Massively atmospheric progressive metal like you've never heard before. Fortis Amor delivers ever changing landscapes of audible pleasure. Check it out today by getting a free EP download.
With hundreds of performances under his belt, Denver songwriter KenK has emerged as a prominent live music yoga class performer in the Rocky Mtn area.
Where great melodies meet powerful leads, where odd-time signatures do not detract from your listening experience, where there is no fear to move across styles while remaining faithful to a rock core - there you will find the music of progressive rock guitarist Tommaso Zillio. Feast your ears with the new generation of progressive rock.
Are you looking for new electric guitar music? Find free electric guitar music on the site of this Belgium blues guitarist. Enjoy expressive guitar solo's that give you goosebumps.
Are you stuck learning how to play the guitar? Maybe you tried to learn before and you were overwhelmed with all of the materials you had and did not master? Maybe you were progressing too slow and just decided you had enough? This may have led you to believe you did not have the talent to learn to play the guitar. This is not the case. The key for you is finding the right teacher that will help you achieve your goals. Visit Halifax Guitar Lessons today to find a teacher that will show you how to learn to play the guitar and avoid all of those problems!!
Sie möchten lernen mit anderen zu spielen? Besuchen Sie Gruppenstunden bei Gitarrenunterricht in Zürich. Gonçalo macht Lernen einfach und bringt Spass in den Unterricht. Rufen Sie Ihn noch heute an!
A good guitar teacher knows that children learn differently than adults. A GREAT guitar teacher knows how to tailor each lesson to a student's unique style of learning! Learn more by visiting the North Vancouver Guitar School for kids.
Do you want to save yourself years of time and thousands of pounds by getting the best rock and metal guitar lessons in Larne? Teaching yourself how to play guitar is a very ineffective and time consuming way to reach your music goals. Get the help of a dedicated guitar teacher who will help you learn 5 times faster than on your own.
Looking to improve your rock guitar playing? Rock guitar lessons in College Station will develop a guitar lesson strategy designed to rapidly boost your playing skills. Whether you are a beginner, or simply having trouble taking your current skills to the next level, College Station Guitar Academy will get you the results your are seeking.
Lerne deine Lieblingssongs auf der Gitarre zu spielen und sie dir selbst beizubringen. Mit Hilfe eines großen Fundus an Leadsheets oder durch anhoeren einer Aufnahme ist das alles moeglich. Lass dir zeigen, wie dein Traum schon schnell in greifbare Naehe ruecken kann.
Curious about guitar lessons? No matter what your musical challenges are you will be able to play what you want in the shortest time possible! Become the guitarist you have always dreamed of!
Sie haben Schwierigkeiten gewisse Akkorde zu spielen? Es ist wichtig, dass man Akkorde in der richtigen Reihenfolge lernt. Gonçalo bei Gitarrenunterricht in Zürich schneidert Deine Unterrichtsstunden Deinen Zielen zu – ruf ihn doch einfach an und besprich Deine Ziele mit ihm.
Have you been playing guitar for awhile, but you feel as if you're stuck in a rut with your guitar playing? Or maybe you're just now getting started playing and you want to get started the right way. Sign up now for Maryville, TN, electric guitar lessons, so you can break through your frustrations and become the guitar player you're meant to be!
Are you sick of playing other people's music but feel like you aren't creative enough to write your own? Get professional guidance on how to be creative with guitar lessons in Salt Lake City. Contact SLC Guitar today so you can learn how to write your own songs, your own solos and your own riffs!
If you live in Moscow and want to develop your guitar playing skills but don't sure what is the right way, then you should definitely check this best guitar lessons in Moscow. This guitar teacher is really dedicated to his calling. So you will get great results in your guitar playing.
Looking for efficient and affordable acoustic guitar lessons in Omaha? Want to work with an expert who knows what he is doing and understands individuality? Then these lessons will be just what you need. With learning programs tailored to your needs and expectations, you can learn to play this marvelous instrument in no time. No more working with instructors who don not provide support or assistance.
Want to learn to play all your favorite rock songs? Hirsch Guitar Academy has the best rock guitar lessons in Ruston! Start Rocking out today!
Make your guitar into your "security blanket." Holding your guitar should be your happy place. Build a positive emotional association with your guitar, and shed the day's stress with music. Let the guitar teaching experts in Northborough can show you how!
Always wanted to play amazing solos? Well here are some amazing Lead Guitar Lessons in Shreveport! Check this out, and you'll be flying up and down that guitar in no time!
You can take the best rock guitar lessons in London. We exist to help you play the songs that you want to play. To help you be the guitar player that you want to be.
School can be frustrating and very intense. Give your teen a way to get away from the constant pressure of school and relax each week with guitar lessons in Rochester for teens. Take a look at the website to discover all the other benefits your teen will receive by taking guitar lessons.
Guitar lessons on Maui is your only logical choice if you want to take music lessons on Maui. We specialize in giving guitar players just like you as much passion and commitment as you expect from mauis leading music school. To try Maui music school out for free just head on over to mauimusicschool.com and book a free intro lesson.
Have you always wanted to play guitar but don't know how or where to begin? Guess no more! guitar lessons for beginners in Lebanon will help you achieve your musical dreams.
Become a great guitarist, even if you don't have a musical bone in your body. With these guitar lessons in Western Sydney. Clicky clicky!!
Do you aspire to be a great lead guitar player? Maybe you want to earn that coveted role in your favorite local band. Learning lead guitar is easier than you think. With Rock Guitar Lessons in Fresno you can get started on that journey.
Guitar lessons Devon, Exmouth Teaching yourself guitar is one of the hardest ways to master the guitar. You don't need to learn guitar on your own. Take lessons with Jake Willmot and you will reach your goals 5 time faster!
Looking for a community that will support your child and help them become stronger people? Looking to help your child do better in school? Well there are guitar Lessons in Rochester for kids that are designed to do just that.
Calling all Manchester NH area guitar players! Do you want to improve your guitar playing immediately? Sign up with manchester guitar lessons today for a free introductory lesson.
Practising can seem never ending. At East London Stratford Guitar Lessons. We focus on providing students with excellent take home learning so they can advance even when they are not in lessons.
If you are an experienced guitarist or are just starting out and are struggling to reach the next level, you will benefit from Guitar Instruction In Clovis. Specialized guitar training, coaching, and mentoring so you can reach the next level. Get out of that rut of playing the same old exercises and riffs and learn to be a musician with complete command of your instrument.
Cerchi un insegnate di chitarra in Ticino che sia in grado di rendere le lezioni di chitarra divertenti per tuo figlio, oltre che efficaci. Massimo Canonaco � l� insegnante di chitarra giusto per le tue esigenze. Regala a tuo figlio un ambiente di apprendimento stimolante: contatta subito Locarno Guitar Lessons.
Get a FREE guitar lesson in Auburn, NY. But most are below or average. Because you're reading this, you're not one of them. You're looking to becoming better than everyone else with guitar lessons !
Yes, we are not the only school to offer piano lessons in Edmonton, but remember that not all teachers are the same. We select our piano teachers among the best in the whole city, and we make sure that the quality of instructions in our school is superior. Book today your first free session and see it for yourself!
Are you looking for professionally conducted voice lessons Omaha ne. If so, this is the first step in a journey that will unlock a talent that you did not even imagine you had. Our vocal coaches will give you all the attention and time you need to free up your vocals and transform you into a singer good enough back up the best singers.
Are you looking for beginner guitar lessons in the Slidell, La area for your child? Call Slidell Guitar Lessons and sign up for our beginner guitarist program. It has been scientifically proven that learning the guitar or another musical instrument improves brain function and overall intelligence in children.
Kids and adults guitar lessons in Seattle Washington. Beginner to advanced are welcome. Improve you guitar playing in the very first lesson, get a clear vision of what you will really be able to do as a guitar player, and start becoming the awesome guitarist you want to be. First session is free. Contact us today for more info.
Wanting to learn guitar in Monroe, WI? You need to go to this website. The lessons are dynamic and effective at getting you to play the guitar the way you've always wanted to.
Tired of trying to find YouTube guitar lessons that don't stink? You deserve better guitar lessons. Get the guitar instruction that will get your playing going fast with beginner guitar lessons online.


text:
Home » A+E » Tinder for food? New app helps users decide where to eat
Tinder for food? New app helps users decide where to eat
By Ghezal Barghouty: barghouty.5@osu.edu	October 25, 2017	0
It's like Tinder, but for food.
A new app launching in Columbus Thursday will help indecisive eaters choose where to eat by swiping right or left on their favorite meals.
Entree helps users decide what to eat by having them swiping right or left on their favorite meals. | Credit: Courtesy of Entree.
Born out of frustration between two roommates, Entree was created as a new system to help customers find the right place to eat.
"We often fought over deciding what to eat and we used a lot of the alternatives out there like Yelp and Foursquare, and we kind of realized that the process of deciding was flawed," said Danny Tippens, co-founder of Entree.
The New Jersey natives realized that people eat with their eyes first, so rather than being shown a list of restaurants, they created an app in which users see images of food first. Tippens said this way proved to be more efficient in helping users decide where to eat.
"You open the app and you'll see images of dishes and then from there, we'll show you restaurants around you that have that dish," he said.
Once the Entree app is downloaded, users are prompted through a tutorial in which the app learns their meal preferences. From there, users are shown dishes relevant to their tastes, which Tippens said separates the app from other services that are mostly ad-based and don't cater to users' preferences.
Unlike other food apps, Tippens said, Entree is not involved in partnerships with restaurants around the city. However, the app integrates its data from Foursquare, which helps users discover and share information about local businesses and attractions.
Entree is also partnered with other services to provide an optimal food experience.
"We also have a partnership with Uber so you can get a ride to the restaurant," Tippens said. "Soon, we'll have integration with Open Table and Eat Street, so you can make reservations or get delivery."
The Columbus debut will be Entree's first major launch in the United States, apart from its test launch in the New York area, which helped Tippens and co-founder Prajoth Pattamatta create what they say is the ultimate food experience for app users.
"Right out of college I was the product manager at [American Express] and I have a strong technical background," Pattamatta said. "But that being said, learning or knowing how to build an app is very different from building the right food app, so we definitely had a lot of learning experiences along the way in terms of learning from our users based on what features they use [and] what they like."
The pair chose Columbus as a starting point because of the big-city atmosphere driven by a large university. Tippens said the app is mostly targeted toward students and young professionals.
"The reason why we decided to launch this week in Columbus is because it has a great food scene, and also this is a big weekend because Penn State and Ohio State are playing so it's obviously a huge weekend in Columbus," he said.
app Columbus Danny tippens Entree for food launch ohio state Pattamatta Penn State Tinder	2017-10-25
Ghezal Barghouty
Previous: Short North artisan waffles to make winter debut
Next: Spotlight on five immigrant-owned restaurants in Columbus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


As predicted by United Nations, around 60 percent of people will live in the urban area by 2030, which would create a new challenge for cities as the main economic generator of a nation. The tighter competition between places all around the world, including cities, regions, and province had brought Surabaya, as the second largest metropolis city in Indonesia after Jakarta, to gain a lot of attention from citizens of Indonesia due to its great improvement. Despite of that fact, Surabaya still ranks below the capital city of Indonesia, which is Jakarta, in terms of global competitiveness. Regarding this issue, this research had been conducted in order to provide insights for the government and people of Surabaya. Using the theory of Kotler's strategic place marketing and the PEST analysis tool, city offering and city brand identity is discovered through interviews with the relevant informants. In addition, a survey using Anholt's city brand hexagon model had also been done in order to capture the currrent brand image of the city. The result shows that Surabaya could win over Jakarta due to its effective branding. However, the city's promotion strategy still needs to be improved and synergy between all of the stakeholders is very necessary to maximize the city brand value.


The city of San Francisco has reached a settlement of $ 2.25 million. Two real estate owners are accused of illegally renting 14 apartments on Airbnb for nearly a year, prosecutor Dennis Herrera announced today.
Landlords Darren and Valerie Lee agreed to a fine of $ 2.25 million and agreed to an amended injunction prohibiting them from leasing at least 45 apartments in 17 buildings, which they would lease out at least until May 2025 as short-term rental properties have.
The settlement and amended injunction were filed today with the San Francisco Supreme Court. In comparison, the Lees do not admit that they have participated in a wrongdoing. Her lawyer was not immediately available for comment.
Herrera said: "This result frees up more housing for long-term tenants and stops unfair competition in the marketplace." The heavy fine is an important deterrent.
"Most importantly, we have received more than 45 housing units that can be used as living space, not as hotel rooms," he said in a statement.
Under the Municipal Code, homeowners may offer short term rentals of less than 30 days, such as those provided through Airbnb, for only one residential unit, and that unit must be the owner's own residence.
The case against Lees stems from a lawsuit filed by Herrera against the couple in 2014 for allegedly illegally converting a Clay Street property into short-term rental property after the tenants were evicted by the Ellis Act.
The lawsuit ended in 2015 in a settlement in which the Lees agreed to pay $ 276,000 and follow an injunction that prevented them from violating the city's short-term rental law for the buildings they own. to offend.
Herrera claimed in a filing in May of this year that the couple violated the law and the injunction between May 2015 and April 2016 by promoting short-term rentals for 2,851 days and 2,271 overnight stays for 1,451 units on Airbnb have profits of more than $ 700,000.
The city claimed the apartments had been leased on behalf of friends, relatives, and employees of the Lees who posed as tenants or Airbnb hosts of the units.
It was claimed that the apartments would look like tenants lived there, but each unit had the same staging with the same Costco food, the same set of breakfast dishes in the sink, the same collection of shoes and clothes in cupboards and the same houseplants.
The original target was a $ 5.5 million fine, consisting of $ 750 for each day each apartment was offered and $ 1,500 for each day an apartment was rented.
Mr. Herrera said the $ 2.25 million settlement will cover the investigation costs and finance the future enforcement of consumer protection, including the enforcement of the short-term leasing law.
The injunction filed today changes the original order of 2015.
Copyright й 2018 by Bay City News, Inc. Publishing, retransmission, or other reuse without the express written permission of Bay City News, Inc. is prohibited.


These Horse Pastoral poems are examples of Pastoral poems about Horse. These are the best examples of Pastoral Horse poems written by international poets.
The little creature knew the roads.
To focus on life's end.
Who Shall Save This World?
Who shall bring peace in this world?
Who shall end up corruption among people?
"Tis Sweetest in the Spring"
and whistle out of doors.


text:
Quentin Tarantino's Star Trek Movie Gets The Revenant Writer
by Taylor Williams
– on Dec 21, 2017
in Movies, Movie News
Quentin Tarantino's pitch for a Star Trek film was fast-tracked to Paramount's writers' room earlier this month, and it appears the film has now found its screenwriter in Mark L. Smith, best known for penning The Revenant. Smith will write the script while Tarantino continues work on his current project about the Manson family murders in the '60s.
Smith was considered the favorite when news about Tarantino's pitch first surfaced, with Lindsey Beer, Drew Pearce and Megan Amram also being considered, Deadline reports. Tarantino is slated to direct the film, which will be co-produced by J.J. Abrams. Smith worked with Abrams' Bad Robot Productions on the upcoming horror film Overlord, which will be released in 2018.
RELATED: Quentin Tarantino Is Exactly What Star Trek Needs Right Now
Tarantino discussed his love for certain Star Trek episodes in September when he appeared as a guest on the Nerdist podcast, mentioning that it would be easy to expand one of the classic episodes to a feature length and do some really "amazing, amazing stuff."
A couple of the episodes Tarantino had in mind include "City on the Edge of Forever," which sees the crew of the Enterprise sent back to 1930s New York, and "Yesterday's Enterprise," which has the crew from Star Trek: The Next Generation flung into the past where the United Federation of Planets is at war with the Klingons.
Should the proposed film expand on The Next Generation, Patrick Stewart has expressed interest in returning, should Tarantino ask. No matter what material Tarantino chooses to adapt, the film will be rated R. Additional details will emerge as the proposed film moves closer to production.
Tags: star trek
Crazy Rich Asians Star Has a Suggestion for Marvel's Shang-Chi Movie
More in Movies
Avengers: Endgame Directors Launch We Love You 3000 Tour
Narayan Liu
Marvel EP Impersonated By Hollywood Con Artist in Elaborate Scam
Avengers: Infinity War - Tom Holland Reveals Details of Crazy Cut Scene
Endgame: Dave Bautista Reveals One Reason Drax Is 'Unsatisfied' With Ending


The free online Average Calculator will calculate the average of any group of numbers. Annuity Calculator - Like the Retirement Withdrawal Calculator except that you enter the years you want the nest egg to last and it calculates the withdrawal amount.
Captive Agents, the Forgotten People! In the US, many companies match an employees retirement deferral up to a certain percent.
This article shows that there is. Use the 401k Calculator to track your 401k 401k Calculator Excel Template 401k Calculator is an excel template that helps you to calculate the total amount of money you could save during until your retirement age. But if you want to know the exact formula for calculating 401k distribution then please check out the " Formula" box above. Click Here For Download Page.
The reason this is true is that 401k Plan Custodians are inherently excessively conservative thus all 401k Plan fund lists contain broad asset class funds , such as US Large Cap, index funds EAFA. The Pralana Retirement Calculator is a newcomer with extensive modeling capabilities including three simulations: fixed rate Monte Carlo historical. " NAAFA is again honoring agents' requests to remain anonymous out of fear of retribution regarding this article but we think this is perhaps one of the best letters we have received which summarizes the position fate of all captive agents in America. Download 401k distribution formula.
* FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Download 401k distribution formula. • How to Build a 401k Strategy - Just 8 Simple Rules! Everyone has an opinion but nobody has a definitive answer.
Simply enter in as long of a string of numbers to average that you like into the box separate the numbers by a comma then press calculate to get the average of all of the numbers. 5 Year Projections This worksheet estimates the key financial figures for a company over five years. Here is the list of words starting with Letter D in.
Employers have been allowed to amend their 401( k) plan document to allow employees to elect Roth IRA type tax treatment LTA AIRLINES — THE INDUSTRY LEADER? Mandatory 401( k) withdrawals at age 70 1/ 2 are calculated by dividing the balance in the 401( k) account on December 31 of the previous year by the life expectancy of the account holder, known as required minimum distributions reports a free 401k calculator spreadsheet for calculating your 401k retirement savings. Choosing to take only the required minimum distribution ensures that you pay the minimum tax, but participants may also take more.
The author' s views are entirely his her own ( excluding the unlikely event of hypnosis) may not always reflect the views of Moz. Are the links below not specific enough? The projections include abbreviated income cash flow statements a balance sheet. All of our Listed 401k Strategies were built with the simple rules listed below — you can too with no prior experience!
So if you make $ 100 they are all self- employment taxes. WHEN IT COMES TO WAGES FAIR TREATMENT TOWARDS THEIR EMPLOYEES THEY ARE FAR FROM THE INDUSTRY LEADER In, BENEFITS Delta Airlines was the industry leader with $ 4. Followed by American Airlines with $ 2.
Traditional IRA or Roth IRA – Which one should you contribute to? I hope this book does justice to his investing principles and. The IRS requires that all 401( k) participants make annual withdrawals once they reach age 70 1/ 2.
CHAPTER 7 401K DETERMINATION ISSUES Page 7- 1 CHAPTER 7 401k determination issues By George Drosehn ( MidAtlantic) John Gray ( this video we' ll look at how to build a formula that calculates a 401k match using several nested IF statements. A troubled debt restructuring ( TDR) is defined as a debt restructuring in which a creditor for economic , legal reasons related to a debtor' s financial difficulties grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider.
Typically, these factors are either related to the content of a webpage equently Asked Questions. In other words if you make a sale for $ 200 your commission is 3% your commission would be $ 200 *. The IRS calculates your life expectancy for IRA distribution purposes in Appendix C of IRS Publication 590. Jan 29 · Get the latest headlines on Wall Street , money news, personal finance, international economies the stock market indexes including Dow.
Once you reach the age of 70 1/ 2, you must take IRA distributions at least annually based on your life expectancy. 5 Year Projections - This worksheet estimates the key financial figures for a company over five years. Click Here To Open 7 Year Balloon Loan Amortization - This worksheet calculates monthly loan payments and prepares an amortization schedule for a 7 year balloon mission Formula: You can calculator your commission by multiplying the sale amount by the commission percentage.
Although I never met him he has taught me more about stock trading investing than anyone else. Bottom line savings is about 8- 10% of your net business income after expenses.
401k Calculator - Estimate how your 401( k) account will grow over time. Download 401k distribution formula.
Note: If your employer matches a portion of your contributions these employer contributions are also pre- tax but they do not affect the $ 19 000 annual personal limit. This book is dedicated to my stock trading mentor, Nicolas Darvas. 7 billion and United Airlines with $ 2. Google uses a multitude of factors to determine how to rank search engine results.
The Little Book That Still Beats the Market and millions of other books are available for Amazon Kindle. How I Made Money Using the Nicolas Darvas System Which Made Him $ 2 000 in the Stock Market [ Steve Burns] on. IRA Required Minimum Distribution Worksheet Use this worksheet to figure this year' s required withdrawal for your traditional IRA UNLESS your spouse1 is the sole beneficiary of your IRA he she is more than 10 years younger.
Money Mustache entrepreneurial ideas that help you make money, lifestyle changes that save money, we talk about all sorts of fancy stuff like investment fundamentals philosophy that allows you to make these changes a positive thing instead of a sacrifice. 3 billion in net profits for the year. 4 billion in net profits.
Cumberland County Tax Bureau serves as the Earned Income Tax the West Shore School District in northern York County , Local Services Tax Collector for all of Cumberland County the Shippensburg Area School District in eastern Franklin County. Let' s be honest - sometimes the best 401k distribution calculator is the one that is easy to use and doesn' t require us to even know what the 401k distribution formula is in the first place!
Consider searching this page by holding Ctrl+ F on your keyboard ( Command+ F for Mac computers) and typing the word/ phrase best corresponding to your inquiry. The limit on the amount of pre- tax 401( k) contributions you can make in is $ 19, 000. Financial planning software personal finance software, investors, investment software for consumers, financial advisers investment managers.
Download 401k distribution formula. A 401k Retirement Plan is a savings and investing plan offered by employers to his employees that gives a tax break on money they set aside for retirement.
6/ 17/ k) Plan Fix- It Guide Mistake Find the Mistake Fix the Mistake Avoid the Mistake 1) You haven' t updated your plan document within the past few years. The General Rule.
This is the method generally used to determine the tax treatment of pension and annuity income from nonqualified plans ( including commercial annuities). Why is a Special Type of Order Required to Distribute Pensions and Other Types of Retirement Plans?
Are Pension Plans, Profit Sharing, 401k' s and other Plans Subject to Distribution in Divorce by virtue of State Divorce Laws?
The Roth 401( k) is a type of retirement savings plan. It was authorized by the United States Congress under the Internal Revenue Code, section 402A, and represents a unique combination of features of the Roth IRA and a traditional 401( k) plan.


A 22-year-old tourist from Tamil Nadu died and another teenager from Handwara was injured on Monday after stone-pelters targeted their bus no the Srinagar-Gulmarg road near Narbal in Badgam on Monday.
The victim, identified as 22-yearold Chennai resident R Thirumani, suffered head injuries during the attack which took place around 9 am.
Jammu and Kashmir chief minister Mehbooba Mufti visited the parents of the victim at the hospital in Soura. "My head hangs in shame… It is very sad and heart-breaking," she said after meeting them.


Books are nice to look at, but they are meant to be read! Please join us in uncovering some of the treasures in The Book Lovers artist novel collection from M HKA (Museum of Contemporary Art in Antwerp, Belgium) at EFA Project Space. Michelle Levy hosts an evening of reading, spontaneous interpretation, and plain old fun. Guests will get a quick tour of the show, then will have the opportunity to select a novel to read from the library on view. In addition to the novel you choose, you will have access to the database to gain more background on the artist/author and discover how the novel relates to his/her larger body of work.
After an hour of reading silently... together, we will regroup (with some snacks and drinks) and collectively share and discuss what we have discovered, each reader playing emissary for the book you have read. The goal is to leave with a deeper understanding of the artist novel library, the many ways the fiction novel format may be co-opted by artists, and perhaps a few new books to add to your reading list.


FABULOUS NEW ITEMS IN THE SHOP! HAPPY SPRING!
Home > Products > BEACH DAY SEA GLASS EARRINGS - NEW!
BEACH DAY SEA GLASS EARRINGS - NEW!
Perfect for that summer dress! Made of tumbled sea glass - recycled glass that is melted and formed, then tumbled in sand to give a lovely satin finish. . .
This item can also be sent in gift box with gift card at no extra charge! Simply type your gift card message on the checkout page.


Negócios Magazine is a source of news for business interest in Mozambique.
We publish news and analysis on business, politics and the economy in Mozambique.
For this event Negócios Magazine will publish a special edition with news, insights and interviews in oil and gas cluster. The printed version will also be available in the summit.
Are you a Media Company and interested in partnering with Mozambique's most established gas conference?


Belaine Tomas Cadiz, 87, of Kukuihaele, Hawaii, a retired candy maker for the former Hawaiian Holiday Macadamia Nut Co. and a fieldworker for the former Hamakua Sugar Co., died at home. She was born in Kukuihaele. She is survived by son Raynold, daughters Priscilla Cadiz-Ritchey and Donna Cadiz-Hokutan, and two grandchildren. Visitation: 9 a.m. Saturday at Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church in Honokaa, Hawaii. Mass: 11 a.m. Burial to follow at Honokaa Catholic Cemetery. Aloha attire.


"Offsets impose a hegemonic view on how to perceive the world. A world where nature, biodiversity, forests, and rivers, can be separated, and quantified into homogenous units that can be 're-created', 'replaced', 'moved' or 'restored' according to economic and cost related 'values'. In this world, extractive industries, large scale infrastructure and monoculture tree plantations can continue their social, environmental and climatic destruction while selling themselves as 'green' and 'sustainable'."
African Agricultural Growth Corridors: Who benefits, who loses?
"The African Court of Human and Peoples' Rights has found that the Kenyan Government violated articles of the African Charter in a long-standing land rights case. The significant ruling sends an unmistakable message that indigenous land rights be respected."
"The research is part of a three year multicountry programme looking at the impacts of the Green Revolution on small-scale farmers in southern Africa with a particular focus on seed and soil fertility.
The research focuses on the Beira Corridor, in particular Manica and Sofala provinces."
imagination, Cargill and other food giants are pushing deeper into the wilderness.
"The film explores the history and consequences of one of the world's most controversial dam projects, built on the Xingu River in the heart of the Brazilian Amazon ... the struggle for justice and accountability for crimes committed by dam builders continues, and ... the Amazon faces more dam threats similar to Belo Monte."
"Do you want to destroy a piece of rain forest in the South of Madagascar to make way for a productive ilmenite mine? You can do that; you just need to recreate, or sometimes simply preserve, a natural habitat in another part of the country or planet that has the same characteristics of the one destroyed."
"This letter is from a group of concerned organisations and individuals who believe that legislation on biodiversity offsetting being considered by the European Commission would harm nature and people, and would give power to those who destroy nature for private profit. The signatories ask for all plans on offsetting to be dropped."
"The Brazilian Catholic Church's Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) recently released a study of 30 years of conflicts in Brazil over access to land, water and worker rights. It found an overall decrease in clashes over the past 10 years due to decreasing poverty rates thanks to an increased minimum wage and other programs like the Bolsa Familia that provide support to low income families. Despite this good news, the study also notes that Brazil, which holds 12 percent of the world's fresh water, has seen a growth in the number of conflicts over water, especially in urban areas."
"This scathing exposé reveals how Green Resources, a Norwegian industrial forestry and carbon offset project, continues to undermine food security and livelihoods by excluding people from their own land in Kachung, Uganda. The project, supported by a number of international financial institutions, illustrates how climate change is increasingly misused as a pretext to impose a new form of colonialism in Africa."
"Yet, instead of focusing on how to protect humanity from the threats associated with continued fossil fuel use, most official approaches to climate change are focused on how to protect the use of fossil fuels by a broad range of industrial, transport, and service corporations from peoples' concerns about global warming. For almost all of the world's governments, fossil fuels are too important for their power, profits, and paradigms ..."
Also, read Chris Lang's latest report on the conflictual REDD+ projects on indigenous territories. These continue to push for false solutions to global warming and use the lands of tradition peoples for "carbon" commodification profiteering.
"This report launches a Global Call to Action on Indigenous and Community Land Rights, backed by more than 300 organizations all over the world. It is a manifesto of solidarity with the ongoing struggles of indigenous peoples and local communities seeking to secure their land rights once and for all."
"The World Bank's 'Doing Business' rankings ... score countries according to the ease of doing business. More than ten years after its launch, evidence shows that the index's push for liberal reforms, creation of land markets, adoption of investor-friendly regulations, and suppression of trade barriers has provided the intellectual and structural framework that facilitates the trend of large-scale land grabs in developing countries. "
"A Brazilian businessman involved in the acquisition of farmland by US, Canadian, German and Swedish pension funds could face criminal charges for land grabbing."
"We, civil society organizations engaged in the defense of the rights to land and water, we gathered in Dakar in the framework of the Africa Social Forum fighting and protesting against natural resources grabbing, namely water and land grabbing, and against the systematic violations of the human rights that accompany them."
"This report looks at known killings of people defending environmental and land rights. It identifies a clear rise in such deaths from 2002 and 2013 as competition for natural resources intensifies. In the most comprehensive global analysis of the problem on record, we have found that at least 908 people have died in this time." "25 years after the assassination of forest activist Chico Mendes, Brazil is the most dangerous place to be an environmental and land defender."
"We recognize that land grabbing – as well as the structural issues that are tied to it – and just governance commit us to walk together from grassroots to global level. From an African perspective land is something sacred and we believe that an important part of any future success in our fight against land grabbing lies in our ability to build deep connections with our land."
"The call for an economic valuation of nature is linked to the demand for a more flexible implementation of environmental laws and regulations. This approach particularly benefits sectors with business models that require the exploitation of nature."
"Driven by everything from rising food prices to growing demand for biofuel, the financial sector is taking an interest in farmland as never before. As the Oakland Institute reported in 2012, a new generation of institutional investors--including hedge funds, private equity, pension funds, and university endowments—is eager to capitalize on global farmland as a new and highly desirable asset class."
"We are united to oppose and reject the commodification, privatisation and plunder of Nature, which include REDD+ and other market-based mechanisms including biodiversity and conservation offsets that put profit above the well being of humanity and the planet."
"This study highlights the role of European Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) in possible land grabs and questionable forestry projects in Africa. It documents nine such cases involving eight of the European DFIs. It raises the need for more independent research into these projects and for much more scrutiny of DFI investment portfolios, both by DFIs themselves and national parliaments."
"The 20th anniversary of the International Day of Peasants' and Farmers' Struggle was marked on 17 Apr 2016 – a date that highlights the persecution and violence suffered by peasants and farmers around the world."
"Since the global food crisis of 2008, there has been a massive wave of private sector investment in agriculture. The G8, the World Bank and corporate investors say more money flowing into agriculture means innovation, jobs and more food for a hungry planet. But examining the investments made by one of the most active private sector players in the global rush to acquire farmland – Indian billionaire Chinnakannan Sivasankaran – a worrying picture emerges."
"While claiming to promote food security and benefit small farmers, Grow's focus on a small number of high-value commodities exposes the programme's real objective: to expand production of a handful of commodities to profit a handful of corporations."
"Harvard's farmland acquisitions were undertaken without proper due diligence and have contributed to the displacement and harassment of traditional communities, environmental destruction and conflicts over water. The consequences of these deals are particularly dire in Brazil, where Harvard's endowment fund has acquired nearly 300,000 hectares of land in the Cerrado (740 thousand acres), the world's most biodiverse savannah."
"Dominion Farms arrived in Kenya's Yala Swamp basin in 2004 with big promises. The company claimed it would turn a defunct state demonstration farm into a modern rice plantation, provide locals with good jobs, and build hospitals and schools ... But a decade later, the communities have harvested nothing but hardship."
"The Baka and Bayaka 'Pygmies,' like dozens of other rainforest tribes in the Congo Basin, are being illegally evicted from their ancestral homelands in the name of conservation. National parks and other protected areas have been imposed on their lands without their consent, often with little or no consultation. Some of the world's largest conservation organizations, principally the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), were the key players involved in this carve-up of indigenous lands."
"It is commonly heard today that small farmers produce most of the world's food. But how many of us realise that they are doing this with less than a quarter of the world's farmland, and that even this meagre share is shrinking fast?"
Research recently carried out by the Brazilian Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) and the Socio-Environmental Institute (ISA) in 19 Yanomani and Ye'wana villages, has revealed that up to 92% of indigenous peoples living close to mining areas suffer from mercury contamination. The cause of the contamination is the continuous gold mining taking place illegally inside indigenous reservations. Mercury pollution has made its way into the amazonian eco-system and is poisoning the food chain of these traditional peoples. The toxic lecacy of mercury can continue for thousands of years.
"As this report will show, when you scratch the surface, you find that TIAA's portfolios do not entirely reflect its responsible investment approach. Through the index funds it makes available to clients, TIAA has at least $172 million exposed to the global palm oil sector, including shares in companies widely known to drive gross deforestation, species extinction, land grabbing and human rights abuses."
It's Time to Outlaw Land Grabbing, Not to Make it Responsible!
Key Arguments Against "Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation"
"The 50 million people that the G8 New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition claims to be lifting out of poverty will only be allowed to escape poverty and hunger if they abandon their traditional rights and practices and buy their life saving seeds every year from the corporations lined up behind the G8."
"European and US development funds are bankrolling palm oil company Feronia Inc despite land and labour conflicts at its plantations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)."
"This report looks at the companies already setting up agribusiness operations in the Nacala Corridor, an area that the government has prioritised for agribusiness development. These companies, typically structured through offshore tax havens and often connected to Mozambican political elites, have been grabbing lands and extracting wealth in ways reminiscent of the country's colonial days."
"Large reductions of deforestation in the last decade open up opportunities for an alternative model based on seeing the Amazon as a global public good of biological assets for the creation of high-value products and ecosystem services."
"The investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) clause present in many trade treaties give investors far-reaching protection, curtailing governments' ability to regulate for progressive agrarian and agricultural policies and reinforcing the notion of land as a commodity."
"... this publication dismantles the many myths promoted by so-called donor countries, development agencies, and corporations about the positive effects of foreign direct investments through large-scale land acquisitions."
"If the value of nature is expressed in purely monetary terms there is a high risk that nature can then be legitimately destroyed as long as a payment is made, often with a promise that nature will be protected or created elsewhere through offsetting schemes. In short, a monetary value can be all too easily transformed into a price."
"Ten African countries have signed up to the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition – the G8 countries' main strategy for supporting agriculture in Africa that was launched in 2012 .... This briefing ... shows that some large companies involved in the New Alliance are already accused of taking part in land grabs in some countries. It also presents new research to argue that the initiative is further increasing the risk of rural communities losing their access to and control over land to large investors, largely through policy commitments on land titling and land reform."
"This website aims to publish information on REDD and REDD type projects in Africa as well as promote serious discussion on the issues related to REDD and Carbon market with focus in Africa. The website is run by the NO REDD in Africa Network (NRAN) a collective of African Organizations and individuals that oppose REDD and see it as false solution to Climate Change."
"Christian Poirier of Amazon Watch said Temer's decision had to be seen in the context of wider efforts by his government to erode protected areas, weaken environmental licensing, and diminish indigenous rights in the interests of wealthy supporters in the extractive industries."
"The Pan-Amazonian Ecclesial Network publicly condemns the anti-democratic announcement of the highly damaging Presidential decree, which extinguishes the National RENCA."
"Letter from a group of concerned organisations and individuals who believe that legislation on biodiversity offsetting being considered by the European Commission would harm nature and people, and would give power to those who destroy nature for private profit."
"December 11th marks ten years since the FCPF was formally launched at the UN climate conference in Bali with the aim of establishing a market-based system for paying countries in the Global South to prevent carbon emissions from forest loss. Yet, despite mobilizing commitments and contributions from donors such as the governments of Norway, UK and Germany totalling more than US$1.1 billion1 , the FCPF cannot point to a single gram of carbon that it has saved nor any emissions reductions payments that have yet been made. Meanwhile, FCPF's accounts show an astonishing level of non-productive administrative costs."
"Farming land cannot become an accounting tool for managing the climate crisis. It is fundamental to around a billion people in the world who are working towards food sovereignty, an inalienable right of people who have already been harmed enough."
"The	purpose	of	this	SCB	position	statement	is	to ... highlight	the	rapid	and	unsustainable	destruction	of	forests	due	to	industrial	oil	palm	expansion	in	West	and	Central	Africa,	and	the	role	of	oil	palm	expansion	in	the	attrition	of	biodiversity	including	flagship	species	such	as	apes,	as	well	as	associated	human	health	and	economic	implications. This	is	a	call	on	African	governments,	policy	makers	and	societies	to	formulate	effective	policies	that	support	ecological	sustainability	of	African	equatorial	forests."
"Forests and communities in this region face enormous threats, notably from destructive development models which often squander natural resources while having severe negative impacts on local populations. These threats are escalating ..."
"In many places where forest carbon projects are implemented, traditional forest use has been blamed for forest loss while the drivers of large-scale deforestation remain unaddressed – and deforestation and the emissions associated with it continue."
"REDD+ proposals deepen the privatization of forests and territories, since they consider the only value of forests to be their capacity to absorb carbon, which can then be appropriated by private actors or those external to forests ... REDD+ increases violence towards collective land ownership, the forests of Central American communities, and the right to consultation and self-determination of peoples."
[Note: The now commonly used term REDD + "goes beyond deforestation and forest degradation, and includes the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks"] See UN-REDD Programme.
"The Rio de Janeiro Green Exchange (Bolsa Verde do Rio de Janeiro, BVRio) is a market for trading "environmental assets", including carbon credits, forest credits, industrial effluent credits, tire disposal credits, and recycling credits."
"Communities that were struggling already before are now facing an increased risk of hunger and deprivation as a direct result of a biodiversity offset benefiting one of the world's largest mining corporations. Rio Tinto claims that the ilmenite mine has come "at the rescue of the unique biodiversity of the littoral zone of Fort Dauphin". This is despite the fact that a large portion of the 1,650 hectares of a rare littoral forest inside the mining concession will be destroyed during mining."
Rural communities in the Bagamoyo district of Tanzania are opposing a much-lauded sugar cane plantation project planned by EcoEnergy, a Swedish-owned company that has secured a lease of over 20,000 hectares of land for the next 99 years and which is about to push smallholder producers off their land.
"LifeMosaic produces and co-ordinates the distribution of educational resources for indigenous peoples. Resources are primarily based on community testimonies; they present complex issues in an accessible and engaging way; and support indigenous peoples right to free, prior and informed consent."
This report "debunks popular claims that carbon trading represents a 'win-win' for rural communities and the environment ... Firsthand accounts from Uganda reveal that villagers living in and around land concessions acquired by Green Resources, a Norwegian company implementing forestry-based carbon offset projects, have experienced forced evictions and restricted access to land and food, in addition to loss of livelihood—all in the name of green investment.
"A better way to start to understand land grabbing is through the lens of political economy. From this perspective, land grabbing is essentially control grabbing. It refers to the capturing of power to control land and other associated resources like water, minerals or forests, in order to control the benefits of its use .... land grabbing is inherently political, since what is at stake is the power to decide how and for what purposes the land and water can be used now and in the future. From this perspective, land grabs that are made more transparent are, in the end, still land grabs."
"In many of the world's poorest countries, vast tracts of land are being sold or leased under long-term deals to domestic and multinational companies and foreign governments looking to secure farmland for commercial agriculture, timber, energy or mining projects, or simply as an asset ... these land deals are characterised by lack of transparency, consultation and adverse human rights effects. In many instances these deals are happening with the backing of governments, international agencies and	multilateral	financial  institutions."
"Now that various REDD readiness and REDD projects have been underway for some time, we can see that ... REDD is a risky and false solution to climate change, both in theory and in practice."
"This new indicator comes as large-scale land acquisitions in the developing world have intensified over the past ten years. In most instances, they have involved forced evictions, widespread human rights violations, environmental degradation, increased food insecurity, and the destruction of livelihoods."
Visit Oakland Institute for African country-specific reports on this topic.
"In March 2015, the World Bank presented a report that will help mining companies operating in Liberia present themselves as saviours of biodiversity even though their operations will continue to destroy some of the country's most biodiverse forests."


Thank you for becoming so many! I really look forward meeting you all at some point, and hope in the meantime my sewing news will bring a bit of joy into your email box!
Have you witnessed what has been happening?
Lambs are wailing, birds are twittering away in the early hours of the morning, and my cat has resumed her daily sleep to only 16 hours…. Yep! it's the long time no see ol' spring!
Before we get the full benefit of the changing season I thought we could give nature some encouragement!
Join me on this fun and creative day, learning how to turn fabric scraps into beautiful flowers!
You will learn various effective techniques to make flowers and take your designs further by making a final arrangement, as headpiece, flower bouquet, or brooch.
…to make our dearly loved mothers some handmade presents (mother's day is on the 30th of march)!
…To welcome the spring back in!
By the end of the week, I will send you some fresh new dates for my next sewing courses and workshops….


Recognizes accredited academic learning institutions that have partnered with an organization in the past year to develop skills, competency or knowledge in a general employee population.
Technology has enabled higher education to become more accessible, and the need for customization spurred a close-knit partnership between Accenture and French graduate business school INSEAD to launch one of the first company-specific online learning programs for strategists: the Accenture-INSEAD Online Strategy Certificate Programme. The 24-week course includes video lectures, online quizzes and simulated client engagements.
The online program allows the company's strategists to learn at their own pace without disrupting workflows. Virtual study groups and discussion forums also help to integrate Accenture's increasingly diverse workforce and ensure consistent client experiences.
The content covers business strategy, financial acumen and decision-making, communication and C-suite dynamics.
Piloted in 2015, 1,100 employees have since enrolled and more than 90 percent have completed at least one module. Strategists interviewed said the content was directly relevant to their jobs, and that the program design was engaging and promoted collaboration. The program is currently on schedule to reach 4,000 participants by 2018.
Faced with changing federal regulations and decreased funding, Penn State Hershey partnered with Penn State Executive programs to design and pilot a learning initiative to improve organizational performance and collaboration.
The Penn State Hershey Leadership Academy teaches medical professionals key business skills, such as financial decision-making, strategy formulation, negotiation and partner outreach. Taught by Smeal Faculty and senior PSH leaders, the weeklong session also addresses industry forces shaping the health care system. Selected participants assess their own units and, applying the concepts they've learned, develop strategic plans to solve identified challenges.


BELMONT, N.C. --- Kendrea Duke scored a career-high 20 points to lead the Tusculum University women's basketball team to a 64-49 season-opening win over host Belmont Abbey Friday night at the Wheeler Center. It was the second game of the opening day of the 2018 South Atlantic Conference / Conference Carolinas Challenge.
Trailing 19-18 after the first quarter, the Pioneers outscored the Crusaders (0-1) by a 19-7 margin the second period and never trailed for the remainder of the evening.
Duke shot a sizzling 9-of-13 from the floor while grabbing a team-best five rebounds as she surpassed her previous career-best of 19 points last year against Catawba. Sydney Wilson poured in 15 points going 4-of-5 from the field with a three-pointer and shot 6-of-8 from the free throw line. Mia Long added 13 points, four rebounds and a game-high five steals in the victory.
The Tusculum defense forced 32 Belmont Abbey turnovers resulting in 31 points for the visitors. TU also held a 42-14 advantage in points in the paint and edged the Crusaders 32-28 in rebounding.
Irelynn Davisson was the lone Belmont Abbey player in double-figures finishing with 12 points.
The Pioneers finished the contest shooting 48.4 percent from the floor going 26-of-54 while the Crusaders shot 34 percent (15-of-44) and 13-of-16 at the free throw line (81%).
Tusculum got off to a sluggish start and trailed 10-3 following a Davisson three-pointer at the 7:10 mark of the opening quarter. Callie Patterson knocked down a triple and Long made one of two free throws to cut the deficit to 10-7. A pair of Davisson free throws later in the quarter extended the BAC lead to 17-12 with 1:29 left in the frame. The two teams exchanged baskets but the turning point of the game came with five seconds left when Wilson converted a four-point play when she drained her lone trifecta of the evening and made the free throw as TU trailed 19-18 after 10 minutes of play.
Tusculum extended the run to 13-0 as the Pioneers led 28-19, scoring the first nine points of the second period and held the Crusaders scoreless for the first 5:04 of the quarter. The Abbey cut the deficit to 30-24 following two free throws from Hannah Roney with 3:04 remaining in the half. Back-to-back baskets by Duke and Long sparked a 7-2 run to end the half as Tusculum headed to the locker room leading 37-26. Tusculum finished the half shooting 52 percent (13-of-25), while Belmont Abbey shot 39 percent including 14 percent in the second quarter alone.
Tusculum saw its 11-point advantage evaporate to 41-37 with 4:05 left in the third after an Alexis Schulz three-pointer. Jasmine Williams got an offensive rebound and put back and Wilson made a jumper as TU led 45-37 with three minutes remaining the period. Belmont Abbey made one of two free throws to whittle the TU lead to five (45-40). Duke made one of two free throws and Yolizma Cupidan hit a layup as the Pioneers led 48-40 after three quarters of play.
Cupidan opened the fourth quarter with another layup and Martoria Patton added a basket to push the Tusculum lead back to 12 at 52-40 with 8:56 remaining. TU increased the lead to as many as 16 points, outscoring the Crusaders 16-9 in the final stanza to secure the 15-point victory.
Tusculum returns to action on Saturday when they take on in-state foe King University at 5 p.m. from the Wheeler Center to close out the SAC / Conference Carolinas Challenge.


text:
General Meeting, Tuesday June 14,…
The Social Work Law Enforcement (SWLE) Project, a pilot program launched in August 2020, was created by Dr. Isabel Logan, an Assistant Professor of Social Work at Eastern Connecticut State University, and Lt. Matthew Solak of the Willimantic (Connecticut) Police Department. The Project has evolved into a statewide collaboration that may serve as a national model for the emerging field of police social work. It was recently featured during a NAMI Conference on Crisis Response Solutions.
Co-founder and Executive Director Logan, a licensed clinical social worker, said the program may likely be one of the first specialized training programs in the country that prepares social workers and police officers to work alongside each other. "Despite police social work being around for decades, this is still a very new area," Logan said. "There has been limited specialized training in this field."
Dr. Logan along with co-founder and Law Enforcement Director Lt. Solak will talk about how the program started, how it has grown, and how it has helped improve service for individuals experiencing a mental health crisis. A Q&A session will follow the presentation.
Executive Director Isabel Logan, Ed.D., LCSW earned a BSW from Saint Joseph College (presently the University of Saint Joseph), an MSW from Fordham University, and a Doctorate of Education from the University of Hartford. Before joining the faculty at Eastern Connecticut State University in 2016, she worked for 20 years as a social worker for the Connecticut Division of Public Defender Services. In 2001, Dr. Logan was selected to assist with developing the Cultural Proficiency in Drug Court Practice: Training of Trainers Manual for drug court professionals. Dr. Logan has received many awards for her work.
Law Enforcement Director Lieutenant Matthew Solak is a 17-year veteran of the Willimantic Police Department, presently serving in the Administration Division. In 2021, Lieutenant Solak testified before the Connecticut General Assembly on topics pertaining to Police and Social Work Partnerships, and was a panel presenter at the first annual National Conference on Police Social Work. Lieutenant Solak is a graduate of Eastern Connecticut State University and is presently pursuing his Master's Degree in English from Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut.
Join us to hear her speak at our May General Meeting. Register ahead of time to receive the zoom link.
june_speakers2022 (62 kB)
General Meeting – Jan 8, 7 to 9 PM – Working with Emergency Psychiatric Services (EPS) – 7:15 honoring Toni Tullys


text:
Skip to main content Obituaries Search Death Notices Place a death notice Request a News Obituary
Her problem-solving theorems helped pave the way for women in mathematics
Cathleen S. Morawetz with Harold Grad, a New York University colleague, in 1964. (New York University)
By Emily Langer
Emily Langer
Obituary writer
Cathleen S. Morawetz, whose achievements in mathematics found widespread practical use, helped open her profession to other women and made her the first female mathematician to receive the National Medal of Science, died Aug. 8 at her home in New York. She was 94.
Her death was announced by New York University, where she spent nearly her entire career, and where she was a former director of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. The cause was pneumonia and renal failure, said a daughter, Nancy Morawetz.
Dr. Morawetz rose to the top of her profession at a time when few women received the encouragement or opportunity to pursue mathematical studies or work. She gravitated to questions with immediate and useful applications, once describing herself as "an applied mathematician who proves theorems to solve problems."
[From PostEverything: Most of my medical colleagues are women. The Google guy gets them wrong.]
After establishing herself in the 1950s, she quickly became known for her study of transonic flow, or the behavior of air when an object such as a plane approaches the speed of sound.
It was a matter of vital importance for military aeronautical engineers, who sought to design airplane wings capable of blunting the shock waves that are produced when air around the plane passes the sound barrier.
Dr. Morawetz's theorem showed that, contrary to the hopes of the engineers, a shockless design was "theoretically maybe possible but practically not possible," Robert V. Kohn, a professor of mathematics at NYU, said in an interview. Engineers, therefore, focused on reducing rather than averting shock waves.
Speaking to the journal Science in 1979, Dr. Morawetz remarked that her work on transonic flow presented the unusual example of engineers calling upon a mathematician for a proof, rather than engineers bellyaching about mathematicians who explain problems the engineers have already solved.
Dr. Morawetz also was noted for her work explaining the scattering of sound, light, water and gravitational waves off obstacles. The concept of a "Morawetz inequality," as her formulation was known, "continues to be used in a very broad range of applications," said Deane Yang, also a mathematics professor at NYU.
The citation for Dr. Morawetz's National Medal of Science, awarded in 1998, credited her with academic achievements that were "matched by her leadership and inspiration, judgment and vision, and knowledge and generosity to colleagues and collaborators."
She often was cited as a trailblazing influence for women in mathematics. In 2014, the Iranian mathematician Maryam Mirzakhani became the first woman to win the prestigious Fields Medal. She died in July at age 40 of breast cancer.
[Maryam Mirzakhani, first woman to win Fields Medal in mathematics, dies at 40]
Cathleen Synge — her maiden name was pronounced "sing" — was born on May 5, 1923, in Toronto, where her father, the noted Irish mathematician John Lighton Synge, held an academic appointment at the University of Toronto. His students over the years included John F. Nash Jr., the Nobel Prize-winning game theorist whose life was dramatized in the 2001 film "A Beautiful Mind."
[John F. Nash Jr. dies; Nobel laureate's life story inspired 'A Beautiful Mind']
Her mother, Elizabeth Allen, who also was from Ireland, had studied mathematics as well. Dr. Morawetz credited both parents with encouraging her intellectual and professional ambitions — traits that she once joked were "at the time very unladylike."
She received a bachelor's degree from the University of Toronto in 1945, a master's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1946 and a PhD from NYU in 1951, all in mathematics.
Looking for work, she "just wanted what a man could get," she once told USA Today. She said the Courant Institute supported her career by giving her a raise when she had her first child, so that she could pay for child care when she returned to work.
Asked if she fretted about her children when she was at the office, she quipped to Science that she was "much more likely to worry about a theorem" when she was with her children. A paid death notice in the New York Times described her as equally "at home proving a complex theorem as getting down on the floor to play with her grandchildren."
Survivors include her husband of 71 years, Herbert Morawetz, a chemist, of New York; four children, Pegeen Rubinstein of Westport, Conn., John Morawetz of Erlanger, Ky., Lida Jeck of Chapel Hill, N.C., and Nancy Morawetz of New York; a sister; 10 grandchildren; and three great-grandchildren.
Dr. Morawetz served as a trustee of Princeton University and of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, as well as president of the American Mathematical Society, which honored her with a lifetime achievement award.
When she received the National Medal of Science, she told USA Today that she hoped the honor would "draw attention to the idea that women can do math and will have some influence on women all the way from grade school to graduate school and beyond."
An earlier version of this article misstated the surname of a colleague of Dr. Morawetz's at New York University. He is Deane Yang, not Deane Young. Also, her mother was known as Elizabeth Allen, not Eleanor Allen. The article has been updated.
Read more Washington Post obituaries
Sailing's 'dean of loners' survived shark-infested waters, a hurricane and a 16-year journey at sea
Mistress and muse of James Bond's creator, Ian Fleming, dies at 104
Known as the Mother Teresa of Pakistan, she helped defeat one of the most stigmatized diseases in human history
Emily Langer Emily Langer is a reporter on The Washington Post's obituaries desk. She writes about extraordinary lives in national and international affairs, science and the arts, sports, culture, and beyond. She previously worked for the Outlook and Local Living sections. Follow


Beethoven's life was marked by the tragedy of his deafness, for which symptoms appeared in his latest twenties. Before being completely deaf, he used ear-horns to improve his hearing condition, tools that visitors can see at the Beethoven's museum in his native Bonn . Unfortunately, his problem had most likely a severe pathological origin and such tools did not help him significantly throughout the years . The first record of ear-horns usage dates back to 1634 when the French Jesuit Jean Leurechon describes them in his writings. Their main scope is to convey acoustic waves towards the ear but they disappeared around the 60thies in favour of more practical medical devices.
Now, if you are familiar with natural evolution, you are maybe wondering why we did not end up having cone-shaped ears to enhance our hearing capabilities? At the end of the day, the ear function is to make us hear. The problem is that ear-horns work well only if the person points them towards the sound source: a cone-shaped ear would have prevented us to individuate the provenance of sounds, quite dangerous even for our survival. Another aspect tied to the human ears, is their ability to better capture sounds at frequencies typical of the human voice. Basically, we have human ears to listen to the human voice. All in all, natural evolution had to optimize the ear topology, a process that took millions of years, to satisfy several criteria and objectives without compromising any aspect.
Speaking of which, what is sound? Sound as we know it, becomes fascinating because of the way our human brain processes it. In reality, sound is much more banal and it is nothing but a mechanical vibration propagating in a medium, obeying to all the laws of nature related to waves. Sound is thus subjected to reflection, refraction and diffraction. Such capricious phenomena are of course a nightmare when dealing with engineering design. The first example that comes to my mind are the acoustic waves produced by the heat-release fluctuations in a gas turbine flame. These waves can travel in a combustion chamber and perturb the flame. Even worse, they can amplify and make combustion unstable. If you are a gas turbine engineer, you have all my sympathy.
If you are a muffler engineer, your life won't be easy either. The muffler is a device at the very end of the powertrain, which suppresses the acoustic waves coming from the engine. The acoustic loss is triggered by abruptly changing the area of internal ducts (expansion chambers), creating reflected waves that can cancel out the incoming waves, or by absorbing the acoustic energy, for example by means perforations in the ducts that connect with a volume filled with a porous material. As usual in engineering, "you never get something for nothing". There are two pieces of bad news in this scenario: the first is that the muffler presence increases the backpressure, thus decreasing the overall efficiency of the engine. The second bad news is that increasing transmission loss and decreasing backpressure in a muffler are concurrent objectives. I told you: muffler engineer life is not easy. But in this blog, we'll try to crack the code anyway.
Optimizing the muffler design during manufacturing is quite cumbersome. In a normal manufacturing processing, engineers do not optimize backpressure and noise reduction at the same time. In the current industrial processes, backpressure is reduced through geometry optimization; noise reduction targets are verified only in a second phase and the whole process strongly relies on the engineer's experience. It is time consuming and engineers can build and test only a few designs. That is why a combined approach is more convenient and highly desirable. In this blog we will introduce you to a new approach combining HEEDS (Simcenter optimization tool), Simcenter 3D to deal with the acoustic part, and Simcenter STAR-CCM+ to provide the backpressure prediction. Figure 1 provides the example of the workflow. The optimization is performed in HEEDS with the algorithm SHERPA, which selects a set of geometrical parameters at the beginning of the iteration. Such set is read by the CAD modeller NX, which builds a parasolid model that can be read by both Simcenter STAR-CCM+ and Simcenter 3D. Simcenter 3D calculates the transmission loss, defined as the ratio between the acoustic power at the inlet and the one at the outlet, as a function of the inlet noise frequency. Of course, SHERPA will try to maximize the transmission loss, as higher values translate into a larger noise reduction. At each iteration, a coefficient CF is calculated to measure the distance between the transmission loss-frequency curve from the baseline one. When both Simcenter STAR-CCM+ and Simcenter 3D provide the calculation response, SHERPA decides on the new set of parameters that can satisfy the objective.
Figure 2: Pareto front of the optimization study.
I admit, as CFD engineers we might get a little snobbish when looking at the only apparent unstrictness of economy laws. Yet, to crack the code, we will use a concept directly from the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto. Apart from the 80/20 rule, he also gave life to the Pareto front, useful to individuate the concurrency between the objectives. Figure 2 shows the Pareto front for this study, function of the backpressure and CF, with the light blue area showing unfeasible designs. It is possible to distinguish three different regions. Region 1 shows a clear Pareto front tendency when two objectives are concurrent: in this case the higher the transmission loss, the higher the backpressure. Region 2 is a region of low backpressure whilst Region 3 is a not much populated region. It means that SHERPA focused solely on Region 1 and 2.
Little golden rule: SHERPA is a fantastic algorithm, but the critical analysis of the results from the human engineer is still necessary. Figure 3 and its subfigures aim to understand the results. Figure 3a shows the baseline design, in which you can notice distinct three chambers in which the flow is forced to pass through. Figure 3b is representative of Region 2, a region with low backpressure. As you can see, the internal chambers collapsed together, with the gas flowing directly from the inlet to the outlet. Although for SHERPA this is a feasible design, in reality this is not a real muffler configuration. This can suggest that we have a physical limit in decreasing further the backpressure of our baseline. Therefore, Region 2 is discarded. Figure 3c comes from Region 1. In this region all the designs are valid designs, with the typical three chambers structure for a muffler. As said above, in this region we are not able to increase the transmission loss and decrease the backpressure at the same time. Figures 3d are more interesting: they come from Region 2 in which we can observe both valid (Figure 3da) and non-valid (Figure 3db) designs. More interestingly, this region is placed in backpressure values below the baseline design, with a good potential for improvement. However, Region 2 is scarcely populated and yet, it's exactly there that our best designs will be found.
Figure 4: Pareto front of the detailed study. Boundaries for backpressure are set within 4100 and 3200 Pa.
Figure 5a (left): Baseline; Figure 5b (center): Backpressure reduced by 9.7%. CF=1.09; Figure 5c (right): Backpressure reduced by 6.8%. CF=1.70.
SHERPA allows you to be a perfectionist. The improved design of Figure 3da is only the starting point of our analysis. We start to see the light at the end of the tunnel, but in my opinion, we did not crack the code yet. From the first optimization study, we observe that at very low backpressure we do not obtain valid designs. For this reason, we are now asking to SHERPA to build designs in a region in which backpressure has a lower and upper limit. The resulting Pareto front is represented in Figure 4. The designs in the red area are all valid designs, with both an improvement in backpressure and the coefficient CF, actually a very good news for our target. Ready to elect the best design?! We actually have two good candidates, highlighted in Figure 4 as A and B. They present very similar geometries. Depending on the final design requirements, the engineer will decide whether to manufacture design A (with an improvement of 9.7% of the backpressure) or design B (with an improvement of 6.8% of the backpressure, but with a higher CF). Designs A and B are reported in Figure 5, along with the baseline. As you can notice, the geometries are quite similar: in other words, the variations obtained on the final targets, are actually the result of very tiny geometrical variations. This can also be observed with one my favourite HEEDS tools: the parallel plot (Figure 6). This plot allows you to individuate designs that provide the desired responses and to see the boundaries within which their geometrical parameters vary. In the x-axis, we plotted the backpressure, the coefficient CF and the geometrical quotas varied by SHERPA during the studies. We highlighted in blue only the designs falling in the valid Pareto front of Figure 4. These designs bundle together and their geometrical quotas are varying in a very restrained interval, suggesting that all these designs are indeed quite similar. Yet, they have a strong impact in the final response.
Figure 6: Parallel plot for the detailed analysis. a* are geometrical variables that were modified during the studies. Results are filtered for backpressure (3200 Pa <backpressure< 4100 Pa) and CF (0 <CF< 5).
I finish the blog with one open question: our hearing capabilities took more than hundred millions of years to evolve. Do you think that SHERPA would have reduced the time to optimize the ear topology? I am firmly convinced that the answer is yes!


text:
首页 » Tobias George Smollett
Tobias George Smollett
擅长: 经典英文小说 性别: 男 出生年月:
Tobias George Smollett (19 March 1721 – 17 September 1771) was a Scottish poet and author. He was best known for his picaresque novels, such as The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748) and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751), which influenced later novelists such as Charles Dicke...
Tobias George Smollett (19 March 1721 – 17 September 1771) was a Scottish poet and author. He was best known for his picaresque novels, such as The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748) and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751), which influenced later novelists such as Charles Dickens. George Orwell admired Smollett very much. His novels were amended liberally by printers; a definitive edition of each of his works was edited by Dr. O. M. Brack, Jr. to correct variants.
Alfred Henry Lewis
Helen Fielding海伦·菲尔丁
Eoin Colfer 艾欧因·寇弗
伍尔曼约翰 John Woolman
Frederick Townsend Martin
Sandra Cisneros桑德拉·希斯内罗丝
Henry Beam Piper
比尔・克林顿Bill Clinton
蓝登传 The Adventures of Roderick Random
年月检索


text:
Mack: U.S., Obama Must Hold Argentina Accountable
By Rep. Connie Mack IV
Posted November 8, 2011 at 4:49pm
From day one of Barack Obama's presidency, he has had misplaced priorities throughout the Western Hemisphere. He has consistently reached out and offered friendship to our enemies while ignoring our friends — directly jeopardizing U.S. interests in the region.
His presence at the G-20 summit represented an opportunity for the president to readjust his lack of leadership in Latin America during his planned meeting with re-elected Argentine President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.
Unfortunately, he missed an opportunity to stand up for freedom and prosperity by failing to encourage Kirchner to realign her country's priorities during her next term and become accountable for its outstanding debt to U.S. creditors.
Argentina is perhaps one of the largest scofflaws in history, while also being listed within the elite group of G-20 nations. In 2001, the government of Argentina defaulted on its bills — essentially declaring bankruptcy on $81 billion in sovereign bonds. It then proceeded to offer bondholders 27 cents on the dollar.
Many ordinary Americans and American businesses were hurt by Argentina's refusal to honor its debt. To this day, Argentina refuses to honor its claims to many Americans or to negotiate in good faith. Meanwhile, Obama believes Argentina is a friend of the United States and turns his back on American interests abroad.
Argentina has also violated U.S. laws and defied international financial standards. There are more than 100 outstanding court judgments against Argentina in the U.S. Southern District of New York totaling more than $7 billion. Further, Argentina is one of the few G-20 nations to find itself involved in cases pending at the World Bank's International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes. Unfortunately, the Argentine government refuses to recognize any of these court judgments — showing an equal disregard for both U.S. and international law.
The government of Argentina is not a friend of the United States. Obama should have utilized this meeting with Kirchner to vigorously support freedom and prosperity in the region by standing up and protecting American citizens and businesses from countries like Argentina.
In an effort to hold Argentina accountable, I invite my colleagues in Congress to join me in supporting the Judgment Evading Foreign States Accountability Act. Intended to stop nations such as Argentina from inflicting further financial injury on the United States and its citizens, the legislation would protect the rights of investors and uphold U.S. rule of law. Our president should, too.
Rep. Connie Mack IV (R-Fla.) is chairman of the Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere.


Are you ready for hurricane season? Make sure you are providing your customers with the right moisture meters to help spot moisture intrusion before a storm hits. Download our complimentary eGuide "Using Moisture Meter to Help Prepare for Hurrican Season."
Mr. Wengert, also known as "The Wood Doctor," is a well-known presence within the woodworking industry. He provides instruction in wood manufacturing and helps others diagnose their manufacturing problems with wood.
Finding the right kind of moisture detection equipment to meet your needs is a huge part of being able to anticipate how moisture conditions can affect your work.
There are many grain types that readily absord moisture from their surroundings. This can severely impact the grain's quality, safety, and sale price. Find out how you can measure grain moisture content correctly.
How can you be sure your moisture meter is taking accurate readings? Download our complimentary eGuide "Checking Moisture Meter Accuracy" to keep your meter in tiptop condition.
With decades of experience, our company is a trusted manufacturer of high-quality, rugged equipment that professionals can rely on. To learn more, read our free eGuide.
Knowing the exact location and extent of moisture in a building is essential knowledge for restoration efforts. The full applications of moisture meters in restoration projects are described in this eGuide.
Moisture is a very real concern when it comes to flooring systems, and the only way to be sure of moisture content in flooring is with a quality moisture meter.
Hay is a very important crop for the farming industry. Farmers with livestock rely on top-quality hay to provide forage for their grazing animals when other grazing plants are scarce.
Moisture meters are a great tool for preventing moisture-related disasters in woodworking projects. We've assembled a comprehensive eGuide to help you get the best results.
Wood manufacturers often face quality control issues that can not only hold up production, but potentially create poor quality products.
Sign up now to receive updates on our latest blogs and news.
Copyright © 2019 Delmhorst Instrument Co.


A lovely gift to surprise someone with at this, the best time of the year.
Fabulous Flowers offers a wide range of flowers and gifts available for same-day delivery. Our collection boasts same-day flowers, luxury flowers and gifts for any occasion. Select from flower arrangements that include elegant roses to classic gerbera daisies to bright and cheerful lilies and choose from gift options that include fruit baskets, balloons, Cowshed products and stuffed animals. Our fabulous products are available for same-day delivery in Cape Town and are hand-delivered to the door of someone you love at their home or corporate office.


In addition to organising educational exchanges for students, we are equipped to build programs for professionals or educators. Concerning practical matters, such as those concerning accommodation and culinary needs, these projects operate much like those for the students. In these projects, however, the program can explore a variety of topics in depth, such as the German language or culture, non-formal or experiential learning methods or a variety of academic topics.
Such a project is suitable for your institutions if you are interested in arranging an international exchange in the near future, for improving the relationship between new team members, as well as for professional development on a specific topic.


C.L. Smooth and Skyzoo's time honored collab has arrived on 45 for Record Store Day '16.
Guilty Simpson & Small Pro's Highway Robbery LP resurfaces on turquoise/black vinyl.
Planet Asia and DJ Concept's collaborative LP, Seventy Nine is now is now available for pre-order via iTunes, and on gold vinyl through Fat Beats. Features include DJ Revolution, TriState, Marvelous Mag, Blu, Agallah, John Robinson, SmooVth and the late Sean Price (RIP), among others. Hit the jump for the album artwork and tracklist.


text:
May 3, 2019 / 11:28 AM / 2 months ago
Wesfarmers' soft bid for Kidman spotlights lithium's financing issues
Melanie Burton
MELBOURNE (Reuters) - Wesfarmers Ltd's bid for Australia's Kidman Resources undervalues the lithium miner, analysts said on Friday, reflecting the financing difficulties the sector faces even as electric car makers warn of raw material shortages.
Wesfarmers offered a 47 percent premium for Kidman, which is developing the Mount Holland project in Western Australia through a joint venture with battery chemicals maker Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A. (SQM).
But even that offer, which valued the company at A$776 million ($543 million) or A$1.90 per share, undervalued the company, said analysts at J.P. Morgan and Canaccord Genuity.
Prospects for lithium demand look strong over the next decade as governments worldwide set ambitious targets to increase electric vehicle sales.
In May 2018, Kidman signed a lithium supply agreement with electric carmaker Tesla, which this week forecasts a shortage of key electric vehicle minerals occurring in the future.
JP Morgan said that Wesfarmers' share price bid "fundamentally undervalues" Kidman's share of the joint venture, adding that Mount Holland is a "Tier-1" project.
Canaccord said the bid "falls short" of their valuation of A$2.15 per share for Kidman.
Both companies say there is the potential for a third party to place a higher bid for Kidman.
"The chance of an interloper seeing greater value in Kidman, either joint venture partner SQM or an outside party, is real," said JPMorgan.
Kidman shares closed on Friday just below the offer price at $A1.87.
Part of the reason for the lower valuation stems from problems the lithium mining sector has faced in gaining financing for their projects.
The Mount Holland site reportedly will require about A$600 million in capital. SQM has pledged $100 million to the project.
Miners have struggled with financing as retail equity markets do not provide the scale of funding they need and banks have been reluctant since it is not easy to hedge their lithium price risk.
"It's next to impossible to hedge so therefore project financing becomes really difficult," said Aaron Ross, global head of resources at ANZ at an industry event in Melbourne.
Large auto and battery makers could seek equity stakes in companies instead of signing supply off-take agreements, as Chinese companies have done, said Ross.
Diversified miners that have started to accumulate cash could also step in, with Rio Tinto, South 32 and Fortescue all looking to get into lithium, said Reg Spencer, mining analyst at Canaccord, with Rio Tinto best placed because it already has lithium exposure.
"It's perfect timing really from Wesfarmers. It's hard, the banks and not many other people are prepared to fund those things at the moment," said Andy Forster, senior investment officer at Argo Investments, adding that Mount Holland is one of the better lithium projects around.
"I'd be surprised if anyone else came over the top, but never say never."
Reporting by Melanie Burton; editing by Christian Schmollinger


Joon Kyu is the managing director of the JMC Design Group in Seoul, and Point�s representative in Korea , With more than twenty-four years experience in architecture, retail design, hospitality and entertainment venues. Mr. Hwang has been responsible for the marketing, management, and design of a variety of mixed-use retail design projects throughout Europe, Asia, and the United States. Mr. Hwang�s creation of unique retail environments is the result of his international and versatile perspective, which is brought to every project.
Joon Kyu was Vice President/Managing Director at RYA New York and Seoul and also Regional Vice President/ Executive Design Director at Walker Group/CNI in New York. Throughout his career, Joon Kyu has worked both with international and domestic clients that include Bloomingdale�s, Saks Fifth Avenue, The Bon Ton, Lladro, Esprit, Wanamaker�s, HYUNDAI Department Store, Rodamco Asia, Shinsegae, The Galleria, Korea Life, Grand Hyatt Mirama Group, Westin Chosen Hotel, Sheraton Walker Hill Hotel, Washington Mutual Bank, and Wachovia Bank.
He holds a Bachelor�s Degree in Design and Interior Architecture from Northern Illinois University and Is currently enrolled in Master of Architecture at Illinois Institute of Technology.


A business built on honesty, Larry Dow Automotive has been serving the community for 12yrs. We strive for customer satisfaction. Our professional staff & trained technicians strive to make your visit less stressful & repair the vehicle properly. We provide maintenance to all makes & models & have state of the art tools to properly diagnose your vehicle issues. We are a government approved safety inspection station. We do provide a in town shuttle service if requested. Please call us today to schedule your next regular maintenance & seasonal needs.


#ThisIsMyEra is a social entrepreneurship dedicated to making lasting change. Our mission as a brand is to help change the reality and extend children's capacity for learning and success. We are committed to doing our part to help eradicate illiteracy and develop future leaders. That is why we have committed to donate a stationery kit to a child in need for every #ThisIsMyEra Planner purchased through our partnership with the Amani Hope Foundation.


text:
American Religion and the Marriage Debate
in American History, Law, Religion
William N. Eskridge Jr.—
From the beginning of the marriage equality debate, the main critics of marriage between persons of the same sex were religious intellectuals and public figures such as Phyllis Schlafly, Josef Ratzinger, Jim Dobson, Phil Burris, Lou Sheldon, Lynn Wardle, Maggie Gallagher, Robby George, Richard Land, and Monte Stewart.
Everywhere marriage equality was seriously considered, many religious traditionalists considered it an existential threat to faith communities in America and not just misguided or immoral policy. Our nation's three largest denominations—the Catholic Church, Southern Baptist Convention, and the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints—were wedded to the doctrine that God sanctions only "one flesh" conjugal unions as marriages (Gen. 2:24) and that the union of a man and woman in matrimony is modeled on Christ's devotion to the Church (Eph. 5:25). "Homosexual" or "gay" marriage was, literally, a sacrilege for these denominations and others.
Relatedly, religious critics considered marriage equality as promoting or sanctioning evil or sin. For them, nonprocreative intercourse, especially between two men, was "unnatural" (Rom. 2:26–27), an "abomination" in the eyes of the Lord (Lev. 20:13), and not the kind of self-giving they saw in conjugality. A favorite metaphor was Pandora's box: gay marriage would open the door to all manner of perversions, and moral boundaries would erode. If the state recognized sinful unions as marriages, critics feared that not only would homosexuality be normalized, but faith traditions rejecting same-sex marriage would be demonized.
Yet, even at the outset of the marriage equality narrative, other religious intellectuals and ministers, priests, and rabbis were supportive. Jack Baker and Mike McConnell, the first "gay marriage" celebrities, were encouraged in their mission by the Catholic chaplain at the University of Minnesota, and their marriage ceremony (recently recognized as legal) was conducted by an ordained Methodist minister. When Boulder County Clerk Clela Rorex issued official marriage licenses to four male and two female couples in the spring of 1975, all but one sealed their legal marriages with ceremonies having a religious officiant. The Reverend Troy Perry, originally ordained as a Pentecostal pastor, officiated thousands of same-sex marriages in the 1970s, under the auspices of the Metropolitan Community Church.
I was counsel for Craig Dean and Patrick Gill, who brought the first marriage equality case after the 1970s. In connection with Dean v. District of Columbia, we secured letters from respected pastors, rabbis, and priests—all supporting marriage equality from the perspective of their faith traditions. They included representatives from the Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist, Congregationalist, and Unitarian Churches, as well as the Society of Friends and Reform Judaism. More than a dozen of those letters are reprinted as an Appendix to my 1996 book, The Case for Same-Sex Marriage.
In 1991, these religious leaders recognized that Scripture had been unfairly interpreted to demonize "homosexuality," a concept and indeed an orientation that would not have been understood in Biblical times. Evangelical philosopher David Gushee demonstrates in Changing Our Mind (2014) how the "clobber verses" invoked from Genesis and Leviticus are taken out of historical context and generalized without biblical justification. Presbyterian pastor Carla Gorrell suggested in her letter that Christ Himself ignored the clobber verses and trumped them with the Golden Rule.
Writing from the Catholic tradition, Father James Mallon invoked the spirit of Vatican II and Gaudium et spes (1965) to tell us that the Judeo-Christian tradition valorizes marriage as "an intimate partnership, a community of love." In his experience, lesbian and gay couples were just as capable of mutual commitment as straight couples—and that there was nothing in Scripture to exclude committed homosexual unions. Rabbi Yoel Kahn spoke of the "enduring loyalty, the meaning of commitment, and the discovery of reservoirs of strength" revealed by couples dealing with AIDS and other adversities. He was certain that God wanted these families embraced rather than shunned by His faith communities.
Starting with the first Vermont marriage campaign (1997–2000) and continuing with the successful Massachusetts marriage campaign (1999–2004), almost every successful effort to secure state recognition of the families of sexual and gender minorities has prominently featured coalitions of ministers, priests, rabbis, and other religious leaders. In the pivotal year, 2012, marriage equality coalitions prevailed in four state ballot measures, each critically supported by a broad coalition of religious leaders. For example, Maryland's marriage equality law would certainly have been overturned without the public support from Evangelical leaders, led by Reverend Delman Coates and Bishop Donte Hickman, and from Sister Jeannine Gramick.
To be sure, the leading critics of marriage equality in Maryland were also persons of faith, such as Archbishop William Lori and Martha Schaerr, the Latter-day Saint. The arguments they and most other religious critics made were grounded in thoughtful exegesis of Scripture and were generally respectful to LGBTQ persons. Thus, today, the Catholic Church and the Church of Jesus Christ have adopted what they consider "tolerant" stances toward sexual and gender minorities: they do not recognize same-sex marriages but have supported measures barring discrimination against these minorities. While not opposing discrimination, Southern Baptists and other conservative Evangelicals are moving away from homophobic rhetoric and have opened dialogues with the same minorities.
More denominations and congregations will follow the Reform Jews, Episcopalians, Congregationalists, Presbyterians (USA), Quakers, and Unitarians to celebrate committed LGBTQ unions as marriages. And others, like the Lutherans and Methodists, will allow or look the other way when local congregations do the same. On the other hand, conservative Catholics, Evangelicals, and Mormons will continue to be unaccepting, for their own faith-based reasons. (Some churches will be hostile and disparaging.) For those denominations and congregations, the law should and will provide space for them to practice their faith. How far that accommodation for private faith is permitted to go is a matter judges and legislators will consider in this decade.
William N. Eskridge Jr. is the John A. Garver Professor of Jurisprudence at Yale Law School.
Featured Image: Photo by Maico Pereira on Unsplash
Tags: LGBTQ, marriage equality, William N. Eskridge Jr.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg's Opera
William N. Eskridge Jr.— Ruth Bader Ginsburg passionately loved her…
Harvey Milk: His Lives and Death
Lillian Faderman— Harvey Milk—charismatic, eloquent, a wit and a smart…
Harvey Milk's Jewish Identity
Lillian Faderman— The Jewish identity of Harvey Milk—arguably the most…