Indirect treatment comparison (ITC) and mixed treatment comparisons (MTC) have been increasingly used in network meta-analyses. This simulation study comprehensively investigated statistical properties and performances of commonly used ITC and MTC methods, including simple ITC (the Bucher method), frequentist and Bayesian MTC methods.
A simple network of three sets of two-arm trials with a closed loop was simulated. Different simulation scenarios were based on different number of trials, assumed treatment effects, extent of heterogeneity, bias and inconsistency. The performance of the ITC and MTC methods was measured by the type I error, statistical power, observed bias and mean squared error (MSE).
When there are no biases in primary studies, all ITC and MTC methods investigated are on average unbiased. Depending on the extent and direction of biases in different sets of studies, ITC and MTC methods may be more or less biased than direct treatment comparisons (DTC). Of the methods investigated, the simple ITC method has the largest mean squared error (MSE). The DTC is superior to the ITC in terms of statistical power and MSE. Under the simulated circumstances in which there are no systematic biases and inconsistencies, the performances of MTC methods are generally better than the performance of the corresponding DTC methods. For inconsistency detection in network meta-analysis, the methods evaluated are on average unbiased. The statistical power of commonly used methods for detecting inconsistency is very low.
The available methods for indirect and mixed treatment comparisons have different advantages and limitations, depending on whether data analysed satisfies underlying assumptions. To choose the most valid statistical methods for research synthesis, an appropriate assessment of primary studies included in evidence network is required.
Indirect and mixed treatment comparisons have been increasingly used in health technology assessment reviews [1–4]. Indirect treatment comparison (ITC) refers to a comparison of different treatments using data from separate studies, in contrast to a direct treatment comparison (DTC) within randomised controlled trials. Statistical methods have been developed to indirectly compare multiple treatments and to combine evidence from direct and indirect comparisons in mixed treatment comparison (MTC) or network meta-analysis [5–9].
The existing simple  or complex [6–8] statistical methods for ITC and MTC are theoretically valid if certain assumptions can be fulfilled [2, 10]. The relevant assumptions could be specifically classified according to a conceptual framework that delineates the homogeneity assumption for conventional meta-analysis, the similarity assumption for adjusted ITC, and the consistency assumption for pooling direct and indirect estimates by MTC [2, 11]. Among the basic assumptions, heterogeneity in meta-analysis and inconsistency between direct and indirect estimates can be quantitatively investigated. The presence of inconsistency between direct and indirect estimates has been empirically investigated in meta-epidemiological studies and numerous cases reports [12–16]. A range of statistical methods have been suggested to investigate the inconsistency in network meta-analysis [5, 7, 9, 17–19].
The statistical properties of simple adjusted ITC  have been previously evaluated in simulation studies [1, 20, 21]. However, there are no simulation studies that formally evaluate methods for Bayesian network meta-analysis. In this simulation study, we comprehensively evaluated properties and the performance of commonly used ITC and MTC methods. Specifically, the objectives of the study are (1) to investigate bias, Type I error and statistical power of different comparison models for estimating relative treatment effects, and (2) to investigate bias, Type I error and statistical power of different comparison models for quantifying inconsistency between direct and indirect estimates.
We investigated the performance of the following ITC and MTC statistical models.
When there are multiple trials that compared treatment A and B or treatment A and C, results from individual trials can be combined using fixed-effect or random-effects model. Then the pooled estimates of d AB and d AC are used in the AITC.
The results of frequentist ITC (using the Bucher's method) can be combined with the result of frequentist DTC in a MTC. The frequentist combination of the DTC and ITC estimate is weighted by the corresponding inverse of variance, as for pooling results from two individual studies in meta-analysis .
This MTC is termed 'consistency MTC', as it assumes that the result of direct comparison of treatment B and C statistically equals to the result of indirect comparison of B and C based on the common comparator A . Suppose a network of three sets of trials that compared A vs. B, A vs. C, and B vs. C, we only need to estimate two basic parameters d AB and d AC , and the third contrast (functional parameter) can be derived by d BC = d AB - d AC .
Here θ kt is the underlying outcome for treatment t in study k, μ kb is the outcome of treatment b, and δ kbt is the relative effect of treatment t as compared with treatment b in study k. The trial specific relative effect δ kbt is assumed to have a normal distribution with a mean d bt and variance τ 2 (i.e., between study variance). When τ 2 = 0, this model provides results as a fixed-effect analysis.
ω BC ~ N 0 , σ ω 2 .
Here ωBC is termed inconsistency factor (ICF).
In the inconsistency Bayesian meta-analysis (IBMA), each of the mean relative effects (d xy ) is separately estimated without using indirect treatment comparison information. The IBMA analysis is equivalent to a series of pair-wise DTC meta-analyses, although a common between-study variance (τ2) across different contrasts is assumed .
We originally intended to include the Lumley's frequentist method for network meta-analysis . However, it was excluded because of convergence problems during computer simulations.
If the absolute value of Z BC is greater than 1.96, the observed inconsistency is considered to be statistically significantly different from zero.
The estimate of inconsistency is not applicable when the consistency Bayesian MTC model  is used. With the inconsistency Bayesian meta-analysis (IBMA), the estimate of d BC is naturally available, and d BC Ind can be easily estimated based on d AB and d AC , as by the "node-splitting" method [17, 24]. The point estimate of inconsistency in Bayesian MTC was the average (mean value) of the simulated results. The significance of the inconsistency was based on the estimated 95% intervals. If the 95% intervals did not contain the zero, the observed inconsistency was considered to be statistically significant.
The random inconsistency Bayesian MTC (RIBMTC) model assumes that the inconsistency within a network of trials is normally distributed with mean ω = 0 and variance σ ω 2 . We also recorded the estimated ω and σ ω 2 by the RIBMTC model.
In this study, a simple network of two-arm trials with a closed loop was simulated to separately compare three treatments: treatment 1 (T1, placebo), treatment 2 (T2, an old drug), and treatment 3 (T3, a new drug) (Figure 1). The comparison of T2 and T3 was considered as the main interest. Trials that compared T1 vs. T2 and trials that compared T1 vs. T3 were used for the indirect comparison of T2 and T3. Given the available resource, a limited number of simulation scenarios were adopted in this study. The following simulation parameters were decided after considering characteristics of published meta-analyses (also see Table 1).
The number of patients in each arm of a pair-wise trial is 100. The number of trials for each of the three contrasts is 1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40. A scenario of imbalanced number of trials (including a single trial for one of the three sets) is also included.
We use odds ratio (OR) to measure the outcome . The assumed true OR12 = 0.8, and the true OR13 = 0.8 or 0.6. When OR is less than 1 (or log OR < 0), it indicates that the risk of events is reduced by the second of the two treatments compared.
The true log O R 23 is calculated by: log O R 23 = log O R 13 − log O R 12 .
The baseline risk in the control arm is assumed to be 20% or 10%.
It is assumed that heterogeneity is constant across different comparisons, and there are four levels of between study variance: τ 2 = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 respectively .
The trial-specific natural log OR (d kij ) in study k used to generate simulated trials is based on the assumed true log OR and the between-trial variance: d kij ~ N d ij , τ 2 .
P kt = P k 1 × E x p d k 1 t 1 − P k 1 + P k 1 × E x p d k 1 t .
Bias in a clinical trial can be defined as a systematic difference between the estimated effect size and the true effect size . It is assumed here that all bias, where it exists, will result in an over-estimated treatment effect of active drugs (T2 and T3) as compared with placebo (T1), and an over-estimated treatment effect of the new drug (T3) relative to the old drug (T2). The extent of bias and inconsistency is measured by ratio of odds ratios (ROR). When ROR = 1, it indicates that there is no bias. When ROR = 0.8, it means that the effect (OR) of a treatment is over-estimated by 20%.
(Note: these input values could be combined differently for a large number of possible simulation scenarios).
Here, N ki is the number of patients in the arm of treatment i, and P ki is the risk of events given treatment i in study k. If the simulated number of events is zero, we added 0.5 to the corresponding cells of the 2x2 table for conducting inverse variance weighted meta-analysis.
AITC and MTC were conducted using data from the simulated trials by fixed-effect and random-effects meta-analyses. For frequentist ITC, we used inverse variance weights to pool results of multiple trials in meta-analysis, and used the DerSimonian-Laird method for random-effects meta-analyses .
The performance of the ITC and MTC methods was measured by the type I error rate or statistical power, observed bias and mean squared error (MSE). We estimated the rate of type I error (when the null hypothesis is true) and the statistical power (when the null hypothesis is false) by the proportion of significant estimates (two sided α < 0.05) for the frequentist methods, or the proportion of estimates with a 95% interval that did not contain the zero treatment effect for the Bayesian methods.
where ϑ is the true parameter value, θ ⌢ c is the estimated value from the cth simulated data set. Monte Carlo 95% intervals for estimated mean bias and inconsistency were based on the 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles of the corresponding estimates.
Bayesian network meta-analyses were implemented by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methodology . Vague or non-informative priors were used for MCMC simulations. Each simulation comprised 20,000 'burn-in' iterations followed by 40,000 posterior mean sample iterations. Posterior mean samples collected were thinned by a ratio of 5:1 to resulting in 8,000 final posterior mean samples from each MCMC simulation. We used R 2.13.0  and related packages (RJAGS) to generate data and to sample Bayesian posterior distributions. All simulations were carried out on the High Performance Computing Cluster supported by the Research Computing Service at the University of East Anglia.
For the purpose of simplification, we only presented the results of selected representative scenarios below.
As expected, mean squared error (MSE) is positively associated with the small number of studies, and large heterogeneity in meta-analysis (Figure 2). Of the comparison methods investigated, the AITC method has the largest MSE. With the existence of heterogeneity, there are no noticeable differences in MSE between the fixed-effect and random-effects models.
Mean squared error (MSE) by different comparison models (Note: baseline risk 20%; zero treatment effect; without systematic bias in trials; fix, fixed effect; ran, random-effects; Tau2 refers τ 2 ).
When there is no bias in simulated trials, the results of the all comparison methods are on average unbiased (Figure 3a). When all trials are similarly biased, the DTC and the inconsistency Bayesian MTC (RIBMTC) are fully biased, while the AITC is not biased (Figure 3b). When only the trials involved in AITC are biased, the DTC and inconsistency MTC models are unbiased (Figure 3c). The extent of bias in the consistency MTC models (both CFMTC and CBMTC) lies between the DTC and ITC. The impacts of biases in primary studies on the validity of different comparison methods are summarised in Table 2.
Bias by different comparison methods (Note: selected simulation scenarios, baseline risk = 20% ; τ 2 = 0.05; number of studies =3x20; random-effects analyses).
(Note: "Fully biased" – the bias equals the bias in trials; "Moderately biased" – as a result of combining biased direct estimate and unbiased indirect estimate, or a result of combining unbiased direct estimate and biased indirect estimate).
Assuming zero heterogeneity across studies, there are no clear differences in the rate of type I error between different MTC methods (Figure 4). The extent of heterogeneity was clearly associated with inflated rates of type I error. In the presence of great heterogeneity, the rate of type I error is particularly large when fixed-effect models are applied. The random-effects models tend to have values closer to 0.05. However, random-effects models no longer have advantages when there is only a single study available for each of the three comparisons (Figure 4d). When there is only a single study for each of the three contrasts, the rate of type I error is zero by Bayesian random-effects models (CBMTC and RIBMTC), which seems due to the unchanged vague or non-informative priors . Within the fixed-effect models the different methods have similar type I error rates, as well as within the random-effects models (Figure 4).
Type I error – proportion of significant results when true treatment effect is zero, impact of number of studies and assumed heterogeneity (Note: baseline risk =20% ; fix, fixed effect; ran, random-effects; Tau2 refers τ 2 ).
As expected, the higher baseline risk (20%) is associated with the higher rate of type I error as compared with the lower baseline risk (10%) (data not shown).
As expected, the statistical power (1-β) is positively associated with the number of studies (Figure 5). As compared with the DTC, the statistical power of AITC is low. The pooling of DTC and AITC evidence in MTC increases the statistical power (Figure 5).
Statistical power to detect treatment effect (OR23 = 0.75), impact of number of studies and assumed heterogeneity (Note: Baseline risk =20% ; fix, fixed effect; ran, random-effects; Tau2 refers τ 2 ).
With a larger number of studies, the statistical power of all methods is reduced by the presence of heterogeneity (Figure 5a-b). The association between heterogeneity and statistical power becomes unclear when the number of studies is small (Figure 5c-d). When there is only a single study, the statistical power of all the methods is extremely low, and it is zero by the Bayesian random-effects models (again, due to vague or non-informative priors) (Figure 5d).
A expected, the statistical power is reduced when the baseline risk is lowered from 20% to 10% (data no shown).
The estimated inconsistencies by the different comparison methods are on average unbiased, but the 95% intervals are wide (Figure 6). The 95% interval of the estimated inconsistency by the RIBMTC method is much wider than by other methods.
Estimated inconsistency (log ROR) – a selected simulation scenario (Note: true logROR = 0.223; baseline risk = 20%; number of studies =3x20; τ 2 = 0.10; Tau2 refers τ 2 ).
Heterogeneity is positively associated with the rate of type I error for detecting inconsistency by the fixed-effect models, while the number of studies does not noticeably affect the rate of type I error (Figure 7). However, when there is only a single study for each of the three contrasts, the Bayesian random-effects method has zero type I error (due to the vague or non-informative priors for τ), and the rate of type I error by frequentist random-effects model was similar to the fixed-effect models (Figure 7e). When there is imbalanced and singleton number of trials, the frequentist random-effects model has larger type I errors than the Bayesian random-effects method (Figure 7f).
Type I error for inconsistency detection: impact of heterogeneity and number of studies (Note: baseline risk =20% , true lnROR = 0; tau2 refers τ 2 ; Freq-fix, frequentist fixed-effect; Freq-ran, frequentist random-effects; Bay-fix, Bayesian fixed-effect; Bay-ran, Bayesian random-effects).
The statistical power to detect the specified inconsistency (P < 0.05) increases with the increasing number of studies (Figure 8). However, the statistical power is still lower than 70% even when there are 120 studies (200 patients in each study) in the trial network (Figure 8a). By fixed-effect model, the existence of heterogeneity generally increases the power to detect inconsistency. However, the impact of heterogeneity on the power of random-effects models is unclear. When there is only one study for each of the three contrasts, the power by Bayesian random-effects model is about zero (given vague or non-informative priors for τ2) (Figure 8e).
Statistical power to detect inconsistency: impact of heterogeneity and number of studies (Note: baseline risk =20% , true lnROR = 0.223; tau2 refers τ 2 . Freq-fix, frequentist fixed-effect; Freq-ran, frequentist random-effects; Bay-fix, Bayesian fixed-effect; Bay-ran, Bayesian random-effects).
Mean squared error (MSE) reflects a combination of both bias and random error, which is clearly associated with the number of studies, heterogeneity, and the baseline risk. When simulated studies are not biased, the AITC method had the largest MSE, as compared with DTC and MTC methods. Given the same comparison approach, there are no noticeable differences in estimated MSE between the fixed-effect and random-effects models.
When simulated trials are unbiased, the results of all comparison methods investigated are good at predicting the true magnitude and direction of the effect. However, there are simulation scenarios under which AITC could be biased. When all trials are similarly biased, the results of AITC will be less biased than the results of DTC. This finding is consistent with the result of a previous study that evaluated the impacts of biases in trials involved in AITC . Bias by MTC will lie between the bias by DTC and AITC (Table 2).
It should be noted that, in addition to the scenarios simulated in this study, bias in original trials may also be magnified if the two sets of trials for the AITC are biased in opposite directions. For example, it is possible that the relative effect of a treatment versus the common comparator is over-estimated in one set of trials, and under-estimated in another set of trials. Under this circumstance, the AITC estimate will be biased and the extent of such bias will be greater than the extent of bias in the original studies.
The type I error of ITC and MTC methods are associated with the extent of heterogeneity, whether a fixed-effect or random-effects meta-analysis is used, and the level of baseline risk. There are no noticeable differences in type I error between different comparison methods.
As expected, the number of studies is clearly associated with the statistical power to detect specified true treatment effect. The AITC method has the lowest statistical power. When there is no assumed inconsistency or bias, the MTC increases the statistical power as compared with the power of DTC alone. There are no noticeable differences in the statistical power between different MTC methods.
We found that the all comparison methods are on average unbiased for estimating the inconsistency between the direct and indirect estimates. The 95% intervals by the RIBMTC method are much wider than that by other methods. Heterogeneity inflates the type I error in the detection of inconsistencies by fixed-effect models. When there are singleton studies in the trial network, the frequentist based random-effects model has relatively larger type I error than the Bayesian random-effects model.
As expected, the power to detect inconsistency is positively associated with the number of studies and the use of fixed-effect models. For the inconsistency detection, heterogeneity increases the power of fixed-effect models, but reduces the power of random-effects models when the number of studies is large.
Methods of frequentist based indirect comparison have been investigated in several previous simulation studies [1, 20, 21]. A study found that the Bucher's method and logistic regression generally provided unbiased estimates . The simulation scenarios evaluated in that study was limited by using data from a single trial. In another study, Wells and colleagues simulated variance, bias and MSE by the DTC and AITC method . It was reported that the observed variance, bias and MSE for the AITC were larger than that for the DTC, particularly when the baseline risk was low . A more recent simulation study by Mills and colleagues reported findings from an investigation of the Bucher's ITC method . They found that the AITC method lacks statistical power, particularly in the presence of heterogeneity, and has high risk of over-estimation when only a single trial is available in one of the two trial sets. However, they did not compare the performance of the AITC and the corresponding DTC or MTC .
Bayesian MTC methods have not been investigated in previous simulation studies. In the current study, we investigated the performance of statistical methods for DTC, AITC, frequentist and Bayesian MTC. The simulation results reveal the complex impacts of biases in primary studies on the results of direct, indirect and mixed treatment comparisons. When the simulated primary studies are not systematically biased, the AITC and MTC methods are not systematically biased, although the AITC method has the largest MSE. Depending on the extent and direction of bias in primary studies, the AITC and MTC estimates could be more or less biased than the DTC estimates.
In the existence of heterogeneity and a small number of studies, AITC and MTC methods have indeed the inflated rate of type I error and a low statistical power. It is important to note that the performance of the corresponding DTC is similarly affected. The performance of the DTC method is superior to the performance of the AITC method. However, the statistical power of MTC is generally higher than the corresponding DTC.
It is the first time that the power to detect inconsistency in network meta-analysis has been investigated by simulations. The low power to detect inconsistency in network meta-analysis seems similar to the low power to detect heterogeneity in pair-wise meta-analysis .
Due to the restriction of available resource, a limited number of simulation scenarios were considered. Clearly, the performance of a model will depend on whether the simulation scenario matches the model's assumptions. For example, the fixed-effect model should not be used when there is heterogeneity across multiple studies, in order to avoid the inflated type I error.
In this paper, the simple network containing three sets of two-arm trials with a single completed loop is considered. We evaluated the methods for detecting inconsistency, and did not consider models for investigating causes of inconsistency. Therefore, further simulation studies are required to evaluate complicated networks involving more than three different treatments and containing trials with multiple arms. In addition, further simulation studies are required to evaluate the performance of regression models that incorporate study-level covariates for investigating the causes of heterogeneity and inconsistency in network meta-analysis [18, 19, 31].
For MCMC simulations, we used vague or non-informative priors . When the number of studies involved is large, finding of the study were unlikely to be different if more informative priors had been used. However, further research is required to investigate whether an informed prior for between-study variance would be more appropriate when the number of studies involved in a Bayesian meta-analysis is very small .
The results of any comparison methods (including direct comparison trials) may be biased as a consequence of bias in primary trials involved. To decide which comparison method may provide more valid or less biased results, it is helpful if we can estimate the extent and direction of possible biases in primary studies. Empirical evidence indicated the existence of bias in randomised controlled trials [33–35], particularly in trials that had outcomes subjectively measured without appropriate blinding [36, 37]. Although it is usually difficult to estimate the magnitude of bias, the likely direction of bias may be estimated. For example, it may be assumed that possible bias was likely to result in an over-estimation of treatment effect of active or new drugs when they are compared with placebo or old drugs . More complicated models could also be explored for estimating bias in evidence synthesis [39–41].
For detecting inconsistency, the fixed-effect methods have a higher rate of type I errors as well as a higher statistical power as compared with the random-effects methods. The performances of the Bayesian and frequentist methods are generally similar. When there are singleton trials in evidence network, the rate of type I error by frequentist random-effects method is larger than by the Bayesian random-effects method. This is due to the under-estimation of between-study variance by the frequentist method, while the Bayesian method provides an estimate of between-study variance using all data available in the whole network of trials . However, when there is a single study for each of the all comparisons, Bayesian random-effects models should be avoided.
Imbalanced distribution of effect-modifiers across studies may be a common cause of both heterogeneity in pair-wise meta-analysis and evidence inconsistency in network meta-analysis . However, it is helpful to distinguish the heterogeneity in pair-wise meta-analysis and inconsistency in network meta-analysis. Under the assumption of exchangeability, the results of direct and indirect comparisons could be consistent in the presence of large heterogeneity in meta-analyses. For example, the inflated type I error rate in detecting inconsistency by the fixed-effect models can be corrected by the use of random-effects models. It is also possible to observe significant inconsistencies between direct and indirect estimates when there is no significant heterogeneity in the corresponding pair-wise meta-analyses. The association between heterogeneity and the statistical power to detect inconsistency is complex, depending on whether the fixed-effect or random-effects model is used and the number of studies involved.
A major concern is the very low power of commonly used methods to detect inconsistency in network meta-analysis when it does exist. Therefore, inconsistency in network meta-analysis should not be ruled out based only on the statistically non-significant result of a statistical test. For all network meta-analysis, trial similarity and evidence consistency should be carefully examined [2, 42].
Of the comparison methods investigated, the indirect comparison has the largest mean squared error and thus the lowest certainty. The direct comparison is superior to the indirect comparison in terms of statistical power and mean squared error. Under the simulated circumstances in which there are no systematic biases and inconsistencies, the performances of mixed treatment comparisons are generally better than the performance of the corresponding direct comparisons.
When there are no systematic biases in primary studies, all methods investigated are on average unbiased. Depending on the extent and direction of biases in different sets of studies, indirect and mixed treatment comparisons may be more or less biased than the direct comparisons. For inconsistency detection in network meta-analysis, the methods evaluated are on average unbiased. The statistical power of commonly used methods for detecting inconsistency in network meta-analysis is low.
In summary, the statistical methods investigated in this study have different advantages and limitations, depending on whether data analysed satisfies the different assumptions underlying these methods. To choose the most valid statistical methods for network meta-analysis, an appropriate assessment of primary studies included in the evidence network is essential.
Random inconsistency Bayesian mixed treatment comparison.
This study was funded by UK Medical Research Council (Methodological Research Strategic Grant: G0901479). The research presented was carried out on the High Performance Computing Cluster supported by the Research and Specialist Computing Support service (RSCSS) at the University of East Anglia.
FS, AC and MOB conceived the idea and designed research protocol. JM, AC and FS developed simulation programmes and conducted computer simulations. FS analysed data and prepared the draft manuscript. All authors commented on the manuscript. FS had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.


Thanks! Just what I needed. I usually watch TV shows in the evening on my MBP and plug in my phone to charge it. Android File Transfer annoyingly opens TWICE every time I plug in my phone, switching my screen from what I'm trying to watch. I copy-pasted this script into the Terminal and voila! no more AFT automatically starting when I just want to charge my phone!
Aah! Why didn't you lead with the one-liner?!
I followed the long instructions which worked fine though, thanks!
Such ease — many thanks dude!
Worked like a charm. Thanks for posting! And yes, you need to put the not-so-pretty one liner at the top of the list.
I was repeatedly uninstalling the app because it auto-starting all the time drove me crazy. Very happy you found a way to disable it.
Thanks! It's way easier to just use the Terminal command rather than go through all the steps. Even for non-geeks! Again, thanks.
Thanks a lot, I was really tired of this autostart.
A big relief. Thank a lot.
Can you please send instructions for undoing the command line you provide above? It works perfectly in that it prevents Android File Transfer from starting automatically, but now when I stop the Faveset Klink software I get an "adb quit unexpectedly" error. I uninstalled Android File Transfer and that did not fix the problem. Thanks for your help.
Since posting my comment, I found a "Persist ADB On Exit" setting on Faveset Klink that seems to solve the problem.
Glad you found a solution. I'll edit my post in the next day or so to include instructions for reverting back to default behavior.
Dude so awesome. Thankfully I scrolled down and found the one-line, copied it into my terminal and tada! You rock!
Don't kid yourself! That one-liner is a thing of beauty!
That not-so-pretty One-Liner code is the most sweet code ever for me, now! Thanx dude!
Very nice. And great that kept the solution current (as of 2013-01-08).
Legend!!! Thanks a lot – this was driving me mad!
Oh btw maybe add a link to the one liner at the top of the page (I bet a lot of the traffic to this page are android devs that would appreciate your awesome little snippet).
Thank you, and good point. I've now added a TL;DR link to the top of the post. Cheers!
But why do you mention the simples solution with the code at the end?
Oh, just saw you already did it. Thanks for it.
I keep meaning to update this post properly and move the command line method to the top. I'll try and do that this weekend.
He/she said in 2016. Procrastinating much? 😉 But many thanks. I don't feel harassed by android anymore.
Oh I'm sorry, you already put it at the top. I didn't see it because I always skip the intro and go right to the steps.
well you would have to do that again each time there is a software update but that's alright I guess.
October 2017, OS X 10.12.5 and this is still working great!
An even simpler solution: open "Android File Transfer.app" and stop the process "Android File Transfer Agent".
Amend this if the executable is elsewhere, obviously. Make this fandroid file executable ("chmod +x fandroid"), make sure it's location is in your search path, and thereafter start it from the terminal: fandroid.
Or put a link in a handy executables folder, say on the dock, and bob's your uncle: Click and go – android folders open in Finder when it's clicked.
And only if it's clicked.
Bloomin' developers. What a pain in the neck.
Thanks! On High Sierra, I had to modify the directory from Resources to Helpers.
This is so amazingly helpful. Android file transfer is so annoying I use my phone for tethering internet to my computer for 4+ hours a day and this thing would pop up twice every time i jiggled the cord. This is so tremendously helpful to me saving me countless annoying moments.
Actually, I did all your steps except the one that renaming the application! Because I did not find the application under the ~/contents/resources's directory. So, I escaped this step. Now everything is fine.
Thanks so much, this still works today with a small change, the Android File Transfer Agent.app is under `Contents/Helpers` at least in my machine which is running High Sierra.
Glad it helped! Thanks for the heads-up regarding High Sierra, I've been meaning to update this post for a long time. I'll get on to that in the next couple of weeks.


Because of permit regulations we are now obliged to have an Eircode on all domestic accounts.
We are urging all our customers to log into their accounts and add the code or alternatively call our office to have it added to your acccount. Thank you for your assistance in this and for your continued custom.
Established in 1995, Loftus Recycling Ltd. provide waste and recycling collection services to commercial, domestic and industrial customers in the Mayo, Sligo and Roscommon areas.
Loftus Recycling Ltd can supply customers with domestic wheelie bins or skips in various sizes to suit each customers needs.
Loftus Recycling provides wheelie bins in various sizes to suit each customer's specific needs. With bins ranging in size from 240 Ltr to 360 Ltr wheelie bins for domestic customers and up to 1100 Ltr for commercial customers, the choice is yours. Contact us today and we'll tailor a service to satisfy your needs and your budget. Loftus Recycling operates a 2 bin collection service for domestic customers to allow for separate collections of general waste and mixed recycling. Contact our office on 096 32500 for further details.
We provide skips to private and commercial customers and building contractors throughout Mayo and Sligo. We can provide customers with skips in the following range of sizes: 4 yard, 6' (L) x 4'3" (W) x 3'2" (H) 8 yard, 12' (L) x 5'6" (W) x 4' (H) 12 yard, 12'2" (L) x 5'10" (W) x 5'6" (H) 20 yard 20' (L) x 7' 9 " (W) x 6' 1" (H) 40 yard 20' (L) x 7' 9 " (W) x 8' 2 " (H) Contact us to discuss your requirements and we will arrange delivery of a skip that best suits the job. We provide standard open skips but can also supply closed skips with lids. These skips may suit customers in urban areas who can lock the skip when it isn't in use, preventing any unauthorised use.
Loftus Recycling offers our commercial customers a wide variety services to suit their business specific needs and budget. We can service all businesses from home offices to large industrial operations. Each customers needs are catered for on an individual basis but all our customer can expect to receive the same high level of service. Call us today on 096 32500 to arrange a meeting with one of our representatives to establish your unique needs and how we can best serve you. We will tailor a package specifically for your business. Built around our competitive rates and prompt service we can guarantee that this package will combine value for money and top level service that is second to none.


The Year 5 and 6 students from Guildford West Public School participated in a S.E.A.T Project as a whole stage. The students connected with the character of SEAT after rebuilding him and discovered much about what was happening in other parts of the world, along with some home grown causes.
They decided to hold a school community SEAT exhibition and use money donated to give to Australian organisation Monika's Doggie Rescue. One of their chosen SEATs will also go to Monika's Doggie Rescue as a token of the Project. The remaining 20 SEATS are to be donated to the Yatra Foundation.
Cumberland Outreach is a Father Chris Riley's Youth Off The Streets initiative. Partnering with Cumberland Council Youth Services, Youth Off The Streets ran the S.E.A.T Project with a group of Year 6 students from Guildford West Public School.
Their SEATs were donated to Barnardos Auburn Children's Family Centre. This partnership of Youth Off the Streets, Cumberland Council and Guildford West Public School for this S.E.A.T Project is a powerful example of real community collaboration taking place.


text:
This Year's Lupin III Film Is Going Back to Basics
Kara Dennison, OCTOBER 17, 2019
If you're an anime fan, you've almost certainly heard of Lupin III. You may also know that the sport jacket-wearing, globetrotting gentleman thief is inspired by a much earlier character. If the hero's history is still nebulous to you, expect that to clear up this year.
Lupin III has been running for more than 50 years as manga, anime, TV specials, and films. Big names like Hayao Miyazaki have had a hand in the character's growth over the years, and nowadays Lupin and his gang are an anime mainstay. But as the years go on, the series has (by necessity) drifted away from its original briefing.
See, the "third" in "Lupin the Third" is a reference to the anime thief's granddad: the original Arséne Lupin, as written by French author Maurice Leblanc. The top-hatted burglar was a mainstay of early 20th century crime lit, and has ties to everyone from A.J. Raffles to Sherlock Holmes. But in 2019, it's a bit hard to fudge a thirtysomething character being the grandson of a man whose heyday was in the early 1900s. And so, in the recent TV series Lupin III Part 5, it's implied that the "Lupin" name is an identity that career thieves of a certain level can inherit or hand off.
Not so in the upcoming Lupin III: The First. The film, which premieres in Japan this December, is going all the way back to the anime star's beginnings with a period piece set around the time of the character's inception. The manga premiered in 1967, and the look of the latest trailer seems to confirm a very Sixties heist. Does this mean we're reinstating Lupin's origin story? For now, we are: his granddad's top hat figures into the film, and he makes mention of the original (hence the title "The First"). But it doesn't end there.
More Anime:
6 Reasons You Need to Get On Board With Carole and Tuesday
GRANBELM Recaptures What Made Madoka Magica So Special
5 Anime for Back-to-School Season
Remember how I said Arséne Lupin has a connection to Sherlock Holmes? That's coming into play, too. The trailer mentions an item known as "Bresson's Diary." As it happens, Bresson was a character who appeared in the single adventure shared by the master thief and the master detective.
It probably bears mentioning that, in the Arséne Lupin books, Sherlock Holmes was called either "Herlock Sholmes" or "Holmlock Shears." Leblanc didn't actually have permission to use the character, but felt very little point in actually hiding who it was meant to be.
So, what does that mean for The First? Will mention of Lupin's literary grandfather and a reference to his adventures with Sherlock Holmes mean there's more classic shenanigans to come? Maybe. Lupin III has a habit of pulling from history and legend for its various films. Christopher Columbus, Napoleon Bonaparte, World War II spy Harimao, and Leonardo da Vinci have all figured into the Lupin Gang's previous adventures in some way. Just how close they'll fly to the original story is anyone's guess. We'll know for sure this December when Lupin III: The First hits theaters in Japan… and, if we're lucky, elsewhere around the world.
Lupin the 3rd
Paul Tamayo Sep 13, 2022. 1 hours read
Pathfinder's Latest DLC Feels Like A Visit To Your Local Tabletop Game Shop
lb hunktears May 26, 2022. 4 minute read
Remember When Lupin the Third Almost Won the Monaco Grand Prix?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Journey Tours
The Bridge Builder Match: Early Literacy & STEM
by The Bridge Project
In 2017, the Bridge Project launched the Bridge Builder Match Campaign, a million dollar campaign in support of Early Literacy and Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) programming, to leverage the power of philanthropy and double the impact of the gifts that make these programs possible.
Now in its third year of a five-year campaign, it is more important than ever to continue the success of the Bridge Builder Match and provide quality Early Literacy & STEM programming for youth residing in Denver's public housing neighborhoods.
Learn more about the Bridge Builder Match.
By giving to our Early Literacy or STEM programming, your donation will be matched 1:1.
$10,000 when matched, supports on average seven students served by The Bridge Project with evidence-based programming.
$2,500, when matched, supports two students in Kindergarten through 5th grade by providing Early Literacy Programming, STEM programming, 1:1 tutoring and social and emotional programming.
$1,000, when matched, supports one student in 6th through 8th grade by providing STEM programming, leadership programming and 1:1 tutoring.
There is no minimum donation to qualify for the match. By giving, you will make a difference in the life of a Bridge Project student!
STEM PROJECT
How much weight can your bridge hold? Our K - 5th graders built bridges as part of one of their STEM projects. Our Quigg Newton site tested the strength of the bridges and how much weight they could hold. One bridge built by the youth was destroyed during the experiment, while the other one held one of the Bridge students up, Zuri.
GR8 READERS PROGRAM
Each year our youth receive 16 books as part of our Gr8 (Great) Readers program each student is given books at their reading level and has assignments that go along with them. Once completed, our youth keep the books to build their at-home library. Our educators create learning packets for each student to complete each book. See sample.
2148 South High Street Denver, CO 80208
bridgeproject@du.edu
The Bridge Project is an initiative through the Graduate School of Social Work at The University of Denver.
Copyright © 2018 University of Denver. | All rights reserved. Privacy | The University of Denver is an equal opportunity affirmative action institution


text:
Sprague man pleads not guilty in girls' molestation
Nov 29, 2011 at 12:01 AM Nov 29, 2011 at 9:10 AM
A 36-year-old Sprague man entered not guilty pleas Monday to charges he sexually assaulted two young girls he was living with for several years.
Herbert A. Whitmarsh, with a most recent address listed as 11 Arlington Ave. in Warren, R.I., faces eight felony charges that include multiple counts of first-degree sexual assault and risk of injury to a minor.
Whitmarsh's arrest came shortly after an investigation by state police at Troop E in Montville into a July 27 complaint. The father of the two alleged victims called police when his daughters, ages 13 and 14, revealed by text message they were being sexually assaulted for the past four years, according to police reports.
One girl said Whitmarsh would pay late-night visits to her bedroom, where he would touch her in an sexual manner, according to police. The girl said she pretended to be asleep and "started to think about happy things which helps me block out any sound," according to the arrest warrant affidavit in the case.
The girl said she did not want to tell anyone because she was scared her mother would not believe her, or she would get into trouble, police said. She said she was also afraid to tell Whitmarsh to stop, "because I was afraid he would hurt me."
The second girl told a similar story, telling police she was being abused for the past three years, police said.
Whitmarsh was interviewed and, according to police, admitted to sexually assaulting one of the girls.
Whitmarsh claims he was sexually abused as a child.
"I don't know why I did this. I never did it for self-gratification or anything," Whitmarsh told police, according to the arrest warrant affidavit. "Maybe if I got the help I needed years ago I could have prevented this."
Whitmarsh appeared in New London's Part A court for serious felonies, where he was appointed public defender Bruce Sturman. He remains held on a $150,000 bond and is due back in court on Dec. 13.


We have been supplying first class catering to offices and offices throughout Melbourne for many years. We pride ourselves on dependable catering that consistently tastes fantastic and is perfectly presented. Our food will impress your team and your customers alike and is the best offering for working conferences or lunches, morning teas, afternoon teas and breakfasts. Our series of canapés are ever popular for afternoon beverages or customer entertainment. We have a menu to match every celebration and we take pleasure in working with our clients to ensure that every detail of their daily or one-off event requirements are thought about and looked after.
We understand your ordering procedure and we provide a regular monthly account system for all of our approved customers with the ability to have multiple team members send catering orders for your office under one account number. All of these invoices are sent straight to your accounts department as specific billings and also as a regular monthly statement. This process eliminates the need to submit invoices for payment daily or to settle accounts with a charge card each day. We make it simple for your team to enjoy top quality food each and every day.
Within our menus, we offer a number of bundles which are perfect for a range of occasions and budgets. From the daily requirements to those one-off celebrations, our menus are designed to make your ordering process a simple one and to make sure that all of your visitors are represented. Each of our bundles consists of a range of vegetarian and gluten free choices and we can also make additional menu substitutions need to this be required.
If you have actually a set menu that you would like to purchase on a recurring basis or a set budget plan that you are working towards, our team would be delighted to tailor a set menu for your organisation. This permits your team to buy your bespoke menu plan with a simple communication and a set spend per person. If you want to discuss the choices or sample a set menu, please simply let our team understand how we can assist.
We pride ourselves on the business we keep. Our customers are a diverse variety of expert services companies, banks, and law firms among others. We are the go-to corporate catering company for a lot of Melbourne's companies. Our high quality food and hard working team have actually made sure that we continue to develop strong relationships with our clients throughout many professional sectors and each with private requirements.
If you are searching for a reliable catering company in Taylors Hill, with a range of food that will impress your team and your clients alike, then contact our team to setup a menu tasting at your convenience. Your account manager will put together a tasting menu constant with the types of food that you need within your organisation and arrange to have actually a variety provided for sampling. You can even organise to have a month-to-month account setup so that your daily orders are all collected in one statement every month, easy.
When it concerns the things that can make or break an event, few are as crucial as the quality, taste and look of the food and beverages you serve. A lot is riding on your decision which catering service to hire, and if you believe this choice really isn't that crucial, look at it this way, amazing catering can save an occasion that's on the rocks, however bad catering will almost always send out visitors to the doors.
In addition, because catering is frequently the # 1 or # 2 line-item cost for a lot of occasions, the catering service you choose is also a considerable budgetary decision and can influence how much money you have actually left over to invest in other areas depending on food costs and quantities.
Include the fact that caterers can vary dramatically in their rates and the kinds of meals and services they offer, and the process of selecting a catering service can figuratively and literally feel like you are comparing apples to oranges.
Of all the event and catering professionals we talked with, this showed up over and over and over again, generally because how responsive and interested a catering service is throughout your preliminary conversations is a sign of how they will carry out during the length of their contract with you (and more on contracts later).
A prospective caterer ought to be finding out as much as they can about you in your first couple of conversations with them, so you need to expect them to be talking and asking concerns about 20% of the time and you offering answers and describing your needs about 80% of the time.
So when interviewing your Taylors Hill catering services (and you should talk with a minimum of 3 caterers for any occasion with an affordable budget), you need to be specific about the type of occasion you are preparing and the type of food and/or presentation you are anticipating. Otherwise, you may end up picking a catering service who just isn't a great fit for the type or style of your occasion.
Almost every catering service has a standard menu or menus to pick from, and many do provide some level of built-in flexibility to adapt these menus to your specific needs by replacing particular items and/or personalizing others.
However, the standout catering services will surpass standardized menu choices and be willing to create amazing fare that matches a lot more specific theme and dietary needs.
Some people shy away from asking to sample the particular items they want for their event due to the fact that it seems like a hassle for the catering service, however it is standard to request a sampling of what you are planning to order before you sign on the dotted line.
In addition, you can request wine parings for these tastings if they are appropriate for your occasion (again, be prepared to pay a charge, it's a small price to pay to ensure you choose the right caterer). And when you are tasting the food, also attend to how it exists, as any caterer who puts in the time to correctly show a sample will probably be more likely to make that type of effort on your event day.
You may remain in for a surprise if you hire a BARBEQUE take-out joint to cater a formal ballroom fundraiser. Or if you select a high-end business event catering service to serve a barn wedding. Why? Because these catering services may not be accustomed to preparing and serving food in such a setting.
A lot more traditional venues can likewise have restrictions that catering services need to follow, like certain setup requirements or disposal restrictions for waste food and water, so having a caterer that is familiar with a venue's rules can potentially save you great deals of inconvenience on occasion day.
The catering service's contract need to clearly spell out precisely what food, beverages and services the catering service will be supplying on the designated day( s). Furthermore, it should safeguard you from non-performance as much as it safeguards the caterer from non-payment/default, so you might want to think about having a lawyer} look at it prior to you sign it.
Every detail must be included in the contract, included selected menus, variety of servings and/or individuals to be served, beverage/bar service information (if suitable) and all rates and extra services.
No catering service in Taylors Hill with a shred of self-respect and scruples enters into a contract with strategies to bail at the last minute, however you have to make sure there is a cancellation clause in your contract simply in case your catering service needs to cancel.
You do not want to be left without recourse with only days or hours before your occasion, so just make certain cancellation procedures and penalties are in place so you do have a backup plan.
Naturally you will need to look into the catering services in Taylors Hill you are considering, and it's always excellent to begin online and check out sites.
Nevertheless, do not stop there, as online reviews are not constantly trustworthy (or even genuine); for instance, a great caterer may have had a couple of nightmare/hater customers who skew their rankings, while a truly mediocre caterer may have padded their online reviews. So see if you can track down some past clients of the caterers you are thinking about and connect to them.
Surprisingly, how long a catering business in Taylors Hill has stayed in business may not be as crucial in selecting an excellent catering service as you may think.


text:
Q: Django and Apache configuration, page not loading Disclaimer: I know this issue has been addressed multiple times but I'm experiencing different errors than the other posted questions.
I have a Django app which I am trying to get configured with Apache running on the web. I go to load some.example.com and absolutely nothing shows up in the browser. Whenever I restart the Apache server the following appears in the error log
RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `example.com' does NOT match server name!?

Edit: looking at the error logs in my other working Django apps I am seeing the same RSA server... error, so I don't think this is what is causing the error.
I've done this before multiple times, I even documented my process so I wouldn't run into the same errors. My documented process has worked in the past and I currently have multiple Django apps running on my server. In the past I've received errors like "can't write to database" or "can't server static files", but I've never seen a blank screen before. I even have DEBUG = True in my Django settings file.
I mostly follow this and this tutorial. Steps:

*

*Create Django app (running built-in server works, everything loads perfectly)

*Create virtual environment, install Django inside

*create /etc/apache2/sites-available/some.example.com

*Create symlink to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/some.example.com

*Edit /etc/apache2/sites-available/some.example.com as below

*Run the following commands
chown -R username:www-data some.example.com
chmod 775 some.example.com
chmod 664 some.example.com/db.sqlite3

I am using Django 1.7 and Apache 2.2.22.
wsgi.py
import site
site.addsitedir('/srv/www/some.example.com/heartstudyenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages')
import os
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "heartstudy.settings")

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

/etc/apache2/sites-available/some.example.com
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName some.example.com
    ServerAlias some.example.com
    DocumentRoot /srv/www/some.example.com

    Alias /static /srv/www/some.example.com/static
    <Directory /srv/www/some.example.com/static>
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    <Directory /srv/www/some.example.com/heartstudy>
        <Files wsgi.py>
            Order deny,allow
        </Files>
    </Directory>

    WSGIDaemonProcess heartstudy python-path=/srv/www/some.example.com:/srv/www/some.example.com/heartstudyenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
    WSGIProcessGroup heartstudy
    WSGIScriptAlias / /srv/www/wwwsomeexample.com/heartstudy/wsgi.py
 </VirtualHost>

 NameVirtualHost *:443
 <VirtualHost *:443>
    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/apache2/sslkey/_.example.com/_.example.com.crt
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/sslkey/_.example.com/_.example.com.key

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    ServerName some.example.com
    ServerAlias some.example.com
    DocumentRoot /srv/www/some.example.com

    WSGIProcessGroup heartstudy
    WSGIScriptAlias / /srv/www/some.example.com/heartstudy/wsgi.py

    Alias /static /srv/www/some.example.com/static
    <Directory /srv/www/some.example.com/static>
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

    <Directory /srv/www/some.example.com/heartstudy>
        <Files wsgi.py>
            Allow from all
        </Files>
    </Directory>
    ErrorLog /srv/www/some.example.com/apache_error.log
</VirtualHost>

settings.py
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))

TEMPLATE_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')
STATIC_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
STATIC_ROOT = '/srv/www/some.example.com'
MEDIA_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

SECRET_KEY = 'some_key'

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['some.example.com']

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'tweets',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'heartstudy.urls'
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'heartstudy.wsgi.application'

LOGIN_URL = '/tweets/login/'
SITE_ID = 3

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'America/New_York'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    STATIC_PATH,
)

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIAFILES_DIRS = (
    MEDIA_PATH,
)

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    TEMPLATE_PATH,
)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A wealth of information, an ocean of data – and more funny cat videos than you could watch in a lifetime. The internet is all that and more, at the service of humanity that seeks to know more, do more and be more than ever before.
Much of that data is out there for the benefit of web users – within limits, of course. Some websites are happy to share their data with others; some aren't. Websites that provide services to users – stock tips, information about jobs and salaries, TV or movie recommendations – need to fetch the data that visitors will be seeking in order to make the service useful, and they get that data by sending out web crawlers. Other sites privately use the data they collect to advance their own businesses, in turn sharing data they generate for the benefit of mankind.
Of course, a proper web crawling system observes the "rules of the Internet road" – those rules laid out in the Robots.txt file – avoiding collecting data from sites that have logins (which indicates that the data is not there to be freely collected). Comparable to many other aspects of life, sharing web data is based on trust; bad players who break that trust make things harder for the decent folk who collect data according to the rules. Failure to observe those rules creates internet chaos, and destroys the bonds of trust between data owners and the Internet community. Plus, it's just bad manners.
The internet community needs to keep that trust intact. Data site crawling democratizes access to information and makes otherwise difficult-to-access data easily available to people who need it. Government data on jobs and salaries, for example, could be used by an employment site to give users an idea of what a realistic salary is for their specific profession based on experience and location. Investment analysis sites would crawl a site that has information about stock prices, history, trends, etc., and use that data in planning forecasts.
A recent case involving a company called HiQ Labs and LinkedIn illustrates what could go wrong in the trust relationship. HiQ has been scraping the public profiles of LinkedIn users to keep track of their careers, gathering data from public profiles only. However, LinkedIn took offense to this, claiming that its data was not there for crawlers to "raid." It should be noted that LinkedIn keeps its data behind a login screen, indicating that it indeed has rules that it expects crawlers to observe. LinkedIn accused HiQ of violating the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), committing the internet equivalent of wire fraud.
HiQ has claimed that it did nothing wrong, and that it did not violate any laws or agreements. According to attorneys for HiQ, "To choke off speech and the precursor of speech, the gathering of facts and the analysis of information, is a dangerous path down which we should not go." As egregious as the LinkedIn people consider HiQ's tactics, the court has so far agreed with HiQ, saying that LinkedIn's claim of violations of the CFAA is out of place. LinkedIn, which feels it has a strong case, is appealing.
This just goes to highlight the thin line between legitimate crawling versus impolite (at the very least) scraping. As mentioned, the internet is a cooperative in a sense – sites that provide services, as well as others who have a need for data, must cooperate with those providing the data. In the final analysis, the "transaction" of crawling/sharing is dependent on the goodwill of both sides. Information is there to be used, not abused, and if the latter happens, it ruins it for the rest of us.
It would be a worthy idea for those who believe in responsible crawling to work together to root out those who give them a bad reputation. Done properly, web crawling opens up information, promotes freedom and enhances democracy.
Ran Geva is a serial entrepreneur with over two decades of hands-on experience in software development and leadership positions. After founding Omgili, a search engine for online discussions, and co-founding Buzzilla, one of the top web monitoring and analysis companies in Israel, he went on to co-found Webhose.io – a leading global provider of structured web data, where he serves as CEO and lead technologist.


This contract is made between R & G PAIN (The Company) and the Client. All bookings made are subject to the conditions herein.
Payment may be made by credit or debit card, cash or by cheque payable to R & G PAIN. A deposit equal to one third of the total cost of any cottage rental is required to secure any booking, except where the first day of the Clients holiday is less than 8 weeks (56 days) away in which case full payment should be made. Bookings made within 15 days of the first day of hire must be paid for by credit or debit card. Where payment is to be made in cash, valid credit or debit details will be held as security. In the event of failure to pay the rental charge in full in cash upon arrival, the full balance of rental charges shall be debited from the card held in accordance with the payment and cancellation conditions herein.
A confirmed booking will be made upon the Client proffering his credit or debit card details or, in the event of cash or cheque payments upon verbal or written instructions from the Client of dates required. A confirmation letter in respect of that booking will then be forwarded by post or electronic mail by the Company. Any error in these details should be notified to the Company within 3 working days of receipt. Any balance of charges not received by the Company on or before the due date will be treated as a cancellation of the Contract by the Client.
Any cancellations by the Client must be made in writing and should be sent by recorded delivery or by electronic mail. The date from which the cancellation applies will be the date on which cancellation notice is received by the Company.
Should the Client need to cancel a confirmed booking for any reason, the following cancellation charges will apply. Clients failing to arrive within 24 hours of the first day of hire and having omitted to inform the Company of their delay shall be considered to have cancelled their booking and the standard cancellation charges shall apply.
The company strongly recommends that clients take out appropriate cancellation insurance.
The hire period commences at 3:30pm on the first day of hire and terminates at 10:30am on the last day of hire. Any significant delay in arrival should be notified to the Company in order that arrangements can be made for entry into accommodation. The Company reserves the right to make a charge equivalent to one nights rental where there is a delay in excess of 2 hours in the Client vacating the property on the last day of hire.
The Client and his party shall take all reasonable care of the property and its furnishings and effects and agrees to leave the property in the same condition of cleanliness and tidiness as at the commencement of hire. Any exceptional cleaning costs may be charged to the Client at cost. Lost keys will be charged at £25 per set.
In the event of breakages or damage to the property and/or its contents caused by the Client or any member of his party, full payment is required for the actual cost of replacement or repair.
Pets are not permitted in any of the properties. Blind dogs may be accommodated subject to notification being given to the Company at the time of booking.
As a courtesy to all guests, smoking is not permitted within the properties. Smoking is however allowed in the private decking and gardens.
The number of guests occupying a property must not exceed the maximum number stipulated by the Company. Should this condition not be observed, the Company reserves the right to refuse entry to any or all guests within the party.
Any complaints should be notified promptly in person to the Company owners or the owners representatives in their absence and the Company shall, at all times, endeavour to deal with any complaint promptly. Should the nature of the complaint be serious then written notification should be posted to the Company within seven days of the last day of hire.
The Company, its employees and representatives shall not be liable to the Client or third parties for loss or damage to persons or property howsoever arising.
For the undertaking of necessary repairs, maintenance or inspections, the Company has the right of entry to the property at all reasonable times. Prior notice will be given to the Client wherever possible and privacy will be respected at all times.
"A lovely place. The lodge was spacious & well equipped. We were fishermen & thoroughly enjoyed fishing the lake. We hope to return. "


text:
const webpack = require("webpack");
const path = require("path");
const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");
const ExtractTextPlugin = require("extract-text-webpack-plugin");

const pkg = require("./package");
const widgetName = pkg.widgetName;
const name = pkg.widgetName.toLowerCase();

const widgetConfig = {
    entry: `./src/components/${widgetName}Container.ts`,
    output: {
        path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist/tmp"),
        filename: `src/com/mendix/widget/custom/${name}/${widgetName}.js`,
        libraryTarget: "umd"
    },
    resolve: {
        extensions: [ ".ts", ".js", ".json" ],
        alias: {
            "tests": path.resolve(__dirname, "./tests")
        }
    },
    module: {
        rules: [
            { test: /\.ts$/, use: "ts-loader" },
            { test: /\.css$/, loader: ExtractTextPlugin.extract({
                fallback: "style-loader",
                use: "css-loader"
            }) },
            { test: /\.scss$/, loader: ExtractTextPlugin.extract({
                fallback: "style-loader",
                use: "css-loader!sass-loader"
            }) }
        ]
    },
    devtool: "source-map",
    externals: [ "react", "react-dom" ],
    plugins: [
        new CopyWebpackPlugin([
            { from: "src/**/*.js" },
            { from: "src/**/*.xml" },
            { from: "src/**/*.png", to: `src/com/mendix/widget/custom/${name}/` }
        ], {
            copyUnmodified: true
        }),
        new ExtractTextPlugin({ filename: `./src/com/mendix/widget/custom/${name}/ui/${widgetName}.css` }),
        new webpack.LoaderOptionsPlugin({
            debug: true
        })
    ]
};

// const previewConfig = {
//     entry: `./src/${widgetName}.webmodeler.ts`,
//     output: {
//         path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist/tmp"),
//         filename: `src/${widgetName}.webmodeler.js`,
//         libraryTarget: "commonjs"
//     },
//     resolve: {
//         extensions: [ ".ts", ".js" ]
//     },
//     module: {
//         rules: [
//             { test: /\.ts$/, loader: "ts-loader", options: {
//                 compilerOptions: {
//                     "module": "CommonJS",
//                 }
//             }},
//             { test: /\.css$/, use: "raw-loader" },
//             { test: /\.scss$/, use: [
//                 { loader: "raw-loader" },
//                 { loader: "sass-loader" }
//             ] }
//         ]
//     },
//     devtool: "inline-source-map",
//     externals: [ "react", "react-dom" ],
//     plugins: [
//         new webpack.LoaderOptionsPlugin({ debug: true })
//     ]
// };

module.exports = [ widgetConfig ];

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: O365 how to read email informations attached to an email I try to read an attachment of type "item" into a mail.
I can easly get the attachment_id but I can't find how to read the mail
messages = mail_folder.get_messages(download_attachments=True)

for message in messages:
    if message.has_attachments:
        for att in message.attachments:
            print(att.name)
            print(att.attachment_type)
            print(att.attachment_id)
            submail = mail_folder.get_message(object_id=att.attachment_id download_attachments=True)
            print(submail)

The line submail = mail_folder.get_message(object_id=att.attachment_id download_attachments=True) always return the parent mail, not the attachment.
Any idea ?


If a sentence or statement "makes sense", it can be understood by the people who read it or hear it.
"Chickens can't fly" makes sense, but "flies can't chicken" makes no sense at all.
Einstein's theory of relativity made sense to very few people when he first wrote about it.
For advanced learners: The expression "it doesn't make sense" can mean it's so badly expressed that it's meaningless, or that the idea being expressed, or the language being used, is too advanced for the listener to comprehend.


text:
Q: How to create circle or buffer of 1 KM around specified waypoint in arcGIS JAVA SDK? I'm using this code snippet to draw circle, Circle shape is fine but circle covers even thousand km during zoom-out. I need to fix this circle around specified radius.
     private void addPointGraphic(double lat, double lng, float radius) {

        if (graphicsOverlay != null) {
            Viewpoint viewpoint = new Viewpoint(latitude, longitude, 12);
            final ListenableFuture<Boolean> viewpointSetFuture = mapView.setViewpointAsync(viewpoint, 5);
            SimpleMarkerSymbol pointSymbol = new SimpleMarkerSymbol(SimpleMarkerSymbol.Style.CIRCLE, color, radius);
            pointSymbol.setOutline(new SimpleLineSymbol(SimpleLineSymbol.Style.SOLID, hexGreen, 1.5f));
            Point point = new Point(lng, lat, SpatialReferences.getWgs84());

            Graphic pointGraphic = new Graphic(point, pointSymbol);
            graphicsOverlay.getGraphics().add(pointGraphic);

        }
    }

A: The ArcGIS Runtime SDK for Java has many samples available for different workflows.
Perhaps the Buffer sample suits what you are trying to do:
https://github.com/Esri/arcgis-runtime-samples-java/tree/master/geometry/buffer
Esri's GeoNet forums also have dedicated message boards for all the SDKs, so any perticular questions regarding the Java SDK might get more visibility from that community there:
https://community.esri.com/t5/arcgis-runtime-sdk-for-java/bd-p/arcgis-runtime-sdk-for-java-questions


text:
Stories Photos Classifieds Everything
Monett Times
Stories from Saturday, September 5, 2015
Diamond - TS Whites Sheep and Goat Sale (Agriculture Report ~ 09/05/15)
Murray Bishoff: A bridge over troubled waters (Column ~ 09/05/15)
This week, the U.S. Justice Department released its report on the police response to the shooting death of Michael Brown and the management of the public protests in Ferguson. With more than 50 law enforcement agencies responding, the Justice Department found no lack of poor communication between agencies...
Monett softball downs rival Cassville (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Monett softball team earned a 16-7 victory over Cassville on Thursday night. Every Lady Cubs batter collected at least one hit in the contest. Haley Williams earned the victory on the mound. Monett hosts Lamar on Tuesday at 5 p.m.
Cubs soccer wins 5th consecutive game (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Monett soccer team improved to 5-1 on the season with a 9-0 victory over Logan-Rogersville on Thursday. Monett freshman Jason Puente scored two goals for the Cubs. Monett travels to Carl Junction on Tuesday. Kickoff is set for 5 p.m.
Monett volleyball drops 2 to Reeds Spring (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Monett volleyball team fell, 25-19 and 25-20, to Reeds Spring on Thursday. The Lady cubs were led by Kalene Shanks with two service aces, four kills and one block. Monett lost the junior varsity match, 25-8, 25-11, but won the freshmen match, 25-19, 29-15...
Lady Cubs tennis falls to Clever, 7-2 (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Monett tennis team fell to Clever on Tuesday, 7-2. Monett's Lauren Bass won 9-7 in the No. 2 singles event, and the doubles duo of Katie Tinklepaugh and Brooke Ogle prevailed 8-6 for the Lady Cubs' lone victories. Monett travels to Bolivar on Tuesday...
Purdy tops Verona in volleyball action (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Purdy girls volleyball team topped Verona, 25-16 and 25-20, in Ozark 7 Conference volleyball action on Thursday. Purdy was led by Layne Skiles with seven kills and four service aces. Verona was led by Nicole Stephenson with six kills. On Tuesday, Purdy hosts Thomas Jefferson and Verona travels to Marionville...
Lamar spikers top Pierce City (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The Pierce City volleyball team dropped two sets, 25-13 and 27-25, to Lamar on Thursday. The Lady Eagles fell to 0-4 on the year. Pierce City travels to East Newton on Tuesday.
Championship marks Monett Speedway season's end (Community Sports ~ 09/05/15)
Sunday night will mark the final night of racing in Monett as the season concludes. Randy Mooneyham, track owner, has spent all week making preparations for the final event. "We are ready for a great night of racing," He said. "We have the best drivers here to conclude the season."...
Lamar edges Monett in Cubs' home opener (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
Monett (2-1, 2-1) came up short, 29-12, in a slugfest with Lamar (3-0, 3-0) on Friday in their football home opener. Monett's defense was tested early and often by the four-time defending Class 2 state champions, including on the first drive of the game. Lamar returned the opening kickoff to the Cubs' 20-yard line...
Monett Elementary names Students of the Week (Features ~ 09/05/15)
Monett Elementary honored "polite and respectful" as Students of the Week Aug. 24.
Monett Intermediate School Students of the Month (Features ~ 09/05/15)
Officials at Monett Intermediate School have announced the sixth grade students named as August Cubs of the Month.
Dorcas Ladies Aid hosts salad supper (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Karen Kleiboeker welcomed members and guests to the fifth annual Lutheran Women's Missionary League Ladies Aid Salad Supper, held Aug. 6, in the Fellowship Hall at Trinity Lutheran Church. A total of 15 members and 18 guests attended. Connie Prater led guests in singing the worship/table prayer to the tune...
Grissoms named Barry County Farm Family at State Fair's Farm Family Day (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Joe and Nancy Grissom, of Purdy, were among the 110 families honored during the Missouri State Fair's Farm Family Day Aug. 17.
Purdy High School Class of 1985 gathers for reunion (Features ~ 09/05/15)
The Purdy High School Class of 1985 recently celebrated its 30-year reunion.
Barry County DWI checkpoint results announced (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Captain Juan Villanueva, commanding officer of Troop D, Springfield, has announced the results of a driving while intoxicated saturation in Barry County held Aug. 29 and 30. "The goal of these enforcement operations was to detect intoxicated drivers and other violations that contribute to traffic crashes," Villanueva said. "The enforcement location was selected based on its high number of drinking and impairment-related traffic crashes."...
Pierce City church to celebrate 175 years (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Residents of Pierce City and the surrounding church fellowships are invited to enjoy Pierce City First Baptist Church in observing its 175th anniversary Sunday, Sept. 20. Festivities will start with the Sunday worship service at 10:15 a.m. A free luncheon, provided by the church and cooked by the Decatur Lodge of Pierce City, will follow at noon. ...
Alexander, Roller to wed (Engagement ~ 09/05/15)
Anessa Lynnette Alexander and William Mason Roller have announced their engagement and forthcoming marriage.
Monett couple has baby girl (Other Record ~ 09/05/15)
Scott and Teri Shorter, of Monett, announce the birth of their first child, Hope Elizabeth Shorter, born July 31, weighing 7 pounds and measuring 20 ½ inches.
News in brief (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
The Monett Senior Center will host a dance at 7 p.m. on Sept. 7 at 405 Dairy St. Volunteers at the Habitat for Humanity house in Monett will concentrate on painting today. Work begins at 8 a.m. at 117 E. Nellie. Anyone interested in volunteering may call Ron Overeem at 235-7710...
Chadd wins rifle (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
In a drawing held by the Wheaton Historical Society, in conjunction with the Wheaton Barbecue on Saturday, Jim Chadd, middle, of Cassville won the Henry commemorative rifle.
Monett marching band has first season performance (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Members of the Monett High School marching band warm up the crowd before the Cubs' home opener against Lamar Friday night.
Monett High School to celebrate homecoming Friday (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Monett High School will celebrate its football homecoming celebration on Friday, as the Cubs will take on Mt. Vernon at Burl Fowler Stadium. The theme for homecoming is "Get Your Cray On," using the urban slang expression for "crazy." The cheerleaders selected activities for the week remotely connected to the theme. ...
New crosswalk sign installed by school (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
Street signs may appear clear and simple to motorists, but sometimes, putting them together is like getting furniture from IKEA.
Pierce City schools start new policy (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
The Pierce City school district has implemented a policy involving several methods of notifying students and parents when classes are cancelled or delayed due to inclement weather. "Sometimes, it's difficult to know when to call off classes," said Superintendent Russ Moreland. "At 5:30 a.m., when the decision has to be made, the roads might be dangerous. But at 10 a.m., weather conditions and road conditions may have improved, making it safer for students to travel."...
Patty Leach to retire from Monett schools (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
A familiar face will leave the Monett school district at the end of this school year. Patty Leach, who has served the district for 26 years, most of that as the secretary of the Board of Education, has submitted her letter of retirement. Leach began her tenure under Superintendent Thomas Kurucz...
Springfield man injured in motorcycle wreck (Local News ~ 09/05/15)
A Springfield man suffered minor injuries Saturday in a wreck at 11:45 a.m. on Highway 248 in Jenkins. According to the Missouri State Highway Patrol report, Dennis Tindell, 55, of Springfield, was driving a 2007 Victory motorcycle westbound on Highway 248 when his bike traveled off the right side of the roadway and overturned...
Host Jasper defeats Pierce City, 27-14 (High School Sports ~ 09/05/15)
The injury bug continued to bite Pierce City Friday night, as the Eagles came out on the losing end of a 27-14 decision in Jasper. Pierce City, who lost starting quarterback Gage Brown to a MCL strain last week, saw other stars leave the game with injuries Friday, including junior wide receiver, defensive back and return specialist Brian Parra-Navarro and junior running back/linebacker Jordan Cruz. Pierce City also lost the services of starting center David Cruz, a senior...
Browse other days
© 2020 Monett Timess, a division of Rust Publishing MOARCASS, L.L.C. All rights reserved.


"When you first install the app, you'll be able to personalize your content based on categories that apply to your business. These interests range from Design, Development, and Analytics to Games, Monetization, and more. You can even set the language for the app, and the country you're in. Swipe left on stories to mark them as read, or share, save, or dismiss them. Unfortunately, you can't play videos in the app as it opens the native YouTube app. But articles open in Chrome Custom Tabs for quicker loading.
It looks like this is something more than 'just for developers'.
Anyone can get a hold of it…and that's good.
In your Gmailbox they place coupons for Nyquil and cortisone cream.
Next post How long will your Nexus device be supported?


Instructions: Change the dialog to the reported form. Tell what each person did and said.
Mrs. Cantor: (comes into the living room) What are you doing, Andy?
Andy: (looks up) I'm fixing my radio.
Mrs. Cantor: Where's your sister?
Andy: She's in the kitchen making a sandwich.
Mrs. Cantor: (runs into the kitchen) Dolores! Don't eat anything before dinner!
Dolores: (quickly swallows a piece of cake) Mom, I'm starving!
Mrs. Cantor: Have some cheese, but don't eat the cake.
Dolores: There isn't any cheese left. I ate it yesterday.
Mrs. Cantor: (speaks angrily) Go to the store and buy some more because I'm making lasagna tonight.
Dolores: Okay, I will. I'll go when I finish my homework.
Andy: (enters the kitchen) Mom, when's Dad coming home?
Dolores: He's working late tonight, remember?
Mrs. Cantor: I completely forgot!
Andy: Don't worry, Mom. He doesn't like your lasagna anyway.
Mrs. Cantor came into the living room and asked her son, Andy, what he was doing. He looked up and answered that he was fixing his radio. Mrs. Cantor asked him where his sister was. He told her that she was in the kitchen making a sandwich. Mrs. Cantor ran into the kitchen and ordered Dolores not to eat anything before dinner. Dolores quickly swallowed a piece of cake and exclaimed to her mother that she was starving. Mrs. Cantor told her to have some cheese but not to eat the cake. Dolores informed her mother that there wasn't any cheese left because she had eaten it the day before. Mrs. Cantor spoke angrily and ordered Dolores to go to the store and to buy some more because she was making lasagna that night. Dolores agreed and said that she would go when she finished her homework. Andy entered the kitchen and asked his mother when his father was coming home. Dolores reminded him that their father was working late that night. Mrs. Cantor exclaimed that she had completely forgotten. Andy told his mother not to worry because his father didn't like her lasagna anyway.