Well, this is one for the record books. Bill and George Hardigg, a father-and-son team of literary Halo fanatics, have conspired to bring us something I thought I'd never see: a comparison between the events of Halo, the game, and the novel Ulysses by James Joyce.
I wanted to catch up on the Halo Story so I read the novel "Halo First Strike" again. In doing so, I tried to read very closely to pick out more details. On 08/19/2004, Metatron posted a nice description of his thoughts on the time/space issues caused by the stone found on Reach. The following information is somewhat based on the fact that there are two Ascendant Justice's in space because of the time-loop caused by the stone from Reach.
I speculate that the Covenant AI found on the Ascendant Justice, orbiting the gas giant Threshold, is Cortana, but only part of Cortana. Here is the proof from the "First Strike" book. When Master Chief and his crew first arrived on the Ascendant Justice, they put Cortana into the ship's computer system. In doing so, Cortana encountered a Covenant AI. She was surprised at this because there had never been any documentation of a Covenant AI by UNSC or ONI. On page 170, she isolated the Covenant AI and began to "peel the Covenant AI apart code layer by code layer." On the same page it states, " She tore the AI apart, erasing, recording the Covenant code structure....until she found the AI's core code...she almost recognized this code...the patterns were maddening familiar." She becomes distracted with other tasks and stores the information in her memory so she can take a look at it later.
On page 195 it states "Cortana returned her attention to the Covenant AI's code...she noticed that small portions of the alien software looked like her...it was almost as if it were her code...only copied many times, each time with subtle errors introduced by the replication process."
None of this really made sense to me until Cortana copies her security routines to a crystal so the Master Chief and the other Spartans could use it to bypass the security on the Unyielding Hierophant. Once downloaded to the computer system on the Unyielding Hierophant, the security portion of Cortana comes into contact with other Covenant AI's and has to copy herself. On page 320 it states, "a flurry of voices filled the COM, all speaking at the same time, shouting to be heard over on another...all Cortana's voices." The Master Chief asks Cortana, "How many copies are there of you?" Cortana responds,"Unknown. Hundreds. The Covenant AI overwhelmed me. Had to." On page 323, Master Chief again needs to speak to Cortana and can barely hear her because she had to copy herself again to have a dedicated copy just to speak to the Chief. The Chief noted that Cortana's speach was broken. This sentence about broken speach reminded me of something Cortana thought on page 196. She thought "the copying software was likely responsible for the Covenant AI's fractured thinking/speaking." In the very end, on the Unyielding Hierophant, there are so many copies of Cortana that she begins speaking about error reports and noting the error number.
This all leads me to the very last page of the book on page 340. Tartarus, the Brute speaking with the Prophet of Truth, states "The recorded communication channels were flooded with system error reports prior to its destruction. The Engineers are saying this is imp---" Because the communication was being recorded, my theory is that the Engineers were right about this being important and were able to isolate parts of Cortana's code to create a Covenant AI. Isn't it correct that the Covenant are not innovative, but they do a really good job at copying other technology.
Here is where Metatron's theory of the time-loop comes into play. I believe the Covenant copied part of Cortana's code and put it into the computer system of the original Ascendant Justice before it was sent to the Halo 04 installation. Another part that I found interesting and does back up the time-loop theory is that on page 340 Tartarus asks the Prophet of Truth, "What should be done with the incompetent, High One. The one who lost the Ascendant Justice?" The Prophet of Truth responds, "Bring him before the Council. Let his fate match the magnitude of his failure." One page 156, Cortana intercepts messages from other Covenant ships when they arrive at Reach. The messages are referring to someone of extreme high rank that is suppose to be in command of the Ascendant Justice, someone the Covenant call the 'Guardian of the Luminous Key.' I'm assuming the 'Luminous Key' is suppose to be the Index from Halo 04 installation. When Master Chief and his crew took over the Ascendant Justice, there was no high ranking individual on the ship. I believe the Prophet of Truth killed the 'High One' that was suppose to be on the Ascendant Justice and put the altered Cortana AI in its place. The only thing I'm not sure of is...one... when did the Prophet of Truth realize the AI code was important and...two...what was the real purpose of the AI. Something to think about.
I started writing this a while ago, but I just had a revival of Halo-interest, so I finished it up and thought I'd fire it off. Its a compilation of many theories that have been raised, along with some personal research and extrapolation. It started out as an analysis of the Humans-are-the-Forerunner theory, but has expanded into a complete Theory of Everything for the Halo Universe, explaining all of the intricacies of the Human-Covenant-Forerunner relationship and the evolving political climate across eons.
The Humans are the race that constructed the Halo, referred to by Cortana as the Forerunner.
A. In Two Betrayals, When the Master Chief asks 343-GS about the Halos true purpose, he describes it in a tone which indicates he is trying to remind the Master Chief of something, and ends his speech with, But you already knew that. I mean, how couldnt you?
B. In the Library, 343-GS remarks on how [the Master Chief] brought such ineffective weapons to combat the Flood, despite the containment protocols. This not only indicates that 343-GS expects the Master Chief to know the protocols, but also that he expects him to have superior weapons in the first place, and that he expects the Master Chief to be aware that the Flood exist so that he might use such weapons, all of which point to the Master Chief being involved in previous actions involving the Halo.
C. 343-GS suggests in the Library that the Master Chief upgrade to at least a Class Twelve combat skin. [His] current model only scans as a Class Two, which is unsuitable for this kind of work. This is an obvious acknowledgment that 343-GS expects the Master Chief to be of the race that created the Halo, as the Master Chief would have to be aware of the rating system of armor, able to upgrade his armor to another Forerunner model, and know that he made a mistake in his choice of armor, to understand 343-GSs remark.
D. 343-GS also refers to how the Master Chiefs air-tight suit will help him when the Flood starts to change the atmosphere. You are a good planner, he says, indicating once again that the Master Chief would know the conditions on the Halo before coming and the action that the Flood would take if released.
E. At the beginning of Two Betrayals, 343-GS says that they, being him and the Master Chief, followed outbreak containment procedure to the letter. Once again, 343-GS makes reference to the Master Chiefs expected knowledge of protocol.
F. 343-GSs beliefs do not entirely seem to be wrong, as the Master Chief and the other SPARTANs do seem to have some sort of innate understanding of the workings of Forerunner technology. Obviously, they would not have such understanding if they were not somehow connected to the Forerunner.
3. In Two Betrayals, 343-GS says to the Master Chief, Last time, you asked me, if it was my choice, would I do it? Having considerable time to ponder your query, my answer has not changed. There is no choice. We must activate the ring. This has several interesting points.
A. First, the fact that 343-GS mentions a question put to him by the Master Chief. However, the Master Chief barely ever speaks, and never asks ethical questions. It is completely out of his character, not to mention it would require prior knowledge of what doing it amounted to. However, that question is a very natural one for the creator of such a terrible weapon to ask, if he were having a moral crisis. It would also be an important question to ask 343-GS: if he were going to be left in charge of the Halo, it would be vitally necessary to know if he would do his duty during a crisis.
I. This is a hugely important line because it is one of the only times 343-GS could not possibly be talking about the greater human race. In most of 343-GSs lines, the Master Chief is not explicitly mentioned. The Reclaimer could easily be The Reclaiming Race, and you could be singular or plural. However, this is a specific description of a specific conversation, and the fact that 343-GS attributes it to the Master Chief personally is very interesting.
B. Next, 343-GS says he has had considerable time to think about his answer. Following 343-GS's maddening habit of incredible understatement, along with his inherently massive lifespan, this could mean eons.
C. Third, both 343-GS's constant use of the word we and the fact that he is so cordial to the Master Chief lead one to think he believes himself and the Master Chief to be inherently on the same side. This inherent alliance could only come from a previous meeting, one in which we know the Master Chief has never participated. This is further proved by the immediate way 343-GS whisks the Master Chief off when they first meet, without pausing to ask if the Master Chief will help him. 343-GS obviously recognized him.
D. Lastly, in the same scene as this line, 343-GS asks the Master Chief why [he would] hesitate to do what [he has] already done? This is an explosive line, because the Master Chief has done no such thing! We know, of course, that neither the Master Chief nor Humanity in general has had anything to do with the Halos or the Flood. This could only mean that something happened to the Humans in the interim time between the firing of the Halos and the meeting between 343-GS and the Master Chief that would erase any Human record of such an action. Needless to say, it would require a cataclysmic event to erase the memory of the firing of a Halo.
4. At the beginning of Two Betrayals, 343-GS seems to view the Master Chief as a superior to himself. While 343-GS has no lack of self-confidence, he says that protocol does not allow units with [his] classification to perform a task as important as the re-unification of the Index with the Core. This in itself shows that the Master Chief is higher up on the food chain than 343-GS, but 343-GSs tone, one of respect bordering on awe, shows that not only is the position of Reclaimer higher than that of 343-GS, it is high compared to anything.
5. In The Maw, 343-GS downloads files from Cortanas memory. As he does it, he says, You can't imagine how exciting this is! To have a record of all our lost time! Human history, is it? Fascinating. The fact that 343-GS refers to it as our lost time indicates that he and the Master Chief, (which again can easily mean all of humanity), were in communication at one point, and were sharing information.
6. 343-GS is presumably an archeological/anthropological AI, which would explain both his insatiable thirst for knowledge and the fact that he was left in charge of a research station. It would seem vital for an anthropological AI to have an open mind, to accept other cultures so that he doesnt come at them with a bias that could alter his studies. However, he is shockingly biased as to the ways of the Master Chief and the Humans. He constantly remarks on what they do wrong: Ridiculous! That you would imbue a warship's AI with such a wealth of knowledge. Werent you worried that it might be captured? Or destroyed? This bias, aside from inexcusably horrible programming, could only come from a pre-conceived notion of how the Humans should be acting, which could only have come from previous contact.
A. Another interesting implication of this quote is that 343-GS doesnt believe in the destruction of knowledge, which is understandable for such a single-minded scientist. However, it also seems to indicate that he believes that this system, Cortana, is the only place where this information is stored.
I. We know that Fleet Command considers capture or destruction of a shipboard AI completely unacceptable, (Captain Keyes, The Pillar of Autumn), but, as is said in HALO: The Fall of Reach, this is simply because of the rapidly shrinking number of AIs in the Fleet, not because of the knowledge contained in them. It is true that the information that the shipboard AIs contain could lead the Covenant to Earth, but this would only explain the fear of capture, not destruction. And in any case, 343-GS does not know much, if anything, about the Human/Covenant war, and therefore that could not be a factor in his thinking.
B. It should also be noted that 343-GS never refers to the Covenant with the same bias and prejudice. Whenever he is talking about the Covenant, 343-GS always refers to them passively as the other species and doesnt seem concerned about their attempts to access restricted areas. This would indicate that he has had no contact with the Covenant before, and it supports the theory that he has pre-conceived notions about the Humans.
I. It is also interesting that in the Library, 343-GS assumes that the Covenant are the ones who released the Flood. He presents no evidence for this, and even he refers to it as conjecture. This assumption could be deadly in a crisis situation, and the only justification for such an assumption is a previous knowledge of the Humans, who, as the creators of the Halo, would know better than to release the Flood.
7. In the Library, 343-GS says, The installation was specifically built to study and contain the Flood: their survival as a race was dependant on it. I am grateful to see that some of them survived to reproduce. Now, one would assume that he meant that the Flood's survival as a race was dependant on it. But that doesnt make sense. Obviously, the Flood were doing just fine without being locked up, and it would be unnecessary to state that their survival depended on the mercy of the Forerunner in not destroying them completely. If 343-GS is saying that the Floods survival was dependant on the Forerunners mercy, it would make it sound like a condition in a treaty, and the Flood are incapable of negotiation. Therefore, it must have been the Forerunner's survival which was dependant on the containment of the Flood. This would then mean that 343-GS was glad to see that the Forerunner had survived to reproduce, meaning that the Master Chief was one of those Forerunner. Either way, though, it was a dire situation before it was controlled.
8. Another, more subjective piece of evidence is the nature of the Halo itself. Its environment is identical to that on Earth, in aspects of atmosphere, gravity, and flora. And the exterior of the Halo resembles the Human design of a very basic, metallic, unadorned construction, along with the steely silver color of their metal, as opposed to the purple of the Covenant. Even the door height and hall width conform to Human standards. The only thing on the Halo that doesnt look like it could come from Human design is the swamp plants, some of which look more like they came from the Flood's original environment than Earth. And those, it has been speculated, are simply Earth-plants that have been taken by the Flood themselves.
This is a wealth of information, if analyzed carefully and specifically. We will first reduce the above evidence into a set of facts, then establish a set of assumptions from other areas of the HALO universe, and then develop the most probable scenario from this information.
1. 343-GS thinks he was once in contact with the Humans.
2. 343-GS thinks the Humans once controlled the Halo.
3. 343-GS thinks the Forerunner constructed and controlled the Halo.
4. 343-GS thinks that the Forerunner and the Flood were once at odds, but the Forerunner were victorious and contained the Flood in the Halo(s).
5. After the containment of the Flood, 343-GS describes the establishment of a weapon and protocol for the containment of the Flood.
6. 343-GS expects the Humans both to know the protocols for containing the Flood and to want to go along with them.
7. 343-GS thinks that the Halo was once fired, and he thinks it was fired by the Master Chief.
1. The Covenant declared war on the Humans with no known provocation, but they seem to have been planning it for some time seeing as how prepared and quick to attack they were.
2. The Covenant are mainly an incorporative race, fiercely dogmatic but open to convert races.
3. The Covenant made no attempt whatsoever to incorporate Humanity into its system.
4. The Covenant revere the Forerunner as higher beings than themselves.
5. The Covenant have had contact with several Forerunner artifacts, and were able to recognize a Halo when they saw one.
6. The Covenant knew of a weapon on the Halo, but they did not know the specific nature of such a weapon.
7. The Humans are not aware of any contact between them and the Covenant prior to the beginning of the current war.
8. The Humans are not aware of any contact between them and the Forerunner prior to the actions of the SPARTANS and the discovery of the Forerunner artifacts outlined in the HALO game and books.
An ancient race, known only as the Forerunner, expands throughout the universe. During their expansion, they either create or find the Flood, it is irrelevant which. However, the Flood begin to attack the Forerunner and the Forerunner suddenly find themselves in a dire struggle. By the end of this First Outbreak, the Forerunner are victorious, and succeed in containing the Flood in a number of Halos. However, to prevent the Flood from ever again escaping out to where they could do any more damage, the Forerunner build the Halos with a weapon that is capable of destroying the Flood, along with any life form capable of sustaining them. To carry out this apocalyptic mission, the Forerunner gave the AIs that were in charge of the Halos the ability to fire them, but not without the presence of a living Forerunner to complete the firing sequence.
This system worked for a time, and life presumably went on as usual. But then, on one of the Halos, a Second Outbreak occurred. Following the containment procedures, the relevant Halo was fired. However, the firing of this Halo almost completely destroyed the Forerunner race. Most, if not all, of the Forerunner were killed off by the blast from the Halo, except for a few ragged survivors. These survivors were either on Earth to begin with and were just able to survive the blast, or were able to flee to Earth before they crashed. They went about rebuilding civilization, but they were so few and so crippled that they descended into barbarism, and thus was Human History born.
This is where things get hard to determine. It would seem that the Covenant, or at least the Prophets, were in contact with the Forerunner at the time of the Second Outbreak. They would probably have been an inferior race or a protectorate-style species. They were nearby to the Forerunner territory, and were close enough to know the Forerunner were very advanced but not close enough to take advantage of this technology. This way, when the Forerunner fired the Halos, the Prophets were also greatly damaged by the blast. However, because the Halos were in Forerunner territory, the blast hurt them more, and the Prophets were able to hold their civilization together in a more serious sense. They became hateful toward the Forerunner for nearly destroying their civilization, but kept them in near-reverence because of their vastly superior technology. Over the eons, this strange love-hate feeling for the Forerunner developed into a legend of their God-like status, but God-like in the Greek sense: not necessarily loving and gentle, but undoubtedly powerful. This way, the Prophets set about studying Forerunner technology, trying to learn about them and imitate their technology. They adopted their language, their symbolism, and their technology. As the Prophets utilized this technology to conquer race after race, they incorporated them into their collective in a continual attempt to raise themselves up to their perception of the Forerunners greatness.
Back on Earth, the Forerunner have rebuilt and grown into what we now know as Humanity. They begin to expand into the universe, growing in peace and ignorance. Then, they come under the scrutiny of the Covenant. The Prophets, realizing that the Forerunner have not been destroyed and assuming that they have returned to reclaim their domain, choose to attack and drive the Forerunner out, keeping the Forerunner secrets for themselves. Thus, they initiate a holy war against them and make absolutely no attempt to incorporate them into their collective. The Humans, unaware of their past connection to the Forerunner and the Prophets, try desperately to resist the invasion, eventually getting pushed back to Reach and making the jump to the Halo.
Once the Humans find the Halo, the Covenant go into high alert. Here are the returning descendants of the race that the Covenant have been trying to supplant for eons, and they have returned to the helm of the weapon that almost wiped out the Prophets Empire before it began! Thus, they go to desperate lengths to keep the Humans from finding out how to use the Halo, and they make a race to try to control key points before the Humans can. Thus, they make moves for the Silent Cartographer and the Control Room. However, the Covenant think that the main weapon of Halo is the only danger, and are unaware of exactly why the weapon was fired during the Second Outbreak. Thus, they unwittingly release the Flood. In doing so, they kick on all of the defense systems that have lain dormant since the Second Outbreak.
Realizing that the Flood has been released again, 343-Guilty Spark, the AI in charge of the Halo in question, begins the containment procedures. However, he finds that his former masters, the Forerunner, have arrived just in time to aid in the crisis. From his point of view, a hostile coalition of aliens have landed on the Halo and released the Flood, and the Forerunner have arrived to contain the Flood and repel those who released it. Selecting the obvious leader of what he assumes to be a containment team, 343-GS whisks the Master Chief off to complete the containment protocol and fire the Halo, thus succeed in ending the Third Outbreak. Master Chief, not knowing what he is doing, goes along with it, not knowing that it could completely destroy the rest of the Human race. When he learns what he is doing from Cortana, he of course stops and tries to find another way.
Meanwhile, the Covenant have realized that they are in way over their heads. They try to attempt a total retreat, leaving the Humans to deal with the mess. However, the Flood have gotten too far by then, and the Covenant can do nothing but be destroyed in the eventual destruction of Halo when the Master Chief detonates the Pillar of Autumns fusion core.
So where do we go from here? The Covenant continue their campaign to destroy the Forerunner just as the Forerunner almost destroyed them, Humanity continues to scramble to survive, and the Master Chief must use his knowledge of the Forerunner to lead Humanity to recover its history and rise to the glory of the fallen Forerunner before it is too late . . .
Well, there you go. A lot to chew on — some plausible, some not so plausible. Always good to get the little grey cells fired up, though.
The scene of the Longsword and the galaxy at the end of Halo has got me thinking about the location of Halo in our galaxy. I think that Halo could be in a globular cluster located on the Halo, the sparsely populated region extending above and beyond the spiral arms of the disk of the galaxy. Or it could be located at the end of one of the spiral arms of the galaxy. I prefer to think it is located in a globular cluster because this would provide the clear view of the galaxy shown. I also think that the galaxy shown could be the Andromeda galaxy, our nearest neighboring galaxy. Could this be were the Forerunner now reside?
Also Halo 04 cannot be located within any human territory because the Sol system is located on the inner edge of the Orion arm which is one of the center arms of the disk of our galaxy. So any star system for tens of thousands of light-years around would not be able to have a clear view because of interstellar dust and gas clouds that would obscure the clear view of the galaxy.
Just a few thoughts I felt like pointing a finger or two at.
My thought is on the Forerunners. Simply put - I don't think that the Forerunners mentioned so frequently as if they were theorigins of so many relics on so many planets were, in fact, organic. I've been kicking back and forth the idea that they were/are themselves constructs.
 Reason for keeping the flood.
- The construct-Forerunners ultimate goal was for themselves to not be machines, but organic. They wanted to contain and study the flood so as to better understand how they could, themselves, become organic entities. Suppose that this happened, initially, very long ago. Proir to the original developement of the dinosaurs or something. Give us a big time frame.
 Construct-Forerunner creation 'myths' and deification.
- Suppose after oh-so-many millions of years the construct-Forerunners get good at what they do, but are unsatisfied with the results. Sprouting from a conversation with a friend some time ago I had these thoughts, which lend to the 'failed experiment idea' I'm about to pose.
- Grunts are slow, and fairly weak as individuals. Fire absorbtion detail. Seems like what humans in reality produce with mechanical systems. Something that fills a niche.
- Jackals, while faster than grunts and more nimble, seem to be a deal more frail. Scouting detail.So now we have a robot that has more functioanlity, but is prone to mechanical failure.
- Hunters are by no means bright, but they make well with heavy lifting. Shock/seige troops. Now you have a 'bot capable of motion, but with a processor speed of your grandma's computer.
- Engineers seem fairly gear headed, and one track minded. Repair duties. Something that thinks a lot, but isn't as sturdy in form as the dumb guy upstairs.
- Brutes. I don't know terribly much at all about them, but they seem to be a mix between tactical and fire power. While still slightly out of balance, they're getting closer to multi-function.
- Elites are athletic, fairly intelligent, and all around quite capable. They are the scalpel force. They pilot the vehicles. They're the top of the food chain, but they can't do all the repairing, heavy lifting, scouting, fire absorbtion, etc.
- Prophets are brains that float. They have the least balance of all of the covenant. Seeing their creators and knowing them, they form the spiritual backbone of the Covenant. Deifying the construct-Forerunners.
- Humans. Simply put, and not to be egotistical and all, we are natures problem solvers. I we are what the construct-Forerunners would enter into the science fair. For every separate race the covenant has any human -can- accomodate. While not quite as well, they can do it. All of it.
 Failed experiments and jealous older 'brothers' abound.
- So, if all of the covenant we've seen so far has been a handful of failed construct-Forerunner attempts at making themselves organic forms, then I suppose they wouldn't care much for the successes. Namely humans. Prophets being the bright alien buggers they are know what humans are, and that is why they've declared spiritual war on all of humanity in the name of their creators. Why? They feel envy.
 Possible holes in this idea.
- Where are the construct-Forerunners now? It's not like they'd die if they were, as they are mechanical.
- Why would all the races be on separate planets?
- Why wouldn't the Prophets know where Earth was in the first place?
 Possible solution to possible holes.
- The construct-Forerunners were nomadic. Traveling from planet to planet, system to system. Constantly looking to make their creations 'better' and more functional. As humans were their 'perfect children' and 'last' to be made it's very possible that the construct-Forerunners had simply travelled far enough away from the prophets for the humans to go unnoticed. They've also travelled farther off, in hopes of finding more to study.
- The Halo rings were not left with the express purpose of killing the food source of the flood. While it was one purpose, they would also be able to destroy any experiments that went so wrong as to be dangerous. The flood were allowed to continueexisting because they were always being studied for how they interact with other organisms. Another possibility would be missed destruction of all flood on Halo, and the rings left active in case the need arose to kill off the newly created food source.
- 343GS is a construct-Forerunner, as are all of the sentinels. Left behind to maintain the ring, defend it when needed. Any reference by 343GS to the Forerunners is his creators. As I would expect they also made other mechanical 'life' along side themselves for menial tasks. This lends the cyclops idea a little more go for myself, with wall patterns, etc. Sentinels also only have one eye.
- John was assumed to be the reclaimer for his armor. The large faceplate resembling a single eye. Machine skin. 343GS, if he were a construct-Forerunner 'worker drone' of sorts would know the goal of creating a singular, self dependant race. John would epitomize this goal.
- 343GS also assumed John knew what he was supposed to do, his duty, because all construct-Forerunners would know. It would be in their databanks to opperate Halo when need be.
- An alternate/additional flood thought is that they were the initial 'accident' of the construct-Foreunners, and they were kept so that they could learn from their mistakes.
A lot of intriguing possibilities in there. Nomadic Forerunner, galaxy-seeding, explanations of the Sentinels and 343 Guilty Spark, a decent explanation for the usefullness of the Flood, all definitely worthy of further exploration.
The forerunners maybe had several different races included in them, much like the Covenant.
Which could explain why they disappeared. Perhaps the black sheep of the Forerunners could have allied themselves with the Covenant slaves, then drove off the Forerunners. Put them in hiding. Of course, the Covenant would then destroy the former allies, who had given them forerunner technology. Eventually, all that would be left are the Covenant. And the forerunners. After hundreds of thousands of years, the technology of the forerunners got lost, and they remerged as the Human Race.
This would explain the Holy War of the Covenant against humankind. The Prophets identified us as past forerunners, and then, to prevent being enslaved once again, told lies to the rest of the Covenant that we were the scourge of the universe, rather than telling them that we were the forerunners they have been studying for so long.
..."witness the firepower of this fully operational battle station."
While we at the HSP are all for the systematic dissection of available Halo 2 material, we are adamantly opposed to the review of any illegal information.
Hey, would the Flood have been scary at all had someone told you about them beforehand?


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Brighton es un pueblo ubicado en el condado de Marathon en el estado estadounidense de Wisconsin. En el Censo de 2010 tenía una población de 612 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 6,9 personas por km².

Geografía
Brighton se encuentra ubicado en las coordenadas . Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, Brighton tiene una superficie total de 88.72 km², de la cual 88.67 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (0.06%) 0.05 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 612 personas residiendo en Brighton. La densidad de población era de 6,9 hab./km². De los 612 habitantes, Brighton estaba compuesto por el 94.77% blancos, el 0% eran afroamericanos, el 0% eran amerindios, el 0.65% eran asiáticos, el 0% eran isleños del Pacífico, el 4.58% eran de otras razas y el 0% pertenecían a dos o más razas. Del total de la población el 6.54% eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Pueblos de Wisconsin
Localidades del condado de Marathon

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Home >Debates >Should homeschooling be allowed in every state?
Should homeschooling be allowed in every state?
I accept this debate. Good luck to you as well.
Hello! I am here to prove to you that home schooling should be allowed in every state. Many people from public school criticizes home schooling stating that a lot of home schoolers are are bellow the public standards. I am here to prove this is false.
"Why does home schooling get rave reviews?
Intimate involvement, knowledge, and guidance regarding your child""s education"
As shown in this link, homeschoolers graduated 9.2% with higher grades than their peers who went to public school.
If my opponent wishes to try to prove me wrong he may do so next round.
Now, I can't prove wrong the benefits that you have stated, but I can show the negative effects homeschooling can have on someone.
My opponent argued that homeschooling can be done anywhere and can bring families closer together.
While this is true, the homeschooled students are not exposed to the social settings that public schools provide. I have a friend that was homeschooled for majority of her life, and you could tell that she lacked in social skills.  shows that not only do homeschoolers lack social skills that public schoolers maintain, but the lack of separation of parent/child create a dependency on the parent from the child. With no separation, the child will become more dependent on the parents, just like with my friend. Now, I am not saying this is always the case, but it is very common.
My opponent also argued that "homeschoolers graduated 9.2% with higher grades."
Now, this quote grammatically does not make sense to me. I actually have no idea what they mean by this quote, so to refute this, all I can say is that, there are less homeschooled people in college than there are public schooled people.  shows that approximately 1.77million people are homeschooled, whereas in 2011, there were 49.5million people that were public schooled . Now, to say that a 100% of homeschoolers go to college and only 10% of public schoolers do (hypothetically), there is still an unfair ratio, allowing more variance and faults in the 4.95million homeschoolers and the 1.77million homeschoolers. You see, when it coms to percentages, you have to carefully examine how many people are counted in each side. And in this, it is definitely biased in the homeschooling favor because if they have 500k with good scores, that makes a higher percent than if 500k public schoolers had good scores.
First, I would like to thank my opponent for taking this debate! I would also like to inform him that 2 out of 3 of his links are invalid because my computer could not bring them up. The education360 and NCES.gov are unable to be brought up at least on my computer. The other link made me perplexed. I could not see how this could help his case. It is just statistics of the numbers of homeschoolers.
You failed to account that there are many home school groups made so homeschoolers can get interaction.
This link shows a group in Florida that allows homeschoolers to have grads, dances, and even high school graduation!
Your next argument was about homeschoolers creating a dependency on their parents. These two links prove otherwise.
These two links do not only presents the benefits from home schooling, but also say that homeschoolers are normally the most ready for college compared to children who went to public school. Wouldn't it be the opposite if homeschoolers had a dependency on their parents?
My opponent did not even understand my statement, so therefore I do not think he should have made a rebuttal. Here is what I meant. If you would take a home schooled child, and compared their test scores to a child who went to public school, on average, the home schooled child's test scores would be 9.2% higher than the public school child. This states that the average homeschooler has better test scores than the average public schooled child.
I have negated my opponent's previous arguments from last round. If the opponent wishes to prove me wrong, he can do so this round.
There was a colon that interefered and broke the link, sorry.
My opponent argued that homeschoolers are not dependent on their parent/s and get to have social interactions with other homeschoolers.
I cannot deny that the homeschoolers get to have interaction with other people, but when we talk about social interaction, we are talking more on a larger scale. When someone attends public school, they may see new faces everyday, or they may be exposed to the same people in a lot of their classes. These interactions are every day, weekends and holidays excluded. Whereas, a homeschooler may have a fewe field trips a month or even a week, but majority of the time they stay in their home surroundings with their family. When you say they aren't dependent on their parents, please explain why not rather than making everyone read an article. They are around their parents not only after school but during school, creating a stronger bond and dependency on the parent than you would find with public schoolers. Also, there was a statistic on the site about graduation rates, so please read my next rebuttal.
My opponent stated that I should not have refuted their argument and clarifies the argument they made earlier.
Even though I did not understand your argument, I refuted it, so to clarify it did not refute my argument. My argument was based on the populations on both homeschoolers and public schoolers. This is crucial when it comes to percentages and statistics. So, let me make it easier for you. Say you have 20 apples and 30 oranges. Now say 10 of each went bad. That would mean that HALF of the apples are still good and ONE THIRD of the oranges are still good. You see, I brought up population because there are more than TEN TIMES the amount of public schoolers than homeschoolers. This leads to more variance and skew in the publicschooling data, so the homeschooling data would have to get less people score higher to have a higher average than that of the publicschoolers.
Rebuttal 1: This is kinda superficial. Homeschoolers meet new people when they join their group. With your previous statement "They see new faces everyday." That can be done at a supermarket! Homeschooler field trips is driving to somewhere educational (Not a theme park) and explaining and doing a lesson on how everything there works. Homeschooler field trips happen more than you think. See this video about 7 lies about homeschoolers.
My opponent clearly did not get my previous statement. Lets just say you pick 20 random kids who go to public school and 20 random kids who are home schooled, and compare their grades. The home schooled group on average would have test scores 9.2% higher than the kids that are public schooled.
I have negated the con's previous statements. If he wishes to prove me wrong, he may do so this round.
My opponent forfeited the debate. Thank you for reading! I extend my arguments. Vote Pro!
What Pro should have said in R1 is, "A study showed that home schooled students are more likely to graduate college, by 9.2%, than public school students." Pro botched the wording of the claim, but it was clearly stated in the reference, which Con should have read. Con's argument about the number of graduates was not responsive; we care about what percentage of students with a certain background succeed, not how many of them there are. Con's argument about variance is wrong. Variance errors are a problem when there is too little data to reach a valid conclusion; that wasn't alleged.
A source cannot be referenced as making arguments, only as supporting evidence for the validity of the argument. Pro could have gotten a lot more out of his second reference in R1 by making the arguments in the article and then citing the article.
Con forfeited, but five round debates are usually too much for people to read. One round for acceptance plus three rounds of debate is a good pattern.
i just realized. I mean TWO THIRDS of the oranges are still good, got it mixed up.
Reasons for voting decision: Due to forfeiture, Anderson loses arguments and conduct. Also, pro had better arguments. My favorite thing that he did was make benefits that were literally not refutable, as said by con.


The fewer intermediaries there are between you and the person you're actually going to be working for, the better.
These could be readily expanded in anticipation of public policy changes to enhance the role of health intermediaries.
So we do our best to do that through intermediaries and through our local security and police authorities.
Up until now, lenders, brokers and intermediaries in the industry adhered to a voluntary code of conduct.
Initially the loans will only be available through intermediaries, but are expected to be rolled out in the branches shortly after.
Other intermediaries such as agents and brokers do not take title to goods.
In the days before the internet, cutting out intermediaries and selling motor insurance down a phone line was revolutionary.
This significant opportunity allows intermediaries to advise on and sell our range of health insurance plans.
The villagers are mostly illiterate, so they have to go to intermediaries to get any official documents prepared.
On behalf of both intermediaries and end-user clients, we administer over 30,000 client companies and trusts.
Shadowy intermediaries and peacemakers were active in both lands.
Initially we thought of ourselves as little more than the intermediaries between these various artists and a public.
Mr Gibbins also worked with other brokers and intermediaries.
It has concentrated on the buy-to-let market where it sells products through intermediaries.
The fund will raise money from the fees paid by the investment intermediaries.
Galloway has denied receiving funds but admits that intermediaries who worked for him may have done so.
The press release called on intermediaries to improve the way they give advice on sub prime mortgages.
Migrants also relied on intermediaries to negotiate with corrupt authorities that demanded bribes at international borders.
By bypassing profiteering intermediaries, farmers can get a fair price for their product.
The Broker Network brings together more than 100 independent intermediaries from around the country.
There were few intermediary institutions for them to negotiate with.
He said this could revive the banking sector's intermediary role, which has been drastically weakened since the financial crisis.
In other words, hair fibers may transfer through an intermediary surface.
We used a intermediary system to talk between various devices.
He said the registration of tenancies with the statutory board threatened to compromise its intermediary role.
These new businesses provide a 'trusted intermediary layer' between the client and suppliers.
The flat bones ossify directly from such fibrous tissue rather than from intermediary cartilage.
Rochester's writings embody many of the contradictions of this intermediary era.
It should be permissible, for instance, for intermediary tables to differentiate between smokers and non-smokers.
Oates had authorised a complex series of back-to-back loans through intermediary companies.
A score of zero indicates absence of symptoms, three represents maximum severity, while scores of one and two are intermediary statements.
Therefore, by using nickel as an intermediary metal the joint can be made.
In many cases, traditional intermediary firms are using electronic media as a way of optimizing their services.
Government agencies should therefore take on an intermediary role.
Back in the office, you can download the data to a workstation without intermediary paperwork.
Since then, he said, public support has fallen because there are no more intermediary benchmarks.
The intermediary level was to be paved, with a narrow planting area along the left wall as you look at the stone planters and steps.
Companies would no longer have to spend on intermediary software that made the connections for them, often on a custom basis.
It makes the intermediary role of doctors mandatory for the purpose.
We have a new big boss and one of her first decisions is to be whether we have an intermediary boss.


text:
Melbourne International Arts Festival, formerly Spoleto Festival Melbourne – Festival of the Three Worlds, then Melbourne International Festival of the Arts, becoming commonly known as Melbourne Festival,  was a major international arts festival held in Melbourne, Australia, from 1986 to 2019. It was to be superseded by a new festival called  Rising from 2020 (which was subsequently derailed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia).

History

Names
Spoleto Melbourne – Festival of the Three Worlds, under the direction of composer Gian Carlo Menotti, was established in 1986 by the Cain government, as a sister festival of the Festival dei Due Mondi in Spoleto and the Spoleto Festival USA held in Charleston, South Carolina. The festival changed its name to the Melbourne International Festival of the Arts in 1990. It then became known as Melbourne International Arts Festival from 2003, becoming commonly known as Melbourne Festival.

The Festival was later renamed Melbourne International Arts Festival, which it retained until 2019.

Directors
It has had a number of high-profile artistic directors, including Clifford Hocking, Leo Schofield, Robyn Archer, Richard Wherrett, Jonathan Mills and Kristy Edmunds.

The artistic director for the 2009–2012 festivals was Brett Sheehy. Previously, Sheehy was artistic director of the Adelaide Festival of Arts (2006–2008), and Festival Director and Chief executive of Sydney Festival (2002–2005).

In January 2012, Melbourne Festival announced the appointment of Josephine Ridge as creative director for the 2013 festival and beyond. Prior to her appointment Josephine was general manager, then executive director and co-CEO with four artistic directors at Sydney Festival. Josephine appointed several high-profile arts workers to her creative team, including Louise Neri (Creative Associate – Visual Arts) and Richard Tognetti (Creative Associate – Music).

Selected productions
The 2006 Melbourne Festival hosted a production of Ngapartji Ngapartji, with much of the dialogue in the Pitjantjatjara language.

It premiered the universally critically acclaimed productions from The Black Arm Band, murundak in 2006, Hidden Republic in 2008 and dirtsong in 2009.

In 2015 the Australian Art Orchestra debuted Water Pushes Sand at the Festival. The piece merged Australian and Sichuanese folk musical styles and featured Zheng Sheng Li, a Sichuan Cheng Du "face changing" dancer.

In 2019 it was announced that in 2020, the festival would be transformed into Rising, to be held in the winter over several weeks. The new festival would combine the Melbourne International Arts Festival with White Night Melbourne Reimagined.

Description
Melbourne Festival was one of the most significant festivals in Australia, together with the Sydney Festival and the Adelaide Festival of Arts. It hosted performances by established artistic companies as well as independent acts.  It was an important event on the Australian cultural calendar. Each festival invited a range of dance, theatre, music, visual arts, multimedia and outdoor events from renowned and upcoming Australian and international companies and artists to Melbourne. It offered a wide variety of free family-friendly events.

It took place over 17 days each October.

Artistic directors

See also

 Melbourne International Comedy Festival
 Melbourne Fringe Festival
 Melbourne International Film Festival
 Melbourne Writers Festival
 Moomba
 Next Wave Festival
 Sydney Festival
 Perth International Arts Festival
 Brisbane Festival
 Adelaide Festival
 Ten Days on the Island

References

Festivals in Melbourne
1986 establishments in Australia
Classical music festivals in Australia
Music festivals established in 1986
Performing arts in Melbourne
Music festivals in Melbourne


Given that I'm such a foodie and also frugal at the same time, several readers have written to me recently asking for tips on dining out. I collected some of my thoughts together and thus present this guide to how I eat out in such a way that my frugal sensibilities are in balance with my desire for exquisite food.
If I am going to be served food by someone else, I want to be an experience I will really remember. I generally find "sit down fast food" restaurants like Chili's and Applebees (want to see what I mean?) to be an overpriced and preservative-laden version of what I can make at home.
Thus, rather than eating out every other week at a place like this, I save my nickels and dimes and eat out every three months or so at an exquisite local restaurant. I have enough available money to spend so that prices aren't really an issue, either – I can share a bottle of wine with my wife if we choose to, for example. There are several outstanding restaurants in the greater Des Moines area, and I'd far rather drop $80-100 at one of those for a meal than drop $20 five times at other places.
Why? Even though this was my philosophy before having children, it's even stronger now. I eat out for the experience, and the experience of dining at a top-notch restaurant is something I remember – I don't remember trips to the IHOP, though I'll eat at those places in a group setting without any problem.
If you eat out rarely, as I do, don't spend your time worrying about finding the healthiest item on the menu. The rare occasion of eating out somewhere nice should be savored, thus I recommend chooing items that excite your palate above all.
I enjoy eating out in small groups, but the company should be suitably enjoyable. If you're going to eat out with someone and it's not a fully comfortable situation, don't eat out at a high-end place.
Life is a series of experiences, and it is the great ones that stick with us. I'm a firm believer in lining things up so events will be of the highest enjoyment possible – if you don't enjoy the company, don't go for the gusto with the meal. Stay at home, or eat at a simpler place.
Almost every restaurant will give you water for free. Order it. Sip it between bites. This is something I try to do at home as well for two reasons: it increases your enjoyment of the flavor of the food as the water cleanses your palate between bites, and it sates your appetite quicker, meaning you're less likely to eat too much resulting in misery and weight gain.
Quite often, the staff has a particular wine to "recommend," which happens to be whatever wine there's an abundance of in the back. Instead of going down that route, decide what you're going to order first, then select a wine to complement that food.
As a thumbnail rule, the wine should match the color of the meat. Red wine for beef, white wine for poultry, fish, and pasta. Pork can go either way; I usually order a red with it, though. More specifically, I order a chardonnay with chicken or pork, a cabernet with steak (or other cuts of beef), sauvignon blanc with fish, and pinot grigio with pasta.
Some people might be surprised by this, but it comes from personal experience at a restaurant. If you don't do a cash gratuity, the restaurant sometimes scrapes it into their own profit coffers and the hardworking waiter you're trying to tip gets only part of it – or sometimes nothing. One restaurant I am familiar with actually collects all tips, then gives a very small (almost insulting) "Christmas bonus" to all of the employees, which adds up to only a small fraction of the gratuities.
Thus, I try to make an effort to leave a cash gratuity, particularly if the service was very good. Often, I'll note that on the receipt – I'll write "cash" on the tip line and then write the total as being equal to the bill (I always pay by credit card at such places). Some places add the gratuity into the bill for you – something I don't like – but most do not for a small party.
The most important thing of all? Enjoy the experience.


Paul Deakin, 36, of Ely Close, Worksop. Interfered with a vehicle. Committed to prison for 18 weeks, suspended for 12 months, £115 victim surcharge and £85 costs.
Bartosz Styrylski, 22, of Cheapside, Worksop. Driving while disqualified from holding a licence. Community order made, be under a curfew from 7pm to 6am for 16 weeks, £85 victim surcharge, £85 costs and disqualified from holding a licence for 12 months.
Courtney Lee, 18, of Spital Hill, Retford. Drove a car while under the influence of 223 milligrams of alcohol. Fined £120, £30 victim surcharge, £50 costs and disqualified from holding a licence for 20 months.
Thomas Dickson, 28, of Wright-Wilson Street, Retford. Damaged a wooden fish shaped sign to the value of £100. Ordered to pay £100 compensation.
Martyn Fleming, 33, of Rampton Hospital, Retford Road, Woodbeck. Assaulted a man by beating. Pay £250 compensation and £200 costs.
Jack Wilson, 21, of Coniston Road, Worksop. In possession of a credit card knife in public. Committed to prison for 18 weeks, suspended for 12 months, 80 hours unpaid work, £115 victim surcharge, £85 costs and knife forfeited and destroyed.
Ann-Marie Hubbard, 27, of Lime Tree Avenue, Carlton-in-Lindrick. Child failed to attend school regularly. Fined £220, £30 victim surcharge and £120 costs.


text:
Q: Building OSgi Web app bundle with Primefaces on glassfish - NoClassDefFoundError: javax/faces/context/FacesContextFactory I'm trying to get my OSGi WAB to work, but kept either getting NoClassDefFoundError: javax/faces/context/FacesContextFactory or FacesContexFactory was not configured properly.
I got the first error when I do not include the javax.faces.jar in my war's WEB-INF/lib file and let the application use the one that comes with glassfish and also set class-laoder to use delegate in glassfish-web.xml.
Because of that, I figured, maybe I should include the javax.faces.jar in the war but then I get the FacesContexFactory was not configured properly error.
I've been Googling around and have NOT been able to find anything useful. Any suggestion?
Here's my configs:
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
        <param-value>Production</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>facelets.SKIP_COMMENTS</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- Servlet Config -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- jsf mapping -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- Welcome page -->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>pages/index.xhtml</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

glassfish-web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE glassfish-web-app PUBLIC "-//GlassFish.org//DTD GlassFish Application Server 3.1 Servlet 3.0//EN" "http://glassfish.org/dtds/glassfish-web-app_3_0-1.dtd">
<glassfish-web-app error-url="">
  <context-root>/helloWorld</context-root>
  <class-loader delegate="true"/>
</glassfish-web-app>

MANIFEST.MF:
Manifest-Verion: 1.0
Bundle-ManifestVersion: 2
Bundle-SymbolicName: HelloWorld
Bundle-Version: 0.1.0.SNAPSHOT
Bundle-Name: Simulation Vis
Import-Package: javax.servlet,
 javax.servlet.http,
 javax.ws.rs,
 javax.ws.rs.core,
 org.osgi.framework;version="1.3.0"
Bundle-ClassPath: .,
 WEB-INF/classes,
 WEB-INF/lib/primefaces-5.3.jar
Web-ContextPath: /helloWorld
Bundle-RequiredExecutionEnvironment: JavaSE-1.7
Bundle-Activator: my.Activator
Require-Bundle: tests.service;bundle-version="0.1.0";visibility:=reexport
Bundle-Vendor: Foo Bar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Das Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster ist eine Allgemeinbildende höhere Schule im Stift Kremsmünster in der Marktgemeinde Kremsmünster in Oberösterreich. Das humanistisch-neusprachliche Stiftsgymnasium vermittelt Allgemeinbildung und als katholische Schule humanistisch-christliche Grundhaltungen.

Geschichte

Öffentliche Klosterschule
Die frühere unter  stehende Klosterschule des Stiftes ist seit 1549 eine "Schule für die Öffentlichkeit", und ab 1804 auch als kaiserlich-königliches Konvikt geführt. Im Zeitraum 1800–1873 hatte die Anstalt insgesamt rund 3120 Schüler. Das heutige Gymnasialgebäude wurde im Jahr 1891 vom Architekten Hermann Krackowizer errichtet. Ab 1906 war im Konvikt mit dem Museum auch ein Sängerknabeninstitut integriert. Von 1938 bis 1945 wurden das Gymnasium und Internat zwischenzeitlich als NS-Oberschule und NS-Schülerheim geführt. Seit 1990 wurden im vormaligen Knabeninternat auch erstmals Mädchen und externe Fahrschüler aufgenommen. Das der Schule angeschlossene Konvikt wurde im Jahr 2013 nach mehr als 200 Jahren wegen mangelnder Auslastung geschlossen, und wird seither als Tagesheim weitergeführt. Seit 2016 beherbergt es auch Sonderunterrichtsräume wie einen Physiksaal, Biologiesaal oder auch Zeichensäle. Im Zuge dieses Umbaus wurde ein unterirdischer Verbindungsgang zum Schulgebäude und ein neuer Turnsaal errichtet.

Missbrauchsfälle

Ab 2010 war das Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster im Zusammenhang mit der Aufarbeitung der Missbrauchsfälle im Stift Kremsmünster immer wieder Gegenstand öffentlichen Interesses, wobei die jüngsten dokumentierten Fälle sexueller Gewalt bis ins Jahr 2001 zurückgehen. Eine vom Münchner Institut für Praxisforschung (IPP) unter der Leitung des Sozialpsychologen Heiner Keupp durchgeführte wissenschaftliche Studie zum Thema "Sexualisierte, psychische und physische Gewalt in Konvikt und Gymnasium des Benediktinerstifts Kremsmünster" nannte unter anderem eine mangelnde pädagogische Qualifikation als Ursache für ein im Stiftsgymnasium bis in die jüngste Vergangenheit praktiziertes System des erzieherischen Missbrauchs. Seit September 2014 erinnert auch eine Gedenktafel im Gymnasialgang an die von den oben genannten Gewaltformen betroffenen ehemaligen Schüler des Gymnasiums. Im Juni 2017 wurde erneut ein Lehrer des Stiftsgymnasiums aufgrund von "Quälen oder Vernachlässigen unmündiger, jüngerer oder wehrloser Personen" angeklagt, und vom Landesgericht Steyr zu einer Geldbuße von 6400 Euro verurteilt.

Neuer Träger
Seit dem Schuljahr 2013/14 wird das Gymnasium vom Schulverein des Benediktinerstiftes Kremsmünster getragen. Im Jahr 2018 besuchten 411 Schüler das Gymnasium, von den 48 Professoren sind aktuell auch sechs Patres (Stand 2020). Seit der Schließung des Internats hat das ehemals österreichweit als Eliteschule bekannte Stiftsgymnasium jedoch eine überwiegend lokale Bedeutung für einheimische Schüler oder Fahrschüler aus der Region. Mehr als die Hälfte der Schüler wechselt während oder nach der Unterstufe in eine andere Schule, während aktuell nur rund ein Drittel der Schulanfänger das Gymnasium auch mit der Matura abschließt.

Bekannte Schüler und Absolventen

Ein Teil der Absolventen des Stiftsgymnasiums ist bis heute im Verein der Altkremsmünsterer organisiert.
 Georg Pasterwiz (1730–1803), Komponist und katholischer Theologe
 Beda Plank (1741–1830), katholischer Geistlicher, Dramatiker sowie Regens chori im Stift Kremsmünster
 Franz Xaver Süßmayr (1766–1803), Komponist
 Johann Michael Vogl (1768–1840), Sänger und Freund Franz Schuberts
 Franz Xaver Nippel von Weyerheim (1787–1862), Bürgermeister von Graz und Richter am Oberlandesgericht Wien
 Anton von Spaun (1790–1849), Literaturhistoriker, Volkskundler und Musiker
 Joseph Mohr (1792–1848), Priester und Dichter u. a. des Weihnachtsliedes Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht
 Joseph Kenner (1794–1868), k.k. Beamter, Zeichner, Dichter, Bezirkshauptmann von Freistadt und Bezirksvorsteher in Bad Ischl
 Franz von Schober (1796–1882), Dichter, Librettist und Lithograf sowie Schauspieler in Breslau und Legationsrat in Weimar
 Adalbert Stifter (1805–1868), Schriftsteller, Lyriker, Maler und Pädagoge
 Karl Wilhelm Mayrhofer (1806–1853), Arzt, Homöopath und Schriftsteller
 Anton Hye von Glunek (1807–1895),  Rektor der Universität Wien 1871–1872
 Josef Brenner von Felsach (Mediziner) (1807–1876), Salinen- und Badearzt in Bad Ischl
 Franz Xaver Schmid (1819–1883), Philosoph, Schriftsteller und Hochschullehrer
 Karl Wagner von Inngau (1819–1893) Jurist, 1876 bis 1887 Präsident des Handelsgerichts Wien
 Carl Franz Planck von Planckburg (1833–1880), Bankier
 Gottfried Edmund Frieß (1836–1904), Benediktiner, Historiker und Lehrer
 Karl Mayrhofer (1837–1882), Gynäkologe und Hochschullehrer
 Johann Nepomuk Schauer (1840–1914), Jurist, Politiker und Bürgermeister von Wels
 Otto Wagner (1841–1918), Architekt, Architekturtheoretiker und Stadtplaner Wiens
 Anton von Eiselsberg (1860–1939), Pionier der Unfallchirurgie
 Ignaz Emanuel Dörfler (1866-1950), Botaniker und Forschungsreisender, der Schule verwiesen
 Bonifaz Zölß (1875–1956), 64. Abt des Stiftes Admont
 Gottfried Kneifel (* 1948), dreifacher Präsident des Bundesrates
 Stephan P. Leher (* 1956), römisch-katholischer Moraltheologe und Universitätsprofessor
 Michael Strugl (* 1963), Politiker, Landeshauptmann-Stellvertreter

Weblinks
 Altkremsmünsterer Verein
 Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster

Einzelnachweise

Gymnasium
Gymnasium in Oberösterreich
Bildungseinrichtung in der Diözese Linz
Katholische Schule in Österreich
Humanistisches Gymnasium in Österreich
Stiftsgymnasium Kremsmünster
Sexueller Missbrauch in der römisch-katholischen Kirche
Privatschule in Österreich


text:
Cyclical Consumer Goods
Biden aide sees localized COVID-19 restrictions, not national lockdown, after inauguration
By Doina Chiacu, Anurag Maan
Nov 13 (Reuters) - With cities and states across the United States reimposing restrictions this week to tame alarming surges in coronavirus infections and hospitalizations, a senior adviser to President-elect Joe Biden said on Friday there were no plans for nationwide lockdowns next year.
Chicago this week urged residents to stay at home and shun visitors for the next 30 days, which includes the Thanksgiving holiday in late November. New Yorkers will find restaurants closing even earlier at 10 p.m. beginning on Friday. Detroit's public school district suspended in-person learning starting on Friday, telling students to expect to attend online classes at home until at least Jan. 11.
Some version of this patchwork of localized measures is likely to stay in place after Biden's inauguration on Jan. 20, after the Democratic former vice president beat Republican President Donald Trump in this month's election.
"We're not in a place where we're saying shut the whole country down." Dr. Vivek Murthy, a former U.S. surgeon general now leading Biden's coronavirus advisory board, said in an interview with ABC's "Good Morning America."
"Right now the way we should be thinking about this is more like a series of restrictions that we dial up or down depending on how a bad spread is taking place in a specific region," he said.
Surges in COVID-19 infections are alarming officials across the United States, home to the deadliest outbreak of the global pandemic, with more than 100,000 new cases detected each day. The country has reported a seven-day rolling average of more than 1,000 deaths in the past six consecutive days, a trend last seen in August.
COVID-19 cases more than doubled in 13 states in the past two weeks, most of them in the Midwest, led by Iowa, Minnesota, Michigan and Illinois, according to a Reuters tally of figures reported by U.S. public health agencies.
Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot told reporters on Thursday that the average number of new cases in the city has jumped from 500 to 1,900 per day over the last month, and the rate of coronavirus tests coming back positive tripled to 15% from 5%.
In New York City, the seven-day rolling average of positive tests continued to creep up to the 3% threshold that Mayor Bill de Blasio has said will trigger the reclosing of schools and the return of wholly virtual learning. That rate stood at 2.83% as of Friday morning, de Blasio said during his weekly appearance on WNYC's "The Brian Lehrer Show."
"People should get ready," he said. "Have an alternative plan for beginning as early as Monday." (Reporting by Doina Chiacu in Washington, Anurag Maan in Bangalore and Jonathan Allen in New York; Editing by Bill Berkrot)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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First ride: Francis-Barnett Kestrel/Merlin
8th March 2016 MSL Editor Bike Reviews, Commuter, First ride, Retro
The Kestrel rides like any other decent modern 125
A blast from the past – is this the ultimate retro 125?
Remember Francis-Barnett? This British maker of two-stroke commuters and trials bikes went bust in 1966. But now it's back, because a Midlands businessman (not Triumph's John Bloor) has bought the rights to the name and re-launched the marque. He's offering two 125s – the road-going Kestrel and the Merlin trailie.
Where's it from?
We'd like to say that these bikes represent a rebirth of an all-British 125, but they don't. Both are restyled versions of the Herald Classic, straight from China. But they've been transformed, thanks to Mutt Motorcycles, who already supplies restyled versions of the Herald Classic to order (www.muttmotorcycles.com).
A bike's looks can be altered a huge amount with some detail changes and a lick of paint, so while both Francis-Barnetts' retain the Herald's standard engine/gearbox, frame, forks and fuel tank, other changes have transformed them.
The Kestrel has 18-inch alloy rims with stainless steel spokes, classic Brit-style silencer, narrower handlebars and fatter Dunlop K70 tyres. The rubber makes a difference, as having the same sizes front and rear gives a hint of flat track, while the seat is swapped for a Francis-Barnett replica and the shocks are shrouded, like back in the day.
The Merlin gets a 21-inch front wheel, 18-inch rear, high-level exhaust, wide braced bars and Dunlop D803 knobbly tyres; the shocks are exposed and the mudguards are aluminium (probably stainless steel on production bikes). The frame is modified, shortening the rear section so that the solo seat is in keeping.
Both bikes are finished in Francis-Barnett's trademark Arden Green, and neither are cheap – you're probably looking at twice the price of the standard Herald Classic for the Kestrel and more still for the Merlin, reflecting the more involved conversion. Still, there's no denying they look like an early '60s Brit classic.
Not much, because these bikes are destined for Sunday fun, not collecting groceries from the Co-op. And the stripped-down look is all part of the appeal.
With identical engine, frame and front forks to the Herald, it's hardly surprising that the Francis-Barnetts' ride much the same as them. The Kestrel's fatter front tyre doesn't seem to have changed the handling much and it accelerates up to 50mph like any decent geared 125, winding up to 65-70mph maximum. The only downside is that the classic-looking seat is very high which had me (30-inch leg) on tiptoes.
The Merlin isn't as happy on the road, being less eager and slower to accelerate. Mutt Motorcycles say that the bigger rear wheel and knobbly tyre have raised the gearing – production bikes will have lower gearing to restore some zip. But on easy off-road tracks, the Merlin came into its own, light and responsive enough to make it a pleasant green-laner.
A nicely done conversion that looks the part, with all the convenience and economy of a modern 125 – but it costs at least twice the price of a Herald Classic.
(Francis-Barnett Kestrel version)
ENGINE: Air-cooled single-cylinder 124cc, SOHC
POWER: 10.7bhp
BRAKES: Front: disc / Rear: drum
TYRES: Front: 2.75-18 / Rear: 2.75-18
SUSPENSION: Front: telescopic forks / Rear: twin shocks, pre-load adj
TANK CAPACITY: 12 litres
COLOUR: Arden green
CONTACT: www.francis-barnett.org
PRICE: Circa £3000 upwards
First rideFrancis-BarnettKestrel/Merlin
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Coregonus albula, known as the vendace or as the European cisco, is a species of freshwater whitefish in the family Salmonidae. It is found in lakes in northern Europe, especially Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Russia and Estonia, and in some lakes of Norway, the United Kingdom, northern Germany, and Poland. It is also found in diluted brackish water in the Gulfs of Finland and Bothnia, both of which are in the Baltic Sea.

The length of an adult is normally about . The maximum age is about ten years.

The vendace is traditionally the most important target of freshwater fisheries in parts of Fennoscandia and Russia. Vendace roe is considered a delicacy, which has been granted a PDO status in the Swedish Bothnian Bay archipelago (Kalix löjrom).

Description
The vendace is a slim, streamlined fish with an adipose fin - an additional small fin on the back between the dorsal fin and the tail (caudal fin), as is typical of the salmon family. Its lower jaw is longer than the upper one. It is similar in appearance to both the common whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus sensu lato), whose upper jaw is longer than its lower one, and the peled (Coregonus peled), whose jaws are of equal length. The back is bluish green or brown, the flanks are silvery and the belly white. This fish seldom grows more than  long.

Biology
Vendace mainly feed on zooplankton, such as small crustaceans and their larvae, but larger fish also feed on floating insects and fish fry. The fish live in schools made up of large groups of individuals. They lay their eggs on pebbly or sandy ground, some in shallow water and others at depths of down to . The fish mature at a young age and most spawn for the first time in their second year, but a few may breed in their first autumn.

Systematics
The European vendace is very closely related to the Siberian Coregonus sardinella (sardine cisco) and also to C. peled, although phenotypic differences are clear.

Within the vendace, taxonomic subdivisions have been suggested both on geographical grounds and between sympatric ecotypes.
FishBase lists the British populations of vendace as a separate species, Coregonus vandesius, but this distinction is not accepted by all scientists.

Coregonus albula generally breeds in the autumn, but in several North European lakes distinct spring-spawning populations of vendace exist, some of which have been described as separate species: in Sweden, as Coregonus trybomi, and in two lakes of northern Germany, as Coregonus fontanae and Coregonus lucinensis. These populations are sympatric with autumn-spawning vendace and seem to have evolved post-glacially from them independently in each lake.

See also
Cisco

References

albula
Fish described in 1758
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Freshwater fish of Europe


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Certificates of Lawfulness
Objections to proposals
Recent planning and enforcement cases
Survey projects
A few of our recent cases where planning permission has been granted,
Certificates of Lawfulness issued or enforcement matters successfully dealt with.
Replacement dwelling
Section 73 variation of a condition
Certificate of Lawfulness for an existing use or development
Change of use of Listed barn
Alterations and extension of a barn
Enforcement Notice quashed
Certificate of Lawfulness- non-compliance
Conversion of an historic watermill
Planning Inquiry relating to a caravan in the countryside
Planning permission relating to a countryside barn
Planning and Listed Building appeals for the conversion of barns adjacent to a Listed Building.
Appeal to retain a dormer window built not in compliance with the approved plans
Planning permission granted for the retention and use of a rebuilt barn
Certificate of Lawfulness granted
Replacement of a cottage destroyed by fire
A new level five sustainable house
Underground house in a conservation area
Planning permission granted first for an extension, and then for a replacement dwelling on a site within a Conservation Area, in a National Park, and adjacent to a Grade 1 Listed Building. The original building was a small 1930s bungalow and the replacement is a spacious contemporary dwelling that makes best use of the beautiful site.
Permission granted for a condition to be varied to allow two new, much needed traveller pitches.
A CLE was issued for the use of land for the stationing of a residential caravan and the use of the surrounding land as a garden as sufficient unequivocal evidence concerning the continuous use of the land for 10 years was gathered and submitted.
Planning permission and Listed Building Consent granted for the change of use of an historic barn to ancillary accommodation associated with holiday lets, and as a wedding venue, and for other historic alterations to the building.
Permission granted under Section 73 to make new openings into a barn, for which we previously gained permission for conversion to a dwelling, and full planning permission granted to add an attached double garage.
The case involved an interesting 1920s building in a National Park that had been used as a holiday home. A CLE was issued for the use of the building for residential purposes as sufficient unequivocal evidence concerning the continuous use of the land for 10 years was presented.
EN issued alleging the unauthorised change of use of the land and existing agricultural building from use for agriculture to use for residential purposes by the use of a caravan or campervan for residential purposes on the land. As the building was not just in agricultural use the allegation the Inspector concluded that the enforcement notice did not specify with sufficient clarity the alleged breach of planning control. As he could not correct the error under the legislation the enforcement notice was invalid and was quashed.
Sufficient evidence was submitted to show, on the balance of probability, and in the absence of sufficient evidence to prove otherwise that a condition, which requires occupancy of a dwelling by a person solely or mainly employed, or last employed, in the locality in agriculture as defined in Section 290(i) of the Town and Country Planning Act, 1971 (including the dependants of such a person residing with him or her) or a widow or widower of such a person), had been breached continuously for a period in excess of ten years and is therefore immune from enforcement action. CLE issued.
An interesting case involving the use of multiple buildings. A CLE was granted for human habitation as "On the balance of probability, and in the absence of sufficient evidence to prove otherwise it is considered that the group of single storey buildings have been used for human habitation continuously for a period in excess of ten years and are therefore immune from enforcement action".
Planning permission and Listed Building consent granted for the repair and conversion of an old watermill into a residential dwellinghouse. The project included the rebuilding of the rear room and the roof to enable the repair of substantial timbers.
Appeals submitted to deal with the refusal of a Planning Authority to grant a Certificate of Lawfulness for a caravan in residential use, and the issue of an Enforcement Notice seeking to remove the caravan. The appeals were dealt with by way of a Planning Inquiry. A comprehensive case was made for the appellant with the result that the Certificate was issued and the Enforcement Notice quashed.
Planning permission granted for the alteration and conversion of an open fronted barn to form a dwellinghouse.
Applications for the rebuilding and change of use of these countryside barns were refused by the Local Authority because it considered that the proposal did not comply with Local Plan policies, and that the proposal caused harm to the Listed Building. The case was made that the development was, indeed, acceptable, and planning permission and Listed Building consent were granted for the works.
A smaller dormer had been approved on a terraced property in a Conservation Area but the structure, which had been built, was significantly larger, and the issue was the effect on the character and appearance of the house and area. Planning permission was granted on appeal for the retention of the dormer as built.
A barn was severely damaged in a storm and repaired over a number of years. Planning permission was granted for the retention of the barn, and for its use as a dwellinghouse.
Certificate of Lawfulness granted after evidence was provided to show that the annexe had been used as a separate dwellinghouse for more than 10 years.
A certificate of lawfulness was granted for a cabin after evidence was provided to demonstrate that it had been in use as a dwellinghouse for more than four years.
Planning and Listed Building consent granted for the rebuilding of a cottage destroyed in a fire.
Planning permission granted for a replacement dwelling in the countryside with innovative design and energy saving.
Planning permission granted for a new house in a conservation area where more strict planning policies, and a greater emphasis on exceptional design apply.
© Forester TPC Limited 2020


Luc Mbah a Moute (dislocated shoulder) has been upgraded to questionable for Sunday's Game 1 against the Jazz.
Mbah a Moute did some non-contact work at practice but was called doubtful just yesterday, so either he's feeling really good or the Rockets are being aggressive in their designations. He wasn't expected to be ready for the start of round two but was likely to return at some point during the conference semis after a reevaluation. Expect another update tomorrow morning, if not later today.


102 Parkdale, Johnstown, OH 43031 (MLS # 219001886) | Lorri Hughes Pritchard in Top 2% of realtors Nationwide!
You will FALL IN LOVE with this WELL MAINTAINED 4 bedroom 3.5 bath two-story home located in desirable Leafy Dell subdivision. This home features a welcoming entryway, formal dining room, SPACIOUS eat-in kitchen with moveable island, BRIGHT & AIRY great room , 2nd floor laundry, large master bedroom, FINISHED basement with FULL bath, and large deck for entertaining. Neutral decor throughout, with brand new carpet. Walking distance to the neighborhood elementary school. Nothing to do here but MOVE-IN and ENJOY!


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Contents 135
Tyler Brûlé is on the move again.
Stories from around the globe about how to beat the heat.
Architect Jun Aoki's favourite Shinkansen seat.
20 urban projects
What goes into a great metropolis? We find the answers.
Meet the mayors
The city leaders standing up to central governments.
Blueprint: neighbourhood
Our plan for the ideal city.
The top camper van brands and the first-timers behind the wheel.
Blueprint: camper van
Comfy seats and just enough space: here's our perfect camper.
Start-up kit
The goods to get your business into gear.
Neighbourhood shops
The stores that make a community.
Summer radio
Five DJs making the Mediterranean sing.
Blueprint: radio studio
Get set up and get on air.
Music: summer top 20
The tunes to play this season.
Auckland galleries
New Zealand's burgeoning art scene.
Mixed-use developments
Three residential complexes that foster close communities.
Blueprint: residential development
A home-for-all in the city.
Architecture: Sunshine Coast
How this Australian region built its own style.
Design briefing
A spin in a classic convertible and the latest furniture.
The Monocle Shop
It's time to embrace the season. Whether you're relaxing close to home this summer or exploring distant shores, we've put together an exclusive collection of smart clothing and handy accessories to ensure that you're always ready for the journey ahead.
City vineyards
We toast a new crop of urban vintners.
A spread of simple meals to try.
Blueprint: food market
No neighbourhood is complete without one.
Brands to watch and clothes to wear in the heat.
Blueprint: department store
How to perfect these storied haunts.
Menswear/Womenswear
The latest looks, shot in Zürich.
Self-sufficient cities: Piraeus
Why this Greek port has everything you need.
Self-sufficient cities: Kagoshima
Island life with all the trappings in Japan.
Self-sufficient cities: Palermo
You'll never need leave this Sicilian jewel.
At home with..
A journalist, architect and designers play the hosts.
Ace Hotel Kyoto
The hospitality brand's Kengo Kuma-designed opening.
City gardens
We meet the green-fingered in the urban jungle.
Self-sufficient cities / Palermo
Rough diamond
The creative residents of Sicily's delightfully unpolished capital have claimed their home town as a hub for art and design – and a haven for anyone looking to soak up the sun and sea.
Laura Rysman
James Mollison
Palermo is a place where the past remains visible – in the alcoves of palazzos containing candle-lit statues of the Virgin Mary and among farmers in horse-drawn carriages bringing their produce to market. In recent years tourist visits to the Sicilian capital have risen sharply but today, amid the sidewalk cafés, sandy beaches and piazzas, there's a feeling that – for this season at least – Palermo belongs to the Sicilians again.
Piero Onorato and Lidia Peritore at Le Stanza di Carta
Le Cattive
Windsurfer Guido Piacere
Set along a turquoise expanse of the Mediterranean, Mondello is the city's urban beach and perhaps the most idyllic in Europe: a curving strand between the verdant sugarloaf peaks of Monte Gallo and Monte Pellegrino. The Antico Stabilimento Balneare, a pastel-hued art nouveau-style beach club, is suspended above the water on stilts and recalls the glamour of this metropolitan seaside playground of the 1890s. Before that the area was swampland and the city itself little more than a fishing village.
"Some things will always remain the same here – the piazza, the sun, the beach," says Claudio Gulli, curator of the Palazzo Butera museum. "But now we're in a critical moment that has to produce some new ideas." The palazzo first opened to the public in 2018, a high point for Palermo: the city was that year's Italian capital of culture and hosted Manifesta, an itinerant six-month biennial of contemporary art, which attracted more than 200,000 visitors. The once-dilapidated Butera, an 18th-century baroque palazzo overlooking a seafront park, was revitalised as a permanent exhibition space for the impressive art collection of Francesca and Massimo Valsecchi, who privately funded the project with the sale of one of their Gerard Richter paintings. The museum will reopen in September with expanded galleries and new site-specific works by David Tremlett and Anne and Patrick Poirier. "Butera's project will change the cultural landscape of Palermo," says Gulli. "It's part of Palermo's continually transforming history that every generation has to reinterpret in its own way."
Pescaria di Cosimo at Ballarò market
Travel to Palermo was on the up before lockdown: it rose by nearly 20 per cent between 2016 and 2019, and the number of restaurants increased by more than 50 per cent in the eight years leading to 2019. "Palermo has been experiencing an incredible acceleration in tourism, real estate and interest since 2018" says Francesco Pantaleone, who founded his newly reopened namesake gallery – a reference point for art in Italy – in 2013 and not long ago expanded with a Milan outpost. "But now we've had a moment to reflect and to remember that our city can't thrive on bars and restaurants alone. Once again we've understood that artists ought to have a central role in guiding the culture because they are the ones who can give us a genuine sense of vision."
Palermo is a magnet for creatives seeking the freedom provided by low-cost urban living, with the added benefits of a balmy seaside climate. "Palermo is an outdoor city," says Emanuela Di Gaetano, who in 2012 founded architecture studio Didea along with three other newly minted architecture graduates. "We have the right weather for it, as well as centuries of this tradition of outdoor markets such as Ballarò and Vucciria, so all our projects have a dialogue between inside and outside." The studio's latest restaurant, Sobremesa, brings the outdoors in with a full wall of glass and a palm tree-lined courtyard. "We're very linked to our traditions here in Sicily but finally there's been a shift. Among the younger generation there's a turn towards a more contemporary style."
Pampered pooches
Mondello Beach
Palermo directory
eat: Gelateria Al Cassaro: A rare all-female operation in Palermo, this artisanal ice-cream shop serves flavours with fresh ingredients free from thickeners and preservatives.
eat: Bisso Bistrot: Housed in a former bookshop, Bisso Bistrot is one of a number of lively evening locales concentrated in the city centre and popular with the art crowd.
eat: Sobremesa: Designed by Palermo-based architecture studio Didea, this minimal restaurant serves exquisitely rendered dishes inspired by local traditions and made using ingredients sourced from small farms in the area.
Piazza Cassa di Risparmio 11
drink: Castigamatti Dischi e Bar: A top line-up of DJs play to a crowd who dance in the streets until late; there's a record shop and bar inside.
visit: Palazzo Butera: The contemporary-art collection of Francesco and Massimo Valsecchi is displayed in this groundbreaking institution, which in turn is housed in an 18th-century waterfront palazzo. Don't miss the sea-view restaurant and Le Cattive wine bar.
palazzobutera.it
visit: Zisa Cantieri Culturali: This sprawling campus of museums, galleries, a cinema and the popular Zac bar is located on a former art nouveau-style industrial park.
Via Paolo Gili 4
visit: Francesco Pantaleone Arte Contemporanea: Francesco Pantaleone's ambitious gallery has two sites: one in the heart of Palermo and another in the Porta Romana neighbourhood of Milan.
fpac.it


Pearl Jam is an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990.
Stone Gossard (rhythm guitar), Mike McCready (lead guitar), and Dave Krusen (drums).
including refusing to make music videos and engaging in a much-publicized boycott of Ticketmaster.


Virgin StartUp is the not-for-profit Virgin company for entrepreneurs. We provide advice, funding and mentoring to entrepreneurs across the UK looking to start or scale their business.
Virgin StartUp channel is new to VideoAmigo.
Select from the following topics where Virgin StartUp is classified.
A channel's spider chart is made up of 12 data points. This spider chart demonstrates how Virgin StartUp performs against each of the 12 data points. The teal line represents Virgin StartUp, and the black line represents the average performance for the 174 channels in the Starting/Running a Small Business topic.
View Growth: This channel's View Growth of 2.82% is 10.4% higher than the topic average of 2.55%. All activity starts with views. The more there are, the more opportunity there is to grow by engaging viewers.
What category is Virgin StartUp in?


It's an exciting day for Bondle and for our many customers. Today, we announced new features and enhancements that help make Bondle your ideal partner for professional client engagement. As always, if you'd like a personalized tour of Bondle, please contact us. Let's dive in and see what's new!
Milestones – You can break up your task list into groups, called Milestones. This makes tracking progress for major components of your process or workflow easier. For example, in the case of a mortgage application, a milestone could be "Collect all materials from applicant" with obtaining individual documents listed as tasks within the milestone.
Template Status – Each template can have a status of Draft, Published or Archived. Keep your Templates in Draft mode until you have fine tuned it and then Publish it when ready. Once Published, you cannot edit the underlying tasks. Only Published templates can be applied to a conversation. Finally, Archive a template if you don't need it anymore or you need to create a new version of the existing template.
Select an Assignee – Each task in a template can be assigned to someone for action. You can set a task to assign to the owner of the conversation automatically when the template is used, or you can leave tasks unassigned.
Activity feed – This digest provides you with a chronological view of all the activities that have happened in your conversations. You can click on individual conversation names to navigate through to the actual conversation.
Follow up conversations – This is the number of conversations that have been inactive for 30 days or more, and perhaps need you to follow up on them (or close them).
Pending Invitations – This is the number of invitations that you have sent out, but that have not yet been accepted.
Based on popular demand from our users, we've made several improvements to tasks in general.
Task Notes – You can now comment on individual tasks. Use this feature to elaborate on the task, ask for clarifications, negotiate due date, etc.
If you apply a template to a conversation, the corresponding milestones and tasks will be copied to the conversation.
The owner of the conversation can now Start and Stop a milestone.
Tasks within a milestone can be marked as being complete only if the milestone has been actually been started.
You can reopen a milestone once it has been closed, should you need to make changes to some of the underlying tasks.
New tasks can be added either within or outside the milestone, even if you used a template to create the task and milestone list in the first place.
Last but not least, conversations that are no longer active can be marked as Closed. This ensures there are no more changes to the conversation. However, all participants of the closed conversation can continue to access all the associated elements, including documents, audit history, etc. Closed conversations can be viewed in the new tab, marked "Closed." The conversation owner can reopen a conversation at any time.
If you use Bondle already, you know that it's a great way to organize your client relationships. With the enhancements we just launched, we're confident that your team will become even more effective. Please log in and try the new features. And please contact us to give us your feedback – we'd love to hear what you think of Bondle! Thank you for your support!


Next month's Star Wars #1 variant covers are plentiful, reportedly helping push total retailer orders for the Marvel Comics relaunch over the 1 million mark , but whatever the final figure, it likely just got raised by another 10k.
According to Diamond, the image was staged on a scaled thrown room set, and was not computer enhanced, meaning all of the individual Stormtrooper figures were during he photo shoot and were not Photoshopped in later.
Comic books retailers can place orders for copies now through December 15. Check out the image by clicking on either thumb or if you really want to check out the detail, click on this supersized version.


Moisturize your skin and soften rough hairs with this long lasting formula to keep your beard feeling soft and smelling manly.
Our beard cream will help you maintain a smooth, non-greasy look to enhance and condition those unruly facial locks. Perfect for the man who wants some taming strength while still riding natural.


Another great TED Talk lesson!
Here's another listening practice to use with students that's fun and educational. Using music is a great way to learn not only new words but idioms and pop culture references. Have students watch or listen to the song and fill in the blanks while they listen. If you want, students can listen to the song … Continue reading Music Mondays!


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UK: Thousands take to London streets in pro-EU protest
Thousands of mostly young protesters march in London against the UK's referendum to leave the European Union.
Thousands have protested in London against British voters' decision last week to leave the European Union, which has left the country deeply polarised.
Sadiq Khan: 'Leave' camp must explain rising xenophobia - UpFront
Most protesters who gathered on Saturday were young adults, and many were draped in EU flags, while others waved banners in support of continued British membership in the bloc.
Marching through the Westminster political district, they chanted: "What do we want to do? Stay in the EU."
"I was genuinely stunned on the morning after the vote," Nathaniel Samson, a 25-year-old marcher from Hertfordshire, north of London, told the Reuters news agency.
"I feel deeply uncertain about my future," he added. "I'm on the march to voice my discontentment. I am accepting the result, but it's to show that we won't accept it quietly."
London voted 60 percent in favour of remaining in the EU in last Thursday's referendum, with younger voters widely backing staying in the bloc, but 52 percent of Britons overall cast ballots in support of leaving.
Al Jazeera's Barnaby Phillips, reporting from London, said "some people are calling for a second referendum at such a time in the future", while others say "there should be a general election later this year".
READ MORE: Beyond Brexit - The consequences of Britain's great exit
Although parliament has the final say on the exit, our correspondent said that Britain "would enter very uncharted and potentially unstable territory" if the referendum's results were not respected.
The vote to leave has prompted a battle within the ruling Conservative party over the successor of Prime Minister David Cameron who said he would resign following the referendum's result.
The campaign to leave the EU promised to halt immigration, blaming much of the country's economic woes on foreigners coming to live in the UK.
Following the referendum, the UK saw an increase in racist attacks targeting Muslims, Southeast Asians, Poles and Romanians, among others.
Speaking to Al Jazeera's UpFront, London mayor Sadiq Khan said: "Those responsible for orchestrating [the Leave] campaign need to now explain this rise in racial violence, this rise in racial abuse [and] this rise in racial tension.
Opposition divided
The main opposition Labour Party has also turned on itself, with most of its members in parliament having voted to withdraw support for leader Jeremy Corbyn after what they saw as his lacklustre contribution to the referendum campaign.
Dozens have resigned en masse from Labour's leadership bench.
Britain's opposition Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn poses with supporters at an anti-racism rally on Saturday [Neil Hall/Reuters]
"Corbyn didn't make a convincing case for remaining in the EU, and he deserves some of the blame for that," Oz Katerji, a journalist and political analyst, told Al Jazeera by telephone.
There has been speculation that a number of Labour MPs, among them Angela Eagle, may challenge his leadership - but Corbyn remains adamant that he will not step down following a vote of no confidence by MPs.
READ MORE: Brexit rhetoric and the consequences of 'Project Fear'
The Labour leader still enjoys widespread support among party members and supporters.
A majority of new Labour members who have joined since May 2015 disapprove of Labour MPs' efforts to oust Corbyn.
At least 55 percent of new members support deselecting Labour MPs who consistently challenge the leadership, according to a new study by academics from the Queen Mary University of London and Sussex University.
At least 60,000 people have joined Labour in the past week amid the ongoing attempts to oust Corbyn, reported The Independent.
A new survey conducted by the YouGov polling group found that there is not enough support for Corbyn's challengers to topple him.
Inside Story - How divided is the UK post-Brexit vote?