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Testimony to the NYC Council Committee on Housing and Buildings, and Subcommittee on Capital Grants Preliminary Budget Hearing for FY 2022
New Economy Project coordinates the Citywide Community Land Trust (CLT) Initiative, launched in FY2020 to strengthen and expand CLTs and permanently affordable housing, commercial and community spaces, across NYC. In less than two years, the Initiative has made major progress–helping to launch and expand CLTs in the South and Northwest Bronx, East Harlem and the Lower East Side, Jackson Heights, Brownsville, East New York, and beyond.
community land trusts cooperatives
Legislative Memo: "New York Public Banking Act"
This bill creates a safe and appropriate regulatory framework for local governments seeking to establish public banks. Public banks are financial institutions created by government entities, and accountable to the people. Through public banking, cities and counties can manage their own revenues and leverage those funds to support local economic development, including affordable housing, green jobs, equitable financial services, and more.
Testimony Before the NYC Council Committee on Housing and Buildings, Oversight Hearing on Community Land Trusts and Land Banks
NYC needs transformative, community-led solutions to our city's affordability crisis that advance racial equity and a just recovery. I am pleased to testify in support of Intro 1977, the Community Opportunity to Purchase Act (COPA), and Intro 118-A, to establish a municipal land bank. Passage of these bills will give communities–and the City, itself–new tools to keep New Yorkers safely housed, expand community land trusts and social housing, and curb speculation in the wake of COVID-19. We thank Council Member Rivera and Council Member Lander for their leadership and urge the Committee to advance this critical legislation.
Sign-On Letter Opposing the OCC's Proposed "Fair Access to Financial Services" Rule
The Center for Responsible Lending and the undersigned consumer, faith, community, and civil rights groups write to strongly oppose the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)'s proposal to unreasonably limit banks' ability to decide not to serve particular entities.
Testimony Before the NYC Council Committee on Finance, on Reauthorization of the NYC Tax Lien Sale
We urge the Council not to introduce legislation reauthorizing the tax lien sale, and work with community partners, including community land trusts (CLTs), to develop an alternative and equitable system to address property tax arrears and, when appropriate, property disposition. The City's practice of selling municipal debt to a private, investor-backed trust fuels speculation and displacement in Black and brown neighborhoods, siphoning wealth from communities disproportionately harmed by historic inequities like redlining and disinvestment, and now hardest hit by COVID-19…
Commodifying Our Communities: The Case for Abolishing NYC's Tax Lien Sale and Prioritizing CLTs in a New Tax Collection and Property Disposition System
This memo, prepared with partners at the New York City Community Land Initiative, City College of New York, and TakeRoot Justice, provides a brief introduction to CLTs and proposes alternatives to the lien sale that prioritize CLTs, in partnership with mission-driven, nonprofit developers, as both resources for vulnerable homeowners and recipients of foreclosed properties.
community land trusts financial justice
Letter to Mayor de Blasio and Speaker Johnson, Opposing Reauthorization of NYC's Lien Sale for Property Tax, Water and Other Municipal Debts
[Download PDF] November 18, 2020 NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio City Hall New York, NY 10007 NYC Council Speaker Corey Johnson City Hall New York, NY 10007 Re: Not Reauthorizing NYC Lien Sale for Property Tax, Water and Other Municipal Debts Dear NYC Mayor de Blasio and Council Speaker Johnson, We write to you today […]
Know Your Rights — Debt Collection
Know your rights under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, including how to recognize and fight back against debt collection abuse.
Know Your Rights — Defending Creditor Lawsuits
Know your rights when defending yourself against a creditor, debt buyer, or debt collector in civil court.
Know Your Rights — Credit Reports and Credit Scores
Learn how to order your free annual credit report, correct errors, and improve your credit report — legally and for free.


Are you looking for GED® testing locations in Burt NY? The GED® test is only offered in pencil and paper format. Typically to be able to take the examination the student must be at least 17 years old. The GED® examination fee in the state of New York varies from $40 to $90.
The exam covers five topics: reading, writing, mathematics, science and social studies. Each test awards a score between 200-800. Many states require students to get a score of 410 on each of the five tests and an overall average of 450 for the GED® exam to pass.


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China Only Allows People 18 to 59 to Take COVID-19 Vaccines
BY Frank Yue
Chinese-made COVID-19 vaccines have come under scrutiny after regulators approved the first one for general use on Dec. 31 last year. Several Chinese pharmaceutical companies are still conducting clinical trials for their products.
A contraindication is a symptom or condition that makes treatment risky and potentially inadvisable.
The central government recently issued a list of contraindications that apply to domestically-manufactured COVID-19 vaccines: 1) people with potential health risks and health issues, including pregnant or breast-feeding women, people with acute fever, infection, immunodeficiency disorder, serious liver or kidney diseases, resistant hypertension, complicated diabetes, and malignant tumors; 2) it restricted the eligible population to those who are 18 to 59 years old. The government recommended that inoculation be done with at least two doses, taken 14 days apart.
The Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention recently issued a notice specifically for CoronaVac, a new vaccine manufactured by state-run drugmaker Sinovac Biotech. The notice was also published in Chinese newspapers on Jan. 12, but the information was not broadly disseminated by the central government.
The Sinovac notice was a comprehensive list of contraindications or medical disclaimers for its COVID-19 vaccine, warning people with certain health conditions to take precautions.
Screenshot of a Sinovac document which shows a list of contraindications for its CoronaVac (COVID-19 vaccine). (Provided to The Epoch Times)
It advised that people who have a prior history of allergies, rhinitis, dermatitis, asthma, and other severe diseases should not take the vaccine. Severe adverse reactions to the vaccine include abdominal pain, skin eczema, urticaria, dyspnea, and angioedema.
The company also cautions those who have autoimmune diseases, bleeding disorders, progressive neurological diseases, and mental illness from taking the vaccine.
People who have undergone heart stent or bypass surgery; received any other vaccines within 14 days; or taken anti-allergic or antiviral drugs within the past three months are also advised not to take the vaccine.
Chinese authorities have rushed to vaccinate people since July 2020 under an emergency use policy for certain high-risk populations—which allowed the use of vaccines that hadn't completed clinical trials.
Brazil's health regulator recently found CoronaVac to be 50.4 percent effective, just enough to pass the 50 percent threshold set by the World Health Organization for regulatory approval. It was far lower than initial claims announced last week that touted a 78 percent efficacy rate.
The Brazilian government made a deal to purchase up to 100 million doses of CoronaVac.
As the potential health risks were only recently publicized in China, it is unclear whether Chinese citizens who took the vaccine fully learned about the contraindications beforehand.
Being a Single Mother and Entrepreneur
35 Halal Cafes & Restaurants in Singapore
10 Things Not To Miss at Jewel Changi
Project Awareness – Promoting Volunteerism in Singapore
Halal Korean Restaurants in Singapore to Break Fast At
Ethos Behind Koufu's Success
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PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIETY & CULTURE
Postmodernism's Far-Reaching Effects on Humanity
People and Society at A Crossroads – Part 3
Social Activism in Singapore: The Death Penalty and LGBTQ Rights
Has Cultural Marxism Spread to Singapore?
Are We Hoodwinked Into Sexual Promiscuity?
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The Homestead HOPE Foundation is dedicated to assisting seniors and their families with the decisions they face regarding senior housing by offering information, guidance and tools. Senior citizens have many choices when it comes to housing. Moving from the safety of one's own home to a new environment can be very scary and intimidating. The guidance, support and information that seniors and their families receive from our CONNECTIONS library, allow them to better navigate through this challenging process. We assist them with the identification and qualification of the housing options that best meet their needs.
Seniors in need of financial assistance have many options. There is a variety of financial assistance programs available based on several factors including past occupations, income levels and care needed at all three levels of housing options. An example of this might be the assistance of the Veteran's Administration Aid & Attendance Pension Program that pays for home health care, assisted living, and nursing home expenses. Surviving spouses also qualify.
The Homestead HOPE Foundation advocates and provides one-on-one consultation to explore these options, and connects them to experts in their related fields.


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Joe Biden Just Made a Powerful Statement on the State of Sexual Assault in the US
By Claire Lampen
Vice President Joe Biden is having none of Brock Turner's "alcohol made me assault her" excuses.
In a speech made at the White House's United State of Women Summit in Washington D.C., Biden clarified that sexual assault is "the abuse of power," that it is never the woman's fault and that "sex without consent is rape," period. His decades-long campaign against sexual violence, formally begun with 1994's Violence Against Women Act, will be won when women and men stop blaming women for rape and start to refuse to point the finger anywhere other than at the perpetrator.
"We will have succeeded when not a single woman who is violated ever, ever asks herself the question, 'What did I do?'" Biden continued. "We will have succeeded when not one man who raises a hand or takes a violent action against a woman is able to say with any credibility in his own mind, 'Well she deserved it.'"
Source: Mic/Getty Images
Ending sexual violence isn't "merely about changing the law and making it better," he explained, "it's about changing our culture." Reiterating the idea behind his It's On Us campaign, the vice president explained that it's every individual's duty to uphold "the basic moral principle that every single woman has a fundamental right to live her life free of violence."
"Ultimately," Biden said, "we have to give women and girls a greater voice, but that's not enough. They have to be assured that their voices will be heard."
Biden blasted "the appalling silence and indifference of the good people" that allows assault to happen, insisting that bystanders who see something and say nothing should consider themselves accomplices to sexual crime.
The vice president highlighted the necessity of bridging the gender respect gap. Equality can't be guaranteed, he said, as long as any group is dehumanized, both within the U.S. and around the world.
"This isn't just about freeing women," he said. "If we free women with the same opportunity, we free men, we free humanity."
Watch the full remarks below:


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Anthony Wayne Galloway
Born:  31 Jan 1835 in New York, NY
Died: 28 Nov 1901 in Waupaca Co., WI.
Father: Walter Galloway
Mother: Jane Eliza Dewey
John Dewey Galloway
James Galloway
Walter Galloway
Charles Galloway
Silas Pearsall Galloway
Sisters:
Jane Eliza Galloway
Mary Galloway
Married:  (1)  Alice H. Clark   New York, NY
Mary Eliza Galloway, born abt. 1860 in New York.
Married: (2) Fanny J. Rice  1873   Berlin, Green Lake Co.  WI
George E. Galloway born abt. 1875 in Berlin Green Lake Co., WI.
Enlisted as a Private, 3rd Independent Battery, Wisconsin Light Artillery on
September 26, 1861and was discharged at Madison, Wisconsin on July 4, 1865.
Loss of left eye was caused while in line of duty at Chattanooga, Tennessee.
More About ANTHONY WAYNE GALLOWAY:
Civil War1861-65: September 26, 1861, Private, 3rd Indpt Battery, Wisconsin
Light Art'y
Notes for ALICE H. CLARK:
Alice died but do not know date or place.
Marriage Notes for ANTHONY GALLOWAY and FANNY RICE:
Married by the Rev. E. N. Wright, she received a certificate of separation
sometime before May 4, 1898.
Child of ANTHONY GALLOWAY and ALICE CLARK is:
i.  MARY ELIZA6 GALLOWAY, m. UNKOWN HORLE.
Child of ANTHONY GALLOWAY and FANNY RICE is:
ii. GEORGE E.6 GALLOWAY, b. Berlin, Green Lake County, Wisconsin.
From: JanGalloway@aol.com
Subject: Anthony Wayne & John Dewey Galloway NY>WS>CA
Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2002 19:35:39 EST
"They Went South"
Page 52: Anthony Wayne Galloway, sergeant, a brother of John D. Galloway, was
born on January 31, 1835 in New York City. In 1849 he moved with parents to a
farm in Waushara County, where he assisted his father and brothers in
clearing and developing the land. Later he settled permanently in the village
of Berlin where he worked on a newspaper until he began studying medicine in
1860. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company E, 1st
Wisconsin Infantry Regiment, a ninety-day regiment. Sent to Virginia he took
part in the spirited skirmish at Falling Waters, the first engagement of
Wisconsin troops with Confederate forces, and then served the rest of his
term performing guard duty. Shortly after his discharge in August, 1861, he
re-enlisted in the Third Wisconsin Battery, Light Artillery, and was soon
promoted to sergeant. For some reason not readily apparent in the records,
Galloway was reduced to the rank of private in May, 1862. He remained with
the unit, however, and participated in the action at Stone River,
Chickamauga, and in the defenses around Chattanooga, where he sustained the
loss of his left eye. In the closing months of the war he served as a
messenger in the post quartermaster's office and was discharged on July 3,
1865. Galloway then worked as a salesman and from 1876 until 1886 he traveled
throughout the West. His last years were spent successively in the Veterans
Home at Marion, New Hampshire, the Wisconsin Veterans Home, Milwaukee; and
the Waupaca Veterans Home at King. He died on November 28, 1898. His grave
has not been located.


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Leadership Dilemma – What I Would Do
Yesterday I wrote the article on the Liberal Democrats sexual harassment issue which has been in the press for the last few days, and I asked what would you do, how would you handle it?
Today I am going to respond to how I would look to deal with this. I have included yesterdays post beneath my response if you want to refresh yourself on what the dilemma is.
As I see it Nick Clegg now finds himself in a pretty tough no win situation.
Lord Rennan sexual harassment allegations have been investigated and the recommendation is that the no further action should be taken, although the witnesses were found to be credible.
The ladies who made the allegations are unhappy with the outcome of the review, which found it would be difficult to prove that he broke the law, and they are now threatening to resign, or in some cases have already resigned from the party.
Whatever Nick Clegg is going to do he is going to offend or upset one party or the others, although at the moment he seems to be in the worst situation which is offending and upsetting both parties.
If I were in the situation, which looks like a lose-lose scenario whichever course of action we choose, I think there is only one action to follow and thats to follow your conscience and do what you believe to be the right thing. If you're going to be damned, at least be damned for something that you believe in.
Sexual harassment is something which should not be tolerated in any walk of life, and whilst there was not enough evidence to lead to a legal conviction, the witnesses were felt to be credible. And as Lord Rennard had been the CEO of Liberal Democrats I think he should have been much more conscious and sensitive in his behaviour, even if he only inadvertently offended the ladies, he should have known better.
He should have been a role model and clearly this wasn't the case. So I would look to remove him from his position, after having taken legal device on the best way to do this.
I would apologise myself for the situation we find ourselves in, one where it seem thats the internal procedures were inadequate to deal with it, and as leader of the party it's my responsibility to make sure that they are there.
I would initiate an immediate update of the policies to bring them in line with how the leading companies deal with sexual harassment so that we should be better placed going forward.
I would also make a clear statement, that I would be looking to ensure that the Liberal Party was a role model in these areas.
As the leader we are responsible for the culture of our organisations, and if we want to have one that is seen as modern, a safe environment for everyone where they feel respected and treated as equals, then we need to be the ones to set that tone.
Whilst I would probably be criticised for taking this action, especially when the investigation found no further action to be needed, but I'd would rather be criticised for something I felt strongly about.
As leaders people need to know what we stand for, and then they can choose to follow us or not, based on those principles.
I'd be interested to hear your thoughts on that.
Yesterday Post
I have been reading in the press, and listening on TV and radio, about the sexual harassment case that has been happening within the Liberal Party.
I am not 100% clear on all the facts, and I doubt that anyone will ever be, but I was very interested in the dilemma that Nick Clegg, Leader of the Liberal Party – and Deputy Prime Minister, now finds himself in, and I wondered how I would deal with it.
I will post my thoughts tomorrow, but before I did that I wanted to see and hear what other people think. I am not asking whether you believe there was a case of sexual harassment or not, but how would you now handle the fall out, and how would you move the party forward and with unity.
The situation is that Lord Rennard, a key member of the Liberal Party, was accused by 4 women members of the Liberal Party of sexual harassment. Lord Rennards membership was suspended whilst an investigation was carried out. The investigation found that, although the claims were credible, it would be impossible to prove them in court and that no further action should be taken.
There person carrying out the investigation said that Lord Rennard should at least apologise to the women, which is what they were looking for from him.
This was the peers response to that:
The peer regretted "any hurt, embarrassment or upset" he had inadvertently caused anyone. But he said: "I will not offer an apology to the four complainants. I do not believe people should be forced to say what they know they should not say, or do not mean."
He accused the Liberal Democrat leadership of treating him unfairly and said the party should have let the matter rest when an internal investigation by Alistair Webster QC concluded "no further action" was necessary. Full article
The complication here is that:
Whilst this cannot be proven in court, i.e. he wouldn't have been found guilty beyond reasonable doubt, if this had been in a company I am pretty sure that HR would have come out in favour of the women, and that Lord Rennards position would be untenable.
However, the finding was 'no further action should be taken' and because of this outcome Lord Rennard has been reinstated, which is an extremely unsatisfactory to the ladies involved.
This is now causing a major rift within the Liberal Party, of which only 11% are female, and many have either resigned or are threatening to resign and Nick Cleggs leadership is being called into question ahead of next years General Election.
So the question is what would you do?
The claim has been made,
the investigation has come back with no further action to be taken,
the claimants are now unhappy with the outcome and for more action and are looking to leave party if they don't get it,
the parties internal policies seem inadequate to handle this situation,
the defendant refuses to offer a full apology, i.e. plead guilty to something he doesn't believe he did, nor could it be proven that he did it.
There are many supporters, male and female, on both sides, and this issue has the potential to significantly weaken the parties already declining position, before next years election?
I am not asking whether you believe the claims are true or not, but what would you do to repair your leadership and try and heal this rift which threatens to tear the party apart?
I think it is a very interesting dilemma.
If you side with the peer you will alienate the women within the party, if you side with the peer you could find yourself facing legal actions as your own parties ruling was no further action need.
Let me know your thoughts I would be very interested to hear them.


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I really love the formula of the Barry M Gelly Hi-Shine Nail Paints. They are pretty tough and last very well. I have a serious problem with keep varnish on my nails for more than a couple of hours but these ones were pretty chip resistant! They are also really easy to apply. Although the formula is quite thick this means it actually means that one coat is enough. That, and there staying power, is perfect for me as I am super lazy when it comes to my nails and want something that is going to be as low maintenance as possible! I also love how glossy and shiny they are and living up to their name, do look very gel like.
The colour range is amazing and I found it very hard to choose! As I mentioned earlier I wanted some bright colours to get me in the mood for the brighter months ahead so I first chose the colours No. 11 Dragon and No. 31 Mustard. The Dragon is such a fun colour! It's definitely a shade for my braver days, but I love it non the less! The Mustard I was a little unsure of at first but is such a pretty, happy colour on and surprisingly wearable! I also picked up the No. 30 Cardamom as I had my sensible hat on and decided I needed something a tiny bit more work appropriate. It is still a really pretty colour though and reminds me of sea foam, which I love.
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Have you tried the Barry M Gelly Hi-Shine Nail Paints yet?


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Posts tagged 'Tanakh (Hebrew Bible)'
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #7 Jewish versions
Leningrad Codex (cover page E, folio 474a)
The Leningrad Codex (Codex Leningradensis) or "L" is the oldest dated ms. of the complete Hebrew Bible, using the masoretic text and Tiberian vocalization. This earliest extant Hebrew Bible codex, Leningrad Codex or the Cairo Prophets was written and punctuated by Moses ben Asher in Tiberias (in Palestine) in 895. Next in age is the Leningrad Codex of the Latter Prophets dated to 916, which was not originally the work of Ben Asher, but its Babylonian pointing—i.e., vowel signs used for pronunciation purposes—was brought into line with the Tiberian Masoretic system.
Many wealthy Jews employed scribes to copy manuscripts in order to foster Bible study. When Abraham b. Ḥayyim di Tintori, a master craftsman had largely solved the problems of both vowel-points and accents it became easier to print Hebrew bibles.
Influenced of the Bibles and chronicles in rhyme produced by German writers from the ninth century onwards Yiddish bibles appeared in medieval times.
There are also rhymed Yiddish paraphrases of the Bible, which flourished in the 14th century, predating the rhymed translations. These paraphrases, unlike the translations, go beyond the original text and show the influence of German epic minstrelsy. The best-known work of this type is the socalled Shemuel Bukh, a rhymed paraphrase of I and II Samuel, the prototype of which appeared no later than about 1400, although the first printed edition is of a much later date (Augsburg, 1543). The Shemuel Bukh served as the model for a host of other biblical paraphrases in rhyme, including: three 14th-century paraphrases of Esther; one of Judges (14th–15th centuries); paraphrases of the five Megillot, which were apparently the work of Abraham b. Elijah of Vilna (15th–16th centuries); paraphrases of Judges and Isaiah by Moses b. Mordecai of Mantua (before 1511); and poetic reworkings of the account of the death of Moses and the Akedah. The last two display great originality, adorning the biblical stories with legendary motifs drawn from the midrashic aggadah, and endowing the biblical personalities and events described with medieval characteristics. By the 15th century there were also prose paraphrases of certain biblical books, most of which have, however, been lost. The existence of such literary works is indicated by the late 15th-century Ma'asiyyot ("tales"), stories in prose about the Akedah, Jonah, and King Solomon.
One of the most interesting rabbis of the Middle Ages, Rabbi Samuel (Shmu'el) son of (ben) Meir (Rashbam) of Northern France his writings were going to be used by many and it can be seen that many aspects of his Torah commentary seem similar to what we find in works of modern biblical scholarship.
For non Yiddish Jewish Bibles they first only saw prints in Hebrew, which started in a 1477 edition of the Psalms, with each verse followed by the appropriate passage from David Kimḥi's commentary, an arrangement which does not appear again in Hebrew Bibles. His dictionary of the Hebrew language called Sefer Hashorashim (Book of Roots) (ספר השורשים) draws heavily on the earlier works of Rabbi Judah ben David Hayyuj and Rabbi Jonah ibn Janah, as well as from the work of his father the grammarian, exegete, poet, and translator Rabbi Joseph Kimhi.
The first Great Rabbinic Bible, edited by Felix Pratensis, who was born a Jew but was baptized in 1506, was published in 1516–17.
From the early 18th century, progressive anglicization of Jewish settlers in England and America rendered first the Spanish, and ultimately the Yiddish, translations inadequate for educational needs. The King James Version became current in spite of the Christianizing tendency of some of its "headlines" to the Prophets. The Pentateuch with haftarot published in London by David Levi (1787) appears to be the King James Version but without offending captions and with Jewish annotations. An earlier Pentateuch was produced by A. Alexander in 1785.
Portrait of Seligman Baer, from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia.
The masoretic scholar Seligmann Baer, published an Hebrew Bible in single volumes with notes, except for Exodus to Deuteronomy, strictly following the Masoretic tradition. The volumes, with a Latin preface by Franz Delitzsch, appeared (Leipsic, Tauchnitz) in the following order: Genesis, 1869; Isaiah, 1872; Job, 1875; Minor Prophets, 1878; Psalms (together with a treatise "Elementa Accentuationis Metricæ"), 1880; Proverbs (together with "De Primorum Vocabulorum Dagessatione"), 1880; Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah (together with "Chaldaismi Biblici Adumbratio" and a treatise by Friedrich Delitzsch (son of Franz Delitzsch) on the Babylonian proper names in these books), were published in 1882; Ezekiel (with "Specimen Glossarii Ezechielico-Babylonici" by Friedrich Delitzsch), appeared in 1884; followed by the five Megillot, 1886; the book of Chronicles, 1888; Jeremiah, 1890; Joshua and Judges, 1891; and finally Kings, 1895. The last two were edited by Baer alone, Delitzsch having died in 1890.
Death prevented Baer from finishing the series. Attached to each volume were a number of Masoretic notes taken from the best editions and manuscripts, variant readings between the Occidentals and Orientals, between Ben Asher and Ben Naphtali, and various other Masoretic lists and enumerations.
The most comprehensive Polyglot Hebrew Bibles are Brian Walton's London Polyglot (1654–57) which contained texts in Hebrew, Samaritan, Aramaic, Greek, Latin, Ethiopic, Syriac, Arabic, and Persian (all with Latin translations), and Samuel Bagster's Polyglot (1831) in Hebrew, Greek, Samaritan, Latin, Syriac, German, Italian, French, English, and Spanish. More modern polyglots have contented themselves with giving the texts in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and a modern language.
Isaac Leeser
Ashkenazi Jewish lay minister of religion, author, translator, editor, and publisher; pioneer of the Jewish pulpit in the United States, and founder Beth El Emeth synagogue and of the Jewish press of America, Isaac Leeser (1806–1868) who was well-grounded in Latin, German, and Hebrew and had also studied the Talmud tractates Moed, Bava Metzia, and portions of Kodashim and Bava Batra under Hebrew masters, made an effort to provide his fellow Jews in the New World with an English version of the Tanakh or Hebrew bible. He was the first Orthodox rabbi in America to break with European tradition and preach in English and wanted also the Torah in English.
This got him to present first the Pentateuch, Torat ha-Elohim ("The Torah of God") in 1845 and then eight years later, adhering to the same Masoretic text that was used by the King James translators, he offered "The Twenty-four Books of the Holy Scriptures: Carefully Translated According to the Massoretic Text, On the Basis of the English Version, After the Best Jewish Authorities; and supplied with short explanatory notes. By Isaac Leeser. " in Philadelphia, 1853. His complete Old Testament in English (1853) incorporated matter from the Mendelssohn school's German translation and included the Hebrew text.
Criticism was that to much of the Teutonic protruded in the translation. His English being very Germanic, with long and complex sentences, but still the language of America.
On the other hand, the grammatical niceties of biblical Hebrew frequently came through successfully, and the scholarship in general was on a consistently adequate level. Leeser's Bible would have retained much more of its deserved popularity well into the twentieth century — for it is generally superior even to such early twentieth-century authorized translations as the American Standard Version of 1901 (ASV)—had it not been for the appearance in 1917 of the translation sponsored by the Jewish Publication Society of America. {Harry Orlinski in his book Notes on the New Translation of the Torah (1969), p. 14}
This English Bible revision could be called "Jewish" in that it eliminates a few renderings that Jews have associated with Christianity (such as "virgin" in Isaiah 7:14 "young girl"), and also by virtue of its religious adherence to the traditional Hebrew text. Incorporating rabbinic readings of the Bible into his text via parentheses Leeser's version stood as pre-eminent in the American Jewish community until the appearance of the "Old JPS" translation of 1917.
Leeser also believed in speaking to women, inspiring them, caring for their religious well-being. He wrote in The Occident:
The females, too, belong to Israel. And they also must be taught that they may understand and observe the law…. There is so much given to women, especially the women of Israel, that we may freely say with a great writer of modern days whose name we do not remember, 'that we are always what women make us.' When the child first begins to think, it is his mother who infuses in his mind the first ideas. It is his mother who teaches him to lisp the first words. If he is able to learn something of God, it is his mother again who instructs him to serve the great Being who is the creator of all. {Isaac Leeser: The Right Man at the Wrong Time}
After his death, Leeser's publishing enterprise became the Jewish Publication Society, which still operates today. He was the forerunner of Artscroll, Koren and all the successful Orthodox publishers.
At the other site of the ocean in Great Britain Abraham Benisch the Bohemian journalist and theologian in pursuance of his mission, had came to London, where he devoted himself to Jewish journalism and literature, and acquired considerable influence in Jewish and Christian circles. he helped founding the Biblical Institute and its allies, The Syro-Egyptian and The Biblical Chronological societies. These three were afterwards fused into the Society of Biblical Archaeology. From from 1851 to 1861 in four sequential volumes he published A Translation of the Tanakh, Published with the Hebrew Text.
In 1896 C.G. Montefiore's Bible for Home Reading was published.
Michael Friedländer best known for his English translation from the original Arabic text of Maimonides' Guide to the Perplexed.
Similar in style to the King James Version English Jewish people could find a Jewish Family Bible in English and Hebrew, edited by the orientalist and principal of Jews' College, London, Michael Friedländer (1881).
In 1905 the Hebrew Publication Society of New York put out Joseph Magil's Linear School Bible. It's a 2-column parallel Hebrew/English Torah (Chumash) for high school students.
After the Revised Version of 1885 had appeared, the London Jewish Religious Education Board published (1896) a pamphlet listing essential emendations to make that version acceptable for Jewish use. These modifications were among the material utilized for the version published by the Jewish Publication Society of America in 1917, which also took into account 19th-century Jewish Bible scholarship and rabbinical commentary (e.g., Malbim); the edition – issued by a committee representative of both traditional and Reform Judaism – was basically the work of Max L. Margolis.
The Central Conference of American Rabbis, the organization of Reform rabbis in 1892 brought a project to bring the first translation for which a group representing Jewish learning among English-speaking Jews assumed joint responsibility, but each person would take up a book to translate. Assigning different books of the Bible to individual rabbis and scholars did not look the ideal way to have a good progress. After more than a decade only the Book of Psalms had been sent to press. In 1908 the Jewish Publication Society of America agreed to take over the project. Under the direction of Editor-in-Chief Max Margolis, the editors included Solomon Schechter, Cyrus Adler, Joseph Jacobs, and faculty members of Hebrew Union College (associated with Reform Judaism), the Jewish Theological Seminary (part of the Conservative Judaism movement), and Dropsie College (a graduate school not affiliated with any movement).
They continued working on a version which essentially retained the Elizabethan diction. It stuck unswervingly to the received Hebrew text that it interpreted in accordance with Jewish tradition and the best scholarship of the day. For over half a century it remained authoritative, even though it laid no claim to any official ecclesiastical sanction.
The 1917 JPS translation.
The translation, which appeared in 1917, with the full publication title The Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text: A New Translation with the Aid of Previous Versions and with Constant Consultation of Jewish Authorities, follows the edition of Seligman Baer except for the books of Exodus to Deuteronomy, which never appeared in Baer's edition and for which C. D. Ginsburg's Hebrew text was used. It is heavily indebted to the Revised Version and American Standard Version.
The 1917 version is still widely disseminated through its appearance in the commentaries of the Soncino Books of the Bible, a set of Hebrew Bible commentaries, covering the whole Tanakh (Old Testament) in fourteen volumes, and the Torah commentary edited by Joseph H. Hertz. Further, it has influenced many subsequent 20th century translations by drawing attention to the Jewish view of many passages.
U.S. Jewish Zionist leader and founder of Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America Henrietta Szold
In 1955 a renewed look at the Holy Scriptures from the Jewish view and tradition was taken. Reform Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf as a non-profit publisher got the daughter of the German-speaking Hungarian immigrant family of rabbi Benjamin Szold, Henrietta Szold (1860–1945), to become the responsible for the publication of the English version of Judaic works and for a contemporary translation in English of the Tanakh. The Jewish Publication Society of America wanted some new or more up-to date language and assembled a committee of translators composed of three professional biblical and Semitic scholars and three rabbis. In 1962 they presented the Pentateuch and seven years later The Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, and Jonah, where offered all in a single volume for the convenience of synagogue use. It took until 1973 to have the appearance of Isaiah and Psalms.
Language evolving the Jewish community found the revision of the outdated 1917 version New Bible Translation in English for the Jewish People of 1953/1955-1962 also to obsolete and worked on a new version resulting in the "New JPS version", abbreviated NJPS (it has also been called the "New Jewish Version" or NJV).
The procedure was as follows. The editor-in-chief prepared a draft translation of the entire Torah for the committee. Submitted chapter by chapter with the draft was a considerable body of data consisting, when pertinent, of the renderings of such important older versions as the Septuagint, Targum, Vulgate, and Saadia, and of more recent translations such as Leeser, Revised Version, the 1917 Jewish version, Moffatt, the American (Chicago) Translation, Confraternity, Revised Standard Version, and La Sainte Bible; also the more pertinent comments of such notable exegetes of the Middle Ages as Rashi (d. 1105), his grandson, Samuel ben Meir (Rashbam; d. about 1174), Abraham ibn Ezra (d. 1167), David Kimhi (Radak; d. 1235), Moses ben Nahman (Ramban —Nahmanides; d. about 1270), Levi ben Gershom (Ralbag —Gersonides; d. 1344), and Obadiah Sforno (d. 1550), as well as the works of virtually every modern commentator of merit, Jewish (notably Samuel David Luzzatto—Shadal; d. 1865; and Meir Leib ben Jehiel Michael—Malbim; d. 1879) and Christian. Wherever the draft proposed a new rendering of import, some justification for it was offered. The editor-in-chief usually kept no more than ten or fifteen chapters ahead of the committee, so that he might benefit from the thinking and consensus of his colleagues. {Orlinsky describing the early history of the version in the Introduction of his book, Notes on the New Translation of the Torah (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1969), pp. 17-19. The New Jewish Publication Society Version}
Harry M. Orlinsky (1908–1992) editor-in-chief of the New Jewish Publication Society (NJPS) translation of the Torah (1962)
Harry M. Orlinsky, Professor of Bible at Hebrew Union College — Jewish Institute of Religion (New York), was asked to serve as editor-in-chief for the new translation, along with H. L. Ginsberg, Professor of Bible at the Jewish Theological Seminary, and Ephraim A. Speiser, Professor of Semitic and Oriental Languages at the University of Pennsylvania, as fellow editors. Associated with them were three rabbis: Max Arzt, Bernard J. Bamberger, and Harry Freedman, representing the Conservative, Reform, and Orthodox branches of organized Jewish religious life. Solomon Grayzel, editor of the Jewish Publication Society, served as secretary of the committee.
Together they created a gender-free translation of the Bible. He also had helped the Protestant National Council with their Revised Standard Version (RSV) of the Bible and then again with the New Revised Standard Version (1989). He was also instrumental in helping to get The Prophets (Nevi'im) (1978) and The Writings (Kethuvim)(1982) published as well.
A number of the changes for the 1985 version had already been projected in Notes on the New Translation of the Torah, edited by Harry M. Orlinsky and published by the Society in 1969 and in the publication of The Book of Job, in 1980. Subsequent research on the text has led to further revisions in the translation of Torah and some revisions in Nevi'im as well.
Afterwards four outstanding Torah scholars (Nahum M. Sarna, Baruch A. Levine, Jacob Milgrom and Jeffrey H. Tigay) with the JPS Torah Commentary series wanted to represent a fusion of the best of the old and new. Utilizing the latest research to enhance their understanding of the biblical text, it came to take its place as one of the most authoritative yet accessible Bible commentaries of our day.
In 1936 "The Holy Scriptures" was published and revised in 1951, by the Hebrew Publishing Company, revised by Alexander Harkavy. In this Hebrew Bible translation in English the Tetragrammaton is presented by the Divine Name of God which is very unusual for a Jewish Bible. Perhaps this accounts for it not gaining the popularity of the JPS Tanakh.
The 1973 edition of the New Oxford Annotated Bible, with the RSV text
In 1962 in-depth academic research from non-denominational perspectives, specifically secular perspectives for "Bible-as-literature" with a focus on the most recent advances in historical criticism and related disciplines, with contributors from mainline Protestant, Roman Catholic, Jewish, and non-religious interpretative traditions, brought a Bible translation that could be used by any Christian or Jewish group. Edited by Herbert G. May and Bruce Metzger, the Oxford Annotated Bible (OAB) study Bible got published by the Oxford University Press (OUP) receiving a a matching edition of the apocryphal books as well as a version of the OAB including them in 1965.
Based on the Revised Standard Version (RSV) of the Bible it was renewed and published in 1973 under the name New Oxford Annotated Bible (NOAB) which got revisions based on the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible of 1989 and got a more ecumenical version in 2000 .
The New Oxford Annotated Bible with Apocrypha: New Revised Standard Version 4th ed. Edition
The New Oxford Annotated Bible with Apocrypha offers a vast range of information, including extensive notes by experts in their fields; in-text maps, charts, and diagrams; supplementary essays on translation, biblical interpretation, cultural and historical background, and other general topics.
Knesset Speaker Kadish Luz announced in 1965 that
"all Presidents of the State of Israel will hereafter be sworn into office on this Bible" (the Koren edition).
The first Hebrew Bible designed, edited, printed, and bound by Jews in nearly 500 years. This Hebrew/English Tanakh Tanakh Yerushalayim (Jerusalem Bible), edited by Koren Publishers Jerusalem was the first Bible published in modern Israel. The Koren Jerusalem Bible (not to be confused with the Catholic translation with a similar title) is a revised version of the Anglo-Jewish Bibles that have been accepted for home and synagogue throughout the English-speaking world. It was published just a few short years before the Six Day War. The Chief Rabbinate of Israel accepted The Koren Tanakh for reading the Haftara in synagogues, giving it great importance and authority, quickly gained wide acceptance among many different Jewish communities and became one of the most widely distributed Hebrew editions ever published. It rejects Greek titles, Latin numerals, and chapter divisions based on non-Jewish authority. The English text is divided up according to the traditional system of petuhot (open line divisions) and setumot (closed spaces) as found in ancient Hebrew manuscripts. This Koren Tanakh is in English on the left-hand pages and Hebrew on the right-hand pages and names of people and places in the translation are transliterations of the Hebrew names, as opposed to the Hellenized versions used in most translations. For example, the Hebrew name Moshe is used instead of the more familiar Moses. It uses Koren Type, created by typographer Eliyahu Koren specifically for The Koren Bible, and is a most accurate and legible Hebrew type.
Since the Koren Tanakh is produced by Jews who believe in the inspiration of Scripture, it remains free from the errors and biases of the 'New Age' approach to the Bible. {editor Koren Publishers}
The Bible Society in Israel derived from a phrase in the Book of Jeremiah, in the Hebrew Bible the name Habrit Hakhadasha/Haderekh ( 'the road' or the New Covenant) for its paraphrased bible (1976, revised 1991). It uses more basic vocabulary and literary style than does Delitzsch, and is similar to English versions such as the 1966 Good News Bible (GNB), also called the Good News Translation (GNT) in the United States or the Kenneth N. Taylor paraphrasings of 1962 New testament Living Letters and the 1971 "A Thought-For-Thought Translation" The Living Bible (TLB). The Living Bible being the best-selling book in America we can imagine that the Jewish community also wanted a similar Jewish bible.
ArtScroll Tanach Series presenting the comments of the classic giants of ancient and contemporary times in a logical, comprehensible manner, like a master teach on an exciting voyage of intellectual discovery.
From 1976-1993 work was made to deliver a giant of Jewish versions, the version of choice for Orthodox Jews, and one of the best selling among all Jews, where this publisher is concerned you are spoiled for choice. The rabbinical commentaries are so exhaustive that Mesorah first released their ArtScroll Tanach as 24 volume set. A single volume of all 24 books of the Torah, Prophets, and Writings is presented in one 2,200 page volume, as interpreted by the classic sages of Talmudic and Rabbinic literature, with the Stone Edition of the Tanach.
In 1981 Moznaim Publishing The Living Torah by the American Orthodox rabbi and author known for his knowledge of physics and kabbalah, Aryeh Kaplan offered an Orthodox translation into contemporary English. He includes the rabbinic elucidation of the text, which he consciously interspersed with later rabbinic commentary and Jewish law. It was reissued in a Hebrew-English version with haftarot for synagogue use. After Kaplan's death in 1983, The Living Nach was translated in the same style by Yaakov Elman for Nevi'im (two volumes: "The Early Prophets" and "The Latter Prophets") and Ketuvim ("Sacred Writings" in one volume) by Moshe Schapiro, M.H. Mykoff (Breslov Research Institute), and Gavriel Rubin.
Inspired by the German translation prepared by the Austrian-born Israeli Jewish philosopher, honorary professor at the University of Frankfurt am Main, Martin Buber and the German Jewish theologian, philosopher, and translator Franz Rosenzweig, Everett Fox translated the Torah (The Five Books of Moses, 1995) for Schocken Press. It uses hyphenated phrases and is printed in blank verse, and the personal and place names are transliterated versions of the Hebrew names.
In 2005 appeared Jay P. Green's The Interlinear Bible: Hebrew-Greek-English (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers) based on the Masoretic text. The words are keyed to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance. The print is much smaller than John R. Kohlenberger III, Interlinear NIV Hebrew-English Old Testament (based on the Hebrew text of BHS and the NIV) But the Green translation does seem not as accurate. Volume also contains a Linear Greek New Testament.
Rudolf Kittel's Biblia Hebraica, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia were used as a basic for several Jewish translations and also used for the 1995 revision of the American Bible, maintaining a word-for-word translation style, presented by the Lockman Foundation as the New American Standard Bible, which is widely regarded as the most literally translated of major 20th-century English Bible translations. A committee consisted of people from many Protestant, predominantly conservative, denominations, Presbyterian, Methodist, Southern Baptist, Church of Christ, Nazarene, American Baptist, Fundamentalist, Conservative Baptist, Free Methodist, Congregational, Disciples of Christ, Evangelical Free, Independent Baptist, Independent Mennonite, Assembly of God, North American Baptist, and "other religious groups" prepared the original work (1963-1971) and more than 20 individuals worked on modernizing the NASB in accord with the most recent research, supplanting the 1977 text in current printings, save for a few (Thompson Chain Reference Bibles, Open Bibles, Key Word Study Bibles, et al.) It got further revisions from 1992 up to 1995.
Early this century Robert Alter translated the Torah in The Five Books of Moses (2004) and in a Chasidism translation created the Gutnick Edition of the Chumash (2006).
16th-century depiction of the French religious scholar Rashi, acronym of Rabbi Shlomo Yitzḥaqi (1040-1105) renowned medieval French commentator on the Bible and the Talmud
Judaica Press, an Orthodox Jewish publisher, has published a multi-volume bilingual Hebrew–English translation of the Bible that includes the medieval French rabbi Rashi's comprehensive commentary on the Talmud and commentary on the Tanakh in both Hebrew and English, Complete Tanach with Rashi.
Although the Pentateuch has not been fully published in hardcopy (Genesis [in three volumes] and Exodus [in two volumes] only), Judaica Press also published a set of 24 bilingual Hebrew–English volumes of Mikraot Gedolot for Nevi'im and Ketuvim, published as Books of the Prophets and Writings. As in traditional Mikraot Gedolot, the Hebrew text includes the masoretic text, the Aramaic Targum, and several classic rabbinic commentaries. The English translations, by Rosenberg, include a translation of the Biblical text, Rashi's commentary, and a summary of rabbinic and modern commentaries. {Free Encyclopedia Wikipedia}
The Jewish Annotated New Testament, Edited by Amy-Jill Levine and Marc Z. Brettler
In 2011 University Professor of New Testament and Jewish Studies Amy-Jill Levine, E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Professor of New Testament Studies, Vanderbilt Divinity School, and Marc Z. Brettler, Dora Golding Professor of Biblical Studies, Brandeis University, edited The Jewish Annotated New Testament. It brings out Jewish background of early Christianity, New Testament writers and can be very helpful for non-Jewish readers interested in the Jewish roots of Christianity, also making it clear where certain Christians went wrong in their thinking because of their insufficient knowledge of Jewish way of speaking and thinking. The book also explains Jewish concepts (e.g., food laws, rabbinic argumentation) for non-Jews, Christian concepts (e.g., Eucharist) for Jews.
Please find to read
Magil's linear school Bible, by Joseph Magil. Hebrew text and English translation … The five book of Moses.
Magil's linear school Bible
Magil's linear school Bible, or, The Hebrew Bible in its original language : self taught for teachers and students . . . : a new and easy method for popularizing the study of the original Hebrew Bible by means of a linear translation – Archive copy Robarts – University of Toronto
Magil's linear school Bible or The Hebrew Bible in its original language self taught for teachers and students, ., a new and easy method for popularizing the study of the original Hebrew Bible by means of a linear translation *EBOOK*
Leeser's Jewish Bible (1853)
The twenty-four books of the Holy Scriptures, carefully translated according to the Massoretic text, on the basis of the English version, after the best Jewish authorities and supplied with short explanatory notes by Isaac Leeser
Isaac Leeser: The Right Man at the Wrong Time
The New Jewish Publication Society Version
Samuel ben Meir (Rashbam)
Rabbi Samuel Ben Meir (Rashbam): A Short Bio
Jerusalem Bible (Koren)
Full text of "Oxford Annotated Bible Revised Standard Version -(R.S.V.) 1952"
Living Nach – Sacred Writings
New JPS+ Mari
Online reading of: The Living Torah
The Complete Tanach with Rashi's Commentary
Stone Edition of the Tanach.
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #1 Pre King James Bible
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #3 Women and versions
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #4 Steps to the women's bibles
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #5 Further steps to women's bibles
Old and newer King James Versions and other translations #6 Revisions of revisions
Written and translated by different men over thousands of years
Lord in place of the divine name
Lord and owner
People Seeking for God 7 The Lord and lords
Accuracy, Word-for-Word Translation Preferred by most Bible Readers
The Jewish Bible ≠ The Old Testament
New JPS Commentary Volumes, Now in Accordance
Your Life Without Torah
From the Desk of Kenneth Seeskin
From the Desk of Alan Levenson
From the Desk of Zev Eleff: A Touchy Subject
Torah on Tap; the Tragedy of Leadership
The Jerusalem Debate – Eleven Objections and Responses | The Lamb's Servant
613 Mitzvot & Yeshua keys to be Nazarene Jews
Shabbat Lekh L'kha: Go Forth, in Jewish
We Need A Word Make-Over
The Completely Not-Boring History of the Bible, part 1
Israel: Does the Hebrew Bible indicate the Messiah, the Anointed One of the House of David, is divine?
Israel: According to the Hebrew Bible did the Lord ever become a man
Did Avraham keep all Torah Mitzvot?
Yom Teruah
More on English Bible Versions
Sermon: A Man Who Gave His Life that You Might Have an English Bible
Dr. John Wyclyffe, Low-Tech Bible Translator
Williams Tyndale: The Experiential Outworking of Sola Scriptura
Was Dr. John R. Rice a Heretic?
Russian spokeswoman accused of fanning 'Jewish conspiracy' after Trump's victory
Orthodox Jewish immigrant dedicates his vote to slain Muslim American soldier
Offendo-phobes unite
Ottawa Jewish prayer centre tagged with swastika, slur – and its rabbi blamed Donald Trump
Schilling asks Tapper: Why do Jews vote Democratic?
Netanyahu elated at Trump's condemnation of Iran nuclear pact
Is Donald Trump Israel's new BFF?
Singer-composer Matti Caspi kicks off Israel pop series in L.A.
Hebrew Word of the Week: bet-sefer
Ancient Hebrew Papyrus Seized from Looters, But Is It Authentic?
Bible study, History, Religion, Video, Word of God
Abraham Ḥayyim di Tintori
Abraham Benisch
Alexander Harkavy
Amy-Jill Levine
ArtScroll Tanach
Aryeh Kaplan
Bible Society (Israel)
Biblia Hebraica (Kittel)
Biblica (formerly International Bible Society)
Brian Walton
Central Conference of American Rabbis
Chaim Miller
Complete Tanach with Rashi
David Kimḥi (RaDaK)
David Levi
Dropsie College (Center for Advanced Judaic Studies)
Early Modern English Bible translations
Ecumenical Bible
Everett Fox
Franz Delitzsch
Franz Rosenzweig
Friedrich Delitzsch
Great Rabbinic Bible
Habrit Hakhadasha/Haderekh (paraphrased Bible)
Haftarah (haftoroh-haftarot)
Harry M. Orlinsky
Hebrew Union College
Henrietta Szold
Jewish Bibles
Jewish Family Bible
Jewish Publication Society of America
Jewish Theological Seminary of America
Jews' College (London)
Joseph H. Hertz
Joseph Kimhi
Joseph Krauskopf
Joseph Magil
JPS Torah Commentary
Kenneth N. Taylor
Koren Jerusalem Bible (Koren Tanakh)
Koren Publishers Jerusalem
Leeser Bible
Leona B. Carpenter
Linear School Bible
Living Letters (Taylor New Testament)
London Jewish Religious Education Board
London Polyglot
M.H. Mykoff
Marc Z. Brettler
Martin Buber
Masoretic text
Max Margolis
Michael Friedländer
Moses ben Asher
Moshe Schapiro
Moznaim Publishing
New JPS version
New Oxford Annotated Bible (NOAB)
NJPS (or NJV)
Oxford Annotated Bible (OAB)
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Paraphrased Bible translations
Revised Version
Samuel Bagster (the Elder)
Samuel Bagster's Polyglot
Schocken Press
Sefer Hashorashim (Book of Roots)
Seligman Baer
Seligmann Baer
Shemuel Bukh
Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)
Society of Biblical Archaeology
Soncino Books of the Bible
Stone Edition of the Tanach
Tanakh Yerushalayim
The Jewish Annotated New Testament (JANT)
The Living Bible (TLB)
The Living Nach
The Living Torah (LTor)
Torah (Fox translation)
Torat ha-Elohim (The Torah of God)


This initiative will be phased over five years, and will waive the payment of tuition and admission fees and provision of teaching and learning materials with an initial emphasis on Mathematics and English language text books to all secondary schools in the country. It will also ensure that payment are waived for public examination fees such as the National Primary School Examination (NPSE), Basic Education Certificate Examination (BECE) and West Africa Senior Secondary School Examination (WASSCE).
However, one key area of challenge that critics are raising doubt about in the actualization of the Free Quality School Education initiative is the structures to house the zealous number of school going pupils expecting to benefit from the scheme. In line with this, the National Commission for Social Action (NaCSA) through its Sierra Leone Community Demand Driven Project (SLCDD II) has been working frantically to meet this demand in its growth poles communities, especially where they have requested for schools as their 'Quick wins' sub-projects.
As it is, NaCSA through its SLCDD IIis all set to hand over a total of nine (9) Primary and three (3) Junior secondary schools (newly constructed and well furnished) making a sum total of twelve (12) schools to pupils in these communities at the beginning of the new academic year.
It is therefore no surprise for pupils of these schools to rain down praises in gratitude to NaCSA's timely interventions in setting the pace for the implementation of the free quality primary and secondary education. As a result, there is no one of these schools that one visits, that one is not greeted with songs of praises for NaCSA.
At Kambia Morie Community in Mange Bureh Town, BKM Chiefdom in the Port Loko District, at a primary school once known as the Sierra Leone Muslim Brotherhood (now referred to asKambia Morie Community Primary school) where NaCSA is constructing a six block classroom building, two class six (6) pupils, Mohamed Bangura and Isatu Bah, both of whom aspiring to be medical practitioners expressed their delights over the transformation taking place at their schools, thanking NaCSA for the gestures and assuring the commission of their determinations to make the marks in the public examinations. "We shall ensure that we put the school on the map, to show NaCSA that they did not make no mistakes in building a new school for us," they affirmed.
At the Ginti Secondary school, Debia Chiefdom in Port Loko District, Senior Secondary School III pupils attending special remedial classes could not hold their peace on what they described as the timeliest intervention by NaCSA to their school ahead of the New Direction's free quality education.
Isata Sesay a pupils of Ginti Secondary school said that they are very happy to see such wonderful development taking place in our school. This has become the talk of the town. Our parents and elders of the community in all spheres of life and high places are very proud of it. With these structures, we could now challenge other big name schools in the district or even beyond. I can now boast openly that my school, when completed will be second to none in the entire Port Loko District. We are therefore very grateful to NaCSA for this support, while assuring them of our outputs in this year's public examination.
Santigie M. Kamara, a pupil of the same school urged his colleagues to seize the opportunity to work hard in meeting their goals and aspirations. He called on the school authority to scout out for quality teachers, especially in the sciences that befit the new face of the structures when completed, we celebrate the construction and await the completion of the new school blocks, it is however no secret that the school lack requisite teaching staff, especially in the Sciences and Commercial to complement the quality of the new buildings that have been provided by NaCSA. We may like to urge the school authority to look into this and find ways to address it; while on the other hand, compel all my colleague pupils to work harder in making the grades. This is key, if we are to continue benefiting from NaCSA. This should be a prerequisite, to show NaCSA that we are grateful to them for such support he noted.
Beneficiary communities across share the same sentiments. At Masingbi Town in Kunike Sanda chiefdom, Tonkolili district, where NaCSA is constructing two (2) Primary schools and one (1) Secondary school, pupils of one of these schools, the Maranatha Christian Secondary schoolat Masingbi expressed their gratitude to the Commission.
Memunatu Sawaneh, an SSS III pupils commended NaCSA for what she described as a laudable gesture, noting that it will not only be a face lift but will cut down the high dropout rate in the community. Another pupil of the school, Abu G. Koroma rained similar praises on the commission but pleaded for a speedy attention to expedite completion of the work to meet the start of the new academic year in September.
These schools are expected to be completed and handed over to the respective communities for utilization in the new academic year. Each project consist of a well-furnished six (6) classroom block with a Principal's / Head teacher's office, a staffroom, Parents/Teachers' (PTA) Hall, library and self-contained staff toilets; a two (2) Bedroom self-contained staff quarter for the Head teacher or Principal (to be provided with solar power by the project); water well and external toilets for pupils as well as recreational area for pupils.
The Community Primary school at Mofumgbay in the Ribbi Chiefdom, Moyamba District.


The Ontario Wood WORKS! Wood Design Awards honour the creators of new projects that push the limits of wood design in structures that demonstrate excellence in the use of wood. Winning projects will showcase the special qualities of wood such as strength, durability, beauty, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. Projects will be located within the province of Ontario.
Supported by the Ministry of Natural Resources' "Ontario Wood" branding initiative, the Ontario Wood Award honours the significant contribution the forestry sector makes to the provincial economy and showcases the wide variety of products manufactured from wood grown from Ontario forests. Nominated projects must use an abundance of Ontario-sourced structural wood products to be accepted in this category.
Sustainably-sourced wood products contribute significantly to the overall environmental performance of any building by reducing the embodied energy of a building, minimizing pollution, improving energy performance, and sequestering carbon. Each of these environmental benefits helps mitigate climate change and reduce the carbon footprint of our built environment. Nominations in this category will demonstrate how some, or all, of these attributes are part of the building's design and construction.
This award will be given to a non-residential or public project where wood finishes have been used extensively. Applications can include wood cladding, flooring, millwork, fixtures, furniture, and other finishes. Projects of merit will demonstrate ingenuity and resourcefulness as well as the particular qualities of wood including versatility, durability and beauty. Preference will be shown to projects that incorporate Canadian wood products. Wood products should be used in a non-structural capacity in these projects. This is the only category where non-structural wood will be accepted.
The residential category includes single-family dwellings. The winning project will push the limits of wood design, demonstrate excellence in the use of wood, and showcase some of the special qualities of wood such as strength, durability, beauty, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. This is the only category where single-family residential will be accepted.
Mid-rise wood construction in Ontario is taking off as developers, owners, project teams and municipalities fully realize the significant cost, environmental, and construction benefits mid-rise wood buildings provide. Project types considered in this category include commercial applications, offices, stores, malls, condominiums, multi-family residential, resorts, and other public buildings. Projects must be of structural wood construction, 4-6 storeys in height.
The Institutional Wood Design Awards honour the creators of new projects that push the limits of wood design in structures that demonstrate excellence in the use of wood. Winning projects will showcase the special qualities of wood such as strength, durability, beauty, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. Institutional projects include any public spaces like hospitals, schools, long term care facilities, etc. Two awards will be given based on total project cost.
Institutional Wood Design Award: > $15 M.
This award will be given to an institutional project with a construction budget over $15 million.
Institutional Wood Design Award: < $15 M.
This award will be given to an institutional project with a construction budget under $15 million.
The Commercial Wood Design category includes office buildings, warehouses, and retail buildings such as convenience stores, 'big box' stores, shopping malls, etc. Winning projects in this category showcase the special qualities of wood such as strength, durability, beauty, versatility, and cost-effectiveness.
The Northern Ontario Excellence Award recognizes the significant contribution Northern Ontario makes to the forest economy and the special link that exists between this industry and northern communities. This award focuses on projects unique to northern Ontario that honour this relationship through the use of Ontario wood products.
Nominations are not accepted in this category. The Jury's Choice Award is given at the sole discretion of the Jury and will be presented in years where an outstanding and memorable nomination is received for a project that, for whatever reason, does not win in the category for which it is submitted.
This award for a wood advocate in the design / build industry will recognize a decision-making individual who regularly specifies, designs or builds commercial, industrial, or institutional projects with wood. This award acknowledges an individual who contributes to the selection of wood in multiple projects, overcomes objections related to wood use in projects, and leads the way for future projects in wood. The Designer/Builder Award will be presented to an individual or firm for the creation of an innovative structure, of any building type, that uses new technologies or existing technology in a new way in order to create a wood solution that advances the use of wood in the project, leading the way for future projects in wood.
The forest products industry is an important part of the provincial economy so it is essential for leaders to be actively involved in supporting this industry on many different fronts. Whether a person's individual efforts are focused on design, research, education, innovation or advocacy, the Wood Champion Award recognizes an individual or group whose work directly supports the future of the forest products industry. Wood Champions strive for excellence and stand out as persuasive advocates for wood.


text:
By dloehr
A cord cutter's report on Sling TV
Warning: This story has not been updated in several years and may contain out-of-date information.
This guy just won't stop alliterating.
We cut the cord years ago—where we live, over the air signals are good enough for the broadcast networks, and combining Netflix & Hulu Plus gave us more than enough viewing options. Even subscribing to both of those, we cut our TV bill by a little more than 80 percent. Throw in Amazon Prime, and we're still saving money month to month.
But I was curious about Sling TV, the Internet-delivered TV service. There were a few cable channels we missed from the cable days, including Food Network.1 Their basic package—the "best of live TV," as they call it—includes Food Network, CNN, ESPN, TBS, TNT, Disney, AMC, and a few more. That's the $20 level. For a few dollars more—$5 per package—you can add more sports channels, more lifestyle channels, and/or international news channels. It's part of Dish, but separate and distinct at least in terms of branding. No doubt this helps with signing channels onto the service. (And now HBO will also be available there, albeit for an extra $15 on top of your regular Sling package.)
Those who exclusively patronize Apple TV will be sad to hear that Sling isn't available there (yet). But I also use an Amazon Fire Stick, largely for watching Sling2.
One thing I really like about Sling: Say you put on Food Network and they're in the middle of wall-to-wall Fieri3. You can scroll backward through the schedule and watch several days' worth of shows on demand, or time shift the entire schedule, pretend you're on Pacific time, whatever.
So adding that $20 on top of Netflix and Hulu, we're still paying less than half of what we had been for cable or satellite. We're still paying for channels we don't watch—we pretty much stick to Food Network and Cartoon Network over here, maybe ESPN during baseball season—but we have some flexibility, good on-demand options, and availability across multiple devices, even watching live. It's still not quite "a la carte TV," but considering the economics of cable, it's not bad.
The one thing I wish Sling could do would be to offer a little more variety. For example, there are several Time Warner channels available4, but not the one I used to watch most, Turner Classic Movies. What if we had the option to choose three Time Warner channels from the available menu? TCM does have an iOS app, but like most such apps, it only works if you're already a cable or satellite subscriber. Even then, it doesn't AirPlay nicely to the Apple TV—it's easier to watch directly on an iPad. (Heck, I'd pay a monthly fee just for a TCM app that I could use AND AirPlay.)
Of course, if I could slim down that "best of live TV" package, I would. In six weeks of using Sling, the bulk of our viewing has been Food Network with a side of "Better Call Saul" on AMC and a little bit of Cartoon Network for the 10-year-old. But that's the dream of "a la carte." That's why the HBO news gives me hope.
I doubt we'll be getting HBO—we don't really care about "Game of Thrones"5 so we'll pass. I can't help but wonder if this and the Apple TV deal have something to do with the announcement that HBO and Vice were expanding their partnership to the point of developing a daily newscast… that might be worth watching.
So we'll stick with Sling for now and see how it evolves.
Now, to get a TV with two HDMI ports…
[David J. Loehr is a writer and designer who lives in the wilds of Indiana. He's the writer of The Incomparable Radio Theater, coming later this year to a podcast-listening thing near you.]
Oh, the cries of joy when the 13-year-old discovered a run of "Good Eats" episodes on Netflix. We watched all 25 of them in a single Sunday. He's been an Alton Brown fan since he was 2 and thought Alton's name was "Eats." ↩
It's available on Roku, Amazon Fire, and Xbox, with Nexus Player "coming soon." You can also watch via iOS and Android apps or even your computer. I've tried using AirPlay to send it to my Apple TV, but it's just easier to use the Fire Stick. Plus, it's fun to say Fire Stick. ↩
How many hours a week can they devote to "Diners, Drive-Ins, and Dives?" And then there's "Guy's Grocery Games." Man's got a thing for alliteration. ↩
TBS, TNT, CNN, Cartoon Network, Adult Swim… and soon HBO. ↩
I can hear the wailing now. It's no use, I've tried it, I'm good. ↩
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text:
Q: Get the dynamically bound hidden field value inside a list view in code-behind In my aspx page, I have,
<asp:ListView ID="listview1" runat="server" DataSourceID="dtasrc_load">

        <ItemTemplate>
            <h4>
                <asp:Label ID="lbl_titlename" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("abt_vch_Title") %>'></asp:Label>
            </h4>
            <asp:LinkButton runat="server" OnClick="Content_Load" class="btn">Edit</asp:LinkButton>
            <asp:HiddenField ID="hiddenID" runat="server" Value='<%#Eval("abt_int_ID") %>' />
        </ItemTemplate>
    </asp:ListView>

I need to access the value in the hidden field control so that I can pass that value to the database on the linkbutton click event. Below is where I've gotten so far.
    protected void Content_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

    HiddenField hd = new HiddenField();
    HiddenField myhiddenfield = new HiddenField();
    myhiddenfield = (HiddenField)listview1.FindControl("hiddenID");
    int myID = Convert.ToInt32(myhiddenfield.Value);

I get a run-time error as "Object not referenced to instance of an object". The value seems to be null.
Can anyone tell me why I am getting this? What should I do?

A: give your linkbutton an id
<asp:LinkButton runat="server" OnClick="Content_Load" class="btn"
id="editlinkbutton">Edit</asp:LinkButton>

and change your code to this
protected void Content_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    LinkButton editlinkbutton = sender as LinkButton;
    HiddenField myhiddenfield = editlinkbutton.NamingContainer.FindControl("hiddenID") as HiddenField;
    int myID = Convert.ToInt32(myhiddenfield.Value);
}

edit: maybe linkbutton doesnt have to have an id, not sure. my linkbuttons usually have id's :)

A: I recently had a similar issue. Try not to look for System.Web.UI.WebControls.HiddenField, but rather for System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputHidden-class, here.
Additionally, you should be more cautious, rather use
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputHidden hi =
listview1.FindControl("hiddenID") as ystem.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlInputHidden;
if(hi != null)
...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
The Defence of India Act, 1939 (No.35) was an Act passed by the Central Legislature on the 29th day of September, 1939 which effectively declared martial law in India.
Although it was enacted on 29 September 1939 it was deemed to come into force from 3 September 1939, the day when the Second World War began. It provided the Viceroy to make rules for the safety of British India and to provide punishments in case of any contraventions which included that of death or transportation for life if the intent was to assist any State at war with His Majesty or that of waging war against His Majesty. It provided for Special Courts against whose verdict nobody can appeal from, and these Courts may decide to hold the trial in camera. It also provided for the acquisition of land for purposes of defence and it provided compensation for the land acquired. It expired six months after the termination of the war and was ultimately repealed by the Repealing and Amending Act, 1947 (Act II of 1948).

See also
Defence of India act, 1915
Defence of India act, 1962

References

https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204142/http://lawmin.nic.in/legislative/textofcentralacts/1939.pdf
http://lawmin.nic.in/legislative/textofcentralacts/1948.pdf

1939 in India
1939 in law
Law of India

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia