Germany's Green Party is redundant, thanks to Angela Merkel's eco-conservatism.
The most boring and content-free election campaign ever will come to an end on Sunday when Germans vote for the new Bundestag. There is little doubt that the leader of the conservative Christian Democrats (CDU), Angela Merkel, will be elected to run Germany for the next four years, with either the liberal Free Democrats (FDP) or the Social Democrats (SPD) as the CDU's junior coalition partner; both have already played that role in the past.
One of the few remaining interesting questions is over the apparent end of the green hype, two-and-a-half years after the Fukushima nuclear accident, which led the German government to reject nuclear power. However, the sudden decline in popular support for the Green Party only indicates that green ideas are so mainstream now that a political party to represent them is increasingly redundant.
How times change. For months, nearly everyone wondered how the German greens were able to sustain their high levels of support given the fact that preserving the climate and shutting down nuclear-power plants are no longer merely the wet dreams of youthful green activists, but policies dictated from the Federal chancellery. But suddenly, that miraculous green support seems to have crumbled, with opinion polls suggesting that only 10 per cent of voters will back the party, down from more than 25 per cent in the aftermath of Fukushima.
Part of the problem is that the greens haven't run a particularly smart election campaign. For example, the party has pushed for tax increases and made 'friendly suggestions' like not eating meat once a week to save the cows and the climate. Such suggestions didn't exactly inspire public enthusiasm. Nor did revelations about the morally questionable views on paedophilia voiced by high-ranking green politicians back in the early Eighties. These developments not only mobilised liberal and anti-environmentalist activists to campaign on Facebook against green authoritarianism and hypocrisy, they also prompted newspaper journalists to publish articles about the green party's sudden agony.
There's a touch of schadenfreude about watching the halt of the greens' apparently unstoppable march. There is certainly no substantial criticism of green policies. If there were any serious criticisms of green politics, they would have focused on the conservative government of Angela Merkel, which in recent years has appeared to be greener than any other party in the country. But instead of attacking the Christian Democrats for abandoning their traditional electorate, conservative commentators plunged into extremely superficial 'anti-68′ rhetoric, trying to distance themselves morally and in terms of lifestyle from the Green Party. In truth, on the basis of their political programmes, the greens would seem to be the natural partner to Merkel's eco-conservatism.
As a long-term critic of green politics, I might be expected to be delighted at the current spate of green-bashing. It's certainly a good thing that articles in widely read publications are presenting green politics as not just backward-looking, but as illiberal, paternalistic and authoritarian, too.
But the greens' woes are somewhat academic today. The greens have no monopoly on authoritarian eco-politics. And while CDU politicians put much effort into artificially dreaming up an ideological gap between themselves and green bureaucrats, they are only too prepared to take on board green ideas. They have been doing that for years – and very successfully managed to modernise the conservative party in the process. The real and only historical mission the Green Party ever had was to reconcile people morally with an economic and political system that could deliver neither intellectual nor material progress. And the party was incredibly successful in fulfilling this mission: scepticism towards technology, fear of growth and opposition to progress are deeply rooted in the German conscience, paving the way to rebrand economic and political stagnation as 'sustainability' and 'responsibility for future generations'.
Despite the attacks on the Green Party now, the most powerful and the most dangerous German greens have never been members of the Green Party and they have never voted for them either.
The public excitement about the declining support for the Greens, leaving them with only nine or 10 per cent support in the opinion polls, indicates how strongly the public misunderstands the core content of green thinking – even more than 30 years after the foundation of the party Die Grünen in 1980. Right from the start, the centrepieces of green ideology were mistrust of the human capacity for reason and freedom alongside scepticism towards man-made technology and science and an assault on the enlightening principle of modernity to develop and cultivate the world in the interests of humanity. Combined with irrational fears of a looming apocalypse, the green consensus provided an ideal base of operation for both uprooted radical left-wing anti-capitalists and right-wing anti-modernists. Their failing worldviews collapsed into an even grimmer one, which was then to become the green consensus: equating nature with culture, putting animal interests over human interests and promoting the uncontrollable power of 'the planet' to undermine the human ambition to improve life on earth.
Whenever in the past 30 years catastrophes or natural disasters could somehow be used to irrationally promote radical ecological changes or a green reversal of social progress, public recognition of and support for the Green Party rose. However, these tendencies got smaller in the early twenty-first century. In 2011, it needed an earthquake, a tsunami and a nuclear accident in Japan to rejuvenate and revitalise the German Green Party, which at that time was more or less dying. And as green thinking was already deeply rooted into German politics of all colours, this revitalising green shock had stronger consequences than in the past: the Japanese tsunami not only put an end to the German nuclear industry (apparently the most modern, the most efficient and the safest in the world), it also took the Green Party to unexpected electoral success with more than 25 per cent of popular support. This political tsunami even washed Winfried Kretschmann, a former Maoist turned green, into power and made him the first ever green prime minister in Baden-Württemberg, the heartland of the German car industry.
The moral floods of 2011 have slowly receded and so has the 'natural' growth of green support. However, the new realities are not anti-green. Instead, Germany 2013 is so green that more and more Germans might wonder if there is any point to the Green Party anymore. The liberal-conservative cheering about the declining support for the greens is naive and unworldly. It would be much more useful to try to provide a broad and stable political platform for all the spontaneously voiced annoyance and anger with the current politics of paternalism and fear.
The strongest case against paternalism and authoritarianism of all political colours would be a radically humanist, pro-freedom and pro-enlightenment argument. Unfortunately, Germans won't have that choice on Sunday.
Matthias Heitmann is an independent publicist and public speaker. Visit his website here. This article was originally published on the website of the German monthly Cicero.


text:
Q: How does management IP of Router get assigned? When I try to access router's GUI, it is very common to go to 192.168.1.1. The term for this is management ip address. My questions are

*

*If router is in bridge mode, what happen to this IP Address?

*If router is not in bridge mode, and is behaving as DHCP client, will this IP be automatically change?

*Router have interfaces, is this IP address map to one of the interfaces? If so, how does the router decide which interface it will use as its management ip address?

A: When you have a new router, the factory preset gives the router a means to access this router. Although it is fairly common to be 192.168.0.1, there are other possibilities too. The router often comes with a sticker that tells you what the default address is and it is also mentioned in the manual that came with the router.
If you no longer have the manual, you can search for that on the internet too.
Some routers add a DNS entry to allow you to access the router that way, such as http://myrouter to connect to your router instead of using the ip address, but it has an ipaddress nevertheless.
Once you are in the router, you can change the ipaddress. Although you can make this any ip address you want, if you misconfigure this, it is likely that you will lose access to the router and it may also be impossible to reach the router in any way. A reset to factory defaults is then the only way to get back into the router, but also, you will then need to reprogram your router.
By default, most routers will setup a DHCP server for you. This means that any device connected to the router, will automatically get an ipaddress in its range. Although you could therefor setup 123.45.67.89 as the ip address of the router, and make the DHCP server setup other ip addresses in the range of 123.45.67.0-123.45.67.88, it is a really bad idea to do this.
Given that it has been established that LAN networks should be in either 10.x.x.x , 172.x.x.x, 169.254.x.x or 192.168.x.x. Any other range will overlap with what's available on the internet and will cause you to not be able to access some online services as ip addresses overlap. You request a website, the ipaddress appears to be in the range of your lan, and instead of your request going out into the internet, your router keeps it inside your network, and you get a page not found, or similar error.
Note, I mentioned 169.254.x.x range too. This range is reserved for when no DHCP server is in the network to work with a cross-over lan cable. You should not setup your network to be in this range either, but it is a range dedicated for LAN networks, so I had to mention it.
When you configure your router, you usually give it a static ip address, but some devices allow for its ip address to be asigned by a DHCP server, although I have not seen consumer routers that offer this function. In the case of this being utilized, these devices usually have another means to access the device, such as a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) such as http://myrouter or a program that will find any of its devices automatically in range of your network.
A router in bridge mode does not change. All it does is forward everything from the WAN port to the first LAN port. This is usually the case for modem/router combinations.
It is up to the device if it changes its ip address upon being in bridge mode.

A: I'll answer this question as it applies to standards and best practice considering the fact that some networking devices don't follow standards and are buggy.
Generally routers will have configuration applied to each interface. That is the LAN interface (switch or virtual interface across several switches) and the WAN interface (usually one port).
The LAN interface is usually configured with a static ip and subnet and the WAN interface is configured with either a DHCP client where the modem device provides a DHCP server or a bridge protocol like PPPoE or just PPP. This means the modem is not providing any routing function. (note this includes routers with built in DSL modems where using PPP would mean the WAN side of the router would not provide any routing function as well as the combination of a routing device that is connected over Ethernet to a modem which would use PPPoE).
So given your questions if the router/modem is in bridged mode meaning it uses one of those two protocols PPP or PPPoE then nothing happens to the LAN side IP address unless the LAN side IP address is not static and is delegated by the WAN side ip address. IPv6 addresses may use delegated prefixes for example. IPv4 may use a subnet of the wan IP for example.
To your second question on most routers on ipv4 no they will not unless they are using a subnet of the WAN (almost no home router will even have an option for this). On IPv6 yes and no. On IPv6 ULA prefixed addresses will not change while delegated addresses will. Depending on your router clients might get both types of addresses. It's also possible the delegated addresses are not based on the ISP or WAN side address.
To your last question: If the WAN is a DHCP client its set to the address the ISP gives. Further if your router is configured to delegate its addresses then it will use a subset of the ISPs address or a delegated prefix on IPv6. When the WAN side is bridged there is no set IP address on the interface so there's nothing to delegate no matter how the LAN side is configured.

A: I assume, that by "router" you mean the more-or-less standard consumer-grade devices that are commonly used in households for ADSL or cable access.
It is important to understand the difference between the outside-world and the inside-world. In the outside world, the IP addresses are global. In the inside world, your IP addresses are local (typically 192.168.x.x). The router sits in between. You can see the outside-address if your router be browsing to one of the "what's my IP"-sites. You will see that this address differs from the address that you get with ifconfig (Linux, unix etc.) or ipconfig (Windows) on your host.
When you put your router in bridge-mode, the distinction between the inside and outside disappears. So your inside gets connected to the outside and you will need to use the outside IP address on your PC/tablet/etc.
If the router behaves as a DHCP client, it is in general for the outside world, not for the inside. It means that your router gets its IP address from your Internet provider over DHCP. This is the address you see on the "what's my IP" sites.
As for the interfaces on the router, you need to understand that these devices are in fact a router+switch. In general, the router is between the "WAN"-port and the switch, and all the LAN-ports are on the switch. In your case, the 192.168.1.1 lives on the LAN-side of the router (which is on the same switch as the LAN-ports), but the address is not the address of one of the switch-ports.
In a default set-up, the router-address on the LAN-side would be 192.168.1.1. This address is only reachable from the LAN-side. The WAN-side would be a DHCP-address that the ISP provides.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
We strive to make CU's workforce stronger, healthier and more secure. That's why we offer a comprehensive benefits package to support your health, wellness and retirement goals. Learn more about our benefits.
CU Careers: Find yours today
The University of Colorado's four campuses succeed in transforming Colorado's communities and the nation through the efforts of an amazingly diverse workforce. With more than 3,000 CU job opportunities opening at CU every year, you just might find one that's perfect for you. Start searching today
The University of Colorado's high performing faculty and staff drive the university's achievement and impact on Colorado, the nation and the world. See what they have to say about working at CU.
Learn About Our Campuses
Learn about each of our campuses and browse the latest job openings.
In many ways, the CU Boulder campus is a city of its own. Our 31,000-plus students learn, live, work and play on our stunning flagship campus nestled at the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Our positions meet the academic, research, student-life, and administrative needs of our campus and community.
Explore CU Boulder Jobs
UCCS is one of the fastest growing U.S. universities. In the shadow of Pikes Peak in Colorado Springs, UCCS is home to nearly 11,000 students and more than 1,000 employees. Annually, UCCS students, faculty and staff generate $30 million in state and local taxes, demonstrating the economic importance of all CU campuses.
To date, UCCS offers 37 bachelor's degrees, 19 masters and 5 doctoral programs. It is ranked 10th among Western regional public universities and 5th nationally for public undergraduate engineering. It is also a top ranked military friendly university.
Find out more about UCCS
Find UCCS Openings
Search all CU Careers openings
Educating more than 14,000 students on our comprehensive campus in downtown Denver, the campus is a major force in the Denver community. With projects such as Boots to Suits supporting veterans transitioning to new careers, and the Learning Landscapes program that helped transform all 97 Denver Public Schools elementary school playgrounds, the community impact is unprecedented.
Learn about CU Denver
Find CU Denver Openings
A state-of-the-art medical center, CU Anschutz Medical Campus is globally recognized for its research, teaching and clinical programs in medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, public health, physical therapy and nursing. As the largest academic health care center in the Rocky Mountain region, CU Anschutz is leading the way in education, research and patient care.
In total, there are 19,000 employees on the medical campus and 1.5 million patient visits annually. The impact in the region is large, with more than $2.6 billion in total campus direct expenditures. Not only does CU Anschutz have a large economic impact, but students and faculty are constantly innovating. Since 2002, 1,300 patent applications have been filed and 53 new companies formed from campus research.
Learn about CU Anschutz
Search for CU Anschutz openings
University of Colorado's System Administration consists of 21 units that serve the entire CU system. Led by CU President Bruce Benson, these units provide critical support services to CU's campuses in Aurora, Boulder, Colorado Springs and Denver. This includes everything from Academic Affairs and Employee Services to CU's legal team to University Advancement. Nearly 600 CU employees are based in the System Office.
Learn about CU System
Find CU System openings
Campus Developments & Achievements
CU Denver makes $802M economic impact on Colorado annually, campus officials say
The University contributes through research, student spending, construction and teaching on all four CU...
CU Engineering: New name, new vision, new building
Learn how CU Denver plans to inspire and develop a new generation of engineering students.
CU Denver looks to capitalize on its place in the city with revamped engineering college
After creating an engineering school in Singapore from the ground up, Martin Dunn is working to breathe new...
A Unique Bio-Factory is Making Living Cells at the University of Colorado
Read about the "bench to bedside" manufacturing process at the CU School of Medicine. "We...
Ent Center director works to raise profile of 'very robust' arts scene in Colorado Springs
Aisha Ahmad-Post had a clear and ambitious goal: to become the principal bassist for the New York...
Jake Jabs gave CU Denver $12 million and the school is building an event center that will bear his name
American Furniture Warehouse founder and CEO's event center will house auditoriums, classrooms and...
CU South Denver names new vice chancellor
Scot Chadwick, executive director of the CU Denver Office of Digital Education, will lead the college.
Grants given to restore, preserve Japanese-American internment camps
CU Denver's Center of Preservation Research was given $37,000 grant to help restore Camp Amache.
UCCS opens new downtown campus to better conect students with the community
A new building in downtown Colorado Springs integrates UCCS with the city and community.
CU sets record for sponsored research funding, for second year in a row
In the second record-breaking year in a row, CU received more than $1 billion in research funding.
Fitzsimons Innovation Community turns CU Anschutz Medical Campus into thriving biotech hub
The biosciences facility opened in 2000, has about 70 companies with 750 employees and $800 million in grants.
Anschutz Foundation pledges $120M gift to University of Colorado medical campus
CU Anschutz announced a $120 million gift that will help them recruit more physicians and scientists.
CU Anschutz awarded $8 million for end-of-life and palliative care
The National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR) awarded CU Anschutz $8 million towards expanding research.
CU Denver's new Wellness Center creates student sanctuary in downtown campus expansion
This $42 million complex is dedicated to the well-being of students as a downtown sanctuary.
Check out CU Denver's new Student Wellness Center
The new recreation facility includes a swimming pool, climbing wall, workout areas and more.
UCCS expanding to downtown Colorado Springs with satellite location
UCCS Downtown will launch Sept. 1 in the heart of Colorado Springs.
See how CU system ranks for utility patents received in 2017
CU System ranks No.52 in the world among universities granted 2017 utility patents.
CU Researcher Developing Game Changing Diabetes Drug
David Wagner and his team at CU School of medicine have developed a drug to help with Type 1 diabetes.
CU Boulder cell biologist's lab lands prestigious $8M award
Gia Voeltz, a CU Boulder professor, was granted $8 million towards cell structure research.
UCHealth identified by IBM Watson as one of nation's top health systems
UCHealth has been identified as one of the five top-performing health systems in the U.S.
See what our faculty and staff have to say about working for CU.
Billy Mertens
Billy Mertens enjoys the brilliant, inclusive Economics faculty and pushing students to be their best.
Department of Health Systems
Gregory Tung loves the opportunities to build his program and entrepreneurial spirit of CU Anschutz faculty.
Paul Harvey, Ph.D.
After spending 24 years at CU, he's noticed CU Colorado Springs students and faculty members stand out compared to other universities.
Min Choi
Min Choi thrives on the collaborative nature at CU Denver.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Silkroad 4.0. Travel Meets Smart Tech.
Welcome to Silkroad 4.0, a European initiative where Adventure meets Technology.
We want to spread our passion for Adventure traveling, technology & for bringing people together. While doing this, we will broadcast how European Technology impacts a long distance motorcycle adventure. Along our way, we also meet experts and promote an online directory of specialists where they can share insights.
The next expedition is already in the planning! Follow our social media channels to learn more!
your Technology within an Adventure.
Expand your Alliances across Europe and Asia.
We are moving fast, join us day by day!


Trinity's residential course for young women considering studying science, technology, engineering, maths or medicine (STEMM) at leading universities is oversubscribed and the College has pledged to make the event annual.
On 29 August, 40 women from around the UK will arrive at Trinity for a series of taster lectures at Trinity and the Cavendish Laboratory, tours of the Sainsbury Laboratory and Cambridge Observatory, as well as a women in science film night.
The free three-day course, designed and led by Trinity Fellow, Professor Valerie Gibson, will provide an overview of studying STEMM at university, an insight into Cambridge and College life, and the range of career options available.
'Cambridge is a fantastic place to study the STEMM subjects, especially with the range of subjects available in Natural Science and Engineering. However, we need to do more to attract the brightest women who, given the opportunity, could ultimately have the most rewarding career in science.
Joining Professor Gibson on Trinity's STEMM residential this month will be Professor Judith Driscoll, Dr Yvette Perrott, Professor Marian Holness and Dr Joan Lasenby, all Fellows of the College.
This is Trinity's first event aimed at women interested in STEMM subjects. Given its popularity and the need to encourage and enable more women to pursue science at university and in their careers, the College will make this an annual event.
We have to expose girls early (years 7-8) to the excitement of science and the career possibilities. We could also provide potential students with help and material that will prepare them for the transition between school and university, for example the Isaac Physics project.


Now, I sort of understand how Michelangelo felt when he finished carving his epic marble statue of Moses. His first thought upon putting down his chisel was probably very similar to mine, "Boy, that was a heck of a lot more work then I thought it was going to be." Of course he said it in Italian. Then he probably turned to his apprentice and said, "Let's go get some gelato to celebrate finishing up Moses." Of course, he said that in Italian also.
With this new website and blog it will be so easy for me to update my class page, add new paintings and remove old ones. It should also be much easier for you to leave me a comment on my posts. I appreciate hearing your thoughts on the artwork, ideas and ruminations I post on my blog.
To give you just a little bit of motivation to leave me comments on my posts, I am going to give one Anywhere Art tote bag (with some useful art supplies inside) per week to a person who has left a comment on my blog. I am going to put your name into a hat every time you leave a comment and have one of the beagles pull out the lucky winner each week. I have 4 goodie tote bags for you to win over the next 4 weeks starting right now!
Since the website is new, its going to be added to and embellished. It would help me a lot if when you comment you told me what you would like to see on my website and what would be helpful posts for you to read on my blog.
Now I am off to get a gelato.


text:
Difference between revisions of "Chance News 27"
Gavinj (talk | contribs)
m (→Further reading)

I could prove God statistically. Take the human body alone - the chances that all the functions of an individual would just happen is a statistical monstrosity.

George Gallup

This is from an interesting article about the life of George Gallup: "The Human Yardstick", Williston Rich, Saturday Evening Post January 21,1939, p. 71. The article ends with:
 His greatest delution is that he can forecast the stock market. His greatest fear, that a competitor will enter his field and be dishonest with the figures. His greatest devotion, to his family, his home and his church. He says, "I could prove God statistically--.

This is from an interesting article about the life of George Gallup: "The Human Yardstick", Williston Rich, Saturday Evening Post January 21,1939, p. 71. The article ends with:
 His greatest delusion is that he can forecast the stock market. His greatest fear, that a competitor will enter his field and be dishonest with the figures. His greatest devotion, to his family, his home and his church. He says, "I could prove God statistically--.

I'm not sure if this is a "Forsooth" but at the minimum, it is an example of a poorly written survey question. The Kansas City Star newspaper has a [http://www.kansascity.com/potter/ poll] on its website asking people their opinions about the Harry Potter series of books. The first question asks "Is Snape good or bad?" and offers the choices "Yes" or "No". As of June 7, there were 33 (29%) votes for "No".
Steve Simon provided the following Forsooth:

I'm not sure if this is a "Forsooth" but at the minimum, it is an example of a poorly written survey question. The Kansas City Star newspaper has a [http://www.kansascity.com/potter/ poll] on its website asking people their opinions about the Harry Potter series of books. The first question asks for an assessment of Severus Snape, one of the main characters in the Harry Potter series. This question is worded "Is Snape good or bad?" and offers the choices "Yes" or "No". As of June 7, there were 33 (29%) votes for "No".

which means that you cannot use, without written permission,
that particular 30-digit integer (in base 10)
and several million other unknown keys that they apparently are claiming ownership of.
and several million other unknown keys that they apparently are also claiming ownership of.
Not only that, but the numbers in question were chosen randomly so there
is no simple way of knowing if your random choice conflicts with theirs,
===Questions===
* Today, Americans are between two and six centimeters shorter than the Dutch but in the mid-19th centaury the reverse was the case. How reliable do you think data from 150 years is, in this case? What questions might you ask to ensure that any comparisons between cross sectional studies, over such a long period of time, are fair? How large do you think the samples sizes might have to be to justify such claims?
* Today, Americans are between two and six centimeters shorter than the Dutch but in the mid-19th centaury the reverse was the case. How reliable do you think data from 150 years ago is, in this case? What questions might you ask to ensure that any comparisons between cross sectional studies, over such a long period of time, are fair? How large do you think the samples sizes might have to be to justify such claims?
* The authors claim an association between height and health but also mention an association between health and life expectancy. Height is easy to measure and fixed (between ages 20-50) but life expectancy appears not to be. Is it plausible to speculate on what average height might tell us about average life expectancy? Might it be easier for health educators and policy makers to focus on height as a simpler and more transparent measure of health than life expectancy?
* The authors claim an association between height and health but also mention an association between health and life expectancy. Height is easy to measure and fixed (between ages 20-50) but life expectancy appears not to be. Is it plausible to speculate about what average height might tell us about average life expectancy? Might it be easier for health educators and policy makers to focus on height as a simpler and more transparent measure of health than life expectancy?
* Similar to the previous question, there is a negative correlation between population height and population illiteracy and population height and income inequality. Would height serve as a good proxy for the overall well-being of a population? If so, why aren't trends in population height used by policy makers more often?
* Other factors that might influence the relation between height and health, such as nutritional intake, incidence of disease and availability of medical services, were not felt to be material in developed countries. Why might this be? Might these factors have been more relevant in the past? How difficult do you think it would be to reliably extract such measures from historical data?
===Further reading===
* [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2007.00458.x Underperformance in Affluence: The Remarkable Relative Decline in U.S. Heights in the Second Half of the 20th Century,] Komlos, Benjamin E. Lauderdale (2007), Social Science Quarterly 88 (2), 283–305 (another [http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00001241/ link to the pdf).] This new study published in the current issue of the Social Science Quarterly by researchers from Princeton University in the US and the University of Munich in Germany indicates that the difference may have to do more with politics than biology.
* [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2007.00458.x Underperformance in Affluence: The Remarkable Relative Decline in U.S. Heights in the Second Half of the 20th Century,] Komlos, Benjamin E. Lauderdale (2007), Social Science Quarterly 88 (2), 283–305 (another [http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00001241/ link to the pdf).] This new study published in the current issue of the Social Science Quarterly by researchers from Princeton University in the US and the University of Munich in Germany indicates that the difference may have to do more with politics than biology.
* [http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,439766,00.html America's Middle Class Has Become Globalization's Loser,] Gabor Steingart, Speigel International, 24 Oct 2006 - excerpted from the German best-seller World War for Wealth: The Global Grab for Power and Prosperity by Speigel editor Gabor Steingart.
* [http://www.spiegel.de/international/0,1518,439766,00.html America's Middle Class Has Become Globalization's Loser,] Gabor Steingart, Speigel International, 24 Oct 2006 - excerpted from the German best-seller World War for Wealth: The Global Grab for Power and Prosperity by Speigel editor Gabor Steingart.
* [http://www-cpr.maxwell.syr.edu/faculty/smeeding/pdf/JEP%20V5_2006.pdf Poor People in Rich Nations: The United States in Comparative Perspective,] Timothy Smeeding, Syracuse University.
* [http://www-cpr.maxwell.syr.edu/faculty/smeeding/pdf/JEP%20V5_2006.pdf Poor People in Rich Nations: The United States in Comparative Perspective,] Timothy Smeeding, Syracuse University.
* [http://technorati.com/search/http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/0,1518,484168,00.html?partnerid=160 Blogs discussing this story,] via Technorati.
* An article by the Wall Street Journal's The Numbers Guy on [http://blogs.wsj.com/numbersguy/does-the-us-lead-in-life-expectancy-223/ life expectancy.]
* If you have trouble with the link above, try searching for [http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&q=%22powers+of+ten%22+video&meta= Powers of Ten.]
* I found the original link at [http://www.specialten.tv/index.php specialten.tv] - wait for the page to load, then click on the link labeled Top Ten, in the top left of the page, to get a drop down list, then click on Powers of ten, which is fifth on the list.
* [http://www.nigelholmes.com/motion/index.htm# This film] by graphic designer [http://www.nigelholmes.com Nigel Holmes] describes the relative sizes of the US surplus and debt, again using the ability to zoom out to illustrate numbers that differ by orders of magnitude.
The scoop on data visualization, Statistical Computing and Graphics Newsletter, June 2007.

[[Image:AidsChart.BIG.gif|frame|right|AIDS Chart is a map for print comparing Adult HIV prevalence rate and money. Size of the bubbles are number of people living with HIV. Source [http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/handouts/world-hiv-chart.html Gapminder,] 2004.]]
[[Image:AidsChart.BIG.gif|frame|right|AIDS Chart is a map for printing, comparing Adult HIV prevalence rate against money. The sizes of the bubbles are the number of people living with HIV. Source [http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/handouts/world-hiv-chart.html Gapminder,] 2004.]]
Another video article.
This video shows a 20 minute lecture by
The image on the right shows a snapshot that is typical of the dynamic images discussed in the video.
To quote from the [http://www.ted.com TED website:]
You've never seen data presented like this.
Rosling argeus that The West's view of the third world is based on
Rosling argues that The West's view of the third world is based on
ill-informed and preconceived notions that different radically from the reality
ill-informed and preconceived notions that differ radically from the reality
and that these misconceptions result in weak policy decisions.
and that such misconceptions result in weak policy decisions.
The speaker asserts that
we have generally underestimated the social change in Asia, over the last forth years,
we have generally underestimated the social change in Asia, over the last forty years,
and that such social change is a prerequisite for economic change.
He also claims that the concept of a developing country is flawed
* The speaker is not a statistician. Would you have recognized this before watching the video? His graphics do not emphasize the underlying analysis, does this matter? Do you think the validity of the figures from so many different countries over so many years is credible? Would it affect the overall conclusions from his talk? Do you know where to go to track down some comparable figures? Would you have guessed that there is over a terabyte of public data on national and international statistics, from sources such as the UN, national statistics offices, NGOs, Amnesty and others.
* The speaker is not a statistician. Would you have recognized this before watching the video? His graphics do not emphasize the underlying analysis, does this matter? Do you think the validity of the figures from so many different countries over so many years is credible? Would it affect the overall conclusions from his talk? Do you know where to go to track down some comparable figures? Would you have guessed that there is over a terabyte of public data on national and international statistics, from sources such as the UN, national statistics offices, NGOs, Amnesty and others?
* The speaker claims you can move much faster if you're healthy first than if you're wealthy first. Does the material in his presentation support this assertion? What further details would you like to see?
* Can you find other similar statistical talks on the [http://www.ted.com TED website,] inspired talks by the world's greatest thinkers and doers or elsewhere? What is your current top choice?
* Source - [http://www.amstat-online.org/sections/graphics/newsletter/Volumes/v181.pdf The scoop on data visualization, Statistical Computing and Graphics Newsletter,] page 11, June 2007.
* Source - [http://www.amstat-online.org/sections/graphics/newsletter/Volumes/v181.pdf The scoop on data visualization,] Statistical Computing and Graphics Newsletter, page 11, June 2007.
** This source also highlighted what statistical offices of several countries are doing [http://www.oecd.org/document/12/0,2340,en_21571361_31938349_37725196_1_1_1_1,00.html to improve statistical literacy] and interest in data by citizens by using many different kinds animation software.
** This source also highlighted what the national statistical offices of several countries are doing [http://www.oecd.org/document/12/0,2340,en_21571361_31938349_37725196_1_1_1_1,00.html to improve statistical literacy] and interest in their national statistics data by their citizens, using many different kinds of animation software.
* [http://tools.google.com/gapminder This link] allows you to interactively play with the data in the video.
** Note that Flash is typically required so you may need to install the latest version etc.
** [http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/handouts/ This handouts page] offers several pdf with colorful graphs that can be printed out as posters.
** [http://www.gapminder.org/downloads/handouts/ This handouts page] offers several pdfs with colorful graphs that can be printed out as posters.
*** For example, you can click on [http://www.gapminder.org/GapminderMedia/GapPDFs/AIDSchart2004/World_HIV_Chart_2004.pdf this AIDS chart] to get the chart.
*** For example, you can click on [http://www.gapminder.org/GapminderMedia/GapPDFs/AIDSchart2004/World_HIV_Chart_2004.pdf this AIDS chart] to get the underlying image.
* There is a 200mb high quality version of the video, if you have the bandwidth.
** There is a 200mb high quality version of the video, if you have the bandwidth.
* Here is [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7996617766640098677 another presentation] from Gapminder.
** Rosling recently edited [http://www.amazon.co.uk/Global-Health-Introductory-Hans-Rosling/dp/9144021984/sr=1-1/qid=1169841197/ref=sr_1_1/202-0584686-1243010?ie=UTF8&s=books Global Health: An Introductory Textbook,] 2006.
** Rosling recently edited [http://www.amazon.co.uk/Global-Health-Introductory-Hans-Rosling/dp/9144021984/sr=1-1/qid=1169841197/ref=sr_1_1/202-0584686-1243010?ie=UTF8&s=books Global Health: An Introductory Textbook,] 2006.
* Rosling has a few claims to fame, in addition to his software,
** He ended this talk by swallowing a sword, literally.
*** He is one of the few sword-swallowers active in Sweden.
** He discovered the paralytic disease [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konzo Konzo,] which earned him a PhD.
** In 2005, he co-founded the non-profit [http://www.gapminder.org/ Gapminder] Foundation, which developed the [http://tools.google.com/gapminder Trendalyzer software] whose aim is to promote a fact based world view through increase use, understanding and visualization of freely accessible public international statistics. The interactive Flash animations are freely available from the Foundation's website.
** In 2005, he co-founded the non-profit [http://www.gapminder.org/ Gapminder] Foundation, which developed the [http://tools.google.com/gapminder Trendalyzer software] whose aim is to promote a fact based world view through the increased use, understanding and visualization of freely accessible public international statistics. The interactive Flash animations are freely available from the Foundation's website.
*** Google has acquired Hans Rosling's [http://tools.google.com/gapminder Trendalyzer software], with the intention to scale it up and make it freely available for public statistics.
* [http://roslingsblogger.blogspot.com/ Hans Rosling's blog] and his [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Rosling wikipedia entry.]
* Do you agree with the article's assertion that people are more generous toward specific identified victims than toward unidentifiable 'statistical' victims? If so, why do you think this might be? For example, as individuals, do we feel powerless to fight systemic evils but able to help individual people?
* What techniques might be used when presenting statistics so that can an emotional response, sufficient to motivate action, be created and maintained?
* What techniques might be used when presenting statistics so that an emotional response, sufficient to motivate action, can be created and maintained?
* Joseph Stalin was quoted as saying "A single death is a tragedy; a million deaths is a statistic." Is Stalin commenting on the same issue as the New Scientist article?
* Joseph Stalin was quoted as saying A single death is a tragedy; a million deaths is a statistic. Is Stalin commenting on the same issue as the New Scientist article?
* [http://idei.fr/doc/conf/psy/papers/small.pdf Learning about the identifiable victim effect,] Deborah A. Small, University of Pennsylvania, George Loewenstein, Carnegie Mellon University and Paul Slovic, Decision Research.
* [http://idei.fr/doc/conf/psy/papers/small.pdf Learning about the identifiable victim effect,] Deborah A. Small, University of Pennsylvania, George Loewenstein, Carnegie Mellon University and Paul Slovic, Decision Research.
* [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112177745/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 The devil you know: the effects of identifiability on punishment,] Deborah A. Small of the University of Pennsylvania and George Loewenstein of Carnegie Mellon University.
* [http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/112177745/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 The devil you know: the effects of identifiability on punishment,] Deborah A. Small of the University of Pennsylvania and George Loewenstein of Carnegie Mellon University.
This implies that the very first human languages were probably tonal, sounding more like Zulu or Chinese than French or English.
Furthermore, these new genes seem to be spreading quickly in the human species,
suggesting that they favoured by natural selection.
suggesting that they are favoured by natural selection.
The author's hypothesis concerns the relationship between
They tested the hypothesis by gathering genetic data, in the form of allele frequencies, and linguistic data, in the form of values of typological features from 49 populations around the world.
[[Image:GenLingCorrs.jpg|frame|right|The distribution of the correlations between all pairs of genetic markers and linguistic features in the database.
[[Image:GenLingCorrs.jpg|frame|right|The distribution of the correlations between all pairs of genetic markers and linguistic features in the authors' database.
The horizontal axis represents the strength of the correlation (Pearson's r, between -1 and +1, 0 means no correlation).
It can be seen that most correlations are around zero, but that the correlation between tone and the two genes are very improbable (stronger than 98.6% of all the correlations). Source: the [http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~s0340638/tonegenes/tonegenessummary.html author's webpage.]]]
It can be seen that most correlations are around zero, but that the correlation between tone and the two genes are very improbable (stronger than 98.6% of all the correlations). Source: the [http://www.ling.ed.ac.uk/~s0340638/tonegenes/tonegenessummary.html authors' webpage.]]]
Next they calculated the correlation between tone and each of the alleles separately.
But it may be that genes generally correlate with the typological features of language because of patterns of past migration and contact between peoples speaking different languages.
Therefore Dediu and Ladd wanted to make sure that our correlation is 'significant' not only in this standard statistical sense, but also that it is unusual when compared to other correlations between genes and typological features.
Therefore Dediu and Ladd wanted to make sure that the correlation is 'significant' not only in the standard statistical sense, but also that it is unusual when compared to other correlations between genes and typological features.
So for the same 49 populations, they gathered frequency data for 983 alleles and values for 26 typological features, such as the number of consonants or the use of inflections and 983 genetic variants,
So for the same 49 populations, they gathered frequency data for 983 alleles and values for 26 typological features, such as the number of consonants or the use of inflections,
in order to see in which manner genes and typological features tend to behave.
They show that the correlations between all pairs of genes and typological features follows a normal distribution around zero.
Pearson's correlation was calculated when considering each of the two genes separately. In addition, the authors used [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_regression logistic regression] to consider the impact of both genes together, to estimate how the frequency of the two genes in a population predicts its language tonality.
[[Image:Scatterplot.png|frame|right|Tone languages are represented by empty squares and non-tone languages by black squares.
[[Image:Scatterplot.png|frame|right|Tonal languages are represented by empty squares and non-tone languages by black squares.
It can be seen that in the bottom-left quadrant there are only tone languages, in the to-right quadrant only non-tone languages,
while in the top-left quadrant there is a balanced mixture.
(2) Keith Devlin is reported to have said "The only justifiable probability is 100% since the event happened. What do you think about this?
(3) The estimate of 1/5000 for getting a hole in one for low handicapped players was probably based on the assumption that the distribution for the number hole in ones for golfers in this class is a normal distribution. Greg Leibon suggested that there might be a very few players who have a good chance of hitting a hole in one so that a power law might be more appropriate. Would this make Jacqueline Gagne's achievement more plausible?
(3) What odds would you give for Jacqueline getting a hole in one in her next round of play?
10 Seven holes in one in 14 weeks. What are the odds?
10.1 Discussion:
This is from an interesting article about the life of George Gallup: "The Human Yardstick", Williston Rich, Saturday Evening Post January 21,1939, p. 71. The article ends with:
His greatest delusion is that he can forecast the stock market. His greatest fear, that a competitor will enter his field and be dishonest with the figures. His greatest devotion, to his family, his home and his church. He says, "I could prove God statistically--.
The following Forsooth was in the May 2007 RSS News:
I'm not sure if this is a "Forsooth" but at the minimum, it is an example of a poorly written survey question. The Kansas City Star newspaper has a poll on its website asking people their opinions about the Harry Potter series of books. The first question asks for an assessment of Severus Snape, one of the main characters in the Harry Potter series. This question is worded "Is Snape good or bad?" and offers the choices "Yes" or "No". As of June 7, there were 33 (29%) votes for "No".
AACS is the copy protection technology used on HD-DVD and Blu-ray discs. The consortium that owns this technology are apparently trying to stop websites and newspapers publishing a specific 128-bit integer that, with suitable software, enables the decryption of video content on most existing HD-DVD and Blu-ray discs. As part of this effort, they have claimed ownership of the encryption key, which means that you cannot use, without written permission, that particular 30-digit integer (in base 10) and several million other unknown keys that they apparently are also claiming ownership of. Not only that, but the numbers in question were chosen randomly so there is no simple way of knowing if your random choice conflicts with theirs, even if their choices were public knowledge.
You Can Own an Integer Too — Get Yours Here, Ed Felten, May 7, 2007 — this professor of Computer Science and Public Affairs at Princeton University suggests a way that you can also 'own' your own random integer and hundreds have already done so. He even suggests a use for your number:
IBM has a monthly Ponder this challenge which is often a probability problem. The April 2007 Challenge was the following random walk problem.
You might also want to try the Puzzle for February 2007 which provides another example of the occurrence of the Golden Mean:
Bad Health Care, Deficient Welfare Keep Americans Short, Spiegel International, 22 May 2007.
This on-line article, one in a series, claims that US citizens were the tallest in the world up to World War II but since then, US heights have stagnated while Europeans have been getting taller. Furthermore, the average American is now between two and six centimeters shorter than his European counterpart. The article cites a new study, which conjectures that this phenomenon might be explained by differences between health care and the social network systems in various countries. It also suggests a similar result for life expectancy.
The paper mentions that taller people have higher incomes, on average, but is unsure about the direction of causation. Is spite of this, the US population height has been stable since 1950 even though prosperity continued to rise, something that will require further work to explain, according to the authors:
Today, Americans are between two and six centimeters shorter than the Dutch but in the mid-19th centaury the reverse was the case. How reliable do you think data from 150 years ago is, in this case? What questions might you ask to ensure that any comparisons between cross sectional studies, over such a long period of time, are fair? How large do you think the samples sizes might have to be to justify such claims?
The authors claim an association between height and health but also mention an association between health and life expectancy. Height is easy to measure and fixed (between ages 20-50) but life expectancy appears not to be. Is it plausible to speculate about what average height might tell us about average life expectancy? Might it be easier for health educators and policy makers to focus on height as a simpler and more transparent measure of health than life expectancy?
If height seems like an attractive proxy for health, how might you handle the fact that a population's average height grows with age between 0 and about 20 and shrinks with age above about age 50? Without such adjustments, is it necessary to wait 20 years for each generation's final height to stabilize before drawing conclusions about their future health and life expectancy?
For future studies, speculate on how genetic information might gradually replace height as a proxy for future health. What are genetics' relative merits compared to height?
An article by the Wall Street Journal's The Numbers Guy on life expectancy.
On the topics of visualization and scaling, this short film visualizes the size of 'things' and the effect of then adding a zero to the scale. With every passing 10 seconds, the view is 10 times wider: starting with one meter - a person lying on the ground - to 10^24 - the universe. It then reverses the view down to a subatomic particle, 10^-14. A journey of 40 powers of ten.
If you have trouble with the link above, try searching for Powers of Ten.
I found the original link at specialten.tv - wait for the page to load, then click on the link labeled Top Ten, in the top left of the page, to get a drop down list, then click on Powers of ten, which is fifth on the list.
This film by graphic designer Nigel Holmes describes the relative sizes of the US surplus and debt, again using the ability to zoom out to illustrate numbers that differ by orders of magnitude.
The scoop on data visualization, Statistical Computing and Graphics Newsletter, June 2007.
AIDS Chart is a map for printing, comparing Adult HIV prevalence rate against money. The sizes of the bubbles are the number of people living with HIV. Source Gapminder, 2004.
Another video article. This video shows a 20 minute lecture by Hans Rosling, a medical doctor and a professor of International Health at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, on the topic of debunking third-world myths.
It shows interactive data-analysis and presentation techniques, to communicate complex data in a clear and intuitive manner, via moving bubbles and flowing curves, along with a few jokes. The image on the right shows a snapshot that is typical of the dynamic images discussed in the video.
To quote from the TED website:
Rosling argues that The West's view of the third world is based on ill-informed and preconceived notions that differ radically from the reality and that such misconceptions result in weak policy decisions. The speaker asserts that we have generally underestimated the social change in Asia, over the last forty years, and that such social change is a prerequisite for economic change. He also claims that the concept of a developing country is flawed because the variation within the standard country groups, like 'Africa', is so high.
The speaker is not a statistician. Would you have recognized this before watching the video? His graphics do not emphasize the underlying analysis, does this matter? Do you think the validity of the figures from so many different countries over so many years is credible? Would it affect the overall conclusions from his talk? Do you know where to go to track down some comparable figures? Would you have guessed that there is over a terabyte of public data on national and international statistics, from sources such as the UN, national statistics offices, NGOs, Amnesty and others?
Source - The scoop on data visualization, Statistical Computing and Graphics Newsletter, page 11, June 2007.
This source also highlighted what the national statistical offices of several countries are doing to improve statistical literacy and interest in their national statistics data by their citizens, using many different kinds of animation software.
Note that Flash is typically required so you may need to install the latest version etc.
This handouts page offers several pdfs with colorful graphs that can be printed out as posters.
For example, you can click on this AIDS chart to get the underlying image.
Rosling recently edited Global Health: An Introductory Textbook, 2006.
He ended this talk by swallowing a sword, literally.
He is one of the few sword-swallowers active in Sweden.
In 2005, he co-founded the non-profit Gapminder Foundation, which developed the Trendalyzer software whose aim is to promote a fact based world view through the increased use, understanding and visualization of freely accessible public international statistics. The interactive Flash animations are freely available from the Foundation's website.
Hans Rosling's blog and his wikipedia entry.
In a related paper by Small and Loewenstein, people felt less compassion and donated less aid towards a pair of victims than to either individual alone.
What techniques might be used when presenting statistics so that an emotional response, sufficient to motivate action, can be created and maintained?
Joseph Stalin was quoted as saying A single death is a tragedy; a million deaths is a statistic. Is Stalin commenting on the same issue as the New Scientist article?
The two genes in question have emerged in the human population only very recently, 6,000 to 37,000 years ago. This implies that the very first human languages were probably tonal, sounding more like Zulu or Chinese than French or English. Furthermore, these new genes seem to be spreading quickly in the human species, suggesting that they are favoured by natural selection.
The distribution of the correlations between all pairs of genetic markers and linguistic features in the authors' database. The horizontal axis represents the strength of the correlation (Pearson's r, between -1 and +1, 0 means no correlation). It can be seen that most correlations are around zero, but that the correlation between tone and the two genes are very improbable (stronger than 98.6% of all the correlations). Source: the authors' webpage.
Next they calculated the correlation between tone and each of the alleles separately. But it may be that genes generally correlate with the typological features of language because of patterns of past migration and contact between peoples speaking different languages. Therefore Dediu and Ladd wanted to make sure that the correlation is 'significant' not only in the standard statistical sense, but also that it is unusual when compared to other correlations between genes and typological features. So for the same 49 populations, they gathered frequency data for 983 alleles and values for 26 typological features, such as the number of consonants or the use of inflections, in order to see in which manner genes and typological features tend to behave. They show that the correlations between all pairs of genes and typological features follows a normal distribution around zero. See the graph on the right.
Tonal languages are represented by empty squares and non-tone languages by black squares. It can be seen that in the bottom-left quadrant there are only tone languages, in the to-right quadrant only non-tone languages, while in the top-left quadrant there is a balanced mixture. The bottom-right quadrant contains no populations in the sample - the reason for this is unknown. Source: the author's webpage.
Remarkable correlations could happen by chance. Because they compute a large number of statistical measures, the significances (p-values) of the results had to be adjusted. (When computing, for example, 1000 correlations, just by chance 10 will turn out to be significant for an alpha level of 0.01.) So the paper adjusts all its p-values .
Speculate how you think the authors take into account the fact that neighboring populations tend to share both the same genes and languages?
Person's correlation measures the strength of a linear relationship between two variables. Why do you think linearity is justified in this case? The Manel test is used to assess its significance, are you familiar with this type of permutation test?
Seven holes in one in 14 weeks. What are the odds?
113,527,276,681,000,000 to 1
Those were the odds local golfer Jacqueline Gagne could make seven holes in one in 14 weeks.
The Desert Sun (Palm Springs) April 28
Larry Gohannan
Lee Sechrest suggested this article which is a good example to discuss how we should react to a claim that an event with an unbelievably small probability has occurred.
Jacqueline Gagne is a 47 year old computer programmer who retired and moved to Rancho Mirage, California. Here she continued her love of sports by playing golf four or five times a week. Between January and May she made seven holes in one. From the Desert Sun article we read:
Before she recorded her eighth this week, Professor Mike McJilton of the College of the Desert Math and Science Department calculated the odds of making seven aces in approximately 65 rounds (five rounds a week for 13 weeks) as Gagne did is just under 114 million billion to 1. As a decimal number, the chance of making the seven aces is 0.0000000000000000088
McJilton used the Poisson Distribution, presumably as an approximation to the binomial distribution. For this he needed to know the probability that a reasonable golfer makes a hole in one in a round. There have been many attempts to estimate this. You can read about this here. It is said here that the Golf Digest hired Francis Sheid, the retired chairman of the math department at Boston University, to calculate the odds using the latest and best information available. The odds Scheid came up with were 5,000 to 1 for a "low-handicapper," and 12,000 to 1 for an "average player". These were higher than previous estimates. Using Mathematca and the Binomial Distribution with p = 1/5000 and n = 65 we find that the probabiliy of 7 success agrees with McJilton's result.
The next calculation of such odds was discussed in the Sports News May 24, 2007. By this time Gagne has made 10 holes in one in 16 weeks. Here we read:
We asked one of the world's foremost mathematicians, Joseph B. Keller, professor emeritus of mathematics and mechanical engineering at Stanford, to compute the odds of making 10 aces in 80 rounds (using a previous finding by "Golf Digest" that the odds of an average player making an ace in any given round are 1 in 5,000). Keller's answer: "Roughly two chances out of 10 followed by 24 zeros. This is the same chance as picking one particular molecule out of all the molecules in 50 gallons of air."
By June 3 Jacqueline had made 14 holes in one in the past 5 months. Again using the Binomial model and Mathematica we find the probability of this event is .0000000000000000000000000000000000003.
Of course people were suspicious of a fraud but they were able to find witnesses to all of her holes in one. Her authenticity gained further support when an ABC TV station sent a crew to interview her and she hit a hole in one while they were there. You can see this hole in one here.
There has been a lot of discussion about this event. See in particular the discussion by Carl Bialick and the comments of his readers at the "Numbers Guy" Blog. Carl Bialik writes a column called The Numbers Guy for the Wall Street Journal and maintains the "Numbers Guy" Blog.
We like the following remarks made by Professor Sechrest when he suggested this topic:
The accounts of the statistical estimation procedures were quite interesting and represented something of a tour-de-force in calculating probabilities. What seemed to me to be odd, however, is that no one recognized, at least not explicitly, that the probability of such a record, once beyond a certain point, ceases to be interesting. One simply reaches a point at which it is evident that the woman has some special skill. Packing on further improbabilities does not provide any new information. It is my understanding that she came to the attention of people for her golfing prowess some time ago, i.e., before she reached ten, further supporting the conclusion that she has more than luck going for her.
I have a pair of loaded dice that I use for demonstrations from time to time. After I have rolled about six sevens out of, say, nine tries, everyone agrees that the dice are loaded. Going ahead to roll another six sevens does not impress anyone as remarkable.
(1) Of course we only hear about unusual events so we should really have a bigger sample space. How could this be done for this event?
Retrieved from "https://www.causeweb.org/wiki/chance/index.php?title=Chance_News_27&oldid=13248"


text:
<?php
class Kwf_Controller_Action_Cli_Web_SetupController extends Kwf_Controller_Action_Cli_Abstract
{
    public static function getHelp()
    {
        return "initial setup";
    }

    public function indexAction()
    {
        if (!Kwf_Config::getValue('server.domain')) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Before running setup please set server.domain in config.local.ini");
        }

        if (file_exists('update')) {
            //for pre 3.3 webs, update file got replaced by kwf_update table
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Application seems to be set up already. (update file exists)");
        }

        try {
            Kwf_Registry::get('db');
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Connection to database failed: ".$e->getMessage());
        }

        if (!Kwf_Registry::get('db')) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Database not configured: create a config.local.ini containing database connection.");
        }

        try {
            Kwf_Registry::get('db')->query("SELECT 1");
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Connection to database failed: ".$e->getMessage());
        }

        try {
            $tables = Kwf_Registry::get('db')->fetchCol("SHOW TABLES");
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Fetching Tables failed: ".$e->getMessage());
        }
        if (in_array('kwf_update', $tables) || in_array('kwf_updates', $tables)) {
            echo "Application seems to be set up already. (kwf_updates table exists)\n";
            echo "Executing update...\n";
            $this->forward('index', 'update');
            return;
        }
        if ($tables) {
            throw new Kwf_Exception_Client("Database not empty, incomplete kwf installation or other application already exists in this database.");
        }

        $updates = array();
        if (file_exists('setup/initial/dump.sql')) {
            $updates[] = new Kwf_Update_Setup_InitialDb('setup/initial/dump.sql');
            if (file_exists('setup/initial/uploads')) {
                $updates[] = new Kwf_Update_Setup_InitialUploads('setup/initial/uploads');
            }
        } else {
            foreach (Kwf_Util_Update_Helper::getUpdateTags() as $tag) {
                $file = KWF_PATH.'/setup/'.$tag.'.sql';
                if (file_exists($file)) {
                    $update = new Kwf_Update_Sql($file, null);
                    $update->sql = file_get_contents($file);
                    $updates[] = $update;
                }
            }

            $updates = array_merge($updates, Kwf_Util_Update_Helper::getUpdates());

            if (file_exists('setup/setup.sql')) $updates[] = new Kwf_Update_Setup_InitialDb('setup/setup.sql');
            if (file_exists('setup/uploads')) $updates[] = new Kwf_Update_Setup_InitialUploads('setup/uploads');
        }

        $c = new Zend_ProgressBar_Adapter_Console();
        $c->setElements(array(Zend_ProgressBar_Adapter_Console::ELEMENT_PERCENT,
                                Zend_ProgressBar_Adapter_Console::ELEMENT_BAR,
                                Zend_ProgressBar_Adapter_Console::ELEMENT_TEXT));
        $c->setTextWidth(50);

        file_put_contents("update", serialize([]));
        $runner = new Kwf_Util_Update_Runner($updates);
        $progress = new Zend_ProgressBar($c, 0, $runner->getProgressSteps());
        $runner->setProgressBar($progress);
        if (!$runner->checkUpdatesSettings()) {
            echo "\ncheckSettings failed, setup stopped\n";
            exit;
        }
        $doneNames = $runner->executeUpdates();
        $runner->writeExecutedUpdates($doneNames);
        $runner->executePostMaintenanceBootstrapUpdates();

        $errors = $runner->getErrors();
        if ($errors) {
            echo "\n\n================\n";
            echo count($errors)." setup script(s) failed:\n";
            foreach ($errors as $error) {
                echo $error['name'].": \n";
                echo $error['message']."\n\n";
            }
        } else {
            echo "\n\nSetup finished.\nThank you for using Koala Framework.\n";
        }
        unlink("update");
        exit;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home > Journals > Biomedical & Life Sciences > ABB
ABB> Vol.6 No.11, November 2015
Research on the Repeated Sequences among tRNA Sequences
DOI: 10.4236/abb.2015.611070 3,572 Downloads 3,967 Views Citations
Fangping Wei1*, Yuanze Mao1, Zhenxiong Lan2
1College of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
2College of Computer and Information Engineering, Guangxi Teacher Education University, Nanning, China.
Many theories thought that present-day tRNA sequences evolved from some short RNA hairpins which contain a simple stem-loop structure. To find out these significant fragment sequences, the repeated sequences of different length within 3420 tRNA sequences are counted and analyzed. The results show that: 1) the probability of occurrence P(i) with the given repeated sequences i follows a power-law distribution when the length K of repeated sequences is longer than four bases, and in this case, the total number N(n) of occurrence with the repeated times n follows a power-law distribution too; 2) the sequence of the length K which repeats the largest times is just only sequence of the length K-b wobbling b bases on its left or right side (b varies between 1 and K-1); 3) the same repeated sequences are found nearly at the identical site in different tRNA sequences as the length K of repeated sequences is longer than five bases. Then a hypothesis of the origin and evolution mechanisms of tRNA sequences is proposed and discussed.
tRNA Sequences, Repeated Sequences, Anticodons
Wei, F. , Mao, Y. and Lan, Z. (2015) Research on the Repeated Sequences among tRNA Sequences. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 6, 669-675. doi: 10.4236/abb.2015.611070.
[1] Kang, S. and Janorski, A. (1995) Expansion and Deletion of CTG Repeats from Human Disease Genes Are Determined the Direction of Replication in E. colil. Nature Genetics, 10, 213-218.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0695-213
[2] Jose, A.L. and Lorente, M. (1994) Analysis of Short Tandem Repeat(STR)HUMVWA in the Spanish Population. Forensic Science International, 65, 169-175.
[3] Bloch, D.P., McArthur, B. and Mirrop, S. (1985) tRNA-rRNA Sequence Homologies: Evidence for an Ancient Modular Format Shared by tRNAs and rRNAs. Biosystems, 17, 209-225.
[4] Dick, T.P. and Schamel, W.W.A. (1995) Molecular Evolution of Transfer RNA from Two Precursor Hairpins: Implications for the Origin of Protein Synthesis. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 41, 1-9.
[5] Eigen, M. and Winkler-Oswatttsch, R. (198l) Transfer-RNA, an Early Gene? Naturwissenschaften, 68, 282-292.
[6] Hopfield, J.J. (1978) Origin of the Genetic Code: A Testable Hypothesis Based on tRNA Structure, Sequence and Kinetic Proofreading. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 75, 4334-4338.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.75.9.4334
[7] Sprinzl, M., Horn, C., Brown, M., et al. (1998) Compilation of tRNA Sequence and tRNA Genes. Nucleic Acids Research, 26, 148-153.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/26.1.148
[8] Wasserman, S. and Faust, K. (1994) Social Network Analysis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511815478
[9] Albert, R., Jeong, H. and Barabasi, A.L. (1999) Internet: Diameter of the World-Wide Web. Nature, 401, 130-131.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/43601
[10] Zipf, G.K. (1949) Human Behaviour and the Principle of Least Effort. Addison-Wesley, Cambridge.
[11] Qian, J., Luscombe, N.M. and Gerstein, M. (2001) Protein Family and Fold Occurrence in Genomes: Power-Law Behaviour and Evolutionary Model. Journal of Molecular Biology, 313, 673-681.
[12] Wei F.P. and Lan Z.X. (2007) Using Complex Network to Study the Evolution of tRNA Sequences. Journal of Guangxi University, 32, 246-248.
[13] Hao, B.-L., Lee, H.C. and Zhang, S.-Y. (2000) Fractals Related to Long DNA Sequences and Complete Genomes. Chaos, Solitons and Fractals, 11, 825-836.
[14] Garg, A., Garg, A. and Tai, K. (2014) A Multi-Gene Genetic Programming Model for Estimating Stress-Dependent Soil Water Retention Curves. Computational Geosciences, 18, 45-56.
[15] Saks, M.E., Sampson, J.R. and Abelson, J. (1998) Evolution of a Transfer RNA Gene through a Point Mutation in the Anticodon. Science, 279, 1665-1667.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.279.5357.1665
[16] Wei, F.P., Meng, M., Li, S. and Ma, H.R (2006) Comparing Two Evolutionary Mechanisms of Modern tRNAs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 38, 1-11.
[17] Garg, A., Tai, K. and Sreedeep, S. and Stokes, A. (2014) A Computational Intelligence-Based Genetic Programming Approach for the Simulation of Soil Water Retention Curves. Transport in Porous Media, 2014, 1-17.
[18] Syozo, O. and Jukes, T.H. (1989) Codon Reassignment (Codon Capture) in Evolution. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 28, 271-278.
[19] Juhling, F. and Morl, M. (2009) tRNAdb 2009: Compilation of tRNA Sequence and tRNA Genes. Nucleic Acids Research, 37, 159-161.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkn772
[20] Ragan, M.A. (2001) Detection of Lateral Gene Transfer among Microbial Genomes. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 11, 620-626.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00244-6
[21] Crick, F.H.C., Brenner, S., Klug, A. and Pieczenik, G. (1976) A Speculation on the Origin of Protein Synthesis. Origins Life, 7, 389-397.
[22] Giulio, M.D. (1992) On the Origin of the Transfer RNA Molecule. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 159, 199-214.
ABB Subscription
ABB Most popular papers
ABB News


text:
Daimler's Answer to Traffic Congestion
Posted on July 20, 2016 by J Sammy	One comment
Daimler's answer to traffic congestion is a high-tech spin on the lowly city bus.
The German automaker's semi-autonomous bus—called the Mercedes-Benz Future Bus—made its first public journey on Monday along a 12-mile route dotted with tight turns, tunnels, and traffic lights between Amsterdam's Schiphol airport and the town of Haarlem. The company called the successful navigation of the route a milestone on the road to autonomous city buses. Daimler did not reveal a timeline for when the bus might be adopted by the city's mass transit authority.
Daimler sees urban transit as a more effective way to curb emissions and alleviate traffic gridlock in cities. The company took autonomous driving technology called Highway Pilot that it developed for its self-driving Mercedes-Benz Actros truck and modified it for city buses.
The technology, called CityPilot, captures data from nearly a dozen cameras, short-range radar, and GPS, and uses it to navigate a pre-determined route, recognize obstacles, and brake on its own when necessary. The software not only recognizes traffic lights, it can communicate with them to signal that they're approaching—a handy feature that when used correctly could speed up travel times and reduces tailpipe emissions. The bus, which can reach a top speed of about 43 miles per hour, approaches stops automatically, and opens and closes its doors so passengers can go on and off.
There still are drivers at the wheel. Daimler says that drivers must only take control of the wheel when traffic regulations require it or when technology cannot handle the road conditions.
tagged with Actros Truck, CityPilot, daimler, drivers take control of the wheel, Mercedes Benz Future Bus, semi-autonomous, Urban Mobility, urban transit
Pingback: Bosch and Daimler join forces to build Future Urban Mobility with Self-driving Cars | Urban Mobility News Asia | Motion Digest


text:
Skwer Stefana Pieczki, polsky Skwer im. ks. prałata Stefana Pieczki, je náměstí s fontánou, stromy a ocelovými plastikami ve čtvrti Centrum okresního města Ratiboř (Racibórz) ve Slezském vojvodství v jižním Polsku. Nachází se u farního kostela Nanebevzetí Panny Marie (Kościół Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny).

Další informace
Skwer Stefana Pieczki je architektonicky, esteticky hodnotný a populární element města Ratiboř. Vznikl revitalizací místa. V roce 2016 byla revitalzace skweru oceněna prestižní cenou "Najlepiej Zrewitalizowana Przestrzeń Zieleni".

Galerie

Reference

Centrum (Ratiboř, Slezské vojvodství)
Skwery v Polsku
Veřejná prostranství ve Slezském vojvodství
Objekty nazvané po osobách

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
< src="//bat.bing.com/action/0?ti=5824517&Ver=2" height="0" width="0" style="display:none; visibility: hidden;" />
Home of the Kentucky Derby Calendar Racing & Wagering News Visit Horsemen Groups & Occasions Store Tickets
Racing & Wagering
Toteboard & Replays Wagering News Inside CD Handicapping Simulcast Racing Club
Just Louise Survives Dramatic Three-Horse Battle to Win 110th Debutante
Gary Yunt
Eldon Farm Equine's Just Louise put away 3-5 favorite Salty Strike in deep stretch and then held off a late surge from Tristanme to win the 110th running of the $108,800 Debutante Stakes (GIII) for 2-year-old fillies by a neck on Saturday afternoon at Churchill Downs.
Trained Dale Romans and ridden by Robby Albarado, Just Louise tracked the early pace of Big Sweets and Salty Strike, who blistered the first quarter-mile in :21.14. Midway on the far turn, Albarado sent Just Louise up three wide to grab the lead from Big Sweets as Salty Strike dropped back to third.
Turning for home after a half-mile in :44.73, Just Louise had the lead, but Salty Strike, under Calvin Borel, re-rallied on the rail to take the lead in upper stretch. Salty Strike maintained the advantage until fewer than 50 yards remained when Just Louise eased by and had enough left to hold off Tristanme, ridden by Shaun Bridgmohan.
Just Louise ran the six furlongs on a fast main track in 1:11.85. The victory, the second in as many starts for the homebred daughter of Five Star Day out of the Mt. Livermore mare Kings Lynn, was worth $66,107 and increased her bankroll to $94,907.
Second choice in the field of seven, Just Louise returned $5.60, $3.80 and $2.20. Tristanme returned $16 and $5 with Salty Strike, finishing a nose back in third, paying $2.10 to show. Completing the field in order were Internet Café, Tater Taunter, Bach Hamilton and Big Sweets.
Racing resumes Sunday with a 10-race program beginning at 12:45 p.m. (ET). There's a one-day Pick 6 carryover of $5,088 on races 5-10. Only five dates remain at the 2010 Spring Meet, which concludes Sunday, July 4.
DEBUTANTE STAKES QUOTES
ROBBY ALBARADO (jockey, JUST LOUISE, winner): "She's a very a nice filly, very smart. I got lucky with my draw on the outside (post six of seven), which was good for her. She won very impressive. Last time she beat a bunch of good maidens, and the same with Salty Strike. I had an option to ride either one and you could split them. But the way her (Just Louise) running style is fits just in case she gets behind horses. She ran big. I had to keep her running down the stretch. She kind of looked around a little bit, they battled back and forth and she got her head in front."
DALE ROMANS (trainer, JUST LOUISE, winner): "She's a very nice filly and she's just like her sister (half to 2008 Pocahontas winner Sara Louise). This race is something for her to improve off of. She dug in game. I thought at the top of the lane it would open up, but you know Calvin (Borel aboard Salty Strike) had a lot of horse, and it was a dogfight to the end. She will point toward the Saratoga meet."
SHAUN BRIDGMOHAN (jockey, TRISTANME, second): "We went good. She ran hard and good and she was able to close off that pace."
SCOTT BLASI (assistant to trainer Steve Asmussen, TRISTANME, second): "She ran her race and she finished well. We were just unlucky to win. The filly that won (Just Louise) ran a big race. She'll improve off this effort."
CALVIN BOREL (jockey, SALTY STRIKE, third): "No excuse. We got outrun. The six horse (Just Louise) was right there with us, and turning for home, I thought I was home free but didn't have it today."
PHILIP BAUER (assistant to trainer Ken McPeek, SALTY STRIKE, third): "The speed up front didn't help us, but she ran a game race. We were proud of her effort. This was just her second start and she will continue to improve. Being by Smart Strike she has the pedigree to go further and we will try doing that at Saratoga. She fought hard today."
NOTES: Jockey Robby Albarado and trainer Dale Romans collected their first stakes wins of the 2010 Spring Meet. … It was the 64th Churchill Downs stakes win for Albarado (second all time behind Pat Day's 156) and 24th for Romans (ranks seventh all time). …Albarado won the Debutante for the third time. He also piloted Effectual and Garden District to victories in 2005 and '08, respectively. … Romans collected his first Debutante win after finishing second in two previous editions: Vibs (2002) and Joint Effort (2005). … After quick early splits of :21.14 and :44.73, the leaders completed the final quarter mile in :27.12 and the last eighth in :14.07.
Churchill Downs, the world's most legendary racetrack, has conducted Thoroughbred racing and presented America's greatest race, the Kentucky Derby, continuously since 1875. Located in Louisville, the flagship racetrack of Churchill Downs Incorporated (NASDAQ Global Select Market: CHDN) also operates Trackside at Churchill Downs, which offers year-round simulcast wagering at the historic track. Churchill Downs will host the 137th running of the Kentucky Derby on Saturday, May 7, 2011 and the Kentucky Oaks on Friday, May 6, 2011. The track's 2010 Spring Meet continues through Sunday, July 4. Churchill Downs is scheduled to host the Breeders' Cup World Championships for a record seventh time on Nov. 5 and 6, 2010. Churchill Downs tickets are available at Tickets.ChurchillDowns.com or by calling (502) 636-4400. Additional information about Churchill Downs can be found on the Internet at ChurchillDowns.com.
- END -
Sign up for race updates, wagering tips, and inside news
Thank you to our sponsor
© 2020 Churchill Downs Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
Churchill Downs, Kentucky Derby, Kentucky Oaks, the "twin spires design", and Churchill Downs Incorporated related trademarks are registered trademarks of Churchill Downs Incorporated.
Privacy Policy | Responsible Gaming | Accessibility | About CDI | Careers | Seasonal Jobs
700 Central Ave, Louisville, KY, 40208
About Churchill Downs | Send us your feedback | Partnership & Licensing Opportunities
Groups & Occasions


text:
Boy & Bear
Australian Indie Folk band Boy & Bear is signed to Universal Music Australia's Island imprint for Australia and New Zealand only, their song publishing is with SonyATV world wide, their booking agent in Australia is Stephen Wade at Select Music, their booking agent in the UK and Europe is Lucy Dickins at International Talent Booking (ITB), and their booking agent in the US is Bobby Cory at CAA. Boy & Bear won the Triple J Unearthed J Award in 2010, was named Rolling Stone Magazine's 'Artist to Watch' for 2011, and sold out 15 of the 17 shows on their debut headline Australian tour in October/November 2010. They have toured Australia with Mumford & Sons, Laura Marling, Angus & Julia Stone, The Hungry Kids of Hungary, Lisa Mitchell and in April 2010 they toured the UK with Laura Marling. Laura Marling also used Boy & Bear's rhythm section as part of her backing band for the entire tour, which included Europe. In November and December 2010 Boy & Bear performed a capacity showcase at the Mercury Lounge in New York City and they completed their first headline (eight-date) tour in the UK with sold out performances in Oxford, Brighton and London. After SXSW, Boy & Bear will be jumping into the studio with acclaimed producer Joe Chiccarelli (The Shins, My Morning Jacket, The White Stripes) to record their debut album, set for release later this year.
Australian Indie Folk band Boy & Bear is signed to Universal Music Australia's Island imprint for Australia and New Zealand only, their song publishing is with SonyATV world wide, their booking agent in Australia is Stephen Wade at Select Music, their booking agent in the UK and Europe... Read More →
Billboard Bungalow @ Buffalo Billiards 201 E 6th St


Ireland's Alcohol Beverage Federation has backed a call for warning labels targeted at pregnant women, but has rejected a proposal for the Government to review weekly drinking guidelines.
Warnings on the dangers of drinking when pregnant should be a compulsory requirement on drinks labels, said the Alcohol Beverage Federation of Ireland (ABFI) today (7 September), echoing a report commissioned by the Government's Health Service Executive (HSE).
In an attempt to seize the initiative following publication of the report, ABFI said ministers have dragged their feet on the issue.
"We would repeat our call on Government to bring forward legislation for unit information and pregnancy advice warnings on all products at the earliest possible opportunity," said ABFI director Rosemary Garth. "While the Government agreed to do this almost two years ago and support it with an awareness campaign, nothing has happened."
Pregnancy warnings on drinks labels are already compulsory in France and have been endorsed by trade bodies in the UK.
Other proposals in the HSE report proved less popular with the ABFI.
Among them is a recommendation for the Government to review weekly drinking guidelines, which the report says should be reported on bottles in terms of grams of pure alcohol in the drink, rather than by units.
"Existing labelling policies prevent us knowing how much pure alcohol is contained in various products," said Dr Joe Barry, one of the report's authors.
However, the ABFI said: "The drinks industry believes there is no basis for doing this. The standard unit in Ireland is understood by consumers and is in-line with World Health Organisation recommendations and standard practice in the UK."
The HSE report also calls for ministers to set a "maximum container size" for alcohol sales in the off-trade to help reduce volume-led sales, offers and discounting.
While not commenting specifically on this, ABFI director Garth said: "The drinks industry is continuing to work with Government, state agencies and other stakeholders to address alcohol misuse and promote a more responsible attitude to consumption."


text:
Pleasant Hill Community School
Library Guide
Schools welcome families on early registration day
Saskatoon Public Schools is welcoming new students and families back to school with an early registration day Thursday, Aug. 29, at all of our schools. Families of students who were registered at their school during the previous school year do not need to attend early registration day.
Pleasant Hill School Supply List
Sometimes school supply lists don't make it home in the backpack! Click "Read More" to view our school's supply list for the upcoming school year.
Drum project a partnership with Royal West Campus
When Pleasant Hill Community School decided to make its own drum — beginning with processing a moose hide to make the rawhide drum cover — it expanded the learning for both students and staff and created a partnership with Royal West Campus.
School-year calendar approved for 2019-20
The 2019-20 school year calendar for kindergarten to Grade 12 has been approved by the Board of Education. Click on Read More to view and download a PDF copy of the calendar.
Plan Your Route to School
Let's get moving! Move To Grow is encouraging students and families to pursue active transportation options such as walking or cycling to and from school. Click Read More for a neighbourhood map to plan a safe route.
Mrs. Dulcie Puobi
Vice-Principal:
Ms. Julienne Buckle
Community School Coordinator:
Ms. Carolynn Arcand
Superintendent:
Mrs. Donnalee Weinmaster
Trustee:
Mr. Vernon Linklater
Click here to add new content
Schools hold early registration day Aug. 29; first day of classes Sept. 3
Saskatoon Public Schools is welcoming new students and families back to school with an early registration day set for Thursday, Aug. 29, 9:30 to 11:30 a.m. at all of...
Saskatoon Public Schools, Saskatoon Tribal Council sign agreement
 A new agreement to deliver "reconciliation in education" will focus on the development of programs, services and opportunities to revitalize the presence of First Nations culture and language...
Drum project provides hands-on learning for students, staff
A drum group at Pleasant Hill Community School has brought people together in celebration and in ceremony during the past two years and reminded students, staff and families of...
Subscribe View all calendar
School Operations/PD - students do not attend
All elementary and high schools will be open for school operations and professional development. Students do not attend.
Saskatoon Board of Education Meeting
310 - 21st Street East
A regular meeting of the Saskatoon Board of Education will be held in the board room located at 310 - 21st Street East. Members of the public are invited to attend.
Saskatoon , SK
Chance of showers
A few clouds
Data provided by Environment Canada
Call to class 9:10AM
Classes begin 9:15AM
Recess 11:00AM
Lunch 12:08PM
Classes resume 12:53PM
Dismissal 3:30PM
215 Avenue S South,
Saskatoon, SK, S7M 2Z9
Email: PleasantHillSchool@spsd.sk.ca


text:
Site navigation menu toggle
Saferoad in Brief
Road Infrastructure
Press & Media Center
Corporate Compliance Program
Saferoad Group
Espen Asheim
Espen Asheim was appointed Group CEO effective September 2018.
Espen has an undergraduate degree in Finance and Marketing from University of Oregon and a Master in Business Administration (MBA) from Mays Business at Texas A&M University.
He has previously held similar positions Egmont Publishing AS, VIA Travel Group ASA, Elektroskandia AS and Canal Digital AS.
Thomas Røkke
Thomas Røkke was appointed Group CFO effective December 2018.
Thomas holds a Bachelor and master's degree (lic.oec.) as well as a PhD (dr.oec.) in Finance & Accounting from the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
He has previously held similar positions in FristadsKansas (SE) and Løgismose Meyers (DK), and has broad international experience from both operational management positions and strategy consulting.
Peter Lind
SVP Road Safety Europe
Peter Lind was appointed Senior Vice President, Road Safety Europe in March 2011.
Lind has been employed by the Group since 2011. Peter holds a Master of Science in Economics (Diplom Kaufmann) from the University of Trier. Lind started in road safety business in 1997 and joined Saferoad in 2011 after the German road restraint system company named Lind Verkehrstechnik, which he founded in 2006, merged with competitor to Bongard & Lind and later was acquired by the Saferoad Group.
Svein Vestermo
SVP Saferoad Signs/WZP Nordics
Svein Vestermo was appointed SVP Saferoad Signs/WZP Nordics effective April 2019.
Prior to the SVP role, Vestermo has held several managing positions in Saferoad since 2006. He holds a master's degree in business administration and Management from Nord University (Siviløkonomiutdanningen, Bodø) as well as a bachelor's degree in business administration and Management from Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Terje Myhre
SVP Saferoad RRS Nordics
Terje Myhre was appointed SVP Saferoad RRS Nordics effective April 2019. Since joining Saferoad in 2006, Terje has held various SVP roles in the Nordic region.
Terje has a Master of Business and Marketing from BI Norwegian Business School. He has previously been Managing Director of Kitron Oslo AS from 2003 to 2006, and Managing Director of Ecotron AS from 1996 to 2003.
Kjetil Nesset
SVP Saferoad Light Poles
Kjetil Nesset was appointed SVP Saferoad Light Poles effective April 2019. Since joining Saferoad in 2012, Kjetil has been managing director of Vik Ørsta.
Kjetil holds a bachelor degree in Construction and an degree in Finance & Management. He has previously held several managing positions and came to Saferoad from the position as COO in Spenncon Group.
SVP Saferoad Road Marking Nordics
Peter Nilsson was appointed SVP Saferoad Road Marking Nordics effective April 2019. Peter has 20 years' experience from the road marking business and has previously held managing positions within business development in Saferoad. Since 2011 he has been managing director of EKC Sverige.
Peter holds an business administration degree from Stockholm School of Economics.
Oscar Sandell
Group Chief HR Officer
Oscar Sandell was appointed Group Chief HR Officer in January 2019.
Oscar holds a bachelor's degree from Stockholm University and an MBA from Bond University, Australia.
Oscar has consulting background from Accenture and before joining Saferoad Group, he held several senior HR positions in multinational companies and has led HR functions in Europe, Asia, and Americas for +15 years.
Espen Samuelsen
Espen Samuelsen was appointed SVP Operations in February 2019.
Espen holds a MSc. from Norwegian University of Science and Technology and an MBA from Ecole Supérieur de Commerce de Paris – Ecole d'Administration de Paris, and BI Norwegian School of Management, Oslo. Espen has broad international experience from operational roles in Aker Solutions, ExxonMobil and Nycomed, as well as management consulting experience from AT Kearney.
Steinar S. Holtskog
SVP Strategy and M&A
Steinar S. Holtskog was appointed
SVP Strategy and M&A effective June 2019.
Steinar holds a master's degree from BI Norwegian Business School of Oslo (2006). He has extensive background from management consulting across several companies (BCG, Creo, Xlent and Differ), as well as a period in the M&A and strategy department of the AF Group (NO).
© Saferoad Holding AS
Enebakkveien 150 · 0680 Oslo - Norway · Contact · Data privacy


text:
Hermann Güntert, född 5 november 1886, död 23 april 1948, var en tysk språkforskare.

Güntert blev professor i Rostock 1921 och i Heidelberg 1926. Han utgav ett flertal språkvetenskapliga skrifter som Reimwortbildungen im Arischen und Griechischen (1914), Indogermaische Ablautprobleme (1916) och Grundfragen der Sprachwissenschaft (1925) samt utövade ett rikt författskap där försökte lösa religionshistoriska problem på lingvistisk grundval. Bland hans arbeten inom detta område märks Kalypso (1919), Die Sprache der Geister und Götter (1921) och Der arische Weltkönig und Heliand (1923).

Källor
 Svensk uppslagsbok. Malmö, 1932.

Tyska lingvister
Tyska professorer
Personer verksamma vid Rostocks universitet
Personer verksamma vid Heidelbergs universitet
Födda 1886
Avlidna 1948
Män
Svensk uppslagsbok