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Alson Hatheway was born and raised in Laguna Beach where he attended the local public school (there was only one, back then), played sports (football, basketball and baseball), surfed and generally bummed around (which had not as yet become a disrespectful term). He graduated in 1953 and enrolled at Orange Coast College in the fall to major in chemistry. He rowed on the crew which was then in its third year at the college. In 1956 he rowed stroke in the college's cox-with-four shell and the team competed in the Olympic trials that year at Syracuse, New York. A change of academic major to mechanical engineering added a third year to his junior college career.
He completed his mechanical engineering studies at the University of California, Berkeley, earning a Bachelor of Science in January of 1959. At Berkeley he was a member of Phi Delta Theta and rowed on the crew, earning a junior varsity letter, under the legendary crew coach, Ky Ebright.
On graduation he accepted a position with Boeing in Seattle, arriving mid-winter 1959. He had the distinction of working on the end of the B-52 production line (models G and H) and the beginning of the Minuteman production line. After completely missing the summertime's of 1959 and 1960 (they come and go very quickly in Seattle) he returned to Orange County and settled in Newport Beach, taking a design engineering position at Aeronutronic.
In 1966 Mr. Hatheway decided to pursue his interests in optical instruments and systems more seriously and joined the Xerox Corporation at a subsidiary called Electro-Optical Systems (EOS) in Pasadena. He hired into the organization as the manager of Mechanical Engineering and was soon involved in the design of night vision sets, specialty lasers, high intensity illumination systems and a variety of "optical" countermeasures for the military.
In Pasadena he discovered morning sun (the beaches are always gloomy in the morning), enjoyed the cultural life of the city and met and married Robin (nee Lewis) Hatheway (advice to young men: be careful from whom you buy furniture). He also enjoyed the small company environment that EOS fostered, which as it turned out was a portent, and the couple bought their first house.
In 1972 he accepted an offer from Hughes Aircraft's Electro-Optics Division in Culver City and he and Robin moved to Manhattan Beach. He was a section head serving both the Tactical Systems and the Strategic Systems Laboratories (under Stan Novak and Don Anderson, respectively). Mr. Hatheway was busy attempting to package space sensors with 50 meter apertures, Sam Williams presented the "Walrus" to DARPA and George Speak celebrated it in song and rhyme ("The Ode to the Walrus").
Eventually, family ties and cultural issues brought the Hatheways back to Pasadena in 1975 where their son, Jason, was born in 1976. Mr. Hatheway continued to commute for a year to Culver City but eventually (late 1976) he accepted a position with Gould Inc., which was closer (El Monte) to home (Pasadena). He had also resolved to open his own engineering office. In 1978 the couple's daughter, Teale, was born.
In January of 1979 he filed articles of incorporation for Alson E. Hatheway Inc. and in February entered the ranks of the gainfully unemployed, knocking on doors, calling on the phone, writing correspondence and generally getting the business going. In his passion to work in a small company he had created the ultimate small company: no time cards, no weekly status reports, no management guidelines, no "policy" to enforce, no organization chart to revise, no organizational turf wars. He had only to satisfy the teeth of the market and the rage of the investors. It was, and remains, wonderful!
In 1980 Mr. Hatheway joined the Optical Society of Southern California, on Darryl Gustafson's advice, and found the experience exhilarating. In 1981 he was Program Chairman under Dick Altman and had the thrill of inviting Marjorie Minel and her husband to address us. Also Sam Pellicori on "The Shroud of Turin" and Frank Plummer {but you had to see the charts ("What's a waxicon? Why, its two of these [an axicon]")}.
As he worked his way through the offices of the OSSC in the mid-80s he was also helping the SPIE setup a long format (two or more days, full time) tutorial format called the "Engineering Update Series." The Update Series was introduced in Los Angeles during SPIE's January meeting here and the OSSC (Ivan Field, Ed Hagerott, Bob Chamberlain) were instrumental in the success of the SPIE venture. The Update Series was eventually folded into the SPIE's tutorial program but for a few years SPIE donated about $1000 annually to OSSC in recognition of their support.
Mr. Hatheway acceded to the office of President of OSSC in 1986 amid a flurry of interest in moving the meeting around, not necessarily to abandon the Cockatoo Inn (remember?) but to attempt to serve other corners of the "empire" as well (regular attendees came from both Santa Barbara and Carlsbad). Moving the meetings around seemed to change some of the faces (the die-hard kept coming anyway) but the numbers were about the same everywhere, 20 to 30 dinners.
Following his tenure as Past-President, and having presided over the nominating committee, Mr. Hatheway was invited by the Board, under Lonnie Hoyle, President, to chair a committee that would define a new "Fellows" position in OSSC. The initial Fellows inducted by OSSC were the visionaries who in 1959 founded the organization and later applied to the Optical Society of America. In 1989 Mr. Hatheway was awarded recognition for his chairmanship of the Fellows Committee and the certificate hangs proudly in his office.
Outside the OSSC activities, Mr. Hatheway has had an opportunity, working with many OSSC members, to develop his ideas about optomechanics: precision mechanics, Optical Analog™ analysis, the optomechanical constraint equations, brittle fracture criteria for optical materials, elastomer mechanics and Unified™ analysis. He has also patented optical scanners, infrared calibration targets, Angstrom™ actuators and track-pad™ micrometer tip cushions; some for his clients and some for himself (and more are on the way). The Rubicon™ actuator is currently being considered by NASA for the Next Generation Space Telescope, SBL, NEXUS and DCATT. The HECTOR™ calibration system permits nanometer-sized measurements to be traceable to the wavelength of light using conventional instruments (interferometers, profilometers, afms). Modern interferometers, especially their software, need calibration too! He has served two terms as a Director of SPIE and a term as President of the San Gabriel Valley Chapter of the AIAA.
The ensuing years have brought both business and pleasure. Mr. Hatheway is grateful for his many friends and associates in the optical community in Southern California and looks forward to each of the monthly meetings in which they celebrate the technology in each other's company.
Note: "Optical Analog," "Unified," "Angstrom," "track-pad," "Rubicon" and "HECTOR" are trademarks of Alson E. Hatheway Inc.


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Last major update issued on December 4, 2008 at 05:20 UTC.
The geomagnetic field was quiet on December 3. Solar wind speed ranged between 271 and 488 km/s, increasing after 05 UTC under the influence of a high speed stream from CH350.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 69.2. The planetary A index was 4 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 3.8). Three hour interval K indices: 01101212 (planetary), 11111321 (Boulder).
December 1-3: No partially or fully Earth directed CMEs were observed in LASCO imagery.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled on December 4-5 due to effects from CH350 and quiet on December 6-7.


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Or should these guys change their name to NightmareHost?
For the past few weeks I have had problems with everything. Email, discussion lists, FTP, SSH, Web sites, really everything.
Problems every day with explanations of how the maintenance screwed up BUT not solutions is NOT what I expect for my money. Sure, DH has good excuses every time and they readily admit when they foo up but I really wish they would stop foo up all the time! After I made a complaint I got one month fee refunded. Big help that is.
My money, BTW, will start looking for a new web hosting company real soon now.
All my sites are down at this moment.
2 mins 30 secs ago: Outage resolved: No server-wide problem was found.
No server wide problem? then what's the problem???
I'm not sure I'd go quite that far, but it does start to look that way, of late.
For months I've had bursts of watchdog notices telling me that my site is down… then back up. Usually in fairly short order.
I never seemed to have an issue with email until yesterday.
I was running some tests, generating email notifications that I was sending to my DH account… and access to the mail server was up & down like a yo-yo.
I couldn't care less if the web interface to my email bounces at 3AM, but in the middle of an afternoon, when I'm trying to use it is a major issue.
What it all boils down to is it being there when you need it - I needed it yesterday and it just wasn't there.
With a wasted afternoon like that, I, too, started thinking dark thoughts about DH.
I have a domain renewal coming up and I was planning to move the hosting over to DH, but I'm not so sure, now.
The problems that have afflicted quite a few people over the months finally slapped me in the face and, in light of what others are saying, gives me pause.
Sure… DH seems to be dealing with cascading issues, but the continual litanay of "this was the problem and we fixed it already" only to be followed up with Yet Another Issue, which turns out to be related to most of the previous issues gets old, mighty fast.
It seems to be taking much too long to get anything close to final resolution.
After cooling down a little bit I realized I forgot to mention that I have been a happy DH customer since Aug 2005, and have had very few problems.
It's only these past few weeks that have been really nighmarish… and DH maintenance keeps telling they will fix things next week. Problem after problem.


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File image: a containership docked at a U.S. West Coast Terminal.
Shipping freight rates for transporting containers from ports in Asia to Northern Europe dropped 23.6 percent to $658 per 20-foot container (TEU) in the week ended on Friday, data from the Shanghai Containerized Freight Index showed.
The drop in freight rates on the world's busiest shipping route had been widely predicted following a short-lived surge in spot rates in the previous week.
Last week's level was 49 percent lower than in the same period of 2014.
In the week to Friday, container freight rates plunged 22.6 percent from Asia to ports in the Mediterranean, fell 7.8 percent to ports on the U.S. West Coast and were down 2.9 percent to ports on the U.S. East Coast.
Chief Executive Nils Smedegaard Andersen of A.P. Moller-Maersk, which owns the world's largest container shipping company, Maersk Line, told Reuters last week that the container freight market remains bad but stable after five years of weakness.
"We do not sign longer container freight contracts only to be covered. If we are not able to make money on contracts, we prefer to be exposed to the spot market," he said.


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Sing a little song
Sing a little song Lyrics
When your heart is filled with sorrow Sing a little song, sing a little song When you're worried and feel heavy-laden Sing a little song, sing a little song It doesn't matter if you're a boy or a girl Just remember it's not the end of the world When your heart is filled with sorrow Sing a little song, sing a little song When you're worried and feel heavy-laden Sing a little song, sing a little song Mama ride on... It doesn't matter if you're a boy or a girl Just remember it's not the end of the world When your heart is filled with sorrow Sing a little song, sing a little song When you're worried and feel heavy-laden Sing a little song, sing a little song Mama sing a little song that on Sing a little song please Sing, sing, sing, sing a little song Mama sing a little song that on
When your heart is filled with sorrow
Sing a little song, sing a little song
When you're worried and feel heavy-laden
It doesn't matter if you're a boy or a girl
Just remember it's not the end of the world
Mama ride on...
Mama sing a little song that on
Sing a little song please
Sing, sing, sing, sing a little song
"Sing a little song" Track Info

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Will my pet get diarrhea when transitioning to an Organic Paws diet?
It is unlikely your pet will experience softer stools when transitioning to an Organic Paws diet, some pets may actually experience slightly firmer stools to what has previously been considered normal for a day or two, especially if they have previously been on a highly processed diet. Some pets may also experience a slight shedding. In effect, when switching your pet to an organic raw food diet his/her body will begin to detox all the toxic buildup from the previous heavily processed diet. Any minor transition concerns that may occur will be quickly forgotten when you notice your pets health suddenly thriving.
Food prices reflect the cost of growing, harvesting, processing, transportation, storage and packaging. To be certified organic food must meet stricter regulations that govern all these steps in the process. Organic food production is usually more labour and management intensive and happens on a smaller scale ie. on smaller farms which lack the benefit of economy of scale.
The only way you can be assured that the food you are eating is completely safe and chemical free is to make sure the product is labeled as "Certified Organic" through an independent certifying body like the ACO. These regulations enforced to ensure these high standards are always met are additional costs incorporated into the price of organic food.
Is it ok to switch to an Organic Paws diet straight away or should I do it slowly?
We say that you the owner know your pet, so choose what ever method you feel your pet would respond to, to make the transition a success. That may be just straight up offering fresh certified organic raw food and seeing how your pet responds, or maybe mixing it in with what ever your pet currently eats until you can complete the transition.
Why continue to put all those heavy toxins in your pet's body when you know it is continually compromising their digestive and immune system. Processed pet foods and fresh organic raw meats are on two completely different levels when considering the health benefits. For your pets health it is better to drop the processed and pick up with Organic Paws as soon as the transition allows.
Are Organic Paws meals suitable for puppies and kittens?
Yes, Organic Paws meals are not only suitable for puppies and kittens, but by starting your pet's life off by feeding them Certified Organic food that is unprocessed, safe and free from harmful chemicals and toxins and is also naturally biologically appropriate, you are giving them the best start in life to thrive with good health. Many processed dry foods are just that – highly processed which are not biologically appropriate for our furry friends and the 'nutritional value' is required to be added to these foods in a processed form and in many times in unnatural quantities.
Other raw meat pet food products that are not Certified Organic contain traces of pesticides, antibiotics, GMO's, preservatives and other harmful chemicals which can build up in the body over time and cause ill health. Organic Paws meals are naturally safe and balanced in nutrition for cats and dogs of all ages.
Do I need to add vegetables to Organic Paws meals?
Dogs have a very short intestinal tract and they cannot efficiently process vegetable fibre, this is often shown in the stools of dogs that have recently eaten vegetables showing the vegetables appearing in the stool looking very similar to as when they were first eaten. In the wild, a dog would consume very little plant matter in the diet, this natural source of plant/vegetable/fruit fibre would be consumed through the process of eating the intestines and stomach of their prey which has already been partially digested by the animal and in turn easily digested by a dog. The stomach lining of these "ruminating" animals is also called "green tripe" which is an ingredient in all Organic Paws recipes. This source of plant fibre or "green tripe," is a far more biologically appropriate way for your dog to receive vegetable nutrition and fibre.
Cats are strict carnivores and do not require or should have vegetable matter in their diet. A solely raw and balanced meal of muscle meat, bone and offal for cats is essential for long term optimum health.
Are the Organic Paws meals nutritionally complete to keep my pet healthy or do I need to feed them addition food as well?
When developing the ingredients for the Organic Paws recipes we focused on developing a raw meat product that simulated a carnivore's natural diet while adding a couple extra power house ingredients to help maintain optimum health. When analysing the nutritional components of all ingredients in each of our Organic Paws recipes (see products page), you will find that when all combined together, each recipe contains all the essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals, in their natural form, required to keep your pet in optimum health from their early years right through to those senior years. Abundant vitamins, trace minerals, essential nutrients, fatty acids, enzymes and beneficial bacteria are all present in every Organic Paws recipe making it a complete and naturally balanced meal for cats and dogs of all ages.


Continuing season 5, Tommy experience a terrible event of his firehouse. He attempts to connect with relative people. Besides, the crew's destiny hangs in the balance and tries to escape.
Rescue Me - Season 6.1080p.BluRay.x264-iNGOT.


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Why more businesses are bringing music into the office
Office Life	27 Sep 2017	Alex Fuller
Some people say that listening to music whilst working has proven negative effects, whilst others say it boosts concentration and makes you a more effective worker. We're of the opinion that a bit of background music can be hugely beneficial in the workplace.
As Magnus Rydén, Head of Music at workplace streaming service Soundtrack Your Brand, says: "Playing music in an office space can be a mood booster for sure, but it's a delicate art and difficult to get right.
"Music impacts our emotions, which in turn affects our behaviour, and if done right, music can help increase productivity and spur well-being, be that in the gym, at the bar, or in the office."
With that in mind, we've asked around and found out some pretty interesting information about the most popular music to listen to, and how to please everyone in the office.
The most popular types of music for the workplace
It's not uncommon for office groups to have different tastes in music; in fact, it's to be expected. What is uncommon however, is finding a playlist or album that suits everybody's needs.
LinkedIn recently partnered with Spotify to reveal the secrets of the office playlist and what the employees thought about sharing music, and found that 73% of people believe listening to music at work makes them more productive.
17% admit to using music to drown out the sounds of their colleagues, and 34% believe music helps them to be more creative; it seems that we love to hear a tune playing whilst we work.
Unsurprisingly, the most common choice for office music is the lovely Ed Sheeran – most likely because of his soft voice and fun take on music. The least popular artist was Eminem, which is understandable as his language is a little cruder than Ed's and some of his songs can be quite aggressive, which isn't always appropriate for the workplace.
Pop, as its name suggests, is the most popular genre, with 55% of workers preferring to listen to this kind of music. Country music tends to be the favourite choice in sales teams, with reggae a big hit for marketing professionals.
Magnus Rydén expands further on some considerations for office-based tunes, suggesting "music with vocals can be distracting, so in an office environment we usually suggest instrumental tunes. Well-known tunes can be equally distracting, so rather than spur a sing-along environment, we suggest playing lesser known tunes where the music blends into the larger environment."
We spoke to some music loving offices to get their thoughts and opinions on the matter, and this is what they had to say.
Arabel Lebrusan's Jewellery Team said: "We love to listen to "The XX", "Submotion Orchestra" and "Sampha" in the studio. They are a great mix between soft rock and electronic music. Sampha just won the mercury prize and it is great for inspiration. At the end of the day the Colombian band "Bomba Estereo" help to get the mood up!"
Kim O'Meara from K9 Magazine commented: "Our office normally has the radio or a Spotify playlist on in the background, but for some reason since last year I've found one particular album helps me to focus so I often listen through my headphones rather than dominate the office with my Danish rock music!
It could be that it's something to do with the beats – a bit like running, some music allows you to focus better than others, but 'Seal the Deal & Let's Boogie' by Volbeat is an album I've listened to more than any other in my lifetime and it's helped me focus on writing and proofing when I've been floundering for focus. No other album draws the same level of attention out of me."
How to integrate music without annoying the workforce
When listening to music in the workplace, it always pays to be mindful of fellow employees. To just get up and put music on that the whole office can hear would be considered as rude, so here are our top five tips on how to successfully bring music into your office without upsetting the team.
1. Make sure you ask for their opinions first
As tempting as it may be to throw on your favourite drum and bass playlist, it might not be suitable for the office or everyone's taste. Have a discussion with your colleagues about having music playing in the office and their favourite radio stations or top genres, so that you can find a channel or playlist that will keep everyone happy.
2. Find speakers to suit your space
If you have a large office, multiple speakers might be needed to evenly distribute the sound. Think about whether you want portable speakers or a stationary set up. Should you be using a Hi-Fi in a communal area or would a smaller sound system stationed at the end of a bank of desks be better? All of this depends on the size and layout of your office space along with how closely people are sat together.
If you decide that a radio is the best option for your office, why not check out the digital radio selection here at Euroffice.
3. Control volume with connected devices
In big offices, the music will need to be fairly loud to reach all of your colleagues. However, this means that the few who are closest to the speaker won't be able to hear much else. Multiple Bluetooth speakers can be really helpful here, to gently spread the tunes across the room without deafening anyone. Using connected devices such as Sonos is a great way to offer control over the volume. These systems give flexibility by allowing you to alter the volume of individual speakers in different areas, enabling colleagues to regulate the noise in their environment from a central tablet or iPad.
4. Compromise is key to a happy workplace
If you can't agree on your music tastes, offer a compromise that will benefit you all. Create a communal playlist with a few of everyone's favourite tracks. You never know, you might learn something new about your colleagues along the way. Alternatively, have set days for different genres such as rock on a Monday or pop on a Tuesday.
5. Make quiet areas available and accessible
Be considerate of those who don't want to listen to music by making quiet spaces available. If possible, have the quiet area sound proofed, tucked away behind a wall or well out of the way of the speakers. Some jobs require a lot of focus and often people in these roles can find music to be a distraction.
What are the most popular music streaming apps and services?
Streaming has become one of the most popular ways to listen to music, and 67% of us now stream on a regular basis. Spotify leads the way in terms of active users, although 78% of users would prefer to hear an occasional advert than pay for the service. Saying that, as of July 2017, Spotify still boasts an impressive 60 million subscribers.
There are other big players catching up in the market; Apple Music has grown to 27 million subscribers, and SoundCloud boasts 40 million registered users. Deezer, the service with the largest global reach, currently has 12 million active users, 9 million of which pay for the premium version. Deezer's unique algorithm learns users' music tastes to create a stream that mixes personalised recommendations with existing playlists. It adapts and updates in real time based on the actions of the user, easing the process of music discovery.
We asked Deezer what they thought the benefits were of music in the workplace and if they feel it has an impact on productivity and mood.
Roman Tagoe, Head of Content and Editorial UK at Deezer, comments:
"The advantage of working at a global music streaming company like Deezer, is that we get to listen to music all day. There are many known benefits to listening to music in the office, including boosting productivity and improving moods. For challenging days ahead that require a lot of thought and concentration, downbeat music such as chill out or classical playlists can be the most efficient, while for easier tasks on hand, one can listen to Electronic Dance Music (EDM) to elevate one's mood."
Businesses that enjoy motivational music in the workplace
We've shared the thoughts of the employees in businesses, but what do the big bosses and company owners think?
Galyna Nitsetska, the founder of Empress Mimi Lingerie said: "'We listen to Brain.FM in our office because we find it significantly increases our team's concentration and speed of execution – strangely enough, this focus music really works to make you more productive! We find that without this we often end up chatting and getting distracted in other ways. The only downside is that sometimes it gets so intense you can get a headache from being so focused for a prolonged period of time. We first heard about Brain.FM from the Tim Ferris blog and have been hooked ever since."
Barney Hooper of PRS for Music said: "I can't imagine a day without listening to the music and work would be a drag without the radio on in the background. Some businesses we spoke with allow their teams to choose the music and have different genres on different days or to create their own playlists to ensure they get the right music that works for them."
So, there you have it. It seems that the reason for many businesses bringing music into the workplace is because it boosts morale within their teams. Just remember to always be considerate to your other work colleagues.
Do you listen to music in the workplace? Let us know your thoughts and share your favourite office music playlists with us on social media – don't forget to tag us and use #EurofficeWellness!
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Euroffice Gems
The value of work place benefits
Lighting Up The Trafalgar Square Christmas Tree
The Psychology of Blue in Business
Teacher Planning Guides For The Year Ahead
Best Budget Pens
Is Your Business Prepared For Winter?
Why you should try mindfulness meditation in the workplace
Wear Your Woolies For Christmas Jumper Day
Top stationery stocking fillers this Christmas
How To Decorate Your Office Chair For Christmas


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Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps
MANOSQUE , town in the department of Basses-Alpes, S.E. France. Jews are mentioned in Manosque from 1240. In 1261 the community was already sufficiently numerous to maintain two butcher's stores. Before the *Black Death in 1348, there were about 30 Jewish families in Manosque. The Jews owned at least one synagogue and cemetery. They lived in their own street, the Carriera Judaica, on the site of the present Rue Bon-Repos. When an epidemic broke out in 1364, the services of a Jewish physician were still called for. However, from 1370 on there were frequent anti-Jewish disturbances, the most violent in 1455 and 1495. In 1498 the town expelled its Jews.
Gross, Gal Jud, 361f.; E. Baratier, Démographie provençale… (1961), 70; C. Arnaud, Histoire d'une famille provençale (1888), 450f.; D. Arnaud, Etudes historiques sur… Manosque, 1 (1847), 51ff.
[Bernhard Blumenkranz]
Encyclopaedia Judaica
"Manosque ." Encyclopaedia Judaica. . Encyclopedia.com. 3 Jan. 2022 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Manosque ." Encyclopaedia Judaica. . Encyclopedia.com. (January 3, 2022). https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/manosque
"Manosque ." Encyclopaedia Judaica. . Retrieved January 03, 2022 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/manosque
Kiev , Kiev KIEV (Kiov ), capital of Ukraine. Kiev's central position on the River Dnieper at the commercial crossroads of Western Europe and the Orient att… Koblenz , KOBLENZ KOBLENZ , city in Germany. Jews are first mentioned in a customs toll of 1104; an individual Jew, Vives of Koblenz, is noted as living in Col… Bas-rhin , Alsace ALSACE , former province of the Germanic (Holy Roman) Empire, and from 1648, of *France, including the present department of Haut-Rhin and Bas… Strasbourg , STRASBOURG (Ger. Strassburg ), capital of the department of Bas-Rhin, Alsace, E. France. The earliest conclusive evidence on the presence of Jews in… Czechoslovakia , CZECHOSLOVAKIA , republic in Central Europe. Founded in 1918, it united within its political framework the Jewries of the "historic countries" (*Bohe… Shiraz , SHIRAZ , capital of the former province of Fars, S. *Iran. The existence of a Jewish community in Shiraz is attested by Persian and Arab geographers…
The Jews and Anti-Semitism
Lubartow
Manos, the Hands of Fate
Manos, Aspasia (1896–1972)
Manorial Economy
manorial
Manor, Ehud
Manor College: Tabular Data
Manor College: Narrative Description
Manoogian, Richard A. 1936–
Manon of the Spring
Manoliu, Lia (1932–1998)
Manojlovic, Kosta
Manogue, Patrick
manoeuvring
manoeuvrer
manoeuvre
Manoah of Narbonne
Manoah
Manoa
Mano Blanca
Manny, Anne (b. 1355)
Manotti, Dominique 1942–
Manoury, Philippe
Manoux, J. P. 1969–
Manowarda, Josef von
Manowarda,Josef von
Manpower Inc.
manqué
Manrique (Ardila), Jaime
Manrique de Lara (y Berry), Manuel
Manrique de Zúñiga, Alvaro (?–c. 1593)
Manrique Perez, Silvia (1973–)
Manrique, Jaime 1949–
Manríquez y Zárate, José de Jesús
Mans.
Mansa Abubakari II
Mansa Musa (? –1337)
Mansa Musa Makes His Hajj, Displaying Mali's Wealth in Gold and Becoming the First Sub-Saharan African Widely Known among Europeans
Mansa Sakura
Mansart
Mansbach, Adam 1976–
Mansbridge, Francis
manse


Legislation and Practice Regulations set out the standards which solicitors in Northern Ireland must adhere to in relation to their practices and their duties to their clients.
The Solicitors' Practice Regulations 1987 provides the standards to which solicitors must work as solicitors admitted in Northern Ireland.
In 2011 the regulations were updated.
On the 20th May 2013, the Society introduced the Solicitors' Practice (Amendment) Regulations 2013, with the approval of the Lord Chief Justice.
They were introduced to address the issue of the payment of referral fees by solicitors in Northern Ireland, within the legislative and regulatory framework here.
In June 2013 an updated and consolidated version of the 1987 Practice Regulations to take account of the 2011 and 2013 Practice Amendment Regulations.
In January 2019 the Solicitors' Practice (Amendment) Regulations 2018 came into effect.


Excited to head down to Portland this weekend for the PNW Drupal Summit. I missed the 2010 summit due to other obligations, so I'm really looking forward to this. Looks like a good lineup of sessions, speakers, etc.


When Maybelline created their Made For All Lipstick Collection, they made a big statement: ?Universal shades that complement every skin tone.? Sometimes just finding the perfect shade of red can feel like searching for a unicorn, so naturally, we were... The post 7 Lipsticks That Flatter Everyone… Or Your Money Back appeared first on Huda Beauty | Makeup Tips, Reviews & Skincare Advice.


One of the hardest decisions to make as a pet owner is when to say goodbye. Our clinics offer counseling in making these decisions, as well as grief counseling. Euthanasia is performed by a veterinarian in a private, quiet room, or it can be done at your pet's home. An appointment time is set aside for the procedure. Family members and friends are welcome to be involved and to spend time before and after the pet's passing.


No authentication on attachment links!
Clicking on a link for any attachment to a task or task list links to the attachment hosted on Amazon Simple Storage Service (s3.amazonaws.com).
The links to storage created are completely unprotected and accessible by anyone.
Amazon S3 mentions that these links are temporary, how long do they remain valid?
There might be some confusion here as Mindjet does not interpret hyperlinks, it just creates a link using the text you (or a colleague) enter in the hyperlink input box. Maybe you could check with Amazon S3 why these links are accessible to everyone and how long they remain active?
I have a task on my task list that only I can see.
Attached to this task list is an image.
If someone who is not authorized tries to access that link, they are taken to mindjet's login page, which is good.
This link can be used by anyone to see this image.
But as you can see from the link above, it works without these parameters as well.
Thanks for pointing this out. Seems like our links have not been expiring properly, though they were still protected by an unguessable random hash. We have just released a fix for this that by tomorrow all Amazon s3 attachment URL's will be expiring after 5 minutes.
Thanks again for your help and please email me at ben.work@mindjet.com if you have any further questions.
Thank you *very* much, this should handle the issue!


As the curtain closed on the Country Energy Australian Surf Festival nine Australian Surfmasters Titles were awarded at Lighthouse Beach today.
Having seen 344 competitors in 260 heats over the past two weeks with 23 Australian Titles handed out, the final day of competition was certainly one to remember.
Mark Richardson (Palm Beach, QLD) was the king of Lighthouse Beach today, taking home his third Australian Title in the Open Men division.
"I'm lost for words," the 37-year-old said, brimming from ear-to-ear.
Defeating Josh Johnson-Baxter (VIC), Eli Criaco (Coolum, QLD) and Jirrah Laws (VIC), who finished second, third and fourth respectively, Richardson was in amazing form from the get-go.
"The level of surfing in this event was first class," he continued.
Fellow Queenslander Dimity Stoyle (Buderim, QLD) continued where she left off yesterday with a commanding performance en-route to her maiden crown.
"I can't believe I won my first Australian Title," said the 17-year-old with glee.
Having been locked into a see-sawing battle during the entire final, Stoyle pulled out all the stops.
"The conditions were really tricky out there, but I managed to find the right wave at the right time," she said having secured the Title clinching wave with merely a minute remaining; and received a nine-point ride for her dynamic approach.
Defeating Tara Christie (Sunshine Coast, QLD), Jess Hickson (Pacific Palms, NSW) and Skye Burgess (Lake Heights, NSW), who finished second, third and fourth respectively, Stoyle is now the best in Australia.
Local boy Grant Hudson (Lake Cathie, NSW) was the champion of the Over 28 division, whilst Rod Baldwin (Copacabana, NSW) won his third National Title, winning the Over 45 division.
"The competition has been really high and has definitely pushed my surfing," Baldwin said after winning his third Australian Title.
"It's been a great week of weather and waves and to hang out with all crew again has been awesome," he added.
Another seasoned campaigner, Sandra English (Budgewoi, NSW) created history today by claiming her tenth Australian Title.
"There's no better feeling than winning an Aussie Title," she said ecstatically.
"That's my tenth Australian Title," she stated proudly.
Dean Hall (Miami, QLD) put up the greatest performance of the day, and event, saving his best for last.
Accruing the highest heat total and single wave score of the entire event, Hall was on-fire in the Over 35 division.
Blasting a series of backhand re-entry's executed with precision and power he amassed a total of 18.55 (out of a possible 20), on the back of that 9.8 (out of a possible 10).
After another massive year, the Country Energy Australian Surf Festival will turn its attention to 2010 which will no doubt see it back and bigger than ever.


Hooray for Raising Awareness the Fun Way! Just Shop This Selection of Toys, Games and Novelties!
Get ready to shop awareness fun for everyone! A must-have for handouts at community events or shining a light on some of the most important causes each and every day, this onsite shop of toys, games and novelties features more than 200 priced-to-please picks that are just perfect for playtime.
Who says raising awareness for something has to be such serious business? In fact, sometimes the easiest way to get people to pay attention to something you hold dear to your heart is through a little (or a lot) of fun! For every cause and every color, shop engaging and entertaining ways to call attention and raise awareness for almost anything imaginable, including everything from cancer and autism to child abuse prevention and anti-bullying. After all, you don't want to be that table at the big community event or 5K that's just handing out pens and notepads. Make your display truly wow-worthy when you add some of these giggle- and grin-inducing finds! Trust us, it'll lead to good times galore for both kids and adults!
With more than 200 fun finds waiting for you in this collection, you're probably wondering just where do you start shopping? Well, we're more than happy to introduce you to some of our best buys here. First, we'd like you to meet our awareness ribbon stress toys, available in seven colors. They are a great way to keep your message of support in the hands of adults¿or kids too, they're soft so no worries about youngsters hurting themselves. Another terrific toy that's sure to add smiles to your awareness ribbon event or fundraiser is our rubber duckies. They're perfect for door prizes, table decorations, treat bags and for entertaining little ones while the grownups get down to business! Another unique way to add some fun to your fundraiser is our Awareness Ribbon Footballs. For high school students, hand these out during a health class as a memorable way to promote your cause!
Beyond toys that make any awareness event simply better, this onsite shop features fun cheer gear so you can root on those participating in 5Ks or other competitive fundraising events. Pom-poms, boom sticks, badges and stadiums horns are all included in this cheerful collection. And with our 110% Lowest Price Guarantee, you can shop all you need to put the "fun" in "fundraising" at a price that's just right!


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Home Album Reviews Trespass - Footprints In The Rock
Bloody Hammers - The Summoning
Statement - Force Of Life
Rotting Christ, Varathron - Duality Of The Unholy Existence
The Night Eternal - The Night Eternal
Bible Of The Devil - Feel It
Death Angel - Humanicide
Hatriot - From Days Unto Darkness
Ross The Boss - By Blood Sworn
Striker - Play To Win
Suicidal Angels - Years Of Aggression
HOA Day 3 @ The Garden, Brande-Hörnerkirchen (DE) - 30.06.17
Xmas Rocka Day 2 @ O2 Academy, Sheffield (UK) - 09.01.17
Brofest #3 @ Northumbria Univ., Newcastle (UK) - 16.02.16
Trespass - Footprints In The Rock
(CD, Mighty Music, 2018)
Of all these reformed bands who were a part of the dawn of NWOBHM, TRESPASS stand out as unique in the bunch. First, because their music, even back in the day is a fantastic mix of '70s and '80s Metal loaded with good melodies and fines. Also, that they gave the business a try in the '90s and released, at that time, contemporary sounding "Head" record. Perhaps not what was wanted from a band like TRESPASS but it's a very decent record and it's not that TRESPASS were the only ones adapting to the trends at that time.
Brand new "Footprints In The Rock" contains the same ingredients as the '80s material did topped with close to four decades experience and development. We're still talking about strong melodies and smart songwriting and should create its own footprints in the Rock, the music world. Opening "Momentum" sets a good standard from start. The up-tempo track with an easy chorus-line should be perfect for the stage. For me though, melodic "Be Brave" strikes harder; the vocal lines, both in the verse and chorus are fantastic and there are witty details on the guitars constantly in the background. The balance of still having it all heard but not take over from the vocal melody takes some work, TRESPASS definitely succeeded there.
"Mighty Love" holds the same fine details with "Be Brave" but leans more towards the opening track when it comes to tempo and beat, bringing the best from two worlds together. The title track is one of my absolute favorites from the album. The way it turns from gloomy verse, raises some hope in the bridge into a very good and catchy chorus-line makes me reach for the volume and it can only go upwards. This type of creativity and dynamics is what many of these old school bands are good at and just a little of it makes the music much more vibrant. Ok, TRESPASS' music isn't that simple; there are a lot of things going on behind the vocals, riffs and harmonies to build the dynamics and feel. All of this is what will make the record last on long term too. Another favorite is raw "Beowulf And Grendel" which sounds more like American (early) '80s Metal than the band's NWOBHM roots. There is some Randy Roads riffing in there which makes the track airier as compared to the rest. And it works so well towards the Heavy and dark half-tempo chorus.
There's no doubt that I like TRESPASS' "Footprints In The Rock" album. But, because of the production, it takes a bit to get into it. It's not bad but it feels primitive. I really don't like the modern super-pushed sound - it's not what I'm after. But the music on the record is much better than it sounds. Also, Mark Sutcliffe's vocal register is a little limited. He has a good voice but with the whole sound it's partly lost. It's such a shame - else I really love an old school organic sound. It all feels very honest and there's no doubt you'll get exactly what's expected seeing TRESPASS live. What I am trying to say; if the sound bothers you listening to this else fantastic record, leave it on until you get used to it. It's definitely worth the effort.
www.TrespassBand.Com
www.FaceBook.Com/Trespass
01. Momentum
02. Be Brave
03. Mighty Love
04. Prometheus
05. Footprints In The Rock
06. Little Star
07. Green Man
08. Dragons In The Mist
09. Beowulf And Grendel
10. Weed
11. Music Of The Waves
Mark Sutcliffe - Guitar, Vocals
Joe Fawcett - Guitar
Danny B - Bass
Jason Roberts - Drums
Written by Erika Wallberg	Tuesday, 09 January 2018 09:25


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Ask Hondo
Spartan Nation
REPORT: Mel Tucker received entire $100,000 bonus intended for MSU staff
Tucker is 18-13 overall and 12-12 in Big Ten play during his tenure in East Lansing...
Matthew Lounsberry
Michigan State football has failed to live up to expectations during the 2022 season, and that has some supporters of the program frustrated over the 10-year, $95 million contract extension that head coach Mel Tucker received in the middle of the 11-2 campaign that MSU put together in 2021.
Now, the USA Today has reported that months after Michigan State and Tucker agreed to the new terms of his contract, MSU athletic director Alan Haller awarded the entirety of a $100,000 bonus intended for the Spartans' coaching staff to Tucker alone.
This bonus was paid to Tucker in addition to the $250,000 bonus that the head coach was awarded after leading the Spartans to a victory in last year's Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl.
The USA Today also reported that Tucker and Haller declined to comment on the $100,000 payment, through MSU athletics spokesman Matt Larson.
3 Most Interesting Things Tom Izzo Said After MSU Beat Iowa
Five Takeaways: Michigan State survives frantic final possession to beat Iowa
Michigan State's Malik Hall Posterizes Iowa's Filip Rebraca In Return For Spartans
Tucker's contract extension with Michigan State came amidst rumors that linked the head coach to open coaching positions at LSU and USC. The clause that provides for the $100,000 staff bonus was carried over into that pact from the initial contract he signed when he was hired away from Colorado in 2019. That initial contract had paid Tucker a base salary of approximately $5.5 million.
"The University shall pay a yearly bonus of $100,000 to the Program, to be allocated between the Coach, the assistant football coaches, and the Program administrative staff, at the discretion of the Athletics Director with input from the Coach," the contract clause reads, per USA Today. "The University shall such (sic) bonus no later than June 30th following the end of each football season, provided, however, that the University shall not be obligated to pay such bonus to the Program if the Coach had provided notice of termination to the University."
While Michigan State spoke of championship goals prior to the season, the Spartans have stumbled to a 5-6 record overall and a 3-5 mark in Big Ten play.
Tucker, 50, is under contract with Michigan State through the 2031 season.
By Matthew Lounsberry Jan 27, 2023 3:30 PM EST
Mel Tucker Hires New Defensive Line Coach
Tom Izzo updates health status for Tyson Walker, Malik Hall
5 Most Interesting Things Tom Izzo Said After MSU's Loss At Indiana
By Matthew Lounsberry Jan 23, 2023 10:31 PM EST
MSU's lack of depth spotlights Tom Izzo's transfer portal stubbornness
Five Takeaways: Michigan State starts hot, wears down in loss at Indiana


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Stand Coffee Serves In Back of..
Coffee And Bikes In Chicago At Heritage Bicycles
Hey, Let's Talk Relationship C..
by Adam Arcus
Chicago, Places
Depending on whom you ask, it may seem odd for a business with bicycles in its name to be known for their craft coffee. Or, really, it might just make perfect sense. In 2012, after a stint establishing a hand-crafted bicycle company in Queens, New York, fifth-generation-Chicagoan Michael Salvatore moved back to his roots and became one half of the Heritage Family Company. Michael and his wife, Melissa, have opened three shops in Chicago, two of them focused on coffee and bikes: Heritage General Store and Heritage Outpost. The third, Heritage Littles, is an adorable children's-goods business, and home to Melissa's family photo studio.
Their flagship space is the General Store, located in the Lakeview neighborhood on Chicago's affluent North Side. A chance drive down Lincoln Avenue brought the boarded-up and for-rent building to Michael's attention. Peering through a gap in the window he swooned over the wooden floors, crown molding, and exposed beams of the building, built in 1901. The initial costs covered by bikes, Heritage rented out the retail ground floor, and its basement, establishing their first brick-and-mortar.
A family-oriented and underserved part of town, Lakeview wasn't necessarily an obvious choice for Heritage. But traditional areas like Bucktown, Wicker Park, and even Southport Corridor are saturated, and the stretch of land south of Belmont, where Heritage settled, had been lacking a community space. Even now, take out Heritage General Store and there would be only one local coffee (and tea) shop in the square mile centered on its current location. Add in the big chains and you'll still only have three shops within that area.
Heritage's community-first thinking finds physical representation in the large reclaimed-wood tables, built by hand by the Salvatores. Between those, the banquette corners, and along-the-wall bar stools, patrons are meant to get close and spark conversation. General Store manages to feel airy, open, theatrically lit, and spacious, all while having an exposed bike shop plus nick-nacks like family heirlooms, gramophones, pendant theater lights, and an Underwood Typewriter in every nook.
Here they treat both coffee and bikes with passion and care, but as wholly separate entities. Says Michael, "It's a delicate dance, for both sides on their own." In other words, don't expect the mechanic to be making your macchiato, but feel free to look forward to plenty of local sourcing and strong relationships. After all, Heritage Bicycles was the first to start manufacturing bikes within the Chicago city limits since Schwinn shut its doors in 1982.
In that same spirit, Heritage has paired up with Intelligentsia to create their premier roasts while testing the Heritage brand. Staple foods are provided by Southport Grocery, such as blueberry-cornbread muffins and an array of quiches. Behind the large polished bar, you'll hear the Mazzer grinder whirring and humming, and see a sharp-looking brand new La Marzocco Linea PB espresso machine. They've employed a Bunn Coffee Grinder, FETCO Extractor brewer, and Zojirushi Air Pots for their batch-brew filter coffee surface, buttressed by a Hario-enabled slow bar with rotating offerings. Completing their portfolio is a cold-brewed coffee service, with custom-built brewing barrels and kegerators in their basement.
And this is just the General Store. Located in Uptown, Chicago, is the Heritage Outpost. It's a new venture, funded by its symbiotic relationship as the front lobby for the No. 1325 Wilson apartments, owned by Flats Chicago. Having just opened last November, the Outpost sets to explore the purely coffee side of Heritage, with cuppings and events held regularly. As Michael Salvatore tells me, "That space is just beginning to create itself."
Heritage co-founder Michael Salvatore.
You could say the same for the Heritage brand, with expansion plans on the horizon for a shop in Nashville later this year. Whether you're riding in on one of Heritage's custom-built bikes for two or a dumpy old Schwinn, Heritage has created an approachable and bright environment with roots in both crafts, and without pretension.
Heritage Bicycles General Store is located at 2959 N. Lincoln Ave., Chicago.
Adam Arcus is a journalist and photographer based in Chicago. This is his first feature for Sprudge.com.
cafes, chicago, Illinois, North America
Build-Outs Of Summer: Roots Coffeehouse In Ft Worth, TX


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Q: How to reconize in the right version? We are working with visualstudio and svn. In svn we have 2 versions we work with: A current version where we only do bugfixes and a development version where we build in new functionality. Now it sometimes happen that updates need to be done manually in both versions. In that case i open both versions. The main problem with this is that it's really hard to see in which version you are working. My question is: What is the best way to solve this? Is there a way to have the version you are working with on the screen all the time, or to assign an icon to a specific version?
So in short: whats the easiest way to see the current version of the project you are working with?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Anon.. Feminist Art : Process & Product. Washington, DC: Washington Women's Arts Center, 1980.
Includes descriptions of multi-media works by members of the Washington Women's Art Center. Biographical notes on the 33 exhibiting artists. Statements by some of the artists.
Exhibition dates: 26 Feb. - 22 Mar. 1980, Washington Women's Arts Center.


The elongated spell of bright sunny endless days and frosty cold nights makes me think about gardening when I was small. My Grandad used to say 'never sow the seed 'till the frost is passed' and ' ne'er cast a clout 'till May is out', which my Mum used to take as meaning 'don't take your vest off until the first of June!' but which I really think meant don't dig your fragile plants in until the signs of blossom on the May Trees (Hawthorn or Blackthorn?) is out (which makes more sense).
Whichever it is, I am sure that this year, we have a spring like it was 30 years ago, and that the season has gone back to as it was. The effects of climate change have been very evident in the last few years, long wet warm summers and early springs and I have a feeling that this spring feels like spring when I was a child, that daily searching with your eyes for the first sign of leaves unfurling on the trees, that first primrose in the hedgerow, the first sign of blossom on the trees. This year, after one of the hardest winters on record, these things seem even more special and to me, such a delight.


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Posts Tagged 'Rule'
Objection answered, that there must be two contrary wills in God, refuted and why the one simple will of God seems to us as if it were manifold
April 6, 2016 reformedontheweb	Leave a comment
These objections originate in a spirit of pride and blasphemy. Objection, that there must be two contrary wills in God, refuted. Why the one simple will of God seems to us as if it were manifold.
3. As I have hitherto stated only what is plainly and unambiguously taught in Scripture, those who hesitate not to stigmatize what is thus taught by the sacred oracles, had better beware what kind of censure they employ. If, under a pretense of ignorance, they seek the praise of modesty, what greater arrogance can be imagined than to utter one word in opposition to the authority of God — to say, for instance, "I think otherwise," — "I would not have this subject touched?" But if they openly blaspheme, what will they gain by assaulting heaven? Such petulance, indeed, is not new. In all ages there have been wicked and profane men, who rabidly assailed this branch of doctrine. But what the Spirit declared of old by the mouth of David, (Psalm 51:6,) they will feel by experience to be true — God will overcome when he is judged. David indirectly rebukes the infatuation of those whose license is so unbridled, that from their groveling spot of earth they not only plead against God, but arrogate to themselves the right of censuring him. At the same time, he briefly intimates that the blasphemies which they belch forth against heaven, instead of reaching God, only illustrate his justice, when the mists of their calumnies are dispersed. Even our faith, because founded on the sacred word of God, is superior to the whole world, and is able from its height to look down upon such mists.
Their first objection — that if nothing happens without the will of God, he must have two contrary wills, decreeing by a secret counsel what he has openly forbidden in his law — is easily disposed of. But before I reply to it, I would again remind my readers, that this cavil is directed not against me, but against the Holy Spirit, who certainly dictated this confession to that holy man Job, "The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away," when, after being plundered by robbers, he acknowledges that their injustice and mischief was a just chastisement from God. And what says the Scripture elsewhere? The sons of Eli "hearkened not unto the voice of their father, because the Lord would slay them," (1 Samuel 2:25.) Another prophet also exclaims, "Our God is in the heavens: he has done whatsoever he has pleased," (Psalm 115:3.) I have already shown clearly enough that God is the author of all those things which, according to these objectors, happen only by his inactive permission. He testifies that he creates light and darkness, forms good and evil, (Isaiah 45:7;) that no evil happens which he has not done, (Amos 3:6.) Let them tell me whether God exercises his judgments willingly or unwillingly. As Moses teaches that he who is accidentally killed by the blow of an ax, is delivered by God into the hand of him who smites him, (Deuteronomy 19:5,) so the Gospel, by the mouth of Luke, declares, that Herod and Pontius Pilate conspired "to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done," (Acts 4:28.) And, in truth, if Christ was not crucified by the will of God, where is our redemption? Still, however, the will of God is not at variance with itself. It undergoes no change. He makes no pretense of not willing what he wills, but while in himself the will is one and undivided, to us it appears manifold, because, from the feebleness of our intellect, we cannot comprehend how, though after a different manner, he wills and wills not the very same thing. Paul terms the calling of the Gentiles a hidden mystery, and shortly after adds, that therein was manifested the manifold wisdom of God, (Ephesians 3:10.) Since, on account of the dullness of our sense, the wisdom of God seems manifold, (or, as an old interpreter rendered it, multiform,) are we, therefore, to dream of some variation in God, as if he either changed his counsel, or disagreed with himself? Nay, when we cannot comprehend how God can will that to be done which he forbids us to do, let us call to mind our imbecility, and remember that the light in which he dwells is not without cause termed inaccessible, (1 Timothy 6:16,) because shrouded in darkness. Hence, all pious and modest men will readily acquiesce in the sentiment of Augustine: "Man sometimes with a good will wishes something which God does not will, as when a good son wishes his father to live, while God wills him to die. Again, it may happen that man with a bad will wishes what God wills righteously, as when a bad son wishes his father to die, and God also wills it. The former wishes what God wills not, the latter wishes what God also wills. And yet the filial affection of the former is more consonant to the good will of God, though willing differently, than the unnatural affection of the latter, though willing the same thing; so much does approbation or condemnation depend on what it is befitting in man, and what in God to will, and to what end the will of each has respect. For the things which God rightly wills, he accomplishes by the evil wills of bad men," — (August. Enchirid. ad Laurent. cap. 101.) He had said a little before, (cap. 100,) that the apostate angels, by their revolt, and all the reprobate, as far as they themselves were concerned, did what God willed not; but, in regard to his omnipotence, it was impossible for them to do so: for, while they act against the will of God, his will is accomplished in them. Hence he exclaims, "Great is the work of God, exquisite in all he wills! so that, in a manner wondrous and ineffable, that is not done without his will which is done contrary to it, because it could not be done if he did not permit; nor does he permit it unwillingly, but willingly; nor would He who is good permit evil to be done, were he not omnipotent to bring good out of evil," (Augustin. in Psalm 111:2.)
John Calvin-Institutes of the Christian Religion-Book I-Chapter 18-Henry Beveridge Translation
Categories: Calvinism, Christian Institutes Tags: Calvinism, Chance, Christian Institutes, Divine Providence, Fate, Foreordain, God's Decrees, John Calvin, Luck, Objections Answered, Rule, Will of God
All hidden movements directed to their end by the unseen but righteous instigation of God-examples, with answers to objections
March 30, 2016 reformedontheweb	1 comment
All hidden movements directed to their end by the unseen but righteous instigation of God. Examples, with answers to objections.
2. With regard to secret movements, what Solomon says of the heart of a king, that it is turned hither and thither, as God sees meet, certainly applies to the whole human race, and has the same force as if he had said, that whatever we conceive in our minds is directed to its end by the secret inspiration of God. And certainly, did he not work internally in the minds of men, it could not have been properly said, that he takes away the lip from the true, and prudence from the aged — takes away the heart from the princes of the earth, that they wander through devious paths. To the same effect, we often read that men are intimidated when He fills their hearts with terror. Thus David left the camp of Saul while none knew of its because a sleep from God had fallen upon all. But nothing can be clearer than the many passages which declare, that he blinds the minds of men, and smites them with giddiness, intoxicates them with a spirit of stupor, renders them infatuated, and hardens their hearts. Even these expressions many would confine to permissions as if, by deserting the reprobate, he allowed them to be blinded by Satan. But since the Holy Spirit distinctly says, that the blindness and infatuation are inflicted by the just judgment of God, the solution is altogether inadmissible. He is said to have hardened the heart of Pharaoh, to have hardened it yet more, and confirmed it. Some evade these forms of expression by a silly cavil, because Pharaoh is elsewhere said to have hardened his own heart, thus making his will the cause of hardening it; as if the two things did not perfectly agree with each other, though in different senses viz., that man, though acted upon by God, at the same time also acts. But I retort the objection on those who make it. If to harden means only bare permission, the contumacy will not properly belong to Pharaoh. Now, could any thing be more feeble and insipid than to interpret as if Pharaoh had only allowed himself to be hardened? We may add, that Scripture cuts off all handle for such cavils: "I," saith the Lord, "will harden his heart," (Exodus 4:21.) So also, Moses says of the inhabitants of the land of Canaan, that they went forth to battle because the Lord had hardened their hearts, (Josh. 11:20.) The same thing is repeated by another prophet, "He turned their hearts to hate his people," (Psalm 105:25.) In like manner, in Isaiah, he says of the Assyrian, "I will send him against a hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge to take the spoil, and to take the prey," (Isaiah 10:6;) not that he intends to teach wicked and obstinate man to obey spontaneously, but because he bends them to execute his judgments, just as if they carried their orders engraven on their minds. And hence it appears that they are impelled by the sure appointment of God. I admit, indeed, that God often acts in the reprobate by interposing the agency of Satan; but in such a manner, that Satan himself performs his part, just as he is impelled, and succeeds only in so far as he is permitted. The evil spirit that troubled Saul is said to be from the Lord, (1 Samuel 16:14,) to intimate that Saul's madness was a just punishment from God. Satan is also said to blind the minds of those who believe not, (2 Corinthians 4:4.) But how so, unless that a spirit of error is sent from God himself, making those who refuse to obey the truth to believe a lie? According to the former view, it is said, "If the prophet be deceived when he has spoken a thing, I the Lord have deceived that prophet," (Ezekiel 14:9.) According to the latter view, he is said to have given men over to a reprobate mind, (Romans 1:28,) because he is the special author of his own just vengeance; whereas Satan is only his minister, (see Calv. in Psalm 141:4.) But as in the Second Book, (Chap. 4: sec. 3, 4,) in discussing the question of man's freedom, this subject will again be considered, the little that has now been said seems to be all that the occasion requires. The sum of the whole is this, — since the will of God is said to be the cause of all things, all the counsels and actions of men must be held to be governed by his providence; so that he not only exerts his power in the elect, who are guided by the Holy Spirit, but also forces the reprobate to do him service.
Categories: Calvinism, Christian Institutes Tags: Calvinism, Christian Institutes, Divine Providence, Evil, Fate, Govern, John Calvin, Luck, Objections Answered, Rule
Angels and men, good and bad, do nothing but what has been decreed by God
The carnal mind the source of the objections which are raised against the Providence of God. A primary objection, making a distinction between the permission and the will of God, refuted. Angels and men, good and bad, do nought but what has been decreed by God. This proved by examples.
1. From other passages, in which God is said to draw or bend Satan himself, and all the reprobate, to his will, a more difficult question arises. For the carnal mind can scarcely comprehend how, when acting by their means, he contracts no taint from their impurity, nay, how, in a common operation, he is exempt from all guilt, and can justly condemn his own ministers. Hence a distinction has been invented between doing and permitting because to many it seemed altogether inexplicable how Satan and all the wicked are so under the hand and authority of God, that he directs their malice to whatever end he pleases, and employs their iniquities to execute his judgments. The modesty of those who are thus alarmed at the appearance of absurdity might perhaps be excused, did they not endeavor to vindicate the justice of God from every semblance of stigma by defending an untruth. It seems absurd that man should be blinded by the will and command of God, and yet be forthwith punished for his blindness. Hence, recourse is had to the evasion that this is done only by the permission, and not also by the will of God. He himself, however, openly declaring that he does this, repudiates the evasion. That men do nothing save at the secret instigation of God, and do not discuss and deliberate on any thing but what he has previously decreed with himself and brings to pass by his secret direction, is proved by numberless clear passages of Scripture. What we formerly quoted from the Psalms, to the effect that he does whatever pleases him, certainly extends to all the actions of men. If God is the arbiter of peace and war, as is there said, and that without any exception, who will venture to say that men are born along at random with a blind impulse, while He is unconscious or quiescent? But the matter will be made clearer by special examples. From the first chapter of Job we learn that Satan appears in the presence of God to receive his orders, just as do the angels who obey spontaneously. The manner and the end are different, but still the fact is, that he cannot attempt anything without the will of God. But though afterwards his power to afflict the saint seems to be only a bare permission, yet as the sentiment is true, "The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; as it pleased the Lord, so it has been done," we infer that God was the author of that trial of which Satan and wicked robbers were merely the instruments. Satan's aim is to drive the saint to madness by despair. The Sabeans cruelly and wickedly make a sudden incursion to rob another of his goods. Job acknowledges that he was deprived of all his property, and brought to poverty, because such was the pleasure of God. Therefore, whatever men or Satan himself devise, God holds the helm, and makes all their efforts contribute to the execution of his judgments. God wills that the perfidious Ahab should be deceived; the devil offers his agency for that purpose, and is sent with a definite command to be a lying spirit in the mouth of all the prophets, (2 Kings 22:20.) If the blinding and infatuation of Ahab is a judgment from God, the fiction of bare permission is at an end; for it would be ridiculous for a judge only to permit, and not also to decree, what he wishes to be done at the very time that he commits the execution of it to his ministers. The Jews purposed to destroy Christ. Pilate and the soldiers indulged them in their fury; yet the disciples confess in solemn prayer that all the wicked did nothing but what the hand and counsel of God had decreed, (Acts 4:28,) just as Peter had previously said in his discourse, that Christ was delivered to death by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, (Acts 2:23;) in other words, that God, to whom all things are known from the beginning, had determined what the Jews had executed. He repeats the same thing elsewhere, "Those things, which God before had showed by the mouth of all his prophets, that Christ should suffer, he has so fulfilled," (Acts 4:18.) Absalom incestuously defiling his father's bed, perpetrates a detestable crime. God, however, declares that it was his work; for the words are, "Thou midst it secretly, but I will do this thing before all Israel, and before the sun." 141 The cruelties of the Chaldeans in Judea are declared by Jeremiah to be the work of God. For which reason, Nebuchadnezzar is called the servant of God. God frequently exclaims, that by his hiss, by the clang of his trumpet, by his authority and command, the wicked are excited to war. He calls the Assyrian the rod of his anger, and the ax which he wields in his hand. The overthrow of the city and downfall of the temple, he calls his own work. David, not murmuring against God, but acknowledging him to be a just judge, confesses that the curses of Shimei are uttered by his orders. "The Lord," says he, "has bidden him curse." Often in sacred history whatever happens is said to proceed from the Lord, as the revolt of the ten tribes, the death of Eli's sons, and very many others of a similar description. Those who have a tolerable acquaintance with the Scriptures see that, with a view to brevity, I am only producing a few out of many passages, from which it is perfectly clear that it is the merest trifling to substitute a bare permission for the providence of God, as if he sat in a watch-tower waiting for fortuitous events, his judgments meanwhile depending on the will of man.
Categories: Calvinism, Christian Institutes Tags: All Men, Angels, Bad, Calvinism, Chance, Christian Institutes, Divine Providence, Fate, Fortune, God's Decrees, God's Will, Good, Govern, John Calvin, Luck, Rule
Answering the objection that the scripture speaks of an annulment of the divine decrees
Second objection, that Scripture speaks of an annulment of the divine decrees. Objection answered. Answer confirmed by an example.
14. Nor does the Sacred History, while it relates that the destruction which had been proclaimed to the Ninevites was remitted, and the life of Hezekiah, after an intimation of death, prolonged, imply that the decrees of God were annulled. Those who think so labor under delusion as to the meaning of threatening, which, though they affirm simply, nevertheless contain in them a tacit condition dependent on the result. Why did the Lord send Jonah to the Ninevites to predict the overthrow of their city? Why did he by Isaiah give Hezekiah intimation of his death? He might have destroyed both them and him without a message to announce the disaster. He had something else in view than to give them a warning of death, which might let them see it at a distance before it came. It was because he did not wish them destroyed but reformed, and thereby saved from destruction. When Jonah prophesies that in forty days Nineveh will be overthrown, he does it in order to prevent the overthrow. When Hezekiah is forbidden to hope for longer life, it is that he may obtain longer life. Who does not now see that, by threatening of this kind, God wished to arouse those to repentance whom he terrified, that they might escape the judgment which their sins deserved? If this is so, the very nature of the case obliges us to supply a tacit condition in a simple denunciation. This is even confirmed by analogous cases. The Lord rebuking King Abimelech for having carried off the wife of Abraham, uses these words: "Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man's wife." But, after Abimelech's excuse, he thus speaks: "Restore the man his wife, for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live; and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou and all that art thine," (Genesis 20. 3, 7.) You see that, by the first announcement, he makes a deep impression on his mind, that he may render him eager to give satisfaction, and that by the second he clearly explains his will. Since the other passages may be similarly explained, you must not infer from them that the Lord derogated in any respect from his former counsel, because he recalled what he had promulgated. When, by denouncing punishment, he admonishes to repentance those whom he wishes to spare, he paves the way for his eternal decree, instead of varying it one whit either in will or in language. The only difference is, that he does not express, in so many syllables, what is easily understood. The words of Isaiah must remain true, "The Lord of hosts has purposed, and who shall disannul it? And his hand is stretched out, and who shall turn it back?" (Isaiah 14:27.)
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Answering the objection that God repents and his Providence is not fixed
March 2, 2016 reformedontheweb	Leave a comment
The second part of the chapter, disposing of two objections. 1. That Scripture represents God as changing his purpose, or repenting, and that, therefore, his Providence is not fixed. Answer to this first objection. Proof from Scripture that God cannot repent.
On the Providence of God, in so far as conducive to the solid instruction and consolation of believers, (for, as to satisfying the curiosity of foolish men, it is a thing which cannot be done, and ought not to be attempted,) enough would have been said, did not a few passages remain which seem to insinuate, contrary to the view which we have expounded, that the counsel of God is not firm and stable, but varies with the changes of sublunary affairs. First, in reference to the Providence of God, it is said that he repented of having made man, (Genesis 6:6,) and of having raised Saul to the kingdom, (1 Samuel 15:11,) and that he will repent of the evil which he had resolved to inflict on his people as soon as he shall have perceived some amendment in them, (Jeremiah 18:8.) Secondly, his decrees are sometimes said to be annulled. He had by Jonah proclaimed to the Ninevites, "Yet forty days and Nineveh shall be overthrown," but, immediately on their repentance, he inclined to a more merciful sentence, (Jonah 3:4-10.) After he had, by the mouth of Isaiah, given Hezekiah intimation of his death, he was moved by his tears and prayers to defer it, (Isaiah 38:15; 2 Kings 20:15.) Hence many argue that God has not fixed human affairs by an eternal decree, but according to the merits of each individual, and as he deems right and just, disposes of each single year, and day, and hour. As to repentance, we must hold that it can no more exist in God than ignorance, or error, or impotence. If no man knowingly or willingly reduces himself to the necessity of repentance, we cannot attribute repentance to God without saying either that he knows not what is to happen, or that he cannot evade it, or that he rushes precipitately and inconsiderately into a resolution, and then forthwith regrets it. But so far is this from the meaning of the Holy Spirit, that in the very mention of repentance he declares that God is not influenced by any feeling of regret, that he is not a man that he should repent. And it is to be observed, that, in the same chapter, both things are so conjoined, that a comparison of the passages admirably removes the appearance of contradiction. When it is said that God repented of having made Saul king, the term change is used figuratively. Shortly after, it is added, "The Strength of Israel will not lie nor repent; for he is not a man, that he should repent," (1 Samuel 15:29.) In these words, his immutability is plainly asserted without figure. Wherefore it is certain that, in administering human affairs, the ordination of God is perpetual and superior to every thing like repentance. That there might be no doubt of his constancy, even his enemies are forced to bear testimony to it. For, Balaam, even against his will, behaved to break forth into this exclamation, "God is not a man, that he should lie; neither the son of man, that he should repent: has he said, and shall he not do it? or has he spoken, and shall he not make it good?" (Numbers 23:19.)
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When once the light of Divine Providence has illumined the believer's soul, he is relieved and set free
The use of the foregoing meditation.
11. But when once the light of Divine Providence has illumined the believer's soul, he is relieved and set free, not only from the extreme fear and anxiety which formerly oppressed him, but from all care. For as he justly shudders at the idea of chance, so he can confidently commit himself to God. This, I say, is his comfort, that his heavenly Father so embraces all things under his power — so governs them at will by his nod — so regulates them by his wisdom, that nothing takes place save according to his appointment; that received into his favor, and entrusted to the care of his angels neither fire, nor water, nor sword, can do him harm, except in so far as God their master is pleased to permit. For thus sings the Psalm, "Surely he shall deliver thee from the snare of the fowler, and from the noisome pestilence. He shall cover thee with his feathers, and under his wings shalt thou trust; his truth shall be thy shield and buckler. Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night; nor for the arrow that flieth by day; nor for the pestilence that walketh in darkness; nor for the destruction that wasteth at noonday" etc. (Psalm 91:2 6.) Hence the exulting confidence of the saints, "The Lord is on my side; I will not fear: what can man do unto me? The Lord taketh my part with them that help me." "Though an host should encamp against me, my heart shall not fear." "Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil." (Psalm 118:6; 27:3; 23:4.)
How comes it, I ask, that their confidence never fails, but just that while the world apparently revolves at random, they know that God is every where at work, and feel assured that his work will be their safety? When assailed by the devil and wicked men, were they not confirmed by remembering and meditating on Providence, they should, of necessity, forthwith despond. But when they call to mind that the devil, and the whole train of the ungodly, are, in all directions, held in by the hand of God as with a bridle, so that they can neither conceive any mischief, nor plan what they have conceived, nor how much soever they may have planned, move a single finger to perpetrate, unless in so far as he permits, nay, unless in so far as he commands; that they are not only bound by his fetters, but are even forced to do him service, — when the godly think of all these things they have ample sources of consolation. For, as it belongs to the Lord to arm the fury of such foes and turn and destine it at pleasure, so it is his also to determine the measure and the end, so as to prevent them from breaking loose and wantoning as they list. Supported by this conviction, Paul, who had said in one place that his journey was hindered by Satan, (1 Thessalonians 2:18,) in another resolves, with the permission of God, to undertake it, (1 Corinthians 16:7.) If he had only said that Satan was the obstacle, he might have seemed to give him too much power, as if he were able even to overturn the counsels of God; but now, when he makes God the disposer, on whose permission all journeys depend, he shows, that however Satan may contrive, he can accomplish nothing except in so far as He pleases to give the word. For the same reason, David, considering the various turns which human life undergoes as it rolls, and in a manner whirls around, retakes himself to this asylum, "My times are in thy hand," (Psalm 31:15.) He might have said the course of life or time in the singular number, but by times he meant to express, that how unstable soever the condition of man may be, the vicissitudes which are ever and anon taking place are under divine regulation. Hence Rezin and the king of Israel, after they had joined their forces for the destruction of Israel, and seemed torches which had been kindled to destroy and consume the land, are termed by the prophet "smoking fire brands." They could only emit a little smoke, (Isaiah 7:4.) So Pharaoh, when he was an object of dread to all by his wealth and strength, and the multitude of his troops, is compared to the largest of beasts, while his troops are compared to fishes; and God declares that he will take both leader and army with his hooks, and drag them whither he pleases, (Ezekiel 29:4.) In one word, not to dwell longer on this, give heed, and you will at once perceive that ignorance of Providence is the greatest of all miseries, and the knowledge of it the highest happiness.
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Though human life is beset with innumerable evils, the righteous, trusting to Divine Providence, feel perfectly secure
Meditation continued.
15. Though human life is beset with innumerable evils, the righteous, trusting to Divine Providence, feel perfectly secure.
10. Here we are forcibly reminded of the inestimable felicity of a pious mind. Innumerable are the ills which beset human life, and present death in as many different forms. Not to go beyond ourselves, since the body is a receptacle, nay the nurse, of a thousand diseases, a man cannot move without carrying along with him many forms of destruction. His life is in a manner interwoven with death. For what else can be said where heat and cold bring equal danger? Then, in what direction soever you turn, all surrounding objects not only may do harm, but almost openly threaten and seem to present immediate death. Go on board a ship, you are but a plank's breadth from death. Mount a horse, the stumbling of a foot endangers your life. Walk along the streets, every tile upon the roofs is a source of danger. If a sharp instrument is in your own hand, or that of a friend, the possible harm is manifest. All the savage beasts you see are so many beings armed for your destruction. Even within a high walled garden, where everything ministers to delight, a serpent will sometimes lurk. Your house, constantly exposed to fire, threatens you with poverty by day, with destruction by night. Your fields, subject to hail, mildew, drought, and other injuries, denounce barrenness, and thereby famine. I say nothing of poison, treachery, robbery, some of which beset us at home, others follow us abroad. Amid these perils, must not man be very miserable, as one who, more dead than alive, with difficulty draws an anxious and feeble breath, just as if a drawn sword were constantly suspended over his neck? It may be said that these things happen seldom, at least not always, or to all, certainly never all at once. I admit it; but since we are reminded by the example of others, that they may also happen to us, and that our life is not an exception any more than theirs, it is impossible not to fear and dread as if they were to befall us. What can you imagine more grievous than such trepidation? Add that there is something like an insult to God when it is said, that man, the noblest of the creatures, stands exposed to every blind and random stroke of fortune. Here, however, we were only referring to the misery which man should feel, were he placed under the dominion of chance.
Categories: Calvinism, Christian Institutes Tags: Calvinism, Chance, Christian Institutes, Divine Providence, Evil, Fate, Govern, John Calvin, Luck, Rule, Secure, Trust


So there are characters who are able to telekinetically control cloth the way a waterbender controls water. Do we have a trope for this?
No, this is not Cloth Fu, as that involves throwing a stray cloth or using it as a weapon such as a garrote.
Clothing Combat, likely with shades of Morph Weapon, Cape Wings, Flying Weapon, Swiss Army Weapon, and maybe even Combat Tentacles. Subtrope of Mind over Matter and Improvised Weapon.


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