text:
IN THIS EDITION:
* + FCC's Bill Cross: "Behave Yourselves!"
* + ARRL Donors Gather in Dayton
* + Frank Bauer, KA3HDO, Receives ARRL President's Award
* + ARRL Field Day Tips and Techniques that Everyone Can Use
* + The ARRL Triple Play Award: A Worldwide Event!
* + Ham Radio DIY at Maker Faire
*  Solar Update
*  IN BRIEF:
This Week on the Radio
ARRL Continuing Education Course Registration
+ 2009 ARRL Photo Contest Ends Soon
+ ARRL DXCC Desk Approves Saudi Operation
+Available on ARRL Audio News <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/audio/>
==>Delivery problems: First see FAQ <http://www.arrl.org/members-only/faq.html#nodelivery>, then e-mail <letter-dlvy@arrl.org>;
==>Editorial questions or comments only: S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA <k1sfa@arrl.org>;
==> FCC'S BILL CROSS: "BEHAVE YOURSELVES!"
Bill Cross, W3TN, a staff member in the FCC's Mobility Division <http://wireless.fcc.gov/index.htm?job=md>, and Laura Smith, FCC Special Counsel for Amateur Enforcement, spoke at the FCC Forum on Saturday, May 16 at the 2009 Dayton Hamvention. Cross opened by explaining just where Amateur Radio falls in the FCC's bureaucracy: "In the Mobility Division [part of the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau <http://wireless.fcc.gov/>], we handle the day-to-day administration of the Amateur Service and some of the rulemaking activities that affect Amateur Radio. The Division also has staff members in our Gettysburg, Pennsylvania office. Our Gettysburg staff handles most of your applications and the licensing matters and deals with the Universal Licensing System, or ULS" <http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls/index.htm?job=home>.
Cross offered some general comments on the Commission and its priorities, then went on to discuss topics that he said "keep coming up in questions we receive in articles that appear on Web sites and in columns in newsletters and the like. I'm not going to spend a lot of time talking about Commission decisions that have been issued, because most of these have been reported on the ARRL or other Web sites."
Cross went on to say that he does hear from Riley Hollingsworth, who retired as Special Counsel for the Spectrum Enforcement Division in July 2008; Smith replaced Hollingsworth earlier this year. Saying he received an e-mail from Hollingsworth that asked his opinion whether he should get an amplifier or 260 feet of hardline, Cross said that was an easy question to answer: "Get both! Two hundred and sixty feet of hardline. Okay. Thirty feet through the house, 30 feet out to the tower and 200 feet straight up. That sounded pretty reasonable. But then I found out that what he was thinking about was 230 feet across the back yard and 30 feet up. So, I've still got some work to do there."
As for the FCC Administration, Cross said that "the relationships between the Commissioners are very collegial." Cross pointed out that earlier this year, President Obama nominated two people to fill Commissioner vacancies: Julius Genachowski for Chairman <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2009/03/03/10684/?nc=1> and Mignon Clyburn <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2009/04/30/10795/> to fill the seat held by Jonathan Adelstein. Adelstein has been nominated to head up the Rural Utilities Service, of the United States Department of Agriculture <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2009/03/23/10716/?nc=1>. "The last I read was that their confirmation hearings would be held after Memorial Day, and beyond that, we really don't know what's planned," Cross told the crowd. "So maybe by the end of the summer, sometime during the summer, the Commission will be back up to its complement of five Commissioners and we will have a new Chairman, too."
Cross said that he has been getting questions concerning RACES <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RACES>, asking what plans the FCC has to rejuvenate the organization. "The questions have been from a couple of FEMA guys who also happen to be hams," he said. "Now, in RACES, stations are certified by a civil defense organization and persons who hold an FCC-issued Amateur Radio operators license are certified by that civil defense organization as enrolled in it. I know that the term 'civil defense organization' is way out-of-date -- 'emergency management agencies' is probably a more current term. But the terminology used in the rules reflects that RACES was created in the Cold War era when there was a concern that everyone would be ordered off the air."
Cross pointed out that RACES "seems to be used for local, state and regional events and it is administered by FEMA. The rules require that communications transmitted in RACES be approved by the organization that certified people and that they're enrolled with. Fundamentally, RACES is there to serve whatever purpose that the emergency management agency has for it. Because the emergency management agency decides whether it has a use for a RACES group, the rejuvenation, if it is even necessary, will have to come from the local or state organizations. They will have to get people interested in joining their groups if they have a use for them. Some of the people I have talked to in different government agencies wonder why we still have this service, given the way that emergency communications are run and managed today."
Amateur Radio and Pecuniary Interests
A topic that keeps popping up, Cross said, is business use of Amateur Radio, specifically transmitting messages on behalf of an employer. "Section 97.113 <http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2002/octqtr/pdf/47cfr97.113.pdf> answers this question straight on: 'No amateur station shall transmit communications for hire or for material compensation, direct or indirect, paid or promised, except as otherwise provided in these rules.' There are two exceptions. There are exceptions for teachers who are using Amateur Radio as the control operator of a station in an educational institution as part of a classroom thing and control operators of club stations in certain cases. A station is also not allowed to transmit communication in which the station licensee or control operator has a pecuniary interest, including communications on behalf of an employer. There is an exception to that rule that allows you to transmit communications that are commonly referred to as "swap nets," but eBay seems to have reduced the need for these nets. And you're not allowed to transmit communications on a regular basis which could reasonably be furnished through other radio services."
Cross said that Section 97.113 is in the rules for two reasons: It meets a statutory requirement and it is there to protect your frequencies from becoming the business radio alternative voice overflow, or "'BRAVO Service.' Because your spectrum is so valuable, if you let users such as businesses, TV stations, the National Weather Service or other users -- be they for-profit or non-profit -- use your frequencies to meet their communications needs, your frequencies will become their frequencies. All it takes is an allocation proceeding with the FCC, and your spectrum is gone. And you will be left whining about it in Internet chat rooms."
Cross pointed out the ARRL Chief Executive Officer David Sumner, K1ZZ, "had an editorial on this on April 1, 2009 [on the ARRL Web site and in the April 2009 edition of QST] ["It Seems to Us: Keeping the 'Amateur' in Amateur Radio," page 9]. That's probably not the best day to date something, but you should read it. And I have plagiarized from that greatly because it is very elegant and spot on" <http://www.arrl.org/news/features/2009/04/01/10668/>.
The bottom line, Cross said, is "that when any of us are on the air as amateurs in the ham bands, we are not pursuing financial gain for ourselves or our employers. The 'no pecuniary principle' has been reflected in the FCC regulations since 1928. It distinguishes us from commercial services. In 1993, the Commission, at your request, dropped the 'no business communications' language and simply prohibited communications on behalf of an amateur's employer or in which the amateur has a pecuniary interest. The Commission stated that any amateur-to-amateur communications is permitted unless specifically prohibited or unless transmitted for compensation or done for the pecuniary benefit for the station control operator or his or her employer."
Cross said that it does not matter what type of technology -- be it SSB, digital, slow scan TV or CW -- is used to transmit that communications: "It boils down to a simple four part test that you, as the control operator of the station, must ask yourself before you cause the station to transmit a message. One, is the communications expressly prohibited in the rules? For instance, is it music, is it obscenity, something like that. Two, is the communications transmitted for compensation? Whether it's paid or compensation in some other way, such as, 'If you get this message to a friend of mine who's on a sailboat in the middle of nowhere, I'll pay your light bill.' Or, 'Get this message to someplace and I'll buy you a new radio.' That's indirect compensation. Three, does the control operator have a pecuniary interest in the communications? That is, could he or she benefit financially? Stock trades on ham radio benefit you financially. And four, does the control operator's employer have an interest in the communications? If the answer to each of these questions is 'no,' then the communications is acceptable with the caveat that it is not on a regular basis, one which could be furnished alternatively through other radio services."
There are limits to what an amateur can do on behalf of his or her employer, Cross said, as well as limits to the extent that Amateur Radio can be used for the purpose for which other radio services were created. "'No communications on behalf of an employer' means just that," he said. "There's no exception for the 15 minutes you're on break. There's no exception for 'Gee, it's the weekend,' or there's no exception because you want to do it. If it's your employer, you cannot transmit communications on their behalf. That is a commercial communications."
Public Service Communications
The last topic Cross addressed concerned public service communications. "There's no rule about public service communications as such in Part 97, because most of the messages you transmit that you think of as public service communications are allowed by Section 97.111 <http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2002/octqtr/pdf/47cfr97.111.pdf>. Paragraph (a) authorizes an amateur station to transmit two-way communications including, among other things, exchanging messages with other stations in the Amateur Service and communications necessary to meet essential communications needs and to facilitate relief actions." Cross noted that most of these transmissions -- the essential communications needs and facilitating relief actions -- are two-way exchanges with messages with other amateur stations. "The rule also authorizes you to transmit one-way communications, such as transmissions necessary to make adjustments to the station -- these are your tests, your tones, tossing the carrier to see what the SWR is, that sort of thing -- and brief transmissions necessary to establish two-way communications with other stations."
Cross said that the rules cover everything we do as Amateur Radio operators: "Ragchewing, DX, contests, DXpeditions, county hunting, tuning up, everything. Ninety-nine percent of our communications fall under the rules that are there."
Emergency communications, by their nature, involve an element of immediacy, immediate safety of property and life. "Reporting where damage is, what happened after a tornado goes through or where power lines are down, is certainly public service communications and it's allowed under 97.111, but it may not involve an immediate safety of life and property," Cross explained. "A bridge washed out, for example, may need a more immediate response than downed trees, and reporting that is already allowed as just two-way communications between stations. A car with occupants floating down a river is clearly an emergency situation. In cases like that, the rules already provide that at all times and on all frequencies, each control operator must give priority to stations providing emergency communications. I have never heard of a case where a ham station has come on a repeater or a frequency and said, 'I have an emergency message,' and someone said, 'Wait your turn.' That's not your style."
Laura Smith
The Dayton Hamvention was one of the first events Smith has attended in her role as Special Counsel. Cross introduced Smith, explaining that he used to work for her and that she was "one of the best people that we possibly could get for this job, because before she came to the Wireless Bureau, she had worked in mass media. After she had been in the Wireless Bureau, Laura had been the president of a trade association in Washington. Many of the issues that come up with other entities using amateur spectrum are entities that are either in mass media services or in land-mobile services and they are basically lusting after your bands. So we are fortunate now that when someone calls up, Laura has this breadth of knowledge of not only what the amateur stuff is, but where [land-mobile and mass media services] actually really should belong. And she can counsel them very gently that they need to get licensed here and not, you know, where they think they are. This is something you don't see. Believe it or not, this is a tremendous help to you."
He mentioned that Smith plans to stay in this position for the long haul: "So if you have any ideas about a short-timer or think you're going to get away with it, plan on about 15 years down the road. In the meantime, behave yourselves!"
Smith explained that when she took over the amateur enforcement position earlier this year, the job had changed a bit from when Hollingsworth was in the office. "This job used to be in the Spectrum Enforcement Division down in DC; it was a remote position in a DC office," she explained. "It is no longer in that Division. I am actually a Field Agent. I'm attached to the FCC Field Office, I'm in the Northeast Region and my supervisor is the Regional Director for the Northeast Region." She told the crowd that she has spent a large portion of her time going through all the files that had accumulated, about 430 cases, while the position was vacant.
She explained the different types of complaints her office receives, such as complaints dealing with criminal investigations, technical violations, harassment and language complaints, malicious interference complaints and unlicensed users.
Smith also handles RFI complaints. Saying that these complaints are "ultimately going to be the most troublesome," she explained that there are two kinds of RFI complaints. "The first type of RFI complaint I get are the ones where your neighbors are complaining about you. You guys are causing interference to their television or to their radios or their telephone. The Commission generally tells them if you are a licensed amateur operator operating in the parameters of your license, then the Part 15 device that you are causing interference to is subject to that interference, and the rules state that very clearly. We suggest that they either work with you or they get a filter; those are the two suggestions."
Smith, in cooperation with the ARRL Lab, also handles utility line interference complaints. "This one, you would think, would be easy to resolve -- the power line is causing interference, the utility will come out and fix it and everything will be fine. Not quite so easy," she explained. "Those of you that have been experiencing it for 3, 4, 5, 10, 12 years know that in fact, that is not what happens. What I am discovering is that the utilities quite simply don't know how to fix the problem. They can't identify the noise. What they will do is they will go out and will find 15 sources of noise. They will fix these 15 sources of noise and then they will come back to me with this detailed list of these 15 sources of noise that they have fixed. Yea! We're all done. No -- they haven't fixed your noise. So they don't quite understand the concept of 'Don't just run out and fix everything you see, that's irrelevant to the amateur.' The amateur wants you to fix their noise."
Smith described that the first step the utilities need to do is to go to the amateur's house and listen to the noise and determine exactly what they're hearing. "This way, when they fix it, you can ultimately figure out if you have in fact fixed their noise. I'm trying to figure out a way with the Lab as to how we can best tell the utilities that they really need to think about how their processes work and what we can do to educate them so they can get out and fix this."
Smith has also given utility companies time limits to fix the noise complaints. "I am telling them, 'If you go out and you can't fix it, every two weeks you have to report back to me in writing why you can't fix it.' Utilities are, generally speaking publicly traded companies, so what happens is that they have a Board of Directors that they answer to. Those people are not going to want them to waste time and energy writing this crazy woman in Gettysburg every two weeks a detailed report. And believe you me, if they miss their deadline, I call them and tell them 'You've missed your deadline. I need your report.' I have spoken to more heads of utilities in the last three weeks than I ever care to speak to again. They have no qualms about calling me, saying 'We can't meet the deadline.' And I explain to them that's fine, I'll just write up this nice little letter [saying] you can write your check to the federal government."
Smith suggested to the amateur community "that we as a collective -- you guys and me -- we can have a great relationship, we can do this the easy way. You guys can, in fact, follow the rules and remember that when you signed up to become an amateur, you actually committed to adhere to the Commission's rules. I'm going to strongly suggest that you hold to that. If you don't we can do this the difficult way, and I am more than willing to do that if it comes down to it."
Cross and Smith then took questions from the audience. They concerned grandfathering Advanced class license holders to Extra class, enforcing Amateur Radio rules on stations originating outside the US, what type of internal review is required before a Notice of Apparent Liability is issued, keeping undesired hams off a repeater system, issues with D-STAR repeaters allowing Internet content to be carried on amateur frequencies and establishments that sell 10 meter radios disguised as 11 meter radios.
Smith also told the crowd why she has not yet become a licensed Amateur Radio operator: "My father-in-law is Richard Smith. He is the former Chief of the Field Operations Bureau. The Field Operations Bureau was the precursor to the Enforcement Bureau. When Dick started his career at the FCC, he worked in the LA Field Office as an engineer; one of the duties that he had while he was out there was to administer the Amateur Radio tests. His expertise just so happened to be in the Code. He is an incredible operator. And so when I decided to take this job, I did not want to run out and get my license before I took the job for a lot of reasons. Not the least of which is I felt it would be a sham -- I wasn't an amateur before I took the job, I didn't want you to think that I was selling you so short that I was going to run out and get my license to try and validate myself for this industry. Instead, I said that I would wait and take the exam later and become an amateur as I got to know the community. When I told the story to Dick and I said I was thinking about getting my license, he said to me, 'You will not get your license until you can pass the code part of the test.' Unfortunately, he followed that up with a caveat, which was 'I will be there to oversee the administration of the test to determine whether or not you are competent and qualified to be an amateur.' So I have to learn code -- I obviously do not know it." Smith said she plans on learning CW this summer, along with her six year old daughter.
Cross closed the forum, quipping, "For those of you who are concerned, I made sure she went by the Vibroplex booth, and we also stopped by the Begali booth. So she got to see what the minimum requirements are for proper CW."
An audio feed of the FCC forum can be found on the ARRL Web site <http://www.arrl.org/news/files/FCC-Forum-2009.mp3>.
==> ARRL DONORS GATHER IN DAYTON
More than 100 ARRL donors gathered to mix and mingle at the ARRL's Eighth Annual Donor Reception on Thursday, May 14, just prior to the 2009 ARRL National Convention and Dayton Hamvention. Hosted by the ARRL as a way to thank those who donated $1000 or more to the League in 2008, the reception -- held at the Meadowbrook Country Club -- featured a sumptuous buffet and a speech by new IARU President Tim Ellam, VE6SH/G4HUA <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2009/02/11/10645/?nc=1>.
"It is always great fun to see many of our good friends at the Annual Donor Reception," said ARRL Chief Development Officer Mary Hobart, K1MMH. "I have a chance to catch up with the wonderful group of people share our dedication to ARRL and Amateur Radio. In the eight years that we've been holding this event, its popularity grows and we get to meet new donors, and in some cases, their spouses and children. We look forward to hosting this evening and having an opportunity to thank key donors in person for all they do to support ARRL."
One of the highlights of the evening was the introduction of three new members of the ARRL's Maxim Society <http://www.arrl.org/development/maxim.html>: Frank Donovan, W3LPL, of Glenwood, Maryland; Tom Hutton, N3ZZ, of Cupertino, California, and Tom Porter, W8KYZ, of Avon Lake, Ohio. With the addition of these three amateurs, there are now 61 members of the Maxim Society. Maxim Society donors are those amateurs whose lifetime giving exceeds $10,000.
This elite group embodies the spirit of ARRL co-founder Hiram Percy Maxim, W1AW, who, in 1914, envisioned an organization dedicated to encouraging and developing Amateur Radio as a source of enjoyment for radio operators and as a public service to communities nationwide. Maxim Society donors nurture the legacy and leadership exhibited by "The Old Man" so many years ago. Their infectious enthusiasm and deep commitment to Amateur Radio and ARRL are evidence of their abiding loyalty. Their willingness to contribute generously to the work of ARRL is evidence of a remarkable dedication to the vision of Hiram Percy Maxim.
After a welcome from ARRL President Joel Harrison, W5ZN, ARRL CEO David Sumner, K1ZZ, introduced Ellam, whose remarks focused on the impact that the ARRL had on his introduction to Amateur Radio as a young man in Canada, telling the story of how the ARRL Handbook played a pivotal role in his effort to secure his first Amateur Radio license in 1976.
"One of the textbooks for the Amateur Radio class run by my local club was the 1976 version of the ARRL Handbook," Ellam told the group. "The club also paid for associate membership in the ARRL, Canadian Division, which had the benefit of allowing students to receive QST. When it came time to write my exam, I decided to be a rebel. Rather than using all of the approved schematics to memorize and draw for the exam, I made one change: I drew a simple key klix filter that I had memorized from the ARRL Handbook.
"Weeks later, my exam results came in the mail. I had failed. The Canadian government decided the ARRL version of the key klix filter would not work north of the border and gave me a zero. This meant I failed the entire test, with no possibility of retaking it for several months. My hopes of becoming an amateur were crushed. So off to the local office of the Department of Communications I marched, with my trusty ARRL Handbook under my arm. After a spirited debate, the person manning the desk at the office allowed me to speak to an examiner and review my results with him. He argued I had failed to draw a correct key klix filter. I showed him the one in the ARRL Handbook. He refused to accept it! I pushed the issue. We went to see the district director, who was an amateur. He took one look at the schematic and said, "This is from the ARRL Handbook -- it must be right!" and overruled the inspector and passed me on the spot.
"I was so impressed by the power of the Handbook that I have maintained my ARRL membership to this day. By doing that, I of course received QST and through that, I became aware of the work of the ARRL and IARU."
Ellam said that it was "an honor to speak at the ARRL Donor Reception in front of so many supporters of ARRL and the Amateur Service. The IARU appreciates the support of the ARRL as the International Secretariat."
For more information on giving opportunities, please visit the ARRL Development Office Web site <http://www.arrl.org/development/>.
==> FRANK BAUER, KA3HDO, RECEIVES ARRL PRESIDENT'S AWARD
On Saturday, May 16 during the forum featuring Richard Garriott, W5KWQ, at the Dayton Hamvention, ARRL President Joel Harrison, W5ZN, presented former Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS) <http://www.rac.ca/ariss/oindex.htm> International Chairman Frank Bauer, KA3HDO, with the ARRL President's Award. Bauer, who stepped down from ARISS <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2009/03/25/10724/> and Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation's (AMSAT) <http://www.amsat.org/> duties this past March, served as ARISS Program Leader and ARISS International Working Group Chair. Since 1991, he served as AMSAT Vice President for Human Spaceflight Programs.
The ARRL Board of Directors voted to create the President's Award in 2003. The President's Award is to go to an ARRL member or members who "have shown long-term dedication to the goals and objectives of ARRL and Amateur Radio," and who have gone the extra mile to support individual League programs and goals. Nominations for the award come from directors and are approved by the ARRL President and the Executive Committee.
Under Bauer's leadership, Amateur Radio activities have been on human spaceflight vehicles, including NASA-sponsored ham radio activities on the shuttle, Space Station Mir and the ISS. Starting in 1983, Bauer led the Goddard Amateur Radio Club team that provided around-the clock space shuttle retransmissions from the WA3NAN club station. These retransmissions provided the international ham radio community up-to-the-minute information during the flight of Owen Garriott, W5LFL, on STS-9 <http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-9.html> and subsequent SAREX flights. In the days prior to the Internet, these real-time bulletins and frequent orbital element updates could only be obtained through Amateur Radio.
"For well over a decade, I have been fortunate to be part of a group that has been leading international teams together to focus on Amateur Radio on the ISS," Bauer told the ARRL. "As AMSAT Vice President for Human Spaceflight since 1991, I have really worked to get this international team to work as one, focusing on Amateur Radio. It is very critical to get all the space agency partners to have a vested interest in making sure we do Amateur Radio right on the ISS. We need to keep the partnership we have with our international team in good stead."
Bauer said that through the years, the AMSAT and ARISS teams have developed a substantial amount of hardware and software systems on the ISS. "We have trained astronauts and cosmonauts to use the equipment that we have on many modules," he said. "We have two systems on the Russian module with five antennas, and two L/S band antennas on Columbus <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2008/02/14/101/>, with new ones going up later this year -- all of this is being done by a volunteer team. Both AMSAT and ARISS have done a tremendous job promoting Amateur Radio, allowing hams to talk with astronauts and encouraging children to pursue technical careers."
Bauer said that when a new crew of astronauts comes on board at NASA, ARISS gives them a briefing, familiarizing them with the ARISS program and Amateur Radio in general. "We are very fortunate that all of the US astronauts of late have received their Amateur Radio licenses," he said. "We emphasize to them how important it is to get their license early in their training, because as their training progresses, they get caught up in everything and it is hard to find the time to study and take the exam. From an astronaut perspective, I think it's a little easier for them to pass the test, since they know most of the theory stuff, but they do need to be trained on the rules and regulations that govern the Amateur Radio Service."
ARRL President Joel Harrison, W5ZN, said he was very honored to present Bauer with his award. "I have had the pleasurable opportunity first hand to see Frank work with the international community to ensure Amateur Radio became and remained a part of manned space flight. Frank's ability to organize all parties to consensus regarding key issues was vital to the program. The amateur community owes a great deal of gratitude to Frank for his many years of dedication to service and education."
Bauer told the ARRL that he was "proud and humbled" to receive the ARRL President's Award. "It was a total surprise, I did not expect any of this. I want to thank the ARRL leadership for this very prestigious award. And thanks to the entire ARISS volunteer team for their outstanding support and diligence in inspiring our next generation of explorers through Amateur Radio contacts between school students and crew members on the ISS."
ARRL ARISS Program Manager Rosalie White, K1STO, who, together with Bauer, served as the USA delegates to ARISS, told the ARRL she was "very happy" for her colleague and friend: "Over the years, Frank continuously gave more to the ARISS project than anyone could ever expect of one person. He put his heart and soul into ARISS because he believed in its objectives: To introduce teachers and youth to Amateur Radio and the foundation of radio science, plus provide students with a way via radio to get involved in science, technology, engineering and math."
Bauer is currently the Chief Engineer for the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate at NASA. This directorate is developing the next generation human spaceflight vehicles that will take NASA to the International Space Station (ISS) and then to the Moon, Mars and beyond. He is also providing some backup support to the Space Operations Chief Engineer who supports the space shuttle and ISS programs.
==> ARRL FIELD DAY TIPS AND TECHNIQUES THAT EVERYONE CAN USE
Many amateurs treat ARRL Field Day (June 27-28) as a contest, even though it isn't one <http://www.arrl.org/fieldday>. But if your idea of Field Day fun is to go for the highest score possible, ARRL Contest Branch Manager Sean Kutzko, KX9X, offered the following suggestions at the ARRL Field Day Forum at the 2009 Dayton Hamvention.
1) You will get many more stations in your log by calling CQ than by tuning the dial and answering CQs; however, if you're calling CQ and not getting any replies, keep calling. Most major contesters call CQ for several minutes at a time before giving up. Giving up after three or four CQs is giving up too soon.
2) Keep your CQs short and to the point: "CQ Field Day, CQ Field Day, Whiskey-One-Alfa-Whiskey, Field Day." Wait about 5 seconds between CQs -- this gives stations enough time to answer you.
3) Use standard phonetics. "Cute" phonetics don't always get through and they can confuse newer operators.
4) When working a station, you should give your exchange information only once and keep it simple. "Whiskey-One-Alfa-Whiskey, copy three Foxtrot Connecticut, QSL?" If they didn't get all of the exchange, they will ask for a repeat.
5) If you are running a pileup: Once you have pulled a call out of the pileup, give your exchange information first. Here's an example: "Whiskey-One-Alfa-Whiskey, copy 3F Connecticut, QSL?" Don't ask for the calling station's information first -- this will reduce any sense of rhythm and timing in the pileup.
6) If you get a pileup of stations and can't make out an entire call, listen for one letter and ask for it specifically: "The station with Delta only, go ahead."
7) When you get the other station's information, keep your acknowledgment simple. "QSL, thanks, QRZ Field Day from Whiskey-One-Alfa-Whiskey."
8) Find a comfortable pace for you and maintain that pace. You will tire quickly if you are screaming into the microphone or trying to work stations too quickly. This leads to inefficiency.
9) Use a headset with a boom microphone and a foot switch -- this frees up your hands to log QSOs. Writing or typing with a mike in your hand slows you down.
10) Go for as many bonus points as you possibly can. Numerous opportunities exist, from copying the Field Day message to sending traffic to using natural power for QSOs.
These tips should help maximize your score on Field Day. Remember: No matter how you choose to enjoy Field Day, maximize your fun, however you define it.
==> THE ARRL TRIPLE PLAY AWARD: A WORLDWIDE EVENT!
The ARRL Triple Play Award (TPA) -- introduced January 1, 2009 <http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2008/12/05/10490/> -- is available to all amateurs worldwide who confirm QSOs with each of the 50 states on voice, CW and digital modes via Logbook of the World (LoTW) <http://www.arrl.org/lotw>. Not even six months since its inception, the Triple Play Award has been awarded to 269 hams around the world.
The first recipient was Dave Strout, W2YC, of Williamstown, New Jersey. Strout achieved this milestone on January 15. The very next day, Jeff Wheeler, W7JW, of Plymouth, Michigan, received TPA #2.
But the TPA is not limited to US hams. On February 11, Scotland's Cris Henderson, GM4FAM, was the first ham outside the US to receive the TPA award, #158. Jose Vicente Pinto, YV6BTF, of Venezuela, received TPA #163, making him the first South American amateur to achieve the award. Hams in many countries, such as Brazil, France, Belgium, Spain, Germany, Poland, Colombia and Mexico, have claimed the Triple Play Award.
"An side effect of the Triple Play Award has been the increased issuance of basic Worked All States (WAS) <http://www.arrl.org/awards/was/> awards for Phone, CW, Digital and Basic modes," said ARRL Awards Manager Bill Moore, NC1L. "Comments on the Triple Play Award have been very positive, reflecting a renewed interest in the challenge -- and of course, the fun! -- that ARRL awards continue to provide. The Triple Play Award is the first of what we hope to be many more LoTW-only awards in the future."
The Triple Play Award is a one-time award -- once you have made the required 150 confirmed contacts via LoTW, you're done. "Even so," ARRL Chief Executive Officer David Sumner, K1ZZ, said, "there are many possible variations on the theme. You can try to be the first (or at least the first on your block) or you can set your own pace. Think it's too easy? Limit yourself to QRP while operating your favorite mode (or all three). Maybe you prefer to be the quarry; it will quickly emerge which states are the most difficult to find, offering opportunities to earn the gratitude of your mates by activating the ones you can get to with your portable or mobile rig."
If you haven't yet begun trying for the Triple Play Award, why not start? There are still quite a few State QSO Parties this year, and the DX contest season starts in a few months. According to Sumner, contesters are among the most loyal devotees of LoTW. Once you begin, you might find that the pursuit can be terribly addictive.
The rules for the Triple Play Award state that two-way communication must be established on the amateur bands with each state on each mode (the District of Columbia may be counted for Maryland). There is no minimum signal report required. Contacts must be made from the same location, or from locations no two of which are more than 50 miles apart. Club station applicants must include their club name and call sign of the club station or trustee on their application. The Triple Play Award will be issued on sequentially numbered certificates, starting with #1, as determined by the time stamp of the electronic application as submitted via LoTW. There are no endorsements for this award.
Contacts made through repeater devices or any other power relay method may not be used for WAS confirmation (a separate WAS award is available for satellite contacts). All stations contacted must be land stations; contacts with ships, anchored or otherwise, and aircraft, cannot be counted. The only exception to this rule is permanently docked exhibition ships (such as the Queen Mary) and other historic ships will be considered land based.
Triple Play Award applicants who reside in the US must be ARRL members to be eligible to receive the award. DX stations do not need to be ARRL members. All bands -- with the exception of 60 meters -- may be used in pursuit of the Triple Play Award.
==> HAM RADIO DIY AT MAKER FAIRE
Ham radio demonstrations and displays are in the works for Maker Faire, May 30-31, the world's largest do-it-yourself (DIY) festival <http://www.makerfaire.com/>. This year, the festival will take place at the San Mateo County Expo Center in California. According to ARRL Sales and Marketing Manager Bob Inderbitzen, NQ1R -- who is attending the fair along with dozens of San Francisco Bay Area hams -- this annual event showcases the country's best innovations in science and technology, engineering, arts and crafts, food and music. "It's no surprise that such an event has captured the attention of the ham radio community. Do-it-yourself, or DIY, has always been a signature of the Amateur Radio Service," he said.
Inderbitzen said that this year's Maker Faire theme -- ReMake America: Building a Sustainable Future -- is based on President Obama's call to action to participate in a new era of DIY. "The Amateur Radio community fits this mold perfectly," Inderbitzen said. "Hams represent the very best of service-to-country and community. We're both doers and makers of things."
A large exhibit area at Maker Faire is planned to help spotlight ham radio. The Foothills Amateur Radio Society is the primary sponsor of the Amateur Radio exhibit, but volunteers from many participating ham radio clubs and other related groups -- including the Silicon Valley Amateur Television Group, the Palo Alto Amateur Radio Association, the Mad Scientist Amateur Radio Club, the Kings Mountain Amateur Radio Club, the Burlingame Red Cross, BAERS Ham Cram and Ham Radio Outlet are going to be there, as well. The coordinating effort is being lead by ARRL Santa Clara Valley Assistant Section Manager Michael Pechner, KI6QNZ, of Palo Alto.
Inderbitzen said that the exhibit will include equipment demonstrations, a basic radio station setup intended for beginners, home brew project displays, an emergency communications van, live amateur television demonstrations and ham radio and radio control planes, as well as a demonstration pairing APRS <http://www.aprs.net/> and model rocketry. Club representatives will be on hand to discuss public service opportunities and to assist newcomers with information for getting started in Amateur Radio. Teachers and students who attend the Maker Faire on May 29 will get to see ham radio educational demonstrations on the day before the official Faire opening.
Started in California in 2006, Maker Faire is held annually in San Mateo, California and Austin, Texas. Maker Faire is supported by Make Magazine, craftzine.com and O'Reilly Media. Additional details about ham radio at Maker Faire, including special event operating frequencies, are posted on the Foothills Amateur Radio Society's Web site <http://www.fars.k6ya.org/>.
For more information on the 2008 Maker Faire in Austin, Texas, check out this article by ARRL Contributing Editor H. Ward Silver, N0AX <http://www.arrl.org/news/features/2008/06/21/10175/>.
==>SOLAR UPDATE
Tad "The marvel of Earth and Sun" Cook, K7RA, this week reports: Sunspot numbers for May 21 through 27 were 0, 0, 13, 0, 0, 0 and 0, with a mean of 1.9. The 10.7 cm flux was 71.8, 72.1, 70.4, 69.2, 68.9, 68.1 and 66.7, with a mean of 69.6. The estimated planetary A indices were 5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 4 and 3 with a mean of 4. The estimated mid-latitude A indices were 2, 4, 3, 4, 1, 2 and 2 with a mean of 2.6. Conditions have been quiet, with many days showing zeros for the planetary K index. The US Air Force and NOAA predict a planetary A index of 5 until June 3-5 when it goes to 12, then 8 for the following two days. Solar flux is predicted at 68 until June 5, when it goes to 70, then 71 June 6, and 72 for June 7-14. Perhaps we will see sunspots return during this period. Geophysical Institute Prague has a slightly different view for geomagnetic activity, predicting quiet conditions for May 29 to June 1, quiet to unsettled June 2-3 and active on June 4. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the ARRL Technical Information Service Propagation page <http://www.arrl.org/tis/info/propagation.html>. To read this week's Solar Report in its entirety, check out the W1AW Propagation Bulletin page <http://www.arrl.org/w1aw/prop/>. This week's "Tad Cookism" brought to you by William Ernest Henley's "Between the Dusk of a Summer Night" <http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/between-the-dusk-of-a-summer-night/>.
==>IN BRIEF:
* This Week on the Radio: This week, the CQ WW WPX Contest (CW) and Kids Roundup are May 30-31. Look for the ARCI Hootowl Sprint on May 31 (local time). Next week, the SEANET Contest, IARU Region 1 Field Day and the Alabama QSO Party are all June 6-7. All dates, unless otherwise stated, are UTC. See the ARRL Contest Branch page <http://www.arrl.org/contests/>, the ARRL Contest Update <http://www.arrl.org/contests/update/> and the WA7BNM Contest Calendar <http://www.hornucopia.com/contestcal/index.html> for more info. Looking for a Special Event station? Be sure to check out the ARRL Special Event Station Web page <http://www.arrl.org/contests/spev.html>.
* ARRL Continuing Education Course Registration: Registration remains open through Sunday, June 7, 2009 for these online course sessions that begin on Friday, June 19, 2009: Antenna Modeling and Radio Frequency Propagation. Each online course has been developed in segments -- learning units with objectives, informative text, student activities and quizzes. Courses are interactive, and some include direct communications with a Mentor/Instructor. Students register for a particular session that may be 8, 12 or 16 weeks (depending on the course) and they may access the course at any time of day during the course period, completing lessons and activities at times convenient for their personal schedule. Mentors assist students by answering questions, reviewing assignments and activities, as well as providing helpful feedback. Interaction with mentors is conducted through e-mail; there is no appointed time the student must be present -- allowing complete flexibility for the student to work when and where it is convenient. To learn more, visit the CCE Course Listing page <http://www.arrl.org/cep/student> or contact the Continuing Education Program Coordinator <cce@arrl.org>;.
* 2009 ARRL Photo Contest Ends Soon: There's still time -- but not much -- to enter your high-resolution digital image in the 2009 ARRL Photo Contest. Entries must be received by May 31 via e-mail <upfront@arrl.org>; (subject line: 2009 Photo Contest). Details appear on page 20 of the April 2009 issue of QST.
* ARRL DXCC Desk Approves Saudi Operation: ARRL DXCC Manager Bill Moore, NC1L, reports that the current 7Z1CQ operation in Saudi Arabia has been approved for DXCC credit. "If you had cards that were recently rejected for this operation, please send an e-mail <dxcc@arrl.org>; to the ARRL DXCC Desk and you will be placed on the list for update," Moore said.
The ARRL Letter is published Fridays, 50 times each year, by the American Radio Relay League: ARRL--the national association for Amateur Radio, 225 Main St, Newington, CT 06111; tel 860-594-0200; fax 860-594-0259; <http://www.arrl.org/>. Joel Harrison, W5ZN, President.
The ARRL Letter offers a weekly e-mail digest of essential and general news of interest to active radio amateurs. Visit the ARRL Web site <http://www.arrl.org/> for the latest Amateur Radio news and news updates. The ARRL Web site <http://www.arrl.org/> also offers informative features and columns. ARRL Audio News <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/audio/> is a weekly "ham radio newscast" compiled and edited from The ARRL Letter. It's also available as a podcast from our Web site.
Material from The ARRL Letter may be republished or reproduced in whole or in part in any form without additional permission. Credit must be given to The ARRL Letter/American Radio Relay League.
==>Delivery problems (ARRL member direct delivery only!): letter-dlvy@arrl.org
==>Editorial questions or comments: S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA, k1sfa@arrl.org
==>ARRL News on the Web: <http://www.arrl.org/>
==>ARRL Audio News: <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/audio/> or call 860-594-0384
==>How to Get The ARRL Letter
The ARRL Letter is available to ARRL members free of charge directly from ARRL HQ. To subscribe, unsubscribe or change your address for e-mail delivery:
ARRL members first must register on the Members Only Web Site <http://www.arrl.org/members/>. You'll have an opportunity during registration to sign up for e-mail delivery of The ARRL Letter, W1AW bulletins, and other material. To change these selections--including delivery of The ARRL Letter--registered members should click on the "Member Data Page" link (in the Members Only box). Click on "Modify membership data," check or uncheck the appropriate boxes and/or change your e-mail address if necessary. (Check "Temporarily disable all automatically sent email" to temporarily stop all e-mail deliveries.) Then, click on "Submit modification" to make selections effective. (NOTE: HQ staff members cannot change your e-mail delivery address. You must do this yourself via the Members Only Web Site.)
The ARRL Letter also is available to all, free of charge, from these sources:
* ARRLWeb <http://www.arrl.org/arrlletter/>. (NOTE: The ARRL Letter will be posted each Friday when it is distributed via e-mail.)
* The QTH.net listserver, thanks to volunteers from the Boston Amateur Radio Club: Visit Mailing Lists@QTH.Net <http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/letter-list>. (NOTE: The ARRL cannot assist subscribers who receive The ARRL Letter via this listserver.)
Copyright 2009 American Radio Relay League, Inc.


text:
Q: Why does a div take the dimensions of a floated element? I don't understand why the div#footer only recognizes the space taken by div#navigation{float:right}.
Since float elements are taken out of the normal flow, div#footer should ignore both float:right and float:left elements.
I am not trying to add clear:both to div#footer. I am just curious how it happened.

body {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background: #ccc;
}
#container {
    width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
#header {
    padding: 30px;
    background: #bbb;
}
#content {
    float: left;
    width: 460px;
    background: #fff;
}
#navigation {
    float: right;
    width: 140px;
    height: 200px;
    background: #eee;
}
#footer {
    background: #aaa;
    padding: 10px;
}
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
        <title>CSS Floats 101</title>

Header

                    Proin vel ante a orci tempus eleifend ut et magna. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Vivamus luctus urna sed urna ultricies ac tempor dui sagittis. In condimentum facilisis porta. Sed nec diam eu diam mattis viverra. Nulla fringilla, orci ac euismod semper, magna diam porttitor mauris, quis sollicitudin sapien justo in libero. Vestibulum mollis mauris enim. Morbi euismod magna ac lorem rutrum elementum. Donec viverra auctor lobortis. Pellentesque eu est a nulla placerat dignissim. Morbi a enim in magna semper bibendum.

                navigation

                Footer

I dont understand why the div#footer only recognizes the space taken by div#navigation{float:right}.
Since float elements are taken out of the normal flow, div#footer should ignore both float:right and float:left elements.

A: When elements are floated, they are removed from the normal flow of the document. To understand it completely, that means you need to think about elements being placed in the normal flow, first, and then you can think about removing them with the float property.
Because the #navigation and #content elements are both floated, they are removed from the normal document flow. This moves the #footer element up to the top of the #container element. It's effectively positioned 'underneath' the two floated elements now.
The reason you're seeing the "footer" text still is that all un-cleared text wraps around floated elements (remember, float was designed to be used for wrapping article text around embedded images, like in a magazine article). In this case, the full width of the text's container is filled from side-to-side with floated elements, so the text is pushed to a new line.
It's hard to intuit from your example, so take a look with this one:

body {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background: #ccc;
}
#container {
    width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}
#header {
    padding: 30px;
    background: #bbb;
}
#content {
    float: left;
    width: 460px;
    height: 190px;
    background: #fff;
}
#navigation {
    float: right;
    width: 140px;
    height: 220px;
    background: #eee;
}
#footer {
    background: #aaa;
}
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
        <title>CSS Floats 101</title>

Header

                Content

                navigation

                Curabitur feugiat feugiat purus. Aenean eu metus. Nulla facilisi. Veni quis justo vel massa suscipit sagittis. Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos. Quisque mollis, justo vel rhoncus aliquam, urna tortor varius lacus, ut tincidunt metus arcu vel lorem.

As you can see, the text still wraps around the bottom of the #navigation element, too.

A: If you want to avoid floats, go for inline-block. Just make sure to avoid white-space in your html as it takes white-space in browser.
Also use font-size:0 to parent element and give required font-size to it's child element.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A grand home is haunted with phantom partygoers, a Ouija Board story, and many other strange tales on this week's Campfire!
quip starts at just $25 and if you go to getquip.com/campfire right now, you get your first refill pack for FREE with a quip electric toothbrush.
Was Dorothy Kilgallen murdered to prevent her from exposing the truth about the JFK assassination? Author Mark Shaw says yes and he returns to share the latest updates in his efforts to crack the case.


Oh, Christmas season. It is upon us in full force and before we know it (just over one week!) it will be Christmas. With all the hustle and bustle of the season, it can be easy to get run down and thus pick up germs and nasty winter bugs more easily. And since no one wants to be sick at Christmas, it's important we try to stay as healthy as possible.
Last winter in mid-December, my immune system was lowered due to being pregnant and I ended up catching my son's flu bug. It had me bed-ridden for days and ended up turning into a bad sinus infection as well as bronchitis. It was not fun! Needless to say, Christmas was pretty quiet last year. This year, we've had a bug running through our home, but I'm determined for all of us to be healthy and happy by the time Christmas arrives. And since winter can tend to be cold and gray, my hope is for us to all get outside together as a family for fun activities as much as we can. Whether it's a winter hike, skating, or even just playing in the snow, being outside and getting that fresh air is so important.
Here are our 5 best tips for avoiding all the germs that come around over the winter season. Or at the very least, these tips will help decrease the length of any cold or flu bug you do catch.
Drink lots of water. Although it can some times be a pain to do, this point is often overlooked. The simple act of drinking water can help rid our body of toxins and flush anything bad out.
Take Vitamin C. Daily. Make sure you're taking your daily vitamin C to help ward off the germs and keep your body healthy.
Stock up on Vitamin D. Many of us don't get enough sun in the winter and even if we do, those of us in the northern hemisphere aren't close enough to the sun to get adequate amounts of vitamin D. This essential vitamin will help boost our immune system and give us a better chance at staying healthy.
Exercise. It's amazing what physical activity does for our bodies, getting things moving and keeping us healthy. Try to get moving every day, even if it's a brief walk or a short yoga session.
Get Outside. I know, this can be tricky when it's freezing outside, but fresh air is so, so good for us, even if it's bitterly cold. Take a brisk walk to warm up your body temperature or invest in a winter hobby like skiing or snowshoeing. Play outside with the kids – build a snowman, go tobogganing, and have fun while being outside.
How do you stay healthy during the winter?
They are all great tips you have posted to help us stay healthy and bug free over the winter,i hope you all stay welll over the holidays and enjoy the blessings you have.
Good to see I am doing all of those tips!
my family definitely needs to drink more water but more important get outside more.
Easy, simple and common sense tips… Also washing your hands or sanitizing them after touching public surfaces.
thank you for the tips, I hate when my kids get sick!!
I really like your very sensible tips for staying healthy over the winter. I try to exercise nearly every day and eat healthy most of the time. I have been neglectful of my vitamin C this past winter so I am happy to be reminded to take it. I do eat lots of fruits and vegetables. I am a fairly healthy person,except for sinus episodes.


This is a massive catalog of every (or very nearly every, over 2,800 entries) Brad Foster appearance in print up until January 1, 2000. Sections include: Main Listing of Titles (A-Z), Jabberwocky Graphix Publications, Summary of Titles (sorted by date), Summary of Titles (sorted by editor) and Summary of Titles (non-US, sorted by country). There are also 70+ pages of Foster artwork.
Each entry in the main section includes title, issue, date, page count, dimensions, format, publisher, print run and other notes.
Compiled, edited and published by longtime mini-comics/fandom participant Steven Ogden.
Signed/numbered edition of 70 (including 67 comb-bound copies and 3 unbound).
New Spotted Zebra Press #10.


There is a tradition in Vietnam, where if a person is killed in a war, and his body isn't buried properly, his soul will never truly be at rest. This is a conversation, between a daughter, and her deceased father, that takes place as she searches for him, in order to bring not only him, but her family peace as well.
The news and information does not stop on the weekend so why should you? Join me for this weeks episode of the weekend rundown, all the information the Media tried to slide by you rediscovered by me, buckle up because it's a wild ride on this weeks, weekend rundown. Wrapping up Mccain in a cocoon while they resurrect Obama in this weeks weekend rundown.
This is not an attempt to mock John McCain. Only to poke fun at the absurd use of his corpse.
Steven Crowder and friends enjoy many laughs at a growing Chinese funeral trend: strippers!
One of Brian Young's videos from his youtube channel High impact vlogs. Enjoy!!!!
One of Brain Young's videos from his channel High impact vlogs. Enjoy!!


text:
The purpose of the Convention is to abolish the requirement of legalisation and to facilitate the use of public documents abroad by introducing a simplified authentication process, the Convention facilitates the use of public documents abroad thus promoting international trade and investment. An international treaty developed and adopted by the Hague Conference. The full title of the Convention is the Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents. The final text of the Convention was adopted by the Hague Conference at its Ninth Session on 26 October 1960 and was first signed on 5 October 1961 (hence the date in its full title). In accordance with its Article 11(1), the Convention entered into force on 21 January 1965, 60 days after the deposit of the third instrument of ratification. The Hague Conference has adopted many other international treaties (known as the Hague Conventions).
The Apostille Convention is the most widely ratified and acceded to of all the Conventions adopted under the auspices of the Hague Conference (known as the "Hague Conventions"). It is in force in over 100 States from all major regions representing all major legal systems of the world, making it one of the most successful international treaties in the area of international legal and administrative co-operation.
Legal Definition of and history of the word Apostille
Origin of the Word Apostille - Hague Apostille Convention
The word "Apostille" (pronounced a-pos-TEE, not a-pos-TEAL or a-pos-TILL-ee) is of French origin. It comes from the French verb "apostiller", which derives from the old French wordpostille meaning"annotation", and before it the Latin wordpostilla, a variation of the word postea, which means "thereafter, afterwards, next" (Le Nouveau Petit Robert: Dictionnaire alphabétique et analogique de la langue française, Paris, 2004). Usage of the words "Apostille" and "apostiller" dates back to the end of the 16th century in France.
Thus, an Apostille consisted of an annotation in the margin of a document or at the end of a letter.
During the negotiations on the Hague Apostille Convention, the term "Apostille" was preferred because of its novelty. According to the reporter: "Following a discussion on terminology [in the French language], the word Apostille have been preferred because of its appealing novelty." The meanings of the word Apostille described above are still valid today.
Dictionary Meaning
1 archaic : a marginal note
2 : a document used in international law that is issued by a government in accordance with the Hague Convention and that certifies that another document has been signed by a notary public.
History and Etymology for apostille. Middle French, from apostiller to add notes, ultimately from Medieval Latin postilla note, probably from post illa (verba textus) after those (words of the text)
What does a South-African Issued Apostille look like?
While an Apostille should conform as closely as possible to the Model Certificate, in practice Apostilles issued by different Competent Authorities vary. These variations may be in design, size and colour as well as in any additional elements mentioned outside the box that holds the 10 numbered standard informational items. Such variations in appearance are not a basis for refusal of an Apostille by the intended recipient! Hereunder a sample of an South-African Apostille.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Take on the 5km or 10km course around the Sydney Adventist Hospital and streets of Wahroonga and join your family and friends supporting all those affected by cancer.
Funds raised will benefit San Cancer Services which supports the full range of emotional needs for cancer patients and their loved ones throughout their journey.
San Cancer Services provide support and information groups; therapy and exercise classes; education; counselling; massages and transport – all at no charge – for anyone in the community who is affected by cancer.
Your support can help us continue to provide these essential services.


text:
style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;"|Template:Taxobox name
An adult hermaphrodite C. elegans worm
style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;" | Scientific classification
Phylum: Nematoda
Class: Secernentea
Order: Rhabditida
Family: Rhabditidae
Genus: Caenorhabditis
Species: C. elegans
Maupas, 1900
3 Laboratory uses
4 Genome
5 Evolution
6 Scientific community
11 Online resources
12 Nobel lectures
Caenorhabditis elegans (Template:PronEng) is a free-living nematode (roundworm), about 1 mm in length, which lives in temperate soil environments. Research into the molecular and developmental biology of C. elegans was begun in 1974 by Sydney Brenner and it has since been used extensively as a model organism.[1]
File:CrawlingCelegans.gif
Movement of Wild-type C. elegans
C. elegans is unsegmented, vermiform, bilaterally symmetrical, with a cuticle integument, four main epidermal cords and a fluid-filled pseudocoelomate cavity. Members of the species have many of the same organ systems as other animals. In the wild, they feed on bacteria that develop on decaying vegetable matter. Individuals of C. elegans are almost all hermaphrodite, with males comprising just 0.05% of the total population on average. The basic anatomy of C. elegans includes a mouth, pharynx, intestine, gonad, and collagenous cuticle. Males have a single-lobed gonad, vas deferens, and a tail specialized for mating. Hermaphrodites have two ovaries, oviducts, spermatheca, and a single uterus.
C. elegans eggs are laid by the hermaphrodite. After hatching, they pass through four larval stages (L1-L4). When crowded or in the absence of food, C. elegans can enter an alternative third larval stage called the dauer state. Dauer larvae are stress-resistant and do not age. Hermaphrodites produce all their sperm in the L4 stage (150 sperm per gonadal arm) and then switch over to producing oocytes. The sperm are stored in the same area of the gonad as the oocytes until the first oocyte pushes the sperm into the spermatheca (a kind of chamber where the oocytes become fertilized by the sperm).[2] The male can inseminate the hermaphrodite, which will use male sperm preferentially (both types of sperm are stored in the spermatheca). When self-inseminated the wild-type worm will lay approximately 300 eggs. When inseminated by a male, the number of progeny can exceed 1,000. At 20°C, the laboratory strain of C. elegans has an average life span of approximately 2–3 weeks and a generation time of approximately 4 days. Hermaphrodites can mate with males or self-fertilize.
C. elegans has five pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. Sex in C. elegans is based on an X0 sex-determination system. Hermaphrodite C. elegans have a matched pair of sex chromosomes (XX); the rare males have only one sex chromosome (X0).
File:C elegans anatomy.png
Longitudinal section through the hermaphrodite C. elegans.
Laboratory uses
C. elegans is studied as a model organism for a variety of reasons. Strains are cheap to breed and can be frozen. When subsequently thawed they remain viable, allowing long-term storage. Because the complete cell lineage of the species has been determined, C. elegans has proven especially useful for studying cellular differentiation.
From a research perspective, C. elegans has the advantage of being a multicellular eukaryotic organism that is simple enough to be studied in great detail. The developmental fate of every single somatic cell (959 in the adult hermaphrodite; 1031 in the adult male) has been mapped out. These patterns of cell lineage are largely invariant between individuals, in contrast to mammals where cell development from the embryo is more largely dependent on cellular cues. In both sexes, a large number of additional cells (131 in the hermaphrodite, most of which would otherwise become neurons), are eliminated by programmed cell death (apoptosis).
File:C elegans stained.jpg
Wild-type C. elegans hermaphrodite stained to highlight the nuclei of all cells
In addition, C. elegans is one of the simplest organisms with a nervous system. In the hermaphrodite, this comprises 302 neurons whose pattern of connectivity has been completely mapped out, and shown to be a small-world network.[3] Research has explored the neural mechanisms responsible for several of the more interesting behaviors shown by C. elegans, including chemotaxis, thermotaxis, mechanotransduction, and male mating behavior. Unusually, the neurons fire no action potentials.
A useful feature of C. elegans is that it is relatively straightforward to disrupt the function of specific genes by RNA interference (RNAi). Silencing the function of a gene in this way can sometimes allow a researcher to infer what the function of that gene may be. The nematode can either be soaked in (or injected with) a solution of double stranded RNA, the sequence of which is complementary to the sequence of the gene that the researcher wishes to disable. Alternatively, worms can be fed on genetically transformed bacteria which express the double stranded RNA of interest.
C. elegans has also been useful in the study of meiosis. As sperm and egg nuclei move down the length of the gonad, they undergo a temporal progression through meiotic events. This progression means that every nucleus at a given position in the gonad will be at roughly the same step in meiosis, eliminating the difficulties of heterogeneous populations of cells.
The organism has also been identified as a model for nicotine dependence as it has been found to experience the same symptoms humans experience when they quit smoking.[4]
As for most model organisms, there is a dedicated online database for the species that is actively curated by scientists working in this field. The WormBase database attempts to collate all published information on C. elegans and other related nematodes. A reward of $5000 has been advertised on their website, for the finder of a new species of closely related nematode.[5] Such a discovery would broaden research opportunities with the worm.[6]
C. elegans was the first multicellular organism to have its genome completely sequenced. The finished genome sequence was published in 1998,[7] although a number of small gaps were present (the last gap was finished by October 2002). The C. elegans genome sequence is approximately 100 million base pairs long and contains approximately 20,000 genes. The vast majority of these genes encode for proteins but there are likely to be as many as 1,000 RNA genes. Scientific curators continue to appraise the set of known genes, such that new gene predictions continue to be added and incorrect ones modified or removed.
In 2003, the genome sequence of the related nematode C. briggsae was also determined, allowing researchers to study the comparative genomics of these two organisms.[8] Work is now ongoing to determine the genome sequences of more nematodes from the same genus such as C. remanei,[9] C. japonica[10] and C. brenneri.[11] These newer genome sequences are being determined by using the whole genome shotgun technique which means that the resulting genome sequences are likely to not be as complete or accurate as C. elegans (which was sequenced using the 'hierarchical' or clone-by-clone appoach).
The official version of the C. elegans genome sequence continues to change as and when new evidence reveals errors in the original sequencing (DNA sequencing is not an error free process). Most changes are usually minor, adding or removing only a few base pairs (bp) of DNA. E.g. the WS169 release of WormBase (December 2006) lists a net gain of 6 bp to the genome sequence.[12] Occasionally more extensive changes are made, e.g. the WS159 release of May 2006 added over 300 bp to the sequence.[13]
It has been shown that a small number of conserved protein sequences from sponges are more similar to humans than to C. elegans.[14] This suggests that there has been an accelerated rate of evolution in the C. elegans lineage. The same study found that several phylogenetically ancient genes are not present in C. elegans.
Scientific community
In 2002, the Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded to Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz and John Sulston for their work on the genetics of organ development and programmed cell death (PCD) in C. elegans. The 2006 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Andrew Fire and Craig C. Mello, for their discovery of RNA interference in C. elegans.[15]
Because all research into C. elegans essentially started with Sydney Brenner in the 1970's, many scientists working in this field share a close connection to Brenner (they either worked as a post-doctoral or post-graduate researcher in Brenner's lab or in the lab of someone who previously worked with Brenner). Because most people who worked in his lab went on to establish their own worm research labs, there is now a fairly well documented 'lineage' of C. elegans scientists. This lineage was recorded in some detail at the 2003 International Worm Meeting and the results were stored in the Wormbase database.
C. elegans made news when it was discovered that specimens had survived the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster in February 2003.[16]
Animal testing on invertebrates
↑ Brenner, S. (1974). "The Genetics of Caenorhabditis elegans" (PDF). Genetics. 77: 71–94. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)
↑ Nayak, S., J. Goree & T. Schedl (2004). "fog-2 and the Evolution of Self-Fertile Hermaphroditism in Caenorhabditis". PLoS Biology. 3 (1): e6. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030006. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
↑ Watts D. J. & S. H. Strogatz (1998). "Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks". Nature. 393 (6684): 440–442. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)
↑ Feng; et al. (2006). "A C. elegans Model of Nicotine-Dependent Behavior: Regulation by TRP-Family Channels". Cell. 127: 621–633. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
↑ "Caenorhabditis isolation guide". WormBase. Retrieved 2007-08-30.
↑ "Slime for a dime". Science. 317 (5842): 1157. 2007. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ The C. elegans Sequencing Consortium (1998). "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating biology". Science. 282: 2012–2018. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)
↑ Stein, L. D.; et al. (2003). "The Genome Sequence of Caenorhabditis briggsae: A Platform for Comparative Genomics". PLoS Biology. 1: 166–192. Unknown parameter |quotes= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
↑ genome.wustl.edu
↑ "WormBaseWiki WS169 release notes". Wormbase. Retrieved 2007-02-21.
↑ Gamulin, V (December 2000). "Sponge proteins are more similar to those of Homo sapiens than to Caenorhabditis elegans". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Academic Press. 71 (4): 821–828.
↑ A. Fire, S.Q. Xu, M.K. Montgomery, S.A. Kostas, S. E. Driver, C.C. Mello: Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. In: Nature. 391/1998, S. 806-811, Template:ISSN
↑ "Worms survived Columbia disaster". BBC News. 2003-05-01. Check date values in: |date= (help)
Bird, A. F & J. Bird (1991). The Structure of Nematodes. Academic Press, Inc., San Diego. pp. pp 1, 69–70, 152–153, 165, 224–225. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Gamulin, Vera; Müller, Isabel M. & Müller, Werner E. G. (2000): Sponge proteins are more similar to those of Homo sapiens than to Caenorhabditis elegans. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 71(4): 821–828. HTML abstract
Hope, I. A. (1999). C. elegans: A practical approach. Oxford University Press, New York. pp. pp 1–6. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Riddle, D.L., T. Blumenthal, R. J. Meyer & J. R. Priess (1997). C. elegans II. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York. pp. pp 1-4, 679–683. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
WormBase - an extensive online database covering the biology and genomics of C. elegans and other nematodes
WormBook - a free online compendium of all aspects of C. elegans biology, including laboratory protocols
Wormatlas - an online database for behavioral and structural anatomy of C. elegans
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute C. elegans page - half of the genome sequence is still maintained by this institute
WashU Genome Sequencing Center C. elegans page - the institute maintaining the other half of the genome
AceView WormGenes - another genome database for C. elegans, maintained at the NCBI
TCNJ Worm Lab - Easy to follow protocols and pictures for C. elegans research. Made by undergrads for undergrads.
Worm Classroom - An education portal for C. elegans
Textpresso - WormBase search engine
C. elegans movies - Timelapse films made by C. elegans researchers worldwide
C. elegans II - a free online textbook.
Silencing Genomes RNA interference (RNAi) experiments and bioinformatics in C. elegans for education. From the Dolan DNA Learning Center of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
C.elegans 3D model by the Ewbank Lab - Videos and photos that explain the basic anatomy of C. elegans
WormTracker
Nobel lectures
Brenner S (2002) Nature's Gift to Science. In. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2002/brenner-lecture.pdf
Horvitz HR (2002) Worms, Life and Death. In. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2002/horvitz-lecture.pdf
Sulston JE (2002) The Cell Lineage and Beyond. In. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2002/sulston-lecture.pdf
Nematodes With a Craving for Nicotine
Template:Model Organisms
ca:Caenorhabditis elegans cs:Háďátko obecné de:Caenorhabditis elegans et:Varbuss it:Caenorhabditis elegans he:Caenorhabditis elegans nl:Caenorhabditis elegans no:Caenorhabditis elegans simple:Caenorhabditis elegans sv:Caenorhabditis elegans uk:Caenorhabditis elegans Template:WH Template:WS
Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Caenorhabditis_elegans&oldid=670492"
This page was last edited 23:21, 8 August 2012 by wikidoc user WikiBot.


Logistitrade | MAAN Softwares INC.
Logististrade is fully neutral. We operate and communicate on a confidential basis and are not influenced by any single member. Logistitrade will help you to answer all these questions, get a clear understanding of the costs. Logistitrade specializes in conducting transport and logistics Request For Quotations (RFQ) on your behalf to propose cost-saving solutions for your industry (upstream and downstream). A clear scope of what kind of logistics services you want is crucial to success, to avoid misunderstanding and discussions throughout the purchasing and service delivery. Using Logististrade experience, network, and services, Logististrade will allow you to perform a full structured RFQ process.
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text:
Congress leader Milind Deora supports 'one nation, one poll', says bold ideas rarely get bipartisan support
Last Updated: Wednesday, 19 June 2019 07:28 PM
Milind Deora, president of the Mumbai committee of Indian National Congress (INC), has extended support to Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ambitious "one nation, one election" proposal saying bold ideas rarely get bipartisan support in India.
Terming it his personal opinion, Deora said lack of bipartisanship is hurting India's prospects and preventing it from freeing itself from the clutches of archaic precedents and systems.
"India's 70-year electoral journey has taught us that the Indian voter can differentiate between state and central polls. Our democracy is neither fragile nor immature and debate of one nation-one poll calls for an open mind on either side of spectrum," Milind Deora said in a Twitter statement.
Deora, who recently lost Lok Sabha Elections, said that being in continuous election mode is a roadblock to good governance.
"As a former Member of Parliament and someone who has contested four elections, I believe that being in continuous election mode is a roadblock to good governance, distress politicians from addressing real issues and adds populism to the character of governance which is not necessarily a long-term solution to some of the gravest problems Indians face," the statement issued by him reads.
The remarks come on a day when the Congress party skipped the PM Modi's meet to discuss the 'one nation, one election' proposal. Besides the Congress, leaders of many other opposition parties are also likely to skipped the meeting called by the prime minister.
Among the notable absentees were Congress president Rahul Gandhi, West Bengal Chief Minister and TMC leader Mamata Banerjee, BSP supremo Mayawati, SP president Akhilesh Yadav, DMK's M K Stalin, TDP chief K Chandrashekhar Rao, Shiv Sena chief Uddhav Thackeray and Delhi Chief Minister and Aam Admi Party convenor Arvind Kejriwal.
NCP leader Sharad Pawar, CPI-M's Sitaram Yechury, CPI's D Raja, Bihar Chief Minister and JD (U) leader Nitish Kumar, SAD leader Sukhbir Singh Badal, Odisha Chief Minister and BJD leader Naveen Patnaik and National People's Party leader Conard Sangma were among those who attended the meeting at the Parliament House library building.
The government think-tank, NITI Aayog, had last year suggested synchronised two-phase Lok Sabha and Assembly polls from 2024 to ensure minimum campaign-mode disruption to governance.
Wednesday, June 19, 2019 06:34 PM


Is heavily involved in Sports Commentary. Actively involved with youth work in the western suburbs of Sydney.
Has own website, you can pay him a visit and leave a message for MG.
The league tried to play down the incident but still used it to promote future State of Origins.....talk about double standards.
Mark Geyer Picture Gallery - click on thumbs to commence slide show.
.Capturing Some Of Wally's Origin Highlights.


text:
Q: Drag and drop objects simultaneously I face a problem... and am looking for a solution or an idea. I want to drag drop several objects (markers,polylines,...) simultaneously, but I do not know if this is possible ...
Does anyone have an idea ?
Thanks in advance !
Regards,
Sebastien

Thanks Nils !!!
You give me the good way !
Here you have how i've made it possible :
google.maps.event.addListener(window["Overlay" + i] , 'click', function(event) {
var path = this.getPath();
google.maps.event.addListener(path, 'set_at', function(indEdited,newLatLng){
        var oo = this.getAt(indEdited);
        diffLat = (newLatLng.lat() - oo.lat());
        diffLng = (newLatLng.lng() - oo.lng());
        moveOverlay(this,indEdited,diffLat,diffLng);
       var temp = "Do you want to me the others overlays ?"
        if (fromPath == lastPath )
        {
            if ( confirm(temp) ){
                moveOthersOverlays(diffLat,diffLng);
            }
        }
    });
});

A: The problem is that it's only markers that you can drag n' drop, so you must design the functionality with this in mind.
First we need to now the starting position, this is done with the dragstart event. Please not that you have to do this on all your markers.
var startLatLng;
google.maps.event.addListener(marker, 'dragstart', function(){
  marker.getPosition()
});

You will utilize the function the drag event, and loop over all objects. I will utilize pseudo code here, let me know if it's something that is unclear. The assumption is that you save your markers in an array
google.maps.event.addListener(dragmarker, 'drag', function(){
   end = dragmarker.getPosition();
   for (marker in markers){
      // Don't care about marker being dragged
      if (dragmarker == marker)
          continue;
      current = marker.getPossition();
      // Bellow we create a new position for the marker by calculating the difference
      // and add it to the current possition of the marker
      marker.setPosition(new google.maps.LatLng(
                    current.lat() + (end.lat() - start.lat()),
                    current.lng() + (end.lng() + start.lng()));
   }

   // Same same for the polylines but you will have to loop over the path
});

Please note that this will be really slow if there are alot of objects that you are moving around. But this works great for me when moving a couple of markers and a small polyline. Also, please note that the code is a bit crude, I just wanted to show how it's done. In my solution I'm storing my markers and polylines in objects that will update them self.
You can check out my code at this github repo


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text:
NewsVictorian News
Youth suicide funding announced
Andie Noonan — November 25, 2011
The Baillieu Government has today announced the recipients of a $4 million funding grant promised to tackle suicide and self harm among LGBTI youth.
Seven community organisations from around the state will receive funding, including the WayOut Project, Safe Schools Coalition Victoria (SSCV), the Rainbow Network, Minus18, the Zoe Belle Gender Centre, Gay and Lesbian Health Victoria (GLHV) and the Youth Affairs Council of Victoria.
Mental Health Minister Mary Wooldridge said the funding aims to support LGBTI youth in both regional and metropolitan areas and help boost existing services currently dealing with the issues.
"The funding will support new initiatives, as well as enhance ongoing, well-evaluated programs that have a track record of working with GLBTI young people," Wooldridge said.
"Research suggests that GLBTI young people can be at higher risk of anxiety, depression, self harm and drug and alcohol misuse, as a result of discrimination and abuse.
"As a result, suicide attempt and self-harm rates among GLBTI communities are significantly higher than among non-GLBTI populations."
The WayOut Project, working in rural Victoria, will receive $1.48 million, SSCV will receive $416,000, Minus18 will be given a boost of $146,000, Rainbow Network will receive $348,000, Zoe Belle Gender Centre will receive $146,000, and GLHV and the Youth Affairs Council has been allocated $440,000.
As part of the funding, $220,000 will be set aside to evaluate the impacts of the initiative.
A further $762,000 will also be allocated to support grassroots LGBTI youth programs run in local communities. The funding will be coordinated by the Youth Affairs Council of Victoria and a number of small grant rounds will be available over the next three years.
"The GLBTI sector has been an active partner in the development of this framework and I look forward to working with them to improve mental health outcomes for GLBTI young people," Wooldridge said.
Prahan MP Clem Newton-Brown will appear on Melbourne LGBTI radio station JOY94.9 at noon to discuss the announcement.
Tags: Gay and Lesbian Health Victoriamental healthMinus18Safe Schools Coalition VictoriaWayOut Project
Next post Sydney and Melbourne scene listings
Previous post PM to honour Kylie
About the Author Andie Noonan
Elvis Martin: Advocate on Victoria's LGBT Taskforce
Jacqualine Hardy, January 8, 2022
Adrian Murdoch: Looking To The Next Generation Of LGBT Leaders
Joseph Misuraca, December 13, 2021
Gay Men Who Move To LGBT Friendly Countries Have Lower Risk Of Suicide, Study Finds
Emilio Lanera, November 19, 2021


text:
local ripple = {}

local ease = function (time, ftime)
	local p = time / ftime
	local e = -p * (p - 2)
	return e
end

local lg = love.graphics

ripple.fade = function (self)
	if self.type == "stencil" then
		return self:fade()
	end

	if self.active then
		self.ripples[#self.ripples + 1] = self.active

		self.active = nil
	end
end

ripple.start = function (self, mx, my, r, g, b, a)
	if self.type == "stencil" then
		return self:start(mx, my)
	end

	local c

	if r and g and b and a then
		c = {r, g, b, a}
	end

	if self.active then
		self:fade()
	end

	self.active = {
		r = 0,
		time = 0,
		x = mx,
		y = my,
		finished = false,
		fade = 0,
		ease = 0,
		color = c
	}
end

ripple.update = function (self, dt)
	if self.type == "stencil" then
		return self:update(dt)
	end

	if self.active and not self.active.finished then
		self.active.time = self.active.time + dt

		self.active.r = ease(self.active.time, self.ftime) * self.fr

		if self.active.time >= self.ftime then
			self.active.finished = true
		end
	end

	local _remove = {}

	for i=1, #self.ripples do
		if not self.ripples[i].finished then
			self.ripples[i].time = self.ripples[i].time + dt

			self.ripples[i].r = ease(self.ripples[i].time, self.ftime) * self.fr

			if self.ripples[i].time >= self.ftime then
				self.ripples[i].finished = true
			end
		end

		self.ripples[i].fade = self.ripples[i].fade + dt

		self.ripples[i].ease = ease(self.ripples[i].fade, self.ftime)

		if self.ripples[i].fade >= self.ftime then
			_remove[#_remove + 1] = i
		end
	end

	for i=1, #_remove do
		table.remove(self.ripples,_remove[i])
	end
end

ripple.draw = function (self,...)
	if self.type == "stencil" then
		return self:draw(...)
	end

	lg.stencil(self.custom)

lg.setStencilTest("greater",0)

	local _r,_g,_b,_a = lg.getColor()

	if self.active then
		local r, g, b, a

		if self.active.color then
			r, g, b, a = unpack(self.active.color)
		else
			r, g, b, a = _r, _g, _b, _a
		end

		lg.setColor(r, g, b, a)

		if finished then
			self.custom()
		else
			lg.circle("fill", self.active.x, self.active.y, self.active.r)
		end
	end

	for i=1, #self.ripples do
		local r, g, b, a

		if self.ripples[i].color then
			r, g, b, a = unpack(self.ripples[i].color)
		else
			r, g, b, a = _r, _g, _b, _a
		end

		lg.setColor(r, g, b, a - a * self.ripples[i].ease)

		if finished then
			self.custom()
		else
			lg.circle("fill", self.ripples[i].x, self.ripples[i].y, self.ripples[i].r)
		end
	end

	lg.setColor(_r, _g, _b, _a)
	lg.setStencilTest()
end

ripple.custom = function (custom, fr, time)
	local self = {}

	self.ftime = time or 1

	self.custom = custom

	self.fr = fr

	self.ripples = {}

	self.start = ripple.start
	self.fade = ripple.fade

	self.update = ripple.update
	self.draw = ripple.draw

	self.type = "custom"

	return self
end

ripple.box = function (x, y, w, h, time)
	local self = ripple.custom(function() end, 0, time)

	self.box = {x = x, y = y, w = w, h = h}

	self.custom = function ()
		lg.rectangle("fill", self.box.x, self.box.y, self.box.w, self.box.h)
	end

	self.fr = (self.box.w * self.box.w + self.box.h * self.box.h) ^ 0.5
	self.type = "box"

	return self
end

ripple.circle = function (x, y, ra, time)
	local self = ripple.custom(function() end, 0, time)

	self.circle = {x = x, y = y, r = ra}

	self.custom = function ()
		lg.circle("fill", self.circle.x, self.circle.y, self.circle.r)
	end

	self.fr = ra * 2
	self.type = "circle"

	return self
end

ripple.stencil = function (x, y, w, h, time)
	return {
		type = "stencil",
		x = x, y = y,
		w = w, h = h,
		ft = time or 1,

		update = function () end,

		draw = function (self, fun)
			if self.active then
				love.graphics.stencil(self.stencil)
 love.graphics.setStencilTest("greater",0)
				fun()
				love.graphics.setStencilTest()
			elseif self.finish then
				fun()
			end
		end,

		start = function (self, x, y, collapse)
			local xw,yh = x - self.x, y - self.y
			local w = math.max(self.w - (xw), xw)
			local h = math.max(self.h - (yh), yh)
			local ra = (h * h + w * w) ^ 0.5

			self.time = 0
			self.active = true
			self.finish = false

			self.update = function (self, dt)
				self.time = self.time + dt

				local r = ra * ease(self.time, self.ft)
				r = collapse and ra - r or r

				self.stencil = function ()
					love.graphics.circle("fill", x, y, r)
				end

				if self.ft < self.time then
					self.active = false
					self.finish = not collapse
					self.update = function () end
				end
			end
		end,

		fade = function (self)
			self:start(self.x + self.w/2, self.y + self.h/2, true)
		end,
	}
end

return ripple

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Stock market game is very powerful game which can get you a more money, or you can lose your cash if you are not careful. There are stabile stocks and not stabile stock, if you want to invest, you must be smart. Market is very important thing in this job. Game is difficult but it is cash well. Lets play a game.
Stock market game was developed to interest among the public in how to create wealth through the buying and selling of or shares. This is very user friendly and gives persons playing a quick appreciation on what happens on the market. This game is geared towards tertiary students to assist them in having a better appreciation of the Shares and to understand the basic process of buying and selling on the market.


OAMARU VETERINARIAN IVAN HOLLOWAY HAS BEEN APPOINTED TECHNICAL VET FOR VETERINARY PRODUCTS SUPPLIER AGILIS.
Holloway graduated from Massey University with a Degree in Agricultural Science in 1982.
After time on the family farm near Hunterville he returned to Massey in 1994 to undertake his veterinary degree.
He began work in Oamaru with North Otago Veterinary Services in 1998 where he stayed even- tually buying the practice and combining with South and Mid Canterbury Vet services to help form the current business which is Vetlife today.
Holloway has worked in most areas of clinical practice but has a strong background in sheep, beef and deer as well as dairy medicine.
His interests largely lie in cattle reproduction and fertility.
In addition Holloway is con- tracted as an initial investigating vet for Asure Quality which cul- minated in travelling to Nepal in 2014 with the Ministry of Primary Industries for real time, foot and mouth training which he regards as an experience of a life time.
Recreationally he enjoys hunt- ing and fishing and just being in the outdoors. His favourite time is spent relaxing with his wife Bronwyn and their four boys. Holloway sees the next stage of his career as technical vet with Agilis as exciting and stimulating and a challenge that will call on all his previous experience and more.
He is undertaking post graduate study in epidemiology to assist him in his role.
Agilis is a vet-owned company founded in 2014 to give vets greater control of the vet products supply chain.
It says its creation gives vets the ability to ensure quality products come to market, and influence the availability of new products.
Its range for the New Zealand market includes Hiprabovis, the only combined IBR and BVD vac- cine; Startvac, a unique vaccine for E. coli and S. sureus; Pink Ointment, the antibiotic teat cream and Eficur, a highly sy- ringeable ceftiofur.


text:
Q: Add RBAC to Azure Kubernetes ( AKS ) after the cluster has already been created I need to add RBAC to my AKS, but when I go to Azure portal it says that it's a creation operation and that it's not possible to update it afterwards.
Do I need to tear down the whole cluster and create a new one with RBAC enabled to make use of this feature?
It's an ongoing project in production, so for me it's not as simple as running terraform destroy and terraform apply unfortunately.
How would you suggest to do it, to make sure of minimum impact on availability and to have everything set up the same way as the previous cluster?

A: I tried to reproduce the same in my environment I got the results successfully like below:
It is possible to add RBAC enabled After creating a Kubernetes cluster:
In your Kubernetes cluster -> under setting, cluster configuration -> choose azure authentication with azure RBAC and save like below:

Then, make use of below cmd to add Azure RBAC for Kubernetes Authorization into an existing AKS cluster,
az aks update -g myResourceGroup -n myAKSCluster --enable-azure-rbac

Reference:
Manage Azure RBAC in Kubernetes From Azure - Azure Kubernetes Service | Microsoft Learn


The first two Renault UK Clio Cup practice sessions of 2019 kicked off Friday afternoon and every driver begun their fact finding as they tried to reach the limits of their cars around the short Brands Hatch Indy circuit.
First practice times were topped by Jack Young. Fresh from the back of winning the International Renault Clio Cup title at the end of last season, he headed the Team HARD duo of Max Coates and Ethan Hammerton. Coates still had plenty more in the tanks as the timing screens showed for the second session.
Fourth and fifth in first practice went to Jack Young's MRM Racing teammates Brett Lidsey and Ben Davis.
Max Coates was in ominous form for the second session as he was over three tenths quicker than his nearest rival Jack Young in second.
Ethan Hammerton kept up his continuity with another third fastest time ahead of Lidsey again in fourth and Ben Colburn in fifth who improved by four positions from the first session.
Immediately proving that he's a title contender in 2019 Coates commented, "We applied what we'd worked on during FP1 and I'm very proud of that lap.
The first qualifying of 2019 for the Renault UK Clio Cup takes place at 11:25 Saturday morning ahead of the first race at 16:25.