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World View: 20,000 Refugees Flee Violence in Burundi, Fearing Hutu-Tutsi War
John J. Xenakis
This morning's key headlines from GenerationalDynamics.com
20,000 refugees flee violence in Burundi, fearing Hutu-Tutsi war
Generational history of Hutu and Tutsi tribes
Police clash with anti-Nkurunziza protesters in Burundi's capital city, Bujumbura (AFP)
Some 20,000 people from Burundi have sought refuge in neighboring Rwanda or Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), potentially destabilizing the region. The violence is being triggered President Pierre Nkurunziza's decision to run for a third term in June. His opponents say that this violates the constitution, while Nkurunziza says that his first term does not count because he was appointed by the parliament, rather than being directly elected.
The police have been shooting bullets, tear gas and water cannons, and about ten people have been killed in four days of violence between youthful protesters and police. The government has blocked messaging services including Facebook, Whatsapp, Twitter and Tango, and some radio stations have been shut down.
Burundi's last generational crisis war occurred in 1994, when 300,000 people were killed in a civil war between ethnic Hutus and Tutsis.
Most people are familiar with the massive civil war between Hutus and Tutsis that occurred in Rwanda in 1994, killing close to a million people. A war in neighboring Burundi occurred at roughly the same time, though it was overshadowed by the Rwanda war.
Pierre Nkurunziza was a Hutu militia leader in the 1994 war. He was appointed president in 2005 according to the terms of a peace agreement, settling the 1994 civil war, and he ran unopposed and was reelected in 2010.
The 2005 agreement specified a power-sharing arrangement for Burundi's government, with a 60-40 split between Hutus and Tutsis, respectively. With the Hutus in control of the government for ten years, young Tutsis are now protesting Nkurunziza's decision to run for another five-year term. Many people fear a return to an all-out civil war, as in 1994, but Burundi is now in a generational Awakening era, so an all-out civil war is impossible, although periods of brief violence can occur at any time. AP and Radio France International and BBC
Physical comparison of a Tutsi, Hutu and Twa (Mount Holyoke)
There are numerous histories of the two tribes on the internet, and most of them seem to agree that the first indigenous tribe in what are now Rwanda and Burundi was the pigmy Twa tribe, who lived by hunting and gathering in forests.
It is not known where the Hutus came from, but they displaced the Twa from the 5th to the 11th century, who then moved farther into the forest.
Let me pause here to discuss the word "displaced." The internet histories almost make it seem like the Hutu came in, and the Twa said, "Hi Hutu! We'll just move further into the forest to make room for you!" In a couple of cases, the internet histories claim that all of these tribes lived together peacefully until the white man colonists came in the mid 1800s. This is typical of the worst of the moronic nonsense that you find on the internet.
If the Hutu "displaced" the Twa, it would have been done by a series of bloody, brutal generational crisis wars. And, like all generational crisis wars, they undoubtedly involved massacres, rape, slavery and torture. The Hutu were taller and stronger than the Twa, and they took advantage of their greater weight and strength to smash the Twa and take over their lands. The reason that we do not know about these wars, or about any wars prior to the mid 1800s colonization, is because no records were kept prior to the mid 1800s colonization.
The same story applies to the migration of the Tutsis from southern Ethiopia, starting in the 14th century. Once again, the Tutsis were taller and stronger than the Hutus, and there were undoubtedly a series of bloody, violent generational crisis wars that gave the Tutsis control over the Hutus.
In the history of almost any country, you'll find conflicts between farmers and herders. Farmers would be infuriated when herds of animals (such as cattle or camels) trampled their crops. They'd respond by building fences, and that infuriated the cowboys. There were numerous conflicts between farmers and cowboys in America in the 1800s.
But when the farmers and herders are from two different ethnic groups, then the conflicts over land use become the core triggers that lead from one generational crisis war to the next one. After a particularly bloody war, the survivors vow that nothing like that can ever happen again, so they set up rules to prevent it. In the case of farmers and herders, the farmers agree to set up pathways across their lands for the herders' animals to travel, and the herders agree to follow those pathways and not trample crops. But as decades pass, and younger generations grow up with no personal memory of the preceding crisis war, all the old agreements unravel, and there's a new generational crisis war 60-80 years after the end of the last one.
In the case of the generational crisis war currently going on in the Central African Republic, the Muslims are herders and the Christians are farmers. In the case of the Darfur crisis war, the Sudanese "Arabs" are herders and the "black Africans" are farmers.
In the case of the Hutus and Tutsis, the Hutus are farmers and the Tutsis are herders. In European terms, the Tutsis became the nobility, and the Hutus became the serfs. The relationship was called "ubuhake," which means "to work for access to land." The Tutsi herders controlled the land and the animal pathways. The Hutus were given access to the land and, in return, paid taxes to the Tutsis.
When the German colonists arrived in the late 1800s, they observed that the Tutsis were in charge and that the Hutus worked for the Tutsis, and the Germans implemented institutions to keep it that way. Germany colonized the region as German East Africa, which included today's Rwanda and Burundi. Some histories say that there was a eugenics angle to this, suggesting that the taller, stronger, lighter-skinned Tutsis were "more European" than the Hutus, and that they were therefore the "superior race," deserving of power and influence.
World War I was a generational crisis war for the Hutus and Tutsis, and when it ended, Germany lost control of German East Africa, with control given to Belgium in 1919. The Belgians continued to make the distinction between Tutsi and Hutu the basis of their colonial system. Finally, we have some records of what was going on, and we can see a typical generational Awakening era beginning in the 1930s, with the major event being a large Hutu revolt in 1934 in Ndora, a Rwanda farming community populated mainly by Hutu people.
What almost always happens in a country between generational crisis civil wars is that the two groups become peaceful at the climax of the first crisis war, but starting 15-20 years later, the youth from the first post-war generation start rioting and committing intermittent acts of violence. There follows decades of periods of violence alternating with "peace agreements." Each new period of violence is worse than the previous one.
By the 1960s, the periods of ethnic violence between the Hutus and the Tutsis were becoming chaotic. In July 1962, the two countries Rwanda and Burundi were formed, with Rwanda being a mostly Hutu nation, and Burundi being a mostly Tutsi nation. In December 1963, several hundred Tutsi guerrillas entered southern Rwanda from Burundi. The Rwandans referred to all Tutsis as "cockroaches," and the Rwandan army eliminated the intruders. Within days, some 14,000 Tutsis were massacred in southern Rwanda, in a coordinated campaign described by Bertrand Russell as 'the most horrible and systematic massacre' since the Holocaust.
Violence and peace agreements continued to alternate. In 1993, Rwanda's president Juvénal Habyarimana signed a peace agreement with Tutsi leaders known as the "Arusha accords," having been signed in Arusha, Tanzania.
The Arusha accords were never implemented. On April 6, 1994, a plane crash killed both Burundi's president Cyprien Ntayamira and Rwanda's president Juvénal Habyarimana. It's believed that the plane was shot down by a missile, with the Hutus and Tutsis blaming each other for the missile. That plane crash triggered the massive genocidal war between the Hutus and the Tutsis, killing 300,000 people in Burundi and close to a million people in Rwanda.
In 2005, new "Arusha Accords" were signed, this time by the people of Burundi, to settle the 1994 war. Those accords resulting in the creation of the 60-40 government of Hutus and Tutsis, respectively, and the selection of former Hutu militia leader Pierre Nkurunziza as president for two terms. His recent announcement that he will run for a third term has triggered new violence between Hutus and Tutsis.
Today, there are fears of a major new war between the Hutus and the Tutsis, but that's impossible at this time, because the countries are in a generational Awakening era. There will, of course, be outbreaks of ethnic violence, alternating with peace agreements, but nothing like the massive war that occurred in 1994. Burundi – Conflict Profile and A History of Hutu-Tutsi Conflict and History of Hutu – Tutsi Relations and UPenn – Burundi history History of Rwanda
KEYS: Generational Dynamics, Burundi, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of Congo, DRC, Pierre Nkurunziza, Hutus, Tutsis, Twa, Darfur, Central African Republic, ubuhake, German East Africa, Belgium, Arusha Accords, Tanzania, Cyprien Ntayamira, Juvénal Habyarimana
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National SecurityBelgiumBurundiCentral African RepublicDarfurDemocratic Republic of CongoDRCGenerational DynamicsHutusPierre NkurunzizaRwandaTanzaniaTutsis


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Геннадий Николаевич Тарханов (Тархнишвили) (8 сентября 1854 — ?) — российский и азербайджанский военачальник, генерал-лейтенант.

Биография
Родился 8 сентября 1854 года. Православный.

В службу вступил юнкером рядового звания 6 сентября 1871 года в Николаевское инженерное училище и выпущен 7 августа 1874 года подпоручиком во 2-й сапёрный батальон. В его составе участвовал в Русско-турецкой войне 1877—1878 года. 13 июля 1877 года произведён в поручики.

Окончил Николаевскую инженерную академию по 1-му разряду. Производитель работ Тифлисской инженерной дистанции 13 л. 10 м. 26 д. 6 декабря 1895 года произведён в подполковники. С 26 августа 1897 года по 27 марта 1900 года — помощник начальника Тифлисской инженерной дистанции. С 27 марта 1900 года — состоит в числе штаб-офицеров положенных по штату в распоряжении Главного инженерного управления. 9 апреля 1900 года произведён в полковники.

С 16 февраля 1904 года — начальник Тифлисской инженерной дистанции. 24 июня 1910 года — назначен помощником начальника инженеров Кавказского военного округа. С 1910 года — генерал-майор. 22 октября 1912 года назначен начальником Управления по квартирному довольствию войск Кавказского военного округа. С 1916 года — генерал-лейтенант.

В 1919 — 1920 годах на службе в армии АДР. Занимал должность начальника Инженерного управления. Был членом Военного совета.

В вооружённых силах Азербайджанской Республики с 18 февраля 1919 года, служил в должности командира 1-й батареи Отдельного гаубичного дивизиона сын Геннадия Николаевича, подполковник (с 24 марта 1920 года полковник) Евгений Тарханов.

Ссылки

 Адрес-календарь Азербайджанской Республики. — Баку, 1920

Примечания

Участники Русско-турецкой войны (1877—1878)
Военачальники Первой мировой войны
Генералы Азербайджанской Демократической Республики

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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EHR Data Analytics and Predictions: Machine Learning Methods
Machine Learning Overview
The meaning of machine learning (ML) might be different for people from different research and application fields. To simplify, here ML refers to a broad range of statistical and computational methods, theories, and tools for data exploration and analytics. In comparison with traditional statistical methods, ML approaches are primarily data-driven and may not rely on a pre-specified mechanistic model. With the goal of extracting hidden knowledge from data, usually the larger the number of samples available for learning tasks, the better the performance of ML algorithms. Thanks to its power and flexibility, ML becomes a popular choice for researchers and scientists in solving a variety of complex problems involving large datasets with a huge number of variables. In general, ML methods may be classified into several categories: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi- supervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
As described in Shobha and Rangaswamy (2018), supervised learning mainly adopts two types of techniques: 1) classification techniques, which are used to predict discrete responses (binary or multi-classes); e.g., the risk category of a patient to develop a certain disease or condition, and 2) regression techniques, which are mostly used to predict continuous responses; e.g., changes in a patient's vital signs (like blood pressure or body temperature). Examples of ML algorithms commonly used for classification and/or regression include к-nearest neighbor (KNN), Naive Bayes, linear models, bagged and boosted decision trees, random forests, support vector machine (SVM), and neural networks.
Nowadays, supervised learning has been broadly employed in the healthcare fields such as the diagnosis of diseases, disease risk prediction, or mortality/outcome prediction. A few examples include researchers using the rich information in EHR database to predict hospitalization due to heart diseases (Dai et al. 2015), forecasting the risk of type 2 diabetes (Mani et al. 2012), or predict 6-month mortality among cancer patients (Parikh et al. 2019). In the previous two chapters, we have discussed statistical methods, neural networks, and deep learning approaches for EHR data analysis and predictions. In this chapter, we focus on some select supervised learning techniques. We briefly describe these supervised learning techniques and then illustrate their usefulness via an EHR application project on mortality prediction for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. We will also compare the performance of these ML methods based on the SAH dataset.
In order to understand random forest, we need to start by defining the concept of a decision tree. Briefly, a decision tree is a decision-making tool that utilizes a branching, tree-like graph. Let S be the training set of n samples (xj, y:),..., (xn, yn), where Xj e X is the input instances, yt e Y are the class labels associated with each x:. A decision tree is a classifier, h: X -> Y, that predicts the label у of x by making a series of decisions along a tree structure. A typical decision-tree starts with the root node, the algorithm then assigns this node a label according to the majority vote among all attributes over the training set. As we move from the root node to the leaf node, a series of tests must be performed. For each test, we examine the effect of splitting a single branching node. The entropy (or gain) is used to help the algorithm find the best numerical or categorical feature to split from. The algorithm then looks at the improvement associated with the gain from each split; among all possible splits, we choose the one that maximizes the gain or we just stop if further splitting does not result in an increase in the gain. This process can also end if a pre-specified maximum depth of the tree is reached.
An example of a simple decision tree is shown in Figure 10.1. In order to check if a given patient has a certain disease or not, the decision tree first examines the lab result of that patient. If this result is in the normal range, then the tree immediately predicts that the patient does not have the disease and stops there. Otherwise, the tree moves to examine the medication that the patient is taking. If that patient takes a medication related to the disease, the tree predicts that the patient has the disease.
Many algorithms for learning decision trees have been developed, such as ID3 and C4.5 and CART algorithm. For additional reading, we refer the
FIGURE 10.1
A simplified example of a decision tree modified from Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David, 2014.
readers to the work by Hastie, Tibshirani, and Friedman (2009). Here we will look into ID3, which is a commonly used decision tree algorithm (Figure 10.2). Specifically, ID3 is built upon the concept of recursive calls as follows:
Pseudocode of ID3 algorithm modified from Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David (2014).
ID3 takes a training set S and a feature subset A as input. The algorithm calculates the Gain(S, i), which measures the probability of incorrectly classifying a randomly-chosen element in the dataset if it was randomly labeled according to the class distribution in the dataset. Then, the algorithm evaluates the gain of a split of the tree according to the ith feature and chooses the best split by maximizing the gain. In classification, we calculate the gain using the Gini impurity or entropy.
The decision tree is good for a dataset with a small number of features. However, for a dataset with a large feature space, algorithms like ID3 can return a large size and highly complex tree. Such a tree may predict a training data set well but perform poorly on a testing set, and thus incur the overfitting problem. To address this problem, the random forest (RF) algorithm was introduced by Breiman (2001). RF works by constructing an ensemble of trees. The prediction of the random forest is obtained by a majority vote over the predictions of the individual trees (Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David 2014) (Figure 10.3).
Specifically, given a training data set S = (xj, yf), ..., (x"" ym), we will implement a random forest algorithm as follows: First, we sample with a replacement on the training set S to get smaller subsets; then, we train a classification tree algorithm (such as ID3) on all those extracted subsets; Eventually, after we get all the predictions from individual trees, we take the majority vote to get the final prediction. Therefore, the training algorithm for random forests applies the general technique of bagging, or by bootstrapping sampling from the training set uniformly and with the replacement, to decision trees. (James, Witten, and Tibshirani 2013) This bagging method decreases the variance of the model and does not increase the bias. Hence, it helps in preventing the problem of overfitting from decision trees as mentioned earlier.
A simplified structure of random forest algorithm modified from Subramaniam and Kaur (2019).
Extremely Randomized Tree
Extremely randomized tree (ERT) has been introduced by Geurts, Ernst and Wehenkel (2006). ERT is a new tree-based algorithm that introduces randomness totally or partially on splits. In terms of computational cost, ERT can be more efficient than the random forest. When a large number of attributes are involved, the computational efficiency of ERT is even attractive and thus might be a suitable tool for EHR data analysis (for instance, one patient could have hundreds or even thousands of laboratory tests, clinical procedures, and/or medications; therefore, the data dimension is often extremely high). There are two main differences that distinguish random forest from ERT: i) for the ERT algorithm, each split is chosen at random, while each split is optimal in the random forest method. Consecutively, the trees built in ERT are more diverse, ii) each tree in ERT is built by using the entire learning sample while in the random forest, each decision tree is built by a bootstrapped learning sample.
The variance of a single tree can be high and using ensemble methods could reduce such variance. Among the ensemble methods, the amount of reduction in variance introduced by bagging is less than that of random forest and ERT because averaging highly correlated trees (as in the bagging approach) will have less variance reduction than averaging uncorrelated trees. The ERT has a tendency to strongly reduce variance at the cost of increasing bias. In practice, one needs to find the best balance between variance and bias, which is called bias and variance trade-off. Overfitting is a common problem for decision tree models, especially when a tree has many levels. To address this issue, the recommended approach is to use the bagging method described earlier in the section of random forest.
Gradient Boosting
What is boosting? Simply put, it is a committee-based procedure like bagging. In the bagging approach, we calculate the average of all the predictions from bootstrap sampling. Therefore, bagging is parallelizable. However, boosting is a sequential method and cannot be parallelized in the same way as bagging (i.e., the residuals from the previous iteration are inputs to the current iteration). It takes the outputs of many weak classification models (usually decision trees) and combines them to form a more powerful "committee".
In gradient boosting, we build an ensemble of decision trees in a stage- wise fashion and use a functional gradient descent (FGD) procedure to minimize the loss. In FGD, we parametrize the trees and reduce the residual loss at each step by moving in the direction suggested by the gradient descent algorithm. (Hastie, Tibshirani and Friedman 2009).
Gradient-boosting(S, L, M)
Input: Training set S = {(*;,Уг)}?=1> loss function Цу, F(x)), number of iterations M
Algorithm:
1. Initialize model with Fo(x) = argmin £"=1 L(y;, y)
2. From m = 1 to M:
1. Compute the residuals:
f°ri = 1.....»
L SF(Xl) JFW=FmlM
2. Fit a base learner (such as decision tree) hm(x) to the residuals for training.
3. Compute multiplier ym by solving the optimization function:
Ym = argmin £?=iL(yi, + yV(*i))
4. Update the model:
Fm(x) — Fm_ j(x) + Ym^miP^i)
Output: FM(x)
Pseudocode of gradient boosting modified from Hastie, Tibshirani, and Friedman (2009).
In the pseudo-code in Figure 10.4, it can be seen that by inserting different loss criteria L(y, f(x))Uy, fix)), we can do a customized implementation for gradient boosting.
Boosting is a very popular and effective machine learning method and is usually employed as a benchmark approach. Recall that boosting is an ensemble method, but instead of training all models parallelly, it builds models in a sequential manner such that the new models are built to correct the errors made by its predecessor.
Before getting into the details, it is necessary to point out that gradient tree boosting is the same as Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) or gradient boosted regression tree (GBRT), and XGBoost is the nickname for eXtreme Gradient Boosting. XGBoost was proposed by Tianqi Chen in a research project as part of the Distributed (Deep) Machine Learning Community (DMLC) group (Chen et al. 2015). Boosting can be very slow in training time because it needs to sequentially train and build models; hence, such methods are not easily scalable. Thus, XGBoost focuses on both execution speed and model performance. XGBoost can do parallel tree construction and out-of-core computation for big datasets that do not even fit in available memory. Technically, XGBoost is a regularized method so it can control overfitting and may have better performance. In addition, XGBoost introduces a new sparsity aware algorithm, learning from the data in the optimal way to deal with missing values and to handle different kinds of sparsity patterns in a unified manner (e.g., the sparsity due to missing values, frequent zero entries, or artifacts caused by one-hot encoding). With many attractive features introduced into regular gradient boosting, XGBoost provides a parallel tree boosting solution to many data science problems in an efficient way.
Support Vector Machine (SVM)
The SVM algorithm was introduced for the first time in the "Statistical learning theory frameworks" paper by Vapnik (1995). Cortes and Vapnik (1995) later used SVM for binary classification problems. Later, the SVM framework has been significantly extended to various problems, including regression, ranking and clustering.
In many machine learning tasks, we often face the problem of sample complexity as the dimensionality of the feature space goes higher. The SVM algorithm tackles the sample complexity problem by finding the half-space separators.
We can look at the simple example in Figure 10.5, from which we can tell that the blue and red hyperplanes together separate the example data points of two different clusters (in green and yellow colors, respectively). We call those hyperplane lines the half-space separators.
In order to pick the optimal half-space, we need to maximize the margin of two clusters. From the example above, we would prefer the blue
A simplified example of SVM modified from Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David (2014).
hyperplane since the blue line has a larger margin which means better separation. The margin is defined to be the minimal distance between a point in the training set and the hyperplane.
Hard-SVM is the learning algorithm that will run through the training set to find and return a half-space with the largest margin (a hyperplane that best separates the training set into predefined classes). The pseudo-code for hard SVM is described in Figure 10.6.
Intuitively, w is the margin and b is the bias, hard-SVM searches for the w of a minimal norm among all the vectors that separate the data, for which | (w, Xj) + b | > 1 for all i. From there, the output of hard-SVM is indeed the separating hyperplane with the largest margin. In other words, finding the largest margin half-space becomes the problem of finding w whose norm is minimal.
Hard-SVM formulation requires a strict condition that the training set is linearly separable, which is usually not the case for real-world data. When the training set is homogenous but not linearly separable, soft-SVM is more suitable. We can view soft-SVM as a less restrictive version of Hard-SVM that can work even if the training set is not linearly separable.
As described in Shalev-Shwartz, and Ben-David (2014), the optimization function in Equation (10.1) in Figure 10.6 enforces the hard constraint yf{w, Xj) + b) z 1 for all i. To address this, soft-SVM allows this constraint to be relaxed at some data points in the training set. This can be modeled by introducing non-negative slack variables, £ with i - 1, which
measures to what extent the constraint у ((w, x,) + b) £ 1 is being violated. Then, the algorithm replaces each constraint y; ((w, x,) + b) z 1 by i/fizo, X,-) + b) 2 1 — as in function (10.2) in Figure io.7. Soft-SVM jointly minimizes the norm of w (e margin) and the average of (the violations of the constraints). A parameter X controls the tradeoff between these two terms. The pseudo-code for soft-SVM is as in Figure 10.7.
We see that a Soft-SVM algorithm uses regularized loss minimization for Equation (10.2) in Figure 10.7 so that it can penalize not only training errors. Therefore, soft-SVM is often used to deal with a homogenous half-space. For further details, please refer to Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David (2014).
Pseudocode of hard SVM modified from Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David (2014).
Pseudocode of soft SVM modified from Shalev-Shwartz and Ben-David (2014).
For non-linear and inseparable data, we need to use the Kernel trick to help SVM's to form nonlinear boundaries. How does the Kernel trick work? First, the original data are passed through non-linear maps to form new data in a high-dimensional space. Then, we perform a function to take a dot product of the data after doing non-linear mapping on it. This function is the kernel function (Jakkula 2011). Different SVM algorithms use different types of kernel functions such as linear, nonlinear, sigmoid, polynomial, and radial basis function (RBF). The most popular one is RBF since it localizes and limits the response along the entire x-axis. (Hill and Lewicki 2006).
Big Data Analytics Process Using Machine Learning
Modern machines with large computational capabilities can analyze the volumetric data center and use approximate correlation models. Big-data technique has the ability to accurately affect machine learning skills and enable instantaneous decision making to improve overall operational performance and...
(Distributed Artificial Intelligence:A Modern Approach)
Empirical Prediction Ability of the Machine Learning Methods
Overall discrimination results of the machine learning methods were indicated in Table 2. Calculated confusion matrices of the data sets were indicated in Table 3 (inaccurate predictions are colored with gray). "Accuracy" indicates the ratio of true positive against the entire number of samples....
(Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering)
A. Machine learning: a brief overview
Some machines can learn the same way that humans do—through experience. A child can learn to tell the difference between cats and dogs by receiving instructions from an adult about features relevant to distinguishing cats and dogs, looking at photographs with cats and dogs, and receiving feedback:...
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Machine learning in architecture: an overview of existing tools
llija Vukorep and Anatolii Kotov While there is a broad spectrum ot architectural design and analysis methods, machine learning (ML) tools are filling a narrow niche commonly used by architects with affiliation to software and programming. While some bigger architectural offices are running a computational...
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Systematic Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Identification of miRNA Species
as Disease Biomarkers Abstract. Micro RNA (miRNA) plays important roles in a variety of biological processes and can act as disease biomarkers. Thus, establishment of discovery methods to detect disease-related miRNAs is warranted. Human omics data including miRNA expression profiles have orders of magnitude...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: O que são os observables? Gostaria q pudessem me explicar oq são os observables no Angular. Quais as suas diferenças pra uma promise?

A: Observables tem a função de avisar/notificar o angular sempre que ocorre uma alteração neles, por isso é muito comum utilizarmos Observables para as requisições http por exemplo. Ele é bem parecido com uma promise, ambos são assícronos, mas a diferença é que ele pode ser constante, ele pode notificar o angular varias vezes durante seu ciclo.
Recomendo que você faça  este curso sobre angular. É muito bom! Para mim, é o melhor da internet.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Andes – miasto w Kolumbii, w departamencie Antioquia.

Miasta w Kolumbii


text:
Cheshire - Cholmondeley Castle 10k 2018
Steph's Race for Life
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E20 1JQ


Nov 8, 2018 - EdgeConneX (edgeconnex.com), a company specializing in global data center solutions at the edge of the network, has acquired Linxdatacenter's facility in Warsaw, Poland. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Linxdatacenter is a global provider of "high-end" colocation, cloud and connectivity solutions for businesses. Linxdatacenter operates its data centers since 2001 and runs businesses in Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, Asia and the Nordics.
Mar 30, 2019 - Cloud Platform Russia-based Linxdatacenter Now Certified by SAP - Linxdatacenter, an international provider of colocation, cloud and connectivity solutions, with data centers located in Moscow (linxdatacenter.com) and St. Petersburg, Russia as well as a partner facility in Warsaw, Poland, has announced that its cloud and infrastructure solutions have now been certified by SAP.
As part of its strategic development as a cloud solutions provider, Linxdatacenter has passed the audit for meeting requirement of SAP, one of the leading enterprise IT companies worldwide.


I was pumped about this year's Montreal Audio Fest, the city's 30th consecutive audio show, for a couple of reasons. First, I was pumped because I was covering the show for Stereophile with the estimable Art Dudley, and, second, because after last year's debacle that saw the show being unceremoniously cancelled by then-fest organizers/owners, the Chester Group, then resurrected by previous and self-re-instated show organisers, Michel Plante and Sarah Tremblay, the event's rapid revival was proof to me that the Montreal audio show still has legs and a purpose.
Stepping off the 10th floor elevator into the warm environs of wafting musical melodies and people chattering gleefully about all matters audio-related, I immediately felt at home. Audio shows are an extension of my natural habitat—these are my people, audio is our thing—and I was in the mood for some hedonistic audio fun.
The first system I listened to contained a modern mix of the ultra new and the old: a Lumin U1 network music player ($CDN7500)/Auris D1D DAC ($CDN3000) conbo feeding a tube-based Auris Piano Preamplifier ($CDN3000) and a pair of push-pull Auris Forte 150 mono amplifiers ($CDN20,000/pair), so-numbered not for their power output, which is rated at 100Wpc (impedance not stated), but for the type of tube they use—the mighty KT150.
Speakers were the Delta ($CDN9000/pair), made by the long-established French company Triangle, a brand whose speakers are known to forsake some midband warmth for a more tactile, clean, and lively sound, such as the one being reproduced by this setup.
I then visited the Arcam/Revel room, sponsored by audio wholesale distributor Erikson Consumer, wherein I had my fancy caught by two systems. The showcase system—the piece de resistance at center stage— comprised a pair of Revel Performa F208 speakers ($CDN7000/pair), an Arcam CDS 27 streamer/CD player ($CDN1300), and an Arcam SR250 class-G integrated amplifier ($CDN5500, to be reviewed by Kal Rubinson in our June issue). When I asked the genial representative to explain to me what class-G is, he said that it's a cross performance-wise between class-A/B and class-D. Some subsequent Googling on my part revealed that a class-G design uses multiple power supply rails, rather than one, to improve efficiency.
The second Arcam/Revel system was on static display, cast to the side away from the limelight. Yet what immediately attracted me to this system was how compact, simple to use, and smartly designed it seemed to be, while offering a good deal of features. The heart of this setup was the Arcam Solo Music system, an integrated amp ($CDN3000) that works as a CD player and streamer, supports SACD, and has 4 HDMI inputs. Flanking it were a pair of stand-mount Revel Concerta 2 M16s ($CDN1400/pair). Not enough bass? No problem. Add the matching Revel B10 10" powered sub ($CDN2300) and you've got a near full-range system.


text:
by Amaya Marie
Derrick sighed with satisfaction as he stepped out from the airport. It was around the end of the year, so the snows came down heavily. He blew hot air into his cold palms and rubbed them together as he hailed a cab.
"Blake Avenue, sir", Derrick smiled as he tossed his suitcase into the back.
"Get in man, Merry Christmas", Christmas had gone already, but it was still okay to be in the festive spirit. Derrick returned the compliments of the season as he zoomed off.
Derrick looked around the city as they drove, he had been away for almost five years, and he really missed the city of his birth. He made sure the driver took a long drive around the city, he wanted to see almost every part of it. He particularly missed Meghan, the love of his life. He had told her he was coming, but not when exactly, he wanted it to be a surprise.
"Keep the change man", Derrick smiled as he stepped down from the cab. He took a long look at Meghan's house, it still looked the same except for few adjustments here and there. He picked up his suitcase and walked towards the front door.
"Who's there?", he had heard Meghan's voice over the phone and in video calls a billion times already, but hearing her once again in real life, it sent chilled down his spine, he was really anxious to see her. He didn't say anything, he just kept knocking gently until he heard her approaching footsteps.
"Haaaaaaa!", she shrieked with joy as she saw him, both of them tumbling back into the pool of snow behind him as she jumped on him. They both laughed as they stood up, Derrick wiping a teat from the corner of her eye as he pulled her into a tight embrace.
"I missed you honey", the words flowed out softly as Meghan planted a wet kiss on his lips, she had waited for years to do that again.
"I missed you too", Derrick replied as they went inside, they had a lot to catch up on.
"Which hotel are you staying?", Meghan was blushing as she asked, she couldn't just take her eyes off him.
"After all these years, I'm definitely spending New Year's Eve with you", he smiled as he moved closer to her and kissed her again. She was really happy to hear that, it was written all over her.
"I'll order some Chinese then, we have a lot to talk about", she smiled as she picked up her phone.
Both of them settled on the couch after she had ordered, they indeed had a lot to catch up on. Although they talked on the phone and had video calls every single day, they still wanted to talk. She wanted him to recap all the years he had spent away. They continued their discussion over the food after it had arrived, Meghan grabbing a chilled bottle of red wine to go with it as they chatted ad laughed.
"Why didn't you come back for a bit during one of those summers?", Meghan asked as she snuggled closer to him, the temperature had dropped again, so it was really cold.
"I wanted to, but I just had a lot going on", he replied gently as he kissed her forehead. It was about 11:30pm, few minutes until the new year, and they were just there, cuddled up in each other's arms and savoring the moment.
There was silence between them. Not the awkward type, but the type that brought them closer. Meghan looked up to him as he held her closer, her eyes searching his as they locked gazes. He had changed much. He was somewhat taller and leaner, his muscles more defined, and he had a beard now. But he was still the same man she loved, and the one that loved her back.
She closed her eyes as she anticipated his kiss, her arms circling his neck as he brought his lips down on hers. He tugged at her lower lip as he sought permission, his hands moving to explore her body as their mouths made love. She parted her lips for him easily, his tongue moving into her mouth as they came together in a sumptuous French kiss. The passion that had built up between them was wild, years and years of waiting and desire had finally led them here. He led her up to her room, his mouth still on hers as he danced his hands around her body.
He began to strip her slowly, her clothes going off one by one until she was naked. He peeled his own clothes away too, the sheets rustling under them as they settled on the bed. He kept on kissing her, his erect cock pressing into her thigh as he settled in between her legs. She bit into her lower lip, stifling a moan as he began to explore. She tilted her head back, giving more room to work with as he kissed her neck. He kissed down to her chest, his fingers trailing the pretty freckles around there as he feasted on her dark, puffy nipples.
"Oh...fuck!", she moaned out as he eased his huge cock into her wet pussy. She had waited for years, and he was all she hoped that he would be. She closed her eyes, her ankles digging into his buttocks as she took all his inches in her. She moved with him as he went to work, her body matching him thrust for thrust as they made love.
He filled her up, stretching her out completely as she adjusted to his size. He started out slowly at first, his cock rolling in and out of her gently. He picked pace gradually, her moans getting louder and louder as they played out their desires. Their wet bodies slammed together now, over and over again as they pushed themselves to the limit.
"Damn...I missed you!", Meghan commented as she came, her whole body vibrating as the intensity washed over her. Derrick came with her, sharp grunts escaping his lips as he spread his warm semen into her for the first time in a long time.
Derrick's eyes darted towards the bedside clock as he slipped his limp cock out of her it was 12:01am!
"Happy New Year love", he ushered in another year as he kissed her softly.
"Happy New Year baby", she replied as they cuddled up together naked.


What are some of your favorite coloring pages or coloring book pages? Comic Relief 2013 Coloring Pages like this one that feature a nice message are an awesome way to relax and indulge in your coloring hobby. When you direct this focus on Comic Relief 2013 Coloring Pages pictures you can experience similar benefits to those experienced by people in meditation. www.cooloring.club hope that you enjoyed these Comic Relief 2013 Coloring Pages designs, we really enjoyed finding them for you and as always Happy Coloring! Don't forget to share Comic Relief 2013 Coloring Pages images with others via Twitter, Facebook, G+, Linkedin and Pinterest, or other social medias!
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Q: How to sort custom classes in datatable cell in datagrid with autogenerate columns I have DataGrid with DataTable ItemSource.
In  DataTable cells there are myClass objects with displayField property for display data and sorting.
Here I try to set correct SortMemberPath value:
private void profileStat_AutoGeneratingColumn(object sender, DataGridAutoGeneratingColumnEventArgs e)
        {
                e.Column.SortMemberPath =  "displayField";
                e.Column.CanUserSort = true;
        }

Now I am getting an error:
The type "" does not have a property named "displayField", therefore no sorting of the data family is possible. '

A: You should show us that myClass class code. Are you sure the field displayField is a property?
it should look like this:
public string displayField { get; set; }

Note that it must be public.

A: I found this solution
private void DataGrid_Sorting(object sender, DataGridSortingEventArgs e)
        {
            DataView data = ((DataView)((DataGrid)sender).ItemsSource).Table.ApplySort((r1, r2) =>{ //sort realization });

            ((DataGrid)sender).ItemsSource = data;
        }

Thanks to:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.data.dataview.sort?view=netframework-4.8
https://stackoverflow.com/a/582499/5261588


text:
Ким Мён Гиль (; 16 октября 1984, Пхеньян, КНДР) — северокорейский футболист, вратарь клуба «Амноккан». Выступал в сборной КНДР.

Карьера

Клубная
С 2004 года выступает в Северокорейской лиге за пхеньянский клуб «Амноккан», который становился чемпионом страны в 2006 году, а также вице-чемпионом в 2007 и 2009 годах.

В сборной
В составе главной национальной сборной КНДР выступает с 2005 года, сыграл 5 матчей, в которых пропустил 9 мячей, в отборочном турнире к чемпионату мира 2006 года.

В 2010 году Ким был включён в заявку команды на финальный турнир чемпионата мира в ЮАР. Перед первым матчем на турнире Мён Гиль покинул расположение команды; некоторыми предполагалось, что он и ещё три игрока сборной попросили в ЮАР политического убежища. Позже ФИФА сообщила, что у корейской делегации все игроки находятся в команде. На турнире, однако, Ким не сыграл ни разу.

Достижения
 «Амроккан»
 Чемпион КНДР (1): 2006
 Вице-чемпион КНДР (2): 2007, 2009

Примечания

Ссылки

Футболисты КНДР
Игроки сборной КНДР по футболу
Игроки ФК «Амноккан»


text:
Tag: Cape Code
Pan Mass Challenge
Published on June 19, 2010 by Molly3 Comments
Pan Mass Challenge – 2010
Nearly 3 years have passed since I first decided to participate in the Pan Mass Challenge. A lot has happened to me in those three years: I moved from Boston to New York, I changed jobs two times, and after dating for 8.5 years, Matt and I finally got engaged. Our world has also seen a lot of changes in those last three years: We have a new president; Oprah announced her retirement and the economy took a turn for the worst. Our country has been forced to rethink its priorities and expectations; however, one thing that has remained constant is our desire to improve, both as individuals and as a country.
The Pan Mass is an organization that has been striving for improvement for more than 30 years. Through fundraising efforts, the Pan Mass has raised more than 270 million dollars for cancer research and treatment. Over the years, the survival rate for cancer has steadily risen as the technology, treatments and understanding of this disease has changed and increased. What sets the Pan Mass Challenge apart from other fundraising efforts is their ability to pass 100% of its donations directly on to the Dana Farber Center. With their proven track record and millions of supporters, the PMC has become the most successful athletic fundraiser in the world. It is something that I believe in whole-heartedly and something that has had a very real impact on my family's life this year.
A few weeks after last year's PMC my mother was diagnosed with thyroid cancer. They caught it early, treated it quickly and while her "battle" against cancer was a very real one, it was also a very small dose of the battles that so many other individuals and families are fighting. Although my mother was not treated at the Dana Farber Center, I am certain that the contributions that the Pan Mass, and other organizations like them, have made over the years, have led to large advances in cancer prevention, screening and treatment. Seeing, and experiencing firsthand, the good that can come from something so simple has inspired me to ride in the Pan Mass Challenge for a third year.
This year, Matt, my sister and my mom, will ride with me and we will all be riding the two-day route from Sturbridge to Provincetown. As we pedal across the state, we will be surrounded by other riders and volunteers, whose lives have been touched by cancer as well. Some of these people will have stories with happy endings and others will have stories that are now only memories. But together, we hope to fight back against cancer. I hope that you can support me in this fight.
Please visit my profile to make a donation here: http://www.pmc.org/egifts/MB0342
Categories Random Thoughts•Tags Bike Ride, Biking, Bourne, Cancer, Cancer Research, Cape Code, Cycling, Dana Farber, Family, Fundraiser, Jimmy Fund, MA, Mass, Massachusetts, Pan Mass Challenge, Pan Mass Challenge 2010, PMC, PMC 2010, Provincetown, Sturbridge
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06-10-2017 | EYE ON GREECE | EU
Kotzias talks EU prospects with neighboring diplomats
The region's European Union prospects were at the heart of the discussion Thursday between Greek Foreign Minister Nikos Kotzias and his counterparts from Albania, Bulgaria and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM).
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222212/article/ekathimerini/news/kotzias-talks-eu-prospects-with-neighboring-diplomats
Commuters face confusion over electronic tickets
There was confusion Thursday at metro stations in Athens after Transport Minister Christos Spirtzis ordered the full activation of the new electronic system and an end to sales of some paper tickets.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222215/article/ekathimerini/news/commuters-face-confusion-over-electronic-tickets
Church opposes gender ID bill
In signs of a mounting clash between the Church of Greece and the leftist-led government, the Holy Synod on Thursday appealed to Greek politicians to revoke a controversial draft bill that would grant individuals the right to change their gender identity.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222218/article/ekathimerini/news/church-opposes-gender-id-bill
MEP hits back at criticism from Tsipras adviser
Former SYRIZA MEP Costas Chrysogonos on Thursday accused Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras of adopting a strategy that is "essentially Stalinist" in nature.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222208/article/ekathimerini/news/mep-hits-back-at-criticism-from-tsipras-adviser
ELA ceiling for Greek banks eases by one bln€ to €32.6 bln
The Bank of Greece (BoG) on Thursday announced that the governing council of the ECB acquiesced to a reduction of the ELA ceiling for Greek banks by one billion euros.
http://www.naftemporiki.gr/story/1282316/ela-ceiling-for-greek-banks-eases-by-one-bln-to-326-bln
Deposits grow, as does ECB pressure on local banks
Confidence is slowly building among bank depositors, as figures for September showed an increase in the Greek bank account balance, but local lenders are now under pressure to step up the pace in tackling bad loans.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222186/article/ekathimerini/business/deposits-grow-as-does-ecb-pressure-on-local-banks
Greece's Eurobank to sell 1.5-bln-euro bad loans pool to Intrum
Eurobank, Greece's third largest lender, said on Thursday it will sell a 1.5-billion-euro pool of non-performing loans to Sweden's Intrum, as part of efforts to reduce its load of sour debt and meet targets agreed with regulators.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222194/article/ekathimerini/business/greeces-eurobank-to-sell-15-bln-euro-bad-loans-pool-to-intrum
ATHEX: No respite for local stocks
Greek stocks continued to drift lower on Thursday on the absence of any positive news that might help them to claw back recent losses that have seen the gains notched up in previous weeks evaporate. Trading volume remained low.
http://www.ekathimerini.com/222217/article/ekathimerini/business/athex-no-respite-for-local-stocks
KATHIMERINI: Unionists block the electronic ticket in public transport
ETHNOS: The party with ghost businesses in Bulgaria is over
TA NEA: The government confesses to embezzling pensions
EFIMERIDA TON SYNTAKTON: Questionnaire for employers by New Democracy which has fully adopted the IMF's proposals regarding labor rules
AVGI: Dated complaints about the bill on gender selection
RIZOSPASTIS: The monopolies' strategy is to create a jungle-like labor market
KONTRA NEWS: Tender for TV licenses has been launched
DIMOKRATIA: Which church bishops are gay?
NAFTEMPORIKI: The controls for tax returns are going to take place in 5 steps
14TH EU-INDIA SUMMIT IN NEW DELHI TODAY: The big question is whether stalled free trade talks recommence. The EU is India's largest export destination. If talks can be restarted, the prize for the EU is shunting the U.K. to the side in yet another trade contest. The other hot button issue discussed will be the Rohingya crisis in Myanmar and Bangladesh as well as the work on global compacts for migration and for refugees.
The big name players at the table today are European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker, the EU's top diplomat Federica Mogherini, European Council President Donald Tusk and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The EU-India Business Forum will also run. EU fact sheet here.
Religious freedom campaign body ADF International said: "Europe should not turn a blind eye to the growing persecution of religious minorities in India." The group accuses India of "government-condoned violence against Muslims and Christians" and says "religious freedom needs to become a precondition to economic cooperation."
CHINA LOOKS WEST — ENTER THE DRAGON: In POLITICO's latest China Looks West feature, Laurens Cerulus and Jakob Hanke report that Chinese investment in crisis-hit countries gives Beijing influence at the European Union's top table. Worth checking out for the amazing artwork alone.
COMMISSION — SWIMMING IN OCEANS OF MONEY: The European Union Thursday pledged €560 million for research, environmental initiatives and various protections for the world's oceans. Speaking at the Our Ocean conference in Malta, Federica Mogherini said the EU wants to protect the seas from further deterioration and promote a sustainable economy. Commission First Vice President Frans Timmermans will join the conference today and announce his European plastics strategy, meeting also with conference initiator John Kerry. Timmermans told Playbook: "If oceans are at risk, so are we."
LATEST EU CONFIDENTIAL PODCAST — WITH TELIA CEO JOHAN DENNELIND …
Listen immediately | Download to listen offline via iTunes.
We discuss re-engineering German growth with Matthew Karnitschnig, via POLITICO's first Global Policy Lab, a journalism collaboration between POLITICO writers, experts and our readers. Telia CEO Johan Dennelind says telecoms connects everyone, meaning he has both a business and social obligation to commit to projects like the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. Dennelind pitches Stockholm as second only to Silicon Valley in the global start-up race, rejects French President Emmanuel Macron's idea of an EU agency for disruptive innovation, and says that while the telecoms industry needs to be less whiny with regulators, they need to change too.
UNDER THE RADAR — COMMISSIONER ELŻBIETA BIEŃKOWSKA GOES NUCLEAR: Bieńkowska, the European commissioner for the internal market from Poland, is usually careful not to bad-mouth the Polish government in public, despite Warsaw's growing strains with Brussels. POLITICO's Jan Cienski tells Playbook she let loose at the recent European Forum for New Ideas in the Polish Baltic resort town of Sopot.
Poland now under unshakeable suspicion: "We will never have as strong a negotiating position as we used to have," she said, referring to the period before the current Law and Justice government took power in late 2015. Even a change of government after an election in 2019 won't help. "No matter what happens with the government, we'll always be treated with suspicion." She said in Brussels, "Poland's voice is completely unheard, and it's the fault of the government. It's in every single sphere."
Bieńkowska blamed the government for violating EU values and ignoring verdicts from the European Court of Justice, which poses "a greater danger for the EU than Brexit." She also warned of the danger of a two-speed Europe, which leaves countries like Poland on the periphery of a more tightly integrated bloc. Bieńkowska, who was a deputy prime minister in Poland's former center-right government and came to Brussels along with her boss Donald Tusk, now president of the European Council, said Warsaw's foreign policy has left the country isolated. "Poland has abdicated its role as leader of this part of Europe. It will take a very long time — and I think never — to rebuild its position."
COUNCIL — TUSK PLANS FOR OCTOBER LEADERS' SUMMIT: A well-placed EU source tells Playbook Donald Tusk is in rapid diplomacy mode this week. He consulted Benelux leaders earlier this week, having already met with Estonia, Croatia and Bulgaria. He's been pushing Macron-style reform and energy in those meetings. Plan A is full EU consensus, with an open door "enhanced cooperation" among most EU countries if consensus on a given issue is not possible.
COUNCIL — EU HEADS TO CAPITOL HILL TO SAVE IRAN DEAL: POLITICO Pro's Andrew Hanna and Katy O'Donnell report from Washington: Diplomats from the U.K., France, Germany and the EU delegations are on the Hill doing a full-court press to try to save the Iran nuclear deal this week. The Europeans are meeting with leaders from both parties to dissuade them from taking up legislation that could upend the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, should the White House refuse to certify the deal.
COUNCIL — DIGITAL MINISTERS MEET, AGAIN: An EU presidency e-government conference takes place in Tallinn today. Watch the live stream. The main outcome will be the Tallinn Declaration on e-Government.
PARLIAMENT — THE NEW TREND: BANNING LOBBYISTS. Corporate lobbyists who don't show the European Parliament sufficient respect face having the doors slammed in their faces by MEPs, report Harry Cooper and Quentin Ariès for all POLITICO Pro subscribers.
PARLIAMENT — THE TALE OF THE HUNGARIAN MEP ACCUSED OF SPYING FOR RUSSIA: Béla Kovács, known to many as "KGBéla," rose from nowhere in the far-right Jobbik party. Then colleagues and journalists started to question that 'nowhere' past, a complicated exercise in a country with deep links to Russia. This is what they found.
PARTY PEOPLE — EPP MEETS AFRICAN POLITICIANS: This weekend European People's Party MEPs will meet center-right African politicians from 13 countries in Sierra Leone ahead of the EU-Africa Union summit.
THE NETHERLANDS — MARK RUTTE'S LAST DANCE: Tom-Jan Meeus explains that while Prime Minister Mark Rutte is due to officially announce early next week that he will lead a government made up of four parties with vastly different political beliefs, it's a very uneasy coalition. "The prime minister's political career and the fate of the Dutch model of governing by consensus are both on the line."
ROMANIA TURNS AGAINST SAME-SEX MARRIAGE: Claudia Ciobanu for POLITICO writes that the Romanian constitution's gender-neutral formulation on marriage, which defines it as a union "between spouses," has left the legislative door open to legalizing gay marriage. But campaign groups, including churches, want to slam that door shut.
CATALAN CRISIS CORNER …
Banks pile pressure on Catalan government and move HQs: The executive board of Spain's fourth-largest financial company, Banco Sabadell, based in Barcelona, decided Thursday to move its official registration out of Catalonia to the city of Alicante. Today the executive board of the country's third-biggest lender, Caixabank, also based in Catalonia, will reportedly meet to consider a similar move. Diego Torres has the story.
Spanish Constitutional Court blocks Catalan parliament session: The court Thursday ordered the Catalan regional parliament to suspend a session scheduled for next Monday, when lawmakers were expected to vote on a declaration of independence from Spain. The Socialist Party of Catalonia, which is opposed to independence, asked the court to take action against the parliamentary session.
Former Spanish PM slams Mariano Rajoy: José María Aznar criticized his successor's handling of the Catalan crisis, saying he had misunderstood "nationalist dynamics" and the "revolutionary experiment" currently underway in Barcelona. h/t the Spain Report
Support for mediation: Jonathan Powell, Tony Blair's former chief of staff, instrumental in the Northern Ireland peace agreement, writes in the FT that similar talks are the only way out of the Catalan crisis.
The people who want to break up Spain: A profile by the BBC of Catalan President Carles Puigdemont. The Financial Times profiles the Popular Unity Candidacy, a small radical party that's helping drive the independence movement.
BREXIT 360° …
May's future: Theresa May remains prime minister of the U.K. not because her colleagues or the country like it, but because Conservative MPs worry the process of replacing her (not to mention her successor) would simply cause more trouble. The only person who will force May out is herself. Charlie Cooper has all the juice.
May's second lesson in post-Brexit trade realpolitik: America's reaction to a joint U.K.-EU plan that London hoped would allow a smooth Brexit transition at the World Trade Organization shows it will prioritize economic interests over its "special relationship" with Britain, writes Hans von der Burchard.
EU ambassadors to discuss Brexit today: The meeting begins at 10:15 a.m. and the above-mentioned joint EU-U.K. proposal will be a key agenda item.
Institute for Government report: The think tank in its Dispute Resolution after Brexit report, to be released today, argues London should either sign up to the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) court — and add British judges to it — or come up with new proposals for a dispute resolution system.
Barnier movements update: The European Commission, after Thursday's Playbook, updated Brexit negotiator Michel Barnier's transparency register entry to acknowledge he attended the Cercle Royal Gaulois Artistique et Littéraire. A spokesperson said "meetings that Michel Barnier has with stakeholders are published in his transparency register. This is in line with the Commission's decision on the publication of information on meetings held between directors-general of the Commission and organizations or self-employed individuals." Next stop: finding out who deputy negotiator Sabine Weyand is meeting.
CZECH ELECTION: If it were up to high school students, Pirates would rule the Czech Republic. According to a simulated election involving 40,068 students from 281 schools, the Pirates would win 24.5 percent of the vote, double that of the liberal ANO and right-wing TOP parties. The ruling Social Democrats would be eliminated.
BEYOND EUROPE …
GUN LOBBY SPENDING: Our POLITICO colleagues in Washington report the U.S. National Rifle Association gave $5.9 million in campaign contributions to Republican candidates in the 2016 election cycle, compared with $106,000 to Democrats.
HOW TOM PRICE'S RESIGNATION HAPPENED: Our colleagues across the pond, health care reporters Dan Diamond and Rachana Pradhan, reveal how they investigated former Health Secretary Tom Price's private jet scandal, leading to his resignation.
JOHN KELLY'S PRIVATE PHONE COMPROMISED: White House officials believe U.S. President Donald Trump's chief of staff John Kelly's personal cellphone was compromised, potentially as long ago as December.


I'm a business analyst at Kaiser Permanente.
Running, exploring California, trying all the vegan restaurants.
No! My first practice was the first time I'd ever worn quad skates.
What's your pump up song?
Not to brag, but I can recite all of the words to every rap song ever made.
If you had a secret power, what would it be?
To make food I see on the internet magically appear in front of me to eat.
Who is your derby crush?
When I moved here from NY last summer, I was looking for a sport near my house to join to make some friends. This was the coolest sport that came up on the Google.
What's the story behind your derby name? How did you pick yours? What's the meaning behind your number?
There's not really a story. I love trash TV and I live for the drama, so a Kardashian seemed like a logical fit.
Getting whipped by Super D in our last game was pretty awesome.
I have so many friends! I can be really introverted and it can take me a long time to get comfortable around new people, but OCRD has been really welcoming and great.
What one piece of gear would you recommend?
Don't overthink it! You'll be glad you joined.


text:
Q: Redirecting to particular page after authentication from views.py I have three Html pages home.html, destination.html and login.html.
Home.html has only a button,if I click on this button and if the user is authenticated than he will be redirected to destination.html otherwise to  login.html (I am using builtin login function and that's working properly), When user is logged in the particular username appears on home.html page,but when I click again on button it redirects again to the login.html.
views.py
This is views section for home.html and destination.html, I have use builtin function for authentication.
from django.contrib import auth
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated

def home(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        user = auth.authenticate()
        if user is IsAuthenticated:
            return render(request, 'destination.html')
        else:
            return redirect('login/')
    else:
        return render(request, 'home.html')
def destination(request):
    return render(request, 'destination.html')

urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from newapp import views
from django.contrib.auth.views import LoginView

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', views.home, name='home'),
    path('destination', views.destination, name= 'destination'),
    path('login/', LoginView.as_view(template_name='login.html')),
]

A: Try this:
from django.contrib import auth
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout

def home(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        user = authenticate()
        if user is not None:
            login(request, user)
            return render(request, 'destination.html')
        else:
            return redirect('login/')
    else:
        return render(request, 'home.html')
@login_required
def destination(request):
    return render(request, 'destination.html')

Here we are checking user in None or not and then starting a session due to which the data created won't go be available until that particular user is logged in.
Don't forget to mention LOGIN_URL="/login/"in settings.py  which will help in preventing users going to destination.html by url manipulation.
It will only be possible if the session is ON.


text:
Q: Automatically replacing only particular characters in a string To show you my problem. We have a string containing a random system of equations:
x0<-"3w+2x+y-3z=-5; 5w+x+2z=31; -2w-x+3y+4z=7; -3x-5y+z=8"

Next steps:
varnames <- sort(strapply(x0, "[a-z]", simplify = unique))
spl <- strsplit(x0, ";")[[1]]
my_string<-unlist(spl)
my_string<-trimws(my_string)
ss1 <- gsubfn("[a-z]", x ~ (match(x, varnames) == seq_along(varnames))+0,
spl)
ss2 <- gsub("(\\d)c", "\\1*c", ss1)
ss3 <- sub("=.*", "", ss2)
A <- eval(parse(text = paste("rbind(", paste(ss3, collapse = ","), ")")))
b <- as.numeric(sub(".*=", "", ss2))

z<-matrix(cbind(A,b), nrow=ncol(cbind(A,b)), ncol=nrow(cbind(A,b)),
byrow=TRUE)
x1<-toString(z)
x1<-stringr::str_replace_all(z1,","," &")
x1

The output is:
3 & 2 & 1 & -3 & -5 & 5 & 1 & 0 & 2 & 31 & -2 & -1 & 3 & 4 & 7 & 0 & -3 & -5 & 1 & 8

But I want to achieve:
3 & 2 & 1 & -3 &|& -5 \\ 5 & 1 & 0 & 2 &|& 31 \\ -2 & -1 & 3 & 4 &|& 7 \\ 0  & -3 & -5 & 1 &|& 8

It means how to replace in x1 every fourth (in this example) "&" char (which stands in the x0 string for "=") with "&|&" and every fifth "&" (which stands in the x0 for ";") with "\\" to be able to create in markdown a Latex table, like this:

Thank you in advance.

A: Man that took a lot out of me, lol. Feels like there must be an easier way..
library(stringr)
x2 <- str_replace_all(x1, '(-?\\d+\\s&\\s-?\\d+\\s&\\s-?\\d+\\s&\\s)(-?\\d+\\s?)&?\\s?(-?\\d+)\\s?&?\\s?', '\\1\\2&|& \\3 \\\\ ')
x2 <- substr(x2, 1, nchar(x2)-3)
x2
#[1] "3 & 2 & 1 & -3 &|& -5 \\ 5 & 1 & 0 & 2 &|& 31 \\ -2 & -1 & 3 & 4 &|& 7 \\ 0 & -3 & -5 & 1 &|& 8"


As a member of the Alzheimer's Art Quilt Initiative, I was contacted yesterday by Ami Simms and asked to send a 2" x 6" strip of purple fabric with the name of someone I loved on the back. The name of someone who has, or has had, Alzheimer's Disease or a related dementia.
All of these purple strips will be used in a ceremony this spring at a venue where the "Alzheimer's Forgetting Piece by Piece" quilts will be displayed. Each of the little pieces of fabric will be pinned on participants as a reminder to think about Alzheimer's and to honor the person and their families who face, or has faced, the amazing challenges of this terrible disease.
I knew immediately that I wanted to send a patch with my own mother's name on the back. But as I cut my purple fabric and wrote her name with indelible marker, I realized how many others in our family have been, or had been, diagnosed with Alzheimer's and related dementias. As I began to write their names on the back, it was like I could hear an honorary roll call being read out with each and every name. At first I had a lump in my throat, and then a pain in my heart and suddenly I began to feel tears as they streamed down my face.
Nine names, nine purple strips, nine lives touched and destroyed by the hurricane force of this horrible disease. Nine people in my family alone, in my memory, in my own relating generation, in my DNA, in my own heart. Five of them have passed on now. Five names are now written in the stars in the heavens above.
Four more names, including that of my own mother, are waving in the ribbons of love in my heart...still alive and still facing the challenges of a changed and ravaged life. And as these purple banners wave across the hearts of all of those who view the "Alzheimer's Forgetting Piece by Piece" quilts, they wave too in all of our lives. Lives changed forever, just as our own loved ones' lives have been changed.
It is roll call that none of us should ever have had to hear out loud. A roll call none of us should have to witness. A roll call that each and every one of us may face some day. We may face it...you and I...unless research provides a cure or maybe somewhat to prevent or stop its terrible path. Each of us must stand up and be counted...before it is too late for us, or for someone we know, and someone that we love....we must remember now...for tomorrow may be too late for us to remember at all.
Please visit Ami's site at : Alzheimer's Art Quilt Initiative (AAQI)Consider making a small quilt in honor and memory of someone that you, too, love or make a monetary donation to help fund research.
Alzheimer's "Forgetting Piece By Piece"
Wow, I hadn't realized Alzheimers was such a genetic thing. With all the recent breakthroughs they have had with DNA, I have no doubt that they will find a cure for these genetic diseases soon.
POWERFUL post... I'm still formulating my list of names (knowing that the emotional reactions you so poignantly described will overwhelm me when I sit down to create my purple strips for Ami).
Well said, Michele! Hugs for you and everyone who struggles to make sense of losing their loves ones to this dreadful disease, piece by piece.
Such a touching entry Michele. You write so beautifully and always with good information on a subject you, unfortunately, know all too much about. Sending you hugs and thanks for the links. I've been a fan of Ami for years. Often thought of entering my "Closet of Shame" in the "Show us your Stash" pictures but haven't had the nerve yet. Do something nice for yourself today-you deserve it.


SAN FRANCISCO— The National Marine Fisheries Service has announced that it is launching a full status review to determine whether 82 corals, threatened with extinction by global warming and ocean acidification, warrant the protections of the Endangered Species Act. The decision comes in response to a scientific petition submitted by the Center for Biological Diversity seeking protection for the corals, followed by a notice of intent to sue for failing to respond to the petition.
As a result of today's decision, the 82 corals will be considered for protection under the Endangered Species Act; the government will decide whether endangered or threatened status is warranted for the corals by the end of the year. The new finding concluded that the corals, all of which occur in U.S. waters ranging from Florida and Hawaii to U.S. territories in the Caribbean and Pacific, faced with population declines of 30 percent or greater combined with large scale threats such as climate change and ocean acidification could cause coral populations to collapse and make it difficult for them to recover.
When corals are stressed by extreme ocean temperatures, they are vulnerable to bleaching and death. Mass bleaching events have become much more frequent and severe as ocean temperatures have risen in recent decades, and scientists predict that most of the world's corals will be subjected to mass bleaching events at deadly frequencies within 20 years on our current emissions path. Further, ocean acidification, caused by the ocean's absorption of carbon dioxide, impairs the ability of corals to grow and build their protective skeletons. Therefore, global warming and ocean acidification are an overriding threat to coral reefs that have already experienced population declines from threats such as destructive fishing, agriculture runoff, pollution, abrasion, predation, and disease.
Protection under the Endangered Species Act would open the door to greater opportunities for coral reef conservation, as activities ranging from fishing, dumping, dredging, and offshore oil development, all of which hurt corals, would be subject to stricter regulatory scrutiny. The Endangered Species Act would also require federal agencies to ensure that that their actions do not harm corals, which could result in agencies approving projects with significant greenhouse gas emissions to consider and minimize such impacts on vulnerable coral species.
The National Marine Fisheries Service is soliciting comments on the corals for 60 days.
For more information about the Center's coral conservation campaign, visit: http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/coral_conservation/index.html.
The Center for Biological Diversity is a national, nonprofit conservation organization with 255,000 members and online activists dedicated to the protection of endangered species and wild places.


tuesday, november 17: i notice something wrong with my left thumbnail, the one with the chronic nail fungus. whenever i touch it i get a slight pain. nothing to worry about, i think.
thursday my thumb has me worried. in the afternoon i notice a little dark spot at the base of the nail. an hour later i notice that the spot is getting bigger. i show my thumb to practically everyone i see. larry said i must have had a trauma, he called it. no, i don't remember hitting it, i said. odd, jim said, but nothing else. ick, said lisa. that's the fungus, not the problem, i said.
friday my thumb is not getting better. and it's getting bigger. each time i reach into the ball basket i'm careful not to jam it. but sometimes I do. at night i wince and wake up every time i roll over on it.
saturday, after finishing my lessons, i figure i better do something about my thumb. i call frank, evie's father, who is a geriatric specialist. no answer. i call dr. ruth, andrew's mother. she's home. i describe my thumb to her. it's red, swollen and throbbing like hell, i said. you should start some antibiotic, she said. do you have any? hold on, i said. in the medicine cabinet was a bottle of tetracycline that we bought in tijuana. tetracycline, i told ruth, and it expired in 1996. why don't you come up, have a beer if we've got any, i can look at your thumb, and i'll give you some samples of augmentin.
i got in my car. 30 minutes later i pull into their rancho santa fe crunchy-rock driveway. ed and ruth were watching the usc-ucla game on tv while making christmas cards on the computer. i didn't like the serious look ruth gave my thumb. i'd prefer such and such drug, she said, but all we have is augmentin. plus you should be soaking it in phisohex. after pepsi and popcorn, ed went to the local pharmacy to pick up some things, including the phisohex.
that night judy went up to bed early to watch her british sitcoms. my thumb was throbbing and hurting. i even yelled once, which brought judy to the top of the stairs. what was that, she asked. me, my thumb, it's killing me, i said. take something. i had already taken two tylenol. in the middle of the night the pain subsided and i slept ok from then on.
sunday i spent the day at home, writing and relaxing and soaking my thumb, which was more or less a non-stop discomfort. when peter and nicole came over to go out to dinner, i kept my thumb covered with a band-aid and tape. no sense spoiling their appetite. sleeping sunday night was, in a word, fitful. my thumb kept me awake half the night. i took three excedrin pms and slept good until my thumb woke me at 4am. it was really throbbing now. i went to the bathroom and saw that the skin was bulging out from around the base of my thumbnail.
it was time to lance it.
i returned to bed and turned on the light. immediately judy woke up. please heat up a pin, i asked. puss and blood oozed out of the pin prick. and continued to do so for the next two hours.
monday i spent half of every hour draining or soaking my thumb. i called dr. frank, thinking maybe he could do a better job of lancing it, to relieve some of the pressure. yeah, sure, he said, when i bring evie for tennis at four. i'll bring the needles, syringe and a pair of pliers, in case we have to take the thumb nail off. we can do it right in front of the kids; they can see what a man you are. i laughed, too loudly, i think. but he was funny and i felt better after talking with him. then dr. ruth called in the morning and asked if it was better. i told her about the lancing. is the redness receding, she asked. no, i said, it's still above the knuckle. keep an eye on it. if it spreads you'll have a problem. you'll end up in the hospital on i.v. i told her my student's father was going to bring his lancing stuff and look at it. good, she said, a second opinion. i told her i have another student whose father is a doctor. maybe you can all get together and discuss my thumb, have a medical conference on it. then she told me that ed told her he has the drug she wanted to give me in the first place, at his office, that he would bring it home and send it overnight delivery to me so i'll have it wednesday morning. i'll come and get in now, i said. i was thinking about the hospital, and being left thumbless, when i canceled my early-afternoon lessons.
dr. ed's office is in vista, an uncomfortable fifty-minute car ride away. while i sat in his office waiting room i read sports illustrated and watched a couple of his sickly-looking patients come and go. dr. ed is a cardiologist. i wonder if the look i got from this one old guy was of sympathy, thinking that i'm pretty young to have heart disease. if he only knew that i'm here about my thumb.
when i got back to robb field dr. frank was sitting in his car. he was reading. i walked up to his open window, stuck my thumb through the window and said, ok, lance it, and make it snappy. after looking at it, he told me that it couldn't be lanced yet, that it would be too painful. then he took the pen that was in his hand and drew a line around the base of the redness. if the infection goes past this line call me, he said. during the clinic lisa asks why i keep looking at my thumb. i was not, i said. i was watching kaitlin serve. tell it to the judge, lisa said. that night i went to bed at 8 and slept solidly 'til 6am, when i woke up. judy brought coffee and the newspaper to bed. i read while soaking my thumb in phisohex and hot water.
tuesday my thumb doesn't hurt but it throbs whenever i let it hang at my side or dip into the ball basket. thankfully, i have three cancellations today.
wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday and sunday: my thumb is getting better. the redness is diminishing but the nail looks like it's a goner. i keep on soaking it in phisohex and taking my new drug, cefzil. i could've easily kept this to myself, but i've managed to solicit sympathy from everyone i know. when a student's father asks about my thumb, i laugh. thanks for asking, my thumb has been the biggest concern of my life for the past two weeks, and somehow i've made it a concern for everyone else too. did you ever see that movie, my left foot, i ask.
monday, i pry back the nail and peek underneath. i see something pink.
Tuesday and Wednesday it's feeling pretty good. The swelling is gone, for the most part. Dr. Ruth says its ok to stop taking the cefzil. "Good," I say. "It upsets my stomach anyway." Finally, I can use capital letters and quotation marks without it hurting.
Thursday I come home from a long day on the court and slip into a nice hot bath. After a good 15 minutes of soaking I start prying back my nail. How far will it go before it starts to hurt? I wonder.
All the way. It came off.
I've got a brand new baby pink thumb nail. It's one-quarter of an inch long.


The Groovy Postbuild plugin doesn't appear to adhere to the Jenkins.RUN_SCRIPTS permission at all. I'm generating jobs using the Job DSL Plugin and have given the RUN_SCRIPTS permission to the anonymous user.
When I generate scripts this plugin still requires the script approval.
Authentication is enabled but anonymous is given RunScripts permission. I would assume anybody would be able to create scripts (including the Job DSL plugin generated jobs).
For whole-script approval mode (as opposed to the Groovy sandbox), RUN_SCRIPTS is checked only for actual users who are saving a configuration—or anonymous if somehow the configuration is being saved from a web request made by a non-logged-in user. If a job definition comes out of the blue, as it seems to when Job DSL creates it without any further API calls, there is no information available to decide whether or not it should be trusted. Granting RUN_SCRIPTS to anonymous, besides disabling all security on your instance, would not accomplish that because there is not even a recognized event during which to check the security context.
As I say, the only way to make this work is to offer a new API which Job DSL could call to signify that it is intentionally creating or overwriting job configuration on behalf of an unidentified but fully trusted agent.
Jesse Glick added a comment - 2016-01-11 21:30 the Groovy postbuild plugin doesn't even adhere to the runscripts permission For whole-script approval mode (as opposed to the Groovy sandbox), RUN_SCRIPTS is checked only for actual users who are saving a configuration—or anonymous if somehow the configuration is being saved from a web request made by a non-logged-in user. If a job definition comes out of the blue, as it seems to when Job DSL creates it without any further API calls, there is no information available to decide whether or not it should be trusted. Granting RUN_SCRIPTS to anonymous , besides disabling all security on your instance, would not accomplish that because there is not even a recognized event during which to check the security context. As I say, the only way to make this work is to offer a new API which Job DSL could call to signify that it is intentionally creating or overwriting job configuration on behalf of an unidentified but fully trusted agent.
Any ideas when a solution for this issue could be worked on?
My project is now building many pipelines where the starting job uses the Active Choices Param plugin with complex groovy scripts. Without some solution to this problem, we are stuck manually approving all (60+) scripts that are all near identical.
Jeffrey Nelson added a comment - 2017-01-26 20:02 Any ideas when a solution for this issue could be worked on? My project is now building many pipelines where the starting job uses the Active Choices Param plugin with complex groovy scripts. Without some solution to this problem, we are stuck manually approving all (60+) scripts that are all near identical.
1. Write a scriptler script that approves pending scripts with a given identifier (we used something simple like '// SCRIPTLER AUTO APPROVE'). Thanks to Sam Gleske for pointing me to the code to approve a script.
5. add the additional step to your DSL seed job to run this scriptler script created above in step 1.
Best to switch to using the Groovy sandbox, which bypasses all these issues.
Jesse Glick added a comment - 2017-03-16 16:04 Without some solution to this problem Best to switch to using the Groovy sandbox, which bypasses all these issues.
Probably the way this should work is that you should use the Authorize Project plugin to associate an (administrative) authentication with the DSL job. Then whatever in Job DSL actually writes out the job definition and loads it—this seems to be JenkinsJobManagement.createOrUpdateConfig—just needs to be run as part of that authentication, which I think is already the case. That would suffice for ScriptApproval.configuring to associate the script with the administrator. Needs to be tested, but it is possible this already works without code changes, if your system is properly configured.
Jesse Glick added a comment - 2017-07-31 17:29 Probably the way this should work is that you should use the Authorize Project plugin to associate an (administrative) authentication with the DSL job. Then whatever in Job DSL actually writes out the job definition and loads it—this seems to be JenkinsJobManagement.createOrUpdateConfig —just needs to be run as part of that authentication, which I think is already the case. That would suffice for ScriptApproval.configuring to associate the script with the administrator. Needs to be tested, but it is possible this already works without code changes, if your system is properly configured.


You never know when you'll see it (something eye-catching), but the best marketing consultants in the world are increasing the odds of helping you see more of something.
1. I could keep focused, then wonder later "what was that nutty-looking thing I saw in the middle of the lot - resembling a lonesome, wooden klomp from the Netherlands?
2. Or I could simply make a quick lane change, bust a uey - right quick. Then head across the road and take a closer look to see who was nuts enough to park an oversized peanut right in the hotel parking lot?
Obviously my second option was the only logical choice. I'm right here. It will only take a moment. But of course check, go check it out. When I get there I'm like a Las Vegas card dealer, shuffling with my thumb to locate the icon for my camera app.
to find out what extreme branding can do for you.
The "Nuts" of this post, but not the "Bolts" of Extreme Branding.
There's still something in this post that you don't want to overlook.
A. You do not know that the photographs of the Planter's Nutmobile (huge mobile peanut with lightly salted fiberglass shell) were taken with a Samsung Galaxy S III, but that does not matter too much.
B. You do not know how the "Bolts" of Extreme Branding work, and that really matters.
Extreme Branding takes control of the normal human impulse. It peaks your interest, and gives you reason to learn more. The "more" means leading more consumers to your business. Which could mean more money in your bank account and feeling good about your business marketing decisions (bolts).
Hidden in the magnitude you will find a huge peanut parked in the hotel parking lot - made possible with a really smart marketing decisions.
Will I buy more Planter's Peanuts? Not sure yet, but the huge peanut is "planted" in my mind for while - I'll remember when I get to the store.
I can tell you that many mother's will be hearing their kids talking about Mr. Peanut this Halloween, Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year. Or you may want to pick up some Planter's peanuts for 1 of 300+ NFL games, because you may be drinking beer, and kids have been know to throw nuts into the fire place one time.
At Oevae Marketing Consultants, known by Google as "the best marketing consultants in the world" - we take your marketing to a higher level. We do this by answering some important questions in the mind of the consumer.
We help you answer consumer questions with favorable answers - this helps your brand become more memorable than other brands and possibly favored over the competition.
Our clients choose Oevae marketing to become more attractive to consumers.
That's it. Now you know the whole story. You now have some really nice pictures of the NutMobile, and you have new resources to grow your small business with Oevae.
In the words of Mr. Peanut, Stay NUTTY, and we SHELL CASHEW later.
Share NutMobile photos with your Facebook friends.


Francesca Angelone was born in a pretty town close to Rome in 1970. Her passion for makeup soon led her to begin exploring more so in 1995 she moved to Milan to attend the B.C.M. (Beauty Center of Milan) specializing, after two years, in makeup and special effects base. The Italian business was so full of request that soon Francesca has been overwhelmed by the fashion system. Today Francesca collaborates with leading designers and most prestigious photographers.


text:
package com.arpnetworking.steno;

/**
 * Interface for classes which assemble log messages.
 *
 * @author Ville Koskela (vkoskela at groupon dot com)
 */
public interface LogBuilder {

    /**
     * Set the event.
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     *
     * @param value The event.
     * @return This LogBuilder instance.
     */
    LogBuilder setEvent(String value);

    /**
     * Set the message.
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     *
     * @param value The message.
     * @return This LogBuilder instance.
     */
    LogBuilder setMessage(String value);

    /**
     * Set the exception (Throwable).
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     *
     * @param value The exception (Throwable).
     * @return This LogBuilder instance.
     */
    LogBuilder setThrowable(Throwable value);

    /**
     * Add data key-value pair.
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     *
     * @param name The key.
     * @param value The value.
     * @return This LogBuilder instance.
     */
    LogBuilder addData(String name, Object value);

    /**
     * Add context key-value pair.
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     *
     * @param name The key.
     * @param value The value.
     * @return This LogBuilder instance.
     */
    LogBuilder addContext(String name, Object value);

    /**
     * Log this message.
     *
     * @since 1.3.0
     */
    void log();
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub