text:
Web radio o radio on line è il termine che designa emittenti radiofoniche che trasmettono in forma digitale il proprio palinsesto attraverso Internet, sulla rete telematica, risultando accessibili con qualsiasi strumento in grado di accedere in rete.

In alcuni casi si tratta di radio tradizionali, ricevibili via etere in modulazione di frequenza, che ampliano il proprio raggio di ascolto ripetendo le trasmissioni in linea; in altri casi si tratta di emittenti, amatoriali o meno, che mettono a disposizione i propri programmi esclusivamente per una fruizione su Internet.

L'audio delle trasmissioni viene inviato sotto forma di flusso dati audio compresso che viene definito stream e che deve essere decodificato sul computer ricevente da un'apposita applicazione, solitamente un lettore multimediale.

Storia
Web radio, in senso più ristretto del termine, sono definite per convenzione tutte le radio che trasmettono unicamente per il web un programma in streaming (il metodo di trasmissione di file audiovisivi in tempo reale su Internet). Gli utenti possono direttamente fruire online dei file senza previo scaricamento su computer personale. Si simula, pertanto, in tal modo la trasmissione di programmi radiofonici e televisivi.

Il primo formato audio che ha reso possibile ciò è stato RealAudio, realizzato da Rob Glaser nell'aprile del 1995, subito seguito dalla piattaforma Microsoft Media Services.

Su internet i siti possono essere aperti e chiusi con estrema facilità e non è perciò possibile tenere una statistica: il Massachusetts Institute of Technology, nel 2002, calcolò  web radio stabilmente funzionanti sul web, ma ora si stima che si siano moltiplicate.

Dall'epoca dell'introduzione delle Web radio 1995 all'epoca attuale il quadro legale è molto mutato. Da un lato c'è stata la focalizzazione delle tematiche dei diritti d'autore, specialmente in campo musicale, vedi Napster ma correlativamente anche il copyleft, dall'altro l'introduzione degli MP3 e l'enorme sviluppo di Internet.

Solitamente il carattere di massima economicità nella realizzazione di una web radio può permettere, a chi la pensa e la realizza, di fornire una programmazione altamente specializzata per un pubblico di estrema nicchia. L'esempio italiano è Musicazione, radio on-line interamente dedicata alla musica alternativa ed al Rock Identitario, nata nel 1998 su ispirazione di una web radio scandinava dedicata al Viking Rock, la quale trasmetteva esclusivamente canzoni in svedese e che contava già nel 1997 ben oltre  visite.
Per spiegare un fenomeno del genere occorre accettare il fenomeno che caratterizza la rete internet: la glocalizzazione (crasi di globalizzazione e di locale).

Trasmissione e diffusione
La trasmissione radiofonica via Internet è il modo più semplice per diffondere un proprio programma: bastano pochi clic per ascoltare una radio sul web, ma soprattutto ne bastano pochissimi per crearne una propria.
La radio via Web ha notevoli vantaggi: arriva in ogni angolo del mondo con una spesa irrisoria, è semplice da realizzare e gestire.

Web radio e il mercato globale

Per glocalizzazione si intende l'unione di globale e locale: è un termine figlio della net-economy usato nell'e-business per descrivere la capacità delle aziende che competono su internet di restare fortemente radicate nella realtà locale, pur essendo capaci di affrontare con successo il mercato globale.
Una delle caratteristiche delle comunità virtuali del web è quello di essere globali, ovvero essere lontane geograficamente ma vicine come luogo di interessi, il tutto rapportato ad una web radio si traduce in una globalizzazione del luogo di fruibilità della radio (ovvero un computer connesso al web in una qualunque parte dell'Italia o del mondo) e una forte localizzazione dell'ascoltatore.
Tecnicamente, la musica viene trasmessa da un server (paragonabile in questo caso ad un ripetitore terrestre), con possibilità di trasmissioni dal vivo o in differita.

La web radio americana, Live365 (per esempio), ha rappresentato l'estremizzazione di tale concetto fornendo a chiunque la possibilità di trasmettere, con una propria stazione individuale. Anche se per paradosso, il titolare della radio ne è anche l'unico utente.

RIAA e la crociata contro la pirateria
Molto probabilmente per questo motivo, nel 2001, i discografici americani, rappresentati dal RIAA (l'equivalente americana dell'italiana S.C.F.), che da tempo perseguivano il file sharing o meglio, il sistema di scambio-file come ad esempio Napster, imposero a tutte le web-radio il pagamento di royalties per la musica da loro trasmessa. Il RIAA, nella sua nuova crociata, poteva contare sull'appoggio dell'Ufficio americano del copyright che emise un parere formale secondo cui le emittenti web non sono esenti dal pagamento dei diritti d'autore quando trasmettono musica via Internet.

Altri preziosi alleati per la RIAA, in questa battaglia, furono le net-company che aspettavano di poter far decollare i propri business su Internet non appena fosse cessata la distribuzione o lo scambio di musica on-line, che ancora oggi avviene in modo per lo più illegale o incontrollato.
Ovvio che per le Web Radio americane dell'epoca si trattò di un duro colpo, ma la storia certamente non si fermò in quel quasi lontano 2001, anzi, quasi come le nostre emittenti libere degli anni settanta, anche negli Stati Uniti si assistette ad un dimezzamento delle emittenti. In ogni caso, nel 2003, a Londra, venne stipulato un nuovo accordo che prevedeva una licenza unica per poter trasmettere musica in streaming. L'accordo, si pensava, ponesse fine ad anni di incertezze riguardo allo status giuridico delle radio internet e avrebbe dovuto rendere più trasparenti i rapporti tra queste ultime e i detentori dei diritti di proprietà intellettuale.

Fino al 2005, le web radio pagavano all'associazione una somma per ogni canzone trasmessa oppure un forfait in base ai brani trasmessi finora moltiplicato per il numero di utenti. Le radio prive di pubblicità e che trasmettevano senza scopo di lucro, pagavano tra i  e i  dollari all'anno.

Con la riforma del 2007, tutti gli operatori dovranno pagare per ogni canzone in base al numero di utenti che la scaricano in streaming, da un minimo di 0,0008 dollari nel 2007 ad un massimo di 0,0019 dollari nel 2010 per ogni scaricamento di canzone/utente.

La decisione alza molto i costi del copyright e penalizza in primo luogo le emittenti prive di pubblicità, che fornivano un servizio migliore e senza interruzioni, paragonandole alle radio commerciali.

Il nuovo mercato legale
I discografici, che vollero l'accordo con RIAA, hanno sottolineato come le attività di web casting rappresentino un settore economico emergente che contribuisca allo sviluppo del business sul nuovo medium. «Questa - dichiarava a proposito della licenza unica Jay Berman, presidente e amministratore delegato dell'associazione internazionale del settore IFPI – è un'altra pietra miliare nello sviluppo dei servizi di musica su internet. Nel passato, ottenere licenze per la trasmissione multiterritoriale su Internet, per esempio in Europa, era difficile e richiedeva molto tempo. Era inoltre importante, per le società di collecting nazionali, strutturare un sistema che rimuovesse questi ostacoli».

Tutto questo, naturalmente, entusiasmava i discografici da lungo tempo a caccia di nuovi modelli di business che potessero rivelarsi vincenti nell'era digitale, un'era che ha fin qui visto crescere in modo straordinario la condivisione, senza controllo, di musica e altri contenuti tra milioni di utenti internet e, solo negli ultimi tempi, un mercato legale dello scaricamento e dello streaming.
Da questo si può iniziare a intuire e perché no, anche sospettare, che la licenza unica sia stata voluta anche per trovare rimedio allo scaricamento illegale da parte di utenti sconosciuti nei confronti dei discografici e di conseguenza la web radio è stata presa di mira come buon mezzo per rimediare a danni causati da terzi, e non certo dagli editori del web la cui unica colpa è stata quella di avere una passione infinita per il mezzo di comunicazione «radio» e le nuove tecnologie.

I vantaggi

Economicità e copertura
Per creare una web radio basta avere a disposizione un buon computer, una normale scheda audio, qualche centinaio di file MP3, scaricare e installare il poco software necessario gratuitamente reperibile, dotarsi di un microfono e una cuffietta. Il tutto in pochissimo tempo e praticamente senza nessuna spesa.
Per le radio già affermate, ovviamente, l'on-line rappresenta un buon canale per la diffusione dei programmi da affiancare all'etere.

Uno dei sistemi di diffusione dello streaming più diffusi ed economici è SHOUTcast.

A prima vista i due mezzi si presentano con delle caratteristiche per certi versi antitetiche.
La differenza fondamentale riguarda in primo luogo il grado di copertura dell'utenza, cioè il numero di utilizzatori e fruitori, indubbiamente (almeno in questa fase) molto maggiore per la radio tradizionale. Ma questo, fortunatamente, vale solo su scala geograficamente limitata. Estendendo il discorso su scala planetaria, la presenza in rete assicura un allargamento della possibile fascia d'utenza che, teoricamente, si estende a tutto il mondo connesso. Così, un programma radiofonico in lingua italiana, grazie ad Internet, può facilmente riuscire a superare i limiti geografici ed essere ascoltato (con i soliti limiti della comprensione della lingua) da utenti sparsi praticamente in tutto il mondo.

Media e Internet
Mentre i media generalisti, come radio e televisione, non possono individualizzare i contenuti, le nuove tecnologie della comunicazione, come Internet, consentono la costruzione di palinsesti a misura di utente e soprattutto campagne pubblicitarie selezionate e ben definite per lanci di prodotti mirati a target ben specifici.

Le web radio in Italia
Le web radio appaiono in Italia nel 1997. La richiesta di un riconoscimento legale è stata respinta a lungo. In virtù dell'Accordo di Londra del 2003 (vedi sopra) anche le web radio italiane possono trasmettere musica coperta da diritto d'autore, con la tecnologia streaming. Il ministero delle comunicazioni non riconosce ufficialmente l'esistenza delle web radio, preferendo attendere una normativa europea che disciplini la materia. Da rilevamenti effettuati nel 2013 risulta che in Italia vi siano oltre 200 emittenti attive, con un pubblico variante tra gli  e i  ascoltatori (ad esclusione delle web radio delle emittenti più conosciute in FM).

La Società Italiana degli Autori ed Editori (SIAE) regolamenta le web radio che intendano utilizzare opere da essa tutelate, tramite la stipula di un contratto chiamato in gergo «modulo AWR». Tale modulo suddivide le web radio in amatoriali, istituzionali e commerciali, imponendo alle prime e alle seconde di non avere pubblicità di nessun tipo, dove per nessun tipo si intende né remunerativa, né gratuita, né nel flusso audio, né sul sito che ospita la web radio.
I vincoli imposti dalla SIAE, a prescindere dalla filosofia che muove i broadcaster, sono considerati pesanti da quasi la totalità di questi ultimi. La SIAE prevede, poi, speciali forme di abbonamento per gli esercizi commerciali che diffondono musica di sottofondo

La Società Consortile Fonografici, che riunisce le case discografiche, regolamenta le web radio in modo sostanzialmente simile alla SIAE. È recente la modifica al contratto per le web radio amatoriali, che annulla il vincolo di massima banda passante.

Nel novembre 2016 la guardia di finanza ha segnalato alla magistratura che una nota web radio, diffusa in oltre 300 esercizi commerciali, non avrebbe rispettato la legge sul diritto d'autore.

L'associazionismo tra web radio
In questo quadro confuso dal punto di vista legislativo e nello stesso tempo di rapida evoluzione tecnica le Web radio hanno trovato un momento unificante in forme associazionistiche.
Oltre alla specifica e già menzionata W.R.A, che conta tra le proprie iscritte circa 100 emittenti, l'Associazione Aeranti Corallo evidenzia che tra i propri iscritti vi sono 10 realtà di radiotelevisione via internet.
 Inoltre l'Associazione RadUni, (associazione radiofonici universitari italiani), che raggruppa soci fra più di 20 web radio italiane. Promosso da Radio 100 passi che presegue il cammino di legalità iniziato da Peppino Impastato c'è, 100 PASSI MEDINETWORK che mette insieme oltre 40 radio e note firme del giornalismo d'inchiesta. A livello internazionale, su spinta soprattutto dei Paesi francofoni si è dato vita alla European Thematic Channels Association (ETCA).

Note

Voci correlate
 Streaming
 SAM Broadcaster
 Web TV
 Deezer

Collegamenti esterni

Radiodiffusione
Servizi di rete

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Universal Ford Building, originally constructed in 1917, once housed the Ford Motor Company and Ford Model T showroom. The design and adaptive reuse of the building and showroom involved the historic renovation of 37,000 square feet of the two-story structure. The building sits on one of the last intact tracts of historic Main Street in downtown Tulsa. The building's envelope was improved with new stucco and brickwork repairs. The original steel windows are retained and were repaired in place. There are over 2,000 individually glazed window units that are insulated that have been put into the original steel window frames.
The mixed-use renovation project resulted in 23 apartment units, 6,5000 square feet of restaurant space and 11,000 square feet of office space including 36 Degrees North, a cooperative work environment for budding entrepreneurs. The 5,000 square feet of unglazed porcelain hex tile, which was carefully restored to its original condition when the flooring was part of the Ford Model T showroom is a unique feature of the project.


The funeral for Tameka Foster's son Kile Glover took place today in Atlanta, three weeks after a jet ski accident at Lake Lanier that left the 11-year-old brain dead.
Funeral services for Usher's stepson were held at the Wieuca Baptist Church in Buckhead. Glover and a teenage friend were in an inner tube being pulled on a boat when they were hit by a jet ski that was reportedly being operated by a family friend. Glover suffered severe head injuries, was subsequently declared brain dead and was on life support for two weeks.
He died July 21 after reportedly being removed from life support.
Our thoughts and prayers go out to the entire Raymond family.


Our art programs and classes are based around the natural world. Children and Adults get an opportunity to be up close with wildlife and nature for their art practice.
Our Artist-In-Residence, Meagan, is a bubbly, creative, and nature loving person. She is a wonderful addition to our center and loves to get children involved in art and nature.
Children will spend three weeks drawing, journaling and implementing creative techniques that they will sue to recreate and record many of the animals and plants at the nature center.
Meagan Flaherty is a professional artist, born and raised on Long Island where she frequents state and county parks to draw inspiration from the natural world. Prolific since childhood, Meagan spent over a decade fine tuning her skills and talents under the instruction of Jeffrey K. Fisher. Her work has been featured in advertisements and publications across the US and displayed in local galleries.
In 2017 Meagan joined up with the dedicated staff Sweetbriar Nature Center with the goal of bringing a unique art experience to children and adults on Long Island. Combining her enthusiasm for the outdoors and her passion for art, these classes are designed to educate and inspire both new and seasoned artists, as well as to promote environmental stewardship and respect for local wildlife. Classes will include time in the studio, as well as time on the grounds as students learn how to work from life, often interacting with the rescued animals, or gathering supplies in the trails.


text:
Q: Multiple datasources in one LinqPad query to compare Dynamics 365 and Dynamics NAV data I am currently facing the need to access Dynamics 365 online and Dynamics NAV to compare data in both systems. Instead of using PowerBI, I would prefer more of a code-driven approach, so I tried LinqPad.
My idea was to fetch the data from both systems, run a comparison method and dump whatever needs to be dumped.
Unfortunately I am struggling with this approach, as it looks like I can not use multiple connections to unrelated systems in one query.
Any ideas, how to solve this? Perhaps export to csv and use that in another query?
Regards
Sven

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Last season, a number of ski areas around the country, most notably Colorado's Winter Park, Breckenridge, Copper Mountain, Keystone, and Arapahoe Basin, offered season passes at prices so reduced¿some as low as $199¿that five days of skiing would pay for the cost of the pass. After those areas sold more than 100,000 passes, it was apparent that they had hit on a good idea. Buying a pass even made sense for out-of-towners. Many more areas are offering similar deals this year. Unfortunately, season-pass prices are usually announced at the last minute, and the time window in which they can be purchased is brief. The pass prices from the Vermont and Idaho areas listed below have been confirmed. As more are announced, including those for the Colorado Front Range areas, we'll post them on our website, SkiNet, at www.skinet.com/travel.


text:
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Gibbous: A Cthulhu Adventure Review
Gibbous puts an interesting and humorous spin on Lovecraftian lore.
Richard Mukuze
At a glance, Gibbous: A Cthulhu adventure may look like another mediocre Lovecraft inspired Steam game. However, I'm happy to say that there's more than meets the eye with this charming little point-and-click adventure game.
Typically, I and I'm sure many other gamers are fans of the more action-packed titles that are commonplace in the games industry today. With titles like Bayonetta and Doom being among my favourites, I was sure a game where all you do is click on items would bore me to death. However, that wasn't the case here as the Gibbous features a fun and enjoyable plot that will keep you hooked to the game for the duration of its 6-hour campaign.
In the story, you spend most of your time playing as the pusillanimous and relatable Buzz Kerwan, a librarian who has been dragged into a cult conspiracy through his unintentional possession of the highly sought after Necronomicon. A mysterious and magical book hunted by various cults within the game. After accidentally using the evil tome to grant his creatively named cat Kitteh the ability to speak, Buzz and Kitteh set off on a quest to reverse the spell.
When You're not playing as Buzz and Kitteh, you control the humorously stereotypical detective Don R. Ketype who has been hired to find the mysterious Necronomicon. Don is a fun caricature of a typical detective who you'd find in noir movies of a bygone era. Time spent playing as Don is fun as his overly deep monologues and surface-level insights kept me laughing throughout the game.
The humour doesn't stop there, though, since the game is Jam-packed with jokes and comedic tropes that keep you smiling throughout your adventure. The self-aware writing throughout the game helps make the fairly run of the mill narrative more enjoyable as it creates fun and silly a tone that shows that the developers aren't taking themselves too seriously and realise you can have a bit of fun within dark gothic horror worlds.
This lighthearted attitude extends to the visuals as well. Characters and backgrounds are presented in a cartoony fashion which gives Gibbous the feeling of a children's animated movie however this doesn't stop the developers from mixing in darker elements that transform the visuals from something likening the Secret Life of Pets to a more mature and darker art style similar to those found in movies like Coraline or any of Tim Burton's works. The similarities to animated movies don't end there as the game features multiple amazingly animated cutscenes that would honestly feel at home on a cartoon network show.
As the Genre of the game may suggest, The main bulk of the gameplay in Gibbous is exploring areas by pointing and clicking on various different objects, areas and people in order to find more information or to solve a problem so you can progress in the story. Each Area in the game is filled with items so there's plenty to inspect and learn more about the world or the plot.
Throughout the campaign, there were several sections were you are tasked with crafting a useful item using random stuff around you. This is probably the most challenging the game gets as it's sometimes not clear what items are needed to craft an item. However, there is a mechanic that allows you to highlight items around you to make it easier to find what you're looking for.
When Exploring the rich environments of the game you're bound to run into an item or character which will start off one of the game's side quests. These quests are usually simple fetch quests, however, the roster of intriguing characters in the game help entice you to complete all these quests in order to learn more about the world and story. These great sidequests also connect to the main plot so everything you do feels like it has a purpose.
In conclusion, I think Gibbous: A Cthulhu Adventure is a beautifully animated point and click adventure with a fun and humorous plot that kept me playing for its short but sweet runtime. The game doesn't break any new ground in gameplay or storytelling but it does offer you a rich world to explore and is well worth a small bit of your time.
Gibbous: A Cthulhu Adventure
Gibbous: A Cthulhu Adventure is a short but sweet point-and-click game that takes a lighthearted approach to Lovecraftian lore.
A Cthulhu Adventure
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The History of Horror Video Games Part 2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Not able to download the file using spring no error but code not working i am trying to download a file from a server via authentication below is my java code but i am not able to download the file but the code is running no errors
at first  using trustSelfSignedSSL();  i will disable ssl Handshake and after using http entity headers i am sending credentials
the problem might  be in main method only
public class AppTest
{
    public static void main(String arg[]) throws IOException
    {
        ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>();
        messageConverters.add(new ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter());
        AppTest.trustSelfSignedSSL();
         RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(messageConverters);

           System.out.println("ok");

            ResponseEntity<byte[]> response = restTemplate.exchange(
                    "https://jira.example.com/rest/api/2/issue/id",
                    HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<String>(createHeaders()), byte[].class, "1");
            System.out.println(response.getBody());
            if (response.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.OK) {
                System.out.println("inside");
                Files.write(Paths.get("file.html"), response.getBody());
            }

    }

    static HttpHeaders createHeaders(){
        String plainCreds = "user:pass";
        byte[] plainCredsBytes = plainCreds.getBytes();
        byte[] base64CredsBytes = Base64.encodeBase64(plainCredsBytes);
        String base64Creds = new String(base64CredsBytes);

        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
        headers.add("Authorization", "Basic " + base64Creds);
        return headers;
    }

    public static void trustSelfSignedSSL() {
        try {
            SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {

                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException {
                }

                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException {
                }

                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
            };
            ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
            SSLContext.setDefault(ctx);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

}
}

A: I verified your SSL bypass and Basic authentication and they seem OK. I've used this trick before successfully.
Suspicious to me is RestTemplate call.
ResponseEntity<byte[]> response = restTemplate.exchange(
    "https://jira.example.com/rest/api/2/issue/id",
    HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<String>(createHeaders()), byte[].class, "1");

"1" parameter at the end suppose to be uriVariable, but your URL doesn't have any placeholder (e.g. https://jira.example.com/rest/api/2/issue/{id}). Try to remove this last parameter.


Sam Evian, led by NYC-based songwriter and producer Sam Owens, released their latest album You, Forever in the summer of 2018.
In 2017, Owens co-produced Kazu Makino's solo album. The Japanese vocalist, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, best know for her work in Blonde Redhead, has now returned the favor by lending her distinctive vocals to the You, Forever album track, "Next To You."
"Kazu is a true artist, her instincts unbridled and unafraid. We've stayed close friends since finishing her record. Brian Betancourt (who plays bass in my band and is a central part of the Evian situation) suggested a version of "Next To You" with Kazu singing. I had always envisioned other voices in my songs, so it made sense. I was nervous to ask Kazu to do it, but she agreed without hesitation. I brought a mic over to her house, and we drank a few glasses of champagne and knocked out the new vocal in a few passes. It was a victory lap of sorts," explains Owens. ""Next To You" is one of my favorite cuts from the record. The haunting metronome, violins, and bass melody in the intro all seem to be in direct reference to the way the arrangements for Marvin Gaye's "Whats Going On" work. It's a sound that I'd like to spend more time with. The lyrics are basically "this world is f*cked up, let's stick together…" and it felt great to rehash that vibe with Kazu. Many of us are familiar with the tension, emotion and beauty of her vocal - I'm honored to feature that on my song."


text:
How Did Lord Nelson Win the Battle of Trafalgar So Convincingly?
French Revolution and Napoleon
Don't get me wrong, I am a massive Nelson fan. By the time of his death in the Battle of Trafalgar Vice Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson was a veteran with tens of thousands of sea miles under his belt, who had been at sea since childhood and had spent years learning his craft in the Arctic, in terrifying storms and in combat with the enemy.
He had a charisma that made men undertake his commands willingly. His letters are filled with concern for the welfare of his crews. But I cannot pretend that the scale of his crushing victory at Trafalgar was down solely to his leadership.
Britain's Georgian Royal Navy was a phenomenon. Technologically and numerically superior to all the other navies of the world combined, its officers and men hardened by generations of war, and motivated by a powerful tradition of victories.
The HMS Victory in Portsmouth in 1900, where it remains to this day. Credit: Library of Congress / Commons.
The stunning defeat it inflicted on its French and Spanish enemy at Trafalgar is testament both to the potency of the Royal Navy as an instrument of war, and to the leadership of Nelson, who recognised its strengths, and came up with a plan of battle that would accentuate them.
The result was a decisive victory that annihilated the French and Spanish navies, capturing or destroying two thirds of their force, bringing to an end any talk of invading Britain, and creating a reinforcing a myth of British invincibility that would endure for over a century.
On 21 October 1805 the British Royal Navy defeated the combined battle fleets of the French and Spanish empires 20 miles northwest of a promontory of rock and sand in southern Spain. This is the story of the Battle of Trafalgar.Watch Now
A change in strategy
Since the Spanish Armada in 1588, ships carrying cannon along either side of the vessel could only do serious damage to an enemy who were perpendicular to their line of advance, so tactics evolved whereby long lines of battleships would blast each other while travelling on parallel courses.
Nelson decided to dispense with these tactics at Trafalgar. They too often allowed one side to break off the action and it was hard to achieve a decisive result with long cumbersome lines tacking and wearing ship in unison. Nelson would split his fleet and send two columns right into the middle of the enemy.
Tactical map showing Nelson's strategy to split the French and Spanish lines. Credit: Oladelmar / Commons.
This would precipitate a melee in which he knew his better trained crews, and faster, heavier guns would overcome the enemy.
His decision has gone down in military legend. Hungry for a result, he would sail straight at the enemy fleet, crash through their line, throw all into confusion, cut off at least a third of their ships and systemically destroy them. This was the plan of an admiral confident in the superiority of his raw materials.
Superior gunnery
Nelson's cannons were triggered by gunlocks, these mechanisms sent a spark instantly down a touch hole to ignite the gunpowder in the barrel of the cannon. They made them quicker and safer to reload and much easier to aim than the Franco-Spanish fleet who were still using a much more primitive method.
A gun on-board HMS Victory. Credit: HMS Victory.
Nelson's ships also carried a terrible new weapon, 68-pounder carronades. These massive guns were designed for short range battering.
One infamous shot from a carronade on Nelson's flagship, HMS Victory, saw a keg of 500 musket balls blasted through the stern windows of a French ship and effectively wiping out the crew manning the cannon on her gun deck.
A very able crew
It was not just the technology that was superior, the captains, officers, marines and seamen were hardened by years at sea. Whereas enemy ships had spent huge amounts of time cooped up in harbour, crewed by untrained landsmen, the British had been blockading the ports of Europe, beating back and forth in all weather, until crews were drilled to perfection.
Nelson's signal, "England expects that every man will do his duty", flying from Victory on the bicentenary of the Battle of Trafalgar. Credit: Tkgd2007 / Commons.
Nelson's last instruction to his captains was simple, "No captain can do very wrong if he places his ship alongside that of the enemy." He knew that the plan would inevitably fall apart on contact with the enemy, in that situation, his captains knew the minimum of what was expected of them.
The risks
There was one great drawback to Nelson's plan. While his ships were making straight for the great sickle shaped enemy fleet of 33 battleships the French and Spanish would be able to blast his columns with their full broadsides while the British fleet would effectively be unable to fire back.
He gambled on the fact that his enemy crews were ill-trained, and their gunnery poor.
Depiction of the Battle of Trafalgar.
However, the leading ship of either of Nelson's column would certainly take a pounding. That is why Nelson insisted that his ship, HMS Victory would lead one column, and his second in command, Rear Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood, aboard HMS Royal Sovereign would lead the other.
Conspicuous exposure to enemy fire was always a hallmark of Nelson's leadership. Before Trafalgar he had been wounded several times, and had lost an arm and an eye. At Trafalgar he declined the opportunity to switch his flag to a ship further removed from the heat of battle and he paid for this with his life.
Professor of Modern History David Andress talks Dan through the French Revolution: the causes, the context, its significance and its wide-felt consequences.Watch Now
The Battle of Trafalgar
On 21 October 1805 Nelson's 27 battleships glided on a gentle breeze towards the 33 strong French and Spanish fleet. Victory and Royal Sovereign did indeed take a pounding as they closed with the French and for a terrifying few minutes they found themselves isolated as they ploughed into the enemy lines.
Victory suffered terribly and Nelson was mortally wounded.
La Bucentaure at Trafalgar in a painting by Auguste Mayer. Credit: Auguste Mayer / Commons.
However, within minutes giant British battleships were arriving one after the other and the enemy was terribly outgunned and their crews slaughtered.
Most of the enemy ships who escaped this onslaught fled rather than reinforce their beleaguered comrades. No fewer than 22 enemy French and Spanish were captured, not a single one of Nelson's ships was lost.
Nelson died, below the waterline on the orlop deck, at the very moment of victory. But so great was the victory, and so dominant did it leave the Royal Navy, that he left behind a country that did not depend on a single leader of genius to retain its command of the oceans.
Tags: Battle of Trafalgar, Horatio Nelson
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25 Songs, 2 Hours 32 Minutes
Inspired by the possibilities of digital technology and the audacious rhythms of Brazil and Africa, Peter Gabriel invigorated pop music with 1986's So. "Sledgehammer" is a James Brown groove reinforced with juicy synths and hard-hitting drum machines. While that song highlights Gabriel's most soulful singing, his husky voice materializes like a beam of light through the roiling pulses of "Red Rain." The dueling currents of tension and comfort merge on "In Your Eyes," a love song so pure in its intentions that its intricate machinery becomes almost invisible.
So (Special Edition) Peter Gabriel
Red Rain
That Voice Again
We Do What We're Told (Milgram's 37)
This Is the Picture (Excellent Birds)
This Is the Picture (Excellent Birds) [Live]
San Jacinto (Live)
Shock the Monkey (Live)
Family Snapshot (Live)
Intruder (Live)
Games Without Frontiers (Live)
No Self Control (Live)
Mercy Street (Live)
The Family and the Fishing Net (Live)
Don't Give Up (Live)
Solsbury Hill (Live)
Lay Your Hands On Me (Live)
Sledgehammer (Live)
Here Comes the Flood (Live)
In Your Eyes (Live)
Biko (Live)
℗ 2015 Peter Gabriel Ltd
More By Peter Gabriel
Shaking the Tree: Sixteen Golden Greats (Remastered)
Scratch My Back (Special Edition)
New Blood (Special Edition)
Passion: Music for the Last Temptation of Christ
Us (Remastered)
Genesis (Remastered)
Face Value (Deluxe Edition)
Crosby, Stills & Nash
Private Investigations: The Best of Dire Straits & Mark Knopfler
Dire Straits & Mark Knopfler
Now and Zen (Remastered)


"That was amazing. I felt like I dropped down into a, just dropped down into something really deep, instantly… When the 'I' dissolved, my awareness went into the other person. I was suddenly aware of her experience. So I went out of me being in my situation with my frustration and going to suddenly being in her experience. It let me recognize her. Like, 'Wait a minute, what's her experience in all this?' Then it wasn't about 'I.' ~Sharon, participant in Mark's Coming to Wholeness workshop at the Hypnothoughts Live Conference.
"I've been at this hypnosis conference for 3 days now, going in and out of trances, and that simple thing you said just put me into the deepest trance yet." ~ Anonymous participant at Mark's Coming to Wholeness workshop at the Hypnothoughts Live Conference.
Mark Andreas lives in Boulder CO, where he has a private practice offering individual sessions assisting people in achieving life-goals and resolving limitations using NLP, Wholeness Process, and other methods for personal transformation and development. Mark Also trains Nationally and Internationally. Together with his parents Steve and Connirae Andreas, Mark co-sponsors Andreas NLP Trainings, which hosts a variety of innovative trainers and trainings at the growing edge of the NLP field. Mark is Author of the book "Sweet Fruit from the Bitter Tree: 61 stories of creative and compassionate ways out of conflict," endorsed by Dan Millman and William Ury, and "Waltzing with Wolverines: finding connection and cooperation with troubled teens," a collection of stories and principles for working with youth based on his two years leading groups of at-risk teens for a wilderness therapy program in Colorado.


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« Pittsburgh Steelers vs Minnesota Vikings: Live Grades and Analysis for Minnesota
Minnesota Vikings scoring fight song sung at game. Skol Vikings, Let's win this game. »
Zulgad: Leslie Frazier can learn lesson from Gophers coach Jerry Kill
Jerry Kill left many scratching their heads Saturday when he not only reinstated Philip Nelson as his starting quarterback, but failed to get Mitch Leidner into the game in the Minnesota Gophers' 23-7 loss to the Iowa Hawkeyes.
Leidner entered in relief of Nelson on Sept. 14 against Western Illinois after the latter suffered a strained right hamstring and led the Gophers to back-to-back victories.
That left Leidner as the obvious choice to start against the Hawkeyes. Only the Gophers coach got cute and for a second consecutive season an average Iowa club dominated Kill's team.
Hopefully, Vikings coach Leslie Frazier will learn from this and won't make a Kill-like blunder when his team plays host to Carolina after an off week.
The Vikings started veteran Matt Cassel at quarterback on Sunday in a 34-27 win over the Pittsburgh Steelers in London because Christian Ponder had a fractured rib.
Cassel didn't wow anyone, but what he did was look the part of a serviceable NFL quarterback, something that Ponder has failed to do too many times in his time as the Vikings' starter.
Cassel completed 16 of 25 passes for 248 yards with two touchdowns, no interceptions and a 123.4 passer rating.
Wide receiver Jerome Simpson caught seven passes for 124 yards with a long of 51, and Greg Jennings added three receptions for 92 yards with two touchdowns, including one that went for 70 yards.
Granted Pittsburgh isn't a good team – the Vikings are 1-3 and the Steelers are 0-4 – but Cassel can't be penalized for the fact he didn't beat the Denver Broncos.
What Cassel gave the Vikings was the threat of a quarterback who could complete passes on a consistent basis and also throw the ball down the field. This meant the Steelers had no choice but to show some respect for a Vikings passing game that far too often has been easy to ignore.
Running back Adrian Peterson benefited from the return of fullback Jerome Felton and the fact the Steelers couldn't concentrate solely on the run. Peterson finished with 140 yards on 23 rushing attempts with two touchdowns, including a 60-yarder.
During CBS' broadcast of the game, announcers Jim Nantz and Phil Simms said that in their production meeting with Frazier the coach said Ponder was still his starter when healthy.
After the game, Frazier told reporters that "Christian Ponder is our quarterback."
But, as Brian Murphy of the Pioneer Press pointed out in his tweets from London, Frazier said it would be "premature" to declare Cassel his starting quarterback until he digested the win, looked at the film and began to assess matters during the bye week.
This is what we call buying yourself time.
Frazier had no incentive to declare Cassel his starter right after the win and, in fact, doesn't have to do it anytime soon. The Vikings could continue to point to Ponder's rib injury as a reason to keep him out for a few more weeks and not have to announce that he has been benched.
Keep in mind, the way Ponder's injury was described. Reports from London were that the fractured rib was on Ponder's left side and that contact could end up affecting his heart. Sounds pretty serious, right? Serious enough to keep him out for three or four games? Perhaps.
And what if Ponder feels good to go a week from this coming Sunday? One can only imagine the reaction from the crowd at the Metrodome upon seeing Ponder get the start. More importantly, try selling Ponder's return to a locker room that includes Jennings, Simpson, Peterson and an offense that just saw Cassel play the type of game it wanted so badly from Ponder.
The Vikings have two winnable games upcoming against the Panthers and New York Giants, meaning .500 isn't unrealistic.
Frazier and Co., will have plenty of time to decide how they want to approach who will start at quarterback after the bye, but one has to figure that he has little interest in opening himself up to the type of criticism (both from the public and his players) that Kill so richly deserves.
September 29th, 2013 | Tags: adrian peterson, Christian Ponder, greg jennings, Jerome Felton, jerome simpson, leslie frazier, matt cassel | Category: 1500 ESPN


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Home » Today » What will future homes look like?
Future homes will use alternative energy sources.
Dear EarthTalk: Given all the advances in residential household efficiency, can you paint a picture of what the home of the future will look like?
No doubt, homes in the future, whether single-family dwellings or apartments in larger buildings, will be much greener than what we are living in these days. For starters, the use of sustainable, locally sourced (and ideally recycled) materials will be the norm, not the exception, to avoid the unnecessary emissions and resource consumption required to make new stuff and ship it around the world.
Homes of the future will be energy efficient. Part of this efficiency will come from better insulation, doors and windows that keep the heat/cold inside where you want it. The other part will come in the form of renewable energy generated on-site, whether from rooftop photovoltaic solar panels, thin-film window treatments, solar shingles, micro wind turbines, kinetic energy harvesters or other newfangled technologies. And all this self-sustaining energy will be stored in your own high-capacity batteries probably not so different from Tesla's Powerwall array.
While the picture painted above may seem far-fetched, it's really not, given that you could build a home that met all of the above criteria today for not much more than a conventional home. That said, it might be greener still to retrofit your old-school home with eco-friendly upgrades than to tear it down and build a new one, given the emissions associated with manufacturing, materials transport and assembly on a new structure. While the new home will be more efficient, it could take decades to "pay back" the "carbon debt" accrued by building from scratch.
Of course, all buildings run their course eventually, so when it is time to tear down, it's good to know there are plenty of green options to replace the old homestead. And with California adopting new building codes that go into effect in 2020 calling for all new construction of single-family homes and low-rise apartments to meet zero net energy standards (whereby they generate as much power from on-site renewables as they consume from the grid), the future may be here sooner than we imagined.


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Criminal Justice/ Politics
Trump: Ryan, Rollins 'don't mind crime'
President also calls on Warren to resign
By Sarah Betancourt	Criminal justice reform, National Politics	0 Comments May 1, 2019
PRESIDENT TRUMP on Wednesday called for the resignation of Sen. Elizabeth Warren over her claims of Native American ancestry and described a lawsuit filed by two Massachusetts district attorneys to bar federal immigration agents from local courthouses as "a sad situation."
Calling in to Boston Herald Radio, Trump was asked about the lawsuit filed on Monday by Middlesex County District Attorney Marian Ryan, her Suffolk County counterpart, Rachael Rollins, the Committee for Public Counsel Services, and the advocacy group Chelsea Collaborative.
"These are people that probably don't mind crime, they don't mind what's going on," Trump said of the two DAs. "You look at MS-13, they say in the world there's nothing more evil. These are some very, very bad people. To try and protect them, I don't think so."
Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents arrested two immigrants on Monday who were in the country illegally and charged with crimes at the Chelsea and East Boston District Courts.
"We have to stop crime in this country. Crime is way down in this country and part of the reason is ICE," Trump said.
John Mohan, a spokesman for ICE, said he had no information on how many MS-13 members were civilly arrested by ICE in district courts in the past year. "The agency doesn't track or release a total number of those detainees we arrest who may have gang-affiliations," he said.
Ryan's spokeswoman declined comment. A Rollins spokesperson could not be reached for comment.
Both said earlier in the week that they were joining the lawsuit against ICE because arrests at courthouses were disrupting efforts to prosecute cases and causing potential witnesses to crimes to stay away.
Sarah Betancourt
Reporter, CommonWealth
E-mail @sweetadelinevt
About Sarah Betancourt
Sarah Betancourt is a bilingual journalist reporting across New England. Prior to joining Commonwealth, Sarah was a reporter for The Associated Press in Boston, and a correspondent with The Boston Globe and The Guardian. She has written about immigration, social justice, and health policy for outlets like NBC, The Boston Institute for Nonprofit Journalism, and the New York Law Journal. Sarah has reported stories such as a national look at teacher shortages, how databases are used by police departments to procure information on immigrants, and uncovered the spread of an infectious disease in children at a family detention center. She has covered the State House, local and national politics, crime and general assignment.
Sarah received a 2018 Investigative Reporters and Editors Award for her role in the ProPublica/NPR story, "They Got Hurt at Work and Then They Got Deported," which explored how Florida employers and insurance companies were getting out of paying workers compensation benefits by using a state law to ensure injured undocumented workers were arrested or deported. Sarah attended Emerson College for a Bachelor's Degree in Political Communication, and Columbia University for a fellowship and Master's degree with the Stabile Center for Investigative Journalism.
Trump also launched into a discussion over Warren's call for the resignation of Attorney General William Barr over his interpretation of the Mueller Report. "She defrauded the public for a long time, and you know, she should be the one to resign," Trump said, referencing Warren's previous claims to Native American ancestry.
Trump was interviewed by Boston Herald columnist Adriana Cohen. Cohen repeatedly said she was honored to have the president on the show and made clear she sided with the president, belittling Rollins and proclaiming that ICE needs to be able to do its job.
Tagged in: Criminal justice reform/ National Politics
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In order to get a green screen just buy green poster boards, and some rolls of green tape, then tape the posters boards together and hang them on a wall.
Get a image you want for the background.
Click the drop down that says cutaway and click green/blue screen.
I have something different with my android, would this still work for a different editing app.
Wonderful tutorial that really works! We also used the clean up (eraser icon) to remove more of the green screen.
Where is the drop down that says cutaway????
Many thanks for that easy to follow explanation. Gave it a quick test today, worked a treat.
Cool! What version if iMovie is this?


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« Mythology, incommensurability and the Analytic-Continental distinction | Main | Minds on Monday: Sense and Un-sense in the Animal Kingdom »
Push has come to shove on the "work for hire" front
We previously discussed Steven Shaviro's Jan 11 post in which he expressed his dismay at discovering that OUP had inserted "work for hire" language in his author's contract. Gordon Hull's comments here and at Shaviro's blog were particularly acute, explaining how "work for hire" differs from standard contracts: usually, an author retains various rights of ownership, re-use (e.g., in a later single-authored work), and distribution (e.g. private web archive), and allocates a limited set of rights pertaining to copyright to the press. However, with "work for hire" the author has no rights, as the press claims copyright from the start.
Here Shaviro reports on the developments. More below the fold, but in brief, he will not sign the contract, will not submit his work, will not write for OUP in the future, and will not buy OUP books until the "work for hire" language is dropped from OUP contracts, on the grounds that such contracts spell the end of our status as scholars freely contributing to ongoing discussion in the public interest and its replacement with the status of "knowledge worker" producing privately owned "content."
Shaviro writes:
the academics who are putting together the volume to which I was supposed to be contributing graciously asked OUP on my behalf about the work for hire provision. The response they got back was that the Press wouldn't budge on work for hire. I don't think I have permission to actually reproduce the words of the editor from OUP, so I will paraphrase. What he basically said was that traditional publication agreements are insufficient because they only give presses "limited sets of rights." In other words, he was openly confessing that OUP seeks complete and unlimited control over the material that they publish. The justification he gave for this was that old neoliberal standby, "flexibility" — OUP is seeking to do all sorts of digital distribution, and if rights are limited then they may not be able to control new forms of distribution that arise due to technological changes....
Equally alarmingly, the editor said in his email that this "work for hire" provision was now standard practice for the press, at least as regards their very ambitious series of "Handbook" volumes. In other words, OUP is being quite systematic in usurping authors' rights. If we don't stop this now, it will become more and more prevalent throughout academic publishing....
I, for one, am determined never to write for Oxford University Press again, unless they eliminate this policy; and I would urge others to refuse to write for them as well. I know that people in less privileged positions than mine are pretty much compelled to sign odious agreements of this sort, because they need the publications for academic credit and recognition, and often specifically for tenure or promotion. So I don't condemn anyone who does enter into so unfavorable an agreement — rather, I would hope that action by those of us who can afford to take our work elsewhere, or simply make it available for free, will lead to the elimination of such exploitative contracts altogether. I would advise all academic writers to look carefully at their contracts, before they commit themselves.
I will also not be buying any OUP books in the future — which is something of a sacrifice, as they are an important press....
As for my article itself — which is 8500 words long, which contains substantial arguments not found in anything else that I have written, and which cost me two months of my life — I will try to find another venue for it to appear in print. I will eventually make it available for free download from my own website as well (as I have done with most of my writings), but it still seems unfortunately to be the case that academic writings are not taken seriously if they do not have some "official" form of publication.
Posted by John Protevi on 23 January 2012 at 10:16 in Academic freedom , Improving the philosophy profession, John Protevi, Political Economy of higher education | Permalink


Buy Lodge 3 qt. Enameled Cast Iron Dutch Oven in Blue from $79.99 at Bed Bath & Beyond. The Lodge Enameled Cast Iron Dutch Oven sets the standard for cookware and offers superior cooking performance by way of controlled metallurgy and exacting mold designs. When company's coming, your Dutch oven will serve you and everyone well.The Lodge Enameled Cast Iron Dutch Oven sets the standard for cookware and offers superior cooking performance by way of controlled metallurgy and exacting mold designs. When company's coming, your Dutch oven will serve you and everyone well.
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The Food and Drug Administration voted overwhelmingly to keep the diabetes drug Avandia on the market, despite its known deadly effects. Two FDA committees met yesterday in Gaithersburg, Maryland, to consider whether the drug -- which has led to the deaths of 80,000 people -- should be pulled from the marketplace.
The FDA does not deny that the drug is dangerous. Members of the FDA's Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee and the Drug Safety and Risk Management Advisory Committee voted 20-3 to acknowledge the finding that the drug raises the risk of heart attacks, and called for stronger warning labels.
Dr. Clifford J. Rosen, from St. Joseph Hospital in Bangor, Maine, said after the meeting that "there was enough concern on the advisory committee that virtually everybody felt there was risk" of heart attacks from taking Avandia.
Nonetheless, committee members voted 22-1 to keep the drug on the market, knowing full well that the drug would kill some percentage of those patients who take it.
Avandia death toll: 80,000 people and counting?
The dangers of Avandia are well documented and are not news to the FDA. In May, the New England Journal of Medicine published a study that found Avandia increases the risk of heart attacks. But FDA officials already knew that; indeed the drug's maker, GlaxoSmithKline LLC, based in London, told the agency of the risk two years ago. However, the FDA failed to pass along the warning to the one million Americans who already take the drug.
Even within the FDA, scientists have presented the risks of Avandia to colleagues and fellow committee members. Dr. David Graham, a drug safety officer with the FDA's Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, estimates that Avandia has caused as many as 205,000 heart attacks and strokes, some of them fatal, between 1999 and 2006. Graham's analysis indicates that since Avandia was approved, some 80,000 patients have died from the drug's side effects. For every month that Avandia is sold, he said, 1,600 to 2,200 patients will suffer more of these events.
The FDA's continued approval of this drug, therefore, is a kind of death sentence for American consumers, racking up a body count so large that it already exceeds the total number of Americans killed in the entire Vietnam War!
Gerald Del Pan, director of the Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, expressed concern about keeping Avandia on the market. "Cardiovascular disease being the leading cause of death of people with diabetes, having a treatment that causes that is something that doesn't make sense to me," he said.
Yet the majority at the FDA sided with the drug company Glaxo. "Let's not throw out the baby with the bathwater," Philip L. Hooper, a physician at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, stated, claiming that doctors need as many pharmaceutical resources as possible, apparently regardless of whether they are actually safe for patients.
Others within the FDA were quick to point out how difficult their jobs can be. Karen Mahoney, an FDA medical officer, said that reviewing all the relevant data was "extraordinarily complex." The data sets were so complicated, she said, that FDA computers had to be upgraded to handle the load. Glaxo presented hundreds of documents including its own studies which claim that Avandia has no risk of increased heart attacks.
Graham noted that Glaxo's internal research on Avandia lacked an untreated placebo group and suffered other design shortcomings. Similarly, FDA reviewers Chuck Cooper and Yu-Te Wu of the Office of Biostatistics called Glaxo's research "questionable."
Dr. Robert Meyer, director of the office within the FDA that approved Avandia's initial application, based his argument in favor of Avandia on the fact that other diabetes drugs carry risks as well -- so leaving Avandia on the market provides "treatment options."
The drug's maker took precisely the same stance: "It's absolutely essential to maintain a full range of treatment options in this very important disease and Avandia has got to be a part of that range,'' said Chris Viehbacher, president of U.S. pharmaceuticals at Glaxo, which earns more $3 billion annually from Avandia sales.
In other words, Avandia was left on the market not because it has been proven safe (it has actually been proven dangerous), but because it is no more deadly than the other dangerous diabetes drugs on the market. This is a strange bit of FDA logic, where chemicals that are equally dangerous to the public are considered universally safe because no single chemical stands out as more dangerous than the others. In other words, drug safety no longer has any basis in absolutely safety to the patient and is, instead, based on each drug's relative safety to other dangerous drugs.
By taking this stance, the FDA has made dangerous drugs the default. Consumers may now assume that all FDA-approved drugs are inherently dangerous and meet no reality-based safety standard whatsoever! Please also note that the FDA never applies such risk/reward calculations to herbs or dietary supplements. If an herb is implicated in the death of a single person, the FDA can rule it to be "unsafe at any dose" and outlaw it entirely. A pharmaceutical with 100,000 times that fatality rate, however, can be justified by the FDA as being "worth the risk." Isn't it interesting that this double standard just happens to coincide with the profit interests of drug companies who now control the FDA?
On news of the FDA's vote, stock prices of GlaxoSmithKline LLC made the highest jump in two years. Business analysts noted the victory for Glaxo: "At 22-1, this was a clear endorsement of the product," said Peter Cartwright at Evolution Securities in London. "They've strengthened the label. Now Glaxo can get back on the road." And the FDA can get back to business killing people while pretending to be protecting them.
This latest decision by the FDA to keep Avandia on the market, knowing full well that it will kill tens of thousands of Americans each year, is yet another example of the FDA's ongoing crimes against the American people (and its all-too-cozy relationship with drug companies). Once again, the FDA has sold us out, and the system of modern medicine has demonstrated itself to be an utter failure at preventing disease or protecting the lives of patients.
In my opinion, the 22 FDA panel members who voted to keep Avandia on the market should be arrested, prosecuted, and tried for their conspiracy involvement in this crime against the American people. I am not a proponent of the death sentence, so I would not support their execution (see the related CounterThink cartoon about executions in China), but force-feeding them high doses of Avandia sounds like a remarkably appropriate punishment for the harm they have unleashed upon this nation.
Today, following this FDA decision, America is less safe than it was yesterday, and the U.S. population is squarely in the crosshairs of the pharmaceutical industry which has created a hugely profitable criminal enterprise by sacrificing the health and lives of the American people. I find it curious that a movie like Apocalypto, which shows the widespread practice of human sacrifice in the Mayan culture, is looked upon with shock and horror by most American consumers while, in reality, America is sacrificing far more of its people upon the altar of corporate profits. The number of bloodied heads rolling down the steps of the pyramid of corporate profits in America today makes the Mayan practice of human sacrifice seem tiny in comparison.


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The  is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Keikyu in the Tokyo area of Japan since 1998. It replaced the earlier 2000 series on limited-stop  reserved seat services. A total of 10 8-car sets were built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Tokyu Car, and the first sets entered service on 28 March 1998.

Service
The 2100 series are mainly used on limited-stop on limited-stop  service on the Main Line and Kurihama Line. Some trains also inter-run with one stop on the Asakusa Line, stopping at Sengakuji Station only.

AC traction motor systems

The Keikyu 2100 series was Japan's first standard-gauge train to use Siemens-supplied GTO-VVVF propulsion system. The system's ability to produce a "do-re-mi-fa-so-la-ti-do" scale when the propulsion starts up quickly became a signature to the 2100 series when it was introduced, earning the nickname as the . Subsequently, similar propulsion was also installed on 56 cars of the N1000 series. The uniqueness of the propulsion system made its way into various music and popular culture, such as Super Bell"Z. Due to the unavailability of substitute parts for the train's GTO-VVVF propulsion system, the propulsion system on the trains was replaced with a new inverter, which does not have a solfège scale.

By March 2015, all of the original Siemens-supplied GTO-VVVF traction systems used on the 2100 series were replaced with new IGBT-VVVF traction systems manufactured by Toyo Denki. By July 2021, all Siemens-supplied GTO-VVVF traction systems in Japan were phased out.

Formation
, ten eight-car sets are in operation, formed as follows, with four motored (M) cars and four trailer (T) cars, and car 1 at the Misakiguchi end.

The two "Tp" cars are each fitted with two single-arm pantographs.

Interior
Passenger accommodation consists of transverse seating arranged 2+2 abreast, with seat backs that can be flipped over to face the direction of travel. The windows on the 2100 series are double-glazed, with curtains.

Refurbishment
Set 2101 was the first 2100 series set to undergo refurbishment, in 2013. Modifications include replacing the passenger windows at the ends of each car with opening windows, replacing the curtains on these windows with roller blinds, replacing the original fluorescent tube lighting with LED lighting, installation of door chimes as well as a single LCD passenger information screen above the doors.

Livery variations
Trainset 2157 carried a "Keikyu Blue Sky Train" livery from 11 June 2005  From then, set 2133 inherited the "Keikyu Blue Sky Train" livery. From 21 February 2016, set 2133 operated in a modified version of its blue livery, adapted to resemble the livery of Taiwan Railways Administration trains, to mark the first anniversary of the signing of a friendship agreement between Keikyu and Taiwan Railways Administration.

Keikyu teamed up with Sega to decorate a special limited edition "Sonic the Hedgehog/Puyo Puyo" train which ran on the Keikyu Airport Line from 14 November 2016 to 17 December 2016 to celebrate the 25th anniversary for both games. The train was part of the Keikyu 2100 series' "Keikyu Blue Sky Train" livery and featured images of Sonic, Tails, Knuckles, Amy, Shadow, Silver, Eggman and Carbuncle as well as a collection of the game's expressive stacking blobs. In addition, signs at the Airport Line's Otorii Station, the closest stop to the site of Sega's original office prior to 2018, were featuring special images honoring the games.

References

External links

 Keikyu 2100 series official information

Electric multiple units of Japan
2100 series
Train-related introductions in 1998
Kawasaki multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Tokyu Car multiple units


The Coast Blvd Embellished Sandal is a gorgeous art deco inspired sandal. The rectangle and circle embellishments decorate a whimsical strappy upper. Channel anohter Era and pair the Coast Blvd Embellished Sandal with palazzo pants, a crochet shirt and a headband accessory.


Overlooking the hilltop village of Trevi (Umbria, Italy) and surrounded by a small olive grove of less than 1,000 olive trees sits Casa Margherita.
Every single drop of our fruity, peppery extra virgin olive oil is made by us from these trees. Provenance is guaranteed. We have restored this grove from an abandoned wilderness by hand and have a passion for what we do which is unquantifiable. You can share that passion and be a part of Umbrian life by adopting an olive tree or simply enjoy the fruits of our labours in the form of our superb extra virgin olive oil.


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Radius Insurance Services | Southern California Business Insurance
Phone(800) 400-SAVE Email: info@radiusins.com
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3 WAYS WANNACRY COULD HAVE BEEN MUCH WORSE
CyberPosted By radiusins July 27, 2017
Recently, the Wannacry ransomware attack wreaked havoc on computer systems around the world, quickly encrypting data and holding it hostage in exchange for payment in bitcoins. As disruptive as this attack was, though, it could have been exponentially worse under slightly different circumstances or with a few tweaks to the program. NO KILL SWITCH One…
THE BIGGEST TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FOR SMALL BUSINESSES
Business InsurancePosted By Nick Roumi July 25, 2017
Across every industry, advances in technology are changing how businesses operate in both large and small ways. In many cases, these changes are improvements, as they can lead to more streamlined processes and higher profit margins. However, small businesses especially can be caught between a rock and a hard place when it comes to keeping…
Risks and Benefits – Smartphones in the Workplace
General LiabilityPosted By Abe Vakil July 20, 2017
It's reasonable to expect, at this point, that all of your employees have a smartphone, and that they bring it to work with them on a regular basis. What's not always so clear, however, is whether it's a good idea to allow them to use their smartphone for company business. While there are some clear…
Are You Paying Too Much for Business Insurance Policies?
Insurance ServicesPosted By Franklin Khalil July 18, 2017
Business insurance is a must-have for just about every company, regardless of size. The fact is, though, that there is a huge range when it comes to the costs of premiums for the various business policies available. So, while you want to make sure you're fully protected, you also don't want to be paying more…
How AI Will Shape the Future of Worker's Compensation
CyberPosted By Robin Schmidle July 13, 2017
There's no denying the impact new technologies are having on workplaces in a wide variety of industries every day. That trend will only increase as artificial intelligence (AI) and other robotics-based advancements find their way into the day-to-day operations of all kinds of companies. The changes this will bring about are the topic of much…
Three Most Common Challenges in Developing a Return to Work Program
Return to WorkPosted By Nick Roumi July 11, 2017
There is little doubt that return to work programs for employees injured on the job can help reduce worker's compensation costs while minimizing the disruption to the workplace caused by the loss of the injured worker. However, putting together a return to work program that's effective can be a challenge. A lot of the reason…
Common Mistakes in Enterprise Risk Management
Property RiskPosted By Abe Vakil July 6, 2017
Large companies are under greater pressure than ever before to manage risk and protect their assets. Investors, shareholders, and regulators alike drive implementation of enterprise risk management programs, but those programs are not always effective. Let's look at some of the most common mistakes made in addressing risk in larger companies and how they can…
Why Would an Employee Avoid Filing for Workers' Compensation?
Workers CompensationPosted By radiusins July 2, 2017
Most small business owners are rightfully concerned about the risk of workers' compensation fraud. You see it on the news, read about it online, and are worried that someone might attempt to take advantage of the system. In reality, fraud is relatively rare. It does happen, and there are several steps you can and should…
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Teenage boy found shot to death inside Harvey home, Sheriff's Office says
Updated: 4:35 PM CDT May 31, 2016
Investigators said a teenage boy was shot and killed Tuesday in Harvey.The deadly shooting was reported after 2 p.m. in the 1600 block of Esther Street, the Jefferson Parish Sheriff's Office said.Deputies found the boy outside a home where he was shot, according to information given to WDSU news crews. He has not been identified.The Sheriff's Office said another man, in his late 20s, showed up at a hospital with multiple gunshot wounds. Detectives believe his shooting could be related to the boy's death on Esther Street.Additional information has not been released by the Sheriff's Office.Stay with WDSU-TV and WDSU.com as updates are released.Keep up with local news, weather and current events with the WDSU app here.Sign up for our email newsletters to get breaking news right in your inbox. Click here to sign up!
HARVEY, La. —
Investigators said a teenage boy was shot and killed Tuesday in Harvey.
The deadly shooting was reported after 2 p.m. in the 1600 block of Esther Street, the Jefferson Parish Sheriff's Office said.
Deputies found the boy outside a home where he was shot, according to information given to WDSU news crews. He has not been identified.
The Sheriff's Office said another man, in his late 20s, showed up at a hospital with multiple gunshot wounds. Detectives believe his shooting could be related to the boy's death on Esther Street.
Additional information has not been released by the Sheriff's Office.
Stay with WDSU-TV and WDSU.com as updates are released.
Keep up with local news, weather and current events with the WDSU app here.
Sign up for our email newsletters to get breaking news right in your inbox. Click here to sign up!


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<?php

class DateFormat {
	private $format = array();
	const types = array('SMALL','MEDIUM','LONG','FULL');

	function __construct($format=null, $type='MEDIUM') {
		$this->setformat($format,$type);
	}

	function setformat($format, $type='MEDIUM') {

		if ( is_array($format)) {
			foreach ( self::types as $t ) {
				if ( key_exists($t, $format)) {
					$this->format[$t] = $format[$t];
				}
			}
		} else {
			if ( in_array($type, self::types) ) {
				$this->format[$type] = $format;
			} else {
				throw ValidationException("invalid date type " . $type);
			}
		}
	}
}

?>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Southern AZ Eldercare is a leader in the field of in-home care, providing assistance and non-medical care services throughout southern Arizona.
It is important to retain personal freedom. We champion independence and do our utmost to help disabled adults maintain a sense of independence.
Contact our office at 520-344-7711 to discuss how our in-home care services can be of assistance to you and your family.
Military and first responders receive a discount of $1 off per hour! Contact us for more information.


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Ambrogio Levati (* 14. März 1894 in Mailand; † 8. Mai 1963 ebenda) war ein italienischer Turner.

Erfolge
Ambrogio Levati nahm 1920 an den Olympischen Spielen in Antwerpen teil. Bei diesen gehörte er zur italienischen Turnriege im Mannschaftsmehrkampf. In diesem traten fünf Mannschaften an, die aus 16 bis 24 Turnern bestehen mussten. Der Wettkampf bestand aus fünf Teildisziplinen, darunter das Reck, der Barren und das Pauschenpferd, in denen ein Maximum von 404 Punkten erzielt werden konnte. Den Italienern gelang mit 359,855 Punkten das beste Resultat aller fünf Mannschaften und sie beendeten den Wettkampf vor Belgien mit 346,765 Punkten und Frankreich mit 340,100 Punkten auf dem ersten Platz.

Levati gewann zusammen mit Arnaldo Andreoli, Ettore Bellotto, Pietro Bianchi, Fernando Bonatti, Luigi Cambiaso, Luigi Contessi, Carlo Costigliolo, Luigi Costigliolo,  Giuseppe Domenichelli, Roberto Ferrari, Carlo Fregosi, Romualdo Ghiglione, Francesco Loi, Vittorio Lucchetti, Luigi Maiocco, Ferdinando Mandrini, Lorenzo Mangiante, Antonio Marovelli,  Michele Mastromarino, Giuseppe Paris, Manlio Pastorini, Ezio Roselli, Paolo Salvi, Giovanni Tubino, Giorgio Zampori und Angelo Zorzi die Goldmedaille und wurde somit Olympiasieger.

Bei den Olympischen Spielen 1924 in Paris war Levati Reservist, kam aber nicht zum Einsatz. Nach dem Ende seiner aktiven Turnkarriere war er als Trainer und Wettkampfrichter tätig.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Turner (Italien)
Olympiasieger (Turnen)
Olympiateilnehmer (Italien)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1920
Italiener
Geboren 1894
Gestorben 1963
Mann


Software licensing is a headache and confusing strain on busy business lives. There are so many options and programs available that it can be hard to know which route to take. What's best for one business isn't necessarily best for another.
Mother is a Microsoft Partner, accredited to deliver academic licensing for schools and charities as well as for business. Whether it is a volume licensing program, Office 365 or a rental model via SPLA (our Service Providers Licensing Agreement for datacentre residents), we will advise, supply and keep you on the right side of licensing.


great memories with this album. Bought it not knowing much about the music. Discovered an amazing world.
Many joints went up in smoke all for the good!
haha, don´t know about those joints, but definitely agree on the amazing world comment!


Make a statement in a classy ethereal dress. This Long Sleeve Solid Lined Lace Dress by Scully is perfect for any season. The white lace gives this piece an angelic look while the movement of the material keeps it playful. There is a tie along the neck for an adjustable look and the dress itself has a flattering fit. Pair with heels or boots for an instant classy look!
Scully Women's Solid Lined Lace Dress is rated 1.0 out of 5 by 1.
Rated 1 out of 5 by Alison from The Ugly Dress! Regardless of how nice this dress looks online, I am so disappointed to get a dress that is so far in color... Ivory than the picture shown online. It's two different colors as you can see in the photo I took of the dress after taking it out of the bag. This is very so misleading. I was looking forward to wearing the same colored dress as shown online, which is white. I ordered a size small but it fit like an extra large. The sleeves were well past my hands and it fit very, very big and very long down to my knees. A total waste of money.


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Cellmed Donates Volleyball Team Sports Uniform To RPAZ
October 23, 2015 Gwinyai Venge
HARARE: Sport plays a very important role in people's health and organizations that allow staff to engage in sporting activities should be emulated, an official from a medical aid society, has said. Speaking during an official handover ceremony of a…
RPAZ hosts another fellow from Uganda
HARARE: The Radiation Protection Authority of Zimbabwe [RPAZ]'s leading role in regulatory activities in Africa has once again received recognition from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) which has sent in a fellow from Uganda for two months on-the job…
Inaugural Radiation Protection And Cancer Awareness Reporter Of The Year Receives Award At A Colourful Njama Ceremony
HARARE: It was a hive of activity at a local hotel in Harare last night when journalists, corporate sponsors and well wishers gathered to witness the National Journalistic and Media Awards (NJAMA) ceremony for the 2014-15 period. The Radiation Protection…
RPAZ receives uniforms for its volleyball team
October 1, 2015 Gwinyai Venge
HARARE: Sport plays a very important role in the lives of employees and organisations whose leadership spearhead sporting activities should be applauded and emulated. Speaking during a handover ceremony of volleyball team uniforms donated by telecommunications solutions company, MTPex, the…


One topic kept coming up in my class work during the first year.of my graduate study: readability. Although readability can refer to how legible handwriting or typography is, this study will refer to it only as a determination of the ease of understanding or comprehension due to the style of writing (Klare 1963, 1). A readability formula, then, would be a mathematical formula used to determine if a document could be comprehended by a given audience. In a world where thousands of dollars may be lost because of the wording of one letter or memorandum, it is vitally important that both the writer and reader of that document agree on its meaning. Therefore, readability is of major importance in my area of specialization, Business and Technical Communication. Yet the question of how to achieve that agreement between writer and reader is difficult to answer.
Vieth, Nancy Ann, "Mathematics in composition: a defense of Flesch's readability formula" (1988). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 75.


The majority of commercial Hop production is grown in Washington state, but farmers are saying that Michigan is just getting started. With all the craft brewers starting up in the state of Michigan, Empire Hops is selling a large portion of it's crop within Michigan.
Empire Orchards in Leelanau County is one of the major hops growers in our area. The farm currently grows about 54 acres but will grow at least an additional 100 acres next year. The farm started growing the crop five years ago and has seen substantial growth.
Read more from TV 9&10 News.


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Kitron Adjusts Outlook due to Lockdown in China
December 14, 2021 | Kitron
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The authorities in Ningbo, China, have imposed a lockdown in Zhenhai, one of the six districts in Ningbo, due to an outbreak of COVID-19 in the area. Kitron's facility is located in the Zhenhai district, and although there are no known cases at Kitron's facility, production was halted on December 7 due to the restrictions. The production halt is expected to last two weeks.
Kitron's other sites will not be able to compensate for the production halt in Ningbo.
For 2021, Kitron has previously indicated a revenue outlook of between NOK 3 700 and 3 900 million and an EBIT margin between 6.8 and 7.1 percent.
Revenue is now expected to between NOK 3650 and 3750 million, and EBIT is expected to be between NOK 235 and 255 million.
In the third quarter report, demand was described as very strong. This is still the case. If anything, the demand outlook has strengthened further, supporting a positive outlook for 2022, given that the supply constraints gradually ease.
The Impact of Obsolescence and Shortages on Counterfeit Risk
01/19/2022 | Vernon Densler, Sourceability N.A. LLC
While obsolescence and shortages have always been an issue, recent large-scale disruptions have made the electronic components supply chain even more volatile. Since last December, the global chip shortage has caused pricing shifts, lead time delays, and widespread stockouts. The shortage is bringing a higher-than-normal number of counterfeit parts into the supply chain. To adequately address the problem, it is important to understand its root causes, exacerbating factors, and how its impact can be avoided.
ProMetrics: An Easy, Smart Solution
Rehm's Michael Hanke speaks about the product on process and the advantages of live process monitoring with ProMetrics, Rehm's newest monitoring tool, which is brand new and unique in the market. Users say that it's easy to use and, more importantly, that it provides the security in a system they are looking for.
Mycronic is Bullish on Data-Driven Production
Nolan Johnson speaks with Mycronic's Clemens Jargon and Göran Frank about data-driven production technology and strategies. With the introduction of new data-driven software, Mycronic has made monitoring the line easier to use, faster to learn, and more purposeful. They discuss the company's plans to drive competition and improve customer engagement. "Everything in the production line needs to be rationally analyzed based on data," says Jargon. "Therefore, it is so important to collect good data, because then we can analyze it and continuously improve the performance of lines."
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