That was two years before Ryan was first elected to Congress.
Since then, Ryan and other conservatives have studied federal poverty programs, including the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program that was created by the 1996 law. They've concluded that the programs are not driving the results they should, but they have made little headway in pushing for changes they think would help lift people out of poverty.
Now the retiring Ryan is spending his final year in office making one last anti-poverty push.
The House under his leadership is exploring another overhaul to TANF, as well as major changes to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, otherwise known as food stamps.
Even so, the overhauls, which face steep odds to become law, are only small pieces of the poverty agenda Ryan has spent his career developing.
Another small part of the agenda Ryan has gotten passed into law is included in the tax overhaul. The law designates opportunity zones based on some of the poorest census tracts and allows people to avoid capital gains taxes when selling an asset by investing in those areas.
Ryan's effort is more than just a conservative policy agenda. It's personal.
The speaker has spent time in impoverished communities, visiting charities and private sector organizations that are fighting poverty in ways he does not believe the government can.
"Catholic social teaching tells us that our public moral culture — the foundation of our political culture — is shaped by these natural institutions and free associations of civil society. And it cautions us against allowing the state too great a reach into civil society," Ryan said during his May 24 address to the National Catholic Prayer Breakfast.
It is the success stories Ryan witnessed during his travels — he mentioned a recent trip to Catholic Charities Fort Worth — that he hopes to replicate.
Ryan frequently says that his goal in overhauling welfare programs is to "break up the poverty monopoly" and create a competition for federal dollars that is based on results.
Where Democrats see his proposals as gutting government programs for the poor, Ryan argues the resources would simply be directed where they're most useful.
"This is about saving souls, not dollars," he said in the PBS interview, noting that money would be saved on the back end when more people are out of poverty and off government assistance.
Ryan inherited his passion for fighting poverty from his longtime mentor and former New York Rep. Jack Kemp. The aspiring wonk met Kemp while working as a waiter at Tortilla Coast and later went to work for him at his think tank, Empower America.
He accompanied Kemp on some of his visits.
In the early 1990s Kemp introduced Ryan to Bob Woodson, who heads a center focused on helping low-income neighbors.
After Kemp's death in 2009, Woodson became Ryan's go-to adviser on poverty. Ryan reached out to Woodson to help develop a poverty platform for his 2012 vice presidential campaign with Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney.
When Ryan returned his focus to Congress after the 2012 loss, he reached out to Woodson for help in learning more about "homegrown" solutions to poverty, Ryan said in a recent videotaped conversation with Heritage Foundation President Kay Coles James.
"Bob and I for a couple of years flew around America, and he took me into some of the toughest, hardest-hit, most poor communities in rural and urban America," Ryan said.
During those trips Ryan witnessed the work of poverty fighters on the ground that was leading to results, just as he had years earlier when following Kemp.
Ryan connected with people who had lifted themselves out of poverty and related situations like gangs and crime, people who redeemed themselves and wanted to do the same for others.
He said he saw firsthand the power of work, though that was something he witnessed too in his own home growing up. After his father died when he was 16, Ryan watched his mother go back to school so she could start a small business and provide for their family.
"That to me was so inspiring," he said.
Ryan explained to Coles James that his welfare overhaul push is in part about a "mental change on our approach to poverty" and he took aim at the War on Poverty launched by the administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
"The basic take on this War on Poverty is we were telling people in America, 'You are stuck in your current station in life and government is here to help you cope with it.' Which is antithetical to the American idea of opportunity, and upward mobility and flourishing," he said.
Certainly Ryan has supporters for his agenda in Congress, even among the conservative House Freedom Caucus that has made his management of the issues difficult as it blocks compromises in search of far-right results.
Ohio Republican Rep. Warren Davidson is one of those Freedom Caucus members.
But such simpatico beliefs don't mean the Freedom Caucus is going to make things easy for Ryan in his remaining time, even on items they agree on.
Take, for example, the recent defeat of the farm bill, when 30 Republicans, including Davidson, joined Democrats in opposing the legislation on May 18.
The strict work reporting requirements for food stamp beneficiaries included in the bill were never going to be easy to get through the Senate, given Democratic opposition. But Ryan couldn't even get that popular GOP policy through the House, with some moderate Republicans opposed to the changes and conservative Republicans objecting to the bill to leverage concessions in an unrelated immigration debate.
The farm bill would have required able-bodied adults who don't have children under age 6 to work or participate in job training for at least 20 hours a week to receive SNAP benefits.
"This is going to help get more Americans out of poverty, and it's going to help more Americans get into the workforce, while maintaining support for those in need," Ryan said on April 12 as his allies introduced the legislation.
That wasn't enough to get it through the House the next month.
Rep. Chris Collins, a relatively moderate Republican from upstate New York, says he doesn't understand why some of his colleagues objected to work requirements for SNAP, citing a high level of public support for the concept.
Ryan still has a shot to get the bill through the House. A revote is planned for June 22.
The time and energy party leaders will have to expend to pass the farm bill — which will require appeasing conservatives on a separate immigration issue — could eat up resources for other welfare legislation, like a bill to restructure the TANF program.
The measure, recently reported out of the Ways and Means Committee on a party-line vote, would rename TANF the Jobs and Opportunity With Benefits and Services program, or JOBS, and require that funds go only to people living under 200 percent of the federal poverty line.
The bill requires states to use part of the federal funding to support job training and child care assistance with the goal of helping get people off welfare and into the workforce. States would have the flexibility to tailor their own programs, but the federal government would track their progress.
TANF, like the farm bill, is scheduled to expire Sept. 30.
Since reauthorizations of both are needed in a matter of months, Ryan has little time to convince House and Senate lawmakers and President Donald Trump to back his welfare overhaul push.
It is a long-shot pitch in a midterm election year, but Republicans like Pennsylvania Rep. Mike Kelly, who, like Ryan, is a conservative Catholic, believe the speaker can get at least some of it done before he leaves Congress.
"He's a great, great guy [who's] devoted a lot of his time and life to this," Kelly said.
If Ryan's poverty and welfare policy push fails to gain traction before he leaves Congress, he says he is not planning to give up the fight.
And inside Congress there will still be several members ready to pick up the poverty fighting mantle.
During the PBS interview, Ryan named GOP Reps. Elise Stefanik of New York, Brad Wenstrup of Ohio, Mark Walker of North Carolina, Sean P. Duffy of Wisconsin, Keith Rothfus of Pennsylvania and Barbara Comstock of Virginia, along with Sens. Tim Scott of South Carolina and Marco Rubio of Florida, as some of the lawmakers helping push an anti-poverty agenda.
"There's a lot of young and up-and-coming leaders who are in Congress, who are out of Congress, who are governors, who are making a big difference in this area," he said.


text:
Terpios hoshinota är en svampdjursart som beskrevs av Rützler och Muzik 1993. Terpios hoshinota ingår i släktet Terpios och familjen Suberitidae.

Artens utbredningsområde är havet kring Japan. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Horn- och kiselsvampar
hoshinota

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A page on TigerLocal will showcase your business to hundreds of local people looking for a coach hire. So you'll get serious enquiries from new customers.
We provide coach travel in the UK and Europe. We operate our own brochure of trips and UK holidays. Our vehicles are available for private charter. We are also available for contract work and staff transport services.
Eminence Travel specialises in 15 - 49 seats Coach and Minibus Travel. We will be pleased to cater to all your transport needs to ensure that your trips to the exciting venues live long in your memories.
Greys of Ely Coaches has been established for over 60 years and continues to present itself as one of East Anglia's most professional coach hire specialists.


text:
Online petition calls for Charleston council member to resign after alleged support of Proud Boys event
State - Regional
WEST ASHLEY, S.C. (WCBD) – An online petition calling for the immediate resignation of a councilman for the City of Charleston has received more than two thousand signatures.
An organizer of the petition is calling for councilman Harry Griffin to resign over his involvement and support of an event that happened in downtown Charleston over the weekend that was led by so-called right-wing activists.
"Multiple right-wing groups including the Proud Boys held a rally in downtown Charleston with the support of Charleston City Councilman Harry Griffin," the petition stated. "While Griffin did not himself speak at the rally, he was scheduled to do so and only pulled out at the last minute."
The event was organized by Tyler Bessenger of 'The Contemporary Conservative' and Corey Allen from 'The Overton Report,' and included a number of guests who invited a march to city hall demanding "a redress of the ever-growing list of grievances inflicted upon the people of Charleston by our elected officials."
Councilmember Harry Griffin responds to restaurant employee's social media threat of "bleach on his food"
Organizers of the petition for Griffin's resignation stated that by inviting the alt-right organization, the 'Proud Boys' into the city, he "has proven himself unfit" to hold leadership in Charleston.
Griffin has been outspoken about the May 30th riot that happened in downtown Charleston. He recently proposed a plan that would have West Ashley secede from the City of Charleston over a vote to increase taxes and launched an online petition that garnered less than 500 signatures.
Griffin said he does not plan to seek re-election. His term will come to an end in 2021.
More State - Regional Stories
ROCK HILL, S.C. (FOX 46 CHARLOTTE) – A 17-year-old is being charged as an adult with attempted murder after Rock Hill Police said she strangled her mother and left her face down on the bed of a local hotel room.
According to Rock Hill Police, officers received a call at 8:12 a.m. Saturday, Jan. 16, that someone may have been murdered at a local hotel.
by Chase Laudenslager / Jan 20, 2021
BERKELEY COUNTY, S.C. (WCBD) – The Berkeley County Sheriff's Office (BCSO) on Tuesday announced the arrest of a Goose Creek man in connection to drug trafficking.
Nathan Dean Martinko (24) is facing multiple narcotic and trafficking related charges after large quantities of drugs were found in his residence.
NORTH CHARLESTON, S.C. (WCBD) - Multiple agencies responded to a Tuesday night incident that ended on Spruill Avenue in which a suspect wanted for a string of crimes was shot by a member of law enforcement following a vehicle pursuit.
According to Chief Luther Reynolds with the Charleston Police Department (CPD), the suspect was a violent career criminal and the suspect was armed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Updating mysql database using While loop php This has been bugging me for 3 days now.. I'm new to this and trying to get my head round something. I have a form which involves 3 fields. Firstname, Surname, Marks. I have used a while loop to generate the table from a mysql table. I have used a text box and used the loop to call the text box after the 'ID' so each text box is named uniquely. I am then using a post method to send values to a second page which will update the 'marks' column with the value the user has just put in.. this is where I am finding my problem!
This is the initial page.

<title>Please Enter Your Surname</title>

Please Enter Your Surname

<form action="insert.php" method="POST">

<?php

$db = mysql_connect("localhost","root","");
if (!$db)
{
    do_error("Could not connect to the server");
}

mysql_select_db("session6",$db)or do_error("Could not connect to the database");

$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM members ORDER BY id",$db);

$rows=mysql_num_rows($result);

if(!$rows)
{
    do_error("No results found");
}
else
{
    echo "
\n";
    echo "

 Members Details

\n";
    echo "
Member Id	Firstname	Mark
\n";
    while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
    {

        echo "
";
        echo "" . $row['Id'] . "	";
        echo "" . $row['Firstname'] . "	";?>
        <input type="text" name="<?php echo $row['Id']; ?>" size="20">

        <?php

    }
    ?><input type="hidden" name="no_of_rows" value="<?php echo $rows; ?>">
    <?php
    echo "
\n";
}

mysql_close($db) or do_error("Could not close connection");

function  do_error($error)
{
    echo  $error;
    die();
}

?>
<input type="submit" value="Search">
<input type="reset" value="Reset">

</form>

`

Then the update is done here which is where I seem to be having a problem:

<?php
$db = mysql_connect("localhost","root","");
if (!$db)
{
    do_error("Could not connect to the server");
}

mysql_select_db("marks",$db)or do_error("Could not connect to the database");

$i=1;
while ($i <= $_POST["no_of_rows"])// or $_POST["No_of_Rows"] from form
{

    $insertsql = "UPDATE members SET mark = " . $_POST[$i] . " WHERE Id = " . $row['Id'] . ";";
    echo $_POST['$i'];
    $i++;

}

?>

When I echo $_POST[$i'] it shows the correct values but does not update the DB, and I'm not about ready to throw my laptop in the bin! ha! I know it is prob going to be something stupid I just can't see what, so any help would be appreciated.

A: You're missing the single quotes in your update query.  This would help:
$insertsql = "UPDATE `members` SET `mark` = '" . $_POST[$i] . "' WHERE `Id` = '" . $row['Id'] . "' ;";

you are also not running the mysql_query query command for the update
lastly you are using the mysql php commands which are deprecated.  Use mysqli or pdo instead.  and don't forget to escape data in your queries to prevent sql injections

A: Problem is the single quotes here, forcing to literal '$i' which probably isnt a key in $_POST
echo $_POST["$i"];

A: No need to use quotes when variable is used:
$_POST[$id];

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Devil Came to Me is the second studio album by Spanish rock band Dover. It was released on 21 April 1997 under Subterfuge Records.

Devil Came to Me was recorded and mixed in 20 days in February 1997, at Infinity Estudios in Madrid, with Daniel Alcover, and it cost 80 000 pesetas (at current exchange rates, €480). Dover was disclosed with this record and made the leap to fame. The cover was designed by the drummer of the band, Jesús Antúnez, graphic designer.

On 25 September 1997 they won their first gold record for the 50,000 copies sold of the album and subsequently were certified four times platinum to achieve a volume of more than 500,000 albums sold. Following the success of the album, Dover won the Ondas award for best Spanish group revelation on 13 November in Barcelona.

The album's title track was used both in a collection of songs from revealing bands of the moment, under the name of Pepsi The Next Generation (1998), and the announcement of a US brand drinks, Radical Fruit Company, which involved a big push to publicize the group.

15th anniversary reissue
To commemorate the album's 15th anniversary, Octubre Records reissued the album with the name "Dover Came to Me", in several different versions and formats on 18 June 2013. These included:

 Deluxe Boxset (2CD+1DVD) - Remastered version of the album plus bonus tracks, 20 live tracks from Sala El Sol (Madrid) in March 2013, 12 bonus videos and interviews.
 Standard Digital Edition - Remastered version of the album, plus 20 live tracks from Sala El Sol (Madrid).
 Deluxe Digital Edition (iTunes) - Remastered version of the album, plus 20 live tracks from Sala El Sol (Madrid), 3 live tracks (1997), 7 live tracks (2013) and 2 bonus videos.
 Streaming Digital Edition - 20 live tracks from Sala El Sol (Madrid).

Track listing
Lyrics and music by Amparo Llanos and Cristina Llanos.

Personnel
Dover
 Cristina Llanos – vocals and guitar
 Amparo Llanos – guitar
 Álvaro Gómez – bass guitar
 Jesús Antúnez – drums, illustration

Technical personnel
 Daniel Alcover – recording, mixing, mastering

Additional personnel
 María Jesús Velasco – photography

Charts and certifications

Chart positions

15th anniversary edition

Certifications

Release history

References

External links

1997 albums
Dover (band) albums


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Dianabol is one of the most popular anabolic steroids of all time that is always found as an oral tablet. It can be found as an injectable solution and it can use as a modern performance enhancement drug. Dianabol can be purchased online if you are being prescribed by it. Check the availability of Dianabol online and order the required drug at buy it at cost effective prices.


text:
Star Wars Battlefront is a technical marvel on PC
By Brad Bourque	 November 18, 2015
If there's one thing the reboot of Star Wars Battlefront has down, it's the look. From the forests of Endor to the snowy plains of Hoth, it really feels like the player is one in an army of rebel troops, lining up to defend the rebellion.
As usual, the PC enjoys the highest graphics fidelity. While the game only runs at 720p on Xbox One, and 900p on PlayStation 4, in order to achieve 60 frames per second, on PC the game can run at resolution up to 5K, or on a monitor with a 165Hz refresh rate.
But traveling through hyperspace to those high resolutions and refresh rates ain't like dusting crops, farmboy. When it comes to smooth Battlefront performance on the PC, it's either do, or do not. There is no try.
Nailing the look and feel of Star Wars
The four graphical presets in Battlefront aren't that different in terms of visual fidelity or performance. Furthermore, the auto-detect in Battlefront is shockingly accurate, producing sharp looks and 60 frame per second performance on every machine it saw. When in doubt, it's a great place to start.
Ultra + 150% supersampling
Step beyond that, and Battlefront allows gamers to take matters into their own hands with a wealth of options for setting up the finer points of performance optimization. Unlike Bethesda's Fallout 4, Battlefront includes in-game settings for both vertical sync and field of view. While field of view defaults to 55 degrees, it allows for settings between 44 and 110, a wide range that will helps those vulnerable to motion sickness.
DICE also includes super-sampling in the game's graphical options. That means the game renders at a higher or lower resolution, then scales it to fit the displayed resolution. In this way, a game can show more detail than your monitor normally allows. It's an option that demands the full power of the force, but can eek out extra quality from high-end rigs.
There are other little changes to be made outside of the presets too, including setting the motion blur percentage. It unlocks as long as post-processing is high or ultra. There's also a selection of other individual options like shadows, terrain, and more, that can all be set from low to ultra. Post FX is the only option that deals in absolutes. Anti-aliasing includes FXAA low, medium, and high, as well as TAA on or off, depending on your graphics card.
Fully armed and operational
In order to see how Battlefront runs on a variety of systems, we've tested it on Digital Trends' Skylake test system, my home gaming rig, and an entry-level Dell laptop with discrete graphics.
The first system in our test run is the Skylake gaming machine we use for benchmarking graphics cards. Under the hood is an Intel Core i7-6700K, 16GB of RAM, and an Nvidia GeForce GTX 980 Ti. It's the only system in our lineup that we trust to run the game in 4K at acceptable framerates. The game automatically recommended ultra settings, and even with everything turned up the system still managed to average between 40 and 50 frames per second at 4K, even on Endor, the map we've found to be the most demanding.
My home rig is powered by an Intel Core i7-4771 processor, with 8GB of RAM, and an MSI Lighting R9 290X, hooked up to a 1080p display. The auto-detect cranked all of the settings up to Ultra, with anti-aliasing set to FXAA high. With those out-of-the-box settings, the game runs smoothly at 88 frames per second – a great score, which had me feeling cocky. This gave me headroom to turn super-sampling up to 150 percent while maintaining a 60FPS average.
The Dell laptop boasts an Intel Core i5-6300HQ, 8GB of RAM, and a GeForce GTX 960M with 4GB of VRAM. It's no bantha, and that shows in how well it runs Battlefront. The auto-detect places the configuration at a combination of medium and high settings, which results in about 70 FPS. Even when turned up to ultra, the Dell laptop manages to hold the framerate above 30 frames per second.
Stretch out with your feelings
The keyboard and mouse are the perfect tool for charging into battle as a Stormtrooper. Aiming is easier than with a controller, and the PC's responsive setup makes a quick, 180-degree turn a cinch to execute. However, the mouse is mediocre when using land vehicles, and renders flying vehicles largely unplayable.
Gamepads are compatible, and work better with vehicles, but that leaves PC gamers with a difficult choice. Compromise the shooter experience for a more intuitive dogfighting experience, or avoid TIE Fighter tokens in favor of perfect sharpshooting?
There's a third option, and that's to switch back and forth. Star Wars Battlefront is more than capable of switching between the two on the fly, and keeps track of settings regardless of control method, so there's no need to re-assign keys in between.
The Origin of the dark side
Origin, EA's marketplace, community, and game launcher, is entirely separate from the ever-popular Steam, and it remains a problem.
The minor annoyance of having to keep one or two games in another launcher is one thing, but we ran into bigger issues. Hoping to include Battlefront as one of our benchmark games, we started running tests with different graphics cards, but were quickly locked out.
Origin decided that too many systems had accessed the game in a short period (which as it turns out is five machines in 24 hours.) The support page suggested we talk to customer service if we were running benchmarks and wanted to avoid the issue. When we did, the advisor on the other end informed us, very apologetically, that we were locked out of our Origin account entirely for 48 hours. Strangely, that appeared to be untrue, as the account worked. But Star Wars Battlefront remained locked.
It's understandable, to a degree, that EA might want to prevent players from accessing the game on multiple systems. One copy, one instance of the game – that seems fair. But it's also undeniable that being locked out is a major annoyance, and one we've never encountered with games played through Steam.
After some conversation and footwork on our part, EA was able to resolve the issue, but we also have access to press contacts that most gamers won't.
In my experience, there's no such thing as luck
Much to the glee of PC gamers everywhere, Star Wars Battlefront will run faster and smoother on machines than a lot of recent AAA titles have. Especially at 4K, the benchmarks from our test system indicate a performance level that's very similar to Battlefield 4.
Like most newer games, it's not going to run on every system, and it's certainly not going to run on integrated graphics. That's thanks in large part to the Frostbite engine, which is no longer a padawan. That doesn't mean Battlefront isn't a gorgeous game by any means, but it may be a sign that we're moving further towards more accessible 4K gaming, and that's always refreshing to see.
Our gripes have to do with the issues separate from performance. Vehicle controls could use some work, and dog-fighting in particular is a major pain with the keyboard and mouse. That's disappointing, since X-Wing vs. Tie Fighter dogfights are a classic part of Star Wars, and in Battlefront they're as fun as they are memorable. Origin, meanwhile, is a chore, and the company's DRM policy isn't great.
Still, DICE's work deserves praise. The game looks amazing, perfectly captures the feel of Star Wars' great battles, and does so at a reasonable frame rate. PC is clearly the platform of choice — as long as you can put up with Origin.
Nvidia GeForce RTX 3000: News, rumors, and everything we know so far
EA's Star Wars stranglehold is gone, just as the games were getting good
The best graphics settings for GTA V
How to build a gaming PC for Cyberpunk 2077
GTX 1660 vs. GTX 1660 Super vs. GTX 1660 Ti vs. RTX 2060
The best PC power supply for 2021


text:
Михал Цесляк (; род. 19 апреля 1989, Радом, Польша) — перспективный польский боксёр-профессионал, выступающий в первой тяжёлой и в тяжёлой весовых категориях. Среди профессионалов претендент на титул чемпиона мира по версиям WBC (2019), WBO (2022), международный чемпион Польши (2019-2020) в 1-м тяжёлом весе.

Лучшая позиция по рейтингу BoxRec — 7-я (декабрь 2020) и является 1-м среди польских боксёров первой тяжёлой весовой категории, а по рейтингам основных международных боксёрских организаций занял 2-ю строчку рейтинга WBC, 7-ю строку рейтинга WBO, и 8-ю строку рейтинга IBF, — входя в ТОП-10 лучших боксёров первого тяжёлого веса всего мира.

Биография
Родился 19 апреля 1989 года в городе Радом, Польша.

Профессиональная карьера
Профессиональную боксёрскую карьеру Михал начал 29 июня 2013 года, победив единогласным решением судей небитого соотечественника Лукаша Зигмунта (1-0).

Бой с Сергеем Радченко
2 июня 2018 года в городе Легьоново (Польша) победил единогласным решением судей (счёт: 80-69 (трижды)) украинца Сергей Радченко (6-1).

Бой с Йоури Каленгой
1 марта 2019 года в городе Легьоново (Польша) досрочно победил путём отказа выйти на 8-й заключительный раунд опытного француза конголезского происхождения Йоури Каленгу (24-5).

Бой с Оланреваджу Дуродолой
31 мая 2019 года в городе Прушков (Польша) техническим нокаутом во 2-м раунде победил опытного нигерийца Оланреваджу Дуродолу (29-6), и завоевал вакантный титул международного чемпиона Польши в 1-м тяжёлом весе.

Чемпионский бой с Илунга Макабу
31 января 2020 года в городе Киншаса (ДР Конго), потерпел первое поражение единогласным решением судей (счёт: 112—114, 111—115 и 111—116) от опытного 32-летнего конголезца Илунга Макабу (26-2, 24 KO), в конкурентном бою за вакантный титул чемпиона мира по версии WBC в 1-м тяжёлом весе.

Статистика профессиональных боёв

Спортивные достижения

Профессиональные региональные
 2019—2020  Международный чемпион Польши.

Примечания

Ссылки

 Михал Чеслак — страница на сайте vRINGe.com
 Михал Цесляк — страница на сайте Ringside24.com

Боксёры Польши
Боксёры 2010-х годов
Боксёры 2020-х годов
Боксёры первой тяжёлой весовой категории
Боксёры тяжёлой весовой категории


This week's episode is all about giving back in a way that is sustainable to your life and maximizes impact around your cause.
A hallmark of every client Nicole has even coached is that they are values-driven women. And whether through their work or personal lives they seek ways to give back.
Many of them are also multi-passionate and have a ton of ideas and projects they are trying to juggle. Sound like you?
The #BlackSheepAsk Challenge is live!
There is a pipeline of change, where along a change journey to affect this wrong is your intervention going to be placed?
Social Entrepreneurship - Mission driven for-profit entity that from it's start is intended to do social good for world. Or non profits that create revenue generating streams.
One-for-One Model - Buy a product, company donates one.
B-Corps - "B Corp is to business what Fair Trade certification is to coffee or USDA Organic certification is to milk. B Corps are for-profit companies certified by the nonprofit B Lab to meet rigorous standards of social and environmental performance, accountability, and transparency."
Non Profit with Revenue Generating Streams - These organizations are supported by both donations and "incorporate some form of revenue generation through commercial means into their operations. Income-generating activities are not conducted as a separate business, but rather are integrated into the organization's other activities."
Social return on investment (SROI) - "is a principles-based method for measuring extra-financial value (i.e., environmental and social value not currently reflected in conventional financial accounts) relative to resources invested."
Have a cause or effort you support - tell us so we can support and share with the community.


text:
February 2, 2023 | How an Artificial Chemical Clock Imitates a Mysterious Property of Circadian Rhythms
February 2, 2023 | A Revolutionary New Physics Hypothesis: Three Time Dimensions, One Space Dimension
February 2, 2023 | Cosmic Breakthrough: Accurate New Map of All the Matter in the Universe Released
February 2, 2023 | International Space Station Is GO for Thursday Spacewalk
February 1, 2023 | A Nationwide Issue – The Surprising Link Between Warm Days and Gun Violence in America
Home Space News
Rocky, Earth-Sized Exoplanet Is Missing an Atmosphere [Video]
TOPICS:AstronomyAstrophysicsExoplanetMITNASAPlanetary SciencePopular
By Jennifer Chu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology August 20, 2019
Artist's rendering of the surface of LHS 3844b, a planet that has been found to have no atmosphere. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (IPAC)
Study reports on search for an atmosphere around a planet somewhat similar to ours.
Astronomers at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have searched a rocky, Earth-sized exoplanet for signs of an atmosphere — and found none.
Atmospheres have previously been detected on planets much larger than our own, including several hot-Jupiters and sub-Neptunes, all of which are primarily made of ice and gas. But this is the first time scientists have been able to nail down whether an Earth-sized, terrestrial planet outside our solar system has an atmosphere.
The planet in question, LHS 3844b, was discovered in 2018 by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, TESS, and was measured to be about 1.3 times larger than Earth. The planet zips around its star in just 11 hours, making it one of the fastest orbiting exoplanets known. The star itself is a small, cool M-dwarf that resides just 49 light-years from Earth.
In a paper published today in Nature, the team reports that LHS 3844b likely has neither a thick, Venus-like atmosphere nor a thin, Earth-like atmosphere. Instead, the exoplanet is probably more similar to Mercury — a blistering, bare rock. If an atmosphere ever existed, the researchers say the star's radiation likely blasted it away early in the planet's formation.
"We basically found a hot planet with no gases around it," says co-author Daniel Koll, a postdoc in MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences. "This is the first time we've known anything in detail about the atmosphere of a planet around these M-dwarfs, which are the most common type of star, making LHS 3844b the most common type of rocky planet in the galaxy."
Could any form of life manage to take hold in such a barren wasteland? Koll and his colleagues say it's extremely unlikely, as the lack of an atmosphere would instantly cook off any organisms on the planet's surface. But that doesn't mean other terrestrial exoplanets are similarly without cover.
"We never thought this particular planet would be hospitable for life," says lead author Laura Kreidberg, a researcher at the Harvard Center for Astrophysics. "It's more a question of whether this whole category of planets around smaller stars has atmospheres or not. And our technique is a robust way of assessing whether an atmosphere is present or not."
Kreidberg and Koll's co-authors from MIT include Jason Dittmann, Ian Crossfield, David Berardo, Xueying "Sherry" Guo, George Ricker, Sara Seager, and Roland Vanderspek, along with colleagues from Harvard, the University of Texas at Austin, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Caltech, Stanford University, the University of Maryland, and Vanderbilt University.
This animation depicts the exoplanet LHS 3844b, a planet with no apparent atmosphere. Its surface may be covered mostly in dark volcanic rock, according to observations by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.
Planet LHS 3844b is located 48.6 light-years from Earth and makes one full revolution around its parent star in just 11 hours. It's 1.3 times the mass of Earth, orbits an M dwarf star, and was discovered in 2018 by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Satellite Survey (TESS).
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (IPAC)
Faces exposed
In 2018, LHS 3844b was among the first crop of extrasolar worlds confirmed by TESS, an MIT-developed satellite that monitors thousands of the closest, brightest stars, for transits — periodic dips in starlight that could signal a planet orbiting in front of the star, momentarily blocking its light.
Kreidberg and her team flagged LHS 3844b as an ideal laboratory, as its star is bright and nearby, and therefore a source against which scientists could study the planet in detail. As LHS 3844b is extremely close to its star, and thus incredibly hot, Kreidberg and Koll reasoned that it should give off enough heat to reveal clues as to whether it hosts an atmosphere.
Cartoon illustrating the brightness measured over time (white line) corresponding to a tidally locked planet orbiting its parent star. The brightness increases as the planet's hot dayside rotates into view. Credit: Laura Kreidberg
LHS 3844b is a tidally locked planet, meaning that it has a permanent day side and night side to its star, just as the moon always shows the same face to the Earth. If an atmosphere exists, it would circulate heat around the entire planet, and the heat emitted by both the day and night sides would be roughly the same. In the absence of an atmosphere, the day side would be considerably hotter than the night side.
As the planet orbits its star, an observer can see various faces of that planet. As it comes out from behind its star, the planet's day side is exposed. Then, as it circles in front of the star, the planet swivels to show its night side, before coming back around to expose its day side before crossing behind the star again.
The researchers figured that if they could measure the heat given off by the planet's various faces during its orbit, they could determine the temperature difference between the day side and night side, and ultimately, whether the planet has an atmosphere.
To test this idea, the team used NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, an instrument that measures infrared radiation, or heat, and pointed the telescope at LHS 3844b for 100 hours, capturing about 10 orbits of the planet in total. They measured the heat given off by the planet's various faces throughout each orbit.
"This has been done a lot for planets closer in size to Jupiter, but this is the very first time that this measurement has ever been made for a terrestrial planet around an M dwarf star," Koll says.
From their measurements, the researchers calculated that the dayside is a toasty 1,000 kelvins, or about 1,340 degrees Fahrenheit (727 Celsius), whereas the nightside plummets to as low as 0 K, or -460 F (-273 C). The drastic temperature difference indicates that the planet does not have a thick, Venus-like atmosphere that would distribute heat evenly around the entire planet.
The team simulated various scenarios involving thinner atmospheres of different compositions, but they found that none produced a heat distribution that matched their observations, indicating that the planet also does not host a thin, Earth-like atmosphere.
There was one scenario in which an extremely thin atmosphere, similar to that of Mars, could produce the planet's drastic heat difference. However, the team found that it was unlikely that such a thin atmosphere could remain stable, as the star's radiation would quickly blast away any trace gases surrounding the planet.
The researchers have concluded that LHS 3844b is essentially a super-hot, bare rock. But what type of rock could it be? In one last step, the team looked to identify its composition by measuring the reflectivity of the planet's surface. As we know on Earth, different minerals reflect light to various degrees — basalt, which is black, solidified lava, reflects very little light, whereas lighter-colored rocks like granite, containing minerals such as quartz, have a higher reflectivity. The team measured the ratio of the star's brightness to that of the planet's in order to calculate the planet's reflectivity.
"We can see a granite-like surface is ruled out by our data, whereas a dark material like a lava field in Hawaii, or the lunar mare, or like the surface of Mercury, is consistent with our observations," Kreidberg says.
While the group concluded there is an absence of any atmosphere — and, therefore, life — on LHS 3844b, they say this may not be the case for similar terrestrial exoplanets orbiting cool M-dwarfs. They hope to apply their technique to other rocky exoplanets, including ones that are further out from their stars and have a better chance of retaining an atmosphere.
"Atmospheres help protect life and shield it from ultraviolet radiation," Kreidberg says. "I would be thrilled to detect an atmosphere on a planet, even if it's a little too hot or too cold, because that would tell us, yes, some terrestrial exoplanets can have atmospheres, and probably somewhere out there, there's going to be one that's the right temperature, that has been able to keep liquid water."
For more information, read NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope Gets a Rare Look at the Surface of a Rocky Exoplanet.
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STAR – Satisfaction, Tracking and Review is the latest module in the Housing Jigsaw suite. Named through a competition where we asked you to 'Name the Software'. The winning entry was named by Amanda Delahunty of Bromsgrove & Redditch.
"Earlier in the year, we asked our PRAH customers what they would most like to see as the next development to support them, their customers and Housing Jigsaw. The clear winner was to develop a customer satisfaction tool which would provide reassurance to customers that their views were being heard and would enable local authorities to track and report back on customer satisfaction both internally within their Housing Team and to their wider Council.
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If you would like to learn more about STAR, please get in touch with us at info@housingjigsaw.co.uk. We look forward to hearing from you!


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Chile's Chuquicamata copper mine operations halved amid strike: Codelco
Fabian Cambero
SANTIAGO (Reuters) - Chile's Codelco said on Monday that its Chuquicamata copper mine, one of the world´s largest, had maintained output at 50% of capacity as it faced its fourth full day of a union strike.
FILE PHOTO: The foundry is seen during operational hours at the Chuquicamata open pit copper mine, which is owned by Chile's state-run copper producer Codelco, April 1, 2011. REUTERS/Ivan Alvarado/File Photo
More than 3,000 unionized workers at the world's top copper producer's sprawling Chuquicamata copper mine walked off the job last week after failing to reach a labor deal earlier this week with Codelco.
Chile's state-run miner said it has scrambled to put to work some 1,400 miners, most of whom pertain to unions which earlier struck contract deals with the company and had opted not joined the strike.
"For now we are maintaining [production] at 50%, but we are working towards 60%," Codelco told Reuters.
Union representatives challenged that statement, saying Codelco was exaggerating its ability to produce amid the strike.
Liliana Ugarte, president of Union 2, one of three striking unions, said that Codelco had yet to approach the unions to reinitiate talks.
"On the contrary, Codelco is making things worse...by making statements that only serve to infuriate workers," Ugarte said.
The mine produced 320,744 tonnes of copper in 2018.
Codelco, which last month reported an 18% year-on-year drop in its first-quarter copper output, is seeking to transform the century-old deposit at Chuquicamata into an underground mine as part of a 10-year, $39 billion overhaul of Codelco's key operations.
The overhaul has meant job cuts in some areas of the mine, making relations tense with workers.
Copper production at Chile's top mines dropped sharply in the first quarter of 2019, Chilean copper commission Cochilco said in May, amid a perfect storm of operational issues, heavy rains and falling ore grades at the largest deposits.
Reporting by Fabian Cambero; writing by Dave Sherwood; Editing by Marguerita Choy


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Rhinocypha drusilla – gatunek ważki z rodziny Chlorocyphidae. Występuje w południowych Chinach i prawdopodobnie jest endemitem tego kraju.

Przypisy

Rhinocypha
Ważki Azji
Gatunki i podgatunki zwierząt nazwane w 1930 roku


Equity crowdfunding could open up a whole new world of investment in small business. Are you ready?
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The eventual passage of Title III of the JOBS Act will open up a whole new world of investment to regular people like you and me. Not only will it allow tens of millions to profit from investment in start-up companies but the increase in funding for small businesses could help the economy shoot higher.
On Crowd101, you'll find all the information you need to analyze crowdfunding projects and invest for market-beating returns. We'll also cover important topics for supporters of donation-based crowdfunding campaigns.
Check out our Investors and Supporters category for all our posts on crowdfund investing or supporting a campaign.
What are you really getting with equity crowdfunding?
How is real estate crowdfunding leading to a development boom?
Want to know where crowdfunding is going next? Check out our view ahead post into crowdfunding 2016.


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Approved Development on the Market in Western SoMa
The toned-down plans for a 24-unit development to rise up to six stories in height upon the former CrossFit site at 1228 Folsom Street were approved by the City early last year.
The demolition plan to clear the through-block site, which stretches to Clementina, for construction has been approved and the requisite permits are pending.
But rather than preparing to break ground, the project team has now placed the Western SoMa parcel and approved plans for development, which include an 1,100-square-foot restaurant/retail space fronting Folsom and a 15-car garage with its entrance on Clementina, on the market for $6.95 million.
credit: sockesite


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Giants versus Jets: 10 things to watch for
Dan Salomone
Managing Editor, Giants.com
1. METLIFE BOWL
This is the 49th consecutive preseason that the Giants and Jets will meet since the series began in 1969. The Giants won last year's MetLife Bowl, 21-20, thanks to a late touchdown by Tavarres King. Ben McAdoo's first taste of victory as head coach came in last year's preseason game against the Jets. He went on to become the fourth coach in Giants history to lead the team to the playoffs in his first season, joining Allie Sherman (1961), Dan Reeves (1993) and Jim Fassel (1997).
2. PLAYING TIMEMcAdoo is currently navigating a schedule that has his team playing three games in 11 days. Upon returning from their Monday night game in Cleveland, the Giants have the Jets this weekend before wrapping up in New England on Thursday. So what does that mean for playing time in the all-important third preseason game? The Giants are still going to treat it similar to last year, when Eli Manning played one drive into the second half, but they "may make some adjustments" because of injuries and the condensed schedule.
3. INJURY REPORT
Wide receivers Odell Beckham Jr. (ankle), Brandon Marshall (shoulder), Dwayne Harris (upper body) and Tavarres King (ankle) have all missed time this week with injuries. Cornerback Michael Hunter and linebacker Keenan Robinson are in the concussion protocol.
4. ROSTER MOVES
On Thursday, the Giants signed defensive back Tim Scott, who was released earlier this month by the Washington Redskins, to take the spot of cornerback Valentino Blake, who was placed on the exempt/left squad list as he deals with personal issues. Earlier in the week, the team waived/injured wide receivers Darius Powe and Andrew Turzilli, and released offensive linemen Michael Bowie and Corin Brooks. Taking their places were offensive linemen Richard Levy and Matt Rotheram and wide receivers Marquis Bundy and C.J. Germany.
5. LEWIS STEPS UP AT WR
Wide receiver Roger Lewis, who made the roster last year as an undrafted rookie, has been taking snaps with the starters this week. Lewis had a couple big catches in 2016 and has shown his ability to stretch the field at practice, especially this week with the number of injuries to the wide receiver unit. He could see plenty of action against the Jets. The same goes for undrafted rookie Travis Rudolph, who also got a bump up.
6. OV, JPP IN MIDSEASON FORM
First they teamed up for an interception against the Browns, and then they teamed up for a sack. Defensive ends Jason Pierre-Paul and Olivier Vernon were firing on all cylinders in their first game together since Week 13 of last season. Pierre-Paul made the pick, but a play Vernon made later in the game got most of the attention after he trailed a rookie first-round draft pick 35 yards downfield to break up a pass on the opposite sideline.
7. DRC AT SAFETY?
Dominique Rodgers-Cromartie, who picked up second-team All-Pro honors last year while playing primarily as the nickel cornerback, appeared at safety for a few snaps against the Browns. He practiced there a few times leading up to it, but he had never done so before in a game in his 10-year career. Rodgers-Cromartie said it was probably a one-time thing as the Giants just wanted to check out a new package. Since 2007, no player in the league has more passes defensed than Rodgers-Cromartie.
Through the Years: Giants vs. Jets
The best photos from the all-time series between the Giants and Jets
8. GIANTS-JETS CROSSOVERS
Big Blue currently has a handful of players who once suited up for Gang Green, including defensive tackle Damon Harrison (2012-15), wide receiver Brandon Marshall (2015-16), quarterback Geno Smith (2013-16) and kicker Mike Nugent (2005-08). From the other side, Jets linebacker Spencer Paysinger played four seasons for the Giants and was part of the Super Bowl XLVI championship team after making it as an undrafted rookie in 2011.
Photos: Notable players who suited up for both Giants & Jets
Check out players who have played on both the Giants and the Jets
WR Brandon Marshall
DT Damon Harrison
QB Geno Smith
WR Plaxico Burress
OT Kareem McKenzie
RB Dave Meggett
Punter Dave Jennings
LB Pepper Johnson
Punter Steve Weatherford
WR Don Maynard
LB Steve DeOssie
Kicker Jay Feely
Safety Sam Garnes
DT Erik Howard
OT Jumbo Elliott
Kicker Raul Allegre
9. QB ROTATION
While Manning is expected to play the first half, give or take, playing time for Geno Smith, Josh Johnson and Davis Webb remains to be seen. Last week, McAdoo wanted to get all four quarterbacks in the game, but with the way things unfolded, Manning and Smith played the majority before Johnson quarterbacked a single drive at the end of the game (Webb did not play). Smith's night ended after two consecutive drives resulted in turnovers: an interception at the goal line and a fumble by rookie running back Wayne Gallman on a handoff. "Taking care of the ball would be an important part of being on this team, yes," McAdoo said.
10. ROSTER CUTS LOOMING
Clubs must reduce their active roster to a maximum of 53 players by 4 p.m. ET on Saturday of Labor Day Weekend. Instead of first cutting down to 75 players like the league did in the past, teams will go straight from 90 to 53 because of a rule change.
"Yeah, the cut-down rule will make it interesting," McAdoo said. "There will be a lot of players out there and a lot of good players out there. Some teams are stockpiling at some positions and they may not keep them around, so you will be able to find some good players out there that have some experience possibly that can come in and make your team better."
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JamLax taking advantage of pandemic downtime
Published:Saturday | January 2, 2021 | 12:14 AMDaniel Wheeler/Staff Reporter
National under-19 lacrosse player Ishcah Brown catches the ball during a Jamaica training session at Wolmer's Preparatory School on Saturday, June 8, 2019.
While Jamaica will have to wait a year before making its debut at the Women's Lacrosse World Cup, head coach Karli Brentlinger says that she does not plan to waste the additional time gained to fully prepare for the event.
The tournament, which was scheduled to take place in the United States in July, was postponed to 2022 because of the coronavirus pandemic. Jamaica became the first Caribbean country ever to qualify for the tournament in 2019 when they placed third in the Pan American Championship.
Brentlinger said that because of the difficulty to assemble the team for training sessions, in addition to the travel challenges given that the majority of the coaching staff resides in the United States, the postponement of the tournament came at the right time for the programme to properly determine how to proceed.
"I think since the pandemic hit, it has been a really wild ride for everyone, specifically for us in the aspect of training," Brentlinger said. "We thought about and tried to set a few things up, but we just felt like for the health and safety for all of our players, coaching staff and their families, it was best that we didn't host any gatherings or training sessions, or open try-outs or anything like that. Once we heard that everything was postponed to 2022 it was sort of a blessing for us."
Brentlinger said that plans to visit Jamaica to watch the finals of the high school championships were scrapped because of the pandemic.
RECRUITING PLAYERS
She said that the focus has shifted towards the recruitment of players that she hopes will play an active part in the plans for 2022, with plans to incorporate players from their youth ranks, specifically those who participated in the Under-19 World Lacrosse Championships last year in Canada. Brentlinger said that time has also been spent helping young players transition to the college level.
"Several of them are actually playing college lacrosse in the US, so they have had some training and are currently playing," she said. "And then the majority of our senior women's team that competed in the Pan American Lacrosse Association Championships with us last November, they are US citizens working on getting Jamaican passports.
"Getting everyone together and really putting the best, most talented team, together is what we are looking to do as a coaching staff, but that can't happen until we can have everyone training together, really seeing where our strengths and weaknesses lie as a unit."
Brentlinger said that a timetable has not yet been determined regarding when training activities can commence. However, she said that she hopes to return to Jamaica at some point this year to resume activities with the under-19 groups who participated in last year's high school championships. The finals were also cancelled last March because of the pandemic.
daniel.wheeler@gleanerjm.com
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Byrne Said Obama's War Proposal Lacks A Clear Strategy
Published on February 12, 2015 at 12:47 pm CST
On Wednesday, February 11, 2015, Congressman Bradley Byrne (R-Mobile) said that President Obama has not articulated an adequate strategy to defeat ISIS. US Representative Byrne issued a statement following President Obama's submission to Congress for a new Authorization for the Use of Military Force (AUMF) to defeat the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
Rep. Byrne said, "I told Secretary Hagel when he was before our Committee back in December that in order for me to support a request for an Authorization for Use of Military Force that I needed to hear the President's strategy for winning the war against ISIL. I have not heard an adequate strategy yet."
Rep. Byrne continued, "I hope a clear strategy is forthcoming. If it is, even though we may have to change some of the precise wording, then I want to do what I can to support the effort to get rid of these people because they clearly mean harm to the American people. I want to be able to support an AUMF, but I need to hear a strategy from the President first."
On Wednesday, the President asked Congress to formally authorize the use of military force in the war against ISIS, which has already been going on for six months.
President Obama said, "Now, make no mistake, this is a difficult mission and it will remain difficult for some time. Our coalition is on the offensive, ISIL is on the defensive and ISIL is going to lose."
In less than four years, we have gone from a relatively peaceful democratically elected Iraq to chaos and genocide requiring much greater American force. Most experts acknowledge now that it was a mistake for U.S. forces to leave the country in 2011. Whether through bad intelligence or naivety on the part of the administration, ISIS, which the President dismissed as the "Al Qaeda Junior Varsity team," was severely underestimated and international efforts to overthrow the Assad regime in Syria may have helped create the conditions in that country for the ISIS terrorist movement to thrive.
ISIS has now seized a nation wide swath of territory in Syria and Iraq for what they call the beginning of a new Caliphate. An estimated 13 million people now live under the violent rule of a collection of international terrorists that began with remnants of Al Qaeda's force in Iraq who retreated into Syria following their defeat by American forces in the country in the Iraq War.
The administration estimates that ISIS's force in Syria and Iraq has been re-enforced by as many as 20,000 fighters from over 90 countries, including an estimated 3,400 from western countries and over 150 from the US That number is fluid as international fighters enter and leave the country. Air Strikes by U.S. forces and our allies to this point have not dislodged the terrorists.
President Obama was joined by Vice President Joe Biden, Secretary of State John Kerry (D) and Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel (R), when he outlined the parameters of the new AUMF.
The President is asking for a "systemic and sustained campaign of airstrikes" support and training for forces on the ground and humanitarian assistance. He is not asking for the deployment of American ground troops in Iraq and Syria.
Many military experts have publicly questioned if the Administration is still now underestimating just how bad the situation is on the ground and question the effectiveness of a strategy that does not involve American ground troops.
President Obama said, "I am convinced that the US should not get back into another ground war in the Middle East — it's not in our national security interest and not necessary for us to defeat ISIL."
Speaker of the House John Boehner said in a statement, "If we are going to defeat this enemy, we need a comprehensive military strategy and a robust authorization, not one that limits our options." "Any authorization for the use of military force must give our military commanders the flexibility and authorities they need to succeed and protect our people…I have concerns that the president's request does not meet this standard."
Congressman Bradley Byrne represents Alabama's First Congressional District.
Click here to see a video of Rep. Byrne's comments.
Opinion | Jerry Carl: The lame duck Congress returns
My priority will be making sure your tax dollars are spent wisely.
Jerry CarlNovember 29, 2022


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PORT TOBACCO -- Residents living near the Port Tobacco Marina expressed virulent opposition yesterday to the 22-acre restaurant-bar-boating facility becoming the site of the state's fifth off-track betting parlor.
"What you are going to do is irrevocably destroy the character of a quiet, residential community if you grant this license," Geoffrey Heath, a spokesman for the Port Tobacco-Riviera Civic Association told members of the Maryland Racing Commission, who gathered at the site yesterday to hear public sentiment.
The marina is at the end of a two-lane road lined by residential properties in rural Charles County about five miles west of La Plata.
Heath said residents are "nearly unanimous in opposition" to the proposal. He cited traffic, zoning and environmental problems as among reasons why the license should be rejected. About 50 angry residents signed up to speak in opposition to the OTB.
Vincent "Cap" Mona, proprietor of the marina, said he is seeking a parimutuel license to revive sagging food and beverage sales at his restaurant and said that an OTB is "the shot in the arm this county needs."
According to documents filed in Mona's application, the marina site is zoned for "commercial village" purposes, which would include its use as a horse-race betting outlet.
Mona said the facility initially would employ about 50 extra persons if it is converted to a gambling operation.
Racing commission chairman Allan Levey said: "The residents made a definite impact on the commission. We'll discuss the matter in the next couple of days.
"The opposition was a vast majority of the neighbors that are very concerned. The whole commission was impressed by how organized and how much time they had spent investigating other OTBs and things such as their traffic patterns."
Levey added that the board's decision will be announced "within the next two weeks."
Other Maryland OTBS are located in Urbana, North East, Cambridge and at a restaurant located on a pier in the Maryland portion of the Potomac River in Colonial Beach, Va.


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Brynn Bowman
May 25, 2012 by UI Health Care
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It was September 2010 when Leann Bowman's pregnancy took a sudden turn.
Leann and husband Jarod were expecting their third child, and things had been progressing normally. A routine ultrasound at 20 weeks brought alarming news: A large mass had developed at the base of their unborn baby girl's spine.
Immediately the Bowmans were referred to University of Iowa Stead Family Children's Hospital for an appointment the next day. UI specialists diagnosed the mass as a sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)— typically a non-cancerous, yet potentially life-threatening, tumor.
"We were at 20 weeks, with 20 weeks to go, wondering whether or not our baby was going to make it," Jarod says.
The couple met with Graeme Pitcher, MB, BCh, a UI Stead Family Children's Hospital pediatric surgeon who had years of experience with SCTs. The Bowmans were understandably frightened, but after talking with Pitcher, they knew they were in good hands.
"He had an overwhelmingly calm demeanor," Leann says. "He sat with us and explained everything. He waited while we cried and asked more questions."
Helping Leann reach the 30-week mark of her pregnancy was key to the baby's development and survival. Leeann returned regularly to UI Hospitals & Clinics for prenatal care.
There were complications, however. The benign tumor continued to grow, potentially depriving the baby of blood and nutrients necessary for healthy development. Leann also had too much amniotic fluid, and the medical team detected an abnormal buildup of fluid around the baby's heart.
UI specialists performed four separate procedures to drain Leann's excess amniotic fluid. During the fifth procedure, at 31 weeks pregnant, she went into labor.
Brynn was born via C-section on Dec. 6, 2010, and rushed to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Thirty-six hours later, Pitcher and the pediatric surgical team removed the two-and-a-half pound tumor. It was a delicate, five-hour procedure, but the operation was a success.
For the next several weeks, Brynn remained in the NICU as doctors and nurses closely monitored her recovery. Christmas Eve 2010 was especially poignant as the Bowman family—including Brynn's sisters, Jayda and Lilly—spent the night together at the hospital. With each day, Brynn made remarkable progress.
"Dr. (Jonathan) Klein and the entire NICU team were amazing," Jarod says. "Everybody is there to help, and they'll do anything it takes."
Just before New Year's Eve, Brynn was transferred to a hospital closer to home. After one month, she was able to go home for the first time.
Brynn may face additional health issues as she gets older, so she returns to UI Stead Family Children's Hospital for follow-up care. But for now, the toddler continues to impress her doctors and nurses—and her parents—with her strength and attitude.
"The sky is the limit for that one," Leann says with a smile. "Nothing is going to hold her back."
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Brunhilde: Queen of Austrasia
History Of Feminism
Women & War
Laws & Womens Rights
Feminist Texts
Ancient History and Culture
Medieval & Renaissance History
Humanities › History & Culture
Powerful Frankish Queen
Culture Club/Getty Images
by Jone Johnson Lewis
Jone Johnson Lewis has a Master of Divinity, and is a humanist clergy member and certified transformational coach. She has been involved in the women's movement since the late 1960s.
Not to be confused with the figure in Germanic and Icelandic mythology, also called Brunhilda, a warrior and valkyrie deceived by her lover, though that figure may borrow from the story of the Visigothic princess Brunhilde.
As was typical for a woman's role in a ruling family, Brunhilde's fame and power came primarily because of her connections to male relatives. That doesn't mean she didn't serve an active role, including likely being behind murder.
The Merovingians ruled Gaul or France -- including some areas now outside France — from the 5th century into the 8th century. The Merovingians replaced the declining Roman powers in the area.
Sources for the story of Brunhilde include "History of the Franks" by Gregory of Tours and Bede's "Ecclesiastic History of the English People."
Also known as: Brunhilda, Brunhild, Brunehilde, Brunechild, Brunehaut.
Father: Athanagild, Visigoth king
Mother: Goiswintha
Husband: King Sigebert, Frankish king of Austrasia*
Sister: Galswintha, who married Brunhilde's husband's half-brother, Chilperic of Neustria*
Son: Childebert II - Brunhilde served as his regent
Daughter: Ingund
Second husband: Merovech, son of Chilperic of Neustria and of Audovera (marriage nullified)
Grandsons: Theodoric II, Theodebert II
Greatgrandson: Sigebert II
Brunhilde was likely born in Toledo, the main city of the Visigoths, in 545. She was raised as an Arian Christian.
Brunhilde married King Sigebert of Austrasia in 567, after which her sister Galswintha married Sigebert's half-brother, Chilperic, king of the neighboring kingdom of Neustria. Brunhilde converted to Roman Christianity upon her marriage. Sigebert, Chilperic, and their two brothers had divided the four kingdoms of France among them — the same kingdoms their father, Chlothar I, son of Clovis I, had united.
Brunhilde's First Murder Scheme
When Chilperic's mistress, Fredegunde, engineered Galswintha's murder, and then married Chilperic, forty years of war began, reputedly at the urging of Brunhilde, anxious for revenge. Another of the brothers, Guntram, mediated at the beginning of the dispute, awarding Galswintha's dower lands to Brunhilde.
The Bishop of Paris presided over the negotiations of a peace treaty, but it didn't last long. Chilperic invaded Sigebert's territory, but Sigebert repelled this effort and instead took over Chilperic's lands.
Spreading Reach and Asserting Power
In 575, Fredegunde had Sigebert assassinated and Chilperic claimed Sigebert's kingdom. Brunhilde was put into prison. Then Chilperic's son Merovech by his first wife, Audovera, married Brunhilde. But their relationship was too close for church law, and Chilperic acted, capturing Merovich and forcing him to become a priest. Merovech later had himself killed by a servant.
Brunhilde asserted the claim of her son, Childebert II, and her own claim as regent. The nobles refused to support her as regent, instead supporting Sigebert's brother, Guntram, king of Burgundy and Orleans. Brunhilde left for Burgundy while her son Childebert stayed in Austrasia.
In 592, Childebert inherited Burgundy when Guntram died. But Childebert then died in 595, and Brunhilde supported her grandsons Theodoric II and Theodebert II who inherited both Austrasia and Burgundy.
Brunhilde continued the war with Fredegund, ruling as regent for her son, Chlotar II, after the death of Chilperic under mysterious circumstances. In 597, Fredegund died, shortly after Chlotar was able to win a victory and regain Austrasia.
Scheming and Execution
In 612, Brunhilde arranged for her grandson Theodoric to murder his brother Theodebert, and the next year Theodoric died, too. Brunhilde then took up the cause of her great-grandson, Sigebert II, but the nobility refused to recognize him and instead threw their support to Chlotar II.
In 613, Chlotar executed Brunhilde and her great-grandson Sigebert. Brunhilde, almost 80 years old, was dragged to death by a wild horse.
*Austrasia: today's northeastern France and western Germany
**Neustria: today's northern France
Bede. "Ecclesiastical History of the English People." Penguin Classics, Revised edition, Penguin Classics, May 1, 1991.
Of Tours, Gregory. "History of the Franks." First edition, Penguin Books, 1974.
11 Queens in Gaul During the 5th and 6th Centuries
Saint Clotilde: Allying the Frankish King with Rome
The History of Calling Female Rulers Queen
Key Events in French History
Isabella of Angouleme: Young Queen Consort of John of England
Princess Olga of Kiev, Also Known as Saint Olga, Founded a Religion
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Women of Power in the Middle Ages: Queens, Empresses, and More
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The Rulers of England
Biography of Charles Martel, Frankish Military Leader and Ruler
Biography of Olympias, Mother of Alexander the Great
13 Medieval Women of Power and Influence
Biography of Mary, Queen of Scots


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Home	Reviews	Film Review – Woman Walks Ahead (2018)
Film Review – Woman Walks Ahead (2018)
by Donatella du Plessis September 13, 2018
written by Donatella du Plessis September 13, 2018
Breathtaking cinematography and fine acting cannot save Woman Walks Ahead from a silly, underdeveloped script. It turns what could have been a great film into an average one.
The following review will be spoiler free.
Directed by : Susanna White
Written by: Steven Knight.
Starring: Jessica Chastain, Michael Greyeyes, Sam Rockwell, Ciarán Hinds, Chaske Spencer, and Kindall Charters
When Catherine Weldon (Jessica Chastain)'s husband dies, she decides to revive the passion for painting that married life denied her. After chucking her husband's portrait in a river, she boards a train to North Dakota to paint the legendary Sioux chief, Sitting Bull (Michael Greyeyes). When the long hours spent with Sitting Bull lead to empathy with the Lakota's reluctance to vote away 50% of their land under the Dawes Act, Catherine decides to campaign against the act, with tragic consequences.
Jessica Chastain as a Reanimated Straw Doll
Image via teasertrailer.com
The convention-defying artistic woman is such a staple of the period drama that it has regrettably become a cliché. Catherine is a stereotype who seems to have time-traveled from 2018 with copies of Women Who Run with the Wolves and Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee in her backpack. It is difficult to gauge any of her motivations that are not entirely abstract. This problem could easily have been remedied by making the character more like the real thing. The original Catherine Weldon was extraordinary even by today's standards. She faced every problem that extramarital affairs, children out of wedlock and campaigning for Indian Rights could cause a nineteenth-century woman. The filmmakers, however, decided to not trust their audience and turned a real person into a straw doll.
Fortunately, Chastain's performance is so strong that one barely notices this. She portrays Catherine as radiant with inner strength, grit, pathos and vulnerability, all with great emotional maturity. Chastain is also pleasingly skillful at portraying Catherine's excruciating awkwardness within the Lakota society she is trying to understand. She commits gaff after gaff and her acceptance by the Lakota is not a walk in the park. The determination to not turn Catherine into Lawrence of Arabia doesn't quite save Woman Walks Ahead from 'White Saviour Complex' accusations, though. Sitting Bull, for example, only campaigns against the Dawes Act at Catherine's irreverent instigation. It's a thoughtless oversight, and worse it adds nothing to the plot.
Michael Greyeyes' Exquisite Performance and Superfluous Shirt
Image via myfavouritewesterns.com
Michael Greyeyes' subtle and charismatic portrayal of Sitting Bull is one of the great joys of this film. Effortlessly mercurial, Greyeyes succeeds in conveying volcanic despair and fear, as well as light-heartedness and a sense of irony. His performance reaches its summit in the exquisite speech in which Sitting Bull argues, through an interpreter, against the Dawes Act. The speech is powerful, but beautifully understated. It's emotive, but strikingly lacking in the aggressive masculinity that would have turned Greyeyes' Sitting Bull from a human being to a noble savage. The only problem I had with Greyeyes' performance (which actually has nothing to do with Greyeyes himself) is that by the film's end, I was getting seriously tired of seeing Sitting Bull constantly skinning off his shirt. Seriously, can't Hollywood find something else for Native American actors to do?
The dynamic between Chastain and Greyeyes is both elemental and pleasingly companionable. Indeed, it has the distinction of both being a cliché and destroying a cliché all at the same time. In the face of the attention that Chastain and Greyeyes' chemistry brings to the scenes they share, the film's supporting actors fade away and leave little impression. Sam Rockwell rides around being Sam Rockwell, Ciarán Hinds is utterly wasted, and Chaske Spencer and Kindall Charters move in and out of sight and mind, not doing much of anything to hold our attention.
The Scenery is Sublime
Image via observer.com
Woman Walks Ahead is worth seeing for the cinematography alone. The vast and lonely prairies coupled with the rosy-fingered dawns and silhouetted sunsets make North Dakota seem like a land worth dying for. Beautiful as it is, the scenery only just compensates the viewer for the infinitely silly script and makes one wonder if the filmmakers intended it that way.
The script is Woman Walks Ahead's greatest failing, and owes much to the skill of the film's actors to prevent its awfulness from being too noticeable:
Catherine: The only battle I ever fought against was insignificance.
Sitting Bull: So live more.
Gross. It never gets any better than that. There's a lot of "Feeling Free" out on prairies, "You Know Who I Am"-ing and "This is the Most Beautiful [insert random thing here] That I Have Ever Seen"-ing. Writer Steven Knight gives the impression of never having had an original thought in his life. Yet, in the script's defense it does have some good moments. The haunting description of the Ghost Dance displays a Peter Jacksonesque talent for making idiot-proof art. Also, Sitting Bull's wry refusal to wear his feathers, "For the same reason you would not wear your wedding dress." is so intelligent that even the Khloe Kardashians of the world must be capable of understanding it. Perhaps dumbing down has perks, after all.
Woman Walks Ahead is beautifully made and features some excellent acting performances, but the filmmakers' obvious desire to use these strengths to disguise the disappointing script is sometimes rather obvious.
Grade: C+
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Donatella du Plessis
Donatella lives above a garage in Johannesburg, South Africa with a laptop and 2500 books. When she's not reading, writing or teaching French and English, she's wishing for a cat, a steampunk coffee maker and a time machine to the Victorian era.
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Lori Hopkins September 28, 2018 - 10:07 am
"Noble savage" Seriously? Shame on you!
Caitlin Bell September 30, 2018 - 9:09 am
I believe the author was talking about a trope within these types of movies. I don't think they meant it the way you are taking the term. Movies about the Native Peoples of North America really need to do better overall in the way they are represented. There usually are only two or three ways they are shown on film — and you are correct that we should shame Hollywood for these tropes more often.
Nick Kush September 13, 2018 - 10:41 am
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Q: Filter specific rows I have got a data frame (which is called "data.set.y"). And I would like to get subset of this data frame (which I call data.frame.y.p1). This subset contains all rows that contain the string 1990 or 1991 or 1992 or 1993 or 1994 or 1995 or 1996 or 1997 or 1998 or 1999 in the column "Entity"
I got the right subset with the following code:
data.set.y.p1 <- subset(data.set.y, substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1990 | substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1991 |
                                    substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1992 | substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1993 |
                                    substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1994 | substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1995 |
                                    substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1996 | substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1997 |
                                    substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1998 | substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == 1999)

Now I would like to substitute this long code with something more elegant. I tried already the following:
years <- c(1990:1999)
data.set.y.p1 <- subset(data.set.y, substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) == years)

But it does not work.
Does anybody have an idea how to get rid of all this single conditions with all the years?

A: I believe the %in% operator is what you're looking for:
data.set.y.p1 <- subset(data.set.y, substring(data.set.y$Entity, 13,16) %in% years)


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May 1, 2014 · 12:01 pm
No Stability Without Accountability
On 15 December 2013, political tensions within South Sudan's ruling party, the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), boiled over. In Juba, members of the presidential guard loyal to President Salva Kiir fought those who supported former Vice-President Riek Machar. Violence spread quickly throughout the capital and into Unity and Jonglei states, taking on a worrying ethnic dimension as Dinka and Nuer – Kiir and Machar's ethnic groups, respectively – targeted one another. (See our South Sudan page for more details about the crisis).
As the Security Council prepares to meet on Friday, 2 May on the situation in South Sudan (with a briefing from UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, Adama Dieng), ICRtoP releases its latest blog piece. Written by ICRtoP's Aisling Leow, the blog examines the most recent shocking ethnic violence in the South Sudanese towns of Bentiu and Bor, the latest attempts at peace talks and mediation, and the ultimate need for accountability.
Attacks in Bentiu and Bor, April 15-17
While South Sudan has been consumed by violence since December, the events of two weeks ago are arguably the most shocking of the conflict. On the 15th and 16th of April, predominantly Nuer rebel forces captured the town of Bentiu in Unity state, killing at least 400 in ethnically targeted violence. The following day, a Dinka group gained entry to the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) compound in Bor and opened fire on its mostly-Nuer inhabitants. Initial reports stated that at least 58 people were killed, and 100 wounded, including two UN peacekeepers.
Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has condemned the Bor attack as a war crime, a move followed by the Security Council and several states. UNMISS has decried the killings in Bentiu, and the use of hate speech over the radio. Civil society groups have been vocal, including Coalition member United to End Genocide, and have called for a full cessation of hostilities and an investigation into the violence.
There has also been increased activity at the UN. The Security Council has held an emergency meeting on 23 April 2014, while Navi Pillay, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and Adama Dieng, Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, have travelled to South Sudan on 28 April at the Secretary General's request.
But where do we go from here? As the world wakes up to an ongoing crisis suddenly highlighted by the attacks in Bentiu and Bor, it should be aware of the possible 'next steps' in the international community's response and the undeniable necessity of ensuring accountability for such atrocities.
The Immediate Need for a Ceasefire
In the short-term, everything hinges on an enforced ceasefire. Speaking in Juba on 28 April, Pillay said the 'immediate concern' was that both parties respected the cessation of hostilities agreement – signed on 23 January 2014, and largely ignored since.
Peace negotiations mediated by the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) – a regional organisation – are the most promising efforts toward this end. In fact, the talks have been described by Herve Ladsous, Under-Secretary-General for the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, as 'the only game in town'. But this is worrying, given that the status of Phase II negotiations seems to have alternated between 'delayed' and 'stalled' for the past three months.
To keep parties at the table, the international community has threatened targeted sanctions against those who undermine the peace process. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry may impose unilateral American sanctions during his upcoming visit to East Africa. And the Security Council is reportedly considering sanctions too.
Along with the release of four political prisoners in Juba (a previous sticking point in negotiations) these measures are cause for cautious optimism as the third session of talks resume. But US Ambassador to South Sudan, Susan Page, says she can't see progress in negotiations without a ceasefire – a worrying catch-22.
One measure meant to 'reinforce or realize the cessation of hostilities' was the IGAD Protection and Deterrence Force (PDF) authorised on 13 March 2014. These forces would protect the IGAD teams that have been monitoring the current 'ceasefire' since the beginning of April.
There was talk that the force might cooperate with UNMISS on this front, but the PDF has yet to be deployed, and UNMISS has its hands full with more than 75,000 people sheltering in overcrowded UN compounds.
Critical Humanitarian Crisis
Supporting humanitarian access is vital, as ongoing fighting disrupts aid deliveries to 4.9 million people in need of assistance. According to Amnesty International, the unfolding humanitarian catastrophe in South Sudan will kill more people than the conflict.
A ceasefire is crucial to protect a population threatened not only by conflict, but also by the most devastating famine anywhere in 30 years. In light of this, on 29 April 2014 the UN Humanitarian Coordinator for South Sudan Toby Lanzer called for a month-long truce in May to allow people to plant and cultivate before the rains come.
But on 30 April, after meeting both Kiir and Machar, Pillay described the leaders' reaction to the proposal as 'luke-warm'. At the press conference in Juba, Pillay's remarks reflected the thoughts of many:
"If, in the very near future, there is no peace deal… I shudder to think where South Sudan is heading".
The Ultimate Need for Accountability
Unfortunately, the events of April 15th – 17th are, as former BBC correspondent James Copnall puts it, 'only one in a long series of massacres… stretching back decades'. Indeed, many in the rebel army – the force reportedly responsible for massacre in Bentiu – say they joined because of the massacre of 200-300 Nuer by the Dinka in the first days of the war.
At the heart of the problem is South Sudan's culture of impunity. David Deng, director of the South Sudan Law Society, says it plainly: "No one in South Sudan has ever been held accountable for anything".
This lack of accountability is – metaphorically – part of the country's DNA; the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), instrumental to the birth of South Sudan as the world's youngest country, had only a 'vague reference' to reconciliation, and 'nothing in terms of real accountability for past human rights'. This was in spite of a bloody fight for independence from Sudan (1983-2005), marked by its own massacre in 1991, where 2,000 people are estimated to have died.
Accountability is important not only because it brings justice to victims, but also because it acts as a deterrent to future crimes, and facilitates reconciliation for wounded communities.
As actors pursue a peace agreement in Addis Ababa, the international community has been clear about the need to end impunity this time around – in 'marked contrast' to roughly ten years ago, says Amnesty International.
Civil society has been at the forefront of this movement. Days after the attack, the International Centre for Policy and Conflict stressed that:
"Kiir and Machar must unequivocally renounce senseless criminal ethnic violence being committed by their militia supporters and take concrete positive steps to secure peace and stability".
Citizens for Peace and Justice, based in Juba, called on the government and opposition to:
"Publicly denounce crimes committed by your forces and hold accountable those who directly target civilians as well as those with command responsibility over the acts".
Human Rights Watch (HRW) said the United Nations Security Council should request a fact-finding mission, and also called on the government of South Sudan to investigate the attack in Bor. Daniel Bekele, HRW Africa Director, warned that:
"[C]ommanders and leaders responsible for abuses on both sides have been let off the hook for too long… Unless they are held accountable for their crimes, the ethnic violence will continue to engulf this young country, with UN peacekeepers left to pick up the pieces."
On 24 April 2014, in a press statement released following their emergency meeting, the Council asked for an 'urgent investigation' into the attack in Bentiu. In the meantime, UNMISS has said the mission's comprehensive report on human rights violations in South Sudan – due in 'the coming weeks' – will cover the attack in Bentiu.
But the most promising avenue for accountability in South Sudan may be the African Union Peace and Security Council Commission of Inquiry – the first of its kind. Established on 30 December 2013, the commission's first field mission is taking place between 24 April and 1 May.
The commission's mandate is challenging, as it is expected to not only investigate the crimes, but also make recommendations on the 'best ways and means to ensure accountability, reconciliation, and healing'.
Adama Dieng has called the commission a 'ground-breaking development and a policy watershed'. Analysts say the commission is important not only for South Sudan, but for Africa more widely, given its unique position as a precedent. According to Casie Copeland, an analyst at International Crisis Group, the commission is an opportunity for the AU to 'define action in situations of mass atrocities elsewhere on the continent'.
A ceasefire will not be enough for a country where a conflict characterised by 'tit-for-tat attacks' has had a 'brutalising effect' on its population. If there is to be lasting peace in South Sudan, there is an overwhelming need to end impunity. Dieng's remarks in Juba on 30 April are clear on this point:
"As we search for peace in this young nation, we must also ensure that those responsible for crimes committed here must be held to account. There can be no peace without justice. The current culture of impunity will only serve to undermine our efforts. We have learned this the hard way, from events in other places, including from the genocide that took place 20 years ago in Rwanda".
South Sudan urgently needs a ceasefire, but the world's newest country will not achieve stability without accountability.
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ICRtoP Blog · Starting the RtoP Conversation