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Alibaba and Tencent Consider Opening Up Their 'Walled Gardens'
On Jul 14, 2021 36
Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. and Tencent Holdings Ltd. are considering moves to gradually open up their services to one another, as Beijing's tech crackdown makes it harder for China's two online giants to maintain the virtual barriers they have built in recent years.
That would mark a big shift for China's consumer internet, which has largely split into two camps built around the arch rivals. The restrictions mean, for example, that customers can't use Tencent's payment system to buy goods on an Alibaba platform.
Now, both companies are separately working on plans to loosen those curbs, according to people familiar with the matter. The system could make life more convenient for consumers—and help spur greater competition—but will also mean the duo will have more insight into each other's businesses.
Initial steps from Alibaba could include introducing Tencent's WeChat Pay to Alibaba's e-commerce marketplaces, Taobao and Tmall, some of the people said.
Tencent could make it easier to share Alibaba e-commerce listings on its WeChat messaging app, or allow selected Alibaba services to access WeChat users via so-called mini-programs, some of the people said. Mini-programs are light apps embedded in the main WeChat app.
The moves come as Beijing seeks to tame China's tech giants. In April, the country's State Administration for Market Regulation fined Alibaba a record 18.2 billion yuan, the equivalent of $2.8 billion, for forcing vendors to sell exclusively on its platform, in a practice known as "er xuan yi," or "choose one out of two."
Alibaba was also ordered to carry out a comprehensive revamp and submit "self-examination compliance reports" in the next three years.
Angela Zhang, an associate professor of law at the University of Hong Kong and author of "Chinese Antitrust Exceptionalism," said the split in China's internet was a fundamental competitive problem.
"This is the core of the antitrust issue here. Without addressing those problems, it will not fundamentally change the competitive landscape in China's tech industry," Ms. Zhang said. "Startups have no choice but to join either the Alibaba or Tencent camp, because the two control the so-called superapps that serve as gateways to vast amounts of users," she said.
On the one side stands Alibaba, its financial affiliate Ant Group Co., and Alibaba-owned firms like Ele.me, a food-delivery platform. The other camp includes Tencent and its many investee companies like e-commerce groups JD.com Inc., Meituan and Pinduoduo Inc.
Alibaba has largely been barred from WeChat's ecosystem, which includes millions of mini-programs that allow merchants and retailers to directly sell and market their products and services to WeChat's billion-plus users. The few exceptions include Hema, an Alibaba service that allows people to band together to buy groceries at cheaper prices, and 1688, an Alibaba business-to-business platform. It isn't clear why Hema and 1688 have been granted access, but neither has anywhere near the scale of Taobao or Tmall.
Alibaba has been seeking to launch two other WeChat mini-programs: Taobao Deals, a bargain shopping platform tailored to compete against Pinduoduo, and Idle Fish, a used goods marketplace.
"If this trend continues, it sets us up for a brave new world of forced cracks in walled gardens," said Michael Norris, research and strategy manager at Shanghai-based consulting firm AgencyChina. Mr. Norris said he assumed the State Administration for Market Regulation, which levied the fine against Alibaba, would soon turn its attention to "inter-platform restrictions.''
Author: Jing Yang, Keith Zhai, WSJ
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A Detailed History of Athlete Empowerment
The team here at Pledge It is guided by the company's founding principle: Empowering athletes to achieve social good. That can come in many forms and functions— from advocating for social justice and equality, to fighting global hunger, to funding medical treatment or equipment, to protesting a war. For as long as athletes have grabbed headlines, they have used their platforms to impact the issues that are most important to them. In turn, the stands taken by these men and women have enabled them to transcend sports, and cross from the record books to the history books. When you see many of the photos below, you will often think not of athletic achievements, but of achievements in social good.
1936: Jesse Owens Takes Gold at Hitler's Olympic Games
American athletes were faced with hard options as how to best protest the Berlin Olympic Games, which took place during Hitler's rise to power and an increased belief in Aryan supremacy. Some athletes, such as Harvard track star Milton Green, chose to stay at home and sit out the Olympics.
Owens, on the other hand, chose to dominate the games and infuriate Hitler. His four gold medals put him on the pedestal that made him a legend, his name still resonating nearly 85 years later. Mack Robinson also chose to compete, coming in second in the 200M dash. His little brother? Jackie Robinson.
1947: Jackie Robinson Breaks Major League Baseball's Color Barrier
In 1947, Jackie Robinson became Major League Baseball's first black player in approximately 60 years. Robinson's debut for the Brooklyn Dodgers ended what was known as baseball's "color line." Robinson went onto a 10-year Hall of Fame career, standing above the many racial slurs and threats he received from fans and opponents alike while on the diamond. The iconic second baseman used his platform to become an important voice in the Civil Rights movements when his playing career was over. He, along with Martin Luther King, Jr., led the Youth March for Integrated schools. The demonstration to end segregation in public schools saw over 10,000 attendees march on the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC.
1950: Althea Gibson Plays in U.S. Open
By 1950, not a single person of color had competed in tennis' U.S. Nationals, now known as the U.S. Open. That changed when four-time national champion Alice Marble advocated for Althea Gibson's inclusion via a letter written to American Lawn Tennis magazine.
The letter made waves in the tennis world, and Gibson was invited to the Open. There she faced the reigning Wimbledon Champion, Louise Brough. Gibson pushed Brough to a 9-7 third set before falling after a lengthy rain delay that may have benefitted Brough.
Gibson had another opponent that day, as she endured a sea of racial epitaphs raining down on her, and still pushed the champion to the brink. In spite of the loss, she proved she belonged on the U.S. Nationals circuit. Six years later, she became the first black tennis player to win the Grand Slam title by completing the championship set at the French Open.
1961: Bill Russell— No Service, No Basketball
Prior to the 1961-62 season Boston Celtics' legend Bill Russell and some of his teammates were refused service in a Lexington, KY restaurant. They refused to play in the following preseason game and flew back home to Boston. In an era when athletes were supposed to toe the company line, this created public controversy and grabbed headlines. It was the first time Russell stepped on the platform of social justice that he has since dominated for the rest of his life.
1967: Muhammad Ali Refuses to Enter Military
Muhammad Ali famously faced jailtime for his refusal to serve in the Vietnam War, citing his right as a conscientious objector. He was convicted of violating Selective Service laws and stripped of his boxing licenses shortly thereafter. During the four years he fought in the courtrooms instead of the boxing ring, up to the point of an overturned conviction by the supreme court in 1971, he became a popular speaker at colleges and universities across the country. Ali became the voice of a generation, and rallied superstar athletes like Russell and Lew Alcindor (later Kareem Abdul-Jabbar) to his cause. Russell and Jabbar's voices still carry immense influence today.
1967: Kathrine Switzer Barrels through Boston Marathon
The 1967 Boston Marathon featured a competitor by the name of K.V. Switzer. This runner would change the course of history, as the name was soon proven to belong to a woman— the first woman to enter the Boston Marathon.
A race official tried to pull her off course, but she would not be deterred and finished in four hours and 20 minutes in spite of the delay. Five years later, Boston Marathon rules were changed to allow female participants to compete. Switzer would go on to win the New York Marathon in 1974 and found the women's running club 261 Fearless.
1968: The Olympic Platform, Take 2:
Thirty-two years after Owens and Robinson stole the Olympic stage to draw attention to racial inequalities, Tommie Smith and John Carlos carried their legacy forward. The two American 200M medal winners raised their fists in silent protest of racial discrimination as they took the podium to accept their respective gold and bronze medals.
1969: Curt Flood Challenges Major League Baseball's Reserve Clause
Challenging the archaic nature of the reserve clause, St. Louis Cardinals' outfielder Curt Flood was the first professional athlete to take a step toward free agency. The reserve clause was part of a player's contract that stipulated when the contract expired, his rights were retained by the team. He could be traded, reassigned, or otherwise moved at the team's discretion, but was not free to field offers from across the league.
Flood challenged this notion. He lost his fight with Major League Baseball and was essentially blackballed from the league, effectively ending his career. His fight set the stage for Jim "Catfish" Hunter to become baseball's first free agent five years later. Hunter signed the first multi-million dollar contract in professional sports history, resetting the marketplace for athletes worldwide.
1973: Billie Jean King Wins Battle of the Sexes
Billie Jean King already had an established record of using her platform as a top-ranked tennis player to champion for women's rights. Specifically, she advocated for equal pay, as in 1972 she received $15,000 less in prize money than her male counterpart for winning the U.S. Open.
In 1973, she played in an exhibition match dubbed "The Battle of the Sexes." The match pitted her against retired men's champion Bobby Riggs, whom she defeated in straight sets. That same year, King founded the Women's Tennis Association, the principal organizing body of women's tennis.
1982: Tom Wadell Founds Gay Olympics
In 1968, Decathlete Tom Wadell came in 6th in the Mexico City Games. In the ensuing years he used his platform as an Olympic Athlete to become a gay rights activist, culminating in the first Gay Olympics in San Francisco in 1982. The event had to soon turn its name to the Gay Games, but the legacy carries on, running every four years through present day.
1992: Arthur Ashe Rallies for Haitians
Arthur Ashe— one of the greatest tennis players of all time— stood up for Haitians during the AIDs epidemic in 1992. Haitians were being denied entry to America at the border due to fear of the disease. Ashe, who suffered from AIDs and would die 5 months later, led a demonstration at the White House. Ashe garnered national attention, in part for wearing a shirt that read, "Haitians locked out because they're black."
1995: Francois Pienaar and Nelson Mandela Use Rugby to Heal a Nation
South Africa and its history of apartheid was bleak. Nelson Mandela, now considered a hero to many, was often referred to as a terrorist during his rise to popularity and eventually, the presidency. The six weeks that South Africa hosted the 1995 World Cup changed everything.
Rugby was typically seen as a white Afrikaner sport and black South Africans would often root against its national team. When Mandela embraced the Springboks, and captain Francois Pienaar returned the favor, that changed the perception. South Africa went on to win that world cup, and the power of apartheid was greatly crippled.
The photo of Mandela and Pienaar shaking hands is seen as the moment the nation changed, and is a testament to the power of sports to promote social good.
1996: A Precedent Set
During the 1996 NBA season, standout guard Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf refused to stand during the National Anthem. It took some time for people to notice, but when a reporter asked about it, the issue exploded. Abdul-Rauf was suspended for a game, and later blackballed from the league. He continued his professional career overseas, but his days in the NBA were never the same.
Similar to Colin Kaepernick 20 years later, Abdul-Rauf found the American flag to represent a system of oppression. He wanted to silently protest, but his stance remained anything but silent and was viewed by some as a slight on America as a whole.
2004: Another War, Another Protest
In protest of the Iraq War, Toronto Blue Jays' all-star first baseman Carlos Delgado followed in the footsteps of Vietnam War era athlete-protesters. During the war it became custom to play God Bless America during the 7th inning in a show of support for the war. Delgado took a seat in the dugout, rather than stand on the field with his teammates, stating simply, "I don't stand because I don't believe in the war."
2009: The rise of social media
Twitter, and later Instagram and SnapChat, gave athletes a brand new medium to express themselves and build their brand. No longer did they need their words published by a reporter. In recent years, social media has even expanded as essentially the new press conference. Athletes, such as former pro bowl defensive tackle Haoti Ngata above, post about their retirement or new team to hundreds of thousands, which can quickly spread into the millions as it is picked up by news outlets. The point of a traditional press conference is often rendered moot.
With the popularity of social media, athletes can connect with fans, tell their stories and build their brands in ways that past generations just couldn't do. Many are taking advantage of that fact.
2014: Derek Jeter Founds the Players' Tribune
New York Yankees' legend Derek Jeter did not rest in retirement for long. Just days after playing his final game, he launched the Players' Tribune. Rather than speaking through media, where often words can be twisted, The Players' Tribune gives athletes a platform to speak on the issues that matter most to them. Social media gave players a voice. The Players' Tribune gave them an outlet.
Recently, Utah Jazz players Kyle Korver, Thabo Sefolosha, Ekpe Udoh and Georges Niang were featured on the website talking about racism in the NBA. This was in response to the fact that visiting guard Russell Westbrook endured racially-charged verbal assaults from a fan during a game at the Jazz stadium just days earlier.
The Jazz in particular have been leaders in activism and social good. They have blazed new trails with jersey logos to support cancer research, and have run multiple campaigns to raise money for the cancer research foundation 5 for the Fight.
2016: Colin Kaepernick Kneels for National Anthem
In the third preseason game of the 2016 NFL season Colin Kaepernick drew national attention by taking a knee during the National Anthem. Kaepernick's decision to silently protest against racial injustice and systematic oppression in America may have cost him his NFL career. In its place he has earned a number of awards for citizenship and courage, and became the face of a Nike campaign. Two full seasons after throwing his last NFL pass, Kaepernick remains one of the most famous and polarizing figures in American sports.
2017: Chris Long Donates Game Checks in Response to Charlottesville Hate-Fueled Rally
Chris Long was horrified by the show of hate and bigotry that flooded his hometown of Charlottesville when the Klu Klux Klan and other assorted "white nationalists" marched through the streets. He believed the best way to combat hate and ignorance was through the education of youths.
So Long donated the first six game checks of his 2017 NFL season to fund two scholarships to the prestigious St. Anne's-Belfied School, his alma mater. Long was so inspired by this effort, he then continued with his Pledge 10 campaign. The Super Bowl Champion defensive end wanted to leverage his pledge of an entire season's salary toward educational equity for maximum impact. His Pledge 10 campaign allowed him to engage fans, supporters and corporate sponsors from all over the country.
With Pledge 10, he donated the rest of his season's game checks and gained pledges from fans to benefit the communities of the cities he had played in throughout his NFL career.
Pledge It is proud of all athletes who use their platform to champion the causes that are most important to them. Time will tell who stands up next, but if history has taught us anything, the next inspirational story is right around the corner.
by Alexander Diegel
Discover the power within to earn funds for the causes that matter most to you.


A third (33%) of parents now see it as their 'parental duty' to contribute to their child's first property purchase, with 45% gifting over £10,000 to their child and one in five (17%) over £50,000, according to new research from QualitySolicitors.
In the process, they are making major sacrifices, with one in ten (10%) remortgaging and a further one in ten (10%) selling their home and downsizing. However, the vast majority have no protection in place for their gift, with 80% saying they simply handed the money over with no legal advice and 'hoped for the best'.
That means should their child's circumstances change, for example splitting from their partner or falling into negative equity, the money could be lost. It also leaves children exposed to potential sibling disputes should a parent die.
QualitySolicitors, the leading network of UK solicitors, today launches a series of top tips to give legal and life advice to parents to help better protect themselves, their children and their money. The mini guides also include advice for buyers that are entering into property arrangements with other people e.g. collectively buying with friends.
As well as drawing on the bank of Mum and Dad, first time buyers are looking at other ways into the property market with nearly one in five (18%) saying they have bought or will buy with a close friend. 4% buy in order to become a 'live-in landlord', bringing in a tenant to help with mortgage repayments. And 7% of parents say they're helping their child buy a property so that they can live there with them in a "multi-generations home".
Surprisingly though, 45% of buyers say they've not even had an 'informal discussion' with the other people that have contributed to their purchase about what would happen should their circumstances change, such as being made redundant, relationships breaking down or needing to sell the property.
One in ten (11%) parents see their contribution towards the property purchase as an investment, however without the proper legal paperwork in place, there is nothing to protect their contribution should their child view it as a gift. Just one in ten (11%) said they had something in writing outlining exactly what had been agreed with their child.
Over half (52%) of parents said they did not feel fully aware of the legal implications and obligations of giving financial support to their child. First time buyers are as much in the dark as their parents – nearly half (47%) said they did not understand fully the legal implications of getting financial support from a third party.
Three quarters (74%) of first time buyers who have accepted financial support admit having concerns about accepting it. 31% feel worried that they'll never be able to repay the loan. 27% feel guilty about owing someone else money and 21% feel 'caught in a trap with no way out'. One in five (19%) even admit to feeling 'resentful' that they're 'financially obligated' to others.
Martyn Morgan, Conveyancing Expert at QualitySolicitors, said: "It is natural for parents to want to do as much as they can to help their children get a foot on the ladder. However, the research shows that often their goodwill is misplaced and can actually lead to more problems further down the line if something goes wrong.


text:
On top of another mountain five kilometers away from where Bai Yunfei was currently battling, three figures stood on top of the mountain peak to observe the occasional spark of bright light. Even from such a large distance as this one, they were able to watch the battle without too much difficulty.
The young man in the middle wore black robes with golden edges. His face wasn't hidden, and it could be seen that this was the very same person Bai Yunfei fought to a standstill back in Crushed Stone River…Mo Ni!
Yet again, this man was behind another plot onto Bai Yunfei!
To his left was an elder in dark-purple robes and a coiling stream of black energy around him. His hair and beard were white, and his body was slightly skinny. Despite his wrinkled face, the elder's eyes were uncharacteristically sharp and his expression quite youthful.
He and the other two had been observing the battle between the Soul Kings and Bai Yunfei impassively for a good while. But the longer the battle continued, the more varied their expressions became. Soon, the elder in purple had a thunderstruck expression on his face.
It didn't take much for Mo Ni to notice the look. "Elder Li, what's going in the battle now?"
He was an Early-stage Soul King and didn't have much of an ability to see the battle. All he could do was look at the outbursts of elemental energy and feel the faint fluctuations in the air. The changes in the expression of the elder were the only indication of how the battle was going, but the fact that the battle could even bring forth a change on the Late-stage Soul King's face was astonishing enough.
The elder—also known as Li Fenghai—didn't look away from the battle. "Fang Shouwen and Li Fu are both dead. The dozen other Soul Exalts are dead as well. Gui Wei and Huang Shan are the only ones left, but…perhaps not for long."
"What?!"
His words were spoken with a monotonous tone, but Mo Ni's next words were spoken with shock. "Did the Tang already send out all their strongest?! How is that possible! How were they able to reach this place so quickly?!"
"That isn't it. The Tang haven't had anyone else come. The person fighting now is our primary target, Bai Yunfei."
"Bai Yunfei is here?!" Mo Ni's eyes lit up with excitement for a brief moment before they clouded over with suspicion. "He came here quicker than I expected. Did he have the elders of the Crafting School help him get here?"
"Again, that's not it. He's here alone." Li Fenghai shook his head.
Confusion flashed across Mo Ni's face. "He's by himself? Then…how did Fang Shouwen and the others die? Who's the one fighting Huang Shan and Gui Wei then?"
"Bai Yunfei. He killed both Fang Shouwen and Li Fu instantaneously and is currently fighting the other two. Li Hanfeng is on the verge of death, and Huang Shan won't be able to hang on for much longer. Their soulbeasts are also being fought back by Bai Yunfei's soulbeasts. And then Gui Wei…I can see him trying to run, but the two men from the Tang earlier have stopped him. Things do not look well for Gui Wei…"
"Wha—what?!"
Mo Ni's bottom lip trembled as he tried to process the information being told to him. "You're…you're saying that Bai Yunfei was able to defeat Gui Wei and the others?! That's impossible!! Even if he used that special skill last time to power himself up, he should've been able to fight at the level of an Early-stage Soul King only, how could he poss—"
"The strength he's showing now shows him to be a Mid-stage Soul King." Li Fenghai interrupted, "The King's Phenomena earlier was from him becoming a Soul King. He managed to reach the limits of what an Early-stage Soul King could do before using that skill you mentioned before to become a Mid-stage Soul King."
"What? That was his doing? He became a Soul King? And getting that far after breaking through before powering up again?! That's…that's…"
Mo Ni was feeling a bit flustered. The information he was hearing seemed almost impossible to digest, and he couldn't help but think it was all 'impossible'.
But Li Fenghai wouldn't lie to him for no reason whatsoever. That meant this was true, and that made it even harder for Mo Ni to wrap his head around.
Several seconds passed before Mo Ni came to an answer to how this situation came to be. "Could it be the Extreme King Pills?! We…we noticed a bit of the Extreme King Pill fragrance earlier, didn't we? That had have been from the Core Stone! When he got the Core Stone, he must've managed to get his hands onto some of the Extreme King Pill fragrance! And that's why he's as strong as he is now! That has to be it!
"Damn! Damn him!!" Mo Ni snarled vehemently. Everything was going wrong. Mo Ni felt as if those items had been stolen from him. "The Core Stone, the Extreme King Pill fragrance…those were supposed to been mine!! All mine! That Bai Yunfei…damn him! Damn him to death!!"
His head snapped up to glare at Li Fenghai. "Elder Li, you're the only one capable of turning this situation around! Bai Yunfei must die today! We must take the Core Stone! That man can't…he can't be allowed to live!"
"I find it hard to believe it all as well. But indeed, this root that is Bai Yunfei needs to be snipped before it can grow any longer…" Li Fenghai nodded his head pensively, "And to lose so many men, even if they were wandering soul cultivators, is a strong blow to our strength. They weren't easy to convince over to our side, and to lose them without seeing any returns? I would never be able to meet the headmaster eye-to-eye after this. Taking the Core Stone and all of Bai Yunfei's soul armaments would be a tremendous boon…"
The last sentence was all it took for the elder to change his mind. Looking back in the direction of Bai Yunfei, the elder had a gleam of killing intent in them now.
"Wait for my return here."
He was already gone before the final syllable was spoken. Reappearing several kilometers away, the man continued to teleport over and over again before ultimately disappearing from Mo Ni's sight…
"Roar!!"
A terrified roar erupted from the glacial ape as the permafrost mastiff tore out a chunk of its chest with a mighty paw stroke. Blood and flesh flew everywhere from the ape's body to reveal the internal organs behind it. Moments after, the open wound froze over as a makeshift bandage, but while the glacial ape was too busy dealing with its wound, five pitch-black blades of energy came descending down onto it!
The glacial ape realized its folly almost immediately afterward. Eyes widening and pupils dilating, the ape let loose another terrifying roar and tried its best to make it out from the attack's range despite the heavy wound it had only just received.
Alas, it was too late for the ape. Despite doing a very good job in dodging the first four strikes, the ape was powerless to do anything but watch as the fifth strike went through its shoulder…
The Spatial Edge tore through the ape's body from its left shoulder to its right waist in one swift motion. An explosion of elemental ice froze both halves over their wounds so that no blood leaked out before the halves ultimately fell back down to the ground.
"Chirp!!"
Xiao Qi gave one victorious chirp before flapping his wings to fly with the permafrost mastiff towards Long Lan.
"Boom! Boom! Boom!!"
One after another, the earth was ransacked by a series of explosions as two dots red and orange struck against one another again and again.
Two people were within these lights. The one in red was Bai Yunfei, and the one in orange was the golden-robed elder known as Huang Shan.
Huang Shan had been stuck in the mountain after the Cataclysmic Seal fell on top of him. By the time he managed to unearth himself and make it back out, he was treated with the sight of Bai Yunfei throwing the white-robed elder up into the air for Xiao Qi to bisect the elder in half with a single wind blade.
Though Huang Shan had no idea why Bai Yunfei would throw someone up into the air for his soulbeast to kill, the elder was still thoroughly shocked by the death of yet another companion. He knew what would happen if he were to stay here. Without any hesitation, Huang Shan flew up and prepared himself to flee.
But Bai Yunfei was quick to block him off before he could make a solid attempt. In no time, the two were fighting a feverish battle against one another. Huang Shan was practically a madman with how he was attacking. He was putting his all into every single blow he made in hopes that Bai Yunfei would be forced to fall back and thus give him some time to flee.
Bai Yunfei didn't seem to be in a rush to kill the elder though. He gave only a cold glare at the man whenever the two exchanged blows. From his eyes, it seemed almost as if Bai Yunfei was waiting for something…
Then a presence to Bai Yunfei's right alerted him to their presence! When he whirled around, Bai Yunfei's eyes finally revealed a hint of shock and fear for the first time since the battle begun!


text:
Home Books Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e
Chapter 32: Lichen Planus
Aaron R. Mangold; Mark R. Pittelkow
Mangold AR, Pittelkow MR. Mangold A.R., & Pittelkow M.R. Mangold, Aaron R., and Mark R. Pittelkow.Lichen Planus. In: Kang S, Amagai M, Bruckner AL, Enk AH, Margolis DJ, McMichael AJ, Orringer JS. Kang S, & Amagai M, & Bruckner A.L., & Enk A.H., & Margolis D.J., & McMichael A.J., & Orringer J.S.(Eds.),Eds. Sewon Kang, et al.eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e. McGraw-Hill; Accessed January 26, 2021. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2570&sectionid=210422573
Mangold AR, Pittelkow MR. Mangold A.R., & Pittelkow M.R. Mangold, Aaron R., and Mark R. Pittelkow. (2019). Lichen planus. Kang S, Amagai M, Bruckner AL, Enk AH, Margolis DJ, McMichael AJ, Orringer JS. Kang S, & Amagai M, & Bruckner A.L., & Enk A.H., & Margolis D.J., & McMichael A.J., & Orringer J.S.(Eds.),Eds. Sewon Kang, et al. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e. McGraw-Hill. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2570&sectionid=210422573
Mangold AR, Pittelkow MR. Mangold A.R., & Pittelkow M.R. Mangold, Aaron R., and Mark R. Pittelkow. "Lichen Planus." Fitzpatrick's Dermatology, 9e Kang S, Amagai M, Bruckner AL, Enk AH, Margolis DJ, McMichael AJ, Orringer JS. Kang S, & Amagai M, & Bruckner A.L., & Enk A.H., & Margolis D.J., & McMichael A.J., & Orringer J.S.(Eds.),Eds. Sewon Kang, et al. McGraw-Hill, 2019, https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2570&sectionid=210422573.
ANTIGEN RECOGNITION
CUTANEOUS FINDINGS
CLINICAL VARIANTS
RELATED FINDINGS
MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION
SUPPORTIVE STUDIES
CLINICAL COURSE AND PROGNOSIS
CUTANEOUS LICHEN PLANUS
ORAL LICHEN PLANUS
LICHEN PLANOPILARIS AND FRONTAL FIBROSING ALOPECIA
NAIL LICHEN PLANUS
Lichen planus is an idiopathic T cell–mediated process without a clear autoantigen.
The worldwide prevalence of lichen planus is approximately 1%.
The lesions are well-marginated, flat-topped, red-violet polygonal papules.
The distribution is symmetrical and grouped lesions affect the flexural aspects of the arms and legs.
Variants are based on configuration, morphology of lesion, and site of involvement.
Histology shows basal keratinocyte damage with a lymphocyte-rich interface reaction.
Lichen planus (Greek leichen, "tree moss"; Latin planus, "flat") is a common inflammatory condition that can affect any ectodermal-derived tissue. Both Hebra and Erasmus Wilson described a similar inflammatory papulosquamous eruption, lichen ruber and lichen planus, respectively, which likely represented the same entity.1 Weyl and Wickham elaborated upon the morphology of lichen planus, and Gougerot and Burnier described disease involvement of mucosal sites.2-4 Although no single feature of lichen planus is a sine qua non, classic lichen planus is typified clinically by "the four Ps"—(1) purple, (2) polygonal, (3) pruritic, and (4) papules—and histologically by a brisk lymphocytic interface reaction.
The pathogenesis of lichen planus is unknown. Many contributing factors are implicated and include infectious, immune, metabolic, and genetic causes. It is evident that specific immunologic mechanisms control the development of lichen planus. T cell–mediated pathologic alterations involving proinflammatory and counterregulatory mechanisms function in the pathogenesis of lichen planus. No consistent alterations in immunoglobulins have been shown in lichen planus, and humoral immunity most likely is a secondary response in immunopathogenesis. Cell-mediated immunity, on the other hand, plays a major role in lichen planus. One consistent feature of lichen planus is CD4-positive T-helper (CD4-Th) cells in the dermis despite disease chronicity and CD8-positive T-cytotoxic (CD8-Tc) cells in close proximity to damaged basal keratinocytes.5 Based on these observations and insights from other lichenoid tissue reactions (LTRs), such as graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), modern theories encompass three major stages: antigen recognition, lymphocyte activation, and keratinocyte apoptosis. A fourth stage, resolution, is a new and emerging facet of the disease to further understand the pathogenesis of lichen planus.
The CD8-Tc cell is the effector cell of lichen planus; however, the initial antigen recognition and CD8-Tc stimulation may be driven by the initial interaction between the CD4-Th cell with the Langerhans cell (LC). The targeted antigen(s) and trigger(s) for lichen planus remains unknown. However, in other similar diseases, such as lichenoid GVHD, the target antigens are alloantigens. In oral disease, a lichen planus–specific antigen associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes has been reported.6 It is unknown if this antigen is unique to oral lichen planus and if this antigen is an autoreactive peptide or an exogenous antigen. Circulating antibodies have also been identified in multiple studies without a clear target antigen.7,8 A small but significant population of CD ...


Northbrook, IL — Bell Flavors & Fragrances Inc. has expanded its line of dairy flavors with additions ranging from cheese and butter to milk and sour cream, the company reports.
With the growth of artisanal cheeses and consumer interest in global market products, the variety of cheeses available has erupted, the company reports. Profiles of these flavors include the use of different cheese making processes and sources of milk, in addition to combinations using fresh herbs, honey and alcohol.
The line features flavors such as aged cheddar, feta, manchego, mozzarella, oaxacan, ricotta and toasted parmesan. Bell also has remastered its dairy flavors ranging from rich crema to freshly whipped butter to evaporated milk. Additional flavors continue to be tested and developed for other applications, the company reports.


Updating our story out of New Zealand from yesterday regarding AC/DC drummer Phil Rudd: The charges of attempting to procure a murder have been dropped due to insufficient evidence. This is great news for the legendary sticks man, as a conviction would have meant up to 10 years in prison. Rudd still faces charges of threatening to kill and possession of small amounts of methamphetamine and marijuana.
Disturbing news out of New Zealand as long time AC/DC drummer Phil Rudd has been arrested on charges of attempting to procure a murder. That's Kiwi speak for trying to hire a hitman. Rudd has also been charged with possession of methamphetamine and cannabis which were discovered in his home during an early morning police raid. No further details have been released.
Back in April, AC/DC announced that one of the band's founding members, Malcolm Young, would be taking a break from the band due to an undisclosed illness. Rumors of what could be wrong with the 61-year-old guitarist blew up on the internet, from stroke to cancer. We've waited anxiously for a real announcement, and now that it's here the news is not good.
There have been tons of rumors over the last few days about the rock band AC/DC retiring due to 61-year-old rhythm guitarist Malcolm Young being very ill. AC/DC is probably the least public band that has ever existed so getting real answers is tough.
Today the band finally released a brief statement (I mean brief) confirming that Young is ill and is stepping away from AC/DC.
Although the song was a huge hit for the kabuki make-up wearing shock rock band, whose on-stage antics of breathing fire, spitting blood, and shooting rockets from their guitars often eclipsed their catchy, yet hard-rocking music, "I Was Made For Lovin' You" also alienated KISS' long-time rock concert arena fans, as it was the band's first foray into "disco." While it was considered a "disco" hit, with its pumping bassline and catchy beat suitable for playing at the heavily frequented roller discos of the '70s, it might be a stretch to call it a "party hit." But, hey, the Germans obviously like to party to it, as it beat out the likes of Rihanna, The Black Eyed Peas, Lady Gaga, Katy Perry, JLo, and Kei$ha to make it to the top of the list of 50 songs.
The $10 t-shirt deal of the day over at RIPT Apparel today is a Star Wars-themed shirt with a nod to AC/DC called "Thunderstruck Metal" by RobGo.
The shirt went on sale at RIPT today, Tuesday, November 13, 2012, at midnight CST, and will continue for 24 hours from then, and once it's over, it will not be sold on the site anymore.
The t-shirt is available in men's (through 3XL) and women's sizes for $10 each in black. Kids sizes are $15 (Boys, Girls, and Toddlers in black); Onesies are $18 (in black); Hoodie for $38 (in Men/Unisex sizes in black). You can also get the design on coasters for $25; iphone cases for $18; and prints (18″x24″) for $20.
Today would have marked the 66th birthday of Bon Scott, the original lead singer of the Australian hard rock group AC/DC. Scott, who was their front man during the first wave of the band's success, died of acute alcohol poisoning on February 19th, 1980, and was another of rock's true blue go for broke and take no prisoners individual, who relished and leapt full frontally into all the swirling decadence that came with his endeavor. With his gritty voice and attitude, his ballsy approach on the microphone, his charmingly sleazy demeanor, and dying young like so many of rock and roll's greats before him, Bon Scott remains a celebrated figure in the annals of hard rock history.
He was born Ronald Belford Scott in Scotland on July 9, 1946, before his family moved him from there to Australia when he was six. Having recently arrived from Bonnie, Scotland at that point when he went to school, he was christened with the nickname "Bon" and it stuck with him for the rest of his life.


Get ALL the Lessons Audio, Bonus Audio and PDF files in the KidsVsPhonics.com Feed!
Get Your Child Reading the FAST and FUN Way with KidsVsPhonics.com. Your child will learn to read FAST with the proven phonics method and our 4-step learning system – 1) learn with video lessons 2) read with books 3) review with quizzes and 4) master the sounds songs. Go to www.KidsVsPhonics.com to unlock our FREE App, the Complete Phonics Learning system and MORE lessons!


If you are interested to be a member of SONE, please fill out and submit this form. Make sure that you complete all the options in the form. Please include the full name of the institution along with the country where your institution is located on the section 'affiliated institution' of the form below. We highly encourage to write about yourself in 'comment' section so that it will be easier to communicate between you and SONE. You also need to include your membership fee ($10 USD for overseas students, $20 USD for overseas professionals, $2 USD for students in Nepal, $5 USD for professional in Nepal). For details about how to send fees, please contact, Treasurer, Ms. Sulochana Poudyal, sulochana.paudyal@okstate.edu.


Don't See Exactly What Your Softball or Baseball Field Needs?
Contact our BETTER SOUNDING SPORTS SPECIALIST at 1-800-478-2591, and we'll work with you and your field organizer to custom design the perfect Softball or Baseball field sound system for your application, needs, and budget. Perfect for High School,College, Rec Park and Little League Fields and Facilities.
There is nothing worse than going to cheer on your favorite team on a Saturday afternoon only to hear a screechy, static-filled, outdated PA system! Make sure your baseball fans never miss a call with a customized Professional Sound System. We offer complete audio systems that deliver high-performance sound and the flexibility required for your specific baseball field needs. These systems can be customized for you and will perform for demanding commercial use year after year.
Jireh Supplies specializes in design, installation, and support of video, lighting and audio PA systems for Baseball fields and Softball fields. In order to save money, and not get stressed out, Jireh Supplies is your Home Run, One Call 1-800-478-2591 and your sports fans will love the new ball field sound system, Your organization or school will LOVE the price. I'm sure of it. Let us run all the wire, hang the loudspeakers, and wire up the the amplifier rack plus the sound booth gear.


text:
Q: Where is an error: in specification or codegen? I have swagger.json v2.0 with following declaration:
"SomeType": {
    "type": "string",
    "enum": [
         "",
         "TYPE1",
         "TYPE2",
         "TYPE3"
     ]
},

When I use swagger-codegen (v2.2.1) to generate java code I get invalid enum (with "" as enum key and no value).
Swagger specification says, that enums should be follow JSON schema specification (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-fge-json-schema-validation-00#section-5.5.1).
So, I want to understand, where is an error: in codegen or in specification or I miss something else.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Come Down, Cat?
The day is ending, night is falling, and Nicholas's cat won't come down. High on the roof she licks her paws while Nicholas worries about her up there all alone. How can he coax her into the safe, warm house? She doesn't even want to come down from the roof . . . or does she?
From the combined talents of Sonya Hartnett and Lucia Masciullo comes a tale of friendship and bravery, and the things we are capable of doing for those we treasure most.
Sonya Hartnett
Sonya Hartnett's work has won numerous Australian and international literary prizes and has been published around the world. Uniquely, she is acclaimed for her stories for adults, young adults and children.
Her accolades include the Commonwealth Writers' Prize, The Age Book of the Year, the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize, the Children's Book Council of Australia Book of the Year for both Older and Younger Readers, the Victorian Premier's Literary Award, shortlistings for the Miles Franklin Award and the CILP Carnegie Medal. Hartnett is also the first Australian recipient of the Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award (2008).
About the illustrator
Lucia Masciullo
Lucia Masciullo grew up in Livorno, Tuscany, among smells of saltiness and rosemary. She always loved painting and after graduating with a degree in biology she decided to pursue her dream career as an artist. In 2006 she moved to Brisbane and since then has been happily working as a fine art painter and freelance illustrator.
More books from the 2012 Children's literature shortlist
Goodnight Mice!
The Jewel Fish of Karnak
Evangeline, Wish Keeper's Helper


text:
Johann Christian Gottlieb Graupner (6 de outubro de 1767 - 16 de abril de 1836) foi um músico, compositor, maestro, educador e editor. Nascido em Hanôver, Alemanha, tocou oboé na orquestra de Joseph Haydn em Londres. Depois de se mudar para os Estados Unidos na década de 1790, ele co-fundou a Philharmonic Society (ca. 1810-1825) e a Sociedade Händel e Haydn (est. 1815) em Boston, Massachusetts.

Alguns historiadores chamam Graupner de "o pai das canções negras," com base nas reminiscências do performer Charles T. White (1821-1891). Um historiador do jazz escreve: "Em 1795... Graupner... chegou a Charleston, Virgínia, de Hanôver, Alemanha, ouviu música banjo e canções negras, e aprendeu. Em 1799, ele se apresentou como 'O Gay Negro Boy' em um interlúdio entre os atos do Federal Street Theatre, em Boston." De acordo com outro relato, depois disso "ele se especializou em popularizar canções negras." No entanto, historiadores mais recentes lançaram dúvidas sobre essas alegações.

Em 1801, com os colegas músicos Philip Trajetta e François Mallet, fundou uma academia de música em Boston, chamada Conservatório Americano de Boston. Foi a primeira instituição desse tipo nos Estados Unidos e durou apenas dois anos. Ele também fundou o que rapidamente se tornou a empresa de edição de música mais proeminente da cidade.

Em 1810, ele organizou a Boston Philharmonic Society para tocar música clássica em reação à síncope não clássica das melodias de William Billings. A sociedade executou a Sinfonia Eroica de Beethoven marcando sua estréia norte-americana em 17 de abril de 1810. Ele se tornou "o oráculo musical de Boston" de 1798 até 1815, quando estava entre os membros fundadores da Handel and Haydn Society. Por volta de 1816 dirigiu a orquestra em Washington Gardens.

Ele tocou concertos em Boston no Columbian Museum, Conservatory Hall, e outros locais em Boston e ao redor da Nova Inglaterra. Sua esposa, a cantora de ópera Catherine Comoford Hillier, também se apresentava com frequência.

Como editor de música, Graupner promoveu o popular "Rudiments of the Art of Playing on the Piano-Forte" (Boston, 1806; 2ª ed., 1819), um dos primeiros volumes publicados nos Estados Unidos, ou possivelmente o primeiro. Ele também publicou partituras de vários compositores, incluindo Henry Bishop, John Braham, John Clarke Whitfield, Muzio Clementi, John Davy, Johann Dussek, James Hook, Michael Kelly, George Kiallmark, Thomas Moore, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Francis Panormo, William Parsons, Ludwig van Beethoven, David Dean Roche, John Ross, Oliver Shaw e John Andrew Stevenson.

Em Boston, Graupner administrou uma loja de música, onde também morava. Mais tarde, a loja mudou-se para a Rua Marlboro e no final de sua vida ele morou em Province House Court.

Literatura
H. Earle Johnson, "The Musical Von Hagens". New England Quarterly, vol. 16, no. 1 (March, 1943), pp. 110–117.
Michael Broyles, "Music and Class Structure in Antebellum Boston", Journal of the American Musicological Society, vol. 44, no. 3 (Autumn, 1991), pp. 451–493.
Debra Hess, The pedagogical works of Johann Christian Gottlieb Graupner. University of Florida. 1992.

Ligações externas

 WorldCat. Graupner, Gottlieb 1767–1836
 New York Public Library. Pencil drawing of Graupner, by Mackenzie.

Compositores da Alemanha
Compositores da Era clássica
Compositores clássicos
Compositores do século XVIII
Compositores do século XIX

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Translation:I do not have this fear.
Qual'è la differenza fra il timore e la paura ? Perché entrambe significano "the fear" in inglese.
Timore is a milder, less scared and more respectful fear; "avere timor di Dio" for instance refers to being observant and respectful of the Christian religion, rather than actually being afraid of God. "Incutere timore" means looking or behaving in a way that makes people submissive, while "incutere paura" means being actually scary.
In many uses they are actually synonyms though.
You are learning German. In that language, "timore" would be "Furcht" and "paura" would be "Angst. Or just like in English "fear" and "afraidness".
Or "timidness" which is probably cognate with "timore".
We would likely use "timidity"
Just to let you know Beatles Musician, afraidness is not a word in English. I thought I would tell you since I can see you are on a current streak and can see you are at level 10 in English.
Das deutsche Wort "Befürchtung" trifft es hier am besten. "Diese Befürchtung habe ich nicht." means: I do not see the same dangers as you. / your fear is not justified.
Okay, None of the translations make a lot of sense in actual translation, but i translated it as "I have not this fear" which is literally correct, but really old fashioned sounding. It was marked incorrect and I was wondering why and if I should report it? What do you think??
I wonder if "I am not afraid of this" is acceptable? Next time, maybe.
Still not accepted 13.6.16, even though it is good English (unlike all the other versions).
That was my question too.
The thing is - would Italians say "I'm not afraid of this" in a different way? If they would use this same sentence, then it should be accepted.
I think there could be a subtle difference. In the former, you're specifying what the fear is of - "this"; in the latter, you're specifying the type of fear - "this fear". Maybe?
Why isn't "I have not this fear" correct?
It's not the right word order for the English. I do not have this fear is the correct order. You could also say "I have not got this fear"
questo / quello ... stop losing hearts over them!
Ho finito il mio albero!!
Ho finito il mio albero!


text:
Alliance Tire to host Celine Dion concert for dealer partners at SEMA
Alliance Tire Americas will be hosting a special night for its dealer partners attending the 2018 SEMA show—a private reception followed by a concert performance by the best-selling female artist of all time, Celine Dion, on Wednesday, October 31, in Las Vegas.
"Alliance Tire continues the proud tradition of providing the finest in world-class entertainment to our valued customers at SEMA," says Brian Sheehey, Vice President of Marketing for ATA. "Last year, Elton John inspired us with his classic hits and high-energy show just before announcing his impending retirement from the stage. In previous years, ATA guests rocked out to private performances by Kansas and the Marshall Tucker Band."
Dhaval Nanavati, president of Alliance Tire Americas, adds that the company's tradition of sharing a night of music with top customers gives everybody a fun way to enjoy the best of Vegas during the intense SEMA show.
"Seeing our customers at SEMA is a great way for us not only to share the latest innovations and marketing programs from Alliance, but to thank them for all the support they provide throughout the year as they equip their customers with the best farm, forestry and OTR tires for the challenges they face on the job," Nanavati says. "Taking some time to share an evening of food, fun and music is a great way for us to get off the trade show floor and spend some special time with our customers."
Related Items:alliance tire, alliance tire dealer, auto news, celine dion, celine dion sema, featured, SEMA, sema concert, SEMA show, sema tire dealer, Tire, tire news, tires
Michelin launches new high-performance aircraft tire, the Michelin Pilot
TIA announce 2018 Hall of Fame and Ed Wagner leadership awardees


text:
New England Council and NECN Launch "DC Dialogue" Political Program
New England Council's John Hailer and Jim Brett join host Beth Shelburne to discuss Washington, D.C.'s impact on New England
Boston, MA (February 10, 2010) – Natixis Global Asset Management (NGAM) and the New England Council announced today that Council Chairman John Hailer and Council President and CEO Jim Brett will serve as panelists on a new, political program, "DC Dialogue." The program will air on NECN at 8:00 p.m. Eastern standard time beginning February 14, 2010. "DC Dialogue" will discuss and debate all the front-burner issues in Washington, D.C. and the impact these decisions have on the economy and quality of life for local residents and businesses in New England. The monthly series will cover a variety of topics, including healthcare, education, tourism, transportation, economic development, job creation and energy.
"The New England Council works in Washington to address issues that shape the region's economic prosperity and quality of life, and I'm thrilled that we have the opportunity to translate these important priorities into a format on 'DC Dialogue' that will allow viewers a chance to listen and weigh in," said Brett.
The New England Council draws its members from across all six states and across all economic sectors. As part of the Council, businesses and nonprofits of every size work collaboratively to promote federal policies that benefit the region. The Council also works to maximize regional cooperation on a wide variety of issues such as energy, transportation and education.
Brett, along with Hailer, who also serves as president and CEO of NGAM, North America and Asia, will be joined by guest panelists from New England and Washington, D.C. relevant to the topic at hand. NECN anchor Beth Shelburne will serve as host.
" 'DC Dialogue' will focus on the latest issues in Washington in relation to how these ideas and decisions affect New Englanders here at home," said Hailer. "Washington has increasingly become the financial hub of the nation, and the policies and decisions taken there have a huge impact on job growth, economic development and the overall well-being of businesses and citizens in New England. This program will focus on the nexus between these two worlds." The format of "DC Dialogue" is designed to provide viewers with a wide and diverse perspective on how national debates in Washington are impacting the New England region. The show opens with a discussion of the hot issues of the day in D.C. and is followed by a segment discussing how those topics relate specifically to the New England region.
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About the New England Council
The New England Council is an alliance of businesses, academic and health institutions, and public and private organizations throughout New England formed to promote economic growth and a high quality of life in the New England region.
The Council is dedicated to identifying and supporting federal public policies and articulating the voice of its membership regionally and nationally on important issues facing New England. The New England Council is also committed to working with public and private sector leaders across the region and in Washington through educational programs and forums for information exchange.
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NECN is the largest regional news network in the country, serving more than 3.7 million homes in more than 1,000 cities and towns throughout New England. Launched on March 2, 1992, NECN is owned by Comcast and provides 24-hour access to breaking news, sports, weather, and traffic. The award-winning NECN is a two-time winner of The Associated Press' News Station of the Year Award and a 2009 Edward R. Murrow Award for investigative reporting. Visit www.NECN.com for more information.


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Q: Why do p values for test of likelihood ratio vs Fisher's Exact Test not agree In a 2x2 analysis of categorical data, what causes the p value for the test of the likelihood ratio to differ from both the Fisher's Exact Test and the test of linear-by-linear Association?  Alternatively, where can I go to learn this? (I am using SPSS.)  For example, in one analysis, the Fisher's Exact test 2 sided is .051 and 1 sided is .027, the Likelihood ratio test p is .031 and the linear-by-linear asssocaition p is .039.  Some of these p values are less than .05, some more.  Which do I trust, or how do I choose from among these analyses?

A: You have a few issues here.  First, understanding what each test is doing, and second interpreting the p-values.
First, each test has different underlying assumptions.  The likelihood ratio test statistic is formed by taking the log of the ratio of the likelihood under the null model, divided by the alternative model.  The test statistic is approximately chi-squared distributed, and is asymptotically equivalent to the Pearson Chi-squared test.  Because you are calculating p-values using an asymptotic approximation, you want to make sure you have enough data to justify doing this.  Further, one of the key assumptions of this test is that the observations are independent.
Fisher's Exact test, as its name implies, calculates an exact p-value based on the underlying assumptions.  Instead of using a continuous distribution as an approximation as the sample size grows, it is based on a discrete distribution.  Specifically, the probability of observing any 2x2 table follows the hypergeometric distribution. This test is typically used when there are not enough observations to justify the assumptions of the asymptotic tests, although you could use it for any given number of observations (see edit below, I no longer believe this to be correct).  Importantly however, this test still assumes independence.  For both this test and the likelihood ratio test, your null hypothesis is that the probability of each outcome is equal.
The linear-by-linear association model is testing something different.  This models the log odds ratio as a function of each variable, as well as a term accounting for the relationship between between the variables.  You are estimating a general linear model, assuming a Poisson distribution of counts with the log link function.  I am not familiar with SPSS, but the significance of that test may indicate that your observations are not independent (and thus violate the assumptions of the other tests). (edit: I think you can ignore this issue based on what SPSS output).
Finally, it seems like you have some issues interpreting your p-values.  It might be worth considering what the difference between a p-value of 0.051 vs. 0.049 means practically.  Do you consider the first to be significantly different than the second in terms of evidence it provides?  Another issue you may want to investigate is calculating mid p-values. This can help account for some conservatism of tests based on discrete distributions.  For example, say one more observation would change your Fisher exact p-value from 0.051 to 0.025.  This discontinuity in p-values can effectively make tests like the Fisher exact test more conservative.  For a reference on all of these topics, I would recommend Categorical Data Analysis by Agresti.
Edit:
I'll address a few additional points more in depth.  1) Why are the p-values different and 2) Which test to use
To start at the top, the p-values in general for these tests can be different because they are using different assumptions.  To illustrate, I generated some random sample data for 2x2 tables.  To do this I started with n = 10 (5 data points in each row), and went to n = 1000.  Row 1 had a true probability of 30%, and row 2 had a true probability of 70%.  Because we know that the odds ratios are truly different, we should ideally see a low p-value.  The chart below shows the difference between the p-value estimated by fisher's test, vs. the Pearson chi-square test (this was easier for me to run quickly to illustrate the point than the LR-test).

Note that, especially for small n, these values can be very different although they differ less when a continuity correction is applied.
Second, which test should you use?  Now that you have posted your actual data in the comments, I believe you should use Fisher's test.  This is because you have a zero cell.  However, because this test is conservative, you should probably apply a correction (mid-P corrections are what I am familiar with, not sure if there are other superior options).  See the thread below for more discussion and references.  That thread also caused me to reconsider suggesting that Fisher's test could be used in any situation, given the evidence the author provides:
Given the power of computers these days, is there ever a reason to do a chi-squared test rather than Fisher's exact test?
Finally, this site suggests you can ignore the issue of the linear-by-linear test.  I didn't go into too much detail, but it seems that it may be equivalent in SPSS to the Chi-Square test:
https://sites.google.com/a/lakeheadu.ca/bweaver/Home/statistics/notes/chisqr_assumptions


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Democrat Heidi Heitkamp Just Lost Her North Dakota Senate Seat to Conservative Kevin Cramer
Another loss for the Democrats.
Tom Williams/AP
Heidi Heitkamp, North Dakota's first female senator and the only Democrat currently holding statewide office, has lost her seat to Republican Rep. Kevin Cramer in one of the most closely watched Senate races of the 2018 midterms, according to MSNBC and Reuters. The victory for Cramer, a three-term House member and staunch conservative, further hurts the Democrats' prospects in the Senate.
Heitkamp's odds of winning—once nearly even with her opponent's—had been looking slim for weeks. Cramer's polling lead stretched into the double digits in September amid the confirmation fight over Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh, and his chances increased further after that court decided last month to let stand a voter ID law expected to suppress the votes of Native Americans, one of Heitkamp's key constituencies.
In her first Senate race in 2012, Heitkamp faced similar odds only to win by a mere 3,000 votes. But this cycle, her tenacity on the campaign trail wasn't enough to stop Cramer, a former state GOP party chair who has made his support for President Donald Trump a centerpiece of his midterms message.
Trump won the North Dakota by a 36-point margin in the 2016 presidential election. So while Cramer appealed to North Dakotans' deep Republican loyalties, Heitkamp tried to cash in on her image as a gutsy independent, unafraid to buck party and side with the president. She even let slip this spring that Trump had personally asked her to become a Republican. (She has voted in line with his positions 54 percent of the time since 2017, according to FiveThirtyEight.) On the campaign trail, Heitkamp hammered Cramer on the issues of health care and trade, which were seen as winners among the state's rural electorate. She criticized the congressman for voting multiple times to repeal the Affordable Health Act and its protections for preexisting conditions, and for supporting Trump's trade war with China, which led to a 25 percent retaliatory tariff that has slammed North Dakota's many soybean farmers.
All the while, Heitkamp appeared to avoid engaging in national political debates that could have alienated moderate Republicans, whose votes she needed to win reelection. But that became impossible this fall, during Kavanaugh's Supreme Court confirmation hearings, when multiple women accused the conservative judge of sexually assaulting them in high school and college. As Republican senators doubled down on their pro-Kavanaugh stances, it became clear that the confirmation would hinge on the decisions of a small handful of moderates, Heitkamp included. She ultimately voted "no"—despite North Dakota polling that found strong support for the judge among her constituents.
"If this were a political decision for me, I certainly would be deciding this the other way," she said. "I can't get up in the morning and look at the life experience that I've had and say 'yes' to Judge Kavanaugh."
Some called Heitkamp's choice "political suicide" at a time when she was already slipping in the polls, but it also drew in $12.5 million in donations in the first half of October—drawing speculation that it could actually boost her flagging campaign. (Some of this goodwill toward Heitkamp later dissipated after her campaign outed and misidentified several victims of sexual violence in a newspaper ad framed as an open letter to Cramer from North Dakota survivors.)
Cramer, on the other hand, was publicly wondering aloud whether sexual assault as a teenager should really disqualify Kavanaugh from sitting on the nation's highest court, even if the allegations were true; he called Christine Blasey Ford's claims more "absurd" than Anita Hill's and said that by Ford's accusation, "nothing evidently happened" because the alleged attempted rape was not completed.
This election was the first to take place under strict new provisions in a North Dakota voter ID law that makes it harder for voters who lack a residential address to cast their ballot—disproportionately affecting Native Americans living on reservations. State Republicans passed the voter ID law in 2013, shortly after Heitkamp was a elected to the Senate with strong support from the state's Native community, and they tightened its provisions multiple times in the following years.
Heitkamp's defeat in North Dakota means the loss of a moderate female voice in an increasingly polarized Senate. It follows another another loss by a red-state Democratic incumbent, Joe Donnelly of Indiana.
As the results come in, we want to hear from you. How are you reacting? Do you have a message for the winner? Let us know by filling out the form below, send us an email at talk@motherjones.com, or leave us a voicemail at (510) 519-MOJO. We may use some of your responses in a follow-up story.
Heitkamp Apologizes for Outing, Misidentifying Sexual Violence Victims
This GOP Senate Candidate Isn't Sure that Attempted Rape Claim Should Disqualify Kavanaugh


trying to put together some games of magic with new people and maybe do some booster drafts. My name is brad and im from Waterford. This is open to all.
MTG Okland county MI Members-Only You do not have access to read this forum.


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Accreditation, governance, independent, public sector
Anatomy of UK museums
For the general public a museum is a museum, however for those interested in pursuing a career in museums, volunteering or acting as a trustee to a museum it is useful to know a little more about the composition or anatomy of the of UK museum sector.
Museums in the UK can be broadly divided into 3 distinct groupings, local, independent and national. Traditionally people working in museums tend to remain in one of these 3 groups, as each have their own cultures and career paths.
Local government museums account for over a third of UK Accreditated museums. They date back to the Public Museums Act of 1845 which enabled municipal boroughs to establish museums, like New Walk Museum in Leicester founded in 1849. These museums, as part of the public sector, have tried to embrace community engagement with an emphasis on local collections and life long learning. Many of the professional staff are qualified with post graduate museum degrees and work across a range of disciplines.
Looks a bit like a mini BM but it is actually New Walk Museum & Gallery, Leicester
The independent museum sector includes the majority of museums in the UK. These organisations are largely small with few or no paid staff, but a few are larger and employee staff. They are not operated by the public sector and receive little of no revenue grants from government. Although they have been around for centuries they proliferated in the 70s and 80s as enthusasists attempted to save the nations' disappearing heritage whether it was a local building or large objects like the SS Great Britain in Bristol. In order to survive these type of museums have had to be customer orientated and business savvy, especially the larger institutions which require a significant cash income to operate.
SS Great Britain, a large independent museum in Bristol
National museums make up the smallest part of the sector. They are dominated by the "big beasts" like the British Museum, V&A, National Museums of Scotland etc. Although professionally run, staff are trained along subject specialisms rather than having a museum post graduate qualification. Indeed they can sometimes be seen to be closer to an academic institution than other types of museums. Some of the less obvious "nationals" include the Horniman and the Geffrye museums, which never the less are still directly funded by the Department for Culture, Media & Sport. All too often the media assume all museums full into the national catergory. For instance the policy of free admission is only applicable to nationals, as central government only compensates the museums it directly supports. If you are a charging local or independent museum it is sometimes hard to explain to journalists or the public that 95% of museums are not supported by the free admissions policy.
One of the lesser known national museums, the Geffrye, London
This is of course a gross simplification of the museum sector. The changes to museums over the last few decades have broken down some of these cultural barriers. Not least with the growth of learning and visitor services in the sector. But it is still something that those within the museum world should be aware of the 3 distinct types of institutions.
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Ruth Reichl on Gilt Taste and the future of food journalism
By Betty HallockDeputy Food Editor
Sept. 23, 2011 6:06 PM PT
Ruth Reichl, former editor of Gourmet magazine, was recently in Los Angeles to talk about her latest endeavor at Gilt Taste, the online gourmet market/culinary magazine launched this year by Gilt Groupe, the site for fashion and travel deals.
How are you liking your role as editorial advisor at Gilt Taste?
I love it. I watched my magazine die not because people didn't like it but because there were no advertisers. We had more than a million subscribers, and if we couldn't get advertisers, then there's something really broken about that model. So this is a new model, with commerce instead of advertising. I love the idea of supporting these artisans who are growing things, baking things, making cheese. They aren't necessarily great business people. So we're really supporting them and introducing them and their products to people.
How did you get involved?
[Gilt Groupe Chairman] Susan [Lyne] came to me and told me she really wanted a journalism aspect to the site. I wouldn't have done it otherwise. There's a difference between food and fashion. You don't have to tell people who Giorgio Armani is. But how are we going to get the food world people out there? If we create really good journalism, people will come for the stories.... People tell me every day, 'I can't tell you how much I miss [Gourmet].' There's a hole in food journalism and hopefully we can fill it. These are well-written and well-edited. [Features editor] Francis [Lam] and I really kick these things back and forth and press for better stories, stories that are thoughtful. They're important stories. Even the videos. There are filmmakers who do the videos for us. Isn't it time to move on from 'This is how you carve a turkey' and do something more artistic? We're trying to think outside of the box in every way.
Is there a line being crossed when you merge commerce and journalism?
There isn't any line to cross. We're one unit. That firewall that used to exist has been eroding for years. We wouldn't be selling something if we weren't proud of it. And we wouldn't write about something we weren't interested in.... Now, I don't have a publisher asking, 'can you use these products in a recipe?' just because they're an advertiser.
How are you involved in selecting products available on the site?
Editorial is where my heart is, but I am constantly traveling, meeting people who are telling me about products. I was in Las Vegas and had this amazing caviar that's sustainably raised and not available in this country, and we're working on getting that. I'm probably on my own here and love yamaimo [the Japanese yam known for its slimy texture], but it's hard to find outside of Asian markets. One of the best products on the site is American-raised bottarga.
How have you seen Los Angeles' food scene change since you were food editor at the L.A. Times?
It's a really young food energy. It reminds me of what's happening in Paris. Chefs are saying, 'I don't want to cook for movie stars and rich people.' It's comfortable and casual. And this is hugely different from back in the day when everything was dictated by the movie industry and who was eating where.... The food people have wrested it back from them.
You mentioned a hole in food journalism after the end of Gourmet. Is there a lack of good food journalism in general?
There's a lot of good food journalism, but it's not in epicurean magazines. [It's in] newspapers, the Atlantic has a food component, the New Yorker food issue. When I started at Gourmet we asked ourselves what we should be covering. The farms, where food comes from.... And we faced this attitude, 'People don't come to Gourmet to learn about fish farming or how trans fats are bad for you.' We said, they should. And they did. People who eat food and cook food want to know. But it's a hard sell to advertisers.
Is Gilt Taste a viable model for long-form journalism?
I think it will be increasingly with food and fashion magazines. They'll start to ask themselves, why not? Maybe it's not a pure model for the future. It's a bold experiment that I wanted to be part of.
What about blogs' place in the future of food journalism?
They're stunningly good, a lot of them, with great recipes, and a lot of them can really write. The difference is there's a group thing that happens with good journalism. It's very collaborative, the effort of a lot of people. There's a real place for what [blogs] are doing. But it can be in a vacuum, you don't get the big picture or can move it forward in a big way.... The rumor that print is dead is just like what happened with the movie industry when videos came around. They said, 'Nobody's ever going to go to the movies.'
Look at the magazine Lucky Peach and how successful it's been.
Yes, it's so irreverent and so much fun.... [Lucky Peach publisher] McSweeney's is doing a great job at proving that print is not dead. It's just the landscape is changing. There's room for all of it.
Food Events: El Bulli the movie, Cube Marketplace sale, San Gennaro feast
S. Irene Virbila on the Marling Menu-Master
Rosh Hashanah recipes from the Test Kitchen
-- Betty Hallock
Betty Hallock
Betty Hallock is deputy Food editor at the Los Angeles Times. She has co-written four cookbooks, including "Bäco: Vivid Recipes from the Heart of Los Angeles," "Amá: A Modern Tex-Mex Kitchen" and "Baking at République." She started her journalism career at the Wall Street Journal and Scientific American in New York, worked on the L.A. Times' Business desk, and was interim food editor at Los Angeles Magazine. Hallock also helped launch a food and nutrition vertical for wellness app RoundGlass. She's a graduate of UCLA and New York University.


What fills your tank? Perhaps you already know the answer to this question – as well as why it's important for your life, your family and your marriage. But if you're like most, you've probably never asked yourself what it is that fills you with joy and energy.
For nearly twenty years, Jenny* never took the time to consider this question. And for nearly two decades, she unknowingly added unnecessary frustration to her own life as well as that of her spouse and children.
Recently, Jenny discovered that if she doesn't regularly spend time outside – in her garden, going for hikes or simply walking around out of doors – she becomes more irritable and the little things start to get to her more.
Her husband, Ross*, on the other hand, has unknowingly been practicing the art of self-care for years. The activity that keeps him calm and fills his tank is reading, so he regularly sits in his favourite chair on a Saturday and dives into a good book. With his head (and heart) filled, he is more equipped to give back to his wife and family.
Learning what fills you and what drains you will empower you to care for your own physical, emotional, mental and spiritual health.
He suggests you sit down and write out six things that fill you and six things that drain you. Your spouse should do the same.
What am I doing that makes me feel most alive and helps me feel the fullest (on the flipside, what does the exact opposite)?
With whom am I doing these things?
Where am I doing these things?
Once you've finished, swap your lists and make a point of holding one another accountable.
When your spouse is starting to get frustrated or stressed out, you can check in with them to make sure they're balancing their lives between what fills them and what drains them. Once you get more output than input, you'll start noticing the warning signs.
For Cordeiro, he started noticing "unwelcome symptoms" in his life that, as he would learn, were pointing to burnout.
"Ministry became more arduous," he recalls. "My daily tasks seemed unending, and e-mails began to stack up. People I deeply cared about became problems to be avoided, and deliberating about new vision no longer stirred my soul." Later he noticed more physiological symptoms popping up including erratic heartbeat, difficulty breathing and insomnia.
In a 2006 talk he gave at the Global Leadership Summit, Cordeiro explained that if your emotional tank starts draining more than you're filling, the first alarm that will go off will be an anxiety attack. The second level will be an emotional breakdown and the third – the level he dropped down to – will be a nervous breakdown.
The biggest danger comes when our lives start getting too busy, the things we stop doing are the things that keep us going. We assume self-care is selfish and disposable, so we stop going out in nature or reading for the joy of it. Cordeiro has learned the hard way that when his life gets busy, he has to do the exact opposite. Instead of cutting off those things that fill him, he increases them.
In Christian circles, the goal is so often selflessness. We give and we give of ourselves – to our spouses, to our children, grandchildren, neighbours, co-workers, church family and so on. We give to the point of exhaustion and – for Cordeiro and many others – to the point of burnout.
This process can look different for different people. Some may receive God's love in nature, like Jenny. Others may find it in books like Ross. Some may feel fulfilled when creating like our Creator or spending time with their grandchildren.
Learning that caring for yourself is not an act of selfishness but the only way you'll be able to consistently pour out into other people is a difficult lesson to learn, but it's one that could potentially save your relationships from years of frustration.
"One of the greatest lessons I'm learning (and yes, I am still learning it) is that rest is not sin. Taking a break doesn't mean you're lazy or that you're not as valuable. Catching your breath now and then doesn't mean you're not carrying your load, or that you are somehow less than committed to your church, your company, or your calling. It was (and is) a hard-learned lesson."
After all, from the very beginning God created a space for the Sabbath. When we take the time to rest and allow Him to renew us, we're more able to give back to those around us – including our spouses.


Cranberry stem gall is a sporadic problem in Wisconsin. Once infected, vines take several years to regain full productivity. Find out what the disease looks like from a distance as well as close up plus the best strategies for protecting plants (4 pages).


Never before has a president had so many members of his own party so eager to stick a knife in his back. Now that they smell blood, a number of treasonous Republicans are openly talking of impeaching Donald Trump even though there is no evidence that he has committed any crimes. A New York Times article that reported that a memo exists in which FBI Director James Comey documented a conversation between himself and President Trump during which he was encouraged "to end the investigation into former national security adviser Michael Flynn" sent shockwaves through Washington on Wednesday. Almost immediately, members of both parties began suggesting that Trump could be impeached. But as I detailed in another article earlier today, the elements for obstruction of justice simply are not there even if everything that Comey is claiming is true.
In essence, Graham is signalling that he believes that the facts will show that Trump is guilty and that he is ready to move forward on impeachment.
So it may end up being a good thing that so many Republican politicians have shown their true colors in recent days, because that will just make the coming conservative revolution that much easier.


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