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Our punctuality, courteousness, and mindfulness about not leaving a mess or causing a hassle ensure that we are a favourite among customers not only for our excellent services, but also for our customer-focused ethos as 24 hour plumbers Flemington.
The Drainfast team are proud to be counted as leaders in the delivery of emergency plumber Flemington services. Our team of blocked drain and drain cleaning plumbers are ready to make their way to your home or business at the drop of a hat, regardless of the day or time, be it late at night or on a public holiday, times that are notoriously difficult to get a hold of a plumber here in Melbourne, Drainfast is ready at any time on 365 days a year.
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Drain cleaning is one of the most crucial duties of a qualified blocked drain Flemington 24 hour plumber. Our home's plumbing systems are required to handle a lot of volume and stress, and minor clogs can build up and cause extensive damage and even localised flooding.
We are able to diagnose and repair any blocked drains, blocked sewers, blocked wastewater or stormwater drains with our special tools and experience. Your 24 hour plumber Flemington can also explain to you how to take proper care of your home's plumbing systems to minimise the risk of a blocked drain reoccurring.
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text:
Overpowered Borussia Dortmund Fall to Bayer Leverkusen
Fans of Borussia Dortmund will go into the international break with a sour taste in their mouths after a 2-0 defeat at Bayer Leverkusen saw them miss the chance to go eight points clear of the Rhinelanders and close the gap to Bayern Munich to one point.
(Lars Baron/Bongarts/Getty Images)
Head coach Thomas Tuchel remembered last season's slugfest at the BayArena and made a number of changes to his side after the 2-2 draw with Real Madrid in midweek, anticipating a high-intensity pressing battle. Marcel Schmelzer, who had looked dead on his feet toward the end of Tuesday's match, Mario Götze, who still isn't ready to play intense matches in quick succession, made way for Sebastian Rode and Christian Pulisic, with Rode taking a spot in central midfield, pushing Raphael Guerreiro to left-back.
Interestingly, the Portugal international started off in a hybrid role, moving to central midfield in possession in order to facilitate the buildup play.
Leverkusen came at Dortmund hard, as is Roger Schmidt's coaching style. Much like RB Leipzig had done so successfully, Leverkusen doubled Julian Weigl and thus threw a wrench in the Black and Yellows' attacking display.
The 21-year-old didn't look comfortable and lost the ball a number of times, even if his final stats look very solid. With their principal buildup player taken out of the game effectively, Dortmund struggled to create anything going forward and invited Leverkusen to pounce on loose balls and inaccurate passes.
One such instance led to the first chance of the game, a Chicharito header expertly saved by Roman Bürki. The Mexican striker had found a crease between Matthias Ginter, who once again replaced Marc Bartra in central defence, and Guerreiro.
Mixed Zone Interviews: Bayer Leverkusen – Borussia Dortmund
The following corner after 10 minutes would turn out to be the decisive moment in the match. Weigl half slipped and half was pushed to the ground by Admir Mehmedi, with the Switzerland international scoring from a free header as a consequence.
The early goal played into Leverkusen's cards. The home team ceded possession to Dortmund and pressured the opposition not too high up the pitch, winning the ball in their own territory more often than not. As a result, the Black and Yellows had about 70 per cent possession for large portions of the match but failed to convert that optical dominance into any real scoring chances.
Die Werkself remained dangerous from counter-attacks and set pieces and took a deserved lead into the half-time break.
Tuchel tried to reinvigorate his team with two substitutions, as Schmelzer and Emre Mor came on for Pulisic and Gonzalo Castro. Both the American and the 29-year-old long-time Leverkusen man had been virtually invisible in the first period.
Unfortunately, the game didn't change with the subs. Dortmund still had no idea how to advance the ball into dangerous spots, and whenever they did manage that, wrong decisions or little inaccuracies stopped the efforts in their tracks. Ousmane Dembele was especially frustrating to watch, the young Frenchman had without question his worst game in a yellow shirt to this point.
It was one of those games where it felt like Dortmund wouldn't score if it went on for five hours and, at some point, a second goal for Leverkusen would come. That happened in the 79th minute, with Chicharito getting on the end of a Hakan Calhanoglu ball across the face of goal.
(PATRIK STOLLARZ/AFP/Getty Images)
The Black and Yellows did find the net through Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang shortly before the end of regulation, but, in a sign of what kind of day it was, he was correctly ruled to have been offside by the length of a shoe.
Overall, it was a thoroughly deserved victory for Leverkusen. The hosts bullied Dortmund throughout the match, walking the tightrope between being clever and unfair. Central midfielder Charles Aranguiz could easily have been sent off, as could Calhanoglu for a cynical foul on Lukasz Piszczek with the game already decided, but it's up to Dortmund to find the answers to this physical playing style on the pitch if the referee allows it.
Dortmund's inability to cope with high-intensity pressure and physicality has been a common theme for years and throughout Tuchel's tenure at the Westfalenstadion. We can safely assume that other Bundesliga opponents will adopt the same approach, starting with Hertha BSC on Matchday 7 after the international break.
Tags bayer bayer leverkusen borussia dortmund bvb charles aranguiz chicharito Christian Pulisic Emre Mor gonzalo castro hakan calhanoglu julian weigl lukasz piszczek Marcel Schmelzer mario götze Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang Raphael Guerreiro Sebastian Rode thomas tuchel

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Army of Kentucky (USA)
Formed on October 7, 1862, the Army of Kentucky served for eight months in the states of Kentucky and Tennessee, before being disbanded on June 8, 1863.
On October 7, 1862, Major General Horatio Wright, commanding Department of the Ohio, issued Special Order No. 51, assigning Major General Gordon Granger to command the newly created Army of Kentucky. [Library of Congress]
Origin of the Army
On October 7, 1862, Major General Horatio Wright, commanding the Department of the Ohio, issued Special Order No. 51, assigning Major General Gordon Granger to command the newly created Army of Kentucky.
Wright's orders specified that Granger's command would include, "all of the forces now operating in Kentucky on the line of the Licking River, extending from the Ohio River southward in the direction of Lexington." Wright went on to state that, "As new regiments, detachments, batteries, &c, arrive from the several states of this department they will be incorporated into and organized with the forces of his command already assembled."
On October 31, 1862, Granger reported that he had 19,751 enlisted men and 939 officers present for duty.
Transfer to Department of the Cumberland
On January 20, 1863, Wright sent Granger and most of the Army of the Kentucky, "to the Department of the Cumberland, to operate with the forces within that department." Brigadier-General Absalom Baird's division fought at the Battle of Thompson's Station in Williamson County, Tennessee on March 5, 1863. One month later, the Army of Kentucky defeated Confederate General Earl Van Dorn's forces at the Battle of Franklin (also known as the Battle of Harpeth River) on April 10, 1863.
Dissolution of the Army
On June 8, 1863, Major General William S. Rosecrans, commanding the Department of the Cumberland, issued Special Field Order No. 156, reorganizing most of the units comprising the Army of the Kentucky. Many of the soldiers remained under Granger's command as the Reserve Corps of the Army of the Cumberland. Rosecrans reassigned others to various divisions of the 14th Army Corps. Rosecrans' special order ended the brief eight-month existence of the Army of Kentucky.
Article Title Army of Kentucky (USA)
Coverage October 7, 1862–June 8, 1863
Keywords Union Army of Kentucky
Original Published Date May 7, 2019
Army of Kentucky (USA) is Part of the Following on AHC
Civil War - Armies - Union


text:
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "../core/api.h"
#include "cache_helper.h"
#include "pbr_shader.h"

/* low-level api */

static mat4_t get_model_matrix(pbr_attribs_t *attribs,
                               pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms) {
    if (uniforms->joint_matrices) {
        mat4_t joint_matrices[4];
        mat4_t skin_matrix;

        joint_matrices[0] = uniforms->joint_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.x];
        joint_matrices[1] = uniforms->joint_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.y];
        joint_matrices[2] = uniforms->joint_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.z];
        joint_matrices[3] = uniforms->joint_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.w];

        skin_matrix = mat4_combine(joint_matrices, attribs->weight);
        return mat4_mul_mat4(uniforms->model_matrix, skin_matrix);
    } else {
        return uniforms->model_matrix;
    }
}

static mat3_t get_normal_matrix(pbr_attribs_t *attribs,
                                pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms) {
    if (uniforms->joint_n_matrices) {
        mat3_t joint_n_matrices[4];
        mat3_t skin_n_matrix;

        joint_n_matrices[0] = uniforms->joint_n_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.x];
        joint_n_matrices[1] = uniforms->joint_n_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.y];
        joint_n_matrices[2] = uniforms->joint_n_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.z];
        joint_n_matrices[3] = uniforms->joint_n_matrices[(int)attribs->joint.w];

        skin_n_matrix = mat3_combine(joint_n_matrices, attribs->weight);
        return mat3_mul_mat3(uniforms->normal_matrix, skin_n_matrix);
    } else {
        return uniforms->normal_matrix;
    }
}

static vec4_t shadow_vertex_shader(pbr_attribs_t *attribs,
                                   pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                                   pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms) {
    mat4_t model_matrix = get_model_matrix(attribs, uniforms);
    mat4_t light_vp_matrix = uniforms->light_vp_matrix;

    vec4_t input_position = vec4_from_vec3(attribs->position, 1);
    vec4_t world_position = mat4_mul_vec4(model_matrix, input_position);
    vec4_t depth_position = mat4_mul_vec4(light_vp_matrix, world_position);

    varyings->texcoord = attribs->texcoord;
    return depth_position;
}

static vec4_t common_vertex_shader(pbr_attribs_t *attribs,
                                   pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                                   pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms) {
    mat4_t model_matrix = get_model_matrix(attribs, uniforms);
    mat3_t normal_matrix = get_normal_matrix(attribs, uniforms);
    mat4_t camera_vp_matrix = uniforms->camera_vp_matrix;
    mat4_t light_vp_matrix = uniforms->light_vp_matrix;

    vec4_t input_position = vec4_from_vec3(attribs->position, 1);
    vec4_t world_position = mat4_mul_vec4(model_matrix, input_position);
    vec4_t clip_position = mat4_mul_vec4(camera_vp_matrix, world_position);
    vec4_t depth_position = mat4_mul_vec4(light_vp_matrix, world_position);

    vec3_t input_normal = attribs->normal;
    vec3_t world_normal = mat3_mul_vec3(normal_matrix, input_normal);

    if (uniforms->normal_map) {
        mat3_t tangent_matrix = mat3_from_mat4(model_matrix);
        vec3_t input_tangent = vec3_from_vec4(attribs->tangent);
        vec3_t world_tangent = mat3_mul_vec3(tangent_matrix, input_tangent);
        vec3_t world_bitangent;

        world_normal = vec3_normalize(world_normal);
        world_tangent = vec3_normalize(world_tangent);
        world_bitangent = vec3_cross(world_normal, world_tangent);
        world_bitangent = vec3_mul(world_bitangent, attribs->tangent.w);

        varyings->world_normal = world_normal;
        varyings->world_tangent = world_tangent;
        varyings->world_bitangent = world_bitangent;
    } else {
        varyings->world_normal = vec3_normalize(world_normal);
    }

    varyings->world_position = vec3_from_vec4(world_position);
    varyings->depth_position = vec3_from_vec4(depth_position);
    varyings->clip_position = clip_position;
    varyings->texcoord = attribs->texcoord;
    return clip_position;
}

vec4_t pbr_vertex_shader(void *attribs_, void *varyings_, void *uniforms_) {
    pbr_attribs_t *attribs = (pbr_attribs_t*)attribs_;
    pbr_varyings_t *varyings = (pbr_varyings_t*)varyings_;
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)uniforms_;

    if (uniforms->shadow_pass) {
        return shadow_vertex_shader(attribs, varyings, uniforms);
    } else {
        return common_vertex_shader(attribs, varyings, uniforms);
    }
}

static vec4_t shadow_fragment_shader(pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                                     pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms,
                                     int *discard) {
    if (uniforms->alpha_cutoff > 0) {
        float alpha;
        if (uniforms->workflow == METALNESS_WORKFLOW) {
            alpha = uniforms->basecolor_factor.w;
            if (uniforms->basecolor_map) {
                vec2_t texcoord = varyings->texcoord;
                alpha *= texture_sample(uniforms->basecolor_map, texcoord).w;
            }
        } else {
            alpha = uniforms->diffuse_factor.w;
            if (uniforms->diffuse_map) {
                vec2_t texcoord = varyings->texcoord;
                alpha *= texture_sample(uniforms->diffuse_map, texcoord).w;
            }
        }
        if (alpha < uniforms->alpha_cutoff) {
            *discard = 1;
        }
    }
    return vec4_new(0, 0, 0, 0);
}

typedef struct {
    vec3_t diffuse;
    vec3_t specular;
    float alpha;
    float roughness;
    vec3_t normal;
    float occlusion;
    vec3_t emission;
} material_t;

static material_t get_pbrm_material(pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms, vec2_t texcoord) {
    vec3_t diffuse, specular, basecolor;
    float alpha, roughness, metalness;
    material_t material;

    basecolor = vec3_from_vec4(uniforms->basecolor_factor);
    alpha = uniforms->basecolor_factor.w;
    if (uniforms->basecolor_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->basecolor_map, texcoord);
        basecolor = vec3_modulate(basecolor, vec3_from_vec4(sample));
        alpha *= sample.w;
    }

    metalness = uniforms->metalness_factor;
    if (uniforms->metalness_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->metalness_map, texcoord);
        metalness *= sample.x;
    }

    roughness = uniforms->roughness_factor;
    if (uniforms->roughness_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->roughness_map, texcoord);
        roughness *= sample.x;
    }

    diffuse = vec3_mul(basecolor, (1 - 0.04f) * (1 - metalness));
    specular = vec3_lerp(vec3_new(0.04f, 0.04f, 0.04f), basecolor, metalness);

    memset(&material, 0, sizeof(material_t));
    material.diffuse = diffuse;
    material.specular = specular;
    material.alpha = alpha;
    material.roughness = roughness;
    return material;
}

static float max_component(vec3_t v) {
    return v.x > v.y && v.x > v.z ? v.x : (v.y > v.z ? v.y : v.z);
}

static material_t get_pbrs_material(pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms, vec2_t texcoord) {
    vec3_t diffuse, specular;
    float alpha, roughness, glossiness;
    material_t material;

    diffuse = vec3_from_vec4(uniforms->diffuse_factor);
    alpha = uniforms->diffuse_factor.w;
    if (uniforms->diffuse_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->diffuse_map, texcoord);
        diffuse = vec3_modulate(diffuse, vec3_from_vec4(sample));
        alpha *= sample.w;
    }

    specular = uniforms->specular_factor;
    if (uniforms->specular_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->specular_map, texcoord);
        specular = vec3_modulate(specular, vec3_from_vec4(sample));
    }

    glossiness = uniforms->glossiness_factor;
    if (uniforms->glossiness_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->glossiness_map, texcoord);
        glossiness *= sample.x;
    }

    diffuse = vec3_mul(diffuse, 1 - max_component(specular));
    roughness = 1 - glossiness;

    memset(&material, 0, sizeof(material_t));
    material.diffuse = diffuse;
    material.specular = specular;
    material.alpha = alpha;
    material.roughness = roughness;
    return material;
}

static vec3_t get_normal_dir(pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                             pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms,
                             int backface) {
    vec3_t normal_dir;
    if (uniforms->normal_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->normal_map,
                                       varyings->texcoord);
        vec3_t tangent_normal = vec3_new(sample.x * 2 - 1,
                                         sample.y * 2 - 1,
                                         sample.z * 2 - 1);
        mat3_t tbn_matrix = mat3_from_cols(varyings->world_tangent,
                                           varyings->world_bitangent,
                                           varyings->world_normal);
        vec3_t world_normal = mat3_mul_vec3(tbn_matrix, tangent_normal);
        normal_dir = vec3_normalize(world_normal);
    } else {
        normal_dir = vec3_normalize(varyings->world_normal);
    }
    return backface ? vec3_negate(normal_dir) : normal_dir;
}

static material_t get_pixel_material(pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                                     pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms,
                                     int backface) {
    vec2_t texcoord = varyings->texcoord;
    material_t material;

    if (uniforms->workflow == METALNESS_WORKFLOW) {
        material = get_pbrm_material(uniforms, texcoord);
    } else {
        material = get_pbrs_material(uniforms, texcoord);
    }

    material.normal = get_normal_dir(varyings, uniforms, backface);

    if (uniforms->occlusion_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->occlusion_map, texcoord);
        material.occlusion = sample.x;
    } else {
        material.occlusion = 1;
    }

    if (uniforms->emission_map) {
        vec4_t sample = texture_sample(uniforms->emission_map, texcoord);
        material.emission = vec3_from_vec4(sample);
    } else {
        material.emission = vec3_new(0, 0, 0);
    }

    return material;
}

static vec3_t get_incident_dir(vec3_t normal_dir, vec3_t view_dir) {
    float n_dot_v = vec3_dot(normal_dir, view_dir);
    return vec3_sub(vec3_mul(normal_dir, 2 * n_dot_v), view_dir);
}

static vec3_t get_ibl_shade(material_t material, ibldata_t *ibldata,
                            vec3_t normal_dir, vec3_t view_dir) {
    vec3_t diffuse_color = vec3_mul(material.diffuse, material.occlusion);
    cubemap_t *diffuse_map = ibldata->diffuse_map;
    vec4_t diffuse_sample = cubemap_clamp_sample(diffuse_map, normal_dir);
    vec3_t diffuse_light = vec3_from_vec4(diffuse_sample);
    vec3_t diffuse_shade = vec3_modulate(diffuse_light, diffuse_color);

    float n_dot_v = vec3_dot(normal_dir, view_dir);
    vec2_t lut_texcoord = vec2_new(n_dot_v, material.roughness);
    vec4_t lut_sample = texture_clamp_sample(ibldata->brdf_lut, lut_texcoord);
    float specular_scale = lut_sample.x;
    float specular_bias = lut_sample.y;

    float specular_r = material.specular.x * specular_scale + specular_bias;
    float specular_g = material.specular.y * specular_scale + specular_bias;
    float specular_b = material.specular.z * specular_scale + specular_bias;
    vec3_t specular_color = vec3_new(specular_r, specular_g, specular_b);

    vec3_t incident_dir = get_incident_dir(normal_dir, view_dir);
    float max_mip_level = (float)(ibldata->mip_levels - 1);
    int specular_lod = (int)(material.roughness * max_mip_level + 0.5f);
    cubemap_t *specular_map = ibldata->specular_maps[specular_lod];
    vec4_t specular_sample = cubemap_clamp_sample(specular_map, incident_dir);
    vec3_t specular_light = vec3_from_vec4(specular_sample);
    vec3_t specular_shade = vec3_modulate(specular_light, specular_color);

    return vec3_add(diffuse_shade, specular_shade);
}

static int is_in_shadow(pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                        pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms,
                        float n_dot_l) {
    if (uniforms->shadow_map) {
        float u = (varyings->depth_position.x + 1) * 0.5f;
        float v = (varyings->depth_position.y + 1) * 0.5f;
        float d = (varyings->depth_position.z + 1) * 0.5f;

        float depth_bias = float_max(0.05f * (1 - n_dot_l), 0.005f);
        float current_depth = d - depth_bias;
        vec2_t texcoord = vec2_new(u, v);
        float closest_depth = texture_sample(uniforms->shadow_map, texcoord).x;

        return current_depth > closest_depth;
    } else {
        return 0;
    }
}

/*
 * for normal distribution function, see
 * Microfacet Models for Refraction through Rough Surfaces
 */
static float get_distribution(float n_dot_h, float alpha2) {
    float n_dot_h_2 = n_dot_h * n_dot_h;
    float factor = n_dot_h_2 * (alpha2 - 1) + 1;
    return alpha2 / (PI * factor * factor);
}

/*
 * for visibility function, see
 * Understanding the Masking-Shadowing Function in Microfacet-Based BRDFs
 */
static float get_visibility(float n_dot_v, float n_dot_l, float alpha2) {
    float n_dot_v_2 = n_dot_v * n_dot_v;
    float n_dot_l_2 = n_dot_l * n_dot_l;
    float ggx_v = n_dot_l * (float)sqrt(n_dot_v_2 * (1 - alpha2) + alpha2);
    float ggx_l = n_dot_v * (float)sqrt(n_dot_l_2 * (1 - alpha2) + alpha2);
    return 0.5f / (ggx_v + ggx_l);
}

/*
 * for fresnel approximation, see
 * An Inexpensive BRDF Model for Physically-based Rendering
 */
static vec3_t get_fresnel(float v_dot_h, vec3_t fresnel0) {
    float factor = (float)pow(1 - v_dot_h, 5);
    float fresnel90 = float_saturate(max_component(fresnel0) * 50);
    float fresnel_r = fresnel0.x + (fresnel90 - fresnel0.x) * factor;
    float fresnel_g = fresnel0.y + (fresnel90 - fresnel0.y) * factor;
    float fresnel_b = fresnel0.z + (fresnel90 - fresnel0.z) * factor;
    return vec3_new(fresnel_r, fresnel_g, fresnel_b);
}

static vec3_t get_dir_shade(material_t material, vec3_t light_dir,
                            vec3_t normal_dir, vec3_t view_dir) {
    float n_dot_l = vec3_dot(normal_dir, light_dir);
    float n_dot_v = vec3_dot(normal_dir, view_dir);
    if (n_dot_l > 0 && n_dot_v > 0) {
        vec3_t half_dir = vec3_normalize(vec3_add(light_dir, view_dir));
        float n_dot_h = float_max(vec3_dot(normal_dir, half_dir), 0);
        float v_dot_h = float_max(vec3_dot(view_dir, half_dir), 0);

        float alpha_roughness = material.roughness * material.roughness;
        float alpha2 = alpha_roughness * alpha_roughness;

        float d_term = get_distribution(n_dot_h, alpha2);
        float v_term = get_visibility(n_dot_v, n_dot_l, alpha2);
        vec3_t f_term = get_fresnel(v_dot_h, material.specular);

        vec3_t diffuse_lobe = vec3_div(material.diffuse, PI);
        vec3_t specular_lobe = vec3_mul(f_term, v_term * d_term);

        float combined_r = (1 - f_term.x) * diffuse_lobe.x + specular_lobe.x;
        float combined_g = (1 - f_term.y) * diffuse_lobe.y + specular_lobe.y;
        float combined_b = (1 - f_term.z) * diffuse_lobe.z + specular_lobe.z;
        vec3_t combined_lobe = vec3_new(combined_r, combined_g, combined_b);

        return vec3_mul(combined_lobe, n_dot_l);
    } else {
        return vec3_new(0, 0, 0);
    }
}

static vec3_t get_view_dir(pbr_varyings_t *varyings, pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms) {
    vec3_t camera_pos = uniforms->camera_pos;
    vec3_t world_pos = varyings->world_position;
    return vec3_normalize(vec3_sub(camera_pos, world_pos));
}

static vec4_t linear_to_srgb(vec3_t color, float alpha) {
    float r = float_linear2srgb(float_aces(color.x));
    float g = float_linear2srgb(float_aces(color.y));
    float b = float_linear2srgb(float_aces(color.z));
    return vec4_new(r, g, b, alpha);
}

#define NUM_EDGES 5
#define EDGE_SPACE 0.15f
#define EDGE_START (1 - EDGE_SPACE * 0.5f)
#define EDGE_END (EDGE_SPACE * (NUM_EDGES - 0.5f))

static int above_layer_edge(int edge, vec2_t coord) {
    float offset = EDGE_SPACE * (float)edge;
    vec2_t start = vec2_new(EDGE_START - offset, 0);
    vec2_t end = vec2_new(EDGE_END - offset, 1);
    return vec2_edge(start, end, coord) > 0;
}

static vec4_t get_layer_color(int layer, material_t material) {
    float alpha = material.alpha;
    if (layer == 1) {
        return linear_to_srgb(material.diffuse, alpha);
    } else if (layer == 2) {
        return linear_to_srgb(material.specular, alpha);
    } else if (layer == 3) {
        float roughness = material.roughness;
        return vec4_new(roughness, roughness, roughness, alpha);
    } else if (layer == 4) {
        float occlusion = material.occlusion;
        return vec4_new(occlusion, occlusion, occlusion, alpha);
    } else {
        float normal_x = material.normal.x * 0.5f + 0.5f;
        float normal_y = material.normal.y * 0.5f + 0.5f;
        float normal_z = material.normal.z * 0.5f + 0.5f;
        return vec4_new(normal_x, normal_y, normal_z, alpha);
    }
}

static vec2_t get_normalized_coord(vec4_t clip_coord) {
    float x = clip_coord.x / clip_coord.w * 0.5f + 0.5f;
    float y = clip_coord.y / clip_coord.w * 0.5f + 0.5f;
    return vec2_new(x, y);
}

static vec4_t common_fragment_shader(pbr_varyings_t *varyings,
                                     pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms,
                                     int *discard,
                                     int backface) {
    material_t material = get_pixel_material(varyings, uniforms, backface);
    vec2_t coord = get_normalized_coord(varyings->clip_position);
    if (uniforms->alpha_cutoff > 0 && material.alpha < uniforms->alpha_cutoff) {
        *discard = 1;
        return vec4_new(0, 0, 0, 0);
    } else if (uniforms->layer_view > 0) {
        return get_layer_color(uniforms->layer_view, material);
    } else if (uniforms->layer_view == 0 && !above_layer_edge(0, coord)) {
        int edge;
        for (edge = 1; edge < NUM_EDGES; edge++) {
            if (above_layer_edge(edge, coord)) {
                break;
            }
        }
        return get_layer_color(edge, material);
    } else {
        vec3_t view_dir = get_view_dir(varyings, uniforms);
        vec3_t light_dir = vec3_negate(uniforms->light_dir);
        vec3_t normal_dir = material.normal;
        float n_dot_l = vec3_dot(normal_dir, light_dir);
        vec3_t color = material.emission;

        if (uniforms->ambient_intensity > 0 && uniforms->ibldata) {
            float intensity = uniforms->ambient_intensity;
            vec3_t shade = get_ibl_shade(material, uniforms->ibldata,
                                         normal_dir, view_dir);
            color = vec3_add(color, vec3_mul(shade, intensity));
        }

        if (uniforms->punctual_intensity > 0 && n_dot_l > 0) {
            float intensity = uniforms->punctual_intensity;
            if (!is_in_shadow(varyings, uniforms, n_dot_l)) {
                vec3_t shade = get_dir_shade(material, light_dir,
                                             normal_dir, view_dir);
                color = vec3_add(color, vec3_mul(shade, intensity));
            }
        }

        return linear_to_srgb(color, material.alpha);
    }
}

vec4_t pbr_fragment_shader(void *varyings_, void *uniforms_,
                           int *discard, int backface) {
    pbr_varyings_t *varyings = (pbr_varyings_t*)varyings_;
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)uniforms_;

    if (uniforms->shadow_pass) {
        return shadow_fragment_shader(varyings, uniforms, discard);
    } else {
        return common_fragment_shader(varyings, uniforms, discard, backface);
    }
}

/* high-level api */

static void update_model(model_t *model, perframe_t *perframe) {
    float ambient_intensity = perframe->ambient_intensity;
    float punctual_intensity = perframe->punctual_intensity;
    skeleton_t *skeleton = model->skeleton;
    mat4_t model_matrix = model->transform;
    mat3_t normal_matrix;
    mat4_t *joint_matrices;
    mat3_t *joint_n_matrices;
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms;

    if (skeleton) {
        skeleton_update_joints(skeleton, perframe->frame_time);
        joint_matrices = skeleton_get_joint_matrices(skeleton);
        joint_n_matrices = skeleton_get_normal_matrices(skeleton);
        if (model->attached >= 0) {
            mat4_t node_matrix = joint_matrices[model->attached];
            model_matrix = mat4_mul_mat4(model_matrix, node_matrix);
            joint_matrices = NULL;
            joint_n_matrices = NULL;
        }
    } else {
        joint_matrices = NULL;
        joint_n_matrices = NULL;
    }
    normal_matrix = mat3_inverse_transpose(mat3_from_mat4(model_matrix));

    uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)program_get_uniforms(model->program);
    uniforms->light_dir = perframe->light_dir;
    uniforms->camera_pos = perframe->camera_pos;
    uniforms->model_matrix = model_matrix;
    uniforms->normal_matrix = normal_matrix;
    uniforms->light_vp_matrix = mat4_mul_mat4(perframe->light_proj_matrix,
                                              perframe->light_view_matrix);
    uniforms->camera_vp_matrix = mat4_mul_mat4(perframe->camera_proj_matrix,
                                               perframe->camera_view_matrix);
    uniforms->joint_matrices = joint_matrices;
    uniforms->joint_n_matrices = joint_n_matrices;
    uniforms->ambient_intensity = float_clamp(ambient_intensity, 0, 5);
    uniforms->punctual_intensity = float_clamp(punctual_intensity, 0, 5);
    uniforms->shadow_map = perframe->shadow_map;
    uniforms->layer_view = perframe->layer_view;
}

static void draw_model(model_t *model, framebuffer_t *framebuffer,
                       int shadow_pass) {
    mesh_t *mesh = model->mesh;
    int num_faces = mesh_get_num_faces(mesh);
    vertex_t *vertices = mesh_get_vertices(mesh);
    program_t *program = model->program;
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms;
    pbr_attribs_t *attribs;
    int i, j;

    uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)program_get_uniforms(model->program);
    uniforms->shadow_pass = shadow_pass;
    for (i = 0; i < num_faces; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
            vertex_t vertex = vertices[i * 3 + j];
            attribs = (pbr_attribs_t*)program_get_attribs(program, j);
            attribs->position = vertex.position;
            attribs->texcoord = vertex.texcoord;
            attribs->normal = vertex.normal;
            attribs->tangent = vertex.tangent;
            attribs->joint = vertex.joint;
            attribs->weight = vertex.weight;
        }
        graphics_draw_triangle(framebuffer, program);
    }
}

static void release_model(model_t *model) {
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms;
    uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)program_get_uniforms(model->program);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->basecolor_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->metalness_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->roughness_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->diffuse_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->specular_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->glossiness_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->normal_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->occlusion_map);
    cache_release_texture(uniforms->emission_map);
    cache_release_ibldata(uniforms->ibldata);
    program_release(model->program);
    cache_release_skeleton(model->skeleton);
    cache_release_mesh(model->mesh);
    free(model);
}

static model_t *create_model(const char *mesh, mat4_t transform,
                             const char *skeleton, int attached,
                             int double_sided, int enable_blend) {
    int sizeof_attribs = sizeof(pbr_attribs_t);
    int sizeof_varyings = sizeof(pbr_varyings_t);
    int sizeof_uniforms = sizeof(pbr_uniforms_t);
    program_t *program;
    model_t *model;

    program = program_create(pbr_vertex_shader, pbr_fragment_shader,
                             sizeof_attribs, sizeof_varyings, sizeof_uniforms,
                             double_sided, enable_blend);

    model = (model_t*)malloc(sizeof(model_t));
    model->mesh = cache_acquire_mesh(mesh);
    model->program = program;
    model->transform = transform;
    model->skeleton = cache_acquire_skeleton(skeleton);
    model->attached = attached;
    model->opaque = !enable_blend;
    model->distance = 0;
    model->update = update_model;
    model->draw = draw_model;
    model->release = release_model;

    return model;
}

static texture_t *acquire_color_texture(const char *filename) {
    return cache_acquire_texture(filename, USAGE_HDR_COLOR);
}

static texture_t *acquire_data_texture(const char *filename) {
    return cache_acquire_texture(filename, USAGE_LDR_DATA);
}

model_t *pbrm_create_model(const char *mesh, mat4_t transform,
                           const char *skeleton, int attached,
                           pbrm_material_t *material, const char *env_name) {
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms;
    model_t *model;

    model = create_model(mesh, transform, skeleton, attached,
                         material->double_sided, material->enable_blend);

    uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)program_get_uniforms(model->program);
    uniforms->basecolor_factor = material->basecolor_factor;
    uniforms->metalness_factor = float_saturate(material->metalness_factor);
    uniforms->roughness_factor = float_saturate(material->roughness_factor);
    uniforms->basecolor_map = acquire_color_texture(material->basecolor_map);
    uniforms->metalness_map = acquire_data_texture(material->metalness_map);
    uniforms->roughness_map = acquire_data_texture(material->roughness_map);
    uniforms->normal_map = acquire_data_texture(material->normal_map);
    uniforms->occlusion_map = acquire_data_texture(material->occlusion_map);
    uniforms->emission_map = acquire_color_texture(material->emission_map);
    uniforms->ibldata = cache_acquire_ibldata(env_name);
    uniforms->alpha_cutoff = material->alpha_cutoff;
    uniforms->workflow = METALNESS_WORKFLOW;
    uniforms->layer_view = -1;

    return model;
}

model_t *pbrs_create_model(const char *mesh, mat4_t transform,
                           const char *skeleton, int attached,
                           pbrs_material_t *material, const char *env_name) {
    pbr_uniforms_t *uniforms;
    model_t *model;

    model = create_model(mesh, transform, skeleton, attached,
                         material->double_sided, material->enable_blend);

    uniforms = (pbr_uniforms_t*)program_get_uniforms(model->program);
    uniforms->diffuse_factor = material->diffuse_factor;
    uniforms->specular_factor = material->specular_factor;
    uniforms->glossiness_factor = float_saturate(material->glossiness_factor);
    uniforms->diffuse_map = acquire_color_texture(material->diffuse_map);
    uniforms->specular_map = acquire_color_texture(material->specular_map);
    uniforms->glossiness_map = acquire_data_texture(material->glossiness_map);
    uniforms->normal_map = acquire_data_texture(material->normal_map);
    uniforms->occlusion_map = acquire_data_texture(material->occlusion_map);
    uniforms->emission_map = acquire_color_texture(material->emission_map);
    uniforms->ibldata = cache_acquire_ibldata(env_name);
    uniforms->alpha_cutoff = material->alpha_cutoff;
    uniforms->workflow = SPECULAR_WORKFLOW;
    uniforms->layer_view = -1;

    return model;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Distilled Spirits Council has criticized the U.S. Treasury Department for rejecting the excise tax drawback on spirits, beer and wine that are produced in America for export.
The U.S. Treasury Department and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) last week issued a final rule on Modernized Drawback that prohibited the excise tax drawback. DISCUS believes that this contradicts the Congressional intent contained in the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 (TFTEA) to simplify drawback claims processing.
TFTEA was supposed to allow companies to recoup taxes, duties and fees on imported products after exporting like products. Instead, DISCUS says that the treasury has thwarted the intent of Congress to promote exports through this new rule by limiting the excise duty drawback.
"Congress wanted to encourage production in the United States with duty drawback, which was designed to incentivize U.S. manufacturers to export," says DISCUS President and CEO Chris Swonger.


text:
MathsBank Blog
Blog about the latest in mathematics, especially A-Level maths in the UK.
MathsBank: Maths Resources for Teachers and Students
A-Level Exams Earlier, University Applications Later?
UCAS, the body that administers UK university admissions, has put forward proposals for changes to the admissions system. These recommendations include bringing the A-Level examinations forward and completing most of the university application process when the exam results have been released. This system, UCAS argues, would be fairer and less complex.
Currently, pupils in their final year of school must make their UCAS applications by mid-January. Universities judge each application based on predicted A-Level grades, references from teachers, personal statements and possibly an interview. The universities then award conditional offers, dependent on certain A-Level grades being gained.
Many schools, particularly private schools, give university admissions advice that can maximise the chances of successful entry. UCAS argues that this system makes it unfair for pupils who do not have such a system of support available to them. In short, as the Guardian puts it, the current system favours the rich.
An overhaul would lead to a fairer and more transparent applications process, with the actual grades gained being central to a university's decision.
An application later in the year would also give pupils more time to discover their real interests, which subjects they are excelling in, and would like to spend further time studying. The downside to such a plan would be the timing. A-Level examinations, the marking, awarding of grades, university applications and decision-making would all need to take place in the summer term. In Northern Ireland and Scotland, this problem would be exacerbated because schools break up for their summer holiday earlier than in England and Wales.
The last Labour government attempted to bring in similar reforms of the universities applications process, without success, largely because of opposition from teaching unions. Although many teachers see some benefits to such a scheme, the amount of teaching time for the A-Level examinations would be shortened. There is also a feeling that there would be simply too much to achieve during the summer term.
What do you think? Would you be happy to delay your university application until after you have received your A-Level results? How do other countries manage university admissions? Would a compulsory gap year be one radical solution to the problem (which they once called National Service), giving pupils further time to think about their futures and time to do something useful in the workplace, while ensuring our students are more mature when entering university? Let us know your thoughts.
Posted by Luke Robinson at 09:35 1 comments
Labels: A-Level, Education, UCAS, Universities, university, University and college admissions
Evariste Galois (25 Oct 1811 – 31 May 1832)
A sketch of Galois, image via Wikipedia
Of all the mathematicians who ever lived, Évariste Galois, born 200 years ago today, is the one who has given me the most inspiration for the subject.
He was a hot-headed genius, living in a period of political instability in post-revolutionary France. The ideas he formulated, during his incredibly brief life, were not only ground-breaking, they were so ahead of his time they could be described as alien to the 18th century world he lived in. Only now are Galois's ideas becoming of dramatic importance. If you are interested in quantum computing, or particle physics, to name just two of today's hottest scientific topics, you should know about Galois.
At the age of 16, with a head full of novel mathematical ideas, he sat the entrance exam for the École Polytechnique, failing to get in. The following year, he tried again. This time, the application ended in frustration and acrimony. The examiner reported the student 'Knows nothing' and was of 'Little intelligence'. More likely, Galois's approach took too many logical leaps, confusing his supposedly superior examiner. He entered the inferior École Normale, despite being described by the authorities there as 'Obscure in expressing his ideas'.
Aged 19, Galois sent two papers to the Academy of Sciences as an entry to the Academy's prestigious Grand Prix. This first attempt at recognition failed for mysterious reasons, although it seems that Cauchy, the eminent mathematician refereeing the works, simply wanted the two papers combined. Galois's second submission, however, failed in farcical circumstances. The revised paper was sent directly to Fourier, who was secretary to the Academy and appeared sympathetic to Galois's ideas. But Fourier died shortly afterwards and the paper was lost.
One year later, political tension in France was running high. Galois had friends in revolutionary circles and attended a banquet with them. He was overheard, perhaps by spies, uttering the name of the king, Louis Phillipe, while brandishing a dagger. This being construed as a threat on the king's life, Galois was arrested. This time, he was released, but he was later re-arrested and this time sentenced to 9 months in prison.
He was not well treated in prison, being forced into drinking matches with his fellow inmates. When Galois complained about his ill-treatment, he was put into solitary confinement.
When out of prison, Galois returned to his mathematics, but his political interests continued to divert his attention. He finally received a response from the Academy of Sciences. His submission was declared "neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigor".
The exact circumstances surrounding the final days of Galois's life and the fateful early morning duel, on 30 May 1832, are unclear. It has been rumoured that he was involved with a young lady, and perhaps the duel was instigated by Galois for her honour. The night before the duel, he set out to document all he could of his life's mathematical work. He finished his rushed document with "… j'espere, des gens qui trouveront leur profit à déchiffrer tout ce gâchis." (I hope some people will find it to their advantage to decipher all this mess.)
Galois lost the duel and his short life was brought to a dramatic and violent end, the lack of sleep perhaps contributing to his slower reactions. His final words were "Do not cry, it takes all my courage to die at the age of 20."
The work of Galois that survives amounts to no more than 60 pages. In its modern form, it bears little relation to the scrawl of his last document, but the ideas remain. He analysed the symmetry in the solutions of equations in ways never previously imagined. These new approaches, combined with his chaotic presentation, were what had confused his superiors at the various academic institutions.
Today, Galois Theory is of fundamental importance in the field of Quantum Theory. It is helping in answering questions about the structure and origin of the universe. It has been applied not only to describing the sub-atomic particles that have already been discovered, but to predicting the existence of new ones. The workings of the Large Hadron Collider, CERN's giant particle accelerator, are dependent on the strength of Galois Theory.
Who knows how differently mathematics - even human civilisation - may have evolved, had Galois's life not been brought to such a sudden and tragic end.
String Theory Finally Does Something Useful (wired.com)
The mystery of mass: What makes one particle light and another heavy? | Ian Sample (guardian.co.uk)
Labels: Alternative, CERN, École Polytechnique, Évariste Galois, Large Hadron Collider, Physics, Quantum mechanics, Subatomic particle
The Forefather of Computing
Part of the Difference Engine. Image via WikipediaOne hundred and forty years ago today, on 18 October 1871, Charles Babbage died.
Born in 1792, this English mathematician and inventor is known as a pioneer of modern-day computing, and is credited with conceiving the concept of a programmable computer. He developed an obsession for mechanising computation, in order to eliminate inaccuracies in mathematical tables. By 1822, he had developed a small calculating machine able to compute squares. He then produced prototypes of a larger Difference Engine.
In the 18th century, numerical tables were calculated by humans who were known as 'computers'. While at Cambridge, Babbage saw the high error rate involved in this human process and realised the potential for the work to be mechanised. In 1822 he began to develop the Difference Engine, firstly to compute values of polynomial functions. By using the method of finite differences, it was possible to avoid the need for more complicated multiplication and division operations, hence the machine's name.
However, the Difference Engine was never finished, despite no shortage of funding for the project, neither was the successor he designed "Difference Engine Number 2". The first difference engine would have been composed of around 25,000 parts, weighed 13,600 kg, and been 2.4 m tall.
During Babbage's lifetime, the Swedish engineer Per Georg Scheutz and his son Edvard constructed the first working models of the Difference Engine. They used Babbage's design and it was successfully deployed in certain applications, primarily printing tables of logarithms.
While the Difference Engine would have been capable of making calculations, had he completed it, Babbage's most ambitious work began in 1833 when he started to develop his programmable Analytical Machine. If the Difference Engine is to be compared with today's pocket calculator, the Analytical Engine can be considered the first mechanical computer, a forerunner of all programmable computers.
In fact, the Analytical Engine was not a single machine but a succession of designs that Babbage modified until his death in 1871. The Analytical Engine could be fed punched cards, whose patterns of holes contained programming instructions, a system that survived until the 1970s in modern computers.
The programs stored on the cards were created initially by a person, and then fed into the machine for processing. The analytical engine would have used loops of punched cards to control a mechanical calculator, which could formulate results based on the results of previous calculations. The engine would also use several features used in modern computers, such as sequential control, branching, and looping.
The mathematician Ada Lovelace, was one of the few people who appreciated Babbage's work, and formulated a program for the Analytical Engine, which would have been able to calculate a sequence of Bernoulli numbers, had the machine ever been built. Because of her work, Lovelace is now thought of as the world's first computer programmer and the modern programming language Ada was named after her.
Charles Babbage made many other inventions, some of which now seem utterly bizarre. Some of the more practical ideas, however, include the standard railroad gauge, uniform postal rates, occulting lights for lighthouses and Greenwich time signals.
Later in life, Babbage became a bitter and bad-tempered old man. He especially hated street performers, who he blamed for depriving him of a quarter of his working potential.
Parts of Babbage's uncompleted mechanisms are on display in London's Science Museum. There, in 1991, a perfectly functioning difference engine, modelled on "Difference Engine Number 2" was constructed from Babbage's original plans. Built only using tolerances achievable in the 19th century, the performance of the completed engine indicated that Babbage's machine would have worked. It performed its first calculation to 31 digits, far more than the average modern pocket calculator.
Nine years later, the Science Museum finished building a working model of the printer Babbage had designed for the difference engine, an remarkably complex device for the 19th century.
The modern world and its age of computers owes a huge amount to Charles Babbage, the Victorian engineer and mathematician. As Isaac Newton once said (in a different context) we are "standing on the shoulders of giants".
Labels: Ada Lovelace, Analytical Engine, Charles Babbage, Difference Engine, Science Museum
A-Level Exams Earlier, University Applications Lat...


ARB 93 Steel Narrowe SEP-39 CAS Normal is a trademark of The Fontry.
LTC Globe Gothic Bold Italic is a trademark of Lanston Type Co.- P22 type foundry.
Valimo RMX is a trademark of Emil Bertell.
Graphie is a trademark of Ryoichi Tsunekawa.


text:
La prima stagione della serie televisiva The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet è stata trasmessa in anteprima negli Stati Uniti d'America dalla ABC tra il 3 ottobre 1952 e il 26 giugno 1953.

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The understanding that humans are bounded in their rationality has been proven to manifest in complex decision making as a result of a limit in the amount of information available, the cognitive limitations of the mind and the amount of time available in which to make a decision. Because of this, humans have been known to appeal to heuristics and the rules of thumb (termed 'satisficing') when making decisions, resulting in biased probability judgments and not maximizing expected utility. Corporate application of bounded rationality is still very limited. This study builds on and advances the study and application of bounded rationality in corporate environments, using climate change response as a real-life situation, and in a circular fashion help explain some of the debates and paradoxes that agitate researchers from the climate change community. Using a mixed methods comparative case study of two organisations' responses to climate change, the study theorises that competitive market forces and the ability of organisations to learn from other organisations limits the levels of 'satisficing' in strategic decision making. Instead, the limited amount of information and the fear of the unknown cause organizations to approach the subject cautiously. A tactical interpretive climate change response framework emerges.


Incanto Shine was launched in March, 2007 by Salvatore Ferragamo. It is a fruity floral fragrance, in a colourful bottle adorned with carefree summer motives. It starts with fresh notes of pineapple, bergamot and passion fruit. Pink peony, freesia and peach are at its heart. The base consists of cedar, amber and musk.


Published: Oct 17, 2018 at 2:27 p.m.
Updated: Oct 17, 2018 at 2:29 p.m.
The Trans-Canada Highway is down to one lane west of the Baie Verte Junction this afternoon, Oct. 17, following a collision in the area.
Springdale RCMP were advised around noon a transport fuel truck and an SUV had collided, according to a release issued at 2:41 p.m.
An 89-year-old man from Baie Verte was transported to the hospital in Springdale with non-life-threatening injuries.
Springdale RCMP and Traffic Services as well as the Department of Municipal Affairs and Environment are currently at the scene, the release indicated.


text:
When Typhoon Nesat slammed into the nation late last month, a power transmission tower used by Ho-Ping Power Co toppled over, causing a drop of 1.3 gigawatts (GW) in Taiwan Power Co's (Taipower) net peak capacity.
This is the equivalent of two generators at the Jinshan Nuclear Power Plant in New Taipei City's Shihmen District (石門).
Erecting a temporary tower takes about 15 days and during that time, the seventh generator at the Taichung Power Plant experienced a failure and a tube broke at the first generator, further limiting the power supply.
As the Cabinet urged energy saving measures, opponents of energy saving and proponents of nuclear power took the opportunity to call for bringing back online the first generator at the Jinshan Nuclear Power Plant and the second generator at the Guosheng Nuclear Power Plant in New Taipei City's Wanli District (萬里), while questioning the decision not to start the Longmen Nuclear Power Plant.
However, the problems caused by the natural disaster and generator failure are temporary, and they should not be solved by reviving nuclear power.
On June 2, repairs at the second generator at the Jinshan plant were moved forward because of the collapse of another transmission tower. By then, the first generator at the plant had been closed down for more than two years, the second generator at the Guosheng plant for more than a year and the first generator at the same plant for more than half a year, while the second generator at the Ma-anshan (馬鞍山) Nuclear Power Plant in Pingtung County had been closed for almost two months.
For a whole week until June 9, only a single reactor in all the nuclear power plants was running, but there was no power shortage. Today, half of the nuclear generators are in operation.
Nuclear power plants are also affected by natural disasters. During typhoons Xangsane in 2000 and Toraji in 2001, the sea water pumping stations at the Jinshan and Guosheng plants were blocked; during typhoons Haitang in 2005 and Sinlaku in 2008, the Longmen plant was flooded; during typhoons Maggie in 1999 and Dujuan in 2003, the Ma-anshan plant was tripped; during Typhoon Meranti last year, there was a fire in the airconditioning system at the same plant due to dampness; during Typhoon Dujuan in 2015, the main transformer at the Guosheng plant was destroyed; during typhoons Yancy in 2000 and Soulik in 2013, the Jinshan plant was tripped and during typhoons Soudelor in 2015 and Megi last year, the emergency generator at the same plant made an unplanned start of itself.
The nuclear power plants, which often have to resort to load shedding as a preventive measure during typhoons, are themselves potential victims of severe weather events and not the solution to energy supply shortages during typhoons.
An article in the January edition of Taipower's monthly magazine about emergency repairs said: "The Hsinta Power Plant has been in operation for more than 30 years and, with time, the plumbing in the boilers gets old and deteriorates."
Following the same reasoning, the nation's three nuclear power plants have been in operation for more than 30 years, and so they should also be facing the same problems with aging and deteriorating equipment.
For example, there have been several fires at the Ma-anshan plant as a result of damage to aging pipes.
At the Mihama Nuclear Power Plant in Japan, four people died and seven were injured, and four people died at the Surry Nuclear Power Plant in the US, all because of problems caused by old and damaged pipes, but at a nuclear station, the consequences can be much more severe.
At the Longmen plant, which has never been started, project management has been inferior, several floods have led to rust and corrosion and even after it was closed, there have been problems with dampness.
Instead of continuing to keep it closed, it should be abandoned so that the money spent on the plant can be used to enhance energy saving measures.
The revival of high-risk nuclear power is not the solution to Taiwan's energy problems. The only sustainable solution is to implement energy saving measures, improve energy management and gradually replace highly polluting energy generation with low-pollution energy sources.
The repair of the toppled transmission tower is almost completed, and the nation's ability to make it through this unexpected shortage should be enough to prove that Taiwan is capable of realizing a nuclear-free society by relying on energy savings and management.
sai Ya-ying is a lawyer affiliated with the Wild at Heart Legal Defense Association.
Account of the Taroko Tribe's Land-Rights Dispute
Wild at Heart Founder Quoted in Energy Debate Report


Catherin has been at lander for 7 months. She loves when patients have finished their treatment plan and are happy and confident with their new smile. She also enjoys making patients feel welcome and relaxed when they come in to the practice.
In her spare time, Catherin spends time with friends going for walks, exploring Cornish beaches or going for dinner.


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The Life Fitness T7-0 treadmill is Life's new high end home model for 2006.
It was designed to be very flexible so you can adjust it to become the perfect treadmill for you. Without a doubt, this machine is one of the best home treadmills that came out this year.
If you want nothing but the best in home treadmill, then this is the model for you. It has excellent power, great cushioning, lengthy warranties, and rock-solid stability. In short, everything you expect in a high quality treadmill is in this machine.
This Life Fitness T7-0 boasts a 3.0HP continuous duty motor that has a max speed of 12mph and a max incline of 15%. So it doesn't matter whether you're a beginner or an advance runner, this machine can give you an intense workout.
The deluxe 16 character LED message center keeps you motivated during your run. While a 10x24 LED workout profile display and a control pad user console show your progress and allow for easy adjustment during a workout.
The 22" x 60" tread belt is longer than the cheaper models in the T-series. It gives enough room for you to move and be at ease during your workout. Plus, it features the new FlexDeck Select Adjustable Shock Absorption System. This adjustable cushioning is better than the ordinary FlexDeck offered by cheaper Life models. As a result, you'll get safer and more comfortable workouts.
Another feature this treadmill boasts is its numerous workout programs. It comes with 18 workouts with 7 custom and 7 personalized workouts per user and up to 4 user profiles can be stored at once. And, it also offers 5 HeartSync™ heart rate controlled workouts which can be use through the help of the Lifepulse™ hand sensors and wireless heart rate monitoring system.
Other features include a GoSystem™ Quick Start with 3 speed and incline presets, ergonomically placed control pad puts key controls easily within reach, a reading rack and an accessory tray to place your magazines and sports bottles.
And finally, the Life Fitness T7-0 treadmill provides excellent warranties. It gives a lifetime warranty for its frame and Lifespring shock absorbers, 10 years for the motor, 7 years for mechanical and electrical parts, and a year for labor.
So far, I don't see any weakness on this machine. It would be hard to look for one considering the value it provides.
To conclude, I highly recommend the Life Fitness T7-0 treadmill. However, with a tag price of $4,500, I don't think a lot of people can afford it. If this is the case with you, I suggest you visit our Best Buy Treadmills page. There, you will find the best home treadmills arranged by price.
If you plan on buying a Life Fitness T7-0 treadmill, I suggest you buy it at amazon. They offer the best price around the net. You can get it for just $4,499.


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New York's 65th State Assembly district is one of the 150 districts in the New York State Assembly. It has been represented by Democrat Grace Lee since 2023, succeeding Yuh-Line Niou.

Geography

2020s

2022
District 65 is located in Manhattan, comprising Chinatown and the Lower East Side.

2012-2022
District 65 is located in Manhattan, comprising Chinatown, the Financial District, Battery Park City, and the Lower East Side.

Recent election results

2022

2020

2018

2016

2016 special

2014

2012

References

65


Mother Care As Soft As Baby Lotion 500ML Mother care's As Soft As baby lotion has been specially developed to keep your little one's skin moisturised and to prevent any dry skin. It's suitable from birth and is ideal to rub in to your baby's skin to keep it lovely and soft after bath time. The special formula is ideal for sensitive skin and has been dermatologiacally tested and is hypo-allergenic and approved by paediatricians, and is ideal for the whole family.


My Orange Marmalade was the result of a few requests from my readers. Besides, I do love making jams and marmalades. They're simple to make, much less expensive, and they taste SO much better than store bought.
Clean and sterilize your jars. Place two small plates and spoons in the freezer.
Thoroughly wash the oranges to remove any wax and residue. Reserving 4 oranges or so, cut the rest of the oranges in half lengthwise. Cut out the center membrane of each half leaving a notch. Over a bowl with a small strainer, remove the seeds by running your finger down the middle of the groove a few times. Strain the seeds reserving any juice. Place the seeds in a small muslin bag.
Combine the sliced oranges, water, orange and lemon juice, the bag of orange seeds, and sugar in a large, nonreactive pan. Bring the mixture to a boil, reduce to a simmer and cook until the rinds are tender and the mixture just begins to thicken. Remove the seed bag, squeezing it a bit to release any juice and discard. Stirring occasionally, continue to simmer the mixture until it begins to coat the back of a spoon and runs off in a sheet instead of a thin stream. Be patient; this may take up to an hour or so.
Using a canning funnel, ladle the hot orange marmalade into the clean sterilized jars leaving ¼″ headspace. Wipe the rims clean, attach the lids, label, date, and store the marmalade in the refrigerator for up to 3 weeks or freeze in freezer jars for up to a year. When frozen, thaw in refrigerator for 24 hours before use.
Notes: Valencia or Saville orange are the best oranges to use when making homemade orange marmalade because they are thin skinned with less pith and quite juicy. You can use other oranges, but the thicker pith makes for a slightly bitter marmalade. If you like that, then have at it. Why use the seeds? The seeds provide the natural pectin needed to set the marmalade. Obviously, you can double the recipe if desired. The same method can be used to make any citrus marmalade. You may need to increase or decrease the sugar if the citrus is sweeter or more tart. For something different, a combination of lemons and oranges can be fun too.
I'm looking forward to spreading this wonderful sweet goodness on my soon to be shared homemade English scones. They will be a perfect match; don't you think?
After I've frozen my stash, not to be greedy, I'll box up a few jars to give to my friend who happens to LOVE Orange Marmalade.
If you enjoyed my "Orange Marmalade," check out my Meyer Lemon Marmalade, Freezer Plum Jam, Homemade Raspberry or Blackberry Jam, or my Fresh Fig Jam. Enjoy.


As soon as the calendar flipped over to July, I could feel the slow descent into winter begin. I was already planting fall crops, and the scorching heat in June made our normal summer temperatures in July feel relatively cool.
Despite seeing winter on the horizon, our summer crops are coming in with a vengeance. I sent Mark to town Tuesday with two big bags of squash and cucumbers --- "and don't come home until they're all gone!" (He foisted the vegetables off on appreciative librarians.) I'm saving seeds and freezing winter soup as fast as I can too, of course.
Even the winter keepers are starting to ripen. The earliest-planted butternut squash are turning brown, and the leaves are beginning to lose their vibrant summer form.
It's hard to believe that we only have five frost-free months to grow all of these tender vegetables, but somehow it all gets done (and they all get eaten). Good thing we budget time to simply enjoy the bounty!
Our chicken waterer lets you go out of town for a weekend or a week without worrying about your flock.
August sixth is cross quarter--halfway between the beginning of summer and beginning of fall. I've noticed dry pecan leaves piling up against the front steps, and katydids beginning to call.
I started our garden late, so I didn't get as much planted as I wanted. Using the huggleculture method really helped us grow bigger potatoes. So I have an area in the back with 3 new huggle rows for potatoes next year. I am also starting one up on the hill behind us for potatoes the following year.
My winter cabbage is growing nicely in 1 gallon pots and I put carrots in one gallon pots and they are coming too. Excited!
I will be building a huggle pile behind the trailer for sweet potatoes next year. Hope they turn out good.
I followed your advise with our winter squash and added more nitrogen. Low and behold, the witner squash took off like a gray hound. Ha! Ha!
Mona --- Glad to hear your garden is thriving! I'm also excited to know that nitrogen perked your winter squash right up. I hope the rest of your year turns out as well!


Students will take notes on a handout as Benson explains various aspects of tropical cyclones - In the USA we call them "hurricanes". Students should read text pages 575-577 (honors 570-576). If you were gone, watch this presentation and check out this animation of a storm surge. Also, watch this 3-minute video and short storm surge video.
Benson will explain the Super-Blue-Lunar Eclipse (website). Students will watch a video about Hurricane Sandy. If you were gone, watch it on YouTube.
We will finish the video and then read an article about the possible influence of global warming on hurricane intensity. If you were gone, get the article from Benson and write a 1-paragraph summary of the article (3 points possible).
Students will take notes as Benson explains the theory of Plate Tectonics. If you were gone, read text pages 248-261 (honors 194-200).
Students will watch a video called "The Deepest Place on Earth." If you were gone, watch it on YouTube.
Question(s) of the week: Warm water provides the "fuel" for tropical storms (we call them hurricanes). Explain how warm water contributes to the rain AND wind in a tropical cyclone.
Students will do a worksheet.
Students will take notes as Benson explains several aspects of tornadoes. Students should read text pages 573-574 (honors 564-568). If you were gone, get a copy of the notes handout, and copy it.
Students will watch this 43-minute video.
Students will take notes as Benson explains how Doppler RADAR works. If you were gone, read this web page and watch this video.
After a short introduction, students will do a map activity (The Blizzard of '93). Read text pages 567-568 (honors 558-561). If you were gone watch this presentation, then do the map activity.
Students will take notes on a handout as Benson explains various aspects of tropical cyclones - In the USA we call them "hurricanes". Students should read text pages 575-577 (honres 570-576). If you were gone, watch this presentation and check out this animation of a storm surge. Also, watch this 3-minute video and short storm surge video.
January 15-19 is Finals Week!
Attention honors students: The topics of the essay questions are as follows . . .
Students will watch a video about lightning. Attention honors students: The MESPOWs for this week are #2 and #114.
Students will take notes on a handout as Benson explains various hazards associated with lightning and hail. If your were gone be sure to read through this web page. Get a copy of the notes handout and copy the notes you missed, and watch this 5-minute video.
Students will continue to take notes on a handout as Benson explains various hazards associated with thunderstorms. If you were gone be sure to read through this web page and watch watch/read all of the links below as well.
Students will do a lab related to latent heat (microbursts). If you miss this day, watch this video of the lab and the video below. Then do the make-up assignment - Ask Benson for a copy.
We will take some notes on fronts, and then review for the test. If you were gone, take a look at these Cold and Warm Front Animations. Also read text pages 564-567 (honors 556-557). Here is a link to the Kahoot review: KaHoot!
Question of the week: Explain what causes a microburst.
8-30-15 - Wet Microburst Chandler Arizona from Monsoon Tracker on Vimeo.
Students will watch a video about WWII balloon bombs (related to the jet stream), and then review several concepts covered in December. If you were gone watch this video, read this Wikipedia page, carefully read this web page, and carefully read this one also.
Students will take notes as Benson explains several aspects of jet streams.
Students will have a short notebook entry and then do a map activity (jet streams).
Students will do a map activity (Highs and Lows) and then take notes.


..... Click the link for more information. in separate revelations over the major portion of the Prophet's life at Mecca and at Medina, the Qur'an was intended as a recited text, and was not compiled as a single volume during the life of the Prophet. The establishment of the canonical text is attributed to the 3d caliph, Uthman, who appointed a committee (651–52) to reconcile the conflicting versions then available, under the direction of Zaid ibn Thabit, one of the Prophet's scribes. The internal organization of the Qur'an is somewhat ad hoc. Revelations consisted of verses (ayat) grouped into 114 chapters (suras). The arrangement of the suras is mechanical: the first, al-Fateha or "the Opening," is a short prayer exalting God that has become an essential part of all Islamic liturgy and prayer. The rest are graded generally by length, from longest to shortest. It is thus impossible to tell from the book the chronological order of revelations; generally, however, the shorter suras, more electric and fervent than the rest, are the earlier, while many of the longer ones (and all of those revealed at Medina) are later. The Qur'an refers to religious and historical events but seldom provides comprehensive accounts. Its focus is their significance, rather than their narration. God in the Qur'an speaks in the first person. Tafsir, Qur'anic exegesis, initially emerged as a branch of the science of Hadith, in the attempt to gather Muhammad's elucidations of obscure Qur'anic passages, then developed into a separate discipline with the introduction of etymological and literary analysis tools. Being the verbatim Word of God, the text of the Qur'an is valid for religious purposes only in its original Arabic, cannot be modified, and is not translatable, although the necessity for non-Arabic interpretations is recognized. This has made the Qur'an the most read book in its original language and preserved a classical form of Arabic as an Islamic lingua franca and medium of learning.
See A. J. Arberry's translation of the Qu'ran, The Koran Interpreted (2 vol., 1955, repr. in 1 vol., 2008); I. Toshihiko, God and Man in the Koran (1964); R. Bell, Introduction to the Koran (2d ed. 1970); K. Cragg, The Event of the Koran (1971); W. H. Wagner, Opening the Qur'an: Introducing Islam's Holy Book (2008); Z. Sardar, Reading the Qur'an (2011); G. Wills, What the Qur'an Meant and Why It Matters (2017).
Muhammad was illiterate. The text he received from Allah and dictated to scribes, compiled and referenced only eighteen years after his death in 632 CE, is called the Qur'an ("Recitation"; also transliterated as Koran). As one of the most recent of the world's scriptural texts, it has a strong historical basis. And because it cannot truthfully be translated from its original Arabic, we know exactly what Muhammad caused to be written, down to the very last word. For those who cannot read Arabic, it has, of course, been translated into various languages. But those translations are not considered to be valid copies of the Qur'an. They are simply aids.
The Qur'an is divided into 114 chapters (suras), which are further divided into a total of some 6,000 verses. In length, it is roughly the same as the Christian New Testament.
In the name of God, Most gracious, Most Merciful, Praise be to God, The Cherisher and Sustainer of the Worlds: Most Gracious, Most merciful; Master of the Day of Judgment. Thee do we worship, And Thine aid we seek. Show us the straight way, The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, Those whose (portion) is not wrath, and who go not astray.
Mankind was one single nation, and Allah sent Messengers with glad tidings and warnings; and with them he sent the Book in truth, to judge between people in matters wherein they differed; but the People of the Book, after the clear Signs came to them, did not differ among themselves, except through selfish contumacy (2:213) ... Say, "O People of the Book! Come to common terms as between us and you: That we worship none but Allah" (3:64).
Many of the stories, of course, differ somewhat from their Jewish or Christian counterparts. Ishmael, Abraham's eldest son, is the one to whom a blessing is imparted, not Isaac, the youngest. Jesus is crucified and dies in the Christian scriptures. But in the Qur'an: "they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not: Nay, Allah raised him up unto himself: And Allah is exalted in power, Wise" (4:157-158).
These common stories probably mean that Muhammad's audience was already familiar with the stories of both the Hebrew and Christian scriptures. But the Qur'an is considered by Muslims to be the final revelation by God to humankind. It completes the divine revelation. It is God's final word until that day when "Allah reward[s] the righteous, (namely) those whose lives the angels take in a state of purity, saying (to them), `Peace be on you; enter ye the garden, because of (the good) which ye did (in the world)'" (16:27-32).


text:
3 Cathie Wood Investments That Could Deliver Superior Returns
Investors may want to follow the ARK Invest founder's lead when it comes to these tech stocks.
Will Healy
(TMFWillHealy)
Oct 19, 2021 at 7:10AM
Will Healy is a freelance financial writer who has had a lifelong interest in the stock market, along with numerous, less-useful pursuits. Will pursued his passion for writing after working in the corporate world as both an analyst and an insurance sales professional. He holds a bachelor's degree from Texas A&M Univesity, and M.S. from the University of North Texas, and an MBA in finance and strategy from the University of Texas at Dallas Jindal School of Management.
Follow @HealyWriting
Little-known 3D printer company Nano Dimension is taking aim at an unusual niche market.
Expanding its competitive moat has boosted the potential of telehealth leader Teladoc Health.
Social media company Twitter is undervalued relative to its peers.
In the investment world, Cathie Wood has garnered increasing attention for her successes in recent years. Her ARK Innovation ETF (NYSEMKT:ARKK) boasts a 1-year return of 22% and an average annualized return of 40% over the last five years.
Wood has accomplished this by picking market-leading companies that put an emphasis on innovation in their respective industries. Holdings such as Nano Dimension (NASDAQ:NNDM), Teladoc Health (NYSE:TDOC), and Twitter (NYSE:TWTR) have the potential to boost those returns further. Let's find out a bit more about these three companies.
1. Nano Dimension
Nano Dimension stands out in the 3D printing world for its unique capabilities -- its printers can make circuit boards. Previously, the only option for a company that needed custom circuit boards was to contract with a manufacturer such as Jabil and purchase them in sufficient quantities to make that cost-effective.
Nano Dimension's DragonFly LDM system applies lights-out digital manufacturing (LDM) to make electronic circuitry via a 3D printer. This enables smaller electronics businesses to produce their own custom circuit boards independently.
Its major risk is sales. It only generated $1.6 million in revenue in the first half of 2021. Considering its printers sell for between $50,000 and $100,000, that top-line figure shows its unit sales are minuscule, though revenue did rise by 64% from the first six months of 2020. Also, with around $30 million in operating expenses during that period, profitability is a long way off.
However, the company holds over $1.4 billion in financial reserves, which should allow it to survive for a long time and invest in product improvements as it works its way toward profitability. A team of 130 scientists and engineers also supports this product.
Fundamentally, though, investing in Nano Dimension stock is a bet that the company can find the market for DragonFly. About 2% of Wood's ARK Autonomous Tech & Robotics ETF (NYSEMKT:ARKQ) consists of Nano Dimension stock, and the fund has added shares in recent weeks. If future quarters' results validate Wood's optimism about the company, this tech stock could bring shareholders a substantial payoff.
2. Teladoc Health
Teladoc is the leader in telehealth, connecting patients to healthcare services via video calls. Although such a service would seem to have a narrow competitive moat at first glance, Teladoc has made investments such as its acquisitions of Livongo Health and Advance Medical that give it expertise and enhanced patient monitoring options that competitors may struggle to match.
Still, concerns about the durability of its competitive advantage have weighed on the stock. Investors sold off Teladoc earlier this year on word that Amazon was entering the telehealth market. The stock has fallen by around 55% since February.
However, the company reported $957 million in revenue for the first half of 2021, a 127% increase year over year, so that price drop may seem strange. On the other hand, its operating expenses grew by almost 150% during that period, taking its losses to $333 million, well above the $55 million it lost in the first half of 2020.
Nonetheless, the company projects at least $2 billion in revenue for 2021, up 84% from its 2020 revenue of $1.1 billion. Wood has also made it the second-largest holding in the ARK Innovation ETF, comprising more than 6% of that portfolio. It also makes up 5% of the ARK Next Generation Internet ETF (NYSEMKT:ARKW).
Wood has continued to add Teladoc shares to multiple ARK funds. This could point to a belief that investors have overreacted to the Amazon threat. Assuming the company can continue its rapid revenue growth, it could validate Wood's bet on this battered stock.
Twitter is another large holding of Wood's that may capture investor attention, making up about 5.5% of the ARK Next Generation ETF. It may have drawn this interest due to the competitive advantage it holds for media figures and others trying to reach broad audiences with their messages. Also, its limits on the length of posts bring a simplicity one will not find on Facebook.
Wood increased the size of her Twitter position in September after the company added an option that enables users to tip "influencers" and content creators on the platform in Bitcoin. This should broaden Twitter's appeal; in fact, at least one analyst considers Twitter the ultimate cryptocurrency stock to buy now.
Thanks in part to that appeal, Twitter brought in more than $2.2 billion in revenue in the first half of 2021 -- up 49% year over year. This revenue increase, along with lower interest costs and $56 million in income from equity investments, led to a profit of $134 million, an improvement over the $1.4 billion loss reported over the same period of 2020.
This does not mean that Twitter will completely escape the effect of the economic reopening. Management expects no growth in the number of daily active users in the second half of 2021. The company also predicts its costs and expenses will grow by 30%.
Moreover, though it forecasts that revenue growth will exceed that rate, management offered no revenue or earnings forecasts beyond Q3. Furthermore, with the company predicting a possible operating loss, sustained profitability remains an issue.
Still, the stock price has risen by more than 35% over the last year, and Twitter's price-to-sales ratio of 12 is less than Pinterest's P/S ratio of 15 or Snap's P/S ratio of 35. Such dynamics could set up Twitter for gains should conditions cause investors to conclude that its valuation ought to be more in line with those of its peers.


Prior report: La.App., 28 So.3d 1241.
In re Shelton, Shawn; — Plaintiff; Applying For Writ of Certiorari and/or Review, Parish of Rapides, 9th Judicial District Court Div. A, No. 230,508; to the Court of Appeal, Third Circuit, No. 09-871.


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SAE J Revised AUG RELATED PUBLICATIONS—The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a. 14 Apr SAE J – Recommended Environmental Practices for Electronic Equipment Design in Heavy-Duty Vehicle Applications is focused on. SAE J This standard is relevant heavy-duty vehicle applications. Besides a huge list of environmental tests, this standards also a suite of EMC tests for.
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SAE sites two sae j1455 relevant ssae here:. Sequence of Testing In general, SAE recommends placing the most severe environmental testing last ie. There are further location sub-categories, but here are the basics: Se and vibration — will the sae j1455 design and mounting location be susceptible to the simultaneous combined exposure of both temp and vibration?
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At low temps, water can freeze inside the sae j1455 if the seal has failed. Middle East Australia Africa. Temperature cycling is often performed first to condition the test article to function mechanically.


There are three levels of registration fee: General, Academic, and Student, plus a special Accompanying rate intended for spouses, guests, etc., who will not attend the scientific sessions but who wish to join the meals and social events. It is possible to register separately for the main conference or for the affiliated workshops (workshop registrants may choose which workshop to attend, and may switch between them). A combined registration for both conference and workshops is available at a discounted rate.
The Academic rate is available to all attendees with a full-time position at an educational institution or other non-profit organization as well as any attendees presenting a paper.
Cancellations before December 12, 2014 will be refunded in full. Cancellations after that date will be assessed a 20% cancellation fee. No refunds will be made after December 31, 2014.
At least one author for each accepted paper, poster or panel needs to register at General or Academic rate.
all social events (Monday–Thursday, excluding Thursday reception).
all social events (on the corresponding days).
All attendees are welcome at the registration reception on Sunday.


The Perth branch of Accuweigh recently installed tank scales for Optima Agriculture's plant in Osborne Park WA, for high accuracy weighing of liquid ingredients used in the manufacture of their fertilizers.
To prevent any excessive tank movements due to external forces like wind, bumping by fork lift, etc. the tank scales are mounted on 4 x Flintec RC3 industrial load cells fitted with restraining mechanisms. An Accuweigh X320 hazardous area indicator with IP69K rating was fitted due to the external mounting position of the tank scales.
The existing thin wall stainless steel tank required a support structure to be fitted underneath the tank to provide a sturdy fixing point for the tank scales load cells. To ensure the accuracy of the tank scales wasn't compromised by the pump operation the pump used for filling and emptying the liquids was also fitted to the support structure.
Optima Agriculture is a 100% W.A. owned and run company that manufactures a selected range of calcium based soil and plant improvement products and places a strong emphasis on providing a quality range of products that deliver great results year after year.