text:
Tagged: Hoyt Axton
1960s, Folk
We'll Sing in the Sunshine
First recorded (as "Sing in the Sunshine") by Hoyt Axton with The Sherwood Singers (1963)
Hit versions by Gale Garnett (US #4/MOR #1/AUS #10/NZ #1 1964), The Lancastrians (UK #44 1964), Helen Reddy (MOR #12 1978).
From the wiki: "'We'll Sing in the Sunshine' was written by Gale Garnett for her then-boyfriend, Hoyt Axton, and was first recorded in 1963 by Axton ('Joy to the World', 'No No Song') and The Sherwood Singers for the groups' 1963 album The Happy Song. Garnett recorded her own version a year later, scoring a US Top-10 hit and reaching #1 in her native New Zealand. The song went on to win the Grammy Award for Best Ethnic or Traditional Folk Recording in 1965.
"In the UK, 'We'll Sing in the Sunshine' was covered by The Lancastrians in a version featuring guitar work from both Jimmy Page and Big Jim Sullivan. Helen Reddy's 1978 cover, produced by Kim Fowley, was issued as a single. Although it reached #12 on the MOR music chart, Reddy's recording became the first lead single from a Reddy album to miss the Billboard Hot 100. Nonetheless, the song took on new life when Reddy sang the song on The Muppet Show while singing and dancing with Sopwith the Camel."
1960s, Rock
The Pusher
First recorded by Sparrow (1967).
Hit album version by Steppenwolf (1968).
Also recorded by Hoyt Axton (1971).
From the wiki: "'The Pusher' was written by Hoyt Axton ('Joy to the World', 'Never Been to Spain') after one of his friends died of a drug overdose. The song was one of the first to deal with harsh realities of drug use, and condemns 'the pusher' as a heartless criminal who is only after your money. It was made popular by the 1969 movie Easy Rider. 'The Pusher' was first recorded as a live performance at The Matrix in 1967 by Sparrow (pre-Steppenwolf moniker). But, according to organist Gordy McJohn, the group's history with the song began in 1966 when singer John Kay and Jerry Edmonton were late for a performance:
Nick and Mars and me started that long version of 'The Pusher'. John and Jerry's flight was late one night at the Avalon Ballroom, so we started and then we perfected it at the 'Arc' in Sausalito on New Year's Eve in 1966.
No No Song
Written and first recorded by Hoyt Axton (1974).
Hit version by Ringo Starr (US #3/CAN #1 1975).
From the wiki: "Ringo Starr's cover of Hoyt Axton's and David Jackson's 'No No Song' was included on Starr's 1974 album Goodnight Vienna. The song was released as a single in the US in January 1975, becoming a #1 hit in Canada and a #3 hit in the US. Harry Nilsson provided backing vocals."
1970s, Country
Pancho and Lefty
Written and first recorded by Townes Van Zandt (1972).
Also recorded by Emmylou Harris (1977), Hoyt Axton (1977).
Hit version by Willie Nelson & Merle Haggard (MOR #21/C&W #1/CAN #1 1983).
From the wiki: ""Pancho and Lefty" is a song written by country singer and songwriter Townes Van Zandt. Often considered his "most enduring and well-known song," Van Zandt first recorded it for his 1972 album, The Late Great Townes Van Zandt. Emmylou Harris then covered the song for her 1977 album, Luxury Liner. Also in 1977, Hoyt Axton recorded it on his album Snowblind Friend. The song became a #1 Country hit in 1983 when Merle Haggard and Willie Nelson adopted it as the title track of their duet album Pancho & Lefty. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western Songs of All Time.
Hit version by Three Dog Night (US #1 1971).
From the wiki: "'Joy to the World' was originally intended for use in The Happy Song, an animated film for children. The film never materialized. The story is told that while recording material for his first album with Capitol Records, the song's writer, Hoyt Axton, had to convince the label to let him record 'Joy to the World'. He had the tune, he said, but not all of the lyrics. Axton was encouraged by the engineers to sing nonsensical lyrics so that an arrangement could be built around the tune and he could later record 'real' lyrics.
"Axton recalls "Jeremiah' was an expedient of the time. I'd had the chorus for three months [but nothing else]. I took a drink of wine, leaned on the speaker, and said 'Jeremiah was a bullfrog.' It was meaningless. It was a temporary lyric.' (A member of Three Dog Night said he'd heard that the original lyric to the song was 'Jeremiah was a prophet' but 'no one liked that.')
Never Been to Spain
Hit versions by Three Dog Night (US #5/MOR #18/CAN #3/AUS #34 1972), Ronnie Sessions (C&W #34 1972).
Also recorded by Elvis Presley (1972).
From the wiki: "'Never Been to Spain' was written by Hoyt Axton ('Joy to the World','No No Song'), and was first recorded for and released on his 1971 LP Joy to the World. It would later be recorded later that same year by Three Dog Night, with Cory Wells on lead vocal, and was featured on the album, Harmony. Released as the second single from the album (after 'An Old Fashioned Love Song'), 'Never Been to Spain' peaked at #5 on the Billboard Hot 100, and #18 on the MOR chart in 1972.


text:
Q: Struggling with Differential Operators? I'm taking a basic linear algebra/Differential Equations class hybrid (weird right?), and we're currently learning about differential operators. Am I correct in saying that a differential operator is a linear transformation that maps a function to it's derivative n amount of times? So the operator ${D^{(3)}}(f)$ would map from the function f to it's third derivative? Then the book introduced L, which $L(f) = {a_0}{D^{(2)}}(f) + {a_1}D(f) + {a_2}(f)$ where the a's are functions. So is L just another differential operator that can be applied to a function?
Now to the actual book question. It gives me $L_1$ which is $(xD)$, and $L_2$ which is $(xD+1)$, and it wants me to find $L_1L_2$ and $L_2L_2$. Does it just want me to multiply them?

A: Little workaround about differential operators:
$$\begin{array}{l}
{L_1} = xD\\
{L_2} = xD + 1\\
{L_2} = {L_1} + 1\\
{L_2} \circ {L_1} = ({L_1} + 1) \circ {L_1}\\
{L_2} \circ {L_1}(f) = ({L_1} + 1)({L_1}(f))\\
 = ({L_1} + 1)(x \cdot D(f))\\
 = ({L_1}(x \cdot D(f)) + x \cdot D(f)\\
 = (xD)(x \cdot D(f) + x \cdot D(f)\\
 = x \cdot D(f) + {x^2} \cdot {D^{(2)}}(f) + x \cdot D(f)\\
 = {x^2} \cdot {D^{(2)}}(f) + 2x \cdot D(f)\\
 = ({x^2} \cdot {D^{(2)}} + 2x \cdot D)(f)\\
{L_2}{L_1} = {x^2} \cdot {D^{(2)}} + 2x \cdot D\\
\\
{L_2}{L_1} = {L_1}^2 + {L_1} = xD \circ xD + xD = xD + {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + xD = {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + 2xD\\
{L_1}{L_2} = {L_1}^2 + {L_1} = xD \circ xD + xD = xD + {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + xD = {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + 2xD\\
\\
{L_2}{L_2} = ({L_1} + 1) \circ ({L_1} + 1)\\
 = {L_1}^2 + 2{L_1} + 1\\
 = xD \circ xD + 2xD + 1\\
 = xD + {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + 2xD + 1\\
 = {x^2}{D^{(2)}} + 3xD + 1
\end{array}$$

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"There are no large trees, those we saw being stunted in their growth, and of small size; we saw neither plants nor fruits. The soil is a dark loam of considerable depth, and, except on the beach, there is little or no sand: no animals were seen, but birds of the cockatoo, pheasant, and parrot tribe are abundant. There can be no doubt but that tropical fruits would grow most luxuriantly; and if the Albert River become ere long an important settlement, Sweer's Island must also be a place of much consequence. Fish are to be had in the greatest abundance, more especially codfish, weighing from seven to twenty pounds, and I see no good reason why a fishery of a remunerative character might not be established there.
"Captain Norman made a present today to the natives of Bentinck Island, which was very valuable to them i.e. the FIREFLY with two oars, in gratitude for which these black devils tried to spear him. At two o'clock we left this lonely part of the world, and steered first to Bountiful Island, which we reached at seven in the morning." (100) This account by Henne is somewhat enigmatic - the FIREFLY itself was abandoned in the Albert without ceremony, at a spot clearly shown in Surveyor George Phillips' field notes.
Dec, 6 - Ellis Read placed on-going advertisements on the front page of the 'Port Denison Times' to announce that he is establishing large stores at the Albert River.
The schooner MARGARET-AND-MARY arrives in the Albert bringing with it an epidemic known as 'Gulf Fever' - either malaria, yellow fever or typhoid. Within a few days virtually the entire crew was dead and in no time, around 100 persons were recorded to have died. (106) That the MARGARET-AND-MARY brought 'Gulf Fever' from Java is widely stated (e.g. Pike 1978) although the 'Port Denison Times' of January 17 states that the MARGARET-AND-MARY (Captain Smight) arrived in Bowen from Sydney on January 16 with one passenger - Mrs. Smight. She left "with a full general cargo for the Albert River consigned to Messr. J. O'Connor and Jas. Sutherland".
Landsborough arranged for the removal of most residents to Sweers Island aboard the MARGARET-AND-MARY. After watching the schooner weigh anchor, he and Earnest Henry depart for Sweers Island in the pilot boat accompanied by George "Phillips (the surveyor), Borthwick (sick) a coxswain, Spillings, a half-caste native of Canada, and a native of the west coast of Africa". (110) En route down the Albert River, they camped with J.G. Macdonald, who was pursuaded to accompany them to Sweers Island.
Apr. 29 - Ellis Read's advertisement for his stores on the front page of the 'Port Denison Times' first stated "Albert River and Sweer's Island".
Writing to the Minister for Lands and Works, Landsborough (120) reports that "I have the honor to state that as Mr. J.G. Macdonald has informed me this evening that he starts tomorrow for Port Denison and has kindly promised to take any letters thither I take the opportunity of writing a few lines to you..... By the same opportunity I send a letter to His Excellency the Governor explaining my reasons for forming a settlement at this place. And as you have no doubt heard how unhealthy the season has been on the mainland I hope you will approve of my having done so .... This place I believe will always be one of the most healthy stations as it gets a fresh seabreeze from whatever direction it blows. But under any circumstances there should be a settlement at this place as there is no place better situated for being the main sea port of Carpentaria ... The Honorable Colonial Secretary kindly promised to send me a house similar with the exception of a few improvements to that which was built for the settlement at Cape York but it has not arrived. I hope however you will send it to me as soon as an opportunity occurs. Also a watchhouse ... I will go as regularly and as often as I can to the main land. At present I have to have an extra man occasionally as I have only the pilot, the coxswain and the constable and two of the native police. These 5 men have had the fever and only one or two of them are fit far a days work. I hope however that you will give me authority to engage additional men .., I have only been a week here and the stores etc have not yet arrived, I expect them by the schooner MARGARET AND MARY which has left the township formed by Mr. J.G. Macdonald on the Albert River for this place ..."
May 29 - Landsborough provides a general report on the Sweers Island settlement to the Colonial Secretary in Brisbane. (123) He reports that "... almost everyone was sick in this region and that I had (a month ago), employed the schooner the MARGARET AND MARY that was leaving here for Sydney to transport on her way hither the pilot, the constable and their wives with Government stores to Sweer's Island. Such however, was the sickness on board the schooner that although drawing but six feet of water she has only now succeeded in reaching the landing that is situated six miles from this place. The pilot having remained on board several weeks and finding no probability of shifting and in addition being unable to render any assistance from sickness availed himself ... of the kind offer of Mr Macdonalds boat to transport himself and a number of other sick people to Sweer's Island. I regret to say that some of them were very weak. The pilots wife, Mrs Blakeney had to be carried on shore. Shortly after the arrival of the boat on the island, there was a squally night (a very unusual circumstance I believe for that region) and as it was not sufficiently moored it was driven on shore and received damage amounting to about ten pounds. It is my painful duty to report the death of Mrs Williams the wife of the Constable. She died on board the MARGARET AND MARY under very distressing circumstances having none but sick people to attend upon her. Her death struck people more as from her healthy blooming appearance a short time previously she was the last person of whom anyone would entertained any misgivings. She was much respected as she had kindly tended on many sick people. Her husband buried her at this place and is now very sick himself and cannot at present go with me to Sweer's Island.
From the pilot the coxwain and constable not having sent in their vouchers they have been without pay since leaving Brisbane. I have been unable to assist them in this matter since I came for in the hurry of leaving for Sweer's Island the package of stationary (and other things as well) was put on board the schooner unbroken. The flour that was sent by the schooner the POLICEMAN, for the constabulary and native police force was very much damaged on board. This is very unfortunate especially as the constabulary and native police are compelled to use it.
I believe that I am correct in stating that the whole of the surveyors party, the constabulary and the native police force without exception each have suffered more or less from the new settlement fever or from fever and ague. I however hope that although many of them are incapable for duty that none of them are dangerously ill. Among the residents on the Albert, sickness is still prevalent. Up to the present time as many as 27 cases have terminated fatally, which is calculated by one of the oldest residents to be one in every five! The people are still dying but there is every probability that there will be few fresh cases likely to terminate fatally. It is said that people are not now apt to catch any worse disorder than fever and ague but that I believe even is a horrible complaint more especially when there is no quinine or any other equally potent medicine to stay its progress. One would suppose that the country would be healthy now. The nights are delightfully cool, apparently more so than I have felt them at this season as far south as Rockhampton. The country is very dry, without hardly a wet swamp anywhere and hardly any mosquitoes have been seen for some months. Any residents that have spoken to me on the subject of the settlement of Sweer's Island approve of it as the depot for the supplying of the future townships of the mainland and speak of it as likely to be a great place eventually as it presents the only anchorage for vessel of any size in the Gulf.
I should therefore recommend that a township be at once surveyed there.
The people are also anxious that sites for townships should be fixed on the mainland. This I consider would be premature until Capt. Nares makes a survey of the rivers ... The residents in favour of having a township at this place that they have choosen say it is as healthy as any place within 50 miles on the mainland. I am not prepared to say that such is not the case at present. But I think there can be little doubt that such will not be the case when the country is stocked - which will soon be the case as this is one of the finest pastoral districts in Australia - again much of the sickness has its origin from the people and more generally using food that requires much colder air than we hitherto had and much harder work than we are inclined to take to enable us to digest it.
Until lately fresh meat could seldom be obtained, but I am glad to say that sheep can now be purchased - the price of the sheep like everything else here is very high. I purchased lately 25 at 18/- a head and they will cost me at least six shillings a head to get them taken at present to Sweer's Island.
Allow me to give you the price asked for certain stores. The most of which I have purchased at the following rates and have been even told that they have been sold to me for a less rate than that charged to the public. Salt beef - 5d a pound, Flour - 6d, Tea - 5/-, Sugar - 9d, Rice - 6d, Shelled peas - 1/-, Dried apple - 1/-, Negrohead Tobacco - 12/-, 2lb tins of carrots - 5/- each, Double width inferior cakes - 3/6 a yard, Blutcher boots - 17/6 a pair, Handsaws, inferior - 13/-. Other things not so commonly required at much decrease in rates.
Mr Wentworth Uhr is a very zealous officer and as his pay is very low for this region I have the honour to recommend that he should be promoted. The LILLY a small schooner has arrived, she is a tender of the ELLESMERE. Her Commander expects to meet the ELLESMERE in a few days at Sweer's Island.
As a result of the outbreak, Sweers Island replaces Burketown as the official government centre with all vessels trading to the Gulf region calling at Carnarvon, which was laid out and surveyed during 19th July to mid-August 1866 by the Engineer in Charge of Surveys. George Phillips.
Aug. 8 - Frederick Robert Mueller (alias Walters), a carpenter, died and was buried on Sweers Island of 'Typhus Fever', according to the informant T. Blakeney, Custom House Officer, Sweer's Island'. (128) On the death certificates of his two eldest children, his occupation is given as 'surveyor' and 'government surveyor'. (129) suggesting he was the assistant to Phillips in laying out Carnarvon.
Nov. - The schooner CAROLINE left Sweers Island for southern ports but was not seen again. (130) However, according to Pike (131) "the schooner CAROLINE left Burketown on 16 November 1866 with bales of wool, and ... did not reach Bowen until the 19th [January 1867], after a voyage of two months around the Gulf".
The names of many of the families associated with the settlement of Carnarvon are recorded on the 'Plan of Town of Carnarvon and Suburban Allotments - Sweers Island' the coloured original of which is in the Sunmap Cadastral Map Section. This survey map delineates the location of the 'Sweers Island' tree and the grave of Gunner Frost. It also reveals that Donald McLennan, the publican of Carnarvon whose gravestone dated 4 February 1876 still exists on Sweers Island, was one of the original settlers, having both a town lot and a 3 acre suburban allotment.
Jan. 1 - Henry Baker (140) was appointed as 'tidewaiter and locker' with the customs service, joining a coxwain and 2 boatmen under the sub-collector.
Nov. - Towns writes to purchase land on the Sweers Island to establish a permanent warehouse.
October 25 - An incident took place on the island in which shots were fired at several Bentinck Islanders presumed to be involved in stealing sheep and goats.
Feb. 4 - Donald McLennan, the licensed publican on the Island, dies of "liver complaint" and is buried at Carnarvon.


text:
Hotel Concorde Berlin Blog
Brasserie Lifestyle
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Breathtaking Anish Kapoor exhibition in Berlin
It's quite a coup for Berlin to be staging Anish Kapoor's new exhibition – he is, after all, one of the world's most famous and highly regarded sculptors, and he is a guaranteed draw, as his recent exhibitions at the Tate Modern's Turbine Hall and the Royal Academy in London have proved. But then Kapoor seems to appreciate this country's approach to, and support of, the arts. He was recently quoted in the Guardian newspaper as saying: "Germans have a rather healthy respect for the arts and artists. In Germany, it seems that the intellectual and aesthetic life are to be celebrated and are seen as part of a real and good education."
Artist's Studio, 2006 © Anish Kapoor / VG Bildkunst (Photo: Dave Morgan)
The show, at the Martin-Gropius-Bau near Potsdamer Platz, is Kapoor's first major exhibition in Berlin, and covers an astonishing 3000 square metres, the whole of the ground floor. Half of the 70 or so exhibits are brand new works, including the centre piece, Symphony for a Beloved Sun.
Anish Kapoor: The Death of Leviathan, at Martin-Gropius-Bau © Anish Kapoor / VG Bildkunst (Photo: Jens Ziehe)
Turner Prize-winner Kapoor was born in India, and moved to the UK in the 1970s. Over the decades he developed a style which pushes at the boundaries of art, incorporating natural and artificial materials to produce work which is both painting and sculpture. In the same way that his colourful, bold exhibition in the Turbine Hall provided a fascinating juxtaposition to that space's heavy, sombre industrial architecture, so the new show provides a provocative dissonance to the Marin-Gropius-Bau's elegant 19th century building.
Anish Kapoor at Martin-Gropius-Bau, 2013 © Anish Kapoor / VG Bildkunst (Photo: Jens Ziehe)
Clay, wax, mirrors, splattered red paint, metal girders, punctured walls, balloons, cannons and conveyor belts are among the many textures and objects that make the exhibition a unique and arresting experience. It is not so much a show that you simply see, but one you experience and take away with you.
Berlin seems like the perfect city to showcase Kapoor's work, both old and new. His art seems to suggest a search for identity, the exploration of unusual avenues of thought and context, and new forms deeply entrenched in history; all of which can be said of Berlin. Not that the artist would admit this was the case.
Anish Kapoor: Symphony for a Beloved Sun, at Martin-Gropius-Bau, 2013 © Anish Kapoor / VG Bildkunst (Photo: Jens Ziehe)
Although Kapoor has been quoted as saying, "I've nothing to say", with reference to what his works actually 'mean', it can be guaranteed that visitors to the Martin-Gropius-Bau museum will.
Anish Kapoor exhibition
Martin-Gropius-Bau Berlin
Niederkirchnerstraße 7, Mitte
until 24 November 2013
Tags: Anish Kapoor, Martin-Gropius-Bau Berlin
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text:
36 new COVID-19 cases including 27 from Chitwan reported
8 October, 2020 9:26 am
8 October 2020, Kathmandu
As many as 36 new coronavirus cases including 27 from Chitwan district have been reported in the country.
Out of 27 new cases confirmed during PCR tests at the laboratory of Bharatpur Hospital, 25 are from Chitwan while two others are from Nawalparasi (60-year-old man) and Doti (41-year-old man).
According to a press note issued by the hospital on Wednesday evening, 12 males and five females are from Bharatpur Metropolitan City.
Similarly, the new cases include two males and two females from Khairahani, one male from Rapti municipality, two males and one female from Ratnanagar, said Dr Nitu Adhikari, the head of COVID-19 laboratory.
Likewise, nine additional cases have been confirmed in Gandaki Pradesh. According to the Ministry of Social Development of Gandaki Pradesh, among those infected, eight are from Nawalpur and one from Lamjung.
Those infected in Gandaki Province are 21-year-old woman from Lamjung, Sundar Bazaar and four women and four men from Nawalpur.


On our drives into the northern and central reaches of the Confederacy, my father—a scrupulous person, slow, deliberate, rule-bound, reflective, melancholy, orderly (and all of this from birth)—would suddenly become adventurous. If there was a way to get to where we were going that was innovative or idiosyncratic or held out the promise of drama, or just gave him the chance to improvise and navigate that the road suggested by common sense and the Triple A map didn't offer, he'd be on it in a flash. When he heard—and he always heard—the words "back roads" in his head, his inborn caution vanished. Visions of horse farms and weathered barns with Mail Pouch chewing-tobacco signs stencilled and fading on their sides and big woods with little hollows where the people lived a life that had gone on long enough to look as if it had gone on forever clouded his brain and turned him away from his dharma-ridden self. In his crisp, musical Bangalore accent, he would say "Let us take the back roads" at some point in our trips, even though this was when the interstate-highway system was still an unelaborated sketch on the landscape, so, apart from the occasional few hours on a turnpike, most of the roads leading to our largely rural destinations could safely be called back roads. My mother eyed him with exasperation, but, in those days, when she was young and hadn't freed herself completely from inherited imperatives of wifely deference and was, besides, still daunted enough by America to keep her natural rebelliousness to herself, she usually gave in. I was in the back seat with my sister (a toddler, oblivious, often car-sick), nursing a flourishing skepticism about my parents' ability to negotiate the New World. I thought we'd get lost, and we did fifty per cent of the time, because the roads that looked straightforward on the map would turn out to have uncanny forks and folds and confusing crossroads. We would find ourselves on one or another of those wrong forks, and have to heave the car around or drive on, sometimes for miles and miles, until we came across a gas station or a store, where my father, embarrassed but still game, would ask for directions. If the people we were petitioning to set us straight were amazed or affronted by the sudden appearance in Arcadia of a family of East Indians—something unthinkable in those years—they didn't let on. Polite and prolix, they told us carefully what to do; and once, in Virginia, on a hot August day, when I was nine, a white-haired, wet-eyed old man gave me a cold eight-ounce bottle of Coca-Cola (I can still taste it) and took me out to the back of his antique store to show me a duck pond he had built—with, he said, his "own two hands"—which had a miniature artificial grotto and a miniature blue-washed water wheel being turned by an artificial waterfall.
Where were we going while we were getting lost on those long drives? We were going to Civil War battlefields. We were on our way to Manassas and Antietam and Chancellorsville; to Harper's Ferry, the MacLean house, Petersburg, and the Wilderness. We were rolling through the monotonous low-lying country between the Alleghenies and the Blue Ridge to Gettysburg, which we stopped at five times in the early and mid-sixties. We were pointing the nose of our 1960 two-tone coppertone Chevy three-speed station wagon—three-on-the-tree the transmission was nicknamed, because the gear shift was built into the steering column—in the direction of Vicksburg; though, to my father's bitter regret, we never quite made it to that sleepy river town, crucial to the canvas of the war he was painting in his head because its investiture and seizure by Grant in the summer of 1863—exactly a hundred and one years before we approached its vicinity—secured the length of the Mississippi for the Union and brought the defeat of the Confederacy almost to inevitability. We didn't get any farther than Shiloh on that trip, Shiloh of terrible memory. Whose memory, though? That is a question my father didn't, and still doesn't, ask, a question which, when lifted up and turned over in his mind, is found to be crawling on its underside with the things designed to excite his intellectual disgust—metaphysics, cultural, racial, and national identity, psychology, historicity. "It was interesting," he will say when I ask him what on earth he had been thinking. When pressed, he will counterattack and throw the burden of those vacant and interminable drives—with my mother mystified in the front and my sister car-sick in the rear—back on me. "We wanted you to learn American history"—though we never went to Faneuil Hall or Plymouth Rock or the Liberty Bell or Valley Forge or Colonial Williamsburg or Monticello or Fort Ticonderoga or Fallen Timbers or the Great Snake Mound, which is not far from Columbus, Ohio, where we were living through those years. And our explorations of Washington, D.C., hard by a lot of the battlefields we visited, were perfunctory, and mostly involved Ford's Theatre, Mrs. Greenhow, and the Lincoln Memorial.
It was always the War Between the States for my father. Dred Scott. Stoneman's cavalry. Mosby's rangers. Bloody Kansas. The affair of the Trent. The Monitor versus the Merrimac. He read and re-read Carl Sandburg's biography of Lincoln and "The Stillness at Appomattox" and "Andersonville." "The American Heritage Picture History of the Civil War," with its beautiful reproductions of chromolithographs and Winslow Homer oils, was a fixture on his night table. He collected battlefield brochures by the dozen. He knew the odd facts: Miss Laura Keene starred in "Our American Cousin" on Lincoln's fatal night; the Empress Carlota lived on, demented in Paris, until 1927. He knew the even facts, the awful facts: six hundred and fifty thousand dead in carnage up to that time never inflicted on humankind. He rehearsed the great battlefield eloquences: It is well that war is so terrible—we should grow too fond of it; We cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. By day, he was a physical chemist. By night, he was bivouacked with the Army of the Potomac. By day, he investigated the nature of the chemical bond—the three-electron bond; the partial ionic character of covalent bonds between unlike atoms; the hybridization of bond orbitals; hyperconjugation and fractional bonding in metals; clouds of electron probabilities along that mysterious border where the atomic and the molecular realms interpenetrate, where matter becomes number and number matter, revealed to him by infrared and nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy, electron-spin-resonance spectroscopy, absorption and emission spectra. Instruments other than the human eye have articulated the properties of light: it has a dual character, wave and quanta; it has different wavelengths. Newton, Herschel, Ritter, Young, Fraunhofer, Kirchhoff, Bunsen, Angstrom, Michelson, Bohr, Benoit, Fabry, Perot, Coblentz, and Raman are some of the people who have discovered these astonishing things. There exists light of wavelengths longer and shorter than the wavelengths of visible light. From discrete bands on either side of the tiny band of the electromagnetic spectrum that makes an impression on our retinas, light directed onto a sample compound of given thickness will make the atomic particles glow or will be swallowed up and leave a shadow. The glowing or the shadow (these are, of course, just metaphors) can be captured by spectroscopes (from the Latin for appearance, from the Greek for to see), in the form of spectra. These spectra my father brought home to work on at the kitchen table. He covered the graph paper on which they were captured in inky lines with mathematical runes in his firm, elegant script.
Hundreds of thousands of men throwing themselves against the merciless fire of a technology that had left the tactics of their officers far behind. The desperation. "Fundamental and astounding," Lincoln called it, meaning that even he had no words. The self moves beyond dread and terror and confronts its essential poverty and nakedness and isolation. This my father understood, too well and too immediately. The conflict was vivid to his moody, wordless fatalism, his sense, so strange in the bountiful Middle America of the early sixties, that all choices narrowed to one choice, which wasn't a choice at all but was construed as such by our incorrigible gift for deceiving ourselves into thinking we're free. The following, suitably edited to disguise their violence, were some of the bedside staples of my childhood's middle years: in the twilight of early May, a mistaken fusillade from his own men cuts down Stonewall Jackson, out scouting the enemy lines (Lee, my father says, will miss him at Gettysburg); the citizens of Cherbourg come down to the quays to watch the Alabama and the Kearsarge trading broadsides in the harbor (eventually, my father says, the captain of the Alabama will strike his colors and then throw himself overboard); Forrest's cavalry harasses the flanks, exploding out of the woods and forcing the Union soldiers to scatter across the deadfall and the scrub; in one half hour, after a blundering delay by the high command, Grant loses seven thousand men, dead or maimed. These stories had no interest for me when I was a kid. Their ontology was all wrong. Their being was continuous with the being around me. They took place in a terrain undifferentiated from the terrain we inhabited. The fields and woods were the same fields and woods we saw and knew, except for the fact that they were in Virginia or Tennessee. We knew people in Columbus whose great-grandfathers had been Union soldiers, which excited my father but, secretly, depressed me because of its quotidian lack of access to the different geographies where conflict and war, I thought, quite reasonably, should occur, places like the ones in the movies I loved—Ardennes ("Battleground"), medieval England ("The Adventures of Robin Hood"), or full fathom five in the Pacific Ocean ("Run Silent, Run Deep"). When my father walked me over battlefields, instructing me about unwavering lines and salients, I felt as heavy as mercury, inert, bored, baffled, as baffled as I was when, years before I had the requisite mathematical knowledge or skill, he sat me down and with excruciating patience explained the concept of a limit and the mysteries, stunning to me now but impossible then, of the fundamental theorem of calculus. I did, though, understand something in those excursions. I took something away. Something came along, prodigious as a revelation. I understood him, my father. I developed a precocious awareness of his difference. And I felt guilty about having seen him as he really was. I understood something about him that a son should probably not understand about a father, at least not at that age. The passage to America had, happily for him, thrown him free, but it had also stripped him down to his naked soul. Almost to this day, like the sons of Noah, I have longed to walk backward and cover up the nakedness, the drunkenness of his intellectual obsessions, his naked, unheard-of obsessions, irritably reaching after fact and reason to fold him back into motives less uncanny and more reminiscent. Occasionally in recent years, I have engaged him in the game of Twenty Questions with which he tends to deflect assaults on his privacy.
"Was it America, Dad? Was it because you liked America?
My parents didn't go on vacations when they were young in India before and after the Second World War. India hadn't yet experienced the benefits of industrialization. Time wasn't broken up into units that represented work and leisure. Rest for the body and the soul were found in the many religious festivals that dot the Indian lunar calendar, and that bear the stamp of a cyclical rural life and an ancient nature-worshipping religion: Sankranthi, in January, the rice-crop festival; Shivarathri, in February, when the males of Shaivite families fast all night in the temple, and Shiva, creator and destroyer, the embodiment in the Indian imagination of time itself, brushes against their inner life; Ugadi, in March, the new-year festival, which my mother's feast-loving family—like my father's from a Tamil-speaking community in Bangalore, a Kannada-speaking city, where the new year falls on a different day than in Tamil Nadu—would celebrate not once but twice; Ramanavami, in June, the birthday of Rama, famous in South India for its day- and nightlong music concerts; the birthday of Krishna in August, Gokulashtami, a long fast followed by a feast at midnight on the appointed day, the moment of Krishna's birth; Ganapathi, in early October, the festival of Ganesh—fat, affectionate, elephant-headed god who eases the passage from life to death; and, finally, in late October and early November, the dates determined by the phases of the moon, the two great harvest festivals—Navarathri, when for nine nights the grahas, the elements that make human life possible, among them earth, water, fire, the implements of the field, and the benisons of the cow, are given a grateful devotion; and Depavali, the festival of lights, dear to my mother's heart because when she was a girl her father, who was the chief engineer for Mysore state, would every year be invited with his family to the festivities at the rococo palace of the Wodeyar Maharajah of Mysore.
The closest my father ever got to the rococo palace of the Wodeyar Maharajah of Mysore was a brother-in-law of his who for a while owned a small bakery that sometimes supplied the royals with bread. This brother-in-law, the only source of income in my father's family after the death of my grandfather, decided one day to run off to Bombay with a young girl of his acquaintance, forcing my father's sister to move back to my grandmother's crowded, anxious household. When my mother rhapsodizes about the feast of Depavali at the palace, with its army of cooks, its spectacular illuminations and fireworks—or when she describes the great yearly darbar where her father, dressed, along with the other servants of the crown, in a black silk waistcoat and a turban, offered the prince a silver rupee as a token of his fealty, and was subsequently reëndowed with the same coin by that generous, far-sighted sovereign—my father can be counted on for a snort of derision. He is partial, though, to South Indian vegetarian cooking, and like all people who have been truly poor thinks of food as the ultimate wealth. So he fell in with my mother's desire to re-create at least some of the feasts of her youth. In those years, the only store in America that sold authentic Indian groceries was Kalustyan's, on Lexington Avenue, in Manhattan. From 1961 to 1968, we drove to New York every summer to shop there, staying with a physicist friend of our family who worked at Brookhaven National Laboratory, on Long Island. With the Chevy loaded down with supplies for a year—hundred-pound burlap sacks of rice, ten-pound bags of every kind of lentil and pulse, little vials of precious Kashmiri saffron, ginger roots in the dozens, crystals of camphor, tens of thousands of black mustard seeds, chilies, fresh and dried, fresh and dried coconut, coriander, seed and plant, peppercorns, rock candy, dried curry leaves, cardamom, fenugreek, asafetida, Japanese eggplants, and Chinese melons—we would drive back to Ohio. On the Pennsylvania Turnpike that first time, my father saw a sign pointing to Gettysburg. He decided to turn off and take a look, and liked what he saw. This was what set him off, the Aristotelian efficient cause. On each trip to New York after that, until my mother put a stop to it we would visit the battlefield. During one trip, we went to Gettysburg twice, on the way east and again on the way back west because he had seen in a bookstore in Manhattan a photograph of a Confederate sniper's nest built from rocks and wanted to find out if it had been preserved.
We were strange—doubly strange, because Indians are strange even in India, having been exiled from time and history by an overdeveloped, supersaturated civilization, and strange also because no one remotely resembling us had ever before lived where we lived. But I was the only person in my family beset and burdened by this strangeness. My parents were absorbed in the details of our material and spiritual survival—my mother, gregarious and active, was busy with her intense domestic arrangements; my father was either working on his spectra or bivouacked with the Army of the Potomac. But I was transfixed by our image reflected in the order that surrounded us. It was painful to look, but I couldn't tear myself away, and became trapped by what I saw us as in the mirror of our benign, distant, Protestant Midwestern world. I was like Shakespeare's liquid prisoner pent in walls of glass, and eventually had to ooze my way free through the cracks formed in that glass by the earthquakes of the nineteen-sixties. This confused us as a family, forced us to expend psychic resources we had always carefully husbanded, and made us all unhappy, especially my father, who had wanted me to climb up, climb up to his impossible level of concretion and discipline. I didn't come back to the Civil War for a long time. But then, slowly, peculiarly compelled, I did, watching the documentaries on public television and browsing in the history shelves of libraries and bookstores. I kept this resurrected interest secret from my father for years. One Thanksgiving in the mid-nineteen-nineties, though, when I thought I was safe, I mentioned that I'd recently read Shelby Foote's account of Gettysburg, and was surprised at how clearly I could visualize the battle, and see it unfold hour by hour. He didn't say much at the time. His response was delayed, and when it came it was calculated and massive. Three weeks later he sent me a Christmas present, a first edition of the two volumes of the "Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant." When I called to thank him, I told him that Gertrude Stein had had a high appreciation of the memoirs. He said that was good, and that he might read Stein (he never did). And then, with both of us recognizing that the long interregnum had finally ended, that we were stuck with each other, we got into it about Grant. Grant was fine until he became President, I said, but what a terrible President. The corruption! The railroads! This agitated him. It wasn't Grant's fault, he couldn't be held responsible for his corrupt companions. The Civil War had brought changes that no one could have encompassed, not even Lincoln. Look at how right he was about the Mexican war. Look at how he wrote those memoirs while he was dying of cancer, in order to provide for his wife. That alone was enough to wipe away the blemishes of his Administration. Grant was always impressive. His only fault was that he was too trusting. Grant, my father said, had requited himself. Grant, my father insisted before we hung up, was an underestimated man.


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ERIC'S NEW BOOK
Russia & ex-Soviet
Russia & ex-Soviet (Russian)
Europe, Canada & US
Culture & Religion
Peace & Socialism
Flying into the Egyptian revolution
Created: Friday, 04 February 2011 19:14
Written by Eric Walberg Эрик Вальберг/ Уолберг إيريك والبرغ
Waiting for my flight to Munich in Toronto, a voluble American my age struck up a conversation. Ed is an attorney from Atlanta with 7 kids -- 3 from his first marriage, 2 from his second wife's first marriage, and 2 from their marriage. "A typical American family these days," he said, meaning the mixed marriage rather than the number of kids. He launched unbidden into a scathing critique of the US, saying it was basically a basket case, becoming a totalitarian monster, and that he was looking for a place to move to with his family.
When I told him I was going to Cairo, he asked if Egypt was a good prospect. Considering it was in the midst of a revolution, I suggested he consider Cyprus as a better option. He was seriously considering Costa Rica. "I'm going to Poland to visit my son who got a computer design job. Couldn't get one in the US. Then on to Lithuania -- I was an adviser to the government there just before independence in 1990 to help them set up a stock exchange. Then on to St Petersburg to visit the Hermitage."
Ed is a member of a frequent flyers club and is always online with his ipod, snapping up incredibly cheap flights ($9 from Atlanta to Orlando) which must be last second sell-offs, as they literally last only seconds before disappearing into the internet void. He visited Cuba via Cancun last year and loves their health system. "You go into a hospital and someone comes and greets you and asks you warmly what ails you," he sighed, contrasting that with the reception at US hospitals which first ask "Are you insured?"
I asked Ed what he knew of Egypt's current turmoil. "There are mass demos calling for Mubarak's resignation," he said confidently. "And can you tell me," he added, "is it true that Mubarak had Sadat bumped off in '81?"
I was afraid that the plane would be overfull of Egyptians eager to return to partake in the historical uprising, but the EgyptAir plane was half empty -- the usual mix of tourists and Egyptians, watching "Inception" with Leonardo Dicaprio subtitled in Arabic (a confusing action movie). I slipped easily through customs in Cairo and climbed to Departures, having figured out that's where you find the precious white taxis with working meters, fated to return empty-handed downtown after delivering their fares. If you go out from Arrivals, you are met with various scams, microbus 'limos' which prevent the white taxis from picking up customers.
The driver Samir was delighted to have an unexpected passenger and I said "Congratulations", to which he said "God be with you" and smiled. He jovially suggested LE100, but I had noticed the meter running and suggested we abide by the law and a healthy tip and he acquiesced.
We proceeded through the post-apocalyptic scene of burning tires and clouds of tear gas, men, women and children desperately flagging us down for rides. This was Friday evening, the fourth day of the protests, when the hated Central Security police unleashed their full fury against the protesters before disappearing altogether -- probably mostly crawling into their holes, possible ordered down. We picked up one fellow going my way. Already it was past curfew -- 6pm to 7am, though he said taxis were exempt.
Back at home in Manial, the mood on the street and among friends was festive. The end of the dictatorship was anticipated eagerly. That night there were outbursts of looting, with the police gone.
The army was deployed Friday evening, and by Saturday, they were exhorting people to form their neighborhood committees. Right from the start, the people embraced the soldiers, kissed them, showered them with cigarettes and food, jumped up to have their pictures taken on their tanks, sprayed with "irhal ya mubarak" and "yasqut diktator".
People in each neighborhood formed their own vigilante committees of men and boys armed with sticks and knives. Some looters were caught and turned out to be plain clothes security forces, carrying their guns. This fact quickly spread and convinced any waverers of the venality of the Mubarak regime. Athlete and architect student Ahmed in the apartment just below me related excitedly yesterday how he and 10 others cornered a thief the previous night, who tried to run away. Little did the thief know that Ahmed is a track-and-field star, now carrying a club. Ahmed whacked him on the head and he and one accomplice were handed over to the army with their loot and car.
By Monday, the army spokesman announced on local TV that the army would not use force against the people, and would only fire on someone if he fired first.
Meanwhile, Mubarak refused to talk with the protesters or ElBaradei, who fully supported the protests and came at night to Tahirir Square to speak to them. Mubarak hurriedly appointed Omar Suleiman the head of intelligence as his first vice president in 30 years and an ex-air force chief Ahmed Shafiq as prime minister, but 'too little, too late'. Already, plans for the million man march were set for Wednesday 31 January and a permanent presence in Tahrir (Liberation) Square until the president resigns.
Western countries are all evacuating their nationals. I just realized the Canadian Embassy probably doesn't have my new mobile number and cannot reach me via internet as there is no internet. However, why anyone in their right mind would want to leave at such an exciting historic moment is beyond me. There is no security problem as long as you keep out of the line of fire. This is one of those fleeting moments of communism, when people rise above their pettiness. In Tahrir Square today, I was treated to a fresh sweet bun and later to a delicious orange. People were/ are reaching out, full of life, focused on a sense of justice and willing to sacrifice themselves to achieve it.
For them, for me, it's as if a new world is being born. Such moments are to be cherished once the humdrum everyday cares flood back in. Everyone you meet, you connect with in a new way, having shared this precious experience.
Eric Walberg
Receive email notifications when new articles by Eric Walberg are posted.
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Eric's latest book The Canada Israel Nexus is available here http://www.claritypress.com/WalbergIV.html
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and the Great Games is available here
Canadian Eric Walberg is known worldwide as a journalist specializing in the Middle East, Central Asia and Russia. A graduate of University of Toronto and Cambridge in economics, he has been writing on East-West relations since the 1980s.
He has lived in both the Soviet Union and Russia, and then Uzbekistan, as a UN adviser, writer, translator and lecturer. Presently a writer for the foremost Cairo newspaper, Al Ahram, he is also a regular contributor to Counterpunch, Dissident Voice, Global Research, Al-Jazeerah and Turkish Weekly, and is a commentator on Voice of the Cape radio.
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text:
Ella-June Henrard (Antwerpen, 4 juni 1993) is een Vlaams actrice.

In 2010 debuteerde ze als Deborah met de hoofdrol in Bo van regisseur Hans Herbots, de verfilming van het populaire jeugdboek Het engelenhuis van Dirk Bracke. Nadien werd ze gevraagd voor de roadfilm Portable Life, waarin ze aan de zijde van Rutger Hauer meespeelt. In 2011 had ze een rol in de Vlaamse langspeelfilm Noordzee, Texas. Ook speelde Henrard in één aflevering van de Nederlandse misdaadserie Seinpost Den Haag een gastrol.

In april 2011 startte ze met de opnames van de fictiereeks De Vijfhoek op één. In de maand juni 2011 was ze te zien als Lotte in Ella, een Vlaamse telenovela van VTM. In maart 2012 startte ze met de opnames van de fictiereeks Crème de la Crème op VTM.

Henrard speelde in 2013 Moniek Verheije in de Nederlandse film Hemel op aarde van Pieter Kuijpers. Hierin spelen ook bekende Nederlandse namen, zoals Huub Stapel en Jeroen van Koningsbrugge. Ook speelde ze in 2013 in de kinderserie Galaxy Park de rol van Kat.

In 2014 speelde ze ook in de korte introductiefilm voor Tomorrowland. In 2015 speelde ze in de film Boy 7 als Lara en als Mary Stuart in de film Michiel de Ruyter.

In 2017 speelt ze ook mee in de absurde comedyreeks Generatie B, ze speelt er de rol van Lisa. In die reeks doen onder andere Eva Binon, Jeroen Perceval en Jeroen Van der Ven mee.

Henrard studeerde aan de toneelacademie van Maastricht. Ze werd genomineerd voor het Gouden Kalf voor beste vrouwelijke bijrol in Boy 7.

Sinds 2021 speelt ze in de VTM-reeks Fair Trade.

Privé
Henrard had een tijdje een relatie met acteur Rik Verheye, die ze leerde kennen tijdens de opnames van de telenovela Ella. Het koppel liet in september 2013 weten uit elkaar te zijn. In 2019 was ze enkele maanden samen met acteur Kevin Janssens.

In 2017 meldde ze aan de preventieadviseur van de VRT een klacht over grensoverschrijdend gedrag door Bart De Pauw. Het parket stelde op eigen initiatief een strafonderzoek in, waarin Henrard zich vervolgens burgerlijke partij stelde.

Henrard woont in Antwerpen.

Filmografie

|-
|align="center"|2010||Ella||Lotte||
|-
|align="center"|2011||Seinpost Den Haag|| Jannie Vroom ||
|-
|align="center"|2012||De Vijfhoek||Wendy||
|-
|align="center"|2013||Crème de la Crème||Alexandra ||
|-
|align="center"|2013-2014||Galaxy Park||Kat||
|-
|align="center"|2015||Vermist||Ella Michiels||
|-
|align="center"|2017||Generatie B||Lisa|| Miniserie
|-
|align="center"|2017||It's showtime||Rebecca||
|-
|align="center"|2021||Fair Trade||Robin|| 2020: Streamz
|-
|align="center"|2021-heden||Mijn Slechtste Beste Vriendin ||Molly Herman|| Streamz & Play4 serie
|-
|align="center"|2021||Swanenburg||Eva Praal||
|-
|align="center"|2021||De Kraak||Ada Van Praet|| VTM & Streamz serie

|-
|align="center"|2010||Bo||Deborah||
|-
|align="center"|2011||Noordzee, Texas||Francoise||
|-
|align="center"|2011||Portable Life||Sea
|-
|align="center"|2013||Hemel op aarde||Moniek Verheije||
|-
|align="center"|2015||A Broken man||Louise||
|-
|align="center"|2015||Boy 7|| | Lara
|-
|align="center"|2015||Kommissar Marthaler - Ein allzu schönes Mädchen ||Manon Schumann
|-
|align="center"|2015||Michiel de Ruyter||Mary-Stuart||
|-
|align="center"|2015||Wat mannen willen||Maria||
|-
|align="center"|2016||Renesse||Emmanuelle||
|-
|align="center"|2017||Façades||Jonge Lucy||
|-
|align="center"|2019||Torpedo||Nadine||
|-

|}

Vlaams acteur

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Home Foreign Affairs Proposals From Gus Bilirakis to Help Greece's Military and Helping Victims of...
Proposals From Gus Bilirakis to Help Greece's Military and Helping Victims of Burn Pits Become Law
Kevin Derby
This week, U.S. Rep. Gus Bilirakis, R-Fla., highlighted two of his proposals that were signed into law as part of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA).
The House passed the measure on a 363-70 vote with 194 Republicans and 169 Democrats supporting it. Most of the opposition–51 members–came from the Democratic ranks and 19 Republicans joined them. The NDAA is $15 billion higher than what President Joe Biden requested.
Every member of the Florida delegation voted to pass the NDAA except U.S. Rep. Bill Posey, R-Fla.
The NDAA included the "U.S.-Greece Defense and Interparliamentary Partnership Act" which U.S. Sen. Bob Menendez, D-NJ, introduced in June with U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., as a co-sponsor. Over in the U.S. House, Bilirakis and U.S. Rep. Ted Deutch, D-Fla., the chairman of the U.S. House Middle East and North Africa Subcommittee, championed the proposal.
Looking to move Greece away from Russian-produced military equipment, the bill would allocate $1 million per year in International Military Education and Training (IMET) assistance for Greece each year through 2026. The bill would also expedite deliveries of military supplies to Greece, including F-35s. The bill also creates an "interparliamentary group among Cyprus, Greece, Israel and the United States to serve as the legislative component of the 3+1 process launched among the governments in March 2019"
"As a reliable NATO ally, Greece plays a critical role in promoting security and stability in the Eastern Mediterranean. The 200th anniversary of Greek independence reminds us of the long history of U.S.-Greece cooperation based on our shared commitment to democratic values, and we must continue building that cooperation in the years to come," Menendez said when he introduced the proposal. "In order to ensure that the Eastern Mediterranean remains secure, the U.S. must bolster its defense relationship with Greece by supporting Greece's efforts to modernize its armed forces. This legislation seeks to strengthen the bonds of friendship between the U.S. and Greece in order to advance our shared values, promote security cooperation, and support a secure Eastern Mediterranean for years to come."
"This bipartisan legislation will continue to enhance defense cooperation with Greece, a valued NATO ally," Rubio said. "By extending Foreign Military Assistance to Greece and establishing an inter parliamentary partnership with democratic countries in the Eastern Mediterranean, this legislation reaffirms our strong commitment to the region at a time when malign actors are working to undermine international security and stability."
"Over the last few years, the United States has strengthened and expanded our strategic security partnership with Greece and other eastern Mediterranean allies," Deutch said he introduced the bill. "We want to build on this mutually beneficial defense relationship by bolstering Greece's military capabilities and fostering interparliamentary engagement between the United States, Greece, Cyprus, and Israel. I'm proud to introduce this bill, which is a natural extension of the Eastern Mediterranean Security and Energy Partnership Act that Congressman Bilirakis and I introduced and passed last Congress."
Bilirakis weighed in on getting the bill included in the NDAA.
"Greece has consistently proven itself to be a reliable ally in the Eastern Mediterranean. This critical legislation bolsters Greece's efforts to modernize its armed forces, while strengthening our strategic partnership among our Hellenic partners. It also enables continued security cooperation to help facilitate enduring stability throughout the region," he said last month.
Bilirakis also noted the "Department of Defense (DOD) Burn Pits Health Provider Training Act" which "implements mandatory training for all DOD medical providers on the potential health effects of burn pits" and "will help ensure the early identification and treatment of health issues caused by burn pit exposure" was passed as part of the NDAA. U.S. Rep. Raul Ruiz, D-Calif., and Bilirakis championed that proposal. The two congressmen have been teaming up on bills concerning health issues from burn pits since 2018.
"I know my constituents expect me to get results. I'll continue working across the aisle to pass measures that will benefit my constituents, our community, and country," said Bilirakis this week.
With those two proposals over the finish line, Bilirakis has seen five of his bills become law in the past year while seven more of his bills cleared the House but have not passed the Senate yet.
The congressman's office noted the following of his bills also became law in the past year:
The TRANSPLANT Act -reauthorizes the C.W. Bill Young Cell Transplantation Program and the National Cord Blood Inventory. It will help tens of thousands of Americans of all ages who suffer with diseases like blood cancer, sickle cell anemia, inherited metabolic or immune system disorders and 70 otherwise fatal blood disorders.
The Protecting Moms Who Served Act – improves maternal health care for veterans
The FAIR Crash Tests Act – improves the federal government's vehicle safety testing practices, specifically those involving the use of crash test dummies.
Originally from Jacksonville, Kevin Derby is the editor of Florida Daily and covers politics across Florida. Reach Kevin at kevin.derby@floridadaily.com
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text:
The Great Accommodationist Dud
I watched the whole three hours streamed live on the conference website. It was about as exciting as watching paint dry except that drying paint doesn't make you angry. All four panelists managed to miss the point.
It wasn't until we got to the very last question that anyone grasped the important point; namely, that PZ Myers and Vic Stenger have very different goals than Chris Mooney and Genie Scott.
Chris and Genie want people like PZ and Vic to keep a lid on it because the Gnu Atheists are making their life more difficult. Tough. There's no reason why PZ and Vic (and the rest of us) have to share their goals just because they think they're more important than getting rid of religion.
And why did Vic and PZ allow Genie to get away with defining science as methodological naturalism?
I was very disappointed in everyone on the panel, and in the moderator.
Posted by Larry Moran at Friday, October 08, 2010
Labels: Atheism
setAD7 Friday, October 08, 2010 8:46:00 PM
I also watched all three hours and agree with you.
The moderator was awful, taking sides and promoting her books.
The panelists didn't really say anything noteworthy.
The guy that had the last word has a brilliant future ahead of him. His comment would have been a great start for the debate.
gillt Saturday, October 09, 2010 1:29:00 AM
Is there a way for us who didn't tune in to see it after the fact?
MosesZD Saturday, October 09, 2010 7:33:00 AM
It was as insipid as you describe.
Aspirin Saturday, October 09, 2010 9:26:00 AM
From your description it seems it would be a waste of three hours for me, so I am going to pass
Anonymous Saturday, October 09, 2010 9:40:00 AM
I think the key point PZ made is an interesting and useful one, though: this is all about truth. That the main objection to religion is that its claims are false, and that falsehoods should not be propagated.
Christianity, happily, agrees. It's about truth.
Now, I can already hear theist keys being warmed up with some variation of 'what is truth, anyway?', and to that, I'd say:
OK. Go for it. Perhaps this is a way of discussing God in a way that cuts past the linguistic issues of proving something does or doesn't exist.
So ... what parts of the god hypothesis, as laid out in - say - the Bible are true? What parts do you consider to be false?
Not 'could be argued to be truth' - what do *you* understand to be true?
Adam and Eve. Only a moron would call it 'true' in the sense of it being an historical or scientific account. But does it contain any truth at all, and if so, what? Is there poetic truth, metaphorical or whatever?
Most Christians at this point roll their eyes and go 'oh, we're not creationists, you know'. I know.
It's an odd position - imagine if Constitutional lawyers rolled their eyes and said 'come on, no one takes the first page *literally*, it doesn't matter if you ignore the first four sections'. But ... it's a pragmatic position to hold.
But does it contain *any* truth, or can we all skip that bit?
Name a few things, or even one, about the Bible or God, as you understand them, you consider to be 'true'.
Again, this is a very simple task. We have to navigate and consider truths and falsehoods all the time. Humans are built to do it. Not always very well, but we don't freeze up or bang on about notions of truth if someone says: 'true or false, Paris is the capital of France?'.
And I, at least, don't want to challenge anyone. Say whatever you like. 'I believe it's true that God sent a she-bear to kill all those kids for mocking Isiah's baldness'. I won't say a word.
So: please just state something - or more than one thing - in the Bible, or about God, you consider to be true.
dogscratcher Saturday, October 09, 2010 10:04:00 AM
What is your problem with "methodological naturalism?"
A link to another post will be sufficient.
DEstlund Saturday, October 09, 2010 10:05:00 AM
LOL Mabus is spamming the world!
Badger3k Saturday, October 09, 2010 12:18:00 PM
I assume this will work here, but since DM (nice pic, btw) has bugged John Loftus, he used a script to keep his stench away (http://code.google.com/p/blogbanscript/). Might clear the air up a bit.
heleen Saturday, October 09, 2010 12:44:00 PM
There's no reason why Chris and Genie have to share PZ's and Vic's goals just because PZ and Vic think PZ's and Vic's goals of getting rid of religion more important than getting science properly taught.
Michael Fugate Saturday, October 09, 2010 4:39:00 PM
The goal of the NCSE seems akin to the trend in standardized testing - just replaced with standardized polling. If we keep asking the same poll question year after year and more people say they accept some sort of evolution, then victory can be claimed. Doesn't matter if they actually understand evolution, doesn't matter if they believe their supernatural being of choice helped evolution along the way, doesn't matter if they believe other things totally unsupported by evidence. Just accept evolution and all of out problems will be solved.
Marella Saturday, October 09, 2010 6:48:00 PM
I am not a fan of this format and there wasn't enough time for replies either. I am a great fan of PZ though and I think the question 'Is it TRUE' is the key one. I don't care what religion is good for (if anything), I care about the truth. It is NOT TRUE, and that's what really matters.
bad Jim Saturday, October 09, 2010 7:02:00 PM
Methodological naturalism is merely an observation about science, namely that its methods and conclusions are entirely naturalistic. It's not that supernatural methods are never employed, it's that they don't work; evidence for supernatural phenomena is lacking, and supernatural explanations have so far proven unnecessary.
That doesn't tell you very much about science, though.
Heleen says,
That's correct. So why are Chris and Genie being so critical of the Gnu Atheists? Why are they telling the Gnu Atheists to tone it down because they are hurting "the cause"?
It's an artificial and incorrect limitation on science. I maintain that science is a way of knowing requiring rational thought, evidence, and healthy skepticism. I do not accept that there are any questions that you cannot investigate using this way of knowing. That includes all claims of the supernatural.
Methodological Naturalism - How Not to Attack Intelligent Design Creationism
Is Evolution Guided or Unguided?
Accommodationism in Dover
Good News from Gent
NCSE v National Association of Biology Teachers
thegoodatheist Sunday, October 10, 2010 9:48:00 AM
Larry is still fighting to get rid of "methodological naturalism", as I can see. This will ultimately be settled by feats of strength I say!
Larry Moran Sunday, October 10, 2010 10:52:00 AM
thegoodatheist says,
I think the concept of "methodological naturalism" is flawed and I'd like to see it scrapped.
However, I accept that others have different opinions and the issue is controversial.
Where I really disagree with NCSE, and other groups, is that they deny the controversy. They present their position in favor of methodological naturalism as though it were an absolute fact that's accepted by all scientists and philosophers. That's a lie.
It's one thing to defend a particular position but it's quite another to deny the existence of contrary opinion.
Judge Jones was fed the NCSE propaganda during the Dover trial. There were no expert witnesses called to dispute the definition of science promoted by NCSE. It's no surprise that Judge Jones quoted extensively from the NCSE brief in his decision.
Now Genie Scott and her supporters declare that the court has defined what science is and what it isn't. Since when do judges and lawyers decide such things?
It's time for NCSE, AAAS, and NSF to stop deceiving the general public. What they should be saying is that there are many philosophers and scientists who believe that science and religion are separate ways of knowing but there are also many philosophers and scientists who believe that science and religion are incompatible. They should then go on to say that their organization does not take a position on this question because the issue hasn't been decided.
Anthony McCarthy Sunday, October 10, 2010 11:49:00 AM
Science can only discover things it was set up to discover through its specific methods. Thus by definition, everything outside this domain cannot be discovered by science.
Michael Fugate Sunday, October 10, 2010 12:21:00 PM
What is science and what is its domain?
Michael M Sunday, October 10, 2010 2:10:00 PM
Larry, con you demonstrate that science needs to be metaphicsically naturalistic in order to produce the knowledge about the world that it has produced up to this point?
Unknown Sunday, October 10, 2010 2:32:00 PM
Well, that's rather trivial and tautological. Any epistemic system can only ever acquire knowledge of those things it has domain over. The non-trivial issue of substance is what domain of knowledge is science missing out on, and how exactly is this domain covered by rival epistemologies like those put forth by religion?
I guess the standard example would be "morals" and "values," i.e. science does not have a way of assigning truth values to moral propositions like "it is wrong to murder," but naturally the followup is how does religious epistemology accomplish this? (This is even assuming that one can even say that a statement like "it is wrong to murder" can be regarded as "true" in the same way 2+2=4 is true).
Michael Fugate Sunday, October 10, 2010 6:16:00 PM
What do you think of this description of science?
A method to overcome the subjectivity of personal experience.
Larry Moran Sunday, October 10, 2010 7:56:00 PM
Micahel M asks,
The idea that naturalism is all there is comes as a logical conclusion from science as a way of knowing. The conclusion is not a requirement for doing science. It could have turned out differently.
Science could have discovered that there were such things as supernatural beings who transcend the laws of physics and chemistry.
The thing that's wrong with methodological naturalism as a restriction on science isn't that it's better than assuming physiological naturalism, it's that it prevents us from even investigating the possibility that science could lead to the conclusion of true naturalism.
The accomodationists and the theists don't even want us to use science to explore that possibility so they rule out the investigation by fiat. According to them, scientist aren't even allowed to address the question because some self-appointed referee will rule them out-of-bounds!
Anonymous Monday, October 11, 2010 7:30:00 AM
"the followup is how does religious epistemology accomplish this?"
Exactly. It's what I call the 'therefore: God' argument, and it runs 'there's a flaw in the scientific argument / logic, therefore: God'. There's never any explanation as to how 'God' explains it, let alone why there are somehow only two possible explanations.
'We don't understand consciousness, therefore: God'. 'While evolution is true, it doesn't explain how life started, therefore: God', 'science accounts for the beginning of the universe, except for the very first fraction of a picosecond, therefore: God'.
One of the reasons I'm an atheist is I find the God 'explanation' so dissatisfying, I do admit that. It just feels like *cheating*.
And part of that is that it's a non-explanation explanation. God did it - not why or how, or why didn't he do something that, on the face of it would have been a lot more simple to implement and caused a lot less suffering ... he just did it, and we wouldn't understand.
I don't understand how anyone could be happy with that answer.
Jud Monday, October 11, 2010 7:32:00 AM
Thought I would reproduce the longest relevant section of Judge Jones' opinion re 'methodological naturalism,' which does contain bits of what Larry objects to, but also, IMO, contains much he'd agree with:
Expert testimony reveals that since the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries, science has been limited to the search for natural causes to explain natural phenomena. (9:19-22 (Haught); 5:25-29 (Pennock); 1:62 (Miller)). This revolution entailed the rejection of the appeal to authority, and by extension, revelation, in favor of empirical evidence. (5:28 (Pennock)). Since that time
period, science has been a discipline in which testability, rather than any ecclesiastical authority or philosophical coherence, has been the measure of a scientific idea's worth. (9:21-22 (Haught); 1:63 (Miller)). In deliberately omitting theological or "ultimate" explanations for the existence or characteristics of the natural world, science does not consider issues of "meaning" and "purpose" in the world. (9:21 (Haught); 1:64, 87 (Miller)). While supernatural explanations may be important and have merit, they are not part of science. (3:103 (Miller); 9:19-20 (Haught)). This self-imposed convention of science, which limits inquiry to testable, natural explanations about the natural world, is referred to by philosophers as "methodological naturalism" and is sometimes known as the scientific method. (5:23, 29-30 (Pennock)). Methodological naturalism is a "ground rule" of science today which requires scientists to seek explanations in the world around us based
upon what we can observe, test, replicate, and verify. (1:59-64, 2:41-43 (Miller); 5:8, 23-30 (Pennock)).
The stuff about science having ground rules or self-imposed limitations, and supernatural explanations being 'important' but (by fiat?) not part of science: yep, all objected to by Larry (with good reason) in various posts and comments.
The bit about science not considering issues of 'meaning' and 'purpose' might also be considered objectionable, in that it again implies a self-imposed artificial limitation, rather than science having, in the words of Laplace, "no need of that hypothesis."
But the opinion's description of a quest for observable, testable, verifiable explanations rather than accepting arguments from authority, or on the basis of philosophical coherence, seems to me to be fairly close to a definition of science-as-a-way-of-knowing that Larry (and the rest of us) could live with.
"Science could have discovered that there were such things as supernatural beings"
It's been a one way process the other way: plenty of things we thought had supernatural origins don't. But it's more than that - in every case, things that looked 'directed': plagues and storms and earthquakes 'sent to punish those who angered the gods' have proved to be entirely untargeted, oblivious processes.
The people who argue for magisteria say that science should deal with 'how', not 'why' ... but those are 'why' questions. 'Why did that city get hit by an earthquake?' ... science has the answer. Just as pertinently, it also demonstrates that religion doesn't have an answer.
'Science can't answer "why" questions' misses two utterly fundamental points - 1) yes, in many cases it certainly can and 2) well, neither can you, matey.
It's as simple as this: 'science' here doesn't just mean the body of current knowledge, it means the scientific method. It means logic, maths and truth essentially. And the ancient Greeks settled it: logic, maths and truth are greater than the gods, because the gods are bound by them. 2+2=4. A god might be able to twiddle the dials to change the 2s into something else, but he can't get 2 to mean something else and still be 2. A God can't create something that simultaneously has the property of 'being red' and 'not being red'.
Or, if so, we can't make any claims about the gods. They would literally be nonsense, and you can't get sense from nonsense. And that would apply to theists just as much as atheists.
Larry Moran Monday, October 11, 2010 10:06:00 AM
Jud says,
I think its important to base your explanations on evidence rather than wishful thinking but that's not the same thing as insisting on explanations that are "observable," "testable," and "verifiable."
A lot of true science involves tentative explanations that are evidence-based but not necessarily observable, testable, and verifiable. The possible existence of a multiverse is a good example and so are possible explanations of the Cambrian explosion. I think Judge Jones is promoting a naive and incorrect view of science on all counts.
Now, I suppose you could concentrate on the "quest" part of Judge Jone's definition and claim that true science requires explanations that will be observable, testable, and verifiable in the future but this seems to be an unnecessary distinction.
I can't think of a definition of science that rules out the speculations of Doug Axe, Michael Behe, Francis Collins, and evolutionary psychology while allowing Gould to speculate about punctuated equilibria and species selection and allowing Richard Dawkins to promote the idea of selfish genes.
There are all "science" as far as I am concerned. Some of them are examples of BAD science (not naming names) but that not the same as saying they aren't science at all. That's where I think the Dover trial went off the rails.
Intelligent Design Creationism shouldn't be taught in school because it's BAD science not because it's NOT science. That's why it's not taught in Canadian schools and in the schools of all other countries that don't have laws against public finding of religious schools.
Anonymous Monday, October 11, 2010 10:06:00 AM
"not considering issues of 'meaning' and 'purpose' might also be considered objectionable, in that it again implies a self-imposed artificial limitation"
Yeah ... but how do you avoid it? In his new book, Hawking makes the self-evident point that you can have an entirely self-consistent, testable, coherent account of the creation of the universe without any reference to God. Does that cross the line?
When a scientist (or, indeed, any sane post-Enlightenment human being) explains that lightning strikes are entirely about how tall something is and how insulated it is, not whether someone has angered the gods, does that cross the line?
Evolution doesn't have 'purpose'. Once you understand that, you understand evolution. I admit that as an Arts grad, for the longest time I thought that evolution (which I have always believed in without wavering, and fuck the theists for making me have to clarify that in the year 2010) was about progress and that it was useful to talk about 'evolving into a giraffe' or whatever.
The point being: you can't *explain* evolution without touching on issues of purpose.
The problem between the religion/science divide and 'science doesn't have all the answers' is that it flatters religion. It makes it sound like there are just 100 answers in the world, and science only has 95, and religion, by default, must have the other 5.
Whereas it's more like religion thought it had 100 answers, all of which were 'God', 95 of which even they concede were wrong, 5 of which are still open questions.
The analogy is a student doing a quiz about Presidents who only needs to get one answer right to pass, and writes 'Lincoln' as every answer. And still scores 0, so complains about how the test didn't ask the right questions.
"Intelligent Design Creationism shouldn't be taught in school because it's BAD science not because it's NOT science."
As the British comedian Chris Addison puts it, teaching creationism in Science class is like teaching Narnia in Geography.
I don't think you can 'teach the controversy', but I do think that any theory is honed by challenge. I always believed eyes evolved, but I don't think I'd *understood* until I read Dawkins' explanation, and I don't think he'd have written it down except as a counterblast to creationists.
Although you'd need a climate in the US, as exists in the rest of the Western world, where a teacher can go 'the Bible is wrong'. And that's not the sort of climate change I believe in.
Jud Monday, October 11, 2010 11:28:00 AM
Larry writes: Now, I suppose you could concentrate on the "quest" part of Judge Jones' definition and claim that true science requires explanations that will be observable, testable, and verifiable in the future but this seems to be an unnecessary distinction.
I am not sure "observable, testable, and verifiable" are being used in Judge Jones' opinion the way you think they are.
Clearly, observable, testable and verifiable are not the same as presently observed, tested, and verified. Thus I think the plain words contain a "future" component insofar as they denote capability (possibility) rather than present fact.
I'm not aware of any reason in principle that possible explanations for the Cambrian explosion couldn't be scientifically tested, verified, and, depending on the candidate explanation, observed. On the other hand, multiverse and related 'landscape' theories have been subject to some discussion regarding whether they truly are scientific, because it may not be possible even in principle to observe, test, or verify them.
Intelligent Design Creationism shouldn't be taught in school because it's BAD science not because it's NOT science. That's why it's not taught in Canadian schools and in the schools of all other countries that don't have laws against public funding of religious schools.
ISTM the primary reason for the position of the NCSE and the expert witnesses in Kitzmiller is that currently the most effective means of ensuring the teaching of evolution isn't swamped by ID creationism in U.S. classrooms (to a greater degree than it already is) is to show ID is an attempt to pass off a religious story as a factual, scientifically tenable theory. This necessitates the attempt we see at drawing a bright definitional line between "science" and "religion."
As you've pointed out in many posts and comments, some of the implications of such a position (e.g., NOMA) are an unfair self-imposed intellectual handicap on science in any comparison of religion and science as ways of knowing. But query whether that's a price worth paying in U.S. courtrooms, leaving our foreign friends free to carry on a more unfettered discussion?
heleen Tuesday, October 12, 2010 7:43:00 AM
It's an artificial and incorrect limitation on science. I maintain that science is a way of knowing requiring rational thought, evidence, and healthy skepticism. I do not accept that there are any questions that you cannot investigate using this way of knowing. That includes all claims of the supernatural
What you posit here does not get you out of methodological naturalism.
Larry Moran Tuesday, October 12, 2010 10:45:00 AM
I don't need to "get out" of methodological naturalism since I was never in there to begin with.
Maybe you could explain your definition of methodological naturalism and why I should adhere to your definition?
What we're clearly discussing here is the form of methodological naturalism called Intrinsic Methodological Naturalism by Boudry et al. (2010). That view is the one popularized by accommodationists in order to separate science from moderate religious beliefs.
Here's the version promoted by the National Academies of Science (USA),
Because science is limited to explaining the natural world by means of natural processes,
it cannot use supernatural causation in its explanations. Similarly, science is
precluded from making statements about supernatural forces because these are outside
its provenance. (National Academy of Sciences 1998, p. 124)
Do you agree with the NAS that, as a scientist, I am precluded from investigating claims of the supernatural? What about claims of the paranormal? Do the rules of science preclude scientific investigation of claims of the paranormal?
Michael Fugate Tuesday, October 12, 2010 11:21:00 AM
The NAS statement presumes the supernatural exists. I don't think there is any good evidence that it does exist.


From our starting point near Niagara Falls, we went to a dockside bar in Montreal. Then drove on, to the ramparts of Quebec City, before heading to New Brunswick and St. Andrews. We fell in love with this place and one day, if we win the lottery, we're going back. For good. We went a lot further. Onwards, into Nova Scotia, Breton Island and the world famous Cabot Trail. But those parts of our journey, as well as the equally interesting return trip, are stories for another time.
St. Andrews is a small, isolated community, buried deep in the forests of New Brunswick at the end of a very long and very windy single lane road. It is accessible by sea, due to its location on the Bay of Fundy, which makes it a perfect fishing town and tourist destination for the adventurous. That's us, by the way.
As well as a small farmer's market, there are seasonal art galleries and antique stores. The usual tourist things. There are also enough hardware and grocery stores to get you through the harsh winters – be under no illusions, this is not a location for the faint of heart. New Brunswick has an average snowfall in excess of 90 inches (nearly 8 feet) per year. Eight. Feet.
The warmer seasons are amazing. The new life of Spring, as all that snow magically melts. The manageable Summers, with hiking and fishing but without sunstroke. The most fantastically beautiful Falls, when those thousands of acres of forests change the colour of the whole world.
And then, there are the locals. A hardy bunch. Being perched (pun intended) on the Atlantic coast, this is historically a fishing community. It is rightly said that the sea is a harsh mistress. Loss of life and hardship helps explain why this remains a deeply religious community, with more churches per capita than any other location I know. In, I may add, a far greater number of varieties than you may expect. Whatever your flavour, this place respects diversity. And faith.
Locals have a wicked sense of humour, but are without malice. If they like you, they mock you. So gently, you may not notice them doing it. They're sounding you out. If you don't notice, they go back to their day. You're just another tourist, a necessary evil. But if you do notice, and you take it in good humour, and you choose to gently mock them back… it's a dance. If they like your dancing, you may be offered a hand. Perhaps, even a drink. A quick one at the Red Herring? Sure. Let the fun begin.
Being on the Bay of Fundy, the tides are unlike any you have ever seen. Claiming the highest tides in the world, Fundy Bay is not the place to fall asleep on the beach in a deckchair. The bay is home to a huge variety of fish and other marine animals, including seal and whale. Also airborne. We saw Eagles. Actual Eagles. We even went out on a whale watching trip, sadly without seeing more than a distant fin.
On an older converted trawler we ventured across the choppy waves, in the company of like-minded adventurers and a party of school children on a class outing. They had pirate swords and eye patches (the children, that is), and all had a fantastic time despite the overcast weather. The antics of those children more than made up for the absence of whales. It was a wonderful day.
We were buzzed by a catamaran of high-speed tourists behind glass that could not possibly enjoy the sounds of the sea over those howling engines. Faster than us, dashing about at immense volume all over the ocean, I later learned (in the Red Herring) that they also did not see whales that day. Bonus. OK, colour me petty.
Trawling (pun again intended) through my photographs of that honeymoon brought back some great memories of twelve days on the road with my best friend and new bride, and inspired this article.
We averaged 6 hours per day cooped up in the car, just driving. Often more. I figure if we can survive that kind of environment, we should be good for the next couple of decades at least.
And so it is proving. I love you, my wife. I'm looking forward to spending the next however long we have, driving along together as we discover what is over the next hill.
Let's see where the road of life will take us. Life is good.


painting curtains with the sky.
barns - then houses in a row.
to the lives we cannot know.
I read the washing lines.
So many y-fronts, jeans and socks.
that only adults live in this neat, cosy box.
lively in the breeze. No trousers.
They flash into our orbit for a moment in a day.
then vanish on our careless way.


text:
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To make a hotel reservation at Four Winds New Buffalo or for more information on Four Winds New Buffalo, Four Winds Hartford®, Four Winds Dowagiac® or Four Winds South Bend®, please call 1 (866)-4WINDS1, (866) 494-6371 or visit www.fourwindscasino.com. Additionally, be sure to like Four Winds on Facebook at www.facebook.com/fourwindscasino and follow on Twitter at www.twitter.com/fourwindscasino for information on the latest offers and promotions.
About The Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians of Michigan and Indiana
The Pokagon Band of Potawatomi's sovereignty was reaffirmed under legislation signed into law by President Clinton in September of 1994. The Pokagon Band is dedicated to providing community development initiatives such as housing, education, family services, medical care and cultural preservation for its more than 5,900 citizens. The Pokagon Band's ten-county service area includes four counties in Southwestern Michigan and six in Northern Indiana. Its main administrative offices are located in Dowagiac, Mich., with a satellite office in South Bend, Ind. In 2007, it opened Four Winds Casino Resort in New Buffalo, Mich., followed by Four Winds Hartford in 2011, Four Winds Dowagiac in 2013 and Four Winds South Bend in January 2018. The Pokagon Band operates a variety of businesses via Mno-Bmadsen, its non-gaming investment enterprise. More information is available at www.pokagonband-nsn.gov, www.fourwindscasino.com and www.mno-bmadsen.com
About Four Winds New Buffalo's Silver Creek Event Center
Four Winds New Buffalo's Silver Creek Event Center is a modern, multi-use facility that is located adjacent to the casino floor, at 11111 Wilson Road. In addition to hosting concerts, the 17,000-sq. ft. event center is often reconfigured to host large meetings, special events, conferences, and banquets. Details on concerts and other performances at Silver Creek Event Center are available at https://fourwindscasino.com/newbuffalo/entertainment/event-center.
David Gutierrez, Dresner Corporate Services, (312)780-7204, dgutierrez@dresnerco.com


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