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Home Delhi BCCI's overhaul: Key recommendations of Lodha Panel report
BCCI's overhaul: Key recommendations of Lodha Panel report
Janta Ka Reporter
Here is a synopsis of the key recommendations of the three-member RM Lodha Committee report, submitted with the Supreme Court on 4 January, 2016:
'One State, One Vote'
Only cricket Associations representing the States would have voting rights as Full Members of the Board, thereby ensuring equality among the territorial divisions. Any other existing members would be Associate Members.
'Zones for Tournaments alone'
The Zones would be relevant only for the purpose of the tournaments conducted amongst themselves, but not for nomination to the governance of the Board or to the various Standing Committees.
'State Associations – Uniformity in Structure'
The Associations that are the Members would necessarily have to restrict the tenures of office bearers and prescribe disqualifications, do away with proxy voting, provide transparency in functioning, be open to scrutiny and audit by the BCCI and include players in membership and management. They would also have to abide by the conflict of interest policy prescribed by the Board, and divorce the Association from the social club, if any.
'Limited Tenures & Cooling Off'
While all the existing office bearers (President, Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer and Joint Secretary) are retained in honorary positions, the number of Vice Presidents is pruned from five to one. Their duties have been realigned. The President is shorn of his say in selections. The additional vote for the President at meetings is deleted. The terms of these Office Bearers continue to be of 3 years, but with a maximum of 3 such terms regardless of the post held, with a cooling off period after each such term.
'Governance separated from management'
The 14 member Working Committee is replaced by a 9 member Apex Council (with one-third independent members) consisting of the Office Bearers of the BCCI, an elected representative of the General Body, two representatives of the Players Association (one man and one woman) and one nominee from the C&AG's office. Terms of eligibility and disqualification are specified with a bar on Ministers and government servants.
'Professionalism in management'
Professionalism is brought in by introducing a CEO with strong credentials assisted by a team of managers to handle non-cricketing affairs. The large number of Standing Committees and Sub-Committees created by the BCCI has been reduced to two essential ones that would advice the CEO with reference to tours, technical aspects and tournaments.
The selection, coaching, performance evaluation and umpiring are to be handled by Cricket Committees manned only by former professionals. Specific provisions have been made to encourage cricket for women and the differently-abled.
The IPL
'Limited Autonomy for IPL'
The Governing Council of the IPL is reduced to 9, but includes 2 representatives of the Franchisees and nominees of the Players' Association and the C&AG's office.
'A voice for Players'
There shall be a Cricket Players' Association affording membership to all international and most first class men and women retired cricketers. This Association shall discharge assigned functions with the financial support of the BCCI. It shall be brought into existence by an independent steering committee.
'Arms length for agents'
Players' interests are protected by ensuring that their Agents are registered under the prescribed norms administered by the BCCI and the Players' Cricket Association.
'Avoidance of conflicts'
Detailed norms have been laid down to ensure there is no direct or indirect, pecuniary or other conflict or appearance thereof in the discharge of the functions of those persons associated or employed by the BCCI, its Committees, its Members or the IPL Franchisees. These norms shall be administered by an Ethics Officer.
The Ombudsman and the Electoral Officer
'Independent monitors'
Provision has been made to have an independent ombudsman to resolve grievances of Members, Administrators, Players and even members of the public as per the procedures laid down. Similarly, an independent Electoral Officer to oversee the entire electoral process is also mandated.
'Transparency'
The BCCI must provide the relevant information in discharge of its public functions. All rules and regulations, norms, details of meetings, expenditures, balance sheets, reports and orders of authorities are to be uploaded on the website as well.
'Accountability'
An independent auditor to verify how the Full Members have expended the grants given to them by the BCCI, to record their targets and milestones, and to submit a separate compliance report in this regard.
Betting & Match-fixing
'Legalization for betting and Criminalization for match-fixing'
A recommendation is made to legalize betting (with strong safeguards), except for those covered by the BCCI and IPL regulations. Also a recommendation for match/spot-fixing to be made a criminal offence.
Ethics for Players
'Awareness and sensitization'
Provisions to be made for lectures, classes, handbooks and mentoring of young players.
The Committee fervently hopes that this report will bring cricket fans back to the fold and put an end to regional excesses and imbalances, reign by cliques, corruption and red tape, all of which have harmed the game and the youngsters looking for nothing more than to take the field in flannels.
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Swedish Investment loses €8M over failed Phase I/II for Leukemia
Denise Neves Gameiro - 07/03/2016 2 mins - Medical
Akinion (Sweden) will stop the development of its candidate for leukemia, after patients in phase I/II have experienced liver toxicity. As a result, main investor Karolinska Development takes an €8M hit in its portfolio valuation.
Sad news for Akinion. This Stockholm-based drug developer decided to halt the development of its lead candidate, APN-028. This happens after some patients enrolled in the phase I/II for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) developed severe liver toxicity.
APN-028 is a FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor. FLT3 is abnormaly expressed in most types of AML, and has an important role in the development of blood cells and the immune system.
Fig 1: The chemical structure of AKN-028 (left) and the generic mechanism of action of kinase inhibitors in cancer.
Targeting protein kinases is an established approach for many cancer therapies, and over 10 kinase inhibitors have been approved by the FDA in the last decade. Being a targeted therapy, it was also expected to have less generic cell toxicity.
So this candidate looked like a fairly safe bet. But as Jim Van heusden, the CEO of Karolinska Development, puts it:
It's unfortunate, but also illustrates the risks inherent in investing in the development of novel drug candidates."
Karolinska Development is a Swedish investment company. It invests in medical innovation, usually selected from research conducted at Karolinska Institutet. Counting with Karolinska's resources, these innovations are developed in-house. The end objective is to license the resulting therapies to Big Pharma after successful phase II trials.
The model of interactions between research at Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Innovation (KIAB) and Karolisnka Development (Source: Karolinska Development)
Karolinska Development owns more than 90% of Akinion, which is one of the 12 small companies in its portfolio. Now, this trial failure devaluated the portfolio in roughly €8.36M (SEK 78M).
Despite success in securing partners like Forendo Pharma, the finances of Karolinska Development seem to have seen better days.
Feature image credit: Stockholm Panorama (CC 2.0 Román Emin)
Figure 1 (left) credit: Eriksson et. al (2012) The novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor AKN-028 has significant antileukemic activity in cell lines and primary cultures of acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Cancer Journal (doi: 10.1038/bcj.2012.28)
Figure 1 (right) credit: Cancer Research UK (Cancer growth blockers)
Tags: Cancer, Karolinska Institutet, Leukemia, Sweden
Mallinckrodt Teams up with UK RNAi Biotech in Deal Worth up to €553M

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


When the Chilean chef Rodolfo Guzmán opened his acclaimed restaurant, Borago, in 2006, his nation's restaurant scene was a little sleepy, to say the least. Before Borago, Santigo's most celebrated restaurant served Peruvian, not Chilean food.
Guzmán, who had worked at Andoni Luis Aduriz's acclaimed Spanish restaurant, Mugaritz, understood the possibilities of great cookery. He knew he could change people's perception of Chilean gastronomy. Struggling against local conservatism, and a more general lack of knowledge when it came to Chile's flora and fauna, Guzmán stuck up a relationship with his local university's chemstry, biology and botany departments to better understand Chile's hugely varied ingredients. He connected the ancient knowledge and cookery techniques of local, indigenous Mapuche Indian tribes, with the pioneering work of René Redzepi and Ferran Adrià , to create, or should that be uncover and refine, his nation's larder. Rather than limit himself to fruits, grains, meat and fish, Guzmán has dug down to include roots, flowers, algae in his remarkable cookery, winning over international food critics; his restaurant was ranked 42 in the World's 50 Best list of 2017, and can only climb higher, as this pioneering chef strikes out further into Chile's gastronomic hinterland.
Internationally acclaimed star chef Rodolfo Guzmán of Boragó introduces the exciting world of high-end Chilean gastronomy.
Chef Rodolfo Guzmán serves a dynamic, wildly imaginative tasting menu at his acclaimed Santiago restaurant Boragó, using only native Chilean ingredients – often reinventing his courses mid-service. The book combines his fascinating narratives about Chilean geography and ingredients, his never-before-published notebook sketches of dishes and creative processes, and gorgeous landscape and food photographs that introduce readers to the distinctive pleasures of Chilean culture and cuisine. This is rounded off by Guzmán's selection of 100 savoury and sweet recipes exclusively chosen from the menu at Boragó.


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Watch > Episode > Greg Nicotero - The Walking Dead
Arts & Culture, Creativity, Film-Movies, Television
Greg Nicotero - The Walking Dead
Greg Nicotero is a special, makeup effects creator, television producer, and director. For the last 8 years he has served as the producing director, and EFX designer on the hit television series, The Walking DeadHis career in the film industry spans 35 years with his first work in special effects makeup, on George Romero's 1985 film "Day of the Dead". After that he formed his own special, makeup effects, studio which has worked for over 400 film and television projects, and won 4 Primetime Emmy Awards. Greg has collaborated with Directors such Steven Spielberg and Quentin Tarantino, and his credits include the movies Pulp Fiction, Boogie Nights, Kill Bill Volumes 1 and 2, Sin City and Breaking Bad. The Walking Dead continues Mondays at 9pm on FOX.
Greg Nicotero on IMDb
Greg Nicotero on Twitter
Greg Nicotero on Instagram
05:28 How Greg gained his early passion for visual effects and the freeing art form of film making
08:24 What he hopes the audience takes from watching his films
10:38 The difference in directing for and audience experience of cinema and television
14:20 Why Greg didn't do as his parents wanted him to
18:01 Why people watch horror films and how their brain processes what they see
26:54 Jaws gave Greg nightmares, but felt he'd been hit by lightning after meeting Steven Spielberg
34:47 Initial call to Walking Dead and how it has become such a phenomenon
39:38 The effect of gaming on the zombie culture
42:18 What about Greg has made him the go to guy for special effects
44:21 The hidden work that goes on behind the scenes: learning to balance story, acting and special effects
48:04 Greg runs an annual Zombies school
50:12 How to keep the Zombies fresh in a long running series
51:55 Which creation even disturbed Greg
53:20 What it was like to work with Quentin Tarantino
58:07 Success secrets
58:47 Thankful to parents for letting him follow his dream
59:29 Brian's summing up.


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The American Board of Pediatrics Response to the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Petition
David G Nichols, MD, MBA
Suzanne K Woods, MD
View Abstract for The American Board of Pediatrics Response to the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Petition
Society of Hospital Medicine Position on the American Board of Pediatrics Response to the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Petition
Weijen W Chang, MD
Akshata M Hopkins, MD
Kris P Rehm, MD
Sandra L Gage, MD, PhD
Mark Shen, MD MBA
View Abstract for Society of Hospital Medicine Position on the American Board of Pediatrics Response to the Pediatric Hospital Medicine Petition
Speaker Introductions at Internal Medicine Grand Rounds: Forms of Address Reveal Gender Bias.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2017 May;26(5):413-419. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2016.6044. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
The role of collective action in enhancing communities' adaptive capacity to environmental risk: an exploration of two case stud
PLoS Curr. 2011 Oct 24;3:RRN1279. doi: 10.1371/currents.RRN1279.
Collective Action and Effective Dialogue to Address Gender Bias in Medicine
By: Jessica M Gold, MD, MS, Jessica M Allan, MD, Shawn L Ralston, MD, MA, MS, H Barrett Fromme, MD, MHPE, Arti D Desai, MD, MSPH
In 2016, Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM) was recognized as a subspecialty under the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP), one of 24 certifying boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties. As with all new ABP subspecialty certification processes, a "practice pathway" with specific eligibility criteria allows individuals with expertise and sufficient practice experience within the discipline to take the certification examination. For PHM, certification via the practice pathway is permissible for the 2019, 2021, and 2023 certifying examinations.1 In this perspective, we provide an illustration of ABP leadership and the PHM community partnering to mitigate unintentional gender bias that surfaced after the practice pathway eligibility criteria were implemented. We also provide recommendations to revise these criteria to eliminate future gender bias and promote equity in medicine.
In July 2019, individuals within the PHM community began to share stories of being denied eligibility to sit for the 2019 exam.2 Some of the reported denials were due to an eligibility criterion related to "practice interruptions", which stated that practice interruptions cannot exceed three months in the preceding four years or six months in the preceding five years. Notably, some women reported that their applications were denied because of practice interruptions due to maternity leave. These stories raised significant concerns of gender bias in the board certification process and sparked collective action to revise the board certification eligibility criteria. A petition was circulated within the PHM community and received 1,479 signatures in two weeks.
Given the magnitude of concern, leaders within the PHM community, with support from the American Academy of Pediatrics, collaboratively engaged with the ABP and members of the ABP PHM subboard to improve the transparency and equity of the eligibility process. As a result of this activism and effective dialogue, the ABP revised the PHM board certification eligibility criteria and removed the practice interruption criterion.1 Through this unique experience of advocacy and partnership in medicine, the PHM community and ABP were able to work together to mitigate unintentional gender bias in the board certification process. However, this collaboration must continue as we believe the revised criteria remain unintentionally biased against women.
Gender bias is defined as the unfair difference in the way men and women are treated.3 Maternal bias is further characterized as bias experienced by mothers related to motherhood, often involving discrimination based on pregnancy, maternity leave, or breastfeeding. Both are common in medicine. Two-thirds of physician mothers report experiencing gender bias and more than a third experience maternal bias.4 This bias may be explicit, or intentional, but often the bias is unintentional. This bias can occur even with equal representation of women and men on committees determining eligibility, and even when the committee believes it is not biased.5 Furthermore, gender or maternal bias negatively affects individuals in medicine in regards to future employment, career advancement, and compensation.6-11
Given these implications, we celebrate the removal of the practice interruptions criterion as it was unintentionally biased against women. Eligibility criteria that considered practice interruptions would have disproportionately affected women due to leaves related to pregnancy and due to discrepancies in the length of parental leave for mothers versus fathers. Though the ABP's initial review of cases of denial did not demonstrate a significant difference in the proportion of men and women who were denied, these data may be misleading. Potential reasons why the ABP did not find significant differences in denial rates between women and men include: (1) some women who had recent maternity leaves chose not to apply because of concerns they may be denied; or (2) some women did not disclose maternity leaves on their application because they did not interpret maternity leave to be a practice interruption. This "self-censoring" may have resulted in incomplete data, making it difficult to fully understand the differential impact of this criterion on women versus men. Therefore, it is essential that we as a profession continue to identify any areas where gender bias exists in determining eligibility for certification, employment, or career advancement within medicine and eliminate it.
Despite the improvements made in the revised criteria, further revision is necessary to remove the criterion related to the "start date", which will differentially affect women. This criterion states that an individual must have started their PHM practice on or before July of the first year of a four-year look-back period (eg, July 2015 for the 2019 cycle). We present three theoretical cases to illustrate gender bias with respect to this criterion (Table). Even though Applicants #2 and #3 accrue far more than the minimum number of hours in their first year—and more hours overall than Applicant #1—both of these women will remain ineligible under the revised criteria. While Applicant #2 could be eligible for the 2021 or 2023 cycle, Applicant #3, who is new to PHM practice in 2019 as a residency graduate, will not be eligible at all under the practice pathway due to delayed graduation from residency.
Parental leave during residency following birth of a child may result in the need to make up the time missed.12 This means that more women than men will experience delayed entry into the workforce due to late graduation from residency.13 Women who experience a gap in employment at the start of their PHM practice due to pregnancy or childbirth will also be differentially affected by this criterion. If this same type of gap were to occur later in the year, it would no longer impact a woman's eligibility under the revised criteria. Therefore, we implore the ABP to reevaluate this criterion which results in a hidden "practice interruption" penalty. Removing eligibility criteria related to practice interruptions, wherever they may occur, will not only eliminate systematic bias against women, but may also encourage men to take paternity leave, for which the benefits to both men and women are well described.14,15
We support the ABP's mission to maintain the public's trust by ensuring PHM board certification is an indicator that individuals have met a high standard. We acknowledge that the ABP and PHM subboard had to draw a line to create minimum standards. The start date and four-year look-back criteria were informed by prior certification processes, and the PHM community was given the opportunity to comment on these criteria prior to final ABP approval. However, now that we have become aware of how the start date criteria can differentially impact women and men, we must reevaluate this line to ensure that women and men are treated equally. Similar to the removal of the practice interruptions criterion, we do not believe that removal of the start date criterion will in any way compromise these standards. A four-year look-back period will still be in place and individuals will still be required to accrue the minimum number of hours in the first year and each subsequent year of the four-year period.
Despite any change in the criteria, there will be individuals who remain ineligible for PHM board certification. We will need to rely on institutions and the societies that lead PHM to remember that not all individuals had the opportunity to certify as a pediatric hospitalist, and for some, this was due to maternity leave. No woman should have to worry about her future employment when considering motherhood.
We hope the lessons learned from this experience will be informative for other specialties considering a new certification. Committees designing new criteria should have proportional representation of women and men, inclusion of underrepresented minorities, and members with a range of ages, orientations, identities, and abilities. Criteria should be closely scrutinized to evaluate if a single group of people is more likely to be excluded. All application reviewers should undergo training in identifying implicit bias.16 Once eligibility criteria are determined, they should be transparent to all applicants, consistently applied, and decisions to applicants should clearly state which criteria were or were not met. Regular audits should be conducted to identify any bias. Finally, transparent and respectful dialogue between the certifying board and the physician community is paramount to ensuring continuous quality improvement in the process.
The PHM experience with this new board certification process highlights the positive impact that the PHM community had engaging with the ABP leadership, who listened to the concerns and revised the eligibility criteria. We are optimistic that this productive relationship will continue to eliminate any gender bias in the board certification process. In turn, PHM and the ABP can be leaders in ending gender inequity in medicine.
The authors have nothing to disclose.
1. Nichols DG, Woods SK. The American Board of Pediatrics response to the Pediatric Hospital Medicine petition. J Hosp Med. 2019;14(10):586-588. https://doi.org/10.12788/jhm.3322
2. Don't make me choose between motherhood and my career. https://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2019/08/dont-make-me-choose-between-motherh.... Accessed September 16, 2019.
3. GENDER BIAS | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary. April 2019. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/gender-bias.
4. Adesoye T, Mangurian C, Choo EK, Girgis C, Sabry-Elnaggar H, Linos E. Perceived discrimination experienced by physician mothers and desired workplace changes: A cross-sectional survey. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177(7):1033-1036. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1394
5. Régner I, Thinus-Blanc C, Netter A, Schmader T, Huguet P. Committees with implicit biases promote fewer women when they do not believe gender bias exists. Nat Hum Behav. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0686-3
6. Trix F, Psenka C. Exploring the color of glass: Letters of recommendation for female and male medical faculty. Discourse Soc. 2003;14(2):191-220. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926503014002277
7. Correll SJ, Benard S, Paik I. Getting a job: Is there a motherhood penalty? Am J Sociol. 2007;112(5):1297-1339. https://doi.org/10.1086/511799
8. Aamc. Analysis in Brief - August 2009: Unconscious Bias in Faculty and Leadership Recruitment: A Literature Review; 2009. https://implicit.harvard.edu/. Accessed September 10, 2019.
9. Wright AL, Schwindt LA, Bassford TL, et al. Gender differences in academic advancement: patterns, causes, and potential solutions in one US College of Medicine. Acad Med. 2003;78(5):500-508. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200305000-00015
10. Weaver AC, Wetterneck TB, Whelan CT, Hinami K. A matter of priorities? Exploring the persistent gender pay gap in hospital medicine. J Hosp Med. 2015;10(8):486-490. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.2400
11. Frintner MP, Sisk B, Byrne BJ, Freed GL, Starmer AJ, Olson LM. Gender differences in earnings of early- and midcareer pediatricians. Pediatrics. September 2019:e20183955. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3955
12. Section on Medical Students, Residents and Fellowship Trainees, Committee on Early Childhood. Parental leave for residents and pediatric training programs. Pediatrics. 2013;131(2):387-390. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-3542
13. Jagsi R, Tarbell NJ, Weinstein DF. Becoming a doctor, starting a family — leaves of absence from graduate medical education. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(19):1889-1891. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp078163
14. Nepomnyaschy L, Waldfogel J. Paternity leave and fathers' involvement with their young children. Community Work Fam. 2007;10(4):427-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668800701575077
15. Andersen SH. Paternity leave and the motherhood penalty: New causal evidence. J Marriage Fam. 2018;80(5):1125-1143. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12507.
16. Girod S, Fassiotto M, Grewal D, et al. Reducing Implicit Gender Leadership Bias in Academic Medicine With an Educational Intervention. Acad Med. 2016;91(8):1143-1150. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000001099


This incredible two bedroom home features three large windows with beautiful Eastern views of Williamsburg. With beamed 117 ceilings in the living room, this phenomenal space epitomizes the ideal in authentic Williamsburg loft living. The open Chefs kitchen comes equipped with a fully integrated Smart tech Dacor refrigerator, Bertazzoni four-burner gas stove, Sharp microwave oven and Asko dishwasher; this is the ideal layout for entertaining and for the discerning chef.
The white matte-lacquered custom cabinets, brushed Caesarstone concrete countertops, hand-painted Japanese Kyoto backsplash, custom pendant lights and Kohler purist chrome fixtures enhance the art and beauty of your culinary experience. The master bathroom features Pietre DItalia Nero mosaic floor tile and honed Gioia Carrara stone walls. The second bathroom features Pietre DItalia Grigio mosaic floor tile and Evolution Rustic glossy tile walls. Both bathrooms include beautiful Kohler purist chrome fixtures and walnut vanities topped off with custom light pendants and blackened steel accents.
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It is often asked that the ethical side of Islam that Muslims explain is also present in other religions and doctrines. Then, what is so special in quoting universal ethics in defense of Islam's uniqueness?
One must understand that belief in Islam does not imply that no other doctrine can have any single good thing. In other writings, we have tried to analyze the arguments of Atheism and tried to show that it is based on very unreasonable biases. In this article, we briefly try to present Islamic viewpoint on major Abrahamic religions and explain the points of differences. Islam has a clear worldview based on Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and Akhirat (Afterlife accountability). Other major religions either have explicit 'polytheism' and/or wrong perspective about afterlife accountability.
Jews used to say that the hell-fire will not touch them. Holy Quran asks them why not they demand death so that they get paradise automatically if they think that hell-fire will not touch them (Al-Baqarah: verse 94). It is a historical fact that they killed the Prophets (pbuh) of Allah (Al-Baqarah: verse 61). They adulterated their scriptures and when Prophet Muhamad (pbuh) came with the message of Allah, they did not accept it not because of any confusion since arrival of Muhammad (pbuh) was foretold in their religious scriptures, but because they believed that they were a superior nation than Bani-Ismail. However, Islam does not endorse superiority of any nation over another.
If Jews have the truth and if they are Allah's chosen people, why not they proselytize and try to save other humans from darkness. But, they do not proselytize. Hence, according to them, Allah has favored one nation, will give them paradise and save them from hell-fire no matter what sins they do and others (non-Jews) cannot get salvage no matter what. A major portion of Quran is a historic reflection of this disobedience done time and again.
Christianity equates a Prophet as Allah or son of Allah. As per Islamic faith, Jesus (pbuh) was a prophet of Allah. He was neither Allah nor a son of Allah. He was sent as a messenger of Allah to remind people of their duty to follow the guidance of Allah and was not sent to take up sins of others and sacrifice His life for Adam's (pbuh) sin. Adam (pbuh) was forgiven upon repentance by Allah as told by Quran and as believed by Muslims (Al-Araf: verse 23).
Therefore, these conceptions about Tawheed and afterlife accountability result in vague ethical responsibility and inconsistent commitment to justice. Message of Islam invites people of all faiths, race, color, region and gender towards its message of peace, excellence of character and living in harmony with nature and environment. It also constantly reminds Muslims of their duty to uphold its message and follow it and do not commit injustice even with enemies (A-Maida: verse 8).
This entry was posted in General Issues About Islam, Socio-Political Issues and tagged Capitalism, Crony Capitalism, Ethics, Islam, Modernism, Post Modernism, Secularism. Bookmark the permalink.
Good read. But how does your article argues for the title?
Zeerak, in simple words, ethics is to be reflected comprehensively in behavior, actions, attitude and relations in individual and collective spheres of life. Secondly, important thing in ethics discourse is that what is the motivation behind an ethical action. If that motivation is weak, founded on weak basis, then it will reflect inconsistently in actions. Getting away from an ethical responsibility through codified laws is clever or is it unethical? Take another example. Raymond Davis killed civilians in Pakistan, but was set free in Pakistan, but then arrested over a minor traffic violation in US. In studying any religion or comprehensive doctrine, it is important that there are necessary incentives and provision of deterministic justice for ethical and unethical behavior.


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Computer Engineering Minor
Dual Degree in CpE + Biomedical Engineering
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Led by ECE, ISTeC focuses on the future of technology through research, education, and outreach activities.
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Advanced Thin Film Laboratory
Professor: Carmen Menoni
ERC B108/B312
This facility provides the infrastructure to grow and characterize ultrathin amorphous oxides which are used to engineer multilayer dielectric coatings. Two ion beam sputtering systems are used to deposit metal-oxides and metal-oxide mixtures. The facility is equipped with state-of-the-art optical characterization instrumentation which is used to assess the optical properties of thin films and multilayers. This Laboratory supports research on ultra-low internal friction for gravitational wave detectors as LIGO and on high performance near infrared coatings for Tera and Peta-Watt class lasers.
Articulated Motion Laboratory
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This laboratory supports research activities in the simulation, analysis, design, and control of articulated motion generated by either biological or robotic systems. The emphasis is on the class of articulated systems that are kinematically redundant, and therefore capable of highly complex and dexterous motions. Current research activities include the development of failure tolerant robotic systems for use in hazardous or remote environments and the motion control of redundant robotic systems for additive manufacturing.
Bioanalytical Lab for Integrated Sensor Systems (BLISS)
Professor: Tom Chen
Location: Scott Bioengineering 169/180
The Bioanalytical Lab for Integrated Sensor Systems (BLISS) is a research group at Colorado State University that focuses on developing analytical devices integrating microelectronics, microfluidics, chemistry, and biology to address pressing challenges in medicine and global health. BLISS works jointly with a number of other research laboratories in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, to engage in multidisciplinary research activities to bring new diagnostic and medical instrumentation technologies to the field. The interdisciplinary research activities include design and manufacturing of integrated circuits and integrated fluidic devices, device surface preparation, and test and characterization of devices in a variety of application settings.
Biomedical Optoelectronic Sensors and Simulations (BOSS) Lab
Professor: Kevin Lear
Research in the BOSS Lab centers on devices and systems for enhancing biomedical knowledge and applications. Many projects involve microfabricated sensors that combine optics (or photonics), electronics, and fluidics. Current topics under investigation include lab-on-a-chip cytometers incorporating optical and electrical impedance detection for use in parasitology and other diagnostics. A new area of investigation is the application of semiconductor and optical device simulation principles to neurophysiology and other areas of computational neuroscience.
Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of Atmosphere (CASA)
Professor: V. Chandrasekar
Engineering C209
Chill Radar Facility
Formerly located in Chicago, Illinois (thus the name CHILL), this facility is operated by the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Department of Atmospheric Science.
Computer Networking Research Laboratory
Professor: Anura Jayasumana
CNRL conducts research on a broad range of topics related to network science and network engineering. On-going projects include the detection of emerging patterns in networks, mining social networks, detection of domestic radicalization, graph databases, network sampling and reconstruction, network measurements and the Internet of Things (IoT). Prior projects include P2P networks, high-speed networking for radars, subsurface plume detection using sensor networks, performance analysis of networks, network measurements, and VLSI Testing.
Digital Signal Processing Laboratory
Professor: Mahmood R. Azimi-Sadjadi
Location: Engineering C23
DSP lab is engaged in basic and applied research in the general areas of statistical signal/image processing and machine learning. Specific recent activities include: interactive sensing and active perception for optimal search and navigation to detect and classify targets using autonomous platforms, distributed multi-channel multi-platform sensing for collaborative decision-making, and machine learning for adaptive detection and classification with application to sonar.
Electromagnetics Laboratory
Professor: Branislav Notaros
Engineering B110
This lab focuses on computational electromagnetics, higher order methods, integral equation methods, finite element methods, high-frequency methods, uncertainty quantification, adaptive refinement techniques, in-situ and remote sensing of snow, MRI-RF antennas/coils, EM/antennas/telemedicine systems for biomedical applications, and electromagnetics education. Its research is supported by grants from the NSF, DoD, NASA, and NIH.
Electronic-Photonic System Design Laboratory (ECSyD)
Professor: Mahdi Nikdast
Current research activities in ECSyD laboratory focus on the integration and development of emerging electronic-photonic devices, circuits, systems, and architectures for interconnection networks, advanced high-performance computing and supercomputing systems, data centers, chip multiprocessors and manycore systems, and artificial-intelligence (AI) systems. We are developing new solutions to advance photonic systems-on-chip and data-communication systems while focusing on different aspects in such systems from design for energy efficiency and robustness to accurate device and system modeling and optimization, new electronic-photonic design-automation (EPDA) solutions and CAD tool development, and programmable optical-computing systems design and optimization. ECSyD laboratory is equipped with state-of-the-art workstations, servers, and silicon-photonic testing equipment, such as high-speed tunable lasers and an automated silicon-photonic testing station. ECSyD laboratory has a close collaboration with industrial partners at HPE (USA), CEA-LETI (France), Lumerical Inc. (Canada), Maple Leaf Photonics (USA), and NVIDIA (USA). Research activities of this laboratory are supported by government agencies such as the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Embedded Systems, High Performance, and Intelligent Computing Lab
Professor: Sudeep Pasricha
Research activities focus on software algorithms (including cutting-edge deep machine learning algorithms), hardware architectures, and hardware-software co-design for energy-efficient, fault-tolerant, real-time, and secure computing. These efforts target multi-scale computing platforms, including embedded and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, cyber-physical systems, mobile devices, and datacenters.
Extreme Ultraviolet Metrology Laboratory
Professor: Mario Marconi, Carmen Menoni
This lab focuses on the implementation of imaging and interferometric tools at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths.
Extreme Ultraviolet Science and Technology Center
Professor: Jorge Rocca
Information Science and Technology Center
Krapf Lab
Professor: Diego Krapf
Scott Bioengineering Building, Third Floor
Our lab focuses on the architecture of mammalian cells. The main expertise of the team is in single-molecule biophysics experiments at the nanometer scale. We place particular emphasis on the actin-based cytoskeleton and its role in the dynamic organization of the plasma membrane.
Microwave Systems Lab
Professor: Steven Reising
This laboratory's research focuses on the design and implementation of innovative microwave systems for remote sensing of the Earth's oceans, land and atmosphere to monitor hazardous weather and global climate change. Students and researchers in this laboratory perform field measurements to study the physical relationship between sensors and environmental properties in order to improve inversion techniques and retrieval algorithms. Currently, this laboratory is combining expertise in monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) design and packaging with remote sensing experience to develop miniaturized, low mass and low power sensors that lend themselves to deployment aboard uninhabited airborne vehicles (UAVs) and small satellites. The first generation of these sensors is capable of operating in small networks to provide high spatial resolution 3-D humidity maps in all weather conditions. Research activities in this laboratory include systematic studies of microwave emission from breaking waves and foam on the ocean surface to increase the accuracy of satellite sensing of the ocean wind vector, temperature and salinity.
Network Information Theory Laboratory
Professor: J. Rockey Luo
Engineering 24
Conducts research projects in the areas of wireless communication, wireless networking, information theory and signal processing. Long term objective of the research is to bridge the gap between classical information theory and classical network theory, especially at the bottom several layers of communication networks. Typical research topics include network-related coding such as network coding and fountain coding, distributed channel coding, distributed medium access control algorithms, ad hoc networking, multiple antenna and cooperative communication networking, etc.
Radar and Communications Group
Soft X-Ray Laser Laboratory
ERC B306
Ultrafast and Nonlinear Optics Laboratory
Professor: Randy Bartels
This laboratory is focused on the development, control, and use of ultrafast (duration of < 10-13 seconds) optical pulses. In general our group explores new ways to control and exploit new physical phenomenon to understand and control atomic and molecular systems and produce new capabili class="lists"ties in ultrafast optical sources. Currently, a major thrust of our work is to explore the creation of impulsive molecular coherences and use those coherences as an ultrafast optical modulator. We use these modulators to sculpt the spectral and temporal properties of ultrafast laser pulses – enabling new capabilities. Additionally, we are exploring new types of nonlinear optical phenomenon for ultrafast laser pulse conversion.
W.M. Keck Soft X-Ray Laser Laboratory
Undergraduate Lab - Circuits
Staff: Brayan Trejo
Undergraduate Lab - Digital Logic
Undergraduate Lab - Electronics
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Walter Scott, Jr. Bioengineering Building
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Ashville's growing scene is well-represented by this North Carolina hallmark. With 62 rotating taps, you'll be able to get a nice taste of what's being poured across the country, while downstairs in the auxillary bar you can see what the Belgians are up to these days. Music and beer specials based by region really round off the Monk into a Southern gem.


Company weighs new openness on security issues; speeds communications on patches.
Oracle Corp. is sick of it. While Microsoft Corp. and its developers quote chapter and verse of its Security Development Lifecycle blueprint for software creation—a set of procedures that spans code design, development, testing and deployment to build secure software—database king Oracle has been mum about its secure coding initiatives. Customers, however, have been vocal about Oracles poor quality of patches and vulnerabilities left unplugged for too long.
"Part of the reason there are so many [Oracle] patches is directly reflective of the poor quality of the code," said Dan Downing, vice president of testing services at business applications testing, hosting and managing provider Mentora Group Inc., of Atlanta.
Larger customers tend to be happy that their Oracle databases are safely tucked behind firewalls. "I have been patching Oracle systems for 10 years," said Howard Fosdick, former president of the Midwest Database Users Group. "My general idea is theyve always done a good job: reasonably timely, reasonably accurate."
Oracles own customer advisory group, however, has brought up patch quality and, above all else, patch timing, and Oracle is focusing on those two tasks.
Oracles recent history includes patches that havent installed correctly, patches to patch patches and then more patches to fix the cumulative security ills.
All the while, Oracle has had a no-comment, protect-our-customers policy on security issues. But thats changing. In an exclusive interview, Oracle executives explained that the company is experimenting with being more open about security flaws. Part of that new openness includes better communication so customers will know when patching and testing are necessary and when they can be avoided.
One member of the team responsible for wrangling these security issues is John Heimann, director of security program management at Oracle.
He reports to Chief Security Officer Mary Ann Davidson and does the front-end work of security: setting standards, training, enforcing security checklists, determining secure configurations, working on secure-by-default initiatives and coordinating with security products marketing.
In a daylong tour of Oracle security given to eWEEK here, Heimann said Oracle is intensifying its code testing and gave a peek at how it is doing it. Last month, Oracle announced it would use static code analysis technology from Fortify Software Inc., of Palo Alto, Calif., to hunt for bugs in C, C++, PL/SQL and Java as part of a program to improve checking for security holes during development, instead of trying to patch holes after the products out the door. Oracle has been working with Fortify for 18 months.
The Fortify tool, installed across all products this month, had to stand up to a brutal load. Oracles database alone contains between 40 million and 50 million lines of code. The tool had to scale to spit out results in a reasonable amount of time and be able to work on parallel machines.
"We want to get an answer in a day, not find out that two or three people have modified the product" while its dragged through testing, said Mark Fallon, Oracles senior manager of software development.
Oracle is also evaluating an automatic black-box test, which checks at boundaries to see if SQL injections can get through. It has identified a possible vendor and is looking at rolling it out across the company, but Heimann declined to state the vendors name or timing specifics.
This isnt the first time Oracle has tested code in a big way. The company first started security evaluations in 1990 to pass the U.S. Department of Defenses TCSEC (Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria), also known as the Orange Book, and Europes ITSEC (Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria). Those evaluations took place before the Internet and before Web applications blossomed to leak SQL injections and other poisons into back-end databases.
According to Duncan Harris, senior director of security assurance at Oracle, when Oracle7 was first evaluated under the government security codes, Europe found one hole.
Until Dec. 1, 1999, there was only one other reported security vulnerability, and it was handled in a similar way to the first hole: by creating tapes and CDs to ship a patch to affected customers.
In February 2001, Oracle was tracking nine bugs. By September 2001, that number crept up to 17. By December 2002, it leapt to 62. Then came August 2004 and the ill-fated Alert 68, the first security alert that contained more than one fix for more than one vulnerability.
As flaws have blossomed, so has Oracles need to pay attention to code quality. Oracles customers started taking the company to task two years ago on this issue. Oracle responded by signing an agreement with Mercury Interactive Corp. to bring in a volume testing tool and thereby launch an initiative to test better before a software release.
Oracle today is trying to get communications out as quickly as possible and supply risk matrixes so customers can decide whether they should patch.
Nevertheless, Mentoras Downing said that a "high level of skepticism" persists regarding quality when new patches or Family Packs—a group of previously released patches—are released, primarily due to Alert 68, a notoriously poor-quality patch set. "Theres an increasing recognition that at your peril do you put these patches and Family Packs into production without some real testing," Downing said.
Poor communication around Alert 68 only compounded the technical problems. Aaron Newman, database security expert, chief technology officer and co-founder of Application Security Inc., based in New York, said that when Alert 68 first came out, he had a number of customers call "specifically begging for information" on whether they needed to apply the patches and what exactly the issues were around the vulnerabilities.
Even though the nonworm was a result of insecure configuration on Listener accounts—a server-based process that provides basic network connectivity for clients, application servers and other databases to an Oracle database—and not the result of a code flaw, on the day of eWEEKs visit, Oracle was rushing to get information to customers regarding proper configuration to batten down the hatches.
"Were being more responsive," Heimann said. "We have a new security response process specifically targeted at that. We saw the response to the original Voyager posting. So were going out today [with an e-mail blast] on the second iteration of Voyager. We [now] have the ability to get this information out quickly."
The problem: Speed kills quality. Oracle sometimes has to check to ensure that even locking down a given component wont break a 10-year-old version of a supported version.
And Oracles products are getting more complex as the company integrates acquisitions such as PeopleSoft. And then theres Project Fusion, which will either wipe out past sins as the company starts with a brand-new architecture or usher in brand-new sins for a new code set.
How will oracle stay on top of all this code, as it buries its hands in the piles of code its acquired and wrestles it into Project Fusion?
One thing it has started to do is root-cause analysis. "When security bugs do occur, [were asking things such as], Why did this bug happen? Were standards unclear? Was training sufficient? Is this bug a single instance of something, or is it more pervasive?" Heimann said.
After all, as he put it, this is software design. "Its basically an art as much as a science," Heimann said.


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PLEASE EMAIL FOR POSTAGE QUOTES OUTSIDE OF THE UK IF NOT STATED, WE POST WORLDWIDE.
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In good usable condition, as pictured.
Items can be collected if you prefer.


In today's high tech world, more and more things are getting accomplished through internet technology, private information is increasingly being stored in datacenters and transmitted through their networks. There are laws and regulations have been enacted to protect privacy and the security of sensitive data. So to help your business comply, you need to consult the experts that are willing to help you implement solutions that fit into your strategy. That is why INetU Managed Rapid PCI is here to rescue. This company offers you a pre-defined tool set and services to jumpstart your pci compliance hosting process. You can also choose other options based on your requirements and level of guidance required. If you need help along the way, their Certified Hosting Team can recommend solutions that meet your needs.You should visit them today for details.
Great that there is an online company that can help people in complying with PCI requirements. Thanks for the post. God bless you all always.
agi ko kug kadali Dhemz.... maayong buntag.


The suggestions presented here work well for minor water leaks, enough to let you get on with your life until the proper fix can be made. Just remember that this is just a temporary fix and you'll still need to get the leak seen to by a plumber or handy person as quickly as possible.
Find a container that will fit under the drip. Suitable containers include buckets, ice cream containers, large jars, plastic containers, etc. Even children's plastic toy containers can be used in a pinch.
Place the container a bit higher than where it will drain. Put it on a chair, ladder, box etc.
Get some small hose or tubing. Surgical rubber and aquarium tubing can be bought at a home improvement store.
To seal the tubing to the container, use hot melt glue for quick sealing. Otherwise use caulk, epoxy, silicone rubber, shoe goo, etc.
Make a hole with heat, a drill or sharp object at the top of the container.
Insert the tubing into the hole and seal it.
Place the end of the tubing into a drain, sink, outdoors, or a very large container.
With cordage or duct tape, secure the top container from tipping over and falling. Also secure the tubing so it does not put excessive pressure on the sealant.
My sister is having huge water bills. One day it showed that she had used 990 gallons of water. We have had a plumber plus water board trying to solve this. The meter does not turn all the time which usually indicates a leak. There are no obvious wet spots outside. She does have a drip in the bathtub. What could this indicate?
First stop the drip, then listen at the pipes for a running sound. A stethoscope is helpful. Newer meters have a rotating indicator that shows even slight water running. If there is no water running through the meter at all and she is not washing elephants daily then she may be a victim of some type of theft where her line is being run to another property.
How do I turn the water off?
Find the meter box. Inside there should be a city valve on the street side and a property valve on the other. If there is no property valve, imagine a line from the meter to the building and look for a pipe at the wall. Ball valves have a quarter-turn lever handle - across the pipe should be off and in line should be on. Gate valves turn clockwise several rotations to turn off and counterclockwise to open. Gate valves are notorious for getting stuck closed, so if it is very old it's best not to touch it.
Can cloves plug radiator leaks?
No, it will most likely not work to plug the leaks.
This is a temporary measure. The leak may harm walls, flooring, furniture, etc. if the source is not fixed quickly.
wikiHow is a "wiki," similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 9 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. This article has also been viewed 27,508 times.
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 27,508 times.


This entry was posted on Wednesday 7th March 2018 by Green Saffron.
Leave in your fridge to marinate overnight.
Next day, pour everything into a large saucepan, place on a medium heat, bring up to a bubble then allow to simmer gently for 30minutes until everything's good and hot.
Remove from the heat, squeeze in the lime juice, sprinkle on the toasted almonds and fresh coriander, take to table and serve with either rice, potatoes, pasta, couscous or wedges of crusty bread!


Replied to the thread Cont premium nevoie de ajutor.
Liked frateklu's post in the thread Metin2 Rodnia.
Liked Slait's post in the thread Can somebody share a premium acc with me ? xD.
Liked xdmg99's post in the thread Can somebody share a premium acc with me ? xD.
Replied to the thread selling problem.
Wow, so many details on this problem, how are we supposed to figure out on what server are you playing, what settings do you have, what happens exactly when the bot goes to the shop and so on so we can help you out?
Liked Kadso™'s post in the thread [Collection Thread]Way-System bug reports.
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Replied to the thread Anti-Ban function.
Yep, thats correct, its like sometimes there is a delay in the bot or somerhing like that.
Replied to the thread Bot minerit.
Botul de minat nu mai functioneaza.
Like I said above, unfortunately not all the time, it must be some weird delay or something like that, it only happened 2 out of 5 times I've tried.
Liked TonyMontana's post in the thread Farmat alchimie.
Replied to the thread Report your own bot to a GM [a day test].
Liked mafare's post in the thread Report your own bot to a GM [a day test].


text:
Opinion | The Trump administration's tax 'report' reads like fan fiction
By Site Reporteraccess_time3 years ago
Unable to produce an actual analysis of its tax plan, the Trump administration has resorted to cooking the books.
White House officials and Republican lawmakers have repeatedly claimed that their tax plan will unleash such tremendous growth that the bill will pay for itself.
Of course, no one remotely credible backs this up. Not the Tax Policy Center, not the Tax Foundation (which uses relatively rosy assumptions about growth), not the Penn-Wharton Budget Model, not Goldman Sachs, not the usual gang of Republican economists.
Not even the Joint Committee on Taxation, Congress's nonpartisan internal scorekeepers on such matters, has found that the bill would be self-financing. Its most recently available analyses determined that even after accounting for economic effects, both the Senate and House bills would still cost about $1 trillion over the coming decade.
And that's assuming many of the tax cuts actually expire after a few years, as the bills are currently written. If you take out the budget gimmicks and instead assume these tax cuts will be extended by future Congresses — as Trump officials and House Speaker Paul D. Ryan (R-Wis.) have promised — the price would be closer to $2 trillion, according to the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget.
Faced with such dismal assessments of their party's signature policy proposal, Trump officials have scrambled to find counterevidence.
In November, Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin claimed that the administration had already published a study proving that the bill paid for itself, though Treasury could not actually point to any such study. If anything, the department had removed research from its website that proved inconvenient for its claims about trickle-down economics.
But finally, on Monday, Treasury produced a report that purported to support the administration's conclusions.
Well, "report" is a strong word. It was, in fact, a one-page news release containing no actual analysis or data, just fairy dust.
Rather than calculating the growth rate produced by the Senate tax plan, or any tax plan at all, the release merely . . . assumed a big growth rate. Then it said that if that growth rate happened to materialize, the plan would produce a whole lotta revenue. Enough to plug a big budget hole, even!
Which is a pretty big if.
"If I can assume I could serve at 150 mph, I could derive the conclusion that I could compete with Roger Federer," Harvard economist and former Obama administration official Lawrence H. Summers cracked on Twitter.
Treasury assumes the economy would grow at 2.9 percent, which is much higher than what officials at the Federal Reserve and the Congressional Budget Office expect under current law. (Both project closer to 1.8 percent.) In other words, the Treasury one-pager suggests an enormous boost from the Trump agenda.
This 2.9 percent figure is pretty specific, though, giving it a veneer of precision. How exactly did the Treasury Department choose that number from all the possible numbers in the world, you ask?
It lifted it from a forecast in the President's Fiscal 2018 Budget, a sloppy, error-riddled document that came out in May.
There are, oh, a few problems with this sourcing.
First, that budget was released before a tax bill was ever even written. The president's budget did vaguely describe a tax-reform proposal, but it departed in critical ways from the ones the Senate and the House passed.
Second, the 2.9 percent figure in the president's budget was supposed to reflect the effects of the president's entire policy agenda, including infrastructure development, welfare reform and deregulation. In other words, it includes the economic effects of policy proposals that are not only unrelated to taxes but also don't even yet exist.
Despite months of teases, the Trump administration has released neither an infrastructure plan nor a comprehensive welfare-reform package. Deregulation has, of course, begun, though you'd be hard-pressed to find a deregulatory action so far that — whatever its effects on the public's well-being — is likely to have major effects on national economic growth. (Does anyone believe that allowing airlines to continue hiding baggage fees, or even rescinding the Clean Power Plan, will trigger an economic renaissance?)
And third, even those comprehensive economic growth effects may be plucked from thin air.
As I wrote in February, in putting together estimates for the budget, Trump transition officials directed staffers to assume growth rates of about 3 percent, and then backfill the other numbers in their models to get the final numbers to add up.
To be clear, none of this is how policy projections usually work.
Sure, previous administrations have selectively cited studies or assumptions that favor their pet projects. But this kind of stuff? It's fan fiction, not economics.
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Unable to find birth registered at Atherstone!
so I presume this is where she was resident during those years.
As there were no births between1878 and 1882 and Edward appears to be missing from the 1881 census was he working away?
Buried in grave 1525 Atherstone cemetry.
witnessed by 1. Robert Harnessy and 2. Catherine King.
unfortunately no adress, occupation, father or mother is given for either parties so it is not 100% conclusive that these are the same Edward and Mary.


text:
The Dirty Secret of Genetic Testing: We're Still Not Sure What "Normal" Looks Like
You can get your entire genetic code deciphered for about $1,000 in a day, but scientists still don't know what most of it means.
[Photo: Neil Palmer, Flickr user CIAT]
By Sean Captain 3 minute Read
Getting a full readout of your entire genetic sequence promises to radically alter how we monitor our health, providing advanced warning of cancer and other diseases we may suffer and our chances of passing on those ailments. Clinical genetic testing firm Illumina is valued at nearly $23 billion, for example, while direct-to-consumer offering 23andMe is at about $1 billion. Meanwhile, the price for so-called whole genome sequencing has dropped to about $1,000.
But such whole-genome sequencing currently over-promises in several ways. One of them is a false sense of what constitutes a "normal" genome with which to compare someone's results. (The U.S. government's National Institutes of Health provides a narrow, widely used model.) The promise is best if you're white, and drops off fast for other ethnicities, like people of African origin. That's because we simply don't have easy access to enough reference genomes, from a big enough variety of people, to understand the range of normal. Nor is there much willingness for companies that analyze genomes to look at all the varieties that are out there.
Geneticists aren't blind to this problem. In fact, it's been a big topic of discussion at the Future of Genomics conference, a gathering of top genetics experts and entrepreneurs in San Diego. One solution is to simply share existing databases of sequenced genomes (in anonymized form). "We have an enormous and rapidly increasing quantity of genomic information," said David Haussler, a researcher at the UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute. "And where is that? It's held in silos all over the world."
Linking Medical Knowledge As If It Were Apps
Haussler is a leader of a project called the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health. Instead of building a master database of genetic data, the alliance is modeling itself on the way that consumer online services and apps work: creating common application programming interfaces (APIs) so that anyone can plug into any database with the same software. (It's a biotech process like the one that, for example, allows you to access a cloud service like Dropbox from within an app like Slack). The Alliance is an open-source project, with all the code available on free programmer community GitHub.
Related: Verily Is Building A Google For Medical Information.
The project is not just an academic endeavor. Among the nearly 400 members from about 40 countries, it has recruited about 120 companies, ranging from traditional tech firms like Google and Microsoft to genetic testing firms like Color Genomics, which focuses on consumer breast cancer screening. Haussler says that companies are willing to give up some data in order to get info from others that makes their services better. "We collaborate on the interface, but we compete on the implementation," he said. "And we're getting creative products out of it."
But not everyone goes for that argument. Myriad Genetics, for instance, tried to patent the genes that cause breast cancer. However, a 2013 Supreme Court case invalidated their patents on genes, which enabled the emergence of many competing firms.
Variety Is the Code of Life
The Global Alliance for Genomics and Health has several projects, such as a deep dive on how the genes for breast cancer vary from patient to patient. (12,000 versions have been found so far.) Another effort, the Human Genome Variation Map, focuses on comparing the full genomes of people from around the world. Even the scarce data now commonly available shows just how varied normal DNA is.
As an example, Haussler showed a spaghetti graph of squiggly lines—each representing the majority of genes that encode the human immune system. These variations are included in the U.S. government's reference genome (called GRCh38). One line is the reference that almost everyone uses, and the other seven are official variations. "Why those seven?" asked Haussler. "Because that's all we had. Is it a fair representation? No. Does anybody use them? No."
One piece of good news is that getting more genetic samples may not require digging deeply into old databases that are hard to make compatible. It's enough to make sure that the new data is easily accessible, according to Haussler. "The amount of genome data we will create next year dwarfs all previous historical genome data," he said.
Sean Captain is a Bay Area technology, science, and policy journalist. Follow him on Twitter @seancaptain.


Nampak Ltd., Africa's biggest maker of beverage cans, has agreed with partners to build glass-bottle manufacturing plants to take advantage of growing demand for packaged consumer goods and bottled drinks in the two countries where a quarter of Africans live - Nigeria and Ethiopia.
The Johannesburg-based company has reached a preliminary agreement with a partner for a factory in Ethiopia and is now seeking financing for a project with a potential cost of $68 million, Chief Executive Officer Andre de Ruyter, 47, said in an interview at Bloomberg's Johannesburg office last week. That will help supply drinks makers including brewer Heineken NV and soft drinks producer Coca-Cola Inc, he said. Nampak has also "made good progress" on a Nigerian factory, the CEO said.
Consumer-goods companies such as U.S. retailer Wal-Mart Stores Inc and brewer SABMiller Plc are expanding in Africa to take advantage of economic growth and rising household incomes.
"There's a youth bulge of people reaching drinking age" in Africa, De Ruyter said. Producing glass bottles and cans "makes a lot of sense."
Nigeria, with a population of about 177 million, has 44 percent of its population under the age of 15 while 46 percent of Ethiopia's 97 million people are below that age, according to U.S. Census Bureau data. That compares with 16 percent of the 403 million people who live in the euro area.
"Africa is the story for us," De Ruyter said. "People talk about Latin America, they talk about India, China or other emerging markets, but we think the opportunity that we've got in Africa is so big and this is what we know we can do well."
Nampak is expanding outside of South Africa to help reverse declining profit margins in its home market, where it's cutting costs. The continent's most-industrialized economy contracted in the second quarter of 2015 for the first time in a year, while consumer confidence dropped to a 14-year low in the same period.
Nampak gained 0.2 percent to 27.80 rand as of 2:22 p.m. in Johannesburg on Wednesday, paring the decline this year to 36 percent. That compares with a 1 percent gain on the FTSE/JSE Africa All-Share Index.
In South Africa, Nampak plans to cut its number of glass products to about 85 different types from 130 to reduce costs, according to De Ruyter, and is also seeking to reduce its food-can range by as much as 38 percent. It's replacing older machines with more efficient models, the CEO said.
Nampak has signed a memorandum of understanding with a local partner in Nigeria, identified a factory site with access to natural gas and water and started a feasibility study, De Ruyter said. The plant in Africa's biggest economy will cost as much as $100 million and will be completed in about three years.
The company also has plans for an Angola glass factory although it's still "very early days," according to the CEO.
Nampak will consider expanding its can production by doubling capacity in Nigeria and looking at a potential third can line in Angola, De Ruyter said.


This year, International Human Rights Day falls in a time of serious threats to social cohesion, environmental sustainability and democracy. Only weeks after a series of dreadful acts of terrorism, and while the UN Conference on Climate is ongoing, PSI reaffirms its commitment to the defence of human rights, core elements of fair and prosperous societies.
PSI joins the call made by the United Nations to break the corruption chain. Corruption is a complex social, political and economic phenomenon that affects all countries. Corruption undermines democratic institutions, slows economic development and contributes to governmental instability.
The publication on 5 October of the final report of the G20/ OECD project on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) shows just how much work remains to be done to fix a crippled global tax system.


"We won't have any concrete targets or reductions, we won't have any kinds of commitments [at COP17], but other things advancing. For instance, the use of soils and agriculture in carbon markets. This would be devastating for the peasants and small food providers that produce 70 per cent of the food consumed inthe workd.
"What we don't need is that financial speculators come into carbon markets to tell farmers, that have been producing food for most of the planet 10,000 years, how to administrate their own agriculture, their own soil."


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Comments: For more information, please contact Cobioer (4008-750-250).
This line was initiated in 1972 by D.J. Giard, et al. through explant culture of lung carcinomatous tissue from a 58-year-old Caucasian male. Cells were described to induce tumors in athmyic mice and to synthesize lecithin.
Design according to the gene, please contact us 4008-750-250.