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Tag Archives: NatCen Social Research (NatCen)
Unmet Social Care Needs of Older People Living in Their Own Homes (Ipsos MORI / NIHR / Age UK / NatCen Social Research / Independent Age)
Posted on August 13, 2017	by Dementia and Elderly Care News
Summary Ipsos MORI, in association with the NIHR School for Social Care Research, Age UK, NatCen Social Research and Independent Age, have produced a report exploring the nature and extent of "unmet needs" for social care among older persons living … Continue reading →
Posted in Age UK, Charitable Bodies, Commissioning, Community Care, For Carers (mostly), For Doctors (mostly), For Nurses and Therapists (mostly), For Researchers (mostly), For Social Workers (mostly), Integrated Care, Management of Condition, Mental Health, National, NIHR, Non-Pharmacological Treatments, Patient Care Pathway, Person-Centred Care, Personalisation, Quick Insights, Standards, Statistics, UK NSC, Universal Interest	| Tagged Access to Health and Social Care Support, Adult Social Care, Adult Social Care Funding, Adult Social Care Funding (England), Adult Social Care in England, Advice and Information, Affordability of Care and Support, Ageing Population, Aids and Adaptations, Allison Dunatchik: NatCen Social Research, Assessments and Eligibility, Association of Directors of Adult Social Services (ADASS), Barriers and Facilitators in Lifestyle Change, Barriers to Joined-Up Care, Barriers to Support, Barriers: Access to Funding, Barriers: Inconsistency in Care Standards, Barriers: Lack of Continuity of Care, Care Act 2014, Care Funding, Caroline Abrahams: Director of Age UK, Commissioning of Domiciliary Care, Disability and Home Care in England's Older Population, Domiciliary Care, Dr Margaret Blake: Research Director at Ipsos MORI, Eligibility, Eligibility Criteria for Social Care, Eligibility for Care, ELSA, ELSA: English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, English Local Authorities, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), Failing Safety Net (Age UK), Fair Access to Care Services (FACS) Eligibility Criteria, Financial Constraints, Financial Eligibility, Financial Issues, Financial Pressures, Health Survey for England, Health Survey for England (HSE), Help for Elderly Living at Home, Hidden Unmet Needs, Home Adaptations, Home Care, Home Care Funding and Costs, Home Care Organisations, Home Care Packages (HCP), Home Care Services, Home Care Standards, Home Care Support, Home Care: Commissioning, Housing Adaptations, Impact(s) of Unmet Needs, In-Depth Interviews With Older People, Independence, Independence and Wellbeing, Independence at Home, Independence of Older Adults, Independent Age, Independent Living At Home, Individual Care Plans (Complex Needs), Information and Advice, Information and Advice Services, Integrated Commissioning, Ipsos Mori, Ipsos Public Affairs, Janet Morrison (Chief Executive of Independent Age), Lack of Bespoke Information and Advice, LGA: Local Government Association, Living Alone, Local Authorities, Local Authority Contribution to Care Costs or Adaptations, Local Care Providers, Local Government Association: LGA, Local Service Providers, Loneliness and Social Isolation, Long-Term Care (LTC), Long-Term Conditions (LTCs), Loss of Confidence, Loss of Mobility, Loss of Purpose, Meaningful Activity and Occupation, Mobility Problems, NatCen Social Research, NatCen Social Research (NatCen), NatCen Social Research: University College London, National Minimum Eligibility Threshold for Adult Care and Support, Nature and Prevalence of Unmet Need for Social Care, NIHR School for Social Care Research, NIHR School for Social Care Research (SSCR), Older People With Complex Needs, Patterns of Experience and Factors Contributing to People Developing Care Needs, Personal Well-Being, Predictors of Unmet Need, Preventative Care, Preventative Interventions, Preventative Services, Prevention, Public Transport, Publicly Funded Support, Purpose in Life, Qualitative Research, Quantitative Secondary Analysis of English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) Data, Quantitative Secondary Analysis of Health Survey for England (HSE) Data, Reduced Mobility, Reluctance to Admit Unmet Needs, Resilience, Social Care Funding, Social Care Funding Gap, Social Care Providers, Social Contacts, Social Isolation, Specialist Welfare Advice, Support for People with Complex Needs, Supporting Wellbeing Resilience and Independence, Transport and Mobility, Unmet Needs, Unmet Needs and Well-Being, Unmet Needs of Community-Dwelling Older Persons, Unmet Social Care Needs of Older People Living in Their Own Homes, Well-Being, Willingness to Pay for Care and Support	| Leave a comment
Strikes Over Junior Doctors' Dispute: Failing Patients' Interests? (BBC News / Telegraph / NHS England)
Summary Dame Sally Davies has suggested that industrial action by the British Medical Association (BMA) would not be in patients' interest, and requested that coming strikes by junior doctors should be suspended to permit talks resume without duress. Last week, … Continue reading →
Posted in Acute Hospitals, BBC News, For Doctors (mostly), In the News, National, NHS, NHS England, Quick Insights, Standards, UK, Universal Interest	| Tagged 7 Day Services, 72 Hour Limit on Maximum Working Week, Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, ACAS: Advisory Conciliation and Arbitration Service (UK), Acute Care, Acute Hospital Care, Ageing Population, All-Out Strike, Andrew Foster: Wrightington, Anne Rainsberry: NHS England Director Overseeing Preparations Over Junior Doctors' Dispute Chaos, BBC Newsnight Poll on Junior Doctors' Strike, Ben Gummer: Health Minister, BMA Shambolic Mishandling and Calculated Misinformation (Hunt Allegation), BMA Totally Irresponsible (Hunt Allegation), Brendan Barber: Chair of Acas, Brexit Marginalises Junior Doctors Dispute (Speculation), British Social Attitudes Survey, Calculated Delay and Obstruction, Care in General Hospitals, Change Fatigue (Reforms), Chicanery, Chief Medical Officer: Professor Dame Sally Davies, Chris Hopson: Chief Executive of NHS Providers, Christina McAnea (Unison), Clare Panniker: Basildon and Thurrock University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Collective Self-Interest (Ahead of Patients), Concerns About Career Progression, Concerns About Weekend Pay, Conflation of Political Protest Generalised Dissatisfaction and Industrial Action, Culture Change in the NHS, Cycle of Discontent, Cycle of Discontent: BMA Perhaps Unable to Compromise (Under Pressure From Members), Damage to Patient Trust, Damage to Popular Trust in the NHS, Daniel Mortimer: NHS Employers, Danny Mortimer: Chief Executive of NHS Employers, David Cameron, David Sloman: Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Day-of-the-Week Effect, Dissatisfaction Over Pay, Doctors Feeling Undervalued and Overworked, Dr Ellen McCourt: Chair of JDC (BMA Junior Doctors Committee), Dr Johann Malawana: Former Chair of BMA Junior Doctors Committee, Dr Mark Porter, Dr Mark Porter: Chair of Council at British Medical Association, Erosion of Terms and Conditions of NHS Workforce (Union Perspective), Gaming Public Opinion, General Medical Council (GMC), Government Cannot Be Held To Ransom, Heather Tierney-Moore: Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Heidi Alexander: Former Labour Shadow Health Secretary, Improving Patient Safety, Inability to Back-Down Pragmatically (Pathological Inflexibility), Ipsos MORI Poll on Junior Doctors' Strike, James Scott: Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, JDC Executive, Jeremy Taylor (Chief Executive of National Voices), Joe Harrison: Milton Keynes NHS Foundation Trust, John Adler: University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Junior Doctors A&E Walkout: Reckless "Win At All Costs" Mentality, Junior Doctors Committee (JDC) of British Medical Association (BMA), Junior Doctors' All-Out Strike (Tuesday 26 and Wednesday 27 April 2016), Junior Doctors' Dispute: First Draft of History, Junior Doctors' Dispute: Timeline of the Dispute, Junior Doctors' Strike Risks Patient Safety (Jeremy Hunt), Junior Doctors: Contract Dispute of 2015, Junior Doctors' Experiences, Junior Doctors' High Levels of Discontent (Review), Junior Doctors' Morale Wellbeing and Quality of Life, Just Health: NHS Staff Campaign Group, Katherine Murphy, Katherine Murphy: Chief Executive of the Patients Association, Lose - Lose Stand-Off: Impasse Over Junior Doctors' Dispute, Low Morale, Matthew Kershaw: East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Medical Director of NHS England: Professor Sir Bruce Keogh, Miles Scott: St George's University Hospitals NHS Trust, Misinformation: Conflation and Skewed Interpretations Behind Junior Doctors' Dispute, Monday to Friday Culture, Mortality, Mortality Associated With After Hours and Weekend Admissions, Mortality at the Weekend, Mythology of the Times, NatCen Social Research (NatCen), NHS Reform, NHS Reform in England, NHS Services Seven Days a Week, No Harm Culture, Opportunistic Conflation of Political Protest Generalised Dissatisfaction and BMA's Industrial Action, Orchestrated Intransigence, Patient Safety, Patient Safety Improvement, Patient Safety in the NHS, Payment Reform, Peer Pressure, Peer Pressure: Barrier to Objective Judgement, Perceived Erosion of Terms and Conditions for NHS Employees (Union Viewpoint), Perverse Incentives, Peter Homa: Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Peter Miller: Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Political Myopia, Professional Responsibilities, Professional Standards, Professor Dame Sally Davies, Professor Dame Sue Bailey: Chair of Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, Professor Don Berwick, Public Dissatisfaction With the NHS, Quality of Care at Weekend, Reform, Resistance to Change, Rob Webster: NHS Confederation, Robert Woolley: University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Safeguards on Excessive Working Hours, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Sandwell Hospital, Saturday Premium Pay, Save Our NHS: We Had To Destroy the Village In Order To Save It (Classic Vietnam War Paraphrase), Seven-Day Hospital Services, Seven-Day Working, Sheena Cumiskey: Cheshire and Wirral Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Simon Stevens: Chief Executive of NHS England, Sir Andrew Cash: Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sir David Dalton: Chief Executive of Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Sir David Dalton: Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Sir Leonard Fenwick: The Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Sir Robert Francis QC, Sonia Swart: Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust, Stephen Dunn: West Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Strike Over a Saturday Premium Pay (Self-Interest), Susan Acott: Dartford and Gravesham NHS Foundation Trust, Sustainability, Sustainable Funding, Sustainable Health and Care Services, System Re-Design, Thinking Like a Patient and Acting Like a Taxpayer, Unspoken Political Context: Weaponising the NHS (Speculative Construct), Urgent and Emergency Care, Variations in Quality of Care, Vested Interests, Weekend Effect, Weekend Hospitalisation and Additional Risk of Death, Weekend Mortality for Emergency Admissions, Weekend Working, Wigan and Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, Workforce Challenges in Emergency Medicine, Workforce Issues (Feeling Undervalued)	| Leave a comment
English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Challenges Some Stereotypes About Older People and Sexuality (BBC News / Archives of Sexual Behavior)
Posted on June 30, 2015	by Dementia and Elderly Care News
Summary A survey conducted by the University of Manchester indicates that 54% of men and 31% of women over the age of 70 are sexually active. Sexuality and the need for intimacy among older people have been overlooked previously. The … Continue reading →
Posted in BBC News, Community Care, For Carers (mostly), For Nurses and Therapists (mostly), For Researchers (mostly), For Social Workers (mostly), In the News, International, Management of Condition, Person-Centred Care, Personalisation, Quick Insights, Statistics, UK, Universal Interest	| Tagged Ageing Population, Archives of Sexual Behavior, Attitudes to Ageing, Awareness of Relationships, Barriers to the Expression of Sexuality, BBC Health, Care Homes, Caroline Abrahams: Director of Age UK, Cathie Marsh Institute for Social Research: University of Manchester, Concerns About Sexual Health, Dawne Garrett: Older People's Adviser at Royal College of Nursing, Department for Communities and Local Government, Department for Transport, Department for Work and Pensions, Department of Health, ELSA: English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (Wave 6), Expressions of Intimacy, Institute of Brain Behaviour and Mental Health: University of Manchester, Institute of Psychological Sciences: University of Leeds, Intimacy, Lois Weaver: Queen Mary University of London, Love and Intimacy in Later Life, NatCen Social Research (NatCen), News, Office for National Statistics, Older People and Sexuality, Older People Living in Care Homes, Sexual Activity Levels, Sexual Behaviours, Sexual Expression in Later Life, Sexual Functioning, Sexual Health and Well-being Among Older Men and Women in England, Sexual Relationships and Activities Questionnaire (SRA-Q), Sexuality, Sexuality and Care Homes, Sexuality in Care Settings, Stereotypes, Stigma, Taboo of Sex in Care Homes, University of Leeds, University of Manchester, University of Manchester's School of Social Sciences, US National Institute on Aging, What Tammy Needs to Know About Getting Old and Having Sex (Drama)	| Leave a comment
Obesity Risk a Dementia Time Bomb? (BBC News / UK Health Forum / European Congress on Obesity / NHS Choices / WHO / BMJ)
Posted on May 12, 2013	by Dementia and Elderly Care News
Summary Previous research in 2011 has shown that being overweight in middle age increases the risk of developing dementia. Data presented today at the European Congress on Obesity suggests slowing the rise in obesity could help to cut the rising rates of dementia. … Continue reading →
Posted in Alzheimer's Society, BBC News, For Carers (mostly), For Nurses and Therapists (mostly), For Researchers (mostly), In the News, International, National, NHS Digital (Previously NHS Choices), Practical Advice, Proposed for Next Newsletter, Public Health England, Quick Insights, Statistics, UK, Universal Interest, World Health Organization (WHO)	| Tagged Action on Sugar, Active People Survey, Active People Survey: Sport England, Added Sugars, Adult Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, Advertising of Sugary Foods, Advertising Restrictions, Alzheimer's Disease: Risk Factors, Association for Nutrition's Workforce Competence Model, BBC Science News, Behind the Headlines, BHF: British Heart Foundation, Binge Drinking and Overeating, BMA Board of Science, BMA's Food for Thought Report, BMA: British Medical Association, BMI: Body Mass Index, BMJ, Body Mass Index (BMI), British Heart Foundation, British Medical Association, British Medical Association (BMA), British Medical Journal (BMJ), 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Wellcome Trust, WHO: World Health Organization, World Action on Salt and Health (WASH), World Health Organization, World Obesity Federation	| 1 Comment


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CMS has has never recognized the service componet of our industry.
I wonder what our mititary would do if the government put their equipment in a competitive bid program?
How about the Battle ships, Tanks and Jet fighters being a capped rental item.
Can you imagine the manufactures being responsible to deliver and maintain them over a 13 month period and maybe lucky to break even?
I have been in the industry for 37 years. I have stopped saying it can't get any worse a long time ago.


text:
\section{Introduction}
Geometrically frustrated lattices~\cite{1,2,3,4,hxh,5,14prb,15prb} have exotic quantum states and rich phase diagrams since the antiparallel alignment of adjacent spins cannot be fully satisfied due to the energy competing. Among of them the Shastry-Sutherland lattice (SSL) is one of the simplest systems, which alternates diagonal links located on a square lattice. Compounds with topology equivalent to SSL, such as $\mathrm{SrCu_2(BO_3)_2}$, $\mathrm{Yb_2Pt_2Pb}$,~\cite{akoga,whz1,16,18,19,20,mk1,mk2,su} have been synthesized and provided an excellent platform to study the effects of frustration on the correlated electron systems.

Various analytical methods and numerical techniques have been employed to study the SSL.~\cite{dca,chc,ala,dav,sel,sha,haidi} From the viewpoint of localized two dimensional Heisenberg Hamiltonian, the original paper gave an exactly analytical solvable ground state~\cite{13}, which is the production of valence-bond dimer singlets on the disjointed diagonal links when the ratio of exchange coupling on diagonal bonds and that on $x$-axes $\alpha=J_{diag}/J_{x}>1.5$.~\cite{akoga,whz1} While for small $\alpha$, the N\'{e}el states will become the ground state since a SSL tends to degenerate to square lattice. Between the dimer-singlet state and the N\'{e}el state, many intermediate phases~\cite{mal,wzh2,pco,hxh2,zhen} and the magnetization plateaus~\cite{ssmag,ssmag1,ssmag2,Trinh} have also been reported.

The lately realized frustrated Lieb lattice~\cite{fla1,fla2,fla3,fla20,zhi} and the paradigmatic frustrated Kagom\'{e} lattice
have unpredicted properties owing to the flat-band structure.~\cite{fla18,ssmag,fla1} Moreover, the frustrated graphene sheets lead the system displaying a Mott-like insulator due to the strong electron correlation.~\cite{yuan} SSL can be constructed as a quasi-flat-banded, frustrated and correlated electron system based on $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model and it motivates us to study the intriguing metal-insulator transition systematically.

Considering the itinerant electron behaviors, the $t$-$J$ model has been used to study the possible superconducting phase on SSL,~\cite{hxh2,chunghouchung} and the Hubbard model has been used to clarify the metal-insulator transition at around the half-filling.~\cite{haidi} However, insulator-metal phase transition on SSL at finite doping and the finite temperature is still lacking investigation theoretically as far as we have known.

In the present paper, we mainly focus on the study of intriguing insulator-metal phase transition on SSL by using a $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model in the framework of Slave-Boson (SB) approach.~\cite{ale,cts,kot,yuanqsh} Once the mean-field order parameters are self-consistently calculated, the band structure and Fermi surface topology can be evaluated straightforwardly. Based on the linear-response theory, the temperature dependent Drude weight proportionally to the electrical conductivity is also investigated. The effect of the finite third nearest-neighbor (n.n.) hopping term $t_3$ on the flat band structure will also be addressed in the appendix.

Besides the unfrustrated square lattice, lots of unpredicted properties will arise from the disjointed diagonal frustrated parameters $t_2$ and $J_2$ on the SSL. Strong electron-electron interaction will separate the energy bands into two subspaces at weak dopings, and the system displays an insulating state with SDW order (SDW-Ins) and absence of Fermi surface, which is robust against $t_2$, $J_2$ with tiny Drude weight. At high doping levels, the system enters into a metallic phase, which is separated as SDW metallic (SDW-M) phase and paramagnetic metallic (PM-M) phase depending on whether the staggered magnetic order is finite.

The rest of this paper is organized as follows. In Sec.~\ref{model}, we will introduce the theoretical model and the corresponding analytical formalism. The detailed calculated phase diagram is shown in Sec.~\ref{phasediagram}. In Sec.~\ref{temperature_effects}, we will turn to discuss the temperature dependent effects on the calculated physical quantities. At last, a summary is given in Sec.~\ref{summary}.

\section{Model Hamiltonian and formula}\label{model}

\begin{figure}
\centering
      \includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{F1.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) (a) Schematic illustration of SSL, $i=1..4$ denoting the four different sublattices. Order parameters on the dark links belong to the same unit cell. Note that $1\rightarrow2$ and $2\rightarrow\textbf{\emph{1}}$ are two different links in one unit cell. $t_1$ , $J_1$ are on the n.n. links denoted by the red solid line, $t_2$, $J_2$ are on the diagonal links denoted by the blue dotted line, and $t_3$ on the third n.n. is denoted by the green dashed line. (b) The first Brillouin zone of SSL. $\Gamma$, M, K are the three high symmetry $\mathbf{k}$-points. (c) The energy band dispersion of the tight-binding model along the high symmetric line of M-K-$\Gamma$-M for the parameters of $t_1=\pm 1$, $t_2=0.3$, $t_3=0$ and $\delta=0.02$.}\label{fig1}
\end{figure}

We consider the $t_1$-$t_2$-$t_3$-$J_1$-$J_2$ phenomenological model to systematically study the frustrated SSL by using SB mean-field theory, where $t_3$ is set to zero without explicitly specified.
The crystal structure of SSL is illustrated in Fig.~\ref{fig1}(a). Within a unit cell, there are four inequivalent sites labeled by $1-4$, the hopping integral $t_1$ and spin exchange coupling $J_1$ are on the n.n. links, and $t_2$ and $J_2$ are on the diagonal links. Generally, the $t$-$J$ model can be derived analytically from the Hubbard model in the strong coupling limit with $J=4t^2/U$, where $U$ is the on-site Coulomb interaction in the Hubbard model. The generalized $t$-$J$ model with independent parameters of $t$ and $J$ can be used to describe the more complex systems, like SSL from the phenomenological viewpoint.
In real space the Hamiltonian reads
\begin{eqnarray}\label{Hamreal}
&H&=H_t+H_J-\mu_0\sum_i n_i=-t_1\sum_{\langle ij \rangle,\sigma}(\hat{c}^{\dag}_{i\sigma }\hat{c}_{j\sigma }+h.c.)\nonumber\\
&&-t_2\sum_{\langle ij \rangle_2,\sigma}(\hat{c}^{\dag}_{i\sigma }\hat{c}_{j\sigma }+h.c.)-t_3\sum_{\langle ij \rangle_3,\sigma}(\hat{c}^{\dag}_{i\sigma }\hat{c}_{j\sigma }+h.c.)\nonumber\\
&+&J_{1}\sum_{ \langle ij \rangle}  (\hat{S}_i \cdot \hat{S}_j-\frac{1}{4}\hat{n}_i\hat{n}_j)+J_{2}\sum_{ \langle ij \rangle_2 }  (\hat{S}_i \cdot \hat{S}_j-\frac{1}{4}\hat{n}_i\hat{n}_j)\nonumber\\
&-&\mu_0\sum_i n_i,
\end{eqnarray}
where $\sigma$ denotes spin,  $\langle \rangle$, $\langle \rangle_2$, $\langle \rangle_3$ represent the n.n., second n.n. and third n.n. sites, respectively, as shown in Fig.1(a), with
$\hat{S}_i=\frac{1}{2}(\hat{c}^{\dag}_{i\alpha}\mathbf{\sigma}_{\alpha\beta}\hat{c}_{i\beta})$ denoting the spin operator. For a strong coupling limit and hole-doped case, $\hat{c}_{j\sigma }=c_{j\sigma }(1-\mathfrak{n}_{j\bar{\sigma}})$ means annihilating an electron on a single occupied site with $(1-\mathfrak{n}_{j\bar{\sigma}})\simeq1$, and $\hat{c}^{\dag}_{i\sigma }=(1-\mathfrak{n}_{i\bar{\sigma}})c^{\dag}_{i\sigma }$ represents creating an electron on an empty site with $(1-\mathfrak{n}_{i\bar{\sigma}})\simeq \delta$, $\mathfrak{n}$ representing the occupation number of real electrons and $\delta$ describing the hole-doped concentration. SB~\cite{ale,cts,kot,yuanqsh} approach allows a physical description of the electron correlated effects, by writing $\hat{c}_{i\sigma}=b^{\dag}_if_{i\sigma}$ with $b_i$ Boson holon operator and $f_{i\sigma}$ the Fermionic spinon operator.
Without double occupancy constraint, $b_i^{\dag} b_i+\Sigma_{\sigma} f_{i\sigma}^{\dag}f_{i\sigma}=1$ has to be satisfied and is imposed on the Hamiltonian through a Lagrange multiplier, thus $\mu_0$ in Eq. (\ref{Hamreal}) changes to $\mu$ hereafter, which is the chemical potential and controls the electronic concentrations $n_i=\sum_{\sigma}n_{i\sigma}=\sum_{\sigma}f^{\dag}_{i\sigma}f_{i\sigma}$. After defining the staggered magnetic order $m=(-1)^{i}\langle n_{i\uparrow}-n_{i\downarrow}\rangle/2$, we obtain the relation $\langle n_{i\sigma}\rangle=(1-\delta)/2+\sigma(-1)^i m$.
In the static SB approximation, the boson condensation is assumed $\langle b_i^{\dag} b_i\rangle=\delta$ since the bosonic fluctuations are suppressed.

Introducing the mean-field bond order $\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}=\langle f^{\
\dag}_{i\sigma}f_{j\sigma}\rangle$, spin coupling interaction in mean-field level reads
\begin{eqnarray}\label{Hamj}
H_J&=&-\Sigma_{\langle ij \rangle,\langle ij \rangle_2,\sigma} \frac{J_{ij}}{2}[c^{\dag}_{i\sigma}c^{\dag}_{j\bar{\sigma}}c_{i\bar{\sigma}}c_{j\sigma}-c^{\dag}_{i\sigma}c^{\dag}_{j\bar{\sigma}}c_{i\sigma}c_{j\bar{\sigma}}]\nonumber\\
&=&-\Sigma_{\langle ij \rangle,\langle ij \rangle_2, \sigma} \frac{J_{ij}}{2}[\langle n_{i\sigma}\rangle f^{\dag}_{j\bar{\sigma}}f_{j\bar{\sigma}} +\langle n_{j\sigma}\rangle f^{\dag}_{i\bar{\sigma}}f_{i\bar{\sigma}}\nonumber\\
&+&\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}f^{\dag}_{j\bar{\sigma}}f_{i\bar{\sigma}}+\chi^{\sigma}_{ji}f^{\dag}_{i\bar{\sigma}}f_{j\bar{\sigma}}],
\end{eqnarray}
where $J_{ij}$ equals $J_1$ on the n.n. links and $J_2$ on diagonal links, otherwise it is zero, shown in Fig.~\ref{fig1}(a). Since we are interested in the insulator-metal transition, the superconducting order is ignored for simplify.~\cite{pwl}
In the momentum $\mathbf{k}$ space, the Hamiltonian is expressed as $\psi^{\dag} [H_k-\mu]\psi$ after dropping a constant term, where $\psi^{\dag}=[f^{\dag}_{1\uparrow}(k)...f^{\dag}_{4\uparrow}(k),f^{\dag}_{1\downarrow}(k)...f^{\dag}_{4\downarrow}(k)]$, and
\begin{eqnarray}\label{1}
 H_k&=&\left(
 \begin{array}{cc}
 H_{t,k}+ H^{\uparrow}_{J,k} & 0 \\
 0 & H_{t,k}+H^{\downarrow}_{J,k} \\
 \end{array}
 \right),\\
 H_{t,k}&=&\delta \left(
  \begin{array}{cccc}
     t_3a_3    &-2t_1\cos{k_x}     & -t_2 e^{-\mathrm{i}(k_x+k_y)}  & -2t_1\cos{k_y} \\
    -2t_1\cos{k_x}      & t_3a_3    & -2t_1\cos{k_y}  & -t_2 e^{-\mathrm{i}(k_x-k_y)} \\
    -t_2 e^{\mathrm{i}(k_x+k_y)} & -2t_1\cos{k_y} & t_3a_3 & -2t_1 \cos{k_x} \\
    -2t_1\cos{k_y}   & -t_2 e^{\mathrm{i}(k_x-k_y)} & -2t_1\cos{k_x} & t_3a_3 \\
  \end{array}
\right), \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
with $a_3=-2(\cos{2k_x}+\cos{2k_y})$, and $\mathbf{k}$ is restricted in the first Brillouin zone as shown in Fig.~\ref{fig1}(b). In the deduction $\langle b^{\dag}_ib_j \rangle$ is approximated as $\delta$, and $b_ib_jb^{\dag}_ib^{\dag}_j$ is replaced by unity. In the following $|t_1|$ and the distance between the n.n. site are set as  energy unit and  length unit, respectively.
It is easy to prove that $\pm t_1$ will give the same energy band dispersions for the tight-binding model $H_{t,k}$.
For the special range $k_x=k_y$, one of the band dispersion of $H_{t,k}$ has a simply analytical expression as
\begin{eqnarray}\label{2}
\epsilon=\delta( t_3a_3+t_2),
\end{eqnarray}
which is a constant for $t_3=0$, indicating a quasi-flat band represented by the flat segment from K to $\Gamma$ shown in Fig.~\ref{fig1}(c).

Interaction Hamiltonian $ H^{\sigma=\uparrow,\downarrow}_{J,k}$ depends on spin indexes, for example $H^{\sigma}_{J,k}(1,2)=-0.5J_1  (\chi^{\bar{\sigma}}_{21}e^{\mathrm{i}k_x}+\chi^{\bar{\sigma}}_{2\textbf{\emph{1}}}e^{-\mathrm{i}k_x} )$, $H^{\sigma}_J(2,4)=-0.5J_2 \chi^{\bar{\sigma}}_{42}e^{-\mathrm{i}(k_x-k_y)}$,
where the $\chi^{\sigma}_{21}$ and $\chi^{\sigma}_{2\textbf{\emph{1}}}$ are on different links shown in the Fig.~\ref{fig1}(a), and the diagonal element $H^{\sigma}_{J,k}(1,1)$ reads
$-J_1(1-\delta-\sigma2m)-0.25J_2(1-\delta+\sigma2m)$. In the Hamiltonian $m$, $\mu$ as well as the $20$ mean-field $\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}$ are self-consistently calculated.

In the presence of a slowly varying vector potential $\textbf{A}$
along $x$-direction, the associated Peierls phase is $ c^{\dag}_{i\sigma}c_{j\sigma}\exp{\mathrm{i}\frac{e}{\hbar
c}\int^{r_i}_{r_j}\textbf{A}(\textbf{r},t)\cdot \mathrm{d} \textbf{r}}$, and the charge current density can be decomposed into diamagnetic and paramagnetic part $J_x(r_i)=eJ^{p}_x(r_i)+e^2K_x(r_i)\textbf{A}_x(r_i,t)$, where
\begin{eqnarray}\label{curr}
K_x(r_i)&=&-\delta\sum_{\sigma j}t_{ij}(f^{\dag}_{i\sigma}f_{j,\sigma}+H.c.),\\
J^P_x(r_i)&=&-\mathrm{i}\delta\sum_{\sigma j}t_{ij}(f^{\dag}_{i\sigma}f_{j,\sigma}-H.c.),
\end{eqnarray}
with $j=i+\vec{x}, i+\vec{x}\pm \vec{y}$. Applying the linear response theory, the Drude weight $\frac{D}{\pi e^2}=\frac{1}{N}\Pi_{xx}(\textbf{q}=0,\omega\rightarrow 0)-\langle K_x \rangle_0$, a measurement of the ratio of density of mobile chargers to their mass, can be evaluated straightforwardly.~\cite{1d,2d,3d,4d,5d} The current-current correlation reads $\Pi_{xx}(\textbf{q},\tau)=-\langle T_{\tau} J^P_x(\textbf{q},\tau)J^P_x(-\textbf{q},0)\rangle_0$ with $J^P_x(\textbf{q},\tau)=e^{\tau H}J^P_x(\textbf{q}) e^{-\tau H}$, $\mathrm{T}_{\tau}$ time ordering operator, $\tau$ imaginary time, and $J^P_x(\textbf{q})=\sum_i e^{-\mathrm{i}\textbf{q}\cdot r_i}J^P_x(r_i)$. Here it should be noted that for an insulating phase $D$ is close to zero, whereas $D$ is finite for a metallic phase.

The diamagnetic current $K_x$ is easy to derive since it needs to be calculated to zeroth order of $\textbf{A}$. The current correlated function is expressed as  $\Pi_{xx}(q,\tau)=\frac{1}{\beta}\sum_{n}\Pi_{xx}(q,\mathrm{i}\omega_n)e^{-\mathrm{i}\omega_n\tau}$
in the Matsubara formalism. It can be expressed as
\begin{eqnarray}\label{para}
\Pi_{xx}(\textbf{q},\mathrm{i}\omega)
            \!\!=\!\!\!\!\!\sum_{{\bf{k}}m_1m_2} \!\! \frac{ Y_{m_1m_2}(k)Y_{m_2m_1}(k)(\mathbb{F}(E_{{\bf{k}},m_1})-\mathbb{F}(E_{{\bf{k}},m_2}) ) }{\mathrm{i}\omega+(E_{{\bf{k}},m_1}-E_{{\bf{k}},m_2})},
\end{eqnarray}
by using the equation of motion, where $\mathbb{F}$ is the Fermi distribution function, $Y_{m_1m_2}(k)$ is a lengthy straightforward function of transformation matrix $\mathbb{T}$, obtained in the process of diagonalizing $H_k$. Through analytic continuation of $\Pi_{xx}(q,\mathrm{i}\omega)|_{i\omega=\omega+i\eta}$, $\Pi_{xx}(\textbf{q},\omega)$ appearing in the expression of $D$ is obtained.

Throughout the this paper, we use the parameters of $t_1=\pm1$ and $J_1=0.3$, by following the previous studies on the square lattice,~\cite{yuanqsh,tto,tkl,pwl} and these choices do not affect on the physical discussions. The number of unit cell in the self-consistent calculation is $N=128\times 128$ with the accuracy less than $10^{-4}$, while in the calculations of density of state (DOS), Drude weight $D$ and the band structure are used $N=640\times 640$.
Since there are $16$ n.n. bond orders, which can be divided into two groups with $ \chi^{\uparrow}_{4\textbf{\emph{1}}}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{3\textbf{\emph{2}}}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{3\textbf{\emph{4}}}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{2\textbf{\emph{1}}}=
\chi^{\downarrow}_{43}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{23}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{12}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{14}$ and $ \chi^{\downarrow}_{4\textbf{\emph{1}}}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{3\textbf{\emph{2}}}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{3\textbf{\emph{4}}}=\chi^{\downarrow}_{2\textbf{\emph{1}}}=
\chi^{\uparrow}_{43}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{23}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{12}=\chi^{\uparrow}_{14}$ having a negligible difference, we use the average of them as parameter $\chi_{x,y}=\frac{1}{16}\sum_{\sigma i}\chi^{\sigma}_{ij=i+\vec{x},\vec{y}}, i=1..4$ for simplicity. Similarly, the average bond order on the diagonal links is denoted as $\chi_d=\frac{1}{4}\sum_{ \sigma}\chi^{\sigma}_{2,4}+\chi^{\sigma}_{3,\textbf{\emph{1}}}$.
Although we use $\chi_{x,y}$ and $\chi_d$ as parameters in the plots, in all calculations the exact $\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}$ are used.

\section{phase diagram at $T=0.001$}\label{phasediagram}

\begin{figure}
      \includegraphics[width=8.5cm]{F2.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) Doping dependent order parameters for fixed $t_2=0.3$ and four different $J_2$. (a) $\chi_{d}$ as function of $\delta$ for $t_1=\pm1.0$. (b) $\chi_{x,y}$ as function of $\delta$, the upper lines are for $t_1=1$ and the lower lines are for $t_1=-1.0$. (c) $|m|$ as function of $\delta$ for $t_1=\pm1.0$. }\label{fig4}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\centering
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{F3a.eps}
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{F3b.eps}
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{F3c.eps}
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{F3d.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) (a) Phase diagram of $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model on the $J_2/J_1$-$\delta$ plane for $t_2=0.3$. The blue solid line corresponds to the first order phase transition. (b) Phase diagram for $t_2=0.6$. The grey dashed line in $t_2=0.3(0.6)$ is the boundary of SDW-Ins phase for $t_2=0.6 (0.3)$.
(c) DOS of the point $J_2=0.9J_1,\delta=0.1$ for $t_2=0.3,0.6$, respectively.
(d) Energy dispersion of the quasi-flat band in the lower subset along the line of M-K-$\Gamma$-M for $ t_2=0.3$, $J_2=0.2J_1$. From down to up the curves corresponds to $\delta=0.01,0.02,0.04$, respectively.}\label{fig5}
\end{figure}

In this section we will discuss the phase diagram of $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model at $T=0.001$. With fixed $t_2=0.3$, Fig.~\ref{fig4} depicts the doping dependent mean-field order parameters for four different values of $J_2$.
It shows that the diagonal bond order $\chi_{d}$ and the magnetic order $|m|$ are equal for $t_1=\pm1$, whereas $\chi_{x,y}$ is equal in magnitude but has plus sign for $t_1=1$ and minus sign for $t_1=-1$.
The sign change of the mean-field $\chi_{x,y}$ along the short bond order under a hopping parameter switch $t_1\rightarrow-t_1$ shows that the band structure remains unchanged for $t_1=\pm 1$, therefore the sign of $t_1$ is an irrelevant quantity in our investigations.
The large $J_2$ prefers to enhance $|\chi|$ but suppress $|m|$, which is ascribed to the presence of competition between kinetic energy and magnetic order. From Fig.~\ref{fig4}(c) we can see that for $J_2=0$, $|m|$ versus $\delta$ is a smooth curve, while for  $J_2>0.45J_1$, $|m|$ drops to zero abruptly and corresponds to the occurrence of the first order phase transition. At zero doping all kinds of $\chi=0$, finite doping leads to finite $\chi$ ascribing to the characteristic of itinerate electrons.

\begin{figure}
\centering
       \includegraphics[width=7.2cm]{F4a.eps}
       \includegraphics[width=7.2cm]{F4b.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) For $t_2=0.3$, the energy band dispersions along the high symmetric line M-K-$\Gamma$-M for the four selected set of $J_2$ and doping. The grey dashed lines denote the Fermi level. The inset of (c) is the corresponding Fermi surface topology. }\label{fig6}
\end{figure}

Fig.~\ref{fig5}(a) and (b) show the phase diagram on the $J_2/J_1$-$\delta$ plane for fixed $t_2=0.3$ and $0.6$, respectively. The remarkable feature is that the area of SDW-Ins phase almost remains the same for different values of $t_2$, while the area of SDW-M phase shrinks as increasing the $t_2$. The point $J_2=0.9J_1,\delta=0.1$ denoted by the hollow square locates in the SDW-M phase for $t_2=0.3$, where the corresponding DOS $\rho$ is finite at $\omega=0$ with two pronounced peaks located at the edge of the spin gap [blue dotted line in Fig.~\ref{fig5}(c)], while it locates in PM-M phase for $t_2=0.6$, with a pronounced in-gap resonance peak arising [red solid line in Fig.~\ref{fig5}(c)], suggesting a highly DOS due to the vanishing $|m|$.

The strong electron-electron interaction separates the energy bands into two subspaces at small dopings. For $J_2=0.2J_1$ and $t_2=0.3$, Fig.~\ref{fig5}(d) shows the band dispersion along the line of high symmetric M-K-$\Gamma$-M for the quasi-flat band $E_{4,k}$,
which is the top band in the lower subspace. We find that in the SDW-Ins phase, a finite distance between the low-energy bands and the Fermi level exists, and $E_{4,k}$ is much closer to the Fermi level for higher doping. Numerical calculations show that on the flat segment electron concentration is $\langle n_p(k)\rangle=0.968, 0.881, 0.579$ for $\delta=0.01, 0.02, 0.04$, which equals to the Fermi distribution function.

\begin{figure}
      \includegraphics[width=8cm]{F5.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) The map of spectral weight of $\omega=0$ for $t_2=0.3$ and $J_2=0.9J_1$ in the $\mathbf{k}$ space with (a) corresponding to SDM-M phase at $\delta=0.06$ and (b) corresponding to PM-M phase at $\delta=0.14$.
}\label{ferm1}
\end{figure}

Taking $t_2=0.3$ as an example, we show the energy band structure in the whole energy range in Fig.~\ref{fig6}. For an undoped case, the system displays an insulating phase. For $J_2=0$ and $\delta=0.02$, the system is in SDW-Ins phase with band structure looking like two straight lines. At $\delta=0.06$ [see panel (b)], the system is in SDW-M phase, and the eight bands are well separated with the flat segment of $E_{4,k}$ slightly above the Fermi level. As shown in Fig.~\ref{fig6} (b) and (c), the larger frustration $J_2$ will
gradually suppress the height of the upper bands and diminish the SDW gap. The inset of Fig.~\ref{fig6} (c) shows the corresponding Fermi surface of the SDW-M phase. For $J_2=0.9J_1$ and $\delta=0.14$, the low and high energy bands will be touched, and the system will be driven into the PM-M phase with the eight bands degenerated into four bands. In all cases, the flat segment from M to $\Gamma$ remains the same features.

The distribution function of occupation numbers in the $\mathbf{k}$ space can be expressed as $n_k=\int d\omega A(k,\omega)f(\omega)$, where the spectral function
$A(k,\omega)=-\frac{\delta}{\pi}\mathrm{Im} \frac{1}{4}\sum_i\mathcal{G}_i(\textbf{k},\mathrm{i}\omega)|_{\mathrm{i}\omega=\omega+\mathrm{i}0^{+}}$ is the imaginary part of the single-particle Green's function multiplied by $-1/\pi$, giving the correlation of the electron creation and annihilation operations. For each sublattice $\mathcal{G}_i(\textbf{k},\mathrm{i}\omega)=\int^{\beta}_0 -T_{\tau}\langle f_{i k}(\tau)f^{\dag}_{i k}(0) \rangle e^{\mathrm{i}\omega\tau}$ is a function of  transformation matrix and $\mathcal{G}^0_n(\textbf{k},\mathrm{i}\omega)=1/(\mathrm{i}\omega-E_{n,k}))$.
For an interaction system single-particle Green's function or $A(k,\omega)$ carries information about the underlying potential and no longer concentrated at single energy like that in non-interaction systems. Experimentally, the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiment is often used to detect the single-particle information and the Fermi surface topologies. To qualitatively compare with the ARPES measurements, the spectral weight is evaluated, which is obtained by integrating the spectral function $A(k,\omega)$ times the Fermi distribution function over an energy interval of $[-0.01,0.01]$ around $\omega$. The corresponding Fermi surface topology is set $\omega=0$ and shown in Fig.~\ref{ferm1}. In the SDW-Ins phase, the map of spectral weight is invisible, which is a typical feature of insulating state. For $t_2=0.3$, $J_2=0.9J_1$, and $\delta=0.06$, the system locates in the SDW-M phase, the corresponding map of spectral weight is shown in Fig.~\ref{ferm1}(a). As doping
increases to $\delta=0.14$, the system locates in the PM-M phase, the corresponding spectral weight is depicted in Fig.~\ref{ferm1}(b), which is quite different to that of Fig.~\ref{ferm1}(a).

At the end of this section, two remarks should be noted that the phase diagram on the plane of $t_2$-$\delta$ is similar to that on the plane of $J_2/J_1$-$\delta$ shown in Fig.~\ref{fig5}. For a finite hopping $t_3$, the area of SDW-Ins phase will shrink remarkably, and the detailed results are presented in the appendix.

\section {temperature dependence calculations}\label{temperature_effects}

\begin{figure}
\centering
       \includegraphics[width=8cm]{F6a.eps}
       \includegraphics[width=8cm]{F6b.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) For $t_2=0.3$ and $J_2=0$, the energy band dispersions along the high symmetric $\mathbf{k}$-point line M-K-$\Gamma$-M for different $T$ at $\delta=0.02$ and $\delta=0.06$, respectively. The violet dotted lines are the corresponding DOS for $\delta=0.02$, and the grey dashed lines denote the Fermi level.}\label{fig8}
\end{figure}

We then turn to discuss the temperature dependent properties using the parameters of $J_2=0$ and $t_2=0.3$. At sufficiently high temperature, $|m|$ will vanish, both the SDW-Ins and SDW-M phases will transit into the PM-M phase accompanying with the disappearance of $\Delta_{SDW}$ and $\Delta_{Fm}$.
We find that all bands move downward as $T$ is increased from $0.001$ to the critical temperature of magnetic order $T_c(m)$, accompanying with enlargement of $|\Delta_{Fm}|$. Seen from Fig.~\ref{fig8}, the lower subbands of SDW-Ins phase is deep-lying the Fermi level by increasing the temperature for $x=0.02$. For $\delta=0.06$, it is interesting to point out that the distinct Fermi surface of $T=0.001$ disappears ascribing to the increasing temperature. Besides the strong evidence from the presence of Fermi surface for metal, the electrical conductivity  $\sigma_{xx}=D\delta(\omega)$ for zero frequency electric field is also evaluated numerically to solidify the nature of a metal, where $\delta(\omega)$ is the delta function.

\begin{figure}
\centering
      \includegraphics[width=7.0cm]{F7.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) For $t_2=0.3$ and $J_2=0$, (a) the Drude weight $D(\delta)$ as function of $\delta$ for $T=0.001$ and $0.1$, respectively. (b) The Drude weight $D(T)$ as function of $T$ with fixed $\delta=0.02$.}\label{fig10}
\end{figure}

For a single band system, the diamagnetic term determines the Drude weight. While for a multi-band system, the interplay among the bands below and above the Fermi level will induce a finite $\Pi_{xx}$ even at zero $T$ and is named as a geometric contribution.~\cite{fla2}
Fig.~\ref{fig10}(a) depicts the $D(\delta)$ as function of doping for $T=0.001$ and $T=0.1$, respectively.
In both cases the $D(\delta)$ monotonously increases as a function of doping, the higher doping levels correspond to the larger $D(\delta)$ and the more mobile charges. The Drude weight increases insignificantly at weak dopings, for $\delta=0.02$ it is $0.004$, and for $\delta=0.04$ it is $0.016$. For considerable large doping levels, the $|m|$ vanishes along with zero paramagnetic current due to the touching of energy subspaces, and the $D$ has a linear behavior versus doping. It is worth pointing out that the Drude weight is independent on the temperature at weak dopings since the two curves of $T=0.001$ and $0.1$ overlap for a small value of $\delta$.

Fig.~\ref{fig10}(b) shows the $D(T)$ as function of $T$ for $\delta=0.02$. In the SDW-Ins phase, the mobile charge remains unchanged value at various \textbf{$T<0.15$}.
As $T$ increasing up to $0.15$, the $D(T)$ jumps discontinuously and corresponds to a PM-M phase. Except for the half-filling, the $D$ is not exactly zero, instead of by a tiny value in the SDW-Ins phase.

\begin{figure}
\centering
      \includegraphics[width=4.0cm]{F7a.eps}
       \includegraphics[width=4.0cm]{F7b.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) (a) The phase diagram in $T$-$\delta$ plane for the parameters of $t_2=0.3$ and $J_2=0$. States in the left side of the grey dashed line denote the absence of Fermi surface. (b) Critical temperature of bond order $T_c(\chi)$ in $T$-$\delta$ plane. (c) $\Delta_{SDW}$ and $|\Delta_{Fm}|$
as a function of $T$ at the high symmetric point $M$ of the energy band $E_{4,k}$ for $\delta=0.02$.}\label{fig7}
\end{figure}

Phase diagram in the plane of $T$ vs $\delta$ is shown in Fig.~\ref{fig7}(a). As increasing the temperature $T$ from $0.001$, $|m|$ is obviously suppressed and approached zero at $T_c(m)$, whereas $\chi$ has negligible change in the range of [$0.001$,$T_c(m)$]. The system locates in the SDW-Ins phase for $x\leq0.04$ and $T<0.16$, with finite $\Delta_{SDW}$ and finite $\Delta_{Fm}$ as well as a small number of mobile charge. It will be transited into the PM-M phase when the temperature is beyond $T_c(m)$. If the doping level is larger than $0.04$, the system favors to stay in the SDW-M phase at low $T$, and then it will enter into the PM-M phase as the temperature is increased beyond $T_c(m)$, with large $\delta$ corresponding to low $T_c(m)$. In the SDW-M phase, the states located at the left side of the grey dashed line denote the absence of Fermi surface.

Fig.~\ref{fig7}(b) plots the critical temperature of $\chi$ denoted by $T_c(\chi)$ in the plane of T and $\delta$, above the curve all $\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}$ are zero, which will not influence on the division of the phase diagram in panel (a), since $T_c(\chi)$ is much higher than that of $m$. The movement of boson bond order $\langle b^{\dag}_{i}b_{j}\rangle$ follows that of fermion bond order $\chi^{\sigma}_{ij}$,~\cite{kp1,kp2,kp3} thus the Bosonic fluctuations only appear on a much higher energy scale and the Bonson condensation is assumed in our discussions.

Fig.~\ref{fig7}(c) depicts the $\Delta_{SDW}(M)$ and $|\Delta_{Fm}(M)|$ as function of $T$ at the high symmetric point $M$ on the flat band $E_{4,k}$ with fixed $\delta=0.02$. One can see that the $\Delta_{SDW}(M)$ monotonously decreases as $T$ increases,
while $|\Delta_{Fm}(M)|$ increases from $0.007$, and then drops as the system approaches the boundary of PM-M phase.

\section{summary}\label{summary}

SSL can be realized in a group of synthesized compound, where the exhibiting antiferromagnetic metallic phase has been reported within a specified range of parameters,~\cite{haidi} but the SDW-Ins phase defined in our discussions has rarely been mentioned since the flat-banded system has triggered intensive interests only recently by the realization of Lieb lattice. Based on SB mean-field theory we investigate the intriguing insulator-metal phase transition on SSL by using $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model. For the strongly correlated electron interactions, the lower bands and upper bands are well separated. SDW-Ins phase is resulted from the quasi-flat band in the range of $T=[0.001,0.15)$, $\delta\leq0.04$, displaying a finite $\Delta_{SDW}$ gap and a very tiny $D$ as well as the absence of Fermi surface. Only at half-filling, the Drude weight is exactly zero. The increasing of frustrated hopping $t_2$ and interaction $J_2$ almost are unaffected to the SDW-Ins phase.

The appearance of PM-M phase indicates the diminishing of magnetic order. The larger $t_2$ and $J_2$ as well as the larger doping will shrink the range of SDW-M phase since magnetic order is suppressed gradually. As $T$ is increased, the SDW-Ins phase and SDW-M phase will transit into the PM-M phase at the critical temperature. Although the Fermi surface of SDW-M phase will be immersed by higher $T$, due to the presence of the flat-band features, the Drude weight is robust against $T$.

Ascribing to the presence of the frustration and the special geometry of the lattice, SSL has a quasi-flat band, which localizes the electrons and leads to the appearance of SDW-Ins phase at low doping levels. The effects of doping, temperature, hopping and exchange coupling on the phase diagram of SSL are systemically studied, which provide a useful theoretical guidance for the understanding the nature of flat band and correlated insulating materials.

\section{acknowledgements}

We thank Prof. Yongping Zhang for discussions. This work was supported by the State Key Programs of China (Grant Nos. 2017YFA0304204 and 2016YFA0300504), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51672171, 11625416, and 11774218), and the Natural Science Foundation from Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BK20160094). W.L. also acknowledges the start-up funding from Fudan University. The fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU (SKLSP201703), the supercomputing services from AM-HPC, and Fok Ying Tung education foundation are also acknowledged.

\begin{appendix}
\setcounter{figure}{0}
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{A\arabic{figure}}

\section{finite $t_3$ destroys SDW-Ins phase  }

\begin{figure}
\centering
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{FA2a.eps}
      \includegraphics[width=4cm]{FA2b.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) For $T=0.001$ and $t_2=0.3$, (a) the phase diagram on $J_2/J_1$-$\delta$ plane for $t_3=-0.1$. (b) Variation of the top band of the low-energy space along the high symmetric $\mathbf{k}$-point line M-K-$\Gamma$-M for $J_2=0$ and $\delta=0.02$, where we take the different $t_3=-0.01,-0.03,-0.1$.}\label{fig11}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
      \includegraphics[width=9cm]{FA3.eps}
\caption{(Color Online) The map of spectral weight of $\omega=0$ in the $\mathbf{k}$ space for $T=0.001, t_2=0.3, J_2=0.9J_1, \delta=0.06$ with (a) $t_3=-0.1$ and (b) $t_3=0.1$.}\label{fa3}
\end{figure}

Since a finite $t_3$ changes the curvature of the quasi-flat band, it will affect on the SDW-Ins phase dramatically. Here we find that SDW-Ins
phase almost vanishes as $t_3$ increased to $|t_3|=0.1$ at $T=0.001$, shown in Fig.~\ref{fig11}(a).
Fig.~\ref{fig11}(b) shows the topmost band in the lower subspace for various $t_3$ at $\delta=0.02$. At a small value of $t_3=-0.01$, the flat segment from K to $\Gamma$ is sloped, and the symmetry between M-K and $\Gamma$-M is broken. As further increasing $|t_3|$, the $E_{4,k}$ band will be dispersive significantly. Thus we conclude that a tiny value of $t_3$ will shrink the area of SDW-Ins phase remarkably due to the disturbing flat band.

Although both the positive and minus $t_3$ will change the curvature of the flat bands, they have a different topology of Fermi surface. For the minus value of $t_3=-0.1$, the pockets of Fermi surface locate at around the center point of $\Gamma$, while for the positive value of $t_3=0.1$, the Fermi surface becomes disconnected sheets at around the four points of $(\pm \pi/2,\pm \pi/2)$ in the first Brillouin zone.
The corresponding maps of the spectral weight also have quite different patterns, which are shown in Fig.~\ref{fa3}.

\section{electronic doping }

General speaking, SB theory is widely used in the hole-doped case where there is no double occupied site. In fact after particle-hole transformation, it can also be applied in electron-doped case.

Deviated from half-filling in electron-doped case, an electron can propagate from a double occupied site to a single occupied site $n_{i\bar{\sigma}}c^{\dag}_{i\sigma}c_{j\sigma}n_{j\bar{\sigma}}$, here $n_{j\bar{\sigma}}\approx \delta$ and $n_{i\bar{\sigma}}\approx 1$. After particle-hole transformation $c^{\dag}_{i\sigma}=c_{i\sigma}\xi_i$, the above expression can be rewritten as $-(1-n_{i\bar{\sigma}})c^{\dag}_{j\sigma}c_{i\sigma}(1-n_{j\bar{\sigma}})\xi_i\xi_j$, which looks like the form of hole-doped case. The sign of $\xi_i=\pm1$ depends on which sublattice $i$ belongs to. The four particle interaction Hamiltonian has the same form in the particle-hole transformation. Thus we can deal the electron- and hole- doped cases in the same manner as we choosing a special $\xi_i$.

On the mean-field described $t_1$-$t_2$-$J_1$-$J_2$ SSL, after the particle-hole transformation of $\xi_i=(-1)^i, i=1...4$, and taking $t_1=-t_1$ simultaneously,
kinetic Hamiltonian transforms as $H_{t,k}\rightarrow -H^*_{t,k}$. The interaction Hamiltonian can also be changed into $ H^{\sigma}_{J,k}\rightarrow-H^{*\sigma}_{J,k}$,
as long as mean-field $\chi$ changes as $\chi^{\sigma}_{i,j}\rightarrow\chi^{\sigma}_{i,j}$ on diagonal links, and $\chi^{\sigma}_{i,j}\rightarrow-\chi^{\sigma}_{i,j}$ on n.n. links.
In addition, it can be  proved that $H_k=H_k^*$ by changing $k_x\rightarrow-k_x,k_y\rightarrow-k_y$ in Eq.(\ref{1}).
Therefore particle-hole transformations along with minus sign of $t_1$ will transform $H_k\rightarrow -H_k$ in our discussions. Thus doping electrons actually means doping holes in our
treatment, with the energy band being inverted $E_n\rightarrow -E_n$.

\end{appendix}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Dive right in and have some FUNN on the Heart 2 Heart Challenge Blog this week!
After all, you never know what you'll find in the water!
Products are ALL Close To My Heart.
Various colors including Cotton Candy, Sunflower, Sunset, Sky, Pacifica, and Pear.
Then there is the Glitter Gel!
Be sure to get your orders in for the August Cruisin' Pajama Party FUNN!
That is one colorful card! I LOVE IT!!
OH -MY -Goodness! You did have fun with the water challenge! Could those fish be any cuter and more colourful? And yes, liberal amounts of glitter gel just added to the FUNN. Well done and thanks so much for playing along at H2H.
I really love the use of white on your card!! And the pops of color from the fish are so fun!
Cute Cute card. Love the peeking starfish. Thanks Mary for sharing at H2H.
This is very nice…thanks for playing along @ H2H this week!
Now if this doesn't scream water fun … nothing will! Love the colors and all the "happy" on one small card!


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News & Politics / Activism / This porn star philosopher wants you to think like a rebel
This porn star philosopher wants you to think like a rebel
Against everyone
Posted Tuesday 6th August 2019 /
Text By Adam White
Photography © Al Higgins
Porn star. Activist. Radical philosopher. Conner Habib is barrelling through seemingly disparate worlds with the same mindset: a determination to set outdated ways of thinking alight.
Porn star. Activist. Author. Radical philosopher. Conner Habib is barrelling through seemingly disparate worlds with the same mindset: a determination to set outdated ways of thinking alight.
Growing up in industrial Pennsylvania, Conner Habib would drive along the highways, veering off-road to visit various cruising stops – places where men would congregate to have sex. Sometimes he'd arrive only to find himself alone, waiting for up to an hour before someone else would turn up.
For Conner, those moments of suspense turned out to be a large part of the appeal. "I began to realise that, actually, the waiting and the state of intense anticipation was always erotic for me," he says. "It wasn't just the consummation of the act with somebody, but also wanting the wanting itself."
That idea, of separating yourself for a moment to focus on what truly brings fulfilment, has stuck with Conner ever since. "The myth of capitalism is that our desires will be satisfied if we get shit," he goes on. "Instead, why not stand back and look at what you might truly be enjoying?
"Once you've decided to disengage in some way from the exhausting nexus of the market that connects you to everything, you start noticing things about yourself. You have the space to think through all of your nuances, shades, desires and drives. Once those start coming to light, it's one of the most pleasurable things in the world."
Spend just a few minutes in Conner's company and these kinds of connections feel entirely natural. Speaking via video chat from the loft of his Dublin home, he comes across as funny, frank and intimidatingly knowledgeable. It makes for a measured flow that's just as likely to contain references to "dicks" as it is Jacques Lacan or Rudolf Steiner – two of the many theorists who have helped shape his worldview.
It's also what makes his podcast, Against Everyone with Conner Habib, so engaging. Although the subject matter is eclectic – topics include radical philosophy, occultism, sexuality, science and literature – the thrust remains the same: only by rejecting conventional 'rules' of existence can we bring about real change.
Conner was raised by an Irish-American mother and Syrian father in a home he describes as "irreligious" – a place where easy explanations about the world were often difficult to find. Searching for his own answers, he once stole a book from the school library called Curses, Hexes and Voodoo Spells – his curiosity fuelled by an anti-authoritarian streak that had manifested early on.
"My whole life has been a struggle with this sense of authority, whether it's cultural or legal or just the idea that you're supposed to be obedient to certain people," he says. "For instance, I can't pinpoint the day or anything, but I remember being in school thinking, 'Why do I have to raise my hand to go to the bathroom?' And as soon as you think something like that, you're in trouble. The awareness brings a [sense of] confrontation that becomes inescapable from then on out, and you begin to resent the structure that you're embedded in."
After spending his teenage years immersed in the Pennsylvania punk scene, Conner studied fiction writing as well as organismic and evolutionary biology at the University of Massachusetts, while also teaching literature, creative writing and composition at both UMASS and Western New England College. He soon grew frustrated at the lack of discussion around sex in academia, which so often reduced sexuality – with all its experimental drives and impulses – to theoretical specifics.
"I went through a lot of my life thinking, 'Why are people threatened by images of sex, even though they're imagining them all the time?'"
In fact, for years, Conner had fantasised about actually being in porn – so much that it began to feel like a dream deferred. So, one day at the end of term, when his students asked what his plans were now that he'd finished grad school, he gave them an answer they were unlikely to hear ever again: "I think I'm going to move to San Francisco and become a porn star."
Once there, the opportunity he'd been hoping for cropped up while auditioning for a commercial. The same production crew ran a porn company and just straight up asked if he'd be interested. But on the way to the first shoot, Conner felt compelled to call a friend back in Massachusetts. He knew there was nothing to be ashamed of but, still, something didn't feel right.
His friend pointed out that, whereas most people work jobs because they believe they have to, Conner was about to do exactly what he wanted – a lightbulb moment that made him realise how absurd it is to feel bad about not feeling bad. He went on to feature in around 200 films, such as Crotch Rocket and Dad Goes to College, all while being a queer essayist and an advocate for sex workers' rights in his spare time.
Today Conner is 41, fuller than in his porn heyday but still strikingly handsome. His film work is currently on indefinite hiatus, largely due to the fact he's busy doing a PhD studying the stigma around paranormal experiences. If it hasn't become clear by now, Conner has more areas of expertise than can be possibly covered in one profile, let alone one conversation. But put in the simplest terms, he is a champion of free thought. That doesn't mean throwing a brick through the window of every higher power, he explains. It just means not automatically believing authority and instead investigating what feels true for you.
"It's not that I think that utopia is achievable," he says. "But it's that you ought to start pushing on the boundaries of what's imaginable. When you do that it opens up a whole range of possibilities for you and allows you to live your life in a different way.
"It sounds improbable for someone to say, 'Oh, there's that podcaster, sex worker, writer, philosopher dude…' But that just came from me imagining what I wanted. And I'd like to make those kinds of weird and unexpected paths through life easier for everyone to pursue."
This article appears in Huck: The Burnout Issue. Get a copy in the Huck shop or subscribe to make sure you never miss another issue.
Check out Against Everyone with Conner Habib.
Conner Habib
Huck 70
The Burnout Issue
Posted Tuesday 6th August, 2019
The criminal lawyer who was outed as a sex worker
How to rebuild
The joy of protest: how modern activists are beating burnout
Frontline optimism
A guide to unplugging from capitalism (for sanity's sake)
Doing nothing, finding everything
Huck: The Burnout Issue
The North East fishers taking on the Tories over die-offs
Stop the dredge
Mass crustacean die-offs in the North East have led a community of fishermen to take action to save their seas.
Unflinching photos from the streets of America's rust belt
Life in Harrisburg
Photographer Sean Maung reflects on documenting a small town in Pennsylvania afflicted by high levels of unemployment, poverty, violence, crime, and addiction.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


South London talent Tawiah is difficult to place.
Loosely operating within the future-soul realm, her gutsy performances are matched by a willingness to experiment.
Honing her voice on a debut EP and mixtape, Tawiah is able to provide something startlingly different while still getting her point across.
New cut 'Queens' was sculpted by co-producer Sam Beste, and it's repetitive phrasing really drives the point home.
Languid, luxurious soul music built from electronics, you can check it out below.
Tawiah's new EP 'Recreate' arrives on June 30th - pre-order LINK.


The beautiful barrel case of the Sinn 240 is being released in an exclusive limited edition for Chronos Magazine. Limited to 100 pieces, the 43mm watch features a silver electroplated rotating inner bezel with secondary time zone and an automatic Sellita-based movement that is both shock-resistant and anti-magnetic. You also get day/date functionality, luminous indexes, and alongside the metal bracelet the watch comes with an additional tan leather strap option.
The watchmaker's first mission timer returns in a limited run of 500 pieces.


Home / Blog / Is your business prepared?
Each year the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) and other Australian government agencies conduct audits, enquiries, investigations and reviews on businesses.
The ATO (and other relevant government bodies) focus can change from year to year, and the team at Accountancy Insurance (who are providers of our 'Audit Shield' service') have shared some insights into what areas may be on the radar, based on claims information from the current financial year.
Compared to the previous financial year (2014/2015), a notable increase has occurred in regards to the relevant state based revenue office's audit activity. In the states of WA, NSW and QLD, Payroll Tax audits are certainly on the rise and in VIC there has been a campaign aimed at collecting additional Land Tax in respect of land held in trusts which have been incorrectly registered as being held in a company.
The incidence of ATO Superannuation Guarantee reviews and audits continues to increase with a common theme in these claims being that they are instigated by disgruntled employees and contractors 'dobbing in' the employer to the ATO for unpaid superannuation entitlements. The Fair Work Ombudsman continues to ramp up their audit campaigns against employers not paying the correct wages and entitlements to employees in a number of industries and locations across Australia translating to an increase in these claims.
The media hype surrounding audit activity on Self Managed Superannuation Funds is prolific. In conjunction with the ATO's strategic shift to early engagement strategies and dispute resolution, these factors position the ATO for an increased focus on compliance activities.
If you are not already protected by our Audit Shield service, please talk to your accountant about your opportunity to participate in this optional service which covers you against the ramifications of potential audit activity.


we're a husband and wife wedding photography team based in Port STEPHENS AND COFFS HARBOUR.
Together, we bring a bold, EXCITING and authentic BRAND of photography to the WEDDING celebrations of our awesome couples.
Lynn and Justin have a talent which is so unique and produces absolutely amazing results. We couldn't be happier with our photos, but it does make it hard to pick a favorite as they are all so great! Justin and Lynn are an amazing couple and work perfectly well together to create a relaxing environment. You feel like you are just hanging out with friends and having a laugh. You will not be disappointed when you invite these two to capture your most precious moments.
Lynn and Justin were absolutely amazing. We were originally worried about feeling awkward in front of a camera but Lynn and Justin were such a relaxing influence and made the whole process feel so natural and fun. The photos they captured were top quality and truly breathtaking. They caught the magic in even the tiniest of moments and we will treasure our photos forever! We can't recommend them highly enough! Thank you Lynn and Justin for everything.
Lynn and Justin were amazing to work with, as well as fun and relaxed. Our photos were INCREDIBLE. Their work is nothing short of AMAZING. Would highly recommend these guys if you want talented photographers that are easy going and help make your day run smoothly like they did ours.
We want to tell your wedding story in the most interesting and highly immersive way that we can.
Capturing the countless unfiltered moments that are unique to your wedding and - when the time is right - creating natural, fun and dramatic portraits that don't look or feel contrived.
We'll take you beyond just seeing your wedding again - we'll help you feel it again.


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How will solar energy be used 20 years from now?
Posted by SEPCO | 2/20/18 10:00 AM
The future is always hard to predict. But by tracing current trends in energy use, the solar energy industry, and scientific research into the future, we can pull back the curtain just a bit to steal a glimpse of what solar power might look like in 2038.
You might not recognize solar panels in 20 years
Solar panels of tomorrow might look very different from the ones we use today. Researchers at Michigan State University have developed transparent solar panels that could be applied to just about anything. The researchers have suggested that their clear solar panels could be affixed to vehicles, buildings, windows, and even mobile phones.
While solar power accounts for less than two percent of all U.S. electricity generation today, if these transparent solar panels were installed on every glass surface in the country – some five to seven billion square meters – they could produce up to 40 percent of America's electricity.
At only five percent efficiency, the panels are far less efficient than traditional solar panels, which operate with an average efficiency rate of around 15 percent. But the technology is still in its infancy and will only improve in the coming decades.
Another solar product that will move the industry away from the current crop of blue and black panels is the solar shingle. Viewed from the street, solar shingles look like regular roof shingles. But each solar shingle contains a solar cell, and when they're linked in series, the shingles can generate as much energy as a solar panel setup of equivalent size.
Big-name companies like SolarCity (a Tesla subsidiary) and Dow have entered the solar shingle market in hopes of bringing solar energy to people who might be wary of installing clunky and unattractive solar panels on their roofs. Together, technologies like clear solar panels and solar shingles could bring solar energy into the mainstream (learn more about the best solar panels at PowerScout).
The materials that go into solar panels will also change. Manufacturers of cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and cordless power tools all rely on the same constellation of rare earth elements that solar panel makers do. Global reserves of these materials continue to dwindle, and scientists have long urged companies that produce high-tech gadgets to find replacements (like iron pyrite or zinc) and improve their metal recycling and recovery systems. Some companies have responded proactively: Apple, for instance, recovered over a ton of gold from discarded iPhones, iPads, and other products it collected in 2015. But a truly robust solar panel recycling infrastructure is still on the horizon.
Use of solar power will expand dramatically
As the fight against climate change accelerates, so too will demand for sources of renewable energy. Solar power will play a major role in mitigating climate change around the world.
Globally, solar energy accounts for just 1 percent of electricity production, but that figure is expected to rise to 16 percent by 2050. Analysts have suggested that while rooftop solar will increase, the most important expansion of solar energy will occur at the utility scale, which could reach the multi-terawatt level (equal to several trillion watts) by mid-century.
Most exciting of all, solar will spread to developing countries in the form of microgrids - decentralized electricity production setups that provide power for a limited area like a village, neighborhood, or a group of neighborhoods. Solar microgrids are an ideal pathway to electrification for rural communities in Africa, Southeast Asia, and elsewhere in the developing world where the electric utilities often find it too expensive to connect far-flung hamlets to the grid.
Solar technology will be better
To facilitate this expansion, government subsidies for the solar industry will become increasingly generous. Solar manufacturers will need these grants to invest in research and development that could improve solar panels' stability, efficiency, and ease of manufacture. These advances will ensure that solar remains both affordable and efficient.
The primary improvements will come from the use of new materials in the solar cells. For instance, instead of crystalline silicon, solar cells will probably be made using perovskite, a mineral discovered in the 19th century. Perovskite has only been used in solar applications since 2009, but it holds exciting possibilities. It's easier to manufacture a solar cell using perovskite than it is to manufacture one of crystalline silicon, and perovskite cells can channel photons more efficiently than silicon cells. While perovskite is not yet as durable as silicon, future advances will likely change that.
But with or without perovskite, efficiency rates will also continue to creep up just as they have for several years. While today's average panel efficiency rate hovers around 15 percent, analysts predict that by 2027, most premium solar panels will be at least 25 percent efficient. If that trend continues into the following decade, the average high-end panel in 2038 would be over 30 percent efficient.
Solar will be cheaper than ever
Economies of scale and reductions in the material costs will lead to even further declines in the price of solar energy. In almost every area of the solar energy industry, costs continue to decline. In 2012, for instance, installation costs for fixed-tilt utility-scale systems were $1.93 per watt. But last year, they cost less than $0.90 per watt. Residential costs have also been dropping steadily: in 2010, they cost about $7 per watt, but five years later they cost just $4 per watt, a 43 percent decline. And between the first quarter of 2017 and the first quarter of 2016, costs for residential systems declined around 6 percent.
Analysts predict that prices will drop by an average of 27 percent globally between 2017 and 2022. By then, utility-scale solar installations will cost less than coal-fired power plants in all developed economies. Indeed, in many places around the world (including some places in the U.S.) solar energy has already achieved grid parity – that is, the cost of solar energy is at or below the cost of purchasing energy from the grid.
Related technologies like batteries will also plummet in price. Last year, batteries cost about $273 per kilowatt-hour. By 2040, batteries will cost around $70 per kilowatt-hour.
The downward trend in costs across the industry is due not only to improvements in solar manufacturing, but also to generous financial incentives and the steady increase in solar installations.
China will continue to lead the world in solar production
China has long been an industry leader in the production of solar panels and hardware. Today, China controls 70 percent of the global trade in solar panels and leads the world in deployment of solar energy.
Much of China's advantage has to do with its large reserves of rare earth elements like tellurium and indium that are crucial to the production of solar panels. Even though its reserves of these metals are running low, China is heavily invested in research and development of solar technology, and will likely turn to substitutes or tap new reserves in Africa or elsewhere before 2038.
China will likely maintain its position of solar supremacy over the next two decades, and is expected to contribute 28 percent of all investment in power generation by 2040. Chinese-made solar panels tend to be both inexpensive and high in quality, and some of the larger Chinese solar companies are even attracting foreign investment.
The U.S., meanwhile, is moving in the opposite direction. Although the U.S. solar industry is currently growing 17 times faster than the rest of the economy, the generous investment tax credit is set to drop from 30 to 26 percent in 2020, then to 22 percent in 2021 before disappearing entirely in 2022. Tariffs on foreign panel makers also look increasingly likely. According to one analysis, if the Trump administration introduces tariffs, the American solar industry could lose an estimated 88,000 jobs, and installations would drop to just one-third of their normal level.
About the Author: Kyle Pennell is the Content Manager at PowerScout -- we help homeowners figure out if installing solar is right for them and get competitive bids from multiple installers. Our long-term mission is to accelerate the adoption of solar (and other smart home improvements), which will help mitigate climate change.
Topics: Guest Post, Green Ideas, Solar Power, Renewable Energy, Conservation
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Why Being Eco-Friendly is Beneficial for Branding
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Sites eager to boost their mining power and power generation reliability may benefit from contracting an independent power producer. Although short-term power solutions have their advantages,
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Pascal Siakam Trade Is Warriors' Best-Case Offseason Scenario
By Josh Schrock	• Published June 28, 2021 • Updated on June 29, 2021 at 10:46 am
Siakam trade would be Warriors' dream, but it's complicated originally appeared on NBC Sports Bayarea
Twenty-five months ago, the Warriors watched Pascal Siakam tear them apart on the game's biggest stage. The then-25-year-old put all his skills on display in dicing up the Warriors to the tune of 32 points on 14-for-17 shooting in the Toronto Raptors' Game 1 win in the 2019 NBA Finals.
Siakam's 82.4 percent in Game 1 marked the best shooting game of any player who took at least 15 shots against the Warriors during their five straight NBA Finals runs. Siakam killed the Warriors in transition, was 9-for-10 in the paint, 5-for-7 from 3-point range and scored half of his points when Draymond Green was his primary defender.
It was a coming-out party that set the stage for the Raptors' six-game NBA Finals win and sent the Warriors searching for answers following Kevin Durant's departure.
That search now has led the Warriors to this offseason, where, after two straight seasons missing the playoffs, they have to get Steph Curry, Klay Thompson and Green the help they need to ascend back to title-contention status.
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And the man who two years ago put his full arsenal on display in helping end the Warriors' run might be their best-case scenario.
On Monday, The Athletic's John Hollinger reported that there is "widespread expectation" around the NBA that the Warriors will shop young center James Wiseman and the No. 7 overall pick to upgrade their roster while mentioning Siakam as a name to keep an eye on.
With Wiseman, the No. 7 and No. 14 pick and Andrew Wiggins' contract, the Warriors have the ammo needed to go big-game hunting.
However, the Warriors' options, at least at the moment, are limited.
Bradley Beal doesn't seem to want to leave the Washington Wizards, a Damian Lillard trade isn't happening and Ben Simmons is the type of project the Warriors don't want to take on. Plus, his offensive game leaves a lot to be desired.
That perhaps leaves Siakam as the biggest fish in the waters this offseason, and one the Warriors would do backflips over landing.
The 6-foot-9 forward has the versatility to play three through five, is a good defender, can operate without the ball in his hands and is at his best when he's the second or third option, as he would be behind Curry and a healthy Klay Thompson.
In truth, Siakam is the perfect Warriors player. He's intelligent, versatile, a good shot creator, a load to handle in transition and, at 27, should be entering the prime of his career.
But would the Raptors really be interested in blowing it up and going full-scale rebuild around Wiseman, two lottery picks, Fred VanVleet and OG Anunoby? Even if they are, they'd have to be interested in Wiggins and believe Wiseman has the lofty ceiling the Warriors do.
The Raptors faced a tough season in which they played in Tampa Bay due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The oddity of their situation could be enough for Masai Ujiri to give the group one more shot.
RELATED: Cavs' reported draft trade desire could open door for Warriors
But there might be no better way to start a rebuild than with a potential franchise center, two top-seven picks in a loaded draft and Wiggins, who still is just 26 years old.
The Warriors are in need of a versatile wing who can get his own shot and create looks for others, especially when Curry is on the bench. Siakam checks those boxes, and while his 3-point percentage leaves something to be desired, he should benefit from better looks beyond the arc while playing alongside Curry and Thompson.
Two years ago, Siakam ran circles around the Warriors while announcing himself as a star on the game's biggest stage against the NBA's most unstoppable force.
Now, he might be the player who can help reignite the embers of a dying dynasty he helped cripple.
The Warriors just need the Raptors to play ball.
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Escalating Ice Loss Found in Antarctica
The Washington Post reports that sheets of ice are now melting in areas of Antarctica once thought to be unaffected by global warming. To read the full story by Marc Kaufman, please CLICK HERE. Below are key quotes from the story:
• "Without doubt, Antarctica as a whole is now losing ice yearly, and each year it's losing more," said Eric Rignot, lead author of a paper published online in the journal Nature Geoscience.
• "Something must be changing the ocean to trigger such changes," said Rignot, a senior scientist with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "We believe it is related to global climate forcing."
• "Both Greenland and the West Antarctic ice sheet are huge bodies of ice and snow, which are sitting on land," said Rajendra Pachauri, chief of the IPCC, the United Nations' scientific advisory group. "If, through a process of melting, they collapse and are submerged in the sea, then we really are talking about sea-level rises of several meters." (A meter is about a yard.) Last year, the IPCC tentatively estimated that sea levels would rise by eight inches to two feet by the end of the century, assuming no melting in West Antarctica.
Sheets Melting in an Area Once Thought to Be Unaffected by Global Warming
By Marc Kaufman
Washington Post Staff Writer
Monday, January 14, 2008; A01
Climatic changes appear to be destabilizing vast ice sheets of western Antarctica that had previously seemed relatively protected from global warming, researchers reported yesterday, raising the prospect of faster sea-level rise than current estimates.
While the overall loss is a tiny fraction of the miles-deep ice that covers much of Antarctica, scientists said the new finding is important because the continent holds about 90 percent of Earth's ice, and until now, large-scale ice loss there had been limited to the peninsula that juts out toward the tip of South America. In addition, researchers found that the rate of ice loss in the affected areas has accelerated over the past 10 years -- as it has on most glaciers and ice sheets around the world.
To read the full story by Marc Kaufman, pleas CLICK HERE.
The Post also features an interactive feature called "Exploring Antarctica" which features a variety of photographs and additional information.


Conversations surrounding human contributions to global warming are naturally fraught with confusion due to the sheer enormity and complexity of the issue, but can also be twisted by those whose proximal goals conflict with the changes necessary to address it.
One such point of confusion frequently used to mask the true consequences of animal agriculture is its impact on the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) including methane – an often overlooked but intensely important contributor to global warming. A recent example of this was seen during an exchange between animal rights activist Ed Winters, 'Earthling Ed', and Phil Stocker, CEO of the National Sheep Association, on Victoria Derbyshire's BBC 2 show. During the segment, Mr. Stocker noted the longstanding criticism of ruminant animals including cattle and sheep regarding their production of methane as a by-product of digestion. However, he then proceeded to dismiss it, claiming this production is simply "part of a natural gaseous cycle" that the Earth has "adapted to cope with" over thousands of years. This was exemplified again during a conversation on The Big Questions, also featuring Ed, when a butcher speaking in defence of farming practices skipped over the issue of methane emission entirely while praising the carbon-storing properties of the grasslands that constitute much of the land used in UK agriculture. The labelling of such emissions from livestock as 'natural' and therefore not worthy of concern, or neglecting to mention them at all, is misguided at best, if not nefarious when the true implications considered.
Greenhouse gases often fall under the same rubric in debates concerning environmental issues, but are anything but similar in their effects. Methane, it is true, is shorter-lived than CO2 and makes up a comparative minority of total greenhouse gas emissions, clocking in at 16% of global emissions compared to 76% from CO2, as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2014. However, in terms of their global warming potential (a measure of the relative capacity of a gas to absorb radiation emitted from the Earth's surface, preventing it from escaping and thus warming the planet) methane outscores CO2 by a factor of up to twenty eight to one. Consider this alongside the fact that agriculture is consistently ranked as one of the largest sectors (if not the largest sector) in terms of its contribution to methane emissions, and the severity of the issue starts to become apparent.
Animal agriculture contributes to climate change in numerous ways, but among the most notable is its status as a leading cause of deforestation. This clearing of rich and diverse areas of plant life to make way for land on which cattle can graze, and where food can be grown and fed to livestock, is perhaps most famed for its devastation of the Amazon rainforest. Deforestation in this region hit its highest rate in a decade last year, with nearly 8,000 square kilometres being cleared. Cattle ranching is now considered to be its most significant cause, and nearly 80% of deforested areas in Brazil (which contains approximately 60% of the rainforest) are currently used for pasture. Whilst this is a potent example of the motivations behind these activities and of the enormous proportions of land used for nothing but raising and feeding livestock, this is hardly an extreme example when considered globally. 77% of the world's agricultural land is currently used for livestock farming purposes including growing crops for animal feed, while in the UK the production of animal-based products makes up 85% of the land footprint.
This issue of land use really takes us to the heart of the issue and highlights the hypocrisy and near-sightedness of skimming over the negative consequences of animal agriculture including methane emissions, and of characterising the side effects of our massively overinflated livestock trade as something natural. It is true that CO2 emissions exceed those of methane, but its removal from the atmosphere depends directly on processes which are inherently compromised by the mass raising of livestock. This occurs via carbon sequestration: the process by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored by forests, grasslands and other such areas, with forests having the advantage of greater above-ground biomass per area of earth, meaning they may serve as better long-term carbon sinks than grasslands. A recent study from Oxford university concluded that excluding animal products from one's diet can reduce emissions associated with their food's production by 49%, and that the land required for food production could be reduced by 76% if such a diet was adopted globally. Alongside this, a recent Nature paper which was considered the most comprehensive study to date of the environmental consequences of food production recommended drastic decreases in our consumption of meat, dairy and eggs, accompanied by increased consumption of plant-derived foods such as beans, nuts and seeds to counteract drivers of climate change.
Climate scientists recently warned that we have around twelve years to backpedal our impact to cap the ongoing temperature rise to 1.5°C – the maximum that can be tolerated to avoid the most catastrophic projections of continued warming. Even assuming this target is met, however, the forecasts are grim. The World Health Organisation has estimated a rise of 95,000 child deaths per year due to malnutrition, and 60,000 extra deaths from malaria worldwide, while upwards of 100 million people could be plunged into extreme poverty according to the IPCC. Reports from these organisations and others including the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research further estimate that up to 150 million people may be affected by drastic sea level rises during the coming century. Ocean acidification due to dissolved CO2 could also have devastating effects, with a predicted 70-90% decline in existing coral reefs – a major source of food and protection to people as well as a host of diverse marine life.
Doing everything we can to reduce our current impact on the planet is imperative to minimise these consequences to as large a degree as possible, and reducing our reliance on animal agriculture is among the most logical, not to mention ethical, places to start. And in case the information above isn't enough of an incentive, the benefits of making such changes are by no means limited to counteracting global warming. Increased food availability resulting from the redistribution of crops to humans instead of livestock, which results in a much lower yield of food production, could mean an end to world hunger given a permitting political climate. Additionally, a host of powerful medicines may remain to be discovered in the diminishing rainforest, supplementing the current list including Quinine, a medication used to treat malaria, and Vincristine and Vinblastine – compounds used in cancer treatments to prevent cells from dividing.
One thing is for sure – there is nothing 'natural' about the levels of emissions currently generated by raising livestock. Rather, it is one of the main factors endangering everything that is.


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4/28/2009 - Prominent experts in the fields of capital markets, corporate governance, asset securitization, securities regulation and bankruptcy gathered at Temple University's Beasley School of Law in Philadelphia, PA for a legal symposium entitled Complexity and Collapse: The Credit Crisis sponsored by Barrack, Rodos & Bacine. The panel of speakers, including Robert D. Drain, U.S. Bankruptcy Judge for the Southern District of New York, Jill E. Fisch, Professor of Law and co-Director of the Institute for Law and Economics at the University of Pennsylvania Law School, and Joseph Grundfest, W.A. Franke Professor of Law and Business at Stanford University, explored the complex transactions that led to the current financial crisis — structured financings and credit derivatives — and the firms and systems of which these transactions were a part. The event was attended by a select group of judges, academics, market participants, lawyers, policy makers and regulators.