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Investing Advice And InformationStock Market NewsGLOBAL STOCK INVESTOR HOTLINE UPDATE 89
/ January 8, 2021 @ 5:22 pm
The Bulls Are Running In 2021: Don't Get Left Out (But Don't Get Trampled)
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GLOBAL STOCK INVESTOR HOTLINE UPDATE 89
Nicholas Vardy
Nicholas Vardy has a unique background that has proven his knack for making money in different markets around the world.
Your Global Stock Investor portfolio was largely flat this week, as your currency bets stayed within a trading range. Meanwhile, most of Europe officially fell into recession last quarter. The recession is the first for the euro zone — the 15 countries that now use the euro currency — since the euro was launched in late 1999. With the United Kingdom also on the verge of recession, look for both the euro and the British pound sterling to continue to weaken.
That said, you may see the British pound and the euro rally over the short term before they resume their downward trend against the U.S. dollar. Use any of these opportunities to add to your positions in the Direxion Funds Dollar Bull 2.5x Fund (DXDBX) and the Market Vectors Double Short Euro ETN (DRR).
The bullish trend for the U.S. dollar remains firmly intact as foreign investors flock to long-maturity U.S. securities. More than $52.7 billion flowed into these instruments in September — up from only $8.1 billion in August. By a broader measure, net foreign capital inflow was $143.4 billion in September versus $21.4 billion in August. Despite the pressures on the economy, U.S. dollar-denominated assets became much more attractive to foreigners as the financial crisis intensified.
The strength of the U.S. dollar has caught many economic forecasters by surprise. They underestimated the Greenback's continued status as the world's safe haven and reserve currency. Churchill said that "democracy is the worst form of government — except for all the others that have been tried." The same can be said of the U.S. dollar during times of uncertainty. As long as global markets remain in their current state, your bullish dollar plays will remain your safest bets and all remain BUYs.
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The WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund (CYB) was flat this week even as China's stocks plunged yesterday, dragging the benchmark index to its biggest decline since June, as slumping commodity prices heightened concern the global recession will hurt the world's fastest-growing major economy. But as a managed currency, the downside in the yuan is limited. CYB is a safe haven BUY.
The Direxion Funds Dollar Bull 2.5x Fund (DXDBX) pulled back from its record highs last Wednesday even as the British pound sterling tumbled down to $1.46 last week before correcting to the $1.50 level. Nevertheless, thanks to large interest rate differentials between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies, combined with the relative weakness of foreign economies, the bullish trend for the dollar against this basket of six currencies remains firmly in place. DXDBX remains a BUY.
The Market Vectors Double Short Euro ETN (DRR) rose yesterday as the U.S. dollar edged higher against the euro after U.S. capital inflows in October surged to their highest levels in nearly three years. The next point of resistance for the euro is 1.23 to the dollar. At that point, you can expect DRR to trade up around the $62.00 level. DRR is a BUY.
The CurrencyShares Japanese Yen Trust (FXY) broke through the $105 level last Wednesday before closing just above the $103 level yesterday. The yen continues to be a solid bet on the de-leveraging of the global economy through the unwinding of the "carry trade". FXY is a BUY.
The Rydex Managed Futures Strategy Fund (RYMFX) was flat in its first week in the Global Stock Investor portfolio as the major trends in the managed futures sector — energy and currencies — were locked in a relatively tight trading range this week. This strategy is one of the very few that has made money this year, and has a very low correlation with the stock market. It remains a defensive BUY.
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Doubling Up Your Bet Against Britain
There was little relief in global markets last week as they seemed to have little confidence that the G20 meeting over the weekend would offer major solutions to the current financial crisis. The Dow Jones Industrial Average ended down 5% for the week. The S&P lost 6.2%, while the Nasdaq fell 7.9%. European and Asian markets both fell about 8%. Latin America declined about 7.4%. Russia was down a whopping 25%.
/ May 11, 2011 @ 12:01 pm
Commodities Correct While Asia Booms
Dividend PRO Hotline
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A 10.25% Yield Using the "Forbidden" Income Strategy
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A Success Story from the Steel City
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Mozart, Arnold Schwarzenegger, and the Blue Danube…
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Bob Carlson provides independent, objective research covering all the financial issues of retirement and retirement planning. In addition, Bob serves as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Fairfax County (VA) Employees' Retirement System, which has over $2.8 billion in assets.
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Why the Stock Market Soared After the Democrats Won
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Spicy Chicken and Corn Tacos are a seriously tasty taco packed with chicken breast, corn, and plenty of spice. They come together in under 20 minutes for a healthy, easy dinner.
I have a vault of taco recipes – slow cooker tacos, vegetarian tacos, fish tacos, taco salads, crispy tacos – you get the idea. But in my mind since you can never have enough taco options, so why not add one more with this simple weeknight spicy chicken and corn taco recipe. Instead of reaching for a premade taco seasoning (packed with preservatives) or preseasoned meats (packed with extra calories), you can make your own at home in the same amount of time. This one adds fresh corn but you could substitute in any veggie. I have used zucchini, diced tomatoes, and even spinach successfully. Paired with some smoky spices and my favorite chipotle peppers and you have a quick and delicious taco dinner.
Now when it comes to making tacos, I think few things are critical. First let's talk about the tortillas. If you have a gas range, then I recommend quickly cooking them directly on the flame for just a few seconds on each side. This adds a touch of char and takes the taco to the next level. Then there is heat. You can either add heat directly to the tacos, like we do in this recipe, or you can add salsa. For these tacos, we are going to create a salsa right in the pan using chipotle peppers. Chipotle peppers are smoked jalapenos and are so much flavor to recipes. However they can be really spicy, so add them them slowly until you get the spice level you want.
Although I opted for chicken breast, you can use chicken thighs as well. Ground turkey or beef will also work out really well in this recipe, as would some beans for a vegetarian option. Cauliflower also works.
This recipe has spice from both a fresh jalapeno and chipotles. If you want things less spicy, don't add the fresh jalapeno. Keep the chipotle since they add smokiness as well, but add it without the seeds for less spice.
This recipe is just for the filling. I recommend using corn tortillas that you lightly char on the stove. For a lower carb option, you can use a lower carb tortilla or lettuce wraps.
Look for more healthy taco recipes?


White Nights in Saint Petersburg. Timelapse & Hyperlapse.
Description: The footage was made in the end of June during white nights season and Scarlet Sails festival. St. Petersburg is a wonderful city on Neva River. White nights, drawbridges, lots of various historical monuments and locations. Not without reasons, is called Northern Venice and for Russians it is a cultural capital of the country.


HCACF fulfills its educating and research functions through review and comparison of alternative plans that are developed for health reform in our state. The alternate plans are reviewed by the Single Payer Task Force, and all HCAC members are welcome to participate in these reviews and weigh in on recommendations.
Comparisons are offered based on the most current published information and may be updated periodically as needed. Over the course of the past few legislative sessions, the plan currently titled "ColoradoCare" has changed names and undergone several revisions. HCACF applauds all efforts to allow more conversation and education surrounding Colorado's health care system and needs for reform.
The comparisons and summaries below were compiled as plans were offered in order to make clear distinctions between the transformational reform that is consistent with our mission and other plans offered.


For storage and transport of long parts or products. Stackable 5-high.
This MP Box is a collapsible/foldable pallet cage of reliable and solid construction which consists of six detachable walls and one connecting element, all fixed to a 2400x1000mm pallet. The six walls are put together sturdily with centering pins and are fastened to the pallet with eight bench hooks.
Also available with one or two short sides open.


Selling a commercial or residential property? Looking to complete paperwork to purchase a lot, office space, or residence? Real estate transactions can be complex and risky if you aren't fully informed on your rights as a buyer or seller. Look to Fred Schaeffer, Esq. to assist in making sense of all the paperwork. He is here to help you.
your living will or trust.
Past President of the Dutchess County Bar Association and past chairman of the Walkway Over the Hudson organization.


Question: I m 13week pregnant. Today i saw blood clots while urinating. Is it harmful??
Answer: As many as one in three women will have some sort of bleeding during their first trimester of pregnancy. This can range from a few brown spots to bright red blood loss and for some, passing large clots. Bleeding can occur at any stage of pregnancy, though it is most common in the first trimester. Still I would strongly recommend you to consult ur doctor as soon as possible so that we know that everything is fine and it is what it is.


text:
Silver Chains – Review dell'ennesimo survival horror
Kyle Orland
@kyleorland
First-person survival horror is a genre that has begun to take hold thanks to the success of the famous Amnesia: The Dark Descent.
Since that now distant 2010, the year the title was released, there have been games on games that attempted to ride the growing wave of horror.
Few actually showed up worthy heirs, since for the most part it was mediocre games who merely emulated the original Amnesia with poor results.
In fact, we found ourselves in a market where survival horror lives on extreme between magnificent titles (such as the famous Alien: Isolation) and absolute mediocrity.
We can anticipate that too Silver chains attempted to follow one road already beaten, but will he have managed at the same time to propose something new and disturbing at the right point?
The title opens with Peter, our protagonist, who has just destroyed his car by crashing into a tree. But as in any self-respecting horror, it is present a huge villa in the wood. Peter catches a glimpse of her and decides to go there for help.
Things, as you can well imagine, they do not go as expected and shortly thereafter we will have to face one scary adventure inside this villa. On the surface it may seem abandoned, but we will soon discover that we are not the only squatters at the moment.
This is how the story of Silver Chains begins, in the most classic of ways and in complete respect for clichés of gender.
An introduction of this type does not imply that the rest of the game is just as obvious, but unfortunately in this case we are faced with a plot that is not unpleasant, but is simply flat and lacking in originality.
What will be behind this door?
The central and fundamental mechanics of Silver Chains is exploration. To continue in the game we will have to carefully inspect the various areas of the villa in order to solve puzzles and small puzzles.
If on the one hand the exploration is pleasant, thanks to the disturbing and macabre atmosphere of the villa, on the other it results all too simple solve the puzzles.
We have rarely had to search for the solution to a puzzle for more than a few minutes and the challenge is practically nil.
As in many titles of this genre, we will not have with us no weapon to defend ourselves and the only way to avoid being killed is to hide.
The problem with this kind of mechanics is the feeling of outdated and outdated that transmits. Not that it is badly managed, but it inevitably turns out limited in 2019.
The spooky and terrifying mansion however, there remains a point in favor of this title, where there is no shortage of rooms and situations from goosebumps.
In addition, some jumpscare which we appreciated. They are never too invasive and have been inserted at the right times.
Unreal Engine 4 and interior design
The game engine is the Unreal Engine 4, which is very powerful in the hands of experienced developers. Unfortunately this is not the case where the potential of the EU4 is unleashed.
The texture layer and of the environments it definitely is enough, but they are absolutely not in step with the times. The lights on the other hand, they were certainly managed in a better way than the rest of the technical sector, given that also the framerate is dancer.
In addition, there are several bugs that have blocked the progression in the game, forcing us to use saves that were later in the story.
The machine the game was tested on was equipped with a RTX2060 but even by virtue of this, the title did not fail to have big framerate drops.
Nothing that made the title unplayable is ever clear, but with specifications of this type, you are not expected to have to go below 30 FPS.
Silver Chains is an insufficient title with major technical deficiencies. On its side it has a great atmosphere, moments that stand out for the level of restlessness and a pretty good soundtrack.
But all this is not enough to make up for the other (serious) shortcomings that this game suffers from. Recommended only if you are extremely fan of this genre of games, as Silver Chains can also be completed in a few hours.
Are you interested in survival horror? Why not check out our reviews of Resident Evil 2 Remake e Resident Evil 7?
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
José Tieri nació en la localidad de Tres Arroyos, Provincia de Buenos Aires en 1903. fue un compositor argentino autor de la música de la Marcha de las Malvinas (1939). Como instrumentista (piano y saxofón) participó en las formaciones de René Cóspito y Eduardo Armani y fue organista de la Catedral en Salta, donde compuso "Himno a la Antártida" con letra de Luis Ortiz Behety. El 3 de enero de 1941 se dio a conocer la composición ganadora en un acto público en el Salón Augusteo de Buenos Aires: Marcha de las Malvinas, por José Tieri y Carlos Obligado. Se entona en los actos de reclamación de la soberanía de las islas Malvinas.

Tieri José

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


At Master Tech auto repair our high quality brake pads are guaranteed not to wear out squeal or make moaning noises for three years or 30,000 miles whichever first.
This includes machining the brake rotors cleaning and lubricating the caliper slide pins and installing the higher quality brake pads.
For most cars and trucks this will cost between 250 and $270 plus tax.
The other option is to install lesser quality and less expensive brake pads.
Our experience has shown that the lesser quality and less expensive brake pads can cause intermittent squealing noises and or moaning noises when coming to a stop and this can leave clients feeling unsafe.
However these brakes are still good safe brakes they are just made of a cheaper brake material that may make annoying noises.
The typical cost for most vehicles for clients that use the cheaper brake pads is between 190 and $210 plus tax and this includes machine in the brake rotors and cleaning and lubricating the caliper slide pins.


The mission of the Sisterhood Gift Shop is to provide the Temple Sholom family and the greater Jewish community with a source for the sanctification and beautification of their lives through Judaica.
We offer a wide variety of merchandise for all holidays and special events. Our beautiful selections range from the traditional to handmade works of contemporary art by Israeli and American artists.The gift shop is staffed entirely by volunteers and all profits go directly to fund Sisterhood programs and special needs of the Temple. Funds have been used for restocking the kitchens with appropriate equipment for the laws of kashruth, remodeling the Ladies Rest Room, and providing support for many congregational simchas. The Sisterhood Gift Shop has everything to make your bar and bat mitzvah perfect - from kippot to tallit, and everything in between.
The Gift Shop is located at the far end of the hall of the Education Wing. It is open on Sundays, 9:00 am–11:30 am and Tuesdays, 11:00 am–1:00 pm & 4:30 pm–6:00 pm when The Learning Center (religious school) is in session. To schedule an appointment outside of these hours, please email [email protected] or call Phyllis Shapiro, 203-637-7809, or Lauren Wels, 914-934-9490.
Please come in and browse. You will be sure to find something you love in our displays.


text:
Sweetwater presents GearFest 2015
Fort Wayne, IN, May 5, 2015 - Sweetwater, the number one online retailer of music instruments and audio equipment in the U.S., will present GearFest '15, a celebration of musicians and the instruments and equipment they use to make and record music, on Friday, June 12 from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., and Saturday, June 13 from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Keyboard Magazine
Fort Wayne, IN, May 5, 2015 - Sweetwater, the number one online retailer of music instruments and audio equipment in the U.S., will present GearFest '15, a celebration of musicians and the instruments and equipment they use to make and record music, on Friday, June 12 from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., and Saturday, June 13 from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., at the Sweetwater campus, 5501 US Hwy 30 W, Fort Wayne, Indiana. GearFest is free and open to the public.
GearFest, the largest music trade show open to the general public in the United States, combines a gear expo, entertainment events, flea market, and musical demonstrations, with seminars and workshops by some of the biggest names in the music industry. GearFest also means two days of great deals on the best music instruments and pro audio gear available.
Sweetwater Founder and President Chuck Surack said, "GearFest has become an extraordinary, one-of-a-kind event in the music retail business. Where else can musicians and music-lovers come to see, hear, enjoy - not to mention buy - what is usually reserved for music industry insiders at your typical trade show? We're also particularly proud to be able to produce this huge event in Fort Wayne, bringing people here from literally all across the country."
GearFest will host a multitude of musicians performing and in workshops continuously on five different stages. Featured guests include Jeff "Skunk" Baxter, founding member of Steely Dan, and session guitarist for the Doobie Brothers, Eric Clapton, and Sheryl Crow; Deep Purple vocalist and bassist Glenn Hughes; Shawn Pelton, drummer for Sheryl Crow, Bob Dylan, Rod Stewart, and Van Morrison; bassist Nathan East, who has worked with Barry White, George Harrison, Sting, and Stevie Wonder; and, guitarist Mike Stern, who has performed with jazz greats like Billy Cobham, Miles Davis, and Jaco Pastorius. Other musicians include guitarists Mark Holcomb and Javier Reyes, keyboardist Steve Weingart, and many more.
Sweetwater's Mitch Gallagher will host an historic panel discussion with three pioneers of synthesis and electronic instruments: Roger Linn, Tom Oberheim, and Dave Smith. Technical Grammy award-winner Roger Linn invented the LM-1 Drum Computer (the first sample-based drum machine) in 1979. He later designed the Akai MPC60, which combined a sampling drum machine with a real-time MIDI sequencer. Dave Smith founded Sequential Circuits, and his Prophet-5 was the world's first fully programmable polyphonic synth, as well as the first musical instrument with an embedded microprocessor. And Tom Oberheim co-designed the Synthesizer Expansion Module (SEM), a device that allowed musicians to simultaneously combine live playing and sequenced playback - a concept that pre-dated the MIDI revolution. They'll share anecdotes and talk synthesis and electronic instruments in this informal roundtable discussion.
A very special attraction will be Sweetwater's hugely expanded and just recently completed new 15,000 square-foot music store. GearFest attendees will experience one of the largest music instrument and audio gear stores in the Midwest, with the largest on-site inventory of any music store in the country.
Special GearFest features include hourly giveaway drawings for free gear totaling more than $70,000, from Gibson, Fender, Antelope, Focal, Roland, Yamaha, Moog, and many others.
More than 400 product lines, including all of the newest musical instruments, music technology, and audio equipment, will be on display in 19 tents and four semi-trailers. In addition, Sweetwater will offer once-in-a-lifetime sale pricing on many products.
GearFest '15 will also offer five Pre-GearFest AMPLIFIED Workshops, on Thursday, June 11, from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. These workshops, which cost as little as $79, include "The Craft of Songwriting," "Shaping the Sound of Worship," "Pursuing the Ultimate Guitar Sound," "The Art of Studio Mixing," and "Synth Tips and Tricks." Space is limited; for more details and to register, go to: HYPERLINK "http://www.sweetwater.com/gearfest/amplified/" http://www.sweetwater.com/gearfest/amplified/
Attendees can bring a guitar for a free restringing and setup, enjoy great food, and experience the newly expanded Sweetwater campus, including the new Crescendo Cafe, featuring coffee drinks and the best ice cream and sweets in the region.
A musicians' flea market, where used equipment can be bought, sold, or traded is open to all. To pre-register to participate in the flea market, call (260) 432-8176.
The entire GearFest '15 schedule of events is available online at: http://www.sweetwater.com/gearfest/schedule/
To speed up the registration process at the festival, you can pre-register online; visit http://www.sweetwater.com/gearfest/register/
Out-of-town guests are encouraged to book hotel accommodations as early as possible. Travel and hotel information for Fort Wayne, IN, is available at: http://www.sweetwater.com/gearfest/hotels/
For more information, call (800) 222-4700.
gearfestNAMMsynthkeyboardssweetwater
Sweetwater Presents GearFest '16
Over 400 Product Lines will be on Display
Sweetwater Presents GearFest '10
Fort Wayne, IN, May 27, 2010 — Sweetwater, the third largest music instrument and pro audio retailer in the world, will present GearFest '10, a celebration of musicians, and the instruments and equipment they use to make music, plus
Roger Linn, Dave Smith, and Tom Oberheim talk synths at Sweetwater GearFest 2015
One of the highlights of Sweetater GearFest this year was a panel discussion in which Dave Smith, Tom Oberheim, and Roger Linn discussed their own work as well as the past, present, and future of synthesizers and electronic musical instruments in general. We present the panel in its entirety here.
NAMM 2015: Clavia releases Nord Electro 5
Nord Keyboards are proud to present the new Electro 5 Series - the latest incarnation of their famous keyboard for the performing musician.
Report from GearFest 2016
NAMM 2015: Dave Smith brings back Sequential, introduces Prophet 6 analog synth
Dave Smith today announced the Sequential Prophet-6, a new 6-voice synthesizer with an all-analog signal path and discrete VCOs and filters. Auspiciously branded with Smith's recently reacquired original company name, the new instrument is aimed squarely at musicians in search of vintage tone with the reliability of modern technology.
New Gear December 2015
New instrument and pro audio equipment for keyboardists


text:
\section{Introduction and Summary}
The importance of measuring magnetic moments of neutrinos stems form the
fact that the existence of such moments points to physics beyond the
standard model. To be sure, a minimal enlargement of the standard model
by means of right handed neutrinos alone leads to the existence of
magnetic moments induced by loops of charged gauge bosons and
charged leptons, \mbox{\em cf.\/ } \cite{leeschrock}. However, due to the fact that
these moments are induced by means of higher order electroweak processes,
their magnitudes are very small. Typically, a diagonal moment is of
the order of magnitude,
\[ \mu_{\nu} \approx 3 \times 10^{-19}\frac{m_{\nu}/1eV}{\mu_{B}},\]
where $ \mu_{B}=e/(2m_{e})$ is the Bohr magneton. Transition moments also
contain mixing angles in their expressions, depending on the mixing schemes
assumed. The important lesson, however, is that the standard model leads to
extremely small moments, beyond measurability for any experiment of the
foreseeable future. Current experimental upper limits are much larger,
typically $\mu \leq 10^{-10} \mbox{$ \mu_{B}$}$,\   \mbox{\em cf.\/ } \cite{PDG}. Limits on transition
moments are, in general, model dependent and currently they are not
listed by the Particle Data Group. However, the consensus is that they are,
typically, larger by an order of magnitude or so.

Should magnetic moments in the range of the current upper limits be measured,
we would have an important low energy signal of the existence of
physics beyond the
standard model, {\em with a very small background coming from the standard
model itself.} Let us give a crude estimate of the relevant energy scale.
For purposes of illustration, we ignore flavor structure and mixing angles:
one hopes that this gives rise to errors of at most an order of magnitude.

The existence of an anomalous magnetic moment gives rise to a Pauli
term in
the low energy effective Lagrangian, \mbox{\em viz.\/ }
\begin{equation}
{\cal L}_{P} = \frac{e}{2m_{\nu}} \kappa \sigma_{\mu \nu} F^{\mu \nu},
\end{equation}
where $m_{\nu}$ is the mass of the neutrino. The quantity $\kappa$ is
the ``low energy'' ($q_{\mu}\rightarrow 0$) limit of a spin flip
amplitude. Within factors of order unity, its magnitude is given by
an expression,
\begin{equation}
\kappa \simeq \frac{m_{\nu}}{\Lambda},
\end{equation}
where $\Lambda$ is the characteristic energy scale of the process
giving rise to the Pauli moment. The factor $m_{\nu}$ in the numerator
is present because an anomalous moment is generated by a spin flip
process. By putting in numbers, we discover for instance that
a magnetic moment of the order of $10^{-10}$\mbox{$ \mu_{B}$} \   corresponds to an
energy scale of the order of $10^{4}$TeV.

Even though estimates of this type appear to be extremely naive ones, they work
quite well in cases where we know the mechanism by means of which a neutral
particle acquires a Pauli moment. Take the neutron as an example. Its
Pauli moment is: $\mu_{n}\approx 1.9 e/(2m_{n})$, \mbox{\em cf.\/ } \cite{PDG}.
Using the previous estimates, we get that the characteristic mass scale is
\[ \Lambda_{n} \simeq 495 {\rm MeV}.\]
This value is quite close to $\Lambda_{QCD}$, which is expected to
characterize structure formation (\mbox{\em i.e. \/} the formation of hadrons out of quarks)
within QCD.

The difficulty with small values of neutrino moments as given by
the upper limits quoted is that their measurement in a terrestrial experiment
is difficult or impossible. To illustrate this point, assume that
$\mu_{\nu} \simeq 10^{-10}$\mbox{$ \mu_{B}$}.\   One can measure a magnetic moment by
inducing a spin flip in a magnetic field. Assuming the field to be a
homogeneous one, the distance over which a spin flip occurs on the average
is roughly $d\approx 1/\mu B$. A typical terrestrial magnet can
maintain a field of the order of magnitude, $ B\simeq 1$Tesla.
Thus, the distance characterizing the spin flip of a moment of
$10^{-10}\mbox{$ \mu_{B}$}$\   is $d\simeq 3\times 10^{4}$km. Clearly, no magnet
can be constructed on Earth which is that long.

The situation is better with transition moments. Depending on the nature of
neutrinos (Dirac or Majorana), a spin flip either leads to an
active$\leftrightarrow$sterile conversion or to a flavor flip,
respectively. From the physical point of view, flavor flips
associated with spin flips are easier to observe and there are many
plausible models available which suggest that Nature may prefer
Majorana neutrinos over Dirac ones. For this reason, we shall
concentrate on Majorana neutrinos. It is to be noted that the observation
of a transition moment contains at least as much physical information as
the measurement of a diagonal moment does: hence there is no
disadvantage in looking for transition moments.

Keeping such arguments in mind, we suggested a way of measuring
transition moments of neutrinos in terrestrial experiments
utilizing facilities to be completed in the near future, namely,
long baseline oscillation experiments, \mbox{\em cf.\/ } \cite{primakoff}.
Better sensitivities can be achieved by utilizing astrophysical
objects, such as an AGN, albeit at the cost of having to live with
greater uncertainties
of the properties of the source.

Briefly, the idea is the following. Around an AGN, charged hadrons,
mostly pions are produced which subsequently decay, predominantly
into muons and $\nu_{\mu}$-s. The muons, being charged and long lived,
are expected to undergo a random walk in the surrounding plasma and
their decay products are unlikely to carry a substantial amount
of directional information about the source. By contrast, a $\nu_{\mu}$,
if left alone, would escape and reach a neutrino telescope, thus
carrying information about the source. In the presence of magnetic fields
in the emerging jets, however, flavor conversion can take place and this may
change the situation substantially.

Presumably, charged particles in a jet are in a turbulent motion, hence, the
magnetic fields generated by them are chaotic. For the sake of simplicity,
we assume that the magnetic field present is a static, isotropic
Gaussian random
field of zero mean and spatial correlation length $L$. This appears
to be a reasonable assumption, as long as the characteristic time scale of the
motion of the charged particles is longer than the time of passage of
neutrinos through the jet. Besides its correlation length, the Gaussian
field is characterized by the m.s. field, $\langle {\bf B}^{2}\rangle $.

One expects that a neutrino traveling in a random magnetic field executes a
``random walk'' between its possible spin orientations. Hence, after a
while, the spin orientations become random; for a Majorana neutrino,
spin equilibrium also means flavor equilibrium. If the neutrino is produced
with a definite spin, its polarization is expected to be damped as a
function of distance, with a characteristic distance ${\cal D}$.

We now argue that, within factors of order unity, the quantity ${\cal{D}}$
is uniquely determined: there is only one combination of the physical
quantities involved which is of the correct dimension.

Due to the fact that the coupling between a magnetic moment and a magnetic
field is proportional to ${\bf \mu \cdot B}$, the only combination in which
the field and the magnetic moment can enter is proportional to
$\mu^{2}\langle {\bf B}^{2}\rangle $, which is of  dimension  $\mbox{\rm length}^{-2}$.
Thus, the inverse spin flip length in  such a Gaussian field must be given
by an expression proportional to
\begin{equation}
{\cal D}^{-1} =  \mu^{2} \langle {\bf B}^{2} \rangle L.
\label{charlength}
\end{equation}

The important point to bear in mind is that the length given by \eq{charlength}
is rather short compared to typical jet sizes: hence, one expects the
equilibrium to be established. In fact, by inserting r.m.s. fields
of the order of a few G, magnetic moments of the order of $10^{-10}$  to
$10^{-8}$\mbox{$ \mu_{B}$} \   and correlation lengths of the order of a pc
($\simeq  3\times 10^{13}$km), one ends up with ${\cal{D}} \ll L$, in
fact, of the order of merely a few times $10^{4}$km.

In the remainder of this talk, the basic ideas are illustrated on a simple,
solvable model, along the lines described in ref.~\cite{pletrandom}.
The general theory, assuming an arbitrary number of flavors (and, in principle,
allowing arbitrary spins too), has been developed elsewhere \cite{festschrift}.
\section{A Tale of two Flavors}
As explained in the preceding section, we now consider the behavior
of a single spin-1/2 field,
without paying detailed attention to the flavor structure.

In order to describe the average behavior of a neutrino in a random
magnetic field, one has to solve the dynamical equations governing
the propagation in an arbitrary magnetic field. The solution then has
to be averaged over the ensemble of  magnetic fields.

We use the front form of
dynamics~\cite{dirac}. This
formulation of dynamics is advantageous in a situation in which one
considers the propagation of high energy particles ($E\gg m$, where
$m$ is the rest mass) and in which certain discrete symmetries, such as
$C$ and $P$ play no significant role. Clearly, the propagation of high
energy neutrinos falls into this category.

We begin with the usual Dirac Lagrangian of a particle in an external
electromagnetic field, $F_{\mu \nu}$:
\begin{equation} \label{diraclagrangian}
L = \overline{\psi}\left(i \gamma^{\mu}\partial_{\mu} + m
+ \frac{1}{2}\mu F^{\mu \nu}\sigma_{\mu \nu}\right)\psi
\end{equation}
We work in the rest frame of the magnetic field.  Assuming the
field to be a static one, we can set $F_{0i}=0$, $F_{ij}=\epsilon_{ijk}B_{k}$.
In the case of
interest one has to solve the Dirac equation in an {\em arbitrary}
static magnetic field, since we want to average the solution over an
ensemble of  the $B_{i}$. No explicit solution is
known for such a problem. However, we proceed to show that in the
{\em high energy limit} the problem can be solved in a closed form.

We introduce a coordinate system in which two of the coordinates
are null directions corresponding to characteristic lines of a relativistic
wave equation, \mbox{\em viz.\/ }:
\begin{equation}
t=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left( x^{0} - x^{3}\right), z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(
x^{0} + x^{3}\right) \quad {\rm and} \quad x^{A}; \quad (A=1,2).
\label{nullcoordinates}
\end{equation}
Correspondingly, the metric is of the form,
\begin{equation}
g_{zt}=g_{tz}=1, \quad g_{AB}= -\delta_{AB},
\label{metric}
\end{equation}
and all other components vanish.

A Dirac spinor can be decomposed along the null directions
given in \eq{nullcoordinates} by introducing
the mutually orthogonal projectors,
\begin{equation} P_{t}=\frac{1}{2}\gamma_{t}\gamma^{t}, \quad P_{z}=\gamma_{z}\gamma^{z}
\label{nullprojectors}
\end{equation}
In what follows, we use the shorthand,
\begin{equation}
\phi = P_{t}\psi, \quad \chi = P_{z}\psi
\label{shortnames}
\end{equation}

It is a straightforward matter to decompose \eq{diraclagrangian}
according to the conjugate null directions and express it in terms of
the variables $\phi$ and $\chi$. The purpose of such an exercise is a very
simple one. If, for the sake of definiteness, $t$ is regarded the ''time''
variable describing the dynamics of the system, only $\phi$ obeys
an equation containing $\partial_{t}$. Hence, the component of the
Dirac spinor
corresponding to the conjugate null direction
 obeys only an equation of constraint. The constraint
can be, in turn, solved before one attempts to attack the problem of dynamics.

After carrying out the decomposition of \eq{diraclagrangian} according
to the null directions, one finds:
\begin{eqnarray}
L &=& \sqrt{2}\left[ \phi^{\dag}\left( i \partial_{t} -i \sqrt{2} \mu
\epsilon^{AB}\gamma_{A}B_{B}\right) \phi \right. \nonumber \\
  &+& \left. \chi^{\dag}\left( i\partial_{z} - i\sqrt{2} \mu
\epsilon^{AB} \gamma_{A}B_{B}\right) \chi \right] \nonumber \\
  &+& \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left[ \phi^{\dag}\gamma^{z}\left(
i\gamma^{A}\partial_{A} +m - \frac{i}{\sqrt{2}}\mu B_{3}\,\epsilon_{AB}
\gamma ^{A} \gamma^{B}\right)\chi \right. \nonumber \\
  &+& \left.  \chi^{\dag}\gamma^{t}\left( i \gamma^{A}\partial_{A} + m
 - \frac{i}{\sqrt{2}}\mu B_{3}\,\epsilon_{AB}
\gamma^{A}\gamma^{B}\right)\phi \right]
\label{decomposedlagrangian}
\end{eqnarray}

Variation of \eq{decomposedlagrangian} with respect to
$\chi^{\dag}$ gives the constraint. The constraint can be solved in a
straight forward fashion and eliminated from the Lagrangian. The
result is conveniently written in Hamiltonian form:
\begin{eqnarray}
L & = & \pi \partial_{t}\phi -H \nonumber \\
H & = & -2\mu \phi^{\dag}\sigma^{A}B_{A}\phi \nonumber \\
  & + & \phi^{\dag}\left( -i \sigma_{B}\epsilon^{BC}p_{C} +
m -\mu \sqrt{2}B_{3}\sigma_{3}\right)\nonumber \\
& \times & \Omega  \left( -B^{A}\right)\nonumber \\
 & \times & \left( i\sigma_{R}\epsilon^{RS}p_{S}
 + m -\mu \sqrt{2} B_{3}\sigma{3}\right)\phi\nonumber \\
  &   &
\label{Hamiltonian}
\end{eqnarray}
Solving the constraint eliminates two components of
the original, four component Dirac spinor. Therefore, instead of the
original Dirac matrices one can use $2\times 2$ Pauli matrices.
One easily verifies that $-i\epsilon^{AB}\gamma_{B}\rightarrow
\sigma^{A}$ gives the correct representation. We also introduced the
Hermitean operator, $p_{A} = -i \partial_{A}$ for the transverse
degrees of freedom.

The canonical momentum is given by $\pi = i \sqrt{2}\, \phi^{\dag}$.
(Of course, the odd looking factor of $\sqrt{2}$ in the
definition of the canonical momentum can be eliminated by
rescaling the time variable.)
In equation \eq{Hamiltonian}, $\Omega$ is an operator with matrix
elements:
\begin{equation}
\bra{ z} \Omega \left( B^{A}\right) \ket{ z'}
 = \frac{i}{\sqrt{2}}\exp\left(\mu \sqrt{2}
\int_{z'}^{z} dz'\epsilon_{AB}\gamma^{A}B^{B}\right)\frac{1}{2}
\epsilon\left( z - z'\right)
\label{Omega}
\end{equation}
All symbols of integration over $z$ have been
omitted. Eq.~\ref{Hamiltonian} is local in
$t$ and $x^{A}$; those arguments have been suppressed.

The Hamiltonian appearing in \eq{Hamiltonian} is  {\em exact\/.}
However, it is given by a rather complicated, non local  and
non linear expression:
this is the cost we have to pay for explicitly eliminating the
constraint. We now argue that one can introduce physically reasonable
simplifications, as a result of which the problem becomes a manageable
one. First of all, we notice that the exponential appearing in \eq{Omega}
is of modulus one.  One expects that at large values
of $|z - z'|$ the exponent
oscillates rapidly and thus contributes little to the Hamiltonian.
The dominant contribution is thus coming from small values of
 the difference of longitudinal coordinates. Hence, it is reasonable
to approximate the exponential in \eq{Omega} by 1.
In the remaining expression, one term is local in all variables and
the remaining ones are
proportional to $\epsilon\left( z- z'\right)$. In a Fourier
representation, \mbox{\em viz.\/ } upon writing
\begin{equation} \phi \left(t, z, x^{A}\right) = \int dk \varphi\left( t, k, x^{A}
\right) \exp \left( -i kz\right)\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation} \epsilon (z) = \frac{{\cal P}}{2\pi i}\int \frac{dk}{k} \exp (-i
kz),
\end{equation}
one recognizes that the non local terms in the Hamiltonian are proportional
to negative
powers of the longitudinal momentum, $k$.
(In the last equation
${\cal P}$ stands for the principal value.)
Hence,  at high energies ($k\gg m$)
the Hamiltonian can be approximated by the local term.

Neglecting terms of $O\left( k^{-1}\right)$, the equation of motion for
the density matrix in coordinate representation  reads:
\begin{eqnarray}
-i \partial_{t}\bra{z,\vec{x}}\rho (t)\ket{z', \vec{x'}}& = &\mu \sqrt{2}
\vec{\sigma }\cdot\vec{B}\left(\vec{x},\frac{z-t}{\sqrt{2}}\right)\bra{z,\vec{x}}
\rho (t) \ket{z', \vec{x'}} \nonumber \\
 & - & \mu \sqrt{2}\bra{z ,\vec{x}}\rho
\left(t\right)\ket{z',\vec{x'}}\vec{\sigma}\vec{B}\left(\vec{x'},
\frac{z'-t}{\sqrt{2}}\right)
\label{eqofmotion}
\end{eqnarray}

In this equation, $\vec{x}$ stands for the transverse part of the
coordinate and $ \vec{\sigma}\cdot \vec{B}$ is the  two dimensional
scalar
product in transverse space. Of course,  the coordinate $x^{3}$ had to
be expressed by $ z$ and $t$; hence the $t$-dependence in the magnetic
field.

We choose the initial condition so as to describe a neutrino produced
at $\vec{x}=0$ and with a fixed value of $k$:
\begin{equation}
\bra{z, \vec{x}}\rho \left(0\right)\ket{z'\vec{x'}}
= \delta^{2}\left( \vec{x}\right)\delta^{2}\left( \vec{x'}\right)
\frac{\exp ik\left(z - z'\right)}{2\pi k}\rho_{s}\left(0\right),
\label{initialcondition}
\end{equation}
where $\rho_{s}(0)$ is the initial value of the spin density matrix.

The variable $k$ being large, the function
$\exp ik\left(z - z'\right)$ is  rapidly oscillating  unless
$z\approx z'$. Therefore, it is permissible to put $z=z'$ in the
coefficient  of the exponential in \eq{initialcondition}. Further, in
the
approximation used,  the
dynamics described by eq.~\eq{eqofmotion}
is independent of $k$ and of $\vec{x}$.
Therefore, the dependence of $\rho (t)$ on $k$ and $\vec{x}$ is
entirely
determined by the initial
condition. Thus, the dynamical equation reduces to an
equation
involving the spin density matrix alone,  as in non relativistic
spin dynamics. Thus, from now on, we  omit the subscript $s$ and
we have:
\begin{equation}
-i\partial_{t}\rho \left( t \right) = \mu \sqrt{2}\left[ \vec{\sigma}\cdot
\vec{B}\left(\frac{z-t}{\sqrt{2}}\right), \rho \left( t\right)\right]
\label{spindynamics}
\end{equation}
(Here and in what follows, $\vec{x}=0$ is understood.)

This equation can be solved by the standard time ordered series, \mbox{\em viz.\/ }
\begin{eqnarray}
\rho\left(t\right)&=&\rho\left( 0\right)\nonumber \\
& +&i\mu \sqrt{2} \int_{0}^{t}dt'\left[\vec{\sigma}\cdot
\vec{B}\left(\frac{z-t'}{\sqrt{2}}\right)
,
\rho\left(0\right)
\right]\nonumber \\
 &+& \frac{\left( i\mu \sqrt{2}\right)^{2}}{2!}\int_{0}^{t}
dt'dt''T\left( \left[ \vec{\sigma}\cdot
\vec{B}\left(\frac{z-t'}{\sqrt{2}}\right),
\left[\vec{\sigma}\cdot \vec{B}\left(\frac{z-t''}{\sqrt{2}}\right),
\rho\left( 0 \right)\right]\right]\right)\nonumber \\ &+& \cdots
\label{timeordered}
\end{eqnarray}
We choose the initial condition as:
\begin{equation} \rho\left( 0\right) = \frac{1}{2}\left( 1 + S\sigma_{3}\right)
, \qquad \left(S^{2}\leq 1\right),
\end{equation}
since neutrinos are produced with a definite helicity. (In  the case
of Dirac neutrinos, $S=\pm 1$, depending on whether a neutrino or
anti neutrino
is produced. In the case of Majorana neutrinos, $S$ may assume any
value between the limits stated above, depending on the production
mechanism.)

Next, we average the solution, \eq{timeordered} over the magnetic
field. We choose the generating functional of the moments as follows:
\begin{eqnarray}
Z[j] & = & \int {\cal D}B \exp -\left[ \frac{1}{2}\int
d^{3}xd^{3}x'B_{i}\left(x\right)C^{-1}_{ij}\left(x,x'\right)B_{j}
\left(x'\right)\right]\nonumber \\
& \times & \exp \int d^{3}x j_{i}
\left(x\right)B_{i}\left( x\right );\nonumber \\[1mm]
C_{ij}^{-1} & = & \frac{L}{4\pi \langle B^{2}\rangle}
\left(\delta_{ij}-\frac{\partial_{i}\partial_{j}}{\bigtriangledown^{2}}\right)
\left( L^{-2} - \bigtriangledown^{2}\right)^{2}\delta^{3}\left(x - x'\right).
\label{generatingfunctional}
\end{eqnarray}
In the last equation, $L$ and $\langle B^{2}\rangle $ stand for the
correlation
length and mean square magnetic field, respectively. The measure is
normalized such that $Z\left[0\right]=1$.
The transverse
projector is needed in order to make the correlation functions
solenoidal. With the choice of the tensor $C^{-1}$ given in
\eq{generatingfunctional}, the leading term in the long distance
behavior of the correlation function is $\propto \exp - \abs{x-x'}$.
In order to average equation \eq{timeordered} over the magnetic field,
one integrates over $B_{3}$ and sets the third component
of the source equal to zero. The  transverse generating functional
reads:
\begin{eqnarray}
Z_{T}&  = &\int {\cal D}\vec{B} \exp - \frac{L}{8\pi \langle B^{2}
\rangle } \int d^{3}x \left[ B^{A}(x) \left( \delta_{AB} - \frac{1}{2}
\frac{\partial_{A}\partial_{B}\left(x\right)}{\vec{\bigtriangledown}^{2}}\right)
B^{B}\right]\nonumber \\
& \times & \exp i \int d^{3} x \vec{j}\left(x\right)\cdot \vec{B}\left(x\right)
\label{transversegenerator}
\end{eqnarray}

We now notice that in  \eq{timeordered}, terms containing
odd
powers of $\mu$ are also odd in $B^{A}$. Therefore, in the limit
$\vec{j} \rightarrow 0$ the average of those terms vanishes. The even
terms in the series are obtained by taking the appropriate functional
derivatives of \eq{transversegenerator}. All of them are expressed in
terms of multiple time integrals of $C_{ij}\left(\abs{t-t'}\right)$
and its powers: those integrations are easily performed. It is
sufficient to illustrate the procedure for the second order term in
\eq{timeordered}.

Carrying out the integrations, one gets:
\[
 - \mu^{2} \frac{1}{2} S\langle \int_{0}^{t} dt' dt'' \left[
\vec{\sigma}
\cdot \vec{B},\left[
\vec{\sigma}\cdot \vec{B}, \sigma_{3}\right]\right]\rangle
= - \mu^{2}\sigma_{3} \langle B^{2}\rangle tL \left( 1 - \exp
-\frac{t}{L}
\right)
\]
For large times the result in the last equation is
just proportional to $t$. The higher order terms follow a similar
pattern. The end result is:
\begin{equation}
\langle \rho \left( t \right) \rangle \sim
\frac{1}{2}\left( 1 + S\sigma_{3}\exp - \frac{t}{T}\right),
\label{asymptote}
\end{equation}
with
\[ \frac{1}{T} = 2\mu^{2} \langle B^{2}\rangle L . \]

Thus we arrive at the remarkable result that in the random field
the behavior of the helicities is an {\em ergodic} one: irrespective
of what the initial density matrix was, for $t\gg T$, the helicities
are equally distributed. Furthermore, as conjectured, the characteristic
length over which the flavor equilibrium is established is about the
characteristic length ${\cal D}$, \mbox{\em cf.\/ } \eq{charlength} in the
previous section.
\section{Discussion}
The result conjectured in the first section and verified
within the framework of a simplified model
in the previous one indicates that if neutrino telescopes will detect
neutrinos originating from AGN (and perhaps from other astronomical objects),
it is likely that all flavors will occur with equal probability.
By contrast, if the arriving neutrinos are predominantly $\nu_{\mu}$-s,
one concludes that neutrinos are Dirac particles and the  magnetic
fields present around the source cause mainly an
active$\leftrightarrow$sterile conversion. Such a conversion decreases
the intensity of active neutrinos by about a factor of two.
({\em In principle\/,} knowing the flux of
neutrinos produced at the source, one could verify the
existence of the conversion. However, current flux estimates are,
by far, not  accurate enough for such a purpose.)

Even though we conjectured the existence of an equilibrium
of spin orientation on the basis of a simple intuitive argument and
verified the conjecture within the framework of a rather simple minded
model, we believe the result to be a rather general one. In fact,
there exists in the literature a rather substantial number of
papers in which conclusions similar to ours have been reached in
a variety of physical circumstances (the early Universe, the
interior of the Sun, \mbox{\em etc.\/ }\/). For  an incomplete, but
representative sample, see \mbox{\em e.g.\/ } refs.~\cite{elmfors}, \cite{nicolaidis}, \cite{enquist}.
The probability distributions assumed for the magnetic fields
are quite different (\mbox{\em e.g.\/ } white noise with a finite spatial extension,
zero spatial correlation length with randomly oriented domains, \mbox{\em etc.\/ }).
All  the distributions, however, have the properties discussed
in Section I: the magnetic field has a vanishing mean, it is
characterized by $\langle B^{2}\rangle$ and by some length.
Hence, the dimensional argument given in Sec. I is
applicable; consequently, the characteristic distance found in
every work of this type agrees with ${\cal D}$ within factors of
order one.
Consequently, it is reasonable to expect that our results are
rather robust ones and thus, testing them by means of
flavor sensitive neutrino telescopes is of substantial physical
interest.
\section*{Acknowledgement}
The work reported here has been carried out during the authors'
visit at the Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\'{a} di Firenze.
We thank Roberto Casalbuoni, Director of the Department,
for the warm hospitality extended to us and to Bianca Monteleoni
for useful conversations on neutrino telescopes.

We also wish to thank Per Osland and all of our colleagues at the
Department of Physics,
University of Bergen for organizing and running a very successful
and enjoyable meeting.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Home 1 › News 2 › Australian health firm says Apple Watch makes people 35% more active 3
Australian health firm says Apple Watch makes people 35% more active
Posted by Elizabeth Sullivan on February 18, 2022
Australia's AIA Health says that giving away an Apple Watch to people who hit certain fitness goals, resulted in an average 35% rise in activity for its users.
In 2020, the AIA Health insurance company introduced Apple Watch to its Vitality program. Members who chose to sign up, would get an Apple Watch that was free so long as they continued to meet specific health goals set for them.
"When comparing physical activity in 2019 and 2020, for those who took up AIA Vitality's Apple Watch Benefit last year, we have seen activity increase by 35% on average year on year," says AIA in a new report. "The age group with the most significant improvement in physical activity was those 50 years and older, who saw a 51% increase year on year."
"The rich health and wellbeing insights Apple Watch users gain," said the company, "combined with the behavioural principle of 'loss aversion' that has been built into this AIA Vitality benefit, led to the significant increases in activity levels."
AIA examined the results of 1,198 of its members. To make the results comparable, those surveyed had to both have opted-in to the Apple Watch program, and been full AIA members throughout 2019.
The company also used data from the previous year to rule out the chances of a fluke result.
"Physical activity remained consistent at the original increased level seen linked to the Active Benefit construct across 2018-19," says the firm, "then increased significantly when the Apple Watch Benefit was introduced in 2020."
"AIA Vitality members physical activity behaviour was reasonably consistent for two years prior to the introduction of the Apple Watch Benefit," it continues, "[its] introduction genuinely drove members that opted-in to the benefit to increase their physical activity - rather than 2020 being an anomaly."


Best funny Images for world smile day 2018: World Smile Day is celebrated on the first Friday of the month of October every year. The idea of World Smile Day was initiated by Harvey Ball. Harvey Ball is a commercial artist from Worcester, Massachusetts.
Harvey Ball is known to have created the Smiley Face in 1963. The World's first World Smile Day was held in the year 1999 and has been held annually since.


Questions about health care, economic issues and immigration dominated Thursday night's 1st District debate between Republican U.S. Rep. Rob Wittman and Democratic opponent Vangie Williams in Hanover County, their last public forum before the election.
Wittman is the longtime incumbent for the Republican-leaning district. Originally from Westmoreland County, he was first elected in 2007. In the last congressional election in 2016, he won his fifth term in the House.
Williams works as a strategic planner and mother of six daughters from King George County. This election is the first time that she has run for office.
At the start of the forum, the candidates were asked about their views on economic issues. One of the first questions was about their position on President Trump's tariff policy on soybeans, a matter of concern for farmers in the district, which reaches from north of Fredericksburg to the Virginia Peninsula, including the Northern Neck and areas north and east of Richmond. Wittman said he stands behind the president's decision on the aggressive nature of the tariffs against China.
William responded by saying that the price of soybeans has dropped 20 percent as a result of the tariffs and that the government bailout of farmers was just a quick fix. She was then asked about how she would help small businesses thrive.
When answering the same question, Wittman stated that he had already gotten $680 million for the district to be put toward getting broadband to rural areas. "That is action, not a plan," he said.
The candidates were asked what they thought were the key components of a better health care system. Wittman thinks that the key component is transparency on the cost of procedures. During Williams' rebuttal, she brought up Wittman's votes to repeal the Affordable Care Act.
Responding to a question about the large caravan of Honduran migrants moving through Mexico, Williams said that the United States already has laws in place for immigration. "It is not fair that they just enter our country without going through the proper processes." But she said the U.S. needs to make it possible for immigrants to work legally and seek asylum.
Wittman said the immigration system is broken. He said that the U.S. needs to secure its borders "which includes a wall," and increase the number of border patrol agents.
The audience at the debate was filled with supporters for both Williams and Wittman. After the moderator asked the crowd to keep applause to a minimum, both sides took to making silent gestures, such as jazz hands and thumbs up, to show their agreement what a candidate said something that they agreed with.
Brian Bayford, a small business owner and Wittman supporter, said he thought that both candidates were relatively civil toward each other. "Vangie, though, every time she stands up she says something negative about Rob. He didn't do that, not once." He said he would like the candidates to speak more about their own accomplishments.


text:
Tag Archives: KTRU
Michael Cera is coming to Rice University
Attention all mumbling, awkward, beta-dogs: Michael Cera is coming to Rice University. Apparently, Cera plays bass for Mister Heavenly, which will be performing at the 20th annual KTRU Outdoor Show.
You should go. I imagine it'll look something like this:
However, this is not the first Rice-Cera interaction. In 2008, Michael Cera was the Backpage write-in candidate for RTV5 station manager. (pdf: Michael Cera Rice Thresher Backpage)
Him?
Julie said that he wasn't coming. But it was just one of her tricks, which is something that a whore does for money. Or candy.
Anyways, KTRU set the record straight.
So check it out as he bass-battles against Double Dragon DJs, or an Albino vegan, or Will Fischer for station manager, or whatever.
Steve Holt!!!!!!!
Tagged KTRU, KTRU outdoor show, Michael Cera, Mister Heavenly, Rice Thresher, Rice University, RTV5, Scott Pilgrim, Steve Holt!!!!!!, thresher backpage
ABC News talks about KTRU
A few days ago, ABC News had a short piece in its "Campus Chatter" section talking about how schools are selling their radio stations. Titled, "College Radio Stations Beloved but Struggling," the piece does a quick overview of various sales and the circumstances behind them. Admittedly, the reference to KTRU itself was short:
Rice University sold its station, but to another university. The University of Houston bought Rice's broadcast tower, FM frequency and license for $9.5 million.
However, this description is misleading. KTRU isn't going to become a station for another university, but rather a classical music station under the tag KUHC.
There are also a few other problems with the article. It claims that:
Schools have a hard time keeping up with Top 40 networks because they just don't have the money to do it.
Keeping up with Top 40 networks is rarely the underlying purpose of these stations, many of which operate not for profit and with an educational license.
The article also claims that part of the problem is financial.
Without necessary funding, schools nationwide have to sell their airspace to commercial stations, and use the extra cash for other expenses.
As Rice demonstrated, many universities have the ability to raise funds for artistic endeavors, even ones that don't actively engage students or give them leadership and broadcasting experience. Schools don't have to sell their stations any more than they have to sell their other assets that don't create regular cash flow.
Indeed, in many of these circumstances, schools are not willing to even let radio supporters try to raise the money to support the station. As KUSF supporter Irwin Swirnoff put it:
"No one is questioning U.S.F.'s right to liquidate an asset," Mr. Swirnoff said. "All we want is to have the opportunity to buy that transmitter."
Posted in Rice, Texas
Tagged ABC News, college radio, KTRU, KUSF, Rice University, Save KTRU
Rice University Sells Willy's Statue to MFAH
Every year at Rice University, the week before Beer Bike is marked as Willy Week, named after William Marsh Rice. The week is packed with events, water balloon fillings, and pranks, also known as Jacks. Sometimes jacks at Rice are fun and inspired, such as the rotation of the statue of William Marsh Rice. (a pdf of another article about Rice university jacks).
But sometimes, the jacks are simply awful. And not awful as in boring, but awful as in stupid, dangerous, and not entertaining. Like the time when some guys rigged up fishing line at neck level along bike paths. Hilarious!
So given this mixed history, I'm glad to see some subversive jacks this year. According to an e-mail from KTRU, the statue of William Marsh Rice was jacked in a KTRU-related commentary.
"Hey KTRU,
Hanszen jacked Willy pretty good. If you haven't seen it, go check it out.
For those of you who have seen it and were wondering what the Latin meant, here's my best guesses (3 years of Latin in high school finally paying off):
"noli vendere quod non tuum": I am not to sell what is not mine
"vae te": woe is you
"oryzae universitas nostra est": Rice University is ours
"minum penum habes": well, I'll let you guess what that one means
Joey "
I was able to find some pictures of the jack on Facebook:
Wrapping things in other things is a classic prank for some reason
However, the best part of the jack may be the apparent sale of the statue to the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston:
"President Leebron
We've enjoyed the pleasure of working with you. Your sale will greatly benefit the museums, strengthening the ties between Rice and the larger Houston community. We look forward to seeing you at the official unveiling ceremony April 11 at the Cullen Sculpture Garden."
Either way, $2,370,000 is a pretty good price for the statue. I don't know why the university didn't sell it earlier. The statue is obviously an underutilized resource, and I'm sure they can somehow force the university to create some internships for a few years.
Tagged beer bike, jack, KTRU, MFAH, museum of fine arts houston, oof, Osama Bin Laden, Rice University, statue, thinking things through, william marsh rice, willy week
A paper I wrote for law school about KTRU and Internet Radio
For my Entertainment and Media Law class at Cardozo, I wrote a paper about the legal ramifications of Rice University selling the KTRU license and transmitter. I think it was an A- paper, which I suppose is pretty good. (The professors never responded with a direct grade for the paper, only for the overall class.) Anyways, here in the paper, in which I quote myself (pdf: Mintz KTRU legal) :
I. Introduction and History
A. Selling College Radio Stations
On December 5, 2010, the New York Times ran an article titled "Waning Support for College Radio Sets Off a Debate."1 The article brought to national attention the problem of universities selling their college radio stations, notably addressing the recent controversies surrounding the sale of Rice University's KTRU and Vanderbilt University's WRVU. Since the article was published, Vanderbilt has not solidified any sale of its station. However, Rice University has continued with a sale marred by secrecy and controversy, and is currently waiting for the FCC to approve the license transfer that would allow the University of Houston to take over the frequency, turning KTRU into a classical music KUHC and the University of Houston's current station KUHF into a 24-hour NPR station.2
Opponents of the sale have provided many reasons for their anger about and opposition to the sale. On the student and alumni side, Rice University has not provided any formal study justifying the sale and sold the station without discussion with the students and alumni who created and managed the station.3 The resulting sale will eliminate a source of media and broadcast education for students and will destroy a link with the surrounding city, local art establishment, and minority community, all contrary to the university's previously stated goals.4
From the perspective of non-student or alumni opponents to the sale, removing KTRU from the airwaves would eliminate a unique, and award winning, source of music that cannot be found elsewhere in the local radio market.5 Furthermore, the secrecy of the deal was in potential violation of Texas' Open Meetings Act.6
B. How Has the FCC Looked At Selling Radio Stations?
While monetary concerns, misleading university administrators, and musical aesthetics may make for good protest rhetoric, they do not make a cohesive legal argument against the sale of the KTRU frequency. In fact, in its Opposition to the Petition to Deny, Rice University specifically latched onto this framing of arguments against the transfer as programming-related arguments.7 From this perspective the Commission's precedent is established: "the Commission does not scrutinize or regulate programming, nor does it take potential changes in programming formats into consideration in review assignment application." 8
In the past the courts have scrutinized programming out of concern of preserving unique content on the airwaves. In Citizens Committee to Keep Progressive Rock v. F.C.C., the D.C. Circuit stated that it was "in the public interest, as that was conceived of by a Congress representative of all the people, for all major aspects of contemporary culture to be accommodated by the commonly-owned public resources whenever that is ethnically and economically feasible." 9 While the court refused to distinguish between types of music — "one man's Bread is the next man's Bach" — it held that it was "in the public's best interest to have all segments represented."10 However, since 1977 the FCC has established that it would allow market forces to determine the broadcast station's format.11 Furthermore, deregulation of the airwaves at the end of the Carter Administration and beginning of the Reagan Administration eliminated the 1971 Ascertainment Primer and the Renewal Primer that the court relied upon in Citizens Committee, creating less stringent requirements for license applications and renewals.12
While the FCC no longer concerns itself with the content of broadcasts, there is still the question of whether the specter of localism should influence the FCC's approval of the KTRU sale. In this paper, I will address the concerns of localism as they apply in FCC regulations, and specifically look at Rice University's recommendation in its Opposition to Petition to Deny that Internet radio over cellular phones serve as an adequate substitute for FM radio.13
II. Localism on the Radio
A. How Does Localism Apply?
1. Localism and KTRU
The Commission has in the past recognized localism as an important part of its charge. In its recent Report on Localism, the FCC has called the concept of localism "a cornerstone of broadcast regulation." 14	As Friends of KTRU pointed out in its Petition to Deny, this localism mandate extends not just to the availability of a radio signal in a local community, but rather to the ability of that community to transmit issues of local importance over the airwaves and provide "their own media for local expression."15 Indeed, the Commission has held that "broadcasters are obligated to operate their stations to serve the public interest — specifically, to air programming responsive to the needs and issues of the people in their communities of license.16 From the perspective of FCC rhetoric, KTRU supporters are in a proper position to argue that transferring the license would result in an important loss of local music and media. KTRU programs such as the Local Show, MK Ultra, Vinyl Frontier, Genetic Memory, and the Revelry Report showcase local artists and discuss issues specific to the Houston music community that cannot be found elsewhere on the local airwaves.17 Furthermore, KTRU also provides minority-oriented programing, such as Navrang, which focuses on music from the Indian subcontinent, and Africana, which focuses on music from the African diaspora. In a city where the Nigerian ex-patriot population totals more than 80,000 and more than 4 percent of the entire city population was born in Asia, these shows provide for the local community in ways that other FM stations do not.18 As the Commission instructs, "[t]he principle of localism requires broadcasters to take into account all significant groups within their communities when developing balanced, community-responsive programming, including those groups with specialized needs and interests."19 These niche shows, with their local DJs, certainly are community-responsive. On the other hand, not one single program will be added to the station after the sale that will be specific to the local Houston community, only adding syndicated and national shows like BBC World News, the Diane Rehm Show, Fresh Air With Terry Gross, BBC World Have Your Say, Talk of the Nation, The World, Beutche Welle Newslink Plus, Tell Me More, and The Story.20 Given the comparison between the station offerings before and after the sale, it seems like the transfer could be denied on localism grounds. However, the Commission has not always applied its ideals of localism in a strict manner.
2. Localism as applied by the FCC and Media Bureau
While rhetoric and written policy by the Commission has emphasized the importance of localism in broadcasting, this importance has not always transferred into enforceable rules. For example, in the case of the assignment of a license of a noncommercial educational station WQEX(TV), a coalition of public-interest groups petitioned to deny the application on the ground that proposed assignee's broadcasts "would consist almost entirely of sales presentations, with little or no noncommercial local content." 21 However, the Commission refused to consider the argument, explaining that "the courts and Commission have repeatedly rejected arguments that would require intrusion into the format choices of broadcast licensees."22 While WQEX concerned application of television license, the FCC Media Bureau has applied similar rationale to FM radio licenses. In the case of C-SPAN's application for assignment of an FM radio license, some listeners objected to assigning the license because it would change "WDCU(FM)'s current jazz format to a format dedicated primarily to public affairs and news programming." 23 Other objectors argued that the grant of application was not in the public interest "because C-SPAN's proposed national programming does not the problems, needs and interests of the [local community].24 However, the Media Bureau letter rebutted these arguments, stating that the Commission "'has had the appropriately limited role of facilitating the development of the public broadcasting system rather than determining the content of its programming,'" and that under well-established precedent, rather than having to actually demonstrate how it responds to the community needs, "an applicant is required to provide only a brief narrative description of its proposed community issue-responsive service."25 In the end, the Commission approved the license. Indeed, in a this case concerning sacrificing a music station for news, with similar arguments about localism and public interest, the FCC has made its position clear, leaving KTRU supporters with little legal recourse. However, comparing application in cases with FCC rhetoric still provides a mixed message.
3. FCC Report and Rhetoric on Localism
The FCC's 2008 Report On Broadcast Localism And Notice Of Proposed Rulemaking spends several dozen pages lamenting the problem of a lack of localism in the broadcast spectrum. Specifically, it identified the problem of broadcasters failing to serve the interests of local communities in developing and promoting local artists and in fostering musical genres.26 The report also addressed the issue of licensees grossly overstating the amount of locally oriented news programming that they offer by including commercials, weather, sports, entertainment, video news releases, and redundancy, with locally produced public affairs programming almost entirely absent.27 Furthermore, the report found that significant groups within communities were not being taken into account by broadcasters when attempting to apply the principle of localism.28
FCC Commissioners have personally expressed concern about trends against localism in the broadcast marketplace. In an address to the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, FCC Commissioner Michael Copps lamented the "homogenization and monotonous nationalized music at the expense of local and regional talent," and proposed a system where a certain percent of programming is locally or independently produced.29 Former FCC Commissioner Rachelle Chong even used her Twitter feed to state support for KTRU and concern about the sale.30 So while past cases may not give much hope to KTRU supporters, FCC reports and statements from past and current commissioners may put enough pressure on the Media Bureau to take a hard look at localism concerns in the license transfer. However, in its Opposition to Petition to Deny, Rice University offered an alternative to assuage concerns about losing a unique and local source on the radio: Internet radio.
B. Is Internet Radio An Adequate Replacement for FM Radio?
In its Petition to Deny, KTRU stated that Web radio is not an adequate alternative to FM broadcast because it is not available in the car. Rice contends that this "ignores the increasing available of Web radio via cell phone." 31 However, there are technological, monetary, and legal concerns as to whether Web radio over cell phones can replace FM radio for listeners.
1. Technological and Monetary Concerns
As of a Nov. 2010 report by Canalys, the most popular smartphone in the United States is the Apple iPhone, which has a 26.2 percent share of the U.S. market.32 The iPhone is currently available only on the AT&T network.33 AT&T's high use, DataPro plan provides 2GB of data for $25 per month, and $10 for every additional 1GB.34 The average radio stream is 128 kilobits per second, equaling 16 kilobytes per second, equaling 57.6 megabytes per hour. By this math, it would take approximately 34.7 hours of listening to the radio per month to exceed the set data allotment by AT&T and incur additional charges. Merely a bit more than one hour of radio via an iPhone per day would use more data than what AT&T foresees in its highest use plan. In a city where the average commute is around 28 minutes, it is not difficult to imagine someone spending more than 34.7 hours listening to the radio in the car over the period of a month.35 Therefore, in addition to the one-time cost of purchasing an iPhone 4 for $199, or iPhone 3GS for $99, a regular KTRU listener would spend $25 per month to listen in the car, and an avid listener would spend $35 or more per month, meaning $300 or $420 per year. At the high end, this would require the average American to spend 15 percent more on entertainment than the current average annual expenditure of $2,698.36 This additional spending may be cost restrictive for many listeners. On the other hand, one can buy an FM radio for the one-time cost of $9.99.37 While Rice University may have an optimistic view about the ability of Web radio over cell phones to replace FM radio, crunching the numbers reveals that the hardware investment and price of use may make access overly cost restrictive for former KTRU fans. Unless the university is willing to help pay for listeners' new cell phone bills, it may have an ill-informed perspective on current Internet costs and availability.
2. Legal Concerns
Even if there were not a monetary restriction on the ability of Web radio to replace FM radio, there is still a concern as to whether the FCC could justify eliminating a local source in the FM spectrum because it is otherwise available in the Internet. The Federal Communications Law Journal argues that inherent scarcity of the electromagnetic spectrum mandates that public interest obligations still remain enforced, stating that "despite the motley of other media outlets available-Internet radio, satellite radio, cable and digital television, and the like-the reason underlying such obligations in the first place is still present: electromagnetic spectrum is still scarce."38 However, unlike various other media sources, radio's pervasiveness in combination with its scarcity necessitates regulation. Furthermore, a strictly enforced market-based approach will only lead to, and arguably has led to, the creation of technology haves and have nots.39 Indeed, the cost restrictiveness of Web radio emphasizes the public interest charge of the FCC.
However, the FCC has addressed new technology supplanting old broadcasting in the realm of television. Currently, cable systems must carry the signals of local commercial and noncommercial broadcast stations in their local markets, while satellite carriage of local broadcasts is only required in Alaska and Hawaii.40 The FCC has expressed concern that in a small group of cases, the system used to define local broadcast stations results in the required carriage of the broadcast signal of an out-of-state station rather than an in-state station, potentially weakening localism.41 This concern demonstrates that the underpinnings of the must- carry requirements is the protection of localism. If Web radio, or satellite radio, were to serve as an adequate alternative to FM radio, the FCC should first create similar must-carry regulations for telecom providers and satellite radio companies to ensure that localism is not weakened. However, these regulations do not yet exist. Without guarantees of a must-carry provision, the same sort that were imposed on the cable industry as it replaced broadcast television, alternate radio sources cannot serve as a proper guarantors of localism.
The rise of Internet music and the perceived declining importance of radio, combined with an economic downturn, has led many universities to sell their college radio stations. The plight of Rice University's KTRU has risen to prominence as fans and staff of the student-created and student-run, award-winning station have moved from usual campus protests to legal appeals in an attempt to stop the sale of the station. While FCC publications and commissioners' rhetoric have emphasized the importance of localism, legal precedent does not give KTRU supporters much in the way of support. However, Rice University's recommendation that the Internet serve as a proper alternative does not stand up to scrutiny. Monetary restrictions and lacking must- carry requirements prevent the Web from serving as a proper replacement for FM radio.
1 John Vorwald, Waning Support for College Radio Sets Off a Debate, THE NEW YORK TIMES, Dec. 5, 2010, available at http://www.nytimes.coml2010/12/06Ibusiness/medial06stations.html.
2 Chris Gray, KTRU Sale Now Totally In FCC's Hands, HOUSTON PRESS, Dec. 20, 2010, available at http://blogs.houstonpress.com/rocks/2010/12/ktru_sale_now_totally_in_fccs.php.
3 Save KTRU made it to the New York Times, BURN DOWN BLOG, Dec. 5, 2010, available at https://burndownblog.wordpress.com/2010/12/05/save-ktru-made-it-to-the-new-york-times/
4 BURN DOWN RICE!: Selling KTRU violates V2C, BURN DOWN BLOG, Aug. 17, 2010, available at https://burndownblog.wordpress.com/2010/08/17/burn-down-rice-selling-ktru- violates-the-v2c/
6 Steve Miller, KTRU radio station not named in generic Regents meeting agenda; descriptions must be specific under Open Meetings Act, TEXAS WATCHDOG, Aug. 19, 2010, available at http:// http://www.texaswatchdog.org/2010/08/-generic-agenda-item-for-regents-meeting-did-not-name-ktru/ 1282261406.column
7 Rice Opposition at 2.
8 Application for Assignment of License of WQXR-FM, Letter, 24 FCC Rcd 11761, 11762 (2009).
9 Citizens Committee to Keep Progressive Rock v. F.C.C., 478 F.2d 926, 929 (D.C. Cir., 1973).
10 Ibid. at 929.
11 Changes in Entertainment Formats of Broadcast Stations, Memorandum Opinion and Order, Docket No. 20682, 60 FCC 2d 858, 863 (1976).
12 In the Matter of Deregulation of Radio, Report and Order, Docket No. 79-219, 84 F.C.C.2d 968, 971 (1981).
13 Rice Opposition at 7.
14 Report on Localism and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 23 FCC Rcd 1234 ¶ 5 (2008).
15 Petition, citing Utica Observer-Dispatch, Inc., 11 F.C.C. 383, 391-92 (1946).
16 Report on Localism and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 23 FCC Rcd 1234 ¶ 6
17 Petition at 10.
18 Ibid. at 11; Reply to Oppositions at 10.
19 Report on Localism and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 23 FCC Rcd 1234 ¶ 69.
20 Petition at 12-13.
21 Application of WQED Pittsburgh (Assignor) and Cornerstone Television, Inc. (Assignee) for Consent to the Assignment of LIcense of Noncommercial Educational Station WQEX(TV), Memorandum Opinion and Order, 15 FCC Rcd 202, 231 ¶57 (1999), vacated in part on other grounds by 15 FCC Rcd 2534 (2000).
22 Ibid. at 232 ¶ 57.
23 Application for Assignment of License of WDCU(FM), Letter, 12 FCC Rcd 15242, 15244 (1997).
24 Ibid. at 15244.
25 Ibid. at 15244-15245, citing Revision of Programming Policies and Reporting Requirements Related to Public Broadcasting Licensees, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 87 FCC 2d 716, 732 (1981); Report and Order, 98 FCC 2d 746 (1984); Request for Declaratory Ruling Concerning Programming Information in Broadcast Applications for Construction Permits, Transfers and Assignments, 3 FCC Rcd 5467, 5467-5468 (1988).
27 Ibid. at ¶ 37.
29 FCC's Copps Proposes Public Value Test for License Renewal, RADIO, Dec. 3, 2010, available at http://www.radiomagonline.com/fcc/fcc-copps-public-value-test-license-renewal-1203/ index.html.
30 Growing opposition to the KTRU sale OR Know Your FCC Commissioners,BURN DOWN BLOG, Nov. 15, 2010, available at https://burndownblog.wordpress.com/2010/11/15/growing- opposition-to-the-ktru-sale/.
32 Tim Stevens, Canalys: iPhone becomes most popular smartphone in the US, Android continues as most popular OS, ENGADGET, Nov. 1, 2010, available at http://www.engadget.com/ 2010/11/01/canalys-iphone-becomes-most-popular-smartphone-in-the-us-andro/.
33 http://www.att.com/wireless/iphone/ (iPhone is configured to work only with the wireless services provided by AT&T.)
34 http://www.att.com/shop/wireless/plans/data-plans.jsp.
35 Stephen Ohlemacher, Believe it or not, average communting time drops, HOUSTON CHRONICLE, Aug. 30, 2006, available at http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/nation/ 4152068.html.
36 How The Average U.S. Consumer Spends Their Paycheck, VISUAL ECONOMICS, available at http://www.visualeconomics.com/how-the-average-us-consumer-spends-their-paycheck.
37 http://www.amazon.com/Sony-ICF-S10MK2-Pocket-Radio-Silver/dp/B00020S7XK
38 Deliberative Democracy on the Air: Reinvigorate Localism – Resuscitate Radio's Subversive Past, 63 Fed. Comm. L.J. 141, 188.
39 Ibid. at 190. 40 Report on Localism and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 23 FCC Rcd 1234 ¶ 47, 48. 41 Ibid. at ¶ 49.
Posted in Cardozo, Law, Rice, Something I wrote, Texas
Tagged Cardozo, college radio, Houston, KTRU, law, Rice, rice radio, Save KTRU
Fearing a Houston without KTRU
Posted on January 4, 2011 | Leave a comment
Truly, the children are our future.
Thank you Musically Oblivious 8th Grader.
Tagged college radio, houston press, KTRU, musically oblivious 8th grader, rice radio
Rice University sells KTRU, claims to promote public arts
The other day, I received a Rice University news release in my inbox with the title: "Rice University launches public art initiative […]"
Really? Launches public art initiative? Whatever could it be? Maybe Rice was launching a 50,000 watt transmission of musical genres and styles that cannot be heard anywhere else on the local spectrum? Wait, Rice already does that. It is called KTRU. And what could be more artsy than the eclectic and unique songs that would fill the KTRU repertoire?
But apparently, Rice thinks that three random works around campus is public art. The works aren't bad, but I question how public they are. Parking at Rice is difficult enough, even for those of us who know the campus. And thanks to the changes in parking policy, there is not even free parking on campus. On the other hand, KTRU is available to anyone with an FM radio.
Indeed, while these installations may be nice, they are quite limited.
This one is called paraMuseum: Environmental Exigencies by Charles Mary Kubricht. It is four leaves.
Charles Mary Kubricht thinks of the Rice campus as some sort of "tree museum." These four panels, according to the Rice press release, "reflect her interest in how humans actively create and measure experience, perception, meaning and the fate of the natural environment."
At the rate things are going, Rice will be a museum for student expression, and unqiue and local art. Perhaps in 50 years, someone will have an installation of photographs documenting the glory of local programming and the grand history of KTRU.
But at least that one is in the Brochstein Pavilion, which is reasonably easy to find and access. Not so much can be said for the second work:
Aurora Robson's "Lift" is a huge spherical sculpture, made of more than 9,000 discarded plastic bottles.
This looks kinda cool, is apparently supposed to create "a sense of the 'cosmic and astronomical' among the daily regimen of bench presses and treadmills," in the Barbara and David Gibbs Recreation and Wellness Center. That is nice, but it is even less accessible to the public than the previous work. This ball hangs from the ceiling of the new Rec Center, which is limited to members of the Rice community. So while "faculty, staff and retirees, and graduate students of Rice University as well […] their spouse/domestic partner[s]" may enjoy this dangling décollage, the rest of the public will have to catch glimpses through the window as they run the outer loop.
And speaking of glimpsing through the window, the final work:
Leo Villareal's "Radiant Pathway" contains 92 LED light tubes, each of which have 20 pixels capable of displaying 16 million different colors. The changing light sequences are never repeated.
The non-repetition inherent in this work [edit: which resides in the BioScience Research Collaborative] certainly is an artistic marvel. However, Rice claims that it is a public work because people can see it through a window. University Art Director Molly Hubbard calls it a new era of public art "outside the hedges."Apparently a work inside a building that you can see through the window is "outside the hedges." But you know what else at Rice provided art for the Houston community outside the hedges? KTRU. And while Radiant Pathway is only on from 7 a.m. until midnight, KTRU transmits 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. While Rice claims to launch a public art initiative, it does so while eliminating one of the best sources of free, easy to access, public art in the city of Houston: KTRU Rice radio.
I do not like it when people accuse various politicians or institutions as being Orwellian. It is usually used in the sense of someone saying something that means the exact other. For example, the Healthy Forests Initiative allowed for private logging companies to cut down trees. It is probably more accurate to claim such actions are Doublespeak, or merely simple politicking. If you are doing one thing that people don't like, claim you are doing the exact opposite.
Or course, jokes about the Orwellian nature of the Rice administration are no new thing (pdf: Rice Thresher Orwellian Cartoon):
Rice University in 1984. Another classic Dan Derozier cartoon
So if 91.7 FM turns to classical music, which you can already get on 88.7 FM, and that source of unique, eclectic musical art from Houston and around the world goes silent, don't worry: Rice is launching a public art initiative by placing three works of art on its campus.
And that totally balances out.
Posted in Rice, Something I wrote, Texas
Tagged 91.7 FM, Aurora Robson, Charles Mary Kubricht, college radio, KTRU, Leo Villareal, public art, rice radio, Rice University