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Plato's Dream
The Hiltons' Holiday
Rhymes of Childhood
Earth and Her Praisers
The Boarded Window
Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe by Nathaniel Hawthorne
The following is the complete text of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Mr. Higginbotham's Catastrophe, from his Twice-Told Tales. The various books, short stories and poems we offer are presented free of charge with absolutely no advertising as a public service from Internet Accuracy Project.
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MR. HIGGINBOTHAM'S CATASTROPHE
by Nathaniel Hawthorne
A young fellow, a tobacco pedlar by trade, was on his way from Morristown, where he had dealt largely with the Deacon of the Shaker settlement, to the village of Parker's Falls, on Salmon River. He had a neat little cart, painted green, with a box of cigars depicted on each side panel, and an Indian chief, holding a pipe and a golden tobacco stalk, on the rear. The pedlar drove a smart little mare, and was a young man of excellent character, keen at a bargain, but none the worse liked by the Yankees; who, as I have heard them say, would rather be shaved with a sharp razor than a dull one. Especially was he beloved by the pretty girls along the Connecticut, whose favor he used to court by presents of the best smoking tobacco in his stock; knowing well that the country lasses of New England are generally great performers on pipes. Moreover, as will be seen in the course of my story, the pedlar was inquisitive, and something of a tattler, always itching to hear the news and anxious to tell it again.
After an early breakfast at Morristown, the tobacco pedlar, whose name was Dominicus Pike, had travelled seven miles through a solitary piece of woods, without speaking a word to anybody but himself and his little gray mare. It being nearly seven o'clock, he was as eager to hold a morning gossip as a city shopkeeper to read the morning paper. An opportunity seemed at hand when, after lighting a cigar with a sun-glass, he looked up, and perceived a man coming over the brow of the hill, at the foot of which the pedlar had stopped his green cart. Dominicus watched him as he descended, and noticed that he carried a bundle over his shoulder on the end of a stick, and travelled with a weary, yet determined pace. He did not look as if he had started in the freshness of the morning, but had footed it all night, and meant to do the same all day.
"Good morning, mister," said Dominicus, when within speaking distance. "You go a pretty good jog. What's the latest news at Parker's Falls?"
The man pulled the broad brim of a gray hat over his eyes, and answered, rather sullenly, that he did not come from Parker's Falls, which, as being the limit of his own day's journey, the pedlar had naturally mentioned in his inquiry.
"Well then," rejoined Dominicus Pike, "let's have the latest news where you did come from. I'm not particular about Parker's Falls. Any place will answer."
Being thus importuned, the traveller--who was as ill looking a fellow as one would desire to meet in a solitary piece of woods--appeared to hesitate a little, as if he was either searching his memory for news, or weighing the expediency of telling it. At last, mounting on the step of the cart, he whispered in the ear of Dominicus, though he might have shouted aloud and no other mortal would have heard him.
"I do remember one little trifle of news," said he. "Old Mr. Higginbotham, of Kimballton, was murdered in his orchard, at eight o'clock last night, by an Irishman and a nigger. They strung him up to the branch of a St. Michael's pear-tree, where nobody would find him till the morning."
As soon as this horrible intelligence was communicated, the stranger betook himself to his journey again, with more speed than ever, not even turning his head when Dominicus invited him to smoke a Spanish cigar and relate all the particulars. The pedlar whistled to his mare and went up the hill, pondering on the doleful fate of Mr. Higginbotham whom he had known in the way of trade, having sold him many a bunch of long nines, and a great deal of pigtail, lady's twist, and fig tobacco. He was rather astonished at the rapidity with which the news had spread. Kimballton was nearly sixty miles distant in a straight line; the murder had been perpetrated only at eight o'clock the preceding night; yet Dominicus had heard of it at seven in the morning, when, in all probability, poor Mr. Higginbotham's own family had but just discovered his corpse, hanging on the St. Michael's pear-tree. The stranger on foot must have worn seven-league boots to travel at such a rate.
"Ill news flies fast, they say," thought Dominicus Pike; "but this beats railroads. The fellow ought to be hired to go express with the President's Message."
The difficulty was solved by supposing that the narrator had made a mistake of one day in the date of the occurrence; so that our friend did not hesitate to introduce the story at every tavern and country store along the road, expending a whole bunch of Spanish wrappers among at least twenty horrified audiences. He found himself invariably the first bearer of the intelligence, and was so pestered with questions that he could not avoid filling up the outline, till it became quite a respectable narrative. He met with one piece of corroborative evidence. Mr. Higginbotham was a trader; and a former clerk of his, to whom Dominicus related the facts, testified that the old gentleman was accustomed to return home through the orchard about nightfall, with the money and valuable papers of the store in his pocket. The clerk manifested but little grief at Mr. Higginbotham's catastrophe, hinting, what the pedlar had discovered in his own dealings with him, that he was a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice. His property would descend to a pretty niece who was now keeping school in Kimballton.
What with telling the news for the public good, and driving bargains for his own, Dominicus was so much delayed on the road that he chose to put up at a tavern, about five miles short of Parker's Falls. After supper, lighting one of his prime cigars, he seated himself in the bar-room, and went through the story of the murder, which had grown so fast that it took him half an hour to tell. There were as many as twenty people in the room, nineteen of whom received it all for gospel. But the twentieth was an elderly farmer, who had arrived on horseback a short time before, and was now seated in a corner smoking his pipe. When the story was concluded, he rose up very deliberately, brought his chair right in front of Dominicus, and stared him full in the face, puffing out the vilest tobacco smoke the pedlar had ever smelt.
"Will you make affidavit," demanded he, in the tone of a country justice taking an examination, "that old Squire Higginbotham of Kimballton was murdered in his orchard the night before last, and found hanging on his great pear-tree yesterday morning?"
"I tell the story as I heard it, mister," answered Dominicus, dropping his half-burnt cigar; "I don't say that I saw the thing done. So I can't take my oath that he was murdered exactly in that way."
"But I can take mine," said the farmer, "that if Squire Higginbotham was murdered night before last, I drank a glass of bitters with his ghost this morning. Being a neighbor of mine, he called me into his store, as I was riding by, and treated me, and then asked me to do a little business for him on the road. He didn't seem to know any more about his own murder than I did."
"Why, then, it can't be a fact!" exclaimed Dominicus Pike.
"I guess he'd have mentioned, if it was," said the old farmer; and he removed his chair back to the corner, leaving Dominicus quite down in the mouth.
Here was a sad resurrection of old Mr. Higginbotham! The pedlar had no heart to mingle in the conversation any more, but comforted himself with a glass of gin and water, and went to bed where, all night long, he dreamed of hanging on the St. Michael's pear-tree. To avoid the old farmer (whom he so detested that his suspension would have pleased him better than Mr. Higginbotham's), Dominicus rose in the gray of the morning, put the little mare into the green cart, and trotted swiftly away towards Parker's Falls. The fresh breeze, the dewy road, and the pleasant summer dawn, revived his spirits, and might have encouraged him to repeat the old story had there been anybody awake to hear it. But he met neither ox team, light wagon chaise, horseman, nor foot traveller, till, just as he crossed Salmon River, a man came trudging down to the bridge with a bundle over his shoulder, on the end of a stick.
"Good morning, mister," said the pedlar, reining in his mare. "If you come from Kimballton or that neighborhood, may be you can tell me the real fact about this affair of old Mr. Higginbotham. Was the old fellow actually murdered two or three nights ago, by an Irishman and a nigger?"
Dominicus had spoken in too great a hurry to observe, at first, that the stranger himself had a deep tinge of negro blood. On hearing this sudden question, the Ethiopian appeared to change his skin, its yellow hue becoming a ghastly white, while, shaking and stammering, he thus replied:"No! no! There was no colored man! It was an Irishman that hanged him last night, at eight o'clock. I came away at seven! His folks can't have looked for him in the orchard yet."
Scarcely had the yellow man spoken, when he interrupted himself, and though he seemed weary enough before, continued his journey at a pace which would have kept the pedlar's mare on a smart trot. Dominicus stared after him in great perplexity. If the murder had not been committed till Tuesday night, who was the prophet that had foretold it, in all its circumstances, on Tuesday morning? If Mr. Higginbotham's corpse were not yet discovered by his own family, how came the mulatto, at above thirty miles' distance, to know that he was hanging in the orchard, especially as he had left Kimballton before the unfortunate man was hanged at all? These ambiguous circumstances, with the stranger's surprise and terror, made Dominicus think of raising a hue and cry after him, as an accomplice in the murder; since a murder, it seemed, had really been perpetrated.
"But let the poor devil go," thought the pedlar. "I don't want his black blood on my head; and hanging the nigger wouldn't unhang Mr. Higginbotham. Unhang the old gentleman; It's a sin, I know; but I should hate to have him come to life a second time, and give me the lie!"
With these meditations, Dominicus Pike drove into the street of Parker's Falls, which, as everybody knows, is as thriving a village as three cotton factories and a slitting mill can make it. The machinery was not in motion, and but a few of the shop doors unbarred, when he alighted in the stable yard of the tavern, and made it his first business to order the mare four quarts of oats. His second duty, of course, was to impart Mr. Higginbotham's catastrophe to the hostler. He deemed it advisable, however, not to be too positive as to the date of the direful fact, and also to be uncertain whether it were perpetrated by an Irishman and a mulatto, or by the son of Erin alone. Neither did he profess to relate it on his own authority, or that of any one person; but mentioned it as a report generally diffused.
The story ran through the town like fire among girdled trees, and became so much the universal talk that nobody could tell whence it had originated. Mr. Higginbotham was as well known at Parker's Falls as any citizen of the place, being part owner of the slitting mill, and a considerable stockholder in the cotton factories. The inhabitants felt their own prosperity interested in his fate. Such was the excitement, that the Parker's Falls Gazette anticipated its regular day of publication, and came out with half a form of blank paper and a column of double pica emphasized with capitals, and headed HORRID MURDER OF MR. HIGGINBOTHAM! Among other dreadful details, the printed account described the mark of the cord round the dead man's neck, and stated the number of thousand dollars of which he had been robbed; there was much pathos also about the affliction of his niece, who had gone from one fainting fit to another, ever since her uncle was found hanging on the St. Michael's pear-tree with his pockets inside out. The village poet likewise commemorated the young lady's grief in seventeen stanzas of a ballad. The selectmen held a meeting, and, in consideration of Mr. Higginbotham's claims on the town, determined to issue handbills, offering a reward of five hundred dollars for the apprehension of his murderers, and the recovery of the stolen property.
Meanwhile the whole population of Parker's Falls, consisting of shopkeepers, mistresses of boarding-houses, factory girls, millmen, and schoolboys, rushed into the street and kept up such a terrible loquacity as more than compensated for the silence of the cotton machines, which refrained from their usual din out of respect to the deceased. Had Mr. Higginbotham cared about posthumous renown, his untimely ghost would have exulted in this tumult. Our friend Dominicus, in his vanity of heart, forgot his intended precautions, and mounting on the town pump, announced himself as the bearer of the authentic intelligence which had caused so wonderful a sensation. He immediately became the great man of the moment, and had just begun a new edition of the narrative, with a voice like a field preacher, when the mail stage drove into the village street. It had travelled all night, and must have shifted horses at Kimballton, at three in the morning.
"Now we shall hear all the particulars," shouted the crowd.
The coach rumbled up to the piazza of the tavern, followed by a thousand people; for if any man had been minding his own business till then, he now left it at sixes and sevens, to hear the news. The pedlar, foremost in the race, discovered two passengers, both of whom had been startled from a comfortable nap to find themselves in the centre of a mob. Every man assailing them with separate questions, all propounded at once, the couple were struck speechless, though one was a lawyer and the other a young lady.
"Mr. Higginbotham! Mr. Higginbotham! Tell us the particulars about old Mr. Higginbotham!" bawled the mob. "What is the coroner's verdict? Are the murderers apprehended? Is Mr. Higginbotham's niece come out of her fainting fits? Mr. Higginbotham! Mr. Higginbotham!!"
The coachman said not a word, except to swear awfully at the hostler for not bringing him a fresh team of horses. The lawyer inside had generally his wits about him even when asleep; the first thing he did, after learning the cause of the excitement, was to produce a large, red pocketbook. Meantime Dominicus Pike, being an extremely polite young man, and also suspecting that a female tongue would tell the story as glibly as a lawyer's, had handed the lady out of the coach. She was a fine, smart girl, now wide awake and bright as a button, and had such a sweet pretty mouth, that Dominicus would almost as lieves have heard a love tale from it as a tale of murder.
"Gentlemen and ladies," said the lawyer to the shopkeepers, the millmen, and the factory girls, "I can assure you that some unaccountable mistake, or, more probably, a wilful falsehood, maliciously contrived to injure Mr. Higginbotham's credit, has excited this singular uproar. We passed through Kimballton at three o'clock this morning, and most certainly should have been informed of the murder had any been perpetrated. But I have proof nearly as strong as Mr. Higginbotham's own oral testimony, in the negative. Here is a note relating to a suit of his in the Connecticut courts, which was delivered me from that gentleman himself. I find it dated at ten o'clock last evening."
So saying, the lawyer exhibited the date and signature of the note, which irrefragably proved, either that this perverse Mr. Higginbotham was alive when he wrote it, or--as some deemed the more probable case, of two doubtful ones--that he was so absorbed in worldly business as to continue to transact it even after his death. But unexpected evidence was forthcoming. The young lady, after listening to the pedlar's explanation, merely seized a moment to smooth her gown and put her curls in order, and then appeared at the tavern door, making a modest signal to be heard.
"Good people," said she, "I am Mr. Higginbotham's niece."
A wondering murmur passed through the crowd on beholding her so rosy and bright; that same unhappy niece, whom they had supposed, on the authority of the Parker's Falls Gazette, to be lying at death's door in a fainting fit. But some shrewd fellows had doubted, all along, whether a young lady would be quite so desperate at the hanging of a rich old uncle.
"You see," continued Miss Higginbotham, with a smile, "that this strange story is quite unfounded as to myself; and I believe I may affirm it to be equally so in regard to my dear uncle Higginbotham. He has the kindness to give me a home in his house, though I contribute to my own support by teaching a school. I left Kimballton this morning to spend the vacation of commencement week with a friend, about five miles from Parker's Falls. My generous uncle, when he heard me on the stairs, called me to his bedside, and gave me two dollars and fifty cents to pay my stage fare, and another dollar for my extra expenses. He then laid his pocketbook under his pillow, shook hands with me, and advised me to take some biscuit in my bag, instead of breakfasting on the road. I feel confident, therefore, that I left my beloved relative alive, and trust that I shall find him so on my return."
The young lady courtesied at the close of her speech, which was so sensible and well worded, and delivered with such grace and propriety, that everybody thought her fit to be preceptress of the best academy in the State. But a stranger would have supposed that Mr. Higginbotham was an object of abhorrence at Parker's Falls, and that a thanksgiving had been proclaimed for his murder; so excessive was the wrath of the inhabitants on learning their mistake. The millmen resolved to bestow public honors on Dominicus Pike, only hesitating whether to tar and feather him, ride him on a rail, or refresh him with an ablution at the town pump, on the top of which he had declared himself the bearer of the news. The selectmen, by advice of the lawyer, spoke of prosecuting him for a misdemeanor, in circulating unfounded reports, to the great disturbance of the peace of the Commonwealth. Nothing saved Dominicus, either from mob law or a court of justice, but an eloquent appeal made by the young lady in his behalf. Addressing a few words of heartfelt gratitude to his benefactress, he mounted the green cart and rode out of town, under a discharge of artillery from the school-boys, who found plenty of ammunition in the neighboring clay-pits and mud holes. As he turned his head to exchange a farewell glance with Mr. Higginbotham's niece, a ball, of the consistence of hasty pudding, hit him slap in the mouth, giving him a most grim aspect. His whole person was so bespattered with the like filthy missiles, that he had almost a mind to ride back, and supplicate for the threatened ablution at the town pump; for, though not meant in kindness, it would now have been a deed of charity.
However, the sun shone bright on poor Dominicus, and the mud, an emblem of all stains of undeserved opprobrium, was easily brushed off when dry. Being a funny rogue, his heart soon cheered up; nor could he refrain from a hearty laugh at the uproar which his story had excited. The handbills of the selectmen would cause the commitment of all the vagabonds in the State; the paragraph in the Parker's Falls Gazette would be reprinted from Maine to Florida, and perhaps form an item in the London newspapers; and many a miser would tremble for his money bags and life, on learning the catastrophe of Mr. Higginbotham. The pedlar meditated with much fervor on the charms of the young schoolmistress, and swore that Daniel Webster never spoke nor looked so like an angel as Miss Higginbotham, while defending him from the wrathful populace at Parker's Falls.
Dominicus was now on the Kimballton turnpike, having all along determined to visit that place, though business had drawn him out of the most direct road from Morristown. As he approached the scene of the supposed murder, he continued to revolve the circumstances in his mind, and was astonished at the aspect which the whole case assumed. Had nothing occurred to corroborate the story of the first traveller, it might now have been considered as a hoax; but the yellow man was evidently acquainted either with the report or the fact; and there was a mystery in his dismayed and guilty look on being abruptly questioned. When, to this singular combination of incidents, it was added that the rumor tallied exactly with Mr. Higginbotham's character and habits of life; and that he had an orchard, and a St. Michael's pear-tree, near which he always passed at nightfall: the circumstantial evidence appeared so strong that Dominicus doubted whether the autograph produced by the lawyer, or even the niece's direct testimony, ought to be equivalent. Making cautious inquiries along the road, the pedlar further learned that Mr. Higginbotham had in his service an Irishman of doubtful character, whom he had hired without a recommendation, on the score of economy.
"May I be hanged myself," exclaimed Dominicus Pike aloud, on reaching the top of a lonely hill, "if I'll believe old Higginbotham is unhanged till I see him with my own eyes, and hear it from his own mouth! And as he's a real shaver, I'll have the minister or some other responsible man for an indorser."
It was growing dusk when he reached the toll-house on Kimballton turnpike, about a quarter of a mile from the village of this name. His little mare was fast bringing him up with a man on horseback, who trotted through the gate a few rods in advance of him, nodded to the toll-gatherer, and kept on towards the village. Dominicus was acquainted with the tollman, and, while making change, the usual remarks on the weather passed between them.
"I suppose," said the pedlar, throwing back his whiplash, to bring it down like a feather on the mare's flank, "you have not seen anything of old Mr. Higginbotham within a day or two?"
"Yes," answered the toll-gatherer. "He passed the gate just before you drove up, and yonder he rides now, if you can see him through the dusk. He's been to Woodfield this afternoon, attending a sheriff's sale there. The old man generally shakes hands and has a little chat with me; but to-night, he nodded,--as if to say, 'Charge my toll,' and jogged on; for wherever he goes, he must always be at home by eight o'clock."
"So they tell me," said Dominicus.
"I never saw a man look so yellow and thin as the squire does," continued the toll-gatherer. "Says I to myself, to-night, he's more like a ghost or an old mummy than good flesh and blood."
The pedlar strained his eyes through the twilight, and could just discern the horseman now far ahead on the village road. He seemed to recognize the rear of Mr. Higginbotham; but through the evening shadows, and amid the dust from the horse's feet, the figure appeared dim and unsubstantial; as if the shape of the mysterious old man were faintly moulded of darkness and gray light. Dominicus shivered.
"Mr. Higginbotham has come back from the other world, by way of the Kimballton turnpike," thought he.
He shook the reins and rode forward, keeping about the same distance in the rear of the gray old shadow, till the latter was concealed by a bend of the road. On reaching this point, the pedlar no longer saw the man on horseback, but found himself at the head of the village street, not far from a number of stores and two taverns, clustered round the meeting-house steeple. On his left were a stone wall and a gate, the boundary of a woodlot, beyond which lay an orchard, farther still, a mowing field, and last of all, a house. These were the premises of Mr. Higginbotham, whose dwelling stood beside the old highway, but had been left in the background by the Kimballton turnpike. Dominicus knew the place; and the little mare stopped short by instinct; for he was not conscious of tightening the reins.
"For the soul of me, I cannot get by this gate!" said he, trembling. "I never shall be my own man again, till I see whether Mr. Higginbotham is hanging on the St. Michael's pear-tree!"
He leaped from the cart, gave the rein a turn round the gate post, and ran along the green path of the wood-lot as if Old Nick were chasing behind. Just then the village clock tolled eight, and as each deep stroke fell, Dominicus gave a fresh bound and flew faster than before, till, dim in the solitary centre of the orchard, he saw the fated pear-tree. One great branch stretched from the old contorted trunk across the path, and threw the darkest shadow on that one spot. But something seemed to struggle beneath the branch!
The pedlar had never pretended to more courage than befits a man of peaceful occupation, nor could he account for his valor on this awful emergency. Certain it is, however, that he rushed forward, prostrated a sturdy Irishman with the butt end of his whip, and found--not indeed hanging on the St. Michael's pear-tree, but trembling beneath it, with a halter round his neck--the old, identical Mr. Higginbotham!
"Mr. Higginbotham," said Dominicus tremulously, "you're an honest man, and I'll take your word for it. Have you been hanged or not?"
If the riddle be not already guessed, a few words will explain the simple machinery by which this "coming event" was made to "cast its shadow before." Three men had plotted the robbery and murder of Mr. Higginbotham; two of them, successively, lost courage and fled, each delaying the crime one night by their disappearance; the third was in the act of perpetration, when a champion, blindly obeying the call of fate, like the heroes of old romance, appeared in the person of Dominicus Pike.
It only remains to say, that Mr. Higginbotham took the pedlar into high favor, sanctioned his addresses to the pretty schoolmistress, and settled his whole property on their children, allowing themselves the interest. In due time, the old gentleman capped the climax of his favors, by dying a Christian death, in bed, since which melancholy event Dominicus Pike has removed from Kimballton, and established a large tobacco manufactory in my native village.
~~~~~~~ THE END ~~~~~~~
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text:
Q: Match text strings of two columns on different sheet and post back using google script I am trying to match two columns on two separate worksheets in the same workbook
I'm am trying to match column A in both sheets
SheetA = FindReplace  SheetB = Test
If a match exists then post back the value to the right of the match cell in SheetA to the same row in SheetB but in Column B
The ranges in the matching columns may be different in size
The function runs but NO matches are found
Also, I think I am posting back each row that is found but I would like to post back only once after ALL matches are found
Thank you for any help with this
If is helpful here a GS with some data and the function in it:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1cVyCmnFYy_4Ghmx1r-dvCGhxrnu-tCPaKZSX_BRHfnM/edit?usp=sharing
function MatchColumns(){
  // gets spreadsheet A and the range of data
  var sheetA =SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("FindReplace");
  var dataA = sheetA.getRange('A:B').getValues();

  // gets spreadsheet B and the range of data
  var sheetB = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("Test");
  var dataB = sheetB.getRange('A:B').getValues();

  // loops through column A of spreadsheet A & B and compare
  for(var i = 0; i > sheetA.getLastRow(); i++){
  // checks to see if ith row value in 1st Column is the same
  if(dataA[i][0] == dataB[i][0]){
  //if match then get cell value in ajacent cell column B to right in sheetA
  var value = sheetA.getRange(i+1, 2).getValue();
  //Post Back the value in cell to column B in sheet B
  sheetB.getRange(i+1, 2).setValue(value);
  };
 };
}

A: How about this modification? Please think of this as one of several solutions.

*

*It processed the data as array.

*If the value of column A of sheetB is not existing to the column A of sheetA, if (b != res.length - 1) res.push([""]); is used.

*

*The length of created array is necessary to be the same to the length of dataB. I used this.

Modified script :
function MatchColumns(){
  // gets spreadsheet A and the range of data
  var sheetA =SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("FindReplace");
  var dataA = sheetA.getRange(2, 1, sheetA.getLastRow(), 2).getValues();

  // gets spreadsheet B and the range of data
  var sheetB = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet().getSheetByName("Test");
  var dataB = sheetB.getRange(2, 1, sheetB.getLastRow(), 1).getValues();

  // Added
  var res = [];
  for (var b in dataB) {
    for (var a in dataA) {
      if (dataA[a][0] == dataB[b][0]) res.push([dataA[a][1]]);
    }
    if (b != res.length - 1) res.push([""]);
  }
  sheetB.getRange(2, 2, res.length, res[0].length).setValues(res);
}

Result :

If I misunderstand your question, please tell me. I would like to modify.

A: The function did run after changing the > for <

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Spotlight on the Local Area:- Elstree & Borehamwood is best known as the home of Elstree Studios, the home of Strictly Come Dancing (BBC), Big Brother (Channel 5), The Voice (BBC) The Chase, Pointless, Room 101 and Celebrity Juice. These studio's are known as the birthplace of Star Wars.
Across the road and going towards the station is another large BBC Studio's site where Eastenders and Holby City are filmed.
The area is also served by a number of restaurants, the most recent of which is the New York style Diner, Delisserie. There are 650 car parking spaces at the Borehamwood Shopping Park which includes an M & S Food Store, Debenhams, Starbucks, Boots, Next & Argos. Local schools are excellent and include Haberdashers boys and girls, Yavneh College, Aldenham, Radlett Prep, HJPS, Manor Lodge & Edge Grove.
Important notice: Although every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of all the information given, the contents do not form part of any contract, or constitute a representation or warranty, and, as such, should be treated as a guide only. Interested parties should check with the Sales Negotiator and confirm all details with their solicitor. The developer reserves the right to amend the specification, without prior notice, but to an equal or higher standard. Please note that items specified in literature and show home (if applicable) may depict appliances, fittings and decorative finishes that do not form part of the standard specification. The project is a new development which is currently under construction. Measurements provided have not been surveyed on-site. The measurements have been taken from architect's plans, and, as such, may be subject to variation during the course of construction. Not all units described have been completed at the time of going to publication and measurements and dimensions should be checked with the Sales Negotiator and confirmed with solicitors. Computer generated images showing the properties and aspects have been used for illustrative purposes and are indicative only. They do not form part of any contract, or constitute a representation or warranty. External appearances of the properties may be subject to variation upon completion of the project. All details correct at time of going to publish.
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First Circuit Affirms Preemption of State-Law Claim for Consumer Fraud
Class Action Consumer Fraud Claims Duty to Warn Labeling Pharmaceuticals Preemption Product Liability
In a key preemption ruling late last month, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit affirmed the dismissal of a putative class action. The First Circuit affirmed dismissal where the plaintiffs alleged consumer fraud, holding that state-law claims for false or misleading labeling are preempted by federal law. Read the full decision here. The First Circuit's ruling built upon recent United States Supreme Court decisions holding that state-law claims aimed at generic drug labeling are preempted by applying this important defense to…
consumer fraud FDCA First Circuit labeling lexapro
Supreme Court Holds that State Law Tort Claims Regarding Labeling of Generic Drugs are Preempted
Pharmaceuticals Preemption
In Mutual Pharmaceutical Co. v. Barlett, plaintiff Karen Bartlett alleged that she took Mutual's generical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac, in 2004 after her doctor prescribed it for shoulder pain. She suffered a rare hypersensitivity reaction three weeks after she started taking and she was left severely disfigured with burn-like lesions over two-thirds of her body. The plaintiff's action was based upon a design defect theory after her failure-to-warn claims were dismissed prior to trial and the district court rejected the defendant's preemption defense. A…
Generic Drugs labeling pharmaceutical Supreme Court

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Реферат: Social Political And Economic Essay Research Paper
Social, Political And Economic Essay, Research Paper
Social, Political and Economic Effects of WWI
"Everywhere in the world was heard the sound of things breaking." Advanced European societies could not support long wars or so many thought prior to World War I. They were right in a way. The societies could not support a long war unchanged. The First World War left no aspect of European civilization untouched as pre-war governments were transformed to fight total war. The war metamorphed Europe socially, politicaly, economically, and intellectualy.
European countries channeled all of their resources into total war which resulted in enormous social change. The result of working together for a common goal seemed to be unifying European societies. Death knocked down all barriers between people. All belligerents had enacted some form of a selective service which levelled classes in many ways. Wartime scarcities made luxury an impossibility and unfavorable. Reflecting this, clothing became uniform and utilitarian. Europeans would never again dress in fancy, elaborate costumes. Uniforms led the way in clothing change. The bright blue-and-red prewar French infantry uniforms had been changed after the first few months of the war, since they made whoever wore them into excellent targets for machine guns. Women's skirts rose above the ankle permanently and women became more of a part of society than ever. They undertook a variety of jobs previously held by men. They were now a part of clerical, secretarial work, and te! aching. They were also more widely employed in industrial jobs. By 1918, 37.6 percent of the work force in the Krupp armaments firm in Germany was female. In England the proportion of women works rose strikingly in public transport (for example, from 18,000 to 117,000 bus conductors), banking (9,500 to 63,700), and commerce (505,000 to 934,000). Many restrictions on women disappeared during the war. It became acceptable for young, employed, single middle-class women to have their own apartments, to go out without chaperones, and to smoke in public. It was only a matter of time before women received the right to vote in many belligerent countries. Strong forces were shaping the power and legal status of labor unions, too. The right of workers to organize was relatively new, about half a century. Employers fought to keep union organizers out of their plants and armed force was often used against striking workers. The universal rallying of workers towards their flag at the beginning of the war led to wider acceptance of unions. It was more of a bureaucratic route than a parliamentary route that integrated organized labor into government, however. A long war was not possible without complete cooperation of the workers with respect to putting in longers hours and increasing productivity. Strike activity had reached its highest levels in history just before the war. There had been over 1,500 diffent work stoppages in France and 3,000 in Germany during 1910. More than a million British workers stopped at one time or another in 1912. In Britain, France, and Germany, deals were struck between unions and government to eliminate strikes and less favorable work conditions in exchange for immediate integration into the government process. This integration was at the cost of having to act more as managers of labor than as the voice of the labor. Suddenly, the strikes stopped during the first year of the war. Soon the enthusiasm died down, though. The revival of strike activity in 1916 shows that the social peace was already wearing thin. Work stoppages and the number of people on strike in France quadrupled in 1916 compared to 1915. In Germany, in May 1916, 50,000 Berlin works held a three-day walkout to protest the arrest of the pacifist Karl Liebknecht. By the end of the war most had rejected the government offer of being integrated in the beaurocracy, but not without playing an important public role and gaining some advantages such as collective bargaining. The war may have had a leveling effect in many ways, but it also sharpened some social differences and conflicts.
Soldiers were revolting just like workers:
They [soldiers] were no longer willing to sacrifice their lives when shirkers at home were earning all the money, tkaing, the women around in cars, cornering all the best jobs, and while so many profiteers were waxing rich.
The draft was not completely fair since ot all men were sent to the trenches. Skilled workers were more important to industry and some could secure safe assignments at home. Unskilled young males and junior officers paid with their lives the most. The generation conflict was also widened by the war as Veterens' disillusionment fed off of anger towards the older generation for sending them to the trenches.
Governments took on many new powers in order to fight the total war. War governments fought opposition by increasing police power. Authoritatian regimes like tsarist Russia had always depended on the threat of force, but now even parliamentary governments felt the necessity to expand police powers and control public opinion. Britain gave police powers wide scope in August 1914 by the Defence of the Realm Act which authorized the public authorities to arrest and punish dissidents under martial law if necessary. Through later acts polices powers grew to include suspending newspapers and the ability to intervene in a citizen's private life in the use of lights at home, food consumption, and bar hours. Police powers tended to grow as the war went on and public opposition increased as well. In France a sharp rise of strikes, mutinies, and talk of a negotiated peace raised doubts about whether France could really carry on the war in 1917. A group of French political leaders! decided to carry out the war at the cost of less internal liberty. The government cracked down on anyone suspected of supporting a compromise peace. Many of the crackdowns and treason charges were just a result of war hysteria or calculated politcal opportunism. Expanded police powers also included control of public information and opinion. The censorship of newspapers and personal mail was already an established practice. Governments regularly used their power to prevent disclosure of military secrets and the airing of dangerous opinions considering war efforts. The other side of using police power on public opinion was the "organizing of enthusiasm," which could be thought of as:
Propaganda tries to force a doctrine on the whole people; the organization embraces within its scope only those who do not threaten on psychological grounds to become a brake on the further dissemination of the idea.
World War I provided a place for the birth of propaganda which countries used with even more frightening results during World War II. Governments used the media to influence people to enlist and to brainwash them war into supporting the war. The French prime minister used his power to draft journalists or defer them in exchange for favorable coverage. The German right created a new mass party, the Fatherland Party. It was backed by secret funds from the army and was devoted to propaganda for war discipline. By 1918, the Fatherland Party was larger than the Social Democratic Party. Germany had become quite effective at influencing the masses.
The economic impact of the war was very disaproportioned. At one end there were those who profited from the war and at the other end were those who suffered under the effects of inflation. The opportunities to make enormous amounts of money in war manufacture were plentiful. War profiteers were a public scandal. Fictional new rich, like the manufacturer of shoddy boots in Jules Romains's Verdun had numerous real-life counterparts. However, government rarely intervened in major firms, as happened when the German military took over the Daimler motor car works for padding costs on war-production contracts. Governments tended to favor large, centralized industries over smaller ones. The war was a stimulus towards grouping companies into larger firms. When resources became scarce, nonessential firms, which tended to be small, were simply closed down. Inflation was the greatest single economic factor as war budges rose to astronomical figures and massive demand forced shor! tages of many consumer goods. Virtually ever able-bodied person was employed to keep up with the demand. This combination of high demand, scarcity, and full employment sent prices soaring, even in the best managed countries. In Britain, a pound sterling brought in 1919 about one-third of what it had bought in 1914. French prices approximately doubled during the war and it only got worse during the 1920's. Inflation rates were even higher in other belligerents The German currency ceased to have value in 1923. All of this had been forseen by John M. Keynes as a result of the Versailles Treaty:
The danger confonting us, therefore, is the rapid depression of the standard of life of the European populations to a point which will mean actual starvation for some (a point already reached in Russian and approximately reach in Austria).
Inflation affected different people quite differently. Skilled workers in strategic industries found that their wages kept pace with prices or even rose a little faster. Unskilled workers and workers in less important industries fell behind. Clerks, lesser civil servants, teachers, clergymen, and small shopkeepers earned less than many skilled labors. Those who suffered the most were those dependent on fixed incoming. The incomes of old people on pensions or middle class living on small dividends remained about the same while prices double or tripled. These dropped down into poverty. These "new poor" kept their pride by repairing old clothes, supplementing food budget with gardens, and giving up everything to appear as they had before the war. Inflation radically change the relative position of many in society. Conflicts arose over the differences in purchasing power. All wage earners had less real purchasing power at the end of the war than they had had at the beginning. To make matters worse some great fortunes were built during the wartime and postwar inflation. Those who were able to borrow large amounts of money could repay their debts in devalued currency from their war profit.
Four years of chaos and utter destruction had smashed the old world Europe. The most "advanced" quarter of the world had turned to violence and barbarism of its own accord. Progress and reason had been suppressed for destruction.
Moreover, it has brought to light an almost incredible phenomenon: the civilized nations know and understand one another so little that one can turn against the other with hate and loathing. Indeed, one of the great civilized nations is so universally unpopular that the attempt can actually be made to exclude it from the civilized community as "barbaric," although it has long proved its fitness by the magnificent contributions to that community which it has made.
The early part of the war satisfied the fascination with speed, violence, and the machine as manifested in the pre-war Futurists. Many movements shared a resolute "modernist" contempt for all academic styles in the arts, a hatred for bourgeois culture, and a commitment to the free expression of individuals. All these feelings were given an additional jolt of violence and anger by the horrors of the wartime experience. During the war there was a loss of illusions as described in All Quiet on the Western Front. Poets, like others, had gone to war in 1914 believing in heroism and nobility. Trench warfare hardened and embittered many.
Freud said of disillusionment: When I speak of disillusionment, everyone will know at once what i mean. One need not be a sentimentalist; one may perceive the biological and psychological necessity for surrering in the economy of human life, and yet condemn war both in its means and ends and long for the cessation of all wars.
British poet, Wilfred Own, who was killed in 1918 was transformed from a young romantic into a powerful denouncer of those who had sent young men off to war. In "Dulce et Decorum Est" he mocked "the old lie" that it was good to die for one's country, after giving a searing description of a gassed soldier coughing out his lungs. The anger of the soldier-poets was directed against those who had sent them to the war, not their enemy. The war experience did not produce new art forms or styles. It acted largely to make the harshest themes and the grimmest or most mocking forms of expression of prewar intellectual life seem more appropriate, and to fost experiments in opposition to the dominant values of contemporary europe. The Dada movement, which mocked old values and ridiculed stuffy bourgeois culture, was one of these movements. A mood of desolation and emptiness prevailed at the end of a war where great sacrifice had brought little gain. It was not clear where post-war anger would be focused, but it would definately be in antibourgeois politics.
The echoes of a world shattering were heard throughout the world as Europe collapsed into total war. These echoes were the sound of change as Europe was transformed socially, politicaly, economically, and intellectualy into a machine of complete destruction. Europe would never be the same again.
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I love it when a piece gives me plenty to think about. I've been examining and researching this lovely headpiece ever since I got it. (I love it so much that I've been wearing it, much to the surprise of my new neighbour but without any reaction from my family who are no longer surprised by such things). I do hope I've made the correct assessment of this amazing tiara (with antiques there is rarely 100% certainly, especially when it's one of a kind like this one).
To see more about this amazing piece, please click here.
* Amethyst is a semi-precious stone that has long been popular in jewelry and has often been associated with royalty and with the Catholic church. A variety of quartz, it is identifiable by its distinctive violet or deep purple color. It is generally considered the most desirable type of quartz.
* The ideal grade of amethyst is referred to as 'Deep Siberian' or 'Deep Russian' and has a purple hue of around 75% to 80 % and blue and red secondary hues of around 15.-20 %. Although amethyst is a relatively common stone, an example of true 'Deep Siberian' is actually extremely rare. An example of 'Deep Siberian' can be seen in this amazing ring from the Victorian and Albert Museum below.
* Pale lilac amethyst with blue undertones is referred to as 'Rose de France'.
* 'Green amethyst' is a misnomer. Although this is also quartz, it is not a type of amethyst and should be called instead 'Prasiolite', 'Vermarine' or 'Lime Citrine'. Prasiolite is not found in antique jewelry.
* Amethyst is the birthstone for February.
* Synthetic amethyst is common and hard to distinguish from real amethyst. Generally speaking, amethyst is not valuable enough to merit thorough testing, but if required it can be distinguished with gemological testing. One indicator of synthetic amethyst for the lay person, however, is if the amethyst appears too perfect and even in color, as well as being in a contemporary setting, then it is likely to be synthetic. Amethyst was first synthesized for use in jewelry around 1970.
* Other materials and stones which can be confused with amethyst are: purple sapphire, alexandrite, foiled rock crystal, scapolite, paste and glass.
* Amethyst was considered very valuable up until the 18th century when vast deposits in Brazil were discovered and lowered the value. Prior to around 1820, it was often set along side precious stones such as diamond, sapphire, emerald and ruby (the 'cardinal' stones). It was also often foiled and set in gold. It can often be found in Georgian mourning rings, buckles and a variety of other jewelry types worn by the upper classes of the period.
* There are also some fine examples of amethyst being used in carved cameos throughout the jewelry eras.
* The Victorians loved amethyst and often used it in acrostic jewelry, to symbolize the letter 'A'.
Victorian 'Regard' Ring, circa 1880.
* The Victorians also wore amethyst in a variety of other ways, often set in gold.
* The jewelry designers of the English Arts & Craft design movement, artistically unrestrained by the perceived value of the materials they used, were fond of using amethyst.
* In the Art Deco era, amethyst was very popular and was often set in white gold, platinum or silver and can even be found set with diamonds. (Please also see my previous post about Art Deco carved gemstones).
* Amethyst has remained consistently popular as a jewelry material throughout the jewelry eras and, although not considered highly valuable, it is a very eye-catching and beautiful material.


I love just about any energy balls, bites, or snacks! They are the easiest thing to whip up and store for the week ahead. After I made the coconut macaroon energy balls a few weeks ago for the Giants game, I had a friend ask if I could also make a chocolate version that was nut-free. I usually make cacao bites with almonds but I branched out this week and instead experimented with sunflower seeds and they turned out to be absolutely delicious! You would never know that these bites are nut-free, dairy-free, and refined sugar-free! The combination of rich, chocolaty cacao, blended with sweet dates, and a slight nutty bite from the sunflower seeds really has the winning combination for satisfying any sweet tooth! I'm pretty addicted to these bites and as I 'try' to make them last throughout the week, my friends, family and myself always devourer them within a few days! They are also the best snack to take with you on a plane or when traveling, as they are packed with plant-protein, fiber and vitamins to keep you energized and full! I love to pack these along with my apricot bars to avoid any sudden gas station food snack cravings.
What makes these bites extra addicting is the rich cacao powder. Raw cacao is different than the widely known cocoa powder, which is refined. Raw cacao powder is unrefined, meaning that it retains all of its natural vitamins and minerals that are lost or destroyed when producing cocoa. Raw cacao powder is the best substitute as it tastes just the same but has a host of nutritional benefits! Cacao has one of the highest concentrations of antioxidants found in any food in the world, more than blueberries or acai! Antioxidants boost our immune system and combat free radicals that damage our cells, ones that lead to various diseases and cancers. It is also packed with magnesium, helping to build and sustain strong bones and teeth. Magnesium enables protein and energy production. This is why I love popping them in when I'm having an energy low as they are filled with the right vitamins to fuel you during a midday slump. I hope you get to enjoy this snack, as they really are a healthy energy bite disguised as delicious chocolate truffles!
Start by blending the sunflower seeds into a fine powder in the food processor for 1 - 2 minutes. Then add the remaining ingredients to the food processor and blend for about 2 minutes until all the ingredients are sticking together. Add another splash of water if needed. Feel free to adjust and add more dates if you would like it sweeter. Simply roll into small balls and store in the freezer or refrigerator for up to a few weeks. Enjoy!


The Deborah Brown Community School is indeed a truly remarkable educational experience for our children, one in which has a proven track record of making an indelible mark on our community.
The Deborah Brown Community School staff is dedicated to enriching the lives of their students by instilling in them a love of learning and making sure they have the skills needed in the basic building blocks of education to excel in their schooling and life. All instructors at the Deborah Brown Community School are certified by the Oklahoma State Board of Education. Teachers must pass background checks and substance abuse tests in order to work at the school.
The Deborah Brown Community School is indeed a truly remarkable educational experience for our children, buy cialis check one in which has a proven track record of making an indelible mark on our community.
See our photo gallery and more.
DBCS ranks among the top elementary schools in the State of Oklahoma. DBCS consistently scored high on Academic Performance Indicator (API) and Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) reports according to the State Department of Education.
These are resources and updates for your quick reference.
Please check back here frequently for updates to keep you current with all that is new at Deborah Brown Community School.


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This entry was posted in Afghans and Blankets, Crochet, Design, KeiB's Etsy, Knitting, Scaves and Cowls and tagged ©Kindred Knits & Cohabiting Crochet, Crochet, Design, Finished 2015, KeiB Designs, KeiB Designs and Knits Etsy, Knitting, Log Cabin Afghan, Noro, Stashbusting, Yorick Cowl. Bookmark the permalink.
All gorgeous projects, as always. Happy Monday.


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HomeBusinessSt. Croix businessNo Test Required for Travel from USVI to U.S. Mainland
BusinessSt. Croix businessSt. John businessSt. Thomas business
No Test Required for Travel from USVI to U.S. Mainland
Commissioner of Tourism Joseph Boschulte (file photo)
As the world responds to new vaccination and testing requirements before boarding an international flight to the United States, officials in the U.S. Virgin Islands are reminding the traveling public that the new rules do not apply to direct travel from the USVI to the U.S. mainland.
"While international travelers to the United States must show proof of a negative COVID-19 test (either antigen or PCR) taken within one calendar day of departure to the U.S., this only applies to the U.S. Virgin Islands if you are arriving in the USVI via air from a foreign location, such as the British Virgin Islands or Antigua," said USVI Commissioner of Tourism Joseph Boschulte.
"These travelers are coming from a foreign country, and their first point of entry into the United States is either St. Thomas or St. Croix, so the new rules apply," he said.
The commissioner underscored that there are no vaccination or testing requirements for travelers leaving the USVI and heading to the U.S. mainland. "We are an American overseas territory and as such, travel to St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas or Water Island is within the United States' domestic jurisdiction," the commissioner reminded, while asserting that travel to the USVI does not require a passport from U.S. citizens arriving from Puerto Rico or the U.S. mainland.
"We recognize that with new travel mandates, there can be a lot of misunderstanding of the rules," he said, adding that it is very important for tourism industry stakeholders to continue educating the traveling public that "we are part of the United States."
The USVI's testing requirements are for domestic travel to the territory, for example from Puerto Rico to St. Croix, or from New York to St. Thomas.
All domestic travelers five years of age or older must use the Travel Screening Portal at usvitravelportal.com to submit the required COVID-19 test result prior to traveling to the territory. Travelers are required to provide evidence of a negative COVID-19 antigen or PCR test result taken within five days of commencement of travel to the territory. Persons who have been fully vaccinated in the U.S. Virgin Islands may submit evidence of their vaccination status instead of a negative COVID-19 test result.
Travelers should note that the new federal one-day testing requirement for international travel does not apply to marine travel to the USVI. International marine travel still follows a five-day testing window, and certain vaccination requirements apply to non-U.S. persons.
For more information, visit www.usviupdate.com
Keeping our community informed is our top priority.
If you have a news tip to share, please call or text us at 340-228-8784.
USDA Revises Federal Order Suspending Interstate Movement of Swine Products From USVI, PR
UVI Launches 2021 Gift-Wrapping Campaign
U.S. Virgin Islands Supports Its Travel Advisors With New Rewards and Incentive Program
Press release - January 27, 2023
WAPA Accepting Applications for Annual Scholarship Up to $60,000 for V.I. Students
DLCA Urges Persons and Establishments to Obtain a Business License
Support local + independent journalism in the U.S. Virgin Islands
Unlike many news organizations, we haven't put up a paywall – we want to keep our journalism as accessible as we can. Our independent journalism costs time, money and hard work to keep you informed, but we do it because we believe that it matters. We know that informed communities are empowered ones. If you appreciate our reporting and want to help make our future more secure, please consider donating.
DVSAC Event: 'Human Trafficking in the USVI'
Project Promise Plans Latin Dance


J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2015 Apr;15(4):2619-27.
Mannosylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Based Macrophage-Targeting Gene Delivery System Enhanced Cellular Uptake and Improved Transfection Efficiency.
Peng Y, Yao W, Wang B, Zong L.
Gene transfer mediated by mannosylated chitosan (MCS) is a safe and promising approach for gene and vaccine delivery. MCS nanoparticles based gene delivery system showed high in vivo delivery efficiency and elicited strong immune responses in mice. However, little knowledge about the cell binding, transfection efficiency and intracellular trafficking of MCS nanoparticles had been acquired. In this study, using gastrin-releasing peptide as a model plasmid (pGRP), the binding of MCS/pGRP nanoparticles to macrophages and the intracellular trafficking of MCS/pGRP nanoparticles in macrophages were investigated. MCS-mediated transfection efficiency in macrophages was also evaluated using pGL-3 as a reporter gene. The results showed that the binding and transfection efficiency of MCS nanoparticles in macrophages was higher than that of CS, which was attributed to the interaction between mannose ligands in MCS and mannose receptors on the surface of macrophages. Observation with a confocal laser scanning microscope indicated the cellular uptake of MCS/pGRP nanoparticles were more than that of CS/pGRP nanoparticles in macrophages. MCS/pGRP nanoparticles were taken up by macrophages and most of them were entrapped in endosomal/lysosomal compartments. After the nanoparticles escaping from endosomal/lysosomal compartments, naked pGRP entered the nucleus, and a few MCS might enter the nucleus in terms of nanoparticles. Overall, MCS has the potential to be an excellent macrophage-targeting gene delivery carrier.


"I'm afraid very soon we're going to see more attacks on critical infrastructure," Kaspersky said during a keynote speech at Kaspersky Lab's Industry Analyst Summit here Thursday.
PUNTA CANA–Attacks on critical infrastructure have been grabbing headlines for years now, long before sophisticated operations such as Stuxnet and Flame hit the scene. But we're probably still in the early stages of the evolution of such attacks, and the use of so-called cyber weapons in these operations is likely going to increase in the near future, Eugene Kaspersky said.
Kaspersky, the founder and CEO of the company, has spoken often in the past about the issue of nation states and government-backed groups deploying sophisticated malware against one another, and he stressed again Thursday that he views the development of cyber weapons as a serious danger.
Defining what constitutes a cyber weapon is a difficult task, and is made all the more complicated by the question of attribution. Would Stuxnet have qualified as a cyber weapon if it had been created and deployed by a private group rather than a government? It's hard to say. And determining with any degree of certainty who is responsible for a given attack is notoriously difficult.
But Kaspersky said that it's the attacks between various governments that have him most concerned. A number of major governments have acknowledged publicly that they have dedicated groups–military or otherwise–whose mission is offensive cyber operations. The United States has had offensive units in both the military and intelligence agencies for a long time, as have other governments. How they utilize those groups is a major issue in the security industry, as well as the political realm right now.
Kaspersky emphasized that he believes world governments will have to sit down together eventually and hash out the issue of cyber weapons and whether they should be used at all.
"Governments sooner or later will talk to each other and agree not to use cyber weapons," he said.
Kaspersky also said he's concerned about the erosion of trust in the Internet and its components that has resulted from the leaks of NSA intelligence-gathering methods in the last year. He said he can see a situation in which various nations use the revelations as a justification for fragmenting the Internet.


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If you want to spend your honeymoon sunbathing and relaxing, or if you want to cram as much as possible into those precious days away, the hitched.com.au honeymoon section will have something to suit you. Consider a cultured trip to Europe, a wild safari in Africa, or street markets and sunbathing in exotic Eastern locations. If your dream destination involves a honeymoon close to home, there are numerous resorts in and around Australia to choose from.
Find your dream honeymoon by browsing our vast range of destinations in the hitched.com.au honeymoon section today!


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PBI Mexico
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Who are Human Rights Defenders?
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"The impunity that does not end": The Cerezo Committee presents its annual report on human rights defenders in Mexico
On the 24th of August, the organizations Acción Urgente para Defensores de Derechos Humanos A.C. (Urgent Action for Human rights Defenders – also known as ACCUDEH for its acronym in Spanish) , the Comité Cerezo México (Cerezo Committee Mexico) and the Campaña Nacional contra la Desaparición Forzada (National Campaign against Forced Disappearance) presented their 9th report called "Defending Human Rights in Mexico: The Impunity that does not end".
"I always told the men, 'You shouldn't fight with your wives – fight the government!'": Obtilia Eugenio Manue
Obtilia Eugenio Manuel defends the rights of the Tlapanec people in the state of Guerrero and founded the Organisation of the Me'phaa Indigenous People (Organización del Pueblo Indígena Me'phaa, OPIM). In November 2019 she received Mexico's National Human Rights Prize in recognition of her "significant trajectory in effectively promoting and defending" basic human rights. PBI accompanied Manuel between 2005 and 2011.
How and when did you start defending human rights?
10 Years Searching for Justice
On 26th November 2019 Tita Radilla travelled to the Mexican capital to attend an event commemorating the 10 year anniversary of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights' sentence in the "Radilla Pacheco v Mexico" case. On the 23 November 2009 the Mexican state was condemned for grave human rights violations in which the military was signalled as responsible for the forced dissapearance of Rosendo Radilla, Tita's father.
The Mountain of Guerrero: the source of resistance and whirlwind of hope
"Mountain, you are our refuge and strength, in you we rest our collective spirit. Your vigilant hills protect us from the reach of enemies of our people. In this source of resistance, our struggle strengthens and immerse ourselves in this whirlwind of hope"
The mountainous region of the State of Guerrero is an unstoppable source of resistance. Abel Barrera Hernández, director and founder of the Human Rights Center of the Mountain Tlachinollan, expressed this on the 24th anniversary of the organisations, celebrated on the 6th October in the municipality of
The international community expresses concern over the criminalisation of members of CECOP and irregularities in the investigation process
On 7th January 2018, after a violent incident in the community La Concepción (Guerrero) that caused the death of eight people, a security operative took place where three people lost their lives and at least 25 were detained, the majority of whom are members of the Ejidos and Communities Council Opposed to La Parota Dam (CECOP).
Ayotzinapa case in the IACHR: a 5th line of Investigation and evidence of Spying on the GIEI
On 6 July, in the context of the 163rd period of sessions of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in Peru, members of the Miguel Agustin Pro Juarez Human Rights Center (PRODH) and the Tlachinollan Human Rights Center, as well as families and representatives of the 43 students of the Normal School of Ayotzinapa who disappeared in September 2014, participated in a session about the special mechanism to monitor the case.
The International Criminal Court is asked to Investigate Crimes against Humanity in Coahuila
The International Federation of Human Rights (Fidh) and the Fray Juan de Larios Human Rights Center (FJdL) – an organization accompanied by PBI – delivered a report to the International Criminal Court (ICC) on 6 July in which they requested an investigation for crimes against humanity committed in the state of Coahuila between 2009 and 2016.
Mixed Reactions to Legislative Initiatives on Disappearance and Torture
During the month of April, during the first period of ordinary sessions of Congress, legislative advances were made with regard to the General Law to Prevent, Investigate and Sanction Torture and Other Cruel, Inhumane or Degrading treatment and the General Law on Forced Disappearance and Disappearance Committed by Individuals.
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TheGuarantors Expands into Canadian Market With Montreal Location
FDI Surges Ahead in Canada
Global Investment In – and Within – North America
High-Quality Talent: The Not-So-Secret Ingredient in Canada's Economic Recipe for Success
It's Time to Change Attitudes Over the Northern Latitudes
The Canadian Labor Force Works for Success
New York-based fintech company, TheGuarantors, is expanding its international footprint and opening its first operations complex outside of its headquarters with an engineering and development office in Montreal, Québec, Canada.
According to company officials, the newly created venture, Guarantors Technology Service Inc, will be dedicated to engineering, software development, and the expansion of the organization's tech capabilities. TheGuarantors, a leader in finding innovative ways to solve risk in leasing, combining its expertise in real estate, risk, and technology, specifically sought out the deep technical talent in Montreal when building its growth strategy. The Montréal subsidiary will focus on building the next generation systems that will drive new product development and power the company's growth.
"I'm excited about what this expansion means for TheGuarantors," said Sean O'Donoghue, COO. "Building a team in Montréal gives us the opportunity to tap into the incredible talent the city has to offer, to introduce our program and products to a new market, and allows us to continue to work cross-functionally as a growing team."
Backed by White Star Capital and several other prominent investors from Europe and the U.S., TheGuarantors said it is excited to continue expanding its footprint with this new team. The company is unique in its fintech approach to the real estate industry, an area not traditionally known for innovation or technology leadership. TheGuarantors partnered with Investissement Québec and Montréal International to speed its Canadian expansion and leverage the strong network offered by both groups, who are leaders in helping international companies grow to Montréal.
"Greater Montréal's financial technology sector is still going strong and will certainly have a key role in our economy in the next few years," said Stéphane Paquet, President and CEO of Montréal International. "The expertise of Greater Montréal's talent pool has played an undeniable role in TheGuarantors' decision to choose the area for its first international expansion. We're very proud that this innovative company selected our region to expand its activities."
"As the Québec economy gradually reopens, Investissement Québec is delighted to see that Montréal's appeal for innovative businesses is holding strong," said Hubert Bolduc, President of Investissement Québec International. "We welcome the decision by New York-based TheGuarantors to open an office here, a move that will help turn the spotlight on our world-class talent and vibrant ecosystem while simultaneously taking advantage of our welcoming fiscal framework. The company's expansion is a breath of fresh air for the FinTech sector, and we are pleased to be a part of the industry's consolidation."


We know there are few resources for disabled and/or neurodivergent writers. We want it to be different, but it isn't. There are, however, a ton of resources for writers in general, some we can use… many we can't.
Disabled and neuordivergent writers are often excluded from the world of "general" writers. If it isn't a workshop being up ten flights of stairs, it's a literary magazine editor admitting they dislike working with neuordivergent writers (yes, it has happened).
Because there are so few places open to us, because there is so much out there for writers most of us cannot access, we often make excuses for the very people who don't think about, or care about, our inclusion. We hope they'll do better and defend them when they repeatedly fail to make their spaces welcoming. We hope, if we keep reminding them that we're here, they will decide to fix everything.
A prime example of this is AWP (one of the largest organizations for writers). Every year at their conference, things are not accessible. Every year, people with disabilities are treated like crap by some of the volunteers when they need help. Every year, there are stairs where there shouldn't be. They have gotten a fair amount of criticism for what they haven't fixed.
But, a frighteningly large amount of disabled/neurodivergent writers make excuses for them, berate other disabled/neurodivergent writers for taking AWP to task, and cheer the organization whenever one little thing out of a thousand is addressed. I hope The AWP Conference continues to improve upon their commitment to ALL writers but, after this long, I'm not holding my breath.
Just because a group, organization, conference, or residence caters to a lot of people, doesn't mean the lack of accessibility should automatically be brushed aside as the organizers being "too busy". Something that is established with a lot of people behind it has even less excuse, I think, because there is enough money and time to include EVERYONE in their plan. Well, everyone who can afford to attend an event, which is a different post.
Even things like online classes and workshops can have barriers, though it is probably more accidental than intentional. I, myself, am still not sure how to make a website completely friendly for all my disabled/neurodivergent people and hope (if one of you comes across a problem) you'd let me know how I may best rectify the issue.
What do you folks think? Do some disabled/neurodivergent writers give too many passes and make too many excuses for the larger literary community, or am I wrong?


A country of amazing archaeological wealth that is both a blessing and a curse, Greece has for decades sought to keep its antiquities out of the hands of smugglers.
But even as pressure grows on museums in Europe and the US to return disputed objects to their countries of origin, police in Greece warn that the looting of ancient sites shows no sign of abating.
George Gligoris, head of the Greek police force's special department against antiquity smuggling, said: "It's a complete free-for-all, the situation is very hard to control.
"And in some parts of the country, the spread of illegal digs is simply explosive."
Gligoris heads a team of 19 officers who cover all of Greece, a country with untapped archaeological wealth still hidden in its soil and sea depths.
In major cities such as Athens and Salonika, construction routinely runs into ancient graves, temples and homes.
Monitoring is tougher in the Greek countryside, where farmers often stumble upon archaeological finds while working their fields.
According to police figures, 89 people were arrested on charges of antiquity smuggling in 2005, and over 800 objects of various types and sizes were confiscated in the greater Athens area.
In 2004, the equivalent numbers were 90 arrests and over 2800 objects.
"The first thing Greeks think of when they find an ancient object in their field is how to sell it abroad," says Gligoris.
The price of an ancient object depends on age, rarity and volume.
According to recent press reports, a Roman-era statuette can fetch around 15,000 euros ($18,000), while a life-sized Classical Greek bronze statue from the 5th century BC recently sold for seven million dollars (5.8 million euros).
Moving through clandestine channels, illegally procured antiquities from Greece frequently end up in private collections outside the country, and have even been known to grace the displays of European and American museums.
And of late, the police have found out that robbers have also acquired a worrying taste for Byzantine-era religious masterpieces, which are both abundant and readily available at churches and monasteries across the country.
One 16th century Byzantine icon stolen from a monastery in the northern peninsula of Halkidiki was estimated to be worth 1.5 million euros, Greek press reports said.
"The robbers even dismantle entire sculpted icon screens," says Gligoris. "Church icons have turned from objects of faith to objects of art that some people collect."
The current trend governing the trade of antiquities, however, could be moving in Greece's favour.
Last month, New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art signed with Italy a deal on the return of disputed antiquities, including a 2500-year-old Greek vase that has been the centrepiece of the museum's holdings for decades.
"The robbers even dismantle entire sculpted icon screens. Church icons have turned from objects of faith to objects of art that some people collect"
With a number of repatriation cases of its own now pending, including four items sought from the Getty Museum in Los Angeles, Greece is keen to follow Italy's example.
George Voulgarakis, the new Greek culture minister, recently announced his intention to meet his Italian counterpart Rocco Buttiglione and Philippe de Montebello, the director of the Metropolitan Museum.
"We are currently working together with the Italians on a number of objects," says Gligoris, who has visited Rome on several occasions in the past months along with the senior Greek prosecutor investigating the illegal trade in Greek antiquities.
Gligoris argues that the Italians "have things well in hand. Prosecutor Paolo Ferri, with whom we are co-operating, has spent 20years battling this issue. Now, he is reaping the fruits of an excellent effort."


Currently underway is the IPC world Para championships in London where top para athletes from all around the globe will be competing. After the success of the 2012 Paralympic games in London, the city will be holding the IPC ParaAthlete World Champs just one month before the upcoming IAAF World Championships. This Competition will be run over a 20 days with around 4,000 volunteers with jobs and roles including transport , way-finding, meet and greet and accreditation.
The Oceania Championships for the 10km Road and Marathon took place on the Gold Coast, on the 1st and 2nd of July 2017. The races were held alongside the Gold Coast Marathon Festival. The races held in beautiful conditions, with still conditions greeting the runners.
The Men's and Women's marathon where highlighted by a brilliant performance by Virginia Moloney. The Australian ran a time of 2 hours 29 minutes and 14 seconds, to win by over 5 minutes from her nearest competitor.