text:
Q: How can I split comma separated values into multiple rows? I'm trying to split multiple comma-separated values into rows.
I have achieved it in a small number of columns with comma-separated values (with awk), but in my real table, I have to do it in 80 columns. So, I'm looking for a way to iterate.
An example of input that I need to split:
CHROM  POS REF  ALT   GT_00  C_00  D_OO  E_00 F_00  GT_11
 chr1  10   T    A     2,2   1,1   0,1   1,2   1,0   2
 chr1  10   T    G     3      2     1     2     0    0

The expected output:
chr1  10    T    A     2      1     0     1     1   2
chr1  10    T    A     2      1     1     2     0   2
chr1  10    T    G     3      2     1     2     0   0

I have done it with the following code:
 awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="\t"}
  {
    j=split($5,a,",");split($6,b,",");
    split($7,c,",");split($8,d,",");split($9,e,",");
    for(i=1;i<=j;++i)
    {
      $5=a[i];$6=b[i];$7=c[i];$8=d[i];$9=e[i];print
    }}'

But, as I have said before, there are 80 columns (or more) with comma-separated values in my real data.
Is there a way to it using iteration?
Note: I need to do it in bash (not MySQL, SQL, python...)

A: This awk may do:
file:
chr1    10      T       A       2,2     1,1     0,1     1,2     1,0     2
chr1    10      T       G       3       2       1       2       0       0
chr1    10      T       C       5       1,2,3   4,2,1   7       1,8,3   3
chr1    10      T       D       1,2,3,5 4,2,1,8 1,8,3,2 3       5       7

Solution:
awk '{
    n=0;
    for(i=5;i<=NF;i++) {
        t=split($i,a,",");if(t>n) n=t};
    for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
        printf "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s",$1,$2,$3,$4;
        for(i=5;i<=NF;i++) {
            split($i,a,",");printf "\t%s",(a[j]?a[j]:a[1])
            };
        print ""
        }
    }' file
chr1    10      T       A       2       1       0       1       1       2
chr1    10      T       A       2       1       1       2       1       2
chr1    10      T       G       3       2       1       2       0       0
chr1    10      T       C       5       1       4       7       1       3
chr1    10      T       C       5       2       2       7       8       3
chr1    10      T       C       5       3       1       7       3       3
chr1    10      T       D       1       4       1       3       5       7
chr1    10      T       D       2       2       8       3       5       7
chr1    10      T       D       3       1       3       3       5       7
chr1    10      T       D       5       8       2       3       5       7

Your test input gives:
chr1    10      T       A       2       1       0       1       1       2
chr1    10      T       A       2       1       1       2       1       2
chr1    10      T       G       3       2       1       2       0       0

It does not mater if comma separated values are consecutive, as long as you do not mix 2 or 3 comma on the same line.

A: Here is another awk. In contrast to the previous solutions where we split fields into arrays, we attack the problem differently using substitutions. There is no field iterating going on:
awk '
BEGIN { OFS="\t" }
     { $1=$1;t=$0; }
     { while(index($0,",")) {
         gsub(/,[[:alnum:],]*/,""); print;
         $0=t; gsub(OFS "[[:alnum:]]*,",OFS); t=$0;
       }
       print t
     }' file

how does it work:
The idea is based on 2 types of substitutions:

*

*gsub(/,[[:alnum:],]*/,""): this removes all substrings made from alphanumeric characters and commas that start with a comma:  1,2,3,4 -> 1. This does not change fields that have no comma.

*gsub(OFS "[[:alnum:]]*,",OFS): this removes alphanumeric characters followed by a single comma and are in the beginning of the field: 1,2,3,4 -> 2,3,4
So using these two substitutions, we iterate until no comma is left. See How can you tell which characters are in which character classes? on details for [[:alnum:]]
input:
chr1    10      T       A       2,2     1,1     0,1     1,2     1,0     2
chr1    10      T       G       3       2       1       2       0       0
chr1    10      T       C       5       1,2,3   4,2,1   7       1,8,3   3
chr1    10      T       D       1,2,3,5 4,2,1,8 1,8,3,2 3       5       7

output:
chr1    10  T   A   2   1   0   1   1   2
chr1    10  T   A   2   1   1   2   0   2
chr1    10  T   G   3   2   1   2   0   0
chr1    10  T   C   5   1   4   7   1   3
chr1    10  T   C   5   2   2   7   8   3
chr1    10  T   C   5   3   1   7   3   3
chr1    10  T   D   1   4   1   3   5   7
chr1    10  T   D   2   2   8   3   5   7
chr1    10  T   D   3   1   3   3   5   7
chr1    10  T   D   5   8   2   3   5   7


A business continuity plan facilitates in improving the availability of organization's critical services. In the process, the BCP plan identifies and mandates such critical processes and also periodically assesses the quantitative and qualitative impact to the organization in the event of any disruption to such services. While Business Continuity Plan is proactive in managing the risk of business disruption, Business Resumption Plan and Disaster Recovery Plan are reactive in restoring the business to its working state as it deals with recovering or resuming the business services and assets following a disruption. BCP planning is a direct input to the business's D/R action plans.
Business Continuity Management and disaster recovery are natural components of Enterprise Risk Management. All the resources and plans that make up a business continuity plan are developed to address business interruption risk in an organization and should be part of a comprehensive mitigation plan for all the enterprise risks. Many organizations are beginning to recognize the opportunity they have from embedding or incorporating BCM into an overall program to identify, evaluate and mitigate risk. By viewing BCM as a risk management function and embedding it into the enterprise level ERM program, which has been aligned with the strategic imperatives of the company, boardroom expectations are met and alignment achieved.
To identify critical business processes and assign criticality. Factors influencing the determination of criticality include inter-dependencies among business processes and the MAD for each unique business process.
To estimate the maximum downtime the bank can tolerate while still maintaining viability. Bank management must determine the longest period of time a business process can be disrupted before recovery becomes impossible or moot.
The first step in developing a strong, organization-wide business continuity plan is conducting a Business Impact Analysis. The result of BIA is a business impact analysis report, which describes the potential risks specific to the organization. The challenge lies in assessing the financial and other business risks associated with a service disruption. A BIA report quantifies the importance of business components and suggests appropriate plan and fund allocation for measures to protect them.
As with any plan, the Business Continuity Planning should also evolve on a continuous basis, as the business contexts keep changing in line with the growth and changing directions. Business Impact Analysis being an important phase of the BCM life-cycle, the same should be revisited and refreshed in line with the BCM life cycle. As a process, the BIA shall be performed with respect to each critical activity or even resources forming part of the enterprise business processes. Though BIA is applied to critical activities, it is recommended to perform BIA on all activities as it is BIA that establishes the criticality of such activity, process or resource.
Preparation and Set-up - It is important to identify the tools or templates required to perform BIA. For instance, a reference table to determine the business impact is essential to provide consistent definitions to different types of impacts and severity levels. If a structured risk assessment has already been carried out, the definitions and severity levels should already have been captured, and should be used for the BIA as well.
Identification - This first step determines the activities to be performed, resources to be used to deliver the goods and services of the business organization. The source for gathering this information could be right from the mission & objectives of the enterprise to the defined business processes. Given that the BIA is performed on the identified activities and resources, this step however can be considered as a pre-requisite for BIA, rather than a step within BIA.
Identify potential disruptions - With respect to each identified activity or resource, identify the possible events or scenarios that could impact its desired outcome and thereby impacting the business process. This activity is usually best done using techniques like brain storming involving the relevant business users. As part of this step the correlation of the severity of the impact with the duration of disruption is also established.
Identify tangible losses - Disruption in certain activities or non availability of certain resources would directly result in monetary losses. If the given activity or resource or it in combination with other resources or activities could potentially cause revenue loss, the same should be identified and established as to the magnitude of such loss as well.
Quantify intangible losses - Certain activities, when disrupted may not directly result into monetary losses, but may result in intangible loss to the organization. For instance, non availability of customer care executives to respond to customer queries, could result in erosion of brand value. Such impacts should be quantified using appropriate techniques so that the same can be considered in determining the priority.
Recovery cost - As part of the impact analysis it would make sense to capture details of time and efforts it takes to resume or recover from the disruption. The magnitude of the recovery cost would also contribute to the determination of the prioritization or ranking.
Identify dependencies - Some times, the potential disruption or its impact depends on certain other activities or resources be it internal or external. This details will be useful in drawing up the business resumption plan and the disaster recovery plan.
Ranking - Once all relevant information has been collected and assembled, rankings for the critical business services or resources can be produced. Ranking is based on the potential loss of revenue, time of recovery and severity of impact a disruption would cause. Minimum service levels and maximum allowable downtime are also established.
Prioritize critical services or products - Once the critical services or products are identified, they must be prioritized based on minimum acceptable delivery levels and the maximum period of time the service can be down before severe damage to the organization results. To determine the ranking of critical services, information is required to determine impact of a disruption to service delivery, loss of revenue, additional expenses and intangible losses.
The quality of the BIA is reflected in the reports that are produced after completing the above mentioned steps. Given that BIA is a critical phase of BCM, it is important that this activity is performed with as much care and attention to the details. Using the right set of tools, techniques, templates and questionaire is recommended for best results.
IT governance is a process which include a set of controls and practices that ensures that the IT function is working on the right things at the right time in the right way with a view to accomplish the stated objectives and thereby contributing towards the meeting enterprise objectives and goals. Any process that aligns IT to business goals is the right strategy. However, it's the change required and the compromises on the part of business leaders that can come in way to make it a not so easy program.
The IT Governance Initiative must be decomposed into manageable and accountable work packages and deliverables and assigned to owners for planning, development, execution and continuous improvement. The IT Governance program must have clearly defined roles, responsibilities and decision rights for the entire program and for each major component of the integrated IT Governance framework and road map.
A decisions rights matrix identifying decision influencers and decision makers is necessary to clarify decision roles and authority levels for the major IT Governance components.
Processes form an integral part of the IT Governance program and as the IT Governance framework is made of such processes and controls, which shall be defined. It is also important these processes evolve over its usage based on feedback collected through various metrics. At the same time, processes should not only be simple enough to understand and implement but also flexible enough to provide room for improvement. People tend to ignore processes, if it is difficult to understand and practice as part of their day to day work. Thus the integrated framework approach works best.
Most business components rely on Technology for most aspect of their value, reliability or efficiency. Even choice of right technology plays a key role in making up the first two pillars. Given that technology evolves in an accelerated rate, there should be a clear watch on such advancements and the technology road map should provide for identification and adoption of the right technology at the right time to get the maximum value. Most organizations have recognized and accordingly have started managing this area well.
Instituting effective IT governance requires dealing with the "c-word." The culture of a company—"the way we do things here"—can be a tremendous driver for business success. It can also be—and often is—a giant resistor that dampens positive change. Immeasurable amounts of energy have been dissipated trying to change embedded habits and methods that hid behind the cloak of "culture." Today, worldwide, the trend is toward collaborative culture, especially in the sharing of information. The attitude that "information is power" lingers in some dark company corners. In some disciplines, such as sales, where compensation is directly related to personal contacts and initiative, it is arguable that the status quo has value. In most cases, though, managements are trying to rid the company of these attitudes in order to unlock the power of teamwork leveraged by technology. IT governance requires teamwork and information sharing to succeed.
Communication is really at the heart of IT governance and the lack of appropriate communications can cause a major disconnect between IT executives and business executives. IT still continues to communicate in more technology terms, which is just not relevant to the business and they just don't understand it. So good communications is extraordinarily important so that everybody is on the same page and that the business and IT become very closely engaged. Again -- we're making strategic decisions on where we're going to invest in technology and those are really business decisions, not technology decisions. That way, lack of communication can easily derail the IT Governance program of an organization.
CIOs must be willing to take the lead in the search for value-creating IT processes. If they are not, others—real experts—are glad to do so, in language that resonates with CEOs. For instance, if you take the Project and Porfolio Governance the 'Fail Fast' or 'Fail First' approach may be helpful. If the processes are designed around this approach, we could see that the IT programs and functions get evaluated at various stages by analyzing the collected metrics to see if it would still make sense to let the project, or program to move into the next stage. At every stage there using the metrics, a revisit to the project charter and the business objectives would ensure that the desired value out of such project or program is still the same.
Change is happening everywhere and that too at an accelerated rate not only in IT but also in many other functional areas, though the same is very high in the area of IT. Business users are encouraged to innovate in every possible area and that brings in more and more transformation projects, an important category of projects in the enterprise program and portfolio management. Many a times these transformation projects are time critical, which if not implemented on time will use the market advantage. On the same lines, technology adoption is becoming a key aspect for the success of the businesses and the predicting, tracking and embracing the upcoming disruptive technologies has become an important business and strategic risk as it can have wider impact across business strategies, capabilities and processes.
Enterprise Architecture function has equal responsibility in ensuring these changes are embraced with least impact. While running the business as it is an important aspect, enabling transformation of business capabilities and information management capabilities is another key goal for the Enterprise Architects. One of the key elements that Enterprise Architects should consider and address is complexity around business and IT Architecture management so that transformation projects get implemented at desired time schedules and thus reap the intended business benefits. While there are other key objectives like delivering stakeholder value, managing complexity is an objective that comes close to being Agile.
It is a well established and understood fact that it's the people who build success in the enterprise, and the tools and processes are just enablers. With people being the greatest asset, the organizational culture plays an important role in motivating the employees to collaborate, innovate and deliver the results more effectively and efficiently. Build the EA team in such a way that it has representation or interface with the Top Management, Business & IT Owners, Business & IT Operations teams and the Project Teams driving the change within. Choose and deploy the right set of tools, technology and processes that facilitates the collaboration with different business and IT functions.
The EAM team shall aim for sustainable evolution, with a pace as is driven by business and IT users; Help the project teams to avoid panics, and discourage culture clashes; Understand that everyone has their own area of expertise and thus can add value to the project or program.
Avoid waste - Share information that is relevant and nothing more and nothing less.
Leverage the existing process to generate and deliver these inputs as against a whole set of EA specific processes.
Promote rapid feedback, by working jointly on models and architecture blue prints with other people and functions. Remember that the best way of conveying information is by a face-to-face conversation, supported by other materials. Shared development of a model, at a whiteboard, will generate excellent feedback and buy-in. Work as closely as possible with all the stakeholders, including your customers and other partners.
The effect of a change in the end reflects on the behavior of individuals, tools, and functions. The EAM function shall atempt to understand the likely directions and behavior of such changes using techniques such as scenario analysis and change cases. This will help the EAM function to determine how best to embrace the change in terms of timing, approach and methodology. This is where a pattern based approach in developing the EAM function would facilitate change adoption with much ease and least impact.
EAM should manage and plan for the changes and shall never resist a change. It may not always be easy in embracing changes, but a well thought out EAM evolution lifecycle would certainly make it simpler. It is always possible that one big change can be broken into various blocks and can be taken one at a time, depending on the time, efforts and business priorities.
Here are some of the useful references for further reading on the Agility and the Enterprise Architecture Management.


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
De napoleontische tijd betreft de periode waarin Napoleon Bonaparte in Frankrijk aan de macht was, te weten de jaren vanaf 1799 toen hij de macht greep tot aan zijn uiteindelijke nederlaag in de Slag bij Waterloo in 1815.
In het politiek-militaire leven van Napoleon zijn drie periodes te onderscheiden.

Voorgeschiedenis: 1795-1798
In 1795 onderdrukt Napoleon Bonaparte als jong generaal een opstand van de royalisten.
In 1796 gaat Napoleon in opdracht van het Directoire op veldtocht naar Italië waar hij de onafhankelijke stadsstaatjes tot Franse zusterrepublieken maakt. Napoleon behoedt het Directoire tegen opstand. Het blijkt echter een corrupt systeem te zijn dat weinig doet om de financiële problemen het hoofd te bieden.
In 1797 blijkt na de verkiezingen dat de positie van de royalisten versterkt is. Op 5 september van dat jaar voert het leger een zuivering uit in het parlement, waarin de royalisten naar huis worden gestuurd.
In het jaar 1798 gaat Napoleon op veldtocht naar Egypte om controle te verwerven over de Rode Zee en zo een perspectief te creëren om Brits-Indië op termijn te veroveren. De veldtocht faalt, omdat Napoleon vanwege problemen in Frankrijk terug moet naar Frankrijk.

Eerste consul: 1799-1804
Na afloop van deze veldtocht in 1799 laat Napoleon zich als een overwinnaar binnenhalen. Zijn populariteit stijgt. Op 9 november (18 Brumaire) pleegt hij een staatsgreep en roept zichzelf uit tot eerste consul (in een triumviraat met Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès en Pierre-Roger Ducos, die niets te zeggen hebben). Hij wordt feitelijk de dictator van Frankrijk. De periode van het Consulaat wordt een relatief stabiele periode, die vooral gekenmerkt wordt op de zich bestendiging van de heerschappij van Frankrijk over Europa. De Franse Revolutie wordt geacht hiermee ten einde te zijn gebracht.

Napoleon consolideert zijn macht door het invoeren van een autoritair staatsbestel dat werkt met prefecten, en beëindigt daarmee de labiele situatie die door interne twisten werd veroorzaakt. Napoleon laat de beginselen van de revolutie vaststellen in de Code Napoleon.

Met deze relatieve interne rust richtte Napoleon zich volledig op het buitenland. In 1800 stak hij de Grote Sint-Bernhardpas over en versloeg de Oostenrijkers bij Marengo, zodat hij Noord-Italië heroverde. In 1801 tekenden de Oostenrijkers na hun verpletterende nederlaag bij Hohenlinden de Vrede van Lunéville op 9 februari, en werd de Rijn als grens van Frankrijk erkend.

Ook de religieuze twist werd opgeklaard. Napoleon sloot met paus Pius VII het Concordaat van 15 juli 1801.

Deze pacificatie en consolidatie van zijn macht werd op 2 augustus 1802 bevestigd door een plebisciet, waarbij Napoleon tot consul voor het leven werd benoemd, mét erfopvolging. De dictatuur was nu compleet.

Keizer: 1804-1815
De benoeming tot keizer van Napoleon op 18 mei 1804 door de Senaat was nu nog maar een kleine stap. Hij werd tot keizer gekroond op 2 december 1804 en zo ontstond het Eerste Franse Keizerrijk.

Engeland nam echter de wapens op, en smeedde een monsterverbond van Groot-Brittannië zelf, Rusland, Zweden en Oostenrijk. Admiraal Nelson vernietigde de Franse vloot bij Trafalgar in 1805, waarop Napoleon enkel kon reageren door Groot-Brittannië economisch onschadelijk te maken door een boycot, het zogenaamde Continentaal Stelsel. Daartoe stichtte hij een reeks satellietstaten met familie van hem als vorsten, bijvoorbeeld het koninkrijk Holland met zijn broer Lodewijk. Uit protest tegen de Rijnbond die ook een gevolg was van dit stelsel, sloot Pruisen zich aan bij het monsterverbond tegen Frankrijk.

Napoleon stond niet stil, en versloeg op 2 december 1805 Oostenrijk en Rusland bij de Slag bij Austerlitz. De hierop volgende Vrede van Tilsit betekende het hoogtepunt van Napoleons macht.

Oostenrijk nam in 1809 revanche in Aspern. Dit betekende een aantasting van het aura van onoverwinnelijkheid van Frankrijk. Rusland hield zich niet meer aan de bepalingen van het Continentaal Stelsel en Napoleon organiseerde een strafexpeditie in 1812 met 600.000 man, tegenover 200.000 Russische soldaten. Door het strenge Russische klimaat en acties van partizanen gehalveerd, trok dit Grande Armée Moskou binnen, dat volgens de tactiek van de verschroeide aarde in brand werd gestoken. Terneergeslagen en zonder overwinning te hebben kunnen afdwingen verlaat Napoleon Moskou en komt met slechts 20 000 man terug.

Het hek was nu helemaal van de dam. Zweden, Pruisen en Rusland vormden een verbond. De Fransen versloegen dit verbond wel bij Lützen en Bautzen in mei 1813, maar Beieren en Oostenrijk keerden zich nu ook definitief tegen Frankrijk. Napoleon werd verslagen bij Leipzig, terwijl Arthur Wellesley, de hertog van Wellington, de Fransen in het zuiden aanviel. Napoleon weigerde de vrede, en heel Europa keerde zich tegen hem.

Parijs werd bezet op 31 maart 1814 en de Senaat verklaarde hem vervallen van de troon op 5 april. Napoleon werd verbannen naar Elba. De mogendheden begonnen nu te beslissen over de naoorlogse toekomst van Europa bij het Congres van Wenen.

Maar Napoleon ontsnapte van Elba en landde in Golfe Juan op 1 maart 1815, verzamelde een leger en trok naar Parijs, waar hij feestelijk onthaald werd op 20 maart. Uiteindelijk werd Napoleon definitief verslagen bij Waterloo op 18 juni 1815 waarna hij verbannen werd naar Sint-Helena.

Napoleontische tijd in Europa
Napoleon bracht ingrijpende wijzigingen tot stand in Europa. Rond Frankrijk schiep hij een reeks vazalstaten, zoals de koninkrijken Holland, Westfalen en Beieren. Ook in Italië en Spanje vestigde hij onderhorige regimes.

De oprichting van de Rijnbond van een aantal Duitse staten onder bescherming van Napoleon leidde tot de ontbinding na duizend jaar van het Heilige Roomse Rijk. Deze veranderingen van de Europese landkaart werden door het Congres van Wenen slechts gedeeltelijk teruggedraaid.

Zie ook
 Napoleontische tijd van A tot Z
 Napoleontische oorlogen
 Franse tijd in België
 Franse tijd in Nederland

Externe link
 www.nanweb.org, Napoleontische Associatie der Nederlanden

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Brandie Akos
Youth & Young Adult Ministry Coordinator
bakosbtccorl.org
What is Grotto Network?
Sarah Yaklic, Grotto: Grotto Network is a New Evangelization effort which seeks to assist young adults with navigating life, making an impact, and flourishing in communities of faith. The network features inspiring videos, written material, and graphics, and will be available through the social media platforms most used by young adults.
It is our goal to reach those young adult Catholics who are not presently active in parish life. In striving to reach this audience, Grotto Network will share compelling stories of grace, healing, hope, and human experience, seeking to help young people encounter the beauty and truth of the Gospel and to invite them back into fuller participation in the life of the Church.
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Okay when the hype of a new tool is gone, and the dust has settled… here is a review of an older Akeda dovetail jig. This may be a moot point, but hey you might find one on ebay.
I have used four different types of dovetail jigs including Porter Cable, Leigh, and an off-brand jig. I felt comfortable with making dovetails, so flipping through the manual was not a big deal. Put the clamp in the correct position, snap in the guide fingers and dust chute and you are ready to rout.
The first thing I noticed about the Akeda is that it is robust and well constructed. Weighing in around 28 lbs, it really has some mass to it, which is a good thing. The clamping system is truly world-class. I could not believe how easy to use, and how sturdy the clamping system is. The manual states you can use the jig as a vise around your shop, and you know what… you could, it is that strong. I have never had one board slip even slightly, and I don't crank the handle down very tight. On most of the other jigs you really have to apply some pressure or the workpiece will occasionally slip. In fact the Akeda is the only jig I feel comfortable re-cutting a workpiece twice if needed. The side stops register the board firmly in position. For me, this really helped with the accuracy of my dovetail joints.
I get the feeling that the DC on some dovetail jigs is an afterthought. On the Akeda there is built-in dust collection that really works. I could dovetail in a suit and tie, and no one would be the wiser. There are no DC accessories to attach directly to the router. Instead the dust collector hose attaches to the jig itself. I tried a shop vac and a single stage dust collector. They both worked well, but I use the DC because it is quieter.
As you may know the Akeda jig supports the router front and back. The box-like design gives you ideal support, and a "parking garage" for the router to spin down between cuts. You simply slide the router off to the right side of the jig and let it power-down. Unique to the Akeda is that the router doesn't actually rest on top of the guide fingers. Instead it rides on the rails of the jig, perhaps 1/16" above the guide fingers. Why does that matter? Well you need a perfectly flat surface to slide the router across. Individual guide fingers are often not in one plane, and any imperfections here would translate to the dovetail joint. My Leigh Superjig fingers are often misaligned by 1/16", despite carefully holding them down and tightening them individually. I don't want to start a brand war, but rather I'm just passing along some of my personal frustrations with the other jigs I have.
There are three types of guide fingers. 1. Through pin guides in various angles, 2. Tail guides, and 3. HB pin guides. Through dovetails are amazingly simple to cut. To set bit depth: I look through the window and lower my bit until it reaches just below a board clamped in the horizontal clamp. I use two routers, one with the standard straight bit and one with the dovetail bit. Through dovetails I can get right on the first time, without any test boards. There are 7, 9, 11, 14, and 20 degree dovetail bits. I think I like the looks of the 7 degree best.
Half blind dovetails require the typical test cuts for exact bit depth, but the manual will get you close.
The guide fingers snap in and out easily, without any tools.
Not only were there no gaps in my dovetail joints, they slid together with the perfect amount of hand pressure. I don't need a mallet to assemble the joints, yet they stay together from light friction. The final tipping point that made me choose the Akeda was Todd C's video. That is exactly how all my joints fit. http://lumberjocks.com/reviews/831 The video is in the second comment following the review.
There is no fore-aft adjustment of the jig. Just put straight & square lumber in the jig, and get perfect dovetails out. If you have ever spent an afternoon tuning a standard dovetail jig, you realize what an engineering feat this jig truly represents.
This is one area strangely lacking in most reviews… how does the joint look? The look of Akeda dovetails will be slightly more slender than most jigs. This is because of the multiple dovetail angles you can choose from. Seven degree for 3/4" stock, 9 degree for 5/8" stock etc. all the way down to a 20 degree bit for 1/4" stock. The narrow end of the pin will be about 1/4" wide if you size your stock correctly. The Akeda joints look less bulky and more attractive than the joints I have made on my other jigs.
This tool is a slam dunk. If you can find one, please do yourself a favor and purchase it.
Good review Willie. Thanks for taking the time to post it.
I contacted the 'maunfacturer/owner/whoever is running the website' to try and get a hint of when it might go back into production. No real info. They are still maintaining a reservation list (that I've been on for years). I needed a jig, so I moved my name to the 24" jig and picked up something else.
Thx for the info, have been looking around for one. I just got the Incra I-box in the mail yesterday and look fwd to playing with that.
I have one and agree with all of your points. I even bought an extra set of bits several years ago when it looked like they might go under. Now I do mostly hand dovetails but I won't be parting with this jig. When it comes time to do a set of kitchen cabinets again, I'll be ready.
My understanding is that Akeda had to stop selling this jig in the US market because the designer/inventor was an industrial designer who did contract design work for the Leigh jig, and was sued for contract violation when he later designed and promoted the Akeda… Then the plant that made the Akeda had a fire and couldn't produce product.
The jig is still available in the EU through Trend (no reference to the Akeda name), but this is a metric model. When I inquired, Trend couldn't sell them in the US, but they do sell them in Canada and the Canadian distributor for Trend will ship to a US address.
As you can see, I really wanted an Akeda jig a couple years back, and did quite a bit of research.
It's a great looking jig and the few people that have them seem to rave about how great they are, but in the end, the price through Trend is very high and was too rich for my blood.
Excellent review. I have one that I bought several years ago and agree with all your points. i especially like that you can variably space the pins and the angles are such that, while these will never be mistaken for hand-cut, don't look like they came off an assembly line either. Most recently I've been working on cutting DTs by hand but like Shipwright, I'm planning to hold on to the Akeda in the event i have a bunch of them I need to cut.


A yellow face with small, open eyes, a slight frown, and furrowed eyebrows, from which a single bead of sweat drips, as if from concern or anxiety. Also known as Disappointed but Relieved Face, suggesting the smiley is upset but is grateful things didn't turn out worse.
Commonly conveys mild degrees of frustration and sadness. Not to be confused with 😢 Crying Face, 😪 Sleepy Face, or other emojis with tear or sweat droplets.
Sad but Relieved Face was approved as part of Unicode 6.0 in 2010 under the name "Disappointed but Relieved Face" and added to Emoji 1.0 in 2015.


text:
Tag: The Group
The Breakfast Club (Bon Voyage, L'Hermione)
By TMC in News
Welcome to The Breakfast Club! We're a disorganized group of rebel lefties who hang out and chat if and when we're not too hungover we've been bailed out we're not too exhausted from last night's (CENSORED) the caffeine kicks in. Join us every weekday morning at 9am (ET) and weekend morning at 10:30am (ET) to talk about current news and our boring lives and to make fun of LaEscapee! If we are ever running late, it's PhilJD's fault.
TWA Flight 800 explodes; Russia's royal family executed; Disneyland opens; Nicaragua's Somoza goes into exile; Apollo and Soyuz link up in space; Baseball's Ty Cobb and jazz great John Coltrane die.
Breakfast Tunes
Twenty years from now, you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do than those you did. So throw off the bowlines. Sail away from safe harbor. Catch the wind in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover.
breakfast club, Open Thread, The Group, TMC News
The Breakfast Club (Seeing Things I May Never See Again)
President Richard Nixon announces his breakthrough trip to China; Fashion designer Gianni Versace slain; Aerospace giant Boeing founded; Dutch painter Rembrandt born.
The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page.
The Breakfast Club (This Land)
Bastille prison stormed during the French Revolution; Outlaw 'Billy the Kid' gunned down; Richard Speck murders student nurses in Chicago; Mariner 4 probe flies by Mars; Folk singer Woody Guthrie born.
Any fool can make something complicated. It takes a genius to make it simple.
Woody Guthrie
The Breakfast Club (Nothing Really Matters)
Live Aid concerts held in London and Philadelphia; A French revolutionary is stabbed in his bath; Civil War draft riots erupt in New York; A power blackout hits the Big Apple; Actor Harrison Ford born.
I ask this in all seriousness — what in the zipless fck is wrong with our species? People, here's some tips on fireworks. Do not light them off your head. Do not light them off your chest. And, when you light one, throw the damn thing as far as you can! These things explode. You're aware of that, right? Oh, and when the sign says beware of the alligator, please, you know, do your very best to beware of the damn alligator. This has been a terrible week for Charles Darwin.
Charles Pierce
The Breakfast Club (Color Me)
The Civil War Battle of Gettysburg begins; The first nuclear weapons test in peacetime; TR's assault on San Juan Hill; Britain's Princess Diana born; Hong Kong returned to China; Actor Marlon Brando dies.
If there is no struggle, there is no progress.
The Breakfast Club (Weird)
President John F. Kennedy rallies West Berlin during the Cold War; The U.N. Charter signed; Scientists complete first rough map of the human genetic code; Charlie Chaplin's 'The Gold Rush' premieres.
I used to think that anyone doing anything weird was weird. I suddenly realized that anyone doing anything weird wasn't weird at all and it was the people saying they were weird that were weird.
The Breakfast Club (Traveling)
Sen. Robert F. Kennedy assassinated in Los Angeles; The Six-Day War erupts in the Mideast; Birth of the Marshall Plan; First reported AIDS cases in the U.S.; Former President Ronald Reagan dies.
Wherever you go, go with all your heart.
The Breakfast Club (TGIF)
labama Gov. George Wallace shot on presidential campaign trail; Newly-founded Israel attacked by Arab neighbors; The U.S. Supreme Court breaks up Standard Oil.; Country singer June Carter Cash dies.
Contrary to what people say, there's no upper limit to stupidity.
Eight US servicemen killed in Iran; Easter Rising begins in Ireland; Ottoman empire begins mass deportation of Armenians; Leftist students hold weeklong occupation at Columbia University; Barbara Streisand born.
A democracy is a volcano which conceals the fiery materials of its own destruction. These will produce an eruption and carry desolation in their way.
Fisher Ames
The Breakfast Club (Earth Day)
Richard Nixon dies, Elian Gonzalez seized by federal agents, Oklahoma land rush begins.
Zombie Lies – Environmental Edition
ou know what, why am I getting excited and bothering? This was never about facts to begin with. But what is new, is that it's not even about pandering to voters any more. Even half of Republicans now want this issue dealt with.
Well good luck, because the zombie lies aren't for the voters. They're for the donors who make their money killing the planet. The question is not why today's politicians suck more than ever. It's who they're sucking more than ever.
The Koch brothers are in the oil business and they're pledging almost a billion dollars in this election. For that kind of money, Cruz and Bush and the rest of them will say anything. It's what their fellow prostitutes in the sex industry call the girlfriend experience.
As crude a weapon as the cave man's club, the chemical barrage has been hurled against the fabric of life-a fabric on the one hand delicate and destructible, on the other miraculously tough and resilient, and capable of striking back in unexpected ways.
Rachel Carson, The Silent Spring.
The Breakfast Club (April Showers)
Funeral of Pope John Paul II; Pablo Picasso dies at 91; Teen aids patient Ryan White dies at 18; Hank Aaron hits 715th home run; Kurt Cobain found dead in home from self-inflicted gunshot wound.
It takes a long time to become young.
The Breakfast Club (Chain Of Fools)
Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. led 25,000 marchers to the state capitol in Montgomery, Ala. 146 people were killed when fire broke out at the Triangle Shirtwaist Co. in New York. Aretha Franklin, Elton John born
Music has healing power. It has the ability to take people out of themselves for a few hours.


Great beers, wine, and cocktails were available also. We had an opportunity to try all of them. On location, Heirloom Restaurantmade delicious soups for everyone to sample.
Follow Carolina Farm Trust at Facebook and Instagram. And follow Carolina Jubilee at Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram."The farmer is the only man in our economy who buys everything at retail, sells everything at wholesale, and pays the freight both ways." -John F. Kennedy.


text:
package org.webcurator.core.harvester;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 *
 * The harvester type used to differentiate between the supported crawlers
 * throughout the codebase.
 *
 * @author Hanna Koppelaar
 *
 * $Id$
 */
public enum HarvesterType {
    HERITRIX1, HERITRIX3;

    public static HarvesterType DEFAULT = HERITRIX3;

    public static List<String> getHarvesterTypeNames() {
        List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (HarvesterType harvesterType : HarvesterType.values()) {
            names.add(harvesterType.name());
        }
        return names;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Daily Mail's most bizarre bit of Chequers cheerleading yet
Rubbish polls plus some begging.
By Media Mole
Follow @@ns_media
Daily wail.
Oh dear. It looks like the Mail's transformation from an irate backbench Brexiteer to an obsequious junior government minister is complete.
Today, it runs a frontpage headline actually begging MPs to vote for the Chequers plan. It's basically like the inside of Theresa May's brain writ large in printers ink.
"SO NOW WILL MPs LISTEN?" it asks desperately entreats, showing the Mail's target readership also seems to have reduced to 650 with its change of editorship.
Wednesday's Daily MAIL: "So NOW Will MPs Listen?" #bbcpapers #tomorrowspaperstoday pic.twitter.com/fa0dohNYGX
— Allie Hodgkins-Brown (@AllieHBNews) November 27, 2018
Its justification for urging politicians to vote the deal through? Some very shonky polling after asking a handful of people leading questions of course!
Apparently, a whopping 41 per cent of people (versus a meagre 38 per cent) think MPs should back May's Brexit deal. But if you're not sold on that, a staggering 52 per cent (remind you of anything?) of people think the deal's the best we're going to get – when asked the most British survey question of all time: "It's not ideal – but is it best on offer?" And then 47 per cent think staying in the EU would be that most neutral of descriptions, "humiliating".
Your Mole has never been a fan of the Mail but it did at least used to reflect the views of a rather large body of people. Now it represents… about five people.
› What police "picking up the pieces" of mental health services don't tell you
I'm a mole, innit.
Investing in the UK for 20 years
"Blue ticks were a mistake": Bruce Daisley on leaving Twitter and fixing workplace culture
Boris Johnson needs to decide what he actually wants from Brexit


text:
This is a list of newspapers currently published in Montserrat.

Weekly
The Montserrat Reporter – Davy Hill
Alliouagana Express – Davy Hill, community news

Official
 Government of Montserrat News

News websites
 ZJB News – Sweeney's
 Montserrat Volcano Observatory – Flemmings
 Discover MNI
 MNI Alive

See also
 List of newspapers

References

Montserrat
Communications in Montserrat
Montserratian culture
Montserrat-related lists


text:
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| News & Features
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| Looking at Earth
High-Tech Robot Skin
Goddard Technologist Proposes Sensitive Skin Covering for Robots
A ballerina gracefully dances on a small stage. She is followed not by a male partner, but by a robotic arm manipulator that seems to sense her every move. For NASA Goddard technologist Vladimir Lumelsky, the performance shows the future of robotics.
Image right: High-Tech Robot Skin: Goddard technologist Vladimir Lumelsky believes the future of robotics lies with the development of a high-tech, sensor-embedded covering that would be able to sense the environment, much like human skin. Credit: Vladimir Lumelsky, NASA GSFC
It also demonstrates an advanced technology that Lumelsky hopes to develop as part of the push from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. to develop niche robotics capabilities critical for carrying out the Vision for Space Exploration.
New Laboratory Under Development
Lumelsky, until recently a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has begun setting up a laboratory at Goddard to develop a high-tech covering that would enable robots to sense their environment and react to it, much like humans respond when something or someone touches their skin. Such a technology, which he refers to as a "High-Tech Skin," is essential for carrying out the Vision for Space Exploration because the Vision depends heavily on humans and robots working together under a variety of working conditions, many of them highly unstructured, Lumelsky said.
"Robots should be able to react, but today's robots can't. That's the difference and that's got to change for exploration."
-- Vladimir Lumelsky, NASA
"Robots move well on their own, especially when nothing is in the way," Lumelsky explained. However, change the environment and a different picture emerges. "Robots should be able to react, but today's robots can't," he said. "That's the difference and that's got to change for exploration."
Touch Sensing Remains Key
Although great headway is being made in the area of computer vision, vision isn't enough, he said. "Humans can survive without sight, but they can't survive without tactile sensing. The skin is the biggest organ in our body. It's nothing more than a huge sensor."
Use of Infrared Sensors
The idea is to develop a "sensitive skin" that technicians could use to cover a robot. This skin will include more than 1,000 infrared sensors that would detect an object, and send the information to the robot's "brain." The brain would digest the information, apply reasoning and react within milliseconds by directing the robot to move. Future skin prototypes likely will have a higher density of sensors on the skin, which will provide the robots with even greater dexterity.
Challenges Ahead
Image left: Collisions: Wrapped in High-Tech Robot Skin, the robot's movements demonstrate the feasibility of a human safely sharing space with a powerful heavy robot. Here the robot was instructed to move from its prior position in the left top corner of the frame all the way to the right, next to the large colorful loop. If no obstacles were to appear on the robot's way, it would have moved along the most economical simple curve. But obstacles do appear, and so the robot carefully moves around two "working" people, while at the same time proceeding toward its destination. Click on image to view animation (no narration). Credit: Vladimir Lumelsky, NASA GSFC
The flexible plastic modules that will house the skin's electronics will have to undergo a lot of testing to assure that they're space qualified and able to withstand radiation and extreme changes in light and temperature, such as those that occur on other planets. In addition, embedding the electronics on a large surface material, or printing the skin like wallpaper, presents another major hurdle. Work also is needed in the area of motion-planning development and intelligence, he added.
Since moving to Goddard, Lumelsky began identifying resources needed to create his laboratory.
The sensitive skin was identified as a key technology to develop at Goddard. It would prove vital in situations where humans and robots work side-by-side in the construction of large telescopes and in the operation of both in-space and extraterrestrial equipment.
Lori Keesey


text:
Il Cantone di Saint-Sever era una divisione amministrativa dell'Arrondissement di Mont-de-Marsan.

È stato soppresso a seguito della riforma complessiva dei cantoni del 2014, che è entrata in vigore con le elezioni dipartimentali del 2015.

Comprendeva i comuni di:
 Audignon
 Aurice
 Banos
 Bas-Mauco
 Cauna
 Coudures
 Dumes
 Eyres-Moncube
 Fargues
 Montaut
 Montgaillard
 Montsoué
 Saint-Sever
 Sarraziet

Note

Collegamenti esterni
Statistiche sul sito dell'INSEE

Saint-Sever


Starting a season 4-0 is nothing new for the Utah Jazz, as they've done so in three of the last five seasons. Extending that streak in 2008-09 would mean another milestone for longtime coach Jerry Sloan.
Sloan will try to become the first NBA coach to win 1,000 games with one team as Utah plays host to the Oklahoma City Thunder on Friday night.
Now in his 21st season and the longest tenured coach in professional sports, Sloan reached the brink of that milestone on Wednesday with a 103-96 victory over Portland.
Sloan also won 94 games from 1979-82 while coaching Chicago, but downplayed the impending achievement.
"The NBA is for the players," said Sloan, who will try to lead Utah to its first 5-0 start since 2000. "I've been lucky to be a coach. (Reaching 1,000) is not something that I will do cartwheels over."
Utah's offense this season is not overly impressive at 97.8 points per game. Sloan's team, though, has relied heavily on defense, which ranks third in the league at 85.5 points per game and has allowed the Jazz to remain one of four unbeaten teams in the league with Atlanta, Detroit and the Los Angeles Lakers.
The Trail Blazers almost broke up the Jazz's perfect start by drawing within a point with 47 seconds left, but Carlos Boozer scored four over the final 30 seconds to put the game away. He finished with 20 points and eight rebounds, and Mehmet Okur led Utah with 22 points and nine boards.
For the third straight year, Boozer is averaging a double-double per game with 20.8 points and 10.0 rebounds, but his field-goal percentage is at 62.7 percent through the first four games, an 8.5 percent jump over his career average.
Boozer has been especially effective against the former Seattle SuperSonics. He averaged 20.5 points and 11.1 rebounds in his career against Seattle, and Boozer helped the Jazz win four straight and six of their last eight over the SuperSonics with 22.8 points and 13.1 rebounds in those games.
Okur, who is second on the team with 15.0 points and 8.0 rebounds this season, totaled 44 points and 20 rebounds in the last two meetings with Seattle. But top reserve Andrei Kirilenko struggled in those contests, shooting 3-for-13 from the field and finishing with 15 points.
Oklahoma City (1-3) ranks last in the league with an average of 83.8 points. The Thunder also are tied with the Jazz for last in the NBA with eight 3-pointers made.
Oklahoma City scored a season-best 29 points in the first quarter on Wednesday against defending NBA champion Boston, but the Thunder got just 26 in the next two quarters in a 96-83 loss.
"We've just got to make sure that we play for 48 minutes and tonight we didn't do that," Oklahoma City forward Desmond Mason said.
Kevin Durant led the Thunder with 17 points and leads the team for the second straight year in scoring. The reigning Rookie of the Year averaged 17.0 points in four meetings with the Jazz in 2007-08.


Life is a bit more wonderful with you in it?
Ok I'm just going to pour it all out..the facts about me. I'm curious, knowledge dependant, analytical with a yearning to learn more. I can be serious but also enjoy the element of fun. I am intelligent but sometimes have "blonde moments" which if you have a sense of humour usually makes people laugh and i am able to laugh at myself. I'm honest with a caring nature and loyal. I'm patient, very rarely selfish and easy to get along with. And I could write much more but there is'nt the space!!
Someone who is educated and intelligent. Who likes to have long interesting conversations around a range of topics. A sense of humour. Mature and considerate. Active and enjoys doing things such as walking, days out, holidays, learning about new things etc. Loves reading and discussing books. Likes listening to realxing music but also does'nt mind the noisey stuff occassionally!
romluv42 hasn't asked any friends to write a recommendation yet.


Local middle schooler Abby Gonzalez who attends Beaver Country Day, puts her own spin on the official portraits of Barack and Michelle Obama done by Kehinde Wiley and and Amy Sherald, respectively.
Former President Barack Obama's presidency was full of firsts. He was the first Black President of the United States. The first to legalize gay marriage during his term. The first to refuse campaign finance from the government. He took our country in a different direction and his final statement as he left the white house was no different.
The Obama's presidential portraits strayed far from the common trend the realistic, regal and monochromatic portraits that have been the tradition ever since Washington first took the role in 1789. Both painters Kehinde Wiley, who painted Barack Obama and Amy Sherald, who painted Michelle Obama, incorporated the modern and playful yet historic tone that filled the white house under Obama's presidency.
The Obamas chose the painters with careful deliberation. Both up-and-coming Black artists known for their distinct and unconventional styles and the Obamas certainly made a statement through their choice in artist. Visual arts teacher Donna Sartanowicz added her expertise by first acknowledging the significance in the choice of artists.
In Michelle Obama's painting she sits in a very elegant position, one you would expect from a past presidential portrait. What differs though is the details of her clothes and face. Unlike what one might expect, she is not painted as if based on a photo, but rather it is clear that this is a piece of art. Her dress is full of abstract images: different colors and shapes creating a pattern one cannot follow. Barack Obama too holds a presidential stance, sitting pensively on a chair wearing a dark suit, and is drawn much more realistically than Michelle. What makes his painting stand out though is the background. He is surrounded and almost taken in, by a hedge of flowers, mostly roses. According to the Smithsonian website, the additional flowers represent different things: the purple African lily his father and African heritage, the white jasmine his birthplace, Hawaii, and chrisanthomon that is many colors, signifies Chicago where he grew up and was a state senator.
According to Sartanowicz the style choice marks a shift for a period of our nation's history.
Middle schooler Abby Gonzalez replicates the official portrait of Michelle Obama by Amy Sherald.
These paintings do a fantastic job of representing the Obama administration. The painters are able to balance the respect the Obamas had for tradition, while acknowledging the modern path they forged themselves and the strong and sometimes down to earth character they brought as leaders. Beyond anything, they will certainly stand out on the National Portrait Gallery, just as they will in history.


text:
Illinois Votes to End Cash Bonds by 2023 – Non Profit News
LOONEY TOONS, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
On January 13, Illinois lawmakers voted to do away with cash bail bonds and pretrial incarceration, systems that have demonstrably disproportionately harmed Black and Latinx Americans. As Arnav Shah and Shanoor Seervai of the Commonwealth Fund detail, "Black and [Latinx] Americans are more likely to be stopped by the police and experience police violence at the time of arrest; they also are more likely to be poor and unable to raise bail funds. The cash bail system also compounds underlying health disparities in access to care that has led to worse outcomes for Blacks and [Latinxs] compared to white Americans."
The Illinois campaign to end cash bail and enact other justice system reforms has been led by a coalition of 15 organizations and the Illinois Legislative Black Caucus (ILBC). Called the Pretrial Fairness Act (HB3653), the measure passed the state legislature during this month's Illinois legislature lame duck session. The bill is now pending Governor Jay Robert "JB" Pritzker's signature. Pritzker said last Friday that he was "very pleased" and many expect him, given past statements in favor of abolishing cash bail, to sign the bill. However, one week after it was passed, Pritzker has yet to sign, and he faces considerable pressure, especially from police, to veto the bill.
Among the bill's provisions are the following:
Replace bail bonds with a system of pretrial release, to become effective January 1, 2023.
Provide that police use of force is permissible only when an officer has determined it is necessary to defend either themselves or others from bodily harm when making an arrest.
Prohibit certain uses of force, such as chokeholds and restraints above the shoulders that can restrict breathing.
Prohibit using force as a punishment or in retaliation when it is not authorized—for example, using tear gas and pepper spray without first allowing a crowd to disperse after being warned.
Require police officers to give immediate medical assistance to an injured person, regardless of whether they were injured by the officer's use of force, as well as intervene when another officer uses excessive force and to file a report of that incident within five days.
An even more extensive list of the bill's provisions is available here.
One area where advocates fell short of their goals was in their inability to get legislative support to eliminate qualified immunity for officers. The bill does, however, contain a clause that will create a yearlong state Task Force on Constitutional Rights and Remedies that will look into the issue and make policy recommendations.
One area where the Illinois bill stakes out new ground is in establishing an oversight board that will publish quarterly reports on the use of electronic monitoring devices (ankle bracelets and the like). As Isaac Sher writes in the Intercept, "State prosecutors will bear the burden of proving that an accused person should be monitored, both before the person has been surveilled and after 60 days of surveillance. And…any time 'served' on an electronic monitor will be subtracted from a court sentence."
Beyond the money bail ban, Scher observes, the bill places "unprecedented restrictions on an emerging and largely hidden system of prediction and surveillance."
The racist criminal justice implications of the present cash bail system can hardly be overstated. As Julie Euber, looking at the national data, explained in NPQ last June:
Six out of 10 people in US jails are awaiting trial despite being innocent until proven guilty. Bail is set by a judge who can raise, lower, or waive the standard amount based on the details of an individual case, so the total amount can vary greatly. African American men receive bail amounts 35 percent higher than white men charged with the same crimes and with the same criminal history.
Those who can't pay often stay in jail for months or even years. One study found that pretrial detention increases someone's likelihood of being convicted by 13 percent, mostly due to an increase in guilty pleas from defendants who otherwise would have been acquitted or had their charges dropped. The study also found a 42 percent increase in the length of their incarceration sentences.
In Illinois, according to the Coalition to End Money Bond, every year more than 250,000 people are incarcerated in Illinois's county jails. Ninety percent of them are locked up prior to trial, and most because they can't afford to pay a money bond.
The Coalition to End Money Bond formed in 2016 with 15 participating organizations, including the ACLU of Illinois, Chicago Appleseed Center for Fair Courts, the Shriver Center on Poverty Law, and faith-based groups, among others. Recognizing the abolition of bail bond as a statewide issue for racial and economic justice, the Chicago-based groups later formed the Illinois Network for Pretrial Justice to connect with others throughout the state that were working for overall criminal justice reform. Knowing that Pritzker had made bail bond reform part of his platform, the statewide coalition mobilized 250 people for a lobby day in February 2020, and partnered with the ILBC to move this agenda for racial and economic justice forward.
"We have an opportunity to leverage this moment to make sure other Black women, Black mothers, and Black wives just like me can truly have peace, justice and hope for our future, knowing that our children and our grandchildren will not share the same kind of life experiences that everyone in my generation and generations before me have had to endure," says State Senate majority leader and chair of the Black Caucus Kimberly A. Lightford.—Carole Levine
Originally Published by nonprofitquarterly.org
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text:
Legendary Workouts
By Julian Schmidt Flex
Nine bodybuilding legends give their best tips and training routines.
RONNIE COLEMAN: EXPLOSIVE
I don't use ultrastrict single-muscle movements for any bodypart. As for using light weight and just squeezing a specific muscle, I never do anything like that. I try to combine explosive power and strict execution into each rep. Regardless of how heavy I go, I try to make the intended muscle work to its full capacity by putting as much of that weight as possible directly into it.
What I remember about squatting 800 pounds is that I wanted to make sure I was going down far enough and compressing that weight directly into my thighs. That's what I examine in my videos: whether I was going down far enough, because I believe in performing every movement the right way. That's howI was taught, to go down as far as I could, below parallel, hams on calves, then put as much power and strength as I had into the upward explosion.
I did only two reps, but both of them were good reps that I felt all the way through my thighs. Doing it that way, you have to involve more than the contraction of a single muscle; all muscles in the thighs have to work together, as well as other muscles in the body that coordinate balance. Same with biceps work. To get those puppies to work, you have to use your delts, forearms and even your abs as you tense to explode into the rep.
RONNIE COLEMAN'S BICEPS WORKOUT
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BARBELL CURLS, 4 sets, 8-12 reps
STANDING ALTERNATE DUMBBELL CURLS, 3 sets, 8-12 reps
CAMBERED-BAR PREACHER CURLS, 3 sets, 8-12 reps
STANDING CABLE CURLS*, 4×2 sets, 8-12 reps
*Coleman performs four nonstop sets, takes a brief rest and repeats the series.
JAY CUTLER: CONTROL
For a lot of pros, when they're working a bodypart, you'll see some motion in the rest of their bodies. When they're pushing heavy weight, it's almost impossible not to use a lot of muscles. I do the same, but usually with the rest-pause principle. I contract the muscle as much as I can, but I don't do continuous repetitions at a steady pace, like a machine. My training is different from Ronnie's in that manner. His is explosive: up, down, up, down, consistently paced, with no pause, for 10 reps. Mine pause. For squats, I go down, come up and squeeze the quads for a oneor two-count, go back down, come up and squeeze for a one- or two-count, etc.
For bench presses, I pause at the top of every third rep or so, and when I come down, I control the bar so that it stops about two inches shy of my chest; i.e., I don't bounce it off my chest. That's what I consider strict.
For barbell rows, I throw around 400 pounds, so there's going to be some cushioning with my knees to get the weight up, because I don't want to tweak something. I'm not dragging the weight up my body, though, and I'm not jerking it all over the place. When you're moving that kind of weight, your hips and your body have to move, for balance.
For preacher curls, my body is braced in position, so I don't use body motion. There will be some for standing barbell curls, to maintain balance and keep the weight focused in the biceps. It's nonetheless controlled and, for some reps, I pause at the bottom and really feel the weight, to get the mind-to-muscle connection. With 70-pound dumbbell curls, it's also pretty hard to remain perfectly erect and still. It's not the contraction of only a single muscle fiber that's moving that weight. The rest of the body has to continuously stabilize itself to accommodate the constant weight transfers. That's real-world physics for you.
Even with a pullup movement, I might have to use other muscles to help bring my bodyweight all the way to the top, in order to get a peak contraction in my back. When you're a 300-pound guy, you're going to have some body motion.
JAY CUTLER'S BICEPS WORKOUT
BARBELL CURLS, 5-6 sets, 8-10 reps
ONE-ARM DUMBBELL PREACHER CURLS, 3 sets, 8-10 reps
INCLINE DUMBBELL CURLS, 3 sets, 8-10 reps
TWO-ARM HIGH-CABLE CURLS, 3 sets, 8-10 reps
HAMMER CURLS, 3 sets, 8-10 reps
DARREM CHARLES: FORCE
There's a fine line between applying a little force from another muscle group, or cheating, for the purpose of moving a weight so that it places even more stress on a muscle versus going all the way across the board to where you're doing the exercise totally wrong and missing the targeted bodypart altogether. I like to cheat just enough so I can still execute the exercise correctly; that is, feel it in the muscle I'm trying to hit. Ultra strict repetitions are what I call a Jane Fonda workout, which is using very light weight, so that nothing else moves.
In bodybuilding, though, you have to go a little bit heavier, so other muscles help lift the weight in a manner that places more stress on the muscle than can be applied only by that muscle's contraction. Don't, however, cross the line. I've seen guys do T-bar rows with weight so heavy that they have to stand straight up. That's a deadlift, not a row — a totally different exercise. T-bar rows should be done with the back at about a 45-degree angle. With shoulder presses, you have to recruit the upper back, traps and even the upper pecs as you start the movement.
DARREM CHARLES' DELTS WORKOUT
BARBELL PRESSES, 3 sets, 4-10 reps
DUMBBELL LATERAL RAISES, 3 sets, 4-10 reps
BENT DUMMBELL LATERAL RAISES, 3 sets, 4-10 reps
UPRIGHT ROWS, 3 sets, 4-10 reps
BARBELL SHRUGS, 3 sets, 4-10 reps
CHRIS CORMIER: PRESSURE
I use a combination of both power and strictness. Let's say I'm doing arm curls: I try my best not to swing my body back and forth, but I do use my body in whatever manner is required to get the most out of my biceps. Mostly, it's concentration. I don't think of reaching a certain number of reps but, rather, of feeling that muscle stressed throughout its range of motion. Most people don't allow their arms to extend. They lower them only to the point where they remain in an L-shape, then rock them back up.
Instead, you have to let your arms extend all the way down, then contract them all the way to the top. That's the proper range of motion, and that's strict, but if you're using enough weight to do yourself some good, you'll also have to correct the balance of your body to get a full range of motion, even if you have to lean into the movement. For legs, it's the same thing — you have to call the secondary muscles into play to put maximum pressure on the thighs. You couldn't get the most out of leg presses if you didn't get your hams involved. In fact, it would be impossible to do leg presses and keep your hams out of it.
CHRIS CORMIER'S QUADS WORKOUT
LEG EXTENSIONS, 4 sets*, 15 reps
SQUATS, 5 sets, 8-20 reps
LEG PRESSES, 4-5 sets, 12-20 reps
HACK SQUATS, 4-5 sets, 8-15 reps
LEG EXTENSIONS, 4-5 sets, 15-25 reps
*Perform with light weight as warm-up sets.
VICTOR MARTINEZ: INTENSITY
I use strict reps, but with high intensity.
You can't look at me doing dips and wonder Is he training his triceps or his elbows? No, I'm training my triceps.
Doing overhead presses, you might ask, Is he training his shoulders or his armpits? No, I'm training my shoulders.
I'm definitely using a lot of power, but it's all going into the focal-point muscle. I'm not using any other muscles at all. Nothing is sloppy, but it's not slow. It's high impact.
VICTOR MARTINEZ'S TRICEPS WORKOUT
CLOSE-GRIP BENCH PRESSES, 4 sets, 10 reps
WEIGHTED DIPS, 4 sets, 10 reps
PUSHDOWNS, 4 sets, 10 reps
GÜNTER SCHLIERKAMP: POWER
I have an all-in-one workout, in which I put power into my strict reps, in the sense that I'm exploding through the arc of most resistance, rather than squeezing consistently through it. An example of this would be my power press, which is a Smith machine bench press, where I lock the bar about six inches above my chest and do partial presses up to a ******* from there, for five or six reps to failure. This gives me isolated strict continuous tension in the top of my pecs, with heavier weight than I would be able to use for a normal bench press.
I also have a program of two different workouts: one in which I use very controlled and isolated repetitions that focus on a single muscle and another in which repetitions are very explosive, employing assistance muscles, as well. These workouts will alternate: I use one for two weeks, then the other for two weeks, or I might alternate them every workout.
GÜNTER SCHLIERKAMP'S CHEST WORKOUT
SMITH MACHINE POWER PRESSES, 4 sets, 5-6 reps
FLAT BARBELL PRESSES, 4 stes, 3-15 reps
INCLINE DUMBBELL PRESSES, 4 sets, 3-15 reps
HAMMER STRENGTH INCLINE PRESSES, 4 sets, 3-15 reps
INCLINE DUMBBELL FLYES, 4 sets, 10-12 reps
TROY ALVES: STRICT
I use a combination of power and strict form, but together, in each repetition. When I say power, I don't do half reps, or use my back to swing the bar up, or bring my hips off the bench. When I say strict, it's not a negative; instead, it's tensed over the entire range of motion just enough so I can apply power. If you stabilize the limb in a stationary position, so that only one muscle fiber is allowed to contract, you can't use enough weight to put on a lot of mass.
At the same time, your movement has to be strict enough to remain aligned with the bodypart you're working. For instance, for triceps, I use heavy weight, but I'm not sloppy with it. I don't swing my arms and entire torso all over the place, in order to shift the weight so my back or chest takes over. It stays in my triceps.
If I'm doing dumbbell lateral raises, they're strict but heavy, maybe using my legs for a little momentum off the bottom. That allows me to handle heavy weight and get the dumbbells up and into the arc of maximum power, where my deltoids can then take over through their full range of motion. I do not involve my back in the momentum, only my legs. At the top, my shoulders and arms do all the work.
For dumbbell presses, it's a controlled movement down, using a two-second count, then an explosive punch for the upward movement.
The rules: maybe a little momentum from your lower body, to get the movement started, but no partial range of motion. Get that weight all the way up.
TROY ALVES' TRICEPS WORKOUT
CLOSE-GRIP BENCH PRESSES, 6 sets*, 12-15 reps
SEATED CAMBERED-BAR FRENCH PRESSES, 4 sets, 12-15 reps
PUSHDOWNS, 4 sets, 12-15 reps
superset with
DUMBBELL KICKBACKS, 4 sets, 12-15 reps
*Drop sets
MELVIN ANTHONY: TENSION
I power my reps, but I concentrate mostly on keeping tension in the muscle, and I do that with slower reps, where the speed or pace is more controlled. I don't go to the bottom of a movement and shoot up. Instead, I go down slower and power through it, but I won't bounce, especially on squats.
The same with dumbbell rows: I execute a controlled pull and descent, not a jerky up and down where the dumbbells move through their own momentum. I squeeze through the rep, emphasizing continuous tension on the lat muscles. It's strict form until I reach failure; then I get in some final partial reps. You have to bounce out a couple and get that cheat factor in there to induce mass-building power.
My normal reps, though, follow this pattern: the descent is a lot slower than the press. I don't bounce, but I still put a lot of explosion into it. I use the descent to build tension in the muscle and, at the bottom, I don't relax and restart the press to get to the top; rather, the muscle remains under maximum tension, and I use that to propel the weight back to the top. That allows me to stay with compound movements for what I still consider strict reps. It also helps prevent joint injury.
MELVIN ANTHONY'S BACK WORKOUT
FRONT PULLDOWNS, 5 sets, 15 reps
SEATED CABLE ROWS, 5 sets, 15 reps
T-BAR ROWS, 5 sets, 15 reps
ONE-ARM DUMBBELL ROWS, 5 sets, 15 reps
CLOSE-GRIP OVERHAND PULLDOWNS, 5 sets, 15 reps
DEADLIFTS, 5 sets, 15 reps
JOHNNIE JACKSON: HEAVY
To gain mass, the work has to be spread over an entire muscle group, not just a single muscle in a group. That means you have to lift so heavy that the weight cannot be moved by the contraction of a single muscle.
The more muscles that have to be called into play, the more mass you will gain.
You can't squat 500 pounds the same way you squat 135 pounds, and you can't curl 90-pound dumbbells as strictly as you can 40-pounders.
Stabilizing and balancing forces change with the weight you're lifting.
JOHNNIE JACKSON'S LEG WORKOUT
LEG EXTENSIONS, 5 sets, 15-20 reps
LEG PRESSES, 5 sets, 15-20 reps
HACK SQUATS, 3 sets, 15 reps
LYING LEG CURLS, 4 sets, 20 reps
SEATED LEG CURLS, 3 sets, 30-40 reps
DONKEY CALF RAISES6 sets, 30 reps
Source: http://www.flexonline.com/training/legendary-workouts
Biweekly Full Body Workout
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Gain Limiting Mistakes


Pro 13:1 - A wise son heareth his father's instruction: but a scorner heareth not rebuke.
Pro 13:2 - A man shall eat good by the fruit of his mouth: but the soul of the transgressors shall eat violence.
Pro 13:3 - He that keepeth his mouth keepeth his life: but he that openeth wide his lips shall have destruction.
Pro 13:4 - The soul of the sluggard desireth, and hath nothing: but the soul of the diligent shall be made fat.
Pro 13:5 - A righteous man hateth lying: but a wicked man is lothsome, and cometh to shame.
Pro 13:6 - Righteousness keepeth him that is upright in the way: but wickedness overthroweth the sinner.
Pro 13:7 - There is that maketh himself rich, yet hath nothing: there is that maketh himself poor, yet hath great riches.
Pro 13:8 - The ransom of a man's life is his riches: but the poor heareth not rebuke.
Pro 13:9 - The light of the righteous rejoiceth: but the lamp of the wicked shall be extinguished.
Pro 13:10 - Only by pride cometh contention: but with the well-advised is wisdom.
Pro 13:11 - Wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished: but he that gathereth by labor shall increase.
Pro 13:12 - Hope deferred maketh the heart sick: but when the desire cometh, it is a tree of life.
Pro 13:13 - Whoever despiseth the word shall be destroyed: but he that feareth the commandment shall be rewarded.
Pro 13:14 - The law of the wise is a fountain of life, to depart from the snares of death.
Pro 13:15 - Good understanding giveth favor: but the way of transgressors is hard.
Pro 13:16 - Every prudent man dealeth with knowledge: but a fool layeth open his folly.
Pro 13:17 - A wicked messenger falleth into mischief: but a faithful embassador is health.
Pro 13:18 - Poverty and shame shall be to him that refuseth instruction: but he that regardeth reproof shall be honored.
Pro 13:19 - The desire accomplished is sweet to the soul: but it is abomination to fools to depart from evil.
Pro 13:20 - He that walketh with wise men shall be wise: but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.
Pro 13:21 - Evil pursueth sinners: but to the righteous good shall be repaid.
Pro 13:22 - A good man leaveth an inheritance to his children's children: and the wealth of the sinner is laid up for the just.
Pro 13:23 - Much food is in the tillage of the poor: but there is that is destroyed for want of judgment.
Pro 13:24 - He that spareth his rod hateth his son: but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes.
Pro 13:25 - The righteous eateth to the satisfying of his soul: but the belly of the wicked shall want.


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Expanding the District also accelerates the transformation of the current market district into a more robust mixed-use district with more retail, housing, and people. Eastern Market, like much of Detroit, was built for more people, more work, and more activity than it has today. Eastern Market aspires to support the next generation of food businesses as well as complementary development of a lively mixed-use commercial district to greatly increase the number of jobs in the District. The increased density of food businesses and other development will provide a fundamental building block for Detroit's future. Eastern Market has a rich history as a working food district. The District's economic force now has the opportunity to grow because of two distinct advantages present in the area. Immediate freeway access, close reach to export markets, and other logistical advantages already in place make expansion easier here than in other areas with no existing industry. Additionally, former residential neighborhood areas adjacent to the District with high vacancy rates are a prime area for expansion. This is the place where Detroit works for everyone.