text:
tv NBC 10 News at 6pm NBC August 21, 2014 6:00pm-6:31pm EDT
some rain in lancaster county, rain in southern dell wake not moving much either. remnants can come over the ballpark around 8:00 or so. the chance of thunder with that even later this evening, there's a chance of some showers and thunderstorms, especially south of philadelphia. so, we expect the temperature to be near 80 degrees by 7:00, just a chance of a shower or thunderstorm and lower chances as we get toward 11. for the little league world series, also the chance of some showers, especially near the beginning. talk more about the timing of the rain for tomorrow and if it's gonna clear for the weekend with the 7-day forecast in a few minutes. >> see you then, glenn. you can track tonight's rain and plan ahead for tomorrow with our nbc 10 first alert weather app,
download it, it's free, on nbc10.com. you can get interactive radar and an hour by hour forecast right on your smartphone or tablet. other news tonight, nbc 10 has learned the 5-year-old girl who was abducted from her philadelphia school and assaulted will take the stand to testify against the woman accused of kidnapping her. today in court, prosecutors told the judge they mapped tooty throw he deuce new key evidence when that trial get he is under way monday. >> trying to prove christina regusters act aid loan. lu ann cahn heard the developments play out in court today. >> you found out how prosecutors plan to build their case. >> these right r i saw 21-year-old christina regusters shake her head in court as prosecutors told the jim that they have new evidence that they believe that regusters may have also sexually abused a very young relative in addition to the victim in this case. that is why the judge said he is giving more time to the defense
to prepare and move the trial till monday. prosecutors told jim today they have evidence that this former day care worker not only abducted a 5-year-old from school and sexually abused her, but they now allege christina regusters also inappropriately fondled a 7-year-old female relative, despite objections from regusters' attorney, the jim ruleded the jury will hear that evidence. in addition, prosecutors explain in court they pulled evidence from regusters' personal computer in the bedroom, frequented a site showing sexually graphic car tools of children, showing children sexually abuse. though the car troops disturbing, it is not a crime in pennsylvania and will not be presented to the jury. prosecutors reveal they had believe regusters searched online how to get rid of dna rape evidence and she also searched for the kind of muss garb you see in this surveillance video from january
2013. regusters is charged with abducting her 5-year-old victim from bryant elementary school and wearing a burqa-to-to pose as the child's mother. the girl was found in an upper darby playground 18 hours aft her abduction. regusters main tapes her innocence. she is expected to argue someone else in her home had access to her computer and there were other suspects involved. prosecutors say -- and said today in court the child's injure police so severe, she needed recop strucktive surgery. again shall the now-7-year-old child, victim is expected to testify in court the first week of the trial again, starting on monday. live at the criminal justice center, lu ann cahn, nbc 10 news. nbc 10 has a copy of a letter offering more clues what may have caused the plane that crashed and killed businessman, louis katz.
gulfstream aerocorporation says the pilots didn't follow proper takeoff procedures a fail safe system on the jet play is been overridden. federal investigators say the plane reached 190 miles per hour but never got off the ground, instead it ran off the run way, killing katz and six others. in the leg the company warned pilots not to assume the gust lock device is turned off. the freedom of flight control movement, it said, is the ultimate indicator that the gust lock is fully leased for all gulfstream models. new information tonight at 6:00 about the day care involved in this violent crash on the gray's ferry bridge. nbc 10 has learned the state is now joining the investigation since our report aired last week. jacqueline london joined us live from our digital operations center with what we have uncovered about this investigation. jacqueline? >> reporter: renee, the state department of welfare released a same to nbc 10's lu ann cahn, you saw in that previous story, releasing the is a into lu ann after she made several calls to
their office about this case. lu ann reached out to the first choice day care center today in south philadelphia and has several times since we first covered this story. now, heaters accident that started it all last wednesday on the gray's ferry bridge in philadelphia, a mother called us after she said her child broke his leg in this crash on the way to a field trip. the 5-year-old boy was attending first choice child care center. we have since learned six people were in a car that was designed for five. the department of public welfare cop firm it had is evaluating status of the facility's child care license. they also told us the day care is now prohibited from transporting any children by motor vehicle for any purpose. and nbc 10 has made multiple attempts to reach out to the day care center for any comment, but for now, they respect talking. live in the digital operation center, jacqueline lon done, nbc 10 news. firm's pride, our taney dragon. s, have one more shot tonight to keep their hopes of a little league world series title alive.
and the little leaguers respect the only stars in williamsport tonight. look at this. phillies first baseman, ryan howard, meeting with some of the players and his youngest fans to cheer them on. our taney team has been the talk of the entire country can. >> i will same some big bids are proving it. take a look at this. talk about big bids. this autographed baseball supposedly signed by star pitcher mo'ne davis went for $510 on ebay. the initial asking price was just $9.99. now, several other baseballs claimed to have been signed by mo'ne are up for sale on ebay, as well as autographed covers of her "sports illustrated" magazine issue. a live look from williamsport, where all the action is. still ahead this half house, keith jones talks to nervous fans anxiously awaiting tonight's game. new at 6:00, a lehigh valley man is charged with leaving his three young children alone in his suv while he played
blackjack. a security guard at the sands casino in bethlehem discovered the kids locked in the vehicle yesterday morning, 10:15. the kids were 1, 5 and 8 years ol. their father, maurice cook of easton, was arrested inside casino. police say the kids weren't hurt but they were hungry. cook is in the north hampton county prison with $30,000 bail, charged with endane jerk the welfare of children. all new at 6:00, convicted killer lynn jenoff now questioned police about an unsolved murder dating back to 1995. now, jenoff spent 14 years in prison for the murder of rabbi fred new lander's wife. nbc 10 investigative reporter, harry hairston, caught up with him at his new home and what jenoff have to stay in. >> reporter: police approached him about the unsolved murder of janice bell act one point, a former jenoff cell mate testified that jenoff confessed to the murder. jeepoff denied that and it was never pro proven.
you were saying vorhees police say you're not a suspect in the janice bell, but they asked you for help. >> i don't want that on air. >> why not? >> 'cause i'm not gonna talk about that on camera. >> reporter: self-confessed hitman lynn jenoff free after the serving nearly 14 years for the murder of rabbi fred neuland neulander's wife, carl, play is information about another up solved murder. >> not on camera, no. >> off camera, you will? off camera, jenoff tells me cops first tracked him down a couple months ago. a police chief and captain came to his home to specifically talking about murder of janice bell that 1995 case is still unsolved. bell, a mother of two, was stabbed to death at her home. police have said it appeared to be a botched robbery. jeepoff tells me police say he is no the suspect. when i told vorhees police about what lynn jenoff had to say they declined to comment stating the camden county prosecute certificate lead investigator, i
suggested we talked to them. camden county prosecutors declined to anticipate questions investigators talking to jenoff. however, they released this statement saying --. investigators talking to him about what he may know. >> maybe somebody spoke, something came up. >> reporter: i caught up with bell's brother, michael. i'm shocked a cold case. i didn't think anybody was doing anything. >> reporter: jenoff is no stranger to his family. >> he came to the family as if he was a private investigator that says i may help solve this case. why don't you hire me. but we didn't -- we didn't think that he was that credible. >> reporter: sources tell me, police hope what jenoff says now about the bail case is credible. >> i shouldn't even have gotten into that with you. because they didn't want that
known. >> reporter: jenoff says he is cooperating with police to help with their investigation. jim? >> thanks, harry. turning now to the casino crisis in atlantic city, a new plan to attract gam fwlaers could mean jack potts a progressive system links 100 machines in atlantic city with 600 in nevada. new jersey casino regulators trying to attract other states to join in as well. the progressive jackpots grow in size and more gamblers play them. all atlantic city casinos are participating. this change comes as three ac casinos map to shut document next moment. showboat will close august 31st rebel hotel the next day and rebel casino on september 2nd. trump plaza will shutter two weeks later. showers and storms closing in on the delaware valley, some of them could be severe. rain isn't going anywhere any time soon, glenn? >> well, they are about for a wet end to the week. but the companies are going to
improve. i'm tracking the rain through tomorrow and a better looking weekend on my exclusive first alert 7-day forecast. next at 6:00, it is win or go home. our taney dragons chase their dream, a little league world series title. we will talk to some fans and some who have been waiting ten hours just till tonight's game, starts at 7:30 an live in williamsport with all the coverage.
decision day for our taney dragons much tonight's game is going to determine whether philadelphia's pride will continue to play for a world series title. we are counting down to the first pitch in just a limb more than a hour from now. philly will face chug chicago in williamsport. keith jones live there tonight where all the action's going to be taking place. >> keith, all of us on pins and needles for tonight's big game. >> reporter: yeah these right, the excitement is palpable here at lamade stadium, whip or go home i tell you what, the taney drainings are not looking forward a drive home tomorrow, they are going to give it their best. they are not nervous. fans here are definitely feeling the anxieties. the parents of these players, yeah, you could say that they
are tense in the stands much take a look behind us right now you can see some of the stands are being filled, some of those tickets were first come, first served, waited on lines it morning. fans are starting to pile in, like last night, they issued tickets, i have to say though, there are less people here today than there were last night went draggen were beat by las vegas, 8-1. even still, some of the delaware valley faithful got here extra early and by that i mean, like, ten hours early. >> to have a seat amount hill, what we were out here for. >> we got here about, what, 9:30ish? we will be here till 7:30 tonight. >> got to be there. they should have pulled it out last night, the week before, pulled it out the last inning. almost did it we will get them. we are gonna get them. >> that's right. bottom line if they lose tonight, they are out. if they win, they play then saturday for the u.s. championship against, who? their rivals, las vegas, the team that beat them 8-1 last night. so they get a second shot at las vegas if they win there or pull
off the upset, play sunday for their dream, little league world series title. what mo'ne davis and the rest of her people teem plate is been dreaming all about all season long, every single game leading up to this point. go dragon. s. live in williamsport, in front of lamade stadium, keith jones, nbc 10 news. count on nbc 10 to bring you coverage of the big story that has everybody talking. live reports from williamsport tonight again on nbc 10 news at 11:00. and i will say it again, go dragon. s. >> absolutely. i will second you on that with you. >> yep. nbc 10 first alert weather is following the situation in the weather department for us. rain, well, certainly would not be welcomed for eagles fans at tonight's first home game, no doubt about that. it looks like we may end the week on a wet note as well. >> nbc 10 chief meteorologist, glenn "hurricane" schwartz is tracking it all for us. glenn, what do you have? >> i think more rain is going to be falling tomorrow than what we are going to be getting the next few hours but we are tracking the storms come through the
state of pennsylvania during the afternoon. we have showers expected on friday, not necessarily thunderstorms but rain and a cool weekend, even when the sun comes out, it's gonna be cool, a lot of includes around right now, most parts of our area not seeing rain though. it's cloudy, 82 degrees at the airport, feels like 85 because the humidity is up pretty high the temperatures are, look at this only in the 70s in delaware and south jersey, while it's 83 in atlanta. that's the warm spot here. we have had a seabreeze come in during the afternoon and that has kept the temperature down. you can see on the radar, getting rain a little closer to delaware, but the lehigh valley, poconos, all of that rain that was headed right at them, it pretty much has weakened, now, you can still see pretty heavy showers in lancaster county, north eastern, maryland, moving to the east, if that would continue, we would at least get some of the rain in the philadelphia area around 8:00 or so. and the north and west a little
bit earlier. there is more rain back to the west, a lot of moisture in the atmosphere, and so, we are going to be seeing some of that, some later this evening and even more tomorrow. this the latest futurecast and it shows just some scattered areas of showers, not everybody is going to get rained on tonight and one or two thunderstorms, even later this evening, futurecast showing that. and then tomorrow, things get a little bit we are the. watch what happens here, this time with the east flow, we are getting more in the way of showers during the afternoon and most places will get some of that in the poconos, going to be rainy on friday, improving weather on saturday. and sunday at the shore. we are going to be seeing showers and storms on friday, graham ul improvement saturday, and a really nice day on sunday. the rest of the night, scattered showers and thunderstorms developing, so the thunderstorm
part of that is weakening somewhat. clouds, kind of humid tomorrow, showers at times, temperatures near 80 degrees, the 7-day forecast, drying out on saturday, just a chance, chance in the day, to the south, day goes on, more sunshine, look how cool it is them look how cool it is on sunday, despite the sunshine. lots of sunshine, monday, tuesday, wednesday, the temperatures go back up. >> thanks, hurricane, i'm john clark live at the link for the eagles first preseason game. heard from the birds and the taney dragons a visit from the phillies star. that's all next.
hey, i'm john clark live at the link. some of the eagles are out on the field getting ready for the most important preseason game, the starters should see all of the first half and it's going to be good. nick foles finally has his starting receivers together. reilly coopers a gonna see his first preseason action, jeremy maclin is back, here they go, talking about getting timing down with nick. >> i think that's big with the quarterbacks. i think that's big with nick, you know, he needs the timing. as far as do i need to play with matthews, do i need to play with maclin? i play with maclin, obviously, for a while it's not as big of a dell for us. >> it looks good to have us all on the field together and playing. i don't think that it's put us behind or anything, because we haven't been out there together. >> how about this for the steelers, the eagles are facial tonight, their top two running backs were arrested yesterday for marijuana possession. le'veon bell and lagarrette
blount are expected to play tonight though. and our first high school blitz of the summer season, going into the football season, it is this saturday at 7:30 on nbc 10. how about the other big story tonight, the taney dragon. s in williamsport. if they beat chicago tonight, they will play for the u.s. championship on saturday, it's a huge night. here's neil hartman in williamsport. >> reporter: john, a quick turn around for the taney dragon. s, they have rebounded from a loss before en route here to williamsport. they are resilient bump but they face another high-powered offensive team tonight in chicago. this team averages 14 runs a game. but alex right, coach for the taney dragon. s, is confident with his team. >> i think they will be fine. excited to play. they knew going energy the game plan was to play on saturday however we get there doesn't matter go in the front door, back door, we just want to get to the party.
>> mo'ne davis will be starting at third base. john, send it back to you. >> all right, neil, thank you. and the taney drapgs ginney dra special visitor in williamsport. ryan howard played ping popping, visited, said they are not done yes. remember mo'ne challenged dodgers pitcher clayton kershaw? one of the taney dragon. s challenged ryan howard. >> one of the players challenge node a home run derby. had to stand my ground on them a little bit, really just have fun and try keep it as loose as possible. ryan howard is believing in taney. can they keep it going? we will find out. have it all tonight at 11:00, eagles and taney. i'm john clark live at the link. >> feel they will do it john clark. >> i believe. >> got to believe is what john was saying. as we take a live look at
lincoln financial field, there are new numbers out tonight that show just how much the eagles and other nfl teams are worth. according to forbes magazine, the eagles are worth $1.75 billion, that makes them the seventh most valuable team in the nfl. the dallas cowboys once again take the number one spot. no way, $3.2 billion. the least valuable team, the st. louis rams. now for a look at what's coming up tonight on nbc 10 news at 11:00, red light runners, they are catching a break. why thousands of local drivers won't be getting tickets in the mail.
the last word on the from glenn. >> yeah, a couple big sporting events tonight. talking about the eagles. now look at the little league world series, severe thunderstorm warning's just been issued for williamsport until 7:30. look at all that lightning, moving right toward the ball field. now, they are gonna get a period of heavy rain, a lot of lightning and gonna delay
things. not gonna last for hours. but it's there. >> all right. for glenn "hurricane" schwartz, all of us at nbc 10, thanks for watching. i'm renee chenault-fattah >> i'm jim rosenfield. the news continues now with "nbc nightly news" with brian williams. on our broadcast tonight, inside story. the failed rescue attempt to save an american hostage before he was executed by isis. and tonight, a man held captive with james foley now speaks out. the survivor of the american doctor we watched come home and enter the hospital who was once near death from ebola, today he walked out of quarantine. tonight we hear his story for the first time. vanishing, an icon for the american west. the fears for its continued survival as a favorite vacation spot is disappearing before our very eyes. and for love of the game, the team giving chicago's south side a big reason to cheer tonight. "nightly news" begins now. from nbc news world headquarters in
NBC 10 News at 6pm
NBC August 21, 2014 6:00pm-6:31pm EDT
Renee Chenault-Fattah, Jim Rosenfield, Glenn Schwartz.
Williamsport 11, Philadelphia 5, Taney Dragon 5, Glenn 5, Chicago 4, John Clark 4, Eagles 4, Atlantic City 3, Jenoff 3, Christina Regusters 3, Keith Jones 3, Janice Bell 3, Ryan 2, Lynn Jenoff 2, Lu Ann Cahn 2, Maclin 2, Taney 2, Schwartz 2, Davis 2, Katz 2
Uploaded by TV Archive on August 21, 2014


text:
The Terrell Family
also spelled Tyrrell
Estate inventories give us a glance into the home life of Colonial Americans.
William Terrell was born about 1660 in Virginia.
He probably married Susannah Waters.
They made their home in New Kent (Hanover) County, Virginia on Polecat Creek. Polecat Creek is currently in Caroline County, Virginia.
Susannah and William's children may have included:
William Terrell, Jr. (1685, married Elizabeth Lewis),
Mary Terrill (1687, married Matthew Mills),
Joel Terrell (1792)
Anne Terrell (1695, married David Lewis),
David Terrell (1697, married Sarah Allen),
Henry Terrell (1702, married Sarah Woodson and Anne Chiles),
Timothy Terrell (1705, married Mary Martin),
James Terrell (1707, married Margaret Watkins), and
John Terrell (1708).
William died before April 3, 1744 when the Henrico Monthly Meeting's minutes identified Henry Terrell as the son of William Terrell, deceased.
In 1607 the London Company established Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony.
Slavery is an immoral system of forced labor where people are treated as property to be bought and sold. It was legal in the American Colonies and the United States until the Civil War.
Bound children were indentured servants whose master provided training in a craft, board, lodging, and clothes for seven years or until the child came of age.
John Terrell was born in New Kent County, Virginia between 1705-1710. He was probably the son of William Terrell and Susannah Waters.
He married Sarah.
The mother of his children was Elizabeth Harrison. Their children included:
Lohamer Terrell (1731, married Jacob Bledsoe),
Jeptha Terrell (1733)
Hezekiah Terrell (1735, married Phoebe Martin),
John Terrell (married Susannah Douglas),
Anne Terrell Martin (1739, married William Martin),
Agnes Terrell (married Robert Washington).
The children were born out of wedlock and Elizabeth was tried by the court when the first three children were born.
In 1730 John Terrell of Caroline County patented 800 acres in Spottsylvania County, Virginia in the first fork of the Rapidan River in St. George's Parish.
In 1736 he bought land in Caroline County from Zachary Martin.
In 1738 Elizabeth and John left the colony and the court bound out their three children, to be raised by other families. They were required to help with the family to pay for their keep.
They settled on 500 acres in Edgecombe County in an area that became a part of Granville in 1746. In 1764 his land was in Bute County when it was created from a part of Granville. In 1779 Bute was split and his land was in the part that became Franklin County.
On April 10, 1741, John's wife, Sarah, sued him for divorce.
In April, 1742, John conveyed property to Sarah with John Mouldin acting as her trustee.
In 1745, John sold John Scott 400 acres on the north side of the Rapidan River.
On December 1, 1747, in Joseph Hunt vs John Terrill
will either Murder him or do him some Bodily hurt.
The court ordered that he "stand committed to the custody of the Sheriff" until he paid 40£ bond for his good behavior for a year. James Paine and William Person were his surties.
On August 30, 1748, John petitioned the Granville County Court to keep a public house.
In 1749, his legal wife, Sarah was granted permission to take over John's estate in Caroline County.
In 1750, John and his son, Jepthah, were on the Granville County tax list.
In March, 1751, John sold land in Caroline County.
In April, 1751, the court ordered John to place two enslaved people, Beck and Amey, and one grey mare in the possession of John Mauldin, in trust for Sarah. She was to
receive the profits from these for her maintenance during her separation and until she shall cohabit with the defendant or until the time of her death.
In 1764 James Terrell the conveyed 700 acres he was granted in 1761 on both side of the Mill Run to John Terrell.
In 1762, John and his son, James, were listed on the Granville County tax list.
In 1764, John transferred people he had enslaved to his children Lohamer, Anne, Jeptha and John and to granddaughter Agnes Martin Washington.
On January 18, 1765, John made a bond for building and maintaining a bridge over Sandy Creek for seven years.
In 1771 he was charged with twelve tithables in Bute County.
On September 4, 1779 he sold 135 acres on the south side of Sandy Creek which was then in Franklin County.
On September 7, 1779, he sold 25 acres on the south bank of Sandy Creek to Peter Tatum for 266£
On March 15, 1780 Richard Caswell, governor, granted John 640 acres in Franklin County on the south side of the Tar River.
John wrote his will in 1783.
American colonists continued to use British monetary units, namely the pound, shilling and pence for which £1 (or li) equalled 20s and 1s equalled 12d. In 1792 the dollar was established as the basic unit of currency.
Women played an essential role in American society as mothers and homemakers.
A tithable was a person for whom a head tax was to be paid. The definition varies over time and place, but generally included members of the potentially productive labor force.
A poll tax is a tax levied on every poll. The definition of a poll also varied, but was generally a man of legal age.
In the name of God amen I John Terrell of the County of Franklin in the State of North Carolina... ordain this my last will & testament as followeth that is
I give & bequeath my soul to God...
I give & bequeath to my reputed wife Elizabeth who is called & known by the name of Elizabeth Terrell & with whom I have Cohabited [unreadable]
my furniture
I desire is then provided 5 Negro slaves to wit
old Saul
Lidia &
also my Mill on Sandy Creek
& all my household Furniture
& such of my stock as she may think fit during her life
& after her Decease to be Disposed of as hereafter shall be Decreed.
Item I Give & bequeath to my reputed Daughter Loruhimah born of the body of Elizabeth Harrison aforesaid reputed wife the Four Negro slaves to wit
Phebe
Patch &
after her mother's Death old Sal
together with the said Negros increase
Item I give & bequeath to my reputed son Jeptha called & known by the name of Jeptha Terrell born of the body of the aforesaid Elizabeth the labour of the 5 negro slaves following During his life & after his decease to his children as he shall think proper to them & their heirs forever to wit
Sare & her child & their increase
James &
little Jack &
after his mother Deceases big Jack
Item I give & bequeath to my reputed Daughter Anne born of the body of the afsd Elizabeth the 4 following Negro slaves to wit
Judy & her Child
little Amy old Amys Child &
little Jenny Lidias child together their increase to her & her heirs For Ever
Item I give & bequeath to my reputed son Joel born of the body of the aforesaid Elizabeth
7 Negro slaves to wit
Sam Old Amys Child
Amy old Sals child
little Saul
Peter &
Sabina Lidias Child
& after his mothers Death Lady
I also Give him the plantation & tract of Land whereon I now live together with another tract adjoining thereto to Him & his Heirs & assigns for ever.
Item I give & bequeath to my Reputed son Timothys children called & known in his lifetime by the Name of Timothy Terrell born of the body of the aforesaid Elizabeth the 4 following Negro slaves to wit
Andi Buck & his increase
& after their grandmothers Decease Willy & his increase
to be Equally Divided among them as they come of age that is the boys to the age of 21 & the girls to the age of 18
It is also my will & Desire that the widow of my reputed Son Timothy shall have a childs part during her life that such part to return to the to the children of the said Timothy & be Equally Divided among them.
Item I give & bequeath to my reputed son Johns children who was called & known in his Lifetime by the name of John Terrell begotten of the body of the aforesaid Elizabeth as followeth
to his daughter Elizabeth one Negro Slave old Amy to her & her heirs for ever.
To his son Richmond one negro Girl Lucie to him & his heirs for ever.
To his daughter Susannah one negro boy Will to her & her heirs forever
I also give & bequeath to my reputedson Johns Children above mentioned the value of One Good negro to be Equally Divided among them
& lastly my will & desire is that all & every part of my Estate which I have not herein before particularly mentioned & disposed of in Legacies together with my Mill on Sandy Creek before mentioned be divided into 6 Equal lotts & Equally Divided by Drawing for the same by my 4 reputed Children to wit Jeptha Joel Lorihuma & Anne aforesaid & the Orphans of the two Deceased John & Timothy & whoever receives the Mill is not to have his till the Death their Mother or Grand Mother as the case may happen.
I hereby Nominate & appoint Jeptha Terrell & Joel Terrell & Jenkins Devaney Executors of this my Last will & testament hereby revoking all other Wills heretofore made or Executed.
In Witness Whereof I have hereunto affixed my hand & seal this 20 Day of Septm. 1783 cs. Signed sealed & acknowledged in the presence of
Elias Daviney
Luckey Daviney
Susannah Brooks
John Terrell (Seal)
To William Terrell,
16 June 1714,
300 acres of land
on the southwest side of Pole Cat Swamp in the county of King William
(Land Bk. 10, p. 147.)
To William Terrell
23 Mar. 1715,
on the north side of the Pamunkey River in King William County.
(L. Bk. 10, p. 175.)
31 Oct. 1716,
on both sides of the upper fork of the north fork of Pole Cat Swamp in King William County, beginning at a hickory standing between two poplars and a white oak on the side of a hill, and on ye south side of a run, etc.
To William Terrell and Robert Chandler,
1st day of Apr. 1717,
on the south side of the south fork of Pole Cat Swamp.
(Bk. 10, p. 316.)
To William Terrell and his son William,
on the north side of Pole Cat Swamp. One of the lines ran to the land of William Terrell, Jr. who had perhaps been given some land by his father.
To William Terrell, of New Kent County,
22 Jan. 1718,
400 acres of land issued in the name of King George
lying and being on both sides of the north fork of the south fork of Polecat Creek in St. Johns Parish, in King William County. The line beginning at two red oaks, thence west 440 poles to a willow oak, sweet gum and white oak on the south side of the north fork of Polecat above the mouth of a branch, thence south 168 poles to two white oaks and a red oak on the east side of a branch, thence south 85 degrees, east 442 poles to a stake standing between two white oaks and a red oak on the west side of a branch and on the south side of a run, etc.
To William Terrell, Sr. of New Kent County,
on both sides of the north fork of Pole Cat in King William County, beginning at a corner hickory of William Terrell, Sr. standing between a white oak and two great poplars on the south side of the south fork of the north fork of Pole Cat, etc. .... Thence t William Terrell's lower corner of Raven Neck tract .... Thence along his line north, etc.
To William Terrell, of King William County,
22 Feb. 1724,
237 acres of land on the south side of the north fork of Pole Cat in St. Margarets Parish in King William County.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Cape County Tea Party
Cape Girardeau County Missouri Tea Party
Election Calendar
Rep Contact Info
The Anti-Progressive Syllabus
01/31/2013 by bbollmann 2 Comments
Below, I received the partial list of voter fraud examples from the November 2012 Presidential Election that most of us have seen over the past few months. This time I received the list in an e-mail from an elected official with an earnest question of what to do about it. I'm certainly no expert, but here are the thoughts I sent in reply:
There are many reasons that we lost the election, and voter fraud was part of it — but not all of it.I saw an article go by this week that said there are groups pursuing the examples you sent.So, hopefully, some of that will be flushed out soon
I don't see it happening, but I'm praying that top-level Republicans (working with other conservative parties like the Constitution Party / Libertarian Party / etc) will see the need for an organized project to watch every vote at every voting precinct in the nation and ensure that voter fraud is wiped out as a potential for swaying the election.It needs to be a proactive effort — not a post-election litigation effort.
Organize and train poll watchers in every state / township / precinct.
Organize and train Republican election judges in every state / township / precinct.
Video cameras in each voting location to record the entire day or events of concern by the poll-watchers (even if it's just smart phone cameras).
Know how many ballots are taken to each voting location
Know how many ballots are completed / voided / spoiled / returned from every voting location
Know the vote counts recorded on each electronic voter machine at each voting location (where used)
Prosecute to the fullest extent of the law any effort to commit voter fraud
Get rid of all electronic voting machines
The only thing that will wipe out voter fraud is having well-trained eyes on every voting booth the day of the election.
Plus, Brian Bollmann, a lowly chair of a county Tea Party, 3 days before an election, shouldn't be running around begging for Republican Election Judges for the city of St. Louis.
But that all takes money, and who sees it as important enough to foot the bill?!? It wasn't in 2012; will it be in 2014 or 2016? I hope it will.
We will certainly continue to work to prevent voter fraud in our little corner of the world as best we can!
FWIW, I kept saying that Romney's downfall would be that…
"Romney wouldn't be willing to go to the mat.Obama would go to the mat.Romney wouldn't."
Romney had Obama down on the mat and let him back up.Too bad.
Below is the partial list of voter fraud examples that instigated the e-mail exchange:
From Bill O'Reilly's message board:Most everyone suspected fraud, but these numbers prove it and our government and media refuse to do anything about it.As each state reported their final election details, the evidence of voter fraud is astounding. Massive voter fraud has been reported in areas of OH and FL, with PA, WI and VA, all are deploying personnel to investigate election results.Here are just a few examples of what has surfaced with much more to come.
In 59 voting districts in the Philadelphia region, Obama received 100% of the votes with not even a single vote recorded for Romney. (A mathematical and statistical impossibility).
In 21 districts in Wood County Ohio, Obama received 100% of the votes where GOP inspectors were illegally removed from their polling locations – and not one single vote was recorded for Romney. (Another statistical impossibility).
In Wood County Ohio, 106,258 voted in a county with only 98,213 eligible voters.
In St. Lucie County, FL, there were 175,574 registered eligible voters but 247,713 votes were cast.
The National SEAL Museum , a polling location in St. Lucie County, FL had a 158% voter turnout.
Palm Beach County , FL had a 141% voter turnout.
In Ohio County, Obama won by 108% of the total number of eligible voters.
NOTE: Obama won in every state that did not require a Photo ID and lost in every state that did require a Photo ID in order to vote.
Filed under National Tagged with Democrats, Election, Election Fraud, Republicans
Sen. Paul Is Tea Party's Best Hope For Political Power
01/22/2013 by bbollmann Leave a comment
An article by Dave Banks:
The Democratic Party's triumph in November brought an abrupt end to the honeymoon between the GOP and the Tea Party, and now, like any fiery romance that unexpectedly turns sour, there's a lot of finger-pointing as to what went wrong and who's to blame.
Many GOP political pundits pin much of the responsibility on the Tea Party, specifically for its role in defeating GOP incumbents or establishment candidates who would have probably won in the general election. For Republicans, partisan control of Congress and the White House is the goal, and any win that helps achieve that goal is a good win, regardless of the candidate's ideological purity.
The Tea Party sees things differently, believing that the GOP has failed because it lacks vision, which has resulted in the nomination of too many establishment candidates who cannot communicate the need for reform. And because most Americans understand the role the GOP has played in creating our fiscal problems, it is difficult for voters to trust a candidate who has long been embraced by the Republican mainstream.
From the beginning, those variances in political strategy were irreconcilable in many ways. But both sides entered the marriage willingly, appreciating the potential political advantages that each side could gain by sticking with the relationship.
The Republican Party, vanquished by the Obama revolution, was drawn to the Tea Party's ability to motivate the base, viewing the movement as a way to reverse its recent political setbacks and create White House jobs and Hill committee chairmanships for GOP elites. Establishment Republicans thought that Tea Party members of Congress would abandon their drive for "radical" reform once they came to appreciate the benefits of "team playing."
Tea Party leaders, however, felt that they could change their mainstream partner for the better, either by gaining voluntary converts to their brand of reform or by forcing the establishment to abandon fiscal irresponsibility. Because most Tea Party supporters had voted for the GOP in the past, many naturally believed that most other Republicans, including GOP elites, could be rehabilitated in a 12-step program.
After the 2010 election, things seemed to be on track, and establishment Republicans were willing to tolerate the boat-rocking of the Tea Party's representatives. For its part, the Tea Party saw its strategy of increasing its numbers in both houses of Congress unfolding.
But with Obama's re-election, the establishment's patience evaporated and the "marriage" went south. One could surmise that political necessity will force reconciliation, but this relationship may not recover. The GOP and Tea Party have serious disagreements. That's the 800-pound gorilla that few people have the courage to acknowledge openly.
The Tea Party is anti-establishment, offering a brand of political radicalism that would unravel centralized government. Its economic philosophy stands opposed to the Keynesianism long embraced by the GOP. Moreover, the movement calls for the devolution of power from any government — federal or state — to the individual. That type of devolution of government power is naturally aligned with social freedom, which explains why many Tea Party supporters, despite their private views, are publicly neutral on social issues.
The Republican Party, however, certainly favors centralized government when those powers coincide with the GOP's political interests. After all, much of the transfer of powers away from the states to Washington, D.C., and from Congress to the White House was achieved with GOP support. And, of course, many social conservatives promote centralized government when that intervention supports their norms and values.
Though no one is yet seriously discussing a divorce or even a separation, the current relationship between the GOP and the Tea Party is simply unsustainable. Where the Tea Party will end up remains to be seen.
Undoubtedly, the GOP wants the Tea Party to abandon its anti-establishment "radicalism." To further this objective, the GOP leadership is likely to reward or punish Tea Party members accordingly, as it apparently did when the Republican Steering Committee voted to remove Reps. Justin Amash (R-MI) and Tim Huelskamp (R-KS) from the House Budget Committee. And as long as the Tea Party lacks real political structure, many of its members will depend on the GOP apparatus for fundraising and additional support.
The Tea Party is adrift, confused by its flirtation with the establishment and social conservatism. In its early stages, the movement embraced conservative constitutionalism and libertarianism and remained neutral on social issues. If the Tea Party were to choose a separate path or greater autonomy, it would have to go further, embracing freedom in all areas, both social and economic. Additionally, the Tea Party would have to believe that it could win and would win elections, even against Republicans if warranted.
Such clarity of mission would require a leader with a concise vision and the ability to help the Tea Party's political transition. It would require an articulate leader who could explain to all voters why the Tea Party better represents their values. And it would require a consistent, effective leader — someone who is engaged daily in the fight for the Tea Party's principles and who enjoys access to a grassroots network, independent of the GOP.
The only person who could reasonably fill that role is Sen. Rand Paul. The future of the Tea Party — and possibly that of the GOP — rests on his shoulders, regardless of whether he is ready for that responsibility.
Despite being Kentucky's junior senator, Paul is a kingmaker and has vast potential to fundraise, with or without help from the Republican National Committee. Paul is rumored to be contemplating a run for president in 2016. The GOP establishment is counting on him to be a "team player" and run as a Republican, giving the establishment Republicans confidence that they can channel him in ways they find rewarding.
We can be almost certain that if Paul were to run as a third-party candidate, the Democratic nominee would win the White House. And the senator surely understands this. That's why it's likely that Paul will continue to work within the GOP, bolstering his credentials as a team player while remaining dedicated to changing the Republican Party from the inside.
That's a pragmatic long-term political strategy — but one that doesn't square with the spirit of the Tea Party movement. If the party's most effective leader becomes too entangled with the establishment, the Tea Party will be at risk of becoming lost and fading into the Republican mainstream, at least in the near term.
However, Paul's future as a viable presidential candidate is linked to the Tea Party's potency, autonomy, and staying power. In a presidential race, he would need an enthusiastic base that does not identify with the GOP establishment to propel him to a front-running position. Politically, Paul needs the Tea Party as much as the movement needs him.
The Tea Party understands that America's shared future is, and always has been, linked to freedom in all ways, in all shapes and forms. Its devotion to that most holy American principle is necessarily predicated on limited government at every level and the devolution of power to the individual. It is an ideology that appeals to all of humanity, regardless of race or gender, and it is the only principle that will allow the United States to prosper through the coming decades and centuries. It is also the standard that will grant the nation the ability to compete against the almost certain challenge from China in this century.
If the GOP is to appeal to the majority of the nation's citizens and compete effectively in future elections, it will have to embrace the all-freedoms ideology that animates the Tea Party. And to accomplish that feat and overcome the doubts held by many Americans toward the GOP, the Republican Party will need the credibility of a strong, vibrant Tea Party as its vanguard. If Paul can convince the GOP he can deliver that prize, he will be in a strong position to become a leading voice in the emergence of a new Republican Party that appeals to a broader demographic base.
First, though, Paul will have to take leadership of the Tea Party. The movement needs his direction if it is to make the transition into a party of economic and social freedom with greater autonomy from the GOP. By providing that leadership, Paul will help preserve and grow the movement — and in the process, bring himself closer to the White House.
Dave Banks (dbanks@usawed.org) is a policy adviser to the Heartland Institute and the director of D.C. operations for the Alliance of Wise Energy Decisions (AWED), an informal coalition of Tea Party activists focused on energy and environment policy.
Read more: http://dailycaller.com/2013/01/16/sen-paul-is-tea-partys-best-hope-for-political-power/#ixzz2IhUgmehg
Filed under National Tagged with Rand Paul, Tea Party
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – January 2013
01/19/2013 by bbollmann 1 Comment
Speaker Notes:
After the excitement of our meeting in November, CCTP Steering Committee members wanted to continue to inform about the Tennessee Center for Self Governance and the training effort underway to become experts on Self Governance… …Citizen SEALS!
Jan Farrar and David Larson led the discussion with our experience in training, examples of successes with TNCSG's efforts, and many of the trainees in attendance chimed in with notes and examples of how this effort will work.
Before the TTTT, I asked David to describe what he planned to do in the meeting:
Jan and I will do about thirty minutes on the benefits of taking the five levels of citizen engagement through the Tennessee Center for Self-governance. We will discuss civil responsibility and civil authority, by comparing and contrasting them. We will point out that there are hundred if not thousands of special interest groups lobbying the lawmakers we send to the various legislative houses at all levels. Then we will explain the ordinary everyday citizen is not represented in that manner. We will explain that these classes will empower them to become engaged in the process so that they are no longer lost in the shuffle nor ignored.
And, that's exactly what they did.
Working Meeting:
Tonight's meeting was also a working meeting. The goal here was to review and approve (or reject) the legislative items sponsored or co-sponsored by Cape County's Missouri House and Senate members – Donna Lichtenegger, Kathy Swan, and Wayne Wallingford. A few bills proposed by other legislators were added to the list including one co-sponsored by Shelley Keeney of Bollinger County
Put together list of the bills
Broke up into 4 groups
Reviewed them quickly
Used our laptops to get additional information on the bills from the House and Senate web sites
Came up with a knee-jerk decision to vote for or against the bill
We obviously knew that, with the few minutes we had to work on the effort, we could easily end up with an incorrect decision. But, the effort was enjoyable, and the decisions likely in line with the CCTP goals of Fiscal Responsibility, Founding Principles, and Constitutionally Limited Government under God.
When reviewing the decisions of the group, most of the responses were quite emphatic.
Click below to see the bills that were reviewed and the decisions of the group. We hope to complete similar efforts in the future.
CCTP – TTTT – 20130115 – Local Legislator Bills – Reviewed – 01
Takeaway Activism
As a follow-up on our two activities tonight, we need to continue to consider our Civic Authority and our responsibility to guide the votes of our elected officials at all levels. To that end, we ask that you do three things:
Senate Bill Review
Visit the Missouri Senate web site
Locate a bill that was not reviewed at TTTT: http://www.senate.mo.gov/13info/BTS_Web/BillList.aspx?SessionType=R
Write a short summary of why you think your legislator should vote for / against the bill
Send your review to CapeCountyTeaParty@yahoo.com
House Bill Review
Visit the Missouri House of Representatives web site
Locate a bill that was not reviewed at TTTT: http://house.mo.gov/billlist.aspx?year=2013
Propose a piece of Legislation / Law
Write a short summary of what you would like to have enacted
Give it an awesome title
Send your new law to CapeCountyTeaParty@yahoo.com
We will compile these summaries and set up a meeting with our local legislators to pass along your ideas and wishes
Filed under TTTT Tagged with Self-Governance, Takeaway Activism, Third Tuesday Tea Time
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – December 2012
There were no notes! There was no Takeaway Activism. There was only a celebration of the most powerful and influential man ever to walk on the face of the Earth. We celebrated with a ChrisTTTTmas ParTTTTy on December 28th at the Trail of Tears Bar And Grill (run by the USA Veterans) in Cape Girardeau, MO.
Here are some pictures from the night:
Filed under TTTT Tagged with Christmas, Third Tuesday Tea Time
Employment v Unemployment – December 2012
The Unemployment Rate is out again today with no change at 7.8% (apparently November 2012 was revised up to 7.8%), but there was an actual uptick in the labor force (155,319,000 up to 155,511,000). The Labor Force Participation Rate remained unchanged at an anemic 63.6% (down from 65.7% at the start of Obama's 1st term).
We can be heartened at the fact that another major exit from the work force did not occur.
The graph continues to look ugly:
Filed under National Tagged with economy, Labor Particpation Rate, Obama, Unemployment
Why Did It Take Till 1/1/2013?
Just a quick and simple post to note exactly why it took until 1/1/2013 to have the Republicans pass the massive tax and spend bill H.R. 8 to avoid the so-called Fiscal Cliff.
On 1/1/2013, the taxes went up anyway. Now, the Republicans can spin their vote as an effort to reduce taxes from the increased taxes that were in effect on 1/1/2013.
Aren't they just great! Good thing they don't try to treat us like ignorant peasants like the Democrats do.
Filed under National Tagged with Fiscal Cliff, Spending, Taxes
TTTT – 8th District MO GOP Congressional Candidate Forum – July 2016 07/19/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – May 2016 05/12/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – April 2016 03/19/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – March 2016 02/23/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – February 2016 01/20/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – December 2015 01/20/2016
TTTT Takeaway Activism and Notes – November 2015 12/13/2015
St. Louis Tea Party
The 231st Birthday of our Bill of Rights is a weird thing to be divided over. Enjoy!
Help to keep the 7th of December in the past – Remember Pearl Harbor Day, today
Happy Thanksgiving to one and all
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Questions and Observations
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CHICKEN WINGS, REALLY? Illinois School Worker Allegedly Stole $1.5 Million of Food, Mostly Chicken…
SACRIFICES TO MOTHER GAIA, SO IT'S ALL GOOD: Another Dead Humpback Whale Washes Ashore in New York….


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Student-Athlete Testimonials
Besides having the opportunity to compete in and win a National Championship the BEF has helped mostly with giving me that motivation during the summer (pool's off season) to practice and put in the time to get ready for something!! Also the scholarship money I've received over the years since 2005 has greatly helped with paying college bills. It also has benefited me in travel…especially overseas. Without the BEF I probably wouldn't have made those trips. I also appreciate the hospitality put on at the tournaments and just the effort alone that's made to get young adults playing the game.
Landon Shuffett (Greensburg, Kentucky)
2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012 Junior National Champion
Has received over $4,000 in academic scholarships
Being part of the BEF has given me the opportunity to play all over the world. It has also allowed me to meet some really great friends over the past years. and given me the chance to earn scholarship money for college. I am glad to be a part of the BEF.
Briana Miller (Allentown, Pennsylvania)
2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Junior National Champion
The BEF has given me a great opportunity with pool. I have had the chance to compete in four national tournaments and two world championships. Going to Nicaragua in 2009 was definitely an experience I will never forget. Also taking 2nd the following year in Reno was a great experience. The BEF has definitely made me strive to become a better player. I'd like to thank the BEF for everything and I hope it will continue to do the great job it has done!
Jesse Engel (Columbia Heights, Minnesota)
2009 & 2010 Junior National Runner-up, 2010 WPA World Junior 9-Ball Silver Medalist
Has received $1,000 in academic scholarships
The BEF has given us an opportunity to show our talent not just nationwide but worldwide as well. Being able to compete with people our ages in other countries made me realize that I'm not the only one playing this game and also going to school. The BEF gives kids a chance to really enjoy the game of pool and also gives kids a chance to really fulfill their dreams. The one thing I miss about Junior Nationals is seeing my friends every year and getting a chance to sweat their games and cheer for each other. I will always cherish that and I wouldn't have achieved so much in my life if it wasn't for the BEF Junior Nationals.
Mary Rakin (Daly City, California)
2007 Junior National Champion, 2007 WPA World Junior 9-Ball Gold Medalist
Sponsor Testimonials
Supporting junior competition via our partnership with the BEF goes hand-in-hand with our mission to promote the game of billiards. We received an overwhelming number of positive comments from Expo attendees and exhibitors about the excitement and energy the BEF Junior Nationals brought to 2014 Expo and have since continued to build on the total event. 2021 promises to provide more opportunities for our Junior players to compete in multiple events - it's time to get playing in 2021!
Ivan Lee, Chairman of Billiard Congress of America
We're proud to support such an amazing organization. The BEF is truly a class act in all shapes and forms. The involvement of professional level athletes with young students is usually only depicted in movies. It's rare that you see an organization like this that is making dreams come true for aspiring talent. We chose to support the Billiard Education Foundation because of the exemplary service that they provide, their professionalism, and involvement in all aspects of the pool community. It cannot be understated to emphasize the importance of teaching our youth life skills that they can apply not only on the table, but in real life as well. It's not just about pool cues and object balls; it's much greater than that!
Jelani Burton, Director of Marketing at Game Tables Online.com
We're absolutely thrilled to support to the Billiard Education Foundation and their good works. It's our duty as an industry leader to lend a hand to these brilliant young people. These are the next champions and enthusiasts, they're our industries' future.
Karim Belhaj, President, Predator Group
The youth are the future of the game, growing the next generation of players and customers. We believe this is a great opportunity to partner with the BEF and support the organization's mission. Attendees will enjoy watching the best junior players in the country compete for a chance to represent the US in the World Junior Championships.
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This 2007 BOSS HOSS BHC-3 ZZ4 Bagger is a nice looking bike to be sure! It is in practically mint condition. It weights about half a ton. It has a fuel injected ZZ4 350 CI water cooled engine with a semi automatic two speed transmission. It also has reverse gear.
The seat has a driver's back rest and there is a a large seat for a passenger. The passenger seat flips up and has a storage compartment underneath. Both seats are Mustang Seats. This beauty also has rear compartments and Hard Bag saddle bags with carrier in liners. It even has am, fm, and cd stereo!
As you can see, the paint job is custom bright silver with black and gold highlights. The exhaust system is custom made. There is color matched chrome mounting, and it has a Touring Drivers Sissy Bar with an extra large pad.


At Ben & Jerry's, we think brownies are better with ice cream, just like ice cream is better with brownies. Both are better when they don't just taste good, but they're helping do good, as well. When there's a chance to team up with like-minded, values-led suppliers that offer the highest quality ingredients and use business for social benefit, we go all in. And from the start of our relationship with Greyston Bakery in Yonkers, New York City, it was clear there was a lot more than deliciously fudgy brownies cooking in the proverbial oven.
Right around the time Ben & Jerry's Flavour Guru Peter Lind came up with the idea for Chocolate Fudge Brownie, Ben Cohen was talking with Bernie Glassman from Greyston Bakery about a collaboration. At that time, Greyston was making cakes, pies, tarts and brownies for New York City area restaurants. It took months of ingenuity, testing and tweaking, and a good deal of traveling back and forth between Vermont and New York, to perfect the namesake 1-inch square brownie bites. In fact, the first few shipments of brownies showed up as giant 25 lb solid frozen blocks! Of course Peter and Greyston eventually nailed it, and our partnership has been going strong for 25 years.
The sweetest part is how far Greyston's own success has come. Greyston was founded during the 1980's urban housing crisis in NYC, and the city largely ignored the fledgling social enterprise. By offering open hiring to employment-challenged people, Greyston has now grown to have a major impact on a borough where nearly one in six residents live below the poverty line.
Based around the idea of "PathMaking," Greyston programs support employees and their families while they turn around troubled lives and advance their careers and education. By investing 100% of their profits back into the Yonkers community through its non-profit foundation, Greyston reaches over 5,000 individuals annually— with services including affordable housing and child care, community gardens, workforce development, and now urban sustainability and energy efficiency.
"We don't hire people to bake brownies, we bake brownies to hire people," is a classic Greyston quote. And with 126 full time employees (and a standing list of between 600-700 waiting for a job), the business is now looked at as a social enterprise leader in NYC, and around the world.
Ben & Jerry's and Greyston started out on a mission to marry creamy ice cream with chewy, fudgy brownies. And as we've both grown together, the shared passion for linked prosperity— a concept that what's good for our employees and suppliers is also good for business— has made our partnership a real delight.
As a certified B-Corp, Greyston joins Ben & Jerry's and over 1,000 companies worldwide in the unified goal to use business as a force for good for people and the planet. So go ahead and dig into a pint of Chocolate Fudge Brownie, and know that all that tasty, chewy goodness is also doing some serious good for the people that need it the most.


A list of the Coleoptera of importance from Brazil, based on published records was compiled. The checklist contains 345 species of 16 families allocated to 16 states of the country. In addition, three species of two families are registered for the first time. The fauna of Coleoptera of forensic importance is still not entirely known and future collection efforts and taxonomic reviews could increase the number of known species considerably in the near future.
The development of forensic entomology in Brazil was well reported by Pujol-Luz et al. (2008). It started in 1908, with the pioneers Roquette-Pinto and Oscar Freire, who noted the high diversity of the native fauna of necrophagous insects and the impossibility of direct application of the methods developed in Europe. Oscar Freire (1914a,b) was the first to present a collection of insects associated with his investigations, mainly obtained from human corpses and small animals in Bahia State. Herman Lüderwaldt (1911) published a list of Coleoptera associated with several kinds of carrion in São Paulo, which is still an important reference on the subject. In 1941, Samuel Pessôa and Frederick Lane published a paper regarding Scarabaeidae of medico-legal importance (Pessôa and Lane, 1941). After this period, the studies and the information regarding forensically important species of Coleoptera from Brazil became disperse and available in books, articles, catalogues, reports and collections or other non-indexed sources (i.e. monographs, dissertations and theses).
Almeida and Mise (2009) published the first list of South American Coleoptera, comprising 15 families and Vasconcelos and Araújo (2012) presented a list of insects collected in northeastern Brazil.
The forensic importance of Coleoptera is often underestimated due to the belief that they occur only at late stages of decomposition. However, more studies about their taxonomy, biology and behaviour are needed before their importance can be fully understood (see Midgley et al., 2010). The diversity of Coleoptera and the lack of taxonomic studies have direct effect in how the beetles can be used in forensic entomology, mostly because unidentified material cannot be used for a postmortem interval estimative.
Coleoptera families with known predatory and necrophagous habit (i.e. carrion feeders) are listed as having potential forensic importance (see Smith, 1986; Byrd and Castner, 2010). The necrophilous habit (i.e. associated with carrion/corpses) is an indicative of the potential forensic importance, but the correct identification is the first step for the better understanding of the role of the species at their environment and guide future studies about its biology and distribution.
The main objective of this study was to present an updated list of Coleoptera species associated with carrion/corpses in Brazil. More specifically, it aimed to provide updated data about the geographical distribution and substratum in which species were collected, as well as to provide a checklist of current valid names.
The list of species of Coleoptera was based on information collected from published literature from 1908 to 2014 with some new data included (Table 1) and consider mostly studies of forensic entomology, ecological succession and fauna surveys performed in Brazil.
Table 1 Compiled list of Coleoptera species of forensic importance from Brazil.
Brazilian States cited as abbreviation in parenthesis.
*Distribution restricted to the North of Brazil.
The taxa considered of potential forensic importance followed two criteria: lists of Coleoptera families associated with carrion available in previous studies (e.g. Payne, 1969; Smith, 1986; Mise et al., 2007; Byrd and Castner, 2010); and their feeding habit. Every taxon listed here is described in literature as being necrophagous or predator.
Our survey listed 345 records of 16 families: Carabidae, Cleridae, Dermestidae, Geotrupidae, Histeridae, Hybosoridae, Hydrophilidae, Leiodidae (=Cholevidae), Nitidulidae, Ptiliidae, Monotomidae (=Rhizophagidae), Scarabaeidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae and Trogidae, allocated to 16 Brazilian states (Table 1).
In Table 1 we include information about taxa (valid name in the original combination and name as cited in literature), substratum (type of carcass or corpse), distribution (locality and states) and the references where the data was originally cited.
Some taxa have no available information about the substratum and they are refered here as "not specified". Several species do not have available information beyond family, tribe or genera (refered as "taxa.sp") and we present the information the way it was published. The apparently repetition of some taxa are due the unknown identification, meaning that it is impossible to say if they are the same species.
Scarabaeidae was the family with the highest number of specimens registered (158), followed by Staphylinidae (84) and Histeridae (36 species).
Three species are recorded for the first time: Stelidota geminata (Say, 1825) and Stelidota octomaculata (Say, 1825) (Nitidulidae) in rabbit carcass and Oxelytrum erythrurum (Blanchard, 1840) (Silphidae) in pig, rabbit and chicken carcasses.
The majority of records collected for Scarabaeidae are from Pessoa and Lane (1941) which performed a review of Scarabaeidae of medico-legal importance in Brazil. Considering the abundance of registers for this family, and their saprophagous habits, Scarabaeidae apparently have a great unexplored potential for forensic entomology. In the same scenario Nitidulidae is a family known of necrophagous species (see Abbott, 1937; Payne, 1969) have been largely underestimated and its value in forensic investigations is still to be stablished (Byrd and Castner, 2010).
As it was stated before, the potential forensic interest of the species is based not only in their records on carcasses but also upon their feeding habit. The knowledge about behaviour and ecological roles in Coleoptera is not as clear as it is in Diptera. Abbott (1937) and Payne (1969) produced an informative review about the behaviour of Coleoptera on carrion, but not much has been done since then. The result is that many taxa with potential importance have been neglected.
The families listed in the present study have documented necrophilous habit, but have not been necessarily found in corpses or used as evidence in actual cases. However, most families have been recorded as associated with human corpses: Cleridae, Dermestidae, Histeridae and Staphylinidae (Turchetto et al., 2001); Silphidae (Souza et al., 2014); Geotrupidae (Nuorteva, 1977); Rhizophagidae and Tenebrionidae (Mégnin, 1894); Hydrophilidae and Leiodidae (Easton and Smith, 1970); Nitidulidae (Adair and Kondratieff, 1996); Carabidae, Ptiliidae and Scarabaeidae (Motter, 1898); Trogidae (Lefebvre and Gaudry, 2009). Even though several taxa listed here belong to families refered as saprophagous (i.e. organic matter feeders – Torre-Bueno, 1989), the presence of those families near or in corpses provides a certain level of certainty to affirm that they are associated with the corpse and have a potential use for forensic entomology.
In forensic entomology studies, Coleoptera is frequently mentioned as an order of great importance alongside Diptera. However, the importance of the order is often neglected due to taxonomic difficulties or other issues regarding the role of those insects in corpses. Several species (Table 1) were reported in carcasses as potential indicators for forensic entomology, but registers from human corpses are rare. The question at this point is the absence of species or the lack of available knowledge (e.g. tools for identification, behavioural and ecological data) that does not allow the use of the group in real cases? As mentioned before, Coleoptera have a great potential for forensic entomology, but is often underestimated especially when Diptera is available.
The reported occurrences (Table 2) are restricted to 16 states and showed a biased pattern towards Southeast (233) and South (133) regions, being São Paulo (SP) (140) and Paraná (PR) (104) the most representative states.
Table 2 Number of records available of Coleoptera of forensic interest per State and Region of Brazil.
Due its massive territory and biased efforts of collect, not much is known about the Coleoptera of potential importance in Brazil. Future efforts should focus on experiments in different regions and states to increase the database of necrophilous insects. The list of names presented here has the objective to help the dissemination of the correct names of species, often misspelled.
We wish to thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the fellowships to the authors LMA (306772/2006–0); RCC (151675/2012-0) and PCG (503206/2011-3). This is contribution number 1911 of the Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil.
* Corresponding author. E-mail:lalmeida@ufpr.br (L.M. de Almeida).
© 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Entomologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).


Five years after the brutal death of her first husband Jackson, Damaris Kioko remarried in Kenya last weekend. Jackson was killed in May 2012 in the Jomvu area of Mombasa, only a week after being married to Damaris in coastal Kenya.
"We had a very colourful wedding. People said that they had never seen such a great wedding," Damaris recalls. The newlyweds spent three days honeymooning in the coastal town of Malindi, then returned to Mombasa.
One week after the wedding, Jackson went back to work. Damaris's husband left the house, never to return.
Jackson was assistant pastor of Melchizedek Church in Mombasa. He and Benjamin Juma, pastor of Nyali Baptist Church, had started planning an evangelistic event. When Jackson did not come home on the evening of 7 May, Damaris tried to phone him but couldn't get through.
The next morning she was told that Jackson had died. An angry mob had lured the two men into a trap, then killed them and set their bodies on fire. "I heard that their bodies were so burned that you could not even tell them apart. The pieces of clothes helped to identify them. I had no strength to go to the mortuary. I was very helpless, I could not even stand," Damaris says.
"Our gifts are still intact and we have not even received the photos which we took during our wedding," she said in an interview with national newspaper, the Daily Nation, shortly after Jackson's murder.
Police in Mombasa questioned five people in connection with the lynching of the two pastors and "launched a manhunt for a witchdoctor in the area who was said to have invited the two clergymen for prayers at his home," All Africa reported at the time.
According to the Daily Nation, "the two were lynched when they went to a home of Mr Mutana Nyandua, a Muslim said to have recently converted to Christianity. But Mrs Mapenzi Abdalla, a relative of Mr Nyandua, denied this, saying all family members were Muslims and none had converted".
"After we had buried Jackson in his home town and I returned to Mombasa, I spent many, very many, sleepless nights," Damaris recalls. "I was alone and I couldn't run from reality. Never before had I faced such a difficult situation. I could do nothing. I could not even pray. I just existed.
Eventually, as time moved on and friends moved away, Damaris started to feel isolated. "You go through a time when you feel everybody has rejected you. You feel that the whole world is against you," she says.
Through an initiative of the charity Open Doors, Damaris started receiving many letters from people from all over the world: "They came from Germany, Norway, Canada, India… I realised there were people who were concerned about me," she says.
Damaris applied for a job at another church and got it. She says she is grateful for "new beginnings" on many different fronts – not least with the fact that, after having to postpone her second wedding in 2014 due to financial constraints, she and her fiancée Steve finally have been able to marry.
Now, when Damaris looks at pictures of Jackson, she says "the pain is not as intense as it used to be".
She has continued as a musician and singer, something Jackson had always encouraged. And having had the experience of being encouraged by people, she has released her second CD.
The title, Kwango Kingine (New Level), sums up how she has come through years of grieving. "It has been a hard time, but God strengthened me and gave me friends who prayed for and encouraged me from all over the world. My faith is now stronger and greater than it was," she says.
Damaris hopes to be able to encourage others: "I want to encourage people who are going through fire, to stand firm and serve God, and He will help them to heal others," she says.
World Watch Monitor, published with permission.


text:
Luling church rolling out red carpet for lapsed gators
By Peter Finney Jr.
Clarion Herald
Alligators are a dime a dozen in south Louisiana, but Father Stephen Dardis, pastor of Holy Family Church in Luling, said he was dutifully impressed by the ambitious journey of a 7-foot gator that ended within a few feet of the front steps of the church.
"We have a canal literally right off the parking lot, and I've been seeing larger gators over the last few weeks further south on that canal," Father Dardis said. "Definitely, in the Luling area, gators are kind of a thing. It's not uncommon down here."
Parishioner Arthur Bosworth, who helps out with gardening and landscaping at the parish, first spotted the gator.
"He saw it first near the church doors and then it made its way onto the lawn," Father Dardis said. "Not everybody here is an expert, so we called the police department and they referred us to the wildlife (authorities)."
It took about 30 minutes for the wildlife personnel to respond and lasso the gator without incident.
"They said they were going to bring it to a happy place where there's lot of animals of its own kind and in a natural habitat," Father Dardis said.
Father Dardis grew up in uptown New Orleans – about 25 miles east of Luling – so "we didn't see those kinds of things. But it's pretty common here for somebody here to have a snake or a gator. I've ridden my bike on a bike path along that canal, and I've seen four or five in the last three weeks. They're getting kind of big, so somebody's feeding them!"
The parish had some fun with the gator's timing. On June 5-6 – the Feast of Corpus Christi – the Archdiocese of New Orleans will restore the obligation for Catholics to attend Mass.
The parish's Facebook page read: "Even the alligators are coming back to church! All are welcome!"
pfinney@clarionherald.org


When renters see the John Deere logo on the side of a machine, they know it will be easy to run, ultra-reliable, and highly productive. "John Deere has been around for so many years," says Brian Grant, president, Grant's Rental, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. "People recognize the name and know that the brand represents quality. That gets their attention and gets them in the door."
"Uptime is paramount in the rental business. If equipment is down, you get a bad reputation. Deere machines are exceptionally reliable, plus they're easy to maintain and service, so they're always up and running. That's why customers keep coming back for them. We can't keep them in the store."
Grant's Rental's John Deere 319E Compact Track Loader (CTL) is extremely popular with small contractors, landscapers, and homeowners. "Deere machines are easy to operate and user friendly. We spend an hour training our customers on how to run the equipment, and they're able to pick it up really quickly."
The 319E is equipped with 320-mm-wide tracks that provide more stability with decreased ground pressure. "Parts of the South Shore get very wet in the spring. This allows us to earn income on rentals during the wet season, which we wouldn't be able to do on a rubber-tire skid steer. And the machine is versatile. In addition to forks and buckets, we offer a variety of other attachments, including a landscape rake, a grapple, an auger, and a Harley rake."
The company also rents two John Deere compact excavators: a 35G and a 17D. The 35G is popular for larger trench and foundation work. "Some of our contractor customers do patios and walkways, and use the thumb attachment to move large boulders, granite pieces, and curbs. The machine is powerful, yet very smooth. And with reduced tail swing, the machines can rotate in tight areas without running into anything."
The 17D is popular with electrical contractors who use it to trench for electrical lines. "It has a variable-width undercarriage that can be retracted to navigate through narrow openings. And its small footprint makes it great for working in close quarters. It has some weight and surprising power to it, too, so it can pick up large rocks, and it can dig to a really impressive depth [2.17 m (7 f. 1 in.)] for its size."
Grant's Rental had competitor machines in its feet for many years before switching to Deere. "Our local John Deere dealer approached us and offered us a great value in terms of price and service. And John Deere Financial offered us low rates and flexible terms — Deere is a great all-around partner."
Service from the local dealer has been excellent. "They're very responsive. They've come out to the store to fix things and helped us with warranty. They've even gone out to a customer site when necessary to resolve issues. The problems have been minimal, but that's important for us to keep up and running."
Parts support has been excellent. "That's huge in the rental business. I don't have a large, deep fleet, so when I need parts, I need them right away. I'm able to drive to a dealer location and get parts within 15 minutes if they are in stock. If not, our dealer can get them usually within 24 hours."
"John Deere and our local dealer have really stepped it up. They've offered an incredible level of sales and service support that I've really never experienced with other manufacturers. I'm very glad I switched."


To be honest..im simply not a fan of John Heder…to me it seems like every single role he plays is basically just napolean dynamite in every movie. BUT…i still really liked this movie. I love Will Ferrel.
It was hilarious…i laughed out loud tons…which is not something i do often in comedies.
Grindhouse- cool concept, and fun to watch more Tarantino- 2 Brown thumbs up!
2 Brown thumbs way up!
If you are a fan of Quentin Tarantino's movies, and whacky style of movies.. or Robert Rodriguez..you will LOVE Grindhouse…for soo many reasons.
First the entire concept is cool. Its the whole 70s style double feature film…complete with fake movie trailers before each movie. One movie is from Rodriguez, and the other from Tarantino..though he's in both himself.
Second= there are tons! of actors in this movie! ..from Bruce Willis, to Fergie, even a cameo from Nicholas cage!
Both movies are fun too. One is about zombie type people, and the other about a killer with a car. Neither are to be taken too seriously..but you actually really get into them. BTW…Zoe Bell in the second movie is not only a real stunt woman in real life, she did the car chase scene for real, and she was Uma's stunt dboule in Kill Bill! Tarantino likes her so much he just wrote her a huge piece of the movie.
Both are graphic in terms of the blood an guts etc…so its def not for any kids to watch.
Another great thing…the first half of the second movie is shot in Austin!
Go see it..def worth it. But remember to buy food and not too much to drink…its 3hrs long!
Reign Over Me- wow Adam Sandler can do drama!
Reign Over Me looked good because it had Don Cheadle..and Adam sandler playing a serious role! Well it doesnt disappoint. Its a GREAT movie. Sad..deep, and very good.
Don cheadle of course has a great performance..but the best thing about this movie is seeing Adam Sandler take a serious, deep, and sad role. He really does a great job. The hair helped..but u do forget that he is a big comedian.
Its a sad movie…but i recommend it highly for anyone to see now.
Pride was the first swimming movie we've had in a long time. It was a good story…the typical coming outta the ghetto type plotline but was unique because it is a true story and of course has Terrance Howard who is an awesome actor.
I liked it..and at least recommend it as a rental.
Bernie Mac has a role in it…and im not sure if I liked him or not. Everytime i see him i picture a comedian, and there were parts of his role in which he was to be seen as truly serious…and i cant help but see him as a funny guy.


Poland probably is not a leader in the production of electric vehicles on a large scale. Therefore one of the goals presented by the Polish Government in its Electromobility Development Plan is the development of industrial and scientific potential in this area. Simultaneously, the latest developments within the industry sector show a beginning of the good trend: GeoBike – company from Szczecin which produces electric bikes. They offer 20 different bicycle models (trekking, city bikes, cruisers etc). More information available at: geobike.com.pl/en Another promising example is the Solaris company, based in Bolechów underneath Poznań, which produces city buses: Solaris Urbino 18 electric. It is 18‐meter electric bus available in different electric engine options and different types of charging.


text:
Key says any cup funding likely less than 2013
7:04 am on 19 February 2015
Jane Patterson, Parliamentary Chief Reporter - jane.patterson@radionz.co.nz
The Prime Minister has downplayed the size of any possible taxpayer funding for New Zealand's America's Cup challenge, saying it would be more conservative than the Government's last contribution.
Emirates Team New Zealand battled it out against Oracle Team USA in San Francisco in 2013, but lost the series. Photo: AFP
Taxpayer funding is now looking more and more likely with reports in overseas media that Auckland will be on the list to host a build-up regatta after Sydney pulled out.
Economic Development Minister Steven Joyce said if New Zealand played a hosting role that would enhance the case for a government contribution.
"Certainly holding a significant part of the regatta, less than half of it's still significant, in Auckland, with Oracle for example racing which I think is the proposal I think that would be very positive from New Zealand's perspective.
"So look, we just have to wait and see and let them make their decision and announce it," said Mr Joyce.
Prime Minister John Key was asked whether taxpayers would be happy to fund what many saw as a sport for the very wealthy.
"I think if we have some of the series here then that makes it easier for the Government to put some money in.
"Certainly you know there's been obviously discussions and negotiations and in the fullness of time we're a bit caught by confidentiality agreements by when they are lifted, the Government will be able to give its response," said Mr Key.
In 2011 the Government announced it would put $36 million towards the 2013 New Zealand campaign.
Mr Key was asked whether that could be matched this time around.
"Ahh, I wouldn't want to comment on that just at this moment, you know, we are um, we're taking a fairly conservative view to it I think is the way I'd describe it."
Labour Party leader Andrew Little said there would have to be a good case for any taxpayer contribution.
"It's a sport that looks like a rich man's game - big flash yachts and well paid crew.
'I think what we do need to consider however is if we support a team and particularly if we host the series here is whether New Zealand boat builders and their suppliers and component manufacturers and sail-makers and all the others get an opportunity to showcase their skills and their technology here," said Mr Little.
Labour's America's Cup spokesperson Trevor Mallard was more enthusiastic, saying he believed the case for funding did stack up.
"During the last Cup the Government got a lot more in PAYE and GST as a result of America's Cup activity than they put in by way of support, so effectively we got the exposure for free," he said.
Mr Mallard said he had been confidentially briefed by international contacts about the America's Cup arrangements, including where the qualifying regatta would be held.
When asked if he has briefed his leader Mr Little, Mr Mallard only said that he did not 'breach confidences'.
Mr Joyce said he expected an announcement from America's Cup organisers 'reasonably soon', but didn't have a specific date.
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The Government could be close to confirming sponsorship for the America's Cup challenger Team New Zealand. Audio
Team NZ backing more likely
Govt tacking away from Cup funding
The Government says it is not keen to fund Team New Zealand's America's Cup challenge in Bermuda and believes most people oppose putting taxpayers' money into it. Audio
Team NZ confirms America's Cup challenge
Team New Zealand have confirmed they will mount a challenge for the next America's Cup yachting regatta.
Team NZ secures private funding
The Government says it's pleased that Team New Zealand has secured enough help from private donors to keep it afloat until the end of the year.
Govt mulls taxpayer funds for TeamNZ
Team New Zealand could still receive taxpayer funding for its America's Cup campaign, despite revelations boss Grant Dalton is paid $2 million a year, the Government says.
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text:
Q: How much does it cost to learn how to fly?
A: For your investment, you will acquire the basic skills needed to safely enjoy an extraordinary and unique activity for years to come—a pilot's license never expires! Cost varies by flight school and license, but it is usually about the price of a family vacation for a week (around $10,000). And, you can pay as you go, so there's no large payment due up front.
Splitting up the cost and flight time can sometimes be tricky to individuals on a budget. Most flight lessons last between 1 and 2 hours. The FAA requires a minimum of 40 hours flying experience before being eligible to take the exam. The average lesson (depending on flight school) will cost between $130 and $200 per hour. That's between $5,200 and $8000 for 40 hours. Being completely transparent, most individuals feel they are ready to take the exam after 55-60 hours of training experience ($7,150-$12,000). Those numbers are daunting to say the least. But lets try to put that into perspective: Assume an average 90 minute lesson (at $165 per hour) over 55 hours. That works out to about 37 flight lessons and $9,075. If you flew just once per week you'd need to set aside just under $250 and you'd complete your training in under 9 months. Fly twice a month for $500 and complete your training in under 18 months. Or you can go the other way and pay up front, fly 2-4 times per week and complete your training in as few as 3-4 months.
Q: What can you do with a pilot certificate?
A: The aviation industry has almost limitless possibilities. The most basic application of getting a pilots license allows the individual to fly friends and family just about anywhere at a whims notice, if even just to go have some fun checking out local landmarks or visiting more friends and family.
Other professional careers also exist: Flying banners over sporting events, pulling gliders for other individuals learning how to fly, spraying crops for farmers, running sight seeing tours for out of towners, operating jump planes for skydivers. Or there's always the private side of things flying charter jets for individuals willing to pay you to be their personal driver. You can even be an air ambulance pilot.
Then there's the "big iron" to work towards. Flying huge airlines across the continents and oceans. The opportunities are everywhere.
Q: What type of aircraft is used for flight instruction?
A: Training aircraft come in many different shapes and sizes. Each have their pros and cons but all are safe and reliable. Here at SOCO Flight Pros we use the Piper Cherokee 180. A low wing 4 passenger aircraft. It cruises around 120 knots, burns 10 gallons of fuel per hour, and can fly approximately 400 miles between fuel stops.
Q: Is it safe?
A: Flying is one of, if not THE safest mode of transportation in the world. Every year there are approximately 35,000 (fatal) car crashes in the US. Compare that to 27 airline accidents in 2015, of which zero were fatal. If you're an odds person: Car crash =1/114 chance. Plane crash =1/9,821 chance. I know where I'd rather spend my time...
Q: What experience does the instructor have?
A: Grant von Ahlefeldt has over 16 years of flying experience, accumulating more than 4,000 hours of actual flight time, 600 hours instructing, and currently works as an air ambulance pilot.
Q: What tests are required to get a pilots certificate?
A: During training, there's a short written test to take before soloing around 10-15 hours of training. A 60 question written exam is then required before a flight test with an FAA examiner. An oral exam is also conduced during the preflight portion of the FAA flight test. The short answer... Three tests are required (Presolo, Private Pilot Knowledge Written Exam, and Private Pilot Oral Exam).
Q: What are the dangers of flying?
A: Flying, just like driving, comes with some inherent dangers. However, when we fly we discuss the risks prior to each flight and how to mitigate them. When was the last time you remember anyone discussing the risks before taking the car to school or work? Much less how to mitigate those risks?
Q: How difficult/easy is it to learn how to fly?
A: Practice makes perfect... Just like driving a car, the more experience you get, the easier it gets. There are some things that are difficult and there are some things that are easy. At times it can be frustrating, but more often its extremely rewarding.
Q:How many hours are required to get a pilot certificate?
A: The FAA requires a minimum of 40 hours of flight time to obtain a Private Pilot Certificate (20 hours with an instructor and 20 hours solo). Most students take 60-80 hours. Note: these times are for flying and do not include any time spent studying on the ground with an instructor or self studying at home.
Q: Why is it called a pilot certificate and not a license?
A: If you pilot an aircraft, you probably tell friends you have a pilot's license. Right? Maybe. What you have now is a pilot's CERTIFICATE. The FAA issues LICENSES for commercial space transportation. The FAA recently began using certificate most of the time for aviation to differentiate it from space work, as well as from licenses issued by foreign nations. The FAA issues certificates for aircraft activities — airman's certificates, airworthiness certificates for vehicles and products, training, repair, etc. Today, the names license and certificates are used interchangeable by many, even by the FAA on its website. That probably is because the change was so recent that many of the subjects have not been updated. Call it what you like, but be sure to have it in your possession when piloting an aircraft.
Q:Is the aircraft certified to fly IFR?
A: The aircraft is certified for flight into Instrument Meteorological Conditions.
Q: Can I learn to fly if I get motion sick?
A: There are means to alleviate motion sickness. Dramamine usually works best but causes drowsiness. Over time, symptoms dissipate and may eventually go away completely.
Q: What kind of maintenance does the aircraft get?
A: Aircraft used for training purposes fall under a rigorous maintenance program required by the FAA. All aircraft are required to inspected by certified mechanics once a year. Training aircraft however are required to be inspected every 100 flight hours in addition to the annual inspection.
Q: Is there a minimum age requirement to learn how to fly?
A: While there is no specific age requirement to learn how to fly, The FAA does require a a minimum age of 16 to fly an aircraft by yourself, and 17 to obtain the certificate and fly with passengers. But really, there's no wrong age to start learning.
Q: What documents are required from me before I can begin learning how to fly?
A: Since 9/11, proof of citizenship documents are required before any flight instruction can begin. Acceptable documents include any of the following:
Original or government-issued birth certificate AND a government-issued picture ID or,
Valid, unexpired US Passport or,
Original Certificate of US Citizenship with raised seal or Certificate of Repatriation AND a government-issued picture ID or,
Original US Naturalization Certificate with raised seal AND a government-issued picture ID.
Q: Where can I go once I get my pilot certificate?
A: Borders disappear once you get a pilots certificate. Travel anywhere in the world! (with enough planning).
Q: How big is the airplane I'm learning to fly in?
A: Most training aircraft have between 2 and 4 seats, similar to the inside of a small car.
Q: How many lessons are required before I am allowed to control the aircraft?
A: Students get to manipulate the controls of the aircraft beginning on the very first lesson. This doesn't mean having to take-off or land, but once the instructor has the aircraft safely in the air, the student will have the ability to maneuver the aircraft.