text:
Colchester Men
who fought at
Here follows a list of the 21 Colchester men who are believed to have fought at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. These have been discovered and researched by Joan Soole in 2005 from records at the Public Record Office in Greenwich.
The tomb structure in Holy Trinity churchyard belonging to
Captain Thomas Pinto
was cleaned up in 2005.
The gravestones of
Isaac Pooley and Ben Snood
were re-discovered in 2007.
On October 21st 2006, a procession, including the Mayor of Colchester, Sea Cadets, the Town Watch and a standard bearer marched from the Town Hall to Trinity Church, with a service of commemoration to mark the Battle of Trafalgar and the part that our Colchester Heroes played at the Battle of Trafalgar.
Evening Gazette 11th July 2005
ISAAC POOLEY
JOHN WALES
WILLIAM SIMMS
LT JOHN MAPLE
JOHN HARDING
JOHN WEIR
LT THOMAS PINTO
ROBERT COOK
JOHN JOLLY
PTE REDMOND ABBOTT
THOMAS MIDDLETON
PTE JOHN FEAKES
BEN SNOOD
WINDEN BACCHUS
SGT GEORGE LYES
SAM TWAITS
HENRY ROOFE
The following is what is known of the men and their ships. The first section tells what we know of the man, mostly taken from naval records. The second section tells of the ship he was serving on during the Battle of Trafalgar, mostly taken from Wikipedia.
Ordinary Seaman
Isaac Pooley aged 23 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Victory
Rank/Rating: Ordinary Seaman
Pooley Isaac ADM 29/31 p380 Victory aged 21; 21 June 1803-15 Jan 1806 Ord Ocean 16 jan 1806-17 Jan 1806 Ord Fame 18 Jan 1806-? Ab (run) As Berry Isaac Acasta 8 Nov 1807-25 April 1809 AB Unique 26 April 1809-31 May 1809 Mid Acasta 1 june 1809-5 Oct 1809 ab Scipion (SB 213) 6 Oct 1809-10 Oct 1814 AB Leviathan 11 Oct 1814-19 July 1816 AB A 23 Jan 1844
Comments: From: Blonde
HMS Victory
13 August 1803 to 27 September 1803
Ship's pay book number: (SB 744)
28 September 1803 to 24 December 1805 (Was at Trafalgar)
HMS Ocean
Ship's pay book number: (SLVO 466)
25 December 1805 to 15 January 1806
Ship's pay book number: (SB 35)
HMS Fame
18 January 1806 to 28 June 1807
Rank/rating: Able Seaman
Comments: Run 28 June 1807 Portsmouth.
He left the Royal Navy in 1816 and returned to Colchester where he lived at the Hythe as a bootmaker. He married Elizabeth Winch in 1825 at St Leonards Church, Colchester and they had eight children. In the 1871 census he was shown as being, 'deaf from noise of cannons'. He died in 1872 at the age of 87 years and was buried in Colchester' Cemetery on Mersea Road.
His gravestone was re-discovered in Colchester's cemetery and restored in 2007 and is shown here. Some of his known descendants now live in Australia. The gravestone makes no mention of Isaac's naval career, so the 1807 record stating 'run' possibly suggests that he did not quit the navy in best circumstances.
In the 1841 census he was living in Parsons Lane, St Leonard parish with his wife Mary, aged 45. He was shown as being aged 55, a cordwinder.
In the 1851 census he was living in Hythe Street, St Leonard parish with his 9 year old son, Isaac B(erry) Pooley. He was shown as being a widower aged 65, born in Colchester.
In the 1861 census he was living in Hythe Street with his 25 year old daughter Elizabeth, a school mistress. He was shown as a widower, aged 76 years, a retired shoemaker and Greenwich pensioner.
In the 1871 census he was living in Park Lane (later New Park Street and between Victor Road and Port Lane) with his 35 year old daughter Elizabeth, an annuitant. He was shown as a widower, aged 86 years, a pensioner, deaf from the noise of cannon.
In November 1797 an Isaac Pooley married Susannah Thompson in St Leonards Church in Colchester. What connection could there be with this mnarriage we wonder?
A descendant of Isaac Pooley has been inspired to do some research into Isaac's life. This is what he told Joan Soole in an email.
Isaac Pooley (1) was left 2 houses by his cousin Isaac Pooley (2) who was also a shoemaker in Colchester.
Isaac Pooley (2) also left in his will items to his wife Mary Marriage, which I obtained a copy of.
On Isaac Pooley (2)s wedding certificate to Mary Marriage, it states that his father is Isaac Pooley (3) who is a sailor.
I have spent a lot of time down at Kew National Archives. Going through muster rolls, I find a lot of references to an older Isaac Pooley who was a gunner in the Royal Navy and was 36 in 1799. I am certain this is Isaac Pooley (3) . This Isaac Pooley (3) pay book also states that he has a wife called Susan. I cannot find any reference to an Isaac Pooley at the battle of the Nile and I have been through every muster roll of every ship that was there. (The only reference I can find to that is newspaper clippings at the time of his death, but I am wondering of that has become distorted in time.) However, I do know that Isaac Pooley (1) served in the battle of Martinique in 30th Jan to 24th Feb1809 whilst aboard Acasta and the Invasion of Java Aug to Sep 1811 whilst on board the Scipion. Isaac Pooley (1) and (3) were both on board HMS Blonde albeit for a very very short time as Isaac Pooley (1) was taken away to HMS Kent by order of Sir Richard Bickerton , Baronet (attached a snip of that from HMS Blonde).
[HMS Blonde sailed from .... (page is ripped) on 12 June 1803 and arrives at Malta 17 Jul 1803 where HMS Kent also is stationed]
I still have a lot of research to do at Kew as I am plotting Isaac Pooley (1)s movement around (so far, he has been to Malta, Barbados and all down the West coast of France and Spain). I am also going to go further back on Isaac Pooley (3) and see his movements as i find this thoroughly interesting.
Neal (July 2015)
HMS Victory is a 104-gun ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built between 1759 and 1765. She is the oldest naval ship still in commission and the only remaining ship of the line except for the Regalskeppet Vasa. She sits in dry dock in Portsmouth as a museum ship.
In December 1758, the commissioner of Chatham Dockyard was instructed to prepare a dry dock for the construction of a new 106-gun first-rate ship. This was an unusual occurrence at the time; during the whole of the 18th century only ten were constructed—the Royal Navy preferred smaller and more manoeuvrable ships and it was unusual for more than two to be in commission simultaneously.
The outline plans arrived in June 1759 and were based on HMS Royal George which had been launched at Woolwich Dockyard in 1756. The Naval Architect to design the ship was Sir Thomas Slade who, at the time, was the appointed Surveyor of the Navy.
The keel was laid on 23 July 1759 in the Old Single Dock (since renamed No. 2 Dock and now Victory Dock), and the name was finally chosen in October 1760. It was to commemorate the Annus Mirabilis or Year of Victories, of 1759. In that year of the Seven Years' War, land victories had been won at Quebec, Minden and naval battles had been won at Lagos and Quiberon Bay. There were some doubts whether this was a suitable name since the previous first-rate Victory had been lost with all on board in 1744.
Once the frame had been constructed it was normal to cover the ship up and leave it for several months to season. However, the end of the Seven Years' War meant that she remained in this condition for nearly three years, which helped her subsequent longevity. Work restarted in autumn 1763 and she was finally launched on 7 May 1765 having cost £63,176 and 3 shillings (present day £50 million) and used around 6000 trees, 90% of which were oak and the remainder elm, pine and fir.
Because there was no immediate use for her she was placed in ordinary— in reserve having been roofed over, demasted and placed under general maintenance—moored in the River Medway for 13 years until France joined the American War of Independence.
She was commissioned in 1778 under the command of Rear Admiral John Campbell (1st Captain) and Captain Jonathan Faulknor (2nd Captain), with the flag of Admiral the Honorable Augustus Keppel. She was armed with smooth bore, cast iron cannon 30 x 32 and 42 pounders (15 and 19 kg), 30 x 24 pounders (11 kg), and 40 x 12 pounders (5 kg). Later she also carried two carronade guns, firing 68 lb (31 kg) round shot.
Able Bodied Seaman
William Simms aged 23 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Comments: From: Deal Rendezvous
HMS Utrecht
25 April 1803 to 11 May 1803
Comments: Volunteer
11 May 1803 to 15 January 1806 (Was at Trafalgar)
17 January 1806 to 16 July 1809
HMS Salvador Del Mundo
Ship's pay book number: (SB 58991)
17 July 1809 to 12 August 1809
Comments: Run 12 Aug 1809 not returned from leave.
John Harding aged 38 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Royal Sovereign
HMS Daedalus
16 July 1800 to 24 May 1803
Rank/rating: Landsman, Ordinary Seaman
HMS Royal Sovereign
Rank/rating: Ordinary Seaman, Able Seaman
HMS Renown
28 January 1806 to 28 March 1810
Rank/rating: Able Seaman, Quartergunner
HMS Nisus
HMS Royal Sovereign (1786) was a 100-gun 1st rate ship of the line which served as the flagship of Admiral Collingwood at the Battle of Trafalgar. She was the third of seven Royal Navy ships to bear this name. Designed by Sir John Williams, she was launched at Plymouth Dockyard September 11, 1786, at a cost of £67,458. She was of 2193 tons burthen, with gundeck length 186' 0" and breadth 52' 0". She mounted 100 great guns on her 3 full gundecks, quarterdeck, and forecastle.
On June 16, 1795, as the flagship of Vice-Admiral William Cornwallis, she was involved in the celebrated episode known as "Cornwallis' Retreat".
The first ship of the fleet in action at Trafalgar on October 21, 1805, she led one column of warships; Nelson's Victory led the other. Due to the re-coppering of her hull prior to her arrival off Cadiz Royal Sovereign was a considerably better sailer, in the light winds present that day, than other vessels, and pulled well ahead of the rest of the fleet. As she cut the enemy line alone and engaged the Spanish flagship Santa Ana, Nelson pointed to her and said, "See how that noble fellow Collingwood carries his ship into action!" At approximately the same moment, Collingwood remarked to his captain, "What would Nelson give to be here?"
Although pounded nearly to a wreck by the Spanish fleet, she forced Santa Ana to surrender and was herself rescued by the arrival of the rest of her column.
After her useful active life she was converted to harbour service as a receiving ship at Plymouth before being renamed Captain on August 17, 1825. Becoming a hulk in June, 1826, this Royal Sovereign was finally broken up at Plymouth, completed August 28, 1841. Four of her guns were saved and are incorporated in the Collingwood Memorial in Tynemouth.
Robert Cook aged 22 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Achille
Died 17 June 1810, drowned in Cadiz harbour out of pinnance when returning from watering.
Comments: From: HMS Renown
HMS Achille
16 May 1805 to 17 June 1810 (Was at Trafalgar)
HMS ACHILLES
HMS Achille was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built by Cleverley Bros., a private shipyard at Gravesend, and launched in 1798. Her design was based on the lines of the captured French ship, the Pompee. She was the fourth Royal Navy ship to be named after the Greek hero Achilles in the French style.
On 21 October 1805, under the command of Captain Richard King, Achille was in Admiral Collingwood's column at the Battle of Trafalgar, seventh in the line, between Bellerophon and Polyphemus[citation needed]. Achille opened fire on the rear of the French and Spanish fleet at 12.15, engaging the Montanes, 74, for fifteen minutes, before sailing on to meet the Argontauta, 80, which had already been battling with other British ships. After hours of fierce fighting, Argonauta fell silent and closed her gunports, but before Achille could accept her surrender, her French namesake Achille, 74, moved in to engage the British ship. After exchanging broadsides, the French ship sailed on and was replaced on the starboard side by the Berwick, 74, and for the next hour and a quarter she lay close alongside Achille, receiving a pounding that eventually forced her to surrender with over 250 casualties - almost half her crew. Achille took possession, and transferred some of her crew back on board as prisoners. Achille suffered 13 killed and 59 wounded in the battle, in stark comparison to the heavy losses she inflicted on her French and Spanish adversaries.
She continued in active service until 1815, when she was decommissioned at Chatham, and laid up at Sheerness. She survived in this state until 1865, when she was sold for £3,600 to be broken up.
James Richardson aged 27 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Belleisle
There is a strong possibility that James Richardson died on 30 November 1868, aged 88, (death registered in Lambeth. Having deserted HMS Courageux, he is believed to have worked as a warehouseman and married Ann (Nancy) Watts in 1810. Together they had nine children. Jemimah Thirza Richardson (born 7 September 1811, Peckham, London, England; married Benjamin Hawkins on 23 September 1847 at St Mark's Church, Kennington; died 16 January 1903. James Richardson (born 2 Sept 1813). Ann Richardson (born 31 March 1815, Lambeth, London, England; died 14 June 1880). Jane Richardson (born 19 May 1817; died 7 February 1891). Elizabeth (Betsy) Richardson (born 12 December 1819; married R Higgins; died 1874). Mary Ann Richardson (born 4 Jan 1821, Westminster, London, England; married Samuel Hawkins). James Richardson (born 1 August 1823; died March 1826). Solomon Richardson (born 1 August 1823). Thomas Edward Richardson (born 8 December 1824; died 14 May 1889).
Comments: From HMS Zealand, volunteer.
HMS Madras
24 January 1798 to 26 September 1800
Rank/rating: Landsman
Comments: Lent HMS Gladiator 27 September-3 November 1800
4 November 1800 to 31 November 1800
Comments: Lent to HMS Leda 1-12 December 1800.
13 December 1800 to 16 May 1803
HMS Belleisle
Ship's pay book number: (SLVO 93)
17 May 1803 to 4 September 1804
Rank/rating: Supernumerary
HMS Aetna
5 September 1804 to 19 September 1804
20 September 1804 to 23 April 1805
26 May 1805 to 16 December 1805 (Was at Trafalgar)
HMS London
17 December 1805 to 7 July 1807
8 July 1807 to 26 June 1809
HMS Courageux
27 June 1809 to 1 July 1809
2 July 1809 to 14 July 1809
15 July 1809 to 9 January 1810
Comments: James Richardson deserted HMS Courageux on 9 January 1810 at Deal.
HMS Belleisle was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built at Rochefort for the French Navy, and initially named Lion. She was later renamed Marat, and then Formidable, with the changing fortunes of the French Revolution.
She was captured on 23 June 1795 at the Battle of Groix, near the French port of Lorient. She was taken into service in the Royal Navy, but because the Navy already had a Formidable, she was renamed Belleisle, apparently in the mistaken belief that she had been captured off Belle Île, rather than the Île de Groix.
Captained by William Hargood, she was the first ship in the British lee column at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, and as such was engaged by the French ships Achille, Aigle, Neptune and Fougueux. She was soon completely dismasted (the only British ship which suffered that fate), unable to manœuvre and largely unable to fight, as her sails blinded her batteries, but kept flying her flag for 45 minutes until the British ships behind her in the column came to her rescue. With 33 dead and 93 wounded, she was then towed to Gibraltar after the battle by the frigate HMS Naiad.
From 1811 she was in Portsmouth harbour, and in 1814 the decision was taken to have her broken up.
Benjamin Snood, Able Bodied Seaman
Ben Snood served for two years in the Royal Navy. He was born in 1777 and died in Wivenhoe in 1837 at the age of 60 years. What is believed to be his (and his wife Elizabeth's) gravestone was re-discovered by Ben's great great great great grandson, Brian Rose, at St Mary the Virgin Church in Wivenhoe.
EG 27 Apr 2007.
'Ben Snood' was in fact Benjamin Clover SNOOD. He was born 23rd December 1777 & baptised 11th Jan 1778 at St Mary the Virgin, Wivenhoe, the son of William SNOOD, a Master Mariner & Boat Builder of Wivenhoe, and Ruth nee Clover.
Benjamin married, in 1800, Elizabeth Carter at Wivenhoe and they had 5 children, Brian Rose being descended from the eldest child, Sarah. Benjamin was also a Mariner and died 27th October 1837, aged 59. His gravestone is in St Mary the Virgin church, Wivenhoe; he is named on this stone, along with his wife (who died in 1839) by his initials:
B.C.S. (Benjamin Clover Snood) & wife E.S. (Elizabeth Snood)
It is believed that he was in the Royal Navy for a lot longer than the 2 years as stated in the papers. He was aboard the ship 'Calcutta' in 1804 - until 16th Sept 1805.
Information from the Muster Rolls - Pay Books
Ref: National Archives ADM 36/16549
The Calcutta, was a 4th Rate late Indiaman purchased 1795 & disposed of 26th Sept 1805
From the Naval database it says that:
3rd Aug 1805 sailed from St Helena with a convoy. 25th Sept sighted the Rochefort squadron. 26th Sept captured by the Rochefort squadron.
Benjamin Snood was aboard the Swiftsure at the Battle of Trafalgar & his pay book number was SB 162.
Information provided by: Janice Rose (Mrs)
The above picture is of Ben and Elizabeth's gravestone (May 2007), simply laid down in an unkempt area of the church grounds.
A fitting tribute to a Trafalgar hero?
HMS SWIFTSURE
Launched in 1804 at Bucklers Hard. Was a 74-gun 3rd rate ship of the line which fought at Trafalgar. It was a myth at the time that the Swiftsure sailed faster at night. She was sold in 1845.
The French ship Swiftsure also took part in the battle. She was Initially HMS Swiftsure, she was a 74-gun ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Deptford in 1787 under plans by engineer Wells. She was captured by the French ships Indivisible and Dix-Août in the Mediterranean on the 24 June 1801. She fought on the French side at the Battle of Trafalgar, where she was re-captured by the British, on the 21 October 1805. She was recommissioned in the Royal Navy as HMS Irresistible, since another British Swiftsure had been built since, and was used as a prison ship. She was scrapped in Chatham in 1816.
Samuel Twaits, Ordinary Seaman. WOUNDED
Samuel Twaits? aged 37 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Minotaur
HMS Minotaur
HMS Minotaur was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line launched in 1793 named for the mythological bull-headed monster of Crete.
The ship fought at the Battle of the Nile in 1798, engaging the Aquilon with HMS Theseus and forcing her surrender, an operation which cost Minotaur 23 sailors dead and 64 wounded. She was present at the landings in Aboukir Bay during the invasion of Egypt in 1801 where she lost four men, and was finally present at the Battle of Trafalgar under Captain Charles John Moore Mansfield, where she was instrumental in capturing the Spanish ship Neptuno. During her career, she also managed to capture the French frigate Franchise, as well as attack shipping outside Genoa, Algeciras and Fredricksham in Russia.
Whilst sailing from Gothenburg to Britain, she struck the Haak Bank on the Texel off the Netherlands in the evening of 22 December 1810, after becoming separated from her consorts, HMS Plantagentet and HMS Loire. She rolled on her side rapidly, where waves dismasted her and pounded her hull which began to split. Prior to the roll, 110 of her crew had taken to her boats and soon reached shore, where they informed the Dutch authorities of the disaster. The authorities however placed the survivors under custody and refused to dispatch any rescue vessels until the following morning. The rescue party found however that apart from four men who reached shore by clinging to wreckage, no survivors remained on the vessel or in the surrounding water, with the death toll being between 370 and 500[1].
Three and a half years later, when the prisoners were released, the customary court martial decided that the deceased pilots were to blame for steering the ship into an unsafe position, having misjudged their location by over 60 miles because of the weather. The Dutch authorities were highly criticised for their failure to despatch rescue boats sooner.
James Wilson aged 21 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
HMS Dreadnought
HMS Dreadnought was a 98 gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was launched at Portsmouth at midday on Saturday, 13 May 1801, after 13 years on the stocks. She was the first man of war launched since the Act of Union 1800 created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and at her head displayed a lion couchant on a scroll bearing the Royal arms as emblazoned on the Standard.
The launching was a spectacle; it was reported that at least 10,000 people witnessed Commissioner Sir Charles Saxton break a bottle of wine over her stem, and that after the launch Sir Charles gave a most sumptuous cold collation to the nobility and officers of distinction.
After the launch, Dreadnought was brought into dock for coppering, and a great number of people went on board to view her. The following day, due to the exertions of Mr Peake, the builder, and the artificers of the dockyard, she was completely coppered in six hours and on Monday morning she went out of dock for rigging and fitting.
Her first commander was Captain James Vashon. After cruising for some time in the Channel he proceeded off Cádiz and Minorca where he continued until the summer of 1802.
Her first master was Mr. Banks followed by Joseph Foss Dessiou (1769–1853), who was paid off on 15 July 1802.
In 1803, Captain Edward Brace briefly took command as Flag-Captain to William Cornwallis, until he was relieved that same year by Captain John Child Purvis.
Purvis served under the orders of Admiral Cornwallis until he was promoted to Rear Admiral in April 1804. The next commander until August was Robert Carthen Reynolds. He was superseded that month by George Reynolds, who, in turn, was replaced in December that year by Edward Rotheram, who stayed as flag captain to Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood until just before Trafalgar. The winter gale weather off the French coast badly damaged five of the major warships maintaining the blockade. Dreadnought lost most of her powder when water poured into the magazine.
In the spring of 1805, Admiral Cornwallis was replaced by an ailing Lord Gardner who allowed the close blockade to be slackened. On 30 March the French fleet escaped from Toulon and reached Cádiz on 9 April. The French and Spanish squadrons sailed separately from there and joined forces in Martinique on 26 May. On 15 May Collingwood and his squadron of seven ships received orders from the Admiralty to sail for Barbados. Before they could depart; however, Horatio Nelson arrived from the Mediterranean Sea in pursuit of the French, and Dreadnought proceeded to Cádiz for Collingwood to command a close blockade there. Early in October 1805 Captain John Conn assumed command of Dreadnought, after having brought Royal Sovereign out from England for Vice Admiral Collingwood. Collingwood and Rotheram then moved to the newly recoppered first rate on the 10th of October 1805, leaving Conn in command of the now sluggish Dreadnought, with her barnacled hull badly in need of careening, but nevertheless with a well exercised ship's company, who for months having been under Collingwoods watchful eye, now contained the most efficient gun crews in the fleet.
At the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805, Dreadnought was the eighth ship in the lee division to enter the action. She started firing on San Juan Nepomuceno at two o'clock and fifteen minutes later ran her on board and forced her to surrender after her valiant Spanish commander Commodore Cosme Damian de Churruca y Elorza had been killed in action. She then attempted to engage Principe de Asturias but the Spanish ship hauled off. During the battle Dreadnought lost seven killed and 26 wounded.
Dreadnought continued to patrol the Channel and the Baltic for another seven years, until 1812, when she was taken out of commission at Portsmouth. In 1827, she became a lazaretto (quarantine ship) at Milford on Sea and became the second of the ships used by the Seamen's Hospital Society, between 1831 to 1857, as a hospital ship for ex-members of the Merchant navy or fishing fleet, and their dependants. HMS Dreadnought was broken up in 1857 with the infirmary transferring to the Caledonia, which was renamed Dreadnought. In 1870 the infirmary transferred onto land as the Seamen's Dreadnought Hospital at the Royal Greenwich Hospital, and since 1986 as the 'Dreadnought Unit' at St Thomas's Hospital. In addition, the Seamen's Dreadnought Hospital provided in 1919 the foundation for the UK's dedicated Hospital for Tropical Diseases.
John King aged 24 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Defiance
HMS DEFIANCE
HMS Defiance was a 74 gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built in 1783 by Randall and Co., at Rotherhithe on the River Thames.
Her crew mutinied three times, in October 1795 (then commanded by Captain Sir George Horne). HMS Calcutta, Captain William Bligh commanding, was ordered to embark 200 troops and take them alongside in order for the troops to board Defiance and regain control. The threat of the soldiers ended the mutiny. Defiance also mutinied in 1797 [1] and 1798 [2].
She fought at the Battle of Copenhagen on April 2, 1801, as the flagship of Rear Admiral Sir Thomas Graves, and commanded by Captain Richard Retalick. She also participated in the Battle of Cape Finisterre on July 22, 1805, and the Battle of Trafalgar on October 21, whilst under the command of Captain Philip Charles Durham, who claimed that 'she was the fastest 74 gun ship in the British fleet'. In the latter battle she captured the Spanish San Juan Nepomuceno and sustained casualties of 17 killed, 53 wounded.
After serving as a prison ship at Chatham from 1813, she was broken up in 1817.
James Weir, Ordinary Seaman. BAPTISED, ST LEONARDS, COLCHESTER, 1.8.1774
Ship: HMS Phoebe
Comments: From: Gibraltar volr
HMS Phoebe
John Jolly aged 20 born in Colchester, , Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Defence
HMS Defence
The "Defence," commanded by Captain George Hope, took part in the battle of Trafalgar. The "Defence," as fourteenth ship of the lee column, was very late in getting into action. She first engaged the French "Berwick" and then attacked the Spanish "San Ildefonso, 148; which struck after an hour's action. The "Defence" lost 7 killed and 29 wounded. On December 24th, 1811, after some minor services in the Baltic, the "Defence," commanded by Captain David Atkins, was wrecked and lost on the coast of Jutland, 593 men being lost out of 597.
Quartermaster's mate. "PRESSED" KILLED IN ACTION
Thomas Middleton aged 60 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Neptune
Rank/Rating: Quartermaster's Mate
Died 21 October 1805
Killed in action.
HMS Neptune
Ship's pay book number: (SB 1164)
Rank/rating: Quartergunner
7 May 1805 to 21 October 1805
HMS Neptune (1797 at Deptford) was a 98-gun 2nd rate ship of the line which fought at the Battle of Trafalgar. Commanded by Captain Thomas Fremantle, she played an important role in the battle, stationed third in the weather line, behind the flagship Victory and the Temeraire. After the battle, it was the Neptune that towed the crippled Victory, bearing Nelson's body, back to Gibraltar.
Combatants at Trafalgar also included the French ship Neptune and the Spanish ship Neptuno.
Neptune served as the flagship for Rear Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane leading the fleet that captured the French colony of Martinique in the West Indies in 1809.
She was the second of nine ships to bear the name Neptune. She was laid up in ordinary in 1810 and broken up 1818.
Bacchus Winden aged 46 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Polyphemus
Comments: From: Royal William late Ganges
HMS Polyphemus
HMS Polyphemus, 64, a third-rate ship of the line, was the first ship of the Royal Navy named for Polyphemus the Cyclops.
She was laid down and Sheerness in 1782 and was commissioned in 1799 under the command of Captain G. Lumsdaine. She sailed from Yarmouth on 9 August 1800 with a squadron under Vice Admiral Dickson in Monarch bound for Denmark. Because of lack of wind the faster sailing vessels had to tow the slower ones and it was 15 August before they reached the Skaw. The next day the whole squadron advanced as far as the mouth of the Sound where the Danes had anchored three 74-gun ships, later increased to four, between Cronberg Castle and the Swedish shore. Because of gales the Admiral sheltered his squadron in Elsinor Roads then went in Romney as far as Sophienburg to talk with Lord Whitworth who was negotiating with the Danish ministers. When matters were resolved the squadron returned to Yarmouth in September.
In 1801, under the command of Captain John Lawford, Polyphemus was with the fleet which bombarded Copenhagen on 2 April. Polyphemus lost Mr. James Bell the midshipman, four seamen and one marine. Mr. Edward Burr the boatswain, twenty seamen and four marines wounded were wounded. The division of the North Sea fleet commanded by Admiral Graves in Polyphemus returned to Yarmouth from the Baltic Sea on 13 July and then sailed to join Admiral Dickson's squadron blockading the Dutch fleet in the Texel. (It included Veteran, Ruby, Otter, Vesuvius, Bruiser, Cracker, Hasty, Teazer, Pioncher, Alecto, Sulphur, Explosion, Speedwell, Queen, Speculator, and Espiegle.)
In 1805, Captain Robert Redmill took command of Polyphemus off Cadiz. Later that year, she took part in the Battle of Trafalgar.
In July 1806 she was with Lord St. Vincent's squadron off Ushant and on 14 July her boats, together with others of the squadron, were taken by the Iris to Sir Samuel Hood in Indefatigable off Rochefort to attack two French corvettes and a convoy at the entrance to the Garonne. The weather on 15 July appeared suitable for the attempt but after the boats left a strong wind blew up and although they managed to capture the 18-gun brig Caesar they could not prevent the convoy escaping up river. The greater part of the boats were either shot through or so badly stove in that they were swamped, and had to be cut adrift from the brig as she was brought out under fire from the batteries and ex-British Teaser brig. The casualties from Polyphemus were William Anderson, Quarter Master's Mate, who was cut across the hand, and W. Fleming, Coxswain, who was cut across the eyebrow.
In 1807 Polyphemus, under the command of Captain P. Heywood, became the flagship of Rear Admiral Murray, South America.
In 1808, under the command of Captain W. Price Cumby (another Trafalgar veteran), she became the flagship of Vice Admiral B.S. Rowley. In July she sailed for Jamaica, convoying a large fleet of merchantmen, for the Vice Admiral to take up his appointment. Since he resided on shore with his flag in Shark, Polyphemus was able to undertake cruises against the enemy. On the morning of 14 November he detached his boats under Lieutenant Joseph Daly in the barge to chase a schooner attempting to enter the harbour at San Domingo. An hour later she was boarded and carried under a hail of grape and musketry in which marine Samuel Crompton was killed and proved to be the French national schooner Colibry of three carriage guns commanded by Lieutenant Deyrisse with 63 men.
In June 1809 Captain Cumby was appointed to command a squadron consisting of Polyphemus, Aurora, Tweed, Sparrow, Thrush, Griffin, Lark, Moselle, Fleur-de-Mer and Pike. They sailed from Port Royal on 7 June with troops under Major General Carmichael to assist the Spanish forces besieging the French in the city of San Domingo. On 1 July Polyphemus anchored at Caleta and loaded eight of her lower deck guns into the Sparrow sloop to be landed at Palenqui for the use of the batteries to the westward of the town. Two of the guns were then transported by Captain Burt of Sparrow from Andre Bay to the east battery, nearly 30 miles across almost impassable country. The French garrison surrendered on 6 July.
Captain Cumby was appointed to Hyperion in March 1811 and was succeeded by Captain T. Graves then Captain Douglas. Polyphemus paid off at Chatham in November 1812.
Landsman
Henry Roofe aged 21 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Agamemnon
HMS Agamemnon
21 September 1804 to 29 January 1807 (Was at Trafalgar)
Comments: DSQ 29 Jan 1807 Argonaut Hospital Ship, Chatham
13 February 1807 to 7 August 1809
HMS Elizabeth
John Wales aged 20 born in Colchester, Essex, England.
Ship: HMS Ajax
Died 16 November 1805
drowned at sea.
Comments: From: see former books
HMS Ajax
1 March 1805 to 16 November 1805 (Was at Trafalgar)
HMS Ajax, launched in 1798, was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She fought at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. During the battle she assisted Orion in forcing the surrender of the French seventy-four Intrépide.
The Ajax was destroyed in an accidental fire while serving in the Dardanelles in 1807 as part of a squadron under Admiral Sir John Duckworth
Lieutenant JOHN MAPLE
BAP. HOLY TRINITY, COL. 2.1.1770, BECAME REAR ADMIRAL. J F Maples C.B. entered the service in 1782 as a captain's servant.. Master's mate in 1789, lieutenant in 1794, First lieutenant at Trafalgar. Commander 1810, C.B. 1815, retired Rear Admiral 1846, died 1847 Kilburn. Other information known.
HMS NAIAD
HMS Naiad was built by Hall and Co. at Limehouse on the Thames, launched in 1797 and commissioned in 1798.
On 15 October 1799 Naiad sighted two Spanish frigates, the Santa Brigada and Thetis, which were returning from Mexico to Spain with gold worth £600,000. She gave chase with two other British frigates, HMS Ethalian and HMS Almene. Ethalian caught and captured the Thetis, whilst Naiad and Almene captured the Santa Brigada.
In 1805 Naiad was part of the squadron of frigates that watched the French and Spanish fleets in Cadiz prior to the Battle of Trafalgar. Too small to take part in the battle itself, she lay winward of the action. After the battle she towed HMS Belleisle to Gibraltar.
Served in many other actions in the Napoleonic Wars, and was finally paid off in 1826.
Naiad was sent to serve as a depot ship, first to Valparaiso, Chile in 1846 and then to Callao, Peru from 1851 and 1898. Broken up in 1898 Naiad was the longest survivor of any of the British ships at Trafalgar apart from HMS Victory.
Lieutenant THOMAS PINTO (became Captain)
Born in Colsterworth, BAPTISED, ALL SAINTS, COLCHESTER. 4th Feb 1774 the son of Thomas and Mary Pinto, joined the ship aged 31 on 6th Jan 1805, promoted to lieutenant in 1805, DIED NOV. 1851, BURIED AT HOLY TRINITY, PCC will PROB 11/2146 proved 23rd Jan 1852 described as of Colchester and Captain RN. Other info known of medals, prizemoney, etc.
His grave stone was restored in 2005 although, sadly, as a result of the cleaning, the inscription is barely legible now. From a book of monumental inscription transcriptions, held in the Colchester Library, and from the 1841 and 1851 censuses, we are able to confirm the following information. This contradicts the above record in that the gravestone states that he was born in Colsterworth (Lincolnshire) but that the 1851 census says he was born in Cambridge. So, what are we led to believe?
An inscription to Thomas and Elizabeth has been added onto the altar style tomb of Henry Topping MD, who died in 1819. The inscription reads:
to the memory of
Thomas Pinto Esq.
Captain in Her Majesty's
Born at Colsterworth
died at Colchester
also of
Catherine Elizabeth
his wife
who died October 18th 1858
Aged 72
The 1841 census shows Thomas and his wife Catherine living in Lion Walk. He was aged 69, with a profession of 'Royal Navy' and she is aged 53. Three Noone children and one servant were living with them. By 1851 he is shown again in Lion Walk, living with Catherine and his Noone niece and nephew. He is aged 78, a Captain R.N. on half pay, born in Cambridge. Catherine is shown as having been deaf and as being born in Colchester. Thomas' niece, Lucinda Noone, was recorded as an orphan.
Each year, Colchester remembers those men of Colchester who fought at the Battle of Trafalgar. The following picture shows the Worshipful the Mayor of the Borough of Colchester, Councillor Ray Gamble, laying a wreath at Captain Pinto's tomb, accompanied by Colchester's Sea Cadets, the vicar of Old Heath, Bob Russell, MP for Colchester, and other personages. This was commemorated on Saturday 20th October 2007.
The Agamemnon was a 3rd rate ship of the line,one of seven ships built to the same design, drawn by the same naval architect that designed the famous Victory, Sir Thomas Slade. Agamemnon was the third to be built in the class, the first two being Ardent in 1762 and Raisonnable, laid down in 1763. Third was Agamemnon, followed by Belliqueux in 1778, Stately in 1779, Indefatigable in 1781 and finally the Nassau in 1783.
Agamemnon was laid down at Bucklers Hard in May 1777 and launched on the 10th April 1781. Her dimensions were as follows;
Gun deck - 160 feet 2 inches
Keel- 131 feet 10 1/4 inches
Beam - 44 feet 5 inches
Tonnage - 1384 tons
Guns;
Twenty-six, twenty-four pounder - Gun deck.
Twenty-six, eighteen pounder - Upper deck.
Twelve, nine pounder - Quarterdeck.
Complement - 491 officers and ratings.
A Third Rate ship of the line like Agamemnon was an expensive warship to build. The construction of the ship's hull with yards and masts fitted cost the Admiralty £20,579 (in today's terms, approximately £12 million), a figure that did not include ordnance, sails, hemp, copper plating and other hardware.
For three of the most crucial decades in British naval history, Agamemnon always seemed to be at the centre of the action, having no less than eleven battle honours.
Agamemnon's maiden voyage was on 9th July 1781 under the command of Captain Caldwell. Her first engagement was at the battle of Ushant on 12th December 1781 where the British fleet under Rear Admiral Kempenfelt defeated the French fleet and captured a significant number of ships, including the convoy the French were escorting. Agamemnon's next major engagement was at the Battle of The Saints on 12th April 1782 where Rodney and Lord Hood's fleet defeated Comte de Grasse's French fleet.
On 7th January 1793, Nelson learned from Lord Hood that he had been chosen to command his first ship of the line, the Agamemnon. Although initially disappointed that he had not been given command of a 74, Nelson soon grew fond of Agamemnon. Nelson wrote to his wife, Fanny. She was, he said, "Without exception one of the finest ships in the fleet, with the character of sailing most remarkably well". He also wrote after twelve days in a storm in the Mediterranean in "Gales and lumping seas but in Agamemnon we mind them not; she is the finest ship I ever sailed in, and were she a 74, nothing should induce me to leave her while the war lasts". Even a French Commander Admiral Alemand expressed the view that Agamemnon was one of the fastest ships in the British Navy. That, coupled with Nelson's inspirational command made her a very potent fighting unit.
Nelson commanded Agamemnon, or "eggs and bacon" as her crew affectionately called her, until 10th June 1796. In that time Nelson had proved to be a great Commander, tactically and physically.
It was during his command of Agamemnon that Nelson lost the sight of his right eye. When at the Siege of Calvi in 1794 during the morning of 10th July, Nelson was hit in the face and chest by splinters, stones and sand that were thrown up by an enemy shell that hit a battlement during a shore action. On 13th June 1796, Nelson's broad pennant was transferred to the 74 gun Captain at anchor in San-Fiorenza bay. He watched the worn out Agamemnon sail to England for a much-needed refit. She was refitted from the bottom up at Chatham. When re-commissioned in 1797 she was ordered to join Admiral Duncan's squadron off Yarmouth, which was keeping watch on the coast of Holland. She was immediately caught up in the naval mutinies of that year. Agamemnon was however considered untrustworthy by Richard Parker the leader of the Nore mutineers and had the guns of the mutinous ships trained on her to ensure she did not 'blackleg'. Subsequently in the proceedings that followed all thirteen of Agamemnon's crew who were tried were pardoned.
Agamemnon's next major fleet engagement was the battle of Copenhagen on the 21st April 1801. Unfortunately she was grounded on a shoal for most of the action, but Nelson won the battle and a truce with Denmark was negotiated. On the 21st October 1805 Agamemnon took part in the battle of Trafalgar. When Nelsons favorite ship hove in sight a week before, with Nelsons old friend Sir Edward Berry in command of the Agamemnon, Nelson was delighted "Here comes that damned fool Berry! Now we shall have a battle."
Later in Agamemnon's career, she served in the West Indies, taking part in the battle of Santo Domingo, and then in South American waters. Agamemnon was wrecked in Maldonado Bay off the coast of Uruguay on the 16th June 1809. Divers discovered the remains of HMS Agamemnon on the bottom of Maldonado Bay, after a six-year search by marine archaeologists. Strewn around the site are hundreds of copper plate, as well as a 24 pounder cannon, parts of the pumping devices as well as a significant amount of shot, bolts and copper nails. Also discovered was a silver pocket seal, complete with fob chain. On its face of translucent stone it bore a star shaped emblem with the name 'Nelson' in mirror image incised in a curve above.
http://www.model-dockyard.com/caldercraft/agamemnon.htm
Private REDMOND ABBOTT
Private RM
Born in Colchester, MARRIED 1st February 1800, ST MARY MAGDALEN, COLCHESTER, to Ann Williams, spinster, enlisted 9th May 1800 with the trade of labourer, joined the ship 8th May 1805 aged 24. Died 1st Nov 1811 on the Argonaut Hospital Ship. He had dark brown hair, a fair complexion, grey eyes and was 5' 8"
Listed as Richard Abbott in National Archives
HMS REVENGE
HMS Revenge, launched in 1805, was a third-rate of 74 guns. Newly commissioned, and captained by Robert Moorsom, she fought at the Battle of Trafalgar. She sailed in Collingwood's column.
Revenge served until 1842, being broken up in 1849. She was one of the first warships of the Royal Navy to be painted with the Nelson Checker.
Private JOHN FEAKES
Private RM WOUNDED IN ACTION
HMS TEMERAIRE
HMS Temeraire was a 98-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched in 1798 at Chatham, which fought at the Battle of Trafalgar. She was named after the French 74-gun ship taken at the Battle of Lagos (1759), following the British custom of naming new ships after old prizes.
At Trafalgar under the command of Eliab Harvey, she was next astern to Victory, Temeraire was badly damaged as she fought to relieve Nelson's flagship. During the battle, Temeraire helped force the surrender of the French ship Redoutable and captured the French ship Fougueux.
She became famous as the subject of two paintings by J. M. W. Turner, one showing her at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, the other showing her being towed to the breaker's yard in 1838.
Temeraire served as a prison ship from 1812–1815 and as a receiving ship until 1836 when she was briefly recommissioned. She was broken up in 1838, and some of her timbers were used to build a communion table and two bishop's chairs in St. Mary's Church, Rotherhithe.
Sergeant GEORGE LYES
Sergeant RM
HMS Phoebe was a 36-gun fifth-rate frigate of the British Royal Navy.
She was launched in 1795 at Deptford on the Thames. During the initial stages of her career, Phoebe saw active service in the Mediterranean, capturing the French 36-gun Nereide in 1797. On 19 February 1801 she encountered the French 40-gun L'Africaine, which was intending to transport 400 troops as reinforcements for a French invasion force in Egypt. L'Africaine surrendered to the Phoebe after sustaining heavy casualties.
The Phoebe was involved in the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, commanded by Captain The Hon. Thomas Bladen Capel. She saw further service after Trafalgar, including in the Pacific and the War of 1812 against the United States. While operating in the Pacific against American ships, Phoebe, in company with the sloop-of-war Cherub, under the command of Captain James Hillyar who had orders to capture the USS Essex "at all costs", captured the 36-gun USS Essex in Valparaíso on 28 March 1814.
Phoebe became a hulk in 1826 and was sold for breaking up in 1841.
OTHER MEN
James MARTIN of Wivenhoe
James Martin wrote a fascinating account of his experiences at the Battle of Trafalgar. A transcript of it is shown here.
We are hoping to find out a little of the lives of each of those named, especially any descendants of those listed.
The Battle of Trafalgar
The English fleet consisted of 27 ships, 4 frigates, and 2 small craft under Vice-Admiral Lord Nelson with his flag in "Victory." The Franco-Spanish fleet consisted of 33 ships, 5 frigates, and 2 small craft under Vice-Admiral Villeneuve and Admiral Don Frederico Gravina. At daybreak the enemy were discovered 11 miles to leeward. The British fleet stood down to the attack in two lines, and the French opened fire on the leader of the lee line at noon. At 12.10 Vice-Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood broke the enemy's line and at 1p.m. Lord Nelson did the same. As soon as the light wind permitted, the remaining British ships came up and engaged, and by 1.30 the battle was at its height.
At 1.25p.m. Lord Nelson was mortally wounded while walking the "Victory's" quarter-deck with his flag-captain, and by 3p.m. the firing had diminished. At 4.40p.m. Having learned of the completeness victory, the British Commander-in-Chief quietly and without a struggle ceased to breathe. By 5p.m. the fight was over, the fleet being 8 miles N.W. by W. of Trafalgar. The British lost 449 killed, which included Vice-Admiral Lord Nelson, 2 captains, and 34 officers; and 1241 wounded which included 106 officers. The British ships suffered severely in the hulls, and many were wholly or partially dismasted. The Franco-Spaniards lost 18 ships captured, of which 1 blew up. It appears that the enemy lost about 7000 killed and wounded, which included two admirals and seven captains killed. The remainder of the allied fleet managed to escape, and six months afterwards the French commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, died at Rennes (it is said by his own hands), and was buried without military honours. Of the 17 prizes 2 sank, 6 were wrecked and lost in a storm after the battle, 2 were burned, and 1 was destroyed.
One of the most decisive battles in the history of the Royal Navy, Nelson's defeat of the French fleet took place on 21st October 1805 off Cape Trafalgar and was conducted with not a single British ship lost, although few ships escaped severe punishment. Loss of life on both sides was tragically high.
The British fleet were. HMS Victory, HMS Britannia, Temeraire, Neptune, Conqueror, Leviathan, Ajax, Orion, Minotaur, Spartiate, Agamemnon, Africa, Royal Sovereign, Prince of Wales, Dreadnaught, Tonnant, Mars, Polyphemus, Belle Isle, Bellerophon, Colossus, Defiance, Achilles, Revenge, Swiftsure, Defence, Thunderer. 27 ships.
British Line of Battle
Weather Column
Lee Column
Temeraire
Bellisle
Tonnant
Swiftsure
(Supported by the frigates HMS Phoebe and HMS Naiad).
Battle of Trafalgar Casualty List
Killed/Wounded
Capt. Thomas Masterman Hardy
Capt. Eliab Harvey
Capt Thomas Francis Freemantle
Capt Henry William Bayntun
Capt Charles Bullen
Conquerer
Capt Israel Pellew
Capt Henry Digby
Capt Sir Edward Berry
Lieut John Pilford
Capt Edward Codrington
Capt Charles John Moore Mansfield
Capt Sir Francis Laforey
Capt Edward Rotheram
Belleisle
Capt William Hargood
Capt George Duff
Capt Charles Tyler
Capt John Cooke
Capt James Nichol Morris
Capt Richard King
Capt John Conn
Capt Robert Redmill
Capt Robert Moorsom
Capt William Gordon Rutherford
Capt Philip Charles Durham
Lieut John Stockham
Capt George Hope
Capt Richard Grindall
Euryalis
Capt Hon Henry Blackwood
Capt Thomas Dundas
Capt Hon Thomas Bladen Capell
Capt William Prowse
Lieut John Richards La Penotiere
Entreprenante
Lieut Robert Benjamin Young
If you can help with additional information, please contact us by email.
From which much of the above information has been taken.
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/trafalgarancestors/
http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk
http://www.nelsonsnavy.co.uk/battle-of-trafalgar.html
This page hosted by:
Page created
revised 1st August 2015


text:
Les Irlando-Terreneuviens sont des Irlandais ou des personnes d'ascendance irlandaise vivant dans la province canadienne de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador.

Histoire
Contrairement aux Irlandais en Ontario, les catholiques irlandais terre-neuviens s'installèrent dans les villes (principalement Saint-Jean), tandis que les protestants britanniques s'installèrent dans de petites communautés de pêcheurs. Avec le temps, les catholiques irlandais devinrent plus riches que leurs voisins protestants, ce qui poussa les terre-neuviens protestants à se joindre à l'Ordre d'Orange. En 1903 sir William Coaker fonda le Fisherman's Protective Union (F.P.U.), un parti politique de gauche presque exclusivement protestant, dans le Orange Lodge de Herring Neck. De plus, durant le mandat du gouvernement de commission (1934 à 1949), le Orange Lodge était l'une des seules organisations « démocratiques » existantes dans le Dominion de Terre-Neuve. Après que le Dominion se fut effondré en 1934, le territoire redevint une colonie britannique. En 1948 un référendum fut tenu à Terre-Neuve pour déterminer la direction de la colonie. Les Irlandais, catholiques, appuyaient l'indépendance terre-neuvienne, tandis que les protestants prônaient plutôt que la colonie intègre la confédération canadienne. À la suite de ce référendum, Terre-Neuve devint une province canadienne par 52 % contre 48 %. Suivant la disparition de l'industrie de pêche à la morue de la côte est dans les années 1990, beaucoup de protestants s'installèrent à Saint-Jean, et les principaux problèmes marquèrent plus une opposition campagnes contre villes qu'une opposition religieuse.

Les noms de famille d'origine irlandaise sont courants à Terre-Neuve : Walsh, Power, Murphy, Ryan, Whelan, Phelan, O'Brien, Kelly, Hanton, Neville, Bambrick, Halley, Dillon, Byrne et Fitzgerald. Les noms de lieux irlandais sont moins répandus, la plupart des lieux de l'ile ayant déjà reçus des noms par les premiers explorateurs français et anglais. Néanmoins, des noms comme Ballyhack, Cappahayden, Kilbride, St. Bride's, Port Kirwan et Kibereen témoignent tous d'antécédents irlandais.

En plus de leurs noms traditionnels, les Irlandais importèrent aussi avec eux leur langue maternelle. Terre-Neuve est l'un des rares endroits hors de l'Irlande où la langue irlandaise fut parlée par une majorité de la population comme langue principale. Terre-Neuve est le seul endroit hors de l'Europe qui possède son propre nom distinct en irlandais, Talamh an Éisc.

Personnalité irlando-terreneuvien
 Alan Doyle, chanteur leader du groupe de musique celtique Great Big Sea.

Groupe ethnique au Canada
Diaspora irlandaise
Diaspora irlandaise au Canada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Luangta Maha Bua was famous for his talks (desanas), Those which have been translated into English or German and compiled into various books are available here, as are translations of the books he wrote himself. The site also contains a range of other resources, such as DVDs, mp3 copies of Luangta's talks in English, and photos of Luangta Maha Bua, his relics, Baan Taad Forest Monastery and more.
Newly added items, and general information can be found in the News Section.
Information about Luangta and his monastery can be found in the Luangta section.
Books, audio CDs, and DVDs can be found in the Download section.
Definitions of common Thai words, a Pali Glossary, and other reference information can be found in the Reference section.
and should not be sold like goods in a market place."


The site of Lady Well in Killyon is typical of the sites of holy wells in the Boyne valley. There is a tumulus nearby which shows that the place was of importance in pagan times. The site of Lady Well in Killyon had probably been an important chief's residence at the time of St Patrick, and was donated to Liadhán, a young kinswoman of the chief, who founded a convent there and built a church. When the Normans came they built their own monastery on the Celtic site. (If it wasn't derelict by that time, they would have simply driven the monks out). The Normans maintained a succession of dwellings, castles and other strong houses there during the Middle Ages.
In Cromwellian times power passed from the Ricards to new settlers who enclosed the demesne and built the manor house. A church of the new religion took the place of an ancient church beside the pagan tumulus, and the successors to the Norman monks crept back to a secluded spot where they hoped to escape the vigour of the Penal Laws. They ministered in secret until the Catholic Church was able to reorganise its parishes in the late eighteenth century. Then the Dominicans of Donore became the first pastors to minister in the thatched chapels of Longwood, Killyon and Ballivor.
There are ruins of an old monastery and graveyard at Lady Well where the annual ceremonies take place on 15 August.
Lady Well at Slane is well recorded and is reputed to have changed location when attempts were made to seal it. Usually it is said that when the well was desecrated by someone washing dogs in it, or when it was closed up by a Protestant landowner to prevent pilgrimages, it would spring up in another location nearby.
The rational explanation may be that underground watercourses change for natural reasons, and that supernatural causes were resorted to account for what appeared incomprehensible.
Image | The womblike approach to the Lady Well with the Boyne River to the right.


text:
Пикули — деревня в Большесосновском районе Пермского края. Входит в состав Полозовского сельского поселения. Упоминается в источниках с 1801 как «починок Пикулев, он же Верх речки Шестой».

Географическое положение
Расположена на берегах реки Большой Ключ, в месте, где она впадает в реку Шестая.

Население

Улицы
 Героя ул.
 Заречная ул

Топографические карты

Примечания

Населённые пункты Большесосновского района


Scarborough, Ontario B 2V5, Canada.
PERILS needs volunteers, click here for more information. Currently they're working from Hyderabad.
I salute you all there in Pakistan I am Computer Engineer and doing my job here in Jeddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
I have been here for almost twelve years I have very good and generous friends in my company. They ask me to give them the list of goods OR things that are urgently needed in Pakistan for the relief efforts.
You are the forum that has more information then I do while I am away from my beloved Pakistan it is my appeal and request to you for little help.


We now provide a "one-stop shop" to handle any size project.
Capital City Group in addition to crane rental and specialized heavy hauling we offer full service storage facilities. With easy access for trucking to our industrial warehouses. We also provide project transportation logistics and rail car accessibility. We are conveniently located in Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.


text:
Q: Trigger mouse leave when animated sprite is clicked I have a link containing a sprite image, with a CSS animation on mouse hover.
a {
    display:inline-block;
    width:48px;
    height:48px;
    overflow:hidden;
}

a img {
    -webkit-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    -moz-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    -o-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    transition: 250ms ease-out;
}

a:hover img{
    -webkit-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -moz-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -ms-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -o-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    transform: translate(0,-50%);
}

Animation works fine, but when I click the link, it remains on hover state.
Here's a fiddle showing the problem. When you click the link, a new tab is opened as expected. But when you come back to the fiddle, the sprite is still in hover state. How can I bring it back to normal (not-hover) state? I've tried to trigger mouseleave event with jQuery, but it failed.

A: The event is fired correctly but the CSS still sees it as ':hover' state (and I don't think you can change that with javascript). Therefore you could change your css from
a:hover img {

to
a.hovered img {

thus setting it as a class on its own and not a css state. Then in your JS you can leave the click handler as before (even though I used 'mouseout' but it shouldn't matter) and add a hover() handler like
$('a').click(function() {
    $(this).trigger('mouseout');
});

$('a').hover(function() {
    $(this).addClass('hovered');
}, function(){
    $(this).removeClass('hovered');
});

A: Customize hover behavior with jQuery instead of CSS :hover pseudo class:

a {
    display:inline-block;
    width:48px;
    height:48px;
    overflow:hidden;
}

a img {
    -webkit-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    -moz-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    -o-transition: 250ms ease-out;
    transition: 250ms ease-out;
}

.hover{
    -webkit-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -moz-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -ms-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    -o-transform: translate(0,-50%);
    transform: translate(0,-50%);
}

$('#theLink').mouseenter(function(){
    $(this).children().first().addClass('hover');
}).mouseleave(function(){
    $(this).children().first().removeClass('hover');
}).click(function(){
    $(this).children().first().removeClass('hover');
});

See it in action: http://jsfiddle.net/gssw0dm6/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The 700MHz band (formerly used for Digital Terrestrial TV services) is aimed more at future ultrafast 5G mobile data (broadband) services and is due to be auctioned off by Ofcom in 2019. The band will also come attached to a much stricter coverage obligation than we've seen before, which will require both better indoor reception and at least two operators must commit to reach 92% of the UK land area with good reception.
Both the Government and Ofcom have thus been discussing how something close to universal mobile coverage might be achieved in the future. In keeping with that the regulator has proposed a number of solutions to the Government and they've today published those options for public consumption.


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Sometimes you don't have a lot of time to make a beautiful dessert. This recipe can be completed in under 30 minutes and looks like you spent all day on them! Start by preheating your oven, make your frosting, cool the cookies then assemble away! If you are not a big icing fan stuff these cookie sandwiches with our edible cookie dough or with peppermint ice cream (Jeni's is our favorite). Be sure to tag us @thecookiedoughcafe and @life_and_sprinkles if you make these delicious and festive cookie sandwiches for the holidays!
Our place and bakes are only available online or in our Portland, OR cafe, but trust us they are life changing. Don't hesitate to sprinkle some large flakes of sea salt on top of the cookies!
Preheat oven to 350F and follow baking instructions on back of the box of The Cookie Dough Cafe chocolate chunk place & bake cookies.
In a large bowl, beat the butter and shortening until smooth. Add in 2 cups of powdered sugar and mix. Add in the vanilla bean paste, vanilla extract and 2 tbsp water. Beat until smooth. Finish with the last 2 cups of powdered sugar and mix until combined and smooth. If the frosting is too thick add an additional tbsp of water.
Sprinkles are "String the Lights" by Sweetapolita aren't they gorg!


text:
Hurricanes, seeking team-best 10th straight win, face Panthers
The Carolina Hurricanes are on a stellar run, and the Florida Panthers are coming off one of their best performances of the season.
Now, an intriguing matchup is on tap when the teams meet Friday night in Raleigh, N.C.
The Hurricanes will be aiming for a franchise-record 10th consecutive victory. They tied the mark by claiming their ninth straight game on Tuesday, 3-0 over the visiting Chicago Blackhawks.
"We always stay with the same game plan," Hurricanes forward Martin Necas said. "All the guys are playing great."
While Carolina has enjoyed two days off, the Panthers arrive after earning a 7-2 home victory against the Montreal Canadiens on Thursday. That was Florida's first game following a five-day holiday layoff.
"I thought it was important for us after Christmas to come back and start stringing together some wins," Panthers forward Matthew Tkachuk said.
Aleksander Barkov's hat trick in the first period set the tone for the Panthers, who compiled a season-high goal total. Barkov was back from a three-game absence caused by a knee injury, and he finished with five points.
"He changes every part of your game," Florida coach Paul Maurice said.
Florida lost the three games that Barkov missed, scoring a total of six goals in those games.
"He's our best player, one of the best in the NHL and so very lucky to be able to play with him and have him on my team," Tkachuk said.
The Panthers are 3-4-0 in road games in December going into their final game of the month.
The visit to Raleigh is bound to be far from ordinary for Maurice, who has had two stints as coach of the Hurricanes. He is in his first season with the Panthers.
The Panthers-Hurricanes game also offers family flavor with the Staal brothers — Florida defenseman Marc Staal and Carolina center/captain Jordan Staal — going head to head.
The Hurricanes are also on a franchise-record, 15-game points streak. The latest wave of success also includes a seven-game home winning streak, tied for the fourth-longest such stretch in team history.
Carolina coach Rod Brind'Amour has tried to deflect emphasizing the winning streak but acknowledged that it ultimately could be important.
"It doesn't really matter much right now," Brind'Amour said. "It will probably mean more at the end of the year when we look back and hopefully that was a good stretch and got us hopefully where we want to be."
There are questions about goaltending for the Hurricanes given that Antti Raanta has played in the past three games while rookie sensation Pyotr Kochetkov has been dealing with a minor ailment that has left him as the backup.
Raanta posted his first shutout since March on Tuesday. Carolina has four shutouts this season, tied with the New York Islanders for the NHL lead.
The Hurricanes' line centered by Jordan Staal continues to be productive. Wingers Jesper Fast and Jordan Martinook have benefitted.
"It feels like they are making up for all of the times that they were all over the place," Brind'Amour said. "All of a sudden, it is evening out a little bit. They are doing it right."
The Staal line has combined for 19 points (eight goals and 11 assists) across the past five games. The group's total for 12 December games sits at 14 goals and 15 assists.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The roadmap – roughly how you might want to say it.
This is an example of a good brief. Yours need not be so detailed. Perhaps you're not yet sure what you want each scene to look like, but the bottom line is, the more information you can give us the better. At the very least we need to know what you'd like the film to show, what needs to be in it for sure, approximately how long you want it to be and when you want it delivered.
Aim of animation: To show both the process and the purpose of the ICRC's detention visits.
Guard escorts detainee into room, removes handcuffs and leaves, closing door behind him.
Detainee shakes hands with delegate, sits down on a chair at an angle to the delegate.
Delegate conducts interview with detainee, taking notes on clipboard [not laptop!].
Delegate places hand on shoulder of distressed detainee.
Delegate hands over message to detainee. Detainee visibly happy. Reads message.
Detainee writes message (zoom in over shoulder to show Red Cross Message form and detainee writing).
Delegate and detainee stand and shake hands at end of interview.
Delegate knocks on door. Guard comes in, re-cuffs detainee and leads him away, detainee still smiling [contrast with mood before interview].
Delegates come together from all parts of prison. Talk to each other briefly.
Delegates meet director, submit report marked "Findings and recommendations. CONFIDENTIAL"
In 2014, the ICRC visited 800,000 detainees in 92 countries.
If you prefer a quote, no problem. We send, and that's when you scream "What?! That much? Let's get Communications to do it." Before you take that route, though, take a look at this quality comparison.
That said, in-house video production can be a great solution in some cases, but a bit of training is often required for best results. If you're interested in the in-house route, we're happy to help: Smartcuts training.
Even though production costs vary a lot, here's a rough idea of prices.
Ok, so we've agreed on a price. It's now time to lay down the foundations of your project: script, visual description, notes and graphics. We put it all down on a storyboard that we both have access to online. This means we're always dealing with the very latest version and we get your comments directly on the storyboard in real time. See a sample storyboard. During this phase of the process we need your input.


text:
Tello es un municipio colombiano ubicado en el departamento de Huila. Se caracteriza por su extensa llanura comprendida entre el río Magdalena y el pie de la cordillera oriental hasta sus cimas, con más de 3000 msnm, regados por las aguas de los ríos Fortalecillas y Villavieja. Su extensión territorial es de 589 km², su altitud es de 575  y su clima es cálido con una temperatura promedio de 26 °C.

Cuenta con una población de 14.536 habitantes de acuerdo con proyección del DANE para año 2019. El casco urbano del municipio está localizado en la parte noreste del departamento (Región SubNorte). Su economía se basa en la producción agrícola y la actividad ganadera. Las frutas como la uva, que registra los más altos niveles de calidad, el banano del cual se produce el 91% del total del departamento, complementan su economía que es considerada la base del desarrollo de la región. Es conocido como « El Viñedo del Huila»

Historia

La vida del caserío se inició en 1811 cuando don Juan José Mesa donó los terrenos necesarios, en su finca "Matarredonda" para el asentamiento que se llamó como la hacienda. En 1835, al ser elegido en distrito parroquial, se le dio el nombre de la Unión, el cual conservó hasta 1925 cuando fue elevado a la categoría de municipio con el nombre de Tello, en honor del prócer José María Tello, coronel de las guerras de Independencia.

Dentro de su historia se destaca la época del Bipartidismo político entre liberales y conservadores del año 1848

con monumentales eventos olvidados como la quemazón del Centro Poblado de San Andrés en 1950, y los centenares de homicidios en el aún existente lugar El Puente De Los Decapitados la que en su tiempo era apenas una batea empedrada que atravesaba una quebrada que estaba al paso para llegar a la ciudad de Neiva, Huila donde fueron fusilados, degollados, decapitados y colgados más de 500 habitantes en su mayoría varones que pudieran estar en edad de votar o combatir, para evitar su incorporación en las crecientes Guerrillas Colombianas de la época, los cuerpos eran descuartizados a manos de los godos, (conservadores)y colocadas las partes seguidas incrustadas en la arena a orilla del camino para recordar a los Liberales el poder que tenía el partido conservador en el Municipio de Tello en ese entonces; otras memorias de la desmoronada historia de una de las plazas rojas del Huila del año 1950 se encuentra recopilada en la obra literaria La Carnicería escrita en el año 2010.

Himno

El Himno a Tello está formado por un coro y siete estrofas.
Sus autores son: Delia Camacho y Álvaro Velásquez.

Beato Gaspar Páez Perdomo
Nacido en Tello Huila, el 15 de junio de 1913. A media cuadra del parque principal, hacía el oriente, en una casa hecha en bareque,y paja; hijo de don Félix Páez y María Perdomo, conocida como misía María. don Felix era cantor en la Iglesia. En Tello contrajo matrimonio don Félix Páez con misía María Perdomo oriunda de Tello; sus hijos fueron. Siervo de Dios /1899), Luisa Beltrán (1901), Daniel aquilino (1904), Jesús (1906), Lino María (1908),  Felix Isidoro (1911) LLuis Modesto (1913) Josefina (1916) José del Carmen (1918)  y Bárbara (1920).

Personajes

El escritor y científico David Campos trabajó durante 2007 en Tello, y le dedicó al municipio y su gente varios de sus poemas.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Municipios de Huila
Área Metropolitana de Neiva


On November 30th, Cameron Segal, Living Well Group Development Manager joined Tim Pratt, Food and Beverage Director at Living Well Group, and Susie Polgreen, registered dietician at Bayada Home Health, on Channel 17 for the continuation of the "Living Well and Redefining Aging Series". They discussed nutrition and how it relates to elder care, both at home and in care facilities as well as Living Well Group's Farm to Care program.
Click "HERE" to check out our video and stay tuned for more episodes.


6 days of Uttarakhand holiday packages – Uttarakhand has everything from Hindu Temples, Pilgrimages, Yoga, Meditation, Mountain Climbing, Trekking, Skiing, Camping and many more.
On arrival meet the driver. Later leave for short Dehradun sightseeing tour.
at leisure. Overnight stay in Mussoorie.
views of the Doon Valley and an amazing shopping experience.
spot housing a lake, an amusement park and beautiful, colorful flora.
Later return to Mussoorie hotel for overnight stay.
Corbett, check into hotel. Rest of the day at leisure. Overnight stay in Corbett.
Early morning before breakfast proceed to Jungle Safari ( not included in the cost ).
On arrival, check into hotel. Rest of the day at leisure. Overnight stay in Nainital.
Later return to Nainital hotel for overnight stay.
Note: Due to high demand limited rooms are available in all the popular hotels.


text:
Q: R Code for a loop with subgrouped data I have an r code question and I'm very inexperience when it comes to loops.  I would like to create a new column vector consisting of 0, 1, and 2's conditioned on other variables.
First, I will try to substantively explain my data.  My data consists of representatives and how long they stay on a committee.  My unit of analysis is congressional term.  If a members stays on their committee, then they receive a 0.  If they leave a committee during a congress, early, they receive a 2.  If a members does not leave a committee early, then they receive a 1.
I will now try to explain the technical aspects of my problem.  Subjects are given an identification number (ID).  If a "Cong" value is less than the maximum Cong value for a subject, then the new column should have a 0.  If a "Cong" value is less than the maximum "Cong" value for a subject, but the largest for a respective "comm", then receive a 2.  If a "Cong" value is equal to the maximum "Cong value for an individual, then they receive a 1.  An example might help.
ID  Cong  Comm
 1   52    3
 1   53    3
 1   54    3
 1   53    4
 2   50    2
 2   50    7
 3   48    4
 4   48    3
 4   48    7
 4   49    7

I would like for it to look like this.
 ID  Cong  Comm   Y
 1   52    3      0
 1   53    3      0
 1   54    3      1
 1   53    4      2
 2   50    2      1
 2   50    7      1
 3   48    4      1
 4   48    3      2
 4   48    7      0
 4   49    7      1

It was recommended that I use a loop, but I haven't been able to find any examples that are even remotely related to my data structure.    Should I create a new index? I would appreciate any R code. Any help would be greatly appreciated.  Sorry for any confusion!
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

A: You can actually do this with three assignments I believe since your categories are hierarchical. Try
#sample data
data.frame(
    ID = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 4L, 4L),
    Cong = c(52L, 53L, 54L, 53L, 50L, 50L, 48L, 48L, 48L, 49L),
    Comm = c(3L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 2L, 7L, 4L, 3L, 7L, 7L)
)

dd$Y <- 0
dd$Y[dd$Cong==with(dd, ave(Cong, ID, Comm, FUN=max, drop=T))] <- 2
dd$Y[dd$Cong==with(dd, ave(Cong, ID, FUN=max))] <- 1

That returns
   ID Cong Comm Y
1   1   52    3 0
2   1   53    3 0
3   1   54    3 1
4   1   53    4 2
5   2   50    2 1
6   2   50    7 1
7   3   48    4 1
8   4   48    3 2
9   4   48    7 0
10  4   49    7 1

The idea is that the first assignment sets every Y to zero. The second assignment finds the highest Cong for each ID for each Comm and sets Y=1 if the Cong value matches the highest one for the group. We do the assignment one more time, now ignoring Comm. So if it's the highest Cong for an individual, it will over write the Y=1 with a Y=2. No loop needed.


Ben Ripley is back — and he's going undercover.
On the first day of the new year at spy school, thirteen-year-old Ben Ripley accidentally shoots a live mortar into the principal's office—and gets himself expelled. But when SPYDER shows up shortly afterward, offering him a position in their evil organization, he begins to suspect he's been set up for a mission. So he accepts.
As a new student in SPYDER's evil spy school, which trains kids to become bad guys with classes like Counter Counterespionage and Laying Low 101, Ben does some secret spying of his own. He's acting as unofficial undercover agent, and it becomes quickly apparent that SPYDER is planning something very big—and very evil. Ben can tell he's a key part of the plan, but he's not quite sure what the plan is. Can Ben figure out what SPYDER is up to—and get word to the good guys without getting caught—before it's too late?


Once upon a time Indira Gandhi gave the slogan called 'Garibi hatao'. It is hard to argue against that. Recent Samajwadi party's (SP) election manifesto has come in for criticism since it seems to be against computers. I tried to read the manifesto myself to see what it contained. I searched on the web and SP's website here. But it is not available on website either.
My first thought was – 'desperation'. Ranting against computers would have been ok strategy maybe 20 years ago, and that too for a few banks and govt/PSU employees, but now now.
But more plausible reason seems to be driven more by business style market segmentation and positioning of SP. The MBA students are taught the virtues of segmenting the market and focusing on your market niche. Then one needs to have a positioning to differentiate from everyone else and rise over the din and clutter. This could well be positioning towards their voter base. I will watch how many seats they actually win. It could be a case for business students to do post-mortem later.
To their credit, they have their website accessible in Hindi and English both. The congress website has some accessibility in Hindi (font needs to be installed) and Urdu apart from English. The BJP has it in English only apart from manifesto. They need to think about making website accessible to non-English Bharat still !


❶Manage a team of 30 call centre agents who advise consumers on garment care, product updates and where to purchase particular garments. Really happy to use this service.
Using an eye-tracking technique, researchers found that recruiters focused on your name, current job title, company and dates of employment. In Australia, recruiters are generally looking at your last 10 years of employment history. Only go back further if you have earlier experience that is highly relevant. Here, you need to call out your key competencies and experience in a way that engages the Australian audience. One of his observations was that Australians dislike arrogance and prefer to view achievements as facts.
I suggest that you take his conclusions into account. Here are some ways to do it:. Also, be sure to read my guide to writing persuasive, razor-sharp achievements. Be sure to highlight your academic and professional qualifications by including the name and major of your degree, along with the awarding institution. There is no need to include the year of completion on your resume. Aside from your previous experience, achievements and personality flavour, there are a few other details that you can consider including on your resume to get noticed in the Australian job market:.
You can expect that referee details will be requested in later stages of the recruitment process. The above is your guide to producing a great example of an Australian resume. I hope these tips help and if you would like to see any more Australian resume examples or Australia-specific job search tips , let me know via LinkedIn. E-mail is already registered on the site. Please use the Login form or enter another.
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text:
Have you ever read someone's secret diary?
I read my brother's diary when I was 18.
The was because I was worried about him as he was acting strange and wouldn't talk to me about anything.
I felt terrible for doing so, but I did indeed read his diary when he and my mum went shopping one day.
For the first half of the diary, my brother claimed he was a dark being and a person named Lord Alzket.
He claimed he was ruler of the 12 Dimensions and had powers that would bring balance to the universe, time and space.
He claimed he was being living in a human's body and that I, along wiht my mother, were his host family.
In the diary, he consistently spoke of my mother and myself as sub humans and said that we were problematic.
He stated that our Mother was interrupting the 12th Dimensions and that he wished for a different sister.
In the diary he claimed that I was inconsiderate, overworked myself, repeatedly asked questions for no apparent reason, couldn't see different people's point of views and that I was deliberately out to hurt people's feelings.
On the other hand, he claimed he had never done anything of the sort.
I know I will sound biased defending myself, but I most certainly am not any of the things that he described.
That was during the time where our family was not speaking to one another and huge arguments were going on.
I was often the only person who could speak to everyone, relay messages and understand different points of views.
In the diary, he also claimed that he almost broke the time Dimensions in his sleep.
To be honest, the whole diary was quite absurd and I was deeply worried that this was coming from my 17 year old brother who wanted to become a scientist.
In the next half of the diary, he admitted that the first part was his alter ego and that from then on he would be writing about he true self.
He did so, and the diary made much more sense.
However, although he had admitted the alter ego was made up, I have never forgotten the things he wrote about my mother and myself, particularly me.
I had given my brother nothing but support throughout his entire life, I was the only reason why he graduated from primary school and made it through to high school.
I would help make him breakfast, lunch and dinner whenever our mother had her migraines.
I would help him with his homework.
At one point I wrote his English assignment for him.
I repeatedly defended him through any argument.
I had never had a single argument with him.
To be quite honest, I always believed my brother and I were some of the closest siblings in the school.
And then I found his diary.
The diary in which he claimed I was sub human.
The diary in which he said I was an object that was affecting the twelve dimensions and destroying his magical powers.
The diary in which he said the only good thing about me was that I could reproduce children for him to teach magical powers to.
The diary in which he claimed I was useless, cold hearted, and every other hurtful thing he could think of.
The diary in which he wanted a different sister.
Has any US president quit the presidency
Are teens rebellious anymore
Does President Obama ever drive his own car
Have you ever written a letter to any US president and receive a response
Can you write a letter to the president
Have you ever sent a letter to the French president and received a response
Has anyone managed to get a photo with President Obama whilst he was out and about after he left office
Have you ever written a letter to President Elect Donald Trump and received a response
Does President Obama write his own answers on Quora
Are all the US Presidents related to each other
Are there too many teens on Quora
Does Obama ever give speeches without a teleprompter
Has any US President ever been addicted to illicit drugs
Has any US president ever been impeached If so why was he impeached
Do you still write letters
Can you create your own rules in conlangs
Does Barack Obama memorize his speeches I cant imagine that he does but it never looks like hes reading them
Have you ever written a letter to Rahul Gandhi and received a response
Do teenagers deserve privacy


Novelist Howard Jacobson has said children may be illiterate in 20 years' time, thanks to the rise of smartphones and social media platforms such as Twitter.
The journalist and 2010 Man Booker prize-winner told The Times that childrens' capacity to concentrate on books was being adversely affected by social media and smartphones, conceding even his own concentration span had been "shot by this bloody screen".
As a result, in the space of 20 years he predicted "we will have children who can't read, who don't want to read".
"I can't read any more as much as I used to. My concentration has been shot by this bloody screen. I can't do it now — I want space, I want white pages, light behind the page," he said.
Some Twitter users have hit back at Jacobson's views.
Meanwhile, also to the contrary, drawing on its research the National Literacy Trust (NLT) said new technologies can play "a hugely important role" in helping to develop children's literacy skills.
Its research showed e-books positively impact teenage boys' reading motivation and skills, when a 2015 project saw the percentage of boys who felt reading was "difficult" cut in half from 28.0% to 15.9%, suggesting confidence in their own reading ability also increased as a result of using technology. Another 2016 research project saw six in 10 (59.7%) early years practitioners say they would like to increase the use of touch screens.
This assumes that our current iteration of social media will continue to be dominant as the rising generation comes of age. I don't see any reason to assume that this will be the case.
They said the exact same thing about comic books back in the 1950's.
I doubt there will be any change at all in the percentage of kids that like to read full fiction. If anything, the variety of choices thanks to ebooks will probably encourage more kids to read.
I read comic books back in the day and I remember becoming illiterate shortly after I graduated from law school.
Some years later, Nintendo did me in.
Not even kidding: my college fiction writing program completely turned me off to reading. (I hated the snobby fascination with literary fiction and the distain for genre. I switched majors to computer science.) It took twenty years for me to start reading fiction regularly for pleasure again, and write my first novel.
My experience wasn't quite that bad, but I can understand what you mean. I majored in English. Fortunately, I got my degree from a school with at least one professor who was interested in genre stuff, so I was able to take classes on Tolkien and sci-fi, and some of the other profs were friendly toward genre so that I was able to use examples from Buffy and such in my papers. But most of the actual required reading (those were all for general major elective classes) were so dull, I don't think I actually fully read a single assigned novel from most of my classes.
LOL. Classics Illustrated to the rescue! My HS English classes required reading of such authors as Austin and Dickens — deadly dull and stupefying to a teenage boy (except for A Tale of Two Cities — a very atypical Dickens novel). Our teachers were hip to students trying to slide using Cliff Notes and would ask Qs about stuff that CN didn't cover.
Shawna, reminds me of my experience. I didn't go on to get an MFA, because I simply did not want to read more novels that I mostly tolerated rather than loved. Dissecting them was fun, but reading them wasn't always a thrill.
I did NOT have genre-friendly professors, except for mystery/detective. The sci-fi/fantasy stories that were acceptable were the "literary" ones. And forget about genre romance. At the time, I was big into SF and romance, as well as poetry. So, really, unless I was gonna focus on poetry, I did not see the point of an MFA.
Although my fave film is Sense and Sensibility. 😀 That one would have passed.
But if I ever have to read MIDDLEMARCH again, just shoot me.
It's a miracle today's kids can walk and chew gum at the same time.
Literacy is amazingly resilient, and the doom-sayers amazingly wrong. They seem to have a limited view of literacy, defined by what people read rather than their ability to freely choose what they read.
Some of them can't. Ditto for some adults, too!
The ones I know can multitask just fine.
I was just about to say the same thing. And I know for sure that I knew such words and phrases as "omnipotent," "cretin," and "well nigh" thanks to Victor Von Doom and Thor.
And the hoary hosts of Hoggoth.
I always wondered why Hoggoth didn't get newer hosts.
Of course, he's assuming that none of these children who'll be illiterate in 20 years have ebooks on their smartphones. He'd rather bemoan a benighted future wherein nobody reads, because, OMG–who's going to buy his books then?!?
So, who's buying his books now? Not I!
In school we were forced to sit in front of a computer and type along with the Mavis Beacon software in order to learn how to be quick typists. I really didn't have a knack for it and still "chicken pecked" with my fingers. I remember it bothering me terribly that the keys weren't in alphabetical order. At that point, most of our homework was still handwritten, so it really didn't matter what my skills were.
It wasn't until I started using Instant Messengers like MSN and AIM to talk to my friends (and cute girls) that my typing speed skyrocketed.
Technology will always present new distractions, but I daresay he is not so much enthralled by the technology itself as opposed to the media. This could also have a positive outcome for the next generation of readers. After all, what do those social media platforms consist of? Pictures and videos sure, but also text. As fiction authors, we have to captivate our audience with a flow of words… even if it means sparking that initial interest in 140 characters or less.
The year I was born, doomsayers predicted the world would run out of zinc in 1977. Did not happen. Paul Ehrlich predicted nations would go to war for food in the 1970s and that hundreds of millions would starve. Did not happen. In 1970, the consensus of scientists in was that the Earth would enter a man-made ice age by 2000. Did not happen.
The calamities of 2037 are not on my radar. And this one is small potatoes compared to other predictions of doom. Jacobson needs to step up his game.
Ah, the club of Rome and LIMITS TO GROWTH.
All-time greatest example of hidden assumptions and the perils of ignoring the power of the STEM tribe. It's hard to accurately extrapolate the future when millions of STEMers are merrily rebuilding it day after day.
My kids (two millennials and one in middle school) avoid Twitter and Facebook like the plague. They say they're for "old people." (My wife, who loves Facebook, doesn't think this is funny at all.) None of my nieces or nephews use these sites regularly either. Just based on personal observations, I think it's a mistake to assume Facebook or Twitter are playing any great role in the development of our youth. Twenty years from now, they may be as relevant as the Sears catalog.
OTOH, all three of my children were -and remain- avid readers. They read on paper, on tablets, and sometimes on cell phones. The older two have also tried their hand at writing, but gave up fairly quickly when they realized their dad has the "most boring job in the world." It seems to me the important thing is introducing kids to reading at a young age. The habit may come and go throughout their lives, but it will never entirely go away.
…avoid Twitter and Facebook like the plague.
Yes. My daughter uses Snapchat and the app Houseparty. She reads intermittently, and well, but prefers to consume story via TV and movies.
My son prefers to chat with his friends using a voiceover app while playing games on Steam. He's an avid reader, close to a book a day.
My daughter going into high school this year and all her friends avidly use facebook to communicate with each other. I was kind of surprised at that myself.
This is a little behind. Kids today already do not want to read, preferring to consume audiobooks instead. With the way everything is shortened and abbreviated, I think we'll be way worse than we are now, or even than this article indicates, twenty years from now.
I recall reading one of Isaac Asimov's science columns in F&SF* — about forty years ago — in which he noted that through most of human history the literacy rate was only two or three percent. His point being that the modern day rate is an anomaly.
As for Twitter, et al., if the Department of Education hasn't managed to completely obliterate literacy, then nothing will.
I wonder if this guy is factoring in that a lot of people have a lower ability to focus (for various reasons) as they get older. My dad, for example, practically never reads anymore because of eye focusing issues, but he listens to audiobooks constantly. The OP may be trying to blame new fangled technology for his own aging process.
I was wondering if he might need glasses, or perhaps, cataract surgery. Often your vision decreases so gradually, you're not aware of a physical problem until long after you cut down on something like reading. Screens make it possible to increase font size, so you compensate that way.
My left eye was fairly useless over the past year and a half. Fortunately, I already wear glasses and have my eyes examined yearly. Had cataract surgery on my left eye a couple of months ago and am once again reading more. I can't wait to get the right eye done!
My dad had surgery to remove at least one cataract and had both lenses replaced with artificial lenses (so he doesn't have to wear glasses for long-distance like he used to), but for some reason he still can't focus on printed words for more than 15 minutes or so at a time.
"Damned kids!" Said every aging generation, ever.
Anecdata: I've observed in the classroom (grad school and now high school) that attention spans and the ability to concentrate on a piece of text for an extended period are weaker now than 20 years ago. I do not believe that Facebook, texting, et al are entirely to blame, but I think they have made it easier to avoid needing to focus for extended periods (30 min at a stretch or longer).
WN i WZ CPROT IT MGT WUD SND EMAILES N STUF N TXTSPK & POED WN i WUD SA THR MAILS KRUPTD.


text:
Chiyan Wong (; * 13. November 1988 in Hongkong) ist ein chinesischer Pianist.

Leben
Im Alter von sechs Jahren begann Wong in seiner Heimatstadt mit dem Klavierunterricht. Schon fünf Jahre später hatte er mehrere Preise beim Hongkong Schools Music Festival gewonnen. Im Jahr 2000 bekam er ein Stipendium an der freien Chetham's School of Music in Manchester bei der britischen Konzertpianistin und Lehrerin Norma Fisher. Noch im selben Jahr hatte er sein Debüt als Solist in Litauen.

Im Jahr 2004 gewann er als 16-Jähriger den zweiten Preis, den Publikumspreis und den Preis der Presse beim International Competition for Young Musicians in Enschede (Niederlande). Noch im selben Jahr folgte er einer Einladung, vor Mitgliedern der niederländischen Königsfamilie zu spielen.
Ein Jahr später (2005) gewann Wong einen Preis beim International Competition for Young Pianists in memory of Vladimir Horowitz in Kiew (Ukraine). Ebenfalls 2005 trat er als Solist mit dem Chetham's Symphony Orchestra unter dem Dirigat von Garry Walker auf. Außerdem gewann er im selben Jahr noch den Junior Award der Hattori Foundation in London.
Im folgenden Jahr (2006) erhielt Wong den Entrance Award für das Royal Northern College of Music in Manchester, um sein Studium bei Norma Fisher fortzusetzen. 2007 erhielt er den Bernard Van Zuiden Music Prize des Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra und war im selben Jahr Finalist in der International Anton G. Rubinstein Piano Competition in Dresden.

Neben seiner künstlerischen Tätigkeit begann Wong, als Fachautor über Musik und Kunst zu schreiben. So schrieb er, beeinflusst durch Ferruccio Busoni und Wassily Kandinsky, seinen ersten größeren Artikel In a State of Art, der im Herbst 2009 von der European Piano Teachers' Association veröffentlicht wurde. Anfang 2009 spielte er als Solist beim Hong Kong Arts Festival.

Heute (2012) lebt Wong in London, wo er auf Empfehlung des britischen Pianisten Stephen Hough Stipendiat an der Royal Academy of Music bei Christopher Elton studiert. Neben seinem Klavierstudium und seiner Laufbahn als Pianist, die ihn bereits in mehrere Länder Europas geführt hat, absolviert er noch zusätzlich eine Ausbildung zum Dirigenten.

Ende 2011 gewann er in London die Jacques Samuel Intercollegiate Piano Competition und wird 2012 – dies ist Bestandteil des Preises – Konzerte mit dem London Festival Orchestra in der Londoner Cadogan Hall, im Juni in der Fazioli Concert Hall in Sacile (Italien) und im Dezember 2012 in der Londoner Wigmore Hall geben.

Sein aktuelles Programm bei Soloauftritten sind bevorzugt die Kreisleriana von Robert Schumann sowie die Klaviersonate h-Moll und eine eigene Paraphrase der Héxameron Variationen von Franz Liszt, aber auch Werke von Johann Sebastian Bach, Ludwig van Beethoven und Ferruccio Busoni.

Diskografie
 Liszt Transfigured. Operatic Fantasies for Piano. Label: Linn 2017

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Klassischer Pianist
Musiker (Volksrepublik China)
Geboren 1988
Mann
Chinese


The Justice League contends with a mass amount of villains, and a nuclear threat posed by the Joker... then everyone disappears into a portal that manifests suddenly.
Story - 1: What an unmitigated rip-off. Is this even the last installment? The actions of this issue are in line with the cut-scenes of the Injustice video game, making it a twice-told tale, but with no effect past WTH? I've noted Buccellato's contemptuous writing style for his audience, but what did they do to deserve this? Can anyone definitively say what's occurred here? For the record, what was a horrible concept was stabled by Regime Superman becoming an excellent villain, only to have him be lessened by a writer that didn't care about his development or anything else... except cashing in and getting out.
Art - 4: There are some beautiful pieces here, and it's all such a waste, which has been the story for Injustice more times than one can count. Again, if this is the end, what a disservice to all involved.
Cover Art - 4: Straight coolness!


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