text:
The BAM Fisher Files: Steven Cosson
Steven Cosson is a co-writer and director of Paris Commune, which runs from October 4—7 at the BAM Fisher.
Our Show: This theatrical event revives the radical cabaret of 19th-century Paris to tell the story of the Paris Commune, a spontaneous popular uprising of working-class Parisians in 1871. Arguably the first socialist revolution in Europe, the Paris Commune was an anarchic festival of the underclass. While the Commune was violently defeated, its legacy inspired a century of revolution and change.
Sights and Sounds:
The music ranges from raucous popular songs to opera, from rude and hilarious satires of the Emperor to the future communist anthem "The Internationale," written by Commune leader Eugène Pottier, and Communard Jean-Baptiste Clément's "Cherries of Spring," which became the anthem of May'68. All songs speak directly to the events of the Commune using a variety of narrative and visual techniques to tell the story, such as a Can-Can that charts the history of France in two minutes.
Our art is most inspired by:
Employing The Civilians' unique skill as a theater of social investigation, Paris Commune was created from extensive research into both the cultural and political aspects of the revolution. The script draws inspiration from primary sources such as journals, transcripts, and letters, and sets these texts against the music of the time—shockingly modern songs of protest, liberation, and defeat.
"Investigative theater" is:
A live performance created by an artist or artists from an in-depth inquiry into a multifaceted, real-life topic. The development of a piece of investigative theater often involves community residencies, travel, face-to-face conversations, and extensive research. The basic crux of the idea is the application of the creative process to an inquiry into a real life subject. I think of "investigative" as different from documentary in that an investigation is an exploration of a question through this encounter with real life experience; it's a springboard to creating an artistic work as opposed to a documentary, which I think of as a more expository form.
Theater is like a commune when:
Theater is always communal in the sense that in order for it to happen a group of people have to gather together for some experience. Theater is like the Paris Commune when that shared experience engages the group in a radical re-imagining of how we might live. A theater event can be like the Commune when the distilled world of the play in dynamic relation to the audience rips apart old ways of seeing and thinking, manifests a new way of being, and makes the audacious proposal that this new world could extend out into the larger landscape and remake it entirely.
Most interesting thing learned about the 1871 uprising:
For me the most life-changing lesson I've gained from 1871 is the realization that culture does in fact create the world we live in and that performance has a particular power in shaping our society. In the anarchic, populist crucible of the Commune it's clear that performance can take many forms—a song in a cabaret, a speech pasted onto a wall, a citizen standing up to speak in a public meeting. All of these acts formed the living fabric of the Commune and all were clearly potent forces in the revolution. I think that, in our world, we often think of culture as a refuge from life; the Commune proves that life and culture are inseparable.
The dream of collective living is:
I think the dream of the Commune was the seemingly radical notion that all people deserve to live with dignity, to benefit from the wealth of their society, and to have a right to self-determination in their government. The power and the threat of the idea is the belief that in order for the poorest in society to realize this dignity, this share, this political power, we must break apart the consolidated power at the top of society and replace rigid hierarchy with a new vision for society. That's why this dream is a dangerous dream; it threatens those who sit at the top. And it's a problematic dream because having both liberty and equality at the same time is very tricky.
Favorite lyric from a song composed in the Paris Commune:
A simple one but it's all in how it's sung: "Revenge is coming soon.When the poor will rise again. When the poor will rise again."
If New York were a commune, I'd most want to share book and/or record collections with:
Patti Smith.
Most overrated thing about private property:
It breaks down and then you have to fix it.
Best advice for discussion communism in social settings:
If you have to talk about dangerous things sometimes its best to sing.
Labels: Jean-Baptiste Clément, Paris Commune, Patti Smith, revolution, socialism, Steve Cosson, The Citizens
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Making my own muesli has been on my to do list for years and the other day, I finally got there! After going to the Dandenong Market last week, I stocked up on ingredients – nuts, seeds, dried fruit, coconut, etc at a fraction of the cost of the supermarket.
Our whole family eats muesli for breakfast most days, yes, even the kids! For the first year or so of their respective lives, Weetbix was the go to, but then that waned, so I tried sugar-free Cheerios, which was a winner for a few months, but this also waned. Mark then happily settled with muesli or porridge about 6 months ago and eats his breakfast like a champion (most days). Claire, on the other hand goes through phases of what we call 'hunger strikes' where she eats very little, and during this time breakfast is the first meal to be abandoned. However, since I have made this muesli, everyday she has had it with yoghurt and fruit, and asked for a second bowl (that's 3 days and counting)!
Obviously, muesli comes in all shapes and sizes – toasted, untoasted, gluten free, sugar free, nut free, and it also can vary so much depending on different nuts, fruit, seeds or spices you are to add. I'm going to call this particular batch Untoasted Cranberry, Almond and Apricot Muesli. I personally think it is quite delicious, and I'm yet to cost it, but I'm pretty sure it will work out cheaper than most muesli (especially those that are $15-20 for a 500g bag).
If you are after a gluten free alternative, you could use gluten free oats or swap out the oats for quinoa flakes or just use more of the buckwheat groats as the base. Did you know that buckwheat isn't actually a grain (contrary to what its name suggests), it's a seed that is a relative of rhubarb. It's rich in carbohydrates and due to this and its structure, it is a pseudo cereal and gluten free.
Enjoy this great way to start the day!
Heat a medium sized nonstick frypan over medium heat. Add the almonds and toast, stirring regularly, until they begin to colour. Place into a large bowl once browned.
Place sunflower seeds, pepitas and buckwheat into the pan and cook, stirring for 1-2 minutes or until starting to gain some colour. Add to the almonds.
Place the coconut into the pan and turn the heat off. Quickly move the coconut around until it starts to brown (this will happen very quickly – be careful not to let it burn). Add to the nuts and seeds once browned.
Add the remaining ingredients into the bowl and gently fold until well combined.
Allow muesli to cool before placing into an airtight container.
Enjoy ~ 1/2 cup for breakfast, topped with yoghurt and fruit.


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HB131: Bill would keep teens out of smoke shops
Joel Campbell
Mads Jensen
SALT LAKE CITY — The Utah House is set to vote on a bill that would restrict minors from entering tobacco and vaping shops.
HB131, passed a House Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Committee on Feb. 3 and is waiting for a House floor vote. The goal of the bill is to prevent minors, those under 19, from entering specialty shops that receive at least 80 percent of their total revenue from the sale of cigarettes, tobacco, or electronic cigarettes.
HB131 would restrict teens from entering smoke shops in Utah.
Bill sponsor Rep. Kraig Powell, R-Heber City, said, "Some people argue that minors are able to enter a specialty shop if products are kept behind counters, similar to what convenient stores and grocery shops do. That is the ambiguity in the law right now. No matter how tobacco is covered, minors should never be able to enter these shops. We need to clarify that."
With the current lack of clarity, many establishments have experienced issues with how to deal with minors entering these shops. Police often find themselves uncertain about their authority as well as how to handle these situations.
According to the Utah Department of Health, young individuals are more likely to use electronic cigarettes than regular cigarettes. In fact, in the last two years tobacco use among adolescents has doubled despite the products unavailability to minors.
Lacking proper enforcement mechanisms, Powell believes that the clarifications addressed by HB131 will produce greater authority and decrease he amount of tobacco products consumed. Other methods of doing so are performing compliance checks on retailers and monitoring e-cigarettes more closely.
Some believe that e-cigarettes are considerably less harmful than traditional cigarettes; however, they still contain addictive nicotine and toxic substances. Studies on their effects are relatively new, and many of Utah's citizens and politicians support new taxation of them.
Gov. Gary Herbert called the spread of electronic cigarettes a "public health issue," expressing the idea that they should be taxed the same way that other tobacco products are taxed. He believes that the tax would not only slow the spread of e-cigarettes, but would also raise state revenue.
Powell is currently revising HB131 to be introduced to the Legislature once again. He is also working on another bill that changes the legal age of smoking to 21. He hopes that his efforts will ensure that young people make the decision to smoke at a later age. Research shows that this could drastically reduce the amount of people that smoke and as a result, benefit overall public health.
Specialty shop owners are concerned about the bill, claiming that they could experience a huge decrease in sales and potentially go out of business if stricter regulations are enforced.
"Cigarettes are proven to be bad for you, but overindulgence of sugar and a failure to exercise have been proven to be bad as well," said John Hansgen of American Fork. "I understand that minors need to be exempted from these specialty shops, but it makes me wonder if this bill will lead to much harsher legislation and enforcement."
a House Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Committee
Kraig Powell
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Joshua on the other hand loves a good Cortado. Which, I've learned, is an espresso shot with a little warm milk. It's a strong drink! That's the picture above. I try to taste them every once in a while (when he says it's really good) and it's okay. I still haven't developed a liking for coffee. It's probably a good thing.


Set by the A1M next to the MetroCentre, Europe's largest leisure and retail complex, the Newcastle Marriott Hotel MetroCentre offers the location, exceptional service and amenities you'd expect from a 4-star hotel in Newcastle / Gateshead.
If you're planning a business or social event, you'll find a 524-square-metre, technologically enhanced conference and meeting facility, backed by a professional staff who will anticipate your needs and quickly respond to your requests.
The Newcastle Marriott Hotel MetroCentre surrounds you in creature comforts, too, with spacious, well-appointed guest rooms offering luxurious bedding with soft, cotton-rich linens, plus high-speed Internet to keep you connected.


While traveling, we prepare all the things for the skin while packing with creams, for body, we wear comforting clothes, especially if it's an overnight travel. What about your hair? One should not let the hair feel left alone! Hair also are subjected to all the dust and problems during the travel like the skin and the body. We must prepare ourselves well before the travel.
Today, I am focusing on the braid hairstyles that keep you free of any worry about your hair flying high in the dust or getting ruined in the sun. Or your worry about your hair color getting stained and faded. You can just choose from one of these styles and be free of your hair menace.
I can imagine sleeping in trains, buses with open hair or with a messy bun makes it difficult for you to rest your head properly. It is better to put them into a braid and be able to rest.
This keeps you free from every hair strand! This is a perfect traveling braid hairstyle as it keeps every hair of yours locked and you are free to sleep anyway or lean your head anywhere.
This is another free to go hairstyle. You can just put your side tresses in braids and then finally clutch them together in a bun to make it a stylish yet comfortable hairstyle to carry while traveling.
This one is for the women with curly hair or very long hair which get unruly and make it uneasy and uncomfortable. This hairstyle makes you free of your heavy hair. All you need to do is to create a small bun out of a circular section of your hair in the center. Now start creating braids of hair around that bun and begin to cover the entire hair partings until your hair are fully braided all around. Ensure you form braids with clear partings to allow hair to fall in place. Now tie braids on both sides with a pin to form a circular braided hairstyle.
This is another style to safeguard your hair. Make three large sections of your hair and braid them. After braiding them individually, secure them with bands. Now create a new braid with these individual braids and you are done!
This one is a side braid which is made with making two sections of your entire hair in a side. Now make two braids at the side and then create a single braid by combining them as we did in multi stranded braid. This way your braid will be side –parted which is always travel friendly, and will also look thicker and attractive.
This one is quick if you know how to make a French braid. Make a French braid of your hair and then put it in a quick bun.
This one is even quicker than the previous one. Just braid your hair and put it in a bun. That is it!
This one is most common. I have put it down the list to ensure it does not sound the obvious. But if we notice, it is the easiest to be made.
If you are in awe of bohemian braids which give you crimps, you could try that while you are traveling. As these are tightly done there is least chance of your hair tasting dust.
This one is for those who like to be absolutely free while traveling. Just put your hair into a loose braid and be free.
Which of these is your favorite Bun hairstyle?


text:
What area code is 20748?
What county is ZIP code 20748 in?
What area code is 475?
Where are 207 phone numbers from?
What district is ZIP code 20772 in?
Which country code is +1 203?
When was area code 207 assigned to Maine?
What are the demographics of the ZIP code 20748?
Who are the people in ZIP code 20746?
What is the prefix for Maine?
Post Office City:
Temple Hills, MD (View All Cities)
County: Prince George's County
Timezone: Eastern (7:36pm)
Area code: 240 (Area Code Map)
Coordinates: 38.82, -76.94 ZIP (~3 mile radius)
20748/Counties
Area code 475 is located in southeastern Connecticut and covers Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, and Norwalk. It is an overlay for area code 203 and serves the same area.
Area code 207 is the North American telephone area code for the state of Maine, excluding Estcourt Station which uses Quebec province's overlay of 418, 581 and 367. Area code 207 was created as one of the original area codes in 1947.
Zip Code 20772 is located in the state of Maryland in the Washington D.C. metro area. Zip code 20772 is primarily located in Prince Georges County. Portions of 20772 are also located in Anne Arundel County. The official US Postal Service name for 20772 is UPPER MARLBORO, Maryland.
Area code 203 is a North American telephone area code that is assigned to the southwestern part of Connecticut, and is overlaid with area code 475. The numbering plan area (NPA) 203 originally covered the entire state of Connecticut when the North American Numbering Plan was created in 1947.
Area code 207 is assigned for use in Maine since Jan 01, 1947. View all phone prefixes used in area code 207 or other area codes in Maine. Included with the location of each prefix are the phone companies / service providers that operates them. Phone Prefixes for 207 Area Code
The majority of household are owned or have a mortgage. Homes in ZIP code 20748 were primarily built in the 1960s or the 1950s. Looking at 20748 real estate data, the median home value of $235,800 is high compared to the rest of the country.
The people living in ZIP code 20746 are primarily black or African American. The number of people in their late 20s to early 40s is extremely large while the number of young adults is large. There are also an extremely large number of single parents and an extremely small number of families.
Area code 207 is assigned for use in Maine since Jan 01, 1947. View all phone prefixes used in area code 207 or other area codes in Maine.
Who died in Apollo 13?
Which is the best web app development company?


text:
package gl8080.filepost;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Application.launch(args);
    }

    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(Main.class.getResource("/main.fxml"));

        Scene scene = new Scene(root);
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.setTitle("filepost");

        stage.show();
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Edward Forster ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Edward Forster (Bankier) der Ältere (1730–1812), britischer Bankier
 Edward Forster (Botaniker) der Jüngere (1765–1849), britischer Bankier und Botaniker
 Edward Morgan Forster (1879–1970), englischer Erzähler, siehe E. M. Forster
 Edward Morgan Llewellyn Forster (1847–1880), britischer Architekt

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Day 11 of "365 Things to do in Cincinnati" finds us downtown at Findlay Market. The market was buzzing with activity last Saturday.
Now this guy is not for sale but WOW! can he play the violin. I chatted with him for a few minutes (his name is Darius). Not only is he a talented musician, he is one polite little man. I'm telling you this guy is going places. His parents should be very proud.
All kinds of outdoor plants are sold. For your gardening pleasure, there are perennials, annuals, hanging baskets, cut flowers, vegetable plants and herbs.
What did I leave with? Lilacs from a local farmer… and a giant peanut butter cup from Taste of Belgium (see our post on Taste of Belgium here).
Among all the vegetables, you'll find fresh homegrown lettuce – don't you just love how it's displayed?!
The outdoor market is open on the weekends (seasonally) and it was packed – with both shoppers and vendors.
The number of vendors and the variety of goods for sale is simply amazing. Above you'll see The Cake Rack, selling baked goods. You can get all kinds of food but you can also get homemade soaps, honey, jams, wooden utensils, handmade clothing, etc.
I'm telling you – if you haven't been to Findlay Market (or haven't been in quite a while) it's soooo worth the trip. They have a parking lot right at the end of the outdoor covered area. And you can get everything you can possibly need to eat at this place (giant peanut butter cups included).


San Antonio ranks as the seventh largest city in the United States and the second in the state of Texas. It is the capital of Bexar County and is located in the southwest of the country. The city has a large Hispanic population and is the epicenter of Texan culture and tourism in Texas.
Spanish explorers came upon the area in 1691 and named the place after the Portuguese San Antonio de Padua A noteworthy curiosity is that in the city of San Antonio, which was founded by Canarians and is twinned with both Canary capitals, is located the oldest Catholic cathedral in the United States, San Fernando Cathedral and whose main altar is an image of the Virgen de la Candelaria.
San Antonio is the epicenter of Texan culture. The city gained fame for numerous attractions such as the Spanish mission named 'the Alamo', the River Walk, the Tower of the Americas, the Sea World, the Six Flags Fiesta Texas and for the San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo, one of the most famous rodeo festivals in the country.
To enjoy the most of the walks and activities in the city, it is better coming in spring or fall as the temperature is cooler than during the hot summer.
A pleasant experience is reconnecting with nature while visiting the San Antonio Zoo, considered one of the best in the United States.
Get relaxed wandering around the Botanical Garden and Japanese Tea Garden and admire the beauty of flowers and exotic plants from all over the world.
The famous Riverwalk at the heart of the city boasts excellent public art exhibitions by renowned local, national and international artists. Enjoy it aboard a ship or wandering around.
You can enjoy walks through downtown San Antonio on Segway or fly over the city aboard a helicopter and enjoy the spectacular, exciting view of San Antonio, San Antonio River and the Botanical Garden.


How to define Primary key with Hibernate Annotation?
In relational databases, there is an important concept of primary keys. In this tutorial, we will learn the use of Primary keys with hibernate. In the previous tutorials, we have defined the primary key but we have not discussed it yet.
The annotation that hibernates provides for defining an attribute of an entity as a primary key is @Id. In the previous tutorial, we have defined the Id attribute as a primary key and generate its getters and setters to access it because this attribute is private. @Id creates a column in the table of the database which well be marked as the Primary key. Now this created column has unique values in it.
We have two kinds of keys a natural key and surrogate key. Natural keys are those keys that exist in the real world like registration numbers etc and surrogate keys are those that do not exist in the real world and we make them by ourselves. We are using the natural key we have to provide its value because of its real world significance. By providing the value we have an option of controlling it while in the case of the surrogate key we assign this job to hibernate and hibernate then maintain a primary key for us and we don't have to worry for its uniqueness. The syntax for surrogate key Annotation is simply using @GeneratedValue with @Id. In the case of @GeneratedValue, we don't have to set id by our self in the main class.
Hibernate provides us this feature in its "javax.persistence.GeneratedValue" package.
Now If we try to save two users in the databases without passing the Id in the "HibernateMain" then due to @GeneratedValue Annotation hibernate will automatically generate the surrogate key.
The final code for HibernateMain and User Details will look like this and hibernate.cfg.xml will remains the same.
INFO: HHH10001501: Connection obtained from JdbcConnectionAccess [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator$ConnectionProviderJdbcConnectionAccess@655f7ea] for (non-JTA) DDL execution was not in auto-commit mode; the Connection 'local transaction' will be committed and the Connection will be set into auto-commit mode.
INFO: HHH10001501: Connection obtained from JdbcConnectionAccess [org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator$ConnectionProviderJdbcConnectionAccess@6da00fb9] for (non-JTA) DDL execution was not in auto-commit mode; the Connection 'local transaction' will be committed and the Connection will be set into auto-commit mode.
Hibernate: select userdetail0_.userId as userId1_0_0_, userdetail0_.Address as Address2_0_0_, userdetail0_.description as descript3_0_0_, userdetail0_.joinedDate as joinedDa4_0_0_, userdetail0_.userName as userName5_0_0_ from NewTableName userdetail0_ where userdetail0_.userId=?
This console tells us that hibernate first drops the table if exists because we have set "hbm2ddl.auto" to create. After that hibernate will create the new table and for inserting the records in this table it will auto generate the sequence for the id by finding the last id and increment it by one.
We can also define various strategies for the Generated Value hibernate provides us these Generation Types.
Identity: Hibernate us Identity Columns as Primary Keys. Not every database supports this feature.
Table: Hibernate will create a separate Table to maintain a unique Primary Key.
How to create Primary Keys in Hibernate.
How to use Generate Values Annotation.
What options do we have with Generate Value Annotation.


text:
Meet Menasha
Menasha Corporation
Menasha Packaging
ORBIS Corporation
Administration & Support Services
Environmental, Health & Safety
Maintenance-Equipment/Facilities
Marketing & Business Development
Operations Management & Quality
Project/Program Management
Purchasing & Pricing
Sales/Account Management
Student Apprenticeship
View Human Resources Openings
Careers > Human Resources
Our HR professionals have the best pulse on our employees and culture, making you an influencer in the company. When you work with our HR team, you have a tremendous role of carrying out our family values, every day. You're a part of a team that inspires you and you find opportunities every day to inspire others. From kicking off new initiatives and advancing someone's career to creating a culture of innovation, you are a vital member behind the power of possible.
I started out with a focus on just a couple roles and only a few employees. Menasha has given me more training and opportunities. Now, I have several locations, many focus areas and a couple hundred employees.
Deanna Fredrick, Human Resources Representative, Menasha Packaging — Truman, NJ
In one of our employee of-the-month events, we called an employee's father. He was in the hospital and he started crying because he was very proud of his daughter. With that, I knew this company is honest — we are real and take care of the small details that make the difference.
Angel Ceballos, HR Representative, ORBIS — Silao, Mexico
Life at Menasha Companies
Get a feel for what it's like to work at our locations through the eyes of people who work here.
Find out more about Menasha's interviewing process and how to prepare.
Download the PDF Learn More
We're family owned
168 years of of innovation, opportunities and success rooted in family values.
We value you
Menasha Corporation was named one of America's Healthy Workplaces by the Wellness Council of America.
Our promise to society
Menasha Corporation Foundation gave more than $1.5 million to organizations and causes all over the country.
Environmental responsibility is a priority
We are pleased with meaningful reductions in water usage and CO2 emissions. Long-term environmental impact is considered in every action and new initiative.
Jim Kotek, president and CEO, Menasha Corporation
Our Benefits. Our Culture.
You and your family are important to us. Our wellness program is aimed at improving the health and wellbeing of employees and their family members. Our individual health coaching, annual risk assessments, wellness events and reimbursements give you a chance to join in — and even prosper from — some of our healthy competitions.
We offer several comprehensive plans and support you can choose from to care for your physical and mental health. From an Employee Assistance Program to medical, dental, prescription drug, vision, disability and life, we want you to feel confident in your health plan.
Learning & growth
Employee creativity, knowledge and leadership are critical to company success. That's why we are committed to offering diverse learning resources that help employees grow. We provide access to online development tools that are mobile and available 24 hours per day; internal training opportunities and reimbursements for pursuing higher education; and a best-in-class performance management system to set goals and manage online personal profiles.
Our employees enjoy their work and find meaning in it. We want them to feel an even greater sense of achievement, so we believe it's important to recognize them when they succeed. We value employee engagement, and actively measure and work to improve it at all locations and levels of the organization.
Our workforce reflects Menasha Corporation's longstanding commitment to diversity and inclusion. We truly believe our people are the power behind possible and that our strength comes from the unique perspectives and experiences of every individual. We value diversity and work hard to be a welcoming and rewarding workplace for people of all backgrounds.
Menasha Corporation offers a competitive 401(k) retirement plan. After six months of employment, employees who are deferring 5% can receive a company match of 4% (may not be applicable to all union locations).
info@menasha.com
© 2017 Menasha Corporation | 1645 Bergstrom Road Neenah, WI 54956
<p>© 2017 Menasha Corporation | 1645 Bergstrom Road Neenah, WI 54956</p>


Are you looking for fast friendly and efficient team for your house, office or few items removals. Then you are now finally on the right website. Taha Man and Van Kingston known for best quality standard and efficient work. We keep our schedule in flexible order to accommodate our customers.
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Do you like tasty, portable high-protein snacks? Then you'll love this Egg White Bite recipe from my cookbook, The Shredded Chef!
They make great on-the-go food, and I like to top them with a little bit of salsa. Hope you enjoy!
Beat the egg and egg whites in a medium bowl.
Divide mixture among a 6-cup muffin pan. Top each cup with tomatoes, onions and basil. Sprinkle with salt and pepper.
Bake at 350°F for about 8 minutes.
Muscle for Life Success: Eric C.


CNN profiles Diane Crump, the first-ever female professional jockey in the U.S.
Feisty 63-year-old Crump explained half the battle, as she fought to ride professionally, was simply getting male jockeys to compete against her. In 1968 two female riders had been forced to drop out of their races after the male jockeys boycotted the race, even going to the extent of throwing stones at the women's changing room trailers.
"People were saying we weren't strong enough or smart enough to ride in a pari-mutuel (professional gambling) race," Crump said.
Among Other Things, Todd Akin Thinks Claire McCaskill is Less "Ladylike"


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text:
Returnee Foreign Fighters from Syria and Iraq: The Kosovan Experience
August 2019, Volume 12, Issue 7
Kujtim Bytyqi, Sam Mullins
Abstract: Drawing upon the first author's position within the Kosovo Security Council Secretariat and utilizing internal government reports and statistics, this article provides an overview of the Kosovan experience dealing with returnee 'foreign fighters' from Syria and Iraq. So far, at least five returnees have been involved in planning domestic attacks, thus reaffirming academic analyses and recent reports suggesting that it is a minority of returnees who present an immediate terrorist threat. Nevertheless, a small number of returnees remain highly radicalized and are both willing and determined to attack at home. The Kosovan approach to managing this risk is discussed, to include challenges and lessons learned.
As of mid-2019, there are still around 2,000 alleged foreign fighters and close to 14,000 foreign women and children being held in overcrowded detention camps in Syria.1 Naturally, there is widespread concern that these individuals may present a significant threat to national security. Consequently, many countries—most notably those in Western Europe—have been reluctant to bring their citizens home and appear to be delaying the repatriation process as long as possible. In contrast to this, others, including Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkey, and Kosovo, have taken a more proactive approach in facilitating the return of large numbers of mostly women and children.2
Drawing upon the first author's position on the Kosovo Security Council Secretariat, which grants him unfettered access to government officials and returned foreign fighters and their families alike, this article seeks to shed light on the Kosovan experience dealing with returnees from Syria and Iraq. The article begins with a brief overview of Kosovar foreign fighter activities, followed by an examination of those who returned home between 2013 and 2018, and those who were repatriated in April of this year. In the final section, the discussion focuses on challenges and lessons learned from trying to manage the risk associated with these individuals.
The Foreign Fighters
Between 2012 and 2015 a total of 355 Kosovars—consisting of 256 men, 52 women, and 47 children—are believed to have traveled to Syria and Iraq.a (See Table 1.) This is one of the highest per capita rates of 'foreign fighter' outflowsb anywhere in the world. Forty-five percent of these individuals left Kosovo before the Islamic State declared its caliphate in June 2014. To begin with, they joined the Free Syrian Army, Jabhat al-Nusra, Ahrar al-Sham, or Kataib al-Muhajirin and were largely focused on the overthrow of Assad.3 However, the majority of those who stayed subsequently transitioned to the Islamic State. Those who traveled after the declaration of the caliphate (which, along with an increasing amount of jihadi propaganda, was translated into Albanian) mostly joined the Islamic State directly.
By far, the most prominent Kosovar to join the fight in Syria was Lavdrim Muhaxheri, who is previously said to have worked at NATO bases in Kosovo and Afghanistan before radicalizing and traveling to the warzone in 2012.5 Muhaxheri first stepped into the spotlight in October 2013 after appearing in an Islamic State recruitment video posted on YouTube in which he called on Albanian Muslims to join the fight against Assad and other "infidels."6 He went on to appear in grisly execution videos and became the leader of a group of Albanian Islamic State fighters, while maintaining a fairly prolific presence on social media.7 Together with another high-profile Islamic State leader from Kosovo named Ridvan Haqifi, Muhaxheri played an important role in promoting the Islamic State in the Balkans and facilitating travel to Syria.8
Not content with encouraging others to follow in their footsteps, Muhaxheri and Haqifi turned their attention to inciting attacks at home. In June 2015, Haqifi appeared in an Islamic State video in which he warned that "black days" were coming to Kosovo. "You will be frightened and terrified in your dreams as you sleep," he declared. "We will kill you with the permission of Allah. We will come with explosive belts."9 The following year, police arrested 19 individuals on suspicion of planning attacks against targets in Kosovo, as well as a soccer match between Albania and Israel that was scheduled to take place in the city of Shkodër, northwest Albania, in November 2016. It soon transpired that the group, which was in possession of more than 2.5 kilograms of explosives, was being jointly coordinated from afar by Muhaxheri and Haqifi.10 Both men are now believed to be dead,11 but thanks to their seniority and prominence both as instigators and facilitators they surely left an indelible mark on the foreign fighter phenomenon in Kosovo. In particular, by going beyond merely issuing threats to actually orchestrating a major attack plot, they helped transform it from a movement that initially was very much externally focused to one that also presented a significant threat at home.
The Returnees (2013–2018)
By 2018, 132 Kosovars who went to Syria (37% of the total) had returned home, consisting of 120 men, six women, and six children. The majority of this cohort made their way back from Syria prior to 2015, with only a handful returning in 2016 and 2018, respectively (thus marking the end of the first wave of returnees).c Although authorities in Kosovo have chosen not to prosecute women or children, most of the adult males (71% of those who returned by 2018) have been charged, convicted, and imprisoned on terrorism-related offenses (more on this later).d
Returnees have displayed a range of different attitudes toward authorities, along with varying levels of continued commitment to jihadi groups and ideological concepts (including acceptable use of violence against 'enemies' of Islam, and the relative importance attached to establishing a 'true' Islamic State). Many appear to be genuinely disillusioned and repentant, particularly those who returned home during the early stages of the conflict in Syria and Iraq. Albert Berisha, for example, went to Syria in October 2013. There, he came into contact with Jabhat al-Nusra and the Islamic State before joining with Ahrar al-Sham but quickly became disillusioned by widespread in-fighting within the Syrian opposition and returned home after just nine days. Although convicted in Kosovo for membership in a terrorist organization, he insists this was never his intention and together with another Kosovar returnee named Liridon Kabashi, he established the Institute for Integration, Security and Deradicalization (INSID), an NGO dedicated to the rehabilitation and reintegration of former foreign fighters.12 However, regardless of their views on groups like the Islamic State, few returnees appear to accept that their actions should be punishable under law. As one returnee remarked, "I went there [to Syria] for purely humanitarian reasons. I wanted to help people and contribute with my warfare experience. That's not a crime."13 Similarly, many believe that being imprisoned is an added hindrance to their (future) reintegration.14 Accordingly, there is considerable resentment of the government of Kosovo.
More concerning still are those who continue to adhere to violent, extremist ideologies and have adopted an overtly hostile stance toward prison authorities and the state. 'Abu Albani,' who first traveled to Syria in 2013 while still in his early twenties, refused to cooperate with the deradicalization program in prison, and appeared to strengthen his commitment to the Islamic State, despite having become disillusioned with them while in Syria. When interviewed several months after his release, he remained deeply resentful of the government of Kosovo (even though it helped him to get a job) and was also openly supportive of terrorism and violence as a means to achieve a "true" Islamic State.15
Of course, showing signs of radicalization and actually following through on such sentiments are two different things. Nevertheless (as indicated in Table 1), at least five returnees so far have been accused of planning attacks. In November 2013, police arrested a total of six individuals in Pristina and Gjilan on suspicion of planning domestic attacks. Reportedly linked to Jabhat al-Nusra, two members of the group, Ardian Mehmeti and Genc Selimi, had recently returned from fighting in Syria.16 Worryingly, the men were in possession of a sniper rifle, handguns, and explosive-making material and were in the process of trying to acquire additional weapons from undercover police officers at the time of their arrest.17 The leader of the group, Mehmeti, was eventually convicted and sentenced to seven years' imprisonment, while Selimi—who was the only member of the group convicted of an additional charge of inciting hatred and disunity—received a term of four years and six months.18
In a second case uncovered in July 2015, counterterrorism police arrested a group of five men in possession of a Kalashnikov rifle, military uniforms, masks, and an Islamic State flag near Badovc Lake in the Gollak mountains, not far from the nation's capital.19 Again, two of those arrested had formerly fought in Syria. Besnik Latifi had been there twice, returning most recently in April 2014, while Gazmend Halili had returned to Kosovo a month later.20 Because Badovc Lake is one of the main sources of drinking water for Pristina, it was initially thought that the men had been planning to poison the city's water supply or perhaps destroy the dam. Although prosecutors soon realized that there was no evidence to support this particular theory, the group was still initially convicted of plotting domestic attacks.21 Just six weeks prior to the group being arrested, Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi had called on Muslims to either "migrate to the Islamic State or fight in his land wherever that may be."22 In court, it was shown that the men were planning to record a video declaring an oath of allegiance to al-Baghdadi, in preparation for which they had written a script swearing "obedience and adherence… accepting every sacrifice."23 Ultimately, this was all that could be proven, and following a retrial, the suspects were sentenced to between three-and-a-half and four-and-a-half years in prison for "attempted incitement for terrorist acts."24 Despite being unable to prove more serious allegations in a court of law, prosecutors remain convinced that attacks of some sort were in the pipeline.25
The third and final case—the aforementioned plot to attack international targets in Kosovo and a soccer match between Albania and Israel—provides the clearest example of attack planning by returnee foreign fighters in Kosovo to date. As already noted, the plot was orchestrated from overseas by Muhaxheri and Haqifi using Telegram. Muhaxheri had even sent €1,350 to help finance the operation.26 Additionally, at least one and possibly two members of the group in Kosovo were also veterans of the war in Syria. Lulzim Gashi initially admitted that he had been there, and although he later retracted this, according to the prosecution, he had fought for Jabhat al-Nusra for a period of two weeks.27 Furthermore, although it has not been proven in court, Kosovar authorities suspect that the leader of the group, Visar Ibishi—who was the key point of contact for Muhaxheri—had likewise been to Syria.28 In recognition of their lead roles, a judge in Pristina sentenced Ibishi to 10 years in prison, while Gashi was jailed for six.29 Their co-defendants received sentences of between one-and-a-half and five years, while a final member of the group was merely fined.30
Fortunately, none of these plots came to fruition. They nevertheless demonstrate that a small number of returnees remain highly radicalized and are both willing and determined to attack either at home and/or the Balkan region. In the case of Latifi and Halili, both men had been arrested shortly after returning to Kosovo but were released due to lack of evidence and were clearly undeterred by this experience.31 It was also more than a year after their return that the conspiracy developed and was uncovered (largely, it seems by chance), thus demonstrating that threats may take time to unfold and may not be immediately detectable. It is also noteworthy that the handful of returnees who engaged in domestic attack plots appear to have had considerable recruitment power and acted as leaders, bringing with them important skills as well as connections to Islamic State cadres overseas.
Of course, five or six individuals from 124 (adult male) returnees represents less than five percent of the total number of foreign fighters who spent time in Syria and Iraq and returned to Kosovo thus far. According to the estimation of the first author of this article (who is responsible for monitoring the implementation of Kosovo's National Strategy on Prevention of Violent Extremism and Radicalisation Leading to Terrorism), approximately 87% of male returnees are low risk, nine percent are medium, and four percent are high.e If this is accurate, it is indeed only a small minority of returnees who are likely to plan and attempt attacks. Nevertheless, the fallout from even one successful terror attack conducted in Kosovo by a local foreign fighter who traveled to Syria and/or Iraq would be highly significant, especially given that Kosovo has not experienced this type of event before. Moreover, it is extremely difficult to identify which specific individuals are most likely to become violent and when they might act.
The Repatriated (April 2019)
Very few foreign fighters returned to Kosovo from 2016 through 2018. Then in April 2019, the government of Kosovo—assisted by the United States—repatriated 110 of its citizens (four men, 32 women, and 74 children) who were being held in Kurdish detention camps in Syria. When these more recent cases are added to the first wave of returnees, the total number of individuals rises to 124 adult males, 38 adult females, and 80 children who are now back in Kosovo from Syria. (See Table 1.) These 242 individuals amount to 56% of the overall total of 431, including children born in the conflict zone. The recently repatriated men were placed in detention immediately upon arrival, pending prosecution. Meanwhile, the women and children were initially held at an asylum center near Pristina for a period of 72 hours. During this time, they were given medical examinations and assessments of psychological and other needs. Many were judged to be exhibiting symptoms consistent with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and depression.32 Following this initial assessment, women and children were allowed to return home together, with the women being subject to house arrest (initially for one month but since extended for all cases).33
Repatriated women and children continue to receive support from the Division for Prevention and Reintegration, which was specially created by the government of Kosovo for this purpose and is composed of officials from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Education, as well as social workers, psychologists, local level representatives, community police, religious experts, and others.34 As part of the approach to preparing the children for reintegration, they are being given additional classes and assistance to help them catch up in the hope that at least some will be ready for the new school semester in September 2019.35 Here it is important to note that of 74 children (all from the 2019 repatriation), 54 are under the age of six, which it is hoped will give them a better chance to (re)integrate back into society. On the other hand, those who are older and have never been to school before are expected to be more problematic to work with.36 Women, too, are given special educational classes as deemed appropriate and supported financially by way of vouchers for food, clothing, and other necessities, which are provided by an international NGO.37
In addition to the various forms of support that they are given, both women and children are also monitored by law enforcement.38 While none of the earlier and much smaller cohort of female returnees (who did not receive the same level of assistance) has been charged with terrorism-related crimes, it is nevertheless recognized that a potential threat exists, particularly among those who stayed in Syria for longer periods of time. Moreover, authorities have substantial evidence indicating that some recently repatriated women were indeed part of the Islamic State, meaning that prosecutions are now a far more likely prospect than in the past and criminal trials of female returnees can be expected.39
Managing the Risk: Challenges and Lessons Learned
As already noted, Kosovar authorities have taken a fairly aggressive approach to prosecuting adult male returnees, most of whom have been convicted of terrorism-related offenses under the criminal code.40 Although lack of evidence from the conflict zone has sometimes proven to be a problem, the rate of prosecution is relatively high (almost 70% of all adult male returnees, compared to an overall rate of about 10% in the United Kingdom.41 f). It should also be noted that in 2015 (by which time the bulk of returnees had already come home), Kosovo enacted a new law prohibiting its citizens from joining armed conflicts outside of state territory. Besides direct participation in extraterritorial conflict, the law criminalizes organizing, recruiting, and financing, as well as encouraging, leading, or training others for "the aim of joining or participating in a foreign army or police … [or] in any other form of armed conflict outside the territory of the Republic of Kosovo."42 Since this does not depend upon definitions or designations of terrorism, this law may increase the chances of successful prosecution in the future, including of female returnees.
That being said, imprisonment also comes with certain drawbacks, most notably the added resentment that it creates among returnees, plus the added stigma associated with having a criminal record, which may reduce the chances of successful reintegration. Moreover, despite the fact that some terrorism offenses in Kosovo carry prison terms of up to 20 years, most sentences that have been handed down are for a period of less than five years.g In fact, by mid-2019, half of the imprisoned returnees had already been released. Of the 85 returnee foreign fighters who have so far been prosecuted, the average prison sentence is 3.5 years.43 This has serious implications for rehabilitation efforts within the prison system and, therefore, also for reintegration post-release. Systematic efforts by the Ministry of Justice to rehabilitate terrorist inmates in Kosovo only began in March 2018.44 As a result, there has been insufficient time to implement tailored rehabilitation and reintegration programs, which have been put in place for just 18 of 43 returnees released from prison.45 As noted above, some of these individuals remain highly radicalized (though none so far have been involved in planning attacks).46
Families and members of local communities have posed an additional set of challenges. In some cases, family members also hold extremist beliefs and may have negative influence over imprisoned or recently released returnees.47 There are also some families and community members who have effectively disowned their extremist relatives or friends and do not want them to return home, leaving the individuals in question bereft of social support. As one returnee complained, "I have lost contact with aunts and uncles whom I used to bring together in the past. They distanced from me after the media covered my story [facilitation of terrorist activities in Kosovo] continuously for five straight days. They say I brought shame to the family."48 It is up to the Division for Prevention and Reintegration, and those who support its work, to manage such issues by engaging with communities as well as returnees themselves.49
On a more positive note, families have also proven to be valuable partners and often play an important role in the reintegration process. In recognition of this, the government of Kosovo, assisted by international donors, has been providing financial assistance to the families of returnees as well as those who were killed or are still in Syria.h This has generated a tremendous amount of goodwill, including among still imprisoned returnees, some of whom were so grateful that their families were being taken care of that they approached officials to ask if there was anything they could do in return.50
Although it is still too early to assess comprehensively either the threat that returnees from Syria and Iraq pose or the measures that the government has put in place to manage it, the Kosovan experience thus far still provides a valuable point of reference. In particular, this is because a relatively large number of foreign fighters are already back in the country and because the government has been very proactive, both in terms of repatriating citizens detained in Syria and implementing risk-management strategies. This stands in contrast to most other countries, which have not experienced the same level of mobilization relative to population size, have not been faced with such a high proportion of returnees, and have generally been reluctant to bring their citizens home.
In terms of the threat, the experience in Kosovo seems to confirm both academic analysis and recent reporting from other countries dealing with returnees from Syria and Iraq, which suggest that it is only a small minority of these individuals that are likely to plan terrorist attacks in the short-term (and this risk may diminish as time goes on).51 As already noted, however, the threat is still significant and will continue to evolve. Furthermore, Kosovan authorities still do not have a good idea of how many individuals continue to play non-violent support roles—in particular, spreading the ideology that sustains groups like the Islamic State—which may unfold over a much longer period of time. This is particularly true regarding female returnees.
In terms of response, it seems that the Kosovan approach to investigations and prosecutions has thus far been successful, judging by the high rate of convictions in Kosovo compared to countries such as the United Kingdom. More detailed comparative analysis is needed to determine exactly why this has been the case. Moreover, looking beyond the number of prosecutions, it is unclear how effective this approach really is, given that imprisonment has generated substantial resentment against the Kosovan state, including among low-risk returnees.52 Low sentencing also remains a problem and has stymied efforts to rehabilitate foreign fighters in prison and reintegrate them back into society. This highlights the need for better understanding of the sometimes contradictory relationship between punitive and rehabilitative measures, which should ideally be planned and implemented as part of a coordinated package that takes both individual needs and institutional capacity into account.
Additional challenges experienced on release—particularly those of either extremist, or unforgiving, family members and communities—further increase the complexity of the reintegration process and must be carefully assessed and managed.53 This calls for a holistic approach to managing the risk associated with returnees from Syria and Iraq that deals not only with the individual returnee, but their immediate and wider social environment as well. Finally, there is the need to be pragmatic, as evidenced by the added trust and goodwill that has been gained by providing returnees and their families with limited (non-monetary) financial support. By itself, this does not provide a solution, but it seems it can be effective as part of a multi-faceted approach—particularly in countries such as Kosovo where unemployment is high.
All of the challenges highlighted in this article are ongoing, and Kosovo does not presume to have all of the answers. Indeed, many of the efforts described are still in their infancy, and the country faces a host of additional hurdles to overcome, not least of them limited financial resources and institutional capacity. With this caveat in mind, this article represents a modest contribution to the literature on returnee foreign fighters from Syria and Iraq, the challenges that they pose, and some of the policy options available for managing the threat. Others who are grappling with similar issues can hopefully learn from this and will perhaps also be motivated to share their own experience. CTC
Kujtim Bytyqi is Acting Director of the Department for Analysis and Security Policies of the Kosovo Security Council Secretariat. He is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the National Strategy on Prevention of Violent Extremism and Radicalisation Leading to Terrorism. Sam Mullins is an outgoing professor of counterterrorism at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies, Germany, and is currently transferring to the Daniel K. Inouye Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies in Hawaii. He is also an honorary principal fellow at the University of Wollongong, Australia. Follow them on Twitter @bytyqi_kujtim and @Sam_J_Mullins
The views expressed in this article are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily represent the official position of the government of Kosovo or the United States.
[a] Note that another 76 children were born to Kosovan parents in the conflict zone, bringing the total number to 431. On top of this figure, an additional 30 men, eight women, and two children have been prevented from traveling. Data provided by the Kosovo Police Counter-Terrorism Department.
[b] This term will be loosely defined here as individuals who traveled to Syria and Iraq and joined with militant organizations such as the Islamic State, regardless of their activities or status within the conflict zone.
[c] No returnees from Syria and Iraq are known to have come back to Kosovo in 2017. Information obtained by first author as part of professional duties.
[d] For adult males who could not be prosecuted, this was mainly due to lack of evidence.
[e] Note that this is roughly comparable to data released by the Belgian Coordination Unit for Threat Analysis (OCAD), which stated that 75% of male returnees, and 90% of females, had distanced themselves from radical ideas. See Guy van Vlierden, "Teruggekeerde Syrië-strijders zijn de grootste zorg niet meer," De Morgen, January 15, 2019.
[f] Of course, this does not necessarily automatically imply that one system is better than the other. Different prosecution rates between countries are due to a complex set of factors, including different laws, procedures, and guidelines concerning what can be produced as evidence at trial. It is beyond the scope of this article to delve further into these issues.
[g] As noted earlier, leaders of attack plots do tend to receive longer sentences, but even these are often reduced on appeal. The longest sentences for terrorism offenses in Kosovo have been handed out not to returned foreign fighters or attack plotters, but to influential recruiters such as Imam Zeqerija Qazimi. Labinot Leposhtica, "Kosovo Jails Hard-line Imam for 10 Years," BalkanInsight, May 20, 2016.
[h] As with female returnees, this assistance comes in the form of monthly vouchers.
[1] Joana Cook and Gina Vale, "From Daesh to 'Diaspora' II: The Challenges Posed by Women and Minors After the Fall of the Caliphate," CTC Sentinel 12:6 (2019); Brian Michael Jenkins, "Options for Dealing with Islamic State Foreign Fighters Currently Detained in Syria," CTC Sentinel 12:5 (2019); "Special Envoy for the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS Ambassador James F. Jeffrey And Counterterrorism Coordinator Ambassador Nathan A. Sales," U.S. Department of State, August 1, 2019.
[2] "Repatriate or reject: What countries are doing with IS group families," France 24, June 11, 2019.
[3] Timothy Holman, "Foreign Fighters from the Western Balkans in Syria," CTC Sentinel 7:6 (2014); "Understanding Push and Pull Factors in Kosovo: Primary Interviews with Returned Foreign Fighters and their Families," UNDP, 2017.
[4] Data provided by the Kosovo Police Counter-Terrorism Department.
[5] "'Dead' Kosovar Albanian IS Militant Resurfaces in Gruesome Killing Video," Radio Free Europe, May 26, 2015.
[6] "Report Inquiring into the Causes and Consequences of Kosovo Citizens' Involvement as Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq," Kosovar Center for Security Studies, 2015, p. 18.
[7] "'Dead' Kosovar Albanian IS Militant Resurfaces in Gruesome Killing Video."
[8] Ebi Spahiu, "Lavdrim Muhaxheri: Kosovo's Link to the Islamic State," Militant Leadership Monitor 5:8 (2014); "Understanding Push and Pull Factors in Kosovo," p. 34.
[9] Die Morina, "Kosovo ISIS Commander Haqifi Reported Dead in Middle East," Balkan Insight, February 9, 2017.
[10] Arben Cirezi, "Kosovo Arrests 19 Suspected of Terror Attacks," Balkan Insight, November 17, 2016.
[11] "Coalition removes ISIS terrorists from battlefield," U.S. CENTCOM, August 3, 2017; Morina.
[12] Fatos Bytyci, "Remorseful Kosovo militants fight youth radicalization," Reuters, September 30, 2016; Alexander Smith and Vladimir Banic, "What Should the West Do With Fighters Returning From Syria and Iraq?" NBC News, October 12, 2017.
[13] "Understanding Push and Pull Factors in Kosovo," p. 48.
[14] Ibid., pp. 59-60; professional assessment of first author.
[15] Anne Speckhard and Ardian Shajkovci, "Returning ISIS Foreign Fighters: Radicalization Challenges for the Justice System," Homeland Security Today, November 4, 2018.
[16] Kastriot Berisha, "I akuzuari për terrorizëm: Në Siri shkova pasi i përcolla qëndrimet e imamëve," Kallxo, December 3, 2018; "Kosovarët e kthyer nga Siria arrestohen si të dyshuar për terrorizëm," Koha, November 12, 2013.
[17] Nebi Qena, "Kosovo Police Arrest 6 Terror Suspects," Associated Press, November 12, 2013.
[18] "Gjykata në Prishtinë jep 5 dënime për posedim të armëve dhe nxitje të urrejtjes fetare," VOAL, January 22, 2019; Donika Voca-Gashi, "23 vjet burgim për pesë persona," Koha, January 22, 2019.
[19] Skender Govori and Leotrim Gashi, "A total of 49 years of prison for five Kosovar terrorists," Prishtina Insight, July 18, 2016.
[20] "Dy nga të arrestuarit, ish-luftëtarë të ISIS-it," Zëri, July 14, 2015.
[21] Skender Govori, "Kosovo Terror Suspects Given Stiff Sentences," Balkan Insight, July 18, 2016.
[22] Rukmini Callimachi, "ISIS Releases a Recording It Says Was Made by Its Leader," New York Times, May 14, 2015.
[23] Govori.
[24] Labinot Leposhtica, "Sentences lowered for defendants in the 'Badovci terrorism case,'" Prishtina Insight, July 19, 2017.
[25] Arbelina Dedushaj, "Rasti "Badovci" në Apel, prokuroria kërkon rritje të dënimit, mbrojtja kthimin e çështjes në rigjykim," Betimi Për Drejtësi, October 24, 2017; author interview, former Chief Prosecutor of the Special Prosecution of the Republic of Kosovo, August 2019.
[26] "Liderët e grupit që planifikonin sulmin ndaj kombëtares izraelite të futbollit nuk pendohen para Gjykatës," Gazeta Express, May 15, 2018.
[27] "Kështu mbrohen të akuzuarit për planifikim të sulmeve terroriste ndaj lojtarëve të Izraelit," Metro Gazeta, March 27, 2018.
[28] Author (Bytyqi) interview, Kosovar security official, July 2019.
[29] "Dënohen me 35 vjet burgim të akuzuarit për tentim-sulmin ndaj ekipit të Izraelit," Epoka Ere, May 18, 2018.
[31] "Dy nga të arrestuarit, ish-luftëtarë të ISIS-it."
[32] Sara Manisera, "After ISIS: How Kosovo is rehabilitating women and children repatriated from Syria," National, July 25, 2019.
[33] Ibid. Additional information obtained by first author as part of conducting professional duties.
[34] Information obtained by first author as part of conducting professional duties.
[39] Information obtained by first author as part of conducting professional duties; Manisera.
[40] Notably, articles 143 and 144 ("Organization and participation in a terrorist group" and "Preparation of terrorist offenses or criminal offenses against the constitutional order and security of the Republic of Kosovo," respectively). Republic of Kosovo, Code No. 04/L-082, Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo.
[41] Lizzie Dearden, "Only one in 10 jihadis returning from Syria prosecuted, figures reveal," Independent, February 21, 2019.
[42] Republic of Kosovo, Law No. 05/L-002, "On Prohibition of Joining the Armed Conflicts Outside State Territory."
[43] Data provided by Office of the Special Prosecution of the Republic of Kosovo, March 2019, and Kosovo Security Council Secretariat, July 2019.
[45] Data provided by Ministry of Justice, Correctional Service, March 2019, and Kosovo Security Council Secretariat, July 2019.
[49] Manisera.
[51] See, for example, Thomas Hegghammer, "Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Variation in Western Jihadists' Choice between Domestic and Foreign Fighting," American Political Science Review 107:1 (2013): pp. 1-15; David Malet and Rachel Hayes, "Foreign Fighter Returnees: An Indefinite Threat?" Terrorism and Political Violence (2018).
[52] Professional assessment of first author; "Understanding Push and Pull Factors in Kosovo," p. 59.
[53] See also Responses to Returnees: Foreign Terrorist Fighters and Their Families (Radicalisation Awareness Network, 2017) and "Understanding Push and Pull Factors in Kosovo."


"STOP THE CAR...this is the one you have been waiting for!! 4 bedroom, 4 bathroom BUNGALOW w/ garage on a large 1.5 lot. Kitchen has newer appliances & oodles of cupboards & counter space and opens to a separate dining area that overlooks the SUNKEN LIVINGROOM complete w/ a cozy gas fireplace & beautiful wood feature wall. Main floor has the Master Bedroom with 3 pce ensuite as well as two more bedrooms & a 4 pce bathroom. Lower level has another bedroom & another room that has a closet but no window (easy to make into a 5th bedroom if needed), great flex area perfect for the home Gym or dance floor, a wet bar, a 3 pce bathroom & a SUNKEN FAMILY Room complete with another gas fireplace. The heated 32 x 40 garage has a 2 pce. bathroom 2 double doors & hot/cold water taps. Covered concrete parking for many vehicles plus plenty of room for the RV. Upgrades over the years incl. house shingles (2018), furnace (2011), some new windows, paint, deck (2012), the list is long! Shows 10/10...call to view!"


Mayor Campbell called the public hearing to order for the general fund budget at 7:01 p.m. No one spoke in favor or in opposition to the general fund budget; therefore, Mayor Campbell closed the public hearing at 7:02 p.m.
Mayor Campbell called the public hearing to order for the water fund budget at 7:02 p.m. No one spoke in favor or in opposition to the water fund budget; therefore, Mayor Campbell closed the public hearing at 7:03 p.m.
Mayor Campbell called the public hearing to order for the sewer fund budget at 7:03 p.m. Howard Wells of 110 Booker Road said that since gas was so high, he said it is hard on the working man and woman with everything going up. He said you need to find some way to find these people that run shops and make sure they get their business license. He said don't pick on the ones that are working. Mayor Campbell then closed the public hearing on the sewer fund budget at 7:04 p.m.
Mayor Campbell called the public hearing to order for the personal property tax relief act at 7:04 p.m. Clerk/Treasurer Bobbie Waller explained the personal property tax relief act. No one spoke in favor or in opposition to the PPTRA; therefore Mayor Campbell closed the public hearing on the PPTRA at 7:06 p.m.
Mayor Campbell called the public hearing to order at 7:07 p.m. on the proposed sewer base rate increase from $11.50 to $12.50 per household. Also proposed in conjunction with the sewer rate increase is a decrease in the sewer base rate from 4000 to 2000 gallons. Mr. Wells had already spoken concerning the increases, and since no one else spoke in favor of or in opposition to the increases, Mayor Campbell closed the public hearing at 7:09 p.m.
Upon motion by Mark Wilkes, seconded by Richard Adams, and unanimously carried, Council approved the agenda for the May 8, 2012, regular meeting of the Brookneal Town Council.
Upon motion by Robert Jean, seconded by Mark Wilkes, and unanimously carried, Council approved the April 10, 2012, Town Council meeting minutes.
Mayor Campbell asked that the May 2012 treasurer's report be filed for audit.
Be it resolved that motion was made by James Nowlin, seconded by Robert Jean , and unanimously carried, authorizing the payment of the invoices for the period of April 11, 2012, to May 8, 2012, in the amount of $10,648.60.
Chief Ricky Baldwin distributed the police report for April 2012. He said 48 of the 60 calls for service were answered by the Brookneal Police Department. He said he felt like the Drug Take Back Program held April 27 by his department was a success. He said he was thinking about leaving a collection box year round in the Town office.
Mr. Mike Crews, Public Works Director, said that the playground equipment has been received.
He said he and Town Manager Russell Thurston met with Art Powers from USDA recently to try to get the water grant closed out, and Mr. Powers discussed the possibility of a sewer grant for the Town. He said that the Town would have to fund a PER (preliminary engineering report) at a cost of around $25,000-$30,000, but could possibly be reimbursed.
Town Manager Russell Thurston said that construction on Rush Street will begin any day now.
He said the Patrick Henry Boys Home worked on landscaping and painting the gazebo at the community building, and it looks great. He said Day in the Town was a huge success. He said the new "Discover Brookneal" guide has been published and is out for distribution. He also said the way finding signs are in and the posts to mount the signs have been ordered. He said he and Scott Smith have been working on the comprehensive plan, and hopefully a draft will be ready for Council to review in June.
Mr. Thurston said he and Mike Crews traveled to an attorney's office today and worked on the zoning ordinances concerning the vineyard, but he said he was still several months away from having the amendments to the ordinance done.
Town Manager Russell Thurston said that VRS has been providing the insurance coverage that covers police officers if they are disabled or killed in the line of duty. Mr. Thurston said he was recommending that the Town opt out of VRS because of skyrocketing prices on the VRS premiums. He suggested obtaining coverage from VML because they have better rates. He said a resolution has to be passed to opt out of VRS Line of Duty Act Fund.
RESOLVED that the Town of Brookneal shall reimburse the State Comptroller on no more than a monthly basis from documentation provided to it from the State Comptroller.
Adopted in Brookneal, Virginia this 8th day of May, 2012.
Upon motion by Robert Jean, seconded by Mark Wilkes, and unanimously carried, the Council voted to approve the following transfers of appropriation.
The following appropriation transfers will cover salaries in these areas through FY12 and the 2.5% employee bonus that to be given at the end of June 2012 (which is in lieu of a raise for FY13).
To cover the cost of advertising the budget and other advertising until the end of FY12.
To cover the fuel for the sanitation department until the end of FY12.
Councilperson Richard Adams spoke a little bit about the Brookneal Campbell County Airport. He said one of the biggest projects going on at the airport is a fuel tank being installed for pilots to be able to refuel their aircraft on the field. He said the tank has been installed and the final hookups are being done tomorrow and the fuel will be delivered tomorrow. He said the airport has entered into a verbal agreement with an outside contractor to manage the fuel service. They will buy and supply the fuel in the tank, so the airport authority, the Town and County will not have to invest that money.
Mr. Adams said that there have also been some articles in the paper and on the television news about the issues surrounding the firing range on the airport property. He said a memo was sent out to the authority to see if they would entertain discussions on the idea of the county placing a firing range on the property. He said the authority said they would, but that was the last contact they had concerning the plans. He said to date there has been no formal presentation on what the sheriff's department needs or wants. He has there has been no presentation of any written plans. He said that last month at the April meeting the authority was informed that engineering studies would proceed on the property even though they had postponed any construction for the next 12 months. He said these studies could push 6 figures for just the engineering studies. Since nothing had been presented to the airport authority and they did not want the taxpayer money being spent until they knew more about the project and what was going on, decided, as an authority, by motion and unanimous vote, that they would not entertain the idea of a firing range going onto that property. He said there has been some further discussion on this, but the information has been relayed back to the county that they need to seek other sites for this project. He said one of their biggest concerns as an authority, is that there is a good bit of valuable commercial land available there that could be used in the development of the airport. He said the airport has gone through several years of upgrades and improvements. He said all members of the authority were concerned about the adverse impact of having a firing range on the property, and the future impact of other businesses locating on that property. He said there are items on the 6 year capital improvement plan to add hangars and other facilities.
Mayor Campbell opened up public comment time after Mr. Adams' airport report. Mr. Michael Monroe said they had been talking with law enforcement to get a rough idea about a shooting range. He said he wanted to see what the Council thought of an indoor shooting range in the Town of Brookneal. He said evidently the County cannot afford an indoor range because of the cost. Discussion and questions ensued about the proposal of a gun range in the Town of Brookneal. Mr. Thurston said that this proposal would require more research. Mr. Thurston asked Mr. Monroe to come up with some things in writing including the requirements and the parameters. Mr. Monroe said they would get more information from the sheriff's office. He said they wanted to talk with Council first to see how they felt about it.
Mr. Howard Wells, of Booker Road, asked about having a 15 mph sign on his road or a "children at play" sign since there are a lot of children playing in that area. Mr. Crews said he could put up the "children at play" sign. He said otherwise, he would have to get a mph sign approved by VDOT.
All council members complimented Day in the Town which was held Saturday, May 5, 2012.
Councilmember Wilkes said that the Town Manager Russell Thurston was doing a wonderful job. He asked him if he would check into a housing grant that might be available to help low income Town citizens to do some necessary repairs on their homes. He also said that he thought a vehicle should be available for Mr. Thurston's use. He suggested the Ford Explorer in the police department. Chief Baldwin said they would talk more about this and see if something could be worked out.
Upon motion from James Nowlin, seconded by Richard Adams, and unanimously carried, Mayor Campbell announced that the May 8, 2012, meeting was adjourned.


I am back with another recipe to make your own chicken nuggets and ditch those nasty processed chicken nuggets.
This one was inspired by a recipe I saw at Taste.com.au.
* It's so quick and easy! Get the cherubs to help you.
*It's perfect finger food for babies and toddlers as it makes really soft nuggets that are easy to chew!
*It's easy to make your own versions – use finely chopped leftover cooked veges, swap the veges to corn, pumpkin, broccoli – whatever! Got some leftover rice? Chuck that in too!
*It sneaks in some veges!
Put your oven on to 200 degrees celsius. Whack some baking paper on a large baking tray.
Whizz the bread in your thermomix or food processor to make fresh breadcrumbs and set aside on a plate.
Grate the zucchini, carrot, onion and garlic very finely (or chop really finely in your thermomix/food processor).
Squeeze out all of the moisture of the vege mix – if you don't the mix will be too sloppy! Keep the juice to chuck into soups/stews/stock.
Mix all ingredients, except the crumbs, with your hands – this bit is fun and a little therapeutic!
Roll small balls of the chicken mixture and then roll in the breadcrumbs. They are a little soft, but they will firm up when you cook them.
Place on the tray and spritz with oil (I use macadamia oil in a glass oil spritzer – cooking spray has lots of nasties!).
Fling your bombs into the oven and cook for about 10-15 minutes, depending on how big you made them. Serve them with whatever you like – my kids enjoyed the leftovers cold the next day in a salad wrap with mayo!
Make up a double batch and freeze the chicken and vege bombs uncooked. You will always have a quick, healthy option for the kids on standby!
You might also want to check out the other recipes in my campaign to 'just say NO to nuggets'.
Make it. Come back. Tell me what you think!
Thanks for this. I tried the taste one and found them quite bland. I will definitely be testing out this recipe.
Looks great. Thank you. Bookmarking. We are GFCF so this recipe looks exciting.
do I have to use the Herbamare? Can I use almond meal instead of breadcrumbs?
Awesome recipe…very like the one I use which I will get around to posting one of these days, lol.
Just made these tonight for my fussy 2 year old… she loved them!
I might attempt a vegetarian version of this and use quinoa maybe!
Wow these bombs were such a hit with the grand children and my son says they are "The best" My husband and I fully agree, they are wonderfully yummy and very more ish.. Thankyou so much.
Thankyou these were really yummy & easy to make. My 3 year old loved them too. Love your blog, thanks for sharing!
thanks for the feedback Catherine – so good to hear your 3 year old loved them!
Oh wow! That is an awesome idea Louise! Please take a photo for me if you do!!!!
The chicken and vege bombs were a massive success with my daughter Winter! I just left out the breadcrumbs and Herbamare so they were more suitable for a 9 month old and she wolfed them down.
Yum!!! Thanks for a brilliant recipe 🙂 Mr 3 is scoffing them down after helping me make them.
Do you think these would freeze ok for school lunches ?


"We are here to make a difference in the world, starting first in our community."
We are humanitarians, philanthropists, treehuggers, and friends of those in need. Our plan is to raise awareness in and around our area about serious issues we face. We are here to promote a more unified community, and come together to help create positive solutions.
Currently working regularly with nonprofits, churches and other organizations on various projects. We are volunteering primarily in the DFW area, but looking to expand to causes everywhere! Like our page and help us grow! We serve the homeless in and around DFW every weekend.
Get on the email list and come volunteer! There are projects for everyone!
Would you recommend THE AWARENESS PROJECT?


text:
The Anjan-class tugboats are a series of service watercraft built by Goa Shipyard Limited, earlier part of Mazagon Dock Limited, for the Indian navy.

Boats in the class

See also

References

Ships of the Indian Navy
Auxiliary ships of the Indian Navy
Tugs of the Indian Navy


Hi everyone and welcome to the Book Blitz for Christina Daley's novel Radiant, organized by Xpresso Tours! Below you can find some more info as well as an excerpt. There's also an international giveaway for winner's choice of an ebook copy or a signed bookmark!
"What about the kid the red car?" Mary asked.
The doctor took off his glasses. "I'm sorry. He didn't make it."
Mary stared at him. "But he looked at me."
"I don't know if that's a good idea," Mom said.
Mom's brow wrinkled. Then, she sighed. "We can see if his parents will allow it."
The doctor released her, and Mary left the room with her mother. When they got to the end of the hall, they saw a homely couple speaking with one of the ER surgeons. The woman was crying, and the man clutched her as if he was keeping her from falling apart.
"I'm very sorry Mr. and Mrs. Maxwell," the doctor said.
"We're not the Maxwells," the man said. "I'm Marcos Romero, and this is my wife Linda. We're their housekeepers. Carter's father and stepmother are out of the country right now."
"I see," the doctor said. "Have either of you contacted his parents? Or his mother?"
"I called and left a message for Mr. Maxwell," Mr. Romero said. "Carter's mother past away several years ago from cancer."
Mrs. Romero wailed. From the way she was crying, she might as well have been Carter's mom. Mary wished that she could cry with her. Mom once joked that Mary was born with the tiniest tear ducts in the world, so she didn't cry often. Now, she wished she could drum up a couple tears, if anything to not seem so unsympathetic.
Mary looked at her mother, who nodded. Then, she cautiously approached them. "Excuse me. But I'm Mary. I'm the…what I mean is…." She couldn't find the right thing to say. Mary had always been terrible with words. Especially the sensitive ones needed for things like this.
Mrs. Romero looked at her disheveled school uniform and her bandaged hands and knees. "You were the girl who was almost hit by the bus," she said.
"Are you all right?" Mr. Romero asked.
Mary nodded. "I am, thank you. But I was wondering if I could see him? Carter, I mean."
"I would advise against that," the surgeon said. "The body…I mean Carter…is not—"
The stout couple looked at one another. At last, Mrs. Romero said, "Let her."
The doctor looked at her. At last, he sighed and gestured for Mary to follow him.
Mary was used to hospitals, ever since Mom became a nurse. But she had never seen an operating room occupied. Instruments and equipment were still in the places where the doctors and nurses had left them when they were trying to save Carter's life. At the center was the operating table with a still figure on it, covered with a bloody sheet.
The doctor took part of the sheet. "Are you sure about this?"
No, Mary thought. But she nodded nonetheless.
He pulled the sheet down to Carter's neck.
Mary stared at the broken, pale face of a boy she hardly knew.
"I'll give you a few minutes." The doctor left the room to wait outside.
Mary studied Carter's closed eyes. Maybe when they had opened in the car, it was because of an involuntary spasm. Or maybe she really had just imagined it.
Mary bowed her head, once again wishing she could cry now. But all she could offer was a meager, "I'm sorry."
Mary took one last look at Carter as she turned to leave. But she stopped.
A single tear slowly fell from the corner of Carter's right eye.
Mary rubbed her eyes, making sure her vision was clear. Then she looked again.
Another tear escaped from the corner of Carter's eye.
Mary bolted from the room. "He's crying!"
Everyone looked at her like she was a lunatic.
"Mary, calm down," Mom said.
"But Mom, he's crying!" Mary repeated. "He has tears coming from his eyes."
The doctor looked at her curiously. "Are you sure? Maybe the tears came from you?"
Mary frowned. Couldn't he tell she wasn't crying? "You have to check him again," she said.
The Romeros looked at the doctor, like they had seen a glimmer of hope struggling through the sorrow. He sighed and shrugged, but he turned and went back into the operating room.
A tense few minutes passed. Suddenly, the doctor burst from the door, calling for his team. Several nurses rushed in and the door closed again.
Mary and the others hardly breathed, let alone spoke, as they waited in the hall.
Finally, after what felt like ages had passed, the doctor came out again, followed by the undeniable sound of the heart monitor beeping.
What do you guys think of the cover, description, or excerpt? I am SO curious about what Carter is possessed by! A demon? Some other entity? Is the real boy still 'in there' somewhere?


text:
Q: How do you solve this small Boolean Algebra problem? Boolean algebra:
a + ~a.b
This is as far as I got:
= a + ~a.b + a.~a
= a + ~a(b + a)

I know that the answer is a + b however I can't seem to prove it.
I would be very grateful if someone could show the steps to proving it.

A: The way to solve this is to break it down.
I prefer to use  & and | and !.

1.  A & (!A | B)

2.  (A & !A) | (A & B)   Distributive property

3.  0 | (A & B)          (A & !A) just like True and False can never be True

4.  A & B

You may also want to look at De Morgan's Laws

A: One way to do this easily is:
= a + ~a.b
= a.(1+b) + ~a.b
= a + a.b + ~a.b
= a+ b.(a + ~a)
= a + b

Thanks!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Nom commun
 Hoverboard, objet fictif futuriste de cinéma, sorte de planche sans roue permettant de se déplacer sans contact avec le sol, mu par lévitation ou sustentation électromagnétique.

Nom propre
 Hoverboard, marque de planche gyroscopique, sorte de gyropode sans manche et sans selle, objet de loisirs plus qu'un réel moyen de transport électrique personnel.

Références


text:
Das Kloster Sanctus Archangelus war seit 1223 wenigstens kurzzeitig ein Zisterzienserkloster auf der Insel Euböa in Griechenland.

Geschichte
Im Jahr 1223 gab der Bischof von Negroponte (Euböa) das griechische Kloster Sanctus Archangelus in der Diözese von Negroponte an das Kloster Chortaiton, dessen Tochterkloster es auf diese Weise wurde. Wie lange das Kloster als fränkisches Kloster bestand, ist nicht bekannt. Wenn es nicht schon im 12. Jahrhundert endete, dürfte es spätestens mit der türkischen Eroberung Euböas 1470 untergegangen sein.

Literatur
 Beata Kitsiki Panagopoulos: Cistercian and mendicant monasteries in medieval Greece. Chicago 1979, ISBN 0-226-64544-4, S. 7.

Einzelnachweise

Sanctus Archangelus
Sanctus Archangelus
Sanctus Archangelus
Euböa


We are always chuffed when coffee from Burundi lands on us. Despite the difficulties associated with getting coffee out of Burundi, it is always worth it. One of our favorite origins to roast and brew we look forward to the unique, complex and sweet flavors we taste in the final cup.


text:
After Zagrebdox the film "Lost Button" travels to Vinkovci and closes DORF
Documentary film "Lost Button", directed by Vukadin, Tonković and Bubalo trio, was successfully screened at this year's edition of documentary film festival Zagreb Dox. The film was screened within the program of music documentaries (Music Globe). After the screening the authors stayed in the cinema hall for the discussion with the audience. The film continues its journey after Zagrebdox, and on Saturday, March 14, it will be screened at 9th Festival of documentary rock film DORF in Vinkovci. The film "Lost Button" has the honour of closing this festival.
Mediterranean Film Festival also took part in production of this film, and the main producers are movie production Kadar from Široki Brijeg, Olimp from Zagreb and One Sand production from Austria. Co-producer is Croatia Records.
The documentary is an exciting biographic story about Goran Ipe Ivandić, the tragic drummer of the greatest rock band from the ex-Yugoslavia – Bijelo Dugme. The film goes back into the past when Ipe, still a kid, came to a rock band that conquered the country with over 20 million people in just a week. It reveals the story how this young man created the image of a music sensation when he was only 20 years old, and why his solos were the most spectacular part of their concerts. His fame was ended at the peak of his carrier when the police found hashish in his drums and put him to jail for two and a half years. This brutal punishment destroyed him emotionally and psychologically so after the prison Ipe was going through one crisis after another. He borrowed money from usurers and got into debt, started businesses where he lost everything, and finally his drama was ended by the mysterious death in Belgrade.
Film shows some of the most unforgettable moments in the history of ex-Yugoslav rock, virtuosities of Bebek, Bregović, Redžić, Pravdić and Ipe Ivandić, unforgettable scenes from the concert at Hajdučka česma (Belgrade). Through the interviews with a line of interesting witnesses the film reveals a wider story of Bijelo Dugme, rock 'n' roll and communism...


text:
Jiří Mazánek (* 1976) je český policista, od srpna 2018 ředitel Národní centrály proti organizovanému zločinu služby kriminální policie a vyšetřování.

Život
Na Policejní akademii ČR v Praze se věnoval bakalářskému studiu v oboru bezpečnostní služby, následovalo magisterské studium na Fakultě sociálních věd Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, a to obor politologie, a následně magisterské studium na Právnické fakultě Západočeské univerzity v Plzni, obor právo a právní věda. Vzdělání poté ukončil rigorozní prací na Právnické fakultě Univerzity Karlovy v Praze v oboru právo a právní věda.

K Policii České republiky nastoupil 1. března 1998, pracoval na všech stupních SKPV jako specialista na případy závažné hospodářské trestné činnosti, korupce a organizovaného zločinu. V minulosti (mezi lety 2006 až 2016) pracoval v Útvaru odhalování korupce a finanční kriminality služby kriminální policie a vyšetřování, kde se podílel na kauzách armádních zakázek týkajících se údajné korupce při nákupu obrněných vozidel pandur a údajně předraženého nákupu letadel CASA. Kvůli druhé zmiňované kauze na něj údajně vyvíjel telefonický nátlak tehdejší ministr financí ČR Miroslav Kalousek. Za práci na obou kauzách mu bylo uděleno ocenění Policista roku 2013.

Je autorem řady odborných článků v oboru trestního práva a kriminalistiky (např. pro odborné časopisy Trestní právo či Státní zastupitelství).

Po vzniku Národní centrály proti organizovanému zločinu služby kriminální policie a vyšetřování v roce 2016 se stal ředitelem sekce závažné hospodářské trestné činnosti a korupce NCOZ SKPV. Když ke konci července 2018 rezignoval na post ředitele NCOZ SKPV Michal Mazánek, přihlásil se do nabídkového řízení na uvolněné místo. V něm porazil náměstka NCOZ SKPV Milana Komárka a ke dni 1. srpna 2018 byl jmenován novým ředitelem Národní centrály proti organizovanému zločinu služby kriminální policie a vyšetřování .

Podle deníku FORUM 24 je považovaný za člověka blízkého Andreji Babišovi. Jako bývalý vyšetřovatel protikorupční policie se totiž v minulosti zabýval několika kauzami týkajícími se agresivního podnikání Agrofertu a vyřešil je odložením v jeho prospěch.

Reference

Čeští policisté
Absolventi Policejní akademie České republiky
Lidé Policie České republiky
Narození v roce 1976
Žijící lidé
Muži