text:
Das Hallmundarhraun ist ein Lavafeld im Westen von Island. Es stammt aus der Zeit der Landnahme Islands, das heißt von der Wende des 9. zum 10. Jahrhundert, und hat eine Länge von 50 km.

Herkunft und genauere Beschreibung des Lavafeldes
Auf etwa 750 m Höhe befinden sich im Westen des Langjökull beim Jökulkrók zwei Krater, aus denen die Laven strömten. Sie liegen in sieben Kilometer Entfernung voneinander. Die Krater gehören zum Vulkansystem im nördlichen Teil des Langjökull, das auch als Vulkansystem von Hveravellir bekannt geworden ist.

Die Laven sind teilweise über das östliche Ende des Passes Flosaskarð zwischen den Gletscherschilden Eiríksjökull und Langjökull gelaufen. Der stärkere Lavastrom breitete sich nördlich des Eiríksjökull aus bis zum Fljótadrög, wo Quellen unter ihm hervorkommen, die den Fluss Norðlingafljót speisen, folgte dann dem Tal des Flusses und spaltete sich rund um den Palagonitkegel Strútur auf. Der östliche Teil im Tal der Hvítá wird Skógarhlíðarhraun genannt. Die Quellen des Flusses Hvítá liegen in diesen Laven. Der nördliche Teil heißt Gráhraun, der südliche Skógarhraun.

Bei einem Großteil der Laven vor allem im südlichsten Teil des Lavafeldes handelt es sich um Pahoehoe-Laven, die oft als Stricklaven auftreten.

Name
Der Name hat seinen Ursprung in der Saga von Grettir dem Starken. Dort wird erzählt, dass Grettir auf einer seiner Reisen als Geächteter einen Troll namens Hallmundur dort in einer Höhle antraf, wo er überwinterte und mit dessen Töchtern spielte.

Höhlen im Hallmundarhraun
Wie in vielen Lavafeldern, gibt es im Hallmundarhraun zahlreiche Höhlen. Dabei handelt es sich um alte Lavaröhren. Das Dach ist bei vielen teilweise und manchmal auch ganz eingestürzt.

Surtshellir und Stefánshellir
Die bekanntesten Höhlen sind Surtshellir und Stefánshellir, die fast ineinander übergehen (die Verbindung ist zusammengebrochen) und insgesamt über 3,5 km lang sind. Sie liegen etwa 7 km nördlich des Hofes Kalmannstunga in Richtung Arnarvatnsheiði. Surtshellir hat eine Länge von 1.310 m und reicht bis in 40 m unter die Oberfläche der Arnarvatnsheiði. Die Höhle hat eine Höhe von bis zu 10 m. Oft steht Wasser in der Mitte der Höhle, das auch im Sommer gefroren sein kann. Daher heißt der innerste Teil Íshellir. In diesen Höhlen wurden Spuren menschlicher Anwesenheit wie Knochenreste von Mahlzeiten gefunden. Viele Sagen ranken sich um die Höhlen, die oft in Verbindung mit Gesetzlosen und deren Wesen gebracht werden. Sowohl in der Sage um Eiríkur, den Namensgeber des Gletschervulkans Eiríksjökull, als auch in der Sturlunger-Saga spielt die Höhle eine Rolle. Wegen heruntergebrochener Steine und Felsstücke ist der Boden in diesen Höhlen sehr uneben.

Víðgelmir
Diese aufgrund ihres bunten Gesteins (Rhyolith) besonders schöne Höhle steht unter Naturschutz und darf nur mit Führung (z. B. vom Hof Kalmannstunga) betreten werden. Sie liegt in zwei Kilometer Entfernung von Fljótstunga í Hvítársíða und ist 1.460 m lang. Von 1918 bis 1930 war die Höhle ganz vereist.

Hallmundarhellir
Die Höhle liegt etwa 20 Minuten zu Fuß vom Berg Syðra-Sauðafjall (528 m) in Richtung Eiríksjökull entfernt. Sie ist etwa 40 m lang und verengt sich nach innen. Zwei Jahre nach ihrer Entdeckung 1956 gab ein Museumswärter ihr den Namen nach dem Troll aus der Grettissaga. Der Höhle kann angesehen werden, dass sie vorübergehend bewohnt war. Mauern sind gebaut worden und es wurden Knochenüberreste von Mahlzeiten gefunden.

Kalmannshellir
Diese Höhle liegt im Nordosten des Berges Þrístapafell im Pass Jökulkrók und ist ungefähr einen Kilometer lang.

Hraunfossar
Aus den Laven des Hallmundarhraun strömen in Hvítársíða im Süden der Arnarvatnsheiði die Wasserfälle Hraunfossar auf über 1,5 km Länge.

Siehe auch
 Geographie Islands
 Vulkane in Island

Weblinks

Wissenschaftliche Artikel

 Lavahöhlen im Hallmundarhraun (PDF; 738 kB)

Fotos
 Photo: Norðlingafljót, in der Mitte der schneebedeckte Schildvulkan Ok, rechts davon Strútur
 Photo: der berühmte Lavamann / hraunkarl im Hallmundarhraun auf dem Weg zur Surtshellir
 Photo: Am Fluss Geitá bei Húsafell, in der Ferne der Hof Kalmannstunga
 Grudwasserteich in eingestürzter Lavahöhle, Hallmundarhraun, Arnarvatnsheiði im Hintergrund der Berg Strútur

Einzelnachweise

Lavafeld
Geographie (Borgarbyggð)
Landschaft in Island

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Welcome to the Durand Neighbourhood Character Project.
The Durand Neighbourhood is one of the oldest residential areas in the City of Hamilton. Over its long history, the traditional streets and homes continue to define the feel of this unique urban area despite the loss of significant residential housing stock through previous periods of development.
Hamilton is currently experiencing a renewed period of residential growth, and once again there is a challenge to balance new development with the existing character of the Durand neighbourhood. In response to this, the Durand Neighbourhood Association. launched the Durand Neighbourhood Character Project. The Project explores an innovative approach to defining and preserving neighbourhood character, inspired by an approach introduced in Ottawa.
Neighbourhood character, in this context, refers to the look and feel of an area. It is made up of a number of factors that contribute to how private homes connect with the public street, or what makes up a streetscape. The Durand Neighbourhood Character Project focuses on how to maintain the feel of streetscapes. While there are various buildings of all shapes and sizes in any neighbourhood, the focus of this project is on low to mid-rise residential housing, which is six storeys or less in height.
How Can We Maintain Character?
There are existing rules and guidelines in place that City officials use to evaluate new home construction or additions to an existing house in established neighbourhoods. These are set out in neighbourhood plans and zoning by-laws. Different cities have tried to use different rules to maintain character in mature neighbourhoods. For example, urban design guidelines or heritage conservation districts are currently used in many Ontario cities, including Hamilton. The City of Ottawa uses an innovative approach to set these rules to help maintain neighbourhood character.
The City of Ottawa uses an approach where "your street gives you your rules" for development in mature neighbourhoods. In this approach, property owners retain complete architectural freedom to design a new home or addition, as long as three key attributes that define the dominant character of a streetscape are maintained or strengthened.
These three attributes related to: Front yards, parking, and the main door.
To define what these attributes are, the City of Ottawa developed a user-friendly tool called a Streetscape Character Analysis. This allows the community to assess what is considered the dominant neighbourhood character on a streetscape, and the rules that new development needs to follow to strengthen that character.
How does a Streetscape Character Analysis work?
After a SCA is completed, it is submitted to City officials for their approval. At which stage it is used to evaluate whether a proposed development project is consistent with the dominant character of the street or not.
How would a SCA work in Durand?
To better understand how character zoning would work in Durand, four Streetscape Character Analyses were conducted in different parts of the neighbourhood. The four zones that were assessed are highlighted in red on the map.
To see the results of SCA 1, Click here.
To see the results of SCA 2, Click here.
To see the results of SCA 3, Click here.
To see the results of SCA 4, Click here.
As this project moves forward, we will be engaging citizens on how to better understand Durand's neighbourhoood character. For more information, go to the project website by clicking the link below. For more information on the Ottawa approach, click the links below.
When does the Ottawa approach apply?
2016 Civicplan. All rights reserved.


People choose hobbies which are good to them. It is normal for every person to have a hobby which they love most, and they do it every day. You need to pick a leisure activity that will prompt enlightenment and riches building. You will likewise be required to pick a side interest that enhances your physical wellness and well as giving you a stronger mindset. Every person have set goals for themselves when they think of the habits they desire to form in near future and the type of hobby they would like to have. Some of the hobbies are used to relieve our stress, and they will also help you cope with a busy schedule when used responsibly. The following are a portion of the side interests which you can have, and they will enable you to have an awesome time.
Vaporizing is a hobby that will suit best to the smokers. To those who are not smokers, they can also have this hobby for vapors are delicious. You need to purchase an e-fluid which is free of nicotine and is not addictive but rather one that furnishes you with a flavor. Some people are used to vaporize their favorite herbs which have various effects, and most of the vaporizers can be used to fill the room providing you with a nice flavor. Most of the smells and tastes which are provided by the vapors can be medicinal, and the act of blowing huge clouds of vapor without having to inhale the smoke will provide you with great fun. A considerable measure of flavors are there for you to attempt and this will be a decent leisure activity, and it leaves no terrible impacts to the body of the user. Since a portion of the herbs are costly, you can choose to make your flavors. Vamping is a good alternative instead of using candy for it has a great taste and provides you with a good feeling.
Betting is another side interest that is useful for those people who take part in it. It is an exceptionally addictive propensity, and once you are in it, it will be hard for you to stop. The individuals who bet appreciate to their fullest and what is required is an ordeal. You have to bear in your mind as a gambler that two outcomes re there, either a win or a loss. Those who win any game acquire a lot of profit as compared to those who lose the game. Gambling is a very enjoyable game and those who participate in it find it hard to stop plying the game.
Cultivating is another type of hobby that is preferred by most people. This involves growing your fruits and vegetables and as well as herbs, and this particular hobby is good for your health and fitness. Instead of going to buy everything from the market, you can decide to spare some of your precious time and grow them in your garden. People should take part in those leisure activities highlighted above.
The first step is to know the target market who will bring out the right clients. You will find that there is a need to have a market research in this case which is a good way to know the clients well and in the right manner. This way you will know the type of people who will require the product and make it easy to sell to them. In the case that you do not know your target market then it will be possible to find it so hard in doing this.
It will be important to consider doing the right platform when you look at marketing. Once you have set a base of those to target then it will be an easy task to go along with the rest of the plans. This will be the right way to know how well to target them. For a young people target group, it is very easy to find them through the use of the social media pages. In the case that you are dealing with older people then consider using the television and the radios to reach out to them easily. The best thing about social media is that it is very cheap and also helps out in reaching to a huge group of people at the same time. You will find that it is very easy to reach people through the emails in the world today.
When it comes to solving problems, you will find that is the main reason why people buy new things. In the example of selling a generator, you have to tell them why having a generator would be a good deal when it comes to having the backup plan. Such items will do better if you add something else like the delivery services to be free so that it may attract them. You must look for all the possible channels which you may get and use it for the best.
It goes without saying that smoking comes with varieties of disadvantages that not only makes it a terrible pair-up for your health but, also exceptionally hurtful for one's bankroll but despite this, there are still many who finds themselves engage on it. However, withdrawing from it is something that even the ones with the hardest will, would really find very difficult to do since nicotine is a highly-addictive product that would make one suffer during the withdrawal stage.
In order to make sure that you'll be able to satiate your psychological worries and the physical symptoms from quitting from smoking, the best thing for one to do is to have another habit to indulge on, which can also be a path towards a healthier lifestyle. Bid goodbye to smoking in the most effective way possible, by switching to an alternative that will occupy your mind and time, all while giving you the boost you need to finally succeed.
Electronic Cigarette with its Ejuice, is one alternative that has garnered mixed emotions and feedback from the public. Although many are still hesitant with Vapes and Ejuice, the fact that it comes with varying nicotine levels while also being devoid from other harmful tobacco substance makes it more than enough for varieties of smokers.
It is common misconception that nicotine in Ejuice makes it the same as cigarettes because in fact, this kind of ability is one of its saving grace and difference from tobacco products. Smoking drawbacks or withdrawal symptoms are only there if you forcefully stop smoking altogether but, with the different nicotine levels found on Ejuice, you can slowly make the switch for a more guaranteed success.
There will surely be many out there who'll think that eating healthy is no different than eating during your smoking stages which will surely leave you with some hesitance whether this stage could really help or not. Healthy foods are good for your body as it will help it push harmful products out from your body and, you can also use it as the alternative when you want to smoke.
Eating candy while smoking is no mystery for some but, the idea of chewing a gum is something smokers feel repulsive about as the act simply tastes worse than you can imagine. With the help of chewing gum and its bad taste when paired with smokes, you'll be able to keep yourself away from smoking whilst also having an outlet that'll keep your focus and attention.
Having a great look is not that easy especially if do not have natural appearance.However this should not discourage you because there are several things you can do to improve your look. It is easy to get the confidence you require to excel in life. Some people continue to take use some ways without learning the impact in their lives. Here are some of these things you need to change your life.
First thing you need to do is to quit smoking.This is not something new that you need to hear since you already know that smoking affects your health. It has some impact on your hair, nails, teeth and hair.In order to quit this harmful habit, you should start by taking e-liquid and e-cigarettes since they do not have any harmful elements like that of a tobacco. One should also be prepared to take enough water.Here, make sure you consume pure water to ensure your skin is not dry at all times. It is also necessary to take enough sleep every day.If you sleep less than the recommended hours, you will have gloomy rings in your eyes. It is advisable to stick to a certain routine and never use your devices while in your bedroom.
Having some exercises will also do wonders for your new look. It is meant to tone your body as well as get rid of any toxins in the body.Here, make sure you take the right approach when exercising. Take time and get the right proteins in the diet.One is advised to take fish and lean meats. Oily fish will come with omega 3 fatty acids to improve the look of your skin.If you do not like eating meat, you can opt to have butter, tofu, eggs, hemp seeds and its flour. Vegetable and fruits should be taken five times per day. It is from the meals that you can get vitamins together with antioxidants to ensure your body is free from toxins. Oranges are considered the best when it comes to your skin, hair and nails since they have vitamin C. Eating vegetables will help you shed some weight that you been dreaming about.
The posture you take will also help you get the best look. It will come in handy when sitting or standing. If you do not take this seriously, you will end up having pains or aches.One should invest in the best chair or shoes for the best outcome here.Although these tips are essential; they will make sense if you appreciate yourself and have the inner beauty.
Painkillers have become the best friend of many when getting their dose of extreme pain despite the facts that problems may be awaiting them at the end of the line. Painkillers are widely known throughout the globe as an effective measure against pain but, with its ingredients inclining more on opiate-based ingredients, there's no doubt that addiction and other side effects aren't off the table.
Problems with addiction and other side effects from these drugs aren't rare and with the high probability of taking a turn for the worse, there are those who have done their best to look for other healthier alternatives that may still pose the same or close level of effectiveness. What's unfortunate though, is that getting your hands on a better, natural painkiller is easier said than done but, the redeeming thing about it is the existence of discovered alternatives already which may do fantastic job in relieving your pain right away.
Although a part of the conventional way of reducing inflammation and pain, hot and cold therapy is still one of the most prevalent and most trusted way for many as it is basically proven since the dawn of times and have also been explained by technological ways on how it can be so effective. The genius plot behind the effects of these two temperatures rely on the expanding and contraction wherein hot expands tissues and vessels for easier washing away of pain which is then contracted and closed with the help of the cold temperature to make sure that the effects stay there and the tissues and vessels wouldn't be that vulnerable.
You may have already been working on increasing your vitamins for better resistance of pain and what you just have to know next is that the key to preventing pain from your body lies on the help of vitamin D. Diverse institutions and universities have executed different researches regarding Vitamin D, all ending up with results that concludes with Vitamin D Deficiency being a large contributor to experiencing pain in the body.
Another thing to note if you're planning to get this Vitamin D thing a try is to not trust drinking milk when it comes to accumulating Vitamin d as this is certainly not that feasible; instead, get yourself some time out under the sun and absorb the appropriate amount of its essence every day.
When one decides to pick any habits or hobbies, it is possible to have something that you are comfortable with in life.There are different things that one can do to keep their physical and mental healthy fit. Life offers us many expectations that prompt us to make the right decision. It is also easy to decide on some hobbies that will make you addicted to them. Today, one will need to have great events that will positive results to deal with life and its challenges.The following are some of the new hobbies you should engage in for a great life.
For that person that is still smoking, it is good to take vapor options. You will appreciate its safety and delicious tastes. There is the e-liquid without the nicotine effect.You can be certain of no addiction with the vaporizing option. It is here that you should take time and add some unique herbs. There are various scents and flavors to make you enjoy the hobby. The idea of gambling is associated with expenses and addictions, but it can be an exciting and excellent experience. It is advisable to learn that it has some gains and losses.
It is likely to find people refraining from gardening activities because of the work involved.If you are looking for a new hobby, take advantage of your garden and plants some vegetables. People love the idea of shopping for the vegetable and fruits in their local supermarkets.It is rewarding to understand that you can produce your own vegetables. If you are good at something, you should compete with others in it. If you learn that you like bowling, golfing, swimming or any other game, you should train in order to compete. Out of this, you can now become a champion and also experience the best time.
You should also choose to do wine tasting.This does not mean that you become an alcoholic for there is a limit to this. You can do this while enjoying a good night. It is also fun to smoke cannabis. However, it is important to learn all the laws related to this use in that country. It does not produce similar intoxication effects like that of the alcohol The idea of speed dating is also necessary for your life. It is great because you might meet someone special and also have a good time while doing this. You should start with the online dating for it will give you more chance to meet various people.Whatever the activity you decide to select, it is wise that you take everything into moderations.From here, you should now enjoy life since you have something great to do.
There are some situations that beg us to listen and to respond in affirmation.
These are particularly the kinds of circumstances where people with us are vulnerable.
The amazing thing about vulnerability, though – and this is power – is the vulnerable moment is ripe for either the creation or destruction of confidence.
Because hearts are open in vulnerability, hearts are in 'record' mode. Experiences are taken within the fathoms of memory.
If we treat the person with disdain, in their vulnerable moment, we can observe their spirit fall into an abyss, before they recover. They may recover in a moment or an hour or a day, but the gravity in the experience is recorded in the same way trauma experiences are.
See the destructive power in the abuse of others? Sadly, hardly anyone has not given or received such abuse.
Here is what we can do to build into lives by building others up.
Especially in the vulnerable moment, when persons before us are in 'record' mode, when they're ripe and ready to encode the experience they have with us, is the moment to listen, to affirm, to go there way, to be gentle and kind. Especially in the vulnerable moment, we care for the vulnerability of this soul when we listen and go gently with them.
As we do this, God does something in our midst – in us, between them and us, and even in them – to make of the moment something of Him.
Such moments are the making of belief, because God is present and real in the connection achieved. Overtures of compassion and kindness through gentleness and respect are given and received. And particularly the person receiving observes the goodness of God in the giver of encouragement and in the moment itself.
We think trauma experiences are powerfully negative, and they are!
But ever more power is in the kindness of God that empowers someone in that listening moment.
Think about the times in your own life where you simply needed to be heard. Think about how open you were. Remember how receptive you were to both help and harm (when someone decided not to care). Recall where you were met and where you were missed. You know how vulnerable you were.
No matter how tough we are we have all had these moments.
It's our privilege and pleasure to listen to those who are undergoing trial, and we especially realise this when we've been on the receiving end of such care.
Immediately I sensed that this is the key to being an encourager. Yes, it requires the abiding heart. Yes, it requires the ability to discern the opportunity of knowing when something noteworthy has been done by someone – 'when God leads'. But how often do we see something good done, with a good heart that sees good done, and not pipe up? Of course, then there's the delivery too – to deliver an encouragement that will hit the target with the kind and gentle power of love.
To speak promptly is to see and then to love in the immediacy of the moment. This is a good training tool for any disciple of Christ – especially if one is keen to grow in the practice of gratitude – for what else is gratitude than the speaking of good things for love?
Einstein attended a lecture by a professor, along with a lot of other people. The professor made the subject so complex, Einstein believed the audience needed to be enlightened by presenting it more simply. So he went onto the platform and explained in simple terms what the professor had tried to convey.
Pride is the first reason.
Whether writing or speaking, we exhibit the wrong kind of pride when big words are used, the audience may not understand. Consequently, they may be trying to figure out what was just said, while we have perhaps gone on to the next point. A good communicator analyzes their potential audience and crafts what is being said accordingly.
Communicating effectively is not about "dumbing down" what we are trying to get across to our listeners. Neither is it about being uncomfortable using a vocabulary we are unfamiliar with.
The second reason: Vocabulary is a tool.
A rock sculptor uses different chisels to cut away the desired amount of rock. A wide one would not be appropriate to remove a narrow amount of the surface he is working on, and vice-versa.
A good teacher would not use technical words to help her kindergarten class to learn a scientific concept. She would use appropriate language to help her students understand.
Jesus taught mostly common laborers, farmers, and fishermen. He did not use lofty theological examples that none of them could comprehend. He used stories, called parables, that contained deep meanings, but said in a simple way.
Vocabulary is a tool we must use wisely. We can put countless hours in researching and writing and presenting what we have to offer as a writer or speaker. There may be only one chance to make a good impression before we lose a person forever as a reader, listener, and supporter. Do we dare to take the chance we may offend them or leave them with little understanding of what we said in whatever medium of contact?
I recently found a story about Albert Einstein that fits perfectly in this article. Much can be learned from him if you will study what he said and did. I believe you will have more friends and followers if you learn to speak and write simply so you can be understood.
These are people with a need to get things right. Perfectionists are usually critical, idealistic, and judgmental. Decisions are made with an internalized 'single correct way' in mind. Their work is meant to reflect extremely high standards set by themselves. Continually, they are teaching, preaching, and monitoring others. This causes others to feel nit-picked or rejected. Perfectionist fiercest anger is directed toward themselves. At their best, Perfectionists are honest, idealistic, visionaries. They have a clear vision of what should be, with the ability to direct others.
Helpers strive to be appreciated. They give with the intention of reciprocal gratitude. Helpers are relationship oriented with an emotionally seductive attitude. Sweet and manipulative, helpers make themselves indispensable to and adored by others. This is their path to influence and seek power. Helpers have impeccable radar for others feeling, preferences, and appetites. They excel in customer services, are genuinely sensitive, and humble. Helpers serve and bring out the best in others.
Producers are more than likely workaholics. They enjoy being applauded for getting the job done. Producers can be high performing, enthusiastic, and competitive. It is essential that they be rewarded for their achievements. Some might say that Producers are self involved and obsessed with image. They come off as insensitive, superficial, artificial and expedient. Producers are often seen merely as their resume. At their best Producers are eager, efficient leaders with the ability to problem solve and influence others.
It is easy for a Connoisseur to gravitate toward the beautiful, authentic, true and unusual. These people are romantic and melancholic. Connoisseurs manifest impeccable taste within their concerns. They look for deeper meaning underneath the surface. Feelings are what drive their decisions. Connoisseurs seem to be satisfied with the impeccable. They can seem intense or snooty. At their best they are creative and imaginable. Connoisseurs love the attractiveness, taste, and elegance in the world.
Sages seek mastery over their personal domains. They are emotionally detached. It is said that sages observe the world from safe vantage points. Here they can stockpile facts, theories, and information. Sages do not rely on relationships but instead camouflage themselves and minimize needs. Others see them as emotionally detached, as they hide behind whatever they can find. At best, Sages are sensitive, brilliant, respectful, intense, entrepreneurs. Committed and most wizards in their fields.
Paranoid at best, troubleshooters are preoccupied with worse case scenarios. Trust is a huge issue. They are over prepared and obsessed with what could possibly go wrong. Others may find their procrastination frustrating. Troubleshooters can be faithful, imaginative, original thinkers, intuitive, committed, sensitive, and courageous. They are known for defending their team, their boss, and themselves. Troubleshooters are terrific at pointing out pitfalls and hidden motives along the way.
Visionaries stay positive and keep all options open. They engage, plan, and have high energy romances. Visionaries have difficulty growing up. They are known as superficial Peter Pans. It is not easy for visionaries to consider pitfalls. Therefore, they avoid completion, pain, conflict, ordinary commitments, and routine work. Although they initiate progress they often times neglect to follow through. The best Visionaries are gifted, witty, inspirational, and charming. Their ideas and enthusiasm pull people toward them.
Power and control are what Top Dogs seek. They express their feelings freely and loudly. Top Dogs are described to be domineering and blunt. They loudly seek out confrontations believing the truth often comes out in a fight. They focus on their own powers and others shortcomings. Others may be repelled by their flamboyant bullying. At best Top Dogs are nurturing of the underdogs with whom they are in charge of.
Mediators seek to include all people and all points of view. These people compromise easily. They can see the feelings, needs, and enthusiasms of others. Others may see Mediators as neglectful or spacey. At their best, mediators lead by inspiring others. They are warm and openhearted individuals. Mediators are naturally in touch with the flow of the group. Therefore, mediators are excellent diplomats, team builders, and boundary spanners.


text:
Kokhir Rasulzoda (, Kohir Rasulzoda; ), nacido como Abdukokhir Abdurasulovich Nazirov (; nacido el 8 de marzo de 1959), es el primer ministro de Tayikistán desde el 23 de noviembre de 2013. Es miembro del Partido Democrático Popular de Tayikistán.

Carrera política
Nació como Abdukokhir Abdurasulovich Nazirov el 8 de marzo de 1959 en la ciudad de Kistakuz, en el distrito de Ghafurov, provincia de Sughd, RSS de Tayikistán. En 1982, se graduó de la Universidad Agrícola de Tayikistán, especializándose en ingeniería hidráulica. Entonces Nazirov trabajó como ingeniero del departamento de producción, ingeniero jefe, jefe de PMK-4, y como el jefe de la empresa Tajiksovskhozstroy.

Desde enero de 2000 hasta diciembre de 2006, se desempeñó como ministro de mejora de recursos hídricos.

En 2008 se graduó de la Academia Presidencial Rusa de Economía Nacional y Administración Pública con un título en ciencias técnicas. El 2 de diciembre de 2006, fue nombrado presidente de la provincia de Sughd, convirtiéndose en el líder permanente de la provincia el 27 de febrero de 2007. En mayo de 2007, cambió su nombre a Kokhir Rasulzoda tras la decisión del presidente Emomali Rahmon de cambiar su último nombre de Rahmonov a Rahmon.

En diciembre de 2007 y en abril de 2010, Rasulzoda fue elegido como primer vicepresidente de la Asamblea Nacional de la Asamblea Suprema de Tayikistán. El 23 de noviembre de 2013, Kohir Rasulzad fue nombrado primer ministro de Tayikistán, en sustitución de Okil Okilov.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Políticos de Tayikistán del siglo XXI
Primeros ministros de Tayikistán
Musulmanes de Tayikistán
Personas vivas


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Magicman's Podcast - Magic Secrets Revealed
10+ y ago 10+ y ago
I'm gonna show you how to do some of the coolest magic tricks around. If you want a trick revealed then mail me details and I will try and include it in an upcoming podcast.
Mollyville Modern Radio Drama
Embrace your inner expatriate and come away to this new wild west where we live free in our off-grid paradise commune nestled in the green valley of a mountain range jutting out of the sea. No rules. Plenty of consequences.About the place, Mollyville...Rich with cutting-edge technology and abundant in natural resources, Mollyville thrives as a self-policing, paradise community with beaches, cliffs, exotic forests and a system of unknowably vast subterranean caverns that extend beyond sight. ...
2019 GOTY Week 32:27:30
The gang decides what old game loves them most, what game serviced them the bestest, which game had the best story and Brian frustrates Rocky with his contention that something that is not a game was the best surprise. Rocky frustrates Brian with his contention that something that is not a game had the best story. Old Game of The Year: 2:24 Ongoing…
Interview with Hugo Fruehauf: Inventor of the GPS - Episode 17841:05
The invention of the GPS has changed the world like few inventions have in the past 50 years. The billions of dollars it has injected into the global economy aside, this technology has revolutionized everything from how we drive, to the tracking of continental shifts. We have been lucky enough to get to meet with one of the inventors of GPS, Hugo F…
2019 Game of the Year Week 2 (Garbage Day) or The Renunciation of Randy Pitchford2:47:25
11d ago 2:47:25
The conclave has gathered and there is white smoke. Impossible Coin names 2019's dumbest, evilest and most disappointing. Don't worry, there will be a magic show. (Not the juicy kind.) These are video games.
Do UFOs Exist? - Episode 17737:28
12d ago 37:28
Do UFOs exist? It is a question as old as time itself...or the 1940s. James and Luke have decided to settle the debate once and for all, and yes, one of them believes!This episode covers the first UFO sightings, the most unexplained experiences, how a UFO could actually be manufactured and the efforts going into it as we speak, and some of the craz…
2019 Game of the Year Week 12:32:34
The bloodletting begins and the knives are out. Friends, it is time that we endanger our real and vibrant friendships over something so trivial as who is the best Fire Emblem person.
How Internships & Jobs Will Change Engineering for You - Episode 17636:17
Nothing will change what you think you will be doing as an engineer like an internship or your first job. James and Luke discuss how their internship experiences prepared them for their first jobs and helped them reach the harsh reality of what engineering actually is. They also jump into how their first jobs continued to teach them that everything…
Post-Mortem Depression1:41:32
Hark! the herald Now Beat blogs, "Glory to the new-born Queen! Peace on earth, and Simon mild, Aldovia and Penglia reconciled." Joyful, Aldovians, rise, Evil butler in disguise; With th' angelic host proclaim, "Why's this queen got blogger fame?" Hark! the herald Now Beat blogs, "Glory to the new-born Queen!…
Produced By The Same Company As The Christmas Prince1:14:19
I think you have to go back to 2017 to find an episode of this show this bad. You hate to see it. Anyway, mistakes were made, Ls were held and somehow the person who got it together and rose above criticism was Geoff Keighley?
Star Wars Engineering Fails - Episode 17536:24
The futuristic technology in the Star Wars universe is unrivaled in creativity and tech far beyond human comprehension. That being said, it certainly isn't all good! We took a look at some of the biggest fails in the Star Wars movies, from being able, to bring down an ATAT with a simple cable to light saber functionality, all the way to how the Dea…
DO WE PUT THE STOCKINGS ON THE TREE?1:49:22
This is really the one that broke Tegan. I don't know whether it is every resident of Aldovia being a certified idiot or the swapping of the main character's father for a weird stranger who is definitely walking here but this sequel is watchalong that is much better/worse than the first. Our special holiday #content continues.…
Evolution of Television - Episode 17437:01
Regardless of your age, you have seen massive changes to televisions over the years. From old black and white TVs, to the addition of color, all the way to advanced LED systems, this technology has come a great way and continues to change.We've taken a big look to better understand how the tech behind television has changed, what some of the big in…
Hot-Shot Nanny Career1:42:52
Gather round! Tis the season of Yule or the Yule season! Rocky, Tegan and Brian celebrate not by working on their backlogs for GOTY but by watching festive holiday classix! If Genovia was too classy for you journey inside a hollow acorn for this story that teaches crack reporters are stupid and friends are best contacted on Skype.…
Best Holiday Gifts for Engineers: 2019 - Episode 17334:24
It's that time of the year again! Time to try and find the perfect gift for that hard to shop for engineer in your life. Don't worry, we have you covered! We've combed the web for the best gift ideas for engineers of all ages, from kids that are mechanically inclined to retired engineers that just want to be left alone. All prices and sizes are cov…
Somebody Ate All The Cocaine2:46:40
Elon Musk was an idiot. Big surprise. Randy Pitchford was an idiot. Big surprise. Stadia is a trash fire. Big surprise. The naming conventions of both Half Life and Debbie Does Dallas are examined. Bluff City Law offends Brian. Rocky wants to do a nightmarish boss fight. These are video games.
Windmills & Wind Turbines - Episode 17234:08
If you've listened for some time, you know that Luke loves windmills, and James can't pronounce turbine. It only makes sense that we tackle both in one episode!We've looked at the history of the windmill, how they have changed over the years, and how wind turbines are changing the landscape of energy production.…
We Would Like To Help With The Dispensing Of The Bulbasaurs2:46:33
Stadia is actually on fire. Microsoft kicked off their annual Xbox fan convention. The Apple TV had video games and Brian played them. Rocky won't stop messing with Brian over ardently religious corporate fandoms. Come with us to the sketchy Pokestops that shouldn't have been approved!
How Crumple Zones & ABS Work - Episode 17131:34
After talking about the general history of car safety, we decided to dig into the details of two of our favorite safety features: crumple zones and anti-lock braking systems. Take a few minutes to learn how car makers are working to save your life.By Unprofessional Engineering
You Have All Those Pillows Because You're Depressed1:34:42
Brian here. I haven't listened to this episode yet and I wasn't there. Pretty sure that means I now have the all-time worst attendance record, dethroning Tegan. I like to assume this episode title is very specifically targeted to me and my endless pillows. Don't judge me. VIDEO GAMES.
Great Inventors: Isaac Newton - Episode 17032:47
Isaac Newton might be the most brilliant person ever. There, we said it. Gravity, laws of motion, rainbows, astronomy... the man did it all!!We walk through the life of Isaac Newton to try and understand how he came up with so much of the foundation of modern science, learn if the apple falling on his head story is true, and throw in a few other fu…
I Only Have Like Two Good Ideas A Show2:05:15
Rocky, Tegan and Brian sit down with the newest cast member of the show, Champagne Fresca. Tegan rejects Fresca and his teachings as heresy. The gang talks Deadspin and its implications for Kotaku, a cool initiative by Ninja Theory and Rocky's personal campaign to not do a thing. Join us as we explore Tegan's two good ideas!…
Companies That Built The World: Corning - Episode 16934:03
Corning makes glass. Pretty boring, right? WRONG!! The history of the company is amazing, with ties to Thomas Edison and the "invention" of the light bulb and the development of one of the first R&D labs in America, Corning has lead the world into the future on more than one occasion. Join us to learn about how Corning got started, some of the majo…
Excuse Me, That Shouldn't Be In This Office1:59:30
Rocky and Tegan stay tragically on task and mostly talk about video games as Brian's life spirals out of control because he can't get his sleep under control. Call of Duty is a mess, Bethesda does it again and Pikachu wears money pants. Also, for some reason, Tegan hates spooky things which is a perspective but not a good one.…
How It's Made: Halloween Candy - Episode 16831:26
Happy Halloween!!! Your friends at Unprofessional Engineering have whipped up a real treat for you this year by looking at the manufacturing process for some of your favorite Halloween treats. We've looked at how Hershey's Reeses Cups are made, both the left and right side of a Twix, as well as the general process for gummy candy. In addition, Luke…
Inches Away From A Sex Thing1:59:50
Tegan brings up to speed on Riot's plan for global domination. The left and the right join forces to hate Blizzard. Brian is happy with a recent Analogue announcement. Rocky makes a shocking revelation which will change Impossible Coin FOREVAR. These are video games.
What Is Chemical Engineering - Episode 16730:57
Interested in engineering but don't know which field is right for you? We've taken a look at chemical engineering to help you narrow things down!From what your classwork will look like, to jobs you will do in the workforce, the top places to work, and even how much you can expect to make, we have it covered! Sure, it isn't as cool as Mechanical Eng…
That's a Ukulele!2:32:54
Tegan and Brian have a reckoning with time guzzling addictions. Brian apologizes to the listenership and Tegan. The lads consume hot fall TV. Blizzard drops the ball big time. Riot then drops the ball big time. Sony tells us about their future and Google tries to convince us they are the future. HEY THAT'S A UKULELE.…
The Future of Engineering: Where Will We Be In 20 Years? - Episode 16632:02
We've changed things up a bit this week and sat down to debate where we think engineering and man-kind will be in the next 20 years. We give our views on the future of energy (comparing solar vs wind), if humans will live on Mars anytime soon, and much more! We even end things up with a few bold predictions. Take a listen and let us know what you t…
Wrong Bookstore2:38:49
Tegan is back in prison. (Again.) We got got for something dumb. COMING FOR YOU SAISO. Two bad men who used to be friends settled their bad man fight. (It's the Randy Pitchford update.) Internal knife fights must be wild at Sony. Sounds like Jim Ryan has the better shiv crafted from a sharpened PS4. Ever go to a wrong bookstore?…
How Do Lighthouses Work? - Episode 16534:53
Have you ever wondered why we still have so many freaking lighthouses? Yeah, so did James. It turns out a lot of them are mostly just for show, but there are still a lot of them still in use.We take a look at the history of the lighthouse, how we went from a giant, thick lens, to the modern day way better deal, and even tell some of the greatest li…
Real Wave Conjugations2:17:00
This is a new episode of Impossible Coin. It is a podcast about video games. You can tell from this description that Brian is definitely in this episode and has full awareness of what was discussed. Or if he wasn't he has listened to the episode and knows what it is about. Featuring 100% less public domain music.…
History and Future of Telescopes - Episode 16433:21
Telescopes have been around for hundreds of years, allowing us to explore space from the comfort of our local observatory. But how did the first one come about? And who were the great minds to continue to improve on the original design to make it what the telescope what it is today? We take a look at the early history of the telescope, discuss how …
I'm Always Looking At My Cat2:24:26
Look, this episode is a full day late because Brian was working until 1AM on Wednesday. Also, he called an audible on the title of this episode because there was not an abundance of visuals that communicated "That's Just Paperwork" in a funny way. Please listen to this podcast about video games.
Great Inventors: The Wright Brothers - Episode 16332:39
You can't find a much more important invention in the past 100 years than the airplane, and no one gets more love for pushing it forward than the Wright Brothers!Not only do we walk you through how the Wright Brothers invented the airplane (depending on your definition), but their childhood, what their far less interesting siblings did, and what li…
Unprofessional Engineering 101: Calculating Lift - Episode 16210:22
It's time for you to understand that airplanes don't run on magic, but by a little formula that can be used to calculate lift! This value is typically pretty close to the weight of the object, which makes sense, but the factors that go into the equation may not be as simple.Join us for a quick sit down on how lift is calculated, as well as an examp…
Dragon & Well2:16:47
Rocky and Brian hold the fort while Tegan is out of office. KFC is a cynical, capitalist enterprise and their dating game is stupid (or that is what Brian would have you believe). The new MHW expansion is fun and offers a lot of things hunters have been craving (or this is what Rocky would have you believe. Check out the dark side of Kind Words, th…
Engineering the Impossible Burger - Episode 16132:45
The Impossible Burger is taking the world by storm, with everyone from Burger King to Little Caesars getting in on the act. With players like that, it must be good, right?! Well, Luke thinks it is! But what about how it was made? That is way more than good! The biology, genetics, and engineering that went into the Impossible Burger (and Impossible …
How To Calculate Stress & Strain - Episode 1609:33
We thought we would try something new out and see how discussing actual engineering principles would go over with our listeners.Stress and strain are two of the most important values in Mechanical Engineering, if not all engineering. The basics of these calculations is pretty simple if you start small. We walk through what stress and strain are, ho…
Buff Pokèmon Trainer2:11:11
Live from Doritos, Arizona comes this window into the emotional collapse of one of your hosts! Just kidding, Brian played multiple video games this week so he is fine! Slay the Spire is good. Gears 5 is buggy. Anna Kendrick agendas are alleged. Terry Bogard wants to be the best.
How Are Solar Panels Made? - Episode 15934:12
We all know the simple photovoltaic process that solar panels use to turn the suns light into electricity (yes, that's a joke), but what about the actual manufacturing process!??In this episode, we take a look at the entire process of how solar panels are made, starting from mining, to the REALLY hot furnaces, all the way to the final coatings to i…
Also, Our Dad is Not Dead2:17:44
CW: Sexual Assault, Suicide Sorry guys. It can't all be fun and games. (Even though our primary focus is just that.) The news from video games has been super tough in the last week and we steer into the storm. Hopefully, we did some good in breaking down the events of the last week. There is other, more fun, stuff in here too. And Steam. Always Ste…
Futuristic Military Technology - Episode 15832:37
The military is on the cutting edge of futuristic technology of all sorts. From missiles that travel 5x the speed of sound, to satellites that melt enemy satellites in space, this tech is amazing, and a little bit scary. Join us to learn about some of the latest inventions to come from DARPA that will blow you away...literally. Don't make us use mi…
Oh, this has nothing to do with Kohl's2:59:25
Big Sach stops by and we speculate about Todd MacFarlane's Legend Of Zelda. Octopus gets used as a verb. America is going wild for chicken sandwiches and there is a preview of All Out and Royal Quest. All this and Tegan brings you your legally mandated amount of Nintendo stanning.
Carbon Fiber 101 - Episode 15730:40
Carbon fiber (or carbon fibre if you're from the other side of the pond) doesn't just look cool, it is one of the most important inventions of recent time. Stronger than steel, yet lighter, the number of applications for carbon fiber are endless. From sports equipment, to sports cars, space ships to wind turbines, carbon fiber is revolutionizing de…
Like, RIP Grandma, or whatever.1:46:52
Rocky exposes the cold, hard truth of running a raid group in these trying times. Nintendo does not understand how YouTube works. Tegan is double exhausted by Call of Duty. Brian launches an effort to get Tegan on the Stardom train.
Companies That Built The World: Westinghouse - Episode 15631:15
Continuing our "Companies That Built The World" series, we took a deeper look into the history of Westinghouse. Well known for leading the charge on electricity (see what we did there), they made a number of other major contributions to the world.From launching the first radio station right here in Pittsburgh, to electric appliances and televisions…
What 12 year olds want to do right now!2:45:56
We talk about the ESA data leak and the trashbag Gamergater who did it, platform holders smarten up on loot boxes, Wal-Mart finds a strawman for guns in video games. Tegan and Brian tumble back into bad habits. The Red Bull party is bad and there is Fire Emblem. We got what 12 year olds want RIGHT NOW!…
What Is Aerospace Engineering? - Episode 15531:57
Thinking about getting a degree in engineering, but not sure what path to take? Maybe Mechanical Engineering's little brother, Aerospace, is right for you! We take a look at some of the areas of focus involved with Aerospace Engineering, discuss the differences between Aeronatical and Astronautical Engineering, look into companies that hire AEs, ta…
Oh that's pure! No, don't like that!48:42
Rocky, Tegan and Brian settle in for another watchalong. (Slow news week you nerds.) This time, they watch an episode of the Vice series 'The Wrestlers' focusing on the Japanese promotion Stardom. Join us on this mission of idol culture and choke holds.
Which Countries Produced The Best Inventors? - Episode 15434:29
After doing so many episodes about great inventors throughout time, we decided to figure out which country has produced the most great inventors of all time. Though there were many great choices, and a few not so great ones, in the end we were able to decide who outranks them all. Take a listen to find out where your country ranks, let us know if w…
Ahoy Ahoy, this is Rockstar2:07:47
Brian is overwhelmed by Thwomps. Twitter, wrestling and Zelda make for a spicy and spirited debate. Rocky is playing that game with strategy and thirst. (Fire Emblem: Three Thirsts) Joycons are bad. Amit Raizada is bad. The Joker is good but Sigma is bad. No, not that Sigma. THESE ARE VIDEO GAMES.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


As the Women Only Mentoring group has developed over the year we have incorporated yoga on a monthly basis. Delia is a very experienced yoga teacher and the women respond to her gentle approach.
Afterwards we have lunch together, which gives us extra time to discuss any thoughts that may surface after the relaxation at the end of yoga.
Some of the women have been inspired to join their local yoga group or taken a step further and gone onto join a mindfulness group.


text:
Наполеон Станислав Адам Феликс Зигмунд (Зы́гмунт, Сигизму́нд) Краси́нский (Краси́ньский, ; 19 февраля 1812, Париж — 23 февраля 1859, Париж) — граф, польский поэт и драматург, причисляется к величайшим польским поэтам эпохи Романтизма наряду с Адамом Мицкевичем и Юлиушем Словацким.

Биография
Происходит из знатного магнатского рода. Отец Винценты Красинский , наполеоновский генерал, а затем — лояльный подданный российского императора.

Окончил Варшавский лицей. Изучал право в Варшаве, затем в Женеве, где познакомился с Адамом Мицкевичем. С 1829 жил за границей, преимущественно во Франции и Италии, изредка приезжая на родину.

В декабре 1838 года познакомился с Дельфиной Потоцкой, женой Мечислава Потоцкого, которая на долгие годы стала его «музой». Сохранилось около 700 писем из их переписки.

Жена (с 26.07.1843) — Елизавета Браницкая (1820—1876), фрейлина двора (1836), дочь генерал-майора русской армии графа Владислава Браницкого. Свадьба была в Дрездене и женился Красинский только под давлением своего отца. В браке было два сына Владислав и Зыгмунт, и две дочери — Мария и Элиза.

Зыгмунт Красинский умер от туберкулеза 23 февраля 1859 в Париже. После смерти поэта были отслужены панихиды в Париже, Берлине, Варшаве, Познани, Львове и других городах Европы. Останки были доставлены в Опиногуру около Цеханува, где сейчас находится Музей романтизма. Спустя год (1860) его вдова, Елизавета Владиславовна Красинская (Браницкая) вышла замуж за Людвига Красинского (1833—1895).

Творчество
Первые произведения создал, живя ещё в Варшаве («Могила семьи Рейхсталей», , 1828 — дебют в печати, и др.), следуя традиции «романа ужасов» и некоторым приёмам Вальтера Скотта.

Наиболее значительные произведения созданы в 1830-х годах. Известность принесла драма «Небожественная комедия» (; 1835, опубликована анонимно). Другие важнейшие произведения:
 драма «Иридион» (; 1833—1836) (сюжет отнесён ко времени упадка Древнего Рима)
 «Агай-Хан» (; 1834) исторический роман; главный герой влюблён в Марину Мнишек
 «Перед рассветом» (; 1843) поэма-видение
 «Псалмы будущего» (; 1845—1848).

Писал также на французском языке.

Творчество Красиньского, в отличие от Мицкевича и Словацкого, не привлекало особого внимания в России; исключением был высоко ценивший его Владислав Ходасевич, много переводивший и стихи, и прозу Красиньского, а также написавший несколько статей о нём.

Цитаты
 «Wyście jak przepaści, a w głębiach waszych tajnie ukryte błękitu.»  «Вы как пропасти, а в глубинах ваших скрыты тайны лазури.» (Зыгмунт Красинский)

Память
 В селе Опиногура-Гурна, которое являлось родовым гнездом Красинских, находится музей романтизма, большая часть экспонатов которого посвящена жизнедеятельности поэта.

Литература
 Базилевский А. Б. Призвание — сплин // Красинский З. Всегда и всюду, или молитва среди ночи. Поэзия, театр, проза. — М.: Вахазар; Пултуск: Гуманитарная академия, 2013. — 760 с.
 Лавров А. В. Александр Блок и Зыгмунт Красинский // Литература и искусство в системе культуры. М., 1987.
 Вячеслав Козляков. Владислав Ходасевич и Зыгмунт Красинский // Начало века. Из истории международных связей русской литературы. СПб., 2000. С.319-329.

Примечания

Ссылки

 Красинский Зигмунд в Литературной энциклопедии
 Profiles: Zygmunt Krasinski
 Zygmunt Krasiński
 Zygmunt Krasiński, hrabia, 1812—1859.

Выпускники Варшавского лицея
Польские поэты
Поэты Польши
Поэты Польши XIX века
Писатели романтизма
Польские драматурги
Польские драматурги XIX века
Родившиеся в Париже
Умершие в Париже


The Naomi Foundation is delighted to announce the creation of six new Yiddish summer-study scholarships in 2017 for Yiddish students at Columbia University (CU), Barnard College and the Jewish Theological Seminary.
The Naomi Prawer Kadar Fellowship provides students with the opportunity to study in The Naomi Prawer Kadar International Yiddish Summer Program at Tel Aviv University, followed by a trip to Poland ("Exploring Yiddishland"), which will be led by a CU faculty member. Naomi Prawer Kadar Fellows commit to at least three semesters of continuous Yiddish language instruction at CU, which enables them to fulfill the Columbia language requirement in three semesters instead of four, and to receive credits toward a Concentration in Yiddish or a Major Track in Yiddish.
The Naomi Prawer Kadar Fellowship was established with support from the Levine Family, together with the Institute for Israel and Jewish Studies at CU, and the Department of Germanic Languages.
Visit CU's website about the fellowship to learn more and apply.


The Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act was passed by the California legislature in 1995 and places limits on municipal rent-control ordinances.
In cities that already have rent-control policies, it freezes the eligibility of units that can come under rent control at the age threshold that was in place when the ordinances were adopted. For example, units in San Francisco that fall under rent control are those built prior to June 13, 1979.
It prohibits "strict" rent control (for instance, vacancy control), which requires rents to remain controlled even after a tenant moves out. Since Costa-Hawkins passed, owners may still increase the rent equivalent to the change in the cost of living as measured by the Consumer Price Index (averaging about 5 percent). Prior to the enactment of Costa–Hawkins, such strict vacancy controls existed in five California cities: Berkeley, Santa Monica, Cotati, East Palo Alto, and West Hollywood.
It exempts all single-family homes, condominiums, and units built after Feb. 1, 1995.
In California, 15 jurisdictions have passed some form of rent control, including "legacy" rent control, meaning cities with ordinances dating back to the late 1970s and early 1980s, such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, Berkeley, and Santa Monica. Bay Area cities such as Mountain View and Richmond have only recently enacted such ordinances. Cities listed as rent controlled by the state of California: Alameda, Berkeley, Beverly Hills, East Palo Alto, Hayward, Los Angeles, Los Gatos, Oakland, Palm Springs, San Francisco, San Jose, Santa Monica, West Hollywood, Mountain View, and Richmond.
The major purposes of the Costa-Hawkins act are to eliminate vacancy control and thereby allow property owners to adjust the rent to market price and to exempt certain categories of rental units from rent control — new construction, single-family homes, and condominiums.
The act leaves the power to determine most other elements of rent control to the cities. Cities remain in control of determining any changes to the rental amount of a tenancy and possess a substantive jurisdiction to regulate evictions and an owner's ability to otherwise end a tenancy. Accordingly, cities could prohibit an owner from terminating a tenant without "just cause." Each California city has its own independently enacted rent-control ordinances, which vary widely.
What Would the Repeal of Costa-Hawkins Mean?
Advocates of expanding rent-control policies gathered enough votes to put a bill on the November 2018 ballot. Assembly Bill 1506, also called the Affordable Housing Act, calls for the repeal of Costa-Hawkins. If approved, in addition to repealing Costa-Hawkins, any subsequent amendments to the Affordable Housing Act would require a two-thirds majority vote by the state legislature. However, even if Proposition 10 passes, each city would need to go through the process of passing new legislation before the repeal would have any effect. At that point, it would be up to cities to decide if they want to expand their rent-control regulations or leave the current laws intact.
It is an undeniable fact that the cost of housing in major California metropolitan areas has grown far out of reach for many residents. The housing-cost burden has become the Achilles' heel of California's economic future. Proponents of rent control generally believe that price protections are the most effective ways to help tenants avoid displacement, which disproportionately affects seniors, lower-income tenants, and renters of color. Nevertheless, California's affordability crisis is a direct result of an undersupply of housing built over the last decade.
According to a recent Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) report, "California's Housing Future: Challenges and Opportunities," housing production has averaged less than 80,000 new homes annually over the last 10 years, and ongoing production continues to fall far below the projected need of 180,000 additional homes annually. With now an almost 2 million housing-unit deficit, there is a need for an additional 1.8 million units to be built by 2025 to meet the state's projected population and household growth.
If these units are not built, housing will become even less affordable.
Rent control incentivizes property owners to sell or convert them to nonresidential units.
Rent control reduces the efficient allocation of housing by disincentivizing current tenants to move even when they don't need all the space or their financial means have improved beyond the need for rent-controlled housing.
And critically important now, rent control discourages new development of rental supply by removing developers' certainty that they will be able to repay their loans and their investors, significantly impacting the feasibility of many construction projects.
For example, a recent study of San Francisco's 1994 Proposition I, which extended the original rent-control ordinance to include smaller buildings of four units or less, found that these properties were 8 percent more likely to convert to owner-occupied housing. San Francisco consequently faced a notable loss in rental housing, as well as higher prices, due to reduced supply. The offsets amounted to $5 billion of welfare losses to all renters.
Similarly, in West Hollywood, rent control led to the loss of 764 units between 1986 to 2016, with only 10 percent returning to the market as new apartment units. In Santa Monica, out of 3,042 units withdrawn from the market between 1986 and 2017, only one-third were replaced with new rental units (and not necessarily rent-controlled ones). In fact, as a result of the Proposition 10 ballot initiative, some new multifamily projects across the state have already been placed on hold as developers face uncertainty over projects' feasibility.
Furthermore, some Proposition 10 proponents have argued that the issue is about local government control and allowing jurisdictions that better understand their housing problems to deal with them. Nevertheless, while local jurisdictions are best informed about their own local imbalances — such as homelessness, displacement, and gentrification — a serious lack of local government willingness, and more importantly local residents, to allow low-to-moderate-income development projects has led to California's 2017 Housing Package.
The package has several regulations that are specifically aimed at holding cities and counties accountable for addressing their housing needs. Over the years, communities have either adopted a noncompliant housing element or failed to submit their housing element to the HCD for timely review.
Creating a $10,000 per-unit penalty on cities and counties that deny (for unjustified reasons) approval of new homes that are affordable to low- or moderate-income Californians.
In addition, there are a number of chronic local government problems that are driving the current housing crisis, such as strong local community opposition; outdated zoning laws that limit residential density and land-use efficiency; caps on population, housing-growth, or building-height limits; onerous parking- or transportation-improvement requirements; and excessive design review, development fees, and the "fiscalization of land use," which lead local jurisdictions to favor commercial growth as opposed to residential. Passing Proposition 10 in no way addresses any of these issues.
What are Proposed Alternatives for Tenant Protections?
The main objective going forward is to ensure meaningful protections to renters without constraining the supply of new housing. Without new housing supply, costs will become even more prohibitive, and rent controls will further incentivize property owners to remove their units from the market.
To that end, there have been numerous suggestions proposed by local and state leaders from real estate, finance, academic, public-policy, and government agencies.
Lastly, in January 2018, state Senator Scott Wiener introduced Senate Bill 827 in an attempt to increase new high-density housing near transit. While the bill failed to clear its first policy committee in the Senate, the proposal would have considerably increased zoning densities near major transit stops. With some amendments, it could have been a large step in improving the current crisis.
If California cities such as Los Angeles and San Francisco want to compete on a global stage and remain economic and innovation powerhouses both in the U.S. and globally and ensure that children who are born here can remain to live here in the future, preserving Costa-Hawkins and refocusing attention on the above proposed alternatives will be more productive.


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Q: Correctness and meaning of "zero tolerance regarding child safety" Here is an excerpt from IKEA Singapore's Facebook page:

A third party investigation has shown that the locking mechanism is
  not reliable, posing a risk for young children, despite approved tests
  to applicable standards.
      "At IKEA, we have zero tolerance regarding child safety. We want to offer safe and healthy products and we think that children are the
  most..."

I am interested to know if the choice of words as "zero tolerance regarding child safety" is correct. In different contexts for example "zero tolerance towards sexual harassment" seems correct, since sexual harassment is a negative thing. But child safety on other hand is positive, so why would one show zero tolerance towards it?

A: There is nothing wrong with the sentence. "Zero tolerance", in engineering and statistics, means "allowing no deviations from the standard".  It does not imply that the standard is enforcing a positive or negative attribute.
The term has been "hijacked" in several contexts to have more specific meanings, but the above use in not in one of those contexts.
The one "defect" in the statement is that the authors, having IKEA's engineering bent, were insensitive to the specialized meanings, leading to confusion.

A: 'Zero tolerance ' is a term used to mean something is not tolerated at all. The term is common enough to have it's own Wikipedia entry.  It's normally used for something negative. A city with 'zero tolerance for speeding' means every case of speeding will be punished, no matter how small.
This phrase is a clumsy way of stating that, presumably to avoid the even clumsier 'zero tolerance for products or practices that might reduce child safety'. It's pretty likely that's what it means though. In other words they will not accept any compromise on child safety.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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By Greg Williams
What's Behind the Curtain?
What's Behind the Curtain? https://c-suitenetwork.com/advisors/wp-content/themes/csadvisore/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg 150 150 Greg Williams, MN, CSP Greg Williams, MN, CSP https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f08a50bcaed92eae0990a65c7808a62?s=96&d=mm&r=g March 6, 2018 March 6, 2018
"In life, sometimes it appears that we're controlled by invisible forces. Understand those forces and you'll have greater control of your life." -Greg Williams, The Master Negotiator & Body Language Expert
What's behind the curtain of your life? Are you aware of what motivates your actions and why you interact with others in the manner you do? I ask because, the more we know what moves us, the more we'll know about where and when to move. That insight becomes our source of motivation and our sense of inspiration; it will become the driving force that drives us to become more of a force than we are.
As you engage in your daily activities, take note of why you do some of the things you do; note especially those activities that are misaligned with what you should be doing. If something is pulling you off-track, you should be mentally aware of why it's doing so. Not until you're mentally aware of it, can it be altered. You should also know, we are driven by our subliminal thoughts; they override our conscious thoughts. That means, when you're unsure as to why you engage in something, it's your subconscious mind that's driving you.
Going forward, acknowledge and be grateful for what you have, and really appreciate it. Reflect on what you value and how it came to be; the spillover benefit will come in the form of the endorphins that'll occur. They'll make you feel happier about life, improve your psyche, and motivate you to achieve more in your life. That, in turn, will lead to even greater happiness and success … and everything will be right with the world.
What does this have to do with negotiations?
Sometimes, we don't appreciate what we've achieved in a negotiation. Nor do we appreciate the skills that we've accumulated that has allowed us to obtain the gains we've made. If you understand what's behind your thought process (i.e. it's makeup), you'll be in greater touch with the feelings you have. That, in turn, should allow you to focus on what you've achieved in the negotiation and what's important about those achievements. If you don't want to lose them, protect them. That may mean exiting the negotiation at that time.
You may have a myriad of negotiation tactics and strategies that you employ at the precise moment that such is required. Remember where that knowledge came from. Recalling the sources of your thoughts will allow you to return to those sources for the purpose of refreshment and enhancement. That's why it's important to understand what's behind the curtain of your life, of your mind. Those sources are direct links to what you've become, and from which your negotiation skills have grown.
Remember, you're always negotiating.
What are you thinking? I'd really like to know. Reach me at Greg@TheMasterNegotiator.com
To receive Greg's free 5-minute video on reading body language or to sign up for the "Negotiation Tip of the Week" and the "Sunday Negotiation Insight" click here http://www.themasternegotiator.com/greg-williams/
#HowToNegotiateBetter #CSuite #TheMasterNegotiator #ControlEmotions #Psychology #Perception #rejection #leadership #HowToImproveyourself
Are We Being Negative?
Why Don't Performance Reviews Work at Home?


Get rewarded for giving back this summer as hotels hop on the voluntourism bandwagon. Traditionally done through socially and environmentally conscious outfitters, hotels are now offering voluntourism promotions with heavily discounted rates (save up to 50 percent!) when you spend part of your vacation volunteering through one of their programs.
One of andBeyond's lodges is India.
Top notch luxury safari outfitter andBeyond (see the company review in our Adventure Ratings) is known for its commitment to conservation and local community building. With burgeoning efforts in India coming to fruition in 2010, these guides are on the cutting edge of socially conscious adventure travel. But voluntourism? Think again. While staff take Indian middle schoolers on Conservation Lessons in Kanha National Park or orchestrate the building of a new local school, guests decidedly do not.


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Q: Handling badly behaved libraries that terminate process I'm using LLVM right now. It has a disgusting habit of terminating the process on improper input, so that all the useful context and error messages and pretty much everything else of value is destroyed.
How can I intercept these process terminating calls so that I can perform some useful debugging? VS/Windows-specific answers are fine.

A: You can set up hooks for various things like abort, signal, unhandled exceptions and other unusual ways of exiting a program. If you provide your own handlers for there, you can just set a breakpoint in them to catch what's happening with a debugger attached, or save out minidumps/callstacks for when you're not attached.
There's lots of information on this kind of thing here:
http://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/07/22/more-adventures-in-failing-to-crash-properly/

A: Can't you do something with std::set_terminate, set_unexpected (only for unexpected  exception) and atexit ?


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Ilhan Omar Defiant at Town Hall: 'We Are Not Goin...
The Latest: Trump attends Beverly Hills fundraiser
Posted by Cain Wilson | Apr 5, 2019
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on President Donald Trump and the border (all times local):
8: 40 p.m.
President Donald Trump is attending a roundtable and fundraiser for his re-election Friday evening in Beverly Hills.
The Republican National Committee says 170 people are at the event at the home of health care executive and GOP donor Lee Samson. The fundraiser benefits the RNC's "Trump Victory" joint account with Trump's campaign. The RNC is not disclosing the amount raised at the event.
According to Federal Aviation Administration flight restrictions, Trump will then pay a visit to his private golf club outside Los Angeles in Palos Verdes, California.
He is then traveling late Friday to Las Vegas, where he will speak at the Republican Jewish Coalition's annual meeting Saturday.
House Democrats have filed a lawsuit aimed at preventing President Donald Trump from spending more money than Congress has approved to erect barriers along the southwestern border.
Democrats say Trump's attempt to transfer billions of dollars from several programs to wall construction violates the Constitution, which gives Congress control over spending. The 45-page complaint was filed Friday in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia.
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi calls Trump's act a "brazen assault" on the Constitution.
Congress approved just under $1.4 billion for work on border barricades. Trump has asserted he can use his powers as chief executive to transfer another $6.7 billion to wall construction.
Attorneys general from 20 states, plus environmental and progressive groups, have filed other lawsuits aimed at blocking the transfers.
President Donald Trump is showcasing a section of border wall that separates the United States and Mexico.
Trump visited the section of fencing in Calexico, California, on Friday and declared that "it looks great" and was "better, faster, less expensive" than other barrier options.
The fence Trump is touring is a 2-mile (3.2-kilometer) section that was a long-planned replacement for an older barrier, rather than new wall.
The White House says the barrier is marked with a plaque bearing Trump's name and those of top homeland security officials.
The new 30-foot-tall, 2.25-mile-long barrier replaced fencing that was made of hrlicopter landing mats from the Vietnam War.
President Donald Trump is downplaying the claims of people seeking asylum at the U.S.-Mexico border.
Trump says: "I look at some of these asylum people. They're gang members. They're not afraid of anything."
Trump is also comparing some efforts to seek asylum to special counsel Robert Mueller's investigation of Russian meddling in the 2016 elections.
Trump says: "It's a scam, it's a hoax. I know about hoaxes. I just went through a hoax."
Trump traveled Friday to Southern California to meet with local law enforcement officials and to tour a section of recently rebuilt fencing along the border with Mexico.
President Donald Trump says his administration is ensuring the country knows "this is an actual emergency" at the U.S.-Mexico border.
Trump traveled Friday to Southern California to meet with local law enforcement officials and tour a section of recently rebuilt fencing he cites as the answer to a surge of migrant families coming to the U.S. in recent months.
Trump says the administration is making progress in building a border wall and says he expects "close to 400 miles" to be completed within the next two years.
The fence that Trump is touring in Calexico is a two-mile section that was a long-planned replacement for an older barrier, rather than new wall.
Trump says of the border wall, "We've done a lot, we've renovated a lot."
California Gov. Gavin Newsom has denounced President Donald Trump's comments about getting rid of the asylum system. The governor issued the strong criticism in a statement Friday as the president arrived in California to visit the U.S.-Mexico border.
Newsom says that since its founding, the United States has been a refuge and safe haven for people fleeing tyranny, oppression and violence.
The governor says the president's rhetoric disregards the Constitution, the justice system "and what it means to be an American."
In comments at the White House as he left for California, Trump urged Congress "to get rid of the whole asylum system because it doesn't work." Trump's administration has been pushing Congress to pass legislation that would tighten asylum rules.
President Donald Trump is in California to meet with local law enforcement officials at a border patrol station and to tour a section of recently rebuilt fencing he cites as the answer to stop migrant families coming to the U.S.
The visit comes after Trump sparked confusion with a threat to seal the southern border.
Trump said Thursday he wouldn't act for a year, and issued a fresh threat to place tariffs on autos manufactured in Mexico.
8: 52 a.m.
President Donald Trump is ramping up his attacks on Democrats as he looks to make border security an issue for the 2020 re-election campaign.
Trump's campaign released a new video attacking 2020 Democrats for dismissing what Trump calls a "crisis" at the border.
Trump travels Friday to Southern California to meet with local law enforcement officials and to tour a section of recently rebuilt fencing he cites as the answer to stop a surge of migrant families coming to the U.S. in recent months.
The fence that Trump is touring is a two-mile section that was a long-planned replacement for an older barrier, rather than new wall. The White House says the barrier is marked with a plaque bearing Trump's name and those of top homeland security officials.
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NEW YORK (Wireless Flash) -- Talk about adding spice to your life: Elizabeth Hurley confesses that if she wasn't canoodling with Hugh Grant, she'd love to be one of the Spice Girls. The 33-year-old Hurley says wearing the spicy outfits on stage would be "a blast" but she fears the fans would dub her "Old Spice." Hurley is just one of the celebrities asked by "Jump" magazine to reveal who they would like to trade places with. -- Reese Witherspoon says she'd like to be a member of royalty so she could play dress-up with the royal jewels. -- Jenna Elfman admits she'd like to be Janis Joplin for a day, but "not during those bad druggie years." -- Matthew McConaughey wishes he could be Evel Knievel so he could feel the adrenalin rush from crazy motorcycle stunts. -- And, finally, Janeane Garofalo says she'd like to switch places with her dog, just so she could ask herself: "Do I really need to go outside every other hour or is it just a trick to get her to walk me?"