text:
Q: Could not resolve XML resource [null] with public ID and base URI tomcat/lib/jstl-1.2 to a known, local entity When running Tomcat I get this error:

It happened after I added jstl-1.2.jar to tomcat/webapps. I had to do it because I was getting
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: The absolute uri: [http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core] cannot be resolved in either web.xml or the jar files deployed with this application

for a jsp with
<c:forEach items="${requestScope.users}" var="user" varStatus="loop">

                            ${user.getFirstName()}
                            ${user.getLastName()}
                            ${user.getEmail()}
                            ${user.getAge()}

                </c:forEach>

(that's what all SO answers suggested).
I also have

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

in my pom.xml.
the whole jsp:
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset='UTF-8'/>
    <title>Some Web Page</title>

    <%@ include file = "/WEB-INF/views/shared/meta.jsp" %>

<%@ include file = "/WEB-INF/views/shared/header.jsp" %>

                <thread>

                    First name
                    Last name
                    Email
                    Age
                    Gender

                </thread>

                <c:forEach items="${requestScope.users}" var="user" varStatus="loop">

                            ${user.getFirstName()}
                            ${user.getLastName()}
                            ${user.getEmail()}
                            ${user.getAge()}
                            ${user.getGender().name().toLowerCase()}

                </c:forEach>

                Title
                Description
                URL
                Added by
                Posting date
                Tags

                Title
                Description

                        https://youtube.com

                Jon
                22/03/20

                            funny

                            nature

                            animals

I tried adding this web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
         version="2.4">

    <display-name>comediansappf</display-name>
    <description>
        Comedy videos app
    </description>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>appname</param-name>
        <param-value>comediansappf</param-value>
    </context-param>

</web-app>

but still get either

or

if I renew the page several times.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>automotivepartsapp</groupId>
    <artifactId>automotivepartsapp</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>taglibs-standard-impl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
            <version>1.12.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.16</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>comedianswar2</finalName>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.0</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>

</project>


You tried to browse the parent path of a repository instead of the repository itself using an older version of TortoiseSVN. Try appending the name of the repository you wish to access, or upgrade TortoiseSVN to 1.2.3 or newer.
You forgot to append a '/' slash to the end of the URL you entered. Older versions of TSVN requires that there be a '/' after the repository name. If you forget this, TSVN will strip the repository name from the URL and therefore try to access the parent directory.
You tried to lock a file in your working copy which no longer exists in the repository. Update your working copy before trying to lock files.
For more information about what actually caused the error, seek out the Apache error log.


text:
Каракуди́к () — село у складі Бурлінського району Західноказахстанської області Казахстану. Адміністративний центр та єдиний населений пункт Каракудуцького сільського округу.

Населення — 356 осіб (2009; 679 в 1999).

До 2020 року село називалось Тихоновка.

Примітки

Джерела

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Бурлінського району
Села Західноказахстанської області

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Neo4j: Creating Multiple Relationships Not Working I am creating multiple relationships in one query. If a match is not found for the first relationship the second one is not created. If both matches exist then both relationships work.
Example:
Assume that 'MATCH1ID' below does not exist but 'MATCH2ID' does. Why does this happen?
DOES NOT WORK
MERGE (NewRecord:OBJECTNAME { Id: 'ABZDEFG' })
SET NewRecord.name='NEWNAME'
WITH NewRecord
MATCH (a)
WHERE a.Id = 'MATCH1ID'
CREATE (a)-[ar:Relationship1]->(NewRecord)
WITH NewRecord MATCH (b)
WHERE b.Id = 'MATCH2ID'
CREATE (b)-[br:Relationship2]->(NewRecord)

(If I switch the order of the node that does exist to be first in the order it works)
WORKS
MERGE (NewRecord:OBJECTNAME { Id: 'ABZDEFG' })
SET NewRecord.name='NEWNAME'
WITH NewRecord
MATCH (b)
WHERE b.Id = 'MATCH2ID'
CREATE (b)-[br:Relationship2]->(NewRecord)
WITH NewRecord
MATCH (a)
WHERE a.Id = 'MATCH1ID'
CREATE (a)-[ar:Relationship1]->(NewRecord)

A: You can try using a OPTIONAL MATCH instead of a simple MATCH:
MERGE (NewRecord:OBJECTNAME { Id: 'ABZDEFG' })
SET NewRecord.name='NEWNAME'
WITH NewRecord
OPTIONAL MATCH (a)
WHERE a.Id = 'MATCH1ID'

FOREACH(x IN (CASE WHEN a IS NULL THEN [] ELSE [1] END) |
    CREATE (a)-[ar:Relationship1]->(NewRecord)
)

WITH NewRecord
OPTIONAL MATCH (b)
WHERE b.Id = 'MATCH2ID'

FOREACH(x IN (CASE WHEN b IS NULL THEN [] ELSE [1] END) |
    CREATE (b)-[br:Relationship2]->(NewRecord)
)

Also, this query uses a trick with FORACH and CASE WHEN to handle conditions. In this case, the CREATE statement is executed only when a or b variables are not null.
See Neo4j: LOAD CSV - Handling Conditionals.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Diese Liste enthält alle Nummer-eins-Hits in Kanada im Jahr 2007. Es gab in diesem Jahr 14 Nummer-eins-Singles und 32 Nummer-eins-Alben.

Weblinks
 Alle Nr.1-Hits
 Alle Nr.1-Alben


The optimal control of a gel with the incredible spreadability of a cream: this game-changing hybrid tames frizz and flyaways while adding buildable hold for both polished and extreme wet looks. Its slow-dry technology gives precision styling the time it needs.
Wet Shine Gel Cream 5 is high gloss while Wet Shine Gel Cream 8 adds a satin finish and more powerful hold.
Spread a pea-sized amount between palms, then apply to dry hair. Add more as needed to create buildable control.


Associate Professor, Author and Researcher, Entrepreneurship & innovation, VIA Design, Sustainable Business Design, Circular Economy & Social Design, VIA University College.
External Lectorer, Malmö University, Sustainable Leadership.
Presenter, facilitator of innovation processes and researcher.


How we communicate to one another is complex, there are the verbal and the non-verbal sides. The best estimates state that approximately 70% of human communication is nonverbal; it comes from our body language, our movements, our micro expressions, even our scent plays a part (do as your Mum said, have a good wash!). The remaining 30% is of course the verbal side; what you say, how you say it and of course the tone in which you say it. If that's not complex enough, then consider how it varies even further based on the person you are communicating to! Let us pause and talk about you (it will help, I promise).
How you perceive something that is communicated will be completely different to how I perceive it. Whilst we literally hear the same thing, we can perceive it differently - why is that?
Well, you are different to me!
How you feel at this precise moment is different to me.
Your mood has many variables, it depends on your day so far (or your, week, month, year, lifetime!).
It depends on so many things; all of them are about you, your mood, your feeling, your thoughts, and other factors affecting your internal happiness, your chemical release, your brain. Last week I was describing what Emotional Intelligence is, covering your feelings, your emotions. It matters even more with respect to how you are communicated to. You are unique, I am unique, maybe you are sensitive to how people say things just like I am or you may be less like me and you care more about what they say while the tone does not matter. It's complex, right?
What an annoying phrase; there may be two sides but I was totally right <jokes>. Helping you to think about communication based on you - the individual - matters. Then put different generations in the mix and consider how they think differently, and how cultures are different, how language adapts all the time, change is constant! Let's have thought leader Simon Sinek tell you more about this as he explores the changing dynamic of how Millennials think and thus communicate.
Communication is a challenge; I think we can all agree on this. Add to this a generation changing the context and further changing the way they communicate, it presents a much deeper challenge when it comes to personalisation. One could argue it was already challenging enough; the world is changing so quickly. We have the Tech Big Bang (VR, AR, IoT, AI), the User hangover from 1983 (Microsoft), a 104-year-old model of our working society based on IQ and the constant evolution of language. You can easily see the puzzle and complexity of it; we cannot define what we do not understand. This had me thinking….
Could I prove the context of mass audience communication using social media?
It got me thinking about the power of advertising. The basis of the best advertising has always been a communication with the subconscious to make us feel and thus act a certain way. I thought, what better way to prove this than to analyse two big competitive brands?
I analysed a global audience of over 3,000,000 individuals to see just how much power advertising can have when it is aimed at common interest and not zeroed in on too many specific variables.
The audience was analysed via their Twitter activity and was truly global - no filters were applied to demographics or location, we just wanted to understand how much you can sway a trend. The brands Coca Cola and Pepsi are giant brands, renowned the world over and everyone seems to have an opinion on them. They are also very popular topics of discussion at any given time; on a typical day there are over 1,500 tweets / hour covering these two brands, with Coca Cola having a slight edge in the popularity stakes being responsible for roughly 65% of the traffic.
This sets the scene, but in 2017 the Super Bowl was sponsored by Pepsi. There is obviously a massive cost associated with being the Super Bowl sponsor, but we are not analysing the cost, simply the power of advertising itself.
In the three weeks following the Super Bowl, Pepsi was a more popular topic than Coca Cola, consistently more popular. During the five days immediately following the event itself Pepsi was getting more than three times as much global traffic as Coca Cola. At its highest point, Pepsi was getting an average of over 4,000 posts / hour which is more than five times their usual traffic on an average day.
Now first of all we just got a pay rise for the Pepsi ad people (welcome!). Secondly, it is potential 'eyes on' which means if you send a Tweet about Pepsi your 208 followers may see it; after all, a social media message is just a moment in time, it depends who sees it, which is why time of day matters for emails, messaging and social promotions. What I can tell you is that this gives credibility on how to measure social impact and shows the power of communication in today's world, which (per Simon Sinek) is driven more by devices than human-to-human contact.
In this example, what Pepsi did better than Coke was not just winning the sponsorship of a huge event (they both do that); what they did better was execute the social part of the live event. They brought their fans into the experience, made them feel part of it and of course entertained them and made them come forward with ideas and opinions. They made the world react.
It's all about the context of communication.


We went to the first day of a three day film festival tonight.
After being entertained by a steel band and having food and drink laid on we watched visionary filmmaker Spike Lee's film Blackkklansman. Starring John David Washington as the first African-American detective in Colorado Springs.
An American movie set in the 1970s about a black American police man, Ron Stallworth who infiltrated the KKK, the American racist organisation. The film is based on his true story. He rang up after reading an advert by them and was surprised to be invited to join them. By working with his white partner he managed to be accepted by them. A white colleague took his place when he was due to meet them face to face.
As the film moves on I started to understand why there was civil unrest in the 1970's and began to realise that things have not changed that much even now.
Watching the last few minutes literally struck home at how things are still bad for the black community. I'm not a film critic, but I think it was worth watching.


text:
Dulwich College alumni are known as Old Alleynians (OAs) and they have an active network of over 8,000 members. Dulwich College International alumni are called International Old Alleynians (IOAs) and are welcomed into the OA family. The criterion for being an IOA is completion of Year 11 or Year 13 with an academic qualification at a Dulwich College International school.
Students who leave a Dulwich College International school remain in the DCI family, and we encourage them to stay engaged and in contact. Alumni are invited to join our official LinkedIn group and download our alumni app for regular news and updates from the group. From time to time we run IOA reunion events in places such London, Boston, and Hong Kong, with many more planned for the future. IOAs are regularly invited to OA events such as London Founder's Day and professional careers seminars.
We also invite our alumni to join our university mentoring programme. This programme connects alumni through the university counsellors to students interested in similar courses, universities, and countries. University mentors provide a student's perspective on the application process and life beyond school, as well as insights on subjects as diverse as molecular genetics, law, aerospace engineering and art history. We currently have mentors from over 90 universities around the world, including Yale University, University of Cambridge, Harvard University, University of Oxford, New York University, Imperial College London, University of Hong Kong, Cornell University, Stanford University, and University of British Columbia.
For more information about the International Old Alleynian network and its development, please contact feedback.ioa@indulwich.com
Dulwich College Beijing Alumni
Alexander C
Edric E
Rebecca S
Satoshi N
Thomas L
Winnie Z
Parsons School of Design (The New School)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


AVE in Ronda? Don't Bet On It!
For several years we in Ronda have been speculating about the eventual arrival of the AVE, Spain's version of a high speed train capable of flitting between cities at 350km per hour. Local government and the Junta de Andalucía have promised the rail from Algeciras to Antequera, with a convenient stop in Ronda would be completed by 2013.
A new report throws considerable doubt on the idea, in fact Ronda may not see the AVE at all.
Despite a 176 million Euro upgrade of the line from Ronda to Algeciras in preparation of the electrification of the line, no date has been set on when Ronda would be connected by AVE, and final approval of the line has not been approved, with three competing routes near Ronda still under investigation.
However, Ronda Today has learned that in fact the Plan de Infraestructuras para la Sostenibilidad del Transporte de Andalucía (PISTA) excludes the AVE from Ronda, and instead the city of the Tajo is more likely to receive the altas prestaciones (high performance) trains which have a maximum speed of 250kmh, and do not require the exacting standards of high speed line that the AVE does.
Prelimanary plans to connect Málaga and the Costa del Sol are considered more advanced than AVE plans for Antequera-Ronda-Algeciras, though preliminary plans are just the first of many approval stages and this does not necessarily mean that the projected Marbella AVE will actually get the go ahead given that new track would need to be built.
Furthermore, plans are underway to connect Algeciras by AVE to Cadíz, and from there to Sevilla, Córdoba, and Madrid, thus bypassing Ronda altogether. The Sevilla-Cadíz AVE line is under construction, projected to be complete by 2012, the 200th anniversary of the first Spanish constitution. The provincial government of Cadíz and Ayuntamiento of Algeciras are understood to favour a spur on the Sevilla-Cadíz line, and are campaigning to see the Algeciras-Cadíz line built and operational by 2025 or 2030, whereas the altas prestaciones upgrade for Ronda may not occur until after 2020.
Currenty the AVE is under construction throughout Spain, and Ronda's nearest station is Antequera-Santa Ana which is expected to be the main central Andalucía hub for Málaga and Granada. A new line currently under construction from Barcelona to Murcia will probably also extend to Almería, whilst another line from Sevilla to Huelva has also received a commitment to transit into the Algarve in Portugal.
Taken together, the likelihood of Ronda being part of the AVE network any time soon looks increasingly unlikely, and may not happen at all.
After 6 months of work which required the closure of the Algeciras-Ronda section of the line, today Antonio González, president of Infrastructure administration in the national rail authority ADIF announced the reopening of the line.
Since October 26th, the line has been closed to allow for new track laying including new concrete sleepers, the construction and renovation of 14 tunnels, and preparation for the electrification of the line.
Work is ongoing, expected to be complete at the end of 2010, however González confirmed to Ronda Today that the line will reopen to passenger and freight traffic since the remainder of the 176 million Euro project mostly involves renovation work that can be completed when services aren't running.
Passengers who know the route will discover an additional 6 tunnels that previously were open track, but which are necessary for the safe operation of services, as well as several bends that have had camber adjustments allowing for slightly faster services.
At present the line continues in the same location as before renovations started, with the future AVE line yet to be decided.
Ronda's mayor Antonio Marín Lara also announced that part of the land owned by ADIF at the Campo del Nene will be converted to car parking space to alleviate problems in Ronda.


text:
"Where is your Kingdom?"
Rev. Alex Wilson
When we pray for God's kingdom to come what do we mean? Are we praying about some future experience unrelated to us today? Are we praying about some other group of people that will do this work after us? Are we praying about a hope for tomorrow or a reality of today? Hearing the parables of the kingdom over these last weeks, leaves me with a lot of questions, both about the quality and texture of the kingdom, but also about the action of the kingdom. It is this action which intrigues me the most, because of what it represents. It represents the beginning of something life altering, in the smallest way possible.
Matthew, being the first in our canonical gospels, does allot to set up the images of the Kingdom. Often the kingdom is heard through the lens of end times. The kingdom of God will come into this world during the eschaton, a moment that scripture tells us will be the fulfilment of time. This greek word is often heard as "end times," however with any translation we have to dig down into the form of its use. Matthew is often read then as the kingdom of God arrives at the end of time- a future dated experience. But, when we go back with a refined sense of translation and language, we actually see that the Greek Eschaton does not refer to the world, but to the age. The kingdom of God, therefore, comes into our world at the end of this age, this expanse of time, this season we are experiencing now. For us, this means that the eschaton which ushers in the Kingdom of God is actually a daily experience, rather than an end of life moment. But how is that even possible, we still have war, we still have poverty, we still have hate and violence- it would seem that we still have all the hallmarks of a world devoid of the kingdom. Sure, we could look at the world that way, which would suggest that a future dated kingdom is easier to get behind because we have more time to get onboard and really change things first. However, that always assumes there is a tomorrow- and we've only been promised today. So where is this Kingdom?
If we think for a moment about the images being used to describe the kingdom, they all represent small- even insignificant items- becoming the catalyst for amazing growth, movement, and support of the kingdom's work among us. A seed, yeast, treasurer in a large field, a pearl in the whole world, a net in the whole sea. Small and insignificant items in isolation which when focused on enable the growth of something massive. It just takes a little bit of imagination to see the importance of the possibility that's hidden in the smallest of movements in our world. In isolation, we are not likely to take a single seed, piece of yeast, pearl, treasure, or net seriously as a tool for the kingdom- when the needs of the world are so great. Why? Well, because they are so small and the needs are so great. Yet God calls us everyday into a greater and greater sense of the presence of him in our lives, a presence which is often felt in kingdom questions, kingdom nudges, which we see all around us today.. There's that nudge or question within us about why we still see violence or isolation in our world- that's God planting the mustard seed in you. There's that nudge or question within us about why we still see poverty and homlessness on our streets- that's God planting some yeast inside you. There's that nudge or question within us about reconciliation and inclusion in the church, that's God opening the net within your ocean. There's that nudge or question that nurtures a pearl, or finds the treasure. That is God giving us a question and a nudge towards growth in the kingdom of God. Sometimes we ignore these nudges because they feel too large, heavy, beyond us. Yet God keeps nudging us into active growth, that opens for us a living sense of the kingdom today, all we have to do is dare to dream.
Our dreaming is more than just some fantastical landscape of "in a perfect world" potential, it's about connecting the dots of what God is planting within us and moving out into action. The end of our age, the age we are living in today, starts today, as we start to question the injustice we see and respond with the gifts God gave us, through which the kingdom becomes known in our time. And it all starts with a question, a wondering, a concern maybe, for something we see. What might that be for you? Maybe it's a concern for people being alone? Maybe it's a desire to impact the next generation of our world? Maybe it's worry for the direction of our planet? Maybe it's the ethics of finance after Covid-19? Dig down inside yourself and see what's there. What's your seed, what's your yeast, treasure, pearl, net- what is God growing within you with an unquenchable passion today? Start following these nudges in your life. Talk to friends, explore further education, challenge the status quo- challenge yourself- God's reign becomes ever more clearer through these nudges in our world. It's a lot to think about how to start, its alot to look at something and figure out how to start, but it's not impossible. Our neighbourhood ministry started with a kingdom nudge, when we started to ask ourselves about who was taking care of these people on the streets. And now look at the ministry? Its grown and thrived in ways we never thought possible way back when the nudge was just a small seed, piece of yeast, treasurer in a wide field, pearl in the world, net in the ocean. Our Neighbourhood ministry is now directly ending cycles of poverty for people, housing them, feeding them, helping them regain their humanity- now that sounds like the kingdom of God!
The Kingdom of God can be compared to many things, but it starts here today with our capacity to hear, listen, and imagine with God's eyes the potential of this world to be more than what we see- for it to be truly God's world. You and I have the capacity to see Gods in breaking kingdom today in the small moments of God's effectual presence in our lives, nudging us into ministry in his name through the vocations God has created for each and everyone of us to live. Our baptisms give us the frame of reference for our questions, the eucharist gives us the nudge, and the animating holy spirit alive in each of us empowers us to do more than we can ask or imagine. But it all starts here, today, with you and I, daring to see this world we love through God's eyes- full of potential and amazing possibilities for a kingdom of freedom, hope, peace, and love. It's our job to start asking why that's not happening, and how we can affect change with our lives to let it happen. So where is the Kingdom Church, and how can we all see it differently because of your ministry in Christ's name this week?
From this series
"Taking Stock"
Matthew 25: 14-30
"Formed in Waiting"
Matthew 25: 1-13
"The Intersection of Love"
"... In Our Image"
"You Are What You Eat"
Thanksgiving Sunday
View all Sermons in Series


Erasure coded storage provides a cheap and space efficient way to tolerate failures through the use of networked commodity servers. Erasure coded data is kept on n different servers out of which f can fail. By combining encoded blocks from n-f servers, the data can be read back. This paper presents ORCAS, an Optimistic eRasure Coded Atomic Storage algorithm. ORCAS is the first wait-free, optimally resilient (n > 2f) erasure coded storage for systems with asynchronous processes that can crash and recover. ORCAS is optimistic in the sense that very little space is used for data written during best case periods which are synchronous and failure-free. During asynchronous periods the storage overhead is higher, but atomicity is still guaranteed. We prove worst case as well as best case bounds on the space complexity of erasure coded storage algorithms. We show that ORCAS matches the asynchronous as well as the synchronous and failure-free bounds. Indirectly, we show that tolerating asynchronous periods does not increase storage overhead during synchronous periods.


The most commonly used bylaws are available on this site. Should you require information related to a bylaw not available on the website, please contact the Town Hall at 250-428-2214 or email.
Please be aware that the bylaws may not be complete due to pending updates or revisions, and therefore, are provided for reference purposes only. Only the printed version of a bylaw certified by the Corporate Officer or designate is the official version. The Town of Creston does not warrant the accuracy or the completeness of the on-line data and in no event will the Town of Creston be liable or responsible to any person for damages of any kind arising out of the use of the bylaws contained here. These bylaws should not be used for any legal purposes.
Once complete, please print out the Bylaw Enforcement Complaint Form (PDF) and bring to Town Hall.


text:
23 September 2017 Start
23 September 2017 End
Greece The British School at Athens (Upper House), 52 Souedias Street, Athens 106 76
Poster of the event.
Cyprus, Female Voice and Memory
Cyprus, Female Voice and Memory. Literature, Arts and History in the Work of Niki Marangou
On behalf of King's College London (Centre for Hellenic Studies and Department of Classics) and the British School at Athens we are delighted to welcome you to the one-day workshop 'Cyprus, Female Voice and Memory: Literature, Arts and History in the Work of Niki Marangou'.
A collaboration between King's College London and the British School at Athens. Part of the research programme, The Life and Work of Niki Marangou (1948-2013), carried out by the Centre for Hellenic Studies and the Department of Classics, King's College London.
We would like to extend our warmest thanks to all those who have contributed to the planning, organising and running the workshop.
We are especially grateful to our two sponsors for their generous financial support of the project and for making the workshop possible:
The A.G. Leventis Foundation, for the project The Life and Work of Niki Marangou (1948-2013)
Constantis Candounas, for the workshop
Academic Committee: Roderick Beaton, FBA, Koraes Professor of Modern Greek and Byzantine History, Language and Literature, King's College London; Polina Tambakaki, Niki Marangou Postdoctoral Fellow, King's College London
Marangou programme English
Museums and Museology in modern society. New challenges, new relationships (Part 4)
The thermal baths of Methana
The Neolithic settlement of "Toumba Kremastis Koiladas" (Part 3)


Class of 1995 Gary Padilla, Jr.
Check out all of the names of the Mariner High School alumni that attended high school in Cape Coral that are listed above. Registering will allow you to join the directory.	Mariner High School alumni can relive their experiences from high school by sharing memories and pictures, reconnecting with those alumni listed, and more.


text:
ICYMI: How To Make A Proper Omelette, According To Julia Child
By Tim Loc
Published Mar 17, 2017 12:00 AM
(Photo by a.rios via the LAist Featured Photos pool on Flickr)
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Patrick Stewart: captain of the USS Enterprise, leader of the X-Men, and big advocate of cannabis.
Meet the women who are introducing the hijab to athletic competitions.
Among the many things that Trump's proposed budget will cut, there's this cool as-heck space mission in which we put humans on an asteroid.
Speaking of those budget cuts, the Twitter handlers for San Francisco's BART talk about the what it'll mean for their transit system (it's not good).
Trainspotting 2 is arriving, and it's pretty good. Here, Ewan McGregor and company reflect on the magic of the first movie (which taught us that cat poop can be deadly).
Check out this weird, Dr. Seuss-like plant that sprouted out of nowhere in Texas.
Venom, Spider-Man's arch foe, is getting his own movie.
Here, Julia Child shows you how to make a proper omelette:


I often get asked for my personal recommendations in London. I've put together a list of some of my favorite spots, some touristy and some not so much. Enjoy!
Staple and tourist must see. The Crown Jewels are amazing!!
or dinner. Ask to be seated in the pods/igloos for an extra amazing view of the London Brigde. Kid friendly.
Fortnum and Mason For proper English High Tea, a MUST do 😬 (but not so kid friendly). Fancy and very traditional.
Battersea park children's zoo An adorable smaller zoo just across the river from Chelsea. Perfect for little ones (3 and under).
Hampton Court Palace My favorite palace. Home of Henry the VIII. Historic, gorgeous and has a children's play place just outside.
The London Eye A giant Ferris wheel great views of the city.
Natural history museum Better for slightly older kids. Located in Kensington (one of my favorite neighborhoods) in an absolutely stunning building.
Definitely try and do a Sunday Roast if you can. This is a traditional meal that most English people have every Sunday. Think heavy, meat and potatoes kinda meal. With gravy… yum. Every pub will do one. But this one I LOVED during our last visit and it's very kid friendly.
The Westfield Shopping Center in Shepherd's Bush is pretty massive and cool, if you like shopping.
Made in Italy My all time favorite Italian place. Get the carbonara.
If you are planning to visit London soon I hope this list can help you a bit. It is a massive city with so much to see and eat 🙂 It does sometimes feel like a second home to me and my family, I'm so thankful that we get to travel back and forth so often.
I really want to go to London so bad!!
The London eye is by far my favourite!


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New Eastside residents get senior care officer, raise concerns about valet parking
(Published April 1, 2019)
By Jesse Wright, staff writer
New Eastside residents got to meet a new police official for New Eastside at the March CAPS meeting.
Officer Veronica Meraz, a veteran Chicago officer, is the domestic violence and senior liaison officer for the community.
"I bring a lot of knowledge but I also want to get new ideas," she said.
She said she hopes residents will volunteer to form domestic violence and senior committees. The senior committee would include members from different buildings to relay information to Meraz about what senior residents might need in terms of aid. From there, Meraz would contact the relevant social service office.
"If you need help with day to day activities, we set that up for you," Meraz said. "We help you. … We try to visit every building in the district with a large amount of seniors."
A woman at the meeting said the service is needed.
"We had an elderly lady in our building we were kind of watching over and she fell," the resident said. "And her kids don't live here. We were looking out for her but all we had is eyes on her. We had nothing else"
"That's where we step in and make sure there's someone checking on her as much as possible," Meraz said.
The domestic violence committee would help facilitate informational meetings at buildings and distribute literature to victims.
Residents also asked police to talk to III Forks management after they were concerned the restaurant's valet service was parking cars illegally along East Benton Place.
"Why can't the alderman stop this?" a resident asked. "This is every single day."
A woman pointed out emergency vehicles would not be able to use the narrow streets when cars are parked along the street.
After the meeting, Jeremy Vass, owner of III Forks, said Alderman Brendan Reilly's office contacted him about concerns and Vass said he will do whatever he can to keep his neighbors happy.
"We are committed to making our presence in the community a positive one," he said in an email.
Vass said he has instructed his valet service on where they can park, but most of his guests don't drive to the popular restaurant.
"There are really not that many people that drive here," he said. "Uber has killed the valet business. Now, there are tons of cars parked illegally all around the park on any given night. Unfortunately, I feel like our valet company in getting the blame for this."
The next CAPS meeting will be at 130 N. Garland Court April 11 at 6:30 p.m.


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David Silva's Father on Michael Slate Radio Show: The Police Murdered My Son
Earlier today on The Michael Slate Show out of KPFK in Los Angeles, the father of David Sal Silva blamed police for murdering his son.
Family photo of David Sal Silva, when he was younger.
In an emotional interview packed with honesty and outrage (segment recording below—the full show can be accessed here), Sal Silva discussed the his son's May 8 in-custody death in Bakersfield, accusing the Kern County Sheriff and his officers of lying about his son's death.
Here is what Sal Silva told Slate:
From everything that I could see, there were several officers just wailing away at him with batons. It looked like they were doing batting practice. As just like you said, [Michael], they murdered him on the street, basically, they murdered him on the street. I don't condone the fact that my son was drunk or passed out, but in what world does that kind of a crime meet that kind of punishment? And where… who… whether the sheriff or anyone can say that that's justifiable. Now they're trying to say that my son had high blood pressure, that he had meth in his system, that he was depressed, I don't know… He died of natural causes. That's what they're trying to say, I mean, really? How can anyone, how can the sheriff… anyone say that after what they say on the videos? They's basically saying "Don't believe your lying eyes or your lying ears, just because we did nothing wrong here, he died of natural causes."
As for the autopsy report shared yesterday by Kern County Sheriff Donny Youngblood, Sal Silva did not believe that a heart attack was the cause of his son's death, nor that his son's death should be ruled accidental. Throughout the entire interview, Sal Silva did not mince words: he believed that Youngblood and his department were hiding the truth. He also said that he will no longer stay silent about these types of incidents.
"Although they murdered my son, they say, well, he died of natural causes. Really," Sal Silva said. "Don't believe your eyes, don't believe your ears, don't believe the witnesses, don't believe anything, but believe what the sheriff, our good sheriff, has to say. As far as I am concerned [the sheriff] is an accomplice to murder."
Sal Silva also painted a picture of his son that is has yet to be shared by many in the media. Calling him a "big teddy bear" with a heart, Sal Silva acknowledged that his son could have had a drinking problem, but that alone should not have given police the right to kill him.
Brazil Justice Annuls Lula's Sentences, Enabling 2022 Run
Family Denounces Police Custody Death of Mario…
Brazil's Bolsonaro Loses His Bid to Reform Voting System
5 responses to "David Silva's Father on Michael Slate Radio Show: The Police Murdered My Son"
DignityPeace says:
I have a lot of respect for Mr. Silva coming on and speaking candidly about this tragedy and his own personal loss.
latinorebels says:
DignityPeace Agreed!
Desecrating the Memoryof César Chávez says:
[…] day after Youngblood held that press conference, Silva's father Sal went on Los Angeles radio to express his outrage: "Although they murdered my son, they say, well, he died of natural […]
RalphSilva says:
http://www.change.org/petitions/kern-county-sheriff-s-office-immediate-dismissal-and-prosecution-of-officers
The Gnostics derived their http://633cash.com/Games leading doctrines and ideas from Plato and Philo, the Zend-avesta, the Kabbalah, and the Sacred books of India and Egypt; and http://633cash.com/Pengaturan" thus introduced http://633cash.com/Daftar into the bosom of Christianity the cosmological and theosophical speculations, which had formed the larger portion of the ancient religions of the Orient, http://www.cintaberita.com joined to those of the Egyptian, Greek, http://633cash.com/Promo and Jewish doctrines, which the Neo-Platonists had equally adopted in the Occident..It is admitted that the cradle http://633cash.com/Deposit of http://633cash.com/Withdraw Gnosticism is probably to be looked for in Syria http://633cash.com/Berita and even in Palestine. Most of its expounders wrote in that corrupted form of the Greek used by the Hellenistic Jews…and there was a striking http://633cash.com/Girl analogy between their doctrines and those of the Judeo-Egyptian Philo of Alexandria; itself the seat of three schools, at once philosophic and religious, the http://633cash.com/LivescoreGreek, the Egyptian, and the Jewish. Pythagoras and Plato, the most mystical of the Grecian philosophers (the latter heir to the doctrines of the former), and who had travelled, the latter in Egypt, and the former in Phoenicia, India, and Persia, also taught the esoteric doctrine…The dominant doctrines of Plutonism were found in Gnosticism


LOS ANGELES (AP) - Rufus Hannah, a formerly homeless alcoholic who was paid to fight other homeless men and perform dangerous stunts in the notorious "Bumfights" videos, has died. He was 63.
Hannah, who was living in the town of Adrian, Georgia, was a passenger in a car driven by his sister that was T-boned by a semi-truck on Wednesday just outside the town of Swainsboro, Georgia State Patrol Sgt. Jeffery Cain said Saturday.
Hannah's sister received a head injury, but she was expected to survive. One of the two vehicles apparently ran a red light on State Route 4, but the investigation continued and no citations were immediately issued, Cain said.
On Friday, Hannah's friend and benefactor, Barry Soper, sobbed as he placed a bouquet of flowers on the Dumpster in San Diego where he first met Hannah more than 15 years ago as the man was scrounging for aluminum cans to recycle for booze money.
Soper gave Hannah a job and helped in his eventual recovery.
"What a beautiful soul he was. He went through so much, then turned his life completely around," Soper told KNSD-TV (http://bit.ly/2fYw6ON). "I helped him stop drinking, and he was sober for the past 13 years."
Hannah, a Georgia native who began drinking when he was 14, was living on the streets when he began his "Bumfights" career.
A high school student and aspiring filmmaker, Ryan McPherson, offered him $5 to run head-first into milk crates stacked outside a grocery store in El Cajon, California.
"He told me he was doing a video for his economics class on what it was like when you don't have a job," Hannah said in a 2006 article in the New York Times. "I just wanted some money to get drunk, so I did what he told me to. I never had any idea the stuff he was filming would become what it did."
The first "Bumfights" was released in 2002. It was followed by several sequels in which Hannah, known as "Rufus the Stunt Bum," and other transients performed dangerous and degrading stunts, such as brawling each other, jumping off buildings, smashing head-first into doors and walls and lighting their hair on fire. The "actors" were paid about $10 per stunt and were usually drunk.
Hannah, who smashed his head into a steel door, said he suffered permanent injuries.
The videos sold hundreds of thousands of DVD copies. But they were condemned by homeless advocates, blamed for inspiring violence against the homeless and banned in several countries. The four original filmmakers eventually pleaded guilty in California to misdemeanor charges of conspiracy to stage an illegal fight. They avoided jail, but McPherson and another man later were sentenced to 180 days each in jail for failing to complete community service.
In 2006, the four filmmakers reportedly paid at least $300,000 to settle lawsuits filed by Hannah and two other men who appeared in the original video.
Hannah in those days was a wild-haired, gap-toothed man with the word "BUMFIGHT" tattooed across his knuckles. But eventually, he turned his life around.
He became assistant manager at Soper's 62-unit townhome complex where Hannah had scrounged for cans. He held the job for more than half a decade.
"He took care of the complex like it was his place," Soper said.
It wasn't easy to keep straight.
"I loved to get drunk," Hannah told the San Diego Union-Tribune in 2010. "I see a TV show like 'Law & Order,' where they win a case and go back to the office and have a drink, and I say to myself, 'Boy, that looks pretty good.' I can almost taste it. But I don't ever want to go back there."
Hannah also became an advocate for the homeless.
"He worked with the National Coalition for the Homeless as an advocate because he had lived that life himself," Soper said. "He taught me that we all needed to look at the homeless more kindly, that it could've been your mother or your brother. It could happen to anyone."
Hannah's story, co-written by Soper, was chronicled in the 2010 book, "A Bum Deal: An Unlikely Journey from Hopeless to Humanitarian."
He is survived by his wife and four children. Soper said he plans to cover funeral expenses for his friend.


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C. Robert Udell Jr.
President, CEO and Director
C. Robert Udell, Jr. serves as our President and CEO and as a director. Mr. Udell served as Chief Operating Officer from May 2011 to December 31, 2014, and as President from November 2013 until December 31, 2014. He became President and CEO on January 1, 2015. He has served as a director since November 2013. From 1999 to 2004, Mr. Udell served in various capacities at the predecessor of our Texas operations, including Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. From 2004 to November 2013, Mr. Udell served as Senior Vice President. Prior to joining the predecessor of our Texas operations in March 1999, Mr. Udell was employed by our predecessor from 1993 to 1999 in a variety of senior roles, including Senior Vice President, Network Operations, and Engineering. He serves as Vice Chair on the board of directors of the United States Telecom Association and is on the board of the Greater Conroe Economic Development Council, and is a former board member of the Board of Trustees for The John Cooper School.


This is a Ranged Fighting Bot that is meant to autofollow your tank. It is much like the Goblin Mage Elite bot but it works in a different way. This bot works by visually detecting which spells are available by their spell-icon color. It will only cast spells that are available for use. What this means is that you can choose what to cast in order of preference during fighting or healing. If the highest preference spell is not available then it will continue on to the next highest until one is available to cast. It also means that you will be able to cast those rare spells or combo moves that are not always available.
This bot can be used for any MMO character that does most of the damage using range, but for this bot we'll call it a Mage. The mage plays on a second computer, and you play the tank/light tank yourself on the main computer. The mage is controlled through your Local Area Network (LAN) by the Host computer, which is your main computer where the tank is being played. This means it has the added benefit of letting you control many aspects of it (ie Auxillary Routines) via your main computer.
Setup should be easy and no MacroGoblin knowledge is required to set up the bot. It will also work in any game because it works by detecting changes in pixels from their normal color.
Spell Icons - Your game must have spell icons in your hot bars that will appear differently when they're available to cast and when they're not available to cast. This bot will determine what spells are available to cast based on those icons.


LIGHT UP THE BATTLE Add mood to every gaming session by adding red LED illumination in two different regions - the mouse wheel and the battle dragon logo. Lighting on these two regions can be independently set to on/off. When Changing DPI, the Scroll wheel will flash to denote which DPI level the VENTUS X is on. In addition, the iconic battle dragon will have a pulse lighting pattern that will let the spirit of the battle dragon shine through more brilliantly than ever!
ADVANCED MATTE COATING We applied advanced materials to each zone on VENTUS X for improved comfort and durability. This new matte coating is a balance between rigid surfaces and a soft to touch finish that let you play comfortably during extended sessions.
RUBBER GRIP FOR EXTRA COMFORT The VENTUS X features rubber grips on the sides of the mouse. The new grips provide soft to touch comfort as well as improved hold to keep the mouse secure in hand; via a specially designed hexagonal pattern. The hexagonal patterned rubber grips offer enough give for users to hold the mouse firmly without fatigue or discomfort, providing the most optimal secure grip. New rubber grips to both sides of the mouse provide soft to touch comfort as well as improved hold to keep the mouse secure in hand.
ON-BOARD MEMORY Save all your favorite settings. You'll never lose your custom settings with the VENTUS mouse thanks to it's on-board memory. The 128K built-in memory allows you to save and recall all your favorite settings at any-time from any PC. Save up to 5 individual profiles, DPI adjustments, lighting configurations and macros all directly onto the mouse.
NEW CONFIGURATION SOFTWARE VENTUS X has new configuration software allowing you to easily manage your mouse by configuring the macro keys, adjust lift of distance, performance, and set lighting options. This new configuration software letting you to makes things easier when starting a game!
COMPLETE MACRO & PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL Own your opponents with superior macro capabilities. The VENTUS gaming mouse allows you to easily program up to 30 macros to the exact millisecond - meaning you can execute advanced maneuvers more consistently and precisely than ever before.


For the culmination of the Bachelor of Science in Nutrition and Culinary Arts program at Bastyr University, graduating students design and execute a multicourse, sit-down dinner to a group of invited guests.
Adjunct faculty member Chef Wendy Jordan guides student toward the event as part of the required Culinary Skills III course. During the previous two years, the curriculum for these students, including Whole Foods Production, Chef's Pantry, the Therapeutic Whole Foods Cooking series and Culinary Skills I and II, have built the skills necessary to put forth this grand finale.
Each course of the dinner (there were 10 courses this year!) features an original dish, created by the students. Not only must students show their culinary prowess, but the dishes must highlight local, fresh, whole foods per concepts taught in all of their courses. As each course, exquisitely plated, is served, the students responsible for creating the dish give a brief description of the dish.
This year, the sixth year of this event, the table was set near the beautiful Bastyr gardens where foods was served al fresco. Guests included Bastyr President Chatles "Mac" Powell, PhD; Lynelle Golden, PhD, dean of the School of Natural Health Arts and Sciences; Debra Boutin, MS, RD, chair of the Department of Nutrition and Exercise Science; as well as local culinary experts Chef Karen Jurgenson from Quillisascut Farms and Chef Ron Askew of Forest Ridge School.


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Alex Trebek Swears, Goofs Off in Funny 'Jeopardy!' Promo Outtakes
There will never be another like the man, the myth, the legend: Alex Trebek.
Celebrities React to Alex Trebek's Death
"We love you, Alex. And always will."
PopCrush Staff
Alex Trebek Dead at 80 After Battle With Pancreatic Cancer
'Jeopardy!' host Alex Trebek has died after a long battle with pancreatic cancer.
Celebrities Who Were Diagnosed With Cancer
These celebrities fought cancer.
See which celebrities and performers passed away in 2020.
'Jeopardy!' Teen Honors Alex Trebek, Donates to Cancer Research
He's 'somebody I have looked up to my whole life.'
Celebrities React to Alex Trebek's Cancer Diagnosis
Our thoughts go out to Alex Trebek and his family.
Alex Trebek Raps Drake, Kanye West Tracks on 'Jeopardy'
Trebek also read lyrics by Drake, Kanye West and Lil Wayne.
Matthew Scott Donnelly
Alex Trebek Honors Late 'Jeopardy!' Contestant Who Battled Cancer
Cindy Stowell died on December 5, just days before her winning streak aired on TV.
Alan Thicke Memorial Attended by Leonardo DiCaprio, Kris Jenner + More Stars
The entire 'Growing Pains' cast attended Thicke's memorial, along with other celebrities like Alex Trebek, Bob Saget and more.


Single wide mobile homes bestofhouse is one images from inspiring 16×80 mobile home floor plans 24 photo of Kaf Mobile Homes photos gallery. This image has dimension 780x514 Pixel and File Size 64 KB, you can click the image above to see the large or full size photo. Previous photo in the gallery is double wide trailer floor plans. For next photo in the gallery is new mobile home floor plans design. You are viewing image #9 of 24, you can see the complete gallery at the bottom below.


Question: Okay, I know this question seems quite stupid but I'm asking it anyway.
I was wondering how do you know if your story has too much dialogue? I know I have a bit of a descriptive problem. Lots of my scenes consists of dialogue, conversation between two to three characters. Is that terribly bad, I mean to me, it's how I can comfortably depict my characters, through the way they speak.
Do you have any tips to overcome this issue?
Answer: The fact that you ask this question suggests that you think you may have too much dialogue.
a) Plot. Having your characters do something while they talk - ideally something that forwards the plot - lets your scene do double duty.
b) Inner conflict. Have you included the main character's internal responses, thoughts, and emotions? It can be rather fun if the main character is trying to carry on a conversation while thinking about something completely different or observing something happening in the distance.
c) Setting. Little reminders of what's present or happening in the environment can help ground the scene and help it feel authentic.
d) Body language. While you usually can't relate what's happening in the head of anyone other than the main character, much can be communicated through other characters' physical gestures and facial expressions. Gestures are a great way to add subtext.
2. Always go through your dialogue and take out every line that isn't necessary. Make sure you know what the core of the conversation is (the relationship change) and cut the rest. Put as much exposition as you can in narration rather than dialogue.
3. You might also try breaking up a dialogue with an action event, and then resuming the conversation afterward. Variety can help a lot with pacing.
Thank you so much for the suggestions, I find that I do a few of them, but thanks for the other suggestions, I will try and include more of the setting descriptions and some of the other suggestions.
I'm not sure if the original question-asker is still following this, but I struggle with how much dialogue to include as well. I think I'm pretty good at writing it, and I find it fun to write... probably because it's something we do every day (i.e., talk to people). Writing prosy descriptive scenes is much harder, because we don't think that way in our heads (well, most of us don't, anyway). This makes me wonder if leaning too heavily on dialogue to advance the story is common amongst new writers.
He glanced at his watch. "We really need to get going. The babysitter is charging us $20 per hour."
She frowned. "I know, but I'm having so much fun. Can we stay just one more hour?"
Or you can use different verbs that give more color to the dialogue (i.e., substitutes for "said"), or, for a few turns, you can skip the "he said/she said" altogether and just trust that the reader will follow along. Usually, it's easy enough to do if it doesn't go on for too long without another marker dropped in.
Maybe you're already doing all of this, but I figured I'd just throw it out there.


Ya Ali Murtaza is a new full hd video song from upcoming movie Freaky Ali. This is a new track is a combination of Qawwali and Bhajan. Ya Ali Murtaza song is sung by various singer like Wajid, Danish Sabri, Payal Dev and this music is composed by Sajid-Wajid and lyrics are penned by Danish Sabri. Freaky Ali movie is writer and directed by Sohail Khan. Freaky Ali movie features star also Nawazuddin Siddiqui in the title role alongside Amy Jackson and Arbaaz Khan in a supporting role. Freaky Ali movie is scheduled to release on September 9 2016.
This is a first song Parinda Hai Parinda was visually appealing but the song as a separate entity couldn't leave a the song titled Ya Ali Murtaza has a story to it. Freaky Ali is an inspirational movie of an underdog who becomes a game changer, a poor man who takes on a rich man's sport golf. Nawazuddin's character has suffered a hand fracture and is advised by the doctor to not play the game the next day. After the reaction of the characters in the song, it seemed to be an important match or may be a final match in the movie.
Ya Ali Murtaza Song Lyrics From Freaky Ali:- This movie song is sung with the Hindu and Muslim elements by Wajid, Danish Sabri and Payal Dev. Freaky Ali movie music is composed by Sajid-Wajid and lyrics are penned by Danish Sabri.
Main nirdhan, dhanvaan tumhi ho..
Ho karam ki nazar ya ali murtaza.


PhD i psykologi fra UiB (1991). Master-grader i psykologi (NTNU) og sosiologi (UiO), Cand. odont.(UiO) og bedriftsøkonom (BI).
Professor II i Kommunikasjon og ledelse ved Handelshøyskolen BI (2005-).
Tidligere direktør ved SIRUS (2012-2015), professor ved UiO (2004-2012), professor ved UiB (1995-2004), direktør ved Hemil-senteret (UiB), forskningsleder ved Folkelseinstituttet og NFR, forsker i WHO Geneve, etc.
The current study examined the efficacy of a web-based intervention (WBI; Avanti) on symptoms of depression and well-being for patients diagnosed with HIV. A two-armed randomized trial recruited patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at an outpatient clinic. Thirty-six patients were allocated to Avanti and 31 patients to a control group. Primary outcomes were symptoms of depression and subjective well-being (SWB), and secondary outcomes included life satisfaction and affect balance. Paired tests showed that only patients following Avanti had significant improvements in SWB by 3 months as well as affect balance. No significant differences between groups were detected in any of the outcome parameters at baseline after 3 months, as expected from group size and variability in the parameters. However, time since HIV diagnosis and ART initiation moderated the effects of Avanti. In conclusion, our data show that patients with HIV infection may benefit from a WBI in adjunct to medical treatment.
Norway has one of the most comprehensive infrastructures for tobacco control in the world and has launched several media campaigns recent years. Can yet another anti-smoking campaign, using fear appeal messages, have an immediate impact on smoking behavior, motivation to quit and health beliefs? A sample of smokers (N = 2543) completed a survey before and after a 7-week national media campaign. Individual exposure to campaign (unaided recall) was used as predictor of change. We observed no statistically significant effect on smoking status but tendencies were in the expected direction for daily smokers (P = 0.09). There were no effects on number of cigarettes per day, likelihood to quit or reduce smoking. Small but statistically significant effects were found on motivation to quit (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.004) and perceived seriousness of health hazards (P < 0.05, ηp2 = 0.002). In addition, there was an increase in interpersonal discussions about health and smoking for those exposed to the campaign (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.008). We conclude that there are very small effects of a relatively short and intense mass media campaign on a population of smokers already exposed to one of the most comprehensive tobacco control programs in the world.
Postpartum depression is a serious health issue affecting as many as 10–15 % of postpartum women. This longitudinal study aimed to explore how psychological variables such as cognitive emotion regulation strategies, breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), and dimensions of social support predicted postpartum depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). The data were collected with web-based survey questionnaires between May 2008 and December 2009, in a sample of 737 new mothers. The same questionnaire was surveyed at three points in time: 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling (level 1, time points; level 2, person). Results showed that BSE, certain cognitive emotion regulation strategies, perceived available support, and need for support predicted the rate of postpartum depressive symptoms. Only breastfeeding self-efficacy predicted change in postpartum depressive symptoms. This study illustrates the importance of psychological variables with regard to postpartum depressive symptoms. Implications for preventative efforts are discussed.
Norsk arbeidsliv taper hvert år store summer på grunn av alkoholrelaterte problemer på arbeidsplassen. Tidlig intervensjon vil kunne forebygge vanskene og øke muligheten for endring av risikofylte drikkemønstre.
Persuasive technologies pervade much of our everyday lives today in areas from marketing to public health. In the latter case, persuasive technology represents a promising area of application. However, we know much too little about how to design effective interventions to support sustained behaviour change and improved well-being. The purpose of the present paper was to contribute in two ways. First, we want to contribute to current practice in designing such interventions. Second, we try to identify key research questions that could be a point of departure for a more detailed and comprehensive future research program. We do this by means of expressing 28 propositions. In sum, the propositions reflect that the construction of digital interventions should be seen as an iterative process which should take into account both content and design factors. However, we argue that intervention research and practical design experience is not just something that follows basic research at a polite distance, but rather is its inherent complement.
We know much too little about how to design effective digital interventions to support sustained behavior change and improved well-being. The purpose of the present paper was to contribute in two ways. First, we want to contribute to current practice in designing such interventions. Second, we try to identify key research questions that could be a point of departure for a more detailed and comprehensive future research program. The propositions we suggest reflect that the construction of digital interventions should be seen as an iterative process which should take into account both "content" and "design" factors. However, we argue that intervention research and practical design experience is not just something that follows basic research at a polite distance, but rather is its inherent complement.
The present study examined the ability of the TPB to predict the intention to quit smoking and quitting behaviour. In addition, the predictive power of future orientation, number of cigarettes smoked, planning, past behaviour and the interactions between intention and other predictors was examined. Material and methods. The data were derived from a longitudinal survey among 103 daily smoking students at the University of Oslo (mean age 24.6 years, mean number of years of smoking = 8 years). These data were collected by means of self-administered questionnaires at T1 (October 2003) and at T2 (February 2004) in terms of recording actual quitting. The TPB components accounted for 30% of the variance in quitting intentions, and affective attitude and descriptive norm emerged as the strongest predictors of quitting intention. Ordinal regression analysis showed that intention was a borderline significant predictor of subsequent quitting behaviour, while the impact of PBC was non-significant (model 1). The inclusion of the additional variables improved the fit of the model, with number of cigarettes and planning appearing as significant predictors of behaviour (model 2). As predicted, there was a significant interaction between perceived control and intentions on quitting (model 3). Nagelkerke R2 increased from .07 in model 1 to .54 in model 2, and finally to .58 in model 3. Conclusions. The results indicate that affective attitude and descriptive norm play a more crucial role than the other TPB predictors in motivating smokers to quit. The results also indicate that self-regulatory strategies are important in relation to addictive behaviours.
Iversen, Anette & Kraft, Pål (2006). Coping with health related messages: The role of educational level and health consciousness. Health Education Research. ISSN 0268-1153.
Health promoting behaviours seem to be more prevalent among people with higher socio-economic status (SES). The main purpose of this article was to study (a) the relationship between education (as a dimension of SES) and intention and health behaviour (fruit/vegetable consumption), (b) the relationship between education and control conceptualizations (health locus of control (HLC), responseefficacy and self-efficacy) and (c) to what extent the relationship between education and intention/health behaviour (fruit/vegetable consumption)was mediated through different control beliefs. The results showed that women with higher education had higher intentions to consume fruit/vegetables and consumed fruit/vegetables more frequently. Higher education was associated with higher selfefficacy and response-efficacy beliefs and less belief in HLCchance. These control beliefs partly mediated the education–intention/behaviour elationship.
The purposes of the study were threefold. First, to test the validity of Ajzen's (1991) theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting intended contraception in the Ethiopian cultural setting. Second, to examine the additional predictive roles of past behavior and perceived pregnancy risk in the TPB model. Third, to identify the salient contraceptive beliefs influencing intended contraception. Data stemmed from a community sample of 354 sexually active female adolescents aged 15 to 19 years. The findings of the study supported TPB as a robust model in Ethiopian cultural setting, with subjective norm being the strongest predictor of intended contraception. In addition, both past contraceptive behavior and perceived pregnancy risk demonstrated to have significant contributions in predicting intention over and above that explained by attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control elements of the TPB. Moreover, the study also identified salient and important contraceptive beliefs that need to be addressed in family life education and counseling programs designed for adolescents and the youth.
A 6-year longitudinal panel study investigated the absolute and relative stability in depressed mood throughout adolescence by reporting data from a sample of 538 adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age. Results revealed the following. (1) Girls had on average higher depressed mood scores than boys at all ages. (2) Among boys there were no substantial changes in depressed mood mean scores, while among girls there was a slight tendency of a curvilinear trend, with a peak level reached in midadolescence. (3) There was a tendency for adolescents to retain their relative level in depressed mood, most pronounced for a period of 4 years, from age 15 to age 19 years. (4) Depressed mood was most stable in a subgroup of adolescents who had high initial depressed mood scores. (5) By applying structural equation modeling, it was shown that the stable ("trait") component of depressed mood increased in importance with increasing age, while the temporal ("state") component decreased with increased age.
A 6-year longitudinal panel study investigated the absolute and relative stability in depressed mood throughout adolescence by reporting data from a sample of 538 adolescents between 13 and 19 years of age. Results revealed the following. (I) Girls had on average higher depressed mood scores than boys at all ages. (2) Among boys there were no substantial changes in depressed mood mean scores, while among girls there was a slight tendency of a curvilinear trend, with a peak level reached in midadolescence. (3) There was a tendency for adolescents to retain their relative level in depressed mood, mast pronounced for a period of 4 years, from age 15 to age 19 years. (4) Depressed mood was most stable in a subgroup of adolescents who had high initial depressed mood scores. (5) By applying structural equation modeling, it was shown that the stable ("trait") component of depressed mood increased in importance with increasing age, while the temporal ("state") component decreased with increased age.
Two studies examine the psychometric properties and socio-demographic correlates of the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE) (Jerusalem and Schwarzer, 1986; Schwarzer, 1993). Further, the relationship between GSE and different types of task-specific self-efficacy (TSSE) was studied. Data from 421 Norwegian daily smokers aged 16-79 and 1576 Norwegian 18-year-olds were applied. The results showed that the factor structure, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of GSE were satisfactory. The construct validity of GSE was also supported. The results indicated the existence of complex relationships between GSE and gender, age and education, respectively. Positive correlations were found between GSE and smoking specific self-efficacy (SSSE) and injury risk related self-efficacy (IRSE), respectively. However, GSE did not predict the intention to try to stop smoking while SSSE did. The relationship between GSE and TSSE was addressed with reference to different types of attribution and the possibility that the value of different efficacy experiences may vary between people and throughout the lifecourse.
Two studies examine the psychometric properties and socio-demographic correlates of the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE) (Jerusalem and Schwarzer, 1986; Schwarzer, 1993). Further, the relationship between GSE and different types of task-specific self-efficacy (TSSE) was studied. Data from 421 Norwegian daily smokers aged 16-79 and 1576 Norwegian 18-year-olds were applied. The results showed that the factor structure, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of GSE were satisfactory. The construct validity of GSE was also supported. The results indicated the existence of complex relationships between GSE and gender, age and education, respectively. Positive correlations were found between GSE and smoking specific self-efficacy (SSSE) and injury risk related self-efficacy (IRSE), respectively. However, GSE did not predict the intention to try to stop smoking while SSSE did. The relationship between GSE and TSSE was addressed with reference to different types of attribution and the ppossibility that the value of different efficacy experiences may vary between people and throughout the lifecourse.
Intention to stop smoking was studied by applying the stage variable from the transtheoretical model and a traditional "continuous" 7-poin t intenti measure. 421 respondents, representative of Norwegian daily smokers aged 16-79, comprised the sample for the study. As expected, the pros of smoking outweighed the cons in precontemplation, while t he cons of smoking outweighed the pros in the preparation stage. Furt hermore, the hypothesised contrasts for cons between stages were empi rically supported, while those for cessation related confidence and p ros of smoking were not. These findings can be interpreted as providi ng partial support for the idea of qualitatively different stages. Ho wever, all the criterion variables were also linearly associated with the 7-point intention measure. Further analysis showed that includin g the continuous intention measure in a regression model after the in clusion of stage increased the prediction of three criterion variable s, while no gain in information was observed when stage was included in the model after intention. Thus a "continuous" intention measure m ay provide more detailed information than a three-category stage vari able, and the data might just as well have been interpreted as suppor ting the notion of a continuous intention measure.
Two studies examine the psychometric properties and socio-demographic correlates of the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE) (Jerusalem and S chwarzer, 1986; Schwarzer, 1993). Further, the relationship between G SE and different types of task-specific self-efficacy (TSSE) was stud ied. Data from 421 Norwegian daily smokers aged 16-79 and 1576 Norweg ian 18-year-olds were applied. The results showed that the factor str ucture, internal consistency and test-retest reliability of GSE were satisfactory. The construct validity of GSE was also supported. The r esults indicated the existence of complex relationships between GSE a nd gender, age and education, respectively. Positive correlations wer e found between GSE and smoking specific self-efficacy (SSSE) and inj ury risk related self-efficacy (IRSE), respectively. However, GSE did not predict the intention to try to stop smoking while SSSE did. The relationship between GSE and TSSE was addressed with reference to di fferent types of attribution and the possibility that the value of di fferent efficacy experiences may vary between people and throughout t he lifecourse.
Kraft, Pål; Sutton, Stephen & McCreath, Heather (1997). The transtheoretical model of behaviour change: are the stages qualitatively different?. Psychology and Health. ISSN 0887-0446.
Kraft, Pål; Svendsen, Terje & Hauknes, Arne (1997). Intention to stop smoking among Norwegian smokers: The role of nicotine dependence, type of cigarettes and age at onset of daily smoking. Addictive Behaviours. ISSN 0306-4603.
Kraft, Pål (2016). Rusmiddelavhengighet - et psykologisk perspektiv.. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788215026268. 232 s.
Kraft, Pål (2016). Rusmiddelavhengighet. Et psykologisk perspektiv.. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 9788215026268. 232 s.
Mange av de problemene som moderne menneskene sliter med, henger sammen med manglende selvregulering: bruk av rusmidler, overspising, aggresjon, eller overforbruk av penger. Mange av disse problemene håndteres av kriminalomsorgen, rettsvesenet, helsevesenet, NAV eller barnevernet. Manglende selvregulering er således et problem både for enkeltpersoner og for samfunnet. Forfatterens utgangspunkt er at hjernen og kroppen vår stort sett er slik de var for mange tusen år siden. Helt annerledes er det med samfunnet. Teknologien og kulturen har utviklet seg radikalt på bare noen få hundre år. Resultatet er at vi lever i et hypermoderne samfunn, men med gammeldagse kropper og hjerner. Dette setter store krav til våre evner til selvregulering. Krav som ofte overgår de evnene og mulighetene som vår biologi kan bidra med.
Kraft, Pål (2002). Opplevd mestringskontroll - en analyse av relevant teori og empirisk forskning. Institutt for samfunnspsykologi, UiB. ISBN 82-917-13-251. 136 s.
Skilled interpersonal communication improves individual and group outcomes in life and work. This makes it important to find effective and efficient training methods to teach interpersonal communication skills. Internet based interventions may provide training to a wide audience at low cost and have been shown to be effective for a range of health related behaviours, but so far not for communication skills training. The present study evaluates the efficacy of an internet-based intervention to teach interpersonal communication skills relative to a control group. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. In the treatment condition, participants got access to a four week internet based communication skills training program. The control group was put on a waiting list. Interpersonal communication skills were measured at baseline and at 1 month, 2 months and 6 months follow ups, using a selection of subscales from the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire and the Perspective Taking scale. Analyses did not find any statistically significant effects of the intervention relative to the control group. Several possible reasons for this null finding are discussed, and directions for future research are proposed.
Mål: I denne studien undersøkte vi effekten av en internettbasert, helautomatisk intervensjon som har til hensikt å forebygge og redusere forekomst av stress. Intervensjonen inneholder 13 programdager (sesjoner) som brukeren får tilgang til i løpet av en måned. Metode: Studien ble gjennomført i Norge, og var designet som en to-armet, randomisert, kontrollert studie der stress ble målt rett før og etter intervensjonen, og igjen en og fem måneder etter at intervensjonen var avsluttet. Deltakerne ble selvrekruttert via Facebook, e-post og Google AdWords. Det endelige datamaterialet som ble analysert bestod av 43 personer som mottok intervensjonen (behandlingsgruppen; EG), og 63 personer som stod på venteliste, og som først fikk tilgang til intervensjonen etter siste datainnsamling (ventelistekontrollgruppen; VG). Data ble samlet inn ved bruk av elektroniske spørreskjemaer. Resultat: Brukerne av intervensjonen hadde reduserte stressnivåer fem måneder etter intervensjonen, mens tilsvarende utvikling ikke ble observert i VG. Mer detaljerte analyser viste at effekten av intervensjonen på stress ble delvis mediert via økt grad av oppmerksomt nærvær, som er et tema det arbeiders mye med i intervensjonen. Intervensjonenes effekt på stress var ikke påvirket av respondentenes kjønn eller utdanningsnivå. Intervensjonen syntes imidlertid å ha noe bedre effekt blant personer i alderen 23 til 32 år, enn personer i andre aldersgrupper. Konklusjon: Det kan konkluderes med at studien viser at forekomsten av stress kan reduseres ved en internettbasert, helautomatisk selvhjelpsintervensjon.
Background: High prevalence of minor depression and low well-being constitutes both individual and societal burden. The Internet provides a promising platform for treatment delivery. Objective and Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of an internet-based self-help intervention Bedre Hverdag (BH) for mild-to-moderate depression and promotion of well-being. Long-term effects (i.e.6 months) of BH were assessed in comparison to a waiting-list control group. Results: Of the 206 eligible participants, 112 were randomized to the experimental group and 94 to the waiting-list control group. Data from 34 participants in the experimental group and 47 from the control group were subjected to statistical analyses. Individuals assigned to BH reported significant increases in positive affect (PA) at 1 month follow-up, as measured by Positive Affect Schedual (PANAS); z = - 2.49, p = .011, r = .42 , which were significantly different from levels of PA at the same time period in the control group, U = 589, z = -2.01 , p = .044 , r = .2. Increases in PA were no longer significant at 2 and 6 month follow-ups. No statistically significant reductions in negative affect (NA) as measured by the Negative Affect Schedual (PANAS) and depressive symptoms as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) were observed in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Treatment x Educational attainment interaction explained 5.3% of variance in depressive symptoms, and 10.7% of variance in NA at 1 month follow-up, above and beyond the main effects. Individuals with lowest level of educational attainment reported largest reductions in both CES-D scores and NA. Conclusion: BH produced significant increases in PA at 1 month post-treatment. No significant reductions were observed in either depressive symptoms or NA. Educational attainment moderated the intervention's effects on depressive symptoms and NA.
Skeie, Linda Gail; Drozd, Filip; Kraft, Pål & Kvale, Dag (2012). A randomized controlled trial of aweb-based psychological intervention for patients under treatment for chronic HIV infection.
Det er i senere tid observert økning av alkoholkonsum og alkoholrelaterte problemer, spesielt blant unge og kvinner. Flere forbruksmønster kan forårsake vesentlig risiko eller skade. Fra et samfunnsperspektiv er det imidlertid ikke avhengighet, men skadelig og risikofylt alkoholforbruk som tilskrives det største skadeomfanget. Digitale intervensjoner overfor denne målgruppen er et relativt nytt fagfelt med nye muligheter og potensial. Studiens formål var å gi en strukturert evaluering av hvorvidt den nettbaserte alkoholintervensjonen Balance fungerer suksessfullt som et informasjonssystem. Dette ble valgt å undersøkes fra et brukerperspektiv, og kvalitative semistrukturerte telefonintervju med 7 brukere ble gjennomført. Resultatene ble analysert ved bruk av teoribasert tematisk analyse, med utgangspunkt i D&M modellen. Her ble 5 komponenter av informasjonssystemet undersøkt: informasjonskvalitet, systemkvalitet, systembruk, brukertilfredshet, og netto utbytte. Resultatene konkluderer med at Balance totalt sett fungerte som et informasjonssystem, spesielt i forhold til informasjonskvalitet og netto utbytte. Den delen som fungerte dårligst var en underkategori av systemkvalitet, men dette virket ikke å påvirke den totale brukertilfredsheten.
Drozd, Filip & Kraft, Pål (2008). Digital therapy: A description of a digital and fully automated alcohol intervention.
Kraft, Pål (2007). Digital Therapy: The coming together of psychology and technology.
Rise, Jostein; Kovac, Velibor Bobo & Kraft, Pål (2004). Bridging the intention-behaviour gap of addictive behaviours: the case of quitting smoking.
Kraft, Pål (2002). Revisiting PBC in the TPB.
Kraft, Pål (2002). Opplevd atferdskontroll (PBC) i teorien om planlagt atferd : teoretiske og metodologiske betraktninger.
Fekadu, Zelalem & Kraft, Pål (2000). Self-construals and subjective norms in the theory of planned behaviour in Ethiopia.
Kraft, Pål (2000). Stage models in health behavior research.
Kraft, Pål; Breivik, Solveig; Vittersø, Joar & Holsen, Ingrid (2000). Body image and deression: a longitudinal study of adolescents aged 13-18.
Purpose: The existence of social economic differences in health is well documented. According to the social causation explanation the roots of social inequalities in health are found in the environment of social positions. Hence, components of SES ( income, education and occupation) shape one's life course and influence key domains in life, such as socialisation practise, psychological development, mood, cognition and health behaviours. The purpose of the present research was threefold: a) to examine SES differences in intention and behaviour related to exercise, consumption of fruit and vegetables, and breast self-examination, b) to study how intention and behaviour was related to different control conceptualisations (HLC, response-efficacy, general and behaviour specific self-efficacy beliefs), and c) to study how these control constructs mediated the relationship between SES and intention/behaviour. Method: Data was collected in autumn 1999 and stemmed from a representative sample of 800 women aged 45 years and living in western Norway. 403 women responded to the first questionnaire (response rate 50.8 %) and 81.6 % of them (41.5 % of the total sample) responded to a second questionnaire one month later. Results:Relevant results will be presented.
Kraft, Pål (1999). Røyking og sosial påvirkning - empirisk forskning og sosialpsykologisk teori.
Kraft, Pål (1998). Individual health behaviour and societal constraints - some sociological models for conceptualising macro-micro-interactions. The case of smoking.
Kraft, Pål; Sutton, Stephen & McCreath, Heather (1998). The transtheoretical model of behaviour change: are the stages qualitatively different?.
Leganger, Anette & Kraft, Pål (1998). Perceived self-efficacy in health behaviour research: Conceptualisation, measurement and correlates.
Leganger, Anette & Kraft, Pål (1998). Utvikling av røykevaner blant ansatte i Sjøforsvaret. Rapport nr.2 til Sanitetsinspektøren for Sjøforsvaret.
Kraft, Pål; Sutton, Stephen & McCreath, Heather (1997). The transtheoretical model of behaviour change: are the stages qualitatively different?.
Mittelmark, Maurice B & Kraft, Pål (1997). Social ties, support, and connectedness as predictors of psychological well-being.


Welcome to Maple (Resource Provision)!
Maple is a Resource Provision within Lillington Nursery and Primary School that meets the needs of pupils who are unable to access the curriculum in a mainstream class owing to their complex needs, namely Communication and Interaction difficulties including Autism Spectrum conditions.
In Maple we are taught by at team of specialist staff, Mr Morris, Mrs Bent and Mrs Yeates, who lead interventions and adapt learning to their key child's needs. Up to eight children can access this sensitively adapted environment.
* We provide secure and respectful relationships - following Maslow's hierarchy of need; Attachment Theory; developments in brain research and early learning; understanding child development milestones; staff training in emotional literacy; how we feel affects how we learn.
* We promote personal, social and emotional well-being - choices and consequences are clear, the emphasis on the positive not the negative, clear structures and routines, positive behaviour policy, an inclusive ethos and practice, broader definition of educational success than academic attainment.