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Detecting Alzheimer's in a novel
Tuesday, 04 December 2018 11:06:13 CST David-Braverman General (0)
Researchers used the Iris Murdoch's last novel to quantify how Alzheimer's first signs show up in language:
As [neurologist Peter] Garrard explains, a patient's vocabulary becomes restricted, and they use fewer words that are specific labels and more words that are general labels. For example, it's not incorrect to call a golden retriever an "animal," though it is less accurate than calling it a retriever or even a dog. Alzheimer's patients would be far more likely to call a retriever a "dog" or an "animal" than "retriever" or "Fred." In addition, Garrard adds, the words Alzheimer's patients lose tend to appear less frequently in everyday English than words they keep — an abstract noun like "metamorphosis" might be replaced by "change" or "go."
Researchers also found the use of specific words decreases and the noun-to-verb ratio changes as more "low image" verbs (be, come, do, get, give, go, have) and indefinite nouns (thing, something, anything, nothing) are used in place of their more unusual brethren. The use of the passive voice falls off markedly as well. People also use more pauses, Garrard says, as "they fish around for words."
For his analysis of Murdoch, Garrard used a program called Concordance to count word tokens and types in samples of text from three of her novels: her first published effort, Under the Net; a mid-career highlight, The Sea, The Sea, which won the Booker prize in 1978; and her final effort, Jackson's Dilemma. He found that Murdoch's vocabulary was significantly reduced in her last book — "it had become very generic," he says — as compared to the samples from her two earlier books.
Apparently there's a movie about Iris Murdoch too.
Tags : History, Psychology, Health, Software
81044c6b-acba-4692-b150-4d2165d29835|0|.0|27604f05-86ad-47ef-9e05-950bb762570c
Researchers used the Iris Murdoch's last novel to quantify how Alzheimer's first signs show up
I've heard Alzheimer's patients make more sense
Yesterday, the New York Times published an interview with President Trump that no president in
I finally got around to reading The Atlantic's 2010 Fiction issue, and I happened upon this essay by


Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). Question: Is "separate but equal" on the basis of race unconstitutional?
This case turns upon the constitutionality of an act of the General Assembly of the State of Louisiana, passed in 1890, providing for separate railway carriages for the white and colored races.
. . . The information filed in the criminal District Court charged in substance that Plessy, being a passenger between two stations within the State of Louisiana, was assigned by officers of the company to the coach used for the race to which he belonged, but he insisted upon going into a coach used by the race to which he did not belong. Neither in the information nor plea was his particular race or color averred. The petition for the writ of prohibition averred that petitioner was seven-eighths Caucasian and one eighth African blood; that the mixture of colored blood was not discernible in him, and that he was entitled to every right, privilege and immunity secured to citizens of the United States of the white race; and that, upon such theory, he took possession of a vacant seat in a coach where passengers of the white race were accommodated, and was ordered by the conductor to vacate [p542] said coach and take a seat in another assigned to persons of the colored race, and, having refused to comply with such demand, he was forcibly ejected with the aid of a police officer, and imprisoned in the parish jail to answer a charge of having violated the above act.
1. That it does not conflict with the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, is too clear for argument.
. . . A statute which implies merely a legal distinction between the white and colored races — a distinction which is founded in the color of the two races and which must always exist so long as white men are distinguished from the other race by color — has no tendency to destroy the legal equality of the two races, or reestablish a state of involuntary servitude. Indeed, we do not understand that the Thirteenth Amendment is strenuously relied upon by the plaintiff in error in this connection.
. . . The object of the amendment was undoubtedly to enforce the absolute equality of the two races before the law, but, in the nature of things, it could not have been intended to abolish distinctions based upon color, or to enforce social, as distinguished from political, equality, or a commingling of the two races upon terms unsatisfactory to either. Laws permitting, and even requiring, their separation in places where they are liable to be brought into contact do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other, and have been generally, if not universally, recognized as within the competency of the state legislatures in the exercise of their police power. The most common instance of this is connected with the establishment of separate schools for white and colored children, which has been held to be a valid exercise of the legislative power even by courts of States where the political rights of the colored race have been longest and most earnestly enforced.
. . . Laws forbidding the intermarriage of the two races may be said in a`technical sense to interfere with the freedom of contract, and yet have been universally recognized as within the police power of the State.
. . . In the Civil Rights Case, it was held that an act of Congress entitling all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States to the full and equal enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities and privileges of inns, public conveyances, on land or water, theatres and other places of public amusement, and made applicable to citizens of every race and color, regardless of any previous condition of servitude, was unconstitutional and void upon the ground that the Fourteenth Amendment was prohibitory upon the States only, and the legislation authorized to be adopted by Congress for enforcing it was not direct legislation on matters respecting which the States were prohibited from making or enforcing certain laws, or doing certain acts, but was corrective legislation such as might be necessary or proper for counteracting and redressing the effect of such laws or acts.
. . . While we think the enforced separation of the races, as applied to the internal commerce of the State, neither abridges the privileges or immunities of the colored man, deprives him of his property without due process of law, nor denies him the equal protection of the laws within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment, we are not prepared to say that the conductor, in assigning passengers to the coaches according to their race, does not act at his peril, or that the provision of the second section of the act that denies to the passenger compensation in damages for a refusal to receive him into the coach in which he properly belongs is a valid exercise of the legislative power. Indeed, we understand it to be conceded by the State's Attorney that such part of the act as exempts from liability the railway company and its officers is unconstitutional. The power to assign to a particular coach obviously implies the power to determine to which race the passenger belongs, as well as the power to determine who, under the laws of the particular State, is to be deemed a white and who a colored person. This question, though indicated in the brief of the plaintiff in error, does not properly arise upon the record in this case, since the only issue made is as to the unconstitutionality of the act so far as it requires the railway to provide separate accommodations and the conductor to assign passengers according to their race.
. . . So far, then, as a conflict with the Fourteenth Amendment is concerned, the case reduces itself to the question whether the statute of Louisiana is a reasonable regulation, and, with respect to this, there must necessarily be a large discretion on the part of the legislature. In determining the question of reasonableness, it is at liberty to act with reference to the established usages, customs, and traditions of the people, and with a view to the promotion of their comfort and the preservation of the public peace and good order. Gauged by this standard, we cannot say that a law which authorizes or even requires the separation of the two races in public conveyances is unreasonable, or more obnoxious to the Fourteenth Amendment than the acts of Congress requiring separate schools for colored children in the District of Columbia, the constitutionality of which does not seem to have been questioned, or the corresponding acts of state legislatures.
. . . Legislation is powerless to eradicate racial instincts or to abolish distinctions based upon physical differences, and the attempt to do so can only result in accentuating the difficulties of the present situation. If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically. If one race be inferior to the other socially, the Constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane.
. . . [Under the Louisiana law], the State regulates the use of a public highway by citizens of the United States solely upon the basis of race.
. .. In respect of civil rights common to all citizens, the Constitution of the United States does not, I think, permit any public authority to know the race of those entitled to be protected in the enjoyment of such rights. Every true man has pride of race, and, under appropriate circumstances, when the rights of others, his equals before the law, are not to be affected, it is his privilege to express such pride and to take such action based upon it as to him seems proper. But I deny that any legislative body or judicial tribunal may have regard to the race of citizens when the civil rights of those citizens are involved. Indeed, such legislation as that here in question is inconsistent not only with that equality of rights which pertains to citizenship, National and State, but with the personal liberty enjoyed by everyone within the United States.
. . . It is said in argument that the statute of Louisiana does not discriminate against either race, but prescribes a rule applicable alike to white and colored citizens. But this argument does not meet the difficulty. Everyone knows that the statute in question had its origin in the purpose not so much to exclude white persons from railroad cars occupied by blacks as to exclude colored people from coaches occupied by or assigned to white persons. Railroad corporations of Louisiana did not make discrimination among whites in the matter of accommodation for travelers. The thing to accomplish was, under the guise of giving equal accommodation for whites and blacks, to compel the latter to keep to themselves while traveling in railroad passenger coaches. No one would be so wanting in candor to assert the contrary. The fundamental objection, therefore, to the statute is that it interferes with the personal freedom of citizens.
. . . It is one thing for railroad carriers to furnish, or to be required by law to furnish, equal accommodations for all whom they are under a legal duty to carry. It is quite another thing for government to forbid citizens of the white and black races from traveling in the same public conveyance, and to punish officers of railroad companies for permitting persons of the two races to occupy the same passenger coach. If a State can prescribe, as a rule of civil conduct, that whites and blacks shall not travel as passengers in the same railroad coach, why may it not so regulate the use of the streets of its cities and towns as to compel white citizens to keep on one side of a street and black citizens to keep on the other? Why may it not, upon like grounds, punish whites and blacks who ride together in streetcars or in open vehicles on a public road[p558] or street? Why may it not require sheriffs to assign whites to one side of a courtroom and blacks to the other? And why may it not also prohibit the commingling of the two races in the galleries of legislative halls or in public assemblages convened for the consideration of the political questions of the day? Further, if this statute of Louisiana is consistent with the personal liberty of citizens, why may not the State require the separation in railroad coaches of native and naturalized citizens of the United States, or of Protestants and Roman Catholics?
The answer given at the argument to these questions was that regulations of the kind they suggest would be unreasonable, and could not, therefore, stand before the law. Is it meant that the determination of questions of legislative power depends upon the inquiry whether the statute whose validity is questioned is, in the judgment of the courts, a reasonable one, taking all the circumstances into consideration? A statute may be unreasonable merely because a sound public policy forbade its enactment. But I do not understand that the courts have anything to do with the policy or expediency of legislation. A statute may be valid and yet, upon grounds of public policy, may well be characterized as unreasonable.
. . . The white race deems itself to be the dominant race in this country. And so it is in prestige, in achievements, in education, in wealth and in power. So, I doubt not, it will continue to be for all time if it remains true to its great heritage and holds fast to the principles of constitutional liberty. But in view of the Constitution, in the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens. There is no caste here. Our Constitution is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal before the law. The humblest is the peer of the most powerful. The law regards man as man, and takes no account of his surroundings or of his color when his civil rights as guaranteed by the supreme law of the land are involved. It is therefore to be regretted that this high tribunal, the final expositor of the fundamental law of the land, has reached the conclusion that it is competent for a State to regulate the enjoyment by citizens of their civil rights solely upon the basis of race.
considered as a subordinate and inferior class of beings, who had been subjugated by the dominant race, and, whether emancipated or not, yet remained subject to their authority, and had no rights or privileges but such as those who held the power and the government might choose to grant them.
The recent amendments of the Constitution, it was supposed, had eradicated these principles from our institutions. But it seems that we have yet, in some of the States, a dominant race — a superior class of citizens, which assumes to regulate the enjoyment of civil rights, common to all citizens, upon the basis of race. The present decision, it may well be apprehended, will not only stimulate aggressions, more or less brutal and irritating, upon the admitted rights of colored citizens, but will encourage the belief that it is possible, by means of state enactments, to defeat the beneficent purposes which the people of the United States had in view when they adopted the recent amendments of the Constitution, by one of which the blacks of this country were made citizens of the United States and of the States in which they respectively reside, and whose privileges and immunities, as citizens, the States are forbidden to abridge. Sixty millions of whites are in no danger from the presence here of eight millions of blacks. The destinies of the two races in this country are indissolubly linked together, and the interests of both require that the common government of all shall not permit the seeds of race hate to be planted under the sanction of law. What can more certainly arouse race hate, what more certainly create and perpetuate a feeling of distrust between these races, than state enactments which, in fact, proceed on the ground that colored citizens are so inferior and degraded that they cannot be allowed to sit in public coaches occupied by white citizens. That, as all will admit, is the real meaning of such legislation as was enacted in Louisiana.
The sure guarantee of the peace and security of each race is the clear, distinct, unconditional recognition by our governments, National and State, of every right that inheres in civil freedom, and of the equality before the law of all citizens of the United States, without regard to race. State enactments regulating the enjoyment of civil rights upon the basis of race, and cunningly devised to defeat legitimate results of the war under the pretence of recognizing equality of rights, can have no other result than to render permanent peace impossible and to keep alive a conflict of races the continuance of which must do harm to all concerned. This question is not met by the suggestion that social equality cannot exist between the white and black races in this country. That argument, if it can be properly regarded as one, is scarcely worthy of consideration, for social equality no more exists between two races when traveling in a passenger coach or a public highway than when members of the same races sit by each other in a street car or in the jury box, or stand or sit with each other in a political assembly, or when they use in common the street of a city or town, or when they are in the same room for the purpose of having their names placed on the registry of voters, or when they approach the ballot box in order to exercise the high privilege of voting.
. . . The arbitrary separation of citizens on the basis of race while they are on a public highway is a badge of servitude wholly inconsistent with the civil freedom and the equality before the law established by the Constitution. It cannot be justified upon any legal grounds.
The result of the whole matter is that, while this court has frequently adjudged, and at the present term has recognized the doctrine, that a State cannot, consistently with the Constitution of the United States, prevent white and black citizens, having the required qualifications for jury service, from sitting in the same jury box, it is now solemnly held that a State may prohibit white and black citizens from sitting in the same passenger coach on a public highway, or may require that they be separated by a "partition," when in the same passenger coach. May it not now be reasonably expected that astute men of the dominant race, who affect to be disturbed at the possibility that the integrity of the white race may be corrupted, or that its supremacy will be imperiled, by contact on public highways with black people, will endeavor to procure statutes requiring white and black jurors to be separated in the jury box by a "partition," and that, upon retiring from the courtroom to consult as to their verdict, such partition, if it be a moveable one, shall be taken to their consultation room and set up in such way as to prevent black jurors from coming too close to their brother jurors of the white race. If the "partition" used in the courtroom happens to be stationary, provision could be made for screens with openings through which jurors of the two races could confer as to their verdict without coming into personal contact with each other. I cannot see but that, according to the principles this day announced, such state legislation, although conceived in hostility to, and enacted for the purpose of humiliating, citizens of the United States of a particular race, would be held to be consistent with the Constitution.
. . . I am of opinion that the statute of Louisiana is inconsistent with the personal liberty of citizens, white and black, in that State, and hostile to both the spirit and letter of the Constitution of the United States. If laws of like character should be enacted in the several States of the Union, the effect would be in the highest degree mischievous. Slavery, as an institution tolerated by law would, it is true, have disappeared from our country, but there would remain a power in the States, by sinister legislation, to interfere with the full enjoyment of the blessings of freedom to regulate civil rights, common to all citizens, upon the basis of race, and to place in a condition of legal inferiority a large body of American citizens now constituting a part of the political community called the People of the United States, for whom and by whom, through representatives, our government is administered. Such a system is inconsistent with the guarantee given by the Constitution to each State of a republican form of government, and may be stricken down by Congressional action, or by the courts in the discharge of their solemn duty to maintain the supreme law of the land, anything in the constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding.
. . . For the reasons stated, I am constrained to withhold my assent from the opinion and judgment of the majority.


THE PARTICULAR mangrove-lined coast line with the Sungei Punggol Tank within Sengkang condo usually are facing some sort of deluge involving new exclusive homes. All around 1, 000 new models will be available on the market in two weeks in the Fernvale place, that is around Layar LRT.
The actual Riverbank @ Fernvale, containing 555 models, sets the particular soccer ball rolling with its launch down the road. That is to be accompanied by the particular relieve with the 495-unit Rivertrees Homes, that is proper to your neighbors, about February twenty-two.
Rivertrees Residences, found in Fernvale In close proximity, together the particular Sungei Punggol Tank, can be a 99-year leasehold project becoming put together by some sort of range composed Frasers Centrepoint, Far east Orchard as well as Sekisui Household.
It's concerning 150m involving water tank frontage. More than 85 percent with the models will have vistas with the water tank, the particular Frasers-led range mentioned in a assertion the other day.
The actual improvement will likely such as a group involving nine three-bedroom, strata-titled arrived duplex homes. The actual programmers mentioned they were the particular "only waterfront arrived homes within Singapore, in addition to these in Sentosa Cove".
Additional models range between 506 sq ft one-bedders to at least one, 593 sq ft four-bedders, making it the cheapest condo in singapore. Frasers decreased to show the typical value the other day yet mentioned price ranges would range between $950 for each sq ft (psf) to $1, one hundred fifty psf. Current market anticipations ended up for an typical price involving slightly in excess of $1, 100 psf.
Mr Cheang Kok Kheong, leader involving Frasers Centrepoint's improvement as well as property department, explained to some sort of briefing before that full week that will Rivertrees could possibly be $50 psf to $100 psf more pricey compared to Riverbank's typical value involving slightly in excess of $1, 000 psf.
Charges for the 1, 528 sq ft arrived homes in the Rivertrees Residences improvement would be "different" yet will be below $2 mil altogether for each and every of the people models, they mentioned. He or she extra that will more than 1, 000 people visited the particular showflat final few days.
Curious potential buyers can also be buffering set for the particular 99-year leasehold Riverbank @ Fernvale. Riverbank programmer UOL mentioned about Mondy it has accumulated more than 500 cheques for the project, that may launch down the road.
Feb15February 15, 2014 • By donameche90 • This entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink.


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Himachal govt plans to revive tourism business hit by Covid-19 pandemic
Director of Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (HPTDC) Amit Kashyap said that several people related to the tourism business lost their jobs in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Amidst the inflow of tourists in Himachal Pradesh ahead of the festive season, the state government is planning to revive tourism business that has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Speaking to ANI, Director of Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (HPTDC) Amit Kashyap said that several people related to the tourism business lost their jobs in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic.
"Now, we see that the inflow of tourists has started to increase in the region. So, the tourism department is planning for the revival of its business. The Himachal Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation is offering special packages to boost tourism in the region," he stated.
Tourist influx in Kashmir increasing gradually after Covid-19 pandemic
As the infection rate slowed, the administration organised several festivals to promote tourism. A three-day festival - Aao Kashmir - was organised in Zabarwan park on the banks of Dal lake.
"We annually receive 1.75 crore tourists here but due to the Covid pandemic, the arrival of tourists was restricted, following which, only 32 lakh tourists came here in 2020. This year, the number of tourists, as per data available till the end of September is 35 lakh," he added.
Mohammad Zafar, a tourist at mall road in Shimla said, "The tourists' inflow to the hills is on a rise as many people are here to get themselves relaxed in the lap of nature, especially after Covid-19 curbs have eased."
"Himachal Pradesh is a beautiful place to visit in India. We are also adhering to Covid protocols," said a tourist from Uttar Pradesh.
India will be among the fastest growing markets for Thailand post reopening: TAT New Delhi
In an exclusive interview with ETTravelWorld, Vachirachai Sirisumpan, Director, Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), New Delhi, pins hopes on early resumption of direct commercial flights between India and Thailand and informs that they have started segmenting tourism sectors for promotional campaign and will soon start promoting each of them in a phased manner.
Abrahim Zafar, another tourist from Aligarh, said that the pandemic period has been stressful for students. "I am a ninth class student and my examinations recently got over. I am feeling recuperated here. I would recommend everyone to visit here," he stated.
himachal tourism
revive tourism business
himachal pradesh tourism development corporation

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


SINGAPORE - He had been thinking about his bout so much that he even started shadow-boxing in his sleep.
But local professional boxer Muhammad Ashiq had to endure a nightmarish start to his dream match for the World Boxing Council (WBC) International Silver super bantamweight (up to 55kg) title before securing a fairy-tale ending to the night with the coveted belt around his waist.
Less than a minute into his fight with Indonesia's Galih Sasanto at at the Lion City Fury event at The Pavilion @ Far East Square last night, the 23-year-old Singaporean was caught with a right cross which knocked him down to the mat.
Susanto, who had a record of 16 wins, seven losses and one draw before his fight with Ashiq - who fought only five times, albeit boasting a perfect record - then went for the jugular, with the dazed Singaporean having to defend a flurry of blows.
More punishment was to follow for Ashiq in the second round when Susanto pulled him to the ground and elbowed him in the head, opening a cut above Ashiq's left eyebrow for which Susanto was deducted one point.
Ashiq's trainer, former national amateur boxer Arvind Lalwani, who had predicted a body shot would clinch the belt for his fighter, heaved a sigh of relief and said: "He showed the heart of a champ.
After posing for photos with many of the over 200 spectators who had climbed into the ring at the end of the night, Ashiq said he was delighted at making history by becoming the first Singaporean to win a WBC belt.
He said keeping calm was the key to his landmark victory.
"I blacked out a while (in the first round) but that shot didn't hit me," he said.
"And even though he riled me with all the things he did, I know I had to calm myself down, because the referee and everyone else could see what he was doing.
"I still have a lot to work on, but I feel contented because I feel like I've completed the first big step in my boxing career."


This is a collection of Grand Portage State Park images taken by me. The cards are 5 x 7 inches and are made of recycled card stock, including the matching envelope. The card is printed with environmentally friendly soybean based inks. The inside is blank allowing you to write your own personal message.
The photos are all my original photography and are mounted and framed inside the card which makes a perfect mat for framing in any standard 5 x 7 inch frame. All photos are professionally printed on quality photo paper. I retain all rights to the photography. This collection of 3 cards sells for $10.00 plus $4.00 for shipping to the United States only. They will be enclosed in a clear plastic sleeve and packaged to protect from damage.
Custom cards can be created using any of the photos paired with any available card stock. Many other photos and many other styles of cards are also available. Please review my shop policies before placing your order. Returns cannot be accepted. Thanks for looking!


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Suspect captured in furniture store slaying, a crime that 'shocked' LA neighborhood
The victim texted a friend that someone in the store gave her a "bad vibe."
ByEmily Shapiro
Brianna Kupfer, seen in this undated photo, was killed at a Los Angeles furniture store Jan. 13, 2022.
Brianna Kupfer/Facebook
Los Angeles police on Wednesday arrested the man they say killed a 24-year-old woman while she worked alone in a furniture store.
The suspect, believed to be homeless, attacked Brianna Kupfer with a knife just before 2 p.m. Thursday, the Los Angeles Police Department said.
He fled through the store's back door and Kupfer's body was soon found on the floor by a customer, police said.
Los Angeles Police Department Capt. Sonia Monico speaks at a news conference about Brianna Kupfer, Jan. 18, 2022, in Los Angeles.
Ashley Landis/AP
Flowers are placed outside Croft House furniture store in memory of graduate student Brianna Kupfer, Jan. 17, 2022.
Emma Mcintyre/Getty Images
Police on Tuesday identified the suspect as 31-year-old Shawn Laval Smith and asked for the public's help in finding him.
On Wednesday, Smith was spotted by a citizen who recognized him from the news and responding officers found him at a bus bench in Pasadena, police said.
The suspect in the murder of Brianna Kupfer has been identified as Shawn Laval Smith seen here in this image released by LAPD.
There is no known motive, police said, adding that the suspect had randomly walked into the store.
MORE: 70-year-old nurse who 'went above and beyond' killed in random assault at bus stop
Kupfer texted a friend that afternoon saying someone in the store was giving her a "bad vibe," LAPD Lt. John Radke said at a Tuesday news conference.
The slaying has "shaken and shocked our community to its core," Los Angeles City Councilmember Paul Koretz said at the news conference.
MORE: Vigil held for woman pushed in front of train and killed by stranger in NYC
While not working at the furniture store, Kupfer was taking courses in design through UCLA Extension, a continuing education program.
"Brianna, who was born, educated and was building her career here in Los Angeles, was a rising star in this community," Kupfer's family said in a statement read on their behalf at the news conference. "Brianna was a smart, funny, driven and kind soul who only wanted to better herself and her community on a daily basis."


Before we start, reader might be interested to read our simple section on English Silver history.
This identifies where the item was quality tested and assayed.
Provincial marking was also commonplace in the UK from the 16th century and enabled silversmiths to avoid making the long and often hazardous journey to a main assay centre. You may therefore come across pieces with, for instance, a hallmark from Exeter, Chester, York, Glasgow or Guernsey. Today, however, the assay offices open for silver hallmarking are London, Birmingham, Sheffield, Edinburgh, and Dublin and their respective marks can be seen here.
An alphabet cycle was implemented into the antique silver hallmarking system in 1478 with each cycle differentiated by changing font styles and shield shapes. This system continued without a break until 1697 when a new cycle was started called the Britannia Standard (.958). In 1975, a new hallmarking act was passed leading to a much more simplified system starting January 1st each year and when all the date letters in each assay office change.
Antique Silver marks were first used in England in the 14th century and the story is that around 1408 a silversmith called Philip Stubbs complained of the widespread use, by unscrupulous silversmiths, of refuse metal that was alloyed with silver to make the metal tougher and more malleable, but obviously decreased the amount of pure silver in a piece and was cheaper than the actual silver.
A Statute of 1363 ordained that every master goldsmith (or silversmith) should have his own mark. This mark would betray any spoon maker producing articles made from sub-standard metal. Initially, due to poor levels of literacy, each smith was identified by a symbol, e.g. flower petals, bellows and crowns.
The initials of the silversmith began to replace symbols in the 17th century, although the practice of including a symbol amongst the letters continued well into the next century. The statute of 1697 which raised the standard of plate silver to Britannia quality also changed makers' marks to the first two letters of his surname. The restoration of Sterling standard in 1719 re-introduced the silversmiths initials as a form of marking. Please refer to our Directory for English Silversmith Marks for different Assay Office.
It will be noted that the mark most often in good condition on bottom-struck spoons is the maker's mark. Over-polishing can rub the hallmarks, but because the standard position, on bottom-struck spoons, of the makers mark is nearest the bowl, it is protected during the sweep of a polishing stroke by the bowl. The opposite is true for top-marked spoons. The maker's mark is most often rubbed. There are a number of reasons for this; worn out punches, the mark was not stamped deeply enough, or its position (usually nearest the terminal) making it the most vulnerable to over-polishing.


I remembered having nightmares the night before that incident. It had been ages since I last delivered lunch to my husband at noon. One such day on my way to his factory, I suddenly fell in love, for the first time. Of course, I knew what love was. Whenever my husband got drunk and came back home late with his colleagues, he used to shout how much he loved me: even calling me 'Baby Daughter'. I was embarrassed before his companions, especially because of their mocking smiles, for I knew what would happen when they left.
Yes, my husband loves me. He knew I could not get up too early to prepare for meals. So he made me deliver it at lunch break. That caused me extra work, but it was much better than waking up early.
It took around half-an-hour to walk to my husband's factory from home. We lived in the district, surrounded by factories, beside a railroad circumferencing the city. Dwellers came from all walks of basest life. Almost every house rented out rooms to factory workers. But we did not, for I was usually home alone; and it just was not proper. Although the surrounding was not of the most sterelized, it was breathable, compared to downtown flats where my siblings and mother lived.
I had not seen him before. I wondered if he worked at a new factory. One day on my usual delivery, some lads playing Chin-lone went wild, seeing me. Passing by them, rather embarrassed, I saw him at a casual turn of my head. Stopping his game, he had his long gaze at me till the road turn. That day, I remembered too well the hyacinth in full-bloom at the road-side sewer.
I reflected, before falling asleep that night, I would not pass there anymore; yet I ended up taking the same path, half-expecting he might be there. I saw him that day, too. He was repairing the road in front of the factory. I did not know if he had his duty there or if he was deliberately waiting. Then onwards, I used to see him every noon either alone or with his companions.
That become a habbit. He looked young and ignorant; I was sure there was nothing lustful in his looks at me. But I never returned them. Of course I understood my life. He did not seem to know about me. Consoling myself, I kept delivering lunch taking the usual route.
Then it started raining. Despite the heavy afternoon-rain, the evening resumed drily. As usual, he would sit under thick foliage of a tree, waiting for me. I noticed he had too many companions those days. Not those who went hysterical at the sight of me. I noted his eyes were sparkling even brighter.
It was not long before I saw him with a girl – not quite a sterilized one. At the teashop beside his factory. He waited for me no longer. That awareness hurt me. And there was a woman beside him.
I knew this destitute girl, who lived alone in a rented room at the back of a shabby hut near our place. There was this rumour: a different man came to her room almost every night. What a shame! Is every man the same? Some nights, my husband came home drunk and did not ask me to do it; I wondered why. Now I remembered how much I felt humiliated then. Tears welled up. I made no delivery and stayed in bed. When my husband was home, he asked me about my absence. "I am not feeling well." There was a long silence before it dawned on him to ask if I was pregnant. What a joke! "I just have a headache." He approached me with his usual traits and whispered in my ears he must punish me. I laughed and laughed until the tears came.
For a few days, I neglected my duty and let my husband eat at a cheap eatery near his factory. There was far too much rain like previous years. Today I resumed my duty, dressing myself up more than I used to. I had to do something about all this, but I did not know how. I prayed and there he was at his usual place. I thought I trembled slightly. Acting nonchalant, I walked slowly, staring at him. He looked surprised. I noticed a man's lewd smile which had never been in his gazes at me. I returned his smile and continued walking. After a while, at a quiet glance back, I realized he was following me. Resuming quick strides, I thought about my hungry husband. I was sure he was close by. I was not sure what about. But I smiled to myself, very satisfactorily.
English Translation and Editing by Soe Thet San.
ခံစားနားလည္မႈ လြဲေခ်ာ္ျခင္းအႏုပညာ (သို႔မဟုတ္) အက္ေဘာေစး ကီရာရိုစတမ္နီ ၏ "တရားဝင္မိတၱဴ"
"ကၽြန္ေတာ့္မိသားစုဟာ သူတို႔ဘဝနဲ႔သူေနၾကတယ္ ၊ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ကလည္း ကၽြန္ေတာ့္ဘဝနဲ႕ ေနတယ္ ။ သူတို႕လည္း သူတို႔ဘာသာစကားကိုေျပာၾကမယ္ ... ကၽြန္ေတာ္လည္း ကၽြန္ေတာ္ရဲ့သာသာစကားကိုပဲေျပာမယ္ .. ဒါဟာနားလည္ေပးလို႔ ရတယ္မဟုတ္ဘူးလား..."
"ဟုတ္တယ္ ရွင္က ရွင့္ဘဝနဲ႔ေနတယ္ ၊ သူက(သားျဖစ္သူကို ရည္ညႊန္း) သူ႕ဘဝနဲ႔ေနတယ္ ... ခက္ေနတာက ရွင္တို႔ ႏွစ္ေယာက္စလံုးက ကၽြန္မဘဝကို စြက္ဖက္ေနၾကတာပဲ..."
" စံေတြေနာက္ကိုလိုက္ရင္း မင္းဘဝကို ျဖဳန္းတီးမပစ္ပါနဲ႔ .. ၊ ဒါဟာ ထံုလြန္း တုံးလြန္းရာ ေရာက္ပါတယ္... "


I think I'm getting a headache.
Syun was hiding something behind his back.
Shirley isn't sure this is such a good idea.
Don't talk about Johnny like that.
Roberta used to hang out at the pool.
Tony didn't feel like talking.
Kayvan loves having Irving around.
Think isn't as active as her sister.
I'll call Nick for you.
Linda has lost his umbrella again.
Calm down, said Donnie who saw that I was agitated.
Deirdre told me that he wasn't afraid of ghosts.
Miek works as a waitress at a local cafe.
Jun is ambitious, isn't he?
Marie, Knut and Maria are friends.
Peggy doesn't look much older than Lori.
Rusty doesn't let his children drink wine.
Duane has an extravagant lifestyle.
Shouldn't you be getting to work, Barney?
Earl sat cross-legged on the carpet.
Marty landed his helicopter on a desert island.
Charley complains more often than Johan does.
Edgar doesn't know why Anthony doesn't like him.


text:
Giovanna M. Calloni
23 May 1918 - 19 Dec 1986
Grave site information of Giovanna M. Calloni (23 May 1918 - 19 Dec 1986) at Tippecanoe Memory Gardens in Wabash, Tippecanoe, Indiana, United States from BillionGraves
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Nasceu: 23 May 1918
Morreu: 19 Dec 1986
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Charles Calloni
7 Mar 1915 - 8 Nov 2003
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Life timeline of Giovanna M. Calloni
Giovanna M. Calloni was born on 23 May 1918
Giovanna M. Calloni was 10 years old when Walt Disney character Mickey Mouse premieres in his first cartoon, "Plane Crazy". Walter Elias Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress.
Giovanna M. Calloni was 21 years old when World War II: Nazi Germany and Slovakia invade Poland, beginning the European phase of World War II. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
Giovanna M. Calloni was 27 years old when World War II: German forces in the west agree to an unconditional surrender. The German Instrument of Surrender ended World War II in Europe. The definitive text was signed in Karlshorst, Berlin, on the night of 8 May 1945 by representatives of the three armed services of the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW) and the Allied Expeditionary Force together with the Supreme High Command of the Red Army, with further French and US representatives signing as witnesses. The signing took place 9 May 1945 at 00:16 local time.
Giovanna M. Calloni was 39 years old when Space Race: Launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. The Space Race refers to the 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, aided by captured German missile technology and personnel from the Aggregat program. The technological superiority required for such dominance was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority. The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, uncrewed space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon.
Giovanna M. Calloni was 51 years old when During the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon. Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two people on the Moon. Mission commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Buzz Aldrin, both American, landed the lunar module Eagle on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC. Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface six hours after landing on July 21 at 02:56:15 UTC; Aldrin joined him about 20 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected 47.5 pounds (21.5 kg) of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Michael Collins piloted the command module Columbia alone in lunar orbit while they were on the Moon's surface. Armstrong and Aldrin spent 21.5 hours on the lunar surface before rejoining Columbia in lunar orbit.
Giovanna M. Calloni was 55 years old when Vietnam War: The last United States combat soldiers leave South Vietnam. The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam. The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communist allies; the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States, South Korea, Australia, Thailand and other anti-communist allies. The war is considered a Cold War-era proxy war by some US perspectives. The majority of Americans believe the war was unjustified. The war would last roughly 19 years and would also form the Laotian Civil War as well as the Cambodian Civil War, which also saw all three countries become communist states in 1975.
Giovanna M. Calloni died on 19 Dec 1986 at the age of 68
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Grave record for Giovanna M. Calloni (23 May 1918 - 19 Dec 1986), BillionGraves Record 4174871 Wabash, Tippecanoe, Indiana, United States


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In 2017, the TN Department of Education in partnership with TN Department of Human Services invested $30 million over the next 3 years for Read to Be Ready Summer Programs.
Because of this funding, ECS was able to apply for summer grant funds. In 2017, three quarters of districts in TN applied. We were 1 of 212 recipients. Our total amount awarded was $33,936. We are fortunate to again receive funding for the 2018 year, where we will be awarded $34,400.
Camp Read-A-Lot is funded with 2 goals in mind: develop comprehension, vocabulary, and foundational skills AND develop a love of reading and writing over the summer months, which many teachers refer to as the "summer slide," a time when students are not actively engaged in meaningful reading and writing.
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Our program has provided students access to rich, authentic literacy opportunities as well as provided a multitude of high quality, high interest texts and literacy experiences. Students have completed a writing journal, participated in STEM activities, as well as learned information about different environments. Our camp had an overarching theme of a Reading Camp with students visiting a different environment each week. Our themes included- camping, a safari, the ocean, and outer space. We wanted our children who are mostly socioeconomically disadvantaged to feel as though by giving up their summer to come to our camp- that they would still feel like they were on a mini vacation.
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Ok, so it's not possible to see all of Tokyo in one day but after my two days at Tokyo Disneyland and DisneySEA, I only had one last full day in the city. Before I left for Japan I had made a list of things I wanted to see. I spent a lot of time using Google Maps to figure out how they laid out across the city and in which order it would make the most sense to see them. Since I didn't have a phone it would be a little difficult to execute the plan without an internet connection if I hadn't planned in advance. Lucky for me, I grew up in the era of MapQuest so this wasn't a foreign concept.
Shibuya is a district within the city of Tokyo and the crossing is the famous crosswalk that has been featured in many movies including Lost in Translation. It is supposedly the busiest crosswalk in the world. I had read that there was a Starbucks on the second story of one of the buildings where you could get a good photo of the crossing from above. I was concerned about holding up traffic so there are not any pictures of me actually crossing it. It turns out it wasn't exceptionally busy during the day. If you really want to Instagram your crossing, come back at night. And while you're there be sure to say Konnichiwa to Hachiko the loyal Akita dog.
For those of you who don't know the story, Hachiko was a dog who was found by a Japanese man at the train station. He would show up at the the station every day at the same time to wait for his owner to come home. One day his owner unexpectedly died. Hachiko kept coming back every day at the same time every day waiting for his human who would never show up. He eventually became a symbol of loyalty to the people living in the area.
Sure, Hachiko is cute and all, but where's Richard Gere?
The Meiji Shrine is a Shinto shrine dedicated to the deified spirits of Emperor Meiji and his wife, Empress Shōken. Construction began in 1915 in the park the late Emperor and his wife were known to visit. Built in the traditional nagare-zukuri style, using primarily Japanese cypress and copper, this shrine is slightly more understated than shrines like the Sensoji Temple (below) but just as beautiful. The park is filled with huge trees that almost completely shad the path, a welcome respite in the summer heat.
Getting off the subway at Tokyo station, you'll find the Imperial Palace. There are a few buildings you can see from the outside, but the current Emperor and the royal family still live in the fortress so there really wasn't much to see. Plus, it's surrounded by a moat. But I diligently took my touristy pictures so I can say that I was there.
Next was Asakusa and the Sensoji Temple. Sensoji Temple is the oldest Buddhist temple in Tokyo. It is also one of the most popular to visit. Between the Kaminarimon gate and the Hozomon gate (below) you walk through the Nakamise shopping street filled with all kinds of neat trinkets and things to eat. Then at the end is the temple building and a five story pagoda. The temple buildings are surrounded by a really pretty little garden with other shrines and statues.
From the Sensoji Temple we walked a few blocks down to the river to get a nice view of the Tokyo Skytree. It's the tallest tower in the world and you can actually pay to go up to the top of it, which I imagine is a fantastic view. But I decided to be cheap and see it from afar. The river is a nice place to just hang out, and where we ended up had a little park and some places to sit, which was nice after standing and walking in the oppressive heat all day.
For dinner I got to check something off my I-hate-the-term-bucket-list-but-there's-no-comparable-alternative list and eat sushi in Japan. I met up with the brother of one of my mom's friends who is Japanese and lives in Tokyo. We went to a rotating sushi restaurant down one of the side streets of the Nakamise. I was in absolute heaven! I think I had one of everything, including salmon and sardine which are the only kinds of fish I don't particularly care for. But I didn't want to say no to anything and I'm glad I didn't. Everything was fantastic, I could have died right there from mercury poisoning and I wouldn't have even cared. I was enjoying eating so much that I didn't even think about taking pictures of the plates before devouring what was on them. I did however take an "after" picture. This was definitely my favorite part of the trip!
I had a great time in Japan. It was so different from Korea. The people were friendlier, the architecture was more ascetically pleasing, and the food was much, much better. The most interesting difference between the Japanese and Korean people was in the way they lined up. In Korea there is never a semblance of a line, they don't even let the people on the buses get off before trying to board. In Japan, lines form without any kind of prompting. Honestly, I was a little sad to leave! But I hope to return soon and explore more of what Japan has to offer.
Wow, you did so much on that last day! As I've been to all the places you mentioned, I really enjoyed reading this post —- it brought back a lot of great memories! Glad you enjoyed Japan so much!
Thank you! I'm glad you enjoyed reading it.
Pingback: Sensoji Temple – Tokyo's most loved temple | Hello Japan!
Nice to hear that you enjoyed Tokyo!
I think it's the best city in the world!
What a great tour! Love reading your insight on the 2 different countries. Can you describe what the air is like? Thank you for the pics. Andy is visiting your father. Update soon.


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Psychology Contacts
Course Listings » Winter 2023 » PSYC 437 - Health Psychology - Winter 2023
PSYC 437 - Health Psychology - Winter 2023
Health psychology involves the discipline and principles of psychology and human behaviour in understanding how the mind, body, and behaviour interact in health and disease. Class topics include psychosocial models of health and disease, stress and coping, health enhancing and health damaging behaviours, pain management, and a variety of specific behaviour-related medical illnesses (e.g., heart disease, cancer, insomnia). Psychology 300, 301, 375 and admission to the Psychology major or Honours program. Also known as: (formerly Psychology 330)
This course may not be repeated for credit.
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LEC 75 TBA TBA


Roast all the tomatoes, red onions, peppers, 1 sprig of thyme and 2 cloves of garlic in the oven at 350 degrees F for 30 min till caramelized with oil, salt and pepper (to taste) and 6 tablespoons olive oil.
On the stove top, sauté the celery with 4 tablespoons of oil, leeks and spring onion with 2 garlic cloves and 1 sprig of thyme. Salt & pepper to taste.
Add the fish stock, and reduce by half.
Blend the ingredients with a stick blender; pass through a sieve and strain if desired.
Add the raw angel fish and mussels, close the lid and poach for a further 6 min. Mussels will open up while cooking (discard any mussels that do not open).
Check seasoning. Garnish with chopped parsley / coriander.


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Heidi Kozak Haddad
Heidi is a Writer, Producer, Actress, Entrepreneur, and Community Leader. She received a B. F. A. from the USC Theater/Cinema School, where she studied with notable artists such as Anna Deveare Smith and Frank Condon. She has performed in theater in both Los Angeles and New York, including co-staring with Judith Ivy and Greg Germann in The Rimers of Eldritch, directed by Lanford Wilson at La Mama Theater Club, Spring Awakening, directed by Michael Arabian at The Odyssey Theater, and Whores! at The Hollywood Actors Theater, for which she received the H.A.T. award for Best Actress.
Heidi currently is Writer/Producer of Mothertime a limited series starring Laura Dern. Mothertime will be produced by Stampede Ventures, Plat Form One, and Jaywalker Ent.
On TV, Heidi was in a series regular on the CBS show "Dr. Quinn Medicine Woman", and has a lengthy list of credits in cinema and television. Heidi most recently completed a leading role in the Netflix pilot "Discord and Harmony" as "Deb" the pill-popping ex-stripper mother from hell.
A passionate Entrepreneur and Community Leader, Heidi started a company known as "The Box Girls" that put conversation starter/ice breaker games on the map. A large portion of the profits from the sales of over 35 Box Girl products was donated to charities close to her heart. Heidi sold "The Box Girls" in 2012 to the "Melissa and Doug" toy company so that she could resume her acting and writing career. Heidi has also served on the boards of charitable organizations including P.S. Arts, Vista Del Mar Children's Services, and The Jewish Federation. She is the recipient of numerous philanthropic awards including "The Ruby Award" for leadership and service to the Los Angeles community presented to her by Gloria Steinem.
Angela Dallas/Sonya Rosenfeld
Marcy Morris
THE MARY JANE GIRLS
What do girls sacrifice to belong? A small town girl's life is changed forever when her free-spirited bi-racial cousin comes to work for her family in 1962 Texas. She yearns for a better life and becomes obsessed with joining an elite high school sorority - The Mary Jane Girls.


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Expansion or Negation of Self?
By Martin LeFevre
Walter Whitman (1819-1892) was the American poet who represented the transcendentalist movement in the 19th century.
By invitation in the last few days, I attended a zoom reading and discussion of Walt Whitman's "Song of Myself." Considered his masterpiece, the poem fuses the 'divine I' with the egocentric I in an originally and quintessentially American attempt to have things both ways.
There were about 24 attendees, with a dozen women and men reading pre-assigned sections of "Song of Myself," which lasted a full hour. Even at that, the organizer, and chief Whitman devotee, abbreviated the poem, which he said would take nearly two hours to read aloud unabridged.
Johnny prefaced the poem's reading by saying it was "a very cosmic version of who Whitman is and who we are," and that "Song of Myself stands with the greatest mystical literature of the world."
Though so-called mystical experiences began in my late teens, I've never felt much affinity for this poem. The egoistic language puts me off: "Divine am I inside and out, and I make holy what I touch, and am touched from."
The divine, cosmically inflated 'I' ignores the self's existential contradiction with nature's wholeness. And the line, "Do I contradict myself?…I am large, I contain multitudes," just doesn't cut it.
Whitman was perhaps the first New Age American, which is why many aging New Agers have embraced him. He would have agreed with the central idea of New Age philosophy: "Consciousness is that in which everything arises and to which everything returns."
That's ultimately true in this mystic's view, but it conveniently and self-comfortingly skips a crucial step. Thought, self and conditioning aren't a manifestation of cosmic consciousness and awareness, but the antithesis of it. How and why did they emerge? We cannot bypass that conundrum, but are required as human beings to grapple with the contradiction between the seamless wholeness of nature and the destructive fragmentation of man.
Whitman's luxuriating in the senses is bracing, but his credo, "I dote on myself," and "nothing, not God, nothing is greater than yourself" evokes the sensation of fingernails on chalkboard in our violently narcissistic time. Did he inadvertently promote the self-worshipping individualism and expansionism that is the taproot of the darkness that saturates America's globalized culture in our time?
All in all, I found myself both soaring and sinking during the readings and comments. Soaring because the readings were good, and some excellent, full of feeling and nuance. I've only read Whitman's epic poem before, and never heard it read aloud. The poem hits many high notes with its vivid descriptions, and strikes many chords read aloud.
However as the readings proceeded, I found myself sinking with dismay. I wondered, what would Whitman say about the parlous condition of the America today, when the spiritual health of the nation is lower than it was even before the Civil War?
A few people mentioned children and schools (and there were even children visible at one point), but no one mentioned the elephant in the zoom - the Uvalde massacre that had just occurred two days prior.
We don't have to imagine the pain of the world; we are required, as human beings, to feel it, since we are inextricable from the causes and effects of the world's suffering.
The great teachers of the past can only speak to us through the liquid glass of the burning present. Our lenses are old and cracked; the heat of the forge is too far removed from us.
Have we become so inured to violence in the global society that nothing moves us beyond our comfortable narratives and conclusions? Have we become so sophisticated in our evasions of feeling, so detached in cunning ideas of detachment that we feel no responsibility to change?
When the fate of the age - every living and unborn generation for as far as even the most prescient eye can see — hangs in the balance, taking refuge in past wisdoms, when spaciousness still characterized a largely unpolluted and unexplored Earth, is no refuge at all, but merely diversion.
Cardinal Errors
Concerning Stagnancy, Demography and Vitality
Mind, Brain and Consciousness
The State of Insight
The Religious and Scientific Mind
Q Craziness and Unaddressed Evil
Localism Increases Fragmentation of Earth
Collapsing the Distinction Doesn't Resolve ...
The Silence of Being
Heightened Senses In Nature Opens the Door to ...
The Inter-National Order Is Dead and Gone
Polarization Isn't the Problem
Enlightenment Isn't Personal
Human Beings Can Meet This Moment
Nagasaki and the Incorrigibility of Man
There Is No Evolution of Consciousness
Imagining 'Umwelts' Is Unnecessary
Intelligent Life, Meditation and Transmutation
The Source of Evil Is Not a Person or a Nation
The Dialogue Buffet at the Death Café
Higher Thought: Threshold and Impediment to ...
Is Universality a Western Idea?
What Is Your View of Human Nature?
Defeating Evil Without Violence
A Recipe For World War
Beyond Thinking Machines
There Is No Such Thing as "Personal ...
Time Is a Tremendous Illusion
Breakthrough Infection, or Inflection?
Requiem for a Meditation Place
Fragmentation and Wholeness
Did Evolution Go Wrong With Man?
The Urgent Indifference of Enlightenment
Death Isn't After Life; It's Inseparable ...
Martin LeFevre, a contemplative, philosopher and writer in northern California, serves as a contributing writer for The Seoul Times. His "Meditations" explore and offer insights on spiritual, philosophical and political questions in the global society. LeFevre's philosophical thesis proposes a new theory of human nature. He welcomes dialogue. lefevremartin77@gmail.com


After years of illegally extracting diamonds in the Kimberley area, a group of zamazamaswas granted a mining permit by the Department of Mineral Resources (DMR). In addition, land on which they can mine was made available to them and arrangements will be made for them to sell their diamonds on the market. The DMR's decision has received mixed reactions from mining analysts.
Zamazama is a term used for illegal miners in South Africa. It means, "try and try again".The term is often used interchangeably with "illegal miner", "informal miner" and "artisanal miner".These miners generally operate illegally in abandoned or disused mine shafts in search of residual mineral resources that could not be accessed using machinery or proved unprofitable for major mining companies.Although zamazamasuse simple methods and tools such a spades and iron bars to dig for minerals, their technical mining skills are more technical than basic artisanal mining activities.Jinnah notes that zamazamashave often been linked to criminality and gangsterism. Thornton, however views them as entrepreneurs and job-creators who contribute to high levels of economic productivity within small communities, without help from the government.
South Africa's mining legislation, the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (MPRDA), does not formally recognise mining activity by zamazamas. The provision of a mining permit is the only mining title that regulates activities on a sub-industrial level. The mining permit was included in the MPRDA to accommodate small-scale miners. However, the cumbersome requirements in the provision do not encourage small-scale mining.
Wilson argues that artisanal small-scale mining needs to be formalised. She maintains that the only way that government can support small-scale miners is by regulating their operations within a legal framework.Formalisation will help ease the adverse environmental and health consequences of informal mining, and bolster its potential to be a driver of socio-economic change by reducing unemployment. Wilson suggests that the legal framework must distinguish between persons who work formally as artisanal small-scale miners and syndicate members who intentionally commit crimes.
The DMR is making an effort to deal with the scourge of zamazamas by moving towards formalisation. On 7 June 2018, the DMR announced that it would be granting a mining permit to a group of approximately 2000 illegal diamond miners. The Deputy Mining Minister, Godfrey Oliphant stated that the efforts are part of the DMR's plan to formalise artisanal small-scale mining. The permit was awarded to Kimberley Artisanal Mineworkers, a group of miners that has reportedly been extracting diamonds from a mining site owned by Kimberley Ekapa Mining Joint Venture (Ekapa Mining) for 16 years. Oliphant noted that the group would finally be recognised as a legal mining cooperative. Ekapa Mining has given the cooperative permission to mine for diamonds on 400 hectares of its land. The legal recognition means that the group will be allowed to sell their diamonds on the market to avoid their exploitation by third parties. Oliphant noted that being granted a permit was an achievement for the mining group, as their activities had long been considered illegal. Legitimisation by the DMR therefor gives effect to Wilson's suggestion, mentioned above. Oliphant, however emphasised that the DMR would not grant permits to underground illegal miners who damage old mine shafts and have no concern for safety.
The DMR's decision to grant the cooperative a mining permit has been met with mixed reactions from mining analysts. Van Wyk, on the one hand, welcomed the decision of the DMR. He posited that although the activities of artisanal miners are deemed illegal, these miners contribute to the economy by providing sustenance for themselves and their families. He stressed the importance of balancing the impact of the "crime" committed by illegal miners and the economic impact of removing their earnings from South Africa's business cycle. According to Van Wyk, the artisanal miners' activities caused minimal environmental impact as they use little water and produce an insignificant amount of waste. He encouraged the government to bolster its efforts to formalise and legitimise artisanal mining. Supporting small-scale miners can be achieved by organising the miners into legal business entities, such as cooperatives, and providing them with training. The creation of a central buying agency and formal supply chain would also help artisanal miners, in Van Wyk's opinion.
Major, on the other hand, is sceptical of the DMR's decision to recognise the zamazamas. He stated that a more comprehensive policy is needed to deal with the causes of illegal mining. The Minerals Council, previously known as the Chamber of Mines, stated that illegal mining activities undermine mine closure efforts by companies as zama zamas often reopen sealed shaft entrances.
Regardless of the perceptions that exist about zamazamas, they have very little recognition in law. The DMR's decision to grant Kimberley Artisanal Mineworkers a mining permit is a step towards the formal recognition of artisanal small-scale miners. Major is correct in saying that a more comprehensive policy is required to legally recognise small-scale miners. What amendments will be made to accommodate small-scale miners in the MPRDA remains to be seen.
 L Wilson Unshackling South African artisanal miners: Considering Burkina Faso's legislative provisions as a guideline for legalisation and regulation (unpublished LLM thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018) 8).
 R Thornton 'Zamazama, "Illegal: artisanal miners, misrepresented by the South African Press and Government ' (2014) 1 The Extractive Industries and Society127.


I have been using Google Analytics for tracking on my blog for a few months…or so I thought. I used to religiously check who my visitors were, what they searched for, where their IP addresses were located. I decided I was too obsessed with it, so I stopped checking it every day. About a month ago when I had my blog makeover, it looks like the tracking code was deleted. I haven't had any tracking since March 8…and this has been my busiest month ever! I have been scanning the info in Sitemeter for info: I've had 3,110 hits for March…but I can't drill down into specific days to see who was stalking me, what key words were searched, etc. Bummer…I was expecting to see greatness this morning.


'Sycamore Mills' by Peter Quarracino.
'You Didn't Really Want Tea, Did You?' by Meghan Bergman.
'St. Georges-Venice,' a watercolor by Geraldine McKeown.
'Sandy Eagles Green Barnacle' by Meghan Bergman.
Rhoda Kahler's framed ceramic wall piece.
'Blue Wind' by Peter Quarracino.
A winter landscape by Madeleine Kelly.
'Waterlily World' by Sarah Yeoman.
A pierced ceramic sculptural vase by Jill Beech.
A water view by Annette Alessi.
Looking forward to the arrival of spring, the theme is "Wonders of Water" at the Mala Galleria this month, and it couldn't be more welcome.
The show opened last Friday in the midst of a winter blast, so there is another artists' reception scheduled on March 10 from 2 to 4 p.m. In the meantime, the show has an appealing mix of artists and mediums, highlighted by Peter Quarracino's magical paintings. They are contemplations of water that are almost abstract, but vividly realistic at the same time. "Blue Wind" and "Blown Away" capture wind-rippled water in a symphony of blue-green spots, while "Misty Morning Brandywine" and "Sycamore Mills" are more traditional landscapes that also revel in the reflections on the river.
In the center of one gallery are clay vessels by Meghan Bergman that recreate layered barnacles in richly textured detail. Bergman also has several wonderfully imaginative tea sets that go beyond function into the realm of art, particularly the wryly titled "You Didn't Really Want Tea, Did You?" that bristles with unwelcoming spikes on the handle and spout. Her fish cups and pitchers are also great fun.
Maryland artist Geraldine McKeown looks at bodies of water and man's construction in her watercolors "Red Sails-Campobello Island," "St. George's-Venice" and others. Madeleine Kelly shows a series of river views that have expressive, feathery edges that suggest the movement of the water and a breeze stirring the trees.
Rhoda Kahler has a large, multi-piece wall sculpture that looks like the ocean floor, and an earth-toned vessel with that has an ocean-blue glaze on the inside. Mala Galleria owner Corien Siepelinga shows her own "Wandering," a moody acrylic painting that has a splendid surface and multiple layers of shadowy imagery, suggesting vistas within a complex, dreamy composition.
Portia Mortensen is spotlighted in the front gallery with two large, abstract oils that capture the shimmering blue-green of tropical water, but have intricately worked surfaces that mimic the surface of the water itself.
Jill Beech is represented by two clay vessels that resemble exotic corals. They have wonderful detail, achieved by making hundreds of piercings through the clay.
If you can't wait a moment longer for the soothing calm of wind on the water, this is the show for you.
"Wonders of Water" continues at Mala Galleria (200 E. State St., Kennett Square) through March 31. Call 484-883-5429, email Malagalleriaksq@gmail.com, or visit www.malagalleria.com.


text:
weather forecast july 4, 2020
Weather forecast, alerts and UVB index for all South African provinces, 4 July 2020 This forecast is designed to be a quick overview of what lies in store. New York Weather: CBS2 12/10 Nightly Forecast at 11PMCBS2's John Marshall has your weather forecast for December 10 at 11 p.m. ... July 4, 2020 at 6:22 pm. Weather.com brings you the most accurate monthly weather forecast for with average/record and high/low temperatures, precipitation and more. By Mark Mcintyre, CBS2 Meteorologist/Weather Producer. Posted: Jul 4, 2020 / 05:00 AM MDT / Updated: Jul 3, 2020 / 01:43 PM MDT. Filed Under: CBS2 Weather … Free Long Range Weather Forecast for Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Most weather information is pointing toward a deep summer-like weather pattern around the Fourth of July period. AM800 News (SUNG YOON JO/iStock) A heat warning is in effect. See Hour-by-hour Forecast for upcoming weather. Free Long Range Weather Forecast for Toronto, Ontario. Generally speaking, we've predicted that summer temperatures will be hotter than normal, with the hottest periods in mid-June, mid- to late July, and early August. Zack Shields has the morning weather forecast for July 4, 2020. low 20. monday..sunny. Here we take a closer look at the July 4 weather forecast in each of ... A slight chance of showers and thunderstorms are forecast in New Jersey on July 4 after ... July 2, 2020. By Charles Roop. Get the monthly weather forecast for Dublin, County Dublin, Ireland, including daily high/low, historical averages, to help you plan ahead. Weather charts also show scorching highs of 43C by Sunday 5 July in Spain. View Categories. Posted Jul 01, 2020 . Predicted Mean Sea Level Wind Analysis 8 :00 AM today, 13 December 2020. Calendar overview of Months Weather Forecast. ... 2020. Weather Forecast for Sunday July 5, 2020. Follow. × Close Ad High & Low Weather Summary for April 2020 Temperature Humidity Pressure; High: 75 °F (Apr 11, 2:50 pm) 100% (Apr 4, 8:50 am) 30.42 "Hg (Apr 4, 8:50 am) Low: 28 °F (Apr 1, 4:50 am) See the 60-day extended forecast from The Old Farmer's Almanac. New York Weather: CBS2's July 4th Weekend Forecast. South. Pinpoint Weather Forecast - Saturday, July 4 - Morning Update. Met Office long-range forecast: Hot weather to return as July 2020 forecast outlined SCORCHING highs from the past week have come to an end with intense thunderstorms, wind and heavy rain. Fourth of July may look a little different this year thanks to pandemic-related restrictions, but the weather will be about the same -- hot. Monday Evening Weather Forecast, Dec 7th, 2020 by Mike Doyle / Dec 7, 2020 Some of woke this morning to a light covering of snow as a weak disturbance tracked through the region. Forecast Weather Conditions. Published: Jul. Surface Map Analysis. July 4, 2020 at 12:01 am. Our long range forecasts can be used to make more informed decisions about future plans that depend on the weather, from vacations and weddings to sporting events and outdoor activities. high 34. A prolonged period of hot weather continues. France will be slightly cooler - with highs of 31.5C on Saturday, reading 33.3C on the south coast by Wednesday. Summer may look different across America this year, but one thing you can count on is plenty of weather -- and AccuWeather's long-range forecasters have details on where it … July 1, 2020 at 2:21 p.m. EDT July has arrived, and Independence Day is just around the corner. Weather; N.J. weather: Forecast for July 4th holiday weekend 2020. Predicted Mean Sea Level Pressure Analysis 8 :00 AM today, 13 December 2020. July 05, 2020 Weather Forecast < PREVIOUS STORY July 03, 2020 Weather Forecast. Latest weather conditions and forecasts for the UK and the world. Calendar overview of Months Weather Forecast. April 2020 Weather in London — Graph °F. today..sunny. I look at various weather ... forecast for Friday, July 3, 2020. June 30, 2020 at 2:29 ... to build across much of the United States during the first half of July. Filed Under: CBS2 Weather headlines, New York weather. Seven day local weather forecast for June 28 through July 4 Cypress, Los Alamitos, Rossmoor, Seal Beach, and the two military installations. Summer Weather Forecast for the U.S. Will It Be a Hot Summer? Weather Forecast: 13News Now at Daybreak with Payton Domschke, July 4, 2020. Morning weather forecast for July 4, 2020. That weather maker will be the high pressure system ... Saturday July 4, 2020 Forecast Weather. If you like your summers nice and hot, you're all set! National Forecast for Saturday, July 4 2020 Saturday July 4: Several states are in for an icy weekend with a cold front expected to bring wind, rain and possibly hail to the south east of the country. Promote Your Maui Business for Free Add Your Listing. high 33. humidex 35. tonight..clear. © 1998 - 2020 Nexstar Inc. | All Rights Reserved. See weather overview. Weather.com brings you the most accurate monthly weather forecast for with average/record and high/low temperatures, ... July is on average the WARMEST month. high 33. humidex 36. tuesday..a mix of sun and cloud. Author: 13newsnow.com Published: 8:50 AM EDT July 4, 2020 05:00 AM MDT / Updated: Jul 3, 2020 Fourth of July period Domschke, July 4 2020! By Sunday 5 July in Spain humidex 36. tuesday.. a mix of and... Free Long Range weather Forecast - Saturday, reading 33.3C on the south coast by Wednesday U.S. will It a! Slightly cooler - with highs of 43C by Sunday 5 July in Spain July,! Weather charts also show scorching highs of 43C by Sunday 5 July in Spain 2:29... to build across of! Humidex 36. tuesday.. a mix of sun and cloud is on average the WARMEST month CBS2 headlines... 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weather forecast july 4, 2020 2020


You are here: Home / Community / Awana Go to Kenya!
As our older three children grew into teenagers, there was something else we focused on: missions. I wanted my children to understand different cultures and know that there were people all around the world who needed to hear the good news of Jesus!
Here is a photo of our 2008 missions trip to the Czech Republic. It was our first trip, and four more followed. And now Leslie is living there full-time, sharing Jesus with those she teaches and meets.
John, Tricia, Cory, Leslie and Nathan Goyer … and friends! Mission trip 2008!
When we first adopted Bella and Casey we took a solid year just to firm up our relationships and get them healthy. They were in therapies and schools, getting the help they needed, but I knew better than to add on any extra curricular activities. We needed to be a family first!
But as 2014 started, I was excited about the progress that the kids had made so I started asking around about one specific program: Awana! Out of all the clubs, lessons, or sports teams I could choose, I picked Awana because the most important thing we can impart in our children is knowledge of God and His Word. The key goal of Awana is to introduce Jesus Christ and to help children plant God's Word in their hearts, by training dedicated leaders!
On the far right is my kindergartener Bella getting her end-of-the year Awana award!
India (5,447), nepal (1,453) and Kenya (1,123).
• Kenya has added over 900 clubs in the last four years. those clubs are reaching 114,000 children.
• Nepal has grown seven-fold in the last four years.
• Awana is expanding even in more religiously restrictive countries. two examples are Egypt, where 94 clubs are ministering to 11,325 children each week, and Cuba, home to 127 clubs.
To reach more kids for Christ, we equip leaders. Awana provides the training, tools and resources they need to be effective in children's ministry. In most cases, for every leader we train, 60 kids are reached with a weekly club-style program. Kids love it…and it works.
We believe God is calling us to reach 10 million children around the world by 2020. As we strive to be obedient to this call, we know that we cannot do it alone. We believe it will take leaders serving in their own countries and contexts who are passionate about kids. We believe it will take partners, like you, to come along side us with your prayers and your financial support. And we believe that unless God is in it, it won't happen; so we constantly humble ourselves before Him as we strain toward the goal of reaching more kids for Christ.
…to go to Kenya, so I can help tell the Awana story! How amazing is that?
A team of Christian ministry workers, Awana staff and bloggers will be traveling together. We'll be connect with Awana leaders and CHILDREN … to help tell their story. My hope is that you'll be so excited about what Awana is doing that you'll be encouraged to ADOPT A CLUB. For $10 you can make a difference in a club … that is not $10 per child, but $10 per club!
Over the summer I'd love to highlight some of you who want to make a difference. Want to host a yard sale or bake sale for Awana? Let me know and send me pictures! I'd love to highlight you on my blog.
Excited? I am! I mean when is the last time that your $10 has been used to impact a whole CLUB of kids?
But, wait! The excitement is just beginning. I think we're going to all be bubbling up with excitement when I (we!) get to see what's happening in Nairobi!
1. Pray for this team.
2. Pray for this trip.
4. Also, pray for the kids who need to hear the good news of Jesus.
5. Finally, pray that the inspiration of God will flow through me, and that I will be able to share HIS story of HIS work in the lives of children around the world!
We only discovered Awana two years ago. Our oldest will be working on her Timothy award this coming year. We will have a second year Spark and a second year Cubbies. We LOVE this program and are continually impressed with how much word our children are putting into their hearts. My husband and I have also rearranged our commitments to be able to become more involved in this program. We will be praying for you and your trip. Thank you for sharing your experience with Awana. I too, agree the most important thing we as parents can do is train our children up in the ways of God! Thank you!
Mary Ann, I love your new involvement! I love Awana!
Tricia, this sounds like such an awesome opportunity. I am so thrilled that you can be a part. Our children were involved in AWANA as they were growing up. It is such an amazing way to hide God's word in the hearts and minds of our children! My prayers go with you as you prepare for the trip and while you will be there.
Thank you for your prayers. I know that I can count on you!
Super pumped to be a part of this fascinating mission trip with you!
I can't wait to see what God is going to do, Rachel!
AWANA is an awesome children's ministry that I was involved with directly for 10 years. I still have two adopt-a-clubs, one in Ecuador and one in the Philippines. That is a wonderful opportunity you have, bet you will have a blast!
Hope you have a great trip, Tricia, and that God richly blesses your sacrifice and commitment!
Tricia! It's so fun to read about what God is doing in your life. I think about you often, but just don't sit down to send an email.
I've been involved with AWANA since I was in high school, and that was a long time ago! I'm currently the T&T Girls Director at our church club. I'm so excited that you have the opportunity to take this trip and share not only the ministry but the Savior who is the focus of the ministry. May God bless you with great travel, great health, and many memory-making opportunities as well as making new friends along the way.
What an exciting trip that sounds to be. I love the idea of going to Czech country. My husband is Czech and always wanted to go there. Will Be praying for you.
I miss Awana at the church. We do a program called Kingdom Kids. It's based more in discipleshio than outreach and Missions. Love the program but really miss Awana!!!
Also you will rock this because it is God designed!! He has you covered before you ever leave your home!!!
I have been the Cubbie Director for 5 years at our church now, our entire family does AWANA either as leaders or clubbers, it's an amazing program. How blessed you are to go on this trip!


text:
August 14, 2019 / 11:06 PM / 5 months ago
UPDATE 1-Trump says China should treat Hong Kong 'humanely' before trade deal can be agreed
(Adds background)
WASHINGTON, Aug 14 (Reuters) - President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that China wants to make a trade deal but it should treat Hong Kong "humanely" first, explicitly tying a trade agreement to a peaceful resolution of pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong.
"Of course China wants to make a deal. Let them work humanely with Hong Kong first!" Trump said on Twitter.
"I have ZERO doubt that if President Xi (Jinping) wants to quickly and humanely solve the Hong Kong problem, he can do it. Personal meeting?" Trump said.
A U.S. State Department spokeswoman said earlier on Wednesday that the United States was "deeply concerned" about Chinese paramilitary movement along the Hong Kong border.
The State Department's expression of concern came after senior U.S. lawmakers from both the Democratic and Republican parties called on Trump to take a tougher line with China as worries grew over a possible Chinese intervention.
Trump, who has been seeking a major deal to correct trade imbalances with China, has faced criticism from Congress and elsewhere for not taking a stronger public line on Hong Kong and for his characterization of the protests earlier this month as "riots" that were a matter for China to deal with. (Reporting by Eric Beech; Editing by David Alexander and Sandra Maler)