The Brother MFC-8700 is one of the standard laser printers that the MFC series offered. It is a digital multifunction copier that is also capable of printing, scanning and faxing. Its fax functionality isn�??t outstanding but it includes a corded handset to better support. Interfaces are limited to USB and parallel ports with no option for future upgrades. Printing and copying speeds share the same rating, at 12 pages per minute. Copy and print resolution has a maximum of up to 600x600 dpi (dots per inch).
Standard paper handling capacity is very generous that it can hold a maximum of 500 sheets. Monochrome printers are expected to deliver clear text results, while they�??re less reliable when it comes to graphics. It can work with Brother TN430 black toner which can yield up to 3000 pages, or if you want higher capacity, there�??s the TN460 toner which has 6000 page yield. Its awesome feature which you rarely get on a printer is the ability to print frames of video from digital cameras by simply connecting the device to the printer.


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Home Bulgaria Bulgaria records fresh 669 cases of coronavirus in 24 hrs
Bulgaria records fresh 669 cases of coronavirus in 24 hrs
The Balkan state recorded a total of additional 669 cases of the novel coronavirus in the last 24 hours, as per the information shared in the unified information portal, as of today, April 20, 2022.
Sofia, Bulgaria: The Balkan state recorded a total of additional 669 cases of the novel coronavirus in the last 24 hours, as per the information shared in the unified information portal, as of today, April 20, 2022.
The positivity rate of these fresh COVID-19 infections stands at 7.76%, which have been detected of the 8614 total RT-PCR tests conducted by the healthcare facilities on the previous day. With this, the total number of the active COVID-19 infection stands at 158,831, which has been decreased by a significant number.
Meanwhile, the total number of the confirmed COVID-19 infections since the beginning of the pandemic in Bulgaria has increased to 1 151 011.
Along with this, a total of six (6) patients with the COVID-19 mutant lost their lives to the mutant, bringing the total number of the COVID-19 fatalities since the outbreak reported to 36 816.
With this, there are a total of 2871 patients with the COVID-19 virus who recovered from the viral illness and got discharged from the hospital facilities, taking the overall count of the COVID-19 recoveries in the European country to 955 364, according to the portal's data.
For the present time, there are a total of 990 patients with the COVID-19 who are in the hospital facilities, including the newly admitted 110 patients. Meanwhile, 116 patients are in intensive care units – ICU, the data of the portal further reveals.
In terms of vaccination, as of April 19, 2022, there are a total of 2,054,126 individuals who have received their required number of the WHO-approved COVID-19 vaccines and are now fully vaccinated, representing around 29.7% of the total targeted eligible population of the European nation.
On the other hand, there are a total of 740,125 Bulgarian nationals who are fully vaccinated and have also taken their third dose, which is booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccines, as per the official data. This number of Bulgarian individuals represents around 10.7% of the total targeted eligible population.
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Billie Eilish And Finneas Helped Spotify Announce Their New Hi-Fi Streaming Tier
Caitlin WhiteFacebookTwitterPop Music Critic
The Hi-Fi streaming experience has been touted before, with Jay-Z's streaming service Tidal initially orienting their messaging around a lossless streaming tier, and of course, there's Neil Young's obsession with his Pono player and high-definition digital archives. But today, Spotify announced they will be joining the lossless streaming world too, letting Spotify Premium subscribers upgrade to Spotify HiFi, which will "deliver music in CD-quality, lossless audio format."
According to Spotify, this has been one of the most-requested additions, and the rollout was announced with the help of Billie Eilish and her brother Finneas. "High quality audio means more info, there are things you will not hear if you don't have a good sound system. It's really important just because we make music that [we] want to be heard in the way that it was made," Eilish said. Her brother added: "Anytime anyone really takes time to sit down with our music and listen to it in a really high quality way it's very exciting because I know they are hearing everything that we intended them to."
The service will roll out in select markets later this year, though no pricing info has been released yet. It's a big day for the streaming platform considering they also announced a brand new exclusive podcast with Bruce Springsteen and Barack Obama.
Topics: #SpotifyTags: Billie Eilish, finneas, spotify, Spotify Hi-Fi


Investing Advice And InformationDividendsWhich is Best for Income: Real Estate or Stocks?
Which is Best for Income: Real Estate or Stocks?
Over the years, I've met quite a few friends and relatives who need regular income but are afraid of the stock market, especially when it plunges from time to time (like it did on Monday). They prefer to invest in income-producing real estate.
Several years ago, one of my relatives sold his business for several million dollars and attended FreedomFest to decide what to do with his cash. He and his wife attended several sessions led by investment experts on a variety of choices — income and growth stocks, offshore investing, venture capital (pre-initial public offering private placements) and real estate.
They told me that they had never owned bonds or stocks (other than their own company) and felt uncomfortable investing in them. They decided to stick with "what we know best" — commercial and residential real estate. They had invested in various rental properties over the decades and decided to stick with this strategy. They kept the properties they owned, paid off their mortgages and lived off the income stream (earning tax advantages to boot). They used the remaining funds to acquire more properties — a strip mall, a car wash, an event center, storage units, resort condos, luxury homes, mountain cabins and lodges. The husband manages the properties and the wife does the paperwork, which keeps them plenty busy.
Like any investment, there is a downside to investing in rental properties directly — the paperwork, repairs and upkeep, bad tenants who suddenly stop paying their rent, choosing the wrong location, changing trends, dealing with government regulations and taxes, potential lawsuits and an illiquid market. You may have to wait months if not years to sell your property in a down market.
The stock market provides a clear alternative — real estate investment trusts (REITs). All you do is invest in these publicly-traded trusts and sit back and receive rental income, usually paid every quarter, from a diversified portfolio of commercial or residential properties. No paperwork, no worries about repairs, upkeep, phone calls in the middle of the night, lawsuits, or dealing with government agents.
There are dozens of income-producing REITs to choose from, many of which pay an above-average yield of 5% or more and have adopted a rising dividend policy. We recommend one of them in Forecasts & Strategies. That one invests in assisted-living facilities, a growth industry. It currently pays a dividend of 55 cents per share every three months for an average yield of 6.1%. It has increased its dividend 10 times in a row.
Moreover, if the properties rise in value, you benefit from a rising stock price and capital gains over time. Sometimes there are tax advantages — part of the quarterly distributions may be treated as long-term capital gains. And you have liquidity. You can sell your investment at any time.
What's not to like? Well, there are some downsides — if the REIT is mismanaged, the trust may cut or even suspend its dividend and the stock price can drop accordingly. REITs also are subject to the ups and downs of the marketplace. If you can hold on and collect your dividend checks until the market recovers, you are okay. But if you have to sell during a bear market, you could lose money.
You also can diversify into other income-producing stocks, such as energy firms, private equity, muni bonds, utilities and business development companies — see the latest issue of Forecasts & Strategies. The key is to find quality investment companies that pay high and rising dividends.
The choice is yours — be an active investor in your own rental properties, or a passive investor in REITs and other dividend-paying stocks. Both have their pros and cons.
After Sen. Marco Rubio spoke before 2,500 enthusiastic attendees at FreedomFest in early July, he flew to California to speak at the Koch Brothers conclave and immediately got into trouble defending his own home-state boondoggle — federal price supports for sugar that double its cost to domestic users like cookie makers.
Apparently, local Florida sugar cane farmers, along with Hawaii sugar producers, benefit from higher sugar prices to the tune of $1.4 billion a year through subsidies. Rubio is backing the subsidies to support his state's sugar cane farmers, despite higher prices to Florida consumers. Meanwhile, Flo-Sun, Florida's top sugar cane producer, makes regular campaign donations to Sen. Rubio and other politicians, totaling more than $500,000 last year. It is paying off for the sugar cane farmers when the farm subsidy bill comes up every year in Congress.
Politicians often spout the benefits of free trade and free enterprise but make exceptions when it fits their own self-interest.
According to the Cato Institute, sugar is perhaps America's least efficient welfare program, costing consumers vastly more than it benefits farmers. Despite subsidies, the number of sugar growers has fallen by about half in the past three decades. The General Accounting Office estimated in 1995 that 1% of sugar growers captured almost half of all the benefits from the program.
Hotel magnate and Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump is turning the loss of American manufacturing jobs into a campaign issue. He vowed on Aug. 25 not to eat Oreos again in protest unless the cookies are made in the United States.
In case you missed it, I encourage you to read my e-letter column from last week about how stocks can tumble despite strong consumer spending. I also invite you to comment in the space provided below my commentary.


Poh moves out of her kitchen and heads off overseas - to Malaysia, the country where she was born. She is on a three-week trip starting in Kuala Lumpur to find out more about her heritage and traditional Malaysian dishes.
Poh's guest in the kitchen is the godfather of Italian cuisine, Antonio Carluccio. Antonio demonstrates quintessential Italian peasant cooking by making delicious stuffed lamb cutlets and red wine poached pears.


← Happy New Year from Poland!
Today is that time of month again that I dread the most…NO not that kind of problem but we have to say good-bye to some wonderful church missionaries we have at our church here in Bydgoszcz.
Every 9 weeks the phone rings and goes something like this, "Sister Kagele, guess who is leaving in 2 days to "X" town, ME (or their companion)! I have a love/hate with these calls as I HATE to see them leave but then I LOVE them because that means we get to new missionaries coming in that we get to meet.
This transfer(this is what we call it when the missionaries move from one spot to another spot in Poland), we are loosing 3 of our 6 missionaries. It is been come a tradition that Tuesday night before they move on Wednesday morning is spent at our house for one last meal and going away party.
One last meal and what did they want? Taco's! The biggest laugh was when some pointed out that I was serving Mexican food on Polish pottery.
OH, desert how good you look but I can't eat since I am on this diet! Yesterday was not a cheat day for me.
Every transfer there is always lots of pictures being taken.
This our Bydgoszcz missionary group. We love having them over as the spirit fills our house and always is a good time too!
Yes, there has to be one crazy picture taken, right?
"L" and one of our Sister missionaries,. These 2 are hoot together and had a hard time saying good-bye to each other.
"E" reciting a poem to all of us that she is practicing for some English reading competition they are doing here in town in a few weeks.
It was another great night in our house with good food and good friends!
If you could have someone cook one last meal for you, what would it be? A Philly cheese-steak sandwich with extra onions and peppers!
This entry was posted in Bydgoszcz, Church, Family, Hospitality, Just for fun, Poland and tagged Bydgoszcz, church, family, lds, missionary, mormon, Poland. Bookmark the permalink.
Kelley, I can't thank you enough for being surrogate parents to Ty. How fortunate for him to have had the opportunity to be in your home so much. I appreciate mom-to-mom how you have fed, entertained, and watched out for him. These boys are so lucky to know your family. Love you!!!
We loved having Ty here our house! If you ever make it Poland you are welcome to stay here at our house. Keep in touch!!
As for my last meal, I'd go for a big veggie calzone! And then I'd want a Haagen Dazs ice cream bar w/almonds or pumpkin cheesecake for dessert (or Breyer's Mint Chocolate Chip ice cream) — too many things I'd want to eat, for sure!
oh let's add cookie dough ice cream too!!
Hi, my name is Stefan, I am Polish and have been living in Chicago (-land) since the last century. From your blog I learned that you like to cook but miss certain ingredients. Well, here is my idea. I could send you things that you want in a parcel. There are several shipping agencies catering to so called "Polonia", i.e. community of Americans of Polish origin. The rates they charge are significantly lower than USPS, UPS or FedEx.
On their web page they advertise 69c/lb for sea freight but for the last year in the window of their main office on Milwaukee Avenue I saw 48c/lb posted as a "temporary promotion". The formula for the price (sea freight) is simple = $8 "service" + weight (in lb) x 48c up to 70lb. There is $1 fee for every lb above 70.
Their delivery time varies from 6 to 8 weeks. My record was 4 weeks; usually it is 6-7.
The agency that I have used most recently was International Perfect Trading. This firm is smaller than Polamer and majority of their ads talk about shipping cars to Poland. So far I sent 3 parcels with no problem. Their fees are even lower and are = $10 "service" + 39c/lb up to 75lb. They charge an additional $10 fee for (I don't know how many lb) above the 75. The delivery time is longer than Polamer's and the average from those 3 parcels was 75 days.
Polamer doesn't allow you to ship any liquids. (Alcohols, oils, juices, etc.) They even make you sign a paper that if you do and there is a spill you will be liable for other people's damaged parcels. Well protected "semi-liquid" things are O.K., I think. Generally the more dense the better.
I sent more than 100 parcels and not even one was damaged not to mention missing.
I don't think there will be any border duty added to the price of the parcel, but you never know. In my experience it happened only twice. Once, like 20 years ago, they taxed a new CRT computer monitor and couple years ago they did the same thing to several new technical (electronics/robotics) books that I had bought on Amazon. Go figure. I have been sending new clothes, new and used laptops, used desktops, older multimeters, new bicycle, new backpacks, various food items including several parcels full of nothing but cereals, (my kids loved "these super-sweet American cereals in those humongous boxes").
I am not going to charge you any money for the S&H. I have a ton of cardboard boxes, glue, tapes, Styrofoam and the like so I won't have to buy anything.
You would have to pay for the groceries only. I have no idea how, but I heard (never actually tried it out) that it should be possible via PayPal.
And last but not least, I hate to cook, don't like it and avoid it at all costs. Hence my talents as a grocery shopper are as low as they come.
I will need pictures of bags/boxes of the items you want me to buy.
Verbal explanations (text only) are going to cause a lot of confusion, because for me there is only one brand of everything that I eat and I am happy with the status quo.
Jewel store is the closest from the place I live. Dominick's has just closed its local stores and discontinued its operations here. Given instructions I can go somewhere else, too.
These pictures make me smile because I remember when I was in their shoes serving my mission. Families like yours will make a place in their hearts forever. My name is Ryan and I came across your blog while looking for families that have moved to Poland from the U.S. My family and I may be heading over there this fall and we are super nervous. I am debating on attending medical school in Poznan and taking my wife and two daughters (2&1/2, months) over there. We are thinking long and hard about the move and wondered if you have any advice? We have enjoyed reading your stories and thank you for sharing.
I am not going to lie it can be challenging to live here in Poland but there lots of perks though too! I am assuming you are LDS, there is a VERY small branch in Poznan with like 8 members, 1 senior couple(branch president) and one set of missionaries who do all the running of the branch mostly. We go every once and awhile down there because it is done in English. There is no primary so your kids would be it. Now as the medical school, I have a good friend here who is on her second year of med school but up here in Bydgoszcz. If you want I can have her contact you and she can tell what studying is like here in Poland. One thing I would really look into is how hard it is to get resident permits to live here for your wife and kids with you attending school and not working. We have issues and my husband works for who?
I am not sure what your source of income will be while attending school here in Poland but one thing to keep in mind is that it will be hard to find jobs here, so make sure you have a nest egg save before coming but the positive part is that this country is relatively cheap to live in.


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Confusion in Brindisi-Tenney House race exposes New York's election dysfunction
Updated Dec 05, 2020; Posted Dec 05, 2020
Claudia Tenney, a Republican from New Hartford, debates Rep. Anthony Brindisi, D-Utica, at a virtual editorial board meeting of syracuse.com/The Post-Standard, Friday Oct. 9, 2020.
By Mark Weiner | mweiner@syracuse.com
The undecided House race between Rep. Anthony Brindisi and Claudia Tenney has exposed deep flaws in New York's election system that undermine public faith in the state's electoral process, voting rights advocates say.
Those advocates say they will push for a series of state election reforms next year to make sure that the debacle in New York's 22nd Congressional District won't be repeated.
The vote count has been marked by a series of bizarre twists, including missing ballots that suddenly surfaced, lost sticky notes that had been attached to ballots, a lack of transparency and a frustrated judge – all calling into question the competency of election officials.
The Brindisi-Tenney race is the only one of 435 House seats nationwide that hasn't been decided, more than a month after Election Day.
Tenney leads Brindisi by only 12 votes – after more than 318,000 were cast – as the two sides head toward a showdown in court Monday. A judge will decide what to do about hundreds of ballots disputed by both campaigns.
The concerns voiced around the state about this race have nothing to do with the unfounded conspiracy theories President Donald Trump and his supporters have promoted after his loss to Joe Biden.
There is no evidence of fraud in the 22nd District election.
Instead, the problems in a very close and important race have called attention to systemic problems with speedy and transparent vote-counting in New York. And the count is calling into question the basic competencies of a handful of politically appointed local election officials in a few counties.
Voting rights advocates say the problems underscore the faults of a decentralized election system in New York that allows counties to set their own rules about how and when to start counting absentee ballots, and how much transparency they give to the process.
Those underlying problems were exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic, when a record number of New Yorkers took advantage of a new state law allowing any registered voter to obtain an absentee ballot and vote by mail.
"What calls out and screams for reform is that coming into the pandemic New York was not ready for prime time," said Jarret Berg, a New York election lawyer who works to expand voter access and transparency in elections. "We were not ready for hundreds of thousands of people to vote this way."
Over the past three weeks, there have been a series of turns in the counting of 60,000 absentee ballots in some of the eight counties in the 22nd District.
During that time, Brindisi erased Tenney's election night lead of 28,422 votes. As votes were counted and mistakes corrected, the two candidates took turns leading the unofficial vote tally.
Lawyers for both campaigns muddied the process by challenging the validity of at least 809 ballots, a total that continued to grow ahead of the court hearing.
In Oneida County, election officials lost sticky notes attached to a stack of ballots disputed by campaign lawyers. Election officials admitted in court that without the notes they had no way to explain the reasons why the ballots were challenged or if they had been counted.
Madison County election officials didn't make any markings on about 130 disputed absentee ballots, and instead gave the judge a spreadsheet that he couldn't figure out.
Neither county followed a state law that requires election officials to note the reasons for the objection in ink on the back of the ballots.
Even after the judge asked the eight counties to submit final vote totals this week, Herkimer County election officials said they had to correct an error. Brindisi picked up 10 votes and Tenney 35 votes.
Then Chenango County reported that it found 55 uncounted affidavit ballots that had been "mislaid" at the Board of Elections office.
All of the confusion prompted a frustrated state Supreme Court Justice Scott J. DelConte to declare in court that he didn't know how it would be possible to come up with an accurate vote count when some counties couldn't provide accurate information.
"It's just not possible to direct the Board of Election(s) on how to adjust the tally," DelConte said. "I'm not clairvoyant."
A root cause of the problem is New York's antiquated election law that gives a lot of authority to its counties to run their elections as they see fit, said Berg, the lawyer who helped lead the push for early voting in the state.
"We have 58 local boards of elections," Berg said. "All of these people try to do the right thing, but we can't have 58 different ways of tracking ballots and objections. In this congressional district, we have eight counties with eight different ways of doing things."
He also thinks it's a good time to examine the structure of those boards, which are staffed by political appointees from both major parties.
Instead, he said, those positions should probably be filled by professionals with experience in accounting, technology and related fields.
Other reform advocates say New York needs to change its law that prevents any absentee ballots from being counted until 10 days after an election.
The delayed process only encourages campaign lawyers to fight ballot-by-ballot over absentee votes in close elections, said Susan Lerner, executive director of New York Common Cause, which has pushed for voting reforms in the state.
By delaying the ballot count by more than a week, it gives lawyers more time to file what are often frivolous challenges that slow down the process, she said.
Lerner and Onondaga County Elections Commissioner Dustin Czarny say one change that could make a big difference would be to allow absentee ballots to be opened and scanned on the day they arrive at county election boards.
Czarny said the ballots should be treated the same as those cast by people who show up at the polls for New York's early voting period. Those ballots are scanned the same day. The votes become the first to be counted when the polls close on Election Day.
One reason that New York delays the opening of absentee ballots is to give voters a chance to change their minds by voting in person at the polls.
New York is among three states that still allow residents to vote in person after they cast an absentee ballot, canceling out the earlier vote, Lerner said, adding that would have to change. Voters would have to turn in their absentee ballots to vote in person at a polling site.
New York is behind the times and other large states like Florida that start counting absentee ballots on Election Day, said Danielle Lang, an election lawyer for the Campaign Legal Center in Washington, D.C.
"I think the lesson from this election in New York is that earlier is better," Lang said.
Lerner said Common Cause will also push next year to cut down on frivolous ballot challenges by lawyers, which she said complicated and slowed the process in the 22nd District.
Tenney's campaign disputed one paper ballot because it had an extra mark on it that lawyers said could be chocolate or blood. If it was blood, her lawyers maintained, the ballot should be disqualified because it could be used to identify the voter and violate the person's right to a secret ballot.
Tenney's lawyers also challenged almost 100 absentee ballots submitted at a dropbox on Election Day in Madison County because those ballots were timestamped the next day at the Board of Elections. State election officials had said in advance of the election that such ballots would be treated as valid.
The best way to reduce those challenges is transparency, Lerner said. She said New York lawmakers should pass a bill requiring all legal challenges to ballots to be made public in a database where voters can find out if someone is trying to cancel out their votes.
"That is going to put a damper on this nonsense," Lerner said. "If any campaign or party starts to raise a large number of bad-faith challenges, voters need to know."
Lerner and other advocates say the 58 county election boards in New York need to be given strict guidance on how to count absentee ballots and keep track of disputed ballots.
"There has been no uniformity because state law does not provide any guidance," Lerner said.
She added, "Counties are basically free to make up their own rules."
A statewide vote-tracking system for each absentee ballot – showing the ballot's status each step of the way – also would help eliminate some of the problems in the 22nd, said Jennifer Wilson, deputy director of the New York League of Women Voters.
Wilson said the state should develop a centralized system so voters can track their ballots. Election officials, too, would have certainty of each ballot's status.
Without that, "We're going to keep having the same problems over and over again," Wilson said.
The League of Women Voters also wants to streamline ballot-counting by giving more authority to a bipartisan team of election commissioners in each county, who would have the final word on whether a ballot is valid.
"I do think one of the biggest problems is our challenge process," Wilson said. "It's kind of ridiculous that in New York state any candidate and their lawyer can step in and challenge any ballot for any reason, even if the bipartisan commissioners ruled it's OK."
New York lawmakers this year passed a law that could have solved a lot of problems in the election between Brindisi and Tenney, taking the case and disputed ballots out of the hands of the judge.
The law requires a full hand recount of all ballots in elections where the margin of victory is 0.5% or less. Brindisi and Tenney are separated by less than 0.1%. But the law does not take effect until January.
Despite their political differences, Brindisi, D-Utica, and Tenney, a Republican from New Hartford, agree that New York needs to fix its broken election system.
Brindisi said he would like to see the state make changes to improve the process.
"Everything that could have gone wrong has gone on here in terms of administrative issues," Tenney told state Assemblyman Kieran Lalor on his podcast Tuesday.
"When are we going to wake up and realize that our system looks like a third-world voting system?" Tenney said. "I mean, you get more efficient results coming out of countries that don't have anywhere near the sophistication that we do."
Patrick Lohmann contributed to this report.
MORE ON THE 2020 ELECTION
Claudia Tenney asks judge to dismiss lawsuit, declare her winner over Rep. Anthony Brindisi
Brindisi-Tenney election could be decided by 809 disputed ballots
Chenango County finds 55 uncounted votes in Brindisi-Tenney House race
Tenney leads Brindisi by 12 in first official vote count in House election
3 people voted by mail in Brindisi-Tenney race, then died. What happens to their votes?
NY-22 race shrouded in secrecy, confusion as campaigns battle over ballots
Got a tip, comment or story idea? Contact Mark Weiner anytime by: Email | Twitter | Facebook | 571-970-3751


The 96"H x 150"L x 90"D large outdoor cat cage is a Suncatcher configured enclosure with wire or glass panels and optional background images. Accessory options include rotating feeding stations, cedar outdoor friendly tarzan cat tree condo, cedar and carpeted catwalks and cat shelves. Cat accessories are sold separately.


Brightidea Submission Statuses allow the administrator to easily track and maintain all ideas in their Pipeline(s).
As ideas move through the Innovation Pipeline, some are stopped, some are paused, while some remain active and therefore keep moving forward. Active ideas can move all the way to the end of the Pipeline and ultimately be completed successfully.
From Brightidea's perspective, we also want to learn from our customer's success and failures to be able to better advise them in the future, and build better tools to support their needs and guide them to make the best possible decisions!
The system status mapping allows quick and efficient tracking of ideas throughout the entire Brightidea Platform.
Note, the "Stopped" status is required when using the New Brightidea Fall 2014 release!
To delete a status, select the red "X" next to the appropriate status row.
Note, the system will automatically check for ideas in the status which is being deleted and require the Administrator to migrate those ideas to another status!
Select the new status for those ideas and select "Delete Status" to proceed.
Also note that you must configure your email template for your reason on the Enterprise level.


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Popular iOS Apps Found To Secretly Record Your iPhone Screen, Put Your Personal Data At Risk
Vincent Lanaria, Tech Times 06 February 2019, 11:02 pm
Plenty of popular iOS apps have been caught recording iPhone users' screens without their consent.
Called "session replay" technology, it allows developers to record the displays of users to see activity and interactions with their apps to iron out bugs or something along those lines. However, it's also putting sensitive information at risk, such as credit card info and the like.
Intrusive iOS Apps
According to an investigation carried out by TechCrunch, the culprit in this case is Glassbox. It's described as a "customer experience analytics firm," which said in a now-deleted tweet, "Imagine if your website or mobile app could see exactly what your customers do in real time, and why they did it? This is no longer a hypothetical question, but a real possibility."
The apps involved with the aforementioned company are from airlines, hotel and travel services, banks, financiers, retailers, and even carriers. Specifically, the technology news website mentions Air Canada, Hotels.com, Abercrombie & Fitch, and Singapore Airlines, to name a few.
With session replay, TechCrunch says that developers can get a recording of users' "every tap, button push, and keyboard entry." It also says that these apps don't make this clear in their privacy policies and whatnot, and from what can be gathered, they don't receive user consent to employ this practice.
Evidence Of The Potential Dangers
The App Analyst, which TechCrunch cites in its report, discovered that Air Canada doesn't mask session replays properly. In other words, personal info, such as passport numbers and credit card information, of its app's users are inadvertently exposed to the company's employees and anyone else who have access to the playback data collected.
"This gives Air Canada employees — and anyone else capable of accessing the screenshot database — to see unencrypted credit card and password information," The App Analyst told TechCrunch.
To make matters worse, Air Canada confirmed that it had been the victim of a data breach in August 2018 that affected 20,000 profiles.
It's no mystery that companies and apps are out to gather data like this, but it becomes worrisome when it's in the hands of a firm or service provider that doesn't have secure measures in place.
Tags: Apple iOS iPhone Cybersecurity Data Privacy
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June 22, 2022 @ 8:30 am - 11:30 am Kids Save the World Camp Ages 9-12
Kids Save the World Camp Ages 9-12
Do you know a child who would love to make a difference? Kids are invited to join the Joseph Moore Museum for our summer camps: Kids Save the World! June...
Do you know a child who would love to make a difference? Kids are invited to join the Joseph Moore Museum for our summer camps: Kids Save the World! June 20-24: Ages 9-12 This week-long, half-day camp will run Monday through Friday, 8:30-11:30am. Cost per child: $80 Kids will explore a different science-related, worldwide problem...
The Museum is Open 1-5 Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Free planetarium shows, live animal visits, and exhibits. And don't forgot WOW Wednesday with a fun new activity each week!
Step into adventure and discovery with Little Explorers at the Joseph Moore Museum! On Mondays this summer, 10am-noon, you can join us for themed storytime, crafts, and museum exploration for ages 5 and under! Little Explorers is FREE & open to the public. Feel free to stop by anytime between 10am and noon. Storytime will...
The Museum is Open 1-5pm Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Free planetarium shows, live animal visits, and exhibits. And don't forgot WOW Wednesday with a fun new activity each week!
Survival in Back Campus
July 1, 2022 @ 7:30 pm Giant Beaver Rescue Game
When an arsonist burned the museum in 1924, students ran into the burning building and saved our giant beaver and other important specimens. Now it's your turn to rescue the beaver before the museum goes up in flames! This game takes place in the museum's upper floor using elements from our exhibits, the museum archives...
July 1, 2022 @ 7:30 pm Seek the Scarab — Egypt Escape Game
PLEASE NOTE: on October 14 and15 the game will begin at 8pm to accommodate EC Homecoming EVENT An international research team arrives in 60 MINUTES to learn more about Ta'an, the mummy, but we're missing one of the scarabs that should be found over her eye! A previous museum director kept the precious scarab hidden...
July 3, 2022 @ 1:00 pm - 5:00 pm Museum Open Hours


From time to time at Grace to You we have the bittersweet duty to bid farewell to a faithful servant whom the Lord has called to another ministry. We recently said goodbye to Travis Allen, who has been called to pastor Grace Church in Greeley, Colorado. And after fourteen years of faithful service at Grace to You, it's appropriate to recognize how the Lord has used Travis for the sake of His kingdom.
Since he started at Grace to You in September of 2000, Travis has worked at virtually every level of the ministry. He was first responsible for producing the physical cassette tapes and CDs of John MacArthur's sermons. He then moved into the critical role of broadcast editor, preparing John MacArthur's sermons for radio. In 2004, when the ministry recognized the need to give greater attention to its Internet ministry, Travis was tapped to lead and oversee that newly-formed department. The ensuing years revealed the quality of his character and leadership, and in 2012 Travis was promoted to Managing Director, leading the day-to-day operations of the entire ministry.
While you might not be familiar with Travis's name, you have certainly benefited from his ministry at Grace to You. The blog you're currently reading is just one example of how he has worked tirelessly to extend the reach of John MacArthur's teaching online. He led the development of our website's first major redesign, which amounted to a colossal upgrade. That upgrade became the foundation for what the world knows today as gty.org. And in 2008, he played a pivotal role in the decision to open the Grace to You sermon vault, making over forty years of John MacArthur's Bible teaching available free of charge.
In short, Travis's fingerprints are all over Grace to You, particularly our Internet ministry. And because his faithfulness continues to bear fruit in so many lives around the world, we wanted to publicly thank him for his service to the Lord, and offer you an opportunity to do the same in the comments below.
We love you, Travis, and we'll be forever grateful for your friendship, leadership, and for all the Lord has accomplished through you in your time with us. God's richest blessings to you and your dear family.


text:
\section{Introduction}

At present to investigate and construct a contemporary picture of
nuclear matter structure requires to develop new methods and
approaches.

Since 80's the Quark-Gluon Plasma conception has undergone a lot
of changes after the experiments carried out at CERN (SPS) and BNL
(RHIC). Different approaches are used to explain extraordinary
phenomena in behavior of the new matter produced at high energy of
nuclear collisions  \cite{WhPa}.

Still there is no single theory nor the model that could explain
all the results obtained at RHIC and SPS. We would like to find a
solution for this difficult problem by using multiparticle
production (MP) in hadron and nucleus interactions. Up to now the
nature of "soft" hadronic events has not been fully understood.

A new way to investigate MP at high energy is offered in this work
by means of construction a model based on the multiplicity
distribution (MD) description using the QCD and phenomenological
scheme of hadronisation. The model description of MD in $e^+e^-$
annihilation is given in section 2. The application of this model
approach to pp-interaction can be found in section 3.

\section{MD for $e^+e^-$-annihilation at high energies}

The $e^+e^-$ annihilation is one of the most suitable to study MP.
It can be realized through the formation of virtual $\gamma$ or
$Z^0$--boson which then decays into two quarks:
\begin{equation}
\label{1} e^+e^-\rightarrow(Z^0/\gamma)\rightarrow q\bar q.
\end{equation}
The $e^+e^-$--reaction is simple for analysis, as the produced
state is pure $q\overline q$. It is usually difficult to determine
the quark species on the event-by-event basis. The experimental
results are averaged over the quark type. Perturbative QCD (pQCD)
may be applied to describe the process of parton fission (quarks
and gluons) at big virtuality, because strong coupling $\alpha_s$
is small. This stage can be called as the stage of cascade. When
partons get small virtuality, they change into hadrons, which we
observe. At this stage we can not apply pQCD. Therefore
phenomenological models are used to describe hadronisation in this
case.

Parton spectra the quark and gluon fission in QCD were studied by
K.~Konishi, A.~Ukawa and G.~Veneciano. The probabilistic nature of
the problem has been established \cite{KUV} while working at the
leading logarithm approximation and avoiding IR divergences by
considering finite $x$. Studying MP at high energy we used ideas
of A.~Giovannini~\cite{GIO} to describe  quark-gluon jets as
Markov branching processes. Giovannini proposed to interpret the
natural QCD evolution parameter $Y=\frac{1}{2\pi
b}\ln[1+\alpha_{s} b\ln(\frac{Q^2}{\mu^2})]$ , where $2\pi
b=\frac{1}{6}(11N_C-2N_f)$ for a theory with $N_C$ colours, $N_f$
flavours and virtuality $Q$ as the thickness of the jets and their
development as the Markov process.

Three elementary processes contribute into QCD jets: (1) gluon
fission; (2) quark bremsstrahlung and (3) quark pair production.
Let $A\Delta Y$ be the probability that gluon will convert into
two gluons in the infinitesimal interval $\Delta Y$,
$\widetilde{A}\Delta Y$ be the probability that  quark will
radiate a gluon, and $B\Delta Y$ be the probability that a
quark-antiquark pair will be produced from a gluon. A.Giovannini
constructed a system of differential equations for generating
functions (GF) of quark $Q^{(q)}$ and gluon $Q^{(g)}$ jets
$$
\frac{dQ^{(q)}}{dY}=\tilde{A}Q^{(q)}(Q^{(g)}-1), \quad
\frac{dQ^{(g)}}{dY}=A(Q^{(g)2}-Q^{(g)})+B(Q^{(q)2}-Q^{(g)})
$$
and obtained explicit solutions of MD in the case $B=0$ (process
of quark pair production is absent)
\begin{equation}
\label{4} P_{0}^P(Y)=\left (\frac{k_p}{k_p+\overline m}\right
)^{k_p}, P_{m}^P(Y)=\frac{k_p(k_p+1)\dots(k_p+
m-1)}{m!}\left(\frac{\overline m} {\overline
m+k_p}\right)^{m}\left( \frac{k_p}{k_p+\overline m}\right)^{k_p},
\end{equation}
where $k_p=\widetilde A/A$, $\overline m=k_p (e^{AY}-1)$ is the
mean gluon multiplicity. These MD are known as negative binomial
distribution (NBD). The GF for them is
\begin{equation}
\label{6} Q^{(q)}(z,Y)=\sum\limits_{m=0}^{\infty} z^{m} P_{m}(Y)=
 \left[1+ \overline m/k_p (1-z)\right]^{-k_p}.
\end{equation}

Two Stage Model (TSM) \cite{TSM} was taken (\ref{4}) to describe
the cascade stage and added with a sub narrow binomial
distribution for the hadronisation stage. We have chosen it basing
on the analysis of experimental data in $e^+e^-$- annihilation
lower than 9 GeV. Second correlation moments were negative at this
energy. The choice of such distributions was the only one that
could describe the experiment. We suppose  that the hypothesis of
soft decoloration is right. Therefore we add the hadronisation
stage to the parton stage for the sake of its factorization. MD in
this process can be written as follows:
\begin{equation}
\label{7} P_n(s)=\sum\limits_mP^P_mP_n^H(m,s),
\end{equation}
where $P_m^P$ is MD for partons (\ref{4}), $P_n^H(m,s)$ - MD for
hadrons produced from $m$ partons at the stage of hadronisation.
Further we substitute variable $Y$ on a center of masses energy
$\sqrt s$. MD of hadrons $P_n^H$ formed from one parton and their
GF $Q^H_p(z)$ are \cite{TSM}
\begin{equation}
\label{12} P_n^H=C^n_{N_p}\left(\frac{\overline n^h_p}
{N_p}\right)^n\left(1-\frac{\overline n_p^h}
{N_p}\right)^{N_p-n},\quad Q^H_p=\left[1+\frac{\overline n^h_p}
{N_p}(z-1)\right]^{N_p},
\end{equation}
where $C_{N_p}^n$ - binomial coefficient, $\overline n^h_p$ and
$N_p$ ($p=q,g$) have a sense of mean multiplicity and maximum of
secondary hadrons are formed from parton at the stage of
hadronisation.

 MD of hadrons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation are
determined by convolution of two stages (cascade and
hadronisation)
\begin{equation}
\label{13} P_n(s)=\sum\limits_{m=o}^{\infty}
P_m^P\frac{1}{n!}\frac{\partial^n}{\partial z^n}
(Q^H)^{2+m}|_{z=0},
\end{equation}
where $2+m$ is the total number of partons (two quarks and $m$
gluons).

We introduce parameter $\alpha=N_g/N_q$ to distinguish the
hadrons, produced from quark or gluon. Also we have carried out
simplification for designation $N=N_q$, $\overline n^h=\overline
n^h_q$. Introducing expressions (\ref{4}), (\ref{12}) in
(\ref{13}) and differentiating on $z$, we obtain MD of hadrons in
the process of $e^+e^-$ annihilation in TSM
\begin{equation}
\label{15} P_n(s)= \sum\limits_{m=0} ^{M_g}P_m^PC^n_{(2+\alpha
m)N} \left(\frac{\overline n^h} {N}\right)^n\left(1-\frac
{\overline n^h}{N}\right)^{(2 +\alpha m)N-n}.
\end{equation}

The results of comparison of expression (\ref{15}) with
experimental data \cite{DAT} are shown in Figs. 1-2. We have
obtained that MD in TSM (solid curve) describe well the
experimental $e^+e^-$-data from $14$ to $189$ GeV \cite{NPCS}. The
mean gluon multiplicity $\overline m$ has a tendency to rise, but
lower than the logarithmic curve. Values $k_p$ remain $\sim 10$ at
almost all energies. One of the most interesting physical senses
of this parameter is temperature $T$\cite{TEM}: $T\sim k_p^{-1}$.

The next picture of the hadronisation stage is discovered in
conformity with parameters of the second stage: $N$, $\overline
n^h$ and $\alpha$ . The first parameter $N$ determines the maximum
number of hadrons, which can be formed from quark while its
passing through this stage. We can imagine that fission is
continuous but process (3) (formation $q\bar q$~pair) becomes
comparable with the other ones (1),(2). We can not reveal a steady
energy rise or fall for $N$.

The second parameter $\overline n^h$ has a sense of the mean
hadron multiplicity from quark at the second stage. We have found
out the tendency to a weak rise with big scattering. The value of
$\overline n^h$ is about $5-6$ in the research region. A possible
explanation of these rocks for $N$ and $\overline n^h$: only two
initial quarks exist among a lot of newly born gluons at the
beginning of hadronisation.

The last parameter $\alpha$ was introduced to compare the quark
and gluon hadronisation. It is equal to $0.2$ with some
deviations. If we know $\alpha$, then we can determine $N_g=\alpha
N$ and $\overline n_g^h= \alpha \overline n^h$ for gluon. It is
surprising that gluon parameters remain constant without
considerable deviations in spite of the indirect finding: $N_g\sim
3-4$ and $\overline n_g^h\sim 1$ (Fig. 3-4). Therefore we can
confirm the universality of gluon hadronisation. The fact that
$\alpha <1$ shows that hadronisation of gluons is softer than that
of quarks.

It was shown \cite{OSC} that the ratio of factorial cumulative
moments $K_q$ over factorial moments $F_q$ changes the sign as a
function of the order. We use MD formed in TSM to explain this
phenomenon. $F_q$ and $K_q$ are obtained from the relations
\begin{equation}
\label{17} F_q=\sum\limits_{n=q}^{\infty} n(n-1)\dots(n-q+1)P_n,
\quad K_q=F_q-\sum\limits_{i=1}^{q-1}C_{q-i}^{i} K_{q-i}F_i .
\end{equation}
The ratio of their quantities is $H_q=K_q/F_q$. The generating
function for MD of hadrons (\ref{15}) in $e^+e^-$ annihilation
Q(z) is the convolution
\begin{equation}
\label{20} Q(z)=\sum\limits_{m=0}P_m^g[Q_g^H(z)]^m Q^2_q(z)=
Q^g(Q^H_g(z))Q^2_q(z).
\end{equation}
We calculate $F_q$ and $K_q$ in TSM, by using (\ref{20}) and the
sought-for expression for $H_q$ will be \cite{NPCS}
\begin{equation}
\label{26} H_q=\frac{\sum\limits_{m=1}k_p\alpha m (\alpha
m-\frac{1}{N})\dots(\alpha m-\frac{q-1} {N})(\frac{\overline
m}{\overline m+k_p})^m\frac{1}{m}- 2(-1)^q\frac{(q-1)!}{N^{q-1}}}
{\sum\limits_{m=0}(2+\alpha m)(2+\alpha m-
\frac{1}{N})\dots(2+\alpha m-\frac{q-1}{N})P_m}.
\end{equation}
The comparison with experimental data \cite{OSC} has shown that
(\ref{26}) describes the ratio of factorial moments (Fig. 5). The
minimum is seen at $q=5$. We have obtained that in the region
before $Z^0$ (91.4 GeV), $H_q$ oscillates in the sign only with
the period equal to $2$ and changes the sign with parity $q$. At
higher energies the period is increased to $4$. It can be
explained by influence of a more developed cascade of partons with
narrow hadronisation.

\section{MD in $pp$-interactions}

The study of MD in $pp$ interactions is implemented in the
framework of the project "Thermalization". This project is aimed
at studying the collective behavior of secondary particles in
proton-proton interactions at 70 GeV/c \cite{THE}. On the basis of
the present understanding of hadron physics, protons consist of
quarks and gluons. After the inelastic collision the part of the
energy of the initial motive protons are transformed to the inside
energy. Several quarks and gluons become free. Our model study has
shown that quark branching of initial protons in pp interactions
is almost absent from 70 to 800 GeV/c. MP are realized by active
gluons. Domination of gluons was first proposed by S. ~Pokorski
and L.~Van ~Hove \cite{PVH}.

Our choice of the MP model is based on comparison with the
experimental partial cross section $\sigma (n_{ch})$ in $pp$
interaction at 70 GeV/c on the U-70 accelerator~\cite{BAB} and the
present picture of strong interactions.

At the beginning of 90s a successful description of MD at this
energy was realized by the quark model (Fig. 6) \cite{CHI}. This
model suggests that one proton quark pair, two pairs or three can
collide and fragment into hadron jets. MD in quark jets were
described by Poisson. Second correlation moments of charged
particles for MD in this model will be always negative. It is
known they are become positive at higher energies. In this model
gluons are absent. The calculation by the MC PHYTHIA code has
shown that the standard generator predicts a value of the cross
section which is in a reasonably good agreement with the
experimental data at small multiplicity ($n_{ch}<10$) but it
underestimates the value $\sigma(n_{ch})$ by two orders of the
magnitude at $n_{ch}=18$ (Fig. 6).

We have managed to build a scheme of hadron interactions to
describe MD with the quark-gluon language as well as to
investigate the high multiplicity region. The mentioned models are
very much sensitive in this region.

We consider that at the early stage of $pp$ interactions the
initial quarks and gluons take part in the formation of
quark-gluon system (QGS). They can give branches. We offer two
model schemes. In the first scheme we study hadroproduction with
account of the parton fission inside the QGS and build the two
stage model with branch (TSMB). If we are not interested in what
is going inside QGS, we come to the thermodynamical model (TSTM).
Onward we name models involving active gluons into hadroproduction
as the gluon dominance models (GDM) \cite{MGD}.

We begin our MD analysis with the scheme of branch. MD for quark
and gluon jets may be described NBD and Farry distributions
\cite{GIO}, accordingly. On the hadronisation stage we have taken
a binomial distribution (\ref{12}). As in TSM we have used a
hypothesis of soft decoloration for quarks and gluons at their
while passing of this stage and add the hadronisation stage to the
branch one by means of factorization
\begin{equation}
\label{27} P_n(s)=\sum\limits_{m} P_m^P(s)P_n^H(m),
\end{equation}
where $P_n(s)$ - resulting MD of hadrons, $P_m^P$ - MD of partons
(quarks and gluons), $P_n^H(m)$~- MD of hadrons (second stage)
from $m$ partons. Generating function (GF) for MD in hadron
interactions is determined by convolution of two stages:

\begin{equation}
\label{28} Q(s,z)=\sum\limits_{m}P_m^P(s)\left(Q^H(z)\right)^m=
Q^P(s,Q^H(z)),
\end{equation}
where $Q^H$ and $Q^P$ are GF for MD at hadronisation stage and in
QGS.

At the beginning of research we took model where some of quarks
and gluons from protons participate in the production of hadrons.
Parameters of that model had values which differed very much from
parameters obtained in $e^+e^-$- annihilation, especially
hadronisation parameters. It was one of the main reasons to refuse
the scheme with active quarks. After that we chose the model where
quarks of protons did not take part in the production of hadrons,
but remained inside of the leading particles. All of the newly
born hadrons were formed by gluons. We name these gluons active.
They could give a branch before hadronisation.

It is important to know how much active gluons are into QGS at the
first time after the impact of protons. We can assume that their
number may change from zero and higher. It is analogous with the
impact parameter for nucleus. Only in the case of elastic
scattering the active gluons are absent. The simplest MD to
describe the active gluons formed in the moment of impact is the
Poisson distribution $P_k= e^{-\overline k} \overline k^k/{k!}$,
where $k$ and $\overline k$ are the number and mean multiplicities
of active gluons, correspondingly.

To describe MD in the gluon cascade formed by the branch process
of $k$ active gluons, we have used the Farry distribution
\cite{GIO}
\begin{equation}
\label{30} P_m^B(s)= \frac{1}{\overline
m^k}\left(1-\frac{1}{\overline m} \right)^{m-k}\cdot \frac
{(m-1)(m-2)\cdots (m-k+1)} {(k-1)!},
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{31} P_m^B(s)=\frac {1}{\overline m }\left (1-\frac
{1}{\overline m}\right)^{m-1},
\end{equation}
at $k>1$ - (\ref{30})  and at $k=1$ - (\ref{31}). m and $\overline
m$ are the number of secondary gluons and mean multiplicites of
them (averaged to all gluons). Expressions (\ref{30})-(\ref{31})
have been obtained from the assumption about the independent
branch of gluons
\begin{equation}
\label{33} Q_k^B= (Q_1^B)^k =\frac{z^k}{\overline m^k}\left[1-z
\left(1-\frac{1}{\overline m} \right)\right]^{-k},\quad Q_1^B=
\frac{z}{\overline m}\left[1-z \left(1-\frac{1}{\overline m}
\right)\right]^{-1}.
\end{equation}
In the case $k=0$ (the impact was elastic and active gluons are
absent) MD of hadrons in pp-scattering is equal to
$P_2^{el}(s)=e^{-\overline k}$.

On the second stage some of active gluons may leave QGS and
transform to real hadrons. We can name that gluons "evaporated".
Let us introduce parameter $\delta$ as the ratio of evaporated
gluons, leaving QGS, to all active gluons, which may transform to
hadrons. Our binomial distributions for MD of hadrons from the
evaporated gluons on the stage of hadronisation are

\begin{equation}
\label{34} P_n^H(m)= C^{n-2}_{\delta  mN}\left(\frac{\overline
n^h} {N}\right)^{n-2}\left(1-\frac{\overline n^h}
{N}\right)^{\delta mN-(n-2)}.
\end{equation}
In this expression the gluon parameters are $\overline n^h$ and
$N$ (without index "g") which have the same meaning that of the
quark parameters. An effect of two leading protons is also taken
into account. GF for MD (\ref{34}) has the following form:

\begin{equation}
\label{35} Q_m^H= \left (Q_1^H \right )^{\delta m}= \left
[1-\frac{\overline n^h}{N}\left ( 1-z \right ) \right ]^{\delta
mN}, \quad Q^H_1=\left [1-\frac{\overline n^h}{N}(1-z) \right
]^{N}.
\end{equation}

MD of hadrons in the process of proton-proton scattering in two
stage gluon model with branch (TSMB) is

$$
P_n(s)= \sum\limits_{k=1}^{MK}\frac{e^ {-\overline k} \overline
k^k}{k!}\sum\limits_{m=k}^{MG} \frac {1}{\overline m^k} \frac
{(m-1)(m-2)\dots(m-k+1)}{(k-1)!} \cdot
$$

\begin{equation}
\label{37} \cdot \left(1-\frac{1}{ \overline m}\right)^{m-k}
C^{n-2}_{\delta mN}\left(\frac{\overline n^h}
{N}\right)^{n-2}\left(1-\frac{\overline n^h} {N}\right)^{\delta
mN-(n-2)}.
\end{equation}

In comparison with experimental data \cite{BAB} the numbers of
gluons in sums on $k$ and $m$ were restricted by values $MK$ and
$MG$ as the maximal possible number of gluons on the transition.
For comparison we have taken the data at $69$ GeV/c because they
do not differ from data at $70$ GeV/c \cite{BAB}. $\chi^2/$ndf in
are equal to about $\sim 1/3$ at $70$ GeV/c and $\sim 5$ at $69$
GeV/c and the parameters are similar. We obtained $N=40$(fix),
$\overline m=2.61 \pm 0.08$, $\delta = 0.47 \pm 0.01$, $\overline
k=2.53 \pm 0.05$, $\overline n^h=2.50 \pm 0.29$ from the
comparison with \cite{BAB} . We can conclude that the branch
processes are absent, since parameters $\overline m$ and
$\overline k$ are equal to the errors. The fraction of the
evaporated gluons is equal to 0.47. A maximal possible number of
hadrons from the gluon looks very much like the number of partons
in the glob of cold quark-gluon plasma of L.Van Hove \cite{LVH}.
The gluon branch should be very active inside of QGS. At the fixed
parameter of hadronisation $\overline n^h$ equal to $1.63$ (see
below the thermodynamic model) the fraction of the evaporated
gluons $\delta$ is about 0.73. After the evaporation the part of
active gluons do not convert into hadrons. They stay in QGS and
become sources of soft photons (SP). Further we will analyze the
experimental effect of SP excess (it is impossible to describe
them by means QED).
\begin{figure}
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{GG91-AA.EPS}
\caption{MD at 91.4 GeV.} \label{1dfig}
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{GG189-AA.EPS}
\caption{MD at 189 GeV.} \label{2dfig}
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{ALPN-AA.EPS}
\caption{$N_g=\alpha N_q$.} \label{3dfig}
\end{minipage}
\end{figure}

In the thermodynamic model without branches the active gluons
which appear in the moment of the impact may leave QGS and
fragment to hadrons. We consider that active gluons evaporated
from QGS have Poisson MD with a mean multiplicity $\overline m$.
Using the idea of the convolution of two stages (\ref{27}) as well
as the binomial distribution for hadrons from gluons we obtain MD
of hadrons in pp-collisions in framework of the two stage
thermodynamic model (TSTM):
\begin{equation}
\label{38} P_n(s)=\sum\limits_{m=0}^{ME}\frac{e^{-\overline m}
\overline m^m}{m!} C^{n-2}_{mN}\left(\frac{\overline n^h}
{N}\right)^{n-2}\left(1-\frac{\overline n^h} {N}\right)^{mN-(n-2)}
(n>2),
\end{equation}
$P_2^{el}(s)=e^{-\overline m}$. Our comparison (\ref{38}) with the
experimental data \cite{BAB} (see Fig. 8) gives values of
parameters $N=4.24 \pm 0.13$, \quad $\overline m=2.48 \pm 0.20$,
\quad $\overline n^h=1.63\pm 0.12$, and the normalized factor
$\Omega =2$ with $\chi ^2/$ndf $\sim 1/2$. We are restricted in
sum~(\ref{38}) $ME=6$ (the maximal possible number of evaporated
gluons from QGS). The found gluon parameters $N$ and $\overline
n^h$ agree with the values of these parameters obtained at the
$e^+e^-$ annihilation \cite{NPCS}. From TSTM the maximal possible
number of charged particles is $26$. This quantity is the product
of maximal multiplicities of active gluons and of the maximal
number of hadrons forming from one gluon $ME \cdot N$. In TSMB
there are no restrictions of this sort.
\begin{figure}
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{ALPNH-AA.EPS}
\caption{$\overline n_g^h=\alpha \overline n_q^h$ .}
\label{13dfig}
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{KK189-AA.EPS}
\caption{$H_q$ at 189 GeV.} \label{14dfig}
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[b]{.3\linewidth}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth, height=2in, angle=0]{sigma4ne-A.EPS}
\caption{$\sigma (n)$ in $pp$.} \label{15dfig}
\end{minipage}
\end{figure}

{\it Project "Thermalization" is partially supported by RFBR grant
03-02-16869}.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv