text:
Terri Swearingen é uma enfermeira do estado de Ohio.

Ela recebeu o Prémio Ambiental Goldman em 1997 por organizar os protestos contra o incinerador de lixo tóxico da Waste Technologies Industries na cidade de East Liverpool, Ohio, nos Apalaches.

Uma das suas citações foi "Estamos vivendo neste planeta como se tivéssemos outro para onde ir."

Condecorados com o Prémio Ambiental Goldman
Pessoas vivas
Ambientalistas dos Estados Unidos


text:
module.exports = function(grunt) {

  // Please see the grunt documentation for more information regarding task and
  // helper creation: https://github.com/gruntjs/grunt/blob/master/docs/toc.md

  // ==========================================================================
  // TASKS
  // ==========================================================================

  var task_name = 'bower';
  var task_desc = 'Copy bower installed components to dist folder.';
  var _ = grunt.utils ? grunt.utils._ : grunt.util._;
  var path = require('path');
  var bower = require('bower');
  var log = grunt.log.write;
  var helpers = require('./lib/helpers').init(grunt);

  grunt.registerMultiTask(task_name, task_desc, function() {
    var done = this.async();
    var targets = (this.file) ? [this.file] : this.files;
    var options = this.data.options || {};
    var stripAffix = options.stripJsAffix || options.stripAffix;
    var copyOptions = {
        process: options.process || null
    };

    bower.commands.list({paths: true, relative: false})
      .on('end',  function (data) {
        _(data).each(function(lib_path, lib_name) {
          var dest_file_path;
          var src_paths = helpers.getLibFilenames(
            lib_path,
            bower.config.directory,
            lib_name
          );

          try {
            if(options.ignorePackages) {
              if(!Array.isArray(options.ignorePackages)) {
                throw "`ignorePackages` is not an array";
              }
              if(options.ignorePackages.indexOf(lib_name) != -1) {
                return;
              }
            }

            if(src_paths.length == 0) {
              throw "no files";
            }

            targets.forEach(function(target) {
              var dest = target.dest || path.join('public', 'scripts' ,'vendor');
              var dest_file_name;

              var dests = helpers.getDests(target);

              var package_dest = '';
              var package_dests = {};
              var package_opt = options.packageSpecific &&
                options.packageSpecific[lib_name];
              var strip_glob_base = false;
              var relative_glob_expanded_path = {};

              if(package_opt) {
                strip_glob_base = typeof package_opt.stripGlobBase !== 'undefined'
                    ? package_opt.stripGlobBase : options.stripGlobBase;
                package_dest = package_opt.dest;
                package_dests = helpers.getDests(package_opt);

                if(_(package_opt.files).isArray()) {
                  // FIXME src_paths should be concat with the original src_paths
                  src_paths = _(package_opt.files).reduce(function(p, file) {
                    var full_path = path.join(bower.config.directory, lib_name, file);
                    if(/\*/.test(file)) {
                      // var glob_base = path.join(bower.config.directory, lib_name, file.replace(/\*.*$/, ''));
                      // var glob_pattern = file.replace(/^[^\*]*/,'');
                      var expanded_paths = grunt.file.expand({filter: 'isFile'}, full_path);

                      if(strip_glob_base) {
                        var glob_base = path.join(bower.config.directory, lib_name, file.replace(/\*.*$/, ''));
                        var glob_base_re = new RegExp('^' + glob_base);
                        expanded_paths.forEach(function(expanded_path) {
                          var relatie_path = expanded_path.replace(glob_base_re, '');
                          relative_glob_expanded_path[expanded_path] = relatie_path;
                        });
                      }
                      return p.concat(expanded_paths);

                    } else {
                      return p.concat(full_path);
                    }
                  }, []);
                }
              }

              // check if we want to strip file type affix in lib_name
              var ext = src_paths[0].split('.').pop()
              if(stripAffix) {
                var regexp = new RegExp("\\W?" + ext + "$");
                dest_file_name = lib_name.replace(regexp, '') + '.' + ext;
              } else {
                dest_file_name = lib_name + '.' + ext;
              }

              var expanded_dir = '', file_name, ext_name, dest_dir;
              var flatten =
                (package_opt && typeof package_opt.keepExpandedHierarchy != 'undefined')
                ? !package_opt.keepExpandedHierarchy
                : options.keepExpandedHierarchy === false;

              if(!flatten) {
                expanded_dir = grunt.file.expand(path.join(bower.config.directory, lib_name)).shift();
              }

              _(src_paths).chain().map(function(src_path) {
                return grunt.file.expand(src_path);
              }).flatten().map(function(src_path) {
                var baseDirRegex = new RegExp(bower.config.cwd.replace(/\\/g,'[\\\/]') + '/?');
                return src_path.replace(baseDirRegex, '');
              }).each(function(src_path) {

                if (!flatten && expanded_dir && src_path.indexOf(expanded_dir) > -1) {
                  file_name = src_path.replace(expanded_dir, '');
                } else {
                  file_name = src_path.split(/[\\\/]/).pop();
                }
                ext_name = file_name.split('.').pop();
                dest_dir = package_dests[ext_name] ||
                  dests[ext_name] || package_dest || dest;

                dest_file_path = path.join(
                  dest_dir,
                  options.expand ? lib_name : '',
                  (!flatten && strip_glob_base) ? relative_glob_expanded_path[src_path] : file_name
                );

                try{
                  if (file_name && grunt.file.isDir(src_path)) {
                    if (!flatten && !expanded_dir) {
                      expanded_dir = src_path;
                    } else if (!flatten && src_path.indexOf(expanded_dir) == -1) {
                      expanded_dir = '';
                    }
                  } else if (file_name) {
                    grunt.file.copy(src_path, dest_file_path, copyOptions);
                    log(dest_file_path.cyan + ' copied.\n');
                  }
                } catch(e) {
                  log(('Fail to copy ').red +
                      src_path.yellow + (' for ').red +
                      lib_name.yellow + ('!\n').red);
                }
              });
            });
          } catch (err) {
            log(('Fail to copy lib file for ' + lib_name + '!\n').red);
          }
        });
        done();
      })
      .on('error', function (err) {
        grunt.fail.warn(err);
      });
  });
};

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Golf and Prince Edward Island go hand in hand. With a litany of accolades including "Top Golf Destination in Canada" (Toronto Sun).
Enjoy miles of beaches, championship courses and a ready supply of the world's finest seafood, all in the span of a day. The Cavendish golf courses are all within a 15 minute drive from Inn at The Pier.
If you plan to golf any on the provincial courses like Crowbush Cove, Dundarave or Brudenell River you can play the course twice on the same day and all you pay for on the second round is the cart. Golf More pay less! Call us!


text:
Epidesma metapolia is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1912. It is found in Colombia and Peru.

References

 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera generic names catalog

Epidesma
Moths described in 1912

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


There will be a lot of excitement at the Sciencenter in January!
* The featured exhibition Attack of the Bloodsuckers opens on January 9, 2016. Come sit in the Mosquito Cockpit to learn how mosquitoes find meals, and see live leeches and other blood-sucking creatures from around the world.
* Admission will be free at the Sciencenter on Sunday, January 10 from noon to 5 PM. Check out the new exhibition and more!
* The new NY Natives animal room will open on January 16.
The Sciencenter is located at 601 First Street in Ithaca. For more information, including other special events and programs, see www.sciencenter.org.


Did you face the same issue I did at Thanksgiving? I hope your holiday was fun and full of delicious food, but maybe you went through something like this, too. My husband and I went away for Thanksgiving and were treated to Thanksgiving dinner by our extended family. We got to reconnect with family we don't see often, see a cousin's new baby, and sit down for a big meal together. It was pretty awesome, except I couldn't eat my three favorite Thanksgiving staples - stuffing, gravy and pumpkin pie. I'm actually not complaining (although I admit I did spare them a longing glance) and I'll tell you why.
The meal was not entirely gluten free and I can't eat any foods that contain gluten.
Gluten is a protein found in grains like wheat, barley, rye, spelt, kamut, farro and related grains and it is the cause of a serious auto-immune condition called Celiac Disease that affects about 1 in 100 people in the U.S.
I ate a lot of gluten growing up and never seemed to have any issues with it. Pasta? YUM. Bagels (especially Montreal sesame bagels)? I could eat those ALL DAY. Pizza and beer? Um, hello college food!
Obviously, my diet as a teenager and in my early 20s was not ideal, but is it for any of us?
And then I was in that accident and my doctors told me that the majority of my brain healing would take place in the first two years of recovery. They also told me that major fatigue just came with having a brain injury and I needed to rest, rest, rest. So I waited, and I rested. I tried really hard to do all the right things and be kind to my brain and body.
But as that two year milestone approached, I was slowly trying to complete my Bachelor's degree via correspondence, taking one class at a time and still trying to rest! But I was STRUGGLING. I was tired ALL the time. I was plagued by brain fog that felt like heavy, sticky cotton candy coating my brain, I had headaches, I couldn't focus.
And knowing that most of the big stuff in my brain was supposed to be healed, I didn't understand why I still felt so injured. It was like I hadn't healed much at all! But then I had a conversation with my best friend, Lisa, that changed everything for me. We got talking about Celiac and its symptoms, and It was like a lightbulb lit up above my head!
I got off the phone with her and did more research, quickly seeing that the symptoms I felt fit with having an intolerance to gluten and possibly even Celiac Disease. I started paying close attention to what I was eating and right away I noticed a direct connection between eating food that contained gluten and feeling so fatigued, cranky and brain-foggy (not the technical term) that I could barely function.
Once the connection was clear, I eliminated gluten from my diet* and within a week or two (I'm not sure how long it took, now, but it was fast), I felt like a PERSON again! The brain fog lifted, I could focus on my school work, I didn't have the same fatigue I had previously felt... and suddenly I could feel what was the legitimate brian-injury-induced fatigue that required naps and breaks from whatever I was doing. It was like a light breaking through the darkness.
* If you think you have Celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, talk to your doctor!
Now, back to Thanksgiving. We went out and everything was already prepared, so I had no control over what was being served. It was high quality and very good but I wasn't able to request gluten free options and even though I had actually planned to bake a gluten free pumpkin pie and bring it with me, I just ran out of time and it never got made. I know, I know, stuffing, gravy and pie are NOT "healthy" foods. But indulging once or twice a year will not seriously damage anyone's health (unless you have an allergy or auto-immune condition like Celiac).
So I had turkey, some yummy rustic cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes, some mashed sweet potato-leek concoction and salad, but I skipped the green beans because they were topped with battered and fried onions (the batter was made with wheat flour) and I passed on my beloved stuffing (made with bread), gravy (thickened with a roux) and pumpkin pie (on a wheat crust).
But you know why I'm not complaining? I got to be with family that I adore and still eat a delicious meal that DIDN'T MAKE ME SICK! I enjoyed the whole evening and didn't have to deal with trying to function when my brain felt like it was shutting down. Thanksgiving to me is more about family and connection than it is about the food, and I knew that I could go home, roast the Primal Pastures pastured turkey I have in my freezer and make my own gluten free stuffing, gravy and pumpkin pie if I really wanted to. It was No. Big. Deal.
Gluten-free breakfast at Jewel's Bakery and Cafe in Phoenix, AZ. Crispy potatoes with kale, blueberry pancakes, an egg. 100% gluten-free, and they use local ingredients whenever possible and lots of organic stuff too.
And I got to enjoy a completely gluten-free and delicious breakfast at Jewel's Bakery and Cafe in Phoenix, AZ before we headed for home. They had no idea I was going to blog this - neither did I until I sat down to eat! But it was so good, I had to share. If you're passing through, it's at Thomas and 40th.
*I want to mention here that for people who have Celiac Disease, they often need food that is prepared in an ENTIRELY gluten-free setting. The tiniest bit of cross-contamination from a crumb or even flour dust can make many people very, very sick.
With Christmas right around the corner, do you stress out about what, if anything, you'll be able to eat when you're with your family? Are you cooking and worrying that your guests won't like your "weird" food?
If you're going to be with family, make sure they know your needs ahead of time and don't be afraid to get specific about what's ok for you to eat and what's not. If you're afraid your family won't "get it", ask if you can bring some dishes of your own! I know, it's NICE to not have to cook and be treated at Christmas to a special meal, but is being sick and unable to join in on the family fun really worth eating food you know will hurt you?
If you're cooking, don't sweat it! Turkey stuffing made with gluten-free bread is still really, really good! I make my own bread now, but store-bought brands like Udi's and Rudi's Gluten-Free are great stand-ins for "regular" bread. Gravy can be made just as easily using something like arrowroot or sorghum flour for the roux (other gluten-free flours are rice flour, millet flour, potato flour and potato starch, tapioca flour, etc.). If you use a gravy mix, Simply Organic makes different kinds that are organic and gluten-free. It's also pretty easy to find frozen gluten-free pie crusts now, too, if you don't want to brave making one from scratch. Have a look at your local health food store.
Sticking with real, unprocessed food - animal proteins, vegetables, root veggies, squash, fruits and nuts, - and avoiding baked goods and pre-made or processed food that come in a package with a list of ingredients is an easy way to have a gluten-free meal. Gluten-containing ingredients are often used as fillers or flavor enhancers in processed food, so just stay away.
Watch out for things like bottled sauces because they can contain gluten without you realizing it - soy sauce, for example, has wheat as one of the first ingredients. Gluten-free tamari is a great alternative to that. Read the ingredients carefully on any processed food item you buy and be careful with spices too. Mixed spices may contain gluten and even individual spices can be cross-contaminated with gluten, depending on how they're produced. If you're concerned, contact the company and ask them directly!
One blogger that helped me SO MUCH when I first went gluten-free in 2009 is the Gluten Free Girl - Shauna James Ahern. Her blog is full of amazing tips for living, eating and cooking gluten-free, so if you need more detailed help, head on over and check out her site! She also created a gluten-free Thanksgiving app for the iPad and as a digital download for the computer if you want to try out some gluten-free recipes.
She has no idea I'm telling you about her right now and I don't get anything for it. I just think she can really help with trying to navigate the going-gluten-free process - she definitely helped me. I'm also not compensated for mentioning specific brands here - I just want to help you out.
May your holidays be happy and bright, full of good cheer and amazing food! If you have any questions, or gluten-free tips of your own, just write them in the comments below! I'd love to hear from you!


text:
Red Sox Believe it or not, Bobby Dalbec hung out with Bruno Mars, Blink-182 before big leaguers
Believe it or not, Bobby Dalbec hung out with Bruno Mars, Blink-182 before big leaguers
By Rob Bradford, WEEI 93.7
FORT MYERS, Fla. -- The Red Sox thought it was a good idea for some of the younger players to introduce themselves to the rest of the team. So, Bobby Dalbec was first to go Thursday morning.
"You just have to stand up and tell the team about myself, something people should know," Dalbec explained.
It was a presentation that would be punctuated by the Red Sox displaying Dalbec's Twitter page, showing the photo of the Sox prospect sitting in a chair on the beach in Hawaii along with an unacceptable number of followers. It led to David Price imploring folks to get the prospect's number of followers up exponentially. (It worked.)
Wow @bobbydalbec is almost to 10k followers!! Let's just push it to 15k #redsoxnation #hesgotpop
— David Price (@DAVIDprice24) March 1, 2019
But that wasn't the biggest takeaway when it came to getting to know the 23-year-old.
"I just told them how much I was into music," he noted.
At it turns out, before Dalbec ever got the chance to hang around these major leaguers his brush with greatness included a laundry list of musical superstars.
Bruno Mars. Rob Thomas. Kid Rock. Robert Plant. Blink-182.
Dalbec is now even talking to the group "Portugal. The Man" about conducting a special walk-up song for the third baseman's at-bats.
This world Dalbec was introduced to as a youngster was thanks to his father, Tim, who has spent 35 years at Atlantic Records and currently holds the title of the Vice-President of Promotion for the music company.
"I grew up with Classic Rock and all that stuff," said Dalbec, who lists "Queen" as his favorite group. "I'm super into it."
While Dalbec's career path has taken him toward baseball and away from his father's industry, the infielder has recently found a way to integrate the two. This past offseason he splurged on a keyboard. "It's got all the bells and whistles," he said.
"Trying to learn it. It's pretty hard," Dalbec added. "But it's pretty cool for the mind and coordination. It makes your brain work a little bit. I've just always wanted to learn. I tried guitar but it wasn't working for me and then this offseason I got on a big Elton John and Billy Joel kick."
Early returns would suggest the Colorado native will find his way in the world of baseball. But ...
"If I wasn't doing this," he said, "I would be in the music business."
Bobby Dalbec

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Last week, I had the opportunity to listen to Pastor Matthew Barnett tell the story of his journey as the co-founder of The Dream Center in Los Angeles. The Dream Center is a church that never sleeps nor closes, and instead offers residents (and everyone else ministry) around the clock. More than just a church, The Dream Center is a vital part of the community that it serves. The Center offers residential rehabilitation programs for teens and adults, a shelter for victims of human trafficking, a transitional shelter for homeless families, mobile hunger relief and medical programs, and a foster care intervention outreach.
Housed in a former hospital, over 700 families live on the center's 400,000 sq. ft. campus and the organization receives and distributes one million pounds of food to LA residents. When I heard this, my mind was blown away…Another amazing fact? None of the operations are supported by the government. Incredible, especially with the size of their operations and the amount of work that they do.
As Pastor Barnett spoke to us, he reminded us that we all have one great cause, even if we don't recognize it yet. It was an uplifting and motivating talk, which inspired me to order his New York Times' bestseller, "The Cause within You: Finding the One Great Thing You Were Created to Do in This World." It's supposed to arrive by Friday and I can't wait to rip into it.
If you need a reminder about the power of believing in someone and following your dreams, I encourage you to learn more about The Dream Center. They've been recognized at the White House and various national press outlets. Here is a cool clip from CNN Heroes of George Lopez volunteering with the organization in LA.
CNN Heroes from PlainJoe on Vimeo.


text:
Investigating the marine microbial community – Patrick Rozema from the University of Groningen
Lucas Martínez secondment to NIOZ
Writing up papers and preparing next field work: Dolores time in the AWI macroalgae group
Closing the bag: Hernan and colleagues are finalizing their glaciological project on Fourcade glacier
Tamara gained new insight into the geophysical history of Potter Peninsula
Ralf Hoffman und Moritz Holtzappels
Camila: learning about ecological modeling
Uptake of anthropogenic CO2 and ocean acidification along the West Antarctic Peninsula
Intra-annual growth increments in fossil bivalve shells from Antarctica - high-resolution insights into a greenhouse world?
Patagonian bivalve shells - unique archives of environmental and climatic change
Food Webs: An Enlightening Stay at Bremerhaven
Multidisciplinary study of the sea pen Malacobelemnon daytoni - Potential effect of the Ocean Acidification
Investigating the ecological role of scavenging amphipods (Crustacea) in Potter Cove
Modelling of glacial melt water discharge for an Antarctic summer period
Pablo A. Heredia Barión: A PhD in Geology around Europe
Stay at CSIC-ICM: Antarctic Research with Catalan Accent
Stay at the British Antarctic Survey
A multidisciplinary project in an Antarctic limpet
Antarctic microbes do play a role in keeping their environment clean
Hernán Sala: glacier melt from a satellite perspective
AWI and the Chemical Ecology Group
Expedition Macroalgae Group 2013/2014
Secondment to AWI to study toxic microalgea
Secondment to La Plata
Glaciology Group - Carlini Feb 2014
Ecology Group - Carlini Jan 2014
IMCONet related Publications
Field Sites
IMCONet ›Publications ›IMCONet related Publications
IMCONet-related Publications
WP2- Pelagic Systems
Gutt, J., Adams, B., Bracegirdle, T., Cowan, D., Cummings, V., di Prisco, G., Gradinger, R., Isla, E., McIntyre, T., Murphy, E., Peck, L., Schloss, I.R , Smith, C., Suckling, C., Takahashi, A., Verde, C., Wall, D. H. and Xavier, J. (2013) "Antarctic Thresholds – Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation: a new SCAR-Biology Programme". Polarforschung, 82 (2): 147-150.
Kennicutt, M.C., S.L. Chown, J.J. Cassano, D. Liggett, L.S. Peck, R. Massom, S.R. Rintoul, J. Storey, D.G. Vaughan, T.J. Wilson, I. Allison, J. Ayton, R. Badhe, J. Baeseman, P.J. Barrett, R.E. Bell, N. Bertler, S. Bo, A. Brandt, D. Bromwich, C. Cary, M.S. Clark, P. Convey, E.S. Costa, D. Cowan, R. Deconto, R. Dunbar, C. Elfring, C. Escutia, J. Francis, H.A. Fricer, M. Fukuchi, N. Gilbert, J. Gutt, C. Havermans, D. Hik, G. Hosie, C. Jones, Y.D. Kim, Y. Le Maho, S.H. Lee, M. Leppe, G. Leitchenkov, X. Li, V. Lipenkov, K. Lochte, J. López-Martínez, C. Lüdecke, W. Lyons, S. Marenssi, H. Miller, P. Morozova, T. Naish, S. Nayak, R. Ravindra, J. Retamales, C.A. Ricci, M. Rogan-Finnemore, Y. Ropert-Coudert, A.A. Samah, L. Sanson, T. Scambos, I.R. Schloss, K. Shiraishi, M.J. Siegert, J. Simões M.D., B. Storey Sparrow, D.H. Wall, J.C. Walsh, G. Wilson, J.G. Winther, J.C. Xavier, H. Yang And W.J. Sutherland. A roadmap for Antarctic and Southern Ocean science for the next two decades and beyond. Antarctic Science. In press. doi:10.1017/S0954102014000674
Kennicutt, M.C., S.L. Chown, J.J. Cassano, D. Liggett, L.S. Peck, R. Massom, S.R. Rintoul, J. Storey, D.G. Vaughan, T.J. Wilson, I. Allison, J. Ayton, R. Badhe, J. Baeseman, P.J. Barrett, R.E. Bell, N. Bertler, S. Bo, A. Brandt, D. Bromwich, C. Cary, M.S. Clark, P. Convey, E.S. Costa, D. Cowan, R. Deconto, R. Dunbar, C. Elfring, C. Escutia, J. Francis, H.A. Fricer, M. Fukuchi, N. Gilbert, J. Gutt, C. Havermans, D. Hik, G. Hosie, C. Jones, Y.D. Kim, Y. Le Maho, S.H. Lee, M. Leppe, G. Leitchenkov, X. Li, V. Lipenkov, K. Lochte, J. López-Martínez, C. Lüdecke, W. Lyons, S. Marenssi, H. Miller, P. Morozova, T. Naish, S. Nayak, R. Ravindra, J. Retamales, C.A. Ricci, M. Rogan-Finnemore, Y. Ropert-Coudert, A.A. Samah, L. Sanson, T. Scambos, I.R. Schloss, K. Shiraishi, M.J. Siegert, J. Simões M.D., B. Storey Sparrow, D.H. Wall, J.C. Walsh, G. Wilson, J.G. Winther, J.C. Xavier, H. Yang And W.J. Sutherland (2014) Polar research: Six priorities for Antarctic science. Nature 512: 23-25. List of co-authors in supplementary material: http://www.nature.com/polopoly_fs/7.18966.1407260321!/suppinfoFile/512023a_s2.pdf
Moreau, S., Mostajir, B., Almandoz, G.O., Demers, S., Hernando, M., Lemarchand, K., Lionard, M., Mercier, B., Roy, S., Schloss, I.R, Thyssen, M., Ferreyra, G.A. (2014) Effects of enhanced temperature and ultraviolet B radiation on a natural plankton community of the Beagle Channel (Southern Argentina): a mesocosm study. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 72: 155-173.
Moreau, S., diFiori, E., Schloss, I.R., Almandoz, G.O., Esteves, J.L., Paparazzo, F.E., Ferreyra, G.A. (2013) The role of phytoplankton composition and microbial community metabolism in sea–air ΔpCO2 variation in the Weddell Sea. Deep-Sea Research I 82 44–59.
WP3 - Microbiology
Ahmad SA, Shukor Y, Shamaan NA, Mac Cormack WP, Syed MA (2013). Molybdate reduction to Molybdenum Blue by an Antarctic bacterium. BioMed Research International vol. 2013, 10 pages, Article ID 871941, doi:10.1155/2013/871941.
Aran M, Smal C, Pellizza L, Gallo M, Otero LH, Klinke S, Goldbaum FA, Ithurralde ER, Bercovich A, Mac Cormack W.P., Turjanski A, Cicero D.O.(2014). Solution and crystal structure of BA42, a protein from the Antarctic bacterium Bizionia argentinensis comprised of a stand-alone TPM domain. Proteins: structure, function and bioinformatics.. Online first, DOI:10.1002/prot.24667
Landone Vescovo IA, Golemba MD, Di Lello, FA, Culasso ACA, Levin G, Ruberto L, Mac Cormack WP, López JL. (2014). Rich bacterial assemblages from Maritime Antarctica (Potter Cove, South Shetlands) reveal several kinds of endemic and undescribed phylotypes. Revista Argentina de Microbiología., in press
WP5 - Geology
Cofaigh CÓ, Davies BJ, Livingstone SJ, Smith JA, Johnson JS, Hocking EP, Hodgson DA, Anderson JB, Bentley MJ, Canals M, Domack E, Dowdeswell JA, Evans J, Glasser NF, Hillenbrand C-D, Larter RD, Roberts SJ, Simms AR (2014). Reconstruction of ice-sheet changes in the Antarctic Peninsula since the Last Glacial Maximum, Quaternary Science Reviews, Volume 100,15 September 2014, Pages 87-110, ISSN 0277-3791
dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.06.023.
(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379114002522
Hillenbrand, C.-D., Bentley, M. J., Stolldorf, T. D., Hein, A. S., Kuhn, G., Graham, A. G. C., Fogwill, C. J., Kristoffersen, Y., Smith, J. A., Anderson, J. B., Larter, R. D., Melles, M., Hodgson, D. A., Mulvaney, R., Sugden, D. E., 2014. Reconstruction of changes in the Weddell Sea sector of the Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 100, 111-136.
Larter, R. D., Anderson, J. B., Graham, A. G. C., Gohl, K., Hillenbrand, C.-D., Jakobsson, M., Johnson, J. S., Kuhn, G., Nitsche, F. O., Smith, J. A., Witus, A. E., Bentley, M. J., Dowdeswell, J. A., Ehrmann, W., Klages, J. P., Lindow, J., Cofaigh, C. Ó., Spiegel, C., 2014. Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews 100, 55-86.
Strelin, J. A., Kaplan, M. R., Vandergoes, M. J., Denton, G. H., Schaefer, J. M., 2014. Holocene glacier history of the Lago Argentino basin, Southern Patagonian Icefield. Quaternary Science Reviews 101, 124-145.


These 330 square feet rooms feature contemporary decor, private balconies, and marble floors that lend them a lavish feel, ideal for relaxing. They also offer an impressive selection of amenities, which include flat screen TVs, Wi-Fi, and minibars restocked daily.
In addition, guests who choose to stay in this category will be provided with the following amenities: special in-room decorations, a fruit bowl, a bottle of sparkling wine and a romantic dinner in one of the specialty restaurants.
Playa Paraíso km 3.5, Zona Sur. Cozumel-South Zone, Quintana Roo.
Grand Park Royal Luxury Resort Cozumel is an impressive hotel with a great location in the heart of Cozumel and an excellent array of facilities. Situated just minutes from the cruise port, the property offers oceanfront Jacuzzis and two infinity pools, along with water slides for your little ones and a fantastic kids club.
When you're looking to unwind here you're almost spoilt for choice; the hotel has a full spa and a secluded beach club, as well as a fantastic array of sports available. Featuring fine dining, organized entertainment, and spacious guestrooms looking out on the Caribbean Sea, this hotel is a fabulous place to spend your next vacation on the stunning island of Cozumel.
Open from 11:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.
Open from 10:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.
Open from 6:30 p.m. to 2:00 a.m.


text:
Consortium for the Study of Religion, Ethics, and Society Consortium for the Study of Religion, Ethics, and Society Consortium for the Study of Religion, Ethics, and Society
Religion, Racism, Animal Ethics
Religious Pluralism
Religion and Race
Ethics in the Information Age
Symposia/Conferences
Home » Initiatives » Ethics in the Information Age
What are the ethical and social implications of contemporary developments in information technology?
The Ethics in the Information Age event series draws together scholars from Indiana University and nationally to explore this question. Our aims are to foster insights through interdisciplinary dialogue, explore potential for scholarly collaboration, and generate student engagement on topics of clear relevance to us all.
Co-Organizers:
Angie Raymond; Business Law and Ethics, Kelley School of Business, Bloomington, angraymo@indiana.edu
Scott James Shackelford; Business Law and Ethics, Kelley School of Business, Bloomington, sjshacke@indiana.edu
Previous Co-Organizers:
Fabio Rojas; Sociology, College of Arts and Sciences, Bloomington, frojas@indiana.edu
Joseph A. Tomain; Maurer School of Law, Bloomington, jtomain@indiana.edu
Event Schedule:
Rhetoric Versus the Robots: Mapping the Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Algorithmic Discrimination
Aaron McKain; Director of English, Digital Media, and Communication Arts at North Central University
Thursday Nov. 7th 3:30-5:30 PM
IU Bloomington Campus, Social Sciences Research Commons, Woodburn Hall second floor
In 2019, the use of algorithmic reasoning in law enforcement and commercial contexts has already triggered public outrage: Not only about the unreliability and inherent biases (e.g., racial and gendered) programmed into AI but also the Constitutional issues it presents in criminal proceedings. In an effort to more usefully catalyze and curate community concerns about this technology – in a language understandable to legislators, lawyers, policymakers, and programmers – the Institute for Digital Humanity has begun a national pilot to foster inter-cultural and inter-faith conversations on digital ethics. Moving beyond merely decrying "algorithmic discrimination," our method (a) taxonomizes legal and ethical data concerns (via rhetorical theory's categories of unreliability) and (b) triangulates these individual/community judgments with specific constitutional values (in criminal contexts) and a common civic nomenclature (for commercial contexts).
Far from the typical academic "show and tell," this public presentation is a training for interested professors, graduate students, and activists on how to (quickly) implement our discussion method (in classrooms and public venues) and, for interested parties, how to become part of our emerging pedagogical advocacy network as we build cross-partisan political coalitions dedicated to reforming and re-programming our post-digital world.
The Future of Privacy in the Digital Age
Fred Cate Vice President of Research at Indiana University
Jay Edelson Founder and CEO of Edelson PC
Zackary Heck Associate Lawyer at Taft Law, Dayton OH
Wednesday April 17th at 5:30 PM
Zachary Heck's practice focuses on privacy and data security. Specifically, Zach assists clients in the areas of privacy compliance, defense litigation, class action defense and guidance in the aftermath of an information security event, including data breach.
Jay Edelson is considered one of the nation's leading plaintiff's lawyers, having secured over $1 billion in settlements and verdicts for his clients. law360 described Jay as a "Titan of the Plaintiff's Bar". Jay has been recognized as one of "America's top trial lawyers" in the mass action arena. And he has been appointed to represent state and local governments on some of the largest issues of the day — ranging from opioids suits against the pharmaceutical companies to suits against Facebook for the Cambridge Analytca scandal.
IU Bloomington campus, Maurer School of Law, Moot Court Room
DNA: Law, Technology, and Ethics
Dr. Jody L. Madeira; Maurer School of Law, Indiana University
Professor Erin E. Murphy; NYU Law, New York City
Matthew B. White; sharing his experience as a child of fertility fraud and parent of donor children.
Friday March 1st 2019 1:15 - 2:45 PM
Bloomington campus, Maurer School of Law, Moot Court Room
Technological development continues to advance uses of DNA in our society. From catching the Golden State Killer, to reuniting families separated by ICE, to identifying the parents of donor children, uses of DNA raise some of the most challenging legal and ethical questions today. The sensitive nature of DNA, as well as the positive and negative ways in which its uses can affect individuals and society, require us to consider how the law ought to respond to these challenges. An expert panel will help us answer these questions.
After providing a broader framework involving DNA, law, and ethics, this panel will focus on familial DNA searches for criminal justice purposes, as well as the advent of direct-to-consumer technology and its unique consequences in the fertility fraud context.
*1.0 Ethics CLE Credit*
Big Data, AI, and Civic Virtue
Don Howard , Philosophy, University of Notre Dame
Thursday Feb. 28th 5-6:30 PM
IU Bloomington, Hodge Hall, Room 1038
We face a rapidly growing arrays of serious ethical challenges with the ever more widespread employment of big data analytics and artificial intelligence. Prominent problems include algorithmic bias that can reinforce or exacerbate patterns of discrimination in the criminal justice system or the hiring and promotion practices of corporations and government agencies, the risk of the misuse of data analytics and AI for purposes of political repression and control by authoritarian regimes, and the integration of such technologies in automated weapons systems. In most of the literature on such ethical challenges, the focus is on the ethical responsibilities of individual makers and consumers of technology. This talk will suggest that a helpful complement or alternative to this individualist ethical perspective is the perspective of civic virtue. But technology making and technology deployment is usually the work of whole communities of makers and users, and the ethical impacts often affect not just the individual maker or user but the well being and well functioning of the communities within which those individuals live and work. With reference to a few specific applications of data analytics and AI, we will ask what are the impacts that are either corrosive to or promote the flourishing of relevant communities, what are the virtuous habits of action of whole communities and individuals in community that are maximally conducive to human well being, and how we engineer the relevant communities to maximize the likelihood that such virtuous habits of action will emerge and be sustained.
Technology Enhanced Discrimination
Virginia Eubanks Associate Professor of Political Science at the University at Albany, SUNY. She is the author of Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor; Digital Dead End: Fighting for Social Justice in the Information Age; and co-editor, with Alethia Jones, of Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around: Forty Years of Movement Building with Barbara Smith.
Jessica Eaglin Professor of Law, Indiana University
Angie Raymond Business Law and Ethics, Indiana University
Monday Feb. 11th at 3 PM
Bloomington Campus, Faculty conference room, Maurer Law School
Co-hosted by the Maurer School of Law, the Ostrom Workshop, and the Kelley School of Business, Business Law and Ethics
RoboTruckers: The Double Threat of AI for Low-Wage Work
Karen Levy; Information Science, Cornell University
Monday January 14th time, 12:00 pm
Bloomington Campus, Social Science Research Commons, Grand Hall
Of late, much attention has been paid to the risk artificial intelligence poses to employment, particularly in low-wage industries. The question has invited well-placed concern from policymakers, as the prospect of millions of low-skilled workers finding themselves rather suddenly without employment brings with it the potential for tremendous social and economic disruption. Long-haul truck driving is perceived as a prime target for such displacement, due to the fast-developing technical capabilities of autonomous vehicles (many of which lend themselves in particular to the specific needs of truck driving), characteristics of the nature of trucking labor, and the political economy of the industry. In most of the public rhetoric about the threat of the self-driving truck, the trucker is contemplated as a displaced party. He is displaced both physically and economically: removed from the cab of the truck, and from his means of economic provision. The robot has replaced his imperfect, disobedient, tired, inefficient body, rendering him redundant, irrelevant, and jobless. But the reality is more complicated. The intrusion of automation into the truck cab indeed presents a threat to the trucker—but the threat is not solely or even primarily being experienced, as it is so often described, as a displacement. The trucker is still in the cab, doing the work of truck driving—but he is increasingly joined there by intelligent systems that monitor his body directly. Hats that monitor his brain waves and head position, vests that track his heart rate, cameras trained on his eyelids for signs of fatigue or inattention: these systems flash lights in his face, jolt his seat, and send reports to his dispatcher or even his family members should the trucker's focus waver. As more trucking firms integrate such technologies into their safety programs, truckers are not currently being displaced by intelligent systems. Rather, they are experiencing the emergence of intelligent systems as a compelled hybridization, a very intimate incursion into their work and bodies. This paper considers the dual, conflicting narratives of job replacement by robots and of bodily integration with robots, in order to assess the true range of potential effects of AI on low-wage work. [This paper is a chapter from Karen's book-in-progress, Data Driven: Truckers and the New Workplace Surveillance.]
AI Ethics and the Law
Alexander Duisberg
Friday October 19th 2018 12:00-1:00 PM
Maurer School of Law, Room 122
Dr. Alexander Duisburg, partner at Bird & Bird in Germany, will give a lunch talk titled "AI, Ethics and the Law – a European Perspective" at noon in Room 122 today, as part of his visit to the Ostrom Workshop.
Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Autonomous" Systems are transforming our lives at an incredible pace. Smart data, machine learning and autonomous cars are just a few of many appliances that will change the way we work and interact.
In Europe, the GDPR has set a new standard on how to deal with personal data, as part of the wider efforts to build the European data economy. At the same time, the ethical debate on science and new technology is shaping up. It is an important element to how Europeans set their agenda, including towards law and regulation on robotics and autonomous systems.
The presentation reflects the current state of debate on these issues. The practical example about autonomous vehicles shows how accountability, control and liability for self-learning systems is fit into the complex regulated environment of road traffic.
Alexander Duisberg is a partner of Bird & Bird in Munich, who specializes in data protection, digital transformation projects, Internet of Things, and complex technology transactions, with a particular focus on automotive, industrial and insurance sectors. He covers a range of matters, including agile development, platforms and the data economy, cloud, cyber security, licensing and technology disputes.
Fil Menczer
Computer Science and Informatics, IU Bloomington
5 Reasons Why Social Networks Make us Vulnerable to Misinformation
Tuesday Sept. 25th 2018 at 12 PM
Bloomington campus, Woodburn Hall, SSRC/200
As social media become major channels for the diffusion of news and information, it becomes critical to understand how the complex interplay between cognitive, social, and algorithmic biases triggered by our reliance on social networks makes us vulnerable to misinformation. This talk overviews ongoing network analytics, modeling, and machine learning efforts to study the viral spread of misinformation and to develop tools for countering the online manipulation of opinions.
Copyright © The Trustees of Indiana University , Copyright Complaints


Oh Oh Tee Dee updates! What is your weekend style? Here are some ootd (outfit of the day) of my casual weekend wearing the Folk Print V-neck Top from Yoins means Yours Inspiration.
I got this Folk Print V-neck blouse from Yoins online boutique few weeks ago. The moment I saw it I know that I am going to get it. I just love the bold, colorful print pattern and folk style. Ironically usually I like to wear plain blouses like white or black but this time I wish to try something bolder.
It comes with 3/4 length sleeves and tassels. It's free size, medium fit and a bit loose for me but it's comfy. It can be easily paired with shorts, culottes, jeans or slim fit pants. I wore it with my favourite pair of black skort and platform sandals. Kinda perfect casual weekend outfit for me.
Yoins, you can also find many dresses, tops, bottoms, bags and accessories. Yoins is your inspiration to move away from the crowds, to stop following the herd, and to start expressing who you really are.
Yoins was established in 2014 brought together the best styles and trends from the catwalk and the street, reworked them to create comfortable, high quality, fashionable clothing, and brought them to you at affordable prices.


Murray Campbell - Calgary mortgage specialist. Get the best mortgage rate in Calgary for your home.
Canada Mortgage, RFO - mortgage evaluation tools.
Cannex - the financial institutions have online access to CANNEX and are responsible for entering, updating and maintaining their own interest rate and product information.
Hongkong Bank of Canada - residential mortgages.
Mortgages Canada - residential mortgages.
Royal Bank - mortgage calculator.
Royal Bank - residential mortgage rates.
Recommend this Calgary Mortgage page to a friend.


text:
Cutting the Cords
By jdurham on April 28, 2005 at 12:50 am
You've got a PC in the den. There's one in the living room for the kids. Your spouse might have one of his or her own. Maybe there's a Media Center PC in your entertainment center.
Your goal is to get all of these machines to talk to each other, so you can share stuff such as multimedia content, so you can play multiplayer games, so you can access the Internet, as discussed in Sharing Broadband,
from any computer in the house.
As more and more homes gain multiple computers, the urge to create home LANs (local area networks) grows. Thankfully, with Wi-Fi wireless networking, building home networks is easier and more convenient than ever. Wi-Fi (the friendly name for IEEE 802.11, the wireless networking designation) was designed with ease of use in mind.
Although any company can make Wi-Fi hardware (such as access points, PCI network interface cards, PCMCIA cards and other gear), as long as it bears the Wi-Fi logo, it will work together. That means you're not pigeonholed into using a single manufacturer. For example, my 802.11g router/access point is made by Linksys, while some of my PC cards are Netgear products — and they work together happily.
The Lingo
To understand wireless networking, you'll need to get a handle on a few key terms. Among those you'll encounter, the most important are:
•Wi-Fi: It means wireless fidelity and is a product of the Wi-Fi Alliance, a body comprising dozens of wireless hardware manufacturers and even some software publishers. The Wi-Fi logo indicates that the product is 802.11-compatible and should work interchangeably with other Wi-Fi products.
•802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a: These variations on the 802.11 standard indicate the band that they use and the bandwidth at which they operate. 802.11b works in the 2.4GHz band and transmits at 11 megabits per second. 802.11a is rarely used, superseded by 802.11g, which moves data at 54Mbps in the 2.4GHz band.
•Access point: the wireless equivalent of a wired hub, it acts as the central point of a network and regulates traffic.
•Router: In wireless networking, a router is both an access point and an Internet sharing server. It regulates network traffic and also allows any computer to access the Internet.
•Ad hoc: A wireless network without an access point, in which the stations communicate directly with each other.
•Station: A computer with a wireless network card that participates in a Wi-Fi network.
•NIC: Network interface card. The hardware required by the PC to wirelessly access a network.
•WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy, the first wireless security scheme, which proved not to be very secure. Easily cracked by determined hackers, WEP has been more or less replaced by WPA.
•WPA: Wi-Fi Protected Access, a far more secure alternative to WEP for keeping intruders from accessing your wireless network.
Home networking has come a long way in a relatively short amount of time. Many standards and schemes have come and gone, with some still fighting for life as Wi-Fi dominates the industry.
Take, for example, HomeRF, an early household wireless strategy that's no longer widely supported. It transmitted at about 10Mbps in the 2.4GHz range. At the time of its inception, Wi-Fi was considered a solution for businesses, and HomeRF was created for inexpensive home networks.
Other, semi-wireless schemes use telephone lines and electric lines, already installed in most homes, to transmit network activity. The infrastructure itself serves as a hub, allowing computers with special adapters to connect to the LAN.
Another alternative, of course, is old-fashioned, boring cables and hubs. To create a physical network, each computer must be fitted with a network interface device (commonly called an NIC, for network interface card) that accepts RJ45 connectors. You run cables from each computer to a network hub, which regulates the flow of traffic through the network. Cabling can be ugly if you run it down hallways and up and down stairs, and the alternative — punching holes through walls and ceilings — isn't very palatable.
Wi-Fi is clearly the current home network infrastructure of choice. 802.11g is speedy enough for any home application, and the cost of the necessary equipment has dropped considerably; it's currently quite affordable.
Now, we'll explore some tips for successful Wi-Fi networking.
The first thing you have to do is set up the network. It's easy if you follow the directions that come with your access point or router; home Wi-Fi gear is designed for ease of use. While we won't replicate the step-by-step procedures outlined in router documentation, we'll supplement with some tips.
•Pick a central location for your access point. Try to set it up near the middle of your house. If you're sharing a broadband connection, you'll need to put the modem near the router. Don't sequester the access point or router in the basement or the attic. You want computers throughout the house to be able to achieve reliable access.
•Connect one computer to the access point or router. Most access points and routers have a few 10/100 RJ45 Ethernet ports. Connect one computer directly to it with a cable. If something happens that causes the computers to be unable to access it wirelessly, you can tap into it with a physical connection.
You don't want your network's shared folders, Internet access and other assets to be available to anyone who drives by with a notebook and a wireless NIC. It's important to secure your network.
•Use WPA (or at the very least WEP, if your gear doesn't support WPA).
•Change the router's default password, so only you can access its setup interface.
•Enable MAC (media access control) address filtering. Every NIC has a MAC address, which is a unique identifier. You can set up your network to allow access only to specific MAC addresses.
•Don't broadcast the SSID (Service Set Identifier). The SSID is the network's identifying name, and it's whatever you make it during setup. You can broadcast it for setting up stations, but once they're set up, instruct the router or access point to stop broadcasting the SSID. That makes it much harder for outside computers to detect your wireless network.
•Password-protect network shares. When you use a PC to share a folder, password-protect it. It'll be that much harder for hackers to crack.
•Update the firmware. Most access points and routers have flashable firmware: You can go to the manufacturer's Web site, download an update for the product's firmware and update the product. Firmware updates can improve security and ease of use.
•Update the drivers. Each workstation needs a wireless NIC, and each NIC comes with drivers. Keep them up to date to maximize security and provide the most intuitive interface. Hit the manufacturer's Web site on a regular basis to check for driver updates.
Joel Durham Jr. is a freelance technology writer and author of "PC Modding for Dummies" (Wiley, 2005).


Our product range includes a wide range of thermo hygrometer, thickness gauge, sound level meter, digital lux meter, cup anemometer and clamp multimeter.
While climbing the ladder of success, it has become increasingly significant for our company to manufacture an accurately constructed array of Sound Level Meter. Used for measuring the level of sound, these instruments are widely known for their applications in numerous industrial applications. Moreover, we provide them to our customers at highly rock bottom costs which along with their longer service life makes these highly acknowledged and accepted by our customers.
With thorough understanding and knowledge of this industry, we are into presenting a wide range of Digital Lux Meter to our valuable customers. The raw inputs and components utilized in the production of these meters are purchased from reliable, authentic and certified vendors of the industry to maintain their reliable and top class nature. Furthermore we ensure to provide them to our customers' doorstep within the promised time.
With immense expertise and know-how of this industry together with a competent team of personnel, we are able to provide our customers a flawless array of Cup Anemometer. We offer these products to our customers in various quality approved packaging solutions which can be chosen by our customers as per their needs. Besides this, we ensure to deliver a flawless range of these products to our customers' premises.
Under the stringent guidance of our dexterous and highly competent employees, we are manufacturing and supplying an exclusive collection of Moisture Meter. Our advanced manufacturing unit enables us to manufacture this unmatched array of products which are highly appreciated and acclaimed across the national market. Also, their rugged construction and perfect designs makes these highly demanded.


text:
import pytest
from mock import MagicMock
import openprocurement.auction.auctions_server as auctions_server_module
from openprocurement.auction.auctions_server import auctions_proxy
from openprocurement.auction.tests.data.couch_data import \
    l1a, l1b, l1c, l2a, l2b, l3
from openprocurement.auction.tests.utils import Any
from openprocurement.auction.tests.data.auctions_server_data import \
    proxy_data_proxy_path, proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_1, \
    proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_2, proxy_data_no_proxy_path, \
    proxy_data_no_proxy_path_no_forwarded_header
from mock import call
from openprocurement.auction.tests.conftest import RESPONSE
from openprocurement.auction.tests.data.auctions_server_data import \
    AUCTION_DOC_ID

class TestAuctionsServer(object):
    def test_before_after_request(self, auctions_server):
        resp = auctions_server['test_app'].get('/route_not_defined',
                                               expect_errors=True)

        expected = \
            [call('Start GET: http://localhost:80/route_not_defined', ),
             call('End 404 : GET : http://localhost:80/route_not_defined', )]
        assert auctions_server['app'].logger.debug.call_args_list == expected
        assert resp.status_int == 404
        assert 'Not Found' in resp.body

    def test_log_post_error(self, auctions_server, send, response):
        resp = auctions_server['test_app'].post('/log', {'key': 'value'})
        assert resp.status_int == 200
        assert resp.body == 'Response Message'
        assert resp.content_type == 'text/html'
        response.assert_called_once_with('error')

    # post without extra_environ
    def test_log_post_ok_1(self, auctions_server, send, response):
        resp = auctions_server['test_app'].post_json('/log', {'key': 'value'})
        assert resp.status_int == 200
        assert resp.body == 'Response Message'
        assert resp.content_type == 'text/html'
        send.assert_called_once_with('', SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER='AUCTION_CLIENT',
                                     key=u'value', REMOTE_ADDR='')
        response.assert_called_once_with('ok')

    # post with extra_environ
    def test_log_post_ok_2(self, auctions_server, send, response):
        resp = auctions_server['test_app'] \
            .post_json('/log', {'key': 'value'},
                       extra_environ={'REMOTE_ADDR': '0.0.0.0'})
        assert resp.status_int == 200
        assert resp.body == 'Response Message'
        assert resp.content_type == 'text/html'
        send.assert_called_once_with('', SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER='AUCTION_CLIENT',
                                     key=u'value', REMOTE_ADDR='0.0.0.0')
        response.assert_called_once_with('ok')

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'auctions_server, expected_response', l1a + l1b + l1c + l2a + l2b + l3,
        indirect=['auctions_server'])
    def test_health(self, auctions_server, expected_response):
        resp = auctions_server['test_app'].get('/health', expect_errors=True)
        assert resp.status_int == expected_response['status_int']
        assert resp.body == expected_response['body']

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'mock_auctions_server, path, expected_result',
        [(proxy_data_proxy_path, 'some_path',
          proxy_data_proxy_path['stream_proxy']),
         (proxy_data_proxy_path, 'login',
          proxy_data_proxy_path['stream_proxy']),
         (proxy_data_proxy_path, 'event_source',
          proxy_data_proxy_path['stream_proxy'])],
        indirect=['mock_auctions_server'])
    def test_proxy_with_proxy_path(self, mock_auctions_server, path,
                                   expected_result):

        output = auctions_proxy(AUCTION_DOC_ID, path)

        # assertion block
        mock_auctions_server['proxy_mappings'].get.assert_called_once_with(
            AUCTION_DOC_ID,
            proxy_data_proxy_path['get_mapping'],
            (proxy_data_proxy_path['server_config_redis'],
             AUCTION_DOC_ID, False), max_age=Any(int)
        )
        mock_auctions_server['mock_path_info']\
            .assert_called_once_with('/' + path)
        mock_auctions_server['patch_StreamProxy'].assert_called_once_with(
            proxy_data_proxy_path['proxy_path'],
            auction_doc_id=AUCTION_DOC_ID,
            event_sources_pool=proxy_data_proxy_path['event_sources_pool'],
            event_source_connection_limit=
                proxy_data_proxy_path['connection_limit'],
            pool=proxy_data_proxy_path['proxy_connection_pool'],
            backend='gevent'
        )
        assert output == expected_result

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'mock_auctions_server, transformed_url, expected_result',
        [(proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_1,
          proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_1['transformed_url'],
          proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_1['redirect_url']),
         (proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_2,
          proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_2['transformed_url'],
          proxy_data_no_proxy_path_forwarded_header_2['redirect_url']),
         ],
        indirect=['mock_auctions_server'])
    def test_proxy_path_login_1(self, mock_auctions_server, transformed_url,
                                expected_result):

        output = auctions_proxy(AUCTION_DOC_ID, 'login')

        # assertion block
        mock_auctions_server['proxy_mappings'].get.assert_called_once_with(
            AUCTION_DOC_ID,
            proxy_data_proxy_path['get_mapping'],
            (proxy_data_proxy_path['server_config_redis'],
             AUCTION_DOC_ID, False), max_age=Any(int)
        )

        mock_auctions_server['patch_redirect'].\
            assert_called_once_with(transformed_url)
        assert output == expected_result

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'mock_auctions_server, expected_result',
        [(proxy_data_no_proxy_path_no_forwarded_header,
          proxy_data_no_proxy_path_no_forwarded_header['abort'])],
        indirect=['mock_auctions_server'])
    def test_proxy_path_login_2(self, mock_auctions_server, expected_result):

        output = auctions_proxy(AUCTION_DOC_ID, 'login')

        # assertion block
        mock_auctions_server['proxy_mappings'].get.assert_called_once_with(
            AUCTION_DOC_ID,
            proxy_data_proxy_path['get_mapping'],
            (proxy_data_proxy_path['server_config_redis'],
             AUCTION_DOC_ID, False), max_age=Any(int)
        )
        mock_auctions_server['patch_abort'].assert_called_once_with(404)
        assert output == expected_result

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'mock_auctions_server, patch_response',
        [(proxy_data_no_proxy_path, {'response': RESPONSE})],
        indirect=['mock_auctions_server', 'patch_response'])
    def test_proxy_path_event_source(self, mock_auctions_server,
                                     patch_response):

        manager = MagicMock()
        manager.attach_mock(mock_auctions_server['patch_PySse'],
                            'patch_PySse')
        manager.attach_mock(mock_auctions_server['patch_add_message'],
                            'patch_add_message')
        manager.attach_mock(patch_response['patch_resp'], 'patch_resp')

        output = auctions_proxy(AUCTION_DOC_ID, 'event_source')

        # assertion block
        expected_calls = [call.patch_PySse(),
                          call.patch_add_message('Close', 'Disable'),
                          call.patch_resp(
                              mock_auctions_server['patch_PySse'].return_value,
                              mimetype='text/event-stream',
                              content_type='text/event-stream'
                          )]
        assert manager.mock_calls == expected_calls
        assert output == patch_response['result']

    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
        'mock_auctions_server, expected_result',
        [(proxy_data_no_proxy_path, proxy_data_no_proxy_path['abort'])],
        indirect=['mock_auctions_server'])
    def test_proxy_path_smth(self, mock_auctions_server, expected_result):

        output = auctions_proxy(AUCTION_DOC_ID, 'smth_path')

        # assertion block
        mock_auctions_server['patch_abort'].assert_called_once_with(404)
        assert output == expected_result

    def test_get_server_time(self, auctions_server, mocker):
        server_time = 'some_server_time'

        mock_datetime = mocker.patch.object(auctions_server_module, 'datetime')
        mock_datetime.now.return_value.isoformat.return_value = server_time

        resp = auctions_server['test_app'].get('/get_current_server_time')
        mock_datetime.now.\
            assert_called_once_with(auctions_server['app'].config['TIMEZONE'])
        assert resp.status_int == 200
        assert resp.body == server_time
        assert resp.headers['Cache-Control'] == 'public, max-age=0'

    # optional
    def test_config(self):
        pass


Who wants to learn calligraphy when your brush is meant for so much more? Wu Daozi (689-758), known as China's greatest painter and alive during the T'ang Dynasty, is the subject of this stunning picture book. When an old monk attempts to teach young Daozi about the ancient art of calligraphy, his brush doesn't want to cooperate. Instead of characters, Daozi's brush drips dancing peonies and flying Buddhas! Soon others are admiring his unbelievable creations on walls around the city, and one day his art comes to life! Little has been written about Daozi, but Look and So masterfully introduce the artist to children.


text:
当前位置:三足乌宇宙 › 三足乌影视 › 电视剧故事 › I am the new one
I am the new one
NelsonMcCl
NelsonMcCl + 关注
You suggested this adequately.
ArthurCrors
ArthurCrors + 关注
According to Slavic legends, the sacred golden-horned Bull-Tour is a powerful creative force of the universe, a carrier of fertility, a symbol of courage and bravery. And in Ukrainian culture there is a stable expression "well, tell me a story about a white Bull" - this means a long, tedious, repetitive story that is full of inventions and nonsense.
In Buddhism and Taoism, common religions in China, the Bull represents the ego. Moving on a Bull on horseback means humility of this part of the human soul.
The Bull is the second (after the rat) animal of the Chinese horoscope. Although, according to legend, it was the Bull that first crossed the river on the way to the Buddha. But unable to refuse, he put a rat on his back, which would have drowned for sure. After the crossing, the rat quickly appeared first in front of the Buddha and was awarded the right to be the first to open the annual cycles for his ingenuity.
Description and characteristics of the Year of the Bull
The awarding of the first Nobel Prize in 1901, the tercentenary of the House of Romanov in 1913, the peak of political repression in the USSR in 1937, the flight of the first man into space in 1961, the release of the first version of the Windows operating system in 1985 — all these events are united by the fact that they occurred in the Year of the Bull.
What else do you remember about the years under the patronage of the Bull:
The "swine flu" epidemic (2009)
Ratification of the EU Constitution (Lisbon Treaty) (2009)
Mike Tyson started his career in professional boxing (1985)
The beginning of the anti-alcohol campaign in the USSR (1985)
The death of the British Princess Diana (1997) (she was born, by the way, in the year of the Bull).
The White Metal Bull is characterized by steel nerves and an iron character. Great willpower and restraint. A year endowed with such an element happens once in 60 years!
Usually, changes in the year of the Bull are more local in nature, since for the Bull its meadows are always closer to the body. As Ernest Hemingway said: "The Bull in the arena is neurotic, but in the meadow he's a healthy guy, that's the thing." Therefore, resonant large-scale events that shake the world are of little interest to this pet.
What will be the year of the Bull-2021
The Bull is a noble animal. Strong-willed, decisive and wise actions should be expected from him.
In addition, the white color of the Bull also sets up a bright period in life.
According to Chinese astrology, the White Metal Bull will definitely thank every optimist who will see only good things in everything that happens.
The best British astrologer Jessica Adams last year was almost the only one who predicted a pandemic and a global crisis. Therefore, the publication of Gmail turned to her for forecasts for 2021. Adams says that events will begin to unfold a few days before the onset of 2021: "It will be a fantastic Christmas (Catholic). The situation will start to change about three days before Christmas Eve." According to the astrologer, the current situation in the world resembles that during the Second World War, but without the war itself. The whole world is caught up in one common problem that needs to be solved. Now this cycle has just begun and will last until the end of 2026.
As for the coronavirus itself, the answer is very simple: "There will be no vaccine, we will all just learn to live with it as with AIDS."
How to celebrate the Year of the Bull-2021
This year's host loves simplicity and thrift. The element of the metal Bull is the earth. Accordingly, in the clothing, interior and decoration of the room in order to satisfy the tastes of the Bull, it is necessary to use such shades as: white, brown, shades with a metallic or silvery effect. And in any case, do not tease the Bull with red!
Also avoid the beef dishes. The best dishes will be simple, peasant food and lots of greens.
White Bull loves everything solid, so he is unlikely to understand various trinkets or souvenirs. Metal Bull likes practical and really necessary gifts. And it is definitely not necessary to give leather products, as the Bull will definitely be against gifts made from the skin of his fellow men.
Who of the celebrities was born in the year of the Bull
Those who were born in the year of the Bull, in their lives are modest and executive, they are patient and laconic people, they are persistent in achieving goals and hardy at work.
People who were born in the year of the Bull are unusual and talented. Among them there are outstanding writers-Hans Christian Andersen, artists-Vincent Van Gogh, musicians-Johann Sebastian Bach, famous actors-Charlie Chaplin, Dustin Hoffman, Eddie Murphy, Paul Newman. Many extraordinary political leaders were born in the Year of the Bull: Napoleon Bonaparte, Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, Japanese Emperor Hirohito, Margaret Thatcher.
2021 Year of the bull
https://revolusiglobal3.blogspot.com/2020/12/champions-league-draw-2021-6-things-you.html
https://www.alihaidar.co/2020/12/man-united-logo-evolution.html
http://www.nembilleje.dk/profile.php?lookup=17954


Organizers of Vancouver's Westward Music Festival have announced a new round of artists who'll be coming on board for the second installment of the event, taking place late this summer.
Joining the festival, in its second year and running in multiple venues across the city from September 13-16, will be gorgeously ruminative singer-songwriter Andy Shauf, producer-turned-synthpop up-and-comer Sophie, Canadian indie-pop stalwart Chad VanGaalen, and A$AP Mob member A$AP Twelvyy.
Also signing on are critically adored Margaret Glaspy, Polaris Prize nominee Jennifer Castle, Johnny Balik, Tennessee neosoul alchemist Johnny Balik, and highly regarded Indiana producer Jlin.
Earlier this year Westward announced headliners that include Kali Uchis, Kelela, and Blood Orange, Angel Olsen, Metz, Mudhoney and Rhye. Vancouver favourites the Odds and We Are the City will also play the festival.
Shows will take place in some of Vancouver's favourite live-music rooms, ranging from the intimate (Biltmore, Fox Cabaret, and Fortune Sound Club) to the regal (Orpheum and the Vogue).
Tickets are available at westwardfest.com and ticketfly.com. Those who enjoy interacting with their fellow human beings can also pick up tickets at Red Cat Records locations.


text:
Rabas Protec decided in favour of a VACUDEST system primarily because of the outstanding distillate quality, which enables wastewater-free production.
High-quality rinsing water treatment in one step: Rabas Protec achieves wastewater-free production
At Rabas Protec in Saint Nazaire, France, aluminium parts are produced, mainly for the aerospace industry. After mechanical processing, the parts are anodised and painted to protect them from corrosion. To do this, the surfaces of the parts are first prepared in degreasing baths, followed by sodium and acid pickling. Before the surface treatment, an NDT test can be carried out using dye penetrant testing. The final step is painting.
Rabas Protec is a subsidiary of the SOFIRA Group, whose activities are mainly focused on aviation. The group specialises in machining, surface treatment and painting of aluminium parts.
Sector: Aerospace industry, Shipbuilding
Size of the company: 3 sites in France, over 90 employees
Location of VACUDEST: Saint Nazaire
When parts are cleaned, rinsing water from the anodising process and the dye penetrant test accumulates. Until now, this water was treated by an aging vacuum evaporator with a theoretical treatment capacity of 15 cubic metres per day.
Due to the growing production, this capacity was no longer sufficient - therefore, investments were to be made in a more modern system. An important criterion was the quality of the treated water to be able to reuse it in the surface treatment sinks.
Vacuum distillation has established itself as the most economical solution for treating a wide variety of industrial wastewater. Especially when a high treatment quality is required, these systems offer an advantage over membrane systems or chemical-physical treatment methods, which leave a high level of residual contamination in the treated water. This is not the case with the energy-saving evaporation of wastewater under vacuum: the rising water vapour is free of contamination and can be reused - condensed as a clean distillate - in production processes.
Rabas Protec became aware of the VACUDEST vacuum distillation systems from H2O GmbH in Steinen, southern Germany, through internet research. "We were surprised by the promised quality of the distillate - we wanted to see it live."
A reference visit to the ammunition manufacturer Nexter in La Chapelle Saint Ursin followed. "During the on-site installation, we were particularly impressed by the cleanliness and automation of the operation," says Emmanuel Perdereau, Development & Investment Manager SAS SOFIRA at Rabas Protec. In addition, thanks to the good processing quality of the VACUDEST, Nexter was able to achieve scrap-free production without any post-treatment steps. "This is also what we wanted for our production."
The decision in favour of H2O and its VACUDEST was made primarily because of the high distillate quality, which had previously been confirmed in H2O's own laboratory in the application centre for wastewater-free production. This is made possible by innovative technologies such as the Clearcat condensation stage. With it, Rabas protec achieves an almost oil-free distillate. The COD - the value for organic pollution in the water - has been significantly improved.
The conductivity value in the distillate was also a decisive argument in favour of the VACUDEST. By means of the Destcontrol technology, which can be integrated as a module into the VACUDEST system, the distillate achieves a stable pH value. Reactions that cause fluctuating pH values in the distillate with conventional evaporator systems are avoided.
This quality of the distillate gives Rabas protec more security for the production operation of its surface treatment plant. "We achieve savings in the operation and monitoring of our wastewater treatment," says Emmanuel Perdereau. The new wastewater treatment system also has other economic advantages: Energy consumption has decreased thanks to better energy recovery. The company is also happy about the time saved: "The operating costs are much lower because the system is fully automatic. And there are fewer checks and monitoring to optimise our means of production."
The H2O project management also received much praise from Rabas protec. It ensured the correct execution of the project within the schedule. Stéphane Guillotin, general director of SOFIRA, even wrote an email about it: "I would like to thank you for your professionalism and availability on behalf of the SOFIRA Group companies. We thank you for your commitment! It has become so rare that I wanted to write this to you."
Conclusion? Rabas Projet would choose H2O's systems again: "Such professional management deserves praise. All departments are extremely responsive and respond as accurately as possible to the needs of the customers. This is a service we want from all our suppliers and subcontractors. We can recommend H2O with full conviction. Because thanks to them, we can fully concentrate on our production."
Advantages through our solution
Our innovative technologies enable safe compliance with limit values. The treated water impresses with excellent quality that you can always rely on.
From 100 percent wastewater, 98 percent clean distillate is produced, which can be reused in your processes: You realise a wastewater-free production and thus make a valuable contribution to the protection of our environment.
Our solutions operate fully automatically, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The intuitive control system allows easy access, so even the weekly system check is done quickly.
"We can recommend H2O with full conviction. Because thanks to them, we can fully concentrate on our production."
Crystal-clear distillate thanks to Clearcat technology
Where other processes barely meet the legal discharge limits with a lot of additional equipment and operating effort, the Clearcat condensation stage is impressive in terms of the quality of the treated industrial wastewater. Even the strictest environmental standards are reliably met.
Learn more about Clearcat
Comparison of pH value fluctuations in the distillate: Destcontrol reliably achieves stable values.
Destcontrol - constantly stable pH value
With Destcontrol, fluctuations in the pH value are a thing of the past. This innovative technology regulates the pH value in the purified distillate to the optimal value.
Learn more about Destcontrol


Lithium Ion (Li-ion) batteries have quickly become the preferred battery technology for most applications including Cree LED torches and portable electronics. Various forms of Li-ion exist with cells and battery packs designed for a range of applications from high power to high energy density all in a very cost effective package. Its advantages in energy density to weight and volume are well known. However, the additional benefits of Li-ion such as long cycle life, shorter charge times, the ability to fuel gauge and predict end of life accurately, and significant improvements in the long term stability at elevated temperatures have increased Lithium Ion's adoption into even more applications particularly those previously serviced by older chemistries such as Nickel Metal Hydride or Nickel Cadmium.


As I used to be praying about how greatest to current this story, my Lord said, Write as if Lars Ulrich have been reading it. He wants My love too." But that is for you, too – as a result of I feel you deserve to know this angle. And obtained on the XLT model in a brand new bundle Almzarchml doorknobs the identical shade as the structure, and the sides of the black plastic across the automotive, and 20-inch wheels. However you did not give me the information, you simply mentioned 2% which is a meaningless determine. How much are you permitting for on costs as a result of $5 x seventy three,000 does not amount to $759,200,000. By no means ever tackle a job without ensuring availability of components. You do not want a automotive left in your hoist for 3 days ready on parts.
Later, I can be posting some data on find out how to properly polish and wax the paint in your vehicle. Detailing the paint shouldn't be a one step course of, although you may see commercials on TV that tell you it is doable. I'm telling you that it isn't. Correct paint correction begins with proper tools and methods and paint correction is normally a multi-step course of.
Both the Gorham/Lila and Otomo corporations had been at this time the only two Japanese automobile manufacturers – though Gorham was financed by US plane engineer William R. Gorham (therefore the non-Japanese-sounding firm identify). Typically, the car could be valued round $eighty,000, in response to a number of Lamborghini enthusiast websites. However, this car has been completely restored inside and outside over two years. It has received multiple class trophies on the Pebble Seashore Concours d'Class.
The story of Abbott's Sweet Store begins with William Clay Abbott, higher generally known as W.C. He labored as a salesman for the Dilling Sweet Company earlier than returning to Hagerstown and opening a restaurant. Whereas running the restaurant W.C. developed a butterscotch candy which was a success with clients. Ultimately, he realized he had to decide on whether he was going to run a restaurant or candy firm. Obviously, he chose to run a sweet firm.
How do you're feeling about the AIG bailout wherein most of the government funds went straight into the pockets of counterparty companies resembling Goldman Sachs and into bonuses paid to AIG executives. Why are you so unfavorable on the auto bailout which saved the American car corporations and jobs for their workers and employees in related employers. Most people in Michigan applaud the success of this motion by the Bush and Obama administrations.


The Permaculture Design Certificate course is an internationally-recognized, seventy-two-hour course resulting in a Permaculture Design Certificate. It provides an introduction to permaculture design as set forth by movement founder Bill Mollison.
Adam then joined the Internship Team, designing, teaching and practicing permaculture at the Permaculture Research Institute under the management of Geoff and Nadia Lawton. There he gained his International Management Certificate and gained valuable experience managing a place like Zaytuna farm and working together with Geoff Lawton on Consultancies, Designs and Implementation. Learning also from many others who are leading the way in their field, like Paul Taylor, Graham Bell and David Spicer.
Adam is proud to say that he has a wide base of connections to draw upon to offer a high quality, his experience lies within the sub tropic and cold/warm temperate climate zones, his passion is visible in all aspects of his work, it has been said by many who have learned from him that his enthusiasm is incredibly contagious. Adam is now in the process of establishing one of the first Consultancy Services based in Europe which is recognised by the Permaculture Research Institute, offering Consultation, Design and Implementation work.


My three main areas of research are Open Educational Resources (OER), Mobile Learning and Digital Literacies. I have no problem talking and writing about the latter of these – it is, after all, the subject of a thesis I've been writing for the last few years. Mobile learning, too, presents no great issue: I used mobile devices in the classroom as a teacher and Director of e-Learning. Moreover, because it's a relatively new area there's only a few 'experts' to which to defer.
OER is a different kettle of fish. Not only is it a increasingly-mature area of study but it's a political minefield. Coupled to the fact that it's very much a Higher Education-focused area of enquiry, I haven't ventured many opinions publicly. However, as I continue to develop the OER infoKit with consultant Lou McGill I feel that I do have something to say about OER.
Recently I've been going back through the key posts in the OER debate curated by Lou McGill on the OER infoKit here. It makes for fascinating reading as, not only are there some very intelligent people arguing against each other (always interesting!) but it's evident that OER is a battleground not over educational practice but ideology.
Pragmatism is an anti-skeptical endeavour.
Dividing lines between theory and action are arbitrary.
Truth is conditional and dependent upon a community of inquirers.
Human experience of the external world is ineffable.
Pragmatism is method of 'un-thinking' rather than providing an explicit framework.
A universally-held set of beliefs is impossible.
Any statement can be accommodated as 'true' by amending a belief system to a greater or lesser extent.
Knowledge is a matter of social practice rather than mirroring nature.
We 'create' rather than 'discover' truth.
New concepts are often understood through metaphor, enter common usage, and then 'die off into literalness'.
So, what has this got to do with 'user outcomes'? I think there's three points I'd like to make about OER in this regard.
Stripped back to basics, there's nothing magical or especially revolutionary about Open Educational Resources. An educator allows others to use the materials they prepared. This has been happening ever since people have been able to share things.
The revolutionary thing comes in the co-ordination of the system around such sharing. The first massive massive boon to this has been the widespread adoption of Creative Commons licenses. These allow resource creators to state explicitly the conditions under which others can use what they have created. The second, which is perhaps where organizations such as JISC have been instrumental, is the expansion of open-access repositories like Jorum. Instead of merely unco-ordinated and fragmented institutional and personal repositories, there is a growing expectation that a copy of OERs will be deposited in such repositories.
If we want people to share OERs then we need to make it easy for them to do so. But more than that, it needs to become just another thing that's expected of educators.
Not everything that can be measured should be measured; the pig doesn't get any fatter by weighing it. If sharing and openly-licensing resources is a good thing that educators should do, then it needs to be an expected part of professional practice.
As I have often said with metrics such as numbers of followers on Twitter or winning awards, true influence is a fickle beast. Quantity is not quality. So what if one resource has been used 100,000 times and another one only 14? Unless you know in what circumstances and for what purposes it was used in each case, the task is meaningless. And even then the parts can be more than the sum – just look at the REF.
The point is that OER release is adding to and improving the quality of the sum of human understanding, in an even more profound way than a research paper or press release. A good OER is written to support deep learning and this is the advantage that academia, which is unique in grappling with these issues every day, can bring.
An OER might never find itself being reused, but the process by which it is created is inherently valuable. It's about mindsets, not metrics.
I can feel the vitriol that this comment will no doubt engender, but just how many people banging on about OER have taught in a classroom environment? And I don't mean the occasional webinar or guest lecture, I mean preparing lessons day-in, day-out over years. It makes a difference to the way you approach the issue.
Scroll back up and read statements 2, 6 and 8 again. Whilst academic ideas and debates are important, the point – to paraphrase Marx – is not to describe the world but to change it. Waiting for everyone to agree about OERs before getting on and doing something about changing the system is a fool's errand. No amount of posturing changes practice.
It would be remiss of me not to reference the excellent critiques of OER by Joss Winn and Richard Hall at this point. Read them, they're eye-opening and staggeringly well-written.
Sadly, what I think is almost entirely lacking in the debate (apart perhaps from in Amber's commentary) is an understanding that OER is merely a supply-side term for something that, let's face it, educators should be doing anyway. Joss Winn's qualms noted, it still seems manifestly obvious that if educators are funded by the taxpayer then what they do should be for the public good. And to my mind, that includes being as open as possible. I'm not particularly bothered if OERs are good for marketing, good for career progression or good for the REF. They're good in the way of belief.
Bonus: check out posts tagged OER at my work blog.
My research is your research.
I've seeded it with OER, mobile learning and digital literacies. There's also a found, an electic repository of interesting stuff I come across.
This can be considered part of my ongoing project to streamline and share each part of my workflow. See Web apps and workflows for more by way of explanation. You'll notice I've added a 'Research' link in the top navigation for ease-of-access.


The average pay for a Production Helper is $30,304 a year and $15 an hour in Vermont, United States. The average salary range for a Production Helper is between $23,399 and $35,915. On average, a High School Degree is the highest level of education for a Production Helper. This compensation analysis is based on salary survey data collected directly from employers and anonymous employees in Vermont, United States.


text:
This professor dedicated 30 years to basic income – now its time has come
"You basically want to punch the politicians on the nose, because they're lacking courage"
Guy Standing
Professor - SOAS University of London
The one thing libertarians, lefties, tech gurus and feminists agree on
Q&A: Is there an 'ideal amount of inequality' in our societies?
Inclusion is no longer a nice bonus – it's an economic imperative
Basic income is a simple, radical idea. In essence, it is that a government should give every one of its citizens enough money to live off, no strings attached. But now it feels closer to reality than ever before.
New experiments are being run in Finland, Canada, Holland and Kenya to test variants of basic income. And more are on the way, in California, Scotland and Hawaii.
Professor Guy Standing, one of the longest standing champions of basic income, has had a hand in many of these. He also led the experiment that came closest to testing a true basic income, in Madhya Pradesh, India, in 2011.
A quarter of a century earlier, he co-founded the Basic Income Earth Network, an NGO that promotes basic income as a human right around the world. Since then, he's written numerous books on the topic, as well as on "the precariat", the emerging social class defined by its lack of economic security. And with the future of work increasingly uncertain, it's this class that basic income needs to appease.
Here we publish an edited transcript of a conversation with Professor Standing.
Basic income feels like an idea whose time has come. What's changed?
There's a perfect storm of factors that has made basic income more attractive to a lot of people, and almost an imperative if we are going to address the inequality, insecurity and social injustices that are multiplying with this model of globalisation.
The first factor is that the income distribution system of the 20th century has broken down. For a long time, the shares of national and international income going to capital and to labour were roughly constant. But in the last thirty years that has changed: all over the world, the share going to capital and to forms of rent has been rising, while the share going to labour has been shrinking. In the process, many of the traditional norms of economics have also broken down. It used to be the case that when profits went up, wages went up, but that's no longer true. It used to be the case that as you approached anything close to full employment, wages would be rising quite strongly. In many countries, that's no longer happening, either.
The second factor is the political backlash of the precariat. In 2011 I wrote a book about them, and on page one I said that unless the insecurities and aspirations of the precariat are addressed as a matter of urgency, we're going to see the emergence of a political monster. A lot of people have been contacting me to say the monster has arrived. This has accelerated the legitimisation of basic income in the corporate world and among centrist intellectuals, who had been a bit distant from the debate but now realise that something must be done about insecurity.
And the third factor is the fear that robots and automation are going to displace millions of people in the near future. I personally don't believe that a lot of us are going to be made redundant, but I do think the new technologies are making the income distribution even more unequal—and that means they are relevant to the basic income debate.
How do you propose we introduce a basic income?
I think we will make more political progress if we present it as a social dividend. We have all participated in the production of our wealth, so we should present it as a way of sharing capital and the rental income from assets and property and so on, rather than as a replacement for social welfare.
That means that we will have to gradually build the basic income up, alongside phasing out parts of social security—in particular means-tested social assistance. Basic income should become the universal anchor, on top of which there are supplements for disabilities, for special needs, for the elderly and so on.
You suggest building it up. What would the end point be?
I'm always cautious when talking about a level. Because then people immediately rush to do a back-of-the-envelope calculation and start talking about the huge cost and how impossible it is. We have to create a sovereign wealth fund type of institution, and as that fund grows it will pay out a rising social dividend. So the end point is not written in. And that's nothing to worry about, because our research has found that a basic income close to subsistence level actually makes people work more, not less.
That's quite a controversial view: most economists do worry about the labour supply effect of a basic income.
Those economists haven't actually done the research to back up that view. Our pilots have shown that it increases work, if you consider work to include things like care and community work, and it has a minimal effect on labour supply—or it increases it. That's empirical evidence.
The other criticisms that economists often level at a basic income are that, aside from being unaffordable, it would drive wages down and push inflation up. What do you make of those?
It's one-sided economics. If you provide people with a basic income, you are empowering them to say no to exploitative conditions. It's people who are vulnerable, because they can't pay their rent, they're in debt, who have to accept low wages and bad working conditions. Now if that's the case, a basic income won't have a downward pressure on real wages. The problem we've got is that our existing system of tax credits, which have been built up over successive governments in the UK, the US and elsewhere, subsidises employers paying low wages. That is what pushes wages down.
The point about inflation is rather strange. What we are talking about is diverting money from one use to another. So there wouldn't be an increase of money in circulation. In addition, our pilots in India and Africa showed that if you give low-income people basic security, they spend on local goods and services. This induces supply effects—in other words, it induces producers to invest in supplying those goods and services. This means the total supply of goods goes up—and that makes unit prices go down. The price of staples actually decreased.
Another economic point you've made in the past is that a basic income would act as an economic stabiliser in times of recession.
What I've proposed is that there should be a base and a supplement that would vary cyclically. An independent basic income committee would determine the state of the economy and, if there's a recession, they would raise the supplement. Alternatively, if there's a boom and close to full employment where there might be inflationary pressure building up, you could lower the supplement. The Keynesian idea was that a universal social welfare system would act as a stabiliser because expenditure went up during recessions. A basic income with a stabilisation component would do the same thing.
To your eyes, what are the most plausible objections to a basic income?
The biggest challenge will be making the transition in a way that maintains political support, because a basic income will involve shifting expenditure, so some groups, in relative terms, will be losers. If it's done as I suggested, your losers are your affluent, your plutocrats, your elites—those who are making money out of property, intellectual property, financial assets and so on. If they are the losers, I'm not going to weep about it, because they have been ridiculous gainers in recent times.
There's a new wave of basic income trials—what are they going to tell us?
Most of these experiments are not really proper basic income pilots. In fact, the only proper basic income trial that's happened was the one we did in India, where we provided an unconditional, subsistence level income to every individual in a community.
The Finland experiment is only giving money to 2,000 randomly chosen unemployed people. That's not a basic income—it's not universal. But that doesn't mean the evidence won't be valuable, because what they're really testing is whether taking the conditions off social assistance changes outcomes. That will be useful to see, because lately most governments have been moving in the opposite direction: they only give money to people if they constantly jump through hoops.
The Canadian pilots in Ontario are a bit closer to a proper basic income. Only one of the four is actually a community level one; the other three are based on random samples again. For me, this is an important limitation, because you get network effects that can't be ignored. If you give a basic income to one person in a family, or to one neighbour but not another, you get all sorts of pressures that put a negative bias on your testing of its effectiveness.
What would policymakers need to see to be convinced of basic income?
For me, the justifications are the social justice, freedom and security that come from having a basic income—and pilots don't test those. They test things like whether it affects labour market behaviour or mental stability. Those are important, but they're not the fundamental reasons why we should support a basic income.
I think the biggest challenge is to give politicians a stronger moral backbone. Many politicians, some very prominent, have said to me over the years that they agree with basic income, but they don't know how to come out and say it. And you basically want to punch them in the nose, because they're lacking courage.
But the political climate is changing. And it's only going to continue changing as inequalities worsen—and in Britain, Brexit will bring heavy financial and economic costs that will be borne very regressively, through declining living standards and cuts to welfare. As I said at the beginning, it's a perfect storm.
(Picture credit: Guy Standing)
UBI explainer
https://apolitical.co/solution_article/universal-basic-income-essential-you-need-to-know/
Interview with Jeremy Shapiro, co-founder of GiveDirectly
https://apolitical.co/solution_article/12-years-26000-people-biggest-basic-income-experiment-yet/
Scotland's forthcoming trials
https://www.thersa.org/discover/publications-and-articles/rsa-blogs/2017/09/scottish-government-will-fund-basic-income-experiments?utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter&utm_campaign=Sep-17-blogs&utm_content=blogs
Trial in India
http://unicef.in/Uploads/Publications/Resources/pub_doc83.pdf
GiveDirectly's trial
https://www.givedirectly.org/basic-income
Finland's trial
http://basicincome.org/news/2017/01/finland-first-basic-income-payments-sent-experiment-participants/
Ontario's trials
https://www.ontario.ca/page/ontario-basic-income-pilot
Y-Combinator trial in California
http://basicincome.org/news/2016/06/united-states-y-combinator-plans-basic-income-pilot-in-oakland/
Trials in Dutch municipalities
http://basicincome.org/news/2017/07/the-netherlands/
These countries have the most inclusive economies in the world
Inequality is stifling growth – better access to credit may be the answer
Three reasons some countries are far more unequal than others


Traditional sitemap tree, we can customize for your look and feel.
Date sorted sitemap. Visitors can access most recently edited content this way.
We can custom format this alphabetical list of pages on your site.
A brief description can be written for each page, to give a brief teaser in the page list sitemap.