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Get outside weather forecast for Las Vegas into weekend
Sunny skies, light winds and temperatures a dozen degrees above normal will be felt in the Las Vegas Valley Thursday and Friday, says the National Weather Service.
By Marvin Clemons Las Vegas Review-Journal
Lindsey Daub tries to get her 13-month-old son's, Luke, attention as she takes a picture of him at Cornerstone Park on Wednesday, Jan. 13, 2021, in Henderson. A high pressure ridge will likely bring Las Vegas to a high near 68 on Thursday, Jan. 14, 2021, according to the National Weather Service. (Bizuayehu Tesfaye/Las Vegas Review-Journal) @bizutesfaye
Seth Odom, left, and his wife Kelli relax with their son Andrew, 2, at Cornerstone Park on Wednesday, Jan. 13, 2021, in Henderson. A high pressure ridge will likely bring Las Vegas to a high near 68 on Thursday, Jan. 14, 2021, according to the National Weather Service. (Bizuayehu Tesfaye/Las Vegas Review-Journal) @bizutesfaye
Wendy Zimmer, left, relaxes with her dog Coco and her friend Lesley Miller at Cornerstone Park on Wednesday, Jan. 13, 2021, in Henderson. A high pressure ridge will likely bring Las Vegas to a high near 68 on Thursday, Jan. 14, 2021, according to the National Weather Service. (Bizuayehu Tesfaye/Las Vegas Review-Journal) @bizutesfaye
Take a walk. Ride a bike. Go to the park.
The Thursday high should reach 68 with winds around 6 mph. Friday conditions are expected to be nearly identical.
The high temperatures will be well below the records of 74 for Thursday and 73 for Friday, both set in 1945.
Temperatures n the Spring Mountains will be in the 60s as well.
70 possible, but not likely
"If we get a little more north wind on Saturday we could reach 70, but it's not likely," said weather service meteorologist Barry Pierce, noted that Saturday afternoon winds could be 10 to 15 mph with possible gusts up to 20 mph.
🛥Elevated north winds will continue to produce choppy water on Lake Mohave heading into the weekend. Conditions will not be as bad on Lake Mead. #azwx #cawx #nvwx pic.twitter.com/7P7dZd8vS3
— NWS Las Vegas (@NWSVegas) January 13, 2021
Windy conditions with winds of 20 to 30 mph are expected for Lake Mohave and Laughlin.
Weekend highs will remain several degrees above normal with temperatures falling back to around 60 early next week.
The thermometer has stayed above freezing at McCarran International Airport all winter, dropping to 33 on Dec. 13 and Christmas Eve, Pierce said.
Contact Marvin Clemons at mclemons@reviewjournal/com. Follow @Marv_in_Vegas on Twitter.
Posted on: Weather
Tagged: mc-weather
By Sabrina Schnur / RJ
Saturday reached 71 degrees in the Las Vegas Valley, 2 degrees short of the 1976 record for Jan. 16, according to National Weather Service meteorologist Jenn Varian.
Las Vegas high temperatures will reach low 70s by mid-week
By Marvin Clemons / RJ
A high pressure ridge building across the West will likely bring Las Vegas to near-record temperatures by the middle of the week, according to the National Weather Service.
Near-record Las Vegas dry conditions to continue through week
Dry conditions that persisted through much of 2020 are continuing into the new year for the Las Vegas region.
Las Vegas heads outdoors to start 2021 — PHOTOS
With sunny skies and calm conditions Saturday, people visited popular spots across Southern Nevada, including Exploration Peak Park in Las Vegas.
Las Vegas starts year right at normal with clear sky
Although Friday morning lows were slightly above average across the Las Vegas Valley, the seven-day forecast calls for temperatures right at normal with no precipitation.
Expect cool breezes for Las Vegas Strip on New Year's Eve
December 31, 2020 - 8:37 am December 31, 2020 - 6:52 pm
The last evening of 2020 will be cool, partly cloudy and breezy at times in the Las Vegas Valley.
Cold Moon graces Las Vegas skies — GALLERY
The Cold Moon is most distinctive for its high trajectory across the sky.
Mt. Charleston gets 2 inches of snow as rain avoids Las Vegas Valley
By Alexis Ford / RJ
There was no measurable rain at McCarran International Airport or in Henderson or North Las Vegas as of 6:45 p.m. Monday.
Winter storm coming to Las Vegas, snow in the mountains
The western Las Vegas Valley may see some snow pellets Monday. Mount Charleston will likely see a few inches during the storm.
Las Vegas winter will start warm before cool front arrives
Temperatures will be above normal Sunday and Monday, the official first day of winter, according to the latest National Weather Service forecast.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Sands China IPO Could Raise $3.58B
LAS VEGAS-Las Vegas Sands Corp. said Monday it intends to sell as much as 30% of its Macau operation--as many as 2.057 billion shares--at a per-share price between $1.34 and $1.79.
By Brian K. Miller | November 09, 2009 at 12:37 PM
LAS VEGAS-Las Vegas Sands Corp. said Monday that its wholly-owned subsidiary Sands China Ltd. could raise as much as $3.58 billion from its initial public offering of up to 30% of itself on the Hong Kong stock exchange. The publicly traded casino operator intends to use the proceeds to repay debt and restart stalled construction projects in Macau.
Las Vegas Sands intends to offer as many as 2.057 billion shares of Sands China Ltd., including overallotments for somewhere between HK$10.38 and HK$13.88 each–$1.34 and $1.79. A sellout would generate between $2.756 billion and $3.579 billion and leave Las Vegas Sands Corp. with between 70% and 72% of the post-issuance capital based of Sands China Ltd.
Last week, Las Vegas Sands filed its required disclosure statement detailing the operations of Sands China, which holds the company's operations in Macau. Competitor Wynn Resorts Ltd. completed a $1.87-billion IPO on the Hong Kong exchange for its Macau operations at the start of the month, within two weeks of filing the disclosure statement.
Macau, a special administrative region of China, is the only place in the county where gambling is legal. The gambling industry there started in 1962 when the government issued a single license to Stanley Ho. The monopoly ended in 2002 and several licenses were handed out. In 2006, the market surpassed Las Vegas as the world's largest gaming market.
Currently, Las Vegas Sands owns three operating casino resorts there–the Venetian Macao, the Sands Macao and the Plaza, which have a combined 3,554 suites and hotel rooms, 1,098 table games, 3,631 slot machines and over 60 different restaurants and food outlets. Sands Macau opened in 2004, followed by the Venetian Macau in 2007 and then the Plaza in 2008. It also owns CotaiArena, Macau's largest entertainment venue and one of the largest convention and exhibition halls in Asia, and one of three major high-speed ferry companies operating between Hong Kong and Macau.
The company's next phase of development in Macau is known as the Cotai Strip, where it controls five parcels. The company said it is in the final stages of a draft land concession from the Macau Government for land known as Parcels 5 & 6 in Cotai. The company has plans for a 13-million-square-foot, $4.3-billion integrated resort on the two parcels that would be completed in three phases. After that, it would develop Parcel 3 with an additional 3,900 branded hotel rooms and will be connected to the Plaza and the convention and exhibition hall at The Venetian Macao. Parcels 7 and 8 are expected to contain an integrated resort that would be similar in size and scope to the integrated resort located on Parcels 5 and 6.
"Our ultimate plans for Cotai include five interconnected integrated resorts, which leverage a wide range of branded hotel and resort offerings to attract different segments of the market," the company states in its filing with the Hong Kong stock exchange. "When complete, we expect our Cotai Strip development to contain over 20,000 hotel rooms, approximately 1.6 million square feet of meeting, convention and exhibition space, over two million square feet of retail malls, six theaters and other amenities."
The $2-billion first phase of Parcels 5 and 6 would include 3,700 rooms in two hotel towers [flying Sheraton, Shangri-La and Traders flags], 300,000 square feet of casino area and approximately 1.2 million square feet consisting of retail, entertainment and dining facilities, meeting space and a multi-purpose theater. The first phase also includes the structural work for an adjacent 2,300-room Sheraton hotel tower that would be fit out in the $190-million second phase along with some of the remaining retail facilities. The $443-million third phase is slated to include a luxury St. Regis-branded hotel and condo-hotel tower.
"We began construction of Parcels 5 and 6 in 2006 and suspended construction in November 2008 due to the global economic downturn," the company states in its filing with the Hong Kong stock exchange. "We plan to restart construction of Phases I and II with a portion of the proceeds from [the IPO], together with supplemental financing that we are currently seeking to obtain from a group of lenders."
On Monday the company provided additional detail with regard to the supplemental financing, explaining that Sands Macau has been seeking commitments for $1.75 billion in project financing and recently received commitments from a group of commercial banks and financial institutions to provide $1.45 billion. "VOL is also actively seeking to obtain commitments from other commercial banks and financial institutions to provide" the remaining $300 million in financing.
When that has been completed, the company estimates it will take 18 months to compete the first phase and an additional six months to complete the second phase hotel tower and an additional 24 months to complete the remaining retail facilities planned for the second phase. As of mid year, Sands had capitalized construction costs of approximately $1.7 billion for the two parcels. If the supplemental financing is obtained, it expects to spend an additional $2.2 million to complete the first two phases.
Miami Hotel Progresses Despite Sea Level Concerns, Resident Opposition
Lidia Dinkova | December 18, 2020
The developer that leases Jungle Island from the city wants to build a 281-key hotel in a 110-foot tall building, although it can go up to 130 feet and 300 keys.


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1: Please specify the prediction you need?
2: How much accuracy do you need?
5: Which of these do you need to predict?


text:
Q: DRM support in Firefox OS What DRM formats does Firefox OS support?
I found EME https://hsivonen.fi/eme/, but it isn't helpful.
I just want to play videos on fxos from dev point of view.

*

*Mozilla does not share any specification to DRM support at all.

*I've asked at Mozilla IRC (#fxos) more than five times during last week and nobody replied.

*Mozilla has disabled account creation (DOS attack) for at least one week, so could not ask there either.

A: Firefox OS builds on open standards and any other things like DRM support is in hands of manufacturer who wants to build on Firefox OS.
E.g. Panasonic builds on Firefox OS and adds their own features like DRM support, specifically PlayReady in their HTML5 v2.0 SDK. Source developer page.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Does infinitesimal generator fully encode SDE When does the infinitesimal generator completely and uniquely encode its associated stochastic process?
For an Ito diffusion specifically, it would seem to do so, except maybe up to a rotation of the diffusion matrix coefficient.

A: To summarize the comments, for an Ito diffusion specifically, if $dX_t$ has bounded, Lipschitz continuous coefficients, then it is a Feller process, which implies that its infinitesimal generator fully encodes it.
Anyone who wants to comment on more general cases are welcome to do so! :)


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Weekend Wings #20: Inflatable Aircraft
It may come as a surprise to readers to learn that inflatable aircraft are not a new idea. Indeed, they've been with us for almost eighty years!
The first mention of an inflatable aircraft is in a patent filed by Taylor McDaniel on August 13th, 1930. It was granted in 1933 as US patent 1,905,298. (This link and the following one are, in my experience, best viewed using the Microsoft Internet Explorer browser - Firefox and others seem to have trouble with the Quicktime viewer used by the US Patent Office.)
McDaniel described his invention as follows:
The invention is preferably embodied in a glider, although the same may be embodied in any type of heavier than air machine, such as an airplane and also in a lighter than air machine, such as a dirigible. In constructing a glider in accordance with my invention, the air-foil or sustaining plane has a stiffening frame made of inflated tubes. These tubes are secured to the fuselage, and means is preferably provided to exert a longitudinal pull upon the inflated tubes, upon the increase of load upon the tubes. ... The arrangement is such that the horizontal control or stabilizing of the glider is effected by flexing or warping the trailing edge of the air-foil or sustaining plane by the manipulation of the usual control stick.
A particular advantage of the glider is that the major portion of the framework of the same is constructed entirely of inflated tubes, which is extremely light, resilient within limits, and not liable to break, as would be the case if constructed of wood. The frequent breakage of the ordinary glider, when making a landing is one of the principal objections to its use. Further, by constructing the major portion of the framework of the glider of inflated tubes, such tubes may be deflated and the glider collapsed for shipment in a relatively small space, the ordinary Wooden frame glider when shipped occupying a considerable space.
McDaniel proceeded to build his inflatable glider, and demonstrate it before US Army officers. No pictures are available, as far as I'm aware, except for a newsreel from 1931 that's offered for sale by www.buyoutfootage.com (and which I can't afford to buy for unpaid blogging purposes, I'm afraid!) In their listing for this newsreel (item UE31005, about a third of the way down the page at the link) they describe the footage as follows:
INVENTOR CRASHES RUBBER GLIDER TO PROVE SAFETY VALUE
WASHINGTON, D.C. – Government aviation experts watch successful tests of odd wreck-proof flying device. Taylor McDaniel, inventor, acts as ground crew for pilot Joe Bergling, who takes machine into air and deliberately nose dives it. First bounce shows no injury to man or vehicle.
So, despite the paucity of information, it seems that McDaniel's inflatable glider really worked. However, it was never put into production apart from the prototype, as far as I'm aware. If any reader can shed more light on this aircraft, I'd be grateful.
During the same decade the Soviet Union experimented with glider aircraft on a large scale. According to Victor Suvorov, on Page 113 of his book 'Icebreaker: Who Started The Second World War?':
. . . the parachute psychosis of the 1930's was also accompanied by a glider psychosis. Soviet glider pilots and their gliders were well up to world standards, and indeed higher. By the beginning of the Second World War, out of eighteen world gliding records, thirteen were held by the Soviet Union.
The best builders of Soviet military aircraft were sometimes deflected from their main work in order to make glider planes. Even Sergei Korolev, who was later to create the first sputnik, was set to work on developing gliders, which he did with great success. If builders of war planes and ballistic missiles were put to work on making gliders, the purpose was obviously not simply to win world records. Had Stalin been interested in breaking records, why did he not put the best minds to work on creating new racing bicycles?
That Soviet gliding was heading in a military direction is beyond dispute. Even before Hitler came to power, the Soviet Union had seen the creation of the first airborne cargo glider in the world, the 6-63, made by the plane builder Boris Dmitriyevich Urlapov. Heavy gliders were invented which were capable of lifting a freight-carrying vehicle. P. Gorokhovsky even created an inflatable rubber glider; after they had been used behind enemy lines, they could be loaded onto a transport aircraft and returned to their own territory to be used again.
This passing reference to Gorokhovsky's inflatable glider set me searching through online aviation archives. Again, very little material is available: but the British Flight magazine, in its issue of June 27th, 1935, page 692, has the following report:
It is credibly reported that a Soviet factory is producing a glider which can be carried in a suitcase. It is made of rubberised fabric, and the structural members are inflatable tubes of this material!
In its issue of January 2nd, 1936, on page 9, Flight displayed the following picture and caption concerning the Soviet inflatable glider (click for a larger view):
Again, I've been able to find nothing more about this aircraft from online sources. If any reader can provide more information, I'd be grateful.
World War II brought an end to any experimentation in the field. Military aviation wasn't ready to fool around with outlandish ideas like inflatable aircraft (although the US Navy used blimps extensively for coastal and convoy patrol, with considerable success).
After World War II, interest was revived. Many pilots had been lost because they'd been shot down behind enemy lines, and couldn't be rescued in time. This problem recurred in the Korean War. Inquiring minds wondered whether some sort of aircraft could be developed that could be air-dropped to them and set up on the spot. The pilots could then fly themselves to safety. In Britain and the USA, these ideas were followed up.
The Goodyear company, makers of the famous blimps, developed what they called the Inflatoplane. They gave their initial prototype the internal project code of GA-33. The wings, tail unit and cockpit enclosure were constructed of a material Goodyear called Airmat. This consisted of two walls of rubberized fabric connected by nylon cords, with air pumped between them. The fuselage was of single-layer rubberized fabric.
The prototype GA-33 made its first flight at Olathe, Kansas, on May 28th, 1957. Piloted by Goodyear's test pilot, Richard Ulm, it flew in a severe thunderstorm - which must have been an interesting experience!
It proved to have a performance basically similar to the Piper J-3 Cub. After further testing, it was developed into two models. Both had open cockpits, as opposed to the closed cockpit of the GA-33.
The single-seat GA-468 model had a two-stroke Nelson engine delivering 40hp. It was a little under 20 feet long, with a wingspan of 22 feet. It carried 20 gallons of fuel and could lift a payload of 240 pounds. Its cruising speed was 60 mph, and it could travel for 390 miles or remain aloft for over six hours. Its maximum altitude was about 6,000 feet.
The two-seat GA-466 model was almost the same length, but its wingspan was 28 feet. It had a 60hp McCulloch engine to cater for the extra load. On 18 gallons of fuel, it could cruise at 55 mph and cover 275 miles, or remain aloft for almost five and a half hours. It had only a single wheel beneath the fuselage, to save weight.
The Inflatoplane was an ingenious piece of work. The aircraft was packed into a container about the size of a cabin trunk, rolled up into a compact bundle. It was designed to be air-dropped by parachute in this container, then pulled out for erection.
It would be wheeled into position and unrolled.
It would be inflated either by a motor-driven air-pump, or by a cylinder of compressed air.
Once inflated, the propeller would be attached to the engine and the aircraft prepared for flight.
The small engine would then be started by hand, somewhat like early outboard motors, using a pull-cord. The engine drove the propeller for powered flight, and also a small air pump that continuously fed air to the aircraft, keeping it inflated to a pressure of about 25 pounds per square inch (psi). At that pressure, the wings would keep their shape under most conditions - even when men walked on them!
Inevitably, leaks occurred, but the pump proved able to keep the aircraft (literally) in shape for extended periods, even when bullet holes were deliberately shot in the fuselage and wings. One Inflatoplane reportedly flew for over an hour with a dozen .38 Special bullet holes in it.
The cockpit was very basic, but had all essential instruments for visual flight.
The aircraft could land on conventional wheels:
or on a hydro-ski, permitting operation from water, snow and ice (of course, being full of air, with the engine and air-pump well above the water, it wouldn't sink):
A dozen Inflatoplane prototypes were built, and tested by all US services, Army, Navy and Air Force. Testing continued until the early 1970's, driven by the imperative need to rescue pilots shot down in the Vietnam conflict. However, there were numerous drawbacks to the idea of dropping an inflatable aircraft to a pilot. For a start, he would need a flat area in which to take off - and the jungles and mountains of Vietnam offered few, if any, such places. Second, he would need to be uninjured, and capable of unpacking, deploying and flying the aircraft. Experience showed that the violence of ejection from a fast-moving jet aircraft frequently left aircrew injured, to such an extent that they might not be able to do so. Finally, there was the time factor. It would take several hours to deploy an aircraft carrying the Inflatoplane, get it to the downed pilot, drop the container, wait for him to erect the aircraft, and then fly home. In much less time, a helicopter rescue team could be on the scene and pick him up directly.
Testing also showed that the aircraft was prone to structural movement in the air (probably inevitable when there was no rigid structure as such). This caused the death of one test pilot in the early 1970's. As an observer, Jesse Shannon, reported in 2005:
I was one of the two army mechanics attending the Goodyear School on this aircraft. I was stationed at Ft. Rucker Alabama with the U.S. Army Aviation Test Board. I witnessed the crash at Wingfoot Lake, Acron Ohio. "Pug" Wallace was the Army Aviator killed. What happened was that the aircraft was in a descending turn when one of the control cables under the wing came off the pulley and got wedged in the pulley bracket. This locked the stick and the turn just kept on getting tighter until one of the wings folded up over the prop and got chopped up. With the wings flapping because of loss of air, one of the aluminum wing tip skids hit the pilot alongside the head (marks on his helmet proved that). I saw Wallace come out over the nose of the aircraft and fall into the shallow lake. His cute never opened. When we got to him, he was bleeding from the ears and nose. The other Army mechanic was Sam Hess and the other Army Aviator was Lt. Elton. "Pug" and I were having a few beers the night before. He left a wife and at least one child. The project was canceled. There was a two place InflatoPlane that we all would take a ride in after the class graduation. It never got to that.
Given those realities and difficulties, the project was finally cancelled in 1973. A few Inflatoplanes were presented to museums, including the US Army Aviation Museum in Fort Rucker, Alabama; the Patuxent River Naval Air Museum in Patuxent, Maryland; the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. The aircraft below is on display in the Patuxent River Naval Air Museum.
At about the same time that Goodyear thought up the Inflatoplane, the M. L. Aviation Company in Britain developed its Utility Mark I inflatable aircraft (the link is to a PDF file, so if you don't already have it, you'll need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view it). This was originally conceived as a reconnaissance and communications aircraft for company-size formations of the British Army. It would be towed behind a vehicle, its undercarriage and underslung 'gondola' serving as a trailer, and inflated as needed using an electrical or engine-driven pump. It was rather too large and heavy to be air-dropped in a rescue role, like the Inflatoplane.
Development began in 1955, under a contract from the Ministry of Supply. The first M.L. Utility Mark I had a 35hp. engine, upgraded to a Walter Mikron III engine, derated to 38½hp, in the second prototype. The engine was mounted in the rear of an underslung wooden gondola, in pusher configuration. The pilot and passenger sat in the front of the gondola.
The second prototype cruised at 50 mph, with a maximum speed of 58 mph. Its endurance at cruising speed was 2½ hours. It could carry a total of 400 pounds, typically comprising a pilot and passenger. The wingspan was 35 feet, with a length of just over 23 feet, and it stood 10½ feet tall. The wing was inflated to only ½ psi pressure. An electrical air pump in the gondola could be used as needed to reinflate it.
The first prototype was tested in 1956, and the second in 1957. The latter reached altitudes of about 700 feet, and was stable enough for its purpose.
However, the advent of helicopters to support ground formations meant that the need for the Utility disappeared, and it was not developed further.
This marked the end of development of fully-inflatable aircraft, as far as I've been able to discover: but it also marked the start of something rather interesting, that has continued to this day. The use of a conventional airframe with inflatable wings has been the subject of much research, and is today under consideration not only for Earth-bound aircraft, particularly small remotely operated vehicles, but even for aircraft to fly on other planets!
The first inflatable-wing project to arouse interest was produced by Daniel Perkins, an engineer at the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Cardington, UK. He was trying to produce a human-powered aircraft, part of the worldwide interest in such things in the 1950's and 1960's. In the mid-1950's he produced his first inflatable wing. It spanned 27 feet, weighed only 38 pounds, and had a wing area of 250 square feet. He also tried to produce fully pneumatic airframes, although these were less successful.
His most promising effort, named the Reluctant Phoenix, first flew in an old airship hangar on July 18th, 1966. It was limited to short hops, due to its high power requirement (all provided by human muscle), but nevertheless made a total of 97 ground-effect flights in the hangar (i.e. flying just above the ground, on the 'cushion' of air produced by forward motion, but unable to climb further). Its longest flight was 420 feet, at a maximum altitude of less than 2 feet above the ground. All flights were conducted inside the 800-foot-long airship hangar.
The aircraft was a delta flying-wing with a wingspan of 31 feet and an empty weight of 39 pounds. The envelope of the wing was made of polyurethane-coated nylon fabric. Reluctant Phoenix could be folded away and transported in the back of a small station wagon. It also survived many crashes without requiring repairs, as the aircraft merely bounced when it hit the ground - shades of Taylor McDaniel in the 1930's!
Perkins gave up after Reluctant Phoenix, and after his death the aircraft passed to another enthusiast, Frederick To. He immediately recognized the potential of the design, and set about producing an updated successor. His Phoenix used an inflatable wing, the prototype of which (with a 20-foot span) is shown below.
The size of the aircraft grew too large for the inflatable wing to support its own weight, so plywood 'riblets' were added. The aircraft was tested and flown in London's Docklands in March 1982, with the longest flights lasting about 20 seconds.
In the 1970's, ILC Dover, Inc. developed the Apteron unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with inflatable wings.
It had a 5.1-foot wingspan and weighed 7 pounds. It was successfully test-flown using a ½ hp motor, controlled remotely via elevons on the trailing edge of the wing. It was not developed into a production model.
Tests were also conducted for the US Air Force to see whether inflatable fins could be used on conventional bombs to improve their glide range and guidance, whilst minimizing their radar signature and overall size. The Air Force Research Laboratory at Eglin AFB, Florida, conducted the Weapons Integration and Design Technology Program in the 1970's and 1980's. Inflatable stabilization fin prototypes were produced for 250-pound and 500-pound bombs, and were deployed at altitudes ranging from 300 to 25,000 feet and at up to low supersonic speeds. A carbon dioxide gas generator inflated them in less than 150 milliseconds to a pressure of 200 psi.
ILC Dover continued to experiment with inflatable wings during the 1980's and 1990's. One version was built to test whether a UAV could be made small enough to fit inside a cannon shell. It was intended to be fired from long range, and deployed in mid-air to conduct reconnaissance missions, reporting back to its control station by radio. An ingenious stowage system for inflatable wings was developed and successfully tested in the laboratory. The two pictures below show the wing system in folded and inflated form, without a fuselage.
The next two pictures show how the wings would be folded inside a cylindrical fuselage, which in turn would fit into an artillery shell. The wings are folded in the first picture, and extended in the second. A 10:1 deployed-to-packed-volume ratio was achieved, which is pretty remarkable.
This concept was not pursued further at the time, although it's rumored that it may be attracting renewed interest from certain sectors today.
Another concept pursued during the 1980's and 1990's was the possibility of 'rigidizing' inflatable wings. This could be accomplished in two ways. One would be to coat the fibers of the wing material with an ultra-violet-sensitive material, which would harden upon exposure to ultra-violet rays from sunlight. The wing would be inflated using air pressure, and would then harden over several minutes, becoming stiff enough that inflation was no longer required to allow it to maintain its shape. The second approach was to coat the wing fibers with a similar material, but one that would be hardened by another chemical reagent, released with the gas into the wing. Both approaches were tested in various laboratory experiments, and both worked. Investigations are continuing.
The use of inflatable wings for UAV's became more and more interesting to more and more companies with the increasing use of UAV's by all branches of the US armed forces. The same is probably true in Europe and elsewhere, although I've not been able to find many sources of information online about their efforts.
In 2001, NASA's research center at Dryden flight-tested the I2000 micro-UAV, which was launched from a larger UAV 'mother ship'.
After being dropped by the 'mother ship', the I2000 deployed two inflatable wings, with a combined span of over five feet. They were inflated from a pressurized nitrogen tank on board the I2000. Inflation took only about a second.
After inflation, the I2000 successfully glided down to earth under remote control. Three successful tests were conducted, proving that the basic concept was sound.
Such wings are under consideration for numerous UAV projects, but most of the details are shrouded in secrecy, so there's little information in the public domain. One that has been discussed in some detail is the so-called 'Loitering Electronic Warfare Killer' study program. The link is to a subscription-only resource, but the LEWK is described as follows:
An even more ambitious UAV-based SEAD program, however, is already underway: the Loitering Electronic Warfare Killer (LEWK) advanced-technology concept demonstrator (ACTD), a program involving all four US military services (with the Air Force serving as the lead). Begun in 2001, the LEWK ACTD seeks to develop a UAV with the ability to deliver precision-guided munitions - in this case, BLU-108 sensor-fuzed weapons - and provide a jamming capability to augment the EA-6B Prowler, all at a unit cost of about $100,000. For the ACTD, the LEWK will be deployed from a CH-53 helicopter, but the plan is to eventually get the UAV certified on a fighter aircraft. The idea is to have LEWKs, pre-programmed with target points as determined by the enemy's electronic order of battle, carried into a threat zone by a manned aircraft and released. The LEWKs would then fly in close to their targets for stand-in jamming and fly pre-programmed egress routes to a recovery point upon completion of the mission. In addition, the LEWK would provide an additional capability to strike time-critical targets that may pop up in the area. "If there's a time-critical target out there and we can meet the rules of engagement by employing the BLU-108s, we'll do that," said Col John Wilcox, US Air Force.
Again, the benefit to employing a UAV for this type of mission is the aircraft's persistence. "Putting a LEWK on a fighter that goes in at 500 knots and dropping it allows the LEWK to use all its fuel on station, rather than traveling to and from the site of interest," Wilcox said. The flight from Mazar-e-Sharif, for example, would take an average UAV three hours. The LEWK, Wilcox pointed out, gets there more quickly and can loiter longer.
But the LEWK ACTD is even more ambitious. Although the initial flights under the program have focused on controlling a single LEWK, Wilcox said, "We plan to have a swarm of LEWKs. We want to have one pilot and 50 LEWKs." Employing a swarm of UAVs, though, presents some challenges. Deploying the swarm requires a lot more carriage capacity than a fighter possesses, so a rack has been developed that could carry 18 LEWKs, with designs in place for a rack that could carry as many as 24. Controlling the swarm poses yet another challenge. The pilot, he said, could be anywhere - in a ground-control station, in an EA-6B - so long as he's got the laptop-based control system and a datalink. But Wilcox explained that the swarm concept is still a little way off. "We're going to crawl before we walk and walk before we run," he said. "After we get through one guy controlling one LEWK, we'll probably go to one guy controlling two LEWKs, then one guy controlling six LEWKs and see where we go from there." This isn't so different from the way manned aircraft are handled, Wilcox noted. "A lot of times manned platforms abort, and we have to retask other fighters and bombers to pick up their targets. It would be the same thing with LEWKs," he said.
Clearly, if a fighter aircraft is to carry so many LEWK's, their size must be as small as possible commensurate with their mission. One early LEWK prototype, developed by SAIC, is shown below Notice the similarity of its wings to those tested by NASA on the I2000 UAV, as described above. Also, note that on a production vehicle, the undercarriage would not be necessary: it would be air-launched, and wouldn't need to land in the conventional sense.
Inflatable wings and control surfaces would be of great value on such a UAV, to reduce its size before deployment. It's understood that several studies are under way to achieve precisely that, but no further information has been released.
One area where detailed information is available is for an aircraft to fly on Mars. The University of Kentucky has been working with ILC Dover for the past six years to achieve this objective. The 'Big Blue' project has passed through several stages of development, including the deployment and test flight of an inflatable-wing aircraft, with 'rigidizing' wings, at altitudes well in excess of 90,000 feet. The culminating flight is scheduled for later this month, when all the elements will be put together and tested.
This fascinating project may be sent to Mars in the 2010-2011 time frame, if all goes well. The video below is long (about half an hour), but gives an excellent overview of the development of the Big Blue program through its various stages. Interesting viewing, if you have the time.
Finally, let's note that inflatable vehicles are already in space, and may form an important element of future space exploration. The Bigelow Aerospace Company has developed inflatable spacecraft, that are sent into orbit aboard conventional launch vehicles, then inflated to provide habitats for astronauts. Two such vehicles are already in orbit around the Earth. Genesis II is illustrated below.
They are protected against micro-meteorite strikes by ballistic fabric, the same as is used in bulletproof vests. There's been talk of an inflatable hotel in orbit, to be serviced by private spacecraft. This isn't a pipe-dream. With inflatable vehicles already successfully tested in orbit, and the growing competition to launch tourists into space, who knows where this might end up?
There's even talk of an inflatable surface habitat for use on the Moon or Mars, when astronauts need a surface base for a short-term exploration mission. Whilst these wouldn't be 'inflatable aircraft' as such, the technology already developed for inflatable aircraft, wings and orbital habitats would be crucial to their success.
So, inflatable aircraft go back much further than we'd expect, and are at the forefront of current developments in UAV technology. It'll be interesting to see how they develop in future.
Posted by Peter at 6/08/2008 02:18:00 PM Labels: Aircraft, Weekend Wings
Amazing. Thank-You for the post.
A very thorough article. However, I did notice one effort that wasn't mentioned.
For the past few years JP aerospace, based in southern California, have been working on inflatable aircraft that are meant to operate in the stratosphere. The have already launched dozens of prototype missions to altitudes in excess of 100,000 feet. They have plans for an airship, which inflates into a V-shaped wing configuration, that will service a permanent research station based in the stratosphere.
It's a fascinating project, one that I've been following for several years now. It will be interesting to see how far they can take some of these ideas.
I think it's really too bad that the inflatable "life boat" aircraft development was canceled. First, I agree that having to send an aircraft to drop the inflatable takes time, and the jungles of Vietnam were problematic when it comes to take of space. However, what about having the inflatable attached to the ejection seat? (or, for that matter, a "powered parachute" approach?) Imagine a pilot ejecting over Iraq, landing, and 5 minutes later safely flying away in his inflatable, while on the ground, hordes of turban wearing, foaming at the mouth Chihuahuas, er... sorry about that (LawDog's fault), I meant insurgents converging on the parachute only to watch the pilot safely fly away. Or, even better, while still on his parachute, start up a small engine strapped to his back and fly back home....
Sounds crazy, but I wonder if with proper research something like this couldn't be made to work....
Jack E. Hammond said...
The first rubber inflatable aircraft was flown in 1931. The link below is to a Popular Science archive showing a photo, drawing and the glider in flight. Note the tail section. Sorry for being so late with this comment. And thanks for all the others that brought all this information to light. Also it was revealed recently that the British M.L. Aviation inflatable wing of the 1950s was not for use at company level in the British Army but for the British intelligence service. They were used to take agents in and bring them back across the iron curtain. The aircraft flew high enough to be out of visual and audio range of ground observers at night and not be detected by radar. Whether it was used in that role was never stated.
Jack E. Hammond, Indiana USA
http://tinyurl.com/2arvfvq
I designed and constructed the inflatable aircraft "Phoenix" which you described above. There was no plywood reinforcements at all in the structure. The flight durations were typically over 1 minute and were only limited in time due to the length of the London Docks Lorry Park in which flights were carried out. Please amend you descriptions. Fred To ( Designer of Phoenix)
Nice try, but no cigar
Looking for Mr. or Ms. Right?
Another officer dies
Doofus Of The Day #43
What happened to the Four Rules?
Weekend Wings #22: The Berlin Airlift
A vegetative state may not be so vegetative any more
Now why hasn't anyone thought of this before?
Gay Pride weekend
Another of the world's worst jobs?
When the price of the gift isn't important
Human ovulation captured on camera
Congratulations to Lawdog!
Absolutely the worst music video I've ever seen!
The great stingray migration
An interesting development in aviation
Guns, the Constitution and the Supreme Court
Has anyone ever called this guy a SOB?
Global warming debunked - again
Brazilian prisons - havens for wealthy convicts?
Mexico out of control - more evidence?
An acrobatic crime
Of whisky, warfare and weapons of mass distraction
A novel way to relieve stress
Now that's an expensive ball!
Build your own font
Keeping warm the old-fashioned way
Weekend Wings #21: Whither The USAF?
A novel way to signal for help
Hybrid cars producing new problems
'Snail mail' taken to extremes!
Operation Barbarossa: June 22nd, 1941
Politicians and the price of gasoline
Ever heard of the 'Grail Movement'?
Homeopathy exposed as a fraud - again
The most expensive fire you'll ever see
They built a monument to WHAT???
Doofus Of The Day #37, #38, #39 and #40
A fascinating look at World War II
The reality behind the 'gay marriage' fuss
Geeks and dorks unite!
The dangers of 'energy drinks'
In Memoriam: Cyd Charisse
A balletic dash to freedom
Young criminals and how to punish them
Another ex-spousal horror story
Safely home
Soweto, 1976
Of former spouses, stalkers, and the cure for them
Busy day with bloggers
Playing a building???
A Swiss Army Knife like never before!
Red faces in the security department, I'd say!
Happy birthday to the teabag!
Do you polish it or launder it?
Things to remember when driving in Cyprus
When concern for the environment brings unexpected...
A novel way to promote tourism
Doofus Update
They made things to last in those days
Human creativity can still surprise me
A thought-provoking article and blog post
Roadrunner - from fringe to mainstream
I've been tagged
Keeping warm in the Antarctic winter? - updated
Oral sex isn't a safe alternative any more
Keep an eye on China's 'quake dams'
Hee-hee!
Internet 'snipers' face backlash
When liberal laws try to trump religious conscience
Oh, the nausea . . .
Nine meals from anarchy?
Congratulations to Tamara - one million visits!
A shootin' buddy begins blogging
What's it like to live under a police state?
On This Day: June 6th, 1944
Weird, but funny!
China's all-seeing eye - coming to America?
Dentists and hypnosis and lasers . . . oh, my!
Imaging radar coming of age?
Marriage annulled on the grounds of non-virginity
More fun with Lolcats
Another famous ship's grave discovered
Weekend Wings is delayed


text:
package com.jeeplus.blog.common.freemarker.directive.article;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.jeeplus.blog.controller.dto.BlogArticleDTO;
import com.jeeplus.blog.service.pub.impl.PubBlogServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import freemarker.core.Environment;
import freemarker.template.ObjectWrapper;
import freemarker.template.TemplateDirectiveBody;
import freemarker.template.TemplateDirectiveModel;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import freemarker.template.TemplateModel;
/**
 * 相似文章
 * @author kingschan
 *
 */
@Component("SimilarArticles")
public class SimilarArticlesDirective implements TemplateDirectiveModel {

	@Autowired
	private PubBlogServiceImpl blogService;
	@Override
	 public void execute(Environment env, @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") Map params, TemplateModel[] tm, TemplateDirectiveBody body) throws TemplateException, IOException {
		int limit =params.containsKey("limit")&&params.get("limit").toString().matches("\\d+")?Integer.valueOf(params.get("limit").toString()):10;
        String keyword=params.containsKey("keyword")?params.get("keyword").toString():"";//日期
        String website=params.containsKey("website")?params.get("website").toString():"";//网站
        List<BlogArticleDTO> lis = null;
		try {
			lis = blogService.similarArticles(website, keyword, limit);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
        env.setVariable("SimilarArticles", ObjectWrapper.DEFAULT_WRAPPER.wrap(lis));
        body.render(env.getOut());
	}

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Skip figure counter I have some problem with the counter of my figures. I added several figures, some of them with captions and some of them without captions. I want those figures with captions to be counted, the others should not increase the counter.
Somehow it sometimes work, sometimes it does not.
For example, apparently the following figure is being counted (since when I erase it, the following figures' counters are decreased by one):
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{chngcntr}
\usepackage{framed}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usetikzlibrary{fit,matrix}
\counterwithin{figure}{section}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{subfigure}[h]{0.3\textwidth}
\centering
\(u=\)
\tikz[baseline=(M.west)]{%
\node[matrix of math nodes,matrix anchor=west, ampersand replacement=\&]     (M) {%
~3 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
~-3 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
~0 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
};
\node[draw,fit=(M-1-1)(M-3-4),inner sep=-1pt] {};
},
\end{subfigure}%
~
\begin{subfigure}[h]{0.215\textwidth}
\centering
\(v=\)
\tikz[baseline=(M.west)]{%
\node[matrix of math nodes,matrix anchor=west, ampersand replacement=\&] (M) {%
~3 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
~0 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
~-3 \& 0 \&~ 0 \&~ 0\\
};
\node[draw,fit=(M-1-1)(M-3-4),inner sep=-1pt] {};
}
\end{subfigure}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

I guess the figure looks weird to some of you, I am not very good at writing Latex documents. But the main problem is the numbering for now.
Does the counter depend on the size of the figure?
Can I manually tell the program to skip counting a specific figure?

A: It's a feature of the subcaption package. When subfigure is used, the figure counter is stepped independently on whether \caption is used. More precisely, this is done if the caption is expected to be at the bottom, which is usual for figures. The reason is simple: the caption to a subfigure needs to know the number of the main figure caption, which however would only be generated later.
In this case, the \caption command will adjust things so that the counter is not stepped again.
I find it quite illogical to have a figure environment without a (main) caption, which is useful for the readers. It's also quite strange to have subfigures without subcaptions.
However, you don't need subfigure, unless you want to specify a subcaption. A subfigure environment is just a minipage under cover, plus the adjustments I mentioned before.
By the way, the [h] specifier is not a good one for subfigure: it accepts [t] or [b], like minipage, with the same meaning.
\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{subcaption}

\newcommand{\mockpicture}{\fbox{\rule{0pt}{1cm}\rule{2cm}{0pt}}}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[!htp]
\centering
NO CAPTION HERE

\medskip

\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\centering
\mockpicture
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}{0.3\textwidth}
\centering
\mockpicture
\end{minipage}

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!htp]
\centering

NO CAPTION HERE

\medskip

\mockpicture

\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!htp]
\centering

CAPTION HERE

\medskip

\mockpicture

\caption{A caption text}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

A: I had success with the following when I still wanted a caption but I didn't want it numbered:
\begin{figure}
\caption{A figure}
. . .
\end{figure}
. . .
\begin{figure}\ContinuedFloat
\caption{A non-numbered figure}
. . .
\end{figure}

A: The following is from another question No caption number for figures and tables. Hopefully you can get rid of the caption together with the labeling.
\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{caption}

\usepackage{graphicx}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=2cm]{figure}
\caption{Une figure.}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=2cm]{figure1}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Une figure.}
\end{figure}

\end{document}


"Home birth" means planned home birth. The process starts at home, but in those cases where a doctor's intervention is warranted, the mother is taken to a nearby hospital.
A planned home birth is attended by a qualified, certified midwife.
Q. Isn't hospital birth safer?
A. No. If you're a good candidate for home birth (and the majority of women are), then a planned, attended home birth is as safe, or safer, than a hospital birth.
Q. Come on, how can a hospital not be safer?
If you're giving birth and you're low-risk, then simply checking into a hospital greatly increases the likelihood of unnecessary interventions–pitocin drip, epidural, episiotomy, cesarean section, et al.–with no corresponding increase in safety for mother or baby.
I can also tell you this: my home is more sanitary (with respect to virulent infectious agents) than the cleanest hospital maternity ward .
Q. How do you know that home birth safe?
A. Evidence. Sara has searched through the medical literature, and every relevant study she has found has shown that home birth is as safe, or safer than, hospital birth. See references below.
Q. What if something goes wrong at home?
A. First of all, it's worth noting that in the majority of cases, nothing goes wrong. Expecting that things will go wrong just isn't rational. On the other hand, preparing for things that might go wrong, even if they're unlikely, is wise.
Certified nurse midwives are trained, equipped and experienced at solving the most common (and remember, "common" is relative) problems. They'll bring with them, into our home, oxygen, pitocin, resuscitation equipment, etc. Using instruments identical to those used in a hospital, they can stop hemorrhaging, perform an episiotomy, stitch tears, etc., as needed.
And, of course, a trained, experienced midwife will know if you need emergency intervention (e.g., cesarean), and in that case she will get you to the hospital and have the staff prepped and ready to receive you once you arrive.
mortality figures were the same for both groups.
A. I've heard and read lots of scary anecdotes about both home birth and hospital birth. At the end of the day, my decision is driven by evidence, not anecdote.
Q. Midwives?? Aren't obstetricians the experts at delivering babies?
Certified nurse midwives, on the other hand, are trained to handle healthy, normal births, including several types of non-drastic interventions. This is their expertise. They make sure that things are progressing properly, and know when to transfer you to the hospital if an obstetrician's expertise is indicated.
So, for example, electronic fetal monitoring confines women to bed, which may slow labor. Doctors may then give oxytocin, which increases pain, causing women to want an epidural. The epidural may slow labor or cause abnormal heart rate patterns, ending the cascade in a cesarean section for poor progress or fetal distress.
Q. But I had my child in a hospital, and we're both fine.
Q. If home birth is so good, how come more women don't choose it?
A. You can't choose something if you don't know it exists. Most of us in the U.S. (myself included) have been conditioned to go to a doctor when we get pregnant. I didn't know the first thing about home birth until 12 weeks into our pregnancy; and even then, I thought it sounded crazy. That is, until I read the evidence about home births and hospital births, and their respective pros and cons, and realized that home birth was a wonderful option for us.
In the U.S. today, midwife-attended births are on the fringe. Not so in other developed countries. Holland is probably the best example of a country with a high rate of midwifery (and home births) and an excellent, low mortality rate (lower than the U.S. rate).
Q. Should every pregnant woman have a planned home birth?
Q. I've read what you've written. But what if I still don't want a home birth?
A. Okay. An informed decision–either way–is a decision well made.
In the end, it's not the location of [a low-risk] birth that dictates how good the outcome will be; it's who's running the show. The people running the show in a hospital are well-intentioned, but much more likely to take unnecessary (and unpleasant) actions. Period.
 Outcomes of 11,788 planned home births attended by certified nurse-midwives. A retrospective descriptive study., J Nurse Midwifery. 1995 Nov-Dec;40(6):483-92.
 Responses to Home births or hospital? It's baby who knows best by Karen Robinson, The Sunday Times (UK), 29 August 1999.
This entry was posted by Ron on Thursday, January 17th, 2008 and is filed under Says Me. Use this RSS 2.0 feed to follow responses to this entry. You can leave a response below, or trackback from your own site.
Wow, this is an awesome summary of the issue. I sure wish I could have show my husband this when we were considering homebirth for baby #2. I was unable to capture the simplicity and logic of the issue- and you have done that very well.
What a resource for others looking into homebirth! Especially those that need help convincing a husband or partner. This is a great place to start…. Read this, keep an open mind, do your own research.
I had a hospital birth because I couldn't relieve my husbands anxiety over homebirth… and I wish I had had an article like this- it would have helped. I was fortunate to find an alternative I was comfortable with… otherwise I would have pushed him for the homebirth. But the environment I found for our birth is (sadly) extremely rare amid the hospital culture.
Homebirth is an extremely viable option. The only other good alternative is to create major change in hospital birth and culture– or in most cases, go in armed with information, support, and ready to demand respect for the birth experience that should be 'normal'. Birth should not be a battle, but so often, in a hospital a woman wanting a normal natural birth has to be ready to fight for that right, and those that are not prepared are often taken advantage of. That's how I felt my first birth experience went, and the 2nd time around I was much more aware of the choices and options I had.
Ron, this is a great summary of the question of the safety of home birth. I especially appreciate the references.
Birth is so mis-represented in the mass media (think of all those movies where the couple rushes to the hospital when the woman has the first contraction). Combined with the dislocation of the family and the fact that women are having fewer children than in the past, most people only have very limited exposure to what real birth is. Therefore they are highly susceptible to anecdotes, dramatizations, and scare tactics. Often these scare tactics are used by doctors to press their patients into complying with the interventions they recommend, but more often they are used by well meaning friends and family who just don't know better.
"Something could go wrong…" – well, yes, but something could go wrong at any point in your life and most people do not deal with that risk by living in a hospital. They go to the hospital once something is starting to go wrong.
There is a huge misconception that if you use a midwife as your primary carer that you cannot have access to a doctor. People who plan a home birth also prepare a backup plan, that includes what hospital to go to in an emergency and what doctor to call. In fact, in Australia, where some people live very far from medical services, midwives will advise against a planned home birth if there is no hospital nearby, recommending instead that women relocate near a hospital for the time around the baby's due date specifically because the midwives know that there are circumstances that require the intervention of a doctor and that they cannot responsibly do their jobs unless they make sure their patient is within reach of those services should they be necessary.
Many people think that obstetricians are trained to deliver babies, but that is actually not true. Midwives are trained to deliver babies (or "catch babies" as many prefer to say). Obstetricians are trained to deal with births where the mother or the baby are unwell. They are trained to deal with emergencies. They are trained to do surgery. When birth is not an emergency (which is largely the case) then they are unnecessary, but if you entrust your labor to an obstetrician rather than a midwife, then it is likely to be treated as if something is going wrong. When you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail. You have done a good job of documenting that above.
Furthermore, the method of dealing with emergencies is shifting more and more towards cesarean sections as doctors get less and less experience learning how to use forceps, vacuum extraction, and other age old techniques of coaxing babies down the birth canal. It is a common misconception that you can avoid the pain of childbirth by having a c-section. It is true that you may not feel labor pains, and you will almost certainly avoid tearing of the perineum or an episiotomy, but you will also endure major surgery, with risk of significant blood loss and infection, and a four to six week recovery period, all when you are required to provide round the clock care for your newborn baby. There is no doubt that the c-section is a valuable tool, but not one you want to endure unnecessarily. The New Yorker ran an interesting if slightly annoyingly celebratory article on the history of the c-section (apologies for all the adverbs there).
It is worth noting that most women remember their birth stories very clearly, and generally feel they did what they had to given how their bodies reacted to being pregnant, but often women are duped into believing they failed labor and their doctor saved them, when in fact often it is the contrary case of the doctor's actions creating medical complications that then need further medical intervention. Naomi Wolf's book Misconceptions provides a detailed analysis of how the medical profession has disempowered women and midwives in the US over the past century.
Finally, most births are attended by a midwife. The obstetrician whizzes in a few times for a few minutes while the mother is in labor and may be there for 20 minutes or so when the baby is actually born. The rest of the time it is midwives who are caring for the mother and helping her to progress the labor. If anything, having a doctor who expects you to respect that he is a very busy person interrupt this intimate and timeless experience creates tension when it is least appreciated. So avoid the tension, and the risks of intervention. Avoid the hospital rules (which neither of us has touched on – but are often used to force a woman into an intervention that she would otherwise decline). Have your baby at home.
Caveat: there are a large number of conditions that really do require specialist medical treatment in pregnancy. If you happen to have one of these (multiple gestation, diabetes, etc.) then home birth is probably not appropriate for you – the important thing is to determine which category you fall into (and it's not always straightforward).
One last thing: the mingling of the medical and insurance industries have colluded to make home birth more expensive to the mother than a hospital birth, even though the actual cost of a home birth is much lower. This acts as a disincentive to women who might otherwise consider home birth. By reducing the incidence of home birth, the industries have kept home birth on the fringes of people's consciousnesses, minimizing its ability to threaten the supposed supremacy of the medical industry.
1) cnms and cpms are not the same thing. if i chose a midwife (as i did for my second child) i would choose a CPM [Certified Professional Midwife] over a CNM [Certified Nurse Midwife] any day. a personal choice, but everyone should know that the name midwife doesn't always mean the same thing.
2) planned homebirth is not always attended by a midwife. for instance, i homebirth unassisted. my births are planned and safe.
3) twins and breech babies are often safely born at home. most DOCTORS do not know how to birth breech babies vaginally, it is true. but many, many, many an unnecessary cesarean has been given for both twins and breech babies. being at a hospital makes this almost inevitable. in many states you can find midwives who will help you deliver your breech or twins, or breech twins!
We intentionally left out unassisted homebirths, simply because all of our references and source studies were limited to homebirths attended by either a CPM or CNM. Thanks for pointing out that twins and breech can be safely delivered at home. In our particular situation, (I think) our midwife will deliver twins at home, but she won't do breech births at home – I think it varies by midwife? Thanks again!
One more thought – perhaps people think you're brave for facing all the people who would second guess your decision.
I found the link to this on mothering.com's message boards. I homebirthed my 2nd & 3rd children with a CNM attending.
Wonderfully worded article. I love to see this written from the father's perspective. One thought in response to comment #2, last paragraph. It appears at first glance that a hospital birth (after insurance) is less money out-of-pocket than a homebirth (if the homebirth isn't covered by insurance), but I have found this not to be the case for many women. I have seen women pay far more in the 10% insurance co-pay for the unnecessary (that is to say, preventable) hospital interventions, including epidurals, C-section, NICU stay, spinal tap on the baby, medicine for the "sick baby," Bili-lights for the jaundiced baby (due to epidural sleepiness & not being allowed to nurse early & often), etc. Had they known from the beginning how much that hospital stay would cost them, both monetarily and in unnecessary risk, pain, and suffering, they might have gladly pursued that very affordable homebirth, even if it were 100% out-of-pocket.
Incidentally, the insurance co-pay (our out-of-pocket pay) for my non-medicated, intervention-free, non-complicated vaginal hospital birth of my 1st child in 2002 cost about the same as a homebirth would cost 100% out-of-pocket, in my area ($2500-3500). Luckily, my homebirths were covered 80% by our insurance (would have been 90% but my MW was out of network) so my homebirths cost $600 out-of-pocket.
For what it's worth, we verified today that our medical insurance does cover home birth when attended by a certified midwife. Our midwife is out-of-network (are any midwives in-network?), which means we'll end up paying 30% (or about $1500) of the cost out-of-pocket.
In regards to the cost, my comments were based almost completely on my experience here in Australia, which I thought mirrored the US, but apparently US insurance companies are more enlightened than Australian ones are.
In Australia, if you receive private care from a midwife (i.e. care from a midwife that is not an employee of the hospital while you are a patient there) then you bear the entire cost. Medicare doesn't pay anything and health insurance (with few exceptions) doesn't pay anything.
In contrast, if you book into a public hospital for your care, which is overseen by doctors even if you have many of your pre-natal visits with midwives, then the government pays for everything. With my first child my only out of pocket costs were for my prescriptions and the parking.
I had a homebirth not to avoid medical care, but because homebirth provided me with *better* medical care. My midwife had 27 years of experience with all kinds of unusual circumstances (that would have been "emergencies" at a hospital), to say nothing of the confidence in natural birth that comes from attending hundreds. An obstetrician does not attend the labor, usually- s/he attends the "delivery." A midwife and doula are there for the whole process; this is what has been proven to make a concrete, biological difference in outcomes.
When I worked as a doula, I had one client whose doctor was late. The nurse assigned to her just happened also to be a homebirth midwife (who worked with my own). Unlike any other hospital birth I attended, the mother was comfortably seated on her husband's lap, the baby was guided out with only a small tear, and there was silence in the room. I looked up to see a horde of L&D nurses in the doorway, spellbound. They all rushed to the scene after hearing the nurse would handle the delivery; not one of them had ever seen a birth like that.
My midwife handled my friend's fourth birth, a footling breech in a birth pool at home. She called for emergency assistance (another common misconception is that midwives somehow do not know when to transport for medical intervention), but as the fire truck arrived, the baby was born. The firemen congratulated the family and took all the small children in the house for a ride on their truck. Renowned obstetrician Michel Odent says that the only way he will deliver a breech is if the woman is upright- in other words, there are techniques other than cesarean for delivering unusual presentations, if a practitioner is properly trained.
I am quickly becoming more and more educated about home births, thanks to a few message boards I am a part of, and a bit of research on the internet.
Both of my births were in the hospital, with not too much intervention, but I'm not so sure I would make it to the hospital the third time! (I'm not pregnant right now, but thinking of the future). I want to make sure I am totally ready for a home birth, and who knows, by then maybe I will have decided to go with a midwife. In Manitoba they are covered by health care, so I wouldn't pay a cent!
My first birth was quite traumatic for me, and I believe it was due to the Demerol that they gave me. I did ask for it, so it's not like it was their fault, but if I had known that I would only labour another hour or two til I was ready to push, I never would have taken anything.
With my second, I was already 7 centimeters dilated when I got to the hospital, and that was after only 1 hour of labour, so I knew I didn't have time for any intervention, which was totally fine by me! My second baby came into the world after 3 hours of labour and 10 minutes of pushing. I have an amazing family doctor though, who reminds me far more of a midwife. She knew to tell me to only give little pushes, and to let my body do most of the work. She calmly talked to me the whole time, holding my hand.
The one thing I would like to change is that for both births it was so intense that once I lay on the bed, I really couldn't move to get up again. I would like to try squating in a birthing pool. In our hospital, if you have a midwife assisted birth, you can use a pool, but a doctor assisted birth, you can't. So, I might have to do something about that!
Thanks for informing me even more. I'm going to continue my research.
It was great meeting you guys on Monday and I can't wait to hear about your birth!!
Update: We now have a wonderful son!
There were some complications(!), but the midwives handled them perfectly.
But I do now realize that there's one major disadvantage to a home birth: I never got to speed to the hospital without any regard for traffic laws. I can honestly say that I'd been looking forward to that for many years.
I am so envious of your beautiful homebirth… it would seem like the greatest dream to me to be able to give birth at home.
Sadly, my first daughter, on the 13th of May, 2003, died while I was laboring at home. I will never be able to not second guess whether being in a hospital could have saved her. Thus, I am now tied to the hospital, and technology is both my friend and a very effective tool for maintaining my mental health during birth.
However, I will add, that my two births that followed Charlotte's death were very independent, drug free (at least until the prolapsed cord was discovered at 10cm with my son) and very much guided by me. I feel fortunate to have access to a birthing center where mothers are always encouraged to take the upper hand and always get the last word in (at least if you are bossy like me!) It would be my hope that in the future women could be encouraged to take charge of their own births and not let hospital staff dictate the course of their births so as to draw in unnecessary complications.
I wrote about this on my blog a lot a while back, but really it comes down to this: once you become part of the babylost world, you have sympathy for those doctors: if you had the choice to maybe intervene and maybe save a baby's life, you should. Because having your baby die is an experience I would wish on no-one. I assure you pitocin, a c-section, or anything else you might be handed is better than waking up the day after you give birth to an empty womb, leaking breasts, and no baby to feed.
So, after that brief defense of hospitals and their staff, I do in all honesty congratulate you, and please know that I only wish I could have been so fortunate.
Editor's note: See Ron's response below.
I'd like to clarify a few things, because your comment may be taken by some readers as a backhanded argument against home birth.
I found your story in Mothering magazine, and from what I can tell, your baby died in the hospital, not at home; and it seems likely that she would have had the same sad fate even if you had planned on a hospital birth.
Carol, your story is moving, powerful and sad. In the end, though, I'm sure you'd agree that mothers-to-be should be driven by data, and not by anecdote. Your birth story is sad, and my home birth story is happy; but both are irrelevant to a pregnant woman who is deciding how to birth her child.
Thank you for posting and for furthering the discussion.
My first child was brought into the world by a 100% All-American unneCaesarean, after the usual hospital routines (including forced withholding of food) gave me a migraine, which somehow led to the decision to give me an epidural, and the rest was pretty much typical of what happens with a cascade of interventions. And I had a nurse-midwife!
My husband caught our third child in the bathtub five minutes before our midwife and doula arrived. That was easily my best birth.
We're expecting another baby in August, and planning to birth the baby at home again. Of course.


We Caker girls can't get enough of passionfruit at the moment so March's cake of the month is an ode to our current favourite! Our Passionfruit and Lemon cake, topped with passionfruit curd and crushed raspberry meringue is the perfect balance of sweet and tart.
The pinky purple crumble on top of these minicakes is the perfect finishing flourish and tastes as good as it looks. Since it's such a treat I thought I'd share the recipe with you all so you can make your own to eat straight or crumble over your latest creation.
Pre-heat oven to 220 degrees fan bake.
Line your baking tray with baking paper and sprinkle the sugar in an even layer. Pop in the oven for 4 minutes or until warm, but not melted.
Meanwhile, place your egg whites in your electric mixer. Start beating on high when your sugar is ready.
Take the sugar out of the oven and gradually add it to your egg whites. You want your meringue to become smooth, glossy and double in size.
When it has cooled in the mixer and is the desired consistency, beat in the fruit powder.
With a piping bag, pipe the meringues into 1 inch rounds (the perfect size if you want to crush them), and bake for about 1 hour at 110 degrees, or until crunchy.
Turn the oven off and leave them in the oven to dry out a bit longer, if you are wanting to crush them up, otherwise if you take them out they will still have a slightly chewy centre.
Crush onto your cakes for a burst of colour and flavour.


Generic Name: Arcalion (အာကလီယြန္) Brand Name(s): Generics only. No brands available.
Arcalion® (Sulbutiamine). http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono- 1285-sulbutiamine.aspx?activeingredientid=1285&activeingredientname=sulbutiamine. Accessed October 05, 2016.
Arcalion® (Sulbutiamine). http://www.mims.com/malaysia/drug/info/Arcalion%20200. Accessed October 05, 2016.
Arcalion® (Sulbutiamine). https://www.unitedpharmacies.com/Arcalion-Sulbutiamine.html. Accessed October 05, 2016.


text:
Crisis Communication: What should Tiger Woods say?
By Suzanne Spurgeon November 28, 2009
When does a minor traffic accident become major news? When the driver is one of the world's most famous athletes who is also the king of endorsements. Tiger Woods is experiencing a communication crisis and to date, has not done much communicating. After being released from the hospital, his spokesperson released a skimpy statement assuring everyone that Tiger is fine. But more than a day has passed and no further explanation has been offered by Woods. Unfortunately this leads to media speculation that may or may not be accurate. Was he arguing with his wife and drove off in a frenzy, ending in the traffic accident? Or was he racing to a drug store at 2AM in search of medicine for a sick child? Or??? There are many possible explanations. By not providing one in a timely manner, the Woods story is growing. Police want to question him and I'm sure the firms he reps have a few questions of their own. Woods' wife told authorities she broke out a car window with a golf club to rescue her husband. That does not sound "minor". When it comes to Crisis Communication, the first hours are the most important.
Whether you are a celebrity, a CEO or a small business owner, it is important to understand how media outlets operate. When a story of this nature breaks during a traditionally slow news cycle (the holidays), it automatically gets more air time. And, just because people are busying shopping and traveling, don't think they will miss the story. Producers will treat it as a breaking story even on Monday. After all, police still want to question Tiger. And there's still the question of whether he will play in the tournament next week And, once we hear the 911 tape, the story will really take on a life of its own. The speculation will continue until the media gets what it wants; Tiger Woods giving a first hand account of the accident and the events leading up to it. Woods and his wife may want to consider a joint interview with a "friendly" journalist. Or at the very least, a statement that clears up the mystery.


Problem: The St. Louis Missouri Metropolitan Sewer District owns and maintains 3,000 miles of stormwater sewers around the metropolitan area, and prior to 2012 had nearly 400 combined sewer overflows. Stormwater management and surface water quality in the city was poor and there were impending violations from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Missouri Coalition for the Environment. A consent decree was met and the Metropolitan Sewer District was obligated to spend nearly $7.5 billion on stormwater and surface water quality improvement projects. As part of this decree, they were chose to use compost-based bioretention systems for land disturbing activities that were one acre or larger.
Solution: St. Louis Compost brought in Filtrexx as a consultant to train the Metropolitan Sewer District on compost-based sustainable management practices (SMPs). The training included performance metrics and the supporting science behind these practices, how to understand and interpret lab reports, and developing compost-based bioretention specifications and engineering criteria requirements.
Success: This training lead to new standards in the St. Louis metro area. It ultimately lead to a large increase in interest in compost-based bioretention systems by the surrounding counties and municipal governments. This significantly increased the use of compost and allowed for St. Louis Compost to be the leading supplier for these applications in the metro area. The Metropolitan Sewer District moved forward in meeting critical consent decree obligations and goals with the EPA. Since 2012, nearly 2,700 bioretention systems have been installed in the region using an average of 750 cubic yards of compost per installation, totaling 2,025,000 cubic yards of compost. Additionally, the quality of the compost in the region increased as the Metropolitan Sewer District better understood specifics of compost quality while also greatly improving water quality across the metropolitan region.
Interested in working together on compost-based solutions for your city? Visit filtrexx.com for more information.


NASA scientists and engineers named their new CubeSat after the mythological Norse god of the dawn. Now, just days from launch, they are confident the shoebox-sized satellite Dellingr will live up to its name and inaugurate a new era for scientists wanting to use small, highly reliable satellites to carry out important, and in some cases, never-before-tried science.
Dellingr will study how the ionosphere, a region in Earth's upper atmosphere, interacts with the Sun. Before launch, Dellingr is required to visit to the Magnetic Test Facility at NASA Goddard to test the spacecraft's magnetometers - key instruments for measuring the direction and strength of the magnetic fields that surround Earth.
The spacecraft is scheduled to launch this August aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station where it will be deployed later into a low-Earth orbit.
Dellingr is purposely designed to be more reliable than more widely used CubeSat platforms and will gather data about the Sun's influence on Earth's upper atmospehre.
On Nov. 20, 2017, the Dellingr CubeSat was deployed from the International Space Station and released into a low-Earth orbit to monitor the Sun's impact on Earth's upper atmosphere.


Housed in the historic Keyser Building, Hotel RL invites travelers to explore Charm City's incredible curiosities. Located in the heart of downtown, our Inner Harbor hotel offers a laid-back atmosphere where travelers are free to lounge around, get work done, and enjoy great artisanal coffee. Our Baltimore hotel's lobby experience has been re-conceived from the ground up. Part café, part restaurant, part workspace, and lined with curated local art, the area is a free-flowing space bustling with locals and bold travelers. At the end of the day, our guest rooms are a relaxing, comfortable space where you can recharge for tomorrow's adventure.


It may have escaped my attention before, but lately I see a rather annoying red progress line in the top of the screen when playing the slideshow in Backlight2, newest version.
Can this be avoided? Please?
That must be new, I don't remember seeing it before.
There is a control to disable the progress bar in the Theater Vegas slideshow.
That's apparently something new in the latest version of Fancybox. I'll need to look into how we might offer options to disable or customize it. Thanks for bringing it to my attention.
I've just checked in options on this, which should appear in our next update.
- Enable/disable; disabled by default.


text:
Exhibition: Thirteen Ways of Looking
Q & A with Roma Piotrowska
Roma Piotrowska (right) with artist Phoebe Cummings during installation of her exhibition, Wolverhampton Art Gallery, 2020.
We speak to Roma Piotrowska, Curatorial Officer for Arts and Culture at the City of Wolverhampton Council about her role, Wolverhampton Art Gallery's collection and British Art Show 9.
Can you give us a little summary of what your job entails?
I am the Curatorial Officer for Arts and Culture at the City of Wolverhampton Council. My job involves coordinating and shaping the programme of exhibitions and events across Wolverhampton's cultural sites, including Wolverhampton Art Gallery (where I am based), Wolverhampton City Archives, Bantock House and Bilston Gallery. I spend most of my time working on the Gallery's exhibition programme.
What has it been like working with a collection?
Ikon Gallery (where I worked previously) does not have a collection, so I was keen to gain this kind of experience. I couldn't have dreamt of a more exciting collection to work with than Wolverhampton Art Gallery's. Our collection is vast, and part of our strategy is to link it closely to our contemporary programme, which excites me the most. Last year for example, we organised an exhibition of works by Keith Piper, which originated from the fact that we have two of his works in our collection.
In the 1960s the gallery started to amass a significant collection of Pop Art, including work by Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein and Richard Hamilton among others. We now have the largest collection of Pop Art outside of London. This remains a collecting priority. We also have a significant collection of work by Black British artists. Building on the social and political issues inherent in the Pop collection, the gallery chose to focus on art which responded to contemporary society, especially looking at the themes of gender, identity and conflict. All these themes have been important to me in relation to art since I started my first gallery job at Wyspa Institute of Art, Gdansk, Poland in 2005.
Image: Keith Piper, The Seven Rages of Man (1984), installation view, Keith Piper: Body Politics. Work from 1982-2007, Wolverhampton Art Gallery, 2019. Photograph: Elona Photography. Courtesy the artist and Museums Sheffield.
Do you have a favourite piece in the collection?
No, I don't really. It is very difficult for an art professional to have a favourite work of art. There are pieces that I am proud we have in the collection because they are by artists whose practice I follow and admire, for example works by Yinka Shonibare, Richard Billingham, Keith Piper, Gillian Wearing, Larissa Sansour and Siobhan Hapaska.
Sometimes items that may seem to be less interesting, become fascinating in the right context. We have for example a collection of memorabilia connected to Royal Weddings, which normally wouldn't be of my interest. We wanted to represent different stages of family life in relation to our Wolverhampton and Me exhibition, so we chose objects connected to Royal Weddings, such as stickers, commemorative beer bottles and 'Charles & Diana' brick. It was fascinating to learn more about those quirky objects and display them in a completely new context of an exhibition about family ties.
What are you working on at the moment? What are you looking forward to in the programme?
Before the Coronavirus outbreak we were working on our immediate programme but since the crisis started, the next few months are very much up in the air for us.
Very exciting and more in the future is British Art Show 9, which is planned to take place in Wolverhampton from February to May 2021. It is the most anticipated exhibition of cutting-edge contemporary art in Britain and it will be exhibited both at the Gallery and University of Wolverhampton. We are anticipating that the show will bring thousands of art-lovers to Wolverhampton from across the UK and beyond, putting our cultural offer firmly in the spotlight.
Find out more about Wolverhampton Arts and Culture here.
Digital Diaspora: The Midlands Covid-19 Project
Black Country Visual Arts (BCVA) and ReFramed are launching a new project to record Black, Asian and other minority ethnic communities experiences of COVID-19 across the Midlands.
Q&A with Aimee Millward on her Collaboration with Dudley Archives
Aimee Millward was a New Art West Midlands exhibitor in 2016 and has recently developed an exhibition in collaboration with Dudley Archives and Local History Centre titled Virtual Mirrors (Intersection of the Real and Unreal).
Ikon's Sheela Gowda exhibition reviewed in Frieze
Emilia Terracciano reviews Ikon's Sheela Gowda solo exhibition in Frieze magazine.
Submit event or opportunity Subscribe to our newsletter
About New Art West Midlands
New Art West Midlands
info@newartwestmidlands.co.uk
New Art West Midlands is funded by Arts Council England and we are hosted by our lead partner Birmingham City University. We are supported by our project partners Coventry University, University of Wolverhampton and University of Worcester. New Art West Midlands Exhibition 2017 is led by Birmingham Museums Trust with support from participating host venues. It is funded by Arts Council England alongside Birmingham City University, Coventry University, Hereford College of Arts, Staffordshire University, University of Wolverhampton and University of Worcester. New Art West Midlands Engine is led by The New Art Gallery Walsall. It is funded by Arts Council England, and delivered with support from Walsall Council and our programme partners.
© 2021 New Art West Midlands.
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We like to do our best to keep up with the latest DIY and home decor trends by continuously launching new products and colors that we think you're going to love. That's why we've decided to update and expand our standard color line!
Our new standard line will include 35 beautiful colors available in both our All-in-One Decor Paint and our Furniture and Home Decor Paint formulations. We've said goodbye to a few of the less popular colors and we're excited to be bringing back several of your favorites from our past limited edition lines!
Check out this new video we created to show off the new additions to our line.
To see our updated line with examples of what each color could look like on your next furniture painting project, come see the colors page on our website by clicking here. While you're there, be sure to order a hand-painted color card so you can see exactly what each of these colors looks like in person.
Be sure to stop by your local retailer to stock up on these new colors today, or find them in our online shop.
We hope you enjoy our new color selection and I can't wait to see what you'll create with these beautiful hues! LEAVE A COMMENT at the bottom of this post to tell us which color is your favorite!
Did you enjoy our video? Make sure to Subscribe to our channel to get access to all our videos!
I'm so glad you like them Faye! I can't wait to see what you'll create with these new colors.


text:
import { HttpClientTestingModule } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
import { inject, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { ContentSearchDialogConfigStrategyFactory } from '../../content-search-dialog/content-search-dialog-config-strategy-factory';
import { ContentSearchDialogService } from '../../content-search-dialog/content-search-dialog.service';
import { ContentsDialogConfigStrategyFactory } from '../../contents-dialog/contents-dialog-config-strategy-factory';
import { ContentsDialogService } from '../../contents-dialog/contents-dialog.service';
import { SharedModule } from '../../shared/shared.module';
import { AltoServiceStub } from '../../test/alto-service-stub';
import { ViewDialogConfigStrategyFactory } from '../../view-dialog/view-dialog-config-strategy-factory';
import { ViewDialogService } from '../../view-dialog/view-dialog.service';
import { AltoService } from '../alto-service/alto.service';
import { CanvasService } from '../canvas-service/canvas-service';
import { ClickService } from '../click-service/click.service';
import { FullscreenService } from '../fullscreen-service/fullscreen.service';
import { HighlightService } from '../highlight-service/highlight.service';
import { IiifContentSearchService } from '../iiif-content-search-service/iiif-content-search.service';
import { IiifManifestService } from '../iiif-manifest-service/iiif-manifest-service';
import { MimeViewerIntl } from '../intl';
import { MimeDomHelper } from '../mime-dom-helper';
import { MimeResizeService } from '../mime-resize-service/mime-resize.service';
import { ModeService } from '../mode-service/mode.service';
import { ContentSearchNavigationService } from '../navigation/content-search-navigation-service/content-search-navigation.service';
import { StyleService } from '../style-service/style.service';
import { ViewerLayoutService } from '../viewer-layout-service/viewer-layout-service';
import { ViewerService } from '../viewer-service/viewer.service';
import { AccessKeysService } from './access-keys.service';

describe('AccessKeysService', () => {
  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      imports: [SharedModule, HttpClientTestingModule],
      providers: [
        AccessKeysService,
        ViewerService,
        CanvasService,
        ContentSearchDialogService,
        ContentsDialogConfigStrategyFactory,
        ContentSearchDialogConfigStrategyFactory,
        ClickService,
        ModeService,
        IiifManifestService,
        ContentsDialogService,
        MimeViewerIntl,
        MimeDomHelper,
        FullscreenService,
        MimeResizeService,
        ViewerLayoutService,
        IiifContentSearchService,
        ContentSearchNavigationService,
        StyleService,
        HighlightService,
        ViewDialogService,
        ViewDialogConfigStrategyFactory,
        { provide: AltoService, useClass: AltoServiceStub },
      ],
    });
  });

  it('should be created', inject(
    [AccessKeysService],
    (service: AccessKeysService) => {
      expect(service).toBeTruthy();
    }
  ));
});


If you have or don't have a camera, you can use your iPhone or Android device to make videos.
Learn how to product quality audio for your videos. Plus discover which microphones are best when making videos.
WHAT CAMERAS ARE GOOD FOR YOUTUBE VIDEOS?
Discover our favorite cameras we use to create our videos as well as their purpose.
5 easy transitions you can do with your camera without any major editing.
B-roll is the extra footage captured to make your story you're telling better.
Learn how to create better videos to brand yourself and your business online.
As a Premium Member, you get access to the recorded training videos. But you also get access to the live training and Q&A webinars.
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Plus, you'll learn how to rank your videos on YouTube and other marketing strategies to get leads for your business.
Facebook groups are a wonderful place for you to ask questions, share your videos and results and meet other members online just like yourself.
Just like you're more likely to exercise with a gym partner, your odds of becoming a success are increased when you have help from other people with the same objective.
Are you ready to take your videos and business to the next level? In this private coaching session we'll uncover what methods, techniques & strategies will work best for your specific business & brand.