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Home Articles Practice Social Workers: Allies for Justice?
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Social Workers: Allies for Justice?
by Lakeya Cherry
Lakeya Cherry
Lakeya Cherry, DSW, MSSW
by Lakeya Cherry, DSW, MSSW
Ahmaud Arbery
Racism is a risk factor for any person of color in our society. It can be observed within every system in the United States. It shows up as preferential treatment, privilege, and power for White Americans at the expense and disadvantage of people of color. It shows up when Black lives are put in jeopardy in the case of Christian Cooper and unjustly taken as was the case with Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, and George Floyd. It shows up when people such as Amy Cooper make threats that put a Black man's life in jeopardy. It shows up with COVID-19.
People of color face inequities in their lives simply because of the color of their skin. These recent incidents and murders make this reality more visible to many. COVID-19 has made this reality more visible to many. For example, although COVID-19 has impacted everyone around the globe, it is people of color who are impacted the most and dying at disproportionate rates (CDC, 2020; Reich, 2020). Those who lack privilege and power are not treated the same in our country, and this has devastating consequences for all of us.
As social workers, we know this. This is not new information for us. We've committed ourselves to improving the health and well-being of all people in society. We work with and advocate for the most vulnerable in our society. We manage people, programs, and organizations. It is we who have the knowledge and skills to change our system and solve our grandest challenges. Whether the issue is micro or macro, now more than ever, we are needed.
Some refer to us as superheroes. Whether we have superhuman powers is to be debated, but what we are are visionaries. We are leaders. We are changemakers. We are the social architects needed to right the wrongs of our past and reimagine and redesign a world that is equitable for all people.
Racist outcomes are a result of racist policies. For far too long, these policies have hindered the lives of people from marginalized backgrounds. We need diverse people at the table to draft policies and make decisions. Social workers are essential today and every day. As our country becomes more diverse, the need for social workers will increase. Let's do our part to check our own biases, reconsider our practices, and put the action in allyship. Let's diversify our workforce. Let's diversify our leadership. Let's lead together to build a race equity culture in our sector and society. The future of our clients of color depends on it. The future of our colleagues of color depends on it. Our collective future depends on it.
The field of social work has a code of ethics that indicates that social workers should not only be competent as it pertains to diversity and cultural issues, but should also not "practice, condone, facilitate, or collaborate with any form of discrimination on the basis of race" (National Association of Social Workers, 2017, p. 27). With social justice being a core value of the social work profession and one that all social workers should advocate for and fight to preserve, the NASW Code of Ethics states social workers should:
(b) Act to expand choice and opportunity for all people, with special regard for vulnerable, disadvantaged, oppressed, and exploited people and groups.
(c) Social workers should promote conditions that encourage respect for cultural and social diversity within the United States and globally. Social workers should promote policies and practices that demonstrate respect for difference, support the expansion of cultural knowledge and resources, advocate for programs and institutions that demonstrate cultural competence, and promote policies that safeguard the rights of and confirm equity and social justice for all people.
(d) Social workers should act to prevent and eliminate domination of, exploitation of, and discrimination against any person, group, or class on the basis of race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, marital status, political belief, religion, immigration status, or mental or physical ability (National Association of Social Workers, 2017, p. 36).
Social justice is also a value of many in the nonprofit sector. Thus, the belief is to practice, defend, and uphold all aspects of racial equity within the profession. While it is the responsibility for all social workers to uphold these values and be culturally competent, it is especially critical that White social workers, who are the majority in this profession, continue to do the internal and external work to understand the role race places in society and to do their part to dismantle racist and oppressive systems (Loya, 2012).
DiAngelo (2018) suggests that White people must get comfortable with being uncomfortable in order to do their part to examine their role in upholding racist systems. Well, it's time to get uncomfortable. White social workers do not know what it is like to live as a person of color in a racist society, and as a result, may have blind spots and implicit biases that impact their ability to build a race equity culture. Maintenance of a culturally competent practice is no longer enough in today's society. A failure to take explicit action to promote race equity is equivalent to maintaining and supporting oppressive and racist systems.
Social workers, we have an opportunity to actualize our commitment to social justice by committing to building a race equity culture within our organizations and advocating for broader policy change in our society. In his book, How to be an Antiracist, Dr. Ibram Kendi states:
Success. The dark road we fear. Where antiracist power and policy predominate. Where equal opportunities and thus outcomes exist between the equal groups. Where people blame policy, not people, for societal problems. Where nearly everyone has more than they have today. Where racist power lives on the margins, like antiracist power does today. Where antiracist ideas are common sense like racist ideas are today. Neither failure nor success is written. The story of our generation will be based on what we are willing to do. Are we willing to endure the grueling fight against racist power and policy? Are we willing to transform the antiracist power we gather within us to antiracist power in our society? (p. 218)
We have an opportunity as people and as a profession to do what is right, to no longer be on the sidelines when it comes to speaking up and making decisions but to be on the frontline when it comes to redesigning and recreating just systems.
Let's get to work. Our collective action and solidarity are needed. #BlackLivesMatter
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). COVID-19 in racial and ethnic minority groups. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/racial-ethnic-minorities.html
DiAngelo, R. (2018). White fragility: Why it's so hard for white people to talk about racism. Beacon Press.
Kendi, I. (2019). How to be an antiracist. First Edition. One World.
Loya, M. (2012). Racial attitudes in white social workers: Implications for culturally sensitive practice. https://bit.ly/2M7hTLV
National Association of Social Workers. (2017). Code of ethics of the national association of social workers. https://www.socialworkers.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=ms_ArtLqzeI%3D&portalid=0
National Association of Social Workers. (2020). About social workers. https://www.socialworkers.org/News/Facts/Social-Workers
Reich, R. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic shines a light on a new kind of class divide and its inequalities. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/25/covid-19-pandemic-shines-a-light-on-a-new-kind-of-class-divide-and-its-inequalities?utm_term=Autofeed&CMP=twt_gu&utm_medium&utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1587878684
Lakeya Cherry, DSW, MSSW, is the Chief Executive Officer of The Network for Social Work Management, an international membership organization dedicated to strengthening social work leadership in health and human services. She earned her Master of Science in Social Work from Columbia University and her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and Legal Studies from the University of California at Santa Cruz. Dr. Cherry earned her Doctorate in Social Work from the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work.
Social Work Profession Racism Social Justice Race Social work ethics
little help needed
I couldn't agree more with the words written in here. However, i cannot help to struggle with "ok then what". all in here is true and yes social workers should be able to do "more" but how? work on my self, ok, then what, make white people uncomfortable? talk race? create alliances? i honestly do not know. I feel like telling me that because i am a social worker i can make change is a lot of pressure, i need a hand, i would appreciate any guidance where do i start and not as individual but as a Social Worker besides of my day to day work what else can I do? This is a question that rumbles in my mind often and i see students coming out of their programs in to practice with all this eager intention to create change but I honestly do not see how can we support that change from our field when we are so limited and conditioned within the oppressive capitalistic system of this country.
Natalia Estrada more than 2 years ago
How to invoke change
Things to actually do: Have conversations with colloquies, friends, and family. Workplace ethics training on things like identifying your biases and icebergs. Write to your representatives about changing things at a local, state, and federal levels. I can't say what to write about, you need to identify what socio-economic changes need addressing in your environment. Look at some stats of white-to-minority social workers, vulnerable population inequities etc. So there are a few actionable items for you to start with. Hope this helps.
Tammy more than 1 year ago
Social Work Allies
Thank you Dr Cherry for this powerful message about our professions ethics and the guidance and path they afford us for responding to racial inequity, injustice and trauma. Our profession is well positioned to shape and contribute to anti-racist efforts, when we embrace our ethics and act consistent with our aspirations.
Jon Swanson more than 2 years ago
Social work support
I'm m so much grateful to hear these information, is well communicated. I am a social worker from Kenya and I think is time for advocate for vulnerable people; to speak about social justice. I'll pass this to my follow social workers (Kenya national association of social workers).
Assumpta Mueni more than 2 years ago
Great read. Thank you so much for this timely message.
Charles G. Muhammad more than 2 years ago
Social Workers; Allies for justice.
Well done, thank you!
Thomas Durante more than 2 years ago
This is a well needed communication to remind us all of what we're here to do as social workers. Striving for diversity, inclusion, & equity (not simply using them as buzzwords) is already built into our foundation. In the words of Rihanna, "Pull up." We can do this.
Makieya Kamara more than 2 years ago
I really valued how you moved beyond typical self care advice or preventative strategies to bring i
Caroline Campbell | Self-Care A-Z: Minding Our Self-Care P's and Q's
What a timely and helpful article on self-care & the P's including pausing and practicing!! I'm all
Pantea Rahimian | Self-Care A-Z: Minding Our Self-Care P's and Q's
Dear readers, Thanks so much to those who have read my commentary and contacted me personally to d
SaraKay Smullens | Review: A League of Their Own (2022 TV Series)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Does anyone know a way to download a full list of expenses? I can see in 'Account transactions' lots of subcategories of expenses e.g. Accounting Fees, but not an option to see a full list. Is this possible?
If you wanted to print a list, you could temporarily add $1 for each account. That way they show up and then export the income statement. After your finished you can delete the transaction. For example, say you have 45 expenses. Using the cash on hand, create an expense for $45. Now split that expense picking each expense and putting $1. Now run an income statement. Each account should show up. export to either pdf or excel. Go back and delete that transaction. Seems like a lot to do for a list but you cannot export the chart of accounts and only accounts with a balance will show up when a report is run.
The only other method I can think of is to open excel or word. Go to chart of accounts/expenses. On each one use the mouse and highlight the account. Hit Ctrl C and then paste to your document. Repeat as often as necessary or just copy the whole page and reformat as necessary.
Last year I worked around it by using the second method you mentioned. Just wondered if I was missing something, hoping for a single download really. Oh well, maybe one day.


In my review of Journey's End I mentioned that there were several moral considerations that fans are discussing. I'll go into a couple in depth here, and talk about my perspective. Feel free to weigh in.
1) Was BlueDoctor morally right, or justified in killing off "all" of the Daleks? And, relatedly, was BrownDoctor right or hypocritical for judging Blue for doing so? Was Brown unfair to Blue on this point, and hence illogical?
First, I would have to say, from my position, that Blue did not act in a morally correct way. First of all, he did not take anyone's life into account when doing so…for example, Dalek Caan explained how he was really helping the situation through Donna…yet, Blue starts destroying everything causing more chaos, and hence, less time to try to save anyone worth saving.
Were there more humans on the Crucible? It's very possible. Of course, there may have been a fast-moving plot point that got by me that mentioned human prisoners all being held somewhere else.
Was there a non-lethal means of containing the Daleks, or stopping them? Surely between Blue, Brown, and DoctorDonna, they could've come up with something. In short, I understand why Blue did it, and his emotional and mental state at the time, but the ends (ending the Dalek threat in that way) does not always justify the means.
And, yes, I believe BrownDoctor was being hypocritical in his reaction to Blue's act. Nine did the same thing, only caused the deaths of others as well. I get that Ten had changed, but was the level of vehemence toward Blue really necessary? I do think that it was Brown's emotions talking, but still. He loves Rose well enough, and she atomized a whole batch of Daleks as Bad Wolf. Brown is treating people inconsistently when it comes to his reactions, and forgiveness to "genocide;" hence is reacting illogically.
The same holds true for his decisions for Blue. BlueDoctor has The Doctor's mind, his memories, his emotions, and yet Brown believes that he has the moral high ground; that he is right, and anything Blue might come up with would be wrong. Again; hypocrisy in action.
IMO, The Doctor actually sets Blue and Rose up to cause more mayhem than if they were to travel with him. Let's face it, Rose was working on a way to rip through dimensions to make her way back to the Doctor, there is nothing to stop her from continuing that research. And who really believes Blue will be content being stuck on Earth against his will? As one commenter on my review post points out, The Doctor even offered to let the Master travel with him, to keep an eye on him, yet he would not do the same for himself.
I do understand that Brown was trying to work something out where everyone would be moderately happy (except for himself), but that does not give him the right to deny those same people a true choice, and it does not guarantee that happiness. A choice freely made is a lot more binding than a forced choice. We can tell, at least from Rose's reaction that she did not want to stay behind, though part of her does indeed care for Blue.
3) Was it morally right for the Doctor to wipe Donna's memories when it apparently was against her will? I say no. Even if it would have killed her, it was not a "suicide" situation. She was not knowingly killing herself, she did not cause her own death, circumstance did. Cancer patients have the right to refuse treatment if they do not believe that the treatment will enhance their life even if it may prolong it.
I also maintain that one of the Doctor's "sins" was one of omission rather than commission. He did not try to convince her, just as he did not really try to convince Rose and Blue. He did not try to calm her down, either verbally, or by joining their two minds. She was left crying and begging "no," as he wiped her memory. There was no, "I'll try to figure out how to restore you," or "I'll look in on you every time I come back," nothing. He decided for her that her mental death was worth saving her from physical death, not only that, but a mental death in the face of terrified refusal.
I do realize this gives the character of Donna another chance to show up later, and I agree with that choice (and think it will happen) ; however, as I pointed out above, to me, it damages the Doctor's character because it was indeed against another's will. I think that he could have calmed her, and convinced her to agree, especially when their minds met. I do hope that this plot point, this occurrence, is mentioned again on the show, with the emotional repercussions of the Doctor's decision coming out.
This is one episode that does raise a lot of debate, which can be fun, as long as we remember that it is, in the end, just a show…though a very good one.


Great news that construction is underway at our latest large-lot masterplanned community The Orchard. Mayor Jenny Hill joined Shawn and Pene from Elements North Queensland to plant a lime tree onsite to mark the occasion.
The Orchard has a real focus on landscaping using things like orange and lemon trees at the entry statement to provide a unique point of difference and a country style setting. With huge new homesites, The Orchard is a place you can have your shed, boat and even some chooks!
© Copyright 2016. Elements NQ, All Rights Reserved.


Warwick Audio specialises in the development of High Precision Electrostatic Laminate audio transducers for the automotive and headphone markets. The company raised finance for a second time on SyndicateRoom in 2017, overfunding to £2,131,030.
The company is planning to use the funds for inventory purchases, core technology development, prototyping, and marketing, as well as management and legal costs.
The second fundraising round was covered by a number of sources, the highlight of which can be found below.


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Amy M. Levine
What determines who's arrested in Ohio domestic violence cases?
On behalf of Amy M. Levine & Associates, Attorneys At Law, LLC | Aug 21, 2014 | Domestic Violence
Cases involving alleged domestic violence are among the most complicated and often confusing that can be brought to the courts in Ohio. That can be especially true if the violence erupts out of issues related to a divorce or child custody dispute. The reasons are many.
To begin with, it doesn't take much to spark an arrest for possible domestic violence. The Ohio criminal code makes clear that police have broad authority to arrest individuals in such cases. And one of the factors that they can cite for taking action is the mere expression of fear of physical harm by one or the other party involved.
The code suggests the existence of just that one condition shouldn't be the only factor considered when authorities are deciding how to proceed, but that doesn't mean it doesn't happen.
There is no intention in this observation to suggest that domestic violence crimes are over-enforced. Victims of violence and abuse deserve to have confidence that they are protected under the law. But in light of the how easy it can be to spark such a charge, it is equally important for those accused to know that they are entitled to a strong legal defense of their rights.
The specifics of the Ohio legal code put the issue in the context of what's called a preferred arrest. That means that when police are called to respond to alleged domestic violence, they have the power to arrest both individuals if they want. But the code says they should lean toward taking into custody only the one they consider to be the primary physical aggressor.
Factors, besides expressed fear of harm, they are supposed to consider include:
Any history either party might have of domestic violence
Whether they think one or the other of the individuals was driven to act in self defense
Comparing the severity of injuries the individuals appear to have suffered
This puts officers in a position of having to effectively exercise judgment before any charge has been filed or trial held. And that only reinforces that a person charged should be contacting an attorney.
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Chen Peixun or Chan Pui-fang (; December 7, 1921 – February 25, 2007) was a Chinese composer.

Born in Hong Kong, he studied piano, organ and composition in HK and Shanghai. His teachers include Tan Xiaolin, a pupil of Paul Hindemith. He taught at the Central Music Conservatory in Beijing after 1949.

Chen made important contribution to the Chinese symphonic music of the 20th century. He composed three symphonies. No. 1 is called My Motherland, the first movement of which, entitled Aria of Snow, was used in the video game Civilization V. No. 2 is entitled Qingming Ji (Rites of Qingming). No. 3 is entitled Mei Song Zan (Ode to Plums and Pines).

Some of his piano works are also very popular with Chinese pianists. Frequently played are Hantian Lei (Thunder in Dryness) and Mai Zahuo (The Street Vendor), arranged from Cantonese folk melodies.

In 2007, Chen Peixun died in Shenzhen.

References

1922 births
2007 deaths
20th-century classical composers
Chinese classical composers
People's Republic of China composers
Hong Kong composers
British Hong Kong emigrants to China

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Continuing the current suggestions from listeners about the ten essential jazz records, Alyn Shipton presents another selection of candidates.
Performer: George Lewis. Performer: Jim Robinson. Performer: Lawrence Marrero. Performer: Slow Drag Pavageau. Performer: Baby Dodds. Performer: Bunk Johnson.
Rare and Unissued Masters Vol 1.
Performer: Dave Shepherd. Performer: Pete Strange. Performer: Brian Lemon. Performer: Jim Douglas. Performer: Arthur Watts. Performer: Lennie Hastings. Performer: Freddy Randall.
Freddie Randall and his Famous Jazz Band.
Performer: Dave Green. Performer: Allan Ganley. Performer: Brian Lemon.
Performer: Buck Clayton. Performer: Frank Wess & Harry Edison Orchestra. Performer: Ed Lewis. Performer: Dan Minor. Performer: Benny Morton. Performer: Dicky Wells. Performer: Earle Warren. Performer: Lester Young. Performer: Herschel Evans. Performer: Jack Washington. Performer: Freddie Green. Performer: Walter Page. Performer: Count Basie.
Performer: Buck Clayton. Performer: Freddie Green. Performer: Walter Page. Performer: Jo Jones. Performer: Lester Young. Performer: Teddy Wilson. Performer: Benny Goodman.
Performer: Stéphane Grappelli. Performer: Jack Llewellyn. Performer: Allan Hodgkiss. Performer: Coleridge Goode. Performer: Django Reinhardt.
Performer: Paul Desmond. Performer: Eugene Wright. Performer: Joe Morello. Performer: Dave Brubeck.
Performer: Rico Rodriguez. Performer: Ed Jones. Performer: John Miles. Performer: Christine Brewer. Performer: Leyton Greening. Performer: Ben Hazelton. Performer: Sebastian Rochford. Performer: Damon Brown.
Performer: Bobby Shew. Performer: Charles Findley. Performer: Yoshito Murakami. Performer: John Scottile. Performer: Jim Trimble. Performer: Ron Myers. Performer: Bill Wimberly. Performer: Quinn Davis. Performer: Ernie Watts. Performer: Marty Flax. Performer: Jay Corre. Performer: Robert Keller. Performer: Richie Resnicoff. Performer: Ray Starling. Performer: Jim Gannon. Performer: Buddy Rich.


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Trevor Noah Is Leaving 'The Daily Show'
It's a shock, but the rumors appear to be true. After 7 years of hosting The Daily Show, Trevor Noah is on the way out. According to Decider, the announcement — which happened at a taping of tonight's show — also came as a surprise to the staff.
Admittedly, this isn't the same size earthquake as when Jon Stewart left in 2015, but that's only because Stewart made an indelible mark on the show after taking over from Craig Kilborn. Stewart was synonymous with The Daily Show, and his spirit will always be there casting a nostalgic shadow over it. Yet Noah made the show his own, delivering comedy and trenchant political jabs with a trademarked coolness that defied the divisive and sometimes forehead-smackingly insipid guests he had on. It's true that ratings dropped when Noah took over, and have dropped again as of 2020 following a period of growing popularity for the comedian and the new style of the show, but it's unclear whether that's a factor in his exit. His contract with the show and Comedy Central is up this year, and it remains to be seen whether Comedy Central believes that a new host will change the trajectory of the show, or whether The Daily Show has a future at all.
If it does, the big question is who will take over behind the desk? If they pull from in-house (as they did with Noah), the current list of contributors includes Roy Wood, Jr., Desi Lydic, Ronny Chieng, Michael Kosta, and Dulce Sloan, but viral hitmaker Jordan Klepper hasn't been away from the show that long. If they pull from outside, the possibilities are endless.
For now, we'll have to wait and see what we get for Noah's final moment of Zen. You can watch Noah's announcement in the video above.
(via Decider)
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The national service items are despatched to Algeria, they usually stay there seven years with no outcome. Violence has changed its route. Once we were victorious we practiced it without its seeming to change us; it broke down the others, but for us men our humanism remained intact. United by their profits, the peoples of the mother international locations baptized their commonwealth of crimes, calling them fraternity and love; immediately violence, blocked in all places, comes back on us by our troopers, comes inside and takes possession of us. Involution starts; the native re-creates himself, and we, settlers and Europeans, ultras and liberals we break up.
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On reflection I would say that the venture was profitable. I was able to catalogue and preserve the case notes properly inside the allotted time. As you can see, in the 'earlier than' image, case notes took up a whole shelf and their original state on the shelf was not ultimate for long term preservation. Of their rehoused state they're protected and secure, and so they take up far much less shelf house. This can be a constructive outcome for the College Collections Facility Rationalisation Project, whose purpose is to be sure that collections held outdoors the principle library are stored appropriately and accessible for the future. Additionally, studying conservation skills was very worthwhile as it now forces me to consider the needs of the bodily doc quite than focusing purely on the content material.


Many argue that the financial sector is in dire need of reform but there is always the danger of solving one problem by creating another. This column outlines the findings of the Committee for International Economic Policy and Reform. It takes stock of the traditional case for financial liberalisation and asks which principles have withstood the test of recent events and which ones now need re-thinking.
The textbook case for financial integration is well known. It allows capital to flow from capital-rich to capital-poor economies, where returns should be higher. These flows complement limited domestic saving in capital-poor countries and reduce their cost of capital, boosting investment and growth. Financial integration may also be a buffer against shocks and carry "collateral" or indirect benefits to do with managerial and organisational expertise, or better governance of local firms. Some allowance for a slower pace of financial integration was sometimes made for developing or emerging economies, citing their weaker institutions and more limited capacity to absorb and benefit fully from the inflows of capital, but the ideal of full capital account convertibility should still served as the North Star that emerging economy policymakers should navigate by, even if they steer close to land initially so as to avoid the perils of the open ocean that only advanced economy ships can navigate safely.
However, the subprime crisis in the US and capital flow reversals and the banking crisis in Europe, have shaken faith that even advanced economies can harness the benefits of greater financial flows and deepening without incurring costs (Allen et al. 2011). The advanced-countries that have been swept up first by the subprime crisis and now by the Eurozone crisis are not the stereotypical emerging economies with weak institutions. Spain, for example, ranks high on traditional yardsticks of financial development such as the ratio of commercial bank assets to GDP, or of financial integration such as cross-border liabilities as a proportion of GDP. And yet, those same measures of financial integration and development that were held up as yardsticks of progress have turned out instead to be the engines of financial distress as capital flow reversals have gathered pace in Europe. In contrast, it has been the emerging economies with what were presumed to have 'weak' institutions and underdeveloped financial markets that have best weathered the storm.
These topsy-turvy outcomes have been disorienting for those who believed in the desirability of moving toward the ideal of liberalised, open financial markets in incremental steps.
The Committee for International Economic Policy and Reform of which we are a part (whose members are listed below) has just issued a report (CIEPR 2012) that takes stock of the traditional case for financial liberalisation and offer our perspective on which principles have withstood the test of recent events and which ones now need re-thinking. In our 2011 report, Rethinking Central Banking, we made the case for a broader mandate for central banks and for monetary policy coordination. In this year's report, we lay out a complementary framework for cross-border banking flows and for improved regulatory coordination.
The traditional policy prescription is that the benefits of capital flows can be reaped by removing the impediments to unfettered capital movements one by one. However recent experience, especially the capital flow reversals in Europe, has shown that even advanced economies may be vulnerable to the unintended consequences of capital account liberalisation when the procyclicality inherent in capital flows is not adequately addressed.
The procyclicality of capital flows can in principle be addressed through coordinated global regulation and globally coordinated monetary policy. However, in practice such coordination is not straightforward to design or implement, even when the interests of countries overlap or are congruent. And even when coordination is globally optimal, it may generate tensions with the valued prerogative of national governance.
Given the obstacles to global coordination, countries may have little choice but to design frameworks that mitigate the risks of cross-border flows at the national level. We provide a number of recommendations from the perspective of nation policymakers.
The policymaker's goal is to reap the benefits from cross-border capital flows while guarding against potential financial stability costs. Reaping the benefits requires, first and foremost, resisting vested interests that push for barriers to capital flows as a way of avoiding necessary structural reforms and fiscal adjustments. Good macroeconomic and structural policies form the bedrock of financial stability.
Guarding against financial instability starts with keeping track of the complete matrix of gross cross-border capital flows and gross external asset and liability positions. Focusing on net flows is not enough. The detailed features of national balance sheets, at the level of gross flows, determine whether financial integration promotes risk sharing across countries or increases financial contagion.
Persistent current-account imbalances pose financial stability risks and have implications for the sustainability of net external asset positions. Discussions of global rebalancing should be linked to the broader debate on capital flows, including specifically the connections between capital flows and financial stability, the procyclical nature of such flows, and the role of monetary policy spillovers in magnifying that procyclicality.
FDI and equity portfolio investment are conducive to increased international risk sharing and tend to be stabilising. In contrast, credit flows, which are not always conducive to efficient risk sharing, have a greater potential to be destabilising. Therefore, current biases in favour of debt financing over equity financing should be reduced.
Most cross-border capital flows are channelled through global banks and are heavily procyclical. The pro-cyclical nature of cross-border bank-intermediated credit flows has given rise to serious economic and financial instabilities. Effective regulation of cross-border banking is essential for domestic and global financial stability in a highly financially integrated world economy.
The organisational and financial structure of global banks is important for the transmission of imbalances and therefore requires careful regulatory attention. Banks that are funded by stable deposits or long-term funding pose the least risk. In contrast, banks that rely on short-term wholesale funding represent a greater risk, irrespective of whether they are domestically-owned or branches/subsidiaries of foreign banks.
Globally enforced financial regulation together with global monetary policy coordination can reduce distortions sufficiently to allow countries to reap the benefits of capital flows while limiting risks to stability. In practice, however, political realities are likely to complicate multilateral discussions of banking regulation, while monetary policy tends to be conducted with domestic rather than global imperatives in mind.
The incremental liberalisation of capital flows in the pursuit of the ideal of the frictionless first best outcome has not worked as advertised. The crisis in the EZ shows that the flaws with the incremental first best approach are not simply a result of underdeveloped or inadequate domestic institutions, as traditionally argued in the emerging market and developing country context.
Given the difficulties of attaining a unified global regulatory framework and efficiently coordinating monetary policies across countries, governments may need to resort to a Second Best approach in which they seek to actively manage capital flows. Macroprudential policies can play a key role in this process by imposing targeted regulations on banks engaged in cross-border activities.
Macroprudential policies should operate on both the asset side of a bank's balance sheet, such as LTV and DTI caps, and the liability side, through devices such as levies on the non-core liabilities. These policies should attempt to influence balance sheet management by banks through instruments such as countercyclical capital requirements.
For the EZ, the First Best may still be attainable through sufficiently robust financial regulation together with banking integration. Full banking union with a single regulator, as has been proposed recently by the European Commission, would be an effective means to this end.
Alternatively, national banking systems that are conservatively regulated at the national level—for instance, through macro-prudential measures that limit banks' reliance on short-term wholesale funding – would help moderate capital flows that could otherwise exacerbate procyclical behaviour and generate risks. But the middle ground of fragmented financial systems with unimpeded capital flows has been shown by recent events to be untenable.
Editor's Note: Banks and Cross-Border Capital Flows: Policy Challenges and Regulatory Responses, published by the Brookings Institution, is the second annual report of the Committee for International Economic Policy and Reform (CIEPR), comprised of Markus Brunnermeier, Jose De Gregorio, Barry Eichengreen, Mohamed El-Erian, Arminio Fraga, Takatoshi Ito, Philip Lane, Jean Pisani-Ferry, Eswar Prasad, Raghuram Rajan, Maria Ramos, Helene Rey, Dani Rodrik, Kenneth Rogoff, Hyun Song Shin, Andres Velasco, Beatrice Weder di Mauro and Yongding Yu.
Allen, Franklin, Thorsten Beck, Wolf Wagner, Philip Lane, Dirk Schoenmaker, and Elena Carletti (2011), "Cross-Border Banking in Europe: Implications for Financial Stability and Macroeconomic Policies", VoxEU.org, 20 June.


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May 26, 2010 3:47PM EDT
Vietnam: Stop Cyber Attacks Against Online Critics
Government Crackdown on Bloggers and Websites
Writer Ha Si Phu's blog and website (http://hasiphu.com/baivietmoi_38.html_) has been plagued by periodic cyber attacks. In May, authorities disconnected his internet and telephone service on the grounds that he had used his telephone lines to transmit "anti-government" information.
(New York) - Vietnam has launched a sophisticated and sustained two-pronged attack against online dissent, Human Rights Watch said today. The government is detaining and intimidating independent Vietnamese bloggers while also permitting cyber attacks from Vietnam to disable websites critical of the government.
In the past two months, Vietnamese authorities detained at least seven independent bloggers, subjecting them to extended interrogations and, in some instances, physical abuse. This intensified harassment has coincided with systematic cyber attacks targeting websites operated by some of these bloggers and other activists in Vietnam and abroad. The most damaging attacks are deploying "botnets" - malware disguised as software to support a Vietnamese-language keyboard - to spy on individual users and to carry out crippling denial-of-service attacks against websites. The attacks were confirmed by Google as well as McAfee, a major internet security firm.
"The government targets these internet writers simply because they voice independent opinions, criticize government policies, and expose wrongdoing," said Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director at Human Rights Watch. "Evidently the government is worried that these bloggers will reveal the inside story of government abuse and corruption, and report on incidents and issues it prevents from appearing in the state controlled media."
Detention of Bloggers
The following are some of the recent incidents in which bloggers were detained:
On May 8, 2010, provincial authorities terminated the telephone and internet service at the home of Ha Si Phu, one of Vietnam's best known dissident bloggers. Ha Si Phu's telephone service was disconnected at the written instructions of the Bureau of Information and Media, based on a police investigation alleging that he had used his telephone lines to transmit "anti-government" information. Since the beginning of 2010, Ha Si Phu's blog and website have been plagued by periodic cyber attacks.
On May 1, police detained two bloggers, Vu Quoc Tu (also known as Uyen Vu) and Ho Diep (also known as Trang Dem), at Tan Son Nhat airport in Ho Chi Minh City as the couple was boarding a plane to Bangkok for their honeymoon. The police held and interrogated them for hours and forbade them from traveling abroad, contending the restriction was based on reasons of national security.
On the morning of April 28, Lu Thi Thu Trang, an internet activist associated with the pro-democracy group Block 8406, was beaten by police officers in front of her 5-year-old son. The police then took her to the police station and detained her for seven hours, interrogating her and repeatedly hitting her on her neck and face.
Another blogger, Ta Phong Tan, has been detained at least three times during the last month, the last time on May 9. On April 20, police forced their way into her home in Ho Chi Minh City, took her to the police station for interrogation, and later released her. Ta Phong Tan is a former policewoman who blogs about corruption and injustice in the Vietnamese legal system. "Just like the last time [April 13]," she reported on her blog, "I was not allowed to wash my face or brush my teeth. I was barefoot and in my pajamas when I was taken into custody."
On April 17, police detained and interrogated Phan Thanh Hai - a blogger known as AnhBaSG who frequently reports on illegal land seizures - and Le Tran Luat, the defense lawyer for Catholics at Hanoi's Thai Ha Church protesting government confiscation of church properties. They were released after several hours of interrogation.
Attacks on Websites
Meanwhile, both Google and McAfee found that the attacks on dissident websites facilitated by botnets are primarily coming from Vietnam. McAfee, which discovered the botnet when it was investigating the "Operation Aurora" cyber attacks originating from China earlier this year, stated it believes the attacks on Chinese and Vietnamese sites are unrelated.
In a blog on March 30, the McAfee chief technical officer, George Kurtz, wrote: "The rogue keyboard driver ... connected the infected machines to a network of compromised computers. During our investigation into the botnet we found about a dozen command and control systems for the network of hijacked PCs. The command and control servers were predominantly being accessed from IP [Internet Protocol] addresses in Vietnam."
Kurtz continued that "we believe that the perpetrators may have political motivations and may have some allegiance to the government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ... This incident underscores that not every attack is motivated by data theft or money. This is likely the latest example of hacktivism and politically motivated cyber attacks."
Neel Mehta from Google's security team wrote in his security blog: "This particular malware broadly targeted Vietnamese computer users around the world. The malware infected the computers of potentially tens of thousands of users who downloaded Vietnamese keyboard language software. These infected machines have been used both to spy on their owners as well as participate in distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks against blogs containing messages of political dissent. Specifically, these attacks have tried to squelch opposition to bauxite mining efforts in Vietnam, an important and emotionally charged issue in the country."
A Vietnamese government spokesperson dismissed Google and McAfee's allegations as "groundless."
But there is evidence that challenges the government's claims, Human Rights Watch said. Websites that have been bombarded by hundreds of attacks recently - including the political commentary website Thong Luan (www.thongluan.org) and a Catholic website, Dong Chua Cuu The Viet Nam (www.dcctvn.net) - traced some of the attacks to the IP address for Viettel, a state-owned telecommunication company operated by Vietnam's Defense Ministry.
Since all IP addresses in Vietnam are owned and controlled by state-owned Internet Service Providers (ISP), it is the responsibility of the Vietnamese government and its ISPs to put an end to cyber attacks sourced to IP addresses in Vietnam, Human Rights Watch said.
"The Vietnamese government needs to end the ongoing barrage of cyber attacks originating from IP addresses in Vietnam, even if it means shutting down addresses that may have been hijacked by botnets and are being used fraudulently," Robertson said.
Since September 2009, attacks are known to have been mounted on more than two dozen Vietnamese websites and blogs, ranging from sites operated by Catholics criticizing government confiscation of church properties, to political discussion forums and opposition party sites, to an environmentalist site opposed to bauxite mining.
Vietnamese officials have openly admitted that the government is shutting down websites. At a national news conference on May 5, Lt. Gen. Vu Hai Trieu, deputy director of General Department 2 of the Public Security Ministry, proudly announced to several hundred Vietnamese media representatives that the department had "destroyed 300 bad internet web pages and individual blogs."
Sites that are subject to ongoing cyber attacks include boxitevn.info, blogosin.org, caotraonhanban.com, danchimviet.com, danluan.org, doi-thoai.com, dangvidan.org, dcctvn.net, hasiphu.com, minhbien.org, talawas.org, thongluan.org, viettan.org, ykien.net, vietbaosaigon.com, and x-cafevn.org. While some of these sites began operating inside Vietnam, the cyber attacks have forced most to relocate to servers outside of the country.
"This extensive attack originating in Vietnam shows just how intolerant the Vietnamese government is to peaceful criticism at home and from abroad," Robertson said. "Rather than allowing the internet to be used to carry out cyber attacks, spy on bloggers, and cripple the websites of online critics, the Vietnamese government should ensure that the internet remains a vehicle for peaceful expression, communication, and learning."
Other Repressive Measures
While the DDoS attacks represent a new instrument of repression, the Vietnamese government has long deployed firewalls against international news and human rights websites such as Human Rights Watch, Voice of America, and Radio Free Asia. In the last six months, firewalls have been extended to the Vietnamese service of the BBC and to the popular social networking site Facebook.
In addition, the Vietnamese government monitors and controls internet expression through an internet surveillance unit in the Ministry of Public Security, and with internet surveillance software and strict regulations. Internet cafe owners are required to obtain photo identification from internet users, monitor and store information about their online activities, and block access to banned websites. In April, the government issued new regulations requiring installation of internet monitoring software developed by the National University of Vietnam in computers in all internet cafes in Hanoi by the end of 2011.
Ministry of Information Circular No. 7, issued in December 2008, requires bloggers to restrict their postings to personal content, and bans posting articles about politics or issues the government considers state secrets, subversive, or threats to national security and social order.
"These blatant efforts by the Vietnamese government to suppress free and open debate on the internet is yet another sad example of the government's hostility toward free speech and other basic human rights," Robertson said.
Annex:
Incidents in which internet activists have been harassed, detained, and jailed during the past six months include:
May 9: Police arrest blogger Ta Phong Tan as she leaves a Sunday mass with a friend and detain her for nine hours. Police also detain and threaten the friend for "being in touch with a dangerous figure."
May 8: Provincial authorities terminate the telephone and internet service at the home of Ha Si Phu, a prominent dissident in Da Lat.
May 1: Police detain bloggers Vu Quoc Tu (Uyen Vu) and Ho Diep (Trang Dem) at Tan Son Nhat airport in Ho Chi Minh City and forbid them to leave the country.
April 28: Police detain and interrogate Block 8406 activists Do Nam Hai and Lu Thi Thu Trang, as well as Duong Thi Tan, wife of the jailed blogger Nguyen Hoang Hai (Dieu Cay).
April 20: Police interrogate Ta Phong Tan for more than nine hours. The head of a newly opened law firm receives warnings and is pressured not to hire Le Tran Luat, the lawyer for the Catholic group, as an assistant in a newly opened law firm.
April 17: Police interrogate Phan Thanh Hai (who blogs as AnhBaSG) for three hours.
April 15: Officials pressure Le Tran Luat's landlord to terminate his rental contract.
April 5: Officials summon a geophysicist, Nguyen Thanh Giang, for questioning by the police about his advisory role in the online magazine To Quoc (Fatherland). Hackers hack and steal the email address of the editorial board of the website www.doithoai.org..
April 3: Hackers break into the internet accounts (including Skype and Yahoo Messenger) of the blogger Bui Thanh Hieu (who blogs as Nguoi Buon Gio, or "Wind Merchant"). Ho Chi Minh city police also detained and interrogated him for a week in early March and for 10 days in August 2009, after he posted blogs criticizing the government's policies toward China, bauxite mining in the Central Highlands, and disputes with Catholics over church properties.
March 23: Ho Chi Minh City police detain and interrogate Ta Phong Tan for four days and Phan Thanh Hai (AnhBaSG) for more than two days.
March 23: A mob identifying themselves as "army veterans" harass Pham Hong Son, a physician formerly imprisoned for his internet writings, at his home in Hanoi. A member of the mob threatens him, saying, "Stop writing what you write or we won't leave you alone."
March 17-19: Police interrogate editorial members of the online magazine To Quoc, including Nguyen Thanh Giang; Nguyen Phuong Anh, an engineer; Pham Que Duong, a retired army officer; and Nguyen Thuong Long, a teacher, about their roles in the magazine.
March 4: Police refuse to grant a passport to a blogger, Nguyen Ngoc Nhu Quynh, who writes under the name of Me Nam (Mother Mushroom). She was previously detained for a week in August 2009 for her online postings criticizing the government's policies toward China. Local police continue to pressure her to shut down her blog.
February 5: Tran Khai Thanh Thuy, a writer and member of the editorial board of To Quoc, is sentenced to three and a half years in prison. The day of her trial, three popular blogs - Blog Osin (blogosin.org), Đan Chim Viet (danchimviet.com), and Minh Bien (www.minhbien.org) - crash after being hacked. In addition, the email accounts of Pham Thi Hoai, editor in chief of Talawas blog, and a blogger-journalist, Huy Duc (Osin), are hacked.
January 29: An activist writer, Pham Thanh Nghien, is sentenced to four years in prison.
January 27: Multi-party activists Le Cong Dinh, Nguyen Tien Trung, Le Thang Long, and Tran Huynh Duy Thuc are sentenced to prison sentences ranging from 5 to 16 years for their writings published on the internet and other peaceful activities.
January 19: A political discussion forum, X-café, suffers denial-of-service attacks and is unable to operate for several days.
January 13: Police search the house of the co-founder of the Bauxite Vietnam website, Nguyen Hue Chi, confiscate his computer, and then interrogate him daily until January 30.
December 31, 2009: The Gmail accounts of Nguyen Hue Chi and of Phung Lien Doan, an important contributor to the Bauxite Vietnam website, are hacked and fake letters are sent from both accounts to a large Vietnamese email list.
December 27, 2009: A hacker invents an email very similar to the one used by Bauxite Vietnam's co-founder Pham Toan and sends out a fake message to a large email list, alleging internal conflicts among the board of editors of Bauxite Vietnam.
December 21, 2009: The websites talawas.org and boxitevn.info are hacked. Readers who visit these two websites find identical messages left behind by the hacker ("Due to technical reasons, Talawas [Bauxite Vietnam] is closed forever.").
Vietnamese bloggers
Ha Si Phu
Uyen Vu
Trang Dem
Bloc 8406
Ta Phong Tan
AnhBaSG
Le Tran Luat
May 10, 2010 News Release
Vietnam: Overturn Conviction of Peaceful Democracy Activists
February 4, 2010 News Release
China: Free Tibetans Unjustly Imprisoned
New Compendium of About 80 Long-Term Cases


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Concert Reviews & Galleries
Resurget Magazine
Posted August 13, 2020 by Kailey Howell	Detroit
Livonia native Dan Cameron releases new single "Rock to my Roll"
Country artist Dan Cameron released his latest single, "Rock to my Roll" last week. The new single was written in collaboration with Solomon Philcox-Littlefield (guitarist featured with Luke Combs, Sam Hunt, Tim McGraw.)
Cameron grew up in Livonia, Michigan and currently resides in Nashville, Tennessee. He recorded the single with fellow Michigan native Brandon McLeod, the owner of 222 Studio Recording.
You can stream the single on Spotify, and well as his earlier 2020 single, "Love Fades" featuring Nate Smith.
Resurget caught up with Cameron to talk about the new release and the work behind it.
Resurget Magazine: Congrats on the release of "Rock to my Roll!"
Dan Cameron: Thank you so much, we are definitely excited about this one!
Can you tell me about your inspiration behind the song, lyrically and with sound?
DC: For sure! Ultimately, "Rock to my Roll" was a song that I had an idea for in the middle of last year, but had trouble figuring out how I wanted to portray the imagery within the track. After rewriting, re-organizing, etc. multiple times, the track finally developed into my vision! In the aspect of inspiration, I would say that "Rock to my Roll" has a big tie in with the emotional and nostalgic pieces of the Rock n' Roll genre. I mean, Rock n' Roll has influenced so many generations of people, relationships and allowed artists to create intense emotion over the decades since its birth. It's truly inspirational from that aspect alone, however, the song also intertwines the concept of love, ultimately pairing it to a vintage sound.
What was it like collaborating with Solomon Philcox-Littlefield? Was this your first time working together? How did the process go?
DC: Ahhh, Sol! I love that dude! So, Solomon, better known as Sol, happened to be my neighbor here in Nashville after moving from a downtown apartment. Not knowing who he was or what he even did, we subsequently became friends after chatting a few times outside in passing. Over time, the more and more we hung out, the more I was able to see how incredible and talented he is, and that's an understatement. He by far is the most selfless, most talented guitar player in Nashville and I am so sincerely grateful for what he has done for me. This was our first project together, but the good news is that there is more in the works! The process of working together is unbelievable to say the least. Candidly, I wish I had more words on that. It's just an absolute incredible experience working with Sol. Shout out, Sol!
In your opinion, how has your work progressed since your debut release?
DC: As far as my songwriting goes, it has progressed significantly. I have an EP we are working on finishing and hoping to have a December release date. The thing about music for me is that I am a student of it. There's always so much to learn, and with every song I write and put out, the more I know and the more I am able to work harder and refine the process on the next song. The songs we have in the works now are a very different sound compared to much of the music I've released in the past. With that being said, we are so incredibly excited to get all of the new music done and out!
If there was one thing that you wanted fans to understand through your work, what would it be?
DC: Oof, I love this question! For me personally, most of my songwriting comes from personal experiences which really lends itself to authenticity in my music. Another aspect of my music, which took me a long time to understand, is that I want to convey that our problems, experiences, and concerns, although individualized, typically never exist in isolation. Or put in another way, we are never alone. There is someone else in the world that is going through, or has gone through, what you are, and I want to be able to connect to that person and try and help in any way I can. In the past, this concept really connected with me and is the main drive for creating similar music.
You're currently based in Nashville but grew up in Livonia – did that shift cause a change in your creative process at all?
DC: Definitely! So, in June of last year, I moved to Nashville to seek out a new opportunity with a company. Prior to my move, I lived in Virginia for two years attending college at Shenandoah University. After which, I moved between Australia and Europe for a year playing professional baseball. Naturally, music had been something I always did as a hobby. I always loved writing music, especially country music, so it was something I always kept up during my travelling. After coming home for a few months, a job opportunity came up in Nashville. I figured it was a great opportunity since Nashville was always a dream destination, so it was really a no-brainer to move here and pursue both my career and music. Both definitely keep me busy! No doubt about that!
You note that you have known Brandon since high school, what is it like working together?
DC: Working with Brandon… well, without him, music may have not existed in my life the way it has. Brandon and I were friends long before high school, which is a blessing itself. We date back to about kindergarten and always had "shows" in his basement, playing in a band in my garage, and even down to having the same guitar instructor for a while. Shout out, Aaron! Watching him turn his passion into his own studio has been amazing to see. Long story short, I could go on for hours, but working with Brandon is a blessing! I highly recommend him to anyone in the music world!
Can we expect more releases in 2020? Is there any that you can tell us about?
DC: Most definitely! As I mentioned earlier, we are currently working on a new EP! We are hoping to have this done by December as long as everything is able to continue smoothly with the current events. I'm just so excited for this new material, and even that's an understatement. The lyrical content behind these new songs is incredible with so much depth. The instrumentation has more of a modern feel with some entangled classic country and rock roots. We've really been keen on experimenting with incorporating different sounds and textures into my music to create depth and ear-catching melodies and rhythms. Lastly, I have to give a ton of credit to the people I write with the most too. Namely, Derek Bowen and Steve Latkovic. They truly push me to become a better songwriter and musician! So, thank you guys for all of your help! It is immensely appreciated!
You can follow Dan Cameron on Facebook and stream his music on Spotify.
Detroit, Features, Interviews, Music
222 Studio Recording, Dan Cameron, detroit, Interviews
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Resurget Magazine Livonia native Dan Cameron releases new single "Rock to my Roll"


It was no surprise that Ontario and Quebec are the leading beneficiaries of economic activity in the paint and coatings industry at 36 percent and 23.9 percent, respectively. More than 60 percent of Canada's population lives in the two largest provinces with the strongest manufacturing base. These two provinces also account for the lion's share of both revenue and employment, as one would expect. These key elements are broken down by key players in the coatings industry from raw material suppliers to distributors along the value chain right to the point of sale for the various types of customers.
The study also drilled down on the types of coatings used in all aspects of life on a daily basis for decorating our homes; marking our roads; protecting our buildings and other infrastructure; supporting valuable assets like our plains, trains, ships and automobiles; and many others. The end-use markets for these were analyzed in some detail. Key sectors reviewed included automotive OEM and refinish, architectural, general industrial, coil, industrial maintenance and protective, marine, packaging, powder, transportation, and adhesives and sealants. The relative values for each were analyzed in terms of volume and revenue as well as jobs in all segments.
The strongest segments for the industry in Canada, which are no different from most countries, include architectural, automotive OEM and automotive refinish coatings. These three segments account for nearly 70 percent of the total market value. Other key segments include industrial maintenance (IM) and protective coatings (PC), general industrial, wood and coil. The study focused on sales at the paint company level, broken down for all segments by both volume (litres) and value in (CDN) dollars.
In all segments there are key players driving the economic outputs in addition to the obvious, manufactures. The study looked at the impact of the raw material suppliers, the distributors, plant equipment suppliers, freight companies, paint accessories and related products, retail stores, paint users including DIY and various applicators such as professional contractors and body shops. It also looked at the impact of program operators dealing with paint recycling and stewardship.
The study revealed that the coatings industry, while continuing to address certain challenges, continues to be a stable and steadily growing industry in Canada.


Sayonara Westgate, Hello NorthWest 2!
We're so pleased that our final days at Westgate were good ones. Thank you to everyone who popped in to say good luck with the relocation, and grabbed themselves some NZ made bargains at the same time.
As you know, our Westgate store is now closed and we are all very busy getting the gorgeous new space at NorthWest 2 (on Maki Street) ready to open in early November. We're super excited to show off our new look and believe that everyone involved, from our artists and craftspeople, our staff and you the customer, will enjoy the experience the new place has to offer.


Find your next career opportunity at JobSpin Multilingual Job Fair in Prague!
It doesn't matter whether you are new in town, have already been living in Prague for some time, or are simply looking for a job.
At JobSpin.cz Multilingual Job Fair powered by Prague.TV, you will find a large number of international companies wanting to hire students, graduates and professionals who speak foreign languages.The event takes place on March 3 at the Anglo-American University, Letenská 5.
You can anticipate meeting delegations from companies such as Amazon, CDK, AB inBEV, Honeywell, Expedia, SIRVA, SAP, and many others.
Don't forget your CV. Not only will you have the chance to put your CV in the hands of the people who will actually read it, but you can also ask Grafton Recruitment for advice on how to improve it at their special "CV Consulting Panel", open all day for free consultations for all visitors.
During the event, you can look forward to presentations for job-seekers, assistance for foreigners from relocation experts, and workshops on writing a CV and interview preparation.
Register for your free ticket on the official website and find out more about the event on Facebook.


and a fresh homemade lemonade that will have you counting the days until summer!
There are so many life lessons you can learn from the simplest of things … like a lemon.
To make lemonade, first you need to squeeze and squish the poor little lemon until there isn't much left but the rind.
But then after all the squeezing, squishing, and adding a bit of sugar comes the most delicious and refreshing drink that made it so worth it.
And what would lemon bars be without a bit of fresh zest? All you have to do is scratch the surface of the rind, but it adds the extra zing that make those bars so tasty.
I think life is a lot like lemons.
Sometimes you have to be squished and squeezed until you think you can't take anymore before you realize it was all for something really good for your life.
And sometimes you have to "scratch the surface" of other people to realize how much zing they can add to your own life if you give them a chance.
My daughter loves lemons. She puts slices in her water and tea, and squirts it over shrimp.
But I recently learned of a use for it that made me love lemons too.
Lemons are a natural bleach and can help diminish age spots.
Now I'm keeping our crisper drawer full of them, because I have a few age spots that have been driving me nuts.
I just started using it, so I'll let you know if my experiment is successful.
But in the meantime, I wanted to do something pretty with all my lovely little lemons.
I put together the prettiest and easiest little lemon-inspired spring table centerpiece and made a pitcher full of fresh homemade lemonade. So I'll show how I did both!
Place glass containers in center and corners of the crate.
Tuck as many lemons as you can between all the containers.
Fill each container with tulips. Add baby's breath, daffodils, or flower leaves for fillers.
Last year I used the same drawer to make this Peach Roses & Fruit Filled Centerpiece.


text:
PRIVATE FIRST CLASS TRINIDAD M. LOPEZ II
Private First Class Trinidad M. Lopez was a U.S. Marine who received a Silver Star and Purple Heart for his bravery in the Korean War.
Lopez grew up in Dallas. He had two older half-brothers from his father's previous marriage: Vicente and another sibling named Trinidad (nicknamed "Trini"). As is common in many Chicano families, their father gave identical names to two different sons.
On September 18, 1950 Lopez served as an Automatic Rifleman of Company A, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division (Reinforced). While acting as flank security advancing along the mountains of Seoul-Inchon Highway, Lopez spotted three armed enemies targeting his company.
As described by his brother Vicente Lopez, Private First Class Lopez saw the North Koreans "hiding with a fifty-caliber machine gun . . . waiting to ambush the Americans."
After delivering one round, Lopez's weapon jammed. At that point, according to the Secretary of the Navy, Lopez "threw his gun at the enemy and engaged them in hand-to-hand-combat." He successfully pounced on them, paving the way for their demise.
"I was scared; too scared to run," Lopez told The Dallas Times-Herald in a 1951 interview. "I used a flying tackle–just like in the movies, and then started kicking their heads."
Other members of Lopez's squad rushed to his aid shortly thereafter, taking out the enemy combatants.
"Because of his efforts, the enemy was unable to man their weapon, which was about to ambush his company," explains "Trini," Lopez's other half-brother. "I was very proud of him and still am today."
Lopez's mother, Nora, was especially proud. "It's not every soldier that wins the nation's third-highest award," she had pointed out to The Herald.
The U.S. military credited Lopez with "quick initiative and bold action," and further honored Lopez for "his indomitable fighting spirit, personal courage and staunch devotion to duty in the face of great personal risk . . ."
"It would have been very easy to stay there hiding but he knew his buddies were in trouble," says Trini. The courageous Private Lopez "had nothing else on his mind but trying to help his friends."
In November 1950, Lopez sustained a mortar wound in his right arm as well as two frozen toes. He had been assigned to the Chosin Reservoir area two months after his initial heroic act.
Trini calls his like-named sibling, "a brave man, with big huevos, as we call them." He and Vicente add that their youngest sibling suffered physical wounds unrelated to that first incident, additionally earning him the Purple Heart.
When Lopez returned home from the war, remembers Vicente, the young man was fortunate enough to find a good job yet his memories and emotional wounds from the war "left a toll on his soul" that followed him for the rest of his life. Vicente regrets that this sadness haunted his half-brother, whom he lauds as "such a nice man with a big heart."
Lopez died in 1983 at the age of 52 from liver complications. He was buried in his hometown of Dallas, memorialized by surviving family members in a private funeral ceremony with full military honors.
— Interview by: Alfredo Perez


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text:
Morton Park is a park in Plymouth, Massachusetts, located west of Route 3 and northwest of Lout Pond with its main entrance off Summer Street and its rear entrance off Billington Street. It is Plymouth's largest park area consisting of  of forest, the shoreline of Little Pond, the northern shoreline of Billington Sea, the headwaters to Town Brook, and over two miles (3 km) of footpaths.

External links
Town of Plymouth Parks, Playgrounds and Beaches
The Outdoor Network for Plymouth

Plymouth, Massachusetts


text:
24.1. Text widget indices
An index is a general method of specifying a position in the content of a text widget. An index is a string with one of these forms:
'line.column'
The position just before the given column (counting from zero) on the given line (counting from one). Examples: '1.0' is the position of the beginning of the text; '2.3' is the position before the fourth character of the second line.
'line.end'
The position just before the newline at the end of the given line (counting from one). So, for example, index '10.end' is the position at the end of the tenth line.
tk.INSERT
The position of the insertion cursor in the text widget. This constant is equal to the string 'insert'.
tk.CURRENT
The position of the character closest to the mouse pointer. This constant is equal to the string 'current'.
tk.END
The position after the last character of the text. This constant is equal to the string 'end'.
tk.SEL_FIRST
If some of the text in the widget is currently selection (as by dragging the mouse over it), this is the position before the start of the selection. If you try to use this index and nothing is selected, a tk.TclError exception will be raised. This constant is equal to the string 'sel.first'.
tk.SEL_LAST
The position after the end of the selection, if any. As with SEL_FIRST, you'll get a tk.TclError exception if you use such an index and there is no selection. This constant is equal to the string 'sel.last'.
'markname'
You can use a mark as an index; just pass its name where an index is expected. See Section 24.2, "Text widget marks".
'tag.first'
The position before the first character of the region tagged with name tag; see Section 24.5, "Text widget tags".
'tag.last'
The position after the last character of a tagged region.
'@x,y'
The position before the character closest to the coordinate (x, y).
embedded-object
If you have an image or window embedded in the text widget, you can use the PhotoImage, BitmapImage, or embedded widget as an index. See Section 24.3, "Text widget images" and Section 24.4, "Text widget windows".
In addition to the basic index options above, you can build arbitrary complex expressions by adding any of these suffixes to a basic index or index expression:
+ n chars
From the given index, move forward n characters. This operation will cross line boundaries.
For example, suppose the first line looks like this:
The index expression "1.0 + 5 chars" refers to the position between e and f. You can omit blanks and abbreviate keywords in these expressions if the result is unambiguous. This example could be abbreviated "1.0+5c".
- n chars
Similar to the previous form, but the position moves backwards n characters.
+ n lines
Moves n lines past the given index. Tkinter tries to leave the new position in the same column as it was on the line it left, but if the line at the new position is shorter, the new position will be at the end of the line.
- n lines
Moves n lines before the given index.
linestart
Moves to the position before the first character of the given index. For example, position "current linestart" refers to the beginning of the line closest to the mouse pointer.
lineend
Moves to the position after the last character of the given index. For example, position "sel.last lineend" refers to the end of the line containing the end of the current selection.
wordstart
The position before the beginning of the word containing the given index. For example, index "11.44 wordstart" refers to the position before the word containing position 44 on line 11.
For the purposes of this operation, a word is either a string of consecutive letter, digit, or underbar (_) characters, or a single character that is none of these types.
Next: 24.2. Text widget marks
Previous: 24. The Text widget
Original URL: http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/web/text-index.html


The Park includes the region of the Abruzzo, of the Molise and of the Lazio and is extended on an area of 80.680 hectares. The vegetation changes for the altitude; find woods of oaks, beech-woods and grassland. Between the fauna are present the bear, the wolf, the roe-buck and the deer. The address and the telephone number are reported at the Inquiry Centre of the Park.


The US Economy continues its steady – and long awaited – recovery as November added 40,000 new manufacturing jobs. And while the monthly economic indicators give nothing but positive news, jealous former (failed) President Barack Obama is casting a pall over the entire affair.
When asked if it was possible for there to be more growth Peter Morici estimated that with further good policies it may go up to 4 percent, maybe even 5%.


text:
const helper = require('./testHelper')

exports.mochaHooks = {
  beforeEach,
  afterEach
}

async function beforeEach () {
  this.timeout(2000)
  const config = helper.getConfig({ testKey: getTestKey(this.currentTest) })
  console.log(`      ${this.currentTest.title} (schema: ${config.schema})...`)
  await helper.dropSchema(config.schema)
  this.currentTest.bossConfig = config
}

async function afterEach () {
  this.timeout(10000)

  const config = helper.getConfig({ testKey: getTestKey(this.currentTest) })

  const { boss } = this.currentTest

  if (boss) {
    await new Promise((resolve) => {
      boss.on('stopped', resolve)
      helper.stop(boss)
    })
  }

  await helper.dropSchema(config.schema)
}

function getTestKey (ctx) {
  return ctx.file + ctx.parent.title + ctx.title
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Center is a city in Shelby County, Texas. The population was 5,221 at the 2020 U.S. census. It is the county seat of Shelby County located in deep East Texas.  It was named for its location near the center of Shelby County, it is near the Louisiana border.

Geography
Center is  from the Louisiana border and  north of Beaumont at the center of Shelby County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which  is land and 0.16% is water.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 5,221 people, 1,713 households, and 1,266 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,678 people, 2,034 households, and 1,334 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 2,290 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 51.14% White, 34.22% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 10.95% from other races, and 2.99% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.05% of the population.

There were 2,034 households, out of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 20.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.23.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 18.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $26,061, and the median income for a family was $31,699. Males had a median income of $23,468 versus $19,441 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,233. About 19.4% of families and 23.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.5% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.

History
Shelby County was one of the original 13 counties in Texas, being organized by the Republic of Texas Congress in 1837. The county was named for Issac Shelby, an American military hero and governor of Kentucky. Shelby County eventually became one of the most populous and prosperous counties in the state because of its proximity to Louisiana and location along the Sabine River.

The settlement which eventually became the City of Center was originally called White Cottage. A post office was established at this settlement on April 6, 1848.

Al Johnson, an East Texas State Representative, introduced a bill to have all county seats be as close to the center of the county as possible. R.L. Parker, the County Clerk at the time, arranged to have the county surveyed and the center located. The originally county seat was Shelbyville, Texas located approximately  from White Cottage. However, one night in 1866, a group of men led by Parker entered into the court house and stole all of the records and took them to a log cabin near White Cottage. Shortly after the incident, the community became known as Center, primarily to reflect the requisite location of the county seat.

The Center post office opened in October 1866. In 1869, Confederate veterans Captain Jesse Amason and James C. Wilson, with wife Margaret Davis Wilson, each donated  of land for the townsite of Center. According to one historical account, Amason would not give the land unless the new town would have a  town square, and that is the reason that Center has such a large square. Mr. Wilson owned considerable land in the southern quarter of the town. Much of that area is called the "Wilson Addition".

On the night of May 31, 1882, a fire erupted at the courthouse and the building was a complete loss. The county contracted with J.J. E. Gibson, an Irish immigrant, to construct a new courthouse and jail. When the bond of builders J.J. E. Gibson and Pat McLaughlin for the sum of $26,725 was issued in 1884 for them to erect a new courthouse for Shelby County, the firm of Wilson and Martin was among the securities. The courthouse, modeled after an Irish castle, was completed in November, 1885 and is still standing as the centerpiece of the Center Square.

The town of Center made national news twice in 1920s for the lynchings of black murder suspects without a trial.  On August 3, 1920, Lige Daniels was seized by an angry mob that broke into the Shelby County Jail, where he was being held on charges of the beating death of a woman.  Daniels, an 18-year old black man, was dragged out and hanged from a tree in front of the courthouse, famous as the "Center Hanging Oak".  The oak tree was used again as a gallows on May 21, 1928, when another mob intercepted another 18-year old African-American, accused murderer Eolis Evans, as he was being returned to the county jail.  The "hanging oak" tree itself died in 1990 and was cut down.

At noon on February 12, 1950, an F3 tornado touched down in Center, destroying several buildings. The tornado killed three and injured at least 15 people.

Employers
Some of the city's major employers include:

Brookshire Brothers – a regional grocery company founded and headquartered in Lufkin, Texas
Farmers State Bank – financial institution offering checking, savings and loans; seven locations, headquartered in Center, Texas
Hallmark – Center Fixture Operations is one of two U.S. fixture production plants supporting Hallmark Cards, Inc. The plant processes fixture orders and manufactures Hallmark's product display concepts found in retail stores.
Panola College – community college
Portacool, LLC – Portacool, LLC is the worldwide manufacturing leader in the portable evaporative cooling industry providing cooling solutions that protect against heat stress and discomfort in hard-to-cool spaces. The company is dedicated to worksite safety, productivity, sustainability and social responsibility by providing a variety of cooling products when comfort counts. Headquartered in Center, Texas, since 1990, Portacool products are made in the US with domestic and global parts.
Shelby Savings Bank – financial institution offering checking, savings, loans and insurance; six locations, headquartered in Center, Texas
Stephen F. Austin State University – state university (located in Nacogdoches; some employees reside in Center)
Tyson Foods – Tyson Foods, Inc. is an American multinational corporation based in Springdale, Arkansas, that operates in the food industry. The company is the world's second largest processor and marketer of chicken, beef, and pork. The center, Texas, operation is a chicken processing facility.

Events
The city celebrates a county wide Watermelon Festival in July and the East Texas Poultry Festival in October each year. The poultry festival is accompanied by the Poultry Festival Pageant in which high school Juniors of the county participate. The Pageant crowns a Poultry Festival Queen who presides over the three-day Poultry Festival. The festival is in honor of John Moosberg who started the broiler house system in Shelby County. A mural of the events is located in the Farmers State Bank with John Mooseberg's picture. The Queen is decided by a board of non-partisan, appointed judges. The annual What A Melon Festival also crowns a queen to reign over the festival in July each year.

Also in Shelby County there is the Miss Shelby County Pageant. The Pageant is open to all Shelby County Young Ladies and a PreTeen, JrTeen, Teen and Miss Queen is crowned. The title holder represents Shelby County throughout her annual reign at many area events.
Also each fall, in August, junior girls from Shelby County high schools compete against each other in the Poultry festival pageant the winner wins a $2,000 scholarship.

Media
The Light and Champion, a news and information company, marked its 140th year of operation in 2017. Based in Center, it serves Shelby County, as well as Logansport, Louisiana. The Light and Champion produces a weekly print edition, a weekly free-distribution print product called The Merchandiser. The Light and Champion is owned by Moser Community Media, based in Brenham, Texas.

Notable people
 Charlie Bradshaw, professional football player
 John Campbell, blues guitarist
 Wayne Christian, Texas State Representative
 Dan Duncan, oil tycoon, billionaire, and philanthropist
 Cade Foehner, 4th place contestant in the 16th season of American Idol
 Bryan Hitt, drummer for REO Speedwagon
 Charles McClelland, Houston Police Department
 Charles Ray, U.S. diplomat
 John S. Redditt, Texas politician and businessman
 Del Shofner, professional football player, MVP of 1957 Sugar Bowl

Outlying communities
 Aiken
 Spann's Chapel
 Mt. Herman
 Jericho
 Short
 James
 Folsom Chapel
 Dreka
 Neuville

Government and infrastructure
The City of Center was incorporated in 1893, however, this incorporation was dissolved and the city was reincorporated by means of another charter in 1901. The city developed and adopted a new home rule charter on April 7, 1984. The City of Center operates under the home rule charter with a council-manager form of government. The governing body, the Center City Council, is composed of a mayor, two council members elected "at-large" by citywide elections and four members elected from single member districts. The mayor and council members serve staggered two year terms. The mayor and council are responsible for casting a vision and direction for the city, enacting legislation in the form of ordinances and resolutions, adopting and amending budgets, making appointments to the different boards and commissions and determining the policies of the city.
The United States Postal Service operates the Center Post Office.

Education
The City of Center is served by the Center Independent School District.

Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Center has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

See also

 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States

References

External links

 The Official Website of Center, Texas
 The Official Website of Shelby County, Texas
 The Official Website of Center Independent School District
 'Center, Texas' Entry at The Handbook of Texas Online
 ShelbyCountyToday.com

Cities in Texas
Cities in Shelby County, Texas
County seats in Texas