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Acid jazz (genre)
Musical subculture of the late 1980s and 90s. Acid jazz is largely a fusion of black American musical styles such as funk, soul and hip-hop combined with a visual aesthetic which borrows extensively from both British popular culture of the 1960s and black American street style of the 70s. Fundamentally a form of street style, it combined music, fashion and recreational drug use to create an 'attitude' that owed much to the beatniks of the 1960s (hence 'jazz') and a nostalgia for the 1960s and 70s, regarded as a time when musicianship was vital to good dance music as opposed to the more contemporary technological emphasis. The term covers a wide range of musical styles, from the electronic disco styling of bands such as Jamiroquai and Brand New Heavies to the Santana-inspired funk rock of Mother Earth and the Mendez Report. The common denominator is usually the influence of funk, drawing on syncopated rhythmic interplay between the instruments and the use of chromatic chord sequences used widely in post-bop jazz but rarely in mainstream pop or dance music....
Gunther Schuller
[Cubop]
A jazz style. It was created from a fusion of bop with traditional Cuban elements, that arose in the 1940s, primarily in the work of Dizzy Gillespie; it is distinguished from the more general Latin jazz by the specific influence of Cuban dance, folk and popular idioms. Although a Latin-American or Caribbean influence (Jelly Roll Morton called it the 'Latin tinge') is discernible in jazz from the late 19th century, the earliest use of Cuban elements is traceable only to Alberto Socarras and Mario Bauzá in the late 1930s. Afro-Cuban jazz became a clearly defined style and acquired an international following only when Gillespie, who had been influenced by Bauzá, began to collaborate with the outstanding Cuban percussionist Chano Pozo. For Gillespie, Bauzá, and others, the main impulse for the Afro-Cuban movements came from their feeling that American jazz of the 1930s and 1940s, being essentially monorhythmic, needed the kind of enrichment that an infusion of Afro-Cuban polyrhythms would provide....
Nancy P. Riley
The term "alternative country" refers to Country music of the late 20th century that existed outside of mainstream country (as represented by Nashville and contemporary country radio) and incorporated country music with aspects of punk, rock and roll, and roots influences. During the 1990s, alternative country identified with a punk rock do-it-yourself ethos and a connection to indie-rock fans and scenes, with live venues and independent record labels playing a crucial role in its emergence. Further, the term owes much to the success of underground rock bands like R.E.M. and Nirvana that became commercially successful, marketed as "alternative."
The mythologized origins of alternative country begins in 1990, when the Belleville, Illinois band Uncle Tupelo released their debut album, No Depression (Rockville Records, 1990), which featured a collection of punk-influence rock songs and ballads with a country influence, including the title track, an edgy cover of the Carter Family tune "No Depression in Heaven." The album led to a discussion folder on America Online, also named "No Depression," which in turn led to a bi-monthly magazine of the same name. Although Uncle Tupelo disbanded in ...
Will Fulford-Jones
A form of 20th-century club dance music. It became popular in the 'chill out' rooms of clubs in London during the late 1980s as music to relax to, away from the more fevered, heavily rhythmic music favoured in the main rooms. Its DJs included Dr Alex Paterson of the Orb and the KLF, who played a mix of wildlife samples, sound effects, hypnotherapy tapes and Pink Floyd. The KLF's 1989 album, Chill Out, took up this thread and was perhaps the first ambient house record. A seemingly random collection of samples (from the likes of Fleetwood Mac to Acker Bilk), it is best described as a 1980s pop culture version of musique concrète. Like much club dance music, ambient house music is largely electronic, but differs from other styles in that much of it is not intended for dancing: many of its records are arhythmic, and those that feature a rhythm track do so sparingly. It also often lacks a diatonic centre and features perpetual atonality and prolonged washes of chords played on a synthesizer. Other features include samples of wildlife and birdsong. The term 'ambient' was eventually applied, unconvincingly, to many other forms of dance music, such as dub and drum 'n' bass. (For ambient music, ...
Daniel Party
Spanish-language variant of the international pop music ballad. A hybrid of Mexican bolero, Italian and French orchestrated love songs, and early rock and roll ballads, balada emerged simultaneously in Spain and throughout the Americas in the late 1960s. Lyrics are invariably about love and purposely lack references to socio-political issues or local events to maximize potential target audiences. Most often performed by a solo singer, early balada moves at a slow to moderate tempo, and the musical accompaniment, by either a rock ensemble or a studio orchestra, is secondary to the voice. Early baladistas include Mexicans Carlos Lico and Armando Manzanero, Cuban American La Lupe, Spaniards Raphael and Julio Iglesias, Brazilian Roberto Carlos, Argentines Leonardo Favio and Sandro, and Chilean band Los Ángeles Negros.
During the 1970s, the genre's golden age, balada featured sophisticated orchestral arrangements and lavish studio production, a trend developed in Spain by producer Rafael Trabucchelli and arranger Waldo de los Ríos. In the 1980s, Miami became the most important balada production center, as the city grew into the main hub for United States marketing and distribution in Latin America. The Miami-based balada industry served as a gateway for Latin American artists hoping to extend their popularity beyond their country of origin to the rest of Latin America and the United States. Balada albums produced in Miami are not limited to slow romantic ballads, but also include up-tempo, dance-oriented songs. During its golden age, the majority of balada singers were males, who targeted a mostly female audience by appearing sensitive and vulnerable. Baladas were regularly featured in Latin American soap opera soundtracks, and many baladistas, such as José Luis Rodríguez, Chayanne, and Daniela Romo, starred in soap operas....
Helena Simonett
[Banda Sinaloense]
Banda (band) is a generic Spanish term for a variety of ensembles consisting of brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments found throughout Latin America. Introduced in the mid-1800s, brass bands were a fixture of Mexico's musical life in the late 19th century and flourished in both rural and urban areas. With the revolutionary movement (1910–20) bandas populares (popular bands) developed pronounced regional characteristics, and the lineup in regional bands became increasingly more standardized.
Among the many regional bands, banda sinaloense (Sinaloan banda) stands out, as this type gained a reputation in the international popular music market at the close of the twentieth century. The ensemble dates back to the military bands of European colonists and to the brass music of German immigrants to Mexico's northern Pacific coast in the mid-19th century. After its consolidation in the early 20th century, band membership in Sinaloa averaged from nine to 12 musicians playing clarinets, cornets or trumpets, trombones with valves, saxhorns, tubas, snare drums (...
Originally a rural meeting for dancing held in a barn or similar large building. From the 1920s the term was used to designate variety radio programs of rural, folk-like entertainment, although artists frequently performed a wide range of musics from old-time fiddling and ballads to contemporary popular songs and blues. The first program so described was broadcast on the radio station WBAP in Fort Worth, Texas, in 1923, although many Southern radio stations had presented similar programs the previous year. The most important of the broadcast barn dances were the WLS Barn Dance (later National Barn Dance, Chicago, 1924–70) and the WSM Barn Dance (Nashville, from 1925), which as the Grand Ole Opry became the longest-running radio program in the United States; both were started by George D. Hay. Other programs included the Renfro Valley Barn Dance (WLW, Cincinnati, from 1937), the Tennessee Barn Dance (WNOX, Knoxville, TN, from ...
Paul Oliver
A style of piano playing that originated among black American blues musicians in the early 20th century. It was first practised in the makeshift saloons of lumber camps in the South and is related to Boogie-woogie, which it may have preceded as a blues piano style (see Blues, §4). Barrelhouse was played in regular 4/4 metre, whereas boogie developed as fast music largely of eight beats to the bar. Ragtime bass figures or the heavy left-hand vamp known as 'stomping' were often employed with occasional walking bass variations. Characteristic early recordings are Barrel House Man (1927, Para.) by the Texas pianist Will Ezell, The Dirty Dozen by Speckled Red (Rufus Perryman) (1929, Bruns.) and Soon This Morning by Charlie Spand (1929, Para.); Perryman and Spand worked in Detroit after leaving the South. Diggin' My Potatoes (1939, Bb), by Washboard Sam with Joshua Altheimer on piano, and ...
Beat Music
Allan F. Moore
A style of British pop music developed in the early 1960s; it was significant as the first time musicians of that country had created their own sound, rather than imitating the US originals. In Liverpool, Merseybeat was spearheaded by the Beatles, whose early style grafted onto a skiffle base the instrumental and vocal textures, melodic structures, syncopated rhythms and responsorial vocal styles of early rock and roll, the modality and verse–refrain form of Anglo-Celtic folk song, and some ornamental chromaticisms and triadic parallelisms from late 19th-century European harmony. Other leading exponents included Gerry and the Pacemakers and the Searchers. The Beatles' insistence on writing their own material was a novel redivision of labour which has had lasting consequences. In London an alternative approach was dominated by the Rolling Stones, the Kinks and the Who, in which a narrower amalgam was found, with the skiffle and rock and roll foundation partly replaced by a harder-edged rhythm and blues sound, in a selfconscious attempt at authenticity. In the USA the term 'British invasion' is preferred to 'beat', calling attention to the flood of such bands as these into the US market during the period ...
The Benny Goodman Quartet 1937
The Benny Goodman Quartet: Lionel Hampton, vibraphone; Teddy Wilson, piano; Benny Goodman, clarinet; and Gene Krupa, drums; in Busby Berkeley's 1937 film, Hollywood Hotel.
(MaxJazz/Lebrecht Music & Arts)
A style of popular music that flourished during the 1960s. It originated in and is particularly associated with Britain, and depends on the electric guitar with its blues-pentatonic scale patterns and propensity for sudden shifts of movement between anguished held, bent notes and sudden runs. It attempted to counter the banality of the hit-parade material and of rock and roll (which by the early 1960s had lost its power to surprise) by retrieving what was felt to be emotionally more 'authentic' blues material. It was thus originally an underground movement originating in the London blues revival, itself an outgrowth of the trad jazz movement headed by Chris Barber. The blues revival was centred on clubs booked by Alexis Korner and Cyril Davies, namely Wardour Street's Roundhouse (from 1955) and West London's Ealing Club (from 1962). By the early 1960s other clubs were popular: the Scene and the Flamingo in Central London and the Crawdaddy in Richmond....
Kenneth Kleszynski
An American style of hip-hop music associated with New Orleans, Louisiana. Bounce is oriented toward dancing, with performers calling out dance steps or prompting replies from the audience. Musical characteristics include call-and-response based upon repeated hooks, chants (influenced largely by Mardi Gras Indians), and brass-band music (regularly used for samples). Bounce features highly syncopated grooves often based on the "Triggerman beat," which is sampled from sources such as "Drag Rap" by the Showboys, "Brown Beat" by Cameron Paul, and "Rock the Beat" by Derek B. Much. Bounce is tied to specific New Orleans neighborhoods, its most common performance venues being clubs and large, outdoor, working-class parties. Lyrics often refer to these neighborhoods as well as cultural practices and explicitly sexual topics.
The term "bounce" appeared as early as 1968 on the Imperial album Urban Blues: New Orleans Bounce, referencing the city's long association with dance music. The term's usage in hip hop, however, can be traced to ...
A term first used in the British music press around 1992 to describe the indigenous talent emerging in the wake of the commercial success of American grunge and 'slacker' youth culture. These groups, such as Suede and Elastica, performed playful, indie-inspired guitar-based pop. By 1995 intense media rivalry existed between Manchester's Oasis and London's Blur, as the two groups briefly brought back a sense of competition not seen in pop since the days of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Indeed, nostalgia was a key element of the Britpop boom, as rock artists reasserted 'songwriterly' values and traditional rock instrumentation in the aftermath of the hegemonic influence of acid house in the late 1980s. Significantly Britpop was used almost exclusively to describe white English musicians who played guitar-based, 1960s-influenced pop: Oasis were dubbed Britpop, but the black trip hop artist Tricky was not, despite his mainstream success. By 1996 new and more derivative groups such as Kula Shaker, The Verve and Ocean Colour Scene played what their detractors dubbed 'Dad-rock', a less threatening and more complex homage to 1960s and 70s icons such as Traffic and Paul Weller, which demonstrated that the initial energy of the Britpop scene was dying out. By the late 1990s the quintessential Britpop group Blur had taken to recording grunge-inspired music which resembled the sort of American music Britpop had once united against. Significantly none of the Britpop groups really broke into the lucrative American market....
Cantopop/Mandopop (USA)
Meredith Oyen
Cantopop, Cantonese-language popular music, and Mandopop, Mandarin-language popular music, are the products of encounters and exchanges between Chinese, Japanese, and American music traditions. Both can be heard in Chinese communities and businesses in the United States today.
Mandopop dates back to the 1920s in the dance halls of jazz-age Shanghai. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the industry moved to Hong Kong, but by the 1960s, the growth of the Mandarin language movement in Taiwan helped Taipei become the new capital of Mandopop. The American military presence in Taiwan in the 1950s and 60s introduced new genres of American popular music to local artists, including rock and R&B.
While Mandopop moved to Taipei, Cantopop emerged in Hong Kong in the 1970s as a localized response to popular American, Japanese, and Mandarin-language music. As the date for the British handover of the colony to China neared, increasing numbers of Hong Kong residents immigrated to Canada and the United States, bringing along their musical practices and tastes. The growth of the Hong Kong film industry and the internationalization of its audience also contributed to the spread of both Mandopop and Cantopop to North America and around the world....
M. Montgomery Wolf
[CBGB; Country, Bluegrass, Blues and Other Music for Uplifting Gormandizers]
Nightclub founded by Hilly Kristal in New York in December 1973. It was located below the Palace Hotel, a flophouse on the Bowery in a rough and rundown section of the city. Following his own tastes, Kristal intended to host mostly acoustic Americana, but a few months later, the guitarist Tom Verlaine convinced Kristal to let his band Television play there. The club became a rare site of original rock in an era favoring either folk clubs or arena rock. It also became the physical center for the New York punk scene, which was emerging at the time, allowing Patti Smith, Blondie, the Ramones, and Talking Heads, among others, to hone their craft. Despite its dark, dirty interior, famously squalid bathrooms, and dangerous neighborhood, musicians loved CBGB for its fabulous sound system. By 1975 it had demonstrated the viability of original rock, and Max's Kansas City, another club in New York, began booking local, unsigned acts. Max's and CBGB remained the principal venues in New York for punk rock through ...
charleston rhythmic motive
Jazz Ex.2 characteristic rhythmic motive of the charleston
Charlie Parker 1949
Corp author Jazzsign
Charlie Parker, 1949.
(JazzSign/Lebrecht Music & Arts)
Chicago jazz
J. Bradford Robinson
A sub-species of New Orleans jazz developed by young white musicians in the Chicago area during the mid-1920s. A number of these musicians were associated with the so-called Austin High School Gang (Jimmy McPartland, Dave Tough, Frank Teschemacher, Joe Sullivan and Bud Freeman); others, notably Benny Goodman, Gene Krupa and Muggsy Spanier, were native to Chicago, while still others, such as Eddie Condon, PeeWee Russell and Red McKenzie, moved to Chicago early in their careers. Although only intermittently active in Chicago, Bix Beiderbecke and Frankie Trumbauer are also sometimes associated with this school. At first the Chicagoans merely copied the New Orleans style of King Oliver and the New Orleans Rhythm Kings, but brought to it in some cases a superior instrumental technique (Goodman) and a more hectic and extrovert rhythmic basis (Krupa), together with a greater emphasis on solo playing. In general, however, they varied the basic features of New Orleans jazz rather than developing an independent style. With the suppression of Chicago's speakeasy culture in the late 1920s most of these musicians moved to New York, where several of them became important figures in the swing style of the 1930s. (W.H. Kenney: ...
Jazz Ex.1c cinquillo
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Kayleigh M from St Benedicts (S1) provides this week's 'AOTW'. She created a coloured study of a woodlice in a single period. Her drawing was then selected in photoshop and placed on a Google Images found photo of soil. I added some shadowing to the insects to make them appear more realistic and be part of the scene.
The idea for this had been inspired by Tricia Fuglestad's Germs unit.
Daniel (S4) from St Benedicts is always on the go, he doesn't like to be too still or too bored for any amount of time. Like myself, he doesn't have much patience for sitting drawing analytical observational drawings. Pastel is the perfect medium for this type of artist. Pastels are fast and frantic, they can cover large amounts of area in such a short amount of time, they're a messy, dusty material and can be fairly easy to control when you have the few simple techniques at your grasp.
Daniel quickly drew out his guidelines in pencil, then darkened them with a piece of vine charcoal. He then threw himself into the background, trying to capture the corrugated iron with simple strokes and smudging.
I really like the white highlights on the hooks in this chalk and charcoal sketch, they make the hooks look heavy and sturdy. The fine linked chains look like they'll break with the weight of them.
The self proclaimed 'Artist Extraordinaire' and quite rightly too, Mrs Brooks is a Virginian Elementary school teacher who moderates the blog Wonder Brooks. Her writing style is friendly and involving and I couldn't help but browse through most of her blog, each post seemed to invite me in to read it. There's a great range of diversity with some lovely unit examples from pupils including those you see posted. Check it out and maybe even bookmark her, you'll want to keep going back.
Currently working with the Primary Teaching Students, they have chosen their animation ideas and are now developing those ideas into something concrete. Ms Beattie is working on the idea of a growing tree that gets destroyed through harmful human acts. The tree is a symbol for world harmony. Ms Beattie's ideas were great, though may be too large to complete in the short time that she has. I took a little time out to animate an example of how I would tackle her animation to let her and others see that ideas can be laid down quickly and effectively. Stop animation does not necessarily have to take a long time for it to be attractive and successful.
Most family films (especially animations) are released in 3D now. 3D seems to have re-appeared after a slow demise in the eighties and early nineties. Sure, the technology is slightly more advanced and the picture is slightly sharper, but the idea is still the same. Take two photographs, one from the right eye, one from the left, make them red and blue, merge them over each other at a converging point and there you go; a 3D image.
Channel 4 is running a week of 3D programming, this means that most people in the UK should have a pair of 3D glasses in their home at the minute. I thought that this would be the perfect time to try some 3D images of art pieces in The Art Classroom.
The images might not be as successful as professional ones you usually encounter, though hopefully you'll get something rewarding from each image. Photographs are taken with an iPhone, then opened in Photoshop to make black and white and merge together.


Spinning an airplane is an essential part of aerobatics. It can be fun but has it's limits.
Suderman, who is scheduled to perform in this weekend's air show, attempted to break the world record for inverted flat spins in one attempt Thursday. The record is 78 spins, he said.
Unfortunately, total rotations were 64. There's always next time., provided he avoids the low altitude record.
I was pretty nervous during my first spin. It's what you're never, ever supposed to do in private pilot flight training. It was eliminated from the syllabus after the manuever eliminated some pilots. Today, pilots are taught spin avoidance and stall recovery.
Too bad. It's fun and also a valuable skill.
Inverted flat spins. Not so much.
But the trend IS toward wussification. Even when I was in, the old F-101 Voodoo was a notoriously difficult ac to recover from, so much so that a stick-shaker was put in and the USAF SOP was to avoid stall/spins at ALL COSTS. The more no-nonsense ballsy Canucks, by contrast (who also flew the CF-101) made spin recovery part of their STANDARD check-out procedures for FNGs in the 101. LOL!
Yup. All civilian training is done without spins (except a certified instructor IIRC). Military is de rigueur. Too bad since I think it builds a great deal of confidence. Recovery for piston A/C in order: 1) Reduce power-otherwise you aggravate and flatten the spin 2) Neutralize ailerons (same as military) 3) Rudder opposite the spin (If you screw this one up you'll know right away! 4) Pitch elevator down to break the stall. Then power up. The challenge is to stop the spin precisely at the end of the specified turn. (i.e. four complete revolutions facing the exact compass heading you entered the spin.
I just can't imagine doing it 50 or 60 times.


text:
Czech Mycology 70(1): 1–32 Article published online: 26th January, 2018 doi: 10.33585/cmy.70101
Diversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi in mud from hypersaline and freshwater bodies in Egypt.
The diversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi in muds from hypersaline alkaline lakes of Wadi ElNatrun and fresh water of the Nile River and Ibrahimia Canal was evaluated. The mean pH of saline water mud was 9.21, but fresh water mud registered 8.07. A total of 193 species (two varieties were distinguished in two of them) belonging to 67 genera were recovered from both muds investigated on DRBC (55 genera, 164 species), DG18 (36 genera, 117 species) and MY50G (23 genera, 76 species) media. From these, 17 species assigned to 12 genera were yeasts and 176 species and 2 varieties assigned to 55 genera were filamentous fungi. The highest numbers of fungal propagules were recovered on DRBC from freshwater mud, while the lowest on MY50G from saline water mud. Yeasts constituted a small proportion of all propagules from the two mud types on all three media, whereas filamentous fungi were the major component. However, freshwater mud samples yielded higher numbers of yeast genera and species using all three media. Candida was common in freshwater mud and rare in saline water mud, while Meyerozyma and Rhodotorula were infrequent in both muds. The remaining yeast species were recovered from freshwater mud only. Aspergillus (46 species) was the most common genus of filamentous fungi encountered in all samples, ranging in frequency from 39.82% to 96.62%; A. terreus, A. flavipes and A. niger dominated in both types of mud. Cladosporium (9 species), Fusarium (8 species), Penicillium (18 species) and Scopulariopsis (7 species) were encountered in both types of mud. Notably, 47 filamentous species were isolated only on the media with lower water activity (DG18, MY50G).
Keywords: fungal diversity, alkalinity, Wadi El-Natrun, lakes, Ibrahimia Canal, River Nile, molecular characterisation, ITS
Article history: received 3 September 2017, revised 21 November 2017, accepted 20 December 2017, published online 26 January 2018
Moubasher A. H., Abdel-Sater M. A., Soliman Z. S. M. (2018): Diversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi in mud from hypersaline and freshwater bodies in Egypt. – Czech Mycology 70(1): 1–32.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I am 44 years old. I live in St Vincent and the Grenadines, West Indies with my wife Cindy and three children – Clinton 18, Melissa 16 and Shannon 15.
I was born and brought up in the town of Ipswich Suffolk, UK in December 1969. My father emigrated from Jamaica in 1956 and my mother emigrated from Barbados in 1960 to England for work and to further their studies, where they met, married and settled.
I attended several public schools – primary, middle and high, from 1974-1986.
In 1986, I left school at the age of 16 and immediately took full-time employment at a large established family-owned bakery in Ipswich – no connection to our family. The next three years (1986-1989) I completed a City and Guilds course of flour, yeast and confectionary products. I am no longer a baker but the experience has stood me in good stead to assist with general family life and entertaining. If you want to find me….check the kitchen!
Having moved from England in July 2002, I am currently employed by my father-in-law in St Vincent, manufacturing kitchen and bathroom countertops, supplying tiles, office furniture and a range of items connected to this industry. We serve the local market and regional islands with our products, which involves interaction with the local and wider community bringing challenges of "Vincy" dialect versus English! After 12 years we're getting to understand each other.
In St Vincent, there is no option……..we have to!
On our little – "Gem of the Grenadines" – we usually fly mainly to Barbados or Trinidad to get connecting international flights. This has taken us to many different Caribbean islands as well as USA, Europe and Australia. The islands dotted around the West Indies differ in terrain, size and culture, making each place unique and precious.
My wife and I recently travelled to Baltimore, USA via Miami to visit family and friends, which including some site-seeing ventures from Washington capital to Amish country in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Amish country reminded me of the county of Suffolk where I was brought up in a farming community surrounded by fields, crops and animal smells. Of course the distances and travel times in the States vary tremendously from living on a small island…..but we loved it!
On our return journey home from Chicago there were delays due to bad weather thus causing us to miss our connection in Miami to Barbados. This meant us overnighting in Miami giving us the opportunity to see around a bit until our rescheduled flight the following morning. It was impressive to be in a first world country with the same climate but different culture.
The Rapid Relief Team – RRT in St Vincent was galvanized into action! On Christmas Eve 2013, the rains came down! This unexpected tropical system caught many unawares and pounded the island for 5 hours. We do live in a hilly country but water finds its own level. Our current airport on one of the few flat low-lying areas was put out of action and also the hospital was affected with serious flooding. A few phone calls later, we joined other community RRT members with the mammoth task of wading through mud to begin the clean-up operation at the airport along with the fire crew and airport officials.
We worked throughout the night, sweeping, scooping, shoveling and mopping……into Christmas Day, and finally got to bed around 4am. The following hours the same day our efforts were directed to our local Milton Cato Hospital where flood waters, mud and debris rendered many wards out of bounds on the lower levels of the building. We all pitched into the "Operation Clean up" from primary kids to pensioners.
Officials and staff said that previous floods had been bad but this was the worst they had experienced with the tide mark of mud up to 24" (600mm) in some places. The next task on the agenda was to deliver bulk and bottled drinking water to the Leeward and Windward storm-damaged areas of the island. This became an eye opener as many families and persons had been displaced, some tragically losing loved ones, entire homes and property swept away from severe landslides and irreparable damage to water supply lines. Our trucks were kitted out with 600 gallon water tanks, water pumps and generators. We filled up our tanks from designated water hydrant locations and distributed it to residents in need via a "bucket brigade" and to government institutions including several trips to the prison. The prison delivery was one of the most rewarding experiences…..inmates were orderly, well-mannered and helpful, although the haunting scenes of humanity in desperation….we'll never forget.
I love life in the PBCC and enjoy making others happy. I was born into a brethren household with parents who loved and cared for me throughout their lives. My schooling and early work life were among non-brethren with different views to our faith but through choice I've never felt inclined to give up being a member, with the benefits of care and protection which I still enjoy with my own family today.
Initially being raised in England, I grew up among brethren members. I also formed acquaintances with persons who my parents knew in other regions including their own native Caribbean countries. As life moved on apace and I got married, my knowledge of different community members widened as I was introduced to my wife's pen-pals and lifelong friends, the people and destinations seem endless!
We have happy times in our community especially at weekends where we visit or entertain each other in our homes. I love to see our kids interacting with those whom we all trust, whether at home or abroad.
Life is not without its challenges – no-one is exempt. There are still goals to be achieved along a path that is not always predictable, but I have a lot to be thankful for in this Christian journey.


text:
La rivière Tenniöjoki (en ) est un cours d'eau  de Laponie finlandaise et du raïon de Kandalakcha en Russie.

Description
La rivière a 126 kilomètres de long dont 62 kilomètres en Finlande.

La rivière commence son parcours dans une zone marécageuse des pentes de la montagne Minkeliminturi dans l'oblast de Mourmansk en Russie et elle termine son parcours en Laponie finlandaise.
Elle est un affluent du fleuve Kemijoki et a pour affluent la rivière Kuolajoki.

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Liste des cours d'eau de Finlande

Liens externes

Références

Cours d'eau en Finlande
Savukoski
Salla
Kuusamo
Raïon de Kandalakcha
Frontière entre la Finlande et la Russie

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Brave New WorldsStar Wars: The Rise of SkywalkerShareSubscribe
'Star Wars: Rise of Skywalker' Leak Could Explain Palpatine's Epic Return
By Corey Plante
Filed Under Entertainment, Kylo Ren, Reddit, Spoilers, Star Wars & Star Wars: Episode IX
The Emperor died in Return of the Jedi, or did he? One new Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker leak that may or may not be true has an exciting explanation for how and why Emperor Palpatine returns to the saga after dying 30 years ago aboard the second Death Star. And it has direct ties to a rumor about Matt Smith's role in the movie.
Huge spoilers potentially follow for The Rise of Skywalker.
Earlier this week, the Star Wars Theory YouTube channel discussed a new leak for Rise of Skywalker that came from The Cosmic Wonder, whose source supposedly works for a company that does surveys for blockbusters. (The same source provided Avengers: Endgame details that turned out to be true, lending slight credibility.) Then, this new leak hit Reddit Wednesday.
The crux of it is this: Emperor Palpatine comes back when he possesses a Knight of Ren. We've previously discussed similar rumors that only make this seem that much more likely — unless this "leaker" is just regurgitating old rumors.
"When the Force spirit of Emperor Palpatine soon re-emerges from the shadows, where he has been pulling strings all along, he inhabits the willing body of a young Dark Acolyte of Kylo Ren's," the leak reads. "[Kylo Ren and Rey] will find themselves forced to team up together in an effort to eliminate the growing influence of the Emperor once and for all."
The final battle then happens on the jungle moon of Yavin, the location of the original A New Hope Rebel base, and where the ruins of the first Death Star remain, the leak concludes.
All of this might sound ridiculous, but it fits with what we know of Force ghosts in the Star Wars canon and some visual hints we've seen in comics and video games.
Palpatine recorded his visage into various droids so he could make orders after his death and destabilize the Empire and the Republic.
After he died, Palpatine sent numerous droids out across the galaxy to give his final orders for what he called "Operation: Cinder," a method of destabilizing the Empire and the Republic after his death so that no person would ever have the amount of power he did. These red-cloaked, humanoid figures resembled the Red Guard but used a projection of Palpatine's face on their own heads. Possessing a Knight of Ren is a different thing entirely, but the visual of Palpatine existing after death by forcing his identity onto another being is Star Wars canon.
But can Force ghosts really possess people? Yes and no.
In Star Wars: The Clone Wars, we learn that only Light side Force-wielders can manifest a Force ghost after death. In Star Wars Rebels and some comics, a select few Sith Lords can bind their consciousness to objects. Being one of the most powerful Dark side users ever, Palpatine probably had/has Force powers that we haven't even thought of. Just look at how an out-of-practice, elderly Luke Skywalker was able to manifest a projection of himself across the galaxy, shocking everyone.
However, in Star Wars Rebels, the Nightsisters of Dathomir can use "magick" related to the Dark side to possess people. In the non-canon Legends novels, the ancient Sith Lord Exar Kun possesses some of Luke's students.
Palpatine subsisting in non-corporeal form, just like Voldemort in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone waiting to possess somebody, could work, especially after Force ghost Yoda was shown in The Last Jedi calling down Force lightning. Finally bringing the Knights of Ren into the fold delivers the perfect vessel for Palpatine. All of this would culminate in Palpatine facing off against Kylo Ren and Rey when they unite to fight their mutual enemy.
In life, Palpatine wielded two red-blade lightsabers, a spectacle that would make him perfectly suited to fighting two people at once.
Which version of Palpatine might we see in 'Episode IX', or will we only hear his voice?
The first teaser trailer showed a glimpse of Rey looking at Death Star wreckage in the ocean. One Episode IX photo shows Kylo Ren and Rey dueling on top of what looks like that same wreckage, but given how many times Disney faked us all out with edited scenes and photos from Avengers: Endgame, maybe they're actually fighting together against Palpatine in that scene?
This theory gains a bit more credence when we consider all the mystery behind Matt Smith's rumored role in Rise of Skywalker.
Variety reported Smith's casting in August 2018, but by March 2019, Lucasfilm claimed he wasn't in the movie. Reports indicating that Smith was in the movie persisted, claiming he would play a Dark side Force-wielder not in the Knights of Ren who becomes willingly possessed by Palpatine. Inverse also has an independent anonymous source who claims Kylo Ren will face the Emperor in some capacity during Episode IX, so it seems like someone is getting possessed here.
Is it Matt Smith's character? Is that character a post-Sith Dark side Force-wielder? Or are they just a Knight of Ren? Either way, we won't know how close to the truth this theory is until much closer to The Rise of Skywalker's release.
Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker will be out in theaters December 20, 2019.
Media via Lucasfilm
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Apartment 300 meters from the sea, 100 meters from the train station, 50 meters from the supermarket and 100 meters from the village center. Located on the second floor (elevator), consisting of a large double bedroom, a twin bedroom, large living room with sofa bed, kitchen, bathroom with tub / shower. Two terraces, one with a table and chairs.
Owner available for any needs and information.
The price does not include the tourist tax (established in the amount of € 1.00 per person greater than 14 years, for a maximum of three nights) to be paid directly upon arrival.


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You aren't supposed to like Rob. He's judgmental, selfish, lazy, and has an odd obsession with top-five lists. When his live-in girlfriend of three years leaves him for another man, all he feels is relief and a sense of well-being. The employees at his record store don't respect him and his parents aren't concerned with his happiness because the majority of his disappointments in life are a direct result of his complete lack of motivation.
No, you aren't supposed to like Rob, but you can't help it. You can identify with his struggles of finding the balance between happiness and success, his difficulties saying what he really thinks, and his patronizing family.
You can't help but like Rob because as flawed an individual as he is, he is fully aware of his shortcomings and is doing his best to become a better person.
Of course, that's going to take quite a bit of effort on his part.
Thanks Sierra for sharing your lovely words with us! If you want to check out more of Sierra's writing, make sure to check out her blog.


text:
McCain tours Iowa with new campaign theme
Senator John McCain's famous "Straight Talk Express" was gone, replaced by a bus emblazoned with a sign that read "No Surrender."
Sept. 13, 2007, 7:33 AM UTC / Source: The New York Times
By By Michael Cooper
Mr. McCain and a group of veterans — including former prisoners of war who were held with him in Vietnam, and newly minted Iraq veterans — piled into the bus and drove across Iowa, stopping in V.F.W. posts and American Legion halls to argue that the current strategy in Iraq is working, and that Democrats and wavering Republicans who want to withdraw the troops now are making a terrible mistake.
"If we leave, there will be chaos and genocide in the region, and we will be back," Mr. McCain said Wednesday at V.F.W. Post 737 in Council Bluffs, vowing to lead the debate on the Senate floor for keeping the troops in Iraq and warning that Iran would step into the void if the United States pulls out. The veterans in the packed hall, who wore blue "No Surrender" stickers, cheered.
Of course, the phrase "No Surrender," could be applied to the McCain campaign as well. It was practically written off over the summer when it nearly ran out of money, forcing it to reduce its staff sharply and scale back its operations in all but three states, Iowa, New Hampshire and South Carolina. In a trip here just last month, Mr. McCain was asked by local reporters at nearly every stop of the way if he was dropping out of the race for the Republican presidential nomination.
No one asked if he was dropping out this week. And the McCain campaign, buoyed by good reviews Mr. McCain received last week at a debate in New Hampshire and by the prospect of his taking on a high-profile role in the Senate debate over Iraq, is very much hoping that it is beginning a comeback.
"All we need is a little money, my friends," Mr. McCain said in a brief conference call with fund-raisers that he made from the bus between stops.
He argued that his good reviews in the debate and the fact that voters were now beginning to tune in to the election had led to "the first significant bump in the polls."
But any momentum could drain away in mid-October if the campaign fails to show a robust bank balance when the next fund-raising figures are announced. And so far Mr. McCain has spent much of the month not raising money but discussing Iraq in the Senate and on trips like this one, trips that will continue in New Hampshire and South Carolina.
"The bad news is that all of this is obviously taking away from fund-raising time," Mr. McCain told the fund-raisers on their call. "We've got to show a pretty good quarter."
On the road, the campaign is drawing enthusiastic crowds. The tour began Tuesday in Sioux City in a hangar at Col. Bud Day Field, where Mr. McCain was introduced by Mr. Day, a Medal of Honor winner who nursed Mr. McCain back to health when they were both held prisoner in North Vietnam.
Mr. McCain remarked on the imposing statue of Mr. Day that stands outside the airport. "I think the statue is kind of, a little bit too flattering," he told the crowd. "I almost didn't recognize him."
In Des Moines, Mr. Day introduced Mr. McCain as "my fellow jailbird from Hanoi." He also served as a kind of character witness, reminding the crowds that Mr. McCain was offered an early release by the North Vietnamese but refused to go until everyone who had been shot down before him, or was sicker than he, was released.
At each stop, Mr. McCain brought out a mounted copy of a full-page advertisement that MoveOn.org, a liberal group, took out this week in The New York Times, which questioned Gen. David H. Petraeus, the commander in Iraq, asking if he was really "General Betray Us." "It's disgraceful," said an angry-sounding Mr. McCain, who called on all the Democratic presidential candidates to denounce the advertisement as well.
And in Des Moines, he took issue with Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton's remark that General Petraeus's progress report required "a willing suspension of disbelief."
"It's a willing suspension of disbelief that Senator Clinton thinks she knows more than General Petraeus," Mr. McCain told the crowd, to applause.
After extolling the virtues of running a "lean and mean" underdog's campaign, Mr. McCain then had some praise for Mrs. Clinton — or at least her campaign.
"I'd love to be in Hillary Clinton's position," he said. "She's conducted a very good campaign, and she's continued to increase her lead."
"Although I don't know if I could take an $850,000 hit," he added with a laugh, referring to the Clinton campaign's decision to return $850,000 that was raised by Norman Hsu, a fund-raiser with legal troubles. "We might have to shut the doors."
By Michael Cooper


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Haha cheers, but we shouldn't get too carried away!
Here's first look at new icon picker with "spell icon packs" in below tweet. Only the VMBlast test pack is currently available, but supports any number of icon packs with any number of icons each. Classic icons are always available (but can still be replaced using normal asset injection), and will eventually add a "suggested" icons category based on metadata-effect matching (still in progress).
That probably sounds like a lot to unpack, but I'm trying to make it as simple as possible to add new icon packs. I'll outline the whole process once the feature is done.
This is really great and awesome feature. Cant wait to see it ingame!
What about effect/other icons not directly related to spells. Will these also be amenable for replacement?
@VM: with your wonderful work this will be BLAST !
Most other textures are already replaceable using loose texture injection or dfmod assets. This feature is for the magic icons you select in Spellmaker and Spellbook, and see on HUD as active buff/debuff icons. Rather than just replacing these icons as before, you'll be able to run multiple spell icon packs together with any number of icons each.
@Interkarma: Thanks for the info. This will be really useful!
What about icons for effects and used/worn magic items? I thought that's what Jukic was asking about.
Equipped/used magic items don't have a UI means of changing their spell icon. The second stage of this change (suggested icons) will address this. I'm working through this now, but also trying not to get too distracted. My main priority is still building out effect payloads.
Thank you Alyndiar. I'll definitely keep chipping away at the feature over next couple of releases, and at least next builds will have the new icon picker to start with.


text:
The origin of board games goes back to ancient times. The earliest pieces of a board game were found in southeast Turkey and are believed to date…
Is it Better to Play Cards in Person or Online?
Whether you play cards in a casino or on the computer, the game is still the same. Players bet, bluff, deliver and receive bad bets in both….
Every weekend in many different countries around the world, grown men and women put on elaborate costumes, adopt different identities, and meet to enact fantasy scenes set…
Two Biggest European iGaming Events
If online gaming is your life, apart from casino-promo-code.co.uk online, London is where you should be at the beginning of February 2019, because two of the most important…
You want to become the best among the best in the virtual world. The bad news is it's not all up to you – your gear might…
Top Three Sports Games
All sports fans enjoy playing games featuring their favorite sports. The most popular sports in the world are football and basketball, so it is no surprise that…
Four Amazing Ideas for a Gaming Convention Costume
If you want to wear a costume inspired by video games, but are not quite sure which one to choose, we got you covered. To make it…
Top Live Casino Games and How to Play Them
Live casino is more and more becoming the preferred gaming platform for many players because they can now play their favourite games from the comfort of their…
Most Popular RPG Events in the UK
Role-playing games are taking the world by storm. That is why there are plenty of events for RPG fans in the UK throughout the year when they…
Receiving Recognition in the World of eSports
Not even a decade ago, playing video games was considered a pure waste of time by many. Despite the quality of entertainment and the fact that, for…


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Exploring age-old questions about the healing power of love, the interconnectedness of all life, and the presence of God, authors Allen and Linda Anderson offer extraordinary true stories about animals that answer and affirm beliefs. Each story illuminates a dark corner of doubt or opens your heart to new revelations of the divine.
Health and fitness expert Richard Simmons tells the story, "Spotted Angels," about the Dalmatians who enriched his mother's last days.
A retired teacher remembers the hamster who brought inner city school children on a journey from hate to love.
A mother reveals how a special ferret helped her autistic son to become the hero of his Little League baseball team.
Empathic cows in a field surround a grieving woman and shed tears with her.
A man in a coma gets a visit from his best canine friend and the dog?s kisses bring him back to consciousness.
A moose delivers the message to a minister that animals go to heaven.
A dog's persistent attendance at church services enlivens an entire congregation.
This book celebrates the spiritual bond between people and animals. Dogs, cats, horses, ferrets, rats, birds, snakes, llamas - reveal love and compassion, teach hope and forgiveness, or serve as mirrors to the soul.
If you have ever felt alone or abandoned, this book will bring comfort, renewal, and spiritual insights. 50 black-and-white photographs of adorable animals accompany these heartwarming stories.
"Traditionally angels wear white robes and have wings. In Allen and Linda Anderson's new book, angels wear fur coats and have woofs. You are a pet lover, you understand the special bond between humans and animals. And there's powerful evidence of animals at our side, every day, helping us on the bumpy road of life, according to Allen and Linda Anderson, authors and co-founders of the Angel Animals Network, a group whose goal is to help people realize that animals are our spiritual partners."
"Your beloved pet may actually be a messenger from God, says a noted author. . . Linda Anderson and her husband Allen, the book's coauthor, believe that God sends messages of love, acceptance, and even proof of life after death though animals."
"Fitness guru Richard Simmons showered his beloved mom with jewels and took her on exotic trips all over the world, but the most precious gifts he ever gave her was a pair of Dalmatians....I don't think I ever saw my mom happier, he says in the book God's Messengers: What Animals Teach Us about the Divine by Allen and Linda Anderson (New World Library)."
"The Andersons' most recent book, God's Messengers: What Animals Teach Us about the Divine, illustrates how traditional cultures have viewed animals as messengers and mediators of the divine, which is a lesson we need to relearn. The book is a bold reminder that consciousness takes many forms and is not restricted to humans."
"Animal lovers tell stories of rescue. . .God's Messengers: What Animals Teach Us about the Divine makes you wonder -- who's rescuing whom?"
"It's no longer the case that many people dismiss a pet as merely a possession they own. No, a growing number of people understand that their dogs and cats and reptiles and birds, and other companions are beings with souls who are in their lives for a reason."
"If you never considered animals to be messengers from God, this collection of real stories about how animals connect us with the Divine will have you wondering, if not convince you that God does exist and can be seen through the animals that share our world."


text:
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System.Linq;

namespace EliteDangerousCore.JournalEvents
{
    //When written: Creating a new commander
    //Parameters:
    //•	Name: (new) commander name
    //•	Package: selected starter package
    [JournalEntryType(JournalTypeEnum.NewCommander)]
    public class JournalNewCommander : JournalEntry
    {
        public JournalNewCommander(JObject evt ) : base(evt, JournalTypeEnum.NewCommander)
        {
            Name = evt["Name"].Str();
            Package = evt["Package"].Str();
        }

        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Package { get; set; }

        public override void FillInformation(out string summary, out string info, out string detailed) //V
        {
            summary = EventTypeStr.SplitCapsWord();
            info = BaseUtils.FieldBuilder.Build("Cmdr ", Name , "Starting Package:", Package);
            detailed = "";
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > News > Steel Joist Installation
Steel Joist Installation
December 1, 2021 News	Metal Construction News
When installed correctly, steel joists help carry the load.
Steel joists are open-web, lightweight steel trusses consisting of parallel chords and a triangulated web system, proportioned to span between bearing points.
They provide direct support for the roof or floor deck, and transfer the load imposed on the deck to the structural frame's beams and columns. Typically comprised of hot-rolled or cold-formed steel (CFS) with yield strength of 50 ksi, steel joists are designed and constructed in accordance with standards developed by the Steel Joist Institute (SJI).
Many factors must be considered during the handling and installation of joists. These can include the size of the joists, the sheer quantity of joists, the height and reach of available equipment, and the need for temporary bracing. "Some joist installs have special requirements, such as requiring the application of loads to the joists before the bottom cords can be tied in," says Trent Tyler, field service technician, Chief Buildings, Grand Island, Neb. "Certified welders must be at the ready when connections require a final weld in lieu of a bolted connection. Strict adherence to the manufacturer's prescribed installation method is necessary to assure that it is structurally sound. When welding is required a verification process must also be in place to inspect welds and document all work is correct per plans and specs."
Photo courtesy of Alpine TrusSteel
Steel joist installations are primarily driven by the stability of the joist and its specific use in the overall structure. Joseph Voigt, PE, sales engineer at New Millennium Building Systems, Hope, Ark., explains OSHA 1926.757 must be followed when installing steel joists and the Steel Joist Institute's Technical Digest 9, "Handling and Erection of Steel Joists and Joist Girders," is an excellent resource for any steel erector.
Joist Girders
Joist girders are primary structural members that are normally supported by columns but can also be supported by other structural elements. "They must be installed one at a time and the manufacturer is required to design the joist girder to be installed without the need for bridging during erection," Voigt says. "The bottom chords of joist girders extend past a vertical stabilizer plate at the column to help prevent overturning. Attachment of the bottom chord to the stabilizer plate should not be made unless specified on the joist placement plans or the contract documents."
Column Joists
Joists bearing at steel columns that are not already framed in two directions are referred to as column joists, tie-joists, strut joists or OC joists. "Column joists must be field-bolted to the column to provide stability to the column during erection," Voigt says. "When spanning over 60 feet, column joists must be set in tandem with an adjacent joist with all bridging installed unless an alternate method of erection is used that provides the same stability and is included in the site-specific erection plan (see OSHA 1926.752(e)). Where constructability doesn't allow a joist to be installed directly at the column, an alternate means of stabilizing the column joists shall be installed on both sides near the column (see OSHA 1926.757(a)(2))."
Photo courtesy of Cascade Manufacturing Co.
Short Span Joists–K-Series
"Short span joists can be landed in bundles if they do not require erection bridging (see OSHA 1926.757(d))," Voigt says. "All joists in the bundle must be oriented with the top chord up and tagends at the same end of the bundle. The joists in the bundle must also be the same length and they cannot be staggered lengthwise in the bundle. Joist bundles cannot be lifted by attachment to joist web members or bundle straps. Installers should land bundles on the structure near the center of the bay, ensure adequate bearing of the joists, and hold the cables clear from the bundle when releasing them so they don't get caught in the bundle."
Bolt-Up Style Joist versus Typical Weld Seat
Cory Baxter, president of Cory Enterprises Inc., Davidsonville, Md., explains joists with bolted seats can be erected while structural steel erection is taking place and will aide in plumbing and stabilizing of bays. "Joists with welded only seats need to wait until a bay is plumb and stabilized with guy wires before they should be erected. Depending on the bearing condition you may have, some joists at the SJI minimum of 2 1/2 inches of bearing are at a center beam line condition. This can create a dangerous condition if the joists have been set and structural steel needs to be moved to get columns plumb. An important note is all joists over 40 feet per OSHA are required to have slotted seats for erection bolts. This can be avoided/worked around if the joists are being welded in place before the hoisting cables are removed and done one at a time."
Photo courtesy of Chief Buildings
Joist Handling and Bridging
According to Tyler, handling of bar joists is usually best when left in the bundles provided by the manufacturer as long as possible. "This will allow for safe storage and efficient movement around the job site. Granted there will be exception to this and breaking apart the bundles is always inevitable. It is always a best practice to always set bundles of joists on blocking for two reasons: to keep them clean and out of the dirt and to allow rigging to be attached without complications when install time comes. If possible, locate the bundles as convenient as you can for your hoisting of them into place. Most times a crane is used to place joists, but sometimes some form of a telehandler or rough terrain fork lift is needed because of low overhead clearance issues or other site-specific conditions. Many criteria must be considered at every job site to be able to move and lift joists in a safe manner. Every job site will be unique."
In terms of actual joist spacing, Tim Liescheidt, PE, managing member of Advant Steel LLC, Midland, N.C., explains that designers will use the joist's published capacity to determine spacing required. "Normally red iron joists will be spaced further apart than a comparable CFS joist. For a project that requires red iron joists at 6 feet off center for instance, when it is converted to CFS might be required to be spaced 4 feet oc.
Spacing of the supporting structural element is critical because the support member is designed for a specific tributary area. If the support member spacing results in an area carried that is greater than what the member is designed for then the member cannot act as intended."
Joists should be secured at both ends before being released from rigging on either a full install or some other means of temporary bracing. After the joists are in place next comes the bridging for them and it runs in the webs horizontally. This bridging ties one joist to the next and provides a means to set spacing, provide racking stability, and it keeps them in the proper position vertically.
Photo courtesy of New Millennium Building Systems
Some joists require bolted diagonal erection bridging to ensure the joists remain stable during erection. "Erection bridging requirements vary by joist size and span, and the joist placement plans will indicate where it's required. OSHA 1926.757(c)(3) provides a table for erection bridging requirements for standard joists up to and including 60 ft. spans," Voigt says. "There are specific erection bridging requirements based on other span increments for joists longer than 60 feet, all outlined in OSHA 1926.757(d). Projects that require diagonal bridging may have several different bridging lengths due to joist spacing and joist depth differences, so organizing the bridging prior to erection will lead to a more efficient installation."
"Bolted bridging is by far the quickest and safest for a project," explains Nick Weiss, senior project manager, O'Donnell Metal Deck, Elkridge, Md. "It can be installed before hoisting cables are released and will stabilize joist for bundles of decking to be set on. If there is additional welded horizontal, X, or uplift bridging it can be installed as decking crewing is working in another area on the job. Joists should also be plumb before bridging is tightened or welded in place. If not, this can create unintended lateral loads on the joists which could cause it to fail under a snow load, uplift, rooftop unit or other roof loads. From a supplier standpoint, bolted bridging is more expensive than traditional welded bridging due to the extra engineering, material, and fabrication time. So, it's a tradeoff like most things in construction but it can be a useful thing to know about when looking at a new project."
Liescheidt contends the construction industry is recognizing CFS Trusses are a viable alternative to bar joists in flat roof and floor applications. "Inquires and requests for budgeting have increased significantly but a smaller number of projects have actually been through redesign replacing red iron joists with CFS trusses. I have had conversations with many engineers where they are now specifying CFS trusses on new projects. Moving forward it seems CFS trusses will be another viable option for flat roof jobs where, prior to 2021, they were not. Using CFS trusses in flat roof applications also opens the opportunity for a non-combustible board to be used in place of metal deck. This can be a very appealing option to a building owner because standard metal deck has, in some cases, more than quadrupled in price. With the price and availability issues of red iron bar joists over the last year, as well as the development of the light gauge bar joist by Advant, the idea of using CFS trusses in flat roof applications is no longer a far-fetched idea, rather it is a cost-effective option with a much shorter lead time that can be used to keep a project moving!"
Photo courtesy of O'Donnell Metal Deck
The Rise of CFS Trusses
CFS trusses historically have been utilized for pitched roof applications and floor trusses on mid-rise construction projects. Installing CFS trusses in joist type applications is common. The one major difference between steel joist and CFS truss installation is the attachment of the metal deck to the top chords.
"CFS trusses have always been a viable replacement product for steel joists yet historically the price point was not favorable due to the larger joist manufacturers being owned by steel producing mills," says David C. Dunbar, PE, TrusSteel national sales manager, Alpine TrusSteel, Orlando, Fla. "Then, in 2021 the demand for large warehouses and mega-retail distribution centers caused lead times for joists to approach and even exceed one year. Simultaneously, the price of steel rising by two to three times from pre-pandemic levels has made CFS trusses a competitive replacement product in most standard (K-Series, LH-Series) joist applications. Many steel joist applications have the deck attached via puddle welds which is acceptable due to the steel thickness of the chord material. Installing CFS trusses as a replacement for joists is not affected by the physical properties of the building. Delivering a detailed truss placement plan as part of the job-site package is another standard industry practice. Streamlined connection details for the truss to structure have recently been developed for ease of installation."
CFS trusses are lighter than bar joist and therefore may be easier to handle in the field. "They offer a wide range of joist bearing conditions that can be custom tailored to the specific project: top chord bearing, bottom chord bearing, mid chord bearing, plus options to weld or mechanically fasten connections," says Tim Noonan, president, Cascade Manufacturing Co., Cascade, Iowa. "The best application for CFS trusses as an alternate to bar joist are in spans of 60 feet or less. Depending on the span, CFS trusses will likely need more depth to accomplish the same span/spacing/load capabilities as bar joists, but involving a CFS truss designer up front can result in the optimal design for the particular application."
Diagram courtesy of Chief Buildings
This article was originally published in Metal Construction News.
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text:
var Sails = require('sails'),
    assert = require('chai').assert,
    path = require('path');

before(function(done) {

    // Lift Sails and start the server
    Sails.lift({

        log: {
            level: 'error'
        },

    }, function(err, sails) {
        app = sails;
        done(err, sails);
    });
});

//Global after hook
after(function(done) {
  var done_called = false;
  app.lower(function() {
    if (!done_called) {
      done_called = true;
      setTimeout(function() {
          sails.log.debug("inside app.lower, callback not called yet. calling.");
          done();
      }, 1000);
    } else {
      sails.log.debug("inside app.lower, callback already called.");
    }
  });
});

describe('The FileExplorer service', function() {
    // we emulate the default rootPath with a fixture data path here:
    var storagePath = path.join(__dirname, '../fixtures/storage')

    describe('when listing files from the default rootPath', function() {
        it('should return an array', function(done) {
            var fileExplorer = new FileExplorer(storagePath),
                fileList = fileExplorer.getFileList();

            assert(Array.isArray(fileList), 'returned value is array');
            done();
        });

        it('should return the test file', function(done) {
            var fileExplorer = new FileExplorer(storagePath),
                fileList = fileExplorer.getFileList();

            assert(fileList[0] === path.join(storagePath, '/file1.e57'), 'first entry equals path to "file1.e57"');
            done();
        });
    });
});;


Cat Johnson is an award-winning author of steamy contemporary romance in genres including military, cowboy, and a little bit of paranormal. A Junior Leaguer and professional harpist, Cat has too many animals, a few very close friends and uses her laptop so much she wore the letters off the keyboard within a year. Cat is known for her creative marketing and research practices; consequently she owns an entire collection of camouflage shoes and cowboy boots for book signings, a fair number of her friends wear combat or cowboy boots for a living and she sponsors real-live bull riders.
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Are paid subscriptions the next step for social media?
Home > News > Are paid subscriptions the next step for social media?
16 February 2022 | Amandine Bula
In January, Instagram announced that they've begun testing subscriptions with a limited number of U.S. creators through subscriber lives, stories and badges. The next day, TikTok joined the party and confirmed that they're also testing paid subscriptions. Their latest move doesn't come as a surprise as they already have other features like Creator Fund or Tips to help their creators monetise their content. But why are all the social platforms starting to roll out subscription models? Let's dive in.
Where did the idea of monetisation come from?
Membership isn't new, it's an inbound marketing tactic used by many advertisers. Gated content trades access to exclusive content in exchange for an action from consumers. In most cases, the user will provide their name and email address. In some other cases, a fee is involved, giving you access to even more content. Some examples are Medium, Stab, or any news outlet.
However, it's slightly new on social. We allude to it in our article about OnlyFans but let's take a quick stroll down memory lane with a quick history of Patreon.
In 2013, musician Jack Conte was about to release his latest video on YouTube when he realised that for all the sweat and money he poured into the production, he wouldn't get much back. Pretty gutted, he started thinking —what if there was a platform where content creators have the freedom of sharing their work without their creativity being limited by brand deals? This platform would allow his fans to pay him directly for the value he was giving them and generate greater revenues than he would get from YouTube Ads. That's how Patreon was born.
Today, 250,000 musicians, visual artists, gaming creators, podcasters and more are sharing exclusive content with 8 million+ monthly active patrons. Fans pay a monthly amount of their choice that goes directly towards their favourite creators helping them create more of what they love.
As many content creators are making the move to platforms like Patreon, OnlyFans, Twitch to cite but a few, free social media platforms are looking to roll out their paid subscription models to retain users and content creators. Twitter led the way when launching Twitter Blue in June 2021, and it's no surprise that Instagram, TikTok, and the likes are following with their versions.
Pay to play: the end of free social media marketing?
The attraction of social media is that it's free. Everyone can access it. Okay, one could argue that it's not totally free. You need a laptop or mobile with an internet connection and you're also giving away your soul, sorry, your data to advertisers. But technically, it's free.
So why would we change that?
"One of the best decisions I've made recently was going premium with my YouTube account. Having to watch one and sometimes two ads per video grew increasingly annoying. Paying $12 per month was a no brainer in avoiding this irritation.", wrote Jamie Mah in his article Should We Want Subscription Based Social Media? He has a point. Just try it now, log into Instagram and have a look at how many ads you're seeing hiding in your feed. You'll be surprised.
Of course, there are also some pros and cons whether you're a content creator or a consumer.
Let's state the obvious, subscription-based models are creating a recurring revenue stream. Some months can be a bit dry for influencers, with fewer brand deals so they have to rely on ad revenue or affiliate links but it doesn't always pay the bills.
With a subscription-style payment model, creators can nurture their relationship with a niche audience, providing additional value, exclusive content and making them feel they are a part of a community. They also have creative freedom without needing to plug a product here and there to generate some revenue or have your content being reviewed by a brand. It seems more genuine.
Most of all, creators and consumers are in control. There is no algorithm wedging its way between the two. And the subscribers can easily resume their membership if they don't feel like it's worth their while anymore.
As an influencer, you'll be reaching a limited audience who can afford joining your community or turning away a new potential audience. Not everyone is willing to pay for content that they could find somewhere else for free. Additionally, to maintain this relationship with your patrons, for example, you need to be consistent, provide real value so you won't lose their trust.
What about brands?
It's all fine and dandy, but are paid social media subscriptions also the next step for brands? We don't talk much about them. It looks like these memberships are developed towards influencers and content creators. Yet, it's never been harder for a brand to maintain relevancy with its fan base.
Only 5% of 18-35-years-old trust brand messages. More than sales, brands are constantly looking for ways to attract attention online through engaging and meaningful content. However Sprout Social Index found that 51% of consumers unfollow brands on social media because they get irrelevant content, 43% said they get too many ads and 29% feel that brands ignore them.
Social media platforms offering premium content experiences could be a new opportunity for brands to nurture their relationship with their consumers, to make them feel special, give them more powers over brands' business decisions and be a part of it all.
Nowadays nothing is free. The more we accept and use platforms based around this free model, the less control we get over the content we consume and our overall experience. Could social media monetisation be the solution? Should brands be included and launch their own paid memberships? We'd love to hear your thoughts, talk to us!
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Since 2009 CRTA empowers citizens to participate in political process and demand accountability from their representatives. Aiming to establish accountability as core democratic value in Serbian political culture, CRTA advocacy efforts rely on the three-pronged approach: a) accountability in the work of politicians, b) institutional accountability, and c) accountability in public finances. CRTA provided citizens with opportunity to directly engage in accountability advocacy and monitoring by having developed several accountability and transparency online tools: Istinomer, Otvoreni parlament, Prati pare and Vodite računa. Through these initiatives CRTA increased its influence among the Serbian public and positioned itself as credible actor in raising demand for accountability in politicians' and public institutions' work.
By advocating for accountability to take roots and become a guiding principle in Serbian democracy, CRTA initiated informed public debate about accountability among both politicians and citizens.


How to make Mini Pumpkin Pies. This recipe is a family favorite passed down through generations. Bite-sized pumpkin pies make a wonderful dessert or holiday appetizer.
Happy Fall Ya'll! I'm Kelsey from Poofy Cheeks and I am excited to be back with another recipe that is perfect for my favorite season – FALL. Today I am sharing a recipe for Mini Pumpkin Pies! Yesterday I walked past a Starbucks that had a PSL poster outside and this morning when I took my kiddos to Dunkin' Donuts I couldn't resist a few of the pumpkin donut holes!
In our house we do dessert on a regular basis. I am a mom of four and I feel like dessert is the way to reward myself for all the laundry, school pick-ups, school drop-offs and other behind the scenes work I do! These mini pumpkin pies are even great for a snack or breakfast if you so desire! This pumpkin pie recipe was handed down from my grandma and brings back so many memories each time I bite into it.
Wouldn't these be just amazing for breakfast with a big cup of coffee or the perfect dessert next to a scoop of vanilla ice-cream?
In a medium bowl beat eggs with a fork.
Stir in pumpkin, sugar, brown sugar, cinnamon, ginger, cloves and salt. Then gradually stir in evaporated milk.
Unroll and cut each pie crust into six pieces. Push the pieces into a greased muffin tin and then fill each mini pie 3/4 of the way up with the pumpkin pie mixture.
Preheat oven to 400 degrees and bake for 8 minutes then reduce heat to 350 degrees and continue to bake for another 20-25 minutes.
Allow to cool then serve or refrigerate. Serve with whipped cream and a sprinkle of cinnamon!
Wouldn't these be just amazing for breakfast with a big cup of coffee or the perfect dessert next to a scoop of vanilla ice-cream? Hope you enjoy!!
Thanks Kelsey! How cute are those little pies, and I'm sure they taste amazing too. Kelsey is such a fabulous contributor. I love all of her recipes.
If you're looking for pumpkin recipes, make sure you pin this one. Her Brown Sugar Pumpkin Cheesecake looks amazing!
And if you're planning a party for Halloween, she's got some great ideas and FREE Bat Halloween Printables!
And if you're still trying to get organized since school started, check out her $30 Home Command Center. Such cute ideas!
And if you are looking for a cute PIE printable – grab this one from my sister Ashley @ Modern Glam Home!
OMG those look so yummy!!!!!! And perfect size for a work party or something too! thank you for sharing!
Can you tell me if these are the "two bite size" or "cupcake size"? They look yummy!
Becky recently posted…24 Fall and Halloween DIY Ideas!
Can you tell me if these are like the "two bite size" or the larger "muffin size"? Thanks they look yummy!
My youngest loves pumpkin pie. He'd eat it all year if he could. We found some mini pies that look like these at Trader Joes last year and he loved them. Now I can just whip up a batch at home!!! GREAT POST.
I like the idea of these mini pies! Not sure I will be able to stop at just one though! They looks so tasty! Pinned!


text:
Funeral of nine-year-old daughter of Welsh rugby boss held after tragic death over Christmas
The nine-year-old daughter of the Welsh rugby club legend has been cremated after her long battle with brain cancer.
Freya Bevan, daughter of Swansea RFC team manager John-Paul and his wife Cath, died just two days after Christmas.
She was first diagnosed two months before her second birthday, with a new growth discovered years later.
Her parents previously said: "We are blessed and proud to be chosen as your parents, but our pain will never heal until you are in our arms."
People line the streets of Neath, where Freya was from, and Britton Ferry, during a funeral procession ahead of service at Margam crematorium on Saturday, January 8 Was told to wear
A wreath tribute that has "Freya" written next to her coffin
(Image credit: Dimitris Legakis / Athena Pictures)
He was diagnosed with a primitive neuroectodermal (PNET) in just 22 months in May 2014, after which Freya underwent two major brain surgeries, chemotherapy and a stem cell transplant. Less than a year later in February 2015, she along with her family traveled to Oklahoma, USA for specialist proton beam therapy treatment.
More than five years passed before a routine scan in October 2020 revealed the growth of a new tumor in Freya's brain. It nearly quadrupled in size about two months later, and she had further surgery on December 31, 2020 – lasting nine hours.
The plan was to return to the US for more proton beam therapy, with Freya's family and friends raising thousands to help with the cost of the treatment, but her parents posted the devastating news that she had died on Monday 27 December. .
Nine-year-old Freya Bevan, who died in December after being diagnosed with brain cancer in 2014
(Image: Freya Bevan and her fight)
Donations to fund Freya's treatment were coming from Wales and beyond, including at Swansea RFC, where dad 'JP' is an important figure.
Swansea RFC wrote on Saturday: "She may have been small, but her impact was anything but.
"On this extremely difficult day, the boys will wear pink bows on their jerseys in celebration and as a tribute to Freya. We always keep JP, Kath and the entire Bevan family in our thoughts."
The club previously stated: "Freya was known to many people who had never met her, as extensive fundraisers were active in many different communities, including the rugby community. Brain cancer at such a young age His diagnosis and extended treatment for the disease affected many hearts and took affirmative action along with much affection and sympathy to help the family.
"JP, as Swansea RFC team manager, will know that the rugby community in St. Helen and beyond has always rooted for its brave little girl. We are saddened to hear that Freya has lost the battle with her illness, although she has Have won many hearts and we all must be thinking of the family at this time and hope their hearts rest in peace."
mourners took to the streets to pay tribute
In a heartfelt tribute posted on Freya Bevan and her fight Announcing her death on the Facebook page, her parents said: "Our hearts are utterly broken, as we share the news with you, Heaven has received the sweetest and most beautiful warrior ever Is.
"Our brave, beautiful, precious Freya has now been cured of cancer and is receiving a great searing in heaven from her beloved great-grandmother.
"No more blows, or bullets, or hospital visits, now you are free our beautiful angel.
"A lifetime with you is never long enough, but you were too pure and precious to this cruel world.
Neith Port Talbot's Freya Bevan had an aggressive form of brain cancer. He photographed with his mother Kath Bevani
(Image: Kath Bevan)
"Still blinded by tears, we want you, as Freya's supporters, to know how much continued support you have given us as a family over the past 8 years, not just once, but twice for our baby girl." bar for helping us with the fundraising.. With that help we really believe we had more precious time with him. So thank you all.
"We now need time to grieve our precious daughter, while somehow trying to figure out how we can go on without her when all the shapes of Freya disappear from our hearts.
"But Freya, we promise you, that when we're strong, we'll honor you and your name, and help kids fight brain cancer, never the way you wanted, your name our sweet girl will be forgotten.
"The tears won't stop flowing but the pain of our grief is a testament to how much we love you and always will be. You are the love of our lives, and I ache for the day that I see your beautiful face again." I see from you the best child in every possible way.
"Freya Marie Bevan. Forever 9. Forever Loved."
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Inaccuracy: The Palestinians were justified in rejecting the 1947 U.N. Partition Plan.
The rejection of the Partition Plan in 1947 – the United Nations proposal to divide British-Mandate Palestine into a Jewish State and an Arab State with Jerusalem made an international city – by the Arab nations demonstrated an unwillingness to accept the existence of a Jewish state in the region.
Neither the Jews nor the Arabs were fully satisfied with the plan and there was much internal opposition. Giving the Jews only 12 percent of the land promised to them in the Balfour Declaration, and drawing borders for the new state which were virtually indefensible, the plan was a difficult compromise for many of the Jews of Palestine.
On the other side, the Arab nations desired full control over the land of Palestine and the Arab people in the region.
Yet, the Zionist leaders accepted the partition plan despite its less-than-ideal solution, understanding the need to compromise. It was the Arab nations who refused the plan, refused to accept the establishment of a Jewish state and gathered their armies to wage battle against Israel.
Had the Arabs accepted the plan in 1947 there would today be an Arab state alongside the Jewish State of Israel and the heartache and bloodshed that have characterized the Arab-Israeli conflict would have been avoided.


The St. Louis Park Rec Center, features an outdoor aquatic park, two indoor ice arenas – used by both St. Louis Park and Benilde St. Margaret's boys and girls High School hockey teams—and meeting and banquet facilities.
Visual Communications provided the Signage Master Plan with graphic images symbolizing water and ice, reflecting the full spectrum of activities at the center. The Rec Center's unique signage design is integrated within the Park Commons District utilizing materials and colors compatible with the overall area design.


A St. Louis-area man died in a freak accident Wednesday while buying food at a Jack in the Box drive-thru window, according to a report. Charles Wood Jr., 20, of Velda City, pulled up to the drive-thru window at an angle around 10 p.m., so he needed to open the car door and lean out to pick up his order, police said.
As he reached for his food, the car accelerated backward and pinned Wood against a tree, the report said. Wood suffered severe injuries to his head, neck, torso, and legs, and was later pronounced dead at a hospital.


text:
Giuseppe Rossi: How injuries spoiled Man Utd youth sensation's career
Posted Jan 31 2019, 9:17 by
Philip Morrissey
Follow @PhilipEMorrisse
The early to mid 00's seemed to offer both ends of the striker spectrum. On one side, we witnessed some of the best forwards of the modern era. Both at home and abroad. The likes of Dwight Yorke, Ole Gunnar Solksjaer, Andrew Cole, Teddy Sheringham, Cristiano Ronaldo, Ruud Van Nistelrooy, and Wayne Rooney all shined during their spell leading the line. Henrik Larsson, Alan Smith, Louis Saha, and Diego Forlan had their moments but saw their time limited due to injuries or inconsistent periods. On the other end of the scale, David Bellion or Dong Fangzhuo will remembered with too much fondness.
But there was also a batch of young strikers from the academy who did not manage to make the grade at the club. Some like David Healy, Danny Webber, Daniel Nardiello and Sylvan Ebanks-Blake went to have decent professional careers around various different clubs. One such player has recently arrived back to the scene where he lit up the scoring charts at reserve and underage level.
Giuseppe Rossi begun his footballing education with Parma, upon arriving in Italy from New Jersey. The level of his promise, even at this stage, led United to buy out his contract. His arrival in 2004, saw a period of change at the club. The league had been won in the previous year, but the campaign just finished had seen the club finish third for the first time in Premier League history. Arsenal's 'invincibles' had finished the season undefeated in the league, whilst Liverpool pipped the reds to second spot. That summer also witnessed the arrival of Roman Abramovich's wealth to Chelsea. From being the main players, there was a danger of being left behind.
READ MORE: Romelu Lukaku AMA: Man Utd striker asked to pick between De Gea or Courtois
Given the senior strikers at the time, Rossi found it tough. He picked some minutes shortly after arriving in league cup encounters with Crystal Palace and Arsenal. Those were rare moments, as he focused on developing his game. His form with the underage side was enough to see him named as Jimmy Murphy young player of the year for 04/05. Following in the footsteps of Ryan Giggs, Paul Scholes, Wes Brown and Philip Neville.
The next season saw him make more of an impact. Away to Sunderland brought his first taste of Premier League action. Coming on as a substitute for Van Nistelrooy, he rounded off the scoring in a 3-1 victory. In another inconsistent year for the reds, he still managed to impress his colleagues. Nemenja Vidic gave him his winners medal from the league cup win over Wigan. This was reward for good work in the earlier rounds. He also won the Denzil Haroun reserve player of the year for 05/06.
It was felt necessary to allow the young Italian some game time to flourish. The decision was made to let him out on loan to Newcastle. It was felt that exposure to regular football could only be a positive move for all concerned. The Geordies would have a hungry striker, Rossi would build up his fortitude and United would have a confident player returning to them. It did not work out up in the North East, however. The game time that was promised under the deal did not transpire and he returned having only scored once during that period. A return to his former side, Parma, was more successful. He scored nine times in nineteen games in Serie A to help them move away from the relegation zone to mid-table security. This form began to attract attention from other clubs in Europe.
In the summer of 2007, Alex Ferguson received a bid in the region of £6.6M from Villarreal in Spain, as reported by Goal. Being at a cross-roads, the player had a decision to make. He decided to make the move to La Liga. It was a move that proved beneficial for both Rossi and the 'yellow submarines'. His debut season saw him net 11 times as the club finished second behind Bernd Schuster's Real Madrid. His debut season in the Champions League the following year saw him net three goals, along with 12 league goals. It was in the 2010-11 season that he truly made his mark. He helped Villarreal to fourth place in the league, the semi-finals of the UEFA Cup and quarter-finals of the Spanish Cup with 32 goals. This made up for his disappointment in missing out on Italy's 2010 World Cup squad. An extension to his contract was signed and all was looking up.
Unfortunately, the following year proved to be a disaster. His club exited the group stage without a point. They struggled badly in the league as well, eventually finishing in the bottom three. He suffered an anterior cruciate ligament injury in his knee and was side-lined for six months. Upon his return, he managed to pick up a similar injury, and be out for a further ten months. This was to set a trend.
An agreement was made for him to move back to Italy and join Fiorentina. He soon set about to impressing the Viola fans. A notable hat-trick in a victory against bitter rivals Juventus certainly endeared him to them. He was beginning to get back into the groove and reckoning for international recognition. Going into the new year, he was among the top scorers in the league. Then injury struck again. A tackle received in a game against Livorno put him out of action again. The nature of it attracted wide-spread condemnation in fact. Although he returned towards the end of the season, he was unable to prove himself fit enough for the World Cup in Brazil. At the start of the next season he damaged his right knee again and would be out for another four months.
In January of 2016, he joined on loan to Levante in Spain. The move was designed in order to gain some playing time ahead of Euro 2016. Although netting a few important goals, it ultimately was not enough. He was unable to save the team from relegation and impress enough to make the final squad. He stayed in Spain to sign on loan for Celta Vigo the following season. It was here that he managed to pick up his fifth major injury. It was his knee yet again and put him out for over six months.
Fiorentina let his contract expire and he signed for Genoa on a free transfer. He failed to really make an impact only scoring once during the 17-18 season. It was with the Genovese club that another major blow struck him. He was tested positive for a banned substance during a league game. He protested his innocence in the case that followed claiming to be unaware how it ended in his food. He escaped with a warning, but it put him out of football for nearly four months.
His next step brought him right back where he came from. At the beginning of the month, it was announced that he was training at Manchester United in order to gain fitness. On a visit from his old mentor, Alex Ferguson, he impressed greatly with a smart goal. The Scot is well aware of his talents but couldn't help but to comment on it. As of yet, no club has come in for him. It was claimed in some corners that Tottenham were interested due to Harry Kane's injury but no move was made. Ole Solksjaer has stated that Manchester United are unlikely to sign him despite how much of a good luck story it would appear to be. Hopefully, he manages to secure a club where he can show the attributes that held him in such high esteem at an early age.
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