text:
Clinical Trial Spotlight: Treating tumors with ThermoDox® and MR-HIFU
January 15, 2019 /in Cancer, Cancer News, Surgical Innovation, Surgical Innovation News /by Innovation District
Karun Sharma, M.D., is working with AeRang Kim, M.D., Ph.D., to evaluate the use of ThermoDox®, a heat-activated chemotherapy drug, in combination with noninvasive magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) to treat refractory or relapsed solid tumors in children and young adults.
A Phase I Study of Lyso-thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin (LTLD, ThermoDox®) and Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.
PI: AeRang Kim, M.D., Ph.D.
Status: Currently enrolling
Sponsor: Children's Research Institute
This study is looking to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin (LTLD), a heat-activated formulation of liposomal doxorubicin with unique property of heat-activated release of doxorubicin, administered in combination with magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.
MR-HIFU is an innovative device that provides precise and controlled delivery of heat inside a tumor using an external applicator. Unlike other heating systems used in local therapy, MR-HIFU is entirely non-invasive and does not use any radiation. Integration of MR imaging allows for real-time temperature monitoring for accurate and precise targeting of tumors. LTLD is a novel formulation of doxorubicin with the unique property of heat-activated release. This selective drug delivery mechanism allows for local and rapid release of doxorubicin in high concentrations in tumors when heated. This novel combination may potentiate known effective therapy to improve local control and drug delivery without increasing toxicity.
Children's National Health System and Celsion Corp, a leading oncology drug-development company, were the first to launch a clinical study in the U.S. that evaluates the use of ThermoDox® with MR-HIFU. Learn more about the clinical trial.
For more information about this trial or other trials available at Children's National, contact:
Melissa Salerno
Clinical Research Program Manager
msalerno@childrensnational.org
View more open phase 1 and phase 2 cancer clinical trials at Children's National.
The Children's National Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders is committed to providing the best care for pediatric patients. Our experts play an active role in innovative clinical trials to advance pediatric cancer care. We offer access to novel trials and therapies, some of which are only available here at Children's National. With research interests covering nearly aspect of pediatric cancer care, our work is making great advancements in childhood cancer.
https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Karun-Sharma-and-kids-MR-HIFU.jpg 300 400 Innovation District https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/idlogo1-tagline-Advances-in-Medicine.gif Innovation District2019-01-15 14:48:022019-01-17 11:24:44Clinical Trial Spotlight: Treating tumors with ThermoDox® and MR-HIFU
Osteoid osteoma successfully treated with MR-HIFU
October 2, 2017 /in Cancer, Cancer News, Orthopaedic News, Orthopaedics /by Innovation District
Doctors from the Sheik Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation at Children's National Health System have completed a clinical trial that demonstrates how osteoid osteoma, a benign but painful bone tumor that commonly occurs in children and young adults, can be safely and successfully treated using an incisionless surgery method called magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU).
Published in The Journal of Pediatrics on Aug. 17, 2017, the study compares nine patients, ages 6 to 16 years old, who were treated for osteoid osteoma using MR-HIFU with a nine-patient historical control group, ages 6 to 10 years old, who were treated at Children's National using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) surgery, the standard treatment at most U.S. hospitals. The study results show that treatment using MR-HIFU is feasible and safe for patients, eliminating the incisions or exposure to ionizing radiation that is associated with the RFA procedure. Children's National is the first U.S. children's hospital to successfully use MR-HIFU to treat osteoid osteoma.
CT-guided RFA, the most commonly used osteoid osteoma treatment, requires drilling through muscle and soft tissue into bone and also exposes the patient and operator to radiation from the imaging necessary to guide the probe that is inserted to heat and destroy tumor tissue.
"Our objective is to provide a noninvasive treatment option for children with osteoid osteoma and we're very pleased with the results of this clinical trial," says Karun Sharma, M.D., Ph.D., director of Interventional Radiology at Children's National and principal investigator for the osteoid osteoma trial. "We have now shown that MR-HIFU can be performed safely with clinical improvement that is comparable to RFA, but without any incisions or ionizing radiation exposure to children."
High-intensity focused ultrasound therapy uses focused sound wave energy to heat and destroy the targeted tumor under MRI guidance. This precise and controlled method does not require a scalpel or needle, greatly reducing the risk of complications like infections and bone fractures. It is also a faster treatment option, with expected total procedure time of 90 minutes or less. In the U.S., MR-HIFU is used to treat uterine fibroids and painful bone metastases from several types of cancer in adults, but has not previously been used in children.
This breakthrough is the latest from the Image-Guided Non-Invasive Therapeutic Energy (IGNITE) program, a collaboration of the Sheikh Zayed Institute and the departments of Radiology, Oncology, Surgery, and Anesthesiology at Children's National. The goal of the IGNITE program is to improve the quality of life and outcomes for pediatric patients through the development and clinical introduction of novel minimally invasive and noninvasive surgery technologies and combination therapy approaches. The team is led by Peter Kim, M.D., Ph.D., vice president of the Sheikh Zayed Institute.
"The use of MR-HIFU ablation of osteoid osteoma is a perfect example of our mission in the Sheikh Zayed Institute to make pediatric surgery more precise, less invasive and pain-free," says Dr. Kim. "Our leading team of experts are also exploring the use of MR-HIFU as a noninvasive technique of ablating growth plates and pediatric solid tumors. We also have another clinical trial open for children and young adults with refractory soft tissue tumors, which is being performed in collaboration with Dr. Bradford Wood's team at the National Institutes of Health, and if successful, it would be the first in the world."
In addition to Drs. Sharma and Kim, the Children's National team for the ablation of osteoid osteoma clinical trial included: AeRang Kim, M.D., Ph.D., pediatric oncologist; Matthew Oetgen, M.D., division chief of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine; Anilawan Smitthimedhin, M.D., radiology research fellow; Pavel Yarmolenko, Ph.D., Haydar Celik, Ph.D., and Avinash Eranki, engineers; and Janish Patel, M.D., and Domiciano Santos, M.D., pediatric anesthesiologists. Ari Partanen, Ph.D., a senior clinical scientist from Philips, was also a member.
https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Karun-Sharma.jpg 300 400 Innovation District https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/idlogo1-tagline-Advances-in-Medicine.gif Innovation District2017-10-02 13:57:362019-03-04 10:07:13Osteoid osteoma successfully treated with MR-HIFU
Treating osteoid osteoma with MR-HIFU
February 24, 2017 /in Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology News, Orthopaedic News, Orthopaedics, Surgical Innovation, Surgical Innovation News /by Innovation District
Karun Sharma, M.D., poses with two patients who participated in the MR-HIFU trial for pediatric osteoid osteoma.
Doctors from the Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation and surgeons from Children's National are the first in the U.S. to use Magnetic Resonance-Guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound (MR-HIFU) to treat pediatric osteoid osteoma.
The trial, led by Principal Investigator Karun Sharma, M.D., Ph.D., Director of Interventional Radiology at Children's National, began in 2015 and is demonstrating early success in establishing the safety and feasibility of noninvasive MR-HIFU as an alternative to the current, more invasive approaches to remove tumor tissue.
Osteoid osteoma is a painful, but benign, bone tumor that commonly occurs in children and young adults. Removal generally requires orthopaedic surgery to scrape the tumor from the bone or CT (computerized tomography) image-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA), which is less invasive than surgery but is associated with ionizing radiation exposure and requires drilling through muscle and soft tissue into bone.
MR-HIFU, on the other hand, is a precise and controlled method that does not require a scalpel or needle, greatly reducing the risk of complications, including infections and bone fractures. Even better, it promises reduced procedure time, typically an hour or less.
"Our team set out to provide a noninvasive and radiation free treatment option for children with osteoid osteoma and our pilot feasibility and safety trial is almost completed. We have treated 9 patients and we're very pleased with the success of the treatments so far. Although follow up will continue for another year, results to date that show that MR-HIFU may be a completely non-invasive and radiation free treatment for osteoid osteoma," Dr. Sharma says. "Several of the children we treated were very active prior to the onset of their tumor, one a soccer player and the other a swimmer, but because of pain from the tumor, they were unable to enjoy their favorite activities, until now."
"The use of MR-HIFU ablation of osteoid osteoma is a perfect example of our mission in the Sheikh Zayed Institute to make pediatric surgery more precise and less invasive," adds Peter Kim, M.D., C.M., Ph.D., Vice President of the Sheikh Zayed Institute, who leads the Image Guided Non-Invasive Therapeutic Energy (IGNITE) program.
IGNITE is a joint clinical and research collaboration between the Sheikh Zayed Institute and the Divisions of Radiology, Oncology, Surgery, and Anesthesiology at Children's National. MR-HIFU is also being used to treat pediatric refractory soft tissue tumors, a first-in-the-world clinical trial that is a collaboration between Children's National and the NIH Center for Interventional Oncology directed by Bradford Wood, MD. Additionally, the IGNITE team has started preliminary work to explore applications of MR-HIFU for noninvasive ablation of growth plates and pediatric solid tumors.
In addition to Drs. Sharma and Kim, the team for the ablation of osteoid osteoma clinical trial includes: AeRang Kim, MD, PhD, pediatric oncologist; Matthew Oetgen, M.D., Division Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine; Kaleb Friend, M.D., pediatric orthopedic surgeon; Pavel Yarmolenko, Ph.D., Haydar Celik, Ph.D., and Avinash Eranki, biomedical engineers; Viktoriya Beskin, MR technologist; and Janish Patel, M.D., and Domiciano Santos, M.D., pediatric anesthesiologists.
https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/hifu_Childrens-National_FINAL_33137.jpg 266 400 Innovation District https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/idlogo1-tagline-Advances-in-Medicine.gif Innovation District2017-02-24 15:11:302018-03-22 13:45:48Treating osteoid osteoma with MR-HIFU
Study to evaluate heat-activated chemotherapy drug
January 6, 2017 /in Cancer, Cancer News, Surgical Innovation, Surgical Innovation News /by Innovation District
Children's National Health System and Celsion Corp., a leading oncology drug-development company, will be the first to launch a clinical study in the U.S. that evaluates the use of ThermoDox®, a heat-activated chemotherapy drug, in combination with noninvasive magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) to treat refractory or relapsed solid tumors in children and young adults.
The investigator-sponsored Phase I study, which is partially funded by an NIH R01 grant, will determine a safe and tolerable dose of ThermoDox, a lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin (LTLD), which can be administered in combination with MR-HIFU. Under the guidance of an MRI, the high-intensity focused ultrasound directs soundwave energy to heat the tumor and the area around the tumor. When heated, the liposome rapidly changes structure and releases doxorubicin directly into and around the targeted tumor.
"There is currently no known cure for many patients with refractory recurring solid tumors, despite the use of intensive therapy, so we need to identify new, smarter therapies that can improve outcomes," said AeRang Kim, M.D., Ph.D., oncologist and member of the Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation at Children's National, who is also principal investigator for the study. "Recent advances in the use of noninvasive MR-HIFU coupled with novel therapies, such as LTLD, may provide us with a mechanism to noninvasively administer high concentrations of the drug directly to the site where it is most needed and avoid toxicity to other areas of the body."
A First to Treat Childhood Cancer
This is the first time LTLD is being combined with MR-HIFU and the first time it is being evaluated in children.
"Celsion's experience in combining ThermoDox with HIFU, a noninvasive next generation heating technology, supports this very important research in childhood cancers. From a safe dose, ThermoDox's proven ability to deliver high concentrations of an effective chemotherapy directly to a heated tumor makes it an ideal candidate for a trial involving children and young adults," said Michael H. Tardugno, Celsion's chairman, president and CEO. "This study will further elucidate ThermoDox's potential in combination with ultrasound-induced hyperthermia, and highlight potential applications of ThermoDox in combination with a broad range of heating technologies that could address an even larger population of patients."
A Multidisciplinary Approach
The study targeting the treatment of childhood sarcomas will be carried out as a multidisciplinary collaboration between Children's National, Celsion, and Dr. Bradford Wood's team at the National Institutes of Health.
This is the latest study from the Image-Guided Non-Invasive Therapeutic Energy (IGNITE) program, a collaboration of the Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation at Children's National and the pediatric health system's Divisions of Radiology, Oncology, Surgery, and Anesthesiology. The goal of the IGNITE program is to improve the quality of life and outcomes for pediatric patients through the development and clinical introduction of novel minimally invasive and noninvasive surgery technologies and combination therapy approaches. In 2015, doctors from Children's National were the first in the U.S. to treat osteoid osteoma, a benign and painful bone tumor, using MR-HIFU.
ThermoDox is currently in late-stage clinical trials in primary liver cancer and recurrent chest wall breast cancer. It is positioned for use with multiple heating technologies, and has the potential for applications in the treatment of other forms of cancer including metastatic liver and nonmuscle invading bladder cancers.
https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/hifu_hp.jpg 533 800 Innovation District https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/idlogo1-tagline-Advances-in-Medicine.gif Innovation District2017-01-06 14:37:182017-06-07 14:19:55Study to evaluate heat-activated chemotherapy drug
Cancer update: tumor targeting, neurofibromatosis type 1 symptoms
August 10, 2016 /in Cancer, In Brief /by Innovation District
June 6, 2016 –Targeting tumors more precisely, with fewer lasting side effects for kids
Pediatric patients with cancer are often treated with a cocktail of therapies to attack the disease through a variety of mechanisms. While this approach has been instrumental in saving children's lives, the life-saving therapies can be accompanied by acute side effects, and the treatments may have lingering impacts as cancer survivors enter adulthood. Magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) holds the promise of surgically removing large tumors without exacting the same array of harsh side effects. Ultrasound relies on high-frequency sound waves to make diagnostic images, and those same sound waves can be used therapeutically to destroy tumors. Layering on MR imaging gives clinicians the ability to precisely guide the ultrasound therapy in real time. A study led by Children's National Health System researchers and clinicians is using MR-HIFU for the first time in children to examine its safety and feasibility.
May 11, 2016 – Quantitative MRI criteria for optic pathway enlargement in neurofibromatosis type 1
Symptoms of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) vary widely, but the condition is characterized by changes in skin pigmentation and growth of tumors along nerves. The research team sought to determine quantitative size thresholds for enlargement of the optic nerve, chiasm, and tract in children aged 0.5 to 18.6 years with NF1. The study, published in Neurology, found that quantitative reference values for anterior visual pathway enlargement will enhance development of objective diagnostic criteria for optic pathway gliomas secondary to NF1.
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Twice in my life I have been forced to share a hotel room with people I didn't know until we became temporary roommates. The first was a probable serial killer and the second was an exhibitionist if there ever was one.
Flashback to my undergrad. My adviser suggested I attend a conference out-of-state, I told her I didn't have a car, and she said she'd hook me up with her other advisee. "Bo" picked me up on a gray, hungover Friday morning. He drove a black truck with a hatch meant for storing corpses. Bo also wore all black including a slicker and galoshes so the blood spatter wouldn't ruin his pants.
We had a three hour journey ahead of us. I didn't know what we'd talk about. I'd never even seen Bo before. Thankfully, or maybe not, Bo didn't speak much. We listened to NPR, which was the first time I'd heard an under-30-year-old listening to "A Prairie Home Companion." He didn't change the station when it gave way to opera. I nodded off and on in the passenger seat awakened by nightmares of Jell-O shots and Bo grunting something that was probably meant to be conversational, but affirmed my suspicions that he tortured kittens as a boy.
The conference had already begun by the time we arrived so we went straight there. It turned out we had to park a half mile away, so I thought we should hurry, but Bo took his time. He plodded down the sidewalk behind me, a silhouette in a slicker with a full-length umbrella.
Due to sparse seating at the event, I found a seat on a row ahead of Bo. During an intermission, I realized the dismal truth: Bo was the only person I knew here, and he didn't say much.
Me: "These cookies are really good."
Me: "I'm gonna go to the restroom."
Back in my seat, I glanced over my shoulder to find Bo had gotten a water bottle - and he was opening it with a switchblade. This was no mere switchblade - the blade was six inches long. Where had this knife come from? And why did he need it to open his water? It was a twist cap!
I turned slowly away, accepting that this was my roommate for the next two nights. Would I end up gutted?
I thought bonding might alleviate my anxiety or prove to Bo that I don't fit his MO, so I suggested we grab dinner once we were back in our hotel room. He drew the curtains across our window and replied, "I'm going to bed."
Me: "There's still daylight outside."
I indulged in per diem at a Bob Evans. I ordered the breakfast sampler and a full Caesar salad. I would later be asked if someone joined me for dinner.
Me: "No, I just wanted a side salad, and it fit the budget."
Back in my room I confronted the dark. Bo lay prostate beneath his comforter. It was 7 pm. Could I turn on a light? Where was his switchblade?
I retired around 11 pm. The creature stirred then. He got up and logged onto his computer. Without prompting, he announced, "I hate our college's firewall. I'm trying to log onto the server, but it's being difficult."
Me: "...Why are you doing that?"
The creature: "When you accept the hotel's terms of service, you're giving them permission to access and use your files. I don't want them snooping in my stuff."
Me (soundlessly): "What are you hiding?"
Before this I had been actively narrating all of #SerialKiller's doings on my Twitter, but my heart thudded as I recognized if he could hack into a firewall, he could obviously find my nearby Twitter with all its slanderous commentary. From the cover of my bed I deleted the day's tweets, which is one reason I don't have a better chronology of why the creature weirded me out.
A few moments later, the creature asked me where I had gotten dinner. I told him and added, "I think they're closed now."
The creature: "I guess I'll walk somewhere."
Be safe. Take your switchblade.
The next morning the creature compiled a new all black ensemble that still prominently featured his slicker, but no boots. He also blow dried his inch-long hair and didn't flush the toilet after leaving body parts inside.
Instead of faking silence with Bo, most of the day I spent stuffing my face with those "really good cookies" and Coke Zero. At lunch, however, something happened: The creature dropped his sandwich that consisted of raw meat and blood onto his tie. He attacked the stain like he would an unsuspecting victim and opened a water bottle with his handy switchblade.
At dinner that night (the whole conference ate together; don't think I went alone), the creature still had a stain on his tie. "Do you mind if we stop by my parents' house on the way back tomorrow? I want to get this dry cleaned."
Me: "You mean we're going to your lair? Your place of birth?"
I counted the hours as we approached our imminent parting. Would I make it there alive? A three hour car ride separated me from freedom and imprisonment and torture.
This blinked to a halt in the hotel parking lot. The creature announced abruptly he forgot to return his room key. "Stay here," he instructed as he exited his truck and locked the doors. Now his truck was older so the locks popped down into a hole aka eliminating the possibility of unlocking it manually. I watched the creature disappear into the hotel.
He's locked me in the truck. This is it.
"#SerialKiller is making me visit his home. #pleasdontlockmeinthebasement"
His parents, thankfully, did not live in the cornfields. When I saw their two-storey, Victorian gingerbread house with neighbors a hundred feet away, my pulse slowed. Then I remembered how people could be trapped beneath suburbia for decades and no one knows. I could still be in trouble. Maybe his parents weren't even here. What if he was going to dismember me while they were at Sunday brunch?
The parents turned out to be the total opposite to him. His mother offered us sandwiches for the road and tried to make us stay longer, which I might have agreed to if I hadn't already lied to the creature that I had to be back before sundown for a made-up meeting. They did have a basement, though. I noticed it when his mother showed me of the some of the creature's childhood drawings that did not consist of massacres and chainsaws.
Back in his truck, the creature asked if I wanted to take the scenic route back to campus. "It's through the mountains and woods."
Me: "I really need to get back sooner rather than later and still with a pulse, so passing through ideal body dumping areas sounds problematic."


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Hiking and Camping: Tax Increase Expected After Debt Waived
Last Updated on Wednesday, 18 November 2009 11:08	By Ted Carter	Wednesday, 18 November 2009 10:58	Published on Wednesday, 18 November 2009 10:58	Hits: 7095
SBJ Staff
The River's End RV Park & Campground is off the hook for repaying the city of Tybee the $7 million the city spent to buy the property.
Tybee property owners should expect a tax hike to offset the debt waiver, said Councilman Dick Smith, who engineered the new financing plan.
Tybee City Council agreed unanimously Thursday night to forgive the approximately $900,000 in principal and interest the campground has been assessed since the city's February 2006 purchase of the 18-acre site on the north side of U.S. Highway 80. Remaining principal and interest is also waived under the new financing provisions.
The action came on a motion by Smith, seconded by Wanda Doyle and supported by Paul Wolff and Barry Brown. Councilmen Eddie Crone and Charlie Brewer were absent.
Money to repay the debt will be earmarked as a line item in future city budgets. A tax increase of about 1.5 mills likely will be needed to cover the cost, Smith said.
Smith added he had been seeking the new financing arrangement for his entire two years on the council. But it is only now, as he and four other incumbents who lost seats in the Nov. 3 election are about to depart, that the measure won passage.
In an interview Wednesday night, Smith said he thinks the four members of the incoming council who voted for the 2006 purchase – Wolff, Doyle, Shirley Sessions and Kathryn Williams – should face the reality and enact the tax. "They have the responsibility to tax the taxpayers," he said.
And if a council vote on the issue were to end in a tie, Mayor Jason Buelterman should cast the deciding vote in favor of the tax. As mayor in 2006, Buelterman pushed for the city to take on the debt, Smith noted.
Buelterman voiced enthusiasm for Smith's proposal Thursday night.
Though Wolff and Doyle voted to change the campground debt payment arrangement, they made no mention of taxes. Nor did any other member of the governing body bring up taxes.
But the reality is that a tax must be enacted, said Smith, who gets to leave that chore to the new council.
No use waiting for the county to hand over Special Purpose Local Option Sales Tax money to cover the debt, Smith said, noting the county is keeping the SPLOST to design and build a new jail. And property values aren't likely to rise any time soon and thus deliver more revenue through a higher tax digest, Smith said.
The city is out of options, he insisted. "We are going to have to increase your taxes to pay for the campground."
Smith predicted the night before the council vote that he would win approval to the financing switch. "I think everybody who has half a brain will jump on this," he said Wednesday night.
The city pays up to $578,000 in debt expenses annually on the $7 million purchase. About $350,000 of the bond debt is covered from a loan to the campground from the city's general fund. The remaining debt is paid from revenues the facility generates.
Smith said before the vote it seems foolish to lend the campground money for 20 years and then have the campground spend the next 20 years repaying the loan. Why not forgive the loan and make direct general fund allocations to the debt, thus ensuring the campground begins making money after the debt is paid off in 20 years, said Smith.
As it stands, he said, "We're going to owe just as much in 20 years as we owe now. We're robbing Peter to pay Peter."
Under the plan approved by the council Thursday night, after 20 years the debt will be gone and "this really will be a cash cow," he said.
The 2006 council's reluctance to levy a dedicated tax to pay for the facility led the council to issue an Intergovernmental Recreational Bond instead of a General Obligation Bond, which would have required citywide voter approval, according to Smith.
The millage increase would have served as security for paying off the bonds.
Minutes of the Feb. 23, 2006, closed session at which the council discussed the campground purchase show that bond attorney Bill Camp advised that the land buy might take 20 years, "would have the highest interest and would take a increase of 1.4 mils" and annual payments of $528,000.
Smith said the city is stuck with the interest rate of about 5 percent because lenders have no reason to renegotiate a lower rate.
He added that a city bond counsel told him Tybee could have secured an interest rate from one-half to 1 percent lower had it gone with a General Obligation Bond instead of the Intergovernmental Recreation Bond. But Smith speculated the General Obligation Bond probably would have failed to get voter approval and, thus, council declined to try it.
Comment (0) Hits: 7095
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
SYNONYM

#### According to
IRMNG Homonym List

#### Published in
Annls mycol. 14(1/2): 95 (1916)

#### Original name
Botryella Sydow & P. Sydow, 1916

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As survivors, we take pride in our ability to live where others might fail. Sometimes one small detail can make the difference between life and death.
To fully utilize the bountiful resources nature provides requires knowledge and experience. And in any survival environment the best place to get that is from the people who call it home. The following is a case study.
In late 1535, the French explorer Jacques Cartier and his men became ice-bound near present day Quebec, Canada while attempting to sail downriver to the Atlantic Ocean. They built a fort and were forced to hunker down for the long northern winter.
Short on supplies, by December, scurvy took a heavy toll and over 50 men died. All of those who managed to hold on to life were so weak as to be of little use in fending off the angry Iroquois Indians who surrounded them. And winter had only just started.
In desperation Cartier sought out the son of an Iroquois Chief, Dom Agaya, and asked him how it was that the Indians stayed healthy while all his own men were falling to scurvy.
Fortunately for Cartier, Dom Agaya shared the secret.
The means of survival for Cartier's men was close at hand the entire time. Dom Agaya simply pulled a few needles from the closest white cedar tree (some say a pine) and boiled them into tea. When Cartier and his men drank this pine tea they almost immediately felt better. Within eight days the entire tree had been stripped bare and all the men were cured of scurvy.
You see, Pine needles contain five times the amount of vitamin C, as lemons, for the cure of scurvy.
• Grab a handful of pine needles, about 1/4 cup is all you need.
• Place in boiling water for ten to fifteen minutes.
• Add lemon and honey if available.
You now have 100% of the US RDA requirement for vitamin C.
Drink up and enjoy your woodsy brew, it tastes and smells like the pine forest from which it came.
So there you have it – as long as there is an evergreen tree handy, the knowledgeable survivor will never suffer from scurvy. And what became of the Indians who helped Jacques Cartier and his men survive that terrible winter of 1535 – 1536? Cartier kidnapped Dom Agaya, his father the Chief, and several others and brought them to France where they died. The photos above show how to make Pine Needle tea; 1, 2, 3.


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Home » Faculty » Richard L Yang, J.D.
Richard L Yang, J.D.
Assistant Professor - School of Business
- MBA, Columbia Business School
- AMP, Harvard Business School
- LLB/JD, National University of Singapore Law School
- B.Sc, State University of New York at Buffalo School of Engineering
Mr. Richard Yang is an entrepreneur and real estate developer whose companies, InnoSia Group, is engaged in residential and resort development in Malaysia, Singapore and in the U.S. Among its projects are hi-rise condominiums, single-family tract and custom homes, golf courses and resorts.
Richard has wide-ranging interests besides real estate, which lead to him founding WorldStocks.com, in 2000. At the time, the 1st online stock trading company that allows trading of equities in multiple stock markets around the world. WorldStocks.com, a member of the Australian Stock Exchange, was incorporated in Australia and Malaysia and was later merged and acquired into a Malaysian governmental entity. He is also a sought after keynote speaker and has made guest appearances on cable T.V., among them CNN's Squawk Box, as well as on-air on radio shows.
Richard has a B.S. in Industrial Engineering from SUNY Buffalo, a GLB (JD) from the National University of Singapore, and an MBA from Columbia University and completed the AMP from Harvard University. Prior to relocating to Asia, Richard has worked as an Investment Banker, Management Consultant, and in the public sector. He has advised and consulted to Fortune 500 companies such as Jockey International, Pan American Airways, International Paper, and L.L. Bean as well as a consultant to several emergents, soon-to-be privatized Russian companies. In Asia, Richard has served as Director/Executive Director of several regional Asian companies.
Work/Publications
"Bringing Light to Life - Devotionals in Laws of Business Success" (work in process)


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<?php

namespace App\UserBundle\Security;

use Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\TokenInterface;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Symfony\Component\Security\Http\HttpUtils;

/**
 *
 * @author loong
 */
class AjaxAuthenticationSuccessHandler extends \Symfony\Component\Security\Http\Authentication\DefaultAuthenticationSuccessHandler {

    /**
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    public function onAuthenticationSuccess(Request $request, TokenInterface $token)
    {
        if( $request->isXmlHttpRequest() ) {
            $json = array(
                'ok'    => true ,
                'username' => $token->getUsername() ,
            );
            return new \Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\JsonResponse($json) ;
        }
        return parent::onAuthenticationSuccess($request, $token) ;
    }
}


text:
Category Archives: Humanist Calendar
Calendar Project April 2015
Short list for April
Publication of the Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck
The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939. The book won the National Book Award[2] and Pulitzer Prize[3] for fiction, and it was cited prominently when Steinbeck won the Nobel Prize in 1962.[4] Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on the Joads, a poor family of tenant farmers driven from their Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, agricultural industry changes and bank foreclosures forcing tenant farmers out of work. Due to their nearly hopeless situation, and in part because they were trapped in the Dust Bowl, the Joads set out for California. Along with thousands of other "Okies", they sought jobs, land, dignity, and a future. (From Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grapes_of_Wrath )
Katharine Hepburn – Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (awarded 2nd of 4 academy awards), received the American Humanist Association's Arts Award in 1985.
"I'm an Atheist and that's it," said Katharine to Ladies Home Journal in 1991. "I believe there's nothing we can know except that we should be kind to each other, and do what we can for other people."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katharine_Hepburn
http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/k/katharine_hepburn.html
http://americanhumanist.org/news/details/2010-05-humanists-applaud-release-of-katharine-hepburn-commem
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 04 April
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Name & Event Reason important to Secular Humanism Calendar Month
John Steinbeck and The Grapes of Wrath    The Grapes of Wrath   First edition cover Author John Steinbeck Cover artist Elmer Hader Country United States Language English Genre Novel Publisher The Viking Press-James Lloyd Publication dateApril 14, 1939[1] Media type Print (hardcover andpaperback) Pages 619 OCLC 289946 Publishes in April
This entry was posted in Building Humanist Community, Humanist Calendar on June 30, 2015 by Danny.
Calendar Project: May 2015
May Short List
Kenneth and Mamie Clark & Thurgood Marshall, Publication of Brown versus the Board of Education, The doll experiments
Kenneth and Mamie Clark did the research that lead to Thurgood Marshall winning the Brown versus Board of Education Supreme Court ruling that ended separate but equal segregation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_and_Mamie_Clark
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurgood_Marshall
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education
The doll experiments
May 1847, Ignaz Simmelwiz institutes hand washing with cloronated lime at Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic.
Early advocate for empiricism in medicine.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignaz_Semmelweis
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 May Freedom from Religion Foundation FFRF Calendar May 2015 United Nations Observations UN Proclomations & Observances 2015 05 May
John Dewey "What Humanism means to me is an expansion, not a contraction, of human life, an expansion in which nature and the science of nature are made the willing servants of human good." — John Dewey, "What Humanism Means to Me"[36] A Humanist Manifesto, also known as Humanist Manifesto I to distinguish it from later Humanist Manifestos in the series, was written in 1933 primarily by Raymond Bragg and published with 34 signers. Unlike the later manifestos, this first talks of a new religion and refers to humanism as a religious movement meant to transcend and replace previous, deity-based systems. Nevertheless, it is careful not to express a creed or dogma. The document outlines fifteen affirmations on cosmology, biological and cultural evolution, human nature, epistemology, ethics, religion, self-fulfillment, and the quest for freedom and social justice. This latter, stated in article fourteen, proved to be the most controversial, even among humanists, in its opposition to "acquisitive and profit-motivated society" and its demand for an egalitarian world community based on voluntary mutual cooperation. The document's release was reported by the mainstream media on May 1, simultaneous with its publication in the May/June 1933 issue of the New Humanist. May 1 1933 Publication of the humanists manifesto
Kenneth and Mamie Clark & Thurgood Marshall   Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S.483 (1954), was a landmarkUnited States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which allowed state-sponsored segregation, insofar as it applied to public education. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Warren Court's unanimous (9–0) decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." As a result, de jureracial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This ruling paved the way for integration and was a major victory of the civil rights movement.[1] May 17, 1954 Publication of Brown v Board of Education
Ignaz Semmelweis   Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis[Note 1] (July 1, 1818 – August 13, 1865) (born Ignác Fülöp Semmelweis) was a Hungarian physician of German extraction[1][2] now known as an early pioneer of antiseptic procedures. Described as the "savior of mothers", Semmelweis discovered that the incidenceof puerperal fever could be drastically cut by the use of hand disinfection in obstetrical clinics. Puerperal fever was common in mid-19th-century hospitals and often fatal, with mortality at 10%–35%. Semmelweis proposed the practice of washing with chlorinated lime solutions in 1847 while working in Vienna General Hospital's First Obstetrical Clinic, where doctors' wards had three times the mortality of midwives' wards.[3] He published a book of his findings in Etiology, Concept and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever. Despite various publications of results where hand-washing reduced mortality to below 1%, Semmelweis's observations conflicted with the established scientific and medical opinions of the time and his ideas were rejected by the medical community. Some doctors were offended at the suggestion that they should wash their hands and Semmelweis could offer no acceptable scientific explanation for his findings. Semmelweis's practice earned widespread acceptance only years after his death, when Louis Pasteur confirmed the germ theory and Joseph Lister, acting on the Frenchmicrobiologist's research, practiced and operated, using hygienic methods, with great success. In 1865, Semmelweis was committed to an asylum, where he died at age 47 after being beaten by the guards, only 14 days after he was committed.     Etiology, Concept and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever is a medical book by Ignaz Semmelweis. It includes studies in hospitals conducted in Vienna in 1847, dealing largely with the field of obstretics. It was translated into English by Kay Codell Carter in 1983.   http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/blogs/freakonomics/pdf/the%20etiology,%20concept%20and%20prophylaxis%20of%20childbed%20fever.pdf May 1847, Simmelwiz institutes hand washing with cloronated lime
Calendar Project: June 2015
Short List for June 2015
On June 3,1895, Auguste Rodin's The Burghers of Calais, on a high pedestal and enclosed by an iron fence, was unveiled in the Richelieu Garden in Calais.
Auguste Rodin's sculptures are noted for his realism, especially with his focus on emotion and character. The sculpture The Burghers of Calais is a memorial to the heroism and costs of sacrifice by ordinary people and the often forgotten costs of war.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Burghers_of_Calais
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auguste_Rodin
June, 1966: Project Washoe Begins at the University of Reno, in Reno, Nevada
Allen and Beatrix Gardner begin raising the chimp Washoe as they would a human child and communicate with Washoe using American Sign Language. Washoe successfully learned to communicate and express herself with humans. Work with Washoe lead to the bioethical position that the great apes are the moral equivalent to humans.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washoe_(chimpanzee)
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 06 June Freedom from Religion Foundation FFRF Calendar 06 United Nations Observations UN Proclomations & Observances 2015 06 June
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Washoe and Allen and Beatrix Gardner Self-awareness and emotion[edit] One of Washoe's caretakers was pregnant and missed work for many weeks after she miscarried. Roger Fouts recounts the following situation: "People who should be there for her and aren't are often given the cold shoulder–her way of informing them that she's miffed at them. Washoe greeted Kat [the caretaker] in just this way when she finally returned to work with the chimps. Kat made her apologies to Washoe, then decided to tell her the truth, signing "MY BABY DIED." Washoe stared at her, then looked down. She finally peered into Kat's eyes again and carefully signed "CRY", touching her cheek and drawing her finger down the path a tear would make on a human (Chimpanzees don't shed tears). Kat later remarked that one sign told her more about Washoe and her mental capabilities than all her longer, grammatically perfect sentences." [23] Washoe herself lost two children; one baby died shortly after birth of a heart defect, the other baby, Sequoyah, died of a staph infection at two months of age. When Washoe was shown an image of herself in the mirror, and asked what she was seeing, she replied: "Me, Washoe."[24][25] Primate expert Jane Goodall, who has studied and lived with chimpanzees for decades, believes that this might indicate some level of self awareness.[25][26] Washoe appeared to experience an identity crisis when she was first introduced to other chimpanzees, seeming shocked to learn that she was not human. She gradually came to enjoy associating with other chimps.[27] Washoe also enjoyed playing pretend with her dolls, which she would bathe and talk to and would act out imaginary scenarios.[28][29] When new students came to work with Washoe, she would slow down her rate of signing for novice speakers of sign language, which had a humbling effect on many of them.[30] Impact on bioethics[edit] Some believe that the fact that Washoe not only communicated, but also formed close and personal relationships with humans indicates that she is emotionally sensitive and is deserving of moral status.[31] Work with Washoe and other signing primates motivated the foundation of the Great Ape Project, which hopes to "include the non-human great apes [chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas] within the community of equals by granting them the basic moral and legal protections that only humans currently enjoy", in order to place them in the moral category of "persons" rather than private property.[32]   June, 1966: Project Washoe Begins at the University of Reno, in Reno, Nevada
Aguste Rodin & The Burghers of Calais England's Edward III, after a victory in the Battle of Crécy, laid siege to Calais, while Philip VI of France ordered the city to hold out at all costs. Philip failed to lift the siege, and starvation eventually forced the city to parley for surrender.     Edward offered to spare the people of the city if any six of its top leaders would surrender themselves to him, presumably to be executed. Edward demanded that they walk out wearing nooses around their necks, and carrying the keys to the city and castle. One of the wealthiest of the town leaders, Eustache de Saint Pierre, volunteered first, and five other burghers joined with him.[2] Saint Pierre led this envoy of volunteers to the city gates. It was this moment, and this poignant mix of defeat, heroic self-sacrifice, and willingness to face imminent death that Rodin captured in his sculpture, scaled somewhat larger than life.   Although the burghers expected to be executed, their lives were spared by the intervention of England's queen, Philippa of Hainault, who persuaded her husband to exercise mercy by claiming that their deaths would be a bad omen for her unborn child.   http://bit.ly/RPNFhX   On June 3,1895, Rodin's The Burghers of Calais, on a high pedestal and enclosed by an iron fence, was unveiled in the Richelieu Garden in Calais
Calendar Project: July 2015
July 2015 BAH Short List
The Delcaration of Sentiments, The Seneca Falls Convention, July 19–20, 1848 and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
While an abolitionist, Elizabeth Cady Stanton was an outspoken advocate for women's rights. Beyond the right to vote, she advocated for a broad range of issues which included women's parental and custody rights, property rights, employment and income rights, divorce, the economic health of the family, and birth control. Stanton was the primary author of The Declaration of Rights and Sentiments. Modelled after the Declaration of Independence, it challenged the normative cultural treatment of women as property.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca_Falls_Convention
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Sentiments
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 07 July
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-Seneca Falls Convention and Elizabeth Cady Stanton The Seneca Falls Convention, which advertised itself as a "Womens Right Convention".—A Convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman",[1] was the first women's rights convention.[2] Held in Seneca Falls,New York, it spanned two days over July 19–20, 1848. Attracting widespread attention, it was soon followed by other women's rights conventions, including one in Rochester, New York two weeks later. In 1850 the first in a series of annualNational Women's Rights Conventions met in Worcester, Massachusetts. Female Quakers local to the area organized the meeting along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who was not a Quaker. They planned the event during a visit to the area by Philadelphia-based Lucretia Mott. Mott, a Quaker, was famous for her oratorical ability, which was rare during an era which women were often not allowed to speak in public.   July 19–20, 1848
Calendar Project: August 2015
August 2015 BAH Short List
US Cavalry takes charge of Yellowstone Park protecting it for two generations from commercialization.
In August 1886, after the downfall of Superintendent Carpenter from his criminal attempt to profit off of park lands, Sheridan ordered a company of the First Cavalry to take charge of the park. They had the means to enforce the rules and regulations of the park, and they ably administered Yellowstone for the next thirty-two years.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Yellowstone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expeditions_and_the_protection_of_Yellowstone_(1869%E2%80%931890)
Martin Luther King Jr. gave the 'I Have a Dream' speech in 1963.
"I Have a Dream" is a public speech delivered by American civil rights activist Martin Luther King, Jr. on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington, the speech was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement.[1] (from wikipedia)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Have_a_Dream
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 08 August
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Sheridan protecting Yellowstone. Yellowstone[edit] The protection of the Yellowstone area was Sheridan's personal crusade. He authorized Lieutenant Gustavus Doane to escort the Washburn Expedition in 1870 and for Captain John W. Barlow to escort the Hayden Expedition in 1871. Barlow named Mount Sheridan, a peak overlooking Heart Lake in Yellowstone, for the general in 1871.[50] As early as 1875, Sheridan promoted military control of the area to prevent the destruction of natural formations and wildlife.[51]   In 1882, the Department of the Interior granted rights to the Yellowstone Park Improvement Company to develop 4,000 acres (1620 hectares) in the park. Their plan was to build a railroad into the park and sell the land to developers. Sheridan personally organized opposition to the plan and lobbied Congress for protection of the park; including expansion, military control, reducing the development to 10 acres (4 hectares), and prohibiting leases near park attractions. In addition, he arranged an expedition to the park for President Chester A. Arthur and other influential men.[52] His lobbying soon paid off. A rider was added to the Sundry Civil Bill of 1883, giving Sheridan and his supporters almost everything for which they had asked. In 1886, after a string of ineffectual and sometimes criminal superintendents, Sheridan ordered the 1st U.S. Cavalry into the park. The military operated the park until the National Park Service took it over in 1916.[51]   President Ulysses S. Grant, on March 1, 1872, signed into law a bill making an area mostly in the Northwest corner of Wyoming Territory larger than the states of Rhode Island and Delaware combined into this nation's first national park.   Sheridan is mentioned favorably in The National Parks: America's Best Idea, Episode I, for his work saving Yellowstone National Park:[53]   Grinnell's fight against the railroad interests was soon joined by an unlikely ally—General Philip Sheridan, a cavalry hero of the Civil War and celebrated Indian fighter, who was now commander of the U.S. Army for much of the West. Sheridan even suggested that Yellowstone should be expanded to provide greater protection for the elk and buffalo. The idea was immediately opposed by Western politicians who believed that Yellowstone was already too big.   In Washington, Grinnell, Sheridan and Missouri Senator George Vest took on the railroad lobby directly, calling for an investigation into the park contracts, proposing the expansion of Yellowstone, and trying to write park regulations concerning hunting into law. While the bill to expand Yellowstone failed, Congress did appropriate $40,000 for its maintenance; however, funds to maintain the park were stripped away in August 1886. It seemed Yellowstone would have to fend for itself.   Sheridan's headstone at Arlington National Cemetery. The inscription faces Washington, D.C. Coming to the rescue, Sheridan dispatched Troop M of the First United States Cavalry to take control of Yellowstone. —Ken Burns, The National Parks: America's Best Idea August, Cavalry take over park management   Sheridan's plan generally succeeded, and Yellowstone became a national park in fact. After one failed attempt to pass Sheridan's plan, Vest pushed the bill through as a rider on the Sundry Civil Appropriations Bill signed March 3, 1883 64 (see Sundry Civil Bill for 1883 ). The final version of the act added no more land to Yellowstone, but it called for everything else that Sheridan wanted. Furthermore, Chester A. Arthur became the first President to visit the park in the summer of 1883. Arthur and his party of dignitaries–cabinet members, senators, governors, and others–left Yellowstone impressed enough that they did not stand in the way of the execution of the law. 65 In August 1886, after the downfall of Superintendent Carpenter from his criminal attempt to profit off of park lands, Sheridan ordered a company of the First Cavalry to take charge of the park. They had the means to enforce the rules and regulations of the park, and they ably administered Yellowstone for the next thirty-two years. 66 Sheridan's ironic mission to save Yellowstone's wildlife and protect it from the dominating interests of private enterprise succeeded.
Coast Guard Day Coast Guard Day (Established in 1790) August 4, 1790
  Thomas Edison received a patent for the mimeograph machine in 1876. August 8, 1876
  Transcontinental Railroad completed, 1869. August 15, 1869
Mosquito Day   August 20
  National Park Service Established 1916. 25 August 1916
American Civil Rights Movement Dream DayMartin Luther King Jr. gave the 'I Have a Dream' speech in 1963. 28 August, 1963
  Thurgood Marshall took a seat on the Supreme Court, 1967. 30 August 1967
Calendar Project: September 2015
September BAH Short List
September, 26, 1900, Jesse Lazear dies of yellow fever after allowing himself to be bite by a mosquito.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_fever
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_William_Lazear (Jesse Lazear allowed himself to be bitten by yellow fever-infected mosquitoes, and died of the disease at age 34. )
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Finlay (Carlos Finlay is credited with tying yellow fever to mosquitoes)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Reed (Walter Reed headed the commission in Cuba and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clara_Maass (Clara Maass's death ended human testing of yellow fever in August of 1901.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_experimentation_in_the_United_States
September, Hull House started in Chicago, Jane Addams and Starr established Hull House as a settlement house on September 18, 1889
The settlement movement was a reformist social movement, beginning in the 1880s and peaking around the 1920s in England and the US, with a goal of getting the rich and poor in society to live more closely together in an interdependent community. Its main object was the establishment of "settlement houses" in poor urban areas, in which volunteer middle-class "settlement workers" would live, hoping to share knowledge and culture with, and alleviate the poverty of their low-income neighbors. The "settlement houses" provided services such as daycare, education, and healthcare to improve the lives of the poor in these areas.[1] In the US, by 1913 there were 413 settlements in 32 states.[2] (From wikipedia)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Settlement_house
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Addams Jane Addams became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and is recognized as the founder of the social work profession in the United States.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_House
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 09 September
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Racheal Carson Silent Spring is an environmental science book written by Rachel Carson and published by Houghton Mifflin on September 27, 1962
Jane Addams Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935) was a pioneer settlement social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader inwomen's suffrage and world peace. In an era when presidents such as Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson identified themselves as reformers and social activists, Addams was one of the most prominent[1] reformers of the Progressive Era. She helped turn the US to issues of concern to mothers, such as the needs of children, public health, and world peace. She said that if women were to be responsible for cleaning up their communities and making them better places to live, they needed the vote to be effective in doing so. Addams became a role model for middle-class women who volunteered to uplift their communities. She is increasingly being recognized as a member of the American pragmatist school of philosophy.[2] In 1931 she became the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and is recognized as the founder of the social work profession in the United States   Addams followed the example of Toynbee Hall, which was founded in 1885 in the East End of London as a center for social reform. She described Toynbee Hall as "a community of university men" who, while living there, held their recreational clubs and social gatherings at the settlement house…among the poor people and in the same style they would in their own circle.[10] September, Hull House started in Chicago Addams and Starr established Hull House as a settlement house on September 18, 1889.[11]   Nobel Peace Prize 1931; December
Yellow fever and mosquitos Walter Reed, Jesse Lazear, Carlos Finlay   After a few months in Quemados, Lazear, together with Walter Reed (1851–1902), James Carroll (1854–1907) and Aristides Agramonte (1869–1931), participated in a commission studying the transmission of yellow fever, the Yellow Fever Board. During his research at Camp Colombia, he confirmed the 1881 hypothesis of Carlos Finlay that mosquitos transmitted this disease. A portion of his study, though, had been conducted on himself: without telling his colleagues, he had allowed himself to be bitten by yellow fever-infected mosquitoes, and died of the disease at age 34. A dormitory at Johns Hopkins University was named after him in honor of his sacrifice, as was a former chemistry building at Washington & Jefferson College, Lazear's alma mater. September, 26, 1900, Lazear dies of yellow fever after allowing himself to be bite by a mosquito.
Calendar Project: October 2015
October 2015 BAH Short List
George Carlin And Saturday Night Live, First host on October 11, 1975
Saturday Night Live first show aired on October 11, 1975 with George Carlin as its host.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Carlin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 10 October
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George Carlin And Saturday Night Live When the first show aired on October 11, 1975 with George Carlin as its host, it was called NBC's Saturday Night because ABC featured a program at the same time titled Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell. The first season of Saturday Night Live, the weekly late-night 90-minute American sketch comedy/variety show on NBC, aired during the 1975–1976 television season. Saturday Night Live premiered on October 11, 1975 First host on October 11, 1975
John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry, the under ground railroad Raid Main article: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry Harper's Weekly illustration of U.S. Marines attacking John Brown's "Fort" Brown arrived in Harpers Ferry on July 3, 1859. A few days later, under the name Isaac Smith, he rented a farmhouse in nearby Maryland. He awaited the arrival of his recruits. They never materialized in the numbers he expected. In late August he met with Douglass in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, where he revealed the Harpers Ferry plan. Douglass expressed severe reservations, rebuffing Brown's pleas to join the mission. Douglass had actually known about Brown's plans from early in 1859 and had made a number of efforts to discourage blacks from enlisting. In late September, the 950 pikes arrived from Charles Blair. Kagi's draft plan called for a brigade of 4,500 men, but Brown had only 21 men (16 white and 5 black: three free blacks, one freed slave, and a fugitive slave). They ranged in age from 21 to 49. Twelve of them had been with Brown in Kansas raids. On October 16, 1859, Brown (leaving three men behind as a rear guard) led 18 men in an attack on the Harpers Ferry Armory. He had received 200Beecher's Bibles—breechloading .52 (13.2 mm) caliber Sharps rifles—and pikes from northern abolitionist societies in preparation for the raid. The armory was a large complex of buildings that contained 100,000 muskets and rifles, which Brown planned to seize and use to arm local slaves. They would then head south, drawing off more and more slaves from plantations, and fighting only in self-defense. As Frederick Douglass and Brown's family testified, his strategy was essentially to deplete Virginia of its slaves, causing the institution to collapse in one county after another, until the movement spread into the South, essentially wreaking havoc on the economic viability of the pro-slavery states. From the Southern point of view, of course, any effort to arm the enslaved was perceived as a definitive threat.   October, 16, 1859
Calendar Project: November 2015
Arthur C Clarke, 10 November, World Science Day
Wins the Kalinga Prize in 1962 for achievements in popularizing science.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinga_Prize
UN World Science Day
Origin of the Species Published 4 November 1859
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Origin_of_Species
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 11 November
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Arthur C Clarke In a 1974 taped interview with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, the interviewer asked Clarke how he believed the computer would change the future for the everyday person, and what life would be like around the year 2001. Clarke accurately predicted many things that became reality, including online banking, online shopping, and other now commonplace things. Responding to a question about how the interviewer's son's life would be different, Clarke responded: "[H]e will have, in his own house, not a computer as big as this, [points to nearby computer], but at least, a console through which he can talk, through his local computer and get all the information he needs, for his everyday life, like his bank statements, his theatre reservations, all the information you need in the course of living in our complex modern society, this will be in a compact form in his own house … and he will take it as much for granted as we take the telephone."[37] !0 November World Science Day Kalinga Prize awaded Clarke was a lifelong proponent of space travel. In 1934 while still a teenager, he joined the British Interplanetary Society. In 1945, he proposed asatellite communication system—an idea that, in 1963, won him the Franklin Institute's Stuart Ballantine Medal.[7][8] Later he was the chairman of the British Interplanetary Society from 1946–47 and again in 1951–53.[9][10] Clarke was also a science writer, who was both an avid populariser of space travel and a futurist of uncanny ability, who won a Kalinga Prize (award given by UNESCO for popularising science) in 1961. These all together eventually earned him the moniker "prophet of the space age".[11]
Laika Laika (Russian: Лайка, meaning "Barker"; c. 1954 – November 3, 1957) was a Soviet space dog who became one of the first animals in space, and the first animal to orbit the Earth.   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animals_in_space   Laika[edit] Main article: Laika     Laika on a Romanian post stamp Laika (Лайка, "Barker"), became the first living Earth-born creature (other than microbes) in orbit, aboard Sputnik 2 on 3 November 1957. Some call her the first living passenger to go into space, but many sub-orbital flights with animal passengers passed the edge of space first. She was also known as Zhuchka (Жучка, "Little Bug") and Limonchik (Лимончик, "Lemon"). The American media dubbed her "Muttnik", making a play-on-words for the canine follow-on to the first orbital mission, Sputnik. She died between five and seven hours into the flight from stress and overheating.[10] Her true cause of death was not made public until October 2002; officials previously gave reports that she died when the oxygen supply ran out.[6] At a Moscow press conference in 1998 Oleg Gazenko, a senior Soviet scientist involved in the project, stated "The more time passes, the more I'm sorry about it. We did not learn enough from the mission to justify the death of the dog…".[11]   November 3, 1957
Baruch Spinoza First secular Jew God not directly involved in history (deism) November 11/24/1632 CE Birthday
Charles Darwin Origin of the Species November Published 4 November 1859, 2 /12/
Calendar Project: December 2015
December BAH Short List
Earthrise is the name given to NASA image AS8-14-2383, taken by astronaut William Anders during the Apollo 8 mission, the first manned voyage to orbit the Moon. Taken on December 24, 1968.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthrise
On 26 December 1898, the Curies announced the existence of a second element, which they named "radium", from the Latin word for "ray".
Marie Skłodowska-Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the only woman to win in two fields, and the only person to win in multiple sciences. She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris, and in 1995 became the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Panthéon in Paris.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium
Bertrand Russell 1950 Nobel Prize for Literature
Views on religion[edit]
Russell described himself as an agnostic, "speaking to a purely philosophical audience", but as an atheist "speaking popularly", on the basis that he could not disprove the Christian God similar to the way that he could not disprove the Olympic Gods either.[138] For most of his adult life Russell maintained that religion is little more than superstition and, despite any positive effects that religion might have, it is largely harmful to people. He believed that religion and the religious outlook serve to impede knowledge and foster fear and dependency, and are responsible for much of our world's wars, oppression, and misery. He was a member of the Advisory Council of theBritish Humanist Association and President of Cardiff Humanists until his death.[139] (from wikipedia)
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1950/russell-bio.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand_Russell
Anti-Defamation League ADL 2015 12 December
United Nations Observations UN Proclamations & Observances UN Proclomations & Observances 2015 12 December
Bertrand Russell 1950 Prize for Literature The Nobel Prize in Literature 1950 was awarded to Bertrand Russell"in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought".l Principal publications l German Social Democracy, 1896 l Foundations of Geometry, 1897 l A Critical Exposition of the Philosophy of Leibniz, 1900 l Principles of Mathematics, vol. 1, 1903 l Philosophical Essays, 1910 l (with Dr. A. N. Whitehead) Principia mathematica, 3 vols, 1910-13 l The Problems of Philosophy, 1912 l Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy, 1944 l Principles of Social Reconstruction, 1916 l Mysticism and Logic and Other Essays, 1918 l Roads to Freedom: Socialism, Anarchism and Syndicalism, 1918 l Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, 1919 l The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism, 1920 l The Analysis of Mind, 1921 l The Problem of China, 1922 l The ABC of Atoms, 1923 l (with Dora Russell) The Prospects of Industrial Civilisation, 1923 l Logical Atomism, 1924 l The ABC of Relativity, 1925 l On Education, 1926 l The Analysis of Matter, 1927 l An Outline of Philosophy, 1927 l Sceptical Essays, 1928 l Marriage and Morals, 1929 l The Conquest of Happiness, 1930 l The Freedom and Organisation 1814-1914, 1934 l In Praise of Idleness, 1935 l Which Way to Peace?, 1936 l (with Patricia Russell editor of) The Amberley Papers, 2 vols, 1937 l Power: a new Social Introduction to its Study, 1938 l An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth, 1941 l History of Western Philosophy, 1946 l Human Knowledge, its Scope and Limits, 1948 l Authority and the Individual, 1949 l Unpopular Essays, 1950   December 1950
Earthrise and the Apollo project Earthrise is the name given to NASA image AS8-14-2383, taken by astronaut William Anders during the Apollo 8 mission, the first manned voyage to orbit the Moon.[1] [2]    Initially, before Anders found a suitable 70 mm color film, mission commander Frank Borman took a black-and-white photograph [3] of the scene, with the Earth's terminator touching the horizon. The land mass position and cloud patterns in this image are the same as those of the color photograph entitled Earthrise. [4]       December 24, 1968  The photograph was taken from lunar orbit on December 24, 1968, with a highly modified Hasselblad 500 EL with an electric drive. The camera had a simple sighting ring rather than the standard reflex viewfinder and was loaded with a 70 mm film magazine containing custom Ektachrome film developed by Kodak. An audio recording of the event is available [5] with transcription [6] which allows the event to be followed closely – excerpt:[7]   Anders: Oh my God! Look at that picture over there! There's the Earth coming up. Wow, is that pretty. Borman: Hey, don't take that, it's not scheduled. (joking) Anders: (laughs) You got a color film, Jim? Hand me that roll of color quick, would you… Lovell: Oh man, that's great!
Marie Curie At that time, no one else in the world of physics had noticed what Curie recorded in a sentence of her paper, describing how much greater were the activities of pitchblende and chalcolite than uranium itself: "The fact is very remarkable, and leads to the belief that these minerals may contain an element which is much more active than uranium." She later would recall how she felt "a passionate desire to verify this hypothesis as rapidly as possible."[29] On 14 April 1898 the Curies optimistically weighed out a 100-gram sample of pitchblende and ground it with a pestle and mortar. They did not realize at the time that what they were searching for was present in such minute quantities that they would eventually have to process tons of the ore.[29]In July 1898 Curie and her husband published a joint paper announcing the existence of an element which they named "polonium", in honour of her native Poland, which would for another twenty years remain partitioned among three empires.[7] On 26 December 1898, the Curies announced the existence of a second element, which they named "radium", from the Latin word for "ray".[17][24][30] In the course of their research, they also coined the word "radioactivity".[7]   At that time, no one else in the world of physics had noticed what Curie recorded in a sentence of her paper, describing how much greater were the activities of pitchblende and chalcolite than uranium itself: "The fact is very remarkable, and leads to the belief that these minerals may contain an element which is much more active than uranium." She later would recall how she felt "a passionate desire to verify this hypothesis as rapidly as possible."[29] On 14 April 1898 the Curies optimistically weighed out a 100-gram sample of pitchblende and ground it with a pestle and mortar. They did not realize at the time that what they were searching for was present in such minute quantities that they would eventually have to process tons of the ore.[29] In July 1898 Curie and her husband published a joint paper announcing the existence of an element which they named "polonium", in honour of her native Poland, which would for another twenty years remain partitioned among three empires.[7] On 26 December 1898, the Curies announced the existence of a second element, which they named "radium", from the Latin word for "ray".[17][24][30] In the course of their research, they also coined the word "radioactivity".[7] April, July, December  Radium article in December
Calendar Project: Undated
UN Proclamations for years and decades
2015 Year and Decades
International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies A/RES/68/221 Draft: A/68/440/Add.2
International Year of Soils A/RES/68/232 Draft: A/68/444
International Decade for People of African Descent A/RES/68/237
United Nations Decade of Sustainable Energy for All A/RES/67/215
Third International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism A/RES/65/119
United Nations Decade on Biodiversity A/RES/65/161
Decade of Action for Road Safety A/RES/64/255
United Nations Decade for Deserts and the Fight against Desertification A/RES/62/195
Second United Nations Decade for the Eradication of Poverty A/RES/62/205
Decade of Recovery and Sustainable Development of the Affected Regions (third decade after the Chernobyl disaster) A/RES/62/9
International Decade for Action, "Water for Life" A/RES/58/217
Undated BAH recommendations
This just means I was unable to pick a month.
The Social Contract (Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique) is also the title of a 1762 book by Jean-Jacques Rousseau on this topic.   "The first man who, having fenced in a piece of land, said "This is mine," and found people naïve enough to believe him, that man was the true founder of civil society. From how many crimes, wars, and murders, from how many horrors and misfortunes might not any one have saved mankind, by pulling up the stakes, or filling up the ditch, and crying to his fellows: Beware of listening to this impostor; you are undone if you once forget that the fruits of the earth belong to us all, and the earth itself to nobody." — Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Discourse on Inequality, 1754 In moral and political philosophy, the social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual.[1] Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their remaining rights. The question of the relation between natural and legal rights, therefore, is often an aspect of social contract theory. The Social Contract (Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique) is also the title of a 1762 book by Jean-Jacques Rousseau on this topic. Although the antecedents of social contract theory are found in antiquity, in Greek and Stoic philosophy and Roman and Canon Law, as well as in the Biblical idea of the covenant, the heyday of the social contract was the mid-17th to early 19th centuries, when it emerged as the leading doctrine of political legitimacy. The starting point for most social contract theories is a heuristic examination of the human condition absent from any political order that Thomas Hobbes termed the "state of nature".[2] In this condition, individuals' actions are bound only by their personal power andconscience. From this shared starting point, social contract theorists seek to demonstrate, in different ways, why a rational individual would voluntarily consent to give up his or her natural freedom to obtain the benefits of political order. Hugo Grotius (1625), Thomas Hobbes (1651), Samuel Pufendorf (1673), John Locke (1689), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1762), and Immanuel Kant (1797) are among the most prominent of 17th- and 18th-century theorists of social contract and natural rights. Each solved the problem of political authority in a different way. Grotius posited that individual human beings had natural rights; Hobbes asserted that humans consent to abdicate their rights in favor of the absolute authority of government (whether monarchial or parliamentary); Pufendorf disputed Hobbes's equation of a state of nature with war.[3] Locke believed that natural rights were inalienable, and that the rule of God therefore superseded government authority; and Rousseau believed that democracy (self-rule) was the best way of ensuring the general welfare while maintaining individual freedom under the rule of law. The Lockean concept of the social contract was invoked in the United States Declaration of Independence. Social contract theories were eclipsed in the 19th century in favor of utilitarianism, Hegelianism, and Marxism, and were revived in the 20th century, notably in the form of a thought experiment byJohn Rawls.[3] Theory of Natural Human[edit]
Hard to pick a month for social contract theoyr   Also hobbes, Grotius, locke, kant and pufendof The statue of Rousseau on the Île Rousseau, Geneva.
David Hume Epistemology   A Treatise of Human Nature is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, first published at the end of 1738. The full title of the Treatise is 'A Treatise of Human Nature: Being an Attempt to Introduce the Experimental Method of Reasoning into Moral Subjects'. It contains the following sections: The is–ought problem in meta-ethics as articulated by Scottish philosopher and historianDavid Hume (1711–76) is that many writers make claims about what ought to be on the basis of statements about what is. However, Hume found that there seems to be a significant difference between descriptive statements (about what is) and prescriptive or normative statements (about what ought to be), and it is not obvious how one can get from making descriptive statements to prescriptive. The is–ought problem is also known as Hume's law and Hume's Guillotine.   ?
Epicurus http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/epicurus/ ?
Percy Bysshe Shelley & Baruch Spinoza The Necessity of Atheism/ the birth of deism Ethics 1811 / 1667
Da vinci. Gallileo Copernicus Libnitz Newton

C S Lewis
Paul Tillich
savings and loans, coop banking
zukov beats hitler
John muir. bob marshall
Goddard
Ralph waldo emerson.
Gandi
Jesus and budda
hamurabi
fibbanochi
Margaret Sanger
Jonas Salk, Pasteur,
Panama canal Engineering? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Panama_Canal#Dealing_with_disease
William Shakespeare Merchant of Venice
Felix Adler Adler talked about "deed, not creed"; his belief was that good works were the basis of ethical culture. In 1877 the Society founded the District Nursing Department, which organized a team of nurses who visited the homebound sick in poor districts.[4] A year later, in 1878, the Society established a Free Kindergarten for working people's children. Because it served the working poor, the kindergarten provided basic necessities for the children when needed, such as clothing and hot meals.[6] It evolved over time into the Ethical Culture Fieldston School. Well known as a lecturer and writer, Adler served as rector for the Ethical Culture School until his death in 1933. Throughout his life, he always looked beyond the immediate concerns of family, labor, and race to the long-term challenge of reconstructing institutions, such as schools and government, to promote greater justice in human relations. Cooperation rather than competition was the higher social value. He gave a series of six lectures on "The Ethics of Marriage" for the Lowell Institute's 1896–97 season. Adler was the founding chairman of the National Child Labor Committee in 1904. Lewis Hine was hired as the committee's photographer in 1908. In 1917 Adler served on the Civil Liberties Bureau, which later became the American Civil Liberties Bureau and then the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). In 1928 he became president of the Eastern division of the American Philosophical Association. He served on the first Executive Board of the National Urban League.   May deed without creed February EC started   in 1876, Adler at age 26 was invited to give a lecture expanding upon his themes first presented in the sermon at Temple Emanu-El. On May 15, 1876 [5] he reiterated the need for a religion, without the trappings of ritual or creed, that united all of mankind in moral social action. To do away with theology and to unite theists, atheists, agnostics and deists, all in the same religious cause, was a revolutionary idea at the time. A few weeks after the sermon, Adler started a series of weekly Sunday lectures. Aided by Joseph Seligman, president of Temple Emanu-El, in February 1877, Adler incorporated the Society of Ethical Culture.[4]
442 RCT   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/442nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)


text:
Education, Universities & Training(Education & Training)
Abu Dhabi University Faculty and Staff Get Active at Al Hudayriat Island's New Sports District
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates—19 November 2020: As part of its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to continue encouraging health and well-being and coinciding with Dubai Fitness Challenge 2020, Abu Dhabi University (ADU) held a sports event for its Abu Dhabi and Al Ain campus faculty and staff members, at Hudayriyat's new leisure, sports and entertainment destination in Abu Dhabi, developed by Modon Properties.
The one-day event kept ADU's faculty and staff members' adrenaline pumping with a range of outdoor activities including cycling on Al Hudayriat's track, boxing on the beach and CrossFit exercises. The day's program was led by personnel from Peak Fitness Gym, a leading fitness center in the UAE offering a complete multi-disciplinary, cross-training approach to fitness and well-being.
Professor Waqar Ahmad. Chancellor of Abu Dhabi University commented: "We're thrilled to have hosted this event, as it provided a great platform for ADU's faculty and staff to connect, all the while being motivated and inspired to unlock their physical potential. We are always keen to encourage members of ADU's community to adopt a healthy lifestyle and build valuable relationships with their peers. What better way to do that through dynamic sports activities and friendly competitions!"
He added: "Our commitment towards the health and wellness of our community has always been embedded in our core strategic goals. As an organization, we are mindful of the kind of impact we have on all aspects of society, whether that be economic, social, or environmental. ADU's slogan is 'knowledge to achieve, and wisdom to lead' and we endeavor to embody this by setting an example for the wider community through our CSR efforts."
The event saw great participation from ADU's Abu Dhabi and Al Ain Campuses, taking into consideration stringent precautionary measures including maintaining a social distance of at least two meters between each participant, installing sterilizers and temperature checks of all participants, as well as mandating facemasks at all times except during exercise.
Hudayriyat Island is Abu Dhabi's latest leisure, sports and camping destination. It includes ten distinct offerings such as Bab Al Nojoum, the emirate's first urban camping site, Marsana, a vibrant waterfront promenade with a variety of F&B retail outlets, 321 Sports, Circuit X, OCR Park for adventure seekers, Hudayriyat Courts, a cycling track, Bike Park for sports enthusiasts, Heritage Trail for nature lovers and Hudayriyat Beach.
PR Category : Education & Training
Posted on : Thursday, November 19, 2020 3:52:00 PM UAE local time (GMT+4)
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text:
Hosts shine in Edinburgh as Home Nations makes a welcome return
The first day of the 2017 Home Nations saw Scottish and Welsh students go head to head in men's and women's football and hockey, with all eight teams doing their best to get their nation off to a winning start.
First up were women's football and men's hockey. With a stand full of supporters at the football, the home team responded to their fans carving out a number of chances in a dominant first half, Welsh Universities thankful for the prowess of goalkeeper for reaching halftime all square. Over at the hockey, the visitors took an early lead through Alf Dinnie, and reached the break 1-0 up.
Scotland could not have scripted the second halves any better, however with goals from Rachel Donaldson (2) and Katy Morris securing a comfortable 3-0 victory for the women's football team – Donaldson carrying on her goalscoring form after netting 4 in the SSS Women's Cup last week. The men's hockey came saw a similar story with a quick double strike early in the second half from Lee Morton and Joshua Lee turning the match around, before Hamish Galt and Kevin Wong sandwiched a Dan Colquhoun consolation in a 4-2 Scottish victory.
The late afternoon games kicked off with the Welsh seeking to even up the day in men's football and women's hockey. The former saw a repeat of the men's game, a Lois Evans goal the difference between the teams at the half. A physical men's football match saw Wales take an early lead through Tyrell Webbe before Paul Sludden grabbed a Scottish equaliser just before the break.
When Molly Godfrey equalised for the Scottish women early in the second half it looked like repeat of the first game was on the cards; however, the match turned into a cagey affair until it was eventually settled in the 66th minute with Tara Daly securing the victory for the Welsh Universities. Over at Peffermill East, Scotland had turned the match around when Hne Wilson found the back of the net in the 64th minute. However, in very tricky, windy conditions a misjudgement from Scottish keeper Alex Cadzow allowed Pascal Thornton to steal in for the equaliser. As the match entered the final ten minutes it was the Scots who were pushing for the winner and the chance duly came as Wales conceded a penalty after a foul in the box. Paul Sludden stepped up to score his second and secure the victory for Scotland.
The Home Nations continutes at Peffermill Playing Fields tomorrow with Wales taking on England in football and hockey and all three nations completing a men's and a women's Rugby 7s competition. Matches start from midday and all spectators are welcome to join the fun with free entry for all.
Scotland 3 0 Wales
Sludden (2) Webbe
Wilson Thornton
Morton Dinnie
Lee Colquhoun
Wales 2 1 Scotland
Evans Godfrey
For all information about Home Nations 2017 please visit https://www.scottishstudentsport.com/homenations17/
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Routine fluid analysis is a critical part of any preventive maintenance program. Not only do the results indicate what condition the fluid is in, they also provide an early warning of system or equipment problems that can eventually shut down the process.
Compared to other process heating systems such as direct fire, electric resistance or steam, thermal fluid systems require very little care or supervision for a number of years after start-up. But this "set it and forget it" feature can backfire if it results in surprises like reduced throughput or an unscheduled outage. At that point, it's too late to test the fluid to see if it has "gone bad". Thermal fluids very seldom "go bad" without help—95% of fluid degradation is caused by equipment malfunctions, poor design and/or operating errors. Most of these problems can be identified early on if the fluid is tested within the first 6 to 12 months after start-up and at most once a year after that. Early identification and correction of these problems can prevent surprises.
Samples should be taken directly into the sample container with the pump running and the fluid temperature at a minimum of 180°F (82°C). Samples taken cold or from a stagnant loop or from the expansion tank will not be representative of the entire fluid charge. If the system cannot be cooled below 270°F (135°C), install a two-foot length of metal tubing on the sample point to cool the sample; this will prevent the glass sample container from breaking. Some good locations to take the sample include the blow-down valve mounted on a Y-strainer or any low-point drain or pressure gauge tap near the pump or heater inlet. Purge the sample line with at least one full jar of fluid.
Many fluid problems can be detected by appearance and smell. Fine black sediment in the bottom of the jar usually indicates solids are accumulating. Liquid contaminants (such as water or hydraulic fluid) can show up as a separate layer in the bottom of the sample. Contaminants that are soluble in the fluid (such as aromatic- based "synthetic" fluids) will affect the sample odor.
Acid Number (ASTM D-664) measures the amount of acid present in the fluid which in turn is an indication of the amount of oxidation that has occurred. The higher the number the more oxidation has occurred. Because thermal fluids are blended from multiple components each with its own boiling point, the fluid will boil over a range of temperatures which is called the Distillation Range (ASTM D-2887). The difference in temperature between the new fluid baseline and the test results are averaged and shown as the "Low Boilers—% change" or "High Boilers—% change". The higher the number, the more degradation has occurred.
Viscosity (ASTM D-445) measures how easily the fluid flows. The data is compared to new fluid and the results are shown as a "% change" from new. A positive % indicates that the viscosity has increased (become thicker) while a negative % indicates that the fluid is thinner than new.
Comparing the used fluid to new fluid is usually sufficient to determine whether the fluid has degraded enough to require change out. However, as noted above, 95% of fluid degradation is caused by external forces. Unless the equipment or process conditions that are causing accelerated degradation are corrected, fluid change out could become an annual routine. Properly analyzed and interpreted, the test results can provide the information necessary to identify and correct these undetected problems. Even more valuable are the trends that are evident when samples have been taken at routine intervals. Knowledge of the equipment is also necessary to properly interpret the results and identify the source of the degradation.


text:
Adding a catchy app to a great campaign
A cool marketing app puts the spotlight even more on an already great marketing campaign. That's exactly what Xplore Group was after with its original disposable camera app for communication agency TheseDays Y&R and Belgian Internet provider Telenet.
Modern technology has changed our lives. But how did people do things back in the day? Telenet's 'Vollenbak vooruit' campaign was packed with nostalgic references about how we used to do things in the good old days of analogue technology. TheseDays Y&R decided to spice the campaign up a little by throwing in a marketing app.
Xplore Group developed an app that acted exactly like an analogue disposable camera. The app could be used to take only one run of 15 pictures. The user could see the subject through a small viewfinder. None of the pictures could be seen until they got 'developed', just like old times. After completing a form and uploading the files, Telenet sent over the printed pictures to the user's home address.
Xplore Group developed the app for both iOS and Android in just three weeks. The app was tested on all current iPhone models and a selection of Android phones. As part of the project, Xplore Group assisted TheseDays Y&R in all Apple App Store and Google Play Store related matters, until the release in both stores was successfully completed.
25.000 installs in the first 2 weeks
10.000 sessions per day
76% daily active users
#1 in Apple App Store (Free apps)
#1 in Google Play Store (New apps)
Xploration
Communication agency TheseDays Y&R wanted a catchy app to boost Telenet's 'Vollenbak vooruit' campaign.
An interactive mobile app that attracted a lot of extra attention to Telenet's campaign.
REST/JSON communication with remote backend
Facebook event tracking
Xplore Group developed a catchy app in just three weeks, boosting TheseDays Y&R's marketing campaign for Telenet. The app instantly went to the top spot in both Apple App Store and Google Play Store's lists of most popular apps.
"The app had the exact look and feel of a 1980s disposable camera: custom viewfinder, animated scroller and picture counter with realistic sound effects – and usable for 15 pictures only."