text:
Stephen Adly Guirgis – The Motherfucker with the Hat
Stephen Adly Guirgis was in a bar when one of the seeds for his play, The Motherfucker with the Hat, first started to take hold. The New York born playwright, director, actor and screen-writer was out with a group of male friends, and they got talking, as men do, about women who weren't their wives or partners, but who they'd been intimate with, or as intimate as you can get without touching.
"I was noticing people being unfaithful in their relationships pretty often," Guirgis says about the roots of his 2011 Broadway hit on the eve of its revival at the Tron Theatre in co-production with the Cardiff-based Sherman Theatre. "One guy said that he had all these things going on with other women, but that it was okay, because they didn't have sex or touch, they just got naked and masturbated. And everyone was going, yeah, yeah, not touching, like it was fine. I said, wait a minute, if your girlfriend went home with a guy, took her clothes off, and didn't have sex, but they both masturbated, would you be happy with that?"
Guirgis doesn't say what the answer was, but the response ended up in the mix of his story about Jackie and Veronica, a long-term couple whose relationship is compromised when Jackie gets out of prison and discovers another man's hat in their apartment. The fact that he's cleaned up and Veronica hasn't doesn't help, as a series of misunderstandings threaten to spiral out of control.
"When you're young, your friends really matter," says Guirgis. "They're like your tribe, then when you get older things become more complicated, and the rules we're taught as children don't necessarily carry forth into adulthood. You might have a friend who is totally loyal to you, but is a scumbag to women. We don't necessarily all fit into a tidy package, and the play is a story about finding a morality or a manner of being that works for you.
"If you can go out drinking every night and can handle it, fine, enjoy it. If you can be unfaithful with other women and can handle it, great. But if you can't handle it, you're going to create nothing but misery for yourself."
Guirgis started out as an actor, after being born to an Egyptian father and an Irish American mother.
"My mother wanted to be in the arts," says Guirgis, "but it was the depression and she never had the opportunity. It was different for me and my sister. We didn't have much money, and my mother was very strict about how much TV e could watch, but she would take us to movies. Not just new movies, but old ones too. She wanted us to be cultured, and I fell in love with it."
Guirgis landed up with LABrynth Theatre Company, an off-Broadway set-up started by actors in 1992 as a way of flexing their creative muscles. Guirgis found himself writing short plays, and was encouraged to do more.
"I kind of fell into it," he says. "I didn't study it. It was a conflict for me, because I wanted to act, but because I became aware that for whatever reason I'd been given this talent to write, and I had a responsibility to it. I thought one day it will suck and then stop, and I'm sure that's coming soon, but in the meantime I better use it while I can."
One of Guirgis' early works, Jesus Hopped the 'A' Train, was seen at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in the early noughties. It became a hot ticket, and transferred to the West End.
"Oh, boy," says Guirgis. "That was our coming of age as a theatre company. Things really took off for us after that. It was a really special time."
By that time Guirgis had already struck up a friendship with Philip Seymour Hoffman, the mercurial acting talent and left-field Hollywood star who died of an overdose in 2014. The pair became close collaborators, with Hoffman directing five plays by Guirgis.
"We discovered we had simpatico," says Guirgis. "With Phil I felt liberated. In the early days I purely wrote comedy, but he gave me license to do anything I wanted. He could understand what I did intellectually and emotionally, and could communicate that to actors."
If Guirgis had of had his way, Hoffman would have either directed the original production of The Motherfucker with the Hat or else played the lead. Both offers were declined, with comedian turned Hollywood player Chris Rock taking it on instead.
"Motherfucker was the first play of mine Phil didn't direct," says Guirgis. "He said he loved me, but he wanted to spend time with me doing friends stuff. We got so consumed by the work, and we'd go into these things with big casts and with me still writing it, but this one was different. It was finished. I said, Phil, here's a play that's already written, and which only has five characters, why not direct it, and then we can go fishing.
Hoffman died a couple of years later, having never directed another play by Guirgis.
"If Phil had died and I'd had no experience of working with another director, I don't know where I'd be," Guirgis admits. "Being forced into it confirmed to me that I could do that. Working with Phil, I'd be like, is this play successful because of the writing, or because Phil is a ****ing genius? And he was a genius.
"But as great an artist as Phil was, he was an even better person, and an even better friend. He was the last person you could imagine would fall. He spent his life helping people. But addiction, or whatever you want to call it, is a bitch. I can guarantee he would never ever want to leave his kids the way he did, but that's what happened.
"Again," says Guirgis, bringing things back to The Motherfucker with the Hat, "it's down to what you can handle, but addiction is ruthless."
With TV writing credits on the likes of NYPD Blue, Guirgis spent three years working with the equally driven Baz Lurhmann on The Get Down, a $120 million-dollar series charting the rise of hip hop and disco in the Bronx as seen through a group of teenagers.
"I grew up in New York during the birth of hip hop," says Guirgis, "and a lot of the show I'm very proud of, but I'm more at home in the theatre. Sitting in those offices in LA, they kept on bringing me different chairs. Ordering lunch took forty minutes."
Guirgis is currently at work on a stage adaptation of Sidney Lumet's 1975 bank heist thriller, Dog Day Afternoon. He's also writing a sequel of sorts to The Motherfucker in the Hat for Netflix.
"The world has changed since I wrote the play," he says. "You can see characters with addictions in a million things now, so rather than just tell the story, I'm planning to take one of the strands of it and pick things up six or seven years later."
As for the play itself, "I think it holds up fairly well, but whenever I'm writing extreme characters in extreme situations, if I've done my job properly, my hope is that the audience are not just watching a play about the people onstage. My hope is that they can see themselves in some way, that they can see themselves and the people closest to them."
The Motherf***** with the Hat, Tron Theatre, Glasgow, March 1-17
www.tron.co.uk
The Herald, March 1st 2018
Labels: Theatre - Feature
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Ceilidh
The Motherf***** with the Hat
Muireann Kelly – Ceilidh
Rachel Maclean – Spite Your Face
Anita Vettesse - Bingo!
Jo Beddoe - An obituary
Sam Knee - Untypical Girls and the Female Punk-Pop...


text:
Can I sue the weather person for a wrong…
NewsNews Based on facts, either observed and verified directly by the reporter, or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources.
Can I sue the weather person for a wrong report? Ask the lawyer
Hikers at Peters Canyon Regional Park in Orange are seen through a car's windshield as a light rain falls on Sunday, October 25, 2020. (Photo by Mindy Schauer, Orange County Register/SCNG)
By Ron Sokol |
PUBLISHED: November 10, 2020 at 12:12 p.m. | UPDATED: November 11, 2020 at 4:13 a.m.
Q: I watched the weather report on TV. He said it would be cool, slight breeze, with absolutely no mention or indication of rain. I dressed and planned accordingly, wound up getting drenched by a lot of rain, got a bad cold, had to be off my feet for a week, and lost work time. Is there a claim that can be made for that false weather report?
-M.C., Huntington Beach
Ron Sokol
A: Sounds like your claim would be for personal injury. The elements of such a claim are that the weather person had a duty to you to act in a careful manner (often referred to as a "reasonable person" standard). In addition, he or she breached that duty which proximately caused your damages. Applying this to the weather report: Is what you heard the only weather report that day that was inaccurate? Can you prove the weather person acted in a negligent manner? What information did he or she have on which the report was based? Then, what caused your cold? Being wet? Not going inside quickly enough? Is it flu season and a lot of folks are getting ill?
Bottom line, I think you face a very challenging task suing the weather person. I have read of some cases, including those that involve pursuit of the government for providing faulty information relied upon for the weather report. But suing the government typically can be very challenging as well.
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Q: There was a fierce wind which actually blew part of our roof off. It rammed into the backyard of our neighbor and caused serious damage to their landscape. Our neighbor says he expects us to pay for it. Since we don't control the wind, how could it be on us?
-Y.K., Rancho Palos Verdes
A: Force majeure is a legal concept that frees a party from liability when an extraordinary event or circumstance occurs that is beyond his or her control. Examples include a war, crime or events described as an act of God. Wind of the kind you describe may well be treated as an act of God (figuratively let alone legally). This insulates you from liability because it is deemed beyond your control, unless it can be shown that you have some responsibility for what occurred by virtue of not having been careful or having contributed to the situation. Thus, if you knew, or had reason to know your roof was shoddy, and did not repair it, or let it continue to deteriorate, the fact the wind was very strong may not shield you from at least some level of accountability for the harm that occurred.
Ron Sokol is a Manhattan Beach attorney with more than 35 years of experience. His column, which appears in print on Wednesdays, presents a summary of the law and should not be construed as legal advice. Email questions and comments to him at ronsesq@gmail.com.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


THIS YEAR'S FIRST YEAR MARCHING BAND MEMBERS FINISHED THE WEEK IN *ALMOST* RECORD TIME (THAT DISTINCTION BELONGS TO LAST YEAR'S GROUP WHO FINISHED AROUND 10AM)! GREAT WORK, AND WE LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING EVERYONE NEXT WEEK.
NOT SO FAST! 😀 CONCERT BAND SHOULD REPORT TO THE HS GYM THIS SUNDAY BY 1:30 PM FOR GRADUATION ("ARTS FESTIVAL" ATTIRE, PLEASE), AND CONCERT BAND MEMBERS WHO ARE IN MARCHING BAND SHOULD REPORT TO THE SQUARE BY 9AM MONDAY FOR THE MEMORIAL DAY PARADE (SUMMER BAND SHIRT/ NON-RIPPED BLUE JEANS/ ATHLETIC SHOES PLEASE). THESE ARE THE FINAL/ IMPORTANT/ GRADED PERFORMANCES OF THE SCHOOL YEAR. SEE YOU THEN/ THERE!
Xband REPORT TIME TO DILLINGER'S THURSDAY IS CHANGED FROM 5P TO 4:15.
CONGRATULATIONS TO THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS EARNING MEMBERSHIP TO THE 2018 MARCHING BAND COLOR GUARD/ AUXILIARY!
PLEASE REQUEST MEMBERSHIP TO "BUCYRUSBAND (OFFICIAL)" ON FACEBOOK, AND AGAIN, CONGRATULATIONS!
NEW IMPORTANT DATES SHEET AVAILABLE HERE (PASSWORD REQUIRED).
NEW IMPORTANT DATES SHEET AVAILABLE HERE (PASSWORD REQUIRED). PEP BAND SPECIAL OLYMPICS EXHIBITION GAME WAS ADDED, AND A BUNCH OF STUFF WE'RE DONE WITH WAS REMOVED.
SENIOR PEP BAND MEMBERS WHOSE NAMES APPEAR ON THE SIGN-IN SHEET WILL BE HONORED (ALONG WITH PARENTS) AT THIS SATURDAY'S BASKETBALL GAME. IF YOUR PARENTS WILL *NOT* ATTEND, PLEASE LET MR. RAWSON KNOW.
THE PEP BAND REPORT TIME FOR TONIGHT'S (AND FRIDAY'S) GAME IS 6PM. SATURDAY'S REPORT TIME WILL BE 5:30. SEE YOU THEN!
Xband (UNLESS INVOLVED IN SWIMMING OR ACT) SHOULD REPORT TO THE BAND ROOM ON SATURDAY IN UNIFORM BY 11AM. THANK YOU.
THE PEP BAND REPORT TIME FOR *TONIGHT'S* GAME WILL BE 6PM (*TOMORROW* NIGHT WILL NEED TO BE BACK TO 5:30). SEE YOU THEN!
ANYONE WHOSE NAME IS CURRENTLY PRINTED (NOT WRITTEN BY YOU) ON THE PEP BAND SIGN-IN SHEET WILL BE TRAVELING TOMORROW AFTERNOON TO THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL FOR A PEP RALLY. WE SHOULD RETURN TO THE HIGH SCHOOL BY THE NORMAL DISMISSAL BELL.
THE PEP BAND REPORT TIME FOR TONIGHT'S GAME IS 6PM. SEE YOU THEN!
THE PEP BAND REPORT TIME FOR TONIGHT'S GLOW RALLY HAS BEEN MOVED BACK TO 7:30 AGAIN. SEE YOU THEN.
THE PEP BAND WILL BE PARTICIPATING IN A BRIEF COMMUNITY "GLOW RALLY" THIS FRIDAY EVENING AT 7:30PM. IT IS LATE NOTICE, AND ALL EXCUSES WILL BE CONSIDERED.
NEW IMPORTANT DATES SHEET AVAILABLE HERE (PASSWORD REQUIRED). Xband DATES WERE ADDED, AND A BUNCH OF STUFF WE'RE DONE WITH WAS REMOVED.
REMEMBER, ALTERNATES PERFORM WHEN MEMBERS OF OTHER SECTIONS PLAY BASS OR GUITAR OR SING…THEY JUST DON'T WEAR THE "Xband" SHIRT (YET).
PLEASE BRING A NOTE TO SCHOOL FROM YOUR PARENTS REQUESTING THAT Xband IS ADDED TO YOUR SECOND SEMESTER SCHEDULE. INSTRUCTIONS TO PURCHASE TICKETS FOR THE ROCK OFF IN CLEVELAND WILL BE SENT TO YOUR PARENTS IN A FACEBOOK MESSAGE TOMORROW MORNING. HERE WE GO!
IN CONSIDERATION OF TODAY'S SCHOOL CLOSING, TONIGHT'S Xband TRYOUTS ARE RESCHEDULED FOR SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, FROM 6-9PM. A SIGN-UP FORM FOR SPECIFIC TIME SLOTS WILL BE SHARED AT 11AM TODAY. THANK YOU.
PEP BAND - PLEASE REPORT TO THE BAND ROOM BY 5:30 TOMORROW FOR THE BOY'S BASKETBALL GAME.
TONIGHT'S Xband CLINIC WILL START AT 7 RATHER THAN 6. SEE YOU THEN!
TONIGHT'S MARCHING BAND PRACTICE WILL RUN FROM 7-9PM. SEE YOU THEN.
GOOD MORNING! THE FOLLOWING MARCHING BAND MEMBERS ARE ELIGIBLE TO MAKE THE TRIP TODAY TO SEE THE OHIO UNIVERSITY MARCHING BAND PERFORMANCE AT THE OHIO THEATER IN COLUMBUS, BASED ON THE FOLLOWING CRITERIA: SUBMISSION OF A PERMISSION SLIP, PERFECT ATTENDANCE AT SECTIONALS & PERFORMANCES, AND FAILING NO CLASSES AT THIS TIME. IF YOU ARE NOT ON THIS LIST AND THIN YOU SHOULD BE, PLEASE CHECK WITH YOUR TEACHERS. THANK YOU.
THE MARCHING BAND PRACTICE TONIGHT WILL START AT 7PM AND END AT 8PM. SEE YOU THEN.
PLEASE REPORT TO THE BAND ROOM FOR THIS SATURDAY'S VETERANS HALL OF FAME CEREMONY BY 5:11PM. THANK YOU.
NEW IMPORTANT DATES SHEET AVAILABLE HERE (PASSWORD REQUIRED). PEP BAND DATES WERE ADDED, AND A BUNCH OF STUFF WE'RE DONE WITH WAS REMOVED.


text:
Contractors may feel a strange empathy this week with those at the centre of the Hutton inquiry.
Nobody knows more than the likes of Jarvis about the challenge of restoring a public reputation, which Gilligan et al now face. Redemption is a slow and painful business – and only possible without more bad news. But as Jarvis can attest, damning headlines can quickly pile up.
On Tuesday, the Financial Times devoted virtually a full page to a story headed: "Schools out in cold as Jarvis leaves a trail of delays and dissatisfaction". This threw the spotlight on Jarvis' Accommodation Services division, which had hitherto avoided the public opprobrium directed at the firm over the Potters Bar rail crash. Then, just 24 hours later, Jarvis warned that profits will be £12m lower than anticipated this year because that same Accommodation Services division is facing delays reaching financial close on four PFI deals – with a concomitant rise in bid costs. A real sense of crisis is starting to envelope the support services company. It's just three months since it – along with other contractors – was stripped of its rail maintenance work; and just two months since Paris Moayedi, the chairman who had been subjected to vicious personal attacks in the national press, stepped down. Moayedi's successor is Steven Norris, who will himself quit in May if he's elected mayor of London. Where will it all end?
The great problem for contractors such as Jarvis is the way an entire business can be stigmatised in the media by the travails of one part of the operation. The FT didn't need a profit warning to justify probing Jarvis Accommodation Services; the tangential link with Potters Bar was enough. Would the various grumbles of head teachers and subcontractors have merited as many column inches if the contractor had been Bovis rather than Jarvis? Hardly. Balfour Beatty was subjected to a similar line of scrutiny, too. The Guardian highlighted Balfour's own problems in rail to question its suitability to manage Birmingham's new £521m PFI hospital. As the Balfour spokesperson put it, the rail problems are "not relevant" to the hospital deal. In business terms, that's true. But although private sector clients would appreciate the distinction, newspapers – and the public at large – won't. Faith in the credibility of the brand counts for everything.
How should contractors respond? As Hutton proves, it's a bad idea to defend the indefensible.
In that sense, Andrew Sutton, chief executive of Jarvis Accommodation Services, did a fair job of rebutting the FT's criticisms. He answered all the questions and stuck to the facts. Although some readers will cringe "oh no, not Jarvis again", contractors might conclude that tales of contract delays and wrangles over retentions were pretty much par for the course. The worst thing a company in Jarvis's position can do is to moan – like Kevin The Teenager – that all the public scrutiny is "sooooo unfair" and run for cover behind a posse of PRs. That won't wash. Contractors must understand that public contracts, ultimately serviced by taxpayers' money, are a legitimate object of journalistic inquiry. Nor will the public be fooled by superficial rebranding exercises. Just as the dear old Post Office was never reborn as exciting new Consignia, Jarvis wouldn't be able to escape its past by calling itself Catamaran. In the post-Hutton era, spin is out. Reputations can only be founded on honest public pronouncements, and honest endeavours in the boardroom and on site.
Adrian Barrick, editor
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Our time with me will be very exciting and of a superior quality. It's a great pleasure and privilege for me to take care of the discerning gentleman who appreciate an exclusive, beautiful and absolutely discreet companion.
Provides in-call and out-call services and travels around the world. I provides a variety of extras including dinner dates.ap dance and massage. Can provide services for all types of occasions and Always happy to satisfy .


Shihab composed all the music for this 1971 Copenhagen session with a host of instruments and a strong rhythm section. He appears to be playing soprano on "Ma'Nee", the opening piece, although it is not listed as such. He is heard on alto and produces a ripe, robust sound on baritone on two selections. "The Call" is a modal track in 5/4 with powerful alto, beginning with a chant and a complex bass solo from Niels-Orsted. The music is straightahead on all the compositions, including a melodic flute and bass duet and benefits from consistent piano, bass and lithe, flexible drumming from Hopps. This premium vinyl LP is a welcome reissue from Storyville and has long been sought by collectors since it was deleted.
Shihab (as, ss, bar, f); Kenny Drew (p); Niels-Henning Orsted Pedersen (b); Jimmy Hopps (d). 1971.


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Taran Killam: 'It's really hard to have played a part' in Trump's SNL gig
Killam also revealed something Trump said during a dinner with the cast
By Nick Romano
Taran Killam is still haunted by that time Donald Trump hosted Saturday Night Live on Nov. 7, 2015. While appearing on Conan Monday night, the comedian said he still deeply regrets being a part of something that gave the now-president of the United States a platform.
"In retrospect for me, and it's mostly about my personal experience with it and how I feel about it as time goes on and our current president kind of reveals his character or lack thereof, I personally have a hard time of having been involved in an endorsement of that," Killam said. "It's not necessarily a critique of the show, but, boy, it's really hard to have played a part in encouraging — or not even encouraging, but just offering a platform and promoting for someone who I find I'm constantly disappointed in."
Many protested the episode at the time and claimed NBC was legitimizing Trump, who likened illegal Mexican immigrants to rapists and killers. The National Hispanic Leadership Agenda called for the network to drop Trump as host, a petition to have him ousted began circling online, protestors rallied outside 30 Rock in New York City, and the hashtag #RacismIsntFunny popped up on social media.
Killam, who left SNL ahead of season 42 in 2016, previously called the president a "moron" and his episode on the sketch comedy show "embarrassing and shameful."
On Conan this week, he also recalled something Trump said during a cast dinner for his hosting episode: "[Trump] said something at that host dinner that I just, I found at the time shocking and now more so, where they were talking about, 'Yeah, you're running for president. What a big thing to take on.' He's like, 'You know listen, if I don't win this thing, I'm going to be fine. We just bought this huge property in Scotland. If I have to be president, I'm never gonna see that thing!'"
Killam believes "of course" Trump found the time to go to the house, since he's found so much time to golf. Watch more of his interview with O'Brien in the clip above.
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Taran Killam: 'It's really hard to have played a part' in Trump's SNL gig


Manama: The authorities have arrested three Asian nationals with heroin and Shabu worth around BD335000, the Director-General of Criminal Investigation and Forensic Science has said.
The culprits were arrested following a tip-off.
The Anti-narcotics Directorate investigated the matter, which led to identifying and arresting the suspects. He said that legal proceedings are being taken to refer the case to the Public Prosecution.


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Rechthalten is a municipality in the district of Sense, in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It was known in French as Dirlaret ( ), but this name is no longer used.  It is one of the municipalities with a large majority of German speakers in the mostly French speaking Canton of Fribourg.

History
Rechthalten is first mentioned in 1142 as Drallaris.  In 1173 it was mentioned as de Recto Clivo, followed in 1180 by Dreitlaris and in 1250 it was Rehthalton.

Geography

Rechthalten has an area of .  Of this area,  or 73.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while  or 18.2% is forested.   Of the rest of the land,  or 7.1% is settled (buildings or roads),  or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes and  or 0.5% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.2%.  Out of the forested land, 17.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 28.7% is used for growing crops and  44.0% is pastures.  All the water in the municipality is flowing water.

The municipality is located in the Sense district, about  south-east of Fribourg.  It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Rechthalten along with scattered hamlets and farm houses.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Sable on a Pale Argent three Fleurs-de-lys Azure.

Demographics

Rechthalten has a population () of .  , 2.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 7.1%.  Migration accounted for 4%, while births and deaths accounted for 4.7%.

Most of the population () speaks German (978 or 95.4%) as their first language, French is the second most common (39 or 3.8%) and Portuguese is the third (3 or 0.3%).  There is 1 person who speaks Italian.

, the population was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.  The population was made up of 516 Swiss men (47.7% of the population) and 13 (1.2%) non-Swiss men.  There were 546 Swiss women (50.5%) and 7 (0.6%) non-Swiss women.  Of the population in the municipality, 501 or about 48.9% were born in Rechthalten and lived there in 2000.  There were 342 or 33.4% who were born in the same canton, while 123 or 12.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 22 or 2.1% were born outside of Switzerland.

, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 22.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.6%.

, there were 447 people who were single and never married in the municipality.  There were 486 married individuals, 59 widows or widowers and 33 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 394 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household.  There were 92 households that consist of only one person and 33 households with five or more people.  , a total of 382 apartments (93.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 17 apartments (4.2%) were seasonally occupied and 10 apartments (2.4%) were empty.  , the construction rate of new housing units was 3.7 new units per 1000 residents.  The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.43%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 30.5% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the CVP (22.2%), the SPS (15.8%) and the CSP (12.4%).

The SVP gained an additional 7.4% of the vote from the 2007 Federal election (23.1% in 2007 vs 30.5% in 2011).  The CVP retained about the same popularity (20.7% in 2007), the SPS moved from below fourth place in 2007 to third and the CSP lost popularity (19.3% in 2007).  A total of 412 votes were cast in this election, of which 4 or 1.0% were invalid.

Economy
, Rechthalten had an unemployment rate of 1.2%.  , there were 73 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 32 businesses involved in this sector.  39 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 10 businesses in this sector.  82 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 22 businesses in this sector.  There were 582 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.2% of the workforce.

 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 140.  The number of jobs in the primary sector was 49, all of which were in agriculture.  The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 33 of which 14 or (42.4%) were in manufacturing and 19 (57.6%) were in construction.  The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 58.  In the tertiary sector; 10 or 17.2% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 4 or 6.9% were in the movement and storage of goods, 13 or 22.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 5 or 8.6% were the insurance or financial industry, 3 or 5.2% were technical professionals or scientists, 6 or 10.3% were in education and 2 or 3.4% were in health care.

, there were 47 workers who commuted into the municipality and 458 workers who commuted away.  The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 9.7 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.  Of the working population, 8.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 72.7% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 823 or 80.3% were Roman Catholic, while 137 or 13.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.  Of the rest of the population, there was 1 member of an Orthodox church, there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there was 1 individual who belongs to another Christian church.  There was 1 individual who was Islamic.  29 (or about 2.83% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 32 individuals (or about 3.12% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Rechthalten about 372 or (36.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 97 or (9.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).  Of the 97 who completed tertiary schooling, 68.0% were Swiss men, 20.6% were Swiss women, 8.2% were non-Swiss men.

The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school.  This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude.  Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school.  The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs.  After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship.

During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 111 students attending 6 classes in Rechthalten.  A total of 153 students from the municipality attended any school, either in the municipality or outside of it.  There were 2 kindergarten classes with a total of 43 students in the municipality.  The municipality had 4 primary classes and 68 students.  During the same year, there were no lower secondary classes in the municipality, but 26 students attended lower secondary school in a neighboring municipality.  There were no upper Secondary classes or vocational classes, but there were 17 upper Secondary students and 14 upper Secondary vocational students who attended classes in another municipality.  The municipality had no non-university Tertiary classes, but there were 2 non-university Tertiary students and one specialized Tertiary student who attended classes in another municipality.

, there were 14 students in Rechthalten who came from another municipality, while 62 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

References

External links

 Official website

Municipalities of the canton of Fribourg

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
A Note on Sirach 42:18b
(Tristan, this post is for you.)
The Hebrew text of Ben Sira (Ecclesiasticus ) 42:18b, from the Masada manuscript, says of God יׄביט אתיות עולם, "he sees from of old the things that are to come" (NRSV). The word אתיות is everywhere taken to be the feminine plural participle of the verb אתי, "to come." This is a reasonable supposition since that form does occur in the Hebrew Bible, in Is 41:23; 44:7; 45:11. On the other hand, in the next verse a different word, נהיות, is used for future events.
Nevertheless it occurred to me while reading the text with a seminar class today that an alternative understanding of the word might be "letters," understood as "elements." In post-Biblical Hebrew the word אות "sign, letter" has two plural forms: אותות when the meaning is "signs, miracles" and אתיות when the meaning is "letters."
If God is said to "see the letters of the world," what could that possibly mean? It might mean the same as the expression τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου, "the elements of the world" used in Paul's letters; στοιχεῖα means not only "elements," but also "letters." It is possible that Hebrew "letters" could also mean "elements," and that Ben Sira's expression refers to the four elements, the building blocks of creation.
But also possible — if this reading is accepted — is the idea that the 'otiyyot `olam are the "eternal letters," the 22 letters of the Hebrew alphabet through which, according to later tradition, the world was created. This idea plays a role in the later Sepher Yezirah and in the thought of Kabbalah. I doubt that Ben Sira had a fully developed Kabbalistic concept in mind, but the intersection in meaning of Greek stoicheion and Hebrew 'ot may have worked on his strongly Torah-centric theology to influence his expression in this one verse, which in turn influenced or foreshadowed later developments.
Ed, your proposed reading might be compared to the following not on the etymlogy of "element":
Elements. Michael David Coogan has written two excellent articles
showing that the Latin elementum then English element may have from L-M-N in several alphabets. "Alphabets and Elements," Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 216 (1974) 61-3; ")LP, To Be an Abecedarian," J. of the
American Oriental Society 110.2 (1990) 322. His work has been cited
approvingly, e.g. by Victor Avigdor Hurowitz in articles on Hebrew acrostic psalms) and Wm. Hallo (in his book on Ancient Near East Origins). And before Coogan, F.A. Wolf, J. B. Greenough (Harvard St. Class. Phil. 1 (1890) 97-99 and
others supported this origin. But the Oxford English Dictionary etymology offers:
[a. OF. element, ad. L. elementum, a word of which the etymology and primary meaning are uncertain, but which was employed as transl. of Gr.
{sigma}{tau}{omicron}{iota}{chi}{epsilon}{gifrown}{omicron}{nu} in the various
senses--a component unit of a series; a constituent part of a complex whole (hence the 'four elements'); a member of the planetary system; a letter of the alphabet; a fundamental principle of a science.]
Etymology books by Klein and Shipley propose an origin from Greek for elephant, ivory letters. But they provide no good examples. Does anyone here have further
information? Thanks.
Stephen Goranson
http://www.duke.edu/~goranson
Post SBL 2008
The New Zinjirli Inscription


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August 15, 1950: "Flying 'discs,' or 'saucers,' made a new appearance in Jackson county last Saturday, according to Mr. and Mrs. Bud Oliver who man the state forestry lookout on Round Top mountain, about 28 miles north of Medford.
June 9, 1959: "The seventh lookout for the southwest district, state department of forestry in Jackson county, was manned this morning by Mammie Winningham on Round Top in the Evans Creek area, the forestry department reported.
1973: In consideration of the sum of $1000.00 the State entered an agreement with Gene Ash to construct a lookout building on Round Top Lookout site from materials furnished by the State, as directed and supervised by the State. The work was to be performed between June 4 and July 14.
1973: A 24-foot treated timber tower with a 14x14 Amort style flat-roof cabin was constructed.
July 4, 1993: The lookout was broken into and a shotgun was stolen.
August 27, 1995: "Rue Brown is finally getting to teach herself to play the flute this summer.
She's also catching up on a few books, including 'Gone With the Wind,' and there is her needlepoint to work on.
After a decade of fire-breathing summers, the veteran fire lookout finally has time on her hands.
'This has been a wonderful summer for us,' said Brown, a fire spotter in Round Top Lookout, an Oregon Department of Forestry facility about 20 air miles northeast of Medford.
Indeed, this is August, and the grass atop the peak is unseasonably green, particularly after nearly a decade of drought.
But that doesn't mean those who keep an eye out are any less vigilant. Her flute plays second fiddle to her job of watching for fires.
Last month she spotted a column of smoke in the Sardine Creek drainage after a lightning storm. She has also called in several grass fires on the Rogue Valley stretching far below.
A former dental assistant, Brown, 39, born and raised in Miami, hired on as a fire lookout a decade ago. She works in the families real estate brokerage when she isn't scanning the horizons for fires.
Fire prevention is a family affair. She shares fire lookout duties with her father, Bill Guilliland. Her mother, Ramona Guilliland, also helps atop the mountain.
And her husband, Malcolm, is a firefighter with the Medford Fire Department.
Brown has served on all the fire lookouts in the Rogue Valley area. But Round Top, with its 25-foot tower atop the 4,700-foot peak, is her favorite.
To the north she peers down into the Umpqua Divide, a region often fogged in this summer, thanks to cool morning temperatures.
Her southern exposure oversees the twin Table Rocks, looking like giant pool tables in the far distance.
'I like the remoteness, the solitude,' she said.
Although the summer will soon fade into autumn, the veteran fire lookout isn't about to predict a summer without a major forest fire.
2017: A camera detecting system replaced the normal method of observation.


Both Vietnamese Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) and the local governments have had many support programmes but most of them are mainly supply-driven and do not meet the need of the private sector. The aim of this paper is to support MPI, Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City authorities to learn from international best practices in business and innovation support measures.
This paper has been prepared in parallel to another paper, which is focusing on international best practices for the startup ecosystems. The two papers are mutually complementary. For the sake of clarity and division of work, descriptions of collective business support approaches, networks, infrastructues and programmes, such business incubators, accelerators, innovation centers as well as co-working spaces and living labs, are covered by the other paper. This paper focuses on targeted business support measure and instruments.
The paper includes descriptions about successful models or approaches for business support policies and instruments from Singapore, the Netherlands and Finland. The lessons and learnings from designing and implementing business support is discussed at the end of the paper, with the aim to provided useful suggestions for Vietnam.


text:
keistamnylipbackmatulochihamahass.co
good idea ready help you, set questions..
Category: Category: Industrial
Goldilocks And The Three Bears - Roald Dahl - Revolting Rhymes (CD)
Label: Puffin - none • Format: CD • Genre: Non-Music, Childrens • Style: Story, Audiobook
Solitude, East Of Eden: Julie Harris - James Dean - James Dean Essential Collection (Vinyl), There Is A War - Leonard Cohen - New Skin For The Old Ceremony (CD, Album), Your Time Is Gonna Come - Sandie Shaw - The Best Of Sandie Shaw: Nothing Less Than Brilliant (CD), Disneyland High, Come On In - The Martins - Dream Big (CD, Album), A Good Heart - Maria Mckee - Live Acoustic Tour 2006 (CD, Album), Got It - Fu►Steps* Meets Vini* - Escape - Vol. 1 (File, MP3), Men Of Ohio; March Of The Steel Men; Military Escort; Them Basses; Waltzing Matilda - The Washington, Abandono - Grupo Cantamor - Roberto Carlos Com Amor (Vinyl, LP, Album), La Adelita, Mein Dein - Blumentopf - Wir (CD, Album), Carry The Unborn, What City I Claim (Village Illinois) - Palanche - Stuck Knee Deep In It (CD, Album)
9 thoughts on " Goldilocks And The Three Bears - Roald Dahl - Revolting Rhymes (CD) "
Kajinn on	 20.11.2019 | 23:21
This poem follows the same plot as the traditional story but presents it as if it were a case for a jury. The three bears go for a walk to wait for their porridge to cool, and while they're gone Goldilocks breaks into their house and eats their food. Then she sits on a precious antique baby's chair and breaks it to bits (and says a rude word in the process).
Faera on	 18.11.2019 | 20:59
Put on a musical to be proud of with this complete performance pack based on Roald Dahl's version of Cinderella.. Create a lively and exciting musical for your school based on the Revolting Rhymes version of keistamnylipbackmatulochihamahass.coinfo pack contains everything you need to put on a show-stopping performance, with a brilliant script, casts lists, costume ideas, piano and vocal score and more.
Sashicage on	 20.11.2019 | 15:13
Roald Dahl(13 September – 23 November ) a British novelist, short story writer, fighter pilot and screenwriter. His parents were from Norway, but he was born in Wales, The family used to spend the summer holidays on a little Norwegian island, swimming, fishing and going by boat.
Shaktikus on	 13.11.2019 | 13:46
Roald Dahl [] was a writer, screen writer, poet, TV presenter and lots more besides. Most famous for his children's novels such as BFG he also wrote wickedly funny poetic re-writes of Children's tales such as Red Riding Hood, The Three Little Pigs and others.
Gusida on	 13.11.2019 | 10:16
So begins Roald Dahl's take on Cinderella, the first story to feature in this new small edition of Revolting Rhymes. Find out why Jack discovers he must bath everyday to defeat the giant at the top of the beanstalk, how Snow White made her fortune, and what disgusting thing Goldilocks had on her shoes when she got into the bears' beds.
Malat on	 22.11.2019 | 01:53
'Goldilocks and the Three Bears' is an Official Collector's Limited Edition Print from the classic book 'Revolting Rhymes' written by Roald Dahl and illustrated by Quentin Blake.
Goltiramar on	 15.11.2019 | 14:51
Mar 27, · Roald Dahl's Revolting Rhymes - Goldilocks and the Three Bears - Duration: Excerpt from Goldilocks and the Three Bears Sing Their Little Bitty Hearts Out - Duration:
Gajar on	 15.11.2019 | 10:55
This book includes classics such as: Cinderella, Jack and the Beanstalk, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Goldilocks and the Three Bears, Little Red Riding Hood and The Three Little Pigs. Roald Dahl has cleverly made these classic fairy tales fun, revolting and sometimes rather gruesome/5().
Goltigal on	 14.11.2019 | 16:56
Resource worksheet handout including full text of Roald Dahl's version of Goldilocks and the Three Bears, with images, and space to annotate if necessary. Roald Dahl's 'Goldilocks and the Three Bears' 16 customer reviews. Author: Created by hsw Preview. Created: Apr 30, | .
Faejora on Goldilocks And The Three Bears - Roald Dahl - Revolting Rhymes (CD)


text:
Books, authors and all things bookish
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The Reading Life: Chester Cricket's tale of the city
My favorite books for kids are those that start out naturalistically and then go quietly, gently off the rails. "Charlotte's Web" is a perfect example: E.B. White's descriptions of New England farm life are so precise, so deftly rendered, that it seems entirely believable when the animals start talking and Charlotte begins to spell out words in her web.
This, of course, is one of the wonders of children's literature, its sense of the world as mysterious, even magical, its recognition that there is much in daily life beyond our reach. At its best, childhood is like that also, although more often, it can be a landscape of arbitrary rules and inexplicable adult tension, in which too much happens (literally and figuratively) above our heads.
George Selden's "The Cricket in Times Square," which celebrated a quiet 50th anniversary in October, is another book that, like "Charlotte's Web," takes place in a recognizable universe that has been tweaked to make a place for the wondrous alongside the mundane. It hasn't been overlooked exactly -- it won a Newbery in 1961 and was made into a 1973 animated film by Chuck Jones -- but somehow, I think, it's never quite received its due.
Maybe that's because of its similarities to "Charlotte's Web" -- both are evocatively illustrated by Garth Williams, and both involve, in part, a child developing an intense relationship with a creative insect -- or maybe that it takes place in Manhattan, where I grew up. It's hard, as a kid, to see the miraculous in the familiar, or at least that's how it seems to me.
Either way, "The Cricket in Times Square" is a subtle masterpiece, a story that unfolds almost entirely in the Times Square subway station, where a family named Bellini owns a small, beleaguered newsstand. One evening, the Bellinis' young son Mario hears the chirping of a cricket and makes the displaced insect his pet. We see the development of a bond between them, as well as the growing friendship between the cricket, whose name is Chester, and two other animals who call the station home: Tucker Mouse and Harry Cat. The first time, Chester sees Harry, he is terrified that the cat is after Tucker, but the two city-dwellers set him straight.
"Hello," said Chester. He was sort of ashamed because of all the fuss he'd made. "I wasn't scared for myself. But I thought cats and mice were enemies."
"In the country, maybe," said Tucker. "But in New York we gave up those old habits long ago. Harry is my oldest friend. He lives with me over in the drain pipe."
This is my favorite scene in the book, with its understanding of the urban promise, the idea that in the city, we can (must) somehow set our tribalism aside. It's as hopeful a moment as can be imagined, because if cats and mice can get along, why not human beings?
The same is true of the rest of the book, which is expansive, optimistic, marked by a sense of New York as a place of wonder, "full of the roar of traffic and the hum of human beings," in which "Times Square were a kind of shell with colors and noises breaking in great waves inside it."
That's great writing, concrete enough for kids yet nuanced enough for adults, and each time I read it, I fall in love with Manhattan all over again. How could I not, especially after Chester begins to play arias and pop standards that draw hundreds of customers to the Bellinis' newsstand? Fifty years later, the message remains consistent: Everything is possible, after all.
-- David L. Ulin
Image: A Garth Williams illustration from "The Cricket in Times Square," in a limited-edition lithograph available from Every Picture Tells a Story. Credit: Used with permission of Every Picture Tells a Story.


text:
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.mgmt.marketplaceordering import MarketplaceOrderingAgreements

"""
# PREREQUISITES
    pip install azure-identity
    pip install azure-mgmt-marketplaceordering
# USAGE
    python set_marketplace_terms.py

    Before run the sample, please set the values of the client ID, tenant ID and client secret
    of the AAD application as environment variables: AZURE_CLIENT_ID, AZURE_TENANT_ID,
    AZURE_CLIENT_SECRET. For more info about how to get the value, please see:
    https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/develop/howto-create-service-principal-portal
"""

def main():
    client = MarketplaceOrderingAgreements(
        credential=DefaultAzureCredential(),
        subscription_id="subid",
    )

    response = client.marketplace_agreements.create(
        offer_type="virtualmachine",
        publisher_id="pubid",
        offer_id="offid",
        plan_id="planid",
        parameters={
            "properties": {
                "accepted": False,
                "licenseTextLink": "test.licenseLink",
                "marketplaceTermsLink": "test.marketplaceTermsLink",
                "plan": "planid",
                "privacyPolicyLink": "test.privacyPolicyLink",
                "product": "offid",
                "publisher": "pubid",
                "retrieveDatetime": "2017-08-15T11:33:07.12132Z",
                "signature": "ASDFSDAFWEFASDGWERLWER",
            }
        },
    )
    print(response)

# x-ms-original-file: specification/marketplaceordering/resource-manager/Microsoft.MarketplaceOrdering/stable/2021-01-01/examples/SetMarketplaceTerms.json
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Empathy and charity: longlisted for a prize!
This really is news! The picture book I wrote for People not Borders is up for the People's Book Prize and anyone can vote (once) and comment. I'm a Trustee for this small but committed group of women in my home town (awaiting charitable status for some time now) and was excited to write the text and find Paula Watkins, textiles and mixed media artist, to illustrate in a way that's colourful and original. All profits are being used to support projects with young refugees. It's very much an empathy-developer, though, as well as a fundraiser. We hope it will help anyone who reads it to imagine, and therefore begin to understand, the experience of a child coming to this country from a war zone, but the text is gentle and the pictures beautiful.


Taqwa Hajj and Umrah Services (Pvt) Ltd.
Accommodation in Medinah:- Hamouda Sakni / Al Ghadeer (Gate 26) / Mukhtara Salam (Gate 7) OR Similar (Opposite S.E.P.T.Co Bus stand) about 600 meters from Harram.
Accommodation in Medinah:- Province Al Sham # 4 / Ilyas Silver OR Similar (Assalam Street) about 300 meters from Harram.
Accommodation in Medinah:- Hamouda Sakni / Al Ghadeer OR Similar (Opposite S.E.P.T.Co Bus stand) about 600 meters from Harram.
Accommodation in Medinah:- Jowhrat Tul Rasheed / Sama Massi OR Similar (Assalam Street) about 150 meters from Harram.
If any pilgrim will reach Saudi Arab without information or voucher, SR 5000/- per head penalty will be charged from concerned agent.
Voucher should be made 72 Hrs before traveling, otherwise penalty of SR 100/- per head will be charged.
Visa Only is not allowed. Mautimirs must get full package.
Taqwa does not take any responsibility for any kind of loss occurred due to Purchase, Re-issue OR Cancellation of Tickets.
Please intimate date of travelling of Mautamir at the time of booking in writing to plan your visa accordingly.
Any passport received without travel instructions, will mean stamping of visa as soon as possible.
Please intimate duration of stay of Mautamir in Saudia at the time of booking (Submitting passports to Taqwa).
Approval will be accordingly to stay in Saudia. If approval is for 15 Days as per original booking Mautamir cannot stay even 1 day over 15 days.
Rupees 1,900,000/- (Rupees Ninteen Hunderd Thousands) per person as penalty (SR 50,000/- Per Person).
Agents doing Umrah business with Taqwa Hajj & Umrah Services (Pvt) Ltd will deposited 3 x Cheques of 1000,000/- each as security.
Transport:- Jeddah Airport to Makkah to Medinah to Makkah to Jeddah Airport by Bus/Coaster.
does so will be treated as violation of agreement. Such person will not be given any Refund / Compensation against transport.
Self-hiring of accommodation is not allowed. The Mautamir will have to take the package for the whole duration of stay in Saudia.
Quota allotted by the airline is nonrefundable . Tickets purchased from Quota seat & passenger does not travel, no refund will be given.
No refund of one way utilized ticket.
Visa stamped but person not traveled due to any reason.
Ticket refund/cancellation charges will be as per airline policy.


text:
CitizenshipPapers.ie
CitizenshipPapers.ieCitizenshipPapers.ieCitizenshipPapers.ie
Evan Comerford
'Enclosed in this letter' - Remittances and the contribution of the emigrant Irish
The 'American Wake' was often the final time that many nineteenth century Irish emigrants saw their parents in-person. But as they waved goodbye at crossroads, train stations or harbours across Ireland, the young emigrants would have been acutely aware that there was an expectation on them to send money home at the earliest opportunity. Since the Great Famine of the 1840s up until the 1960s, the reliance on support from emigrants overseas was a reality of the domestic small farm economy in rural Ireland. Historian David Fitzpatrick put it that 'Rearing for emigration was thus a form of insurance, with the parent qualifying for a pension or lump payment from his grateful offspring, shortly after their emigration…'
Whether it was used to pay rent to the landlord, provide a passage ticket for a sibling or contribute towards the cause for Irish independence, Irish emigrants displayed an extraordinary commitment to meeting their financial obligations towards their homeland. After the huge Famine exodus, emigration became normalised and a steady stream of people left the island each year throughout the nineteenth century. Between 1854 and 1923 monetary aid to Ireland was in the region of $5 million annually. In today's money it's estimated that at least £4.9 (GBP) billion was sent back to Ireland from emigrants in North America between 1848 and 1900. A referendum on voting rights will likely bring further examination of Ireland's relationship with the diaspora and in that context it's important that we acknowledge the huge financial contribution our emigrants made over such a long period.
The reliance on subsistence agriculture and a lack of economic development in Ireland meant that emigration continued unabated well into the twentieth century under the new Irish Free State. The bulk of prospective post-war migrants crossed the Irish Sea to the industrial cities of the United Kingdom, with roughly three out of five children born in the 1930s leaving Ireland at some point. The need for remittances continued and another £4.8 billion was sent back by Irish emigrants in the UK between 1940 and 1970. Some of that generation of emigrants built good lives in the UK, others would also later return to Ireland. But many of those Irish who relied on casual construction work in cities like London, Birmingham and Manchester never felt at home in Britain and sadly drifted into poverty and homelessness. They lost contact with home as the years went on and relatives passed away; the contribution they made to Ireland through their remittances was largely forgotten.
There were a myriad of reasons and motivations for emigrants to send money home to Ireland. During times of political or social upheaval, the Irish abroad were a useful and reliable source of funding for causes at home. The Fenian movement was the first to successfully capitalise on the huge Irish-born population in North America in the 1860s for purposes of fundraising. In the late 1880s the total remitted from the United States during the Land War, gathered mostly by the Irish National Land League of America and Irish American newspapers, was over $600,000. The pre-existing networks and experience of Irish American nationalist organisations in fundraising for Irish causes, like John Devoy's Clann na nGael, was crucial during the 1916-1921 period in funding Ireland's fight for Independence from Britain.
Most of the money sent back by the Irish was in the form of personal remittances. It was a couple of dollars in an envelope or a bank/postal order, sent as frequently as the emigrant could manage or when requested by letter during times of crisis. Most frequently, they were received in advance of the "Gale Day" to help the family pay their rent to the landlord. In 1908, the village of Clifden, Co. Galway received £10,000 in remittances, which was half the entire rent owed by the over 3,000 inhabitants of the district.
The demand for facilitating remittance transfers in America was so high by 1850 that a group of enterprising Irish emigrants in New York established the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank to provide a reliable credit transfer system for emigrants who wished to get money back to Ireland. They charged a low commission rate and even established an office in Dublin to complete the transactions. In 1860 alone, over $600,000 in remittances to Ireland passed through their books.
40% of personal remittances came in the form of passage tickets, a practice which itself solidified the practice of 'chain' migration that characterised Irish emigration for so long and probably financed up to 75% of all emigration in the fifty years after the Famine. One family member would travel alone to the new destination and upon obtaining work and accommodation, would save and send a pre-paid ticket back to Ireland for the next family member to join them. In 1850 a dairymaid in county Meath wrote to her cousin in Kentucky saying
'I have a great wish for going to America ….in your letter you said you would pay the passage of any of your friends that liked to go there. . . . If you would be so good as to pay my passage till such time as I could earn i t . . . I'd retume [sic] it with many thanks.
It was no small burden on the arriving emigrant to save up and send this money back either. Usually the emigrant sent remittances most frequently during the initial years in their new home and gradually this decreased over time as they were joined by more siblings or as parents passed away. Although this wasn't always the case, in his memoir Nineteen Acres, John Healy recalled arriving at his Aunt Mary's tiny apartment in 1950s New York and his realisation that his Aunt had saved up social security cheques to send back to Mayo as remittances, despite having emigrated several decades previously.
The individual amounts sent to Ireland as remittances were small, but they were hugely important to the people who received them. They prevented many from falling on hard times in the days before the modern welfare state could step in, particularly on the farm. A Galway woman recalled her father's delight during her childhood when he opened a letter from his sister Gracie in America that contained $20 to buy a new horse for the farm. Shopkeepers supplied credit to poorer families who had children abroad on the promise that they were due an 'American Letter'.
Even during the 1950s, emigrants remittances continued to make up a staggering 3% of total national income in Ireland. Many communities in Western counties like Mayo and Donegal were reliant on the wages sent back by seasonal workers who migrated to Scotland to pick the potato crop.
The invisible nature of remittances has perhaps allowed the impact they had and the generosity shown by the diaspora to have gone somewhat under appreciated in Ireland. Economically, remittances were about survival, further emigration of family members and bolstering of the small farm economy. But they were also part of the emigrant's emotional bond to their homeland, a sense of duty to look after their parents and a desire to project the image that they had 'done well' abroad. A great personal sacrifice was made by many Irish emigrants, who were burdened with the need to send money home along with finding their way in a foreign land.
Copyright © 2021 CitizenshipPapers.ie - All Rights Reserved.
HomePage Photo by David Monahan


text:
Washoe Valley Nevada State Scenic Byway
Area Plan and Codes
Celebrate Washoe Sponsors
Washoe Valley is the last rural vista between the rapidly growing Truckee Meadows to the north and Carson/Douglas to the south. Its green pastures, lakes and surrounding mountains provide pleasure to the thousands of commuters, tourists, and residents who use Highway 395, not to mention those who live and recreate there.
To the east lies the sage and pinion pine covered Virginia Range. To the west is the Carson Range of the Sierra Nevada with Slide Mountain (elev. 9,694) the highest point, only slightly upstaged by neighboring Mt. Rose, elevation 11,776. The Carson Range is primarily a Jeffrey pine forest with riparian corridors in the canyons.
Washoe Lake in "normal" years covers about six square miles, laps against Highway 395 in wet years, but many are the drought years when there seems to be more shore than lake. A shallow stretch of water in the center of the valley, Washoe Lake collects water from a series of creeks draining the Carson Range, including Davis, Ophir, Winters, and Franktown Creeks. Sometimes contiguous, the Scripps Wildlife Area and Little Washoe Lake to the north together with the large lake constitute a vital migratory waterfowl layover stop. In fact, the entire valley is listed as an Important Bird Area by The Audubon Society. The valley's position as a transition zone between ecoregions adds to the species diversity there, both flora and fauna.
Washoe Valley is still rural and unincorporated with about 4,000 residents. In l870 there were 20,000.
Remarkably, Washoe Valley retains many characteristics of its early pioneer days.
Much of the land in and around the valley now belongs to the people and is managed by various agencies. Preservation efforts were initiated in 1946 when the Board of Washoe County Commissioners contributed $50,000 towards the purchase of Bowers Mansion and agreed to maintain the property as a public resort. In 1977 The Scripps Howard Corporation gave the Department of Wildlife property at South Washoe Lake. The Scripps Wildlife Management Area covering 2,000 acres provide critical wetlands. Davis Creek Park, part of the Winter's Ranch, opened as a county park in 1968. Washoe Lake State Park at the south end of Washoe Lake was established in 1977.
In 1998 Washoe Valley residents, conservation organizations, federal, state, and local agencies began to look for ways to purchase parts of the Winter's Ranch. The Bureau of Land Management is now the manager. Federal, state, and county funds have been used to acquire various properties throughout the valley.
The Forest Service manages most of the land along the Sierra Nevada Mountains and the Bureau of Land Management the Virginia Range to the east. In 2001 the BLM consolidated its property in the Virginia Range through a land exchange. No wonder Washoe Valley is now a recreation, open space and wildlife haven!
Privacy Policy Washoe Valley Alliance © 2022


text:
National Motor Museum, Beaulieu
The National Motor Museum tells the history of motoring on the roads of Great Britain.
The collections comprise around 1.7 million items, with the majority of vehicles on display in the museum. There is also an onsite 'Collections Centre' with a large extent of the museum's collections. It includes 285 vehicles, 48,000 objects, 1,185,000 photographic images, 300,000 archive items, 26,000 film, video and audio recordings and 300,000 items in the Reference Library, all of which relate to the motorcar, its development and social context. Collections in the Collections Centre are available to see by appointment only.
David Lauder at English Wikipedia/Wikimedia CC-BY-SA-3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en
Allan warren/Wikimedia CC BY 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.fr
Brian Snelson from Hockley
Would you like to see and do other things near National Motor Museum, Beaulieu ?
Ticket Purchase Link


text:
'Interplanetary' Alpha (Early Access): Time to Wage War On a Galactic Scale
April 18th, 2014 Wraithkal News
If history has taught us anything, it's that war never changes. Generally speaking, anyway, as both the battlefield and participants tend to vary from conflict to conflict. In the case of Interplanetary, mankind has somehow managed to reach the point where we're capable of waging war on a massive scale. Nation against nation? So last century. Planet vs planet is all the rage now, and you… get to play the part of an armchair general.
Last time I wrote about Interplanetary, it was still trying to get through Greenlight, on top of being in a rather limited state, feature-wise. But that was more than four months ago and it's come a long way since, with online multiplayer arguably being the most important addition. I mean, we are after all talking about a turn-based artillery title here, so that's a pretty vital component. That said, there are still some kinks to work out in that area, as hosting on Windows 8 seems to be a bit wonky.
I'm sure it'll be fixed soon though, at which point everyone will be able to fling missiles at each other, causing entire civilizations to crumble by way of powerful lasers and other WMD. If you've ever wanted to play Scorched Earth on a larger scale (like, 'interplanetary' larger), and with more to it than simple fire-and-forget mechanic gameplay, then this one's likely right up your alley. Doubt you'll find any tanks in Interplanetary though, but aside from that… KABOOM!
Mind your surroundings, use them to your advantage and blast your enemies back to the stone age!
Now, Early Access being Early Access, certain features are obviously still on the "to be added later" list, and unfortunately, the 'AI skirmish' mode is part of that… along with building upgrades, for that extra strategical touch. There's still plenty to do though, as players will have their hands full spying on the enemy in search of weak spots while keeping a watchful eye on their own planet at the same time. Oh and if you don't feel like taking the game online, there's always the hot seat and/or LAN mode.
Interplanetary is available on Steam [Early Access] for Windows, Mac, and Linux, priced at $10 ($5 until April 25).
Interplanetary Early Access Trailer [Turn-Based Strategy Artillery Game for PC, Mac and Linux]
interplanetary
steam early access
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Two people can look at the same situation with totally different perspectives. One may see doom and gloom, while the other sees amazing potential. A negative perspective causes you to fixate on problems. A positive perspective enables you to focus on solutions.
Your perspective also varies with circumstances. A room where the temperature is 50 degrees feels warm after you spend two hours outside in a temperature of zero degrees. However, that same 50 degree room will seem cool after spending two hours outside in 100 degree weather.
Investing for your financial security is a sound economic strategy. It allows you to build your finances so you can afford major purchases and travel, as well as building your retirement fund. Common investments include stocks, real estate, money market funds, and businesses.
Although financial investments are common, investing in yourself is not as widespread as it should be. As well as investing in your economic future, you also want to invest in yourself. Doing so provides priceless benefits which last a lifetime.
Fear of failure is paralyzing. It causes you to give up, abandon dreams, and take a less than desired path. Imagine how much more you would accomplish by not letting any fear stop you. Here are some approaches which will help you get past your fears.
Identify each fear and its cause. By understanding what you are afraid of and why, you are in a better position to take corrective action. Often, this step alone demonstrates that there may be no rational basis for your fear.


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HPV vaccination: more than 100 adverse reaction cases excluded from public database in Australia
By Annette Gartland on May 26, 2019
More than one hundred cases of reported adverse reactions after HPV vaccination have been excluded from Australia's public Database of Adverse Event Notifications (DAEN) and are only recorded in the Therapeutic Goods Administration's private database.
The 101 cases included in the TGA's Adverse Event Management System (AEMS) internal database that do not appear in the DAEN include deaths, four cases of cervical cancer¹, two cases of ovarian cancer, and reports of pancreatitis, premature menopause, paralysis, and multiple sclerosis.
One case from 2014 (age unspecified) is reported as "cervix neoplasm; vaccination failure".
In another case, from 2007, (female, age unspecified) the reported adverse reaction is described as "carcinoma in situ", but no further details are given.
Only one report of cervical cancer is listed in the DAEN. The report was made in 2010 and concerns a 24-year-old woman.
In many of the cases recorded in the internal database, individuals report numerous adverse reactions. Symptom clusters are commonplace worldwide in reports of adverse reactions to HPV vaccination.
In one case in the AEMS database, more than 30 adverse reactions are reported by one 15-year-old girl.
There is one report in the AEMS database of a neonatal death after vaccination with quadrivalent Gardasil. No details are given as to how the baby came to be injected when the recommended starting age for HPV vaccination is nine.
The public DAEN database lists 4,867 adverse reactions reported after HPV vaccination up until February 27 this year, including 233 reporting as relating to Gardasil 9, which was rolled out in Australia in 2018.
A total 4,329 reports are listed as relating to quadrivalent Gardasil, and a further 84 reports relate to what is referred to as "Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent", which is, in fact, Gardasil (one of these is a reported death).
Fifteen reports relate to Cervarix and the remaining reports are listed under the category "Tradename not specified (active ingredients: HPV Type 16 L1 Protein; HPV Type 18 L1 Protein)".
The TGA explains that this category is used when a report does not contain sufficient information to determine which HPV vaccine was administered. Reference is made to the two strains common to all HPV vaccines, type 16 and type 18.
The internal AEMS statistics, which relate mainly to quadrivalent Gardasil, have only come to light thanks to a Freedom of Information (FOI) request made by Michelle Stubbs, whose daughter Asha became seriously ill after HPV vaccination.
Stubbs, who lives in northern Queensland, is organising a class action lawsuit against Merck, who manufacture Gardasil and Gardasil 9. For the past couple of years she has been doggedly chasing up information, putting questions to the TGA and the Department of Health about her daughter's case and HPV vaccination in general.
She was shocked to discover that a nurse or pharmacist can request exclusion from the DAEN of a reported adverse reaction, even in circumstances where a doctor reported the reaction.
"The TGA have confirmed to me in writing that the health professional that makes the call not to publish a reported adverse effect on the DAEN could be a nurse, a pharmacist, or a doctor," Stubbs told Changing Times.
The TGA stated in an email to Stubbs: "When the TGA receives an adverse event report it is entered into the Adverse Event Management System by staff in the Pharmacovigilance and Special Access Branch.
"If there appears to be insufficient information and/or no reasonable temporal association and/or the relationship between the medicine/vaccine and the adverse event appears to not be related, the cases are reviewed by a health professional (doctor, nurse or pharmacist), who may seek further information from the reporter."
The TGA told Stubbs that about 90 percent of the reports it receives are included in the DAEN and added that "the vast majority of the reports not included in DAEN are either duplicate reports for a single case or reports for unregistered medicines".
Stubbs questioned the TGA after she saw the report of a death that she thought had to be that of 16-year-old Gabby Larkin removed from the DAEN.
Larkin, from Mont Albert North in the Australian state of Victoria, died on June 4, 2009, at the age of 16. She had an extremely rare form of ovarian cancer.
Patrice Larkin with a photo of her daughter Gabby.
The DAEN and internal database reports never include names so it is not clear whether the June 2009 report that appears only in the AEMS internal database and concerns a 16-year-old girl developing ovarian cancer refers to Larkin, but it would be very surprising if it was not her case. There is no report currently publicly available that appears to refer to her death.
There are three deaths reported that are only recorded in the AEMS internal database. They include one neonatal death.
On the TGA website, in an update dated May 13, 2015, the TGA states: "There have been no reports of death associated with Gardasil vaccination in Australia."
However, one of the deaths recorded in the AEMS internal database occurred in 2009 (the neonatal death) and another occurred in 2009.
The one reported death recorded in the DAEN database can only be seen by searching in the category "Human Papillomavirus Recombinant Vaccine Quadrivalent", not under Gardasil. The death is recorded both in the "Medicine summary" section as "vaccination failure" and "cervix carcinoma", but there is no detailed report that refers specifically to the death. The TGA told Changing Times that the report relates to a death in March 2016.
The following case appears in the DAEN, in the "List of reports" section, but it is not reported there as a death. The TGA confirms, however, that there was a "fatal outcome" in this case, so one would deduct that it is the same case as the case of a death referred to above.
In the internal AEMS database, there is a report of an induced abortion after what is described as "exposure" to quadrivalent Gardasil during pregnancy.
Merck itself says that the safety and effectiveness of Gardasil has not been established for pregnant women.
There is one case in the internal database, reported in October 2017, of a 15-year-old girl who reports a staggering list of adverse effects, including abdominal pain, a loss of consciousness, muscular weakness, a cardiac disorder, vomiting, food intolerance, gait disturbance, blurred vision, arthralgia (joint pain) and paraesthesia (an abnormal sensation, typically a tingling or pricking feeling) after vaccination with Gardasil. This case also does not appear in the DAEN.
There's also an extraordinary case, reported in 2007, in which a woman aged 77 suffered several adverse effects after receiving a cocktail of drugs along with a Cervarix vaccination. (Cervarix is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.)
There's a report from 2009 detailing how a 49-year-old woman suffered throat pain after what is described as "inappropriate schedule of drug administration" (a Gardasil injection).
There are three reports of paraesthesia in the internal data base that have never appeared in the DAEN.
Other cases in the internal database that have never been reported in the DAEN include eight reports of anaphylactic reaction, including three on the same day.
In one case of anaphylactic reaction, a 12-year-old boy had received Boostrix (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and Gardasil 9 vaccinations together. The adverse reaction was on the same day.
There are seven reports of seizures, three reports of paralysis, three reports of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), one case of neonatal sepsis, and two cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) reported after vaccination with quadrivalent Gardasil that are only listed in the internal data base, plus 12 cases of MS that are recorded in the DAEN.
In one case, reported in May 2016, that is listed in the DAEN, a 21-year-old woman is reported as having an MS relapse and optic neuritis (an inflammation that damages the optic nerve) after being injected with quadrivalent Gardasil.
In one of the seizure cases listed only on the internal database, the person, whose age and sex are not available, also reported gait disturbance, hallucination, and pain in extremities.
In one of the cases of paralysis, the multiple reactions reported include a balance disorder, dysphagia (swallowing difficulties), parosmia (a distortion of the sense of smell), and pyrexia (raised body temperature).
There is also one report from 2011, that is only in the internal database, of a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The report relates to a female, whose age is not available, who was injected with quadrivalent Gardasil.
In a 2017 public assessment report about Gardasil 9 the TGA includes a response from Merck, which states that the company "has closely monitored events of autoimmune disease reported as temporally associated with the administration of Gardasil as part of regulatory commitments".
As a part of this routine monitoring processes, the adverse events of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) were spontaneously reported during post-approval use of quadrivalent Gardasil and were added to the company's vaccine core data sheet (CCDS) in 2007 and 2009 respectively, Merck told the TGA.
Merck added: "Because these experiences were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or to establish a causal relationship to vaccine exposure. The cause of GBS remains unknown, but may involve a nonspecific immune stimulus such as vaccination or infection.
"GBS was added to the CCDS in order to alert health care providers to these reports. The term acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was added to the post-marketing AE section of the CCDS due to the seriousness of the disease."
The TGA, however, has decided that at least one case of Guillain-Barré syndrome should be excluded from the database that is available to the public.
There are four reports of GBS in the DAEN relating to quadrivalent Gardasil. (In two of the cases Gardasil was given on its own.)
Four cases of ADEM are listed in the DAEN in relation to quadrivalent Gardasil. (In two of the cases Gardasil was given on its own.)
There are two cases of meningitis listed only in the TGA's internal database, along with one case of a blood disorder, and two reports of pancreatitis, one of which concerns a 13-year-old girl. (The age in the second case is unavailable.) There is one report, from 2011, of a 16-year-old girl having Still's disease, which is a rare systemic autoinflammatory condition.
The TGA insists that there is no link between HPV vaccination and pancreatitis. A spokeswoman told Changing Times in an email that, following several reports of pancreatitis in 2007 and 2008, the TGA conducted an investigation that concluded that a causal association between Gardasil and pancreatitis could not be established.
There have, however, been numerous cases of people in a number of countries developing chronic pancreatitis after HPV vaccination. One case of chronic pancreatitis after a Gardasil vaccination in 2009 is listed in the DAEN.
A group of doctors in Australia have drawn a link between HPV vaccination and the pancreatitis suffered by a young woman after she was vaccinated with quadrivalent Gardasil.
In a letter to the editor of the Medical Journal of Australia, published in August 2008, surgeons Amitabha Das and Neil Merrett, surgeon and researcher David Chang, and head of the Sydney-based Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, Andrew Biankin, said an extensive investigation of the case could find no other cause for the pancreatitis.
They said that, while a coincidental illness causing pancreatitis could not be ruled out, "neither can HPV vaccination be excluded as a potential cause".
They added that "the close temporal relation of the HPV vaccination, the development of a prodromal² illness, and fever without evidence of sepsis led us to postulate that pancreatitis was secondary to vaccination".
They suggested that pancreatitis be considered in cases of abdominal pain following HPV vaccination and, if proven, be notified to the Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee.
The DAEN contains ten reports of pancreatitis following Gardasil vaccination and in nine of those cases Gardasil was administered on its own.
Other reports that appear only in the AEMS internal database include one case of premature menopause, one of brain injury, one of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy³ (the patient died), and one of leukaemic infiltration (that occurred with along with facial paralysis), four cases of lymphadenopathy4, one case of nephritis (kidney inflammation), one case of polyneuropathy (damage or disease affecting peripheral nerves), and three cases of oropharyngeal pain (pain in the throat). Numerous other cases of lymphadenopathy are reported in the DAEN.
There are also numerous cases of fainting, rashes, coughs, and general malaise that are listed only on the internal database.
In the case of the report about brain injury, it is stated that the person in question, whose age and sex are not available, received both Cervarix and Gardasil shots. Only two other reports in the internal database relate to Cervarix.
There are also three reports of disease progression that appear only in the internal database. In one case the female patient has a motor neurone disorder. In another case, a 12-year-old boy is reported to have suffered from concomitant disease progression and seizure two weeks after receiving Boostrix and Gardasil injections at the same time. The disease he was suffering from is not specified.
In another report that concerns a vaccinated boy the adverse reaction is described as "disability", with no further clarification.
There are four reports of what is described as "vaccination failure". In one case the report refers to "Cervix carcinoma; vaccination failure", another refers to cervix neoplasm, and one refers to anogenital warts. There are also "vaccination failure" reports on the DAEN.
In response to her FOI request Stubbs was sent a list of other reports that were previously published in the DAEN, but were being updated.
The TGA explained that a new internal database was introduced in mid-2018, and data was transferred from the old to the new database.
"While all reports were migrated, some reports had insufficient information coded for the medicine/vaccine name. These reports are currently being reviewed and manually updated to enter the coded medicine/vaccine name, which is required for the report to be published on the DAEN," the TGA stated.
Of the 227 reports listed, 205 had previously been published in the DAEN, and would be available in the DAEN in the future once the vaccine name had been updated, the TGA added.
"There are 22 reports that will not be published on the DAEN as they either have insufficient information and/or no reasonable temporal association and/or the relationship between the medicine/vaccine and the adverse event appears to not be related as judged by a health professional and/or the report may be a duplicate of a report included in the DAEN," the TGA stated.
The 18 reports that are duplicates are highlighted in the table provided.
Information provided on the TGA website.
DAEN reports
There is just one reported case of cervical cancer occurring after vaccination with quadrivalent Gardasil listed in the DAEN.
Also in relation to quadrivalent Gardasil, there are 82 reported cases of seizures and 128 reports of myalgia (muscle pain). Twenty cases of tachycardia are listed along with seven cases of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), two cases of an unspecified malignant neoplasm, and one case of arrhythmia (a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is too fast, too slow, or irregular). There are two reported cases of Still's disease.
There are ten reported cases of hallucination, seven of premature menopause, and five cases of exposure during pregnancy. One case is recorded of premature labour, one of acute kidney injury, and one of ovarian failure.
There are thirty cases in the DAEN of anaphylactic reaction after vaccination with Gardasil (24 of which are cases in which Gardasil was given on its own) and one case is reported after vaccination with Gardasil 9.
The database also contains thirty reports of photophobia (extreme sensitivity to light), and two cases in which the adverse reaction is reported as a malignant neoplasm ( a cancerous tumour).
There are also three reports of spontaneous abortion in cases in which Gardasil is given on its own.
Reports on the DAEN of adverse reactions after vaccination with quadrivalent Gardasil, up to February 24, 2019.
Gardasil 9
In the case of Gardasil 9, up to February 25, 2019, DAEN lists 27 cases of pyrexia, 19 cases of pain in extremities, 17 cases of vomiting, and 14 cases of general malaise.
The most common adverse effects, after injection site reactions, are fainting, headaches, rashes, and nausea. There is one reported case of ovarian failure after vaccination with Gardasil 9, one report of Guillain-Barré syndrome, one of hallucination, one of hemiparesis (muscular weakness or partial paralysis restricted to one side of the body), and one of a malignant neoplasm.
There is one report of infertility after vaccination with Gardasil 9, one report of a psychogenic seizure, and one of demyelination. A demyelinating disease is any condition that results in damage to the protective myelin sheath that surrounds nerve fibres in the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord. When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems.
There are reports from individuals aged 27, 32, 33, and 43, mostly from 2019.
The Food and Drug Administration in the United States only expanded Gardasil 9's approved use to include women and men aged 27 to 45 in October 2018 and Merck states that quadrivalent Gardasil is indicated for ages nine to 26.
However, in Australia, quadrivalent Gardasil was registered to be given to females aged 9–45 years and males aged 9–26 years in 2006. The bivalent vaccine Cervarix was registered to be given to girls and women aged 10–45 years in 2007. Gardasil 9 was registered to be given to females aged 9–45 years and males aged 9–26 years in June 2015.
The TGA under scrutiny, and under fire
The report to the TGA of Asha Stubbs' case does appear in the DAEN, but there were mistakes made that her mother says she had to correct. Asha's age was incorrect and her second myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) diagnosis was left out. The date of the first MDS diagnosis was also incorrect.
During the FOI process, Stubbs applied to have her costs waived because of financial hardship and because she believed the information she requested was in the public interest.
The TGA decision maker said he was not satisfied that payment of the $128.40 fee would leave Stubbs unable to provide food, accommodation, clothing, medical treatment, education, or other necessities for herself or her family, or other people for whom she might be responsible.
He said he was therefore not satisfied that paying the $128.40 would cause Stubbs "financial hardship" within the meaning of the FOI guidelines.
He said, however, that he had decided to exercise his discretion to reduce the fee by 50 percent on the basis that Stubbs was in receipt of a Centrelink carer allowance and carer payment which, he said, appeared to indicate that her income was limited.
The TGA decision maker also said he did not believe that the information requested by, and provided to, Stubbs was of interest to the general public.
"I was furious about this," Stubbs said. "Paying for this FOI request took food from my sick daughter's mouth.
"I could have appealed against this decision, but I was too angry to. I did send the decision maker an honest and frank response about how his decision made me feel.
"More than one hundred cases of adverse reactions excluded from the public database. Of course that is in the public interest."
There is criticism of the fact that the TGA both approves drugs and vaccinations and also monitors their safety.
"There is a clear conflict of interest there," Stubbs said. "It's time that the reporting of adverse reactions to drugs and vaccinations was mandatory. There should be a reliable system in place that does capture all relevant information. Then, we would not lose so many reports because of a lack of information."
The TGA was heavily criticised in the 2010 Stokes review, which analysed the public health response to adverse reactions to the seasonal influenza vaccine that were experienced by children in Western Australia.
The 2010 seasonal influenza vaccination programme was stopped about four weeks after it began because of an alarming rise in adverse events following vaccination.
Stokes' review, which was ordered by the Western Australian minister for health, revealed what appeared to be a serious deficiency in the mechanisms for reporting these adverse events.
Stakeholders and independent specialists who were consulted during the review process raised concerns about perceived conflicts of interest. (Expert members of bodies responsible for monitoring vaccination are also involved in pharmaceutical companies and clinical trials for vaccines.)
One of Stokes' recommendations was that the Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing (DoHA) formally review and address any perceived or real concerns about conflict of interest in these "peak bodies".
Stokes concluded that Australia's National Immunisation Committee (NIC), which is the "peak body" for the country's National Immunisation Programme, had made little progress in implementing recommendations from a National Vaccine Safety Workshop in 2006 that were aimed at improving national surveillance of adverse effects following vaccination.
He added: "It is disturbing that neither this State nor the Commonwealth put in place the measures recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in August 2009 regarding the surveillance and reporting of adverse events following the introduction of pandemic vaccination programmes."
The WHO recommendations were put in place when Australia conducted the H1N1 vaccination programme in 2009, Stokes pointed out.
"It is unfortunate in the reviewer's mind that these recommendations have not been continued in the routine vaccination programmes in this country and especially in Western Australia when in the 2010 vaccination program against seasonal influenza, a vaccine significantly different from previous years was being used, and when the programme involved young children from six months to five years," he said.
Stokes said the dual mechanism of reporting adverse events to either the TGA branch of the DoHA or to the public health division of the state Department of Health (DoH) was confusing and did not allow for a timely and comprehensive collection of data on these events.
"This combined with the lack of knowledge at any given time of the number of vaccinations already given so that the rate of adverse events could be quickly calculated added further to reporting difficulties."
Stokes said his review had revealed an adverse event reporting system that was not robust or timely and did not conform to WHO recommendations concerning mass immunisation programmes.
One of the recommendations of the Senate Community Affairs References Committee Inquiry about transvaginal mesh implants was that the Australian government, in consultation with the states and territories and the Medical Board of Australia, review the current system of reporting adverse events to the TGA.
In its report, which was published in March 2008, the committee recommended that the government implement mandatory reporting of adverse events by medical practitioners, provide guidance on what constitutes an adverse event for use by consumers, medical practitioners and device sponsors, improve awareness of the reporting system, and examine options to simplify the reporting process.
The committee noted the "vital role of adverse reporting in post-market surveillance".
It's clear that any analysis of many of the reports submitted about adverse reactions to HPV vaccination would be made more difficult by the fact that the HPV vaccines are often administered at the same time as another vaccine, for example the Hepatitis B and/or the DTPa vaccine.
The figures 0 and 1 refer to onset times. (0 = an adverse reaction the same day as vaccination and 1= the next day).
While members of the public cannot access the AEMS system, "sponsors" can access it by using their TGA "business services" account.
Michelle Stubbs says no adverse reaction reports should be hidden from the public.
"I find the entire way the TGA manages adverse reaction reports to vaccines to be indicative of its role of being the regulator who deemed the vaccines safe for market," she said.
"To adequately manage post-market safety data, the TGA would effectively be proving themselves wrong. We are potentially talking about thousands of vaccine-injured children who are literally being ignored."
Stubbs says that, despite the fact that her daughter received an autoimmune blood disorder diagnosis two weeks after Gardasil "stimulated" her immune system and has suffered 11 years of serious illness with a poor prognosis, the TGA has never investigated what happened to Asha.
"I had to lodge a formal complaint before they would even tell me that they hadn't carried out any investigation into her case."
Asha's life has been destroyed, Stubbs says. "Vaccine-injured children in Australia deserve acknowledgement and assistance. Reports of adverse reactions to vaccines should be mandated and those reports need to be managed properly and include enough information to facilitate an investigation.
"It's not good enough that the TGA appears to just sit back and watch the data grow. These reports primarily relate to children and many of them are about significant health issues."
Michelle and Asha.
Asha Stubbs, who is originally from Albany, Western Australia, but lives in northern Queensland, received her first two Gardasil injections in July 2007 and October 2007 when she was 15 years old. When she received her third injection in March 2008, she was 16.
Two weeks after that injection, Asha was diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a rare autoimmune disorder in which a person's blood doesn't clot properly because the immune system destroys the blood-clotting platelets.
When Asha was 19, the ITP turned into paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), which is a rare and life-threatening blood disease in which red blood cells are destroyed and blood clots develop.
About six months later Asha was also diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), in which the bone marrow does not produce sufficient healthy blood cells. She was told she was in the early stages of developing acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).
There is more detail about Asha's case in this Changing Times article.
Gabby Larkin's mother Patrice tells how her daughter was very athletic and active prior to receiving the Gardasil vaccination. Patrice said in an interview with Vaxxed TV that Gabby played netball and was a very strong girl, who ran on the treadmill every night.
After her first Gardasil shot, Gabby developed a headache that wouldn't go away.
About three weeks later, she developed a severe pain on the right side of her abdomen. A cancerous tumour was discovered in her right ovary. The tumour grew very quickly, and was the size of a grapefruit, Patrice says. The tumour burst, and Gabby's ovary was removed. She then underwent chemotherapy.
Patrice said her daughter died an excruciating death.
She and her husband tried to get tests done on the tumour to see if a link with Gardasil could be shown, but they failed and the case was closed.
Patrice fears that because of HPV vaccination there may even be more cases of cervical cancer in the future as girls are being given a false sense of security. "Girls are thinking that they are safe, that they don't have to have smear tests," she said.
She told Vaxxed TV that she had worried about the Gardasil vaccination as the permission form mentioned possible allergies to a list of substances contained in the vaccine. How, Patrice wondered, could she know what Gabby might be allergic to and whether there might be a risk.
Patrice said she had a very bad feeling about the vaccination as it was so new, and she wanted her daughter to at least wait 12 months before having it, but Gabby wanted the vaccination because all the other girls were having it, and believed that it would protect her from sexually transmitted diseases.
Publicity about Gardasil was everywhere, Patrice said. "It was on every five minutes on the TV … It was on every notice board you looked at, or when you turned on the radio. It was just full on."
Patrice said that, despite her doubts, the media pressure led her to feel compelled to have Gabby vaccinated. People were also being encouraged to get the three Gardasil shots for their daughters while the vaccination was still available for free.
1) One additional case of cervical cancer recorded in the material obtained by Michelle Stubbs is listed in the second section of the document. It is not clear whether it was previously recorded in the DAEN and whether it will be listed there in the future. The other four cases are recorded in Table 1: "Cases in Adverse Event Management System that do not appear on the DAEN, and are not duplicate reports of cases in the DAEN."
2) A prodrome is an early sign or symptom (or set of signs and symptoms), which often indicate the onset of a disease before more diagnostically specific signs and symptoms develop.
3) Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which a portion of the heart becomes thickened without an obvious cause. This results is the heart being less able to pump blood effectively.
4) Lymphadenopathy, or adenopathy, is disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size or consistency.
According to the World Health Organisation's pharmacovigilance database VigiBase, there have been 91,863 reports of adverse reactions following HPV vaccination worldwide.
Details of Michelle Stubbs' FOI request and the pdf of the information she received will be published on the TGA website next week. (Stubbs' name will not be given, but all the data she obtained will be shared.)
UPDATE: The documents released to Michelle Stubbs are now available here.
Update 07/06/2019:
The TGA says that the following case "was not considered to be related to the vaccine based on clinical review and consideration of the information provided by the reporter". It is therefore not included in the DAEN.
The TGA confirms that there was a fatal outcome in case 377263, which was reported in March 2016, and is listed in the DAEN. While this death is referred to, without a detailed report attached, under the "Medicine summary" tab, the entry under the "List of reports" does not refer to a death.
Categories: Health
Tagged as: adverse effects, AEMS, anaphylactic reaction, Australia, cervical cancer, DAEN, Gabby Larkin, Gardasil, HPV vaccination, Merck, ovarian cancer, pancreatitis, premature menopause, TGA
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