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State of the Beach/State Reports/WA/Shoreline Structures
Standards discussed in the Shoreline Master Program Guidelines must be followed when master programs are drafted. These guidelines define the broad policies listed in the Shoreline Management Act (RCW 90.58.020). Washington State Shoreline Master Program Guidelines discuss the adverse impacts of shoreline structures. However, new shoreline structures are allowed to protect existing structures and new non-water-dependent development, including single-family residences. Shoreline structures can be replaced with similar structures if there is a demonstrated need to protect the existing structure from erosion. The guidelines do have limitations and standards for shoreline structure development.
The amended Shoreline Master Program Guidelines noted previously include new restrictions on the placement and repair of shoreline armoring. Much of the emphasis in these rules is placed on Puget Sound shorelines. This reflects a general tendency towards focusing on the management of Puget Sound as opposed to Pacific Ocean shorelines. This is largely due to the fact that the Puget Sound region is much more densely populated than the Pacific Ocean shoreline. The high density of single-family residences places more pressure to armor these shorelines than those along the outer coast. Ecology's recent work with the Ocean Policy Workgroup reflects a commitment to responsible management of Pacific Ocean beaches.[1]
Regulations guiding shoreline armoring consist primarily of the Hydraulics Code (RCW 77.55.100 —360) implemented by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and the Shoreline Management Act (RCW 90.58) implemented by local governments under the oversight of WDOE Shorelands and Environmental Assistance Program. The Hydraulics Code applies waterward of "ordinary high water" and the Shoreline Management Act applies waterward of ordinary high water and at least 200 feet landward of ordinary high water. Permits are required by the Department of Fish and Wildlife for any activity that will use, divert, obstruct or change the bed or flow of state waters, including the construction of bulkheads and seawalls. There are provisions in the regulations for emergency projects. Removal of hardened shoreline structures has been required, but only by the authority of a local government under the state's Shoreline Management Act.[2]
The Shoreline Master Program Guidelines (Chapter 173-26 WAC, p. 74) state that the following standards must be followed:
New development should be located and designed to avoid the need for future shoreline stabilization to the extent feasible. New development on steep slopes or bluffs shall be set back sufficiently to ensure that shoreline stabilization is unlikely to be necessary during the life of the structure, as demonstrated by a geotechnical analysis. New development that would require shoreline stabilization which cause significant impacts to adjacent or down-current properties and shoreline areas should not be allowed.
New structural stabilization measures shall be permitted to protect existing primary structures that is in danger from shoreline erosion cause by tidal action, currents, or waves.
The 2006 Assessment states that, for the most part, current laws and regulations prohibit or discourage erosion control structures on the Pacific Ocean beaches. It suggests, however, that the recent shift from accretion to erosion along segments of Washington's southwest coast may lead to a review of these policies.
The WCZMP has chaired and played a leading role in the Shoreline Armoring Workgroup, a collaboration of biologists and geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Washington, Puget Sound Nearshore Restoration Project, and other state and federal agencies. The workgroup has focused on a variety of activities including developing a monitoring protocol for beach restoration projects and advising University of Washington scientists on a research project looking at the effects of a proposed large-scale seawall removal at Seahurst Park in the City of Burien. In addition, the workgroup organized a four-day workshop in May of 2009 that convened regional and national experts to examine the state of the science relevant to shoreline armoring in environments similar to Puget Sound. Presentations addressed current understanding of Puget Sound, emerging scientific research on beaches and armoring, and relevant experience from other regions.
Technical information on the environmental effects of shoreline armoring, shoreline over-water structures, and the use of treated wood in aquatic systems is available in publications of Washington's Aquatic Habitat Guidelines project, a joint program of the departments of Ecology, Fish & Wildlife, and Transportation.
Marine and Estuarine Shoreline Modification Issues
Marine Over-water Structures
Inventories covering various locations, levels of detail, and scales are developed by state agencies and local governments. The most comprehensive is the Washington State ShoreZone Inventory conducted by the Washington Department of Natural Resources. Links at the project Website provide access to low tide videography, data dictionary, inventory users manual, and GIS data.[3]
The Washington State Department of Natural Resources' Washington ShoreZone Inventory provides GIS information on the locations and extent of shoreline structures along the Washington shoreline. The sm1_type coverage classifies the shoreline type, including concrete bulkheads, sheet piles, rip rap and wooden bulkheads. The sm_tot_pct coverage gives the total percentage of shoreline with anthropogenic modification. The Washington ShoreZone Inventory Summary states that approximately 30% of the Puget Sound shoreline has some kind of shoreline modification. The shoreline modification is not evenly distributed throughout the state. The outer coast has relatively little modification while Puget Sound is highly modified. 79% of the eastern side of Central Basin has been modified.
The Washington Coastal Atlas has a "Modifications" data layer that contains a "Piers and Docks" data layer and a "Shore Modification" data layer.
Some local governments are now developing updated shoreline inventories prior to updating their shoreline master programs pursuant to the state's Shoreline Management Act. Most of these inventories include information and/or mapping of shoreline armoring modifications in general. Two such local governments on marine shorelines are rural Wahkiakum County on the Columbia River estuary, and the small city of Port Townsend on Admiralty Inlet of Puget Sound. Typically these local governments publish a shoreline inventory atlas, which is distributed locally, and GIS data is shared or traded on request.[4]
Existing shoreline modifications are also represented on the Washington Coastal Atlas and extent of shoreline armoring is captured in the public access GIS layer (currently available for download on the Ecology GIS website).
The 2006 Assessment indicates that erosion on the Puget Sound has traditionally been addressed with the construction of bulkheads, seawalls, and riprap revetments. They report that over 30% of the Puget Sound shoreline is armored; this includes a segment between Everett and Tacoma that is more than 95% armored. Although there has been stricter scrutiny of armoring by permitting agencies, the rate of armoring remains high. The WDOE recognizes that shoreline armoring results in wide range of environmental impacts, including degradation of shoreline habitat, beach loss, fragmentation of vegetation, and modified erosion patterns. They are working to avoid the siting of new development in areas that will require armoring and are requiring greater consideration of alternatives to armoring, such as vegetative bank stabilization and beach fill.
A King County study of the shoreline of Water Resources Inventory Area 9 (WRIA 9) — an area that stretches from Federal Way to Seattle and includes the Green-Duwamish Watershed and Vashon and Maury islands — found that since 2005, the area has had 1,500 feet of shoreline armoring removed. However, the 92 miles of shoreline in WRIA 9 — about half of which is on Vashon — had more shoreline than that armored and saw a net loss of 70 feet of natural shoreline. Most of the new armoring consisted of installation of bulkheads on private property — as well as retaining walls, docks and stairs, much of it unpermitted. More on this.
The Puget Sound Action Team (PSAT) (now Puget Sound Partnership) has compiled information on shoreline modification (largely shoreline armoring data) from the Washington Department of Natural Resources' ShoreZone Inventory and determined that 30% of Washington's marine shorelines are modified. This document is Puget Sound Update 2002. A Map of Shoreline Modification (Puget Sound) and an associated table can be found on page 27.
PSAT has published more documents since 2002 - these can be found here and at their website.
Removal or Modification of Shoreline Armoring
Several projects have been completed in Washington to remove shoreline armoring and help restore the ecological function of shoreline areas.
An encouraging development regarding shoreline armoring occurred in 2007 when rip rap was removed from the shore at Belfair State Park in the Lower Hood Canal area. This was part of a $2 million estuary restoration project designed to improve both the habitat and the public's ability to enjoy the park. The project included removal of a tidal swimming pool and creation of a sandy beach in its place. A rocky wall was removed to create a walking beach, Little Mission Creek bridge was relocated and a small culvert was replaced to enhance fish passage. Now, kayakers and wind surfers can launch from the beach, which was impossible when rip rap lined the shore. These types of modifications have also occurred on private property.
Additional encouraging news came when the long-planned removal of the Elwha Dam occurred in 2011-2012. Removal of the Glines Canyon Dam was scheduled for 2013. The effort is the largest dam removal project ever undertaken in the United States. The project is designed to proceed slowly to accommodate the 24 million cubic yards of sediment that have accumulated behind the dam. Gradually the sediment will wash downstream, and the salmon now barricaded at Elwha Dam will be able to swim up and repopulate more than 70 miles of the river and its tributaries, nearly all of the territory pristine because it lies within Olympic National Park. It is hoped that removal of these dams will not only help restore the Elwha River and its ecosystems, but also help nourish eroded beaches near the mouth of the river. Dam removal has been completed and the beaches are growing. This restoration effort was enhanced in 2016 when nearly 3,000 cubic yards of riprap and concrete slab were removed from the shore as part of a $2 million, multi-agency effort to restore the beach and coastal wetlands for fish and wildlife habitat. The Beach Lake Acquisition and Restoration project immediately resulted in parts of the sediment-starved, coarse-cobble shoreline covered by 6 feet to 10 feet of sand.
Meanwhile, habitat restoration was planned on a 1,200-foot stretch of Ediz Hook near Port Angeles in summer 2012. The Lower Elwha Klallam tribe and state Department of Natural Resources will restore the "A-frame" site on the spit, a former log dump area that was used until the 1970s. It will be cleared of fill and existing structures. The goal is to improve the shoreline for forage fish spawning, including smelt and sand lance. It will also benefit people because it will be much more accessible for recreation.
A bulkhead removal project on Brown Island along three adjacent residential waterfront properties began in September 2015. The armor removal project, coordinated by Friends of the San Juans, will unbury the upper beach, providing more usable space for property owners as well as the wildlife such as forage fish and juvenile salmon that depend on intact shoreline habitats. Read more.
A similar, forward-thinking project has been implemented on Orcas Island. Friends of the San Juans' video called "Planning for the Future: Benefits of Restoration" documents the approach one family took when undertaking a major redevelopment of their property. "When we were looking at our options for redeveloping our property, one of the things we took into account was sea level rise. We wanted to get rid of the big seawall and make sure both the house and beach would be around in 100 years. By moving the house back, we were able to restore the beach for now and the future," said John and Maia Vechey, who are spotlighted in the new video.
A shoreline enhancement project to regain beach habitat and improve natural shoreline function at Fort Townsend State Park, along Port Townsend Bay's western shore, was completed in August 2016. Much of the hard armoring and shoreline landing area that buried natural beach in the 1800s was removed to restore natural feeder bluff processes and beach habitat for shorebirds, forage fish and other marine animals. More than 1,700 cubic yards of large rocks and soil were moved out by barge, and the remaining small landing was reshaped, including an easier beach access for park visitors. The Northwest Straits Foundation managed the project for Washington State Parks, and the Jefferson County Marine Resources Committee assisted with community outreach and interpretive signs. The restoration project was funded by the Puget Sound Marine and Nearshore Grant program, which is a partnership program of the Washington departments of Fish and Wildlife and Natural Resources, and the state's Estuary Salmon Restoration Program (ESRP). Those organizations administer funds awarded by the federal Environmental Protection Agency to implement priorities of the action agenda for Puget Sound to protect and restore habitat and ecosystem functions.
A long-running seawall and pollution issue is present in Port Angeles, where a deteriorating seawall is holding back a portion of the contents of the city's closed landfill at the west end of 18th Street from falling down a bluff into the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The seawall is a "short-term fix" that was installed after Surfrider Foundation's Olympic Peninsula Chapter (OPC) and others submitted comments to the City of Port Angeles asking them to restore the site by removing decades of garbage. The wall, as predicted by the OPC, has increased shoreline erosion to the east. Now, a further proposed short term "fix" is to fortify the ends of the seawall and remove roughly half of the accumulated waste in the section of city landfill most threatened by the failing 135-foot bluff. In the longer term, it is hoped that enough waste can be removed and other measures taken to stabilize the bluff such that the seawall can be removed.
A somewhat similar situation exists in the vicinity of an old city dump at the edge of Bellingham Bay. There, a $9.1 million cleanup project will need to cover up about 100 feet of shoreline where erosion has exposed city rubbish dumped and buried there in the 1950s and 1960s. It also will need to cover and contain the accumulation of trash farther inland, sealing it off to prevent rainwater from seeping in and carrying pollutants to the surface or into the water. The plan consists of:
A layer of clay will cover the garbage, providing one barrier to water infiltration. Some of the clay is already in place in the form of dredged material from Squalicum Harbor, and additional clay will be added.
layer of thick plastic will top the clay to provide a second line of defense against seeping water.
A layer of sand will cover the plastic, to provide a pathway for rainwater to move horizontally into the bay before it touches any buried contaminants.
Atop the sand will be a layer of topsoil for grass and trees.
Cleanup on an adjacent property may bring the total cleanup cost to $16 million to create a future waterfront park.
In the early 1900s, an estimated 68 percent of Seattle's shoreline habitat was destroyed by the construction of the Elliott Bay Seawall. It was intended to prevent shore erosion and enable waterfront development, but the seawall also decimated salmon populations, reducing them by 90 percent. Now, a major urban reconstruction project, including the replacement of the seawall, offers hope for the salmon by creating a more hospitable migratory corridor. Plans to create riparian zones include planting trees and shrubs along the banks and planters along the walkway. New sidewalks with implanted glass blocks will help plants grow underwater and will allow light to penetrate from the sidewalk into the water and create a safe, well-lit path for the salmon. Read more. November 2013 Update. February 2015 update. In September 2015 this article in Seattle Weekly detailed problems with major project delays and cost overruns.
Additional Shoreline Armoring
An issue involving both a potential increase in coastal armoring as well as periodic beach fill is the Westport Jetty/Grays Harbor Project. The Seattle District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers prepared a PowerPoint presentation (January 2009) that discusses alternatives for dealing with coastal erosion and storm damage at this location. More info.
In May 2012 an article Westport's solution may be Ocean Shores' problem discussed an aspect of the proposed armoring project, which is removal of old jetty rock from the Damon Point area for salmon enhancement as part of the federal project to shore up Westport's South Jetty. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' overall plan is to build a 500-foot jetty extension into Half Moon Bay in Westport to address the ongoing erosion problem which has been steadily worsening since the early 1990s.
For additional Army Corps of Engineers documents regarding the Westport and Grays Harbor jetties, go here and search for 'Grays Harbor' or 'Westport'.
In January 2010 the Army Corps of Engineers proposed a $400 to $470 million, 18-year construction project to rehabilitate eroding jetties at the mouth of the Columbia River. The north and south jetties, originally constructed between 1885 and 1917, enable a multibillion-dollar shipping industry by taming the river's notoriously rough bar. The project will shore up the north and south jetties, as well as Jetty A just inside the river's mouth near Cape Disappointment. Construction would begin in 2012 and continue each year through 2030. The proposed project calls for the placement of 364,000 tons of rock on the north jetty and nearly 750,000 tons on the south jetty. The project will include massive armor stones capping the tip of each jetty. Further, contractors will build 11 spur groins to stabilize the jetties' sandy foundations. Engineers believe this feature is essential in light of beach erosion occurring north and south of the Columbia's mouth.
When the jetties were originally constructed a century ago, they created a firehose effect by squeezing the river's current. Between 1885 and 1925, according to a report by the corps in 2003, the firehose blasted 500 million to 800 million cubic yards of sand out of the estuary and into the ocean, where waves piled it along the jetties' back edges. The movement of sand from the estuary to the beach shored up each jetty's foundation, cleared dangerous sandbars from the shipping channel, and created popular public beaches. In recent years, however, those beaches have eroded severely. Sand that would have otherwise replenished the beaches north and south of the river has dwindled with the construction of upriver dams beginning in the 1930s. The dams capture two-thirds of the sediment that would have otherwise flowed to the estuary, according to a recent study of coastal erosion.
Washington has little experience with geotubes, sandbag revetments, or other "soft armoring". There has only been one permitted geotube installation and no known sandbag revetments.
Additional information is provided in the Erosion and Beach Fill sections of this report.
Hugh Shipman
Washington State Dept. of Ecology
Southwest Washington Coast
George Kaminsky
Perception of Effectiveness
The 2006 Assessment gives erosion management a high priority. It notes that considerable progress has been made,
"Still, work remains to be done, especially in the area of beach fill and erosion management."
As noted above, the WDOE recognizes that shoreline armoring results in wide range of environmental impacts, including degradation of shoreline habitat, beach loss, fragmentation of vegetation, and modified erosion patterns.
A "Shoreline Armoring on Puget Sound Workshop" was held May 12-14th, 2009. Abstracts and presentations from the workshop can be viewed here. Also see here.
Chris Townsend of the Puget Sound Partnership has stated that the loss of sandy, pebbly beaches to rock and concrete walls is one of the key problems in the local marine ecosystem. In an effort to mitigate for these effects, the Seattle Department of Transportation, King Conservation District, and Washington Sea Grant have jointly spent $310,000 to install 18 concrete panels along Seattle's urban waterfront. Each panel measures about 5 by 7 feet, with faux rocks or ledges at various angles. The scientists also stuck nine troughs to the walls and filled them with small rocks and gravel, creating mini tide pools. The goal is to create nooks and crannies where algae, tiny sea insects, small fish and crabs can hide out. University of Washington School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences will head up a $240,000 two-year monitoring program to measure the density and diversity of marine species. The project anticipates the replacement of the aging Alaskan Way sea wall. If the panels prove attractive to marine life, they could be incorporated into the design of the new wall.
Alternative Bank Protection Methods for Puget Sound Shorelines describes fifteen projects from around Puget Sound where creativity has been applied in reducing shoreline erosion. Applications include beach nourishment, bioengineering and other vegetation techniques, structural use of drift logs and woody debris, and intertidal benches.
Also see Soft Shore Protection as an Alternative to Bulkheads — Projects and Monitoring by Jim W. Johannessen (2001) and Soft Shoreline Stabilization: Shoreline Master Program Planning and Implementation Guidance (Washington Department of Ecology, March 2014)
On the southwest Washington coast, WDOE's Southwest Washington Coastal Erosion Study (SWCES) team has used a combination of technical conferences for decision makers, public outreach workshops, brochures, exhibits at local community centers and nature centers, and its website to educate the public about coastal erosion issues and erosion response.
A 1998 video At Ocean's Edge: Coastal Change in Southwest Washington visually illustrates erosion problem areas along Southwest Washington's dynamic coast. Footage shows the forces of nature in action and a variety of scientific methods that are being used to sort out the causes of long-term coastal changes. Interviews with scientists, local government officials, and coastal residents reveal the broad range and complexity of the issues confronting coastal communities and the efforts being made to resolve these issues.
WDOE's Washington Coast website has a discussion on jetties and shoreline change.
General information on Washington's ocean coast can be found here.
For Puget Sound landsliding education, WDOE publishes a suite of three homeowner booklets on vegetation, surface water, and groundwater management which are posted to the WDOE website in abbreviated versions at:
Slope Stabilization and Erosion Control
Managing Vegetation on Coastal Slopes
Managing Drainage on Coastal Bluffs
General information on Puget Sound landslides can be found here.
General information on Puget Sound shorelines can be found here.
Aerial oblique photographs of Washington's marine shorelines dating from the 1970s, the 1990s, and the early 2000s are posted on WDOE's Coastal Atlas.
The Green Shores project promotes sustainable use of coastal ecosystems through planning and design that recognizes the ecological features and functions of coastal systems. The guiding principles for Green Shores are:
1. Preserve the integrity or connectivity of coastal processes.
2. Maintain or enhance habitat diversity and function (on a local or regional scale).
3. Minimize or reduce pollutants to the marine environment.
4. Reduce cumulative impacts to the coastal environment.
For general information on beach erosion and the importance of maintaining natural beach processes, check out the website of Friends of Gray's Harbor. This website also calls attention to a planned development in wetlands, very close to the beach at Westport. Links to several other information sources on beach erosion in Washington are provided.
↑ Brian Voigt, Washington Department of Natural Resources, personal communication. November 2001.
↑ Doug Canning, WDOE. Surfrider 2003 State of the Beach survey response.
Retrieved from "https://beachapedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_of_the_Beach/State_Reports/WA/Shoreline_Structures&oldid=42318"


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Central government, Children, Education
DfE to change exclusions' policy
Will Hatchett
The Department for Education has announced an overhaul of schools' policies on permanently excluding pupils in response to a damning report.
Announcing that all 30 recommendations of the Timpson review had been accepted today, education secretary Damian Hinds said that exclusion should only be used as a "last resort" and announced a clamp-down on 'off-rolling' - the practice of removing children from the school register without a formal exclusion.
The review - commissioned from former MP and children's minister Edward Timpson - highlighted wide variation in exclusions practice between different schools, local authorities and groups of children.
It found that 0.2% of schools had expelled more than ten pupils in the same year and that children from certain minority ethnic groups were disproportionately affected.
More than three-quarters of permanent exclusions were issued to children with special educational needs, or those who were eligible for free school meals. Bangladeshi and Indian pupils had lower rates of exclusion than white British pupils. But ethnic groups, such as black Caribbean and mixed white and black Caribbean pupils, experienced higher rates.
Children on a 'children in need plan' were four times more likely to be permanently excluded than those with no social care classification. Those who a child protection plan were around 3.5 times more likely and looked after children 2.3 times as likely.
In his response, Hinds announced reform to commissioning and funding arrangements for alternative provision for excluded pupils, including the use of isolation units and arrangements for those with special educational needs. He also announced new guidance on the circumstances in which exclusions should be used.
He said that a new Ofsted framework would contribute to reducing off-rolling. School heads, governing bodies and directors of children's services would be encouraged to share data, with reference to certain ethnic groups, special educational needs and children who had a social worker. He said the government had committed £10m to help teachers crack down on poor classroom behaviour.
He commented: "Exclusion should not be considered the end point for any child; it has to be the start of something new and positive – with alternative provision offering smaller class sizes and tailored support. I want schools to be accountable for the pupils they exclude. This will help the most vulnerable children in our society to fulfil their potential."
The Timpson review was commissioned in response the first findings of the Race Disparity Audit commissioned by the prime minister in 2016 to analyse the role of ethnicity in relation to health, education, employment and the criminal justice system. The audit is set to be regularly updated.
Welcoming the government's response, Timpson CBE said: "No parent sends their child off to school believing they will end up being excluded but when this does happen we all need to be confident we have a well-functioning system that makes sure no child slips through the net."
Kevin Courtney, joint general secretary of the National Education Union, acknowledged that the rising rate of permanent exclusions and the growing incidence of 'off rolling' had been a concern for the education profession for some time and that the Timpson report has made "some sensible recommendations".
He commented: "We know that the vast majority of schools want only the best for all their pupils, and the minority who engage in poor practice in relation to exclusions and 'off rolling' are not typical of the majority of schools. However, for those children and families affected, these practices can have a devastating effect."
He said that the government had failed to recognise the core political policy drivers for exclusion – a high-stakes accountability system, the fragmentation of schools into competing units chasing league table positions and the reduction of local authority accountability. He said: "It is extraordinary that it has taken the government so long to catch up."
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


: :      What I want to know is how long do I have?  I read that the law says that they have to tell me by the end of January if they want me out by March 1st.  Is that true?  Do I have any legal ground to delay the inevitable eviction?  I need time to get my taxes, get a job and save enough to move, but I am pretty worried here.  Where I'm living  isn't rent-controlled, BTW.  It's just a small apartment with furnished lights and heat.
: as far as the required notice, you are correct, if they want you out by march 1, they have to give you WRITTEN NOTICE 30 days before that, being that february is a short month, count the days to be sure.
: as far as getting evicted, yes, it will probably happen, and it may take sometime. sometimes only a few weeks, sometimes a few months.
: you'll want to check your lease agreement (if there is one) regarding 'holdover' rent, it may be substantial and change your mind.
: as far as legal grounds to 'stay' the eviction, you may get some time, but don't count on it.


The government looks to adopt the principles of deterrent penalty and fixing accountability on entities followed globally in the proposed data protection law, a top official has said. The data protection law in the works will be applicable on private entity as well as on the government, according to Electronics and IT Secretary Ajay Prakash Sawhney. "Structured way of accountability and deterrent penalty — these are all principles that are enshrined in personal data legislation across the world. We have tried to adopt this as per Indian requirement. I hope to see it becoming reality at the earliest," Sawhney said at the India Data Leadership Summit. "Any kind of legislation on data protection should be technology agnostic. It should be holistic — law and requirement should not just be applicable to the private sector but also to government when they make use of data," Sawhney said.
He said that India is looking to adopt data protection principles followed world over and will adopt them to suit requirement of the country. The Europe Union's Global Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has provision to impose an administrative fine of up to EUR 20 million euro (about Rs 160 crore) for specific violations or in the case of an undertaking, up to 4 percent of the total worldwide turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher.
The proposed data protection framework in India recommends a penalty based on per day violation and linking the upper limit to global revenue of the entity controlling data but has not specified any amount or percentage. The work on the data protection framework in the country started after the Supreme Court ruled that privacy is fundamental right of Indian citizen and asked the government to frame rules around it.
The government established a panel under former Supreme Court judge Justice BN Srikrishna which submitted its recommendations to the Ministry of Electronics and IT (Meity). Meity held public consultation on the data protection framework based on recommendations made by Justice Srikrishna panel. "We have received a large number of suggestions and comments on the proposed legislation. We will be coming out with something which we can take to Parliament hopefully by the end of this year," Sawhney said.
He said that "informed consent" is considered extremely important part of personal data regimes all over the world and so is the case in proposed legislation in India. Sawhney said data legislations across the world mandate that entities should take consent and use the data for the purpose they have been taken for and within the period for which the data has been collected.
"Simply because data is available, simply because you have created an engine that is generating humongous amount of data doesn't mean that you become owner of data. Some data may not be generated by an individual but still may traced down to a person. The new data regime which will actually comes in thinks of it as data entrusted to a data fiduciary," Sawhney said.
He said that Justice Srikrishna committee has used the term of data trustee or fiduciary which is an entity entrusted with data of individuals and is expected to do the right thing using data and not trample upon their rights and privacy. Talking about data localisation, Sawhney said Indian citizens have the right to data privacy and can approach high courts or Supreme Court for their rights to be protected.
"Against whom do you file your petition? You file it against government because you expect that government is bound to protect your right. Government can protect your right only when it has some leeway to protect your rights. If all of that data resides somewhere else, it is controlled somewhere else, it is used somewhere else with no controls at all. Who do you go to when it comes to data privacy?". He said that to make right to privacy meaningful government need to come up with ecosystem where there is possibility of protecting rights of Indian citizens and everyone should have recourse to protection that law can provide.


I write about my experiences as a Team Canada wrestler travelling the world to train and compete. You can expect to read updates on my training and results, how to eat and train like an athlete, and so much more!
Okay, it may be too late for you to learn how to wrestle and get yourself into the competitive shape that is required to compete at that level. BUT! It's not too late for you to get involved. There are a couple great ways to get involved in sport that don't require painstaking hours of training and physical prowess – officiating and coaching!!
Battling back from injury is probably the most universal athlete experience. What athlete, regardless of sport, location, ability level, age, or gender, hasn't suffered at least a minor setback because of a physical ailment? Still, there's something about it that can feel so isolating. This may be exacerbated because I'm both an individual sport athlete and because of the timing of the injury, it's our post-nationals lull after all. Despite knowing this, I feel like it should somehow feel different.
YogaGrow is a beautiful yoga studio downtown Fredericton, New Brunswick. The space is warm and filled with light, with exposed brick walls, and an inviting atmosphere that is relaxing and comforting. It is the perfect space to practice yoga. On top of that, owner and instructor Amy Murphy is full of knowledge and passion. She creates balanced, fulfilling, challenging, and thoughtful sequences and no two classes are the same! Climb the stairs up to the second floor studio and you are greeted with a welcoming smile and enthusiasm for the upcoming class.


text:
Q: Howto set the UDP source address on Windows There seems to be no portable way to set the source IP for sending UDP datagrams from sockets bound to INADDR_ANY, but at least on Linux and FreeBSD it can be done using sendmsg() and the IP_PKTINFO (Linux) or IP_SENDSRCADDR (FreeBSD) option. (See this question.)
Is there an equivalent option to set the UDP source IP on Windows ?

A: From MSDN:

WSASendMsg function
[...]
On an IPv4 socket of type SOCK_DGRAM or SOCK_RAW, an application can specific the local IP source address to use for sending with the WSASendMsg function. One of the control data objects passed in the WSAMSG structure to the WSASendMsg function may contain an in_pktinfo structure used to specify the local IPv4 source address to use for sending.

The same applies to an IPv6 socket with the in6_pktinfo structure.
For dual-mode sockets, it is important that an IPv4 source address is not specified as an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address in the in6_pktinfo, but as an IPv4 address in the in_pktinfo structure.

Example:
union {
    char in[WSA_CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in_pktinfo))];
    char in6[WSA_CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo))];
} cdata;

WSAMSG msg;
memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
msg.name = &remote_sysaddr.addr.generic;
msg.namelen = remote_sysaddr.len;
msg.lpBuffers = &buf;
msg.dwBufferCount = 1;
msg.Control.buf = (char *)&cdata;
msg.Control.len = sizeof(cdata);

int sum = 0;

WSACMSGHDR *cmsg = WSA_CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);

...
    memset(cmsg, 0, WSA_CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in_pktinfo)));
    cmsg->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IP;
    cmsg->cmsg_type = IP_PKTINFO;
    cmsg->cmsg_len = WSA_CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in_pktinfo));
    struct in_pktinfo *pktinfo = (struct in_pktinfo *)WSA_CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
    pktinfo->ipi_addr.s_addr = local_addr->ipv4;
    sum += WSA_CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in_pktinfo));
...

msg.Control.len = sum;

if (bs->WSASendMsg(bs->socket, &msg, 0, &bytes, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
    ...

A: I think this is it.

UdpClient Constructor (IPEndPoint)
This constructor creates a new UdpClient and binds it to the IPEndPoint specified by the localEP parameter. Before you call this constructor, you must create an IPEndPoint using the IP address and port number from which you intend to send and receive data. You do not need to specify a local IP address and port number for sending and receiving data. If you do not, the underlying service provider will assign the most appropriate local IP address and port number.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Wishing our Pawsome Customers a fun and safe Halloween.
Please place your Halloween orders in by 10/25/17.
Free gift with purchase on all online orders until 10/31/17 or supplies last.
We will be at the Dana Point Farmers Market Saturday Oct 28th (9am to 1pm) and we will be celebrating "customer appreciation day" by giving a Free gift with purchase. Remember if you want to buy a collar, costume etc and you don't bring your dog to the market make sure to measure your pets neck, chest and know the approx weight of your dog. Thank you!
Little Paws Pet Boutique is celebrating its 4th Year Anniversary on 09/09/2017.
For the whole month of September we are offering you 15% off your entire online purchase and a Free Gift (while supplies last). We are looking forward to the upcoming holidays and we are busy ordering new holiday products, applying for new holiday vendor events and will be announcing a Facebook giveaway contest soon.
If you are not on our Facebook Social Media Page please "like" our Facebook page by going to our website and clicking on the social media pop up. This way you can enter into the free giveaway contest. Once the contest is up all you have to do is "like" the post and follow the directions posted for the contest. At the end of the contest a random generator will pick the winner and the prize package will be mailed to the winner.
Little Paws Pet Boutique was started by a dream of always having a passion for animals and the mindset to make a difference and give back. We continue this dream and we thank you for making this possible.
We hope you and your Little Paw are enjoying your summer. Here are some summer safety tips for your pets.
1. Never leave your dog in a parked car. On an 85-degree day the temperature can go up 20-degrees within 10 minutes even with the car parked in the shade and with the window cracked open. Please leave your dog at home, or go places where he/she can come with you.
Thanks for being "Pawsome" Customers!
Enjoy 15% off your entire online purchase from 06/28/2017 to 07/06/2017.
"Join us at the 23rd Annual DAWG Walk & Pet Faire to benefit the stray, injured, ill and neglected animals that arrive at the Mission Viejo Shelter! Bring your dogs and walk the Oso Creek Trail, go head to head in Pet Contests, try your hand (or paw) at the Raffles, visit numerous animals for adoption, pet vendors, vets and rescues, watch the Disc Dogs perform, Sheriff Deputies on horseback, and more! Fun for the whole family and dogs, too! Free entry to the Faire. It's our biggest fundraiser of the year and all proceeds go to helping the animals!"
Please click on the link below to see more information about this event.
Little Paws Pet Boutique will have a selection of new items as well as best sellers for you to see and purchase at special event prices. Come and say "Hello" to Gidget, Little Paws Pet Boutiques Chief Dog Officer and Model. See you there!
Helpful Tip: If you are planning to buy a dog collar or dog apparel and you are not bringing your dog to the event.... please make sure to have your dogs neck/chest/length measurements handy and know the approx weight of your dog. Thank you.
06/15 Update: The sun will be out on Saturday so the Dawg Group informed us that events will be moved up 15 minutes to beat the heat and that plenty of water bowls will be provided. We will be selling a selection of our Pawz dog boots, Playa Pup dog visors, cool mesh harnesses, cool pup mats, toys and portable water bowls.
Enjoy 15% off your entire online purchase from 05/25/2017 to 05/31/2017.
Earth Day is an annual event, celebrated on April 22, on which day events worldwide are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It was first celebrated in 1970, and is now coordinated globally and celebrated in more than 193 countries each year"
At Little Paws Pet Boutique we believe all of us should all try to Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Restore and Replenish for a Happier Earth not only on this day but all year around. We continue the search for eco-friendly, reusable, recyclable and made in the U.S.A. pet products.
To celebrate Earth Day we are offering you a special discount of $5 off your next online purchase of $25 or more on all of our products. Discount starts April 20, 2017 until April 25, 2017.
1. Adopt a puppy from your local shelter or dog rescue.
2. Donate money, food and/or toys to your local animal shelter.
3. Sign up to volunteer at your local animal shelter.
4. Buy your puppy a new puppy toy.
5. Take your puppy for a nice walk.
6. Buy your puppy a cute new outfit, collar and leash.
7. Make sure to puppy-proof your home and yard.
8. Pamper your puppy by purchasing all natural pet bath products.
9. Teach your puppy fun new tricks (sit, stay, beg, shake a paw).
10. Hire a professional photographer to take pictures of your puppy.
11. Post pictures of your puppy on social media.
Save the date! Little Paws Pet Boutique will have a booth set up at The 2017 Whales and Tails Wag-A-Thon Festival of Whales Street Fair and Parade this Saturday March 4th from 10am to 3pm.
Everybody's favorite - Pet Costume Contest with prizes!
Stop by the PPF booth at the Street Fair for a chance to win some great prizes.
All proceeds benefit the homeless and abandoned animals at the San Clemente-Dana Point Animal Shelter.
Dogs on leash welcome and encouraged"
Now through Feb 14th 2017.
Check out some Pawsome gift ideas for your pet below.


Sky has reported operating profit of £601m for the six months to the 31 December - with more than 4m subscribers now signed up to HD TV.
The broadcaster generated revenues of £3.36bn for the second half of 2011, up by 6% on the same period the previous year. Operating profit grew 16% from £520m in 2H10.
Sky now generates a record average of £544 per year from its 10.4m customers, up from £536 over the same period in 2010. The number of HD customers has grown by 138,000 from 3.4m homes while the number of net household additions grew by 100,000.
Triple play subscribers, who buy TV, broadband and telephony from Sky was up 26% year-on-year, to 3m while churn remains flat at 9.6%.
Sky will also launch its outdoor wifi service in April, which will enable Sky Broadband Unlimited subscribers to access the internet for free via 10,000 hotspots.
Following its injection of funds into entertainment content, Sky claimed viewing of these channels in Sky homes grew by 21% year-on-year, with further investment planned.
Total programming costs were up 5% to £1.1bn over the six month period, with entertainment investment accounting for £37m of the increase while sports and movies spend remained flat.
Sky's chief executive Jeremy Darroch [pictured] said the business was braced for a tough year ahead.
"No consumer business can be immune to these conditions and we will manage any short-term headwinds as they emerge. Staying focused on the long-term opportunity, we've got a strong set of plans to keep delivering for customers and shareholders," he said.


The Kitchen islands that are getting to be most popular now are those which Offer not only counter space, but also storage areas and a terrific counter Top surface that permits one to swell, to cookor to rollout a pie With equal simplicity and clean up quickly and easily. A few of the newer kinds Of kitchen island really are on wheels to readily put them where you want them, While othersare usually people who are paired with power, are stationary.
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building a kitchen island with seating. In today's modern kitchen island, there are some added attributes That will be found such as a sink, a burner stove top, as well as space For seats structures throughout the staircase.


text:
Columnist: Lockout "could not have come at a better time for Burke"
By Jason BroughNov 29, 2012, 3:56 PM EST
Four years ago today, Brian Burke was named president and GM of the Toronto Maple Leafs.
Suffice to say, things have not gone as planned.
With Burke in charge, the Leafs have failed to make the playoffs and are still without many of the aspects they were lacking before his much-ballyhooed arrival – most notably, a No. 1 center, reliable goaltending and, perhaps most galling, "proper levels of pugnacity, testosterone, truculence and belligerence."
With that in mind, the National Post's Michael Traikos argues that the NHL lockout "could not have come at a better time for Burke."
The longer it goes, the more time he buys. Prospects such as Morgan Rielly, Tyler Biggs and Stuart Percy might be one step closer to being NHL-ready. And salary-cap dead weights such as Tim Connolly (US$4.75-million) and Matthew Lombardi (US$3.5-million) would come off the books.
At the same time, Joffrey Lupul and Clarke MacArthur would also be free agents, but maybe that is not such a bad thing. Maybe the Leafs try to re-sign Lupul for less than his current US$4.25-million salary. And with another year in the minors under their belts, maybe Matt Frattin or Nazem Kadri simply takes MacArthur's spot on the second line.
Or maybe Burke takes a look at what's available in free agency. Last year's crop of free agents were limited, but with teams unable to talk to their players during a lockout, there potentially could be more names on the market in 2013.
Would Anaheim's Ryan Getzlaf and Corey Perry reunite with Burke and head coach Randy Carlyle in Toronto? Would the Leafs take a run at Boston's Nathan Horton, New Jersey's Travis Zajac, San Jose's Ryan Clowe or Florida's Stephen Weiss?
Another summer also means Burke has another opportunity to hammer out a trade for Vancouver Canucks goaltender Roberto Luongo. Or maybe Burke signs free agent Tim Thomas, Niklas Backstrom or Mike Smith.
Many observers believe Burke will be fired if the Leafs miss the playoffs for a fifth straight time under his watch. And hey, you can't be blamed for missing the playoffs if there aren't any.
By that logic, Burke may indeed have a better shot of keeping his job if the NHL were to cancel the entire season.
Which somehow seems wrong.


What kind of retreat would you like?
I don't have specific dates yet.
without having to slave away or stress out about it.
It would feel pretty damn good right?
That's what we're here to help you do.
Our vision is to help spread yoga, meditation and wellness to every single person on this planet. And for that to happen we're all going to have to work together for a common purpose.
We want you to be a part of this movement.
We want you to be a crucial part of this vision.
So how are we going to make that happen?
By bringing together you guys, those offering retreats, and those who are actively searching for them. We build bridges.
Bridges from them to you, so the passing is smooth.
We believe that to help, first we must listen. Only then do we know enough to actually help in any situation.
Caring individuals that want to help your business thrive. More customers, easier life.
We take the complication out of the payment process. We bring you, customers, take the deposit, and let you keep the rest.
We've got your back with fast support and insights on running a successful retreat offering.
It's hard when you offer great retreats.
We are constantly talking with you guys, and do something that we believe in deeply: listening.
Get overwhelmed and have valuable enquiries slip through the cracks.
We're here to ease the load. To take some of the stress of managing retreats of your shoulders.
That way you can focus more on why you started doing this in the first place: to help spread human wellbeing.
So what do I get when I work with you?
People who give value to your job and you, not just your pocket.
People who genuinely care about you and what you're offering to the world.
Once we bring you a customer who purchases a retreat, there is a standard commission.
If they pay through you directly, we'll send an invoice for the standard 14% commission.
If they pay through us, we get a 14% commission and we cover the payment processing fee on the deposit. There is a small payout fee when we send you the money.
To put it simply, we go out and get you customers. Then we put money right into your account.
We process payments on an airtight and secure platform that ensures you can leave the stress of payments behind you.
"Ron and Sean at BookRetreats have an extremely rare combination: they've got authentic yoga in their blood, and internet marketing in their DNA. They are simply damn good at what they do. If you get a chance to work with them, jump on it."
We're committed to helping you thrive as a retreat owner. We're here to support you whether you are a solo operator or a large retreat center.
Reach out via email at [email protected] or phone at 1 (415) 707-0547 whenever you have a question. We love talking to you. We see it as true collaboration.
Learn methods, tools, and knowledge that will boost your business and simply make life easier. Check out our family blog for insights and effective tips.
How do fees work on BookRetreats?
Adding a retreat on BookRetreats.com is 100% free. We only get paid if you get paid, so there is no risk involved.
There are two basic fees if someone pays for a retreat through our system: commission and payment processing.
Once we help you get a customer that buys a retreat and pays through our system, we keep a standard 14% commission on the listed retreat price.
In these cases, we take on the standard 3% payment processing fee on any payments that are processed through our system. This is a processing fee that all processors like Visa, Mastercard, and Paypal apply to purchases.
That means you can actually end up saving money on payment processing fees for the initial deposit. Then there is a bank transfer/paypal payout processing fee which will be deducted from the amount we transfer over to you.
All the rest goes directly into your account.
If someone comes through our system but pays you directly, we will simply send you an invoice for the 14% commission.
We allow you to set your desired deposit amount for your retreat, with the minimum being 14%. This strikes a great balance between increasing sales, and still ensuring committed students.
Our commission is kept from the deposit, and the remaining balance is paid directly to you.
Please note that we send payments once a minimum balance of US $30 is reached. This saves transfer fees for you. If you'd like to receive your payout earlier, please contact our support team.
Once someone books a retreat, we hold the money in escrow until they arrive at your retreat center. We'll then pay it out into your account. We do payments twice a month, on the 1st and 15th.
We find this is the best way to ensure a fair and honest transaction for both sides.
When signing up, you can choose from a few different options to receive payouts including wire transfer, bank transfer and PayPal. Each one has different fees associated with it, so make sure to choose with that understanding in mind.
Overall, we try to take away the stress and complication of dealing with payments.
Can I talk directly with people who enquire?
Yep. When someone enquires or books your retreat, you'll get a notification directly in your inbox. You can reply right from there...nice and convenient.
You also have the option of communicating inside your admin dashboard if you like.
Can I control my own listing?
We know how important it is to control how you and your retreat is presented.
We'll approve it once it's submitted to make sure it's got all the elements of an optimized listing.
Is this whole retreat thing worth it?
YES! You're doing the world such a wonderful service.
We give you a big hug and a deep bow for helping making this opportunity a reality for people.
Got more questions you want answered?
Ready to add your retreat?
receive money right into your bank account. Start today.
Enter your e-mail address associated with your account on BookRetreats, and we will send you a link to change your password.
I'd like to receive cool yoga and meditation inspiration.


text:
Nova New Opportunities
'Communities, which included the greatest number of the most sympathetic members, would flourish best.' –(Darwin 1871, 130)
Welcome to Nova. We are a small, diverse charity with a big reach and novel approach to social change.
Since 1983, we have been offering grassroots support to our local community. We pride ourselves on the positive impact our learning programmes have had on people's lives. But we don't stop there. Our mission is to challenge and expose structural inequality, because we believe the UK has the potential to grow into the most socially cohesive and inclusive society in the world. This vision is already alive; Nova is a microcosm of such a society. Our team – leadership, staff, volunteers and participants – is inclusive, dynamic and open-minded, and reflects the communities we work with.
Our Visionary funders don't just donate, they now connect with our roots community on an equal platform, learning from each other. By working together, we can build a world that is better for everyone.
Regardless of background or status, we create opportunities for people to learn, grow and experience new perspectives. At our regular dialogue events, we share our insights and lived experiences to highlight systemic injustice and work towards a brighter future together.
"Nova is about community, people, hope and opportunity." (Nova participant, 2018)
Click here for our YouTube video
2 Thorpe Close,
W10 5XL
admin@novanew.org.uk
http://www.novanew.org.uk
Charity number


Last year Netonnet released "Lager than life" together with Backstreet Boys.
This year a bunch of artists gather in the warehouse to make their own interpretation of the song. We offer music, emotions and activities featuring Dr.Alban, Anna Book, Hasse "Kvinnaböske" Andersson and Brian from the Backstreet Boys. First out, Dr.Alban!


Start Trading Right Now. SignUp Your Account with us and find free $10000 Demo Balance in your account.
Billions are traded in foreign exchange on a daily basis. Whether you are an experienced trader or an absolute beginner, finding a profitable forex day trading strategy or system is complex. So learn the fundamentals before choosing the best path for you.
With this introduction, you will learn the general forex trading tips and strategies applicable to currency trading. It will also highlight potential pitfalls and useful indicators to ensure you know the facts. Lastly, use the broker list to compare the best forex brokers for day trading in Nepal 2018.
In the forex market there is an average volume of over $3.2 trillion dollars traded per day. So, there is an abundance of trades and moves you can make.
Firstly, you have the pairs stemming from the eight major global currencies. On top of that, many regional currency pairings are also available for trade. More options, more opportunities to turn a profit.
The forex market is readily accessible, open twenty-four hours a day, five days a week. As a result, you decide when to trade and how to trade.
A significant amount of forex currency pairings are traded on margin. This is because leverage can be used to help you both buy and sell large quantities of currency. The greater the quantity, the greater the potential profit margin.
Forex offer relatively low costs and fees compared to other markets. In fact, some firms don't charge any commission at all, you pay just the bid/ask spreads.
Start trade right now with $10000 Demo balance on your IQ Option account .
A free Dep Trading demo account is a fantastic way to gain experience with zero risk.
The foreign exchange currency market is the world's most popular and liquid.
Physical stocks in individual companies, regular and Leveraged ETFs (an "Exchange Traded Fund" holds multiple stocks or commodities and is traded like a single stock), futures, and stock options.
The two most popular currently are Bitcoin and Ethereum.
The financial vehicle of the moment. Spectacular growth has seen cryptos attract many new investors. Brokers are also ensuring retail access to these markets is less complicated. Taking a view on any of these new blockchain based currencies is being simplified all the time. Barriers to entry are now almost nil, so whether you are a bull or a bear, now is the time.
The simplest and most predictable method, as the timing and return on a successful trade are known in advance.
Regulatory changes are pending, and with the sector maturing, these products are now offered by big established brands. The only question for you is – will the asset rise in value, or not? With the downside limited to the size of the trade, and the potential payout known in advanced, understanding binaries is not difficult. They offer a different method of trading, and can play a part in any day trader's daily portfolio.
A demo account is a kind of trading simulator, or practice account, that allows you to practice day trading with a wide range of financial instruments, from stocks, futures, and options to CFDs and cryptocurrency. Demo accounts are funded with simulated money, allowing you to gain trading experience without risking real capital. This allows you to craft strategies and build confidence while getting familiar with market conditions. In addition, it's an effective way to test drive a potential broker and software.


text:
Last edited by Kegore
Saturday, December 5, 2020 | History
2 edition of Adams family. found in the catalog.
Adams family.
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Adams family. by James Truslow Adams Download PDF EPUB FB2
The Addams Family: An Evilution is the first book to trace The Addams Family history, presenting more than cartoons created by Charles Addams (American, ) throughout his prolific career; many have never been published before.
Text by H. Kevin Miserocchi, director of the Tee and Charles Addams Foundation, offers a revealing /5(). The Addams Family: An Evilution is the first book to trace The Addams Family history, presenting more than cartoons created by Charles Addams (American, ) throughout his prolific career; many have never been published before/5.
The Addams Family: An Evilution by Charles Addams. Did you scroll all this way to get facts about addams family Adams family. book. Well you're in luck, because here they come. There are addams family book for sale on Etsy, and they cost $ on average.
The most common addams family book material is glass. The most popular color. You guessed it: black. This book was a very insightful read into one of the families who has had a huge impact on this nation. J.T. Adams was an easy to understand and intelligent author who really had a mastery of his subjects and was able to move between the four generations with ease/5.
This gift book is perfect for fans of all ages and includes quotes from Edgar Allan Poe, Shakespeare, Mary Shelley, and more. There's no doubt that Wednesday's Library is sure to be a favorite of girls everywhere. The Addams Family aren't your typical American family/5().
History of the Adams Family: With Biographical Sketches of Distinguished Descendants of the by Henry Whittemore. Google Book from the collections of University of Wisconsin - Madison Language English. Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Wisconsin - Madison and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Notes. The result was The Addams Family by Jack Sharkey. Sharkey was a hack in the very best meaning of the word: he cranked out dozens of books in all genres over the years,** and is clearly at home with the macabre comedy of Addams.
The book is often described as a novel, but it's really just a collection of short stories. And they're all hilarious.
The book follows the frightening family through various activities and adventures and shows how unaware they are of the fact that other people view them as so bizarre.
The thing I appreciated the most of Adams family. book book was when Adams family. book the end there was a homage to the original creator of The Addams Family, American cartoonist Charles Addams/5(10).
Series list: Adams Family (31 Books) by Mary Jane Staples. A sortable list in reading order and chronological order with publication date, genre, and rating. This family tree details nine generations of the Adams family, including both the ancestors and descendants of John and Abigail Adams.
It is not comprehensive; some individuals have been excluded in order to streamline the tree for easier viewing. Books involving The Addams Family include a variety of publications. The original Charles Addams cartoons first appeared in The New Yorker magazine, and these were collected in various books.
After making their way to television, the characters made their way into novels and comic books, and other books chronicled the productions. - Explore Levon Baker's board "Vintage Addams Family Books" on Pinterest.
See more ideas about Addams family, Charles addams, Family books pins. A Family Affair: (The Adams Family: 5): The perfect uplifting, funny and feel good Cockney saga to settle down with by Mary Jane Staples Ratings 3 Reviews published 6 editionsAuthor: Mary Jane Staples.
Chas Addams was the creator of the "Addams Family" cartoons, which first appeared in The New Yorker and were the inspiration for the popular The Addams Family television show and movies.
He has been honored with the Yale Humor Award () and a Special Edgar Award for "Cartoonist of the Macabre" from the Mystery Writers of America/5(56). Addams Family book.
Read 8 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. While searching the Addams library for the creepiest grimoire, Wednesd /5.
The Addams Family – A Coloring Book () InOhio's Saalfield Publishing Company () The Addams Family – A Coloring Book. Based on the ABC-TV TV series ( to ), the book features Charles Addams' (January 7, – Septem ) family relaxing in their impressive home. Shop for The Addams Family Books in Books.
Buy products such as I Can Read Level 2: The Addams Family: Meet the Family (Paperback) at Walmart and save. The Addams Family: An Evilution is the first book to trace The Addams Family history, presenting more than cartoons created by Charles Addams (American, ) throughout his prolific career; many have never been published before.
Text by H. Kevin Miserocchi, director of the Tee and Charles Addams Foundation, offers a revealing ISBN: The Clerkenwell crime syndicate, also known as the Adams Family or the A-Team, is a criminal organisation, allegedly one of the most powerful in the United Kingdom. Media reports have credited them with wealth of up to £ million.
Background. Clerkenwell. During the s Terence "Terry" George Adams formed a syndicate with his brothers. The Addams Family is more of a junior novel that a full novelisation, but it still manages to help fill in little gaps in the movie.
It also stands pretty well as a book in its own right. As we know, the story follows the return of "Fester" to the family, after 25 years away, except he may not really be "Fester" after all /5. From the film "The Addams Family" Limitations on Exclusive Rights - Fair Use:Notwithstanding the provisions of sections and A, the fair use.
Created by David Levy. With John Astin, Carolyn Jones, Jackie Coogan, Ted Cassidy. The misadventures of a blissfully macabre but extremely loving family. They're creepy and they're kooky, mysterious and spooky, so dance along and get all ooky with the Addams Family.
Create a free account on now an. Yes, the Addams Family may have a monstrous manservant and a severed hand for a pet and a high-pitched mop of a cousin, but today I'd like to turn your attention to the fact that they're also a bunch of book lovers—just like you and me. The Addams Family: The Art of the Animated Movie book begins with two separate forewords written by co-director and producer Conrad Vernon (Madagascar 3, Monsters vs.
Aliens and Shrek 2) and co-director Greg Tiernan (Thomas and Friends) followed by an introduction covering the origins of The Addams Family and some creative considerations in tone, humour and adaptation relating to the.
"I was ready to revisit The Addams Family again anyway, but by reading this extraordinary book, my visit cannot come soon enough". Ok, I admit it, I can't get the classic theme tune out of my head now.
Most people are aware of The Addams Family in one way or another. Whether it's from the classic black and white television show (Guilty!), the Barry Sonnenfeld pair of films, the made.
Get Tickets Now - Morticia decides to keep the children home from school after she sees the fairy tales they have to read. The Addams Family steps out of Charles Addams' cartoons.
They live with all of the trappings of the macabre (including a detached hand for a servant) and are quite wealthy. Added to this mix is a crooked accountant and his loan shark and a plot to slip the shark's son into the family as. Family reunions are an ideal time interview older relatives and other Adams family members; you may want to consider a roundtable where you can gather different groups together at different times such as siblings to discuss their parents and childhood memories, cousins, aunts and uncles to discuss the grandparent generation, etc.
- the. Migos KAROL G Snoop Dogg Rock Mafia My Family From "The Addams Family" Original Motion Picture Soundtrack lyrics letra Migos The Addams Family 🌟 Listen, Stre.
More than 80 years ago, cartoonist Charles Addams introduced the world to his skewered look at the American family in the form of the New Yorker single-panel comic strip The Addams Book: Marshall Brickman Book: Rick Elice Music and Lyrics: Andrew Lippa THE ADDAMS FAMILY, a comical feast that embraces the wackiness in every family, features an original story and it's every father's nightmare: Wednesday Addams, the ultimate princess of darkness, has grown up and fallen in love with a sweet, smart young man from a respectable family– a man her parents have never met.
Adams Family law provides skilled and caring legal representation, whether your case goes through traditional litigation or mediation. We are a disciplined and dedicated firm that works efficiently and hard to provide you with the best legal representation.
The Addams Family, that creepy and kooky, mysterious and spooky clan first cooked up in classic The New Yorker cartoons by illustrator Charles Addams, has a fresh CGI feature film adaptation out just in time for ed by Sausage Party helmers Conrad Vernon and Greg Tiernan and starring the voice talents of Oscar Isaac (Star Wars: The Last Jedi), Charlize Theron.
Get Tickets Now - A pair of bank robbers are welcomed as Halloween trick-or-treaters by Morticia and Gomez. The creepy atmosp. ADDAMS FAMILY By Golden Books *Excellent Condition* Item specifics. ISBN Author: Golden Books: Publisher: Golden Books: Release Year: Publication Year: Binding: Paperback: Book is in Very Good Condition.
Text will be unmarked. May show some signs of Seller Rating: % positive. Early History of the Adams family. This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Adams research.
Another words (13 lines of text) covering the years,,,, and are included under the topic Early Adams History in all our PDF. Gomez and Morticia Addams move to a derelict asylum in New Jersey, surrounded by a marsh and hidden by a fog at the top of a mountain, to raise a family.
Thirteen years later, Gomez is teaching his son Pugsley the saber tradition of the Addams family while Wednesday is questioning her mother about the world outside the mansion gate.
The Addams Family: The Story of the Movie (Addams Family Movie) Calliope Glass. out of 5 stars Paperback. £ The Addams Family: Wednesday's Library Calliope Glass.
out of 5 stars Hardcover. £ Smiffys Gothic School Girl Costume, Black, with Dress and Wig, Large, yearsReviews: 6. The Addams Family is a musical comedy with music and lyrics by Andrew Lippa and book by Marshall Brickman and Rick show is based upon The Addams Family characters created by Charles Addams in his single-panel gag cartoons, which depict a ghoulish American family with an affinity for all things macabre.
Although numerous film and television adaptations of Addams' cartoons exist, the. Directed by Sidney Lanfield. With Carolyn Jones, John Astin, Jackie Coogan, Ted Cassidy. Appalled by the children's school reading assignments, Morticia throws herself into the task of writing proper stories for children, Addams-style of course, but Gomez fears success will take her away.
Though it pains him to tamper with obvious masterpieces such as The Good Giant Slays Sir Lancelot, /10().Book our Adams Family Impersonators to bring some spooky fun to your event. What should I expect?
Our Addams Family impersonators will arrive at least a half hour prior to their start time. They will be decked out in their creepy Adams Family attire and be ready to spook, mingle, and scare your guests in the only way an Adams can.
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Albury/Wodonga residents have been left without a Hydrotherapy pool !
The decision to close the hydro pool @ Albury base hospital was made by the CEO, Mr. Leigh McJames. The closure was sudden and deemed permanent, with out the consultation of the community or the MANY support groups that utilise this important asset.
The J.A.M support group (Joints and Muscles) has used this Hydro pool for almost 10 years. J.A.M support group was told by staff that the pool was closed "for maintenance". After weeks of closure, J.A.M requested a meeting with Mr. McJames. This prompted an EMAIL that described the pool as being "not fit for purpose," despite many years of incident free operation, and that "budget priorities needed to be considered." We also learned that this closure was "Indefinite." We received this information AFTER we requested a meeting on behalf of pool users.
Our Hydro pool is a VITAL public resource for the populace on both sides of the Border. So much so, that this exact hydro pool was booked -solid- Monday to Friday, and beyond business hours at times.
Our Hydro pool is also an invaluable lifeline to the social connections that groups like J.A.M aim to foster. Countless Health departments have spent large amounts of money trying to enable chronic illness sufferers to educate and help themselves -preferably in a drug free manner. We simply CANNOT do that effectively if we are deprived of the essential resources which we need to self manage our health.
The additional support provided to our youngest pool users and our disabled pool users cannot go unmentioned. Our Hydro pool routinely accommodates children and toddlers with Neuromuscular disorders. Briefly, their world is fully accessible and great comfort is experienced in the Hydrotherapy pool. This type of exercise is unique and for so many this is the only safe way to for them to exercise.
J.A.M, as a support group, has always tried to better the facilities we are lucky to have. We have continually purchased exercise equipment, and we have also purchased a water wheel chair- to assist those who want to independently access the pool via a ramp. Finally, We have given a large donation to the hospital, to go towards the purchase of a new mechanical Hoist. A fully accessible hydrotherapy pool is locked up, not helping anyone- and causing a great deal of pain within our community.
We have sought clarification and further communication regarding the future of our pool from Mr. Leigh McJames, and engagement from all levels of Parliament, The lack of understanding regarding the true effect of such an action on some of the most vulnerable people within our society is utterly stunning. We have Breast cancer survivor groups, Arthritis support groups, Pain management groups, Specialised Disability groups and MANY others that NEED & DEPEND ON THIS POOL TO SELF MANAGE OUR HEALTH.
OUR C O M M U N I TY NEEDS THIS POOL !
PLEASE SIGN AND SHARE! WE NEED YOUR SUPPORT!
J.A.M support group Kate Radley needs your help with "Jill Hennessy MP: SAVE THE HYDRO POOL @ ALBURY BASE HOSPITAL". Join J.A.M support group and 422 supporters today.


Rimmed in burnished Pewter Stoneware, our Emerson collection is elegant, rich and warm. This cofftea cup is a morning essential for your favorite cup of coffee or tea.
Accompanying early morning moments spent in quiet, calming solidarity this cup will contain your favorite coffee or tea-ensconcing it in an organic hue drawn from mother nature.


In January it was predicted that 2017 would bring along a 5% increase in salaries in the Property and Construction industry, however, this prediction has not materialised and salary remuneration packages have plateaued following 2016. This has resulted from the market being overly saturated with candidates, the majority being in the development and interior design sectors.
As a result, the industry has experienced a slight decline in hiring trends, more specifically in construction jobs. This trend has also been fuelled by the vast number of projects which are currently being tendered for. Once these contracts are awarded one can expect a significant increase in hiring in the industry. The most substantial development in the industry has been the change in focus from building operations teams to commercial teams.
This has resulted in an increase in the volume of commercial and sales jobs in the industry as companies are seeking to build high performing sales and commercial teams. There has also been a shift in demand from luxury developments toward more affordable, 3- star developments in the UAE. As a result, lower-end developments are expected to provide promising market opportunities for developers in 2017.


The following blog post was written by Allison Cohen, Director of Communications and External Affairs.
When I first started working at Borough Hall, I was told that one of my responsibilities was to help run the Sunset Summer Concert Series. In addition to helping with pre-show planning, I'd have to attend them as well, which meant giving up nearly all of my summer Thursday nights.
I'm happy to admit that I was 100% wrong. From the very first concert I attended, I realized that these bands and singers were actually good—in some cases even terrific.
I stopped dreading Thursdays nights and started looking forward to them. Every Thursday after we've set up the show, I unfurl my picnic blanket, lie down in the grass, and relax to some great tunes. It's the perfect outlet for me to unwind from the stresses of work and life in general.
The music itself ranges from classic rock to jazz to big band to punk. And of course, we have our special doo wop show featuring Vito Picone and the Elegants, so there's truly something for every music lover.
I've become a big fan of some of our recurring acts and have gone out of my way to see several of them perform at other venues. I recently paid a lot of money to see Charlie Romo and the Barry Levitt Trio perform at Lorenzo's (you can catch them for free on June 29th at Fort Wadsworth). Whenever Cause and the Effects plays a local bar, you can usually find me dancing right up front (they are closing our series at Wolfe's Pond Park on August 24th).
We are lucky to have so much talent on Staten Island—and even luckier that these artists are willing to donate their talents to entertain us. So this summer, grab a blanket or chair, join us at the park, and enjoy great music performed by some of your talented neighbors. And if you're really nice and friendly, I might even consider letting you share my blanket!
The following blog post was written by Allison Cohen, Deputy Director of Communications.
We've had a couple events with high school seniors in the past few weeks, and at every single one, the students have expressed their anxiety about the entire college process. This has led me to relive my own traumatic memories of getting into college.
Ten years ago, I was a bright-eyed high school senior with my mind set on one thing—Columbia University. I had fallen in love with the school early on in my high school career and done several summer programs on the campus. Columbia was my dream, and everything I did was in pursuit of getting there.
I applied early decision, but was deferred, which means that my application got thrown in with everyone who had applied regular decision, making it even more difficult to get in. Every day, my parents and I would stalk the mailman, hoping that he would deliver a thick envelope telling me that my spot had been secured. Envelope after envelope came from the other schools I applied to—some containing glowing acceptance letters offering me scholarships and others brutally rejecting me. I brushed them off and waited patiently for the most important envelope.
Columbia was the last school I heard back from. Ironically, after all the time I had spent chasing the mailman, my final notification came in an email. It was short and to the point—they didn't want me.
Up until this point in my life, I felt like I had done everything right and been properly rewarded for it. I was the textbook definition of an overachiever: a straight-A student who always did her homework and raised her hand in class. I had never failed a test. In my spare time, I edited the school newspaper, did volunteer work, managed a volleyball team and took drama classes. I never partied, and my parents didn't impose a curfew because they knew I didn't need one. Teachers loved me, and with the exception of several classmates who found me unbearably nerdy, I was pretty popular.
So why had this happened to me? I started to beat myself up over what I could have done differently. Should I have taken a few more AP classes? Learned a fourth language? Built houses for Habitat for Humanity?
Eventually, I came to accept my fate and learn from it. It taught me that you can do everything right and still fail. The best way to deal with this kind of situation is to take your failure and use it to your advantage. Schoolwork had always come easily to me, and it hadn't been that difficult for me to be the top of my class. Now I realized that there was fierce competition out there, and I was going to have to up my game in order to compete. And as a bonus, I found that once you've felt the pain of losing something you really wanted, your next success becomes even sweeter.
Failure taught me to be flexible and have a backup plan. Life does not always go according to your plan, and this is a good lesson to learn early. Sometimes you get thrown a curveball, but the best thing you can do is what I did: pick yourself up, dust yourself off and figure out the alternate route to where you want to end up.
So to any senior out there who didn't get into your first choice school, don't worry. You may end up at your second or third or even fourth choice, but ultimately, it doesn't matter. It's not where you go, but what you do when you get there that will define you. You will have so many opportunities to prove yourself once you get to college that soon you will stop being upset about the past and start figuring out your future. As a kid, you often get so bogged down with getting into college that you forget that it's just a stepping stone to the rest of your life. Trust me—college is not the end goal, it's just the beginning.
I ended up at my third choice school (Vassar), which led me down the path to where I am now—in a really good place personally and professionally. There were more bumps and failures along the way, but they only make my current situation seem that much better. And I know that despite not getting into Columbia, 17-year-old me would be damn proud of where 27-year-old me ended up.
Many Staten Islanders may not know that we have our own piece of the Underground Railroad right here on the South Shore. Sandy Ground, which is located in Woodrow, is the oldest continuously inhabited free black settlement in the United States. Founded in the early 1800s, the community arose from a settlement of free Blacks from New York, Maryland and Delaware. By harvesting oysters and farming, this fledgling community was able to thrive and became a safe haven on the Underground Railroad.
Today, Sandy Ground is home to 10 families that are descendants of the property's original settlers. The Sandy Ground Historical Society Library Museum is the largest collection of African-American culture and history on the Island. Members of the historical society preserve material related to the historic town, as well as letters, photographs, film, art, rare books and other archaeological artifacts. The museum educates the public about black history through lecture series, school programs and festivals.
The idea for the museum's most recent exhibit actually originated at Borough Hall! In 2015, we hosted a traveling exhibit of quilts made by descendants of the original Sandy Ground settlers that depicted their history. Each quilt tells a unique story of a local family and is rooted in the African-American tradition of quilt-making. Due to space constraints, we could only display four quilts at Borough Hall. After receiving an overwhelmingly positive reaction to the exhibit, the Sandy Ground Historical Society decided to continue the idea and put many more quilts on display in their museum.
I say that as a joke, but the truth is that we work on a breadth of issues, ranging from small quality-of-life problems to larger borough-wide issues. For example, over the past year some of the big topics we've worked on include transportation, education, health, substance abuse and economic development. We also have an entire department devoted to dealing with constituent issues like potholes and litter.
Every day, it feels like we're tackling a new and important issue, and with people's increasingly busy schedules, following our office's progress on different issues might get lost in the shuffle. You can keep up with us all year round through our very active Twitter and Facebook pages, but even the most social media-savvy people are likely to miss a few things. That's why we've put together Direct Connect Sunday, an annual open house to showcase all the projects we're working on at Borough Hall. Direct Connect is a great way for you to meet the Borough President, talk to our staff and learn about everything our office is doing to improve life on Staten Island.
This year, we've decided to take Direct Connect Sunday on the road to Mt. Loretto. We hope you'll join us on January 29th from 1:00PM - 4:00PM at the CYO Center at Mt. Loretto, 6451 Hylan Boulevard.
You will get a chance to learn about all the things we're working on at Borough Hall. We'll have displays on all the issues that we're tackling, big and small, as well as the BP's plans for the future.
Since we're hosting the event in a larger space, we were able to invite more community organizations and agencies this year. Visitors will be able to meet with over 30 government agencies, nonprofit groups and local attractions to learn about what they are doing on the Island. Sports lovers can visit the Staten Island Sports Hall of Fame, located inside the CYO Center, which will also be open during the event.
We're here to take your questions! Our staff will be on hand to discuss specific issues that you need help solving as well as any borough-wide issues you are concerned about.
Staten Island University Hospital will sponsor a free naloxone training session at 2pm. Naloxone kits will be distributed to all who participate.
There will be other interactive presentations and trainings, including a demonstration of our app, BP Assist, which you can use to submit quality-of-life complaints directly to us.
If you're looking for a quick bite during the event, refreshments will be sold by John's Catering and Cheech-a-Cini's food trucks in the parking lot outside the CYO Center.
Need a ride from the North Shore or Mid-Island? We'll give you a lift!
courtesy of NY Wheel/Empire Outlets and Historic Richmond Town.
To reserve a seat, call Diane Marciuliano at 718-816-2246.


text:
Q: How to get a 64-bit long in both VS 2012 and g++ When I run the g++ compiled version of my program, the correct sum of 18510000000 is returned. When I run the VS 2012 compiled program, 1330130816 is returned. Can anyone explain why this might be and how to fix the code to work with both compilers?
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    long sum = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < 15000000; i++) {
        sum = sum + 1234;
    }
    cout << "sum = " << sum << endl;
    return 0;
}

A: Your VS 2012 is compiling for a 32-bit integer and g++ is compiling for a 64 bit integer. Use an  __int64 or a long long, or whatever type your compiler needs to enforce a 64 bit integer.

A: G++ uses 64-bit long, whereas Visual C++ uses 32-bit long.  Use long long if you want a 64-bit integer on these two compilers.  It may be better to use int64_t if you want to make sure it's 64-bit.

A: If you have cross platform code with dependencies on the size of your types, for example for reading binary file formats or network messages, you can use static_assert to help you. For example,
static_assert(sizeof(sum1)==8 && CHAR_BIT == 8, "64-bit");


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Increasingly, teachers are being asked to work with growing numbers of multilingual and multicultural students in their classrooms. This condition requires that teachers have the ability to operate in a globalized space where exchanges are plurilingual and pluricultural (Kramsch, 2008). Community engagement provides teachers an opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to operate in a globalize space, and, at the same time, engage, in their local communities, and in the global communities represented in their classrooms. To better help teachers successfully work in globalized spaces, a community engagement project was implemented in an online Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) course for graduate students in the TESOL Program at a large public research university in Ohio. The two-fold purpose of the study was: 1) To prepare teachers to be successful in a global society by gaining experience working with multilingual and multicultural learners; 2) To provide teachers the opportunity to apply TESOL theory and methods when working with these learners.
Using Lave and Wenger's (1991) theory of communities of practice as a theoretical foundation, the chapter author created a learning and teaching community in an online TESOL course with the incorporation of the following tasks: 1) threaded group discussions focused on theory and methods of teaching TESOL; 2) group writing assignments; 3) self and peer responses to writing assignments; and 4) a community engagement project. A discussion of the community engagement project and its benefits for teachers in globalized spaces is the focus of the following sections.


Preserving and protecting the SBA's guaranty is the primary goal of SBA lenders. In today's environment of enhanced lender oversight, closing a large volume of SBA loans is not enough — SBA lenders also need to be assured and confident that their SBA guarantees are solid and intact. Unfortunately, the rapid pace of regulatory growth and change makes it increasingly difficult for SBA lenders to ensure that their loans are being closed in a manner that is compliant with all current SBA requirements, rules and regulations. Worse yet, many SBA lenders have experienced staffing cuts and have fewer management resources available to supervise their loan closings. This makes it increasingly likely that compliance issues will be missed that will cause the lender to suffer a repair or denial of the SBA's guaranty.
The attorneys at Starfield & Smith have unsurpassed experience in handling guaranty purchase matters, and they document and close SBA loans for lenders nationwide. This robust experience makes Starfield & Smith uniquely qualified to assess and anticipate any issues that could impact the integrity of your SBA loan guaranty. Our team has performed numerous audits of SBA loan portfolios for a variety of lenders nationwide, assessing the strength of the SBA loan guarantees so that the lenders can take proactive steps to mitigate any deficiencies noted. Additionally, our team provides pre-closing compliance audits as an economical solution for lenders who wish to leverage the experience of Starfield & Smith to address any potential file deficiencies before their loans are closed. Starfield & Smith also provides guaranty integrity audit services to lenders involved in the purchase or sale of SBA loans and loan portfolios. A proactive approach to ensuring that the SBA guaranty is preserved and protected enhances the bottom line by minimizing the risk of future losses due to file deficiencies that were not identified and mitigated in a timely manner. The SBA's guaranty is your most important piece of collateral. Protect it by ensuring that the integrity of the guaranty is rock-solid. Contact us to learn how we can help.


When David Reid Homes Wellington director Tim Sunderland set about designing the latest Kapiti showhome, creating something tailored to the natural landscape was key.
The home is situated at Ferndale, a sustainable lifestyle development.
Taking in 200 degree views of natural wetlands, the home is designed so it works with established native plants and trees on the site, making the most of the sun and amazing views.
The three bedroom home strikes a perfect balance of style and functionality, with open living areas and both covered and uncovered outdoor living areas to cater for the Kiwi lifestyle.
"We designed the master bedroom to capture the views and get the morning sun, and the living room and family area to get as much of the all day sun as it could," Tim says.
The use of textures throughout the house, including band sawn cedar feature walls, add to the warmth of the single-gable home, Tim says.
Set in an area known for its eco-friendly requirements, the new showhome has a Homestar 6 rating.
"The subdivision has some really good design principals and a whole lot of sustainable credentials and standards that have to be met," he says.
Sustainability is becoming a required feature for many of the homes David Reid Homes Wellington is completing, Tim says.
The new showhome is open to view Monday to Friday, and Sunday from 1pm until 3pm, at 2 Kanuka Close, Ferndale, Waikanae.
For more information, you can email David Reid Homes Wellington, or phone them on 04 904 5959.


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