text:
July 2012 Focus
The Image of Antisemites in German and Austrian Caricatures
Antisemitic caricatures had already drawn broad attention from one attentive contemporary observer and passionate collector – Eduard Fuchs, who had published in 1921 a huge volume on Jews in cartoons.1 Already in 1901, he had published what remains to this day the most extensive history of caricatures of the European people.2 The term 'caricature' goes back to the cartoons, the "ritrattini carichi", literally "loaded portraits", of Annibale Carracci in 16th century Italy.3 But not before the mid-18th century were caricatures used as a medium for political messages. The new art of portrait-caricatures may be understand as the art of making politics visible.4 In current historical research into the cultural aspects of political antisemitism, this iconographic source has received much attention. For nineteenth century Germany Thomas Gräfe, Michaela Haibl or Julia Schäfer for example have studied the manifold features of anti-Semitic cartoons.5 Antisemitic caricatures or political cartoons have even been examined from a German-French comparative perspective.6 Furthermore, this topic, cartoons as historical sources, offers insight into the relationship between the new cultural history of antisemitism and the pictorial turn in historiography.7
Interestingly enough, no attention has so far been given to the image of Antisemites in the cartoons of the Nineteenth century. The purpose of this brief collection of caricatures of antisemites from 1879 to 1914 is therefore twofold. Because of the blank space of German and Austrian antisemitism in this issue, the first intention of this presentation is to exhibit at least some of the most important German and Austrian antisemites. Second, picking up one of Reinhard Rürup's remark in his commentary, this small collection intends to provide a brief presentation of the "opposing forces" which had taken "a stand against antisemitism". The images offer a look at the adversaries that arose to antisemitism within German and Austrian civil society.
These cartoons are primarily found in left wing or socialist newspapers, such as the German Der Wahre Jacob or the Austrian Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt. The documents presented here demonstrate that the socialist working class movement – together with the liberal activities and the Jewish response - constituted an effective resistance to antisemitism.8
Furthermore, as these cartoons make clear, from the very outset of the new antisemitic movement, its opponents had a precise understanding of its dominant features. Already at the beginning of the new antijewish agitation initiated by the conservative Prussian newspaper Kreuzzeitung in the summer 1875, the liberal satirical journal Berliner Wespen had published a sharp cartoon 'Die alte Leier. Das Lied von den schlimmen Juden' ( The same old tune. The song of the evil Jews) with apposite observations regarding the new quality of this anti-Jewish campaign.9
They also make clear, that contemporaries of the emerging antisemitic movement of the late Nineteenth century still retained a strong historical memory of the Hep-Hep-Riots of 1819, the first outbreak of anti-Jewish violence in nineteenth century Germany.10 In many of these early cartoons, the Hep-Hep-Riots are taken as significant symbols for the new violence against Jews.
Interestingly enough, contemporary observers also correctly perceived the ambivalence in Bismarck's attitude towards antisemitism, which has been well described by the historian of the emergence of Antisemitism in Imperial Germany, Paul W. Massing, noting that Bismarck must "be considered the first great manipulator of anti-Semitism in modern Germany".11
Regarding cartoonists themselves, we may determine the author at least for some of the caricatures from the Austrian journal Glühlichter. The caricatures n. 4, 8, 9, 11-14 and 19 are drawn by Friedrich Kaskeline, born in 1863 in Prague, who studied at the Academy of Arts in Vienna. Kaskaline had worked not only for the Glühlichter but also for the magazines like The Graphic or The Daily Graphic. Furthermore he produced illustrations for books and postcards, among others a greeting card for a Jewish New Year.12 The cartoon "Ein antisemitischer 'Parteitag'" [Fig. 16] is drawn by the artist Fritz Graetz (1875-1915), who had worked after his studies in Frankfurt on the main for example also for the German satirical journals Lustige Blätter and Der wahre Jacob.13 Together with Friedrich Kaskaline he belonged to those artist, who had a determining influence on the profil of the satirical journal. 14 The Schönerer cartoon of 1912 [Fig. 22] on the other hand was drawn by Moriz Jung (1885-1915). After his studies at the arts college in Vienna, Jung had drawn postcards, posters for example and he designed programme booklets for theatres.15
Like other political cartoons, the images presented here, offer not only a humorous side, they also carried unmistakable political-propagandistic meanings in their decisively negative portrayals of the Antisemites. To be sure, even in some of the socialist newspapers, Cartoons may occasionally be found that are not entirely free of antisemitic aspects. Under the "Variations of a well known utterance" in the Glühlichter of 1892 for example, where Lueger is asking if he looks like a 'Judenfresser', we see at the bottom of the page a Jewish figure standing in front of the stock exchange, drawn with the typical physiognomy of antisemitic cartoons, asking if he looks like a swindler. Furthermore, at the turn of the century, when Karl Lueger stood at the height of his political power and busily cooperating with the Jewish establishment of Vienna16 - the antisemitic journal Kickeriki pointedly reminded Lueger not to forget his antisemitic catechism. In those years, too, we see in the newspaper Glühlichter occasionally antisemitic or ambivalent cartoons directed (for example) against Lueger's cooperation with Jewish bankers.
Finally, after the First World War, in the German socialist journal Der wahre Jacob, we can find certain cartoons in which antisemitic features appear, in marked contrast to the overwhelmingly unambiguous anti-antisemitic cartoons of the Nineteenth century.17
However, even the last cartoon presented here from the German Kladderadatsch, which gives a clear picture of the internal conflicts of the antisemitic movement and which treats with irony their passionate quarrels is not free from ambivalent features, as we may see looking at the contentment of the Jew who stands in the foreground.
Nevertheless these cartoons provide us a strong awareness not only of the distinctive and decisive role played by the emergence of the new politics of antisemitism in Imperial Germany and Habsburg Austria, they also offer indisputable evidence that the Jews themselves were by no means alone in their opposition to the new threat.
Fig. 1 : "A Modern Reformer"
The Berlin Court preacher Adolph Stoecker (1835-1909) was one of the earliest activists of the antisemitic political movement. Although a theologian, he campaigned against the Jews primarily on social issues. Immediately after his first antisemitic speech and the foundation of his Christian Social Party, the weekly Kladderadatsch presented Stoecker in the pose of Martin Luther posting his 95 theses on the door of a Synagogue. Stoecker's theses however are composed of the only word 'Hepp-Hepp', the battle cry of the early antisemitic riots of 1819 in Germania.
Kladderadatsch. Humoristisch-satirisches Wochenblatt N. 53/54, November, 23rd 1879
A cartoon from the social-democratic journal Der Wahre Jacob from 1880 contrasted Stoecker's position as a court preacher with the conduct of his audience, presenting Stoecker as the "Patron Saint of the hooligans". His speeches stimulate students and ordinary people to acts of violence against Jews.
Der Wahre Jacob, 1880
Gidal-Bildarchiv, Salomon-Ludwig-Steinheim-Institut
Fig. 3 "Seed and fruit"
After the outbreak of antisemitic violence and the incendiary attack on the synagogue in the small town of Neustettin in Pommerania in 1881, a cartoon in a North German newspaper presented Stoecker's speeches as the seed, which results in violence against Jews.
Die Reform. Ein Volksblatt, Altona, August, 16th 1881
Carl-von-Ossietzky Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg
Fig. 4: "For the German Parliamentary Elections"
During the election campaign for the election of the German Parliament in 1893, in which the antisemitic parties enjoyed their greatest success, the Austrian socialist satirical journal Glühlichter published a vicious image of Stoecker, presenting him as one of the most important feeders of the Socialists, "Sozialistenfresser", filling his injection with poison.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, June 10th, 1893
One of the most spectacular and controversial antisemites in Imperial Germany was the Berlin teacher Hermann Ahlwardt, who had been elected into the German Reichstag in a by-election in 1892. Because of a case of fraud he had been dismissed from teaching, and so he became politically active. After taking a bad hit in the stock market, Ahlwardt caused a sensation with antisemitic brochures and public attacks against Jews, becoming a leading exponent of the so-called 'Radauantisemiten', Hooligan-Antisemites. The socialist satirical newspaper 'Der wahre Jacob' turned Ahlwardt into a source of ridicule.
Der Wahre Jacob N. 170, 1893
Figg. 6, 6.1 (detail): "Germania is preparing for the world exposition in Chicago"
Even contemporary observers noted the ambivalence in Bismarck's attitude toward the Jews and the antisemites, and the socialist newspaper Der Wahre Jacob went so far as to depict Bismarck and Ahlwardt as Siamese twins, acting with Hep-Hep cudgels.
Fig. 7 "From the time"
In a further cartoon from the newspaper Der Wahre Jacob, Bismarck, Ahlwardt and the Antisemites are presented amongst the Figures, representing the conservative Party, the church, the army and the Manchester capitalists as forces that would destroy the social order, whereas the conservative media are accusing the Social democracy of wanting to destroy society.
Fig. 8 "The new Shock-headed Peter"
The success of the extreme hooligan Antisemite Ahlwardt in the by-election in 1892 had put the other wings of the antisemitic movement in Germany, the christian-social wing of Stoecker and conservative wing around Max Liebermann von Sonnenberg in a awkward position, attentively remarked upon by the Austrian satirical journal.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, April, 15th 1893
Fig. 9 After the success of Ahlwardt in the general election for the German Reichstag in June 1893 an Austrian cartoon again picked up the internal frictions among German Antisemites, showing how Ahlwardt outclassed even Stoecker.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, Juni, 22nd 1893
Fig. 10 "In Preparation for the Elections"
In Austria, the former liberal politician Karl Lueger had become the most influential Antisemite within the Habsburg Empire. In the transition period of his conversion to clerical antisemitic positions, the Viennese satirical newspaper Der Floh, The Flea, picked up the opportunistic attitude of Lueger. His attention is called to a delegation for election waiting for him, and he answered: "Are these Germans, Czechs, Jews or Antisemites? I have lost the thread. I really don't know if I have to be democratic, Czech, German, Jewish or Antisemitic."
Der Floh. Politisch, humoristische Wochenschrift, May 10th 1885
Fig. 11 - 11.1 (detail)
"Medicine and hygiene in antisemitic terms"
After Lueger's turn to anti-Semitism and preparing the foundation of a Christian-social Party the socialist journal Glühlichter scoffed at the medicine of Lueger, who administered the patient a tincture called "Christian-social antisemitic rubbish".
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, October 15th 1892
Fig. 12 "Do I look like a rabid antisemite?"
Occasionally, Lueger publicly professed that he was not an antisemite. Under the title "Variations of a well known utterance" the satirical newspaper Glühlichter treated with irony Lueger's statements.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, December 20th, 1892.
Fig. 13 "Hunting Season"
After the foundation of the Christian-social Party, the Glühlichter, again, critizied the antisemitic policy of Lueger. On the occasion of the beginning of the hunting season 1893 the satirical journal put together various hunting scenes, among them the 'antisemitic deer hunt' of Carl Lueger.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, September, 30th 1893
Fig. 14 "The Black-Social Reformer"
After the formulation of the Christian-social program of social reforms, the Viennese satirical socialist newspaper had taken the mickey out of these 'Black-Social reformers', presenting them by preparing their "clerical, christian-social, anti-Semitic Peoples-stultification-pulp". They mixed a tincture of humility and modesty with poison against Social-democracy and boiled this mixture down with the bodies of some Jews.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, August. 31st 1894
Fig. 15 "Awkward"
After his election victories by the Christian-social Party and the Emperor's further refusal to appoint Lueger as mayor of Vienna, the satirical newspaper Der Floh treated Lueger's reputation with irony:
"The proprietor Lueger: You may believe me, Sir, the chicken is really fresh; it is just the waiter that does not smell good."
Der Floh. Politisch, humoristische Wochenschrift, April 4th, 1897.
Fig. 16 "An Antisemitic 'Party Conference'"
In the period of his great political success within the Christian-Social Party, just before his nomination as mayor of Vienna, the socialist newspaper scoffed at the democratic image, Lueger had tried to give from his policy.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, September 17th 1896
Fig. 17 "Our candidates for the forthcoming Nobel-Prize"
After having been appointed mayor of Vienna and after his public success, the satirical journal Der Floh made fun of Lueger's political strategy. In the caricature, Lueger, as chemist, mixed different substances, including antisemitism, clericalism, and patriotism, to distil a new liquid called Viennese hospitality.
"We put in an application for a prize for the mayor of Vienna, Karl Lueger: the prize for the best performance in chemistry."
Der Floh. Politisch, humoristische Wochenschrift, December 29th, 1901
Fig. 18 "I'm no rabid antisemite"
Because of Lueger's sporadic explanation not to be an antisemite, the open antisemitic satirical newspaper Kikeriki remembered Lueger not to forget his antisemitic convictions and presented him the antisemitic catechism.
Kikeriki, April, 13th, 1905
Fig. 19 - 19.1 (detail)"The European Augean stables"
The Austrian journal Glühlichter even picked up the transnational aspects in the alleged fight of German and Austrian Antisemites against Capitalism, getting Lueger together with the anti-capitalistic German Antisemit Hermann Ahlwardt. The personification of the Glühlichter however cautioned them, that they surly won't be able to clean up this stable of capitalism. Only the Herculean task of the proletariat with the shovel of socialism will succeed.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, January 3rd, 1893
Next to Lueger, the pan-German politician Georg Ritter von Schönerer was the most prominent Antisemite in Austria. The journal Der Floh presented him together with two other antisemites as witches, boiling an antisemitic brew. In the added poem they shouted: "All the Jews must bleed".
Der Floh. Politisch, humoristische Wochenschrift N. 17, April, 23rd 1882
Fig. 21 "An uncanny candidate"
Often, cartoons scoffed at the lifestyle and drinking habits of the antisemitic pan-German Politian and Bismarck-admirer Schönerer. During an election campaign it was said that Schönerer had drunk all of the available free beer, provoking quite a lot displeasure among his followers.
Glühlichter. Humoristisch-satirisches Arbeiterblatt, Wien, May, 8th 1907
Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Bildarchiv, Wien
When the Social-democratic Party gained a huge success in the general elections in Germany in January 1912, the antisemitic pan-German Politician Schönerer is explaining to his comrades to chuck in the pan-German idea: "It is all in vain", he said. "The German people have become red and international". Schönerer added that he would rather prefer to turn to an African tribe than to the Socialists. The cartoon picks up again on his drinking habits.
Neue Glühlichter, n. 4, February 1912. Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Wien.
Fig. 23 "Uncomfortable"
At the peak of the Berlin debate on antisemitism, the satirical magazine Kladderadatsch took an ironical view of the quarrels among antisemites and those between antisemites and anti-antisemites.
Kladderadatsch N. 55, November, 28th 1880
I would like to thank Richard E. Frankel and Steven Englund for their comments and linguistic corrections
[1] Eduard Fuchs, Die Juden in der Karikatur. Ein Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte, (München: Langen 1921).
[2] Eduard Fuchs, Die Karikatur der europäischen Völker. vom Altertum bis zur Neuzeit, 3 Vol., (Berlin: Hofmann 1901-1904); for Fuchs as a collector see: Walter Benjamin, "Eduard Fuchs, der Sammler und Historiker", Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, 4 (1937), 346-381.
[3] Gerd Unverfehrt, "Karikatur – Zur Geschichte eines Begriffs", Bild als Waffe. Mittel und Motive der Karikatur in fünf Jahrhunderten, ed. Gerhard Langemeyer, (München: Prestel 1985), 345-354; Werner Hofmann, "Die Karikatur – eine Gegenkunst", ibid., 355-383.
[4] Ernst H. Gombrich, "Das Arsenal der Karikaturisten", ibid,. 384-401.
[5] Michaela Haibl, Zerrbild als Stereotyp. Visuelle Darstellungen von Juden zwischen 1850 und 1900, (Berlin: Metropol 2000); Thomas Gräfe, Antisemitismus in Gesellschaft und Karikatur des Kaiserreichs. Glöß` Politische Bilderbogen 1892-1901, (Norderstedt: Books on Demand. 2005); Julia Schäfer, "Verzeichnet. Über 'Judenbilder' in der Karikatur als historische Quelle", Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung 10 (2001), 138-155.
[6] Regina Schleicher, Antisemitismus in der Karikatur. Zur Bildpublizistik in der französischen Dritten Republik und im deutschen Kaiserreich (1871-1914), (Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang 2009).
[7] William J. T. Mitchell, "The Pictorial Turn", artforum, march 1992, 89-94; Heike Talkenberger, "Von der Illustration zur Interpretation. Das Bild als historische Quelle. Methodische Überlegungen zur Historischen Bildkunde", Zeitschrift für historische Forschung 21 (1994), 289-313; Gerhard Paul, Visual History. Ein Studienbuch, (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2006).
[8] The decided opposition of the socialist movement against Antisemitism must be underlined against current publications which are reproaching the Social Democrat Party of being likewise responsible for the antisemitic penetrating of the German society. For example: Lars Fischer, The Socialist Response to Antisemitism in Imperial Germany, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2007). These studies methologically tapping into trap of the so called "hindsight bias"; see: Vito Roberto, Kristoffel Grechenig, "Rückschaufehler ('Hindsight Bias') bei Sorgfaltspflichverletzungen", Zeitschrift für Schweizerisches Recht 130.1 (2011), 5-27. Regarding Firscher's presentation see the review of Stefanie Schüler-Springorum in: Historische Zeitschrift 291.1 (2010), 228-230.
[9] Berliner Wespen n. 29, July 16th, 1875; facsimile in: Ursula E. Koch, Der Teufel in Berlin. Von der Märzrevolution bis zu Bismarcks Entlassung. Illustrierte politische Witzblätter einer Metropole 1848–1890, (Köln: Informationspresse Leske, 1991), 541.
[10] Jacob Katz, Die Hep-Hep-Verfolgungen des Jahres 1819, (Berlin: Metropol 1994); Stefan Rohrbacher, Gewalt im Biedermeier. Antijüdische Ausschreitungen in Vormärz und Revolution (1815-1848/49), (Frankfurt/M. New York: Campus Verlag, 1993).
[11] Paul W. Massing, Rehearsal for Destruction. A Study of Political Anti-Semitism in Imperial Germany, (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1949) 43.
[12] Josef Seiter, 'Blutigrot und silbrig hell ...': Bild, Symbolik und Agitation der frühen sozialdemokratischen Arbeiterbewegung in Österreich, (Wien-Weimar-Köln: Böhlau 1991), 40, 41, 189.
[13] Ursula E. Koch, Der Teufel in Berlin, 266, 323.
[14] Josef Seiter, 'Blutigrot und silbrig hell ...', 72, 177.
[15] Wien um 1900. Kunst und Kultur, ed. Maria Marchetti, (Wien: Brandstätter, 1985), 519.
[16] John W. Boyer, Karl Lueger (1844-1910). Christlichsoziale Politik als Beruf. Eine Biografie, (Wien-Köln-Weimar: Böhlau, 2010).
[17] To less attentions has been drawn to this difference in Julia Schäfer, Vermessen, gezeichnet, verlacht. Judenbilder in populären Zeitschriften, 1918-1933, (Frankfurt/M. New York: Campus, 2005).
Ulrich Wyrwa born in 1954 in Leipzig. Professor of History at the University of Potsdam and head of research groups on Antisemitism in Europe (1879-1914/1914-1923) at the Centre for Research on Antisemitism at the Technical University Berlin. He studied history and philosophy in Heidelberg, Rome and Hamburg and completed his Ph.D. on alcohol consumption and working class culture in 19th century Hamburg. At the University of Potsdam he finished his habilitation theses on the Emancipation of the Jews in Tuscany and in Prussia in comparative perspective. Fields of research are the history of consumption, European Jewish history and the history of Antisemitism in Europe in particular in Germany and Italy, and the history of Jewish historiography. Recent Publications: Antisemitismus in Zentraleuropa. Deutschland, Österreich und die Schweiz vom 19. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart, (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2011), (together with Werner Bergmann); Editor: Einspruch und Abwehr. Die Reaktion des europäischen Judentums auf die Entstehung des Antisemitismus (1879–1914) (Frankfurt/M.-New York: Campus, 2010); "Die Internationalen Antijüdischen Kongresse von 1882 und 1883 in Dresden und Chemnitz. Zum Antisemitismus als europäischer Bewegung", in Themenportal Europäische Geschichte (2009), URL: http://www.europa.clio-online.de/2009/Article=362; "Narratives of Jewish Historiography in Europe", in The Contested Nation: Ethnicity, Class, Religion and Gender in National Histories, eds. Stefan Berger, Chris Lorenz, (Hampshire – New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).
Ulrich Wyrwa,
The Making of Antisemitism as a Political Movement. Political History as Cultural History (1879-1914),
ed. Werner Bergman and Ulrich Wyrwa,
URL: https://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/the-image-of-antisemites-in-german-and-austrian-caricatures/
The Making of Antisemitism as a Political Movement. Political History as Cultural History (1879-1914) by Werner Bergman and Ulrich Wyrwa
Political Antisemitism and its Christian Antecedent. Trying to Make Sense of Nonsense by Victor Karady
Designing Citizenship. The "Jewish Question" in the Debates of the Romanian Parliament (1866-1869) by Silvia Marton
Romanian Parliamentary Debate on the Decisions of the Congress of Berlin in the Years around 1878-1879 by Iulia Maria Onac
The Antisemitic Press in Bulgaria at the End of the 19th Century by Veselina Kulenska
"A quarter of a century of struggle" of the Rola Weekly. "The great alliance" against the Jews by Maciej Moszynski
British Discourses on "the Jew" and "the Nation" 1899-1919 by Susanne Terwey
Middle-class Gothenburg, Jewish Participation, and the Limits of Liberal Tolerance 1870-1900 by Christoph Leiska
Russians, Jews, and Poles: Russification and Antisemitism 1881-1914 by Theodor R. Weeks
"Because words are not deeds"
Antisemitic Practice and Nationality Policies in Upper Hungary around 1900
by Miloslav Szabo
Antisemitism, "Economic Emancipation" and the Lithuanian Co-operative Movement before World War I by Klaus Richter
How Antisemitic was the Political Catholicism in Croatia-Slavonia around 1900? by Marija Vulesica
"Learning from Vienna Means Learning to Win": the Cracovian Christian Socials and the "Antisemitic Turn" of 1896 by Tim Buchen
Antisemitic Agitation and the Emergence of Political Catholicism in Mantua around 1900 by Ulrich Wyrwa
Jewish Self-Defense and Black Hundreds in Zhitomir. A Case Study on the Pogroms of 1905 in Tsarist Russia by Stefan Wiese
Antisemitic Rumours and Violence in Corfu at the End of 19th Century by Maria Margaroni
Anti-Jewish Prejudices, Antisemitic Ideologies, Open Violence: Antisemitism in European Comparison from the 1870s to the First World War. A Commentary by Reinhard Rurup
The Image of Antisemites in German and Austrian Caricatures by Ulrich Wyrwa
Stamps, Stickers and Stigmata. A Social Practice of Antisemitism Presented in a Slide-show by Isabel Enzenbach
M. Flores, Simon Levis Sullam and M.-A. Matard-Bonucci
Storia della Shoah in Italia
Vicende, memorie, rappresentazioni
Discussion by Franklin H. Adler
Discussion by Guri Schwarz
Limes. Rivista italiana di geopolitica	"Israele più solo, più forte" by Arturo Marzano
András Kovács The Stranger at Hand
Antisemitic Prejudices in Post-Communist Hungary
by Adam Kerpel-Fronius
Vladas Sirutavičius, Darius Staliūnas (eds.)	A Pragmatic Alliance
Jewish-Lithuanian Political Cooperation at the Beginning of the 20th Century
by Klaus Richter
Luigi Reale	Mussolini's Concentration Camps for Civilians
An insight into the nature of fascist racism
by Matteo Stefanori
Filippo Petrucci	Gli ebrei in Algeria e in Tunisia, 1940-1943 by Daniela Melfa
Jeffrey Veidlinger	Jewish Public Culture in Late Imperial Russia by Elissa Bemporad


Celebrating their first year of brewing, we've been working alongside Rob Lightner and Chris Coomber of East Brother Beer Co. in Richmond, CA to extend the brand we developed back in 2015 into a new taproom experience concept called Rec Room.
Rec Room is an exciting way to bring together a number of elements into a single package for their fans, combining the recreational games they're becoming known for, with weekly events, some casual competition, and community building with other local businesses.
Playing off the nostalgia that many of us have for classic bowling and dart leagues, East Brother's Rec Room is going to kick off with an anniversary party and league signups during San Francisco Beer Week. After that, each Wednesday night, league members can compete in a variety of skill games to earn league points, climbing the ladder throughout the season to make it to playoffs and then finally competing in the annual Rec Room party.
To make this thing legit, we designed a series of illustrations, league-exclusive march, membership cards, and a bunch of rewards for the winners throughout the year.
We're often asked how taprooms and breweries can garner more consistent interest in their retail spaces. So many breweries end up scrambling to constantly come up with new ideas, design and implement them, and promote them to audiences that barely have time to understand what the concept is before the date has passed. It's exhausting and expensive – and the ROI is hard to measure.
We took a different approach that perfectly fit with East Brother's way of doing things.
How to you create sustained or growing interest in an idea and build equity in the brand over time? By establishing a single concept with built-in variability, the East Brother team can focus on making the experience more interesting, and word can keep spreading. It gives them a chance to learn from their customers what elements are the most fun and engaging, and adjust. It enables them to stay connected to their customer rather than constantly pitching something new. And of course, it ensures that the beer is flowing and the taproom is consistently energetic on a Wednesday night, bringing predictability, and measurable ROI to their creative efforts.
For a brewery like East Brother, who likes to focus on consistent, precise beer-making within a classic portfolio, this tone and approach makes a lot of sense. And we're thrilled to be working alongside them to bring their vision to life. See you in Richmond on Sunday!
Find out how to sign up for the East Brother Rec Room league here.


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Re-Roll: This Week's Tabletop Game News for the Week Ending June 5, 2020
June 5, 2020 June 5, 2020 Gfnadmin
Here is the board game (and board game-related!) news that caught our attention for the week ending June 5, 2020.
Please be sure to take a moment to read GeekDad Senior Editor Jonathan Liu's post on Black Lives Matter. An important thing that we in the boardgame community can do is to amplify and support black people in our industry. Wingspan designer Elizabeth Hargrave has started a list on her Twitter feed. If you know of others, please add them.
GeekMom writer Elizabeth MacAndrew did a great piece this week on mixing-and-matching the components from the various Disney: Villanous games.
Reader Julien pointed out an error in last week's Re-Roll. I said that an app version of Imperial Settlers was now available, but it's Imperial Settlers Roll and Write. I also correctly attributed the new Super Cats to Antoine Bauza, but failed to mention the others involved in the project: Corentin Lebrat, Ludovic Maublanc, Nicolas Oury, and Théo Rivière. Thank you, Julien, for bringing both of those points to my attention.
SolidRoots, the makers of the game Mind the Gap, has partnered with Kid@Heart , Re-marks, and Barnes & Noble to support the 2020 St. Jude's Virtual Gala during St. Jude's Week of Hope NYC. According to the press release, "SolidRoots will host an enhanced version of Mind the Gap LIVE for St. Jude's during its Virtual Gala." More details on the event can be found on the St. Jude's website.
Gen Con Online badges are now available. The free event will feature "four days of streaming shows, remote gaming, community on Discord, your favorite exhibitors, and lots more".
Cryptozoic has decided that their first virtual convention went so well, they are going to do another one. Cryptozoic Con '20 II will be streamed online on June 11-12.
The surprise now isn't which events have been canceled, but which haven't. Added to the former: all Magic: The Gathering in-person events for the rest of 2020.
Renegade Studios is releasing Space Battle Lunchtime Card Game, based on the popular graphic novel of the same name.
Tim Fowers' Fugitive, the two-player spin-off of his popular Burgle Bros., is now available to play for free online.
Imperial Struggle, the long-awaited "spiritual successor" to Twilight Struggle, is finally getting a release.
Under Falling Skies, a solo card game set in a world reminiscent of Space Invaders that dominated the BGG 9 Card Game Print and Play Design Contest, has been released by Czech Games Edition as a free print-and-play. They will also be releasing a retail edition later this year that further expands on the game.
Rio Grande Games has announced three upcoming titles. Nevada City, the latest in a surprisingly growing number of games referencing places near where I live, is a 2-4 player worker placement game. Trans-Siberian Railroad is the latest in the company's long-running series of railroad games, and Blue Skies is an economic game set just after the deregulation of the airline industry.
The world of Fluxx is expanding down to Bikini Bottoms with Looney Labs' release of SpongeBob Fluxx.
Portal Games has two new titles announced for this year: Troglodytes, an expansion for Neuroshima Hex 3.0, and Golems, an expansion for Monolith Arena. Details for both can be found on the Portal website.
Fantasy Flight has released solo play rules for X-Wing Miniatures. It's definitely a game that one wouldn't think would lend itself to solo play, so I'm excited to download the rules and give it a try.
GeekDad and GeekMom Reviews
Michael Knight reviewed 7 Fortunes.
Simon Yule reviewed Fantastic Lairs.
What We're Playing
Finally, here's what the GeekDads played this week:
Michael Knight played 7 Fortunes: Greek Mythology Edition, Heroes of Normandie: The Tactical Card Game, and Disney Codenames.
Simon Yule played D&D Dragon Heist, Ticket to Ride, and Thomas and Friends Surprise Slides.
Michael Pistiolas played Magic the Gathering, Marvel Champions, Ingenious, You Gotta Be Kitten Me! Saboteur, Can't Stop, Rallyman GT, 6Nimmt!, Connect Four, Color Pop, and For Sale.
Jonathan Liu played Bullet , The Captain Is Dead: Dangerous Planet, and Shadow Kingdoms of Valeria.
Robin Brooks played Warhammer Underworlds: Beastgrave and Pathfinder ACG.
Greg Howley played Survive: Escape From Atlantis, Mancala, and Smash Up.
I played Eurorails, Empire Builder, Samauri Swords, Canyon, Sierra West, Serenissima (our featured image this week), Forgotten Waters, Survivor, Citadels, Pirateer, Pandemic Legacy: Season 1, Western Legends, Family Business, Scotland Yard, and Stool Pigeon.
Click through to read all of "Re-Roll: This Week's Tabletop Game News for the Week Ending June 5, 2020" at GeekDad.If you value content from GeekDad, please support us via Patreon or use this link to shop at Amazon. Thanks!
Pride Month 2020: 'Only Mostly Devastated' by Sophie Gonzales
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The Battle for Airline Safety Video Supremacy Has a New Contender: LEGO x Turkish Airlines
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Geek Daily Deals Feb. 20, 2019: 4M Water Rocket Kit for Fun with STEM Learning, Just $16 Today!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Tension is growing between the Muslim community and the FBI after an informant, Craig Monteilh, infiltrated a mosque, only a month after a local FBI leader visited the mosque and said the agency would do no such thing. Now, Monteilh is suing the FBI and revealing details of his operation.
"They said Farouk had told them he had access to weapons and that they should blow up a mall,'' Ayloush recalled. "They were convinced this man was a terrorist."
Ayloush reported the FBI's own informant to the FBI. He said agents interviewed Niazi, who gave them the same account, but the agency took no action against Monteilh.
Still, Monteilh's mission was collapsing. Members of the mosque told its leaders that they were afraid of Monteilh and that he was "trying to entrap them into a mission," according to Asim Khan, the former mosque president. The mosque went to Orange County Superior Court in June 2007 and obtained a restraining order against Monteilh, court records show.
Soon afterward, Monteilh said FBI agents "told me they wanted to cut me loose." After he vowed to go public, he said, he met with three agents at the Anaheim Hilton, where an FBI supervisor threatened him with arrest.
"She said, 'If you reveal your informant status to the media, it will destroy the Muslim community's relationship with the FBI forever." Monteilh said.
The FBI declined to comment on Monteilh's allegation.
At a subsequent meeting, Monteilh said, he signed a non-disclosure agreement in exchange for $25,000 in cash. An FBI letter to Monteilh's attorney, on file in U.S. District Court in Santa Ana, says Monteilh signed the non-disclosure agreement in October 2007.
In the meantime, the case against Niazi unfolded. He was indicted in February 2009 by a federal grand jury on charges of lying about his ties to terrorists on immigration documents. In court, prosecutors said that jihadist materials were found on Niazi's computer and that he had wired money to an alleged al-Qaeda financier. Prosecutors said he is the brother-in-law of Osama bin Laden's security coordinator. Much of the evidence was FBI testimony about Niazi's recorded conversations with an FBI informant, who sources say was Monteilh.
"Frankly, there is no amount of bail or equity in a home that can protect the citizens of this community" from Niazi, Assistant U.S. Attorney Deirdre Eliot said in arguing for his detention.
Within days of Niazi's indictment, Monteilh revealed his informant status in a series of interviews with Los Angeles area media.
"I think the FBI treated me with the utmost treachery," he said in the interview with The Post.
In subsequent months, Monteilh sought out Niazi's attorneys and told them he was ordered to entrap their client.
A year and a half later, on Sept. 30, prosecutors summarily moved to dismiss the case against Niazi, and a judge agreed. The U.S. attorney's office in Los Angeles cited the lack of an overseas witness and "evidentiary issues." Sources familiar with the decision said Monteilh's role - and his potential testimony for the defense - was also a factor.
Niazi declined to comment. His attorney Chase Scolnick said he is "very pleased with the outcome. It is a just result."
In recent weeks, Monteilh said, he has been approaching Muslims at a local gym and apologizing for "disrespecting their community and religion." Monteilh, who is now unemployed, says he regrets his role in the Niazi case and was glad when the charges were dropped.
"If an FBI agent comes in and says, 'You're under arrest,'â??" he told the crowd, they should pray to Allah - and then call a lawyer.
As worshipers milled around outside, they said they support the FBI's role in fighting terrorism but feel betrayed by the infiltration of their sacred place.
"The FBI wants to treat the Muslim community as a partner while investigating us behind our backs,'' said Kurdi, the Loyola student. "They can't have it both ways."


The latest Oman Map comes in a handy, user-friendly format and covers the country with pinpoint accuracy. Produced in-house by our leading team of cartographers, find you way from the northern tip of Musandam to the myriad of souks in Muscat. Drawing on years of expertise and experience, we chart the unspoiled landscape of Oman and include all its major highways, coastal roads, landmarks, area names, top attractions and new developments. With its clear legends and compact design, finding your way around this charming country has never been easier.


text:
Q: Mysterious property of the curvature of a curve in $\mathbb{R}^2$ I know that in $\mathbb{R}^2$ we can define the curvature of a parametrized curve $\textbf{x}(t)=\bigl( x(t), y(t)\bigr)$ as
$$ \kappa(t) = \dfrac{\text{det}(\textbf{x}',\textbf{x}'')}{||\textbf{x}'||^3}.$$
If I use a change of parameter $\overline{t}=\phi(t)$ we can reparametrize the curvature
$$ \boxed{\overline{\kappa}(\overline{t}) =\kappa(t)}\tag{1}.$$
Equation (1) is the definition of a scalar. The curvature is a scalar magnitude.

My question is: Why is the meaning of the next equation, very similar
  to equation (1)? In particular, what functions verify the next
  equations? $$ \overline{\kappa}(t)=\kappa(t) .\tag{2}$$
  Perhaps it's related to a geodesic. My teacher says that the solution is in a General Relativity book but it can be answered without any physic concept.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Clinicians of all kinds, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, medical trainees, and others are experiencing alarming rates of burnout. This poses a significant threat to the sustainability of our health system and the safety of our patients. Solutions to systematically combat burnout are needed and they are needed now.
Burnout is a syndrome characterized by a high degree of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (i.e. cynicism) and a low sense of personal accomplishment at work. Burnout is nearly twice as prevalent among physicians as compared to US workers in other fields and US nurses report similarly high levels of burnout and emotional exhaustion. Medical trainees also experience a high prevalence of burnout and depression as compared to rates of age-similar individuals pursuing other careers.
Clinician burnout can have serious, wide-ranging consequences, from reduced job performance to—in the most extreme cases—medical error and clinician suicide. The ramifications of clinician burnout also extend to patients in measureable ways. One study involving US surgeons found burnout to be an independent predictor of reporting a recent major medical error and average burnout levels among hospital nurses are independent predictors of health care-associated infection.
Combating clinician burnout requires sustained attention and action at the organizational, state, and national levels. Leadership is instrumental in improving the environments within which clinicians practice. Leaders in medicine around the country have a responsibility to build a culture that supports clinician well-being by developing and implementing programs that address the drivers of burnout and providing resources to promote resilience and self-care.
The Conceptual Model working group of the National Academy of Medicine's Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience set out to create a model that could be used by individuals and organizations to understand the causes and effects of burnout, identify strategies to prevent and treat burnout and promote well-being, and improve health care delivery and patient outcomes. The model below depicts the domains and factors associated with burnout and well-being, and applies them across all health care professions and career stages, including that of the student, and clearly identifies the link between clinician well-being and outcomes for clinicians, patients, and the health system.
This website is a product of the Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience and is intended to provide an easy-to-navigate repository of helpful resources for those seeking information and guidance on how to combat clinician burnout in their organizations and in their personal lives. Please note that the resource center found within this site is a work in progress. Resources will be added on an ongoing basis.
The National Academy of Medicine's Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience is a network of more than 50 organizations committed to reversing trends in clinician burnout. Goals for the Action Collaborative include: (1) Improve baseline understanding of challenges to clinician well-being; (2) Raise the visibility of clinician stress and burnout; and (3) Elevate evidence-based, multidisciplinary solutions that will improve patient care by caring for the caregiver.
The Clinician Well-Being Knowledge Hub recently won an Award of Excellence from the 24th Annual Communicator Awards.
The Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience will host approximately two meetings a year. Portions of these meetings are available to the public.
To provide an opportunity to share plans of action to reverse clinician burnout, the National Academy of Medicine is collecting organizational commitment statements that describe goals for combating clinician burnout. By sharing their commitment to improving clinician well-being and reducing clinician burnout, these organizations are an active contributor to the National Academy of Medicine's Action Collaborative on Clinician Well-Being and Resilience.
The National Academy of Medicine welcomes additional statements describing organizational goals or commitments to improving clinician well-being and decreasing clinician burnout.
If your organization has already undertaken or is committed to action to reverse clinician burnout and improve clinician well-being, we invite you to join our national movement as a Network Organization by submitting a formal organizational commitment statement. By becoming a Network Organization, you are joining a growing network of over 100 organizations that are committed to reversing trends in clinician burnout—a goal that is possible only through the collective action of many stakeholders. Network organizations agree to make a visible commitment to improving the well-being of clinicians. They are active contributors to the work of the Action Collaborative but are not formal sponsors.
If you are suicidal and need emergency help, call 911 immediately or 1-800-273-8255.


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Home English News Bollywood star Salman Khan acquitted in hit-and-run case
Featured English News
Bollywood star Salman Khan acquitted in hit-and-run case
New Delhi (dpa) – Bollywood star Salman Khan was acquitted Thursday in a 2002 hit-and-run case, overturning his earlier conviction, as a court ruled the evidence was not conclusive.
Khan, 49, was sentenced to five years' jail by a lower court in May on a conviction of culpable homicide for driving over and killing a man sleeping on a city pavement.
He appealed to the Bombay High Court, which ordered his sentence be suspended, and Thursday reversed the conviction.
"On basis of evidences produced by the prosecution, the appellant cannot be convicted, no matter how differently the common man thinks," said Judge AR Joshi, who heard the appeal, according to broadcaster NDTV.
The court said the prosecution had failed to establish that the actor was driving and was drunk at the time of the accident.
It questioned the credibility of Khan's bodyguard, Ravindra Patil, a key prosecution witness, who had said the actor was driving drunk, and who died in 2007.
Khan's Toyota Land Cruiser rammed into a bakery in Mumbai in September 2002, killing one homeless person and injuring four others who were sleeping outside.
One of the Indian film industry's most popular stars, Khan, was present in the courtroom when Thursday's judgement was delivered.
Khan has repeatedly denied that he was driving the vehicle. His lawyers argue that the family's driver Ashok Singh was behind the wheel.
Singh was cross-examined in the lower court but his testimony was disregarded by that judge, a move which Thursday's ruling said was an error.
The prosecution can appeal against the latest verdict in the Supreme Court.
Previous articleதனுஷ் நடிப்பில் 'தங்கமகன்' பட முன்னோட்டம் வெளியானது!
Next articleதமிழக வெள்ளம்: இன்று காலை வரையிலான இறுதி நிலவரங்கள்!
Bollywood stars Deepika, Ranveer Singh get hitched
"#Me Too" campaign hits India's media, movie sectors
Indian actor Om Puri dies aged 66
"மலேசிய செம்பனை எண்ணெய்க்கு எதிராக கட்டுபாட்டுகள் விதிக்கப்படவில்லை!"- இந்திய மத்திய வணிக அமைச்சர்
அலங்காநல்லூர் ஜல்லிக்கட்டு: 16 காளைகளை அடக்கி இரஞ்சித் காரை தட்டிச் சென்றார்!


text:
Chancellor may take revenge on anti-tax Ryanair
David Hencke, Westminster correspondent
Tue 8 May 2007 21.12 EDT
A Gordon Brown government looks likely to take early revenge on Ryanair by legislating to force the budget airline to launch an online complaints service.
Ministers have indicated they will be backing a campaign by Sharon Hodgson, Labour MP for Gateshead East and Washington West, to amend the consumers, estate agents and redress bill to force online retailers to set up an email address to handle complaints.
Michael O'Leary, Ryanair's chief, has been a fierce critic of Mr Brown's recent doubling of air passenger duty.
Ryanair is almost alone among airlines in refusing to provide an online complaints service. It is also the only airline to insist disabled people contact them on a premium line if they need help booking a seat. Ms Hodgson said her amendment would "drag consumer rights into the internet age and prevent companies adopting an online attitude of 'here when we want you, gone when we don't'."
"When people just bought goods in a shop and something went wrong, they could simply pop back to the shop, see the manager and be compensated if the shop was at fault. Now, they often have to navigate through a thicket of premium-rate numbers and overseas call centres."
Ryanair said: "It is part of our terms and conditions which are accepted by every passenger making a booking that all complaints will be sent to us in writing. In the case of 99% of complaints we achieve a seven-day reply turnaround. Ryanair's number is charged at national rate and we ask passengers who require special assistance to contact us by phone prior to departure so that we can tailor any free-of-charge assistance to suit their needs."


CloudSync "File Filter". It looks like there is a blacklist, but is there a whitelist?
I see that you can specify files that can be excluded (supports regular expressions), but I am interesting in syncing only specific files (*.zip and maybe *.log). Would prefer not to have to exclude every file type where I would like to just instead include specific file types.
Thanks for your request. I think it's good idea and I'll put this in our list.
You should follow release status here.


Vancouver Island's largest selection of janitorial products and equipment since 1962!
ACME Supplies started as a family business. Brothers Richard and Robin Impett purchased ACME in 1980 and operated the business with a focus on that core value. The Impett's truly believed that you could not have customer loyalty without first building strong employee loyalty. This philosophy helped them to build a 40 member strong organization and expand from their original 2000 square feet of warehouse space and 1 delivery truck to some 40,000 square feet and a fleet of 20 delivery and service vehicles.
ACME Supplies was acquired by Bunzl in December of 2014 and became a member of a larger family of distributors in the Bunzl Group.
With a focus on being Island located and Island operated ACME Supplies continues to be run as a family business. We are pleased to offer a wide selection of both International and Canadian-made, traditional and environmentally preferable products. We provide timely, free delivery to all regions of Vancouver Island. Our clients include many federal and provincial government departments & crown corporations, healthcare, educational & recreational facilities, building service contractors, property managers, hotels, motels & restaurants and a wide variety of small businesses.


This collection of 5,000 designs from Thomas Wilson's drawing notebooks harvests the creative output of four decades of ironwork design. Wilson--ironwork designer, master blacksmith, artist, sculptor, illustrator, author, and restorer--is at the forefront of design in metal. The designs here demonstrate the core role that drafting and drawing play in artistic work. Rendered on everything from notebook pages to paper napkins, they range from traditional to wildly creative. This volume incorporates the best of all that Wilson's eyes and mind have absorbed, and offers inspirational creative reference for anyone interested in design. Some of the drawings are spontaneous, simple idea sketches; others are fully evolved renderings of works of art. From chairs to hinges, chandeliers to fences, benches to belt buckles, the images will inspire design professionals, architects, interior designers, art students, blacksmiths, ironwork enthusiasts, jewelers, and artists of all kinds.
When exploring the links between America and post-colonialism, scholars tend to think either in terms of contemporary multiculturalism, or of imperialism since 1898. This book challenges the idea of early America's immunity from issues of imperialism.


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Spitz and Spitz-Type Dog Breeds
https://www.shibainuadvice.com/
spitz-and-spitz-type-dog-breeds
The Spitz is believed to be one of the most ancient dog breeds, and this theory is backed up by some archeological evidence. There are many different breeds of Spitz and Spitz-type dogs. Originally, this breed was meant to be a working dog, and you can find them and related breeds all over the world that were bred to help people hunt for food, herd domestic animals, and even pull heavy sleds over snow.
What does a Spitz look like? They are usually spotted by a very lush and long coat of fur that is usually white, small and pointed ears, and a pointy muzzle. Typical Spitz tails either curl or hang down to the ground. Original Spitz-types were rather large, but there are some breeds that have been produced that are smaller and either met for lighter duties or as companion dogs.
The History Of Spitz Dogs In The World
It is exciting to trace back the history of these dogs because remains have been found that date back to about 3,000 BC – or about 5,000 years ago. These remains were found in Central Europe, and it is believed that is where the breed originated. Even today, many types of Spitz breeds are in the region, but since that time, they have also migrated into Europe and even to North America.
It is believed that Spitz dogs bred with wolves commonly in the early years. Genetic testing has demonstrated that the Spitz and related breeds are still more closely related to their wolf ancestors than many other breeds. It is true that some related breeds, like the small Pomeranian, don't look a lot like wolves, but looks can be pretty deceptive when it comes to canine ancestors.
In any case, scientists suggest that the Spitz breeds are one of the oldest actual dog breeds in the world. This is probably easy to understand because many features of these useful canines makes them vary useful to people. It is easy to imagine that ancient people bred these dogs for certain characteristics that they needed at the time to help them with pulling heavy loads, hunt game, or even protect them from predators and other people.
The Migration Of Spitz Breeds To Asia
Apparently the Spitz lived in Europe for a long time, but about 2,000 years ago, they also migrated into Asia, mostly Mongolia and Siberia. These Siberian dogs may have been the ancestors of today's Alaskan dogs, but they were surely taken from Siberia into Alaska by humans as there was no way to cross by land. There are also other contemporary Asian breeds like the Akita and Chow Chow that are now pretty popular all over the world.
Why Were Spitz Breeds Produced And Treasured?
There are three important working functions of these dogs. These were helping with managing herds of domestic animals, hunting game, and pulling loads on sleds in the snow and ice. There is no doubt that these dogs were very useful to people from prehistoric times to the present times.
Spitz Breeds: Big Game Hunters
Spitz Big Game Breeds:
Swedish Elkhound
Karelian Bear Dog
Spitz Small Game Breeds
Not all Spitz dogs are huge, and these are some examples of smaller dogs in related breeds that were used more for hunting smaller mammals and birds:
Finnish Spitz
Norwegian Buhund
Lundehund
The Asian Spitz Breed Migrations
From five to two thousand years ago, in mostly prehistoric times, this breed traveled through parts of Europe and Asia. It is likely that these handy dogs traveled with humans who bred and kept them. Today, you can find examples of many dog breeds that originated from this original source, and they vary quite a bit in size and appearance.
Climates Of Spitz And Spitz-Type Dogs
What habitats where these dogs bred for? It is pretty obvious from their modern appearance and the places where bones have been found that these dogs were first bred to thrive in a pretty cold and tough climate. This is also obvious by some common features of most of these dogs.
For example, the coat of these dogs is lush, and they also have an undercoat that provides some protection from water and also insulation. They have fairly modest-sized ears that are less likely to suffer from frostbite. Their feet are also pretty furry, and this helps pad their feet against cold and sharp ice. These adaptations help them thrive in cold climates that would punishing to other breeds of dogs without these features.
Do Spitz Breeds Make Good Pets?
The Spitz breeds are incredibly useful, and they are also known to be very loyal dogs. With that said, they still retain a fairly independent spirit and mistrust of both strange people and dogs that may have come from their close relationship to wolves.
While these are fantastic working dogs, they may not be the first choice for people who want a friendly pet around lots of other dogs, kids, and strangers. Also, since they have a lot of energy, some Spitz breeds are not OK for living in an apartment or other spaces without a good yard and place to run.
There are smaller Spitz dogs, and one example is the popular Pomeranian. These are small dogs that may be fine to keep in a smaller area, but they still need exercise, walks, and plenty of good training.
The Spitz Breeds
Overall, most Spitz breeds are very handy working dogs. If you are a rancher, farmer, or hunter, you are likely to find that your Spitz or related dog is your best friend. However, if you live close to a lot of other people, you should know that these dogs may need a lot of training and socialization to live safely. They are the perfect dog breed for some, but they are not a good choice for everybody.
Written by inuadvisor
Contact: Bunny@shibainuadvice.com


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Q: Apply a one day offset to x axis in Grafana (Prometheus data source) I've created a metric to count unique ids in a data set over the day yesterday and am scraping it into prometheus. So say yesterday's count was 100, this value will be reported throughout today until tomorrow, when today's tally will be computed an then reported throughout tomorrow.
So far so good. Now when I display the value 100 in Grafana, it will show it with today's date, when the actual value is actually yesterday's.
Is there a way to simply offset the x axis in Grafana by -1d to make the dates and values align again, i.e. to change the scrape date to the 'value' date, if you will?
I know there's a 'time shift' in Grafana, but that will just offset the scrape date. I'm also aware of prometheus' 'offset' operator, which will do the same.
What I'm looking for is simply to tell Grafana that it should display 'now' as 'now-1d'.
I've found a setting on the dashboard level that is labeled "Now delay now-". However, this also doesn't shift the x axis and does nothing to change the display.
Grafana version 4.1.1, Prometheus version 1.5.3


A complete copy of these rules can be obtained at the offices of radio station KNEK/KRRQ/KSMB/KXKC ("Station"), owned and operated by Cumulus Media Holdings Inc. or one of its subsidiary companies, 202 GALBERT RD LAFAYETTE, LA 70506, during normal business hours Monday through Friday or by sending a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the above address.
Eligibility. This Contest is open only to legal U.S. residents, age eighteen (18) years or older at the time of entry with a valid Social Security number and who reside in the Station's Designated Market Area ("DMA") as defined by Nielsen Audio, who have not won a prize from the Station in the last 24 HOURS or a prize valued at $500 or more in the 90 DAYS, and whose immediate family members or household members have not won a prize from the Station in the last 90 DAYS or a prize valued at $500 or more in the 180 DAYS. Void where prohibited by law. Employees of Cumulus Media Holdings Inc., its parent company, affiliates, related entities and subsidiaries, promotional sponsors, prize providers, advertising agencies, other radio stations serving the Station's DMA, and the immediate family members and household members of all such employees are not eligible to participate. The term "immediate family members" includes spouses, parents and step-parents, siblings and step-siblings, and children and stepchildren. The term "household members" refers to people who share the same residence at least three (3) months out of the year. The Contest is subject to all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations. Participation constitutes entrant's full and unconditional agreement to these Official Rules and Station's decisions, which are final and binding in all matters related to the Contest. Winning a prize is contingent upon fulfilling all requirements set forth herein.
Contest Period. The Contest will begin at 12:01am ET on JANUARY 1, 2018 and will run through 11:59pm ET on DECEMBER 31, 2018 (the "Contest Period"). The Station's computer is the official time keeping device for this Contest. Winners have 10 days from win date to pick up prize from the station.
(i) On-Air: Listen to the Station weekdays and Saturday or Sunday from 6am – 7pm during the Contest Period. When the Station plays the "cue-to-call" sounder, listeners should call the Station at 337-920-5762. Caller #10 to the Station, as determined by the Station in its sole discretion, will be entered to win. Time Delay Between Over-the-Air Analog Signal and Internet Broadcast: Due to the time delay that exists between the Station's analog over-the-air signal and the Station's online webcast, listeners who listen to the Station online may hear the cue to call later than listeners listening to the Station's analog over-the-air signal. As a result, the odds of an online listener entering this Contest on-air may be diminished.
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Winner Selection. Station will select one (1) entry for the Grand Prize in a random drawing from among all valid entries received by Station during the Contest Period. The winning entrant will be contacted using the email address and/or telephone number provided with the entry and may be awarded the prize (subject to verification of eligibility and compliance with the terms of these rules). Station's decisions as to the administration and operation of the Contest and the selection of the potential winner are final and binding in all matters related to the Contest. Failure to respond to the initial verification contact within 24 hours of notification will result in disqualification.
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text:
UL.org
UL Safety Index takes a deep dive into safety data
Reducing unintended injuries in Thailand the focus
To Underwriters Laboratories' Director of Data Science, David Wroth, data isn't just about measurements and numbers. Data is about safety. And at the UL Safety Index™ Summit held in Bangkok, Thailand, on Nov. 8, 2018, he demonstrated his point with information about how data can lead to insight and action.
Wroth highlighted how the Index, which takes into account more than 22,000 data points gathered from reliable organizations — including the World Bank, United Nations and World Health Organization — can be used to reduce unintentional injuries within Thailand.
"The UL Safety Index is an algorithm-based data science project that aims to provide people with the information they need to improve their safety," he said. "It quantifies the relative safety of living and working environments for people around the world. We took on the project because UL believes that by increasing the awareness of safety, we can enter into meaningful discussions with key stakeholders and develop solutions to improve safety around the world."
Many factors contribute to score
Scores on the Index range from 0 to 100, with 100 being the highest safety rating. Thailand's 2018 score was a 69. To put this into perspective, Norway scored a 92, the highest, and Somalia scored a 19. These scores are the result of a number of factors including interactions between people and hazards (such as electricity and machinery), socioeconomic circumstances, labor protections, codes and standards, and road safety practices and regulations.
Three specific drivers – Institutions and Resources, Safety Frameworks, and Safety Outcomes – are combined into the UL Safety Index. Direct measurements for injury, disability and death due to preventable causes are also included as the ultimate measure of safety is freedom from harm.
"One thing that most people note is that, in every region, there is a wide variation of the Index," Wroth said. "This indicates there are opportunities for collaboration with neighboring countries to share best practices and learn effective solutions."
Transportation and water hazards
Using these results, Wroth spoke about injuries and deaths stemming from transport accidents and drowning in Thailand and what can be drawn from this information. The Index reveals the key takeaways for transportation injuries include: the majority of victims are between 15 and 49 years old; disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths per 100,000 people have been stable over time; 46 percent of injuries involve a motorcyclist; and stricter enforcement of traffic laws may improve safety outcomes.
Likewise the key takeaways from the information regarding drowning in Thailand are: the majority of victims are 5 years old or younger but great progress has been made toward reducing the number of Thai children who drown each year.
Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) working group
Also at the summit, the OSH working group, led by UL Data Science Research Manager Andrew Kapp, developed perspectives on issues impacting OSH in Thailand and identified ways to bring about positive change. Representatives of the Thai Institute of OSH, the Thai Ministry of Labour, the Thai Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, and multiple academic institutions were included in the working group.
The group quickly recognized two challenges: the lack of technical knowledge of OSH inspectors within the Thai Department of Industrial Works that results in reduced inspection quality, and the reluctance of Thai businesses to accept third-party inspections. These items show that for many Thai businesses, safety simply isn't a priority.
Proposed solutions include on-the-job training, a mentoring program for inspectors and long-distance education. Each of these solutions presents challenges including conflicts with internal schedules and the investment of resources. Despite this, the OSH working group agreed to advance the conversation beyond the Summit. The next meeting date for the OSH working group isn't set, but there are plans to identify and engage senior levels of the Department of Industrial Works to participate and provide insight.
Visit ULSafetyIndex.org for more
For more information or to see results from the UL Safety index for yourself, visit ULSafetyIndex.org. Available resources include case studies, peer-reviewed research, and toolkits for implementing regulatory measures to improve safety.
"The site allows users to explore the values of the index for countries around the world, compare countries and the indicators that make up the index, and access resources that assist with understanding what others are doing to address safety challenges," Wroth said.
With the UL Safety Index's science-based model and algorithm, UL aims to stimulate dialog and facilitate sharing safety programs. This summit was a step toward partnering with the Thai government, safety advocates and others to drive safety improvements within Thailand.
DrowningRoad Safety Framework
UL Safety Index
© 2019 Underwriters Laboratories Inc. All rights reserved. UL and the UL logo are trademarks of UL LLC.
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Raw Values
Raw values are included for the UL Safety Index indicators to assist researchers in understanding the overall magnitude or context for the indicator. These data are reproduced from the underlying data sets from the original sources, such as the World Bank, IHME and others. The raw values and their units vary based on the indicator:
Education Index (0 to 1) – no units United Nations Development Programme
GDP per Capita USD/person World Bank
Government Effectiveness Index (-2.5 to +2.5 – no units World Economic Forum
Technology Index (1 to 7) – no units World Economic Forum
Codes & Standards Score (0 to 8) – no units Underwriters Laboratories
Consumer Protections Index (0 to 1) – no units Consumers International
OSH Framework Index (0 to 100) – no units Underwriters Laboratories
Road Safety Framework Score (0 to 17.6) – no units Underwriters Laboratories
Drowning Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Exposure to Forces of Nature, Disaster Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Exposure to Mechanical Forces Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Falls Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Fires, Heat and Hot Substances Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Foreign Body Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Other Unintentional Injuries Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Poisoning Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Transport Injuries Disability Adjusted Life Years/100,000 persons Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
For more detail, refer to The Methodology of the UL Safety Index, 2017.
The UL Safety Index is a data science initiative intended to increase the global awareness of health, security, sustainability and safety through information, dialog and collaboration. Through engagement with partners throughout the world, our vision is to advance safe living and working environments for people everywhere by providing better data and metrics to guide decision making and investments.
The data of UL Safety Index are made available under the Open Database Contents License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/dbcl/1.0/
Based on your feedback, we are pleased to introduce several UL Safety Index site updates designed to improve your overall site experience. First, we've refined the Library by adding resource-specific search filters and a featured content section that highlights the latest arrivals to the collection. You can now also access the Library from anywhere on the site. We believe these simple but important enhancements will enable you to more easily search and leverage the Library assets that are of most interest to you.
Second, we improved the country data comparison capability by providing a synchronized scroll feature. This allows you to simultaneously scroll through multiple countries' data while maintaining a visual side-by-side comparison. Whether reviewing two or five countries, you can more easily and efficiently compare data sets. Finally, we've added a News section so you can learn the latest from the UL Safety Index, including upcoming events, thought leadership insights, related research and case studies. Coming in November, UL Safety Index data will be updated using the latest available sources. These new data will result in updated scores and rankings for each country. We will announce the availability of the new scores and rankings when the data update is complete.
In the meantime, the UL Safety Index team is listening and welcomes your feedback. Please let us know how we can continuously improve the Safety Index to better serve your needs!
The UL Safety Index™ was unveiled in September 2016 at the 12th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion. Since then, academic leaders and practitioners in safety have provided input to the UL Safety Index, resulting in improvements to the algorithm, a new indicator, and updated data. The 2017 release of the UL Safety Index includes updated data for many of the indicators, together resulting in a more refined view of relative safety around the world, and, of course, new rankings. Additionally, a new resource library of injury prevention strategies, policies, and research can assist stakeholders around the world to improve safety.
Another update for 2017 is the inclusion of a new Safety Frameworks Indicator – Road Safety Framework. Based on the Global Status Report on Road Safety 2015 from the World Health Organization (WHO), the Indicator measures the adoption of key regulations and best practices to reduce the burden of injuries from traffic crashes. The Indicator has 44 sub-measures in the areas of Institutional Framework, Safer Vehicle Standards, Safer Roads and Mobility, Safer Road Users, and Post-Crash Care. Developed countries generally have higher adoption of these practices, with Norway, France, Australia, the Czech Republic, and Luxembourg having the top scores for this indicator. Smaller, developing nations, including many island nations are at the lower end of the Indicator. The countries with the lowest value of this Indicator are Micronesia, Afghanistan, Liberia, Guinea-Bissau, and Somalia. A detailed description of the Indicator and the scoring rubric are contained in The Methodology of the UL Safety Index™. Inclusion of the Road Safety Framework in Safety Frameworks reduced the mean value of the Safety Frameworks Driver by 2.86 and the mean value of the UL Safety Index by 0.74. The impact on rankings was an average movement of 4.88 positions with the smallest movement being 0 (several countries) and the largest being Andorra, with a positive movement of 70 positions from 163rd to 93rd due to a strong Road Safety Framework, while other Indicators in Safety Frameworks are relatively weak.
In 2017, The Netherlands remains at the top of the list of relative safety in the UL Safety Index. Australia moves up two positions to number three, right behind Norway, whose ranking is at number two as it was in 2016. Sweden remains at number four, and Canada moves from seventh to number five. At the bottom of the scale, Sub-Saharan Africa continues to have significant challenges, holding all five of the positions with the lowest level of relative safety, as measured by the UL Safety Index. Somalia replaced South Sudan at the bottom of the list, although South Sudan rose only one position. The remaining countries in the bottom five are Guinea-Bissau, The Central African Republic and Djibouti.
Table 1 - Countries with the Highest UL Safety Index 2017
2017 Rank
1 The Netherlands The Netherlands
2 Norway Norway
3 Australia Denmark
4 Sweden Sweden
5 Canada Australia
Table 2- Countries with the Lowest UL Safety Index 2017
1 Djibouti North Korea
2 Central African Republic Burundi
3 Guinea-Bissau Djibouti
4 South Sudan Somalia
5 Somalia South Sudan
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Download Methodology Paper
Download UL Safety Index data set (.csv)
The Road Safety Framework
The Revised Consumer Protection Indicator Methods Report
OSH Indicator Methods Report
The UL Safety Index Framework
The UL Safety Index is based on the following model of safety:
Incidents of injury, disability and death (lack of safety) are a function of the interaction of people and hazards, amplified or mitigated by socioeconomic forces, protective frameworks, safety interventions and behavior.
Our conceptual model is translated into a quantitative model through the normalization and aggregation of 17 data sets reflecting national-level social, economic and safety data. These indicators are combined into three drivers, each measuring a specific aspect of safety. This section provides an overview of how the UL Safety Index is calculated. For a more thorough review, download the Methodology of the UL Safety Index.
What Does The UL Safety Index Represent?
The UL Safety Index quantifies the influence of social forces, protective frameworks and specific outcomes related to unintentional injury. These drivers were selected through research that safety, and health outcomes are influenced by the physical and social environment, as well as individuals and their behavior. The three drivers provide a diverse sampling of data across the physical, social and behavioral domains.
The indicators are measures of economic output, education, technology, governance, codes and standards, consumer protections, OSH Framework, road safety frameworks and health outcomes. Health outcomes are used as a proxy for human behavior, as at a national level, behavior is too complex to measure. The indicators in the Institutions & Resources and Safety Frameworks drivers have been shown correlated with improve safety outcomes at a statistically significant level.
What is not measured in the UL Safety Index?
Intentional injury (crime, terrorism, war and suicide) are not included in the UL Safety Index. There are several indices and data sets available on these topics through other organizations. Other aspects of security, health, sustainability and wellbeing are being evaluated for inclusion in the Index. Future updates may include these aspects of a comprehensive measurement of safety.
Calculating the UL Safety Index
Normalizing the input indicators: The source data for the sixteen indicators that are used in the Safety Index algorithm have differing scales and values. In order to normalize the data for use in the algorithm, the base data were converted into indices between 0 and 100. The indices were calculated using the formula below:
Thus, the index for the best performing country on a specific indicator will be 100, and the worst-performing country will be 0.
Combining indicators to form drivers: The Institutions & Resources Driver is assessed through the arithmetic mean of the indicators of Wealth, Technology, Government Effectiveness and Education.
The Safety Framework of each country is quantified by the use of the arithmetic mean of the indicators for Codes and Standards, Consumer Protections and OSH Framework.
Finally, Safety Outcomes are assessed through the arithmetic mean of the normalized indicators reflecting the Disability Adjusted Life Years per 100,000 of population for causes associated with unintentional injury.
When an indicator for a particular driver is not available for one or more countries, this indicator is not included in the numerator and the denominator is reduced appropriately. For example, if the indicator for Consumer Protections is not available for a country, the resulting Safety Frameworks driver for that country would be calculated as:
Use of this technique ensures that no country is penalized or rewarded for missing indicator data.
The UL Safety Index uses data from multilateral organizations, government agencies, and academic collaborations. Primary sources of data are The World Bank, UN Development Programme, World Economic Forum, Consumers International, the World Health Organization and Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
The UL Safety Index Institutions & Resources GDP per capita World Bank
Education UN Development Programme
Government Effectiveness World Bank
Technology World Economic Forum
Safety Frameworks Codes and Standards UL
Consumer Protections Consumers International
OSH Framework UL
Road Safety Framework World Health Organization
Safety Outcomes Transport Injuries Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Fires, heat and hot substances
Exposure to mechanical forces
Injuries due to foreign bodies
Exposure to forces of nature
Other unintentional injury
With the exception of the Consumer Protections indicator, which is based on a Consumers International survey of its members, all sources of data are publicly available and include official statistics measured and formally reported by governments to international organizations. These data may or may not be independently verified but are included only if formally reported to international organizations. The UL Safety Index does not include ad hoc data submitted by governments directly to the UL team.
Safety Index by Country
Safety Index by Theme
Fires, Heat & Hot Substances
Poisonings
Other Unintentional Injuries
Transport Injuries
Exposure To Forces Of Nature, Disaster
OSH Framework
Road Safety Framework


During a recent strength competition, former Iceland basketball player and strongman competitor Hafthor Julius Bjornsson got to show off his insane strength by casually deadlifting 994 pounds. The giant 6′ 9″, 420-pound human being played the part of Gregor Clegane (a.k.a. "The Mountain") on Game of Thrones.


text:
https://www.barrons.com/articles/how-to-get-a-six-percent-yield-and-profit-from-rising-rates-51662742009
How to Get a 6% Yield and Profit From Rising Rates
Lawrence C. Strauss
Sept. 9, 2022 1:08 pm ET
Amid a historic selloff in bonds, the leveraged-loan sector is acting like a sanctuary. With the bond market overall down 11% this year, including interest payments, leveraged loans are acquitting themselves well, with a loss of 1.3%, including interest.
The sector could still be a winner compared to traditional fixed income, given its average 7.5% yield and link to rising interest rates. But it will have to overcome some mounting headwinds.
Amid a historic selloff in bonds, the leveraged-loan sector is acting like a sanctuary.


Abu Dhabi 8th October 2011: Pearls of Mangalore, a talent troupe of Abu Dhabi successfully conducted the audition of PEARL VOICE -junior at the Arab Udupi Party Hall. It was a weekend for many, while a busy day for little contestants. The Children were busy toning their voice for the audition to put their best Konkani voice forward. Well, they really did.
"Featuring and providing a platform for the new and the talented has been our purpose, while relentlessly nurturing to give new dimension to a God given talent is our fulfilling passion. We believe that the young and little have a great role to play in ensuring a bright future of our families and our community as a whole. True to this POM slogan, Pearls of Mangalore team organized the Pearl Voice Junior professionally.
The audition started off with the welcoming the participants and their parents by Anil Pinto. He mentioned, the audition was in preparation for the Mega event of the children. He also introduced the judges Mrs. Sylvia D'Silva , Mr. Jeevan D'Souza and Mr. Prakash Martis, well known figures in the field of singing & music who need no introduction. The judges were individually escorted by little children to their judging seat on presentation of bouquets.
Team Leader Alphonse in his opening address said that, "Today's contest is not about who wins or loses but of participation; all children were already winners, moment they enrolled for the contest." He thanked parents for encouraging the children and putting a lot of efforts in training them and enrolling them for the contest. Definitely they will be good singers in the days to come. He also stressed upon the importance of speaking in Konkani in our homes. If our mother tongue should survive we should always speak and teach our children to talk and sing in Konkani. He wished good luck for the participating children in the contest. This was well appreciated by all, while one parent when asked to speak praised POM for this motivating thought which has been encouraging, personally for his child.
The participants who took part in this category were: Monisha Josvita Rasquinha, McLean Fernandes, Joyston D'Souza, Priyanka Mendonsa, Sheldon Fernandes, Vidisha Alva, Claton D'Souza and Jenica Pinto. All the contestants sang beautifully and it was learnt that judges had tough time to evaluate. A few had missed very closely. All the participants were awarded with participation certificates by Mrs. Silvia D'Silva, one of the judges. She appreciated the way the children sang and praised them for their Konkani pronunciation. She also appreciated and applauded the efforts of Pearls of Mangalore team for organizing such a competition which helps children to preserve the language. Though this year participation was less, next year she expected at least hundred children to participate in this type of contest.
During the break of the first session, the parents (Ida Fernandes, Melwin Fernandes, Alwyn Mendonsa & Ronston) entertained the audience with lovely Konkani hits.
The second session involved contest for the senior category aged between 11 to 13 years. The children who participated in this contest were: Alvina Mendonsa, Suzanne Vaz, Nicole Pinto, Ryan Vaz & Marsha Menezes.
Once again all the children participated sang beautifully and they were all awarded with participation certificates distributed by Mr. Jeevan D'Souza. Mr. Prakash Martis spoke on the occasion and also appreciated the kids participation and their mastery over Konkani language though most of the time they speak only in English. He too lauded the efforts of POM in organizing such a talent show and encouraging children to sing and develop their talents.
The judges were presented with the mementos by members, Sybil Pereira and Roshni Lobo as a token of appreciation for giving their time to the audition in spite of their busy schedule and other commitments.
The selected four singers from each category would go to the final contest on December 2nd to win the coveted Pearl Voice Junior award. The day earmarked to unveil POM maiden CD titled: Amchem Sopann (Vol. 1). The contestants selected for the next level in the Sub-Junior category (8 – 10years) were Monisha J. Rasquinha, McLean Fernandes, Sheldon Fernandes and Jenica Pinto.
From the second category (11 to 13 years) the contestants going the next level were: Alvina Mendonsa, Nicole Pinto, Ryan Vaz & Marsha Menezes.
Ronald Lobo another prominent member/singer of the team delivered the vote of thanks. He thanked all the participants and their parents, the judges, media persons for their time and effort attending this prestigious contest and also praised the parents for their dedication and encouragement. He thanked Mr. Shekar Shetty (MD Arab Udupi Group of Restaurants) for providing the party hall for this contest.
The audio systems were well equipped and were of good condition through-out under charge of Donald Pinto, a strong personality behind the Pearl Voice-junior project.
Last but not the least, all participants created lasting impression by their talent. The judges were very impressed. Mrs. Sylvia D'Silva (one of judges) offered free eight sessions of Vocal training to all the participants.
Highlights : Professionally conducted audition & sportive spirit of parents & children.
: Day to look for the Mega Event of the children- 2nd Dec.2011.
: The best exuberant personality of the judges ever.
Highest ever number of participants take part in the annual BurJuman Safe and Sound Pink Walkathon to raise breast cancer awareness and funds Dubai: The streets of Dubai were bathed in pink on October 28 as the eighth annual BurJuman Safe and Sound Pink Walkathon once again brought together thousands of supporters who set off on the 3.6 kilometer walk from BurJuman.
Mogaveers UAE concluded MOGAVEERA CUP-2011 Tournament a Mogaveera's Premier League- III version match at Zabeel Park. It started sharp at 8.00 am, on 14th & 21st October,2011 at Zabeel Park Gate no-6 with 10 teams participation and a large crowd of more than 300. The afternoon cession was fun filled family get- together, group skit, games for children, ladies and gents.


Whether it's Winter Session classes, a summer internship or too far to go home, UB make it easy to stay on campus during break periods.
For the latest updates on opening and closing dates for residence halls and apartments, go to our important dates page.
Please note that because very few students stay on campus during break, many services (including transportation, meal and mail services) are very limited during break.
You can stay in your room (as long as you are approved for break housing) at no additional charge.
Living at UB for the summer lets you avoid the hassles of off-campus sub-leases and long-term commitments.
If you're an international student or have other circumstances that require you to arrive before the start of the semester, you may qualify for early arrival housing. Learn more about early arrivals.
Your Guide to Campus Living is designed to answer your questions, help with your transition to living at UB and get you excited about the new year.
Get involved and make a difference with Alternative Breaks, which let you volunteer during your fall, winter or spring break.


2 Sexton Cats Siamese Cats Wall Plaques Metal Vintage Mid Century RARE Diecut. Items are used and in good vintage condition.
Please feel free to contact me with any questions. As always, all sales are final.
The item "2 Vintage Sexton Cats Siamese Cats Wall Hang Retro Plaques Metal RARE Diecut" is in sale since Wednesday, April 18, 2018. This item is in the category "Collectibles\Vintage, Retro, Mid-Century\Unknown".ston" and is located in Charlotte, North Carolina. This item can be shipped worldwide.


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"Greatest thing since sliced bread", is what my Dad said about this pool cleaner. My husband and I have had an Aquabot Turbo for about 5 years now and absolutely love it, don't really know how we ever lived without it. My parents live in Florida and have an In-Ground pool, which my Dad complained constantly about having to clean. But he wouldn't hire anyone to clean it, and wouldn't spend the money for the Aquabot which we kept telling him he really needed. So, my brothers and I all chipped in and we got them the T4RC for Christmas.


for $139,900 with 3 bedrooms and 1 full bath. This 2,460 square foot home was built in 1972 on a lot size of 1 Acre(s).
Here is your chance to own a brick ranch with 3 bedrooms, completely updated bathroom, hardwood flooring, fireplace in the living room, full basement and carport attached. All this sitting on 1 acre of level land with 2 large outbuildings. This is a must see if you want easy maintenance.Located near school and New River and New River Trail. Call today to view.


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text:
Q: Regex - Replacing multiple spaces with tab I'm using the code sample below, and what I want to do is replace all multiple spaces with 1 \t.
So
"I am    having fun             working  on       Regex"

returns
"I am\thaving fun\tworking\ton\tRegex"

Current code:
RegexOptions options = RegexOptions.None;
Regex regex = new Regex(@"[ ]{2,}", options);
tempo = regex.Replace(tempo, @" ");

Thanks!

A: Just do this:
resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, " {2,}", @"\t");

you forgot your \t in your try.

A: In your sample you're replacing multiple spaces with a single one in line:
tempo = regex.Replace(tempo, @" ");

What you want, is to replace with the tab character, which is written \t:
tempo = regex.Replace(tempo, "\t");

Notice that I removed the @ character from the string in the call to Replace, otherwise @"\t" is interpreted as "the string backslash t" instead of the tab character.


Orders $99.00 and over qualify for Fast Free Shipping. ONLY within the contiguous US.
Motorstore ships ONLY within the US from our warehouse in Miami, FL and orders normally ship within 24 hours.
For Fine Art category the order ships 7 days after the order is placed.
For Poster category the order ships 3 days after the order is placed.
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Most orders will be shipped UPS.
Some Oversized anf heavy products such as SEATS are excluded from expedited shipping or there might be an additional charge if necessary. We will notify you as soon as possible with this information.
For orders under $500, it is our standard policy to have packages left at your door and not to require a signature. For orders over $500, we will sometimes require a signature on these shipments.
If your order arrives damaged, please send us a photo of the damage by email to info@motorstore.com within 48 hours of receiving the shipment. If you do not report the damage to us within this 48-hour period, we may not be able to honor your claim. Please note that there may be additional circumstances under which we will not be able to honor your return.