text:
set -u  #Detect undefined variable
set -o pipefail #Return return code in pipeline fails
# IFS=$'\n\t' #used in loop,  Internal Field Separator

#Official Site: https://nodejs.org
#Target: Automatically Install & Update Node.js On GNU/Linux
#Writer: MaxdSre
#Date: Aug 23, 2017 11:46 Wed +0800
#Update Time:
# - May 22, 2017 02:34 Mon +0800
# - June 07, 2017 13:08 Wed +0800

#########  0-1. Singal Setting  #########
mktemp_format=${mktemp_format:-'NJTemp_XXXXXX'}
# trap '' HUP	#overlook SIGHUP when internet interrupted or terminal shell closed
# trap '' INT   #overlook SIGINT when enter Ctrl+C, QUIT is triggered by Ctrl+\
trap funcTrapINTQUIT INT QUIT

funcTrapINTQUIT(){
    rm -rf /tmp/"${mktemp_format%%_*}"* 2>/dev/null
    printf "Detect $(tput setaf 1)%s$(tput sgr0) or $(tput setaf 1)%s$(tput sgr0), begin to exit shell\n" "CTRL+C" "CTRL+\\"
    exit
}

#########  0-2. Variables Setting  #########
umask 022    # temporarily change umask value to 022
# term_cols=$(tput cols)   # term_lines=$(tput lines)
readonly c_bold="$(tput bold)"
readonly c_normal="$(tput sgr0)"     # c_normal='\e[0m'
# black 0, red 1, green 2, yellow 3, blue 4, magenta 5, cyan 6, gray 7
readonly c_red="${c_bold}$(tput setaf 1)"     # c_red='\e[31;1m'
readonly c_blue="$(tput setaf 4)"    # c_blue='\e[34m'
readonly official_site='https://nodejs.org'   #Node.js Official Site
readonly download_stable_page="${official_site}/en/download/"
readonly download_edge_page="${download_stable_page}current/"
readonly release_note_page="${official_site}/en/download/releases/"
readonly os_type='linux-x64'
software_fullname=${software_fullname:-'Nodejs'}
application_name=${application_name:-'Nodejs'}
bak_suffix=${bak_suffix:-'_bak'}     # suffix word for file backup
readonly temp_save_path='/tmp'      # Save Path Of Downloaded Packages
installation_dir="/opt/${application_name}"      # Decompression & Installation Path Of Package
is_existed=${is_existed:-0}   # Default value is 0, check if system has installed Node.js

include_path="/usr/local/include/${application_name}"
ld_so_conf_path="/etc/ld.so.conf.d/${application_name}.conf"
profile_d_path="/etc/profile.d/${application_name}.sh"

version_check=${version_check:-0}
is_edge=${is_edge:-0}
is_uninstall=${is_uninstall:-0}
proxy_server=${proxy_server:-}

#########  1-1 getopts Operation  #########
funcHelpInfo(){
cat <<EOF
${c_blue}Usage:
    script [options] ...
    script | sudo bash -s -- [options] ...
Installing / Updating Node.js (default stable) On GNU/Linux!
This script requires superuser privileges (eg. root, su).

[available option]
    -h    --help, show help info
    -c    --check, check current stable release version
    -e    --edge, choose edge version (default stable version)
    -p [protocol:]ip:port    --proxy host (http|https|socks4|socks5), default protocol is http
    -u    --uninstall, uninstall software installed
${c_normal}
EOF
}

while getopts "hceup:" option "$@"; do
    case "$option" in
        c ) version_check=1 ;;
        e ) is_edge=1 ;;
        u ) is_uninstall=1 ;;
        p ) proxy_server="$OPTARG" ;;
        h|\? ) funcHelpInfo && exit ;;
    esac
done

start_time=$(date +'%s')    # Start Time Of Operation

#########  1-2 Initialization Prepatation  #########
funcExitStatement(){
    local str="$*"
    [[ -n "$str" ]] && printf "%s\n" "$str"
    rm -rf /tmp/"${mktemp_format%%_*}"* 2>/dev/null
    exit
}

funcCommandExistCheck(){
    # $? -- 0 is find, 1 is not find
    local name="$1"
    if [[ -n "$name" ]]; then
        local executing_path=${executing_path:-}
        executing_path=$(which "$name" 2> /dev/null || command -v "$name" 2> /dev/null)
        [[ -n "${executing_path}" ]] && return 0 || return 1
    else
        return 1
    fi
}

funcInitializationCheck(){
    # 1 - Check root or sudo privilege
    [[ "$UID" -ne 0 ]] && funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: this script requires superuser privileges (eg. root, su)."
    # 2 - OS support check
    [[ -s /etc/os-release || -s /etc/SuSE-release || -s /etc/redhat-release || (-s /etc/debian_version && -s /etc/issue.net) ]] || funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: this script doesn't support your system!"

    # 3 - bash version check  ${BASH_VERSINFO[@]} ${BASH_VERSION}
    # bash --version | sed -r -n '1s@[^[:digit:]]*([[:digit:].]*).*@\1@p'
    [[ "${BASH_VERSINFO[0]}" -lt 4 ]] && funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: this script need BASH version 4+, your current version is ${c_blue}${BASH_VERSION%%-*}${c_normal}."

    #$USER exist && $SUDO_USER not exist, then use $USER
    [[ -n "${USER:-}" && -z "${SUDO_USER:-}" ]] && now_user="$USER" || now_user="$SUDO_USER"
    [[ "${now_user}" == 'root' ]] && user_home='/root' || user_home="/home/${now_user}"

    # CentOS/Fedora/OpenSUSE: xz   Debian/Ubuntu: xz-utils
    funcCommandExistCheck 'xz' || funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}, No ${c_blue}xz${c_normal} command found, please install it (CentOS/OpenSUSE: xz   Debian/Ubuntu: xz-utils)!"

    funcCommandExistCheck 'tar' || funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}, No ${c_blue}tar${c_normal} command found to decompress .tar.xz file!"

    funcCommandExistCheck 'sha256sum' || funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}, No ${c_blue}sha256sum${c_normal} or ${c_blue}openssl${c_normal} command found, please install it!"
}

funcVersionNumberComparasion(){
    local l_item1="${1:-0}"    # old val
    local l_item2="${2:-0}"    # new val
    local l_operator=${3:-'<'}
    local l_output=${l_output:-0}

    if [[ -n "${l_item1}" && -n "${l_item2}" ]]; then
        local l_arr1=( $(echo "${l_item1}" | sed -r 's@\.@ @g') )
        local l_arr2=( $(echo "${l_item2}" | sed -r 's@\.@ @g') )
        local l_arr1_len=${l_arr1_len:-"${#l_arr1[@]}"}
        local l_arr2_len=${l_arr2_len:-"${#l_arr2[@]}"}
        local l_max_len=${l_max_len:-"${l_arr1_len}"}
        [[ "${l_arr1_len}" -lt "${l_arr2_len}" ]] && l_max_len="${l_arr2_len}"

        for (( i = 0; i < "${l_max_len}"; i++ )); do
            [[ "${l_arr1_len}" -lt $(( i+1 )) ]] && l_arr1[$i]=0
            [[ "${l_arr2_len}" -lt $(( i+1 )) ]] && l_arr2[$i]=0

            if [[ "${l_arr1[i]}" -lt "${l_arr2[i]}" ]]; then
                case "${l_operator}" in
                    '>' ) l_output=0 ;;
                    '<'|* ) l_output=1 ;;
                esac
                break
            elif [[ "${l_arr1[i]}" -gt "${l_arr2[i]}" ]]; then
                case "${l_operator}" in
                    '>' ) l_output=1 ;;
                    '<'|* ) l_output=0 ;;
                esac
                break
            else
                continue
            fi
        done
    fi

    echo "${l_output}"
}

funcInternetConnectionCheck(){
    local gateway_ip=${gateway_ip:-}
    # CentOS: iproute Debian/OpenSUSE: iproute2
    if funcCommandExistCheck 'ip'; then
        gateway_ip=$(ip route | awk 'match($1,/^default/){print $3}')
    elif funcCommandExistCheck 'netstat'; then
        gateway_ip=$(netstat -rn | awk 'match($1,/^Destination/){getline;print $2;exit}')
    else
        funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}: No ${c_blue}ip${c_normal} or ${c_blue}netstat${c_normal} command found, please install it!"
    fi

    ! ping -q -w 1 -c 1 "$gateway_ip" &> /dev/null && funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}: No internet connection detected, disable ICMP? please check it!"   # Check Internet Connection
}

funcDownloadToolCheck(){
    local proxy_pattern="^((http|https|socks4|socks5):)?([0-9]{1,3}.){3}[0-9]{1,3}:[0-9]{1,5}$"
    proxy_server=${proxy_server:-}
    if [[ -n "${proxy_server}" ]]; then
        if [[ "${proxy_server}" =~ $proxy_pattern ]]; then
            local proxy_proto_pattern="^((http|https|socks4|socks5):)"
            if [[ "${proxy_server}" =~ $proxy_proto_pattern ]]; then
                local p_proto="${proxy_server%%:*}"
                local p_host="${proxy_server#*:}"
            else
                local p_proto='http'
                local p_host="${proxy_server}"
            fi
        else
            funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}: please specify right proxy host addr like ${c_blue}[protocol:]ip:port${c_normal}!"
        fi
    fi

    local retry_times=${retry_times:-5}
    local retry_delay_time=${retry_delay_time:-1}
    local connect_timeout_time=${connect_timeout_time:-2}
    local referrer_page=${referrer_page:-'https://duckduckgo.com/?q=github'}
    # local user_agent=${user_agent:-'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.4) AppleWebKit/537.29.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3030.92 Safari/537.29.20'}

    if funcCommandExistCheck 'curl'; then
        download_tool="curl -fsL --retry ${retry_times} --retry-delay ${retry_delay_time} --connect-timeout ${connect_timeout_time} --no-keepalive --referer ${referrer_page}"   # curl -s URL -o /PATH/FILE; -fsSL
        # --user-agent ${user_agent}

        if [[ -n "${proxy_server}" ]]; then
            local curl_version_no=${curl_version_no:-}
            curl_version_no=$(curl --version | sed -r -n '1s@.* ([[:digit:].]*) .*@\1@p')
            case "$p_proto" in
                http ) export http_proxy="${p_host}" ;;
                https ) export HTTPS_PROXY="${p_host}" ;;
                socks4 )
                    if [[ $(funcVersionNumberComparasion "${curl_version_no}" '7.21.7' '>') -eq 1 ]]; then
                        download_tool="${download_tool} -x ${p_proto}a://${p_host}"
                    else
                        download_tool="${download_tool} --socks4a ${p_host}"
                    fi
                    ;;
                socks5 )
                    if [[ $(funcVersionNumberComparasion "${curl_version_no}" '7.21.7' '>') -eq 1 ]]; then
                        download_tool="${download_tool} -x ${p_proto}h://${p_host}"
                    else
                        download_tool="${download_tool} --socks5-hostname ${p_host}"
                    fi
                    ;;
                * ) export http_proxy="${p_host}" ;;
            esac
        fi

    elif funcCommandExistCheck 'wget'; then
        download_tool="wget -qO- --tries=${retry_times} --waitretry=${retry_delay_time} --connect-timeout ${connect_timeout_time} --no-http-keep-alive --referer=${referrer_page}" # wget -q URL -O /PATH/FILE
        # --user-agent=${user_agent}

        # local version_no=$(wget --version | sed -r -n '1s@.* ([[:digit:].]*) .*@\1@p')
        if [[ -n "$proxy_server" ]]; then
            if [[ "$p_proto" == 'https' ]]; then
                export https_proxy="${p_host}"
            else
                export http_proxy="${p_host}"
            fi
        fi
    else
        funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}: can't find command ${c_blue}curl${c_normal} or ${c_blue}wget${c_normal}!"
    fi
}

#########  2-1. Latest & Local Version Check  #########
funcVersionLocalCheck(){
    if [[ -f "${installation_dir}/bin/node" ]]; then
        is_existed=1
        current_local_version=$("${installation_dir}/bin/node" --version | sed -r -n 's@v([[:digit:].]*)@\1@p')
    fi
}

funcVersionOnlineCheck(){
    local release_type
    release_type=${release_type:-'Current'}
    declare -a latest_version_online_arr
    if [[ "${is_edge}" -eq 1 ]]; then
        release_type='LTS'
        latest_version_online_arr=($($download_tool "${download_edge_page}" | sed -r -n '/Latest Current Version/{s@.*Version:[[:space:]]*<[^>]*>([^<]+)<.*npm[[:space:]]*([[:digit:].]+).*@\1 \2@g;p}'))
    else
        latest_version_online_arr=($($download_tool "${download_stable_page}" | sed -r -n '/Latest LTS Version/{s@.*Version:[[:space:]]*<[^>]*>([^<]+)<.*npm[[:space:]]*([[:digit:].]+).*@\1 \2@g;p}'))
    fi

    [[ ${#latest_version_online_arr[*]} -eq 0 ]] && funcExitStatement "${c_red}Fatal error${c_normal}, fail to get online version on official site!"

    latest_version_online=${latest_version_online:-}
    latest_version_online=${latest_version_online_arr[0]}
    # latest_npm_version=${latest_version_online_arr[1]}

    [[ -z "${latest_version_online}" ]] && funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: fail to get latest online version on official site!"

    release_date=$($download_tool "${release_note_page}" | sed -r -n '/Version.*'"${latest_version_online}"'/,/Date/{/Date/{s@[[:space:]]*<[^>]*>[[:space:]]*@@g;p}}')

    if [[ "${version_check}" -eq 1 ]]; then
        if [[ "${is_existed}" -eq 1 ]]; then
            funcExitStatement "Local existed version is ${c_red}${current_local_version}${c_normal}, Latest ${c_blue}${release_type}${c_normal} version online is ${c_red}${latest_version_online}${c_normal} (${c_blue}${release_date}${c_normal})!"
        else
            funcExitStatement "Latest ${c_blue}${release_type}${c_normal} version online (${c_red}${latest_version_online}${c_normal}), Release date ($c_red${release_date}$c_normal)!"
        fi
    fi

    if [[ "${is_existed}" -eq 1 ]]; then
        if [[ "${latest_version_online}" == "${current_local_version}" ]]; then
            funcExitStatement "Latest ${c_blue}${release_type}${c_normal} version (${c_red}${latest_version_online}${c_normal}) has been existed in your system!"
        else
            local l_compare_result
            l_compare_result=$(funcVersionNumberComparasion "${current_local_version}" "${latest_version_online}" '<')
            case "${l_compare_result}" in
                0 )
                    funcExitStatement "Existed version local (${c_red}${current_local_version}${c_normal}) > Latest ${c_blue}${release_type}${c_normal} version online (${c_red}${latest_version_online}${c_normal})!"
                    ;;
                1 )
                    printf "Existed version local (${c_red}%s${c_normal}) < Latest ${c_blue}%s${c_normal} version online (${c_red}%s${c_normal})!\n" "${current_local_version}" "${release_type}" "${latest_version_online}"
                    ;;
            esac
        fi
    else
        printf "No %s find in your system!\n" "${software_fullname}"
    fi
}

#########  2-2. Uninstall  #########
funcUninstallOperation(){
    [[ "${is_existed}" -eq 1 ]] || funcExitStatement "${c_blue}Note${c_normal}: no ${software_fullname} is found in your system!"

    [[ -d "${installation_dir}" ]] && rm -rf "${installation_dir}"
    [[ -d "${installation_dir}${bak_suffix}" ]] && rm -rf "${installation_dir}${bak_suffix}"

    local npm_path="${user_home}/.npm"
    [[ -d "${npm_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${npm_path}"    # ~/.npm/
    local node_repl_history_path="${user_home}/.node_repl_history"
    [[ -d "${node_repl_history_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${node_repl_history_path}"   # ~/.node_repl_history

    [[ -d "${include_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${include_path}"
    [[ -f "${ld_so_conf_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${ld_so_conf_path}"
    [[ -f "${profile_d_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${profile_d_path}"

    [[ -d "${installation_dir}" ]] || funcExitStatement "${software_fullname} (v ${c_red}${current_local_version}${c_normal}) is successfully removed from your system!"

}

#########  2-3. Download & Decompress Latest Software  #########
funcDownloadAndDecompressOperation(){
    printf "Begin to download latest version ${c_red}%s${c_normal}, just be patient!\n" "${latest_version_online}"

    # Download the latest version while two versions compared different
    local pack_save_path="${temp_save_path}/node-v${latest_version_online}-${os_type}.tar.xz"
    local sha256_save_path="${temp_save_path}/SHASUMS256.txt"
    [[ -f "${pack_save_path}" ]] && rm -f "${pack_save_path}"
    [[ -f "${sha256_save_path}" ]] && rm -f "${sha256_save_path}"

    # https://nodejs.org/dist/v7.10.0/node-v7.10.0-linux-x64.tar.xz
    # https://nodejs.org/dist/v7.10.0/SHASUMS256.txt

    $download_tool "${official_site}/dist/v${latest_version_online}/node-v${latest_version_online}-${os_type}.tar.xz" > "$pack_save_path"

    $download_tool "${official_site}/dist/v${latest_version_online}/SHASUMS256.txt" > "$sha256_save_path"

    # grep node-vx.y.z.tar.gz SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c -
    if [[ -f "${pack_save_path}" && -f "${sha256_save_path}" ]]; then
        # https://github.com/koalaman/shellcheck/wiki/SC2164
        cd "${temp_save_path}" || exit
        grep "${pack_save_path##*/}" "${sha256_save_path##*/}" | sha256sum -c -- &> /dev/null
        if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then
            printf "Package $c_blue%s$c_normal approves SHA-256 check!\n" "${pack_save_path##*/}"
        else
            funcExitStatement "${c_red}Error${c_normal}, package ${c_blue}${pack_save_path##*/}${c_normal} SHA-256 check inconsistency! The package may not be integrated!"
        fi

    else
        funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: package download operation is faily!"
    fi

    local application_backup_path="${installation_dir}${bak_suffix}"
    [[ -d "${application_backup_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${application_backup_path}"

    [[ -d "${installation_dir}" ]] && mv "${installation_dir}" "${application_backup_path}"    # Backup Installation Directory
    [[ -d "${installation_dir}" ]] || mkdir -p "${installation_dir}"     # Create Installation Directory
    tar xf "${pack_save_path}" -C "${installation_dir}" --strip-components=1    # Decompress To Target Directory

    local new_installed_version=${new_installed_version:-}
    new_installed_version=$("${installation_dir}/bin/node" --version | sed -r -n 's@v([[:digit:].]*)@\1@p')    # Just Installed Version In System

    [[ -f "${pack_save_path}" ]] && rm -f "${pack_save_path}"
    [[ -f "${sha256_save_path}" ]] && rm -f "${sha256_save_path}"

    if [[ "${latest_version_online}" != "${new_installed_version}" ]]; then
        [[ -d "${installation_dir}" ]] && rm -rf "${installation_dir}"

        if [[ "${is_existed}" -eq 1 ]]; then
            mv "${application_backup_path}" "${installation_dir}"
            funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: ${c_blue}update${c_normal} operation is faily. ${software_fullname} has been rolled back to the former version!"
        else
            funcExitStatement "${c_red}Sorry${c_normal}: ${c_blue}install${c_normal} operation is faily!"
        fi

    else
        [[ -d "${application_backup_path}" ]] && rm -rf "${application_backup_path}"
    fi
}

#########  2-4. Export include/lib/bin Path  #########
funcPostInstallationConfiguration(){
    # - include files
    ln -sv "${installation_dir}/include" "${include_path}" 1> /dev/null
    # - lib files
    echo -e "${installation_dir}/lib" > "${ld_so_conf_path}"
    ldconfig -v &> /dev/null    ##讓系統重新生成緩存
    # - bin path
    echo "export PATH=\$PATH:${installation_dir}/bin" > "${profile_d_path}"
    # shellcheck source=/dev/null
    source "${profile_d_path}" 2> /dev/null

    if [[ "$is_existed" -eq 1 ]]; then
        printf "%s was updated to version ${c_red}%s${c_normal} successfully!\n" "${software_fullname}" "${latest_version_online}"
    else
        printf "Installing %s version ${c_red}%s${c_normal} successfully!\n" "${software_fullname}" "${latest_version_online}"
    fi

    printf "${c_bold}$c_blue%s$c_normal: You need to relogin to make Node.js effort!\n" 'Notice'
}

#########  2-5. Operation Time Cost  #########
funcTotalTimeCosting(){
    finish_time=$(date +'%s')        # End Time Of Operation
    total_time_cost=$((finish_time-start_time))   # Total Time Of Operation
    funcExitStatement "Total time cost is ${c_red}${total_time_cost}${c_normal} seconds!"
}

#########  3. Executing Process  #########
funcInitializationCheck
funcInternetConnectionCheck
funcDownloadToolCheck

funcVersionLocalCheck
if [[ "${is_uninstall}" -eq 1 ]]; then
    funcUninstallOperation
else
    funcVersionOnlineCheck
    funcDownloadAndDecompressOperation
    funcPostInstallationConfiguration
    funcTotalTimeCosting
fi

#########  4. EXIT Singal Processing  #########
# trap "commands" EXIT # execute command when exit from shell
funcTrapEXIT(){
    rm -rf /tmp/"${mktemp_format%%_*}"* 2>/dev/null
    unset software_fullname
    unset application_name
    unset bak_suffix
    unset installation_dir
    unset is_existed
    unset include_path
    unset ld_so_conf_path
    unset profile_d_path
    unset version_check
    unset is_edge
    unset is_uninstall
    unset proxy_server
    unset start_time
    unset finish_time
    unset total_time_cost
}

trap funcTrapEXIT EXIT

# Script End


We have told you Microsoft is planning big for the upcoming Electronic Entertainment Expo. To grab the limelight in the pilgrim event of gamers all over the world, the software developer giant has snatched the first slot of the E3 press conferences aka the high octane media events that take place prior to the much awaited expo.
We have made a round with our usual Microsoft sources to get a hint or two on what Microsoft will be unveiling in front of the world at the platforms of the E3 event.
Though we haven't got any clear clue on their game related plans, there is strong hints that points to the chance of a Zune replacement to come out roaring in the E3 event from Microsoft' stables.
The sources close to Microsoft say that the giant will be unveiling their new music service code named 'Woodstock' [Ed: a nod to the 60's Woodstock Music Festival].
It seems that service tends to be cross platform in its nature and may hit even Android devices through an in-browser music player.
The new Woodstock will be real fun with its deep integration with Facebook and ability to work without the help of a browser plug-in.
However, don't think that you can right away start enjoying the music offer from Woodstock soon after the E3 arrival, since it will give just a sneak peak at the event and will not come to the public until the Windows 8 or the Windows Phone 8 comes out, possibly by fall.


text:
Q: Kendo Menu dataSource imageUrl not accepting content I am using Kendo controls in my application. Where in I have a Menu control having datasource in my controller. Currently I am passing relative path of URL for imageUrl. But with increased application, now there are many calls going to backend. So I want to replace this url with ICOMOON content something like "/e654". Is there any option like this??
  dataSource: [
                    {
                        text: "",
                        imageUrl: "../../App/Modules/PIC/Styles/images/LUT_Small.png",
                        items: [
                            {
                                imageUrl: "../../App/Modules/PIC/Styles/images/viewer-colors-hotmetal.png",
                                cssClass: "picKendoMenuItemCss",
                                text: lutManager.presetColorLutNames.hotMetal,
                                spriteCssClass: "picKendospriteCss"
                            },

Instead of direct calls to png, i want to use ICOMOON content.
Help please.
Thanks,
-/Sammi

A: If you don't have to use icomoon, I recommend to use fontawesome icons.
http://docs.telerik.com/KENDO-UI/controls/navigation/menu/how-to/using-fontawesome-icons

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


JetBrains Annotations is a set of annotations used for code inspection support and code documentation. It is part of the IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition and can be used among other things to annotate String fields, local variables, method parameters and methods returning Strings.
This package contains symlinks to the actual documentation now in libjetbrains-annotations-java, and can be safely removed.


Honorary degrees are the highest symbol of recognition that universities can bestow. And the Ivy League retains the greatest reputation for excellence in American higher education. Thus, it is of more than a little interest that these institutions find excellence overwhelmingly in justices on the left of the judiciary.
Of the fourteen honorary degrees bestowed by Ivy League institutions to living Supreme Court justices twelve went to those on the left of the Court. Justice Ginsburg is the champ: she has an honorary degree from every Ivy League university except Cornell and Cornell does not award honorary degrees. And she is by some political science measures the farthest to the left on the Court. Justice Sonia Sotomayor has two such degrees (Princeton, Yale) and Stephen Breyer, John Paul Stevens and David Souter have one each (Penn, Princeton, and Harvard respectively). While I am not knowledgeable about all foreign judges, the two I did recognize from the Ivy lists, getting two honorary degrees each, were Albie Sachs of South Africa and Aharon Barak of Israel—two of the most famous left-leaning jurists from abroad. Indeed, some of Barak's opinions make those of William O. Douglas seem modest and lawful.
Against all this celebration of left-liberalism, Brown and Yale did give honorary degrees to Sandra Day O'Connor, the swing justice of her day and a moderate conservative. But no Ivy League University has ever awarded such a degree to anyone sitting now on the right of the Court. What makes this performance even more obviously ideologically driven is that these academic institutions have neglected the one who has had the most academic influence—Antonin Scalia. Regardless of whether one agrees with him, his textualism in statutory interpretation and originalism in constitutional interpretation have been driving the academic debate. And Chief Justice John Roberts is widely regarded as a very able Chief—the first among equals—as well as perhaps the best oral advocate of his generation. There is also a direct head to head comparison of justices: Samuel Alito graduated from the same college and law school as Sonia Sotomayor and has been on the Court longer, but both schools have honored her and not him with honorary degrees.
The differential treatment of justices on the right and left of the Court provides more evidence of the high double standards of higher education. It also offers some indirect evidence that professors on the right likely suffer discrimination in the elite legal academy. After all, the faculty and the administration of the law schools likely have some influence on who gets honorary degrees. And no doubt there is likely to be a similar message in many classrooms about which justices are worthy of emulation.
The Road to Abood: Where Did the Supreme Court Go Wrong?
Though I rarely agree with Ginsburg's opinions, one thing positive that I can say about her is that her opinions are well written and logically consistent. If you accept the premises upon which her opinions are based (i.e., her legal world view), then she is an exemplar of what a judge should be, and a Supreme Court justice in particular.
In fact, of the Supreme Court justices who I have read at least five opinions from, I would say that she has the best written opinions. Unlike the other lefties on the bench, who often seem to be making it up as they go along, Ginsburg's opinions evince a judge who has a definite legal viewpoint.
Let me also add: Good for Cornell.
Handing out honorary degrees to people like judges and politicians seems a bit too self-serving to me, especially when they are still in a position of power. If universities are going to award honorary degrees, they should award them to people in non-political fields.
Justice Ginsburg has a bachelor's degree from Cornell, so she actually does have degrees (honorary and real) from all eight Ivies.


Mafia City isn't a perfect game, but it's one of the few that looks at white supremacy as the established norm and rejects it. Art confronts us with the world from new perspectives. It's both mirror and window, showing us how the world is and what it could be. At a time when those with the most privilege do the most whining, Mafia City feels important to those of us who have been told our entire lives to either be silent or know our place because of our skin colour.
Mafia City may be unremarkable or mediocre in many ways, but it is necessary in a world that for too long has catered to a core demographic – one that would rather spend time complaining that people of colour are talking about racism than tackling racism itself.
Mafia City begins with a message to players that explains the game's depiction of racism.
Our Ian is playing the open world gangster game now (watch how he gets on in the video, below), and spotted the in-game message that pops up before the action begins.
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Winning Eleven 2012 APK v1.0.1 Download (Latest Version) 2023
Winning Eleven 2012 APK is a popular 3D football game with a realistic football environment, a realistic game scenario, and an Android-optimized user interface. When you start the game, you will find a number of ways to play, a collection of 2600 football teams that are chosen randomly per gene, and a number of stadiums.
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Size 130MB
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Hile (grec antic: Ύλη, Ile; llatí: Hyle) fou el nom de tres ciutats gregues:

 Hile de Beòcia
 Hile de Lòcrida
 Hile (Xipre)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


In top lighting, the light comes straight down onto the head. It occurs often under a streetlight, a hallway light, or a noonday sun.
The forehead and the nose intercept most of the light. These parts of the face carry relatively little expression. The mouth and eyes, the chief agents of sympathy, are lost in shadow.
As a result, the subject's emotion is masked. The effect can be threatening, mysterious, or inscrutable. Above: N.C. Wyeth, from Kidnapped.
You probably wouldn't want to use this lighting arrangement for portraits, but it can yield powerful effects for a dramatic entrance of a dangerous character, or for conveying a feeling of cool detachment. Above: Dean Cornwell.
Very interesting. Thanks for this series.
This is my favourite facial lighting scheme.
Great series, Sir. The photos of Abe in different lighting are quality reference images!
Terrific series of posts, I had not thought of the suggested interpretations of different lighting... With the exception, of course of the bottom lighting often seen on Halloween.


Re: Are you happy today?
OH no don't apologize, haha Meredith, I really appreciate what you've done - so many topics indeed is superconfusing, so I understand !
I will move your post for you to Shout Out .
Is there any way I can make it change to "Shout Out" ?
I have to apologize, too =_=...I am still trying to figure out what topics are about..so....I sometimes put wrong things in wrong places..
Meredith, that's a sweet article !
Yet I must say I think it's more of a Shout Out, rather than a Daily Life Peek. It certainly is about your Daily Life in Taichung, but the focus is more on your Life than Taichung, if you understand what I mean haha:P.
What I'm trying to say is that Daily Life Peek isn't personal. The pictures are about the place they are taken in, while pictures in a Shout Out are personal, about you and your life.
In this post, the pictures don't tell people much about Taichung, but they tell about you: personal --> Shout Out.
Besides, Daily Life Peek is actually one big gathering of pictures, just a little text to explain what they're about - while Shout Outs are more likely to be texts with some pictures to illustrate : ).
That's my own opinion though, if anyone disagrees, please tell me so !


Preparations for the 2019 Budget have moved into high gear.
Already the Ministry of Finance has held meaningful discussions with the private sector and credit unions and has confirmed the participation of stakeholders from the Bankers Association for Wednesday, 29 August, while agriculture and fisheries will have their say Thursday, 30 August 2018 at the Upper-Level Night Club, in Grenville St Andrew, beginning at 4:30 pm.
A consultation would also be held in the Sister Isle for the people of Carriacou and Petite Martinique at the Hillsborough Resource Centre, on Friday, 31 August 2018 beginning at 5 pm.


There seems to be a Transit derivative to suit any job.
Customers can choose between a range of roof heights and wheelbases for the panel van versions, while there are also chassis cabs, box vans, dropsides and tippers.
Vans are available in front-wheel drive up to 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight (GVW), and in rear-wheel drive from 3.3 tonnes upwards.
The front-wheel drive versions offer a lower load sill at the rear, while rear-wheel drive versions can provide better traction if carrying particularly heavy loads.
By the time the majority of the range was launched in mid-2001 the Transit could boast a larger choice of roof heights, body lengths, weights and transmissions than any other panel van.
Load volume ranges from 6.6 cubic metres on short-wheelbase low-roof models to 11.3 cubic metres on a long-wheelbase high-roof model. The Jumbo long-wheelbase model has a load voume of 14.3 cubic metres.


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MenuStadium GuideTransportation GuideEntertainment and Events GuideSuites GuideListen & WatchMediaManage Tickets
Suites Guide
Download or open Waze to get the most efficient route to your parking lot. Waze is the only GPS program with event day traffic plans and street closures incorporated, providing you with accurate directions and real-time traffic alerts.
Waze for iOS
Waze for Android
Save yourself time and hassle by reserving your parking spot before you get to the stadium. Click here for a full description of each of the available parking areas, including tailgating availability.
CLICK HERE FOR TO RESERVE YOUR SPOT
Click on image for full screen version
A city-wide, bus, rail, and paratransit system with to Mercedes-Benz Stadium is available to you. When riding MARTA to/from Mercedes-Benz Stadium on Matchday, please note that the closest MARTA station is the GWCC/Philips Arena/CNN Center Station. This station will drop you off at Mercedes-Benz Stadium's front door.
Download the MARTA on the Go app for real-time train arrivals.
MARTA directions to the stadium:
Southbound:
Take the Red (Airport) or Gold (Airport) Lines to Five Points Station. Transfer for FREE onto either Westbound train: Blue (Hamilton E. Holmes) or Green (Bankhead). Exit at the GWCC/Philips Arena CNN Center Station and head up the escalator to Mercedes-Benz Stadium.
Alternate Route 1: Take the train to the Five Points Station and walk west on Marietta Street. Turn on Andrew Young International Blvd. at Philips Arena/Omni Hotel and head toward the stadium.
Alternate Route 2: Take the train to the Peachtree Center Station and walk west on Andrew Young International Blvd. through Centennial Olympic Park and head toward the stadium.
Northbound:
Take the Red (North Springs) or Gold (Doraville) Lines to Five Points Station. Transfer for FREE onto the either Westbound train: Blue (Hamilton E. Holmes) or Green (Bankhead). Exit at the GWCC/Philips Arena/CNN Center Station and head up the escalator to Mercedes-Benz Stadium.
Eastbound:
Take the BLUE (Indian Creek) or Green (Edgewood/Candler Park) Lines to the Vine City Station or the GWCC/Philips Arena/CNN Center Station. Exit the train and head up the escalator to Mercedes-Benz Stadium.
Westbound:
Take the Blue (Hamilton E. Holmes) or Green (Bankhead) to the GWCC/Philips Arena/CNN Center Station. Exit the train and head up the escalator to Mercedes-Benz Stadium.
Mercedes-Benz Stadium is adjacent to a bicycle network via the Westside PATH, an off-road trail for pedestrians and cyclists connecting the stadium to Centennial Park, Georgia Tech, and the Westside Atlanta Beltline. Once at the stadium, cyclists can park at one of the 250 bike racks located around the stadium or at our bike valet that will be available for most major event days. Click here to learn more about our Ride the Stripes initiative, benefiting the YMCA of Metro Atlanta.
Mercedes-Benz Stadium has partnered with Lyft to provide two pick-up/drop-off locations in close proximity to the stadium. Fans trying to travel North/South are encouraged to exit the stadium at Gate 1 to access the Lyft zone located at GWCC Building C North of the stadium on Northside Dr. The secondary location is at the corner of Centennial Olympic Park Drive and Martin Luther King, Jr. Drive, and can be easily accessed from Gates 2, 3, or 4.
Lyft for iOS
Lyft for Android
Entering the Stadium/Pedestrian Walking Bridge
The new city of Atlanta pedestrian bridge crossing over Northside Drive linking the Vine City MARTA station and the Home Depot Backyard/Mercedes-Benz Stadium is now open. Stadium operations and the security teams have implemented a plan for fan, guest and associate movement for ingress and egress during events. This plan is in place to ensure the safety, security and efficiency of every guest and associate attempting to cross Northside Drive.
Below are the security details for ingress and egress to Mercedes-Benz Stadium for events:
The Carter St. crosswalk at Northside Dr will be closed approximately 2 hours prior to gates opening. You will be required to use the pedestrian bridge to cross Northside Drive.
The Gate 1 plaza entry will be closed and will not allow for drop-offs. All drop-offs must occur in the deceleration lane on Northside Dr close to Magnolia St. (entrance to HDBY). Police will enforce and potentially ticket violators who stop in the travel lanes.
When departing MBS and looking to cross Northside Drive, guests/Associates may cross via the pedestrian bridge using the ramp
Walk along the west side of the stadium and cross at the intersection of MLK Dr and Northside Dr in the front of the Administration offices
Walk along the plaza of the HDBY down Northside Drive and cross at Thurmond St. across from the GWCC Hall C.
The safety and security of our fans, guests and associates is top priority and we thank you for patience and help in making this a seamless process.
General Matchday Info
Stadium gates open 1.5-2 hours prior to each match. Click here for match-by-match updates.
The ticket office is located outside Gate 1.
Outside food & beverage is not permitted into the building
Children taller than 33 inches will require a valid ticket to enter stadium gates
Parking lots open 4-5 hours before each home match. Click here for match-by-match updates.
We strongly encourage all fans to NOT bring any type of bag(s). Fans will be able to carry the following style and size bag, package, or container into the stadium as outlined below:
Bags that are clear plastic, vinyl or PVC and do not exceed 12" x 6" x 12". One-gallon clear plastic freezer bag (Ziploc bag or similar).
Small clutch bags, no larger than 4.5" x 6.5", with or without a handle or strap can be taken into the stadium.
An exception will be made for medically necessary items after proper inspection at a gate designated for this purpose.
For additional information on policies and events, please see our Stadium Guide and Matchday Entertainment & Events Guide.
Latest News & Media
Three Atlanta United Academy players to train at Aberdeen FC
RDS playing key role in bridge from grassroots to ATL UTD Academy
Atlanta United 2 signs Baboucarr Njie


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What risks scare you probably the most?
Leadership is painfully or gloriously evident in crisis. The warts and failing are obvious to most. What occurred, why did things occur? There is a pure inclination to have a look at these in energy…perhaps elected leaders, CEO's…those people who we now have trusted. After which, actuality hits. These with the delegated energy to guard have failed. What's left?
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Nashville - On June 10, Grammy winner Ray Stevens will be performing the national anthem at the 2018 CMA Fest in Nashville, Tennessee.
A multi-platinum-selling country artist, Stevens will kick-off the final night of concerts at the CMA Fest in Nashville when he sings "The Star-Spangled Banner" at the Nissan Stadium, where he will perform at 7:45 p.m.
Ray Stevens remarked that it is an honor to perform the national anthem, especially in Nashville "for all the great country music fans at the CMA Fest."
Aside from Ray Stevens, that night's musical line-up will include newly inducted Country Music Hall of Famer Ricky Skaggs, Brett Eldredge, Florida Georgia Line and Luke Bryan.
Earlier this year, Stevens opened his very entertainment venue in Nashville called the CabaRay Showroom, where the iconic artist performs his weekly live shows.
To learn more about veteran country sensation Ray Stevens, check out his official website.
For more information on Ray Stevens' venue CabaRay, visit its official homepage.


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Saint-Martin-d'Ablois  es una población y comuna francesa, en la región de Champaña-Ardenas, departamento de Marne, en el distrito de Épernay y cantón de Épernay-2.

Demografía

Enlaces externos
 INSEE

Saint Martin d'Ablois


The multicultural training typology introduced here is comprised of programs that may be broadly divided into three classes, according to their main emphasis. This implies the need for a multicultural education particularly inside the curriculum and apply of trainer training inside not simply America, however the Caribbean as nicely. Finally, academics should provide their classroom libraries with picture books, adolescent novels, and reference books that target biracial youngsters. The five minute museum is when for the five minute demo initially of a class college students are proven artwork which they focus on for five minutes, thus turning the classroom right into a museum of types (Douglas & Jaquith, 2009).
At the middle of many debates about multicultural schooling is the question of whether or not such approaches might actually serve to divide quite than unite Americans, and whether or not sure methods are essentially truthful to all students. The third and closing group, academic practitioners, holds the view that multicultural schooling will increase the self-esteem of scholars from minority cultures and prepares them to turn out to be profitable in the international market.
Media education encourages youngsters to suppose critically in regards to the messages they encounter everyday and take into account the attitude of those who created them. Although cultural pluralists in art training argue that Western mainstream artwork is neither politically nor ideologically innocent, we are inclined to embrace the art of different cultures as if it have been harmless, failing to look at its politics and ideology (Collins & Sandell, 1992, p. 9).
This information will give younger adults a since of significance as well as assist them in making better judgments relating to their future, and the future of society. It is enjoyable to see scholars and practitioners of the world pursue academic equity issues wherever they are. As I mentioned earlier that scholar get alternative to check in society which is multicultural, student are trained to be higher human with more wide horizons.
It due to this fact becomes necessary for Caribbean society to outline and be pioneers in writing their widespread tradition, given her context. As an adjunct Professor I am affiliated with most of the colleges in Northeast PA, teaching Multicultural Education, Sociology of Diversity and Early Childhood Education has opened my eyes to appreciate how precious PANAME is and might be for all educators. The function of covert racial prejudice, attitudinal ambivalence, and guilt in receptivity to multicultural training.


text:
namespace {
template<typename T>
arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::basic_string_ref<T> const& value // value
) {
  // store nulls verbatim
  if (value.null()) {
    builder.add( // add value
      arangodb::velocypack::Value(arangodb::velocypack::ValueType::Null) // value
    );
  } else {
    builder.add(arangodb::iresearch::toValuePair(value));
  }

  return builder;
}

template<typename T>
arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::string_ref const& key, // key
  irs::basic_string_ref<T> const& value // value
) {
  TRI_ASSERT(!key.null()); // Builder uses memcpy(...) which cannot handle nullptr

  // store nulls verbatim
  if (value.null()) {
    builder.add( // add value
      key.c_str(), // key data
      key.size(), // key size
      arangodb::velocypack::Value(arangodb::velocypack::ValueType::Null) // value
    );
  } else {
    builder.add(key.c_str(), key.size(), arangodb::iresearch::toValuePair(value));
  }

  return builder;
}
}

namespace arangodb {
namespace iresearch {

arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addBytesRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::bytes_ref const& value // value
) {
  return addRef(builder, value);
}

arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addBytesRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::string_ref const& key, // key
  irs::bytes_ref const& value // value
) {
  return addRef(builder, key, value);
}

arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addStringRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::string_ref const& value // value
) {
  return addRef(builder, value);
}

arangodb::velocypack::Builder& addStringRef( // add a value
  arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder, // builder
  irs::string_ref const& key, // key
  irs::string_ref const& value // value
) {
  return addRef(builder, key, value);
}

bool mergeSlice(arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder,
                arangodb::velocypack::Slice const& slice) {
  if (builder.isOpenArray()) {
    if (slice.isArray()) {
      builder.add(arangodb::velocypack::ArrayIterator(slice));
    } else {
      builder.add(slice);
    }

    return true;
  }

  if (builder.isOpenObject() && slice.isObject()) {
    builder.add(arangodb::velocypack::ObjectIterator(slice));

    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

bool mergeSliceSkipKeys(arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder,
                        arangodb::velocypack::Slice const& slice,
                        std::function<bool(irs::string_ref const& key)> const& acceptor) {
  if (!builder.isOpenObject() || !slice.isObject()) {
    return mergeSlice(builder, slice);  // no keys to skip for non-objects
  }

  for (arangodb::velocypack::ObjectIterator itr(slice); itr.valid(); ++itr) {
    auto key = itr.key();
    auto value = itr.value();

    if (!key.isString()) {
      return false;
    }

    auto attr = getStringRef(key);

    if (acceptor(attr)) {
      builder.add(attr.c_str(), attr.size(), value);
    }
  }

  return true;
}

bool mergeSliceSkipOffsets(arangodb::velocypack::Builder& builder,
                           arangodb::velocypack::Slice const& slice,
                           std::function<bool(size_t offset)> const& acceptor) {
  if (!builder.isOpenArray() || !slice.isArray()) {
    return mergeSlice(builder, slice);  // no offsets to skip for non-arrays
  }

  for (arangodb::velocypack::ArrayIterator itr(slice); itr.valid(); ++itr) {
    if (acceptor(itr.index())) {
      builder.add(*itr);
    }
  }

  return true;
}

// can't make it noexcept since VPackSlice::getNthOffset is not noexcept
Iterator::Iterator(VPackSlice slice) {
  TRI_ASSERT(isArrayOrObject(slice));
  _length = slice.length();

  if (0 == _length) {
    return;
  }

  // according to Iterator.h:160 and Iterator.h:194
  auto const offset = isCompactArrayOrObject(slice)
                         ? slice.getNthOffset(0)
                         : slice.findDataOffset(slice.head());
  _begin = slice.start() + offset;

  _value.type = slice.type();

  static_assert(!std::numeric_limits<VPackValueLength>::is_signed);
  _value.pos = VPackValueLength(0) - 1;
}

bool Iterator::next() noexcept {
  if (0 == _length) {
    return false;
  }

  // whether or not we're in the context of array or object
  VPackValueLength const isObject = VPackValueType::Array != _value.type;

  _value.key = VPackSlice(_begin);
  _value.value = VPackSlice(_begin + isObject * _value.key.byteSize());

  _begin = _value.value.start() + _value.value.byteSize();
  ++_value.pos;
  --_length;

  return true;
}

}  // namespace iresearch
}  // namespace arangodb

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// --SECTION--                                                       END-OF-FILE
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Rediff Interview/US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice
On her maiden trip to India and Pakistan, US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice [Images] expressed America's pleasure at the peace process between the two countries and by not announcing the sale of F-16s to Pakistan, did not raise alarm bells in India. She also invited Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh [Images] to USA on her President's behalf and indicated that President George W Bush [Images] would make a trip to India in the not-so-distant future.
No deal with Pak on F-16s
In an interview to Hamid Mir in Islamabad, the US secretary of state spoke of America's security concerns about the India-Iran gas pipeline, the hunt for Osama bin Laden and America's perception in the Muslim world.
You met Indian leaders in Delhi. Are you satisfied with the dialogue process going on between India and Pakistan?
We're very impressed with the positive dialogue thus far. The fact that the leaders on both sides seem intent on trying to improve relations. We understand that there are deep division underneath, that there are differences that would have to be overcome to have a lasting chance for a good relationship. But it's a very good thing that there are links opening up. It's a very good thing that both sides seem committed to a more peaceful future.
It's a good thing that President Musharraf is going to some cricket match. Last night, he actually tried to explain cricket to me and I promised I was going to figure out what...
You don't understand cricket?
No, I'm afraid not (laughs).
Tell us why is the US against the India-Iran gas pipeline?
Well, we've voiced our concerns to the Indian government about the gas pipeline with Iran. It's not only with India. We've similarly talked to Japan [Images] about a gas project that they would have because the United States has sanctions on Iran for good reasons. We have many differences with Iran about terrorism, about interference in their neighbour's affairs, about the fate of the Iranian people themselves. And so we've voiced our concerns.
But we also understand that this and other such projects are emblematic of the tremendous energy demands that are there in growing economies, like in India or the Pakistan economy, or for that matter, the growing economy of the United States and that the message that we are therefore carrying to everyone is that we all need to pool our thinking, our technologies, our ability to come up with reliable energy supplies...
Visit marks new ties
Why is the US not selling F-16 planes to Pakistan?
Well, I am here, in part, to discuss defence requirements and defence needs, as we continue to do. And we are concerned about the defence requirements of Pakistan. We're concerned about issues of military balance, and as good allies, we will continue to do so.
And when will President Bush visit Pakistan and India?
Well, that's a good question. I know he very much wants to come. We hope that it won't be very long from now...
There is a perception here in some political circles that you are here to seek assistance from President Musharraf against Iran. So tell us what was the real objective of your visit?
Well, the objective of my visit was -- as in my first months as Secretary of State and in the first months of President Bush's second term -- to come here to our valuable ally and friend Pakistan to talk about what we're doing jointly together in the war on terrorism, but also to make the point to the government of Pakistan and to the Pakistani people that we consider this relationship to be broader and deeper than just what we are doing in the war on terrorism, as important as that is.
So we've had discussions on economic reforms, of the support that the United States is giving to educational reforms here. We hope to help Pakistan in any way that we can, as well as India, in continuing the warming of relations between India and Pakistan. So we've had very good discussions. We had discussions about Pakistan and Afghanistan, now both allies in the war on terrorism. So that's the course.
You have spent many hours with President Pervez Musharraf [Images]. Have you discussed the political situation in Pakistan and have you discussed his uniform?
Well, we certainly discussed, as we are with all of our friends, the importance of a democratic path for Pakistan. We talked about the fact that the press is open and increasingly free here, that it's vibrant, and such an important step forward about the educational reforms. But of course, we fully expect there has to be a democratic path and that elections have to be held.
The President made a major point in his inaugural address that democracy -- the discussion of democracy would have to be an issue with every country in the world. And so that is also true here in Pakistan.
Are you satisfied with the investigations regarding nuclear black marketing and investigations against Dr A Q Khan?
First of all, it was a very good thing for the world that the A Q Khan network is out of business and we are working with a number of governments around the world, most especially Pakistan, to make sure that that is indeed the case. We have good cooperation with Pakistan on this matter, good information sharing, and we are working with all who might have been involved because this is a very serious matter.
The thought of a black market entrepreneur trading in the world's most terrible weapons technology, really gives us cause to think that this is not just a state-to-state issue but that these networks need to be understood and broken up.
Do you want direct access to Dr A Q Khan for your investigators?
Well, we are working with the Pakistanis for reasonable arrangements to get what we need to work together in order to deal with this problem. It's important to realise that this isn't just of interest to the United States. It's, of course, of interest to Pakistan which wants to know what happened here. And so I'm confident that we can work together and arrangements can be made.
President Musharraf recently said in an interview that he had lost track of Osama bin Laden. Do you think US intelligence agencies have also lost track of Osama bin Laden?
Well, I can't speak to the day to day of this, but we of course are working hard to find Osama bin Laden. There is a worldwide intelligence network and law enforcement network that is now tracking and pursuing Al Qaeda [Images].
The one good thing is that Osama bin Laden's world has gotten a lot smaller than it was just a few years ago. He cannot operate in Afghanistan; he cannot operate with impunity in Afghanistan or in the Northwest frontier, here in Pakistan, because people are actively seeking him and actively seeking Al Qaeda.
It is also true that it's important as it would be to get Osama bin Laden, as much as I look forward to the day that that phone call comes. It is the Al Qaeda network that is key here and we have succeeded in putting out of commission many of the Al Qaeda field generals, people like Khalid Sheikh Mohammed or Abu Zubaida.
We have also succeeded in constraining their financial resources and pull. And as I said, their world is getting smaller, it's harder for them to communicate, it's harder for them to operate, and that is a very important goal too.Recently, an Al Qaeda courier was captured and US intelligence officials revealed that he was carrying a message from bin Laden to Al Zarqawi in Iraq.
Does that mean that that bin Laden is still active and operating?
We're quite certain that he is still active, in some sense, but I don't think any of us know the degree of that activity; that Zarqawi would somehow link up with Al Qaeda and Osama bin Laden is not surprising. In fact, he had links earlier on to Al Qaeda and operated in Iraq even before the war. But Zarqawi is also now operating in a different environment. The Zarqawi network can cause spectacular damage and spectacular loss of life with the car bombings they carry out.
But they can't offer the Iraqi people a promising picture. Only the political process that really got a tremendous boost with the election back in January can offer the Iraqis a political future and Zarqawi did everything that he could to make sure that the Iraqi people would not vote. He threatened them. There were posters up that threatened them. But they voted anyway and that's a defeat for terrorism.
The US is facing a crisis of image in the Muslim world. What are you doing for improving your image in the Muslim world?
We found out that the United States needs to do a better job of explaining what it is that we are doing. And I would just make a couple of points: first of all, the United States in the last several times that it has used force, it has largely been on behalf of Muslims who were in trouble.
Whether it was in Kuwait, where we freed Kuwait of Saddam Hussein who had occupied the country. In the Balkans and Bosnia-Herzegovina and in Kosovo, where Muslim populations were being slaughtered by Serbs and by others. In Afghanistan because the Muslim population was freed of one of the worst regimes in the 20th century, the Taliban, which was brutal in its suppression of the people and particularly brutal in its treatment of women.
In Iraq, it has been the United States and the coalition that has given an opportunity to the Iraqi people to vote and to show that democracy can take hold in the center of the Arab world, something that has stimulated people in much of the Middle East to feel the winds of freedom. And of course, we have enormous respect for the great faith of Islam.
We have enormous respect for Muslim culture. I might point out that one of the fastest growing groups in the United States is the Muslim population, where American Muslims worship freely, where they hold their traditions, where they educate their children in their traditions.
And so, the greatest respect that the United States can have for the Muslim population is that we believe, like all other people in the world, they desire freedom and liberty and that they aspire to the human dignity that comes with freedom and liberty. We do not subscribe to the idea that somehow Muslims -- that the Muslim faith and democracy can't live in the same body. Of course, they can.
So I think that if we can simply have an opportunity to talk more about what America has meant for the Muslim population, such as has needed to be freed from brutal regimes, what -- how well Muslims do in the United States, and also that we believe strongly that there are going to be burgeoning, vibrant Muslim democracies.
I think you don't believe in the clash of civilisation too.
I absolutely do not believe in the clash of civilisations. We are all one civilisation and that's a human civilisation that I think aspires to the dignity that comes with freedom and liberty.
Photograph: Jewel Samad/AFP/Getty Images | Design: Dominic Xavier