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Egypt calls for 'indefinite' ceasefire in Gaza - Daily News Egypt
Egypt Egypt calls for 'indefinite' ceasefire in Gaza
Egypt calls for 'indefinite' ceasefire in Gaza
President Al-Sisi hosted Abbas to discuss the situation in Gaza and Egypt's efforts to reach a ceasefire
Joel Gulhane August 23, 2014 Be the first to comment
(Photo Handout from the Palestinian Ministry of Interior in Gaza)
Egypt urged the Palestinians and Israelis to agree to an indefinite ceasefire and resume indirect talks following the collapse of a 24-hour ceasefire extension last Tuesday.
In contrast to previous calls for a ceasefire, the Egyptian foreign ministry called on Saturday for an open ended agreement to end the "spilling of the innocent blood of the sons of the Palestinian people and to achieve their interests and safeguard their legitimate rights".
The longest ceasefire to be agreed on by both sides and to hold was a five-day truce, which was followed by the 24-hour extension that collapsed on Tuesday.
The Egyptian foreign ministry's announcement came hours after President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi shared an "intimate" discussion on the situation in Gaza with Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas on Saturday morning.
Abbas arrived in Cairo on Friday for an official visit following meetings in Doha with Qatari Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani and Hamas political bureau chief Khaled Meshaal following the collapse of a truce between the Palestinian factions in Gaza and Israel last Tuesday.
"Wasting time is a waste of the whole cause," said Abbas, calling for a resumption of indirect talks with Israel, in a press conference following his meeting with the Egyptian president. He insisted that Hamas is "convinced" that Egypt's initiative is the only way to achieve a lasting ceasefire.
Abbas reaffirmed the need for a ceasefire, stressing: "We should not ask why this or that happened. Who did what can be discussed later. The most important thing now is to end bloodshed."
Senior Hamas member Ezzat Rishq announced on Saturday morning that Hamas signed a document calling for Abbas to pursue legal action with the International Criminal Court against Israel.
The Palestinian Authority leader was accompanied by Palestine's chief negotiator, Saeb Erekat, intelligence chief Maged Farag, and head of the cross-faction Palestinian delegation for the Gaza talks Azzam Al-Ahmad.
Abbas said he intends to meet with Arab League Secretary General Nabil El-Araby during his stay in Cairo.
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has carried out airstrikes in the densely populated Gaza Strip since the ceasefire was broken last Tuesday evening. The Israeli forces claimed on Saturday that 400 rockets had been fired from Gaza towards Israel since the collapse of the ceasefire agreement.
The latest round of fighting has seen the death toll in Gaza rise to over 2,092, including at least 478 children, according to the Gazan health ministry. On the Israeli side at least 67 have been killed, including a four-year old boy on Friday at a kindergarten. The IDF claimed the rocket was fired from a school being used as a UN shelter, but retracted the claim hours later, saying it was a "shelter maintained by Hamas authorities in Gaza".
Topics: Abbas Al-sisi Arab League Daily News Egypt DNE Egypt Gaza IDF Israel News Palestine
Joel Gulhane
Joel Gulhane is a journalist with an interest in Egyptian and regional politics. Follow him on Twitter @jgulhane
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https://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/08/23/egypt-calls-indefinite-ceasefire-gaza/
August 23, 2014 Breaking News


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Web accessibility, or eAccessibility, is the inclusive practice of ensuring there are no barriers that prevent interaction with, or access to, websites on the World Wide Web by people with physical disabilities, situational disabilities, and socio-economic restrictions on bandwidth and speed. When sites are correctly designed, developed and edited, more users have equal access to information and functionality.

For example, when a site is coded with semantically meaningful HTML, with textual equivalents provided for images and with links named meaningfully, this helps blind users using text-to-speech software and/or text-to-Braille hardware. When text and images are large and/or enlargeable, it is easier for users with poor sight to read and understand the content. When links are underlined (or otherwise differentiated) as well as colored, this ensures that color blind users will be able to notice them. When clickable links and areas are large, this helps users who cannot control a mouse with precision. When pages are not coded in a way that hinders navigation by means of the keyboard alone, or a single switch access device alone, this helps users who cannot use a mouse or even a standard keyboard. When videos are closed captioned, chaptered, or a sign language version is available, deaf and hard-of-hearing users can understand the video. When flashing effects are avoided or made optional, users prone to seizures caused by these effects are not put at risk. And when content is written in plain language and illustrated with instructional diagrams and animations, users with dyslexia and learning difficulties are better able to understand the content. When sites are correctly built and maintained, all of these users can be accommodated without decreasing the usability of the site for non-disabled users.

The needs that web accessibility aims to address include:
 Visual: Visual impairments including blindness, various common types of low vision and poor eyesight, various types of color blindness;
 Motor/mobility: e.g. difficulty or inability to use the hands, including tremors, muscle slowness, loss of fine muscle control, etc., due to conditions such as Parkinson's disease, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, stroke;
 Auditory: Deafness or hearing impairments, including individuals who are hard of hearing;
 Seizures: Photo epileptic seizures caused by visual strobe or flashing effects.
 Cognitive and intellectual: Developmental disabilities, learning difficulties (dyslexia, dyscalculia, etc.), and cognitive disabilities (PTSD, Alzheimer's) of various origins, affecting memory, attention, developmental "maturity", problem-solving and logic skills, etc.

Accessibility is not confined to the list above, rather it extends to anyone who is experiencing any permanent, temporary or situational disability. Situational disability refers to someone who may be experiencing a boundary based on the current experience. For example, a person may be situationally one-handed if they are carrying a baby. Web accessibility should be mindful of users experiencing a wide variety of barriers. According to a 2018 WebAIM global survey of web accessibility practitioners, close to 93% of survey respondents received no formal schooling on web accessibility.

Assistive technologies used for web browsing
Individuals living with a disability use assistive technologies such as the following to enable and assist web browsing:
 Screen reader software, which can read out, using synthesized speech, either selected elements of what is being displayed on the monitor (helpful for users with reading or learning difficulties), or which can read out everything that is happening on the computer (used by blind and vision impaired users).
 Braille terminals, consisting of a refreshable braille display which renders text as braille characters (usually by means of raising pegs through holes in a flat surface) and either a mainstream keyboard or a braille keyboard.
 Screen magnification software, which enlarges what is displayed on the computer monitor, making it easier to read for vision impaired users.
 Speech recognition software that can accept spoken commands to the computer, or turn dictation into grammatically correct text – useful for those who have difficulty using a mouse or a keyboard.
 Keyboard overlays, which can make typing easier or more accurate for those who have motor control difficulties.
 Access to subtitled or sign language videos for deaf people.

Guidelines on accessible web design

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines

In 1999 the Web Accessibility Initiative, a project by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), published the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 1.0.

On 11 December 2008, the WAI released the WCAG 2.0 as a Recommendation. WCAG 2.0 aims to be up to date and more technology neutral. Though web designers can choose either standard to follow, the WCAG 2.0 have been widely accepted as the definitive guidelines on how to create accessible websites. Governments are steadily adopting the WCAG 2.0 as the accessibility standard for their own websites. In 2012, the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines were also published as an ISO/IEC standard: "ISO/IEC 40500:2012: Information technology – W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0". In 2018, the WAI released the WCAG 2.1 Recommendation that extends WCAG 2.0.

Criticism of WAI guidelines
There has been some criticism of the W3C process, claiming that it does not sufficiently put the user at the heart of the process. There was a formal objection to WCAG's original claim that WCAG 2.0 will address requirements for people with learning disabilities and cognitive limitations headed by Lisa Seeman and signed by 40 organizations and people. In articles such as "WCAG 2.0: The new W3C guidelines evaluated", "To Hell with WCAG 2.0" and "Testability Costs Too Much", the WAI has been criticised for allowing WCAG 1.0 to get increasingly out of step with today's technologies and techniques for creating and consuming web content, for the slow pace of development of WCAG 2.0, for making the new guidelines difficult to navigate and understand, and other argued failings.

Essential components of web accessibility
The accessibility of websites relies on the cooperation of several components:
 content – the information in a web page or web application, including natural information (such as text, images, and sounds) and code or markup that defines structure, presentation, etc.
 web browsers, media players, and other "user agents"
 assistive technology, in some cases – screen readers, alternative keyboards, switches, scanning software, etc.
 users' knowledge, experiences, and in some cases, adaptive strategies using the web
 developers – designers, coders, authors, etc., including developers with disabilities and users who contribute content
 authoring tools – software that creates websites
 evaluation tools – web accessibility evaluation tools, HTML validators, CSS validators, etc.

Guidelines for different components

Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG)
 ATAG contains 28 checkpoints that provide guidance on:
 producing accessible output that meets standards and guidelines
 promoting the content author for accessibility-related information
 providing ways of checking and correcting inaccessible content
 integrating accessibility in the overall look and feel
 making the authoring tool itself accessible to people with disabilities

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

 WCAG 1.0: 14 guidelines that are general principles of accessible design
 WCAG 2.0: 4 principles that form the foundation for web accessibility; 12 guidelines (untestable) that are goals for which authors should aim; and 65 testable success criteria. The W3C's Techniques for WCAG 2.0 is a list of techniques that support authors to meet the guidelines and success criteria. The techniques are periodically updated whereas the principles, guidelines and success criteria are stable and do not change.

User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG)
 UAAG contains a comprehensive set of checkpoints that cover:
 access to all content
 user control over how content is rendered
 user control over the user interface
 standard programming interfaces

Web accessibility legislation
Because of the growth in internet usage and its growing importance in everyday life, countries around the world are addressing digital access issues through legislation. One approach is to protect access to websites for people with disabilities by using existing human or civil rights legislation. Some countries, like the U.S., protect access for people with disabilities through the technology procurement process. It is common for nations to support and adopt the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 by referring to the guidelines in their legislation. Compliance with web accessibility guidelines is a legal requirement primarily in North America, Europe, parts of South America and parts of Asia.

Australia
In 2000, an Australian blind man won a $20,000 court case against the Sydney Organising Committee of the Olympic Games (SOCOG). This was the first successful case under Disability Discrimination Act 1992 because SOCOG had failed to make their official website, Sydney Olympic Games, adequately accessible to blind users. The Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC) also published World Wide Web Access: Disability Discrimination Act Advisory Notes. All Governments in Australia also have policies and guidelines that require accessible public websites.

Brazil
In Brazil, the federal government published a paper with guidelines for accessibility on 18 January 2005, for public reviewing. On 14 December of the same year, the second version was published, including suggestions made to the first version of the paper. On 7 May 2007, the accessibility guidelines of the paper became compulsory to all federal websites. The current version of the paper, which follows the WCAG 2.0 guidelines, is named e-MAG, Modelo de  de Governo Eletrônico (Electronic Government Accessibility Model), and is maintained by Brazilian Ministry of Planning, Budget, and Management.

The paper can be viewed and downloaded at its official website.

Canada
In 2011, the Government of Canada began phasing in the implementation of a new set of web standards that are aimed at ensuring government websites are accessible, usable, interoperable and optimized for mobile devices. These standards replace Common Look and Feel 2.0 (CLF 2.0) Standards for the Internet.

The first of these four standards, Standard on Web Accessibility came into full effect on 31 July 2013. The Standard on Web Accessibility follows the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 AA, and contains a list of exclusions that is updated annually. It is accompanied by an explicit Assessment Methodology that helps government departments comply. The government also developed the Web Experience Toolkit (WET), a set of reusable web components for building innovative websites.  The WET helps government departments build innovative websites that are accessible, usable and interoperable and therefore comply with the government's standards. The WET toolkit is open source and available for anyone to use.

The three related web standards are:  the Standard on Optimizing Websites and Applications for Mobile Devices, the Standard on Web Usability and the Standard on Web Interoperability.

In 2019 the Government of Canada passed the Accessible Canada Act. This builds on the on provincial legislation like the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, The Accessibility for Manitobans Act and the Nova Scotia Accessibility Act.

European Union
In February 2014 a draft law was endorsed by the European Parliament stating that all websites managed by public sector bodies have to be made accessible to everyone.

A European Commission Communication on eAccessibility was published on 13 September 2005. The commission's aim to "harmonise and facilitate the public procurement of accessible ICT products and services" was embedded in a mandate issued to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in December 2005, reference M 376. A mandate is a request for the drafting and adoption of a European standard or European standardisation deliverables issued to one or more of the European standardisation organisations. Mandates are usually accepted by the standardisation organisation because they are based on preliminary consultation, although technically the organisation is independent and has a right to decline the mandate. The mandate also called for the development of an electronic toolkit for public procurers enabling them to have access to the resulting harmonised requirements. The commission also noted that the harmonised outcome, while intended for public procurement purposes, might also be useful for procurement in the private sector.

On 26 October 2016, the European Parliament approved the Web Accessibility Directive, which requires that the websites and mobile apps of public sector bodies be accessible. The relevant accessibility requirements are described in the European standard EN 301 549 V3.2.1 (published by ETSI). EU member states were expected to bring into force by 23 September 2018 laws and regulations that enforce the relevant accessibility requirements.

 websites of public sector bodies should comply by 23 September 2018;
 mobile apps by 23 June 2021.

Some categories of websites and apps are excepted from the directive, for example "websites and mobile applications of public service broadcasters and their subsidiaries".

The European Commission's "Rolling Plan for ICT Standardisation 2017" notes that ETSI standard EN 301 549 V1.1.2 will need to be updated to add accessibility requirements for mobile applications and evaluation methodologies to test compliance with the standard.

In 2019 the European Union introduced the European Accessibility Act, which is now seen as one of the leading pieces of legislation for digital accessibility.

Ireland
In Ireland, the Disability Act 2005 requires that where a public body communicates in electronic form with one or more persons, the contents of the communication must be, as far as practicable, "accessible to persons with a visual impairment to whom adaptive technology is available" (Section 28(2)). The National Disability Authority has produced a Code of Practice giving guidance to public bodies on how to meet the obligations of the Act. This is an approved code of practice and its provisions have the force of legally binding statutory obligations. It states that a public body can achieve compliance with Section 28(2) by "reviewing existing practices for electronic communications in terms of accessibility against relevant guidelines and standards", giving the example of "Double A conformance with the Web Accessibility Initiative's (WAI) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)".

Israel
The Israeli Ministry of Justice recently published regulations requiring Internet websites to comply with Israeli standard 5568, which is based on the W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0. The main differences between the Israeli standard and the W3C standard concern the requirements to provide captions and texts for audio and video media. The Israeli standards are somewhat more lenient, reflecting the current technical difficulties in providing such captions and texts in Hebrew.

Italy
In Italy, web accessibility is ruled by the so-called "Legge Stanca" (Stanca Act), formally Act n.4 of 9 January 2004, officially published on the Gazzetta Ufficiale on 17 January 2004. The original Stanca Act was based on the WCAG 1.0. On 20 March 2013 the standards required by the Stanca Act were updated to the WCAG 2.0.

Japan
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines in Japan were established in 2004 as JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) X 8341–3. JIS X 8341-3 was revised in 2010 to adopt WCAG 2.0. The new version, published by the Web Accessibility Infrastructure Commission (WAIC), has the same four principles, 12 guidelines, and 61 success criteria as WCAG 2.0 has.

Malta
In Malta Web Content Accessibility assessments were carried out by the Foundation for Information Technology Accessibility (FITA) since 2003. Until 2018, this was done in conformance with the requirements of the Equal Opportunities Act (2000) CAP 43 and applied WACG guidelines. With the advent of the EU Web Accessibility Directive the Malta Communications Authority was charged with ensuring the accessibility of online resources owned by Maltese public entities. FITA continues to provide ICT accessibility assessments to public and commercial entities, applying standard EN301549 and WCAG 2.1 as applicable.  Therefore, both the Equal Opportunities Act anti-discrimination legislation and the transposed EU Web Accessibility Directive are applicable to the Maltese scenario.

Norway
In Norway, web accessibility is a legal obligation under the Act 20 June 2008 No 42 relating to a prohibition against discrimination on the basis of disability, also known as the Anti-discrimination Accessibility Act. The Act went into force in 2009, and the Ministry of Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs [Fornyings-, administrasjons- og kirkedepartementet] published the Regulations for universal design of information and communication technology (ICT) solutions [Forskrift om universell utforming av informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologiske (IKT)-løsninger] in 2013. The regulations require compliance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0) / NS / ISO / IEC 40500: 2012, level A and AA with some exceptions. The Norwegian Agency for Public Management and eGovernment (Difi) is responsible for overseeing that ICT solutions aimed at the general public are in compliance with the legislative and regulatory requirements.

Philippines
As part of the Web Accessibility Initiatives in the Philippines, the government through the National Council for the Welfare of Disabled Persons (NCWDP) board approved the recommendation of forming an ad hoc or core group of webmasters that will help in the implementation of the Biwako Millennium Framework set by the UNESCAP.

The Philippines was also the place where the Interregional Seminar and Regional Demonstration Workshop on Accessible Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) to Persons with Disabilities was held where eleven countries from Asia – Pacific were represented. The Manila Accessible Information and Communications Technologies Design Recommendations was drafted and adopted in 2003.

Spain
In Spain, UNE 139803:2012 is the norm entrusted to regulate web accessibility. This standard is based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0.

Sweden
In Sweden, Verva, the Swedish Administrative Development Agency is responsible for a set of guidelines for Swedish public sector web sites. Through the guidelines, web accessibility is presented as an integral part of the overall development process and not as a separate issue. The Swedish guidelines contain criteria which cover the entire life cycle of a website; from its conception to the publication of live web content. These criteria address several areas which should be considered, including:
 accessibility
 usability
 web standards
 privacy issues
 information architecture
 developing content for the web
 Content Management Systems (CMS) / authoring tools selection.
 development of web content for mobile devices.

An English translation was released in April 2008: Swedish National Guidelines for Public Sector Websites. The translation is based on the latest version of Guidelines which was released in 2006.

United Kingdom
In the UK, the Equality Act 2010 does not refer explicitly to website accessibility, but makes it illegal to discriminate against people with disabilities. The Act applies to anyone providing a service; public, private and voluntary sectors. The Code of Practice: Rights of Access – Goods, Facilities, Services and Premises document published by the government's Equality and Human Rights Commission to accompany the Act does refer explicitly to websites as one of the "services to the public" which should be considered covered by the Act.

In December 2010 the UK released the standard BS 8878:2010 Web accessibility. Code of practice. This standard effectively supersedes PAS 78 (pub. 2006).  PAS 78, produced by the Disability Rights Commission and usable by disabled people. The standard has been designed to introduce non-technical professionals to improved accessibility, usability and user experience for disabled and older people. It will be especially beneficial to anyone new to this subject as it gives guidance on process, rather than on technical and design issues. BS 8878 is consistent with the Equality Act 2010 and is referenced in the UK government's e-Accessibility Action Plan as the basis of updated advice on developing accessible online services. It includes recommendations for:

 Involving disabled people in the development process and using automated tools to assist with accessibility testing
 The management of the guidance and process for upholding existing accessibility guidelines and specifications.

BS 8878 is intended for anyone responsible for the policies covering web product creation within their organization, and governance against those policies. It additionally assists people responsible for promoting and supporting equality and inclusion initiatives within organizations and people involved in the procurement, creation or training of web products and content. A summary of BS 8878 is available to help organisations better understand how the standard can help them embed accessibility and inclusive design in their business-as-usual processes.

On 28 May 2019, BS 8878 was superseded by ISO 30071-1, the international Standard that built on BS 8878 and expanded it for international use. A summary of how ISO 30071-1 relates to BS 8878 is available to help organisations understand the new Standard.

On April 9, National Rail replaced its blue and white aesthetic with a black and white theme, which was criticized for not conforming to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The company restored the blue and white theme and said it is investing in modernising its website in accords to the latest accessibility guidelines.

In 2019 new accessibility regulations came into force setting a legal duty for public sector bodies to publish accessibility statements and make their websites accessible by 23 September 2020  Accessibility statements include information about how the website was tested  and the organisation's plan to fix any accessibility problems. Statements should be published and linked to on every page on the website.

United States
In the United States, Section 508 Amendment to the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 requires all Federal agencies' electronic and information technology to be accessible to those with disabilities. Both members of the public and federal employees have the right to access this technology, such as computer hardware and software, websites, phone systems, and copiers.
Also, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability for entities receiving federal funds and has been cited in multiple lawsuits against organizations such as hospitals that receive federal funds through medicare/medicaid.

In addition, Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability.  There is some debate on the matter; multiple courts and the U.S. Department of Justice have taken the position that the ADA requires website and app operators and owners to take affirmative steps to make their websites and apps accessible to disabled persons and compatible with common assistive technologies such as the JAWS screen reader, while other courts have taken the position that the ADA does not apply online.  The U.S. Department of Justice has endorsed the WCAG2.0AA standard as an appropriate standard for accessibility in multiple settlement agreements.

Numerous lawsuits challenging websites and mobile apps on the basis of the ADA have been filed since 2017. These cases appears spurred by a 2017 case, Gil v. Winn Dixie Stores, in which a federal court in Florida ruled that Winn Dixie's website must be accessible. Around 800 cases related to web accessibility were filed in 2017, and over 2,200 were filed in 2018. Additionally, though the Justice Department had stated in 2010 that they would publish guidelines for web accessibility, they reversed this plan in 2017, also spurring legal action against inaccessible sites.

A notable lawsuit related to the ADA was filed against Domino's Pizza by a blind user who could not use Domino's mobile app. At the federal district level, the court ruled in favor of Domino's as the Justice Department had not established the guidelines for accessibility, but this was appealed to the Ninth Circuit. The Ninth Circuit overruled the district court, ruling that because Domino's is a brick-and-mortar store, which must meet the ADA, and the mobile app an extension of their services, their app must also be compliant with the ADA. Domino's petitioned to the Supreme Court, backed by many other restaurants and retail chains, arguing that this decision impacts their Due Process since disabled customers have other, more accessible means to order. In October 2019, the Supreme Court declined to hear the case, which effectively upheld the decision of the 9th Circuit Court and requires the case to be heard as it stands.

The number and cost of federal accessibility lawsuits has risen dramatically in the last few years.

Website accessibility audits
A growing number of organizations, companies and consultants offer website accessibility audits. These audits, a type of system testing, identify accessibility problems that exist within a website, and provide advice and guidance on the steps that need to be taken to correct these problems.

A range of methods are used to audit websites for accessibility:
 Automated tools are available which can identify some of the problems that are present. Depending on the tool the result may vary widely making it difficult to compare test results.
 Expert technical reviewers, knowledgeable in web design technologies and accessibility, can review a representative selection of pages and provide detailed feedback and advice based on their findings.
 User testing, usually overseen by technical experts, involves setting tasks for ordinary users to carry out on the website, and reviewing the problems these users encounter as they try to carry out the tasks.

Each of these methods has its strengths and weaknesses:
 Automated tools can process many pages in a relatively short length of time, but can only identify a limited portion of the accessibility problems that might be present in the website.
 Technical expert review will identify many of the problems that exist, but the process is time-consuming, and many websites are too large to make it possible for a person to review every page.
 User testing combines elements of usability and accessibility testing, and is valuable for identifying problems that might otherwise be overlooked, but needs to be used knowledgeably to avoid the risk of basing design decisions on one user's preferences.

Ideally, a combination of methods should be used to assess the accessibility of a website.

Remediating inaccessible websites
Once an accessibility audit has been conducted, and accessibility errors have been identified, the errors will need to be remediated in order to ensure the site is compliant with accessibility errors. The traditional way of correcting an inaccessible site is to go back into the source code, reprogram the error, and then test to make sure the bug was fixed. If the website is not scheduled to be revised in the near future, that error (and others) would remain on the site for a lengthy period of time, possibly violating accessibility guidelines. Because this is a complicated process, many website owners choose to build accessibility into a new site design or re-launch, as it can be more efficient to develop the site to comply with accessibility guidelines, rather than to remediate errors later.

With the progress in AI technology, web accessibility has become more accessible. With 3rd party addons that leverage AI and machine learning,  it is possible to offer changes to the website design without altering the source code. This way, a website can be accessible to different types of users without the need to adjust the website for every accessibility equipment.

Accessible Web applications and WAI-ARIA
For a web page to be accessible all important semantics about the page's functionality must be available so that assistive technology can understand and process the content and adapt it for the user.
However, as content becomes more and more complex, the standard HTML tags and attributes become inadequate in providing semantics reliably. Modern Web applications often apply scripts to elements to control their functionality and to enable them to act as a control or other dynamic component. These custom components or widgets do not provide a way to convey semantic information to the user agent. WAI-ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) is a specification published by the World Wide Web Consortium that specifies how to increase the accessibility of dynamic content and user interface components developed with Ajax, HTML, JavaScript and related technologies. ARIA enables accessibility by enabling the author to provide all the semantics to fully describe its supported behaviour. It also allows each element to expose its current states and properties and its relationships between other elements. Accessibility problems with the focus and tab index are also corrected.

See also
 Accessible publishing
 Augmentative and alternative communication
 Blue Beanie Day
 Computer accessibility
 Device independence
 Digital divide
 European Internet Accessibility Observatory
 Knowbility
 Maguire v Sydney Organising Committee for the Olympic Games (2000)
 Multimodal interaction
 Progressive enhancement
 Universal design
 Web Accessibility Initiative
 Web engineering
 Web interoperability
 Web literacy

References

The basic WCAG requirements – What you need to start develop with WCAG, 2018
Designing Offline-First Web Apps by Alex FeyerkeDecember 04, 2013

Further reading

External links

 How To Design For Accessibility (BBC)
 Inclusive Design Principles
 Apple Developer Accessibility Resources
 Web Accessibility Checker
 BBC GEL Technical Accessibility Guides
 Google Developer Accessibility Resources
 Microsoft Developer Accessibility Resources
 W3C WCAG Developer Accessibility Resources
 A Curated List of Awesome Accessibility Tools, Articles, and Resources

Standards and guidelines
 W3C – Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)
 W3C – Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0
 Equality and Human Rights Commission: PAS 78: a guide to good practice in commissioning accessible websites (which BS 8878 supersedes)
 European Union – Unified Web Evaluation Methodology 1.2
 University of Illinois iCITA HTML Accessibility Best Practices
 BBC GEL Product Accessibility Guidelines
 BBC GEL Subtitles (Captions) Guidelines
 BBC Editorial Accessibility Guide (Online and TV)

Accessible information
Web design
Usability

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With Eid coming near, today we are sharing one of our favourite Eid special dessert recipes, which goes by the name Sheer kurma. Out of all the milky desserts that we have tried and loved, this one stays right at the top of our favourites for being so creamy and light at the same time.
Sheer kurma recipe which also goes by the name of sheer korma or sheer khurma can be made really easily once you have collected all the essential materials. To make this milky dessert quickly, we will suggest you to soak the almonds and dry dates, beforehand, so that it can enrich the taste and give you the desired texture of the dessert recipe.
Making this dish is a simple task. Boil the milk and pressure cook the rice. To give this dessert a smooth texture, grind the rice with milk after boiling it. Add sugar and all the essential ingredients and fry the dry fruits in ghee before adding it to the kurma.
The taste of this particular dessert can be compared to a gastronomical bliss. Dry fruits fried in ghee does not only contribute to the texture of the dish but also makes it a royal dish, a classic Mughlai dessert that will make you go back in time.
To check the complete sheer kurma recipe, watch the video or simply follow the step-by-step pictorial instructions. Also, tell us about your favourite Ramadan desserts.
Tag us! Do not forget to share your recipe pictures with us by adding the hashtag #cookingwithboldskyliving or you can mention us @boldskyliving on Instagram and Facebook.
Our most favourite pictures will be reposted at the end of this week.
1. Boil the full cream milk.
2. Pressure cook the rice for 3-4 whistles and mix it with milk.
3. Grind the rice and add it to the boiled milk.
4. Stir the milk and add sugar.
5. Add raisins and dry dates and keep stirring for 5 minutes.
6. Add crushed vermicelli and let it cook for 5 minutes.
7. Take a pan and add ghee.
8. Add crushed elaichi, clove, chironji, almonds, cashews, walnuts and let it turn golden.
9. Add dry coconuts and stir for a minute.
10. Add everything to the milk and let it rest for one and a half hours.
11. Add kewra water and let it rest for 40 minutes.
12. Garnish with almonds, walnuts and makhane.
1. You can add makhane while cooking the dessert as well.
2. Adding kewra water is optional. If you prefer the dessert as it is, you need not add the kewra water.


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Axiad IDS is a Trusted Identity solutions provider for enterprise, government and financial organizations. Axiad IDS was founded by industry experts with extensive backgrounds in developing, deploying, and managing identity and access management solutions. These experts have experienced first-hand the challenges associated with implementing and managing mission- critical identity systems, and are experienced in overcoming those challenges, enabling their success. Axiad IDS is driven by its customers' business needs, addressing business objectives with innovative and cost-effective solutions. We provide a comprehensive set of services — design, implementation, post-deployment support, and management – which ensures proper assistance over the life cycle of your project.


I have used both Flavonex and Isatis Cooling along with RF Plus by NF Formulas to help with Ulcerative Colitis for the past three years. These products were recommended by my GI doctor. Since being on them I have not had a single flare up.
Flavonex™ by Health Concerns may work to maintain healthy cardiovascular function by offering support for optimal circulation.
Notably' Flavonex™ contains herbs such as salvia and ginkgo biloba that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for this purpose. For example' salvia extract (danshen) might work to alleviate certain symptoms associated with improper blood clotting because of its potential to thin the blood and inhibit platelet aggregation.
Moreover' the ginkgo extract in this supplement may act to support optimal blood flow by dilating (opening up) blood vessels while simultaneously working to make blood less sticky. As a result' Flavonex™ may help address certain symptoms associated with poor circulation in the legs.
Finally' ginkgo may work to maintain optimal cognitive function due to its potential to support circulation in the brain.
At the recommended serving size of two to three tablets three times daily' each 90-tablet bottle of Health Concerns' Flavonex™ should last for about 10 to 15 days.
Not having any Ulcerative Colitis flare ups of course.
Can't think of anything. Well other than taking a lot of pills. I take a total of 14 between the three products.


The Emeritus Society is a group of friends of Western Oregon University seeking and sharing intellectual pursuits. Affiliation with WOU is not a pre-requisite. Funds received from membership, are used to award $1,000 dollar scholarships to WOU students.
Meetings are held on the first Monday of the month at 1:30pm at Gentle House unless otherwise published.
For directions to Gentle House click here.
To join Emeritus Society or renew your membership please complete the MEMBERSHIP FORM and return to WOU Foundation, 345 N Monmouth Ave, Monmouth, OR 97361.
The Emeritus Society Newsletter is published 11 times a year and is mailed to all members. All submissions for consideration should be e-mailed to the editor by the second week of the month. Contact: Emily Lafon at lafone@wou.edu for the editor's e-mail address.
The newsletter highlights upcoming speakers and events, recaps previous activities, and provides a calendar of events and notes of interest.


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Home / News / INDONESIA: Indigenous Papuans charged with treason
INDONESIA: Indigenous Papuans charged with treason
Urgent Appeal Case |Indonesia | May 6, 2015
ISSUES: Fabrication of charges, Freedom of expression, Impunity, Indigenous people, Military, Right to fair trial, Rule of law, Threats and intimidation,
The Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) has received information regarding five indigenous Papuans charged with treason. They were arrested and detained after attending a meeting at the invitation of the Minister of Defense, Retired General Ryamizard Ryacudu. It was sponsored by the military of the province [Kodam Cenderawasih], the Papuan Regional Intelligence Office [KABINDA], and the office of National and Political Unity.
On April 8, 2015, a delegation from the Papuan Independent Committee [KIP], chaired by Mr. Drs. Lawrence Mehue, and other members namely: Mr. Drs. Don A. L. Flassy, MA, Mr. Mas Jhon Ebied Suebu, Mr. Onesimus Banundi, flew to Jakarta. They met with the Minister of Defense, Retired General Ryamizard Ryacudu. The meeting was facilitated by the Minister of Defense, and supported by Kodam Cendrawasih Papua, Kesbangpol and KABINDA.
This invitation had been coordinated by Mrs. Heny Tan Fere, a government official of Kesbangpol, plus, Mr. Guntur from Kodam Cendrawasih Papua, and Mr. Roberth from KABINDA. Mrs. Heny had been the communicator between Papua and the Government, including the Minister of Defense.
On April 9, 2015, the delegation arriving in Jakarta, were not able to meet, as the minister was attending the National Congress of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle [PDIP], with President Joko Widodo in attendance.
Subsequently, on April 10 at 2.00 pm, the delegates met with Minister Ryamizard at Wisma Menteri Pertahananat, the Guest House of the Minister of Defense. The Minister welcomed them and requested Heny to introduce all the delegates. She introduced the Papuan Independent Committee as an initiator not as a facilitator of the Federal State of the Republic of West Papua [NFRPB]. Knowing the workings of the NFRPB, the Minister, despite clarification, was offended.
Then, some documents concerning basic considerations of the NFRPB were handed over. Similar documents had previously been given to former President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and the current President Joko Widodo. Therefore, there was nothing new in the documents.
Previously, the main duty of the Minister of Defense was to manage war. But, the Minister said they currently deal with issues of humanity and peace, inside and outside the country. He cited his experience during his visit to Russia, where he introduced problems which occurred in Indonesia and Papua. Summing up, the Minister said that Indonesia and Papua should continue constructive communication through Mrs. Heni Tan Fere. He requested a photo session with the delegates after the meeting.
On April 13, 2015, the delegates flew back, arriving in Jayapura at the Sentani Papua Airport on April 14, 2015, at 07.00 am. A press conference was rescheduled to Theis Hall where many journalists were gathered, invited and mobilized by the military. Once the delegates entered the Hall, the police arrested Lawrence Mehue, Don Flassy, Mas Jhon SUebu, Ones Banundi and Heni Tan Fere.
Elias Ayakeding who was to pick up the delegates was not allowed to enter the airport. He was ordered by the chief of the Sentani police to leave. On his way home, at the street called Sentani post seven, the police arrested and transferred him to the Jayapura police station.
After the police questioned the five, they were ordered back home. Three, Don Flassy, Lawrence Mehue and Heni Tan Fere were to come back the next morning at 09.00 am. for further questioning. The other two were detained in POLDA Papua.
On April 15, 2015, a team of lawyers contacted Mr. Darma Suwandito, SIK the head of the security unit [Kasubdit Keamanan] of POLDA Papua, in regard to the legal status of the delegates. Darma explained that the police questioning will continue, and they will be charged with treason. Article 106 of the Indonesian Penal Code [KUHP] states: "The attempt undertaken with intent to bring the territory of the state wholly or partially under foreign domination or to separate part thereof, shall be punished by life imprisonment or a maximum of twenty years." They were also charged with article 55 of KUHP on participation in a punishable act.
Here are the detailed charges:
1. Mr. Drs. Don. A.L. Flassy, MA (68), charged with article 106 of KUHP and article 55, paragraph 1 and article 53, paragraph 1 of KUHP.
2. Mr. Drs. Lawrence Mehue (68), charged with article 106 of KUHP, article 55, paragraph 1 and article 53, paragraph 1 of KUHP.
3. Mr. Mas Jhon Ebied Suebu (42), charged with article 106 of KUHP and article 108 point 2 of KUHP and article 55, paragraph 1 point 1 and article 53, paragraph 1 of KUHP.
4. Mr. Onesimus Banundi (60), charged with article 106 of KUHP and article 108 point 2 of KUHP and article 55, paragraph 1, point 1 and article 53, paragraph 1 of KUHP.
5. Mr. Elias Ayakeding (41) charged with article 106 of KUHP and 160 of KUHP
At 17.30 pm on the same day, Darma informed all the delegates that they were suspects. Without any clear reasons, the police released Heni Tan Fere, but officially detained the other five Papuan's in POLDA Papua. The lawyers protested the release of Heni, arguing that she must be held accountable. This is due to her role as communicator and facilitator for the meeting of the delegates and their dialogue with the Minister. The police did not take their protest into account.
The AHRC notes that in total, five Papuans had been detained from 15-30 April 2015, released on bail, but with the questioning continuing.
Since the Indonesian Government enacted Government Regulation No. 77 of 2007, on Regional Symbols, the number of Papuans charged with treason has increased. Article 6 paragraph 4 stipulates that "The designs of a regional symbol and flag must not be in part, or as a whole, the same as the symbol and flag of any banned organizations or separatist movements within the Republic." Papuans are usually charged under the penal code and under Regulation No. 77 of 2007.
According to Papuan Human Rights Organizations, approximately sixty-seven Papuans have been charged with treason and other criminal acts due to their activities and expressions on Papuan independence. Between 2012 and 2013 the trends in charges changed. Police tended to charge activists under the criminal article of KUHP, rather than the treason article, although all their activities were political motivated
From 2004-2014, under the former President, the Government did not acknowledge that the Papuan detainees fell within the definition of political prisoners. The Government preferred to call them criminal detainees. However, he initiated a discourse on the release of detainees, but it was never executed.
Under President Joko Widodo, the Government is leaning toward the possibility of releasing all political prisoners. The AHRC appreciates the Government's initiative and the guarantee that the same charges will not re-occur in the future. This initiative can move the Papuan human rights situation forward.
Indonesia is a state party of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCPR, with the promulgation of Law No 12 in 2005. Article 19 paragraph 2 states "Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice."
The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia [UUD 1945] also guarantees such rights. Article 28 E paragraph 3 states "Every person shall have the right to the freedom to associate, to assemble and to express opinions." Indonesia also has a national law No 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, article 4 which guarantees the right to freedom of thought and conscience."
Please write to the authorities listed below, asking them to ensure that the treason law charging Papuans be rescinded. The Government of Indonesia should release all political prisoners, repeal treason articles 106-110 of the Indonesian Penal Code [KUHP], and demonstrate that it is capable of solving Papua's problems peacefully.
The five indigenous Papuan's recently charged with treason, should be unconditionally released and all questioning stopped. The Police must be aware that their coming to Jakarta for a meeting was by invitation from the Minister of Defense. Therefore, they cannot be charged with treason because they only expressed their opinions during discussions with the Minister. Freedom of opinion, thought, and expression is guaranteed under the Indonesian Constitution UUD 1945.
The AHRC has written a separate letter to the UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the rights to freedom of opinion and expression, and the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples.
Dear ………………..,
INDONESIA: Five indigenous Papuans charged with treason
1. Mr. Drs. Don. A.L. Flassy, MA (68)
2. Mr. Drs. Lawrence Mehue (68)
3. Mr. Mas Jhon Ebied Suebu (42)
4. Mr. Onesimus Banundi (60)
5. Mr. Elias Ayakeding (41)
1. Mr. Ryamizard Ryacudu, retired General and the incumbent Minister of Defense;
2. Mrs. Heni Tan Fere, a government official at the branch office of National and Political Unity Office (Kesbangpol), Papua province;
3. Mr. Robeth, of the Papuan Regional Intelligence Office [KABINDA];
4. Mr. Guntur, a soldier of the military area of the Papua province [Kodam Cenderawasih];
5. Police Area of Papua Province
Date of incident: 14 April 2015
Place of incident: Sentani Airport and Police Area of Papua [POLDA PAPUA]
I am writing to voice my deep concern regarding five indigenous Papuans charged with treason after being invited to the office of the Minister of Defense.
After the police questioned the five, they were ordered back home. Three, Don Flassy, Lawrence Mehue and Heni Tan Fere were to come back the next morning at 09.00 a.m. for further questioning. The other two were detained in POLDA Papua.
I note that, in total, five Papuans had been detained from 15-30 April 2015, released on bail, but with the questioning continuing.
I note that in total, the five Papuans had been detained between 15 until 30 April 2015, and at this moment the police have released them on bail, but the law examination processes will still be conducted.
I therefore request you to stop the examination processes and totally release all of them from any charges. The Police must aware that the five Papuans, coming to Jakarta to attend the invitation from the Minister of Defense cannot be charged with treason law, the five Papuans only express their opinion and expression during the discussion with the minister. In which, freedom of opinion, thought, and expression clearly guarantee under the Indonesian Constitution UUD 1945.
1. Mr. Joko Widodo
President of the Republic of Indonesia
Jl. Veteran No. 16
E-mail: webmaster@setneg.go.id
2. Mr. Yasonna Laoly
Minister of Law and Human Rights; and
Ministry of Law and Human Rights
Jl. HR Rasuna Said Kav. 6–7
Kuningan, Jakarta 12940
Tel: +62 21 525 3006, 525 3889
3. Dr. Mualimin Abdi SH., MH
Director General of Human Rights
Office of the Director General of Human Rights
4. Commissioner General Badroedin Haiti
Deputy National Police Chief
Jl. Trunojoyo No. 3
Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta Selatan 12110
Fax: +62 21 7220 669
E-mail: info@polri.go.id
5. Inspector General Pol Yotje Mende
The Chief of Police Area of Papua [KAPOLDA]
Jalan. Sam Ratulangi No. 8, Papua 99112
6. Mr. Tedjo Edhy Purdijatno
Chairperson of National Police Commission
Jl. Tirtayasa VII No. 20
Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta Selatan
E-mail: secretariat@kompolnas.go.id, skm@kompolnas.go.id
7. Mr. Nur Kholis
Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission
Jl. Latuharhary No. 4-B
Jakarta 10310
Tel: +62 21 392 5227-30
E-mail: info@komnas.go.id
Countries : Indonesia,
Issues : Fabrication of charges, Freedom of expression, Impunity, Indigenous people, Military, Right to fair trial, Rule of law, Threats and intimidation,
« PAKISTAN: Unknown persons assigned to silence intellectuals
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Classic Century is a true legend in our midst. For over 50 years, it has symbolized the Cross tradition of excellence. The sleek model sparked a design revolution: generations later passionate fans remain loyal to the iconic silhouette, while trendsetters appreciate its authenticity. The Classic Century features pure, quintessential Cross design and the signature Cross conical top. It is perfectly balanced for a smooth refined feel.


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Get the Fok Up!
Late Shift Cinema: Galaxy Quest
by Stephanie Ginese August 13, 2015
[intro-text size="25px"]On Tuesday night, Die Antwoord brought their deliciously lewd sideshow to the House of Blues. If you're unfamiliar with Die Antwoord, search YouTube for any one of their visually addictive, next level videos. Then I highly suggest you do yourself a favor and watch their Harmony Korine ("Kids," "Spring Breakers") directed, short film "Umshini Wam."[/intro-text]
Their sound is acid-drenched rhymes accompanied by techno synths that roll over deep booty shaking bass; rap meets dance meets world music. Ninja, a self proclaimed ugly boy with enough cool and confidence to make you wish you could be just as ugly; and Yolandi, a tiny, pale, cutely demonic, gutter fairy that commands all of your attention, along with their screw face, Henchman, DJ Hi Tek, make up the South African act. It was Die Antwoord's (The Answer in Afrikaans) first time in Cleveland, and while the show was sold out, I honestly have to wonder if they'd ever come back.
Now, before we get into the actual show, I must address the fact that it sold out rather quickly. However, it was not the fans that rushed to scoop up all the tickets but rather scalpers. One show-goer told me he paid $80 per ticket, when they were originally priced at $35. We all know how scalpers work… While it was an all ages show, I have to say that the average age of people there seemed to be around 27. I will also say, most of the time I am not a fan of the all ages events because then I just feel "too old" to be there. Still though, there was a youthful energy that seemed to be missing. I can't help but to think the inflated price of the scalped tickets kept the kids away.
[Best_Wordpress_Gallery id="6″ gal_title="Die Antwoord"]
[intro-text size="13px"]photography by Jae Andres[/intro-text]
Thankfully, Die Antwoord had enough energy for the entire room and then some. They dimmed the lights early and let a build up of occult opera music play drawing out the anticipation. The wait was finally over when an image of some emaciated, shrunken headed lord took over the screen. Dj Hi Tek walked across his table and took his place behind the decks, as the ritualistic sounds grew louder and suddenly halted only to be proceeded by the happiest, out of left field, cartoony intro. The screen projected colorful Caspers (yes, the friendly ghost…the friendliest ghost you know) ejaculating from their disproportionate male parts. Ninja took the stage rocking a Pikachu onesie, while Yolandi and 2 masked dancers followed in pastel Kawaii styled ones.
The show went from 0 to 100 in mere seconds with costume changes between most songs, and Yolandi bouncing all over the stage, yelling to the sitters in the balcony to "Get the FOK UP!" Which lazily, they didn't do. I say, if there is a tiny girl in red booty shorts with black out eyes telling you to "Get the Fok Up" in her high pitched, Afrikaan accent then you indeed need to Get the Fok Up!
The rat trap rave continued with Ninja giving the crowd a number of stage dives and more than a few looks at his bare ass. Yolandi was full of glorious, rough girl sex appeal, as she rhythmically matched her seductive backup dancers to a seemingly hypnotized crowd. They spit their way through a decent amount of songs from their 3 albums; some personal favorites were "Cookie Thumper," "Fok Julle Naaiers," and their encore of "Enter the Ninja." I mean, it was a good show. Just good though… I'd heard of previous shows on the tour containing fights, hot girls stabbing annoying moshers, and a full frontal display by Ninja, and I have to say I was disappointed at how conservative the group seemed to be in comparison. Maybe they were playing to the crowd, you know, giving what they were getting? I mean there were some crowd surfers, and 1 flowery bra thrown. But I think it's safe to say Cleveland did not leave a lasting impression on the internationally popular, Die Antwoord. There was definitely an energy missing that is present and thick when attending shows in "bigger" cities. I mean I was in the front, and not once was I pushed or even touched. No pushing, a PG amount of nudity, and I didn't see anyone being carried out. Maybe the show was fine, and my expectations were too much, maybe I've just been to one too many rowdy shows; however, I feel like if I had to pay $80 a ticket, I'd be trying to do everything in my power to make sure I had an unforgettable time. On the flip side, when you're $80 in on a Tuesday night, I'm not sure how much money is left in the budget for fun inducing substances. Look, I love Cleveland as much as the next local, but I just fear that we run the risk of missing out on more progressive acts coming through town if we can't simply "GET THE FOK UP!"
Stephanie Ginese
The weekly Politic : Dispatches from the Thunderdome


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The experience of depression
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Narrative Therapy
Narrative therapy is a type of counselling which focuses on how people view themselves. It is based on the idea that people make stories or narratives about themselves to help define and understand themselves and their life. With the help of a therapist, people explore their 'self-narratives' to identify problems and develop more helpful ways of viewing their live.
People who are depressed may hold negative views about themselves and view their life negatively. For example, they might focus only on the problems that have occurred in their lives. Narrative therapy aims to help people identify and construct stories about themselves that are more positive. This may improve their views on their lives and themselves to help boost their mood.
Is it effective?
There is very little scientific evidence on narrative therapy. One study compared narrative therapy to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in a small sample of adults with depression. Participants in this study received up to twenty sessions of either CBT or narrative therapy. Both groups of participants experienced a reduction in depression symptoms, but those who received CBT experienced a greater reduction in depression symptoms.
Another study combined narrative therapy with emotion focused therapy to treat adults with depression. Compared to a control condition, those who received the treatment had increased levels of hope and positive emotion, and decreased levels of depression and negative emotion. All participants were also taking antidepressants.
Both of the above studies only had a small number of participants. More studies of better quality are needed to better understand the effectiveness of narrative therapy for depression.
Are there any disadvantages?
Narrative therapy may involve seeing a therapist weekly for several months. It can be expensive, although in Australia Medicare provides rebates for visits to clinical psychologists, psychologists and other therapists (see below).
Narrative therapy is generally provided by therapists such as clinical psychologists, psychologists or counsellors who have been specially trained to provide this therapy (see Psychologists and other therapists). In Australia, Medicare provides rebates for visits to some therapists under the Better Access to Mental Health Care scheme. Narrative therapy is generally not as widely available as other types of psychological therapies.
There is not enough good evidence at this stage to recommend narrative therapy as a treatment for depression.
Key references
Lopes, R. T., Gonçalves, M. M., Machado, P. P. P., Sinai, D., Bento, T., & Salgado, J. (2014). Narrative Therapy vs. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for moderate depression: Empirical evidence from a controlled clinical trial. Psychotherapy Research, 24(6), 662-674.
Seo, M., Kang, H. S., Lee, Y. J., & Chae, S. M. (2015). Narrative therapy with an emotional approach for people with depression: Improved symptom and cognitive-emotional outcomes. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 22(6), 379-389.
Last reviewed and updated: 1 December 2016
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I have been an admirer of Alice Medrich's baking since I first visited her jewel of a shop Cocolat in Berkeley many years ago. I adored the beautiful elegance and deliciousness of her creations and applauded that, to my taste, they had the perfect level of sweetness. When we were speakers at the JCC in San Francisco, on book tour, I was impressed by her description of the motivation behind writing her most recent book Flavor Flours. Rather than focusing on the trendy theme of gluten intolerance, Alice went beyond it to take up the challenge of utilizing other flours to make the most of the unique flavor and texture they have to offer. We tend to think of flour as wheat in origin but actually myriad substances such as nuts rice, corn, and even seeds are considered flour when ground to flour consistency. Flour refers more particle size than to origin of ingredient. As soon as we returned from book tour, I lost no time in trying out one of the recipes whose description intrigued me the most: the Bittersweet Teff Brownies. Alice's headnote reads: "These moist and deeply chocolate brownies have a light, rather elegant melt-in-your-mouth texture. Teff flour has a nuance of cocoa flavor to start with, so it is a natural choice for brownies." And they were just as promised! The day they were baked they were quite fragile but on the second day they held together beautifully. Alice advices that the brownies can be refrigerated for up to three days but, as we were away for a week on continued tour event, we discovered that they were still fabulously moist and having found some ganache stored in the fridge, along with some caramel sauce made many months ago that still had not crystallized, they made an absolutely terrific dessert!


The Moving Forward Forum on transportation and funding issues took place in Markham on 12 May, 2012. It was co-hosted by Transport Action Ontario and the Federation of Urban Neighbourhoods (F.U.N.), an Ontario umbrella group connected with over 500 ratepayer and resident associations in Ontario.
A detailed report on the Forum is now available.


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Investigating homicide in mental health services
By Guest Author • 20/07/2017
Originally posted on Royal Society Te Apārangi's Past and Future series where, as part of 150th anniversary celebrations, early career researchers are invited to share discoveries in their fields from days gone by or give us a glimpse into where their research may take us in the future.
By Lillian Ng, Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland
In my work as a forensic psychiatrist, I frequently encounter people in prison, police stations and emergency departments who have been in and out of contact with mental health services. Sometimes I assess people who have reached a crisis point and need direct intervention to access treatment for a mental illness. In other situations, the person in front of me has committed a serious violent offence that has dramatically impacted and traumatised the lives of others. Each person's history is different; it is my role to purposefully listen, interpret and convey salient features of that person's case to my colleagues in other health, welfare, police, justice and correctional services.
Dr Lillian Ng
There are troubling features of this work. Each individual case presents intricate dilemmas or conundrums. I have spent many hours reflecting on challenging aspects of a person's diagnosis or care. This is the deep well from which I source the research questions that feed my role as an academic. This forms a productive synergy of designing research that answers questions that arise from the real world of working on the frontline of mental health services.
My pathway to doctoral research was an extension of this curiosity. I became interested in inquiries that were conducted after serious incidents such as homicide in mental health services. Inquiries following serious incidents have a myriad of purposes. They can serve to find out what happened, hold someone to account, reassure the public or potentially give families a measure of relief or resolution. When I looked more closely at the existing literature, there were missing perspectives. These were the voices of families of victims and service users and clinical staff working in psychiatric services. I reflected on what families might think about the inquiry process and how and what clinical staff can learn from inquiries.
By harnessing the perspectives of families, clinical teams in psychiatric services and members of inquiry panels through interviews, focus groups and document analysis, the question I seek to answer is what makes a good inquiry after homicide in New Zealand mental health services? A tangible output would be to develop an inquiry method, by combining these perspectives, to improve our mental health system.
The sensitive nature of researching inquiries after homicide has led to the forging of close connections with Māori and mental health researchers to ensure that cultural processes are incorporated into the study design so that families are supported to participate. As a psychiatrist, I have spoken to hundreds of families about the condition and care of their loved ones; as a researcher, I have grappled with how to be thoughtful about the process of asking families to answer questions that can potentially evoke distress. I have learnt that there is a fine line to walk between the disciplines of research and practice. For me, this involved drawing a line between my disciplines by raising the question: wouldn't it be better to ask families to participate and for them to decline, rather than not ask them at all?
The research amalgamates my clinical and investigative skills in seeking to analyse patterns of care in health systems that are inherently complex and dynamic. The analysis involves coding and careful piecing together of multiple pieces of data, mindful that evidence may be ambiguous or even absent. Interpreting the data is an iterative process and will take hundreds of hours to hone and calibrate.
This is not the only challenge. As a clinician and researcher, one of my goals is to strengthen the links between research, practice and policy. By using a bifocal lens as a researcher and practitioner, I'm also looking at a wider frame in seeking out who and what inquiries are for and a way they can be conducted to optimally learn from them. The image of prison, of watchtowers and high-wired fences, is associated with a system of incarceration. My research is connected with a larger system of care at local and national levels. Homicide envelops people in darkness. Like imprisonment, many people involved with a homicide will experience a degree of parallel mental or emotional confinement or captivity, with a sense of helplessness or even disempowerment. My hope is that this research will illuminate what is humane in my profession in providing care to service users, taking care with families and caring about frontline staff who work in mental health services.
forensic psychiatrist
About Infrequently Asked Questions
A blog that features short Q&A interviews with a wide range of New Zealand scientists and scholars working on research projects.
Get in touch with the authors
Grant Jacobs on Mosquito-borne diseases more likely to reach New Zealand
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3 years of travel wrapped into 3 minutes of superb video to invite adventure travel in all of us. Adventure can be found out our back door or halfway around the globe...its all what we make of it. Get out and experience the world that surrounds you...meet someone new, and experience a new culture.


text:
Das Pockenvirus der Hörnchen (früher Parapoxvirus der Hörnchen (wissenschaftlich ), früher  SPPV  oder  SQPV) ist ein bei manchen Arten der Hörnchen (Sciuridae) vorkommendes Virus der Familie Poxviridae. Sein Genom besteht aus einer linearen, doppelsträngigen DNA (dsDNA) von etwa 158 kbp (Kilo-Basenpaaren) Länge. Es wurde ursprünglich in die Gattung Parapoxvirus eingruppiert, einige Unterschiede im Genom führten inzwischen zur Einführung einer neue, eigenen Gattung Sciuripoxvirus.

Biologische Bedeutung
Das SPPV wird für die starke Abnahme der Tierpopulationen des Roten Europäischen Eichhörnchens (Sciurus vulgaris) in Schottland verantwortlich gemacht. Das Virus verursacht in dieser Spezies eine gefährliche generalisierte Erkrankung, während es beim nicht einheimischen, jedoch vom Menschen eingebrachten Grauhörnchen (Sciurus carolinensis) eine chronisch persistierende Infektion, jedoch keine Erkrankung hervorruft.
Das SPPV wurde sehr wahrscheinlich durch dieses nordamerikanischen Grauhörnchen in die einheimische Hörnchenpopulation verbracht. Das Virus wird durch Tröpfcheninfektion übertragen und manifestiert sich in einer erythematösen, nässenden Dermatitis mit einzelnen, ulzerierenden und blutigen Hautläsionen; diese können auch die Augen betreffen. Dieses bis mehrere Wochen andauernde Stadium ist durch geringe Nahrungsaufnahme und erheblichen Gewichtsverlust charakterisiert. Der Tod kann durch eine Sepsis oder eine erhebliche Schwächung durch Nahrungsmangel im natürlichen Umfeld eintreten, dies betrifft besonders die wichtige Zeit vor der Winterruhe.

Zur Eindämmung einer weiteren Ausbreitung des SPPV in der europäischen Eichhörnchenpopulation werden seit 2007 Keulungen der nicht-einheimischen Grauhörnchen in Schottland durchgeführt.

Quellen
 R. M. Buller et al.: Genus Parapoxvirus. In: C. M. Fauquet, M. A. Mayo et al.: Eighth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. London, San Diego 2005, S. 123 f ISBN 0-12-249951-4
 I. K. Damon: Poxviruses. In: David M. Knipe, Peter M. Howley (eds.-in-chief): Fields' Virology. 5. Auflage, 2 Bände Philadelphia 2007, Band 2, S. 2961 ISBN 0-7817-6060-7
 C. J. McInnes et al.: Genomic characterization of a novel poxvirus contributing to the decline of the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in the UK. J. Gen. Virol. (2006) 87(Pt 8): S. 2115–2125 PMID 16847106

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Squirrel parapoxvirus (NCBI)

Pockenviren
Virusspezies


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text:
MEDIA PRIMA RECEIVES GOLD AWARD AT AUSTRALASIAN REPORTING AWARDS
MEDIA PRIMA RECEIVES GOLD AWARD…
KUALA LUMPUR, 25 June 2018 – Media Prima Berhad ("Media Prima" or the "Group"), Malaysia's leading integrated media group, received a Gold Award for its Annual Report at the Australasian Reporting Awards ("ARA") Presentation Dinner in Sydney, Australia.
The Group's 2016 Annual Report, themed "Our Stories", was recognised for "Distinguished Achievement in Reporting" at the annual award event organised by the Australasian Reporting Awards Limited, an independent not-for-profit organisation run by volunteer professionals.
The award was accepted by Group Corporate Communications General Manager, Azlan Abdul Aziz, on behalf of Media Prima. It also represents the Group's second ARA recognition after receiving a Bronze Award for its 2015 Annual Report themed "Everyone Counts".
"Media Prima is very honoured to receive this recognition as we continue benchmarking our Annual Report against the best regional and global practices. This is the second year that we have submitted our Annual Report to be reviewed by ARA's panel of judges and we are proud to have made further improvements to our reporting. This recognition is a testament of the Group's commitment to remain transparent, accurate and accountable in promoting higher standards of reporting. Credit to everyone who made this award possible," said Azlan.
This year's awards saw entries from various countries including Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Qatar, Sri Lanka and Russia, which indicates the growing international status of the ARA Awards, and reflects the high standard of the adjudication process.
The top award for excellence in reporting were won by companies from the private sector, public sector and the not-for-profit sector, from Australia, Hong Kong, Malaysia and New Zealand. Other notable recipients of the 2018 ARA Gold Award include the Australian Broadcasting Corporation which also won the 2018 ARA Report of the Year.
Media Prima has won various awards for its previous Annual Reports over the past years. Azlan added that the team successfully comes up with creative ideas in putting together the Annual Report as the Group places strong emphasis in producing "best-in-class" content, products and services. Its 2017 Annual Report, themed "Our Odyssey", captures Media Prima's journey to become Malaysia's leading digital-first content and commerce company.
ARA was established in 1950 to enable companies to benchmark and improve the standards of financial reporting and communications with stakeholders in Australia. The awards is administered by volunteer professionals from the business, government and not-for-profit sectors with the support of organisations concerned with the quality of financial and business reporting. ARA's criteria have absorbed the requirements of the Global Reporting Initiative seeking to encourage companies to provide a balanced picture of their economic, environmental and social performance in their reporting to stakeholders.
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1st In large bowl, combine potato wedges, onion, carrots, olive oil, rosemary, salt and pepper until the vegetables are evenly coated with oil and spices.
2nd Spread the inside of the casserole with cooking oil sprays. Spoon the potato mixture on the inside, drizzling oil or spices in the bottom of the bowl over the top.
3rd Cook on HIGH for 3-4 hours or LOW for 6-8 hours. Have fun!
Per serving: 191 calories, 5 g protein, 35 g carbohydrates, 3.7 g fat, 0.5 g saturated fat, 0 mg cholesterol, 3.5 g fiber, 167 mg sodium. Calories from fat: 17 percent.


How absurd is it that you have to pay $$ to check your bag at the airport?
If you're like me, you want to save money and avoid the hassle of checking a huge bag.
I travel a lot for work, so I've had some time to finesse the skill of packing light.
As you've probably already noticed, I'm a shoe girl. And I can be a bit absurd.
I like to wear a different pair of sneakers everyday when I travel, but that's just not practical.
A trick I just figured out is switching out my shoelaces to alter the shoe and give your outfits a bit more pop and diversity from day to day.
Instead of bringing a few different pairs of sneakers, I only take one pair and bring along extra ribbons to switch out.
The photos above are from a trip I recently made to Salt Lake City.
You have to try this out the next time you travel– it's a real space-saver.
What a great idea to substitute ribbons for laces! I love it!
I am bookmarking this page. What a great idea!
This is one of the reasons why you are one of the coolest chicks on here!
Always fun and interesting; never too cheesy; never, ever naff!
Hey! This is why you are one of the coolest chicks on here!
Always fun and interesting; never too cheesy; never ever dull or naff!
and enter the comp! You could win £65 worth of REDROCK vouchers! You would be helping me out heaps too.
That's adorable. Just freaking adorable!
this is GENIUS! love this idea, thanks for sharing!
LOVE your photos and designs. This post is just another amazing example.
I checked out your website as well and just wanted to say, you are very talented!!
It's always sad to let go of a pair of shoes that have seen better days.
But it is nice knowing they were on your feet through so much.
Your photos and perspective are very creative. Thanks for following my blog.
thanks a million and four!
OMG! I love the ribbon lace idea! So girly. I have never thought of doing that, but I'm gonna.
it really makes a difference! and adds a bit of flair!
Very interactive blog. And the colors produced are great.


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Administrative assistant Sacro Development Corporation, Everett, Massachusetts, 1985-1986, School Volunteers for Boston, 1986-1988, Office Specialists, Boston, 1988-1990. Paralegal secretary Simeola & Simeola, Professional Corporation, Wakefield, Massachusetts, since 1990.
Lori Ann Gardin, American poet, paralegal secretary. Recipient 2d place award Milestones in Massachusetts State Representatives, Boston, 1977-1978, 1st place award Everett City Council, 1989, Merit of Honor award World of Poetry, California, 1990. Co-chairperson Celebrations Committee for City Council, Everett, 1989.
Gardin, Lori Ann was born on June 29, 1967 in Malden, Massachusetts, United States. Daughter of Carl Richard and Mary Andrea (Messina) Gardin.
Co-chairperson Celebrations Committee for City Council, Everett, 1989.
Poetry, arts, swimming, dance, cosmetology.
Recipient 2d place award Milestones in Massachu Recipient 2d place award Milestones in Massachusetts State Representatives, Boston, 1977-1978, 1st place award Everett City Council, 1989, Merit of Honor award World of Poetry, California, 1990.


I honestly don't understand his faith in the side he has picked. Tenner says he doesn't win it!
Been a bit of a bumpy start so far in the league, losing Courtinho early on and only locking up 25 points in the match just gone.
Was a very competitive league last year, well done baggiebof! are we all doing the same again? I'll be setting up another forum league for us all to join plus a head to head, not sure about the draft one though? Unless anyone is really keen for it?
Anyone fancy a bit of this to keep in touch with the prem whilst we're not there?
Can this be something ?
Excellent, I've renewed the leagues from last season, so if you redo your team with the same account you'll be automatically re added again.
I'll be in battling to retain my crown!
Who won the head to head in the end?
Anyone set this up again or are we not bothered no we're not in the league ...?
This is a few posts above, i have joined so can confirm its up and running.
Good number in the normal league so far, remember to join the head to head as well. Code is: 519850-297165. In the head to head you play against one other team from the league each week and are given win, lose and draw points with a league table. Only really works with a good few teams in it.
A better way to stop people losing interest is to have a punishment for finishing bottom. That stops people giving up if they fall behind the leaders.
What about the person that finishes bottom has to change their username to something on here? Or donate something to the forum?
One more day left to join the leagues. We're doing it through the official premier league fantasy: http://fantasy.premierleague.com it's free to join and play.
Congrats to those who picked Shaw, Pogba or Vardy!


The HTC smartwatch codenamed 'Halfbeak' is finally seen taking birth. The device has been rumored a long time in the last October and some images were also leaked at that time. Now new images of the same design have again seen on Weibo.
It has two dedicated buttons on the right side, a circular watch face without a flat tire and a rubber strap. At the back, it also has some pogo pins and heart rate sensor. It will run on latest version of Android wear and Google Play services.
We might see 'Halfbeak' smartwatch soon in MWC 2017. It may be called with some different name but it is also possible that HTC changes its design little bit.
Related 'Best Smartwatches for Women', 'Best Kids Trackers available in the market'.
What is your best Smartwatch pick? Let us know in comments.


text:
Case Study Gale
Envoy Immigration Case Studies and Customer Testimonials
Issue link: https://resources.envoyglobal.com/i/1018910
coverprevious page1
Luana Periera, GALE's Global HR Director, leads GALE's talent acquisition, growth and development, and employee engagement and retention. She knows the complexity, but importance of recruiting talent globally. "We need to bring people back and forth between different offices because then we can transfer knowledge better," she says. "We can make sure the teams have a good relationship because they can still work most of the time virtually, but having this in-person contact, it's very important." Luana has a unique perspective on the immigration process because she herself immigrated to the United States more than a decade ago and has been through the entire immigration process on a personal level. "I'm from Brazil, so I came to the United States 10 years ago," she says. "Based on my personal experience, I pretty much have been through so many different visas, and the immigration process that I have a good understanding of it." Luana originally came to the United States on an F-1 visa to study for her MBA; after graduating, she got a job in the country and switched to an H-1B visa; and she later secured a Green Card. In short, Luana has gone through many stages of the immigration process, and understands how the system works. That personal history of going through the bureaucratic process of immigration gives Luana insight into the process. She is in the perfect position to run both the administrative processes of recruiting global talent and securing immigration papers, while managing the human resources side of making sure new hires or intra-company transfers feel secure and in control, even when going through the complicated process of immigration. By working with Envoy, Luana has been able to better focus her efforts on securing the right types of visas for GALE employees. "It's important to have the big picture, or a better understanding of all different types of visas." Luana says. "At least I have the content and I have the knowledge to have a discussion, a deep discussion with your lawyers." By letting Envoy take care of the legal side of immigration and by using the tools Envoy's platform provides, GALE has improved employee education, helping them feel more supported. Previously, GALE had a difficult time keeping track of immigration procedures and requirements. "We would get all these requests for visas, and nobody understood what kind of visa they needed," Luana says. "We didn't have tracking; we didn't have anything." Envoy takes care of the paperwork and legal end, which frees Luana up to provide orientations and better communication with GALE employees. "I think Envoy helps me a lot when I have questions," Luana says. "I request a meeting with Envoy's lawyers, and that's very helpful to educate, not just myself, but all of HR." Staying up to date on every change that happens and how it affects GALE can be hard, but Luana utilizes Envoy's expertise and content to update her own knowledge. "I know when Trump is putting pressure on changing immigration, like the H-1B visa process now, but it's almost impossible for us to follow up on every single change," she says. "I like when Envoy sends me emails with news and with webinars, because then I know, 'I will watch this webinar, and then study up more about a specific change in the law.'" A PERSONAL AND UNIQUE PERSPECTIVE ON IMMIGRATION HELPING EASE THE PRESSURE OFF HR PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ALWAYS-CHANGING IMMIGRATION POLICY
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(Natural News) In the following videos, prepper and survival skills educator Mike Adams (the Health Ranger) walks you through a fuel boot replacement and basic maintenance on an EMP-proof 1970s John Deere tractor.
Because these tractors use no electronics or circuit boards, they are impervious to solar flares or EMP attacks. So knowing how to keep them running is an important preparedness skill. They also run on diesel fuel, which has excellent long-term storage properties that make it far superior to gasoline.
Modern John Deere tractors rely on complex circuitry, computers, GPS and software updates, making them horrible choices for preparedness and survival. These days, John Deere is even asserting a completely insane claim that farmers don't even own their tractors and are only "licensing" them from Deere, meaning you can't even use your own tractor without permission from the John Deere company. However, if you can find a Deere tractor from the 1970s with relatively low hours — preferably under 6,000 hours — it makes an outstanding investment for long-term preparedness.