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Keith Russell Ablow is a writer and psychiatrist who lives in Boston.
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Stephen T. Butterfield lives in Vermont. He is interested in working with other crime victims to "help change the balance of power between criminals and citizens."
Richard Duggin, the author of two novels, teaches at the Writers' Workshop at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. His stories have appeared in Playboy, North Atlantic Review, and Crosscurrents.
Luke Janusz is the publisher and editor of Odyssey, a publication dedicated to creating alternatives in criminal justice. He founded Odyssey while serving a twelve-to-fifteen year prison sentence in Massachusetts.
Carl-Michal Krawczyk, a Brit of Polish extraction, is now a permanent resident of the United States. He wrote and hosted the thirteen-part Public Broadcasting System series "Images Of America" and has won two national literary awards for fiction. He lives with his wife in Marietta, Ohio, where he teaches history at a community college.
Alison Luterman is a Jewish neo-pagan or a neo-pagan Jew, and sings every chance she can get. She works as a poet-in-the-schools in Oakland, California.
Lee Passarella is a technical writer, editor, and illustrator who lives in Lawrenceville, Georgia. Passarella's poems have appeared in the New Mexico Humanities Review, and the Mankato Poetry Review.
Sy Safransky is editor of The Sun.
Charlotte D. Staelin lives on a farm on the Eastern Shore of Maryland.
Thom Tammaro lives in Moorhead, Minnesota.
Robert P. Weintraub lives in Newtonville, Massachusetts. He has completed two novels, Best Wishes, Harry Greenfield, and My Honorable Brother.
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Dhoni gets Khel Ratna – How we treat our cricket heroes
I must thank SP and abisht, who commented on SP's recent post, for egging me on to write this one (on a Monday evening) particularly on the way we treat our heroes.
MS Dhoni led the a young inexperienced T20 team to the T20 World Cup last September. The young turks won it and returned to a deservingly warm welcome. Cash prizes were showered, apartments promised and state governments competed with each other to confer their own honors and cash prized on their wards. Even that could be justified, but let me ask this question, while readying myself for the rotten eggs, tomatoes and what-not from the Dhoni fans. Does he deserve this? Tendulkar is the only other cricketer to receive the award.
Let us put the T20 World Cup victory in perspective, both the good and bad. While the lines between good and bad might be blurry as it involves the senior-junior debate, either way, something is either good or bad. The good, this allowed some young Indians who were inexperienced players yet promising to show case their talent. It allowed for us to see their performance as a whole, despite the limitations of the format, unencumbered by the so-called seniors and their think-tank. This gave us, the BCCI and the selectors the confidence to trust youth. It gave us fans hope that there might be a better-than-expected-life after the Holy Trinity of Tendulkar-Ganguly-Dravid. The bad, allow me to call it that, is that we are obsessed with the format and some of the players who brougt this home, primarily Dhoni, Yuvraj and Uthappa. Obsession with the format, gave rise to the massive mela that was the IPL. While I believe that the IPL can do more damage than good, especially for India with the glaring levels of mania about this format, time will give us the verdict.
Moving on, after the T20 victory, what happened (in the ODI scheme of things)? Indian lost a series to Australia, won against a weak Pakistan side, won a series in Australia (largely due to Tendulkar and the young bowlers), lost the Kitply cup and the Asia Cup. To me, this reads just as good or or bad as the early stages of Ganguly or Dravid's captaincy. Mark my words, early stages. But is this enough to get the Khel Ratna? Shouldn't the others have received it as well? Why are we obsessed with the T20 World Cup? I realize it's not Dhoni's fault that the others weren't honored with it or that he is now. I'm just questioning the logic. To me it seems like a mass-media reaction. Don't get me wrong, the T20 World Cup victory was special. To have witnessed it is a memory I will always cherish. It lifted our spirits as a cricketing nation. But does the T20 Victory alone justify Dhoni's selection here? Given that cricket is a team sport, and that it wasn't a couple of innings from Dhoni that brought us the cup (unlike the case of Tendulkar, who has single-handedly won us several matches in his early days), I find this a bit undeserving.
But then this is how we treat our cricket heroes. In this context "we" is the BCCI and the Indian media. One day, we go gaga over them, shower praise, prizes, money, titles and the next they are in the doldrums for the same people who buoyed a cricketer to the pinnacle, will push him from that spot only for him to careen downwards at breakneck speed. We are wrong with both the buoy to and the shove from the peak. The current seniors who come to mind are Ganguly and Dravid. Many times I think we don't deserve good cricketers. Why are we like this? One bad series, heck, two bad innings, and we seek to sack the folks who have served Indian cricket with distinction. I have already written about the slack that we have been cutting for Yuvraj Singh. This isn't about the fact that for some seniors the time to say goodbye may have come, this is about the fact that we don't have the grace to allow them a decent passage into retirement. We want instant amends: the batsman scored a duck and a 5; sack him, he is 35/36 anyway and has had his time. It shouldn't matter whether he is old or young, we need uniform yardsticks applied to all cricketers. Even if that yardstick is two innings, one dropped catch, two instances of lax fielding fielding, or one match without wickets, let it be uniform. As abisht points out (in the link above), we need to go the Aussie way with this. The way they handled Steve Waugh, at least outwardly, was graceful, respectful and fitting for his deeds as one of Australia's best captains. We may not like some things that Australia's cricket team or board does, but this we need to learn from them.
Perhaps it's Dhoni's day today. But one fears for tomorrow. If the BCCI and the media don't alter their ways, Dhoni will be the next victim of mass scorn. And given some of the youngster's skill level at the moment, that embarrassing tomorrow may not be too far.
Rant done. Ducks a bucket of rotten tomatoes from Dhoni's female fans!
This entry was posted on Monday, August 4th, 2008 at 11:34 pm and is filed under BCCI, Cricket, Dhoni, Dravid, Ganguly, India, Indian cricket, Rahul Dravid, Robin Uthappa, Sourav Ganguly, T-20 Cricket, Tendulkar, The Big 3 of Indian cricket, Yuvraj, Yuvraj Singh.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
21 Responses to Dhoni gets Khel Ratna – How we treat our cricket heroes
Naked Cricket says:
VMM – the timing never fails to surprise me, MSD even when he's not part of a win, he wins. Like the last time round, when india won a test (perth?), and it was soon announced that gang n rd were not selected for the odi series.
A Bisht says:
thank you for giving the link, that line lingered on my mind for so many days
Ottayan says:
VMM,
Does Tendulkar deserve it?
What has he won for us (India)?
rs says:
If I phrase a slightly different question – which Indian sports personality in the last year made the most impact, and deserved the award most (only in the last year and across other sports…). ie. who do you think the award should have gone to?
BTW, who else was nominated this year for this award?
Dravid is the only other player nominated from cricket in the past and who did not get it – but he lost to other sports categories – and I think that is fair – we can't have cricketers get all the national awards. Maybe MSD should have lost it to someone else as well?
When they get the praise and money, no cricketer says – I am only human I don't deserve this, or moderate your praise – so why not let them take their fall as well in stride.
I believe dhoni truely deserves dis ratna. Don't forget his hardwork for bringing T-20 worldcup home and many more. If u see, both the finals where we lost, dhoni was the only one pulling the team frm the defeat….. Remember even pakistan's skipper malik said he was not confident of their win until dhoni is ther on the field. These words means a lot and speaks for dhoni………I am happy for his achievement…………He is the true ratna………. I am sure he will shower us with many more of victories in coming days………At the end of day, victories count……Wat say? Congrats Dhoni and i hope all those who think dat he doesn't deserve dis will agree with me in dis matter verysoon. Jai Dhoni
Straight Point says:
let them select them the time of retirement…for all their services…fair pint VM…
but lets see…
they reality is still far away from them as i said in my post that all three are still harboring the thoughts of returning to ODI fold…how can expect them that they will decide it on their own when they are still to come to grip with another aspect of the game? how you made them realize that…
the question is that when one aspect of your game fall (fitness etc…) than your another aspect of the game (consistent scoring) should step up…but now both aspects are falling…and we all know too that best time is behind…they all are playing from their memory…and its not sudden as it is made to believe
take out stats of their last 10-15 innings and compare them with their overall career avg you will find the marked difference…
also what you want…all of them suddenly see light and announce that they are retiring from game? no certainly not…coz that will leave a vacuum which will not be filled easily…
so the best alternate is let badris…rohits…tiwaries etc play with at least 3 seniors out of five…atleast they will grow in the comforts of vast experience…why deny them this…
we will never know their worth if we wont try them…and if we try them all of sudden with huge vacuum and expectation to fill…we still wont know their true worth…
best is phasing out…slow transition…this is the truth of life which we will have to face sooner rather than later…even best of organizations do that…
@NC, seriously man! That was sad, what happened after Perth, but I'm sure lot of folk here won't agree with me on that. What a run of huge luck for MSD. Wonder how long it will last.
@Abisht, you're welcome. And thank you for linking from your blog.
@Ott, I'm not sure when Tendulkar recieved his. My argument is that in his early days, Tendulkar has almost single-handedly won us a good number of matches. So maybe, he deserves it, but what has MSD won us by himself. His team delivered and he is enjoying the benefit of it, solely, in this case.
@RS, you're right, I'm not trying to argue that Dravid should have got it too (btw, didn't know he was nominated) or that there should have been more cricketers. As for who is better deserving this year, I think you would be better equipped to answer that question. I'm following only cricket. 🙂 As for the praise-and-fall, while you're argument is logical, it isn't the best thing. Why not be a bit more rational in the first place?
@Pia, welcome! You sound like a hard-core fan, if you are indeed, I'm surprized you haven't been harsh at all, after what I've said 🙂 As for Dhoni, no one is questioning the spirit that went into bringing the T20 home or his efforts in the finals that we lost. But I don't think it was all about him either. There are still greater heights to scale before one gets the highest honor, at least IMHO.
@SP, true, but to make them realize, the board needs to talk to them openly and chart a course that is beneficial for both sides. Not some conniving ad-hoc mechanism. That's all my concern is.
Pages tagged "heroes" says:
[…] bookmarks tagged heroes Dhoni gets Khel Ratna – How we treat our cricket h… saved by 5 others NataoDoidao bookmarked on 08/05/08 | […]
vmm: I tried to check to see who else was nominated – so far very, very hard to find out. Several leading shooters have already won it (so maybe a boxer or archer may have been in the running – but otherwise I don't see anyone else who has excelled in the past year).
Apurv says:
I am big MSD fan but i believe he is the most over rated cricketer in world cricket. For some reason he is rated very very highly in India but outside India he is considered as an average cricketer.
He has one test hundred, and no one day hundred outside the Indian subcontinent. He is a average keeper . He is a good captain but tactically he is still learning. To give him a Khel Ratna ahead of Kumble and Rahul Dravid- two of India's finest cricketers- is disgusting, deplorable and speaks of the materialistic minds of the administrators.
By the way if winning a world cup is the criteria for winning a Khelratna, then lets give it to Virat Kohli, Mohd Kaif and Reetinder Sodhi. They too have won the under 19 world Cup.
@RS, thanks for the efforts man! Didn't mean to put you thru it though. Sometimes I think when there are no deserving candidates, they can deciede to skip a year. 🙂
@Apurv, materialistic indeed. Yeah, lets give it to them too, add Rohit Sharma in there also. He got a 50 in the T20 match against SA and has a Pepsi contract. 🙂
If at all any Indian cricketer deserves it, it has to be kumble for tirelessly winning us countless number of test matches on his own.
@Scorpy, indeed. Gotta love that spirit of Kumble.
its like every time, you bash one of these guys, i have to come in to take sides.
i personally don't think any of the ratnas really make a difference to a dravid or a saurav, and nor does it make a difference to dhoni.
but the fact is that saurav, rahul, sachin combined could not get us a world cup, i guess they played together in 3 of them.
and dhoni got the country one, with the team of new faces and discard, that takes courage and sportsman spirit, which is what the khel ratna embodies.
No, Dhoni doesn't deserve the Ratna at this stage of his accomplishments.
I'm not surprised he has got it though…we, as Indians, have gradually eroded our awards in every field.
The reasoning appears to be simple…if we cannot push ourselves beyond the limits (and Indians by and large have many plausible-sounding reasons not to do so), let us bring the awards a notch or two closer to us instead. be it Padma Shris, Bhushans, Vibhushanas…the story is the same. We have scientists who have done precious little and find their awards, we have any number of such on the annual lists.
That said, it is no mean task in the Indian set-up for a scientist orwhoever to push through the system and create a spark…however minor or insignificant it may be.
We are then caught up in a puzzle – do we encourage such with awards for their insignificant work but significant spirit, or do we ignore in the wait for a eally major accomplishment an risk snuffing out whatever enthusiasm may reside in the community?
It isn't an easy decision.
I grew up in a community of scientists, in a colony of scientists, where the annual talk in the evening park often veered around to who among them is the frontruner for the year's awards.
I then went on to work in a community which is almost as obsessed with such recognition.
The lack of excellenece in one part of their effort is often made up by relative excellence in another aspect of their efforts.
In fact, I can say, that this flimsy awarding system itself has also become decadent with time. One of my relatives was awarded one of the Padmas for some signal effort which transformed this nation (when it was a fledgeling repubic) and went on to occupy key positions at the global level…then there's another who did something but really not on the same scale. They are both awarded the same, albeit decades apart.
Higher levels of awards should retain an aspirational allurement.
May MSD get many awards in his life, but I'm sure even he doesn't value this in his heart of hearts…he knows he got it a little ahead of proper accomplishments. The T20 WC is not small…but not large either. Certainly not large enough for a Ratna which must consider all aspects of the person's career.He is rather average at the moment in tests (has yet to win one test match for India with his performance), and ODIs we all are seeing are very different from T20 WC.
Give him a Padma Sri and let him work towards a Ratna. This is like putting a toddler in the CEOs chair.
He is rather average at the moment in tests (has yet to win one test match for India with his performance)…
i must say i am really surprised by this comments of yours SB…coming from a senior pro…
i have not seen a test match yet won by single batsman…even sehwag's herculean effort in last match needed bhajji and ishant…?
No…that's not what I meant SP. Not a one-man show, but a match turning performance…like Dravid-Lax combo at Kolkatta…which is the best example of what I mean. There have been significant innings in Indian test cricket and Dhoni, who is considered a proper batsman, has yet to figure among them.You could say his Lord's effort in the second innings saved the test…but that is a moot point which wouldn't have held scrutiny in today's era of reviews..but that's besides the point.
Victoria, now I simply must pin you down, the most loyal Dravid supporter among us, to a future vision in the light of today's events. Your views couldbe expanded to include all the fab four 🙂
@ankit, you are right in that MSD gave us something the Big 3 with all their prowess couldn't and I could go on arguing on this, but still, this isn't justified.
@SB, "..Higher levels of awards should retain an aspirational allurement…" indeed. You make very valid points on the flimsy awarding system. The first thing I think they must do is increase the time frame. Do we really have to give them every so often. I also agree that though MSD might not have even thought about this award, he doesn't need to anymore, whatever situation he lands into.
On a lighter note, I never thought I'd earn the "most loyal Dravid supporter" tag given that in my early cricket watching days I didn't quite care much about him. On the middle order's show today, I'm still gathering my thoughts, though I think it will be better to wait till the end of this 3rd Test. While some fatigue (mental or otherwise) is apparent among the Fab-four, I'm tempted to shift some blame on the referral system too.
Fair enough Victoria. It is possible, in fact a little more probable than possible, that the team would rally around from hereon and come back with this series. he same fab 4 will play a role in wresting this test match back.
You have the most nicest things to say about him compared to us all 🙂

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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A Gentleman of Leisure er en amerikansk stumfilm fra 1915 af George Melford.

Medvirkende
 Wallace Eddinger som Robert Edgar Willoughby Pitt.
 Sydney Deane som Sir Thomas Blunt.
 Gertrude Kellar som Lady Julia Blunt.
 Tom Forman som Sir Spencer Dreever.
 Carol Holloway som Molly Creedon.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Stumfilm fra USA
Amerikanske film fra 1915

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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A PANDEMIC OF KINDNESS
Act of Kindness from Sandra
I am Sandra, originally from Colombia, also with family in Spain, and am now I'm a US citizen after studying and working in the USA for over 20 years. My mom, Cris (80) pictured below, joined us 10 years ago. Even though we feel deserving of the benefits we have in the US, there is no one day we take it for granted.
My mom received the vaccine the first day it was available. During the lockdown my mom joined every single Zoom available to her for informational and social interaction. As part of a Latino Senior group, she volunteered to call seniors in the area who felt isolated because of the pandemic but also who were struggling because of language barriers. She kept them company with conversation and provided resources to find out more about the vaccine and encouraged them to get vaccinated. She called them regularly to check on them and reached out to group leaders if she felt someone needed follow up. I always say I want my mom's energy not when I am her age but now She is an example of an act of kindness.
Act of Kindness from Liane
North Dakota and Montana states are graciously and generously offering their overstock of vaccines, at no charge, to Canadian (Manitoba & Alberta) truck drivers who travel back and forth across the bo
Act of Kindness from Michele
I wanted to share a story about my family. My parents will be 86 in July and they live independently in their own home over 400 miles from me. Throughout this crisis, they have made a point to stay
Act of Kindness from Jasmine
Just wanted to share an act of kindness from here in Toronto. Every evening at 7:30pm exactly someone in my neighborhood plays the Canadian anthem outside. They've been consistent since COVID started,
The Osterholm Update: COVID-19 podcast is created by the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) at the University of Minnesota.


Surrey Police is judged to be good in the efficiency with which it keeps people safe and reduces crime. Our overall judgment this year is the same as last year. The force's understanding of demand is judged to be good; it is judged to require improvement for its use of resources to manage demand; and its planning for future demand is judged to be good.
Surrey Police has a good understanding of current demand from analysing a wide range of police data and should be commended for its progressive demand analysis report which predicts demand for the next 12 months. The force has made significant progress in reducing the number of abandoned 101 calls through a thorough review of processes and the introduction of an effective quality assurance mechanism, which has also improved the quality of the service it provides in relation to all calls from the public.
The force's ability to make effective plans for recruitment, training and personal development is sometimes hampered by gaps in its understanding of the skills and capabilities of its workforce and leaders. However, in other areas Surrey Police is good at assessing its priorities and meeting different areas of demand. It works well with other forces, particularly Sussex Police, and is seeking new opportunities for collaborative working to achieve further savings. The force is keen to exploit technological advances wherever possible. Public expectations are important to the force and it is prioritising neighbourhood policing in its operating model.
The force has good plans for the future and is seeking further opportunities to make savings; it plans to re-invest the savings it makes.
Surrey Police has a good understanding of current demand for its service, based on a wide range of police data. The force has produced a demand analysis report which provides a meaningful assessment of predicted future demand over the next 12 months. It recognises that demand can be reduced through prevention and so its operating model promotes neighbourhood policing. However, its understanding of hidden demand is less well developed and the force needs to enhance its work with partner organisations to include exchanging information to help identify crime that is less likely to be reported.
The force has processes and governance systems to monitor efficiency. It could do more to detect inefficient practices in its routine work, but it has improved its performance in relation to inadvertently suppressed demand. A performance management regime is now in place in the contact centre and the rate of abandoned 101 calls has fallen. We found a thorough system of quality assurance operating within the force control room to review decision-making and risk assessment processes, and also in the occurrence management unit to assess data entered onto the force system. The force has identified additional demand caused by incorrect recording of data, which it is working to resolve.
The force has not managed its change programmes as effectively as it might because it does not follow a defined process for management and governance. However, it is aiming to improve its management of change programmes through appointing a joint head of change with Sussex Police. Although Surrey Police seeks and responds to ideas from the workforce, it could benefit from streamlining the different approaches into a single process, and then promoting this to the workforce.
The force should ensure it has an accessible process in place to identify good ideas and innovation from the workforce.
The force should further develop its understanding of hidden demand, analysing appropriate information and intelligence drawn from wider sources.
Surrey Police has only a limited understanding of the skills and capabilities of its workforce and has not undertaken any force-wide audit of skills. The force does not have a complete understanding of the skills it requires for every role or the skills it needs now to address new and emerging risks. Individual directorates maintain their own skills databases and the public protection unit monitors skills separately in each division, but there is no overview. This prevents effective planning for recruitment, training and personal development. The force also recognises that it needs to improve its understanding of the skills and capabilities of its leaders and any skills gaps and is collaborating with Sussex Police to develop a new leadership framework.
The force prioritises its activities effectively, assessing threat, harm and risk in local daily management and regular strategic tasking meetings, and takes public expectations into account. It has prioritised neighbourhood policing through its revised operating model but it did not anticipate the level of demand this would place on it and has had to provide overtime for officers and extend the length of their shifts. The force has worked hard to recruit more officers and is now up to full complement, but this workforce is young and inexperienced, so it still does not have the best possible staffing mix.
Surrey Police has good governance arrangements in place to understand its current financial position and any impending risks to the budget. However, future financial plans could be regulated better and the force may benefit from switching to priority-based budgeting to give it greater financial control. It has a change prioritisation board and the joint Surrey and Sussex investment board looks closely at the financial aspect of any proposal. The force plans to make further investments in mobile data technology and in modern buildings in better locations. It has a record of successful collaborative working, including with other forces, the mental health trust, children's services and the University of Surrey.
The force should ensure that it has the resources to meet its resourcing model, and the demand placed on it, while taking into account the wellbeing of its staff.
Surrey Police has a good understanding of future demand. It is using some innovative data-management methods, mapping future growth in crime based on current trends. In combination with other performance management material, this skilful interpretation of data helps senior leaders to prioritise and plan more effectively. The force uses the management of risk in law enforcement model to assess the types of crimes that are presenting most threat to communities and to highlight where it does not currently have the capacity or capability to tackle them effectively. It has effective relationships with other forces and organisations and it is looking to expand its collaborative arrangements in future to help meet increases in demand.
The force has a good understanding of what the public wants through the PCC's comprehensive engagement strategy, which is designed to ensure that policing decisions are informed by effective communication and engagement with the public. It also understands how the effect of changes in technology are likely to affect both crime and policing in the future.
The force needs to improve its understanding of the skills and capabilities it requires in its future leaders and then tailor development opportunities appropriately. It is developing a new leadership framework to address this. Succession planning is mixed; although the force has a workforce plan that identifies critical roles and potential gaps, it has been reactive in the last 12 months because of a high unplanned leaver rate. The force does have a record of using national external recruitment programmes and is making greater use of social media platforms to attract new talent.
Surrey Police's plans are realistic and it is continuing to look for and find opportunities to achieve savings. Savings are expected from further collaborative work with Sussex Police, from a revised operating model for specialist crime and from a review of HR, financial services, corporate services and IT. The force plans to re-invest the savings it has made.


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Asz-Szajch Ali (arab. الشيخ علي) – miejscowość w Syrii, w muhafazie Aleppo. W 2004 roku liczyła 3139 mieszkańców.

Przypisy

Miejscowości w muhafazie Aleppo


text:
FSA Probe Clears RBS Chiefs
Margot Patrick
Updated Dec. 3, 2010 12:01 am ET
LONDON—Executives of Royal Bank of Scotland Group PLC, including former Chief Executive Fred Goodwin, won't be sanctioned by the U.K. Financial Services Authority for their actions in the lead-up to the bank's near-collapse in 2008 and the government bailout.
The FSA—ending an 18-month investigation into RBS executives' conduct, the bank's ill-timed takeover of ABN Amro in late 2007 and its 2008 capital raisings to shore up its balance sheet—said it found there was a "series of bad decisions." But the regulator concluded...


A map is a many-splendoured thing: information transformed into imagery, coded to show connections, boundaries and the treasure of communicating what lies where. But this simple representation of data is just as susceptible to foul play or human error as any other kind of scientific endeavour.
This issue we map out everything from our brains, to general relativity, to the universe and beyond. We decipher how mapping the human genome is problematic and how maps have been used to reinforce racist living standards.


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So that totally means we all are due for a little refresh in the shoe department. Specifically new sandals, with a side of a fresh pedicure! Today I thought it would be fun to round up a few of my favorite spring sandals at the moment. I picked a variety of color options – because it's so much fun to be colorful in the warmer months – but each shoe has a bunch of options in terms of shades, so be sure to check them out.
And a few of them are even on sale! Take a peek at my picks and let me know what you think!
What sort of summer sandal style are you loving?
Love Numbers 2, 4 and 6 – 6 in blue is my absolute favorite!


Local Public Health Units across North Dakota have worked collaboratively together for many years. In August 2010, this relationship was formalized through a Joint Powers Agreement to form the ND SACCHO, a state association for ND Local Public Health Units. SACCHOs have been formed in many states across the nation to streamline communication between state and local public health agencies, and to stay apprised of national public health initiatives such as continuous quality improvement and public health accreditation.
ND SACCHO is governed by an Executive Committee with representatives from local public health units, the State Health Department and the North Dakota Association of Counties. There are many challenges that local public health units face today and the overall goal of the association is to provide a collegial environment with the tools and resources necessary to enhance the provision of quality public health programs and the Ten Essential Public Health Services.


text:
Q: Strange 404 URL requests on my site I recently launched a Django powered site and I have 404 error reporting on. I've been getting some strange URL requests, one every couple of days.
/renewPwd.php/
/index.php/
/mobile/
/m/
/admininstrator/
I find some of them very strange since I don't have a PHP site or mobile site.
Does anybody know what's causing this and more importantly, should I be worried/do something about it?

A: If this isn't you, then it must be somebody else...
It's common for the web to have Bots, Spiders and Crawlers. Check your log files for the IP to see where the request is coming from. These crawlers usually just use "common" URL paths in the hope that you're using them.
If they are just crawling you, then that is not an immediate security threat. But if you have a lot of content (and big images) and they are crawling that, it could be very annoying and could cost you more bandwidth.
There are simple ways to limit these crawlers. And for better security, I suggest you implement a Web Application Firewall. There are a lot of paid services but you could simply use Mod_Security.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


School on Wheels' new leader has a long history of work at South Shore nonprofits: Kathleen Graham, the former Executive Director and CEO of the Boys & Girls Club of Marshfield.
The East Bridgewater-based organization supports students who have been impacted by homelessness by providing customized backpacks, one-on-one mentoring and college assistance, and Graham, a Marshfield native, said she was drawn to School on Wheels by her love of non-profits and serving at-risk children and those in need.
Since starting as Executive Director on June 4, Graham has spent time learning about the non-profit from founder Cheryl Opper, who she succeeded and visiting the program's sites, including two that will open this October in Plymouth and Dorcester.
School on Wheels' volunteer tutors meet with students one-on-one one hour per week, to "reinforce grade level learning skills, work on school projects, and help boost the child's academic and social confidence." Volunteer mentors spend time with high school and college-aged students to help with transitions and planning.
In addition to these personal levels of instruction, School on Wheels provides their students with high-quality backpacks full of school supplies and reading books, often donated by groups who have orchestrated supply drives.
Graham said she hopes to bring more awareness of the organization's efforts, particularly in the communities being served and surrounding towns.
By raising awareness, Graham said, opens the door for more partnerships with community members and groups.
"Letting people know what we do, who we serve, and how they can help and how they can impact these children, would definitely be a great opportunity for us," she said.
The transition to her new role, Graham said, has been easy.


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text:
- Select year - 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011
Nigeria saw marked progress in its information and communications technology (ICT) sector in 2011 with the pronounced use of ICTs during the April 2011 elections and the mid-year announcement of a new communication technology ministry (also known as the ICT ministry). Since 1999, when Nigeria returned to civilian governance after almost 30 years of military rule,[1] press freedom and the space for free expression have increased significantly. Nevertheless, the legal and political environment for traditional media remains harsh, and a major story in 2011 was the death of a journalist for which a radical Islamic sect, Boko Haram, claimed responsibility.
Online media has been comparatively free from such restrictions, though a blogger was detained for questioning in January 2011. The Nigerian authorities do not carry out any filtering of content, and while access to information technology is still limited for many Nigerians, the number of internet users nearly quadrupled between 2008 and 2011. Legislative initiatives introduced in the National Assembly in 2007, which threatened to impinge upon the relative freedom and privacy enjoyed by online journalists, expired when the newly-elected National Assembly convened in June 2011.
The internet was first introduced in the early 1990s, and usage grew more popular following an internet workshop organized by the Yaba College of Technology in 1995.[2] Internet access expanded when cybercafes sprang up in major cities across Nigeria in 1999, though it was expensive and connections were very slow. The introduction of internet access via mobile phone service in 2004 has spurred further increases in internet use.
Internet access in Nigeria has grown exponentially in recent years, particularly after the introduction of mobile phone data services and Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) services. There were about 100,000 internet users in 1999,[3] but the figure grew exponentially to 11 million in 2008[4] and reached 46 million in 2011.[5] This large jump in access is due to an increase in mobile phone usage and data services, private sector and government investment in technology, and increased competition between FWA providers over this period. Nevertheless, internet penetration stood at 28.4 percent in 2011 according to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU),[6] and access is greater in urban areas than in rural regions.
Increased competition has decreased the cost of access for many Nigerians, and while the price for internet use remains about US$1 per hour in cybercafes, which have seen sharp decline in patronage in recent years due to increasing mobile internet usage enabled by decreasing costs of data plans. The average cost is now US$1 per megabyte of data on Global System for Mobile (GSM) networks, compared to US$7 in 2010. FWA services now cost an average of US$65 per month, down from US$80 in 2010. In comparison, the minimum wage in Nigeria is about US$116 per month, and the country's poverty rate actually increased in 2011.[7] Literacy remains an obstacle to access, with 28 percent of the population illiterate, particularly in English, the main language used by Nigerian online news outlets and blogs.[8]
Frequent power cuts remain an impediment to internet access, with many users reportedly relying more than ever on private generators to stay online during outages. In January 2011, a report quoted Nigeria as the largest importer of private power generators in Africa, despite the country's status as an oil-rich country.[9] Cybercafes continue to close due to difficulties paying for such expensive backup power generation in addition to the growing popularity of access via mobile devices and data plans offered by FWA and GSM companies. Although many providers use the word "broadband" in their promotional materials, in practice there is limited broadband service available in Nigeria, with latest statistics from the ITU placing the number of broadband subscribers at only 215,000 in 2011, amounting to a penetration rate of just 0.13 percent.[10]
The number of mobile phone subscribers has increased dramatically over the past decade from almost no users in 2000 to over 100 million as of May 2012, according to official data from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC).[11] The latest ITU data notes over 95 million mobile phone subscriptions in 2011, amounting to a mobile phone penetration rate of 58.6 percent.[12] Mobile internet subscriptions reached 7.3 million users by 2008[13] and grew by over 25 percent between October 2010 and October 2011.[14] While smart phone users can access the internet on their mobile devices, specific handsets such as Nokia's range of phones and Research in Motion's BlackBerry provide bundled data services to mobile subscribers. The number of BlackBerry users appears to be growing, particularly among young Nigerians, though the service costs US$20 per month. Nevertheless, the quality of service remains poor, with users frequently complaining about their inability to enjoy data services. Competition has forced service providers to offer alternative plans based on time (daily, weekly, or monthly payments) or use (social or messaging). According to credible sources in the industry, there were approximately 500,000 BlackBerry subscribers with all service providers as of October 2011.[15]
In March 2007, the government established the Nigerian Internet Exchange Point as a means of connecting internet service providers (ISPs) to one another; as of mid-2011, it had 32 members.[16] Several telecommunications companies have also migrated to private fiber-optic cable projects, such as Glo-1 and MainOne. The latter cable went live on July 1, 2010 and now provides connectivity for 18 ISPs and telecommunication companies in Nigeria and Ghana,[17] though the reduced cost of a cable rather than a satellite connection has yet to be passed on to consumers. The Glo-1 cable, a project of Globacom, launched in Ghana in April 2011.[18]
The video-sharing website YouTube, social-networking site Facebook, microblogging application Twitter, and various international blog-hosting services are freely available and among the most popular websites in the country. As of May 2012, there were over five million Facebook users.[19] According to Alexa, a website rating company, the ten most popular websites in Nigeria as of 2011 were Facebook, Google, Yahoo, Google.com.ng, YouTube, Blogspot.com, Twitter, Vanguard Newspaper, Wikipedia, and Nairaland (a Nigerian online discussion forum).[20] Four other Nigerian websites—VConnect (a local search engine with a huge database of relevant locations) at number 13, GTBank at number 14, Punch newspaper at number 16, and Jobberman (a job search portal) at number 20—were cited in the top 20.
The ICT market in Nigeria has expanded significantly over the past decade. The number of licensed ISPs has risen from 18 in 2000 to 136 (with 35 holding licenses that need renewal) as of mid-2011,[21] in addition to 11 active FWA providers[22] and four GSM mobile phone operators that also provide internet access to their subscribers.[23] Nigeria had more licensed ISPs and active FWA providers in 2010, but unlike the growth recorded by GSM operators, ISPs and FWA providers have not had as much success, as more people now access the internet through mobile (GSM) phones. As of June 2011, the four GSM companies had a total of 84 million subscribers between them: MTN had 40.5 million, compared to Globacom's 19.5 million, Airtel's 16 million, and Etisalat's 7.8 million.[24] All of the above companies are privately-owned.
The only government-owned firm in the market, NITEL, is now inactive, with only 58,750 land lines and 258,520 mobile lines. It has remained on the government's privatization list for several years following multiple attempts to sell it. In February 2009, Transcorp, a local conglomerate with strong ties to the government, relinquished its 51 percent stake, which it had acquired in 2006.[25] In February 2010, New Generation Telecoms, a consortium that includes China Unicom, won a controversial bid to purchase the company.[26] Responding to allegations of corruption surrounding the purchase, the president initiated an investigation,[27] but the findings have not yet been published. As at the end of 2011, NITEL remained on the government's list of to-be-sold companies.
Internet services are governed by the Nigerian Telecommunications Act, which vests regulatory responsibilities in the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC). All ISPs must obtain a license from the NCC to operate, but there have been no reports of any ISP being denied a license or registration renewal. However, new ISPs seeking to enter the market have faced challenges in their operations due to competition from larger ISPs and investor focus on the mobile sector. Although the NCC's nine-member board is nominated by the government, the regulator's decisions are viewed as relatively independent.
There have been no reports of the Nigerian government engaging in any form of internet filtering.[28] According to the most recent study by the OpenNet Initiative (ONI), several websites were inaccessible surrounding the elections in 2007; however, the ONI researchers concluded that the disruptions were due to technical problems, not government intervention.[29] On May 29, 2011, there were reports by residents of the capital city, Abuja, that telecommunication services were inaccessible in certain areas. While the incident was not confirmed or reported by the mainstream media, various blogs covered the story, with one blogger reporting quotes from NCC representatives and the Visaphone service provider that confirmed the security reasons behind the isolated telecom shutdown.[30] Nevertheless, the complex nature of Nigeria's internet framework as described above makes it difficult to carry out systematic filtering or censorship. Some ISPs have been known to block access when users infringe on laws by downloading copyrighted content, but this has often been done to manage network traffic rather than protect intellectual property.
In June 2009, reports emerged that the Nigerian government planned to invest in sponsoring pro-government websites and blogs.[31] In practice, it has not been possible to confirm whether the plan has been implemented. Websites, blogs, and commentators are generally divided among anti-government, pro-government, and neutral leanings, and this continued as online political discussions increased in advance of the parliamentary and presidential elections in April 2011. Web commentary appeared to tilt in favor of anti-government leanings in January 2012 during the protests that became known as the Occupy Nigeria protests, but there has been a more balanced set of discussions since then, with many online commentators moving the conversation away from pro- and anti- leanings towards socioeconomic debates.
The April 2011 elections also saw heavy use of social media in discussions concerning the elections, campaigns, and citizen participation. A youth-led group, Enough is Enough Nigeria,[32] launched the Register-Select-Vote-Protect (RSVP) project that relied heavily on the use of social media to mobilize citizens for voter registration and disseminate information on competing candidates, actual voting drives, and election monitoring. The group also launched the mobile application, ReVoDa, which enabled citizens to monitor elections from their respective polling locations on their mobile phones.
Nigeria is home to a diverse blogosphere, with entertainment blogs drawing the most readers and a growing number of Nigerians blogging about their personal lives or social activism issues. Blogs have gradually emerged as an important platform for discussion and a source of reliable news for many users. Readers often leave comments on popular news-oriented blogs to express their frustration with societal ills. The Facebook page of the president has also become a major avenue through which citizens comment on public issues. At the height of the increasing security tensions in the country in January 2012, various comments on the president's Facebook page went as far as accusing the president of incompetence.
The Nigerian blogosphere includes both Nigerians living abroad and locally-based writers. While many of the former are longtime bloggers, only in the past six years have Nigerian residents actively joined the blogosphere,[33] with local blogging gaining momentum following a Nigerian bloggers' conference in 2008.[34] Although two attempts to create Nigerian blog aggregators have failed,[35] GlobalVoicesOnline.org, Blogger.com, Afrigator.com, and WordPress.com are popular platforms on which Nigerian bloggers interact and learn from one another. ICTs have also played an important role in mobilizing people for real life protests and providing updates on unfolding events. In November 2008, a widely circulated YouTube video showed an admiral and several other military officers severely beating a woman whom they deemed too slow in making way for their convoy.[36] Following public outcry, the woman received legal aid from the state government and sued the officers for assault and battery. In January 2010, a court awarded her 100 million naira (approximately US$613,000) in compensation.[37]
Online citizen activism in Nigeria was particularly evident during the 2011 elections, with social media enhancing the flow of information for mobilization and reporting. According to one report,[38] social media changed how information was disseminated, and "citizens accessed information directly and more accurately, resulting in unsurpassed participation in politics during the 2011 elections."[39] In January 2012, following an announcement of fuel pump price increases, protests were staged across Nigeria with the help of information disseminated on social media networks. The protests came to be known as Occupy Nigeria and were also covered by citizens using social media applications.[40]
Nigeria's legal framework has not been revised to reflect the use of new media technologies.[41] This lack of internet-specific legislation has generally fostered an open environment for online activities. Much of the public accepts the need for some regulation of internet use in light of the unchecked cybercrime in the country and the costs it has imposed on Nigeria's economy and global reputation.
At the commencement of the newly-elected National Assembly in June 2011, several proposed bills that could be used to restrict users' rights expired, and many of them have yet to be reintroduced on the assembly floor. In November 2011, the office of the National Security Adviser and other government departments drafted the Cybersecurity Bill, a revised version of the earlier Cyber Security and Information Protection Agency Bill, which had provisions that could restrict users' rights to free expression and privacy because it suggested that security officials could apprehend and prosecute users based on suspicion and without a court order. Taking into account feedback from citizens and stakeholders in the Nigerian ICT sector, the revised version reduced the powers granted to security officers by requiring a court order for the seizure of any equipment and for arrests based on suspicion.
While the 1999 constitution guarantees freedom of expression and of the press, the state often uses arbitrary and extralegal measures to suppress political criticism in the traditional media, and there is a culture of impunity for crimes against media workers. Libel remains a criminal offense, with the burden of proof resting on the defendant. Journalists covering sensitive issues such as official corruption, the president's health, and communal violence are regularly subjected to criminal prosecution. However, no such cases have yet been brought for online expression.[42] The implementation of Sharia (Islamic law) penal codes in 12 northern states has generally not affected internet freedom. However, in March 2010, a Sharia judge in Kaduna state banned efforts by the Civil Rights Congress of Nigeria to initiate online discussion of an amputation sentence on Facebook and Twitter.[43]
Cybercafes do not require customers to register or present any form of identification to go online, and any monitoring software installed on their computers is used only for billing purposes. In June 2009, drawing on the 2003 Nigerian Communications Act, the NCC announced that mobile phone companies would be expected to register all SIM cards by March 1, 2010 (later postponed to September 28, 2011).[44] After the cut-off date, the telecom regulator denied news reports that it had extended the registration deadline,[45] but it allowed the exercise to continue until the completion of the reconciliation exercise for data submitted by telecom service providers. Though the telecom regulator has complained that the exercise has suffered delays because of how telecom companies have managed decentralized registration, users could still register their SIM cards as of March 31, 2012.
Nigerian security services do not appear to proactively monitor internet and mobile phone communications, but many online journalists suspect that they are being monitored by the state. Due to the increase in activities considered acts of terrorism, the Nigerian government announced in November 2011 its intention to acquire "state of the art" security equipment to combat terrorism.[46] As of December 2011, not much has been heard of the project, but suspicions of state monitoring have increased since then, mostly because of the increased use of social media channels by government representatives. At least three government ministers have hosted Twitter chats between January 2011 and March 31, 2012.[47]
The Nigerian authorities have a history of arresting and intimidating traditional media workers, and at least eight journalists have been killed in connection with their work since 1998.[48] Although no individuals have been sentenced to prison or physically attacked for online activities as of April 2012, security agencies in late-2008 detained and interrogated two overseas bloggers upon their arrival in Nigeria. Jonathan Elendu, author of the website Elendu Reports, was arrested in October 2008 by the State Security Service, which is known to take orders directly from the president. He was reportedly questioned in relation to national security issues and for "sponsoring a guerrilla news agency."[49] Many observers believed he was detained for an alleged connection with another online platform, Sahara Reporters, that had published photographs of President Yar'Adua's 13-year-old son "waving wads of money around and holding a policeman's gun,"[50] or for falsely reporting that Yar'Adua had died during the 2007 presidential election campaign. Elendu was released after two weeks without facing charges.[51] The following month, another U.S.-based online journalist Emmanuel Emeka Asiwe, editor of the Huhuonline website, was detained. The State Security Service similarly stated that Asiwe was being questioned about "matters of national security" and released him after a week of interrogation.[52]
Most recently in January 2011, Okey Ndibe, a non-resident columnist with a local newspaper and online blogger was briefly detained on arrival in Nigeria. His passports were seized,[53] and he was directed to report to the State Security Service offices. Mr. Ndibe told the Associated Press that "he believed his brief detention and the passport seizures came from the government's displeasure over his articles." According to the news blog TransparencyNG, "Ndibe's columns criticized the 2007 election that brought late President Umaru Yar'Adua to power… From then on, Ndibe never referred to Yar'Adua as the president." The government did not make any comments about the reason for his arrest, but his passports were given back two days later.[54]
Cyberattacks have increased in Nigeria, though most of the targets remain government websites. The website of the National Assembly was hacked on October 1, 2010 by activists who posted remarks criticizing the ruling elite for poor governance and wastefulness in spending significant resources on celebrations of Nigeria's 50 years of independence.[55] In October 2011, following a statement by the head of the telecom regulatory agency calling for internet control, the website of the NCC and another government agency, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, were hacked by a group known as Naija Cyber Hacktivists,[56] the same activists who have claimed almost all such incidents to date. Cybercrime remains a major problem in Nigeria, and conversations around the need for cybercrime legislation have since moved on to broader discussions on cyber security, mostly because of incidents of terrorism led by an Islamic sect popularly referred to as Boko Haram. A new draft cybercrime bill, coordinated by the offices of the National Security Adviser and the Attorney General, is expected to be presented to the National Assembly as a cyber security bill.
[1] Abegunrin Olayiwola, Nigerian Foreign Policy Under Military Rule, 1966–1999 (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003).
[2] The workshop was hosted by the Yaba College of Technology in Lagos in collaboration with the Nigerian Communications Commission, the National Data Bank, the Literacy Training and Development Program for Africa (University of Ibadan), the Administrative Staff College of Nigeria (ASCON), the United States Information Service (USIS), the Regional Information Network for Africa (RINAF), and the British Council. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, "Nigeria: Internet Connectivity," http://www.uneca.org/aisi/nici/country_profiles/Nigeria/nigeriainter.htm, accessed August 27, 2010.
[4] "Nigeria Internet Users Tops 11 Million, Penetration Now 7.8%," Web Trends Nigeria (blog), October 8, 2009, http://webtrendsng.com/blog/nigeria-internet-users-tops-11-million-penetration-now-7-8/.
[5] International Telecommunication Union (ITU), "Percentage of individuals using the Internet, fixed (wired) Internet subscriptions, fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions," 2011, accessed July 13, 2012, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx#.
[7] Paul Okolo, "Nigeria's Poverty Ratio Rises to 70% of Population, Trust Says," Bloomberg, January 18, 2011, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-18/nigeria-s-poverty-ratio-rises-to-70-of-population-trust-says.html.
[8] "At a Glance: Nigeria—Statistics," United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), last modified March 2, 2010, accessed June 29, 2012, http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/nigeria_statistics.html.
[9] Clara Nwachukwu, "Nigeria maintains lead in generator imports in Africa…," Vanguard Newspaper, January 10, 2011, http://www.vanguardngr.com/2011/01/nigeria-maintains-lead-in-generator-imports-in-africa-%E2%80%A6/.
[10] International Telecommunication Union (ITU), "Percentage of individuals using the Internet, fixed (wired) Internet subscriptions, fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions," 2011, accessed July 13, 2012, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx#.
[11] "Subscriber Data – Monthly Subscriber Data," Nigerian Communications Commission, accessed June 29, 2012, http://www.ncc.gov.ng/industry-statistics/subscriber-data.html.
[12] International Telecommunication Union (ITU),"Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions," 2011, accessed July 13, 2012, http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ICTEYE/Indicators/Indicators.aspx#.
[13] Charlie Fripp, "Mobile Internet Usage Soars in Nigeria," IT News Africa, December 4, 2008, http://www.itnewsafrica.com/?p=1906.
[14] Jayne Augoye, "Why More Internet Users Prefer Mobile Browsers to Desktop," Nigerian Best Forum, November 10, 2011, http://www.nigerianbestforum.com/generaltopics/?p=108283.
[15] Interview with a service provider who requested anonymity, August 2010.
[16] "Our Members," Internet Exchange Point of Nigeria, accessed December 13, 2011, http://www.nixp.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13&Itemid=13.
[17] "Our Clients," Main One Cable Company, accessed December 23, 2011, http://www.mainonecable.com/our-clients.
[18] "Glo 1 Cable Launches in Ghana," AfricanBrains, April 15, 2011, http://www.africanbrains.net/2011/04/15/glo-1-cable-launches-in-ghana/.
[19] "Nigeria Facebook Statistics," Socialbakers, accessed June 29, 2012, http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook-statistics/nigeria.
[20] "Top Sites in Nigeria," Alexa Web Information, accessed December 4, 2011, http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/NG.
[21] "Internet Services," Nigerian Communications Commission, accessed December 31, 2011, http://ncc.gov.ng/component/docman/doc_download/11-internet-services.html.
[22] "Fixed Wireless Access," Nigerian Communications Commission, accessed December 31, 2011, http://ncc.gov.ng/component/docman/doc_download/4-fixed-wireless-access-fwa.html.
[23] "Digital Mobile License," Nigerian Communications Commission, accessed December 31, 2011, http://ncc.gov.ng/component/docman/doc_download/2-digital-mobile-licence-gsm-.html.
[24] "Fixed Wireless Access," Nigerian Communications Commission, accessed December 18, 2011.
[25] "NITEL Board Ratifies Appointment of Chairman: About NITEL," Transcorp, September 24, 2008, http://www.transcorpnigeria.com/corporatecom/archives.php?page=fullstory&nid=60; Betrand Nwankwo and Juliet Alohan, "Nigeria: Transcorp Relinquishes 51 Percent Equity Share in Nitel/Mtel," Leadership, February 26, 2009, http://allafrica.com/stories/200902260498.html.
[26] Camillus Eboh, "New Generation Telecoms Acquires NITEL," Reuters, February 16, 2010, http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5527697-146/new_generation_telecoms_acquires_nitel_.csp.
[27] Camillus Eboh, "Nigeria Cabinet Sacking Delays Nitel sale," Reuters, March 19, 2010, http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSLDE62I0WS20100319.
[28] OpenNet Initiative, "Internet Filtering in Nigeria," October 1, 2009, http://opennet.net/research/profiles/nigeria.
[29] OpenNet Initiative, "Internet Watch Report: The 2007 Presidential Elections in Nigeria," November 2007, http://opennet.net/research/bulletins/014.
[30] Charlie Fripp, "Nigerians angry over Abuja telecom shutdown," IT News Africa, May 31, 2011, http://www.itnewsafrica.com/2011/05/nigeria-angry-over-abuja-mobile-shutdown.
[31] Sokari Ekine, "Nigeria government launches attack against bloggers," Global Voices, June 25, 2009, http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/2009/06/25/nigeria-government-launches-attack-against-bloggers/; "Umaru Yar'adua Regime Launches $5 Million Online War," Sahara Reporters, June 16, 2009, http://www.saharareporters.com/news-page/umaru-yar%E2%80%99adua-regime-launches-5-million-online-war.
[32] The report author is a founding member of the EnoughisEnough Nigeria group (http://www.eienigeria.org).
[33] Remmy Nweke, "Nigeria: Blogging as a Trend in Nigeria," Daily Champion, January 12, 2006, http://allafrica.com/stories/200601120144.html.
[34] 'Gbenga Sesan, "The Nigerian Bloggers' Forum," Oro (blog), September 22, 2005, http://www.gbengasesan.com/blog/?p=10.
[35] The Nigerian Blog Aggregator is available at http://www.nigerianbloggers.com and the Nigerian Weblog Ring at http://nwr.cowblock.net.
[36] "Brutalization of Uzoma Okere," YouTube, November 10, 2008, 1 min., 40 sec., http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHdkyvn41us.
[37] "Uzoma Okere Won N 100 Million," Nigerian Curiosity (blog), January 29, 2010, http://www.nigeriancuriosity.com/2010/01/uzoma-okere-won-n100-mn-video.html.
[38] Judith Asuni and Jacqueline Farris, "Tracking Social Media: The Social Media Tracking Center and the 2011 Nigerian Elections," Shehu Musa Yar'Adua Foundation, 2011, accessed March 31, 2012, http://www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/Tracking-Social-Media-COMPLETE-final.pdf.
[39] Ibid., pg. 18.
[40] Peter Vlam, "Social media inspires Nigerian protests," Radio Netherlands, January 12, 2012, http://www.rnw.nl/africa/article/social-media-inspires-nigerian-protests.
[41] For example, the Evidence Act does not provide for the acceptance of digital evidence in court, although an appellate court in Lagos ruled in May 2010 that computer-generated bank statements could be admitted in the graft trial of a former minister. See, Patience Akpuru, "Nigeria: Fani-Kayode Appeal Court Admits Computer Print-Out," Daily Champion, May 28, 2010, http://allafrica.com/stories/201005310338.html.
[42] Karin Karlekar, ed., "Nigeria," in Freedom of the Press 2009 (New York: Freedom House, 2009), //www.freedomhouse.org/inc/content/pubs/pfs/inc_country_detail.cfm?country=7675&year=2009&pf.
[43] The case centered on Buba Bello Jangebe, whose hand was amputated in 2000 as punishment for stealing a cow. See, Imam Imam, "Nigeria: Sharia Judge Bans Amputation Discussion on Facebook, Twitter," This Day, March 24, 2010, http://allafrica.com/stories/201003240460.html; "Civil Right Congress—Nigeria," Facebook page, accessed March 31, 2012, http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=372845616580; Shehu Sani, "CRC Condemns the Amputation of Buba on March 22, 2000," Twitter post, March 30, 2010, http://www.twitter.com/shehusani.
[44] Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) and National Identity Management Commission (NIMC), Design, Development and Delivery of SIM Card Registration Solution (Abuja: NCC and NIMC, June 15, 2009), http://www.ncc.gov.ng/Headlines/SIM_Registration_RFP.pdf.
[45] "Nigerian regulator will not extend SIM registration deadline," Telecom Paper, September 22, 2011, http://www.telecompaper.com/news/nigerian-regulator-will-not-extend-sim-registration-deadline.
[46] "Federal government to acquire ₦10b gadgets to combat terrorism," Next Newspapers, November 11, 2011, http://234next.com/csp/cms/sites/Next/Home/5747537-146/story.csp.
[47] "[Town Hall Chat] Nigerian Youth Minister On Twitter @ 3-5pm Today," Tekedia, September 8, 2011, http://tekedia.com/21375/town-hall-chat-nigerian-youth-minister-twitter-35pm-today/.
[48] "8 Journalists Killed in Nigeria Since 1992/Motive Confirmed," Committee to Protect Journalists, accessed August 27, 2010http://www.cpj.org/killed/africa/nigeria/.
[49] Ndesanjo Macha, "Nigerian Blogger Arrested for Sponsoring a 'Guerilla News Agency,'" Global Voices, October 24, 2008, http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/24/nigerian-blogger-arrested-for-sponsoring-a-guerilla-news-agency.
[50] "News Blogger Detained in Nigeria," British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), October 23, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/7686119.stm. Sahara Reporters stated that Elendu was not on their staff and had nothing to do with the photos.
[51] Reporters Without Borders, "Nigeria: Online Journalist Emmanuel Emeka Asiwe Freed After One Week," news release, November 18, 2008, http://allafrica.com/stories/200811181177.html.
[53] "Jonathan Government Arrests US -based Newspaper Columnist, Okey Ndibe, At Murtala Mohammed Airport In Lagos," Sahara Reporters, January 8, 2011, http://saharareporters.com/news-page/jonathan-government-arrests-us-based-newspaper-columnist-okey-ndibe-murtala-mohammed-airpo.
[54] "Okey Ndibe's Passport Released," Transparency for Nigeria, January 9, 2011, http://www.transparencyng.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3139:okey-ndibes-passports-released&catid=88:society&Itemid=131.
[55] "Protest Against Wastage At 'Nigeria At 50' Anniversary: Hackers Hijack National Assembly Website," Sahara Reporters, October 2, 2010, http://www.saharareporters.com/news-page/protest-against-wastage-nigeria-50-anniversary-hackers-hijack-national-assembly-website.
[56] Richard Essien, "EFCC & NCC websites hacked," Daily Times, October 29, 2011, http://dailytimes.com.ng/article/efcc-ncc-websites-hacked.


This customer called us to help them address the challenge of having every package of their product contain what the label specifies as they are tested by regulatory authorities for accuracy. They also were concerned with the generation of fines due to the product working against itself and with their long mix times.
The customer currently utilizes a V-cone style of tumbling blender with a mix time in excess of 30 minutes. The units take up a lot of floor space and swing around their axis which means operators must leave the area while the mixers are running. They were examining the feasibility of changing mixing technologies while maintaining product integrity (minimal to no fines generation) and increase safety.
We had met previously at a trade show where we demonstrated our machine and it's ability to mix minor ingredients homogeneously within 30 seconds. We were invited to demonstrate at one of their production facilities with their products in our mobile demonstration mixer. They selected our single rotor mixers because the residency time of the product would be 90% shorter resulting in less product degradation from rubbing against itself and increased safety on the mixing platform.
To substantiate our accuracy and fines claims, the customer produced twenty batches of product over two days of testing while taking approximately 300 samples. They reported all of the samples were within 0.5-0.6% standard deviation.
We custom designed a system with two mixers, a mezzanine, bulk bag unloading, load cell package and controls. We are producing the same amount of product in one single rotor mixer as they were previously in three of their V-cone blenders.
The customer anticipates less than 6 months return on their investment.


Anushka Sharma fasted for her husband Virat Kohli for the first time after marriage. The couple shared a very cute picture on social media. Anushka looked very nice in her yellow and white saree.
Actress Shilpa Shetty Kundra fasted for her husband Raj Kundra, just like she does every year. She looked stunning in her grey designer saree. The duo spent a quiet evening together after Shilpa broke her fast.
Television actress Divyanka Tripathi Dahiya also fasted for her husband Vivek Dahiya. They looked really nice together.
Anil Kapoor's wife, Sunita Kapoor also fasted for him and just like every year, she organized a Karwa Chauth party at her house.
Various celebrities including Raveena Tandon and Neelam came to the Kapoor house for the puja. Sunita Kapoor posted the picture on Instagram and captioned it, "Miss you Sridevi." Late actress Sridevi was married to Anil Kapoor's elder brother Boney Kapoor and lost her life in February this year, under mysterious circumstances.
Yesteryear actress Raveena Tandon fasted for her husband Anil Thadani. Her traditional red suit made her look very ethnic and was apt for the occasion.
Actor Ayushman Khurana fasted for his wife Tahira's long life and health since she is fighting cancer and is not allowed to fast.
Latest Diamond Earrings Trends of 2018!


The Chesapeake Life Center is offering a "What Grief Teaches" workshop for ages 18 and up from 6 to 7:30 p.m. on June 26 and again on Aug. 21. A Widow/Widowers drop-in support group for career-aged adults who are grieving the death of a spouse or life partner will meet from 5:30 to 7:30 p.m. on June 19. Both groups will meet at the Annapolis location, 445 Defense Highway.
The Chesapeake Life Center is now registering participants for Camp Nabi and Phoenix Rising. Held simultaneously at the Arlington Echo Outdoor Education Center, both programs will take place the weekend of Aug. 9 – 11, 2013. For one weekend during August, Chesapeake Life Center staff and trained volunteers give grieving children and teens the gifts of hope and healing.
Camp Nabi, a weekend camp for grieving children ages 6 to 13, provides time for children to share their stories, play and work together and enjoy canoeing and swimming. Camp Nabi has served more than a thousand children and adolescents since opening the program 20 years ago.
Phoenix Rising is a weekend retreat for teens who will explore coping strategies while making new friends and participating in activities. Since its beginning 10 years ago, the camp has served hundreds of teens from both counties.
Both camps provide a challenging and interactive program supported by a professional staff and team of trained volunteers to help participants process their grief in a safe, accepting environment. Arlington Echo Outdoor Education Center is located at 975 Indian Landing Road in Millersville.
For more information on the camps and the support groups, contact the Chesapeake Life Center at 410-987-2129 or visit www.chesapeakelifecenter.org.


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text:
Q: Is there way to check if an object exists and has a child in a single line? Is there a way to check if req.user.premium is true without having to check if req.user exists or is there a way to simplify this into a single line?
I've tried just checking req.user.premium but if req.user is empty then it throws an error because req.user is undefined, the same goes for req.user && req.user.premium.
if(req.user){
    if(req.user.premium){
        console.log('Is premium');
    }
}

A: One line, (assuming you still console.log an empty val):
console.log((req.user && req.user.premium) ? 'Is premium' : '');

OR 2 lines (1 statement line):
if(req.user && req.user.premium)
    console.log("is premium");

EDIT:
Assuming your req object is undefined... do this:
One line, (assuming you still console.log an empty val):
console.log((req && req.user && req.user.premium) ? 'Is premium' : '');

OR 2 lines (1 statement line):
if(req && req.user && req.user.premium)
    console.log("is premium");

If the first condition (req) is undefined, the second and third conditions will not be evaluated - AKA: Short-Circutiing)

A: if(req.user && req.user.premium){
     console.log('Is premium');
}

that's about as simple as it gets
you can also do:
var premium = false;

try{
  premium = req.user.premium;
}
catch(err){

}


text:
Колхети-1913 () е грузински професионален футболен отбор от град Поти.

Клубът е основан през 1949 г. Играе домакинските си мачове на стадион "Фазиси" в Поти, който разполага с капацитет от 6000 места. Тимът играе в Умаглеши лигата – най-високото ниво на грузинския клубен футбол. По-рано клубът се нарича "Колхида". В съветското време играе в клас "Б" и втора лига.

Успехи

СССР
 Шампионат на Грузинска ССР
  Шампион (1): 1978
 Еравнули лига
  Второ място (3): 1993/94, 1996/97 2014/15
  Трето място (3): 1994/95, 1995/96, 1997/98.

Участие в европейските клубни турнири

Източници

Външни препратки
 Колхети в UEFA.com
 Колхети в transfermarkt.it
 K'olkheti-1913 Poti nel periodo sovietico Колхети в съветския период
 K'olkheti-1913 Колхети в грузинския период
 Колхети в footballfacts.ru

Колхети-1913
Спорт в Поти
Спорт в Грузия