text:
19th June 2013 Issue no. 173
Please note that you are viewing an archived issue of Locks and Security News.
Lenel to offer Traka USA Key Management Solutions to North and Latin American customers
Traka USA, a leading developer of intelligent key and asset management solutions around the world, and Lenel Systems International Inc., a market leader in integrated access and video software solutions, announced an agreement to offer Traka USA Key Management Solutions to Lenel's North America and Latin America customers through Lenel's Value Added Resellers (VAR).
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EU websites track users without warning, against own rules
European institutions are tracking users of their web sites, in breach of the EU's own data protection rules, EurActiv has learned. The fact has been confirmed by Europe's data protection watchdog, in an interview with EurActiv, while Brussels is reviewing privacy legislation to tackle the abuse.
The European Data Protection Supervisor, Peter Hustinx, said that institutions were aware of the problem, that new guidelines are being drawn up to deal with the issue, and that his own office avoided using EU institutional software last year because he realised they were "inappropriate."
MiraClone comes out as No.1 in Australasia
The Master Locksmiths Association of Australasia commissioned a report by its Training Director, Jeremy Phillips. He tested all of the leading transponder cloners and included Lockdecoders' MiraClone even though it is not an entry level cloner but an advanced Eeprom machine and lost points because it is naturally more expensive.
Overall the MiraClone still came out tops and here are some comments from the report, reproduced by permission:
UAP TradeLocks' VAT Free Summer
UAP TradeLocks, leading supplier of specialised locksmith tools, is celebrating the start of the Great British Summer by covering the cost of the VAT for all products on the website.
Unlike the British weather, Locksmiths can rely on TradeLocks to brighten up their summer by offering its customers 20% off all orders over £100. The promotion runs across all products on the site including new additions such as the current product of the month, the Citroen/Peugeot Genuine Lishi 2-in-1 Set, the MAX6MUM SECURITY retail range and Chris Belcher's Super Snapper Bar.
What to know when you're locked out of your house
"Phone, Keys, Wallet." We all live by that check list as we are running out the door, but sometimes one of those items can fall off your radar. Locking yourself out of your house might be one of the costliest lapses out of the three, because if a family member or friend cannot deliver a spare set of keys, your next call could be a locksmith who will use your situation as a ripe business opportunity.
A new range of low cost DVRs from VDT direct
VDT Direct, the leading developer of rapid deployment video alarm solutions, has launched an innovative range of low cost DVRs. Costing from just £120, they can be generically integrated with the innovative WebEye CMS cloud-based alarm monitoring solution and will meet the needs of smaller scale users in a wide range residential, retail and commercial applications.
'The Security Oscars' are open for nominations
The nomination process for the 2013 Security Excellence Awards - organised by UBM Live - is now open. Celebrating its 15th year in 2013, this highly prestigious industry awards scheme is specifically designed to commend and honour the very best professionals, projects and processes which both the UK and international security sectors have to offer.
New security for Statue of Liberty
With the Statue of Liberty scheduled to reopen on July 4, New York officials are pressing the parks department to reconsider new security procedures that they believe put the monument at "greater risk" for a terrorist attack. At issue is the point where visitors are screened for Statue of Liberty tours. The National Park Service has said it plans to move security screenings to Ellis Island, after visitors have taken ferry rides from New Jersey and Manhattan. Those wanting to visit the statue will undergo a second screening.
Source: Wall Street Journal
Smartcard-based security from Certgate also available for the new BlackBerry 10 OS
Certgate, the IT security company from Nuremberg, Germany, also ensures additional hardware-based security in the new BlackBerry 10. BlackBerry, a leading global company for wireless innovation, has initiated closer cooperation with certgate, a specialist in IT security, so that it can continue to offer its customers hardware-based security where required.
Global security software market worth $19.2 billion in 2012
Global security software market revenues rose 8 per cent to $19.2 billion last year, spurred by practices like bring your own device (BYOD), among other issues, global research firm Gartner claims. Worldwide revenues from security software market totalled $17.7 billion in 2011, the firm added.
"The evolution of new threats and working practices, such as bring your own device (BYOD), is driving spending on security," according to Research Director Ruggero Contu.
Another potential muslim terrorist slips through the net - this time in Australia
Australian PM Julia Gillard has ordered a high-level probe into apparent intelligence and immigration failures that meant an Egyptian asylum-seeker convicted of terrorism charges was housed for nearly a year in low-security detention.
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The views or claims expressed by contributors do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. Whilst every effort is made to ensure accuracy, the publisher accepts no liability for errors in this publication.
John Austen
Publishing Director
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MOBOTIX re-invents motion detection and reduces false alarms
MOBOTIX AG has unveiled the MxActivitySensor - a revolutionary technology that registers traveling movement of people and objects, while dismissing redundant changes and movement in the scene. This drastically reduces the number of false alarms. Through the development of the MxActivitySensor, MOBOTIX has re-invented a method for intelligent video motion detection.
Greater Locksmith to make substantial donation to Amici children's charity
Greater Locksmith, a prominent locksmith & security company operating in the Toronto, recently announced that it would make a substantial donation of 5% of all locksmith revenues generated in the first week of June to Amici, a registered charitable organization. Amici is dedicated to sending children from low income families to overnight summer camps all across Ontario.
The British Institute of Facilities Management (BIFM) shortlists SmartAlarm Gold system from VPS in the BIFM Awards 2013
VPS are the largest vacant property specialists in Europe, securing more than 90,000 properties and employing over 2000 staff in 100 locations across the UK, the US, and mainland Europe. They specialise in securing, maintaining and managing vacant property across a wide range of customer and industry sectors, working with facility managers, local authorities and the UK's leading construction companies, property developers, estate managers and insolvency practitioners.
British Transport Police focus on roads and ports to target stolen scrap metal
British Transport Police (BTP) officers across the country last week carried out a series of linked operations with a number of agencies to enforce recent changes to the laws governing scrap metal dealing across England and Wales.
Undercover locksmith investigation on TV
"I'm mad as hell," Jerry Goodwin exclaimed, standing on his back deck in Acworth, "They said it'd cost about 100 bucks." He was talking about a bill he got from a locksmith who replaced his lock, reports US TV Channel 11Alive.
"It was 424 dollars! They said, 'Oh yeah it'd cost a 100 bucks', a 30 dollar call out and 70 dollars, to replace the lock."
Jerry Goodwin is not alone. The Governor's Office of Consumer Protection has been getting complaints about locksmiths, accused of gouging customers.
EU directive on network and information security: call for evidence
The European Commission published a proposal for a directive for network and information security on 7 February 2013. This was accompanied by a cyber security strategy that contains non-legislative measures on a broad range of issues. These documents can be found on the European Commission website.
At-risk industrial units should consider benefits of a Keyhold
Operators of industrial units can prevent employees being threatened or injured or disturbed out of hours when attending security alerts, if they look at a Keyhold from Sector Security that will safeguard both employee safety and wellbeing.
Westminster locks out metal theft with Taylor-made bin device
Westminster City Council will be rolling out a new waste bin container-locking device across the borough this summer following successful security trials earlier this year.
The patented bin container locking device from Taylor, Slam-Lock, has been developed in conjunction with the council and waste contractor Veolia Environmental Services
It is designed to deter metal theft in the borough and will support the council in its waste reduction efforts.
G4S boss quits
Chief executive Nick Buckles, who was instrumental in creating the G4S business through the merger of Securicor and the security businesses of Group 4 Falck in 2004, stands down.He is to retire from the company and will be replaced on June 1 by Ashley Almanza, who has held senior roles at oil and gas group BG Group.
G4S's Olympics failure saw Mr Buckles appear before MPs, during which he admitted it was a "humiliating shambles for the company." Extra military personnel had to be called in to fill the gap left by G4S's failure to supply enough staff for the £284m contract for the Games, held in London last year.
Yale books 'safecation' for locksmiths
Yale is turning up the heat on potential sales for locksmiths this summer through its first 'Safecation' campaign. Building on the success of Yale's 'We Love Locks' initiative - launched in February - the company is assisting locksmiths in giving Britain a safe summer through increased security awareness and use of its products.
Free bike locks handed out to commuters
Free bike security locks were on offer at Bedford Railway Station recently in an attempt to cut the number of cycle thefts, reports Bedford Today.
First Capital Connect (FCC) and the British Transport Police (BTP) stepped up their campaign against cycle crime at Bedford railway station by handing out free high security locks worth around £40.
Tributes to locksmith and charity worker Andy
The funeral of a well known Seaford locksmith, who had been working in the town for more than 30 years, was held at St Leonard's Church in Seaford on Friday May 24.
Andy Anderson, who opened County Hardware in the town, passed away peacefully on Friday May 10, aged 80, with his wife of 51 years, Barbara, by his side.


text:
Support Line: 01454 422701
APPEAL Together We Are Stronger
CAMPAIGNING & RESEARCH
Quiz master creates bespoke virtual quiz for Brain Tumour Support
James Ashton, an actor and quiz master whose family has been affected by a brain tumour diagnosis, has designed a unique virtual quiz with all proceeds going to Brain Tumour Support.
In return for donations, participants get to vote on what categories they would like to see in the quiz, which takes place on Friday 31st July at 7pm.
"This year I turn 40 and to celebrate I want to raise vital funds for a charity that is close to my heart, all while having a lot of fun at the same time," said James, an experienced quiz master who has been hosting socially distanced quizzes for his neighbours during lockdown. He has set up a fundraising page and is aiming to raise £1,000. Every donation made will be matched by up to 200% by an anonymous donor.
Anyone wishing to take part in the quiz, or donate to James' fundraiser, simply needs to go to https://www.gofundme.com/f/james-ashton039s-brain-tumour-support-build-a-quiz and follow the instruction on the page.
"It's going to be a great night's entertainment," said Nadya Anscombe, PR and Communication Manager for Brain Tumour Support. "The funds raised by James and his supporters will help us ensure our charity survives this challenging time. With traditional fundraising events such as marathons, skydives and cake sales not taking place, our income has plummeted. So it is wonderful to see our supporters finding new ways of raising funds, having fun and above all, bringing people together. Because together we are stronger."
Brain Tumour Support has launched Together We Are Stronger, a major appeal to ensure the charity's survival so that it is able to support more brain tumour patients and families in the future.
#virtualquiz #pubquiz #fridaynightin #braintumour #braincancer #braintumours
Christmas Wishes from Brain Tumour Support
It's Appreciation Week at Brain Tumour Support!
Introducing our Support Sessions
Lancaster House, Bristol Road,
Thornbury, South Gloucestershire
BS35 3JA United Kingdom
© 2021 Brain Tumour Support
info@braintumoursupport.co.uk

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Bob Jackson was a rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s.  He played for Canterbury-Bankstown in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition.

Playing career
Jackson joined Canterbury in 1941 making his debut against Western Suburbs.

Jackson played at five-eighth in 1941 but moved to the wing for the start of the 1942 season.  He was a member of the 1942 Premiership winning team and scored Canterbury's only try in the grand final defeating St. George 11–9 at the Sydney Cricket Ground.

This would prove to be Canterbury's last premiership for 38 years until the club won their third title in 1980.  Jackson then played for Valleys in the local Brisbane competition during the war years and after that moved to Cairns and Townsville.

Jackson captained a North Queensland representative side against the visiting British Lions in 1946. Jackson was later the secretary of the Victorian Rugby League.

References

Australian rugby league players
Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs players
Rugby league wingers
Rugby league players from New South Wales
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Microsoft Buys Activision
New Moon Knight trailer
New Amazon tablet to have a cheap, loss-making price?
By Marc Chacksfield published 8 August 11
Could be lowered to entice users to buy more content
Amazon's Kindle successor could come at a discount
A new report by PC Mag is suggesting that Amazon may be ready to take a revenue hit on its new tablet range and could well offer it at a cut price.
In what would be a Trojan-Horse-style strategy, PC Mag is suggesting that Amazon could offer the device as a loss maker but make its money back on the apps, music and ebooks you would buy for the product.
Amazon has created a pretty strong eco-system over the last year, with the launch of the Amazon Cloud Drive, the Amazon Appstore and in the UK the acquisition of LoveFilm.
The Kindle, for all its success – it is still Amazon's best-ever-selling product – has only really tapped into Amazon's extensive ebook library, so there is room for the company to launch a fully fledged tablet that makes use of all the goodies Amazon has on offer.
As PC Mag says in its report: "If Amazon provides a product that is sold under cost with the goal of making up the rest of the cost and profit from apps, services, and even advertising, it could give all of the other Android vendors a serious run for their money."
And if this happens, then we may well have a real battle on our hands in the burgeoning tablet market.
Marc Chacksfield
Marc Chacksfield is the Editor In Chief, Shortlist.com at DC Thomson. He started out life as a movie writer for numerous (now defunct) magazines and soon found himself online - editing a gaggle of gadget sites, including TechRadar, Digital Camera World and Tom's Guide UK. At Shortlist you'll find him mostly writing about movies and tech, so no change there then.
See more Tablets news
The creators of Wallace & Gromit are making a 'mad, open world' game
First trailer for Marvel's Moon Knight sets up a trippy, globe-trotting adventure
Marriage on the Metaverse - India's first is scheduled for February 6


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Home»Archives»45: CURATING THE BEST REPORTING (Page 3)
Reuters: Trump Breaks with Bannon, says former aid 'lost his mind'
By Peter Lance on January 4, 2018 45: CURATING THE BEST REPORTING, THE RUSSIA-TRUMP CONNECTION
Steve Holland January 3rd, 2018 WASHINGTON (Reuters) – President Donald Trump on Wednesday blasted former White House chief strategist Steve Bannon as having "lost his mind" in the fallout over damaging comments Bannon made about Trump's son Donald Trump Jr. in excerpts from a new book. CLICK IMAGE for direct link to Reuters story. Trump, who […]
Time: Donald Trump Jr. makes the cover
By Peter Lance on July 14, 2017 45: CURATING THE BEST REPORTING, THE RUSSIA-TRUMP CONNECTION
David Von Drehle July 12th, 2017 The most pressing question of our time might be: How bad is it? As a candidate and now as President, Donald Trump has smashed the gauges that once tracked the normal temperature, pressure and wind speed in the climate map of American politics. Now when it feels like the barometer […]
Chicago Tribune: Peter W. Smith, GOP operative who sought Clinton's emails from Russian hackers, committed suicide, records show
Katherine Skiba, David Heinemann and Todd Lighty July 13, 2017 Days earlier, the financier from suburban Lake Forest gave an interview to the Journal about his quest, and it began publishing stories about his efforts in late June. The Journal also reported it had seen emails written by Smith showing his team considered retired Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn, […]
Rachel Maddow: Behavior by Trump-lawyers raises questions of competence
Editor's note: Rachel Maddow filed an extraordinary piece tonight on all the President's lawyers. THE RACHEL MADDOW SHOW 7/13/17 Trump lawyer e-mail meltdown raises questions of competence Rachel Maddow looks at the oddly aggressive streak in Donald Trump's legal team and reports on an angry meltdown by the head of Trump's legal team, Marc Kasowitz, in […]
FP: DOJ Settled Massive Russian Fraud Case Involving Lawyer Who Met With Trump Jr.
BY JENNA MCLAUGHLIN JULY 12, 2017 Democratic congressmen on the House Judiciary Committee want to know why Attorney General Jeff Sessions abruptly settled a money laundering case in May involving the same Russian attorney who met with Donald Trump Jr. during the presidential election to offer "dirt" on Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton. CLICK IMAGE ABOVE for direct link to […]
McClatchy: Trump-Russia investigators probe Jared Kushner-run digital operation
BY PETER STONE AND GREG GORDON JULY 12, 2017 Investigators at the House and Senate Intelligence committees and the Justice Department are examining whether the Trump campaign's digital operation – overseen by Jared Kushner – helped guide Russia's sophisticated voter targeting and fake news attacks on Hillary Clinton in 2016. CLICK IMAGE ABOVE for direct link […]
NYT Editorial: Donald Trump Jr. Makes the Russian Connection
By THE EDITORIAL BOARD Published JULY 12, 2017 All along, the truth was right there in the emails — Donald Trump Jr.'s emails, that is, which he released publicly on Twitter Tuesday morning after learning that The New York Times was about to publish their contents. CLICK IMAGE ABOVE for direct link to NYT Opinion Page In language so blunt and obvious […]
NYT: Trump Jr. Emails on Russia Meeting
On Tuesday morning, after being told that The Times was about to publish the content of emails setting up a meeting with a Kremlin-connected lawyer, Donald J. Trump Jr. posted the email chain on Twitter, along with a comment. CLICK IMAGE ABOVE for direct link to emails at nyt.com The emails, from June 2016, are between Donald […]
NYT: Russian Dirt on Clinton? 'I Love It,' Donald Trump Jr. Said.
By JO BECKER, ADAM GOLDMAN and MATT APUZZO JULY 11, 2017 The June 3, 2016, email sent to Donald Trump Jr. could hardly have been more explicit: One of his father's former Russian business partners had been contacted by a senior Russian government official and was offering to provide the Trump campaign with dirt on Hillary Clinton. CLICK IMAGE ABOVE for […]
NYT: Trump Jr. Was Told of Moscow's Link
By MATT APUZZO, JO BECKER, ADAM GOLDMAN and MAGGIE HABERMAN JULY 10, 2017 WASHINGTON — Before arranging a meeting with a Kremlin-connected Russian lawyer he believed would offer him compromising information about Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump Jr. was informed in an email that the material was part of a Russian government effort to aid his father's candidacy, according to three people […]


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Forward Sells to a Texas Shop
Forward Management [profile] has found a buyer.
This morning John Blaisdell, chairman and CEO of Salient Partners [profile], confirms that the Houston-based asset manager is acquiring San Francisco-based Forward. If it goes through, the deal will create an asset manager with more than $27 billion in combined assets. and more than 250 employees in Houston, New York, and San Francisco.
"The combined platform will add scale, reach and depth to all areas of our business, helping us support institutional investors and financial advisors nationwide," Blaisdell states.
Blaisdell will continue as chairman and CEO of the combined company, and Salient's Lee Partridge will serve as chief investment officer. Forward chief operating officer Rob Naka will become COO of the combined company.
Salient notes that "Forward's investment approach and processes are anticipated to remain unchanged" and that the Forward team "will continue to operate from its existing San Francisco office.
The combined firm's product lineup will cover: diversifying alternative investments; fixed income investments; focused equity investments; global asset allocation; and real asset investments like infrastructure strategies, MLPs, and REITs. The FWD Thinking blog and the Salient Epsilon Theory newsletter will both continue.
Founded in 1998 by billionaire Gordon Getty (son of oil baron Paul Getty) as Webster Investment Management, Forward rebranded three years later to match its Forward Funds brand. The subadvised mutual fund shop worked with about $6 billion as of December 31, 2014.


text:
Savvy::render() object test
--FILE--
<?php
require dirname(__FILE__) . '/../test_framework.php.inc';
chdir(__DIR__);
$savvy = new Savvy();

class Foo
{
    public $var1;
    function __toString()
    {
        return 'test';
    }
}

$object = new Foo();
$object->var1  = ' is my class';

$savvy->setEscape();

$test->assertEquals('Foo is my class', $savvy->render($object), 'render object');

$test->assertEquals('test', $savvy->render($object, 'echostring.tpl.php'), 'render object with custom template');

?>
===DONE===
--EXPECT--
===DONE===

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Does the UK have a constitution?
At the 2021 Cambridge Sixth Form Law Conference, I gave a talk that explored the question: 'Does the UK have a constitution?' The question is worth asking — and attempting to answer — for at least a couple of reasons. First, the fact that the UK lacks a 'written constitution' not infrequently leads to the … Continue reading Does the UK have a constitution?
March 28, 2021 October 17, 2021 2021, constitutional law, public law
Response to the Attorney-General's Public Law Project keynote speech
On 19 October 2021, the Attorney-General gave a major speech to the Public Law Project's judicial review conference. In the speech, she argued that courts have been improperly interfering in political matters and considers what steps might be taken in order to remedy this. In this video, I argue that the Attorney-General's claims regarding improper … Continue reading Response to the Attorney-General's Public Law Project keynote speech
Undermining the rule of law? A comment on the Justice Secretary's Sunday Telegraph interview
Today's Sunday Telegraph features an extraordinary interview with the UK Government's Justice Secretary, Dominic Raab. The report raises three issues of significant constitutional concern: that the Government may be contemplating further changes to judicial review in the light of recent judgments to which it takes exception; that the Government is considering undermining through domestic law … Continue reading Undermining the rule of law? A comment on the Justice Secretary's Sunday Telegraph interview
October 17, 2021 2021, ECHR, Human Rights Act, judicial review, parliamentary sovereignty, rule of law, separation of powers
Devolution in the Supreme Court: Legislative supremacy, Parliament's 'unqualified' power, and 'modifying' the Scotland Act
By Mark Elliott and Nicholas Kilford In the Continuity Bill Reference, the Supreme Court advanced a striking analysis of the implications for devolution of the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty — or, more specifically, of the provision in the Scotland Act 1998 that had hitherto been understood merely to affirm that doctrine. The provision in question … Continue reading Devolution in the Supreme Court: Legislative supremacy, Parliament's 'unqualified' power, and 'modifying' the Scotland Act
October 15, 2021 October 15, 2021 2021, constitutional law, devolution, Human Rights Act
Legal exceptionalism in British political discourse: International law, parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law
It doesn't seem (because it isn't) very long since the UK Government planned to get Parliament to enact legislation that would have authorised Ministers to make regulations permitting parts of the Northern Ireland Protocol they don't like to be breached. The Government sensibly dropped this idea in the end: the relevant provisions did not find … Continue reading Legal exceptionalism in British political discourse: International law, parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law
October 10, 2021 October 10, 2021 2021, Brexit, constitutional law, parliamentary sovereignty, rule of law
1,000 words: Constitutional conventions
When the United Kingdom Parliament wishes to make law by enacting a piece of legislation, three things must normally happen. First, the 'bill' (as legislation is known until it is enacted) must be approved by a majority of MPs in the House of Commons. Second, unless a special procedure under the Parliament Acts 1911 and … Continue reading 1,000 words: Constitutional conventions
October 7, 2021 October 7, 2021 2021, constitutional conventions
Constitutional Law, Studying & Teaching
Constitutional Law: The Big Picture VI — Drawing Conclusions
In this series of posts and accompanying videos, I have considered how the UK constitution works by looking at a range of issues and attempting to draw connections between them, with a view to considering whether (and, if so, to what extent) the constitution functions satisfactorily. To the extent that it does, this is largely … Continue reading Constitutional Law: The Big Picture VI — Drawing Conclusions
September 27, 2021 October 7, 2021 2021, big picture lectures, constitutional law
Constitutional Law: The Big Picture V — Lessons from EU Membership
So far in this series of posts and accompanying videos, I have introduced an overarching question about the nature of the UK constitution — and, in particular, about whether it is really as flexible as is commonly supposed — and have considered that question in relation to judicial review, the protection of human rights and … Continue reading Constitutional Law: The Big Picture V — Lessons from EU Membership
June 29, 2021 October 7, 2021 2021, big picture lectures, constitutional law, EU law, parliamentary sovereignty
Constitutional Law: The Big Picture IV — The Territorial Constitution
This is the fourth in a series of posts and accompanying videos on the UK constitution. In earlier pieces in this series, I introduced it and went on to consider judicial review and human rights. The overall aim of this set of posts and videos is to explore the nature of the UK constitution through … Continue reading Constitutional Law: The Big Picture IV — The Territorial Constitution
June 17, 2021 October 7, 2021 2021, big picture lectures, constitutional law, devolution
Constitutional Law, Human Rights, Studying & Teaching
Constitutional Law: The Big Picture III — Human Rights
The first two pieces in this set of blogposts introduced the series of accompanying lectures and considered the role of judicial review. The overarching purpose of the series is to explore the nature of the United Kingdom's constitution by asking whether it is better understood as ultimately malleable and flexible — such that a sovereign … Continue reading Constitutional Law: The Big Picture III — Human Rights
June 7, 2021 October 7, 2021 2021, big picture lectures, constitutional law, human rights, Human Rights Act, parliamentary sovereignty
Oxford and Cambridge Independent Human Rights Act Review event
The Faculty of Law at Cambridge, jointly with the University of Oxford's Law Faculty, hosted a 'virtual roadshow' on 2 June 2021 as part of the Independent Human Rights Act Review. The event brought together members of the IHRAR Panel, academics from the two universities and members of the public. The aim of the event … Continue reading Oxford and Cambridge Independent Human Rights Act Review event
June 6, 2021 October 6, 2021 2021, human rights, Human Rights Act


Save Kenji to your Collection. Register Now!
Kenji Hirata's artwork in form and color is strongly inspired by nature, billboards and hand painted signage of Southeast Asia, and futurism.
The theme that runs through Hirata's body of work is a story he has created, in which an entire universe exists. His paintings, drawings, and films provide glimpses into this universe.
Hirata has developed a language of icons and symbols, which take on new meanings as they are combined and recombined throughout his abstract and figurative works.
Hirata creates his work for an open mind. He intends to speak to the childlike part of the viewer that is not jaded and can imagine the right direction for the future with clear vision.
"Kenji is exactly the type of artist I want for exhibition in the museum. His work is fun and futuristic and pulled completely from his mind. His works are inspired by nature and he claims that they are mere "glimpses into his universe". His murals would revive any depressing city and surely improve their perception while also inspiring change and revitalization. The brilliant colors and his use of space, proportion, and shape stirs your energy. It's hard not to smile."
very interesting. many colors put together. in different shapes and forms. brilint. very pleased. i adore it. very abstract.
so cool! the colors are brilliant and all those lines and shapes formed geometricaly looked organic in away. fantastic.
go to the artist's website and WATCH the MOVIE - fascinating and mesmerizing!!
Love your paintings. I love color and anything that stirs my energy. I have been painting for 8 years and I am still looking for the right style and to stick with it. I think I am almost there, but your work makes me want to go outside and paint, paint, paint.
so creative and nice colors... love your work.


Chronic pain is a long-lasting pain, as opposed to acute pain, which happens when you hit your finger with a hammer. Examples of chronic pain include pain from rheumatoid arthritis and cancer pain, and it can be caused by a variety of sources. In a review of scientific studies, researchers found that taking cannabis was generally associated with improvements in chronic pain measures.1 The conditions that they reviewed were chronic pain that was related to: neuropathy, cancer pain, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal issues, and chemotherapy-induced pain.1 The relation of these types of pain to the endocannabinoid system, and how cannabis exactly acts on them, is dependent on the condition. Illustration: The first step in the perception of pain is activation of nociceptor and an action potential is generated and conducted towards the central nervous system by afferent neurons. There are two types of neurons: the Að-neurons and the C-neurons. The former are myelinated neurons which measure 1-5μm in diameter; they have a quick, sharp pain (fast fiber pain). The latter are unmyelinated neurons with a small diameter (o.3μm) and have a relatively slow conductance of action potentials (slow fiber pain). C-neurons react to mechanic, thermal and chemical stimuli and are responsible for deep, arching and poorly localized (slow fiber) pain. Cell bodies of nociceptive neurons are localised in the spinal ganglia. The second step in pain perception is the transmission of information from the nociceptors to the spinal cord. The afferent nociceptive neurons connect in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to a complex of other neurons. When the pain signal is transported further, the signal will first pass the anterior commissure to go to the brain on the contralateral side. The third step is the onward transmission of pain information to higher brain centres. The signal can enter the brain via the spinothalamic tract. This tract projects via the medulla and midbrain to the thalamus, which projects further to the somatosensory cortex and limbic system. Pharmacological treatment of pain is focused on decrease of pain stimulators at the level of nociceptors, inhibition of transmission of action potentials (e.g. local anaesthetic) and central modulation (e.g. opioids).
Illustration caption and image taken with permission from TRC Pharmacology Database.


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Report Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Criminal Justice System
A Report is an in-depth look at a topic.
Related Topic: Civil and Criminal Justice
Easily browse the critical components of this report…
Jump to Section...
Pretrial Release and Prosecution
Throughout the nation, people of color are far more likely to enter the nation's justice system than the general population. State and federal governments are aware of this disparity, and researchers and policymakers are studying the drivers behind the statistics and what strategies might be employed to address the disparities, ensuring evenhanded processes at all points in the criminal justice system. This primer highlights data, reports, state laws, innovations, commissions, approaches and other resources addressing racial and ethnic disparities within our country's justice systems, to provide information for the nation's decision-makers, state legislators.
Examining the Data and Innovative Justice Responses to Address Disparities
For states to have a clear understanding of the extent of racial and ethnic disparities in the states, they need to have data from all stages of the criminal justice system.
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1. Law Enforcement
Disparities Within Traffic Stops
Contact with law enforcement, particularly at traffic stops, is often the most common interaction people have with the criminal legal system.
According to a large-scale analysis of racial disparities in police stops across the United States, "police stop and search decisions suffer from persistent racial bias." The study, the largest to date, analyzed data on approximately 95 million stops from 21 state patrol agencies and 35 municipal police departments across the country. The authors found Black drivers were less likely to be stopped after sunset, when it is more difficult to determine a driver's race, suggesting bias in stop decisions. Furthermore, by examining the rate at which stopped drivers were searched and turned up contraband, the study found that the bar for searching Black and Hispanic drivers was lower than that for searching white drivers.
The study also investigated the effects of legalization of recreational cannabis on racial disparities in stop outcomes—specifically examining Colorado and Washington, two of the first states to legalize the substance. It found that following the legalization of cannabis, the number of total searches fell substantially. The authors theorized this may have been due to legalization removing a common reason officers cite for conducting searches. Nevertheless, Black and Hispanic drivers were still more likely to be searched than white drivers were post-legalization.
Data Collection Requirements in Statute
At least 23 states and the District of Columbia have laws related to or requiring collection of data when an individual is stopped by law enforcement. Some of these laws specifically prohibit racial profiling or require departments to adopt a policy to the same effect. Collection of demographic data can serve as a means of ensuring compliance with those provisions or informing officials on current practices so they can respond accordingly.
States have employed many reporting or other requirements for evaluation of the data collected under these laws. For example, Montana requires agencies to adopt a policy that provides for periodic reviews to "determine whether any peace officers of the law enforcement agency have a pattern of stopping members of minority groups for violations of vehicle laws in a number disproportionate to the population of minority groups residing or traveling within the jurisdiction…"
Maryland's law requires local agencies to report their data to the Maryland Statistical Analysis Center. The center is then tasked with analyzing the annual reports from local agencies and posting the data in an online display that is filtered by jurisdiction and by each data point collected by officers.
The amount and kind of data collected also varies state by state. Some states leave the specifics to local jurisdictions or require the creation of a form based on statutory guidance, but most require the collection of demographic data including race, ethnicity, color, age, gender, minority group or state of residence. Notably, Missouri's law requires collection of the following 10 data points:
The age, gender and race or minority group of the individual stopped.
The reasons for the stop.
Whether a search was conducted because of the stop.
If a search was conducted, whether the individual consented to the search, the probable cause for the search, whether the person was searched, whether the person's property was searched, and the duration of the search.
Whether any contraband was discovered during the search and the type of any contraband discovered.
Whether any warning or citation was issued because of the stop.
If a warning or citation was issued, the violation charged or warning provided.
Whether an arrest was made because of either the stop or the search.
If an arrest was made, the crime charged.
The location of the stop.
State laws differ as to what kind of stop triggers a data reporting requirement. For example, Florida's law applies to stops where citations are issued for violations of the state's safety belt law. While Virginia's law is broader, requiring all law enforcement to collect data pertaining to all investigatory motor vehicle stops, all stop-and-frisks of a person and all other investigatory detentions that do not result in arrest or the issuance of a summons.
Cultural Competency and Bias Reduction Training for Law Enforcement
At least 48 states and the District of Columbia have statutory training requirements for law enforcement. These laws require law enforcement personnel statewide to be trained on specific topics during their initial training and/or at recurring intervals, such as in-service training or continuing education.
In most states, the law simply requires training on a subject, leaving the specifics to be determined by state training boards or other local authorities designated by law. However, some states, such as Iowa and West Virginia, have very detailed requirements and even specify how many hours are required, the subject of the training, required content, whether the training must be received in person and who is approved to provide the training.
Overall, at least 26 states mandate some form of bias reduction training. Find out more about these laws on NCSL's Law Enforcement Training webpage.
Law Enforcement Employment and Labor Policies
States have also addressed equity and accountability in policing through certification and accountability measures and hiring practices.
For example, a 2020 California law (AB 846) changed state certification requirements by expanding current officer evaluations to screen for various kinds of bias in addition to physical, emotional or mental conditions that might adversely affect an officer's exercise of peace officer powers. The law also requires the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training to study, review and update regulations and screening materials to identify explicit and implicit bias against race or ethnicity, gender, nationality, religion, disability or sexual orientation related to emotional and mental condition evaluations.
In addition to screening, the California law requires every department or agency that employs peace officers to review the job descriptions used in recruitment and hiring and to make changes that deemphasize the paramilitary aspects of the job. The intent is to place more emphasis on community interaction and collaborative problem-solving.
Nevada (AB 409), in 2021, added to statutory certification requirements mandating evaluation of officer recruits to identify implicit bias on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, physical or mental disability, sexual orientation or gender identity expression. That same year, Nevada also enacted legislation (SB 236) that requires law enforcement agencies to establish early warning systems to identify officers who display bias indicators or demonstrate other problematic behavior. It also requires increased supervision, training and, if appropriate, counseling to officers identified by the system. If an officer is repeatedly identified by the early warning system, the law requires the employing agency to consider consequences, including transfer from high-profile assignments
or other means of discipline.
Another area of interest for states has been hiring a more diverse workforce in law enforcement and support agencies. For example, New Jersey SB 2767 (2020) required the state Civil Service Commission to conduct a statewide diversity analysis of the ethnic and racial makeup of all law enforcement agencies in the state.
Finally, at least one state addressed bias in policing through a state civil rights act. Massachusetts (SB 2963) established a state right to bias-free professional policing. Conduct against an aggrieved person resulting in decertification by the Police Office Standards and Training Commission constitute a prima-facie violation of the right to bias-free professional policing. The law also specifies that no officer is immune from civil liability for violating a person's right to bias-free professional policing if the conduct results in officer decertification.
Disproportionality of Native Americans in the Justice System
According to the U.S. Department of Justice, from 2015 to 2019, the number of American Indian or Alaska Native justice-involved individuals housed in local jails for federal correctional authorities, state prison authorities or tribal governments increased by 3.6%. Though American Indian and Alaska Natives make up a small proportion of the national incarcerated population relative to other ethnicities, some jurisdictions are finding they are disproportionately represented in the justice system. For example, in Pennington County, S.D., it is estimated that 10% to 25% of the county's residents are Native American, but they account for 55% of the county's jail population. Similarly, Montana's Commission on Sentencing found that while Native Americans represent 7% of the state's general population, they comprised 17% of those incarcerated in correctional facilities in 2014 and 19% of the state's total arrests in 2015.
2. Pretrial Release and Prosecution
Recently, state laws have authorized or required courts to use pretrial risk assessment tools. There are about two dozen pretrial risk assessment tools in use across the states.
Laws in Alaska, Delaware, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, New Jersey and Vermont require courts to adopt or consider risk assessments in at least some, if not all, cases on a statewide basis. While laws in Colorado, Illinois, Montana, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia and West Virginia authorize or encourage, but do not require, adopting a risk assessment tool on a statewide basis.
This broad state adoption of risk assessment tools raises concern that systemic bias may impact their use. In 2014, U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder said pretrial risk assessment tools "may exacerbate unwarranted and unjust disparities that are already far too common in our criminal justice system and our society."
More than 100 civil rights organizations expressed similar concerns in a statement following a 2017 convening. The dependance of pretrial risk assessment tools on data that reflect systemic bias is the crux of the issue. The statement highlights that police officers disproportionately arrest people of color, which impacts risk assessment tools that rely on arrest data. The statement then set out key principles mitigating harm that may be caused by risk assessments, recognizing their broad use across the country.
The conversation about bias in pretrial risk assessments is ongoing. In 2021, the Urban Institute published the report "Racial Equity and Criminal Justice Risk Assessment." In the report, the authors discuss and make recommendations for policymakers to balance the use of risk assessment as a component of evidence-based practice with pursuing goals of reducing racial and ethnic disparities. The authors state that "carefully constructed and properly used risk assessment instruments that account for fairness can help limit racial bias in criminal justice decision-making."
Academic studies show varied results related to the use of risk assessments and their effect on racial and ethnic disparities in the justice system. One study, "Racist Algorithms or Systemic Problems," concludes "there is currently no valid evidence that instruments in general are biased against individuals of color," and, "Where bias has been found, it appears to have more to do with the specific risk instrument." In another study, "Employing Standardized Risk Assessment in Pretrial Release Decisions," the authors, without making causal conclusions, find that "despite comparable risk scores, African American participants were detained significantly longer than Caucasian participants … and were less likely to receive diversion opportunity."
In a recent report titled "Civil Rights and Pretrial Risk Assessment Instruments," the authors recommend steps to protect civil rights when risk assessment tools are used. The report underscores the importance of expansive transparency throughout design and implementation of these tools. It also suggests more community oversight and governance that promotes reduced incarceration and racially equitable outcomes. Finally, the report suggests decisions made by judges to detain should be rare, deliberate and not dependent solely on pretrial risk assessment instruments.
The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation's Safety and Justice Challenge Initiative has created resources to help policymakers learn about assessment tools and their role in the justice system.
Civil Rights and Pretrial Risk Assessment Instruments
The Present and Future of AI In Pre-Trial Risk Assessment Instruments
Pretrial Risk Assessment Tools: A Primer for Judges, Prosecutors, and Defense Attorneys
States are starting to regulate the use of risk assessments and promote best practices by requiring the tool to be validated on a regular basis, be free from racial or gender bias and that documents, data and records related to the tool be publicly available.
For example, California (2019 SB 36) requires a pretrial services agency validate pretrial risk assessment tools on a regular basis and to make specified information regarding the tool, including validation studies, publicly available. The law also requires the judicial council to maintain a list of pretrial services agencies that have satisfied the validation requirements and complied with the transparency requirements. California published its most recent validation report in June 2021.
Similarly, Idaho (2019 HB 118) now requires all documents, data, records and information used to build and validate a risk assessment tool to be publicly available for inspection, auditing and testing. The law requires public availability of ongoing documents, data, records and written policies on usage and validation of a tool. It also authorizes defendants to have access to calculations and data related to their own risk score and prohibits the use of proprietary tools.
Pretrial Release
A recent report from the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights evaluates the civil rights implications of pretrial release systems across the country.
Notable findings from the report include stark racial and gender disparities in pretrial populations with higher detention rates and financial conditions of release imposed on minority populations. The report also finds that more than 60% of defendants are detained pretrial because of an inability to pay financial conditions of release.
States have recently enacted legislation to address defendants' ability to pay financial conditions of release, with at least 11 states requiring courts to conduct ability-to-pay considerations when setting release conditions. NCSL's Statutory Framework of Pretrial Release report has additional information about state approaches to pretrial release.
Prosecutorial discretion is a term used to describe the power of prosecutors to decide whether to charge a person for a crime, which criminal charges to file and whether to enter into a plea agreement. Some argue this discretion can be a source of disparities within the criminal justice system.
The Prosecutorial Performance Indicators (PPI), developed by Florida International University and Loyola University Chicago, is an example of an effort to address this. PPI provides prosecutors' offices with a method to measure their performance through several indicators, including racial and ethnic disparities. As part of their work to bring accountability and oversight to prosecutorial discretion, PPI has created six measures specifically related to racial and ethnic disparities in the criminal justice system. The PPI measures include the following:
Victimization of Racial/Ethnic Minorities.
Case Dismissal Differences by Victim Race/Ethnicity.
Case Filing Differences by Defendant Race/Ethnicity.
Pretrial Detention Differences by Defendant Race/Ethnicity.
Diversion Differences by Defendant Race/Ethnicity.
Charging and Plea Offer Differences by Defendant Race/Ethnicity.
Below is a table highlighting disparity data discovered through the use of PPI measures, gathered from specific jurisdictions.
Point of Discretion/Jurisdiction
Disparity Data from PPI
Case Dismissal in the 13th Judicial Circuit, Tampa, Fla.
In December 2019, a 6% difference existed in dismissal rates between cases involving Black and white victims, with cases involving Black victims more likely to be dismissed.
Case Filing in Milwaukee County, Wis.
In March 2020, an 11% difference existed in misdemeanor drug case filing rates between Black/Hispanic and white defendants, with Black/Hispanic defendants more likely to have their cases filed.
Pretrial Detention in the 4th Judicial District, Jacksonville, Fla.
In December 2019, a 3% difference existed in pretrial detention rates between Black and white defendants, with Black defendants less likely to be detained.
In December 2019, a 15% difference existed in pretrial detention rates between Hispanic and white defendants, with Hispanic defendants less likely to be detained.
Diversion in Cook County, Ill.
In March 2020, a 6% difference existed in diversion rates between Black and white felony defendants, with Black defendants less likely to be diverted.
In March 2020, an 8% difference existed in diversion rates between Hispanic and white defendants, with Hispanic defendants less likely to be diverted.
Over the three-year period, less than 8% of Black and Hispanic defendants are diverted, compared to 15% of white defendants.
Plea Offer in Cook County, Ill.
In March 2020, a 14% difference existed in rates of pleading guilty to a lesser charge between Black and white defendants, with Black defendants more likely to plead guilty to a lesser charge.
In March 2020, a 12% difference existed in rates of pleading guilty to a lesser charge between Hispanic and white defendants, with Hispanic defendants more likely to plead guilty to a lesser charge.
Charging in Cook County, Ill.
In March 2020, the difference in the average number of charges dropped after filing between Black and white defendants was 1.2, with Black defendants having more charges dropped.
In March 2020, the difference in the average number of charges dropped after filing between Hispanic and white defendants was 1.3, with Hispanic defendants having more charges dropped.
Young People in the Justice System
As is the case in the adult system, compared to young white people, youth of color are disproportionately represented at every stage in the nation's juvenile justice system. Overall juvenile placements fell by 54% between 2001 and 2015, but the placement rate for Black youth was 433 per 100,000, compared to a white youth placement rate of 86 per 100,000. According to a report from the Prison Policy Initiative, an advocacy organization, titled "Youth Confinement: The Whole Pie 2019," 14% of all those younger than 18 in the U.S. are Black, but they make up 42% of the boys and 35% of the girls in juvenile facilities. Additionally, Native American and Hispanic girls and boys are also overrepresented in the juvenile justice system relative to their share of the total youth population. Information from California reveals that prosecutors send Hispanic youth to adult court via "direct file" at over three times the rate of white youth.
At the federal level, the 2018 reauthorized Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act requires states to identify and analyze data on race and ethnicity in state, local and tribal juvenile justice systems. States must identify disparities and develop and implement work plans to address them. States are required to document how they are addressing racial and ethnic disparities and establish a coordinating body composed of juvenile justice stakeholders to advise states, units of local government and Native American tribes. If a state fails to meet the act's requirements, it will result in a 20% reduction of formula grant funding.
An example of a coordinating council that has examined extensive data is the Equity and Justice for All Youth Subcommittee of the Georgia Juvenile Justice State Advisory Group. The group conducted a county-by-county assessment and analysis of disproportionality in Georgia and found one of the most effective ways to reduce disproportionate treatment of youth is to reduce harsh disciplinary measures in schools. This in turn helps reduce disproportionate referrals to the system.
3. Incarceration
Incarceration statistics help paint a picture of the disparities in the criminal justice system. Significant racial and ethnic disparities can be seen in both jails and prisons. According to the MacArthur Foundation's Safety and Justice Challenge website, "While Black and Latinx people make up 30% of the U.S. population, they account for 51% of the jail population."
An October 2021 report from The Sentencing Project, an organization advocating for criminal justice reform, found that "Black Americans are incarcerated in state prisons across the country at nearly five times the rate of whites, and Latinx people are 1.3 times as likely to be incarcerated than non-Latinx whites." At the time of the report, there were 12 states where more than half of the prison population is Black and seven states with a disparity between the Black and white imprisonment rate of more than 9 to 1.
To have a clearer sense of the racial makeup of who is incarcerated at any given time, some systems developed data dashboards to provide information on their jail populations. In Allegheny County, Pa., for instance, the jail data dashboard is publicly available and provides a range of information on who is incarcerated in the jail. The dashboard provides an up-to-the-day look at the race, gender and age of the jail population. According to the dashboard, on average from Jan. 1, 2019, to mid-November 2021, 65% of individuals in the jail were Black.
Dashboards may also be established by the individual state, though these generally look back over a specified time, rather than providing a close-to-live look at the jail population. Colorado passed a law in 2019 (HB 1297) requiring county jails to collect certain data and report it to the state Division of Criminal Justice on a quarterly basis. That data is compiled in a publicly available Jail Data Dashboard. The dashboard includes information on the racial and ethnic makeup of jail populations in the state. In the second quarter of 2021, 88% of people incarcerated in jails in the state were white, 16% were Black, 2% were Native American and 1% were classified as "other race." In the same quarter, ethnicity data for incarcerated people showed 67% were non-Hispanic, 33% were Hispanic and 9% were classified with "unknown ethnicity."
Pennsylvania's Department of Corrections has an online dashboard providing similar information for the state prison population. The dashboard shows Black people make up 12% of the state's overall population but 44% of the population in state correctional institutions, while white people make up 74% of the state population and 45% of the state prison population. While dashboards themselves don't reduce disparities, they help create a clearer understanding of them.
4. Sentencing
Racial and ethnic disparities can also be seen in the sentencing of individuals following a criminal conviction. The use of sentencing enhancements and federal drug sentencing both provide examples of the disparities in sentencing.
Sentencing enhancements in California have been found to be applied disproportionately to people of color and individuals with mental illness according to the state's Committee on Revision of the Penal Code. More than 92% of the people sentenced for a gang enhancement in the state, for instance, are Black or Hispanic. The state has more than 150 different sentence enhancements and more than 80% of people incarcerated in the state are subject to a sentence enhancement.
In response to recommendations from the committee, AB 333 was enacted in 2021 to modify the state's gang enhancement statutes by reducing the list of crimes under which use of the current charge alone creates proof of a "pattern" of criminal gang activity and separates gang allegations from underlying charges at trial.
Impact Statements and Legislative Task Forces
Racial Impact Statements and Data
Legislatures are currently taking many steps to increase their understanding of racial and ethnic disparities in the justice system. In some states, this has taken the form of racial and ethnic impact statements or corrections impact statements.
At least 18 states require corrections impact statements for legislation that would make changes to criminal offenses and penalties. These look at the fiscal impact of policy changes on correctional populations and criminal justice resources. A few states have required the inclusion of information on the impacts of policy changes on certain racial and ethnic groups.
Colorado has taken this approach. The state enacted legislation in 2013 (SB 229) requiring corrections fiscal notes to include information on gender and minority data. In 2019, the state passed legislation (HB 1184) requiring the staff of the legislative council to prepare demographic notes for certain bills. These notes use "available data to outline the potential effects of a legislative measure on disparities within the state, including a statement of whether the measure is likely to increase or decrease disparities to the extent the data is available."
Other states with laws requiring racial and ethnic impact statements include Connecticut, Iowa, Maine, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Oregon and Virginia. Additionally, Florida announced a partnership in July 2019 "between the Florida Senate and Florida State University's College of Criminology & Criminal Justice to analyze racial and ethnic impacts of proposed legislation." Minnesota's Sentencing Commission has compiled racial impact statements for the legislature since 2006, though this is not required in law.
Legislative Studies and Task Forces
States are also taking a closer look at racial disparities within criminal justice systems by creating legislative studies or judicial task forces. These bodies examined disproportionalities in the criminal justice system, investigated possible causes and recommended solutions.
In 2018, Vermont legislatively established the state's Racial Disparities in the Criminal and Juvenile Justice System Advisory Panel. The panel submitted its report to the General Assembly in 2019. Part of the report recommended instituting a public complaint process with the state's Human Rights Commission to address perceived implicit bias across all state government systems. It also recommended training first responders to identify mental health needs, educating all law enforcement officers on bias and racial disparities and adopting a community policing paradigm. Finally, the panel agreed that increased and improved data collection was important to combat racial and ethnic disparities in the justice system. The panel recommended "developing laws and rules that will require data collection that captures high-impact, high-discretion decision points that occur during the judicial processes."
State lawmakers are well positioned to make policy changes to address the racial and ethnic disparities that research has shown are present throughout the criminal justice system. As they continue to develop a greater understanding of these disparities, state legislatures have an opportunity to make their systems fairer for all individuals who encounter the justice system, with the goal of reducing or eliminating racial and ethnic disparities.
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How to Organize a Kids Bedroom + Scouting Toys at Target !!!
Big Toy Box Clean Up. Time for a Toy Donation.
HobbyKids DONATE TOYS! 😀 What Are Your Favorite Charities?
Princess ToysReview Toy Hunt at Toys R Us for donation!
DONATING BUS LOADS $$ OF TOYS FOR CHARITY!! POKEMON CARDS, LEGO, CARS! SPARK OF LOVE/TOYS FOR TOTS!
Selfish Kids Freak OUT about Donating Toys Presents to the Needy!


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Ortiz May Original Series Posters
Merchandise May 2, 2013
Home Merchandise
T'Bonz 7 years ago 1 Comment
A new month means four new original series posters from Juan Ortiz.
This month's posters include ones based on: The Menagerie Part I, Assignment: Earth, Spock's Brain, and Requiem for Methuselah.
Ortiz spoke about his motivation in creating each poster, and he explained which of the four posters was his favorite.
In creating Spock's Brain, much of the poster was filled with colorful swirls. "I wanted an explosion of Spock's thoughts and knowledge," said Ortiz. "So it had to be big in order to convey that. The idea came from watching hours of Monty Python's Flying Circus as a kid."
For Requiem for Methuselah, Flint is holding the Enterprise. "In the episode, Flint shrinks the Enterprise down in order to keep her crew from leaving and telling the universe about him. I thought it would make a good visual if Flint were holding it. It shows off his power and makes him more god-like than if he were empty-handed."
Ortiz's favorite poster is the Assignment: Earth one, for a very male reason. "I love Teri Garr," he said.
The prints, which are sold as a set of four, sell for $34.95 and can purchased here.
Click on the thumbnails for larger images.
Source: StarTrek.com
Topics: Ortiz, Posters
What do you think? Chat with other fans in the at The Trek BBS.
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I don't think that would be tasty.
In england we have a chip butty. Fries in a burger bun. But only the northerners really eat it.
I would put a hash brown into it instead.
Potato bread is so delicious though.
Maybe if it's boiled potato, smashed with olive oil and salt could be decent.


A remarkable percentage of the Nigerian population has been reduced to helpless workers who depend on the goodwill of constituted authorities without who they will have little chance of getting their daily bread. There's another community, or communities, united by a commitment to greed and other flashes of corruption, a conclave of iniquities which cuts across generations, gender, ethnicity and orientations, the rumps of national and international embarrassments who are sworn to their own self-centeredness. There is also the category of the citizenry which prefers to deny both affection and connection to the country of their blood; these are the ones who scamper at the mention or reference to the name; when they travel, they put the green passport away or cover it in any other colour but green, because the Nigerian green is a nightmare at every step.
There are many who hustle by honest means, who spend their days on the road, by the roadside, in the forests, desert and the swamps of the land, men and women of meagre means who know nothing about forex but whose destiny of survival is compromised every day by the deft game of numbers by the stock exchange speculators. There is the talented tenth available in every corner of the geography, the industrious ones who refuse to succumb to the onerous odds against the dream; undaunted and untainted, they continue to excel, even better when they are pitted against other people of excellence from other nations. For this category of people, to thrive further is to exit from the state, emigrate probably forever, or depart and return and depart again from the stifling state. Yet, there is a fractional percentage of this category who chooses to stay against all odds.
The helpless worker, the worker of iniquities, the disclaimer, the honest hustler, and the talented tenth, all Nigerian subjects are beholden to the most unique group, the party of partisan politicians who rule, reign and deal with the land and its people and minerals. These are the maze breakers, the fence benders, the budget padmasters, the thirty-percenters, the failed actors and squirmy singers, the chorus of ayes, the currency peddlers, the gun runners, the ones who by their own garrulous vacuity have invited a festoon of plagues on the bellies of this land. Yet they run their wealth freely and come but once in an election year; they also advertise their achievements in the imagination of the people. Carpet-baggers of no mean ideology, they make no common sense; common sense finds them not. The party of partisan politicians are also executively prebendal; those among them who are progressive are thin in number or significance. This, indeed, is the best worst time to be a Nigerian.


Cloudmine - New Start - Warszawa. Warsaw.
This is a place where you will buy a present for yourself and others. Cloudmine boutique opens its doors once again in Saska Kępa.
It has been operating in the same place (Paryska Street 17) however, before it shared the space with a befriended brand – Polly. Right now there is only Cloudmine left. The interior of the shop has slightly changed and the range of products extended.
Elegant yet unpretentious interior is an emanation of the style of its owner- Marianna Grzywaczewska. She is an example of a versatile female. She selects and sells vintage clothes by the name Volupte, organizes the Bakalie market, engages in the Demokracja Ilustrowana (Democracy Illustrated) project. But most of all, she promotes Polish fashion, design, illustration under the label Cloudmine. Moreover, she designs herself her own series of clothes, accessories and items with a characteristic cloud as a trademark.
We visit the boutique when we want to buy a unique present. The selection is vast: jewellery (for example by Anna Ławska, Marcelina Jarnuszkiewicz, Animal Kingdom, KOPI), ceramics (Fenek, JAD), framed graphics and photos, lingerie (Rilke), books and cosmetics.
We also drop by when we need a special outfit. Natalia Siebuła has her own stationary sale point here, another separate corner belongs to Ania Kuczyńska. There are Volupte retro clothes, dresses by Justyna Chrabelska, tights by Fiore, bags by Przywara Strzałka, glasses by Sirène, "Liberté" T-shirts by Janina Warsaw, shoes by Balagan. Plants and wicker baskets by Plantarium are novelty here as well as temporary exhibitions. Now you can admire and buy works by Tymek Jezierski.
Prices range from 40 PLN and above. But you do not need to have a full wallet to visit this place. It is a pure pleasure just to look at the well arranged space. Window displays already have their fans among the elderly residents of Saska Kępa who regularly admire and praise that so many interesting things are happening in Polish fashion and design.
20.10. Weekend is finally here!


This design is a culmination of a couple of years of tinkering.
It started simply enough, when I noticed that the Infinity speaker stand taking up space in my garage looked like a speaking rostrum. Tabletop style.
The first generation of prototyping was simply to paint the woodgrain stand black, attach some textured vinyl (courtesy of my son's used binder), and mounted a male microphone mount.
I tried various mic styles on it for use and display purposes, then it found its way back to the garage once again. Taking up precious shelf space.
While shopping at my local auto parts store, I spied the racing steering wheel at a very reasonable price. The brain started to go snap-crackle-pop. I didn't buy the wheel, not in budget.
On my latest trip to the local auto parts store over the weekend, I had formed a vision of the steering wheel on the rostrum. Why? No real reason. So I bought the wheel. I deserved it for doing greasemonkey work all day.
I tried various methods of attaching the wheel to the mic stand, and various microphones. Last evening I hit the combo. The mic is an Italian Paso on original gooseneck. An eBay purchase of a couple years back. I securely assembled all components, and soldered a surface mount XLR connector to the cable, which was then screwed to the back of the rostrum. It looks and sounds great!
Have a question or a request?


This is what they look like straight from Anvil Industries.
I was looking for a little more of a GW aesthetic, so I replaced the helmets with some Grey Knights heads, swapped out the shoulderpads and put some regular backpacks on. I think the effect works. You'll notice that in the picture below, I have Chaos Marines backpacks on. I changed my mind and went with regular loyalist backpacks.
After a little painting, they're really fitting in with the rest of the army. I only got two of them done, but a little free time and I'll be able to crank out the rest. I think the smaller backpacks were a good idea.
In this shot, you can see the backs of the legs. They have cabling running up the backs of the calves. I like the idea for the heavy weapons. I like to think that they're extra power assist systems to handle the recoil of an Autocannon.


text:
Car crashes into power pole in Pleasant Hill
Officials said the woman was taken to the hospital as a precaution, but no one was hurt.
Updated: Mar 16, 2018 5:41 PM
Posted By: Jessica Babb
PLEASANT HILL, Ore. -- Officials said a woman who fell asleep at the wheel Friday morning crashed into a power pole and caused it to fall on another car.
The crash happened around 8:30 on Jasper Road in Pleasant Hill.
Officials said the woman was headed south when she crossed the center lane and hit the pole on the other side of the road. They said she woke up and regained control of her car, but the pole fell onto a car headed north.
The man driving that car said the pole went across the hood and the transformer crashed right in front of his face and shattered his windshield.
"Well at first I thought she hit ice, my adrenaline was going so hard," Ken Gates, the other driver, said. "I was just pumped up, man. I just got out, got down there and checked her out to make sure she was alright and I was a little shaky for a while. I had to go get a Pepsi."
Car crashes into pole, causing nearly 1,300 to lose power
Pleasant Hill house engulfed in flames
Crews contain field fire in Pleasant Hill
Explosive fire in Pleasant Hill, multiple crews on scene
Residents in Pleasant Hill wake up to loud explosions
Pleasant Hill students prepare for careers in animal, agricultural sciences
Pleasant Hill High School raising funds for new greenhouse
Deputies seek public's help identifying suspects in Pleasant Hill theft
Coburg car crash causes power outage


Luminous Landscape Forum > Equipment & Techniques > Digital Projection Tools and Techniques > Powerpoint?
I recently supplied some of my images for use in a Powerpoint presentation. The images I provided had been resized to 1024 x 768, suitably sharpened, corrected etc. When I saw the projected presentation I was disappointed by the quality, which did not match the same images projected using other software. Does Powerpoint alter images in any way when they are brought into it?
Just like Word, it resamples (using a rubbish algorithm) any images to the dimensions allowed by the template/slide layout, assuming the DPI value saved in the file. If you supply images at exactly the right DPI and pixel size for the output device, and the person who puts them in knows what (s)he is doing and sizes them at 100%, then they will look fine. Otherwise, they will look soft and fuzzy.
Perhaps the image was dropped into a 'container' smaller than the pixels would dictate?


text:
Tracing the Exclusion of the Rohingya in Myanmar: Research Notes
Asst. Prof. Dr. Imtiyaz Yusuf
Director of the Center for Buddhist-Muslim Understanding
College of Religious Studies
Mahidol University
Salaya, Thailand
Myanmar is a non-secular Buddhist majority country. The majority of Myanmar peoples are Buddhist, including both ethnic Burmans and non-Burman ethnic minorities. Buddhists make up 89.8 percent of the population, Christians 6.3 percent and Muslims 2.3 percent. In the contemporary climate of Myanmar, Many Buddhists see Islam as a threat to Buddhism; they use Bangladesh, Indonesia and Afghanistan as examples of Islam's takeover of previously Buddhist majority locations.
Myanmar was born out of the ashes of the murder of its integrationist freedom fighter leader General Aung San, the father of Aung San Suu Kyi. He was assassinated on July 19, 1947, a few months before the independence of Burma on January 4, 1948. His legacy of seeking integration and the violence associated with his murder still alludes Myanmar today. These research notes witll set forth the history of Muslims in Mynamar as in attempt to understand the contemporary exclusion of the Rohingya from the modern nation-state of Mynamar and to argue for the continued failure of Myanmar to become a multicultural society of ethnoreligious equality and plurality.
Defining the Muslim Community
The Burmese Muslim community is largely composed of traders and ulama who are economically well-off but have not worked the fields of education, science, engineering, medicine, technology and business management. There are also several prominent law specialists among them.
In its 69 years of existence, Myanmar has been dominated politically by the Bamar Buddhist majority which espouses a Bamar racist interpretation of Buddhism. The Bamar and the other 135 distinct ethnic groups are officially grouped into eight "major national ethnic races" viz., Bamar, Chin, Kachin, Kayin, Kayah, Mon, Rakhine, and Shan. These national, ethnic races are officially recognized as the original natives of the country of Myanmar. Others are classified as outsiders or illegal immigrants, as is the case for the Rohingya Muslims.
Muslims in Myanmar are divided into four groups:
1) Indian Muslims known as Chulias, Kaka, and Pathans were brought by British colonizers to administer the colony. They resided largely in the colonial capital city of Yangon which at one time was 56 percent Indian. These Indian Muslims were economically successful as factory and dock workers, as well as gems traders, and business owners. Indian Muslims speak Urdu and follow the Indian Muslim religious traditions of the Barelwi, Deobandi, and Tabligh Jamaat. They often rely exclusively on the religious authority of the Maulvis and send their children to Indian styled Islamic schools, madrasa. Male graduates of theses Indian madrasas typically take on the management of family businesses, and women become house wives.
Within the history of nation building of Burma, the Indian Muslim community has a very mixed past. In addition to the military coup in 1962 where General Ne Win expelled 300,000 Indians from Burma to India, Myanmar witnessed two anti-Indian riots in 1930 and 1938, the later being explicitly against Muslims.
The prominent Indian Muslims of Burma include the last Mughal king Bahadur Shah and Mr. U Rasak. Bahadur Shah was exiled by the British to Rangoon after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. His mausoleum is located at No. 6 Theatre Road in Yangon. It has become a Sufi shrine. Mr. U Razak (1898 – 1947) was a prominent secular Burmese politician of Tamil ancestry who deeply loved Burma and called for unity between Burmese Muslims and Buddhists. Being an educator, he learned Pali and Theravada Buddhism and founded the Mandalay College (now Mandalay University). He was the Minister of Education and on the National Planning in General Aung San's pre-independence interim government. He was also the chairman of the Burma Muslim Congress. U Razak was assassinated, along with Aung San on July 19, 1947.
2) Pathi or Zerbadee are the Burmese Muslim offspring from the intermarriage of Persian/Indian Muslim men and Burman/other women. They see themselves as different from other Muslim groups both racial and culturally and as closer to Buddhist Burmese, both ethnically and culturally. They distance themselves from Indian Muslims whose religious lives are influenced by the Indian theological schools of Barelwi and Deoband. The Zerbadee Muslims are caught between the Burmese Buddhists with whom they share the same racial and cultural identity but not a religious identity and Indian Muslims whom they share a religious identity but not a cultural identity. They are a minority of a minority in Mynamar.
3) Panthay or Hui Muslim of Chinese background are culturally Chinese engaging in business and trading occupations. They mostly migrated from the southwestern Chinese province of Yunnan during the 13th century and also during 1949 when fleeing Chinese communist persecution. They have mostly settled around the northern city of Mandalay.
4) Rohingya numbering around one million are natives of the Rakhine state which was formerly the Arakan Kingdom. The Rohingya are designated as illegal Bengali migrants from Bangladesh and are discriminately referred to as the "kalla" - dark skinned people. The Rohingya, also known as the Arakan Muslims, have a long historical presence in the modern nation-state of Burma. They have been in the area of Burma since the times of the ancient Arakan kingdom along with Arakan Buddhist. Their place in the history of Burma in relation to Arakan Buddhist has now been denied, and this has further weakened their claims as legitimate Myanmar citizens.
Rohingya History in the Myanmar Narrative
The historical presence of the Arakan Muslims in today's state of Myanmar is rooted in the past when state borders did not exist and there was free movement between Chittagong in Bengal. Politically, Arakan Muslims are connected to the time of Kingdom of Mrauk U which existed from 1430 until 1785 which ruled over much of present day Bangladesh and Burma. The Kingdom of Mrauk-U's founder and the last king was Naramikhla Min Saw Mon, a Buddhist also known as Suleiman Shah. He became king in 1404 but was driven out in 1406. He lived as an exile in Bengal for 24 years, regaining his throne in 1430 with the military support of Sultan Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah of the Sultanate of Bengal.
From 1430 to 1531 Mrauk U was a protectorate of the Bengal Sultanate, as a vassal state of the Buddhist kings of Arakan, the court officials and military leaders held Islamic titles. Islamic gold dinar coins from Bengal were legal tender within the kingdom. King Narameikhla minted coins with Burmese characters on one side and Persian characters on the other. In the 16th and 17th century, Mrauk U was an important maritime port which could be reached by large trading ships in the Bay of Bengal.
In 1784, the Bamar king Bodawpaya invaded and conquered the Arakan kingdom and incorporated into his kingdom. The British annexed Arakan in 1826 after the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824-26) the British colonial era was marked by a large influx of Indians into British Burma to assist in the administration as well as the business and labor sectors. Their descendants today are among the economic elites of Myanmar.
The Rohingya constitute approximately 1 million out of the 3 million people in the Rakhine state. 140,000 of whom live in refugee camps as internally displaced people since the eruption of ethnoreligious clashes in 2012. An additional 1.5 million Rohingya are living in exile in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, India, Malaysia, Thailand, UK, USA, and Australia.
In the 1940s during the period of independence and separation of India into two Pakistans, there was an insurgent group named Mujahids who desired to join East Pakistan and separate from Arakanese Buddhists and Burmans. They sought help from Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah discussed this matter with General Aung San who assured their protection in new Burma, Jinnah was not supportive of separation.
In June of 1989 as per the "Adaptation of Expressions Law" (Law 15/89) the name of the state of Arakan was changed to Rakhine state and came to be identified as an exclusively Rakhine Buddhist state.
Myanmar is a country of ethnic and religious minorities defined by a three-tiered system: 1) Full Citizen; 2) Associate Citizen; 3) Naturalized Citizen. As per the 1982 citizenship law, the second and the third types of citizenships are subject to revocation. The Rohingya are denied all three types of citizenship by law.
The delegitimization of the Rohingya began during the 1970s military regime of General Ne-Win. The promulgation of the 1974 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Myanmar and the 1974 Emergency Immigration Act laid the basis for ethnic citizenship. It invalidated The National Registration Certificates issued as per the 1947 legislation which was possessed by the Rohingya. The new laws began the process of delegitimization the citizenship state of the Rohingya; it culminated in the 1982 Burmese Citizenship Law which created four types of citizenship: citizen; associate citizen; naturalized citizen and foreigners, as per this law the Rohingya were declared as foreigners. The final stroke at making the Rohingya totally stateless happened in 2015, following the 2012-13 violence and under pressure from the 969 Burmese Buddhist nationalists, the Thein Sein government declared that the White Cards identity held by the Rohingya were null and void, the Rohingya were declared to be outsider "Bengalis." The Rohingya are the only stateless people in Southeast Asia.
In light of oppression and violent conflict between the Burmese army and the Rohingya since 2012, the democratically elected government led by state counselor Aung San Suu Kyi, in 2016 established an Advisory Commission on Rakhine State led the former UN secretary general, Kofi Annan with a mandate to examine the Rohingya issue and propose recommendations. The commission was "not mandated to investigate specific cases of alleged human rights violations." In its report released on August 24, 2017, the commission recommended the state of Myanmar to scrap restrictions on movement and citizenship of the persecuted Muslim Rohingya minority as a solution to avoid the conflict from spiraling into radicalization within both communities.
The Contemporary Status of the Rohingya
In 1998, the Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) and Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (ARIF) jointly founded the Arakan Rohingya National Organization (ARNO) and the Rohingya National Army (RNA). The most recent Rohingya resistance group currently engaging with the Burmese army is the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA).
Apart from Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces), there are also several Arakan Buddhist nationalist groups of the Rakhine state who view the Rohingya as Bengali Muslims and a threat to their state because of their Muslim faith. These groups include the Arakan National Party (ANP); the Arakan Liberation Party (ALP) and its Arakan Liberation Army ALA) and the United League of Arakan (ULA) and its armed wing the Arakan Army (AA). In the ongoing crisis facing immense pressure from Muslim and other countries, the Myanmar government has announced that it will take back refugees who have fled and can provide "valid proof" of citizenship which as per the 1982 Burmese Citizenship Law requires providing of evidence of a direct line to progenitors who lived in the country before 1823.[1]
Apart from the Rohingya issue, Myanmar has also witnessed the rise of a non-violent extremist nationalist movement of Buddhist nationalist monks called the Ma Ba Tha or 969 movement which is against anti-Muslim collectively. In 2015, it pressured the former military led regime of President Thein Sein to pass the "Protection of Race and Religion" targeting the country's Muslim minority. The law imposes compulsory "birth spacing" for women; monogamy laws; marriage laws requiring Buddhist women to register their marriages in advance if marrying a non-Buddhist man; and a law regulating religious conversions. The 969 movement sees Muslims as dangerous people.
The Future of the Rohingya
Ashin Wirathu, the leader of the Ma Ba Tha or 969 movement began by protesting against and calling for the boycotting of Muslim businesses. The 969 movement used the 969 numerical symbol written in Burmese numerals in response to Muslim uses of 786, the Quranic verse "In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." 969 refers to the 'Three Jewels" – the Buddha, Dhamma and Sangha as a powerful cosmological symbol to combat the Indian Burmese Muslim use of the Arabic numbers of 786 often displayed at Muslim businesses and in transaction slips. Ashin Wirathu and others propose that the addition of the 7+8+ 6 = 21 is a symbol of a Muslim plot to conquer and convert Myanmar to Islam in the 21st century. He has remarked that Muslims are violent and they breed quickly like the African carp, hence the need to protect Buddhism.[2]
Recent months have seen an increase in anti-Muslim campaigns in Myanmar. During November 2015 in anticipation of the 2016 Myanmar election, the Ma Ba Tha nationalists issued a 12-point policy statement calling upon the voters to consider alleged threats to support the protection of race and religion when voting. The group has also called for a ban on wearing Islamic headscarves and the ritual slaughter of cows during the Eid al-Adha festival.
Since its independence in 1948 independence, Myanmar has failed to become a multicultural society of ethnoreligious equality and plurality.
In the current phase of conflict which has impacted the Muslims, Buddhists, and Hindus in Mynmar, Myanmar Army commander Sr. Gen. Min Aung Hlaing has remarked that it is now time to complete the "unfinished business" of "clearing the Rohingya," which dates back to the time of World War II.[3]
On the regional front, there are also media reports of the formation of a Buddhist-Hindu transnational anti-Muslim alliance comprised of the Ma Ba Tha of Myanmar, the Bodu Bala Sena BBS of Sri Lanka, and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). The present Indian Prime Minister Modi is planning to expel 40,000 Rohingya "illegal immigrants" living in Jammu and Kashmir, Hyderabad, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Rajasthan from India. [4]
On top of this, there are reports from Russian sources that Rohingya issue has now become a part of competetion for control over the Rakhine gas fields and oil hydrocarbons of the Arakan coastal zone between America and China, which if not attended to carefully will drastically impact the grassroots relations between Muslims and Buddhists.[5] Thereby opening a conduit for the advent of Muslim-Buddhism extremism which could prove to be lethal.
In light of the geo-politics of global investors, the long history of the Rohingyan-Burman conflict, growing Muslim-Buddhist fault lines in Southeast Asia, and the rise of vicious religious nationalisms, it is nearly impossible that the Rohingya will attain citizenship rights as we witness the rising trends of Asian Islamophobia.
[1] Su Myat Mon, "Only Refugees with 'Proof' of Citizenship Will Return: Govt," Frontier Myanmar, accessed September 7, 2017, https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/only-refugees-with-proof-of-citizenship-will-return-govt.
[2] "Buddhist Monk Wirathu Leads Violent National Campaign against Myanmar's Muslims," Public Radio International, accessed September 7, 2017, https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-06-21/buddhist-monk-wirathu-leads-violent-national-campaign-against-myanmars-muslims.
[3] James Hookway, "Myanmar Says Clearing of Rohingya Is Unfinished Business From WWII," Wall Street Journal, September 3, 2017, sec. World, accessed September 7, 2017, https://www.wsj.com/articles/myanmar-army-chief-defends-clearing-rohingya-villages-1504410530.
[4] "India Plans to Deport Thousands of Rohingya Refugees," accessed September 7, 2017, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/08/india-plans-deport-thousands-rohingya-refugees-170814110027809.html.
[5] Sputnik, "Soros and Hydrocarbons: What's Really Behind the Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar," accessed September 7, 2017, https://sputniknews.com/analysis/201709051057098493-myanmar-rohingya-energy-china-soros/.
Berlie, J. A. The Burmanization of Myanmar's Muslims. Bangkok, Thailand: White Lotus Press, 2008.
"Buddhist Monk Wirathu Leads Violent National Campaign against Myanmar's Muslims." Public Radio International. Accessed September 7, 2017. https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-06-21/buddhist-monk-wirathu-leads-violent-national-campaign-against-myanmars-muslims.
Constantine, Greg. Exiled to Nowhere: Burma's Rohingya. Nowhere People, 2012.
Hookway, James. "Myanmar Says Clearing of Rohingya Is Unfinished Business From WWII." Wall Street Journal, September 3, 2017, sec. World. Accessed September 7, 2017. https://www.wsj.com/articles/myanmar-army-chief-defends-clearing-rohingya-villages-1504410530.
Ibrahim, Azeem. The Rohingyas: Inside Myanmar's Hidden Genocide. London: Hurst, 2016.
"India Plans to Deport Thousands of Rohingya Refugees," accessed September 7, 2017, http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/08/india-plans-deport-thousands-rohingya-refugees-170814110027809.html.
Melissa Crouch, ed., Islam and the State in Myanmar: Muslim-Buddhist Relations and the Politics of Belonging. New Delhi, India: Oxford University Press, 2016.
Mon, Su Myat. "Only Refugees with 'Proof' of Citizenship Will Return: Govt." Frontier Myanmar. Accessed September 7, 2017. https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/only-refugees-with-proof-of-citizenship-will-return-govt.
Rogers, Benedict. Burma: A Nation At The Crossroads. Revised edition. UK: Random House, 2016.
Siddiqui, Dr Habib. The Forgotten Rohingya: Their Struggle for Human Rights in Burma. No Additional Publication Information Available, 2008.
Sputnik. "Soros and Hydrocarbons: What's Really Behind the Rohingya Crisis in Myanmar." Accessed September 7, 2017. https://sputniknews.com/analysis/201709051057098493-myanmar-rohingya-energy-china-soros/.
Yegar, Moshe The Muslims of Burma. Wiesbaden: O. Harrassowitz, 1972.
------- Between Integration and Secession : The Muslim Communities of the Southern Philippines, Southern Thailand, and Western Burma/Myanmar. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books, 2002.
resume writing group reviews	link
Research is a very hard thing to do. There are no real strategies into doing the best research, all of it just requires careful and meticulous planning. If you ask me, making notes is really important. There are a lot of information and data that will be processed, sometimes resulting in distractions. Keeping notes on your research can really help you organize your thoughts. I really suggest keeping notes when you are conducting a very important research like this one.
Alterity
Islamaphobia
Religious Conflict


1. Cook the potatoes in boiling water for 10 minutes, or until tender. Drain.
2. Heat the oil in a frying pan and fry the chick peas, panch phoran and pumpkin seeds for 2 minutes. Season well. Add the carrots, spinach and potatoes, and cook for 2-3 minutes, or until the spinach has just wilted.
3. Whisk together the lemon juice and houmous, and toss into the chick peas. Season to taste.