text:
Cite me
Title: Milichiidae of the Lake Kerkini region in Greece
Authors: Brake I.
Home » About Milichiidae » Milichiidae of the Lake Kerkini region in Greece
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Milichiidae of the Lake Kerkini region in Greece
The Milichiidae from 'De Kaaistoep', The Netherlands
Taxa associated with Milichiidae
Museum holdings
The Milichiidae fauna of Greece is virtually unknown, with only Desmometopa m-nigrum, Leptometopa rufifrons and Milichia pubescens (Brake 2000) recorded. However, thanks to the efforts of Gordon Ramel, who maintained several Malaise as well as other traps near Lake Kerkini in northern Greece, close to the border to Bulgaria, this has now changed. Sadly the first parcel with specimens sent to me was lost, so that the absence of data for some traps and times as well as the low numbers in some traps are not necessarily reflecting the original collection.
Why online?
The Milichiidae specimens from the Kerkini Project were identified and the data digitized. Instead of publishing a paper I decided to publish online only, because this enables me to continually update and improve the data for each species, while still enabling the user to view only data from the Kerkini project. Everybody who reads this page and associated pages is welcome to act as a reviewer by adding comments. I will periodically review the comments and incorporate your suggestions into the text.
To add a comment to data on the taxon pages you have to click on the title of the node (e.g. the description, image or specimen). The node will open and at the bottom of the page you can click on 'Add new comment'. If you want to stay anonymous you can just make a comment without logging in (to avoid spam comments, comments are not published immediately, but have to be activated by me first. However, I promise only to delete spam comments, not critical ones). Otherwise you can either state your name in your comment or you register for an account and wait for me to activate your account. As soon as your account is activated you can log in and add comments under your user name.
Lake Kerkini region
Lake Kerkini is an artificial lake, created in 1932 on the river Strymon immediately south of the Greek border with Bulgaria and 80 km north of Thessaloniki. The area was originally an inland delta, a huge marsh where the river unloaded the debris it had collected on its journey past the Ryla and Pirin mountains of Bulgaria, and as a wetland habitat it was unique in Europe. The area is currently a RAMSAR and NATURA2000 site as well as a Wetland of International Importance for birds. (G. Ramel, pers. comm.)
To the north the lake is adjacent to the 2,000 metre Serbo-Macedonian massif (Kerkini mountains) which forms the border with Bulgaria but which is split by the narrow Ruppel Gorge through which the river enters Greece. To the southwest the lake is bordered by the 1,000 metre Mavrovouni mountains. The nature reserve includes parts of both of these mountain ranges, extending to the summit of the Kerkini mountains, all of the riverine habitat between the border and the lake, about 20 km, and has a total area of about 200 square km. The vegetation of the area is classified as para-mediterraean and mountainous mediterranean. Wetland Kerkini is the largest national park in Greece. (G. Ramel, pers. comm.)
The specimens are stored in 70% Ethanol. Most of the specimens are deposited in the Natural History Museum, London, some in the Kerkini collection and some in my personal collection. All specimen data have been digitized and specimen IDs have been given to individual specimens or lots of the same sex. Longitude, latitude and altitude data were measured with a Garmin 12 XL GPS.
Desmometopa discipalpis Papp (http://milichiidae.info/citations/17), new record for Greece (2010)
Desmometopa microps Lamb (http://milichiidae.info/citations/18), new record for Greece (2010)
Desmometopa sordida Fallén (http://milichiidae.info/citations/19), new record for Greece (2010)
Enigmilichia sp. (http://milichiidae.info/citations/20)
Leptometopa latipes (Meigen) (http://milichiidae.info/citations/21), new record for Greece (2010)
Leptometopa niveipennis Strobl (http://milichiidae.info/citations/22), new record for Greece (2010)
Leptometopa rufifrons Becker (http://milichiidae.info/citations/23)
Madiza glabra Fallén (http://milichiidae.info/citations/24), new record for Greece (2010)
Madiza sp. (http://milichiidae.info/citations/36)
Milichia ludens (Wahlberg) (http://milichiidae.info/citations/26), new record for Greece (2010)
Milichia speciosa Meigen (http://milichiidae.info/citations/27), new record for Greece (2010)
Milichiella argyrogaster (Perris) (http://milichiidae.info/citations/28), new record for Greece (2010)
Milichiella iberica Carles-Tolrá (http://milichiidae.info/citations/29), new record for Greece (2010)
Milichiella lacteipennis Loew (http://milichiidae.info/citations/37), new record for Greece (2010)
Neophyllomyza acyglossa Villeneuve (http://milichiidae.info/citations/31), new record for Greece (2010)
Paramyia hungarica Papp (http://milichiidae.info/citations/32), new record for Greece (2010)
Phyllomyza longipalpis (Schmitz) (http://milichiidae.info/citations/33), new record for Greece (2010)
Phyllomyza securicornis Fallén (http://milichiidae.info/citations/34), new record for Greece (2010)
Phyllomyza sp. Sultanitsa (http://milichiidae.info/citations/35)
All species in the list are linked to the respective taxon page which shows nomenclatural and taxonomic data, images, citations, a list of specimens and a distribution map showing only data of specimens digitized by me. There is a second link to a static taxon page which shows the respective page at the time of publication of this online paper (all produced on 19. Jan. 2010). For a table of Milichiidae collected in the Kerkini project check http://milichiidae.info/kerkini_table. All together 222 Milichiidae specimens were identified.
Many thanks to Gordon Ramel who collected all the specimens. I am grateful to Paul de Beuk who sorted out Milichiidae and forwarded them to me and to Michael von Tschirnhaus, who sent specimens, which were mistakenly identified as Chloropidae or Agromyzidae. Any comments and reviews are greatly appreciated.
The first version of this publication was published on 19. January 2010 by Irina Brake. Please cite like this:
Brake, I. 2010: Milichiidae of the Lake Kerkini region in Greece. Milichiidae online, http://milichiidae.info/content/milichiidae-lake-kerkini-region-greece, accessed on [precise date when you last viewed the online publication].
Desmometopa discipalpis (Classification), Desmometopa microps (Classification), Desmometopa sordida (Classification), Leptometopa latipes (Classification), Leptometopa niveipennis (Classification), Leptometopa rufifrons (Classification), Madiza glabra (Classification), Madiza (Classification), Enigmilichia (Classification), Milichia ludens (Classification), Milichia speciosa (Classification), Milichiella iberica (Classification), Milichiella lacteipennis (Classification), Neophyllomyza acyglossa (Classification), Paramyia hungarica (Classification), Phyllomyza longipalpis (Classification), Phyllomyza securicornis (Classification), Milichiella argyrogaster (Classification), Phyllomyza sp. Sultanitsa (Classification), Phyllomyza flavitarsis Meigen (Classification), Milichiidae (Classification), Desmometopa (Classification), Leptometopa (Classification), Milichia (Classification), Milichiella (Classification), Neophyllomyza (Classification), Paramyia (Classification), Phyllomyza (Classification), Chloropidae (Classification), Desmometopa m-nigrum (Classification), Milichia pubescens (Classification)
Mon, 2009-11-09 19:37 -- Irina Brake
Some minors:
Submitted by br on Tue, 2010-09-07 09:22
Phyllomyza sp. Sultanitsa is not linked properly (produces an error page). There is some inconsequence in spelling author names (e.g. Fallén with but Carles-Tolra without an accent). I wonder why the table only containing 219 specimens of the mentioned 1002? Moreover, there are three records with zero count?! How did you implement the table list?
Anyway, your article demonstrates the power of such internet publications!


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text:
Bassett is set free
By Lurker, November 5, 2021 in International Wrestling
Mphillips 1,320
15 minutes ago, JasonBryant said:
PA Power Wrestling
Thanks JB.
NJDan 978
20 hours ago, ShakaAloha said:
Can't the Gibsons and the Bassetts just move to another state to be able to compete and avoid the suspension?
Or can they simply transfer within the state and wrestle? It seems like the sanction is against the school, not the kids.
Lurker 1,960
30 minutes ago, NJDan said:
16 minutes ago, Lurker said:
If you are right, that's absurd. You'd be punishing kids who never transferred at all, much less transferred "with athletic intent."
2 hours ago, NJDan said:
Looks like you have some more google readings to do.
jchapman and Yellow_Medal reacted to this
gimpeltf 1,895
If I'm reading this right, the school is at least in part sanctioned for having these kids transfer in for athletic purposes which would then mean if they transferred again, it would also be for athletic reasons.
Yellow_Medal 201
It's not his fault he doesn't know how to use the google for readings.
Jim L 293
On 11/5/2021 at 2:41 PM, ShakaAloha said:
Just move to another state? I don't know anything about their family and I know that others have done that, but relocating to another state is a big deal
Plasmodium 2,042
Apple Valley places wrestlers in host families all the time. Plus, he can wrestler in HS this year.
lu1979 545
On 11/6/2021 at 11:31 AM, NJDan said:
I see that Lurker answered no to your question - I would think that the state association would have a hard time sanctioning anyone whose family decided to stop paying the cost for the Catholic school and put their kid back into the free public school that serves school district.
NJDan reacted to this
3 hours ago, lu1979 said:
I agree. I also think it would have a hard time sanctioning any kid who was blameless in the situation (or whose family was blameless). None of the articles I have seen (despite the several idiots here to claim that they know) clearly state the consequences for the kids as opposed to the school. In fact, the best way to punish the school would be to allow kids to transfer out and compete elsewhere.
Eagle26 539
I don't like that they punished the kids so harshly (since it's more of a parent decision to transfer for athletics). But I do hope this is a catalyst for change in PA. The problem is that these private schools are competing in the PIAA against public schools, but they are drawing kids from all over. I'm not sure why they don't just compete in the National Prep league with Wyoming Sem. and others. That seems like a win-win. These studs going to top private schools get the tough competition they desire and the public schools get a fair competition. I hope PIAA makes a rule about that. This would prevent these situations all together
If I need to know anything about wrestling or sports, I ask@ShakaAloha because he knows more than me.
33 minutes ago, Eagle26 said:
This is a widespread phenomenon. In NJ, Catholic (that is, private) schools mostly compete in the state tournament with public schools. Some also compete in the National prep tournament. I believe this is quite normal. Mack Lewnes, for example, won state title in Maryland and also won National Prep titles. Schools like St. Paris Graham and St. Edwards compete at states with public schools only. Most non-religious prep schools (like Blair and Wyo Sem) don't compete for state titles, but do compete for national prep titles.
1 hour ago, NJDan said:
St. Paris Graham isn't a private or parochial school. The other school is St. Edward and neither of them wrestle at, 'states.' We've learned to live with it.
Yeah, I shouldn't have made it seem like it was only a PA issue. Even though it is widespread and common, I think it's still a problem. I can't imagine many people are happy that top private schools are competing with public schools. They obviously have to be recruiting to have the kind of success they have had. I don't have a problem with parents taking their kids to the best school possible for athletic reasons either. I'd like them to keep that option, just not have them compete against the public schools.
28 minutes ago, Mphillips said:
I'm assuming you're referring to how some people mistakenly call it state.
Mphillips reacted to this
43 minutes ago, gimpeltf said:
My bad. I was thrown off by the "Saint" part of the name and, I guess, by the fact that their main rival is also named "saint." As for your other point, you should probably get over it.
AHamilton 1,026
2 hours ago, Mphillips said:
What about Bishop Sycamore?
To clear things up, as it seems there are some who don't want to look anywhere but here for their information on this:
Erik Gibson was declared ineligible, he cannot compete at all.
The coach is suspended, he cannot coach at all.
The rest of the program can go forward with a regular season as...regular....but banned from the post season. As it stands now this is the deal for the next three years.
Athletes cannot transfer schools to run from a suspension/ban, whether or not they were one of the individuals involved with the violation that caused the ban.
ShakaAloha 332
On 11/7/2021 at 3:13 AM, Jim L said:
Guys like David Taylor and Mark Hall moved to other states in high school for what appeared to be wrestling reasons.
Would it be that hard for the Bassetts or Gibsons to move to a neighboring state like NY/NJ/OH?
6 minutes ago, ShakaAloha said:
Strictly academics.
cjc007 reacted to this
nhs67 1,651
I really hope this doesn't stick. Banning middle schoolers. As if they have any real choice in any sort of manner like this. I am sure their opinion(s) can be taken into account, but they're barely teenagers ffs.
This is embarrassing.
Edited November 8, 2021 by nhs67
Lesh_Is_Morer reacted to this
25 minutes ago, ShakaAloha said:
During HS or before?
I think DT was before HS.
Mark Hall was a state runner-up in Kentucky as a 7th grader before moving to Minnesota. So I guess he technically moved before HS as well, even though he was competed in a state tournament as a 7th grader against HS kids.
gimpeltf reacted to this
1032004 1,186
7 hours ago, Lurker said:
Was Erik Gibson "the sophomore that transferred this year?"
And what determines whether the postseason ban is 20 or 36 months (or somewhere in between)?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


U.S. auto manufacturers have taken a hit in recent years, and now there's one more strikeout for the team: students aren't interested in majoring in engineering at Michigan universities, the heartland of the American auto industry.
Other contributing factors to the decline of the engineering-talent pool are: baby-boomer retirements; a drop in the number of college-age students; and fewer foreign students studying in the U.S. because of stronger education oppurtunities in their home countries. Plus, since 911, student visas have been slow coming.
Hanifin also states that studies indicate 80 percent of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP) comes from technological innovations, and to remain competitive in the global market, changes would have to be implemented at the state and federal levels.
"After our engineers and technological entrepreneurs are educated, we'll need to gather them in adequate numbers to concentrate their technical and creative capabilities in order to form 'engines for innovation' similar to what occurred several decades ago in California's Silicon Valley," he said.
The University of Detroit, College of Engineering and Science, offers engineering specializations such as mechanical, civil & environmental, electrical & computer, engineering management, product development and manufacturing.
Visit www.udmercy.edu for more information about its programs.


Since 1 April 2016 you might have to fork out an extra 3% in Stamp Duty Land Tax if you're buying an additional home. Find out how the controversial tax loading works with our Q&A.
Q. What is the 3% Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) surcharge?
HMRC calls it the 'Higher Rates on Additional Dwellings' or HRAD for short.
A. Anyone who is buying an additional residential property for £40,000 or more. This could mean a holiday home, buy-to-let or even a main residence you plan to live in (more detail on this later).
Even if you already own just a share in another property, it will count so long as the share is worth £40,000 or more.
Properties anywhere in the world are considered too. So, if you own a 30% share of a £300,000 ski chalet in Bulgaria and are buying your first home in the UK, you could be stung with the extra tax.
The higher rates of Stamp Duty Land Tax apply to the purchase of property in England and Northern Ireland also – under separate sets of legislation – in Wales and Scotland too.
This Q&A refers to the rules in England and Northern Ireland which are administered by HMRC. See further down the Q&A for more on Wales.
A. The surcharge took effect from 1 April, 2016, but it was first announced in the Chancellor's 2015 Autumn Statement.
A. Regular Stamp Duty is, these days, charged on a tiered basis (so you only pay the higher rates on the slice above any threshold – the same as income tax). But the 3% surcharge still effectively works as a slab tax. In other words, the 3% loading applies to the entire purchase price of the property.
'Main residence' refers to the home you live in, not necessarily a property you own. And which home is your main residence will be judged by HMRC as a matter of 'fact'.
This means it's not enough just to occupy a property. You'll need to demonstrate a degree of permanence and expectation of continuity for it to be your main residence.
For example, where you spend most nights and where the rest of your family lives, where you are registered to vote and where you are signed up to local doctors and dentists.
You are not able to 'elect' a main residence as you can for the purposes of Capital Gains Tax.
But replacing your main residence means that a previous one will need to be disposed of (eg, SOLD or GIFTED).
If you are moving out of rented accommodation or, say, your parents' home, this will NOT count as disposing of your main residence as you are not an owner or part-owner of that property.
Q. What if I buy another main residence before I sell my previous one?
A. If you keep your former main residence (Home A) and buy another main residence (Home B), you will probably have to pay the 3% Stamp Duty Land Tax surcharge initially on the price of Home B.
However, so long as you sell Home A within 36 months of completing on the purchase of Home B, HMRC will make a full refund of the 3% paid on Home B.
The refund applies to the sale (or other type of disposal) of any property that has been your only or main residence at some point during the 36 months leading up to the purchase.
In other words, you don't have to be moving directly out of one main residence and into a new one.
How long you have lived in a previous main residence will not be relevant, so long it qualified as your 'residence' as outlined above.
A. As of March 2017, you can apply online. Alternatively, complete one of HMRC's repayment request forms, print it off and post it to HMRC.
Until the Budget on 20 October, 2018, refund applications had to be received within three months of the sale of the old home (or, if later, within one year and 30 days of completion of the purchase of the new home).
Since then however, if the sale of the old home completes on or after 29 October 2018, the time limit for applications is extended to 12 months from the date of the sale.
HMRC reserves the right to refuse late applications.
Q. How long with the refund take?
HMRC says it aims to process all refunds within 15 working days of receiving the application. As things stand, HMRC is close to this target, although refunds had previously been taking as long as 55 working days.
If your application is successful, payments will be issued by payable order.
A. In some cases, (for example, if you are moving back to the UK after living abroad), you may sell your main residence but move into a 'stop gap' home (such as rented accommodation) before you can buy a new home.
In this case, with effect for purchases which complete after 26 November 2018, the rules allow for a 'grace period' of 36 months during which time the purchase of your next main residence will NOT be subject to the 3% surcharge.
This is so long as the former residence was your main or only home at some point during the 36 months leading up to buying the new one.
HOWEVER, for purchases that completed on or before 26 November 2018, these two '36-month tests' did NOT apply.
...to escape paying the extra 3% on the purchase.
However, so long as you are NOT married or in a civil partnership, it can sometimes be possible to get around this by the person who does not already own a property, buying the new one in their sole name.
We've had confirmation from HMRC that this will NOT be regarded as tax avoidance.
But John Shallcross, real estate lawyer and SDLT expert at law firm Blake Morgan says: "It's important that the full beneficial ownership belongs to the other person. It does not work, for example, to have the property in the name of that other person, but holding on trust for the two of you."
One problem with putting a new home in just one person's name is satisfying the lender's affordability criteria. But Ray Boulger, senior technical director at mortgage broker John Charcol, said that some banks including Metro Bank and Barclays allow two names on the mortgage agreement but just one name on the property deeds.
These are sometimes called Joint Borrower, Sole Proprietor mortgages.
Q. What if I am married and one of us owns a property?
A. The strategy of having one person (the one without an existing property) buy the new home does not work if you are married or in a civil partnership. This is because the rules will treat you as if you were joint buyers anyway, even if you're not.
"This is in contrast to the way married couples and civil partners are treated for other taxes," says John Shallcross, "although it's still not quite true to say they are treated as a single unit."
Q. What happens if I've split from my partner but I still have a share of our former home?
A. If you were married or in a civil partnership and are buying a property which completes after 22 November 2017 (the day of the 2017 Budget) there are special rules that can help you side-step the 3% surcharge when you go to buy a new home.
The rules state that, so long as you do not live in the property you are leaving and an appropriate 'property adjustment order' is made (to the benefit of the person who remains living there), the share you retain in it will NOT count against you.
In any of these cases, you will still be liable for the surcharge if you retain your interest in your old property (worth £40,000 or more) when buying a new one.
However, if you go onto sell your share of the home back to your former partner (or sell the home entirely) you may be entitled to a refund. This will come under the same replacement of a main residence rules set out above.
But John Shallcross warns: "Where the new purchase is made BEFORE the sale of the interest in your former home, there are the three-year rules to look out for.
"They state that you will need not only to dispose of the interest within three years of buying the new home, but also to have lived in the former home as your main or only residence within the three years leading up to the purchase."
He adds that, in these cases, it's worth checking the property-owning history to see if it throws up something that could 'save the day', such as replacement of a main or only residence rules.
Q. How do I work out if the value of my share is £40,000 or more when there is a mortgage?
A. The £40,000 test is worked out on the market value of your share in the property BEFORE the mortgage is taken off.
For example, if you own a house with your former partner that has a value of £240,000 and an outstanding mortgage of £200,000, your share is likely to be worth £120,000 (or perhaps a discount would apply to reflect it being only a share in a property).
It will NOT be worth the £20,000 (£240k value minus the £200k mortgage divided by 2) that you might each expect on the sale of a house.
Bear in mind that valuations are taken at the date of the NEW property purchase.
Q. I'm separated but still legally married. Will I still be linked for tax purposes if I buy a property alone?
A. If you are part of a married couple but separated in circumstances that are likely to become permanent, then if one buys a property the other will NOT automatically be treated as a joint buyer for the purposes of the 3% surcharge.
In other words, if you are buying a home that would only incur the 3% surcharge on the basis of your legal spouse's situation, you won't have to pay it.
Q. I have a second home but want to buy a further share in the one I live in. Will I be affected?
A. Purchasing additional interests in your existing home may be subject to the higher rates if you own other properties on the date of the purchase (if the payment is £40,000 or more).
As ever, it's always worth checking the rules around replacement of a main residence to see if they can save you.
Q. I am extending the lease of my leasehold flat. Surely the 3% surcharge can't apply to that?
A. Unfortunately, it can in some situations if you are paying £40,000 or more for the extension and have interests in other residential properties.
However, the rules here are not easy to apply. HMRC's amended guidance (published in November 2016) was the first mention of this and, even then, it was brief.
However, it recognised that the replacement of only or main residence exception can apply.
The old paragraph (3.6A) of the Guidance Note was not brought forward into the Manual when the guidance was moved at the end of March 2018, but the old Guidance Note can be found here.
But the example that was in chapter 9, example 13 can now be found in SDLTM09810 at Example 10.
Even better, one of the special rules for purchases completing from 22 November 2017, the day of the 2017 Budget, might help here.
They means that, if you have lived in the flat as your only or main residence throughout the period of three years leading up to the completion of the lease extension, the new exception is likely to help and the surcharge will not apply.
This is now explained in more detail in the Manual here.
Q. Can I avoid the surcharge by buying through a limited company?
A. No. You won't be able to escape the surcharge by setting up a limited company for the purpose of buying a home or homes. The extra 3% is due on nearly all purchases by limited companies, as there are very few for below the £40,000 threshold.
A. The surcharge will still apply when buying a residential property through an existing limited company. If the property is transferred into a limited company without a purchase price being paid, its market value usually applies for Stamp Duty purposes.
Properties already owned by your limited company however will not 'count against you' if you are buying a personal additional property.
A. The rules around trusts, which you can find more about within HMRC's Manual and here (they were moved at the end of March 2018 from the November 2016 guidance) are pretty complicated.
A good starting point is with John Shallcross' article, 3% Stamp Duty; HMRC's guidance debunked.
Q. What if the home I want to buy has a 'granny flat'?
A. The 3% surcharge was initially going to be applied to any property with an annex or additional property purchased alongside a main residence if the annex/additional property had a value of £40,000 or more and could be used as an independent dwelling.
However, due to what it described as a 'technical unfairness', the Government made an amendment to the Finance Act 2016 to reverse this.
Would 3% extra Stamp Duty put you off buying a second home?
No Stamp Duty is normally payable on properties that are inherited, so the 3% premium will not be relevant. That said, if you have inherited a property and go on to purchase an additional home without selling the inherited property, you may well be hit with the surcharge.
There is some reprieve for inherited properties, however. A small share (50% or less) in a single property which has been inherited within three years prior to buying another home will NOT count against you for surcharge purposes. In looking at the 50% test one adds in interests of spouses and civil partners (unless separated).
Q. What if I acquire a property by gift?
Stamp Duty Land Tax is due on the 'chargeable consideration', which is usually the purchase price, so a pure gift can be free of Stamp Duty. However, if there is a mortgage attached to the property, a proportion of its value can be liable for the tax. The same analysis is employed to see if the 3% surcharge is due.
A. The 3% loading only applies to purchases of 'dwellings'. A plot of land (even if it will subsequently be used for a home) is not counted as a dwelling, so the surcharge will never apply.
If you already own an empty plot of land and are buying an additional property, the plot of land will not count against you for purposes of the higher rates of tax.
Q. What about derelict homes?
Existing homes that are derelict should be deemed habitable for the additional tax to apply on their purchase.
But what constitutes habitable and when it should be habitable by is still under dispute, as was demonstrated when HMRC lost this recent court case.
A. A timeshare home – overseas or in the UK – will only be considered for the purposes of the higher rates of Stamp Duty if it is a dwelling AND you have a share in ownership which is equivalent to either a freehold or a lease granted with a term of seven years or more.
However, as many timeshare deals are contractual agreements to occupy a property that is owned by another person, this will not usually be the case.
A. Holiday homes – even if they are furnished holiday lets or they come with restricted use during the year – will be treated the same way as any other additional property purchases according to HMRC. It comes down to whether they are 'suitable for use as a dwelling'.
HMRC say this applies even if there are planning restrictions limiting their use to part of the year. We have come across those who disagree, particularly where the planning conditions are particularly restrictive.
A. On February 11, 2019 a consultation paper was published about making non-UK residents who are buying property in England or Northern Ireland, liable for an extra 1% Stamp Duty Land Tax on top of existing rates.
The proposals state that individuals will be treated as non-UK residents (and therefore liable for the additional tax) if they have spent fewer than 183 midnights in the UK in the 12 months leading up to the date of the purchase completing.
If the extra 1% is due, it can be reclaimed if the purchaser goes onto spend 183 midnights or more in the UK in the 12 months following the purchase.
For purchases made through trusts and companies, the proposals are much more complex.
A. The most important exemption – which is often misunderstood or even overlooked – is related to rules around the replacement of an only or main dwelling.
You can read more about this above or by heading to John Shallcross' article, The all-important rule that could see you escape the higher rates of Stamp Duty.
But there are more straightforward exceptions too.
For example you won't pay the 3% Stamp Duty Land Tax surcharge on additional homes that cost less than £40,000, nor on caravans, mobile homes and houseboats.
The purchase of non-residential properties (such as offices or warehouses) will not attract the higher rates of tax. Neither will owning any of these cause a purchase of a dwelling to be liable at the higher rates.
The purchase of a mixed-use property (a flat with the shop below for example) will be exempt from the higher rates too. But if you already own a mixed-use property (which includes a self-contained dwelling) and want to buy an additional property, it will count against you for the higher rates.
Social landlords and charities won't be liable for the 3% loading, if the usual Stamp Duty Land Tax exemption applies to them.
Q. Can I just omit to mention to my solicitor about the fact I already have an interest in another property?
A. Stamp Duty Land Tax is a self-assessed tax and it's your responsibility to make an honest return, having taken appropriate advice where necessary. If you do not complete the return honestly, it's tantamount to fraud – penalties for which could be a lot worse than a 3% Stamp Duty loading.
Q. What's changed in Wales?
A. On 1 April 2018, Land Transaction Tax replaced Stamp Duty Land Tax in Wales. The rules are broadly similar to England's but, when it comes to the 3% surcharge, there are some significant differences. These include the way the exception works around the replacement of a main or only residence. And there is no first time buyers' relief under Land Transaction Tax.
Q. What official guidance is there?
A. HMRC issued a Guidance Note on the day of the 2016 Budget. But it was criticised as being misleading in places and it failed to deal with many common scenarios. So, HMRC issued a revised Guidance Note in November the same year.
Most of the guidance was moved at the end of March 2018 into the Manual with some updates, in particular to take account of the changes made with effect from 22 November 2017. The guidance has been updated a number of times since, the latest update being in August 2018.
If you still need to refer to the November 2016 Guidance Note you will find it archived here. It has a Q&A section (not carried over into the Manual) that explains the replacement exception more clearly with examples.
The briefer online guidance was updated on 24 March 2017, when John wrote this commentary on it. HMRC consulted on fresh guidance to replace this and published it in August 2018. John's subsequent commentary can be found here.
Q. I need help working out whether the higher rates of Stamp Duty are due. What should I do?
Write to: Stamp Duty Land Tax, HM Revenue and Customs, BX9 1HD, United Kingdom. Experience varies as to how long it takes to receive a reply. HMRC recently reported that they reply to 80% of technical enquiries within 15 working days, but they seem to be slower dealing with questions on the higher rates and some taxpayers report delays of nearly two months.
Tweet: @HMRCCustomers with your query (account is serviced between 8am and 6pm). Be sure not to disclose any personal details on social media.
Post a comment below: Your entry will not be visible immediately as comments are subject to moderation, but they'll usually be posted by the next working day. Please 'vote up' comments that you find particularly helpful. And be aware that responses do not constitute financial or legal advice.
John has produced this prototype online tool taking readers through the issues. It uses Google Forms and so has limitations, but please try it and add some comments at the end when you get to "Submit Form". No responsibility is accepted to those using the tool.
HMRC's guidance of November 2016 was moved (and slightly updated) in March 2018. You will find the updated version in the Manual starting here. If you need to look at the November 2016 guidance note (PDF) you will find it here.
If you really want to get into the nitty-gritty, take a look at the legislation itself (Finance Act 2016 section 128) as amended by Finance Act 2018 Schedule 11.
COMMENTS DO NOT CONSTITUTE FINANCIAL OR LEGAL ADVICE AND ARE PROVIDED FOR GUIDANCE ONLY. IT IS ASSUMED THAT PROPERTIES ARE IN ENGLAND UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE.
ADVICE SHOULD BE SOUGHT BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH ANY TRANSACTION. THE SAME APPLIES TO THE COMMENTS SECTION OF ZOOPLA'S WEBSITE.


Have been a patient of Dr. Hartig & Jenepher Piper for over 20 years and have always highly recommended them. Their care, interest and right on diagnosis is why I have come to fully rely on them.
I have had the pleasure of having Dr. Hartig as my personal physician for many years. In today's world, I consider myself blessed to have a doctor so knowledgeable, attentive and thorough. Dr. Hartig has conducted primary diagnosis on me for 2 major issues through that time and referred me to excellent specialists who resolved the problems. I highly recommend him!
Dr. David J Hartig is similar to the following 4 Doctors near Cockeysville, MD.
Have you had a recent visit with Dr. David J Hartig? Select a star to let us know how it was.


text:
Woman of the Lake
Onna no mizûmi
Husband-and-wife team Yoshida and Okada's poetic and sensuous film probes questions of gender and sexuality.
Dir Kijû Yoshida
With Mariko Okada, Shinsuke Ashida, Shigeru Tsuyuguchi
In the 1960s and 70s, the husband-and-wife team of director Kijû Yoshida and actor Mariko Okada realised a remarkable sequence of films that probed questions of gender and sexuality in Japan. This poetic and sensuous example of their work together, based on a novel by Nobel Prize-winning author Yasunari Kawabata, charts the consequences of photographs bearing witness to an extra-marital affair falling into the wrong hands...
Print courtesy of National Film Archive of Japan.


Company Detail: Feodosia Shipbuilding Company "Morye"
Prior to the occupation, the Feodosia Shipbuilding Company "Morye" was state-owned and part of the Ukrainian military industrial complex (Ukroboronprom). After the occupation, it was one of 13 Ukroboronprom enterprises identified by the Russian government as requiring certification to be included in the Russian military industrial complex. In May 2016, a keel was laid for the first Russian naval vessel build in Crimea since 2014. The guided missile ship is part of a class of 18 vessels known as Project 22800. In September 2016, the company became subject to US sanctions. The company has increased its capacity to construct military vessels.


Local dining options close to River Grove Campground & Cabins include Athens Greek Restaurant, Old Grouch, Whifs Flap Jack House, and Vietnamese Noodle House.
The information displayed here is displayed 'as is'. Also check the website ( if listed ) for up-to-date information, prices and availability. Stay Canada is not responsible for the content of external websites. If you are the owner or operator of River Grove Campground & Cabins and wish to update or modify the content on this page including room details, specials and getaways or availability, please use our submission page.
Positives: The campground is very well kept, showers are very clean and the staff is friendly.
Negatives: Campsites are a little small.
Comments: We had a very enjoyable stay at this campground.It was very peaceful and the staff was friendly and helpful. Would definetly stay there again.
Negatives: the kids park and basketball nets are both right in the middle of the road where the cars have to drive by to enter the grounds will never go back. Very rude staff who obviously have made enough money they have forgotten about customer service.We left 1 night early of course we didnt get our money back.
Comments: i was not very happy when i checked in and was told about the 15 dollars per night extra charge for an extra vehicle.this info should be disclosed to you when your chargecardbill is finalized on the phone. had i known about this prior I never would have booked at this campground. When I asked the staff about this charge I had 3 different responses from 2 different older ladies and 1 disrespectful teenagerthey had working. moneygrab 45dollars extra for 3 nights.irefused to pay and told them I would park out of there campground.
Negatives: They charged me for the reservation I cancelled!
Comments: We wanted to stay in Drumheller on a camping trip to Banff. Drumheller is a wonderful little town with fun things to do, RIVER GROVE IS NOT ONE OF THEM!
1. They advertise rabbits on their web site, they are in a cage and kids are not allowed to touch.
2. We phoned in our reservations. I asked for power, sewer and water. When we got there we got a 15 amp site with no sewer. I was not asked what amp I wanted for my site when I made the reservation. Drumheller is hot in the summer, we couldn't run a/c. We did get water, but the water smelt like sewer water. I had to sanitize my hands after using it. The smell never went away. GROSS!
3. There is a playground for young kids,at the opening of the campground. There is traffic constantly going in and out on either side of the playground. Not safe for children.
4.Pay showers, $1 for 5 min. after paying nearly $40 for a "full service" site.
5. We requested a 30amp site for our return trip. I called a few days later. They said there was no cancellations and couldn't accommodate us. I tried to cancel the reservation and was told I couldn't because the reservation was within 7 days....wtf?!
The woman, short, older 58ish with black hair and smoked, was so obnoxious about this. I was so mad at this point. She was blunt and rude. Nowhere on their website did it post the cancellation policy.
Bottom line, do not stay at this campground. If you like rude, unaccommodating and greedy customer service then this is the place for you.
Comments: For being a campground in town I was pleased with the surroundings, as we are used to northern campgrounds or campgrounds in the mountains. The sites are relativley private due to the large number of trees. And we were shut down both nights that we stayed there because we were a little too loud (we are parents and the kids were in bed - what can I say). This says to me that they are strict on enforcing their policy and want to make it an enjoyable experience for all.
Comments: I booked a reservation for July 11 & 12/08 but my husband found out he had to work over that weekend so I called in on Sunday the 6th of July to cancel. They charged me one nights stay anyway. I told them I would keep the spot for the one night if that was the case since I was already charged for it and she told me that they would charge me again. I will never stay at that campground.
Comments: June 2008 - TERRIBLE!!! And I will write that everywhere I get the chance. DON'T GO TO THIS CAMPGROUND!!!! We had to cancel a reservation because of RV troubles and they CHARGED us for the whole amount. They will probably book out our spot later this afternoon but they don't seem to care about that. MONEY GRABBER Campground. We will be back down to Drumheller and when we come back it won't be to this campground. We will drop our dollars somewhere else. Too bad for these people!!!!!
Comments: my husband and i came to drumheller for our honeymoon and we stayed in cabin 3. there was nothing but good things to sya aboput the campground it is very family friendly and a very comforatble plac to stay!!! we will be back this summer for sure!!!
Any prices displayed for River Grove Campground & Cabins should be used as a guide only and may vary with room and dates chosen. Lower pricing may be available via the booking system if available. Not all properties are available for online booking. Please note all distances shown are approximate, and may not reflect driving or travel distances.


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text:
El estadio Los Chirijos es un estadio multiusos. Está ubicado entre las avenidas Carlos Julio Arosemena Monroy y Quito de la ciudad de Milagro, provincia del Guayas. Fue inaugurado el 17 de septiembre de 1974, es usado para la práctica del fútbol y tiene capacidad para 15 000 espectadores.

Historia
Desempeña un importante papel en el fútbol local, ya que los clubes milagreños y guayaquileños como el Atlético Milagro, Valdez Sporting Club, Milagro Sporting Club, Unión Deportiva Valdez, Guayaquil Sport Club (provisional), 9 de Octubre (provisional), Everest (provisional), Calvi Fútbol Club (provisional), Club Sport Patria (provisional), Barcelona (provisional) y Emelec (provisional) hacían y/o hacen de locales en este escenario deportivo.

El estadio es sede de distintos eventos deportivos a nivel local, así como es escenario para varios eventos de tipo cultural, especialmente conciertos musicales (que también se realizan en el Coliseo Ecuador Martínez de Milagro).

Véase también
 Deporte en Ecuador
 Fútbol en Ecuador
 Estadios de fútbol de Ecuador

Enlaces externos
Worldstadiums.com

Los Chirijos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Oarisma poweshiek, the Poweshiek skipperling, is a North American butterfly in the family Hesperiidae (skippers), subfamily Hesperiinae (grass skippers). The range of this species in Canada is restricted to southeastern Manitoba, and in the United States it historically ranged from the Dakotas to the southern Lower Peninsula of Michigan.

Description
Coloured dark brown on the upperside with an orange along the costa. The underside of the hindwings are dark grey with white veins.

Wingspan is from 24 to 30 mm.

Behaviour
The Poweshiek skipperling emerges in late June or early July and exists in the adult form for approximately a two-week period. During this time the skipperling nectars on a suite of flowers, mates and lays eggs. The larvae feed on graminoid plant species that possibly vary throughout the distribution of this species.

Conservation status
The Poweshiek skipperling was a common prairie butterfly prior to 2005, but suffered a population crash between 2005 and 2015. The Poweshiek skipperling has a NatureServe ranking of G1 or critically imperiled. It is threatened by degradation and modification of its native prairie habitat by overgrazing, invasive species, and conversion to cropland. This species was awarded endangered status under the United States Endangered Species Act in 2014 after gaining candidate status in 2011. The Poweshiek skipperling was assessed as threatened by Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) in 2003, then, in 2005, the species was added to Schedule 1 with the status threatened under the Species at Risk Act (SARA), in Canada. In 2014, the species was reassessed as endangered by COSEWIC. In February 2019, the SARA status was changed to endangered.

In 2018, the Minnesota zoo began efforts to rear them in captivity, for release in the wild. In 2022, the Minnesota zoo released over 100 individuals in to the wild.

References

External links

NatureServe. 2014. Oarisma poweshiek. NatureServe Explorer.

Further reading
Swengel, A. B. and S. R. Swengel. (2014). Paradoxes of Poweshiek Skipperling (Oarisma poweshiek) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae): Abundance patterns and management of a highly imperiled prairie species. ISRN Entomology 2014 216427.

Butterflies of North America
ESA endangered species


Welcome to R K Textile Services, Exporter and Supplier of Textile Machines and Clothing Fabrics. The company was incorporated in 2005 at Surat. We export to Indian Subcontinent, East Asia and other countries. Complete customer Satisfaction, Client friendly payment and shipment options make us the first choice of our clients. We offer a wide array of Rapier Weaving, Loom and Weaving Machines. Our Weaving, Water Jet Loom and Knitting Machines are in huge demand across the global markets. We offer Embroidery and Laser Schiffli Embroidery Machines that are best in the industry amongst others. Dyeing and Finishing Machines offered by us are reckoned all over the world for their superb quality. Along with that we offer Clothing Fabrics and Flat Knitting Machine for Textile Industry that are extremely reliable. We also provide Circular Knitting Machine for Textile Industry that are nothing but the best solution for all your needs.


PROPERTY IS SOLD! If you have been looking for the perfect place for your own hunting camp, or weekend get-a-way then look no further. This cabin sits on 16.99 all wooded acres and sells fully furnished. This acreage directly borders Wayne National Forest where you have hundreds of acres to hunt, hike and enjoy. The cabin has a full kitchen, full bath and a large living room. Upstairs you will find a large loft with a big walk out patio. You can heat the cabin with either the propane fireplace or the wood burner. The water to the cabin is supplied by a 500 gallon cistern tank. There is also a small shed behind the cabin that was used as a deer blind. The shed is wired with electric and has a heater and refrigerator. The cabin sits about 40 yards off the road and is accessed by a gated driveway. There are several tree stands in place along with a deer feeder. The topography of the property varies from flat ridge top to some steep hillside. The acreage is heavily forested and seems to hold lots of wildlife. Just up the road from this property is the "Shay Ridge" hiking and mountain biking trail that runs thru Wayne National Forest. The property has frontage on both Scottown Rd and Twp Rd 34. Annual taxes are approximately $135.00. Seller is reserving oil/gas rights. Private showings only.
View Larger Map and Get Directions This listing last updated April 22, 2016 Information here is deemed reliable but not guaranteed.


text:
Read the Sun Sentinel's award-winning journalism
Record rain swamps South Florida in waist-deep water
PNC Bank heating up with Florida economy
Susan Stocker, Sun Sentinel
Michael Walters, PNC Bank senior vice president, is overseeing four branches to open in Broward this year including their newest location in Cooper City.
Michael Walters, PNC Bank senior vice president, is overseeing four branches to open in Broward this year including their newest location in Cooper City. (Susan Stocker, Sun Sentinel)
Donna Gehrke-White, Sun Sentinel
Vacationers flock to South South Florida for the sunshine; banks come for the hot economy.
PNC Bank is one of the latest, opening 10 branches last year and expecting to add four this year, all of them in Broward County.
By the end of the year, Pittsburgh-based PNC expects to have 81 branches in the tri-county area, thanks to acquiring the branches of National City and RBC banks in the past four years.
PNC offers cheerful, state-of-the-art branches that are sun-lit and tech-friendly. Tellers at its new Cooper City branch, which opened in the past month, no longer work behind glass-encased counters. They roam the bank's lobby with iPads to take deposits, answer financial questions and even take loan applications.
Customers no longer have to line up to deposit a check or sign up to speak to a loan officer.
That type of customer service is helping PNC make inroads here, said South Florida bank analyst Ken Thomas. "Of all the big banks, PNC is among the most respected," Thomas said.
It's especially popular in Palm Beach County, where it has the most branches: 54.
"PNC is a real player in Palm Beach County," Thomas said. It has $2.5 billion in deposits and 6.3 percent market share — ahead of SunTrust, TD Bank, BB&T;, Citi and BankUnited, he said.
In Broward, PNC is the new bank on the block. It's ranked 16th in market share largely because it has been in the county for only about two years, Thomas said.
"We want to be in areas that offer good long-term growth," said Mike Walters, an Ohio transplant who is PNC's senior vice president of retail banking for South Florida. "Broward, Palm Beach and Miami-Dade counties fit that perfectly."
Broward, particularly, is a must-go-to location because it offers one of the hottest economies after the Great Recession, said Walters, who is based in Fort Lauderdale. Recent reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics have shown Broward outpacing the state and nation in pay increases. Broward's 5 percent unemployment rate also is lower than Florida's and the United States'.
PNC's weakest area is Miami-Dade County, where it has only two branches near the Broward border, Thomas said.
PNC still "has not discovered the real big money county of Miami Dade," Thomas said. "Why not?"
PNC spokesman Zoraya Suarez has an answer: It's because the bank has been rethinking the definition of growth in an era when people are banking online more.
"Growth is more than bricks and mortar," she said.
In fact, 80 percent of customers do their banking online, by smart phone or by ATM, Walters said.
The bank is attracting online customers in the tri-county area through commercial lending, wealth management and capital trust services.
PNC recently revamped its online tools to help small businesses manage their cash flow. PNC said the changes eliminate duplicate data entry, reduce errors and improve cash forecasting.
dgehrke@tribune.com or Twitter @donnagehrke
Lucky's Market closing all but one Florida store
Sold-off homes help fetch $16 million for fraud victims — and more are up for auction
Copyright © 2020, Sun Sentinel


text:
Q: Rails Collection Select in Form Not Saving HABTM Association In my Rails form, the associations aren't saving when I put a multiple collection select option in the form. Why is this?
Form
<%= form_for @entry do |f| %>
  <% if @entry.errors.any? %>

<%= pluralize(@entry.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this entry from being saved:

      <% @entry.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>

<%= msg %>

      <% end %>

  <% end %>

    <%= f.label :content %>

    <%= f.text_area :content %>

    <%= f.label :category_ids, "Categories" %>

    <%= f.collection_select :category_ids, Category.order(:name), :id, :name, {}, {multiple: true} %>

    <%= f.submit 'Submit' %>

<% end %>

Strong Parameters
private
    def entry_params
        params.require(:entry).permit(:content, :category_ids)
    end

Entry Model
class Entry < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  has_and_belongs_to_many :categories

  validates :content, :user_id, presence: true
end

Category Model
class Category < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  has_and_belongs_to_many :entries
end

Join Table
class EntriesCategories < ActiveRecord::Base
    belongs_to :entry
    belongs_to :categories
end

A: Use this:
def entry_params
    params.require(:entry).permit(:content, :category_ids => [])
end

Due to multiple selection, you will be getting an array instead of a single value. So, specify category_ids as an array while permitting params

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Shannonville, Ontario, January 8, 2020 – CTCC presented by Pirelli and KONI North America are proud to announce the extension of their partnership for the next two years. This renewed association positions KONI as a strong corporate player within the series for 2020 and 2021.
"KONI is a fantastic partner and we feel it is a great privilege to be working with Allen Briere and his team," declared series General Manager, Dominique Bondar. "We feel that this longer commitment will allow us to further the relationship to another level. We are very proud to promote such a great company."
"KONI North America is honored to continue our partnership with CTCC for not only 2020 but to show our commitment to this growing series with a 2-year agreement," said Allen Briere, Automotive Accounts Manager for KONI North America. "The series is run by a professional staff that generates great competition, amazing racing teams and a fantastic fan base which all together creates the perfect partner for us. We look forward to the support we can provide to each racer and fan with plans to most events in 2020."
KONI has been in business for 150 years, involved in automobile dampers since 1932 and has produced adjustable telescopic dampers since 1945. In addition to being a niche maker of high-performance shocks, KONI also builds shocks for trucks, buses, RVs and railway rolling stock as well.
CTCC presented by Pirelli will kick off its fourteen season in May 2020 at the Canadian Tire Motorsport Park. The official schedule can be found on our website. Fans can follow the championship via the following social media platforms: Facebook: touringcar.ca, Twitter: @ctccracing, Instagram: @ctccracing, and on our website at www.touringcar.ca.
About KONI
As a part of ITT Motion Technologies, and as they've been doing for over 80 years, KONI develops, manufactures, and markets high performance shock absorbers for many types of private and commercial vehicles, including street and racing cars, trucks, buses, recreational vehicles, and military vehicles as well as high speed trains. ITT Motion Technologies is a world leader in the development and production of components for the transport and automobile industry. www.koni-na.com
About CTCC
CTCC presented by Pirelli is a Sports Car Racing Championship and a leader in Canadian motorsport. It provides race fans with close and exciting competition between some of Canada's finest and fastest race car drivers. CTCC takes pride in the fact that it is Canadian owned and operated, and that it is one of the longest-running professional sports car series in Canada. It showcases race cars based on their original street version since 2007.
Experience the rush of CTCC racing!
Dominique Bondar
dominique@raceevents.ca


text:
Maroilles (; also known as Marolles, or simply known as Maroilles) is a cow's-milk cheese made in the regions of Picardy and Nord-Pas-de-Calais in northern France. It derives its name from the village of Maroilles in the region in which it is still manufactured.

The cheese is sold in individual rectangular blocks with a moist orange-red washed rind and a strong smell. In its mass-produced form it is around  square and  in height, weighing around  In addition, according to its AOC regulations, cheeses eligible for AOC status can be one of three other sizes:

Sorbais – (3/4) 12-12.5 cm square, 4 cm high, 550 g in weight. ripening: at least 4 weeks.
Mignon – (1/2) 11-11.5 cm square, 3 cm high, 350 g in weight. ripening: at least 3 weeks.
Quart – (1/4) 8-8.5 cm square, 3 cm high, 180 g in weight. ripening: at least 2 weeks.

History

Maroilles is often reported to have first been made in 962 by a monk in the Abbey of Maroilles. The cheese rapidly became famous throughout the region and was a favourite of several French kings including Philip II, Louis IX, Charles VI and Francis I.

Manufacture

The curd is shaped and salted before being removed from its mould and placed in a ventilated drying area for around ten days during which time a gentle light coating of bacteria develops. The cheese is then brushed and washed and cellared for at least five weeks, though periods of up to four months are not uncommon. During this time, it is turned and brushed at regular intervals to remove the natural white mould to allow its red bacteria to change the rind from yellow to red.

The finished cheese is a minimum of 45% fat, and is made in both pasteurised and unpasteurised forms. AOC status was granted in 1976 with AOP status following in 1996.
In 2005, 2,126 tons were made, of which around 6% came from the 10 fermier producers, with the remainder being made by the three industriel producers.

Similar cheeses

A number of less-common cheeses are made in northern France using very similar methods and are often listed in the "Maroilles family". These include Baguette Laonnaise (made in Laon), Boulette d'Avesnes (Avesnes-sur-Helpe), Boulette de Cambrai (Cambrai), Cœur d'Arras (Arras), Cœur d'Avesnes (Avesnes), Dauphin (Nord), Gris de Lille (Pas-de-Calais), Guerbigny (Picardy), and Rollot (Somme).

In popular culture
The very successful  2008 French film Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis jokes about the strong smell of Maroilles cheese.

See also
 List of cheeses

References

External links

French cheeses
French products with protected designation of origin
Cow's-milk cheeses
Picardy cuisine
Washed-rind cheeses


text:
Q: Execute code before response.redirect In my code, i want to update records and call EncryptPDF function. And then redirect to another page afterward.
But i found that it will not execute the code before response.redirect.
According to Microsoft information, the code will be terminate it before response.redirect.
How can i force the code to be execute before redirect to another page ?
is there any code can serves as redirect ? Thanks
If Not rec_old Is Nothing Then
    For i = 0 To rec_old.Count - 1

        rec_old.Item(i).CurrentRenumeration = False
        dc.SubmitChanges()

        If (rec_old.Item(i).RemFile Is Nothing Or rec_old.Item(i).RemFile = 0) Then
            EncryptPDF(rec_old.Item(i).RenumID, rec_old.Item(i).SID)
        End If

        If i = rec_old.Count - 1 Then
            LastRecord = True
        Else
            LastRecord = False
        End If
    Next
End If

dc.Dispose()

Response.Redirect("XXX.aspx?SID=" & Request("SID") & "&SSID=" & GetProfile() & "&returnPath=12")

A: Try calling Response.Redirect with an additional False attribute -
Response.Redirect("XXX.aspx?SID=" & Request("SID") & "&SSID=" & GetProfile() & "&returnPath=12", False)

Here is the explanation (from here http://forums.asp.net/t/1396869.aspx?Response+Redirect+True+False)
If you are processing page "A" an then you issue a redirect
Response.Redirect('Default.aspx",True)

The client will be sent the redirect for the new page and Page "A" will immediately stop processing as a thread abort will occur.  This is the default behavior of a redirect.
If you issued the redirect as
Response.Redirect('Default.aspx",False)

Then the client will be sent the redirect for the new page, but Page "A" will be allowed to continue processing.  Perhaps page "A" has cleanup work to do or something.  The client will never see the results from page "A" as they were redirected.


Following a thug, Won Deuk is brought to Park Sun Do's place, where it's confirmed the nobleman is behind the kidnapping. The report that the five thugs were sent running and that Won Deuk was no ordinary man has the nobleman so troubled by the fact, Park Sun Do decides Won Deuk must be arrested and killed somehow. He hadn't come up with the offense that would allow him to do that until an arrow narrowly misses the nobleman as it passed him to land on the beam. The arrow carried a note containing the poem Won Deuk had recited during the nobleman's 60th birthday party.
The shooter of the arrow is later revealed to be Heo Man Shik (Ahn Se Ha), the King's Royal Inspector who had come to arrest the magistrate for corruption and bribery. The arrow looked to be a warning from the Royal Inspector that he was watching the magistrate.
Park Sun Do didn't care to confirm the shooter, though, and uses the incident to bring Won Deuk in for punishment. Hong Shim had come to try get Won Deuk released under the reason of Won Deuk being a fool, but Park Sun Do was not having any of it. Won Deuk recited poetry and he heard he was a skilled fighter. He was no fool.
Unwittingly, Park Sun Do just exposed himself to being behind Hong Shim's kidnapping. No one should know about Won Deuk martial arts skills since it was never talked about. Hong Shim never told anyone about Won Deuk's fighting skills and how he saved her. Her father, Gu Dol and her villager friends all think Won Deuk had run off and left Hong Shim to make her own escape. The nobleman could only know because he's behind the kidnapping (which we know he is).
Ignoring the accusation Won Deuk makes following this slip up and regardless of Hong Shim's cries of ill treatment when Park Sun Do orders men to take Won Deuk away, Park Sun Do's intent on having Won Deuk die or Hong Shim die. Park Sun Do tells Won Deuk to shoot an arrow to prove his innocence. If he hits the target, he's the perpetrator and Won Deuk will pay with his life. If he misses, he's masking his skill, and Hong Shim will pay with her life. One way or another, Won Deuk will be punished.
Fortunately for Won Deuk, he didn't have to suffer either outcome. He gets saved by the King's Royal Inspector Heo Man Shik, who arrives to arrest the corrupt magistrate who's been using bribes to advance himself up the King's court. This allowed Won Deuk to drag Hong Shim out of harm's way following Won Deuk's attempt to remove the sword that was aimed at Hong Shim's neck, leading to calls for Won Deuk's arrest again.
In case anyone's wondering, Won Deuk whether he hit the sword, the arrow did appear to hit the sword, but not without narrowly missing Hong Shim's head. Won Deuk—or rather, Lee Yul—is a skillful archer and shouldn't have had any problems hitting any target after Won Deuk discovered could shoot it, but his aim was weakened by another memory flashing before him. This time it was an arrow being shot at him during the ambush on Mount Chunwoo.
With the discovery that Won Deuk is not only a skilled martial artist, but also a skilled archer, Hong Shim starts wondering just who Won Deuk is. No longer is she able to accept whatever her dad tells her about Won Deuk. She goes to her father wanting to hear the truth and be shown the truth by having her father take her to where he says Won Deuk is from. With her father unable to do that, Hong Shim's father starts apologising.
Whilst Hong Shim is suspecting Won Deuk isn't who her dad says he is, Won Deuk is also suspecting Hong Shim isn't who she says she is. When he asked about her to Gu Dol and his wife, he learns that she's from another family, but that's all was known. The fact she is from a noble family like her ability to read and occasional use of the Hanyang accent was suggesting—a fact Won Deuk had picked up—they seemed to have no idea.
Leaving the Gu Dol's place, Won Deuk gets spotted by Seok Ha whilst Won Deuk shops for shoes to give to Hong Shim. Following Won Deuk to the barley fields, he sets up his aim at the amnesiac Crown Prince and releases the arrow. As the arrow hurtles towards Won Deuk, Hong Shim appears into view. Behind Seok Ha's target is his sister!
Over at the palace, the Vice Premier finally has the evidence to depose Queen and Prince Seo Won. In an attempt to prove he isn't involved in the Queen's plans, Jung Jae Yoon finds the talisman the Queen denies any existence. However, after Seo Won's visit to the King, it has him decide not to make any decisions yet until they catch the real culprit behind the Crown Prince's assassination. The King decides the talisman is an act deserving of punishment, but it doesn't justify deposing. Such evidence is also not enough to prove the Queen's involvement in the assassination either.
This has the Vice Premier question whether it was lack of trust the King had in him which is causing him to order Prince Seo Won and the Chief Censor to go to Mount Chunwoo to gather evidence which relate to the assassination. The King denies it, saying that he needed to consider the Crown Prince position. He couldn't just depose Prince Seo Won so easily when he is his only heir alive.
The King's mention of Seo Won being the only heir gives the Vice Premier the perfect opportunity to announce the Crown Princess' pregnancy. With the Crown Prince believed to be dead and the Crown Princess making good with her promise to kill the baby's real father, the Vice Premier as well as the Crown Princess are now able to pass the baby off as the Crown Prince's.
Won Deuk's totally useful status multiplies 10-fold. With just a twig he finds on a tree next to him, he shows the thugs just how much they aren't his match, not even with five burly thugs welding wood and metal swords. And Hong Shim thought he was an idiot for taking them on instead of running.
Won Deuk suffers a slash across the right arm when a memory of Seok Ha pointing his sword at him freezes him. Luckily, Hong Shim's untied herself from the tree and manages to land a hit on the thug, and breaks Won Deuk out of his trance. Won Deuk finishes off the fight threatening death if they continue. They recognise they've been out-fought and make a run for it.
Won Deuk's mind is on chasing the thugs down. No way is he letting the people who threatened Hong Shim's life go. Hong Shim, though, is eying that bloody arm of his. When Won Deuk only hangs around long enough to stop her from tearing her dress to bandage his arm, a hand lingers in the air as if wanting to call him back.
Jung Jae Yoon is detained for questioning for sneaking into the Crown Princess' courtyard, along with the Queen's courtlady. To protect the Queen and her use of talismans, Chief Censor Jung Sa Yeob (Choi Woong), Jung Jae Yoon's half-brother, threw Jung Jae Yoon away to fend for himself.
However, Jung Jae Yoon's one smart, quick-witted man (Lee Yul had recognised this about him which is why Jung Jae Yoon was given the secret letter to solve) and finds the talisman the Queen denied using on the Crown Prince and Princess.
Rather than help Jung Jae Yoon, the locating of the talisman gets him in further trouble when the Vice Premier accuses him of concealing the talisman at the Crown Princess' courtyard.
Seok Ha learns that the girl who was captured by the thugs is his own sister. Whilst making his way into Songjoo Village, he saw Hong Shim's father and Gu Dol speak about the kidnapping. Seeing the cherry blossom tree Hong Shim told him was on their front yard, he put two and two together, leading him to Hong Shim at the bottom of the mountain she was held hostage.
Won Deuk's trailing of the thug leads him to Park Sun Do's place. The trashing of the house, the kidnapping was Park Sun Do's doing and he's got the magistrate working with him.
Hong Shim is full of genuine worry for Won Deuk in this episode. Hong Shim waits for Won Deuk under the moonlight like one does for her beloved. She's so worried, before heading out onto the street to wait for Won Deuk, she was barely there whilst her villager friends sat talking at the pub.
Hong Shim attentively cleans and bandages Won Deuk's wound. As she is doing this, Won Deuk's gaze catches the rope marks around her wrist and expresses he won't let the men go until he punishes those who did this to her. This brings Hong Shim to tell him about the way society works: revenge is only for the powerful, not for people like them, people who aren't recognized as people as only noble men and women are considered people.
Won Deuk doesn't promise anything with not going after powerful people. Instead, he tells her to not challenge stronger men because she doesn't want her hurt. Hong Shim bows her head with feigned obedience, agreeing to listen to what he's telling her. It's a huge change from before she learned just how capable he is as a man and a husband. Before was just a workhorse to her and she often treated him with a dismissive attitude. Now there's genuine concern and probably hidden respect for him as a very dependable, reliable man who actually has the ability to protect and care for her.
Jung Jae Yoon's meets up with a gisaeng, Ae Wol, to hand her the Crown Prince's letter for safekeeping. It's not really the Crown Prince's letter. It's a fake. He had planned this meeting knowing he would be followed by the Vice Premier's men in an attempt to retrieve the letter Jung Jae Yoon denied Vice Premier from seeing. Following the failed attempt to save himself when he found the talisman, Jung Jae Yoon revealed to the Vice Premier the truth: he was at the Crown Princess' courtyard because he was led there by an order given by the Crown Prince.
Hong Shim stays the night with Won Deuk as he wants. She tried sneaking away whilst he was apparently half asleep, but he pulls her back in, convincing her to stay next to him because his arm throbbed and needed her to support his arm. Won Deuk eventually falls asleep while Hong Shim lay awake thinking about the kidnapping incident and Won Deuk's exceptional fighting skills.
Hong Shim has questions about Won Deuk's identity again and leaves to see her dad for answers only to find he's not there. (He's out digging up the uniform Lee Yul's clothes from their house.) Hong Shim comes face to face with Heo Man Shik. In his hands grips a gold bar. He's not just a villager.
Seok Ha flashes back on the time he had no choice but to work the Vice Premier. He had gone after the Vice Premier and threatened to kill his daughter (the current Crown Princess) if he continues his search for his sister Yoon Yi Seo, but was unable to do it. He threatened to kill Vice Premier and charged at him, but was over powered and brought to his knees begging for his sister to be spared.
Won Deuk heads out early in the morning on a mission to retrieve the book he spent all his and Hong Shim's money on back in Episode 4. It turns out, this book is a ledger and what brought the corrupt magistrate down near the end of the episode. He doesn't find it. Hong Shim's gone and taken it and given it to Heo Man Shik. She's figured out Heo Man Shik's identity apparently through that brief scene where she sees him with a gold bar in his grasp.
Park Sun Do calls the magistrate over early in the morning to come up with something to arrest Won Deuk over then kill him in a straw mat all because he feels unsettled about him. Conveniently, an arrow flies past Park Sun Do and lands on a pillar of his house. It's not Won Deuk's doing, but the contents of the letter—the poem Won Deuk recited at his birthday celebrations in Episode 5—is used as proof it's Won Deuk who shot the arrow. The real shooter is actually Heo Man Shik.
In the palace, the Vice Premier's getting what he wants. The scholars are all demanded the King depose the Queen and Prince Seo Won for use of talisman on the Crown Prince and Princess.
Won Deuk's arrested and brought to the magistrates office and made to shoot an arrow to prove his innocence. It's a trap of course. Hit the target and Won Deuk is made the shooter of that arrow at Park Sun Do's place. Miss the target and Won Deuk is seen to be hiding his skills and he will kill Hong Shim.
Left with no choice, Won Deuk aims at the target at first but then turns it on the sword held against Hong Shim's throat.
Heo Man Shik shows up with the ledger Won Deuk bought, right after Won Deuk dared to aim and shoot in the direction of a nobleman. Won Deuk is saved from being tied down and beaten.
Won Deuk takes Hong Shim away with him. He apologises and hugs her for aiming the arrow at her. Here, he reveals to Hong Shim what reason made him try for the sword when he didn't even know archery. A feeling came to him when he picked up the arrow. He suddenly had this feeling it was possible to get the sword away from her with his arrow. He also reveals that a memory came to him. That is why he lost his aim. Hong Shim asks what it was about. He doesn't elaborate, only saying it could have been an illusion.
Vice Premier's told the father of the baby has been taken care of by the Crown Princess. With this confirmation, Vice Premier proceeds with revealing that the Crown Princess is pregnant with Lee Yul's child while the Crown Princess reveals the news to the Queen.
Won Deuk's wondering what Hong Shim's real identity is. She was able to read books (Episode 5), Hong Shim was able to know the book he bought was a ledger and she uses a Hanyang accent at times. Going to Gu Dol and Kkyeut Nyeo, he learns her dad is not her real dad and that she actually has another family. Her real family.
Hong Shim wondering the same about Won Deuk, too. She runs into her dad which has her demand to know. She reveals to him what she hid before: that, Won Deuk had saved her with a branch during the kidnapping incident. He also had great archery skills. Her dad tries to avoid answering, but Hong Shim wasn't letting him off easily. She asks her dad to tell her where exactly he's from and to lead the way then and there. Her dad's answer to that is "sorry". He's looking to finally reveal the truth, but we don't hear what he says exact (not till next episode).
Seok Ha's found the Crown Prince aka Won Deuk! He's been following clues over the last two days. A drawing resembling Won Deuk that was dropped by a performance troupe had his men follow the lead to Songjoo Village where Won Deuk is spotted buying Hong Shim a pear of plum blossom embroidered silk shoes.
Seok Ha is led to the barley fields where Won Deuk has arranged to meet his sister. As Seok Ha prepares to shoot his arrow at Won Deuk, his sister comes into view. It looks like he hasn't spotted her as his arrow is released and flying right for Won Deuk (or will it hit Hong Shim?!) We'll find out next episode.
This should complicate things for Seok Ha. He's yet to know Hong Shim's husband is the Crown Prince he's ordered to kill!


Last time, on "Your Turn," Laurie asked you to vote on your favorite movie for 2015. This week, I would like you to vote on your favorite up and coming book cover! These books are all scheduled to be released this year--which one would you pick up first?
Please vote, and we'll post results later this week.
P.S. I haven't read any of these books yet, so I am not explicitly endorsing them (or not).
P.P.S. If you have time, when you vote, you could also leave a comment, telling us what you look for in a book cover. For example, do you like books with people on the front, or just symbols? Do you like colorful covers, or are you more drawn to black and grey? Let us know!
Labels: Book Covers, Erin, Fantasy, Your Turn!
These are all beautiful, but I tend to prefer covers that include people so I'm casting my vote for The Glittering Court. I'm not very good at visualizing things so I like to go in with some sense of what the main character looks like - it helps me feel connected with them right away. Plus that cover is just especially pretty :) Fun poll!
Thanks, Laurie, for explaining why you like covers with people in them! I hadn't thought of it that way! I do like the colors, and the character's expression, in Glittering Court. Thanks!
I'm going to have to go with The Glittering Court as well, though I don't always prefer covers with people in them. If Curio by Evangeline Denmark was on the list, that would definitely be my favorite for 2016. I also had the pleasure of chatting a bit with that cover designer (Kirk DouPonce) at Realm Makers last year.
I prefer covers that set the tone of the novel, so the color scheme might depend on the type of novel. Since I generally prefer novels that are slightly dark, I usually prefer more muted colors, possibly with one object in a brighter color to draw our eye to its importance. I like to see movement or action in a cover, as if this was a snapshot from a moment in the book. It doesn't have to be much movement. For 2015 covers, for instance, I really liked the Red Queen cover. It has blood dripping from a crown, which is subtle movement. And perhaps I was biased in favor of that cover since I have a reference to an upside-down crown in my own manuscript. :) For 2016, I also like the cover for Passenger, those last two examples being some I like that don't have people in them.
Thanks for that link to Barnes & Noble's article as well! It's great to see a comprehensive list of what I can look forward to this year.
Thanks, Melinda! Red Queen was actually on my list for this post, until I decided to narrow the topic to 2016 titles. I haven't seen Curio, but I'll have to look it up. I love the colors in Glittering Court. And, the B&N list is fun, isn't it? I hope I have time to read most of them!
Yeah, the Glass Sword cover (Red Queen's sequel that does come out in 2016) isn't as impressive to me as the original.
Curio isn't on that B&N list since it's on a Christian publisher, but the cover is fantastic (imo).
Great idea for a "Your Turn" post!
Out of the covers above, I would have to say my favorite is The Raven King, just from the sheer beauty of it. Of course, it also piques my interest: What is up with the purple deer and all of those ravens? I also love the Rebel of the Sands cover. I love the Middle Eastern desert setting, especially the Medieval time period it seems to be set in, with the horseman in the front and the beautiful castle silhouette in the background. It also makes me curious about what is inside. I think The Crown's Game has a neat effect, since it turned the castle into the crown itself, and The Forbidden Wish is really pretty as well. But I still like The Raven King and Rebel of the Sands best.
Thanks, Hannah, for leaving such great details about why you like the covers here and what you look for in a cover. Your input helps a ton. Thanks!
I tend to like book covers that do not feature images of people so I can visualize characters myself and get to know them as I read. These are all beautiful covers, but if I was deciding what to read based on the covers alone, I would be most inclined to pick up Rebel of the Sands and The Crown's Game. They look like interesting worlds I'd want to step into, and the colors and images make me feel emotion and inspire my imagination, which is important to me.
Thank you! I would love to read these ones, too. I like to imagine myself as one of the characters, which is harder to do with a person on the front. Thanks for reading!
I would have to say I like the Raven King and Rebel of the Sands covers the best. They seem like fantasy novels; mysterious, exciting, and enchanting. These are three things I always want in a book. Also, The Glittering Court and The Winner's Kiss seem like romance novels, which isn't my favorite my favorite genre.
Thanks, Spruce! I think the artwork in The Raven King is amazing, and Rebel of the Sands seems like such an intriguing setting! Thanks for your response, and for reading!
My personal favorite is The Raven King but The Crown Game is also good.
Thanks, Carl! The Raven King looks amazing, doesn't it? It reminds me of Six of Crows, from 2015. The Crown Game looks fabulous, too, but I am a little bit biased. . . it reminds me of Russia, and I would love to visit there again. Thanks!
: ) I let my 8-year-old vote (although she's too young to read these books!) and she likes The Raven King best, too! We didn't sway her vote, either!
Okay Readers! If you had to vote between The Raven King and Rebel of the Sands, which would it be? And how many of you are planning to read the books when they come out? Thanks!


text:
South Carolina Named 3rd Best State for Business
By SC GOP
We wanted to flag that South Carolina was recently ranked among the top 3 states in the nation for doing business. With Republican policies and President Trump's booming economy we know that South Carolina's record-breaking economy will continue to grow and benefit South Carolinians across our state.
Area Development Magazine specifically cited South Carolina's workforce development programs and business incentives as reasons why the state continues to attract top-notch companies and new investments. Under President Trump's leadership, South Carolinians have seen 117,900 new jobs added, the unemployment rate drop from 4.5 percent to 3.2 percent, and an average tax cut of $1,341.00.
See more below about why South Carolina is leading the way in attracting new business:
Leading Workforce Development Programs
In South Carolina, the ReadySC program is part of the South Carolina Technical College System, and it has trained about 300,000 people since the early 1960s. It focuses on customized recruiting and training for companies locating or expanding in the Palmetto State, which lands second on this list.
Business Incentives Programs
A regular leader in this area is the state of South Carolina, which ranked first for its business incentives programs. The state has enacted a host of performance-based tax incentives that pay off for companies that create jobs and invest in their operations. There are ways to totally wipe out the corporate income tax liability, plus sales tax exemptions reducing startup and operating costs, individualized property tax incentives, and other discretionary incentives. On top of that are education and training programs.


1. I Miss the Hand Holding My Hand: This is the memory of my father's hand holding mine when I used to walk with him in the meadows. I miss him and I miss my childlike innocence.
2. Blue Flame: This is the flame of aspiration toward the summit of Beauty.
3. Winds on Meadows: Winds are taking the fragrance of the flowers on their wings to the nearby village.
4. Rapids: I am sitting on the bank of the river watching the splashes coming off the rocks and forming mini rainbows.
5. Future: The future is dramatized in this piece as the vision of Beauty.
6. Freedom: Freedom is the bird of the human soul liberated from the lures of matter.
7. Gypsy: The gypsy throws off her coat and veil and dances on the hill at sunset. It is a joyful release.
8. Waterfall: This is the memory of a waterfall of fire at Yosemite at midnight under a full moon.


text:
Bridgette M. de Gyarfas '94
Professor of Legal Analysis, Writing, and Skills | Co-Director, Southwestern's Evening Program
B.S., Computer Information Systems, 1984, Arizona State University, 1984
J.D., Southwestern Law School, 1994
Member, California State Bar and Bar of the District of Columbia
BdeGyarfas (at) swlaw.edu
BW 349
Curriculum Vitae (updated January 2023)
Bridgette de Gyarfas is an Associate Professor of Legal Analysis, Writing, and Skills. Professor de Gyarfas rejoined Southwestern as a Visiting Associate Professor of Legal Analysis, Writing, and Skills for the 2019-2020 academic term before joining as a full-time Associate Professor. Professor de Gyarfas first became a member of the Southwestern faculty in 2008, teaching legal writing, Defenses in the Law, and Selected Topics in American Law. She also served as the Director of Southwestern's Entertainment and Media Law LL.M. Online Program from 2008 to 2016. As a graduate of Southwestern, Professor de Gyarfas's roots and love for Southwestern run deep.
"I experience such enormous joy teaching law students and witnessing their journey to become great legal thinkers while bravely navigating their way through the arduous process of learning the law. "
Professor de Gyarfas recently came to us from the law firm of Buchanan & Patterson, LLP, where she litigated trust issues before the Probate Court, drafted petitions for instruction, briefs, legal memorandum, and conducted depositions. She is also Director of Operations and Managing Member at College Audition LA, LLC (CALA). CALA provides the applicant and family the knowledge, training, support, and confidence to successfully navigate the college audition and application process.
Since graduating from law school in 1994, Professor de Gyarfas has been involved in many endeavors relating to the educational process, from coaching law students through law school as well as bar preparation, to serving as Assistant Dean of Students and Professor of Legal Analysis and Writing at the first online law school, Concord University School of Law.
While in law school, Professor de Gyarfas was Managing Editor of the Southwestern Law Review, and a member of the Moot Court Honors Program. Her background also includes judicial clerkships with the Honorable Kathleen P. March, United States Bankruptcy Court, Central District of California, and the Honorable Alan M. Ahart, Kathleen P. March, and Vincent P. Zurzolo, United States Bankruptcy Court, Central District of California.
LAWS I - Legal Analysis, Writing, and Skills
LAWS II: Negotiation
Professor Catherine Carpenter '76 and Professor Bridgette de Gyarfas '94 Appointed New Co-Directors of Evening Program
As part of Southwestern's commitment to student-centered learning and support, we proudly introduce our new Part-Time Evening Program Co-Directors, Professor Catherine Carpenter '76 and
License to Lose, LOS ANGELES LAWYER (September 1997)
Right of Publicity v. Fiction-Based Art: Which Deserves More Protection?, 15 LOYOLA OF LOS ANGELES ENTERTAINMENT LAW JOURNAL 381 (1995).
Legal Analysis, Writing, and Skills (LAWS) I


text:
Finding Gog
By Jack Kelley Wednesday January 8th, 2014 About 8 Minutes to Read
Home » End Times Prophecy » Finding Gog
(This is an update of a study I first posted in Nov. 2003. I'm posting it again because of the impressive rise of Vladimir Putin, who some have suggested could be the "Gog" of the Bible.)
Those who labor to understand the nuances of the battle described in Ezekiel 38-39 quickly identify two major puzzles. One is the timing of the battle and the other is the identity of Gog, from Magog. Suffice it to say here that almost no scholar, certainly none I'm aware of, believes the battle of Ezekiel 38-39 has already taken place. Some believe it will occur just before the beginning of Daniel's 70th Week, others believe Ezekiel is actually describing the Battle of Armageddon, which would put it at the end of the Great Tribulation, and a few believe it will take place at the end of the Millennium, primarily due to the mention of Gog and Magog in Rev. 20:8. But all place it sometime in our future.
In my opinion, there are several reasons why Ezekiel 38 can't be part of the Armageddon scenario. First, only some nations are involved in Ezekiel 38. For example, Saudi Arabia and Western Europe are said to be on the sidelines observing and others you would expect to see, like Egypt and Jordan, are not mentioned at all, although both appear later on. But Zechariah 12:3 says that in preparation for the Battle of Armageddon all the nations of the Earth will come against Jerusalem.
Second, how is Israel going to burn the left over weapons for 7 years as Ezekiel 39:9 indicates unless there are 7 years left in which to burn them? Rev. 21:24. says the nations will walk by the light of the New Jerusalem in the Millennium, so they won't need fuel for energy then. And then you have Ezekiel 38:11 telling us that Israel will be a peaceful and unsuspecting people when the Moslem coalition strikes. Could that be possible near the end of the Great Tribulation when all the nations are gathering to attack? I don't think so.
But most importantly, Daniel's 70th week can't start until Israel is back in covenant with God and the battle of Ezekiel 38 is what causes the covenant to be re-instated. (Ezek. 39:22) Armageddon comes at the end of Daniel's 70th week, not the beginning.
As for Gog and Magog, the first thing to note is that while Magog is listed in Genesis 10, Gog is not. The list of 70 names in Genesis 10 is often called the Table of Nations because each of the men named there was the original ancestor of an ethnic group that grew to become a nation of people. For instance, Magog was the 2nd son of Japeth, one of Noah's three sons, and bore the children who in time became known to the ancient world as the Scythians. They lived in central Asia and are believed to be the forefathers of today's Russians. Many historical references support this view. For example, Josephus Flavius wrote "Magog founded the Magogians, thus named after him, but who were by the Greeks called Scythians." And in some ancient Arabic documents, the Great Wall of China is called the Ramparts of Gog and Magog. It was built to keep the Scythians out of China.
So while the Russian people of today are likely descended from Magog, there is no such biological connection for Gog to either Magog or any other ethnic group. There is an unrelated mention of a man named Gog, a grandson of Reuben, in 1 Chronicles 5:4 but there doesn't seem to be any connection between him and the land of Magog either. Clearly, while Magog refers to the millions of his descendants in today's Russia, Gog remains a single individual.
Some say he's a king or leader, and in a real sense I think that's true but I don't believe he's of the human variety. The time spanned by his three appearances in scripture make that impossible.
The first one is in the first verse of Amos 7, but you have to be reading Amos from the Septuagint translation to see it. There, Gog is identified as a king, but of a swarm of locusts. To further shroud him in mystery Proverbs 30:27 states that locusts have no king, and observers of locust swarms agree that no obvious leader directs them, as a queen would direct a hive of bees for example. The swarm of locusts led by Gog in Amos 7:1-2 was symbolic of a judgment that was to come upon the Northern Kingdom, but the Lord relented because of Amos' intercession.
(This hint also lends insight to another appearance of locusts, by the way. I'm referring to the one in Revelation 9, where a swarm of locusts comes out of the Abyss to afflict those on Earth who lack the seal of God on their foreheads. These locusts have a king named Abaddon in the Hebrew or Appolyon in the Greek. Here again, the Proverbs passage would indicate that these locusts are of supernatural origin like the ones in Amos 7, not ordinary locusts.)
The next time Gog is mentioned is in Ezekiel 38:1, where he is called by name as the leader of a coalition of what are now primarily Muslim nations attacking Israel. His final mention comes from the Book of Revelation where he again leads the people from Magog against the Lord's army at the end of the Millennium (Rev. 20:8).
Even if you're among those who place the battle of Ezekiel 38 at the end of the Millennium, the span of time between Gog's last two biblical appearances is at least 1000 years, and while I believe that some born in that era will have long life spans, there isn't any indication that natural humans born before the Millennium begins will live to see its end. This is especially true of God's enemies, since all surviving unbelievers are removed from Earth at the beginning of our Lord's reign.
So I've come to the conclusion that Gog is not a mere human, like Vladimir Putin. I think he's a supernatural figure working behind the scene. The Bible clearly states that behind the human seats of government stand supernatural figures manipulating the thoughts and actions of the world's leaders. These figures are in Satan's employ, helping in his effort to wrest ownership of Planet Earth from its Creator. The Bible offers several examples of the supernatural forces behind human thrones. I believe there are enough of these to make it a general principle.
In Isaiah 14 beginning at verse 3 the Lord began a taunt against the King of Babylon. Then in verse 12 He identified this king as Lucifer (KJV) and goes on to describe his rebellion against God and eventual fall.
In Ezekiel 28 we see a similar situation with the Lord speaking first of the human king of Tyre and then verse 11, still calling him the king of Tyre, He began describing circumstances and events no human king has ever experienced. It's clear He was again speaking of Satan.
In Daniel 10, the prophet wrote of a vision he saw in the third year of the Persian Empire while on a fast to gain understanding of prophetic events. In the 21st day of his fast an angel came to him apologizing for taking so long to reach him. He had been detained by one he called the prince of Persia and had to summon Michael the archangel for help in getting free (Daniel 10:12-13). Then in verses 20-21 the angel said he would have to continue his fight against the prince of Persia and after that the prince of Greece would come.
Angels cannot be not detained by humans, and whoever detained this angel was so powerful that it took Michael to free him. Also, the Greek Empire was still 200 years in the future at the time.
In Daniel 10:13 Michael is identified as one of the Lord's chief princes. In Daniel 12:1 we're told that Michael will protect Israel at the end of the age. And in Rev 12:7 he's seen leading the angelic host in a great battle in heaven when Satan is defeated there and cast down to Earth at the outset of the Great Tribulation. Michael is clearly a supernatural warrior leaping across the pages of history in defense of the Lord's interests. It makes sense that Satan would have a military commander leading his forces as well, since everything he does seems to mirror the actions of his Creator. With his multiple mentions in Scripture and the long span of time between appearances, Gog could easily be this commander. Maybe it's just an interesting coincidence, but one of the translations of Ezekiel 38:2 identifies Gog as the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. That makes Gog the only other one called a chief prince in the Bible besides Michael.
Only time will tell if this view is correct. But one of the great advantages of living in our day is that we won't have long to wait till we find out. You can almost hear the footsteps of the Messiah.
Have You Come To Plunder?
Amos Speaks Again … Part 4


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