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UG Study > All courses > Politics and American Studies BA
Politics and American Studies BA
UCAS: TL72
A level offer: BBB in Clearing for home students
Start date: September 2022
Duration: 3 years full-time (also available part-time); 4 years full-time including optional year abroad
Faculty: Arts
School/Department: American and Canadian Studies, Politics and International Relations
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Learning and assessment
Are you passionate about politics, or even want to be a politician? Do you want to make the world a better place?
This course will provide the intellectual training to understand a range of political ideas. It will also give you a deeper knowledge of how governments work in today's world, alongside sharpening your research, presentational and analytical skills.
We offer a wide variety of modules in both Politics and American Studies, covering:
Understanding global politics
Parliamentary studies
The American presidency
You will also study American and Canadian history, literature, culture, film, music and art in the largest department of its kind in Europe.
You have the option to experience North America, by choosing to study abroad for a year at a US or Canadian university. You can do this by transferring to the study abroad programme at the end of your first year. The option to study abroad is dependent on your academic performance and the availability of places.
Your departments
Find out more about what it's like to study with us:
Department of American and Canadian Studies
School of Politics and International Relations
Why choose this course?
Beginners welcome!
No prior knowledge of American studies is needed
Double your skillset
Benefit from the skills development and assessment methods of studying two subjects
Live what you study
Choose to spend a year studying at a university in the United States or Canada
Skills for your career
Sharpen key skills by developing independent thinking, initiative and team working
92% of students agree that 'staff have made the subject interesting'
(2022 National Student Survey results)
Tailor your studies
Study what excites you and follow your interests
All candidates are considered on an individual basis and we accept a broad range of qualifications. The entrance requirements below apply to 2022 entry.
Home / UK students
EU / International students
Alternative qualifications and contextual offers
UK entry requirements
A level BBB in Clearing for home students
Please note: Applicants whose backgrounds or personal circumstances have impacted their academic performance may receive a reduced offer. Please see our contextual admissions policy for more information.
IB score 30 in Clearing for home students
IELTS 6.5 (no less than 6.0 in any element)
High school qualifications Check our country-specific information for guidance on qualifications from your country
As well as IELTS (listed above), we also accept other English language qualifications. This includes TOEFL iBT, Pearson PTE, GCSE, IB and O level English. Check our English language policies and equivalencies for further details.
For presessional English or one-year foundation courses, you must take IELTS for UKVI to meet visa regulations.
If you need support to meet the required level, you may be able to attend a Presessional English for Academic Purposes (PEAP) course. Our Centre for English Language Education is accredited by the British Council for the teaching of English in the UK.
If you successfully complete your presessional course to the required level, you can then progress to your degree course. This means that you won't need to retake IELTS or equivalent.
Visa restrictions
International students must have valid UK immigration permissions for any courses or study period where teaching takes place in the UK. Student route visas can be issued for eligible students studying full-time courses. The University of Nottingham does not sponsor a student visa for students studying part-time courses. The Standard Visitor visa route is not appropriate in all cases. Please contact the university's Visa and Immigration team if you need advice about your visa options.
We recognise that applicants have a wealth of different experiences and follow a variety of pathways into higher education.
Consequently we treat all applicants with alternative qualifications (besides A-levels and the International Baccalaureate) on an individual basis, and we gladly accept students with a whole range of less conventional qualifications including:
Access to HE Diploma
BTEC HND/HNC
BTEC Extended Diploma
This list is not exhaustive. The entry requirements for alternative qualifications can be quite specific; for example you may need to take certain modules and achieve a specified grade in those modules. Please contact us to discuss the transferability of your qualification. Please see the alternative qualifications page for more information.
We recognise the potential of talented students from all backgrounds. We make contextual offers to students whose personal circumstances may have restricted achievement at school or college. These offers are usually one grade lower than the advertised entry requirements. To qualify for a contextual offer, you must have Home/UK fee status and meet specific criteria – check if you're eligible.
At the University of Nottingham, we have a valuable community of mature students and we appreciate their contribution to the wider student population. You can find lots of useful information on the mature students webpage.
You will be taught via a mixture of large-group lectures and smaller, interactive seminars. You might also be taught through tutorials and supervisions. These are one-to-one meetings or discussions with an academic tutor.
On the American Studies side of your course, you will benefit from a wide range of learning materials. This could include reading books, online journal articles, e-book chapters, shorter review essays, newspaper and magazine articles. It could also mean watching documentary films, and, on some modules, listening to music on YouTube or Spotify.
"I did a module called 'The Pop Century', which was on 20th century music, in second year. I loved that because you'd have a playlist every week and reading to go with it. We'd listen to songs and you'd choose your favourite one and link it to the historical context." – Liberty Jones, fourth year student
You will also have a personal tutor from the Department of American and Canadian Studies. This is someone who can:
provide general support for your academic life
give you the opportunity to raise concerns and discuss issues
support you with personal issues
Find out more about personal tutors
Teaching quality
Over 90% of our class of 2019 joint honours students graduated with a 1st or 2:1 degree classification. University of Nottingham Degree Outcomes statement
Nine academics from the Department of American and Canadian Studies have received Advance HE recognition for their contribution to education, becoming Teaching Fellows.
Peer mentor scheme
First-year students can benefit from being paired with a 'peer mentor'. This is an existing student from your department who helps you settle in, get to know your peers and advise on student life.
Find out more about peer mentors
How you will be assessed
Reflective review
Contact time and study hours
You'll have at least the following hours of timetabled contact a week through lectures, seminars and workshops, tutorials and supervisions.
Year one: minimum of 12 hours
Year two: minimum of 9 hours
Final year: minimum of 8 hours
Your tutors will also be available outside these times to discuss issues and develop your understanding. You will have a personal tutor from the Department of American and Canadian Studies. You will also be allocated a joint honours advisor from the School of Politics and International Relations.
We reduce your contact hours as you work your way through the course. As you progress, we expect you to assume greater responsibility for your studies and work more independently.
Your lecturers will be qualified academic staff. Some of your classes may be run by temporary teaching staff who are also experts in their field.
Class sizes vary depending on topic and type. A weekly lecture on a core module may have 50-60 students attending, while a specialised seminar may only contain 10 students.
As well as scheduled teaching, you'll carry out extensive self-study such as independent reading and research. As a guide, 20 credits (a typical module) is approximately 200 hours of work (combined teaching and self-study). Each 20-credit module typically involves between three and four hours of lectures and seminars per week. You would ideally spend 8-10 hours doing preparation work.
On this course, you will have the opportunity at the end of year one to apply for a transfer onto the four-year programme with a year abroad. This is subject to your academic performance in the first year and the availability of places at our partner institutions.
Students registered for the four-year programme attend a major North American university or college for one year
You pay reduced fees during your year abroad
We have a dedicated Year Abroad team who will help you with every aspect of your year, both before you go and during your stay
Find out more on our studying abroad webpage
"America is so much more of a culture shock than you'd imagine. They're so similar to us in so many ways, but still so different. It was a great experience to be able to go there. It's the reality behind what you're studying."
- Natalie Shortall, 2018 graduate. Natalie spent her year abroad in Charleston, South Carolina
Become 'workplace-ready' with our Work Placement and Employability programme tailor made for students in the School of Cultures, Languages and Area Studies. It helps you develop skills and experience that allow you to stand out to potential employers.
The School of Politics and International relations also offers valuable placement and internship opportunities. There are currently over 25 placement partners providing 100+ placements a year, including internship opportunities in Westminster and even overseas.
You also have access to a wide range of work experience and volunteering schemes through the:
Study Abroad and the Year in Industry are subject to students meeting minimum academic requirements. Opportunities may change at any time for a number of reasons, including curriculum developments, changes to arrangements with partner universities, travel restrictions or other circumstances outside of the university's control. Every effort will be made to update information as quickly as possible should a change occur.
Why study more than one subject?
Watch our animation about studying a joint honours course at Nottingham.
Year abroad (optional)
Year three (or 'Year four' if taking a year abroad)
Our first-year core modules are designed as an introduction. This means that we will build everyone's knowledge to the same level, so you can progress through to year two.
You will take 120 credits of modules split as follows:
Compulsory core modules (120 credits) – you will typically take modules in international relations, political theory, and comparative politics, as well as American history and culture. You will learn to compare political institutions and behaviour in Western liberal democracies, gaining a thorough understanding of the history of political ideas
You must pass year one, but it does not count towards your final degree classification.
Politics core modules
Introduction to Comparative Politics
This module seeks to compare and contrast the decision-making structures of modern democratic states. Topics to be covered will include:
government and the state
the comparative approach
constitutions and the legal framework
democratic and authoritarian rule
the political executive
political parties and party systems
electoral systems and voting behaviour
the crisis of democracy
Watch a video about this module.
Problems in Global Politics
This module explores some of the major problems that exist in contemporary global politics. It introduces you to a wide range of challenges faced by states and non-state actors in the international system and engages with topics ranging from security concerns to economic issues.
The module draws on a wide range of ideas and examples from around the world to help you to better understand global politics.
This module introduces you to the ideas of some of the canonical thinkers in the history of political thought, such as Burke, Rousseau, Kant, Mill, and Marx. The module considers the impact of these thinkers on modern political thought and practice, with reference to key political ideas and historical developments (such as liberty and equality, and the Enlightenment). The module will be text based.
American Studies core modules
Race, Power, Money and the Making of North America, 1607-1900
Discover the history of North America, from European contact through to the start of the 20th century.
You will explore how the interactions of European colonizers with Native Americans shaped the future of the region, as well as the rise of Atlantic slavery, its development over time and the eventual emergence of distinctive African-American cultures.
We cover a broad chronological period, which includes European colonization, independence and Civil War. You will also examine the influence and development of attitudes towards race, class, gender, democracy and capitalism.
This module is worth 20 credits.
Approaches to American Culture 1: An Introduction
Challenge your assumptions through exploring key aspects of American culture, across a broad historical range.
We introduce a variety of cultural issues and controversies within contemporary US society. You will explore how contemporary cultural forms and phenomena can deepen our understanding of American history and national identity.
The Business of College sports
Controversies connected with the confederate flag and civil war statues
Digital America and the power of 'Big Tech'
Policing Contemporary America
Django Unchained: 21st Century US Cinema and historical representation
You will also consider a variety of forms, which might include:
Various genres of writing
Approaches to Contemporary American Culture 2: Developing Themes and Perspectives
This module develops the themes from 'Approaches to Contemporary American Culture 1'.
You will explore how contemporary American culture has become an arena of fierce political disagreement and polarisation. You'll also analyse the way specific cultural forms engage with social issues and respond to key moments in American history.
Depicting 9/11 in film and photography
Representing the past in public art forms, such as murals and monuments
Re-staging the American Revolution in the Broadway musical Hamilton
Re-imagining race, gender and sexuality in TV comedy-dramas like Orange Is the New Black
Transforming political activism through social media in campaigns such as #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter
You will focus on how art, entertainment and communications technologies intervene in and spark political debates and controversy.
American Freedom? Empire, Rights and Capitalism in Modern US History, 1900-Present
Discover the history of the United States in the 20th century.
You will explore the changes in the lives of American people, focussing on:
Liberal reform
Political conservatism
Minority protests
Multicultural awareness
International power
The above is a sample of the typical modules we offer but is not intended to be construed and/or relied upon as a definitive list of the modules that will be available in any given year. Modules (including methods of assessment) may change or be updated, or modules may be cancelled, over the duration of the course due to a number of reasons such as curriculum developments or staffing changes. Please refer to the module catalogue for information on available modules. This content was last updated on Friday 02 September 2022.
Compulsory core modules (40 credits) – in Politics you will choose one core module. In American studies, you will choose between Key Texts in American Social and Political Thought or North American Regions
Optional modules (80 credits) – choose from a range of optional modules to begin tailoring your degree to your interests and career aspirations
You must pass year two, which counts 33% towards your final degree classification.
Choose one of the below:
Key Texts in American Social and Political Thought
American history, from the period of colonisation to the nation's emergence as a global superpower, has always involved intense social and political debate.
This module analyses key texts in the history of American political and social thought, from the settlement period to the present day.
You will be introduced to debates over issues such as:
We analyse primary sources by a diverse range of thinkers and writers to interpret these debates, showing how they continue to shape American society and politics in the present.
North American Regions
This module will deploy the concept of "region" and, more broadly, "place" to explore key North American texts— drawn primarily from the spheres of film, television and literature. The notion of the "regional" will be applied expansively as well as conventionally to incorporate everything from the urban to the suburban/exurban; border territories; the transnational. Possible areas of study may include the American West; the Pacific North-West; New York City; the black inner city "ghetto"; "mountain" people and the Appalachians; Hispanic-America; first nations; French-Canada; Texas; Chicago; New Orleans; California; and the transnational impact of extensive US military occupations (post-war Japan; South Vietnam; twenty-first century Iraq).
Politics optional modules
Democracy and its Critics
Democracy is a contested concept and organising principle of politics both ancient and modern. Its appeal seems to be universal, yet it has always had its critics.
This module investigates the nature of democratic principles, the arguments of democracy's opponents and the claims of those who say that contemporary life is inadequately democratised. A particular feature of the module is the use of primary sources to investigate historic and contemporary debates.
Politics and Public Policy in China
This module provides a comprehensive introduction to the politics and public policy of contemporary China. You will be familiarised with useful approaches to the study of Chinese politics.
In the first part of the module, you will develop knowledge and understanding of China's leadership and succession, the structure of the party-state and the role of its major branches, central-local relations, and crisis and epidemic management, from the SARS to Covid19.
In the second part, you will compare and contrast the genesis of mainland China's rudimentary welfare state with the example of Bismarck's German Empire, which is widely credited as the birthplace of the welfare state in Europe.
Following an overview of the policy-making cycle and public administration in China, you will explore the challenges of implementing regulatory and redistributive policies under authoritarian conditions. You will put insights into practice by critiquing public policies in China, ranging from labour and migration through education to health.
How Voters Decide
Elections are the foundation of representative democracy. The act of voting creates a link between citizens' preferences and government policy. This means that the choices voters make have important consequences.
But, how do voters make these choices? Are they based on the policies that parties promise to enact in the future, or is it more about the policy successes (or failures) that parties have experienced in the past? Does the party's leader make a difference? Can campaigns or the media's coverage change how voters see their electoral choices? Finally, given the importance of elections, why do many citizens choose to abstain from the process altogether?
How Voters Decide will explore the choices that citizens make when they participate in elections and it will provide students with the skills necessary to evaluate arguments about electoral behaviour in Britain and beyond.
International Politics in the 20th Century
The module examines issues and themes in 20th-century international politics, from the eclipse of the 19th-century European diplomatic order to the collapse of the global bipolar system at end of the Cold War.
The course is taught from the disciplinary standpoint of international relations rather than that of international history. Therefore, various theoretical perspectives are brought to bear on each of these themes. For instance, we discuss:
the broad differences between the disciplines of international relations and international history in respect of explaining and understanding the international politics of the 20th century
questions of causality in international relations with reference to the onset of the Cold War
questions about political psychology with respect to the Cuban missile crisis
questions about prediction and the purposes of theory in relation to the end of the Cold War
British Party Politics
Political parties were central to the British political system throughout the 20th century and remain so at the beginning of the 21st. Despite persistent criticism, and perennial claims of their 'decline', parties are an essential component of any student's understanding of British politics and remain the central means by which the electorate passes judgement on the government.
This module examines the structure, ideology and history of British political parties. Topics covered include how the major and minor parties fought the 2015 general election, along with a discussion of how parties adapt to change.
Crises and Controversies in European Politics
This module aims to provide you with a systematic introduction to current debates in the comparative analysis of European politics.
The module adopts a thematic approach and focuses on both traditional fields of comparative enquiry, such as the study of party systems and representation, elections and voting behaviour, party competition and government formation, executive-legislative relations, as well as emerging fields of interest, such as political participation, extreme right politics, immigration, political corruption and the political and social challenges of globalisation and European integration.
The diverse experiences of liberal democracy in European countries and the political and social changes that they have undergone are discussed thematically in the seminars. In the seminars, a country-expert system is used whereby you are assigned a particular country to cover. The module covers both long-established democracies in Western Europe and newer democracies in Central and Eastern Europe.
This module explores issues in global security since the end of the Cold War. It focuses on security in a broad sense, from issues relating to the use of force by states, through to violence by non-state actors, such as terrorist groups, and on to the concept of human security.
The module builds on the first year modules, Understanding Global Politics and Problems in Global Politics, challenging you to deepen your theoretical as well as empirical knowledge in international security. It is also a preparation for the research-led third year modules that require a much more developed capacity of analysing empirical developments from a range of different theoretical perspectives.
International Political Economy and Global Development
This module studies the historical development of international political economy with a specific focus on development as well as the different ways this can be theoretically analysed.
While some speak about the internationalisation of the temporary order, others think in terms of more drastic changes and define them as globalisation. Similarly, while some are very optimistic that increasing free trade administered by the WTO will lead to general development, others argue that this is precisely the mechanism, with which underdeveloped countries are kept in a situation of dependence.
Based on the teaching of background information on different IPE theories and the immediate post-war period, it is these kinds of questions the module will be addressing. The module builds on the first year modules Understanding Global Politics and Problems in Global Politics, challenging you to deepen your theoretical as well as empirical knowledge in IPE.
It is also a preparation for the research-led third year modules, which require a much more developed capacity of analysing empirical developments from a range of different theoretical perspectives.
Social and Global Justice
'Justice' has been one of the key themes of political theory at least from the time of Plato, as questions of who gets what, when, and why are absolutely central to political discourse. Should people be able to keep what they earn with their talents, or is it only fair to take wealth away from those who have it to give to those who have little? Do different cultures deserve equal 'recognition'?
Recently these questions of distributive and social justice have taken on a global dimension. Does the developed world have obligations to distant others, and do they have rights against it?
This module will look at these questions from a contemporary perspective, looking at ideas about justice from thinkers such as the utilitarians, John Rawls, Thomas Pogge, Susan Moller Okin, and Bhikhu Parekh.
Political Parties and Party Systems Around the Globe
This module will offer an overview of political party development and the functioning of party systems in democratic states around the world, with a special focus on post-transitional democracies in Eastern Europe, Latin America and Asia.
Applying a variety of analytical concepts, theoretical approaches and empirical indicators to the study of party politics, the module will highlight the institutional and sociological determinants of party organisation development and system stability as well as the consequences of party failure and party system collapse.
American Studies optional modules
Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States
This module examines the history of immigration to the United States from Europe, Asia, and Latin America. We trace the making and remaking of immigrant communities, cultures, and identities from the nineteenth century to the present day. You will analyse models of race, ethnicity, culture, and nation by focusing on the perception and reception of immigrant groups and their adjustment to US society. We will ask questions such as: How have institutions and ideologies shaped the changing place of immigrants within the United States over time? How have immigrants forged new identities within and beyond the framework of the nation state? And how has immigration transformed US society?
The American Pop Century
This module surveys the history of American popular music in the 20th century, focusing on the major genres and exploring the artistic, cultural and political issues they raise. In addition to examining the music's aesthetic qualities genre by genre, the focus will be on key developments within the music industry, on the ways in which commercial and technological changes have influenced the production and consumption of music, and on the ways in which musicians and audiences use pop music to engage with American culture and society. We'll spend quite a bit of time listening to and analysing music, but you do not need any specialist musical expertise or knowledge to take the module.
American Radicalism
American radicals have been dismissed as impractical, wild-eyed, and subversive - even "un-American"- although many of their most visionary aims have been realized. This module will consider these paradoxes, beginning with the American Revolution in the late 18th century. 19th century subjects will include the abolitionists, early feminism, utopian socialism, anarchism, and farmer populism. 20thcentury subjects will include the Socialist Party in the 1910s, the Communist Party and the anti-Stalinist left in the 1930s, opponents of the Cold War, the 1960s New Left, Black Power militancy, and more recent radicalisms, including the gay liberation movement, women's liberation, and resistance to corporate globalisation.
The US & the World in the American Century: US Foreign Policy, 1898-2008
How can we understand the evolution of America's relationship with the wider world? What interests have been behind the execution of American power?
This module offers a critical introduction to understanding America's place in the world. From the war of 1898, to the conflicts of the early 21st century, we examine how America's involvement abroad has changed over time.
Through historical and political analyses of US foreign relations, we will look at the themes that have shaped America's increasing influence in global affairs.
We consider:
traditional political and diplomatic issues
the link between foreign and domestic policies
the role of foreign actors and private organisations, from religious groups, to citizen organisations, to NGOs that have served to shape America's actions abroad
We will also explore contemporary trends in the history of US foreign policy, including race, gender, emotions, and religion.
Contemporary North American Fiction
This course will consider the contexts and development of contemporary fiction and the novel in the United States and Canada since the 1990s. It will do so by positioning literary works within their wider historical, political and cultural context. The course will examine the dominant ideas and concerns of a number of fictions and novels by writers from a range of ethno-cultural backgrounds. Issues for discussion will include the impact of race, ethnicity, gender, class, generation and sexuality on North American fiction and the novel; the bearing of technology on contemporary fiction; and various debates about the nature of the historical novel in the twenty-first century.
America's Borders: Culture at the Limits
This module offers a hemispheric approach to North America by focusing on the history and culture of two significant borderlands regions, the Canada-US border and the Mexico-US border,as well as providing a general introduction to border theory and comparative approaches to the borderlands.
The module adopts a multi- and interdisciplinary approach to the border as a place, culture and concept and moves from the colonial period into the twenty-first century. We will analyse a diverse range of historical, literary and cultural texts (testimony, fiction, poetry,drama, film, television, art, architecture, music and performance) and engage a series of critical debates about the nature of cultural and ethnic encounter, race, nation and empire.
American Violence: A History
This module seeks to analyse the patterns and prevalence of violence in the USA. You will consider theories such as its origins in frontier settler societies and this may allow comparative study of Canada. You will understand the relationship between violence and the gun control debate and the related issue of American ideological antipathy to state power. You will also look at the celebration of violence as a source of conflict resolution and examine the US government's use of violence as an instrument of foreign policy. Possible topics include violence incidental to settler-native people contact or plantation slavery, the right to bear arms in the Constitution, the resort to force within US foreign policy including atomic weaponry, 'state terrorism', and the military-industrial complex.
African American History and Culture
This module examines African American history and culture from slavery to the present through a series of case studies that highlight forms of cultural advocacy and resistance and thus indicate how African Americans have sustained themselves individually and collectively within a racist, yet liberal society. These will illustrate the resilience of African American culture via music, literature, art and material culture. Examples may include the persistence of African elements in slave culture, the emergence of new artistic forms in art, religion and music during the segregation era, and the range and complexity of African American engagement with US public culture since the 1960s across art, literature and popular culture. Weekly topics might include material culture in the Gullah region of South Carolina; or the growth of urban black churches in the North during the period of the Great Migration highlighted by the development of Gospel choirs and radio preaching.
Business in American Culture
This module introduces students to the conflicting views about business that can be heard echoing through American literature and culture in the last two centuries. These views are evident when literature and culture directly represent the business culture-its executives, managers and employees, or the physical and mental conditions of employment and entrepreneurship; they are also evident in the narrative unconscious of works appreciated for qualities other than their treatment of business. This module aims to try and understand not only what drives American culture's preoccupation with business, but also to study the various strategies used as literature and culture represents what the module calls the discourses of business: the way that business as a theme is written and talked about in the United States by presidents, by social critics, by journalists, and by writers and other cultural producers; the way that the historical accumulation of this collective input has fashioned a set of rules that govern the way successive generations can think about business; the way that specialised and professionalised languages of business become tropes and metaphors to be used outside of a strictly business environment. The module examines these discourses in a variety of representational forms from the mid-nineteenth century through to the present day: shorts stories and novels; newspapers, magazines and illustrations; speeches, autobiographies and memoirs; film and television.
The above is a sample of the typical modules we offer but is not intended to be construed and/or relied upon as a definitive list of the modules that will be available in any given year. Modules (including methods of assessment) may change or be updated, or modules may be cancelled, over the duration of the course due to a number of reasons such as curriculum developments or staffing changes. Please refer to the module catalogue for information on available modules. This content was last updated on
You can apply to spend your third year studying in North America, transferring to a four-year course and returning to Nottingham for your final year to complete your course.
This is not compulsory – if you opt not to study abroad, you will complete your degree in three years. Eligibility is dependent on satisfactory performance in your first year and subject to availability.
"My year abroad was the absolute highlight of the whole course. I did four months in Montreal and then four months in Berlin. As soon as I meet a new employer, they always see it on my CV and ask questions. It's the greatest thing to have, because you could talk to someone about it for the whole interview and really impress them!" - Aodhbha Bassani, 2020 American and Canadian Studies (Study Abroad) BA graduate
If you do choose to take a year abroad, the benefits are varied. From travelling, to making new friends, to experiencing first-hand the culture you're studying, you will build important life-long skills. Our returning students have often gained in:
cultural awareness and understanding
Compulsory core modules (minimum of 20 and maximum of 40 credits) – you will undertake a dissertation on a topic of your choice in Politics or American Studies
Optional modules (minimum of 80 and a maximum of 100 credits) – a range of options are available covering aspects of North American history, culture and global politics
You must pass year four, which counts 67% towards your final degree classification.
Dissertation in Politics and International Relations
This module enables you to undertake a sustained piece of research and analysis into a subject within the discipline of politic and international relations.
Dissertation in American and Canadian Studies
This module involves in-depth independent study of a subject in American and Canadian Studies. It encourages both student-centred and student-initiated learning. The topic you choose must be appropriate for your course and must be approved by the module convenor. You are assigned a supervisor with expertise in your chosen area of study.
The completed dissertation should be 5,000-7,000 words in length for the 20 credit module and 10,000-12,000 words in length for the 40 credit module. The 20 credit dissertation is for one semester only and the 40 credit version is year-long.
Recent dissertation titles include:
To Ban or Not to Ban: Changing Motivations Behind Efforts to Censor African American Literature in America's Public Schools, 1976-2018
The Development of Television in the Canadian North and its Role in the Preservation of Inuit Culture
The Feminist Justification for the Afghanistan War: The Cooperation Between the Bush Administration and the Feminist Majority Foundation
"The Teeth of the World are Sharp": James Baldwin's Protest Novels
Towards Humane Borders: Activist and NGO Responses to the Militarisation of the US-Mexico Boundary
"A Blended World … A Safe Space for Everybody": A Case Study of Underground Ballroom Culture
"Wild Women Don't Have the Blues": The Empowerment of Black Female Blues Singers - Romance or Reality?
"Older Arts and Newer Technology": Cultural Recoding in Bharati Mukherjee's Desirable Daughters
China in Global Politics
China, as the new and upcoming superpower, has become a focal point of global attention. This module introduces you to the major topics in China's interaction with the evolution of China's foreign policy since 1949 as well as its role in the international political economy.
The module will explore how domestic politics and other developments have contributed, on the one hand, to the rise of China as a great power of the first league and to the emergence of a 19th-century European-type of nationalism, on the other.
Much of the module will be an examination of China's political and economic relations with major powers and regions such as the US, Asia, the EU, the UK, Russia and Africa, the responses towards China from these powers and regions, and major issues in their relations. This module will also survey China's role in critical global issue(s) as well as the global order and governance.
Disasters, Politics and Society
Disasters are defined by the United Nations as 'a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope with using its own resources.' The failure successfully to reconcile human behaviour with environmental threats has, throughout time and in different places, led to multiple disasters.
This module will examine the relationship between natural hazards and human society, how and why disasters happen and how the impact of disasters can be ameliorated. With reference to cases across the globe, there will be a focus on how social life has mitigated, adapted and evolved in the face of environmental hazards.
We will examine the social, economic and technological processes that mediate the relationship between human society and the natural world. We will examine key themes such as governance, technological innovation, urbanisation and migration, gender, culture and identity, global patterns of production and consumption, health and pandemics, race and class to understand why disasters impact on different people in different ways.
The EU as a Global Power
Against the backdrop of increasingly tense EU-US relations, Brexit, and rising nationalism in Europe, this module analyses the European Union's international role. It first introduces concepts and decision-making processes related to EU foreign policy both, by Member States and EU institutions. In particular, we analyse the processes within the European Communities, and the CFSP (Common Foreign and Security Policies) / CSDP (Common Security and Defence Policies) frameworks.
The module then critically assesses security and economic policies towards Africa, the Middle East and China. Themes to explain the nature of contemporary EU foreign policies include: European integration, intergovernmentalism and supranationalism, neoliberalism and ethical foreign policy, development aid (including for health and education) and diplomacy, post-colonialism, as well as military and civilian means for conflict-management.
The Battle for Democracy
At the dawn of the 21st century, the status of democracy across the world is uncertain. In Central and Eastern Europe, it has become the only game in town, but in other regions like Russia or the Arab World it has suffered reversals. To make sense of these events, this module examines and is structured around some of the big, important questions that have long interested political scientists around the questions of democracy.
What is democracy? Why are some countries democratic and others not? How did democracy emerge in different countries? What difference does democracy make for people's lives? The module adopts a global and comparative perspective, by focusing on countries in specific regions and by studying different data-sets on the design, functioning and influence of democratic institutions.
Gender and Political Representation
What does it mean to be represented in politics? This module uses gender as a prism through which to view intersectional debates on political representation. We ask what women's representation is, what it looks like in political institutions, how gender norms shape access to and participation in political institutions, why women's representation matters for policy outcomes, how it impacts on social movements and voting behaviour, and how it matters in global governance.
Our approach is broadly comparative, focussing on theories and case examples from both high-income countries in the Global North and low- and middle-income countries in the Global South. Our wide selection of countries also allows us to consider what role women's participation can have in quality of governance and democracy. We recognize that global norm diffusion is key to boosting women's representation, from gender quotas and gender mainstreaming in the UN's Beijing Platform for Action to the gender equality provisions in the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, and our discussions will also be of interest to students of international relations. The module engages with diverse perspectives and methodologies and will enable students to develop transferable skills in analytical literacy that can be applied across the social sciences.
Ideas and Politics in Contemporary Britain
The aim of this module is to explain and assess the nature and role of ideas and ideologies in British politics. It examines how and why the policies of the 'mainstream' British parties (Conservative, Labour and the Liberal Democrats) have been affected by ideas and ideologies, on the one hand, and by political pragmatism, on the other.
It also explores the ideas, ideologies and policies of minor parties and 'new social movements' (ecologism; fascism, Nazism and racism; feminism; multiculturalism, and nationalism) and their significance for the study and practice of politics in Britain today.
The Politics of Human Rights
Why are some states better at protecting, respecting, and fulfilling their human rights obligations, while others are not? Understanding the conditions under which governments protect human rights is crucial for the field of International Relations and policy makers alike. This module will discuss cutting-edge research within and beyond the human rights field.
You will learn about autocratic state behaviour, safeguards within democratic systems, the campaigns and challenges of NGOs and international organisations, and the wide-ranging effects of globalisation across the different categories and dimensions of human rights. The module will apply theory and empirical insights from these different fields of inquiry in order to understand the relative protection and enjoyment of human rights across different country contexts.
By the end of the module, you will have a clear understanding about human rights research and its effects on the real world.
Middle East and the World
This module covers:
Introduction – background history, empire and its importance, Sykes Picot
1910-20s - WW1 and Balfour Declaration
1930-40s inc. Palestine, WW2, beginning of the Cold War and creation of Israel
Cold War and the Middle East - Egypt and Suez, and Arab-Israel conflict
Turkish history and politics – including foreign policy
Nationalism – Kurdish and Pan-Arab
"Terrorism" – Iranian revolution, Iranian hostage crisis, Palestinian issue, Lebanon, Libya, plus the end of the Cold War – USSR to Russia, Chechen wars x2, Arab-Israel again. Islamic state - religion/terrorism/nationalism nexus
1990s - First Gulf War and policing Iraq (including Iran-Iraq war 1980s). Authoritarianism as a legacy of the Cold War – Egypt, Syria, Iran, Iraq, Libya
2000s - Iraq War
2010s: The Arab Spring and the Syrian Civil war
Legacy and contemporary issues – Iran nuclear issue, Yemen, Saudi Arabia
Political Challenges and Multiple Crises in the Global Economy
The global economy presents a wide variety of political challenges and can create multiple types of crisis for states and the actors within it. Most recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has put the whole system under pressure and revealed its fragility.
This module analyses some of these challenges and crises, which range from sovereign default to the global free trade system and the impact of climate change, to help us understand and explain the international political economy. It draws on scholarship from the fields of international relations theory, international political economy, security studies, and economic history to provide students with a more nuanced understanding of global politics.
Crisis: Death or Survival of Democracy
This module studies the politics of democratic backsliding in East and Central Europe. During the last three decades the region of East and Central Europe has undergone a historically unprecedented development of democratic transition from communism, the establishment and consolidation of democratic institutions, political parties and party systems, as well as the integration into Western political, economic and security alliances, most notably the European Union. Recent trends towards democratic backsliding in the region have cast doubt on the success of post-communist transformation.
This module focuses on the politics of democratic backsliding in East and Central Europe in the context of contemporary debates surrounding the de-consolidation of democracy across the globe.
The Politics of Ethnic Conflict
Questions relating to nationalism and ethnic conflict have become more prominent in political debate since the end of the Cold War, and the invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan demonstrated the continuing importance of constitutional crafting as a means to manage ethnic diversity within states.
This module evaluates differing definitions of the 'nation' and 'ethnic group', examines different state strategies to manage diversity such as multiculturalism, assimilation and integration, and considers different explanations of conflict between different ethnic groups.
It then examines in more detail strategies adopted by particular states to manage their diversity. The countries of India, America, France, Afghanistan, the UK, and Germany are focused upon, but students are encouraged to use material relating to other countries if they have particular knowledge of these cases.
Politics Placement
This module involves a part-time placement (one day a week) in an external organisation, and is aimed at developing hands-on work experience and employability skills in a workplace relevant to students of politics. Pre-placement training will be provided via three half-day workshops at the beginning of the module.
Each placement will be arranged by the work placement officer. Placements will be provided by organisations involved in private, public and third sector organisations, such as the civil service, charities and political parties.
Departmental mentoring will take the form of a weekly drop-in tutorial with the module convenor, in which experiences are shared and work is undertaken on the assessment tasks. Group presentations will occur during the final four hour workshop, at which time each group will critically reflect on their experiences of the ethos and goals of their host organisation.
Populism, Elites and Democracy
Populism is a contentious term. Over the last few decades we have witnessed a surge of ideologically diverse populist movements with strong democratically elected leaders acting in the name of 'the people' across the globe. For some, populism is illiberal, anti-pluralist and a danger to democracy; for others, it is the ultimate democratic act of popular sovereignty.
This module examines the controversial relationship between populism and democracy. It surveys key theoretical developments in democratic theory and the populist literature to compare mainstream and alternative definitions/conceptualisations of populism. The modules examines the problematic relationship of elites ('the 1%') – whether financial, social or political – in relation to liberal democracy and the masses ('the 99%'). It explores concepts and events key to the populist surge, such as 'post-truth' politics, the polarisation of politics, the 'friend/enemy' relation, 'us versus them' relation, 'elites', 'democratic leadership', 'representation', the 2019 prorogation of the British Parliament, and 'identification'.
You will have the opportunity to examine a range of different progressive and regressive populist leaders/associations, such as: Donald Trump, Vikor Orbán, Hugo Chávez, Brexit 2016, the UK general election 2019, the Yellow vests movement, the Danish People's Party, Fidesz, the People's Party, Occupy, Syriza, Podemos, Jobbik and Alternative for Germany.
Responding to Violent Extremism
This module will bridge the gap between academic study and pragmatic policy. It will consider how extremist ideas come into politics through extremist versions of ideology and religion, based on theories of prominent writers in the field.
It will consider political ideologies' reliance on power and the role of violence through past case studies such as anarchism, Nazism and religious extremism. The module will also look at responses to terrorism utilising a case study approach that explores the United Kingdom's and United States of America's methods.
Russia and Great Power Politics: From Lenin to Putin
"Russia is a Great Power or it is nothing" – this belief has dominated Russian foreign policy thinking in the past as it does today. The module develops an understanding of Russia's international politics in historical perspective – from the October Revolution in 1917 until today. Why is being a Great Power so important to Moscow and how successful has the country been in achieving and maintaining this status in the international system? What is Russia's self-perception as an international actor and how does this contrast with the country's international image?
Within the framework of relevant theoretical approaches to the study of international relations, the module will focus on a wide range of historical events and developments that will lead to a better understanding of Russia's role in the world today. Themes to be discussed will include, amongst others:
Stalinism and Soviet foreign policy
Gorbachev's 'New Thinking'
Military power and foreign policy
Russia and its neighbours
The annexation of the Crimea
Human rights and international relations
Secret Intelligence and International Security
This module is an introduction to the concepts and practices of secret intelligence and its place within international security. The module is split into three sections.
The first examines conceptual issues and models; the second explores some of the roles of intelligence in the 21st century; and the third examines how intelligence actors can actively shape international relations. These are highly relevant issues, which are regularly in the media.
Special Relationship? Anglo-American Security Relations
The Anglo-American so-called 'Special Relationship' has provoked controversy since the term was coined after World War Two. To some commentators it has represented an attempt by the UK to hide its decline by lofty rhetoric and becoming the 'poodle' of a Superpower. To others, it has been a relationship that has served the interests of both countries and provided a foundation for Western cooperation.
This module explores the salient aspects of a relationship that has been built around security, conventional and nuclear. On the one hand, it investigates areas of collaboration, such as nuclear and intelligence sharing, where the US and the UK have worked closely together. On the other, it uncovers issues that have provoked tension between the two sides and it seeks to understand the depth of these disagreements.
The first part of the module looks at the period of the Cold War, when both countries were focused on the threat from the Soviet Union. The second part of part of the module looks at the post-Cold War period and how the relationship has fared amidst the US-led War on Terror and the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq.
The War in Iraq
This module will comprehensively deconstruct the causes, conduct and consequences of one of the most controversial wars of the modern era: the invasion and occupation of Iraq. It will assess how the road to war was paved at the United Nations and through the formulation of a 'coalition of the willing'. It will then critically evaluate how the swiftly concluded invasion of Iraq and toppling of Saddam Hussein gave way to a vicious insurgency.
The adaptation of the US military to the demands of counter-insurgency warfare will be analysed, as will British military performance in southern Iraq. The module will end by critically assessing the effectiveness of the 'surge' strategy under the implementation of Gen. David Petraeus, and evaluating the utility of 'analogical reasoning' through comparisons with the Vietnam War.
Prohibition America
Why did National Prohibition officially begin in the United States in 1920?
What were the goals and intentions of the powerful women's reform movements and religious pressure groups calling for dramatic restrictions on alcohol?
Why was there so much political support for state and national restrictions, particularly during the First World War? Why was prohibition so hard to police during the 1920s?
The restrictions on what and how you could drink reshaped American society, politics, and culture during the 1920s and 1930s. Prohibition transformed alcohol consumption, opened up new leisure activities, and increased bootlegging, smuggling, and other criminal activities. However, popular histories and media representations of the prohibition years are full of myths and stereotypes. On this module, you will challenge these to build a better understanding of an important period in the 20th century United States.
US Foreign Policy, 1989 - present
Explore US foreign policy in the post-Cold War period.
You will examine the historical narratives of American international relations, considering the drivers behind the foreign policies of Presidents George H W Bush, Bill Clinton, George W Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump.
More specifically, we will consider:
Whether the post-1989 period constituted a break from previous traditions in US foreign policy, or whether there has been an essential continuity through the war on terror and beyond
The impact of economics, geopolitics, ideology and security issues on post-1989 strategy in different regions of the world
The impact of a new international environment, marked by the demise of bipolarity and the rise of globalisation
You'll spend around three hours per week in lectures and seminars on this module.
Popular Music Cultures and Countercultures
This module examines the role played by American popular music in countercultural movements. We focus on the ways in which marginalised, subordinate or dissenting social groups have used popular music as a vehicle for self-definition and for re-negotiating their relationship to the social, economic and cultural mainstream. We explore how the mainstream has responded to music countercultures in ways that range from repression to co-optation and analyse how the music and the movements have been represented and reflected on in fiction, film, poetry, journalism and theory. Among the key moments examined are the folk revival and the 1930s Popular Front, rock 'n' roll and desegregation in the 1950s, rock music and the 1960s counterculture, and postmodernism and identity politics in the music of the MTV age.
History of the Civil Rights Movement
This module examines a range of documents and scholarly controversies pertaining to the Civil Rights Movement between 1940 and 1970. Documents will include public and organisational records, photo-journalism, speeches, memoir and personal papers.
Controversies will include those relating to the chronological limits, spatial dynamics, and gender politics of the movement, as well as those relating to the movement's goals and achievements.
Ethnic and New Immigrant Writing
This module will consider the development of 'ethnic' and new immigrant literature in the United States from the late 19th century to the contemporary era. You will examine a range of texts from life-writing to short fiction and the novel by writers from a range of ethno-cultural backgrounds, including Irish, Jewish, Caribbean and Asian American. Issues for discussion will include the claiming of the United States by new immigrant and 'ethnic' writers; race and ethnicity; gender, class and sexuality; labour and economic status; the uses and re-writing of American history and 'master narratives'; the impact of US regionalism; how writers engage with the American canon; multiculturalism and the 'culture wars'; and the growth of 'ethnic' American writing and Ethnic Studies as academic fields.
North American Film Adaptations
This module examines North American short stories and novels and their film adaptations, paying attention to the contexts in which both the literary and the cinematic texts are produced as well as to the analysis of the texts themselves. In particular, the module takes an interest in literary texts whose film adaptations have been produced in different national contexts to the source material.
Varieties of Classic American Film, Television and Literature since 1950
What is a film, television or literary classic? How has this term come under pressure and fractured over the past half century or so? In this module you will consider the concept of the mid and late twentieth century American "classic" in a variety of contrasting and overlapping contexts. These contexts will be elaborated on the basis of their formal, generic, period and/or cultural designations that will cover university and exam curricula reading lists, popular opinion and widespread critical consensus (such as the currently prevalent view, for instance, that the early twenty-first century constitutes a 'golden age' of US television).
Recent Queer Writing
This module explores lesbian, gay, transgender and queer writing, focusing especially on the search for agency and the representation of gender and sexuality in selected contemporary texts. The majority of writers studied will be Canadian, although some American examples will also be included. The module is multi-generic, engaging with forms including novels, short fiction, life writing, poetry, drama and graphic narratives. Topics for discussion will include:
LGBTQ sexuality;
constructions of masculinity and femininity;
the politics of representation: the extent to which writing can enable agency as subjects or citizens;
intersections between race, ethnicity, class, nationality, religion, and the construction of gender and sexual identites
writing for LGBTQ youth
literature studies will be contextualized in relation to relevant debates in feminist, queer, post-colonial and transnational theories
Representative authors for study may include James Baldwin, Jane Rule, Dionne Brand, Dorothy Allison, Shyam Selvadurai, Tomson Highway, Leslie Feinberg, and Ivan Coyote.
American Madness: Mental Illness in History and Culture
Experiences of and ideas about madness, insanity, and mental illness have varied and changed radically within American history and culture. This module will survey and analyse these changes from the mid-19thcentury to the present. We will consider how and why medical authority, gender, and class have all impacted the way in which mental illness is understood, and consider the significance of changing approaches to treatment. Sources used on this interdisciplinary module range from medical accounts and psychiatric theory to memoir, fiction and film. The aim is to place representations of mental illness in their historical context, and to ask what they reveal about related ideas about identity, conformity, social care and responsibility.
Sexuality in American History
From the Puritans to Playboy, sexuality has been a focal point in the culture, politics, and society of the United States. This module will examine Americans' differing attitudes over time toward sexuality. Representative topics covered may include marriage and adultery, homosexuality and heterosexuality, nudity, abortion, birth control, prostitution, free love, and rape.
The Special Relationship, Spit and Slavery - Britain and the US 1776-1877
Reassess the Anglo-American relationship, during an era of major upheaval in both nations.
Spanning from the American Revolution through to the end of the Reconstruction era, you will be challenged to examine how events and ideas forced Britons and Americans to reconceptualize their relationship.
You will engage with concepts that are crucial in the formation of the modern world, including:
Troubled Empire: The Projection of American Global Power from Pearl Harbor to Covid-19
This module will challenge students to critically engage with the period that Henry Luce referred to as the "American Century". It will cover a range of case studies between Luce's injunction and the subsequent US entry into World War Two in 1941 and the recent twin-crises marked by the 2008 Great Recession and the Covid-19 global pandemic. In doing so, it will prompt students to consider both the projection of American power on a global scale after 1941 and the considerable challenges that this project faced. Incorporating a series of focused case studies and reflections on the wider contexts relating to them, it will give students first-hand experience of weighing up the practical challenges US policymakers faced and the way that historians have subsequently assessed their efforts and understood their actions.
Where you will learn
University Park Campus
University Park Campus covers 300 acres, with green spaces, wildlife, period buildings and modern facilities. It is one of the UK's most beautiful and sustainable campuses, winning a national Green Flag award every year since 2003.
Most schools and departments are based here. You will have access to libraries, shops, cafes, the Students' Union, sports village and a health centre.
You can walk or cycle around campus. Free hopper buses connect you to our other campuses. Nottingham city centre is 15 minutes away by public bus or tram.
Digital Transformations Hub
Make your coursework and projects stand out using the latest digital technology and techniques
Borrow equipment to capture content in the field
Build your skills through  volunteer digital projects
The Language Centre
Broaden your career and travel options by learning a language alongside your degree. We offer Arabic, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin Chinese, Russian and Spanish.
Classes are available from beginner level (all languages) to near-native speaker competence (in some languages) in 10 credit, semester-long modules. But don't worry if your timetable is full, you can learn at your own pace in our self-access centre or attend our evening classes.
UK students
£20,000*
*For full details including fees for part-time students and reduced fees during your time studying abroad or on placement (where applicable), see our fees page.
If you are a student from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you may be asked to complete a fee status questionnaire and your answers will be assessed using guidance issued by the UK Council for International Student Affairs (UKCISA) .
All students will need at least one device to approve security access requests via Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA). We also recommend students have a suitable laptop to work both on and off-campus. For more information, please check the equipment advice.
Essential course materials are supplied.
You'll be able to access most of the books you'll need through our libraries, though you may wish to buy your own copies of core texts. A limited number of modules have compulsory texts which you are required to buy. We recommend that you budget £100 per year for books, but this figure will vary according to which modules you take. The Blackwell's bookshop on campus offers a year-round price match against any of the main retailers (e.g. Amazon, Waterstones, WH Smith). They also offer second-hand books, as students from previous years sell their copies back to the bookshop.
Volunteering and placements
For volunteering and placements e.g. work experience and teaching in schools, you will need to pay for transport and refreshments.
Year Abroad (optional for this course)
Reduced fees (subject to change):
As a Year Abroad student, you will pay reduced fees, currently set at:
Home/EU students: £1,385
International: 50% of the relevant international fee
Costs incurred during the year abroad:
These vary from country to country, but always include:
Depending on the country visited you may also have to pay for:
self-funded language courses
additional administration fees and study supplies in the host country or organisation
There are a number of sources of funding:
Student Finance Loan
Means-tested travel grant
University of Nottingham bursaries and scholarships
Your access to funding depends on:
the course you are taking
your residency status
where you live in term time
You may be able to work or teach during your year abroad. This will be dependent on your course and country-specific regulations. Often students receive a small salary or stipend for these work placements. Working or teaching is not permitted in all countries.
More information on the year abroad.
Optional field trips
Field trips allow you to engage with source materials on a personal level and to develop different perspectives. They are optional and costs to you vary according to the trip; some require you to arrange your own travel, refreshments and entry fees, while some are some are wholly subsidised.
For additional costs relating to Politics, please see the Politics and International Relations BA course page.
The University of Nottingham offers a wide range of bursaries and scholarships. These funds can provide you with an additional source of non-repayable financial help. For up to date information regarding tuition fees, visit our fees and finance pages.
Home students*
Over one third of our UK students receive our means-tested core bursary, worth up to £1,000 a year. Full details can be found on our financial support pages.
* A 'home' student is one who meets certain UK residence criteria. These are the same criteria as apply to eligibility for home funding from Student Finance.
We offer a range of international undergraduate scholarships for high-achieving international scholars who can put their Nottingham degree to great use in their careers.
Job prospects
As a Politics and American Studies graduate, you will have gained valuable transferable skills, including:
adaptability, independence and initiative
strong communication, both oral and written
presenting ideas and information, including collaboratively
planning and researching written work
source analysis
Read our American and Canadian Studies graduate profiles
You can also learn more about subject-related careers opportunities from our Careers and Employability Service:
Politics skills and careers
American Studies skills and careers
Average starting salary and career progression
82.9% of undergraduates from the School of Politics and International Relations secured graduate level employment or further study within 15 months of graduation. The average annual salary for these graduates was £27,509.*
* HESA Graduate Outcomes 2019/20 data published in 2022. The Graduate Outcomes % is derived using The Guardian University Guide methodology. The average annual salary is based on graduates working full-time within the UK.
81% of undergraduates from the Department of Cultural, Media and Visual Studies secured graduate level employment or further study within 15 months of graduation. The average annual salary for these graduates was £23,938.*
*HESA Graduate Outcomes 2019/20 data published in 2022. The Graduate Outcomes % is derived using The Guardian University Guide methodology. The average annual salary is based on graduates working full-time within the UK.
Studying for a degree at the University of Nottingham will provide you with the type of skills and experiences that will prove invaluable in any career, whichever direction you decide to take.
Throughout your time with us, our Careers and Employability Service can work with you to improve your employability skills even further; assisting with job or course applications, searching for appropriate work experience placements and hosting events to bring you closer to a wide range of prospective employers.
Have a look at our careers page for an overview of all the employability support and opportunities that we provide to current students.
The University of Nottingham is consistently named as one of the most targeted universities by Britain's leading graduate employers (Ranked in the top ten in The Graduate Market in 2013-2020, High Fliers Research).
American and Canadian Studies (Study Abroad) BA
This course provides the opportunity to study the literature, history, politics, music, visual arts and popular culture of the United States and Canada.
American and Canadian Studies BA
Study the literature, history, politics, music, visual arts and popular culture of the United States and Canada.
American Studies and English BA
This wide-ranging and diverse course combines the study of English and American literatures and cultures.
American Studies and History BA
Combine modules in American and global history, and develop a deeper understanding of historical development across a broad geographical range.
American Studies and Latin American Studies BA
Combine learning Spanish with the history, culture, politics, literature and film of North America, Spanish America and, where appropriate, British and Iberian histories and cultures.
Politics and Economics BA
On BA Politics and Economics, you'll study global and comparative politics, as well as micro and macroeconomics.
Politics and International Relations BA
Our BA Politics and International Relations will sharpen your awareness of current affairs and your comprehension of the complex processes that underpin our society.
Liberal Arts BA
Choose from 18 different subjects and work to tackle global issues with this innovative Liberal Arts degree.
Arts and Humanities BA Courses with Foundation Year BA
This arts and humanities foundation year allows you to prepare for a degree if you do not meet our usual undergraduate entry criteria. You will develop key skills including, communication, critical thinking, teamwork, and digital capabilities. Progression is automatic on successful completion of the foundation year. There are 22 destination degrees to choose from.
Film and Television Studies and American Studies BA
Explore how these artforms, industries and countries can shape and influence our daily lives. You'll look at them both individually and when their power is combined.
Book an open day
This online prospectus has been drafted in advance of the academic year to which it applies. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information is accurate at the time of publishing, but changes (for example to course content) are likely to occur given the interval between publishing and commencement of the course. It is therefore very important to check this website for any updates before you apply for the course where there has been an interval between you reading this website and applying.
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text:
Иоаннис Давос (; ) — греческий военный деятель, генерал, занимал должность начальника Генерального штаба греческой армии и начальника Генерального штаба Греции.

Биография
Родился Иоаннис Давос в деревне Святого Георгия Месинии в 1918 году. Поступил в Военное училище эвэлпидов, но начало победной для греков греко-итальянской войны прервало его учёбу. Принимал активное участие в кампаний на фронте и был ранен в битве при Требешине. После того как на помощь терпящим поражения итальянцам пришла гитлеровская Германия, последовали немецкое вторжение в Грецию и оккупация. Давос сражался в
в составе Национального сопротивления, формируя вооруженные партизанские группы в Трифилии и Олимпии. После освобождения в 1944 году он был повышен до капитана и участвовал в последующей гражданской войне и постепенно Давос продвигался по карьерной лестнице. В 1951 был повышен до майора, в 1956 Давос был повышен до подполковник, в 1967 до полковника, а в 1970 до бригадного генерала. Командовал 30-м пехотным полком и 11-й пехотной дивизией, а также служил на различных штабных должностях, в том числе два раза на Кипре в 1964—66 годах.

В 1973 Давос был повышен до генерал-лейтенанта и был назначен на должность командира третьего армейского корпуса в Македонии. Во время кризиса в июле 1974 года Давос был командующим армии. Группа армии потребовала отставки хунты и таким образом Димитриос Иоаннидис передал власть гражданскому правительству во главе с премьер-министром Константиноса Караманлиса. Вскоре после этого, 19 августа 1974 года, Давос был назначен начальником генерального штаба греческой армии. С этой позиции он помог обеспечить лояльность армии новому режиму, который все ещё находился под угрозой со стороны офицеров. Давос продолжал занимать этот пост до 13 сентября 1976 года, когда он был повышен до звания генерала и назначен на должность начальника Генерального штаба Вооружённых сил Греции.
Давос ушёл в отставку 10 января 1980 года, и впоследствии занимал пост заместителя министра национальной обороны в январе-мае 1981 года. Умер 15 января 2008 года.

Был женат, имел троих детей.

Примечания

Начальники Генерального штаба национальной обороны Греции
Полные генералы Греции

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ballsbridge is a richly historic center located in the county of Dublin in Ireland. Its location is a high-end real estate destination with one of the streets being ranked as being the 6th most expensive in world rankings in the year 2007. Due to its lucrative addresses, most of the diplomatic residences in the county of Dublin are located in the area. The embassies of countries like the United States, UK, Spain and others are also in this area. The area's name is derived from Balls Bridge that was built in 1971 over River Dodder.
The exclusive and tranquility of the area began from these early times as the area was meant for construction of houses for upper-class families only with the working class residences being decreed to be to the North East side of the bridge. Ballsbridge is an area steeped in rugby with one of the oldest international stadiums situated in the town and was recently renovated to have a 50,000-seater capacity by an insurance that also granted them a 10 year sponsorship deal that saw the stadium renamed to Aviva Stadium.
With the rich history and culture that Ballsbridge has to offer comes a vast offering of delicacies that can be ordered online and delivered to your preferred destination within record time. We offer takeaway services to clients from the various restaurants and eateries that have partnered with us in the area. This allows you to enjoy meals from your favorite restaurant in Ballsbridge without necessarily physically being at the restaurant or eatery.
Whether it is a meal you wish you had started to prepare early, or just a bite as you watch your favorite movie, Marvin.ie is the answer. With a rich database of different types of restaurants to their menu offerings, you will be splilt for choice. Due to the high value real estate addresses in Ballsbridge, meals are quite pricey but customers can expect to get the quality of chef prepared Chinese, Thai or Indian delicacy in the various restaurants where cooking is on the staid, conservative side.
Alternatively, one can order a pizza with specifications for it to be prepared in vegetarian manner or gourmet. Chippers, Irish's greasy hidden secret, are also among the outlets that have their menu offerings ready to be ordered for takeaway. Most of these eateries concentrate around Ballsbridge village that is located on Pembroke Road on the way to the Royal Dublin Society. Here the customers can order their favorite choice of deep-fried foods like fish and chips. For those who are health conscious, Vegetarian dishes are also available for ordering while Muslims can also get Halal foods.
Here at Marvin you can easily, quickly and safely order delicious food for delivery or collection from local takeaways in Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. Just take your pick of the restaurants on the list and click on to their menu. There you can order just what you fancy. In Ballsbridge, Dublin 4 you can amongst other things choose from pizza, chinese or vegetarian.


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The Sheriff's Office has developed an organized system of information storage, retrieval and review which is part of the overall research and decision making capacity, relative to both inmate and operational needs.
This bureau facilitates decision making, research and timely responses to inquiries. It is concerned with the total flow of data that reaches the administrative staff to assist them in planning future policy and direction and to control resources and activities.
While the primary goal of the Research and Development Bureau is to provide statistical, legal and budgetary information for use in making management decisions, the bureau is also designed to perform five distinct functions:
1. Coordinate and Formulate the Office's Annual Operating and Capital Budget Requests
2. On-going Sheriff's Office research;
3. Information for Administrative/Management decision making;
4. Inmate population statistics; and
5. Rapid response to ad hoc inquiries.
Collecting statistical information about the inmate population has long been a responsibility of this bureau. Using the inmate population and other data collected, this bureau is responsible for refining and analyzing this information in order to assist in identifying specific problem areas and broad correctional trends. These research endeavors have provided critical feedback and will create a broader, more solid base on which to develop correctional policy. The bureau consists of a Lieutenant and a Principal Clerk, who are responsible for completing all of the tasks assigned to it over the course of the year.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Editorial: A new water tax might be California's best chance at clean water for all
Opinion // Editorials
Chronicle Editorial Board May 13, 2019 Updated: May 13, 2019 6:03 p.m.
Editorial: A new water tax might be California's best...
1of2California Governor Gavin Newsom releases details of his revised state budget for fiscal 2019-2020 during a press conference at the State Capitol on Thursday. May 09, 2019, in Sacramento, Ca.Photo: Michael Macor, Special To The Chronicle
2of2California Governor Gavin Newsom on May 09, 2019, in Sacramento, Ca.Photo: Michael Macor / Special To The Chronicle
At least 1 million Californians don't have stable access to clean drinking water. That's a shameful and unacceptable fact in this wealthy state.
In his February State of the State address, Gov. Gavin Newsom called the safe drinking water crisis — which is centered in lower-income communities ranging from the coasts to the Central Valley — "a moral disgrace and a medical emergency."
He's right.
Six million Californians rely on a water provider that has violated the state's standards in the past six years, and hundreds of thousands of residents who can't drink or bathe in the water from their taps must rely on bottled water, which is expensive from both an individual and environmental perspective.
The federal government should have stepped in to help California maintain its water infrastructure by now. Fixing the state's substandard water infrastructure could limit the amount of toxic chemicals leaching into the water supplies for both households and agriculture.
It's a mark of Washington's dysfunction that it's been completely absent from this discussion. Newsom is right to soldier ahead, but his proposed fix will face steep headwinds. Water customers would pay an extra monthly amount ranging between 95 cents and $10. There also would be new fees on agricultural interests.
Chronicle Editorial Board
Editorial: Environmental law could protect East Bay parking...
Editorial: How Uber, Lyft accelerated into a traffic jam
Newsom is picking up on former Gov. Jerry Brown's 2018 effort to impose a fee on water bills for water infrastructure cleanup. Brown's plan would've imposed a smaller fee — just 95 cents per water bill per month — but it died in the state Legislature, the victim of nervous lawmakers worried about imposing yet another new fee just before an election.
Newsom will be facing that same lawmaker skepticism. There's little evidence that the voters have suddenly gained a new appetite for new fees and taxes. He's also facing (rightful) criticism that his proposal might exempt the agricultural industry from long-term pollution liabilities.
Still, the governor is right to press for a solution to this critical issue. The state Legislature must meet him halfway.
This commentary is from The Chronicle's editorial board. We invite you to express your views in a letter to the editor. Please submit your letter via our online form: SFChronicle.com/letters.
Cheating: that dark American pastime
Ode to San Rafael: my unremarkable hometown
Last Word: confessions of a San Francisco car owner


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Justia Dockets & Filings Tenth Circuit Utah District Court SCO Grp v. Novell Inc Filing 282
SCO Grp v. Novell Inc
NOTICE of Corrected Filing by Novell, Inc. re 273 MOTION for Partial Summary Judgment on SCO's Non-Compete Claim in its Second Claim for Breach of Contract and Fifth Claim for Unfair Competition (Sneddon, Heather)
SCO Grp v. Novell Inc Doc. 282 Case 2:04-cv-00139-DAK-BCW Document 282 Filed 04/20/2007 Page 1 of 4 MORRISON & FOERSTER LLP Michael A. Jacobs (pro hac vice) Kenneth W. Brakebill (pro hac vice) Grant L. Kim (pro hac vice) 425 Market Street San Francisco, CA 94105-2482 Telephone: (415) 268-7000 Facsimile: (415) 268-7522 ANDERSON & KARRENBERG Thomas R. Karrenberg, #3726 John P. Mullen, #4097 Heather M. Sneddon, #9520 700 Chase Tower 50 West Broadway Salt Lake City, UT 84101 Telephone: (801) 534-1700 Facsimile: (801) 364-7697 Attorneys for Defendant and Counterclaimant Novell, Inc. IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT DISTRICT OF UTAH, CENTRAL DIVISION THE SCO GROUP, INC., a Delaware corporation, Plaintiff and CounterclaimDefendant, vs. NOVELL, INC., a Delaware corporation, Defendant and CounterclaimPlaintiff. NOVELL'S MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT ON SCO'S NON-COMPETE CLAIM IN ITS SECOND CLAIM FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT AND FIFTH CLAIM FOR UNFAIR COMPETITION Case No. 2:04CV00139 Judge Dale A. Kimball Dockets.Justia.com Case 2:04-cv-00139-DAK-BCW Document 282 Filed 04/20/2007 Page 2 of 4 Novell, Inc. ("Novell") moves the Court for partial summary judgment as to The SCO Group, Inc.'s ("SCO's") non-compete claim in its Second Claim for breach of contract and Fifth Claim for unfair competition. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 permits the Court to grant partial summary judgment if the pleadings, discovery, and affidavits show that there is no genuine issue of material fact and that Novell is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. SCO's non-compete claim is based on the assertion that the Asset Purchase Agreement ("APA") and Technology License Agreement ("TLA") each contained a non-compete clause that prohibited Novell from using Licensed Technology to compete with SCO's core operatingsystem products. SCO has asserted essentially the same non-compete claim as part of both its Second Claim for breach of contract, and its Fifth Claim for unfair competition. Novell is entitled to summary judgment on SCO's non-compete claim for three independent reasons. First, the plain language of the TLA and the APA demonstrates that the clause cited by SCO is merely a limitation on the scope of Novell's retained license, and not an affirmative covenant not to compete. As a matter of law, SCO may not use this limitation on the scope of Novell's license as a "sword" to bring a claim for breach of an affirmative covenant that simply does not exist. Second, the contracts expressly provide that the limitation on the scope of Novell's license shall "cease to exist" upon Santa Cruz's sale of substantially all of its assets. The undisputed facts establish that Santa Cruz sold substantially all of its assets to SCO's predecessor, Caldera, in 2001. This sale terminated the contractual limitation on which SCO relies. 1 Case 2:04-cv-00139-DAK-BCW Document 282 Filed 04/20/2007 Page 3 of 4 Finally, under controlling California law, a covenant not to sell competing products is void except in narrow circumstances that do not apply here. Therefore, even if the TLA imposed an affirmative non-compete obligation that was not automatically terminated by the Change of Control, this obligation would be void as a matter of law. Accordingly, Novell respectfully requests that its motion for partial summary judgment be granted. DATED: April 20, 2007 ANDERSON & KARRENBERG By: /s/ Heather M. Sneddon Thomas R. Karrenberg John P. Mullen Heather M. Sneddon -andMORRISON & FOERSTER LLP Michael A. Jacobs (pro hac vice) Kenneth W. Brakebill (pro hac vice) Grant L. Kim (pro hac vice) Attorneys for Defendant and Counterclaim-Plaintiff Novell, Inc. 2 Case 2:04-cv-00139-DAK-BCW Document 282 Filed 04/20/2007 Page 4 of 4 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I HEREBY CERTIFY that on this 20th day of April, 2007, I caused a true and correct copy of NOVELL'S MOTION FOR PARTIAL SUMMARY JUDGMENT ON SCO'S NON-COMPETE CLAIM IN ITS SECOND CLAIM FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT AND FIFTH CLAIM FOR UNFAIR COMPETITION to be served to the following: Via CM/ECF: Brent O. Hatch Mark F. James HATCH JAMES & DODGE, P.C. 10 West Broadway, Suite 400 Salt Lake City, Utah 84101 Stuart H. Singer William T. Dzurilla Sashi Bach Boruchow BOIES, SCHILLER & FLEXNER LLP 401 East Las Olas Blvd., Suite 1200 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33301 David Boies Edward J. Normand BOIES, SCHILLER & FLEXNER LLP 333 Main Street Armonk, New York 10504 Devan V. Padmanabhan John J. Brogan DORSEY & WHITNEY, LLP 50 South Sixth Street, Suite 1500 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55401 Via U.S. Mail, postage prepaid: Stephen Neal Zack BOIES, SCHILLER & FLEXNER LLP 100 Southeast Second Street, Suite 2800 Miami, Florida 33131 /s/ Heather M. Sneddon 3