text:
When Does Bullying Become Harassment?
EU Competition Law: Article 101 of the TFEU
The 'Best Interest' of a Child in Immigration Decisions
Published by belawyer at July 22, 2013
Bullying is often associated with children, although this is certainly not always the case. Harassment can be considered in many instances as a form of bullying. The legal definition of harassment is that it involves an intentional course of conduct by one person causing alarm or distress to another person. Many would define bullying in similar terms.
Sometimes, bullying can be so serious that it carries the potential of criminal prosecution. Individuals who engage in harassment may not realise the severity of their actions or the potential sanctions they could be subject to, in both civil and criminal contexts. This article seeks to answer the question of when bullying becomes harassment and the available remedies. It will focus on the criminal offence and tort (civil wrong) of harassment contrary to the Protection from Harassment Act 1997.
What is harassment?
Harassment is both a criminal offence and a tort capable of giving rise to civil liability. The Protection from Harassment Act 1997 (PHA 1997) introduced both a criminal sanction for harassment (Section 2 PHA 1997) and a civil remedy for harassment (Section 3 PHA 1997). Section 1 of the Act states:
A person must not pursue a course of conduct
(a) which amounts to harassment of another, and
(b) which he knows or ought to know amounts to harassment of the other.
The Act does not provide an all-encompassing definition of harassment. However, it is taken to incorporate courses of conduct which cause alarm or distress to an individual (Section 7(2) PHA 1997). The course of conduct must include at least two incidents of harassing behaviour (Section 7(3) PHA 1997).
Section 1(2) provides further guidance:
The person whose course of conduct is in question ought to know that it amounts to harassment of another if a reasonable person in possession of the same information would think the course of conduct amounted to harassment of the other.
Therefore, harassment has both an objective and subjective element: a reasonable person would consider the behaviour in question to constitute harassment (objective element) and the perpetrator himself must consider his behaviour harassing (subjective element). Harassment therefore cannot be committed negligently.
The legal definition of harassment is that it involves an intentional course of conduct by one person causing alarm or distress to another person.
What is not harassment?
Section 1(3) of the Act provides that the behaviour in question is not harassment if the relevant course of conduct was pursued:
In order to prevent or detect crime, or;
In accordance with any legislation or rule of law, or;
Given the particular circumstances, the course of conduct was reasonable.
Given that the 1997 Act provides that harassment is recognised in both civil and criminal courts, it created both a civil and criminal remedy for harassment in an effort to protect individuals subjected to this form of unpleasant behaviour. In relation to the criminal offence of harassment, Section 2(1) provides: 'A person who pursues a course of conduct in breach of Section 1 is guilty of an offence.'
Civil liability
With respect to the tort of harassment, Section 3(1) provides:
An actual or apprehended breach of section 1 may be the subject of a claim in civil proceedings by the person who is or may be the victim of the course of conduct in question.
Who can be punished for harassment?
The age of criminal responsibility in England and Wales is ten years old. This means that children of this age and older can be subject to the same criminal sanctions as adults. The question which arises is when does bullying become so serious that it attracts criminal liability?
How serious must behaviour be for it to be considered harassment?
As explained, harassment involves conduct which is designed to cause alarm and/or distress to another. The conduct must be oppressive and unreasonable to quite a considerable degree in order to be deemed criminal. The usual principles relating to the decision to prosecute apply, which means that, whilst all of the elements of the offence of harassment may be established, a prosecution is less likely if the court would be likely to impose a nominal penalty or the loss or harm connected with the offence was minor and the result of a single incident.[/two_third]
Clearly, mere disagreements between individuals cannot amount to harassment, even on the civil standard of proof…
In Dowson v Chief Constable of Northumbria [2010] EWHC 2612 (QB) it was held that the threshold at which the behaviour is considered criminal harassment is the point at which the torment of the victim is so serious that it justifies the imposition of criminal liability. In this civil suit, judgment was given in favour of the defendant and no harassment was found. The evidence suggested that the group of individuals in question were 'dysfunctional' and 'racked with division and backbiting'. Although the court found that, on occasions, the defendant was 'insensitive, belittling and overbearing' his conduct, whilst unacceptable, did not amount to harassment. It was not conduct calculated to cause distress and it was neither oppressive nor tormenting by constant interference or intimidation. Clearly, mere disagreements between individuals cannot amount to harassment, even on the civil standard of proof which is considerably lower than the criminal standard.
Given that not all unacceptable behaviour will constitute harassment, in order for bullying to be considered harassment, the crucial point is that the behaviour must be calculated to cause distress to another and the severity of the behaviour must be real and not trivial. The Magistrates' Court Sentencing Guidelines, which are considered below, give further clarification as to what behaviour is considered so bad as to attract criminal liability.
What punishment is available to the criminal courts?
If an individual is facing a criminal charge of harassment, the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt that the offence of harassment occurred. Section 2(2) of the Act provides that the following sanction is available to the criminal courts on a finding of guilt:
A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale [£5,000], or both.
If an individual is facing a criminal charge of harassment, the prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt that the offence of harassment occurred.
The Magistrates' Court Sentencing Guidelines (which, since this is a summary only offence, applies to the Magistrates' Court trying the case and to the Crown Court hearing appeals from the Magistrates' Court only) stipulate the following as guidelines, based on a first-time offender pleading not guilty to the charge:
Where the harassment consists of a small number of incidents, the starting point for sentencing is a medium level community order ranging to a Band C fine or high level community order.
In cases where the harassment consists of continual contact at night, the involvement of other people, or the perpetrator attempting to enter the complainant's workplace or home, the starting point should be 6 weeks' custody, ranging to a medium level community order or 12 weeks' custody.
Finally, where the course of harassing behaviour involves threats of violence, sending offensive materials or taking personal photographs, the starting point is 18 weeks' custody ranging to between 12 or 26 weeks' custody.
Of course, these are merely guidelines and are subject to aggravating or mitigating features present in the circumstances surrounding the offence. The following would indicate higher culpability of the offender, and thus a tougher sentence:
Evidence of planning;
If the offender ignores blatant distress on the part of the victim;
If the offender involves others.
The following factors are mitigating features:
If there was initially provocation by the victim;
If the offender has a limited understanding of the effect his behaviour has on the victim.
If the harassment under Section 2 is racially or religiously aggravated, the offence becomes triable either-way and, if tried on indictment, attracts a maximum sentence of two years.
What remedies are available in the civil court?
If an individual wishes to establish civil liability for harassment, he must prove that harassment did occur on the balance of probabilities. In other words, the judge must be satisfied that it is more likely than not that harassment did in fact occur.
Section 3(1) stipulates:
The remedies available for harassment are compensation (damages), an injunction or a combination of the two.
Why might an injunction be useful?
Whilst damages compensate individuals for losses which have already occurred, injunctions seek to prevent things from happening in the future. In harassment claims, an injunction would seek to stop the defendant's behaviour from continuing.
The claimant may also have the option of receiving an undertaking from the court. However, an undertaking does not carry the same weight as an injunction. Should the defendant breach the undertaking, the claimant would have to bring contempt proceedings to court. However, if the defendant breaches an injunction then the police could act and arrest the defendant. An application can be made to court for a warrant of arrest. Upon arrest, the defendant would be brought before the court, which would then decide whether in fact the injunction had been breached. Breach of an injunction without reasonable excuse can amount to a criminal offence, punishable in its own right.
When can damages be awarded in a harassment claim?
Damages may be awarded in a claim for harassment if the claimant has suffered some form of loss resulting from the harassment on the part of the defendant. For example, if the claimant suffered anxiety, and can prove that this was caused by the defendant's acts of harassment, the claimant could be entitled to damages.
What is the time limit for prosecuting criminal harassment?
Given that harassment contrary to Section 2 of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997 is a summary only offence, the charge must be brought within six months of the date of commission of the offence.
What is the limitation period for a claim of civil harassment?
The limitation period is six years.
What other pieces of legislation could acts of bullying fall under?
Behaviour which may be classified as bullying, whilst falling outside the scope of the legal definition of harassment, may fall within the following legislation:
Section 1 Malicious Communications Act 1988 (as amended by Section 43 Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001)
It is an offence to send to another person any article which is indecent or grossly offensive, or which conveys a threat, or which is false, if there is an intent to cause distress or anxiety to the recipient. This offence covers letters, electronic communications such as e-mail and texts. Thus, if an individual is being threatened by another in the form of electronic communication or threatening letters, the perpetrator could be liable under this Act.
Particularly serious threats, such as threats to kill, could warrant a more serious charge. The definition of what is considered 'indecent or grossly offensive' was considered in Connolly v DPP [2007] 2 All ER 1012. In that case, the court held that 'indecent or grossly offensive' were ordinary English words and thus should be afforded their ordinary, everyday meaning.
Section 127 Communications Act 2003
This section deals with the sending of messages by phone and email, which are grossly offensive or of an indecent, obscene or menacing character. If an individual is a victim of cyber-bullying, this section could provide them with some protection. Section 127(2) covers false messages and persistent misuse intended to cause annoyance, inconvenience or needless anxiety and includes somebody who persistently makes silent phone calls.
Section 39 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988
Assault contrary to Section 39 is an intentional (or subjectively reckless) act which causes the victim to apprehend the application of immediate and unlawful force. This offence can be committed by words alone, and silent phone calls can also constitute an assault if the victim apprehends immediate personal violence. Therefore, if the course of bullying is so serious that it causes the victim to apprehend immediate, unlawful violence, the perpetrator could face charges under this Act.
This article was previously published in April 2013.
belawyer
Class Actions in England and Wales: Right around the Corner?
The Debate on Euthanasia and its Legal Progress Around the World


text:
A New Podcast From Rococo Punch and iHeartPodcasts Offers a Rare Glimpse Into the Insular World of Ballet and the Complex Relationship Dancers Have with the Art Form and Culture
Season Two of the Award-Winning Investigative Series – The Turning – Set to Launch on January 24, 2023; Listen to the official audio trailer now HERE
Much of ballet culture in America stems from the artistry and experience of world-renowned choreographer George Balanchine, who brought ballet to the next level in the United States, creating an entirely new aesthetic and understanding of movement. Despite his genius, he also controlled — and, some would argue, abused — a string of very young muses, even marrying several of them. He created a culture where a male choreographer could grow dancers into obedient "vessels" to be molded into whatever the choreographer wanted. What was the cost of bringing these ballets to life? How far does Balanchine's shadow extend beyond himself?
Now in season two of their investigative podcast series – THE TURNING: Room of Mirrors – Rococo Punch, the independent audio production studio, and iHeartRadio, America's #1 audio company, team up to follow the lives of former, current, and aspiring dancers as they define their complex relationship with the art form they cannot live without. While the image of ballet in modern America is one of delicacy, beauty and status, underneath this elegant veneer is a challenging culture, one that is far more extreme than outsiders might imagine and more complex than insiders may initially realize. It's a society founded on the culture of a single male leader exerting his control over young women.
With this new season, host Erika Lantz returns to explore a more nuanced look at an insulated world through stories of the women who set the stage for what we know as ballet today. The dancers open up to her about what it means to fully dedicate oneself to an unforgiving yet intoxicating pursuit, and reveal the physical and mental demands inside ballet. Lantz looks at cultural scripts around gender, race, genius, beauty, body image, and more. Who created the ballet body and how does it persist in modern dance today? What does it mean to perfect "The Line" in ballet? Having studied ballet for 10 years beginning at age 4, Lantz weaves in her own experience and unique perspective.
Coming off the heels of critically acclaimed podcast shows Welcome to Provincetown and Finding Raffi, Rococo Punch and iHeartPodcasts is set to launch THE TURNING: Room of Mirrors on Tuesday, January 24, 2023. Already named one of Vulture's "Most Anticipated Podcasts of 2023," THE TURNING: Room of Mirrors is distributed by iHeartPodcasts and available on the iHeartRadio app and everywhere podcasts are heard.
About Erica Lantz:
Erika Lantz is a senior producer at Rococo Punch and the host of podcast The Turning. In the first season of The Turning, her reporting on the experiences of former nuns who left Mother Teresa's religious order won the Livingston Award for International Reporting, the first podcast to do so. Before Rococo Punch, Erika worked at PRX, WBUR, and APM and freelanced as an independent producer and editor. Her work has aired on Snap Judgment, NPR's All Things Considered, Here & Now, APM, and the CBC, among others. She aims for musicality and emotional depth in her work, which has won national awards for innovation in audio storytelling, including a National Edward R. Murrow Award, recognition from the Gracies and Third Coast International Audio Festival, and the Society of Professional Journalists' Sigma Delta Chi Award for feature reporting.
About Rococo Punch:
Rococo Punch is an independent podcast production company specializing in exquisite sound design and thoughtful content. Current projects range from investigative journalism to game shows to chat-casts. The team developed some of the most listened-to podcasts, reaching millions of people around the world. Among the shows they helped create include the Gracie-award-winning The Turning: The Sisters Who Left, Welcome to Provincetown, Finding Raffi, Queen Of Hearts, Modern Love: The Podcast, and Servant of Pod. Follow @RococoPunch on Twitter and visit www.rococopunch.com for more information.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home > Nunzio
♂ Nunzio
What does Nunzio mean?
Nunzio as a boys' name is of Italian origin, and Nunzio means "messenger". Nunzio is an alternate spelling of Nuncio (Italian).
ENDS WITH -io
ASSOCIATED WITH messenger (prophet)
Nunzio Jay (N.J.), ..
How popular is Nunzio?
Nunzio is an unusual first name for men. Nunzio is also an unusual surname for all people. (2000 U.S. DEMOGRAPHICS)
Nunzio entered the list in 1900-1909 and reached its peak rank of #937 in the U.S. during 1920-1929, but is not ranked at the moment. (TOP 2000 NAMES, 2016)
Nunzio is pronounced similarly to Nenzo. Other recommended sound-alike names are Abundio, Aluzio, Brizio, Curcio, Ennio, Enzio, Eusaio (see Eusebius), Ezio, Fulvio, Genio, Ignazio, Indio, Julio, Junio, Lucio, Nando, Nuri, Nuris, Orazio, Rubio, Sanzio, Tadzio, Tonio and Venezio. These names tend to be more frequently used than Nunzio.


text:
Q: onblur function doesn't work in google chrome and firefox I am working on mvc application. During development I got a very strange issue, I have three text box and on each one, I need to call onblur event.
when I execute the code, event is called for first text box only, not for second and for third text box again event is called . Here is my code

    Enter your name: <input type="text" class="c1" id="a3">

<input type="text" class="c1" id="a1">

<input type="text" class="c1" id="a2">

Write something in the input field, and then click outside the field to lose focus (blur).

A: I think that there may be some blocking of the alert happening in your browser/sandbox, but the onblur works fine (try just console logging what you are currently showing the alert for).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This post is for the girls that really can't do a pineapple at night but really want to. Believe me when I say I definitely understand what you are going through.
You do a bomb twist out or an elegant perm rod set, just to find out that you can't pull all of your hair up in a pineapple like you see others doing on YouTube hair tutorials. So you just decide that your hair would be okay with a satin bonnet on when you go to bed.
Then you wake up, take your satin bonnet off, and disappointment sinks in. You find that there is no way that you can accomplish second day hair and start frantically looking for bobby pins.
Here is the thing, you can achieve second day hair, even though you may be among those who just cannot put all of their hair in a pineapple. This is especially for all the curlies, coilies, and kinkies who just want to sleep the night away and not have to worry about sleeping pretty or spending an hour on their hair the next morning.
Knowing how to preserve your hair at night is important for keeping your style intact for the next few days without having to redo the style everyday, hence low manipulation styling.
For starters, the best way to achieve second day hair is to make sure that you start with a solid moisture-based regimen when you go through the process of your wash/style day.
For example, the week you do your deep conditioning session will help your hair retain the moisture needed. This will ensure that you don't need to drench your hair with leave-in conditioner daily, but maybe twice a week depending on your style.
You don't necessarily need to wet your hair daily in your morning shower. You can do the Greenhouse Effect by lightly spritzing your hair with water and putting on a plastic cap (or bag) with a satin bonnet for the night.
This method will keep your hair moisturized with the body heat you produce during the night. In the morning your curls will be moist and you can fluff and go in the morning as your hair dries to show your true curl pattern, just the way you like it.


text:
LNG project given a traditional Huu-ay-aht name
Huu-ay-aht First Nations and Steelhead LNG have announced new name for co-managed project
Huu-ay-aht First Nations and Steelhead LNG have announced that the co-managed LNG project in Sarita Bay has a new name.
Following recommendations from the LNG Advisory Committee, Ḥaw̓iiḥ (hereditary) Council has approved the name Kwispaa (Kwis-pa-a) LNG project.
According to a press release from Huu-ay-aht First Nation, the traditional name reflects Huu-ay-aht's elders and its rich history and connection to the land and territory, as well as its stake in the project. Steelhead LNG agreed to change the name of the project to keep in line with the co-management and in the spirit of reconciliation.
Kwispaa means "on the other side," because the project will be on the other side of the bay from Nuumaqamis—Huu-ay-aht's winter village at the mouth of the Sarita River. The Sarita River is a very important site for Huu-ay-aht People. It is the "Heart of the People" and is the most important of 35 rivers and creeks in the Traditional Territory.
Sarita is a European place name given by Spanish settlers when they arrived in Huu-ay-aht's territory. The European name has colonial association and reflects an era of assimilation and negative impacts on Huu-ay-aht's culture and community.
Chief Councillor Robert J. Dennis Sr. said that renaming the project respects Huu-ay-aht's elders and the Nations' traditional values. The name was discovered by two ethnographic researchers studying the region following a conversation with Robert Sport, historian and speaker for then-hereditary chief Arthur Peters.
Naming the project after the site's traditional and true name demonstrates Steelhead LNG's commitment to reconciliation, co-management and their strong relationship with Huu-ay-aht as the Nation and Steelhead develop the project together.
Huu-ay-aht and Steelhead will be making an announcement regarding the LNG project in early December.
'Fresh eyes' looking into three missing Cowichan Tribes men
VIDEO: 'She is a tough cookie,' says husband of found B.C. dog walker


text:
Slice 1 Created with Sketch.
Kurt Geiger in Wembley Park
Shop at the Kurt Geiger Outlet in Wembley Park for shoes and accessories such as boots, bags, sandals, wedges, trainers and more at up to 70% off. Located on Level One of the Lon-don Designer Outlet.
Showcasing all the best that this luxury British retailer has to offer, the Kurt Geiger Outlet in Wembley Park stocks all the latest collections of footwear and accessories for men, women and children at accessible prices.
Over the years the brand has married cutting edge materials with signature styles to create products from everyday must-haves to show-stopping stilettos. And you can shop these and all the top brands such as Carvela, Kurt Geiger London, Miss KG and more at the London Designer Outlet.
History of Kurt Geiger
Perfectly epitomising London's iconic style since its birth, the first Kurt Geiger store was opened on Bond Street, London in 1963. Named after the brand's Austrian founder, the goal was to create covetable footwear and accessories that paired aspiration with accessibility.
Kurt Geiger is now an internationally recognised brand with over 70 stores worldwide, as well as stocking their products in over 170 department stores, including Harrods and Selfridges. The brand also sells over four million pairs of shoes globally every year.
London Designer Outlet
London Designer Outlet is your new favourite place for outlet shopping in London. Just 12 minutes from central London by tube and packed full of all the designer brands you've been lusting - but at a fraction of the price. In fact, up to 85% off the retail price during sales. Don't miss incredible discounts on even better products from all your favourite brands including Clarks, Dune London, Phase Eight and so many more.
Check out the Kurt Geiger Outlet website
Similar shops for you
location: London Designer Outlet
Shop at Dune London Outlet in Wembley for boots, sandals, shoes, bags and accessories for women and men at up to 70% off.
Looking for shoes? Shop at Sole Trader Outlet Store in Wembley for trainers, boots, sandals, slippers for men, women and kids at up to 70% off.
Renowned for its original prints, flattering cuts and unique designs, Phase Eight offers everything a sophisticated woman is looking for.
Find more shops
Accessibility & Cookie Policy
Working in Wembley Park
About Wembley Park
Discover London's Newest Creative Neighbourhood
These cookies are necessary for the correct functioning of the website. You cannot turn these off.
These cookies can be placed by third parties, like YouTube or Vimeo.
These non-anonymous analytics cookies allow us to measure the website usage and implement optimisations.
These cookies can be placed by social media providers like Facebook or Twitter.
Personalized cookies
These cookies allow us to serve content tailored to you specifically.
These cookies allow our advertising partners to tailor their advertisements.
We use cookies to improve your experience and personalise the content and ads you see. By selecting 'accept all', you agree to the use of cookies. If you would like to know more please read our Privacy Policy or you can manage the cookies used for you here.


text:
CEN, CENELEC, ETSI, the European Commission and EFTA organize third Indo-European conference on standards and emerging technology
New Delhi, India, 26 April 2018
Today, CEN, CENELEC, ETSI along with the European Commission (EC) and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), in the framework of their Project SESEI (Seconded European Standardization Expert in India) and in association with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), organized the third Indo-European conference on Standards and Emerging Technologies, held in New Delhi, India.
ETSI ISG CIM group releases first specification for context exchange in smart cities
Sophia Antipolis, 25 April 2018
The ETSI Industry Specification Group for cross-cutting Context Information Management (ISG CIM) has just released its first specification GS CIM 004.
ETSI Summit round up on Data Protection and Privacy
ETSI summit "Releasing the Flow - Data Protection and Privacy in a Data-Driven Economy" organized today at ETSI was the place to exchange views and concerns on data protection and privacy, topics that impact both enterprises and citizens' lives.
ETSI 71st General Assembly celebrates 30 years of success stories
The 71st ETSI General Assembly came to a close yesterday after two days of intensive work, networking and a tribute to our 30 years anniversary.


A late-night stroll through Wenceslas Square on Christmas night.
Traveling to Prague was a dream come true for me. Needing a location close to the political action of November 17 (the 25th Anniversary of the Velvet Revolution), I booked the Glass Penthouse. A modern, top floor apartment with rooftop decks and an entire wall of glass looking out onto the beautiful city. The company even arranged a driver to pick me up from the train station who gave me a warm welcome to the city and insider tips on the Czech people, history and crucial events to photograph while in town. I am forever grateful for that information! An apartment rental that leans more into the hotel service side than the crap-shoot of Air-bnb, it was warm and within walking distance of everything. Also for this photographer, sleeping in the same building as a famous photo archive made it even more meaningful.
Although this looks like an outdoor fast-food restaurant, it offers premium selections of sausage, beef, and other meat. Wonderful for late-night, post-pub snacks. You can also enjoy a cup of hot wine, or if you're recovering from a long night at the pub, coffee.
Wenceslas Square is one of the more touristy areas of Prague, but it's gorgeous during the Christmas season. Lights dangle on the facades of buildings, and venders sell food, trinkets, and drinks in decorated stalls. If you want to shop, stroll around, or visit the National Museum, this is your kind of spot. The Square also has excellent Indian, Japanese, and Asian fusion restaurants, for those who want a break from Czech food.


This week an interesting documentary screened on TV3 by former teacher and documentarian, Bryan Bruce. It was entitled: "World Class – Inside NZ Education – A Special Report". If you didn't see it, I would highly recommend watching it online (the direct link is here). In this documentary, Bryan has an in depth look at the NZ education system, examines where he feels it is going wrong, also comparing it with other education systems around the world.
One of the aspects of his report that really struck a chord with me was the research he highlighted that stressed the importance and effectiveness of small schools, and the positive impacts and outcomes they have on children.
There was also significant mention of the importance of community involvement in schools and the fact that NZ teachers are some of the highest trained and most effective teachers in the world. The inequality created through decile based funding, and the importance of a school curriculum that fostered and nurtured inquiry based learning that encouraged creativity and individual interests, rather than a culture of testing, and teachers 'imparting knowledge' were also stressed.
I encourage you to watch the documentary if you can, you may just find yourself nodding away and see some excellent correlations to Bryan's descriptions of what works best, and education provided at Paparimu School.


Jana Samargis-Woods returned to Archaeology and Museum studies after working many years in the corporate sector. She completed a BA/BCom majoring in Archaeology and Economics at the University of Melbourne. Most recently she completed an MBA (2012) at Melbourne Business School. She also completed a Graduate Diploma in one of the earliest Museum Studies courses in 1993 at Deakin University. She has had three seasons of practical excavation experience working on an Early Bronze Age site at Marki in Cyprus with Latrobe University as a graduate student. Jana is currently an MA research candidate with the University of Sydney. She is thrilled to be returning to research and to be part of the Heritage of the Air project where she will be investigating aviation museum collections in Melbourne.


text:
Next in the Genomics Revolution: The Era of the "Social Genome"
The Genome Company
social genome • genomics revolution • genomics • technology
Remember when personal computers, the Internet, and smartphones didn't even exist? In reality, that wasn't so long ago.
Just think for a moment about the scope and pace of the digital revolution.
In the early 1970s, computers were large monoliths that cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. Even the few so-called minicomputers that surfaced had price tags in the tens of thousands. The idea that the average person would own a desktop computer was considered far-fetched.
But then, in the span of about 50 years, we've gone from mainframes to personal computers to smartphones. We've seen everything from the dawn of the Internet and the advent of social media to the onset of the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning and AI. Today, nearly every aspect of our personal lives is intertwined with such technologies—from buying groceries online and Instagramming our pets and food to remotely controlling our home thermostats and enlisting help from Siri.
That's how powerful scientific and technological innovation, decreasing costs, and consumer adoption can be.
Truly mind-boggling, isn't it?
Now let's think about the scope and pace of the genomics revolution.
In 2003, after 15 years and $3 billion, the Human Genome Project (HGP-Read) completed sequencing the first human genome ever, launching the Era of the Read-Only Genome. By 2007, the cost of that technology, aka Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), had dropped to about $300,000—a price more accessible to big-time researchers than to average consumers. New companies started surfacing to fill the need for genome interpretation software and services, still with a hefty price tag and fairly cumbersome processes. But by 2012, monumental price drops and streamlined methodologies enabled the UK to launch the 100,000 Genomes Project and Illumina to announce a $5,000 individual WGS service.
The Era of the Read-Write Genome really took off with the emergence of the gene editing tool CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) led by Veritas Co-founder George Church and scientists Zhang, Doudna, Jinek, and Charpentier. In 2013, the Church and Zhang labs applied CRISPR to edit DNA in human cells, allowing genetic material to be added, removed, or altered. In 2016, The Genome Project-Write (GP-Write) launched with a focus on synthesizing human genomes.
That same year, Veritas Genetics (that's us!) broke the $1,000 barrier for Whole Genome Sequencing for consumers and physicians, paving the way for a true inflection point in the marketplace. When our November 2018 limited $199 myGenome offer sold out at 1,000 kits in less than six hours, it proved that consumer demand for WGS is real and that price is a key stumbling block. That game-changer steeled our resolve to continue driving down the price and increasing consumer access.
On July 1, 2019, we set another industry milestone when we announced a 40% reduction in the regular price of myGenome, making our gold standard WGS and interpretation service available for $599. That's one more landmark on the road to achieving our goal of sequencing 1 million genomes by 2021.
Think about that. We're envisioning a giant leap from the sequencing of 1 human genome to the sequencing of 1 million in less than 20 years.
But that escalation is about far more than achieving a numerical milestone.
It's about a steady progression from the Era of the Read-Only Genome—sequencing and reading human genomes to reveal health insights, like disease risk and pharmaceutical sensitivities—to the Era of the Read-Write Genome—editing and synthesizing human genomes to prevent disease.
It's about a seismic shift from the 'hoard data and sell to pharma' approach of some consumer genomics companies to the 'open science' approach Veritas supports. Through the latter, information is standardized and federated to enable the true realization of the promise of the genome, while respecting all privacy and security protocols. Already, the scale and speed of that data aggregation is astounding. For instance, data in the Arvados open-source software platform created by Curoverse has tripled in the last year to more than 20 petabytes.
Once again, scientific and technological innovation, decreasing costs, and consumer adoption are driving a revolution of great consequence. And similar to debates about the implications of high-tech developments like AI, the next phase of genomics will inevitably entail controversy and critical questions—presumably some of the most important and difficult debates we've ever faced.
(to view larger image, right click and select "open image in new tab")
We're coining that next phase the Era of the Social Genome, and we anticipate the turning point to usher it in will be the convergence of a WGS service in the $100-$200 range and consumer adoption reaching 1 million.
But what do we mean by the 'Era of the Social Genome'?
Let's start with what we don't mean. We don't mean outgoing and gregarious genomes, or ones that become active on Facebook or Twitter.
We're talking about the ubiquitous integration of your personal genomic information into key aspects of everyday life—healthcare, nutrition, and exercise; social interactions; finances; and business—coupled with the increased application of genetic engineering and synthetic biology. What we know today about genetics comes mostly from studying sub-populations with specific diseases, identifying common genetic variations and then comparing an individual to those data. As consumer adoption increases to hundreds of thousands and millions and we integrate genomic data with other biomedical information we will exponentially increase our learning as a society and impact on the individual level.
Here are just some of the ways we see the Era of the Social Genome unfolding:
"Whole Genome Sequencing will replace all genetic tests, because it is all genetic tests and much, much more." – George Church, Veritas co-founder & genomics pioneer
Genotyping-based tests (like 23andMe) will be supplanted completely by WGS because of the differences that make WGS far more comprehensive and meaningful, such as looking at your whole genome versus less than 1% of your DNA.
A predominant format and standard (like Arvados) will be adopted by research and clinical institutions—along with sequencing and interpretation companies—to store, manage, process, share, and monetize genomic data. Machine learning tools will be deployed across millions of standardized genomes.
WGS will become fully integrated into healthcare in the US, driving the evolution of the current model of generalized, reactive, treatment-oriented care further toward personalized, proactive, preventive medicine. Already, organizations like the Mayo Clinic are making make whole genome sequencing available to patients.
Every newborn in the US will be sequenced, and their genomic information used to guide their healthcare from day one.
Existing and new companies will launch consumer products and services to manage, safeguard, distribute, and monetize personal genomic information. These will include:
Health and life insurance products that take into account genetic risks.
Dating services that incorporate genetic information into "match" algorithms.
Reproductive services that include gene editing and enhancements.
Applications for platforms like Alexa, Siri, and Google Home—even Amazon Prime membership—that allow access to your genome sequencing results, related health insights, and complementary services or recommendations.
Escalation of DNA data marketplaces like Nebula Genomics and Luna DNA.
Integration of your genomic data with other "omics sciences" such as microbiomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
Straight-tech giants like Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, and Google will increasingly acquire health-tech companies despite consumer distrust .
New regulations and laws will be established to ensure consumer privacy and security, as well as equal access, and to accommodate the opportunities and risks that accompany WGS, gene editing, and synthetic biology.
That's just scratching the surface of what's to come. New genomic findings and applications are being discovered virtually every day, and it's impossible to know exactly where the science will lead. Will everyone have their genomes sequenced as a matter of course? Will genetic engineering and synthetic biology be used to prevent the spread of viruses, cure cancer, or enhance human beings for space travel?
The possibilities are endless, but there's no doubt that the Era of the Social Genome will introduce complex and profound societal issues. We believe this is a pivotal point in human history, a time for us all to become better informed and engaged in the conversations shaping the genomics revolution.
– Rodrigo Martinez, Chief Marketing & Design Officer and Mirza Cifric, Co-founder & CEO
We hope this piece triggers some important conversations. Please email us your comments or feedback. And if you want to explore related thoughts on science, medicine, technology, and design, check out the Veritas blog.
UPDATE 04/18/19: Rodrigo discusses the social genome with Theral Timpson at Mendelspod! Check it out here!
Want to be up to date with our adventures?
Sign up for our newsletter and join the conversation.
Raising the Bar: New Products Offer Full Spectrum of Results
So, you're thinking of getting a genetic test. That's great! But there are so many choices on the market, it's easy to get confused...


"I would like to thank You for nice conference in Riga – it was very well organised, informative. The story about Mauritius is unforgettable J. Vaginal health is not a priority topic in my country, so I look for possibilities to improve my competence and promote research..... I am very thankful for all the information from the conference in Riga as well as in the section in Hungary. The broader view I received I am using in everyday practice."
"Yes, our conference in Riga was a great happening. Very big milestone for our future cooperation and support to joint idea of Infectiology in OBS&GYN. We have to rise and grow even more together. To present our goal as a united team to the rest of the world.
"It was an honor and a great pleasure to participate in a such amazing congress!
"Thank you very much for this excellent ISIDOG conference! Very well done!


text:
Q: Unable to deploy serverless framework application to localstack I am learning how to use localstack to test my serverless app.
I started with a simple serverless app created from a template,
serverless create --template aws-nodejs

Here's the handler,
'use strict';

module.exports.hello = async (event) => {
  return {
    statusCode: 200,
    body: JSON.stringify(
      {
        message: 'Go Serverless v1.0! Your function executed successfully!',
        input: event,
      },
      null,
      2
    ),
  };

  // Use this code if you don't use the http event with the LAMBDA-PROXY integration
  // return { message: 'Go Serverless v1.0! Your function executed successfully!', event };
};

Then I installed serverless-localstack,
npm install --save-dev serverless-localstack

I have already installed localstack using pip.
This is my serverless.yml file,
service: localstack-lambda

plugins:
  - serverless-localstack

custom:
  localstack:
    debug: true
    host: http://localhost
    edgePort: 4566
    autostart: true  # optional - Start LocalStack in Docker on Serverless deploy
    docker:
      # Enable this flag to run "docker ..." commands as sudo
      sudo: False

frameworkVersion: '2'

provider:
  name: aws
  runtime: nodejs12.x

functions:
  hello:
    handler: handler.hello

I have not specified any stages like local, if no stages are specified then serverless-localstack by default will deploy to localstack for dev stage(which is the default)
Now, my expectation is that when I do sls deploy it should create the lambda function in localstack. And when I do aws --endpoint-url=http://localhost:4566 lambda list-functions I should see the created function.
However, what actually happens is that it just ends with what seems like no errors but I see no function being created. Here are the sls deploy logs,
─ ~/Documents/Playground/serverless-localstack                                                                                  1 ✘  took 4s  at 05:12:15 pm ─╮
╰─ sls deploy                                                                                ─╯
Serverless: config.options_stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.custom.stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.provider.stage: dev
Serverless: config.stage: dev
Serverless: Using serverless-localstack
Serverless: Reconfiguring service acm to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service amplify to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service apigateway to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service apigatewayv2 to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service application-autoscaling to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service appsync to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service athena to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service autoscaling to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service batch to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudformation to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudfront to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudsearch to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudtrail to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudwatch to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cloudwatchlogs to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service codecommit to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cognito-idp to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service cognito-identity to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service docdb to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service dynamodb to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service dynamodbstreams to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service ec2 to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service ecr to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service ecs to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service eks to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service elasticache to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service elasticbeanstalk to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service elb to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service elbv2 to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service emr to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service es to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service events to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service firehose to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service glacier to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service glue to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iam to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iot to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iotanalytics to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iotevents to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iot-data to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service iot-jobs-data to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service kafka to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service kinesis to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service kinesisanalytics to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service kms to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service lambda to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service logs to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service mediastore to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service neptune to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service organizations to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service qldb to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service rds to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service redshift to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service route53 to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service s3 to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service s3control to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service sagemaker to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service sagemaker-runtime to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service secretsmanager to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service ses to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service sns to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service sqs to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service ssm to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service stepfunctions to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service sts to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service timestream to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service transfer to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Reconfiguring service xray to use http://localhost:4566
Serverless: Deprecation warning: Resolution of lambda version hashes was improved with better algorithm, which will be used in next major release.
            Switch to it now by setting "provider.lambdaHashingVersion" to "20201221"
            More Info: https://www.serverless.com/framework/docs/deprecations/#LAMBDA_HASHING_VERSION_V2
Serverless: config.options_stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.custom.stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.provider.stage: dev
Serverless: config.stage: dev
Serverless: config.options_stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.custom.stage: undefined
Serverless: serverless.service.provider.stage: dev
Serverless: config.stage: dev
Serverless: Packaging service...
Serverless: Excluding development dependencies...

 Serverless Error ----------------------------------------

  Get Support --------------------------------------------
     Docs:          docs.serverless.com
     Bugs:          github.com/serverless/serverless/issues
     Issues:        forum.serverless.com

  Your Environment Information ---------------------------
     Operating System:          darwin
     Node Version:              14.16.1
     Framework Version:         2.44.0
     Plugin Version:            5.2.0
     SDK Version:               4.2.3
     Components Version:        3.11.0

Either there are no errors here or for some reason it's not visible.
Here are the logs form the localstack container,
 ~/Documents/Playground/serverless-localstack                                                                                  ✔  at 05:24:45 pm ─╮
╰─ docker logs -f ac9db5ab5627                                                                                ─╯
Waiting for all LocalStack services to be ready
2021-06-05 11:36:13,361 CRIT Supervisor is running as root.  Privileges were not dropped because no user is specified in the config file.  If you intend to run as root, you can set user=root in the config file to avoid this message.
2021-06-05 11:36:13,367 INFO supervisord started with pid 15
2021-06-05 11:36:14,372 INFO spawned: 'dashboard' with pid 21
2021-06-05 11:36:14,375 INFO spawned: 'infra' with pid 22
2021-06-05 11:36:14,379 INFO success: dashboard entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 0 seconds (startsecs)
2021-06-05 11:36:14,379 INFO exited: dashboard (exit status 0; expected)
(. .venv/bin/activate; exec bin/localstack start --host)
2021-06-05 11:36:15,386 INFO success: infra entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 1 seconds (startsecs)
Starting local dev environment. CTRL-C to quit.
Waiting for all LocalStack services to be ready

LocalStack version: 0.12.11
LocalStack Docker container id: ac9db5ab5627
LocalStack build date: 2021-06-04
LocalStack build git hash: 4005365d

2021-06-05T11:36:21:DEBUG:bootstrap.py: Loading plugins - scope "services", module "localstack": <function register_localstack_plugins at 0x7f9d5a5af700>
Starting edge router (https port 4566)...
Starting mock ACM service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock API Gateway service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock CloudFormation service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock CloudWatch service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock DynamoDB service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock DynamoDB Streams service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock EC2 service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock ES service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Firehose service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock IAM service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock STS service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Kinesis service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock KMS service on http port 4566 ...
2021-06-05T11:36:21:INFO:localstack.multiserver: Starting multi API server process on port 37957
[2021-06-05 11:36:21 +0000] [23] [INFO] Running on http://0.0.0.0:37957 (CTRL + C to quit)
2021-06-05T11:36:21:INFO:hypercorn.error: Running on http://0.0.0.0:37957 (CTRL + C to quit)
[2021-06-05 11:36:21 +0000] [23] [INFO] Running on https://0.0.0.0:4566 (CTRL + C to quit)
2021-06-05T11:36:21:INFO:hypercorn.error: Running on https://0.0.0.0:4566 (CTRL + C to quit)
2021-06-05 11:36:21,958:API:  * Running on all addresses.
   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.
2021-06-05 11:36:21,959:API:  * Running on http://172.17.0.2:39623/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO[2021-06-05 11:36:22.641] Local KMS 3.9.1 (4e5eb289efb23f9059ae4b1f9896bad6c9a499f2)
INFO[2021-06-05 11:36:22.679] No file found at path /init/seed.yaml; skipping seeding.
INFO[2021-06-05 11:36:22.679] Data will be stored in /tmp/local-kms
INFO[2021-06-05 11:36:22.679] Local KMS started on 0.0.0.0:42981
Initializing DynamoDB Local with the following configuration:
Port:   48595
InMemory:       true
DbPath: null
SharedDb:       false
shouldDelayTransientStatuses:   false
CorsParams:     *

Starting mock Lambda service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock CloudWatch Logs service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Redshift service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Route53 service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock S3 service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Secrets Manager service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock SES service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock SNS service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock SQS service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock SSM service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Cloudwatch Events service on http port 4566 ...
Listening at http://:::37625
Starting mock StepFunctions service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock SWF service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Resource Groups Tagging API service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Resource Groups API service on http port 4566 ...
Starting mock Support service on http port 4566 ...
Step Functions Local
Version: 1.7.6
Build: 2021-03-26
2021-06-05 11:36:24.127: Configure [PORT] to [8083]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.143: Configure [Account] to [000000000000]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.144: Configure [Region] to [us-east-1]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.144: Configure [Lambda Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.145: Configure [Batch Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.145: Configure [DynamoDB Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.145: Configure [ECS Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.146: Configure [Glue Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.146: Configure [SageMaker Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.147: Configure [SQS Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.147: Configure [SNS Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.148: Configure [Step Functions Endpoint] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.148: Configure [Step Functions Athena] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.148: Configure [Step Functions EKS] to [http://localhost:4566]
2021-06-05 11:36:24.167: Loaded credentials from environment
2021-06-05 11:36:24.167: Starting server on port 8083 with account 000000000000, region us-east-1
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:25 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Waiting for all LocalStack services to be ready
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:25 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:25 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:25 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:25 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.http.apache.client.impl.ApacheConnectionManagerFactory createSocketFactoryRegistry
WARNING: SSL Certificate checking for endpoints has been explicitly disabled.
Jun 05, 2021 11:36:26 AM com.amazonaws.internal.DefaultServiceEndpointBuilder getServiceEndpoint
INFO: {databrew, us-east-1} was not found in region metadata, trying to construct an endpoint using the standard pattern for this region: 'databrew.us-east-1.amazonaws.com'.
Waiting for all LocalStack services to be ready
Ready.
2021-06-05T11:36:34:INFO:localstack.utils.analytics.profiler: Execution of "start_api_services" took 12755.086183547974ms
2021-06-05T11:36:38:INFO:localstack.services.edge: Unable to find forwarding rule for host "localhost:4566", path "POST /", target header "", auth header "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential= /20210605/us-east-1/cloudformation/aws4_request, SignedHeaders=host;x-amz-content-sha256;x-amz-date;x-amz-security-token, Signature=e87dd28034bc2d712b371bb962b65b364e7549bb05c082476a0f16416d42ba1c", data "b'Action=DescribeStacks&StackName=localstack-lambda-dev&Version=2010-05-15'"
2021-06-05T11:37:02:INFO:localstack.services.edge: Unable to find forwarding rule for host "localhost:4566", path "POST /", target header "", auth header "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential= /20210605/us-east-1/cloudformation/aws4_request, SignedHeaders=host;x-amz-content-sha256;x-amz-date;x-amz-security-token, Signature=bb561b6d3ad75430d504c1d69501427b0e47549e68233f2c12daa0024a75003e", data "b'Action=DescribeStacks&StackName=localstack-lambda-dev&Version=2010-05-15'"

As you can see the localstack container logs have an interesting error?
2021-06-05T11:36:38:INFO:localstack.services.edge: Unable to find forwarding rule for host "localhost:4566", path "POST /", target header "", auth header "AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential= /20210605/us-east-1/cloudformation/aws4_request, SignedHeaders=host;x-amz-content-sha256;x-amz-date;x-amz-security-token, Signature=e87dd28034bc2d712b371bb962b65b364e7549bb05c082476a0f16416d42ba1c", data "b'Action=DescribeStacks&StackName=localstack-lambda-dev&Version=2010-05-15'"

I see a mention of cloudformation but I can verify that it's running.
I checked http://localhost:4566/health and got,
{"services": {"apigateway": "running", "cloudformation": "running", "cloudwatch": "running", "dynamodb": "running", "dynamodbstreams": "running", "ec2": "running", "es": "running", "firehose": "running", "iam": "running", "sts": "running", "kinesis": "running", "kms": "running", "lambda": "running", "logs": "running", "redshift": "running", "route53": "running", "s3": "running", "secretsmanager": "running", "ses": "running", "sns": "running", "sqs": "running", "ssm": "running", "events": "running", "stepfunctions": "running", "swf": "running", "resourcegroupstaggingapi": "running", "resource-groups": "running", "support": "running", "acm": "running"}, "features": {"persistence": "disabled", "initScripts": "initialized"}}

I need help in figuring why the lambda function is not created as expected


This sales center is designed as a square box in an enclosed garden.
The two floors contain both information, leisure, functional as financial areas.
On the second floor there are model apartments built on a scale of 1:1. In a abstract way nature has been brought into the building by adding a organic second skin in front of the glass structure.
This second skin is a transparent pattern of bamboo panels, fixed on a steel frame.
Which is recyclable and can, and shall, be reused later, for the sales center will remain here maximum five years.
The organic bamboo filter is opened on one side completely where the building focuses on the garden with its pond and trees.


text:
Malawi wins best soundtrack at Africa Movie Awards
April 21, 2013 Nyasa Times 6 Comments
Amidst high expectations, the huge contingent of Malawians that has travelled the Nigeria for the Africa Academy Movie Awards cast disappointed faces as only acoustic artist Agorosso emerged triumphant out of the five nominations.
The 9th Africa Movie Academy Awards winners were announced on Saturday in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State in Nigeria.
The African Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) are presented annually to recognize professionals in the African movie industry.
The icing on the cake for Malawi, little known for film, is that Flora Suya got nominated for the AMAA 2013 Prize for Best Actress in a leading role for her role in 'Last Fishing Boat', which walked away
with four other nominations including the prize for Best Film.
Agoroso, Lloyd Paundi
Of these, 'The Last Fishing' boat only won the Prize For Achievement In Soundtrack. Shire Valley musician Agorosso, real name Lloyd Paundi, provided the soundtrack for the movie.
The movie is set in Lake Malawi, Mangochi. The film shows the clash between two different civilizations, the African and the Western, and how this conflict is reflected on an ordinary Malawian family.
One day, a young tourist meets a charming young girl , the third wife of a polygamist, and promises (declares) his love. This will cause her a deep conflict that will force her to choose between her husband and the rich stranger.
The African Movie Academy Awards, popularly known as AMAA Awards, are presented annually to recognise excellence of professionals in the African film industry, including directors, actors, and writers.
It was founded by Peace Anyiam-Osigwe and run through the Africa Film Academy.
The awards are aimed at honouring and promoting excellence in the African movie industry as well as uniting the African continent through arts and culture.
The award presentation is attended by numerous international media representatives, Hollywood celebrities, Nigerian politicians, journalists and actresses and actors from all across Africa. The AMAA
awards are widely considered to be Africa's most important film event and one of the most prestigious African film awards.
A variety of international observers have fondly called the African Movie Academy Awards the "African Oscars".
African Movie AwardsFlora SuyaLloyd Paundi
Silver elects new executive: Mafuta Mwale returns hot seat, Tembo new GS
Malawi Muslims warns Uladi against 'La ilaha illa Allah' chants at PP rallies
Silver Strikers FC on Sunday went to polls where they elected new National Executive and supporters committee members to serve...


text:
(3079) Schiller ist ein Asteroid des Hauptgürtels, der am 24. September 1960 von dem niederländischen Astronomenehepaar Cornelis Johannes van Houten und Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld entdeckt wurde. Die Entdeckung geschah im Rahmen des Palomar-Leiden-Surveys, bei dem von Tom Gehrels mit dem 120-cm-Oschin-Schmidt-Teleskop des Palomar-Observatoriums (IAU-Code 675) aufgenommene Feldplatten an der Universität Leiden durchmustert wurden.

Der Asteroid wurde nach dem deutschen Dichter, Philosophen und Historiker Friedrich Schiller (1759–1805) benannt, der zusammen mit Wieland, Goethe und Herder das Viergestirn der Weimarer Klassik bildet.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Asteroiden

Weblinks
 Asteroid Schiller: Discovery Circumstances gemäß dem Minor Planet Center der Internationalen Astronomischen Union bei dem Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, USA

Hauptgürtelasteroid unter 50 km Durchmesser

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


There are few work environments with the number of hazards faced by construction workers every day. A hard hat and steel-toed boots are not going to protect the worker from some of the daily dangers they confront. Some construction firms are very careful and compliant with the required safety standards, and others are negligent in ensuring that all that should be done to protect the workers is in place.
When injured in such an accident, it is critical to contact an attorney at once. An attorney from Zinda Law Group PLLC will immediately review and evaluate the case; if an independent investigation is necessary, this can be arranged. If you or a loved one has suffered injuries on a construction site, our attorney at the firm is prepared to assist you with the legal claim related to the injuries and other damages. The firm serves the injured in the Dallas area.
Many construction site injuries come about through serious departures from standard safety procedures. Scaffolding falls are one of the more common and often tragic accidents that can forever damage the victim. Traumatic brain injuries and serious spinal injuries are sadly the result in many scaffolding fall or collapse cases. The scaffolding may have been installed by a sub-contractor or through the construction firm in charge of the job.
In other serious workplace injuries, it could be related to electrical accidents, falling objects, trench collapses or equipment failures. Any of these incidents can cause life-threatening or catastrophic injuries to the worker. At our firm, our Dallas Personal Injury Lawyers have long experience in litigation and are prepared to fight aggressively for clients who have been seriously injured in construction accidents and require legal representation to fight for fair and full compensation for the damages suffered in the incident.


text:
Providing Information By Topic Pipelines Working Around Oil and Gas Pipelines
Before beginning work around oil and gas pipelines, it's important to obtain all required approvals to ensure that workers, the public, and the environment are safe.
Below is a brief overview of what to do and who to contact when planning surface work or a ground disturbance around oil and gas pipelines. This information applies to pipelines that we regulate.
Surface Work Near a Pipeline
What activities are considered surface work?
Operating vehicles or equipment on or across a pipeline other than via a highway or public road is considered surface work.
Ground Disturbance Near a Pipeline
What activities are considered ground disturbances?
Ground disturbances, as defined under the Pipeline Act, can include excavating, digging, trenching, plowing, drilling, tunnelling, augering, backfilling, blasting, stripping topsoil, levelling, removing peat, quarrying, clearing, grading, and pounding posts.
Activities that are not considered to be a ground disturbance include
a disturbance that is less than 30 centimetres deep and that does not reduce the pipeline cover to less than what currently exists, and
cultivation less than 45 centimetres deep.
Prepare to Carry Out a Ground Disturbance
Before conducting a ground disturbance anywhere, a person must
search for pipelines within 30 metres (m) of the perimeter of the area that they plan to disturb, and
contact Alberta One-Call and request the location of any buried utilities in the area.
Note that not all underground services are registered on the Alberta One-Call system—do not assume that they are!
Ways of searching for pipelines, in addition to contacting Alberta One-Call, include the following:
Check with local utility providers.
Check the land title for easements or rights-of-way.
Look for pipeline warning signs, which are typically located at road or water crossings.
Look for nearby wells, tanks, valve stations, and meter stations, which might indicate the presence of a pipeline.
Look for ground settling from previous work.
Talk to nearby residents and landowners.
Hire a service provider that locates pipelines.
Order Pipeline As Built / Base Maps / Right Of Way Plans through the AER products and services catalogue, or contact the AER Customer Contact Centre for help ordering it.
Determine Where Work Is To Be Conducted Around a Pipeline
Pipeline Right-of-Way
A pipeline right-of-way (ROW) is the land allocated for the pipeline and its maintenance. It is often defined in a written agreement between the landowner and the pipeline company. The width of the ROW is usually less than 30 m but can vary.
The width of the ROW should be identified on the land title or easement. Do not assume that the pipeline is located in the middle of the ROW.
Controlled Area of a Pipeline
A pipeline's controlled area is a strip of land 30 m wide on each side of the pipeline, measured from the centre of the outermost pipeline. If the ROW extends beyond 30 m from the centre of the outermost pipeline, the entire ROW is the controlled area.
Contact the Pipeline Licensee
Contact the pipeline licensee for approval to do the following:
Ground disturbance in a pipeline ROW, or within 5 m of the pipeline if there is no pipeline ROW
Surface work in a pipeline ROW, or within 5 m of the pipeline if there is no pipeline ROW
Cross a pipeline with vehicles or equipment
Work outside of a pipeline ROW but within 30 m of the pipeline (i.e., in the controlled area)
Written approval from the licensee must be obtained before conducting a ground disturbance in the pipeline ROW or within 5 m of the pipeline if there is no ROW.
If the pipeline licensee does not respond, see the Unresponsive Pipeline Licensee section for how to proceed.
Report Any Incidents
All pipeline incidents in Alberta must be reported to the AER, including when a pipeline is hit, even if no product is released.
For more information about conducting a ground disturbance around a pipeline, see our Safe Excavation Near Pipelines brochure.
For rules and requirements that must be followed when working around pipelines, see the Pipeline Act (sections 32, 35, and 42) and the Pipeline Rules (Part 5, Ground Disturbance).
Unresponsive Pipeline Licensee
Attempts to contact a pipeline licensee might be unsuccessful if the licensee is in insolvency proceedings, has ceased operations, or has no person acting on its behalf.
Except in cases of ground disturbance within a pipeline ROW, or within 5m of a pipeline if there is no ROW, we do not have the authority to issue approvals on behalf of the licensee for work to be conducted around pipelines, nor do we have the ability to extend existing agreements with the licensee. We also do not issue approvals for surface work around a pipeline where there is no ground disturbance, such as crossing or encroaching on a pipeline.
Any work done without the approval of a pipeline licensee (or the trustee or receiver-manager of its property) is done at the person's own risk.
Who to Contact When the Licensee Is Unresponsive
If the pipeline is designated as an orphan, contact the Orphan Well Association by email at landrequests@orphanwell.ca.
If the pipeline is on private land, contact the landowner for permission to access their land, including use of any private roads.
If the pipeline is on public land and access is needed on a nearby licence of occupation (LOC) for road use, a road-use agreement must be made with the LOC holder.
If the LOC holder does not respond,
AER-regulated parties must apply for a temporary field authorization (TFA) from us using the Public Lands Act form; and
non-AER regulated parties must apply for a TFA from Alberta Environment and Parks.
If the pipeline is within a special area, contact the Special Areas Board.
When to Contact the AER
If the licensee is unresponsive, contact us for approval to conduct a ground disturbance in the pipeline ROW, or within 5 m of the pipeline if there is no ROW. Email us at PipelineOperations@aer.ca, with "Ground disturbance request inside pipeline ROW" in the "Subject" field of the email.
Separate arrangements still need to be made for access to the site, as discussed above.
Requests to us must include the following:
Pipeline licence number and line number
A clear description of the planned ground disturbance
Documentation detailing attempts to get a response from the pipeline licensee
A statement saying whether the proposed activity is on private or public land
A site survey, or other mapping document, that clearly identifies the location (i.e., legal subdivision) of the planned ground disturbance and the distance to any potentially impacted infrastructure
The approximate schedule for the work
Contact information (including mailing address) for the company or individual requiring the approval
Please allow us at least two weeks to issue a decision. Incomplete requests will delay the response. We will respond in the order in which requests are received. If we issue an approval, it might contain terms and conditions that we feel are appropriate in the circumstances.
If the property has been designated as an orphan, we will coordinate the approval with the Orphan Well Association.
Any work done without the approval of the pipeline licensee (or the trustee or receiver-manager of its property) is done at the person's own risk.


text:
Trey Bagwell Commits To Wisconsin-River Falls
June 17, 2019 dpuska
AMARILLO, TX – A second member of the Amarillo Bulls is headed to the University of Wisconsin-River Falls.
The Bulls announced today (Monday) that forward Trey Bagwell has committed to the University of Wisconsin-River Falls (DIII-WIAC), joining current forward Charlie Singerhouse. He is the 14th Amarillo Bulls player on the 2018-19 roster to make his NCAA plans.
Bagwell, a native of Phoenix Arizona, was originally acquired from the Aberdeen Wings in January of the 2017-18 season. In 85 career games, Bagwell had 23 goals and 27 assists for 60 points. Six of those goals were tallied on the power play.
"It's been a dream of mine to play collegiate hockey since I was a kid," said Bagwell. "I'm excited to attend Wisconsin-River Falls to further my academic and athletic careers."
Amarillo Bulls Head Coach Rocky Russo was said the team is excited for Trey and his family.
"Congratulations to Trey on his commitment to River Falls." Russo said. "He will be a great addition to the program and to the University. He is a good teammate that will bring a lot to the locker room for the team. We wish Trey the best of luck."
Trey Bagwell (Wisconsin-River Falls) joins Jake Willets (Ferris State), Louis Helsen (RPI), Logan Jenuwine (Arizona State), Gabriel Seger (Union College), Brett Abdelnour (Army-West Point), Jason Grande (Bentley), Justin Evenson (Army-West Point), Nick Anderson (Colgate), Alex Peterson (Holy Cross), Brenden Datema (Michigan Tech), Jason Brancheau (Ferris State) and John Pesek (St. Thomas) as Bulls' players on the 2018-19 roster to make their NCAA College Commitments.
The Amarillo Bulls offer a variety of season ticket packages available for the 10th anniversary season at the Budweiser Bull Pen in the Amarillo Civic Center. There are full, half, seven game and 10 game flex packs available that offer great benefits and perks to the fans. For further information on seat locations, payment plans, and pricing for the variety packages please visit www.amarillobulls.com or call 242-1122, visit 301 South Polk in the Amarillo Building.
Previous PostRusso Named Assistant Coach For Team NAHLNext PostDenis J Puska departing Bulls Returning Home


I stopped at my local Harbor Freight store and learned that for "the rest of the month" you can get a $10 gift card when you join their Inside Track Club, which costs $29.99. The deal is available both online and in their stores. You may want to tell your store cashier that you want to join and get the gift card because you may not get it automatically. At least that was the case in my the store. They had to void my purchase and ring it up a different way so they could give me the card. There won't be any confusion if you buy it online and it looks like they'll ship it for free if that's the only item you buy.
I've been wondering for a long time if the Inside Track Club is worth $30 a year. I guess I'm going to finally find out and so will you, because I'll let you know. There was a time when I was spending so much money at Harbor Freight that I'm sure it would have more than paid for itself. But my shop is so well equipped (and I also have so little space) that I don't buy as much now and I only stopped in yesterday because I was nearby.
I just bought a two yr membership today and there was no mention of the $10 gift card. I found out when I went online after it was too late. That sux.
I purchased a membership today and did not get a $10 gift card. I only found out about it online.
Be happy while you're living, for you're a long time dead.


text:
Robber Threatens to Throw Acid on Women at Upper East Side ATM, NYPD Says
By Shaye Weaver |&nbspMay 30, 2017 11:14am | Updated on June 1, 2017 9:47am
@shayeweaver
Police said this man threatened two women with acid on different occasions at a First Avenue Citibank.
UPPER EAST SIDE — A mugger threatened to throw acid at a pair of women in separate robberies at the same bank branch on First Avenue, police said.
During the most recent robbery, on Monday just before 4 p.m., the suspect approached a 36-year-old woman at the Citibank ATM at the corner of East 68th Street and demanded cash, the NYPD said.
"Give me $1,000 or I'll throw acid on you," he told the victim while waving a bottle at her, according to police.
The woman withdrew $500 and gave it to the suspect before he fled southbound on First Avenue, police said.
He was described as wearing a gray hoodie, a black jacket and sunglasses.
Police released surveillance footage on Wednesday and Thursday of the suspect entering the branch and walking down the sidewalk with a bag.
On May 12 at the same branch, the suspect followed another woman to the ATM and said, "Yo, mami, I have acid, and I'm gonna throw it in your face if you don't give me $1,000," the NYPD said. He again waved a bottle at the victim that was filled with yellow liquid, police said.
The 22-year-old victim withdrew $200 and then another $800 to give to the mugger, police said.
He was described as wearing a gray hoodie and blue jeans, standing 6-foot-4 with a thin build, police said.
Next in Upper East Side & Roosevelt Island
Fancy French Bistro's Sex Harassment of Dishwasher Nearly Killed Her: Suit
Police Shoot Knife-Wielding Man Who Charged at Them, NYPD Says
LIC, Midtown West Among 4 Neighborhoods Pitched by City for Next Amazon HQ
New York City »
Rent-Stabilized Apartments Are Being Occupied by Millionaires, Records Show
SoHo »
SoHo Cat Cafe Gets 9 Felines Adopted in 10 Days
Crown Heights »
9 Things You Need To Know Before Renting in New York City


text:
The Fighting Fifth Cuban Mascot è un cortometraggio muto del 1898. Il nome del regista non viene riportato nei credit del film, un documentario che mostra le mascotte dei Rough Riders, il corpo di volontari che prese parte alla guerra ispano-americana affiancando l'esercito a Cuba.

Trama

Produzione
Il film fu prodotto dalla Selig Polyscope Company.

Distribuzione
Distribuito dalla Selig Polyscope Company, il film - un cortometraggio di 15,24 metri - uscì nelle sale cinematografiche statunitensi nel 1898.

Note

Voci correlate
Filmografia della Selig Polyscope

Collegamenti esterni

Cortometraggi muti statunitensi
Film documentari statunitensi


Inclusive, diverse and supportive of community participation, community gardens are a great way to bring together patrons and expand the library's role beyond its walls.
Pottsboro (Texas) Area Public Library learned how powerful community gardens can be when the library used a single grant to transform an acre of vacant city land into a vibrant garden plot that residents could use, free of charge.
Join Pottsboro (Texas) Area Public Library for this 60-minute webinar, where the library's director will discuss how planting a community garden led to the development of unique partnerships and an influx of new users from diverse market segments. Learn how the rural library's programming horizons were broadened and how the library took on a new role in their small community.
This webinar will review the steps Pottsboro Area Public Library took to get their community garden started and where it is going.
Libraries are perfectly positioned to change the world!


A free pet-friendly event! Yappy Hour at Pet Coral happens the 2nd Friday of every month from 6:30 – 8 pm. Pets need to be up to date on the Rabies and Distemper. We also require the Bordetella every 6 months. Come out and enjoy a night by the pool with your fur baby!


text:
Mobility and exchange students
Accommodation and living in Granada
Research at the UGR
Human resources strategy (HRS4R)
Living in granada
Granada is, first and foremost, a university city. It has a population of 240,000 people, over 65,000 of whom are students, lecturers, researchers and administrative staff at the University of Granada. This means that a wide range of accommodation options are available to international students, researchers and teaching staff.
Accommodation Office
The Accommodation Office (Oficina de Gestión de Alojamientos) offers guidance to the university community on accommodation options in Granada, which include flats and apartments, private rooms, university residences (colegios mayores y residencias universitarias), hostels and hotels, and a specific accommodation programme with elderly people.
International Welcome Centre
If you are an international researcher or teacher intending to complete a mobility period at the UGR, the International Welcome Centre (IWC) staff will be glad to help you search for accommodation in Granada. We recommend that you contact the IWC (welcome@ugr.es) before coming to Granada and indicate your preferences.
Granada is one of Europe's most affordable student cities. Spanish and international students normally share accommodation — usually in flats of between 2 to 4 people — as this is the cheapest option (approximately €200-€300 per month for a room).
Doctoral students, teachers and researchers who are accompanied by their families usually choose apartments or single-family houses, the cost of which generally ranges between €500-€800 per month (depending on its location, size etc.).
Short-term stays (less than 1 month)
If you are a member or guest of the University of Granada and are planning to undertake a short-term mobility period at our institution (approx. less than 1 month) you can book accommodation at our visitors residences. The reservation must be made through a university service such as the International Welcome Centre or your host department. Our residences provide full-board accommodation and are located in historical quarters. The Corrala de Santiago Visitors Residence is located in the Realejo district, while the Carmen de la Victoria Visitors Residence is located in the Albaicín district.
Long-term stays (more than 1 month)
Renting a flat or a room
If you are planning to stay for several months or a full academic year, this is the best option. Private owners and real estate agents publish their offers on several websites and social networks. It is also common to find rental ads on the notice boards of faculties and schools.
Districts:
Although rental prices are slightly more expensive in this area than in other parts of the city, it has comprehensive services and good transport connections. The faculties of Law; Translation and Interpreting; Political Science and Sociology; Social Work; Labour Relations and Human Resources; Architecture; as well as the Fuentenueva Campus, are all located in this area.
Popular among university students, the Ronda district is close to the city centre and the cost of living is slightly lower than in the historic centre or Albaicín. This area has a wide range of shopping centres, cinemas, green areas, supermarkets and gyms.
Albaicín/Albayzín
The Albaicín (or Albayzín), which is a historic district and UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the most charming neighbourhoods in Granada, with wonderful views of the city. As it is both a residential and tourist area, it is also one of the most expensive districts in the city. Very few bus lines connect the Albaicín to the rest of the city so residents usually move around on foot.
Beiro, Chana and Norte
These districts are the farthest from the city centre, but rental prices are among the lowest in Granada. These areas are also close to the Cartuja Campus.
Zaidín and Genil
These are the southern districts of Granada. Increasing numbers of students are searching for accommodation in the Zaidín due to the presence of the new Health Sciences Technology Park (PTS) University Campus in this district.
Start looking at accommodation options and contact the owners/tenants before your arrival.
Visit and view the properties in person before signing a contract or giving a deposit.
University residences and student residences are more expensive than shared flats, but generally include other services such as room cleaning, laundry and full or half board.
Some residences, particularly colegios mayores (private student residences), have strict cohabitation rules. Make sure you read these rules before making any decisions.
Find out if the flat is being advertised by the owner or a real estate agent. Real estate agents will charge a fee for their service, which is usually equivalent to the cost of one month's rent.
Request receipts for all transactions and payments, including the deposit, and store them in a safe place.
Ask if the rent covers community fees (gastos de comunidad), which are monthly charges that all flat owners pay for the general maintenance of a building in Spain, or if you have to pay for them separately.
Ask approximately how much you will have to pay for electricity, gas and water.
Ask how the hot water works. If it requires butane gas, bear in mind that cylinders will have to be purchased on a regular basis from distributors. Ask the owner how to purchase a new cylinder in your neighbourhood and always try to have a spare one at home.
Ask how much the deposit is (normally a month's rent). If everything is in order at the end of the rental period, the landlord must return the deposit to you. Make sure you request a receipt for the deposit.
In Granada, summers are very hot and winters quite cold. Keep this in mind and try to find out if the flat is well insulated and has central heating or air conditioning, etc.
Read the rental contract very carefully and make sure you understand all of the terms and conditions.
Most apartments and houses do not have fire alarms or smoke detectors, so be careful when using cookers, stoves, radiators and any other heating devices. Never leave your house or go to bed without turning them off. For additional safety, you could also buy and install a smoke detector.
What is it like to live in Granada? In what follows, we give you an overview of some of the characteristics that make Granada a special place to live.
A university city
Granada has a population of 240,000 people, over 65,000 of whom are students, lecturers, researchers and administrative staff at the University of Granada. As a result, a lively student atmosphere has flourished here, giving rise to the development of a modern, multicultural and vibrant study destination that welcomes people from all backgrounds.
Five of the UGR's campuses are spread out across the city, giving it an unmistakable university feel. The remaining two campuses are found in the North African cities of Ceuta and Melilla, making our institution a truly intercontinental university.
As the University is at the heart of the city, Granada provides incoming students and researchers with excellent services and facilities, along with a wide range of cultural activities. It is also one of the least expensive cities in Spain, while commonly regarded as offering one of the highest levels of quality of life.
A cultural hub
Thanks to its rich historical and cultural heritage, and to the presence of a proactive university community, Granada has firmly established itself as a vibrant cultural hub. Along with its charm, its many recreational activities make it a great city to explore and a magnificent destination for students from around the world.
It currently boasts a wide variety of festivals which take place throughout the year, including:
International Hocus Pocus Magic Festival of Granada
International Jazz Festival of Granada
International Music and Dance Festival of Granada
International Poetry Festival of Granada (FIP)
International Tango Festival of Granada
International Young Filmmakers Festival of Granada (FIJR)
BAG International Arts Festival
FACBA Contemporary Art Festival
Retroback International Classic Film Festival
White Night Festival in Granada
"Cines del Sur" Film Festival of Granada
"Cinemística" Film Festival
International University Theatre Meeting in Granada (EITUG)
An array of flamenco and dance festivals
The UGR also regularly holds concerts, film screenings, plays, exhibitions, and workshops.
An unbeatable location
Granada, a safe modern city, also has an outstanding geographical location just 40 minutes from the Mediterranean Coast with its tropical climate, and 30 minutes from the Sierra Nevada ski resort. This means you can enjoy mountain sports like skiing and snowboarding and bathe in the Mediterranean Sea all in the same day. The towns and villages dotting the coast, such as Motril, Salobreña and Almuñecar, offer scenic beaches and exceptional weather throughout the year.
The surrounding towns and villages, such as those found in the mountainous Alpujarra region to the south, offer cultural diversity and stunning scenery.
Granada and these surrounding towns offer a wide range of sporting and leisure activities, including as mountaineering, hiking, rock climbing, kayaking, waterskiing and windsurfing. The UGR Sports Centre (CAD) offers courses in all of these areas.
Rich historical and architectural heritage
Granada is an enchanting city, full of monuments, history and, of course, the University. The world-renowned Alhambra and Generalife palaces, which form the backdrop of Granada's cityscape, are widely regarded as among the most outstanding examples of Arabic architecture in the world. In 1984 these palaces, along with the labyrinth-like historical quarter known as the Albaicín, became UNESCO world heritage sites, further adding to Granada's reputation as one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
As well as working constantly to enrich the city culturally, the UGR is fully committed to its policy of recovering, restoring and conserving buildings of historical worth in the city. "La Madraza" Palace (1349), Hospital Real (the seat of the Rectorate) and the Faculties of Law, Medicine, Translation and Interpreting, and Communication and Documentation, among others, are all buildings of considerable historical worth.
UGR Quality Policy
Health and Risk Prevention Service
Mediterranean Summer School
Employment and Work Placement Office
Centre for Open Learning for Seniors
Computer and Communication Networks Centre
Resource Production Centre for the Digital University
UGR Chairs
Secretariat for the UGR Web
UGR News Channel
Centre for Scientific Instrumentation
UGR Conferences
© 2018 University of Granada


text:
Temples and Cathedrals
Opera and Ballet
Minihotels
Timeclub
Sport bars
For disabled
St. Petersburg crafts
Sea and River Ports
Car rent
Hire of bicycles
Short journey from Petersburg
Ideas for tourism
Accessible environment
Tourist guidebook
Ideas for walking
The "Open City" Project
St.-Petersburg Taxi
Directory of guides
Online-consultant
Favorites Sign in Sign up Russian version
2019 marks the 500th anniversary of the death of Leonardo da Vinci
The City of Torino, in partnership with Piedmont Region, Royal Museums and Fondazione Torino Musei will celebrate the prodigious polymath's life and work with events, special exhibitions and cultural activities.
From 15 April to14 July the Royal Museums will host the Leonardo da Vinci: Drawing the Future exhibition displaying over fifty masterpieces showcasing the artist's studies in art and science in the form of drawings.
Visitors will be guided through a collection of works including thirteen drawings purchased by King Charles Albert in 1840 and the famous Codex on the Flight of Birds, donated by Theodor Sabachnikov to King Umberto I in 1893. This outstanding set of works, dating from about 1488 to 1515, include a variety of subjects of different inspiration witnessing Leonardo's activity from his youth to full maturity.
Core of the exhibition is the universally renowned Portrait of an Old Man, known as Leonardo's Self Portrait. The exhibition is divided into various sections, each one with its own interpretation of the master's work and of the investigations carried out by all the Renaissance artists: the heritage of ancient art, the exploration of the anatomy and the proportions of the human body, the interaction between art and poetry, self portraits, the study of faces and the challenge of portraying emotions.
Overall a unique occasion to spread among visitors the Renaissance legacy, from art to literature, from music to science and architecture and, more broadly, to the art of living.
For more information on the rich programme of events, please visit http://www.leonardoatorino.it.
"Miracle of Light
Festival. The Link of
Times" is included in the
Russian Book of Records
St. Petersburg signed an
agreement with South
Korea in the field of
What Made Saint
Petersburg Remarkable for
Journalists and Bloggers
Join:
The Government Of St. Petersburg
The Committee for tourism development of St.Petersburg
St.Petersburg Tourist Information Bureau
Saint Petersburg Convention Bureau
National tourism portal
The official travel site of Leningrad Region
Concerts, exhibitions, interesting facts and events of the city.
Ask questions and get answers in our groups: