Korea suicide rate, at one point, was extremely low for an industrialized country -- only 6.6 per 100,000 deaths in 1986, significantly below the current OECD average of 11.1 per 100,000 deaths. In just 20 years, however, Korea's suicide rate would more than quadruple to 31 per 100,000 deaths. Thus, to understand Korea's suicide phenomenon, we have to understand how Korean society changed from late 1980s to the late 2000s.
Sociological studies on suicide strongly suggest that modernization/industrialization entails a rise in suicide rate, and the spike in suicide rate will be higher as a country modernizes/industrializes later. Although there are certain regional variations, the trend is unmistakable: every single country, in the process of industrialization, experienced a spike in the rate of suicide. Even within the same country, an industrialized city experiences higher rate of suicide than a non-industrialized rural area.
Korea has been able to avoid the suicidogenic factors of industrialization until the late 1980s, thanks to the East Asian development model that allowed for the country to industrialize while maintaining a sense of community among works. The scheme, however, fell apart in 1997, as East Asian Financial Crisis swept Korea. Koreans faced a very different reality after the East Asian Financial Crisis, the one that was particularly conducive to suicides.
What is it about modernization that causes suicide? Modernity comes with capitalism and individualism, which travel hand in hand. Reduced to its core (and thus risking gross over-generalization,) modernity causes suicide because it commodifies individuals.
What does it mean to be commodified? In a pre-modern society, people's social identity is defined by their unchanging relationship to the larger society. If you are someone's father, you never cease to be the father (short of a catastrophe.) Accordingly, your duty and worth as a father likewise never change throughout your life. Such unchanging constancy is precisely the character that a commodity lacks. The worth of a commodity is strictly proportional to its usefulness. If the commodity loses its usefulness, it automatically loses all of its value. The commodity, quite literally, becomes worthless. And once rendered worthless, its existence no longer matters.
Perniciously, modernity commodifies human beings, with sophistication and precision never seen before in human history. In a capitalistic society, every "human resource" (hideous words, if you think about it) comes with a sticker price, precisely indicating his/her value. A lawyer costs $350 an hour; a stripper, $20 a song. And inevitably, for a large number of humans, the value is zero or near zero--useless, therefore worthless. Likewise inevitably, for even larger number of humans, the sticker price that are given to them (which is something that they can only partially control) is far lower than their own ideas of their intrinsic value. This discrepancy pushes such people to view themselves as worthless. The next step is easy--the commodity whose existence no longer matters proceeds to end its existence.
In 2011, there were two "suicide clusters" that made the news in Korea: at the prestigious KAIST University, and within the labor union for Ssangyong Motors. The members of those two clusters are very different. KAIST students are highly educated, generally belong to upper-middle class and are on the track to become Korea's elites. Ssangyong Motors workers are blue collar, less educated and a part of Korea's lower-class masses. But ultimately, they killed themselves for the same reasons.
KAIST, an acronym for Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, is Korea's premier college for science and technology. The school was founded in 1971, with an explicit purpose of attracting and educating Korea's brightest minds with the cutting-edge technology. It accepts less than a thousand undergraduate students every year.
KAIST experienced a rash of suicides in the early part of 2011. On January 8, a freshman was found dead on KAIST campus, apparently killing himself with sleeping pill overdose. On March 20, a sophomore killed himself by jumping out of his apartment. On March 29, a senior at KAIST jumped out of his apartment. Finally, on April 7, a KAIST sophomore committed suicide by jumping out of his apartment. Even in Korea, where the people are desensitized to the news of suicide, these suicides caused a stir. These students were, literally, geniuses. They had everything to look forward to in their lives. Why would they kill themselves?
In fact, this was not the first rash of suicides that KAIST experienced. KAIST also experienced a suicide wave between 1995 and 1996, during eight students attempted suicide (and six in fact died.) At the time, KAIST was running a brutal survival game: every year, 15 to 18% of KAIST students received a warning for failing too many classes. If a student received three warnings, she was expelled. As a result, KAIST expelled nearly 9% of its students every years. In response to the suicide trend, KAIST relaxed its policy: the threshold for a warning became significantly higher, and the expulsion came only after three consecutive warnings rather than three warnings overall. As a result, the suicide rate at KAIST between 2000 and 2005 at a level similar to other colleges in Korea.
The drive for competition again ratcheted up in 2006, when Seo Nam-pyo, formerly a professor at MIT, was appointed as the president of the university. Seo focused on improving KAIST's international standing and, by and large, he was quite successful: Times Higher Education ranked KAIST at 198 among the world's colleges in 2006; the ranking was 132 in 2007, 85 in 2008 and 69 in 2009. KAIST also developed extremely promising electronic vehicles that garnered international acclaim.
To achieve this dramatic improvement, Seo implemented two controversial measures. First, Seo required that most classes to be taught in English. By 2010, 91% of KAIST's classes were taught in English. Given that bilingualism is a key to the global economy, and especially for a trading economy like Korea, this was not a bad idea. But practically, the professors were unable to effectively teach all of their knowledge, and the students were unable to keep up completely. KAIST professors called the measure "insane," and KAIST students would write an open letter to their professors, begging for classes in Korean.
Second, Seo implemented a system in which a student with a lower grade had to pay higher tuition. Because KAIST is a national public university, the tuition is free; instead, every students pays a small fee of around KRW 1.5 million (~ $ 1,300). The new system made each student add KRW 60,000 for every 0.01 GPA point below 3.0. That is, a student with the overall GPA of 2.0 was faced with another KRW 6 million in fees per year. Because KAIST was graded on a curve, this meant that a quarter of the school automatically had to pay additional fees.
The second measure--dubbed by the media as "penal tuition system"--is precisely the type of commodification that came to dominate Korean society since the 1997 financial crisis. It was not enough to give a poor grade; there was a precise price tag for failure. It did not help that KAIST students were made up of the smartest people that they themselves knew of, or that KAIST was a small school where all students lived next to one another in a cluster of dormitories. Even for these geniuses who breezed through the grueling Korean educational system, this was too much.
In the face of media scrutiny and open expression of dissatisfaction from professors and students, president Seo backed off a bit. The "penal tuition system" was scrapped, although the English lectures remained. Seo finished his term in late 2012, and was succeeded by Dr. Steven Kang, former chancellor of University of California at Merced.
At the same time as KAIST students were ending their lives, Ssangyong Motors labor dispute has been claiming people's lives as well. But because Ssangyong Motors is so unlike KAIST, it was not until mid-2012 that this became a major social issue in Korea.
Ssangyong Motors [쌍용자동차] is a minor automobile company in Korea. Established in 1986, it was mostly a niche manufacturer specializing in producing SUVs. Although the company experienced a decent amount of success, it would fall on difficult times during the 1997 financial crisis. (Yes, that thing again.) Ssangyong Motors was initially sold to Daewoo Motors in 1998, but soon fell into the custody of Korean government after the Daewoo group disappeared in 2000. Ssangyong Motors was then sold to Shanghai Motors in 2004. Despite the frequent changes in ownership, Ssangyong was hanging on--until the 2008 global financial crisis. On January 2009, the board of directors of Ssangyong Motors--which was controlled by Shanghai Motors--voted to declare bankruptcy and undergo a court-supervised restructuring process. After an audit, Ssangyong Motors decided to conduct a mass layoff; 2,646 workers, which was 37% of all employees and 43% of the factory workers, were scheduled to lose their jobs.
To stave off the mass layoff, the labor union for Ssangyong Motors offered a compromise: the union would reduce the length of the shifts (and thus the salaries) so that everyone can continue working, and would serve as a guarantor to an emergency loan of around $100 million by putting up the union's pension fund as a collateral. When the management rejected this compromise, the union went into a strike.
As a renowned Korean novelist Gong Ji-yeong put it, a grim game of musical chair began. To break the strike, the management began telling the striking workers that those who quit the strike would keep their job. For those who did give into the management, their ordeal was only the beginning. As a condition for keeping their job, they were told to stage a counter-protest to the striking unionists.
The first death happened in April 2009. Oh Chang-bu, a contract worker who was pregnant was twins, miscarried as a result of the stress of being laid off. Dejected, she committed suicide soon thereafter. Two more union workers would die from stress-related brain aneurysm in May and June. In July, another union worker would commit suicide after agonizing over the fact that he had to participate in a management-staged counter-protest. The shadow of death reached the workers' families as well. Also in July, a wife of a striking laborer committed suicide by jumping out of the window.
The Ssangyong Motors strike would elevate in violence over time. In June 2009, the management sent in hired goons into the factory and began beating the workers. In the ensuing skirmish, approximately 90 people were injured. In July, the management cut off the access to the factory, as well as any supply of food and water. The management also hired a helicopter and sprayed liquid tear gas over the factory. Covered in the stinging tear gas, the workers had no water to wash themselves or quench themselves in the muggy Korean summer. Finally, the police entered the factory, beating and firing rubber bullets and tasers at the union workers.
The strike was over. The final "compromise" was that 48% of the workers who were set to lose their jobs would be on "unpaid leave" rather than complete dismissal, and no charges against the workers would be filed. The management literally broke these promises the moment the strike was over, as the police arrested 96 laborers. Nobody who was put on "unpaid leave" would regain his job. Those who managed to keep the job worked murderous hours, as they had to handle the work that was left behind by nearly half of the factory's manpower. In November 2011, Ssangyong Motors emerged out of bankruptcy and was sold to Mahindra Automotive of India.
To this day, the laid off Ssangyong Motors workers are protesting in Seoul, by setting up a memorial for the 23 workers who died. They demand the laid off workers to be re-hired, and mass layoff to be abolished.
Memorial for Ssangyong Motors labor union. The large letters say: "Layoff is Murder."
The story of Ssangyong Motors is an epitome of how Korean society changed since 1997, and how that change has been driving ever more Koreans toward suicide. I have received many objections so far that essentially said there was something about traditional Korean culture that encouraged suicide. Not so--because if that's the case, how does one explain the fact that, in the 1980s, Korea enjoyed one of the lowest suicide rates in the industrialized world?
Until 1997, Korean economy was insulated from the harsher form of capitalism. Thanks to strong unions, employment was stable. Once you were in, you were in for life. Such job security is much more than just having money. It gives a sense of community and purpose, precisely the things that keep the suicide rates low in the pre-modern societies. Before 1997, working for a Korean company meant being a part of a team with several thousand members, with a genuine sense of camaraderie fostered through union activities.
Facing this situation, it is very easy for the fired workers to begin blaming themselves. And in the world of neoliberal capitalism, such blaming is actually encouraged. (It would interrogate: "Why didn't you get more educated? Why didn't you acquire more skill? If you were just a little smarter, tried just a little harder, you would not be in the situation that you are in. Whatever happened to individual responsibility?") Even in a recession in which millions of competent people may lose their jobs through no fault of their own, the sway of such narrative is powerful. Once a worker who is fired and unable to find a new job buys into the narrative, his life is practically over. His social value became zero; he is a commodity whose existence no longer matters.
This is the conclusion of the series on suicide in Korea. One last takeaway: as a Korean American, I would like to urge Americans to take a close look at what happened in Korea for the last 15 years, because that is what will happen in America for the next 10 years. The social devastation of the 1997 financial crisis reaches far beyond the elevated suicide rate. In Korea, it has caused the middle class squeeze, ever-higher pressure for education (as it is seen as the only way to improve the worth of human capital,) higher rate of violent crime and more dysfunctional political culture. The sociological consequences of America's transition into the lean economic times probably will not be as drastic as Korea's, as America has a longer experience of living in modern capitalism. But many of the social ills that Korea went through as a result of its financial crisis are appearing in America now. To address them, America would do well to look to what happened in Korea, and how Korea succeeded and failed to address those issues.
Words alone cannot describe how insightful this article is.
I enjoyed this article quite a bit.
My personal belief is that Americans are very good at finding... alternate measures of self-worth and as a result are less suicide-prone. There is also more religious objection to suicide here. But I guess we'll see.
Thank you for this article, and the whole series of course.
I'm torn between agreeing with this article and finding it annoying. Agreeing, because I do think capitalism causes commodication of people, but not agreeing, because individualism, properly understood, is the opposite of that. Individualism does not mean not caring about other people - even if capitalism leads to the latter and mislabels it the former. It means self-reliance, standing up for one's own principles, and expression of one's individuality, yes, but not at the expense of the rights of others and therefore it is not incompatible with being a good family member or member of society; in fact, a good individualist is arguably better able to meet social obligations and supply social needs - as a healthy society is one which allows individuals to find fulfilment.
If individualism has a bad name in Korea, I suspect it is because of its unfortunate association with capitalism, and perhaps also because it is incompatible with something Korean society values highly: conformism. Ironically, - and I'm sure The Korean is aware of this - the pressure to conform just adds to the stresses coming from competitiveness and capitalism that, sadly, lead many Koreans to suicide.
If The Korean dislikes individualism, however, I can understand, because it is so often misused to oppose social or political reforms. Just to take one example, they say having a healthy diet is a matter of personal responsibility, which conveniently lets food companies and agribiz off the hook - they can flood the market with cheap (because subsidized), unhealthy, misleadingly advertised products and take zero responsibility for the consequences. But, of course, that doesn't mean we should be against personal responsibility - and nor should we blame individualism for a high suicide rate!
I think "individualism" comes with many shades, and I am rather fond of most of the shades. But I do think that at least one shade of individualism (that is, refusal to consider the individual's relations to other individuals) is a necessary condition for commodification, which is the thing that I really find pernicious. I am also deeply suspicious when people direct the words "individual responsibility" to those people who are the most exposed to the adverse currents of social events. In that sense, I don't think we would disagree much.
Thanks for the article, Korean. I really feel bad for these people who feel like they have to resort to suicide. But I feel even worse for the family they leave behind. What about the wife and the children of these Ssangyong workers? I can't imagine how much they will suffer knowing their husband/father killed himself and left them behind. How is the wife going to pay the bills and educate the children now all by herself? What about the children who will grow up poor and without a father? And these students at KAIST. What about their parents? Their siblings? To me, it is the ultimate selfish act. I can understand it if someone has a history of depression or mental illness and can't think straight. But to commit suicide simply to end one's troubles seems selfish, especially when they leave behind a family who will mourn and be destitute. One can argue that anyone who attempts suicide is obviously not thinking straight. Perhaps, but I do think there is a difference between people who chronically suffer from depression vs. people whose unfortunate circumstances cause them to attempt it.
What do you think is the solution to all this? More mental health counseling? A change in culture as VB mentioned? A better economy? Are there suicide statistics on countries that have become rich and then had deflated economies?
VB, I guess Korean dramas have moved on from amnesia/leukemia to infidelity/suicide. That is why I loved Dae Jang Geum, Mo-rae-shee-gae, and Yuh-Myung-Ae-Noon-Dong-Ja (an old one about Comfort Women and WWII) - sorry, don't have a Korean keypad. Everyone actually seemed normal in those dramas.
Helen, could you link that drama about the Comfort Women for me by chance? I've been researching individual stories for a short story and would love to see that. Thanks!
Hi, I don't see it on Youtube. It's called Eyes of Dawn (여명의 눈동자 (黎明의 눈동자) / Yeo-myoung-eui Noon-dong-ja) and stars Choi Si Ra, Choi Jae Sung, and Park Sang Won. Here is the Dramawiki link -- http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Eyes_of_Dawn. I don't know where you would find it because it was made back in 1981 but it was really, really good. It is about Korean comfort women and then the Korean War... asks why North and South Korean became enemies when we didn't need to be... along the lines of Front Line (a recent movie that asks the same question).
When we look at the entire human history, the individualism of the West has a short history--around 250 years or so. And when the West transitioned from collectivism to individualism (by going through industrialization and entering into modern capitalism,) it experienced a huge spike in suicide rate, just like Korea is going through now.
Is suicide in Korea "cultural"? In one sense you can say that--Korea's recent history formed a culture, which is currently contributing to elevated suicide rate. But is suicide in Korea "cultural" in a sense that it is connected Korea's tradition that stands out uniquely from all other countries in the world? No. You cite the gender roles under Confucianism, but you cannot possibly say that Confucianism is the only philosophy that promoted strict gender roles, nor can you say that there is no other society than Korea that historically experienced strict division of gender roles.
I agree. I don't think gender roles is the cause. But what about chaemyun? When a man loses his job, he loses face. Same with those KAIST students. They lose face when they get bad grades. They are too ashamed to face others and feel that they're no longer worth anything in this society. It's different from collectivism. Germany was a collectivist society but I don't think the concept of "face" was big in that culture. I have to believe this is what is contributing to the high suicide rate.
Think about this: 체면 has been important in Korea for at least five hundred years, potentially a thousand years. It certainly has been consistently important for the last 30 years. Then why was Korea's suicide rate so low in the 1980s, and so high in the 2010s? If 체면's importance is consistent, why the change at all? Stated differently, if Koreans cared more about "face" compared to people from other countries, shouldn't Korea's suicide rate constantly above international average?
As to the second question, I think Korea is going from pseudo-individualism to full-blown, naked individualism.
I would like to clarify that I don't think that Korean culture by itself can explain the high rate of suicides. My feeling is, however, that in some ways it contributes to making the final decision of an individual an easier one. Culture is not constant though and so I believe this may change the same way it did in the West.
Korean Confucianism is a very peculiar one - you wrote about it extensively yourself. As that it defines the Korean culture and Korean culture only. I wasn't talking in general terms.
Intriguing. Will you be writing another blog post on the solution to this social problem?
Wonderful article. I'm reading "The Twilight of American Culture" for a class this semester and was blown away at the statistic, "Of the world's one hundred largest econonomies ... fifty-one are corporations rather than countries, and the five hundred largest corporations account for 70 percent of world trade." To me, this seems to be the root of the problem with "modern capitalism". The corporations at the top are powerhouses without conscience and only one goal, making more money. We complain about the effects all the time, the outsourcing of jobs, the bombardment of consumer culture, and the pressure to keep up appearances at the risk of drowning in personal debt. I think you're right in alot of ways. Its happened to the U.S. more slowly, we're sinking without realizing it and so we don't struggle and give up hope so quickly, but if we keep on the path we're on now we'll end up in the same place. Or maybe we'll just numb ourselves with more reality tv and call it a day.
I agree but there are people like Bill Gates, Warren Buffet, Bloomberg and many others who end up giving most of their wealth to good causes. It would be good if more people did the same.
Most of these corporations are owned (or with a controlling number of shares) by a very small number of individuals or families, just as Korea's chaebol are, but with a lower public profile. These are the real rulers of the world.
I interpreted this sentence from the first installment to be your thesis, "Korea, as a society, condones an incredible level of ruthlessness and cruelty to those who lose out in the social competition." Not only did you back away from that argument which places responsibility on Koreans themselves, you ignored it for the next five installments, choosing instead to point to Korea's unexceptional suicide trend and trauma from 1997. The series was informative, but could have been much better had you elaborated on that crucial sentence.
I backed away from that sentence? I disagree. Didn't I just write a big post about smart students getting monetary fines for poor grades, and union members getting brutalized by the police? I think I elaborated what I meant by that sentence by providing real-life examples to finish the series.
I think your last paragraph is what is causing a bit of the confusion. I also feel like you started off by focusing on Korean culture but end up concluding that capitalism/the middle class squeeze is what is causing the high suicide rate (because this piece focuses mainly on capitalism). Isn't it a combination of both, though? I keep reading that the Korean populace has incredibly high debt. That is scary.
Anyway, you wrote a wonderful series and I appreciate all the info. It would be good if we can consider the prescriptions but I'm sure you're busy writing about the new sanctions on North Korea, which should be fascinating. I don't think the sanction goes far enough but that's another matter.
- Greenland is #1. It is triple the rate of Korea (#2). Is it too cold perhaps? Too cloudy and gloomy?
- Island nations (particularly those in sunny areas with nice beaches) have the lowest rate. Haiti, the poorest country in the world, has the lowest suicide rate! I guess nice weather, nice beaches, relaxed lifestyles, and low expectations (meaning they don't care to become the next Bill Gates) = happiness?
- Hispanic countries and Middle Eastern/Muslim countries are the next lowest. Is it because of the sunny weather or is it cultural?
- Then you have a cluster of industrialized European nations in the middle to higher category. US is #34, smack in the middle of these European countries.
- Then interesting, approaching the top are the former USSR states. I wonder if this fits with the Koreans' getting-rich-quickly theory since these countries probably became more industrialized after the the Cold War.
- Then you have the top category of East Asian nations (with a few random ones sprinkled in between). South Korea is #2. China is #7. Japan is #8.
While I agree with the Korean that capitalism/industrialization influence the suicide rate, I have to believe there is something cultural about this. Maybe it's the combination of expectations, chaemyun and industrialization. Confucian philosophy is very hierarchical but it allows people to move up in the hierarchy through education and hard work. It also emphasizes harmony and conformism. So, you have a bunch of Koreans, Chinese and Japanese who have high expectations of themselves (through education and hard work, they can become rich (and provide for their families - as Anna mentioned). They end up doing well while the country becomes rich. Then, suddenly, there's an economic stagnation and they lose their jobs, they can no longer keep up with the Kims, Chens and the Takayoshis and they can no longer conform to the upper society they are used to, their kids can't go to the best schools, people look down on them, and their chaemyun suffers because Asians care about that a lot more than western cultures. They consider it a personal failure. And it leads to suicide. I think this is what is happening.
No, it is about vitamin D levels. When we eat proper foods/get enough sunshine, we are okay. Once the shift in nutritional intake occurs (due to wide-spread prevalence of processed foods), one nation's mental health dwindles and the suicide rates skyrocket.
I thought your case study of KAIST was interesting. I went to Caltech, where brilliant students also killed themselves. At an institution like that, it is easy to become caught in an bubble, comparing yourself only with the people immediately surrounding you, without seeing that everybody there a lot of talent and potential.
How do people think about the school's role in promoting suicide in Korea? For example, when Caltech students commit suicides, their parents often sue the school. They do so in the belief that the school "should have done more" to prevent the suicide and should have notified the parents of their precious darling's precarious mental health. Is there any kind of belief in Korea that universities and institutions should have plans to protect students from suicide?
It is entirely possible that The Korean's thinking changed as the series progressed, he consumed more research, and did more thinking.
This blog post series constitutes enough information for an academic research article - as someone who's done academic research, let me say that one's thinking changes as the research process progresses.
But ultimately, The Korean is right - if you want to explain some change in society, you MUST account for the time-order element: why do suicides spike after 1990's and not before? The "culture" argument doesn't answer that time-order question, unless one wants to argue that Korea's culture changed in the 1990's.
In fact, The Korean IS arguing that there has been some changes in Korean society which may extend into Korean culture - Korean culture has become more individualistic and this has increased the feelings of "anomie" (normlessness, sense of lack of social belonging), as the sociologist Emile Durkheim put it.


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text:
Q: replace substring only one time, one place Example:
string1="ah ah I love you ah ah ah ah";

After replacement:
string1="ah ah I love you ah thank you ah ah";

The above  means 'ah' at fourth position should be replaced by 'thank you'
I don't know how to code task above by PHP. Can you help me?

A: $string = "ah ah I love you ah ah ah ah";
echo preg_replace_callback('/ah/', function($m) {
    static $count = 0;
    if(++$count == 4) return 'thank you';
    else return $m[0];
}, $string);

How it works: Each time ah matches the callback function is invoked. The static $count variable is increased and when it's the fourth match it returns the replacement string, otherwise the originally matched string.

A: A non regex approach.
$string = "ah ah I love you ah ah ah ah";

// search for the 4th 'ah'
$pos = 0;
for($i = 0; $i < 4; $i++){
    $pos = strpos($string, 'ah', $pos);
    $pos++;
}
// substring before the found, the replacement, and after the found
$result = substr($string, 0, $pos-1).'thank you'.substr($string, $pos+1);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Edwards' spokeswoman denies story on marriage proposal
CNN Senior Political Editor Mark Preston
Former Sen. John Edwards' spokeswoman flatly denied a story in the National Enquirer Wednesday.
Washington (CNN) - Former Sen. John Edwards' spokeswoman flatly denied a story in the National Enquirer Wednesday that claimed the 2004 Democratic vice presidential nominee is engaged to his mistress, Rielle Hunter.
The Enquirer reported that Edwards proposed to Hunter on the day he told her that he would publicly acknowledge being the father of their child, Frances Quinn.
Edwards was taking steps to run for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination when he began his affair with Hunter, a videographer. The former senator denied that he was the father of Frances Quinn for more than a year, but he acknowledged paternity late last month.
Edwards and his wife, Elizabeth, have legally separated.
"John has said that when his divorce is final, he'll buy her a diamond ring," the Enquirer quotes a 'close source' in the story as saying about the marriage proposal. "But in the meantime, he's getting them a house."
But Joyce Fitzpatrick, an Edwards spokeswoman, said in an e-mail to CNN that the report was "absolutely untrue."
The Enquirer broke the story of Edwards' affair with Hunter as well as his being the father of Frances Quinn.
A federal grand jury is investigating payments the former senator's campaign and supporters made to Hunter, who worked as a videographer for Edwards as he prepared for his 2008 presidential campaign.
Andrew Young, a former Edwards' aide complicit in helping the former senator hide the affair, revealed in his new tell-all book "The Politician" that prosecutors peppered him with a number of questions regarding the payments made to Hunter.
"I sat in the witness chair, and as the men and women of the grand jury scrutinized me, the prosecutors pressed me for exact information about checks that were written, the way the money was used and the timing of events," Young wrote. "They wanted names, dates, and amounts in very specific terms."
Filed under: John Edwards • Popular Posts • Rielle Hunter
I used to like John Edwards, but now I view him as nothing but a disgusting pig. He & Rielle Hunter are both scum and deserve each other. I just feel bad for Elizabeth and their children.
February 10, 2010 07:49 pm at 7:49 pm |
Chipster
Seriously, I was a supporter of Edwards for President and, at this point, I wouldn't believe him if he told me that water is wet!
I'd need a second opinion on it.
Time to close the door on this unhappy situation and just pray for everyone involved, especially that beautiful child.
Who cares about John Edwards. Enough with this guy!! He's unelectable and is finished!! The country has other pressing problems to deal with than to focus on Mr. Edwards. Forget him!!
Joe-Wilmington, DE
What a credible guy. Yeah, sure, we believe ya John.
Histruck
Scumbag and lowlife that about sums him up.
If it were the National Inquirer reporting it, I would believe them!
Yes, and the Edwards' camp has SUCH credibility when it comes to denials. They might as well not speak .. how could anyone believe anything they say about anything? The National Inquirer has WAY more credibility than they do .. and the sale of beachfront property in Southern California shouldn't be too hard to check out. We'll know the truth soon enough, more's the pity ..
Mike, formerly from Syracuse
If Edwards is denying it, you can bet your house it's true.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Robyn's Nest: Cooper's First Day of Pre-K 3!
I don't know what was up with the "bulldog" smile this morning, but he still looks so adorable anyway!
He looks so big! And so stinkin' cute.
Cooper's classroom theme is "fruit of the spirit", and each kid got assigned their own fruit for the year. Cooper is a coconut (soooo fitting - haha), so he found his mat the first day and sat down to "read" while they waited for all the kids.
Cora was in Cooper's class last year, and we're so happy they're together again this year! (Even if she doesn't look so pumped - haha).
You know I love a good comparison!
We absolutely adore Cooper's preschool, and can't wait for the great year ahead!


Cashmere Wrapping is a small business which sells high quality scarves, hand crafted in Nepal. When the owner moved to Boise from Seattle – she decided to market her products, using real people, wearing the scarves, in authentic Idaho locations.
Although the photo shoot, was meticulously organized and designed, working on location provided opportunities to bounce around to various locations, making decisions, while pivoting to grab moments which made the difference in showing the elegance of the scarves and the fun when wearing them.


text:
The wages of age…
Aging, we Baby Boomers are finding, is a lot like having ever-less-selective…. what's the word?…
Well, happily there's Tip of My Tongue, a site that allows one to type in partial spellings, fragments of meaning– whatever– and discover that missing definitive…
Oh, yeah: ageing is a lot like having ever-less-selective amnesia.
(And poke around creator Chirag Mehta's site for other nifty devices.)
As we make mounds of minute memos, we might recall that it was on this date in Tombstone, Arizona, at about 3:00p, that Wyatt Earp and his brothers Morgan and Virgil, and John H ('Doc') Holliday had the "Gunfight at the O.K. Corral" with Ike and Billy Clanton, Tom and Frank McLaury and Billy Claiborne. The 30-second shootout left both McLaurys and Billy Clanton dead and Virgil Earp, Morgan Earp, and Doc Holliday wounded.
All that said, the gunfight actually took place in a vacant lot near the intersection of Third Street and Fremont Street– behind the OK Corral, next to C.S. Fly's Boarding House and Photo Studio (which just didn't have the same ring to it).
Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday were arrested for murder; but at the hearing following the gunfight, it was determined that there was insufficient evidence to proceed.
The fundamental conflict was between Cowboys (the Clantons, et al., who were seen as rural criminals) and the "City" (as embodied by the Earps, et al.– Virgil was city marshall, and deputized his brothers and Holliday– who were interested in civic peace… and were accused by some of using their power to advance their gambling and mercantile interests). In the event, the Law– the City– won… a pattern repeated (albeit not always so violently) throughout the West. (While many films/books have memorialized the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, your correspondent recommends John Ford's The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance as the definitive film on this "civilizing" phenomenon; it is to the U.S. what Lampedusa's The Leopard is to Italy.)
Newspaper report of the gunfight
« Each of us, in our own ways…
The next six "National Treasures"… »


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How dengue makes the immune system the enemy
Erin Ross
Aedes aegypti mosquito. Photo: iStock / Oistock89
When someone gets sick, their body learns what the virus looks like, and destroys it upon re-infection. But when someone is infected with dengue a second time, the immune system appears to help the virus cause a more severe and fatal illness. Previously only seen in the lab, a new study published Thursday in the journal Science shows a direct link between the dengue antibodies themselves and severe illness in humans, supporting a 40-year-old theory.
Why it matters: Dengue fever infects as many as 390 million people each year, up to 96 million of whom will experience symptoms. For most, access to medical treatment makes dengue survivable. But for a small fraction of victims, the virus can progress from a normal infection to a life-threatening hemorrhagic illness in less than a day. A better understanding of how and why this happens could save thousands of lives.
Some background: Dengue is closely related to — and carried by the same mosquitoes as — Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. There are four circulating flavors, or serotypes, of dengue. Infection with one type grants immunity to that strain. But a secondary infection with a different dengue virus can lead to dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, more severe forms of the disease. Since immune responses make it worse, scientists are concerned about how vaccines and infections from related viruses could influence a dengue infection.
Why it happens: Although scientists agree that a secondary dengue infection is more severe than the first, and that the immune system is involved, the mechanism is debated. The most widely accepted theory is antibody-dependent enhancement, first proposed 40 years ago, which works like this:
An individual gets infected with one dengue virus type.
They then get infected with a second, different serotype.
The immune system recognizes the second dengue enough to respond, but doesn't send the right immune cells to take it down.
These antibodies instead inadvertently help the dengue virus enter human immune cells and reproduce more easily.
The body then mounts an over-the-top immune response, or cytokine storm. Normally cytokines cause disease-fighting inflammation, but with dengue the response can cause hemorrhage and shock.
Until now it was unknown what level of immune response and immune cells was necessary to trigger this reaction, although tests in the lab suggested there would be a 'sweet spot' for illness.
Past research has suggested that dengue vaccines in people who had never experienced dengue before can increase the risk of severe illness. The World Health Organization recommends the dengue vaccine only be given to children over 9 in areas where diseases levels are high. That means most vaccine recipients will already have some level of immunity.
What they did: The researchers used data from a longitudinal study of over 8,000 Nicaraguan children, 6,600 of whom had antibodies for dengue, and took yearly blood samples. They divided the children into four groups based on the levels of dengue-binding antibodies present in their blood measured via a simple assay. Then, they looked at the future risk of naturally occurring dengue infection developing into dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome.
What they found: Children with high levels of the antibodies and children who had never had dengue had the same, low risk of developing severe dengue. But children with a specific range of antibodies were 7.64 times more likely to develop severe illness.
There are a few practical implications of this research.
Study author Eva Harris imagines, potentially, a future where assays of dengue antibody levels are a normal part of yearly medical exams. If someone becomes re-infected with dengue, they can look at the pre-existing antibody levels and predict the risk of severe dengue developing, and preventatively hospitalize the patient.
Past research has shown the dengue vaccine can increase the risk of severe dengue in those who have never been infected. It's possible antibody levels could be used to predict who would benefit most from the expensive vaccines, and who should wait to receive them.
Remaining questions: Research has shown dengue severity can be influenced by which serotypes are circulating, and the order of infection. This study didn't look at the response to specific serotypes only antibody levels. And, while this study has shown a strong predictive correlation between antibody levels and severe dengue, more research is needed before anything definitive can be said.


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EBCD
IUCN/CEM/FEG
Mission & Background
EU level
International level
About & Secretariat
Report: Assessing Progress towards Aichi Biodiversity Target 6 on Sustainable Fisheries
The Report on Assessing Progress towards Aichi Biodiversity Target 6 on Sustainable Fisheries (available here), developed by the IUCN Fisheries Expert Group (FEG), coordinated by EBCD, has been released by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity as part of its Technical Series.
The Report discusses key elements and approaches for realistic and coherent reporting on the elements of Target 6: (6A) Sustainably Harvested Species, (6B) Depleted Target and Non-Target Species, (6C) Threatened Species and Vulnerable Ecosystems, (6D) Safe Ecological Limits. The connection between Aichi Target 6 and the Sustainable Development Goals (particularly SDG 14) is also briefly described. The report focuses on three aspects of sustainable fisheries: (1) the fight against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing; (ii) the implementation of the ecosystem approach; and (3) the performance of regional fishery management organizations (RFMOs).
Although its focus is on assessing and reporting elements under Aichi Biodiversity Target 6 (2011-2020), the Report represents an important knowledge-base for the development of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Targets. Elizabeth Maruma Mrema, Acting Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, stated: "This report provides extremely valuable insights in the development of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework, as well as its accompanying monitoring and reporting framework. Furthermore, it underpins the critical need for the active engagement of the fisheries community not only in setting global goals/targets for biodiversity, but also in implementing action on the ground, as well as monitoring and reporting on the state of fisheries and efforts to achieve sustainable fisheries."
The Report was funded by the CBD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Government of Canada, and was developed by the IUCN Fisheries Expert Group (mainly by Serge Garcia and Jake Rice with contributions from other FEG Members), coordinated by EBCD.
Aichi Biodiversity Target 6 Biodiversity Post-2020 biodiversity targets Convention on Biological Diversity ecosystem approach Fisheries Fisheries Governance Global Biodiversity Targets post-2020 IUU Marine Biodiversity Post-2020 Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework Post-2020 Targets RFMOs Science-Policy SDG14 sustainability Sustainable Development Goals sustainable fisheries UNBiodiversity
IUCN: Conservation Issues in the Marine Capture Fisheries Sector
Press Release: Ocean and Climate after COP26
Practical Guidance for the UN Global Compact Sustainable Ocean Principles
Convention on Biological Diversity: Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework
EBCDIUCN/CEM/FEG
Announcement: Workshop on Testing OECM Practices and Strategies
Founded in 1989, EBCD is an international environmental non governmental organization.
NGO's
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Dongphil Chun & Yanghon Chung & Chungwon Woo & Hangyeol Seo & Hyesoo Ko, 2015. "Labor Union Effects on Innovation and Commercialization Productivity: An Integrated Propensity Score Matching and Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, Open Access Journal, vol. 7(5), pages 1-19, April.
Patrice Laroche & Heidi Wechtler, 2011. "The Effects of Labor Unions on Workplace Performance: New Evidence from France," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 157-180, June.
Addison, John T. & Siebert, W. Stanley, 2002. "Changes in Collective Bargaining in the U.K," IZA Discussion Papers 562, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Sergio Salis & Allan M. Williams, 2010. "Knowledge Sharing through Face-to-Face Communication and Labour Productivity: Evidence from British Workplaces," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 48(2), pages 436-459, June.
Alex Bryson & John Forth & Patrice Laroche, 2009. "Unions and Workplace Performance in Britain and France," CEP Discussion Papers dp0920, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
Dr Alex Bryson & John Forth, 2009. "Unions and Workplace Performance in Britain and France," National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR) Discussion Papers 327, National Institute of Economic and Social Research.
Francis Green & Stephen Machin & David Wilkinson, 1999. "Trade Unions and Training Practices in British Workplaces," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 52(2), pages 179-195, January.
Green, F. & Machin, Stephen & Wilkinson, D., 1996. "Trade unions and training practices in British workplaces," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 20684, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
F Green & Stephen Machin & D Wilkinson, 1996. "Trade Unions and Training Practices in British Workplaces," CEP Discussion Papers dp0278, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
Belfield, Richard & Marsden, David, 2002. "Matchmaking: the influence of monitoring environments on the effectiveness of performance pay systems," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 3636, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
Richard Belfield & David Marsden, 2002. "Matchmaking: the Influence of Monitoring Environments on the Effectiveness of Performance Pay Systems," CEP Discussion Papers dp0543, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
S. Dobbelaere, 2003. "Joint Estimation of Price-Cost Margins and Union Bargaining Power for Belgian Manufacturing," Working Papers of Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Belgium 03/171, Ghent University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration.
Dobbelaere, Sabien, 2005. "Joint Estimation of Price-Cost Margins and Union Bargaining Power for Belgian Manufacturing," IZA Discussion Papers 1466, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Addison, John T. & Belfield, Clive R., 2007. "Unions, training and firm performance," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 40(4), pages 361-381.
Battu, Harminder & Belfield, Clive R. & Sloane, Peter J., 2001. "Human Capital Spill-Overs Within the Workplace," IZA Discussion Papers 404, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
John T. Addison & Clive R. Belfield, 2004. "Union Voice," Journal of Labor Research, Transaction Publishers, vol. 25(4), pages 563-596, October.
Addison, John T. & Belfield, Clive R., 2003. "Union Voice," IZA Discussion Papers 862, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
John H. Pencavel, 2004. "The Surprising Retreat of Union Britain," NBER Chapters,in: Seeking a Premier Economy: The Economic Effects of British Economic Reforms, 1980-2000, pages 181-232 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
John Pencavel, 2003. "The Surprising Retreat of Union Britain," NBER Working Papers 9564, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
Pencavel, John, 2003. "The Surprising Retreat of Union Britain," IZA Discussion Papers 818, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Addison, John T. & Heywood, John S. & Wei, Xiangdong, 2001. "Unions and Plant Closings in Britain: New Evidence from the 1990/98 WERS," IZA Discussion Papers 352, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Jed Devaro & Fidan Ana Kurtulus, 2011. "What types of organizations benefit from teams, and how do they benefit?," UMASS Amherst Economics Working Papers 2011-16, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Economics.
Jaime Saavedra-Chanduví & Máximo Torero, 2002. "Union Density Changes and Union Effects on Firm Performance in Peru," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 3282, Inter-American Development Bank.
Jaime Saavedra-Chanduví & Máximo Torero, 2002. "Union Density Changes and Union Effects On Firm Performance in Peru," Research Department Publications 3158, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
David Metcalf, 2002. "Unions and Productivity, Financial Performance and Investment: International Evidence," CEP Discussion Papers dp0539, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
Clive Belfield, 2005. "Workforce gender effects on firm performance and workers' pay: evidence for the UK," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(8), pages 885-891.
Addison, John T. & Belfield, Clive R., 2008. "Unions, Training, and Firm Performance," IZA Discussion Papers 3294, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
Brown, W., 2006. "The Influence of Product Markets on Industrial Relations," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 0652, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cep:cepdps:dp0242. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.


text:
typedef CGAL::Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel K;
typedef CGAL::Skin_surface_traits_3<K>                      Traits;
typedef CGAL::Union_of_balls_3<Traits>                      Union_of_balls_3;
typedef Union_of_balls_3::Weighted_point                    Weighted_point;
typedef Weighted_point::Point                               Bare_point;
typedef CGAL::Polyhedron_3<K>                               Polyhedron;

int main() {
  std::list<Weighted_point> l;

  l.push_front(Weighted_point(Bare_point(0,0,0), 1));
  l.push_front(Weighted_point(Bare_point(0,1,0), 2));
  l.push_front(Weighted_point(Bare_point(0,0,2), 1));

  Union_of_balls_3 union_of_balls(l.begin(), l.end());

  Polyhedron p;
  CGAL::mesh_union_of_balls_3(union_of_balls, p);

  return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Pest Exterminators is committed in providing Bowes Park with reliable squirrel control for your flat.
We've proudly provided expert advice to landlords in Bowes Park, Chiswick and Nunhead too. Our affordable squirrel control service is available 24/7.
A experienced, technical member of our pest control team will be able to visit your home immediately.
They'll be able to determine the risk posed by the squirrels and give you a free quote. Despite the extent of your pigeon problem, PEST EXTERMINATORS London is here to help you today.
We can offer and implement a number of prevention measures that will exterminate the presence of squirrels around your property. Our dependable squirrel control service is here to relieve your [frustration] caused by squirrels and other pests.
Contact us on 0800 772 3262 today and we'll be able to get a devoted member of our team to your Bowes Park house within hours.
Put an end to any squirrels rats and mice etc. infestation. Here is how it is done. At Pest Exterminators London, our team of experts follow and carry out an efficient service that promises a 93% success rate on our first visit.
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When it comes to weight loss most people want quick and effective solutions for losing weight but there is hardly any focus on safe measures or guides which provide safe measures for losing weight. There are people who apply different kinds of strategies. Some people are lucky enough to be blessed with naturally high metabolic rates and hence they never really have to bother with losing weight and stay thin in spite of the calorie laden junk food which they consume. But unfortunately most people have poor metabolic rates and they tend to put on weight even at the site of junk food.
With eating of regular but small portions through the day, the rate of metabolism in the body can be improved and frequent meals also aid in the process. Studies and researches have proved that by eating frequent meals the metabolic rate of the body can be increased.Losing weight is only possible if you have good metabolic rates because there are hardly any solutions for weight loss which do no require increased metabolic rates.
The numbers of calories which are consumed by the body are also dependent on the fat and the carbohydrate content in them. The foods which are rich in fat and carbohydrates have more calories as compared to the foods that contain more of protein and vitamin sources. Thus consumption of healthy foods which are rich in fiber content helps the body to lose weight faster.
With the increase of the metabolic rate the faster burning of food and also conversion of food to energy happens much faster. However, these frequent meals should not be junk food because in these cases you may put on more weight instead of losing weight. The other most effective method of weight loss is through exercising.
Exercises work the best when combined with dieting and the body is able to lose weight if the calories burnt by the body are less than what the body consumes. For example, if you are consuming about 2500 calories every day but losing only 2000 through exercising then the chances of weight loss are remote but increase of weight is surely on the cards.
Another way that metabolism aids in weight loss is converting more of food to energy. This can be done by staying active throughout the day and ensuring that you are drinking more of water. People who drink more of water keep their metabolism grooving for a longer time as compared to those who don't.
This entry was posted in Health & Wellness, Weight Loss.


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Jovanotti News
New album 'Lorenzo Sulla Luna' out now.
Jovanotti Links
https://www.soleluna.com/
https://www.facebook.com/lorenzo.jovanotti.cherubini/
https://www.instagram.com/lorenzojova/
https://twitter.com/lorenzojova
Jovanotti Albums
Backup 1987-2012
Lorenzo Negli Stadi Backup Tour 2013 (Live)
Lorenzo 2015 CC
L'Estate Addosso [ Original Motion Picture Soundtrack ]
Oh,Vita!
Oh,Vita! (Vinyl 2LP)
Jova Beach Party
Jova Beach Party (Vinyl)
Lorenzo Sulla Luna (CD)
Lorenzo Sulla Luna (Vinyl)
Jovanotti Biography
Lorenzo Cherubini - stage name Jovanotti - was born on the 27th September 1966 in Rome. His family originates from Cortona, a small and enchanting village near Arezzo where Lorenzo spent the most part of his childhood and where he has established his home over the past few years. After debuting as a DJ on various local radio stations, he moved to Milan having received an invitation from Claudio Cecchetto from Radio Deejay. His passion for music, discotheques and rapping led to the recording of his first successful singles "Gimme Five" and "E' Qui La Festa?" which make way for his debut album, "Jovanotti for President". In his native Italy he has sold more than five million albums and performs in front of sell-out crowds in stadiums. Yet Cherubini has left his homeland - and superstar status - for New York. He has decided to start from scratch in a city that inspired his love of hip hop in the 1980s and led him to introduce rapping to the land of opera. Since the 1990s, Jovanotti has incorporated classical, ska, funk, Latin music and more into his music, and collaborated with Amadou & Mariam, Ben Harper, The Beastie Boys and the late Luciano Pavarotti, among others.


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Doratifera oxleyi, the painted cup moth, is a moth of the family Limacodidae. The species was first described by Newman in 1855. An Australian moth, it is found in New South Wales and Victoria, as well as South Australia and Tasmania.

The wingspan is about 50 mm for females and 20 mm for males.

Females lay eggs in clusters of 40 and cover with body hairs from their abdomen. Eggs take 12 days to hatched.

The larvae feed on Eucalyptus species. Like most other members of the Limacodidae family, they are covered with poisonous hairs.

References

Limacodidae
Moths described in 1855
Moths of Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Andy's short list of must-read marketing books.
Holiday break is over, the mad rush is behind us, taxes are ahead of us… This is the season we all start thinking about where we excelled and where we fell short in business last year. But, few of us actually make a plan.
I'm a huge fan of the long-term marketing plan and monthly team pow-wows to brainstorm short-term action lists.
The good news is it doesn't have to be some long, boring document that looks more like a legal disclaimer than an outline of fun marketing ideas.
Whether your marketing plan is one huge piece of paper that charts your goals and tactics for the quarter, a traditional outline that looks ahead to the whole year, or a notebook of ideas with tabs to organize different sections of your marketing plan, it all works the same.
It's what's in the marketing plan that sets you apart. Finding inspiration – all year long – is the biggest key to your continued success.
Here is my short list of marketing books to read this year. Who knows, it just might spark that next big idea you've been looking for.
Click on a book cover below to learn more and nab a copy for the office.


The BBX 155 is our standard battery powered asset tracker. The device uses an accelerometer to detect movement together with high accuracy GPS technology to provide ultimate monitoring and control of your assets. Reporting is highly configurable and can be transmitted at regular intervals as well as whenever movement is detected. These configurations can be changed remotely after deployment of the asset to optimise battery life. Battery life is dependent on usage and ranges from 2 years with regular reporting to 5 years reporting one position a day. The BBX 155 can be self-installed with cable ties, or screw or magnetic mounts and can withstand tough conditions with an IP67 rating. The onboard storage can record more than 50,000 position reports if out of cellular range to be uploaded when reconnected. This reliable battery-powered device allows greater control over all your assets. The BBX 155 is ideal for mobile assets such as generators, skip bins, containers and trailer tracker solutions.
Battery Type 4 x C cell. Good quality industrial specification batteries recommended. Optional Lithium-Thionyl-Chloride (LTC) battery for extreme temperature and long-life requirements.
Battery Life Up to 5 years with 1 position per day, regular reporting up to 2 years and in constant tracking mode 40-100 hours. Life will vary according to usage, such as movement detection.
GPS Receiver 72 channel, -167dbm optimised hot start, LNA, GPS and GLONASS for improved location accuracy in challenging environments.


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Rachel Bluwstein Sela (20 September (Julian calendar) 1890 – 16 April 1931) was a Hebrew-language poet who immigrated to Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire, in 1909.
She is known by her first name, Rachel ( ), or as Rachel the Poetess ( ). She is featured on Israel's 20 Shekel Banknote.

Biography
Rachel was born in Saratov in Imperial Russia on 20 September 1890, the eleventh daughter of Isser-Leib and Sophia Bluwstein, and granddaughter of the rabbi of the Jewish community in Kiev. During her childhood, her family moved to Poltava, Ukraine, where she attended a Russian-speaking Jewish school and, later, a secular high school. She began writing poetry at the age of 15. When she was 17, she moved to Kiev and began studying painting.

At the age of 19, Rachel visited Palestine, with her sister Shoshana, en route to Italy, where they were planning to study art and philosophy. They decided to stay on as Zionist pioneers, learning Hebrew by listening to children's chatter in kindergartens. They settled in Rehovot and worked in the orchards. Later, Rachel moved to Kvutzat Kinneret on the shores of the Sea of Galilee, where she studied and worked in a women's agricultural school. At Kinneret, she met Zionist leader A. D. Gordon who was to be a great influence on her life, and to whom she dedicated her first Hebrew poem.

In 1913, on the advice of Gordon, she journeyed to Toulouse, France to study agronomy and drawing. When World War I broke out, unable to return to Palestine, she returned instead to Russia where she taught Jewish refugee children. In Russia she suffered from poverty and strenuous labour, as well as the reappearance of her childhood lung disease. It may have been at this point in her life that she contracted tuberculosis. Lonely, ill and famished, she had only one hope left: to return to Palestine. In 1919, after the war, she boarded the first ship to leave Russia to Palestine.

She returned to Palestine on board the ship Ruslan and for a while joined the small agricultural kibbutz Degania, a settlement neighbouring her previous home at Kinneret. However, shortly after her arrival she was diagnosed with tuberculosis, then an incurable disease. Now unable to work with children for fear of contagion, she was expelled from Degania and left to fend for herself. In 1925 she lived briefly in a small white house in the courtyard of the William Holman Hunt House at No. 64 Street of the Prophets in Jerusalem. She spent the rest of her life traveling and living in Tel Aviv, eking out a living by providing private lessons in Hebrew and French, and finally settled in a sanatorium for tuberculosis patients in Gedera.

Rachel died on 16 April 1931 in Tel Aviv, at the age of 40. She is buried in the Kinneret cemetery in a grave overlooking the Sea of Galilee, following her wishes as expressed in her poem If Fate Decrees. Alongside her are buried many of the socialist ideologues and pioneers of the second and third waves of immigration. Naomi Shemer was buried near Rachel, according to Shemer's wish.

Literary career

As a member of the editorial staff of Davar newspaper, Zalman Rubashov later Zalman Shazar, who became the third President of Israel, encouraged her to write and publish her poetry.

Her early work was in Russian but she switched to Hebrew. Most of her poems were written in the final six years of her life, usually on small notes to her friends. In 1920 her first poem, Mood, was published in the Hebrew newspaper Davar. Eventually the majority of her poems were published there on a weekly basis, and quickly became popular with the Jewish community in Palestine and later, the State of Israel.

Rachel is known for her lyrical style, the brevity of her poems, and the revolutionary simplicity of her conversational tone. The majority of her poetry is set in the pastoral countryside of the Land of Israel. Many of her poems echo her feelings of longing and loss, a result of her inability to realise her aspirations in life. In several poems she mourns the fact that she will never have a child of her own. Lyrical, exceedingly musical and characterised by its simple language and deep feeling, her poetry deals with fate, her own difficult life, and death. Her love poems emphasise the feelings of loneliness, distance, and longing for the beloved. It also touches upon the hardships and laments of a pioneer reminiscing of times spent in labouring on the land. Her lighter poetry is ironic, often comic. Her writing was influenced by French imagism, Biblical stories, and the literature of the Second Aliyah pioneers. Another major creative influence on Rachel's poetry was the Acmeists and their leader, the Russian poet Anna Akhmatova. Rachel's style reflects the movement's strive for "clarity, accuracy, conciseness, and economy of language" in poetry.

In some poems Rachel expresses identification with biblical figures such as Rachel, her namesake matriarch, and Michal, wife of David.

Rachel also wrote a one-act comic play Mental Satisfaction, which was performed but not published in her lifetime. This ironic vignette of pioneer life was recently rediscovered and published in a literary journal.

Awards and recognition
Rachel was the first Jewish woman poet in Palestine to receive recognition in a genre that was practiced solely by men. Anthologies of her poetry remain bestsellers to this day. Many of her poems were set to music, both during her lifetime and afterwards, and are widely sung by Israeli singers. Her poems are included in the mandatory curriculum in Israeli schools. A selection of her poetry was translated to English and published under the title Flowers of Perhaps: Selected Poems of Ra'hel, by the London publisher Menard. Poems by Rachel have been translated to English, German, Czech, Polish, Esperanto, Italian, Serbo-Croatian, Hungarian, Basque (by Benito Lertxundi) and Slovak.

In his foreword to the 1994 edition of Flowers of Perhaps, the acclaimed Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai stated: "What may be most remarkable about the poetry of Ra'hel, a superb lyric poet, is that it has remained fresh in its simplicity and inspiration for more than seventy years."

In 2011, Rachel was chosen as one of four great poets whose portraits would be on Israeli currency (the other three being Leah Goldberg, Shaul Tchernichovsky, and Nathan Alterman).

In 2016, Google Doodle commemorated her 126th birthday.

Published works

Poetry books published in Hebrew
 Aftergrowth, Davar, 1927 (Safiah, ספיח)
 Across From, Davar, 1930 (Mineged, מנגד)
 Nevo, Davar, 1932 (Nevo, נבו)

Later Hebrew editions and compilations
 Poems, Davar, 1935 (Shirat Rachel, שירת רחל)
 The Poems and Letters of Rachel, in Manuscript, Hotza'at Kineret, 1969 (Shirei Rachel u-Mikhtaveiha bi-Khtav Yada שירי רחל ומכתביה בכתב ידה)
 Inside and Outside Home (children), Sifriat Poalim, 1974 (Ba-Bayit U Va-Hutz, בבית ובחוץ)
 As Rachel Waited, Tamuz, 1982 [Ke-Chakot Rachel, כחכות רחל]
 Poems, Letters, Writings, Dvir, 1985 (Shirim, Mikhtavim, Reshimot, שירים, מכתבים, רשימות)
 In My Garden, Tamuz, 1985 (Be-Gani Neta`atikha, בגני נטעתיך)
 Will You Hear My Voice, Bar, 1986 (Ha-Tishma Koli, התשמע קולי)
 Rachel's Poems, Sridot, 1997 (Shirei Rachel, שירי רחל)

Translations
 English: Flowers of Perhaps: Selected Poems of Rahel London, Menard, 1995,
 Finnish: Lähellä kaikki kaukaisuus: Runoja Basam Books, 2021,
 German: Berlin, Hechalutz, 1936; Tel Aviv, Davar, 1970
 Spanish: Barcelona, Riopiedras, 1985
 Yiddish: Winnipeg, WIZO U.S.A. and Canada, 1932
 Buenos Aires, Kium Farlag, 1957

Individual poems have been published in Afrikaans, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, English, Esperanto, French, Frisian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Spanish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Welsh, and Yiddish.

Books about Rachel
 Biography in French: " Quand Israël rêvait. La vie de Rachel Bluwstein." Author: Martine Gozlan. Editor: Le Cerf, Paris, 2018

Selected poems

Our Garden
Spring and early morning –
do you remember that spring, that day? –
our garden at the foot of Mount Carmel,
facing the blue of the bay?

You are standing under an olive,
and I, like a bird on a spray,
am perched on the silvery tree-top.
We are cutting black branches away.

From below, your saw's rhythmic buzzing
reaches me in my tree,
and I rain down from above you
fragments of poetry.

Remember that morning, that happiness?
They were – and disappeared,
like the short spring of our country,
the short spring of our years.Barren
Oh, if I had a son, a little son,
with black curled hair and clever eyes,
A little son to walk with in the garden
under morning skies
a son,
a little son.

I'd call him Uri, little laughing Uri,
a tender name, as light, as full of joy
as sunlight on the dew, as tripping on the tongue
as the laughter of a boy -
"Uri"
I'd call him.

And still I wait, as mother Rachel waited,
or Hannah at Shiloh, she the barren one,
until the day comes when my lips whisper,
"Uri, my son."Ra'hel's Book
By her grave her book
dangles from a chain,
as if the words had not
already flown,
and sown,
in hearts everywhere,
seeds of song.
Nurtured by despair
they flower there.

See also
Esther Raab (1894–1981), friend and author of Hebrew prose and poetry, known as "the first Sabra poet" (sabra meaning 'born in the Land of Israel')

References

External links

 Biography and bibliography from the Institute for the Translation of Hebrew Literature
  Rachel's Poetry at Poems Found in Translation
  Full text of Rachel's poetry
  Rachel/Mood (basic translation of her poem "Helech Nefesh")
 Rachel Bluwstein's 126th Birthday - Google Doodle

1890 births
1931 deaths
Modern Hebrew writers
Hebrew-language poets
Israeli women poets
Ashkenazi Jews in Mandatory Palestine
Ashkenazi Jews in Ottoman Palestine
Jews from the Russian Empire
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the Ottoman Empire
20th-century Israeli poets
20th-century Israeli women writers


Yulia Skripal's Wednesday interview with Reuters has already caused a public outcry. Yulia along with her father Sergei Skripal were poisoned in an alleged nerve agent attack in the UK's Salisbury in March 2018.
Commenting on Yulia Skripal's interview with Reuters, Russian presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov said that Moscow is unsure sure whether the interview was given of the woman's own free-will.
"Until now, the UK side has not complied with the Vienna Convention [and] up to this point, Russia has not been provided with consular access to Yulia Skripal. We cannot be completely sure about her condition, whether there is any pressure being put on her, whether she made the statements of her own free will," Peskov emphasized.
He added that Russia has very right not to believe in the authenticity of the video address by Yulia Skripal.
"We still do not know what state Yulia Skripal is in, we do not know where she is, under what conditions, who is undertaking whatever actions regarding her, whether her rights are being respected," Peskov pointed out.
Earlier, Sputnik cited the husband of Yulia Skripal's cousin Viktoria as saying that she believes Yulia was pressured into making her video message for Reuters.
"I have not seen the video but Viktoria has. According to her, it can be seen clearly that she [Yulia] was speaking under pressure and that her text was read out," Arseniy Elifantyev said.
Leonid Slutsky, head of the Russian Lower House (State Duma)'s International Affairs Committee, for his part, did not rule out that Yulia Skripal's interview could have been orchestrated.
According to him, the goal of Yulia's video message is to try to hide the truth about the Salisbury incident.
"So the Russian Embassy's demands for a meeting with Yulia are quite fair and justified. State Duma deputies will continue to monitor the situation," Slutsky said.
He added that the video message raises a lot of questions about her living conditions as well as the truth of her words and intentions.
"British authorities have not yet granted Russian consular employees' and embassy staff access [to Yulia Skripal] to ensure that the Russian citizen is safe and is not making statements under pressure," Slutsky stressed.
He also said that the Russian side is pleased to see Yulia alive and that it is ready to provide the necessary assistance for her return home.
The Russian Embassy in the UK, in turn, has pointed out that it still suspects Yulia Skripal is being kept in Britain against her will, insisting that Russian consulate officials should be provided direct access to her.
"The United Kingdom has a responsibility to give us the opportunity to communicate directly with Yulia to make sure that she is not kept [in the UK] against her will and does not make statements under pressure. So far we have every reason to suspect the opposite," a Russian Embassy spokesperson told Sputnik.
The spokesperson said that the embassy believes the text she read during her first interview after the poisoning, was originally written in English.
"Clearly, Yulia read out a pre-written text. Moreover, judging by a number of expressions, it was a translation from English, and the original was written by a native speaker. Yulia's handwritten letters published in two languages prove this impression," the spokesperson stressed.
In a video message for Reuters, Yulia Skripal, who is a Russian citizen, expressed gratitude to the Russian Embassy in the UK, which had offered her assistance, but explained that she "doesn't wish to avail herself of their services."
"Also, I want to reiterate what I said in my earlier statement, that no one should speak for me or for my father but ourselves," she said, adding that "in the longer term she hoped to return to her country."
The interview was Yulia's first media appearance since the Salisbury incident in March. Reuters reported that it was contacted by Yulia, who was speaking from a secret location in London, via the UK police.
In mid-May, the UK National Health Service England said that former Russian spy Sergei Skripal had been discharged from a hospital in the town of Salisbury.
Yulia Skripal, for her part, was released from the hospital on April 11 after recovering and regaining the ability to speak in late March.
The two were found in the UK town of Salisbury on March 4 after allegedly being exposed to a toxic agent.
London claimed that it was "highly likely" that Moscow was behind the incident, something that was followed by the UK expelling 23 Russian diplomats and London's failure to provide any proof of Moscow's involvement.
Russia has vehemently rejected the UK's allegations, slamming Britain's steps as a provocation to fuel a Russophobic wave in the international community.


Our processing unit has been equipped and upgraded machinery to increase our productivity rate.
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Our dedication and commitment towards client service has allowed us to build a reputation amongst our clients.
The Company looks to hire well qualified personnel for our expansion.
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Solanki Tea aims to be the pan-India tea brand of choice and a name to reckon with globally.
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With more than three decades of domain experience, and an expertise backed by quality standards & team strength, Solanki Tea aims to be the pan-India tea brand of choice and a name to reckon with globally. Through our tea offerings, we spread the message of looking at life positively and working energetically towards one's ambitions to achieve happiness.


Determination of credit scores is a difficult procedure that takes into account the past credit history to develop future predictions. This requires thorough analysis of information from credit bureaus for understanding the present position of the consumer. Not all data are crucial in this regard. Therefore, segregation of relevant data for predicting credit behavior in the future is required.
In general, most people continue with their spending habits whether it is good or bad for years at a stretch. Building up of scoring models based on such habits becomes easy. It is easy to forecast that a person with good credit is going to continue with the same in the coming times. Difficulties arise when one needs to find out consumers having bad credit records but can become low risk later. Similarly, pointing out people with stellar financial record presently, but headed towards financial problems is rather difficult task.
There is a specific method for building such predictions and is known as, "two-snapshot" process. Here through observation of credit reports of specific consumers during the commencement and the end of a 2-year period forecast regarding financial behavior is possible. Through their findings, analysts were able to point out that a person who has late payments presently has a high chance of filing for bankruptcy within the next two years.
Such crucial information becomes a factor during credit scoring and a part of such scoring formula. Most predictive factor finds a place on the scorecard and gets points in accordance with related predictive values. Credit score is nothing but the sum of all these points related to such factors. Credit scores are consumer associated financial risks.
Through analysis of varied credit scores, experts can predict consumer behavior to an accurate degree nowadays. Consumers posing low financial risks on a long-term basis include people who make timely payments, have low card balances, and substantial credit experience. They also occasionally go for the opening of new accounts and show good credit experience mix.
Through credit scores lenders are able to distinguish between good and risky borrowers. They may find people who are financially safe on a constant basis and those who are sure to demonstrate these traits in the future.


text:
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The Reconnecting Youth Campaign
Youth Justice Action Center | #JJDPAmatters
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About Sparkaction
• Rep. Larson Announces Plan to Re-Introduce Resolution in Support of Youth Council
Rep. Larson Announces Plan to Re-Introduce Resolution in Support of Youth Council
Joined by Connecticut Governor Malloy at Forum Addressing Youth Engagement in Government
Hartford, August 29, 2013: At a Forum on Youth Engagement attended by Connecticut Governor Dannel Malloy and Connecticut Secretary of State Denise Merrill, Congressman John B. Larson (D-CT) announced his plan to re-introduce H.J.Res 115 in support of a Presidential Youth Council.
The Presidential Youth Council will advise the President on the perspectives of young people, offer suggestions on how to make federally-funded youth policies more efficient and effective and create shared recommendations on issues that will affect the long term future of our country.
"Across the nation there are more than 100 million Americans under the age of 24. These young men and women deserve a voice as we make critical decisions that will affect the future of this country," said Congressman Larson. "The perspectives of our youth should be an essential part of shaping policy that directly impacts them. That's why a Presidential Youth Council is so important and why I am proud of the work of our own First Congressional District Youth Cabinet here in Connecticut. I urge Members to join me in support of this resolution to truly create a government of the people, by the people, and for the people."
"I stand by Congressmen Larson and Courtney in support of a Presidential Youth Council whose mission would be to advise the President and Congress on crafting and implementing policies to best deal with issues of importance young people" said Connecticut Governor Dannel P. Malloy.
Only 29 percent of American youth believe they have a say in what the government does, according to the Harvard Institute of Politics. With issues from the environment to the deficit directly impacting our youngest citizens, a Presidential Youth Council would give our nation's youth a voice in the national debate and provide useful insight to policymakers.
"Young people bring a unique perspective that can help make our government more efficient, effective, and innovative. Unfortunately, nearly three quarters of my generation do not believe that their voices are heard in Washington. A Presidential Youth Council is the first step to change this and I applaud Congressman Larson for his continued support," said Alex Wirth, 20, Chair of the Campaign for a Presidential Youth Council.
The model for a Presidential Youth Council is a proven and established approach for engaging young people in organizations. The National League of Cities estimates that there are over 400 local youth councils in cities all across the United States. The State Department is building youth councils in U.S. embassies across the globe. And a number of national organizations regularly bring young people together to garner their unique views and perspectives.
Supporters of a Presidential Youth Council can write their members of Congress asking them to co-sponsor the resolution using Popvox at http://bit.ly/1fj3YIJ.
About the Campaign for a Presidential Youth Council
The Campaign for a Presidential Youth Council is a bi-partisan, youth-led initiative endorsed by 6 U.S. Senators, 7 Members of Congress, 100 organizations and the White House Council for Community Solutions. Our mission is to establish a Presidential Youth Council, comprised of young Americans ages 16-24, to advise the President on the perspectives of young people, offer suggestions on the design and implementation of youth policies, and to create shared recommendations on issues that will affect the long-term future of our country. To learn more and show your support visit: http://www.presidentialyouthcouncil.org.
Mousa Alshanteer
Campaign for a Presidential Youth Council
Email: mousa.alshanteer@duke.edu
Alex Wirth
Email: alxwirth@gmail.com
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text:
/*
 * Author:  Donna Converse, MIT X Consortium
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/Xmu/StdCmap.h>

/* To remove any standard colormap property, use XmuDeleteStandardColormap().
 * XmuDeleteStandardColormap() will remove the specified property from the
 * specified screen, releasing any resources used by the colormap(s) of the
 * property if possible.
 */

void
XmuDeleteStandardColormap(Display *dpy, int screen, Atom property)
     /* dpy;		- specifies the X server to connect to
      * screen		- specifies the screen of the display
      * property	- specifies the standard colormap property
      */
{
    XStandardColormap	*stdcmaps, *s;
    int			count = 0;

    if (XGetRGBColormaps(dpy, RootWindow(dpy, screen), &stdcmaps, &count,
			 property))
    {
	for (s=stdcmaps; count > 0; count--, s++) {
	    if ((s->killid == ReleaseByFreeingColormap) &&
		(s->colormap != None) &&
		(s->colormap != DefaultColormap(dpy, screen)))
		XFreeColormap(dpy, s->colormap);
	    else if (s->killid != None)
		XKillClient(dpy, s->killid);
	}
	XDeleteProperty(dpy, RootWindow(dpy, screen), property);
	XFree((char *) stdcmaps);
	XSync(dpy, False);
    }
}


Vixen are known as sharp minded leaders in the animal kingdom, loyal lovers yet capable of full independence. Duke & Dexter's embroidered vixen motif is inspired by the smart sense of style. This ensemble features a taupe quilted inner, black matte sole and smart back collar with matching rear trim. Effortlessly dress them up or down.
At Fervor Bay, we convey our passion for our customers through unmatched service and high-end quality. As an American company with American values, we take the time to hand inspect every product we stock and ship out on the same day your order is placed. Good service is good business and our business is about you. Designer shoes by Duke & Dexter with hassle-free returns for 30 days upon receipt - reference our FAQ page for full information.
What's with the size overlap?
One of the many advantages of Duke & Dexter Loafers is that they mold to each foot over time for a comfortable, tailored experience. If your wardrobe shoes run between a US 10 and US 11, select 10-11. If your size falls between a US 9.5 and US 10.5, select 9-10.


text:
Q: Detecting Single OR Double Tap I'm trying to add 2 actions inside an IBAction, one for 1 tap and a different one for a double tap, and I came up with this code:
.h
UITouch * touch;

.m
- (IBAction) button {

    BOOL tappedTwice = NO;
    if ([touch tapCount] == 2) {
        tappedTwice = YES;

    // Action

    }

      else if ([touch tapCount] == 1 && !tappedTwice) {

   // Action

    } }

No errors, no warnings, but nothing happens when I tap the button... Any ideas???

A: You cannot capture events like that. The Action is tagged to touchUpInside event so you cannot capture single tap or double tap
Try this link
http://sree.cc/iphone/handling-touche-events-for-uibuttons-in-iphone


The time has come to sign up for the Winter 2018 Style Challenge by Alison Lumbatis at Get Your Pretty On! I have never participated in the Winter Challenge, but I have had so much fun with the Fall Challenge this year that I can highly recommend the experience, especially if you feel a little overwhelmed at shopping and putting together outfits. This is a fantastic way to tailor your own capsule wardrobe for the winter on your own time, budget, and at the size and styles that make the most sense for YOUR body.
Click here for the Winter Challenge!
a shopping list of on trend winter essentials with links to shop recommended items online or in store. Don't forget, you can find these items anywhere so don't limit yourself. Check your closet first, then shop thrift stores, ebay, poshmark etc. to build your capsule at the price you can afford.
27 days of mix and match casual chic outfit ideas with dress it up and dress it down options. You'll get the first 10 outfits right away, then the others will be available after the refund period.
Membership to the seasonal Facebook group with lots of exclusive content, giveaways, extra support plus a ton of peer advice and encouragement. The community is truly amazing!
the 2017 Winter Style Challenge as a BONUS. That doubles your ideas for outfits and gives you a ton of flexibility while your shopping.
Get the 2017 Winter Challenge completely FREE when you purchase this year's challenge!
If you are interested but just not totally sure, guess what? This is a risk-free membership and can be fully refunded through December 22. That gives you a chance to check out the lists and if you just don't like the content, feel free to request a refund…it's super simple!
Check out this video where I share my experience with the 2018 Fall Style Challenge.
I think you will really love the Style Challenge for Winter 2018! Let me know what you think!
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Welcome to Chasing Santee, a blog about the sweet and simple things in life. Santee is my childhood happy place and I want this blog to be my happy place on the internet. I will be sharing homeschool insights, family favorites, household hints, simple recipes and an abundance of bargains. If you like to laugh, shop, eat, read, write or teach you will love it here!
Chasing Santee by Leah Prescott is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.


text:
// -*- c++ -*-
// Generated by gmmproc 2.44.0 -- DO NOT MODIFY!
#ifndef _GTKMM_TREEDRAGSOURCE_P_H
#define _GTKMM_TREEDRAGSOURCE_P_H

#include <glibmm/private/interface_p.h>

#include <glibmm/private/interface_p.h>

namespace Gtk
{

class TreeDragSource_Class : public Glib::Interface_Class
{
public:
  typedef TreeDragSource CppObjectType;
  typedef GtkTreeDragSource BaseObjectType;
  typedef GtkTreeDragSourceIface BaseClassType;
  typedef Glib::Interface_Class CppClassParent;

  friend class TreeDragSource;

  const Glib::Interface_Class& init();

  static void iface_init_function(void* g_iface, void* iface_data);

  static Glib::ObjectBase* wrap_new(GObject*);

protected:

  //Callbacks (default signal handlers):
  //These will call the *_impl member methods, which will then call the existing default signal callbacks, if any.
  //You could prevent the original default signal handlers being called by overriding the *_impl method.

  //Callbacks (virtual functions):
    static gboolean drag_data_get_vfunc_callback(GtkTreeDragSource* self, GtkTreePath* path, GtkSelectionData* selection_data);
    static gboolean row_draggable_vfunc_callback(GtkTreeDragSource* self, GtkTreePath* path);
  static gboolean drag_data_delete_vfunc_callback(GtkTreeDragSource* self, GtkTreePath* path);
};

} // namespace Gtk

#endif /* _GTKMM_TREEDRAGSOURCE_P_H */


With the latest Aventador S, the LP700-4 (the first generation Aventador) is no longer considered a special spot. In fact, the LP700-4 (including the Roadster) has been spotted more than 8,000 times on this site. But when the people from Japanese car shop "Liberty Walk" apply the "Bosozoku" style body kit, it becomes a different story. This amazing looking Liberty Walk Aventador was spotted by spotter "Horse-Power" in Atlanta, Georgia (USA).
The styling of Liberty Walk is not liked by all car enthusiasts, and some find it simply outrageous that the original design of the car is "destroyed". With its wide fenders and visible nail finishing, it is most definitely a different and more drastic style of tuning. And once applied, it is difficult, if not impossible, to bring the car back in its original state. The big question is how the styling ages overtime, and how it will impact the value of the car. But for now let's enjoy this masterpiece and especially the great color finish of this Aventador.


Check the authenticity of your gold and silver coins with a unique sound verification method (ping test / ring test).
Dating back as far as the ancient times experienced traders could distinguish between pure gold and fake coin listening only their sound. They did not need to bite coins, measure or pour acid, it was enough to listen the characteristic "ring" of the coin.
Today, this knowledge has been used in the CoinTrust application, available for your smartphone.
Start the app, choose your coin from the list and gently spin the coin on any table and the test result will show up on the screen.


The automaker's Android app seizes a speeder's Spotify and offers up a cringeworthy replacement.
Toyota has long been a proponent of the very serious issue of road safety, but the automaker is injecting a bit of humour – and tech – into its approach across the pond.
The brand's new "Safe & Sound" Android app, created by Saatchi & Saatchi London, is aimed at what Toyota says are often "over-confident" young drivers.
Both the young driver and parent must download the app and pair their phones. The parent then sends virtual "car keys" over to their offspring before they hit the road, activating the app's functionality.
Once the car is on the move (over nine miles per hour), Google Maps' API tech automatically puts the phone into "Do not disturb" mode, disabling calls, messages and social media notifications.
But what could have been a simple safety app is kicked up a notch, deterring rule breaking on the road by giving control of the in-car playlist to the driver's parents (with both users' Spotify accounts linked). If the app detects speeding or the youngster's smartphone being picked up while the vehicle is in motion, their Spotify playlist is immediately stopped and replaced with their parents' favourite jams.
Toyota cites research that suggests one in five new drivers has a collision in their first year behind the wheel, with the two main contributors being speeding and smartphones.
For a visual explainer, check out the story of Callum, whose attempts to impress his girl are quickly shut down by some epic opera and old-school-but-not-in-a-good-way pop.