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jive.conc

jive.conc.observable

jive.conc.Promise

jive.oo

jive.oo.Class

Object

				Class jive.conc.observable

Defined in:  observable.js.

Class Summary

						Constructor Attributes
						Constructor Name and Description

								jive.conc.observable(klass)

This is a mix in that can add methods to any object for emitting events and
for registering event listeners.

Method Summary

							Method Attributes
							Method Name and Description

addListener(type, listener)

Registers an event listener on the receiver for the given type of event.

emit(type, eventParams)

Emits an event, thus causing any event listeners registered on the
receiver for that event to be invoked asynchronously.

emitP(type, eventParams)

Behaves the same as `emit()` except that this function creates a promise
which is passed with the event as an additional event parameter and that
is returned by `eventP()`.

listeners(type)

Returns an array of event listeners (functions) registered on the
receiver for the given type of event.

proxyListener(emitter, type, newType, listener)

Listens for an event from emitter and automatically re-emits the same
event.

removeListener(type, listener)

Un-registers the given listener from the receiver as a listener for the
given type of event.

					Class Detail

						jive.conc.observable(klass)

This is a mix in that can add methods to any object for emitting events and
for registering event listeners.  This can be useful, for example, to create
view classes that emit events that a controller class can listen to and
handle.  That way view classes can push information to the controller
without having to know about the implementation of the controller.

jive.conc.observable is a function.  Call it with some object as an argument
and it will add methods to that object.  For example:

var MyClass = function(...) { ... };
jive.conc.observable(MyClass.prototype);

var myObj = new MyClass();
myObj.addListener('someChange', function(changedValue) {
    alert(changedValue + ' just changed!');
});
myObj.listeners('someChange');  //=> [function(changedValue) { ... }]

The events that jive.conc.observable makes possible are completely distinct
from DOM events.  These events are triggered on JavaScript objects, not DOM
elements.  However as with DOM events, listeners registered via
jive.conc.observable will be called asynchronously.  That means that
whatever bit of code emits an event will have to return control to the event
loop before any event listeners are called.

Events may include any number of event parameters, which will be passed as
arguments to event listeners.

Event listeners will be invoked in the context of the observable object.  So
in the body of an event listener this will refer to the object that
emitted the event.

Parameters:

								{Object}  klass

object to mix observable methods into

					Method Detail

					{jive.conc.observable}
					addListener(type, listener)

Registers an event listener on the receiver for the given type of event.
When that event is emitted by the receiver listener will be invoked
asynchronously with any event parameters as arguments.

Parameters:

									{string} type

type of event to listen for

									{Function} listener

function to invoke when the given event occurs

Returns:

{jive.conc.observable} returns the receiver so that this method can be cascaded

					{jive.conc.observable}
					emit(type, eventParams)

Emits an event, thus causing any event listeners registered on the
receiver for that event to be invoked asynchronously.  Any event
parameters that are given will be passed as arguments to event
listeners.

Parameters:

									{string} type

type of event to emit

									{...any} eventParams
									Optional

zero or more event parameters to pass as arguments to event listeners

Returns:

{jive.conc.observable} returns the receiver so that this method can be cascaded

					{jive.conc.Promise}
					emitP(type, eventParams)

Behaves the same as emit() except that this function creates a promise
which is passed with the event as an additional event parameter and that
is returned by eventP().

Parameters:

									{string} type

type of event to emit

									{...any} eventParams
									Optional

zero or more event parameters to pass as arguments to event listeners

Returns:

{jive.conc.Promise} returns a promise that is also passed with event parameters

Requires:

jive.conc.Promise

					{Function[]}
					listeners(type)

Returns an array of event listeners (functions) registered on the
receiver for the given type of event.  Returns an empty array if no
listeners are registered.

Parameters:

									{string} type

listeners for this type of event will be returned

Returns:

{Function[]} array of event listeners

					{jive.conc.observable}
					proxyListener(emitter, type, newType, listener)

Listens for an event from emitter and automatically re-emits the same
event.  If newType is given the event will be re-emitted with
that name instead of the original event name.  If listener is given it
will be registered as an event handler in addition to re-emitting
events.

Listeners registered for the re-emitted event will run in the context of
the receiver of proxyListener, not the original emitter of the event.

Parameters:

									{jive.conc.observable} emitter

event emitting object to proxy events from

									{string} type

type of event to listen for

									{string} newType
									Optional

type of the event that will be re-emitted

									{Function} listener
									Optional

callback function to register as an event listener

Returns:

{jive.conc.observable} returns the receiver so that this method can be cascaded

					{jive.conc.observable}
					removeListener(type, listener)

Un-registers the given listener from the receiver as a listener for the
given type of event.  If no listener argument is given removes all
listeners for the given event type.

Parameters:

									{string} type

type of event to stop listening for

									{Function} listener
									Optional

specific listener to remove

Returns:

{jive.conc.observable} returns the receiver so that this method can be cascaded

			Documentation generated by JsDoc Toolkit 2.3.2 on Thu Apr 19 2012 13:59:54 GMT-0700 (PDT)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Environmental activities: to conserve the surrounding of the island, to help in prevention of forest fires and to help to clean seaweed wearing neoprene clothes in the South Island. Participate in the information activities to visitors and to help physical disabled (wheelchair or old people) visitors and to collaborate with the Environment Service of the National Park.
The General Direction for Youth, Participation and Volunteering has among its powers to promote work camps in the region of Galicia. This general direction belongs to the Ministry of Social Policy of the regional government of Galicia (www.xunta.gal). The Work Camp of the Cies Islands is an activity that has been carried out continuously in the Islands since 1979, except in the year of the Prestige disaster.
Leisure and sport activities (snorkel). Visit by fishing boat around the islands. Note: These activities are for your guidance and may be changed in the development of work camp.
Participants will be accommodated in tents in the work camp of Cies Islands (Vigo-Pontevedra). The site also has buildings as dining room and bathrooms. Breakfast, lunch and dinner will be provided by specialized staff.
It is necessary to come with a sleeping bag and bathroom towels.


When I first moved back to Portland, I started doing a weekly language exchange with a guy from Lebanon. He has a Ph.D from an American university, and worked as an engineer here in Portland, so suffice to say that I probably benefited from the exchange, linguistically, more than he did. I'm quite grateful, actually, that he was patient enough with my very-beginner level Arabic – which sadly hasn't advanced much in the past year.
This post, however, is not about the lamentable state of my progress in Arabic. It's about food. Although my language partner said that he was not much of a chef, when he came to one of our parties he brought a large container of homemade hummus. It was totally smooth, perfectly seasoned and unbelievably delicious in just about every way.
I've always been a fan of hummus. In New York, we used to buy it from Trader Joes until we started trying to limit the number of plastic containers we used. At that time I tried to make hummus for the first time, but totally by hand: We didn't have a blender or a food processor. I'm sure there are people out there that can make a perfectly smooth hummus without modern technology, but I am not one of them.
So as I work towards mastering Lebanese cuisine, it seems fitting that I would start with a simple hummus. This time, though, I used a blender. I'm happy to report that although there was room for improvement, it worked. My husband, remembering the chunky, hand-whipped hummus of the past, looked on dubiously as I prepared the hummus, but by the time he saw the finished product, sprinkled with paprika and with a drizzle of olive oil, and tasted the first bite, he was asking me to make hummus for an event he's hosting next week.
Soak the garbanzo beans for at least four hours, preferably longer. Discard any beans that float to the top. After the soak, discard the water, pour the beans into a pot, fill the pot with enough water to cover them, and simmer for an hour or until they are soft (test by popping one in your mouth!).
When the beans are ready and soft, put the garlic, tahini and olive oil in a blender or food processor. Add the cooked garbanzo beans, as well as about two tablespoons of the cooking water.
Whip it all together. If it seems too thick, add in some of the garbanzo beans' cooking water or some olive oil.
Add the salt, paprika and cumin to taste.
Yes, it's that simply. Why didn't I do this before?
Serve in a bowl, sprinkle with more paprika and drizzle with olive oil.
What you eat the hummus with is your business – we didn't have any pita bread (perhaps that will be something to make for next time?) and we ate our hummus with a tortilla.


text:
Parade of smiles visits residents of San Angelo's state supported living center
Colin Murphey | San Angelo Standard-Times
SAN ANGELO — Residents of the state supported living center north of San Angelo were greeted by a procession of visitors Saturday morning as a Parade of Smiles paid a visit to the facility. The parade was an effort to show support for residents who have been largely isolated from the outside world during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Andrea Souflee, director of community relations and volunteer services with the San Angelo State Supported Living Center, said the parade was intended to demonstrate to residents that, despite the restrictions due to the pandemic, the local community has not forgotten them.
"We have a parade of smiles for the residents to cheer them up," Souflee said. "They have been campus bound since March. They haven't been able to see visitors or volunteers. We just wanted to let them know that the community thinks of them, has not forgotten them and loves them. They care about them and want to show their support. We love the amount of support from the community."
The center, which is operated by Texas Health and Human Services, provides campus-based services and support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who are medically fragile or who have behavioral problems, according to the state website. There are 13 locations in Texas including, Abilene, Austin, Brenham, Corpus Christi, Denton, El Paso, Lubbock, Lufkin, Mexia, Richmond, Rio Grande and San Antonio.
Colin Murphey is a photojournalist covering all things in West Texas for the San Angelo Standard-Times. Send him a news tip at CMurphey@gannett.com. Consider supporting West Texas journalism with a subscription to GoSanAngelo.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We are the company behind QOR an open source SDK for e-commerce and CMS development written in Go.
We aim to hire the top professionals we can find around the globe, because great people make great things happen and we have some of the best people in the business working for us. Our teams are distributed over several continents with offices in Japan, China and Australia.


text:
Facial Recognition Company Hacked, Leaking Billions Of Photos
Photos are a new kind of currency, and gaining in value. Clearview AI is a facial recognition startup used by hundreds of law enforcement agencies around the country. The company was hacked, giving the hackers access to literally billions of photographs.
In addition to the images themselves, the hackers gained access to Clearview's customer list. This included the number of accounts each customer has on file and the number of searches each customer made against the image database.
Clearview has already sent a notification out to their clients, which read in part as follows:
"Security is Clearview's top priority. Unfortunately, data breaches are part of life in the 21st century. Our servers were never accessed. We patched the flaw and continue to work to strengthen our security."
Clearview's business model has gotten it into some trouble since they first started. The company is in the habit of scraping images from big-name sites around the web, many of which have issued cease and desist orders against the firm. Although the company has complied with these orders, they did not return the images scraped. That allowed them to very quickly compile a database of unprecedented size, scope and scale.
Unfortunately, their massive database has also made them a tempting target. It's really no surprise that hackers made the attempt and that ultimately, that attempt succeeded.
Clearview's security practices are quite good and the company has a number of built in safeguards to protect the integrity of the data they collect. Clearly though, the hackers have the upper hand here, a fact which is not likely to change anytime soon. Given that, we can expect to see more attacks like this going forward and the potential damage could be catastrophic, given who this company's customers are.
Nvidia GPU Users Should Update As New Security Patches Released
Hackers Had Access To Flipboard User Information
Google Hangouts Extending Support Until Next Year
PC Users Beware Of Downloader For Zoom Created By Hackers


Daniel Stephen Chertudi (Registration# 4634234) is an attorney registered with New York State, Office of Court Administration. The admitted year is 2008. The next registration is in Oct 2018.
Daniel Stephen Chertudi is an attorney admitted to practice in New York State in 2008. The registration number with NYS Office of Court Administration (OCA) is #4634234. The company or organization that Daniel Stephen Chertudi serves is Amazon.com. The office address is P.o. Box 81226, Seattle, WA 98108-1226. The phone number is (206) 435-8808. The law school graduated is Georgetown University.
Please comment or provide details below to improve the information on Daniel Stephen Chertudi.


The hotel offers 141 spacious guestrooms - including 59 suites – all with beautiful views overlooking the park. Chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten drives the hotel's dining experiences and the signature restaurant. The Hotel also counts with chef's table, a bar, a wine cellar, a lobby and lounge bar, all with outdoor terraces.
Additional facilities include 9 function rooms, including a ballroom for up to 530 guests with terraces overlooking the park. The Hotel also features a fitness centre, indoor & outdoor pool and kids club.
Encolsed by Burle Max park, Tangará is an incredible Oasis for those looking for comfort and silence when staying in São Paulo.
This room showcases stylish décor with soft contemporary accents. There is a walk-in closet and a generously size bathroom with twin vanity unit, separate glass shower and bathtub.
Enjoy 109 square meters of pure comfort. A large dinning area has a table for six and a bar area. In each suite there is a over sized master bathroom and a sofa-bed.
Morumbi houses the São Paulo football stadium, the famous Einstein hospital, the seat of the São Paulo government Palacio dos Bandeirantes and the popular American School Graded.


text:
. Show me the
Animal Rights— The right of animals to be free from exploitation, domination and abuse by humans.
Domesticated and Feral Animals— Domesticated: Trained or adapted to be of use to humans. Feral: Returned to an untamed state after domestication.
Free-living Animals & Their Environment— To live free, animals need a place to live.
Wildlife Law Program— The Wildlife Law Program focuses on the defense of wildlife and their habitats throughout the world.
Primarily Primates— FoA has joined with the nation's original primate sanctuary, Primarily Primates.
Spaying & Neutering— Since 1957, FoA has facilitated over two million spay/neuter procedures.
Vegan Advocacy— The direct application of the principles of animal rights.
Chimpanzee Refuge Project— The Gambian Chimpanzee Sanctuary
In Our View— Read Friends of Animals' views on pressing animal protection issues.
Take Action— Help save America's wild horses.
News— Get up-to-date on the latest stories, investigations and alerts.
FoA in the News— We've been in the news! See FoA's press appearances in this section
Press Releases— Find an archive of all our releases here.
Sixty Minutes Interview— 60 Minutes interview of Friends of Animals.
All Articles Summer/Fall 2020— Browse the full edition of our magazine
Pandemic Prevention– FoA takes on 'miracle cure' industry
Let Your Garden Grow— FoA is shifting minds & diets in Senegal
How to be Less Trashy— 20 tips for reducing waste
It's Not Easy being Green— So let's be frog-friendlier
Vote for the Planet— and all its inhabitants this election
About Us— A brief history of Friends of Animals. And a look at our future.
Our Success— A list of our different accomplishments.
What We Believe— A guide to our fundamental values as an organization.
Frequently Asked Questions— Our answers to a few common questions.
Meet Our Staff— Find out who we are and why we have found our passion at FoA.
Contact— Send us a message with your questions or comments.
Animal Rights – — The right of animals to be free from exploitation, domination and abuse by humans.
Domesticated and Feral Animals – — Domesticated: Trained or adapted to be of use to humans. Feral: Returned to an untamed state after domestication.
Free-living Animals & Their Environment – — To live free, animals need a place to live.
Wildlife Law Program – — The Wildlife Law Program focuses on the defense of wildlife and their habitats throughout the world.
Primarily Primates – — FoA has joined with the nation's original primate sanctuary, Primarily Primates.
Spaying & Neutering – — Since 1957, FoA has facilitated over two million spay/neuter procedures.
Vegan Advocacy – — The direct application of the principles of animal rights.
Chimpanzee Refuge Project – — The Gambian Chimpanzee Sanctuary
In Our View – — Read Friends of Animals' views on pressing animal protection issues.
Take Action – — Help save America's wild horses.
News – — Get up-to-date on the latest stories, investigations and alerts.
FoA in the News – — We've been in the news! See FoA's press appearances in this section
Press Releases – — Find an archive of all our releases here.
Sixty Minutes Interview – — 60 Minutes interview of Friends of Animals.
All Articles Summer/Fall 2020 – — Browse the full edition of our magazine
Pandemic Prevention – – FoA takes on 'miracle cure' industry
Let Your Garden Grow – — FoA is shifting minds & diets in Senegal
How to be Less Trashy – — 20 tips for reducing waste
It's Not Easy being Green – — So let's be frog-friendlier
Vote for the Planet – — and all its inhabitants this election
About Us – — A brief history of Friends of Animals. And a look at our future.
Our Success – — A list of our different accomplishments.
What We Believe – — A guide to our fundamental values as an organization.
Frequently Asked Questions – — Our answers to a few common questions.
Meet Our Staff – — Find out who we are and why we have found our passion at FoA.
Contact – — Send us a message with your questions or comments.
Home > News & Alerts > oregon
FoA sues BLM for trying to sterilize and force Oregon's wild horses into zoo-like setting
By Nicole Rivard
Friends of Animals has filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court in Oregon challenging the Bureau of Land...
FoA's victory for Oregon's wild horses shows BLM broke the law
By Meghan McIntire
In August of 2016, the Bureau of Land Management snatched 150 wild horses from within and adjacent to the...
Sixty Minutes Interview
About Us and Programs
About Friends of Animals
Friends of Animals
Advocating for animals since 1957
© Copyright 2021 Friends of Animals. All Rights Reserved.


text:
La France couronnée championne du monde pour la deuxième fois, la Croatie termine deuxième
Modric remporte le Ballon d'Or adidas et Kane le Soulier d'Or adidas
Le bronze pour la Belgique, l'Angleterre quatrième
La Coupe du Monde de la FIFA, Russie 2018™ aura été palpitante de bout en bout. La 21ème édition de l'épreuve a également produit d'innombrables moments qui resteront vivement gravés dans la mémoire collective de ceux qui aiment le beau jeu. De Kaliningrad à Iekaterinbourg en passant par Saint-Pétersbourg et Sotchi, les célébrations et les sourires ont été nombreux chez les millions de personnes qui s'étaient réunies pour savourer un véritable festival de football. Les buts ont été au rendez-vous : le premier match nul sur un score nul et vierge de ce Russie 2018 est arrivé après 36 matches. Jamais dans une Coupe du Monde on avait attendu aussi longtemps avant d'assister au premier 0-0 d'une édition.
La France a été couronnée championne du monde pour la deuxième fois de son histoire après son sacre inaugural en tant que pays hôte en 1998. Sa victoire sur la Croatie sur le score de 4-2 a été conquise au terme d'une finale qui restera comme la plus palpitante de l'histoire. À 19 ans, Kylian Mbappé est devenu le deuxième joueur le plus jeune de l'histoire, après Pelé à 17 ans en 1958, à marquer dans une finale de Coupe du Monde. Les buts et le rendement du milieu de terrain Paul Pogba et de l'attaquant Antoine Griezmann ont également été cruciaux dans ce deuxième sacre mondial des Bleus.
Russie 2018 : les meilleures photos de la finale
France v Croatia - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Paul Pogba of France celebrates with the World Cup Trophy following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by David Ramos - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Olivier Giroud of France celebrates with the World Cup Trophy
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Olivier Giroud of France celebrates with the World Cup Trophy and his teammates following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Hugo Lloris of France lifts the World Cup trophy to celebrate with his teammates after the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
Olivier Giroud of France celebrates following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Olivier Giroud of France celebrates following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Antoine Griezmann of France celebrates with the World Cup trophy following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Paul Pogba of France kisses the World Cup trophy following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
France players celebrate winning the World Cup following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: France players celebrate winning the World Cup following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
Samuel Umtiti of France celebrates following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Samuel Umtiti of France celebrates following his sides victory in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Kylian Mbappe of France receives the Best Young Player award following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
Paul Pogba of France celebrates victory following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Paul Pogba of France celebrates victory following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Dan Mullan/Getty Images)
Luka Modric of Croatia and Kylian Mbappe of France pose respectively with their the adidas Golden Ball and with the FIFA Young Player award
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Luka Modric of Croatia and Kylian Mbappe of France pose respectively with their the adidas Golden Ball and with the FIFA Young Player award following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Lars Baron - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Luka Modric of Croatia poses with his Golden Ball award after the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
Artist Nicky Jam performs during the closing ceremony prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Artist Nicky Jam performs during the closing ceremony prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Catherine Ivill/Getty Images)
Former German International Footballer, Philipp Lahm and Philanthropist, Natalia Vodianova present the 2018 FIFA World Cup Original Trophy
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Former German International Footballer, Philipp Lahm and Philanthropist, Natalia Vodianova present the 2018 FIFA World Cup Original Trophy ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Kevin C. Cox/Getty Images)
Former German International Footballer, Philipp Lahm presents the 2018 FIFA World Cup Original Trophy ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Former German International Footballer, Philipp Lahm presents the 2018 FIFA World Cup Original Trophy ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Mike Hewitt - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Mario Mandzukic of Croatia scores an own goal to put France in front 1-0 during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
Paul Pogba and Blaise Matuidi of France celebrates after Mario Mandzukic of Croatia scores an own goal
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Paul Pogba and Blaise Matuidi of France celebrates after Mario Mandzukic of Croatia scores an own goal for France's first goal during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
Croatia fan looks on ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: A Croatia fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
France fans looks on ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: France fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
France fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: France fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
Ivan Perisic of Croatia looks dejected following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Ivan Perisic of Croatia looks dejected following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Dan Mullan/Getty Images)
Hugo Lloris of France looks dejected after Ivan Perisic of Croatia scores his team's first goal
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Hugo Lloris of France looks dejected after Ivan Perisic of Croatia scores his team's first goal pass to make the score 1-1 during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
France fans celebrate during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: France fans celebrate during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by David Ramos - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Mario Mandzukic of Croatia scores an own goal from Antoine Griezmann of France's free-kick
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Mario Mandzukic of Croatia scores an own goal from Antoine Griezmann of France's free-kick for France's first goal during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Pool/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Artist Will Smith performs during the closing ceremony prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
Domagoj Vida of Croatia reacts during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 15: Domagoj Vida of Croatia reacts during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 15, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Ryan Pierse/Getty Images)
Les moments-clés
Kazan fatale au géant : La Kazan Arena a été le théâtre de l'élimination de plusieurs poids lourds de l'épreuve. L'Allemagne, tenante du trophée au coup d'envoi de Russie 2018, a été battue 2-0 par la République de Corée et n'est donc pas sortie de la phase de groupes pour la première fois de sa riche histoire. Toujours à Kazan, l'Argentine de Lionel Messi a chuté en huitièmes de finale, dans l'un des matches les plus palpitants du tournoi, gagné 4-3 par la France grâce notamment à un Mbappé sur un nuage. Ce fut ensuite au tour du Brésil de mordre la poussière à Kazan, avec la défaite de Neymar et compagnie face à la Belgique en quarts de finale.
Les surprises : À Russie 2018, certaines nations se sont hissées à un niveau qu'elles n'avaient jamais atteint dans la compétition. En terminant troisième, la Belgique fait mieux que sa quatrième place de 1986 et réalise le meilleur classement de son histoire dans l'épreuve. Les joueurs dirigés par Roberto Martinez ont marqué le plus grand nombre de buts (16) parmi les 32 équipes engagées dans la compétition. L'Uruguay et la Croatie font également partie des révélations du tournoi. Les deux équipes ont bouclé la phase de groupes avec le maximum de points possibles. En atteignant les quarts de finale, la Russie réussit sa meilleure performance depuis l'Union soviétique en 1970. La Suède n'avait quant à elle plus atteint les quarts de finale depuis États-Unis 1994. Enfin, la Croatie a disputé la première finale de Coupe du Monde de son histoire.
Les fans et les hôtes créent une atmosphère de carnaval : Dans les diverses FIFA Fan Fests, dans les rues de toutes les villes hôtes, et bien sûr à l'intérieur des stades, les fans ont fait de cette Coupe du Monde un moment unique. Ces supporters ont apporté leurs chants, leurs couleurs et, surtout, un soutien inconditionnel à leurs équipes respectives. Cerise sur le gâteau : ils ont été accueillis chaleureusement par la population russe.
Les fans à Russie 2018
Brazil v Switzerland: Group E - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
ROSTOV-ON-DON, RUSSIA - JUNE 17: General view inside the stadium during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group E match between Brazil and Switzerland at Rostov Arena on June 17, 2018 in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. (Photo by Lars Baron - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Russia v Saudi Arabia: Group A - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 14: A Russia fan shows their support prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Group A match between Russia and Saudi Arabia at Luzhniki Stadium on June 14, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Lars Baron - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Spain v Russia: Round of 16 - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 01: A Russia fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Spain and Russia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 1, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
Uruguay v Saudi Arabia: Group A - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
ROSTOV-ON-DON, RUSSIA - JUNE 20: Uruguay fans show their support during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group A match between Uruguay and Saudi Arabia at Rostov Arena on June 20, 2018 in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. (Photo by Mike Hewitt - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 14: A Saudi Arabia fan looks on prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Group A match between Russia and Saudi Arabia at Luzhniki Stadium on June 14, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Kevin C. Cox/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 01: Fans enjoy the pre-match atmosphere ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Spain and Russia at Luzhniki Stadium on July 1, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Mike Hewitt - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Portugal v Morocco: Group B - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 20: Morocco fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Portugal and Morocco at Luzhniki Stadium on June 20, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Dean Mouhtaropoulos/Getty Images)
Japan v Poland: Group H - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
VOLGOGRAD, RUSSIA - JUNE 28: Japan fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group H match between Japan and Poland at Volgograd Arena on June 28, 2018 in Volgograd, Russia. (Photo by Alex Livesey/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 20: Morocco fans enjoy the atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Portugal and Morocco at Luzhniki Stadium on June 20, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Simon Hofmann - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Denmark v France: Group C - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 26: A fan reacts during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between Denmark and France at Luzhniki Stadium on June 26, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Matthias Hangst/Getty Images)
France v Australia: Group C - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 16: An Australia fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between France and Australia at Kazan Arena on June 16, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
Senegal v Colombia: Group H - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SAMARA, RUSSIA - JUNE 28: Senegal fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group H match between Senegal and Colombia at Samara Arena on June 28, 2018 in Samara, Russia. (Photo by Simon Hofmann - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Russia v Egypt: Group A - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 19: A fan of Egypt looks on during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group A match between Russia and Egypt at Saint Petersburg Stadium on June 19, 2018 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. (Photo by Francois Nel/Getty Images)
Iran v Portugal: Group B - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SARANSK, RUSSIA - JUNE 25: An Iran supporter shows his emotions following defeat during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Iran and Portugal at Mordovia Arena on June 25, 2018 in Saransk, Russia. (Photo by Jan Kruger/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 26: Denmark fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between Denmark and France at Luzhniki Stadium on June 26, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
France v Peru: Group C - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
YEKATERINBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 21: A Peru fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between France and Peru at Ekaterinburg Arena on June 21, 2018 in Yekaterinburg, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
YEKATERINBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 21: Peru fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between France and Peru at Ekaterinburg Arena on June 21, 2018 in Yekaterinburg, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
Australia v Peru: Group C - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SOCHI, RUSSIA - JUNE 26: Peru fans enjoy the atmosphere during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between Australia and Peru at Fisht Stadium on June 26, 2018 in Sochi, Russia. (Photo by Stuart Franklin - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 16: A France fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between France and Australia at Kazan Arena on June 16, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
YEKATERINBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 21: A Peru fan looks dejected following their sides defeat in the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group C match between France and Peru at Ekaterinburg Arena on June 21, 2018 in Yekaterinburg, Russia. (Photo by Lars Baron - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Argentina v Iceland: Group D - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 16: An Argentina fan poses outside the stadium prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group D match between Argentina and Iceland at Spartak Stadium on June 16, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Clive Rose/Getty Images)
France v Argentina: Round of 16 - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 30: An Argentina fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between France and Argentina at Kazan Arena on June 30, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Alexander Hassenstein/Getty Images)
Costa Rica v Serbia: Group E - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SAMARA, RUSSIA - JUNE 17: A fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group E match between Costa Rica and Serbia at Samara Arena on June 17, 2018 in Samara, Russia. (Photo by Simon Hofmann - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Iceland v Croatia: Group D - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
ROSTOV-ON-DON, RUSSIA - JUNE 26: Iceland fan shows his support during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group D match between Iceland and Croatia at Rostov Arena on June 26, 2018 in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. (Photo by Maja Hitij - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Mexico v Sweden: Group F - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
YEKATERINBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 27: Mexico fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group F match between Mexico and Sweden at Ekaterinburg Arena on June 27, 2018 in Yekaterinburg, Russia. (Photo by Mike Hewitt - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Croatia v Nigeria: Group D - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
KALININGRAD, RUSSIA - JUNE 16: A fan poses for a photo ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group D match between Croatia and Nigeria at Kaliningrad Stadium on June 16, 2018 in Kaliningrad, Russia. (Photo by Jamie Squire - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Nigeria Fan Feature - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 22: (EDITORS NOTE: This image has been processed using digital filters) Nigeria fans pose during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia at Sheremetyevo Airport on June 22, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Ryan Pierse/Getty Images)
Brazil v Costa Rica: Group E - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA - JUNE 22: A Costa Rica fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group E match between Brazil and Costa Rica at Saint Petersburg Stadium on June 22, 2018 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. (Photo by Alex Livesey/Getty Images)
ROSTOV-ON-DON, RUSSIA - JUNE 17: A Brazil fan fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group E match between Brazil and Switzerland at Rostov Arena on June 17, 2018 in Rostov-on-Don, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
Serbia v Brazil: Group E - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 27: A Brazil fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group E match between Serbia and Brazil at Spartak Stadium on June 27, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Stuart Franklin - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Brazil v Belgium: Quarter Final - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JULY 06: Brazil fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Quarter Final match between Brazil and Belgium at Kazan Arena on July 6, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
SAMARA, RUSSIA - JUNE 28: A Senegal fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group H match between Senegal and Colombia at Samara Arena on June 28, 2018 in Samara, Russia. (Photo by Simon Hofmann - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Korea Republic v Germany: Group F - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 27: A Germany fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group F match between Korea Republic and Germany at Kazan Arena on June 27, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 27: A Germany fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group F match between Korea Republic and Germany at Kazan Arena on June 27, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Kevin C. Cox/Getty Images)
Sweden v Switzerland: Round of 16 - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA - JULY 03: Sweden fans celebrate victory following the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Sweden and Switzerland at Saint Petersburg Stadium on July 3, 2018 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. (Photo by Julian Finney/Getty Images)
Uruguay v Portugal: Round of 16 - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SOCHI, RUSSIA - JUNE 30: A Portugal fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Uruguay and Portugal at Fisht Stadium on June 30, 2018 in Sochi, Russia. (Photo by Francois Nel/Getty Images)
SARANSK, RUSSIA - JUNE 25: Iran fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Iran and Portugal at Mordovia Arena on June 25, 2018 in Saransk, Russia. (Photo by Clive Mason/Getty Images)
SAINT PETERSBURG, RUSSIA - JULY 03: Sweden fans show their support during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Sweden and Switzerland at Saint Petersburg Stadium on July 3, 2018 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. (Photo by Richard Heathcote/Getty Images)
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JUNE 27: A Germany fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group F match between Korea Republic and Germany at Kazan Arena on June 27, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Lars Baron - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
KAZAN, RUSSIA - JULY 06: Belgium fans show their support during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Quarter Final match between Brazil and Belgium at Kazan Arena on July 6, 2018 in Kazan, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
Panama v Tunisia: Group G - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
SARANSK, RUSSIA - JUNE 28: A Panama fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere ahead of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group G match between Panama and Tunisia at Mordovia Arena on June 28, 2018 in Saransk, Russia. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images)
Belgium v Tunisia: Group G - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 23: A Tunisia fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere during the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group G match between Belgium and Tunisia at Spartak Stadium on June 23, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Shaun Botterill/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JUNE 20: A Morocco fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Portugal and Morocco at Luzhniki Stadium on June 20, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Simon Hofmann - FIFA/FIFA via Getty Images)
Colombia v England: Round of 16 - 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 03: England fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Colombia and England at Spartak Stadium on July 3, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Ryan Pierse/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 03: Colombia fans enjoy the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Colombia and England at Spartak Stadium on July 3, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Ryan Pierse/Getty Images)
MOSCOW, RUSSIA - JULY 03: A Colombia fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia Round of 16 match between Colombia and England at Spartak Stadium on July 3, 2018 in Moscow, Russia. (Photo by Ryan Pierse/Getty Images)
SARANSK, RUSSIA - JUNE 25: An Portugal fan enjoys the pre match atmosphere prior to the 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia group B match between Iran and Portugal at Mordovia Arena on June 25, 2018 in Saransk, Russia. (Photo by Jan Kruger/Getty Images)
Émergence de stars : Si certains amateurs de football ne connaissaient pas encore Mbappé avant la confrontation entre la France et l'Argentine en huitièmes de finale, les présentations ont bel et bien eu lieu pendant cette rencontre. Le joueur de 19 ans a écœuré les Argentins par sa vitesse, sa technique et son talent de finisseur, contribuant largement à la victoire 4-3 d'une équipe de France qui a été menée au score au cours de cette partie. À l'occasion du succès 4-2 contre la Croatie, le joueur du Paris-Saint-Germain est devenu le deuxième footballeur le plus jeune de l'histoire à marquer en finale d'une Coupe du Monde. Denis Cheryshev n'oubliera pas non plus cette édition de la Coupe du Monde. La star russe a inscrit un doublé lors de la victoire 5-0 de son pays sur l'Arabie Saoudite dans le match d'ouverture. Il a en outre été déclaré Homme du Match à deux reprises et a marqué un but formidable dans un quart de finale qui s'est finalement soldé par une défaite aux tirs au but pour le pays hôte contre la Croatie. Le défenseur colombien de 23 ans Yerry Mina a lui aussi pesé lourd dans le parcours de son pays jusqu'en huitièmes de finale. Particulièrement habile de la tête, il a trouvé le chemin des filets lors de trois matches consécutifs des Cafeteros. Pas mal, surtout pour un défenseur.
MY LOVE 💍 pic.twitter.com/Ut72cZTLWU
— Kylian Mbappé (@KMbappe) July 15, 2018
Des légendes quittent l'arène : Plusieurs icônes du football mondial ont vécu leur dernière Coupe du Monde à Russie 2018. Javier Mascherano a disputé son 20ème et dernier match dans l'épreuve pour le compte de l'Argentine, Keisuke Honda son 11ème et dernier également pour le Japon. Auteur de l'unique but de la finale 2010, Andres Iniesta a joué son dernier match de Coupe du Monde à l'occasion de l'élimination de l'Espagne aux tirs au but contre la Russie en huitièmes de finale. Le Mexicain Rafael Marquez est quant à lui devenu le troisième joueur de l'histoire à disputer cinq éditions de la Coupe du Monde.
La VAR entre en scène : Russie 2018 restera dans les annales pour un certain nombre de raisons, parmi lesquelles l'avènement de la technologie dans le football grâce à l'introduction et l'utilisation de l'arbitrage avec assistance vidéo (VAR). Lors de la victoire de la France 2-1 sur l'Australie, Griezmann a converti le premier penalty accordé après utilisation de la VAR.
La stat
19 – 19 buts ont été inscrits dans le temps additionnel de la deuxième période à Russie 2018, ce qui constitue un nouveau record en Coupe du Monde. Neymar a marqué but le plus tardif au terme du temps réglementaire, à la 97ème minute de la rencontre gagnée 2-0 par le Brésil sur le Costa Rica (NDLR : le temps additionnel a été codifié officiellement en 1998)
Argentina Australie Belgique Brésil Colombie Costa Rica Croatie Danemark Egypte Angleterre France Allemagne Islande Iran Japon République de Corée Mexique Maroc Nigeria Panama Pérou Pologne Portugal Russie Arabie Saoudite Sénégal Serbie Espagne Suède Suisse Tunisie Uruguay
Toutes nos Visual Stories Russie 2018 : résumés vidéos des matches Histoire de la Coupe du Monde de la FIFA
Votez pour le But du Tournoi Hyundai !
Résumé : France 4-2 Croatie
Modric et la fierté du damier
Consolation en or pour Modric


text:
Uzbek cotton prices pegged to New York exchange quotes
Image from Westland.ru
Starting prices for Uzbek cotton are to be determined by sellers based upon futures quotes on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), according to a new presidential decree "On urgent measures to support the textile and sewing and weaving industry" signed on 6 May (in Russian).
The transition to a market-based price mechanism is forecast to lower the price of raw cotton by 10%. The decree accompanied the move with a number of measures to boost the domestic textile manufactures, including the provision of $300 million of credit to textile enterprises from state's Reconstruction and Development Fund.
The latest move to liberalise the cotton trade in Uzbekistan follows an earlier presidential decree in March this year abolishing the state-order system for cotton and grain. Fixed prices and state orders for cotton in Uzbekistan have been a hangover from Soviet times. Uzbekistan pursued a much more gradualist transition to market prices than Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, but most price controls were abolished or reduced by the late 1990s. They were retained in the case of cotton, however, due to the crucial role cotton revenue played in the state budget. By setting artificially low prices to purchase raw cotton from local farmers and selling at higher rates on the world market, the Uzbek state has for years been able to balance budgets in spite of a tax deficit. This approach led, though, to skilled cotton pickers preferring to cross into Kazakhstan for higher wages during harvest time and a reversion to relying on forced labour (of students, state workers, children) to bring in the crop – to widespread international condemnation (and an international boycott of Uzbek cotton). Since coming to power at the end of 2016, Mirziyoyev has vowed to transform the system.
The new decree is also part of ambitious plans to transition from being predominantly an exporter of raw cotton to focus on more value-added finished textile products. In April, Shavkat Mirziyoyev called on the domestic textile industry to increase the production of finished products by four or five times over the next five years, to diversify production and improve quality, and thereby capture a greater share of foreign markets. While Uzbekistan exported $1.6 billion of manufactured textiles in 2019, employing 365,000 people in the process, the ultimate goal is to raise this figure to $15 billion and employ more than 3 million people.
Uzbekistan will be only EECA country to see growth in 2020, World Bank predicts
Three quarters of surveyed Uzbeks in favour of joining EAEU
Cotton Campaign says end to boycott of Uzbek cotton premature
Tashkent calls on Cotton Campaign to end boycott of Uzbek cotton
Uzbekistan to liberate prices for most popular fuel, official promises price drop
Nothing but gains promised
The campaign to promote EAEU membership is underway in Uzbekistan
Artyom Kosmarski
$22,600 to travel the Great Silk Road. By train
Uzbekistan's Tourism Ambassador to the UK on how to develop the industry
What went wrong in Central Asia's coronavirus response?
How poor planning and a fixation on faulty test results undid months of hard work
"Another week and I wouldn't have got out of there alive"
Why patients in Uzbekistan fear ending up in hospital, and medics fear the end of the lockdown
The beshik – a 2,000-year-old tradition
How Uzbekistan's traditional cradles and accompanying ceremony have been a key component of family life for centuries
The first public protest action in Uzbekistan in defence of women's rights met with an aggressive reaction from much of society
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On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in vehicular manslaughter on Monday, March 26, 2018.
Anyone who has driven with several people in the car knows of the inherent distractions that this could cause. It could easily result in failing to see a traffic signal in time. However, police in California believe that a recent fatal crash was caused by a woman who was driving under the influence at the time, resulting in suspicions of vehicular manslaughter.
On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in criminal defense on Wednesday, March 21, 2018.
Television dramas would have viewers believe that there are families that are composed of several criminal masterminds. While these shows can be entertaining, they are not particularly reflective of reality. However, California police believe that a set of parents and their son murdered a family friend. The defendants in the case are now likely left planning their criminal defense.
On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in blog on Wednesday, March 21, 2018.
On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in vehicular manslaughter on Thursday, March 15, 2018.
Drivers in California must remain vigilant at all times. Unfortunately, even the safest of drivers can face unexpected obstacles, potentially including pedestrians in the street. When an accident occurs, some drivers may be unsure how to react, sometimes resulting in a flight-or-fight response that could ultimately create legal complications. In fact, a man is now suspected of vehicular manslaughter after he was allegedly involved in an incident involving a pedestrian.
On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in drug charges on Wednesday, March 7, 2018.
The unexpected death of a young person who seems to have had a long life to look forward to is always a tragedy. The desire for answers following such a loss is completely understandable. However, in many cases, authorities, surviving loved ones and members of the community want more than just answers; in some cases, they also want someone to blame. In fact, a California man faces drug charges following the death of a Marine.
On behalf of The Kent Law Firm posted in vehicular manslaughter on Thursday, March 1, 2018.
Because of how often people in California use a personal vehicle as a form of transportation, it is easy to become immune to the potential damage that a car accident can cause. Unfortunately, something as simple as drifting into oncoming traffic could ultimately have tragic consequences. In fact, a man is now charged with vehicular manslaughter after an accident reportedly left another man dead.


text:
package com.mpalourdio.springboottemplate.service;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ScopedProxyMode;

@Scope(value = "session", proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS)
public class UselessBean {

    private String testPro = "inclass";

    private final ABeanIWantToMockInterface aBeanIWantToMock;

    public UselessBean(ABeanIWantToMockInterface aBeanIWantToMock) {
        this.aBeanIWantToMock = aBeanIWantToMock;
    }

    public Boolean iWantToMockThisMethod() {
        return aBeanIWantToMock.iAlwaysReturnFalse();
    }

    public String getTestPro() {
        return testPro;
    }

    public void setTestPro(String testPro) {
        this.testPro = testPro;
    }

    public void testSerialization(ToSerialize toSerialize) {
        toSerialize.prop1 = "prop1updated";
    }
}


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text:
Kenosha Man Shot While Resisting Arrest Was Wanted on Felony Sex Crime Charge, Has Extensive Criminal History
They're burning the city over him.
Richard Moorhead
The Kenosha, Wisconsin man who was shot in an officer-involved shooting on Sunday has a lengthy criminal history, and it appears that he was wanted by authorities on various arrest warrants, one of them for a felony sex crime, when he was shot by Kenosha police.
Jacob Blake was shot while resisting arrest on Sunday. Video of the event shows Blake walking away from a police officer and opening his car door. A police officer shoots him multiple times when it appears he's retrieving an object, conceivably a weapon.
The Kenosha police shooting earlier today. The man was shot after he appeared to be retrieving something from his vehicle. pic.twitter.com/qbF9fMSSSP
— Richard (@Wildman_AZ) August 24, 2020
A Kenosha County judge approved an arrest warrant for Blake last month, on the basis of three criminal charges filed against him by the District Attorney. It appears that Blake is currently wanted on the felony charge of 3rd degree sexual assault, domestic abuse, criminal trespassing, and domestic assault.
https://t.co/vEQ1GxK3fn pic.twitter.com/7NGoi3ejif
— Cassandra Fairbanks (@CassandraRules) August 24, 2020
Initial reports had indicated that Blake had been merely "breaking up a fight" before the shooting incident, but it's more probable that the Kenosha police were executing the warrant for his arrest.
Blake was been booked into the Racine County Jail on two occasions in 2015 and 2016, with both incidents involving separate sets of criminal charges. He was most recently booked into jail on charges of domestic strangulation, battery, felony bail jumping and disorderly conduct in 2016.
pic.twitter.com/E1DH6eG8G9
A charging document from 2015 alleged that Blake pulled a gun during a bar fight, only for the magazine to fall out. The Racine County Eye reported upon attempts of the Racine Police to apprehend Blake with the use of a K9 dog.
Jacob Blake pulled a gun on a guy in a bar fight in 2015 and the magazine fell out. pic.twitter.com/pPqRWvIJ5l
This guy was a repeat felon wanted on sex crimes charges. It's not that surprising that the police feared he was reaching for a weapon when he resisted arrest.
RIGGED: Twitter Admits "Bug" Covered Up for the Lincoln Project's Predator
Covering up for their own.
Twitter admitted that a "bug" prevented platform users from searching for the Lincoln Project in Friday, hours after the neocon group's founder partially admitted responsibility in response to a wave of sexual misconduct allegations.
The Lincoln Project was effectively immunized from scrutiny from the allegations, with the Big Tech platform throwing a vital lifeline in its hour of need. Twitter, which made the admission in a statement provided to the Daily Caller, hasn't explained why it became impossible to search for the Lincoln Project the same day its founder admitting to sexually harassing college aged-men. John Weaver is also accused of one incidence of rape, and coercing young men into homosexual activity with the promise of delivering lucrative political employment.
The neocon campaign consultant pulled a Kevin Spacey, admitting he was "gay" and apologizing for his DM activity on Friday. He has denied responsibility for the most severe allegations of misconduct.
Establishment Wikipedia editors kicked into overdrive to protect the accused predator's reputation the same day, working to purge any mention of the misconduct allegations from Weaver's page on the platform.
John Weaver has some top tier (probably paid) Wikipedia editors who are keeping allegations of sexual misconduct off of his page, even though he's admitted to some of them. Establishment media and political figures often utilize this to protect their reputations. @willchamberlain pic.twitter.com/eyR491lbTb
— Richard (@Wildman_AZ) January 16, 2021
The Lincoln Project also ignored the allegations against Weaver, merely stating that Weaver's own partial admission of guilt "speaks for itself."
Following the suspension of Donald Trump, Twitter has taken its place as a dishonest publisher acting in the interests of establishment and media political figures. Enough whining- it's time for conservatives and those who support democratic debate with integrity to build free speech platforms such as Gab, Parler and Minds.
Follow me on Gab @WildmanAZ, Twitter @Wildman_AZ, and on Parler @Moorhead.
Politics4 days ago
EPIC: Baylor University's Young Americans for Freedom Renames Itself "Baylor Bull Moose Society" in Split from Organization


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Childbirth Experience During COVID-19 Survey
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Maternal Levels of Care
State Trends
Moshe Fridman, PhD is a statistician with extensive experience in data management and data analysis. He serves as the statistician for the MQI working group and for several other obstetrical studies involving national multi-level data as well as private industry multi-center clinical trials. His areas of expertise are the analysis of observational data and methods to reduce sampling bias (e.g., matching), multi-level modeling involving patient data collected from multiple hospitals/clinics and modeling of rare events. He received a bachelor's degree in computer science and statistics and a Master's degree in statistics from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. He earned a doctorate degree in statistics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1993 and has over 20 years of experience in the field. He has published over 100 statistical methodology, clinical, and health services research studies in various clinical areas and is currently a co-investigator in several federal, state, and privately-funded grants. He owns AMF Consulting, Inc., a statistical analysis firm that provides services to pharmaceutical companies and research organizations working out of Los Angeles.
Naomi Greene MPH PhD is a perinatal epidemiologist with years of a variety of experience in maternal and child health. Dr. Greene received her MPH in Community Health Sciences, and PhD in Epidemiology both from the Fielding School of Public Health at UCLA. She spent the first 20 years of professional life as a high-risk obstetrics and gynecology research sonographer, establishing an outcomes database and heading up the ultrasound arm of a familial breast/ovarian cancer screening program. Her recent research has focused on early life origins of health and disease, for the most part concentrating both on prenatal exposure to maternal medications and epidemiologic methods. Dr. Greene has thus developed skills needed to manage and optimize big datasets. Since re-joining the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Cedars-Sinai, Dr. Greene has mentored Residents and Fellows with their research projects as well as analyzing both large and small datasets for these projects. In addition, she has put extensive effort into improving the quality and completeness of data from the electronic medical record used at Cedars as well as creating auto-generated reports extracted from these records to assist in ongoing quality assurance as well as research projects. Finally, Dr. Greene has had the honor of joining MQI and collaborating on this group's work since 2015.
Kimberly D. Gregory, MD, MPH is the Helping Hand of Los Angeles Chair in Maternal Metal Medicine, and the Vice Chair of Women's Healthcare Quality and Performance Improvement at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. Dr. Gregory is also a Professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the UCLA School of Public Health. She received her bachelor's degree from UCLA and her medical degree from Charles Drew University School of Medicine and Science. She completed her internship and residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston and her fellowship in maternal-fetal medicine at Los Angeles County + University of Southern California Medical Center. Dr. Gregory received her Master of Public Health degree (MPH) from Harvard School of Public Health. Board-certified in obstetrics and gynecology and maternal-fetal medicine, Dr. Gregory has received grants to investigate her research interests in measuring maternal health care quality, patient safety, obstetrical healthcare utilization, cesarean section rates and complications of labor and delivery, such as uterine rupture and management of macrosomia. Dr. Gregory has written articles for many peer-reviewed publications, such as the American Journal of Public Health, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. She is a member of several professional organizations, including the National Medical Association, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine. Dr. Gregory has been appointed to the U.S. Public Health Services Prevention Task Force and the Board of Directors for the Society of Maternal Fetal Medicine. She has served on numerous health and public policy committees at both the state and national level.
Lisa M. Korst MD, PhD is a health care analyst with wide experience in medical practice, health care operations, epidemiology, study design, health information technology and exchange, and strategies for measuring service quality, performance, and safety. Dr. Korst received her bachelor's and medical degrees from the University of California at San Diego. Her initial training was in obstetrics and gynecology, and she worked in both public and private practice. She is familiar with both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, with a focus on measurement of the quality of perinatal care. She was an Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and received her PhD in Health Services from UCLA in 1999. She has an established history of peer-reviewed publications, and support from the National Institutes of Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. She currently is on the Executive Committee of the California Maternal Quality Care Collaborative. She owns Childbirth Research Associates, LLC, providing consulting and analytical services to academic institutions and researchers, and informatics and biotechnology firms.
Jeanette McCulloch, IBCLC brings together strategic communications skills with practical experience providing birth and breastfeeding services and a proven record of maternal/infant health advocacy.
Jeanette worked for more than a decade on women's health policy and other issues though public interest and public relations campaigns. As an account supervisor with Valerie Denney Communications, she oversaw communications strategies for local Chicago-based community organizations, statewide legislative and PR campaigns, and national advocacy efforts. Her primary issue areas included low-income access to health care, environmental justice, criminal justice and grassroots community organizing.
Jeanette has led numerous trainings and message development sessions for nonprofit organizations, including birth advocacy efforts. She has co-published (with Amber McCann) in the Journal of Human Lactation on the topic of establishing an online and social media presence for your IBCLC practice, and co-authored abstracts and posters for the APHA and ACOG on birth consumers' use of social media and communications needs. She blogs on birth and breastfeeding research, use of social media, and consumer activism.
Morgan McKay, MSW provides administrative support in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. She received a bachelor's degree in English from the University of California, Riverside and a Master of Social Work degree from the University of Southern California. Morgan has over 10 years of experience providing program management and project coordination in community and corporate healthcare settings.
Samia Saeb, MPH, CCRP is a Program Manager at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. She has worked with the MQI team since 2012. Her credentials include a Bachelor of Arts in Sociology from California State University Long Beach and a Master of Public Health degree from the University of Southern California. She is a Certified Clinical Research Professional and also serves as a Community Based Participatory Research expert. She manages several Federal and State research projects, as well as national Multicenter Clinical Trials. Her research includes patient-centered care, implementation and evaluation research, health education and promotion and healthcare quality improvement. She is published alongside her MQI colleagues in various peer-reviewed journals.
© Maternity Quality Indicators Work Group (MQI) 2020


Yogacharya John Williams encountered Paramahamsa Hariharananda on the street in New York City in the 1980's and took Kriya Yoga initiation from him later that day. He has been a faithful student since that first encounter. Born in Jamaica, John Williams is a successful art director and manages his own business. He is the resident yogacharya for the New York City Kriya Yoga Center, and travels throughout the USA teaching and initiating.


Me in Denver's coolest used drum, cymbal and music shop.
For those of you that don't know the story behind Lodo Drum Guy or want to know more about how I became one of Denver's biggest used drum, cymbal and music gear dealers check out Westword's music section. Bree Davies just did a feature that goes into detail about how I got started buying used and vintage drums, cymbals, guitars and everything else I can get my hands on.
Check out the article it's awesome!!
Update: Denver's best place to buy used music equipment!!


Visitor arrivals in Jamaica have been at a record high since the start of the year, and the Jamaica Tourist Board projects that Jamaica will host 4.2 million visitors by the end of 2017, surpassing last year's 3.84 million visitors, setting a new record.
According to preliminary arrival statistics, Jamaica's tourism industry earned $1.46 billion in the first half of this year, a 5.8 percent increase over the same period in 2016.
The country's cruise sector is shaping up to host the highest number of cruise passengers on record: from January 1 to the end of July 2017, Jamaica received 1,088,718 cruise passengers, up by 4.9 percent over the same period last year. That growth trajectory is expected to continue, especially as Jamaica embarks on its newly launched Cruise Jamaica initiative.
The initiative centers around promoting Jamaica as the leading Caribbean cruise destination to the cruise industry, cruise passengers, travel influencers (such as travel agents) and the media. Working closely with the Port Authority of Jamaica, Jamaica Tourist Board's goal is to attract more cruise lines, ships and passengers, including increasing the number of home porting ships.
The island is seeing both an expansion of existing hotels and new developments across the island, with 15,000 additional rooms projected by 2021.
The safety of visitors is also on the agenda with heavy investment in initiatives including such as the District Constables Training Programme, a scheme was introduced last year to provide an added layer of security in resort areas.
Cruise Jamaica highlights developments underway at the nation's ports: Kingston Port plans to increase cruise ship and passenger capacity. Improvements will include deep dredging to accommodate for larger ships.
Montego Bay recently increased cruise ship berthing capacity and added new cruise terminal buildings. The port also increased ground transportation opportunities for disembarking cruise passengers.
Enhancing the visitor experience is central to upgrades that will take place at the Ocho Rios port. This will include Artisan Villages to increase cultural integrations in the port experience.
Port Antonio is well-suited to smaller luxury cruise lines and yachts. A master plan is in development for the port and the surrounding area.
Additionally, the Port of Falmouth opened in 2011 as Jamaica's first custom built port. The port features a courtyard for shopping, dining and entertainment and is located in a Georgian town.


Blackstock Consulting's team has laid out some initial views on what may happen now in the UK real estate market. Please contact us for more in-depth analysis or comment.
REITs and FTSE-listed companies will suffer as stock markets jitter around like a heart monitor. However, put in context, share prices, despite being down between 15-25% percent for house builders and REITs – these prices remain well about the 2008 trough.
House prices – will likely fall in some areas as market confidence falls, but could rise in others due to the massive discount now available to foreign buyers, with the pound down 15% against the dollar.
Lending – markets have been stagnant for months now at a commercial level. This is likely to continue, stagnating deals. Big agents were reportedly banning investment agents from taking holiday before August. This is likely to now not be the case.
Retail – market uncertainty and rise in the cost of goods from falling pound will have a dampening effect on consumer spending. This could hurt retail valuations and rents.
Energy performance rules – all governed by the EU under the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive – will be up in the air. Rules preventing poor performing buildings from being rented have just come into force.


On the occasion of Workers' Day, The Syrian Observer will not be publishing any articles today, May 1. We will be back in action Tuesday, May 2.
Happy international Workers' Day, wherever in the world you are celebrating.


Key Responsibilities include: * Lead and manage the challenge events portfolio. * Work with internal stalk-holders to promote all activities. * Develop a network of volunteers to assist on events days. * Ensure all fundraising is carried out with adherence to charity law. * Monitor the budget.
The successful candidate will possess the following: * Challenge events experience. * Driving licence.
Salary on offer: * Salary up to £28,000 per annum depending on experience. * Pension * 25 days annual leave. * Cycle to work scheme * Employee Assistance Programme.


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Here's the biggest myth about the 'Trump economy' /
Here's the biggest myth about the 'Trump economy'
President Donald J. Trump . (Official White House Photo by D. Myles Cullen)
Cody Fenwick
With unemployment near record lows, President Donald Trump deserves substantial credit for the strength of the economy, right?
This is a common refrain — and not just from Trump's allies. Many in the media point to the economy as a sign of Trump's strength, though these claims are often vague and unsupported.
And the voters seem to believe it, too, despite the GOP's poor performance in the 2018 midterm elections. According to new polling from Pew Research Center, the American public largely prefers Democrats' positions and views on national issues to Trump's views — except when it comes to jobs and the economy.
But there's a big problem with crediting the president with the success of the "Trump economy" — and it's that there's no such thing.
Critics of the president often argue, when this topic comes up, that the success of the Trump economy is actually the success of the Obama economy. President Barack Obama pulled us out of the Great Recession and put us on a path of steady job growth, they say, which has mostly continued apace under Trump.
There's some truth in this reply, but it concedes too much. There's no more an "Obama economy" than there is a "Trump economy." And despite their frequent abuse of these terms, many members of the media know this.
The president doesn't control the American economy. It's an obvious fact, but it's worth emphasizing because a great deal of discussion about presidential politics and administration policy takes as a given that the president does control the economy.
Consider, for instance, a recent fact-check by the New York Times. White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders made the ridiculous claim:
This president, since he took office, in the year and a half that he's been here, has created 700,000 new jobs for African-Americans. That's 700,000 African-Americans that are working now that weren't working when this president took place. When President Obama left after eight years in office — eight years in office — he had only created 195,000 jobs for African-Americans. President Trump, in his first year and a half, has already tripled what President Obama did in eight years.
The Times dutifully noted that Sanders' numbers were off and that her representation of African-American employment trends under Obama was incorrect.
But the Times' entire fact-check completely neglects to mention the fact that, even if Sanders' employment data were correct, her statement would be wildly and ridiculously false because she says that Trump personally created 700,000 jobs for African Americans.
He didn't, he can't, he won't.
Republicans used to acknowledge this. They used to say explicitly, "Government does not create jobs." Now they say, without a hint of irony, not only does government create jobs, but Trump himself is personally responsible for every job created in the country.
The "government does not create jobs" line was always to strong a position to take and clearly false. But the larger point is that most jobs exist in the private sector and the business cycle of booms and busts is driven by a range of conditions distinct from government and party control in the White House.
Of course, the government does take steps to manage the economy. The Federal Reserve plays the largest direct role in this on a day-to-day basis, and the president appoints its leadership on a staggered schedule (though Trump, interestingly, currently despises his own Fed chair's policies!). Congress also passes laws that have significant impacts on the economy, such as the taxing, spending, and various forms of regulations. The administration implements those laws with various levels of discretion, and the president can veto laws and drive the legislative agenda, but the executive's role is largely downstream from Congress.
But much of these laws are already in place, and the president doesn't often have a massive role in directing the trajectory of the economy. Often, not blowing good economic conditions by doing something extremely reckless, will suffice.
In extreme circumstances, the government can play a crucial role. Evidence suggests, for example, that the 2009 stimulus package, passed under Obama and with his direction, did significantly help the economy pull out of the doldrums. Though, as economist Paul Krugman argued, it probably should have been much larger.
Events like this can lend credence to the view that Obama "deserved credit" for the success of the economy under his watch. But if we want to make such a claim, we have to answer certain counterfactual questions. Were the steps taken necessary to achieve the ends? Would anyone else have taken the same steps? And if the economy does poorly, was there anything a reasonable leader could have done to have improved it?
This is how we should think of the president's effect on the economy — relative to the baseline of what we can and should expect, given the current conditions. But assessing that is much more complicated than simply looking at what the unemployment rate happens to be.
For example, under Trump, we've seen the GOP pass a massive tax bill that gave away billions of dollars a year to corporations and the wealthy — and will add an estimated $1.5 trillion to the deficit over ten years. Some argue it's hard a mildly stimulative effect on the economy, though its effects are debatable.
But what is clear is that it wasn't necessary for the job growth we've seen. Average monthly job growth has been slightly lower, the overall on pace since Trump took office. And while there's little reason to think the deficit is a burden on the country right now, it could become an impediment in the future, especially because Republicans have already proven that they're will to use fears about government debt as an excuse for doing nothing in the face of financial calamity.
Trump and his allies have also pushed for weakening financial industry regulation under his watch. And this kind of move points to another reason why judging the "Trump economy" is so perilous. Weakening financial regulations can, in the short run, make the economy run hotter. But it also increases the long-term risks of serious financial downturns, which isn't taken into account in the current data.
The myth of the "Trump economy" will almost certainly persist, though, because it's an easy talking point for his defenders (until a recession hits) and a lazy argument to make as a political pundit. Some of this myth-making is self-reinforcing as well, because pundits insist that the economy will benefit the president because people will give him credit, an idea that is often conflated with the idea that they are correct in giving him this credit.
It shouldn't, though, be the political commentator's job to tell the people how they will react to a series of events. Instead, commentators should provide analysis and insight of politics and economics so the people have a better of idea of how they should react. This is, unfortunately, much harder, because it often involves weighing complex situations and, sometimes, admitting what we don't know. So much of the time, pundits lazily fall back into spouting and amplifying nonsensical myths.
Americans are suffering a hidden 'depression' and economic hell in 2020 — and it could get even worse: report - Alternet.org ›
Scathing report finds Trump economic legacy 'one of the worst among all US presidents' - Alternet.org ›
'Emblematic parting blow': Trump moves tp take $700 million per year out of tipped workers' pockets - Alternet.org ›
As economic suffering grips regular Americans, Wall Street behemoths get ready to feast - Alternet.org ›


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The Kelsey Arabic Program
Producing literate Arabic speakers for over 50 years and counting
Tuition Fees and Refund Policy
Kelsey Arabic Levels (KAL)
Kal Chart
Attendance Policy (abbreviated)
Kelsey Phonetic System
Living in Jordan
Childcare and Schooling
Enough English to Study with us?
Why Our Arabic Program Is Not a GPA Program
Mark LaChonce,
Executive Director, Kelsey Arabic Program, Amman, Jordan
MA TESOL and Intercultural Studies, Wheaton Graduate School
Since shortly before I took over direction of the Kelsey Arabic Program in 2007, a large number of new Arabic teaching programs have arisen here in Amman. At least five of these programs use a learning approach developed by Greg Thomson and known as the Growing Participator Approach (GPA). A relatively large number of learners are now enrolled in these programs. I often find myself with prospective students who ask me why they should study with us and not a GPA program, and what sets our program apart from them. It is my intent to provide some of those answers in writing and to explain why we have not chosen to adopt the GPA as our primary approach to Arabic learning. These points are a summary of my views based upon my observations of many Arabic language learners and my graduate-level studies in language learning.
1. GPA advocates often promote their programs as "learning language like a child." This mentality is mistaken and unhelpful. My response to those who want to learn like a child is often the following: "If you have eighteen years with nothing else to do, and at least one native speaker who is willing to spend nearly all of his/her time with you without being paid for it, give it a try." Additionally, it is often declared that such methods will be more fun. It is true that children often have a lot of fun, but those of us who are parents know they also have many times when they are not having fun, become upset and throw incredible tantrums. Oftentimes, such tantrums are the result of a child's frustration at his/her inability to communicate. Learning a language is hard. I want to learn it like an adult, with all of the tools at my disposal that I have acquired over the years (making lists, learning rules from others, motivating myself, etc.).
From a research standpoint, many theorists now refer to a "fundamental difference hypothesis," which claims that "first language acquisition and adult second language acquisition are fundamentally different in a number of ways" (VanPatten and Benati, 2010, quoted in Ryding, 2013 1). We desire to use the methods that have proven effective base on our experience and try new methods that show promise based on sound research.
2. The theoretical basis for naturalistic language acquisition methods (such as GPA, among others) is unproven by research and the experience of many experts. The theoretical "father" of many of the ideas that can be summed up as "learning like a child" is Stephen Krashen, who published most of his ideas in the 1980's. Although Krashen certainly made a valuable contribution to the field of language acquisition, his ideas cannot be wholeheartedly accepted. Particularly, he espoused that exposure to the new language, "comprehensible input," will often be enough to provide a foundation for speaking. Tracy Terrell was Krashen's colleague in developing the "natural approach" to language learning in the 1980's. Terrell's own experience later in an Arabic-speaking setting casts much doubt on the effectiveness of their ideas:
Consider my own attempts at learning Arabic during a five-week stay in Morocco. I knew no Arabic on arrival and soon found that even the simplest input was incomprehensible. I soon switched to an output strategy… [where] I would ask (in French) how you say X in Arabic and then repeat the response several times, trying to memorize it… Indeed, I was rarely able to identify any individual words in the input and mostly determined the meaning of utterances directed at me through contextual guessing.
In summary, some informal evidence exists that adults do not automatically use input to develop competence in the way Krashen has suggested… If some adults do not process input as Krashen suggests then it may also be the case that a conscious knowledge of grammar may play a greater… role in language acquisition and processing than Krashen posits. 2
In summary, one of the primary developers of the "natural approach," from which GPA derives much of its theory and techniques, tried this approach for learning Arabic and he found that it was not effective.
3. The techniques used in GPA are helpful for learning some language skills, but other language skills require other techniques for effective learning. Specifically, the techniques used in the early stages of GPA can assist one with vocabulary acquisition, especially recognition and comprehension. We use similar techniques at Kelsey Arabic Program. However, these techniques are limited and not useful for other aspects of language use. Formation of complete, formally accurate sentences is an area of weakness we have seen in most GPA learners that we have encountered. Because GPA techniques de-emphasize the explicit instruction of the structural "rules" of the new language, this continues to be an area of weakness. In our program, we emphasize the importance of explicit instruction on the structure of Arabic.
4. The programs using GPA are not comprehensive in their approach. Although GPA learners tend to perform adequately in comprehension and vocabulary knowledge, there are other weaknesses we have observed. As previously stated, one is production of sentences with formal accuracy. Second is the level of general mistakes. Third is the delay in literacy skills. The general GPA learner that we have met has not begun to learn Arabic reading and writing; it is usually delayed to a much later stage. We believe that, although it is a mistake to devote the majority of instruction to reading and writing in beginning stages, it is also a mistake to delay them to such a large degree. One reason is that Arabs find it strange when someone introduces himself as an Arabic learner and cannot read. Another is that, although there are many differences between colloquial and formal Arabic, there is also a common core that is best learned in conjunction with learning reading and writing.
5. The most effective learning is accomplished with the help of a professional, trained teacher. GPA practitioners avoid the use of the term "teacher" and prefer that of "nurturer." That is, they prefer to use any benevolent native speaker of the language to use as a model for learning. We believe such people are valuable resources and conversation partners, and we always encourage our students to find such people, and they often are able to meet with them without paying anything. At the same time, we have observed that it is also important to have a teacher, i.e., someone who knows enough about the language to explain it to others. I have completed a number of TESOL courses, culminating in a Master's degree in the subject, and the continual refrain has been "it is not enough to be a native speaker of English; you need to be able to explain how the language works to learners and plan and implement effective learning activities." This wise principle applies to Arabic just as much as it does to English. Although the GPA may be the best approach in a linguistic setting in which there are no resources or trained teachers, the Arabic-speaking world is not one of those settings. We have developed highly effective resources and skilled teachers. To us, it is a mistake not to utilize them.
6. The results in our setting show that a hybrid model of classroom instruction in language forms, structured practice in use of language, and interaction in the Arabic-speaking community is the most effective approach to learning Arabic. Although one is always welcome to try new things, when one is faced with a number of options and does not have unlimited time or financial resources, it is wise to choose a "tried and true" method. We have found that our method consistently produces strong results for nearly all learners who implement it (i.e., consistently study the materials, follow the program, and initiate interaction with native speakers). We appreciate that GPA advocates have introduced new ideas to the language learning discussion, and we wish success for those who take advantage of the services of GPA programs, but we are not using their approach because we believe we have something more effective.
1 Ryding, Karen. 2013. Teaching and Learning Arabic as a Foreign Language. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
2 Terrell, Tracy D. 1991. "The Role of Grammar Instruction in a Communicative Approach." Modern Language Journal 75, no. 1:52-63.
Couple in North Africa
Before coming here many told us the dialect is very different from Jordan, but people have understood us fine and after some adjustment we are used to their different sayings, although still learning many new tricks of course. The greatest blessing from Kelsey is being comfortable in public speaking and teaching in Arabic. We find […]
How's Your English?
Two Full Years?
Do I need to take the Arabic ACTFL?
MSA or Amiyya?
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