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Битва при Гумбіннені (20 серпня 1914) — битва на Східному фронті Першої світової війни. Відбулася під час Східно-Прусської операції 1914 року. Завершилася перемогою російських військ та відступом німецьких частин.

Вступ в Східну Пруссію
Згідно з планом російського командування, 1-ша та 2-га армії повинні були наступати в Східну Пруссію з метою розгрому 8-ї німецької армії. Першою повинна була наступати 1-ша армія під командуванням генерала від кавалерії Ренненкампфа.

Перейшовши державний кордон, 14 серпня 1-ша кавалерійська дивізія генерала Гурко зі складу 1-ї армії, захопила прикордонне місто Макграбов, проте розвідати що-небудь про супротивника не вдалося. Не отримавши ніяких розвідувальних даних про противника, в той же день дивізія, залишивши місто, відійшла на свою територію. 17 серпня кордон перейшла вся 1-ша армія, на 60-кілометровому фронті.

Прітвіц, дізнавшись про просування російських військ, почав висувати свої частини назустріч російській армії. Проти 2-й армії, що наступала, був виставлений заслін з одного корпусу, а основні сили були націлені на розгром 1-ї російської армії.

Бої перед битвою
Німецьке командування вирішило дати бій біля м. Гумбіннен за 40 км від державного кордону. Сюди і стягувалися всі основні сили 8-ї армії. Російська армія була в складі 6,5 піхотних і 5,5 кавалерійських дивізій і 55 батарей, проти них німецьке командування виставило 8,5 піхотних, 1 кавалерійську дивізії та 95 батарей, у тому числі 22 важкі. Однак під час руху до Гумбіннена в штабі 8-ї армії дізналися, що 1-й німецький корпус під командуванням генерала Франсуа всупереч наказам продовжував рухатися вперед назустріч російським військам. Затримати російські війська на проміжних рубежах в плани німецького командування не входило. Тому Франсуа був відданий наказ негайно припинити рух, однак той відповів, що відійде лише тоді, «коли росіяни будуть розбиті».

3-й корпус російських військ відірвався і вийшов вперед основних сил російської армії. Солдати йшли колонами, без розвідки та охорони. Франсуа націлився завдати удар у фланг 28-ї піхотної дивізії. Від несподіваного нападу російські війська понесли значні втрати, загинув командир, дивізія відступила. Дізнавшись, що Франсуа вже вступив у бій, Прітвіц наказав йому негайно відійти, проте всі накази командування Франсуа залишав без уваги. У штаб 8-ї армії він доповів про перемогу, однак, отямившись від удару, російські війська незабаром перейшли в контратаку, а у фланг німцям вдарила російська 25-та піхотна дивізія, яка прибула на підмогу. Зав'язався запеклий бій, російські війська відбили своїх полонених, яких Франсуа захопив при нападі на 28-му дивізію, а також самі захопили багато полонених, інтендантські запаси та 7 гармат.

Німецький корпус відступив. Однак незабаром німецьке командування прийняло рішення якомога швидше дати бій 1-й російської армії, розбити її і переключитися на 2-гу.

Битва

Битва розпочалася 20 серпня на фронті на відстані 50 км від м. Гумбіннен до м. Гольдап. Співвідношення сил перед боєм було не на користь російської армії, яка мала: 6,5 піхотних і 1,5 кавалерійських дивізії (63,8 тис. бійців, 380 гармат, 252 кулемети). Німці мали 8,5 піхотних та 1 кавалерійську дивізію (74,5 тис. чол., 408 легких і 44 важких артилерійських установок — за іншими даними 508 гармат, 224 кулемета).

Битва почалася на північному крилі, де був атакований корпус Франсуа, удар німців посилився на 28-му піхотну дивізію, в тил російським військам. Франсуа кинув кавалерійські частини, які розгромили обози 28-ї дивізії, однак заглибитися в свої тили російські війська їм не дозволили. 28-ма дивізія, зазнавши великих втрат, організовано відступила під захист своєї артилерії, і мужньо протистояла двократно переважаючим силам ворога. До середини дня на допомогу 28-ї дивізії підійшла 29-та, російські дивізії завдали контрудар і частини німецького корпусу почали відступати.

У центрі війська під командуванням генерала Макензена висунулися на вихідні рубежі до 8 ранку, проте російські війська помітили корпус Макензена та відкрили шквальний вогонь, німці зазнали великих втрат, 17-й корпус Макензена втратив 8000 солдатів і 200 офіцерів. Німці в паніці відступали, російські війська захопили 12 гармат. Під Гольдапом, на південному фланзі, німецький 1-й резервний корпус генерала Белова прибув на місце битви опівдні, зіткнення мало нерішучий характер, а після відступу корпусу Макензена Белов також віддав наказ про відхід.

Підсумки битви
Ренненкампф віддав наказ переслідувати ворога, що відступав, однак внаслідок втрат і відставання тилів цей наказ був скасований. Після поразки під Гумбінненом генерал Прітвіц віддав наказ 8-й армії відступати зі Східної Прусії, відходячи за Віслу. Панічні настрої Прітвіца лякали німецьку Ставку, й незабаром він був усунений з поста командувача 8-ї армією. 8-ма армія отримала нового командувача генерала-полковника Пауля фон Гінденбурга.
Вінстон Черчілль про перемогу російських військ під Гумбінненом писав:

Цікаві факти
В бою під Гумбінненом німецький кінно-артилерійський дивізіон виїхав на відкриту позицію, щоб знищити російські артилерійські батареї, які знаходились на закритій позиції. Таке розташування гармат, коли батарея добре замаскована та стає малоуразливого для противника, а стрілянина проводиться по допоміжної точці наведення, було вперше освоєно в російсько-японській війні 1904–1905 рр. Воно дозволило російським артилеристам в найкоротший термін знищити цей дивізіон. Свідок, російський офіцер 106-го Уфимського полку, згодом згадував:
  Ось і геройський артилерійський дивізіон, розстріляний ураганним вогнем російської артилерії. Здалеку деяких з убитих офіцерів і канонірів можна прийняти за живих, так виразно їх осклілі погляди та застиглі жести й пози.
Ось молодий офіцер з піднятою шаблею, закинутою головою і відкритим, кричущим ротом (ймовірно команду), з очима, спрямованими в небо, застиг у самої гармати! Ось, солдат, зовсім як живий, наполовину вставив снаряд в гармату і, стоячи на колінах, втупив очі свої з якимось особливим подивом вгору, немов запитує: «У чому справа?!» і т. д. Ці фігури здалеку здавалися живими, але коли ми підійшли ближче, то побачили, що у офіцера три чверті голови ззаду була відірвана і залишилася буквально одна маска, а у солдата був вибитий весь живіт. Очевидно, смерть була моментальна та безболісна, тому й збереглося таке живий вираз на їхніх обличчях.
Ось батарея, розстріляна на самому виїзді на позицію в повнію запряжці, не встигла не тільки відкрити вогонь, але і зупинитися: всі вбиті люди і коні дружно лежать разом на своїх місцях, а солдати лежать навіть верхи на конях або поблизу їх.
Коні! Бідні тварини! Чим вони винні у всій цій катастрофі, що сталася між людьми?!

Примітки

Література
 Лиддел Гарт: History of the WW1
 Книга: Такман Б.: Августовские пушки
 Пахалюк К. Восточная Пруссия, 1914–1915. Неизвестное об известном. Калининград, 2008

Битви Росії в Першій світовій війні
Битви Німеччини у Першій світовій війні
Битви Першої світової війни
Битви 1914
Конфлікти в 1914
Новітня історія Калінінградської області
Події 20 серпня
Серпень 1914
Битви у Калініградській області
Гусєв


text:
12:00 AM, June 16, 2019 / LAST MODIFIED: 01:04 AM, June 16, 2019
Canals split into pieces by govt departments, locals
Like this one over Bharani canal in Dhanisafa union, at least six other permanent roads and cross dams now block water transport through different canals in Mathbaria upazila. The photos were taken recently. photo: Habibur Rahman
Habibur Rahman
The trend of encroaching on manmade or natural waterbodies across the country has taken a new form in Mathbaria upazila, where numerous dams and roads have been built across at least four canals.
Although the canals are now rendered useless, the general public, for whom the canals were built, are too powerless to protest against such encroachment by influential locals or government departments.
Locals said nearly 15 years ago, Mosharraf Hossain Akan, a former chairman of Dhanisafa Union Parishad, constructed a road across Bharani canal to connect Phuljhuri and Patakata villages.
Water transport through the canal has since remained suspended, causing sufferings to locals, they said, adding that to make matters worse, Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) gave a permanent form to the road in Bhangapul area by completing carpeting work over it.
Soon enough, two more cross dams sprung up in the vicinity -- one on the same Bharani canal and the other on its branch. This time those were built by locals to use the canal as their fish enclosure.
Around eight years ago, a dam was built across Bhuter Khal (canal), another branch of Bharani canal, in Badura village of Mirukhali union in the upazila.
After a second dam on Bhuter Khal was built near Badura Bazar area, another department of the government, Roads and Highways Department (RHD), built a permanent road on it.
Recently, another canal in the same village met the same fate as locals constructed a dam over it.
In the latest onslaught on the Bharani canal, a third dam across it has been built in front Begum Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mahila Kamil Madrasa.
Locals alleged that madrasa Principal Muhammad Abul Kalam Azad is behind the construction of the latest dam on Bharani canal as well as the two other dams on Bhuter Khal.
Refuting the accusations, the principal claimed that locals built all the dams over the canals to save their crop as well as roads alongside the canals.
Many villagers said due to the dams on the canals, their farmlands and dwellings now get inundated by tidal water more frequently.
Al Amin Sikder from Phuljhuri village in the upazila said, "Thousands of acres of land now remain uncultivable as they remain under water throughout most of the year."
Transport of bulk goods and commodities has also become more difficult and expensive with the destruction of the network of canals in the area in recent past, said many residents of the area.
"We used to be able to transport goods to and from different places of the upazila -- even between Mathbaria and Kathalia of Jhalakathi -- on vessels using the Bharani Khal. But water transport has become impossible in the last 15 years due to the dams on the canals," said Abdur Rouf Mollah from Algi Patakata village.
Contacted, Sayeed Ahammad, executive engineer of Water Development Board (WDB) in Pirojpur, said all the dams and roads, built by locals as well as the LGED and RHD, have no authorisation from WDB.
They formally asked both LGED and RHD to remove the roads across the canals and replace those with bridges, he said, adding that they also asked locals concerned to remove the illegal dams from the canals.
Sushanta Ranjan Roy, executive engineer of LGED in Pirojpur, said he was not aware of any road built by LGED across any canal in Mathbaria upazila.
Justifying their act that permanently obstructed the flow of a canal, Sub Assistant Engineer Ali Akbar of RHD in Pirojpur said they only built a road over a dam that had remained on the canal for a long time.
Acknowledging the situation, Abu Ali M Sazzad Hossain, deputy commissioner of Pirojpur, said, "We will take immediate steps after investigating into the matter."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oatmeal cookies are a popular favorite with both adults and kids.
These delicious low fat apple and oatmeal cookies have half the fat of regular cookies yet taste just as good.
Don't you just hate it when you make a low fat cookie recipe, only to be disappointed? These lowfat apple and oatmeal cookies will become a favorite in your home, give them a try and you won't be disappointed.
OK, so you're watching what you eat ....don't give up every indulgence. With these low-fat cookies, you can still enjoy a treat without feeling guilty.
So what are you waiting for? Fill your cookie jar with these tasty oatmeal treats and you can share them with family and friends. Or maybe you just want to keep them hidden in the cupboard to enjoy for yourself.
This low fat cookie recipe is simple, sweet and easy to prepare.
These apple and oatmeal cookies are the right snack to have with a nice apple and cinnamon tea.
Well... some people have a thing about coffee (and they're right), but that's one of the addictions I have not decided to abandon yet. (Yes! I confess! I like my apple and oatmeal cookies with coffee and skim milk!).
and salt, and set the mix aside.
Next, add the grated apple, egg and vanilla extract, and beat until well blended.
Add the oat mixture to the egg and apple blend, mix well, and add the raisins.
With an ice cream scoop, spoon the dough and drop onto the baking sheets forming 24 equal cookies and leaving 2 inches distance between each cookie.
Now flatten each cookie with spatula, and bake in center of middle oven rack 12-15 minutes, until the low fat apple and oat cookies go lightly browned.
When ready, transfer your apple and oatmeal low fat cookies to a cooling rack.
You can store this delicious low fat cookies in a sealable container when they're cool.
Wasn't this an easy low fat cookie recipe to prepare?
Return to Low Fat Baking Recipes.


It's been far too long since we posted some hot new music but this one couldn't pass without showing some love.
This is the debut release on the new Midnight Visions imprint (an offshoot of 20/20 Vision) and it surely hits the spot. The original "Soul Searching" is a sultry laid-back soul drenched house number.
You couldn't ask for better in Seven Davis Jr and Ron Basejam to remix an already sweet track.
Seven Davis Jr. delivers a loslung hypnotic version with his distinctive twisted beats while Ron Basejam brings some driving base to the forefront resulting in a surefire dancefloor bomb.
This is a limited 300 vinyl pressing so be quick people.


Used pews and used church furniture have all been sold out at this time. Quality Church Furniture is no longer selling or buying used pews, or used furniture. Please visit www.qualitychurchfurniture.com for very affordable new church pews and furniture.
At Quality Church Furniture, we know how frustrating it is to deal with the market of used pews. As a buyer you have to spend long hours scouring for used pews that will meet your needs. As a seller you have to figure out some method to find buyers for your used pews.
There are sites on the Internet that work as a message board where you can list your used pews or where you can look for used pews. Most of the listings do not include pictures and require you to check the boards to see if there has been any response to your posting. Then there are pay sites that require a fee of some sort in advance, but don't have a listing of buyers and just wait for the phone to ring.
We provide more than just a web site to post your listing on. We actively look for buyers and sellers and work on trying to bring the two together. We currently have over 1,600 buyers on our list. We do not charge any fees to the buyers for this service unless they receive free pews from one of our listings. For our efforts, we require a fee of 10% or $350.00, whichever is greater, for sales facilitated by our web site. This fee is due at the time of each sale.
Your listing creates hours of work editing the website, mailing, taking calls etc. We use these funds to cover the cost of running your listing.
any sales made. If at the end of the time limit, we have not been successful in finding a buyer, you are welcome to look at other options, or discontinue listing.
Notice: Our 45 day exclusive is just that, exclusive. If you plan to list your furniture in multiple outlets you will still be responsible for the seller fees, even though they may have sold through a different source. If you have a small lot or other circumstances where the exclusive period or terms necessitate modification, we consider them on a case by case basis and provide a modified seller agreement.
2. The QCF has an agreement with our buyers which states that if they receive free pews from one of the seller listings, they (the receiver of the furniture), not the seller, owe the fee. If sellers give their used items to a buyer for free, sellers are responsible for collecting a flat fee of $350.00 from the recipient and sending it to us.
3. Seller is responsible for keeping us informed in a timely manner. Seller will inform us of: number of items sold, when sold, to whom sold and at what price.
4. We do not guarantee a sale of all or part of your used items. We recommend that you accept any offers because you may not always be able to sell the lot to one buyer.
6. To start listing your pews, we require you to fill out the agreement, email us at least three good photos of the pews showing close-up of backs, front and ends, a inventory list containing numbers and lengths and any special features or accessories, and submit the signed agreement. The seller will be expected to provide us with as much information as possible in order that we may adequately describe the furniture and be able to answer any buyer's questions accurately in a timely manner.
7. This is a legally binding contract. Sellers that sell to one of our buyers, and not pay their listing fees when invoiced are subject to collection and/or legal action. If we are forced to take collection and/or legal action, all associated costs (collection fees, filing fees, attorney fees and any other costs incurred) will be added to the original amount due. Some states allow for triple damages in such suits and if legal in that state, triple damages will be sought.
8. Shipping and/or transportation of items is the responsibility of the buyer and seller is under no obligation to pack or otherwise prepare for or arrange transportation. It is the buyer's responsibility to remove, load and transport the furniture. The only expectation of the seller is to unbolt or otherwise do whatever is necessary to make the furniture ready for pickup.
1. Buyers will keep us informed. If they purchase any items through one of our listings they will inform us of: number of items purchased, when purchased, and at what price. If they receive their furniture free of charge they will be required to pay a flat $350.00 listing fee to the seller.
Since I started the used section on this site, I have put dozens of buyers and sellers in contact with one another. You may as well be one of them. Just fill out the form and we'll get started.
Shipping and/or transportation of items is the responsibility of the buyer.
Interested in BUYING or SELLING Church Pews, Chairs or Furniture?
We can only respond to those inquiries that have filled out the e-form! If you have an interest in specific listings, make a note on the form referencing the numbers.
All information listed here was provided by a 3rd party. We are not responsible for any inaccuracies.
Any communication relating to any for sale, or to buy items must include the listing number!
Remember; pews can be cut down in length.
Don't miss out because the pew you want is longer than what you need!
Very unique new listing of a portable display. This portable display is designed and works the same as trade show displays and is made by Coyote. This is the perfect item for churches that need to be portable! It's also the perfect item for outdoor services, weddings and even, yep, trade shows or booths! Versatile modular design allows for easy setup and takedown. The main body fits into three shipping containers.
Approximately 20' in length when fully assembled and attached together. Components don't have to be assembled.
New attachment to make curves or stand alone display. Display consists of three sections.
This unit was specially constructed for the user to place illuminated panels on positions "2" and "11". There are back lights for this included.
All components are in excellent condition but one connected for the center pop-up frame needs replacing.
The Coyote system features several unique advantages over other similar pop up display systems, especially its light weight and simplistic ease of use. Compared with complicated "snap in" channel bars and delicate locking/locating systems, the Coyote pop up display system uses state of the art "Rare Earth Neo Magnets" on both its channel bars and locking/location systems. These make it very quick and simple to erect and take down.
This display system is being offered for $4,500.000.
If a display like this is something you need, please contact us right away, I have a feeling this one will go quick once trade show types find it.
Nice new listing of solid wood pews in a cantilever configuration. These pews are equipped with card/pencil holders, cup holders and bookracks. They also have dark blue reversible, removable cushions. Asking $6,000 for the set, total ten pews.
Fresh new listing with church chairs and other furniture!
Many nice items in this lot of furniture! Seller is offering stacking, ganging sanctuary chairs with 3 1/2" padded seats, 118 58available at $26.00 each. These chairs were manufactured by the Overholtzer Company approximately five years ago. This seller also has 50 stacking banquet chairs for $15.00 each, a nice large literature rack for $100.00, and a very sturdy metal rolling media cart for $50.
If you have ever priced a media cart like this you will realize $50 is a steal.
Also available are 30 metal folding chairs in assorted colors for $10.00 each, an adjustable height childrens table, 3 x 6 rectangular that adjusts in height from 22" to 30" with blue trim for $50 and 8 plastic children's chairs, 14" seat height, 4 blue and 4 red for $15.00 each.
If your church needs a secure place to keep offerings or other valuables, this seller has a Mosler class 6, 4 drawer legal file that is fireproof and meets GSA standards. If you are in need of this type of safe you can save a lot of money here, offer price for this safe is $2,000.
Please see pics below of items.
This seller also has 8 very good looking chandeliers available, make an offer!
All pews from this listing have been sold.Beautiful pews with white colonial ends! Colonial ends are an expensive upgrade when purchasing new pews, get these for a fraction of the cost! Here is a listing of the available pews. Burgundy fabric upholstery on seats and backs. All have card/pen holders for pencils and tithing envelopes. These pews are 18 years old and were manufactured by Imperial.
Previously listed and sold items.
Nice large wood lecterns! Plenty of room, especially if you need a lectern that you are going to use with a pc, laptop or other multimedia gear. These lecterns are located in Atlanta, GA and are being offered for $300 each. If you have priced large lecterns lately you will know that this is a steal! This seller also has two one available.
This listing is located in Portland, Oregon.
Brand new listing located in Portland. Nice lot of pews that could easily outfit a small church. These pews feature solid wood (Oak) ends and supports. They are equipped with plenty of bookracks and card/pencil holders. Comfortable seating for about 120 to 130 people at 20" per person. The aisle ends of these pews have a discreet and attractive cross carved in.
These pews do have attached kneelers! They are easily removed if not needed.
Nice, solid wood chairs available in Elkhart, IN! New listing, chair listings do not last long so contact us as soon as possible if you would like these. Total quantity available 102. Cushions are teal fabric. Please see pictures below. The seller is offering these chairs for $25.00 per chair.
This listing is located in Centerburg, Ohio.
Brand new listing, centrally located. Nice lot of pews that could easily outfit a small church. These pews feature solid wood ends and supports. They are equipped with bookracks and card/pencil holders. These pews feature attractive L-shaped cantilever ends. There is a total of 20 pews in this lot: 16 pews 10' long, two pews 9'6" long and two pews 8' long. Upholstery fabric is an attractive blue-green. These pews are being offered for $140 per pew. Please contact us today for further details.
Pretty, well-made pews available in Sun City, California. These pews were manufactured in 1990.
14 pews 12 feet long with 2 matching twelve feet long screens. These pews are upholstered on seats and backs with a pleasant light rose upholstery. These pews have bookracks and card/pencil holders. These pews also have a feature rarely found on pews: button backs. This means that the seat is seperated from the back by small buttons so that dust, dirt, and other things like crumbs will not build up in seat/back junction but will fall to the floor to be easily vacuumed. This is an expensive option to purchase when ordering new pews!
Nice lot of 80 sanctuary chairs. Chairs were originally purchased in 2001 from Virginia Church Furniture. This is their Joseph model, stackable with a book pocket in the back. Twenty of the chairs have card and pencil holders on the backs which can be easily removed if not required. $2,000 OBO for the lot of 80.
Brand new listing located in Richmond, VA!
These pews have cup holders, card/pen holders and bookracks. They are upholstered in a pleasant gold fabric and still have a good amount of life in them. These pews have an option you don't see very often in the used pew market. There are nice oak fillets on the ends. The ends are traditional. There are enough pews in this lot to outfit one or two sanctuaries.
For all those folks out there that have been looking for a single pew, this listing is for you!
1 (one) 9'5" long pew with an upholstered seat. Wood is a dark walnut with a varnish finish.
Has solid, traditional style ends. Located near Lansing, Michigan.
in the miscellaneous box and we will put you in contact with the seller.
New Listing of pretty colonial end pews in Trenton, MO! A total of 29 pews are available. 27 pews 16 feet long, 1 pew at 12 feet long, 1 pew at 14 feet long. (Note: 2 of the 16 feet long pews have some damage but could be cut down.) These have cushions on both seat and back in a deep red color. The tops of the colonial ends are finished off with attractive stained wood trim. The caprail is also stained wood. These pews do have bookracks with card/pencil holders and communion cup holders.
This listing is a FREE listing. Anyone picking up these pews is only responsible for the listing fee! Details are in the information at the top of the page or feel free to call us with questions at 866-473-9748.
Nice pews available in Fall River, MA for a reasonable donation! This seller has 25 pews total, 20 that are 12 feet long.
These pews have traditional ends and nice spring seats, something you don't see very often in used pews because they are an expensive upgrade when they are built. This lot of pews is being offered for $1000 for all!
Great pews in a great location! These pews are located in Sellersburg, Indiana. Solid wood pews with traditional ends. The ends on these pews have no denominational engraving, making them perfect for use anywhere. The seats are not upholstered which would lend them to lobby or restaurant seating. These pews have bookracks and kneelers. Don't need kneelers? No problem, loosen a few screws and they're off. These pews have a light oak finish. This seller also has three railings with kneelers to outfit the front row. The railings are 10'8" long. The pews come from a pie shaped sanctuary so they are of varying lengths. Please see table for lengths and quantities. Pews that are longer than 15' 2" are mitered in the center with a support so that they can be disassembled for easier transport. This seller will divide and the asking price is $18.75 per linear foot. These pews will be available June 1st, 2007.
Great new chair listing in Ephrata, PA! 175 Teal green chairs with bookracks. These chairs are in great shape and ready to serve your congregation. Please look at the pictures carefully. This lot of chairs has 41 that have fabric covered supports and 134 that do not. These chairs are being offered for $19.00 each. Good used chair listings sell quickly so please contact us ASAP if you would like these chairs.
This listing is located in Mobile, Alabama. Wonderful solid wood pews with bookracks. Take a look at these pics. Beautiful solid wood with traditional ends. The ends are free of any denominational engraving so they can be used anywhere. There is a total of 8 pews. 7 of the pews have kneelers and bookracks. The kneelers are upholstered in a pleasing green. One of the pews has no bookracks or kneelers (was used as the last pew.) If you do not need kneelers, no problem, they are easily removed. This seller also has two privacy screens to complete the set . The privacy screens also have kneelers and bookracks. The pews and privacy rails are all 11 feet 3 inches long. These pews would be perfect for a congregation of about 50 to 60. If you would like to use them as restaurant seating, they would fit very well as they are solid wood with no upholstery to get dirty. Don't need the kneelers or pews are too long? The kneelers are simply unscrewed and removed. Since they are solid wood it would be easy to shorten them.
New listing in Westbury, New York! Nice pews with cantilevered ends. The ends are free of any denominational engraving so they will work in any church or synagogue. They have plenty of book rack space. This seller has sixteen of them and they are sixteen feet long. They are padded and upholstered with a pleasant patterned blue. This seller also has two lecterns, one small and one large. The large lectern is pictured with the upholstered cover. (cover is not included in sale.) The smaller lectern is lighted. There is also a matching set of chancel chairs. These chairs seat three and are connected. They are padded and upholstered in matching fabric and have nice tall backs. They are not made to be divided so have to be sold as one unit.
Listing number: (S054) REDUCED IN PRICE! NOW ONLY $225.00!
These nice old traditional pews are in Ohio. The solid oak pews have traditional end without religious engraving, so they are suitable for any denomination. They will also work well for home use, restaurants, or business waiting rooms. Most have bookracks, cup, and card/pencil holders. If you want padded seats and/or backs, or kneelers, QCF will be happy to give you a quote. There is a total of 8 pews, all 12 in length. The asking price $250.00 REDUCED to $225.00 per pew.
Nice new listing just for Easter! These chairs are located in sunny San Diego, California. Padded, metal, stacking, sanctuary chairs made by Church Chair Industries. Pleasing teal color. This seller has 350 available. He is offering these chairs for only$18.00 each. What more can I say? If your church needs sanctuary chairs you need to jump on this listing.
Great new listing! Solid oak upholstered pews in a pleasing medium-oak wood finish. The upholstery color is Gold. These pews have cantilevered ends, bookracks, communion cup holders, card-holders, pencil holders, you name it. There is a cross engraved into each pew end. There is a total of 30 pews. 28 of the pews are 13 feet 6 inches long. These are being offered for, wait for it .................only $125.00 Each! There are also 2 short pews 4 feet long for $50.00 each. Seller is willing to divide, come get a few or come get them all. These pews are located only 50 miles from Portland!
Check these out!!!!! Antique, solid wood pews located near Cincinnati, Ohio. These antique, decorative, Episcopalian pews are just the thing you may need to outfit your restaurant waiting area, in-home insurance office, the list is endless. There are 24 pews approximately 11 feet long. 19 of these pews have fold up kneelers. Most have book holders. If you don't need the kneelers, they are easily removed. These pews have a nice dark walnut finish. The ends have unique decorative tops but are non-denominational and could be used anywhere. The asking price on these pews is only $50.00 EACH!!!!! Did I say Solid Wood!
Do not wait! These pews will be gone in a flash.
Beautiful pews for the new year! Solid wood, padded and upholstered seats and kneelers. Nice medium blue color. Cup holders, bookracks and card/pencil holders, the works. These pews have traditional ends free of denominational engraving, perfect for any setting. Located right in Oklahoma City. If you don't need kneelers, no problem, they are easily removed. Their is a total of 45 pews. These pews are in varying lengths as they come from a pie shaped sanctuary. Seller is willing to divide so if you need only a few do not hesitate to contact us right away to secure these fine pews.
These pews are made of solid oak and have bookracks. The seats are upholstered in a pleasant mauve color. There are 14 pews that are 10 feet 8 inches long. The traditional ends on these pews are free of denominational engraving so they are suitable for any sanctuary. If you need kneelers, we will be happy to quote them for you. The asking price for these fine, solid wood pews is only $200.00. The seller is willing to divide so if you only need one or two do not hesitate to contact us about these pews.
Check out these beautiful burgundy pews with cantilevered ends. Located only 40 minutes from historic Atlanta, Georgia. There are a total of 25 pews. There are 24 pews that are 15 feet long and 1 pew that is ten feet long. These pews have comfy, padded seats. These pews were recently re-upholstered and are ready to serve your congregation. These pews have bookracks, cup holders and card/pencil holders. If you need kneelers, we will be happy to quote them for you. The asking price on the pews is only $75.00 per pew or $1875 for the whole lot. The seller is willing to divide so if you only need one or two do not hesitate to contact us about these pews.
Check out these lush, Regal Red pews with cantilevered ends. Located only 15 minutes from downtown Seattle, Washington. There are a total of 26 pews. There are 22 pews that are 12 feet long and 2 pews that are ten feet long and 2 pews that are 4 feet long. These pews have comfy, padded seats and backs. These pews have bookracks, cup holders and card/pencil holders. If you need kneelers, we will be happy to quote them for you. The asking price on the pews is only $2,500 $1,300.00 for the whole lot. The seller is willing to divide so if you only need one or two do not hesitate to contact us about these pews. Individual pews will go for $100 $50.00 . The 2 four foot pews will be sold for $50.
These pews are located in Marietta, PA. If you wish to outfit your church in one shot, this is it!! A total of 68 pews in various sizes, manufactured by the New Holland company, a leader in pews. They are solid wood with traditional ends free of denominational engraving. They have cup holders, card/pencil holders and bookracks. Seats are upholstered and padded in green, the wood is oak. This seller also has a matching greeting desk, sound booth, platform, staging area, steps, organ and piano levels and staging area facing!! There is too much to list here, so please download details here. If you would like to get an idea of the existing layout used with these pews and want to see what is possible please see layout plan here. These items will be available in early March, 2007. If you only need some, seller will divide!
These chairs are located in the Chicago metropolitan area. Chair listings are few and far between and this one is a doozy! Single width and double width chairs made by Chancellor. These chairs have Chancellor's unique low profile ganging system. You won't see that on a cheaper chair. This seller has 393193 93 singles and 100 doubles in a pleasing neutral color. This seller also has 21 doubles and 8 singles in a nice shade of blue. Get them while they are hot! This listing won't last long. Oh, did I forget to mention that all of them have built in book pouches? Not just any book pouches, strong Chancellor pouches!
Need bookracks, card holders, or kneelers. QualityChurchFurniture can help you out!
Ask QualityChurchFurniture about our seat/back cushions and kneelers.
Wanted to purchase, used pews and furniture.
We have over 1,000 churches looking for used pews and chairs in our buyers database at this time.


Igor is a passionate entrepreneur investor and mentor from Macedonia. He is an associate at South Central Ventures, co-founder of Startup Macedonia and actively involved in developing the Startup Ecosystem in Macedonia. He has a Business background and experience in business development, lead generation and sales for startups. His favorite activities include problem-solving and overcoming obstacles for seed and early-stage companies, as well as sharing his experience through mentoring startups on the lessons learned the hard way with his own Startup Finderolo. He always looks for the best Tech startups in the SEE region to invest and as a community builder, he is involved in many local and regional initiatives and events such as co-organizing Startup Europe Week, Startup Weekend Skopje and others. Perhaps that is why people consider him to be a networking ninja.


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To produce family-friendly theatrical productions for the entertainment and cultural development of the community. To offer a comprehensive performing arts experience which provides ongoing training and exposure to those individuals seriously interested in the theatre arts for meaningful recreational purposes. To provide a vehicle for social interaction, and intellectual and emotional growth.
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Abstract Background Recent advancements in omics measurement technologies have led to an ever-increasing amount of available experimental data that necessitate systems-oriented methodologies for efficient and systematic integration of data into consistent large-scale kinetic models. These models can help us to uncover new insights into cellular physiology and also to assist in the rational design of bioreactor or fermentation processes. Optimization and Risk Analysis of Complex Living Entities (ORACLE) framework for the construction of large-scale kinetic models can be used as guidance for formulating alternative metabolic engineering strategies. Results We used ORACLE in a metabolic engineering problem: improvement of the xylose uptake rate during mixed glucose–xylose consumption in a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Using the data from bioreactor fermentations, we characterized network flux and concentration profiles representing possible physiological states of the analyzed strain. We then identified enzymes that could lead to improved flux through xylose transporters (XTR). For some of the identified enzymes, including hexokinase (HXK), we could not deduce if their control over XTR was positive or negative. We thus performed a follow-up experiment, and we found out that HXK2 deletion improves xylose uptake rate. The data from the performed experiments were then used to prune the kinetic models, and the predictions of the pruned population of kinetic models were in agreement with the experimental data collected on the HXK2-deficient S. cerevisiae strain. Conclusions We present a design–build–test cycle composed of modeling efforts and experiments with a glucose–xylose co-utilizing recombinant S. cerevisiae and its HXK2-deficient mutant that allowed us to uncover interdependencies between upper glycolysis and xylose uptake pathway. Through this cycle, we also obtained kinetic models with improved prediction capabilities. The present study demonstrates the potential of integrated "modeling and experiments" systems biology approaches that can be applied for diverse applications ranging from biotechnology to drug discovery.


The city's school Chancellor Carmen Fariña recently announced that free lunch would now be available to the city's 1.1 million students, regardless of income level.
Previously, free lunch was only available to low income students who qualified.New York City may be littered with gluten-loving rats and paved with chicken bone highways, but if there's one thing the city's occasionally good at, it's policy.
The city's move comes after a series of articles sparked a nationwide outrage about "lunch-shaming," the practice of shaming kids — or requiring them to do labor — when they can't afford lunch.
Instead of admitting they don't have the money, many students will often just forego lunch.
What kind of country denies free frozen pizza to kids?
Approximately 75 percent of New York City students qualify for free or reduced-price lunch. The new initiative is expected to reach an additional 200,000 students and save families $300 a year.
As someone who spent years working in New York City schools, I can verify that the competition for lunch snacks is indeed brutal.
I once witnessed a confrontation between a Security Guard and a student over a turkey sandwich that almost became physical, and was profoundly embarrassing for everyone involved.
Since the free lunch program is a federal program, the city's budget will remain largely unaffected.
Sorry Paul Ryan! This meal's on you.


text:
Lukas av Prag, född omkring 1460, död 11 december 1528, var en tjeckisk lärd.

Lukas av Prag organiserade Böhmiska bröderna till ett kyrkosamfund, och var under 28 år sedara biskop och uppställde i skrifter deras författning. I mycket av samma uppfattning som Martin Luther, anslöt sig Lukas av Prag dock inte till reformationen.

Källor

Tjeckiska biskopar
Födda 1400-talet
Avlidna 1528
Män

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Chilisleep 10 Off Code
November 28, 2022 by PlushBeds
Chilisleep Review
Are you thinking about buying a Chilisleep Sleep System. If you are, then you're at the right spot. Continue reading to find out more about Chilisleep including reviews and an Chilisleep coupon code. Learn more about the company's Vitalsleep sleep system as well as the Smart Nora snoring device. Review our experiences using Chilisleep.
Chilisleep Reviews
Chilisleep Reviews is a great source to start your search for a comfy mattress. The company offers free shipping within the continental US. You should get your order delivered within three to seven business days. You can also get a refund in the event that you aren't satisfied within 30 days. The time frame for shipping varies based on which country you live in, but the standard time is anywhere from seven to 10 business days.
Although there have been some negative reviews, the majority of buyers seem to be satisfied with their purchase. The sleep system is one example. It has 3.9 stars from 122 reviewers, while the chiliPAD has 4.2 stars from 356 reviews. There are some negative reviews of Chilisleep on Reddit and on the site of the company. The customers complain about broken products and the absence of contact information.
Chilisleep Discount Code
To make use of an Chilisleep Discount Code, you can first sign in to the website. Next, go to the checkout page and input your coupon code. After that, you'll see a discount percentage. Once the discount percentage has been displayed then click the "applybutton to proceed with the transaction. Then, you can look at the total price of your order to determine whether you've been able to save the desired amount.
You can also earn points by visiting the website and reading blogs, logging on to the company's social media accounts, and celebrating your birthday. To qualify for Chili membership status, you must have at least 15 points. This status will grant you one point for every dollar you spend. You'll earn more points per dollar when you attain the Dreami membership level. You'll also receive expedited shipping and exclusive sales. You can also use your points to get coupons and products for no cost.
The Chilisleep ooler comes with a temperature-regulating cooling system. It can operate at temperatures ranging from 13 to 46 degrees Celsius. It comes with an attractive mesh cover, ergonomic control unit, and two-year warranty. The Chilisleep Discount Code can get you a lower cost for the ooler's temperature-regulating capabilities. This discount also applies to the Chilisleep blanket.
Chilisleep Cube Sleep System
Three temperature levels are available in the ChiliSleep Cube Sleep System. The cooling unit circulates cool air under the mattress while the heating unit circulates warm fluid across the same area. The system can be adjusted from the head to the feet. It's made of medical-grade silicone microtubes that regulate core body temperature and stop the accumulation of heat during the night. The cooling system can be adjusted to your preferred temperature.
The ChiliSleep Cube Sleep System contains the Cool Mesh cooling pad that is specifically designed for individuals who need help cooling down. The product is available in both the full-size and half-size versions. The remote control allows you to alter the temperature. You can sleep anywhere between 55-115 degrees F and 13-46 degrees C. ChiliSleep's website has support and instructions for purchasing the Cube.
All mattresses work with the ChiliSleep Cube Sleep System. Cool Mesh technology adds a layer of pressurized tubes to the mattress's surface. The water tubes can be felt by the users as they sleep. It is possible to see the tubes in an infrared photo of a bed in order to confirm their effectiveness. ChiliSleep has been awarded numerous times for its cooling system, so check it out.
Chilisleep System Cleaner
To keep your cube and ooler clean You can use Chili Sleep System cleaner. You should add it to the reservoir of water at the beginning and end of every month. To clean the control unit, you'll require distilled water. It is priced at around $ 24. It is recommended that you add a couple of sprays of the cleaner to the water reservoir at least once per year. The system cleaner is recommended for those who are having trouble keeping your ooler and cubes clean.
The system cleaner can aid you in getting a restful night's rest. It will clean, disinfect and eliminate the odors that are present in your system. Unlike other systems, ChiliSleep is safe and effective for all ages. The company was established in 2007 by Tara Youngblood. There are numerous products available from the company that strives to improve sleep for all of us. ChiliSleep offers the Chilipad cool mesh mattress pad cube, chiliBLANKETS and the chiliBLANKETS. In addition to its system cleaner, ChiliSleep also sells other products, such as Chilisleep promo coupons. Coupons can allow you to save 15% on your purchase.
Chilisleep Vs Eight Sleep
If you are looking for an upgrade to your mattress, you might want to check out the Chilisleep and Eight Sleep. Although both mattresses offer similar features, each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. Eight Sleep has certain features that distinguish it from the rest, like temperature control and smart alarms. ChiliSleep has a limited number of features , such as temperature control, however, it doesn't have the latest technology like temperature tracking.
While Chilisleep's System Cleaner appears similar to Eight Sleep's mattress, the Cube Sleep System is unique in that it has several key differences. It can be placed over an existing mattress and then circulate cool water through a hose. The cooling system isn't cheap, but it's far more flexible. It's priced at $699 for half-queen size unit and $1300 for a queen-sized system with two Cubes.
Chilisleep Ooler Sleep System
The OOLER Sleep System by ChiliSleep circulates water through the hydronic pad inside your mattress to ensure you are comfortable as you sleep. The controller unit is 15 inches by 10 inches by 6 inches and is connected via Bluetooth to your smartphone. The unit works by circulating water through a thin, mesh pad that distributes body heat. It is possible to adjust the temperature of the cooling pad with the OOLER app.
To ensure that you are sleeping comfortably, the system uses technology for temperature control. This allows you to alter your sleeping temperature by turning the cooling fan on or off at any time throughout the night. The system is also designed to allow you to wake up naturally, without the use of an alarm. This is something that no other cooling pad can offer. Contrary to other cooling systems the Chilisleep OOLER Sleep System can be operated using Bluetooth.
The Sleep System from OOLER Sleep System is great for couples because each person can set the temperature of the side of the bed to their preferences. Biohackers will appreciate the system because it allows them to get the most out of their sleep. ChiliSleep provides a 30 day money-back guarantee. This means that you can try it risk-free for 30 days. Because it costs just a little, it's an affordable option. You don't have to shell out much for cooling systems, but you may be concerned about the cost.
There are some significant differences between the two brands in the field of cooling systems. Although both companies claim to provide the same amount of cooling, the two brands offer distinctly different features. Chili Sleep's cooling system comes with two separate controllers that circulate water throughout the mattress. In addition the system comes with an advanced sleep tracking system, that helps you keep track of your restless nights. The cooling system of ChiliSleep is more expensive than the 8 Sleep. The distinctive OOLER cooling system that is used by Chili Sleep circulates cool air beneath the fitted sheet.
While neither company makes mattresses with a cooling pad but it does offer temperature regulation. The Sleepme Dock Pro System lets you regulate your body temperature with water. This device is branded as a collaboration with Chilisleep, which is owned by Kryo Inc. Chilisleep has produced temperature-controlled blankets and sleep systems in the past. It's not clear which one is more comfortable in warmer weather however it is worth checking out.
Chilisleep Blanket
A Chilisleep blanket comes with many advantages, as well with the Chilisleep's shipping policies. Chilisleep ships for free in the US and most countries worldwide. After you have placed your order, you will receive a tracking number and can check your monthly payment. The company does not carry large quantities of inventory, instead focusing on premium products. ChiliSleep currently has three products.
The Chili blanket measures 81″ long and 45″ wide. It's said to be smaller than a standard blanket, and it's designed to cover your body. Despite its price it is a Chili blanket can be an absolute lifesaver for those who suffer from severe sleep issues. Be sure to drain any excess water and then attach the extension tail using rubber bands when you purchase the Chili blanket. If you don't secure the tail properly, it could cause damage to the connector.
The ChiliSleep blanket has temperature-regulating technology. This is beneficial for sleepers with different body temperature preferences. The chiliBlanket makes use of weighted beads and channels to regulate the temperature of the mattress. It also comes with the ability to control the bed remotely. It is also possible to utilize the ChiliSleep blanket conjunction with the OOLER sleeping system. ChiliSleep offers bundles that include two products each of which are the top sellers.
Amazon Naturepedic Crib Mattress
Naturepedic Bassinet


text:
New Elmira police chief Kane sworn in
Jeff Murray
jmurray@stargazette.com | @SGJeffMurray
Joseph Kane officially took over as Elmira's new police chief Tuesday.
Kane, who was appointed by City Manager Kimberlee Balok Middaugh to replace retiring Chief Michael "Robby" Robertson, was sworn in by City Clerk Angela Williams during a City Hall ceremony Tuesday afternoon.
The second-floor courtroom was packed with family members, friends, police officers and other supporters for the ceremony.
"This is one of the few occasions I really look forward to in my position," Middaugh said.
Kane, an Elmira native, joined the police force in 1996. He has served various assignments within the department, including the traffic bureau, SWAT team and drug enforcement unit. Most recently, he headed up the detective bureau.
He was selected from a pool of six candidates, all of whom came from within the ranks of the police department.
Kane faces some immediate challenges, most notably a city budget crisis that could have an impact on staffing and services provided by the police force.
Kane told the gathering he's up to the task.
"It's been a long journey. I've been trying to work toward this," he said.
"I'm extremely proud of the Elmira Police Department. I hope we can get through these tough times. I think we can figure it out. Hopefully, we can work together to make this a better community."
Follow Jeff Murray on Twitter @SGJeffMurray.
Police consolidation talks underway in Chemung County
Former EPD chief reflects on career


this meal comes together pretty quickly - well in my book anyway.
i love any combination of sweet & savory - and this dish certainly delivers.
traditionally caponata is served at room temp as an appetizer.
i love the freshness the basil and pine nuts add to the final dish.
my sister who isn't a big fan of eggplant enjoyed this little nibble just before lunch.
the flavors work so well together you don't even remember the eggplant - well at least i didn't notice an overwhelming presence of eggplant in this dish and i have eaten it for 2 straight weeks with another day's worth stashed in the freezer, only to come out when a quick and easy weeknight meal is called for.
for all of you eggplant haters, this dish may very well convert you into a eggplant lover...or at the very least and eggplant "liker".
heat oil in a large saute pan over medium/high heat - add eggplant and fry tossing occasionally (about 5 minutes) until browned - transfer eggplant to a bowl and set aside.
in the same pan, add tomatoes (fresh & canned), garlic & season with salt & pepper - cook for about 10 minutes or until fresh tomatoes begin to breakdown and tomatoes begin to thicken. add cider vinegar, olives, raisins & sweetener. cook for an additional 10 minutes until mixture thickens. stir in chocolate & reserved eggplant and cook an additional 5-10 minutes until desired thickness has been achieved.
to serve - toss with pasta of choice or serve over crostini, adding basil and pine nuts just before serving.
can be enjoyed at room temp or warm.
I'm pretty sure it's a sin that I've only eaten eggplant once since it's been available. But! This looks delicious. Must get my hands on an eggplant and serve this over oiled pasta noodles.
the caponata looks delicious!.. i should try it for hubbs. he is quite picky about eggplants.
Justin who strongly dislikes eggplant unless it is fried even liked this!
....I have a feeling I will not be enjoying eggplant for a while, I have never eaten so much eggplant as I have this month!
I totally feel the same way about eggplant, but the more i experiment the more ways i find how to enjoy it!
I love eggplants. but I always seem to cook it too much..or not enough. Your recipe looks delicious! I think caitlin is right. I would have a visit also ! And probably try this delicious caponata!
This caponata sounds excellent--and definitely perfect for the early fall eggplant bounty. :) I might try this with some toasted walnuts in place of the crazily expensive pine nuts.
Toasted walnuts would be amazing!
This sounds so crazy. I have never heard of a caponata. I have a few eggplants from the garden, so maybe I will give this a shot!
I was that way for the longest time, only ever having it once in a while- I actaully think before this year I only ever cooked eggplant once!
Wow this is so creative! Chocolate with eggplant, how cool! I almost never make eggplant but you are really making me want to!
Thanks Gabby - let me know if you give this recipe a try and what you thought!
That means so much coming from you Shira! Thanks for stopping by - I had so much fun "travelling" with you to Paris!
I'm kind of neutral about eggplant too, but these photos are making me crave a warm pasta dish with eggplant right now...I would probably eat this over pasta with a side of the crostini too! I'm not sure what to think of that chocolate - it sounds odd, but I would trust you that it works!
...i am totally in the same boat- Justin is not a fan of eggplant so more for me!....I can't say the same for my cakes though - I literally have to fight him off of those so I can take a pic!
Eggplant is pretty much the only thing Chris isn't all that excited about, so I hardly ever use it. I do love a good caponata, though, and I've never had one with chocolate (Pure Genius!!!). I might need to sneak this one in sometime soon (Shhh, don't tell Chris!).
You should definitely sneak this in at some point!
I was on the fence forever about eggplant - but once I found ways to enjoy it other than parm form I really have been loving it!


text:
Supreme Court says justices were interviewed about the leaked draft opinion
By Nina Totenberg
Stefani Reynolds
The U.S. Supreme Court is seen in Washington, D.C., on Thursday, the day the court released a report on its investigation into a leaked draft opinion in May 2022.
The Supreme Court marshal is clarifying the report issued Thursday on her investigation into last May's leak of the draft opinion overturning Roe v. Wade.
The court has never been known for its political acumen. That may be why Thursday's report produced some important unanswered questions. Namely whether the justices were interviewed by investigators, or whether they, like others who were interviewed, were asked to sign sworn affidavits.
Now Court Marshal Gail Curley, who oversaw the probe, is answering those questions. In a written statement, Curley said she spoke with "each of the justices, some several times," and that the justices "actively cooperated, asking questions and answering mine.
"I followed up on all credible leads, none of which implicated the justices or their spouses," she said, adding that "on this basis, I did not believe that it was necessary to ask the justices to sign sworn affidavits."
That contrasts with the other court employees interviewed during the investigation. All others who were interviewed were asked to sign sworn affidavits.
The report summarizing the eight-month investigation said the court was unable to identify the person or persons responsible for the unprecedented leak.
Curley's statement is unlikely to quell criticism of her inquiry. But government investigators who have handled other leak inquiries say these probes often turn out to be futile.
Nina Totenberg
Nina Totenberg is NPR's award-winning legal affairs correspondent. Her reports air regularly on NPR's critically acclaimed newsmagazines All Things Considered, Morning Edition, and Weekend Edition.
See stories by Nina Totenberg


text:
Q: What is the significance of variable hoisting? I understand that all variables are hoisted but the assignments are not ( never mind functions for this question - that makes sense to me - related SO ).
But I don't see how this effects the code.  I wrote a fiddle to experiment.
What is the benefit if you hoist the variable and give it the value of undefined which appears to be the case.
var a = 1;

function foo (proxy){
    print(proxy);
}

function print(out){
    document.getElementById("out").innerHTML = out;
}

// foo("you")

print(d); // undefined

var d = 4;

print(d); // 4

https://jsfiddle.net/6ue7052k/1/

A: Here's one way it can affect the output:
function outer ( ) {

    var a = 'foo';

    function inner ( ) {
        console.log( a );
        var a = 'bar';
    }

    inner();

};

Without hoisting outer() would output 'foo', but because the local var a declaration is hoisted, it outputs undefined instead. That's not very useful, but it shows that it can have an effect.
There is no benefit to variable hoisting when writing JavaScript. Anything that it achieves could be done just as easily without it, by declaring all your variables at the beginning of each function (without assigning to them). It's just an implementation-detail.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If there is anything that can increase the beauty of your Garden manifold – Its the Fauna that it attracts 🙂 Especially the Birds, Bees and Butterflies!!
To start with, we can place the Bird- Feeders. Click on the image to know more about bird feeders.
When you have birds visiting regularly, you can place the Bird- Shelters. You may start with one and then go on increasing the number of Bird Shelters. It is not a very common thing for birds to adopt man-made shelters. But you can always try. Do not hang the shelters. Bird Shelters should be steady. Also, do not relocate them frequently. Here are a few shelters. Click on the images to know more.
Now here's another thing – Gardens have a different look by day and by night. So if you like to spend time in your garden in the evening, beautiful lights are a must. Fairy lights are my all time favorites. Unlike lamps, which are confined to one place, we can create different patterns with fairy lights. I love them also because they can be used both indoors and outdoors. Here are a few different lights with which you can light up your space. Click on the images to know more.
Furniture: When I say furniture it doesn't mean a whole set of chairs, tables or couch. It can be just that one single swing Chair or an easy chair. Or it can be a floor furnishings like a Yoga Mat or floor chair. The floor furnishings look best in Balconies especially if you like to exercise and/or meditate in your garden.
DISCLAIMER: SOME OF THE LINKS ON THIS WEBSITE ARE AFFILIATE LINKS, WHICH MEANS THAT I MAY EARN A COMMISSION IF YOU CLICK ON THE LINK OR MAKE A PURCHASE USING THE LINK. WHEN YOU MAKE A PURCHASE, THE PRICE YOU PAY WILL BE THE SAME WHETHER YOU USE THE AFFILIATE LINK OR GO DIRECTLY TO THE VENDOR'S WEBSITE USING A NON-AFFILIATE LINK. BY USING THE AFFILIATE LINKS, YOU ARE HELPING SUPPORT REEMASGARDEN.WORDPRESS.COM WEBSITE AND I GENUINELY APPRECIATE YOUR SUPPORT. THE OPINIONS EXPRESSED HERE ARE THOSE OF MYSELF AS AN INDIVIDUAL AND ARE NOT NECESSARILY THE OPINIONS OF NOR REFLECT THE VIEWS OF ANY MERCHANTS I AM AFFILIATED WITH. I HAVE CHOSEN TO ONLY RECOMMEND PRODUCTS ON REEMASGARDEN.WORDPRESS.COM THAT I USE OR HAVE THOROUGHLY RESEARCHED.  ANY REFERRAL MONEY THAT I MIGHT GET PAID WILL NEVER INFLUENCE THE CONTENT, TOPICS, OR POSTS I MAKE.
Hi Friends! As you know, I am a Gardner and my life is all about my Plants. However I have decided to take it a step further. I am now studying Human-plant relationship! Please help me to get a better insight into this relationship by putting in your perspective.
Here's a link to the Survey!
It will take just 5mins!


Ingredients: Purified Water, Olive Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, Coconut Oil, Soybean Oil, Shea Butter, Organic Oatmeal, Bay Rum Fragrance Oil.
No lip balm stands a chance next to this soothing and moisturizing Lip Balm. Made solely from Sweet Almond Oil, Beeswax, Aloe Vera, Vitamin E, Pure Lime and Sweet Orange Essential Oils.
Ingredients: Sweet Almond Oil, Beeswax, Aloe Vera, Vitamin E, Lime & Sweet Orange Essential Oils.
Ingredients: Sweet Almond Oil, Beeswax, Aloe Vera, Vitamin E, Vanilla Flavor Oil.
Natural Carmex is made from Menthol, Camphor and Peppermint Essential Oils which create a very soothing, cooling and healing effect.
Ingredients: Sweet Almond Oil, Beeswax, Aloe Vera, Vitamin E, Menthol, Camphor and Peppermint Essential Oils.
This lotion is a unique blend of essential oils which make up an earthy, sweet, yet grounding scent. This lotion always sells out at our stores.
Directions: Apply desired amount and smooth into your skin from head to toe. Apply as often as needed.
This lotion is perfect for sensitive skin or if you prefer no scent at all.
Great for travel! This tin candle packs into a corner of a suitcase and makes the hotel room wonderfully fragrant. Also works very well at home! Soy candles burn cleaner and last longer.
Corinthian leather mixed with soft musk notes. A manly leather fragrance.
It's Argentina's traditional dessert, made over many hours by caramelizing sugar in milk. It's a delicious, gooey caramel sauce that is impossible to resist for those with a sweet tooth!
Enjoy a truly exceptional experience in your tub, whirlpool or shower. This therapeutic, fragrant bath salt soothes and relaxes as it tingles and invigorates. Great after a hard day of work or strenuous exercise. Excellent as footbath for tired, aching feet.


text:
Tag: Luke Adamson
Review: The Removal Service
The Removal Service is a visceral debut play from Will Pattle and Alice Briganti but one which doesn't quite live up to the promise of its first half
"Don't we have hours until the rich guy comes back"
Will Pattle and Alice Briganti's debut play The Removal Service is the second play in The Maltings Theatre's online Spring season (after The Regina Monologues) and offers up a distinct shift in tone. This drama starts off darkly comic as estranged brothers Zeek and Greg set about robbing a house while disguised as removal men but pitch-shifts into something murkier as secrets in the house and in motives are soon revealed.
Chicho Tche's Zeek and Pattle's Greg share an edgy, rumbling chemistry that makes the opening of The Removal Service intriguing. Luke Adamson's direction allows for all manner of questions about this relationship to emerge naturally as whip-smart dialogue peeks into the shadows of modern masculinity and the troubles of shared history. And with a Pinter-esque approach to it all, it is clear there's no lack of ambition here. Continue reading "Review: The Removal Service"
Review: Henry V / The Merry Wives of Windsor, Roman Theatre of Verulamium St Albans
A return to live theatre is well marked by these vibrant open-air productions of Henry V and The Merry Wives of Windsor at the Roman Theatre of Verulamium in St Albans
"Try and stay one box away from each other at all times"
As we try and search for a new normal in these uncertain times, it is reassuring to know that we can always rely on the unfailing unreliability of the British weather. After a scorcher of a week, the Maltings Open Air Theatre Festival finds itself opening into thunderstorms aplenty in the atmospheric surroundings of the Roman Theatre of Verulamium in St Albans. Plus ça change…
What has changed though is the basic reality of putting on a play. Social distancing rules supreme and it is fascinating to see how directors Matthew Parker and Adam Nichols are dealing with it in their respective productions of Henry V and The Merry Wives of Windsor. Continue reading "Review: Henry V / The Merry Wives of Windsor, Roman Theatre of Verulamium St Albans"
Review: One Last Waltz, Greenwich Theatre
A delicate dance around the emotive subject of Alzheimer's – One Last Waltz skips the light fantastic at Greenwich Theatre
"I have my photographs
I have my memories
That's all I need"
A delicate dance around the emotive subject of Alzheimer's, Luke Adamson's One Last Waltz returns to London to the intimate studio space at Greenwich Theatre where it pulls no punches in exploring what this disease can do to even the closest of families, while somehow still maintaining a lightness of spirit that could match the Illuminations.
Alice is at that point in life where her friends keep dying, even the ones younger than her and now her husband has passed, there's no hiding the fact that she keeps forgetting things. A trawl through some old family photos inspires her adult daughter Mandy to recreate a favourite holiday to Blackpool but not even the promise of the Tower ballroom can disguise her decline. Continue reading "Review: One Last Waltz, Greenwich Theatre"
Review: The House of Usher, Hope Theatre
"I didn't like to mention that I had imagined his sister singing to me in my sleep"
Ever ambitious, the Hope Theatre have launched a Gothic Season which will run right up until Christmas, taking in play The Worst Was This, lesbian bonkbuster Her Aching Heart and opening with this Edgar Allan Poe adaptation The House of Usher. Created by Luke Adamson and Dan Bottomley and directed by Adamson with Phil Croft, it takes an actor-musician approach to the material and is very much its own version of the short story, pulling in influences from elsewhere in Poe's oeuvre and also the depths of the writers' own imaginations.
The House of Usher is told to us by the nameless figure of The Narrator, who unexpectedly finds himself invited to visit his old childhood friend Roderick Usher in their stately home. This he does, but he's shocked to find him in the throes of an illness that has heightened his sensitivities to unbearable levels. And he's not alone, Roderick's twin sister Madeline appears similarly afflicted but has a different take on the matter from her overly protective sibling, forcing the Narrator into a series of difficult decisions, something made more challenging by the eeriness of the house itself. Continue reading "Review: The House of Usher, Hope Theatre"
Review: Macbeth, Omnibus and Clapham Common
"Upon this blasted heath you stop our way"
Following handsome bearded men down shadowy paths has long been a vocation on Clapham Common but for the next couple of weeks, the entertainment being provided is of a more theatrical bent as the Omnibus presents a promenade production of the Scottish play which leads its audience on a journey both outside and in. It's a canny, modernised take on Macbeth which makes inventive use of its locale to thrust us right in the midst of the action.
Whether huddled around a bonfire in the empty paddling pool, jammed into a crowded alleyway, guests at the banqueting table or spectators in the midst of hand-to-hand combat, Gemma Kerr's production is more site-responsive than truly immersive and is the better for it, with less distraction from the bleakness of this world that has been created, where society is crumbling and the privations of long-running war are felt keenly by everyone. Continue reading "Review: Macbeth, Omnibus and Clapham Common"


Home > Business > Crucial Presentation Skills!
Presentation skills are extremely important and very important to a successful profession. You simply cannot run your life that is professional smoothly you do not have these presentation skills. In the event, you're asked to select a professional from a lot of individuals, just what would you normally do? Well, this really is simple. Everything you do is shoot concern as of this couple of individuals. The one who pops up with the most smart and well structured answer is possibly the one you ought to choose. So, generally just what perform some interviewers or recruiters look out for in a candidate who is true of a meeting? Have actually you ever considered the answer to this? Without doubt those degrees, those essential skills and those invaluable experiences are essential; nevertheless the most significant of those all, are your presentation skills. The manner in which you handle, compose and present your self is vital.
Without doubt some social folks are blessed obviously with great presentation skills, but for people who do not fall under this category, there are many DVDs, tapes, CDs, books, publications and journals available, for increasing and studying presentation skills. Reading this article will help too. So continue reading, to get more. Before you start, keep in mind the expression – "Practice makes a man perfect".
Making use of aids that are visual enrich your presentation. These visual aids simplify the presentation, for the audience. Consequently, your presentations must include illustrations that are pictorial. Usually do not lengthen the presentation in excess. This kills the presentation. Twenty two mins is recognized as a time that is standard for your presentation.
Studies expose that, individuals can remember three reasons for having a presentation or virtually any lecture. Ergo you need to think what these three things are going to be, before you begin your presentation. Put up only these three things, for a fall. As stated above, "Practice makes a man perfect". Therefore, rehearse your presentation over and over, once more. Studies reveal that here is the only thing that can improve your self this. Include stories in your presentation. Use examples; and make use of your imagination to pep your presentation. Utilizing your creativity and your imagination the most crucial presentation skills. Never place your presenter records regarding the display screen. Have a video camera set on your own. Record yourself. This will allow you to determine your own flaws and mistakes. As a result, you can also look closely at your body language. And this will finally enable you to boost your Presentation skills. You need to will have a notion about the next slide coming up. Pausing or skipping words, will perhaps not create a good effect on the viewers. Having a back-up plan normally very important. There's nothing predictable. Have a printed set of your presentation, and presentation content in a CD or even a pen drive, for emergency purposes.


text:
Brookhaven primary runoff decides 2 alderman seats, advances 1 to general election
File photos / Primary runoff winners in Brookhaven were, from left, Democrat James Magee Jr. won the seat of alderman for Ward 1; Charles Caston Sr. won the Democratic primary to advance to face Republican Troy Douglas in the general election; and Republican Jeff Henning won the seat of alderman, Ward 4.
Two Brookhaven alderman seats have been decided and a candidate in a third race advances after the Primary Runoff Election.
Voters in city wards 1, 3 and 4 cast their ballots at their respective polling places Tuesday. Though results will not be official until certified by the Office of Secretary of State Michael Watson May 7, the counts were definitive enough that Lincoln County Circuit Clerk Dustin Bairfield was confident in declaring winners.
With nearly a two-thirds portion of the vote, James Magee Jr. took the seat in Ward 1 over fellow Democrat Jason Dixon. Magee had 61.66% of the vote, or 193 votes. Dixon had 36.1%, or 113 votes. There were seven write-in votes.
Magee said he was thankful to God, his family and all those who exercised their right to vote in the primary runoff.
"You guys have put in countless hours of canvassing, phone calls, etc.," he said. "I just want to thank everybody at this moment."
Magee's plan is one of inclusiveness and cooperation, he said.
"I will be working in unison with all the candidates of Ward 1 to continue the efforts to progress this ward forward, 'Working together to build a better community'," Magee said.
In Ward 3, Rev. Charles J. Caston Sr. won the Democratic Party runoff with 56.2%, or 195 votes, over opponent Roy L. Smith, who took 151 votes, or 43.52%. There was one write-in vote.
Caston said it was faithfulness and focus that helped him win the runoff.
"I want to thank God, who gave me favor, and the voters," he said. "It came from a foundation of common sense, listening to the voters' concerns and issues and not making promises that I can't deliver."
Working together with all the ward's voters will bring change to the city, the pastor said. His focus will continue to be going door-to-door in the area, focusing on those who did not vote for him in order to listen to their concerns and try to get them on board as his supporters.
"This is a Homeseekers' Paradise for all Brookhaven residents," Caston said. "There is still an election June 8 and I'm still asking all the voters to come out and cast their votes. 'We build better together'."
Smith said he was disappointed that his quest to be alderman had come to an end.
"I don't feel sad for myself, but I do for my community," he said. "It's been a struggle and as long as our community continues to allow lack of knowledge and insecurity to control our future, I guess we'll probably continue to be in opposition of our own best interests."
Smith said he felt he had run a good, strong campaign, working hard and being honest with constituents.
"I did my best and I'm satisfied with that," he said. "It's time now to turn a new page in a new chapter in our community to try to move forward and try to make some progress."
Smith said he met a lot of new people and new friends during his campaign, and salutes all who supported him. He said he will now focus his attention on his non-profit to try to achieve some of the goals he has for the city, and spend some quality time traveling with his wife.
Caston will advance to face Republican Troy Douglas in the June 8 General Election.
Ward 4 presented the closest race in Brookhaven, as Republicans Barbara Nell Davis and Jeff Henning ended the day with fewer than 10 votes separating them. Henning took 303 votes, 50.58%, and Davis followed with 294 votes, or 49.08%. Two votes were write-ins.
"Thank you to all those who helped and supported me, voted, handed out flyers, talked to their neighbors and aunts, uncles," Henning said. "It's a prime example of every vote counting. I hope people won't take it for granted and will get out and vote in the future."
"I want to congratulate Barbara on a great campaign and I think we'll both be friends. I've spoken with her and we've both expressed that. You can be opponents and still get along," he said.
"I want to thank my family and friends for their support and votes," Davis said. "Congratulations to Jeff Henning. I wish him well as he takes on the position of Alderman Ward 4."
"I will be meeting in the next few days with (current Ward 4 alderman) Jason Snider to discuss the projects he was working on and will not be able to finish, and plans he has to help Ward 4 continue forward. I will also be speaking with my Ward 4 constituents in the next few days and see what their needs and concerns are and get my feet wet and go to work."
Henning said he will also be out in the community working to help fellow conservative candidates get elected.
The general election will be Tuesday, June 8, in all wards of the city. Polling places will be the same as those of the primary.
Voter registration for the general election begins Monday, May 3. The in-person absentee voting deadline for the election is noon, Saturday, June 5.
All municipal officers, whether reelected or newly elected, will begin terms July 1.
Mayoral race: Incumbent Republican Joe Cox will face Democratic challenger Rev. Larry Jointer.
Chief of police race: Incumbent Democrat Kenneth Collins will face Republican challenger Mike Milholen.
Alderman at Large: Democrat Marilyn Dow-Harris faces Republican Don Underwood.
Ward 1 alderman: Democrat James Magee Jr. will be unopposed on the ballot.
Ward 2 alderman: Incumbent Democrat Shannon Moore will be unopposed on the ballot.
Ward 3 alderman: Democratic candidate Rev. Charles J. Caston Sr. will face Republican opponent Troy Douglas.
Ward 4 alderman: Republican Jeff Henning will be unopposed on the ballot.
Ward 5 alderman: Incumbent Republican Fletcher Grice will be unopposed on the ballot.
Ward 6 alderman: Incumbent Independent candidate Shelley Harrigill will face Democratic challenger Andre' Spiller.
Post office, highway to be renamed May 3 for…


A "resident artist" should be more than just an artist making art in your local park or wilderness area or school – when I am "in residence", you get to play, too!
For example, say you want to commemorate an important event in your state park. I might paint a large triptych of part of the landscape. As I worked on it, I would encourage passersby to add their own unique twist to another large work – maybe a cutout leaf shape would be embellished and added to a tree. Then I would offer the participant another leaf shape to be completed as an ornament and taken home as a memento. With just a little encouragement, people love to rediscover their "inner child" and dive into art. Involving the public is an effective way for you to make your point – people feel like they "own" the park or school or memory once they've contributed.
In the past I have focused primarily on textile projects, but I am sewing less and drawing or painting more these days. I would love to talk with you about organizing an artist residency in your area, or creating a special commissioned piece for you – please see my Artist's Biography for more information about me, or e-mail me at kmcfall@gallerynouveau.biz.


Adorn your home with a beautifully handcrafted zebra cowhide cube for a decadent and luxurious look.
An eye-catching piece of furniture and a talking point amongst your friends.
Fantastic for small spaces and great when occasional guests pop round.
Use it as a footstool, a seat or a table! Only 3 left in stock.
Material: Genuine cowhide on all sides with zip around the base.


Android P Note 9 Offical Release Date: Expected Before December End.
Samsung Galaxy Note 9 user is waiting for the Android P update, especially after the release of the Android P One UI program for Samsung Galaxy S9. After S9, Note 9 was quite obvious to receive One UI update. For the first time, Samsung has allowed two flagship smartphone to hit beta program at the same time.
For those who are already aware of this, should check the firmware "N960FXXU2ZRKE" for their Note 9 devices. But this firmware cannot be accessed for every country. If you are from Europe and South Korea you have the access to this firmware. As we are not from the same county, we would request you to try in on your own risk.
Even if your country is not listed in the update, for now, you can still register yourself from "Samsung members app". After Europe & Korea, the next expected countries are Germany, France, England and Spain.
This firmware update yet not the final update, but is more stable than the previous version released in Korea with Firmware "N960NKSU2ZRKF". We still suggest waiting for an official update to get a stable OS.
We will keep you update one we come across any news related to Android P for Note 9.


Two months ago, I started a new Facebook Advertising campaign and every single day since then, I have thought about how I can improve my campaign. Whether checking results, using Facebook's Audience Insights to create better-targeted ads, or searching Google for the latest and greatest advice, I'm still constantly questioning how my Ad Set will perform. While I may never unravel Facebook's algorithm, I have learned some important lessons to share with you.
Design Thinking offers a structured framework for understanding and pursuing innovation in ways that contribute to organic growth and add real value to customers. The Design Thinking cycle involves observation to discover unmet needs within the context and constraints of a particular situation, framing the opportunity and scope of innovation, generating creative ideas, testing, and refining solutions.
How do you solve today's ecological, health, and planetary challenges in just two days? The short answer to this question is by participating in NASA's International Space Apps Challenge. 'Space Apps' is a hackathon that occurs over a 48 hour-period in cities around the world.
Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and other manufacturing companies with batch processes struggle to understand the vast amounts of production data captured. Proconex DataJaguar™ contextualizes batch production data, allowing direct comparison of processes within a plant or across the enterprise.
Producing content isn't that difficult, but generating creative, engaging, and timely content can be quite challenging. Social media channels allow for an open flow of conversation between companies and consumers/clients, making it an influential marketing tool when addressing your audience.
For those of you who may be unfamiliar with Vistage, it is a nationwide organization comprised of senior executives and business owners who come together to learn from each other, gain insights through coaching, and develop long-term business relationship.


Knowing when to detach and how to detach is important because the energy of some situations, technology, violence, emotions, and the baggage of others don't need to come home with you.
Be aware of what needs to stay where you found it and what energy is not yours.
If you feel something is off or wrong with you and your energy; state out loud, "This is not mine". When you vocalize the energy or feeling is not yours it releases you. You physically and mentally detach.


Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming would see a number of interstate improvements. The map below shows these various improvements. Solid Blue Lines indicate new free interstate routes. Dotted lines show additional Proposed routes or alternative routes. Red lines show existing Interstate highways. Click on a shaded region below to view more detailed information about interstate ideas for that area.


nib health funds (nib) Contact Centre has taken out the top gong at the national Contact Centre Week awards on the Gold Coast last night, named as Australia's Best Contact Centre.
Headquartered in Newcastle, the Contact Centre which employs almost 250 people, also won the award for Best People Strategy and Culture while nib employee Rebecca Ransom was given an honorary mention for Best Contact Centre Leader of the Year.
Mr Rhod McKensey, nib Group Executive Australian Residents Health Insurance, said the win was a credit to the hard work and dedication of nib's Contact Centre employees.
"We handle around one million sales and services calls each year, with these teams working at the coal face everyday to make every contact with our customers count" Mr McKensey said.
"This award is a reflection of the commitment of our employees to delivering upon our mission of putting the customer at the heart of everything we do to provide exceptional service to our customers," he added.
The nib Contact Centre beat a field of strong competitors including DHL Express, MLC Life, iSelect and Princess Cruises.
Judging criteria for the awards focused on the company's technology, customer relationship management strategy, process improvement strategies, how the business uses customer feedback and its culture.
"We are continually working to improve our processes and maintain a highly engaged workforce to ensure that we can deliver outstanding customer service that meets the needs and expectations of our customers," Mr McKensey said.
"These awards are fantastic recognition from our peers and the industry that we are providing this best in class service," he said.


Arts Award is a scheme for young people aged between 5-25 years who wish to develop their skills in the arts. It is a nationally recognised qualification.
The Donmar is an Arts Award Supporter, and this means we will support you if you are currently delivering or participating in the Arts Award programme. We welcome all Arts Award levels.
If you are a young person working towards a Silver or Gold Arts Award, please contact us to find out how we can help you.
To find out more information about Arts Award at the Donmar, please email us at discover@donmarwarehouse.com or phone 0207 845 8573.


text:
require 'json'
require 'hashie'
require "platform_lib/web_helper"

module PlatformLib
  # Public: Useful methods for working with thePlatform's
  # This module was intended to be mixed in
  #
  # Examples:
  #
  #     class MyClass
  #       include PlatformLib::ServiceBase
  #       ...
  #       ...
  #     end
  module ServiceBase

    protected

    # Protected: Performs a get request and returns the "entries" array
    #
    # end_point - the https? end point to connect to
    # params - an optional hash of parameter values (query string)
    # block - an optional block to be called for each returned entry
    #
    # Examples:
    #
    #     arr = get_entries("http://www.somedomain.com/service", { uid: 10 })
    #
    #     get_entries("http://www.domain.com") do |single_item|
    #       # do something with the item
    #     end
    def get_entries(end_point, params = {}, &block)
      ensure_auth_param(params)

      uri = URI.parse("#{end_point}?#{URI.encode_www_form(params)}")
      raw = WebHelper::get(uri, token: @auth_token)

      items = JSON.parse(raw)["entries"].map { |item| Hashie::Mash.new(item) }

      if block.nil?
        items
      else
        items.each { |item| block.call(item) }
      end
    end

    # Protected: Performs a put request, updating the entries
    #
    # end_point - the https? end point to connect to
    # params - an optional hash of parameter values (query string)
    # entries - the array of entries to be added to the request body
    #
    # Examples:
    #
    #     arr = get_entries("http://www.somedomain.com/service", { uid: 10 })
    #     put_entries(MY_END_POINT, nil, arr)
    def put_entries(end_point, params = {}, entries)
      ensure_auth_param(params)

      uri = URI.parse("#{end_point}?#{URI.encode_www_form(params)}")
      puts uri.to_s
      body = "{ \"entries\": #{JSON.generate(entries)} }"

      WebHelper::put(uri, body)
    end

    def post_data(end_point, params = {}, data)
      ensure_auth_param(params)

      uri = URI.parse("#{end_point}?#{URI.encode_www_form(params)}")
      body = "#{JSON.generate(data)}"

      WebHelper::post(uri, body)
    end

    private

    def ensure_auth_param(params)
      # ensure the token parameter is there
      params[:token] = @auth_token if not params.has_key?(:token)
    end

  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Scams and petty crime has been with us for hundreds of years. Confidence tricks, mail scams and pickpocketing have been extremely popular. Sadly, even today we aren't immune to these scams. Every year, millions of Euros are stolen every day by unscrupulous but clever online crooks.
There's plenty of tricks in the scammers' arsenal, and with the growth of online services, their trade has had plenty of opportunities to blossom. Today, it is one of the common crimes that affect users all over the world.
Aside from defrauding you and taking your money, you're in for plenty of headache when you figure out you'll need to change your cards and documents. Fortunately, we've compiled a list with great tips that will help you stay on your toes, but still let you use the Internet services that make our lives easier.
There's a reason it's called 'personal'. This information belongs to you and it should not be shared lightly. Is a business asking for a scan of your ID? Why would they? Don't give it out unless you're absolutely sure they are trustworthy, or if you personally asked to provide this information.
The ID contains your signature, picture, essential information, as well as your personal identification numbers. A scammer could do plenty with just those pieces of information! That's why in most European countries, only the police have the right to demand to see your ID.
Check what your information will be used for. The purposes of collection should be transparently outlined. Remember: give your info to the wrong person and it could end up all over the Internet!
It is inevitable to share at least some information with companies and services unless you want to forgo all the benefits of the modern society – you'd be living 'off the grid', as some enthusiasts do.
The next best thing you can do is keep track whom you've given your personal data to. Keep track of all the services and for each of them, list the data you have given out to them. That way, when you stop using their services, you'll be reminded to contact them and ask them to delete your data. The less places your personal data is found in, the less the risk of unauthorised access is.
And even if something happens with your data, you'll know who has your data, which will aid in tracking the culprit and minimizing the possible risks and losses to you. Under the new EU privacy law, the General Data Protection Regulation, you have the right to demand deletion of your personal data.
Do not open e-mail attachments from suspicious sources, but take care if the e-mail seems odd even if it is from a person you know. Always scan them with an anti-virus tool that you should have installed on your PC. Various keyloggers, viruses and other malicious programs can be attached in e-mails.
The best thing would be not to open any unsolicited attachments, no matter who they are from.
You might occasionally get e-mails that sound like they were sent by your bank, Facebook, or other online service. These e-mails would ask you to click on a link in order to 'verify' some information. The link you would click is not genuine, but the site looks like it is real. Don't click on these unknown links.
The key things to watch out for are e-mail sender fields. If they are from a strange domain: i.e. '[email protected]' instead of '[email protected]', this is a cause for alarm. Most of the time the e-mail won't have your name mentioned – since the scammer doesn't know it at all! In any case, online services would never ask you for your password or other personal data!
If you find yourself at a website that seems iffy, check the address bar. Is the domain genuine? If it looks odd, leave the page immediately and scan your PC with an anti-virus utility.
You could also receive an official-looking e-mail asking you to call their 'customer service' number, usually from a bank. Never call that number! Only call the official numbers found on the back of your card or on the bank's website. Never give out your credit card information over the phone!
Wiring your money is the best way of parting with it forever. There are no chargebacks or other security mechanisms. The transfers are fast and reliable, but no scrupulous businesses would use it for business transactions.
The most commonly associated issues with wire transfers are those from e-mail scams. They have evolved recently from the old 'Nigerian Prince' scams, where a person would claim they need your help in order to access millions of dollars on their account, while giving you a cut for your services. Conveniently, they require an upfront payment for paperwork, usually via Western Union.
Unfortunately, many have fallen for the trick and lost way more than they wanted to risk. Don't be one of those people!
Have you come across a product or a service that just seems too good to be true? That very well might be the case. A few minutes of Googling could reveal some unsavoury facts about a service you almost subscribed to. If you're buying a product, check the reviews. It might not work at all, and then you're stuck with a useless gadget.
Investigate where the company you're buying from is located. Chances are it is located in a faraway country, such as China. You will have a hard time returning your defective items or complain about the quality of services. You're literally at the mercy of the retailer, and these scenarios often don't play out very well for the customer.
Sometimes It pays to be patient. If you're stuck away from home or your office, and have to use public wi-fi in a café or at the town square, use it only for general browsing. Don't log into your bank account over public networks, no matter how safe it all seems.
Public wi-fi networks are not secure. Anyone with a modicum of computer knowledge and a bit of determination can intercept all online traffic from and to the devices connected to the network. Essentially, all your internet activities can be made public.
Now, you aren't defenceless. Most services and websites worth their salt have some kind of a security authentication mechanism – you can recognise it by the padlock in the address bar of your web browser. This, in theory, means that all information you send and receive from that website is encrypted and cannot be read. This works out fine for non-essential information and accounts. But there are times when this fails due to software bugs or misconfiguration. You wouldn't really want this to happen to your bank account information. It's best to wait until you get home.
It can be daunting to have to remember a password, let alone many. But it is the best thing you can do to ensure the security of your accounts. Online services frequently get hacked and their user lists leaked. These can contain your passwords as well. If you use the same e-mail and password combination on many sites, it is only a matter of time before someone 'hacks into' your account as well.
It's therefore extremely important to have different passwords for all your services. Even if one gets compromised, you can be sure your other accounts are safe and sound. Don't, however, get into the habit of writing these passwords down on post-it notes around your desk. That's plain dumb. Instead, you can install password manager software that can keep your passwords safe, without having to remember all of them.
For better or worse, Windows 10 ensures this is almost always the case. We are, of course, referring to operating system updates. They help patch any security holes that malicious software can use to compromise your PC.
Additionally, it's essential to update your anti-virus software as well. Many users forgo the use of such software due to slow on-the-go laptops and tablets, but peace of mind is worth a very slight performance penalty. Even the default anti-virus tool that comes with your operating system can be sufficient, as long as you keep it updated.
Update before it's too late.
Considering the wealth of personal information we keep on our smartphones, it's a wonder we don't take better care of them. Smartphones are frequently lost or left unattended in public places. They are a prime candidate for an identity thief, especially since most of us use loads of services, including banking, on our Androids and iPhones.
In doing so, we rarely log out of the apps, opting for convenience of entering them quickly with a single tap. It's also all too common to find passwords stored in note apps on the phone. There's simply so much data stored on our phones that their loss should be an urgent matter, not only because of direct financial costs of replacing the phone, but also because of the great risks for identity theft and fraud!
Passwords recovered from a stolen phone can be used to fraudulently order items thousands of Euros in value before you even become aware of the problem. Your e-mail accounts and social media profiles could definitely be compromised; fraudsters could impersonate you and defraud someone while posing as you, creating irreparable reputation damage to you.
The bottom line is: Keep an eye on your phone at all times, or avoid storing sensitive information on it altogether. Tapping in a password beats having to cancel your cards!
We hope these tips will help you stay safe and secure on the Internet. It would be foolish not to acknowledge the very concrete risks of internet services, but with a little bit of care, you can enjoy the convenience they provide without worrying too much about the potential risks.