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Debunking a July, 2018 article by Gavin Evans: "Can Watching Too Much Porn Give You Erectile Dysfunction?" (Men's Health)
July 29, 2018 /0 Comments/in Uncategorized /by psadmin
Unfortunately YBOP must thoroughly debunk yet another Men's Health propaganda piece denying porn-induced sexual dysfunctions. The current article mirrors another misleading article YBOP debunked just a few months ago: Debunking "Should you be worried about porn-induced erectile dysfunction?" – by The Daily Dot's Claire Downs. (2018).
Before I address specific assertions, here are the peer-reviewed papers that Gavin Evans overlooked(?):
Over 35 studies linking porn use or porn addiction to sexual dysfunctions & lower arousal. The first 7 studies in the list demonstrate causation, as participants eliminated porn use and healed chronic sexual dysfunctions.
Over 70 studies linking porn use to less sexual and relationship satisfaction.
Over 40 studies reporting findings consistent with escalation of porn use (tolerance), habituation to porn, and even withdrawal symptoms.
All the neurological studies published on porn users/sex addicts: 45 neuroscience studies (MRI, fMRI, EEG, neurospychological, hormonal) provide strong support for the addiction model.
24 reviews of the literature & commentaries by some of the top neuroscientists in the world. All lend support to the porn addiction model.
Also ignored:
Articles, interviews and videos citing over 130 experts (urology professors, urologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, sexologists, MDs) who acknowledge and have successfully treated porn-induced ED and porn-induced loss of sexual desire.
Approximately 3,000 first-person stories of recovery from porn-induced sexual problems (Rebooting accounts 1, Rebooting accounts 2, Rebooting accounts 3, Short PIED recovery stories).
Misrepresentations and omissions
The Men's Health articles featured Dr. Nicole Prause, a non-academic who's extensive history of actively campaigning against porn-induced ED and porn addiction is well documented. Let's begin with Prause's string of misinformation and false assertions:
Most men watch porn, so the thought of missing out on actual sex because you watched too many X-rated videos is, understandably, a pretty terrifying prospect. We were a bit hesitant to use the experiences of just two men to generalize about a world full of men who watch porn, so we talked to a few sex researchers with Ph.D.s to get a few more details on whether your habit can cause serious problems with your sex life.
The verdict? There's no scientific evidence that supports the idea of "porn-induced erectile dysfunction."
"There are three laboratory studies that have shown sex film viewing is unrelated to erectile functioning," said Nicole Prause, Ph.D., founder of Liberos, a sex research and biotechnology company in Los Angeles. (You can find those studies here, here, and here.)
"No study has ever linked the two," she says. "The therapists are literally manufacturing the idea that these are connected in their patients."
Um…it is patently false to claim that no study has linked porn use to sexual problems. In reality, there are now 37 studies linking porn use/porn addiction to sexual problems and lower arousal to sexual stimuli. It's not just correlation studies: the first 7 studies in the list demonstrate causation, as participants eliminated porn use and healed chronic sexual dysfunctions. Put simply, porn-induced sexual problems exist because medical professionals asked young men to refrain from porn – and they healed chronic sexual problems (ED, Anorgasmia, delayed ejaculation, low sexual desire). Fact check anyone?
What about Prause's claim concerning the 3 studies she cited:
"There are three laboratory studies that have shown sex film viewing is unrelated to erectile functioning." (You can find those studies here, here, and here.)
First, none of the studies were "laboratory studies", so ignore that claim. The first study listed actually supports the hypothesis that porn use causes sexual problems as 71% of the heavy porn users in the study had developed chronic sexual problems! This is another example of a journalist failing to fact-check, as journalists writing articles about pornography so often fail to do. The second and third papers (one wasn't a study) on the list were roundly criticized in the peer-reviewed literature, with many questioning both findings and methodologies. Below we examine the 3 papers separately:
PAPER #1: Sutton et al., 2015:
Patient Characteristics by Type of Hypersexuality Referral: A Quantitative Chart Review of 115 Consecutive Male Cases (2015) – A study on men (average age 41.5) with hypersexuality disorders, such as paraphilias, chronic masturbation or adultery. 27 of the men were classified as "avoidant masturbators," meaning they masturbated (typically with porn use) one or more hours per day, or more than 7 hours per week. 71% of the men who chronically masturbated to porn reported sexual functioning problems, with 33% reporting delayed ejaculation (often a precursor to porn-induced ED).
What sexual dysfunction do 38% of the remaining men have? The study doesn't say, and the authors have ignored repeated requests for details. Two primary choices for male sexual dysfunction are 'erectile dysfunction' and 'low libido'. It should be noted that the men were not asked about their erectile functioning without porn. This, if all their sexual activity involved masturbating to porn, and not sex with a partner, many might be unaware they had porn-induced ED. (For reasons known only to her, Prause chronically cites this paper as debunking the existence of porn-induced sexual dysfunctions.)
PAPER #2: Prause & Pfaus, 2015.
I provide the formal critique by Richard Isenberg, MD and a very extensive lay critique, followed by my comments and excerpts from the paper co-authored by US Navy doctors:
In the same journal as the paper: Letter to the editor by Richard A. Isenberg MD (2015)
Very extensive lay critique: Nothing Adds Up in Dubious Study: Youthful Subjects' ED Left Unexplained (2015)
The reality behind Prause & Pfaus 2015: This wasn't a study on men with ED. It wasn't a study at all. Instead, Prause claimed to have gathered data from four of her earlier studies, none of which addressed erectile dysfunction. It's disturbing that this paper by Nicole Prause and Jim Pfaus passed peer-review as the data in their paper did not match the data in the underlying four studies on which the paper claimed to be based. The discrepancies are not minor gaps, but gaping holes that cannot be plugged. In addition, the paper made several claims that were false or not supported by their data.
We begin with false claims made by both Nicole Prause and Jim Pfaus. Many journalists' articles about this study claimed that porn use led to better erections, yet that's not what the paper found. In recorded interviews, both Nicole Prause and Jim Pfaus falsely claimed that they had measured erections in the lab, and that the men who used porn had better erections. In the Jim Pfaus TV interview Pfaus states:
"We looked at the correlation of their ability to get an erection in the lab."
"We found a liner correlation with the amount of porn they viewed at home, and the latencies which for example they get an erection is faster."
In this radio interview Nicole Prause claimed that erections were measured in the lab. The exact quote from the show:
"The more people watch erotica at home they have stronger erectile responses in the lab, not reduced."
Yet this paper did not assess erection quality in the lab or "speed of erections." The paper only claimed to have asked guys to rate their "arousal" after briefly viewing porn (and it's even not clear from the underlying papers that this simple self-report was asked of all subjects). In any case, an excerpt from the paper itself admitted that:
"No physiological genital response data were included to support men's self-reported experience."
In other words, no actual erections were tested or measured in the lab!
In a second unsupported claim, lead author Nicole Prause tweeted several times about the study, letting the world know that 280 subjects were involved, and that they had "no problems at home." However, the four underlying studies contained only 234 male subjects, so "280" is way off.
A third unsupported claim: Dr. Isenberg's Letter to the Editor (linked to above), which raised multiple substantive concerns highlighting the flaws in the Prause & Pfaus paper, wondered how it could be possible for Prause & Pfaus 2015 to have compared different subjects' arousal levels when three different types of sexual stimuli were used in the 4 underlying studies. Two studies used a 3-minute film, one study used a 20-second film, and one study used still images. It's well established that films are far more arousing than photos, so no legitimate research team would group these subjects together to make claims about their responses. What's shocking is that in their paper Prause & Pfaus unaccountably claim that all 4 studies used sexual films:
"The VSS presented in the studies were all films."
This statement is false, as clearly revealed in Prause's own underlying studies. This is the first reason why Prause & Pfaus cannot claim that their paper assessed "arousal." You must use the same stimulus for each subject to compare all subjects.
A fourth unsupported claim: Dr. Isenberg also asked how Prause & Pfaus 2015 could compare different subjects' arousal levels when only 1 of the 4 underlying studies used a 1 to 9 scale. One used a 0 to 7 scale, one used a 1 to 7 scale, and one study did not report sexual arousal ratings. Once again Prause & Pfaus inexplicably claim that:
"Men were asked to indicate their level of "sexual arousal" ranging from 1 "not at all" to 9 "extremely."
This statement, too, is false, as the underlying papers show. This is the second reason why Prause & Pfaus cannot claim that their paper assessed "arousal" ratings in men. A study must use the same rating scale for each subject to compare the subjects' results. In summary, all the Prause-generated headlines about porn use improving erections or arousal, or anything else, are unwarranted.
Prause & Pfaus 2015 also claimed they found no relationship between erectile functioning scores and the amount of porn viewed in the last month. As Dr. Isenberg pointed out:
Even more disturbing is the total omission of statistical findings for the erectile function outcome measure. No statistical results whatsoever are provided. Instead the authors ask the reader to simply believe their unsubstantiated statement that there was no association between hours of pornography viewed and erectile function. Given the authors' conflicting assertion that erectile function with a partner may actually be improved by viewing pornography the absence of statistical analysis is most egregious.
In the Prause & Pfaus response to the Dr. Isenberg critique, the authors once again failed to provide any data to support their "unsubstantiated statement." As this analysis documents, the Prause & Pfaus response not only evades Dr. Isenberg's legitimate concerns, it contains several new misrepresentations and several transparently false statements. Finally, a review of the literature I wrote with 7 Navy doctors commented on Prause & Pfaus 2015:
Our review also included two 2015 papers claiming that Internet pornography use is unrelated to rising sexual difficulties in young men. However, such claims appear to be premature on closer examination of these papers and related formal criticism. The first paper contains useful insights about the potential role of sexual conditioning in youthful ED [50]. However, this publication has come under criticism for various discrepancies, omissions and methodological flaws. For example, it provides no statistical results for the erectile function outcome measure in relation to Internet pornography use. Further, as a research physician pointed out in a formal critique of the paper, the paper's authors, "have not provided the reader with sufficient information about the population studied or the statistical analyses to justify their conclusion" [51]. Additionally, the researchers investigated only hours of Internet pornography use in the last month. Yet studies on Internet pornography addiction have found that the variable of hours of Internet pornography use alone is widely unrelated to "problems in daily life", scores on the SAST-R (Sexual Addiction Screening Test), and scores on the IATsex (an instrument that assesses addiction to online sexual activity) [52, 53, 54, 55, 56]. A better predictor is subjective sexual arousal ratings while watching Internet pornography (cue reactivity), an established correlate of addictive behavior in all addictions [52, 53, 54]. There is also increasing evidence that the amount of time spent on Internet video-gaming does not predict addictive behavior. "Addiction can only be assessed properly if motives, consequences and contextual characteristics of the behavior are also part of the assessment" [57]. Three other research teams, using various criteria for "hypersexuality" (other than hours of use), have strongly correlated it with sexual difficulties [15, 30, 31]. Taken together, this research suggests that rather than simply "hours of use", multiple variables are highly relevant in assessment of pornography addiction/hypersexuality, and likely also highly relevant in assessing pornography-related sexual dysfunctions.
This review also highlighted the weakness in correlating only "current hours of use" to predict porn-induced sexual dysfunctions. The amount of porn currently viewed is just one of many variables involved in the development of porn-induced ED. These may include:
Ratio of masturbation to porn versus masturbation without porn
Ratio of sexual activity with a person versus masturbation to porn
Gaps in partnered sex (where one relies only on porn)
Virgin or not
Total hours of use
Years of use
Age started using porn voluntarily
Escalation to new genres
Development of porn-induced fetishes (from escalating to new genres of porn)
Level of novelty per session (i.e. compilation videos, multiple tabs)
Addiction-related brain changes or not
Presence of hypersexuality/porn addiction
The better way to research this phenomenon, is to remove the variable of internet porn use and observe the outcome, which was done in the case studies in which men removed internet porn use and healed. Such research reveals causation instead of fuzzy correlations open to conflicting interpretation. My site has documented a few thousand men who removed porn and recovered from chronic sexual dysfunctions.
The author's agenda: It's important to note that Jim Pfaus is on the editorial board of the Journal of Sexual Medicine and spends considerable effort attacking the concept of porn-induced sexual dysfunctions. Co-author Nicole Prause has close relationships with the porn industry and is obsessed with debunking PIED, having waged a 3-year war against this academic paper, while simultaneously harassing & libeling young men who have recovered from porn-induced sexual dysfunctions. See documentation: Gabe Deem #1, Gabe Deem #2, Alexander Rhodes #1, Alexander Rhodes #2, Alexander Rhodes #3, Noah Church, Alexander Rhodes #4, Alexander Rhodes #5, Alexander Rhodes #6, Alexander Rhodes #7, Alexander Rhodes #8, Alexander Rhodes #9, Alexander Rhodes#10, Gabe Deem & Alex Rhodes together, Alexander Rhodes#11, Alexander Rhodes #12, Alexander Rhodes #13.
PAPER #3: Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015.
Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015 was designated as a "brief communication" by the journal that published it, and the two authors selected certain data to share, while omitting other pertinent data (more later). As with Prause & Pfaus, the journal later published a critique of Landripet & Štulhofer: Comment on: Is Pornography Use Associated with Sexual Difficulties and Dysfunctions among Younger Heterosexual Men? by Gert Martin Hald, PhD
As for the claim that Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015 found no relationships between porn use and sexual problems. This is not true, as documented in both this YBOP critique and the this review of the literature. Furthermore, Landripet & Štulhofer's paper omitted three significant correlations they presented to a European conference (more below). Let's start with the first of three paragraphs from our paper that addressed Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015:
A second paper reported little correlation between frequency of Internet pornography use in the last year and ED rates in sexually active men from Norway, Portugal and Croatia [6]. These authors, unlike those of the previous paper, acknowledge the high prevalence of ED in men 40 and under, and indeed found ED and low sexual desire rates as high as 31% and 37%, respectively. In contrast, pre-streaming Internet pornography research done in 2004 by one of the paper's authors reported ED rates of only 5.8% in men 35–39 [58]. Yet, based on a statistical comparison, the authors conclude that Internet pornography use does not seem to be a significant risk factor for youthful ED. That seems overly definitive, given that the Portuguese men they surveyed reported the lowest rates of sexual dysfunction compared with Norwegians and Croatians, and only 40% of Portuguese reported using Internet pornography "from several times a week to daily", as compared with the Norwegians, 57%, and Croatians, 59%. This paper has been formally criticized for failing to employ comprehensive models able to encompass both direct and indirect relationships between variables known or hypothesized to be at work [59]. Incidentally, in a related paper on problematic low sexual desire involving many of the same survey participants from Portugal, Croatia and Norway, the men were asked which of numerous factors they believed contributed to their problematic lack of sexual interest. Among other factors, approximately 11%–22% chose "I use too much pornography" and 16%–26% chose "I masturbate too often" [60]
As my co-authors, the Navy doctors, and I described, this paper found a rather important correlation: Only 40% of the Portuguese men used porn "frequently," while the 60% of the Norwegians used porn "frequently." The Portuguese men had far less sexual dysfunction than the Norwegians. With respect to the Croat subjects, Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015 acknowledge a statistically significant association between more frequent porn use and ED, but claim the effect size was small. However, this claim may be misleading according to an MD who is a skilled statistician and has authored many studies:
Analyzed a different way (Chi Squared), … moderate use (vs. infrequent use) increased the odds (the likelihood) of having ED by about 50% in this Croatian population. That sounds meaningful to me, although it is curious that the finding was only identified among Croats.
In addition, Landripet & Štulhofer 2015 omitted three significant correlations, which one of the authors presented to a European conference. He reported a significant correlation between erectile dysfunction and "preference for certain pornographic genres":
Reporting a preference for specific pornographic genres were [sic] significantly associated with erectile (but not ejaculatory or desire-related) male sexual dysfunction.
It's telling that Landripet & Štulhofer chose to omit this significant correlation between erectile dysfunction and preferences for specific genres of porn from their paper. It's quite common for porn users to escalate into genres (or fetishes) that do not match their original sexual tastes, and to experience ED when these conditioned porn preferences do not match real sexual encounters. As we pointed out above, it's very important to assess the multiple variables associated with porn use – not just hours in the last month or frequency in the last year.
The second significant finding omitted by Landripet & Štulhofer 2015 involved female participants:
Increased pornography use was slightly but significantly associated with decreased interest for partnered sex and more prevalent sexual dysfunction among women.
A significant correlation between greater porn use and decreased libido and more sexual dysfunction seems pretty important. Why didn't Landripet & Štulhofer 2015 report that they found significant correlations between porn use and sexual dysfunction in women, as well as a few in men? And why haven't these findings been reported in any of Štulhofer's many studies arising from these same data sets? His teams seem very quick to publish data they claim debunks porn-induced ED, yet very slow to inform users about the negative sexual ramifications of porn use.
Finally, Danish porn researcher Gert Martin Hald's formal critical comments echoed the need to assess more variables (mediators, moderators) than just frequency per week in the last 12 months:
The study does not address possible moderators or mediators of the relationships studied nor is it able to determine causality. Increasingly, in research on pornography, attention is given to factors that may influence the magnitude or direction of the relationships studied (i.e., moderators) as well as the pathways through which such influence may come about (i.e., mediators). Future studies on pornography consumption and sexual difficulties may also benefit from an inclusion of such focuses.
Bottom line: All complex medical conditions involve multiple factors, which must be teased apart before far-reaching pronouncements in the press are appropriate. Landripet & Štulhofer's statement that, "Pornography does not seem to be a significant risk factor for younger men's desire, erectile, or orgasmic difficulties" goes too far, since it ignores all the other possible variables related to porn use that might be causing sexual performance problems in users, including escalation to specific genres, which they found, but omitted from the "Brief Communication." Paragraphs 2 & 3 in our discussion of Landripet & Štulhofer, 2015:
Again, intervention studies would be the most instructive. However, with respect to correlation studies, it is likely that a complex set of variables needs to be investigated in order to elucidate the risk factors at work in unprecedented youthful sexual difficulties. First, it may be that low sexual desire, difficulty orgasming with a partner and erectile problems are part of the same spectrum of Internet pornography-related effects, and that all of these difficulties should be combined when investigating potentially illuminating correlations with Internet pornography use.
Second, although it is unclear exactly which combination of factors may best account for such difficulties, promising variables to investigate in combination with frequency of Internet pornography use might include (1) years of pornography-assisted versus pornography-free masturbation; (2) ratio of ejaculations with a partner to ejaculations with Internet pornography; (3) the presence of Internet pornography addiction/hypersexuality; (4) the number of years of streaming Internet pornography use; (5) at what age regular use of Internet pornography began and whether it began prior to puberty; (6) trend of increasing Internet pornography use; (7) escalation to more extreme genres of Internet pornography, and so forth.
A 500% – 1000% increase in youthful ED since 2010 cannot be explained away by the usual factors
Studies assessing young male sexuality since 2010 report historic levels of sexual dysfunctions and startling rates of a new scourge: low libido (for partnered sex). Documented in this lay article and in our review Is Internet Pornography Causing Sexual Dysfunctions? A Review with Clinical Reports (2016).
Prior to the advent of free streaming porn (2006), cross-sectional studies and meta-analysis consistently reported erectile dysfunction rates of 2-5% in men under 40. Erectile dysfunction rates in 9 studies published since 2010 range from 14% to 35%, while rates for low libido (hypo-sexuality) range from 16% to 37%. Some studies involve teens and men 25 and under, while other studies involve men 40 and under. One of the most dramatic recent examples (2018) is a survey of ED in porn actors. Those under 30 had twice the rate of ED as the older ones (whose sexuality developed without access to highspeed Internet porn during adolescence). See Erectile Dysfunction Among Male Adult Entertainers: A Survey.
In short there has been a 500%-1000% increase in youthful ED rates in the last 10 years. What variable has changed in the last 15 years that could account for this astronomical rise? Before confidently claiming that today's porn consumers have nothing to worry about from Internet porn use, researchers still need to account for the very recent, sharp rise in youthful ED and low sexual desire, the many studies linking porn use to sexual problem, the thousands of self reports and clinician reports of men healing ED by eliminating a single variable: porn.
Men's Health quotes Ian Kerner, but in the past Kerner stated that porn causes sexual problems!
In the Men's Health article Kerner (who is an AASECT spokesman) twists and turns to avoid blaming porn, asserting that masturbation causes chronic ED in health young men:
Though there may not be a direct connection between watching porn and erectile dysfunction, there is an indirect one in that in certain cases masturbation can lead to erection issues. "In my clinical experience I do not find porn to be a direct cause of [erectile disorder, premature ejaculation, and delayed ejaculation]" explains Ian Kerner, Ph.D. and licensed psychotherapist and sexuality counselor.
Notice that Kerner cited nothing, because no urologist would agree with his unsupported claim that masturbation causes chronic ED in young men. Kerner, Prause, and David Ley have all contrived to misdirect the public away from porn as the true cause. YBOP wrote about this smoke & mirrors tactic here: Sexologists deny porn-induced ED by claiming masturbation is the problem (2016).
Before Ian Kerner became the chair of public relations for AASECT, he had a different opinion on porn-induced sexual problems. See the following 2013 article by Kerner, which undercuts 2018 Kerner (Maybe by becoming AASECT's official spokesperson he felt compelled to follow the company line.):
Too Much Internet Porn: The SADD Effect
By Ian Kerner
Easy access to internet porn and the sheer variety of novelty it contains have affected average guys who wouldn't normally have a problem.
As a sex therapist and founder of Good in Bed, I've seen a sharp increase in men who suffer from a new syndrome I've dubbed "Sexual Attention Deficit Disorder," or SADD. And the source of this problem is just a click away — too much internet porn.
Just as people with ADD are easily distracted, guys with SADD have become so accustomed to the high levels of visual novelty and stimulation that comes from internet porn that they're unable to focus on real sex with a real woman. As a result, guys with SADD often find it difficult to maintain an erection during intercourse, or they experience delayed ejaculation and can only climax with manual or oral stimulation.
Bored in bed?
Men with SADD tend to find themselves getting bored or impatient during sex. They may be physiologically aroused and erect, but they're not at peak mental arousal. Guys with SADD may also simply lack the mojo for real sex because they're depleted from masturbation. They're not running on a full tank, physically or mentally.
Believe it or not, I first became aware of SADD via the complaints of women who wondered why their guys couldn't ejaculate (and were often faking it) or who noticed that their partners seemed disconnected or uninterested during sex. When I dug a little deeper, or talked to the guys themselves, I realized that these men were masturbating more than usual due to their easy access to internet porn. Sometimes, they were masturbating about the same as always, but hadn't realized that their natural refractory period — the recovery time between erections — was increasing as they aged.
Don't get me wrong, I'm a big fan of masturbation. It helps a guy blow off some steam and is like a 30-second spa day. But easy access to internet porn and the sheer variety of novelty it contains have affected average guys who wouldn't normally have a problem. Because of this, these men have rewired their brains to crave the instant gratification of a porn-enabled orgasm. This means that they're developing what's clinically referred to as an idiosyncratic masturbatory style: They've accustomed themselves to an intense type of physical stimulation that's not approximated during real sex. Their overall levels of sexual desire for their partners are down, and they need to fantasize during real sex in order to maintain a full erection.
Think you suffer from SADD? Here's what to do…
What's a guy with SADD to do?
First, give yourself a masturbation break. Save your mojo for your partner. If you're single, decrease your frequency of masturbation. When you do masturbate, try using your non-dominant hand. For example, if you're a righty, touch yourself with your left. You won't be able to apply the same levels of physical intensity as you can with your dominant hand, so you won't be as physically numbed to the sensations of intercourse.
Second, lay off the porn. When you masturbate, use your mind to create the pictures and try to recall single episodes of sex. Think of it as the difference between reading and watching TV. Use this opportunity to reconnect with your erotic history and your own catalog of sexy memories.
Increase the mental novelty with your partner: Share fantasies and experiment with role play. Before you have intercourse, get yourself to a point where you're at peak physical and mental arousal. SADD doesn't have to be sad for you or your partner. Step away from your computer and toward your bedroom, and you can put your attention back where it belongs — on your real sex life.
Gavin Evans may wish to update his article in Men's Health… but I won't hold my breath.
Experts who recognize & treat porn-induced sexual dysfunctions Debunking "Why Are We Still So Worried About Watching Porn?"...


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Duff McKagan Discusses His New Solo Album on VOLUME
NEW YORK, NEW YORK - APRIL 17: Duff McKagan of Guns N' Roses visits the Larry Flick show to discuss his new solo album "Tenderness" at SiriusXM Studios on April 17, 2019 in New York City.
Photo by Roy Rochlin/Getty Images
Duff McKagan is one of rock's legendary bassists, thanks to his work in Guns N Roses and Velvet Revolver.
Recently Duff released his second solo album, Tenderness, produced by Shooter Jennings, so of the legendary country outlaw, Waylon Jennings. This week on SiriusXM VOLUME, Henry Rollins chats with Duff about his new solo album, his songwriting process for the album, and his musical influences.
Hear The Road to Tenderness: A Conversation With Duff McKagan and Shooter Jennings:
Wednesday, June 19th at 7 and 11 pm ET
Saturday, June 22nd at 12 pm and 10 pm ET
Sunday, June 23rd at 3 am and 3 pm ET
Listen live to SiriusXM VOLUME now.
SiriusXM VOLUME
Music Talk That Rocks
SXM's all-talk music channel. Artist interviews, weekly specials, & documentaries with the most respected people in music.
Ozzy's Boneyard
Ozzy's Classic Hard Rock
Hard & heavy classic rock under the influence of Ozzy Osbourne.
Def Leppard Talk The Hall of Fame In A SiriusXM Town Hall
Hear Geddy Lee and Alex Lifeson Take Part in Rush Fan Day
David Byrne Discusses His Grammy Nominated 'American Utopia'

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Virgil Lee Locke
Virgil Lee "Duke" Locke, of Webb City, former resident of Frontenac, Kansas passed away Saturday, July 21, 2018 at his home. Duke was born March 18, 1936 to Stanley and Myrtle Belle (Goodhall) Locke in Frontenac, Kansas. He was a graduate of Frontenac High School. Duke joined the U.S Army after high school and served in the Korean and Vietnam War. In 1976 he graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles with a Bachelor's degree in Business Management. Duke worked for Glacier Water services in Carlsbad, California for 15 years as the director of sales and marketing, he retired in 2003. He was a member of the Frontenac United Methodist Church. Duke served in the U.S. Army for 7 years and was also a member of the American Legion Post #43, Frontenac, Kansas and Disabled American Veterans. Duke is survived by his wife Sandra, son; Gary and wife Ann McDonald, daughter; Patricia Houlebreque, and brother; Raymond and wife Donna Locke and 5 grandchildren He was preceded in death by his parents, daughter; Robin Mullis, 5 brothers; Richard Locke, Harold Locke, Alfred Locke, Merle Locke, Jack Locke, 5 sisters; Viola Millard-Herford, Nellie Millard, Jane Millard, Virginia Baker and Patricia Coy. A graveside service will be held at 2:00 pm. Wednesday, July 25, 2018 at the Frontenac City Cemetery in Frontenac, KS. Condolences may be left at www.friskelfuneralhome.com. Memorials may be made to the Joplin Humane Society or the American Cancer Society; these may be left at or mailed to the funeral home. Arrangements are under the direction of the Friskel Funeral Home of Frontenac, KS.
Virgil Lee "Duke" Locke, of Webb City, former resident of Frontenac, Kansas passed away Saturday, July 21, 2018 at his home. Duke was born March 18, 1936 to Stanley and Myrtle Belle (Goodhall) Locke in Frontenac, Kansas. He was... View Obituary & Service Information
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Virgil Lee "Duke" Locke, of Webb City, former resident of Frontenac,...
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1. Open the door for her. It still works. Material gifts can make a woman's heart flutter temporarily, it's the unexpected gestures and the little thoughts that give a lasting impact in a woman's book. When you arrive home together, open the door; when getting in and out of the car, open the door. Being a gentleman doesn't cost much.
Thank him for holding the door for you. Being grateful for the simple gestures, or being grateful in general takes root in our hearts, it makes us happier.
2. Give her flowers and gifts even if there's no occasion. Even a single rose would mean a lot. If you travel and would be away for a week or two, a rose sent home would be an extra special surprise. A box of her favorite chocolate you can't buy locally, a souvenir from the city you visited would also be a beautiful coming-home surprise. It would let her know how much you missed her.
Bring him a shirt or trinkets he would love from your travel. If it's your turn to travel for a while, a shirt from the city you visited would be truly appreciated. Since we are both shoeholics, we sometimes get each other shoes, especially if it's cheaper there (Milan's shoe sales are our favorite!).
3. Call, text, send her links to funny posts and topics she would enjoy every so often. Social media has gone so differently than what it was 6 years ago, viral videos and clips are all over many platforms, and there'd surely be one that you'll find funny to give your girl a good laugh. There would be others that she would feel happy about, thankful for, and nostalgic about…send her those links to make her know that you think of her. There are so many messenger services nowadays, still, an SMS would probably be the fastest way to send a message across, but a call on certain times is more reassuring.
Send him lots of emojis. Be generous with heart emojis! Genuinely reply to what you feel about the messages he sent.
4. Shop together or buy necessities for the home. Men are stereotyped to not enjoy shopping as much as women do, if you go with her to buy shoes, a wedding anniversary gift for a friend, it will be truly appreciated. If you noticed that it's the last toilet paper roll, buy some, she might not ask you to, but it is a considerate thing to do once in a while.
Don't shop as much. Be wise when it comes to budgeting.
5. Try out food together. You might surprise each other with what you find good to the palate. Trying out food is a good adventure to start now if you haven't yet…travelling and tasting the local cuisine is a good way to bond. Don't forget that bottle of wine!
6. Play sports together or workout even at home. Go play tennis, basketball, cycle around the city, or just go out for a swim. If there's no time to fit both your schedules, workout together at home.
Ready his gears and protein bars. If you can't go with him to the gym, make sure that he can quench his thirst, replenish his energy, and would be able to take a bath or change clothes later by preparing his gym bag. Even if it means waking up earlier than you used to.
7. Listen. Not to reply, but just to let her know she can tell you stuff.
Don't nag. If it can't be helped, just do it minimally. 😀 Communication is the key to understanding each other, basically not letting the other know the important things will cause problems. But talk in a way that will not stir up anger.
8. Look back to your beginnings. Remember the first days of getting to know each other, you will remember those days with fondness and see how much change has occurred through the years, and you'd be able to appreciate how you've gotten close despite the not-so-fond memories.
Date even if you feel like you've gotten older. It warms a person's heart to see a couple of older people on a date (it does to me). So start now to keep a routine, so that when you're older and senior dating is a prevalent thing, you can proudly brag about how you've dated each other to adulthood. It would be admirable from the point of view of those who personally know you. People may have a peculiar notion about older dating online, but at whatever age love finds you, it will just be as beautiful and exciting like other age brackets.
9. Thank each other. As mentioned above, gratitude makes us happier. To quote Melody Beattie: Gratitude unlocks the fullness of life. It turns what we have into enough, and more. It turns denial into acceptance, chaos to order, confusion to clarity. It can turn a meal into a feast, a house into a home, a stranger into a friend.
Having a grateful heart gives one many wonderful returns.
10. Pray. The most important of all the things a husband and wife should do, but many forget or doesn't believe in. Ephesians 5:25 and 28 points out, "Husbands, continue loving your wives, just as the Christ also loved the congregation and gave himself up for it… In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. A man who loves his wife loves himself." Prayer is also needed to follow this advice. What with the different personalities and beliefs, the help of the Higher being is needed to hold relationships and marriages together, as Ecclesiastes 4:12 points out: a threefold cord cannot quickly be torn apart.
There are many more ways couples can do that can draw them closer together. In summary, the love that each other have should bring about respect, honesty, loyalty, kindness, gratitude, and happiness among other virtues.


My firm is built all around the client. So many firms treat people like a file and not a human being. I know that legal troubles can be one of the most stressful things a person can go through. That is why communicating with my clients is top priority. Our firm will vigorously fight for your rights, while keeping you informed. When you retain our services, you will know exactly what you are getting. We will never take a shortcut in defending you.
Between my time as a prosecutor and my career as a Las Vegas criminal defense lawyer, I have been serving the community since 1998. Unlike many attorneys, I personally handle all my clients' cases. When you come to the office of Gregory D. Knapp, Esq., you will be working with Gregory Knapp. This client-centered approach allows me to get to know you so that I can more effectively tell your story in court.
Attorney Chip Siegel offer clients affordable, aggressive, and reliable legal defense when they need it most. Chip's practice hails from his firm belief that each and every one of the individuals that he serves are truly entitled to respectful treatment and dignified representation. As such, he has taken care to ensure that his fees are affordable, his experience his worthwhile and his attention is not scattered among too many clients at once.
At GRD Law Group we aim to lead in each practice area of law we work in. Coming from in-depth understanding of the law and the industry, capitalizing on extensive experience, we provide hands-on advice and representation that speaks the language of our client's individuality. No matter what your legal need we can help you.
Voted "Best Criminal Defense Firm" in Best of Las Vegas, Las Vegas Defense Group provides five-star legal representation in the areas of criminal defense, immigration, personal injury, and family law throughout Nevada. Our powerhouse team of eight attorneys has a combined 75 years of courtroom experience and winning track records. Our Las Vegas criminal defense lawyers fight hard to get misdemeanor and felony charges reduced or dismissed.
At the Law Office of Mark Coburn, we are ready to provide your criminal case with unsurpassed legal representation. As an experienced Las Vegas Criminal Defense Attorney, Mark Coburn is consistently successful in achieving the best possible resolutions for his clients.
At Mace Yampolsky & Associates, we recognize how much is at stake when a client has been accused of a crime or the victim of a devastating accident. In these cases, turning to our firm to gain the support of a seasoned legal team with proven credentials can make a tremendous difference in the resolution of your case. We will aggressively defend your rights, thoroughly investigate evidence, and expertly advocate on behalf of your defense.
Over the past 6 years, Adam has handled over 1100 DUI cases, resolved over 50,000 traffic tickets, and made thousands of court appearances for his clients.
Every day Adam's focus is on protecting the constitutional rights of Nevada citizens, preventing abuses by the state, and ensuring that one mistake does not cost someone their life, career, or future.
Jeffrey Jaeger understands the criminal process and can represent you from arrest to resolution. As an authority on evidence, he understands how to challenge what police and prosecutors present, seeking to get your charges reduced or dismissed. He is a skilled courtroom advocate who teaches other lawyers on trial preparation.
David R. Fischer is licensed to practice law in Nevada State and Federal Courts primarily in the field of criminal defense. As a fierce advocate on behalf of his clients, Attorney Fischer does not give up until the right result is achieved, whether inside or outside of the courtroom.
Michael practices exclusively in the area of criminal defense, and represents clients in a wide variety of criminal matters, including those charged with misdemeanors, gross-misdemeanors and felonies. He also places special emphasis on Driving Under the Influence "DUI" defense, and has personally defended over 1,000 DUI cases, ranging from DUI 1st Misdemeanor to the more serious DUI with Substantial Bodily Harm and DUI with Death.
We know that keeping clients out of the courtroom can often be the best strategy through negotiation, mediation or other alternative means but when the time comes to take a case to trial, Ross C. Goodman's broad trial practice is invaluable.


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Q: Does the youtube player api apply on google drive embedded videos? I've been working on a project that uses videos embedded from google drive, it has the same format as a youtube embedded video:
<iframe id="player4" src="https://docs.google.com/a/insynchq.com/file/d/{{ videos.folders }}/preview?enablejsapi=1&playerapiid=player4" width="500px" height="400px" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

I imported this as said by the api:
var tag = document.createElement('script');
tag.src = "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api";
var firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag);

but I don't know if the youtube player api works on it. I've tried sort of things following the api but didn't get much of a result. I want to pause the videos on slide change that's why I want to know if it works on drive embedded videos. I would want to get the player instance but document.getElementById just results in getting the iframes which does not enable me to pause the video in it, or is there a way that I may have not discovered yet?
Any help will be much appreciated. Thanks!

A: No, videos on Google Drive are not currently hosted on YouTube, though the player may share a similar source code ancestor. Perhaps you should investigate listing the video on YouTube as "unlisted" instead - you should be able to embed the video and use the official API.

A: You could use as src something like this:
https://youtube.googleapis.com/embed/?partnerid=30&docid=<video file id>

This will make your video playable but won't be listed or uploaded to Youtube

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Promotion of sports linked with Pakistan's image abroad: Prime Minister Gilani
byMediaLine Pakistan	June 20, 2011	Official News, Press Information Department
Islamabad: Prime Minister Syed Yusuf Raza Gilani has said that sports are an important component and imperative for the projection of the soft image of Pakistan abroad. The promotion of sports activities, he added, would help to engage the youth towards healthy activities and also develop tolerance as well as sense of fair competition among them.
The Prime Minister made these remarks while according approval to the appointment of Director General (Technical) of Pakistan Sports Board, a new assignment created to improve the standards and quality of sports in the country.
The Prime Minister, it may be mentioned, who takes keen interest in the development and promotion of sports, had directed the Ministry of Sports to review the entire structure of Pakistan Sports Board in consultation with all the stakeholders.
A series of consultation and dialogue was held under the auspices of Ministry of Sports with all the office bearers of Pakistan Olympic Association and National Sports Federations. Besides, the Ministry also studied the sports management systems of Australia, China and other leading sports countries of the world.
An important recommendation given by the Ministry of Sports included the streamlining and reorganizing PSB management into two separate Wings namely the Administrative Wing and the Technical Wing with clear and specific duties and responsibilities of each Wing. This decision was based on empirical evidence at international level with the designing and training plans / programmes as well as implementation and monitoring of the same would only be handled by technically qualified professionals.
It was accordingly proposed to create a new office of the Director General (Technical) in the Pakistan Sports Board who would focus on designing training programmes and related aspects. The existing position of Director General, Pakistan Sports Board would continue with responsibility to look after the administrative and financial affairs of the Board and the development of the sports infrastructure in the country.
The Prime Minister expressed confidence that the new set-up of the Pakistan Sports Board would be able to meet the challenges in the field of sports. He hoped that the new DG (Technical) would concentrate on improvement of sports standards through training, coaching and facilitation by involving modern scientific approaches for capacity enhancement of national sports squads.
The Ministry of Sports and the Pakistan Sports Board, it may be added, had long been pondering over the causes of dismal performance of Pakistani athletes, the declining sports standards and the results in international competitive events.
In accordance with the decisions to bring about professionalism in sports management, Dr. Akhtar Nawaz Genjera has been appointed as Director General (Tech) in the Pakistan Sports Board. The newly appointed DG (Tech) has been an athlete, a trainer, a researcher and a sports administrator during his career spanning over 28 years. He has the distinction of being the only sports professional in Pakistan to have earned a doctorate in Sports Administration and Management from Victoria University, Australia.
Tel: +9251 925 2323 and +9251 925 2324
Fax: +9251 925 2325 and +9251 925 2326
Previous Czech Republic Deputy Foreign Minister calls on Minister of State for Defence Production
Next Lotte Pakistan PTA Limited's Election of Directors at the Extraordinary General Meeting Held on 16 June, 2011


Photograph of the desktop console of the world's first microcomputer system, which utilized the Intel 8008 single-chip 8-bit microprocessor. The computer system was developed and manufactured by Q1 Corporation, and delivered to Litton Industries, Litcom Division, in Melville, New york on December 11, 1971. In April 1974, Intel introduced the 8080: the second generation single-chip 8-bit microprocessor. Until then, Q1 was the world's only company to deliver self-contained general-purpose microcomputer systems.
Introduction of the 1,024-bit memory chip.
In 1969, Advanced Memory Systems developed the first integrated circuit containing 1,024 bits (one kilobit, or 1 Kb) of dynamic random access memory chip. The Wall Street firm of Philips, Appel & Walden considered underwriting the initial public offering of Advanced Memory Systems. I evaluated the technology of Advanced Memory Systems on behalf of Philips, Appel & Walden.
1960's – onset of the semiconductor revolution.
The one kilobit memory chip represented the endpoint of a decade of explosive development in the semiconductor industry. It is also a natural entry point for understanding the emergence of the computer-on-a-chip. The transistor was invented at Bell Telephone Laboratories at the end of 1947. In 1958, Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments invented the integrated circuit: an entire electronic circuit implemented on a single silicon chip. In 1959, Robert Noyce, of Fairchild Semiconductor at the time, independently invented an improved version of the integrated circuit. An integrated circuit with 1,024 transistors (1 Kb) was introduced by the end of the decade by Advanced Memory Systems.
Figure 1.3 The distance between transistors is reduced with each generation of RAM chips. Halving the linear distance between adjacent transistors doubles the speed and quadruples the transistor density. If the cost of chip per unit area remains the same then the cost per transistor drops by a factor of four, and the computing cost by a factor of eight.
Memory chip generation as a measure of progress.
During the 1960's the number of transistors in a chip grew by a thousandfold. The simplest way to view that development is as the result of five generations of doubling linear transistor density and therefore as the result of five generations of quadrupling the number of transistors per unit area. Such increase in transistor density leaves the chip area unchanged. There are three implications of that development.
Figure 1.3.1 Five stages of doubling linear density increases the transistor density per unit area by a factor of 1,024. Such five stages account for the increase from one bit to kilobit, from kilobit to megabit, and from megabit to gigabit.
By cutting the linear distance between adjacent transistors in half, the time needed to transmit a signal between them is halved. In effect, doubling the linear transistor density is equivalent to doubling the processing speed. Thus, five generations of doubling linear transistor density decreases the distance between transistors, and increases the effective processing speed by a factor of 32.
The cost per transistor decreased.
Five generations of increasing linear transistor density by a factor of 32 resulted in the 32×32=1,024, or approximately a thousandfold, increase in the number of transistors per unit area. The production cost per unit area of silicon remained roughly the same over that time period. For this reason, the increase in the number of transistors per unit area represented a thousandfold drop in the cost per transistor.
Multiplying the time required to compute a task by the hardware cost provides an estimate of the computing cost. Thus, the 1960's represented a thousandfold drop in the cost per transistor and a 32-fold increase in processing speed. Computing cost, therefore, dropped by a factor of 32,000 during that decade.
It is the future, however, that matters, especially when it is not a linear extrapolation of the past. While evaluating Advanced Memory Systems for the Wall Street underwriter, I consulted several experts in the field about extrapolating the increase in transistor density into the 1970's. In performing that evaluation, I benefited from discussion with some experts in the field. Professor Carver Mead, who was at the California Institute of Technology at that time, was one of those experts. He impressed on me that physical laws set limits to the increased transistor density. It was clear to me that Advanced Memory Systems had lead-time in a crucial field of technology. The management of Advanced Memory Systems was not marketing oriented. However, they did have a lead-time in a crucial field of technology. I therefore recommended that the initial public offering take place.
Speculating about a computer on a chip.
The rapidly increasing number of transistors per unit area made it unavoidable that, at some point, an entire central processing unit would be implemented on a single chip. I did not have the competence to determine what would be the minimum number of transistors necessary to implement a central processing unit as a single integrated circuit, but it seemed plausible that one or two generations of quadrupling the number of transistors per unit area should prove sufficient.
Microprocessor as a negative cost factor.
The drop in computing cost is steeper than the reduction in the cost per transistor. In a device such as a computer terminal, a computer on a chip could perform the tasks of more expensive components and have time left over for performing local data processing operations essentially for free.
Databases are intrinsically non-local. During the evaluation period, information processing was similarly non-local. But the prospect of subzero processing cost implied an impending dissociation between centralized data storage and point-of-use information processing. To me, therefore, it appeared inevitable that there would be a fundamental shift away from remote computing and locally shared computing, and that computing at the point-of-use would emerge as a fundamental new trend.
The computer terminal Datapoint 3300.
Philips, Appel & Walden then considered underwriting the initial public offering of Computer Terminal Corporation (later re-named Datapoint) of San Antonio, Texas. Their initial product, the Datapoint 3300, was a terminal for remote computing environment. I evaluated the company for Philips, Appel & Walden, while William Hambrecht did the due diligence on behalf of the investment firm Hambrecht and Quist, of San Francisco. I was impressed by the engineering and manufacturing expertise of the group but I considered their beautifully designed Datapoint 3300 to be conceptually outdated.
Discussing future trends with Gus Roche.
In that initial visit, I had an extended discussion with Austin (Gus) Roche, who was the vice president for research and development at that time. I conveyed to him my conviction that point-of-use computers would replace dumb computer terminals. Gus met me halfway by agreeing that an intelligent terminal with a central processing unit would be a natural next step. Following my recommendation, Philips, Appel & Walden underwrote (with Hambrecht and Quist) the initial public offering of Computer Terminal Corporation.
The intelligent terminal Datapoint 2200.
A month prior to the public offering, the company began development of Datapoint 2200. Then in November of that year, the design of the central processing unit was given to Victor (Vic) D. Poor and Harry S. Pyle, who were outside consultants to Datapoint. Although I was not in communication with either at that time, my understanding was that they expected to implement the central processing unit by utilizing the potential of large scale integration semiconductor technology. In December of 1969, Datapoint asked Intel and Texas Instrument to implement the central processing unit design using large scale integration. Intel agreed. Intel initially named the 8-bit microprocessor project the 1201, and it was subsequently renamed the 8008.
The delay in the introduction of the 8008.
Intel's main business at the time was to design and manufacture 1,024-bit dynamic random access memory chips. Intel also undertook designing a programmable calculator chip set for Busicom of Japan (later named the 4004). When Intel realized that the capacity of its technical staff was not sufficient to develop both products at the same time, it shelved development of the 8008. Datapoint then let Texas Instruments implement the design on a single microprocessor chip. Texas Instruments promptly filed for a patent application on such implementation. After Texas Instruments encountered yield problems, Datapoint implemented the central processing unit of the 2200 using random logic integrated circuits (Malone, 1995; Noyce and Hoff, 1981; Poor, 1996).
Meeting with Robert Noyce of Intel.
As soon as I heard that Intel had shelved the 8008 development I met with Dr. Noyce, who was Intel's CEO at the time. I expressed to him my view that the 4004 was unsuitable for general purpose use because, among other things, its 4-bit wide type size was insufficient even to represent alphabetical characters. I conveyed to him my conviction that an 8-bit single-chip microprocessor would revolutionize the computer industry and I urged him to resume the 8008 project. I suggested that I might be the 8008′s first customer. Dr. Noyce agreed to complete the development of the 8008 after first completing the 4-bit chip-set for Busicom. He added that Intel would need to obtain a release from Datapoint before the 8008 project could resume. I told Dr. Noyce that I would talk to Phil Ray, the president of Datapoint, about granting the needed release. I returned to San Antonio and met with Phil Ray, who agreed to provide Intel with the requested release.
The Intel 8008 and 8080 single chip 8-bit microprocessors.
The 8008 first led to the design of the 8080 and eventually to the Pentium processor. Naturally, there was no design commonality between the 4004 and the subsequent microprocessor family. Faced with the facts that the logic design of the 8008 was made by Datapoint and its initial chip implementation was covered by a Texas Instruments patent application, Intel conferred on 4004 the status of the first microprocessor.
Datapoint's contribution to the advent of the microprocessor era was virtually unknown. I felt that this ought to be corrected. In 1975, I was scheduled to chair the opening session at the IEEE International Conference in New York, which was titled "The Microcomputer Revolution." I asked Gus Roche to present a paper on Datapoint's contribution. He agreed. Shortly before the conference, he died in a car accident.
Figure 3. Daniel Alroy comments on the Microcomputer Revolution, the opening session of the 1975 International IEEE Conference, which he organized and chaired.
Prior to Datapoint's public offering, I discussed my view that the Datapoint 3300 was based on flawed assumptions with Jim Walden, the Managing Partner of Phillips, Appel & Walden. In response, he suggested that if I could design a better product, I should do so, and that he would invite some private investors to provide me with seed capital. As a result, Q1 Corporation was formed.
Figure 4. The Q1 Lite, which was installed in the eleven bases of NASA. It utilized the Intel 8080, second generation microprocessor.
The 8008-based Q1 microcomputer system.
In April 1972, Intel introduced the 8008, which was the first 8-bit single chip microprocessor. On December 11, 1972, Q1 Corporation delivered a microcomputer system based on the Intel 8008 microprocessor to the Litcom Division of Litton Industries in Melville, Long Island. This was the very first delivery of a microcomputer system.
Sale of know-how to Nixdorf Computer Company.
Early in 1973, Dr. Ron Sommer arranged for me to meet with Mr. Heinz Nixdorf, who was the founder and president of Nixdorf Computer Company of Paderborn, Germany. Following that meeting, Q1 Corporation received ten monthly payments of $40,000 from Nixdorf Computer Company in exchange for a sale of know-how (Electronic News, June 18, 1973). The income from the know-how sale expedited the development of the 8080-based Q1 microcomputer system.
Figure 4.3 Printed circuit board of the Q1 Lite microcomputer system.
The 8080-based Q1 microcomputer system.
In April of 1974, Intel introduced a second-generation 8-bit microprocessor, the 8080. That month, Q1 shipped a pre-production unit of its 8080-based microcomputer system, on loan and with a buy option, to the Israeli Air Force. In June 1974, Q1 received a follow-up order for a number of 8080-based systems, which were subject to acceptance tests. The first two 8080-based systems were delivered in August 1974, and the pre-production unit was returned to Q1.
In May of 1973, Mircal, in France, introduced a special-purpose process controller. In the fall of that year, Jonathan Titus offered the Mark-8, an 8008 assembly-kit for the hobbyist market (Titus 1974). Neither product was a self-contained, general-purpose computer system, nor were they intended to be. Late in 1974, Altair began offering the Altair 8800 kit for the hobby market, based on the Intel 8080 chip. The Altair 8800 kit, like the 8008 products of Mircal and Titus, was never intended to be a self-contained general-purpose computer system. During the period of 1973-1974, Q1 Corporation was the only company in the world to deliver self-contained, general-purpose microcomputer systems.
The National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA).
In 1974, Computer Science Corporation made a study of microcomputer systems for NASA. Based on the recommendation of the Computer Science Corporation, the Q1 Lite computer systems were installed in all eleven NASA bases.
Figure 4.6 Sophisticated customer reports on its experience with the Q1 Lite.
In 1979, the National Enterprise Board, an entity of the British Government, invested $11.5 million in a joint venture with Q1 Corporation (Electronic News, August 20, 1979).
Figure 5. Q1 Facility in Hauppauge. The flags indicate some of the countries where Q1 computers were installed.
Returning to my core interest.
My involvement in the computer field was subsidiary to my interest in the relation of mind and brain. Running a public company is not a 9–5 job. It did not allow me, for example, to complete my doctoral studies. The time had come for me to return to my core interest. The joint venture with the UK's National Enterprise Board was the opportune moment to install a president in my place.
Recapitulating the two basic assumptions.
Q1 was formed on the basis of two assumptions: The first assumption related to semiconductor technology—that the increase in the number of transistors per unit area, and the corresponding decrease in the cost per transistor, will continue. The second assumption related to computer system design—that there would be an advantage in convergent system design. Looking back, each is reviewed in turn.
Figure 6.1.1 The semiconductor revolution is best exemplified by the billion-fold-increase in the transistor density in 15 generations of RAM chips.
Fifteen generations of memory chips.
Present-day dynamic random access memory chip contains about one billion transistors. It may be viewed in terms of three stages of thousandfold increase in the number of transistors per unit area, where each such major stage consists of five generations of quadrupling the number of transistors per chip.
A major development in human history.
The size of the silicon chip has remained substantially the same. Hence, present-day memory chip represents a billion-fold increase in the number of transistors per unit area. Moreover, the production cost per unit area has also remained about the same. Consequently, the billion-fold increase in the number of transistors per unit area reflects a billion-fold decrease in the cost per transistor, as if a ten million dollar mansion in 1960 cost a penny now. Multiplying the reduction in the cost per transistor by the increased processing speed yields an estimate of the drop in computing cost, which comes to about thirty-two trillion-fold. If the above reasoning is basically correct, then the semiconductor revolution is the most significant technological event in human history.
Convergence involves the reduction in the number of types of equipment that are needed to perform a set of tasks. Convergence implies the counterintuitive notion that a general-purpose system can perform tasks with greater specificity than equipment custom made for a given purpose. But, consider, for example, the facsimile function. Given the ubiquitous use of a personal computer with an inkjet printer, scanner, and a modem, it can replace a fax machine, perform fax functions better than a fax machine, and do so at zero additional hardware cost. Convergence was chosen as a design criterion on the belief that it is an elusive concept, and would thus allow the company to extend its lead-time. This assumption has proved correct. Andrew Grove, the former president of Intel, denied the validity of convergence as a design criterion for information technology products. Lou Gerstner, the former president of IBM, while recognizing the validity of convergence, viewed it primarily in terms of interoperability. To this day, there is no adequate and explicit characterization of what convergence entails.
Inductive generalization is a key to convergence. In most cases, a solution to a stated problem cannot be effective unless that stated problem is first replaced by its generalized version. Then, the proposed solution needs to be generalized as well. The office function is an example of a problem we sought to generalize from the outset. Some office functions differ by the type of industry and by the size of companies. We focused on those functions that are common to companies regardless of industry type and size. We were then surprised to discover that when defined as such the office function is a major, if not the major, segment in the economies of developed countries. Yet, economists have not recognized that market segment by name. Section 3.2, above, indicates some of our considerations in generalizing solutions in our design of information systems.
Sub-goals are defined relative to goals. Any such goal typically is located in the more distant future than its sub-goals. Any proposed information system must be designed to constitute a sub-goal stage that will converge toward subsequent information systems.
The next major phase in information systems.
The proliferation of personal information devices with overlapping functions signals the end of an era. Currently, most information products fail to satisfy the convergence requirements indicated above. Despite being away from the information technology field for some decades, I seem to be in a unique position to outline the next major phase in information systems and consumer electronics. I intend, therefore, to share this outline with some congenial interested party (provided that it would not take me away from my present focus on the mind/brain). This summer I will seek to identify and establish a relation with such an entity.
Alroy, D. The microcomputer revolution. IEEE International Conference. New York, NY. April, 1975.
Alroy, D. The convergence towards the multifunction microcomputer systems. International Word Processing Association. New Orleans, LA. February, 1978.
Electronic News. January 29, 1973; June 18, 1973; August 20, 1979.
Malone, MS. The Microprocessor: A Biography. New York, NY. Springer-Verlag. 1995.
Metz, R. Mini-Computer: Some Concern. An Interview with Daniel Alroy. New York Times. October 6, 1971.
Noyce, RN and Hoff, ME Jr. A history of microprocessor development at Intel. IEEE Micro. pp 8-21. February, 1981.
Poor, VD. Personal communication. September, 1996.
Titus, J. Build the Mark-8: Your Personal Minicomputer. Radio Electronics. July, 1974.


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Q: python: how to multiply each value in a list against all the values in another list EDIT2: I have removed the rest of the code so I don't spoil the solution. Thank you for your help.
EDIT: I included my whole code. I didn't want to include it because I didn't want to spoil the solution for anyone trying this problem themselves. But I want help so here it is.
I manually am accomplishing this by doing the following but I want this to work on a bigger scale and I refuse to manually copy and paste it that many times. That's not the point of writing code.
x = []
y = []

for i in range(len(x)-1):
products.append(x[0] * y[i])
products.append(x[1] * y[i])
products.append(x[2] * y[i])
products.append(x[3] * y[i])
products.append(x[4] * y[i])
products.append(x[5] * y[i])
products.append(x[6] * y[i])
products.append(x[7] * y[i])
products.append(x[8] * y[i])
products.append(x[9] * y[i])
products.append(x[10] * y[i])
products.append(x[11] * y[i])
products.append(x[12] * y[i])
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products.append(x[14] * y[i])
products.append(x[15] * y[i])
products.append(x[16] * y[i])
products.append(x[17] * y[i])
products.append(x[18] * y[i])
products.append(x[19] * y[i])
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products.append(x[22] * y[i])
products.append(x[23] * y[i])
products.append(x[24] * y[i])
products.append(x[25] * y[i])
products.append(x[26] * y[i])
products.append(x[27] * y[i])
products.append(x[28] * y[i])
products.append(x[29] * y[i])
products.append(x[30] * y[i])
products.append(x[31] * y[i])
products.append(x[32] * y[i])
products.append(x[33] * y[i])
products.append(x[34] * y[i])
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products.append(x[42] * y[i])
products.append(x[43] * y[i])
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products.append(x[57] * y[i])
products.append(x[58] * y[i])
products.append(x[59] * y[i])
products.append(x[60] * y[i])
products.append(x[61] * y[i])
products.append(x[62] * y[i])
products.append(x[63] * y[i])
products.append(x[64] * y[i])
products.append(x[65] * y[i])
products.append(x[66] * y[i])
products.append(x[67] * y[i])
products.append(x[68] * y[i])
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products.append(x[70] * y[i])
products.append(x[71] * y[i])
products.append(x[72] * y[i])
products.append(x[73] * y[i])
products.append(x[74] * y[i])
products.append(x[75] * y[i])
products.append(x[76] * y[i])
products.append(x[77] * y[i])
products.append(x[78] * y[i])
products.append(x[79] * y[i])
products.append(x[80] * y[i])
products.append(x[81] * y[i])
products.append(x[82] * y[i])
products.append(x[83] * y[i])
products.append(x[84] * y[i])
products.append(x[85] * y[i])
products.append(x[86] * y[i])
products.append(x[87] * y[i])
products.append(x[88] * y[i])
products.append(x[89] * y[i])

I know that if you are repeating code you are doing it wrong. I can't figure out how to get this to work.
I tried x[i] * y[i] but that just takes the first value from each and multiplies them.
I tried putting another for loop inside but that didn't work either (same result).
I tried a while loop with j = 0 and having it increase j by 1 each time but that didn't work either (same result).
Please help me understand how I can do this. I know it's possible. I have been practicing in python for a week so please give me a break, I know this is a stupid question.

A: You need to use nested loop
x = []
y = []
products = []
palindromes = []

for i in range(10, 100):
    x.append(i)
# print(x)

for i in range(10, 100):
    y.append(i)
# print(y)

for i in range(len(y)):
    for j in range(len(x)):
        products.append(x[j] * y[i])

for i in range((len(products)-1)):
    a = str(products[i])
    b = tuple(a)
    c = b[::-1]
    if b == c:
        print('palindrome found!', a)
        print('b value:', b)
        print('c value:', c)
        palindromes.append(a)

solutions = list(map(int, palindromes))
solutions.sort()
print(solutions)

This is called the nested loop. Variable i is iterating for length of y minus 1 and variable j is iterating for length of x minus 1.

A: There's no need to do
for i in range(10, 100):
    x.append(i)

You can make a list from a range object like this:
x = list(range(10, 100))

However, there's no need to make those x and y lists. You can create a list of the products by iterating directly over the ranges. For example:
products = []
for x in range(10, 100):
    for y in range(10, 100):
        products.append(x * y)

To make a list just containing the palindromes:
def is_palindrome(n):
    s = str(n)
    return s == s[::-1]

products = []
for x in range(10, 100):
    for y in range(10, 100):
        n = x * y
        if is_palindrome(n):
            products.append(n)

You can then do max(products) to find the highest palindrome that is the product of two two-digit numbers.
Here's a more compact way, using a generator expression, so it doesn't need to build a list:
r = range(10, 100)
print(max(filter(is_palindrome, (x * y for x in r for y in r))))

A: Your for loop is equivalent to this:
products=[i*j for i in x[:-1] for j in y]

A: You can use Kaushal Kumar Singh's solution, or here are two other solutions. However, in programming there is no universal solution, a lot of solutions can co-exist.
Code 1:
products = [i * j for i, j in zip(x, y)]

Code 2:
from operator import mul

products = list(map(mul, x, y))


Outside Thoughts centres on the issue of perspective in relation to Australian identity, in both a critical and geographical sense. The connection between aerial viewpoints and the national psyche – a feature of the history of Australian landscape painting – is used as a starting point for the exhibition. Responding to this idea in a broad sense, the participating Australian artists will adopt imagined 'outside' perspectives in their work, linking geographical representation with evocations of Australia's cultural, historical and political character.


Roy George Lucas peacefully left this world Dec. 21, 2012, dying of natural causes.
He was born April 28, 1939, to Mildred and Glen Lucas in Libby. His father Glen was killed in a logging accident when Roy was less than a year old, and he always knew and called his step-father Duane Whitehouse "Dad." Soon a brother and sister joined the family, Sara Ann and Kent Whitehouse.
Roy was very involved in sports during his childhood and high school years and earned the distinction of captain of the football team and MVP several years running.
Roy received his engineering certificate from Northern Montana College in Havre after high school and was promptly employed by the United States Forest Service as a drafting engineer, designing many roads and campgrounds in Northwestern Montana. One among many that is well known in the Eureka area is Therriault Lakes campground.
Roy met and married Bonnie Walker in 1960 and they had two daughters, Jackie and Heidi. The family resided in Libby until 1965 during which time Roy was very involved in the Jaycees. Roy was also an avid classic car enthusiast during this time of his life.
Roy loved Montana and Idaho, where he lived all his life, with the exception of a brief three year period from 1965 to1968 when he moved his young family to San Rafael, Calif., where he worked at Pacific Gas and Electric.
Roy loved to camp and be outdoors as much as possible, enjoying hunting, fishing and any activity that took him into the mountains to see God's glorious creation. He also had an immense love of animals, especially dogs, of which he rescued several, giving them loving homes.
In 1968 Roy returned to Montana and the Forest Service, working at Murphy Lake Ranger station, Raven Ranger Station and Eureka Ranger Station. Roy and Bonnie were divorced in 1972. After taking a Forest Service transfer to Orofino, Idaho, he met and married Karen Carlson. He was overjoyed to have Karen in his life, along with her five wonderful children: Terry, Rick, Mike, Rob, and Dena.
Roy also met lifelong friends John and Peggy Haight, whom he always considered family and who were truly a blessing to him more than they could ever know.
Roy is survived by his wife Karen Lucas of Columbia Falls; mother Mildred Whitehouse; brother Kent Whitehouse and sister Sara Ann Whitehouse, all of Libby; daughters Jackie Lynn (Lucas) LeBlanc and husband Robert Joseph LeBlanc of Fortine; Heidi Jo (Lucas) Freemantle of Jimboomba, Australia; Rick Carlson of Columbia Falls; Mike Carlson of Clarkston, Wash.; Dena Carlson of Clarkston, Wash.; 14 grandchildren: Robert, Aaron, Hannah, Maya, Kelly, Mikeal, Kendra, Dylan, Trevor, Wyatte, David, Johnny, Jeffery and Ashley; many wonderful aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews and cousins.
He was preceded in death by step-sons, Terry Carlson and Rob Carlson, his father Glen Lucas, and step-father Duane Whitehouse.
Roy was a wonderful man always putting others' needs before his own. He had an infectious laugh and a wonderful sense of humor. He brightened the lives of all who came into contact with him. The void he leaves in our lives is immense, but we rejoice that he has flown away to be with his Lord and savior Jesus Christ and is free from the pain and sickness of this world. Good-bye our brother, son, father, husband, grandfather, uncle and friend. We will miss you.
Services were Saturday, Dec. 29, at Christ Lutheran Church in Libby.
Arrangements are by Schnackenberg & Nelson Funeral Home in Libby.


Murrieta, CA – The 2006 Monsters of Destruction National Monster Truck Series kicks off in Roswell, New Mexico with Rounds 1 & 2 at the Eastern New Mexico State Fairgrounds March 10th and 11th. The field will consist of six of the world's best monster trucks including the 2005 MOD Champion, Dragon Slayer, Bigfoot, Samson, Spider-Man, Obsession and Monster Jerky (formally Big Dummy).
Several changes were made during this off season with regards to the series. Each truck will receive two qualifying passes, one in each lane and will be bracketed according to its best time in qualifying. Each event will also have a purse payout dedicated for that event. Trucks will be paid based on their finish in Straight Line Drags and Obstacle Course Racing. New timing equipment has also been developed specifically for MOD which will include reaction times for each truck and staging lights.
Points will be given based on the trucks placement at each round of competition and an end-of-year points fund is being created. The points fund will be based on a percentage of national sponsorship secured for the series. Start line, finish line and pit area cameras will also be present at each round of competition so that the fans can see the reaction times of the trucks for each race, the insanely close finishes and all the happenings in the pits during the event.
The MOD Series is the truest form of monster truck racing currently available. The goal of the MOD Series is to bring back true and accurate monster truck racing to the sport and the fan. And if you cannot attend a live event all rounds of competition will be televised nationally on The Outdoor Channel.
The MOD - Behind the Scenes television series has also made some changes for 2006. Each show is being shot and produced in High Definition and the MOD - Behind the Scenes cameras will be at each round of competition, guaranteeing you a true insight of the ins and outs of the MOD Series.


Michelle Obama's mother – Marian Robinson – wasn't about to let the former FLOTUS' spotlight appearance at the Grammy's go to her head with a distinctly off-hand series of texts suggesting the 'real stars' weren't her daughter.
Born 30 July 1937 in Chicago, she's a tough cookie with a formidable and unyielding Mars in Scorpio trine Pluto trine Saturn in forced-to-be-self-reliant Aries; and her Pluto in a confident opposition to Jupiter. Her Leo Sun squares a Taurus Moon and Uranus – making her independent-minded and stubborn.
It's not the easiest relationship with Michelle since her Leo Sun opposes Michelle's Mars; and her Pluto opposes Michelle's Sun; with her Mars square Michelle's Saturn in Aquarius. Lots of gritty edges in there and power struggles.
Mercifully their relationship chart does have a mutually supportive composite Sun Mercury trine Jupiter which will help to smooth out a few wrinkles. There's a Grand Trine of Venus trine Mars trine Pluto which will mean when they co-operate they make fast progress, though again there'll be moments of tension as well as affection.
Marian's ultra-determined Mars in Scorpio is conjunct Barack's midheaven which will have led either to competitive arguments or she'll have breathed more ambition into him. She won't always have taken kindly to his freedom-loving streak since her Mars square his 7th house Uranus. Her Pluto opposition Jupiter connects with his Saturn in Capricorn Jupiter in Aquarius conjunction – so she arguably did further his idealistic vision. Not a lady to be overlooked.
She was vital in enabling Barack's political career, to begin with. One must remember Obamas were young, working parents when he first started campaigning for a National Seat (and I think Sasha wasn't even born yet). They could not have done it without Marian's help, since Barack's family was already all but gone. She also was with them in Washington. I don't think she wouldn't have, if she hadn't believed firmly in what her "goofy" son-in-law was doing.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Charles Glenn was the second owner of the Hardaway Cottage. He was the head of a fascinating family during a critical period in U.S. and Warm Springs history. Charles and his wife Cathron had four children; three daughters and a son. During WWII the household included Charles and Cathron Glenn, their children; Cathron Glenn Trepagnier, Eleanor Glenn O'Neill, Ann Glenn Corey, and Alexander Lindsey Glenn, as well as grandchildren including the daughter of Cathron Glenn Trepagnier, Cathron Birge who has been communicating with me. In fact, I would consider their time at the Hardaway to be during the "Golden Years" of Polio treatment in Warm Springs.
The Glenns purchased the home because of the mobility needs of both Cathron Glenn, Charles's wife, and his son Alexander. Cathron had rheumatoid arthritis. The elevator was very helpful for her, and in addition their youngest child and only boy Alexander had polio. He received treatment for his polio at the foundation, as it was known at that time. Sometime during the 1940s the Glenn family added a bedroom and handicapped bathroom on the main floor of the home for Alexander. This handicapped access was very unusual for the time period. In fact, all the historic homes on the grounds of the Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation are handicapped accessible.
I was thrilled to have the opportunity to communicate with Cathron Birge, the oldest grandchild of Charles and Cathron Glenn. She was kind enough to share some of her memories with me. She was born at a local hospital in Manchester, GA and brought home to a cottage on the grounds of the institute. Within just a few months the entire family moved into the Hardaway Cottage. She remembers that during her childhood the Hardaway Cottage and the Little White House shared a telephone party line. Also, when FDR was not in town his cook, Daisy Bonner, cooked for the Glenn family. Cathron Birge was not sure if her grandfather and FDR knew each other prior to their purchase of the Hardaway Cottage. But it seems likely that FDR was acquainted with the Glenn family since they were neighbors, and Alex received treatment at the institute. During the 1940's the institute hosted a fund raiser every Thanksgiving, and during one such dinner Alexander was seated at the head table with FDR and was photographed with him.
Another interesting fact about Charles Glenn is that he commuted between Warm Springs, GA and Oak Ridge, TN for work. Oak Ridge was a government created and planned city for the development of the Atom Bomb. This information sent me on a quest for additional information. The book, City Behind a Fence, chronicles the creation of the city and the lives of the men, women and children who lived there. During the 1940's when Oak Ridge was in full swing they never were able to keep up with the demand for housing. It makes sense that Charles would have commuted. With the medical and mobility issues of Alexander and Cathron, and the number of family members there would not have been housing available for the Glenn family.
I have been thrilled to learn about the Glenn family and the history of the Hardaway Cottage. I hope someday to host Cathron Birge and any other Glenn family members. It will be so much fun to hear in person their memories, and you can bet we will get a lot of pictures!
It was our youngest granddaughter who gave the Hardaway Cottage my favorite name as only Ellie could. After seeing the house for the first time she nonchalauntly said "I think we should call the house "The Grand Old Lady." I could not agree more. And this week the Lady got curves. As noted in another post, we designed the front porch early in the process.
You can see a design choice that helps soften the starkness of the house. The curved corners of the porch were designed to make a strong statement and add great visual interest. Easy to draw, more difficult to make in the real world. Glad to say that the beast has been tamed. The internet is filled with all sorts of methods for doing construction projects. When it comes to deck construction it is more difficult to find ideas that also pass current Georgia building codes. Here are images of the deck without the curved corners. The joist structure is almost complete except for the access ramp, stairs, decking, 52 corner braces, 96 joist hangers with 10 nails each, 300 hurricane clips with 10 nails each, and rounded front corners. OK, still some work to go.
Building curves on a deck can be done in several ways. A small calculation was necessary to determine the circumference of the complete circle then the 1/4 portion I was using to make the curve.
flexible to make the curve. One board bent easily with this cut. A second board required an additional 1/4″ depth on the kerf cut to bend correctly. The third board broke at one of the kerf cuts due to a knot. Here is the process.
So, The Lady has Curves. I did the center inside radius by flipping the board and exposing the kerf cuts. I will use a 1/4″ ply to cover the cuts. With some glue in the kerfs it will firm up nicely.
Now on to hurricane clip and joist hangers. If you have never owned or used a palm nailer, you must get one. To hammer 2,400 hanger nails in tight spaces by hand is murder. The mini palm nailer was worth every penny of the $40 investment.
Here is the engineering challenge. How do you match the height of a finished 60′ W x 17'D deck to that of an existing tilting brick porch that sits on top of a sloping hill? Here's what I started with.
The brick porch section at the top of the center stairs is the portion that we are integrating into the wooden porch. The stairs will be covered by the front extension. The large pots will be moved under the lights on either side of the door. This is a freestanding deck so nothing will be attached to the exterior brick of the house. This preserves the historic value of the design and can be removed later if desired.
by 8″ in diameter. On top of these are metal brackets that secure 6″x6″ posts to the concrete footer. The posts are cut to the correct height and notched before placing them in the bracket. The notch holds 2 2x10″ beams that have been nailed together to support the deck joists that form the frame to attach the final layer of decking boards. Each post must be cut to have the final deck height the same as the existing porch. Using a line level I measured the height from each concrete footer to what would be level with the existing porch. After subtracting the thickness of the joist and decking, I had the correct height of the beam for that footer.
The right side of the porch joists is complete except for the rounded corner. The center and left side have all of the boards laid out for the next days work. That will make it easier to complete. Carrying 55 2x8x16's is not an easy task in the Georgia heat with 98% humidity.
Elizabeth and I started discussing the addition of a front porch just a few weeks after purchasing the Hardaway Cottage. Our negotiations started with a 200 square foot deck and ended with a 713 square foot accessible front porch that can accomodate 60 people seated for a small wedding. This challenge but fantastic project would transform the look of the imposing entrance into a warm and inviting comfortable place to spend time with friends.
The Hardaway is an example of Georgian Architecture. These homes were designed to have an imposing entrance that states to the world "we have arrived." It is also a part of why the Hardaway gained the local reputation of "creepy white house on the hill." Elizabeth knew that a well designed front porch would soften the look of the entrance and also give a needed and valuable space to enjoy the house.
Starting with the look and feel we were able to design a deck that gives access from the front door and both Sunroom Windows once they were opened. A wheelchair ramp runs along the side wall of the Sunroom with an almost flat access from the driveway. The image above was created in Sketch-Up. This is the same program used in many HDTV house remodeling shows. It has a steep learning curve and is more like CAD software than graphic design programs. I wrestled with it but eventually got a good rendering to make base decisions.
Next was the budgeting. Every nail, joist hanger, post, beam, joist, and deck board had to be selected and purchased. That meant support to finishing structures had to be designed to meet the 2014 Georgia Prescriptive Deck Building Codes. Had help with that from Rachel and Doug Butler. Thanks guys. The code describes how each portion of the deck is built to sustain the anticipated stress of weight and usage. It gives sizes of footers, support posts, beams, joists, decking, railings, and steps. It also prescibes current codes for how to attach all of the pieces with the proper hardware and fasteners. It still involves way too many choices. Budget, oh yes. The small porch from our original design had material costs of $2,500. The final design with the wrougt iron railing stands at $5,500. However, Elizabeth has designed a stunning porch. It will clearly be a statement piece the home really needed.
The fun begins as we break ground for the footers. Same deck time…same deck channel.


text:
Q: Searching folders and subfolders for a file and get its size depending on the name I have a regular list of strings that contain filenames like
List<string> filenames = new List<string>{ "235253325_23522.jpg" };

What i want to do is iterate over the list and search through a folder and its subfolders and retrieve the file size of the current file name. I want to add upp all the bytes for all the hits from my list.
Just a note, if the filname exists in the list im 100% sure it exists in the main folder or one of the subfolders as well.
I know which folder to search through, im retrieving that through string
adPicturesPath = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AdPicturesPath"];

How would one approach to do this?

A: string adPicturesPath = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["AdPicturesPath"];
List<string> files = new List<string> { "235253325_23522.jpg" };
var allFiles = files.SelectMany(fn => Directory.EnumerateFiles(adPicturesPath, fn, System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories));
long allFileSizeBytes = allFiles.Sum(fn => new FileInfo(fn).Length);