text:
Q: Setting and moving to a bookmark I have an error message on a form that checks for an existing SSN on the BeforeUpdate event of a text box. If it already exists in the database, the user is given a message box to this effect, and has the option to go to the existing record. I'm using this example code here. My code is below.
Private Sub txtSocialSecurityNumber_BeforeUpdate(Cancel As Integer)

    'check for existing SSN
    Dim SSN As String
    Dim strLinkCriteria As String
    Dim rsc As Recordset

    Set rsc = Me.RecordsetClone

    SSN = Me.txtSocialSecurityNumber.Value
    strLinkCriteria = "[SocialSecurityNumber] = " & "'" & SSN & "'"

    'look for duplicates
    If DCount("SocialSecurityNumber", "Person", LinkCriteria) > 0 Then
        'Undo duplicate entry
        Me.Undo
        'error message
        intResponse = MsgBox("Social Security Number " & SSN & " already exists in database." & _
            vbCrLf & vbCrLf & "Would you like to view the record?", vbYesNo, "Duplicate SSN")
            If intResponse = vbYes Then
                'go to record
                rsc.FindFirst strLinkCriteria
                Me.Bookmark = rsc.Bookmark
            ElseIf intResponse = vbNo Then
                Exit Sub
            End If
    End If

    Set rsc = Nothing

End Sub

According to this code, and several other examples I have looked up, it seems like I'm doing everything right, but I must not be because when I try to run the code and go to the existing record, I get the error "Run-time error '424': Object Required". When I debug, the row rst.FindFirst strLinkCriteria is highlighted, and hovering over it gives me the text strLinkCriteria = "[SocialSecurityNumber] = '123456789'" (123456789 is a known sample SSN in my database). Thank you to Sergey S. for pointing out the spelling error that fixed this section.
When I tell the message box to go to the record with the existing SSN, it gives me Run-time error '3021': No current record. Debug highlights the line Me.Bookmark = rsc.Bookmark with the message rsc.Bookmark = <No current record.>. So it sounds like I'm not assigning the bookmark correctly.
I've never used bookmarks before, so I'm not really sure what I'm doing wrong here. Any help would be appreciated.

A: You declared rsc, but used rst.
Change your code to
rsc.FindFirst strLinkCriteria

And I'd recommend always use Option Explicit in every module (default can be changed on options), otherwise you'll face with such kind strange errors. With this option the typo would be found by compiller, not at runtime.


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TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - South Sulawesi Regional Police have named DK, the owner and captain of Arista boat that sunk in Makassar Strait, South Sulawesi as a suspect in the incident. "We have detained the captain," said Chief of Public Relation of the South Sulawesi Police Sr. Commr. Dicky Sondani.
DK was alleged for neglecting the boat's standard operating procedure. "The boat was not a passenger boat, but a fishing boat," Dicky added.
Moreover, investigators claimed that DK does not own proper registration documents for the boat. DK will be charged with Article 302 (3) of Law No. 17 of 2008 on Shipping with possible sanction of 10 years of imprisonment.
KM Arista sunk on Wednesday, June 13 at 12:45 PM in Gusung waters. The boat was transporting dozens of passengers and was heading for Barrang Lompo Island from Paotere Port. The ship sunk after it was hit by waves.


text:
3 arrested in Montgomery County human trafficking sting linked to
Conroe woman facing felony charges after allegedly flushing
Conroe teen admits to firearm thefts connected to 2-month string
Driver killed when car split in half during head-on crash in
EMC News
The Woodlands News
Magnolia News
Candidate filing period for Woodlands board opens July 20
Shenandoah notes: Residents, council irritated about 'rogue'
Conroe horse riding instructor convicted on child sexual assault
Kingwood man accused of shooting ex-wife's new husband as couple
Courier Cookbook
Crighton youth theater students present 'A Midsummer Night's
Conroe Parks and Recreation activities - July 17
United States Army Field Band and Soldiers' Chorus coming to
Jerry Walls: A hair-raising experience with two black bears
Courier 125th Anniversary
https://www.yourconroenews.com/neighborhood/moco/news/article/Conroe-considers-defunct-Wedgewood-Golf-Course-13147747.php
Conroe considers defunct Wedgewood Golf Course land donation
By Catherine Dominguez
Published 4:35 pm CDT, Friday, August 10, 2018
PlainsCapital has proposed donating a portion of the defunct Wedgewood golf course to the City of Conroe.
Photo: Michael Minasi, Staff Photographer / Houston Chronicle
The Conroe City Council is considering accepting a partial land donation of the now defunct Wedgewood Golf Course despite the fact that the city staff who negotiated the deal both own homes on the course and would directly benefit from the agreement.
The council heard a presentation regarding the possible agreement between the city and PlainsCapital Bank who took ownership of the course several years ago when it went into bankruptcy. However, neither City Attorney Marc Winberry, who gave the presentation, nor City Administrator Paul Virgadamo disclosed during the discussion that their homes sit on the golf course.
The donation includes the former course holes 4, 5, 6, 16 and 17. According to the Montgomery Central Appraisal District, Virgadamo has owned his home on the course since September 1997. Virgadamo's home is located adjacent to the property proposed in the donation. Winberry has owned his home on the course since May 1992 and is not adjacent to the property in the donation agreement. Winberry said the goal of any future development would to maintain a buffer between any new construction and existing homes.
In exchange for the donations, the city would offer incentives for the future development of the remaining course. Winberry did not provide any information on the potential development of the land.
According to Winberry, the city would maintain the property as a circular walking trail. However, he did not provide information on the city's cost to maintain that area.
While the council said very little regarding the possible agreement, Councilman Duane Ham was supportive of accepting the land. In a statement to The Courier, he acknowledged he was aware Virgadamo and Winberry own land on the course.
"The city of Conroe is pleased to announce a proposed agreement with PlainsCapital Bank providing for the donation of portions of the defunct Wedgewood Golf Course to the City of Conroe," Ham said in statement to The Courier. "Negotiations over the agreement began over 2 years ago after the bank first approached the City about the sale of the property. The city objective was to protect property values of the surrounding homes and help preserve the general character of the neighborhood without burdening the tax payers of the community.
"Donation of the property to the city for park use will achieve the city's neighborhood protection goals without significant cost."
Ham noted additional information including a map and copy of the proposed agreement is available on the city's website.
In the rough
The fate of the golf course has been a concern for many residents in the Wedgewood community for several years. After learning the golf course had become bank owned, residents began a campaign to raise the funds to purchase the course and appoint a board of directors to operate it.
In fact, in September 2015 the Conroe City Council approved a resolution asking the bank to give the neighborhood time to get money together to buy the course from them, rather than a development company.
However, in January 2016, the negotiations hit a snag over the price when neither side would agree to a price and the course was permanently closed that same month.
In January of this year, developer Mike Westering renovated the range and structures on Texas 105 as a new restaurant and event venue called The Cedar Lodge.
Gina Johnson, who lives on the 15th hole of the course and started a Facebook page Save Wedgewood Golf Club, said the situation with the course it "upsetting."
"It's sad," she said. "A lot of people paid a lot of money for their homes."
Johnson said the value of her home, along with others on the course have dropped
"We did everything we could and it was for nothing," she said. "What was going to be done was going to be done."
The council took no action on the donation will revisit the issue at a future meeting.
cdominguez@hcnonline.com
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Montgomery County History
Horse riding instructor convicted on child sexual assault charges
Teen commits to making 100 quilts for women and youth shelters
Manslaughter suspect one of 37 charged with felony DWI
Riders tip hats to inaugural All Girls Rodeo in New Caney
Shenandoah notes: Residents, council irritated about 'rogue' signs

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Last year, a Chicago couple made history when they closed on their home online using a Virginia notary and a Texas title company. It was the start of a revolution.
Since then, homeowners from across the country have used the Notarize for Mortgage platform to complete their closings at their convenience and on their terms. Today, we're proud to add the first southwest Florida closing to the list.
At the center of the transaction was 82-year old George Trepanier, a New Hampshire resident selling his winter condo in Bonita Springs, Florida - just north of Naples. George was able to sell his property in under an hour from the comfort of his living room, avoiding the trip to the title agent's office and hand-signing over a dozen documents.
The closing was powered by Notarize and ResWare, who have partnered to reimagine the workflow for both signers and title agents. The Nov. 30 closing was the first fully online closing completed in Florida using the Notarize for ResWare integration.
Since Florida has the third-most households of any state (7.39 million), trailing only California (12.8) and Texas (9.3), the potential to buy and sell their home where and when it is most convenient has yet to be realized.
Notarize for ResWare eliminates the need for printing, organizing, scanning, and shipping closing documents. ResWare users no longer need to coordinate with mobile notaries and hope they complete the signing fully and on-time. Notarized documents are automatically sent back into ResWare for seamless, closed-loop document storage.
And best of all, title agents are paid sooner.


We've started firing! We've begun our exciting test to see if we can reduce impurities in FF-1 far enough to greatly boost fusion energy yield. And some of you are helping. The first eight of our shots were funded by your contributions, and the table here shows who funded each shot. (Missing numbers in the list are pre-fires, where only one switch fires.) Thanks to all who contributed for helping to make fusion happen! But we need your help. Please continue here for more details on how you can help us to achieve fusion.


Your tresses can make everyone FoliGrow XT around you envious when you make small changes to your hair care. Keep in mind that when you care for your hair, the more work that you do, the better your results will be. However, having excellent results does not mean you must spend a lot of money. Get The Hair That You Want With This Hair Care Advice Soft and shiny locks are something that everyone wants, however, very few people know how to get them! If the article below, you will learn about great tips and ideas that will get your hair looking fabulous. No one wants boring, dull hair, so use these tips to get perfect hair now! Eating an unhealthy diet impacts the health of your hair negatively. To get the healthiest hair possible, incorporate plenty of fatty acids, vitamin E, and iron into your diet.


text:
import unittest

from paddle.fluid.dygraph.dygraph_to_static.utils import ast_to_source_code
from paddle.fluid.dygraph.dygraph_to_static.variable_trans_func import (
    create_fill_constant_node,
)

class TestVariableTransFunc(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_create_fill_constant_node(self):
        node = create_fill_constant_node("a", 1.0)
        source = "a = paddle.full(shape=[1], dtype='float64', fill_value=1.0, name='a')"
        self.assertEqual(
            ast_to_source_code(node).replace('\n', '').replace(' ', ''),
            source.replace(' ', ''),
        )

        node = create_fill_constant_node("b", True)
        source = "b = paddle.full(shape=[1], dtype='bool', fill_value=True, name='b')"
        self.assertEqual(
            ast_to_source_code(node).replace('\n', '').replace(' ', ''),
            source.replace(' ', ''),
        )

        node = create_fill_constant_node("c", 4293)
        source = "c = paddle.full(shape=[1], dtype='int64', fill_value=4293, name='c')"
        self.assertEqual(
            ast_to_source_code(node).replace('\n', '').replace(' ', ''),
            source.replace(' ', ''),
        )

        self.assertIsNone(create_fill_constant_node("e", None))
        self.assertIsNone(create_fill_constant_node("e", []))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Pass to the classical view of a traditional inbox.
While all email systems for free or not, the programs on line are different, because it follow some basic structure, but if you already use some online mail for example gmail.com, yahoo.com or aol.com will be very similar.
The idea is to divide the things in structures, in addition, you can manage it through hyperlinks.
On the left of the screen you will have the Folders, this folders is to stored emails, in the main input tray, and then you can look the options Sent, Drafts, Junk, Deleted.
In your inbox, you can read messages and the unread messages, and an envelope show us their status. In the option e-mails sent you will be the sent messages to your contacts. In Read only the see emails.
In the folder Drafts will be the emails that you started writing but for one reason or another you diden't finish sending, but you have been a technical problem or for example you need to send an attachment that you don't had, in any case can resume the draft mails and also the send mail.
In the folder "Junk" e-mails you will have the Microsoft Filter categorized as spam, advertising, annoying people, bullying or unimportant.
The folder Eliminated are finally in the emails you decided to send Recycle Bin, for example they are in case that you need to retrieval. If you definitely want to purge have the option to permanently delete.
If you want to recover it you has the option Restore, but remember the trash is emptied automatically every ten days.
In the center of the inbox you can look the e mails have been sent.
In the Yellow color with an envelope, is to identificate the mails that you read. Furthermore, its subject or title is highlighted in bold. The option Read are the emails and an envelope with the color white and an open envelope icon.
To read a mail to read and unread, you must to click on the envelope or on the title page that is to viewing your e-mail.
This will have three key things. One of them in the side is to shown who sent the mail. The Second and third thing is a text box where the message itself.
Learn all about the hotmail inbox. Your details, as use folders, the icons and more. Learn all about hotmail.


Attending Microsoft Ignite is a bit of like consuming from a fireplace hose — the sheer choice of bulletins and nice new functions is overwhelming! Listed below are a few of my very favourite intranet bulletins from Day 1.
Fashionable conversation web site as the foundation web site!
Some of the necessary websites in Place of job 365 is the foundation web site for your tenant. Till now, the foundation web site has been a vintage crew web site. A large announcement these days is that the default root web site for brand new tenants can be a contemporary conversation web site.
A key ask from company communications groups has been the power to submit and advertise organization-wide information in SharePoint. Microsoft simply introduced the power to designate one conversation web site because the reliable information portal for the group. Information posted to the reliable information portal will get a different indicator in order that it's simple to inform — each on cellular and on SharePoint house — which information posts are coming from the reliable information portal.
Any other cool replace to Information is the power to convey web information into the Information internet phase with a URL hyperlink as a substitute of a web page. This capacity is already to be had in Focused Free up tenants, and along with permitting you to usher in hyperlinks to exterior articles, you'll be able to additionally tag the object web page with the similar metadata you utilize for the opposite pages for your internet phase.
Information is getting some other replace that I'm really not completely loopy about — the power to have information rotate in a carousel. I don't love carousels, however each communications crew I paintings with turns out to need them. Prior to you check out including this for your web site, I like to recommend a handy guide a rough seek advice from to ShouldIUseACarousel.com. Use a carousel at your individual chance!
The facility to create web page design layouts to aid you construct pages the usage of a constant structure.
New attributes for pages, together with the power so as to add an Creator for a web page who does now not essentially must be the similar one that created the web page and new symbol functions within the web page header.
The facility to display each the writer and the printed date for the web page within the header.
The facility to affiliate a company-defined symbol library to limit pictures to "emblem licensed" pictures.
The facility to upload background colours to sections.
The usage of some of these new functions would require some restraint — as a result of attempting each new characteristic on each unmarried web page isn't essentially going to assist get your message throughout. Web page authors nonetheless want to use excellent judgement and concentrate on nice content material thoughtfully created for scanning and perusing on-line.
The layouts also are going to permit web page editors to make a choice other background colours in line with the web site theme. This creates much more tactics to inform visually compelling tales — and not using a customized code!
The facility to focus on content material to other audiences was once one among my favourite "vintage" SharePoint options, and it's now coming to trendy websites. We can quickly have the ability to goal content material to customers in line with AD Workforce club, together with dynamic teams.
One of the most coolest tactics to use this capacity can be within the talent to create "Me" content material for your intranet house web page and different websites. For instance, we will create content material that presentations organizational information and different endeavor content material on pages, together with private my duties, my conferences, my e-mail, and my fresh websites and paperwork. That is an improbable "out of the field" capacity that can permit organizations to extra simply force visitors to intranet websites as a result of websites can be customized for each and every particular person consumer.
Worker engagement might be one of the crucial most sensible buzzword bingo phrases at Ignite. No longer handiest can organizations support engagement with nice new customized content material, however one of the crucial key engagement internet portions is getting a long-awaited growth. Ultimate yr, the Yammer internet phase were given some modernization with a mobile-friendly show that had handiest restricted worth as it didn't permit customers to have interaction with Yammer content material. The vintage internet phase didn't paintings on cellular gadgets, but it surely confirmed conversations in a pleasant threaded show having the ability to interact — however handiest on laptops and desktops. The brand new Yammer internet phase combines the most productive of each worlds — a mobile-friendly internet phase that permits customers to have interaction with Yammer immediately in SharePoint.
It is a tremendous thrilling growth in consumer enjoy that does not pressure web site homeowners to make a painful selection between the vintage and fashionable internet portions. To be told extra concerning the present Yammer internet phase catch 22 situation, take a look at Sarah Haase's fresh weblog publish concerning the trade-offs between the 2 present choices. I'm in reality glad to peer this selection in any case move away!
Video is some other necessary instrument for worker engagement. Flow could also be getting some welcome additions to make it even more straightforward to leverage video within the group with a cellular app and the power to obtain video to check offline.
One in all my favourite bulletins these days is the power to roll up match content material from any web site in a hub. Virtually each one among my shoppers has requested for this capacity. I'm completely doing the glad dance for this easy however necessary announcement!
My ultimate favourite announcement is tremendous thrilling for info architects — SharePoint websites are getting the power to create mega-menus for navigation! First of all, mega-menus are site-specific, however with the power to be had for particular person websites, you recognize that international navigation can't be too a ways down the street.
There have been additionally some wonderful bulletins about seek these days, however for intranets, it's nonetheless the case that the majority of customers nonetheless be expecting so that you could browse for content material and navigate to search out what they want. Including the power to create mega-menu navigation with out customized code is an improbable addition to the local, first-party functions for intranets in SharePoint and Place of job 365.
Additionally launching these days is new steering for making plans navigation for intranets and SharePoint websites for which I used to be the important writer. The steering addresses tips on how to arrange navigation hyperlinks to create nice data architectures. The steering will let you plan tips on how to arrange your navigation hyperlinks to create nice surfing reviews in your customers.
My head is already exploding with the entire nice new functions for intranets that had been introduced on simply the primary day of Ignite – and there may be extra to come back later this week!
"We imagine that the touchdown web page in your group — your corporation's intranet portal — is among the maximum necessary virtual worker reviews you'll create. We imagine that the enjoy should be dynamic, customized, social, and actionable. We imagine the enjoy should specific the logo and houses of your company. And we imagine, with the inventions we're disclosing at Ignite this week, you'll be able to construct it with SharePoint," says Dan Holme, director of product advertising for SharePoint and Yammer at Microsoft.
You probably have been ready to re-build your intranet on fashionable SharePoint websites, the time to leap in is now.
Use nice new AI-powered internet portions to ship dynamic, customized, and related content material with no need to put in writing customized code.
Create virtual worker reviews and portals which can be simple to create, gorgeous, rapid, social, and cellular.
For an entire listing of the Day 1 bulletins, learn Jeff Teper's weblog publish. For some nice sources to assist construct your fashionable intranet, seek advice from Construct your fashionable intranet on SharePoint in Place of job 365.


Apple provides you with 1 year of warranty and support when you purchase a new Mac. However, if a problem arises, you may need to check and see if you are still covered. Also, if you plan on buying the Apple Care plan, you can check and see if you are still eligible. You just need the serial number of your computer and an internet connection. Here is how to do it: 1. Apple menu -> About this Mac 2. You will see your OS version. Click in this area until it shows your serial #. Once you have it, write it down. 3. Now, go to Apple.com/support. On the right side of the web page is an area that says 'About Your Support Coverage'. Type in you serial # in the provided box, and click 'GO'. 4. Now you should see how much coverage, if any, you have. Note: If you still within your 1 year warranty, you can still purchase the Apple Care extended warranty. Note: You can also check warranty status of other Apple products with this method.


Phoniro is one of the clear market leaders in providing welfare technology solutions to the elderly care sector and we are part of Assa Abloy. The market is changing and is in strong growth since the population is getting older and we need to find new ways of working to secure a high-quality elderly care. Phoniro Care is our common cloud platform for all our solutions and includes modules for digital key management, time & attendance, alarms and remote visits.
Electronic Locks for Home Health Care Providers and Senior Living Communities.
The platform Phoniro Care is made up of different modules that can be used individually or together in a single system solution.


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So you discovered the Nature Isle of the Caribbean?
Now it's time to make your choice of one of the Hotels in Dominica. Get ready for The Champs Experience! A small hotel in Portsmouth, Dominica with a personal character!
What makes The Champs different from all the other hotels in Dominica? There's lot to answer to that question but let's stick with the key elements.
* A bird's eye view will show you that there's more to see on the other side.
* And join the thousands that have said: "WOW, what an AMAZING VIEW!"
Want to know where to stay in Dominica? Ask Lise, the owner of Hotel The Champs and don't be surprised that she will advise you other great hotels than just Hotel The Champs.
Find out all about Hotels in Dominica on various third party websites.
And of course there are many more websites that refer you to Dominica, West Indies in the Caribbean.
A real discovery of Dominica goes beyond just staying at Hotel The Champs.
During the summer months many hotels in Dominica offer to Dominicans and Dominican residents very attractive rates to STAY on island for their VACATION.
That is called a StayCation.
Hotel The Champs is situated near Portsmouth in the North West of Dominica and participates in this program.
Let's give you some shortcut links to land direct where you want to be.
Discover Dominica Authority, the official tourism board of Dominica, has many pages on their website to help you discover all aspects and activities in Dominica, but you want to click here if you are looking for a CERTIFIED ACCOMMODATION to stay.
The island's private sector is organized in the Dominica Hotel & Tourism Association. Of course they also have a website and one of the many pages is ACCOMMODATIONS.
Dominica is not just another island in the Caribbean. It's not your average sun, sea & beach island but nature's paradise for hiking, waterfalls, diving, snorkling and many other activities.
To get the best out of your vacation you want to choose a hotel in Dominica that will help you plan and organize your days. Make sure to "study" TripAdvisor to find the hotel that will fit your needs. Here is the link to go direct to TripAdvisor's List of All Dominica Hotels.
Our next insider tip is one of the most frequently updated websites, made and maintained by Dominica's leading IT company. We'll point you directly to hotels and other places to stay but you can also find on this website almost anything that's going on, new or in the news in Dominica.
The same company has two other great alternatives for you. First one is their List of over 160 Accommodations in Dominica and for all you MOBILE LOVERS they have the best stay.do.eat.shop page for iPhone, Adroid, tablet etc.
If you want the opinion of Hotel The Champs, we think that Prince Rupert Bay, Cabrits National Parc, Fort Shirley, Syndicate and many other attractions make Portsmouth the best region of Dominica, but of you want to stay over in Roseau, you can use the Roseau City Guide Accommodations page.
Experience Dominica Magazine Experience Dominica 2015 is now available online! To view this year's e-magazine, click here.
'Experience Dominica' is a complete guide to Dominica; the only destination magazine of it's kind for our island. 'Experience Dominica' is produced and distributed to hotels, villas and guest houses, public sector stakeholders and international tourism offices and travel partners by the Dominica Hotel & Tourism Association.


In a showdown described as the "biggest in Europe this season",Dortmund's title hopes suffered a blow and extended their losing streak at the Allianz Arena to five games.
Dortmund's free-flowing football had propelled them to the top of the table with seven games remaining but they were taught a lesson by a Bayern side hungry to retain their title.
There weren't any initial signs of a collapse - midfielder Mahmoud Dahoud hit the outside of the post within eight minutes as Dortmund looked bright.
But ex-Dortmund centre-back Hummels proved more clinical when his towering header thumped into the back of the net just minutes later.
After the opener, Dortmund struggled to keep pace with their title rivals and eventually the pressure took its toll.
Dan-Axel Zagadou's clumsy pass fell straight to Lewandowski and the former Dortmund striker lifted the ball over the keeper and slotted it into an open net to double Bayern's lead.
Bayern's pressure was relentless - Dortmund keeper Roman Burki was forced to tip Thomas Muller's header over the bar before making two smart low saves to deny Hummels and Lewandowski.
But Burki's heroics were short-lived as Javi Martinez pounced on a rebound to fire Bayern into a 3-0 lead within 40 minutes.
Gnabry rubbed further salt into the wounds two minutes later with a pin-point header from Muller's cross and Lewandowski picked up his second of the night with a tap-in a minute before full-time.
Dortmund's humiliation was confirmed at half-time but they remain only a point behind in a thrilling title race.
Bayern's slip-up last week against Freiburg suggests there could still be more twists to come.
For the first time since 2001-02, there is only a one-point margin between the first two teams in the Bundesliga after 28 games - back then, Dortmund trailed one point behind Bayer Leverkusen, but became champions in the end.
Bayern have won their last eight home games in the Bundesliga, scoring 29 goals, while conceding only two.
Bayern have also scored 19 goals in their last four home matches against Dortmund and only conceded twice.
Centre-back Hummels' four shots on target in the first half was more than the entire Dortmund team combined.
For the first time, Martinez has scored four competitive goals in one season for Bayern.
Lewandowski has now scored 15 goals in this fixture (14 for Bayern, one for Dortmund) - surpassing Gerd Muller's previous record of 14.
Lewandowski also became the first player in Bundesliga history to score in five consecutive games against a former club.


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WASHINGTON — Deep misunderstandings between the United States and Muslim communities around the world are causing serious problems and solving them will require constructing "bridges of understanding," says the president of the Southern Baptist Convention's Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission.
"Polls show there is a huge lack of understanding of Americans in the Muslim world. We need to broaden and deepen the understanding on both sides," Richard Land said. "The U.S.-Muslim Engagement Project will galvanize every aspect of American society to engage the Muslim society."
The U.S.-Muslim Engagement Project is a broad bipartisan coalition that recently completed 18 months of extensive research into the challenge of reversing extremism, increasing international security and improving relations with the Muslim community. The project's 33-member leadership group included, among others, Land, former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, former Texas congressman Steve Bartlett, and former Minnesota congressman Vin Webber.
The group, which had 11 Muslim-American members and was supported in its work by Search for Common Ground and the Consensus Building Institute, held a briefing Sept. 24 on its report — entitled "Changing Course: A New Direction for U.S. Relations with the Muslim World" — at the Rayburn House Office Building and a press conference at the National Press Club.
"This initiative is a serious, comprehensive, bipartisan effort that seeks to address a critical problem: The world Muslim community misunderstands Americans and Americans misunderstand them," Land said in a written endorsement. "This initiative lays out a detailed and comprehensive plan to vastly decrease that misunderstanding through a multi-faceted approach that will build constructive bridges of mutual understanding between Americans and Muslim world."
The group's plan calls for significant shifts in American foreign policy to create a safer U.S. and a better world and suggests a "new blueprint" on how to reconstruct America's relationship with Muslims around the world, said Stephen Heintz, president of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund. Project leadership has called for the next president of the U.S. to recognize the importance of improving U.S.-Muslim relations in his inaugural speech.
"We hope this work will be taken seriously in the presidential campaign," Heintz said. "We look forward to working with the next administration, because this is going to take a significant presidential leadership and ongoing leadership from the Congress of the U.S."
diplomacy as the "primary tool for resolving conflicts involving Muslim countries,"
efforts "to improve governance and promote civic participation in Muslim countries, and advocate for principles rather than parties in their internal political contests,"
a focus on improving "respect and understanding between Americans and Muslims around the world."
"The leadership group believes that we must elevate diplomacy for conflict resolution," said Land, who is also a member of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom.
"The leadership group, the U.S. military and the U.S. public all recognize the limits of military force and the need for a more comprehensive set of tools to resolve conflicts with and within Muslim countries. Military force may be necessary but is not sufficient alone to defeat extremists in Muslim countries such as Iraq, Afghanistan and Pakistan or prevent attacks elsewhere," he said.
Land said U.S. military leaders are not averse to diplomatic, political and economic initiatives to aid in the isolation and defeat of Islamic extremists.
"By changing our approach, we will also help reverse the widespread perception of Muslims around the world that the U.S. is engaged in a 'war on Islam,'" Land said.
Contrary to popular belief, most Muslims are not supportive of extremists and terrorists, said Ingrid Mattson, president of Islamic Society of North America. Like most Americans, they desire to experience democracy and freedom in their countries and communities.
"At best, only five percent of the worldwide Muslim community supports terrorists," Land said. "In effect what you have in these terrorists groups is a 'death cult' that is taken root within Islam.
"For instance, in Iraq 12 uniformed Iraqi police and military have been killed by terrorists for every one American uniformed service person who has been killed. These Iraqis have been killed because they refused to knuckle under to this death cult's radical and twisted interpretation of Islam," he said. "Americans need to understand this is a gross distortion of Islam as a whole," Land stressed.
According to Marc Gopin, a professor at George Mason University in Fairfax, Va., millions of devout Muslims are serious about democracy. He said they are struggling and Americans should invite them to become partners in building a civilized global community.
To create jobs and increase economic development in Muslim communities, the leadership group suggests engagement between "leaders in the education, commercial and investment communities, both in the U.S. and in Muslim countries and communities."
"The biggest economic challenges in Muslim countries are creating jobs for young people and encouraging a shift in mindset and structure that allows entrepreneurship and some action come to be," said Ahmed Younis, senior analyst of the Gallup Center for Muslim Studies.


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Doctor resigns from ethics committee
A Courtenay doctor resigned from the ethics committee at St. Joseph's General Hospital.
Scott Stanfield
Oct. 19, 2016 6:00 a.m.
Dr. Jonathan Reggler
A Courtenay doctor resigned Tuesday from the ethics committee at St. Joseph's General Hospital due to what he calls a "disgraceful" policy regarding Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD).
"Having now provided a number of medically assisted deaths I can testify to the relief that the exercising of this right brings to suffering patients and their distraught families," Dr. Jonathan Reggler states in a letter to hospital president/CEO Jane Murphy. (See resignation letter, in its entirety, below.)
Reggler said physicians have been prohibited from providing medically-assisted deaths in the hospital ever since the law changed. Bill C-14 received royal assent in June, since which MAiD has been available to Canadians suffering intolerably, and who wish to have a dignified and peaceful death.
In keeping with other Catholic institutions, Reggler said St. Jo's has imposed a "blanket prohibition on the provision of MAiD," which will force transfers to other hospitals, which in turn will cause additional pain and suffering to patients who are too sick to return home.
"This is the cruellest hospital policy that I have ever encountered in over 30 years of medical practice," he states. "St. Joseph's motto, 'Care with Compassion,' rings hollow now."
As a Catholic health care provider, Murphy said St. Jo's does not provide MAiD.
"St. Joseph's has a history of moral tradition of compassionate care that neither prolongs dying nor hastens death," Murphy said in a statement (see below for full statement). "Requests for MAiD are taken extremely seriously, and we work closely with the patient and health care team to discuss and plan his or her care needs."
Under Bill C-14, Reggler had hoped mature minors would be eligible for an assisted death.
"There's no reason to understand why a 16- or 17-year-old dying of an incurable disease shouldn't be able to have something that an 18- or 19-year-old may," he said in an interview. "I think the other big area is that of advanced directives. A lot of older people were hoping that advanced directives would be permitted to allow people to say, 'If I'm very demented, and my quality of life is very poor, I would like my decision-makers to be allowed to have me given a medically-assisted death.' And that's not allowed."
Government has said it would, in the future, consider these issues.
"I do understand the government's anxieties," Reggler said. "But my main concern — and I think it's much more important than any of those — is the issue of hospitals and hospices across Canada denying medically-assisted death to people in those facilities. And it's usually about a faith-based institution like St. Jo's simply saying, 'We will not do this'.
"It requires a provincial law stating that faith-based institutions are not allowed to prohibit individual physicians from carrying out medically-assisted deaths to patients who are eligible and who wish it."
Even if the ethics committee at St. Jo's had approved medically-assisted death, he said their wish would be ignored by the board and the bishop.
The B.C. health sector's response to MAiD allows for individuals and faith‐based hospitals to conscientiously object to its provision, while providing safe and timely transfers for patients for further assessment and discussion of care options, if required.
"We appreciate that this is a sensitive topic, and we are committed to responding in a compassionate manner and providing the best possible care to our patients to relieve their suffering at the end of life," Murphy said.
Ethics Committee Resignation Letter by CVRecord on Scribd
Press Statement – Dr. Jonathan Reggler Resignation St. Joseph's Ethics Committee Oct 18, 2016 by CVRecord on Scribd
Denver sex assault charges dropped against Vancouver Island man
Outside experts endorse B.C. grizzly hunt


People know him as Agent 004, the hard tackling defensive midfielder that other players fear. But what Milan fans learned right away is that the fabled "hard man" is soft as a teddy bear on the inside, and a devoted family man. Or if they didn't realize it before, his tearful exit from the club after only 18 months certainly betrayed his hardened reputation.
I will be the first to admit that I was one of his skeptics when he first came to Milan. But he quickly won me over and I realized, that like much of the footballing world, I had seriously misjudged him. Yes, he could tackle hard, yes he had been known to lose his temper on the pitch, but luckily for Milan, he seemed to be leaving that part of his career behind. In fact I noticed that even the "dirty" tackles that earned him cards were actually usually very calculated and crucial to some of our victories.
But what I had never looked beyond the label to see before were his incredible passing skills. For example. Did you realize that in Serie A this year, he averaged 62 passes per game? With an 88% pass success rate? (according to whoscored.com) In fact, he was often near the top of most passing stats, his secret weapon hidden beneath his hardened reputation.
But I didn't need stats to see his contributions on the pitch. We always played better with him on the pitch, even when he had an off day. He made that center defensive mid position his by just doing what he does best: playing his heart out. He is a model teammate and never makes excuses. He protects his defense, helps maintain possession, and would do his best to join in the attack whenever he could. I honestly don't even know where we would have been this season in the Champions League without our favorite teddy bear… er…. hard tackling Dutchman.
One of my favorite memories will be the way he owned Netherlands teammate Wesley Sneijder in the second derby last year. I thought Sneijder was just going to explode, van Bommel frustrated him at every turn. And then, after the whistle, van Bommel just patted him on the head like a father who had just schooled his son while he still could. It was moments like these that nearly gave away his secret identity, as he was so jovial and kind outside of the 90 minutes on the pitch. But I suppose some of his tackles make it hard for opponents to forget, so I think his identity may only be known to us.
Another clue that tipped me off about his secret identity was during the Scudetto celebrations last year. Watching him with his beautiful children, it was so obvious that he is a devoted family man, hardly the man people paint him to be. And while he was quickly grafted into Milan's family tree, it was ultimately the call of home and possibly following in the footsteps of extended family that pulled him away from his new family at Milan.
It is widely known that van Bommel was interested in taking his coaching courses in the Netherlands. His father-in-law, Bert van Marwijk is the manager of the Dutch national team, and van Bommel apparently wants a career in coaching as well. By accepting PSV's contract, van Bommel will be able to complete his courses simultaneously and play with just a little bit less pressure, too. And I'm sure his family won't mind being in a more familiar environment, too. It's the perfect scenario for the Dutch captain, but not so much for us grieving Milan fans.
In fact, I actually have a hard time believing that anyone can't see through his poorly veiled image as a "hard man." He is a champion in his own right, having won league titles with 4 different clubs in 4 different leagues. While playing, he tops the stat charts for passing and completion, and there are tons of images of him with his sweet family, as well as images of winks and smiles and handshakes during and after each 90 minutes on the pitch. He is not only a champion of the highest level, but also a true gentleman.
Who will jump on Ibra's back now when he scores?
But don't tell anyone. His teddy bear center wrapped in his "hard man" image helps him on the pitch by increasing the fear in his opponents. If they can't see his soft center, then they are missing the mark. And speaking of missing Mark, I am not sure who cried more at his Milan departure, him or us. Maybe for some, it is the case of you don't know what you have until it's gone, but for those of us who knew his secret identity, we know we are losing a Milan treasure. Ciao e grazie, Mark van Bommel, your secret is safe with us.


I would like more information about 21 BREWSTER DR, Gimli Rm, MB (1624442).
The trademarks MLS®, REALTOR®, and related marks, and all copyright in the real estate listings, are owned or controlled by The Canadian Real Estate Association. Reproduced under license. Only REALTORS® are members of CREA.


There is no food available at Baie-Comeau except for some junk-food vending machines and a coffee machine. There is a room that used to be a cafeteria -- it still has tables and a microwave -- but there's nothing served there any more. Staff told me that the nearest food is in town, about 18 km away (I think).


text:
Maryland DNP Programs
DNP Programs in Maryland
DNP Programs by State
The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is a terminal nursing degree that focuses on patient care rather than research. The purpose of Maryland DNP programs is to improve the quality of patient care by enhancing nursing expertise and encouraging leadership in healthcare.
Curriculum and Degree Requirements
Some DNP programs, such as that offered by John's Hopkins University, are open only to Post-MSN applicants. Others, such as the University of Maryland and Salisbury University, offer both a Post-MSN and Post-BSN entry-point. The curriculums vary between programs. Salisbury University's curriculum for the post-master's track consists of 38 credit hours, while the post-bachelor's curriculum requires students to complete 80 credits. John's Hopkins University's curriculum for post-MSN students is comprised of 40 credit Most programs require that a 3.0 GPA is maintained throughout coursework.
Admission requirements also vary between universities, but only slightly. Students applying to Maryland DNP programs should expect to have to meet the following requirements:
3.0 Cumulative GPA (or higher)
Official Transcripts
Three Letters of Recommendation
Phone or on-campus Interview
Unencumbered RN License
Satisfactory GRE Scores
Tuition also varies between universities. The University of Maryland charges $624 per credit for residents and $1,116 for non-residents. John's Hopkins University lists the cost of tuition as $1409 per credit, though it is likely to differ for out-of-state applicants.
Salisbury University
John's Hopkins University DNP
University of Maryland DNP Program
On-Campus & Online DNP Schools
Programs: Accelerated BSN, BSN, CNA, DNP, RN, RN to BSN
620 W. Lexington St.
Programs: Accelerated MSN, BSN, BSN to DNP, DNP, EMT Paramedic, Physician Assistant, RN, RN to BSN, RN to MSN, Sonography
7403 Hopkins Avenue
Programs: Accelerated MSN, BSN, DNP, Physician Assistant, RN, RN to BSN, RN to MSN
MGH Institute for Health Professions
2200 Research Boulevard
Programs: DNP


text:
Words, Words, Words
I began to write a typical end of the year post, only because this was hardly a typical year (even discounting our family growing!) I did not much enjoy what I was writing. What I really wanted to do was just a fun post about what I've read and written and what we've done at Liberal Currents and such. I'll likely write that other, heavier post, too. Another time.
As of this writing, I have read 57 books in 2020. I'll likely finish another, Joseph Heath's The Machinery of Government, before the year is done. That book, like so many I read this year, are part of my constitutionalism project. The output of this project has been a rather openly moving target, but I have had a paper in the works for a couple of months now. The first draft is done, but I did some further research in order to tighten it up, and I have been procrastinating putting in the actual work revising it. I'm hoping to sit down and do it sometime over the holidays.
What I have ended up making this paper about, perhaps unsurprisingly given it was the motivating interest all along, is the nature of law as it is actually practiced. The paper is divided into a section fleshing out the basic framework, and then the rest of it is dedicated to the application: the Voting Rights Act, how it was passed, how it was implemented, what role the courts have played in that implementation. In my original formulation of the institutional question, I broke it down as follows:
What actors
under what circumstances
performing what actions
achieve what effects
With the follow-up question:
What the likely effect would be if no other actor made an attempt at nullification
What actions from what actors could potentially nullify the effect of the action
What actions from what actors would strengthen or complement the effect of the action
I later revised this to be:
Given a specific actor
in a specific institutional context
taking a specific action
what is the likely effect?
With the new followup:
Given a specific actor in a specific institutional context has taken a specific action,
in what institutions
can nullify the effect of that action,
and what action(s) would they have to take in order to do so?
Once I began the work of formulating this to actually use it in an analysis of the VRA, I changed it yet again, to a more sweeping set of questions:
Who are the actors?
What actions did they take, and what actions could they have taken?
What social or institutional tools were used to take these actions? What tools could have been used instead?
What intersubjective effects did their actions have, with what scope?
How much uncertainty was there about the effects of the actions at the outset?
I think the nature of the conceptual problems I'm wrestling with should be easier to see by looking at how I have changed this over time. Hopefully it will be clear for those reading the paper as well, in both the theoretical background provided and the practical application.
The circle I tend to run in is this: "a government of laws rather than of men" seems, on its face, impossible, since it is in fact men who write, enact, and adjudicate law. The caricature version of legal realism is that the law is whatever a judge in a particular case says it is, but this is precisely where things begin to unravel: why does what that judge say matters? Isn't it because we endow judges with certain authority by law?
I've wrestled with this quite a lot over the past year, and read a fair amount of books—starting around October of last year—and am happy with how far I have traveled in so short a time. There, of course, continues to be a vast amount that I do not know. I have only begun to scratch the surface of the biggest gorilla in law, the executive branch. Judges and legislatures occupy an enormous amount of the discussion about government and law, but its day to day character is determined by the permanent bureaucracy more than anything else. The success of the VRA, for example, had much to do with the character of the Civil Rights Division in the DOJ, where they had been tangling with the Jim Crow states for over a decade and across multiple Civil Rights acts before the VRA came along and gave them new weapons to use at a moment the courts were also sympathetic to their cause. But here we see where the legislature and the courts do matter, and of course ultimately it was the Roberts Court that dismantled the main instruments provided by the VRA in Shelby v Holder.
Projects of this kind are always something of an adventure; when you don't know what you don't know, it's quite hard to predict how exactly the path is going to unfold ahead of you. At the outset I did not think I would bother with the Electoral College, which seemed a relatively small concern given all the other features of our complex system of government, and given how hard it is to amend the Constitution. But I received a review copy of Alexander Keyssar's Why Do We Still Have the Electoral College? and I took it as an opportunity to read his previous work, The Right to Vote. Both are excellent, excellent books, just very high caliber scholarship and historical imagination. And I realized, to my great embarrassment, that I had not even really understood the Electoral College before I read Keyssar's new book. I thought that the least I could do for our readers was to use my review as an occasion to provide the most boiled down, nuts and bolts explanation of this possible, so that even if they do not read Keyssar's book (which they should, in fact you should read both) they would come away with a better understanding of how our system works.
I found this approach suited me, so I did it again for Alex Hertel-Fernandez's State Capture, which primarily discussed the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) but also talked about the State Policy Network (SPN) and Americans for Prosperity (AFP). Books like Keyssar's and Hertel-Fernandez's discuss all the characteristics of their subject matter from various angles, so in my review I try to bring that all together to give a single, comprehensive description. I was once again satisfied with the results, and in both cases the exercise of writing the review helped me grasp the subject matter much more strongly myself.
These nuts and bolts exercises really are the bread and butter of this project. Part of what's slowed me down with the paper is I'm attempting to describe, in nuts and bolts, something orders of magnitude more complex than what I described in those book reviews. The Electoral College, while a Rube Goldbergian nightmare, is at the end of the day a single decision procedure. ALEC is a novel but niche interest group. The story of the VRA involves the conditions under which a bill may become a statute, the specific actions taken by the DOJ lawyers, the methods by which state officials attempted to defang it, the role of suits brought by activists and state AGs, court decisions, multiple Congressional renewal fights, and so on. A nuts and bolts explanation of why the VRA succeeded in actually crushing Jim Crow where all previous attempts had utterly failed must touch on basically every aspect of the American system of government, federal and local. It's very hard!
Complaining aside, it's been tremendously rewarding. And somewhat unexpectedly, though perhaps unsurprisingly, it has helped me to think much more clearly about liberalism. The discipline of thinking through the details as carefully as I can has helped even in more theoretical matters, such as my discussion of the various distinctions that get unhelpfully lumped under the heading of "free speech." It also paid off in my investigation of how our media ecosystem performed in the first few months of the pandemic.
I spent a lot of time thinking about the role of unelected judges and judicial review in a democracy, and ended up confident enough in my views to write on the matter. I have a draft of a piece about liberal democracy as a whole, which I intend to publish after Biden is inaugurated, that further develops a thread I introduce in the piece on judges; the idea that governance is done by professionals, and that professional politician is therefore not a pejorative and we ought to better support our elected officials with large staffs and other resources to do their jobs properly. ALEC can only exist at all because state legislatures are chronically underfunded, and so it can offer staff and researchers and pre-written bills to its members.
I have read a lot of books in this project, as I mentioned. Here are some that I would recommend to anyone curious about these kinds of questions:
Both of Keyssar's books of course, but especially The Right to Vote
Also State Capture, of course
Two books by David Mayhew:
Congress: The Electoral Connection
America's Congress: Actions in the Public Sphere
Congress's Constitution
When the State Meets the Street
The Supreme Court and the American Elite
The Rise of the Conservative Legal Movement
Disjointed Pluralism
Patterns of Democracy
Give Us the Ballot
I did some comparative reading, though not as much as I'd like. Patterns of Democracy is a big survey; I also read a bit about the German and the Israeli systems. I intend to read about the French one, one of the few proportional parliamentary systems with an elected president. As far as I am concerned, this project has only just begun. I will hopefully make some progress on the paper over the next few weeks, and finish Heath's book, and press on.
A new love
When I started reading the Library of America collection of James Baldwin essays in January, I did not expect to fall in love. I had read "The White Man's Guilt" not even a year before, and it was like a lightning bolt. He unearthed something so clearly, and in such beautiful prose, which I had long felt. Rather than feeling attacked or criticized, I felt understood. It was, perhaps surprisingly, a pleasant feeling. I wanted to return to the well. I also simply wanted to read good writing. My plan was to pick up the massive tome—which includes five other previously published collections in full, such as Notes of a Native Son and The Fire Next Time, along with another few hundred pages of essays beyond that—and put it down, and pick it up again, over the course of the year.
Perhaps it was everything that happened this year. Perhaps it was simply that I fell so completely for Baldwin's writing. But as the year went on, I simply devoured the book. I finished it, and went on to novels; I read If Beale Street Could Talk, and went right on to Tell Me How Long the Train's Been Gone, and Go Tell it On the Mountain, and Giovanni's Room, and I recently finished a short story collection. I have a couple more books by him I intend to get to before I start reading about him; there's no shortage of biographies on the market at the moment.
His writing is very beautiful, but more importantly, it is very bold. He makes me feel like a terrible coward by comparison. But I feel admiration rather than envy. I feel, through the autobiographical nature of his writing (both fiction and nonfiction), that I have come to know him in a way. I ache with the desire to have a conversation with him. Since I cannot, I continue to read.
I have tried to take the craft of writing a little more seriously. When Jason suggested writing something about Mohamed Bouazizi for what would have been his birthday, I decided I would try to think about it as a piece of writing rather than as a simple analysis. While my project helped me think things through even here—Bouazizi's self-immolation led to a national democratic revolution but changed nothing about the municipal problems that drove him to his death—it was really James Baldwin who was my primary inspiration in writing the piece, even though I won't pretend it is either in a similar style or within screaming distance of his caliber.
"Discovering" Baldwin has been a real pleasure, a relief from the difficulties of this particular year.
We launched a Patreon for Liberal Currents about a month before everything went to hell. We have had quite the year as a result. I turns out that if you offer to pay people, many will come out of the woodwork to pitch you! And I'm quite pleased with the range of work we have published. Over 66 in total, so I certainly won't link to them all! Here's a sampling:
Julie Moronuki, Rape Prosecution and the Social Hierarchy. Unfortunately this one is just before we launched the Patreon but it's so good, I have to share it! I very much hope Julie will write for us again.
Matthew Downhour, Multilateralism Without Universalism: Hard Lessons from WHO During COVID-19
Really just go and read all four pieces that Bianca Gonzalez wrote for us!
Paul Crider, At the Liberal-Socialist Nexus
Mila Ghorayeb, The Limits of Standpoint Epistemology for Politics
Adrian Rutt, Lessons for the Left: Achieving Our Country Revisited
Michael Hoffman, Guido de Ruggiero and the Crisis of Liberalism
Marcus Schultz-Bergin, From Utility to Liberty: The Case of John Stuart Mill
Sharon Kuruvilla, Uyghurs: A History of Oppression
Greg Caskey, "Separate But Loyal" Or Second-Class Citizens? Timothy Grose's Negotiating Inseparability in China: The Xinjiang Class and the Dynamics of Uyghur Identity
I apologize to those who I did not mention here; there are too many good ones to choose from! I'm very excited by how well things have gone for Liberal Currents. Right now, other than our budget for authors, our chief constraint is editorial capacity. While we're now a paying publication, our editorial side is still an entirely volunteer effort. This was a particularly difficult year for all of us to find the time for it. I want to give a special shout out to Adrian Rutt who did a tremendous amount of editing this year. Without him, Paul, and Jason, Liberal Currents would simply not be possible. I'm grateful to them all.
If you like anything I've linked to above I hope you'll consider supporting us yourself! Or, if you are a writer, reaching out to pitch us a piece! You can do so at writers at liberalcurrents dot com.
It wasn't all political science and James Baldwin and liberalism for me this year, reading wise. Martha Wells kindly saw fit to publish the first full novel (as opposed to novella) in her Murderbot Diaries series this year, and I ate it up. If you have not read this series, please get yourself a copy of All Systems Red yesterday; it is a delight to read. I've pre-ordered the next book in the series, but missed Wells' storytelling so much that I went and read all of an earlier, fantasy series of hers, which consumed me for a while. Wells has such a skill for surprising you with an incredibly imaginative world that is slowly revealed through the lens of very enjoyable characters.
I also read Alex White's Salvagers series and enjoyed it tremendously. A really rollicking fun ride. I listened to White's podcast novel, The Gearheart, back when I listened to podcast novels. His writing has improved by leaps and bounds since then, but I can see how he got here from there. I stumbled upon Every Mountain Made Low shortly after, and enjoyed it as well; it appears to be a one-shot but that's fine, not everything has to be a series.
I read Arkady Markine's A Memory Called Empire and immediately pre-ordered to next book. One of many things I enjoyed about this book is that the space empire is a decadent poetry and literature obsessed civilization, rather than an ice cold, progressive technocracy. More historically accurate!
At the prompting of friends, I started Ken Liu's Dandelion Dynasty with the first book, The Grace of Kings. It's quite a tour de force. A very sophisticated book with a lot of attractive characters, cut more closely from history than I had realized while reading it. I plan to read the next one after Baldwin's Another Country.
That's more or less what I wanted to talk about in this post. There's a lot I decided I did not want to talk about, as I mentioned.
Next time, perhaps.
As I wrote this, my wife informed me that the mother and brother of a close friends of hers, a nurse and a resident doctor respectively, have received the vaccine. The end of the year is upon, and maybe the end of the pandemic is closer than I feel, at this moment, it possibly can be.
But I'll leave it at that, for now.
Posted on December 22, 2020 December 23, 2020 Categories contitutionalism, reflectionsLeave a comment on Words, Words, Words
Applying the Foundation
It's been almost four months since my last project update.
I use these updates to think out loud, to act as a sort of public record mainly for myself, as well as to solicit advice and gauge interest. From the start I've said that the primary goal of this project was "to build a basic foundation" of knowledge that could be applied opportunistically to a variety of different things, so zigs and zags were part of the plan from the get go. Still I feel a bit embarrassed reading my previous update and seeing that the paper I've worked on bears very little resemblance to the planned paper described there.
On the other hand, I do have a viable draft of a paper which applies what I have learned. It's rough, but just getting a first draft is always the hardest part.
Last week in particular ended up being very productive on the writing front. I wrapped up the first draft of the aforementioned paper, and I also knocked out a piece for Liberal Currents.
I have had a laundry list of structural reforms I think are a good idea for months now. I've tinkered with it along the way but I more or less have a package, as alluded to in my last update. The problem is that turning this into a written piece that is anything but polisci daydreaming verging on utopianism (Sam Hammond described the precise genre of writing as being "very LARPy"). The more I read, the more I also feel that the specific reforms aren't the most important thing. There's systemic effects I want to aim for, but the potential range of reforms that could pull it off is vast. In the American case, operating under the assumption that the Senate is impossible to abolish (because it would require unanimous ratification from the states) and Americans are too wedded to their history to consider anything but a presidential system, I would want:
The House of Representatives to have primacy over the president, the Senate, and the courts, but also to have institutional competence at writing good law.
The Senate to serve purely as a quality filter against bills coming out of the House responding to very short term political calculations, but a filter that the House could unilaterally override with enough support.
The President is elected by truly majoritarian means (no Electoral College) but is also more or less removed from the legislative process, and the House has accountability mechanisms with real teeth.
The Courts are independent but when their decisions run strongly counter to the elected branches, Congress has the energy and competence to simply update statutes (in response to court interpretations of statutes) or the Constitution (in the case of judicial review).
This last one I struggled with a great deal. In many ways the original motivating questions that instigated this project centered around what, exactly, the role of the judiciary should be, as well as constitutional law in general. When one takes seriously the sheer sloppiness and inconsistency of human institutions—before one even begins to add bad faith and cynical actions into the mix—it becomes easy to question the very idea of rule of law. I did not want to shrink from asking hard questions about rule of law, but also worried about the consequences of throwing out the idea entirely, if that's where I ended up after further inquiry.
Both the paper and the article address this gnawing dread of mine, in I think a productive way.
The paper is one part theory and one part application. The theory is the one thing that has remained fairly consistent, though I keep refining it bit by bit, and the paper is by far the best version yet. The questions, which I have formulated in a couple of different ways, are now:
I also flesh out three theoretical types of actors; with the stand-up comedian and the judge standing at opposite ends of a spectrum of institutionalized action, and the entrepreneur taking elements of both to become a distinct type of its own.
All of that was quite easy to write at this point, though I scrutinized it quite closely and invited (and received) criticism of it which helped substantially. But my original application section was a non-starter. I wanted to apply it to Congress as an institution; fleshing out its operation, showing how certain types of congressional action fall into one of the three types of actors I formulated, and so forth. Then moving forward to a discussion of reform. I attempted this section many times but ultimately threw it out.
Instead, I returned to law. I decided to look at law as it operates in practice, but not through one institution but across the (small-c) constitutional system. I picked the Voting Rights Act, because it is a subject of particular fascination for me. James Baldwin expressed skepticism about the success of the Johnson Administration's civil rights statutes because, as he put it, there was a whole amendment (the 15th) already. What difference could a statute make? This was mere months before VRA passed. It's a good question!
So the application section of my paper begins with the 15th amendment and a brief history of its enforcement or lack thereof. I dive into some of the conditions that made VRA possible, as well as some of the individuals who had an outsized influence on creating those conditions. Throughout I walk through the institutional mechanics of how these things are passed and how enforcement is empowered and used.
As I said, the draft is rough. I need to tighten the application section more, and stitch the theoretical framework in more seamlessly throughout. But I'm quite pleased with where I am.
The Liberal Currents article is ostensibly about the judiciary but is really about the role of independent institutions within a democratic order, and more indirectly about the role of democratic mechanisms in the first place. Coming out against elected judges, for judicial review, and for an easier amendment process so that the elected branches can respond to judicial decisions by simply updating legal (including constitutional) texts, is not all that conceptually pathbreaking. That last one is perhaps novel to many, as it was to me when Adam Rust first put it to me that way on statutory law. But what really focused it for me was something that appears a bit secondary in the piece:
In terms of elected officials, then, our goal should be to foster strong formal party organizations made up of professional politicians who seek to enact good laws and govern well. "Good" and "well" are not neutral, technocratic terms, but—whatever the specific values and visions inform them—they do require administrative and technocratic competence to execute. Professional politicians do not have those competences personally, and we should not fool ourselves into thinking otherwise, but they can have access to those competences in the form of well-resourced staff for their office, committees, and branch—like the old Office of Technology Assessment in Congress. Yet even if the typical professional politician lacks the administrative and technocratic competence to execute good laws and govern well, this is even more the case for the typical voter, who has no staff at all. This is why ballot initiatives and similar tools are a bad idea, and the legislative and constitutional history of states like California testifies to this fact.
The role of professional politicians is to be the point of accountability for citizens. They do not need to be mirrors for the preferences of citizens; indeed I would argue they should not be, and that selling good ideas to a potentially skeptical public is an important duty. But under a regime of effectively universal enfranchisement—that is, universal enfranchisement without voter suppression tactics—elections exist to ensure that professional politicians must take the interests and values of citizens into account. If this electoral mechanism is somehow weakened, as in the case of the six year Senator terms, or the franchise is restricted, then segments of the population will be left with few tools to stop the government from steamrolling their interests and their values.
There's a tension between lifetime appointed judges and democratically elected representatives, on the one hand, but also between democratically elected representatives and directly democratic ballot initiatives, on the other. I want to weaken the formal power of the first, empower the second, and do away with the third entirely. But from the standpoint of either independence or democracy that seems a tall order. Isn't this a case where one need to pick one or the other in some sense?
I don't think so. I think that elections are an accountability mechanism, not a governance tool. To govern well, we need professional politicians with large, well paid staffs who can expect to have a career providing their expertise to politicians from within the institutions those politicians are elected to. Politicians are not subject matter experts on everything governance must touch upon; most are not subject matter experts in any of them. Their main skill is coalition building, both among the electorate and among other professional politicians.
The average voter is neither a subject matter expert nor do they have access to well paid staffs that are. They should not, therefore, be writing statutes or (heaven forbid, as in the California case) constitutional amendments, nor choosing them directly. They should have the means to punish politicians that allow the government (the machinery of which extends tremendously beyond those operated directly by politicians) to steamroll their interests and their values, and to reward those who they feel have properly looked after them. It's up to politicians, and their staff, to square the value pluralism of the electorate with good governance and good law.
There's a nascent theory of when to be more or less independent of electoral mechanisms in the piece, but of course there's only so much ground I can cover in ~1800 words. Nevertheless, between the paper and the piece, I'm feeling much more comfortable with my sense of what rule of law means in practice, and what job it is we ought to be expecting judges to do.
On the horizon is a review of Reorganizing Government, a phenomenal book that was practically designed for a project like mine. I am also in the middle of State Capture, which I intend to review as well. The latter covers the mechanics of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) in some detail, something I had been looking for as a good angle on interest group politics in practice. After State Capture I will move on to Joseph Heath's new book on the place of the administrative state within a liberal democracy.
Right now I'm becoming increasingly comfortable applying the foundation of knowledge I have built to pieces with fairly focused topics, as I continue to invest in that foundation further. The biggest failure mode I encounter in writing is when I attempt to go off into laundry-list ("LARPy") wonk land. It is much better to get at the heart of the matter and discuss a few good options rather than attempt to cover everything, and in doing so, convey nothing. What pleased me about the recent Liberal Currents article is that I managed to gesture at a number of things (like proportional voting) but keep it in the realm of passing comments without getting bogged down. This is the line I will need to get better at walking.
That's all I've got for now. I hope you all are surviving 2020 as well as you can.
Posted on September 27, 2020 September 28, 2020 Categories contitutionalismLeave a comment on Applying the Foundation
Craft, Community, and Healthy Ambition
I wrote for The Umlaut for a little less than two years, January 2013 – October 2014. My perspective on many of the topics I wrote about then has changed so much that I rarely revisit any of the posts there. One that I do find myself going back to again and again is a May 2013 piece called The Option Value of Satisfying Work. The argument of that piece is straightforward: you will almost never be able to do what you love in order to support yourself financially. So do what you love because you love it, and put it online so that there is a chance, however small, that your work will be discovered.
[T]he perfect balance is committing to only those crafts that you can perform with satisfaction even if you have to do so in utter obscurity. Then, put your work out in public as part of the process itself — if you're making homebrew beer or an Arduino hack, make a video or write about the process as a means to think harder about the details of it. If you're a writer, think of putting it online as simply having the work backed up in one more place.
In this way, you open yourself up to the spectrum of possibilities, ranging from utter obscurity at one end to global fame at the other. Far more likely is something closer to the obscurity end but much more satisfying — that you will draw the attention of a relative few who share your interests.
The last remark about drawing the attention of other enthusiasts was parenthetical, an aside. But I've come to think that it is the point.
Romantic notions of the lone artistic genius aside, it is hard to become good at something and harder still to find satisfaction in it without a community. But if you fix your gaze upon the Prize, the slim chance that this craft will turn into your livelihood (or the much slimmer chance that it will bring you fame or fortune), satisfaction and community are likely to elude you. Odds are, you will also miss your chance to develop skills of the first rate.
Community is not simply a nice word for mutual exploitation. A friend who you associate with primarily because they are useful to you is no friend at all; or rather, you are no friend to them, and your friendship is a sham.
And yet, there is no shame in being ambitious. There is no shame in wanting good work to be acknowledged. It is not healthy to obsess over what is not likely to come to pass, but it isn't bad to wish there was a way to make your living doing what you love.
Over the years, I've connected with many young people who yearn to be successful public intellectuals in some capacity. I see it as my role in that situation to disenchant them, to make the odds of achieving such a station clear. But disenchanting does not mean discouraging. A chapter of my long-abandoned book encouraged people to be imaginative when considering their options but clear-eyed about the trade-offs; are you willing to make some serious sacrifices in order to make a real go at the career you want? Or does it make more sense to assume you will never get that career, and try to get jobs which leave you with enough freedom the rest of the time to do what you love?
But on the whole, the healthiest expression of ambition is internal to a community. To work to make friends and find peers who you are not afraid to make mistakes in front of, but whose respect and praise you value. To strive to become skilled enough at the craft you love to earn their respect, and continue earning it with each new creation. To be able to keep on growing, rather than hitting a comfortable plateau and staying there. Such growth is not possible in the first place without finding a community of this kind.
I love to write. I have always loved to write. For a long time, writing was the point, the main thing in itself. That is part of why engaging in the craft itself is the main focus of that Umlaut post from seven years ago.
After The Umlaut began to wind down, as such communities do, some friends and I launched a little group blog called Sweet Talk. The first post was in May of 2014. It lasted a little longer than The Umlaut, winding down at the end of 2016 (with some dribs and drabs being posted thereafter). Sweet Talk was loads of fun, and many of my dearest friends that I have today I first connected with during that time. I operated it on a fairly promiscuous basis; I invited people to write for us and if they said yes, I gave them carte blanche to post whatever they wanted whenever they wanted. It worked remarkably well for a remarkably long time, until, predictably, it did not.
Liberal Currents, launched in March of 2017 and still ongoing (as it will continue to be for the foreseeable future, thank you very much!) is an actual publication. We greenlight articles on a submission-by-submission basis; no one has an open invitation to publish whatever they want whenever they want. In theory I do, but in practice I never publish anything that our editors have serious reservations about, at least without a frank conversation and revisions.
Somewhere along the way, my writing has become a secondary priority to community-building. I learned some hard lessons from Sweet Talk, but I also wouldn't change a thing about that experience. I'm also rather older now than when I began. The thing I enjoy most about Liberal Currents is the chance it provides to engage in a bit of mentorship; to be a voice that young writers will listen to and to help promote their work. Getting published by us also means access to our Discord, where several dozen writers and patrons can be found in conversation every day.
There's a certain irony to all this, too, because I have never taken the quality of my writing more seriously than I do now. At The Umlaut I would run with half-baked ideas and see where they led me, usually applying something from cognitive science or a Nassim Taleb book or some other mediocre foundation. At Sweet Talk I was really engaging in a process of public learning; I don't regret it, and in fact gained a great deal from it, but most of the 200 or so posts I wrote there are not worth much beyond the exercise of writing them. Towards the end I began to take each individual piece of writing more seriously. While I'm not proud of every one of the 34 articles and essays I have written at Liberal Currents, I have worked quite hard on each of them. To take a recent example, I read hundreds of articles and constructed a timeline of events in order to write my evaluation of the media ecosystem's performance during the early months of the COVID-19 outbreak. Less concretely, I tried very hard to make my article on Mohamed Bouazizi good from a writing perspective. I am proud of the result but I leave it to the reader to determine if that pride is merited.
But I do not think it is coincidental that I have worked harder at the quality of what I write even as community has become a larger priority. When you are out there writing on your own, it is very easy to become solipsistic and, to put it bluntly, blow smoke up your own ass. The first draft of my article on the media ecosystem was a hit piece on the conservative media's response. But as I wrote it, I anticipated the criticisms of several people I respect who I know were likely to comment on it. And so I dug deeper and tried to provide more evidence. Only it became clear that my whole argument was simply wrong. So I threw out that draft and started performing a more serious survey of coverage across a lot of different outlets.
One of those people whose response I anticipated, Adam Elkus, once said that whether or not you are capable of becoming a lifelong learner, on the one hand, or stagnate and even see your horizons shrink, on the other, has everything to do with your friendships and your community. I still cultivate the "option value" of my work, leaving open the possibility of really taking off. But I spend much more time cultivating my community, and the rewards have been immeasurable.
Posted on September 6, 2020 September 6, 2020 Categories reflectionsLeave a comment on Craft, Community, and Healthy Ambition
Project Gameplan Update
Tomorrow I "go" back to work after six weeks of parental leave. I was, of course, tremendously lucky to have that, not to mention to have a job, and one that I can do from my apartment. Every few days in the nearly three months since the COVID-19 outbreak began in earnest in this country has felt like an eternity. And just when it seemed that things were settling down, at least temporarily, massive protests have been sparked by yet another police murder of a black man. Even here it feels as though the situation has moved at an insane pace; the narrative that appeared to be gelling a few days ago has been completely obliterated as protesters have gained such wide acceptance that even Mitch McConnell felt the need to chime in about the righteousness of their underlying outrage. When Mitt Romney is joining the protests and saying Black Lives Matter, some sort of corner has been turned.
Strange times indeed.
I want to thank everyone who responded to my last update with helpful advice or offers to introduce me to people. I think I have settled upon a plan of attack based on the conversations that came out of that.
The total package that I want to describe is too long, too detailed, and—I have no illusions about this—too unlikely for publications to take much interest in. So I'm going with a two-pronged approach.
I'm going to write a comprehensive paper that covers:
All of the reforms that I believe we should make
The framework in which to understand and evaluate them
Pragmatic considerations; why it's useful to be ambitious thinking about what can be accomplished, which specific reforms should be prioritized in real world negotiations
Right now I plan to simply write it and put it up on SSRN, waiting until after it's done to try and find a home for it. But if anyone knows of journals or think tanks that might be interested in publishing something like that, by all means clue me in!
In the meantime I will also pitch articles that focus on one or two of the reforms at a time, in a way that I don't think is counterproductive. The biggest reason I want to treat the reforms as a package is that I firmly believe that to make a single change effective, one has to make other changes that effectively anticipate what the counter-response or undesired consequences of the initial change will be. In short, you want to have the right balance of changes. But I do think that some things, like party list proportional voting, can be pushed for with relatively minor additions and still be big net improvements. And publications are much more likely to go for those kinds of pieces than comprehensive constitutional reform packages.
Writing up the paper should also help in this regard. Since I want to discuss compromise solutions within it, those compromises themselves can become the basis of pieces for general audiences. The existence of the paper and, ideally, its publication, will also hopefully increase the chances of being able to speak more comprehensively to broader audiences.
That's where things are right now! I will likely make fewer of these updates now that work is starting up again. As usual, thank you all for your interest and your support.
Posted on June 8, 2020 Categories contitutionalismLeave a comment on Project Gameplan Update
Freelancers and Staff Writers: I Need Your Advice
Things have gelled rather quickly since my last update. The form of the piece I want to write about institutional reform has taken a more definite shape in my mind; I have added four books to my list that I think I need in order to get the details down but am confident I can write what I want once I go through those (and probably sooner).
So I'm asking for help from those of you who know what you are doing: freelancers and writers of all sorts who have pitched pieces to big publications.
My goals are a little different from yours; I'm not trying to make a living off of this, at least not right now. If I could place this piece in The Atlantic without compensation, I would in a heartbeat. I want reach and prestige, in that order.
To that end, I have two questions for you:
Where should I pitch this piece? The basic selling point is "We need systematic institutional change, here's what it should be and how we should get it done." It will be a lengthy piece that goes through some fine institutional details as well as political strategy. As mentioned, The Atlantic is probably the ideal but I'd love to hear about other options.
How should I go about this? Emailing the generic pitch alias at a publication seems…like an almost guaranteed way to never hear from them. I've tried looking into which editors are subject-matter appropriate for a given pitch, but my toolset is fairly limited there.
Any tips are greatly appreciated!
Posted on May 25, 2020 Categories UncategorizedLeave a comment on Freelancers and Staff Writers: I Need Your Advice


Regional stability involves more than the Israelis and Palestinians.
Four-and-a-half years after the invasion of Iraq, President Bush has launched another, equally high-stakes, gamble in the Middle East. This time, it is a gamble for peace, the one he started at the Nov. 27 conference in Annapolis, Md.
If it succeeds, it could do much to restore calm and hope to a region long cloaked in turmoil and dread. (It could also help salvage Mr. Bush's longer-term legacy.) But what if it fails?
Bush should understand that success in the post-Annapolis peacemaking effort requires a lot more commitment and vision than he and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice have shown to date. Specifically, it requires much stronger direct involvement from the president himself and resurrection of the fine, old vision of an Israel at peace with all of its neighbors.
Imagine that! Israel and its five Arab neighbors would no longer need to live in mutual fear. They could freely visit religious and tourist sites in one another's countries, do business together, and become part of a vibrant network of regional growth. Interlacing rail and road networks would embrace the whole Eastern Mediterranean landmass. Jerusalem would draw pilgrims of the three Abrahamic faiths – from all around the world – and become a center for multicultural interaction and innovation.
1. Among Israelis, Palestinians, and other Arabs, there is still considerable disillusionment with the failure of past US-led peace efforts and distrust of this US administration, which largely ignored peacemaking for its first six years. Bush and Rice need to overcome these sentiments and re-energize the large peace constituencies still present, though latent, in the region. Defining a far-reaching vision of regionwide peace, describing its benefits at every opportunity, and – most important – working visibly and effectively toward it are essential for that.
2. Most Israelis say they crave recognition and normal relations with the Arab world. The Arab Peace Plan of 2002 offers them that – but only as and when Israel makes a withdrawal-based peace with all its neighbors, including Syria and Lebanon. Only in that context will the much-needed regional integration proceed.
3. If the Palestinian-Israeli peace is to work, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas needs support for it from a strong majority of Palestinians. If Syria is brought aboard the peace train, it can help him win that support. If it is not, he never will. Syria's participation is also essential if Lebanon is to be part of the final peace.
Did I mention this is a huge gamble? Of course it is! But it is one that can be won. Inside the region, there is disillusionment and distrust – but there is also war-weariness, a strong desire for normal life and livelihoods, and a recognition that all sides need to make concessions to win that.
On the Palestinian side, Hamas may look like a deal-busting force. But its leaders have said in the past they would let Mr. Abbas negotiate for all Palestinians, and so far, their opposition to Annapolis has been much more through large peaceful marches than (as in the 1990s) through violence. That is good news, and should be built on.
It is true, too, that the situations in Iraq and Iran strongly affect the countries along the Israeli-Arab seam. But that is a two-way street. A working, comprehensive Israeli-Arab peace will make dealing constructively with Iraq and Iran much easier in the future.
Meanwhile, in the world outside the Middle East, support for a final, complete Israeli-Arab peace is already very strong. All major world powers today have large stakes in the region. They need the peacemaking to succeed. If Bush's current peace gamble fails, that will seriously dent America's power and standing around the whole world.
At and since Annapolis, Abbas and Israeli premier Ehud Olmert have shown their willingness to reframe long-contentious issues in a way designed to build the constituencies for peace. Syria and other Arab states have shown their readiness for serious engagement.
And Bush? He took one good step at Annapolis by laying new stress on the need for a final-status peace, not simply further interim measures. But now, he needs to extend that vision to all of Israel's neighbors, not just the Palestinians, and to clearly articulate America's own compelling interest in this peace.
The stakes could not be higher. The world watches, and hopes.
Helena Cobban is a Friend in Washington with the Friends Committee on National Legislation. Her views are her own.


text:
Q: How do I use FSI for F# 4 in my visual studio code? The terminal in my Visual Studio keeps saying
F# Interactive for F# 3.1 (Open Source Edition)
How do I tell visual studio to use FSI for F# 4 ?
PS: Visual studio code and all extensions are already updated.
PPS: I am using mac

A: The Terminal within VSC is using your default shell, and thus will pickup the same path and thus fsharpi will be the same as if you ran it via Terminal.app or iTerm2.app.
If you have latest Mono version installed, it will place a fsharpi shell script in:
>which fsharpi
/usr/local/bin/fsharpi

Which in turn uses mono to execute in the fsi.exe CIL-assembly from:
/Library/Frameworks/Mono.framework/Versions/4.6.0/lib/mono/4.5

Mono version 4.6.0 currently installs F# Interactive for F# 4.1
Grab the latest OS-X Mono version here.
Run:
cat `which fsharpi`

Mine returns:
#!/bin/sh
EXEC="exec "

if test x"$1" = x--debug; then
   DEBUG=--debug
   shift
fi

if test x"$1" = x--gdb; then
   shift
   EXEC="gdb --eval-command=run --args "
fi

if test x"$1" = x--valgrind; then
  shift
  EXEC="valgrind $VALGRIND_OPTIONS"
fi

# Beware this line must match the regular expression " (\/.*)\/fsi\.exe" when fsi.exe is fsi.exe.
# That's because the FSharp MonoDevelop addin looks inside the text of this script to determine the installation
# location of the default FSharp install in order to find the FSharp compiler binaries (see
# fsharpbinding/MonoDevelop.FSharpBinding/Services/CompilerLocationUtils.fs). That's a pretty unfortunate
# way of finding those binaries. And really should be changed.
$EXEC /Library/Frameworks/Mono.framework/Versions/4.6.0/bin/mono $DEBUG $MONO_OPTIONS /Library/Frameworks/Mono.framework/Versions/4.6.0/lib/mono/4.5/fsi.exe --exename:$(basename "$0") "$@"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: how do I access to an element of a GeoJSON array I'm looking to access to every properties of my geoJson.
For example, how do I  access to geoJson.features.properties.messagePerso?
I want to be able with something like innerHTML to display the messagePerso in div and to go from one to another with a button.
var geojson = {

"features": [
    {
        "type": "Feature",
        "properties": {
            "message": " url(img/1.jpg) 50% 50%",
            "messagePerso": " croisement des canaux sambre/bxl-charleroi",
            "iconSize": [20,20]
        },
        "geometry": {
            "type": "Point",
            "coordinates": [
              4.427333,50.413140
            ]
        }
    },
    {
        "type": "Feature",
        "properties": {
            "message":" url(img/13.jpg) 50% 50%",
             "messagePerso": "Saint théodore Est/ Vue sur carsid désafecté",
            "iconSize": [20,20]
        },
        "geometry": {
            "type": "Point",
            "coordinates": [
        4.418988,50.417823
            ]
        }
    }

For now I used the json files to create some dots on my map and use them as buttons to display some elements of the json files with something like
id.innerHTML = marker.properties.message;

But how to make a single button that display the next marker.properties.message?
geojson.features.forEach(function(marker) {

var el = document.createElement('div');
el.className = 'marker';
var yoo = $('.marker').length;

 $('.marker').each( function(i){
 $(this).attr('id','marker'+(i))
 });
el.style.width ='15px';
el.style.height = '15px';

el.style.opacity =0;

el.addEventListener('click', function() {
 numlegende2.innerHTML = marker.properties.message;
 map.flyTo({center:marker.geometry.coordinates});
});
  });