text:
Elizabeth Bishop (1911–1979)
James Merrill
December 6, 1979 issue
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She disliked being photographed and usually hated the result. The whitening hair grew thick above a face each year somehow rounder and softer, like a bemused, blue-lidded planet, a touch too large, in any case, for a body that seemed never quite to have reached maturity. In early life the proportions would have been just right. A 1941 snapshot (printed in last winter's Vassar Bulletin) shows her at Key West, with bicycle, in black French beach togs, beaming straight at the camera: a living doll.
The bicycle may have been the same one she pedaled to the local electric company with her monthly bill and Charles Olson's, who one season rented her house but felt that "a Poet mustn't be asked to do prosaic things like pay bills." The story was told not at the Poet's expense but rather as fingers are crossed for luck—another of her own instinctive, modest, lifelong impersonations of an ordinary woman, someone who during the day did errands, went to the beach, would perhaps that evening jot a phrase or two inside the nightclub matchbook before returning to the dance floor.
Thus the later glimpses of her playing was it poker? with Neruda in a Mexican hotel, or pingpong with Octavio Paz in Cambridge, or getting Robert Duncan high on grass—"for the first time!"—in San Francisco, or teaching Frank Bidart the wildflowers in Maine. Why talk letters with one's gifted colleagues? They too would want, surely, to put aside work in favor of a new baby to examine, a dinner to shop for and cook, sambas, vignettes: Here's what I heard this afternoon (or saw twenty years ago)—imagine! Poetry was a life both shaped by and distinct from the lived one, like that sleet storm's second tree "of glassy veins" in "Five Flights Up." She was never unwilling to talk about hers, but managed to make it sound agreeably beside the point. As in her "Miracle for Breakfast" she tended to identify not with the magician on his dawn balcony but with the onlookers huddled and skeptical in the bread-line below.
This need for relief from what must have been an at times painful singularity was coupled with "the gift to be simple" under whatever circumstances. Once, after days of chilly drizzle in Ouro Preto, the sun came out and Elizabeth proposed a jaunt to the next town. There would be a handsome church and, better yet, a jail opposite whose murderers and wife-beaters wove the prettiest little bracelets and boxes out of empty cigarette packages, which they sold through the grille. Next a taxi was jouncing through sparkling red-and-green country, downhill, uphill, then, suddenly, under a rainbow! Elizabeth said some words in Portuguese, the driver began to shake with laughter. "In the north of Brazil," she explained, "they have this superstition, if you pass underneath a rainbow you change sex." (We were to pass more than once under this one.) On our arrival the prisoners had nothing to show us. They were mourning a comrade dead that week—six or eight men in their cavernous half-basement a narrow trench of water flowed through. They talked with Elizabeth quietly, like an old friend who would understand. It brought to mind that early prose piece where she imagines, with anything but distaste, being confined for life to a small stone cell. Leaving, she gave them a few coins; she had touched another secret base.
In Ouro Preto literary visitors were often a matter of poets from other parts of Brazil—weren't there 15,000 in Belem alone? These would arrive, two or three a week during the "season," to present her with their pamphlets, receiving in turn an inscribed Complete Poems from a stack on the floor beside her. The transaction, including coffee, took perhaps a quarter of an hour, at whose end we were once more by ourselves. The room was large, irregular in shape, the high beams painted. Instead of a picture or mirror one white wall framed a neat rectangular excavation: the plaster removed to show timbers lashed together by thongs. This style of construction dated the house before 1740. Across the room burned the cast-iron stove, American, the only one in town. More echoes, this time from "Sestina."
I was her first compatriot to visit in several months. She found it uncanny to be speaking English again. Her other guest, a young Brazilian painter, in town for the summer arts festival and worn out by long teaching hours, merely slept in the house. Late one evening, over Old-Fashioneds by the stove, a too recent sorrow had come to the surface; Elizabeth, uninsistent and articulate, was in tears. The young painter, returning, called out, entered—and stopped short on the threshold. His hostess almost blithely made him at home. Switching to Portuguese, "Don't be upset, José Alberto," I understood her to say, "I'm only crying in English."
The next year, before leaving Brazil for good, she went on a two-week excursion up the Rio Negro. One day the rattletrap white river-steamer was accosted by a wooden melon-rind barely afloat, containing a man, a child of perhaps six, and a battered but ornate armchair which they were hoping to sell. Nothing doing. However, a "famous eye" among the passengers was caught by the boatman's paddle—a splendidly sanded and varnished affair painted with the flags of Brazil and the United States; it would hang on her wall in Boston. When the riverman understood that the eccentric foreign Senhora was offering, for this implement on which his poor livelihood depended, more money ($6, if memory serves) than he could dream of refusing, his perplexity knew no bounds. Then the little boy spoke up: "Sell it Papá, we still have my paddle!"—waving one no bigger than a toy. Which in the event, the bargain struck, would slowly, comically, precariously ply them and their unsold throne back across the treacherous water.
Will it serve as momentary emblem of her charm as a woman and her wisdom as a poet? The adult, in charge of the craft, keeping it balanced, richer for a loss; the child coming up with means that, however slow, quirky, humble, would nevertheless—
Nevertheless, with or without emblems, and hard as it is to accept that there will be no more of them, her poems remain. One has to blush, faced with poems some of us feel to be more wryly radiant, more touching, more unaffectedly intelligent than any written in our lifetime, to come up with such few blurred snapshots of their maker. It is not her writings—even to those magically chatty letters—whose loss is my subject here. Those miracles outlast their performer; but for her the sun has set, and for us the balcony is dark.
More by James Merrill
Domestic Architecture
November 5, 1998 issue
An Upward Look
May 11, 1995 issue
James Merrill (1926–1995) was an American poet whose major work The Changing Light at Sandover describes a series of spirit communications conducted over many years. He won the National Book Award from his collections Nights and Days and Mirabell: Books of Number.
Alex Dimitrov
a poem
February 11, 2021 issue
Maureen N. McLane
Sylvia Legris
Corn Crowfoot, Corn Buttercup
April 9, 2020 issue
Jan Zábrana, translated from the Czech by Justin Quinn
Evening Trains
Rae Armantrout
Richard Sieburth
Lacustrine
November 21, 2019 issue
Logan Fry
The Disease of Nature
August 20, 2020 issue
Sandra Lim


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Home Garden Flower 17 Best Plants That Repel Wasps And Bees
17 Best Plants That Repel Wasps And Bees
There is not a day that passes when we are reminded of how important bees are for the environment and in plant biodiversity, but they sting, and that is still a cause for concern for gardens and landscapes. And let us not get started on wasps. They are straight on brutal, and their sting could be fatal if not mitigated immediately.
Since it is not that acceptable to exterminate bees because they are a source of honey and we need them for pollination, and since wasps are a challenge to eliminate, here is a rundown of plants that repel wasps and bees.
Related: 9 Flies That Look Like Bees But Aren't (With Pictures)
How do you keep wasps and bees away from plants?
17 plants that repel wasps and bees
1. Cucumber
2. Basil
3. Geraniums
4. Pitcher plants
6. Trumpet flowers
7. Wormwood
8. Lemongrass
9. Eucalyptus
10. Pennyroyal
11. Cloves
12. Marigolds
13. Rue plant
14. Lemon balm
15. Alliums
16. Floss flower
17. Red roses
What smells do wasps hate?
What plants attract bees and wasps?
Does peppermint keep wasps away?
What yard maintenance steps should be done to keep wasps away?
What should I do to keep ground bees away from the home?
Do wasps kill bees?
Why are wasps dangerous?
Are honey bees dangerous?
Are bees aggressive to humans?
There are a lot of ways in which you can use insect repellent plants to your advantage. Here are some handy tips that you should put into mind when choosing plants in repelling bees and wasps away from the garden.
Bees and wasps hate overpowering smells so make sure that you use this for your advantage.
Plants with sharp spines are also hated by bees and wasps.
Use fake, flashy flowers to confuse stinging insects.
Bees and wasps are colorblind to specific colors so make sure that you know which colors these are.
Use plants that lures wasps and bees because of their color but in turn traps them or eats them.
Let us go straight to plant alternatives that are natural repellents for wasps and bees. Some of them are very common and all of them are easy to grow and are low maintenance. Hence, here are 17 plants that repel wasps and bees.
This is always a shocker for insect repellent plants. Wasps and bees hate the acidity of cucumbers and are also not a fan of its bitter taste to them.
To use cucumber as bees and wasp repellent, you can plant one in the garden and have a stable source of fruit, or you could also shred them and just distribute the peels in the garden or where the bees and wasps are nesting.
Related: 15 Best Plants That Repel Roaches
We all love basil because it is an all-around herb, used for pasta dishes and salads. It is also a very underrated pest and insect repellant. Its strong aroma is hated by roaches, mites, as well as bees and wasps.
Having basil in the garden comes in handy but it also makes the landscape bee and wasp free. This herb is easy to grow, loves the sun, and is low maintenance.
Related: 20+ Plants That Repel Snakes
When we are talking about bee repellent geraniums, we are specifically talking of red geraniums. There are two reasons why bees are not fond of geraniums, and they would easily fly off when they see one.
First, bees are colorblind to red and second, geraniums produce little to no pollen at all. Geraniums have flashy colors, and they make good border and accent plants, so they are a versatile garden addition.
Related: Natural Tick Repellent: 8 Plants That Repel Ticks
This is an interesting plant because it is a trap crop. As such, instead of just repelling bees and wasps, pitcher plants trap them and 'eat' them. Insects, including bees and wasps are lured to these plants because of their glossy look and delicate colors.
They are very slippery and when they are not eaten by these plants, they can slip down, fall to a pool of water, and then die by drowning. This is a very tricky plant to grow and maintain so it might be the best choice.
Related: Natural Flea Repellents: 17 Plants That Repel Fleas
This well-loved herb is not just for salads and cocktails but are also natural repellents for wasps and other insects. Wasps hate their strong smell because it is too overwhelming for them.
They can be planted as container plants and placed around the home or in the garden bed. It can also be extracted for their oil and be used in humidifiers to wasp-proof the home.
Related: 10 Plants That Repel Flies Naturally and Keep the Home Bug-Free
Because of the peculiar shape and look of trumpet flowers, bees are challenged in extracting nectar from this plant, making it a natural repellent for them. Its dull colors and pungent smell also deter wasps and other pests and insects.
Some of the best trumpet flowers that you can adorn your garden would be amaryllis, honeysuckle, buttercups, and narcissus.
Related: 11 Plants That Repel Mosquitoes: Keep Those Pesky Biters Away!
This is another underrated pest and insect repellent. Also known as Artemisia, the leaf of this plant is harvested and dried to be packed in bundles and then hanged around the home to deter wasps and bees.
This was the traditional way of using it but now, oils are extracted from the wormwood to use it as essential oil. It can also be planted as a border plant and be used as a barrier for wasps and bees.
Related: 14 Companion Planting Herbs to Repel Pests (From Anise to Wormwood)
In the natural world, wasps and lemongrass just do not mix. The reason for this is the large citronella concentrations found in lemongrass, making its citrus scent overpowering for most insects like mosquitoes, bees, and wasps.
It is easy to grow and thrives on neglect. It can also be used as a container plant to be placed in window sills and other spaces in the home where insects are mainstays.
Related: Top 7 Incredible Plants that Repel Ants
This is a cousin of the lemongrass and all other citrus scented plants and herbs. It repels a whole range of insects including mosquitoes, fleas, mites, bees, and wasps. Again, the scent of eucalyptus is very powerful for these insects making it a natural repellent for them. They can be grown as trees or can be potted in containers. The leaves can also be processed to make essential oils.
Related: Top 7 Plants That Repel Spiders
This is not a popular bee repellent plant, but it sure deserves a lot of recognition. Since it is a compact plant, it is perfect as an underplant for many landscapes and as potted plants for the home to be bee-proof.
Bees do not swarm around it because it is not that colorful plus the smell is pungent for them. They fare well in partial sun and shade and love well-draining soils.
This one has a spicy and sweet scent. Though bees and wasps could be attracted to it for a while, the strong scent when they get near it would deter them.
They can be planted around the yard, but it would be a more potent insect or bee and wasp deterrent if it is mixed with lime, eucalyptus, or cinnamon either as potpourri for the home, as essential oil or shred them in a mix to be distributed around the yard.
This one is a popular insect repellant. It deters mosquitoes, mites, fleas, even bees and wasps. It has a strong citronella scent which overpowers the sense of smell of these insects. Because of its flashy colors, bee species, specifically honeybees, would still swarm around it for nectar. It is a beautiful landscape plant that is easy to plant and thrives even with no care.
It is both an underrated herb and insect repellent. The rue plant deters bees, wasps, and other insects because its leaves have a bitter taste, and its smell is pungent thanks to its oil coated glands.
Other than this, its flowers are very small and insignificant, so bees are not naturally attracted to it. It is easy to propagate and is hated by bees, wasps, fleas, as well as fruit flies.
This fruity, refreshing, and citrusy plant is a good addition in your garden bed as it could be used in sprucing up cooked dishes, salads, healthy water and in cocktails. Because of its powerful smell, it is a natural deterrent to wasps and hornets as well as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, and other stinging insects. Have it around the garden or take it as potted plants.
This one is a cousin of many strong-scented herbs like chives, shallots, garlic, leeks, and scallions. As such, it deters wasps, flies, as well as worms and slugs but unfortunately, not bees because of its colorful blooms.
You can plant them in between your herb and flower garden. They are, however, toxic to furry pets so that is a downside that you have to consider.
This bright, annual flowering plant is only attractive to bees for its nectar. But its strong smell caused by the chemical coumarin, naturally repels mosquitoes, wasps, and other insects and pests. Bees cannot swarm around it for long because of this strong smell too.
We have previously mentioned that bees are colorblind to red. As such, red roses and other dark colored roses tend to deter bees because they cannot see them. If you are particularly eliminating bees around, go for red roses. But if it is wasps and other insects that you want out of the garden, go for highly scented roses.
Aromatic, minty, citrusy, and essentially any overpowering or strong scents are hated smells by wasps. This is the common denominator of almost all the plants featured here. Other scents that these insects hate would be the following:
Soap scent
It is equally important to know which plants attract bees and wasps so that you can make a conscious judgment in not planting them around the yard. As such, here are some of the most attractive plants for bees and wasps.
Borage: It is popularly known as the bee bush. It is a traditional medicinal herb with bright, flashy flowers.
Rosemary: Aromatic and medicinal, this one has flowers that bees love and a scent that wasps can tolerate.
Catnip: It does not just lure bees and wasps but also our feline friends.
Flowering currant: During spring, this is one of the favorite plants of bees, butterflies, birds, and other pollinators.
Pussy willows: This is one of those plants that really come with a lot of pollen. Bees are naturally attracted to this plant.
Crocus: The subtle blue and purple flowers of this plant is a favorite for bees. Because it does not have a strong smell, wasps can also swarm around it.
Sunflowers: Aside from its bright flowers and sweet smell, this flowering plant is also a favorite of bees and butterflies because it contains lots of pollen. It is also a famous plant among birds because of its high quality, abundant seeds.
Echinacea: Also goes with the name coneflowers, these late bloomers are loved by bees and other insects.
Hyacinth: It should not be a wonder why this plant made it to this list. Those large, colorful blooms are the favorite of bees and other pollinators.
Lilacs: The pollen and nectar of the delicate lilac plant is one of the favorites of bees, butterflies, and birds.
How about wasps? What types of plants are they attracted to? Here are some of the plants that wasps, particularly love.
Sweet fennel
Queen Anne's lace (wild carrot)
Yes. You can plant them around the yard, keep a potted one inside the home or make an essential oil out of it. You can try this simple solution to help you in your wasp problem.
Prepare a spray bottle and put in a few drops of peppermint oil along with a minimal amount of dish soap.
Fill the remaining space with water and then shake the solution well.
Spray the solution in wasp nests if you have located them, or around entryways like window sills, holes, and crevices.
Yard and garden maintenance are very essential in keeping unwanted insects away especially those stinging ones like bees and wasps. Here are some yard maintenance tips that you can employ to keep the wasps and bees away from the garden.
Plan your landscape: Design your landscape in such a way that the planters and garden boxes for the flowers are not near the house. Distribute these flowering plants on the estate outskirts like in the patio, the poolside, etc.
Employ weed control: Although weeds do not produce flashy flowers, they could still be used as a niche by wasps and bees, among others. For this reason, you must regularly pull-out unwanted plants from the garden.
Eliminate standing water: Like mosquitoes, wasps are attracted to still water. If you live near a lake, have a pond in your estate or water puddles are around your vicinity, make sure that no stagnant water is around.
Avoid sticky food residues: Sticky and colorful foods naturally attract bees, ants, wasps, and other insects. Crumbs and spills usually attract them inside the home or around the places where the leftovers are taken.
Pest control: More than anything else, you must come up with the most strategic pest control for your garden to lure out bees, wasps, and other insects from the landscape. You can also, instead, search for bird species that feed on wasps and other harmful insects.
The sting of ground bees could be particularly fatal and to avoid that, here are some tips that you can do to keep them away from the home aside from the list of plants that you can add to your garden.
Use commercial bee sprays: These sprays are specifically designed to target the central nervous system of bees. When ingested by them, it could lead to paralysis and eventually, death.
Powder dust: Insecticidal powder, perhaps, is the best way to eliminate ground bees as well as wasps once and for all because you can directly apply this in their nests. Like bee sprays, it suffocates them and then paralyses them, leading to death. Buy a duster along with the product for you to have a safe application.
Bee zapper: If you just want to deter them from entering the home, you can install a bee zapper in your door. This one does not emit any harmful substance and purely works on electromagnetic rays to zap bees and other insects before they could enter the home. The light from the zapper attracts the insects in but they will be electrocuted in the process. Most zappers are also waterproof so you can use them even if it is raining outside.
Vinegar solution: If you are not a fan of chemicals, the all-natural vinegar and water solution is the best bee spray out there. Its strong smell attacks the respiratory system of bees, leading to suffocation and then death.
Mothballs: The vapor coming from mothballs is a scent that bees really hate. It does not just drive bees out of the home but also kills them in the process.
Install bee traps: They need not be elaborate bee traps. A sticky bee trap can be one way to do it. Another is putting up small jugs with water and a bee hole to lure them in. You can also put a vinegar or soap solution in the water to kill the trapped bees.
Cinnamon powder: If you want to force bees to relocate, you can pour cinnamon powder around their beehives. The scent of cinnamon is just unattractive to bees, and this has been a proven solution in making the bees relocate.
Get the sprinklers on: Small patches in the ground is an indication that you have a swarm of ground bees around. Because they hate water, it would not only drown them but would also force them to relocate elsewhere.
Interestingly, yellow jacket wasps and hornets are the top predators of bees. As a matter of fact, some species of wasps specifically target honeybees, attacking their beehives every now and then. This is the reason why honey bee growers are very attuned to wasp seasons because wasps hinder the honey production.
Wasps are considered dangerous because they are territorial and any movement around their nests would make them aggressive, stinging people and critters for no reason. They are also considered as more fatal than bees because they do not die after they sting their victim, meaning that they can sting you several times.
If you think that you have been stung by a wasp or if you are experiencing allergic reactions to wasp stings, call for immediate rescue because you can be killed through anaphylactic shock. Nonetheless, it is said that an adult can withstand up to 1000 wasp stings, but a child can be killed with 500 stings from wasps.
Yes, honeybees are also dangerous like wasps. One sting from honeybees can result in raised welts and a painful one for that matter. This is because of the venom carried by the bee sting. While most people could survive a bee sting, those that have allergies can die of anaphylactic shock.
Yes. They follow a cyclic nature and aggression is one of these behaviors, especially during summer and fall. The reasons behind this would be the following:
Having lost a queen could cause a colony of bees to become aggressive to humans.
Nectar dearth or having a low amount of gathered nectar also causes aggression.
Beehive robbing is the most common cause of bee aggression.
Activation of their alarm pheromone due to different reasons.
Rainy weather, winter, and high humidity can activate their aggressive nature.
To conclude, there are sets of plants that are deterrent specifically to bees and wasps but if you want to make a barrier for these two insects at once, choose plants that are deterrent to both, and the list here proves that you have a lot of plants to choose from for that job.
From what we have covered here, it is understood that to lure out these stinging insects, you must confuse them with color and overpower them with scent. There are also yard maintenance drills that you must master to keep them off the yard once and for all.
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text:
Cities For Youth
'Your Markham Centre' Secondary Plan
'Our Future City' Mississauga
Building Markham's Future Together
#WouldYouRatherTO
#WouldYouRatherMC
Brake at Bond
Weekly Warm-Ups
#10veyourcity
Future Cities, Future Us
5 Years of Urban Minds
We are designers, strategists and
youth engagement experts.
OUR TEAM |
Co-Founder
M.U.P., B.E.S.
Ryan is an urban planner, community engagement practitioner, and youth advocate. As Co-Founder of Urban Minds, he bridges the gap between youth and decision makers by developing youth engagement strategies with municipalities and community partners. His work includes organizing the annual 1UPToronto Conference and the 1UP Leaders Lab program, where high school students learn about city building and gain practical skills in civic leadership. Ryan has extensive experience in facilitating engagement events for placemaking and transportation projects across Canada and the US.
Angela Ng
M.Arch., B.Arch.Sci.
Angela is an architectural designer, educator, and youth advocate. As Co-Founder of Urban Minds, she elevates youth voices in the decision-making process of cities by delivering educational school workshops about urban planning and by mentoring a growing network of high school students. Angela is the recipient of the Sappi Ideas That Matter Grant, which funded the production of her 1UP Starter Kit, a key resource for high school students to lead their own community design-build projects. Her design expertise is recognized as winner of the City of Toronto's Everyone is King: Design-Build Competition with her team's youth-friendly curb lane public art installation, #WouldYouRatherTO.
Patrycia Menko
Patrycia is a recent graduate of the MES in Planning program at the University of Waterloo (UW). She is an aspiring urban planner and currently works as a Planning and Public Health Research Assistant at UW. Patrycia is passionate about inclusive placemaking and equitable healthy food access in cities. Her research interests are largely in food gentrification and intersectionality from a planning perspective. Patrycia is also closely tied to the communities of which she is part of and has held several leadership roles, including Co-Chair of the City of Waterloo Pollinator Group and Social Officer for the Association of Graduate Planners during her master's studies. Patrycia is motivated by the prospect of amplifying voices still invisible in planning processes, strengthening allyship between the planning profession and public health, and forevermore continuing her education through practice.
Jane is an aspiring urban planner with experience in arts-based community engagement for equity-seeking groups. She is interested in exploring how engagement processes can be made more creative, approachable, and compelling for people of all abilities and ages. Jane has previous experience working in the role of community engagement with the City of Toronto, the Toronto Youth Food Policy Council, the Toronto Ward Museum, and multiple Business Improvement Areas. Besides planning, you can find Jane participating in zoom ballet class in her basement, baking new recipes in the kitchen, and reading books in the comfort of her room.
Matthew James
Growth Coordinator
Matthew is a student at Mohawk College studying Urban Planning & Geographic Information Systems. He has experience as a facilitator and mentor, and is keen on continuing to develop his understanding of design and policy to contribute to a new generation of practitioners. In volunteering with Urban Minds, Matthew aspires to assist in furthering the influence and impact of nuanced collaborations between youth, municipalities, industry professionals and the public for equitable dialogue and enhanced education outside of the classroom.
Vincent Lee
Growth Coordinator
Vincent is passionate about building products that have a positive impact on society and the environment. He is currently completing his MBA at Wilfrid Laurier University, with previous experience in digital marketing, strategic planning and operations, and coaching youth sports. Most recently, he has been involved in consulting projects that focus on developing innovative solutions to combat the food waste crisis and climate change. In his free time, he loves to read, travel, play badminton, and snowboard.
Adriana CeRic
Adriana is a grade 12 student at Waterloo Collegiate Institute in Waterloo, ON Canada. Since she was young, she has always noticed problems in the way her community was built and her dream is to one day innovate sustainable, life-sized and inclusive cities for all. As a 17-year-old, she believes that it age is no barrier for what one can achieve, and she knows that youth input is key to add solid foundations to our work, play and home environments (pun intended). When she is not doing schoolwork, she can be found editing her podcast or trying out online recipes.
ENOSH CHEN
Engagement Strategist
Enosh Chen is a first-year undergraduate in the Honours Planning program at the University of Waterloo and an Outreach Coordinator at Urban Minds. He chose to study urban planning because he believes that there are always opportunities to enhance communities around the world. Besides urban planning, he is interested in designing graphics and teaching kids.
CATHERINE CAETANO-mACDONELL
OUTREACH COORDINATOR
Catherine is passionate about designing with quality communication to understand users' needs and create moments of joy in peoples' daily lives. In June 2020, she graduated from Carleton University's School of Industrial Design with a Bachelor of Industrial Design and a Minor in Technology, Society, and Environmental Studies. In the past three years, she has been designing websites, graphic designs, communication materials, and physiotherapy products. She has been involved in research projects looking at co-design as a democratic design process. She hopes to become an Urban Designer in the future and improve walkability and transportation in the city. In her free time, Catherine loves dancing, doing yoga, studying new languages, and exploring the city.
KELLY gINGRICH
Kelly is passionate about environmental and sustainability education and getting youth involved in climate action. She has a particular interest in climate justice on the local level. Holding a Master of Education from OISE/UT, and looking forward to beginning a Master of Environmental Studies at York University, Kelly is eager to learn about participatory and community-based research, youth engagement and co-creating new narratives to build collective futures. Kelly has more recently begun advocating in her community of Simcoe County for complete communities, active transportation and more democratic and collaborative planning processes. In her spare time, Kelly loves to read, learn how to grow vegetables and nerd out enjoying sci-fi.
JENNIFER KHUU
program coordinator
Jennifer is an urban planning student at Ryerson University who is passionate about youth empowerment, social planning, and environmental conservation. She is always eager to learn more about fostering sustainable and thriving communities that boost the wellbeing of all citizens. Her passion for community engagement developed through working with Secure the Food Mississauga and Volunteering Peel. Jennifer also enjoys playing the piano and learning new languages in her free time.
Cynthia Tia
program coordinator
Cynthia is a Political Scientist currently in the postbaccalaureate program at Ryerson University with the School of Urban and Regional Planning. She is passionate about climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, environmental sustainability, and community development within the BIA realm. As program coordinator, she hopes to provide interested youth with opportunities to help transform their communities into resilient, adaptable, and beautiful spaces. In her free time, Cynthia enjoys watching youtube videos of restaurants to visit when travelling and recreating her mom's recipes.
Maryam is a Justice, Political Philosophy, and Law student at McMaster University. She is passionate about community engagement, global health equity, and learning from those around her. She's excited about creating accessible platforms for youth to learn more about sustainable and inclusive city planning and get engaged with these processes in her role. Outside of work, you can find her reading, spending time outdoors, baking, and hoping that the Leafs advance past the first round of playoffs one day.
MATTHEW CHAN
pLACEMENT STUDENT
Matthew is an Urban Studies and Psychology student at the University of Toronto. He is passionate about empowering and encouraging youth engagement in the urban planning field; precisely, by facilitating and creating inclusive spaces for youth to confidently participate. With experience in peer mentorships, leading in peer support groups, and facilitating workshops; Matthew is eager to help foster an environment for aspiring youths in the urban planning field.
Rian Matthew Moreno
Rian Human Geography, GIS and Environmental Studies student at the University of Toronto. Rian is passionate about shaping the city towards greater public participation, and equity. He is excited to create accessible and inclusive spaces for youth to participate. On top of this, he is excited to be able to participate in community outreach and work directly with the community. With experience in GIS and youth planning research, Rian is excited to contribute towards the development of spaces for youth success in the field of Urban Planning.
OUR ADVISORY BOARD |
AMUNA BARAKA-CLARKE
Amuna is passionate about access. She has almost three decades of experience working in the areas of homelessness, education, social justice, legal advocacy and policy. She works as a Senior Human Resources Leader in Community Healthcare and is an active volunteer across many communities. She has an undergraduate degree in Political Science and English Literature and a Master's degree in Public Policy, Administration and Law.
wesley Reibeling
Wesley Reibeling (he/him) is the Toronto Program Manager at Park People and Co-chair of Jane's Walk, with the recent addition of joining the advisory board at Urban Minds.
Wesley holds a Bachelor of Arts in Theatre Studies from York University and is working toward a Certificate in Community Engagement at Toronto Metropolitan University where his recent mentorship skills assisted TMU School of Urban and Regional Planning students through Public Life studies on Urban Parks and equitable consultation.
Wesley Reibeling is a multidisciplinary artist and urbanist whose work has a focus on community, psychogeography, belonging and equity in cities. He is also a member of the Arts and Letters Club in Toronto and dabbles in street photography, podcasting, and other art forms in his spare time.
Daniel Rotsztain
Daniel Rotsztain is the Urban Geographer, an artist, writer and cartographer whose work examines our relationship to the places we inhabit. The author and illustrator of All the Libraries Toronto and A Colourful History Toronto, Daniel's work has also been featured in the Globe and Mail, the Toronto Star, and a regular column on CBC Radio's Here and Now. As a frequent patron of libraries, malls, and strip malls throughout the Greater Toronto Area, Daniel's projects seek to understand and support the diverse settings of the city's public life through walking tours, residencies, and landscape interventions. He is a project manager at ERA Architects and is the co-lead of plazaPOPS, a community-lead approach to transforming strip mall parking lots into comfortable, safe, and accessible gathering places in Toronto's inner suburbs.
Eugenia Ochoa
Tatiana Soldatova
A tenacious entrepreneur with a passion for realizing complex problems through innovation, Tatiana pushes the boundaries of design research and brings together industry leaders to help guide projects with award-winning results. She co-founded Syllable Inc. - a Toronto-based, people-centric design and architecture studio specializing in corporate interiors, low rise multi-residential suites, and boutique retail spaces. Her role within the firm oversees managing business strategy and operations, providing internal mentorship, and driving the company's growth and continued excellence year over year. Key clients include Chanel, Moderna, Achievers, and Kraft Heinz Canada.
In addition to her private practice, Tatiana is involved with Toronto's Entrepreneurs Organization (EO) as a EOA Social and SAP Chair and previously served on ARIDO's Board of Directors (Association of Registered Interior Designers of Ontario). Tatiana graduated from Humber College with a Bachelor of Interior Design and subsequently earned a Master of Science in Strategic Design and Management from Parsons School of Design in New York City.
J.C. Eli m. bAWUAH
Jc Elijah (Eli) M. Bawuah (he/him) is a practicing Urban Planner and Public Consultant with multi-disciplinary experience gained by working in a spectrum of city and community-building roles. He has worked on development applications, master plans, social plans, mobility/transportation projects across Ontario. Eli has co-developed equity initiatives centering the lived experiences and voices of Toronto's diverse urban stakeholders, while fostering collaborative environments that generate values of reciprocity and sustainability. To Eli, leadership is about allowing yourself to be vulnerable while advocating for what you believe in that may benefit someone other than yourself. This is why he co-founded the Mentoring Initiative for Indigenous and Planners of Colour (MIIPOC). With the goal to advance diversity and representation amongst city-builders and leadership, the Mentoring Initiative for Indigenous and Planners of Colour (MIIPOC) focuses on establishing a national network between experienced planners and emerging planners from marginalized communities. As a former Committee Member of the City of Toronto's 2SLGBTQ+ Council Advisory Body, he advised and helped to inform strategies aimed at removing barriers faced by the queer community.
Our 1UP Executive Team serves as our youth advisors on our projects and initiatives.
Youth Advisors
We're always looking for collaborators and partnerships.
If you're interested in city building and youth engagement,
give us a shout at hello@urbanminds.co


text:
#include "SkDropShadowImageFilter.h"

#include "SkBitmap.h"
#include "SkBlurImageFilter.h"
#include "SkCanvas.h"
#include "SkColorMatrixFilter.h"
#include "SkDevice.h"
#include "SkReadBuffer.h"
#include "SkWriteBuffer.h"

SkDropShadowImageFilter::SkDropShadowImageFilter(SkScalar dx, SkScalar dy,
                                                 SkScalar sigmaX, SkScalar sigmaY, SkColor color,
                                                 ShadowMode shadowMode, SkImageFilter* input,
                                                 const CropRect* cropRect, uint32_t uniqueID)
    : INHERITED(1, &input, cropRect, uniqueID)
    , fDx(dx)
    , fDy(dy)
    , fSigmaX(sigmaX)
    , fSigmaY(sigmaY)
    , fColor(color)
    , fShadowMode(shadowMode)
{
}

SkFlattenable* SkDropShadowImageFilter::CreateProc(SkReadBuffer& buffer) {
    SK_IMAGEFILTER_UNFLATTEN_COMMON(common, 1);
    SkScalar dx = buffer.readScalar();
    SkScalar dy = buffer.readScalar();
    SkScalar sigmaX = buffer.readScalar();
    SkScalar sigmaY = buffer.readScalar();
    SkColor color = buffer.readColor();
    ShadowMode shadowMode = buffer.isVersionLT(SkReadBuffer::kDropShadowMode_Version) ?
                            kDrawShadowAndForeground_ShadowMode :
                            static_cast<ShadowMode>(buffer.readInt());
    return Create(dx, dy, sigmaX, sigmaY, color, shadowMode, common.getInput(0),
                  &common.cropRect(), common.uniqueID());
}

void SkDropShadowImageFilter::flatten(SkWriteBuffer& buffer) const {
    this->INHERITED::flatten(buffer);
    buffer.writeScalar(fDx);
    buffer.writeScalar(fDy);
    buffer.writeScalar(fSigmaX);
    buffer.writeScalar(fSigmaY);
    buffer.writeColor(fColor);
    buffer.writeInt(static_cast<int>(fShadowMode));
}

bool SkDropShadowImageFilter::onFilterImage(Proxy* proxy, const SkBitmap& source,
                                            const Context& ctx,
                                            SkBitmap* result, SkIPoint* offset) const
{
    SkBitmap src = source;
    SkIPoint srcOffset = SkIPoint::Make(0, 0);
    if (getInput(0) && !getInput(0)->filterImage(proxy, source, ctx, &src, &srcOffset))
        return false;

    SkIRect bounds;
    if (!this->applyCropRect(ctx, src, srcOffset, &bounds)) {
        return false;
    }

    SkAutoTUnref<SkBaseDevice> device(proxy->createDevice(bounds.width(), bounds.height()));
    if (NULL == device.get()) {
        return false;
    }
    SkCanvas canvas(device.get());

    SkVector sigma = SkVector::Make(fSigmaX, fSigmaY);
    ctx.ctm().mapVectors(&sigma, 1);
    sigma.fX = SkMaxScalar(0, sigma.fX);
    sigma.fY = SkMaxScalar(0, sigma.fY);
    SkAutoTUnref<SkImageFilter> blurFilter(SkBlurImageFilter::Create(sigma.fX, sigma.fY));
    SkAutoTUnref<SkColorFilter> colorFilter(
        SkColorFilter::CreateModeFilter(fColor, SkXfermode::kSrcIn_Mode));
    SkPaint paint;
    paint.setImageFilter(blurFilter.get());
    paint.setColorFilter(colorFilter.get());
    paint.setXfermodeMode(SkXfermode::kSrcOver_Mode);
    SkVector offsetVec = SkVector::Make(fDx, fDy);
    ctx.ctm().mapVectors(&offsetVec, 1);
    canvas.translate(SkIntToScalar(srcOffset.fX - bounds.fLeft),
                     SkIntToScalar(srcOffset.fY - bounds.fTop));
    canvas.drawBitmap(src, offsetVec.fX, offsetVec.fY, &paint);
    if (fShadowMode == kDrawShadowAndForeground_ShadowMode) {
        canvas.drawBitmap(src, 0, 0);
    }
    *result = device->accessBitmap(false);
    offset->fX = bounds.fLeft;
    offset->fY = bounds.fTop;
    return true;
}

void SkDropShadowImageFilter::computeFastBounds(const SkRect& src, SkRect* dst) const {
    if (getInput(0)) {
        getInput(0)->computeFastBounds(src, dst);
    } else {
        *dst = src;
    }

    SkRect shadowBounds = *dst;
    shadowBounds.offset(fDx, fDy);
    shadowBounds.outset(SkScalarMul(fSigmaX, SkIntToScalar(3)),
                        SkScalarMul(fSigmaY, SkIntToScalar(3)));
    if (fShadowMode == kDrawShadowAndForeground_ShadowMode) {
        dst->join(shadowBounds);
    } else {
        *dst = shadowBounds;
    }
}

bool SkDropShadowImageFilter::onFilterBounds(const SkIRect& src, const SkMatrix& ctm,
                                             SkIRect* dst) const {
    SkIRect bounds = src;
    SkVector offsetVec = SkVector::Make(fDx, fDy);
    ctm.mapVectors(&offsetVec, 1);
    bounds.offset(-SkScalarCeilToInt(offsetVec.x()),
                  -SkScalarCeilToInt(offsetVec.y()));
    SkVector sigma = SkVector::Make(fSigmaX, fSigmaY);
    ctm.mapVectors(&sigma, 1);
    bounds.outset(SkScalarCeilToInt(SkScalarMul(sigma.x(), SkIntToScalar(3))),
                  SkScalarCeilToInt(SkScalarMul(sigma.y(), SkIntToScalar(3))));
    if (fShadowMode == kDrawShadowAndForeground_ShadowMode) {
        bounds.join(src);
    }
    if (getInput(0) && !getInput(0)->filterBounds(bounds, ctm, &bounds)) {
        return false;
    }
    *dst = bounds;
    return true;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home » Small Business Loan Reviews » Kabbage Funding Review: Is A Kabbage Line Of Credit Right For Your Business?
Kabbage Loans
Kabbage Funding Review: Is A Kabbage Line Of Credit Right For Your Business?
Kabbage offers a line of credit for eligible small businesses looking for access to working capital.
Kate Hoots
Kate Hoots An expert in business banking, consumer finance, and online payments, Kate Hoots has been writing about small business commerce since 2020. A former journalist for the West Linn Tidings and the Wilsonville Spokesman, Kate boasts wide experience in business leadership and communication. She has a degree in English Literature from Lewis & Clark College.
Terms & Fees Good
Application Process Good
Sales & Advertising Transparency Excellent
Customer Service Good
User Reviews Good
Reasonable borrower qualifications
No added fees
No early payment penalty
Rates can be expensive
No long-term financing options
Relatively low cap on loans
Kabbage Funding Overview
Kabbage is an online lending platform that offers lines of credit, business banking, and payment services to eligible businesses. Overall, it would seem difficult to find a more convenient lender than Kabbage.
Business owners can apply for loans ranging from $1,000 to $250,000. Once they get a decision on their rates and fees, they can start drawing funds. (Kabbage notes that some lending decisions may take four to seven business days.)
The speed comes at a price, though. Total monthly fees incurred over the loan term range from 2-9% for 6-month loans, 4.5-18% for 12-month loans, 6.75-27% for 18-month loans, and are subject to change for future loans drawn under the available line of credit. And while Kabbage doesn't have a prepayment penalty, it's important to note that Kabbage loans are front-loaded, with the majority of fees paid in the first third of the repayment period. That means you might not be able to save very much money by repaying early.
Despite the potentially high cost, there's a lot to like about Kabbage. Keep reading to learn more!
Kabbage Funding Services Offered
Kabbage Funding Borrower Qualifications
Kabbage Funding Terms & Fees
Kabbage Funding Application Process
Sales & Advertising Transparency
Customer Service & Technical Support
Kabbage Funding User Reviews
Is A Kabbage Line Of Credit Right For Your Small Business?
FAQs About Kabbage Funding (Line Of Credit)
Kabbage offers the following services:
Kabbage Business Lines Of Credit: Kabbage Funding extends credit to a borrower, and the borrower can draw upon that credit at will up to a credit limit. Each new draw on the line of credit opens a new installment loan. Interest is paid monthly on the total amount of funding used.
Kabbage Payment Services: The suite of services known as Kabbage Payments encompasses invoice processing, custom payment URLs, and card processing.
Kabbage Checking: One of the newest Kabbage products is Kabbage Checking. Kabbage Checking offers a high APY, making it a solid option for small businesses that need business banking services.
To determine your eligibility for a Kabbage loan, the company reviews information about your bank accounts, prior credit, and repayment history. Expect to have your business's average monthly revenue and transaction volume analyzed, among other metrics. You must have a valid business checking account to apply.
To qualify for a Kabbage loan, here's what you'll need:
Time In Business 12 months
Business Revenue Minimum Monthly Revenue $3,000
Personal Credit Score 640
You will need to consent to a credit check during the application process. This is a one-time hard inquiry, and it allows Kabbage to review the information within your report when considering approval. Applicants in fair to excellent categories are more likely to qualify.
Rating: Good
These are the terms and fees stated on Kabbage's website:
Borrowing Amount $1,000-$250,000
Draw Term Length 6, 12, or 18 months
Borrowing Fee 0.25%-3.5% of the borrowing amount per month
Draw Fee None
Effective APR Variable (Learn more about APRs)
Kabbage loans have a term length of six, 12, or 18 months. Each month you repay 1/6th, 1/12th, or 1/18th of the principal, plus a fee.
This lender does not enforce a prepayment penalty, but keep in mind that Kabbage operates on a front-loaded fee structure. For the first two months of a six-month loan, the first six months of a 12-month loan, or the first nine months of an 18-month loan, your fee will be up to 3% of the original principal per month. For the remaining months of your loan, your fee will be 1% of the principal.
If you feel confused, take advantage of this very nice Kabbge Funding loan calculator on their website. Using the calculator may help you understand how the fees work and how the front-loaded structure affects your finances if you plan to pay off your loan early.
Be aware that, due to the way the fees are issued, Kabbage loans do not technically carry an APR. Payments are made monthly.
Other than the monthly borrowing fee, Kabbage does not charge additional fees. For example, you will not be charged origination fees, maintenance or servicing fees, unused line fees, or prepayment penalties. However, you can expect to pay late fees and fees for returned payments.
Before you get your loan, Kabbage will send you a SMART Box that will disclose everything you need to know to make an informed borrowing decision, including the total loan fee and the effective APR.
The application process is completed online and requires you to share information about yourself and your business. You will also have to give the lender read-only access to your business bank account and any other data channels you use (such as Amazon, PayPal, and QuickBooks). Kabbage uses the information provided to determine your monthly fee and maximum credit line.
Kabbage will perform a hard pull on your credit during the application stage and use your credit history to help verify your identity and determine risk. Kabbage says a minimum score of 640 is required.
An algorithm decides your rates and fees. It generally only takes a few minutes for the system to determine whether to approve or deny your application. However, if Kabbage has trouble verifying information, the process might take four to seven business days. Kabbage might also request additional info to grant your credit line.
Once approved, you can begin requesting funds, which typically will be sent to your designated, verified bank account within three days. You will not incur any fees until you draw funds, and your repayment amount will depend on your outstanding balance.
Kabbage fully discloses all numbers, fees, application procedures, and terms of service on its website. I'm particularly fond of its help center, which answers common questions, and the loan calculator, which can help you understand Kabbage's unusual fee structure.
Before you borrow, Kabbage provides you with your loan details in a SMART Box, a standardized method of disclosing financial information that lets you easily compare offers. This box includes the total cost of capital, the APR, the average monthly payment, and the cents-on-the-dollar cost for easy comparison.
Kabbage has a wide array of self-help options in addition to several common contact methods. If you need help with your Kabbage account, these avenues are available to you:
Phone: Phone support is available Monday through Friday, 8 AM-9 PM Eastern Time.
Help Center: Find helpful information and answers to common questions in the searchable Kabbage Help Center online.
Videos: Visit Kabbage's YouTube channel for helpful videos and customer success stories.
Social Media: Kabbage is active on Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Facebook.
Kabbage previously has boasted an A+ rating with the Better Business Bureau, but that's no longer the case. Currently, the BBB website shows a decidedly less positive 3.26/5-star rating, based on an average of 587 customer reviews.
A quick glance through recent complaints shows that they're almost without exception related to COVID-era PPP loans and specifically PPP loan forgiveness. The PPP program has ended, and it's not entirely fair to judge Kabbage on one short-term and somewhat confusing special loan program. So let's take a look at some other factors.
Kabbage Funding Reviews & Complaints
Here are the most common complaints we see online from users regarding Kabbage's services:
Rejections: Unfortunately, Kabbage cannot extend credit lines to all applicants. Even if you meet the company's stated minimum requirements, you might be judged ineligible based on other information found during the application process.
Expensive Fees: With variable fees, Kabbage loans can be pricey. If you are worried about cost, I'd recommend shopping around a bit before settling on a line of credit. Check out our list of the best business lines of credit for small businesses to see some other options you might be eligible for.
Front-Loaded Fees: Kabbage has been criticized for its fee structure because you must pay the bulk of the fees in the early part of the repayment term. Although Kabbage technically doesn't have a prepayment penalty, the front-loaded fees can make it difficult to save a significant amount of money by repaying early.
Sudden Loan Limit Cut: Kabbage keeps an eye on your cash flow, so if your business is starting to slow down, Kabbage might reduce your borrowing limit or cut off your credit line entirely. If this happens, you'll still have to repay any outstanding debt.
Positive Reviews & Testimonials
Kabbage has a rating of 3.5/5 stars on Trustpilot, based on over 6,700 reviews on that website. Overall, merchants are happiest with:
Straightforward Application Process: Many customers appreciate how easy it is to apply for funding from Kabbage.
Fast Access To Cash: Customers appreciated being able to draw on their lines of credit whenever needed. And they like how quickly the funds are made available to them.
Good Customer Service: Though not all customers would agree, many say that Kabbage provides stellar customer service. In general, customers were generally pleased with the care they received from Kabbage.
Overall, Kabbage users seem to like the financial safety net provided by the line-of-credit-style structure. Once you get into the system, Kabbage capital is always there if and when you need it.
Kabbage Funding can be expensive, so we advise applicants to make sure they fully understand the cost before accepting a financing offer.
There are a lot of things to like about Kabbage Funding. Many businesses will be eligible for the service, the application process is straightforward, the capital is always accessible, and Kabbage doesn't charge extra fees. Kabbage is very transparent — you'll know everything you need before borrowing money, and you shouldn't encounter any surprises.
However, we see two factors that could limit Kabbage Funding's suitability as a small business lender. First, Kabbage's funding options are all short-term, with a maximum of 18 months. Second, the maximum loan amount is $250,000. That may not be long enough or enough money for every small business on the hunt for funding.
So if you need a lengthier term or a higher lending limit, you would be wise to shop around before settling on Kabbage (or any other lender). Start by looking at some of Kabbage's competitors or a comparison of our favorite lines of credit to find one that might suit your business needs better.
How does a Kabbage loan work?
Kabbage loans are available through an online application process. Be prepared to provide access to your bank account, credit history, monthly revenue, and more. Lending decisions can be delivered in minutes, or they may take up to seven business days. Once your funding is approved, you'll have quick access to the cash you need.
How does Kabbage determine your loan amount?
Kabbage determines each successful applicant's loan amount using an algorithm. To gain approval, you'll need a credit score of 640+, a business history of 12+ months, and business revenue of $3000/month. The information gained from scanning your bank account, repayment history, and other data channels will determine your loan amount.
What is the monthly fee for Kabbage?
Kabbage loans charge a monthly fee instead of charging interest. Each month, you will pay an equal portion of your loan amount (1/6, 1/12, or 1/18 of the loan, depending on your term length) plus a fee somewhere between 0.25% and 3.5% of the original loan total. After a set period (two months on a six-month loan, six months on a 12-month loan, or nine months on an 18-month loan), your fee will be 1% of the principal.
How long does Kabbage Funding take to fund?
In most cases, business loan applications will be approved within a few minutes, though some lending decisions may take as long as four to seven business days. Once your loan is approved, you can request funding right away, and funds typically will be sent to your designated business account within three days.
Is Kabbage Funding PPP loans?
Kabbage processed approximately $7 billion in Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans, serving about 300,000 small businesses. The PPP program ended on May 31, 2021. Some borrowers may still be able to apply for PPP loan forgiveness.
Is Kabbage a legit company?
Kabbage is a legitimate company offering small business financing, banking services, and more. Kabbage loans are backed by Celtic Bank and banking services by Green Dot Bank, both FDIC-insured institutions.
Is the Kabbage line of credit good?
While Kabbage has a high APR, the Kabbage line of credit is easy to apply for and utilize, and it is one of the best line of credit options out there for small businesses.
Does Kabbage offer SBA loans?
Kabbage is a preferred SBA lender, partnering with the Small Business Association to provide loans to consumers. Each SBA lender has its own process and forms used to determine loan eligibility. However, Kabbage is not currently offering new loans. You can join a waitlist through the company's website.
An expert in business banking, consumer finance, and online payments, Kate Hoots has been writing about small business commerce since 2020. A former journalist for the West Linn Tidings and the Wilsonville Spokesman, Kate boasts wide experience in business leadership and communication. She has a degree in English Literature from Lewis & Clark College.
@KateHoots
View Kate Hoots's professional experience on LinkedIn.
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After hours of in-depth research and evaluation, we can confidently recommend this brand to our readers. Get started today and see Kabbage Loans for yourself.
K Servicing (Accessed 03/14/2022) — Better Business Bureau
Kabbage (Accessed 03/14/2022) — Sitejabber
Kabbage (Accessed 03/14/2022) — Trustpilot
Kabbage (Accessed 03/14/2022) — Consumer Affairs
To learn more about how we score our reviews, see our Business Loan Rating Criteria.
We Recommend Kabbage Loans
After an in-depth review process, our experts gave Kabbage Loans a 4-star rating.
The 10 Best Small Business Loans & How To Choose The Right One
Jan 4, 2022 Filed under: Business Loans, Small Business
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Get Started With A Top Pick! 🏆 Kabbage Loans gets our expert seal of approval. Our team of experts spends hours on every review so that we can find the best companies to recommend to our readers. Kabbage Loans made the cut. Learn More See what this company has to offer.


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All editions are beautifully designed and are printed to superior specifications; some include illustrations of historical interest. Barnes & Noble Classics pulls together a constellation of influences—biographical, historical, and literary—to enrich each readers understanding of these enduring works.
George Eliot's last, most ambitious novel, Daniel Deronda aroused scandal when it first appeared in 1876. What begins as a passionate love story takes a surprising turn into the hidden world of the early Zionist movement in Victorian England.
The story opens memorably at a roulette table, where we first meet the young and idealistic Daniel Deronda and the enchanting Gwendolen Harleth—whom many critics consider to be George Eliot's finest creation. Although the two are immediately drawn to one another, Gwendolen—outwardly alluring and vivacious, inwardly complex and unsettled—is forced by circumstance into an oppressive marriage with the harsh aristocratic Henleigh Grandcourt.
Deeply unhappy, she turns for friendship to Daniel, only to discover his involvement with Mirah Lapidoth, a talented young Jewish woman. Torn between his devotion to Gwendolen and his passion for Mirah and the plight of her people, Daniel is forced to look at his own mysterious past and find out who he really is—and who he wants to become.
Earl L. Dachslager is Professor Emeritus of English at the University of Houston and an adjunct professor in the University's Distant Education Program. He received his Ph.D. in English from the University of Maryland. He reviews books regularly for the Houston Chronicle.
Press button "GET DOWNLOAD LINKS" and wait 20 seconds. This time is necessary for searching and sorting links. One button - 15 links for downloading the book "Daniel Deronda (Barnes & Noble Classics Series)" in all e-book formats!
Of course not. Best of all, if after reading an e-book, you buy a paper version of Daniel Deronda (Barnes & Noble Classics Series). Read the book on paper - it is quite a powerful experience.


Join us Tuesday, September 4, for lunch and discussion on the mission and work of Northern Nevada League of Women Voters.
We will hear from Jan Browne, the current President of Northern Nevada League of Women Voters, about the 98-year-old organization formed from the nucleus of women suffragist leaders who had just obtained the right to vote. Their primary mission is to protect voter rights, educate voters, and encourage them to vote.
Please join us and Jan for some amazing food and stimulating conversation on Tuesday, September 4!


You might think that waterproof flooring is only necessary for a select few homeowners. For instance, those that would be most likely to benefits from this floor covering, are those who live inflood-prone areas. While that is certainly true, it's also a fact that any homeowner is making a wise decision by considering this material.
Halifax Flooring knows that your floors should last as long as possible. It's not a venture to be taken lightly, and definitely not one you'll want to have to make again in a few year's time. That's why we think this particular flooring will work well in just about any home. We invite you to visit us at our showroom in Orem, UT to further discuss the details, and to see samples of this flooring in person. We service the areas of Orem, Provo, Lehi, Park City, Herriman, and Highland and we would love the opportunity to serve you as well.
Simply stated, waterproof flooring is a floor covering that is completely impervious to water and the damage that goes along with it. This is accomplished by the fact that none of the materials used to construct this flooring are made of wood or wood products. In fact, a term you might hear a lot in this niche is "WPC" which stands for wood plastic composite. The materials used to make this create an excellent barrier against moisture, humidity, spills and even standing water.
This goes far above the expectations of a flooring that is considered water resistant. In that case, the flooring can withstand spills for about 24 hours. After that, however, the floor can soak up the liquid and take on damage, if the spill is big enough. Over time, with water resistance, even a series of small spills can lead to big problems.
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Let's assume you have just installed new flooring and then left for a much-anticipated vacation. However, after you leave, you have a water pipe that bursts, flooding one or more rooms with excessive amounts of water. Any other flooring would be devastated by the time you get back home. This one, however, would only need to be taken up, dried off, and then put right back down.


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Q: Page explaining how to add social bookmarking buttons for one's web pages I maintain a homepage where I want to place the so-called social bookmarking buttons/icons for people to share the pages on such resources as Digg, Reddit, Delicious, Stumble Upon, etc. I've formerly used the AddThis button, but then it started sucking, so I switched to ShareThis which was better. However, now ShareThis have added a dependency on Google Analytics for their JavaScript code, which I do not want and which they said that "At this time, there is no way to disable our widget from accessing Google Analytics.".
So right now I'd like to set up my own links of "Share this site" using social bookmarking sites at the raw HTML. I found this page with links to lots of graphics for this but it doesn't explain how to add the relevant mark-up.
So I'm asking here. Any insights would be appreciated.

A: I use this, not sure if that helps you, can change the images and replace the feed with your own. Find more "subscribe links" and "bookmark links" like it.

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