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Mahathir sworn in as PM as Malaysia achieves first-ever power transition
World election
By James Massola
Updated May 11, 2018 — 3.02am first published May 10, 2018 — 9.18pm
Kuala Lumpur: An extraordinary 24 hours that has upended the status quo in Malaysia and reshaped its political system has concluded with the installation of Mahathir Mohamad as the country's seventh prime minister.
Mahathir, a 92-year-old former prime minister who led the country as head of the ruling Barisan National coalition for 22 years until 2003, has now done the almost unthinkable and led the opposition Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope) to victory.
In the 61 years since independence, this is the first time the opposition has ever won an election in Malaysia, marking the end of one-party rule.
In victory, Mahathir has blasted out of office the man he once mentored, Prime Minister Najib Razak. He becomes one of the oldest people to ever be elected to lead a nation.
First, however, he had to wait as Malaysia's political system grappled with the reality of their first change of government.
Mahathir arrived at the Istana Negara (State Palace) at about 4.40pm, Malaysian time, for his swearing in by the King of Malaysia.
Thirty hours after victory, Mahathir addressed the nation. Credit:AP
The king spoke to each of the four leaders of the other parties in Mahathir's coalition, ensuring a new coalition government could be formed, before finally swearing in Mahathir after 9.30pm.
The delay prompted rumours to spread on social media that the swearing in would be delayed, or would not happen at all, underscoring fears that Najib would attempt to game the system, split the coalition, and hang on to power.
The Palace sternly dismissed suggestions it had delayed Mahathir's return to the power - this time as a symbol of change in the country he once ruled with an iron fist - and said the king "strongly supports and respects the democratic process and the wishes of his subjects".
Finally, it was done.
Local newspapers emblazoned with headlines about the first change in government in 61 years. Credit:AP
Late on Thursday, more than 30 hours after polls closed and Mahathir first claimed victory, while warning his predecesor against "hanky panky" that could deny the will of the people, Mahathir addressed the nation as its leader, once again.
"Nobody in Malaysia had ever seen the kind of support for Pakatan Harapan," he said.
"Finally we had enough people with the guts who stand by us, support us. We were cut off from sources of funds, but some people surreptitiously gave us money."
"We lost the flag war [against the government] completely... we were thinking we would perhaps achieve 100 seats in the Peninsula [on the west coast of Malaysia, where 80 per cent of the population lives] and a number of seats in Sabah and Sarawak."
Instead, the opposition had secured a parliamentary majority of more than 120 seats.
Policy-wise, Mahathir reassured business people "we intend to build up Malaysia's economy with the help of investors inside and outside the economy... we would like to see an active stock market".
He again promised to pursue money stolen through the 1MDB sovereign wealth fund scandal - an ominous warning to Najib - but insisted in an earlier press conference that he was not seeking "revenge" on Najib and would follow the rule of law.
Defeated Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak as he prepares to 'concede'. Credit:AP
He said the new coalition government would meet tomorrow to discuss cabinet posts.
The final press conference concluded just before midnight and came after a dramatic day during which the outgoing prime minister said he would "accept the verdict of the people", but stopped short of conceding defeat.
Najib said Malaysia's king would decide who the next prime minister would be. And he did.
Flanked by the leaders of the opposition coalition including Wan Azizah Wan Ismail, Mahathir declared before his visit to the king that the Pakatan Harapan opposition coalition had secured more than 135 members in the 222 member parliament and "there can be no doubt about who gets majority support in the new Malaysia".
Mahathir Mohamad, with Justice Party president Wan Azizah, calls for the right to form government. Credit:AP
No single member of the Pakatan Harapan coalition won a simple majority. Wan Azizah's PKR (Justice) party won the largest number of seats, 104, within the coalition. She is the wife of jailed former opposition leader and deputy prime minister, Anwar Ibrahim.
Mahathir's return to the prime ministership caps a remarkable series of events in Malaysia.
The result dumbfounded most analysts and turned the country's political system on its head as after decades of one-party rule, the Muslim-majority nation delivered a resounding vote for change.
Opposition party supporters cheer and wave their party flags after Mahathir claimed victory. Credit:AP
Mahathir's return to power was preceded by this decision to come out of retirement and teaming up with Anwar Ibrahim - who served as his deputy prime minister in the 1990s, before the pair fell out spectacularly and Anwar was jailed on trumped-up sodomy charges.
The Prime Minister-elect has promised to stand aside for Anwar (who is serving the final days of a jail term on specious sodomy charges) to become Prime Minister. In his final press conference on Thursday, he didn't say when he would stand aside.
More importantly, seeking a royal pardon for Anwar would be one of the first things the new government did, he said.
In the early hours of Thursday morning after the declaration of the results, Malaysians took the streets of Kuala Lumpur, car horns blaring and flags waving as the nation of 31 million people celebrated a historic victory.
A GST imposed by Najib was widely cited by many Malaysians Fairfax Media spoke to for the unpopularity of the Barisan Nasional government.
Some also raised questions over the hugely expensive East Coast Rail Link, a 55 billion Ringgit ($19 billion) project largely funded by China as part of its Belt and Road Initiative.
Mahathir said again the incoming government wanted to review that project, but that he did not oppose Belt and Road in-principle.
For the outgoing prime minister Najib, Mahathir's comments about the state-owned 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) sovereign wealth fund scandal raise the prospect of legal difficulties ahead.
As much as $US4 billion has allegedly been misappropriated from the fund in the scandal and the United States, Swiss and Singaporean governments are among those investigating.
Najib has always denied allegations of corruption from the US Department of Justice over the transfer of $US681 million into his personal account from the fund as part of the scandal.
The country's former Attorney-General had cleared him of any wrongdoing, claiming the money was a gift from Saudi Arabia's royal family and that most of it was returned.
Many Malaysians want Najib prosecuted and jailed over the matter.
The new deputy prime minister, Wan Azizah, told Fairfax Media the opposition had hoped at best for a hung parliament.
Mahatir Mohamad
James Massola
James Massola is south-east Asia correspondent, based in Jakarta. He was previously chief political correspondent for The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age, based in Canberra. He has been a Walkley and Quills finalist on three occasions.


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Media Matters: March 23, 2001
March 23, 2001 00:00 GMT
23 March 2001, Volume 1, Number 7
MEDIA FREEDOM AT RISK. Media freedom is now at risk in the Russian Federation and in many other post-Soviet states, according to Alexander Lupis, coordinator of the Europe and Central Asian Program at the Committee to Project Journalists (CPJ) speaking at an RFE/RL briefing this week. He appeared in connection with the release of CPJ's annual report, "Attacks on the Press in 2000." Citing that report, Lupis noted that in Russia, "the ascendancy of President Vladimir Putin sparked an alarming assault on press freedom," including the imposition of censorship in Chechnya and attacks on journalists and media outlets "in the name of strengthening the state." Elsewhere in the post-Soviet region, Lupis said, the CPJ had found that conditions for journalists have deteriorated as well. In Ukraine, the problems are seen in the government's apparent involvement in the murder of Heorhiy Gongadze. Lupis noted that media defense organizations like CPJ have an especially difficult time in tracking moves by governments concerned about their public image even though they seek to restrict the media. In some post-Soviet states, regimes use economic pressure and other less obvious but very effective restrictions in muzzling the media. (RFE/RL Press Release, 20 March)
'ATTACKS ON THE PRESS IN 2000.' The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) issued a 550-page report which documents 605 cases of media repression in 131 countries, including assassination, assault, imprisonment, censorship, and bureaucratic harassment. CPJ's report notes several disturbing trends: Of the 24 journalists killed for their work, at least 16 were murdered, and in all but two instances, those who ordered the murders remain at large, since the assassinations of journalists are seldom vigorously investigated and the killers rarely convicted, particularly in Russia; The number of journalists in prison at the end of 2000 declined from a year earlier (from 87 to 81); In Eastern Europe many states have turned to more subtle methods to control the press -- punitive tax laws, expensive libel suits, and advertising boycotts. Journalists are increasingly using the Internet and other technologies to bypass restrictions, but the consequences can include more repression, violent attack, and even death. The entire text of the book "Attacks on the Press in 2000" is available on CPJ's website (http://www.cpj.org). (Committee to Protect Journalists, 19 March)
DIGITAL VIDEO AND INTERNATIONAL NEWS. A digital video conference, "A New Look at the World: Digital Video and International News," which will examine the impact of multimedia technologies on international news coverage, will be held at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in New York on 4-5 May. Experts from some of the nation's leading media companies will explain how new technologies are affecting news organizations. To learn more about the conference and register online, visit: http://www.pewfellowships.org. (Demo-IT@egroups.com, 15 March)
DRAFT PRESS LAW DEEMED 'THREAT.' The London-based press freedom group Article 19 analyzed a draft Freedom of the Press law and deemed the current draft law, despite some positive aspects, as a serious threat to media freedom. Many of the draft's provisions make the journalist bear primary responsibility for what is printed, although the owners and editors make most of these decisions. Article 19 singled out the following provisions: journalists must undergo state licensing; government enforcement of journalistic ethics; criminal penalties for distribution of allegedly false information; the legal obligation to right of reply; criminal sanctions for violation of orthography obligations; compulsory free-of-charge publication by state bodies in the private press during legal states of emergency; broadly defined conditions for prior press censorship; and a very narrow definition of journalism. For more, contact europe@article19.org or see http://www.article19.org. (Article 19, 15 March)
EDITOR SUMMONED TO PROCURATOR. The National Scout Movement requested the Prosecutor-General to institute a criminal action for alleged libel against the chief editor of "Haikakan Zhamanak" daily. In the plaintiff's view, its 21 February article slandered the Scout Movement founded by the Dashnaktsoutiun Party as a terrorist organization which is behind the 27 October 1999 shootings in the Armenian parliament. Recently the paper's chief editor was summoned to the Yerevan Prosecutor's Office, where he told the Prosecutor's Office that 99% of the sources were based on the 27 October case materials. ("Yerevan Press Club Newsletter," 10-16 March)
NEWSPAPER GIVEN OFFICIAL WARNING. The Prosecutor's Office gave an official warning on 6 February to "Belorusskaya Delovaya Gazeta," warning the paper against further violations of the press law against divulging materials of an inquest. The material in question, "The Blood of Almaz," appeared in the paper on 19 December. The article detailed alleged grave offences committed by former officers of the Almaz special military unit. The gang is suspected of murdering several businessmen in the Minsk Oblast as well as an Azerbaijani family in Minsk. While some suspect the Almaz group of involvement in the kidnapping of ORT reporter Dmitry Zavadsky, the author concluded that this was improbable since the gang's other crimes were motivated by financial profit. The paper's editor told the deputy prosecutor-general that in his opinion, the newspaper did not divulge inquest secrets. The journalists are not involved in the inquest, nor did they sign secrecy agreements, nor, in fact, were they shown any case materials. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
INDEPENDENT PAPER'S DATABASE STOLEN IN MOGILEV. The Mogilev-based independent newspaper "De-Facto" was robbed twice in ten days, according to http://www.charter97.org on 27 February. The burglars used keys to open the lock of the office and stole the computer used for layout, and the archive of the newspaper. Journalists believe that the burglars were after the database, since many valuables in the office were left. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
VALENTINE'S DAY PRESS BAN IN GOMEL FACTORY. On 14 February, the director-general of Gomselmash factory signed Order no. 46, "On the procedure for relations with mass media." According to this directive, the editor of the factory newspaper must screen any document sent by a factory worker to the media and must also give his permission for any press contacts. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
NTV 'DOBERMAN' BANNED. On 25 February, NTV broadcast a French film, "Doberman"; its broadcast was suspended on the territory of Belarus. For several days during the NTV screening of the film, viewers in Belarus were instead shown the "KVN" quiz show, normally shown by ORT. A text on the screen informed viewers: The film "Doberman" has been forbidden for broadcasting in Belarus by a ruling of the Expert Commission on the Prevention of the Propagation of Pornography, Violence, and Cruelty. The expert committee, part of the Ministry of Culture since 1992, offers the government its findings on a film's potential 'harm' to public morals -- it has already blacklisted 27 films, reported http://www.charter97.org on 27 February. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
PROTESTING JOURNALISTS MAY FACE SANCTIONS. The acting director of Bulgarian state radio on 18 March threatened to discipline some 500 journalists who have been protesting for over a month against the appointment of Ivan Borislavov as the new radio director, "Monitor" reported. Alexander Barzitsov, who is substituting for Borislavov while he recovers from a heart attack, urged the journalists to drop plans to launch a civil-disobedience campaign on 19 March. He said the planned campaign "seriously threatens national security," and commented that "we shall not allow anybody to use the national radio in this manner and we shall react in the adequate legal way." ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
HAVEL'S FIRST ONLINE CHAT LASTS FOUR MINUTES. Czech President Vaclav Havel's first-ever Internet question-and-answer session lasted four minutes before an estimated 10,000 visitors overloaded the Prague Castle's website, CTK reported. After the site crashed, Havel answered questions, but readers had to wait 15 minutes for responses to their questions. Among the questions he answered, Havel expressed his opinion that the direct popular election of the president -- as opposed to the current election by parliament -- would better balance the Czech constitutional system; and mad cow disease is "punishment of humans by nature for feeding those vegetarians [cattle]...pulverized carcasses." ("RFE/RL Newsline," 15 March)
PUBLISHER'S MURDER CONDEMNED. In a 14 March 2001 letter to President Lennart Meri, the International Press Institute strongly condemned the murder of a newspaper publisher in Estonia. According to IPI sources, Vitaly Khaytov, 57, chief executive of the leading Russian-language daily "Estoniya" and the weekly "Vesti Nedelya Plus", was shot dead in Tallinn on 10 March. He was killed with two shots to the head while sitting in his car in a suburb of the capital. The motive for the murder was unknown, police said. Khaytov, a Russian citizen, worked as director-general of the Vesti publishing house since 1995, in charge of publishing "Estoniya" and "Vesti Nedelya Plus." His 32-year-old son, Marian Khaytov, was shot dead in a similar attack in Tallinn last spring, with police citing controversial business interests as a possible cause of his murder. No one has been charged in that killing. (International Press Institute, 15 March)
AMENDMENTS TO MEDIA LAW PASSED? According to Interfax-Kazakhstan and local NGO sources, the Mazhilis (lower house) of the parliament of Kazakhstan passed during its plenary session on 21 March the government-initiated draft law "On Introducing Amendments into the Mass Media Law." At this point there is no information available about the vote itself and conflicting information as to which provisions and in what form they remain in the approved draft law. There also are serious procedural questions about the consideration of the draft law and the final vote. It is believed that the Mazhilis-approved version of the draft law defines the Internet and websites as mass media but does not require registration with the Ministry of Information. Most reports also indicate the Mazhilis passed the proposal to restrict retransmission of foreign programming to 50 percent as of 1 January 2002 and to 20 percent a year later instead of the most recent "compromise" version which foresaw restrictions to 50, 30, and 20 percent on 1 January 2002, 2003, and 2004 respectively. (OSCE Mission Statement, 21 March)
MEDIA MANAGER CHARGED WITH OWNING ILLEGAL WEAPON. Vladislav Salagaev, the director of the popular NS independent radio station in Almaty, was charged on 13 February with illegal possession of weapons. The office of the radio station was searched on the pretext that the Tax Service suspected the NS administration of avoiding taxes. Authorities claimed that pistol shells were found during the search in Salagaev's office. NS staff have filed a complaint of the actions of the police, and the station's lawyers have filed a protest against the tax police. NS Radio is an active partner of Ekho Moskvy radio station, which is a branch of the Media-MOST holding company. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
FIRST INDEPENDENT NEWS AGENCY. The first independent news agency, called Kosovska Mreza, will be founded in May, Kosovska Mitrovica Radio director announced on 15 March. With the support of the OSCE, Kosovska Mitrovica Radio will spearhead the launch of an independent media network at the end of March and will begin work in April. "We have 25 radio stations within the independent media network, but only four of these have fully-established news programs," SRNA quoted the radio director as claiming. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
OFFICIAL DEFENDS LIBEL SUITS AGAINST JOURNALISTS. Meeting in Bishkek on 16 March with editors of independent and opposition media outlets, Secretary of State Osmonakun Ibraimov denied that the numerous libel suits that have brought several publications to the verge of ruin were politically motivated, RFE/RL's Bishkek bureau reported. He said it is normal for individuals to "defend their dignity in court." Meanwhile, two of the newspapers threatened by closures as a result of such lawsuits, "Asaba" and "Res Publica," published a further joint edition on 16 March. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
BREAKDOWN IN MEDIA SITUATION, VIOLENCE AGAINST REPORTERS. Reporters without Borders (RSF) expressed its concern about acts of violence by Albanian extremists against journalists and the destruction of TV relay stations in the Tetovo region. According to RSF, the 14 March protest by Albanian radicals was the scene of attacks against two Macedonian journalists who had come to cover the event. Atanas Sokolovski, a journalist with the TV station A1, was manhandled while trying to interview Albanians. He was taken to hospital, where his condition was listed as serious. A correspondent from the Sitel TV station was also beaten by demonstrators and her video camera was broken. Moreover, the general media situation remains troublesome in the Tetovo region. Macedonian public television is the only station still on the air after the two relay stations of the region's private TV stations were destroyed by mortar and rocket-launcher fire from armed Albanian groups. On 14 March, broadcasts by the two nationally broadcast private TV stations, A1 and Sitel, were interrupted in Tetovo and two days later the transmitters of local private stations ETV Art, TV Kis, and TV Koha were destroyed. Publications have allegedly not been available in Tetovo in recent days. (Reporters without Borders Press Release, 20 March)
PRESIDENT SAYS RFE/RL 'PARTISAN.' President Ion Iliescu on 16 March said Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty played an important role before the fall of the Nicolae Ceausescu regime, but that it later became "stridently partisan" and backed his political opponents. Romania-Moldova Service Director Nestor Ratesh said in reaction that RFE/RL "does not engage in polemics with its critics" and believes it has always "provided accurate and balanced" reporting. Ratesh said it is "natural " that "those who dislike such reporting" disagree with RFE/RL's positions. In an editorial broadcast on 17 March, Ratesh said that democratic reforms in Iliescu-led post-1990 Romania are encountering difficulties, the media is weak, and electronic media subordinated to the rulers. In that situation, international broadcasters, including RFE/RL, attempt to "substitute and provide alternative sources of information." He also said tension between governments and the media is "natural" in any democracy, but "in the democratic West governments rarely indulge in virulent criticism of the media." ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
PUTIN SAID TO BE PLANNING GOVERNMENT MONOPOLY ON RADIO, TV BROADCASTING. "Vremya MN" reported on 14 March that President Vladimir Putin is expected to issue a decree soon to set up a state enterprise that will broadcast radio and television signals. Communications Minister Leonid Reiman said the government has already considered the matter. In a related development, sources at TV-6 told Interfax on 14 March that the former deputy head of the presidential administration, Igor Shabdurasulov, will become chairman of the directors' council of that station. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 15 March)
PRESIDENTIAL ENVOY CHALLENGES MAYOR, TV HEAD, TO DUELS. Presidential envoy to the Far Eastern federal district, Konstantin Pulikovskii, has challenged Vladivostok Mayor Yurii Kopylov and Vladivostok State Television and Radio Company (VGTRK) Chairman Valerii Bakshin to duels, Interfax- Eurasia reported on 16 March. Pulikovskii issued the challenge at a press conference in Vladivostok that day. Pulikovskii advised Kopylov, "Choose your weapon and if we fight, I will not miss." According to "Segodnya" the next day, Pulikovskii was speaking in jest, but the words express his dissatisfaction with the conduct of the gubernatorial campaign in the krai. According to Pulikovskii, since the departure of former Governor Yevgenii Nazdratenko, little has changed in terms of campaign tactics and the media is "pouring out filth" about various candidates. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
GAZPROM TO GET OUT OF MEDIA ACTIVITIES? Audit Chamber official Mikhail Beskhmelnitsyn told Interfax-AFI on 16 March that Gazprom has agreed to end its investments in the media and concentrate its activities in the gas industry. He said Gazprom will redirect the approximately 6 billion rubles ($210 million) it now has invested in media outlets into gas production. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
NEW INDEPENDENT PAPER SMASHED IN CHERKESSIA. On 7 February, two unknown offenders wearing black masks broke into the office of "Vozrozhdenie Respubliki" newspaper and beat its editor-in-chief Rashid Khatuev and head editor Vladimir Panov. The offenders, armed with metal rods, then smashed the office equipment and left. As a result of the assault, Rashid Khatuev was admitted to hospital with fractured ribs. During its two-week existence, "Vozrozhdenie Respubliki" newspaper had published articles critical of President of Karachai-Cherkessia Vladimir Semyonov. Secretary of the Security Council of Karachai-Cherkessia only comment on the assault was that its perpetrators were trying to destabilize the republic. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
CHELYABINSK OFFICIAL PROCLAIMS 'CORRECT INFO POLICY'... The chairman of the Chelyabinsk Oblast legal assembly information policy committee held a meeting with local journalists on 12 March. He declared that he was on the verge of promulgating "a series of oblast laws relating to the mass media." He also announced the formation of a public council in which media representatives would assist in the development of a "correct information policy." ("Glasnost Defense Foundation Digest," 19 March)
...AFTER LEADING REPORTER IS MURDERED... A few days before the official meeting with Chelyabinsk Oblast reporters, Leonid Grigoriev was brutally murdered by unknown persons. For many years, Grigorev had worked in the Chelyabinsk Oblast radio station, had been the press secretary for the mayor of Chelyabinsk and had later been employed as an editor for the Ural-Press-Inform news agency. ("Glasnost Defense Foundation Digest," 19 March)
...AND TV STATION MAY BE CLOSED FOR DEBTS. The Chelyabinsk TV station, Reporter, may have to close down for non-payment of debts after its owners said they would only come up with the needed funds if Chelyabinsk Governor Vladimir Shamanov publicly stated that the station is "necessary." Station employees have gone on protest strike. ("Glasnost Defense Foundation Digest," 19 March)
DRAFT BROADCAST LAW GIVEN TO GOVERNMENT. The draft of the new Broadcasting Act was given to the Serbian government, the Media Transition Law group coordinator told B92 on 16 March. The Media Transition group is currently at work on the Public Information Act proposal, which will be given to Serbian government in two or three weeks. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
MINISTER ASSERTS MEDIA MUST BE 'INDEPENDENT'... The main task of the Federal Ministry for Information and the new authorities is to fight for varied media and to create open public broadcast services, the federal minister for information said on 10 March during talks with the head of OSCE media sector in Belgrade. As for the transformation and transition of state media, the minister stressed that the Serbian and Yugoslav governments are working towards their transformation into public services. The media outlets' future must be determined by professional journalists' organizations; Serbian and Yugoslav political structures can only provide logistic support. The minister stressed that protection of the independent media is also the authorities' duty, asserting that: "We will follow only one rule: the respect for European standards. This is how we differ from the previous authorities: journalism must be independent, professional, and unbiased," Tanjug reported. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
...BUT PRESIDENT'S PARTY ACCUSES MEDIA OF 'ORCHESTRATED ATTACKS.' The Democratic Party of Serbia leaders are too often the subjects of orchestrated attacks from the free media, the party stated on 10 March, adding that the attacks were neither accidental nor politically neutral. The party statement accused "so-called" free media of giving space to anyone who wants to lay blame on the Democratic Party of Serbia or its officials. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
TWO FORMER RIVAL PAPERS TO MERGE? The Vojvodina daily "Kikindske" -- a staunchly anti-Milosevic paper -- could be facing oblivion or consolidation with its journalistic archenemy, former left-coalition journal "Komuna." Rumors about the fate of the two journals have spread in northern Banat recently, after "Komuna" was returned to its founder, the Kikinda Municipal Assembly. As the B92 correspondent reported, the local Democratic Opposition of Serbia does not want to finance two papers indefinitely. After three weeks of negotiations, a decision was reached to finance both papers from the municipal assembly budget for two months and then let the market show which of the two would survive. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
BELGRADE DAILY GETS PARTIAL PAYMENT FROM STATE. Belgrade daily "Glas javnosti" received a payment of 217,000 dinars on 10 March as partial payment of the amount taken by the state last year. According to the newspaper, the money in question is what the newspaper was forced to pay the government on 1 October 1999 so that state financial inspectors would allow the printing house and staff to continue their work, since its premises and equipment had been sealed, SRNA reported. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
MILANOVIC DETENTION EXTENDED. Former Radio Television Serbia (RTS) Director Dragoljub Milanovic has been detained for an additional two months, the lawyer for families of RTS employees killed during the NATO bombardment of the television building announced on 16 March. Milanovic's detainment was extended not as part of the investigation of the employees' deaths, but rather to investigate his financial malfeasances, his lawyer said. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
'PINK' BUILDING FACES DEMOLITION. The new Radio/TV "Pink" building in a residential part of Belgrade faces demolition for violating its building permit, "Glas javnosti" reported on 13 March. ("ANEM Weekly Media Update," 10-16 March)
TV ANCHOR: OFFICIAL VENGEANCE FOR INDEPENDENCE... On 8 February, an anchorman of a leading Ukrainian TV channel, 1+1, publicly expressed his profound concern about freedom of speech in the country. He demanded that President Kuchma, as the guarantor of the right to freedom of information, should promptly discharge the chairman of the Security Service from his post and immediately stop the use of army and police to pressure the media. The statement, submitted to Interfax-Ukraine news agency, claims that it has become a rule for state officials not merely to interfere directly with the media coverage of political developments, but also to use their official status to take vengeance on mass media which dare to express independent views. The statement goes on to say that lately, the TV company has had to face this type of systematic treatment on the part of Security Council leadership. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
...WHILE INDEPENDENT WEBSITE HACKED. After a routine update of the website of "Antenna" (http://www.antenna.com.ua), the page suddenly stopped working on 16 February. Investigation revealed that the server had been cracked and the host DNS tampered with. The hacker may have had political motives, since "Antenna" is an independent political newspaper published in Cherkassy and well known outside its home region. Its full online version is one of the few websites of regional media critical of President Kuchma. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
BOMBS THROWN AT NEWSPAPER OFFICE. On 17 February at around 5 AM unknown offenders threw two petrol bombs at the windows of the office of the newspaper "Tovarishch." The specially designed window resisted the blow; only the outer wall of the building and the outside of the window frame were touched by the fire. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
'IZVESTIYA' CENSORED... On 9 February, the "Izvestia" daily wrote that its local issue, printed in Kiev under agreement with the Kievskaya Pravda publishing company, had been censored. Three features on its first page had been deleted and replaced by other articles. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
... AS IS 'KOMMERSANT-UKRAINE'... On 7 February, the Military Cartographic factory of Kiev refused to print the current issue of "Kommersant-Ukraine," in violation of its contract with the newspaper. The editorial board made it known that its 7 February issue did not appear for reasons of political censorship by the printing house, because its first page showed a photograph that could be understood to have anti-presidential meaning. According to the editorial board, the printing ban was stated orally over the telephone by the head of the printing factory. The article in question was about the Ukraine without Kuchma movement. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
...CENSORSHIP PROTESTED. The Ukrainian board of "Kommersant" has made an official statement that, although not involved with the Ukraine without Kuchma movement and having due respect for the president of Ukraine, it sees its professional duty in providing its readers with the most comprehensive and unbiased information on events in Ukraine and in the rest of the world. This standpoint will not change under any pressure. The incident happened on the eve of meetings between the presidents of Ukraine and Russia scheduled for 11-12 February. The newspaper board demands that measures should be taken to prevent such incidents from happening in the future, since they are not only incompatible with democracy, but lead to tension in Ukrainian-Russian relations. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
THIEVING COPS BEAT ON-THE-SPOT REPORTER... On 5 February in Kherson, four militia officers battered the editor-in-chief of "Novy Den" independent newspaper, regional council member Anatoly Zhupina. The attack was reported by the "Forum" web-newspaper (http://www.for.com.ua). Anatoly Zhupina told a correspondent of Den newspaper over the phone that in the evening of 5 February, he had been sitting in a cafe where there were four divisional inspectors from various parts of Ukraine, who had come to Kherson for an advanced militia training course. According to witnesses, after a few drinks one of the officers decided to inspect the contents of the cash register. The cashier asked the customers for help and they tried to calm the cop. His friends came to his aid and started a fight. Anatoly Zhupina used his cellular phone to call the local Suvorov district militia department. The "heated-up" militiamen did not like this and set upon the journalist. The fight left the 46-year-old editor with a broken nose and heavily bruised face. A militia squad soon arrived and put an end to the squabble; however, it appeared that patrol militia sergeants have no right to arrest militia officers.
...WHILE BACK AT THE POLICE STATION. The criminal investigations officer at the Kherson militia department told the reporter to sign a police document about the incident, but it lacked an addressee. The reporter read the militia protocol, which noted the time of the offence as two hours later than it had occurred. When the journalist pointed this out, the investigator tore up both documents. An action was not brought against the police offenders, the case is being investigated as a "service offence." (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
MEDIA OWNER THREATENED. On 8 February, the owner of Continent radio station Sergei Sholokh solicited the help of Ukraine's Prosecutor-General after receiving a series of threats. In late January, Sholokh's car was hit by a heavy truck; on 30 January, he received phone threats. On 3 February, during a disagreement in Sholokh's apartment block, his neighbor "tried to break into my flat brandishing a stool...and threatened to kill me. [He also] said I would never come out into the street alive because his friend the district militia officer Oleg would take me to jail for the night, and there I would get it." Sholokh asked the Prosecutor-General to verify the situation and if warranted to instigate proceedings on "life threats from unknown persons" and to take necessary protective action. Sholokh concluded by saying, "I hope you will not respond to this statement as you did to similar statements made by my late employee, Gongadze." (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
KHERSON EDITOR ASSAULTED. On 27 February, there was an assault on the editor-in-chief of the Kherson newspaper "Nash Chas." He was admitted to hospital with open fractures of the skull and brain concussion. Doctors describe his present state of health as "fair." Meanwhile, the head of the Oblast Department of Interior gave a press conference at which he ruled out any political or professional motive behind the attack; he also warned journalists that providing biased information is against the law on information. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
FBI ASSISTANCE FOR NEW AUTOPSY OF GONGADZE? In a 16 March letter to the United States ambassador in Kyiv, Reporters without Borders (RSF) urged the FBI team in Ukraine to perform a new autopsy on the body of journalist Heorhiy Gongadze. According to RSF information, the public prosecutor rejects any new autopsy of the murdered journalist's body despite his mother's wishes and has only acquiesced to a new DNA test by the FBI team, which has been in Kyiv for more than ten days, after President Kuchma agreed to an FBI offer of help. Although the American team's procedures and expertise must be submitted for approval to the Ukrainian authorities, the team's presence may lead to clarification of aspects in the official Ukrainian investigation. To date, the Ukraine Prosecutor-General has rejected all cooperation with the parliamentary investigative committee and continues to refuse Gongadze's mother and wife full access to the file. (Reporters without Borders, 16 March)
PREMIER CALLS FOR FULL INVESTIGATION OF GONGADZE CASE. Viktor Yushchenko on 16 March called for a thorough investigation into the murder of Gongadze, Interfax reported. Yushchenko added that he does not believe President Kuchma ordered Gongadze to be killed. "Morally, I cannot assume that the country's president may somehow be involved in Heorhiy Gongadze's disappearance. It would be a tragedy for me," Yushchenko said. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
U.S. AMBASSADOR CRITICIZES AUTHORITIES, OPPOSITION. Carlos Pascual on 16 March criticized the actions of both opposition demonstrators and the authorities during violent protests in Kyiv on 9 March. "The events on 9 March were disappointing from all sides. The challenge for Ukraine's authorities is to give the people confidence that they can express dissent without fear of violent repression. Peaceful action is also very important on the part of demonstrators and restraint is also required [on their part]," AP quoted Pascual as saying. Pascual spoke after presenting a new $750,000 media development fund in Ukraine, a two-year project sponsored by the U.S. to encourage an independent press. The fund is aimed at improving the legal, administrative, and tax environment for Ukrainian media, expanding the use of the Internet, improving professional standards among journalists, and providing direct grant support for Ukrainian media and non-governmental organizations. ("RFE/RL Newsline," 19 March)
JOURNALIST DETAINED. Tulkun Karaev, a member of Kashkadarya Regional Council of the Society of Human Rights in Uzbekistan and correspondent of Moscow-based Prima news agency, was detained on 15 February by police at the Tashkent airport on his return from Yekaterinburg, where he had attended a human rights training course organized by the Yekaterinburg Memorial Society. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
NEW PUBLICATIONS, WEBSITES
NEW ONLINE BELARUS MEDIA REPORT. Internews Belarus has recently prepared a media report about media-related events in Belarus in English at http://www.internews.org.by/mediareport/. (Center for Civil Society International, 16 March)
NEW ONLINE LITERARY JOURNAL ON CENTRAL ASIA. "Central Asia Fiction" is at http://cenasia-fiction.netfirms.com and is dedicated to the promotion and development of literary fiction about modern life in the Central Asian republics of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The journal seeks stories and photos for its summer issue. The "Central Asia Fiction" website: http://cenasia-fiction.netfirms.com (Center for Civil Society International, 16 March)
ARTICLE 19 LAUNCHES BELARUS BULLETIN ONLINE. Article 19 has set up a new web page with a regularly updated bulletin to document the frequent violations of media freedom in Belarus. It currently has a staff member based in Belarus. The "Belarus Bulletin" provides a regularly updated online survey of events relating to freedom of expression in Belarus. The abuses are divided into the following categories: Warnings; Tax Inspections; Access to official information; Printing; Distribution; Electronic Media; Developments in Government and Law; Information on Health of Head of State; The disappearance of ORT's Dmitri Zavadsky. The page can be found in the programmes/europe section of Article 19's website: http://www.article19.org. (Article 19, 15 March)
MINSK JOURNALIST ATTACKED. Marat Gorevoy, correspondent of the Belapan news agency, was attacked on 2 February on the outskirts of Minsk. According to the reporter, the attack may have been related to his work as a journalist; he has frequently pointed out instances of ethnic and religious discrimination in Belarus. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS INITIATED AGAINST JOURNALIST. According to the "Ekho" newspaper of February 13, quoting Turan news agency, the police of the Sabail region have instigated criminal proceedings for hooliganism against the vice editor-in-chief of the opposition newspaper "Yeni Musavat" Shain Jafarli. On November 25, Shain Jafarli allegedly beat two women who brought complaints to the editorial office. Jafarli has signed a written undertaking not to leave the city. As of 16 March, a trial was in preparation against the journalist on these charges, according to the Turan News Agency. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
SEPTEMBER DATE SET FOR SWITCH TO LATIN ALPHABET. The first meeting of a special committee to develop plans for the transfer of the Azerbaijani alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin was held on 15 March, according to "Zerkalo." Further preparations for the planned September transfer date will take place during a 20 April conference in which 100 media representatives will take part. (Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations, 19 March)
INDEPENDENT PAPER FAILS TO APPEAR. The print version of the independent weekly "525" did not appear on 16 March due to newsprint shortages, the "Ekho" newspaper reported the same day, but it was on the Internet at http://www.525.ci.com.
FIRST TOURIST NEWSPAPER LAUNCHED. The first-ever tourist newspaper was issued in March. As of now, it is an Armenian/English biweekly. "Tourism Today" is eight pages, with a circulation of 3,000. ("Yerevan Press Club Newsletter," 10-16 March)

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Kreuzfeuer war eine Musikgruppe aus Altenburg in Thüringen, die dem Spektrum des Rechtsrocks und des NSBM zugeordnet wird. Die Gruppe wurde 1996 von ehemaligen Mitgliedern des Vorgängers Kroizfoier gegründet, einer bekannten Neonazigruppe der 1990er Jahre aus dem Umland von Leipzig.

Geschichte
Kroizfoier wurde als fünfköpfige Gruppe 1991 gegründet und spielte zunächst Oi!-Musik, daher kommt auch die Schreibweise des Namens, mit rechtsextremen Texten. Sie war eine der ersten Rechtsrock-Gruppen in Deutschland, deren Mitglieder aufgrund der Texte wegen Volksverhetzung, Verherrlichung des Nationalsozialismus und anderer Delikte zu Bewährungs- und Geldstrafen verurteilt wurden. Bereits mit der zweiten Veröffentlichung 1994 verlagerte sich der Musikstil in Richtung Metal und Hatecore. Im selben Jahr musste der ursprüngliche Gitarrist und spätere Sänger Jens Rahl eine Haftstrafe antreten, was zum vorläufigen Ende der Gruppe führte.

Nach der Haftentlassung von Rahl wurde Anfang 1996 die Gruppe mit ehemaligen Mitgliedern wie dem Gitarristen Ronny und anderen Musikern unter dem Namen Kreuzfeuer wiederbelebt und orientierten sich von da an an Heavy Metal, Thrash Metal und Pagan Metal. Nach Rahls Suizid am 10. September 2000 löste sich die Gruppe auf. Ehemalige Mitglieder spielen heute bei der NSHC-Band Brainwash (Sachsen/Thüringen). 2006 veröffentlichte V7-Records die Retrospektive Kreuzfeuer – The Years of Oi!, die ausschließlich Lieder der Rechtsrock-Phase enthielt. Die Pagan-Metal- und Rechtsrock-Gruppe Eugenik widmete ihr 2005 veröffentlichtes Debütalbum dem verstorbenen Sänger.

Stil
Die ersten Veröffentlichungen der Gruppe sind im typischen Rechtsrock-Stil der 1990er Jahre gehalten, hatten aber im Gegensatz zum Großteil der Musikgruppen einen härteren Metal-Einschlag. Die Texte bedienten sich zu dieser Zeit den typischen rassistischen, gewaltverherrlichenden und nationalsozialistischen Themen, die schließlich auch zur Indizierung der ersten Alben führten. Nach der Neugründung bediente man sich weitergehender Heavy-Metal-Einflüsse mit Synthesizern und härteren Gitarren. Hinzu trat ein gutturaler Gesang. Die Texte blieben weitestgehend im Rechtsrock verwurzelt, hinzu traten jedoch heidnische und antichristliche Themen. Das zuletzt erschienene Split-Album Tribute to King of Aquilonia beinhaltet das Lied Zündet die Feuer, dessen Stil sich sehr von den alten Liedern unterscheidet. Deutlich sind hier Black- und Death-Metal-Einflüsse zu erkennen.

Diskografie

Als Kroizfoier
 1991: Komm zu uns (Demotape, indiziert am 30. Oktober 1993)
 1992: Ziel erkannt (eingezogen am 30. August 1994, indiziert am 31. August 2004, 1995 als Kroizfoier ohne das beanstandete Lied "Europas Skinheads" wiederveröffentlicht)
 1993: Die wilden Jahre (EP)
 1994: Mit Kraft, Mut und Schwung auf in die Zukunft (indiziert am 30. November 1994, von der Liste gestrichen am 14. November 2019)

Als Kreuzfeuer
 1998: Zurück, um zu verletzen
 2000: Blut für Blut
 2006: Kreuzfeuer – The Years of Oi! (Kompilation)
 2010: Tribute to King of Aquilonia (Split-7"-EP mit Graveland)

Literatur
 Christian Dornbusch, Jan Raabe: "Vereinigt Euch!" – Kreuzfeuer in: RechtsRock – Made in Thüringen. Erfurt, Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Thüringen, 2006, ISBN 3-937967-08-7, S. 19–21

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Rechtsrock-Band
Rechtsextreme Metal-Band
Deutsche Band
Neonazistische Band

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A combination of bone disease and malaria infection likely contributed to the early death of Egypt's King Tutankhamun, according to researchers who used a combination of anthropological, radiological, and DNA-based genetic studies to analyze the king's mummy. The scientists also putatively identified other members of Tutankhamun's immediate lineage, including his father, mother, and a grandmother. The 18th dynasty (circa 1550-1295 B.C.) of the New Kingdom (mid-16th to early 11th century B.C.) was one of the most powerful royal houses of ancient Egypt, and included the reign of Tutankhamun, probably the most famous of all pharaohs, although his tenure was brief. He died in the ninth year of his reign, circa 1324 B.C., at age 19 years. "Little was known of Tutankhamun and his ancestry prior to Howard Carter's discovery of his intact tomb (KV62) in the Valley of the Kings in 1922, but his mummy and the priceless treasures buried with him, along with other important archeological discoveries of the 20th century, have provided significant information about the boy pharaoh's life and family," the researchers wrote. With regard to their current research, the scientists noted that "several pathologies, including Kohler disease II (bone disorder), were diagnosed in Tutankhamun; none alone would have caused death. Genetic testing for STEVOR, AMA1, or MSP1 genes specific for Plasmodium falciparum (the malaria parasite) revealed indications of malaria tropica in four mummies, including Tutankhamun's. These results suggest avascular bone necrosis (condition in which the poor blood supply to the bone leads to weakening or destruction of an area of bone), in conjunction with the malarial infection as the most likely cause of death in Tutankhamun.
Scientists have discovered a molecular pathway that works through the immune system to apparently reestablish a developmental program that is beneficial for the repair and regeneration of damaged kidney tissues. This discovery may lead to new therapies for repairing injury in the kidney, and perhaps in a number of other organ systems as well. Acute kidney injury is a significant cause of kidney disease, cardiovascular complications, and early death, affecting as many as 16 million children and adults in the United States. There are currently no effective treatments for acute kidney injury--a growing problem in hospitals and clinics, according to the study's co-senior authors, Dr. Richard Lang, from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Dr. Jeremy Duffield, from Brigham and Women's Hospital of Harvard Medical School. The newly discovered molecular repair pathway involves white blood cells called macrophages--part of the immune system--that respond to tissue injury by producing a protein called Wnt7b. The research team identified the macrophage-Wnt7b pathway during experiments in mice with induced kidney injury. Wnt7b is already known to be important to the formation of kidney tissues during embryonic organ development. In this study, the scientists found that the protein helped initiate tissue repair and regeneration in injured kidneys. "Our findings suggest that by migrating to the injured kidney and producing Wnt7b, macrophages are re-establishing an early molecular program for organ development that also is beneficial to tissue repair," said Dr. Lang. "This study also indicates the pathway may be important to tissue regeneration and repair in other organs." This research was conducted by an international team from eight research institutions and was reported online on February 16, 2010 in PNAS.


text:
Access Statistics for Arthur Hosios
Implicit Contracts, Labor Mobility and Unemployment 0 0 0 123 0 0 4 362
Implicit Contracts, Labour Mobility and Unemployment 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 190
Informal Credit in Village Economies: Contract Duration with Personal and Community Enforcement 0 0 0 185 0 0 4 618
SELF-SELECTION WITH RENEGOTIATION 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 197
Self-Selection with Renegotiation 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 90
Whitefish: An Economic Primer 0 0 0 72 0 0 4 254
Total Working Papers 0 0 0 380 0 3 17 1,711
A Welfare Analysis of Employment Contracts with and without Asymmetric Information 0 0 0 10 0 1 2 63
Credit, Incentives, and Reputation: A Hedonic Analysis of Contractual Wage Profiles 0 0 0 48 0 0 4 283
Factor Market Search and the Structure of Simple General Equilibrium Models 0 1 1 167 1 2 10 517
Housing Allowances, Nonprofit Housing, and Cost-Effective Program Choice 0 0 1 33 0 0 1 157
Implicit Contracts, Labor Mobility, and Unemployment 0 0 0 129 0 0 5 495
Interest-Free Loans between Villagers 0 0 0 57 0 2 5 259
Layoffs, Recruitment, and Interfirm Mobility 0 0 0 23 0 3 3 142
Monitoring Price Behaviour in the Resale Housing Market: A Note on Measurement and Implications for Policy 0 0 0 60 0 0 2 305
On The Efficiency of Matching and Related Models of Search and Unemployment 0 6 24 1,190 1 16 65 2,759
Repeated Insurance Contracts with Adverse Selection and Limited Commitment 0 0 0 92 0 0 4 267
Scheduling medical students to teaching hospitals 0 0 0 7 0 1 1 44
Self-Selection and Monitoring in Dynamic Incentive Problems with Incomplete Contracts 0 0 0 27 0 0 3 166
Short-run and long-run equilibrium for a small open economy with intermediate goods 0 0 1 51 0 0 7 295
Staggered Employment Contracts under Asymmetric Information 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 53
Unemployment and Recruitment with Heterogeneous Labor 0 0 0 34 0 3 5 106
Unemployment and Vacancies with Sectoral Shifts 1 3 4 85 1 5 14 275
Unions without rents: the curious economics of faculty unions 0 0 1 54 0 0 4 281
Total Journal Articles 1 10 32 2,073 3 33 135 6,467


text:
The Citizens' Voice () ist eine Lokalzeitung, die täglich in Wilkes-Barre im US-Bundesstaat Pennsylvania erscheint. Sie wurde 1978 von streikenden Mitarbeitern der bis dato einzigen Tageszeitung in Wilkes-Barre, dem Times Leader, gegründet.

Verbreitung der gedruckten Ausgabe
Die ersten Ausgaben von The Citizens' Voice hatten eine Auflage von rund 45.000 Exemplaren.

Im Spätsommer 2018 lag die gedruckte Auflage nach Angaben der Alliance for Audited Media bei 20.968 Exemplaren an Werktagen sowie 23.116 Exemplaren der Sonntagsausgabe.

Geschichte
In den 1960er- und frühen 1970er-Jahren erschienen in Wilkes-Barre zwei Tageszeitungen, der Times Leader, the Evening News und der Wilkes-Barre Record, die allerdings schon seit 1939 im selben Verlag, der Wilkes-Barre Publishing Company, erschienen. Mit der Ausgabe vom 27. Juni 1972 wurden beide zum Wilkes Barre Times Leader/The Evening News/Wilkes-Barre Record kombiniert. Im Mai 1978 erwarb der Medienkonzern Capital Cities Communications die Wilkes-Barre Publishing Company und deren Tageszeitung, die kurz darauf in The Times Leader umbenannt wurde.

Zwischen dem neuen Eigentümer und der zu großen Teilen in den vier Gewerkschaften Newspaper Guild Local 120, Typographical Union Local 187, Pressmen's Union Local 137 und Stereotypers' Union Local 139 organisierten Belegschaft des Times-Leader entwickelten sich Konflikte über die Arbeitsbedingungen, Bezahlung und die redaktionelle Ausrichtung. In einem Klima von gegenseitigem Misstrauen beauftragte Capital Cities im Sommer 1978 unter anderem eine Sicherheitsfirma, den Konzern Wackenhut Corporation, mit der Überwachung von Mitarbeitern im Redaktionsgebäude, der Absicherung des Betriebsgeländes mit einem 3,5 m hohen Zaun und der Erarbeitung von "Notfallplänen" für den Fall von Streiks. Dies wurde von den gewerkschaftlich organisierten Zeitungsmitarbeitern als Einschüchterungsversuch vor den anstehenden Tarifvertragsverhandlungen interpretiert. Nachdem keine Einigung über die Verlängerung eines zum 30. September 1978 ausgelaufenen Tarifvertrags erzielt werden konnte, riefen die vier Gewerkschaften am 6. Oktober 1978 zur Arbeitsniederlegung auf. Etwa 210 Mitarbeiter, ein Großteil der Belegschaft, folgten dem Aufruf. Der Streik dauerte bis 1982 und wurde letztlich nach über vier Jahren dadurch beendet, dass den vier Gewerkschaften schrittweise die Vertretungsbefugnis entzogen wurde.

Ein Teil der Streikenden gründete eine eigene Zeitung, The Citizens' Voice, deren erste Ausgabe am 9. Oktober 1978 erschien. Gedruckt wurden die ersten, nun täglich außer sonntags publizierten Auflagen auf der Druckmaschine des Wyoming Valley Observer, einer regionalen Wochenzeitung. The Citizens' Voice sollte nur für die Dauer des Streiks erscheinen und durch finanzielle Konkurrenz die Verhandlungsposition gegenüber den Herausgebern des Times Leader stärken. Durch den Wechsel zahlreicher Leser zur Citizens' Voice sank die Auflage des Times Leader tatsächlich innerhalb weniger Wochen deutlich. Mit verbliebenen und neuen Mitarbeitern erschien der Times-Leader allerdings weiterhin. Auch nach dem Ende des Streiks wurde The Citizens' Voice weiter als "Streikzeitung" unter finanzieller Beteiligung der involvierten Gewerkschaften herausgegeben; ab 1984 mit einer eigenen Druckerei. 1989 wurde der Zeitungsbetrieb in ein Unternehmen umgewandelt, dessen Anteile von Mitarbeitern übernommen wurden. Nachdem im Mai 1993 die regionale Sonntagszeitung Sunday Independent abrupt geschlossen wurde und die seit 1987 herausgegebene Sonntagsausgabe des Times-Leader somit die einzige Sonntagspublikation in Wilkes-Barre gewesen wäre, entschied sich The Citizens' Voice, auch sonntags zu publizieren.

Im Mai 2000 wurde The Citizens' Voice vom Verlag Times-Shamrock Communications übernommen, dessen größte Publikation die Lokalzeitung The Scranton Times-Tribune in Scranton ist.

Einzelnachweise

Zeitung (Vereinigte Staaten)
Englischsprachige Tageszeitung
Ersterscheinung 1978
Unternehmen (Luzerne County)
Medien (Pennsylvania)
Wilkes-Barre


Wells and Munday Builders is a family run business who has been dedicating themselves to construction since 1968. We offer a wide variety of services in the building industry.
Based in Aylesbury we serve the three counties of Buckinghamshire, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire.
If a job is worth doing, we believe it is worth doing to the best of our ability with the utmost attention. Therefore we pride ourselves on our dedication to building your dreams, from it being something small like a table or big like an extension, everything created is something to be enjoyed, which is why we strive for perfection.


text:
Q: OR-TOOLS assign shifts sequentially i have a problem with worker sheduling with or-tools because assigns shifts not sequentially.
On a 4-hour working day I have to assign 2 shifts to each CSC. Each turn requires at least 2 csc to be present. I want each CSC to have two consecutive assigned rounds.
I don't know which costraint to implement. Can you help me?

    //each shift must have at least 2 CSC
    int csc = 4;
    int days = 1;
    int shifts = 4;
    int shiftCSC = 2;
    IntVar[][][] shifts = new IntVar[csc][days][shifts];

    for (int n = 0; n < csc; n++) {
        for (int d = 0; d < days; d++) {
            for (int s = 0; s < shifts; s++) {
              shifts[n][d][s] = model.newIntVar(0, 1, "shift_n" + n + "d" + s + "s" + s);
            }
        }
    }

    for (int n = 0; n < csc; n++) {
        for (int d = 0; d < days; d++) {
            model.addEquality(LinearExpr.sum(shifts[n][d]), shiftCSC);

        }
    }

    for (int d = 0; d < days; d++) {
        for (int s = 0; s < shifts; s++) {
           IntVar[] nursesPerShift = new IntVar[csc];
           for (int n = 0; n < csc; n++) {
                nursesPerShift[n] = shifts[n][d][s];
           }
           model.addGreaterOrEqual(LinearExpr.sum(nursesPerShift), 2);
        }
   }

   //OUTPUT
     CSC 1 works shift 0
     CSC 1 works shift 2
     CSC 2 works shift 1
     CSC 2 works shift 3
     CSC 3 works shift 1
     CSC 3 works shift 2
     CSC 4 works shift 0
     CSC 4 works shift 3

   //expected output
     CSC 1 works shift 0
     CSC 1 works shift 1
     CSC 2 works shift 2
     CSC 2 works shift 3
     CSC 3 works shift 0
     CSC 3 works shift 1
     CSC 4 works shift 2
     CSC 4 works shift 3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Donors, grantors, boards of directors, and regulators all expect a full accounting of how your organization uses money. Fund accounting is an accounting method that groups assets and liabilities according to the functional purpose for which they are to be used.
It keeps restricted and unrestricted funds separate for nonprofit accountability and management.
You will be able to manage, prepare and maintain fund balance reports manually or with a computerized accounting system. Prepare for A-133 audit requirements of some non-profit organizations depending on size of federal funding, and prepare and support grant fund allocations for funding sources. You will also learn to provide fund reports to management, auditors, funding sources and the board of directors, work with the executive director and project managers in understanding the financial aspects of the program and become aware of the need for budget revisions.
Most all Funding sources (Grant providers) have very specific reporting requirements in accounting for funds you have received from their sources. These funds are generally obtained from a Federal, State, Local government and/or private sources designating your funding as the administrator of these grants.
The skills and information you will get from this guide will help to ensure you are prepared for your A-133 Audit, provide documentation of receipts and expenditures for your funding sources, provide the organization with invaluable information on the performance of your programs, and help to determine when budget revisions are required. Accurate accounting for funds received can be a determining factor in ongoing funding for your programs; therefore, it is imperative that the methods used to account for grant funds received are in compliance with the guideline set by the governing entities and/or funding sources in the case of restricted funds received from private donors.
As an accounting professional, executive director, board member or project manager you will greatly benefit from the information contained in this guide.
Included are worksheets that you can use for your organization or use to prepare preliminary information to be transferred to an electronic system of accounting and document maintenance such as Excel or Word and others.
The author, M. Letha Daniels began her accounting career in 1973 in the for-profit Corporate America.
She has spent 17 years working for major companies in the food industry, manufacturing, distribution, and the financial industry and moved from entry level accounting positions to Mid-West Regional Budget manager in a major communications corporation.
One of her positions with a prominent Accounting firm was with a non-profit agency. She found that she enjoyed non-profit accounting and was blessed with the ability to understand the process of non-profit accounting, compliance, and systems and unlike many in the field she has been able to accomplish her goals to contribute to the non-profit community thru accounting.
As an accountant, she worked with non-profit organizations providing services that include A-133 audit preparation, organizational compliance with OMB and other regulating agencies including compliance with GAAP and FASB regulations. With a programming background she specializes in setting up and implementing accounting systems and processes specifically for fund/grant accounting.
She has been fortunate in participating and managing in various areas of non-profit operations, program management, finance, accounting, and ongoing concerns in helping to ensure compliance and success of reaching and maintaining the goals and missions of the organizations she has managed.
Research, Note Taking, Organize thoughts and begin writing. No specific Structure.
This particular books is my contribution to the non-profit community.
Preparing to produce a hard copy of the book.
My work history identified the need for a book such as this.
Business and Finance because it's my background, though I will be writing books in another genre.
A lot of research. Accuracy is very important.
Realizing purchases of my book and requests for help from purchasers.
I don't think so. This was a great experience.
Yes, I have modified the original version and have thoughts for a second volume.
Not very much yet, still learning how to promote to s specific niche market.
For some people, I really am not interested for this book or subject.
No, but hope to in the future.
Not yet other than it would nice to be able to afford to pay someone to do it.
This type of book no more than 200 pages.
I don't , still learning this step and how to go about finding reviewers.
Stop, take a break and maybe find something else to do for a while. Vegetating helps a lot.
Take your time and feel good about each section of the book as you put it together. If non-fiction, research and research some more.
I have spent more than 17 years working for major companies in the food industry, manufacturing, distribution, and the financial industry and moved from entry level accounting positions to Mid-West Regional Budget manager with a major communications corporation. One of my assignments with a prominent Accounting firm was with a non-profit agency. I found that I enjoyed non-profit accounting and was blessed with the ability to understand the process of non-profit accounting, compliance, and systems and unlike many in the field I have been able to accomplish my goals to contribute to the non-profit community thru accounting. In 1990 I moved from Corporate America to the Non-Profit industry and never looked back. I have received compliments and referrals from funding agents on the systems and processes I have put in place to ensure organizations' are able to become compliant and stay in compliance. As an accountant, I have worked with non-profit organizations providing services that include A-133 audit preparation, organizational compliance with OMB and other regulating agencies, including compliance with GAAP and FASB regulations. With a programming background I specializes in setting up and implementing accounting systems and processes specifically for fund/grant accounting.


SEGA have announced that SEGA Ages Puyo Puyo will be released this week in Japan, on March 28th to be precise. It will cost 925 Yen.
SEGA Ages Puyo Puyo (Switch – eShop) comes out on March 28th in Japan. The Upcoming Games page has been updated!
Since Alex Kidd in Miracle World and Phantasy Star share the same director, you can find cross-references between the two. For example, the Psycho Wand (The Cane of Flight) in Alex Kidd is wielded by Lutz (Noah) in Phantasy Star.
SEGA Ages Alex Kidd in Miracle World (Switch – eShop) comes out on March 28th in Europe and North America.
Creature in the Well (Switch – eShop) comes out this Summer in Europe and North America.


A spicy snack while cheering on your favorite team!
2.	Mix mayonnaise and Chipotle peppers well. Add to tuna mixture and combine thoroughly. 3.	Form into 6 patties (~1/4 cup mixture per patty); place remaining ¼ cup bread crumbs on a plate. Coat each side of the patty with bread crumbs.
4.	Heat oil in non-stick skillet over medium heat. Cook patties 3 to 5 minutes on each side until golden brown.
5.	Place tuna patty on slider bun with a lettuce and tomato as desired. Top with avocado and chopped cilantro if desired.
Alternate cooking directions: Preheat oven to 425ºF. 5.	Spray baking sheets with cooking spray; place patties on baking sheets. Bake for 10 minutes on one side. Flip and bake for 10 minutes on the other side or until lightly browned.


Speed up the transaction process and fill out your documents before you visit a Security Service location.
Manage code word associated with your accounts.
Print your transaction slip for withdrawals and deposits ahead of time.
Request to set up direct deposit with your payroll office.
Joint account owners can remove themselves from an account.
Change the account holder display name.
Grant online banking access to additional users.
A guide to help you through the account settlement process.
Request a stop payment on ACH transactions for your personal or business accounts.
Stop payment for Official check lost in mail from Security Service.
Stop payment for Official check originally in possession of member.
Remove stop payment and restore ACH transaction.
Remove stop payment on specific check.
Place a stop payment on a specific check or a range of checks.
Direct deposit for certificate interest to another financial institution.