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A Kalhora-dinasztia vagy Kalhoro-dinasztia (szindhi: ڪلهوڙا راڄ) Szindh és a mai Pakisztán más területeit uralta, 1701-től 1783-ig. A családi vérvonal a Kalhora klánban gyökeredzik. A Mogul nagyvezír Mirza Gázi bég jelölte ki őket a térség uraivá, majd folyamatosan kialakult dinasztiájuk, de a Mogul sahok a Kalhora navábok néven emlegették őket.

Nádir sah megszálló serege legyőzte a Kalhora-dinasztiát akik megadták magukat. Mián Gulám Kalhora sah ujjászervezte és megszilárdította az országot, ám fia elvesztette a hatalmat Szindh felett és a Talpur emírek megfosztották trónjától. Mian Abdul Nabi Kalhoro volt az utolsó Kalhora uralkodó.

A Kalhora uralom Szindh felett 1701-ben kezdődött, amikor Mian Jár Mohamed Kalhorót a Mogul birodalom uralkodójának nevében beiktatták Kuda Jár kán címmel Felső-Szindh szarkár kormányzójának. Később uralkodói rendelettel lett Szivi (ma Szibi, Beludzsisztán, Pakisztán) kormányzója. Aurangzeb birtokot adományozott neki az Indus és Nara közt, ahol megalapította királyságát és annak fővárosát Kudabadot. Ezzel Mian Jár Mohamed birodalmi ügynök vagy kormányzó lett. Később kiterjesztette uralmát Szehvanra és Bukkurra, ezzel Észak és Közép-Szindh egyeduralkodója lett, Tattát kivéve, ami megmaradt a birodalom közvetlen ellenőrzése alatt.

A Kalhora-dinasztia négy jelentős uralkodók adott a térségnek, nevezetesen Mian Naszír Mohamedet, Mian Jár Mohamedet, Mian Núr Mohamedet és Mian Gulám Sahot. A dinasztia uralma alatt virágzott a szindhi irodalom és aranykorát élte. Olyan költők alkottak ebben az időszakban, mint Abdul Latif Bittai Sah, Szacsal Szarmaszt és Számi. A dinasztia halani csatában vesztette el hatalmát a Taplurok javára.

Mian Naszír Mohamed Kalhoro (1657 – 1692)
A Kalhora-dinasztia első uralkodója Mian Naszír Mohamed Kalhoro volt, aki egy kellemes és erényes ember volt és akit a Bakhiri (Észak-Szindh) mogulok zaklattak. Idejének nagy részét a homokos sivatagban töltötte Sahdadkot (Szindh, Pandzsáb közelében) közelében. Hadakozott Mirza Pinivel, Szibi uralkodójával és a panvárokkal (moszlim rádzsput klán). A békekötés feltételeként Aurangzeb Gválijarba száműzte. Folyamatos hadakozások után sikerült megszöknie a sikarpuri Bahádur Daudpota segítségével. Visszatért, hogy a Mianval mozgalom élére álljon és sikerült vereséget mérnie a mogulokra. Naszír 1692-ben hunyt el és Gáriban (Kairpur körzet, Dadu, Szindh) temették el, Kakar Taluk közelében. Síremlékét fia, Jár építtette 1708-ban.

Mian Dín Mohamed Kahora (1692 - 1699)
Naszírt idősebb fia követte a trónon, Dín Kalhora, aki egész életében a mogulokkal hadakozott, hogy megszilárdítsa hatalmát. Ő állt a Mianval mozgalom élére és sikerült mind politikailag, mint területileg gyarapítani tekintélyét és birtokait.

Aurangzeb 1695-ben unokáját, Muizuddint, I. Bahádur sah legidősebb fiát nevezte ki Multán kormányzójának. A mogulok megvádolták a Kalhorákat, hogy viszályt szítanak és Muizuddin és a bakhari szardár (Pandzsáb) és szivisztáni szardár (Szindh) kormányzói kifogásolták a Mianval mozgalmat. A Mianval vezetők számos birtokát támadták és ez 1699-ben a garellói csatához vezetett (Dokri taluk, Larkana körzet, Szindh). Ebben a csatában a Kalhora seregeket Feroze Fakír Virár (Kalhora Naszír tanítványa és Kalhora Dín seregének tábornoka) vezette. A seregben részt vettek csapatok Gáíból, Kakarból és Kairpurból. Dzsehán vezette a mogul sereget, amelyet panvár (mohamedán rádzsput törzs a térségből) csapatok is támogattak. A Kalhorák állták a sarat és Dzehán elesett a csatában.

1701-ben Muizudín meg akarta bosszulni a vereséget és Lahorból Szindhbe vonult. Kalhora Dín elküldte testvérét Kalhora Mohamedet és két tanácsadóját, Kaszimot és Kamánt, hogy békítsék meg Muizuddínt. A követek megjelentek Muizuddín színe előtt és meggyőzték őt, hogy vonuljon vissza Lahorba. Muizuddín visszavonulóban volt Lahorba, mikor hírét vette, hogy Mianvál csapatok falvakat fosztogattak. Megfordult hát és ádáz csatát vívott a Nai Gadzs folyó partjainál Dadu közelében. Miután vereséget szenvedett Kalhora Dín kegyelemért esdekelt, de megölték és eltemették Szindhben.

Mian Jár Mohamed Kalhora
Kalhora Dín halála után 1701-ben Kalhora Naszír fiatalabb fia, Kalhora Jár Kalatba menekült követőivel. A beludzsok nem fogadták szívélyesen és Kirtári-hegyekben telepedett le, ahol a Mian Gan hegyet róla nevezték el. Végül visszatért Szindhbe és Aurangzeb herceg a Kudajár kán címmel illette.

Mian Núr Mohamed Kalhora
1736-ban Mohamed sah, beiktatta a Kalhora-dinasztia következő hercegét, Kalhora Núrt és kinevezte őt Szindh navábjának. Az 1740-es évek végén az afgán Sadozai-dinasztia bekebelezte Szindh tartományt és Kalhora Núr afgán vazallus lett.
Dalautpurtól (Navábsah körzet) 15 km-re keletre helyezkedik el egy temetkezőhely, amit Kalhora Núrról neveztek el.

Mian Gulám Kalhoro sah (1757 - 1772)
Mian Gulám Kalhora sah (szindi: ميان غلام شاه ڪلهوڙو) híres uralkodója volt a Kalhora-dinasztának. A törzsi főnökök 1757-ben választották meg és testvére, Mian Muradjáb Kalhoro, helyébe lépett.
Mian Gulám sah Mian Núr Mohamed fia volt, aki Nádir sah ellen harcolt, mikor az leigázta Szindhet és rabságba hurcolták fiait Perzsiába. Így Gulám sah maradt az egyetlen legitim örököse a trónnak.

1752-től 1762-ig a marathák adót szedte Szindhben. Hogy a mogul hatalmat restaurálják, 1762-ben Kalhoro Gulám segédkezett Ahmed Sah Abdalinak a hindu marathák ellen harcolni a harmadik panipati csata folyamán.
A harmadik panipati csata következtében 1761-ben a maratha hatalom meggyengült a térségben 1762-ben Mian Gulám Kalhoro sah megerősítette és átszervezte hatalmát Szindhben és saját erőből szorította ki a marathákat az országából. Kalhora Gulám 8 ezer fős sereget vezetett. A Thár-sivatagban vereséget mért az egyesült maratha és kacsi seregre és a Sah Vardi kán címet érdemelte ki. A csatából visszatérve azzal ünnepelte meg győzelmét, hogy mauzóleumot építtetett a nagy szúfi költőnek, Sáh Abdul Latif Bittainak.

1763-ban szindhi seregeinek élén átkelt a Thár-sivatagon Kacs irányában, hogy megbüntesse a Dzsadedzsa-dinasztiát a Katiavár régió kalózait. Elfoglalta Szindúri erődjét és megépíttette Imamgar erődöt. Megöltek 6 ezer kacsi katonát. Győzelmeit tetézve behatolt Budzs erődjébe, kifosztotta a környező falvakat és városokat. Elfoglalta Buszta és Lakpat kikötőit. Mikor azonban Kacs uralkodója békét keresett, a szindi sereg kiürítette az elfoglalt területeket. 1764-ben tért haza Sahpurba. 1765-ben ismét megrohanta Kacsot és elfoglalta Mórú megerősített városát. Mielőbb mélyebbre hatolt volna az országba, Kacs uralkodója ismét békejavaslattal jött, amit azután szentesítettek.

1969-ben elküldte Dzsahán kán szardárt, hogy foglalja el Multánt, ám a szindi és multáni seregeknek szembe kellett nézniök a Rándzsit Szing vezette szikhekkel, amelyek Multánt szorongatták. A szindhiek nem is jutottak Dera Gázi Kánon (város Pandzsábban) túl. Miután a Szikh birodalom elfoglalta Multánt a Kalhora-dinasztia támogatta a mogul ellentámadásokat és ekkor alakultak ki országa határai.

1772-ben hunyt el váratlanul. Az egyik nap bénulást kapott és másnap el is hunyt.

Szindh Mian uralkodói
Mian Adam Kalhoro sah
Mian Jár Mohamed Kalhoro (1701-1719)
Mian Núr Mohamed Kalhoro
Mian Gulám Kalhoro sah (1757-1772)
Mian Mohamed Muradjáb Kalhoro kán
Mian Naszír Mohamed Kalhoro
Mian Sahul Mohamed Kalhoro
Mian Szarfráz Kalhoro
Mian Abdul Nabi Kalhoro (1776-1782)

Hagyatékuk
1782-ben a beludzsi Talpur klán hadat viselt a Kalhorákkal. A halani csatában a Talpurok győzedelmeskedtek. A Kalhora dinasztia hagyatéka a művészetekben és a tudományban volt érezhető, valamint mérsékelt adókat vezettek be. Számos öntözőrendszert, csatornákat fejeztek be.

Hivatkozások

Külső hivatkozások
 https://www.scribd.com/document/90114303/Kalhora-Dynasty
 http://khalifatullahmehdi.info/articles/english/kalhora-governance-of-sindh.pdf
 http://www.liquisearch.com/kalhora_dynasty
 http://dictionnaire.sensagent.leparisien.fr/Kalhora/en-en/

Fordítás

Pakisztán történelme

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Georgia, District 8
A Georgia Farmer's Not So Peachy Ordeal with the Immigration System
Lawton Pearson is a fifth-generation Georgia peach farmer. Even though he left rural Fort Valley, GA to attend college and law school, he couldn't give up the farming way of life and soon returned. He's attracted to the high-risk, high-reward stakes of owning his own business. Plus, he loves the seasons. "It's in my blood," says Pearson, 39. "There's one to rest, plant and harvest. It's kind of poetic. Besides, I get to be outside and work in the middle of blooming peach trees."
I can't go into the year not knowing where my help will come from.
But immigration policy is making this way of life increasingly difficult. Pearson needs a reliable labor source, and Americans aren't interested in seasonal work. "We can't mechanize peach growing," he says. "Everything must be done by hand – the pruning, picking, thinning." The magical harvesting window is extremely narrow, and workers might have 48 hours at the most to get peaches off trees and into boxes. This means that Pearson relies on migrant workers, mostly Mexican, to pick his crops. But though his workers have come to him legally for years under a guest worker visa program, they're ineligible for legal status. "It really turns my stomach," Pearson says. "A lot of guys have been coming to my farm for 15 years in a row and following the rules." A better system, he says, would give every immigrant the same opportunity to apply for permanent residency.
Pearson insists he's grateful for the guest worker program that provides temporary visas to 100 workers on his farm from February through August. In the 1980s, his family used migrant crews that would follow the crops from Florida every season, but they starting thinning out after a crackdown by the Immigration and Naturalization Service. Still, the guest worker program is expensive and cumbersome. Employers pay for workers' housing, transportation, visa and border crossing fees – about $800 for each person. Plus, they must pay $10.59 an hour, which is substantially higher than Georgia's minimum wage of $7.25. "I don't like having to deal with all these regulations," says Pearson, adding that it would be easier on his bottom line to pay workers the higher wage if he didn't have to pay so many fees. "But this is the only way I can get my crop picked."
Pearson wants to see the visa program reformed to make hiring less bureaucratic. This year, his workers arrived a week later than he wanted because there were delays at the consulate. "I need flexibility, but it's the best option I have," he says. "I can't go into the year not knowing where my help will come from." He also hopes immigration reform will benefit his workers who follow the rules, because he wants to see them treated well. "At the end of the day, I'm always worried about my people," he says. "I need them."

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In the vegetable garden: Plant and sow cool-season crops: artichoke (sold as bare root), cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, onions (right before rains), Brussels sprouts, beets, kale, peas (sweet and snap), carrots, radish, celery (cooking variety will grow year-round), turnip, mustard, parsley (Italian and curly can be grown all year), cilantro, spinach.
In the landscape: Remove summer annuals. Add compost or manure to the soil. Late September, plant spring-blooming bulbs such as daffodils, narcissus, tulips, hyacinths, crocus, and iris. Avoid buying soft, moldy bulbs. They should be firm and plump. Once bulbs are in, plant fall annuals. These can include pansies, calendulas, snapdragons, violas, annual stock, California poppies, African daisies, bachelor's buttons, forget-me-nots, Lobelia, alyssum, and Iceland poppies.
Divide old irises and perennials such as candytuft, daylily, agapanthus, and coreopsis after blooming. Before replanting, amend the soil.
Sow wildflower seeds. Treat roses for powdery mildew. Test for spider mites by shaking the plant over a white sheet of paper. Spray, if needed, with a recommended product from a reputable nursery.
Lay sod or sow seed for new lawns. Bare patches on old turfs can be seeded or filled in with sod.
Feed perennials and annuals one last time. Apply pre-emergent herbicide to lawns. Apply aluminum sulfate to hydrangeas for blue blossoms next year.


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św. Wawrzyniec z Rzymu (zm. 258) – diakon, męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec z Canterbury (zm. 619) – arcybiskup Canterbury
 św. Wawrzyniec z Dublina (1128-1180) – arcybiskup Dublina
 św. Wawrzyniec (zakonnik) (zm. 1243)
 św. Wawrzyniec Iustiniani (1381-1456) – pierwszy patriarcha Wenecji
 św. Wawrzyniec z Brindisi (1559-1619) – kapucyn
 św. Wawrzyniec Ruiz (ok. 1600-1637) – filipiński męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Imbert (1796/97-1839) – francuski misjonarz, biskup, męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Han I-hyŏng (1799-1846) – koreański katechista, męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Nguyễn Văn Hưởng (ok. 1802-1856) – wietnamski ksiądz, męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Wang Bing (1802-1858) – chiński katechista, męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Bai Xiaoman (1821-1856) – chiński męczennik
 św. Wawrzyniec Ngôn (ok. 1840-1862) – wietnamski męczennik

Zobacz też:
 Błogosławiony Wawrzyniec
 St. Lawrence
 St. Lorenz

ru:Святого Лаврентия


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Q: Magento 2 : Insert image or select image not load -blank page Do not be tired
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More and more property owners across New York State have come to realize that true property tax relief will come about when the State takes back some of the mandated expenses that are passed down to local government.
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The state for years has passed down a large portion of the cost of running certain expenses to the local property owner.
I have recently become aware via NYSAC (New York State Association of Counties), that there is a web site where everyone can view and express the concerns we have as property owners.
Though we have strong advocates in both the Assembly and the Senate in our region, they are at times outnumbered and parked on the sidelines by the interests of other groups and their lobbyists.
I would like to ask that you please spend a moment to visit the web site: www.enoughmandates.com and join the voices in New York that are crying out that we have reached the point that continuing down this road of passing along the costs in this manner is destroying our way of life.
Thank you for you considerations and again please visit this site.


Little Miss A and I have been staying with my parents this weekend and we decided to have an afternoon out.
I'd recently seen something about a Sculpture Trail at Stanwick Lakes which looked interesting. When I asked my Mum where the Lakes were in relation to her, she said about 15 minutes away so they seemed like the ideal choice.
We arrived about midday and the wardens were directing cars into the overflow car park so it was already busy. We parked up and set off in the direction of the playground. Within minutes Little Miss A was straight on to the biggest climbing frame! We lost count of the number of times she went round and down the slide!
Whilst she was busy, my Dad went to the Visitors Centre to get a map and eventually we managed to persuade Little Miss A to come off the climbing frame so we could go for a walk.
There are a few sculptures to spot in the playground but the main Sculpture Trail goes round the Lake in front of the Visitors Centre. It was just the right distance for Little Miss A to walk round herself and the Sculptures dotted along the path added interest for her.
I think her favourite was the owl but I liked the frogs which were decorated by local schools and youth organisations. It was fun finding the frog hidden in the tunnel of trees. Little Miss A did a few circuits through the tunnel!
It was a really hot day so we all needed an ice cream to cool us down after the walk. Then Little Miss A was off again in to the playground. I took her to some of the other climbing frames but her favourite was definitely the biggest one!
I ummed and aahed about letting Little Miss A loose in the water play area, but in the end thought, why not, it's only sand and water! So I got her changed into her swimming stuff and she had fun cooling off a bit. There are lots of water wheels, chutes and troughs. Little Miss A got inside one of the troughs and had a really good splash!
If you're visiting it's worth taking swimming stuff (which will end up pretty mucky from the brown water) and also a bucket & spade as there is lots of sand to play in.
We only covered a small part of this 750 acre Nature Reserve and just walked round one of the many lakes. There is an indoor play area, an Adventure Trail, an Iron Age Roundhouse, Bird Hides and an Assault Course. There are cycle paths so you can take your own bikes or hire bikes on-site. Dogs are allowed but have to be kept on the lead.
There are no charges for using the facilities at the Lakes but car parking charges apply and vary depending on the time of year. As it's the school holidays parking was £3.50 for up to 2 hours; £4.50 for up to 3 hours; and £5.50 for over 3 hours.
With so much more to explore we'll be visiting again some time soon on another visit to Little Miss A's Nana and Pops!
Glad it's inspired you to go Caroline. It really is a nice place to visit with lots on offer.
Thanks Lisa. One for your list of places to go then!
It looks a great place to visit! I love sculpture trails, especially when they are not too long for little legs! I always get a bit annoyed when they put play parks near the entrances as it takes A LOT of persuasion to get my eldest away to do something else first! The water park look great too, Miss A looks like she really enjoyed herself in there!
Thanks Jenny. She really did have a great time. I know what you mean about playgrounds near the entrances!
Thanks Kate. It's a great combination of things to do in one place. We'll definitely visit again.
Thanks pixiedusk! I know, the climbing frame was huge but that didn't stop Little Miss A! The bigger the better for her!
Definitely. I'm sure we'll be revisiting again now we know what's there and how close it is to where my parents live!


On Wednesday, August 8 from 9:05-9:25am (CDT), I'll be doing a show which I think may be a little groundbreaking.
My guest will be Baber Mohammed, a labor organizer for the Service Employees International Union (SEIU), Local 1 in Houston.
Progressives, Democrats and various pro-labor groups and individuals can often be heard waxing eloquently about all the benefits which organized labor has brought to the American workforce, both union and non-union. One topic rarely discussed in media is, how do you start to unionize? Where does a person or small group of workers begin?
It is my hope that this will be the first in a series of "Unionizing For Dummies™" episodes.


text:
The Digital Learning Experiment of 2020The Big Read
To tie in with January's RISE Spotlight on digital learning, Genna Ash-Brown, Editor of Education Technology, discusses how the pandemic has prompted a massive uptake of education technology – and what the outcomes of this great experiment are likely to be.
With COVID-19 signalling the quickest mass adoption of digital learning to date, the education sector continues to react to an unprecedented pace of change. While a digital revolution was well and truly underway before the pandemic, the sudden 'tech boom' has caused a seismic shift in the way we learn.
But the issue with any growing tech bubble is that, eventually, it bursts. And as of right now, the pervasive nature of technology and the breakneck pace of digital transformation is reshaping the constructs of society before our very eyes. So, how will this impact the future of education and the budding generations it serves?
'Education is not optional'
In the UK, a government U-turn saw education campuses reopen at the start of June. As part of the Coronavirus Act 2020, the Department for Education (DfE) issued a Temporary Continuity Direction on the provision of remote education. The DfE stated that the intention was to "provide legal certainty for all involved in the education sector".
In its initial guidance for institutions opening their doors after six long months of home working, the government emphasised that "education is not optional", stating that schools must have the ability to continue with online delivery, and that students must have access to "high-quality education that promotes their development" and which "aligns as closely as possible with in-school provision". The result of these requirements? The biggest experiment into distance learning the world has ever seen.
"We are seeing the results of this now," said Dr Alex Fenton, lecturer in Digital Business at Salford Business School; and Dr Aleksej Heinze, associate professor in digital marketing at Kedge Business School in France, in a joint interview. "Students are already much more familiar with online conferencing and are getting new skills for virtual collaborations and use of collaborative working tools."
This makes sense since, according to Promethean's State of Technology in Education 2020 report, COVID has steered a considerable rise in the prominence of collaborative tech. After gathering insights from 2,000 educators during lockdown, Promethean found that 43% of senior leadership team members feel that tech should be prioritised as a tool to inspire collaboration. But this is not the only benefit of remote lesson delivery.
"One of the biggest immediate benefits of online learning is the ability to reach and impact a wider range of learners with specialist needs across the UK," explained Liz Rumsey, lead special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) teacher at Tute Education. "As an online teacher, I can help support hundreds of SEND students from any location, who might otherwise not have been able to attend school in person or access full curriculum opportunities." Rumsey added that, for many of these students, simply being able to attend a full lesson and engage in educational activities is a huge achievement – and often something they wouldn't have been able to do back in 'normal' times.
Wait – there's more: a study by researchers at Russia's HSE University found that high-quality digital lessons are no less effective than traditional classes in terms of learning outcomes. And from an institutional perspective, there are myriad reasons to invest in online learning technology, with the same study showing that e-learning courses expand access to a first-rate education without increasing costs, since, at university-level, for example, the number of students who are eligible for enrolment surges by 15-18%.
Studies such as this show that, in this 'new normal', experts are starting to measure the impact of the sector's digital transition. Umesh Sharma, academic head of the educational psychology and inclusive education community at Monash University, says that remote learning will have a differential impact on varying groups of students based on factors such as age and area of study. "But we are still not sure of its long-term impact on students," he told me.
A double-edged sword
It would be wrong to highlight the pros of e-learning and overlook the cons. Its potential to exacerbate the digital divide, for example, is impossible to ignore.
Digital inequality is an issue that disproportionately affects the most disadvantaged students. Even before the pandemic, data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) revealed that around 60,000 UK children aged 11-18 did not have internet access at home, while around 700,000 did not have access to a connected device. And while in April, education secretary Gavin Williamson announced a scheme to provide free laptops and tablets to students in need throughout the period of school closures, The Guardian reported that with just one week to go until schools were set to reopen on 15 June, more than half (54%) of secondary school leaders were yet to receive a single device.
"We do know that marginalised students will be further marginalised due to virtual learning," said Sharma. "There is a need to look for new ways to support all learners. A personalised approach may be required."
To top this off, a TeacherTapp survey from March 2020 found that many educators – especially those from schools in deprived areas – felt ill-prepared to face the demands of distance learning. According to their data, almost half of teachers in the most disadvantaged schools said they didn't think they could broadcast a lesson, while only 3% of teachers in the poorest schools were delivering digital classes.
"Exactly when we can measure the true impact of remote education delivery will differ greatly," said John Hayes, IT co-ordinator at Stanground Academy – part of Greenwood Academies Trust (GAT). "Every school and Trust will have entered the pandemic at different stages. While some, like Stanground and the other academies within GAT, were well equipped and had a robust digital strategy and provision in place, others may not have been so lucky."
Dwindling engagement?
The move to remote delivery has undoubtedly affected the teachers' assessment process. With geographical distance deeming face-to-face interaction more or less impossible (and in some cases, illegal), how could instructors monitor student engagement and progression?
According to Ernest Jenavs, CEO of educational survey platform Edurio, the sector has seen mixed responses regarding the teacher's ability to track student development. "When asked how easy it was to understand and track their pupils' progress with learning, 32% said it was very or quite difficult, whereas 43% of teachers felt it was very or quite easy."
However, said Jenavs, there were clearly pupils who fell out of the learning process. "Nearly all teachers said that some pupils had not engaged with learning at all and over 70% said that it was difficult to support pupils who already had low attainment."
But again, it isn't all bad. One thing COVID-19 has confirmed is that the sector is in dire need of increased digital provision. The importance of digital is so great that it has accelerated edtech adoption, and as Hayes alluded to earlier on, education institutes with robust infrastructure and strategy in place allow their entire community to thrive – even when crisis strikes. But, he says, while a fully digital offering may suit university settings, it's much less appropriate for schools.
"Being at school provides pupils with so much more than academic attainment; it's important for their social and emotional development, learning key skills such as confidence, resilience, communication and face-to-face interaction – including assemblies and PSHE [personal, social and health education] activities – are key to developing this."
That's why Hayes strongly believes blended learning "provides the best of both worlds", allowing schools to enhance student engagement, while simultaneously supporting teachers and ensuring learners develop into well-rounded, digitally savvy and responsible citizens.
Issues with integrity
Speaking of assessment, academic dishonesty was a challenge long before the pandemic came into play – especially for universities. Essay mills – businesses that permit customers to commission an original piece of writing they can then pass off as their own – support a form of contract cheating that can be hard to spot. While essay mills are banned in the US and New Zealand, with many other countries investing in legislation to take them down, in the UK, they remain legal.
From March 2020, when teaching, learning and assessment were forced to transition to a digital environment, many feared for the impact this might have on academic integrity. How would students' constant and necessary access to the vast chasms of the internet impact cases of academic dishonesty?
"In Spring 2020, as the extent of the pandemic became obvious, we realised that remote learning would become the 'new normal'," said Andreas Ohlson, CEO of text-matching software company Ouriginal. "We anticipated an increase in student submissions from institutions as a consequence. We reasoned that, as distance learning spread, teachers would understandably see the distance as a threat to academic integrity and plagiarism could be a problem. Students would consequently be asked to submit their papers more regularly."
But just as the internet has the potential to exacerbate the issue, edtech could have the power to solve it.
"To ensure academic integrity, we are seeing tools that address the problems created by essay mills and 'ghost writers'," added Ohlson. "These include author metric tools and cross-language translation solutions."
Fenton and Heinze agree. "Whilst there have been reports of plagiarism and cheating for online exams in recent years, the digital tools and systems [used to combat these issues] should continue to improve. So, for example, the Turnitin system should get better at matching plagiarised work. There are new and innovative systems [constantly] being developed to prevent online cheating."
Both Fenton and Heinze have first-hand experience of teaching amid the pandemic; Fenton, who is responsible for the assessment of written work and recorded presentations, said he hasn't observed any noticeable rise in matters of academic dishonesty. Heinze leads an online course in business research skills and methods, taken by students participating in a work placement or study abroad. "This course teaches students to guard against plagiarism and we actively encourage students to check their work for potential malpractice of referencing before submission. The ability to use this method for self-assessment before their work is submitted for summative assessment actually improved the quality of student submissions, so an inverse trend in this case," he explained.
And on this note, Ohlson concurs. "Our usage statistics even surprised us," he said. "When looking into the usage data of our solutions, we saw evidence of increased awareness for plagiarism and academic dishonesty," he said.
According to Ouriginal's usage statistics, lockdown triggered a 74% rise in the number of checked documents this year when compared to the same time period in 2019 – a staggering 122% increase on figures from 2018. "But this is only half the story," added Ohlson. "When you compare the number of checked documents on a weekly basis throughout 2020, and contrast that to the weeks of complete or partial lockdowns of schools and educational organisations, you'll get an even more interesting picture of educators' awareness for safeguarding academic integrity."
During the weeks of lockdown, Ouriginal found that the number of documents assessed for plagiarism increased significantly above the average (already high) usage, confirming that educators were well prepared and understood the dangers of plagiarism with the shift to an online-only model.
"Another interesting discovery is that during the times of lockdown," said Ohlson, "the average number of words submitted in 'checked' decreased substantially. This tells us that students wrote shorter assignments when away from the teachers' presence and coaching. We can only speculate about the reason, but it could very possibly point to the 'human' factor in teaching. Could it be the case that the teacher contributes far greater to the creative writing process than we give them credit for? Are they the real champions of academic integrity?"
This could well be the case.
'From scepticism to acceptance'
There's no denying that the future of the sector is fuzzy, and there's simply no way to know what's in store until it begins to unravel. And while e-learning comes with inevitable bumps – such as internet drop-outs and the challenge of student engagement – this is always carefully balanced against the perks.
"Edtech became an essential emergency tool during lockdown," Rumsey explained, "enabling teachers to continue providing remote learning support while schools were shut. And with the majority of schools now open amid the ongoing challenges of the pandemic, edtech is proving to be an invaluable long-term resource, helping us navigate the ever-changing situation and provide blended learning support.
"There's no doubt that remote learning has been hard for many young people; however, for some children with SEND, learning online with edtech tools has been a positive experience and provided them with a greater level of flexibility and personalised assistance." Therefore, said Rumsey, online learning could well be a lasting solution, promoting inclusivity for students who might otherwise have been excluded from the traditional classroom environment.
And when it's so easy for edtech tools to quickly become a gimmick, many will be pleased to know that the sector's ongoing COVID response is far from a passing fad. As Ohlson of Ouriginal concludes: "The pandemic has certainly accelerated the digital transformation in education, but the transformation has been steadily growing over the last two decades.
"For many, digital solutions in the classroom were considered 'nice-to-have' tools but not essential. We have gone from "technology might displace us, so let's proceed with caution" to "thank goodness for these digital tools – I can continue doing the job I love effectively, regardless of lockdown". What we have seen this year is a mindset shift in the industry from scepticism to acceptance."
With a fresh industry mind-set combined with the ongoing challenges of COVID-19, the education sector needs to balance demand with delivery, and short-term spend with long-term investment. Now is the time to innovate with edtech that will strengthen the hastily cemented foundations of a digital learning revolution and meet the demands of a new generation.
Genna Ash-Brown is Editor of Education Technology – a free platform featuring the latest edtech news, opinion, and event information from across the entire education sector, including primary and secondary schools, further education and higher education.
Digital Learning at ISE 2021
For educational institutions, businesses, private tutors and professional development specialists, ISE provides a shop window to the latest technology-derived educational tools and solutions.
The Education Technology Zone at ISE tells the story of how AV technology is helping to drive innovative teaching practices. In addition, the Unified Communications Zone is centred around providers of video communications and remote collaboration technology, which form the backbone of many digital learning systems. Plus, the Broadcast and Content Creation Zone offers solutions for any type of organisation that is looking to create and distribute its own content.
You may also like to read...
Ways to collaborate that we haven't seen before
The Big Read: XR in Today's Reality
Listen to the CEDIA Podcast – 'XR Update'
The Big Read: The dawn of virtual communications – What's driving workspace evolution?


text:
/**
 * ScheduleController
 *
 * @description :: TODO: график отпусков
 * @help        :: See http://sailsjs.org/#!/documentation/concepts/Controllers
 */
const ObjectId = require('mongodb').ObjectId;
const zone = "Europe/Moscow";
var Moment = require('moment-timezone');
const MomentRange = require('moment-range');
const moment = MomentRange.extendMoment(Moment);
moment.locale('ru');
const _ = require('lodash');
const async = require('async');
const path = require('path');
const fs = require('fs');
const http = require('http');

module.exports = {
    /**
     * Получить объект
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    get: function (req, res) {
        "use strict";
        if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});

        var q = {
            limit: req.param('limit'),
            sort: req.param('sort')
        };
        if (!_.isUndefined(req.param('where')) && !_.isUndefined(req.param('char'))) {
            var y = {};
            y[req.param('property')] = {'like': req.param('char')};
            q.where = y;
        }
        if (req.param('id')) {
            Schedule.findOne(req.param('id'))
                .populate('whomCreated')
                .populate('whomUpdated')
                .populate('vacations')
                .exec(function foundVacation(err, vacations) {
                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                    if (!vacations) return res.notFound();
                    return res.ok(vacations);
                });
        }
        else {
            User.findOne({id: req.session.me})
                .populate('interfaces')
                .exec(function foundVacation(err, findOneUser) {
                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                    if (!findOneUser) return res.notFound();
                    User.find(q)
                        .populate('interfaces')
                        .exec(function foundUser(err, users) {
                            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                            if (!users) return res.notFound();

                            /*  {
                             where: { /!* ... *!/ },
                             groupBy: [ /!* ... *!/ ],
                             sum: [ /!* ... *!/ ],
                             average: [ /!* ... *!/ ],
                             count: true,
                             min: [ /!* ... *!/ ],
                             max: [ /!* ... *!/ ],
                             sort: { /!* ... *!/ },
                             skip: 2353,
                             limit: 25
                             }*/
                            Schedule.find()
                                .populate('whomCreated')
                                .populate('whomUpdated')
                                .populate('vacations', {
                                    //where: {
                                    //   from: { '>=': new Date('2018-01-01'), '<': new Date('2019-01-01') }
                                    //},
                                    //limit: 3,
                                    //sort: 'hipness DESC'
                                })
                                .exec(function foundSchedule(err, schedules) {
                                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                                    if (!schedules) return res.notFound();
                                    async.each(schedules, function (file, callback) {
                                        if (file.length > 32) {
                                            console.log('Это имя слишком длинное');
                                            callback('Слишком длинное имя файла');
                                        } else {
                                            Vacation.find({
                                                from: {
                                                    '>=': new Date(moment(file.year, ["YYYY"])),
                                                    '<': new Date(moment(file.year, ["YYYY"]).add(1, 'year'))
                                                }
                                            }).exec((err, findVacation) => {
                                                if (err) res.serverError(err);
                                            });
                                            callback();
                                        }
                                    }, function (err) {
                                        if (err) {
                                            console.log('Не удалось обработать файл');
                                        } else {
                                            //console.log('Все файлы успешно обработаны');
                                        }
                                    });
                                    res.send(schedules);
                                });
                        });
                });
        }
    },

    /**
     * Создать
     * @param req
     * @param res
     * @returns {*}
     */
    create: function (req, res) {
        //if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        //if (!_.isNumber(req.param('daysSelectHoliday'))) return res.negotiate('Кол-во дней не число.');
        if (moment().isSameOrAfter(req.param('start'))) return res.badRequest('ВНИМАНИЕ! График просрочен.');
        let obj = {
            section: 'График отпусков',
            sections: 'Графики отпусков',
            name: req.param('name'),
            whomCreated: req.session.me,
            daysSelectHoliday: req.param('daysSelectHoliday'),
            action: req.param('action'),
            period: req.param('period'),
            status: 'Проект',
            start: new Date(req.param('start')),
            year: +req.param('year'),
            countData: +req.param('countData'),
            htmlData: req.param('htmlData'),
            idleStart: '',
            worked: moment().isSameOrAfter(moment(new Date(req.param('start')), ['X'])),
            from: new Date(req.param('from')),
            to: new Date(req.param('to'))
        };

        Schedule.find({year: obj.year}).exec((err, findSchedule) => {
            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
            if (findSchedule.length > 0) return res.badRequest('На ' + obj.year + ' год уже есть график отпусков.');
            User.findOne({id: obj.whomCreated})
                .exec((err, findUser) => {
                    Schedule.create(obj)
                        .exec(function (err, createSchedule) {
                            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                            console.log(obj.section + ' создан пользователем:', findUser.getFullName());
                            findUser.scheduleWhomCreated.add(createSchedule.id);
                            findUser.save(function (err) {
                                if (err) {
                                    return res.serverError(err);
                                }
                                Schedule.find().exec((err, findSchedule) => {
                                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                                    sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'hello', {howdy: findSchedule}, req);
                                    sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'badges', {
                                        badges: [createSchedule],
                                        action: 'создан',
                                        shortName: findUser.getShortName(),
                                        fullName: findUser.getFullName(),
                                        avatarUrl: findUser.avatarUrl
                                    }, req);
                                    res.send(createSchedule);
                                });
                            });
                        });
                });
        });
    },

    /**
     * Обновить
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    update: function (req, res) {
        if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        if (moment().isSameOrAfter(req.param('start'))) return res.badRequest('ВНИМАНИЕ! График просрочен.');
        let obj = {
            section: 'График отпусков',
            sections: 'Графики отпусков',
            name: req.param('name'),
            whomUpdated: req.session.me,
            daysSelectHoliday: req.param('daysSelectHoliday'),
            action: req.param('action'),
            period: req.param('period'),
            status: (moment().isSameOrAfter(moment(new Date(req.param('start')), ['X']))) ? 'В работе' : 'Проект',
            htmlData: req.param('htmlData'),
            start: new Date(req.param('start')),
            year: +req.param('year'),
            from: new Date(req.param('from')),
            to: new Date(req.param('to')),
            worked: moment().isSameOrAfter(moment(new Date(req.param('start')), ['X']))
        };
        ((obj.status === 'Проект') || (obj.status === 'В работе')) ? obj.countData = +req.param('countData') : '';
        User.findOne({id: obj.whomUpdated})
            .exec((err, findUser) => {
                "use strict";
                if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                if (!findUser) return res.notFound();
                Schedule.update(req.param('id'), obj)
                    .populate('whomCreated')
                    .populate('whomUpdated').exec((err, objEdit) => {
                    if (err) return res.negotiate(err);
                    findUser.save(function (err) {
                        if (err) return res.negotiate(err);
                        Schedule.find().exec((err, findsSchedule) => {
                            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                            sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'hello', {howdy: findsSchedule}, req);
                            sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'badges', {
                                badges: objEdit,
                                action: 'обновлён',
                                shortName: findUser.getShortName(),
                                fullName: findUser.getFullName(),
                                avatarUrl: findUser.avatarUrl
                            }, req);
                            res.ok();
                        });
                    });
                });
            });
    },

    /**
     * Собираем Email сотрудников для рассылки
     * уведомления о начале сбора отпусков на след. год
     * только активные учётки и только кто работает в данный момент
     *
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    ticket: function (req, res) {
        User.find({action: true, fired: false}).exec((err, usersFind) => {
            "use strict";
            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
            if (!usersFind) return res.notFound('Пользователи для получения рассылки не найдены.');
            let strEmail = '';
            if (_.isArray(usersFind) && (usersFind.length > 0)) {
                let a = [];
                _.forEach(usersFind, function (val, key) {
                    a.push(val.email);
                });
                strEmail = a.join(',');
            }
            //sails.log('Email для рассылки: ', strEmail);

            strEmail = (strEmail) ? strEmail : '';
            console.log('Создатель графика отпусков:', strEmail);

            let options = {
                to: strEmail, // Кому: можно несколько получателей указать через запятую
                subject: ' ✔ ' + obj.section + ' создал: ' + findUser.getFullName(), // Тема письма
                text: '
Уведомление. ' + obj.section + ' запущен.
', // plain text body
                html: '' +
                '
' + obj.section + '.
 ' +
                '
Вы создали ' + obj.section + ' с названием: ' + obj.name + '
' +
                '
Период сбора информации установлен:
c ' + moment(obj.from).format('llll') + '
 по ' + moment(obj.to).format('llll') + '
' +
                '
 В данный момент проект запущен.
 Статус "' + obj.status + '" изменён на "' + updated[0].status + '".
' +
                '
Начало рассылки: ' + moment(obj.start).format('DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm:ss') + '' +
                '
Окончание рассылки: ' + moment(foo).format('DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm:ss') + '
' +
                '
Рассылка сообщений сотрудникам закончена.
'
            };
            // !!! Не УДАЛЯТЬ!
            //EmailService.sender(options);
            res.send(createSchedule);
        });

    },

    /**
     * Удалить
     * @param req
     * @param res
     * @param next
     */
    destroy: function (req, res, next) {
        if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        User.findOne({id: req.session.me}).exec((err, finOneUser) => {
            "use strict";
            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
            Schedule.findOne(req.param('id'))
                .populate('vacations')
                .exec((err, finds) => {
                    "use strict";
                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                    if (!finds) return res.notFound();
                    if (finds.vacations.length > 0) return res.badRequest('График не может быть удалён, существуют зависимости. Сначала удалите все отпуска связаные с ' + req.param('year') + ' годом.  Удалить ');
                    Schedule.destroy({id: finds.id}, (err) => {
                        if (err) return next(err);
                        console.log('Отпуск удалил:', req.session.me);
                        console.log('Отпуск удалён:', finds);
                        Schedule.find()
                            .populate('vacations')
                            .exec((err, findSchedule) => {
                                if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                                sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'hello', {howdy: findSchedule}, req);
                                sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'badges', {
                                    badges: [finds],
                                    action: 'удалён',
                                    shortName: finOneUser.getShortName(),
                                    fullName: finOneUser.getFullName(),
                                    avatarUrl: finOneUser.avatarUrl
                                }, req);
                                res.ok();
                            });
                    });
                });
        });
    },

    /**
     * Обновить 'кол-во строк в таблице' пользователю
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    updateDefaultRows: function (req, res) {
        //if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        Schedule.update(req.session.me, {
                defaultRows: req.param('defaultRows')
            })
            .exec(function (err, update) {
                if (err) return res.negotiate(err);
                return res.ok(update);
            });
    },

    /**
     * Возвращает максимальный номер года
     * на который есть график отпусков
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    maxYear: function (req, res) {
        //if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        Schedule.find({sort: 'year DESC', action: true, limit: 1}).exec((err, findOne)=> {
            "use strict";
            if (err) res.serverError(err);
            res.ok(findOne[0]);

        });
    },

    /**
     * Возвращает минимальный номер года
     * на который есть график отпусков
     * @param req
     * @param res
     */
    minYear: function (req, res) {
        //if (!req.session.me) return res.view('public/header', {layout: 'homepage'});
        Schedule.find({sort: 'year', action: true, limit: 1}).exec((err, findOne)=> {
            "use strict";
            if (err) res.serverError(err);
            res.ok(findOne[0]);
        });
    },

    /**
     * Возвращает кол-во запланированных отпусков
     */
    getHolidaysToYears: function (req, res) {
        Vacation.native(function (err, collection) {
            if (err) return res.serverError(err);
            let start = new Date(moment(req.param('year'), ['YYYY']).format('YYYY-MM-DD'));
            let end = new Date(moment(req.param('year'), ['YYYY']).add(1, 'year').format('YYYY-MM-DD'));
            let y = 0;
            collection.aggregate([{$match: {$and: [{from: {$gte: start}}, {from: {$lt: end}}, {action: {$eq: true}}]}}, {
                    $group: {
                        _id: "$owner",
                        cntDs: {$sum: "$daysSelectHoliday"}
                    }
                }, {$project: {id: 1, summa: {$cond: {if: {$gte: ["$cntDs", 28]}, then: 1, else: 0}}}}])
                .toArray(function (err, results) {
                    if (err) return res.serverError(err);
                    //return results;
                    _.forEach(results, function (value, key) {
                        y += value.summa;
                    });
                    //console.log('y', y);
                    return res.send({sumDays: y});
                });
        });
    },

    /**
     * SOCKET событие hello
     * @param req
     * @param res
     * @returns {*}
     */
    hello: function (req, res) {

        /**
         * TODO SOCKET
         * Убедитьсь, что это запрос сокета, а не традиционный HTTP
         */
        if (!req.isSocket) {
            return res.badRequest();
        }
        // Попросите сокет, который сделал запрос, присоединиться к комнате «list».
        sails.sockets.join(req, 'schedule');

        // Передавать уведомление всем сокетам, которые присоединились
        // к комнате «list», за исключением нашего нового добавленного сокета:
        //sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'hello', {howdy: 'hi there!'}, req);

        /**
         * На данный момент мы отправили сообщение сокета всем сокетам, у которых есть
         * подключение к комнате «list». Но это не обязательно означает, что они
         * are _listening_. Другими словами, чтобы фактически обрабатывать сообщение сокета,
         * подключенные сокеты должны прослушивать это конкретное событие (в этом
         * case, мы передали наше сообщение с именем события «hello»).
         * клиентская сторона, которую вам нужно написать, выглядит следующим образом:
         *
         *  io.socket.on('hello', function (broadcastedData){
         *  console.log(data.howdy);
         *  // => 'hi there!'
         *  }
         */

        /**
         * Теперь, когда мы транслируем наше сообщение сокету, нам все равно нужно продолжить
         * с любой другой логикой, о которой мы должны заботиться в наших действиях, а затем отправить
         * ответ. В этом случае мы как раз завернуты, поэтому мы продолжим
         * Ответьте на запрос с помощью 200 OK.
         * Возвращенные данные - это то, что мы получили на клиенте как «данные» в:
         * `io.socket.get ('/ say / hello', функция gotResponse (data, jwRes) {/ * ... * /});`
         */
        return res.json({
            anyData: 'Вы подключились к комнате schedule и слушаете событие hello'
        });

        /**
         * TODO END SOCKET
         */
    },

    /**
     * SOCKET событие badges
     * @param req
     * @param res
     * @returns {*}
     */
    badges: function (req, res) {
        /**
         * TODO SOCKET
         * Убедитьсь, что это запрос сокета, а не традиционный HTTP
         */
        if (!req.isSocket) {
            return res.badRequest();
        }
        // Попросите сокет, который сделал запрос, присоединиться к комнате «list».
        sails.sockets.join(req, 'schedule');

        // Передавать уведомление всем сокетам, которые присоединились
        // к комнате «list», за исключением нашего нового добавленного сокета:
        //sails.sockets.broadcast('schedule', 'hello', {howdy: 'hi there!'}, req);

        /**
         * На данный момент мы отправили сообщение сокета всем сокетам, у которых есть
         * подключение к комнате «list». Но это не обязательно означает, что они
         * are _listening_. Другими словами, чтобы фактически обрабатывать сообщение сокета,
         * подключенные сокеты должны прослушивать это конкретное событие (в этом
         * case, мы передали наше сообщение с именем события «hello»).
         * клиентская сторона, которую вам нужно написать, выглядит следующим образом:
         *
         *  io.socket.on('hello', function (broadcastedData){
         *  console.log(data.howdy);
         *  // => 'hi there!'
         *  }
         */

        /**
         * Теперь, когда мы транслируем наше сообщение сокету, нам все равно нужно продолжить
         * с любой другой логикой, о которой мы должны заботиться в наших действиях, а затем отправить
         * ответ. В этом случае мы как раз завернуты, поэтому мы продолжим
         * Ответьте на запрос с помощью 200 OK.
         * Возвращенные данные - это то, что мы получили на клиенте как «данные» в:
         * `io.socket.get ('/ say / hello', функция gotResponse (data, jwRes) {/ * ... * /});`
         */
        return res.json({
            anyData: 'Вы подключились к комнате schedule и слушаете событие badges'
        });

        /**
         * TODO END SOCKET
         */
    }
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
What Is a Fair Time Frame for Insurance Claims?
By Stephen Hicks
••• Thinkstock/Comstock/Getty Images
What Are My Rights When Filing an Auto Insurance Claim?
Until your insurer handles your claim to its conclusion and makes at least a partial payment, your life can get stuck on hold. Many states have specific time frames that insurers operating there must adhere to when handling and settling claims. These laws protect consumers from unreasonable and unnecessary delays that could negatively impact their lives.
There are no universal laws that govern how long insurance claims are supposed to take. Each state makes its own laws. A single insurance company that operates in multiple states can have a different claims time frame in each state. In general, state laws require claims to be acknowledged, settled and paid within a prompt and reasonable set of time. Some states define specifically what constitutes a legal time frame while others leave it to insurers' interpretation.
When you file a claim, the insurance company must acknowledge that it received your claim by making contact with you and assigning you an adjuster. Kentucky is one state that has separate time frames depending on how you file your claim. If you do so electronically, the insurance company must acknowledge you within 48 hours. Traditional notifications, like by mail, must be acknowledged within 20 calendar days. The acknowledgment must state whether the insurer requires additional information to begin the claim.
States generally have two guidelines when it comes to settling claims. Insurance companies must either accept the claim or deny it in whole or in part, within a certain period of time. If the circumstances of the claim require longer than this time, the insurer must communicate with the customer within that initial time frame about the reasons for the delay, and must settle the claim before the extension expires. In Kansas, for example, the claim must be settled within 30 days with 45-day extensions as needed.
Once you and your insurer reach a settlement agreement, it must pay you within a final time period specified by the state. The general guideline in California is 30 days after settlement is reached. Florida places no prompt payment requirement on final replacement cost home insurance claims as of legislation dated May 2011. Some states, like South Carolina, only define this final period as a "reasonable" time. In many cases, insurers issue payment in much less time than the law allows.
Using California's legal time frames as an example, a straightforward claim with no unusual negotiations, litigation or investigation can take up to 85 days to be acknowledged, settled and paid under the law. However, many insurers pride themselves on handling claims quickly, and often claims can be closed within just a few days.
Insurance: How Quickly Must an Insurance Company Pay a Claim?; Michele Lerner; December 2010
MSN Money: How to File an Insurance Claim -- and Win; November 2009
The Palm Beach Post: Bill Lets Insurers Delay Payouts to Homeowners; Laura Green; May 2011
California Department of Insurance: Fair Claims Settlement Practices Regulations
Kansas Auto Insurance Quotes: Important Information On Filing Car Insurance Claims In Kansas
Kentucky Legislature: 304.17A-704 Insurer's Acknowledgment of Receipt of Claim
Stephen Hicks has been writing professionally since 2000. He recently published his first novel, "The Seventh Day of Christmas." He spent three years as a licensed life and property/casualty insurance agent in California. Hicks holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts in cinema studies from New York University.


Mr. Whit Lester Pettit, Jr., 94, of Marietta, passed away on Friday, October 12, 2018 at Signature Healthcare of Marietta. Funeral services are scheduled for 1:00 p.m. Tuesday, October 16, 2018 from the Sosebee Memorial Chapel. Interment will follow in the Cherokee Memorial Park Cemetery. The family is receiving friends at the funeral home on Tuesday from 11:00 a.m. until the funeral hour. Mr. Pettit was of the Methodist Faith, a U.S. Army Veteran and was retired from the accounting department at Georgia Marble. He enjoyed singing gospel music, especially as a member of his gospel group. He loved reading, vacationing at the beach and listening to classical music. Most of all, he cherished the companionship of his loving family and friends. He was preceded in death by his four sisters, Louise Caldwell, Ruth McConnel, Gladys Payne, Faye Fowler and three brothers, Hubert Pettit, Dillard Pettit and Clarence Pettit. Mr. Pettit is survived by a host of loving nieces, nephews, cousins and friends. Sosebee Funeral Home, Canton, GA, is honored to serve the family. Sosebeefuneralhome.com 770-479-2131.


text:
New Site Hopes To Fill Social Networking Needs For Kids
June 13, 2011 / 11:40 PM / CBS Sacramento
DANVILLE, Calif. (CBS13) – A new website is hoping to give kids who are too young for Facebook a social networking website of their own while keeping parents involved and in control of who they contact.
The founders of Everloop, a Danville-based website, say their social network gives kids ages 8 to 13 all of the fun of the internet while blocking out the bad.
"It's the bridging site of kids who are getting a bit too old for sites like Webkins and Club Penguin but aren't quite ready to go right into the world of Facebook or MySpace or Twitter," said co-founder and CEO Hilary DeCesare.
The concept for the site started with DeCesare's own children, including 13-year-old Dani, who is also the company's "spokesteen."
"When there isn't an alternate solution, kids are going to be resourceful and try to get on something they want, and social media are what their lives are about," Dani said.
The site's safety protocols prevent strangers from getting on Everloop, and algorithms block bad language even as it's being typed. Most importantly, parents must approve their children's friends, DeCesare said.
"This is about giving parents the tools they need with these digital citizens," Hilary said.
Everloop launched its beta site in February, but is now has open registration and is already gaining popularity.
First published on June 13, 2011 / 11:40 PM


The automaker will give gift cards, dealership credit and three years of roadside assistance to customers affected by the emissions scandal.
Who wouldn't like a $500 Visa gift card?
The rebuilding process, such as it is, has begun for Volkswagen.
In the wake of intense negative publicity stemming from its installation of emissions test-cheating software in hundreds of thousands of cars, Volkswagen is making nice with its customers.
Volkswagen will issue the gift cards, along with another $500 in dealership credit, to nearly 500,000 Volkswagen diesel car owners. The company also is offering three years of roadside assistance.
By accepting the Visa gift card and the dealer credit, Volkswagen owners don't give up the right to pursue legal action—this is a purely humanitarian effort.
No word yet on whether—or how—the company plans to atone for the damage their deceptive cars have caused the environment.


why. am I not any getting y - dna match notifications any more??
it seems that in the last couple of months I have stopped getting a notification when I log into my account that I have new matches.. I can still access the Y DNA Matches page but the auto notification has stopped. Any ideas?


Awesome. This was actually one I was going to post in the near future!
Assault on Precinct 13 (1976) - Nancy Loomis (both beginning and end credits).
Thanks Merrik, the other titles are somewhat rare. Tomorrow I'll do some research on those films.
As far as I can see now. Not in Front of the Children, Twilight Zone and Going to Pieces: The Rise and Fall of the Slasher Film are released on DVD. Lady Boss and The Sea Gypsies are available on VHS only, at least for now.
I just verified her credit in The Twilight Zone. I could have a look on the DVD.
I also found a streaming video of Halloween: The Shape of Horror (2006): http://vimeo.com/1190206.
Furthermore, I could see the German DVD of Going to Pieces: The Rise and Fall of the Slasher Film (2006). Nancy Loomis/Kyes isn't credited at all in this documentary. There are some clips of Halloween that shows her, but uncredited.
Does no one own the DVD of Not in Front of the Children (1982)?
Not in Front of the Children isn't in the system though, so for the purposes of DVDProfiler, it doesn't matter whether or not she's credited in either form. When and if it got added, that would be a different story. We can only find the most commonly credited form with the profiles in the system, because how are we supposed to verify titles that aren't?
As of right now, for our purposes, her common name appears to safely be Nancy Loomis (with the other stuff obviously being IMDB cloned). If and when the other stuff she's appeared in, ever gets released on DVD or added to the system, yeah, that could change and stuff in the system would have to be changed, but the same can be said about any actor, and I don't like playing the wait and see game.
At least this is the way I've always understood it.
Thanks for your reply and I agree with it 100%.
Halloween: The Shape of Horror (2006) should be left out, because it's a short documentary. It's unlikely that it will ever get an 'own' DVD release, more as an extra feature.
So, for now it's Nancy Loomis (4 to 3).
The dvd was released in the UK.
I swore at one point Keys was winning, since I locked all my profiles to Loomis feeling it would be correct. Must've been another thread.


text:
France / Paris Travel Guide / Flights, Train & Cruise
Flights, Train & Cruise
Paris is served by two international airports - for more information, including arrival/departure times, check the official sites.
Charles de Gaulle International Airport (Roissy)
North of Paris, CDG is the main airport of the city. The airport is connected to the city by train, bus and taxi.
Orly International Airport
Orly,, this older international airport is southwest of the city and is used mainly by Air France for domestic departures, and international departures by European carriers. It consists of two terminals: Terminal Sud (south) and Terminal Ouest (west) connected by light rail. The airport is connected with Paris by bus and rail.
Orly is roughly 40 min from Paris via the OrlyBus, which departs from Métro Denfert-Rochereau (line 6); the price is €7.20 (2013). There are buses every 10 minutes from the Orly Sud (Platform 4) and it stops at Orly Ouest on its way to the city. Tickets can be bought at a counter near the baggage claim area or directly at the counter in Platform 4. The tickets need to be validated once on the bus. Another option is tramway T7 that takes you to the Métro Villejuif - Louis Aragon (Metro 7) in 30 min, but it stops on the way and is designed for commuters and not for travellers. Tramway T7 costs a single T+ (metro/bus/tram) ticket (€2 if bought on board the bus) and runs every 10 min, stopping at airport level -1. Passes covering zones 1-4 are accepted, excepted the day pass "Mobilis" on the Orlybus.
Via rail the airport can be reached by a southern branch of the RER-B line that heads from Paris in the direction of Saint-Rémy-les-Chevreuse (not Robinson). At Antony station RER-B line connects with the Orlyval light rail that carries passengers to both terminals of the airport. Orlyval runs every 4-7 min and costs €11.30 (2013) for transfer to Paris, including connections to central area metro stations. The RER B from Antony runs through Paris to Aéroport Charles de Gaulle. The airport can be also reached by RER-C trains heading from Paris to Massy or Pont de Rungis. From Pont de Rungis-Aéroport d'Orly station passengers get to the airport within 10 minutes by a shuttle bus. The travel from Paris downtown to the airport by RER-C and the shuttle costs €6.60 (2013).
Beauvais (Aéroport de Beauvais Tillé)
Beauvais,, a distance north of the city, is a smaller regional airport that is used by some low-cost carriers such as Ryanair and WizzAir. Like many small airports there is a cartel in operation in the form of the airport operated shuttle service connecting with the Métro at Porte Maillot station. Buses run even during the small hours of the morning (06:00). Buses leave 20 min after each flight arrives, and a few hours before each flight departs. Exact times can be found on the Beauvais Airport website. The journey will take about an hour in good traffic conditions, and costs €16 each way, there is no reduced price for children over the age of 2 years. Unless you hire a car this is the most realistic way to head toward Paris, hence why the airport charge the price they do. The alternative is a train service between Gare du Nord and Beauvais, and a connecting shuttle or taxi to the airport. This journey costs more and takes longer. Missing the shuttle bus could mean a taxi fare well over €100.
Airline Shuttles
In addition to public transport, Air France operates shuttles between Charles de Gaulle and Paris (€17), Orly and Paris (€12) and between the two airports (€20). Discounts apply for young/group travellers and online bookers. Note that if you have connecting Air France flights that land and depart from different airports, you would still generally need to fetch your luggage after landing, catch either the Air France shuttle or a taxi (readily available at all airports) to the other airport and check-in again. This altogether could take up to 2 hours, particularly if traffic is at its worst. It is also common to lose time during disembarking, as passengers often need to get off on the tarmac and get on buses which will take them to the terminal. Be sure you have sufficient time between flights to catch your connection. Check-in counters usually close 30 min before the flight departs, longer if flights are international.
If you want to take RER B to catch an early flight, make sure you bring enough change, because you can only buy tickets at the coins-only machines before the counter opens.
If you arrive to CDG Airport at night you'll need a Noctilien bus to get to the city centre. The bus stops at all three terminals (in terminal 2F it will be the second level in the departure section, difficult to find, but it really exists). The bus leaves every 30 min after 12:30 (see timetable ). The buses you'll need are N140 and N143; the price is 4 T+ tickets (€8 if bought on board).
Paris is well connected to the rest of Europe by train. There is no central station serving Paris and the six different stations are not connected to each other. You will probably want to know in advance at which station your train is arriving, so as to better choose a hotel and plan for transport within the city.
Gare du Nord, (10th), Métro: Gare du Nord - TGV trains to and from Belgium, the Netherlands, and Cologne, Germany (Thalys), and the United Kingdom (Eurostar) and regular trains from Northern Europe.
Gare d'Austerlitz, (13th), Métro: Gare d'Austerlitz - regular trains to and from the center and southwest of France (Orléans, Limoges, Toulouse the long way), Spain and Portugal and arrival of majority of the night trains.
Gare de l'Est, (10th), Métro: Gare de l'Est - ICE/TGV to and from Luxembourg, and Saarbrücken, Kaiserslautern, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, and Munich in Germany.
Gare de Lyon, (12th), Métro: Gare de Lyon - regular and TGV trains to and from Southern and eastern France: French Alps, Marseille, Lyon, Dijon, Switzerland: Basel, Geneva, Lausanne, Bern, Zurich and Italy, overnight trains from and to Italy.
Gare de Bercy, (12th), Métro: Bercy. Regular trains to Auvergne.
Gare St Lazare, (8th) Métro: St-Lazare - trains to and from Basse-Normandie, Haute-Normandie.
Gare Montparnasse, (15th), Métro: Montparnasse-Bienvenüe - TGV and regular trains to and from the west and south-west of France (Brest, Rennes, Nantes, Bordeaux, Toulouse the fastest way and Spain). Gare Vaugirard is an extension of Gare Montparnasse.
The SNCF (French national railway authority) operates practically all trains within France excluding the Eurostar to St Pancras, London, t he Thalys to Brussels and onward to the Netherlands and Germany, and some low-cost services such as iDTGV and Ouigo (although they are owned by the SNCF, they are considered as different rail companies). There are also a few local lines of high touristic interest which are privately owned. All SNCF, Eurostar and Thalys tickets can be bought in railway stations, city offices and travel agencies (no surcharge). SNCF sells tickets online on its website. You will need the card (with chips only) used to pay the tickets to retrieve the actual tickets in any SNCF station. You can also find tickets in online and physical travel agencies (Capitaine Train, Carrefour Voyages, Sélectour). You can book and buy tickets up to three months in advance. There are significant discounts if you book weeks ahead. Reduced ticket prices are different for each day and each train and can be used only on the train the reservation is for. Surprisingly, round trip tickets (aller-retour) with a stay over Saturday night can be cheaper than a single one-way ticket (aller simple).
Trains between Paris and south Germany (Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Munich) as well as the Marseille-Frankfurt TGV are jointly operated by SNCF and Deutsche Bahn, but each of the two operators will sell tickets at its own price! Make sure to check the price offered by each operator before you buy, or use Capitaine Train since they automatically compare SNCF and DB prices.
There are a number of different kinds of high-speed and normal trains:
TER: The regional trains (Train Express Régional); cheapest tickets, though prices are variable on the time of day of departure (and the day of departure as well). TER are sometimes slower, stopping at almost all stations. TER tickets bought at the train station are valid two months from the date indicated on the ticket, as long as you travel in the right fare period ("période bleue", the cheapest, "période blanche", for high-demand hours). There is no seat reservation, so arrive early enough or you may have to travel without a seat.
Intercités: A bundling of the former Intercités, Téoz, and Lunéa train categories. There are two kinds: the regular trains, which are priced the same as the TER and the trains you'll find yourself on if you have a Eurail or InterRail pass and don't want to pay extra for reservations, and the trains à réservation obligatoire, which require a reservation and are priced differently from the regular Intercités trains.
TGV: The world-famous French high-speed trains (Trains à Grande Vitesse) run very frequently to the southeast Nice(5-6 hr), Marseille (3 hr) and Avignon (2.5 hr), the east Geneva (3hr) or Lausanne, Switzerland and Dijon (1 hr 15 min), the southwest Bordeaux (3 hr), the west Rennes (2 hr) and the north Lille (1 hr). Eurostar to London (2hr 15 min) and Thalys to Brussels (1 hr 20 min) use almost identical trains. Reservations are obligatory.
ICE: Germans high-speed trains, operating most services between Paris and Frankfurt.
Thalys A high-speed train service running daily to/from the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. It can be a bit expensive compared to normal trains, but cheap enough if you buy in advance.
Intercity: Intercity trains leave for all parts of Europe, including overnight trains to San Sebastian in Spain, Porto and Lisbon in Portugal.
Eurostar: The Eurostar service connects Paris with London St. Pancras directly and Brussels indirectly, as well many other destinations indirectly through the various west European rail services. Travel time between Paris Gare du Nord and London St Pancras International currently averages at 2hr 15 min, following the opening of a new rail link in late 2007. Eurail and InterRail passes are not valid for this train, though pass holders can benefit from a reduced price. You must arrive at the station 30 minutes before the departure of the train to complete security and passport controls.
Night Line (CNL): Overnight trains by the German operator DB which have sleeping berths in addition to the regular coach cars. These are not particularly speedy; they are designed to arrive at their destinations at a reasonable morning hour. While the trains themselves are covered by the rail passes, the sleeping accommodation supplements are not, and need to be booked separately, but what you get is a moving bed which transports you to another city, saving on hotel bills in the process. Paris has 3 departures nightly, all from the Gare de l'Est - to Munich (with continuing service to Innsbruck), Berlin and Hamburg.
Thello: night trains between Paris and Roma, and Paris and Venice (both with intermediate stops).
Transfer between Train Stations
EurolinesA transEuropean bus company that offers trips to and from Paris. Generally offers prices significantly cheaper than the train at the cost of much longer journeys. The Parisian office is located at Bagnolet, adjacent to the Gallieni metro station.
MegabusA British low-cost bus company that offers routes to and from Paris from throughout the UK, Amsterdam, and Brussels. Seats start at 1.00. Their pick-up and drop-off location is in the parking lot of the airport coach buses at Port Maillot.
iDBUSA subsidiary of the SNCF, offering routes between Paris and London, Brussels, Amsterdam, Milan, Turin.
Several autoroutes (expressway, motorway) link Paris with the rest of France: A1 and A3 to the north, A5 and A6 to the south, A4 to the east and A13 and A10 to the west. Not surprisingly, traffic jams are significantly worse during French school holidays.
The multi-lane highway around Paris, called the Périphérique (BP), is probably preferable to driving through the center. Another beltway nearing completion; L'A86 (also A186 and A286) loops around Paris about 10 km further out from the Périphérique. A third, incomplete beltway is much further out and called La Francilienne (N104).
It is advised not to drive in the Paris Metro Area. It is better to drive to a suburban train station with a parking lot and then use the train to continue your trip throughout Paris. Most of Paris' roads were created long before the invention of automobiles. Traffic inside the city tends to be heavy, especially at rush hour; driving, however, may be rather easy and efficient in the evening. Parking is also difficult. Furthermore, the medieval nature of parts of the city's street system makes it very confusing, and traffic will almost never allow one to stop or slow down to get one's bearings. If you are unfamiliar with the streets and still insist on driving in the city, make sure you have a navigator in the passenger seat with you.
source: Wikivoyage
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Including L'Univers Tours Private Tours, Comptoir des catacombes and Parc Montsouris conveniently placed nearby the two star hotel, Le Myosotis; this hotel is wonderfully...
Americas Best Value Inn-Tillmans Corner/Mobile
This hotel has 2 floor(s) for the enjoyment of their guests. With 86 deluxe room(s), this resort makes certain that each visitor is well cared for. Providing tours/ticket...
Résidence Alma Marceau
Located in Paris, Résidence Alma Marceau is a luxury hotel conveniently found nearby Creed, Le Bar at Four Seasons Hotel George V Paris and The Four Seasons (Les Quatre S...
$ 481 - $ 1,914
Résidence NELL
Spotted within Paris, Résidence NELL is a premium hotel comfortably positioned nearby B.58 Lounge, A la Mere de Famille and Passage Verdeau. Other prominent tourist attra...
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text:
package de.heikoseeberger.akkahttpplayjson

import akka.http.scaladsl.marshalling.{ Marshaller, ToEntityMarshaller }
import akka.http.scaladsl.model.{ HttpCharsets, MediaTypes }
import akka.http.scaladsl.unmarshalling.{ FromEntityUnmarshaller, Unmarshaller }
import play.api.libs.json.{ JsResultException, JsValue, Json, Reads, Writes }

/**
 * Automatic to and from JSON marshalling/unmarshalling using an in-scope *play-json* protocol.
 */
object PlayJsonSupport extends PlayJsonSupport

/**
 * Automatic to and from JSON marshalling/unmarshalling using an in-scope *play-json* protocol.
 */
trait PlayJsonSupport {

  implicit def playJsonUnmarshallerConverter[A](reads: Reads[A]): FromEntityUnmarshaller[A] =
    playJsonUnmarshaller(reads)

  /**
   * HTTP entity => `A`
   *
   * @param reads reader for `A`
   * @tparam A type to decode
   * @return unmarshaller for `A`
   */
  implicit def playJsonUnmarshaller[A](implicit reads: Reads[A]): FromEntityUnmarshaller[A] = {
    def read(json: JsValue) = reads.reads(json).recoverTotal(error => throw JsResultException(error.errors))
    playJsValueUnmarshaller.map(read)
  }

  /**
   * HTTP entity => JSON
   *
   * @return unmarshaller for Play Json
   */
  implicit def playJsValueUnmarshaller: FromEntityUnmarshaller[JsValue] =
    Unmarshaller
      .byteStringUnmarshaller
      .forContentTypes(MediaTypes.`application/json`)
      .mapWithCharset { (data, charset) =>
        val input = if (charset == HttpCharsets.`UTF-8`) data.utf8String else data.decodeString(charset.nioCharset.name)
        Json.parse(input)
      }

  implicit def playJsonMarshallerConverter[A](writes: Writes[A])(implicit printer: JsValue => String = Json.prettyPrint): ToEntityMarshaller[A] =
    playJsonMarshaller[A](writes, printer)

  /**
   * `A` => HTTP entity
   *
   * @param writes writer for `A`
   * @param printer pretty printer function
   * @tparam A type to encode
   * @return marshaller for any `A` value
   */
  implicit def playJsonMarshaller[A](implicit writes: Writes[A], printer: JsValue => String = Json.prettyPrint): ToEntityMarshaller[A] =
    playJsValueMarshaller.compose(writes.writes)

  /**
   * JSON => HTTP entity
   *
   * @param printer pretty printer function
   * @return marshaller for any Json value
   */
  implicit def playJsValueMarshaller(implicit printer: JsValue => String = Json.prettyPrint): ToEntityMarshaller[JsValue] =
    Marshaller.StringMarshaller.wrap(MediaTypes.`application/json`)(printer)
}


text:
School note June 14th
Monday June 11th. will long be remembered by the school community as we welcomed the Special Olympic Torch to Ballybrown NS. We were delighted that so many local Special Olympic athletes attended as did athletes from West Limerick and Lisnagry. The City of Limerick Pipe Band led the procession from the Church to the school as the children from Little Steps waved their flags and torches. I am grateful to sports stars Declan Hannon, Paudie O Connor and Ciara Griffin who all gave so generously of their time to attend. The entire staff of the school worked tirelessly to ensure the day was a success as did the children whose behaviour was impeccable. We are indebted to the members of the Community Council and an Garda Síochána who helped to ensure that everything ran smoothly.
The school's under 13 hurling team represented Limerick City in the Limerick Leader Cup yesterday. Victory over West champions Mahoonagh NS in the semi final saw Ballybrown NS meet holders Doon CBS in the final. Doon retained their title by 2-6 to 1-3. 2018 was a great year for our hurling team, winning the Olo Cup for a 7th time. The team play in the Mayor's Cup today in the Gaelic Grounds.
Yesterday was a day tinged with sadness as Mr Lordan took charge of a school team for the penultimate time. Barry has decided to retire from his teaching post after almost 37 years in this school. His retirement leaves a void, not just in the sporting arena but in so many aspects of school life. Ballybrown NS is losing a devoted and dedicated teacher who has always put the welfare of his pupils first.
Yesterday, 30 students of Ballybrown N.S. visited the 'Ardnacrusha Experience' at the newly refurbished visitors' centre. The Ardnacrusha Experience tells the story of the power of electricity and its transformative impact on Irish life.
Next week is Active Week and Ms Gibbons has planned a full programme of events. Please see overleaf for the schedule of events.
Fógra: Homework Club finishes today and will resume in September.
BALLYBROWN/CLARINA COMMUNITY GAMES :Training for all children that qualified from our recent sports evening to represent Ballybrown/Clarina in the Limerick finals will be held in Ballybrown NS next Tuesday 19th June from 3-4pm. We would like if all children could attend.
Limerick finals are on Saturday 23rd and Sunday 24th of June in Mungret GAA Pitch, we would hope to have the timetable of events next week. Please check out our Facebook page for further details.
https://www.facebook.com/ballybrownclarinacommunitygames/
Le dea-ghuí,