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Home » Test Page » Forward Motion, March 2021
March 29th, 2021, 2:03 PM By Kristin Slocum
Click here to watch our save the date video!
Summit Sponsorships Selling Quickly!
Sponsorships are selling quickly for the 20th Annual Southern California Transportation Summit, held virtually this year over two days – Thursday, Sept. 30 – Friday, Oct. 1, 2021!
Available sponsorships include:
Titanium Sponsorship – $25,000 SOLD OUT!
Platinum Sponsorships – $10,000 SOLD OUT!
Gold Sponsorships – $5,000
Breakfast Buffet and Breaks (2 available)
Notebook (1 LEFT)
Golf Towel (2 available)
Mask (2 available)
Copper Sponsorships – $2,500
Bronze Sponsorships – $1,000
(open to registered small businesses and nonprofits only)
Click here to view more information about the sponsorship packages or contact Kristin Slocum to sign up.
Paul Hubler
Director of Government & Community Relations
Alameda Corridor-East Project
Paul Hubler is Director of Government and Community Relations for the San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments (SGVCOG) and is responsible for securing grant funding for the $1.8 billion Alameda Corridor-East program of freight rail-highway grade separations in Los Angeles County. In partnership with Los Angeles County Metro and Caltrans, the SGVCOG is also responsible for construction of the State Route 57/60 Confluence Chokepoint Relief Project, a $420 million improvement to the second-highest truck accident location in Southern California and the 11th-most congested truck chokepoint in the United States.
Hubler is serving a three-year term as Chairman of the Coalition for America's Gateways and Trade Corridors, a 60-member coalition based in Washington, D.C. that has long advocated for dedicated federal funding for freight projects, resulting in a new $2 billion a year program authorized by Congress in 2015. Paul was invited to join the Mobility 21 Advisory Board in 2015 and most recently served a four-year term as President of the San Gabriel Valley Public Affairs Network.
Hubler previously served as Deputy Chief of Staff to Congressman (formerly State Senator) Adam B. Schiff, working on legislation and initiatives to secure funding for Southern California transportation, environmental and open space priorities. Paul served as staff lead on state legislation establishing a joint powers construction authority to complete the Foothill Gold Line light rail project.
Hubler received his bachelor's degree from Pitzer College in Claremont and his master's degree in public administration from the University of La Verne, where he serves as Chairman of the MPA Advisory Board. He is also past president of the Southern California Chapter of the American Society for Public Administration, the second largest chapter in the United States. Paul, his wife Patty Rhee, and their teenage children live in Glendale.
Eugene D. Seroka
The Port of Los Angeles
Gene Seroka is the Executive Director of the Port of Los Angeles, the busiest container port in North America. Nominated by Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti on May 27, 2014 and confirmed by the Los Angeles City Council on June 11, 2014, the Port of Los Angeles has experienced historic, record-breaking performances since his appointment.
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Seroka—who lived in China during the 2002-2004 SARS epidemic—has led the Port of Los Angeles' response to the global health crisis, keeping cargo flowing as an essential service to the nation. In March 2020, Mayor Garcetti named Seroka the Chief Logistics Officer for the City of Los Angeles, while concurrently serving as the Port's Executive Director. Seroka also leads the Logistics Victory Los Angeles (LoVLA) response effort that assists in getting critical personal protective equipment (PPE) and emergency supplies to healthcare workers and others throughout the supply chain. In December 2020, Supply Chain Dive named Seroka Executive of the Year for his leadership throughout the pandemic.
As Executive Director, Seroka interacts with a wide range of stakeholders, including Port customers around the globe, industry partners, elected and appointed officials at all levels, business leaders and local residents. A respected global trade expert, Seroka has advocated for rules-based trade agreements that benefit American exporters and manufacturers.
As chief of America's top port, he is responsible for managing a more than $1.6 billion budget, advancing major capital projects, growing trade volumes and promoting innovative, sustainable practices that strengthen the region's economy. Under his direction, the Port has taken a leadership role in adopting cutting-edge technologies to improve the reliability, predictability and efficiency of the flow of cargo across global seaborne trade, including the launch of the digital information portal Port Optimizer™ and companion data tools The Signal and The Return Signal.
While serving as Executive Director, Seroka has been appointed to serve on four federal committees to enhance the speed and efficiency of cargo movement and supply chain optimization, including the U.S. Department of Commerce Advisory Committee on Supply Chain Competitiveness, U.S. Maritime Administration Marine Transportation System National Advisory Committee, Federal Maritime Commission Supply Chain Innovation Team and U.S. Department of Transportation Bureau of Transportation's former Port Performance Freight Statistics Working Group. He currently serves as Chair of the California Association of Port Authorities and on the Board of the American Association of Port Authorities.
Seroka brings more than 33 years of experience in shipping, global logistics and executive management. After several key overseas positions for American President Lines (APL) Limited, he returned to the U.S. in 2010 to become President – Americas for the shipping line in Phoenix where he managed APL's Liner Shipping business, including 1,000 employees, and was responsible for all commercial, port terminal, intermodal, land transportation and labor activities throughout the region.
Seroka joined APL in 1988 as a sales support representative in the company's Cincinnati office after earning an MBA and Bachelor of Science in Marketing from the University of New Orleans. Over the years, he has held various positions in sales and management with increasing responsibility and high-level assignments all over the world. Throughout his career, he played a key role in global marketing and corporate strategies for APL.
Seroka's first overseas posting was in Shanghai where he served as Director of Sales and Marketing for North and Central China from 1999 to 2003. He then moved to Jakarta where he was President Director of PT APL and APL Logistics in Indonesia for two years before relocating to Singapore in 2005 to become Vice President of APL Logistics' business units in 26 countries in the company's Asia/Middle East and South Asia regions. From 2008 to 2010, he served as Vice President for APL and APL Logistics Emirates LLC in Dubai where he managed APL's business in the Middle East and East Africa Region.
Moffatt & Nichol
Moffatt & Nichol has supported economic growth and recovery since our founding in 1945, right here in Southern California. Whether it was building our regional economy and infrastructure after World War II, strengthening our role as a leader in global trade at our seaports, or hiring and innovating locally during the great recession of the last decade, we have remained committed to Southern California's economic development, its transportation needs, and its infrastructure—our infrastructure—for more than 75 years.
While no one can predict what the future holds for Southern California, our shared history shows that a commitment to open competition, transparent government policies, and long-term funding commitments will lead to our continued success and economic recovery.
We know the world of transportation is changing rapidly. We also know that the way to adapt to that change is through good science, good commercial practices, and an openness to new ideas.
Mobility 21 is the right forum to effect that change.
Learn more about our CARE strategy at Parsons.com/care/.
Reinforcing Our Commitment to Delivering a Better World
At Parsons, we are driven by our core values of safety, quality, integrity, diversity, innovation, and sustainability in our quest to deliver a better world. Our recently launched Cultivating a Responsible Enterprise (CARE) strategy reaffirms and formalizes Parsons' long-standing and industry-leading environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. Parsons is focused on reducing absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 20 percent by 2025, enhancing gender diversity, and enhancing ethnic/racial diversity.
CARE is an enterprise strategy grounded in our corporate purpose and core values to enhance revenue, recruiting, and retention while maintaining a focus on operational excellence and shareholder value. Establishing new goals and increasing accountability on ESG topics inspires meaningful change and is directly tied to our corporate mission.
Our teams around the world understand that our local actions have a global impact. With deep roots in Southern California, we are proud that many of these local actions are in support of our Southern California customers, employees, and communities. We will continue to help solve our state's transportation challenges, connecting communities and fostering improvements in mobility, economic growth, and safety.
Learn more about our CARE strategy at Parsons.com/care/, and about our transportation capabilities at Parsons.com/connected-communities/.
WSP employees made a pledge to be a voice for inclusion and diversity in the workplace.
At WSP USA we foster a work environment of equal opportunity where all employees experience a true sense of belonging, recognition, value and purpose. To support this aim, WSP has appointed a new vice president of Inclusion & Diversity and established a National Inclusion & Diversity Council to ensure that our leadership team, employees, work environment and strategies continue to inspire a diverse and inclusive culture across the organization.
Locally, we are interfacing with clients throughout Southern California walking the same journey within their agencies, exchanging ideas on how to engage all toward a more equitable society. WSP's Southern California- Nevada Inclusion & Diversity working group, led by Claudette Moody, adopted a mission statement and four pillars to approach diversity and inclusion in 2021. Our local mission statement is:
To create a welcoming and inclusive culture in the workplace and encourage opportunities for discussion, continuous education, training and celebrating our diversity.
It is telling that in a recent poll of staff in Southern California, the word most often cited to describe what diversity means was "Everyone." As we interact with our employees, with our clients, and with the communities in which we live and work, we will continue to include, respect, appreciate and develop projects for Everyone.
The tunnel boring machine arriving this month at Wilshire/La Cienega Station. Photo by Ken Karagozian for LA Metro.
First Tunneling Machine Reaches Future
Wilshire/La Cienega Subway Station
Earlier this month, Metro announced that its first Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), named Elsie, broke through to the Wilshire/La Cienega subway station in Beverly Hills. It is the first of two TBMs that will reach this last station on Section 1 of the Metro D Line (Purple) Extension project.
Tunneling for the first four-mile section of the subway project is now two-thirds complete. More than 90 percent of the tunnels have been mined safely and Metro anticipates completing tunnel mining this summer. Excavation for all three subway station boxes beneath Wilshire Boulevard has been completed.
Elsie, the 1,000-ton, 400-feet long Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), started west at the Wilshire/Fairfax station on May 29, 2020, and broke through to the Wilshire/La Cienega station site about one mile away on February 25. Metro's first TBM "Elsie" arrived at Wilshire/Fairfax on April 4, 2020.
Reaching this milestone is a significant win for Metro. Section 1 of project tunneling has presented challenges that have been successfully overcome by the project. En route to Wilshire/La Cienega, the agency's modern, high-tech TBMs have mined through a unique combination of soils and geologic conditions, including tar sands and methane gas.
Metro's TBMs were first lowered into the ground at Metro's Wilshire/La Brea station site in the Miracle Mile area of Wilshire in October 2018. While advancing, the TBM tunneled about 60 feet per day. They worked five days a week, 20 hours a day.
Metro's TBMs are pressurized, closed-face machines that minimize ground settlement during excavation. The tunnel is lined with precast concrete segments that are bolted together to form a ring. Segments are also gasketed to make the joints between segments water- and gas-tight.
When tunneling is finished for this project section, both of Metro's TBMs will have mined nearly half a million cubic yards of earth — the equivalent of filling 2.3 million bathtubs with dirt.
The TBMs were manufactured in Germany by Herrenknecht AG. Metro has contracted with Skanska Traylor Shea (STS), a joint venture to design and build the first section of the project.
The $9.3-billion Metro Purple Line Extension is a nine-mile underground subway project that will extend the Metro Purple Line from its terminus in Koreatown to Westwood/VA Hospital in West Los Angeles. Section 1 is expected to be completed in 2023, Section 2 in 2025 and Section 3 in 2027.
For more information on the Purple Line Extension Project, go to www.metro.net/purplelineext.
The Orange County Transportation Authority is beginning to study the concept of adding mobility hubs, providing residents with access to OC Bus, Metrolink commuter rail and more transportation options closer to where they live, work and play. Photo courtesy of OCTA.
OCTA to Study Mobility Hubs for More Seamless Transportation
Imagine a place near where you live, work or play to conveniently access walking or biking trails, rent a scooter, take public transportation or access a shared ride without having to get behind the wheel of a car to reach your destination.
That's the idea behind a mobility hub. And the Orange County Transportation Authority board this month took the first step toward creating these integrated transportation hubs in various parts of the county to help residents, workers and visitors access a range of seamless transportation options to keep moving safely and efficiently.
"OCTA's mission is to provide a variety of travel options that add up to a balanced and sustainable transportation system," said OCTA Chairman Andrew Do, also the county's First District Supervisor. "Future mobility hubs will help make those options more accessible and convenient for the people who live and work in our county. In the process, I hope these hubs will help us to provide critical connections, reduce the cost of transportation and curb pollution."
The OCTA board recently approved the selection of global consultant Steer Davies & Gleave, which has offices in Los Angeles and international experience developing transportation solutions, to develop a strategy for determining where mobility hubs should be located, what they should look like and what features they should include.
Users would be able to access more options for getting where they need to be while navigating a more seamless process of accessing various transportation options. Mobility hubs, flexible in their size and design, tend to be situated within activity centers with high concentrations of jobs, housing and/or recreation.
The objectives of creating mobility hubs include:
Increasing transit ridership on OC Bus, OC Flex, OC Streetcar, Metrolink, rideshare and other public options
Providing convenient alternatives to single-occupancy vehicle trips and reducing car dependency
Increasing the amount of shared rides
Reducing air pollution and encouraging active transportation
And providing equitable transportation solutions that meet the needs of all communities.
The Orange County Mobility Hubs Strategy is in the first stage, and part of the study will be outlining next steps once the concept is further refined. Those concepts will require more detailed planning, engineering and coordination between partners to move forward.
Results of the study, which will go back to the board for further consideration and direction, are expected in mid-2022.
SCAG Releases Inclusion, Diversity, Equity & Awareness
Website, Baseline Conditions Report & Public Survey
Last July, SCAG declared racism a public health crisis and, in the months, since has led regionwide discussions on ways to eliminate barriers that reduce opportunity for millions of Southern Californians.
As part of this commitment to meaningfully advance inclusion, diversity, equity and awareness, the Special Committee on Equity & Social Justice was formed to advise SCAG's Regional Council on policies and practices and has focused on helping guide the development of:
An agency‐wide working definition of "equity."
An Equity Inventory Report, which catalogs the existing equity‐related activities throughout SCAG's planning departments.
An Equity Framework containing indicators of existing inequities and disparities.
Find more information on the newly created inclusion, diversity, equity and awareness website including the working definition of Racial Equity, the recently released Racial Equity: Baseline Conditions Report, draft Racial Equity Early Action Plan and public survey.
We Need Your Input: Help us Shape the Racial Equity Early Action Plan!
We have prepared a survey to collect feedback on the framework for the draft Racial Equity Early Action Plan. The survey contains questions on the key actions SCAG can take to advance equity over the next one to three years and should take approximately 10 minutes to complete. Responses are completely confidential. The survey closes on Tuesday, March 30. Submit your feedback here.
Transportation Corridor Agencies and CHP
Partner to Put the Brakes on Excessive Speeders
The Transportation Corridor Agencies (TCA) are partnering with the California Highway Patrol (CHP) to increase the presence of law enforcement officers on The Toll Roads to encourage drivers to respect posted speed limits.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, TCA and the CHP have observed a complete disregard for posted speed limits by some drivers on The Toll Roads, prompting the Boards to act in the best interest of public safety. As a result, TCA will fund nearly 200 hours of targeted enforcement through the end of June.
"As a Director at TCA, public safety is my top priority. Just because fewer cars are on our roads (due to more remote working) does not give people a license to break the law. Neither I, nor anyone at TCA, condones reckless driving. We are putting our dollars to work and ramping up law enforcement because we want people to drive safely and arrive alive," said Director Don Wagner, Third District Orange County Supervisor and TCA Board Member.
Between Sept. 1 and Oct. 31, 2020, CHP officers across the state issued 4,851 citations for speeding in excess of 100 miles per hour, a 93 percent increase when compared to the same period the previous year, according to the California Office of Traffic Safety (OTS).
The targeted patrolling performed by CHP, the official law enforcement agency for all state highways, will be in addition to the hundreds of hours of enforcement already performed each month. Officers will increase comprehensive patrolling of the 73, 133, 241 and 261 Toll Roads.
"These additional hours will allow TCA and CHP to pinpoint the bad behaviors that we need to eradicate on our roads and serve as a reminder that paying a toll doesn't buy drivers out of following the rules of the road," said Foothill/Eastern Transportation Corridor Agency Chair Peggy Huang, who serves as Mayor of Yorba Linda. "I'm committed to public safety in my city and on The Toll Roads. Supporting this effort was an easy policy decision."
"We thank our CHP officers for aiding in this effort to ensure The Toll Roads remain the safest and most reliable travel choice for Orange County residents. Safety on our roads is paramount in our overall effort to provide enhanced mobility in our region. That we can implement a program like this by shifting priorities while staying within our lean fiscal year budget is a testament to the work of our staff," said San Joaquin Hills Transportation Corridor Agency Chair and Mission Viejo Mayor Trish Kelley.
For more information on TCA's programs and services, or to sign up for a FasTrak® account, visit thetollroads.com.
Cyclists enjoy a late winter ride on the Santa Ana River Trail in Riverside. RCTC is continuing work to expand the SART, which eventually will connect between Huntington Beach and Mentone.
Riverside County Expanding Trails for More Outdoor Fun, Fitness
With spring in the air, it's a great time to brush the cobwebs off your bike or running shoes and get outside for some exercise. Riverside County trails offer many options for cyclists, walkers, runners, and equestrians to explore the great outdoors.
Looking for someplace new? The first phase of the Salt Creek Trail opened in late December and includes a four-mile segment along the north side of Salt Creek flood control channel between Goetz Road and Antelope Road in Menifee and a one-mile segment along Domenigoni Parkway between Sanderson Avenue and Searl Parkway in Hemet. The trail includes a hard surface Class 1 bike path and a soft surface pedestrian path.
During its meeting on March 10, the Riverside County Transportation Commission approved an additional $160,000 in federal Congestion Mitigation Air Quality funding toward the total $8.1 million project, which was administered by the County of Riverside and is now operated by the Riverside County Regional Park and Open-Space District.
In a ceremony to mark the opening of the first phase of the trail, RCTC Commissioner and Menifee Mayor Bill Zimmerman noted this "awesome milestone" and explained that the four-mile segment of the trail in his city will benefit not only residents of Menifee, but also those of Canyon Lake, Perris, Winchester, French Valley, and Murrieta.
RCTC Commissioner and Hemet City Council Member Linda Krupa voiced appreciation to the County of Riverside and its partners for completing the first phase of the trail, which she said is being used in Hemet.
Further west, RCTC is continuing its planning efforts to expand the Santa Ana River Trail, envisioned to be the longest multi-use trail in southern California, stretching 110 miles between Huntington Beach and the National Forest boundary near Mentone. RCTC is working on multiple segments to fill gaps in the SART between Green River Road in Corona to the Hidden Valley Wildlife Area east of Norco.
RCTC has been coordinating with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to develop a one-mile segment of the trail referred to as "Phase 4" between West Rincon Street and Butterfield Drive, just east of the Corona Municipal Airport and adjacent to Butterfield Park. Work on the trail is expected to start this fall and continue until 2023.
Longer term, RCTC is conducting engineering and environmental studies for other trail segments, some in conjunction with planned Army Corps projects. Pending the completion of these studies, construction of some segments could start as early as 2023.
Rebuild SoCal Partnership (RSCP) Supports Proposed
Historic Traffic Relief Project from the Valley to the Westside
Rebuild SoCal Partnership (RSCP) has agreed to lend their support to the proposed San Fernando Valley to the Westside traffic relief project currently under review.
On March 25th, the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) will formally vote to embark on a Preliminary Development Agreement (PDA) with two teams competing to build a rapid transit system from the San Fernando Valley to the Westside and potentially to LAX and the South Bay.
This novel and innovative PDA approach toward potentially entering into a Public-Private Partnership will bring together funding from both the private and public sectors to ultimately pay for and construct one of the biggest and most ambitious construction projects ever undertaken in the United States. The Sepulveda Pass Transit Corridor Project will at long last bring commuting and travel relief to the most impacted roadways in the world—the 405 Freeway and the residents along this 19-mile corridor.
As MTA CEO Phil Washington noted, "As we work diligently to create a world-class transportation system here in the Los Angeles region, we will also be creating a new market for infrastructure innovation that can potentially help us build the most challenging project Metro has ever built."
The two teams competing for the project bring different technologies to what essentially will be an intense transit competition over the next couple of years with the most extensive community outreach and engagement effort ever undertaken by Metro. The best technological, financial, sustainable, and accountable proposal will emerge at the end of this period and then design and construction will commence with an estimated project delivery date of 2028 to the Westside and 2030 if it is extended to LAX and the South Bay, per the monorail proposal.
One team, the LA SkyRail Express (LASRE), is comprised of John Laing, BYD, HDR, Gensler, Innova and Skanska is proposing an electric, automated monorail system from the Valley to the Westside, and offered an extension to LAX, as well as a proposed direct connection to UCLA. The line would run along the median of the 405 and stations would be off the freeway but near key commercial and cultural centers. Total cost is estimated at $6.1 billion for the Valley to Westside, and still under the Measure M budget of $9.5 billion for the entire corridor from the Valley to LAX.
"Our mission is to work with elected officials and educate the public in Southern California on the continued need for infrastructure funding," said RSCP Executive Director, John Hakel. "We are happy to offer our support on this worthwhile project."
It was interesting to hear comments about monorail at the last few MTA meetings and in the media. In researching current monorail systems in operations, according to the International Monorail Association, 42 cities around the world have urban monorail systems totaling 269 miles and over 400 stations and several are being designed and built in several countries including Salvador and São Paulo Brazil, Cairo, and Bangkok.
The second team, Sepulveda Transit Corridor Partners is headed by Bechtel Corporation, Meridiam and American Triple I Partners. Their plan is to build a heavy rail system with tunneling 60% of the alignment and elevated guideway 40% of the alignment, from the Valley to Westwood at a projected cost of $10.8 billion.
Both teams have significant transportation and transit experience here and around the world and promise fast and user-friendly rides with both access and fare equity for a diverse ridership along the route.
The Rebuild SoCal Partnership, an organization of 2,750 contractors and 90,000 union workers, stands ready to help build the selected project and in doing so, seeing thousands of jobs created. We were proud to support MTA's Measures R and M as well as SB 1 for transit and infrastructure funding. Our members have been leaders in building many of the region's road, rail, bus, aviation and water projects for over 100 years.
But we also see huge opportunities for scores of young apprentices, minority subcontractors, disadvantaged business enterprises, women-owned businesses and veterans to contribute to this landmark project. We are encouraged to see the significant DBE commitment made by both teams for the PDA phase, and look forward to continued commitment throughout the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of the system.
This is a unique and complex undertaking with underground earthquake faults, utilities, ground water storage and supply and geotechnical challenges facing the ultimate winner of this two-team competition. But that's what is so novel about MTA's approach and will prove beneficial to commuters along the 405.
We watched the last MTA Board meeting where this project was discussed ahead of the final vote in March. Clearly, there will be debate about alignment, additional funding sources, station locations, the best way to connect to UCLA and commercial centers and life cycle costs. And this is where the public input throughout the process will greatly impact the choice of one team to finance, design, build, operate, and maintain the regional transit system that will dramatically improve the region's congested commute.
MTA Board member and City Councilman Paul Krekorian who represents the Valley was absolutely correct in his comments at the recent board meeting that the Valley cannot be shortchanged in this process and with the final project design. That is exactly what the PDA process selected by MTA will ensure!
Once we are post-COVID (and, hopefully, that day will come soon), we know the gridlock, lost hours, driver frustrations and bad air quality will return to the 405. So, let's keep this project on track and moving as fast as these two teams and the MTA are promising LA.
Forward Motion, January 2021
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Q: Add CSS property in Angualr2 with MetaWidget I am trying to add CSS when clicked on row or column of table, Following is code
private rowClicked(event: Event): void {
   event.srcElement.setAttribute("class", "highlighted");
}

But it's not working as accepted. Am I doing in wrong way, Is there any alternate way to add CSS dynamically?
Note-
Is there any way to add CSS using dom element, my table has thousands of data and to create this table, I have used MetaWidget.

A: The easiest way to your problem is to assign a unique ID to each included element together with employing another variable to hold selected ID. The logic to turn on my-class CSS class will now be based on the selected ID.
Your new HTML template:
<div (click)="rowClicked(1);" [ngClass]="{'my-class': highlightedDiv === 1}">
  > I'm a div that gets styled on click
</div>

Your rowClicked function:
highlightedDiv: number;

rowClicked(newValue: number) {
  if (this.highlightedDiv === newValue) {
    this.highlightedDiv = 0;
  }
  else {
    this.highlightedDiv = newValue;
  }
}

A working demo is here.
More can be found here.

You are using MetaWidget, but you are not mentioning what version you are using.
If you want work with Angular2 and MetaWidget, you should have use a compatible version of MetaWidget, which can be found here-
https://github.com/AmitsBizruntime/MetawidetA2
Using this library will be the best solution for you.
Re-
Angular does not work based on DOM, it works based on Component.
If you like to work on DOM, then you should include jQuery in tour angular project from here-
How to use jQuery with Angular2?
But it is not a good practice.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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FactCheck.org (http://factcheck.org/) This well known site really does check the facts behind statements made by both political parties and pulls out the truth. Here, you can take a look at what's true and what's not in political ads and statements made by the candidates and their affiliates. They back up their assertions with studies and data, which they link to, so you can read them for yourself. Of course, if you read too much of this site, you might decide they're all liars and not vote for anyone at all. Still, it's just the facts, ma'am. And we could all use them before the election.
Momocrats (http://momocrats.typepad.com/) If you're a mom and a Democrat, don't miss this cordial blog that expects good behavior on its pages or else: "Mind your manners or you may get a time out."
Moms4McCain (http://moms4mccain.blogspot.com/) If you're a mom who leans toward the right in politics, this blog by a McCain supporter and mom is for you.


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Home/Sports/Sir Mo Farah's Olympic hopes all but over after first 10,000m loss in a decade
Sir Mo Farah's Olympic hopes all but over after first 10,000m loss in a decade
DUK Editor Team Send an email June 6, 2021
Sir Mo Farah's hopes of an Olympic swansong were left in tatters after he was beaten over 10,000 metres for the first time in a decade.
The four-time Olympic champion trailed in eighth at the University of Birmingham last night, more than 20 seconds outside the qualifying time required to get him to Tokyo.
He later revealed he had suffered a left ankle injury training at altitude in Arizona a fortnight ago.
Marc Scott, who dared to suggest beforehand that Farah's aura had gone, took the British title to stamp his ticket to Tokyo.
But Farah could manage no better than 27 minutes 50.54 seconds and now needs a miracle to get the 27:28 time he requires to stand any chance of a wild card pick.
Sir Mo said: "The last 10 days haven't been great. This is the first bit of track I've done.
"It would have been easy not to show but it was important I came out. I am four-times Olympic champion but that doesn't mean nothing.
No more of this: Farah pictured winning 5000m gold in Rio. Will this now be his last Olympic memory?
(Image: Getty)
"You've got to go out there each race and give yourself a chance. I dug in deep but with 15 laps to go, you know my face, I was hurting hard."
Farah, the champion of London and Rio, has three weeks until the deadline and little-known rival Sam Atkin, who did not race in Brum, already has the qualifying time.
The Londoner's previous defeat over 25 laps had come at the 2011 World Championships in Daegu – a disappointment that drove him to dominate the event for the next decade.
Marc Scott: "the one goal I came in to do. I successfully did. I won the British race"
(Image: REUTERS)
Now 38, and having not raced over the distance since winning the world title in London, he had appeared vulnerable to his rivals and Scott wasn't afraid to say so.
In the event neither had the legs to challenge European champion Morhad Amdouni, who won the European Cup event running concurrently with the British trial in 27:23.27.
With Farah having said that Tokyo would be his final championship before retirement, this may well be the last we see of Britain's most decorated athlete.
Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce became second fastest woman of all time over 100m yesterday
"The race wasn't perfect by any means," said Scott, seventh overall. "But, look, the one goal I came in to do. I successfully did. I won the British race and that's the main thing tonight, to get on the plane."
Farah's disappointment contrasted with the elation felt by Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce at becoming the second fastest woman of all time over 100 metres at a meeting in Jamaica.
Nine years after her previous fastest time and 13 since her first Olympic title in Beijing, the mother of one clocked 10.63 seconds in Kingston – a time bettered only by the late, and controversial, Florence Griffiths-Joyner (10.49).
Eilish McColgan ran a perfectly judged race to win British title and stamp her ticket for Tokyo
(Image: PA)
"If I'm able to run 10.6 now… I'm just looking forward to what the process will bring," she warned ominously.
Back at Birmingham, Eilish McColgan scored an emotional victory in the woman's race to book her place at the Olympics 30 years after her mum Liz won the world 10,000m title in Tokyo.
McColgan timed her run to perfection to snatch the win on the line in 31:19.21, with Jess Judd grabbing the second place on the plane by also achieving the qualifying time (31:19.35).
Liz tweeted: "Championship racing is a different ball game, never a given to qualify for the Olympics. But you turn up race and get the job done well done to @EilishMccolgan and @jessjudd. Box ticked."
IAAF World Championships London 2012 Olympics Marc Scott Mo Farah Tokyo Olympic Games University Of Birmingham
Earl of Mornington is seen holidaying in Ibiza with an employee at his £2.5billion investment firm
Prince William replaces polo ponies with a huge painting... and gives a copy of the artwork to Harry
Arsenal will find it difficult to replicate Aubameyang's points-winning trait
Wright slams "disgraceful" Leicester fans for abusive Community Shield comments
No Red Carpet And No Celebrity Guests – But Here's Who Won Big At The 2022 Golden Globes
Tory MPs' backlash over small print in social care plan as dozens are to rebel against Boris Johnson
Huge queues at train stations as desperate Londoners flee the capital ahead of Tier 4
Revellers hurl bottles at police trying to break up house party

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
using ::testing::InSequence;

namespace Envoy {
namespace Init {
namespace {

void expectUninitialized(const Manager& m) { EXPECT_EQ(Manager::State::Uninitialized, m.state()); }
void expectInitializing(const Manager& m) { EXPECT_EQ(Manager::State::Initializing, m.state()); }
void expectInitialized(const Manager& m) { EXPECT_EQ(Manager::State::Initialized, m.state()); }

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, AddImmediateTargetsWhenUninitialized) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t1("t1");
  m.add(t1);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t2("t2");
  m.add(t2);

  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  // initialization should complete immediately
  t1.expectInitializeWillCallReady();
  t2.expectInitializeWillCallReady();
  w.expectReady();
  m.initialize(w);
  expectInitialized(m);
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, AddAsyncTargetsWhenUninitialized) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t1("t1");
  m.add(t1);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t2("t2");
  m.add(t2);

  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  // initialization should begin
  t1.expectInitialize();
  t2.expectInitialize();
  m.initialize(w);
  expectInitializing(m);

  // should still be initializing after first target initializes
  t1.ready();
  expectInitializing(m);

  // initialization should finish after second target initializes
  w.expectReady();
  t2.ready();
  expectInitialized(m);
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, AddMixedTargetsWhenUninitialized) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t1("t1");
  m.add(t1);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t2("t2");
  m.add(t2);

  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  // initialization should begin, and first target will initialize immediately
  t1.expectInitializeWillCallReady();
  t2.expectInitialize();
  m.initialize(w);
  expectInitializing(m);

  // initialization should finish after second target initializes
  w.expectReady();
  t2.ready();
  expectInitialized(m);
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, AddImmediateTargetWhenInitializing) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t1("t1");
  m.add(t1);

  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  // initialization should begin
  t1.expectInitialize();
  m.initialize(w);
  expectInitializing(m);

  // adding an immediate target shouldn't finish initialization
  ExpectableTargetImpl t2("t2");
  t2.expectInitializeWillCallReady();
  m.add(t2);
  expectInitializing(m);

  // initialization should finish after original target initializes
  w.expectReady();
  t1.ready();
  expectInitialized(m);
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, UnavailableTarget) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  // add a target and destroy it
  {
    ExpectableTargetImpl t("t");
    m.add(t);
    t.expectInitialize().Times(0);
  }

  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  // initialization should complete despite the destroyed target
  w.expectReady();
  m.initialize(w);
  expectInitialized(m);
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, UnavailableManager) {
  InSequence s;

  ExpectableTargetImpl t("t");
  ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

  {
    ManagerImpl m("test");
    expectUninitialized(m);

    m.add(t);

    // initialization should begin before destroying the manager
    t.expectInitialize();
    m.initialize(w);
    expectInitializing(m);
  }

  // the watcher should not be notified when the target is initialized
  w.expectReady().Times(0);
  t.ready();
}

TEST(InitManagerImplTest, UnavailableWatcher) {
  InSequence s;

  ManagerImpl m("test");
  expectUninitialized(m);

  ExpectableTargetImpl t("t");
  m.add(t);

  {
    ExpectableWatcherImpl w;

    // initialization should begin before destroying the watcher
    t.expectInitialize();
    m.initialize(w);
    expectInitializing(m);

    w.expectReady().Times(0);
  }

  // initialization should finish without notifying the watcher
  t.ready();
}

} // namespace
} // namespace Init
} // namespace Envoy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Most DBAs at one time or another have been taught the importance of master data management(MDM), which is comprised of a set of processes and tools in order to keep your non-transactional data in a consistent state. However, with today's fast paced environment and tightening budgets most DBAs lack the resources to properly implement it. With the upcoming release of SQL Server 2012, Microsoft has taken their second swipe at providing a tool known as Master Data Services(MDS) to aid the DBA in this endeavor. In this session, you will learn the how Master Data Services is implemented in SQL Server 2012, setting up models, working through the Excel plug-in, and utilizing DQS and business rules to help with that dirty data. This session will definitely be an eye opener for some that were on the fence with the first release and those that are coming into the platform with a fresh set of eyes!


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text:
Consulte los artículos y contenidos publicados en éste medio, además de los e-sumarios de las revistas científicas en el mismo momento de publicación
Chequear el estado de un manuscrito
Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition)
Suscribe to the journal
Inicio Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition) Can the laryngeal mask play a role in electroconvulsive treatment? A pilot study
Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health) is the official scientific publication of the Spanish Society of Psychiatry and the Spanish Society of Biological Psychiatry. The journal is oriented to the study of mental illnesses, their pathological processes, and their psychosocial consequences, and has as its aim to disseminate the scientific advances in all fields related to the illness and mental health. It accepts unpublished works on psychiatry and mental health, and its medical and social repercussions. For this reason, space is provided in the Journal for works in the biological, clinical and psychosocial field. Manuscripts are evaluated, before being accepted, by external reviewers (peer-review).
See more Open Access Option
Index Medicus/Medline, IBECS, Social Sciences Citation Index Journal Citation Reports/Social Sciences Edition Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences
Vol. 9. Issue 4.
Pages 203-209 (October - December 2016)
Ethical disclosures
Protection of human and animal subjects
Confidentiality of data
Right to privacy and informed consent
DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsmen.2015.09.001
Can the laryngeal mask play a role in electroconvulsive treatment? A pilot study
¿Puede tener un papel la mascarilla laríngea en la práctica de la terapia electroconvulsiva? Un estudio piloto
Imma Buj-Alvareza,b, Josep Pifarréa,b,c,
pifarre1@comll.cat
pifarre1@lleida.org
, Gregorio Marcoa, Monia de Sousa-Dusoa, Montse Martínezb,c, Jesús López-Gómeza
a Gestión de Servicios Sanitarios, Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria, Lleida, Spain
b Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
c Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
Table 1. Characteristics of the sample.
Table 2. Differences in the duration of electroencephalographic convulsion following ventilation with a facial or laryngeal mask.
Optimising ventilation control in the anaesthetic process of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can be a method for improving the effectiveness and safety of some treatments. There are several approaches for inducing adequate therapeutic seizures in patients with medical co-morbidity or in those with high seizure thresholds, although all of them present limitations. A new approach is hyperventilation with laryngeal mask, a method that improves oxygenation, achieves hypocapnia, and lowers seizure threshold. Thus, hyperventilation with laryngeal mask could, hypothetically, be useful to decrease the energy needed to obtain adequate therapeutic seizures.
A randomised crossover study was conducted on 14 patients on maintenance ECT, using a laryngeal mask vs a facemask. When laryngeal masks were applied, the energy was reduced by 45% compared with the energy required when ventilated with facemasks (performed with standard dose).
The results of the study revealed that, despite a 45% energy reduction with laryngeal mask, there were no significant differences in seizure length in either group.
These results prompt us to propose ventilation with laryngeal mask as an alternative to decrease energy applied without lowering seizure times. This is a preliminary study with a small sample, which opens new lines of research. Larger samples and other measurements of seizure adequacy are needed in future studies, in order to study possible improvements in ventilation and minimising adverse effects of ECT, especially in patients with medical co-morbidities.
Seizure threshold
Optimizar el control de la ventilación en el proceso anestésico de la terapia electroconvulsiva (TEC) puede ser una forma de mejorar la efectividad y la seguridad del tratamiento. Existen varios métodos para inducir una convulsión terapéutica adecuada en pacientes con enfermedad médica comórbida o en aquellos con elevado umbral convulsivo, aunque todos presentan alguna limitación. Un nuevo abordaje es la hiperventilación con mascarilla laríngea, que produce una mayor oxigenación e hipocapnia, disminuyendo el umbral convulsivo. Este hecho puede, hipotéticamente, servir para disminuir la energía necesaria para obtener una convulsión terapéutica adecuada.
Se ha realizado un estudio piloto aleatorizado y cruzado con 14 pacientes en TEC de mantenimiento, utilizando mascarilla laríngea versus mascarilla facial. Las sesiones de TEC con mascarilla facial se realizaron con la energía estándar, mientras que en las sesiones de TEC con mascarilla laríngea se disminuyó la energía en un 45%.
A pesar de la reducción del 45% en la energía aplicada con el uso de mascarilla laríngea, no se han encontrado diferencias significativas en la duración de la convulsión en ambos grupos.
Con estos resultados se podría proponer la ventilación con mascarilla laríngea como una alternativa para disminuir la energía aplicada sin repercutir en la duración de la crisis. Este es un estudio preliminar con una muestra pequeña, aunque abre nuevas líneas de investigación. Sería necesario aumentar la muestra y valorar otras medidas de calidad de las convulsiones en futuros estudios con el fin de estudiar sus efectos no solo en la dosis de energía necesaria, sino también en una posible mejora de la ventilación y una posible minimización de los potenciales efectos secundarios de la TEC, algo que sería relevante sobre todo en pacientes con comorbilidad médica.
Terapia electroconvulsiva
Mascarilla laríngea
Umbral convulsivo
Estímulo
The progress made over more than half a century in practicing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has made the technique safer and minimised its side effects. This progress has taken place in the use of anaesthesia, the characteristics of modern ECT equipment and the protocol for use of the therapy.1,2 In spite of this, some aspects of ECT require improvement. It is important to develop methods that are safer, simpler and more effective, to minimise adverse effects, especially cognitive ones.2,3 It is important to find new methods that increase the safety of ECT and minimise its side effects, especially for 2 types of patients: those with medical comorbidities and at high risk under anaesthesia, as well as outpatients in maintenance therapy.2,4–7
Each individual has a different convulsive threshold, and there is a wide range of variability in this respect.8–12 This is due to several factors (age, sex, electrode positioning, the use of psychoactive drugs, anaesthesia doses and type, the number of sessions, oxygenation and carbon dioxide levels, etc.). A high convulsive threshold may lead to a convulsion that is hardly effective, reducing the efficacy of the ECT13 and leading to more adverse effects.
The lack of suitable convulsions, even with the maximum permitted energy,10 is a common problem in clinical practice.13 Several different strategies exist to improve convulsions: electric methods such as changes in pulse amplitude, or in the frequency, intensity and duration of the same, as well as the position of the electrodes.14–17 Other methods seek to reduce the convulsive threshold,18 such as the suppression of benzodiazepines,19 the use of Ketamine as an anaesthetic,9 the addition of Remifentanil,20 light stimulation and muscle relaxants. Adenosine antagonists such as caffeine, theophylline and aminophylline have also been used, although they lead to cardiovascular complications among other risks.21 Another strategy is to use sleep deprivation,22 as this is accompanied by an increase in neuronal excitability. However, the complexity of this technique must be taken into consideration. The majority of the methods used increase side effects or are too complex to be applied in everyday clinical practice.
Hyperventilation gives rise to an increase in pO2 and a fall in CO2, and it may improve the quality of convulsions.20,21,23–25 Hyperventilation prior to electrical stimulation is known to lower the convulsive threshold, and 100% oxygenation is recommended.26 Hypocapnia prior to electrical stimulation is beneficial in preventing failed crises and improving the quality of convulsions.20,23,26,27 Hyperoxygenation-hypocapnia are associated with better convulsions.25,28
There are different methods of assisted mechanical ventilation. The one used the most in everyday clinical practice is ventilation using a face mask (FM). Another method is ventilation using a laryngeal mask (LM).
LM ventilation has been used in anaesthesia since the 1990s, especially for minor surgery, as it is less invasive than traditional intubation.23 A LM gives better management of the supraglottic airway in comparison with a FM, while at the same time it avoids the drawbacks of intubation. A LM is not invasive and may be inserted without any special equipment. It also provides better protection of the airway of the gastrointestinal tract and guarantees more effective ventilation when there are other associated variables, such as obesity or a neck anatomy that may interfere with ventilation. The complexity of managing anaesthesia and the economic cost of LM mean that it may be considered to stand half-way between the use of a FM and intubation.
Few publications exist about the use of a LM in ECT.6,23,29–31 All of them show LM to be safe and effective.
Nishihara et al.31 undertook a study of patients who fulfilled the criteria for difficult ventilation and had been treated using ECT. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the type of ventilation control: one group with a LM and the other with a FM. The authors found that clinical convulsion time in the FM group was significantly shorter than it was in the LM group.
Haeck et al.23 suggested in their study that a LM could be a good method for controlling hyperventilation, obtaining a longer convulsion time and reducing confusional symptoms.
Published clinical cases were found in which a LM was considered necessary for ECT, with effective and safe results in spite of patient complexity. Brown et al.29 successfully used a LM in 8 sessions of ECT in a pregnant patient with difficulty for management of the airway. Martínez-Amorós et al.6 described the successful use of a LM in patients with pseudocholinesterase deficit. Chow30 used a LM in a 37 year old patient with a family history of malignant hyperthermia. These authors observed a possible reduction in the convulsive threshold due to better control of the PaCO2.
The use of a LM may therefore be a safe and effective method for ventilation in ECT. One of its potential advantages would be the possibility of improving the convulsive threshold with lower stimulus intensity.23,31
The main hypothesis of our study is that, in the same patient and due to the greater effectiveness of ventilation with a LM rather than a FM, less energy would be needed to achieve a similar convulsion time. We selected a 45% reduction in energy on the basis of previous studies23,30,31 and our preliminary personal experience.
A sample of 14 patients in the maintenance ECT programme (mECT) were included in the study. It was decided to include only patients in the mECT programme to minimise variability in the use of ECT for each patient, and to have a series of previous ECT sessions at stable doses of energy. All of the patients were in a stable situation in terms of pharmacological dose as well as the electrical stimulation used. The inclusion criteria were: psychopathological stability over the previous 3 months; evaluation and acceptance of the case by the anaesthetist (individual evaluation of ASA III patients and exclusion of ASA IV patients); acceptance of the study and signing of the informed consent form by the patient. The exclusion criteria were: abuse of alcohol and/or other toxic substances, except for the stable consumption of nicotine and caffeine; and changes in psychopharmacological treatment during the study. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee and was undertaken according to the ethical standards set by the Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent modifications.
This is a crossed randomised study. For each patient 2 consecutive sessions of mECT were monitored, one with a FM and the other with a LM. The order of the two sessions (with FM vs LM) was randomised. Six patients commenced the study with a FM and 8 commenced with a LM. Previous ECT session were undertaken with the usual procedure of the centre, i.e., with a FM. All concomitant medication was kept stable during the study. The anaesthetic procedure was the same in all cases.
In the case of ECT sessions with facial ventilation, the energy used was predetermined according to the average of the previous 6 sessions, while for the LM a reduction of 45% in the dose of energy used in the same average measurement was given.
Anaesthesia was induced using intravenous Propofol (1mg/kg) and prophylactic intravenous atropine (0.01mg/kg). Intravenous Mivacurium was given (0.1mg/kg) instead of Succinylcholine (0.5mg/kg) to give better and prolonged conditions of muscular relaxation with the ventilation protocol used. This was so in the sessions of ECT with a FM and with a LM.
All of the patients in both experimental groups were preoxygenated with oxygen at 100% during 5min. before the induction of anaesthesia. To ensure better control, ventilation with positive pressure in "volume control" mode was used at 20rpm for 10ml/kg tidal volume during 3min. with Siemens® Servo 900C equipment. In both ventilation methods (FM and LM) there was a wait of 3min with each patient to guarantee proper exchange of their whole residual functional capacity, due to the 100% oxygen administered for inspiration (denitrogenised)32 and to give time for the neuromuscular blocker used (Mivacurium)to begin acting clinically.33 The electrical stimulation was applied just after this period, used MECTA® spECTrum 5000Q equipment, with the electrodes positioned bifrontotemporally (this positioning was carefully marked and the same position was always used for each patient). Convulsions were monitored using 2 recording channels, establishing the locations at a bilateral prefrontal and mastoid level. The equipment automatically makes an electroencephalographic record. The convulsion time, at a motor as well as a central level, was evaluated by the psychiatrists in the study.
Quantitative variables are described as averages±standard deviation or a median or interquartile range. Due to the small size of the sample Wilcoxon's non-parametric test was used to analyse paired data in the comparison between ventilation using a LM or a FM. All analyses were conducted bilaterally and with a level of statistical significance of 0.05. The SPSS and R programmes were used for statistical analysis.
A total of 14 patients in mECT were studied (Table 1). The ratio of men to women was 4:10 (28.6 vs 71.4%). Participants' ages varied from 26 to 83 years old, with an average age of 53.07 years old. The diagnoses of the patients were: schizophrenia in 5 patients, major depression in five others, bipolar disorder in 2 and schizoaffective disorder in the remaining 2. The average energy applied using a FM was 100.8J, and the average energy applied using a LM was 55.8J.
Characteristics of the sample.
Diagnosis (DSM-IV-TR criteria)
Session frequency
ECT FM energy (J)
ECT LM energy (J)
Clinical convulsion time; ECT FM
EEG convulsion duration; ECT FM
Clinical convulsion duration; ECT LM
EEG convulsion duration; ECT LM
1 Female 26 Bipolar D. Fortnightly 140.3 74.0 32 32 22 26
2 Male 38 Schizophrenia Fortnightly 152.1 80.2 46 65 45 62
3 Female 83 Major depression Weekly 54.1 30.2 27 39 29 29
4 Male 62 Schizoaffective D. Monthly 108.1 59.4 23 42 31 31
5 Male 77 Major depression Monthly 136.9 74 44 60 50 67
6 Female 42 Schizoaffective D. Fortnightly 55.2 30.2 29 39 15 20
7 Female 32 Schizophrenia Fortnightly 41.6 23.3 60 60 65 81
8 Female 51 Bipolar D. Fortnightly 91.2 50.7 44 51 46 57
9 Female 45 Schizophrenia Monthly 55.2 31.2 42 42 47 63
10 Female 31 Schizophrenia Fortnightly 15.5 8.6 47 47 71 72
11 Female 48 Schizophrenia Monthly 90.1 48.5 39 45 46 62
12 Female 64 Major depression Monthly 152.1 84.5 51 51 52 59
13 Female 83 Major depression Fortnightly 136.9 76.0 22 25 42 42
14 Male 61 Major depression Fortnightly 182.5 110.9 20 42 46 52
The average electric convulsion times were 45s for the FM and 51s for the LM. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of the convulsion time detected by the electroencephalogram (Wilcoxon's test for paired differences, with a value of P=.140) in spite of the 45% less energy administered in the LM ventilation group (Table 2). Nor were any differences found in connection with clinical convulsion times (37s with the FM vs 43s with the LM, P=.059), although there seems to be a tendency towards longer clinical convulsion times with LM ventilation.
Differences in the duration of electroencephalographic convulsion following ventilation with a facial or laryngeal mask.
EEG convulsion duration in seconds, average±standard deviationa 45.71±11.048 51.64±18.870
Range of EEG convulsion in seconds 25–65 20–81
Duration of clinical convulsion in seconds, average±standard deviationb 37.57±12.176 43.43±15.356
Total energy administered in Joules, average±standard deviation 100.84±50.75 55.83±28.84
Energy range in Joules 15.50–182.50 8.60–110.90
Wilcoxon's test, P=.140.
Use of the LM was found to permit at least a 45% reduction in the energy applied by the MECTA® equipment, while keeping a similar duration of convulsion. No significant differences were found in convulsion times between the two groups of the sample studied.
Previous studies found that the use of a LM produces hypocapnia before electrical stimulation, leading to a longer duration of the crisis. These studies also found that hypocapnia before electrical stimulation may prevent an increase in intracranial pressure which in turn causes cephalea, a common side effect.23,27 Other studies find higher quality convulsions under hyperoxygenation and slight hypocapnia, showing that this may lead to a reduction in the energy to be applied.25
There is a known relationship between the dose of electrical stimulation and the appearance of side effects in ECT.34,35 Therefore, any method that has the purpose of reducing the energy applied without lowering the quality of the convulsion characteristics is of high interest in the practice of ECT, especially in the populations at highest risk.3
It has been said that suitable convulsions are not achieved in up to 5% of cases.10 The use of a LM may be considered to be a way of amplifying the crisis. Additionally, studies with LM have shown them to be safe in terms of anaesthetic parameters.6,23,29–31 In this context, it is of interest to consider using LM in patients with a high anaesthesia risk, given the higher level of oxygenation and the possibility of administering practically half of the dose of energy in comparison with FM.
When patients are in an acute phase repeated ECT sessions may raise the convulsive threshold, leading to the need to gradually increase the intensity of the stimulus applied. This gives rise to cognitive side effects, including confusional symptoms.1,2,11 On the other hand, it must be taken into account that patients in a mECT programme will return home after recovering from the anaesthesia. It is therefore of vital importance to prevent or minimise side effect in acute phases as well as during mECT.
Previous studies have used different individuals when making this comparison.23,31 Nevertheless, taking into account the high level of variability between different subjects and the fact that the convulsive threshold is individual, it is important to perform studies using paired data, where each patient is their own control, to reduce differences and confusion factors to a minimum.
This study proposes using LM as an alternative to increase hyperventilation, reduce the amount of energy applied and, probably, to minimise the potential side effects of the technique. However, the fact that this is a preliminary study must be taken into account. Although it opens new lines of research, it also has certain limitations that should be considered in future studies.
Firstly the sample is small, which is inherent in a pilot study, and we have tried to minimise the effect of this by using paired data analysis. New studies with broader samples will be necessary to corroborate the findings here. Secondly, it would be necessary to study not only the duration of crises but also the quality of the convulsion, especially in connection with the amplitude and ictal shape in the electroencephalogram.36,37 Thirdly, more studies with other anaesthetic agents which are less anticonvulsive than Propofol should be conducted.9,18,38 Fourthly, future studies would be justified by the need to study whether adverse effects and most especially cognitive ones really are reduced. And finally, it would be necessary to compare both procedures (LM vs FM) in connection with other aspects (the duration of the procedure, possible undesirable effects, and costs).
Based on this study it can be suggested that (at least with the MECTA® spECTrum 5000Q) 45% less energy be applied in patients ventilated using a LM, compared with the standard use of a FM.
We believe that ventilation using a LM may have three advantages: it ensures good ventilation, reduces possible adverse effects and achieves therapeutic convulsion with a lower dose of energy. Ventilation using a LM is a simple, safe and effective strategy to lower the convulsive threshold in patients with a high threshold.
We consider it to be highly interesting to be able to continue this line of research from an evidence-based viewpoint, as it is more effective and efficient than many other therapeutic strategies which are studied more and have larger research budgets.39 It would also be of interest to study it with a multidisciplinary approach, including the knowledge of psychiatrists and anaesthetists, with the aim of obtaining the best clinical results with the highest possible level of safety.18
Ethical disclosuresProtection of human and animal subjects
The authors declare that the procedures followed are in accordance with the ethical norms of the responsible human experimentation committee and the World Medical Association and the Helsinki Declaration.
The authors declare that they followed the protocols of their centre of work on the publication of patient data.
The authors obtained the informed consent of the patients and/or subjects referred to in this paper. This document is held by the corresponding author.
This work was partially financed by the Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI10/02535).
The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.
The authors would like to thank the clinical staff of the ECT Unit in the Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria-GSS.
American Psychiatric Association.
The practice of electroconvulsive therapy. Recommendations for treatment, training and privileging.
2nd ed., American Psychiatric Association, (2001),
N.A. Payne, J. Prudic.
Electroconvulsive therapy: Part I. A perspective on the evolution and current practice on ECT.
J Psychiatr Pract, 15 (2009), pp. 346-368
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pra.0000361277.65468.ef | Medline
S.A. Legendre, R.A. Stern, D.A. Solomon, M.J. Furman, K.E. Smith.
The influence of cognitive reserve on memory following electroconvulsive therapy.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 15 (2003), pp. 333-339
http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.15.3.333 | Medline
N. Ramiro Sousa, J. Pifarré Paredero, M. Mur Laín, G. Marco Naya.
Electroconvulsive therapy in patients with high medical complexity.
Med Clin (Barc), 127 (2006), pp. 313-314
L. Rami, M. Bernardo, T. Boget, J. Ferrer, M.J. Portella, J.A. Gil-Verona, et al.
Cognitive status of psychiatric patients under maintenance electroconvulsive therapy: a one-year longitudinal study.
E. Martínez-Amorós, E. Real, P.A. Barrado, M. Carulla, M. Urretavizcaya, N. Cardoner.
Optimizing electroconvulsive therapy in non-suspected pseudocholinesterase deficiency: laryngeal mask use and neuromuscular selection.
Psychosomatics, 51 (2010), pp. 537-538
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Meta-analysis of initial seizure thresholds in electroconvulsive therapy.
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I.M. Reti, M. Walker, K. Pulia, J. Gallegos, G. Jayaram, P. Vaidya.
Safety considerations for outpatient electroconvulsive therapy.
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A.D. Krystal, R.D. Weiner, M.D. Dean, V.H. Lindahl, L.A. Tramontozzi 3rd, G. Falcone, et al.
Duration, ictal EEG and cognitive effects of ketamine and methohexital anesthesia with ECT.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 15 (2003), pp. 27-34
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A.D. Krystal, M.D. Dean, R.D. Weiner, L.A. Tramontozzi 3rd, K.M. Coonor, V.H. Lindahl, et al.
ECT stimulus intensity: are present ECT devices too limited?.
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H.A. Sackeim.
Are ECT devices underpowered?.
Convuls Ther, 7 (1991), pp. 233-236
J.A. Van Waarde, L.J.B. van Oudheusden, B. Verwey, E.J. Giltay, R.C. van der Mast.
Clinical predictors of seizure threshold in electroconvulsive therapy: a prospective study.
M.R. Ju, T.K. Birkenhager, W.W. van den Broek.
Does power matter with ECT?.
J Affect Disord, 89 (2005), pp. 213-216
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2005.09.005 | Medline
C.H. Kellner, K.G. Tobias, J. Wiegand.
Electrode placement in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a review of the literature.
J ECT, 26 (2010), pp. 175-180
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181e48154 | Medline
H. Kawashima, Y. Suwa, T. Murai, R. Yoshioka.
Elongation of pulse width as an augmentation stategy in electroconvulsive therapy.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat, 10 (2014), pp. 2009-2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S67121 | Medline
A.V. Peterchev, M.A. Rosa, Z.D. Deng, J. Prudic, S.H. Lisanby.
Electroconvulsive therapy stimulus parameters: rethinking dosage.
J ECT, 6 (2010), pp. 159-174
H.P. Spaans, K.H. Kho, E. Verwijk, R.M. Kok, M.L. Stek.
Efficacy of ultrabrief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for depression: a systematic review.
J Affect Disord, 150 (2013), pp. 720-726
R. Guerrero-Domínguez, D. López-Herrera-Rodríguez, J. Acosta-Martínez, I. Jiménez.
New advances in electroconvulsive therapy. What is the influence of anaesthetic agents?.
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Barc), 8 (2015), pp. 44-47
V. Galvez, C.L. Loo, A. Alonzo, E. Cerrillo, J.M. Menchón, M. Crespo, et al.
Do benzodiazepines moderate the effectiveness of bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy in major depression?.
C. Loo, B. Simpson, R. MacPherson.
Augmentation strategies in electroconvulsive therapy.
C. Loo, A. Kaill, P. Paton, B. Simpson.
The difficult-to-treat electroconvulsive therapy patient – strategies for augmenting outcomes.
E. Gelabert, E. Rojo, J. Vallejo.
Augmentation of electroconvulsive therapy seizures with sleep deprivation.
M. Haeck, B. Gillmann, H. Janouschek, M. Grözinger.
Electroconvulsive therapy can benefit from controlled hyperventilation using a laryngeal mask.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 261 (2011), pp. S172-S176
E. Sawayama, M. Takhashi, A. Inoue, K. Nakajima, A. Kano, T. Sawayama, et al.
Moderate hyperventilation prolongs electroencephalogram seizure duration of the first electroconvulsive therapy.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCT.0b013e3181620815 | Medline
S.S. Aksay, J.M. Bumb, C. Janke, C. Hoyer, L. Kranaster, A. Sartorius.
New evidence for seizure quality improvement by hiperoxia and mild hypocapnia.
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C. Datto, A.K. Rai, H.J. Ilivicky, S.N. Caroff.
Augmentation of seizure induction in electroconvulsive therapy: a clinical reappraisal.
S. Saito, Y. Kadoi, F. Nihishara, C. Aso, F. Goto.
End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring stabilized hemodynamic changes during ECT.
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C.D. Crawford, P. Butler, A. Froese.
Arterial PaO2 and PaCO2 influence seizure duration in dogs receiving electroconvulsive therapy.
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N.I. Brown, P.F. Mack, D.M. Mitera, P. Dhar.
Use of the ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway in a pregnant patient with a difficult airway during electroconvulsive therapy.
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T.K. Chow.
Titration of electroconvulsive therapy: the use of rocuronium and sugammadex with adjunctive laryngeal mask.
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Benefits of the laryngeal mask for airway management during electroconvulsive therapy.
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Efficacy of preoxygenation with tidal volume breathing. Comparison of breathing systems.
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Please cite this article as: Buj-Alvarez I, Pifarré J, Marco G, de Sousa-Duso M, Martínez M, López-Gómez J. ¿Puede tener un papel la mascarilla laríngea en la práctica de la terapia electroconvulsiva? Un estudio piloto. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Barc.). 2016;9:203–209.
Screening for anxiety and depression in Primary Care: Utility of 2 brief scales adapted to the ICD-11-PC
Psychological impact of COVID-19 on a sample of Spanish health professionals
Calling for the integration of children's mental health and protection into COVID-19 responses
COVID-19 lockdown influence in the psychiatric emergencies: Drastic reduction and increase in severe mental disorders
Anaesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy. Special...
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2020;13:36-46
Clinical outcome after discontinuation of maintenance...
Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment. 2020;13:5-10
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text:
Revised Payment Services Directive
Legal Briefings – By Clive Cunningham, Nick Bradbury, and Patricia Horton
The Revised Payment Services Directive (the Directive)1 came into effect on 12 January 2016. The revised Directive updates the current EU framework on payment services by extending its scope to include previously unregulated payment service providers, and increasing transparency and security of payment services.
EU Member States have until 13 January 2018 to transpose the Directive into national laws. In the UK, HM Treasury is expected to consult in summer 2016 on the UK transposition of the Directive. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is currently seeking stakeholder views on the implementation of the Directive in the UK and has released a guidance paper.2
Key changes under the Directive
1. Introduction of two new types of payment services
Account Information Services (AIS) for online services which offer a consolidated snapshot of a user's multiple payment accounts where the data is amalgamated from across one or more payment service providers.
Payment Initiation Services (PIS) for entities which at the request of the user, initiate a payment transaction from an account held by the user at another payment service provider.
2. Exemptions
A number of exemptions that are available under the current Payment Services Directive have either been amended or deleted as the European Commission believes that their application has extended beyond the originally intended scope.
Businesses that fall within the 'Limited Network Exemption' or 'Digital Download Exemption' will need to be registered with their national competent authority (i.e. the FCA) under the Directive.
The conduct of business rules have been extended to include payment transactions in all currencies where at least one payment services provider is located within the European Economic Area.
Submissions to the FCA should be made via its website3 by 23 March 2016. If you are unsure of how these proposed changes will affect your organisation, or would like assistance making a submission, please contact Herbert Smith Freehills.
EUR-Lex: Access to European Union law.
Call for Input: the FCA's approach to the current payment services regime.
Clive Cunningham
Clive is a partner in our Financial Services Regulatory practice; and head of the advisory (non-contentious) team in London.
Clive.Cunningham@hsf.com


text:
(4823) Libenice (1986 TO3) – planetoida z pasa głównego asteroid okrążająca Słońce w ciągu 3,17 lat w średniej odległości 2,16 j.a. Odkryta 4 października 1986 roku.

Zobacz też
 lista planetoid 4001–5000
 lista planetoid

Linki zewnętrzne

Planetoidy pasa głównego
Nazwane planetoidy
Obiekty astronomiczne odkryte w 1986

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Music -- Lawnparties Preview: GRiZ
By Michael Zhang | May 1, 2014
doesn't have a Wikipedia page
GRiZ also isn't your typical EDM producer; he produces a unique blend of diverse sampling and smooth melodic lines with electro and dubstep-inspired beats, making up a genre he calls "electro-soul" or "future funk." His music ranges from tracks that sound like they're straight out a brostep album ("Blastaa") to songs fusing hip-hop, jazz, and soul ("Fall in Love Too Fast"). As an avid saxophone player, GRiZ has been known to break out the sax during shows to play along with his tracks, such as in his signature track, "Smash the Funk." Anyone who isn't familiar with GRiZ should check out his Soundcloud and website, where you can listen to and download his music (yes, he releases it all for free!). You'll find quite an extensive range of originals, remixes, and collaborations, all of which promise a fresh perspective countering the dulling mainstream electronic scene of today.
[youtube=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j2dTyrwubOc]
Whether you know him or not, GRiZ is not to be underestimated. Expect an experience reminiscent of an EDM festival, but with a whole new take on what it means to be a DJ. This is a Lawnparties act like none we've ever had, and it will surely be an unforgettable one.


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We'll cover the various types of auctions, explain the pros and cons and talk about the scams you may find. We'll teach you how to spot a damaged, totaled or flooded vehicle. You may ask yourself "should I try to buy a car at auction?" We'll help you answer that question. We'll cover online auctions like eBay Motors and the "old school" auctions like Manheim, Police Seizure and Salvage Auctions.
Some auctions offer to guarantee the engine, frame and body for 30 days for a fee. You should keep the saying "Buyer Beware" in your head at all times when you are at an auction. You can't take the car to be checked out by a mechanic and the vehicles are usually sold "As Is" with no warranty. All deals are final unless the title turns out to be fraudulent. Don't pay attention to any verbal promises, they don't mean anything. You don't want to be in a situation where it is word against theirs because they always win. Always assume the worst case at an auction.
Get a vehicle history report! You need to know the car's history. An AutoCheck Report is one of the most useful tools to use to protect yourself against fraud. Find out more in our complete Vehicle History Report chapter.
After you win a car at auction, get an extended warranty. Read our complete section on buying an extended warranty. We'll review high quality warranty providers like CARCHEX.
3. Don't think that Your Bid is the Price You Pay!
Many people don't realize that in addition to your winning bid, there is usually a buyer's premium. This premium ranges from a few hundred dollars up to 10% of the winning bid.
You must be extremely cautious when looking for cars at an auction. This venue is where you are most likely to encounter junked, flooded and rebuilt cars.
Make sure your contract clearly states whether the title indication light was red, green or yellow. If your purchase turns out to be a red light title problem later on, yet they indicated green, you got them by the neck now.
Get to the auction early to stock your prey! The earlier the better. Beat the crowds, avoid distractions and look for the cars you'll want. Make sure you have a Kelley Blue Book, NADA guide, or Edmunds book if you're going to a public auto auction. If you're going to a wholesale auto auction, bring a Black Book with you. If you have your Smart Phone, just surf to the car pricing web sites from the auction.
As you find the cars you like, open all doors, hood, trunk, and look for the VIN stickers, and make sure they all match. If they don't the car is either stolen, or was in a wreck, and fixed with parts from another car. Use your smart phone to run an AutoCheck report.
Make sure the contract states how many days before you get the title. If it takes longer, you can get your money back, because at this point it's breach of contract.
Don't forget you have to pay a buyer's premium on the car, which could bring your cost over market value.
Don't get caught up in the frenzy of a bidding war and spend too much for a car. Just walk away, no matter how much you want the car.


Today we're more and more fanatical about fitness than ever before with gym membership for adults AND kids on the rise. But there are a group of kids who don't want to stop at just being fit, they want to be the strongest too. In The World's Strongest Child and Me, Mark Dolan explores the disturbing world of strong kids and tries to uncover the real motivations of the parents who defy medical advice to train them up from a young age. Mark's search for the strongest child in the world takes him from a controversial 'kiddie powerlifting' contest in America, to an Olympic weightlifting boarding school established in the former Soviet Union, and to Ukraine's nightclubs where he discovers a family of girls trained up from birth to perform in a circus strong man act.