Cuts in state support to communities across Ohio have deepened, resulting in slashed services, closed facilities and layoffs. Our in-depth analysis provides county-level data on cuts as well as descriptions, from local sources, of the damage done.
The current state budget for 2012 and 2013 cut local government aid by a billion dollars. This is a big number, but what does it mean? It means cuts in services we depend on, from road repair and emergency services to crossing guards, senior transportation and child protective services. No community or special district escaped the ax: most were hit from many different directions.
The economy is improving but cuts are deepening in this the second year of the state budget. A 25 percent cut to Local Government Funds deepened to 50 percent at the start of the second year of this budget period. The loss of hundreds of million more looms as the estate tax, levied on just 8 percent of the wealthiest Ohio estates, is eliminated next year.
Policy Matters Ohio looked at the size and scope of cuts in each county and in many municipalities. We talked with city and county administrators, local elected officials and residents. Community-level data and examples of the local impact of state budget cuts for all 88 Ohio counties have been compiled into county-level fact sheets that describe the loss in state funding and the impact on cities, towns and services within each county. Because newspaper clips and quotes from local officials are used, this report is not just a presentation of charts and graphs -- it is an oral history. The insights of those interviewed add clarity and depth to a description of hard times.
The largest cuts in state aid to local government in the current state budget stems from two sources: (1) The Local Government Fund (LGF), a revenue sharing program dating back to 1934 and (2) Tax reimbursements provided to compensate for several local property taxes eliminated as part of tax reductions during the past decade. Using data from the Ohio Department of Taxation, we compared distributions of state aid in the current budget to the prior budget. Losses from these two sources in calendar years 2012-13 total just over a billion dollars, a reduction of nearly half of what was distributed in 2010-11 (Table 1).
Figure 1 illustrates the phasing in of the cuts over time. Cuts in state aid started with the commencement of the new biennial state budget on July 1, 2011.
Tax reimbursements for the Tangible Personal Property Tax comprised the largest source of revenue loss to local governments, accounting for a loss across the state of $640 million in 2012-13 compared to 2010-11. This reimbursement comes from the Commercial Activity Tax (CAT), and phase-out of that reimbursement was already on the books: local government share of revenue collections from the CAT was to decline from 30 percent to 19.4 percent, a decline of about a third. Under the current state budget, the phase-out was accelerated. The 4,156 levies or jurisdictions impacted by this cut saw their funding decline by 74.1 percent in calendar years 2012-13 from funding levels received during the prior two years, under the former biennial budget, during 2010-11.
Tax reimbursements for Public Utility Tax. Cuts to local governments in these funds totaled $87 million statewide when compared to what was received in the prior biennial period, an 80 percent decline. This source, though smaller than the other tax reimbursement, was not being phased out.
The Local Government Fund's "County Undivided Fund" is distributed to Ohio's 88 counties, which then share the funds internally with municipalities, townships and sometimes parks or public assistance. This fund distributed $464 million less in calendar years 2012-13, which is 38 percent less than distributed during calendar years 2010-11.
The Local Government Fund's "Municipal Direct Fund" distributes revenue directly to 582 municipalities. These jurisdictions may expect to see this source reduced by $35 million, or 39 percent less in 2012-13 compared to 2010-11.
Other funds were cut as well. For example, the Public Library Fund, another branch of local government funding, was reduced by $15 million in calendar years 2012 and 2013 compared to 2010 and 2011; this loss was compounded by loss of tax reimbursements to local library levies, estimated at another $20.8 million. This followed much steeper cuts in state aid in earlier years. The Estate Tax, which impacted the heirs of only 8 percent of Ohio estates, was eliminated in the current budget bill as of 2013. The estate tax brought in $419.2 million in 2011, of which $337.5 million (80 percent) went back to communities. This tax was important to cities, to communities with high-income residents and to townships, which have limited ability to raise revenues compared to municipalities. On average between 2007 and 2010, Cincinnati received $14.36 million each year from the estate tax; Columbus, $7.41 million and Cleveland, $3.77 million. Most jurisdictions received much less, and many saw no funds at all, but hundreds of communities have counted on some income from this source.
Ohio is an old and densely populated state, thickly settled with townships, special districts, counties, cities and villages. We are also a "home rule" state, in which citizens and local government have significant autonomy to tailor local laws as long as they do not interfere with state law. Our local governments provide many services that state governments do in much of the rest of the country.
Municipalities – The Ohio Municipal League counts 940 municipalities in Ohio. As a group, municipalities see a loss of $419 million dollars – 45.5 percent – in CY 2012-13 compared to CY 2010-11. Figure 2 shows that the largest source of state aid is from the Local Government Fund's County Undivided Fund, which is shared with municipalities. Communities that levy an income tax receive an additional, direct allocation of the LGF ("Municipal Direct"); statewide, this accounts for a small portion of the total loss of state aid. Tax reimbursements made up the third component of state aid to communities. Steep declines are seen in Figure 2 in all three categories.
Townships – Townships saw a loss of $116.8 million, a 46 percent decline in state aid compared with the prior biennium, due to cuts to the LGF County Undivided Fund and loss of tax reimbursements (Figure 3). The reduction of tax reimbursements, which were for property taxes eliminated in the past decade, hit townships hard – Ohio's 1,308 townships have fewer options for raising revenues than the municipalities and rely heavily on local property taxes.
Special districts – There are 65 or more different types of special districts in Ohio. Some are county-wide, some are within one municipality and some are multi-jurisdictional. County levies funding health and human services saw $210 million less in tax reimbursements in the current biennium compared to the last, and multi-jurisdictional or sub-county levies saw a loss of another $70.3 million. This includes county levies for children's services, which lost $39 million; levies for county health districts, which saw $32 million less; seniors' levies, which saw almost $12 million less, and mental health and developmental disabilities levies, which lost about $127 million (see Figure 4).
Revenues pay for services like education, road maintenance, streetlights, emergency services, even cemetery maintenance, and more. In the current budget, legislators made deep cuts to local governments and schools to balance the state budget instead of restoring taxes cut prior to the recession. We see the impact of those choices across the state.
This is a story heard across Ohio. In this case, the identified problem is fixed debt service payments on capital investment (the new stadiums). As revenues decline, fixed costs take a larger share than planned. The editorial doesn't mention losses stemming from cuts imposed by the state legislature, but these cuts make it harder to deliver services and carry out fiscal obligations of prior years.
The consequences of the local fiscal crisis may be personal and immediate. A Hamilton County resident at a community meeting of the Ohio Organizing Collaborative in 2011 described being attacked in her front yard in a neighborhood plagued with foreclosed and abandoned houses; she fought off two attackers but lost her purse to a third while she called for help. Help came, but too late. This is an extreme consequence of the fraying of civic life, but there are frayed ends across the state. In addition to violation of personal safety, consequences can include erosion of wealth as quality of life is diminished and property values fall. In Mansfield, streetlights have been dimmed on a rolling basis as the city copes with a fiscal emergency. Road and bridge repairs worry local officials: Uncertainty around state aid makes new debt service look risky, even if credit rating is good. Infrastructure concerns large and small abound across the state. In University Heights, some streets look like patchwork quilts, causing concern about property values.
Ohio's landscape is littered with the detritus of private sector disinvestment: shuttered factories and abandoned strip malls. The Mayor of Norwood has battled disinvestment for 20 years, with important successes. "GM was shuttered a long time ago," he points out. "We've rebuilt." Montgomery Street is busy, with shopping centers parked full and sidewalks bustling. But the mayor and his department heads worry about the future.
Norwood city employees have seen their wages frozen and have given concessions. Staffing has been curtailed through attrition. If the Local Government Fund is completely eradicated in the next budget, it will eliminate close to $700,000 every year out of the budget. Two swimming pools have been closed. Senior services have been cut. Building permit and occupancy fees have been boosted.
The case was from southwest Ohio, where county children's services struggle with deep cuts that started during the recession. The Cincinnati Enquirer examined such problems, publishing a memo Hamilton County JFS Director Moira Weir wrote asking for $2 million to hire more social workers and supervisors.
The problem emerges in other local health and human services. "There is no safety net for behavioral health in Ohio," says William Denihan, President of the Alcohol, Drug Addiction and Mental Health Services (ADAMHS) board of Cuyahoga County. "At some times, we cannot accommodate new people. Intake was closed for 6 weeks. Staffing has been reduced from 101 to 47. We serve many, but research shows there are thousands more who need these services that we cannot accommodate." Needs are great, yet state aid to local MH/DD levies was reduced by $126 million in the current two-year period.
Some interviewees spoke of deferred building repair and equipment replacement due to budget shortfalls. The estate tax, which is not predictable but provides substantial resources to nearly all communities from time to time and to many communities on an annual basis, has in many places been the source of funds for replacing emergency service equipment like fire engines and ambulances, police cars, mowers, road repair equipment and other large items. With the elimination of the estate tax, these purchases will be forced into general fund budgets.
Some of Ohio's local parks are feeling the pain of state budget cuts. The Johnny Appleseed Metro Park District near Lima anticipates the loss of more than $325,000 dollars in next year's $1.1 million dollar budget. Parks Director Kevin Haver says they're using more fuel-efficient vehicles and mowing less acreage; they have five fewer employees and they leave the entry gates open and unlocked at night. Political columnist Mark Naymik of the Cleveland Plain Dealer describes the degraded condition of Cleveland's beaches.
Some jurisdictions have privatized services, although research shows that for a variety of reasons – ranging from inflexibility in contracts to proper monitoring and oversight – such privatization can backfire and raise costs. Garbage and waste collection was the primary service privatized. The city of Toledo privatized these services in the quarter before the state budget was passed. Along with the privatization, fees were raised on residents for the service. In other communities, fees are on the rise for building permits, inspections, water, occupancy and streetlights, as well as for garbage, dumping and solid waste pick-up.
Across communities, public workers are doing double duty, as recreation personnel take on grounds maintenance and waste control, grounds crews train as arborists and fill potholes. Middle management has been eliminated; whole classifications and departments have vanished; divisions barter among themselves for office supplies. A high priority is placed on strategies for stimulating the real estate market and attracting new residents: for example, South Euclid targeted seniors and with the aid of the Cleveland Insitute of Art developed a home retrofit model for 'Aging in Place' to keep – and attract – retirees.
Local governments in Ohio have pursued collaboration for a variety of reasons, including improving quality of services, extending service geography, improving process or saving costs. Cost savings are touted, but there is no assurance of success. In a state with a long tradition of home rule, adjoining communities might differ widely about what constitutes a civic good.
A 2009 Wright State University study documented that 92.3 percent of 400 Ohio communities participating in a survey on the topic of local collaboration had formal or informal collaborative arrangements with neighboring jurisdictions. A study by researchers at Kent State University the same year found local governments collaborating, but not just for the purpose of cost savings. Almost a third of the collaborations they studied had yielded cost savings and another quarter of respondents thought cost savings were possible in the future. Another third, however, did not anticipate cost savings and 12 percent simply did not know. The current state budget established a competitive fund of grants and loans to underwrite feasibility studies for collaboration, and interest in the fund is robust. These studies indicate that cost savings may not be a sure bet, particularly compared to cuts in aid.
Some local governments anticipate new revenues and/or have initiated levies and raised fees. The first installment of casino revenue funds were distributed July 31 to eight cities and all 88 counties. While these funds will help to a degree, they will not replace state aid cut to date. Nor is there a dash to the polls for local taxpayer relief. Figure 5, taken from data on the Ohio Secretary of State website, indicates that through 2012, local levies overall have not soared in number compared to prior years.
Some places, like Noble County, have gotten levies approved only to see them repealed. In Westerville, opponents to a school levy approved by the voters sought to repeal it, but their effort was ruled off the ballot.
The public sector is the platform upon which private wealth, both residential and commercial, is built. How far can we cut it before our common wealth starts to erode? It's a question that concerns our economy and our quality of life.
Deep cuts have been made to all local governments and to special districts. Health and human service levies were hit especially hard, losing 54 percent of state aid, on average. Impacts range from the inconvenient – curtailed hours at county buildings, reduced yard waste services – to the tragic. Children's services in Hamilton County have been slashed, and behavioral health problems are going untreated in Cuyahoga County. Even issues such as uncontrolled and unpatrolled foreclosures, dimmed streetlights and lengthened emergency response times are testament to the harm cuts have inflicted, and will continue to inflict, on Ohioans' personal safety as well as to property values and family wealth.
The county auditor of Wayne County articulated the challenge Ohio faces, pointing out that voters elected an administration that promised smaller government and is actively pursuing campaign promises. This gives people a chance to experience what the shrinking of government, especially local government, feels like. Future elections will give voters the opportunity to change direction.
State legislators would do well to listen to what is happening at home. The cuts are already too deep. The pending budget offers an opportunity to consider a more balanced approach to rebuilding Ohio's common wealth and job base. It is time for investment for the future.
The authors would like to thank county auditors, Ohio Children and Families First coordinators, and other local government and health and human service officials in all 88 counties and many municipalities who spoke to our team over the summer. In particular, we are grateful to: Mayor Earl M. Leiken of Shaker Heights; Mayor Georgine Welo and her staff of South Euclid; Councilman James T. Reilly and City Manager Lynn Tetley of Wyoming; Mayor Tom Williams, Treasurer Tim Malony and Councilman Joe Sanker of Norwood; Mayor J.K. Byar and Vice Mayor Natalie Wolf of Amberley; Sharon Dumas of Cleveland; Mayor Susan Infeld of University Heights; Diane Dawson Miler of Akron; Tim Riordan of Dayton; Mayor David Berger of Lima; Mayor Mike Summers of Lakewood; State Representative Denise Driehaus; Shelby County Auditor Denny York; Reginald Zeno of Cincinnati; President and CEO William Denihan of the Cuyahoga County ADAMHS Board.
We would also like to thank the many interns who assisted with this project: Casey Andersen, Morgyn-Britney Hall, Laura Harris, Marcy Jagdeo, Ellen Kubit, Andrew Loucky, Phoung Lee, Stephen Maillard, Victor Matsunaga, Timothy O'Toole, Alex Saunders, Robin Steiner, Alex Vitale.
As throughout this report, numbers in Table A-1 through A-5 cover calendar years, while major reductions in Local Government Funds and tax reimbursements were approved for fiscal years 2012 and 2013. Calendar years are used here because local governments budget on the calendar year, and therefore the Ohio Department of Taxation projects distributions of aid and of tax collections on a calendar year basis. The forecasts for 2013 are uncertain because the legislature is required to enact another biennial budget by the end of June 2013 and further changes might be incorporated in it. For the purposes of this report, calendar year projections required for the Local Government Fund are provided for 2013 by the Ohio Department of Taxation. Both distributions and projections of tax reimbursements for 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013 were provided by the Ohio Department of Taxation.
 The funding throughout this brief is analyzed on a calendar year basis, because local governments operate on a calendar year basis and Department of Taxation data is configured for their uses.
 This figure does include loss of Dealers in Intangibles Tax, which is distributed as part of the Local Government Fund. It does not include the Public Library Fund, the Estate Tax (eliminated in 2013), school district losses or other cuts.
 This assumes no further cuts in the next biennium, which starts July 1, 2013 and begins to impact local governments in the fall of 2013; forecast for the entire calendar year of 2013 is based on Ohio Department of Taxation, Tax Data Series at http://tax.ohio.gov/divisions/tax_analysis/tax_data_series/local_government_funds/publications_tds_local.stm.
 Sue Cave, The Ohio Municipal League, "Municipal Revenues, Municipal Expenditures, Municipal Services: An Overview," Testimony the General Assembly, January 18, 2011. Provided by Gongwer News Service.
 Ohio Township Association, 2011-12 Legislative Priorities at http://bit.ly/SPPy9B.
 "It's time to talk about the T-word," Cincinnati Enquirer, August 26, 2012 http://cin.ci/VTCfVy.
 Interview with City of Lima Finance Director Steve Cleves, June 27, 2012.
 Interview with Mayor Thomas F. Williams of Norwood, May 25, 2012.
 Interview with Mayor Georgine Welo of South Euclid, May 5, 2012.
 "Kasich's surplus came from the budgets of busted cities" at http://bit.ly/U4TAJw. (Accessed August 30, 2012).
 Ohio Labor Market Information, Current Employment Statistics (June 2009 to September 2012) at http://ohiolmi.com/asp/CES/CES.htm: this is based on monthly estimates, highly variable and subject to revision.
 Interview with Diane Dawson Miller, Akron finance director, June 22, 2012.
 This case started in 2007, the first year of the recession. Arbitration proceedings, FMCS # 10-56843-8; Date of Award – July 28, 2011.
 Sharon Coolidge, "Could 2-year old James Livesay have been saved?" Enquirer/cincinnati.com, April 20, 2012.
 Interview with William Denihan and colleagues January 5, 2012.
 "Budget Cuts at The Parks", June 4, 2012, www.hometownstations.com/story/18692938/budget-cuts-at-the-parks.
 "Privatization Myths Debunked," In the Public Interest at www.inthepublicinterest.org/node/457.
 Conner Dougherty, "When Civic Mergers Don't Save Money," Wall Street Journal, August 21, 2011 at online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111904875404576532342236074926.html.
 Jack Dustin, David Jones, and Myron Levine, "Collaborative Local Government in the State of Ohio," Wright State University, 2009 at www.greaterohio.org/files/policy-research/wright-state-report.pdf.
 Mayor Earl M. Leiken's e-news, March 30, 2012.
 "Lorain's Future and the Income Tax," June 25, 2012, power point presentation of the City of Lorain.
 Telephone interview with Wayne County Auditor Jarra L. Underwood, July 2012.


The London-based electronic duo give us the inside track on their star-studded new album.
The renaissance of France's best rock band.
The landmark space documentary that's emerged from the vaults after nearly 40 years in obscurity.
Fuzzed-up indie-pop from one of the year's best new bands.
WWE's Lita on the journey from wrestling stardom to punk's toilet circuit.
AVAILABLE IN ALL GOOD NEWSAGENTS ACROSS IRELAND AND THROUGH SELECTED HMV, ZAVVI AND BORDERS OUTLETS IN SCOTLAND, ENGLAND, AND WALES.


As the world celebrates Tracy Chapman, Nora Jones, and Nate Houge's birthday I'd like to take a moment to include in this party hearty spirit the release of my new CD, Reform Follows Function. Soon you'll be able to order it online. Till then e-mail me – nate@natehouge.com – and I'll hook you up! It's $15 and it's killer.
I'll be playing a bunch of these songs tomorrow night at the Terminal Bar with Graham Peterson on drums, Justin Rimbo on bass and Micah Taylor on stuff. You should come – it's not the official CD release party but it'll still be fun. I promise.
It's a good day folks.


Perched on the very edge of the beach overlooking the sea and open to cooling sea breezes, SeaSky offers guests the choice of a delightful interior venue or an al fresco beachside setting.
Open from early morning to late evening, the restaurant offers breakfast; contemporary Thai and light Mediterranean cuisine for lunch and dinner with seasonal and daily specials; and an exquisite afternoon tea featuring a delicious array of homemade cakes with coffee and tea. A wide choice of carefully selected wines and Thai craft beers are available to accompany the food of choice.
SeaSky is pleasantly welcoming and accessible, with friendly, attentive service at all times.
Opening hours: From 6:30 a.m. to 10:30 p.m.
With a sublime beachfront setting, Sundowners is the ideal place to relax and mingle, day and night.
Throughout the day refreshing fruit juices, cocktails, mocktails, coffee are served, and, as the evening approaches there is no better location to admire the stunning Koh Lanta sunsets.
The bar boasts carefully crafted cocktails, a wide selection of gins (and tonics), Thai craft beers as well as tasty bar snacks, with a personable and knowledgeable bar team always eager to assist.
Open until midnight, Sundowners is also ideal for post-dinner drinks at the end of another magical Layana day.
Opening hours: From 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.
Nestled alongside the resort's Wellness Pool, and just steps away from the well-equipped Fitness Center and award-winning Linger Longer Spa, The White Bar is the perfect spot for an energizing juice or light snack.
Its impressive selection of fresh pressed fruit and vegetable juices are both delicious and healthy, and are now available in bottles to take away.
Opening hours: From 10:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
Sipping a favorite cool cocktail, enjoying a beer or glass of wine, whilst admiring a golden sun setting over the deep azure of the ocean…the perfect way to see out a sparkling day at Layana before enjoying your evening meal. A relaxed, friendly ambience awaits at Sundowner, with helpful, prompt service and convivial company with like-minded people.
Opening hours: 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m.


Today I'm representin' my Alma Mater in my Arkansas Razorbacks t-shirt, the dress as a skirt, grey knit tights and my oh-so-awesome red tartan sneakers. All day I wished I had some black leg warmers to complete the ensemble. No, really.
I pulled my hair back into multiple braids like Gwen Stefani (though hers admittedly looks better), because it's rainy and windy here (as usual), and hair is best pulled back when you're slummin' it.
Tonight is Wash Night for the dress. Oh yes, the jokes have been flying, but really, the dress does get washed. Just not every day. However, with Baby Jaguar constantly puking on me (and if you've ever breastfed a baby, you also know about milk stains), I'll probably need to wash more often than I'd have hoped. I also realise I need a washing schedule; for instance, we are going out of town Friday right after Scott gets off work and won't be back until Sunday afternoon. That's already three days of wearing and no washing. So I need to be sure to wash it Thursday night. But it needs washed tonight too, so it'll get two washings in a row. I'll need to plan better next week.
Tomorrow morning, while the kids are at school and nursery, I'm going to tackle their room. This will be 2/3s exhilarating and 1/3 guilt-inducing. This is because I plan on chucking EVERY bit of rubbish they have. There's this box under their bed, and what's it full of? Junk. Happy Meal toys, rocks and shells collected from the beach, bits of paper with drawings on them (nothing nostalgic either), etc. So the box is getting dumped, under the bed is getting cleared and cheap, broken and useless toys are OUT. I just hope they don't notice too much missing.
Yep, this is the month of simplifying. Maybe by Halloween, my house will be so empty, it'll be spooky!


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Nova Digital Radio
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Afternoon Drive with Pat Courtenay
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Home Music News Guns N' Roses To Be The First Rock Group To Play At...
Guns N' Roses To Be The First Rock Group To Play At New Vegas Stadium
Gary Delaney
Used To Love Her rockers, Guns 'N' Roses are due to be the first-ever rock artist to play Las Vegas' Allegiant Stadium. The group will hit the City of Second Chances, Lost Wages this summer, as part of their rescheduled 2021 North American tour. Wolfgang Van Halen's Mammoth WVH will open the concert, which was originally set to take place in 2020.
According to Sporting News, the 65,000-capacity stadium, which is located in Paradise right next to the Las Vegas Strip, took under three years to complete. The venue became the home of NFL's Raiders football team, when they moved out of Oakland, California.
The Allegiant Stadium's website notes that the show is the first-ever rock concert to take place there. Electronic artist, Illenium and country singer Garth Brooks are due to perform there this year, as well as Raiders' football games.
Tickets for the Guns 'N' Roses show at Allegiant Stadium go on sale this Saturday, June 12th. However, members of their Nightrain fan club have early access to purchase them, starting now until June 11th. Tickets are available from the band's website.
When Guns 'N' Roses last played a concert in the United States, it took place at the Colosseum in Caesar's Palace in 2019. The Sweet Child O' Mine rockers played two shows on the final dates of their Not in This Lifetime tour.
The We're F'N' Back! Tour will be kicking off on July 31st, at the Hersheypark Stadium and will wrap up with a two-night stand at the Hard Rock Live Arena in Hollywood, on October 2nd and 3rd. Wolfgang Van Halen's solo band Mammoth WVH will be hitting the road with Guns 'N' Roses as the support act on the tour.
Gear Up For The Guns
If you cannot wait for gigs and festivals to come back, why not check out the online content bands have created during the pandemic. Last month, Guns N' Roses released videos of six live tracks for their Not In This Lifetime series on YouTube. The clips were filmed at the Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha in Brazil, in front of 42,000 fans on November 20th, 2016. The tracks include: It's So Easy, Welcome To The Jungle, Sorry, Rocket Queen, Used To Love Her and set closer Nightrain.
Mammoth WVH
Not In This Lifetime
Wolfgang Van Halen
Previous articleCheck Out Lynyrd Skynyrd Perform Live From The Gulf Coast!
Next articleThe Flaming Lip Hope To Be The First Band To Perform In Space
Gary Delaney writes for Radio Nova & Nova.ie from Dublin, Ireland.
Rick Rubin Calls Paul McCartney "The Best Of All Bass Players"
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U2 Release Reimagined Version Of 'With Or Without You'
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Stigma, discrimination still putting off people getting tested
The fear of stigma and discrimination is still putting vulnerable people off from getting tested for HIV, health experts said on the eve of World AIDS Day today.
The devastating effects of HIV/AIDS can be mitigated through early use of antiretrovirals but this is only possible if people at risk get themselves tested early enough, Dr R Allya, project director at the Meghalaya AIDS Control Society (MACS) said.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres in government-run health facilities provide medicines free of cost as well as counselling for HIV patients. MACS has been trying to encourage early testing by organising health camps and through social media campaigns, Dr Allya added.
She informed that there are 5,857 registered people living with HIV in the state, though she admitted that the real number could be a lot higher, with MACS estimating that the true figure is closer to 11,000. There are also 286 children living with the virus.
Fear of stigma and discrimination has also meant that there are around 1,600 people who have tested positive, begun ART but have gone missing, usually because they provided an incorrect phone number or address.
There are also 44 people living with HIV who have opted out of ART, for one reason or another, mainly denial, unwillingness to take medicines or religious faith.
The MACS official also informed that the main causes of infection in Meghalaya are unsafe sex, intravenous drug use and via mother to child.


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Stephen Fry Donald Trump Meryl Streep
Stephen Fry seemingly made a dig at Donald Trump as he hosted the 70th British Academy Film Awards on Sunday (12.02.17).
Stephen Fry appeared to make a dig at Donald Trump as he hosted the 70th British Academy Film Awards.
The 59-year-old presenter was praising Meryl Streep - who Trump recently branded ''overrated'' - when he quipped that only a ''blithering idiot'' would think she wasn't one of the greatest actresses all time.
In his opening speech, he said: ''She's one of the greatest actresses of all time - only a blithering idiot would think otherwise.''
He then walked down the steps towards the nominees and the audience that had packed into London's Royal Albert Hall, where he said: ''Ms. Streep, it's tradition here for me to garner a kiss from one of the nominees every year.''
Meryl happily placed a kiss on Stephen, telling him she was ''so thrilled'', before he made his way back onstage.
He said: ''Never in the field of conflict has my left cheek been so jealous of my right. Underrated is what I'd say.''
In her speech at the Golden Globes, Meryl slammed the US president and spoke of the importance of diversity.
She said: ''Hollywood is crawling with outsiders and foreigners, and if you kick us all out, you'll have nothing to watch except for football and mixed martial arts, which are not arts. But who are we, and what is Hollywood anyway? It's just a bunch of people from other places ...
''This instinct to humiliate, when it's modelled by someone in the public platform, by someone powerful, it filters down into everybody's life, because it kinda gives permission for other people to do the same thing. Disrespect invites disrespect, violence incites violence. And when the powerful use their position to bully others, we all lose.''
Her passionate speech was met with much praise from a number of celebrities including Viola Davis, Ellen DeGeneres and Zoe Saldana.


TSRT hosts and supports a variety of live educational events for radiologic technologists, students, and educators. Find an event that matches your interests and earn CEU's in person with your peers.
Delivering the highest quality patient care starts with having the best trained people. TSRT would like to help technologist in Texas provide the highest quality patient care. Technologist who are formally trained provide better patient care, increase patient throughput and have higher job satisfaction. They are more likely to catch a mistake before it happens, and less likely to require expensive re-takes.
April 4th – 6th 2019!


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Aristotle and the Later Tradition
Henry J. Blumenthal (ed.)
Oxford University Press on Demand (1991)
@book{Blumenthal1991-BLUAAT-6, author = {Henry J. Blumenthal}, year = {1991}, publisher = {Oxford University Press on Demand}, title = {Aristotle and the Later Tradition} }
Blumenthal, Henry J. (ed.) (1991). Aristotle and the Later Tradition. Oxford University Press on Demand.
This volume contains papers by a group of leading experts on Aristotle and the later Aristotelian tradition of Neoplatonism. The discussion ranges from Aristotle's treatment of Parmenides, the most important pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, to Neoplatonic and medieval use of Aristotle, for which Aristotle himself set guidelines in his discussions of his predecessors. Traces of these guidelines can be seen in the work of Plotinus, and that of the later Greek commentators on Aristotle. The study of these commentators, and the recognition of the philosophical interest and importance of the ideas which they expressed in their commentaries, is an exciting new development in ancient philosophy to which this book makes a unique and distinguished contribution.
Classical Greek Philosophy in Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy
Aristotle Aristotle Philosophy
Google Books (no proxy)
Ancient Classics for English Readers. Aristotle.Alexander Grant - unknown
Aristotle and the Later Tradition: Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Supplementary Volume 1991.Henry Blumenthal & Julia Annas (eds.) - 1991 - Clarendon Press.
Aristotle: A Collection of Critical Essays.J. M. E. Moravcsik - 1967 - Melbourne, Macmillan.
Aristotle.J. M. E. Moravcsik - 1967 - Garden City, N.Y., Anchor Books.
Articles on Aristotle Henry Blumenthal, Howard Robinson (edd.): Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, Supplementary vol.: Aristotle and the Later Tradition. Pp. x + 277. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991. £35. [REVIEW]R. W. Sharples - 1993 - The Classical Review 43 (01):87-89.
Aristotle Meteorologica.Henry Desmond Pritchard Aristotle & Lee - 1952 - Heinemann Harvard University Press.
Aristotle's Protrepticus an Attempt at Reconstruction.D. J. Allan - 1961 - Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis.
Review of Aristotle's psychology. [REVIEW]James E. Faulconer - 1990 - Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 10 (1):51-53.
Aristotle and natural law.Tony Burns - 1998 - History of Political Thought 19 (2):142-166.
Aristotle's Ethics: Issues and Interpretations.James Jerome Walsh - 1967 - Belmont, Calif., Wadsworth Pub. Co..
Articles on Aristotle.Jonathan Aristotle, Malcolm Barnes, Richard Schofield & Sorabji - 1975
The Politics of Aristotle a Revised Text : Books I - V.Robert Drew Aristotle, Franz Hicks & Susemihl - 1894 - Macmillan.
[Aristotelous Peri Geneseos Kai Phthoras] = Aristotle on Coming-to-Be & Passing-Away.Harold H. Aristotle & Joachim - 1922 - Clarendon Press.
The Text Tradition of Pseudo-Aristotle de Mundo Together with an Appendix Containing the Text of the Medieval Latin Versions.William Laughton Lorimer, Aristotle & Nicolaus - 1924 - Published for St. Andrews University by Humphrey Milford, Oxford University Press.
Cause and Because in Aristotle.G. R. G. Mure - 1975 - Philosophy 50 (193):356 - 357.
6 (#1,104,159)
Simplicius: Commentary, Harmony, and Authority.Rachel Barney - 2009 - Antiquorum Philosophia 3:101-120.
Themistius' Doctrine of the Three Intellects.John F. Finamore - 2010 - Dionysius 28.


text:
NGO, Project Good Life ink MOA for Project Nurture
Photo courtesy of 53rd Infantry "Matapat" Battalion
The Project Good Life of the Philippine Army's 53rd Infantry "Matapat" Battalion (53IB) and the Inner Wheel Club of Yllana Bay inked the Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) for Project Nurture last July 24 at Good Life Village, Poblacion, Guipos, Zamboanga del Sur.
Project Nurture is a holistic care for the children of Friends Rescued (FRs) through the monitoring of nutritional status, provision of basic needs and vitamins, and the sharing of the Gospel.
In his message, 53IB Commanding Officer Lt. Col. Jo-ar Herrera expressed his gratitude to the Inner Wheel Club of Yllana Bay for their commitment to improve the children's lives.
"I express our heartfelt gratitude to your the Inner Wheel Club's commitment to improve the lives of the children of our FRs. With this partnership, not only will we be able to holistically transform FRs but their children as well," said Lt. Col. Herrera.
Meanwhile, Inner Wheel Club of Yllana Bay president Ms. Evelyn Salinding said in her message of support that this partnership is a step toward improving the lives of the children.
"Project Nurture aims to provide, preserve, and promote the well-being of the children amid this time of pandemic. We hope this project will be of significant help to the children of the FRs," said Ms. Salinding.
Inner Wheel Club Vice-President Ms. Zenaida Obaob also thanked the 53IB for the opportunity to serve the FRs and their children, with the Past District Chairwoman Ms. Jane Ortiz pledging her support and commitment to Project Nurture.
With this, Project Good Life President Dr. Moibe Olitres said that Project nurture is another essential milestone for project good life.
"This is valuable in expounding the experiential learning in the context of human development and parenting of our friends rescued and their children," said Dr. Moibe Olitres.
Project Nurture will be conducted at the Halfway House beside 53IB Headquarters in Barangay Poblacion, Guipos, Zamboanga del Sur once a month, for a period of one (1) year starting July 24, 2021.
Published August 1, 2021 By Ryan Warren
Categorized as Army, Civil Military Operations Tagged 53rd Infantry "Matapat" Battalion, Philippine Army
PNP Maritime Group plans to hire more personnel, acquire new boats
Army, NPA clash anew in Zambo Norte


2015 Reeder, D. Benjamin Reeder, "In situ observation of low-to-mid-frequency acoustic propagation characteristics of an estuarine salt wedge", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., (submitted).
2015 Jech, J., J. Horne, D. Chu, D. Demer, D. Francis, N. Gorska, B. Jones, A. Lavery, G. Macaulay, D. Benjamin Reeder, K. Sawada and T. Stanton, "Comparisons among ten models of acoustic backscattering used in aquatic ecosystem research", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., (in revision).
2015 Ramp, S.R., Y.J. Yang, D. Benjamin Reeder, M.C. Buijsman and F.L. Bahr, "The Evolution of Mode-2 Nonlinear Internal Waves Over the Northern Heng-Chun Ridge South of Taiwan", Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, (in press).
2014 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Clutter depth discrimination using the wavenumber spectrum", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. EL, 135(1), EL1-7, doi: 10.1121/1.4828979.
2013 Chiu, Linus Y.S. and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Acoustic mode coupling due to subaqueous sand dunes in the South China Sea", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. EL, 134, EL198-204, doi: 10.1121/1.4812862.
2013 Chiu, Linus Y.S., D. Benjamin Reeder, Yuan-Ying Chang, Chi-Fang Chen, Ching-Sang Chiu and James Lynch, "Enhanced acoustic mode coupling resulting from an internal solitary wave approaching the shelfbreak in the South China Sea", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 133(3), 1306-1319.
2012 Ramp, Steven R., Yiing Jang Yang, D. Benjamin Reeder, and Fred L. Bahr, "Observations of a mode-2 nonlinear internal wave on the Northern Heng-Chun Ridge South of Taiwan, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C03043, 1-11, doi:10.1029/2011JC007662.
2011 Duda, Timothy F., Ying-Tsong Lin and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Observationally-constrained modeling of sound in curved ocean internal waves: Examination of deep ducting and surface ducting at short range", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 130(3), 1173-1187.
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Fish acoustics: Physics-based modeling and measurement", J. Mar. Sci. Tech., 19(3), 273-278.
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Christopher L. Bryan, Keith R. Everett, Mary L. Batteen, and Arlene A. Guest, "Quantitative ocean characterization: Acoustically analogous environments", J. Operational Oceanography, 4(1), 3-12.
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Edmond S. Sheffield and Susan M. Mach, "Wind-generated ambient noise in a topographically isolated deep basin: A pre-industrial era proxy", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 129, 64-73.
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Barry B. Ma and Y-J Yang, "Very large subaqueous sand dunes on the upper continental slope in the South China Sea generated by episodic, shoaling deep-water internal solitary waves", Marine Geology, 279, 12-18.
2010 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Linus Chiu and Chi-Fang Chen, "Experimental evidence of horizontal refraction by non-linear internal waves of elevation in shallow water in the South China Sea: 3D vs. Nx2D acoustic propagation modeling", J. Computational Acoust., 18(3), 267-278.
2010 Chiu, Linus Y.S., Andrea Y.Y. Chang, Chi-Fang Chen, Ruey-Chang Wei, Ying-Jang Yang and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Three-dimensional acoustic simulation of an acoustic refraction by a nonlinear internal wave in a wedge bathymetry", J. Computational Acoust., 18(3), 279-296.
2010 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Ching-Sang Chiu, " Ocean acidification and its impact on ocean noise: Phenomenology and analysis", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. EL, 128(3), 137-143.
2010 Bernotavicius, Christopher S., Ching-Sang Chiu, Christopher W. Miller, D. Benjamin Reeder, Ruey-Chang Wei, Ying-Jang Yang and Linus Chiu, "Modeling the basic arrival structure of a 400- Hz acoustic pulse through the South China Sea basin", J. Computational Acoust., 18(2), 193-208.
2004 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Timothy K. Stanton, "Acoustic scattering by axisymmetric finite-length bodies: An extension of a 2-dimensional conformal mapping method", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 116(2), 729-746.
2004 Reeder, D. Benjamin, J. Michael Jech, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Broadband acoustic backscatter and high-resolution morphology of fish: Measurement and modeling", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 116(2), 747-761.
2004 Stanton, Timothy K., Dezhang Chu, and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Non-Rayleigh acoustic scattering characteristics of individual fish and zooplankton", IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 29(2), 260-268.
2003 Stanton, Timothy K., D. Benjamin Reeder, and J. Michael Jech, "Inferring fish orientation from broadband-acoustic echoes", ICES J. Mar. Sci., 60(3), 524-531.
2015 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Yiing Jang Yang, "Observations of near-seabed currents induced by very large internal solitary waves over a sand dune field in the South China Sea", IEEE Proceedings of the Current, Waves and Turbulence Workshop, St. Petersburg, FL (March).
2014 Miller, Chistopher W., Ching-Sang Chiu, D. Benjamin Reeder, Ying-Jang Yang, Linus Chiu and Chi-Fang Chen, "Preliminary Observations from the 2014 Sand Dunes Experiment", Naval Postgraduate School Technical Report NPS-OC-14-004, 67 pp.
2014 Chiu, Ching-Sang, Reeder, D. Benjamin, Ramp, Steven R. Ramp and Christopher W. Miller, "Cruise Report: South China Sea Upper Slope Sand Dunes Project, May 8-14, 2013", Naval Postgraduate School Technical Report NPS-OC-14-003, 29 pp.
2013 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical characterization of the estuarine salt wedge", Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics (POMA), 19, 005004, doi: 10.1121/1.4799122 (June).
2011 Chiu, Linus Y.S., Andrea Chang, D. Benjamin Reeder and Chi-Fang Chen, "Acoustic field, performance of underwater communication, and passive phase conjugation in an environment of 3D horizontal refraction induced by internal waves in NLIWI07 Experiment", Pacific Rim Underwater Acoustics Conference, Jeju Island, Korea (October).
2008 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Timothy F. Duda and Barry Ma, "Short-range acoustic propagation variability on a shelf area with strong nonlinear internal waves", Proceedings of the IEEE Oceans 2008 - Kobe Conference, Kobe, Japan, 8-11 April 2008.
2008 Miller, Christopher W., D. Benjamin Reeder, Marla Stone and Keith Wyckoff, "Preliminary results from the Non-Linear Internal Wave Initiative (NLIWI) Acoustics Cruise", NPS Technical Report NPS-OC-08-0XX, 28 pp.
2005 Sarangapani, Sairajan, James H. Miller, Gopu R. Potty, D. Benjamin Reeder, Timothy K. Stanton and Dezhang Chu, "Measurements and modeling of the target strength of divers", Proceedings of the IEEE Oceans 2005 - Europe Conference, Brest, France, 20-23 June 2005, pp. 952-956.
2002 Stanton, Timothy K., D. Benjamin Reeder, and J. Michael Jech, "Inference of fish orientation from broadband acoustic echoes", Proceedings of the 6th ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier (June).
2002 Reeder, D. Benjamin, J. Michael Jech, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Broadband acoustic backscatter and high resolution morphology of fish: Measurements and scattering models", Proceedings of the 6th ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier (June).
2001 Stanton, Timothy K., Dezhang Chu, Linda V. Martin Traykovski, D. Benjamin Reeder, Joeseph D. Warren, and Peter H. Wiebe, "Broadband acoustic classification of individual zooplankton and fish: A review of recent work", in Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics Conference on Acoustical Oceanography (April), Vol. 23, Part 2, 181-188.
2000 Chu, Dezhang, Peter H. Wiebe, Timothy K. Stanton, T.R. Hammar, K.W. Doherty, Nancy J. Copley, Jack Zhang, D. Benjamin Reeder and Mark C. Benfield, "Measurements of the material properties of live marine organisms and their influences on the signatures of the acoustic scattering", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2000 Symposium, Providence (Sept.), Vol. 3, 1963-1967.
2015 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Azimuthal, translational, spectral, temporal and depth-dependent acoustic anisotropy over the sand dune field in the South China Sea", Taiwan-US Sand Dunes Project Workshop, Taipei, Taiwan (March).
2015 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Yiing Jang Yang, "Observations of near-seabed currents induced by very large internal solitary waves over a sand dune field in the South China Sea", Current, Waves and Turbulence Workshop, St. Petersburg, FL (March).
2014 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical characterization of the Columbia River Estuary", AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA (Dec).
2014 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical observation of the estuarine salt wedge at low-to-mid-frequencies", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 136(4), Pt. 2, 2120 (Oct).
2014 Chang, Andrea Y., C.-F. Chen, L.Y. Chiu, Emily Liu, C.-S. Chiu and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Three-dimensional acoustic propagation effect in subaqueous sand dune field", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 136(4), Pt. 2, 2178 (Oct).
2014 Chiu, C.-S., D. Benjamin Reeder, Linus Chiu, Y.-J. Yang and Chifang Chen, "South China Sea upper-slope sand dunes acoustics experiment", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 136(4), Pt. 2, 2316 (Oct).
2014 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "In situ low-frequency acoustic observation of the estuarine salt wedge", Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, (Feb).
2014 Ramp, Steven R., Y.J. Yang, D. Benjamin Reeder and Fred L. Bahr, "Mode-2 internal wave generation on the northern Heng-Chun Ridge", Ocean Sciences Meeting, Honolulu, HI, (Feb).
2013 Chiu, Linus Y.S. and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Acoustic mode coupling due to subaqueouos sand dunes in the South China Sea: Extension of the adiabatic criterion to waveguides with bed forms", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 134(5), Pt. 2, 4111 (Dec).
2012 Chiu, Linus Y.S., Y.Y. Chang, C.F. Chen, D. Benjamin Reeder, C.S. Chiu, Y.T. Lin and J.F. Lynch, "Acoustic mode coupling resulting from an internal solitary wave approaching a shelf break in South China Sea", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 131 (May).
2012 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Ocean noise: Past, present and .... future?", National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (April).
2012 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustic propagation in the South China Sea", Department of Ocean Resources Engineering, School of Ocean Engineering, Science and Technology, University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI (March).
2012 Ramp, Steven R., Y.J. Yang, D. Benjamin Reeder and Fred L. Bahr, "Observations of Mode-2 nonlinear internal waves over the northern Heng-Chun Ridge south of Taiwan", Ocean Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, Abstract OS12896 (February).
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Ocean noise levels: The impact of ocean acidification during the industrial era and a pre-industrial era proxy", College of Earth, Ocean and Environment, University of Delaware, Newark, DE (April).
2011 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Wind-generated ambient noise in a topographically isolated deep basin: A pre-industrial era proxy", 2nd Indo-US Workshop on Shallow Water Acoustics, National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai, India (February).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Fish acoustics", The Asian Fisheries Acoustics Society International Conference on Fisheries Acoustics and Contribution for Sustainable Fisheries in Asia, Taipei, Taiwan (Nov).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Ching-Sang Chiu, "Ocean acidification and its impact on ocean noise level: An analysis using empirical and physical models of acoustic transmission loss", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 126 (October), Invited.
2009 Lin, Y.T., T.F. Duda and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Surface and deep ducting of sound parallel to strong nonlinear internal wave fronts", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 126 (October).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Statistics of acoustic intensity fluctuations caused by non-linear internal waves of elevation in shallow water in the South China Sea", J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 126 (October).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Fish acoustics: Physics-based modeling and measurement", National Taiwan University, Taipei (August).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Fish acoustics: Physics-based modeling and measurement", National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung (July).
2009 Chiu, Ching-Sang, C.W. Miller, D. Benjamin Reeder, J. Reeves, S.R. Ramp, "Observed temporal statistics of acoustic travel time and intensity in the South China Sea", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125: 2590 (May).
2009 Jech, J.M., J.K. Horne, D. Chu, C.S. Clay, D.T.I. Francis, N. Gorska, D.V. Holliday, B.A. Jones, A.C. Lavery, D. Benjamin Reeder, K. Sawada, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Comparison of acoustic models for standard shapes", ICES Working Group Meeting on Fisheries Acoustics Science and Technology, Ancona, Italy (May).
2009 Horne, J.K., J.M. Jech, D. Chu, C.S. Clay, D.T.I. Francis, N. Gorska, D.V. Holliday, B.A. Jones, A.C. Lavery, D. Benjamin Reeder, K. Sawada, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Comparing backscatter model predictions from fish and zooplankton", ICES Working Group Meeting on Fisheries Acoustics Science and Technology, Ancona, Italy (May).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustic propagation parallel to strong non-linear internal wave fronts in shallow water: Insufficiency of 2D acoustic propagation modeling", University of Rhode Island, Graduate School of Oceanography, Narragansett, RI (March).
2009 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustic propagation parallel to strong non-linear internal wave fronts in shallow water: Insufficiency of 2D acoustic propagation modeling", Department of Mathematical Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (March).
2008 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Susan Mach and Edmond S. Sheffield, "Historical ambient noise levels in a topographically isolated basin", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123: 3901. (July).
2008 Chiu, Ching-Sang, D. Benjamin Reeder, Christopher Miller, Justin Reeves, Steve Ramp, Yiing Jang Yang, Ruey-Chang Wei and Chifang Chen, "Observed acoustic arrival structure and intensity variability induced by transbasin nonlinear internal waves in the South China Sea basin", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123: 3588. (July).
2008 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Barry B. Ma, Ruey Chang Wei, and Chifang Chen, "Observations of low- frequency acoustic propagation parallel to non-linear internal elevation wave fronts in shallow water in the South China Sea", Ocean Sciences 2008, Orlando, FL, (March).
2008 Ma, Barry B., D. Benjamin Reeder, Y.J. Yang, J.Y. Lou, "Observations of Internal Solitary Waves in the South China Sea", Ocean Sciences 2008, Orlando, FL, (March).
2008 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "FMM model results", NOAA Fisheries Advanced Sampling Technology Working Group (ASTWG) Workshop on Modeling Fish and Zooplankton Acoustic Scattering", Friday Harbor, WA (January).
2007 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Observations from the April 2007 Non-Linear Internal Wave Initiative (NLIWI) Acoustics Study in the South China Sea", Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA (October).
2007 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Ocean noise in the Pacific: Short and long term trends using sonobuoy data", Pacific Rim Underwater Acoustics Conference, Vancouver, BC, Canada (October).
2007 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical studies in the South China Sea: Initial observations from the OR1 & OR3 SCOPE/NLIWI cruises in April, 2007", NLIWI SCS 2007 Post-Cruise Workshop, Girdwood, Alaska, (August).
2007 Sarangapani, Sairajan, Jennifer L. Miksis-Olds, and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Numerical modeling of groundfish target strength compared to in situ data", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 121(5): 3040. (May).
2007 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical studies in the South China Sea: Initial observations from the OR1 & OR3 SCOPE/NLIWI cruises in April, 2007", National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (April).
2007 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustical studies in the South China Sea: Initial observations from the OR1 & OR3 SCOPE/NLIWI cruises in April, 2007", Institute of Underwater Technology, National Sun Yet-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (April).
2006 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Ocean noise in the Atlantic: Short and long term trends using sonobuoy data", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 120(5): 3382. (November).
2006 Chu, D., Timothy K. Stanton and D. Benjamin Reeder, "Modeling of the backscattering by swimbladder-bearing fish", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 120(5): 3105. (November).
2006 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Ocean acoustic research goals in ONR's Non-linear Internal Wave Initiative (NLIWI) in the South China Sea (SCS)", NLIWI SCS 2007 Pre-Cruise Workshop, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, (November).
2006 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Sound scattering layers in the presence of internal waves in the Northeastern South China Sea", Eos Trans. AGU, 87(36), Ocean Sci. Suppl., Abstract OS15A-13.
2004 Reeder, D. Benjamin, J.M. Jech, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Broadband acoustic backscatter and high-resolution morphology of fish: Measurement and modeling", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116(4): 2489. (November).
2004 Reeder, D. Benjamin and Timothy K. Stanton, "Acoustic scattering by axisymmetric finite-length bodies", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116(4): 2528. (November).
2004 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustic scattering by individual bounded objects", Naval Postgraduate School, (May).
2002 Stanton, Timothy K., D. Benjamin Reeder, and J.M. Jech, "Inference of fish orientation from broadband acoustic echoes", 6th ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier (June).
2002 Jech, J.M., D. Benjamin Reeder, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Broadband acoustic backscatter and high resolution morphology of fish: Part II: Scattering models", 6th ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier (June).
2002 Reeder, D. Benjamin, J.M. Jech, and Timothy K. Stanton, "Broadband acoustic backscatter and high resolution morphology of fish: Part I: Measurements", 6th ICES Symposium on Acoustics in Fisheries and Aquatic Ecology, Montpellier (June).
2002 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Acoustic scattering by axisymetric finite-length bodies: Measurement and modeling", MIT/WHOI, (April).
2001 Stanton, Timothy K., D. Chu, L.V. Martin Traykovski, D. Benjamin Reeder, J.D. Warren, and P.H. Wiebe, "Broadband classification of individual zooplankton and fish: A review of recent work", Institute of Acoustics Conference on Acoustical Oceanography (April).
2000 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Broadband acoustic backscattering by alewife fish", Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, (November).
2000 Jech, J.M., D. Benjamin Reeder, Timothy K. Stanton, and D. Chu, "Three-dimensional visualization of acoustic backscattering and models by alewife", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108(5): 2457- 2458. (November).
2000 Reeder, D. Benjamin, Timothy K. Stanton, D. Chu J.M. Jech, "Broadband acoustic backscattering from alewife fish: Experiment and analysis", J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 108(5): 2457-2458. (November).
2000 Chu, D., P.H. Wiebe, Timothy K. Stanton, T.R. Hammar, K.W. Doherty, N.J. Copley, J. Zhang, D. Benjamin Reeder, and M.C. Benfield, "Measurements of the material properties of live marine organisms and their influences on the signatures of the acoustic scattering", IEEE Oceans 2000 Symposium, Providence (September).
2000 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Broadband acoustic backscattering by alewife fish", CICOR Meeting, Woods Hole, MA, (September).
2000 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Broadband acoustic backscattering by alewife fish", WHOI's Associates Meeting, Woods Hole, MA, (September).
2000 Reeder, D. Benjamin, "Broadband acoustic backscattering by alewife fish", "Oceanography: The Making of a Science" Colloquium, Woods Hole, MA, (March).


text:
Grapevine communications
film = story + spectacle
Long, long ago John Donne suggested that "No man is an island, entire of itself", tapping a theme of co-operation and mutual interdependence that echoes down the centuries.
While the heroic individual can sometimes manage great feats, most of mankind's more significant achievements have been the result of collaborative activity. From the pyramids to the moon landing, the heavy lifting gets done better and faster when teams share the load.
Even that remarkable individual Isaac Newton was careful to make sure that the role of his predecessors was fully acknowledged, writing that "if I have seen further it is only by standing on the shoulders of giants" - a tribute to the power of education and learning, and to the importance of a community of fellow specialists.
In the modern era, organisations large and small are responsible for so much of what we humans manage.
For all of those organisations, alongside the central skills of communicating clearly to customers, regulators and the broader public, there are crucial management tasks of getting the staff to know just what they are expected to do, making sure they have the skills, equipment and and motivation needed, and then ensuring that they perform as required.
Engineering signals or negotiating understanding ?
Ideas about how to manage and how to communicate can be tightly interwoven.
One reasonably well known film director was very pleased to achieve notoriety with his dictum "a team effort is a lot of people doing what I say". Top-down, one-way messages can be speedy and efficient - and sometimes essential in a crisis. But this type of communication is more prone to error or misunderstanding, and does not help with peer-to-peer support, nor with the gathering and reporting of information from an organisation's "front lines" of customer contact, production, buying, service and sales through to the senior managers responsible for strategy.
Accordingly, many organisations take a more nuanced approach, realising that an "engineering" model of communications (where a message is reliably encoded, transmitted and received complete with feedback and error correction procedures) is helpful but incomplete.
This misses much of the subtlety of human interaction, which is perhaps more adequately understood through an appreciation of how both "sender" and "receiver" construct an understanding of their worlds, and of how they interpret the actions and signals they receive from others, including formal communications.
Where "sender" and "receiver" worlds are very different - which in multicultural, diverse, unequal modern societies, can often be the case - then great care is needed to construct communications which are adequately acceptable and credible both to the originator and to the receiver.
Formal and informal structures
Often, organisations deliver top-down communications via speeches, sound-bites, memos, e-mails, web sites, notice boards, videos, manuals and procedures to what is imagined or hoped to be a receptive workforce.
At the better end, local line managers can be responsible for "cascading" - interpreting and gaining acceptance for messages from the top - to those they supervise. By this means, it is imagined that a tightly controlled central "line" can be devised, delivered and accepted.
Yet to the staff, this leaves a vacuum. Often people are well aware of much of the context surrounding the organisation that they work for. The management "line", unless it acknowledges, explains and shows a route forward from what is seen as the reality of the current situation, may be disregarded as spin.
In these circumstances, gossip and rumour can flourish. The friendships, informal relationships, peer support and day-to-day channels for improvisation which so helpfully make up an organisation's informal structure, can come to take too prominent a role.
If "nature abhors a vacuum", then a shortage of reliable information on things like adaptations to changing market conditions, job losses, restructuring, new products, investment plans, alliances and mergers, or any other aspect of the business environment might well represent that vacuum for your organisation.
People care, they will speculate, and in the absence of good information, such speculation, rumour and bad information will circulate.
It is important to keep communications channels open, to keep the messages sent through those channels credible, and to deal with the issues that concern people in all parts of the organisation.
What is grapevine communication ?
Grapevine communication is a term for the information, gossip, rumour and speculation that flows through the set of informal structures that sustain organisations.
Very often, messages received in this way will have high credibility. This is information swapped by people who may, like mushrooms, be used to being kept in the dark and regularly dosed with fertiliser, but the relatively trusted status of information from friends and colleagues is evident. People evaluate information received based partly on who is supplying it and their previous honesty or reliability.
Working with the grapevine - delivering enough satisfactory, reliable information to the formal and informal communications structures to forestall rumour and meet staff information needs - is central to effective corporate communications. "Scaring them into submission" with heavy-handed restatements of the company line in defiance of inconvenient realities might gain you token deference in public, but it will do nothing at all for staff motivation, performance or the bottom line.
Water cooler moments
It's far from uncommon for better organisations to be aware of the importance of these informal communications networks, and to seek to encourage them.
One large research centre I covered, with something more than 3,000 scientists arranged in a cluster of buildings, had taken this into account even from the stage of the design of the buildings.
Labs were housed along both sides of relatively short, central corridors. Where corridors converged, these corners were widened and designed as "nodes" - meeting spaces, with seating and coffee facilities - so that people working in those areas would have plenty of opportunity for regular, informal contact.
The architects and the senior scientists had together planned for this collection of deliberate, informal spaces The history of research discoveries had shown how important these seemingly serendipitous, informal contacts can be in facilitating those ground-breaking, eureka moments so important to scientific progress.
Another example is a global multinational which, not untypically, links its graduate recruitment with its continuing management development programme.
Care and attention in selecting recruits and bringing them together is followed by a series of rotations or post changes. The company's thinking is that those that they can hold on to will have good connections right across their relevant business areas - fast access to relevant expertise, outside of formal organisational structures.
I was privileged to witness this producing brilliant dividends in the speedy, efficient development of network performance analysis and monitoring tools, as those carefully nurtured informal structures enabled the team in charge to find and pull in the specialist support it needed faster and more effectively than had seemed possible to those in charge.
The natural human tendency to connect, to form friendship groups and communities, is perhaps part of the reason for the spectacular successes of, first, Friends Reunited and then more recently Bebo, Myspace Facebook and to some extent Linkedin.
This is technology working with the grain of the things many of us want to do. While the platforms and forums will no doubt continue to change, the underlying social impulses probably will not. These patterns of connectedness of course form the pathways for informal communications to flourish. The office grapevine is likely to grow stronger.
Few organisations (in free societies) are likely to succeed in controlling or policing these technologies, and attempts to do so must pay careful attention to staff morale. Organisations will have to learn how to make use of, to work with these trends and tools.
Information pyramids
Information leaks.
Now more than ever, messages prepared for one audience will reach many other audiences. Old style, divide and deceive communications tactics are already struggling in the face of better, faster mass media and these enhanced networking and communications technologies. These trends are likely to strengthen.
Saying one thing to one audience and something contradictory to another is increasingly coming back to haunt communicators. Any short -term advantage (and this deceptive style has always offered quick, sweet gratification) will be far outweighed by the longer-term damage to reputation, brand, integrity.
Audiences learn ; one keenly sought lesson is who can be trusted. So organisations really have to do what they should always have done: tell the truth. Find a way to prepare your message, so that is reliable, consistent and credible.
For many audiences, a headline or slogan will be enough. For others, a little more detail will be necessary to bring the message home - solid but still light. And when things matter most, you'll need a fully worked out, logically consistent set of messages, with as much relevant evidence as can be pieced together; material you could take to a select committee, regulator or court if challenged. If your message fails the "bad science" test, your audiences will gradually find out, and your reputation, credibility and influence will leak away.
Command and control or engage and persuade?
Sadly perhaps, the limitations of "shock and awe" as an alternative to winning hearts and minds as a strategic approach have been all too apparent in recent times. And if power tends to corrupt, then perhaps we need to look to the founding fathers for inspiration, and ensure a proper regard for all individuals along with a careful separation of powers.
Even within much of the British armed forces, sometimes wrongly regarded as examples of dictatorial control, the ideas of mindless obedience and one-way communication belong deep in the past, if they ever truly held sway.
Working with the military, I have been struck by how well their "chain of command" communications system sometimes works, with messages flowing in both directions, appropriate respect from senior officers for the input and skills of their subordinates, and respect by those subordinates for the decisions their senior officers take. And, when needed, swift and effective action.
Within all organisations, it takes a balance between control and supervision on the one hand and motivation and encouragement on the other to ensure that staff buy in to what's expected of them, and don't fall prey to other temptations.
Communications, day by day as well as in the course of staff development and training, are of course central to achieving that balance.
All of which lies somewhere behind the way I happened on my trading name, when a production manager putting together another sizeable studio and location shoot for me felt that she needed something more official-sounding than "working for freelance producer Michael Smith" for her bookings.
That, of course, and because according to Noel Coward, "it's amazing how potent cheap music can be". Thanks to Marvin Gaye.
My aim here is to deliver reliable, credible, interesting corporate communications, whether to staff, to customers, or to wider publics. To deliver material that can work with the grapevine, not against it.
The kind of communications that have a real chance to "go viral" - interesting, about something, pithily expressed, and reliable. If your audiences will pay attention and give credit to your messages, then you have a chance to put across the points you want and need to make.
Contact Grapevine Communications for ideas and costings for your communications needs.
Grapevine roots
Of course there are many sources for this. Some useful starting points include
Aristotle's On rhetoric
Still fresh today. Is this the earliest surviving text showing sharp awareness of the need to develop communications specifically to persuade and adapted to suit particular audiences?
Shakespeare's Othello source
Alongside the jealousy theme, this masterpiece brings out the dangerous power of rumour and hearsay, if unchecked and untested. Truly an exploration of how informal communications channels can be exploited.
The Hawthorne effect - various authors
This famous series of studies of industrial activity and productivity from the early 20th century produced many rich insights - not least, the realisation that formal "time and motion" methods and top-down control were not lastingly effective in improving performance. The importance of the "experimental effects" seems fundamental .Was it the increased attention and fuller respect given to the experimental subjects which produced the productivity gains? Certainly this research seems to demonstrate that the informal and social aspects of the work environment were of far greater impact than the choice of time-and-motion method in improving group performance.
More from Gillespie, Richard, Manufacturing Knowledge: A history of the Hawthorne experiment
Irving Goffman's Asylums
This study of the closed world of a mental health institution is significant for the way it draws out and examines the realities of the informal worlds of inmates and staff, and how these do or do not align with the official, formal processes. Seminal. case study
Professor Richard Titmuss' The Gift Relationship
This thorough examination of the social and economic values and meanings surrounding the ways that British and US health authorities sought supplies of blood for their medical centres has, like Asylums, had far wider impact and significance than its subject might have suggested. A clear evocation of social worlds where money is not an effective or efficient motivator, and an insight into ways of communicating need and touching on human altruism.
Eric Berne's Games People Play.
From the father of transactional analysis, if that's not too child-like a title! This accessible little book was a cornerstone in the development of a new way of looking at human relationships and a new style of therapy, and brings unusual insights into how we behave. Intriguing. Does your organisation treat its audiences adult to adult, or is it locked into a parent-to-adult conflict cycle ...?
Various, including Festinger, Sherif, Asch - Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
A tendency to conform to perceived group norms (often apparently without realising it) is predicted by cognitive dissonance theory, and has been reported in a large and varied body of studies, including early works by Sherif. Of course, which groups the subject identifies with can be a crucial factor; informal communications approaches might seek to align "the grapevine" with the organisation.
Robert Cialdini's Influence: Science and Practice
This easy to read study combines academic research with observations from everyday life to produce a fascinating essay on some current dominant models for influencing people. Strictly "off topic" but full of relevant insight.
Professor Simon - satisficing, and the less than perfectly rational manager or worker
Very influential extension of economic theory beyond its starting constraints of "perfect rationality". Built on reports of extended observations of people at work, which showed that managers (and workers) often do not behave as classical microeconomic theory would suggest, Simon posits limits to the rationality of humans even in a work setting, and explores likely consequences for the behaviour of people in organisations and for economic theory.
Bowles & Gintis A Cooperative Species: Human Reciprocity and Its Evolution A look at human evolution taking account of observed and observable cooperative behaviour.
And some recent search-related thoughts
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2008/07/is-google-making-us-stupid/6868/
http://www.mbaknol.com/business-communication/grapevine-communication-and-its-features/


text:
Op zondag 25 mei vonden in België 6 verschillende verkiezingen plaats:
 Europese Parlementsverkiezingen
 Federale verkiezingen
 Vlaamse verkiezingen
 Waalse verkiezingen
 Brusselse verkiezingen
  Duitstalige verkiezingen

Het was van 1999 geleden dat al deze verkiezingen op dezelfde dag plaatsvonden. De term moeder aller verkiezingen die toen in de media gebruikt, wordt ook gebruikt voor de verkiezingen van 2014.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We have developed a multimedia structured reporting system that creates a patient lifetime graph which can enhance the practice of diagnostic radiology.
We have developed a multimedia structured reporting system that is applicable to not only diagnostic radiology but other medical specialities including pathology, gastroenterology, oncology, radiation therapy, and surgery. The system works by capturing key images from any diagnostic or therapeutic process, tagging each image with metadata using an ontology, and assembling a multimedia structured report. The system can link image findings from serial exams derived from any medical discipline in unique graphical disease timelines. Finally, the sytem produces a patient lifetime graph which shows major medical events against a background of disease response criteria (e.g., Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, RECIST).
Review of prior imaging exams, clinical information, and disease response criteria during a radiologist's analysis of new imaging exams can be a tedious and time-consuming process. We have developed a multimedia structured reporting system and patient lifetime graph concept that enables the rapid review of past medical events against a background of disease response criteria. We believe that this technology will improve the efficiency and accuracy of radiology reporting, and hence improve a radiologist's value in the healthcare enterprise.


I'm writing a joint review for these products, because I think they're the perfect pair! Jane Iredale's Lash Conditioner and her mascara are easily summed up as the lash products I have been waiting for all my life. (What? Some girls wait for princes, I wait for mascaras. Priorities, priorities.) I cannot be more pleased with these two, and I say this with LOTS of experience in the mascara department. So allow me to break it down and give you the skinny (or, in this case, the fat—talk about volume)!
Usually I'm neutral about lash conditioners. I happen to be a very lucky lady with long and curly black lashes (even though I have pretty much no eyebrows). So I go more for mascara than for any kind of conditioner. But this one changed my mind. The unique formula coats lashes and tips them off with small extensions. It goes on white, which means you cannot wear it alone, but this also makes it super easy to coat them in an even black tone.
The conditioner applies just like a mascara, which is nice. The formula also is similar, which is different from most conditioners—which apply more like gels and are too liquidy for my taste. Au contraire, no more goopy blobs! Also, while long term the conditioner is supposed to help lashes grow and thicken, the short term effects are instant and awesome. The feathery extensions that automatically attach themselves to your existing lashes are fantastic, and make a huge difference.
As far as mascaras go, I'm pretty picky. I want them to be black, but not goopy. Thicken, but not clump. Lengthen, but not dry out my lashes. And this one really does all of the above. Since it's the same brand as the conditioner, when you use the mascara over the white extensions, you get fabulously long lashes. They look fake, in fact. Where the conditioner extends and smooths, the mascara picks up by curling and thickening. It goes on really slick—not too liquidy, not too dry. This is a godsend for ladies who hate flaky mascaras. The color is nice and dark, but doesn't give you spidery lashes.
Overall? I cannot say enough good things about this duo. There hasn't been a match this perfect since…well, I can't even think of any famous duos that have anything on my mascara. Try it for yourself and see how many people mistake you for wearing falsies!