text:
Nobody seems to care as the City is thrown to the wolves over Brexit
Jeremy Warner
29 July 2018 • 8:00am
An air of resigned gloom over the Brexit talks has settled over the City
An air of resigned gloom has settled over City dining tables. This is not because of the usual reasons – market meltdown or a poor bonus season. Rather it is because of the realisation that finance is being sold down the river in the Government's Brexit negotiations.
Not much of the so-called "Chequers Agreement" on Britain's future relationship with the EU is likely to survive the Brussels mangle, but the implications for the City look particularly grim.
Every effort has been made to ensure that trade remains as frictionless as possible for manufacturing; the White Paper cedes European Court of Justice jurisdiction over standards and much else besides in its efforts to win round the EU's ideologues. The regulatory flexibility that Brexit should have delivered is being traded for continued market access.
But for finance and other business services, it is the other way around. Market access is being traded for regulatory flexibility. Isn't that what we wanted – the freedom to make our own rules and regulations unbound by the dead hand of Europe?
Well yes, but we were also promised, by David Davis no less, that we could leave and expect to keep "the exact same benefits" as we enjoy as a member.
The Brexit implications for the City of London look particularly grim
As is increasingly obvious, this doesn't apply to the City, which stands to lose a very substantial chunk, if not the vast bulk, of its EU business as a result of Brexit. Admittedly, the White Paper is not prepared yet to cede the point. Instead it seeks a form of "enhanced equivalence", allowing the City to conduct EU business under rules that would remain strongly correlated with those of the EU.
Regrettably, this is simply not realistic. Not in a month of Sundays will the EU grant equivalence to the UK in the form Britain wants. This is because the concept of equivalence as defined by the EU is not there for altruistic economic purposes.
Rather, its purpose is an entirely political one – a means of exerting extraterritorial control, or reaching out into other jurisdictions and making finance subject to EU rule. As everyone in the City knows, the plan in its current form won't fly, and if the truth be known, ministers know it too.
The curiosity here is the asymmetry in approach. Ministers are doing all they can to ensure that manufacturing gets what it wants, even though it runs a massive trade deficit with the rest of the EU, and is a declining proportion of GDP. Yet finance, which employs more people, runs a substantial trade surplus with Europe and contributes massively to tax revenues, has barely got a look in. Despite the money behind its lobbies, pleas have fallen on deaf ears.
Why is this? Why is it that, for instance, 5,000 manufacturing jobs at Nissan in Sunderland are thought more important than the 6,000 people JP Morgan employs in its back office in Bournemouth?
JP Morgan employs thousands of people in Bournemouth
Partly, I suppose, it is because finance became a dirty word as a result of the financial crisis.
Many would gladly see the back of the hated bankers, grossly irresponsible with the nation's well-being. And partly it is because of the assumption – encouraged by certain Brexit supporting financiers – that finance will always find a way. Whatever the EU does to shut the City out therefore doesn't matter.
This is partially true; finance will find a way, only it won't be here in the UK. As financial regulation becomes progressively regionalised between the US, the EU and Asia, the danger for poor old London is that it becomes surplus to requirements and gets squeezed out. Already, we are seeing dollar derivative trading increasingly focused in New York.
The decline will be slow to begin with, but eventually it will reach a tipping point. Without its EU business, London as a financial centre – with its competitiveness already under threat from an increasingly hostile tax and regulatory regime – will lose its critical mass, and then the decline will be fast. Are ministers listening? There is very little sign of it. Small wonder the gloom.
The worm turns
Say what you like about Donald Trump, but he's got a point when... I've lost count of how often I've heard this sentiment expressed in recent months.
Not to miss out, even Jeremy Corbyn has incorporated some of the thinking, with a Trump-like "Britain first" speech last week that espoused a positively protectionist agenda in all things from foreign takeovers to government contracts. Buy British, reject the foreigner, was his almost overtly nationalistic message.
This of course runs completely counter to the open, liberal markets that the UK has championed ever since the election of Margaret Thatcher nearly four decades ago.
Foreign takeovers are not just allowed, but encouraged, and in procurement policy, value for money takes priority over all other considerations. If it means awarding the contract to print British passports to a French company, so be it. It is hard to think of any other country that would do such a thing.
The UK delayed a final decision on who will manufacture the country's post-Brexit blue passports after criticism from the losing bidder De La Rue over the designation of a Franco-Dutch firm as the government's preferred choice.
Transformational change in business has a habit of creeping up on you unawares. One such change is the switch from British to Chinese suppliers in telecoms and IT equipment. When I first came into financial journalism, telecoms infrastructure in the UK was the almost exclusive preserve of just three British companies – GEC, Plessey and Standard Telephones and Cables.
Today, little if anything remains of these one time cornerstones of the British economy. Instead, virtually all our telephone infrastructure and equipment is supplied by Chinese producers. Having initially stolen the technology, they have now refined it, and some of the latest is world leading in its capabilities; the first country to introduce 5G will not be the US or UK, but China, and when we finally follow in its wake, it will be Huawei technology that claims the prize, not some made-in-Britain alternative.
Belatedly, everyone is waking up to the threat, both to national security and to the future of hi-tech jobs. Chinese interests have already managed to get their tentacles into great swathes of our economy. Last week's White Paper on national security and foreign investment is symptomatic of the alarm in government circles.
Britain's Business Secretary Greg Clark anticipates a 50 fold increase in interventions to safeguard British intellectual property.
Greg Clark, the Business Secretary, anticipates a 50 fold increase in interventions to safeguard British intellectual property.
Meanwhile, there is growing official concern over Huawei's hold over UK telecoms infrastructure. The official committee charged with overseeing Huawei's involvement recently said it could provide only limited assurance that risks to national security were being sufficiently mitigated.
The new narrative grows by the week; Britain has gone too far in opening itself up to foreign involvement. The benefits are increasingly challenged. Almost everywhere, the worm has turned, and for better or much more likely worse we lurch towards a world of economic nationalism and self sufficiency. Say what you like about Trump, but he's certainly captured the zeitgeist.


• Computing resources including but not limited to CPUs, RAM, disk space, internet bandwidth and networking are to be used for research purposes only.
• User accounts may not be shared.
• No commercial work is permitted.
• No proxy work, you may not submit jobs on behalf of someone else.
• Running jobs or any high load process on the head node.
• Viewing or editing extremely large files on the head node.
• Fraudulent requests for HPC resources.
• Over or under subscribing resources.
• Running serial code as a parallel job.
• Running the screen command on a worker node.
• Causing a file system to run out of space.
• Allowing illegal access to the cluster.
• Downloading non research related files or data.
By default, users will have access to 64 cores (soft limit). This can be boosted to 96 cores (hard limit) or beyond if the cluster is under-utilised or if the usage patterns of a researcher's jobs can be anticipated. If jobs are queued and the cluster is severely under-used then these jobs will be allowed to run by discretion of the HPC system administrators. The hard and soft limits will be altered over time as hardware and usage patterns change in order to achieve maximum efficiency and usage of the cluster.
If your jobs are known to have a low wall time and\or you make use of the wall time directive then depending on the current state of the cluster your core usage may be increased substantially at the discretion of the administrators. It is also possible to access additional cores by purchasing computational hours.
Users must abide by the ratio of 2GB of memory per allocated core. Usage of the pmem directive should also be observed.
The maximum wall and cpu times are displayed on the dashboard under queue parameters. The default wall time is set to 250 hours. If your jobs need to run longer you may use the walltime directive to increase your walltime up to the allowed maximum.
When your account is deleted all files on /home and /scratch are deleted. It is your responsibility to move data off the HPC file systems when your research projects come to an end.
/home: There is limited disk space on /home and this is shared with other researchers. You are limited to 20GB in /home for scripts or reference data. This volume is protected bu ICTS's backup system although there is a cost for restores.
/scratch: The /scratch volume provides extremely high speed disk access for transient research data. You will be granted a 100GB quota by default. The /scratch volume is volatile and is not backed up. Users are expected to move data off this volume once computation is completed. Old files will automatically be deleted if the volume starts to run out of space. Using the touch command to modify files in the /scratch volume will result in your user account being revoked. The 100GB quota can be increased on request.
All user home directories are protected at the file system level. Researchers that request shared data areas must inform ICTS HPC staff as to which HPC users or groups may have access to these areas. ICTS HPC administrators reserve the right to monitor disk space usage and/or file contents.
In order to maintain the stability of the HPC clusters, the ICTS HPC administrators reserve the right to terminate any running job that does not fall within the agreement of good usage, or that threatens the running of other researchers' jobs.
You are responsible for your data. Recovery costs due to data loss caused by user action or inaction will incur a cost of R200. Only data that is stored on /home is backed up to tape. Data stored on these tapes will be kept for a maximum period of one year, thereafter the tapes will be recycled. Should you need to keep your data for a longer period, you could save your data on the research data archive repository.
Compiling of software or installing libraries should not be done on the head node. This should be run as a job. If debugging or interaction is required then you must run an interactive job.
You may transfer data via the head node, however it is preferred that large downloads of data are done via a worker node as part of a job.
If you need to access cluster from outside of UCT you will need to do so by making use of the VPN.


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Pusiola celida är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av George Thomas Bethune-Baker 1911. Pusiola celida ingår i släktet Pusiola och familjen björnspinnare. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Björnspinnare
celida

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Many online users are worried that their accounts are being breached by a master hacker. However, the likely scenario will fall prey to a bot written to use leaked data breach passwords from companies such as LinkedIn, MySpace and Tumblr. For example, a tool called H8mail can search more than a billion leaked credentials to identify passwords that may still be in use today.
Data breaches often make headlines, but are often not obvious to end users as they endanger them. Violations are not all the same and can contain everything from credit reports to a simple email address. The information in a violation can also be stored in several ways, with the worst-case scenario being passwords stored in plain text.
The most common alternative to plaintext is saving the information as plain text in a more secure form such as a hash Unfortunately, a hash does not solve the problem because many hashes can be brutally enforced themselves. Password violations that have been hashed with SHA-1 can include plain-text passwords if they are used frequently or are easy to guess.
Hackers exploit these issues by buying and selling stolen user data lists with credit card numbers and passwords at the top of the list. Over time, many of the most heavily traded lists became public knowledge.
In one case, a colossal aggregate file named "Breach Compilatio" found that 1.4 billion credentials exist because of violations of various company data. After the Internet leaked, the aggregated database of credentials provided the basis for widescreen usage of accounts belonging to the accounts of users reusing passwords between accounts. This massive privacy violation is only done through a person's email. This is especially useful when combined with OSINT tactics. For example, you can search all e-mail addresses in an organization using tools such as TheHarvester, and then type the resulting list in H8mail. I found it extremely effective to find plain text passwords for at least one person in a large organization, and the passwords were usually horrible.
The passwords stored in the database may be prone to poor passwords because data stores with hashed passwords probably still contain many passwords that are too strong to be brutally enforced. Because of this, most e-mail and password pairs extracted from hash-hash offenses are the worst passwords.
To use a tool like H8mail The tool itself and a data source. A perfectly acceptable method of using H8mail is to connect to one API, but another is to download the entire compilation file for violations and configure H8mail to search locally.
As mentioned earlier, the Compile Bugs Compilation database has 1.4 billion credentials in a list with no duplicate passwords and folders that allow easy and quick search. This database also forms the core of the database, even though you only know that this email address has encountered a violation and what the source of the violation is.
Before we start, we'll be & # 39; You must have Python3 installed and be ready to install some prerequisites. I recommend using Kali Linux and make sure you run apt get to update your system before starting. Failure to do so may cause problems later in the installation.
After navigating to the GitHub repository clone the repository with the following command.
Next you need to change the directory to the directory just downloaded and then install the requests with pip , I recommend using pip3 because pip3 worked for me, but pip did not. To do this, enter the following in a terminal window and wait for the installation to complete.
If the prerequisites are met, you can run h8mail.py to see the available options. In the downloaded h8mail folder, run the Python script with the following command, which opens the Help menu. Here are the available options in H8mail.
Either single e-mail or file (one e-mail per line).
Path to Breakthrough Compilation Torrent.
Pass the configuration options. Format is "K: V, K: V"
We will use the local option. This means that you download the compilation compilation for this demonstration. If you prefer the API option, you must follow the instructions in GitHub to add the API key for the service you want.
Now that you can search for individual accounts, let's combine what you learned in the previous instructions to search for all the emails you can find for an organization. For my example, I use priceline.com. First, we'll use TheHarvester to get email addresses from the priceline.com domain.
For some reason, many Priceline employees use PGP. So, if you run TheHarvester against the PGP keyserver, you've got enough email addresses to create a sizeable address. List the company's email addresses.
After copying the returned list, you can create a destination file by typing the following and then insert the found emails into the text editor that opens.
The command may take some time. When this is done, you will probably find at least some violated passwords from the list of employee emails. Surprisingly, we did not find any from the Priceline list, but otherwise I probably could not publish the results anyway.
These examples are just the beginning of what you can do with H8mail and you. You can use your imagination to think about how finding passwords belonging to long lists of people's email addresses is useful can be.
Now we've shown how easy it is to use a list of organizational email addresses to search for password violations, it's easy to see how It is important not to reuse passwords between websites. The biggest cause for concern is that some of your online accounts are using the same old passwords that have already been breached, leaving you at risk of creating bots with your email address and an old password that puts you in control of your online account. Accounts takes over.  The best protection against this vulnerability is that unique passwords are used for each Web site. This also means not using predictable patterns, as a single email address often violates multiple passwords that indicate that a hacker recognizes an obvious pattern for your passwords.
Password managers such as LastPass can help in creating and storing strong passwords, and the ultimate way of countering these attacks is to use two-factor authentication, preferably with a hardware key. Using a FIDO security key, any device that wants to log in to your account and your password is known requires the physical key to log in, making the attacker much less useful to the attacker.
You can set up two-factor authentication on most online accounts, and I highly recommend doing so if you are guilty of the bad habit of reusing passwords. Between two-factor authentication and the use of password managers to manage and store strong, unique passwords, the average user can significantly reduce their risk against this type of attack.
I hope you liked this guide on how to use H8mail to find broken passwords for a targeted e-mail! If you have questions about this H8mail tutorial or have a comment, feel free to contact me at the following comments or on Twitter @KodyKinzie .


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Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd1
Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd is the son of John Moncreiffe, 8th of that Ilk and Janet Strathauchin.1 He married, thirdly, Elisabeth Dischington, daughter of Sir John Dishington of Ardross, in 1524.1
He also held Pitgorno and Mundy.2 He was Gentleman of the Household between 1503 and 1513.2
Children of Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd and Elisabeth Dischington
James Moncreiffe, 4th of Easter Rhynd+1 d. 1587
David Moncreiffe, 2nd of Easter Rhynd2 d. 1547
Peter Moncreiffe, 3rd of Easter Rhynd2
John Moncreiffe, 5th of that Ilk1
John Moncreiffe, 5th of that Ilk was the son of Duncan Moncreiffe, 4th of that Ilk.1 He died in 1410.1
Child of John Moncreiffe, 5th of that Ilk
Malcolm Moncreiffe, 6th of that Ilk+1 d. 1464/65
Janet Strathauchin1
Janet Strathauchin is the daughter of unknown Strathauchin.1 She married John Moncreiffe, 8th of that Ilk, son of John Moncreiffe, 7th of that Ilk and Beatrix Dundas.1
Her married name became Moncreiffe.1 She was also known as Janet Strachan.1
Child of Janet Strathauchin and John Moncreiffe, 8th of that Ilk
Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd+1
Elisabeth Dischington1
Elisabeth Dischington is the daughter of Sir John Dishington of Ardross.1 She married Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd, son of John Moncreiffe, 8th of that Ilk and Janet Strathauchin, in 1524.1
From 1524, her married name became Moncreiffe.1
Children of Elisabeth Dischington and Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd
John Dishington of Ardross1
Child of John Dishington of Ardross
Sir John Dishington of Ardross+2 b. c 1433, d. c 1513
[S6286] Clan MacFarlane and associated clans genealogy, online http://www.clanmacfarlanegenealogy.info. Hereinafter cited as Clan MacFarlane.
Margaret Tyrie of Drumkilbo1
Margaret Tyrie of Drumkilbo married James Moncreiffe, 4th of Easter Rhynd, son of Hew Moncreiffe, 1st of Easter Rhynd and Elisabeth Dischington, after 1550.1
Her married name became Moncreiffe.1
Child of Margaret Tyrie of Drumkilbo and James Moncreiffe, 4th of Easter Rhynd
David Moncreiffe+1 d. c 1625
Isabel Ewing1
Isabel Ewing married Archibald Smith.1
Her married name became Smith.1
Child of Isabel Ewing and Archibald Smith
William Smith+1 b. 8 Jan 1787, d. 15 May 1871
[S2184] Penny Graham, "re: Sackville-West Family," e-mail message to Darryl Roger Lundy, 7 March 2007 - 30 January 2009. Hereinafter cited as "re: Sackville-West Family."
Gawen Malet1
M, #207508, b. after 1564
Gawen Malet was born after 1564.1 He was the son of Richard Malet and Joan Warre.1
Catherine Fraser1
F, #207509, b. circa 1690, d. 4 March 1771
Catherine Fraser was born circa 1690.1 She was the daughter of Hugh Fraser, 9th Lord (Fraser of) Lovat and Lady Amelia Murray.1 She married Sir William Murray of Ochtertyne, 3rd Bt., son of Sir Patrick Murray of Ochtertyre, 2nd Bt. and Margaret Haldane, on 25 July 1706 at Perth, Perthshire, ScotlandG.1 She died on 4 March 1771.1
From 25 July 1706, her married name became Murray.1
Children of Catherine Fraser and Sir William Murray of Ochtertyne, 3rd Bt.
Katharine Murray+1 d. 24 Jun 1735
Amelia Murray+2
Margaret Murray+2
Sir Patrick Murray of Ochtertyre, 4th Bt.+3 b. 21 Aug 1707, d. 9 Sep 1764
Edward Murray+4 b. 20 Apr 1730
[S15] George Edward Cokayne, editor, The Complete Baronetage, 5 volumes (no date (c. 1900); reprint, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1983), volume IV, page 292. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Baronetage.
[S37] BP2003 See link for full details for this source. Hereinafter cited as. [S37]
[S15] George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Baronetage, volume IV, 292.
Sir Patrick Murray of Ochtertyre, 2nd Bt.1
M, #207510, b. 21 January 1656, d. 25 December 1735
Sir Patrick Murray of Ochtertyre, 2nd Bt. was born on 21 January 1656 at Dollery, ScotlandG.2 He was the son of Sir William Murray of Ochtertyre, 1st Bt. and Isabel Oliphant.3 He married Margaret Haldane, daughter of Mungo Haldane, 13th of Gleneagles and Anne Grant, on 15 February 1681 at Gleneagles, ScotlandG.2 He died on 25 December 1735 at age 79.2
He succeeded as the 2nd Baronet Murray, of Ochtertyre, co. Perth [N.S., 1673] on 18 February 1681.2
Children of Sir Patrick Murray of Ochtertyre, 2nd Bt. and Margaret Haldane
Isabella Murray+4
George Murray4 d. 1777
John Murray4 d. 1755
Mary Murray+4 d. 25 Aug 1766
Sir William Murray of Ochtertyne, 3rd Bt.+2 b. 22 Feb 1682, d. 20 Oct 1739
Patrick Murray+4 b. Feb 1685, d. Nov 1773
[S15] George Edward Cokayne, The Complete Baronetage, volume IV, page 291.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Shaikh Salman offers condolences on the passing of Faisal Abdulaziz
Kuala Lumpur: Asian Football Confederation (AFC) President Shaikh Salman bin Ebrahim Al Khalifa has extended his condolences to the Bahrain Football Association (BFA) and to the family and loved ones of former Bahrain international Faisal Abdulaziz who passed away at the age of 53 on Friday.
Abdulaziz featured prominently for the Bahrain national football team and was part of the side that finished fourth at the AFC Asian Cup in 2004 in China PR, which remains the Kingdom's best ever performance at Asia's flagship national team competition.
The AFC President said: "On behalf of the AFC, please accept our sincerest sympathies and condolences on the untimely demise of Faisal Abdulaziz.
"We have lost an icon whose service to the game will never be forgotten and I am sure will continue to serve as an inspiration to our future generation of players and fans," added Shaikh Salman.
The towering defender also enjoyed an illustrious career for Bahrain giants Al Muharraq, winning several domestic trophies including the Bahraini Premier League and the Bahraini King's Cup and was part of the AFC Cup side that finished as runners-up in 2006.
The thoughts and prayers of the AFC and the rest of the Asian football community are with the family and love ones of Abdulaziz, the BFA and the Bahrain football family during this difficult time.


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Working Conditions and Safety in Forestry Work
Written by Laflamme, Lucie Cloutier, Esther
Safety in the forestry sector depends on matching individuals' work capacities to the conditions under which they perform their tasks. The closer the mental and physical requirements of the work approach the workers' capacities (which, in turn, vary with age, experience and health status), the less likely safety is to be sacrificed in an attempt to satisfy production goals. When individual capacities and working conditions are in a precarious balance, decreased individual and collective safety is inevitable.
As figure 1 illustrates, there are three sources of safety hazards related to working conditions: the physical environment (climate, lighting, terrain, types of trees), deficient safety laws and standards (inadequate content or application) and inappropriate work organization (technical and human).
Figure 1. Determinants of safety hazards in forestry work.
The technical and human organization of work encompasses potentially hazardous factors that are both distinct and tightly linked: distinct, because they refer to two intrinsically different resources (i.e., humans and machines); linked, because they interact and complement each other during the execution of work activities, and because their interaction allows production goals to be reached safely.
This article details how flaws in the components of work organization listed in figure 1 can compromise safety. It should be noted that measures to protect safety and health cannot be retro-fitted onto an existing work method, machine or organization. They need to be part of the design and planning.
Technical Work Organization
The term technical work organization refers to operational considerations of forestry work, including the type of cut, the choice of machinery and production equipment, equipment design, maintenance practices, size and composition of the work crew(s) and the time allotted in the production schedule.
Type of cut
There are two main types of cut used in forestry operations, distinguished by the technology used to fell and debranch trees: conventional cutting, which relies on mechanical saws, and mechanical cutting, which relies on machines operated from control cabins and equipped with articulated booms. In both cases, skidders, especially chain- or claw-propelled ones, are the usual means of transporting felled trees along the side of the road or waterways. Conventional cutting is the more widespread and the more dangerous of the two.
Mechanization of cutting is known to considerably reduce the frequency of accidents. This is most apparent for accidents occurring during production operations, and is due to the replacement of mechanical saws by machines operated from remote control cabins which isolate operators from hazards. At the same time, however, mechanization appears to increase the risk of accidents during machine maintenance and repair. This effect is due to both technological and human factors. Technological factors include machine deficiencies (see below) and the often improvised, if not frankly ludicrous, conditions under which maintenance and repair operations are performed. Human factors include the existence of production bonuses, which often result in low priority being given to maintenance and repair operations and the tendency to perform them hastily.
There are no design codes for forestry machinery, and comprehensive maintenance manuals are rare. Machines such as fellers, debranchers and skidders are often a mixture of disparate components (e.g., booms, cabins, base machines), some of which are designed for use in other sectors. For these reasons, machinery used in forestry operations may be poorly suited to some environmental conditions, especially those related to the state of the forest and the terrain, and to continuous operation. Finally, machine repair is frequently necessary but very difficult to perform.
Machine and equipment maintenance
Maintenance practices in the forest are usually corrective rather than preventive. Various working conditions—such as production pressures, the absence of strict maintenance guidelines and schedules, the lack of appropriate maintenance and repair sites (garages, shelters), the harsh conditions under which these operations are performed, and the lack of adequate tools—may explain this situation. In addition, financial constraints may operate on one-person operations or sites operated by subcontractors.
Human Work Organization
The term human work organization refers to the way in which collective or individual human efforts are administered and organized, and to training policies designed to satisfy production requirements.
Supervision of forestry work is not easy, due to the constant relocation of worksites and the geographic dispersion of workers over multiple worksites. Production is controlled through indirect strategies, of which production bonuses and the maintenance of precarious employment status are probably the most insidious. This type of work organization does not favour good safety management, since it is easier to transmit information concerning safety guidelines and regulations than it is to ensure their application and evaluate their practical value and the extent to which they are understood. Managers and supervisors need to be clear that they have primary responsibility for safety. As can be seen in figure 2 the worker controls very few of the elements that determine safety performance.
Figure 2. Human factors have an impact on safety in forest work.
Regardless of the type of cut, work contracts are almost always negotiated individually, and are often of fixed or seasonal duration. This precarious work situation is likely to lead to a low priority being accorded to personal safety, since it is difficult to promote occupational safety in the absence of minimal guarantees of employment. In concrete terms, fellers or operators may find it difficult to work safely if this compromises the production goals upon which their employment depends. Longer-term contracts of guaranteed minimum volumes per year stabilize the workforce and increase safety.
Subcontracting the responsibility (and costs) for selected production activities to owner-operators is becoming more widespread in the forestry sector, as a result of mechanization and its corollary, work specialization (i.e., using a specific machine for tasks such as felling, pruning, felling-pruning and skidding).
Subcontracting may affect safety in several ways. In the first place, it should be recognized that subcontracting does not reduce safety hazards as such, but merely transfers them from the entrepreneur to the subcontractor. Secondly, subcontracting may also exacerbate certain hazards, since it stimulates production rather than safety-oriented behaviour. Subcontractors have in fact been observed to neglect some safety precautions, especially those related to preventive maintenance, training of new hires, the provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the promotion of its use, and the observance of safety rules. Finally, the responsibility for safety maintenance and management at worksites where subcontracting is practised is a judicial grey zone. It may even be difficult to determine the responsibility for declaring accidents to be work related. Work contracts should make compliance with safety regulations binding, include sanctions against offences, and assign responsibility for supervision.
The division of labour on forestry sites is often rigid and encourages specialization rather than flexibility. Task rotation is possible with conventional cutting, but is fundamentally dependent on team dynamics. Mechanized cutting, on the other hand, encourages specialization, although the technology itself (i.e., machine specialization) is not the sole cause of this phenomenon. Specialization is also encouraged by organizational factors (one operator per machine, shift work), geographic dispersion (remoteness of machines and cutting zones) and the fact that operators commonly own their machines.
Isolation and communication problems resulting from this division of labour may have serious consequences for safety, especially when they hamper the efficient circulation of information concerning imminent dangers or the occurrence of an incident or accident.
Work capacities of machines and workers need to be carefully matched and crews composed accordingly, to avoid overloading elements in the production chain. Shift schedules can be designed that maximize the use of expensive machines but give enough rest and variety of tasks to the operators.
Production-based pay scales
Forestry workers are frequently paid on a piece-work basis, which is to say that their salary is determined by their output (number of felled, pruned or transported trees, or some other index of productivity), not by its duration. For example, the rate which machine owners are paid for the use of their machines is proportional to their productivity. This type of pay scale, while not directly controlling workers, is notorious for stimulating production.
Production-based pay scales may encourage high work rates and the recourse to unsafe work practices during production and short-cuts in maintenance and repair operations. Practices like these persist because they save time, even though they ignore established safety guidelines and the risks involved. The greater the production incentive, the more safety is compromised. Workers paid on the basis of production have been observed to suffer more accidents, as well as different types of accidents, than hourly-paid workers performing the same type of work. Piece rates and prices for contracts need to be adequate for safe execution and acceptable working hours. (For a recent empirical study in Germany, see Kastenholz 1996.)
Work schedules
In the forest, long daily and weekly work schedules are the norm, since worksites and cutting zones are remote, work is seasonal, and the often difficult climatic and environmental factors encourage workers to work as long as possible. Other factors encouraging longer work schedules include production incentives (pay scales, subcontracting) and the possibility of using certain machines on a continuous basis (i.e., without stopping at night).
Long work schedules often result in decreased vigilance and a loss of sensory acuity, both of which may have effects on individual and collective safety. These problems are aggravated by the rarity and brevity of rest periods. Planned breaks and maximum working hours should be observed. Ergonomic research demonstrates that output can actually be increased that way.
There can be no doubt that forestry work is physically and mentally demanding. The skill level required is continually increasing, as a result of technological advances and the growing complexity of machines. Prior and onsite training of forestry workers are therefore very important. Training programmes should be based on clearly defined objectives and reflect the actual work to be performed. The more the training programmes' content corresponds to actual working conditions and the greater the integration of safety and production concerns, the more useful the programmes will be, both individually and collectively. Effective training programmes not only reduce material losses and production delays but also avoid additional safety hazards. For guidance on training, see "Skills and training" in this chapter.
The safety of forestry work is determined by factors related to work organization, and technical and human aspects of work organization may disrupt the equilibrium between production goals and safety. The influence of each individual factor on occupational safety will of course vary from setting to setting, but their combined effect will always be significant. Furthermore, their interaction will be the prime determinant of the degree to which prevention is possible.
It should also be noted that technological developments do not, in and of themselves, eliminate all hazards. Design criteria for machines should take into account their safe operation, maintenance and repair. Finally, it appears that some increasingly widespread management practices, especially subcontracting, may exacerbate rather than reduce safety hazards.
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Forestry Additional Resources
Forestry References
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Apud, E and S Valdés. 1995. Ergonomics in Forestry—The Chilean Case. Geneva: ILO.
Banister, E, D Robinson, and D Trites. 1990. Ergonomics of Tree Planting. Canada–British Columbia Forest Resources Development Agreement, FRDA Report 127. Victoria, BC: FRDA.
Brown, GW. 1985. Forestry and Water Quality. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University (OSU) Book Stores Inc.
Chen, KT. 1990. Logging Accidents—An Emerging Problem. Sarawak, Malaysia: Occupational Health Unit, Medical Department.
Dummel, K and H Branz. 1986. "Holzernteverfahren," Schriften Reihefdes Bundesministers für Ernätrung, Handwirtschaft und Forsten. Reihe A: Landwirtschafts verlag Münster-Hiltrup.
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Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. 1992. Introduction to Ergonomics in Forestry in Developing Countries. Forestry Paper 100. Rome:FAO.
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—. 1996. FAO Model Code of Forest Harvesting Practice. Rome: FAO.
FAO/ECE/ILO. 1989. Impact of Mechanization of Forest Operations on the Soil. Proceedings of a seminar, Louvain-la-neuve, Belgium, 11–15 September. Geneva: FAO/ECE/ILO Joint Committee on Forest Technology, Management and Training.
—. 1991. The Use of Pesticides in Forestry. Proceedings of a seminar, Sparsholt, UK, 10–14 September 1990.
—. 1994. Soil, Tree, Machine Interactions, FORSITRISK. Proceedings of an interactive workshop and seminar, Feldafiraf, Germany, 4–8 July. Geneva: FAO/ECE/ILO Joint Committee on Forest Technology, Management and Training.
—. 1996a. Manual on Acute Forest Damage. UN/ECE/ FAO discussion papers ECE/TIM/DP/7, New York and Geneva: Joint FAO/ECE/ILO Committee on Forest Technology, Management and Training.
—. 1996b. Skills and Training in Forestry—Results of a Survey of ECE Member Countries. Geneva: FAO/ECE/ILO Joint Committee on Forest Technology, Management and Training.
FAO/ILO. 1980. Chainsaws in Tropical Forests. Forest Training Series No. 2. Rome: FAO.
Gellerstedt, S. 1993. Work and Health in Forest Work. Göteborg: Chalmers University of Technology.
Giguère, D, R Bélanger, J-M Gauthier, and C Larue. 1991. Étude préliminaire du travail de reboisement. Rapport IRSST B-026. Montreal: IRSST.
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Haile, F. 1991. Women Fuelwood Carriers in Addis Ababa and the Peri-urban Forest. Research on women in fuelwood transport in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ETH/88/MO1/IRDC and ETH/89/MO5/NOR. Project report. Geneva: ILO.
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Kanninen, K. 1986. The occurrence of occupational accidents in logging operations and the aims of preventive measures. In the proceedings of a seminar on occupational health and rehabilitation of forest workers, Kuopio, Finland, 3–7 June 1985. FAO/ECE/ILO Joint Committee on Forest Working Techniques and Training of Forest Workers.
Kastenholz, E. 1996. Sicheres Handeln bei der Holzernteuntersuchung von Einflüssen auf das Unfallgeschehen bei der Waldarbeit unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Lohnform. Doctoral dissertation. Freiburg, Germany: University of Freiburg.
Kantola, M and P Harstela. 1988. Handbook on Appropriate Technology for Forestry Operations in Developing Counties, Part 2. Forestry Training Programme Publication 19. Helsinki: National Board of Vocational Education.
Kimmins, H. 1992. Balancing Act—Environmental Issues in Forestry. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press.
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Lidén, E. 1995. Forest Machine Contractors in Swedish Industrial Forestry: Significance and Conditions during 1986–1993. Department of Operational Efficiency Report No. 195. Swedish University of Agricultural Science.
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Moos, H and B Kvitzau. 1988. Retraining of adult forest workers entering forestry from other occupation. In Proceedings of Seminar on the Employment of Contractors in Forestry, Loubières, France 26-30 September 1988. Loubiéres: FAO/ECE/ILO Joint Committee on Forest Work Techniques and Training of Forest Workers.
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—. 1993. Certificates of Competence in Chainsaw Operation. Warwickshire, United Kingdom: National Proficiency Tests Council and Scottish Skills Testing Service.
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Rodero, F. 1987. Nota sobre siniestralidad en incendios forestales. Madrid, Spain: Instituto Nacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza.
Saarilahti, M and A Asghar. 1994. Study on winter planting of chir pine. Research paper 12, ILO project, Pakistan.
Skoupy, A and R Ulrich. 1994. Dispersal of chain lubrication oil in one-man chain-saws. Forsttechnische Information 11:121–123.
Skyberg, K, A Ronneberg, CC Christensen, CR Naess-Andersen, HE Refsum, and A Borgelsen. 1992. Lung function and radiographic signs of pulmonary fibrosis in oil exposed workers in a cable manufacturing company: A follow up study. Brit J Ind Med 49(5):309–315.
Slappendel, C, I Laird, I Kawachi, S Marshal, and C Cryer. 1993. Factors affecting work-related injury among forestry workers: A review. J Saf Res 24:19–32.
Smith, TJ. 1987. Occupational characteristics of tree-planting work. Sylviculture Magazine II(1):12–17.
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Staudt, F. 1990. Ergonomics 1990. Proceedings P3.03 Ergonomics XIX World Congress IUFRO, Montreal, Canada, August 1990. The Netherlands: Department of Forestry, Section Forest Technique and Woodscience, Wageningen Agricultural University.
Stjernberg, EI. 1988. A Study of Manual Tree Planting Operations in Central and Eastern Canada. FERIC technical report TR-79. Montreal: Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada.
Stolk, T. 1989. Gebruiker mee laten kiezen uit persoonlijke beschermingsmiddelen. Tuin & Landschap 18.
Strehlke, B. 1989. The study of forest accidents. In Guidelines on Ergonomic Study in Forestry, edited by E Apud. Geneva: ILO.
Trites, DG, DG Robinson, and EW Banister. 1993. Cardiovascular and muscular strain during a tree planting season among British Columbian silviculture workers. Ergonomics 36(8):935–949.
Udo, ES. 1987. Working Conditions and Accidents in Nigerian Logging and Sawmilling Industries. Report for the ILO (unpublished).
Wettman, O. 1992. Securité au travail dans l'exploitation forestière en Suisse. In FAO/ECE/ILO Proceedings of Seminar on the Future of the Forestry Workforce, edited by FAO/ECE/ILO. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press.


This resource has not been updated since April 2008. It may not reflect current policy but still provides valuable practice guidance.
This report brings together resources and research about maintaining family ties for children of prisoners. It provides a review of literature from the past fifteen years as well as examples of practice from England, Scotland and Northern Ireland of what works to support children and their families.The findings highlight the negative impact parental imprisonment can have on children. This area of work cuts across a number of sectors and requires a multi-disciplinary readership and response if outcomes for this group of children are to be improved.
anyone else who might have a role to play in helping children maintain family ties, such as foster carers.
For some children it will not be appropriate or welcome to pursue contact with an imprisoned family member. This guide seeks to provide information and resources for professionals working with children who do want to maintain contact or where it is considered to be in the best interests of the child. In every situation, the safety and well-being of the child is paramount.
How will the guide benefit your practice?
supplying links and contacts to useful resources and organisations.
This report also provides the evidence base for the development of a set of training tools that will shortly become available. The e-learning materials will test your knowledge of facts and figures in relation to children of prisoners, take you through the pathway from arrest to release, and provide ideas and models for developing your practice. They also bring together all the available resources in one easy-to-use online filing cabinet. The materials will be useful for a variety of practitioners working in the social, education and criminal justice sectors.
Due to the ethical restraints on involving children in focus groups, children of prisoners were not asked for their views. However, studies and organisations that have worked with and addressed the views of prisoners' children have been researched.
In this report we do not look at the effect of sibling imprisonment. The research reviewed is restricted to effects linked to parents or carers in prison. This is an area for further research.
While it is acknowledged that there are several programmes under the Safer Communities Initiative, this initiative tends to focus upon the offender rather than the family, and so it is not within the remit of this project.


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by Sophia Jennifer
On The Particular Counsels Weird Prosecution Of Michael Sussmann
Former Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton is the goal of a conspiracy concept that claims she was arrested in New York by Navy SEALs appearing on former President Donald Trump's orders. The subreddit has hosted "Ask Me Anythings" of notable right-wing, conservative figures supportive of Trump including Scott Adams, Ann Coulter, Alex Jones, Helmut Norpoth, Curt Schilling, Peter Schweizer, Roger Stone, Milo Yiannopoulos, Tucker Carlson, and Corey Stewart. Furthermore, Trump himself hosted an AMA on the subreddit on July 27, 2016, which became one of r/The_Donald's most upvoted posts. Huffman says that tweets from @TEN_GOP on Twitter, a faux account run by Russians and masquerading as the Republican celebration of Tennessee, had been "amplified by hundreds of Reddit users." That's from just one Twitter account. There had been hundreds of Russian-controlled Twitter accounts tweeting Russian propaganda forward of the election. Democrat Hillary Clinton broke the proverbial glass ceiling this week when she secured enough delegates to turn into the first girl to win a serious party's presidential nomination.
Immediately afterwards, his apology was locked and deleted by the subreddit's moderators whereas the user deleted his Reddit account. CNN was accused by Julian Assange, Jack Posobiec, and Mark Dice of blackmailing the person, whereas the hashtag, #CNNBlackmail, trended on Twitter. Kaczynski responded by stating that his line was "misinterpreted" and that the person said that he was not threatened previous to his apology. In response to the controversy, ShadowMan3001, one of the moderators of the subreddit, told Kevin Roose of The New York Times that CNN's intent in possibly releasing the user's identity was "a obvious example of their absolute lack of not solely journalistic integrity, however basic morality".
The default federal felony statute of limitations is 5 years, and that default limit applies to many laptop offenses — as the Department of Justice itself notes in its own pc crimes handbook. Under that standard, conduct which occurred in 2016 can't be prosecuted in 2022 until an exception applies. One exception is a case where proof exists in a international country and where an investigative grand jury has been empaneled within the United States to type by way of it. A courtroom would have to approve a request to override the statute of limitations.
Nachman Helbrans and Mayer Rosner have been sentenced to 12 years in jail for baby sexual exploitation offenses and kidnapping. Zackary Ellis Sanders of Mclean has been sentenced to 18 years in jail for producing, receiving, and possessing baby sexual abuse materials. Henry Douglas Hitchcock, a local photographer with a historical past of intercourse offenses, has been sentenced to 18 years in prison for possessing child pornography.
R/The_Donald was largely inactive by the point it had closed as a result of many customers flocking to a model new web site, theDonald.win. After the Christchurch mosque shootings in March 2019, users of r/The_Donald posted messages to the subreddit that justified the capturing and violence in opposition to Muslims. When requested for comment, a Reddit spokesperson acknowledged that Reddit had strengthened its hate speech and violence policies over the past a quantity of years.
Reddit customers tried to tie the murder to prior "Clinton Body Count" conspiracy theories. TheDonald.win was among the many platforms used to plan the 2021 United States Capitol attack. According to a January sixteen, 2021 report from the Wall Street Journal, Epik had threatened to take TheDonald.win offline over the forum failing to remove white supremacist, racist, and violent content. Williams had struggled to moderate the discussion board's racist, antisemitic, and violent posts over the prior months, and some of TheDonald.win's volunteer moderators had responded by thwarting Williams's efforts to take down the violent and objectionable content on the forum. Williams and his household had also obtained daily dying threats from the users he banned from the discussion board. Other content shared was crucial of cops or US politics normally.
The filmmakers emailed an announcement to THR vowing to launch the film on schedule. D'Souza was in San Diego working on his subsequent movie and guide, each to be referred to as America, when he was knowledgeable he was about to be indicted and that he should fly to New York and switch himself in to authorities. The indictment got here late Thursday, based on these with knowledge of the state of affairs. Molen says D'Souza is being singled out for "an alleged minor violation" in the identical way the IRS reportedly targeted conservative Tea Party teams for retribution.
In complete, only seven highly influential accounts, with a karma score over 10,000, went undetected prior to Reddit's current investigation in Russian exploitation of the platform. The IRA is the Russian "troll farm" based in St. Petersburg that the FBI and the Robert Mueller investigation charges with spreading misinformation and propaganda geared toward influencing the 2016 U.S. presidential election. ABC News' Dan Harris visits one of many Russian "troll factories" indicted by the special counsel for meddling in the U.S. election.
Members of Unit also conspired to hack into the computer systems of state boards of elections, secretaries of state, and US corporations that equipped software and other technology associated to the administration of elections to steal voter data saved on those computers. Insiders say D'Souza has been pals with Long since they attended Dartmouth College collectively within the early 1980s. According to the indictment, D'Souza donated $20,000 to Long's campaign by aggregating the money [pii_email_908751f8efcfe77962c1] from numerous individuals and falsely reporting the supply of the funds. But Gerald Molen, a co-producer of 2016, says the cost is politically motivated. Schwartz, who pled not responsible when she was indicted in September, appeared in Wayne County superior courtroom on Tuesday, where she waived her proper to a jury and obtained a bench trial. A month ago, Reddit's CEO said the company had shut down a "few hundred" Russian troll accounts, however his publish on Tuesday signifies that the service continues to uncover extra.
Baker is an individual of the best integrity, and if he informed the grand jury that Sussmann informed him he was operating on behalf of no consumer and that Baker felt misled by that, I really have little question that is an accurate account of his memory. My level, rather, is that a protection lawyer has an unlimited quantity of grist here to attack. And a Washington, D.C., jury isn't a pleasant audience before which to prosecute a lawyer who introduced materials about Donald Trump to the FBI. Even the meeting with the opposite agency doesn't cleanly corroborate the allegation that Sussmann lied to Baker.
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Africa Union says AMISOM faces financial constraints
Africa Union troops which have launched a major onslaught on al Qaida allied group, Al- Shabaab in Somalia are facing a serious financial crisis that may jeopardize its operations to wipe out the militia in the Horn of Africa nation.
AU Deputy chairperson Erastus Mwencha said the AU Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)'s venture into Horn of Africa is expensive affair and appealed for more international aid to enable the troops complete their mandate of pacifying the country.
Mwencha who was speaking during African Leadership Conference in Kenya's port city of Mombasa late on Monday said the pan African body spends about 45 million U.S. dollars per month.
"In the last three years we have spent 300 million dollars to send troops, armored trucks and tanks, backed by helicopters, into Somalia to mutilate terrorism groups operating in the war tone country of Somalia," he said.
According to AMISOM, Kenya has contributed troops comprising of air force, Navy and Army troops and have concentrated to the pacification efforts in central and lower Juba part of Somalia also known as sector two.
The other troop contributing nations include Uganda, Burundi, Djibouti and Sierra Leone for the over 17,000 strong force.
Mwencha said the current level of funding was shot enough although the pan African body continues to get support from UN Security Council and European Union and other friendly countries.
Kenya Defense Forces (KDF) formally joined the enlarged AMISOM on June at a ceremony held at the Kenyan Department of Defense headquarters in the capital Nairobi.
During the ceremony, a total of 4,664 Kenyan personnel were integrated into AMISOM, bringing the AU peacekeeping force's strength to slightly over 17,000 troops out of a total authorized strength of 17,731.
The re-hatting comes in the wake of the latest terrorist attack blamed on Somalia based Al-Shabaab that killed 17 people and injured more than 65 others on Sunday in northern Kenya.
Kenya's integration into the continental force was officially solemnized through the change from Kenyan flag to the AU flag.
Mwencha noted that the major goal of the AU troops was to flash out al Qaida-affiliated extremists based in Somalia which pose a significant threat not just to Somalia but to other countries in the region, including Kenya.
"We have made significant progress since our incursion in Somalia by cutting Al-Shabaab relief supplies and recaptured key stronghold towns and will not surrender," Mwencha vowed.
Kismayo, the strategic hub for Al-Shabaab operations, has been a target for the Kenyan troops, who make up the AU contingent in the south of the country, since they entered Somalia last October.
The third annual Africa governance conference is being held in Kenyan city of Mombasa where African leaders are discussing leadership and governance in Africa.
Meanwhile, former Nigerian president Olusegun Obasanjo pointed out poor governance as among the impediment facing development in African continent for many decades now.
Obasanjo told delegates in the conference that many African states cannot achieve their UN Millennium Development Goals by 2015 due to poor governance.
"The recently launched 2012 annual report on African progress panel indicates that almost a half of Africans still live on less than 1.25 dollars per day," Obasanjo told the participants.
He said that plans tot reduce child mortality and material death as well as increase access to education were off track.
The ex-Nigerian leader said that the continent has continued to witness a rapid population growth that required proper planning to sustain the increasing numbers.
"The demographic bulge as it exists is a time bomb if adequate and right investments are not made in education, skill acquisition and job creation. Young people's vibrant and energetic abilities must be capacitated and channeled into positive activities," Obasanjo told participants at the forum.
In a speech read on his behalf by Public Service Minister Dalmas Otieno, President Mwai Kibaki told African leaders to invest in youths to become globally competitive in terms of human capital.
He said by February, the country's Youth Enterprise Development Fund had disbursed 70 million dollars to small and medium enterprises run by the youth in Kenya. The fund had also trained over 200,000 youths in entrepreneurship.
In a statement read on his behalf by Public Service Minister Dalmas Otieno, Kibaki said African youths must be equipped with the necessary skills to move the continent to the next level.
Kibaki called on African governments to invest in their youth to enable them create skilled labor force that will give the continent competitive advantage.
He said it was high time Africa stopped signing the stereotypes and start implementing actual pragmatic steps that will make a difference in the development of the continent in whichever way we ascribe to.
"Despite remarkable trends in economic growth, one of the main challenges that African countries now face is that of inadequate job creation for our school leavers," Kibaki said.
Mogadishu residents revive old traditions after al-Shabaab's ousting - Sabahi
First pirate-free month in five years in Somalia - Telegraph
Kenya jails seven Somalis to 20 years for piracy - Reuters
Diplomat to start Somalia's first stock market - Reuters
Somalia's constitution makes a promise to children not possible to keep, at least for now - AP
Dahabshiil celebrates Ramadan with donation of livestock to Somali hospitals - Africa Business
Somali media outlets condemn attacks on journalists - Sabahi Online
INTERVIEW: Somaliland's vice president on drought - IRIN
UN Slams Media Reports As Somalis Strike Key Deal To End Transition - LN
Kenyan military says border security stepped up over Somali clashes - Xinhua
Kenya marks 14 years since US embassy blast - Capital FM
City mosque official on terror charge - Daily Nation
Kenya to build $21 mln port security system - Reuters
Al-Shabaab attempts to terrorise Kenyans with online magazine - Sabahi Online
Somali airspace routinely violated by foreign UAVs and other aircraft – UN - defenceWeb
Reliant on Ethiopia, Somali Officials Struggle to Fill Void - AFP


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In addition to being beautifully decorative, the wrought iron fireplace screen provides safety and security by preventing stray sparks and ashes from escaping your fireplace. Iron fireplace screens allow you to fully enjoy the heat, light, and sounds of a natural fire without worrying about the risk of stray sparks and ashes. Many sizes and styles are available.
Early history describes indoor heating coming from an open pit in the center of the floor where families gathered around to keep warm and cook. In the 1700s, Count Rumford designed the above ground firebox for indoor use. It provided the fire more airflow and reflected greater heat out of the front. Fireplace screens were invented to help regulate how much heat was coming from the fire and prevent sparks from igniting the floor. When the firebox was not being utilized, the screen helped hide the grate and manage drafts from the chimney. The earliest fireplace screens were made from wicker, wood, leather and paper mache. All materials were attached to two end frames, holding them securely. As years passed, families started decorating the screens as part of a home's decor.
Accenting a fireplace is a home interior decorator's dream. There are so many styles and themes that arise from this amazing focal point that creativity flows naturally. Due to the fireplace screen's prominence, it's one of the most sought after design pieces. As an object that is designed for both function and beauty, choosing hand-forged wrought iron as the material makes perfect sense. Families want decor that is durable and will last for years. Throwaway accents are a thing of the past and individuals are willing to pay more for long-lasting items. Wrought iron has stood the test of time and is still found today in older Victorian homes and plantations. Hand-crafted by skilled blacksmiths, this metal holds its natural luster with very little maintenance. A wrought iron fireplace screen can endure daily usage and still last for generations.
Build a complete hearth ensemble with a wrought iron fireplace tool set and firewood holder.


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Federal Laws Related to Permanency
Federal laws and policies outline and provide guidance to States on the permanency planning requirements for children and youth served by child welfare agencies. The following resources address Federal laws that affect the permanency process in child welfare.
About ICWA
National Indian Child Welfare Association
Discusses the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, including requirements of the law. The resource also provides links to recent guidelines and Federal regulations related to the legislation.
Child Welfare Legislative History
U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Ways and Means (2011)
Describes legislative history related to the development of programs currently authorized under titles IV-B and IV-E of the Social Security Act.
Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act
North American Council on Adoptable Children (2017)
Explores the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008 and discusses the impacts of the legislation, including how the law enhances adoption incentives, enables States to receive Federal funds for guardians, and promotes family connections.
Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA) of 1978 (25 U.S.C. §§ 1901-63) (PDF - 216 KB)
Tribal Court Clearinghouse
Provides the text of ICWA, which protects the best interests and promotes the stability and security of Indian children and families.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Children's Bureau (2018)
Lists Federal child welfare legislation that has played a role ensuring safety, permanency, and well-being for children and youth.
Leveraging the Family First Prevention Services Act to Improve Use of Title IV-E GAP (PDF - 1,720 KB)
FamilyFirstAct.org
Describes the Family First Prevention Services Act of 2018 and how the law has implications for connecting children to relative caregivers and promoting permanency through guardianship. The document reviews how States and Tribes operating a Federal title IV-E Guardianship Assistance Program can use the law to strengthen and promote their programs.
Promoting Safe and Stable Families (PDF - 301 KB)
Capacity Building Center for States
Explains the Promoting Safe and Stable Families program, which seeks to prevent child maltreatment, enable children to remain safety at home with their families, and ensure permanency for children in foster care. The program enables States and Tribes to operate a coordinated program of community-based services to achieve its goals.
Public Law 105-89 – Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 (PDF - 213 KB)
U.S. Government Printing Office (1997)
Describes an act that promotes timely permanency planning and placement for children in foster care and the importance of children's safety and well-being during the permanency process.
Public Law 110-351 – Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008
Provides the full text of the Fostering Connections to Success and Increasing Adoptions Act of 2008, which amended parts B and E of title IV of the Social Security Act to connect and support relative caregivers, improve outcomes for children in foster care, provide for Tribal foster care and adoption access, and to improve incentives for adoption.
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Since I was a child like any other kids then, Sponge Bob Squarepants was one of my favorite cartoon shows and character too. This year, Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies partnered to produce a film entitled "The Sponge Bob Movie: Sponge out of Water". This movie talks about a pirate who stole the secret formula of the well-known Crabby Patties and how SpongeBob and his friends did to recover it. As I continuously watched the film, I was shocked that Illuminati's are part in the making of this film.
Sponge Bob and Plankton created a Time machine to travel backwards in time to get again the missing secret formula but when they tried it, the time machine portlets them in a mysterious place.
(Picture 1.1) The mysterious place that SpongeBob and Plankton teleported through the help of the time machine.


There Are No Sunglasses is the work of writer/activist, Peter Chamberlin. Peter is 60 years old and a lifelong resident of Southern Ohio. One-year of community college (3 decades ago, majoring in art and writing), lifelong antiwar and anti-nuclear activist, he was an op-ed contributor for several years to the Huntington Herald-Dispatch. After publication of hundreds of letters-to-editors in multiple newspapers in the Midwest, Peter started No Sunglasses in July 2008.
Curiosity brought be back, I am Mira .. Rosie is my childhood nick name.. I a 66 years old .. & religious after my own fashion.
Endure is a big space to be in .. I believe because I was born into a Roman Catholic family & efficiently & effectively indoctrinated .. but God gave me a brain & I began to question as soon as I was able .. not the priests & nuns .. nor my parents .. I was not entirely stupid you see.
Besides .. the only way you can argue a point with a believer is to come at them with religion .. as an atheist they say you are possessed by the devil & you are dismissed.
Richard Dawkins is a perfect example .. watch how he behaves in the presence of someone with faith or of the faith .. he presents as riddled with demonicness.
So you are 60 today or were 60 in 2008 !
without investigating it for themselves.
thought that you would appreciate learning about Jerry Brunetti if not already aware. Jerry cured himself of stage 4 lymphoma and is an agronomist in Pa where he has fabulous insights into the connection between soil and health. In the health and education tab at his website you can download powerpoint's from his lectures, (for free) this gives the opportunity to decide if you want to pay him for various lectures. I have all of them (last time I checked) 'Cows Consciousness and Cancer' is excellent.


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Q: "Run and forget" a link from javascript I'm working on a site that will keep a track of when user enters a page and how long he's there (or to be more specific, when he leaves)
I have set up a node server and I would like to run the action there, but the question is irrelevant to node itself, it's a javascript related question.
My goal is to have javascript call a certain method with specific parameters and then forget about that. However, I would like to avoid ajax if possible, I know I could do it with ajax, but I think that's an overkill and I'm not sure even if ajax would work on a node server.
What I'm looking at is something like
*User opens web page
*Javascript runs the script, let's say.
Run("http://server.com/User/EnteredPage/IDOFUSER");
and when the user closes the page
Run("http://server.com/User/LeftPage/IDOFUSER");
Point is.. I don't need anything from that call, I just want the javascript to run it, to save the data I need and that's it.

A: HTTP is stateless. The browser asks for a resource. The server gives the browser the resource. The end.
The request is done and dealt with. There is no further communication about that request so the server doesn't know when the visitor has left the page that it served up. If you want to know that, then you need another request to tell the server about it.
The problem with that approach is that the visitor might leave the page by:

*

*Quitting their browser entirely

*Running out of battery

*Getting disconnected from the network

… so you can't reliably send a new request when the user leaves the page.
So the best you can do is to have the browser tell the server that the user hasn't left yet (you could do this with Ajax or (potentially more efficiently) WebSockets).
Combine this with a timer based action on the server that tests how long it has been since the visitor's browser last sent an I'm still here message and use that to call your visitor has left function.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Not that I sit around cackling at the idea of middle aged billionaires groveling for money, but, true or false: there's something mildly amusing about the idea of a man who has pinchers where, anatomically speaking, hands should be, down on his crab hands and knees, begging for some clams?
Is That Guy Whose Company's Stock Is Set To Be Priced Tonight A Big Jerk?
Stephen Schwarzman: "Private Equity Is Misunderstood And So Am I" [whispering] "The Only People Who Truly Get Me Are My Crabs"


The Gateshead Leadershup Academy (GLA) Launch recently took place during October Half Term with an outwardboud residential at Gibside Chapel (National Trust). 36 students from 6 Gateshead Secondary Schools are lucky enough to have been accepted into the programme this year and attended the launch event.
Students were so successful at the various orienteering tasks that our delivery partner BOutdoors even agreed to provide them all with an accrediated Young Orienteering Award.
In addition to the GLA activity programme, this event was dovetailed with a cross-curricular programme operated at Whickham School & Sports College called 'Food Leaders'. This involved 4 students (under supervision) to operate the residential centre as a mini 'hotel' providing a full menu and catering for approximately 40 people over 2 days (including a 3 course meal on the evening of day 1) - an outstanding achievement for which they will be recognised!


Look at the happy eyes of this lovely fairy! Tomorrow she will marry the handsome Elf Prince! Their wedding is going to be full of magic, because all the magical creatures will come to the party. Will you make our fairy's wedding more special by picking the best outfits for bride and groom? Play Fairy Wedding at Baby Games!Fairy Wedding is a very fun game!
All the best baby games are free,click and play our Fairy Wedding at baby games online,enjoy it!


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Rob Natelson on the Roe v Wade Case before the Supreme Court
Peter Christian Published: December 6, 2021
photo by Peter Christian
Last week, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments for and against the Dobbs vs the Jackson Women's Health Organization after the state of Mississippi had passed a law banning abortion after the 15th week of pregnancy.
Former University of Montana Law Professor and current Constitutional Fellow at the Independence Institute, Rob Natelson, was on the KGVO Talk Back show on Monday and answered questions on the issue, first addressing the Roe v Wade decision itself.
"Roe versus Wade is one of the flimsiest decisions as a matter of constitutional law that has ever been decided by the court," said Natelson. "It's widely recognized as such not just by pro life scholars, but by pro choice scholars, as well. It is based upon erroneous history and a very expansive reading of a clause well beyond its original meaning. And so as I said its flimsy, but still you've got three justices on the court, almost certainly who are going to vote to retain it."
Natelson called into question the additions placed on the Roe v Wade decision.
"In 1992, the court muddied Roe versus Wade further by applying something called the 'undue burden standard'," he said. "It said that abortion can be regulated so long as an undue burden is not put upon a woman's right to abortion. So one hypothesis is that the court could adopt an undue burden standard and say, 'Well, women have a right to abortion, but by 15 weeks, they should know whether they're pregnant, and so it's reasonable for Mississippi to put in the 15 week, cut off'."
Natelson cast forward on the possible repercussions of what may happen if Roe v Wade was overturned by the Supreme Court.
"If the opponents of Roe versus Wade win this, it's not like abortion suddenly becomes illegal nationwide," he said "The battle isn't between abortion being legal nationwide and illegal nationwide. The battle is between abortion being legal nationwide or allowing the states through their state legislatures to regulate it."
Natelson offered his opinion on how the Montana Supreme Court might decide if Roe v Wade was overturned.
"Given the current Montana Supreme Court, it's certainly very possible that the Montana Supreme Court could say that abortion is protected under the Montana right to privacy." He said. "One way or another, I think that the current liberal Montana Supreme Court would probably keep abortion legal in Montana."
Click the link to hear the entire conversation on Talk Back with Rob Natelson.
Here are the top 25 hits of the '80s based on their overall popularity.
Filed Under: Rob Natelson, Roe v Wade, Talk Back


$99.56 Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Yukon kinetic recovery rope - 3/4"
$159.56 Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Yukon kinetic recovery rope - 7/8"
*3/4" kinetic rope - 20 feet long *Soft shackle *Two D-rings *One pair of gloves *Storage bag *Kinetic design increase pulling capacity by up to 30% *Rated to 19,000 lbs.
*7/8" kinetic rope - 30 feet long *Soft shackle *Two D-rings *One pair of gloves *Storage bag *Kinetic design increases pulling capacity by up to 30% *Rope rated to 28,000 lbs.
Yukon kinetic recovery rope - 3/4"
Yukon kinetic recovery rope - 7/8"


"Andrew Jones and Contis Davis,an architect and urban planner, not leaders in tother community struggles, propoosed the Greater Roxbury Incorporation Project (GRIP), which would carve out a separate municipality from the Roxbury area, to be named 'Mandela.'"
A strand of community developers in Boston and Chicago and beyond believed that expanding the control of community governance over what goes on in neighborhoods and businesses was critical for sustainable development. It took the form of the first generation of CDCs, eminent domain for land and factories, mandated neighborhood councils, and Mandela.
These approaches didn't prove successful, replicable, or even able to win sufficient adherents in the first place. Progressive local governments were doing well if they could get linkage or first source or individual project agreements that specified and directed benefits. Yet, this idea of local control, slowing leakage, stability, etc remain key aspirations.
Today, this approach is evident in the worker coops linked to anchor institutions in Cleveland and the broader movement to build a local green economy. Here the guiding ideas relate to building on local resources that won't go away -- and using business forms rooted in community.


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Please remember that computer monitors vary. Colours and contrast may slightly differ. There also might be a slight difference between the colours seen on your monitor and the printed ones.
Information about this artwork?  Email us at info@gallerypiccolo.co.uk
Square Rainbow Elephants, small print by Raph Thomas
Small Open Edition Framed Prints by Raph Thomas
Please note, this artwork is already framed, in a choice of white or black.
This print is also available personalised.
12cm x 12cm animal prints in 30cm x 30cm x 5cm frames with perspex
£5 UK mainland 3-5 working days
£12.95 Overseas 5-7 working days
Returns and refunds within 14 days. Please view our website for our full returns and refunds policy.
Information about the artist
Raph Thomas is a young artist and illustrator based in South-West London. He studied for his Foundation Diploma in Art & Design in Kingston before completing a degree in Ancient History. He has exhibited in London regularly since 2012. In 2016 he became a featured artist on degreeart.com. Originally specializing in textural abstracts, Raph has more recently moved onto figurative work. His ʻBird' series, which is ongoing, is inspired by travels in the tropics and an interest in natural history; he employs bright colours and portrait-like compositions to capture the vivacity of nature. His illustrations often make use of complex, layered compositions. Raph is represented by 1of1 Design for whom he has also provided designs for textile, cards and home-ware ranges. He has undertaken many commissions and his work is in private and corporate collections in UK, Europe and USA.
View all work by this artist
https://www.gallerypiccolo.co.uk/raph-thomas
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How did you decide on which color schemes to use to differentiate between the worlds?
On the other side … things are a lot more clinical and slightly cooler — and more medical and sterile. As opposed to our side, which is a lot warmer and familiar. It became earth versus cooler tones in a very subtle way when it came to wardrobe, lights, everything.
How hard is that to light without getting repetitive?
Even though it's kind of a thriller with a science-fiction twist, we wanted it to feel like this is really happening. The mantra was always realism. …For me, it was always about the honesty of the photography — that's where I really found my interest. How does the light within a scene feel honest all the time?
How does one actor playing dual roles affect your job?
The ultimate goal is to be able to feel like they're actually two separate people. You don't always want to be restricted with a wide shot and a split screen so that you kind of see there's all this space between. You want to have the two characters interact. You want to have camera movement that might go around [one] actor and end up around another so that it feels very much, in a subtle way, that you're photographing a scene that has two people. …Pace was an enormous challenge because you were shooting something that was supposed to be happening right in front of you, but sometimes it would take hours between the two sides.
What was your relationship like with director of photography Martin Ruhe?
It was important for us to be able to tag-team and have this one concise concept. …[Also] because all 10 episodes were written from the very beginning, you're able to read the whole thing and design it like a long film.


The research project summarized in this article was conducted as part of the requirements for degree of MSc Computer Science at Nottingham Trent University in the UK. For this project, I created an Open Wonderland Chatbot Module.
A chatbot is a virtual character that simulates an intelligent conversation with humans. The main purpose of this project was to extend Open Wonderland's non-player character (NPC) functionality to interact with human avatars. The chatbot is embedded in a virtual campus simulated learning environment (see screenshots of the virtual campus). The main purpose of the chatbot is to communicate or guide users to solve their problems.
Virtual campus in which chatbot is integrated.
Here is an example of an integrated chatbot window in which a user has engaged in a conversation with the chatbot from inside Open Wonderland.
While chatbots can be used to simulate conversations that convince people the bot is a real person, they can also be used as an advanced search engine to retrieve factual knowledge for users.
Initially, my intention was to develop a basic conversational agent program which could perform keyword-matching to scan for user inputs and generate replies. In the final project, however, I instead integrated a highly developed existing artificial intelligence engine. This engine is based on ALICE (Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer Entity) which uses an AIML-based (Artificial Intelligence Markup Language) interpreter to query and retrieve information. To integrate this technology into Open Wonderland, I experimented with both a Java-based AIML interpreter known as Program-D and a web-based AIML interpreter called Pandorabots. I ended up using Pandorabots for the Chatbot module prototype.
Pandorabots uses the XML-RPC (remote procedure call) communication protocol. It uses XML to encode data, and it works by sending an HTTP request to the server. A client can interact with Pandorabots using a Bot ID. The main advantage of using Pandorabots is that it is easy for users to create and add knowledge to their chatbots by uploading AIML files.
The diagram below illustrates where the Chatbot module fits into the structure of the Virtual Campus once it is complete.
As envisioned, the Virtual Campus will include seven buildings covering many disciplines including business, arts, technology, team collaboration, socializing room, student club, and student service. Students will be able to get virtual resources from various specialized virtual departments and directly obtain relevant information easily. The Virtual Campus will also include non-academic rooms for entertainment.
The chatbot functionality will be used throughout the Virtual Campus as an automated guide or instructor, able to interact with students to solve their problems. The AIML integration will allow us to interface with a variety of additional knowledge bases, such as WolframAlpha and DBpedia, allowing students to retrieve information from the chatbot without leaving the virtual world environment.
A big advantage of using Open Wonderland is that it is a great multi-user virtual environment engine that provides many functionalities and in-world applications that students and lecturers can utilize in the Virtual Campus. A well organized virtual campus can be the most efficient way for students and lecturers to collaborate. To support this collaboration, we are planning to use the PDF viewer, an in-world web browser, the Microsoft Office document viewer, text-chat, VOIP audio, webcam video integration, the Screen Sharer and VNC Viewer for desktop sharing, NetBeans for programming projects, in-world music players, wall posters, and the multi-user white board for discussions and sketching. These tools, embedded in the virtual world, are similar to desktop-based applications.
I have also made the source code for the Chatbot module available, as well as the 3D models used to create the Virtual Campus.