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Confessions of an English Opium Eater
by Thomas de Quincey
Picture of Thomas de Quincey
THE PLEASURES OF OPIUM
It is so long since I first took opium, that if it had been a trifling incident in my life, I might have forgotten its date: but cardinal events are not to be forgotten; and from circumstances connected with it, I remember that it must be referred to the autumn of 1804. During that season I was in London, having come thither for the first time since my entrance at college.
And my introduction to opium arose in the following way. From an early age I had been accustomed to wash my head in cold water at least once a day: being suddenly seized with toothache, I attributed it to some relaxation caused by an accidental intermission of that practice; jumped out of bed; plunged my head into a basin of cold water; and with hair thus wetted went to sleep.
The next morning, as I need hardly say, I awoke with excruciating rheumatic pains of the head and face, from which I had hardly any respite for about twenty days. On the twenty-first day, I think it was, and on a Sunday, that I went out into the streets; rather to run away, if possible, from my torments, than with any distinct purpose. By accident I met a college acquaintance who recommended opium. Opium! dread agent of unimaginable pleasure and pain! I had heard of it as I had of manna or of Ambrosia, but no further: how unmeaning a sound was it at that time! what solemn chords does it now strike upon my heart! what heart-quaking vibrations of sad and happy remembrances! Reverting for a moment to these, I feel a mystic importance attached to the minutest circumstances connected with the place and the time, and the man (if man he was) that first laid open to me the Paradise of Opium-eaters. It was a Sunday afternoon, wet and cheerless: and a duller spectacle this earth of ours has not to show than a rainy Sunday in London. My road homewards lay through Oxford-street; and near "the /stately/ Pantheon," (as Mr. Wordsworth has obligingly called it) I saw a druggist's shop. The druggist -- unconscious minister of celestial pleasures! -- as if in sympathy with the rainy Sunday, looked dull and stupid, just as any mortal druggist might be expected to look on a Sunday; and, when I asked for the tincture of opium, he gave it to me as any other man might do: and furthermore, out of my shilling, returned me what seemed to be real copper halfpence, taken out of a real wooden drawer. Nevertheless, in spite of such indications of humanity, he has ever since existed in my mind as the beatific vision of an immortal druggist, sent down to earth on a special mission to myself. And it confirms me in this way of considering him, that, when I next came up to London, I sought him near the stately Pantheon, and found him not: and thus to me, who knew not his name (if indeed he had one) he seemed rather to have vanished from Oxford-street than to have removed in any bodily fashion. The reader may choose to think of him as, possibly, no more than a sublunary druggist: it may be so: but my faith is better: I believe him to have evanesced,{1} or evaporated. So unwillingly would I connect any mortal remembrances with that hour, and place, and creature, that first brought me acquainted with the celestial drug.
Arrived at my lodgings, it may be supposed that I lost not a moment in taking the quantity prescribed. I was necessarily ignorant of the whole art and mystery of opium-taking: and, what I took, I took under every disadvantage. But I took it: -- and in an hour, oh! Heavens! what a revulsion! what an upheaving, from its lowest depths, of the inner spirit! what an apocalypse of the world within me! That my pains had vanished, was now a trifle in my eyes: -- this negative effect was swallowed up in the immensity of those positive effects which had opened before me -- in the abyss of divine enjoyment thus suddenly revealed. Here was a panacea - a [pharmakon nepenthez] for all human woes: here was the secret of happiness, about which philosophers had disputed for so many ages, at once discovered: happiness might now be bought for a penny, and carried in the waistcoat pocket: portable ecstasies might be had corked up in a pint bottle: and peace of mind could be sent down in gallons by the mail coach. But, if I talk in this way, the reader will think I am laughing: and I can assure him, that nobody will laugh long who deals much with opium: its pleasures even are of a grave and solemn complexion; and in his happiest state, the opium-eater cannot present himself in the character of /Il Allegro/: even then, he speaks and thinks as becomes /Il Penseroso/. Nevertheless, I have a very reprehensible way of jesting at times in the midst of my own misery: and, unless when I am checked by some more powerful feelings, I am afraid I shall be guilty of this indecent practice even in these annals of suffering or enjoyment. The reader must allow a little to my infirm nature in this respect: and with a few indulgences of that sort, I shall endeavour to be as grave, if not drowsy, as fits a theme like opium, so anti-mercurial as it really is, and so drowsy as it is falsely reputed.
And, first, one word with respect to its bodily effects: for upon all that has been hitherto written on the subject of opium, whether by travelers in Turkey (who may plead their privilege of lying as an old immemorial right), or by professors of medicine, writing /ex cathedra/, -- I have but one emphatic criticism to pronounce -- Lies! lies! lies! I remember once, in passing a book-stall, to have caught these words from a page of some satiric author: -- "By this time I became convinced that the London newspapers spoke truth at least twice a week, viz. on Tuesday and Saturday, and might safely be depended upon for -- the list of bankrupts." In like manner, I do by no means deny that some truths have been delivered to the world in regard to opium: thus it has been repeatedly affirmed by the learned, that opium is a dusky brown in colour; and this, take notice, I grant: secondly, that it is rather dear; which I also grant: for in my time, East-India opium has been three guineas a pound, and Turkey eight: and, thirdly, that if you eat a good deal of it, most probably you must -- do what is particularly disagreeable to any man of regular habits, viz. die.{2} These weighty propositions are, all and singular, true: I cannot gainsay them: and truth ever was, and will be, commendable. But in these three theorems, I believe we have exhausted the stock of knowledge as yet accumulated by man on the subject of opium. And therefore, worthy doctors, as there seems to be room for further discoveries, stand aside, and allow me to come forward and lecture on this matter.
First, then, it is not so much affirmed as taken for granted, by all who ever mention opium, formally or incidentally, that it does, or can, produce intoxication. Now reader, assure yourself, /meo periculo/, that no quantity of opium ever did, or could intoxicate. As to the tincture of opium (commonly called laudanum) /that/ might certainly intoxicate if a man could bear to take enough of it; but why? because it contains so much proof spirit, and not because it contains so much opium. But crude opium, I affirm peremptorily, is incapable of producing any state of body at all resembling that which is produced by alcohol; and not in /degree/ only incapable, but even in /kind/: it is not in the quantity of its effects merely, but in the quality, that it differs altogether. The pleasure given by wine is always mounting, and tending to a crisis, after which it declines: that from opium, when once generated, is stationary for eight or ten hours: the first, to borrow a technical distinction from medicine, is a case of acute - the second, of chronic pleasure: the one is a flame, the other a steady and equable glow. But the main distinction lies in this, that whereas wine disorders the mental faculties, opium, on the contrary (if taken in a proper manner), introduces amongst them the most exquisite order, legislation, and harmony. Wine robs a man of his self possession: opium greatly invigorates it. Wine unsettles and clouds the judgment, and gives a preternatural brightness, and a vivid exaltation to the contempts and the admirations, the loves and the hatreds, of the drinker: opium, on the contrary, communicates serenity and equipoise to all the faculties, active or passive: and with respect to the temper and moral feelings in general, it gives simply that sort of vital warmth which is approved by the judgment, and which would probably always accompany a bodily constitution of primeval or antediluvian health. Thus, for instance, opium, like wine, gives an expansion to the heart and the benevolent affections: but then, with this remarkable difference, that in the sudden development of kind-heartedness which accompanies inebriation, there is always more or less of a maudlin character, which exposes it to the contempt of the by-stander. Men shake hands, swear eternal friendship, and shed tears -- no mortal knows why: and the sensual creature is clearly uppermost. But the expansion of the benigner feelings, incident to opium, is no febrile access, but a healthy restoration to that state which the mind would naturally recover upon the removal of any deep- seated irritation of pain that had disturbed and quarrelled with the impulses of a heard originally just and good. True it is, that even wine, up to a certain point, and with certain men, rather tends to exalt and to steady the intellect: I myself, who have never been a great wine-drinker, used to find that half a dozen glasses of wine advantageously affected the faculties -- brightened and intensified the consciousness -- and gave to the mind a feeling of being "ponderibus librata suis:" and certainly it is most absurdly said, in popular language, of any man, that he is /disguised/ in liquor: for, on the contrary, most men are disguised by sobriety; and it is when they are drinking (as some old gentleman says in Athenaeus), that men [eantonz emfanixondin oitinez eidin]. -- display themselves in their true complexion of character; which surely is not disguising themselves. But still, wine constantly leads a man to the brink of absurdity and extravagance; and, beyond a certain point, it is sure to volatilize and to disperse the intellectual energies: whereas opium always seems to compose what had been agitated, and to concentrate what had been distracted. In short, to sum up all in one word, a man who is inebriated, or tending to inebriation, is, and feels that he is, in a condition which calls up into supremacy the merely human, too often the brutal, part of his nature: but the opium-eater (I speak of him who is not suffering from any disease, or other remote effects of opium) feels that the diviner part of his nature is paramount; that is, the moral affections are in a state of cloudless serenity; and over all is the great light of the majestic intellect.
This is the doctrine of the true church on the subject of opium: of which church I acknowledge myself to be the only member -- the alpha and the omega: but then it is to be recollected, that I speak from the ground of a large and profound personal experience: whereas most of the unscientific{3} authors who have at all treated of opium, and even of those who have written expressly on the materia medica, make it evident, from the horror they express of it, that their experimental knowledge of its action is none at all. I will, however, candidly acknowledge that I have met with one person who bore evidence to its intoxicating power, such as staggered my own incredulity: for he was a surgeon, and had himself taken opium largely. I happened to say to him, that his enemies (as I had heard) charged him with talking nonsense on politics, and that his friends apologized for him, by suggesting that he was constantly in a state of intoxication from opium. Now the accusation, said I, is not /prima facie/, and of necessity, an absurd one: but the defence /is/. To my surprise, however, he insisted that both his enemies and his friends were in the right: "I will maintain," said he, "that I /do/ talk nonsense; and secondly, I will maintain that I do not talk nonsense upon principle, or with any view to profit, but solely and simply, said he, solely and simply, -- solely and simply (repeating it three times over), because I am drunk with opium; and /that/ daily." I replied that, as to the allegation of his enemies, as it seemed to be established upon such respectable testimony, seeing that the three parties concerned all agreed in it, it did not become me to question it; but the defence set up I must demur to. He proceeded to discuss the matter, and to lay down his reasons: but it seemed to me so impolite to pursue an argument which must have presumed a man mistaken in a point belonging to his own profession, that I did not press him even when his course of argument seemed open to objection: not to mention that a man who talks nonsense, even though "with no view to profit," is not altogether the most agreeable partner in a dispute, whether as opponent or respondent. I confess, however, that the authority of a surgeon, and one who was reputed a good one, may seem a weighty one to my prejudice: but still I must plead my experience, which was greater than his greatest by 7000 drops a day; and, though it was not possible to suppose a medical man unacquainted with the characteristic symptoms of vinous intoxication, it yet struck me that he might proceed on a logical error of using the word intoxication with too great latitude, and extending it generically to all modes of nervous excitement, connected with certain diagnostics. Some people have maintained, in my hearing, that they had been drunk on green tea: and a medical student in London, for whose knowledge in his profession I have reason to feel great respect, assured me, the other day, that a patient, in recovering from an illness, had got drunk on a beef-steak.
Having dwelt so much on this first and leading error, in respect to opium, I shall notice very briefly a second and a third; which are, that the elevation of spirits produced by opium is necessarily followed by a proportionate depression, and that the natural and even immediate consequence of opium is torpor and stagnation, animal and mental. The first of these errors I shall content myself with simply denying; assuring my reader, that for ten years, during which I took opium at intervals, the day succeeding to that on which I allowed myself this luxury was always a day of unusually good spirits.
With respect to the torpor supposed to follow, or rather (if we were to credit the numerous pictures of Turkish opium-eaters) to accompany the practice of opium-eating, I deny that also. Certainly, opium is classed under the head of narcotics; and some such effect it may produce in the end: but the primary effects of opium are always, and in the highest degree, to excite and stimulate the system: this first stage of its action always lasted with me, during my novitiate, for upwards of eight hours; so that it must be the fault of the opium-eater himself if he does not so time his exhibition of the dose (to speak medically) as that the whole weight of its narcotic influence may descend upon his sleep. Turkish opium-eaters, it seems, are absurd enough to sit, like so many equestrian statues, on logs of wood as stupid as themselves. But that the reader may judge of the degree in which opium is likely to stupify the faculties of an Englishman, I shall (by way of treating the question illustratively, rather than argumentively) describe the way in which I myself often passed an opium evening in London, during the period between 1804-1812. It will be seen, that at least opium did not move me to seek solitude, and much less to seek inactivity, or the torpid state of self- involution ascribed to the Turks. I give this account at the risk of being pronounced a crazy enthusiast or visionary: but I regard /that/ little: I must desire my reader to bear in mind, that I was a hard student, and at severe studies for all the rest of my time: and certainly had a right occasionally to relaxations as well as the other people: these, however, I allowed myself but seldom.
The late Duke of Norfolk used to say, "Next Friday, by the blessing of Heaven, I purpose to be drunk:" and in like manner I used to fix beforehand how often, within a given time, and when, I would commit a debauch of opium. This was seldom more than once in three weeks: for at that time I could no have ventured to call every day (as I did afterwards) for "/a glass of laudanum negus, warm, and without sugar/." No: as I have said, I seldom drank laudanum, at that time, more than once in three weeks: this was usually on a Tuesday or a Saturday night; my reason for which was this. In those days Grassini sang at the Opera: and her voice was delightful to me beyond all that I had ever heard. I know not what may be the state of the Opera- house now, having never been within its walls for seven or eight years, but at that time it was by much the most pleasant place of public resort in London for passing an evening. Five shillings admitted one to the gallery, which was subject to far less annoyance than the pit of the theatres: the orchestra was distinguished by its sweet and melodious grandeur from all English orchestras, the composition of which, I confess, is not acceptable to my ear, from the predominance of the clangorous instruments, and the absolute tyranny of the violin. The choruses were divine to hear: and when Grassini appeared in some interlude, as she often did, and poured forth her passionate soul as Andromache, at the tomb of Hector, &c. I question whether any Turk, of all that ever entered the Paradise of opium-eaters, can have had half the pleasure I had. But, indeed, I honour the Barbarians too much by supposing them capable of any pleasures approaching to the intellectual ones of an Englishman. For music is an intellectual or a sensual pleasure, according to the temperament of him who hears it. And, by the bye, with the exception of the fine extravaganza on that subject in Twelfth Night, I do not recollect more than one thing said adequately on the subject of music in all literature: it is a passage in the /Religio Medici/{4} of Sir T. Brown; and, though chiefly remarkable for its sublimity, has also a philosophic value, inasmuch as it points to the true theory of musical effects. The mistake of most people is to suppose that it is by the ear they communicate with music, and, therefore, that they are purely passive to its effects. But this is not so: it is by the re-action of the mind upon the notices of the ear, (the /matter/ coming by the senses, the /form/ from the mind) that the pleasure is constructed: and therefore it is that people of equally good ear differ so much in this point from one another. Now opium, by greatly increasing the activity of the mind generally, increases, of necessity, that particular mode of its activity by which we are able to construct out of the raw material of organic sound an elaborate intellectual pleasure. But, says a friend, a succession of musical sounds is to me like a collection of Arabic characters:
I can attach no ideas to them. Ideas! my good sir? there is no occasion for them: all that class of ideas, which can be available in such a case, has a language of representative feelings. But this is a subject foreign to my present purposes: it is sufficient to say, that a chorus, &c. of elaborate harmony, displayed before me, as in a piece of arras work, the whole of my past life -- not, as if recalled by an act of memory, but as if present and incarnated in the music: no longer painful to dwell upon: but the detail of its incidents removed, or blended in some hazy abstraction; and its passions exalted, spiritualized, and sublimed. All this was to be had for five shillings. And over and above the music of the stage and the orchestra, I had all around me, in the intervals of the performance, the music of the Italian language talked by Italian women: for the gallery was usually crowded with Italians: and I listened with a pleasure such as that with which Weld the traveller lay and listened, in Canada, to the sweet laughter of Indian women; for the less you understand of a language, the more sensible you are to the melody or harshness of its sounds: for such a purpose, therefore, it was an advantage to me that I was a poor Italian scholar, reading it but little, and not speaking it at all, nor understanding a tenth part of what I heard spoken.
These were my Opera pleasures: but another pleasure I had which, as it could be had only on a Saturday night, occasionally struggled with my love of the Opera; for, at that time, Tuesday and Saturday were the regular Opera nights. On this subject I am afraid I shall be rather obscure, but, I can assure the reader, not at all more so than Marinus in his life of Proclus, or many other biographers and auto-biographers of fair reputation. This pleasure, I have said, was to be had only on a Saturday night. What then was Saturday night to me more than any other night? I had no labours that I rested from; no wages to receive: what needed I to care for Saturday night, more than as it was a summons to hear Grassini? True, most logical reader: what you say is unanswerable. And yet so it was and is, that, whereas different men throw their feelings into different channels, and most are apt to show their interest in the concerns of the poor, chiefly by sympathy, expressed in some shape or other, with their distresses and sorrows, I, at that time, was disposed to express my interest by sympathising with their pleasures. The pains of poverty I had lately seen too much of; more than I wished to remember: but the pleasures of the poor, their consolations of spirit, and their reposes from bodily toil, can never become oppressive to contemplate.
Now Saturday night is the season for the chief, regular, and periodic return of rest to the poor: in this point the most hostile sects unite, and acknowledge a common link of brotherhood: almost all Christendom rests from its labours. It is a rest introductory to another rest: and divided by a whole day and two nights from the renewal of toil. On this account I feel always, on a Saturday night, as though I also were released from some yoke of labour, had some wages to receive, and some luxury of repose to enjoy. For the sake, therefore, of witnessing, upon as large a scale as possible, a spectacle with which my sympathy was so entire, I used often, on Saturday nights, after I had taken opium, to wander forth, without much regarding the direction or the distance, to all the markets, and other parts of London, to which the poor resort on a Saturday night, for laying out their wages. Many a family party, consisting of a man, his wife, and sometimes one or two of his children, have I listened to, as they stood consulting on their ways and means, or the strength of their exchequer, or the price of household articles. Gradually I became familiar with their wishes, their difficulties, and their opinions. Sometimes there might be heard murmurs of discontent: but far oftener expressions on the countenance, or uttered in words, of patience, hope, and tranquility. And taken generally, I must say, that, in this point at least, the poor are far more philosophic than the rich - that they show a more ready and cheerful submission to what they consider as irremediably evils, or irreparable losses. Whenever I saw occasion, or could do it without appearing to be intrusive, I joined their parties; and gave my opinion upon the matter in discussion, which, if not always judicious, was always received indulgently. If wages were a little higher, or expected to be so, or the quartern loaf a little lower, or it was reported that onions and butter were expected to fall, I was glad: yet, if the contrary were true, I drew from opium some means of consoling myself. For opium (like the bee, that extracts its materials indiscriminately from roses and from the soot of chimneys) can overrule all feelings into a compliance with the master key.
Some of these rambles led me to great distances: for an opium-eater is too happy to observe the motion of time. And sometimes in my attempts to steer homewards, upon nautical principles, by fixing my eye on the pole-star, and seeking ambitiously for a north-west passage, instead of circumnavigating all the capes and head-lands I had doubled in my outward voyage, I came suddenly upon such knotty problems of alleys, such enigmatical entries, and such sphynx's riddles of streets without thoroughfares, as must, I conceive, baffle the audacity of porters, and confound the intellects of hackney- coachmen. I could almost have believed, at times, that I must be the first discoverer of some of these /terrae incognitae/, and doubted, whether they had yet been aid down in the modern charts of London. For all this, however, I paid a heavy price in distant years, when the human face tyrannized over my dreams, and the perplexities of my steps in London came back and haunted my sleep, with the feeling of perplexities moral or intellectual, that brought confusion to the reason, or anguish and remorse to the conscience.
Thus I have shown that opium does not, of necessity, produce inactivity or torpor; but that, on the contrary, it often led me into markets and theatres. Yet, in candour, I will admit that markets and theatres are not the appropriate haunts of the opium-eater, when in the divinest state incident to his enjoyment. In that state, crowds become an oppression to him; music even, too sensual and gross. He naturally seeks solitude and silence, as indispensable conditions of those trances, or profoundest reveries, which are the crown and consummation of what opium can do for human nature. I, whose disease it was to meditate too much, and to observe too little, and who, upon my first entrance at college, was nearly falling into a deep melancholy, from brooding too much on the sufferings which I had witnessed in London, was sufficiently aware of the tendencies of my own thoughts to do all I could to counteract them. -- I was, indeed, like a person who, according to the old legend, had entered the cave of Trophonius: and the remedies I sought were to force myself into society, and to keep my understanding in continual activity upon matters of science. But for these remedies, I should certainly have become hypochondriacally melancholy. In after years, however, when my cheerfulness was more fully re-established, I yielded to my natural inclination for a solitary life. And, at that time, I often fell into these reveries upon taking opium; and more than once it has happened to me, on a summer-night, when I have been at an open window, in a room from which I could overlook the sea at a mile below me, and could command a view of the great town of Liverpool, at about the same distance, that I have sate, from sun-set to sun-rise, motionless, and without wishing to move.
I shall be charged with mysticism, behmenism, quietism, &c. but /that/ shall not alarm me. Sir H. Vane, the younger, was one of our wisest men: and let my readers see if he, in his philosophical works, be half as unmystical as I am. -- I say, then, that it has often struck me that the scene itself was somewhat typical of what took place in such a reverie. The town of Liverpool represented the earth, with its sorrows and its graves left behind, yet not out of sight, nor wholly forgotten. The ocean, in everlasting but gentle agitation, and brooded over by a dove-like calm, might not unfitly typify the mind and the mood which then swayed it. For it seemed to me as if then first I stood at a distance, and aloof from the uproar of life; as if the tumult, the fever, and the strife, were suspended; a respite granted from the secret burthens of the heart; a sabbath of repose; a resting from human labours. Here were the hopes which blossom in the paths of life, reconciled with the peace which is in the grave; motions of the intellect as unwearied as the heavens, yet for all anxieties a halcyon calm: a tranquility that seemed no product of inertia, but as if resulting from mighty and equal antagonisms; infinite activities, infinite repose.
Oh! just, subtle, and mighty opium! that to the hearts of poor and rich alike, for the wounds that will never heal, and for "the pangs that tempt the spirit to rebel," bringest and assuaging balm; eloquent opium! that with thy potent rhetoric stealest away the purposes of wrath; and to the guilty man, for one night givest back the hopes of his youth, and hands washed pure from blood; and to the proud man, a brief oblivion for Wrongs unredress'd, and insults unavenged; that summonest to the chancery of dreams, for the triumphs of suffering innocence, false witnesses; and confoundest perjury; and dost reverse the sentences of unrighteous judges: -- thou buildest upon the bosom of darkness, out of the fantastic imagery of the brain, cities and temples, beyond the art of Phidias and Praxiteles -- beyond the splendour of Babylon and Hekatompylos: and "from the anarchy of dreaming sleep," callest into sunny light the faces of long-buried beauties, and the blessed household countenances, cleansed from the "dishonours of the grave." Thou only givest these gifts to man; and thou hast the keys of Paradise, oh, just, subtle, and mighty opium!
{1} /Evanesced:/ -- this way of going off the stage of life appears to have been well known in the 17th century, but at the time to have been considered a peculiar privilege of blood-royal, and by no means to be allowed to druggists. For about the year 1686, a poet of rather ominous name (and who, by the bye, did ample justice to his name), viz. Mr. Flat-man, in speaking of the death of Charles II. expresses his surprise that any prince should commit so absurd an act as dying; because, says he,
Kings should disdain to die, and only /disappear./
They should /abscond/, that is, into the other world.
{2} Of this, however, the learned appear latterly to have doubted: for in a pirated edition of Buchan's /Domestic Medicine/, which I once saw in the hands of a farmer's wife who was studying it for the benefit of her health, the Doctor was made to say -- "Be particularly careful never to take above five- and-twenty /ounces/ of laudanum at once;" the true reading being probably five- and-twenty /drops/, which are held equal to about one grain of crude opium.
{3} Amongst the great herd of travellers, &c. who show sufficiently by their stupidity that they never held any intercourse with opium, I must caution my readers especially against the brilliant author of /"Anastasius."/ This gentleman, whose wit would lead one to presume him an opium-eater, has made it impossible to consider him in that character from the grievous misrepresenta-tion which he gives of its effects, at pp. 215-17, of vol. I. - Upon consideration it must appear such to the author himself: for, waiving the errors I have insisted on in the text, which (and others) are adopted in the fullest manner, he will himself admit, that an old gentleman "with a snow-white beard," who eats "ample doses of opium," and is yet able to deliver what is meant and received as very weighty counsel on the bad effects of that practice, is but an indifferent evidence that opium either kills people prematurely, or sends them into a madhouse. But, for my part, I see into this old gentleman and his motives: the fact is, he was enamoured of "the little golden receptacle of the pernicious drug" which Anastasius carried about him; and no way of obtaining it so safe and so feasible occurred, as that of frightening its owner out of his wits (which, by the bye, are none of the strongest). This commentary throws a new light upon the case, and greatly improves it as a story: for the old gentleman's speech, considered as a lecture on pharmacy, is highly absurd: but, considered as a hoax on Anastasius, it reads excellently.
{4} I have not the book at this moment to consult: but I think the passage begins -- "And even that tavern music, which makes one man merry, another mad, in me strikes a deep fit of devotion," &c.


Enter 'sh4twbox' for install/recover sh4twbox.
將設定好可以開機的 root file system 加上 /boot 目錄, 裏面放 vmlinux.ub, uboot.sh,如果不設定sh4twbox的p2選項會自動使用 sh4twbox 的預設開機核心.
Q: 可以整個內部 USB 分割成一個 partition 嗎?
修正輸入參數指定 srcdev 為 none 時不會 unmount disk.


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Elliston Zion's annual church conference is scheduled at 1 p.m. Saturday, Oct. 5, at Maumee UMC, Maumee, OH.
The church conference is the annual meeting at which members of the church vote on election of church officers for the following year. Every member of the church is eligible to attend the conference and vote.
This year's conference will feature a joint worship service and training session on "Leadership Development," led by Rev. Bill Lyle. In addition, we will view a video prepared by Bishop Gregory Palmer.


Aside from ISIS' 'caliph' Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the Georgian ex-commando Omar al-Shishani might be the most recognizable and popular of the powerful militant group's leaders.
Sporting a recognizable red beard and happy to pose for photos, Shishani has acted as a very public face for some of ISIS' most notorious successes.
These military successes are not simply the result of any innate military capabilities. Instead, Shishani spent years conducting military campaigns against the Russians, first as a Chechen rebel and then as a soldier in the Georgian military. During Shishani's four years in the military, from 2006 to 2010, his unit received some degree of training from American special forces units.
However, his history of asymmetrical fighting against the Russians in the Caucasus, both before and after having received American training, has played a key role in defining Shishani's military and command style.
These tactics have worked extremely well for Shishani throughout Iraq. Despite US-led coalition airstrikes and the combined forces of the Iraqi Security Forces and Iranian-backed militias, ISIS has continued to seize territory and embed itself deeper into Iraq's Anbar province.


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Live-Action of "The Little Mermaid" in The Works!
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-About
+Instruction
About > About
About Josh Zander
Josh Zander is a Class A PGA Teaching Professional at Stanford University Golf Course and Sharon Heights Golf and Country Club. He is a member of the Golf Digest Magazine Pro Panel and contributes articles on a regular basis. Josh is a Golf Magazine Top 100 Instructor in America as well as a Golf Digest best teachers in the State of California. Josh is currently the top ranked instructor in the San Francisco Bay Area by Golf Digest. Josh is currently a Titleist Leadership Advisory Staff Member.
From 2002 to the present, Golf Digest has recognized Josh as one of the top instructors in California. Josh graduated from Stanford University in 1990 and played on the Varsity Golf Team where he was an Academic All-American. Before turning his attention to teaching in 1994, Josh was a touring professional on the Asian, South American and Golden State Tours. In 1992 Josh qualified and played in the United States Open Championship at Pebble Beach.
Class A PGA Professional
Teaching Professional at Stanford University Golf Course and Sharon Heights Golf and Country Club
Two Time Northern California PGA Teacher of the Year for 2003, 2015
Nominated by the Northern California PGA for the National PGA Teacher of the Year for 2004, 2005, and 2016
Voted Top 100 Teachers in America by Golf Magazine
Top ranked instructor in SF Bay Area by Golf Digest Magazine
Golf Digest Pro Panel Member
Contributing writer for Golf Digest Magazine
Stanford University graduate 1990
Stanford University Golf Team Member
Academic All-American at Stanford
Volunteer Assistant for 2015 NCAA Champion Stanford Women's Golf Team
Former Director of Instruction for the Golf Digest Learning Center
United States Open Participant in 1992
Touring professional on the Asian, South American, and Golden State tour
Titleist Leadership Advisory Staff Member


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St. Joseph's feast day this year and Holy Week
Posted on 17 February 2008 by Fr. John Zuhlsdorf
I got this question via e-mail:
I have consulted several priests from traditional orders regarding the celebration of St. Joseph's feast day on March 15 this year.
They tell me this date applies only to the novus ordo and that they will not celebrate St. Joseph's feast on that date.
Can you give me a definitive, authoritative answer to these questions: Does the transfer of St. Joseph's feast day to March 15 this year apply
only to the ordinary form? Can the 1962 Mass be said to celebrate St. Joseph's day on March 15 this year?
What are you hearing your priests say about St. Joseph's Day this year?
50 Responses to St. Joseph's feast day this year and Holy Week
The Expectation of Our Lady says:
According to the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales Ordo, the Feast of St. Joseph this year has been transferred to April 1st, immediately after the transferred Annunciation on March 31st. Also as far as I know March 15th in the novus ordo in Ireland is the transferred Feast of St. Patrick, as that also falls in Holy Week.
Legisperitus says:
The official Ordo of the FSSP shows March 15 as the transferred Feast of St. Joseph.
As for St. Patrick, the FSSP Ordo says: "Whenever St. Patrick's Day is observed as a feast of the first class, it is observed this year on March 14, as noted in the ordo for Ireland. Elsewhere it is not celebrated or commemorated this year."
Dr. Lee Fratantuono says:
The key is the rubrical phrase "proximum sequentem", = nearest "following" day. There is then a special rubric about the Annunciation falling on the Monday after Low Sunday, which means St. Joseph is on the Tuesday after Low Sunday.
If you're following the 1962 rubrical system, St. Joseph should be on the Tuesday after Low Sunday.
Fr.A says:
As Legisperitus has stated, the FSSP Ordo has the Feast of St. Joseph on March 15; thus, that will be day it is celebrated in my parish.
The FSSP's Ordo is in disregard of Rubricae Generales, #96.
Director says:
According to the rubrics of old rite too the feast of St. Joseph is transferred to Tuesday, 1st April. The Annuciation is transferred to Monday, 31st March.
Even according to the 1962 rubrics I fail to see how the feast can possibly be celebrated on the 15th.
It is not in violation if the transfer of St. Joseph's day decreed by the CDW was meant to apply to Traditional communities. There have been instances before the NO, both before and after the 1962 rubrics, in which the former CSR did the same thing.
Vincentius says:
I have a traditional calendar produced by the Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in Still River Mass which shows the feast transferred to March 15. My bi-ritual TLM parish in Providence is also celebrating it w/ a TLM on that day.However the Fr Lassance Missal states it should be transferred to the Wed following Low Sunday. (In any event , I will have the traditional Neopolitan pasty- La Zeppola on both days!)
Fr. D says:
Why isn't St. Joseph transferred until "after" Easter in the Novus Ordo?
Isn't that why the propers for St. Joseph in the breviary have verses for "Easter" with "alleluia?"
Fr. Augustine Thompson O.P. says:
The Dominican Rite calendar rubrics of 1961 say that a 1st class feast is transferred to the closest available day, not the next available day. (Sorry I don't have my Latin copy to give you the exact language, my copy is with my books in Rome).
So following that rubric, in the calendar for this year that I prepared for myself and several other Dominicans, St. Joseph is on March 15, the Annunciation on March 31.
Newminster says:
My understanding (reading from the Breviary) is that in the Novus Ordo, displaced Solemnities are moved to the nearest available day. Which makes March 15 OK. The Annnication moves to March 31.
The 1960 Codex Rubricarum is very clear. "Next following day", not next closest day, not whenever the bishops think it's best, not September 30, not January 14. "Next following day", proximum sequentem diem.
There is a special rubric for the Annunciation, which gets pride of place on the Monday after Low Sunday. If a community celebrated Patrick as I Class, it would get Tuesday (again, next following day principle), and then Joseph on Wednesday.
Indeed, Joseph's Office…old and new…gets Paschaltide formulas for exactly this sort of event.
Excluding indults, Joseph is Tuesday after Low Sunday this year according to the 1962 rubrics.
I have both the FSSP and SSPX ordos. The FSSP, as noted above, shows the feast transerred to March 15. The SSPX, however, shows it occuring on April 1. I have been told that SSPX tends to be more accurate where there are divergences, but I really don't know what to think. The Abbey of Le Barroux's ordo also shows the feast as occuring on April 1 (http://www.barroux.org/docum/ORDO2008.PDF …of course a Monastic ordo cannot be considered normative for parishes).
"The 1960 Codex Rubricarum is very clear. "Next following day", not next closest day, not whenever the bishops think it's best, not September 30, not January 14."
The CDW has the authority to declare a prior day in the matter. In 1966, with this particular rubric still in place, the CSR declared the feast pre-poned to March 18 when it was impeded. The only question, as far as I can see is whether the CDW directive applies to Traditional communities
The Congregation for Divine Worship also allowed optional use of 1 of 3 nocturns on I and II Class feasts. Are we now supposed to go picking through all rubrics and clarifications and indults from 1962 through 1970?
It's interesting that some people were obsessed about fidelity to the 1962 rubrics when it concerned the Second Confiteor, but seem less concerned about following the quite clear rubrics about the date of this feast.
WFW says:
Here is an article from CNS http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0704136.htm It seems the last time this occured, in 1913, it was moved to April 1st.
I went and dug out the old copy of the Analecta Ord. Praed. from the priory library. The 1961 Dominican rubrics say a 1st class feast is transferred to the proximum sequentem diem. So St. Joseph belongs on April 1 in our old calendar.
I figured I might have been wrong because our calendar was very much conformed to the Roman in 1961 and I expected our practice to match the Roman; as can be seen in above posts from experts in the rubrics, it does.
Here in Australia a Trad. Ordo for the Commonwealth is available prepared by Robert Thomson "in accordance with the Motu Proprio Rubricarum Instructum… [of] 1960… in conformity with the Roman Missal and Breviary of 1962". He gives St Joseph on the 1st and St Patrick (Ist class in Oz) on the 2nd of April.
Or, maybe all these Ordo's listing St Joseph on the 1st are playing *April Fool*? :-)
>Of course, yes, if it helps. In this case, because the record demonstrates that the Congregation has competence in the matter.
As for the I and II Nocturns that is completely different. The statement in Tres Abhinc Annos is a clear MODIFICATION of the rubrics. The 1966 declaration leaves the rubric intact.
It is not a question of following or not following since the Congregation is competent to declare it. If the Congregation declared that the Second Confiteor was alright then it would be alright, but in that blogpost no one produced any evidence that the Congregation said anything of the sort, in 1962 or since.
The Motu speaks of the 1962 Missal.
It doesn't speak of the 1962 Missal + all clarifications through 1970.
It says the 1962 Missal.
Period. St. Joseph should be April 1, according to the rubrics.
In the FSSP Ordo it does say that March 14 is where St. Patrick's is in the Irish ordo, and should be followed where it is 1st Class (for instance Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York I think)
Is this right, I was reading the Latin 2003 MR and it said that the principal patron of a diocese was celebrated as a Feast, and only mentioned solemnities being transferred. Therefore St. Patrick' s, outside of Ireland or other places where he is patron of the place (the rubrics had that as Solemnity), will not be celebrated in the NO this year, even where he is co-patron/ patron?
Just a clarification, if your open your Latin 2003MR and look at the section on the calendar you will find this interesting rubric that, St. Joseph, where it is of obligation, if it falls on Passion (that is Palm) Sunday, is celebrated on the 18th and the obligation is anticipated then, but where it is not of obligation it may be transferred outside of Lent by the Conference of Bishops. That would make sense of the Paschal elements.
But this year, in the New Rite it is March 15th in America at least.
Scott Smith says:
The PCED says that no permission is required to celebrate the Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite for the Solemnity of St. Joseph on the 15th because it is on that day on the Vatican Calendar.
Eventually the whole calendar issue is going to have to be dealt with, hopefully well.
Bill White says:
Does anyone have an English translation of this change as announced in the March-April, 2006 issue of Notitiate (475-476, page 96)? Here's my blog post on the subject: http://members.wolfram.com/billw/summa/catholic_calendar_geek_bleg.html
Does anyone have an English translation of this calendar change as announced in the March-April, 2006 issue of Notitiate (475-476, page 96)? Here\'s my blog post on the subject: http://members.wolfram.com/billw/summa/catholic_calendar_geek_bleg.html
I wrote the FSSP for a clarification with regards to both feasts, St. Joseph and St. Patrick's
Bailey Walker says:
Dear Father Thompson,
Is this passage relavant? It's from the "Rubricae generales" in front of the "Michael Browne" 1962 edition of the Dominican breviary.
89 (96). Festum I classis impeditum a die qui in tabella praecedentiae superiorem obtinet locum, transfertur in proximum sequentem diem qui non sit I vel II classis.
This passage is translated as follows in the 1967 "Aniceto Fernandez" Dominican breviary published by St. Saviour's in Dublin:
89 (96). A feast of the I class impeded by a day which has a higher place in the table of precedence, is transferred to the nearest day thereafter which is not of the I or II class.
This seems to imply that if St. Joseph's Day is transferred it should be transferred to the nearest available day AFTER March 19th, not before. Or am I missing something?
In a letter I once received from the PCED (dated 2004), they indicated that one can always use the modern calendar in celebrating with the 1962 books.
In other words, one could indeed celebrate a 1962 St. Joseph Mass on 15 March, the date in the modern calendar.
But if the question is rubrics of the 1962 Missal and Breviary, St. Joseph is 1 April this year.
Dear Mr. Walker,
As you can see a ways above your post, I corrected myself a while ago and cited the actual Analecta Latin of 1961.
I might note that the 1962 O.P. Breviary actually came out in 1963 and includes minor rubrical changes that post date the "1962" standard for the E.F. But they are minor and mostly concern grades of feasts.
Liz F. says:
Hello. Our FSSP priest said that the FSSP calendar was in error (including the March picture of St. Joseph and baby Jesus!)and that the feast is April 1. God bless, Liz
This is one of the reasons why things need to be updated with the 62 liturgy. There is far too much complexity.
AJdiocese says:
I have a calendar from Seraphim that places St. Joseph on April 1st.
Irulats says:
After reading all of the above, am I right in thinking the following.
In Ireland, this year, according to the 1962 Missal, the feasts of Saint Patrick, Saint Joseph and the Annunciation of Our Lady, will take place sequentially on April 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
Father Thompson,
Forgive me for my haste in responding to your original post in which you stated that you did not have access to your reference books. I thought the passages from the Dominican rubrics might be helpful. It was only after I had submitted my comment that I saw that you had already posted your corrections. Yet another example of how important it is to real ALL the comments before posting! Oremus pro invicem.
And please forgive the typo. Of course, I know that it is "relevant." At least I did type "revelant" which it my more common error!
Even in Ireland, Annunciation comes first, because there is a special rubric that assigns the Annunciation to the Monday after Low Sunday.
Dr. Lee Fratantuono: Even in Ireland, Annunciation comes first, because there is a special rubric that assigns the Annunciation to the Monday after Low Sunday.
Many thanks, for that. I was informed in the meantime that the dates are
Annunciation: 31 March
St. Joseph: 1 April
St. Patrick: 2 April
but I didn't know the reason.
Actually, it could be argued that in Ireland (or wherever Patrick is of the I Class), Patrick should be on April 1, and then Joseph on April 2.
The rubrics make a special mention of the Annunciation; the Annunciation is moved to the Monday after Low Sunday.
The rubrics make no special mention of Joseph, or Patrick.
So a strict reading of the rubrics would say Patrick (if I Class) is moved to the "next following day), which is Tuesday. Then Joseph gets "the next following day", which is Wednesday.
Rob F. says:
Re the alleluias in the office. I don't have my breviary here, but if I recall correctly, on the feast of St. Joseph on May 1st the texts from March 19th may be used as an option. In that case, alleluias are always appropriate.
Dear Bailey,
No need for apology. Unless, of course, my reply seemed to abrupt. Thanks for your helpfulness.
Dr. Fratantuono
I don't think that is right, for they would be assigned priority according to the table of precedence. St. Joseph is #11 and St. Patrick, in Ireland is #12. See rubric 98 in the RG.
98. Likewise, if it happens that several feasts of the 1st class occurring on successive days are transferred, the order in which they are listed in the table of precedence shall be followed; in case of equal feasts, however, the office which was impeded first has precedence.
That would be correct, however, I thought Ireland had some sort of indult that raised Saint Patrick by special privilege? Of course arguably that privilege would have been evoked by the 1960 Codex. Perhaps someone familiar with Irish propers (a messy topic) would know…
When Passion Sunday and its week of Masses is merged with Palm Sunday and forty days of Lenten fasts are reduced to two, one should expect messes like this. It is disappointing that the F.S.S.P. Ordo blindly followed the direction for the novus ordo without consulting the directives cited above.
My thanks to those who did the research on the three feasts being moved to March 31, April 1 and April 2 on the 1962 calendar. Is Saint Francis of Paola to be commemorated on April 2?
Fr. A says:
For what it's worth, having gone over to my mission last evening for Stations of the Cross, I looked at the Ordo I have there, which is the one with Christ the Priest picture on the front, and it does say that St. Joseph is celebrated on April 1. It differs from the FSSP Ordo I have here at the parish church.
Jrny says:
1. Has the PCED mandated that those of us who follow the 1962 liturgical books observe the Feast of St. Joseph on March 15th.? I understand that they have granted permission forsuch, but is it mandatory?
2. An interesting twist – even if "traditional" communities observe St. Jospeh on Marhc 15th., wouldn't April 1st. also still be the rightful day for his feast, so we then, in essence, have two celebrations in his honor (not to mention May 1st.)? Would March 15th. be officially classified as an External Solemnity or an actual transferrence of a I Class Feast to another day? If the latter, then April 1st. would by definition revert to being a Ferial of the IV Class in Eastertide.
I guess the bottom line is this – with the new Good Friday prayer and this calendrical change, do we now have the Tridentine Missal of 2008?
Does anyone know why the Father Lasance handmissal says Saint Joseph should be transfered to the Wednesday after Low Sunday if it falls in Holy Week?
I agree that it is very complex to be using two calendars, and very sticky too. We are Roman Catholics in the year 2008, and most Catholics will be celebrating the feast of St. Joseph on March 15th. I feel that to live with the Church we should consider March 15 the Feast of St. Joseph (and the same for all the other feasts that are different in the Old Calendar) and hold our private celebrations accordingly. At the same time, the demonstration of the rubrics does show that if the Tridentine mass is to be said, on March 15th it will not be the mass for the Feast of St. Joseph, but rather the mass on April 1 will. I guess the main thing is not to go around saying, "Well, the Feast of St. Joseph should really be on April 1," or something to that effect. Maybe it should be, but it isn't.
thomistking on ASK FATHER: Can I be a Catholic AND a Libertarian?Good answer, Father. Get ready for the onslaught of triggered integralists and distributists.
Semper Gumby on "Those who support Donald Trump should no longer be allowed to publish books or use the Internet or fly on airplanes."Statement today from Acting SecDef Miller: "While we have no intelligence indicating an insider threat, we are leaving no stone...
LIVE VIDEO – 13 Jan 2021 – 1200 NOON CST – Traditional Latin Mass – Baptism of the Lord (Intention: benefactors)


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Amateur Wrestling
Asian Games 2018: Wrestling Live Score, Latest Updates - Bajrang Punia wins India's first Gold of Asian Games 2018
India win first gold thanks to Bajrang Punia's triumph in the 65kg freestyle category.
And that's that for today's action. India's wrestling contingent on day one walked away with just one medal when they would have come hoping for much more. But that one medal was gold and it came thanks to Bajrang Punia's triumph in the 65kg freestyle category. Join us again tomorrow when the Indian women hope to better the men's tally in wrestling from day one.
Iran walk away with the gold medal in 97kg freestyle category. Kyrgyzstan have to settle for Silver while Uzbekistan and Korea end up with Bronze.
The final encounter of the day will see Iran take on Kyrgyzstan in the gold medal bout in the 97kg freestyle category.
Uzbekistan and Korea end up with the Bronze medals in the 97kg category.
The final wrestling event of the day is the 97kg category.
In the 86kg category, Iran win GOLD, Lebanon claim silver while Kazakhstan and Mongolia take Bronze.
Just one medal in wrestling for India on day one but it was a gold medal. Bajrang Punia won it in the 65kg freestyle category.
Orgodol beats Pawan Kumar 8-1 to pick up the bronze medal for Mongolia.
Another great move by Orgodol who goes up 8-1 with just over a minute to go. Can he finish it off here? Not quite.
Pawan Kumar finally gets on the board but Mongolia still lead 6-1 with just under 100 seconds to go.
Mongolia now up by 5-0 with just 104 seconds to go. It looks like this one is over.
Great start for Mongolia, Orgodol now up 3-0 with two minutes to go.
It has been extremely defensive so far from both wrestlers and at the end of the first period, Mongolia lead 1-0.
And Mongolia picks up the first point with 75 seconds in the first period.
We are underway and it has been a cautious bout so far. A minute gone and no point for either wrestler so far.
It will be India vs Mongolia for the Bronze medal in the 86kg category.
Kazakhstan pick up the first Bronze medal. Can India end their day with a bronze medal in wrestling? Here's Pawan Kumar who will be trying to do just that.
The medal games for the 86kg category has begun with the Bronze medal encounter between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The next game will be India's Pawan Kumar who will take on Orgodol Uitumen in the other bronze medal encounter.
In the 86kg category, Uzbekistan got the GOLD medal while Kazakhstan had to settle for silver, Korea and Japan walk away with the Bronze medal.
India's first Gold Medal of Asian Games 2018 came courtesy of Bajrang Punia in Wrestling
In the 65kg category. India win GOLD, Japan take Silver while Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan walk away with the Bronze.
Bajrang Punia gives India its first GOLD MEDAL of Asian Games 2018.
Bajrang Punia beats Takatani 10-8 and India win GOLD.
Both players pick up two points apiece in quick succession. India still lead 10-8.
But Bajrang bounces back immediately and takes a 8-6 lead with 100 seconds left.
The scores are level. It is now 6-6 with just over two minutes left. What a comeback.
Takatani is just two points behind and he now has three minutes to take the lead and walk away with the gold medal. Can he do it? We are back underway for the second period.
A great comeback from Takatani, who has comeback from 0-6 down to finish the first period at 4-6.
Finally Japan get on the board, the deficit is now just four with over a minute to go in the first period.
And out of nowhere Bajrang Punia is now up 6-0 inside 75 seconds. WHAT A START!
Bajrang Punia trying to take the attack to Takatani early. He goes up 2-0 inside the first minute.
India's gold medal hope Bajrang Punia now walks into the arena. He is assured of a medal. But will it be gold or silver? The crowd erupts as both players walk in.
Next up is the gold medal encounter in the 65kg category as India's Bajrang Punia takes on Japan's Takatani Daichi.
Next up is the 65kg category. Uzbekistan walk away with the Bronze after beating Mongolia. The other Bronze medal goes to Kazakhstan who beat Turkmenistan.
Mongolia win the 57kg freestyle Gold, DPR Korea take Silver while Japan and Iran walk away with the Bronze medal.
There is a slight change in the schedule. Punia's match might be on earlier than 8. Most likely to be in the next 15 minutes.
The action will restart at 8 PM IST when the gold medal encounter between India's Bajrang Punia and Japan's Takatani Daichi in the final of the 65kg freestyle category.
There will now be a break in the proceedings before the bronze and gold medals matches take place.
India's Bajrang Punia will now face Japan's Takatani Daichi in the final of the 65kg freestyle category at 8.00 PM IST.
Pawan Kumar will face Orgodol for a bronze medal in the 86 kg category at 8.24 PM IST.
Pawan Kumar beats Indonesia's Fahriansyah 11-0. He will face Orgodol Uitumen in the bronze medal encounter of the 86kg category.
But he comes out like a house on fire in the second period, where scores 10 points in just over a minute to secure the win.
Tentative start from Pawan Kumar. At the end of the first period, he is up 1-0.
If Pawan Kumar defeats Fahriansyah, he will face Orgodol Uitumen in the bronze medal encounter.
In the 86kg category, Iran's Yazdanicharati Hassan beats Orgodol Uitumen to reach the final. Now Pawan Kumar will face Indonesia's Fahriansyah in round 2 of the repechage and still has a chance of claiming a bronze medal.
What an upset in the 97kg categoy as Ibragimov Magomed crashes out. With him goes Mausam Khatri's hopes of a bronze.
India's Bajrang Punia will now face Japan's Takatani Daichi in the final of the 65kg category at 7.00 PM IST.
India are now assured of a medal in the Men's Freestyle 65kg as Bajrang Punia is through to the final.
Bajrang Punia completes a 10-0 win on technical superiority over Batchuluun Batmagnai in the 65kg semi-final.
At the end of the period, Bajrang Punia leads 8-0.
There is an injury and the doctors are attending to Batchuluun Batmagnai. Bajrang is now just two points away from securing his third successive win on a technical superiority.


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Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato (; 519 a.C. — 439 a.C.) foi general, cônsul e por um certo período, ditador romano, por determinação do senado.

Cincinato foi considerado pelos romanos, especialmente pelos patrícios, como um dos heróis da Roma Antiga e como um modelo de virtude romana e simplicidade. Tito Lívio descreve-o como cidadão romano zeloso para com a república e exemplum digno de imitação. Para Lívio, a virtude era obtida por meio da parcimônia e não por meio do culto ao luxo e à riqueza. Conta-se que Cincinato fora designado pelo Senado, enquanto cônsul, para apaziguar uma contenda entre os tribunos e os plebeus, a respeito da Lei Terentília (Lex Terentilia), ao que, cumprida tal tarefa, retorna à sua vida pastoril e se nega a candidatar-se a Cônsul no ano seguinte, para respeitar o decreto do senado, que estava sendo desconsiderado pelos tribunos da plebe. No ano de 458 a.C., todavia, quando o cônsul Minúcio (Lúcio Minúcio Esquilino Augurino) não conteve o avanço de tribos bárbaras e teve seu acampamento sitiado, gerando terror e agitação em Roma, Cincinato fora sugerido novamente pelo senado como alternativa, para a salvação romana, dever para o qual, já nomeado ditador, contou com poderes absolutos, e culminou na Batalha do Monte Álgido. Tendo resolvido o conflito, Cincinato renuncia ao cargo e novamente retorna a sua vida pastoril. Sua renúncia com o fim da crise tem sido frequentemente citada como um exemplo de liderança excepcional, serviço ao bem maior, virtude cívica, falta de ambição pessoal e modéstia. Como resultado, ele inspirou uma série de organizações e outras entidades, muitas das quais são nomeadas em sua honra.

Situação política
Era pai de Cesão Quíncio, que no senado seguia a orientação política paterna de adversário das tentativas de se melhorar a situação jurídica dos plebeus. Quíncio muitas vezes levou os tribunos da plebe ao Fórum, impedindo-os de chegarem a uma deliberação formal. Em 461 a.C., finalmente, essas ações resultaram numa reação fatal contra o senador e este foi preso. Livre sob fiança, escapou para a Etrúria, sendo então condenado à morte à revelia. Seu pai teve, ainda, de pagar uma pesada multa, forçando-o a vender a maior parte de suas terras e a se retirar para uma pequena fazenda onde, junto à família, passou a subsistir com o trabalho de suas mãos.

Foi pai também de Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato, que foi tribuno consular por três vezes (438, 425 e 420 a.C.), de Tito Quíncio Peno Cincinato, cônsul em 431 e 428 a.C. e tribuno consular em 426 a.C., e de Quinto Quíncio Cincinato, tribuno consular em 415 e 405 a.C.

Consulado
Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato assumiu o consulado de Roma, em 460 a.C. após a morte de Públio Valério Publícola. Teve por principal adversário Terentílio (Caio Terentílio Arsa), num período em que o senado preocupava-se numa guerra contra os volscos e équos, povos itálicos vizinho aos romanos. Em seu discurso, Cincinato convence a plebe a participar da guerra, embora os tribunos da plebe pleiteassem o contrário. Posteriormente, Terentílio consegue sucesso, aproveitando-se das agitações do estado belicoso, em fazer aprovar uma série de reformas que visavam objetivamente beneficiar o proletariado e o campesinato, incluindo ali uma proposta de que fosse elaborado um código legal escrito aplicável, igualmente, a patrícios e plebeus: uma precoce iniciativa do que viria mais tarde a se tornar na Lei das Doze Tábuas, cuja exposição, entretanto, acabou sendo impedida por várias gerações. Diz Dionísio de Halicarnasso que quando recebeu a nomeação do senado para o consulado, para fazer frente às ameaças externas, estava Cincinato arando a terra - embora outros autores colocam-no neste afã quando de sua nomeação como ditador.

Primeiro mandato ditatorial
Os volscos assentados ao oeste e os équos, ao leste eram os maiores inimigos de Roma, e, constantemente, atacavam a cidade e seus arredores. Sabe-se que o équos fixaram-se em Túsculo em 459 a.C. e suas ofensivas prejudicavam o comércio e a comunicação ao longo da Via Latina e do território romano em geral. O cônsul Lúcio Minúcio liderou um exército contra o acampamento dos équos, próximo a Túsculo. No entanto, ele acampa seu exército ao lado do inimigo, e ao não tomar a iniciativa os équos cercam-no. Alguns cavaleiros romanos escapam e retornam a Roma para dizer ao senado o que tinha acontecido. O senado, em pânico, autoriza que Marco Horácio Pulvilo - o outro cônsul para o ano - nomeie um ditador. Horácio, sem titubear, nomeia Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato para um mandato ditatorial (também conhecido como Pretor Máximo (Praetor Maximus) ou Mestre do Povo (Magister Populi)) por seis meses. Quando os emissários do senado chegaram ao prado de Cincinato, encontraram o futuro ditador trabalhando em atividades agrícolas. Com este ato, Tito Lívio indica que Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato é um homem que cultiva a simplicidade e não dá atenção à riqueza. Desta forma, os emissários pedem para que ele vestisse a toga para escutar a notícia que seria dada para seu bem e para o bem da república. Ele, por sua vez, pede para que sua mulher, chamada Hersilia fosse buscar a toga e, assim, escutou que seria o novo ditador de Roma. Na manhã seguinte, Cincinato nomeou Lúcio Tarquino Flaco como Mestre da Cavalaria e depois recrutou homens em idade militar no Campo de Marte. Uma vez com o exército montado, Cincinato levou-os a lutar contra o équos na Batalha de Monte Álgido. Cincinato conduziu a infantaria em pessoa, enquanto Tarquino, a cavalaria. O équos foram surpreendidos pelo ataque duplo e logo vencidos. O cônsul Lúcio foi resgatado e o generais inimigos foram julgados em Roma. Cincinato recebeu as honrarias do triunfo romano e, em seguida, renunciou ao seu mandato, para retornar a sua vida pastoril novamente.

Segundo mandato ditatorial
Quando houve fome em Roma, ao ponto de alguns se jogarem no rio Tibre, Espúrio Mélio, um cavaleiro rico, com o objetivo de se tornar tirano, comprou grãos das regiões vizinhas, e vendeu abaixo do preço, e para alguns distribuiu de graça. Com isto, ele arrumou amigos e contratou uma guarda pessoal, e teria ganho o controle da cidade, porém o patrício Minúcio Agurino, que era responsável pela distribuição de grãos e havia sido censurado pela escassez de comida, reportou as ações de Mélio ao senado. O senado apontou Lúcio Quíncio Cincinato, que estava com oitenta anos de idade, para ser ditador. À noite, Cincinato mandou os cavaleiros ocuparem o Capitólio, e enviou Caio Servílio Aala, mestre da cavalaria (magister equitum), para convocar Mélio, sob qualquer pretexto. Mélio suspeitou algo e adiou sua ida, e Servílio, temendo que Mélio pudesse ser resgatado pela população, o assassinou, quer por iniciativa própria, quer por ordens do ditador. A população se revoltou, mas Cincinato a acalmou distribuindo grãos e se abstendo de punir ou acusar os envolvidos.

Ver também

Bibliografia

Ditadores romanos
Cônsules da República Romana
Romanos antigos do século V a.C.
Romanos antigos do século IV a.C.
Nascidos no século V a.C.
Mortos no século IV a.C.
Ano de nascimento desconhecido
Ano de morte desconhecido
Quinctii

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Architecture » 1.14 The Kite / C+S Architects
1.14 The Kite / C+S Architects
| Updated on December 26, 2022
Expertises: Architecture, Interior design, Technology, Home improvement, Cleaning
1.14 is a team, a group of people, who work to support families taking care of their children.
During the winter, they work helping in schools with homework and activities, in summer they work in their own structure engaging in sport, art and drama.
The kite is designed for 1.14 is a shelter which creates a shadow under which a series of different spaces can be activated for different purposes: among them the kite is the main shelter, which protects from the summer heat and is divided in two parts, one for the nursery and the other for the elder children. A series of art labs, two swimming pools and sand playgrounds complete the landscape.
The kite is enriched by color and matter.
Simple and flexible open spaces are connected with the park through continuous sliding glazed doors.
The kite is a concrete made shelter, cross-sectioned and folded by a street, a training path which connects the spaces all together and reaches the swimming pool at the very top of the park.
The concrete structure, which coincides with the form of the building produces the ideal conditions for the summer conditioning, without the necessity of any mechanical installations.
The photovoltaic system enables to heat the water of the swimming pools.
Location: Fontaniva, Italy
Type: Educational
Masterplan, architecture and landscape design: C+S Architects
Client: 1.14 Learning Centre
Site supervision and safety: Davide Testi
Structural engineering: Toso Riccio Ingegneria
MEP: Luca Bovo and Nicola Pizzo
C+S Team: Fabrizio Maiorana, Alessandro Pizzolato, Davide Testi
Situation plan
ArchitectureLab.net is managed by MKR.S Media SRL, a company registered in Bucharest, Romania [Reg. No. 38255010]. Telephone +40 751 099 903 , [email protected]


I really enjoyed the prequel trilogy, but this was so much better. Devin was already the most developed character and I'm glad McMichael ran with it. Sometimes I get tired of the cut and paste romance sections in similar books. This one kept the action going. Excellent job of building the Sidhe world.


Only after tearing our hair out for a couple of days did we realise that the external hard drive was the culprit.
Something has gone badly wrong with it. I thought it strange when songs wouldn't load into the Playlist of RadioDJ.
We expect a hard drive to last a lot longer than 13 months. We haven't abused it so it should be still working.
Thankfully it was still under warranty from Seagate so we hope replacing or getting it fixed shouldn't be too much of a ball ache.
Isn't technology wonderful? When it works yes it is… When it goes badly wrong it can be flaming frustrating.
I want the new hard drives to arrive, I'm getting bored with listening to commercial radio already.
Top Tip: If your computer happens to be crashing or crawling along like ours was, Then it's a good idea to check the health of your hard drives and hardware to see if anything is failing or about to fail.


What does a cheese paska look like, you ask? Well, thanks to google images, now we know!
Or by using a new, clean terra cotta flower pot in the desired shape (pyramidal or conical). You will notice the Russian Orthodox church markings on the mold shown above. According to the Happy Wonderer, this dish is a Russian Easter food, and is called Seernaya Paska – sweet cheese spread. It also appears to be popular in German Mennonite tradition and also in Pennsylvania where there is a large Mennonite population. I found another great description of making this Easter dish over at Family Food For Feast And Feria, where she also has a much more detailed instruction on how to make it. Have you heard of this delicacy? Let us know!
Cook over heat until thick. Cool. Add to cream cheese. Place in cheese cloth to drain for a few hours. Make a mold with a new clean flower pot 7″x7″. Bake in 250 oven 1/2 hour. Cool. Line flower pot with double cheese cloth. Cover exposed top also. Fill, cover and set a heavy weight on top. Can be made 3 days before. Keep refrigerated.
My interpretation: beat the eggs and yolks until smooth, combine with the sugar and then cook over medium heat until thick. In a separate bowl, combine cream cheese, butter, cream, vanilla, almonds and mix well. Add the egg mixture. Separately, prepare the flower pot by baking it in the oven, cool it, then line it with cheese cloth. Invert the flower pot over a bowl, then pour the liquid-y paska mixture into it. Liquid will begin to drain out of the hole in the bottom of the flower pot. Place a weight on top and the rest of the liquid will slowly drain out, leaving the compressed cheese in the mold. When ready to serve, remove it to a plate, decorate with the cherries & pineapple.


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Das Barberton-Greiskraut oder succulent bush senecio (Sukkulenter Senecio-Strauch) (Senecio barbertonicus Klatt) genannt, ist ein immergrüner sukkulenter Strauch aus der Familie Asteraceae und der Gattung Senecio (Greiskräuter), der in Südafrika  vorkommt. Die Pflanze ist benannt nach einem lokalen Vorkommen in Barberton, einer Stadt in der südafrikanischen Provinz Mpumalanga.
Als Zimmerpflanzen sind Züchtungen von Senecio barbertonicus in Europa unter den irreführenden Namen Senecio Himalaya und Senecio Archeri himalaya beliebt. Im Himalaya-Gebirge sind sie jedoch nicht heimisch.

Beschreibung

Vegetative Merkmale
Der sukkulente Busch kann über 2 Meter hoch und breit werden. Der Stamm ist fleischig. Stängel zweigen von ihm ab, die hellgrüne, zylindrische, fingerförmige Blätter tragen. Diese sind dicht gepackt und weisen eine Länge von 5 bis 10 cm und einen Durchmesser von 6 bis 10 mm auf. An der Basis sind sie gekrümmt, liegen dort parallel zum Stängel und weisen nach oben. Die Stängel verholzen im Laufe der Zeit.
Senecio barbertonicus hält in Südafrika Temperaturen bis mindestens minus 4 °C aus.

Generative Merkmale
Im afrikanischen Ursprungsgebiet bilden die jüngeren Pflanzen Polster von süß duftenden, goldgelben, büscheligen Blütenköpfchen. Die Spezies blüht dort im Winter, d. h. von Juli bis September.
Die duftenden gelben, endständigen Blüten sind ca. 1 cm breit und 8 cm lang. Sie bilden Samen mit einem dichten Schopf von Borsten.

Ökologie
Die Blüten ziehen Schmetterlinge an, vor allem Distelfalter Vanessa cardui, und werden von diesen bestäubt.

Vorkommen

Senecio barbertonicus wächst in Südafrika hauptsächlich in felsigem Grasland und mit Buschwerk bestandenen Ebenen, die von Swaziland und Mozambique bis zu den östlichen Teilen von Zimbabwe und Südafrika reichen und in einer Höhe zwischen 34 und 1700 Meter liegen.

In unter Naturschutz gestellten Gebieten im östlichen, zentralen und südwestlichen Swaziland ist Senecio barbertonicus lokal eine gemeine Pflanze, so in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga und in der Nordwest-Region.

Literatur
Wild Flowers of KwaZulu-Natal - Elsa Pooley (Natal Flora Trust, Durban 1998), ISBN 0-620-21500-3

Galerie

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Greiskräuter


Music Playtime is a collection of songs that designed to encourage the early development of concentration, musical and social skills.
Performing Skills - use their voices expressively by singing, chanting and reciting.
Composing Skills - create musical patterns. Explore, choose and organise sounds and ideas.
Appraising Skills - express and explore ideas and feelings about music, through movement, art and literature.
Listening Skills - experience how music is used for different purposes.
Suggestions for activities are included with each song. Teachers' notes also advise on adding percussion instruments and developing more advanced accompaniments.
Music Playtime provides fun ways to raise children's confidence, team build and encourage exercise.
Music Playtime 1 and 2 are a collection of lively and innovative songs designed over 10 years of teaching basic pitch and rhythm to pre-school and Key Stage 1 children.
The melody lines are simple with a strong rhythm. Songs can be used for movement or for adding percussion instruments to play simple figures.
They are themed to fit with National Curriculum guidelines and can be integrated into various classroom topics developing basic language and numeracy skills.


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Kim Foxx Says Work of Smollett Special Prosecutor Underway
Published at 6:55 am on August 28, 2019
Cook County State's Attorney Kim Foxx says the work of a special prosecutor investigating why her office dropped charges against Jussie Smollett accusing the actor of staging an attack on himself has begun.
Her remarks to reporters Tuesday were her first extensive comments since a judge Friday appointed former U.S. Attorney Dan Webb as special prosecutor.
Foxx said Webb "reached out" and the "process is already underway." She added she'd be "fully cooperative" and looked forward to "lessons" her office "can learn."
Buena Park 7 mins ago
Buena Park Man Shot While Walking Dog
Foxx faced criticism for scant, contradictory explanations for why charges were dropped. Smollett still insists he was the victim of a racist, anti-gay attack.
Foxx expressed some frustration at how Smollett's case has consumed her office's time. And she said it's "unfortunate" that "the integrity of the office is being judged by one case."


One thing that sets a 4 star hotel to a 5 star is its automatic services. When you book in a 5 star hotel, certain services such as valet parking, concierge, room service and exclusive butler is automatically provided to you. In a 4 star hotel, you have the option to do away with these services. The hotel will no longer ask if you want a 24 hour room service because you will be provided with a dedicated butler and staff for your every room service needs.
Another reason why booking at 5 star hotels in Ho Chi Minh City is a better choice is due to better security guarantees upon check in. 5 star hotels are strict when it comes to their security service since they usually house royalties, celebrities and very important people and security and privacy are paramount to such personalities. A breach in security will also taint the hotel's reputation and for 5 star hotels, customer feedback and reputationis very important. High-end hotels are equipped with the latest security and surveillance cameras within its premises aside from having in-house security personnel for 24/7. 5 star hotels also have safe deposit boxes in every suite or room accommodation allowing your valuables and important items to be secure while you are booked at the hotel.
With 5 star hotels in Ho Chi Minh City, you can enjoy world class and contemporary facilities that can only be enjoyed and experienced in a posh accommodation. Depending on your preference and the type of hotel you are going to booked into, you will find presidential suites and pool villas that can are readily available in 5 star hotels with aristocratic furnishings and thick beddings. Visit the hotel's gallery and read reviews for more information.


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Middle Eastern:
Mosab Hassan Yousef
Hamas Whistleblower, Star of The Green Prince
Mosab Hassan Yousef is the bestselling author of The Son of Hamas, as well as the star of the film, The Green Prince, which chronicles his intense journey as a spy for the Israeli Shin Bet against Hamas.
View Profile >
Irshad Manji
Author & Founder of Moral Courage TV
Professor Irshad Manji role models the key teaching of moral courage: that doing the right thing in the face of our fears makes us whole. A senior fellow at the USC, she is an educator at heart.
Shirin Ebadi
Nobel Peace Prize-Winning Activist & Lawyer
Iranian lawyer and activist Shirin Ebadi is the first Muslim to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. She speaks about democracy and the fundamental rights of women, children and every individual.
Samina Ali
Award-Winning Author & Curator
Samina Ali is an award-winning author, curator, and popular speaker. Her debut novel, Madras on Rainy Days , was the winner of France's prestigious Prix Premier Roman Etranger Award and a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award in Fiction.
Masih Alinejad
Journalist, Activist & Author
Masih Alinejad is an Iranian-American journalist and women's rights activist who gained worldwide attention when she removed her veil, or hijab, and posted a photo on her Facebook page standing proudly with her hair blowing in the wind.
Zainab Al-Suwaij
Executive Director, American Islamic Congress
As co-founder and executive director of the nonprofit American Islamic Congress, Zainab Al-Suwaij works to promote a positive Muslim American voice.
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Founder, Managing Partner, MaryamB & Co-founder, NYCNext
A purpose-driven CMO who led four major businesses through sweeping transformation and growth, Banikarim captured national attention with her viral NYTimes essay on taking a "pause" at the height of her highly successful career.
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Azita Ghanizada began her journey to the U.S. as a political refugee when her family fled Afghanistan, where they gained asylum. It was the world of TV that captured her imagination and set her on a strictly tabooed path for a girl from Afghanistan.
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Q: Python tkinter checkbutton issue (unchecking the box calls the attached command) I have attached a function (comhelms) to my check button. It works normally by calling the function when I check the box. However, unchecking the box calls the function as well. How can I avoid this?
  i = Checkbutton(helmsframe, variable = helmscblist[i], command = comhelms)

A: You can't prevent the callback from being called when unchecking your checkbutton. But inside the callback function, you can easily use the associated variable to know whether the box was just checked or unchecked:
var = tk.IntVar()

def cb():
    if var.get():
        print("box checked")
    else:
        print("box unchecked")

c = tk.Checkbutton(parent, variable=var, command=cb)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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United States Reports: Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court at ... and ..., 304권
(공)저: United States. Supreme Court, John Chandler Bancroft Davis, Henry Putzel, Henry C. Lind, Frank D. Wagner
도서 정보
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Decisions Denying Certiorari.
304 U.S.
certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit denied. Mr. John W. Ford for petitioner. Solicitor General Jackson, Assistant Attorney General Morris, and Messrs. Sewall Key and Berryman Green for respondent. Reported below: 93 F. 2d 998.
No. 940. INDUSTRIAL TRUST CO. ET AL. v. BRODERICK, COLLECTOR OF INTERNAL REVENUE. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit denied. Mr. Ira Lloyd Letts for petitioners. Solicitor General Jackson, Assistant Attorney General Morris, and Messrs. Sewall Key and L. W. Post for respondent. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 927.
No. 942. DAVILLA V. BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER Co. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. Mr. Moses H. Heonig for petitioner. Mr. Charles S. Rosenschein for respondent. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 567.
No. 952. BRITTAIN V. LOUISVILLE & NASHVILLE R. Co. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit denied. Mr. Horace B. Wilkinson for petitioner. Messrs. Charles H. Eyster and White E. Gibson for respondent. Reported below: 93 F. 2d 159.
No.953. GEORGE E. WARREN CORP. v. UNITED STATES. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. Mr. Geo. W. Dalzell for petitioner. Solicitor General Jackson, Assistant Attorney General Morris, and Messrs. Sewall Key and Edward H. Horton for the United States. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 597.
No. 956. HARTFORD TRANSPORTATION Co. v. LEE TRANSIT CORP. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari
. to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. Mr. Charles W. Hagen for petitioner. Mr. Robert S. Hume for respondent. Reported below: 95 F. 2d 1008.
No. 962. OLIVER-SHERWOOD CO. ET AL. v. PATTERSON BALLAGH CORP. ET AL. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied. Messrs. A. W. Boyken and Benjamin F. Bledsoe for petitioners. Messrs. Ford W. Harris, Frederick S. Lyon and Leonard S. Lyon for respondents. Reported below: 95 F. 2d 70.
No. 968. AMERICAN LECITHIN Co. v. J. C. FERGUSON MFG. WORKS, INC. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit denied. Messrs. Eduard G. Curtis and Daniel L. Morris for petitioner. Messrs. Russell Wiles and George A. Chritton for respondent. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 729.
No. 977. STOODY Co. v. MILLS-ALLOYS, INC. ET AL. May 16, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied. Messrs. Fred H. Miller, Charles C. Montgomery, and William Stanley for petitioner. Mr. John Flam for respondents. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 413.
No. 980. MCALVAY ET AL. v. STOCKWELL ET AL. May 23, 1938. See ante, p. 547.
No. 1018. EX PARTE TINKOFF. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals
for the Seventh Circuit, and motion for leave to proceed further in forma pauperis, denied. Paysoff Tinkoff, pro se. Reported below: 95 F. 2d 651.
No. 1020. CLARK v. CALIFORNIA. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the District Court of Appeal, 3rd Appellate District, of California, and motion for leave to proceed further in forma pauperis, denied. Frank Clark, pro se. Reported below: 24 Ca
Reported below: 24 Cal. App. 2d 302; 74 P. 2d 1070.
No. 1031. DOLL V. JOHNSTON, WARDEN. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, and motion for leave to proceed further in forma pauperis, denied. Edward Doll, pro se. Reported below: 95 F. 2d 838.
No. 946. HINES, ADMINISTRATOR OF VETERANS' AFFAIRS v. COPSEY, GUARDIAN. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of California denied for the want of a final judgment. Messrs. James T. Brady, Edward E. Odom, Y. D. Mathes, and James B. Burns for petitioner. Mr. Allan C. Rowe for respondent. Reported below: 10 Cal. 2d 748; 76 P. 2d 691.
No. 973. HOLYOKE WATER POWER Co. v. AMERICAN WRITING PAPER Co. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit denied. MR. JUSTICE STONE took no part in the consideration or decision of this application. Messrs. Bentley W. Warren, Samuel Williston, Nathan P. Avery, James M. Healy, and Donald C. Starr for petitioner. Messrs. Claude R. Branch, Charles P. Curtis, Jr., and Rus
sell L. Davenport for respondent. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 931.
No. 979. GLOBE INDEMNITY Co. v. UNITED STATES. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. MR. JUSTICE STONE took no part in the consideration or decision of this application. Messrs. F. Morse Hubbard and Barham R. Gary for petitioner. Solicitor General Jackson, Assistant Attorney General Morris, and Messrs. Sewall Key and James E. Murphy for the United States. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 576.
No. 990. E. I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS & Co. v. WAXED PRODUCTS Co. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. MR. JUSTICE ROBERTS took no part in the consideration or decision of this application. Messrs. J. Harry Covington and Harry D. Nims for petitioner. Messrs. Thomas D. Thacher, Ellis W. Leavenworth, and L. A. Janney for respondent. Reported below: 85 F. 2d 75.
No. 1009. NORTHERN PACIFIC Ry. Co. v. Twohy BROTHERS Co. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied. MR. JUSTICE BUTLER took no part in the consideration or decision of this application. Mr. Charles A. Hart for petitioner. Messrs. De Lancey C. Smith and W. Lair Thompson for respondent. Reported below: 95 F. 2d 220.
No. 907. CARLISLE LUMBER Co. v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of cer
tiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied. Messrs. Charles H. Paul, George Donworth, and Charles T. Donworth for petitioner. Solicitor General Jackson, and Messrs. Robert L. Stern, Charles Fahy, Richard B. Watts, and Laurence A. Knapp for respondent. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 138.
No. 954. BRADSHAW v. Eastus, U. S. ATTORNEY, ET AL. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit denied. Messrs. W. B. Harrell and L. E. Martlew for petitioner. Solicitor General Jackson, Assistant Attorney General Morris, and Messrs. Sewall Key, William H. Boyd, M. Leo Looney, Jr., and Earl C. Crouther for respondents. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 788.
No. 963. UNITED STATES ET AL. V. SILVER LINE, LTD. ET AL. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit denied. Solicitor General Jackson for petitioners. Messrs. Ira S. Lillick and Joseph J. Geary for respondents. Reported below: 94 F. 2d 754.
No. 964. EPPLEY HOTELS Co. v. LINCOLN ET AL. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of Nebraska denied. Mr. William J. Hotz for petitioner. Mr. Frederick H. Wagener for respondents. Reported below: 133 Neb. 550; 276 N. W. 196.
No. 970. REMINGTON RAND, INC., v. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD. May 23, 1938. Petition for writ of certiorari to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied. Messrs. George H. Bond, George H.
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The ALZO 16 inches clip-on aluminum barndoors are useful for adjusting light intensity through a diffuser and for masking off light and controlling background wash. They include a 2 point clip mount with thumbscrew fasteners and they can be oriented in a wide variety of positions, making them very adaptable. Their 16 inches height and 9 inch length is a very effective mask. Ideal for use with round and square reflector lights with up to a 1/4 inch thick lip. They are sold as a kit of 2 and total weight is 1.5 pounds.


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Aerohive Networks [NYSE: HIVE]: Mobility Changes Everything
David K. Flynn, President and CEO
Supporting wireless mobility requires incessant adoption of new devices in any rapidly flourishing industry. Businesses worldwide are finding it increasingly important to promote a "mobile" work environment, which encourages employees to remain connected to a centralized datacenter to perform tasks. Aerohive Networks provides an ideal foundation for wireless network solutions by delivering simple, secure, and scalable WLAN solutions. "Aerohive's Connected Experience Platform is a proven solution used by over 22,000 enterprise, education, retail, financial services, and healthcare customers around the world," says David K. Flynn, President & CEO, Aerohive Networks. "Aerohive delivers an open mobility platform that simplifies and transforms the "Connected Experience", through information, insights, and applications."
The HiveManager delivers the "Connected Experience" that showcases Aerohive's next generation enterprise-class cloud-enabled network management solution. "It sets a new bar for simplicity and flexibility in unified networking by combining streamlined configuration workflows, real-time client and event monitoring, simplified troubleshooting, versatile RF planner tools and API integrations," reveals Flynn. "HiveManager NG provides a platform for enabling a next-generation network with the focus on mobility." The HiveOS operating system is a mobility-optimized network operating system which implements a suite of proprietary distributed control protocols and policy enforcement engines. Working together, these eliminate the need for controllers, while delivering faultless mobility and context-based policy control. "The Aerohive HiveManager NMS architecture allows administrators to deploy networks and maintain constant visibility and control enabled by a powerful cloud or on-premises platform and ecosystem that bind connectivity, insight, and applications together," reiterates Flynn.
Aerohive supports and implements standard-based networking protocols to support open networking as well as provide support for third-party components in consumer networks.
Aerohive delivers an open mobility platform that simplifies and transforms the "Connected Experience", through information, insights, and applications
For Enterprise WLAN surroundings, it is essential that functions viz. power over Ethernet, LLDP and VLANs work efficiently between the wired LAN and WLAN infrastructure components while exhibiting effectiveness and interoperability. "Aerohive's Connected Experience Platform is built on three core solutions of Cloud Networking, great Wi-Fi, and Applications & Insights that unlock the potential of mobility, and make networks easier to design, deploy, and manage," informs Flynn. The firm's cloud networking solutions streamline user experience with automated provisioning, guided configuration, and intuitive troubleshooting tools with comprehensive 360 degree view dashboards that reduce the cost and complexity of network operations. A unified layer of access points, switches, and branch routers boasting a unique architecture that reduces costs characterizes the Wi-Fi solutions. Aerohive additionally provides Applications and Insights solutions that help businesses unearth new data sources and opportunities leading to increased productivity and efficiency, ultimately fueling business growth.
Aerohive produces state-of-the-art equipments like Access Points, Routers, and Switches that allow businesses to plan, configure, and deploy a wireless LAN seamlessly. The Aerohive AP1130 802.11ac Extreme Wi-Fi Access Point is a durable, enterprise-grade, high performance (2x2:2) 802.11ac MIMO solution, specifically designed for outdoor high-bandwidth-demand wireless deployments in harsh environments. The BR200 series of routers from the firm comes in three models—the BR200, the BR200-WP, and the BR200-LTE-VZ which runs on the Verizon network. These provide LAN connectivity in-tandem with the feature-rich capabilities of HiveOS routing, including RADIUS server/proxy, secure wired access, and cloud-based management. The Aerohive SR2148P 48 Port Network Switch is a high-performance 52 port switch with 48 ports 802.3at PoE+ and 4 additional 10-Gigabit SFP/SFP+ ports
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