Paisley will be invaded by a tartan army on Saturday when more than 4,000 of the world's best pipers and drummers descend on the town for the British Pipe Band Championships.
The St James Playing Fields will again host one of the most prestigious events on the world bagpiping calendar, as part of the push towards Paisley's bid to be UK City of Culture 2021.
More than 140 pipe bands from as far afield as Canada, Denmark and Ireland will compete in the day-long event before judges from the Royal Scottish Pipe Band Association (RSPBA).
The event is free to attend and a crowd of thousands is expected – the event arena opens at 10am, with the final march-past and prize-giving to take place around 5.30pm.
Attractions on the day include a bar, as well as a food market with a focus on quality Scottish produce from farm to fork, and the Slug in a Bottle craft market.
Free activities include a Highland dancing competition and children's entertainment zone including giant inflatables, face painting and sporty fun with the team behind Renfrewshire's Street Stuff Culture Bus.
This year's chieftain is Renfrewshire charity champion and quadruple amputee Corinne Hutton – who has helped hundreds of people through her Finding Your Feet charity.
There will also be a free shuttle bus running to and from Paisley Gilmour Street station (Old Sneddon Street entrance) for anybody arriving in town by train. All three shuttle buses run every 15 minutes from 8am to 7.30pm.
Paisley 2021 Bid Director Jean Cameron said: "We are thrilled to welcome the British Pipe Band Championships back to the town for the second of its three-year run here.
"Events like this are important for the UK City of Culture 2021 bid as it shows Paisley has the infrastructure and know-how to host large-scale events.
Ian Embelton of the RSPBA added: "We are pleased to be back in Paisley for another year and delighted to have another huge turnout from bands.


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text:
'Happily' Married Couple Divorces So One Of Them Can Marry THEIR Girlfriend – It Gets Worse…
27 Apr, 2017 by	Cassy Fiano
The institution of marriage has, arguably, come under attack and been degraded in recent years. With an "anything goes" attitude prevalent in society, it's no surprise that things have begun to break down. A perfect example is an insane story out of Texas, with a marriage love triangle at its center.
Cristina and Benno Kaiser met when both were serving in the military and four months later, they got married. They had three children together: Isaiah, Rebecca and Brianna. Cristina, however, is bisexual and she wanted more. And so she thought it could be time to have an open marriage.
"Initially, it was my idea to open the marriage," she explained. "I brought it to Benno's attention and told him I would like to introduce women to our relationship to see where it goes." So, they found Sierra Kuntz. The couple went on a few dates with her and she was willing to enter the marriage. "Three kids, a great relationship and adding Sierra into our lives has just made it a hundred times better, I feel like I'm complete," Cristina said.
Sierra was unsure about the proposal at first. "At first I was very hesitant about getting involved with a married couple," she admitted. "I was worried that I would be disposable and that this was a phase they were going through. But when I spent time with them I realized what they wanted and feel this was a situation I could work with, so I jumped on board."
Eventually, Sierra moved into the couple's home. And according to Benno, it's working out pretty well. "My feelings for the both are equal. I love them both without question," he said. "They are both very much part of my life and I couldn't imagine living my life without either of them. We share a bed together, we share everything together, so since we met Sierra we have not had a night that we don't all involve each other in some sort of sexual activity."
Today, Sierra is the caregiver for the three children, while Cristina and Benno work full-time. And she believes that she is as much the children's mother as Cristina is. "I absolutely feel like their mum," she insisted. "I hope now, they love me, they call me 'mommy Sierra' and I love them just as much. I'm not jealous that the children are not biologically related to me at all. Just because I didn't birth them doesn't mean I can't love them and they can't love me. That doesn't hinder my love at all for them."
And now, Benno and Cristina are taking a drastic step: they have decided to get divorced. The two of them will stay together, but once the divorce is finalized, then Sierra will be married to one of them instead. "It was Benno and Christina's idea for the divorce but it won't change anything, it's just who is going to be legally married to who," Sierra said. "They decided that would be the best way to make sure that I didn't feel disposable. It wasn't my idea but I really don't care whom I'm married to – I love them both."
In John Hawkins' new book, '101 Things All Young Adults Should Know', he teaches in chapter 51 of the book to prepare in case it all goes wrong.
Purchase from Amazon Here
All three members of this relationship should take that advice to heart. Things may look like they're going well now, but if and when it all goes south, will they be ready?
Let Me Guess: "I Agreed With Most Of What You Said," And What You Disagreed With Is What You Are Guilty Of, Right?
COVID-19 vaccine spike proteins are SHEDDING, giving people heart attacks, strokes and more
10+ Outrageous Moments From Gibberish Joe's Dumpster Fire Presser (VIDEO)
The most powerful SECRET they don't want you to realize you already possess

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A Qualified Rehabilitation Facility (QRF) is a nonprofit organization whose purpose is to assist and encourage Oregonians with disabilities to achieve maximum independence through gainful and useful employment. QRF's are certified by the Oregon Department of Administrative Services and the State Procurement Office (SPO) manages the products and services of these programs. QRF's are supported and represented by the Oregon Resource Association (ORA).
ORS 279.850 mandates public agencies to procure products and services that are included on the Qualified Rehabilitation Facilities Program Procurement List available on the State Procurement Office website from a qualified nonprofit agency for disabled individuals provided the product or service is of the appropriate specifications, is available within the period required by the public agency, and at the price negotiated between the QRF and the agency. Contracts with QRF's are exempt from competition.


BARRETT, Elizabeth (2017). Tied to the worldly work of writing: parent as ethnographer. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities.
BENOZZO, Angelo, CAREY, Neil, COZZA, Michaela, ELMENHORST, Constanse, FARICHILD, Nikki, KORO-LJUNGBERG, Mirka and TAYLOR, Carol (2019). Disturbing the AcademicConferenceMachine: Post-qualitative re-turnings. Gender, work and organisation, 26 (2), 87-106.
BEVINS, Stuart, DANIELS, Tony, FORSTER, George, PERRY, Emily, PRICE, Gareth and WINDALE, Mark (2016). Design of an engineering curriculum and 12 STEM modules for the Thai Basic Education Ministry (OBEC). Project Report. Sheffield Hallam University.
BOYLAN, Mark, DEMACK, Sean, STEVENS, Anna, COLDWELL, Michael and STIELL, Bernadette (2016). An Evaluation of the Further Mathematics Support Programme : Research Report. Project Report. Sheffield Hallam University.
BRACEWELL, Diana, JORDAN, Julie, PRICE, Gareth, OLLEY, Chris and WALKER, John (2017). RBPT Workshops in Mohali and Tezpur, 2017 Report of the Workshops at IISER, Mohali, and the University of Tezpur, January 2017. Project Report. Sheffield Hallam University.
BULLOUGH, Andy (2016). Does intelligent life exist beyond our planet? An exercise in estimation and problem solving. School Science Review, 97 (360), 61-62.
CAMPBELL, Stephen Christopher (2017). The social construction of dyslexia in UK higher education. Doctoral, Sheffield Hallam University.
CULLINEY, Martin (2017). Escaping the rural pay penalty: longitudinal analysis of rural/urban youth earnings in Britain. Work, Employment and Society, 31 (3), 429-446.
DOAK, Jonathan and DOAK, Lauran (2017). Non-verbal victims in the adversarial criminal process: communication, competency, and credibility. Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly, 68 (4), 451-468.
DONAGHUE, Helen (2017). Co-constructing positive identities in post-observation feedback talk. In: CARDENAS, M.L. and BASURTO SANTOS, Nora M., (eds.) Investigación - research - recherche: En lenguas extranjeras y lingüística aplicada. Bogota, Colombia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia & Universidad Veracruzana, 33-56.
DONAGHUE, Helen (2018). Relational work and identity negotiation in critical post observation teacher feedback. Journal of Pragmatics, 135 (Oct 18), 101-116.
DONAGHUE, Helen and OXHOLM, Alice (2017). Engaging student teachers in reflection through micro teaching and interaction. The European Journal of Applied Linguistics and TEFL, 6 (2), 145-164.
HANNAM-SWAIN, Stephanie (2018). The additional labour of a disabled PhD student. Disability and Society, 33 (1), 138-142.
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JAY, Tim, WILLIS, Benjamin, THOMAS, Peter, TAYLOR, Roberta, MOORE, Nicolas, BURNETT, Cathy, MERCHANT, Guy and STEVENS, Anna (2017). Dialogic Teaching : Evaluation Report and Executive Summary. Project Report. London, UK, Education Endowment Foundation.
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MADRIAGA, Manuel (2018). Antiblackness in English higher education. International Journal of Inclusive Education.
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Everything at The Quality Group (TQG) is pointing towards growth. Gaining ever more new customers in the field of Enterprise Information Management and further cooperation with state-run lottery companies is demanding the rapid expansion of the TQG operation in Hamburg.
With around 1,300m2 of office space, there is plenty of room for the ever-growing team. Both staff members and customers are delighted with TQG's new location – right in the heart of Hamburg, with direct connections to the U-Bahn, S-Bahn, bus stops and a Stadt-Rad bicycle station right by the front door.


More often nowadays people are taking their home security into their own hands. After all, everyone wants to know their valuables are protected and every family wants to know their children are safe. Getting set up can be a challenge, but Gigaset offers you the basis of your home security in one kit. Below are Onedirect's thoughts.
The Gigaset Elements Kit includes three devices that are the foundations of an effective, modern security kit. You can easily expand this collection of products to further improve your home security.
The door and motion sensors work together to detect whether someone has come home. This feature is particularly useful for parents to monitor their children.
The Gigaset Elements kit is easy to assemble and install (even without quick start manual) and can be done in less than half an hour. It is simple to connect the sensors to the base station and you can mount the door and motion sensors within minutes. As well as this, the sleek, white design complements any home.
The Gigaset Elements app enables your smartphone or tablet to receive data from your home in real time. The app is free, regularly updated and you can customise which notifications you receive. You can also see if the system needs attention, for example if the battery is low.
You will be immediately aware of anything out of place happening in your home. However, if your device was on "do not disturb" setting or vibrate you would miss the push alert. The siren, therefore, may be another requirement if you need to keep your device muted.
The development of the Elements kit comes from thorough and extensive research performed in real homes so you can be sure that it knows what it's doing. The door sensor detects anything unusual from forced entry to strange timing, of which you will be immediately alerted through the app so that you can act straight away. You can even use it to turn your lights on and off to deter burglars. It works anywhere within the European Economic Area and in Switzerland. This is convenient if you have a holiday home you'd like to keep an eye on.
So why buy the Gigaset Elements Starter Kit? First and foremost it is a very useful foundation of devices to start you out with a home security kit. It is easy to expand your kit with the additional door and motion sensors and an alarm component. You can breathe easy knowing that your home is being securely watched. With the efficient app, you'll be the first to know if anything is out of place.


The Copenhagen Timber Bed Frame combines the finest timber craftsmanship with traditional elegance to create an aura of sophistication.
The Copenhagen's sturdy yet elegant frame is made from the highest quality materials and the highest quality craftsmanship. It is built to withstand the tests of time and give you long lasting quality.
Do you need some extra space for storage? The Copenhagen comes with optional storage space including one large drawer or three small ones each equipped with tunnel runners offering easier use and wider space.


Quiz: Can You Name The Pat Benatar Song By One Line?
Hit this with your best shot!
"You're begging me to go then making me stay"
"Surrender all your dreams to me tonight. They'll come true in the end"
"'Cause it's just an illusion in this passion play. I've seen you burn 'em before"
"Well you're a real tough cookie with a long history"
"Always I'm surprised how well you cut my feelings to the bone"
"Do you think I'm a fool, well you better think twice I've had enough baby, it's time you realized"
"It's like a bad dream that never ends. It puts up walls between us"
"Your love is like a tidal wave, spinning over my head"
"Armed and ready, you fought love battles in the night"
"You had a temper like my jealousy - too hot, too greedy"


Cleaning the world does not mean you have to dirty the planet. There is a significant shift towards household products in the CPG industry that are effective but gentle and eco-friendly to the environment. To meet this demand and expand the market for sustainable and 'green' products, household product Consumer Packaged Goods manufacturers must enhance their product portfolio with products that can compete. This means driving sustainability initiatives across product development, reformulation efforts, and both packaging and manufacturing initiatives.
And finally, consumers are becoming more aware of what's around them, leading to an increased demand for eco-friendly products.
R&D organizations from brand and contract manufacturers can balance performance and cost with a robust formula design and management solution that manages powerful ingredient-level calculations. Constant innovation in products requires an agile development for formulations. More than ever, it is also about leveraging the availabilities of raw materials in different plants around the world at the lowest cost.
Market globalization and product success replication in every region of the world is a key challenge for a world class CPG brand manufacturer. Local and global governmental regulations and brands willing to strengthen consumers' 'trust in their equity' rely on a perfect regulatory compliancy for formulas. Very often today, managing regulatory compliance is a highly manual process: collecting status reviews, discovering changes late in the process and making decisions on the right materials to be used, is a long and unsaved knowledge process.
Rare mineral resources can drive costs up for household products companies in the CPG industry. With enormous pressure on internal margins, how do companies react when materials go up in price? Leveraging science for raw materials substitutions that can help decrease formula costs is a lever that leading companies can take advantage of.


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The Department of Health Companies prepares future health practitioners, managers, and researchers to conduct the unfinished work of improving the effectively-being of communities in the United States and all through the world. You recognize nicely sufficient that we're exploiters. You know too that we have laid arms on first the gold and metals, then the petroleum of the 'new continents', and that we've got introduced them back to the outdated nations. This was not with out wonderful results, as witness our palaces, our cathedrals and our nice industrial cities; and then when there was the specter of a droop, the colonial markets had been there to melt the blow or to divert it.
Utah State college students, their spouses, and their dependents can obtain certain medical and skilled providers. System of religious beliefs is the set of doctrines that define the group's assent to the basic questions of life, conduct, and salvation. You've had your insurance for months or years, however have not had to make use of it. Name your insurance firm and ask what you can anticipate being answerable for. Give them as much information as potential so they can present you an accurate account of your advantages.
All relationships need stability, you may't do an excessive amount of of 1 factor, or not enough of another thing. Stability is really wanted in any relationship, especially if you are to the point of begging someone to maintain you firm. If you're in a relationship and you are truly being really needy, then your emotions may want some attention. Nobody might be with one particular person as a way of want and never share their time with others as effectively; this is how an individual could get out of steadiness.
Previously decade, there was an unlimited surge in common political activism, which has corresponded to the enlargement of imperialism, exploitation and despotism on this planet. The occasions of September eleven, 2001, sparked two major geopolitical events. The first was the implementation of the Bush Doctrine – the War on Terror" — which was organized in response to the terrorist attacks.
Other research also show that bodily health issues had been demonstrated to be a predictor of both the onset and the persistence of depression" (Geerlings, Beekman, Deeg, Tilburg, 2000). In later life, declining bodily health is commonly considered some of the important risk factors for melancholy. In multivariate analyses minor despair was related to physical health, while major despair was not. General features of bodily health had stronger associations with melancholy than particular illness categories" (Beekman, Penninx, Deeg, Braam, Tilburg, 1997).


text:
"Russia Without Putin" = Anti-Kremlin Rallies In Big Cities / "Strategy 31"
Russian police detained dozens of anti-Kremlin protester s as they tried to demonstrate for the right to assemble on Triumph Square in central Moscow. Similar protests and detentions were reported in St. Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod.
The protesters were heavily outnumbered by riot police. At least 54 of a group of more radical opposition members, led by Eduard Limonov and Sergei Udaltsov, were dragged away to police buses as revelers chanted "Shame" and "Freedom!"
The protest was one of a series of "Strategy 31" demonstrations organized for the 31st day of the month in reference to Article 31 in the Russian constitution that permits peaceful demonstrations.
"The police consistently break up these gatherings and don't allow us to come together," he said. "They arrest everyone, one after another. Listen to how the police carry on shouting while the people chant 'Russia without Putin, Russia without Putin.'"
Posted in Russia | Leave a Comment »
Report On Torture and Arbitrary Detention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan to UN
CIVICUS: Report On Torture and Arbitrary Detention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan to UN Special Mechanisms – HERE
The 40-page report, a compilation of personal narratives and analysis presented as a briefing to United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture entitled "Torture and Arbitrary Detention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan" identifies torture as a common practice in the Turkmen and Uzbek penal systems used to interrogate, punish alleged criminals of all varieties, silence perceived and actual dissent, or for no apparent reason. Long administrative detentions, medical malpractice, and other illegal activities often occur in conjunction with abuse.
The report, presented to the UN last week in Geneva, details 12 cases of specific abuse and examines the impact of the governments' observed complicity in said abuse. It calls on UN special mechanisms to guide an independent investigation into the deaths, torture and arbitrary detention of Turkmen and Uzbek citizens.
Torture is often used to combat the perceived threat of dissent, said CIVICUS. People linked with the Andijan events of 2005 – when Uzbek government forces opened fire on protestors resulting in an international refugee crisis and hundreds of arrests – including innocent family members, are routinely detained, brought up on bogus charges and subjected to long years of bodily torture and psychological terror.
Posted in Turkmenistan, UN, Uzbekistan | 1 Comment »
Kazakh Opposition Publisher Missing After Attack
Daniyar Moldashev is the director of a publishing house in Almaty that prints the opposition newspapers "Respublika" (The Republic) and "Golos respubliki" (The Voice of the Republic).
On March 25 Moldashev was severely beaten and robbed by unknown individuals on his way home from the Almaty airport. He was returning from Moscow where he had met with "Respublika" editors. The journalists said they believe Moldashev may have later been abducted.
Almaty police say it is too early to talk about an abduction as there is no evidence to prove Moldashev was kidnapped or that he is even missing.
"Respublika" had to move its headquarters to Moscow from Almaty several years ago after Kazakh authorities imposed restrictions on the newspaper.
"Golos respubliki" had to suspend operations due to pressure imposed by local authorities several times and some of its reporters have been attacked and beaten in the past.
Posted in Kazakhstan | Leave a Comment »
Lawyer Medvedev Warned Fighters In North Caucasus To Surrender or "Be Destroyed."
Mr. Medvedev noted with regret that the Islamist militant groups almost always responsible for suicide attacks and he ordered his security services to finish them off."We need to do this and bring this work to an end."
Russia has been battling Islamist separatists in the North Caucasus for nearly two decades, but violence in the region occurs almost daily, and attacks in Moscow and elsewhere are common.
Mr. Medvedev said Monday's assault on the suspected terrorist base delivered "sufficiently impressive results." as many were killed, even it is not yet know who was killed.
The operation, carried out in a wooded area of Ingushetia near the border with Chechnya, was remarkable in its scale and firepower. At least 17 suspected militants were killed when Russia's air force bombarded the area.
"Among the dead militants there should be the leaders of militant groups," Nikolai Sintsov, a spokesman for Russia's National Anti-Terrorist Committee, said Tuesday. "At the moment, an investigation is under way to determine the identities of the dead criminals."
The Investigative Committee also released new details on Tuesday about two brothers arrested recently and charged with accompanying the suicide bomber in the Domodedovo attack.
"The presence of the explosive devices leads to the conclusion that they were preparing a terrorist attack."
Russia Hunt For Terrorists – Suspected Terrorist Turns Out To Be Missing Girl
Moscow police were seeking a young woman who arrived in Moscow from west Siberia's Surgut to carry out a terrorist attack. She was wanted on terrorism cahrges.
Siberian student, who arrived in Moscow earlier this week and wanted on terrorism charges, instead had been declared missing by her mother.
"Police started searching for Viktoria Syrbu after her mother declared her missing. Viktoria has never been wanted as a potential terrorist," the source said.
Uzbekistan: Freedom Of Religion Or Extremism? 20 Bookstores Closed
Twenty bookstores in the Kitoblar dunyosi (World of Books) book trading center have been raided by Uzbek National Security Service (NSS) agents, police, tax officers, and representatives of the government Committee for Religious Affairs in the past week and closed.
However the bookstore owners were selling only books approved by the state.
The U.S. State Department's 2010 report on religious freedom says that in Uzbekistan possession of literature by authors deemed to be extremists, or of any literature illegally imported or produced, may lead to arrest and prosecution.
The government categorically prohibits leaflets on the banned group Hizb ut-Tahrir and literature on Nur, a Turkish Muslim group deemed extremist.
Local human rights activists say authorities have intensified their already tight grip on religion in the wake of the recent antigovernment uprisings in the Middle East.
Employees in various sectors have reported they have come under pressure not to perform the five daily Muslim prayers, including Friday Prayers, during working hours. Women working in offices and markets have complained they are being told by employers not to wear the hijab, or Islamic head scarf.Officials have confirmed around 15,000 Bibles have been confiscated in the past year.
Human rights groups have criticized the authorities, saying many people have been labeled "extremists" and jailed for peacefully practicing their religion.
Police claimed they were on a counterterrorism operation and are preparing a criminal and administrative case against the Baptists.
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SCO! + UN? = Compromise of Human Rights Under Cover of Counter-Terrorism
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), comprising six states with deeply troubling human rights records – China, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan – is increasingly embraced by the international community as a partner in countering terrorism and forging peace and security.
Report Terrorism and Human Rights: The Impact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization released on March 30, 2011, Human Rights in China (HRIC) argues that the SCO's counter-terrorism policies and practices undermine the effectiveness and integrity of the international counter-terrorism framework, and enable SCO member states to target their own populations through repressive measures that compromise internationally-recognized human.
· Non-compliance with UN standards. In adapting "Three Evils" doctrine –alleged separatist, extremist, and terrorist acts with its overbroad scope target legitimate expressions of political and religious beliefs.
· Violation of individual human rights protected under international law. Such practices as cooperative surveillance, a shared database and blacklists, guaranteed extraditions and denials of asylum, and ethnic and religious profiling, violate the right to privacy, principles of non-discrimination, non-refoulement, and protection of asylum seekers, and due process protections.
· Negative impact on the international counter-terrorism framework. The SCO has actively attempted to integrate its framework into that of the UN, as well as in other international fora. The UN and others have responded favorably and without critical review of SCO policies and practice.. full report HERE
Posted in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, others, Russia, SCO, Tajikistan, UN, Uzbekistan | Leave a Comment »
Terror Acts In Northern Caucasus In 2010
In 2010, the count of terror acts, casualties and victims in Northern Caucasus went up – in total, 238 explosions and 15 terror acts with participation of suicide bombers were committed, that is, by 9 explosions and 1 terror act more than in 2009. In 2009, there were 92 casualties and 332 victims; in 2010 – 151 persons perished and 656 persons were wounded.
CHARTER HERE
Россия: Газету Вновь Пытаются Уличить В "Экстремизме"
Прокуратура Пермского края проводит проверку публикации в газете "За человека", издаваемой Пермским региональным правозащитным центром, на наличие в журналистском материале признаков экстремизма.
Внимание правоохранителей обратилось на статью Романа Юшкова "Коми-Пермяцкий округ – начало партизанской войны?", опубликованную в сентябрьском номере издания ПРПЦ за прошлый год.
Статья посвящена сложным взаимоотношениям местного русского и коми-пермяцкого населения с крепнущей на территории Коми-округа азербайджанской диаспорой, а также той роли, которую играют в этой ситуации местная власть и правоохранительные органы, передает Civitas.ru.
Для получения объективной оценки публикации прокуратура обратилась в Управление Роскомнадзора по Пермскому краю. Руководство Управления созвало научно-консультационный совет при своём ведомстве с тем, чтобы всесторонне оценить статью правозащитного издания. Членам совета было предложено решить, имеются ли в материале призывы, направленные на возбуждение расовой и национальной розни, пропаганда исключительности и превосходства человека по принципу его национальной принадлежности и др. Большинство экспертов, в число которых входят профессиональные лингвисты, чиновники Роскомнадзора, сотрудники силовых ведомств и др., сочли, что признаков экстремизма в статье Юшкова нет.
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Russians Demand "Third" Person As Country Goes Wrong Direction
Russia needs 'third man' in 2012 polls
Russia's leaders are increasingly mistrusted and there is a growing desire for an alternative to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin or President Dmitry Medvedev in 2012 polls.
"People have not only stopped fearing a 'third person' but are beginning to wish for his emergence,.The most important change in the political consciousness of Russians over the last eight months consists not just of a fall of trust in the tandem and its participants but also a growth in demand for a 'third' person."
The past year has seen an onset of a "political crisis" … The leaders have said that they will decide between themselves which one of them will run.
"Medvedev seems an unelectable figure" while Putin is gaining "anti-electorate" among not just the opposition but wider society that accuses him of acting in self-interest.
The ratings of President Medvedev an Prime Minister Putin have fallen to historic lows, and for the first time a majority of citizens believe that the country is moving in the wrong direction.
A significant fall in the president's and prime minister's ratings was noted last month – and they are continuing to decline.
Levada Center calls these results "a continuation of the trend that began last year" and links it to the continued rise in inflation, which is not compensated by a rise in wages, as well as people's disappointment, and a lack of visible prospects. The slump in ratings could partly be explained by the growing political uncertainty regarding the 2012 election,.
Kyrgyz Prosecutors Refuse to Investigate Torture Despite Evidence
HRW: Kyrgyz authorities' refusal to investigate torture allegations in a case to be reviewed by the Supreme Court on March 29, 2011, constitutes a serious violation of both Kyrgyz and international law.
Farrukh Gapirov, an ethnic Uzbek charged with involvement in the interethnic violence in Kyrgyzstan in the summer of 2010, was acquitted by the Osh Municipal Court, in southern Kyrgyzstan, because the court found that the main evidence against him – his confession – had been extracted under torture. Despite judicial instructions to investigate the use of torture, which were supported by photographic, video, and medical evidence presented at trial, the prosecutorial authorities in Osh refused to open a criminal investigation. Instead they appealed Gapirov's acquittal to the provincial court, which upheld the acquittal, and then to the Supreme Court, which will review the acquittal on March 29.
"The authorities' blatant dismissal of the court's orders in this case, and their refusal to investigate the use of torture despite overwhelming evidence, is incomprehensible. It's hard to imagine what more evidence could possibly be needed to get the authorities to investigate a torture case." said Mr Solvang from Human Rights Watch.
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ECHR: Disappearance and Presumed Death of Chechen Man
ON 29.3.2011 In Chamber judgment in the case Murtazovy v. Russia (application
no.11564/07) the European Court of Human Rights held,
unanimously, that there had been:
A violation of Article 2 (right to life) of the European Convention on Human Rights
concerning the disappearance of the applicants' close relative;
A violation of Article 2 of the Convention concerning the inadequate investigation into
his disappearance;
A violation of Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment or
punishment) concerning the applicants' moral suffering;
A violation of Article 5 (right to liberty and security); and
A violation of Article 13 (right to an effective remedy).
The case concerned the applicants' allegation that Ayub Murtazov was abducted and
killed by Russian servicemen during an unacknowledged security operation in November
2002 in the Chechen Republic.
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ECHR: Russia Must pay 1.3ml To 27 Inhabitants Of Chechnya
Esmukhambetov and Others v. Russia (application no. 23445/03)
The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) has decided that Russia had to pay more than 1,3 million euros as compensation to the residents of Chechen republic, recognized by the court as aggrieved from the anti-terrorist operation in 1999.
In 1999, two Russian military planes raided the village, firing machine gun shots and dropping a number of bombs, resulting in the deaths of two children and three women. One of the applicants (Mr Esmukhambetov) witnessed the death of his two young sons and of his wife, the latter dying in his arms fatally wounded with shrapnel. The air raid also left approximately 30 houses destroyed or severely damaged. Many of the villagers left Kogi the same day, driving off to the nearby village of Kumli in Dagestan. The following day, the bodies of all the victims were buried and the administration of Kogi issued certificates in respect of each victim, stating that they had been killed during the bombing. When the villagers subsequently returned to Kogi to collect their belongings, they witnessed Russian federal servicemen demolishing further buildings. Most of the applicants did not return to Kogi after that; they spent the following winter in a refugee camp in Dagestan.
ЕСПЧ Обязал Россию Выплатить 1,3 Млн Евро По Иску Чечни
Европейский суд по правам человека (ЕСПЧ) постановил выплатить более 1,3 миллиона евро в качестве компенсации по обращению жителей Чеченской республики, признанных судом пострадавшими в результате проведения контртеррористической операции в 1999 году .- текст = РАПСИ/infosud.ru.
С исковым заявлением в ЕСПЧ в июле 2003 года обратились 27 жителей одного из населенных пунктов Шелковского района Чечни, по которому в сентябре 1999 года федеральными силами был нанесен авиаудар. Согласно документам, всего в населенном пункте на тот момент проживало порядка 30 семей, в результате бомбардировки погибло пять жителей, многие дома были разрушены.
Российская сторона объяснила инцидент проведением контртеррористической операции – по имевшейся информации в данном районе наблюдалась концентрация членов незаконных бандформирований. Кроме того, там была обнаружена база по подготовке террористов….
Позднее российский суд указал на законное право родственников погибших и пострадавших в результате боевых действий в Чеченской Республике на компенсацию в 20 тысяч рублей.
По мнению правительства РФ, истцы не исчерпали предоставленные им государством средства правовой защиты. ЕСПЧ, тем не менее, признал поданное заявление приемлемым и, рассмотрев его, присудил истцам в общей сложности более 1,3 миллиона евро в связи с нарушением ряда статей Европейской конвенции о защите прав человека.
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Documentary Movie: Torture- Everyday Reality In Chechnya
Interview with Mantas Kvedaravicius the author of the documentary Movie BARZAKH
I lived for a year in Chechnya between 2007 and 2009 and shot the film then, at the time that Chechnya was still the "zone of counter-terrorist operation". The whole territory was legally treated as if it were a hijacked building or airplane. Anyone could be taken from their home or from the street, properties and documents could be seized, and people arrested, frisked, checked-up, beaten or killed. Any conversation could be recorded or communication disallowed, and connection with outside world denied. Foreign journalists had to receive their short-term visit permission well in advance, and if they were granted it, they would be accompanied by state security services. So secret filming was the only way to bring out the other side of that reality, and it could be done only with the help of local people who managed to get me in and out of the "zone" and keep me safe, sometimes at great risk to themselves. Alas, during the time we were filming at least four people were either killed or disappeared. Amongst them was my friend Nataliya Estemirova, who helped enormously in this project, but was kidnapped and killed in summer 2009.
Torture is everyday reality in Chechnya… I was not interested in the production of certain truths where either the reasons or the motives of perpetrators are laid bare, or the traumas of victims are simply exposed to our voyeuristic gaze. Rather I was concerned to show how torture enters into everyday life; to inquire into its lingering power over a person. Simultaneously I was struck so many times by the extraordinary capacity of the human being to be able to live a dignified life after it had been destroyed by pain; by the absolute power of the state agents over the people. This helped me to understand that torture is not simply the painful event that endures for the rest of the one's life, but the moment when the desire for life is itself killed in that person.…more HERE


Objectives Cross-sectional studies suggest that around 6% of men undergo prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing each year in UK general practice (GP). This longitudinal study aims to determine the cumulative testing pattern of men over a 10-year period and whether this testing can be considered equivalent to screening for prostate cancer (PCa).
Setting, participants and outcome measures Patient-level data on PSA tests, biopsies and PCa diagnoses were obtained from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) for the years 2002 to 2011. The cumulative risks of PSA testing and of being diagnosed with PCa were estimated for the 10-year study period. Associations of a man's age, region and index of multiple deprivation with the cumulative risk of PSA testing and PCa diagnosis were investigated. Rates of biopsy and diagnosis, following a high test result, were compared with those from the programme of PSA testing in the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) study.
Results The 10-year risk of exposure to at least one PSA test in men aged 45 to 69 years in UK GP was 39.2% (95% CI 39.0 to 39.4%). The age-specific risks ranged from 25.2% for men aged 45–49 years to 53.0% for men aged 65–69 years (p for trend <0.001). For those with a PSA level ≥3, a test in UK GP was less likely to result in a biopsy (6%) and/or diagnosis of PCa (15%) compared with ProtecT study participants (85% and 34%, respectively).
Conclusion A high proportion of men aged 45–69 years undergo PSA tests in UK GP: 39% over a 10-year period. A high proportion of these tests appear to be for the investigation of lower urinary tract symptoms and not screening for PCa.
Trial registration number ISRCTN20141297, NCT02044172.
This is the first study in the UK to look at patterns of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing over a 10-year period in a cohort of men.
Data on over 430 000 men could be analysed from the Clinical Practice Research Database and compared with data on 58 500 men from the programme of PSA testing and diagnostic biopsy in the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) study.
The completeness of some routine data items is uncertain; with the recorded diagnoses outnumbering the recorded biopsies indicating that the latter are under-recorded.
It was not possible to distinguish tests undertaken in men with and without symptoms; therefore, the proportion of tests prompted by the presentation of lower urinary tract symptoms was inferred.
While estimates of the number of men undergoing a PSA test in a 12-month period give an indication of how widespread use of the test has become in UK GP, a longitudinal perspective is needed to examine how the PSA test is being used to manage the risk of PCa in individual men. Long-term retrospective cohort studies of PSA testing rates have been conducted elsewhere in Europe15 16; however, the cumulative risks of PSA testing in the UK are yet to be quantified.
The primary objective of this study was to estimate the cumulative risk of PSA testing of UK men in primary care, without a diagnosis of PCa, over the 10-year period 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2011. The association of testing rates with age, region and index of multiple deprivation (IMD) was investigated. The proportion of tests resulting in a biopsy and/or diagnosis of PCa was compared with the programme of PSA testing, akin to screening, in the Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) study17 to gauge whether PSA tests undertaken in UK GP can be considered as an effective attempt at screening.
Data were requested for GP surgeries in all areas of UK but excluding London as it is thought that PSA testing rates would be markedly different in the capital.11 We included practices which contributed acceptable 'research standard' data for the observation period, 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2011.19 Data requested from the CPRD included: age, IMD from 2004, region, GP practice size, mortality date and cause, occurrence of PSA tests and prostate biopsies. PSA test dates before 2002 were also collected to estimate how many of the men had received a test prior to registration. IMD is an area-based deprivation measure which ranges from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating higher levels of deprivation. CPRD bases these on the patients' postcode (English residents only) and then creates twentiles to ensure concealment of individuals' place of residence.
Entry to the cohort commenced on 1 January 2002. Person-years for the time before the first PSA test were calculated having censored men from the analysis at the earliest of: (1) the end of the study period (31 December 2011), (2) after receiving a PCa diagnosis or (3) death or transfer out of the practice. Men aged 45 to 69 years at study entry were included (those born between 1933 and 1957).
Practices thought to be involved with research involving practice-wide PSA testing within the eligible age group were excluded. For example, the ProtecT study17 was recruiting at UK GPs during 2001 to 2009. This exclusion was done by calculating the PSA testing rate for the men in each practice for all 60 2-month periods within the observation period and excluding a practice if in any 2-month period all the following conditions were satisfied: (1) the testing rate was >3.5 SDs higher than the overall practice average, (2) more than 10 men were tested and (3) more than 5% of men not previously tested were tested in this period.
The follow-up period for each man was calculated as the difference in years between registration start date (on or after 1 January 2002) and censoring (defined above). The Kaplan-Meier failure function estimated the cumulative proportion of men exposed to at least one PSA test and diagnosed with PCa over the course of the 10-year period for all men. The log-rank test was then used to investigate relationships between characteristics of the men and risk of undergoing a PSA test. A Cox proportional hazards model and Wald test were also used to check that associations remained, with or without accounting for clustering by practice. For men with full 10-year follow-up and no diagnosis of PCa (before or during follow-up), logistic and ordinal logistic regression were used to explore relationships between age group and the number of tests each man received.
The percentage of men retested within 365 days of their first test was explored by age category and PSA level for the CPRD data. For this analysis, all men in CPRD who had 365 days of follow-up post-PSA test were included; as well as those diagnosed within 365 days. Associations between age and retesting were investigated using logistic regression. Serum PSA levels for both the first and second test were used to determine the percentage of men diagnosed out of those who were retested, given their first and second PSA levels.
Data on men who attended PSA screening as part of the ProtecT study17 were used to explore how routine data on PSA tests compare with the tests carried out as part of a screening intervention. The ProtecT data were divided between men with LUTS and no LUTS and compared with the CPRD dataset, by age group and further broken down by PSA level. LUTS were defined using five questions from the International Continence Society Male Short-Form questionnaire.21 Men were classified as having LUTS if any of the following were true: (1) urinating every 2 hours or more during the day, (2) urinating at least twice during the night or (3) suffering 'sometimes', 'most of the time' or 'all of the time' from delayed urination, rushing to urinate or leaking before reaching the toilet. Men diagnosed with PCa before having their first PSA test in ProtecT were removed. PSA level was broken down into the following categories to ensure adequate numbers in each group: PSA <3, 3≤PSA<4, 4≤PSA<6, 6≤PSA<10 and PSA ≥10.
As an additional exploratory analysis, the percentage of men undergoing prostate biopsy and the percentage diagnosed with PCa within 365 days of their PSA test are also presented for men in the CPRD dataset and the two groups of ProtecT participants (LUTS and no LUTS). Comparisons between cohorts, and between risk groups within a cohort, were made using logistic and ordinal logistic regression. Within CPRD, biopsies and diagnoses were detected using medcodes provided by CPRD which correspond to Read-codes which are used in GP in the UK. Lists used are in online supplementary table 1.
The CPRD group holds ethical approval from a National Research Ethics Service Committee for all purely observational research using anonymised CPRD data. The ProtecT trial holds ethics approval from the Trent Multicentre Research Ethics Committee (21/06/2001, ref: 01/4/025).
In total, 450 000 men from 578 primary care practices across all regions of the UK (excluding London) were included in the CPRD data extract. Of these 450 000 men: 14 were removed due to missing or conflicting data; 303 were listed as having died before 2002; 2184 had a diagnosis of PCa date before 2002 and 369 patients had no follow-up. From the remaining 447 130 patients, 12 894 (3%) men were removed as they were attendees of 19 practices suspected of participating in research involving practice-wide PSA testing. After the removal of these practices, the final sample was 434 236 men from 558 practices. Of these, 161 478 (37%) had the full 10-year follow-up.
The men were followed up for a cohort total of 2 963 645 person-years (median 8.25 years, IQR 3.83–10.00). Between 2002 and 2011 inclusively, 120 697 (28%) men received at least one PSA test, and 7538 (2%) men received a PCa diagnosis. The cumulative 1-year, 5-year and 10-year risks of receiving a PSA test were 5.1% (95% CI 5.0% to 5.2%), 21.4% (95% CI 21.3% to 21.5%) and 39.2% (95% CI 39.0% to 39.4%), respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve illustrates the cumulative risk of PSA testing over the 10-year period, along with the age-specific cumulative risks (figure 1A). A similar trend was seen in PCa diagnoses (figure 1B). The cumulative 1-year, 5-year and 10-year risks of receiving a PCa diagnosis were 0.2% (95% CI 0.2% to 0.2%), 1.0% (95% CI 1.0% to 1.1%) and 2.7% (95% CI 2.7% to 2.8%), respectively.
(A) Kaplan-Meier failure estimate: cumulative risk over 10 years of receiving a PSA test, by age group, during the period 2002 to 2012. (B) Kaplan-Meier failure estimate: cumulative risk over 10 years of receiving a prostate cancer diagnosis, by age group, during the period 2002 to 2012. PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
Table 1 shows the risks by age group, region, IMD quartiles and testing history. The risk of receiving a PSA test for men in the lowest age category (45–49 years) was substantially lower than the highest age category (65–69 years), with 10-year risks of exposure to PSA testing of 25.2% and 53.0%, respectively (p<0.001). Likewise, the risk of diagnosis was also lower, with 10-year risks of 0.5% and 6.3% for age groups 45–49 years and 65–69 years, respectively.
PSA testing and diagnosis risks varied by region (p<0.001). The risks of testing and diagnosis were higher in more southern areas, especially the South East Coast (47.5% and 3.1%, respectively) and Wales (45.0% and 2.8%, respectively). The lowest risks were found in Scotland (23.8% and 2.4%, respectively) and the North East (30.5% and 2.3%, respectively). Those living in areas of greater deprivation had a lower risk of testing (46.3% vs 31.9%) and diagnosis (3.2% vs 1.9%); p for trend <0.001.
Those who had received a PSA test prior to registration were substantially more likely to receive a PSA test and diagnosis than those who had not (73.2 vs 37.0 and 5.9 vs 2.5, respectively); p<0.001.
There were 157 586 men with complete 10-year follow-up and no PCa. Of these, 57 491 men (36%) underwent at least one PSA test. Older age group was strongly related to a greater number of tests over 10 years (p<0.001, table 2).
Data on PSA levels in CPRD were incomplete, but the median first PSA result of those tested with a result (n=119 175) was 1.23 ng/mL (IQR 0.70–2.60; figure 2). If those with a PSA test date but missing level (n=1522, 1%) had a result of approximately 0, the median PSA would be 1.20 ng/mL (IQR 0.70–2.60). Removing the lowest age category (45–49) increased the median PSA to 1.34 ng/mL (0.70–2.90), n=102 107. For the ProtecT men, the median PSA result of those collected (n=58 542) was 0.99 ng/mL (IQR 0.60–1.70).
Distribution of PSA levels on the log scale. PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
Of those PSA-tested with a full year's follow-up after their test (aged 50–69 years), 17 757/90 252 (20%) had a second test within a year of their first; of which 17 218 had an initial result (table 3). Undergoing a second PSA test within a year of the first test was strongly associated with a higher PSA level at the first test (OR per PSA category higher 1.85, 95% CI 1.83 to 1.88; p<0.001). Those men with a PSA <3 ng/mL were more likely to be retested within a year if they were in an older age group (OR per age category older 1.04, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.04; p<0.001). This trend was reversed for those men with a PSA ≥3 ng/mL, those in an older age group were less likely to be retested within a year than those in a younger age group (OR per age category older 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.98; p<0.001).
Older men were also at greater risk of having a higher PSA test than those in younger age categories, for ProtecT and CPRD data (for the CPRD cohort, OR per age group older1.08, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.08; p<0.001). On average, those ProtecT participants presenting with LUTS appeared to have higher PSA levels than those with no LUTS, whereas men in CPRD had the highest PSA results (table 3).
From the ProtecT data, 22 200 men were identified as having LUTS (based on our definition) at the consultation for their PSA test, and 36 364 men did not have LUTS; 22 193 and 36 349, respectively, had a PSA result recorded. For men with a PSA level of 3 ng/mL or higher, biopsy and diagnosis rates were much higher in ProtecT participants than CPRD. This remained true, even when those with a high PSA level were confirmed high in a further test (online supplementary table S2); furthermore, for men in the CPRD cohort, a lower proportion underwent biopsy than were subsequently diagnosed. Overall, the odds of diagnosis within a year of a PSA test was three times higher in the ProtecT study compared with the CPRD data for those with PSA ≥3 (OR 2.99, 95% CI 2.80 to 3.18; p<0.001).
For CPRD, as expected, men with a higher PSA level were more likely to be diagnosed (OR per PSA category higher 3.52, 95% CI 3.42 to 3.61; p<0.001), as were older men (OR per age category higher 1.08, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.08; p<0.001). For those aged between 50 and 69 years, the biopsy rates were <1%, 1%, 5%, 10% and 13% for PSA categories PSA <3, 3≤PSA<4, 4≤PSA<6, 6≤PSA<10 and PSA ≥10, respectively. The diagnosis rates were <1%, 1%, 6%, 18% and 45%, respectively.
The observation of greater testing of men living in more affluent areas is consistent with previous studies.8–10 This association presumably arises from more affluent men being more likely to request a test or through GPs serving more affluent areas being more likely to promote the test to their male patients. There is some evidence to suggest that PCa is more prevalent in areas of lower deprivation26; however, the extent to which PSA testing patterns inform this is difficult to determine.
Overall, 11% of men with 10 years of follow-up were tested three or more times. This varied by age group, 20% of men aged 65 to 69 years at the outset being tested three or more times, compared with 3% of men aged 45 to 49 years. Two major trials of PCa screening have employed repeated PSA testing,27 28 although the association with age would not be expected if the programmes in those trials were being followed by UK general practitioners, and certainly not a greater number of older men undergoing multiple tests.
ProtecT participants with LUTS had slightly higher PSA levels on average than those without LUTS. While 78% of men in UK GP undergoing a PSA test were found to have a level below 3 ng/mL, on average, PSA levels were higher than seen in the ProtecT study. In part, this will be due to the older age profile of men in UK GP compared with ProtecT participants, but it is also consistent with more tests in GP being undertaken to inform a diagnosis of LUTS, as LUTS are associated with elevated PSA levels (there is no reason to suppose a higher prevalence of non-symptomatic and undiagnosed PCa in CPRD or ProtecT GPs). A strong association was observed for all age groups between higher PSA levels at a first test and the probability of a man undergoing a second test within 1 year, indicating that the results of the PSA tests did inform clinical management.
The incidence of biopsy and PCa diagnosis in the CPRD cohort suggests that a PSA of 4 ng/mL or more was being used in UK GP as a trigger for further diagnostic investigations. The incidence of biopsy in the CPRD cohort is very low, and the fact that there are fewer biopsies than PCa diagnoses suggests that either many more men were refusing biopsy, perhaps due to the full screening process not being discussed at the time of PSA testing, or that biopsy is being under-recorded in GP data. However, even allowing for a degree of under-reporting, only a small minority of men with high PSA levels were recorded as having had a biopsy, which contrasts with 80% plus of ProtecT men with PSA of 3 ng/mL or higher undergoing the investigation. Furthermore, the risk of a PCa diagnosis in the CPRD cohort is much lower than in comparable men participating in the ProtecT study prospective PSA testing programme. These findings are again consistent with the majority of PSA tests in UK GP being undertaken to inform the diagnosis and management of LUTS in older men, with no intention of screening for PCa.
The major strength of this investigation is the use of CPRD data which has allowed a large retrospective cohort of men to be constructed and followed up for a period of up to 10 years. The use of CPRD data is also behind the key weakness of this study: the completeness of some data items is uncertain, with the recorded diagnoses outnumbering the recorded biopsies indicating that the latter are under-recorded, presumably even when cancer is diagnosed.
We did not attempt to distinguish those tests undertaken in men presenting with and without symptoms, and this could be considered a further limitation of our study. Screening aims to diagnose a disease before symptoms arise. However, PCa rarely results in LUTS and sexual symptoms until it is at an advanced stage. For the vast majority of men with urinary and sexual symptoms, the cause is benign, and in fact, men with an elevated PSA are less likely to be diagnosed with PCa if they also have LUTS or impaired sexual function.21 29 The pattern of PSA testing in the CPRD cohort suggests that many PSA tests are being undertaken to inform the diagnosis and management of LUTS and knowing which men had been PSA-tested because of a presentation with symptoms would have lent further support to this hypothesis.
In UK GP, 39.2% of men aged 45 to 69 years and initially free of PCa undergo at least one PSA test during a 10-year follow-up period (2002 to 2011). However, testing rates are higher in the older age groups, and high PSA levels are commonly not followed up by a biopsy, required for the diagnosis of PCa. Hence, it is likely that a high proportion of these tests are related to investigations or management of LUTS and other benign conditions and cannot be considered as part of an effective (informal) effort to screen for PCa.
We acknowledge the contribution of the CAP trial group. Investigators: RM (lead principal investigator (PI)), JD (PI), DN (PI), FH (PI), ET (trial coordinator), CM (statistician), Jonathan Sterne (statistician), Sian Noble (health economist) and AL. Research staff: Elizabeth Hill, Siaw Yien Ng, Naomi Williams, Liz Down (data manager), EW (data manager), GY (statistician), Joanna Thorn (health economist), Charlotte Davies, Laura Hughes, Mari-Anne Rowlands and Lindsey Bell. Management committee: ET (Chair), RM, JD, CM, Jonathan Sterne, Sian Noble, YB-S, AL, SO, Peter Brindle and SE. Trial steering committee: Michael Baum (Chair), Peter Albertsen, Tracy Roberts, Mary Robinson, Jan Adolfsson, David Dearnaley, AZ, Fritz Schröder, Tim Peters, Peter Holding, Teresa Lennon, Sue Bonnington, Malcolm Mason, Jon Oxley, RM, JD, DN, FH, ET and AL. Data monitoring committee: Lars Holmberg (Chair), Robert Pickard, Simon Thompson and Usha Menon. Cause of death committee: Peter Albertsen (Chair), Colette Reid, John McFarlane, Jon Oxley, Mary Robinson, Jan Adolfsson, Michael Baum, Anthony Zietman, Amit Bahl and Anthony Koupparis. Administrative staff: Marta Tazewell and Genevieve Hatton-Brown. We wish to extend our thanks to Pete Shiarly for the development of bespoke databases. We also wish to acknowledge the contribution of all members of the ProtecT study research groups. Thanks are extended to the Cancer Registries and staff at the Health and Social Care Information Centre. We acknowledge the contributions of the ProtecT and CAP study participants, investigators, researchers, data monitoring committees and trial steering committees.
Office for National Statistics [ONS]. Cancer Registration Statistics, England. 2015 https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/cancerregistrationstatisticsengland/2015 (accessed 7 July 2017).
National Institute of Health and Care Excellence [NICE]. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: Clinical Guidelines, 2015. https://cks.nice.org.uk/luts-in-men#!topicsummary. (accessed 14 Mar 2017).
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence [NICE]. Lower urinary tract symptoms in men: management, 2010. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg97/chapter/1-Recommendations. (accessed 14 Mar 2017).
. Is the CPRD GOLD Population Comparable to the UK Population? Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 2013;22:280–1.
The National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. Cancer by Deprivation in England 1996 - 2011. 2014 http://www.ncin.org.uk/about_ncin/cancer_by_deprivation_in_england (accessed 14 Mar 2017).
Contributors ELT, SEO, YB-S, JAL, DEN, FCH, JLD, RMM and CM contributed to the design of the study and formulated the research question. SH, ELT, EIW, RMM and CM contributed to the acquisition of the data. GJY, SH, ELT, EIW, SE, RMM and CM made substantial contributions to the analysis and interpretation of data for the work. GJY, SH and CM wrote the first draft. All authors commented on the drafts and revised it critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript and are accountable for the accuracy and integrity of the work.
Funding This work was supported by the Cancer Research UK and the UK Department of Health for the CAP trial (C11043/A4286, C18281/A8145, C18281/A11326 and C18281/A15064). CAP is sponsored by the University of Bristol and is registered at Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN92187251). The ProtecT trial is funded by the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Health Technology Assessment Programme (projects 96/20/06 and 96/20/99). The views and opinions expressed herein are our own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Health. The ProtecT trial is sponsored by the University of Oxford and is registered at Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN20141297) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02044172). We acknowledge the support from the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre through the Surgical Innovation and Evaluation Theme and the Surgical Interventional Trials Unit and Cancer Research UK through the Oxford Cancer Research Centre. SH is a Wellcome Trust-funded PhD student with grant code 102432/Z/13/Z. JD is supported, in part, by the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, hosted by the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust. FH is supported, in part, by the Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the Cancer Research UK Oxford Centre. RM is supported, in part, by the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Bristol Nutrition Biomedical Research Unit and CRUK (C18281/A19169). JD, FH and DN are NIHR senior investigators. The views and opinions expressed herein are the authors own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Health. The funders and sponsor had no role in the design and conduct of the study, the preparation of the report or the decision to publish. The corresponding author had full access to the data and takes responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
Ethics approval ProtecT study: East Midlands Multicentre Research Ethics Committee (01/4/025).
Data sharing statement The authors do not have permission to share data obtained from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Baseline data from ProtecT may be available on application (email info-protect@bris.ac.uk).


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With the introduction of Notice & Access in December of 2006, the SEC advanced its goal to reduce expenses incurred by corporations in the production and mailing of their Annual Meeting materials.
With the push in recent years towards electronic delivery of Proxy material, as well as house-holding processes, there has been a significant decrease in the number of printed pieces that are being mailed to shareholders.
Prior to July 1, 2007, electronic delivery recipients were required to "opt-in" for electronic delivery service. Under the Notice & Access rule, they will now be asked to "opt-in" to receive printed matter. This new rule carries a number of cost and scheduling implications.
DG3 would like to help companies understand these implications. From a timing perspective, your Distribution Agents will require that you have material on their floors anywhere from 43 -45 days removed from the Annual Meeting. This is due to the fact that the initial Notice mailing must be "completed" 40 days before the AGM.
This will require the Issuer to sign off on bluelines anywhere from 46 - 49 days before the Annual Meeting. It will also require an accelerated schedule in the filing of the Definitive 14A as well as posting the material to the website.
With all this change, we hope that we can be of service to you should you require our assistance in determining a Notice & Access strategy that is right for you. Please be sure to make contact with us at any time.


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Should people with diabetes eat a Glycaemic Index diet?
Whereas the Glycemic Index is a good way of making food choices, Glycemic load helps to work out how different sized portions of different foods compare with each other in terms of their blood glucose raising effect.
How is Glycemic load worked out?
Example: What is the Glycemic load of a slice of whole grain bread?
Note these figures are examples.
The GI and carbohydrate values may vary slightly between different types and slice sizes of whole grain bread.
What counts as a high and low Glycemic load?
How useful is Glycemic load?
Glycemic load can be useful for people with diabetes to assess which quantities of which foods are likely to be suitable for maintaining good blood glucose levels.
This can be illustrated by another example: Jim is going to have roast chicken for dinner and is thinking of having it either with white rice or couscous.
Jim has enough white rice to make a 130g (when cooked) portion of rice which will provide 40g of carbohydrate. White rice has a Glycemic index value of 85. He also has enough couscous to make a 200g serving of couscous which will also provide 45g of carbohydrate. Couscous has a Glycemic index value of 60.
So, Jim sees that even though the smaller portion of white rice has less carbohydrate, the portion of couscous actually has a lower Glycemic load. The Glycemic load calculation tells Jim that the portion of couscous, despite being larger and containing slightly more carbohydrate, is less likely to cause as sharp a rise in his blood sugar levels as the portion of white rice.
Glycemic load can involve a certain amount of calculation which may not be practical for everyone, however, those with time to get the calculations correct may find Glycemic load to be a helpful extra tool in choosing which foods and which portions are suitable for maintaining good blood glucose levels.
Assessing the Glycemic load of foods can be particularly useful if you have a specific meal quite often or if you are thinking of trying a new meal but are not sure how it may impact on your blood glucose levels.
Note that different people with diabetes will have different tolerances to the carbohydrate in food. Some people may be able to comfortable tolerate meals with a medium Glycemic load, whereas other people may find that they can only tolerate low Glycemic load values.
If you have access to blood glucose testing supplies, you may wish to test which Glycemic load values allow you to keep your sugar levels within the recommended guideline blood glucose values. A good way to assess the effect of a particular meal is to test your blood glucose before eating, 2 hours after eating and again 4 hours after eating.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


On October 2, 2018, in Industrial Supply, Machine Tools, Manufacturer, Valves & Pumps, by Jasmie K.
For decades, piston pumps have been used to meet a wide variety of transfer, extrusion, coating and dispensing requirements across many industrial and commercial applications. The versatility of piston pumps makes them a workhorse in everything from pressure washing, abrasive blasting, bonding, chemical dosing, potting, paint spraying, lubrication and pavement marking to sanitary dispensing, to name a few. With this versatility in mind, the fluid type and viscosity of the material being transferred—and the associated flow rate and output pressure for those materials—must be considered to ensure that the correct pump is selected for the application.
A piston pump is classified as a reciprocating positive displacement pump that uses a piston or plunger to draw and move fluid through a sealed cylinder.
The fluid inlet of the piston pump is often immersed directly into fluid, which is then drawn into the pump via negative pressure as the plunger reciprocates. The combination of check valve timing and plunger motion allows fluid to be dispensed on both the up and down stroke, delivering output pressures up to 15,000 per square inch (psi) and flow rates up to 60 gallons per minute (gpm).
Piston pumps are powered by a variety of motor types including pneumatic, hydraulic and electric.
Pneumatic motors are the most common choice due to their reliability, ease of maintenance, good power density, stall capability without motor damage and inherent safety in volatile atmospheres.
Hydraulically powered pumps offer even better power density than pneumatics as well as quieter operation. Hydraulic piston pumps tend to be the preference for mobile applications where the power take-off (PTO) of a vehicle can be used, or when working in cold conditions where motor icing could cause challenges. Piston pumps powered by an electric motor are energy efficient, but because of low power density, an electric pump cannot deliver the pressures that many industrial applications demand, limiting use to lower viscosity fluids and applications mostly involving transferring or spraying.
Multiple pump ends are available for piston pumps to successfully handle a range of fluid properties. These are called lower-ends and they are available in two-ball, four-ball and chop-check types. Two-ball and four-ball style piston pumps are designed for low to medium viscosity fluids typically found in transferring, washing and coating applications. For extrusion applications involving high-viscosity materials up to and beyond 1 million centipoises (CPS), both heavy-duty chop-check and two-ball pump packages can be used.
Demanding extrusion tasks often require additional accessories such as a pneumatic ram assembly and a follower plate to provide additional force to move the fluid into the pump, thermal blankets to reduce material viscosity or fluid regulators to ensure accurate dispense control.
Although there is a measure of capability crossover, each piston pump type has limits. It is advisable to consult the manufacturer or dealer when sizing or selecting a pump for a specific application.
When using a piston pump to transfer challenging media such as shear sensitive ultraviolet (UV) inks or adhesives with suspended solids, special tubes and plunger coatings and packing seal materials are used. These minimize shear and thermal energy, as well as provide resistance to any abrasion that can occur. A stainless steel pump combined with ceramic-coated cylinders and piston rods offer waterborne benefits and abrasion resistance for more endurance and reduced wear when working with harsh materials. All of these features combined help prevent premature pump failure.
Understanding the fluid and the ultimate goal of the application is essential to maintaining product integrity. Some fluids require shear control or thermal assistance to get them to a viscosity at which they can be transferred easily while minimizing the risk of irreversible fluid damage.
Shear-sensitive materials are diverse and cover everything from lotions and soaps to pastes, cornstarch, inks, some adhesives and certain paints.
Such materials require low internal velocities and gentle pumping action to limit damage and maintain their properties during transfer applications. In the microelectronics industry, many sealing compounds include the addition of fillers for enhanced performance.
This results in a mix of solid and viscous properties that can present challenges in effectively managing the application without damaging the pump or material.
With so many variables at play, application packages preconfigured with the right motor, piston pump, mount, controls and accessories offer operators the greatest flexibility. For end users, pre-assembled and validated application packages eliminate much of the guesswork that comes with choosing the right pump for the job.
Challenging adhesives such as multiple component or glass-filled sealers require stainless or carbon steel piston package options with coated tubes and plunger rods to tackle difficult extrusion and transferring applications. When it comes to new or unique applications, it is recommended to refer to the pump manufacturer's viscosity and chemical compatibility resources or consult with an expert to properly configure the package.
The way a piston pump is designed and engineered impacts its functionality and performance when in use.
All of these characteristics make piston pumps a widely used and multipurpose option for accurately moving fluid.
Because it has only a few moving parts, maintaining a piston pump is relatively simple. When cleanliness, cycle rate and other wear factors are monitored and controlled, a piston pump can last for many months or even years between maintenance cycles. For maximum pump and system component life, piston pumps must be protected from contamination.
Proper pump cleaning should align with frequency of use and the fluids being pumped. This is particularly important for corrosive chemicals, in which case it is advisable to flush your pump with a neutralizing solution followed by a clear water rinse after each use.
While features such as coated plunger rods and tubes and PTFE or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) packing options can extend pump life, packing seals are designed to wear and still require routine monitoring and replacement.
Flow rate, application requirements and fluid type all help predict the frequency of regular maintenance replacements however, indicators such as fluid in the solvent cup, pressure loss or uneven pump cycling also serve as service markers.
If you need more information of piston pumps, welcome to visit Propiston Hydraulics Co., Ltd. – it is a piston pump manufacturer established in 1979. At this company, you can find various types of piston pump including pressure compensator series, proportional electro-hydraulic series, pilot pressure control series, etc. To get more details, please do not hesitate to contact with Propiston Hydraulics right away!


text:
import * as Lint from "../lint";
import * as ts from "typescript";

const OPTION_VARIABLES_BEFORE_FUNCTIONS = "variables-before-functions";
const OPTION_STATIC_BEFORE_INSTANCE = "static-before-instance";
const OPTION_PUBLIC_BEFORE_PRIVATE = "public-before-private";

export class Rule extends Lint.Rules.AbstractRule {
    public apply(sourceFile: ts.SourceFile): Lint.RuleFailure[] {
        return this.applyWithWalker(new MemberOrderingWalker(sourceFile, this.getOptions()));
    }
}

interface IModifiers {
    isMethod: boolean;
    isPrivate: boolean;
    isInstance: boolean;
}

function getModifiers(isMethod: boolean, modifiers?: ts.ModifiersArray): IModifiers {
    return {
        isInstance: !Lint.hasModifier(modifiers, ts.SyntaxKind.StaticKeyword),
        isMethod: isMethod,
        isPrivate: Lint.hasModifier(modifiers, ts.SyntaxKind.PrivateKeyword)
    };
}

function toString(modifiers: IModifiers): string {
    return [
        modifiers.isPrivate ? "private" : "public",
        modifiers.isInstance ? "instance" : "static",
        "member",
        modifiers.isMethod ? "function" : "variable"
    ].join(" ");
}

export class MemberOrderingWalker extends Lint.RuleWalker {
    private previousMember: IModifiers;

    constructor(sourceFile: ts.SourceFile, options: Lint.IOptions) {
        super(sourceFile, options);
    }

    public visitClassDeclaration(node: ts.ClassDeclaration) {
        this.resetPreviousModifiers();
        super.visitClassDeclaration(node);
    }

    public visitInterfaceDeclaration(node: ts.InterfaceDeclaration) {
        this.resetPreviousModifiers();
        super.visitInterfaceDeclaration(node);
    }

    public visitMethodDeclaration(node: ts.MethodDeclaration) {
        this.checkModifiersAndSetPrevious(node, getModifiers(true, node.modifiers));
        super.visitMethodDeclaration(node);
    }

    public visitMethodSignature(node: ts.SignatureDeclaration) {
        this.checkModifiersAndSetPrevious(node, getModifiers(true, node.modifiers));
        super.visitMethodSignature(node);
    }

    public visitPropertyDeclaration(node: ts.PropertyDeclaration) {
        this.checkModifiersAndSetPrevious(node, getModifiers(false, node.modifiers));
        super.visitPropertyDeclaration(node);
    }

    public visitPropertySignature(node: ts.Node) {
        this.checkModifiersAndSetPrevious(node, getModifiers(false, node.modifiers));
        super.visitPropertySignature(node);
    }

    public visitTypeLiteral(node: ts.TypeLiteralNode) {
        // don't call super from here -- we want to skip the property declarations in type literals
    }

    private resetPreviousModifiers() {
        this.previousMember = {
            isInstance: false,
            isMethod: false,
            isPrivate: false
        };
    }

    private checkModifiersAndSetPrevious(node: ts.Node, currentMember: IModifiers) {
        if (!this.canAppearAfter(this.previousMember, currentMember)) {
            const failure = this.createFailure(
                node.getStart(),
                node.getWidth(),
                `Declaration of ${toString(currentMember)} not allowed to appear after declaration of ${toString(this.previousMember)}`
            );
            this.addFailure(failure);
        }
        this.previousMember = currentMember;
    }

    private canAppearAfter(previousMember: IModifiers, currentMember: IModifiers) {
        if (previousMember == null || currentMember == null) {
            return true;
        }

        if (this.hasOption(OPTION_VARIABLES_BEFORE_FUNCTIONS) && previousMember.isMethod !== currentMember.isMethod) {
            return Number(previousMember.isMethod) < Number(currentMember.isMethod);
        }

        if (this.hasOption(OPTION_STATIC_BEFORE_INSTANCE) && previousMember.isInstance !== currentMember.isInstance) {
            return Number(previousMember.isInstance) < Number(currentMember.isInstance);
        }

        if (this.hasOption(OPTION_PUBLIC_BEFORE_PRIVATE) && previousMember.isPrivate !== currentMember.isPrivate) {
            return Number(previousMember.isPrivate) < Number(currentMember.isPrivate);
        }

        return true;
    }
}


text:
Division 2: Warlords of New York
Genre: looter shooter
Platforms: PC, PS4, XONE
Approximate price: about $30 (PS4, XONE)
The Division 2: Warlords of New York in a nutshell
This is a big expansion for Tom Clancy's The Division 2, a looter-shooter from Ubisoft, in which players, either solo or in team, roam the streets Washington D.C. after a terrible pandemic, where terrorist factions are trying to take advantage of the chaos and make any profit they can. The add-on takes us back to New York City (like in the original game). It requires the core version of The Division 2.
What's the storyline of Warlords of New York?
In the expansion, we will face Aaron Keener – a rogue Division agent who decided to obtain a more dangerous strain of the virus that ravaged the United States. Our task is to prevent him from gaining full control of the city – to do this, we will first have to defeat his four colonels.
The main attraction of Warlords of New York will be the new location, the New York city, quite a lot different than it was in the first game. The level cap will also be increased (up to 40), and more transparent equipment parameters will make character creation more convenient. In addition, we will certainly get a significant set of new missions and loot.
I played in The Division 2: Warlords of New York – an Expensive Return to New York
Read more about Tom Clancy's The Division 2: Warlords of New York
The development of The Division never seems to be following our expectations. When everyone was waiting for the expansion of the map of New York, all we got were new game modes. Now, when many are waiting for the return of the Survival mode, the game gets new locations in Manhattan. I really hope that the expansion will be more than just a set of regular, complete-and-forget killrooms. But so far, chances for getting a more substantial DLC are quite good. However, out of curiosity and a slight nostalgia for the snowy New York, I will gladly return "to the old garbage" to check out the conclusion of the story of The Division.
Dar "DM" Matusiak


Lord of the Rings - Trilogy (Toy Biz)Gil Galad was an elvish king of whom the elves do sadly sing, long story short Sauron set him on fire with his grip and it was only story boarded so the actor didn't get to do much. This is a really decent figure with nice details, paint apps, accessories including his silver lance and shield and has an action feature of attacking when a button is pressed. I don't have many complaints about this figure though I suppose some of the articulation could be better in some places and the paint apps on the shield seem a bit cartoonish or off but they also add a distinction to the regular shields the elves use.


text:
Lipták Pál (Békéscsaba, 1874. április 13. – Balatonfüred, 1926. május 15.) magyar tanár, mérnök, vállalkozó, államtitkár.

Élete és munkássága
Szülővárosában végezte el az általános és középiskolai tanulmányait. 1889–1892 között részt vett a Vaskapu szabályozásában, ahol 16 évesen több száz munkást irányított. 1907-ben műszaki doktorátust szerzett, Magyarországon második építészként. 1908-ban Budapesten egy kis műhelyt hozott létre, amelyből később megalakult a dr. Lipták és Társa Építési- és Vasipari Rt., amelynek 1916-ig vezetője volt. Az 1910-es évek elején a legnagyobb építőipari cégek egyikének számított. 1916-ban kivált a cégből és vállalkozó lett. Az első világháború után a cég megszűnt. 1920–1922 között tagja volt a nemzetgyűlésnek. 1922-ben a Kereskedelemügyi Minisztériumban államtitkárként dolgozott.

Ismert épületei

Tervezések
 1908: Szent Angelina-mozaikos ház, Budapest, Váci utca 63.
 1908–1909: MÁVAG-kolónia, Budapest, Vajda Péter utca 4-6.
 1924–1925: Lipták-villa, Budapest, Hermina út 3.

Kivitelezések
 1909–1913: a Schmahl Henrik által tervezett Párizsi udvar (Budapest, Ferenciek tere 10.)
 1910–1911: a Jónás Zsigmond és Jónás Dávid által tervezett Goldberger-ház (Budapest, Arany János utca 32.)

Képtár

Művei
 Adalék a vasbeton szerkezetek elméletéhez (1906)

Emlékezete
Budapest XVIII. kerületében ma az egyik telep viseli nevét.
2011-ben egykori lakhelye, amely Zeg-Zug Zuglói Gyermekház néven működött felvette a Lipták Villa nevet. Emléket állítva a  ház építtetőjének és első tulajdonosának.

Jegyzetek

Források

 https://web.archive.org/web/20120417024206/http://web.bmk.hu:8080/jadox/images/csabai_%20eletrajzok.pdf
 Tomory Lajos Pedagógiai és Helytörténeti Gyűjtemény

Magyar építészmérnökök
Magyarország államtitkárai
1874-ben született személyek
1926-ban elhunyt személyek
Békéscsabaiak
Magyar kereskedők, bankárok, iparosok
Országgyűlési képviselők (1920–1922)
Zuglóiak

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
O Grande Prêmio da MotoGP de Indianápolis de 2015 ocorreu em 09 de agosto.

Resultados

Classificação MotoGP

Classificação Moto2

Classificação Moto3

Grande Prêmio de Indianápolis de Motovelocidade
GPs de MotoGP de 2015
Desporto nos Estados Unidos em 2015