text:
Q: How to choose what argument a variable is assigned to in a function? -Javascript Given a normal function as such;
function descriptions(awesome, cool, alright){
   return (awesome || "no one") + " is awesome. " + cool + " is cool. " +
     + alright + " is alright";
}
descriptions("jane", "jack", "jefferson");
//returns "jane is awesome. jack is cool. jefferson is alright."

I would like to use the same function, but would only like to pass it the final two arguments like so:
descriptions(cool : "john", alright : "jane"); //I would like a statement similar to this that works.
//should return "no one is awesome. jack is cool. jefferson is alright."

How would the above be done?

A: Something different syntactically but similar semantically might be achieved using object destructuring
function descriptions({ awesome = 'no one', cool, alright }) {
    return awesome + " is awesome. " + cool + " is cool. " +
     + alright + " is alright";
}

Then you just invoke it with an object with corresponding properties:
descriptions({ cool: 'a', alright: 'b'});

A: That is not possible in any variety of ECMAScript (including JavaScript).
It is theoretically possible to do things like use conditional, custom logic:
function(a,b,c){
   if(arguments.length === 1) {
      // we're in object mode;
      b = a.b
      c = a.c
      a = a.a || 'default';
   }
}

But that is not a built in part of the language.
This is NOT possible, for example:
function foo(a,b,c){return a/(b || 1) + c;}
foo({c:1,b:2,a:3})

There is also the possibility to conditionally define values based on number of arguments:
function say (a,b,c) {
   if(arguments.length === 2) {
      c = b;
      b = a;
      a = 'cat';
   }
   console.log('a ' + a + ' likes a ' + b + ' and a ' + c)
}
say('dog', 'bone', 'walk') // a dog likes a bone and a walk
say('mouse', 'bowl of milk') // a cat likes a mouse and a bowl of milk

A: Yes you can certainly achieve this!
You can use a clever trick many developers use to set a variable to a default value if one is not provided.
function descriptions(awesome, cool, alright){
awesome = awesome || "";
if (awesome === "")
{
    return "no one" + " is awesome. " + cool + " is cool. " +
 + alright + " is alright";
}
else{
    return awesome + " is awesome. " + cool + " is cool. " +
 + alright + " is alright";
}

}
console.log(descriptions(undefined, "jack", "jefferson"));

Here is the working code. You could also pass an empty string.

A: In ECMAScript 6, this can sort of be done if you change your parameters to receive an object and take advantage of destructuring assignment.

function descriptions({awesome: awesome = "no one", cool: cool = "", alright: alright = ""} = {}) {
     return awesome + " is awesome. " +
            cool + " is cool. " +
            alright + " is alright";
}

var res = descriptions({ cool: "john", alright: "jane" });

document.body.textContent = res;

So we have someone of an emulation of named parameters. Only thing extra needed by the caller is the curly braces.
Of course browser support is limited, but transpilers are available.

A: You can do this by passing an object:
function descriptions(info) {
    // Avoid TypeError if no argument is passed
    if (!info) {
        info = {};
    }

    return (info.awesome || "no one") + " is awesome. " + (info.cool || "no one") + " is cool. " + (info.alright || "no one") + " is alright.";
}

// Use:
console.log(descriptions({
    awesome: "Strong Bad",
    cool: "The Cheat",
    alright: "Strong Sad"
}));

A: You could use a different approach:
var coolLevels = {
  isCool: ["Jack", "John"]
, isAlright: ["Jane", "Jefferson"]
, isAwesome: []
}

function describe(people, coolLevel, phrase) {
  return people.filter(function(person){
    return Boolean(coolLevel.indexOf(person))
  }).join(", ") + phrase
}

function descriptions(people){
  var awesome = describe(people, coolLevels.isAwesome, ' is awesome.')
  var cool = describe(people, coolLevels.isCool, ' is cool.')
  var alright = describe(people, coolLevels.isCool, ' is alright.')

  return awesome + cool + alright
}

demo: https://jsbin.com/kahawuhelu/edit?js,console,output

A: You can pass undefined, null or "" as the first parameter. E.g:
descriptions(null, "jack", "jefferson");

Since you already use awesome || "no one", any falsy value will be good enough.

Another approach would be changing the function to receive an object:
function descriptions(options) {
  return (options.awesome || "no one") + " is awesome. " + options.cool + " is cool. " +
    options.alright + " is alright";
}

descriptions({ cool: "jack", alright: "jefferson" });

Now, depending on your browser support, you can use ES6 destructuring parameters:
const descriptions = ({ awesome = 'no one', cool, alright }) => (
  `${awesome} is awesome. ${cool} is cool. ${alright} is alright`
);

descriptions({ cool: 'jack', alright: 'jefferson' });

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If your old car is one more bad gear shift away from giving up, you are a tricky position. Of course, you would love to buy a brand new car, but it isn't so easy in reality. New cars cost money, and you are going to need a lot of cash before you can scrap your old banger. If you don't have the cash, however, how are you going to finance the purchase? Don't worry because there are still a lot of options available.
The majority of times the car looks like it is on its last legs, but it still has plenty of life left. It is important to remember that because it gives you a lot more options. If you don't need to buy a car straight away, for example, you can always finance it the old fashioned way and save up over a period. It isn't easy and it isn't a quick solution, but it won't leave you in piles of debt.
If you need a car quickly, you need a loan because that is the only source of income that will inject the amount of cash you need promptly. There are some companies like Revolution Finance that specialise in low cost and affordable loans for cars and vehicles. Or, you can go to the bank and ask for a loan. There are some pros and cons to each that are worth noting before you make a decision. Whatever avenue you choose, a loan is a possible alternative.
Asking family and friends isn't easy. First and foremost, you have to swallow your pride and pluck up the courage to ask. It is understandable that you want to look independent and fend for yourself. But, if they have the money, it is better than lending from external sources. There is no interest and a lot of flexibility with the repayments.
Finance is a bit of a modern option that has increased in popularity over the past five years. It amounts to renting the car for a period until you can pay it off. Once you have paid the total amount, the car is yours. So, instead of paying a lump sum upfront, you can stagger the payments over a couple of years to make it more affordable. Plus, you can always sell it back to the lender at the end of the contract to break even.
If you do have a bit of cash but not much, shop around for the best deal. It might not be the car you want, and it might not be in great condition, but it will get you from one point to another. If you are desperate, shopping around for the cheapest option could be a lifesaving alternative, metaphorically speaking.
Trade in your old car to take away from the price of the new one. Get it valued and then start the negotiations with the dealer. It could save you a fortune.
With these options, you can have the new car that you fully deserve.


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"Beauty is the promise of Happiness ?"
"The Reinforcement Axiom Under Sequential Positional Rules "


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Review: Beauty Awakened by Gena Showalter
Posted February 22, 2013 by Jen in 3.5 stars, Paranormal Romance, Rating B, Reviews Tags: Angels of the Dark series, Gena Showalter, Harlequin, HQN-Harlequin Publishing, Jen Review, Lords of the Underworld
Beauty Awakened
Author: Gena Showalter
Release Date: Feb. 26, 2013
Publisher: Harlequin HQN
Angels of the Dark #2
His name is Koldo. He is scarred, powerful, his control legendary-and he lives only for vengeance, determined to punish the angel who viciously removed his wings. But if he yields to the forces of hatred, he will be kicked from the heavens, eternally damned.
She is his last hope. Nicola Lane was born with a defective heart, yet this fragile human shows surprising strength as demons stalk her every move, determined to end her. She is the key to Koldo's deliverance…and his downfall. Though he fights duty, destiny and his first addictive taste of desire, his toughest battle will be the one for Nicola's life-even if he has to sacrifice his own…
What I'm talking about:
Beauty Awakened opens with brief prologue that offers a slice of life from our hero, Koldo's childhood. The images aren't pretty. His mom is a Sent One (like an angel) and his dad is a Nefas, a barbaric, demon-esque race. Koldo's mother physically, emotionally, and mentally abused him, culminating with the cutting off of his wings at the age of seven. Then she sent him to his father where he was brutally tortured for eleven years.
Flash forward to present day where Koldo is one of the members of the heavenly "Army of Disgrace," a group of desperate and dangerous beings known as Sent Ones, each whose status with the heavenly plane is in serious jeopardy. Koldo is dispatched on a mission to kill a specific demon tormenting a man in a hospital when he sees and becomes captivated by Nicola Lane, a woman who has two demons attached to her. Nicola is visiting her very ill twin, who has been infested by a demon. One look and he knew he had to help save her.
There is a lot that happens within the course of Beauty Awakened. First, there is Koldo and Nicola's budding romance and his attempts to save Nicola and her sister. Then there is Koldo's desire for revenge against his mother and the sudden reappearance of his father's people–messing with Koldo and those he cares about. Finally, the story follows a handful of the other members of the "Army of Disgrace" as they try and track down some very nasty killers. Although it feels like a lot to keep straight, Ms. Showalter does a pretty good job of keeping the story moving forward, with most of the pieces coming together for a satisfying conclusion. The one exception to this is the side story centering on three of the Sent Ones: Thane, Xerxes and Bjorn. While I felt that the events surrounding the trio will ultimately prove critical to the overall story arc and future stories, it felt out of place in Koldo's story.
I enjoyed watching Koldo and Nicola grow as individuals and witness their budding romance. Koldo has a clear plan for Nicola… teaching her to live with joy and not focus on negativity. He tells her all about demons and the Sent Ones. (In fact, there is a rather lengthy explanation of the series mythology, which has its roots in Christianity.) Yet for most of the book, he walked a fine line himself, and he didn't seem to realize it. It was Nicola that helped him learn to love and forgive just as much as he helped her – which made reading about their relationship very enjoyable.
Koldo is completely open and honest, and isn't too wise when it comes to dealing with human emotions. Again, this actually makes the book better when Koldo and Nicola have a heart-to-heart. In one particular instance, Nicola had agreed to go on a date with a coworker, more for the benefit of getting her sister out and about. Instead of it ending up as a huge misunderstanding and a contrived way to introduce conflict, Nicola and Koldo were honest about their budding feelings. It gave me hope and allowed me to care for them and become emotionally invested.
As I mentioned earlier, there is a lot happening in this book. One key plot line centers around Koldo's mother. In the previous book, Wicked Nights, Koldo hunted down and captured his mother. This storyline continues in Beauty Awakened, and Koldo must decide if his revenge is worth his own happiness. Although the story played out fairly predictably, it was Nicola's reaction and actions that stood out and made the journey more intimate in the end.
There are other excellent character interactions, with my favorite being between Koldo and Axel. The pair learned how to have fun and be lighthearted during serious times. And speaking of Axel… there is a hint about a potential reveal dealing with one of my favorite Lord of the Underworld characters, William! And William isn't the only LotU character to make an appearance in this story.
Overall, I enjoyed Beauty Awakened, but the ending kind of ruined it some. The whole battle scene was just too easy. And, while I have no issues with what happened to Nicola (spoiler-free), things happened way too quickly. (Nicola was always a fighter throughout her life, so it was good to see that manifest in her new role established at the end of the book.) Then toss into the mix a scene referencing Kane (LotU) and the "extra" scenes dealing with Thane, Xerxes and Bjorn (which left the reader with a bit of a cliffhanger ending). Finally, I felt let down with how things ended involving Axel because I felt his importance throughout the story was diminished by the final scenes.
Overall, I enjoyed Koldo and Nicola. Their romance was sweet, and I liked the pace, which was on the slower side, but appropriate given the circumstances. I loved how honest they were with each other. I admired the message of joy defeating the "toxins" from the demons. Honestly, we could all use some happiness!
Liked it – recommend (B+)
Beauty Awakened (Book 2)
Wicked Nights (Book 1)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Research + Discovery
Multi-Family + Mixed-Use
Welcome to "Good, Thoughtful Hosts,"
an insightful new design podcast.
On Good, Thoughtful Hosts, Sarah Steimer explores the built environment on the notion that a designer's role is to anticipate the needs of their guests. Join us to dig into the ways in which the built world can influence people's feelings and experiences — and how. Beyond the traditional requisites of form and function, hear firsthand from architects, engineers, planners, and more on how they imbue designs with health, well-being, user experience, and other modern priorities.
Interviews and discussions will include project case studies, profiles of designers, trend reports, and much, much more. Watch the 60-second season 1 teaser now.
"The role of the designer is that of a very good, thoughtful host, anticipating the needs of his guests."
Beginning June 1, 2022, new episodes will be published every other Wednesday. You can find Good, Thoughtful Hosts on SoundCloud, Stitcher, Apple, Google, Spotify, and Pocket Casts. Or listen to and read transcripts from past episodes in our Episode Log.
Who You're Hearing
Our moderator, Sarah Steimer, is a Chicago-based writer and editor. She's collaborated with Cushing Terrell since 2020 and is thrilled to be interviewing CT experts on the Good, Thoughtful Hosts podcast.
Our composer, Sam Clapp, is a musician and audio engineer living in Chicago. He co-directs Cue Shop, a music library and scoring co-op that produces provocative instrumental music for radio and film.
Episode Log
#114: Bonus Episode -- A Chat With Your Host (12/8/2022)
Sarah Steimer
WAIT! Before closing out the year, we'd like to share a postscript episode with a twist — moderator Sarah Steimer becomes a guest on her own show. A producer spins the mic around and asks a bit about Sarah as a person, her takeaways from season one, and a quick preview of what to expect from next year's sophomore effort.
About Our Guest
Now unable to go anywhere in the world without being recognized as the beloved moderator of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, Sarah Steimer is also a veteran journalist, editor, and all-around curious human. A resident of Chicago, Sarah spends her off-hours taking care of her new pup, Dottie, seeing live music, and traveling.
Link: Episode Transcript
#113: Microgrids and Resilient Energy with Alan Bronec and Nathan Bronec (11/2/2022)
Alan Bronec
Nathan Bronec
In our final episode of the first season of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, we're focusing on the U.S. energy infrastructure. We'll speak with engineers Alan and Nathan Bronec about the upgrades needed to bring energy grids into the future as systems age and needs grow. They'll walk us through the types of modern power solutions available, along with a few examples.
A 25-year veteran with the firm, Alan Bronec is an electrical engineer and director of Cushing Terrell's Infrastructure team. His favorite projects involve alternative energy and mission-critical attributes, and he has deep experience designing micro-hydro and combined heat and power generation systems, photovoltaic arrays, data centers, and more.
An electrical engineer in training at Cushing Terrell, Nathan Bronec is a project manager specializing in work related to infrastructure and onsite energy generation. As a child following his dad (Alan) around the office, to interning, to being a five-year-tenured team member, Nathan has spent much of his life around Cushing Terrell.
Nathan and Alan jointly mentor their local FIRST Robotics Competition team after Alan filled the role for many years. They both live in Missoula, Montana. Learn more about the duo here.
#112: Interior Design Materials with Jessica Earp and Elna Albano (10/19/2022)
Good, Thoughtful Hosts · Healthy Interior Design Materials with Jessica Earp and Elna Albano
Jessica Earp
Elna Albano
On this episode of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, we chat with Cushing Terrell interior designers Jessica Earp and Elna Albano about how the materials used in buildings could be harmful to either the environment or the end user. We discuss the materials library red list, how to be a leader in healthy materials, and more. We delve into the practice of using human-friendly and environmentally-friendly materials, and how this means considering the process by which the items are made and the effects they may have once in our spaces.
International Living Future Institute's Red List
Design For Freedom
Mindful Materials
Jessica Earp, NCIDQ, IIDA, LEED Green Associate, an Atlanta native turned Seattleite, was educated in interior design at Valdosta State University and Savannah College of Art and Design. She has amassed broad experience on an array of project types but currently primarily supports commercial and retail projects with a focus on workplace design. As a member of Cushing Terrell's Green Advocacy Council, Jess is passionate about responsible, sustainable material sourcing and embedding sustainable thought, action, and education in her work.
Elna Albano, a lifelong Idahoan — raised in Island Park, educated in Moscow, and currently living in Boise — is a lover of the outdoors and interior design. On behalf of Cushing Terrell, she has provided design insights to a broad spectrum of client types from healthcare providers to hotels to retailers — to her primary focus, corporate offices. Elna has a passion for sustainability and the environment, and is highly conscientious about the effects of design on human well-being and happiness.
#111: Affordable Housing with Randy Rhoads, Part 2 (10/5/2022)
In the second of our two-part series on affordable housing with Randy Rhoads, an architect and the Executive Director of Affordable Housing for Cushing Terrell, we'll discuss the wide-ranging effects of having an affordable place to live. This creates a strong foundation on which to build — in both an individual and a community sense — that touches job opportunities, discretionary spending, fewer evictions, healthier populations, and improved government infrastructure.
But before you listen to Part 2, check out Part 1 of Sarah's interview with Randy.
Randy Rhoads has more than three decades of experience in the design of residential, commercial/retail, educational, and governmental/institutional projects. Over the course of his career, Randy has been the lead architect for more than 32 tax credit developments, overseeing the design and construction of over $1 billion in development costs; and has been responsible for leading the design of over 6,000 mixed-income, multi-family, and elderly apartment units in 14 cities across the United States. He is a member of the Congress for the New Urbanism and holds a Bachelor of Architecture degree from Kansas State University.
#110: Psychology in Architecture with Joel Anderson (9/21/2022)
We're chatting with Cushing Terrell Design Director and architect Joel Anderson about how psychology is used in design. We'll focus on how to incorporate four elements in particular: coherence, complexity, legibility, and mystery — and how when any one of those pieces is missing, it can make the space feel out of sorts. We use environmental cues to move people through a space, but we must also learn about a user's environmental preferences and respond to them.
Joel's design work focuses on sustainability, context, and culture, and his experience spans a variety of building typologies. Currently, he co-leads Cushing Terrell's R&D program, helping the firm focus on sustainable design goals and actionable progress towards improving the built environment. He regularly guest-teaches and lectures at his alma mater, the Illinois Institute of Technology. Joel's certifications include AIA, NCARB, and LEED AP BD+C, and he is licensed in seven states.
#109: Post-Occupancy Evaluations with Raelynn Meissner (9/7/2022)
Rather than just walk away from a project once completed, there's a review process that can occur called a post-occupancy evaluation. These employ both quantitative (hard data) and qualitative (survey) information to allow for a continual state of learning for both the design team and the client. They can help us determine how the space is actually being used, what improvements can be made in future iterations of a design, and how to use these lessons to further knowledge sharing.
Interested in learning more? Check out this Q&A with Raelynn and this brief summary of what to expect from a POE.
Based in Billings, Montana, mechanical engineer Raelynn Meissner joined Cushing Terrell in 2004 following graduation from the University of Wyoming with an Architectural Engineering degree. She has spent the bulk of her career focusing on sustainable design and high-performance buildings, with specific expertise in building energy studies and analysis, LEED building certifications, and design of a variety of mechanical systems for building types including offices, schools, visitor centers, hospitals, data centers, and more.
Sustainable and energy-efficient design is a passion for Raelynn. A LEED-AP since 2005 and has been involved with 30+ LEED project certifications. Raelynn is also a GBI Guiding Principles Compliance Professional and has worked on projects pursuing smart building strategies, the Living Building Challenge, and Net Zero Energy goals.
#108: Land Use with Keith Walzak, Part 3: How We Do It Right (8/24/2022)
In the third and final installment of our three-part series on land use and urban sprawl, we're once again chatting with Keith Walzak, Cushing Terrell's Director of Planning and Landscape Architecture. We'll start by talking about what the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act means for climate change and the built environment, as well as the benefits of developing for density — particularly mixed-use development. We'll also cover the importance of accessibility in land use, particularly how a 15-minute walkable city can benefit ourselves and our environment.
Check out the first two episodes of the series on public perception and financial incentives.
An urban planner and landscape architect, Keith engages community members and leaders, non-profit organizations, public agencies, and private developers to promote healthy and creative placemaking opportunities for communities of all sizes. He is passionate about addressing complex issues such as resiliency and climate change, equity, housing affordability, homelessness, neighborhood gentrification and community revitalization, and delivery systems affecting sustainable urban infrastructure. Keith has been affiliated with the Urban Land Institute (ULI), Congress For New Urbanism, Habitat For Humanity, and many other agencies.
#107: Land Use with Keith Walzak, Part 2: Financial Incentives (8/17/2022)
In the second of our three-part series on land use with Keith Walzak, Director of Planning and Landscape Architecture at Cushing Terrell, we get into the financial incentives (or disincentives) to urban sprawl. We discuss how local policies, lending practices, and financial risks all shape whether developers choose to build outward or explore greener options. For example, single-family home types are more likely to be subsidized, and local policy sometimes favors the annexation of more land.
We'll also explore how city plans can provide financial incentives such as tax credits, tax breaks, and other tools to guide developers to consider infill, adaptive reuse, and other more environmentally-friendly alternatives.
But before you begin, be sure to check out the first episode of the series:
#106: Land Use with Keith Walzak, Part 1: Public Perception.
#106: Land Use with Keith Walzak, Part 1: Public Perception (8/10/2022)
No matter what part of the country you live in, you've likely seen previously untouched land be developed in the name of a new housing development, school, or shopping center. And while the demand for such facilities may exist, this type of sprawl can be problematic for the environment.
In the first of a three-part series on urban sprawl, we talk with Keith Walzak, Cushing Terrell's Director of Planning and Landscape Architecture, about how public perceptions play a role in how we develop outward. As Walzak explains, it's easier to imagine how a factory or other large business may be affecting climate change, but a lot harder for Americans to understand how a new subdivision can also do harm to the environment.
Interested in learning more? Read Keith's post about compact, vertical, walkable urban neighborhoods: Reduce, Re-use, Re-imagine: How to Slow Climate Change by Slowing Urban Sprawl
#105: Affordable Housing with Randy Rhoads, Part 1 (7/27/2022)
Much of Randy Rhoads's 30-year career has been a reaction to cold, concrete public housing high rises. According to Rhoads, an architect and the Executive Director of Affordable Housing for Cushing Terrell, the affordable housing of yesteryear cut residents off from their communities, often making the most important resources inaccessible.
As the field has worked to correct course, the resulting homes have made major strides in a number of areas — including the health of residents. Now, these affordable housing developments consider what it means to design for inclusivity, personal wellbeing, and the entire community's physical and mental health. Something as simple as a front porch can connect a resident with their neighbors, the natural environment, and an opportunity to pause.
Interested in reading more? A few additional links from Randy:
Aspen Lumberyard Project: Envisioning What Affordable Housing Can Be
Design for Everyone, Disabled or Not
It bears repeating: "Housing is infrastructure."
The Impacts of Affordable Housing on Health: A Research Summary
#104: Vibe Mapping with Sandi Rudy and Jennifer Moore (7/13/2022)
Sandi Rudy
Jennifer Moore
Vibe mapping sounds like a new-age practice, but it's actually a tool that designers are using to determine where the action happens in a space — and how to better facilitate the tasks at hand. In this episode of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, interior designers Sandi Rudy and Jennifer Moore describe how this human-centered design approach can create office spaces that transition in a way that's most beneficial to its workers.
Sandi Rudy is a native Kansan who moved to Austin after earning a degree in interior design from Kansas State University, with a focus on the behavioral impacts of the built environment. She specializes in designing for commercial and higher education settings, and is an expert in space planning. She joined Cushing Terrell in 2013, serves as the firm's regional head of interior design, and holds LEED ID+C credentials.
Also from Austin, Jennifer Moore attended the Art Institute of Austin (interior design) and joined Cushing Terrell in 2014. Though she's amassed broad experience, she has developed a specialty in commercial office interior design. Jennifer is inspired and driven by the opportunity to design space and shape experience.
#103: Ecological Design Thinking with Dayton Rush (6/29/2022)
The interaction between an office environment and the outside world isn't always obvious (or may not exist at all, if there's no easy access to a window). And while a potted plant on your desk may strike some inspiration, there's a much bigger opportunity to employ ecological design thinking in the spaces in which we work.
In this episode of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, we talk with landscape architect Dayton Rush to learn more about the connection between our natural and built environments. Designing office spaces to better use sunlight, views of the outside world, and other natural elements can help teams work to their fullest potential, while also nurturing our individual wellbeing.
Based in Billings, MT, Dayton Rush is a landscape architect who lives for plants. He has extensive experience with — and loves — roof gardens, greenhouses, living walls, and interior plants. Dayton is also deeply knowledgeable about plant preservation and disease prevention, green infrastructure, and site design. And to round out his plant addiction, he also dabbles with floral arrangement.
#102: Responsible Refrigeration with Nick Doherty (6/15/2022)
Probably haven't thought much about what makes your AC or your refrigerator work, have you? Well, if those systems spring a leak — it's very bad news. On this episode of Good, Thoughtful Hosts, we explore what exactly a refrigerant is, how it can be harmful to the environment if it escapes into the atmosphere, and what some eco-friendly options may be.
Nick is a mechanical engineer who specifies in refrigeration engineering and serves as co-director of Cushing Terrell's Refrigeration service sector. He's a graduate of Montana State University and a lifelong resident of Missoula, MT. His expertise spans virtually all market types but is especially applicable in retail settings.
#101: Adaptive Reuse with Ava Alltmont (6/1/2022)
In our debut episode, we discuss the concept of reimagining existing and sometimes historic structures, a practice known as adaptive reuse. Ava Alltmont, an architect and project manager who leads Cushing Terrell's historic preservation team in New Orleans, helps us better understand what adaptive reuse means, who benefits, and how it all works.
Based in New Orleans, Ava's background is in mixed-use developments, multi-family, hospitality, retail, and education projects, with extensive experience in historic renovations, adaptive reuse, and historic tax credit projects. She serves on the Louisiana state selection committee for the National Register of Historic Places and is a fierce advocate of advancing women in the AEC industry.
#100: Season 1 Teaser
How do you build a better school for tomorrow's leaders? How do you design an office for hybrid work models? How do you combat climate change with a grocery store? Well, if we take a cue from Charles Eames, it's by thinking of that environment's users as your guests. The role of the designer, he once said, is that of a very good, thoughtful host, anticipating the needs of their guests.
In a new podcast from Cushing Terrell, moderator Sarah Steimer will be talking with architects, engineers, and planners about how they can anticipate the needs of others in our built environment. From apartment buildings to supermarkets to entire cities, how are designers ensuring accessibility, inclusivity, sustainability, and basic comfort for a modern world? Join us as we explore how to solve for today by welcoming lessons from the past and visions of the future, playing the role of good, thoughtful hosts.
Join our email list for firm & industry news.
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Ergon Energy urges operators of heavy machinery urged to Look Up and Live after an excavator contacted power lines and disrupted power to 1,858 customers in Andergrove.
Ergon Energy Acting Area Operations Manager Dale Schultz said power lines were brought down behind the Andergrove Caravan Park during the incident which occurred at 4.25 pm.
Ergon crews responded quickly and got the majority of customers back on line by 8.41 pm after isolating the fault area and making safe.
All remaining customers were reinstated by 10.30 pm however Ergon crews worked through to 11.20 pm to complete final repairs.
Mr Schultz stressed the need for operators of heavy machinery to keep a safe distance from any nearby electricity infrastructure and always remain vigilant.
"These types of incidents can and do have serious and sometimes fatal consequences" he said.


Do you have a small faction full of active players but just don't have what it takes to get to the next level? Are you a member of one of these factions looking to trade up? AFU is looking to add players immediately. Individuals and groups are welcome.
If you are a leader of a small faction interested in a merger PM me. I would also suggest that if you are an individual already in a faction looking to trade up that you PM me prior to cutting ties with your current faction. Please include your level, A/D, and IPH stats in the PM. Free agents may simply apply @ 883-720-614.
Limited Spots Available. Join Now!
Hello, I am an officer from the guild Lestatciez. We are wondering if up to 7 of you would consider a merger and join our guild??
We have always ranked in the top 50 and have a couple of top 25s and a top 10. If we can get 7 strong players that participate consistently we could easily rank top 25 regularly or even top 10. We would like to complete a merger of up to 7 strong players by the start of the next war (7/12). We can guarantee you that we will be ranking top 50 or better AND we will be finishing all guild LTQs. Please consider the offer and consult with several of your other members and let us know if you are interested either way since we only have a few days to fill our empty spots.
Sorry for hijacking the thread but we may be able to absorb your entire guild across us if you're interested.
We are 4 sister guilds. Between us we have 20 empty slots.
We should have a guild suitable for most players.
Thank you both for the offers but we are looking to absorb players ourselves.


text:
COBIT 2019 and COBIT 5
IT4IT
ITIL 4 and ITIL V3
TOGAF 9.2
AgileBA
AgilePM
Managing Successful Programmes (MSP)
eLearning Trends
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Preparing for the ITIL 4 Exams
ITIL v3 Exams to Be Discontinued in 2021/22
What Is a Stakeholder in Business?
How Do I Use COBIT® 2019 in a Way That Suits…
Home News & Events Eight Smart Ways to Use Social Media In Universities
Eight Smart Ways to Use Social Media In Universities
By Jamie Scott -
The popular photo and video messaging app can engage students with learning materials in real time. Beryl Jones, a lecturer at the University of Kingston, started using Snapchat at the beginning of the academic year to encourage questions in large lecture theatres.
"It's meant the students are more actively engaged," she explains. "What I hadn't envisaged was them taking screenshots of my slides while in the lecture hall and annotating them before sending to me. They used this to address things they didn't understand, as well as answering the questions I posed."
Essentially an online sticky-note tool, Trello links pictures, videos, and documents in threads that can be shared between group members. The tool organises discussions into boards like Pinterest, so you can pin, share, and curate relevant information.
Six-second, looping videos are all over social media – and they can be a resource for higher education institutions too. They can be used to show off the university campus or promote events, but they're also a great tool for wider engagement.
If an interesting speaker comes to a university, Vines can be used to capture the highlights of the talk, and can be easily shared around the student community (perfect if an event is sold out). Vines also have the potential to go viral and can be shared between different institutions – if there's a keynote in Melbourne, students in London can find clips almost immediately.
This bookmarking service allows users to collect and download article links to curate their own online magazines. Users can follow the curated feeds of other "pocketers", which means that students can link with professors who have publicly shared relevant links and articles. It saves the hassle of a group email and can be updated instantly.
Using collaborative documents isn't a new thing, nor is giving peer feedback on assignments. Mixing them together, however, to enable students to give instant feedback on each other's work, is immensely useful. Google Docs allows tracked editing and comments, which means that students can work in groups in their own time, without having to take part in structured seminars, and the document can be sent to the lecturer for feedback.
Andrew Middleton, head of academic practice and learning innovation at Sheffield Hallam University, has drawn attention to the rise of collaborative working in Google Drive.
He says: "The possibilities to support learning by organising collaborative research activity, underpinned by Google Drive, are endless. And such project-focused learning activities reflect what is happening in the world of employment."
Italk
Primarily used as a recording tool, this is one of the best ways to capture lectures and upload them online, or share via email. There's an option to change the quality of sound recording, and transferring between devices is quick and simple.
Some students are more organised than others, and the disorganised ones can be the bane of their tutors' lives. Organisational app Wunderlist allows students – and lecturers – to create folders for each module, with notes, due dates, comments, contact lists and, perhaps most crucially, reminders of upcoming deadlines.
It's not just for selfies; the image-sharing tool can be harnessed to collect real-time data for coursework. Rather than passively relying on data collected by others, students can engage in their own collection of all kinds of evidence.
Instagram also provides an opportunity for collaboration – students can upload, tag, and comment on pictures on each others' feeds, thus expanding the reach of discussion.
SOURCEThe Guardian
https://www.goodelearning.com
Jamie has been with Good e-Learning now for nearly two years working as the Marketing Executive. With a background in Marketing including an Msc in Business & Consumer Marketing from the University of Liverpool, he's been working across all marketing and sales channels in Good e-Learning. In particular, the exciting work with bespoke course and video production and the Learning Ecosystem. Outside of work he's an avid Arsenal FC fan and has penchant for telling people that Terminator 2 is the best film ever made.
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text:
Q: How set my app as default messaging in android? I want set my app as default messaging app in android 4.4 and above.in my Manifest i have some permission:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />

But when i install my app and i want set for messaging it's Not in Default messaging app list.
How can i see my app in this list? or how can do it pro grammatically?
Edite:
Thanks for links but i can't solve my problem.
I have tried all 4 steps as links mentioned but still I can't see my app in default app messaging list.


The following article was written by Chris Thomas of the Simcoe Times-Reformer on Sept. 30, 1997. Mr. Thomas interviewed series star Paul Henderson. Normally I would supply a direct link to the article, but no link seems to exist.
"The most famous and sought after athlete in Canada over the last several days says the fans made all the difference in the historic 1972 Canada-Russia series.
Paul Henderson, who scored the dramatic last minute winning goal which gave Canada the series and brought a nation to its feet, credited the 3,000 Canadians who accompanied Team Canada to Moscow 25 years ago.
"We wouldn't have won without the fans," Henderson said in a telephone interview with the Times-Reformer last week arranged by his friend Paul Oliver, of Simcoe.
Henderson said the players were "on such a downer" after the first four games leaving the Canadians trailing the series two games to one, with a tie. The sense of superiority of Canadian hockey had been shattered and many people blamed the players, with the notable exception of those who accompanied the team to Russia. Even after losing the fifth game in Moscow, Henderson said the fans were "still cheering us like crazy."
"They'd start singing the Canadian national anthem like crazy and would drown the place out," he said. "It's adversity that binds people together."
With their backs to the wall and the pride of an entire country resting on their shoulders, Team Canada rebounded to win the next three games.
And he never tires of talking about it.
"People's eyes still get big as saucers remembering and I'm always being told new stories about their reaction," he said.
Henderson said he had a premonition while sitting on the bench during the last minute of the game.
"I stood up and yelled and yelled at (Peter) Mahovlich to get off," he said. "I had a sense I had to get out there."
After the goal, he came back to the bench and coach Harry Sinden asked him to stay out of the final 34 seconds.
"I couldn't have done it," Henderson said. "My tank was totally, unequivocally empty."
Henderson, who became a born again Christian in 1975, was asked if he thought there may have been some divine intervention involved.
"I have no idea, but when I get to heaven, one of my first questions will be if God was behind me," he said.
Special thanks to Joseph Nieforth.


Classroom trainings are offered around the globe and course schedules are posted on the Certara website and LMS as long as seats remain available. The classroom trainings are a cost-effective way to facilitate your organization's learning and development goals. Courses are lead by experts in their field and are able to field questions and troubleshoot on the spot to meet individuals' training needs. See below for a full course listing of our classroom courses.
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text:
Bracing Views is dedicated to creative and critical thinking about our world. My goal is to bring clarity to some of the more vexing and perplexing issues that face us as human beings living on an increasingly crowded and fragile world.
On occasion, Bracing Views will feature articles by authors other than the site's creator. The views of these guest authors are obviously their own and do not necessarily reflect my views.
The name "Bracing Views" occurred to me when my wife and I were out for a walk on a chilly January day. A bracing wind was whipping off the water, and I made a comment on it. My wife said, "bracing news" — might be a good name for a site. Not wanting to be tied to the news cycle, I said, maybe "bracing views." And there you have it.
Much like a cold January wind, Bracing Views aims to be brisk, refreshing, and just a bit biting.
13 thoughts on "About Bracing Views"
philastore says:
Like the Gibbous Earth, but put a Blood Moon in there… "Let Them Know Your There"!!!
chiefshamus says:
suggest you enter your best posts in the toner award
http://tonerprogram.syr.edu/2017-entry-form/
wjastore says:
Thanks. Not sure I qualify. The Toner Award appears to be for in-depth reporting; "commentary" is excluded, and most of what I do is commentary.
robert fearn says:
"I ask myself how America today could have become such a land of weapons and warriors, guns and gun exports, prisons and fear, led by a boastful and boorish bullyboy."
Asking this question seems to assume that there was some fair, honest and peaceful America somewhere in the past.
I don't think this was ever true. From the decimation of the aboriginal peoples, to the slavery, the foreign invasions, the racism, needless wars and now the murders, more BS wars and the massive inequality America continues to be the most negative country on this planet. Not understanding this or acknowledging this is one of the reasons America continues to be such a force for evil on this planet.
I don't assume there was an idyllic "fair, honest and peaceful America" in the past. The USA is a country made by war. As you note, crimes against Native Americans, Blacks, immigrants, other minorities, as well as the marginalization of women, and many others remind us that America is a land of great inequality and gross imperfections. But is this not true of most other countries and nations on the planet? Look at the history of France, for example: religious wars, Napoleon, imperialism, French Indochina, Algeria, and of course bloody revolution. Look at the British Empire. Look at Belgium's treatment of the Congo. Look at Soviet domination of Eastern Europe, or Stalin's deliberate starvation of millions in the Ukraine in the 1930s.
When I taught a course on the Holocaust, I came across an encyclopedia dedicated to genocides, sobering testimony to humanity's harsh history around the globe and across the centuries. Armenia, Cambodia, Rwanda — when will it ever end?
So, I wouldn't agree that the USA is "the most negative country on the planet." This certainly isn't true over time. Think of World War II, for example, and the crimes of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan. The USA played a key role in defeating those fascistic and militaristic powers: a proud chapter in our nation's history. Perhaps the Cold War was avoidable, perhaps not, but the USA stood for something better than the totalitarianism practiced by Stalin and his successors. And we might add Mao's China into the mix, and the horrendous human costs of his cultural revolutions. No country, certainly no major power, is pure. All are impure, all are flawed; there are no exceptions.
What saddens me is the way the USA has embraced militarism as well as military action in the aftermath of the Cold War. There was an opportunity c.1990 for the US to walk a different path, but we chose a more bellicose and less wise one, and that mistake is the subject of my recent essay for Tomdispatch.
John Hawk says:
Tulsi in 2020 !
mikestrong33 says:
When I first saw the name I wondered whether this might also have been a bit of word play referencing the extremely rigid form of attention, the military brace. As it is not mentioned I am guessing not. Still, it retains that association for me, having encountered a brace very early on (in Civil Air Patrol, years before joining the Air Force in 1968).
I wasn't thinking of that, though perhaps I tapped into something buried deep in my military subconscious. 🙂
John Marciano says:
"America's Real Red Scare": Bracing indeed and absolutely spot on. Thank you. Have emailed it to all on my political lists.
John Marciano
Talent, OR
How does one email you directly? Think I have in the past but can't bring up your email address. Writing a book on the Cold War with a historian and would love to correspond on mutual concerns. Great site so please stay the course.
rnbeal says:
"losing" wars?
Did the U.S. and allies create violent chaos in countries not fully loyal to and integrated in the dollar hegemony? If so, then it "won" those wars.
Thomas Wanning says:
Dear Professor Astore,
Thank you very much for all the details of which you write in the Death of Peace. The underlying reality all those pixels reveal is so evident to anyone who cares to understand, it makes one weep. The great question, of course is why do so few care? And how can that be changed?
I believe the fundamental reasons are A) that we have all been trained since our first day in Kindergarten to not think, but rather, to fill in the blank. And B) that the whole, massive pyramid that is the military, industrial, congressional etc. complex, rests on military Keynesianism, and that it does not actually matter to our oligarchs and their puppets—whether in Congress in Washington, on an assembly line in Arkansas, a cubicle in Silicon Valley, or a battlefield in Afghanistan—whether we actually win or lose. Only that the pumps stay primed.
This reality is so terrible, it is impossible for most people to accept. Like the one-armed Nazi foot soldier I once heard about who, as Soviet tanks were crashing into Germany, assured his comrades that Hitler was just drawing them in, to crush them.
I am enclosing a two page piece I recently wrote for a small group of activists belonging to the International Socialist Alliance. Their passion is organizing little demonstrations against this or that local manifestation of injustice. They are distinguished from Democratic Socialists by their aversion to electoral politics. This is, of course, perhaps the biggest fault line on the left.
I wrote this in the hope of persuading them to think more deeply about what they are doing. I only just distributed it, and don't know if I will have any success. But this seems to me our fundamental challenge. Just as the Koch Brothers understood that they needed to fundamentally alter the intellectual climate on college campuses across the country, we who hope for peace need to help people see the big picture, and re-think their entire point of view.
Few people are willing to walk into the unknown. In order to change people's minds, we need to paint in broad strokes a credible vision of a better world. Marxist revolution can't cut it. We need to envision something new.
How Socialism Can Triumph!
Socialism is based on the fundamental understanding that we all depend on each other for our common security, welfare, and happiness. That even exiles alone on an island depend on skills acquired while in society. And that there are no true goods that are not of the common good.
Capitalists, nationalists, racists and other "me-firsters" always imagine they are special. That they are above the common herd. That their privilege is reflective of merit, rather than luck. As the rich and powerful have many ways to manipulate what the rest of us read, hear, and think, many believe their propaganda. Especially if in some small way they share—or once shared—in their privilege.
The rich and powerful don't just own Fox News, CNN, NBC, and The NY Times; they strongly influence who writes textbooks, who gets tenure at universities, and thus who sets the limits of allowable opinion. This is especially true in times of increasing inequality, when the doors of opportunity are slamming in peoples' faces.
Whenever there is a huge and widening gap between the haves and the have-nots, those who fear they are falling down the ladder of opportunity need little encouragement to blame not those who are pulling the ladder up, but those who used to be safely below them, but are now competing against them. This is the fundamental reason for the election not just of our current president, but of both Bushes and Reagan, who all fueled the fires of fear and resentment. Even as the pseudo-progressive Clintons and Obama sold us out.
Capitalism means that capitalists rule. Capitalism celebrates cut throat competition and all the lies that justify government give aways to the rich, even as they moralize about the effect of welfare on the poor. Socialism means that every society can set its own rules. Because the demands of capital are everywhere the same, capitalism is everywhere fundamentally alike. Whereas real socialism must differ in every society.
Throughout the long period of our evolution, we survived by virtue of our extraordinary powers of cooperation. We evolved not so much as individuals, but as groups. If our group survived, we survived, even if we were blind, lame, or halt. If our group was destroyed, we were destroyed, no matter how fit we might personally be. We thus evolved to share, care, and take care of each other.
Within our groups, everything was shared. When there was abundance, all feasted. When there was want, all hungered. We thus learned to put the well being of others on a par with, or even ahead of our own. This is the basis of our extraordinary willingness to work, suffer and even die for each other. A trait utterly unknown among other primates. Try to imagine 300 chimpanzees sitting peaceably in a 747 for 20 hours, and then patiently filing out. Or waiting in line to be fed. Or marching into machine gun fire.
What happened? With the development of agriculture and the rise of civilization and war in Mesopotamia 6000 years ago, our willingness to sacrifice was turned on its head. Instead of sacrificing for those we love, we are divided into innumerable nations, factions, castes, clubs, religions and classes, all caught up in the endless quest for dominance. Capitalism is simply the latest form of that terrible, perpetual quest.
Is there nothing we can do?
Our fundamental problem is that we are all profoundly shaped by the systems of domination within which we are all raised. We all learn to compete as best we can, joining cliques to enhance our positions in our various communities, just as we join together in nation states and corporations to enhance our positions in the global pecking order. We thus all recreate in our own lives the very behaviors we decry in our current president. He is merely more extreme. A caricature, but not so unlike us as we would like to believe. This is why his supporters supported him; and why his opponents failed to stop him. He is the mirror of our own worst selves. We have met the enemy; and he is us.
This is hard to grasp. Just as Trump's supporters blame liberals and socialists; liberals and socialists blame Trump's supporters. This can go on forever without anyone being the better or the wiser.
The neo-liberal economist Milton Friedman liked to say that the popular opinion of today is legislation 20 years from now. Neo-liberals played a long game. If socialists wish to succeed, we too must learn to play a long game: the principle object of which must be to counteract the propaganda of the powerful, reminding people that we evolved to cooperate, and that cooperation is our only hope. That lives based on cooperation are infinitely happier than those based on competition. Even for winners. And that old ideas, like slavery, can die. Slavery still exists, but only on the margins, as it is no longer possible to defend it. In the same way, we need to bury the idea that endless, ruthless competition is the key to prosperity and happiness.
Though the propaganda of the powerful is everywhere, it consists entirely of carefully crafted lies. Lies need to be constantly, endlessly repeated. Truth needs to be understood but once. But this understanding takes effort and time. It requires the willingness to think again about what we were once mindlessly taught. That we step back from the fray, and think and feel on our own, and in our own time.
Socialism cannot emerge overnight. First of all we must transform ourselves. It is not possible to persuade others of what we ourselves cannot practice. Neo-liberals practice the greed they preach. Socialists must learn to actually practice cooperation in our day-to-day lives. This is not easy, as it goes against everything we have been taught since kindergarten, when we were pulled out of our families and communities to compete for the approval of anonymous authorities and transient peers.
Throughout all history, we have always survived with the help of families, neighbors and friends. Now we are taught that we must succeed on our own, holding "losers" in contempt. We struggle to buy insurance for ourselves, and every manner of glittering toy to distract us from our lack of family and real friends. These instruments of distraction turn us into the shadows of human beings, powerless to fight even for our own survival. We need to wake up, stop being distracted, and learn to fight creatively for what we know is right.
Attending an American university is considered a privilege. And in the competition for the dwindling supply of "good jobs," it certainly is. Many mortgage their lives to buy it. But even for the winners in the good jobs sweepstakes, how great a privilege is it to work 60 hours a week, striving to outdo the guy in the cubicle next to you at creating products whose net effect is likely injurious? Meanwhile for the losers, this privilege results in lifetimes of debt, dashed hopes, recrimination, addiction and even suicide.
Every student faces a hard choice. They can put all their energy into the "good jobs" sweepstakes, or they can learn how to cooperate and change the system. Virtually all the goods we take for granted—including habeus corpus, trial by jury, and the 8 hour day—are the result of the struggles of those who worked not just for themselves, but for others. If even small groups of socialists learned how to actually cooperate, this could have a powerful effect on the multitudes of the lonely and afraid. It could change not just how they vote, but how they live their lives! We should never forget the prophetic words of Margaret Mead:
Never doubt that small groups of thoughtful, committed citizens
can change the world; indeed, it's the only thing that ever has.
Patrick Hunter says:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/673/george-catlett-marshall
Minimal ribbons.
Rais says:
Just reading your article in which you say, "Yes, in December 1941, the American people did finally begin to mobilize in a big way and march off to war, however reluctantly, and, in the end, they did decisively defeat Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan." I'm sure you didn't intend to claim that victory for America. America's part in the defeat of Nazi Germany and especially of Tokyo's Japan was important but possibly the biggest role in the defeat of the Nazis came on the eastern, Soviet front. As for Britain, it was supported from all over its empire. My father joined the Royal Australian Air Force in 1939 and was seconded to the Royal (British) Air Force where he served until the end of the war.


The Move File dialog box is invoked when a file is selected in the Project tool window or opened in the editor.
The Move File dialog box is invoked when a file opened in the editor.
Specify the destination package. Type the path manually or click and select the target package in the dialog that opens.
Select the checkbox to find and update the comments and strings to the file being moved.
Select this checkbox to see the moved file in the editor.


text:
Maurice Harris Is a Superstar
June 22, 2020 June 22, 2020 0 Comments	Fashion
But, Mr. Harris stated, he has spent a lot of his life as a homosexual man at odds with that music's larger establishment. "It was very clear to me, very young, that my parents weren't here for it, my community wasn't here for it," he stated. Many of his household relationships have since developed. (His mom, a former minister of music at his childhood church, performs a gospel organ on "Centerpiece.")
After working with Ms. Kayne and her mates, Mr. Harris began attracting movie star shoppers, although he balks on the suggestion that his proximity to fame is probably the most attention-grabbing factor about him. "I was talented before Beyoncé sat on my sofa," he stated, when requested concerning the star, who posed along with his florals on the "Queen & Slim" premiere final 12 months.
But with the expansion of Mr. Harris's enterprise got here an uncomfortable stress. "I'm making these beautiful things that I couldn't afford myself, and there's something weird here," Mr. Harris stated. "Capitalism and creativity and who owns it."
"I've been keenly aware of me failing to be a rich person," he stated, laughing. "I'm in all these homes, and at a certain point I was like, 'Oh my God, I can merchandise my refrigerator and go to the farmers' market and get all these cute little ceramic bowls to put my fruits and vegetables in.' And then I was like, wait — what?"
The act of negotiating a number of realms meant discovering mediums for expressing himself. "I don't have a lot of clients of color, but a lot of people of color follow me on Instagram," Mr. Harris stated of the platform, the place he's identified to anthropomorphize his preparations. "People were interested in what was going on here, but don't necessarily have access. I've tried to find ways to give entry points for people to feel comfortable. I've always thought that beauty is one of the communicating tools that allures people to think about something differently."
His ideas round entry to creativity led to the 2019 opening of Bloom & Plume Coffee, a shiny, color-drenched cafe subsequent to his floral studio in Filipinotown. "I wanted to create a transformative space that gave people access to the magic that we create," he stated of the enterprise, which options neighborhood programming like dialogues concerning the George Floyd protests.
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text:
Rural development in Kasumpa Village, Zambia
Bates, Robert H. (1975) Rural development in Kasumpa Village, Zambia. Journal of African Studies, 2 (3). pp. 333-362. ISSN 0065-4140. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171128-133448634
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For many rural dwellers in Zambia, as well as elsewhere in Africa, the movement toward independence represented an attempted movement toward a higher standard of living. The displacement of the colonial authorities and the installation of an African government represented a shift from a public order whose primary interest was the maintenance of law and order in the rural areas to a government which had come to power by promising to fulfill the demands of the indigenous peoples that they be made better off. As a result of the commitments made in the bid for power, out of a regard for its future fate at the polls, and because of its genuine regard for the welfare of its citizens, the new Zambian government, like other governments in Africa, initiated programs designed to upgrade the standard of living of its basically rural constituents. Utilizing the revenues generated by the prosperous mining industry, the government constructed, staffed, and provisioned schools; hospitals, and clinics in the rural areas at a rate unprecedented in the history of the territory. And, of greater relevance to this study, it initiated programs designed to enhance the cash-earning opportunities of the villagers. Toward this end, the new government sponsored the growth of farming cooperatives and the formation of peasant farms in the rural areas, seeking thereby to share the benefits of independence by increasing the incomes of its rural citizens.
http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechAUTHORS:20171101-155107042 Related Item Working Paper
© 1975 Heldref Publications. This study was supported by the Division of Humanities and Social Sciences of the California Institute of Technology and by Grant No. HD05707-01/02 from the Public Health Service of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The research was conducted while I was an affiliate of the Institute for Social Research of the University of Zambia. I wish to acknowledge the support of these institutions while absolving them from all responsibility for errors of fact or interpretation and wish to thank Professor Thayer Scudder for his criticisms of an earlier draft of this paper. Formerly SSWP 34.
NIH HD 05707-01/02
Caltech Division of Humanities and Social Sciences UNSPECIFIED
Jacquelyn Bussone


From national policies to the most minute technical design standards, social rules are the constraints that make coordinated human activity possible. The Social Rules Project is an educational initiative at Harvey Mudd College that reveals how social rules, or "institutions," shape our planet and our lives.
The Social Rules Project is the result of efforts by almost 100 students from the Claremont Colleges and the California Institute of the Arts who created an animated short film, a video game on the institutional dimensions of tropical conservation, and a website with a variety of other free educational resources. Artists, computer programmers, environmental studies majors, musicians, and many others contributed countless hours to make these materials available. The goal of the project is to raise awareness about the institutional underpinnings of environmental problems and what it will take to solve them. This is accomplished by using innovative multi-media approaches to translate insights from the social science literature and make them accessible to a broad public.
The associated book, Who Rules the Earth? How Social Rules Shape Our Planet and Our Lives, was published by Oxford University Press in 2015.


text:
Review and repeal of PTA
Two public meetings were held in in the Northern and Eastern province in the view of the recent developments that measures were being taken by the Government to replace Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) with Counter Terrorism Bill which many consider as far more draconian than the current Act. Therefore, held two combined meetings in the two provinces. The meetings were held in November and the first meeting was held on the 12th in the Kilinochchi district (Cooperative Society Hall) combining all five districts in the Northern province, while the second meeting was held in the Batticaloa district (Mianni Retreat Centre) on the 19th combining all three districts in the Eastern province.
A total of 125 participated including 54 females; North recorded 65 participants including 28 females while East recorded 60 participants including 26 females. The participants included human rights defenders, activists, journalists, representatives of NGOs and CBOs, religious leaders, university students, teachers and affected communities including victims and ex-carders. Namely organizations from the Norther province such as Home for Human Rights Vavuniya, Citizen's Rights Centre Mullaitivu, Committee for the disappeared, Mullaitivu, Vanni Rehabilitation Organization for the Differently Abled (VAROD), Tamil Civil Society Forum, Human Rights Centre Mullaitivu, Citizen's Committee Mannar, Rural Development Societies Mannar and Kilinochchi, St. Luke's Church Kilinochchi, Law and Human Rights Education Institute (LHREI), Legal Aid Commission Mannar, Bridging Lanka, Beemar Foundation, Aroganam, ThamilVirutcham, Fundamental Media Education (FME) Vavuniya, Shanthiaham Association for health and counselling, Mannar Social Economic Development Organization (MESDO), Jaffna District Inter Religious Council (DIRC), WTCO Vavuniya, Child Development Initiative (CDI), Vavuniya, Women's Action Network for Transformation (WANT) Jaffna, Mullaitivu Women's Development and Rehabilitation Foundation (MWDRF), LOLC Kilinochchi, World Vision Mullaitivu, and Women's Rural Development Society (WRDS) Kilinochchi.
Similarly, organizations from the Eastern province comprise AHAM Ampara, UTCDA, Village Child Rights Monitoring Committee (VCRMC) Batticaloa, Rural Development Society Batticaloa, Viluthu Women's Organization, RDPO, Trincomalee District Women's Network (TWDN), Peace and Community Action (PAC) Kalmunai, Trincomalee District Civil, Political, and Religious Centre (TDCP), Human Rights Commission Sri Lanka, JRS/TCSF Batticaloa, Home for Human Rights Akkaraipattru and Batticaloa, Kiwi Fund, BDWN, Batticaloa, RDPO Batticaloa, AMCOR Batticaloa, ESDF Sri Lanka, ADRO, Women's Rural Development Society (WRDS), New ARROW, Batticaloa, G/CWS, Sri Lanka Community Development Forum (SLCDF) Batticaloa, , Women in Need (WIN) Batticaoa, Inayam – NGO Consortium Batticaloa, Trincomalee District Centre for Peace and Reconciliation (TD/CPR), EUSL, AWF, and SDC.
The resource person commenced his lectures explaining the ill effects of the PTA. The application of the PTA has negatively affected the application of ordinary law, including the reticence of the judiciary towards protecting civil liberties, permitting abuse and impunity of the police, military powers interfering with individual rights, and eroded public transparency and good governance.
Thereafter, he compared PTA with the terrorism laws of four nations—India (Prevention of Terrorism Act POTA 2002), Malaysia (Prevention of Terrorism Act POTA 2015), Bangladesh (Anti-Terrorism Act ATA 2009) and the United Kingdom (Terrorism Act 2000).
As for the information on measures being taken to repeal the PTA with a proposed Counter Terrorism bill which is deemed as even more severe, the resource person emphasized that many have noted that the new piece of law, if adopted, could give the government an opportunity to crush any dissent and any opposition by labelling it as 'terrorism'
The resource person highlighted provisions which violate international human rights standards in the above four Acts, adding that such provisions have been considered while drafting the Counter Terrorism bill in Sri Lanka and that's one of the reasons that many deem it as worse than the PTA. However, he stated that still the Bill is a work in progress and constantly changes and corrections are being made to make it more presentable.
During discussion with the participants in Kilinochchi, it was observed that many had various views pertaining to the PTA or CTA. Some stated that PTA should exist with amendments as well as with a different name, while others stated that the law should not exist at all and must be abolished.
The group which felt that the government will anyway go ahead with PTA or CTA and therefore, the advocacy campaign should focus on amending the law in a way without discriminating minorities and reducing powers of the security forces. They also added that the term 'terrorism' should be taken out in order that it would be feared less.
However, the majority of the participants were against having the Act, they pointed out the Northern Province Chief Minister, Justice C.V. Wigneswaran's statement on PTA where he said that the existence of such an Act was not necessary and perpetrators who have threatened national security can be dealt with under the normal law. They further added that the people of the North fully oppose the PTA and that minorities cannot make this change and the message has to be carried across to the people of the South.
CHRD's objective to hold such meetings was to raise awareness of the new counter terrorism bill and gather support and momentum in its long term campaign to repeal PTA and release political prisoners. With the recommendations provided by the affected communities themselves CHRD intended to widen the campaign to the national level and present these recommendations to the parliamentarians, political parties and the civil society in the South as well as the international community including UN and EU etc.,
Bearing in mind the observations of the meeting held in Kilinochchi, CHRD carefully outlined the agenda for the PTA/CTA meeting to be held in the Eastern province.
The programme was based on the following three questions: Did this meeting enable you to make an informed choice to support CHRD's campaign to repeal PTA? If not, what steps must be taken support CHRD's initiative to draw support for the campaign and, Was the resource person and the facilitator were able to communicate this message clearly to the audience?


Our trip is now coming to an end. Tomorrow we take the Chunnel train to London where we'll fly home from Heathrow airport on Thursday. So, it was especially nice to be sent off by our friends, Laurent and Quitterie, with a dinner at their house in Levallois-Perret, a suburb of Paris.
There's a nice courtyard in back where a table had been set for dinner and their son, Andéol, was busy kicking around a soccer ball when not on his scooter – which reminded me to ask Laurent to demonstrate his commuting vehicle of choice: a scooter that he rides to his law office in the Paris city center 20 minutes away.
He went off for a minute, then came zipping around the corner. Voilà!
We had a wonderful visit with Quitterie, Laurent, Soazig and Aglaé as we ate our quiche and drank a bottle of wine from Chateaux Fontesteau that we brought from Médoc.
But the highlight of the evening was when Laurent brought out their wedding bottle of Armagnac (like cognac, only better), distilled by a neighbor of Quitterie's parents in Gascony, and given to them at their wedding (like us, Laurent and Quitterie recently celebrated their anniversary).
It was a wonderful way to end our time in Paris. Salut!


The war between the Asgardians and the Jotunns was based on the Aesir-Vanir War (the Jotunns were, in fact, a non-hostile, non-antagonistic race).
Odin's ravens Huginn (thought) and Muninn (memory), who gather information in Midgard (Earth) and relay it to Odin, are sitting on his throne during Thor's coronation ceremony.
The symbol seen at the weapons vault, and on Mjolnir, is the triquetra, a religious symbol. Its ancestor is the valknut, a German symbol associated with Odin.
The Bifrost, originally thought of as the rainbow by the Norse, is seen as a beam of rainbow light.
Heimdall's golden observatory is based on the Himinbjorg, Heimdall's home.
When Odin appears in Jotunheim, he is riding his eight-legged horse Sleipnir.
A Jotun calls Thor a "little Princess", once Thor's hammer was stolen, and he dressed up as the love goddess Freya to go back and retrieve it.
Fandral and Thor each describe Loki as mischievous and a talented liar, an homage to Loki's titles as the god of mischief and lies.
Thor asks for a cat to ride. Thor's mother Frigga has her chariot pulled by two large blue cats.
Thor shows Jane a drawing of crossroads with nine orbs in it, his perception and representation of Yggdrasil, a great tree around which the nine worlds are tethered, making up the universe.
Q: Is 'Thor' based on a book?
In 965 D.C., in Tornsberg, Norway, the Frost Giants from Jotunheim led by King Laufey (Colm Feore) attack the locals, and the Allfather Odin (Anthony Hopkins) and the warriors of Asgard protect the humans and win the battle against the invaders. They take their source of power and bring it to Asgard and they start an armistice with Jotunheim.
When three Frost Giants break in Asgard trying to retrieve their source of power, they are destroyed by the Destroyer. The arrogant Thor (Chris Hemsworth) decides to attack Jotunheim with his stepbrother Loki (Tom Hiddleston) and four Asgardian warriors and disobeys the order of his father Odin. In order to avoid war against Jotunheim, Odin removes the powers of Thor and exiles him on Earth to live among the humans. Odin also throws his hammer Mjölnir to New Mexico and orders that only the one that is worth will get the powerful hammer and achieve Thor's powers.
In Puente Antigo, New Mexico, the physician Jane Foster (Natalie Portman) is researching a phenomenon in the desert with her professor Erik Selvig (Stellan Skarsgård) and her mate Darcy Lewis (Kat Dennings). Out of the blue, Thor is hit by Jane's truck and she takes him to the hospital. Thor unsuccessfully tries to retrieve Mjölnir that is protected by agents of the government SHIELD. When the Machiavellian Loki sends the Destroyer to Earth to kill Thor, he needs to retrieve his hammer to save not only the humans, but also his Allfather Odin and Asgard from the evil Loki.
"Thor" is an entertaining adventure based on the character of the comic book published by Marvel Comics. Natalie Portman is usually the synonym of a good movie and she is delightful in the role of a scientist. The plot is funny and the scenes with the human Thor; the Nordic black gatekeeper Heimdall (Idris Elba); and the Vikings and Gods speaking in English are hilarious. The special effects are top-notch and the viewer may bring the popcorn and delight with a pleasant family entertainment. My vote is seven.


Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 12-cup bundt pan. Set aside.
In a mixing bowl add sugar, oil and eggs. With paddle attachment on, beat on low speed until combined.
Add baking soda, salt and flour alternately with buttermilk. Stir until just combined.
Pour cake batter in two bowls, preferably the same size.
Add cocoa powder and enough red coloring to one bowl to create a lovely red color.
Using two 1/4 cup measuring cups, pour 1/4 cup of white velvet cake batter into prepared baking pan. Follow with 1/4 cup of red velvet cake batter.
Repeat, alternating white and red velvet cake batters until all batter has been used.
Bake cake into preheated oven for about 50 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.
Remove cake from oven, let cool in pan for 10-15 minutes before inverting on a wire rack to cool completely.
Once cooled, frost cake with cream cheese frosting. Decorate with sprinkles.


In due time, when again needed by client code, function MyAlert is called and the message (wait for it, you're in for a surprise) "This is the FIRST call" is displayed again. Originally generated function is called and second generation is ignored.
after these changes client-side code behaves as expected and freshly generated function is called every time.


text:
TSA ruins 5-year-old's Disney trip by tossing 'gun-like' Buzz Lightyear toy
Levi Zilka from Pennsylvania had just enjoyed his first ever trip to Disney World when TSA agents decided to confiscate his plastic Buzz Lightyear toy because it looked like a firearm.
NSFW Police State
FORT LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA — A 5-year old Pennsylvania boy's first ever trip to Disney World ended on a sour note recently when his toy was confiscated by TSA agents because it resembled a firearm.
Levi Zilka had just enjoyed his first ever trip to the theme park in Florida, during which his uncle bought him a Buzz Lightyear Star Command Flip Grip Claw Grabber Arm.
But when Levi and his father David were travelling through Fort Lauderdale International Airport on the way home, they were stopped by TSA agents, who told them that they couldn't take "realistic replicas of firearms" on board the plane — even though the toy is not even a toy gun.
As the family had only packed carry-ons, that meant one thing: The not-gun-like claw grabber arm had to be tossed, which left a 5-year old boy predictably devastated.
The TSA is now said to be "evaluating" the incident.
Levi Zilka was devastated when TSA agents confiscated his Buzz Lightyear toy for "looking like a gun." WWMT
Levi's father David says he understands things are scary right now, but taking his son's toy was another thing altogether. WWMT
This year's El Niño is expected to be the worst ever recorded


UPDATE: Lt. Gov. Carroll embroiled in Stearns-FBI scandal.
Two major Florida Republicans have now come under fire for involvement in attempts to buy off U.S. House Representative Cliff Stearn's primary opponent. According to the Florida Times Union, Lt. Governor Jennifer Carroll also lobbied Jett to get out of the race. Many questions remain…did she make calls from the Governor's office? Did she offer state positions or resources? Who else was involved? Stay tuned for another saga involving scandal plagued Carroll unfolds.
Article with update on Lt. Governor Carroll here and below.
GREEN COVE SPRINGS — Clay Clerk of Courts James Jett told a group of Republicans today the FBI is looking into Rep. Cliff Stearns for what Jett said is a plot to buy him out of this fall's congressional primary.
Jett, who bowed out of the county clerk race after the state Legislature redrew congressional election lines, is running against Stearns for the newly-drawn Florida District 3, which includes much of Clay County. Stearns currently represents Clay County in District 6 from his home in Ocala, but that city has been drawn out of the area in once-a-decade redistricting. He has said he will move to Orange Park to run for re-election.
Stearns used former state Education Commissioner Jim Horne as the middle man to offer everything from money to appointed political positions, Jett said during a South Clay Republicans meeting at the Magnolia Point Golf & Country Club.
Horne was among the names given by Jett to the FBI. Also on the list: Lt. Gov. Jennifer Carroll, who formerly represented Clay County in the state House.
Offerings included a job on Stearns' campaign staff or cash to cover the approximately $25,000 Jett has personally spent on his congressional run, Jett said. He also said he was told there could be a job heading the Florida Department of Law Enforcement or a U.S. marshal position once there are vacancies.
The Stearns team used U.S. Speaker of the House John Boehner as leverage, Jett said, though he added he doesn't believe Boehner was aware.
"I've got this on tape," Jett said. "This has national ramifications, and I don't want to harm the Republican Party."
The Times-Union has heard the tapes, which are voicemails left on an answering machine, and will have them online later today.
Florida law requires constitutional officers such as clerks of court to report potential corruption, Jett said.
The FBI gave him permission to speak publicly about the investigation, Jett said, although the agency won't.
Stearns' spokesman, Paul Flusche, called Jett's actions "contemptuous."


The Grapevine can finally firmly recommend a guidebook for getting around our hometown of Reykjavík – our own guidebook, Inside Reykjavík. Not that other travel books from massive, impersonal conglomerates are evil or inaccurate; we typically consult with them in exchange for free dinner, and we can say the authors of other books are often well mannered and… not evil. But our book is local. True, written by an American jackass, but at least an American with a vested interest in the country, and three years of hard Icelandic living under his belt.
Here's why you need Inside Reykajvík: you can find out about how to relax, how to party, how to start a decent conversation, even how to get out of the city. And we have photos, yes, photographs. Many of them. And handsome maps.
Truthfully, we just can't say enough about how good our own work was. If only we had the linguistic skills to describe how strong our linguistic skills were in writing the book. But we don't. Since we sent the book to our publisher, Edda Press, we have grown tired, dumb and lazy.
Which is one more reason to buy the book. We can state, for the record, that we will never be that good again.
Fellow tourist, expatriate or self-conscious Icelander, imagine the day you pick up our fine book as the day you get married or fall in love. That significant other, which in this case is 170 pages of photos, text, design and passion, is supple, smells good, and, most importantly, all yours, will grant you both your wildest dream and your deepest, most fulfilling need. Take us. Take us now. Go to the bookstore, grab our book, throw down your money, and bond. Bond. Bond.


The old saying "life begins at 40" has never been more true than today, with more people living longer, healthier lives than ever before. As seniors continue to stay active well after retirement, the DMV wants to help you maintain your driving independence for as long as you can safely drive.
As part of the DMV's updated website, a wealth of information and services are now offered online, specifically targeting the senior driver. One of the newest features is the "Senior Guide to Safe Driving", which offers practical strategies for older drivers, their friends, family and caregivers.
The reality is that at some point all of us will face a decline in our physical, visual or mental abilities, which will inevitably impact our driving capabilities. The guide contains information regarding physical and mental changes that may affect safe driving and practical strategies for recognizing, understanding, adapting to, and planning for these changes.
The senior guide also addresses the reexamination process and procedures including options available should your license be suspended or revoked. You can find out what steps are needed to renew your driver license, such as vision tests, written tests and driving tests if you're 70 years of age or older, and even how to obtain a complimentary identification card if you're over the age of 62!
The DMV is committed to protecting all drivers at any age, so take the opportunity to make your life a little easier on the road and log on! For the entire booklet contact your local DMV office at 800-777-0133 to receive the booklet in the mail.