text:
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Copyright 2013 Esri
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

define([
        "dojo/_base/declare",
        "dojo/text!./template/CheckoutWidgetTemplate.html",
        "dojo/_base/lang",
        "dojo/topic",
        "dijit/_WidgetBase",
        "dijit/_TemplatedMixin",
        "dojo/_base/window",
        "dojo/dom-attr",
        "dojo/dom-construct",
        "dojo/Deferred",
        "dijit/form/TextBox",
        "./model/ModelSupport",
        "../BaseResultCreation",
        "./base/Reporting/ReportingWidget",
        "./base/Webmap/PortalPublisherWidget",
        "./base/CsvExport/CsvExportWidget",
        "./base/Download/ImageryDownloadWidget"
    ],
    function (declare, template, lang, topic, _WidgetBase, _TemplatedMixin, window, domAttr, domConstruct, Deferred, TextBox, ModelSupport, BaseResultCreation, ReportingWidget, PortalPublisherWidget, CsvExportWidget, ImageryDownloadWidget) {
        return declare([_WidgetBase, _TemplatedMixin, BaseResultCreation, ModelSupport], {

            blockThumbHover: true,
            webmapConfiguration: null,
            map: null,
            downloadEnabled: true,
            reportingConfiguration: {},
            templateString: template,
            confirmationLabel: "Confirmation",
            constructor: function (params) {
                lang.mixin(this, params || {});
                this.confirmationLabel = this.nls.confirmation;

            },
            postCreate: function () {
                this.inherited(arguments);
                this._underlay = domConstruct.create("div", {className: "cartCheckoutStatusModalUnderlay hidden"});
                domConstruct.place(this._underlay, window.body());
                this._createProgressBar();
                this._createReportingWidget();
                if (!this.webmapConfiguration.disabled) {
                    this._createWebmapWidget();
                }
                else {
                    this.disableWebmapFunctionality();
                }
                if (this.csvExportEnabled) {
                    this._createCsvExportWidget();
                }
                else{
                    this.disableCSVExportFunctionality();
                }
                this._createDownloadWidget();
                this.on("downloadImageRequest", lang.hitch(this, this.handleDownloadImageryRequest));
            },
            _createDownloadWidget: function () {
                this.downloadWidget = new ImageryDownloadWidget({
                    nls: this.nls
                });
                this.downloadWidget.placeAt(this.downloadWidgetContainer);
            },
            _createCsvExportWidget: function () {
                this.csvExportWidget = new CsvExportWidget({
                    nls: this.nls
                });
                this.csvExportWidget.placeAt(this.csvExportWidgetContainer);
            },
            _createWebmapWidget: function () {

                var params = {
                    nls: this.nls,
                    map: this.map,
                    webmapConfiguration: this.webmapConfiguration

                };
                if (this.portalUrl) {
                    params.portalUrl = this.portalUrl;
                }
                this.webmapWidget = new PortalPublisherWidget(params);
                this.webmapWidget.placeAt(this.webmapWidgetContainer);
            },
            _createReportingWidget: function () {
                this.reportingWidget = new ReportingWidget({
                    nls: this.nls,
                    map: this.map,
                    reportingConfiguration: this.reportingConfiguration
                });
                this.reportingWidget.placeAt(this.reportingWidgetContainer);
            },
            clear: function () {
                this.inherited(arguments);
                domConstruct.empty(this.cartItemsCheckoutMessageContainer);
                this.closeCurrentResultPopup();
            },
            getOrderName: function () {
            },
            /**
             * displays the checkout status widget
             */
            show: function () {
                domAttr.set(this.checkoutWidgetHeaderText, "innerHTML", this.nls.goToCart);
                this._showNode(this._underlay);
                this._showNode(this.domNode);
                if (!this.webmapWidget && this.csvExportWidget) {
                    this.showCSVExportTab();
                }
                if (this.csvExportWidget) {
                    this.csvExportWidget.generateExportLinks();
                }
                this.hideMessageContainer();
            },
            /**
             * hides the checkout status widget
             */
            hide: function () {
                this._hideNode(this._underlay);
                this._hideNode(this.domNode);
                domConstruct.empty(this.cartItemsCheckoutMessageContainer);
                this.closeCurrentResultPopup();
                this.clearTooltipCache();
                this.clear();
            },
            /**
             * starts the checkout view
             */
            handleStartCheckout: function (archiveEntries) {
                this.currentCheckoutDeferred = new Deferred();
                if (this.downloadWidget) {
                    this.downloadWidget.clearDownloadList();
                }
                this.show();
                this._hideNode(this.checkoutStatusCloseButton);
                domConstruct.empty(this.orderItemsContainer);
                this.totalItemsInCartCount = this._buildOrderView(archiveEntries);
                this.setTotalItems(this.totalItemsInCartCount);
                return this.currentCheckoutDeferred;
            },
            _buildOrderView: function (archiveItems) {
                return this._createArchiveItems(archiveItems);
            },
            _createArchiveItems: function (archiveItems) {
                if (!archiveItems || !archiveItems.length) {
                    return 0;
                }
                var feature, archiveItem, i, currentFeatureService, hasDownloadItem = false;
                for (i = 0; i < archiveItems.length; i++) {
                    feature = archiveItems[i];
                    currentFeatureService = feature[this.COMMON_FIELDS.SERVICE_FIELD];
                    if (currentFeatureService.downloadEnabled) {
                        hasDownloadItem = true;
                    }
                    archiveItem = this._createArchiveItem(feature);
                    domConstruct.place(archiveItem, this.orderItemsContainer);
                }
                hasDownloadItem ? this.enableDownload() : this.disableDownload();
                return archiveItems.length;
            },
            removeItemFromCart: function (feature, element) {
                this.inherited(arguments);
                this.totalItemsInCartCount--;
                //todo update this for download and order items
                this.setTotalItems(this.totalItemsInCartCount);
                this.downloadWidget.clearDownloadList();
                if (!this.totalItemsInCartCount) {
                    this.hide();
                }
                topic.publish("discovery:getDownloadableCartItems", lang.hitch(this, function (items) {
                    if (!items || !items.length) {
                        this.disableDownload();
                    }
                }));
                if (this.webmapWidget) {
                    this.webmapWidget.showInputsContent();
                }
                if (this.csvExportWidget) {
                    this.csvExportWidget.generateExportLinks();
                }
            },
            setTotalItems: function (orderItemCount) {
                domAttr.set(this.totalOrderItemsElement, "innerHTML", orderItemCount + "");
                if (!orderItemCount) {
                    this.hide();
                }
            },
            //hide tabs
            submitCheckout: function (def) {
                this.showMessageContainer();
                this.hideRemoveFromCartIcons();
                if (this.currentCheckoutDeferred) {
                    this._showNode(this.progressBarOuterContainer);
                    this.currentCheckoutDeferred.resolve();
                    this.currentCheckoutDeferred = null;
                }
            },
            cancelCheckout: function (def) {
                if (this.currentCheckoutDeferred) {
                    this.currentCheckoutDeferred.reject();
                    this.currentCheckoutDeferred = null;
                }
                this.hide();
            },
            /**
             * displays the checkout complete view
             */
            setCheckoutComplete: function () {
                this._hideNode(this.progressBarOuterContainer);
                this.showCheckoutCompleteButton();
                domAttr.set(this.checkoutWidgetHeaderText, "innerHTML", this.confirmationLabel);
            },
            handleDownloadImageryRequest: function (feature) {
                if (!feature) {
                    return;
                }
                this.showDownloadTab();
                this.downloadWidget.populateDownloadLinks([feature]);
            }
        });
    });


text:
It's been a blast!
In: Commentary, Norm Tollinsky
Sudbury Mining Solutions Journal
In the very first issue of Sudbury Mining Solutions Journal dated March 1, 2004, I wrote that we would "focus on the technology and innovation that result from the depth of expertise" in the mining community of Northern Ontario. Our sole purpose, I said, was to "reach out to the rest of the world… to share our expertise, and accelerate the success of Northern Ontario suppliers in the global mining marketplace."
As I embark on the next chapter of my life (some would call it retirement), I can't help observing that we have made significant progress toward that goal especially when I see companies like Hard Line Solutions, Symboticware, Maestro Digital Mine, RDH, ACR Fuller, Ionic Engineering, Nordic Minesteel, Northern Survey Supply, Wipware and many others selling their products and solutions globally.
Though born and raised in Montreal, Northern Ontario has been an important part of my life, having served as editor of the Manitoulin Expositor, Northern Life, Northern Ontario Business, the Northern Ontario Medical Journal and Sudbury Mining Solutions Journal for a total of 30 years. Having lived through some of the darkest periods of Sudbury's history when lengthy strikes, vacant storefronts and fears of not being able to make payroll haunted the city, I always took pride in reporting on every accomplishment of the region's mining suppliers. As I wrote 16 years ago, "adversity toughens us. It makes us work harder. It unleashes our creativity."
Our very first issue in 2004 had cover stories on NORCAT's space drill vying for a spot on a Mars mission and De Beers' plans for the Victor diamond mine in the James Bay Lowlands. Dale Boucher, who was featured on our cover, is now president of Deltion Innovations and still hard at work on space exploration. The Victor Mine, which began production in July 2008, has mined more than seven million carats and is set to close this quarter. That first issue also featured stories on the North Bay chamber spearheading a trade mission to Chile, MIRARCO's virtual reality lab, explosives authority Tom Palangio and R.A. Warren Equipment of North Bay, the Discover Abitibi research program in the Timmins area, and Sudbury area suppliers Novenco, RDH and Bestech.
I'm handing over the reins of Sudbury Mining Solutions Journal to Len Gillis, a veteran print and broadcast journalist and a Northerner, who, unlike me, knows the industry intimately, having worked as a hard rock miner at the Kidd Mine in Timmins between 1980 and 1984. SMSJ will be in good hands. As I take my leave, I look forward to helping Len over the next few months get integrated into this phenomenal cluster of international enterprise which has been leading Northern Ontario in the transition from mining ore to the development and sale of innovative mining solutions.
Thank you Mike Atkins for giving me this opportunity, thank you Dave Robinson for talking Mike into starting SMSJ and, most of all, thanks to you, our readers and advertisers, for your support through the years.
I don't know if journalists ever retire completely, so don't be surprised if you see my byline from time to time.
The ascendancy of brainpower
A globally significant mining cluster doesn't just materialize at the snap of one's fingers. Like good wine, it takes time...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Double Decker structure was designed by Liri Tent in 2012; it created a brand new market in the Chinese structure industry.
The Double Decker originally came from Germany, but now our engineer has designed and produced it in China. The product has a good reputation in both China and around the world.
The double decker frame is also made from a modular system like traditional clear span structure. The length can be extended by 5m bay section without a limit and it is the same as the normal structures. The normal structures have many optional accessories to make it multi-functional. These options include clear roof or wall, stakes, weight plates, silk lining, glass/ABS hard wall and door system, sandwich panel wall, steel panel wall, sliding door, rolling shutter, flooring and guttering system, round ends, front view balcony, stairs, and one bay out the entrance.
Liri Tent double decker is always strong and durable with its 100km/h wind speed resistance. The tents special design for ADDS with curved beams and roof bar tensioning system which helps it to resist higher wind speed and snow loading capacity.
Normally, the double-decker tent has no poles in the interior of the structure which makes it more spacious than another pole tent or steel tent designs. This structure helps it become a place of high class for sports events like golf, horse racing, car racing, and so on.


Cold shoulder aesthetic is here to stay, just with some new variations. One-shoulder tops are the new off-the-shoulder tops this season. We all know that off-shoulder trend is supersaturated last year, but based on the S/S 17 runway, one-shoulder tops start dominating the fashion world.
You can still be classy while showing a little shoulder action. As the warmer weather sweeps in, you will start to see this trend pick up a bit more. There are many ways to style a one-shoulder top. For this look, I paired it with some loose white pants. You can definitely style it with jeans or skirts. Hope you guys try out one-shoulder trend this summer!


Funny Video on the Importance of Teamwork This short funny video shows the importance of teamwork which is essential for delivering successful projects.
Infographic 5 Steps to Creating a Winning Team Last week I came across a fantastic infographic by LiquidPlanner.com on the 5 steps to create a winning team Click on the image below to go to LiquidPlanner.com to view a full size version of the infographic.
The Science of Productivity A great video on how to become more efficient at working, and spend less time working overall.


text:
Hire the Theatre
Working for the Theatre
To encourage new, fresh and emerging talent and to provide creative, innovative and interesting theatre and arts entertainment to the people of Braintree and beyond.
Opened in 2011 Braintree Arts Theatre has grown from strength to strength. We are based in the grounds of Notley High School and Braintree Sixth Form and are owned and funded by the North Essex Multi Academy Trust.
Our auditorium can hold 300 people seated or 400 standing. We have regular shows averaging about 2 per week including all genre's from Live Music to Shakespeare and everything in between.
Keep up to date on our always evolving programme of events. Enter your e-mail and subscribe to our newsletter.
Braintree Arts Theatre
Notley Road
Braintree, Essex
CM7 1WY
enquiries@braintreeartstheatre.com
© Copyright Braintree Arts Theatre. All Rights Reserved. Braintree Arts Theatre is operated by Notley High School & Braintree Sixth Form, an academy within the North Essex Multi-Academy Trust and a company limited by guarantee registered in England & Wales (company number 7687474).


text:
Q: Зацикливается код на выполнение алгоритма Зацикливаться мой код, который переводит число из десятичной системы счисления в двоичную
   def decimal_binary(n: int, *, precision: int = 32) - list[int]:
    arr = [0] *  precision
    i = 0
    while n:
        arr[i] = n % 2
        n //= 2
        i += 1
    return arr[i - 1 :: -1]

decimal_binary(-256)

A: Для отрицательных чисел нужно писать свою обработку, потому как
-1//2 == -1

Но вопрос, что вы хотите получить? Какое представление для, скажем, -5? Если что-то типа -101, то проще всего запомнить знак, получить значение по модулю, его бинарное представление и вернуть знак на место. Если же что-то типа 11111111111111111111111111111011 — то это уже совсем другой вопрос...

A: Ваш код действительно зацикливаться на отрицательных числах, т. к. в цикле while n число n не будет равно 0.
a = -1 // 2
print(a)

Оператор // -> math.floor(a / b)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


When taking out a debt consolidation loan means extending your repayment term, think about how you will afford these payments in the long run. They will not be tied to a loan for too long and have a clear plan for their repayments. However, it may not be an advantage in the long run. Ensure that you can maintain payments for the duration of the loan.
Riskbased prices offer significantly lower interest for lower loans, so increasing capital ratios help many of these borrower who want to change their mortgages. Restructuring the real estate would give the real estate long-term added value and was therefore considered an appropriate level of attrition. Loans were shifted away from those who wanted to withdraw capital from their houses after the financial crunch.
Do you think the consolidation of your debt is a good long-term option?
We have all listened to the tempting daily television talk about the advantages of debt consolidation: low-budget advertising with a man in the mid-1940s with an timid term. Especially when you are beginning to worry, debt consolidators come kindly to adress your pecuniary worries by consolidating your invoices and loan into one straightforward payback.
is that debt consolidation isn't quite as easy as the phone overt authoritarian sounds make it sound. What's more, it's not as easy as it sounds. Often, those who choose a recurring payment on a recurring basis do so as a last resort to prevent insolvency. In general, those who have opted for consolidation have fought a long and arduous struggle with their believers.
The majority of consolidation arrangements are automatic in reducing short-term debt by 50 percent. That is a less well known fact of debt consolidation. These rules, however, do not cover other refunds such as car refunds, payment card refunds and invoices. There are many who believe that the decision to consolidate debt is like a delay. Otherwise you run the danger of becoming nervous and accepting the first quotation that comes your way.
Debt consolidation, however, is not without its problems. Though there are exemptions from this general principle, the vast majority of banks provide this service only to those who have home capital. For those who do not have these own resources, it may be hard to safeguard the arrangement because of a shortage of concrete guarantees.
Maybe the biggest traps of all; those who use their home as capital for debt consolidation run the full risk to lose it if they cannot afford the necessary refunds. Although it does offer an instant redemption from bondholders, debt consolidation can be hazardous for those who have trouble administering cash.
Given so much confidence in your prospective debt recoveries when it comes to debt consolidation, it is essential that the arrangement is seen as the first stage in a long period of change in your spending patterns, not as a workaround.


The purpose of the data processing is: to perform marketing activities (to inform about new products/services, discounts and other marketing offers).
Personal data are processed based on: volunteer consent of the data subject in accordance with Section 13(1)(a) of the Act and Article 6(1)(a) of the Regulation.
Data subjects whose personal data are processed include: customers/clients, potential customers.
The scope of the personal data processed: academic title, name, surname, e-mail address, telephone number, address.
The data subject provides his/her personal data voluntary, based on consent (the provision is not a legitimate/contracting requirement); in case of non-provision, the data subject will not be informed about new products/services, discounts or any other marketing activities.


Welcome to The Little Farm Preschool of Maple Valley!
working in the garden and taking care of the animals.
"For children, play is serious learning. Play is really the work of childhood."
We believe that the preschool years are an enchanted time in a child's life where imagination and creativity should be cherished.
We are an outdoor preschool for children from 3 to 5 years of age.
We believe that children thrive when they are given many opportunities to go outside, get dirty and have adventures.
Studies have shown that simply having contact with dirt, whether it's through gardening, digging holes, or making pies out of mud, can significantly improve a child's mood and reduce their anxiety and stress. Who knew, right?
"The act of creating for young children is about the process, not the outcome.
Children need to explore, take risks, make their own choices. This is the richness of creativity.


text:
Funding Australia schools
3.1 School structures
School structures and age requirements for student enrolment in Australia differ between the States and Territories and are summarised in Table 3.1.
In New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory, primary education consists of a preliminary year followed by Years 1 to 6. Secondary education consists of Years 7 to 12. In Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia, primary education consists of a preliminary year followed by Years 1 to 7 and secondary education consists of Years 8 to 12. The preliminary year has different names in the various jurisdictions.
The age at which schooling becomes compulsory is six years in all States and Territories except Tasmania, where it is five years. In practice, most children start the preliminary year of primary school at between four-and-a-half and five-and-a-half.
Prior to 2010, the minimum school leaving age in most jurisdictions was 15 or 16. However, in January 2010, the National Youth Participation Requirement, agreed by the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) in 2009, came into effect across all States and Territories. This includes a mandatory requirement for all young people to participate in schooling until they complete Year 10 and to participate full time in education, training or employment, or a combination of these activities, until the age of 17.
This requirement had already existed in Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. From 2010 it also applies in New South Wales, Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory, effectively lengthening the period of compulsory education for young people in these jurisdictions. The National Youth Participation Requirement is part of the National Partnership on Youth Attainment and Transitions and is a major step in achieving national consistency in the structure of schooling.
The move for Australian governments to raise minimum school leaving ages (while accepting vocational training and employment as acceptable alternatives to senior secondary schooling) recognises the need for higher levels of education and skill in the modern globalised economy. It reflects the policy intent expressed in the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians that to maximise their opportunities for healthy, productive and rewarding futures, Australia's young people must be encouraged not only to complete secondary education or equivalent, but also to proceed into further training or education.
More information on the National Partnership on Youth Attainment and Transitions is provided in the National initiatives and achievements – supporting senior years of schooling and youth transitions section of this report.
Table 3.1 Primary and secondary school structures – minimum age of commencement for Year 1 and
minimum school leaving age by State and Territory, 2010
Preparatory year (first year of school)
Month of and age at commencement for Year 1
Minimum school leaving age
January, 5 turning 6
by 31 July
Years 1–6
Years 7–12
17 years(a)
by 30 April
17 years(b)
by 30 June
17 years(c)
January, 5 years 6 months
by 1 January
17 years(d)
17 years(e)
January, turning 6
17 years(f)
Years 7–12(g)
17 years(h)
17 years(i)
(a) From 2010 all NSW students must complete Year 10. After Year 10, students must be in school, in approved education or training, in full-time employment or in a combination of training and employment until they turn 17.
(b) From 2010 all Victorian students are required to complete Year 10 and remain in some form of education, training or employment until the age of 17.
(c) From 2006 Queensland students have been required to participate in 'learning or earning' for two years after completing compulsory schooling, or until they turn 17 or until they attain a Senior Secondary Certificate or a Certificate III (or higher) vocational qualification.
(d) From 2007 South Australian students who have turned 16 are required to remain at school or undertake an approved learning program until they turn 17 or gain a Senior Secondary Certificate or equivalent or a Certificate II (or higher) vocational qualification.
(e) From 2008 Western Australian students are required to remain at school or undertake an approved combination of training and employment until the end of the year in which they turn 17.
(f) From 2008 Tasmanian students are required to continue participating in education, training or full-time employment until they turn 17.
(g) The Northern Territory moved to include Year 7 students exclusively in secondary education in 2008.
(h) From January 2010, it is compulsory for all Northern Territory students to complete Year 10 and then participate in education, training or employment until they turn 17.
(i) From 2010 ACT students are required to complete Year 10 and then participate full time in education, training or employment until completing Year 12 or equivalent, or reaching age 17.
Sources: Australian Government, Country Education Profile; States and Territories
Within the overall structure of primary and secondary education there is further scope for variation in the structure of individual schools. Both government and non-government schools may be primary only, secondary only or combined primary and secondary. Secondary schools may accommodate the full age range of secondary students or be divided into junior and senior campuses. Government and some non-government school authorities operate special schools for students with disabilities and other special needs, while in some jurisdictions a high proportion of students with special needs are integrated into mainstream schools. (See Glossary for definition of special schools.)
Children may be exempted from attending a school if they live too far away from an appropriate institution. These children receive tuition through various means, including distance education, School of the Air, and use of computer, facsimile and satellite technologies. Boarding facilities are available at some non-government schools, mainly in cities and regional centres. A small number of government schools, in particular those catering for groups such as Indigenous students, have residential hostels located close by. Children may be home-schooled if they have met the criteria set down by the relevant State or Territory education authority (Year Book Australia, 2009–2010).
Each State and Territory also has a preschool sector that is separate from primary and secondary schooling, but preschools are sometimes attached to or accommodated in primary schools. Data on preschools and on preschool education within schools are not included in this report. Data on secondary education provided by adult learning institutions such as colleges of Technical and Further Education (TAFE) are also excluded from this report, except for VET in Schools programs undertaken by secondary school students.


The art of public speaking is one which underpins the very foundations of Western society. This course examines those foundations in both Aristotle and Cicero's views of rhetoric, and then traces those foundations into the modern world.
Students will learn not just the theory, but also the practice of effective public speaking, including how to analyze the speeches of others, build a strong argument, and speak with confidence and flair.
By the end of this course, students will know exactly what makes a truly successful speech and will be able to put that knowledge to practical use.


Arid regions, particularly polar and alpine desert environments, have diminished landscape connectivity compared to temperate regions due to limited and/or seasonal hydrological processes. For these environments, aeolian processes play a particularly important role in landscape evolution and biotic community vitality through nutrient and solute additions. The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) are the largest ice-free area in Antarctica and are potentially a major source of aeolian material for the continent. From this region, samples were collected at five heights (~5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 cm) above the surface seasonally for 2013 through 2015 from Alatna Valley, Victoria Valley, Miers Valley, and Taylor Valley (Taylor Glacier, East Lake Bonney, F6 (Lake Fryxell), and Explorer's Cove). Despite significant geological separation and varying glacial histories, low-elevation and coastal sites had similar major ion chemistries, as did high-elevation and inland locations. This locational clustering of compositions was also evident in scanning electron microscopy images and principal component analyses, particularly for samples collected at ~100 cm above the surface. Compared to published soil literature, aeolian material in Taylor Valley demonstrates a primarily down-valley transport of material toward the coast. Soluble N:P ratios in the aeolian material reflect relative nutrient enrichments seen in MDV soils and lakes, where younger, coastal soils are relatively N depleted, while older, up-valley soils are relatively P depleted. The aeolian transport of materials, including water-soluble nutrients, is an important vector of connectivity within the MDV and provides a mechanism to help "homogenize" the geochemistry of both soil and aquatic ecosystems.


I really enjoy learning about all the different ways that you can use watercolors to make special effects and unique textures in your work. I have experimented with the salt technique and the alcohol and water technique. This time I thought it might be fun to try the wax resist. The basic concept is that you lay down some wax on your paper, paint over the wax, and the wax resists the watercolor leaving the white of the paper exposed. This technique can have some cool applications. It is great to have a lot of tools in your arsenal so that when you are trying to create a texture or a specific look in your painting you can draw on one of these special effects (Ha!, no pun intended!).
For the sake of consistency and comparison, I used a star stencil to add my wax.
I used a nice dark paint for the sake of contrast. You can see the wet paint start to roll off the wax.
Here I tried the colorless pencil. It has a much more subtle effect than the wax crayon.
I loved the effect of the birthday candle wax. Very dramatic.
The white colored pencil had much the same effect as the colorless blending pencil; a more subtle look.
Here is the silver crayon! You can experiment with various shades of crayons but I love the contrast of the lighter shades.
Here are all the samples lined up together. In the bottom right hand corner I tried a silky crayon. It is something I bought for my kids a while back and is waxy like an oil pastel but must be water based because it just smeared all over the place. If you have an oil pastel, that would be cool to try, too.
Collect some textured items from around your house or yard. For this example I chose leaves. I tried a few different papers and thinner paper worked the best. In this example I used the bristol paper which is kind of thick but flat and smooth. Take your textured item and place it underneath your paper. I put the leaf with the vein side up. Next, take your candle and lay it down on the paper and make a rubbing with the wax.
Cover your wax rubbing with the paint and you see a nice texture emerge.
In this next example, I tries a thinner 90lb mixed media paper. I put my candle flat against the paper.
I used the reddish candle so you could see the faint lines where the wax picked up the veiny texture.
Look around your house for some fun things to experiment with.
I found this sand paper in the garage.
The sandpaper created this cool texture!
Here is a really fun idea; Write a message (see the crayon crumbles? I wrote a little message on the blank paper.
Now paint over your message for the reveal!
So much fun!! Send your pen pal a note and some paints in the mail to reveal your secret message!
Well, I hope you enjoyed this and have some fun experimenting with this technique!


text:
Gender Paris Commune Violence
The Commune's Marianne: An Art History of La Pétroleuse
Posted on June 12, 2017 by Age of Revolutions
By Lynn Clement
The near-mythical pétroleuse was one of the principal figures to emerge from the short-lived, yet radical Paris Commune (lasting from March 18, 1871 to May 28 of the same year). The pétroleuse represented those women accused of setting devastating fires that gutted government and cultural institutions during the Semaine Sanglant (The Bloody Week, which lasted from May 21st to May 28th, 1871). Historian Albert Boime observes that, "the right like the left often symbolized the Commune as a militant female…the mythical pétroleuse, the female incendiary who flouted her true nature," and both the right and the left charged Communard women with sparking mob violence.[1] La pétroleuse's lower-class character, too, speaks to mid-nineteenth century class tensions. In her book, Unruly Women of Paris: Images of the Commune, Gay Gullickson explains that, "[v]engeful proletarians…were dangerous enough. But women posed even greater threats to the social order."[2] Damaging ideologies coalesced around the pétroleuse and as such, a study of these symbols of female destruction reveals the fears and tensions that surrounded French women's political power and agency by way of the proletariat's civil war and revolution. As punishment for stepping outside the prescribed social order, they were vilified in visual history, and slaughtered and exiled upon the downfall of the citizens' regime at the hands of the Versailles government.
Bertrand TILLIER, "Le mythe de la pétroleuse", Histoire par l'image [en ligne], consulté le 28 Mai 2017.
Contemporary accounts, and subsequent imagery dispersed by popular journals, asserted that this breed of "un-natural" women violated traditional gender roles by joining the political discourse and fighting. While the Paris Commune is a narrow period of French history, it is significant in its record of the contemporary responses to women's involvement in rebellion and political affairs. Women who participated in the revolution of 1871 felt that the Commune would finally succeed where previous revolutions had failed, and as activist and founder of the Union des Femmes, Elisabeth Dmitrieff, has stated, these women felt that they could achieve "the creation of a new social order" founded on "equality, solidarity and of freedom."[3] However, rather than securing equality through their participation in political clubs, their defense of Paris during the Franco-Prussian war and subsequent siege, or their sacrifice on the barricades, Communard women were demonized for their entrance into French politics and were forever immortalized in the archetype of the pétroleuse.
Left: Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, 1830. Right: Honoré Daumier, The Republic, 1848.
The feminist historian, Madelyn Gutwirth, argues that "[t]he ontological void women represent to the male culture apparently provides a perfect vehicle for the use of the female figure to represent virtually anything…it offers us a culturally sanctioned, rigid assimilation of diverse and even warring phenomena to a predetermined sign."[4] I would argue that depictions of the pétroleuse, in addition to negative depictions of Republican France in the guise of these incendiaries, unify disparate ideologies regarding the Commune into one symbol of destruction: women. The use of the female body as political symbol is longstanding. For example, representing the quest for liberty, equality, and fraternity, the allegorical female emblem, Marianne, originated during the revolution of 1789 and soon became an accepted and celebrated national symbol of France.[5] Physical representations appear in the early nineteenth century and took inspiration from classicized personifications of Liberty and the Republic.[6] In Delacroix's famous example, Liberty is personified as a bare-breasted woman donning a Phrygian cap (a symbol dating back to ancient Rome when the hat was worn by freed slaves).[7] Striding swiftly over the casualties of revolution, she raises the tricolore with one statuesque arm while gripping the barrel of a bayonetted rifle in the other. Meanwhile, in Honoré Daumier's painting, The Republic, she is seated upon a throne, donning the Phrygian cap, and while grasping the tricolore tightly in muscular arms, she nurses her children of liberty.
Bernard, Une Pétroleuse de la Commune, 1871.
In direct contrast is a depiction of Marianne created after the suppression of the Commune. This virago simultaneously pours petrol from a watering can while torching her surroundings. Behind her a Roman-arched structure, reminiscent of contemporary photographs of the structures gutted by fire, is already aflame. This incendiary Marianne bellicosely stares out at the viewer with a repugnant face, her traditional flowing dark hair wild and ragged, while her dress, now red to signify the symbolic color of the Commune, slips from her shoulder to reveal one wilted breast. This bare breast that once nourished the children of liberty is now imagined as its grossly deformed and dysfunctional counterpart. Barefoot she stands upon the cobbled streets of Paris, stones of which have been uprooted to form the barricade that we imagine lay just outside the picture frame. In the same corner lies another product of her destruction — the lifeless legs and feet of a soldier. It does not matter if they belong to a Communard or a Versailles soldier; she brings devastation to all and represents France amidst bloody civil war. In addition, this incendiary Marianne represents the fear associated with those women who participated in the Commune — the personification of France transformed since female allegorical figures were malleable and could be manipulated to signify social and political ideologies.
In Bernard's image, the allegorical depiction of France has shifted to reflect what happens when women step outside acceptable gender roles as they did during the Commune. Images depicting the Communard women as destroyers of property and human life alike would have supported such writers as Michelet, Proudhon, and Comte who claimed that women were inferior physically, intellectually, and morally, and would have turned others in France against their plight. These images would also serve as warning for subsequent generations about the atrocities that can be meted out to the world when societal order is defied. Gullickson asserts that, "Virtually overnight, the representation of the dangerous, unruly female incendiary came to symbolize the evils of the Commune for its critics…"[8]
Eugène Girard, La Femme, émancipée, répandant la lumière sur le monde, 1871.
Eugène Girard's image, sarcastically entitled The Emancipated Woman Shedding Light on the World, illustrates the perceived destruction that comes with female political power. Girard's pétroleuse, or emancipated woman (now treated as one in the same), emerges from a smoky darkness illuminated by her inflamed torch in one hand, which is fueled by the canister of petrol held in the other. She confronts us with wide, fevered eyes, mouth agape, with hair that flies wildly as she races aggressively towards the viewer. Here the emancipated woman is to be feared; her illumination is not beneficial, it is dangerous. These sentiments were mirrored in contemporary accounts of the Communardes during their trials. Captain Jouenne, prosecutor at said trials, stated that,
The horrible campaign against civilization begun on March 18, by people who believe in neither God nor Country… and, alas, in great number—unworthy creatures who seem to have taken on the task of becoming an opprobrium to their sex, and… she becomes a moral monstrosity; then woman is more dangerous than the most dangerous man.[9]
Images like Girard's directly reflect societal fears concerning the fight for female independence and agency through their participation in revolution.
Age and class are relevant in the analysis of the pétroleuse and explain the reason they were depicted as mature, wild, and menacing. The images of the Commune's Marianne are damning and, I would argue, an allegory married to the demonized myth of the pétroleuse. Unlike idealized examples of Marianne that show her young, strong, and a protector of her people, here she is perverse. Here Marianne is depicted as a pétroleuse who destroys her city and represents militant, leftist Paris, completely out-of-control. She now conforms to contemporary stereotypes of the pétroleuse accused of burning down sections of Paris in the dying days of the Commune and creates a fearful image of violent, destructive, politically active, unfettered, and thus threatening women. As summarized by French writer and Communard, Benoît Malon:
Above all, one important fact that the Paris revolution brought to light is the entry of women into politics…they felt that the cooperation of women was indispensable to the triumph of the Social Revolution which had reached the fighting stage; the woman and the proletariat, those ultimate victims of the old order, could not hope for their emancipation except by forming a strong union against all the forces of the past.[10]
Lynn Clement is an adjunct professor of Art History at Northern Virginia Community College and the College of Southern Maryland. Her research focuses on Modern European art, feminist theory, political art, and the preservation of art in places of conflict. You can email her at lclementb@gmail.com or tweet her @lclementb.
Title Image: Paris sous la Commune. "Une pétroleuse. Ah ! Si son homme la voyait". Estampe anonyme. Imprimerie Moronval. Collection Liesville. Paris, musée Carnavalet.
[1] Albert Boime, Art and the French Commune, (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1997), 39.
[2] Gay Gullickson, Unruly Women of Paris: Images of the Commune, (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1996), 58.
[3] John Milner, Art, War and Revolution in France, 1870-1871: Myth, Reportage, and Reality, (Hartford, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2000).
[4] Madelyn Gutwirth. The Twilight of the Goddesses: Women and Representation in the French Revolutionary Era, (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1992).
[5] Maurice Agulhon, Marianne into Battle: Republican Imagery and Symbolism in France, 1789-1880, trans. Janet Lloyd, (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
[6] Ibid, 82.
[7] Ibid, 2-4.
[8] Gullickson, 159.
[9] Edith Thomas, The Women Incendiaries, (Chicago, Illinois: Haymarket Books, 2007), 178-179.
[10] Quoted in ibid, xi.
Bertall, The Communists of Paris, 1871: Types, Physiognomies, Characters. London; Buckinham and Co., 1871.
Clayson, Hollis, Paris in Despair: Art and Everyday Life Under Siege (1870-1871). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
Merriman, John, Massacre: The Life and Death of the Paris Commune. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
Art HistoryHistoryParis CommuneProletariat RevolutionRevolution2 comments
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2 thoughts on "The Commune's Marianne: An Art History of La Pétroleuse"
Tom Clement says:
Go Lynn 🙂 🙂
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Valley City State (N.D.) Date Printed: 1/18/2021 7:26:12 AM Valley City, ND
NAIA SB
Valley City State (N.D.)
Ranks Number 1 in Division I in Total Caught Stealing (25)
Ranks Number 4 in Division I in Total Doubles (112)
Ranks Number 5 in Division I in Opp Batting Average (0.185)
Ranks Number 6 in Division I in Earned Run Average (1.550)
Ranks Number 10 in Division I in Hits per Game (9.729)
Ranks Number 10 in Division I in Total Runs Batted In (344)
Ranks Number 12 in Division I in Batting Average (0.348)
Ranks Number 12 in Division I in Doubles per Game (1.898)
Ranks Number 13 in Division I in Total Putouts (1152)
Ranks Number 13 in Division I in Total Innings Pitched (384.000)
Ranks Number 16 in Division I in Total Triples (20)
Ranks Number 19 in Division I in Runs Batted In per Game (5.831)
Ranks Number 26 in Division I in Total Chances (1589)
Ranks Number 27 in Division I in Slugging Pct (0.484)
Ranks Number 35 in Division I in Triples per Game (0.339)
Jayme Menard Ranks Number 2 in Division I in Total Chances (431)
Jayme Menard Ranks Number 3 in Division I in Total Putouts (401)
Emily Smith Ranks Number 3 in Division I in Wins (33)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 4 in Division I in Total Runs Scored (69)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 8 in Division I in Total Hits (84)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 9 in Division I in Total At Bats (206)
Emily Smith Ranks Number 9 in Division I in Opp Batting Average (0.177)
Emily Smith Ranks Number 9 in Division I in Hits Allowed per 9 (4.40)
Emily Smith Ranks Number 9 in Division I in Earned Run Average (1.180)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 10 in Division I in Total Runs Scored (63)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 11 in Division I in Total Steal Attempts (43)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 15 in Division I in Total Stolen Bases (37)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 16 in Division I in Total Triples (7)
Marissa Hawkins Ranks Number 17 in Division I in Total Runs Batted In (60)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 17 in Division I in Total Hits (78)
Jayme Menard Ranks Number 17 in Division I in Chances per Game (7.561)
Emily Smith Ranks Number 17 in Division I in Total Innings Pitched (195.200)
Emilee Wilson Ranks Number 18 in Division I in Earned Run Average (1.400)
Kadie Anderson Ranks Number 19 in Division I in Total Putouts (343)
Jayme Menard Ranks Number 20 in Division I in Putouts per Game (7.035)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 20 in Division I in Total At Bats (196)
Emilee Wilson Ranks Number 22 in Division I in Opp Batting Average (0.191)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 23 in Division I in Steal Attemps per Game (0.729)
Kadie Anderson Ranks Number 24 in Division I in Total Chances (354)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 25 in Division I in Total Assists (117)
Emilee Wilson Ranks Number 25 in Division I in Wins (19)
Emilee Wilson Ranks Number 25 in Division I in Hits Allowed per 9 (4.91)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 25 in Division I in Runs Scored per Game (1.169)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 26 in Division I in Stolen Bases per Game (0.627)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 27 in Division I in At Bats per Game (3.492)
Voni Culp Ranks Number 29 in Division I in Caught Stealing per Game (0.102)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 36 in Division I in Runs Scored per Game (1.068)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 37 in Division I in Triples per Game (0.119)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 40 in Division I in Total Total Bases (111)
Marissa Hawkins Ranks Number 41 in Division I in Runs Batted In per Game (1.017)
Joelle Aiello Ranks Number 43 in Division I in Hits per Game (1.424)
Marissa Hawkins Ranks Number 50 in Division I in Total At Bats (182)
Overall 54 5 0
Coach: Michael Mook
Location: Valley City, ND 58072
J. Aiello 84 0.408
M. Hawkins 60 1.02
V. Culp 37 0.63
E. Smith 33 1.18
E. Smith 9.37 262


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There I was again, trying to figure out what to make for lunch. It's kind of the story of my life. Thank goodness for leftover turkey, it's so versatile.
Really, I just wanted to make the never-ending-turkey into something the kids would be interested in eating. Since they've had it just about every other way this week, I reached for my secret stash of alphabet pasta. I say secret because I have such a hard time finding it in stores. The only place I seem to be able to get it is in the Hispanic section? It's really the strangest thing. Let me know if it's different at your market.
Anyway, this is one of those throw together lunches that takes only minutes before it's ready to serve. You could also use leftover chicken too. I think it's the alphabet pasta that makes it special. Serve it to your kids after Thanksgiving with any leftover rolls or bread you might have around.
In a large soup pot add chicken stock, water, onion and celery and bring to a boil. Add carrots and turn down heat to a low simmer. Add pasta and cook according to manufactures directions (probably 6-8 minutes). Add turkey to warm through and season with salt and pepper to taste.
Alphabet pasta is kind of like sprinkles…they make you smile.
Here is something I often finish my soups or sauces with. It gives them all a nice depth of flavor. Try it if you can or let me know if you've ever experienced it.
YUM! I love the alphabet noodles!! Great way to use up leftover turkey from Thanksgiving.
Growing up, Maggi was a mainstay in my German household. Chicken and stars soup was my favorite as a kid, but I refused to eat it without a generous addition of Maggi.
When I was a young woman it used to be called Maggi's Aroma in Europe (maybe not Germany) which we all thought was funny. However, it's something I love to use as well.
Never used alphabet noodles, but I often make similar soups with beans or barley.
"Alphabet pasta is kind of like sprinkles…they make you smile." — Yes, absolutely!
I don't have kids, but I still love making fun-shaped pasta just so I can eat it. Strangely enough, I've found a great selection of pastas at HomeGoods (I found turkey pasta there last year right before Thanksgiving!).
LOVE this! I'm going on a search for alphabet pasta this week! My boys would have so much fun eating this! Thanks for the great idea and yummy recipe!
This looks so fun Cathy… And very comforting!
I can normally find it at our Walmart! I actually have two packages in the pantry that I'm been meaning to use! Love this soup! Looks so good!
No it was with the pastas, I almost bought a box today, but opted for bowties.


text:
VITA · PHOTOS
New release of the Ninth Symphony completes the Beethoven cycle
After seven years, the much-acclaimed Bremerhaven Beethoven cycle has been completed with the recording of the Ninth Symphony. In June 2022, the live recording was made by sound engineer Martin Rust during a symphony concert of the Philharmonic Orchestra Bremerhaven conducted by Marc Niemann at the Bremerhaven Theatre. The realisation of this large-scale project was made possible by a crowdfunding campaign in which many music lovers from Bremerhaven participated. Thus, in addition to the opera choir of the Bremerhaven Theatre, the Czech Philharmonic Choir Brno could be engaged. The soloist quartet included soprano Signe Heiberg, mezzo-soprano Patrizia Häusermann, tenor Tilmann Unger and bass-baritone Heiko Trinsinger.
Since beginning his career, Marc Niemann has been in demand and appointed as conductor in several theaters throughout Germany. Since 2014, Marc Niemann has served as the General Music Director of the City Theater of Bremerhaven. In the midst of managing Bremerhaven's full season, Marc Niemann has been sought after and frequently engaged for his excellent guest conducting throughout Europe. Niemann's extensive repertoire includes works of many genres and styles, both in the fields of musical theater and concert repertoire.
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text:
Palestine goes to UN Security Council to Demand Israeli Withdrawal by 2016
Juan Cole 10/02/2014
By Juan Cole
AP reports that Palestine is presenting a resolution to the United Nations Security Council (through its "Arab Group") calling for a complete Israeli withdrawal from the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, by 2016. Palestine will argue that Israel has systematically and over decades violated all the international laws regulating military occupations, and that it is quickly marching toward being an Apartheid state (Apartheid is itself a form of crime against humanity).
The UN Security Council has five permanent and ten rotating members, but each of the five permanent members can exercise a veto. The United States, despite prevaricating statements attempting to represent itself as an honest broker, has almost always vetoed any UNSC resolution criticizing Israeli actions, even though these actions clearly violate the Hague Regulations on Occupied Territories, the Geneva Conventions, the Rome Statute and other bodies of international law.
So the likelihood is that the US will veto the resolution of Mahmoud Abbas. Though who knows, maybe a lame duck Barack Obama will finally show some spine and simply abstain instead of vetoing. The UNSC can put economic sanctions on Israel if it is defied (just as it has sanctioned Iran and North Korea, two other egregious violators of international human rights norms.)
If the US does veto the resolution, then Washington is clearly saying that it is all right with American elites if Israel goes on stealing Palestinian land on a vast scale and expropriating and oppressing the stateless Palestinians under its boot.
In that case, Palestinian circles are suggesting that Mahmoud Abbas will have no choice but finally to go to the International Criminal Court to charge Israel with crimes against humanity (i.e. systematic war crimes). This step is serious, since the US cannot block the ICC and any judgment it delivered against Israel would be taken seriously in the European Union and many other countries.
I wrote last spring:
Palestine president Mahmoud Abbas … signed a some 15 international treaties and UN legal instruments, including the Geneva Conventions, in preparation for going to the International Criminal Court over Israel's illegal flooding of hundreds of thousands of Israeli squatters into the West Bank. These squatters have for the most part never paid Palestinians for the land on which they build their homes. They completely exclude Palestinians from their colonies on Palestinian land. Often they prevent Palestinian farmers from harvesting their crops near the settlements. They commit vandalism against Palestinian property and sometimes just shoot down Palestinian civilians. Over time, they aim to make an Palestinian state impossible by turning it prospective territory into Swiss cheese…
. . . the Palestinians signed the UN instruments and treaties that would strengthen their hand when and if they take their case to the International Criminal Court. They are also joining more UN agencies and committees, something both Israel and the US have opposed, since they don't want Palestine recognized as a state by the international community before Israel itself can set the terms for such a state.
The ICC was established by the 2002 Rome Statute, so that previous generations of Palestinians would not have been able to resort to it. Even then, it could only take up cases of member nations, and since Israel had not signed the treaty and Palestine was not a member state, the ICC could not consider the case of Palestine until recently. Another way a non-member state can be taken to the ICC is if the UN Security Council forwards a case to it. But the US screws over the Palestinians by consistently vetoing any UNSC ruling against Israel.
When the United Nations General Assembly voted in 2012 to admit Palestine as a non-member UN observer state']) United Nations General Assembly voted in 2012 to admit Palestine as a non-member UN observer state (the same status as the Vatican enjoys), however, it opened the door for Palestine to take Israel's squatting policy to the ICC. Palestine as an observer state can sign the Rome Statute and can initiate a case against Israel. Previous to 2012, Palestinians had no standing before the court since they were not recognized as a state at all.
The Palestinian leadership is said to have unanimously backed Abbas in taking this step.
Abbas said, "We do not want to use this right against anyone, and do not want a confrontation with America. For we have an excellent relationship with it." He praised Secretary of State John Kerry for his energetic diplomacy on the issue.
"We just could find no other path forward." Given Israeli footdragging on the prisoner release, Abbas said, he was going to join UN organizations and agencies. He had agreed to put that off for 9 months, but that period has come to a close.
Palestine has gained nothing from the negotiations, since Israel has increased the size of the settlements and announced thousands of new housing units on Palestinian land since August when they began. In essence, Israel has been grabbing up the very territory over which the negotiations are being held– sort of like if you're talking with friend how to share a piece of cake when suddenly he starts eating it up.
Euronews: "Abbas describes Israel's 'war of genocide'"
Filed Under: Featured, Israel/ Palestine, Palestine
Juan Cole is the founder and chief editor of Informed Comment. He is Richard P. Mitchell Professor of History at the University of Michigan He is author of, among many other books, Muhammad: Prophet of Peace amid the Clash of Empires and The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. Follow him on Twitter at @jricole or the Informed Comment Facebook Page


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Russian 'Storm' top candidate to be India's new aircraft carrier - report
1 Mar, 2016 16:32
Model of the aircraft carrier project 23000E at the «Army 2015» exhibition. © Artem Tkachenko © Wikipedia
India will reportedly shortly announce a tendering procedure for building its fourth aircraft carrier. A new Russian project called "Storm", which was made public last year, is said to be among the frontrunners.
India's plans to have a new aircraft carrier have been floating around for some time. French defense newsletter TTU reported that a French delegation visited India in late January to propose the naval version of the Dassault Rafale jet to complement its future bid. The US is also eyeing the lucrative contract.
However, according to the Izvestia newspaper, the Russian project is the favorite in the upcoming tender. Russia's Krylovsky State Research Center (KRSC) will be offering its new multipurpose heavy aircraft carrier design called Project 23000E Shtorm (Storm). The project was first revealed to the public in June at the Army-2015 show near Moscow, where a scale model of the ship was exhibited.
The design has a displacement of up to 100,000 tons, is 330 meters long, 40 meters wide, and has a draft of 11 meters. It has a nuclear power plant, although initial plans state a conventional one may also be used. The ship is designed to sail at up to 30 knots (around 55 km/h) and withstand sea state 6-7 (characterized by waves up to 9 meters high).
India launches first home-built aircraft carrier
The carrier can remain 120 days at sea before needing a port. It will have a crew of 4,000 to 5,000 and deploy up to 100 aircraft. The air wing will include naval versions of T-50s (PAK FA) currently in development and MiG-29Ks, as well as early warning radar aircraft, most likely Yak-44Es.
The flight deck is of dual design and features four launching positions. Two have ski-jump ramps and the other two have electromagnetic catapults to enable take-off from a shortened runway.
The Russian bid is favored by the Indians partly because Moscow is willing to allow bigger technology transfers than the French and American contenders, Izvestia said. A program called Make in India launched by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2014 seeks to stimulate domestic production of high-tech products, including military hardware.
Russia enjoys strong defense cooperation with India, including its navy. One of the country's two serving aircraft carriers, the INS Vikramaditya, is a Kiev-class Soviet ship, which was rebuilt by Russia. The other, the INS Viraat – formerly the HMS Hermes of the British Royal Navy – is to be decommissioned in June and replaced in 2018 with its first domestically build aircraft carrier of the Vikrant class, which Russia helped design and build in a joint effort with Italy.
India is also cooperating with Russia in aircraft design and production. An "Indian" version of the PAK FA is being developed, which facilitates India's domestic acquisition of aircraft for the future carrier. The Indian Navy is already the prime user of MiG-29Ks.


It looks like it would have been cool.
Remember Agent? It was a brand new PS3 exclusive that Rockstar was supposed to be working on, something that would become their new GTA. It was announced at Sony's E3 press conference in 2009, and ever since then, we… simply haven't seen it. It's been missing in action completely. Rockstar has maybe mentioned it a couple of times, but beyond that, we don't even have any indication if the game ever existed.
However, according to an artist who worked on the game in 2009-10, the game was being worked on to some capacity before development on it simply… stopped. Reddit and other sources dugged out the information, and it looks like the game was going to have a pretty cool setting- honestly, looking at what we see reminds me of the Jason Bourne movies. I'd have loved to play a game like that, particularly from Rockstar.
Check out the screenshots for yourself below, and lament at what could have been. Because one thing is very clear now- Agent is never actually happening.


Today on Flashpoints: Deep background on the Saudi lobby in the US which has been growing in leaps and bounds. Also, writer and photographer, David Bacon, makes the case that migration is a form of fighting back. And, a brand new edition of the Flashpoints Election Crimes Bulletin!


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When it comes to the holidays or our birthdays, we get the standard, 'we don't know what to get you for Christmas'. Seriously? It's not that hard these days with the plethora of blogs and sites that give great ideas. But since you're already reading this, I'll save you the trouble.
While we don't need weed whackers, lawn mowers, winter parkas, pieces of furniture, or useless ugly sweaters. we still endeavor to see fancy decorated presents under our tree or open packages that have been sent to us.
So many think just tucking gift cards in envelopes and calling it a day is the answer. While nice, talking with several other nomads like ourselves, sometimes gift cards can become generic. It was resounding collection of opinions but they call came down to one thing. We all like to open presents with pretty paper with a fancy bow on top.
Even RVs and Campers need to be vacuumed. Get one that picks up pet hair, sand, gravel, etc.
We see them all over the parks and makes great conversation starters since we see their names. They fold up small so they don't take up space or weight.
We LOVE these because they are solar powered so we don't need to plug them in! They can blink, in a pattern or burn steady. We used them to line our steps so we can see at night.
If they don't have a residential refrigerator with a built in ice maker, this are a must-have!
They are faster cooking, easier to clean up after and can be left cooking while we are out hiking, shopping and sightseeing.
Collapsible Kitchen Bowls, Colander, and Measuring Cups – they store beautifully and won't break while in transit.
For all of our electronics such as phones, computers, notepads, etc.!
These are great for power outages or when we're on the road or day trips.
Like above however, these don't need to be plugged in to charge. It only needs the sun!
Since we are minimalists, we can't have a thousand picture frames in our RV's however, we love to show off our families and friends. Make sure you include an SD card…with a few of your own photos loaded on it! Good quality is a plus!
We pray we won't ever get into an accident but if or when we do, we need proof for court and our insurance.
Some of us hike or trek. Ideas are hand compass, small handheld GPS, trekking poles, backpack(s), multi-use tool, waterproof topography maps, water bottle or stainless water bottles, flashlight(s), first aid kit, personal water filter kit, energy bars, etc.
You can't believe the many uses these offer. Not only for spotting cool looking birds out our back window but also, in the passenger side of our truck. While transiting, the passenger can look through them to see traffic up ahead, exit signs, fuel stations, wildlife, etc.
We love to walk everywhere and sometimes it's really dark outside! Get one…two…or five…all different sizes too! Seriously, we can never have too many. We have about five; one in the truck, two in the RV, underneath storage compartment, and backpack.
These are amazing because most RV parks and Resorts no longer allow wood burning fires. As well, firewood is expensive and not easy to acquire. Add in a couple of those small green propane canisters you can find in the camping section of stores.
Every RVer needs a grill!
Some of us still like to 'write home'. Add in a nice pen and pencil set and some all-occasion box of greeting cards too! We still send birthday, get well, sympathy, and congrats cards.
This one is what we have! We still need to print things like insurance cards, shipping labels, documents to sign, etc. Pair it with an extra BLACK or COLOR print cartridge and small ream of paper. Don't forget to buy a printer cable too.
Most times, we are going to be far from family. Help us to come visit you. It also gives us 'a vacation from our vacation'. (again, humor us!) Pack them inside a small carry-on bag with some destination maps to make it fun!
We mentioned this in our 7 Road Trip Books and Travel Guides for the United States. These are a must, even if we have a GPS. We travel the same roads as truckers so this is a no-brainer gift.
RV & Travel Club Memberships – always check with your RVing family member or friend to see which ones they have or may be expiring. Even if you don't buy one, perhaps put cash in an envelope and say 'this is for your Escapees renewal'. It's a thoughtful and practical gesture.
Restaurant Gift Cards – like we mentioned, national chain restaurants are awesome, but please not McDonald's or Burger King. Try for something healthier because we admit, we get caught up in eating local foods and most times, they are not exactly the healthiest.
RVers use for diesel trucks and motorhomes.
cabinet knobs, cleaning supplies, etc.SO much better than Walmart (humor us!) We also like to change out our towels and bedding. Great for cooking tools too!
Don't laugh! What some ladies wouldn't give to get a comfy high class hotel room for a night because…they have bathtubs and spas! Sometimes, we enjoy a getaway and pampering even though we RV travel. If you know where your RV family member or friend is going to be, check out that area and find a reputable one. Then TELL them to GO. Pair it with a nice restaurant and they will love you forever…and more!
Gift Cards GALORE!! Always check if there are expiration dates.
The list doesn't end here though. We are sure that there are probably a hundred…or a thousand…or million other things that RVers would love to get as a gift. Things to keep in mind when shopping for your RVing friend or family member; RV's and Campers are small. We have limited storage space so keep that in mind when shopping.
ASK what they would like. You might get them something they already have or tried and it didn't work for them or their RV lifestyle.
Always include the receipt. Ask the retailer if your gift can be returned at a different location as we travel around.
Ask if gift cards have expiration dates. Perhaps your RVer won't be at that RV resort, or city until a year from now.
If you get anything personalized, make certain you get the names and hometowns/state correct spelling (for signs, banners, flags…).
So, if you're reading this, whether you're an RVer or a family/friend of an RV'er, we hope this helps. Sometimes asking what they/we would like gets you the standard "I don't care" or "whatever you'd like" but really, it's about what the RVer in your life would like. Holiday gift giving should be FUN…for both of you!


Samsung India on Thursday announced the availability of Galaxy "S9+" and "Note 9" in burgundy red and lavender purple variants, respectively.
The smartphones in new colours would be available at selected offline stores, online portals and Samsung Shop from October 4, the company said in a statement.
Samsung India on Thursday announced the availability of Galaxy "S9+" and "Note 9" in burgundy red and lavender purple variants, respectively. The smartphones in new colours would be available at selected offline stores, online portals and Samsung Shop from October 4, the company said in a statement.
"Festive season is the best time to own our latest powerful flagship smartphones that are now available in exciting new colours," said Aditya Babbar, General Manager, Mobile Business, Samsung India. Galaxy "S9+" was launched in March with its 256GB variant priced at Rs 72,900.
The phone comes with 6.2-inch super AMOLED "Infinity Display" screen along with 6GB RAM, powered by Snapdragon 845 processor and 3,500mAh battery. The 6.4-inch "Note 9" that hit the Indian markets in August comes with internal storage expandable up to 1TB.
The device runs Android 8.1 Oreo and is fuelled by Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 chipset along with 4000mAh battery, compatible with both wired and wireless charging. The two variants of "Note 9" — 128GB and 512GB — are priced at Rs 67,900 and Rs 84,900, respectively.
As part of the announcement, "Note 9" buyers can purchase a Galaxy Watch priced at Rs 24,990 for Rs 9,999, the company added. Samsung India is also offering cashback and bonus offers on the devices.


For ten months of the year there is a Service in Ballywillan Presbyterian Church every Sunday morning at 10.30am. During July and August two Services are scheduled each Sunday, a modern worship Service from 9.30am to 10.30am and a Service involving more traditional music from 11.30am to 12.30pm.
THROUGHOUT THE YEAR EVERY SERVICE IS RECORDED, WEBCAST AND STREAMED LIVE.


text:
Yitzhar settlement viewed as epicenter of surge in 'price tag' attacks
But officials in the northern West Bank community say it's due to an influx of 'hilltop youth' evicted from a nearby hardcore outpost last year
By Jacob Magid 23 April 2018, 7:37 pm Edit
Jacob Magid is The Times of Israel's US correspondent
The entrance to the settlement of Yitzhar in the West Bank. (Flash90/File)
The Israeli security establishment views the northern West Bank settlement of Yitzhar as responsible for the recent uptick in hate crimes against Palestinian villages, a defense official told The Times of Israel Monday.
The town of roughly 1,500 residents has become a "refuge for hilltop youth" who have been involved in most of the so-called price tag attacks in the past year, the official said. Seven instances of extensive Palestinian property destruction have been documented in the past week alone.
"Price tag" refers to vandalism and other hate crimes carried out by Jewish ultra-nationalists ostensibly in retaliation for Palestinian violence or government policies perceived as hostile to the settler movement. Palestinian olive groves, mosques, churches have been targeted by far-right vandals in recent years, as have dovish Israeli rights groups and even IDF military bases.
The young activists are often referred to as "hilltop youth" due to their practice of setting up illegal outposts on West Bank hilltops.
Hebrew graffiti proclaiming 'We'll take our fate into our own hands' daubed on a vehicle in the West Bank Palestinian village of Ramun, April 23, 2018. (Israel Police)
In recent years, the settlement of Yitzhar has become one of their main hubs, and the young ideologues have established several makeshift neighborhoods on hilltops beyond the borders of the northern West Bank town.
The defense establishment official, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said that the violent instances that have taken place over the past month had been carried out by hilltop youth from Yitzhar.
He added that in addition to the rogue settlers, students from Yitzhar's Od Yosef Chai yeshiva have also been involved in carrying out the hate crimes. The religious institution led by US-born Rabbi Yitzchak Ginsburgh has been long viewed by the Israeli defense establishment as a hotbed for extremism.
However, a Yitzhar official told The Times of Israel that many of the problems relating to the settlement have been the defense establishment's doing.
'Death to Arabs' spray painted on the wall of a building in the West Bank Arab village of Urif in an apparent price tag attack on April 18, 2018. (Rabbis for Human Rights)
The settler leader explained that when the IDF evacuated the illegal Baladim outpost of its dozens of hilltop youth in June 2017, a senior military official initiated a meeting with Yitzhar leadership.
During the sit-down, the IDF official warned the residents that they would soon see a wave of hilltop youth moving to the settlement.
Baladim settlers had been involved in some of the more violent attacks perpetrated by Israelis in the West Bank over the last decade. The youths targeted not just Palestinians and Israeli human rights activists, but IDF troops as well.
The Yitzhar official said that in cooperation with the Welfare Ministry, the settlement has since established an informal educational-vocational program for the hilltop youth and that the number of price tag attacks had since decreased dramatically.
Shin Bet statistics published Sunday showed 2017 to be a far calmer year than the current one with eight price-tag attacks documented compared to the 13 that have already taken place in the first four months of 2018 alone.
Welfare Ministry officials have avoided publicizing their role in assisting Yitzhar as most of the hilltop youth want nothing to do with the Israeli government.
Hilltop youth members (from L-R) Yedidya Schlissel, Yehoshua Lambiasi, and Yitzhak Ettinger. (Screen capture: YouTube)
However, one official in the ministry, also speaking on the condition of anonymity, confirmed the collaboration with Yitzhar leadership. She pointed out that many of the hilltop youth come from broken homes and that the phenomenon should be handled using educational means when possible.
For his part, the Yitzhar official argued that most of the price tag attacks that have taken place over the past week have not been near the settlement.
Of the seven attacks, five of them took place dozens of miles south, in the villages of Burqa, Issawiya, Luban a-Sharqiya, Beit Iksa and Ramon.
The settler leader acknowledged two instances of property defacement in nearby Burin and Urif and said the town was "taking care" of the matter.
One prominent right-winger pointed out that the recent uptick in attacks over the past month come as the Central District Court prepares to make its ruling in the coming weeks on whether to convict two ultra-nationalist activists charged with carrying out the 2015 Duma terror attack.
Illustrative: A Palestinian police member inspects the damage inside a burned-out house belonging to a key witness to an arson attack last year by Jewish extremists that killed a Palestinian family, in the West Bank village of Duma, after fire broke out in the home in the early hours of March 20, 2016. (AFP/Jaafar Ashtiyeh)
Two homes in the village south of Nablus were set ablaze in the attack and the Hebrew slogans "revenge" and "long live the king messiah" were spray-painted on their walls, alongside a Star of David. Eighteen-month-old Ali Dawabsha was burned to death and father Saad Dawabsha, his wife Riham and their son Ahmed, who was 4 at the time, were critically injured. Saad died in August and Riham in September of that year, after treatment in Israeli hospitals. Ahmed, the only surviving member of the family, underwent months of treatment for severe burns.
The two defendants have claimed they confessed to the crime only after being tortured by interrogators from the Shin Bet security service.
Last week, the Central District Attorney's Office announced that it would avoid using confessions obtained from the suspects using "special means."
Amiram Ben-Uliel, 21, was indicted on January 3, 2016, for murder in the killing of the Dawabsha family in Duma. (Courtesy)
The prosecution is believed to have additional evidence on which to base its indictments against the two suspects, and recognized that testimony obtained through torture may not be admissible, the Kan public broadcaster reported.
According to the right-wing activist who also requested anonymity, the court's decision to accept the prosecution's request to drop the questionably induced confessions from the evidence deeply angered many hilltop youth, because it means the defendants' accusations of torture.
On Sunday, police carried out an arrest in Yitzhar, dressing up as religious settlers in order to nab an unsuspecting 15-year-old boy and drag him into a van. Pictures from the scene show the car used by the cops sporting a bumper sticker that reads "No Arabs. No terror attacks," in an ostensible effort by cops to blend in with the ultra-nationalist residents of Yitzhar.
The Honenu legal aid organization blasted the arrest as excessive, adding that the teen was released after questioning regarding an old, relatively minor charge of obstructing police officers.
Police "dress up as settlers" in order to carry out an arrest of a minor in Yitzhar. The ruse included a car with the classic "No Arabs, No terror attacks" bumper sticker pic.twitter.com/8SOyTY9fgL
— Jacob Magid (@JacobMagid) April 22, 2018
The recent price tag attacks also come on the backdrop of the murders of northern West Bank settlers Raziel Shevach and Itamar Ben-Gal.
Shevach was was shot dead in a drive-by shooting on January 9 outside the Havat Gilad outpost where he lived. A month later, IDF troops shot dead Ahmad Nassar Jarrar, the suspected ringleader of the terror cell responsible for the murder of the 35-year-old father of six.
A day prior to Jarrar's capture and killing, Ben-Gal was stabbed to death by a 19-year-old Arab-Israeli man at the Ariel Junction in the northern West Bank. The 29-year-old father of four had lived in the settlement of Har Bracha.
At Shevach's funeral, dozens of mourners interrupted Education Minister Naftali Bennett's eulogy with calls for "revenge." Similar calls were heard from a number of attendees at Ben-Gal's funeral, but they were far fewer and more subdued.
Raziel Shevach (standing) pictured with Itamar Ben-Gal (second from L) at the birthday celebration of a mutual friend. (Courtesy: Aviad Sharara)
However, rights groups point out that the Yitzhar leadership has long been unable to contain the hilltop youth residing in its community, and in fact has no interest in doing so. The left-wing NGOs also highlight the fact that no settler leaders or coalition lawmakers representing them have publicly condemned the recent rise in attacks.
The Yesh Din rights group has also slammed police "incompetence" in being unable to make a single arrest in any of the instances over the past week, saying it has "provided a tailwind for ideological crimes against Palestinians."
In January, some 50 masked Yitzhar residents were filmed destroying over 100 olive trees outside the nearby Palestinian village of Hawara. As the settlers snapped branches off the trees, footage documented by a field worker for the Yesh Din group pans to IDF soldiers appearing to be standing by and not reacting.
In February, Israel Police began investigating a complaint that a group of settlers from Yitzhar attacked a Palestinian shepherd and killed five of his sheep in an apparent hate crime. Photos from the scene showed the shepherd from the neighboring village of Einabus with the mutilated sheep. The man told the Yesh Din rights group that he was assaulted by the settlers, who also stole a number of his animals.
A week later, a bus driver filed a police complaint after he was pepper-sprayed and beaten by a group of masked settlers after pulling over in a parking lot in Yitzhar.
No arrests have been made in any of those three cases.
While recognizing the recent spike in price tag attacks, the defense establishment official pointed out that "there has not been a second Duma."
He said that while serious, the vast majority of price tag attacks have consisted of graffitied walls and slashed tires.
The defense official credited the absence of a serious attack to the Shin Bet's employment of administrative orders against the hilltop youth in response to the violence.
The orders can include detention, bans from entering the entire West Bank, and bans on contacting certain individuals, as well as nightly curfews.
"Enough with administrative orders' sprayed on the wall in an apparent 'Price Tag' attack, April 17, 2018. Photo courtesy of Israel Police
Sixty-three administrative orders were issued in 2017 by Israel Police, and upon recommendations from the Shin Bet, the practice has continued in 2018 with 13 more of the directives having been employed.
But right-wing activists have begun speaking out against the punitive measure, which they argue has robbed them of due process. Their criticism of the policy has also been highlighted in a considerable amount of graffiti defaming Palestinian cars throughout the West Bank.
So while the defense establishment may feel that it has quelled the most dangerous threat, it appears to have created many smaller ones in the process.
Yitzhar
Shin Bet
Hilltop youth
price tag attacks
administrative detention
Givat Habaladim
anti-Arab violence
Duma terror attack
Od Yosef Chai yeshiva
settler violence
West Bank outposts
West Bank settlements


This tune was written by Joe Thrift about his cow named Whiteface. Key of G. Play 2 A parts (Em, Am), 2 B parts (G, Em), and 3 C parts (C, Em). Fiddle plays in standard tuning. Banjo can play in C tuning to get that low C note.
The tune was written by Joe Thrift of Dobson, Surry County, NC. At right is a non-video of his solo fiddle and an mp3 of his full band.
There was a GREAT video of Jason Sypher playing it solo on bass with bow. YouTube took it down. Someone posted a request for the sheet music. He responded 'can't help you' because he learned it by ear. Yahoo!
Attached: my banjo demo, tuned gCGBD.
Gravy Soppers at the Milkhouse Brewery, Stillpoint Farm [utoob].
Rachel Eddy solo fiddle house concert [utoob].
Joe Thrift of Dobson, Surry County, NC. He wrote the song. He plays solo fiddle in this video. Lamancusa has an mp3 of Joe Thrift with a band.


text:
Developing Mindfulness in Families, Schools and Youth
On February 2, Dr Mark Greenberg joined the Dalai Lama Center for a special Speakers Series event, "Developing Mindfulness in Families, Schools and Youth". The evening brought Mark together with his wife Christa Turksma and local educator Dr Kimberly Schonert-Reichl to talk about how mindful training can play an important role in youth development.
Christa started off the evening with some mindful practices with the audience, asking them to focus on what they hoped to get out of the event. She would lead similar exercises throughout the night, including breathing and awareness exercises.
Mindfulness and mindful practices are two different things, according to Mark. He listed such practices as yoga, meditation and martial arts as various ways that one can work toward mindfulness.
Mindfulness plays a role in youth development not just in the way that children can take part in mindful practices. Mark says mindfulness is also important for educators as a way of coping with burnout. He stated that a school district in Chicago faces a turnover of 45% in a five-year period.
Mark also shared some of his work with a school in inner-city Baltimore, where a group of at-risk children engaged in yogic practices. He said that many of them showed reduction in rumination, or the tendency to dwell on negative thoughts, which can be a predictor of anxiety disorders and depression.
Even though Mark and his colleagues are doing extensive work on mindfulness in youth development, he says that research in this field is in its infancy. He predicts, however, that mindfulness will be one of the core focuses of scientific research over the next two decades.
Dr Greenberg finished the evening by joining Kimberley and Christa on a panel to answers some questions from moderator Maria LeRose and from the audience. In response to an audience question, Mark says he is cautious about drawing parallels from his work in Baltimore to other cities, because what leads to anxiety and stress will vary from place to place, based on cultural differences.
Check out the audio podcast below in "The Event" section and stay tuned for the complete video podcast to come.
‹ Video up Event ›


South Korea is known for having the fastest broadband Internet connections in the world.
Editor's Note: Which 17 countries have faster Internet connections than the United States? See our Internet speed map.
(CNN) -- People in the United States basically invented the Internet. So U.S. connections must be the fastest and cheapest in the world, right?
Broadband Internet speeds in the United States are only about one-fourth as fast as those in South Korea, the world leader, according to the Internet monitoring firm Akamai.
And, as if to add insult to injury, U.S. Internet connections are more expensive than those in South Korea, too.
The slower connection here in the U.S. costs about $45.50 per month on average, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In South Korea, the much-faster hookup costs $17 per month less. An average broadband bill there runs about $28.50.
So why is U.S. Internet so much slower and pricier than broadband connections in South Korea? The question is timely, as the U.S. government pushes forward with a "broadband plan" that aims to speed up connections, reduce costs and increase access to the Internet, especially in rural areas.
Map: U.S. Internet is slower than Slovakia's?
The comparison between South Korea and the United States is not perfectly instructive, especially since "we probably won't ever be South Korea," said Robert Faris, research director at Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet & Society.
"The whole political and social climate is so different, the geography is different, the history is so different," he said. "It's all pretty different."
Countries with fast, cheap Internet connections tend to have more competition.
In the U.S., competition among companies that provide broadband connections is relatively slim. Most people choose between a cable company and a telephone company when they sign up for Internet service.
In other countries, including South Korea, the choices are more varied.
While there isn't good data on how many broadband carriers the average consumer has access to, "I think we can infer that South Korea has more [competition in broadband] than the United States," Faris said. "In fact, most countries have more than the United States."
Some academics, including Yochai Benkler, co-director of the Berkman Center, have criticized the U.S. government's broadband plan as not doing enough to create the kind of competition that is present in other countries.
In a New York Times editorial, Benkler says competition will reduce costs for broadband consumers.
"Without a major policy shift to increase competition, broadband service in the United States will continue to lag far behind the rest of the developed world," he writes.
There are stark cultural differences between hyper-connected Korea, where more than 94 percent of people have high-speed connections, according to the OECD, and the United States, where only about 65 percent of people are plugged into broadband, according to an FCC survey.
The South Korean government has encouraged its citizens to get computers and to hook up to high-speed Internet connections by subsidizing the price of connections for low-income and traditionally unconnected people.
One program, for example, hooked up housewives with broadband and taught them how to make use of the Web in their everyday lives.
Parents in Korea, who tend to place high value on education, see such connections as necessities for their children's educations, said Rob Atkinson, president of the Information Technology & Innovation Foundation.
These cultural differences mean Korea has a more insatiable demand for fast Internet connections, he said. That demand, in turn, encourages telecommunications companies to provide those connections.
Faris, of the Berkman Center, said no one society has a stronger appetite for Internet connectivity than another. Korea's government simply has whetted that appetite, and provided the incentives to make high-speed connections accessible to a large segment of society.
Political culture has more to do with it, he said.
"The United States is a more litigious culture than others, and the power of the FCC [Federal Communications Commission] to regulate is not as strong here as it is in other countries," which means its less likely that the U.S. will pass policies to promote the growth of ultra-fast broadband.
There is vigorous debate in the telecommunications world about the role "open networks" have in creating fast, cheap Internet connections.
The idea behind an "open" system is essentially that, for a fee, broadband providers must share the cables that carry Internet signals into people's homes.
Companies that build those lines typically oppose this sharing. A number of governments, including South Korea and Japan and several European countries, have experimented with or embraced infrastructure-sharing as a way to get new companies to compete in the broadband market.
The U.S. does not require broadband providers to share their lines, and some experts cite Korea's relative openness as one reason the Internet there is so much faster and cheaper than it is here.
The most important thing is that countries create a way for companies to enter the broadband market without having to pay for huge amounts of infrastructure, said Faris.
South Korea, with more than 1,200 people per square mile, is a lot denser than the United States, where 88 people live in the same amount of space, and where rural areas and suburbs are large.
The result for broadband? It costs less to set up Internet infrastructure in a tightly populated place filled with high-rise-apartments, such as South Korea, than it does in the United States, where rural homes can be great distances apart.
In both countries, copper wires tend to carry broadband signals from fiber optic cables and into the home. Data can travel fast on copper wire, but it slows down the farther it goes.
In South Korea, that's usually just from the base of an apartment building to a particular unit. In the U.S., copper wire may have to link a home with a fiber optic cable that's a mile away.
In the 1990s, South Korea set a priority that it would be a highly connected country with a high degree of Internet literacy.
"They made this a priority 10 years ago and they've really executed on it," said Atkinson, from ITIF, the Internet policy think tank.
The country is still four to five years ahead of the U.S. when it comes to broadband policy, even as the United States tries to catch up, said Taylor Reynolds, an economist at OECD.
"Korea has long been a leader in broadband and in very fast broadband," he said. "And, in fact, the technology that Korea has used for probably the past four to five years is VDSL, and that's a technology that's now being put in by AT&T" in the United States.
Meanwhile, Korea is abandoning that technology in favor of the next big thing, Reynolds said. That likely involves bringing super-fast fiber optic cables straight into homes. And, according to a recent report by the Berkman Center, that could make South Korean Internet 10 times faster than it is now.
Faris said Korea's clear-cut plan helped lead to its faster broadband speeds.
"The U.S. has taken a fairly hands-off approach to the sector. They've left it to the private sector. There's been some money put into it, but not that much, on a per capita basis. We just haven't taken it that seriously."