text:
Breakdown of Armenian Terrorist Incidents, 1973-1987
I have seen another version of this breakdown, with slightly altered words, and without providing credit. The author was Prof. Heath Lowry, while serving as Executive Director of the Institute of Turkish Studies in Washington, and the following was reproduced in the ATAA publication, Armenian Allegations: Myth and Reality, A Handbook of Facts and Documents, 1987.
While these events were transpiring, the prejudiced western world had given its tacit approval to the acts of these maniacs. Armenian genocide" articles would often accompany reports of the latest terrorism attack (an excruciating example coming from TIME Magazine's coverage of one in Turkey), and the rare times terrorists got caught in nations of the West, they would usually serve "slap-on-the-wrist" sentences. Now that we are in the 21st century and Americans in particular have come to experience the effects of terrorism firsthand, readers can better evaluate the appalling death and destruction the Armenian terrorists have caused... still identified as "freedom fighters" by most leaders of the Armenian community, and the western media often has developed amnesia over these deadly occurrences. These events finally came to a halt, among other reasons, when "Armenian" started becoming synonymous with "terrorism," and that was hugely counter-productive to the sympathy-seeking aim that serves as an integral part of Hai Tahd, the Armenian Cause. No matter; the murderous incidents served their purpose, bringing this genocide mythology to the forefront of people's minds, paving the road for immoral pro-Armenians to sell their propaganda to bigots conditioned to accept their mostly invented version of events at face value. Keeping with the proud tradition of the Dashnaks, who wrote the cookbook for future terrorists to follow... "publicity" was, after all, a primary underlying motive for the 1896 Ottoman Bank takeover.
CHRONOLOGICAL BREAKDOWN OF ARMENIAN
TERRORISTS INCIDENTS 1973—1987
(The asterisks appearing below indicate attacks resulting in deaths.)
January 27, 1973*
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Santa Barbara, California): A 78-year old Armenian immigrant, Gourgen Yanikian, assassinated Mehmet Baydar (the Turkish Consul-General in Los Angeles), and Bahadir Demir (the Turkish Consul in Los Angeles), at the Biltmore Hotel in Santa Barbara. These assassinations were the first link in the ongoing chain of Armenian terrorism, i.e., Yanikian became the 'founding father' of the current round of Armenian terrorism;
Gourgen Yanikian; by cutting down two innocent men in the prime of life, the homicidal gentleman became an Armenian hero
FRANCE (Paris): Two bombs exploded outside the offices of the Turkish Consulate and the Turkish Airlines Offices respectively. Though no one was injured, damage was extensive. While no group claimed responsibility, law enforcement authorities are convinced an Armenian group was the perpetrator;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (New York City, New York): The Turkish Information Office received a package containing a bomb and a letter addressed to the Consul General, from a group identifying itself as the 'Yanikian Commandos' (I.e., named after the perpetrator of the January 27, 1973 assassinations in Santa Barbara, California). The bomb was defused by the police;
LEBANON (Beirut): In the course of a 1978 press conference, a spokesman for the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (hereafter: ASALA) claimed that his group's initial operation had been the January 20, 1975, bombing of the Beirut offices of the World Council of Churches;
LEBANON (Beirut): The offices of the Turkish Information and Tourism Bureau were the target of a bomb attack. A Lebanese policeman was injured while attempting to defuse the bomb. The attack was claimed by ASALA's 'Prisoner Gourgen Yanikian Group';
LEBANON (Beirut): A one-kilogram bomb exploded in front of the offices of the Turkish Airlines Offices in Beirut, causing extensive damage. Credit for the attack was claimed by ASALA's 'Prisoner Gourgen Yanikian Group';
Danis Tunaligil
AUSTRIA (Vienna): Three armed gunmen stormed the Turkish Embassy in Vienna and assassinated the Turkish envoy, Ambassador Danis Tunaligil. The three gunmen, who escaped, were armed with automatic weapons manufactured in Israel, Great Britain and Hungary. A group calling itself 'The Armenian Liberation Army' claimed credit for the operation;
October 24. 1975 *
FRANCE (Paris): The Turkish Ambassador to France, Ismail Erez, was assassinated in his automobile in the vicinity of the Embassy. Also killed in the attack was Talip Yener, the driver. Responsibility was initially claimed by a group identifying itself as the 'Commandos of the Avengers of the Armenian Genocide.' Subsequently, a telephone call to the offices of Agence France Presse in Beirut, Lebanon, claimed the assassinations were the work of the 'Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia' (ASALA):
LEBANON (Beirut): A rocket attack. resulting in extensive damage, was carried out against the Turkish Embassy in Beirut. The attack was claimed by.ASALA;
February 16, .1976*
LEBANON (Beirut): Oktar Cirit, the First Secretary of the Turkish Embassy in Beirut was assassinated by a lone terrorist while sitting in a salon on Hamra Street. The gunman escaped. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (Frankfurt, Essen and Cologne): Turkish consulates in three German cities were the subject of bomb attacks resulting in extensive damages. While no specific group claimed credit, anonymous telephone calls identified the perpetrators as Armenians;
SWITZERLAND (Zurich): The Swiss branch of the Turkish 'Grants Bank and the offices of the Turkish Labor Attache were destroyed by two bomb attacks. A third bomb, planted at the offices of the Turkish Tourism Bureau was defused before detonating. While no specific group claimed responsibility, law enforcement authorities believe the attacks were carried out by an Armenian terrorist organization calling itself the Justice Commandoes of the Armenian Genocide' (hereafter: JCAG):
LEBANON (Beirut); Powerful explosives destroyed the automobiles belonging to the Turkish Embassy's Military (Nahit Karakay) and Administrative (Ilhan Ozbabacan) attachés. ASALA claimed credit tor the bombings;
May 14. 1977
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in the offices of the Turkish Tourism Bureau in Paris, slightly injuring the caretaker. Two separate Armenian groups claimed responsibility for the attack: A) the New Armenian Resistance Group': and, B) the 'Youth Action Group':
May 29, 1977*
TURKEY (Istanbul): A powerful bomb ripped through Istanbul's Yesilköy Airport. killing five persons and injuring forty-two (one of whom was a U.S. citizen). On the same day, a similar bomb exploded in Istanbul's Sirkeci Train station, killing one and injuring ten. The terminal building was heavily damaged. The Agence France Presse offices in Athens, Greece received an anonymous telephone call from a group calling itself the "28 May Armenian Organization" claiming credit for the bombings;
SWITZERLAND (Zurich): A powerful bomb destroyed a store belonging to a Turkish citizen named Huseyin Bülbül. While no group claimed responsibility, it is assumed to have been the work of Armenian terrorists.
June 9, 1977*
Taha Carim
ITALY (Vatican City): Taha Carim, Turkey's ambassador to the Holy See, was assassinated in front of his residence by two terrorists. In telephone calls to the 'AP' offices in Beirut, the JCAG claimed credit for the attack;
The late, great Prof.
Stanford Shaw.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): A bomb exploded in front of the home of Professor Stanford Shaw, an American Jewish professor of Turkish history at U.C.L.A. While no one was injured, the bomb caused extensive damage. 'UPI' received an anonymous call claiming that the bombing was the responsibility of the 'Armenian Group of 28';
"When Armenian American Bernard Ohanian was Editorial Director of The National Geographic, read by over 19 million worldwide, a propaganda piece entitled, "The Rebirth of Armenia" (March 2004) and arranged by a Frank Viviano and Alexandra Avakian, stated 'dozens of Turkish diplomats and nationals were murdered, allegedly by Armenian terrorists.'"
Günay Evinch, "The Armenian Cause Today," The Turkish American, Summer 2005
BELGIUM (Brussels): An office building housing Turkish banking services was shattered by a bomb attack. An Armenian terrorist group calling itself 'The New Armenian Resistance' claimed credit for the attack;
Necla Kuneralp
SPAIN (Madrid): Three terrorists attacked the automobile of the Turkish Ambassador (Zeki Kuneralp) with automatic weapons, as it left the Embassy grounds. The Ambassador's wife, Necla Kuneralp, and retired Turkish Ambassador Besir Balcioglu were killed in the attack. A Spanish chauffeur, Antonio Torres, was wounded and died while undergoing surgery in the hospital. On June 3rd, an anonymous caller claimed that ASALA was responsible for the attack. Later, the JCAG group also claimed credit;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): A bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Consulate, causing extensive damage. The 'New Armenian Resistance Group' claimed responsibility;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): A bomb exploded at the Turkish Airlines Offices in Geneva causing extensive damage. Credit for the attack was claimed by ASALA;
FRANCE (Paris): Four separate bomb attacks were carried out against Turkish offices in the French capital: 1) a bomb was detonated at the Turkish Airlines Offices; 2) a second, at the offices of the Labor Attaché; 3) a third, at the Turkish Tourist Bureau; and 4) a fourth explosive, planted at the office of the Turkish Permanent Representative to the O.E.C.D., was defused by police prior to exploding. In an anonymous call to the Agence France Presse, the attacks were claimed by the JCAG terrorist organization;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): A bomb was thrown at a car driven by Niyazi Adali, the Turkish Consul in Geneva. While he was not injured, two other cars were damaged and two Swiss pedestrians were slightly injured. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (Frankfurt): The Turkish Airlines Offices in Frankfurt were destroyed by a bomb blast. A passenger in a passing streetcar was injured. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
DENMARK (Copenhagen): Two Danish citizens were injured when a bomb (left in a basket) near the Turkish Airlines Offices exploded causing heavy damage. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
October 12, 1979 *
Ahmet Benler
NETHERLANDS (The Hague): Ahmet Benler, the 27-year-old son of the Turkish Ambassador (Özdemir Benler), was assassinated in his car as he pulled away from a traffic light at an intersection in the capital. Ten witnesses watched, as the doctoral student at Delft Technical University was killed. The gunman escaped. Both the JCAG and ASALA terrorist organizations claimed the attack;
ITALY (Milan): The offices of the Turkish Airlines were heavily damaged in a bomb attack. Credit for the explosion was claimed by ASALA;
ITALY (Rome): The offices of the Turkish Embassy's Tourism Attaché were heavily damaged;
FRANCE (Paris): Bomb explosions damaged three airline offices in central Paris: 1) The Turkish Airlines Offices; 2) KLM, the Dutch Airlines Offices; and 3) Lufthansa, the German Airlines Offices. Two French policemen were hurt in the explosions. ASALA claimed responsibility for all three incidents;
November 2S, 1979
SPAIN (Madrid): Bombs exploded in front of the Madrid offices of Trans World Airlines and British Airways. ASALA, who claimed responsibility for these attacks, stated that they were intended as warnings for Pope John Paul to cancel his planned visit to Turkey;
ITALY (Rome): Two bombs exploded in downtown Rome, damaging the offices of Pan American Airlines, World Airways, British Airlines, and the Philippine Airways. Nine individuals were injured in the explosions. A group identifying itself as the 'New Armenian Resistance Movement' claimed credit;
UNITED KINGDOM (London): Extensive damage was caused when a bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Airlines' London offices. A group calling itself the 'Front for the Liberation of Armenia' claimed responsibility;
December 22, 1979*
Yilmaz Colpan
FRANCE (Paris): Yilmaz Colpan, the Tourism Attaché at the Turkish Embassy, was assassinated by a lone gunman while walking on the crowded Champs Elysees. Several groups, including ASALA, the JCAG, and the 'Commandos of Armenian Militants Against Genocide' claimed responsibility for the assassination;
NETHERLANDS (Amsterdam): Heavy damage resulted from a bomb explosion in front of the Turkish Airlines Offices. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
ITALY (Rome): A bomb exploded in front of a World Council of Churches refugee center (the Dina Boarding House) in Rome. This center was being utilized as a transit point for Armenian refugees leaving Lebanon. ASALA claimed credit for the attack and warned the Italian authorities to halt 'The Armenian Diaspora';
ITALY (Rome): Three bomb explosions occurred in front of the Rome offices of Air France and Trans World Airlines, injuring a dozen passersby. ASALA claimed responsibility, stating that the bomb had been placed "in reprisal against the repressive measures of French authorities against Armenians in France";
Between 1973 and the present, Armenian terrorists have committed 239 acts of terrorism which have killed at least 70 and wounded 524 innocent people. Armenian terrorists have taken 105 hostages, "executing" 12, one of them an American woman. The Armenian terrorist bombing campaign that accounted for at least 160 of the 239 attacks caused [the] vast majority of the deaths and woundings. In addition, the Armenian terrorist bombing campaign caused 160 incidents of property destruction, totaling several hundred million dollars in property damage in the United States, Europe, Middle East and Australia.
Of the 239 terrorist attacks, 71 were conducted by Armenian Americans, and 30 occurred on American soil. According to the FBI, between 1980-86, Armenian terrorism accounted for the second highest number of terrorist incidents in the United States. According to the FBI, two Armenian groups are directly responsible for this terrorism: the left-wing "Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia" (ASALA) and the right-wing "Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide" (JCAG). Twenty-two captured and incarcerated North American Armenians include:
Dikran Berberian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Vartan Chirinian, Van Nuys, ASALA
Steven John Dadaian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Hratch Kozibioukian, Van Nuys, ASALA
Siranouche Kozibioukian, Van Nuys, ASALA
Suzy Mahseredjian, San Francisco, ASALA
Monte Melkonian, Dinuba, ASALA
Krikor Saliba, Los Angeles, JCAG
Karnig Sarkissian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Harout Sassounian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Hampig Sassounian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Viken Hovespian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Vicken Tcharkhutian, Hollywood, ASALA
Viken Yacoubian, Los Angeles, JCAG
Gourgen Yanikian, Los Angeles
Haig Balian, Ottawa, ASALA
Haroutium Kevork, Ottawa, ASALA
Haig Karkhanian, Ottawa, ASALA
Melkon Karakhanian, Ottawa, ASALA
Kevork Marachelian, Ottawa, JCAG
Ohannes Noubarian, Ottawa, JCAG
Rafi Panos Titizian, Ottawa, JCAG
That's just the tip of the iceberg.
IRAN (Tehran): A bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Airlines Offices causing extensive damage. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
SPAIN (Madrid): A series of bomb attacks, resulting in numerous injuries, occurred in front of the offices of Trans World Airlines, British Airways, Swissair, and Sabena. A group calling itself the 'Commandos for Justice for the Genocide of Armenians' claimed credit for the attacks;
BELGIUM (Brussels): Two bombs exploded (within five minutes of each other) in front of the offices of the Turkish Airlines and the Soviet Aeroflot, in central Brussels. The 'New Armenian Resistance Group' issued a communique in which they claimed responsibility for both attacks;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in front of the Soviet Embassy's 'Information Center' in Paris. The 'New Armenian Resistance Group' claimed credit for the attack;
SWITZERLAND (Bern): A lone terrorist opened fire on Turkish Ambassador Dogan Turkmen, as he sat in his automobile in front of the Turkish Embassy in Bern. The Ambassador escaped with minor wounds. The would-be assassin, an Armenian named Max Klindjian, was subsequently arrested in Marseilles and returned to Switzerland for trial. The JCAG terrorist organization claimed credit for the attack;
ITALY (Rome): Offices of three airlines (Swissair, El Al, and Lufthansa) were damaged in two bomb attacks. ASALA claimed credit for the attacks. An anonymous telephone call to the Rome 'AP' offices stated that the three airlines were targeted for the following reasons: A) Swissair—as a warning to the Swiss government not to jail innocent Armenians; B) Lufthansa—as a punishment to the German government which assists Turkish fascism; and C) El Al—because of the role of Zionism.
ITALY (Rome): The Turkish Airlines' and Turkish Tourism Bureau's Rome offices on the Piazza della Republica were the sites of two bomb explosions. The blast killed two Italians and injured fourteen. Credit for the attack was claimed by the 'New Armenian Resistance of the Armenian Secret Army';
ITALY (Rome): The Turkish Ambassador to the Holy See, Vecdi Türel, was shot and seriously wounded in an attack by three Armenian terrorists, while riding in his automobile near his residence. His guard and chauffeur, Tahsin Guvenc, was also slightly wounded in the assassination attempt. JCAG claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Marseille): A rocket aimed at the Turkish Consulate in Marseilles was discovered and defused prior to exploding. ASALA and a group calling itself 'Black April' claimed credit for the attack;
Neslihan Ozmen
GREECE (Athens): Galip Ozmen, the Administrative Attaché at the Turkish Embassy in Athens, and his family were attacked by Armenian terrorists while sitting in their car. Galip Ozmen and his fourteen-year-old daughter, Neslihan, were killed in the attack. His wife, Sevil, and sixteen-year-old son, Kaan, were wounded. Credit for the double killing was claimed by ASALA;
August 5, 1980*
FRANCE (Lyon): Two terrorists stormed into the Turkish Consulate in Lyon and demanded the doorman tell them the location of the Consul. They subsequently opened fire, killing two and injuring several other bystanders. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (New York): Two 'paint bombs' were thrown at the front of the 'Turkish House' (the building housing the Turkish United Nations Delegation as well as the New York Turkish Consulate). A letter attached to one of the 'bombs' stated that the purpose of the attack was to "remind the imperialist Turkish government of the crimes they have committed against the Armenian people." It was signed: 'An Armenian Group";
FRANCE (Paris): Selcuk BakaIbasi, the Press Counselor at the Turkish Embassy in Paris, was shot twice as he entered his home. Bakalbasi survived, but is permanently paralyzed as a result of his injuries. ASALA and a group calling itself the 'Armenian Secret Army Organization' claimed responsibility for the attack;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): Two Armenian terrorists were injured when a bomb they were preparing exploded in their Geneva hotel room. The two, Suzy Mahseredjian from Canoga Park, California, and Alexander Yenikomechian, were arrested by the Swiss authorities. Their arrest led to the formation of a new ASALA affiliate (the group to which they belonged) called the 'October 3 Organization,' which subsequently struck at Swiss targets throughout the world;
ITALY (Milan): Two Italians were injured when a bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Airlines offices in Milan. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
SPAIN (Madrid): The offices of the Italian Airlines, Alitalia, were rocked by a bomb explosion which injured twelve individuals. The 'Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia' claimed responsibility for the attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): The home of the Turkish Consul General in Los Angeles, Mr. Kemal Arikan, was slightly damaged when two molotov cocktails were thrown at it. An anonymous telephone caller stated that the attack had been made in the name of Armenians;
LEBANON (Beirut): Two bombs exploded near Swiss offices in West Beirut. A few days later, a group calling itself the 'October 3 Organization' claimed responsibility for these bombings as well as others directed against Swiss offices in England;
LEBANON (Beirut): An automobile belonging to a Swiss diplomat was destroyed by a bomb blast in West Beirut. Subsequently, the 'October 3 Organization' claimed credit for the attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (New York City, New York): A bomb planted under a stolen car parked in front of the 'Turkish House' in New York City exploded. Four American citizens were injured in the blast and nearby offices experienced extensive damage. JCAG assumed responsibility for the blast in a telephone call to news media representatives;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): A travel agency in Hollywood, whose owner was a Turkish-American, was destroyed by a bomb blast. The JCAG terrorist organization claimed responsibility for the blast;
UNITED KINGDOM (London): The Turkish Tourism and Information Bureau's London offices were damaged by a bomb explosion. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
UNITED KINGDOM (London): A Swiss shopping complex in central London was damaged by a bomb blast. Callers to news agencies claimed the explosion was the work of the 'October 3 Organization';
FRANCE (Paris): A Swiss tourist office in Paris was damaged by a bomb explosion. The group calling itself the 'October 3 Organization' claimed credit for the attack;
SWITZERLAND (Interlaken): A time bomb which failed to detonate was found on a Swiss train en route from Paris to Interlaken. Law enforcement authorities believe the bomb was placed by the 'October 3 Organization';
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): The Swiss Palace of Justice in Geneva was heavily damaged by a bomb explosion. Swiss authorities announced that they believed the bomb was related to the two ASALA terrorists (Suzy Mahseredjian & Alexander Yenikomechian) arrested on October 3, 1980. Subsequently, credit for the explosion was claimed by the 'October 3 Organization';
Holdwater: The MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base (TKB) tells us Suzy Mahseredjian, from Canoga Park, was injured while these two were assembling a bomb, and was allowed to return to the USA by a Swiss court.
FRANCE (Strasbourg): Heavy damage resulted from a bomb blast at the Turkish Consulate in Strasbourg. The attack was claimed by ASALA operating in conjunction with a group calling itself the 'Turkish-Kurdish Worker's Party';
ITALY (Rome): The Rome Swiss Airlines office and the Swiss Tourist Offices were both the targets of bomb explosions, which injured five people. The 'October 3 Organization' immediately claimed credit for the explosions. Subsequently, ASALA and the 'Turkish Kurdish Worker's Party' also claimed responsibility;
ITALY (Rome): The offices of the Turkish Embassy's Tourism Representative and those of the Turkish Airlines were damaged by a bomb explosion. ASALA claimed responsibility for the blast;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): The offices of the Union of Swiss Banks in Geneva were hit by a bomb explosion which injured one individual. Responsibility for the attack was claimed by the 'October 3 Organization';
FRANCE (Marseille): A police expert defused a time bomb left at the Swiss Consulate in Marseille. Law enforcement officials believe the bomb was planted by the 'October 3 Organization';
UNITED KINGDOM (London): Two bombs placed in front of the French Tourism Office in London were defused by a Scotland Yard bomb squad. The 'October 3 Organization' claimed responsibility for the bombs, and stated they were' a warning to the French for assistance they had rendered the Swiss;
AUSTRALIA (Sydney): Two terrorists on a motorcycle assassinated Sarik Ariyak, the Turkish Consul General in Sydney, and his bodyguard, Engin Sever, as they entered their automobiles in front of the Consulate. JCAG claimed responsibility for the assassinations;
SWITZERLAND (Zurich): A bomb explosion destroyed a radar monitor at Kloten Airport (Zurich), and, a second explosive planted on the main runway of the airport was defused by bomb squad experts. The 'October 3 Organization' claimed credit for these attacks;
SPAIN (Madrid): A Spanish reporter was seriously injured while investigating a bomb explosion at the Swissair Offices in Madrid (as he telephoned the story to his paper, a second bomb destroyed the telephone booth he was using). The two explosions were claimed by the 'October 3 Organization';
LEBANON (Beirut): The Crédit-Suisse offices in Beirut were bombed. ASALA claimed credit for this attack on behalf of their 'October 3 Organization';
LEBANON (Beirut): In a press communique, ASALA threatened to "attack all Swiss diplomats throughout the world.' This threat was made in response to the alleged mistreatment of 'Suzy & Alex', the two ASALA terrorists imprisoned in Switzerland. On January 4th, ASALA issued a statement postponing all strikes against Swiss interests until January 15, 1981;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in the car of Ahmet Erbeyli, the Financial Counselor of the Turkish Embassy in Paris. Erbeyli was not injured, though the explosion totally destroyed his car and was responsible for serious damage to nearby buildings. A group calling itself the 'Alex Yenikomechian Commandos' of ASALA claimed credit for the explosion;
January27, 1981
ITALY (Milan): The Swissair and the Swiss Tourist Offices in Milan were damaged by bomb explosions. Two Italian passers-by were injured. The 'October 3 Organization' claimed credit for the bombings in a call to local media representatives;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): Los Angeles bomb squad officials disarmed a bomb left on the doorstep of the Swiss Consulate. Anonymous phone calls claimed the bomb was the work of the 'October 3 Organization' and promised that such attacks would continue until 'our friend' (Suzy Mahseredjian) was released;
FRANCE (Paris): Bombs placed at the Paris offices of Trans World Airlines and Air France exploded, injuring one and causing extensive damage. A group identifying itself as the 'October 3 Armenian Nationalism Movement' claimed credit for the attacks;
March 4, 1981*
FRANCE (Paris): Two terrorists opened fire on Resat Morali (the Labor Attache at the Turkish Embassy in Paris), Tecelli An (a Religious Affairs Official at the Embassy), and Ilkay Karakoc (the Paris representative of the 'Anadolu Bank'), as they left Morali's office and prepared to enter their automobiles. The first to be targeted was Tecelli An. Morali and Karakoç tried to flee the scene. Morali, who tried to hide in a cafe, was thrown out by the owner and shot to death by the terrorists, while Karakoç succeeded in escaping. The terrorists who were observed by numerous passers-by escaped. Tecelli An, who was seriously wounded in the opening phase of the attack, died the next day in a Parisian hospital. The 'Shahan Natali Group' of ASALA claimed responsibility for the assassinations;
Holdwater: Hopefully, the cafe owner was not treated as a hero by his genocide-supporting countrymen.
IRAN (Tehran): A group of terrorists attacked the Turkish Embassy in Tehran, killing two guards during the attempted takeover. Two of the perpetrators were captured by local authorities and were later executed. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
DENMARK (Copenhagen): Cavit Demir, the Labor Attache at the Turkish Embassy in Copenhagen, was shot by a lone terrorist as he attempted to enter his apartment building late in the evening. After a series of operations, the seriously wounded Demir regained his health. Both ASALA and the JCAG Armenian terrorists claimed the attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): Bombs planted by Armenian terrorists at the Anaheim Convention Center, forced the cancellation of performances scheduled by a Turkish Folk Dance Group. In the following days, threats of similar bombings in San Francisco forced the group's Northern California performances to be cancelled as well;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): Mehmet Savas Yerguz, a secretary in the Turkish Consulate in Geneva was assassinated by a lone terrorist as he left the Consulate. The assassin, an Armenian named Mardiros Jamgotchian was apprehended by the authorities. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack. The arrest of Jamgotchian led to the formation of a new ASALA branch called the 'Ninth of June Organization', which subsequently was responsible for several bombings of Swiss targets in Switzerland and other European countries;
FRANCE (Paris): A group of Armenian terrorists, led by one Ara Toranian, occupied the offices of the Turkish Airlines in Paris. Initially ignored by the French authorities, the terrorists, supporters of ASALA, were finally evicted from the premises, following formal protests from the Turkish Embassy;
IRAN (Tehran): A small bomb placed in the Tehran offices of Swissair exploded, causing minor damage. ASALA's 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed responsibility for the attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): A small bomb exploded in front of the Swiss Banking Corporation Offices in Los Angeles. The attack was claimed by the 'Ninth of June Organization';
SWITZERLAND (Bern): A bomb exploded in a trash bin at the Swiss Parliament Building in Bern. Subsequently, an anonymous caller claimed the attack was the work of the 'Ninth of June Organization';
SWITZERLAND (Zurich): A bomb exploded in an automatic-photo booth at Zurich's International Airport. The attack was claimed by the 'Ninth of June Organization';
SWITZERLAND (Lausanne): A bomb placed in the 'women's wear' section of a department store in Lausanne injured twenty women shoppers. ASALA's 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed credit for the attack;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): A bomb placed in a coin-operated locker at the Geneva Train Station exploded, injuring four people. Law enforcement authorities credited the attack to the 'Ninth of June Organization';
Holdwater: It is because of the actions of criminals as these that the very useful lockers at train and bus depots have become a relic of the past, at least in most of the USA.
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): A second bomb placed in a locker at the Geneva Railway Station exploded approximately one hour after the first. Police had cordoned off the area following the first explosion, thereby preventing injuries from the second. The Swiss authorities also credited this second explosion to ASALA's "Ninth of June Organization."
DENMARK (Copenhagen): Two bombs exploded and destroyed the offices of Swissair in Copenhagen. An American tourist was injured in the explosion. The 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed responsibility for the attacks;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): A small explosive device was detonated outside the offices of the Swiss Precision Instruments, Inc. in Los Angeles. The attack was claimed by ASALA's 'Ninth of June Organization'; August 20, 1981 FRANCE (Paris): An early morning bomb explosion damaged the Paris offices of the Alitalia Airlines. An anonymous caller credited the attack to the 'Armenian Movement October 3 Organization';
FRANCE (Paris): An early morning bomb explosion occurred in front of the Paris offices of Olympic Airlines. An anonymous caller claimed the attack for the 'October 3 Armenian Organization';
DENMARK (Copenhagen): A bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Airlines Offices in Copenhagen, injuring two people (one of them seriously). Police experts managed to defuse a second bomb prior to its detonation. Credit for the attack was claimed by a group calling itself 'Sixth Armenian Liberation Army';
IRAN (Tehran): A bomb explosion damaged a Swiss Embassy building in Tehran. ASALA's 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed responsibility;
September 24, 1981 *
Cemal Ozen
FRANCE (Paris): Four Armenian terrorists occupied the Turkish Consulate in Paris. During their entry into the building, the Consul, Kaya Inal, and a security guard, Cemal Ozen, were seriously wounded. 56 hostages were taken by the terrorists, 2 of whom (the terrorists) were slightly wounded. The terrorists eventually allowed the wounded Inal and Ozen to be taken to the hospital, where Ozen died from his injuries. When their demands for the release of 'Armenian political prisoners in Turkey' were not met, the terrorists requested 'political prisoner status' and surrendered to the French authorities. The four terrorists, all of whom were Armenians from Lebanon, were members of ASALA;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): The main post office and the City Courthouse of Geneva were hit by bomb explosions. The courthouse being the site where an ASALA member was scheduled to go on trial for murder. The ASALA 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed credit for the attacks, which injured one person slightly;
ITALY (Rome): A lone terrorist attempted to assassinate Gokberk Ergenekon, a Second Secretary at the Turkish Embassy in Rome. Ergenekon, who was wounded in the arm, got out of his automobile and returned the terrorist's fire. The terrorist, who was wounded by Ergenekon, managed to flee the scene of the attack. ASALA claimed credit for the attempted assassination in the name of the 'September 24th Suicide Commandos,' i.e., in the name of the ASALA terrorists who had occupied the Turkish Consulate in Paris;
FRANCE (Paris): Fouquet's, the fashionable French restaurant on the Champs-Elysees, was the target of a bomb attack which injured three employees. A group calling itself 'September-France' claimed the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A booby-trapped automobile exploded in front of 'Le Drugstore,' a fashionable shop on the Champs-Elysees. The 'September-France' group claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb explosion in the parking lot of Paris' Roissy Airport destroyed a parked car. The 'September-France' group claimed the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A second bomb exploded in a trash can near a busy escalator in the Roissy Airport. No one was injured in the explosion. The 'September-France' group claimed responsibility;
FRANCE (Paris): A crowded Paris movie theater was the site of a bomb explosion which injured three people. The 'September-France' group claimed responsibility;
SPAIN (Madrid): A bomb exploded in front of the Swissair offices in Madrid, injuring three persons. The attack, which resulted in considerable damage to nearby buildings, was claimed by ASALA;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in the Parisian Gare de Lyon train station, injuring one person and causing considerable damage to luggage lockers. Subsequently, the attack was claimed by an Armenian terrorist organization, styling itself as the 'Orly Organization';
Monte Melkonian
LEBANON (Beirut): Simultaneous bomb explosions occurred in front of three French offices in Beirut: A) the French Cultural Center; B) the Air France offices; and C) the home of the French Consul. No one was injured in the attacks which caused extensive physical damage. The 'Only Organization' (named for an Armenian arrested at the French airport on charges of using false documents), claimed the attacks, and demanded the immediate release of Monte Melkonian, the Armenian-American detained in France;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb explosion damaged an automobile parked near the Eiffel Tower in Paris. A caller claimed the attack for the 'Orly Organization' and announced that it was 'The First Warning';
FRANCE (Paris): A group of tourists disembarking from a siteseeing boat on the River Seine were subjected to a grenade attack. No one was injured. The 'Orly Organization' claimed the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): The 'Orly Organization' issued a threat to blow up an Air France airplane in flight;
LEBANON (Beirut): Simultaneous bomb attacks were carried out against three French targets in Beirut; A) the Union des Assurances de Paris; B) the Air France offices; and C) the Banque Libano-Fnançaise. No one was injured in the attacks which caused extensive physical property damage. The 'Orly Organization' claimed responsibility for the attacks;
FRANCE (Paris): The 'McDonald's Restaurant' in Paris was the site of a bomb explosion, claimed by the 'September-France' and 'Only Organization';
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb planted in the luggage lockers at Paris' Gare de l'Est railroad terminal exploded, injuring two poeple and causing property damage. The 'Orly Organization' claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): The 'Orly Organization' announced it had planted a bomb at Paris' Cane du Nord. No explosive device was located;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): The Turkish Consulate in Beverly Hills was hit by a bomb explosion which caused extensive physical damage. The JCAC Armenian terrorist organization claimed credit for the attack;
CANADA (Toronto): A bomb exploded at the Turkish Consulate in Toronto causing extensive damage. The ASALA terrorists claimed the attack.
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): Two bombs exploded near parked automobiles in Geneva. The ASALA 'Ninth of June Organization' claimed credit for the attacks;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded at a branch of the Union of Banks of Paris, and a second explosive device was disarmed at a branch of the Credit Lyonnais. The 'Orly Organization' claimed credit for the two explosive devices;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in the Air France office in the Palais des Congrés in Paris. The 'Only Organization' claimed the attack;
Kemal Arikan
Hampig Sassounian
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): Kemal Anikan, the Turkish Consul General in Los Angeles was assassinated by two terrorists while driving to work. One of the assassins, Hampig Sassounian (a 19 year old immigrant from Lebanon) was arrested and subsequently tried and convicted of the crime. He is currently serving a life sentence in California's San Quentin prison. His accomplice, believed to be one Krikor Saliba, escaped to Lebanon. The JCAG Armenian terrorist group took credit for the assassination;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Cambridge, Massachusetts): A gift and import shop belonging to Orhan Gündüz, the Honorary Turkish Consul in Boston, was bombed, and Gündüz was severely wounded by the bomb explosion. The JCAG claimed responsibility for the attack:
LEBANON (Beirut): A movie theater in the Armenian section of Beirut (which frequently showed Turkish films), was destroyed by a powerful bomb explosion, which killed two people and injured more than sixteen. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
CANADA (Ottawa): Kani Güngör, the Commercial Attaché at the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa, was seriously wounded in an attack by Armenian terrorists which took place in the garage of his apartment house. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (Dortmund): Several Turkish owned businesses suffered extensive damages in bomb attacks. The 'New Armenian Resistance Organization' claimed responsibility for the bombings;
May 4, 1982*
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Cambridge, Massachusetts): Orhan Gündüz, the Turkish Honorary Consul in Boston, was assassinated while driving his automobile, by a lone Armenian terrorist. The JCAG group claimed responsibility for the attack. Despite the fact that U.S. President Ronald Reagan ordered an all-out manhunt for the assassin, no one was apprehended;
SWITZERLAND (Geneva): Bombs exploded at two Geneva banks. The attacks, which caused extensive physical damage, were claimed by an Armenian group calling itself the 'World Punishment Organization';
CANADA (Toronto): A total of four Armenians were arrested on charges of attempting to extort money from Armenian businessmen to support the 'Armenian Cause.' The home of one of the intended victims was firebombed a day after he refused to comply with the terrorists' demands;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Tampa, Florida): Nash Kanahan, the Honorary Turkish Consul in Tampa, repulsed (by drawing a gun) the attempt of two Armenian terrorists to enter the Consulate offices;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): A bomb damaged the Los Angeles office of the Swiss Banking Corporation. Four Southern California Armenians (Vicken Tchankutian, Hratch Kozibioukian, Stranouche Kozibioukian, and Vrant Chininian), all of whom are accused of involvement in ASALA, were suspected of perpetrating this attack;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): Three American Armenian members of ASALA were arrested and charged with placing an explosive device in front of the Air Canada Cargo Building at the Los Angeles International Airport. The bomb was defused by members of the L.A. Police Department's bomb squad.
PORTUGAL (Lisbon): The Administrative Attaché at the Turkish Embassy in Lisbon, Enkut Akbay, and his wife, Nadide Akbay, were assassinated by a lone terrorist in front of their home. JCAG claimed responsibility for the attack;
NETHERLANDS (Rotterdam): Kemalettin Demiren, the Turkish Consul General in Rottendam, was shot at in his automobile (as he approached the Consulate) by four Armenian terrorists (one of whom was apprehended by Dutch police). Deminer escaped injury in the incident. A previously unknown group calling itself the 'Armenian Red Army' claimed responsibility for the attempted assassination;
Holdwater: The perpetrator, Penyemin Evingulu, was sentenced to six years by the Dutch.
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb explosion near a crowded Parisian cafe in the Place Saint-Sevnin, injured sixteen people. Credit for the explosion was claimed by the 'Orly Organization,' who stated that it was in retaliation for the failure of French authorities to keep their promise to grant political asylum to the four terrorists who perpetrated the takeover of the Turkish Consulate on September 24, 1981;
FRANCE (Paris): Two women were injured when a bomb exploded in Paris' 'Pub Saint Genmaine.' The 'Only Organization' claimed the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): Pierre Gulumian, a suspected Armenian terrorist, was killed (apparently when a bomb he was making exploded) in his Paris apartment;
TURKEY (Ankara): Ankara's Esenboga Airport was subjected to a major attack by two Armenian terrorists who opened fine in a crowded passenger waiting room with guns and grenades. One of the terrorists took more than twenty hostages in the airport's restaurant, while the second was apprehended by police. In the ensuing shootout with the hostage-holding terrorist, nine individuals (including an American and a West German hostage) were killed. Eighty-two others were injured. ASALA claimed credit for the attack. The apprehended terrorist, Levon Ekmekjian, was subsequently tried, convicted and executed for his role in the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): French bomb squad officials successfully defused a bomb found near a telephone center in Paris 'Seventeenth District.' The 'Orly Organization' took credit for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A policeman assigned to protect the offices of the Turkish Tourism Attaché in Paris was fired upon by Armenian terrorists. He escaped the attack without injury. No group claimed credit for this attack;
August 27, 1982*
CANADA (Ottawa): Colonel Atilla Altikat, the Military Attaché at the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa, was assassinated by a volley of shots fired into his can at a stoplight in Ottawa. The JCAG Armenian terrorist organization claimed responsibility for the assassination;
BULGARIA (Bungaz): Bora Suelkan, the Administrative Attaché at the Turkish Consulate in Burgaz, was assassinated by a lone terrorist in front of his home. The assassin escaped, leaving behind a piece of cloth upon which was written: 'We shot dead the Turkish diplomat: Combat Units of Justice Against the Armenian Genocide.' An anonymous caller to the 'AP' in Beirut, Lebanon, claimed the assassination was the work of ASALA;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): Five Armenians were charged with conspiring to blow up the offices of the Honorary Turkish Consul in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Their plan was to have planted a bomb in the offices of Kanat Arbay, the Honorary Consul. The five Armenians, all from the Los Angeles area, were mentioned in the arrest warrants as being attached to the JCAG Armenian terrorist organization;
December 8, 1982*
GREECE (Athens): Two Armenians on a motorbike threw a bomb at the offices of the Saudi Arabian Airlines in Athens. The bomb hit a power pylon, exploded, and killed one of the terrorists. His accomplice, an Armenian from Iran named Vaheh Kontaverdian, was arrested and admitted throwing the bomb, though he refused to give any further information to the police. Greek law enforcement authorities subsequently announced that ASALA had claimed credit for the attack in protest of Saudi Arabia's support for Turkey;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Anaheim, California): Nine 'sophisticated' pipe bombs were confiscated from an Armenian bakery in Anaheim, after the detonator from one of the devices detonated and caused a fire. The owner, an Armenian named Hagop Avedisian, told police he had not been threatened;
FRANCE (Paris): French police defused a powerful explosive device (a one kilogram bomb), which was discovered near the Turkish Airlines Counter at Paris' Orly Airport. ASALA claimed responsibility for the incident;
FRANCE (Paris): Two terrorists attacked the Paris offices of the Turkish Airlines in Paris with hand grenades. No one was injured in the explosions, and one of the terrorists was arrested. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
BELGIUM (Brussels): The offices of the Turkish Airlines were bombed in Brussels. The 'New Armenian Resistance Organization' claimed responsibility for the attack;
LUXEMBOURG: A bomb placed in front of Turkey's diplomatic mission was discovered and defused. The Armenian Reporter, an Armenian publication in New York, reported that the group known as the 'New Armenian Resistance Organization' had issued a communique claiming credit for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded at the Turkish owned 'Manmara Travel Agency' in Paris. Killed in the explosion was Renee Monin, a French secretary. Four other Frenchmen were wounded in the explosion. The bomb also caused heavy damage to the building. A few minutes after the attack, ASALA claimed responsibility;
Galip Balkar
YUGOSLAVIA (Belgrade): Galip Balkar, the Turkish Ambassador to Yugoslavia, was ambushed and assassinated by two Armenian terrorists in Central Belgrade. His chauffeur, Necati Kayer, was shot in the stomach. As the two assailants fled from the scene, they were chased by Yugoslav citizens. One of the terrorists shot and wounded a Yugoslav colonel, and in turn was shot and apprehended by a plain clothes policeman. The second terrorist opened fire on civilians who were chasing him and killed a young student, and wounded a young girl. The JCAG claimed responsibility for the attack. The two terrorists, Kirkor Levonian and Raffi Elbekian, were tried and sentenced by the Yugoslav authorities;
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (Frankfurt): An anonymous caller claiming to represent ASALA, telephoned a threat to the German offices of the Turkish newspaper, Tercuman in Frankfurt. He threatened to bomb the offices and kill the staff if the newspaper continued writing against the 'Armenian Cause';
BELGIUM (Brussels): Bombs exploded in front of the Turkish Embassy's Culture and Information Offices, and in front of a Turkish owned travel agency (the 'Manmara') in downtown Brussels. The Italian director of the travel agency was wounded in the explosion. ASALA claimed credit for the attacks;
TURKEY (Istanbul): Armenian terrorists carried out an attack with hand grenades and automatic weapons inside Istanbul's world famous 'Covered Bazaar.' Two Turkish citizens were killed in the attack (together with one of the terrorists), and twenty one other Turks were wounded. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): Armenian terrorists attacked the offices of the 'British Council' (the official British Government Cultural Organization), protesting against the trial of Armenian terrorists in London;
July 14, 1983 *
BELGIUM (Brussels): Armenian terrorists shot and killed Dursun Aksoy, the Administrative Attache at the Turkish Embassy in Brussels, while he was driving his automobile. Three groups, ASALA, JCAG, and a previously unknown organization, the 'Armenian Revolutionary Army' (Hereafter: ARA), all claimed responsibility for the assassination;
V. Garabedian
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb exploded in front of the Turkish Airlines counter at Paris' Only Airport. The explosion killed eight people, including four Frenchmen, two Turks, one American, and one Swede. In addition, some 60 other individuals (including 28 Turks) were injured by the explosion. A 29 year old Syrian-Armenian named Varoujan Garabedian, who claimed to be the head of ASALA in France, confessed to having planted the bomb. He admitted that the bomb was intended to have exploded once the plane was airborne;
UNITED KINGDOM (London): A bomb, similar in construction to that which exploded at Only on the same day, was found and defused before it exploded. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Lyon): A bomb threat was made by ASALA against the Lyon Railroad Station;
FRANCE (Lyon): Armenian terrorists threatened to blow up Lyon's Pernache Railroad Station, causing the facility's evacuation. ASALA claimed credit for the threat;
IRAN (Tehran): A French Embassy building and the Air France office in Tehran were bombed. ASALA claimed the attack in the name of the 'Orly Organization';
Cahide Mihcioglu
PORTUGAL (Lisbon): A group of five Armenian terrorists attempted to storm the Turkish Embassy in Lisbon. Failing to gain access to the Chancery, they occupied the residence, taking the Deputy Chief of the Mission, his wife and family, hostage. When explosives being planted by the terrorists detonated, Cahide Mihcioglu (the wife of the DCM) was killed, together with four of the terrorists. The DCM, Yurtsev Mihcioglu and his son Atasay were injured. The fifth terrorist had been killed in the initial assault by Turkish Security forces. One Portugeuse policeman was also killed and another was wounded. The ARA claimed responsibility;
FRANCE (Lyon): Once again a threat that a bomb was planted in Lyon's Penrache Railroad Station forced the evacuation of the facility. The caller claimed the bomb was planted by ASALA. A thorough search of the facility failed to uncover any explosive device;
IRAN (Tehran): A threat to blow up the French Embassy in Tehran with a rocket attack, caused Iranian officials to increase security at the facility. The threat emanated from the 'Orly Organization' who demanded the release of twenty-one Armenians imprisoned in France;
FRANCE (Lyon & Rennes): Bomb threats made by Armenian terrorists forced French authorities to order the emergency landing of two domestic French flights carrying 424 passengers. The planes landed at Lyon and Rennes respectively. A search of the airliners failed to uncover any explosives;
IRAN (Tehran): A bomb exploded in an automobile at the French Embassy in Tehran. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
IRAN (Tehran): A car being driven by a local representative of Air France in Tehran was attacked by automatic weapons. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY: French Consulate offices were destroyed by a bomb blast which killed two and injured twenty-three others. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
IRAN (Tehran): Two French Embassy cans in Tehran were firebombed. One of the bombs injured two embassy staff members. ASALA claimed credit for the attacks;
October 1, 1983 *
FRANCE (Marseille): A bomb blast destroyed the Soviet, U.S., and Algerian pavilions at an International Trade Fair in Marseille. One man was killed and twenty-six other people were injured in the explosion. ASALA's 'Orly Organization' claimed credit for the attack;
IRAN (Tehran): A French Embassy vehicle was bombed in Tehran. Two passengers were injured in the explosion. The 'Orly Organization' claimed credit for the attack;
LEBANON (Beirut): A can drove up to the front of the French Embassy in Beirut. One man got out and threw a hand grenade onto the staircase leading into the building. He was apprehended by security guards, but his accomplices escaped. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
LEBANON (Beirut): The Turkish Embassy was attacked by three Armenian terrorists. One of the assailants, Sarkis Danielian, a 19 year old Lebanese Armenian was apprehended by guards. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A terrorist threat that a bomb had been placed on an Air France plane scheduled for a 1:00 p.m. departure, forced a one and a half hour delay of an Air France Flight to New York. A thorough search of the airliner did not discover any explosives;
March 28, 1984 *
IRAN (Tehran): A timed series of Armenian terrorist attacks were carried out against Turkish diplomatic targets in the Iranian capital of Tehran. The following incidents occurred:
a) Two Armenian terrorists shot and seriously wounded Ismail Pamukcu, a Master-Sargeant assigned to the office of the Turkish Military Attaché in Tehran. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
b) Hasan Servet Oktem, First Secretary of the Turkish Embassy was slightly wounded in an attempted assassination as he left his home;
c) Ibrahim Ozdemir, the Administrative Attaché at the Turkish Embassy alerted Iranian police to the fact that two suspicious looking men were standing in front of his house. The two men, who turned out to be Armenian terrorists, were arrested by the Iranian authorities;
d) At 2:00 p.m. in the afternoon, Iranian police arrested three Armenian terrorists who were loitering outside the Chancery of the Turkish Embassy;
e) An Armenian terrorist was killed when a bomb he was attempting to plant in the car of the Assistant Commercial Counselor at the Turkish Embassy exploded prematurely.The counselor, lsil Unel was not injured. The dead terrorist was later identified as an Armenian named Sultan Gregorian Semaperdan;
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (Los Angeles, California): The Turkish Consulate in Los Angeles received a written threat to assassinate a Turkish athlete should he attempt to participate in the forthcoming Los Angeles Olympics. The threat was signed by ASALA;
LEBANON (Beirut): A Communique warning all international airlines with flights to Turkey that they would be considered as military targets, was issued in Beirut by ASALA;
TURKEY (Ankara): It was announced that the Turkish Prime Minister, Turgut Ozal, had received a threat warning him that if he went ahead with a pIanned visit to Tehran, Iran, ASALA would schedule a major terrorist operation against his country;
April 28, 1984*
Isik Yonder
IRAN (Tehran): Two Armenian terrorists riding a motorcycle, opened fire on a car driven by lsik Yönder, as he drove his wife, Sadiye Yönder to the Turkish Embassy where she worked as a secretary. lsik Yönder was killed in the attack. The assassination was claimed by ASALA;
AUSTRIA (Vienna): A bomb exploded in a car belonging to Erdogan Ozen, an Assistant Labor and Social Affairs Counselor at the Turkish Embassy in Vienna. Ozen was killed in the explosion, and five other individuals (including two Austrian policemen) were seriously wounded in the attack. The ARA terrorists claimed credit for the attack;
Holdwater: The female caller (said to be from Paris) explained that Vienna had been chosen for its "...Symbolic value, because those who avenge the genocide struck there for the first time in 1975."
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: A news agency office in Paris, France received a letter sent by ASALA, in which the Armenian terrorist organization threatened to attack all governments, organizations, and companies, who assisted in any way whatsoever, Turkey's olympic team at the Los Angeles Olympics.
FRANCE (Lyon): A bomb exploded in the Lyon Railroad Station, causing minor damage due to a malfunction. ASALA claimed credit for the attack;
IRAN (Tehran): Several Turkish owned firms in Tehran came under attack by Armenian terrorists, following receipt of warning letters informing the firms that they were to be targeted. The first such attack was an explosive device thrown into the offices of the major Turkish Construction Firm, the Sezai Turkes-Fevzi Akkaya Company. A Turkish employee was injured while fighting the fire caused by the explosion;
IRAN (Tehran): Iranian authorities announced that they had foiled a plot by Armenian terrorists to assassinate Ismet Birsel, the Turkish Ambassador to Tehran;
TURKEY (Istanbul): An explosion in a car parked near the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, killed two Lebanese-Armenians. Authorities speculate they were killed when a bomb they were trying to place, exploded prematurely. The ARA terrorist organization claimed credit for the explosion;
AUSTRIA (Vienna): A Turkish national, Enver Ergun, employed by the United Nations' Vienna 'Center for Social Development and Humanitarian Affairs,' was assassinated while waiting for a red light in his automobile. A piece of cloth bearing the initials: A.R.A. was thrown into the car by the fleeing assassin;
Holdwater: Shots fired numbered six.
BELGIUM (Brussels): Belgian law enforcement authorities continue to investigate a bombing attempt at the residence of Selcuk Incesu, an official at the Turkish Embassy in Brussels. Police discovered an explosive device in front of his apartment. No group has claimed the attack;
LEBANON (Beirut): Two French buildings in East Beirut were bombed. ASALA claimed credit for the attacks;
FRANCE (Paris): Following receipt of an ASALA threat to blow up an Air France plane in flight, police increased security at the Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris;
LEBANON (Beirut): The West Beirut offices of the Agence France Presse were extensively damaged when a bomb exploded. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
LEBANON (Beirut): Military bomb disposal experts defused a six-pound bomb planted outside the entrance to the 'French-Lebanese' bank in the Ram let al-Baida district of West Beirut. ASALA claimed responsibility for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): An anonymous caller claiming to represent ASALA threatened to attack French interests all over the world. The call which was made to Agence France Presse, threatened French authorities over the verdict meted out to three terrorists who had participated in the Orly attack;
CANADA (Ottawa): Three heavily armed Armenian terrorists stormed the Turkish Embassy in Ottawa, killing a Canadian Pinkerton security guard in the process. After blowing up the front door with explosives the gunmen entered the building. Ambassador Coskun Kirca managed to escape by jumping from a second-story window (and suffered extensive injuries in the fall). He remained lying on the ground throughout the ensuing four-hour siege. Finally, the hostages (who included the wife and daughter of the Ambassador) were released unharmed and the terrorists surrendered. The ARA claimed responsibility for the attack. The three apprehended terrorists are currently awaiting trial in Canada;
Holdwater: The hostages numbered eleven in all; the terrorists gave up in four hours.
CANADA (Toronto): A threat to blow up the city of Toronto's transit system by an Armenian terrorist organization, led to massive security procedures being implemented in Toronto. Traffic during the city's rush hours was stalled as police searched the subway system for explosives. A group calling itself the 'Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of our Homeland' claimed responsibility for the threat;
BELGIUM (Brussels): A special anti-terrorist security squad of the Belgian police arrested three suspected Armenian terrorists (carrying Portuguese passports), who were loitering outside the residence of Ambassador Osman Olcay, Turkey's NATO Envory in Brussels. Investigations are continuing;
FRANCE (Paris): French police arrested the American-Armenian leader of the terrorist organization known as the 'Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia-Revolutionary Movement' (ASALA-RM), Mr. Monte Melkonian. Melkonian, from the Fresno area of California, was formerly a top lieutenant of Hagop Hagopian, the founder of ASALA, who split from ASALA and formed his own terrorist organization (ASALA-RM) following the ASALA attack on the Orly Airport. In Melkonian's apartment, police confiscated weapons, explosive devices, and arrival and departure information on Turkish Ships scheduled to visit France. In addition, they found a picture of Turkey's Ambassador of France, Adnan Bulak, leading to speculation that he may have been targeted for assassination by ASALA-RM;
FRANCE (Paris): Forty-one shoppers in two of Paris' leading department stores (Gallerie Lafayette & Printemps) were injured when nearly simultaneous bomb explosions ripped through the stores. Police estimate that in the ensuing panic some 10,000 Christmas shoppers fled into the streets. Twelve of the injured are listed as serious. The Armenian Reporter, a U.S. Armenian weekly published in New York, reported in its December 12, 1985 issue that French law enforcement authorities are concentrating their investigation on ASALA as the most likely perpetrator of the bombings. ASALA took credit for the two bombings;
FRANCE (Paris): A hitherto unknown group calling itself 'Committee of Solidarity with Arab and Middle Eastern Political Prisoners' (CSAMEPP), carried out a series of four bombings in various sections of the French capital. Given the fact that their demands included the release of an ASALA terrorist, Varoujan Garabedian, currently imprisoned in France, the likelihood that 'CSAMEPP' represents a coalition effort between Armenian and Arab terrorists is high;
FRANCE (Lyon): An express train travelling from Lyon to Paris was bombed, resulting in injuries to 10 passengers. Both 'CSAMEPP' and 'ASALA' claimed credit for the attack;
FRANCE (Paris): A bomb placed in a busy Paris shopping arcade exploded killing two and wounding oven 30 others. This attack was claimed by the 'CSAMEPP' group which once again reiterated its demand that Varoujan Garabedian, the ASALA terrorist convicted for the 1983 bombing of the Turkish Airlines Counter at Orly Airport, be released;
FRANCE (Paris): The detonator of a bomb planted on a Paris commuter train went off, but the bomb itself was defused after passengers were evacuated. The group calling itself 'Committee of Solidarity with Arab and Middle Eastern Political Prisoners' (CSAMEPP) claimed credit for the attack and repeated its demand for the release of three imprisoned terrorists, including ASALA's Varoujan Garabedian;
FRANCE (Paris): Paris' City Hall was rocked by a powerful bomb explosion which killed a post office employee and wounded 18 other individuals. The 'CSAMEPP' group claimed responsibility, once again restating their demand for the release of ASALA's Varoujan Ganabedian and two other Middle Eastern terrorists held in France;
September 10-15, 1986*
FRANCE (Paris): A series of bombings throughout the city of Paris resulted in the deaths of two and injuries of close to 100 people. 'CSAMEPP' claimed credit;
September 16, 1986*
FRANCE (Paris): Five people were killed and 52 wounded when a bomb planted by the 'CSAMEPP' terrorists exploded in the Montpannasse Quarter of the French capital. The terrorists reiterated their demand that ASALA's Vanoujan Garabedian and two other Middle Eastern terrorists be freed from French prisons;
LEBANON (Beirut): The 'Armenian Secret Army for the the Liberation of Armenia' (ASALA) released a handwritten statement to western news agencies in Beirut, threatening more violence against France, unless Varoujan Garabedian and two other Middle Eastern terrorists were released from prison. The statement claimed that ASALA would strike at French planes, airports, ships, trains and diplomats in retaliation for police raids on homes of Armenians living in France. It further promised France would be hit with "additional blows with vast damage and grave consequences' if Garabedian were not freed. The wording of the 'ASALA' statement leaves no doubt but that this Armenian terrorist organization was one of the perpetrators of the series of bombings which rocked Paris in September, and, which resulted in the deaths of 10 people and the wounding of more than 160 others;
LEBANON (Beirut): Three 'ASALA' terrorists, led by the organization's spokesman, Mihran Mihranian, met with French newsmen in the Lebanese capital, and renewed their threats to strike French targets unless their imprisoned comrades are released. They claimed to have been negotiating with French authorities, and their spokesman Mihranian stated: "We are waiting for the French government to keep its promise [the release of Ganabedian]. Otherwise we will resume our operations, which we can assure will be more vicious. ASALA has already declared that all French presence in the world are military targets. We defy Chirac and promise Mitterand catastrophies in the event they renege on their promise, that is, the release of political prisoners.;"
Holdwater: It has been speculated that Mihranian was an alias for the elusive Hagop Hagopian, head ASALA honcho.
FRANCE (Paris): A half dozen Armenian terrorists, claiming to represent the 'Armenian Revolutionary Army,' occupied the Air Canada offices in Paris in protest for the sentencing of three Armenian terrorists in Canada. After barricading themselves in the offices for an hour they surrendered to police;
AUSTRALIA (Melbourne): A powerful can bomb exploded inside the basement of the Turkish Consulate in this Australian city, killing one person and causing considerable damage to the five-story building. The victim was subsequently identified as one of the perpetrators, an Armenian named Hagop Levonian. His accomplice, Levon Demirian of Victoria was subsequently arrested and changed with the bombing. This Armenian terrorist attack was claimed by a group calling itself the 'Greek-Bulgarian-Armenian Front' (GBAF). This was the first occasion upon which Armenian terrorists have utilized this name;
AUSTRALIA (Brisbane): A bomb exploded in a package at a mail sorting facility and injured six people. Responsibility for the explosion was claimed by the group calling itself 'Greek- Bulgarian-Armenian Front' (GBAF);
GREECE (Athens): On the occasion of its 12th. Anniversary, the 'Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia' (ASALA), issued a message to the Armenian people, from their headquarters in Athens, Greece. The message, which appears to have emanated from ASALA's political arm, the Athens based 'Armenian Popular Movement,' names the enemies of the Armenian people as "the Turkish fascist state, and its supporters, international imperialism and zionism. . .' The ASALA message received wide coverage in the Greek press, including the pro-government english-language daily 'Athens News' which published quotes from the 'ASALA' communique;
LEBANON (Beirut): A communique issued in the Lebanese capital confirmed ASALA's responsibility for the 1986 bombings in the French capital of Paris. In a typewritten statement delivered to a western news agency in Beirut, the Armenian terrorist organization stated: "France should start adopting the needed steps and procedures to release Armenians as well as Arab patriots. A truce like period of calm between us and the French government must have convinced the public opinion that we respect the interests and security of the French and other peoples. The wave of explosions will return to the streets of France, all French economic, air traffic and marine facilities will be subjected to sabotage.' ASALA further claimed responsibility for the 1986 Paris bombings and reiterated its demand for the release of Vanoujan Garabedian.
(*indicates attacks resulting in deaths.)
PARTIAL UPDATE
Naturally, Dr. Lowry's list which listed incidents until its preparation time of Feb. 1987 did not include terrorist episodes occurring after that month and year. Unfortunately, I don't have the time to prepare an extensive epilogue; the following has been obtained from the MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base (TKB).
Dr. Lowry's March 2-8, 1986 conclusion that the "coalition effort between Armenian and Arab terrorists is high" may explain that some of these later incidents might have had something to do with the itch to commit terrorism, even if the cause no longer serves reason.
Oct. 5, 1987 (page)
LEBANON. Two French Embassy guards were killed and another critically wounded when gunmen opened fire on them as they were shopping in East Beirut. A person claiming to be a spokesman for ASALA claimed responsibility, while others close to the group denied having carried out the attack. Another group called the Tanyus Shahin Armed Unit also claimed responsibility, demanding that the French release George Ibrahim Abdallah from prison and stop interfering with Lebanese affairs.
Feb. 2, 1988 (page)
LEBANON. A Frenchman, identified as an intelligence agent, was killed by two gunmen firing from point-blank range in East Beirut. Jacques Merrin was killed just minutes after conferring with the director of Lebanese Internal Security. Papers Merrin was carrying at the time of his death were stolen by his assailants. A statement claiming the assassination by ASALA was followed by another statement denying involvement.
Dec. 19, 1991 (page)
HUNGARY. A gunman attacked the bullet-proof limousine carrying the Turkish Ambassador to Budapest. The ambassador was not injured in the attack, which was claimed by ASALA in Paris. The attack was the first attack against a Turkish diplomat in six years by the radical Armenian group.
October 24, 1995 (page)
BELGIUM. A bomb was found and defused at the Ziraat Turkish bank branch in Brussels. The Armenian Resistance Group claimed responsibility.
NETHERLANDS. A Semtex bomb wrapped in a white plastic bag was found and defused at a Turkish bank in Amsterdam. A group called Armenian Resistance Group claimed responsibility for the attempted bombing.
June 20, 1997 (page)
BELGIUM. A bomb exploded at the Turkish Embassy in Brussels. A caller claimed responsibility in the name of Gourken Yanikian Military Units, a cover name formally used by ASALA. The perpetrator could possibly be a lone Armenian or the PKK using the cover name. PKK deny responsibility.
The ethnicterror.org site offers extra insight regarding Armenian terrorist events of more recent years, featuring a chronology as well.
Another page on Armenian terrorists
Murdered diplomats


A breakdown of the precious and materials and finishes available for our wedding bands.
The warm brilliant white colour in White Gold is achieved by a careful choice of the alloying metals, which bleach the deep yellow of pure gold.
The overall amount of gold within the composition remains the same for White Gold as it is for Yellow or Rose.
As there is no nickel in our White Gold alloy, it is hypo-allergenic.
Gold is generally impervious to tarnish.
Popular for its neutral colour, making it easy to match with most styles and outfits.
Gold is precious and enduring element found naturally in a distinct yellow colour.
The vibrant yellow hue of gold is maintained, whilst a mixture of silver and copper alloys strengthen the metal.
The overall amount of gold within the composition remains the same for Yellow Gold as it is for White or Rose.
As there is no nickel in our Yellow Gold alloy, it is hypo-allergenic.
The yellow colour is loved for its classic allure.
The beautiful pink hue of Rose Gold is created by the copper in the composition of the metal.
The overall amount of gold within the composition remains the same for Rose Gold as it is for Yellow or White.
As there is no nickel in our Rose Gold alloy, it is hypo-allergenic.
The blushing pink is flattering to most skin tones.
Platinum 950 is a naturally white metal. It does not need to be alloyed for colour. It is also a high density precious metal and is one of the heaviest metals used to make wedding bands. Platinum 950 is beautifully weighted, 50% heavier than similar pieces in gold.
Four times stronger than gold, Platinum is renowned for its hard-wearing properties, resistance to damage and wear.
It is also significantly more difficult to manipulate as compared to Gold. Combined with its rarity, this results in Platinum's higher price.
Hypo-allergenic properties make it ideal for sensitive skin.
The metal is highly resistant to tarnish.
Platinum's natural white sheen will never fade or change colour.
Though it is the strongest of metals, platinum can incur a scratch and develop a patina of wear. The patina is considered by many to be a unique and often desirable attribute. However, it's reflective lustre can easily be revived by merely buffing it with a soft cloth.
A rugged matte finish with honeycombed structure; available in a large or small honeycomb.


The Citizen CL-S621 provides users with unparalleled features in the desktop thermal printer class. With crisp 200 dpi printing for images or fine text and an unprecedented 360-meter ribbon for greater productivity and reduced downtime the CL-S621 is a high-performance printer built for the desktop environment. Citizen's unique metal Hi-Lift mechanism allows easy access for loading of media and/or ribbons and the adjustable media sensor can handle a wide variety of label configurations including standard and pediatric medical wristbands. The powerful on-board 32 Bit RISC processor delivers exceptional throughput and fast first label out. The CL-S621 comes standard with internal serial and USB interfaces. Optional Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Parallel interfaces are also available. Two year warranty.
CL-S621-GRY	 CL-S621, Direct thermal and thermal transfer printing, 203 dpi, 4.1" print width, 6"/sec DT and 4"/sec TT print speed, USB and RS-232 Serial interfaces.
The Citizen CL-S621-GRY is also known as Citizen America	CIT-CL-S621-GRY	or CLS621GRY	.


The CoPilot Card is a revolutionary automobile card that acts like your driving companion or co-pilot. The first of its kind in Malaysia, the CoPilot Card gives you fast access to legal assistance, comprehensive insurance solution and services, and prepaid cash card convenience ALL in ONE. The card is launched in Singapore in Nov 2015.