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You are here: Foswiki>CounterJihadism Web>ProjectGroup3 (18 Feb 2013, DespoinaMountanea)Edit Attach
Analysis of the Most Popular Content on an Anti-Islamic Facebook Page
Ana Crisostomo
Despoina Mountanea
Joe Mier
Juliana Marques
"Counter-Jihad" is a movement that treats Muslims as anathema to Western societies, as a people who are involved in violent practices under the command of their religion, and their immigration to the West implies the poisoning of the latter (Lowles 2). There is a deliberate focus on the hardline radical Islamists and their acts, whilst totally ignoring that the largest section of Muslims do not endorse such extremist views, and rather want to enjoy a peaceful life (Lowles 1). Hence, in order to spread their extreme views against Islam, Counter Jihadists do not hesitate to make generalizations and be partial at the expense of the big part of the population which is opposed to such atrocities (Lowles 1).
Recent example of the Anders Breivik case on July 2011 proves how the press rushed out to make assumptions about the unknown - until the moment the article was published - identity of the attacker. In one of the first editorials of the Wall Street Journal, the issue was approached from a 'war-on-terror' rhetoric scope (Kundnani 1). The columnist described Norway as a victim of Muslim terrorism, and the issue as an attack against the democratic values, which govern Western culture (Kundnani 1). The ease with which the writer was led to incorrect conclusions is built upon a general way of thinking, which makes a clear distinction between 'us' and 'them'; between the opposers and the agents of terrorism (Kundnani 1). This kind of narrative contradicts the liberal values of Western society with the religiously-motivated values within the context of Islam, and calls for a radical transformation of the whole Muslim population (Kundadni 1, 8).
Permeated in different cultures worldwide, online networks span geographical boundaries to allow engagement between users outside of physical constraints. Within the web, social media websites, such as Facebook, have an important role in developing virtual interactions and discussions about a variety of topics. For our research project, we deal with the way in which religious radicals and anti-Muslim organizations manifest their polemical issues online, through pages and groups created in the social network. We begin with a number of questions: What kinds of posts (statuses, links, photos) are most popular and receive the most user engagement? What are the sources for the content? Can we find an overarching trend among the issues being discussed? In the following sections, we outline how we first create lists of these offline groups and their corresponding online social networks; organize the content into categories and codes; and report implications in the content analysis of an anti-Muslim Facebook group.
What insights can be found when performing a content analysis on the content most engaged with on Anti-Islamic Facebook pages?
What type of content originates more reactions?
Are there particular themes explored in most posts?
Can specific narratives be derived from the posts? If so, how are they constructed?
We built our research upon expert lists created by resources like the Southern Poverty Law Center and HOPE not Hate. The work of these groups had been compiled in the Wikipedia page of Souther Poverty Law Center, so we could easily cross-list this to Facebook to find their online network presence. We then made a list of these Facebook groups and pages and the quantity of their engagement in the form of likes and members. We came to a list of 36 pages, and decided to use the page Stop the Islamization of the World as our case study since it was the most active global community of an anti-Muslim page on Facebook, with 18,916 "likes" when the project started in 15 January 2013.
After selecting the page, we analyzed its data and "engagement," such as posts, likes, and comments, by using the NetVizz Facebook app to create an excel spreadsheet that made data rows of each post. We could then easily see what type of post (link, post, or picture) was most reacted upon. Finding the pictures that were the most liked and commented on, we then used a form of content analysis to analyze these images. We first came up with a list of top 99 most popular images in the page (originating 25% of the reactions), since its first post in July 2010. Then, in order to perform an in-depth content analysis, we selected the top 31 most popular images, corresponding to 20% of the total percentage of sharing, commenting, and likes. We described them according to the message conveyed, respective sources, and users' discussions.
Page overview: Stop Islamization of the World, (January 18, 2013)
It only has posts made by administrator and page owners. It has:
287.080 reactions (likes, shares, comments)
Average of 7 posts per day
Average of 345 reactions per day
Average of 50 reactions per post
Analyzing all types of content and engagement on this page, we could see that links correspond to 3/4 of all content posted in the page, and more than half of the reactions are expressed by users in "likes".
After gathering all information on the page, we could verify that on a temporal analysis, the total number of posts on the page has been decreasing, but the amount of posts creating a higher level of engagement has been increasing. This result can be seen in this graphic. In addition, we made another graphic which shows that users engage the most with images. Out of top 100 "most engaged with" posts (# likes, comments, shares), 99 are images.
In order to verify how the anti-Islamic narrative is constructed in the page, we described 31 most popular engaged pictures. Moreover, we used Google Images to verify the source of those images, or where they also have been reproduced. In this research, we could see that most of the pictures are montages, decontextualized and presents a lack of sources and credibility. On example is the most "liked" picture, with a quote from American actor Bill Cosby. One year before this post, he affirmed that this was a spam, an denied the quote on his official page. Another example is the most commented photo, a polemic "crucified cat", which was popularized online after the riots caused by the movie "The Innocence of Muslims". However, a Danish blog found out that this action is not neither related with the movie or the religion. By verifying the exchangeable file format of the image, the discovered that the picture was taken by an iPhone, in Angola, November 10, 2010.
It is also interesting to point out that the most engaging photo on the page (which proportionally has received an higher overall number of likes, comments and shares) has some interesting attributes. The photo is a meme, a montage with an ironic and "comic" bias. It shows how the page works as a cathartic space rather than a discussion space. In addition, the photos work as a spark and are designed to pursue an explicit interpretation.
The most common type of content: more than ¾ of the content posted is a link
The most common type of engagement: more than half of the reactions are expressed in the form of a "Like"
The most predominant characteristics according to the message conveyed
The most often issue depicted on the images
Top 31 images
Most liked image
Most commented image
Most "engaged with" image overall
In the 'Statement of Rights and Responsibilities', Facebook sets a number of commitments on the part of users, as a way of fighting against digital hate (Citron and Norton 1484). In one of these, the users are requested in a straightforward way to not post content that: 'is hate speech, threatening, or pornographic; incites violence; or contains nudity or graphic or gratuitous violence.' And continuing, it mentions that users 'should not use Facebook to do anything unlawful, misleading, malicious, or discriminatory' (Facebook 2012).
In the Facebook page of our case study, the administrator(s) state(s) at the 'company's overview' section that 'This site is not to incite religious hatred. It is solely to raise awareness about increased islamization of the world and to defend freedom of expression for all people' (SIOW Facebook page 2012).However, this claim throughout our research was put into question. According to our classification, the pictures provide a rather biased picture of Islam. The characteristics attributed to Islam could be described, briefly, with words such as: terrorism, regressive, cruel, violent, or non-peaceful. Most of the times, the sources from where the images are extracted are missing or the images have been processed in a way that distorts the truth; a representative example is the image of Bill Cosby which displays a statement he never made. Others depict real acts of violence which, nevertheless, are not related to Muslims or Islam.
Having a look at some of the users' comments – as feasible as it was in terms of our study - we saw that the pictures trigger counter-speech, which is though limited to a labeling of Muslims rather than a fruitful dialogue between the users. Throughout our research we managed to locate some characteristics of hate speech, as defined by William Warner and Julia Hirschberg (20). The use of the terms Islam or Muslims is unnecessarily invoked in many of the image composites. In this way, together with the systematic labeling of their religion, we could see how hateful language was conveyed (20). Also, the lack of sources together with the anonymity of the administrator(s) reinforce this argument (20).
Our speculation was focused on how polemical issues are discussed online through pages and groups by religious radicals. Throughout our study we focused on the kinds of posts (statuses, links, photos) that are most popular and receive the most user engagement on one of the most active anti-Muslim communities on Facebook, that of "Stop Islamization of the World". Taking into consideration our findings, we were led to some serious conclusions. A high level of user engagement is channeled through re-contextualized images, lacking of sources. Most of the images lead to a guided interpretation, due to the fact that they have been edited or they display additional text, leaving no space for further interpretations. Lastly, the prevalence of shocking photos gives the impression that the page acts as cathartic space rather than a place for discourse. Taking into account that these implications cannot be generalized, we would like to propose some additional questioning for future research:
Can the findings of this page be considered typical for pages with similar content?
Do the posts denote some sort of "editorial agenda" and reflect offline events?
Citron, Danielle Keats and Norton, Helen. "Intermediaries and Hate Speech: Fostering Digital Citizenship for our Information Age." University of Maryland School of Law 91:1435. 2011-16 (2011): 1435-1484.
Facebook (2012). Netvizz Facebook app. < https://lab.digitalmethods.net/~brieder/facebook/netvizz/ >
Facebook (2013). "Stop Islamization of the Wordl, " < http://www.facebook.com/SIOTW?fref=ts>
Facebook (2013). "Terms and Conditions," < https://www.facebook.com/legal/terms >
Hope not Hate (current).< http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/&gt >
Kundnani, Arun. "Blind-Spot? Security Narratives and Far-Right Violence in Europe". International Centre for Counter-Terrorism - The Hague. 2012.
Lowles. Nick. "Counter-Jihad Report: Introduction." Hope not Hate. 24 August 2012. Searchlight Information Services Ltd. 21 December 2012. < http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/counter-jihad/ >.
Southern Poverty Law Center. < http://www.splcenter.org />
Warner, William and Julia Hirschberg. "Detecting Hate Speech on the World Wide Web. Proceedings of the 2012 Workshop on Language in Social Media." Association for Computational Linguistics. (2012): 19-26.
Wikipedia (current). "List of Organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as Hate groups". < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_organizations_designated_by_the_Southern_Poverty_Law_Center_as_hate_groups#Anti-Muslim >
jpg 20120612_3874.jpg manage 49 K 18 Feb 2013 - 14:43 DespoinaMountanea Most liked image
jpg 20120709_4213.jpg manage 118 K 18 Feb 2013 - 14:45 DespoinaMountanea Most "engaged with" image overall
jpg 20120917_3839.jpg manage 37 K 18 Feb 2013 - 14:45 DespoinaMountanea Most commented image
png according_to_the_message_conveyed.png manage 41 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:29 DespoinaMountanea The most often issues depicted on images
xlsx final__page_with_sources.xlsx manage 487 K 20 Jan 2013 - 15:22 JulianaMarques Picture analysis with sources
png number_of_posts_per_month.png manage 180 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:21 DespoinaMountanea Total number of posts per month
png number_of_reactions_per_months.png manage 166 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:25 DespoinaMountanea Number of reactions per month
png the_most_predominant_charachteristics.png manage 92 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:27 DespoinaMountanea The most predominant characteristics according to the message conveyed
png top_31_Images_(20_of_the_overall_posts).png manage 601 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:30 DespoinaMountanea Top 31 images (20% of the overall posts)
png type_of_content.png manage 99 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:15 DespoinaMountanea The most common type of content: more than 3/4 of the content posted is a link
png type_of_engagement.png manage 78 K 21 Jan 2013 - 19:19 DespoinaMountanea ¨The most common type of engagement: more than half of the reactions are expressed in the form of a "Like"
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Soup's On for Ontario Students
Brenda Visser
Walk in the door of the Geneva Fellowship on Wednesday evening and you'll find yourself in a homey setting: shoes in the foyer, the smell of soup in the air, and laughter and conversation all around.
Geneva Fellowship is the Christian Reformed campus ministry at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Situated in an old brick house, Geneva Fellowship has been in existence for almost 40 years, its home-like atmosphere appealing to students.
With the help of members from Westside Fellowship and First CRCs in Kingston, soup suppers are held throughout the school year.
Jonathan VanOostveen said the soup supper is a "really cool thing." He also has been involved in the study groups at Geneva Fellowship and likes that there are a lot of people from different walks of life.
Candace Adema, who grew up in the Philippines, especially likes the soup suppers because ". . . it is easy to invite people, and it is not intimidating." Up to 50 students attend the weekly free supper.
The students are very positive about their experiences at Geneva Fellowship. Adema said there is a big social impact and that you can feel ". . . part of a community right away." Amos Cohoe agreed. He did not get involved in the Fellowship until after graduation and is now an employee of Queens, but to him it feels a lot like home. "I keep going because of the people."
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Andi Dorfman, breakout star of ABC's The Bachelorette and New York Times best-selling author of It's Not Okay, returns with this new collection of her adventures as a still-single gal surviving and thriving in New York City.
Andi's book is fun and relatable. Nothing profound necessarily, but definitely held my interest from start to finish. She has a bad potty mouth FYI! Just be prepared in case profanity offends you...F bombs everywhere!
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Our pilot had, up to this point, been cheerful, announcing himself a "smooth ride advocate" and promising little in the way of turbulence.
No. No no no no no. I'm flying-phobic as it is, and "intense turbulence on a plane" is my own personal worst nightmare. Still, it's not like there was anything I could do to escape it – and so I gritted my teeth, and prayed, and God got me through the pitchy bumps and shuddering and shaking until we landed in the middle of an all-out storm that shook the jet-way as we disembarked.
I was indignant. And scared. I had expected God to deliver me from severe turbulence like he had on almost every other flight before, but this time it seemed I was going to have to face it not once, but twice.
The second time was worse. In a smaller plane, you feel everything more, and I focused on the wing of the plane that I could see outside my window as the plane shook, pitched, and dropped in minuscule increments that were barely visible to the eye but felt like a roller coaster to the stomach. I prayed, and the praying went something like this: God, You wouldn't have put me here if You couldn't get me through it. So please help get me through it. Only fifteen minutes.
It felt like forever. But it wasn't. And the fifteen minutes passed. I was able to face a tremendous fear of mine both because of God's presence and because God had intervened to package that fear into a bite-size portion that I could endure. Think of something that sounds painful or difficult or challenging to you. I'm sure the thought of enduring it ad infinitum sounds miserable. But could you endure it for fifteen minutes? For ten? For five?
Suffering, large and small, trivial and profound, becomes more bearable when we know that there's an end in sight. You're able to put away your rage and irritation about the crowded highway when you see the exit ramp sign only moments away. You can visit a suffering friend at the hospital and feel cheer when you know that soon they'll be on their feet again. Your child's cries from the boo-boo he just received tug at your heart, but it's comforting to know in two minutes he'll be crawling back up the monkey bars.
The great news of our faith is that all our suffering has an endpoint. There will be an conclusion to all the pains and frustrations we endure. God promises it – over and over and over again. In fact, He makes a point to promise it over and over again, as though He knows we need to hear that our suffering in this life will have an endpoint and that eventually everything will be okay.
Jesus, who cried at Lazarus' grave and who suffered the emotional gut-punch of John the Baptist's brutal death, surely understood the scope of human sickness and sadness. He saw and lived and breathed grief and hurt. He himself suffered and knew pain. We know He was able to endure it because He knew what waited ahead; touchingly, He wants us to be able to endure our own hurt hearing knowing what waits ahead.
Your suffering is time-limited. Yes, it may seem like a lifetime. Yes, it may be for a lifetime. But in the span of God's plan, a lifetime is small. Your suffering has an end-date. It will end. And for the length of time that you are required to endure it, God will provide whatever it is that you need to get through.
So when you are in the middle of suffering and it feels like forever, take some small comfort in knowing that it isn't. God won't permit it to go on without end. Your hurt and your struggles have an end date – and beyond them, there is the promise of nothing but sheer joy and calm.
Posted on May 4, 2018 May 4, 2018 by samaritansongPosted in Christian growth, Christian life, Christian living, Christianity, suffering, trials, UncategorizedTagged Christian growth, Christian living, Christianity, flying, struggles, suffering, trials.
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Excellent post! I especially liked, "The great news of our faith is that all our suffering has an endpoint." So true and best to remember.
I'm so glad! Yes, it really is helpful to keep in mind!
I read this last week, but it kept coming to mind throughout the week. My husband and I are both going through tough seasons in our jobs. For me, it is the end of the school year, so I know I have 14 more days to get through. It is not the same for his situation, but reminding myself that his season will also pass has helped me to keep the right perspective through all of this. Thank you for sharing.
I'm so glad it was helpful to you! Those job woes can be tough – they seep into almost everything. Hoping God brings clarity and resolution soon!


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Home › Recent Last Gasp Publishing › Zap Comix #15
Zap Comix #15
Saddlestitched
Black and white illustrations throughout
7.0″ x 10.0″ x 0.1″
Robert Crumb with Victor Moscoso, Robert Williams, Spain Rodriguez, Gilbert Shelton
The first new issue of Zap Comix in over five years! This is the fifteenth historic issue of the comic started in 1968 by Robert Crumb, who drew the two first issues (#0 and #1) —Zap Comix introduced readers to the genre of Underground Comix. The first five issues defined the scope of the new art, inspired by but completely detached from previous comics styles. Zap artists became the reference for a new generation of cartoonists, lifting them from the confines of the Comics Code to the rank of recognized art form. This issue includes work by Robert Crumb, S. Clay Wilson, Gilbert Shelton, Spain Rodriguez, Victor Moscoso, Paul Mavrides —and a jam comic from all six, plus work by Robert Williams! Designed to be read in both directions, with great cover art on both covers.
American Flyer Funnies Number Two Larry Welz
Hi-Fructose Collected Edition, Vol. 1 - Softcover Edition Attaboy
ZAPC15 • LGP • LG-Z


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Amid abuse scandal, 90% fewer Irish Catholics attend Pope Francis' Mass than Pope John Paul II's
Kim Hjelmgaard
In a sign of the Catholic Church's struggles with one of its most faithful followers, fewer than a quarter of an expected crowd of a half-million people attended Pope Francis' public Mass last week in Dublin.
The pope's Mass in Dublin's Phoenix Park on Sunday drew 135,000 people, far short of the estimated 500,000 people forecast to attend, according to official estimates published by Irish Central, The Journal and other Irish news sites. During the last papal visit to Ireland – in 1979 – Pope John Paul II attracted more than 1 million for a public Mass. That's a drop-off rate of almost 90 percent.
More:Pope laments abuse in 1st post-bombshell Vatican appearance
The low turnout is viewed as a reflection of the Catholic Church's weakening hold on Irish life amid decades of child sex abuse scandals and alleged Vatican cover-ups.
It also comes amid intense pressure on the Catholic Church following a grand jury report in Pennsylvania that found that 301 clergy members throughout the state had been accused of sexually abusing more than 1,000 children stretching back 70 years.
"Regarding the report made public in Pennsylvania this week, there are two words that can express the feelings faced with these horrible crimes: shame and sorrow," Vatican spokesman Greg Burke wrote in a statement.
One of the United States' largest self-described atheist groups, The Freedom From Religion Foundation, has called on the pope to resign his position over the scandal.
"Priests were raping little boys and girls, and the men of God who were responsible for them not only did nothing; they hid it all," the group said in ad published this week in The New York Times, urging people to abandon the church. "Six dioceses, three hundred predatory priests, a staggering 1,000-plus victims. No bishops indicted. The pope's response? All words, no action – except, insultingly, to call on the faithful to 'pray and fast.' "
About 80 percent of Irish people described themselves as Catholic in the last census in 2016, but a series of sexual abuse scandals involving Irish clergy in the 1990s, plus harrowing stories of the Catholic Church's cruel treatment of unmarried, pregnant women in Ireland going back decades, has dramatically undermined support for the church.
In recent years, Ireland has also legalized abortion, same-sex marriage, divorce and other aspects of modern life once considered taboo in the Catholic-majority nation.
Ireland has among the highest percentage of Catholics worldwide in relation to their population. It is home to an estimated 4 million Catholics, who comprise about 88 percent of the country's total population, according to the U.S.-based Pew Research Center. Worldwide, there are an estimated 1.1 billion Catholics.


text:
\section{Introduction}

In quantum mechanics, there are only few
problems whose Hamiltonians can be solved exactly. However for any
arbitrary Hamiltonian one has to use some sort of approximations [1].
Perturbation theory is one of the few principal methods of approximation for
solution to eigenvalue problems in quantum mechanics [1-10]. In perturbation
theory one needs to solve the Hamiltonian of the type
\begin{equation}
H = H_{0} + \lambda H_{1}
\label{eqn1}
\end{equation}
where $H_{0}$ is the unperturbed Hamiltonian, which can be solved exactly
 and $\lambda H_{1}$ is the
perturbation term. If $E$ corresponds to energy of the total Hamiltonian $H$
and $E_n^0$ corresponds to unperturbed Hamiltonian $H_{0}$, then one can
obtain $E$ in two different ways as
\begin{equation}
E =f(E_n^0, \, \lambda)
\label{eqn2}
\end{equation}
or
\begin{equation}
E =f(E,\,E_n^0 ,\, \lambda )
\label{eqn3}
\end{equation}

Let us analyse the above two relations. From the relation in Eq (\ref{eqn2}) it is evident
that R.H.S is a function of known energy $E_n^0$ and coupling constant. This method of
calculation is known as constant function perturbation theory as seen from the
literature [1-8]. Now analyse the the relation in Eq (\ref{eqn3}). In this case
both L.H.S and R.H.S are the function of unknown energy $E$. This type of perturbation
series is known as nonlinear series. The most simplest nonlinear perturbation
series is the Morse-Feshbach nonlinear perturbation series (MFNPS) [9-10].
Further it is seen that almost all attemption of perturbation theory reflect Eq (\ref{eqn2})
with AHO as an example. So far there is very few work on nonlinear series reflecting
Eq (\ref{eqn3}). Because of highly nonlinear in nature MFNPS is extremely difficult to solve
analytically and needs high computational skill to solve it numerically in order to get
higher order convergency. Even the most simplest form of nonlinear series is the MFNPS is
in literature for more than fifty years in literature, only it has been applied only to
the ground state of AHO [10]. The basic aim of this paper is to study the
applicability of this series by calculating excited state energy considering AHO
as an example. In a more explicit version of the aim is to address the followings:

\begin{itemize}
 \item whether the convergency on ground state energy obtained previously [10] can be
improved by introducing multi step optimal splitting parameter?

\item whether the  previous method applied for ground state will remain valid for the excited state energy calculation?

\item whether for excited state energy calculation one has to make some modification?

\end{itemize}

To arrive at a suitable conclusion to above questions we have to make a
 systematic study in the following sections.

\section{Morse-Feshbach nonlinear perturbation  series (MFNPS)}

In this section we write the MFNPS in a simplified language .
Let us  solve the unperturbed Hamiltonian
\begin{equation}
H_{0}\, |n\rangle=E_{n}^{(0)}\,|n\rangle
\label{eqn4}
\end{equation}
where $|n\rangle$ is the unperturbed eigenfunction corresponding to energy eigenvalue
$E_{n}^{(0)}$. According to MFNPS the energy $E$ for the perturbed Hamiltonian $H$ is given as
\begin{eqnarray}
E_{n} &=& E_{n}^{(0)} +\lambda \, \langle n|H_{1}|n \rangle + \lambda^{2}\,
\sum_{m \neq n}\frac {\langle n|H_{1}|m \rangle \, \langle m|H_{1}|n\rangle}{(E_{n}-E_{m}^{(0)})} \nonumber \\
&+& \lambda^{3} \,\sum_{m,k \neq n} \frac {\langle n|H_{1}|m \rangle \, \langle m|H_{1}|k\rangle \, \langle k|H_{1}|n \rangle}{(E_{n}-E_{m}^{(0)})(E-E_{k}^{(0)}} \nonumber \\
&+& \lambda^{4} \, \sum_{m,k,p \neq n}\frac{\langle n|H_{1}|m\rangle \, \langle m|H_{1}|k\rangle\,\langle k|H_{1}|p\rangle \,\langle p|H_{1}|n\rangle}{(E_{n}-E_{m}^{(0)})(E_{n}-E_{k}^{(0)})(E_{n}-E_{p}^{(0)}) } \nonumber \\
&+&\lambda^{5} \, \sum_{m,k,p,q \neq n}\frac {\langle n|H_{1}|m\rangle\,\langle m|H_{1}|k\rangle\,\langle k|H_{1}|p\rangle \, \langle p|H_{1}|q\rangle\,\langle q|H_{1}|n\rangle}{(E_{n}-E_{m}^{(0)})(E_{n}-E_{k}^{(0)})(E_{n}-E_{p}^{(0)})(E_{n}-E_{q}^{(0)}) } \nonumber \\
&\cdots& + \,\, \lambda^{K} \sum_{m \cdots z \neq n}\frac {\langle n|H_{1}|m\rangle \cdots \, \langle z|H_{1}|n\rangle}{(E_{n}-E_{m}^{(0)})........(E_{n}-E_{z}^{(0)}) }
\label{eqn5}
\end{eqnarray}
Here $K$ is the order of perturbation in MFNPS.

\section{Higher order calculation on convergence test for groundstate using two step optimal splitting}

In this section we test the convergence of the ground state energy of the
AHO, whose Hamiltonian is given as
\begin{equation}
H=\frac{ p^{2}}{2}+\frac{ x^{2}}{2}+\lambda\, x^{4}
\label{eqn6}
\end{equation}
using two step optimal splitting in higher order calculation.
The coordinates $x$ and momentum $p$ satisfy the relation
\begin{equation}
[x,p] = i\hbar
\label{eqn7}
\end{equation}
Now we rewrite the Hamiltonian in Eq (\ref{eqn6}) as
\begin{equation}
H=\frac{ p^{2}}{2} + w^{2} \, \frac{ x^{2}}{2} + \lambda \, x^{4} - f(x)
\label{eqn8}
\end{equation}

where
\begin{equation}
f(x)=\frac {6 \lambda x^{2}}{2w}
\label{eqn9}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
w^{2}= 1 + \frac {6\lambda}{w}
\label{eqn10}
\end{equation}
Further we rewrite the Eq (\ref{eqn8}) as
\begin{equation}
H=\frac{ p^{2}}{2}+ W_{1}^{2} \frac{ x^{2}}{2}+\lambda x^{4} - f(x) -  F_{1}(x)
\label{eqn11}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
F_{1}(x)=\frac {6\lambda x^{2}}{2W_{1}}
\label{eqn12}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
W_{1}^{2}= w^{2} + \frac {6\lambda}{W_{1}}
\label{eqn13}
\end{equation}
Now we rewrite the Hamiltonian as
\begin{equation}
H = H_{D} +H_{N}
\label{eqn14}
\end{equation}
where $H_{D}$ is the diagonal term and considered as unperturbed Hamiltonian.
Similarly $H_{N}$ is the non-diagonal term and considered as perturbation term.
The explicit expression for $H_{D}$ in terms of creation operator $a^{\dagger}$ and
annihilation operator $a$ is
\begin{equation}
H_{D}= \frac{\left(W_1 + \frac{\textstyle{1}}{\textstyle{W_1}}\right) (2\,a^{\dagger}a +1)}{4} +
\lambda \, \,\frac{3+ 12 a^{\dagger}a + 6 (a^{\dagger})^2 a^2}{4W_1^2}
\label{eqn15}
\end{equation}
Similarly the expression for $H_{N}$ in terms of creation operator $a^{\dagger}$ and
annihilation operator $a$ is
\begin{equation}
H_{N}= \lambda \, \left[\frac{a^4 + (a^{\dagger})^4 + 4 (a^{\dagger})^3 a + 4 a^{\dagger} a^3}{4W_1^2} -
\frac{3(a^2 + (a^{\dagger})^2)}{2 w W_1} \right ]
\label{eqn16}
\end{equation}

The non zero expectation values of the diagonal Hamiltonian $H_D$ are given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_D| n \rangle =\left(\frac{2n+1}{4}\right)\left (W_1 + \frac{1}{W_1} \right) + \frac{3 \lambda}{4 W_1^2}(2n^2 + 2n +1)
\label{eqn17}
\end{equation}

The non zero expectation values of the non-diagonal Hamiltonian $H_N$ are given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+2 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)}}{W_1} \, \left(\frac{n}{W_1} - \frac{3}{2 w}\right)
\label{eqn18}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+4 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)(n+4)}}{4W_1^2}
\label{eqn19}
\end{equation}

Now replacing $\lambda H_{1}=H_{N}$ and $H_{0}=H_{D} $ in Eq (\ref{eqn1}, \ref{eqn4}, \ref{eqn5})
 we calculate the groundstate energy of the AHO up to
$14$ order and the results are given in Table\ref{tab1}.

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\hline
\hline
& Order &  &  &  Convergent value $E_0$ with   \cr
& K     &  &  &  $w= 2.0$                \cr
&       &  &  &  $W_1=2.52510225481$     \cr
\hline
\hline
& 0 & & & 	0.847907429  \cr
& 1 & & & 	0.847907429  \cr
& 2 & & & 	0.8041081069829833  \cr
& 3 & & & 	0.8039091999664616  \cr
& 4 & & & 	0.8037978280048715  \cr
& 5 & & & 	0.8037792238820139  \cr
& 6 & & & 	0.8037726920274627  \cr
& 7 & & & 	0.8037713351909546  \cr
& 8 & & & 	0.8037708048619517  \cr
& 9 & & & 	0.8037707015253137  \cr
& 10 & & &	0.8037706427848315  \cr
& 11 & & &	0.8037706383463737  \cr
& 12 & & &	0.8037706263550815  \cr
& 13 & & &	0.8037706301691552  \cr
& 14 & & &	0.8037706243946594  \cr
& 15 & & &	0.8037706287404748  \cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Convergent value for ground state energy $E_0$ of an AHO with $\lambda =1$ in  MFNPS using two-step optimal splitting parameters.}
\label{tab1}
\end{table}

\section{Higher order calculation on convergence test for groundstate using multi step optimal splitting}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc}
\hline
\hline
  	&  &   Convergent value $E_0$     & &  Convergent value $E_0$      & &  Convergent value $E_0$     \cr
      	&  &   $w= 2.0$             & &  $w= 2.0$              & &  $w= 2.0$             \cr
 Order  &  &   $W_1=2.52510225481$  & &  $W_1=2.52510225481$   & &  $W_1=2.52510225481$  \cr
 K      &  &   $W=2.90538656129$    & &  $W_2=2.90538656129$   & &  $W_2=2.90538656129$  \cr
        &  &                        & &  $W_3=3.21090388686$   & &  $W_3=3.21090388686$  \cr
        &  &                        & &                        & &  $W_4=3.46974595594$  \cr
\hline
\hline
 0 & & 0.901242878		& &	0.953331243		& &	1.00178467		\cr
 1 & & 0.901242878		& &	0.953331243		& &	1.00178467		\cr
 2 & & 0.8022224007956986	& &	0.8042036141630704	& &	0.8092189699904901	\cr
 3 & & 0.8054651813042190	& &	0.8096942202109880	& &	0.8159975210361090	\cr
 4 & & 0.8037461158266676	& &	0.8035523554262308	& &	0.8036525961629886	\cr
 5 & & 0.8038036096317446	& &	0.8040771905224384	& &	0.8048413909234290	\cr
 6 & & 0.8037708004664887	& &	0.8037491193175370	& &	0.8037061119915903	\cr
 7 & & 0.8037713901307034	& &	0.8037870364646635	& &	0.8038694389755376	\cr
 8 & & 0.8037706721375962	& &	0.8037690121024319	& &	0.8037599392046063	\cr
 9 & & 0.8037706545007351	& &	0.8037715434308201	& &	0.8037800051832189	\cr
 10 & & 0.8037706342530531	& &	0.8037705356047065	& &	0.8037692091978080	\cr
 11 & & 0.8037706322885981	& &	0.8037706977772240	& &	0.8037715412805357	\cr
 12 & & 0.8037706314198754	& &	0.8037706406762437	& &	0.8037704590622494	\cr
 13 & & 0.8037706312900128	& &	0.8037706508130255	& &	0.8037707215178032	\cr
 14 & & 0.8037706312192222	& &	0.8037706475443096	& &	0.8037706116069788	\cr
 15 & & 0.8037706312169512	& &	0.8037706481678014	& &	0.8037706405540735	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Convergent value for ground state energy $E_0$ of an AHO with $\lambda =1$ in  MFNPS using multi step optimal splitting parameters.}
\label{tab2}
\end{table}

In this section we introduce a multi step optimal splitting approach on parameter calculation
with a aim to improve the convergency.
Following the previous procedure, we write the expression for $H_{D}$ as
\begin{equation}
H_{D}=\frac{\left(W_k + \frac{\textstyle{1}}{\textstyle{W_k}}\right) (2\,a^{\dagger}a +1)}{4} +
\lambda \, \,\frac{3+ 12 a^{\dagger}a + 6 (a^{\dagger})^2 a^2}{4W_k^2}
\label{eqn20}
\end{equation}

Similarly the expression for $H_{N}$ as
\begin{eqnarray}
H_{N} &=& \lambda [ \frac{a^4 + (a^{\dagger})^4 + 4 (a^{\dagger})^3 a + 4 a^{\dagger} a^3}{4W_k^2} \nonumber \\
&-& \frac{3(a^2 + (a^{\dagger})^2)}{2  W_k} \left( \frac{1}{W_{k-1}} + \frac{1}{W_{k-2}} + \cdots +
\frac{1}{W_{1}} + \frac{1}{w} \right ) ]
\label{eqn21}
\end{eqnarray}

where $k$ is the order of multi step optimal splitting.
The optimal splitting parameters $W_{k}$ are given by
\begin{equation}
W_{k}^{2}= W_{k-1}^{2} + \frac {6\lambda}{W_{k}}
\label{eqn22}
\end{equation}
with
\begin{equation}
W_{1}^{2}= w^{2} + \frac {6\lambda}{W_{1}}
\label{eqn23}
\end{equation}

The non zero expectation values of diagonal Hamiltonian $H_D$ are given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_D| n \rangle =\left (\frac{2n+1}{4}\right) \left(W_k + \frac{1}{W_k}\right) + \frac{3 \lambda}{4 W_k^2}(2n^2 + 2n +1)
\label{eqn24}
\end{equation}
The non zero expectation values of non diagonal Hamiltonian $H_N$ are given as
\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+2 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)}}{W_k} \, \left[\frac{n}{W_k} - \frac{3}{2}
\left (\frac{1}{W_{k-1}} + \frac{1}{W_{k-2}}+ \cdots + \frac{1}{W_1}+\frac{1}{w}\right) \right]
\label{eqn25}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+4 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)(n+4)}}{4W_k^2}
\label{eqn26}
\end{equation}

Here considering different values of $k$, we calculate the groundstate energy
for $\lambda=1$ and the results are given in Table \ref{tab2}. We notice that
two step optimal splitting is sufficient to provide convergency in MFNPS for
ground state of AHO.

Two step optimal splitting approach is also applied to the ground state of AHO for higher coupling parameter
$\lambda$. Last three higher order convergent results for different coupling parameter $\lambda$ is given in
Table \ref{tab3}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{cccccccc}
\hline
\hline
  	&  &   Convergent value     & &  Convergent value      & &  Convergent value     \cr
 Order  &  &   $E_0$ for            & &  $E_0$ for             & &  $E_0$ for            \cr
 K      &  &   $\lambda=0.01$       & &  $\lambda=10$          & &  $\lambda=100$      \cr

\hline
\hline
 13 & & 0.5072562106523008& &	1.504972427622453& &	3.131384278221808\cr
 14 & & 0.5072562106523008& &	1.504972406538491& &	3.131384221926994\cr
 15 & & 0.5072562106523008& &	1.504972417516847& &	3.131384248591904\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Convergent value for ground state $E_0$ of an AHO with different values of coupling parameter  $\lambda$ in  MFNPS using two-step optimal splitting.
parameters.}
\label{tab3}
\end{table}

\section{State-independent parameter calculation on excited state using two step optimal splitting}
In this section we apply previously calculated optimal splitting parameters for ground state of AHO
to the exited state of AHO. The results are given in Table \ref{tab5}. We observe that for
$n \ge 5$ the MFNPS is not giving any convergent value and also for $n \le 5$ the number of convergent digits
decreases as the increase of state value $n$. Again the convergent results are not comparable for higher
excited states with the results calculated previously by several authors [2-4]. This is expected as the
excited state energy depends on the state value $n$. So the optimal splitting parameters has to be modified
according to their state dependency.

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lcccc}
\hline
\hline
	     & $E_n$ for     & $E_n$ for       &  $E_n$ for      \cr
State	     & Coupling      & Coupling        & Coupling       \cr
 $E_n$       & parameter     &  parameter      &  parameter     \cr
	     & $\lambda=0.1$ &  $\lambda=1$    &  $\lambda=100$ \cr

\hline
\hline
$1$&1.769502633601580 & 2.737893473247960	 & 11.18727013754662	 	\cr
$2$&3.138624640483820 & 5.179368610682413	 & 21.90792389514790	 	\cr
$3$&4.628893580258386 & 7.944276200342911	 & 34.20660264641097	 	\cr
$4$&6.220490587163873 & 10.98830903940391	 & 48.00716948459711 	 	\cr
$5$&7.901913609979696 & 14.41671095662173 	 & 65.17919098201246	 	\cr
$6$&9.674274270406038 & NC	 & NC	 	\cr
$7$&11.58029965657092 & NC	 & NC	 	\cr
$8$&NC 				    & NC	 & NC	 	\cr
$9$&NC  			    & NC	 & NC	 	\cr
$10$&NC  			    & NC	 & NC	 	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Convergent value for excited state energy $E_n$ of an AHO using $15$ order of terms of the MFNPS}
\label{tab5}
\end{table}
NC-{\it No Convergency}
\section{State-dependent parameter calculation on excited state using single step parameter}
The state dependent parameter $W$ is determined in such a way that it will make $H_D$ and
$H_N$ as small as possible simultaneously. One of the simplest ways is to determine $W$ from $H_D$ for the
desired state, say $n$, using the variational principle
\begin{equation}
 \frac{d \langle n |H_D| n \rangle}{dW} =0
\end{equation}

$W$ is determined from the cubic equation
\begin{equation}
W^{3}-  W  - \frac {6\lambda(2 n^{2}+2 n +1)}{(2 n +1 )}=0
\label{eqn27}
\end{equation}

For ground state $n=0$ the above equation reduces to the state independent equation as discussed in
Eq \ref{eqn10}.

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\hline
\hline
	     & $E_n$ for     & $E_n$ for      &  $E_n$ for      \cr
State        & Coupling      & Coupling        & Coupling       \cr
$n$          & parameter     &  parameter      &  parameter     \cr
             & $\lambda=0.1$ &  $\lambda=1$    &  $\lambda=100$ \cr

\hline
\hline
$1$  & 1.769502526042401  & 2.737826568159874  	 & 11.18590665985774  	\cr
$2$  & 3.138624260783390  & 5.179278503183649 	 & 21.90667970339865	\cr
$3$  & 4.628882799032086  & 7.942400664976592 	 & 34.18247662808967	\cr
$4$  & 6.220300899387960  & 10.96358201989640 	 & 47.70719233011905	\cr
$5$  & 7.899767255018711  & 14.20313874402137  	 & 62.28123351170720	\cr
$6$  & 9.657840024381196  & 17.63404895868295 	 & 77.77076877553597	\cr
$7$  & 11.48731562245528  & 21.23643543180502 	 & 94.07804796313151	\cr
$8$  & 13.38247490877576  & 24.99493650263666 	 & 111.1279601151626	\cr
$9$  & 15.33864203774306  & 28.89725106727866  	 & 128.8606294268705 	\cr
$10$&  17.35190767828287  & 32.93326317015690 	 & 147.2269956471010	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Energy levels $E_n$ of the AHO using $K=14$ order of terms in MFNPS using
single step variational parameters.}
\label{tab6}
\end{table}
Now with this variational parameter the non zero expectation value of diagonal Hamiltonian $H_D$ is given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_D| n \rangle =\frac{2n+1}{4}\left(W + \frac{1}{W}\right) + \frac{3 \lambda}{4 W^2}(2n^2 + 2n +1)
\label{eqn28}
\end{equation}
The non zero expectation value of non diagonal Hamiltonian $H_N$ is given as
\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+2 \rangle = \left[\frac{1}{4}\left(-W+\frac{1}{W}\right) + \frac{\lambda}{W^2}\left(n+ \frac{3}{2}\right)\right] \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)}
\label{eqn29}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+4 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)(n+4)}}{4W^2}
\label{eqn30}
\end{equation}

We calculate the excited state energies of an AHO up to $14$ order and $15$ order terms in MFNPS using
single step variational parameter and the results are given in Table \ref{tab6} and Table \ref{tab7}
respectively. Camparing results from Table \ref{tab6} and Table \ref{tab7}, we achieve a convergency
up to a minimum of $7$ digit.

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\hline
\hline
	     & $E_n$ for     & $E_n$ for      &  $E_n$ for      \cr
State        & Coupling      & Coupling        & Coupling       \cr
$n$          & parameter     &  parameter      &  parameter     \cr
             & $\lambda=0.1$ &  $\lambda=1$    &  $\lambda=100$ \cr

\hline
\hline
$1$  & 1.769502734911583  & 2.737955961049832  	 &  11.18865883835119  	\cr
$2$  & 3.138624351464486  & 5.179303188325927 	 &  21.90710180727473	\cr
$3$  & 4.628882837847637  & 7.942406660726320 	 &  34.18256466416197	\cr
$4$  & 6.220300917364425  & 10.96358385150704 	 &  47.70721635883445	\cr
$5$  & 7.899767264110872  & 14.20313941758235  	 &  62.28124490910177	\cr
$6$  & 9.657840029418940  & 17.63404924938320 	 &  77.77077204538597	\cr
$7$  & 11.48731562551444  & 21.23643557566123 	 &  94.07804949179396	\cr
$8$  & 13.38247489117164  & 24.99493657142581 	 &  111.1279607854576	\cr
$9$  & 15.33864207925654  & 28.89725105542083	 &  128.8606292267516	\cr
$10$ & 17.35190767499986  & 32.93326304139077 	 &  147.2269943696901	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Energy levels $E_n$ of the AHO using $K=15$ order of terms in MFNPS using
single step variational parameters.}
\label{tab7}
\end{table}

\section{State-dependent parameter calculation on excited state using two step parameter}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\hline
\hline
	     & $E_n$ for     & $E_n$ for      &  $E_n$ for      \cr
State        & Coupling      & Coupling        & Coupling       \cr
$n$          & parameter     &  parameter      &  parameter     \cr
             & $\lambda=0.1$ &  $\lambda=1$    &  $\lambda=100$ \cr

\hline
\hline
$1$  & 1.769502595495307  &  2.737892280858456 	 &  11.18829020411844  	\cr
$2$  & 3.138624197794214  &  5.179291722504740	 &  21.90689767968495	\cr
$3$  & 4.628882511628982  &  7.942403919498243	 &  34.18252348780879	\cr
$4$  & 6.220300863131970  &  10.96358293850466	 &  47.70720519550517	\cr
$5$  & 7.899767113294260  &  14.20313925236565 	 &  62.28123822043900 	\cr
$6$  & 9.657840059798382  &  17.63404889881106	 &  77.77077201647030	\cr
$7$  & 11.48731530776505  &  21.23643596676358	 &  94.07805770355252	\cr
$8$  & 13.38247452708933  &  24.99493915652584	 &  111.1279999324749	\cr
$9$  & 15.33864161377721  &  28.89726023457015 	 &  128.8606564368714	\cr
$10$&  17.35190770598516  &  32.93326418012689	 &  147.2269846271021	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Energy levels $E_n$ of the AHO using $K=14$ order of terms in the MFNPS perturbation
series using two step optimal splitting variational parameters.}
\label{tab8}
\end{table}
In this section we introduce state dependent parameter using two step optimal splitting
procedure for the convergency test on excited states.
The two optimal splitting parameters $W$ and $w$ are calculated from the cubic equation given by
\begin{equation}
W^{3}- w^{2} W  - \frac {6\lambda(2 n^{2}+2 n +1)}{(2 n +1 )}=0
\label{eqn31}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
w^{2}= 1 + \frac {6\lambda}{w}
\label{eqn32}
\end{equation}

The non zero expectation value diagonal Hamiltonian $H_D$ is given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_D| n \rangle =\left(\frac{2n+1}{4}\right)\left(W + \frac{1}{W}\right) + \frac{3 \lambda}{4 W^2}(2n^2 + 2n +1)
\label{eqn33}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+2 \rangle = \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)} \, \left[\frac{-W}{4} + \frac{1}{4 W} + \frac{\lambda}{W^2}
\left (n +\frac{3}{2}\right) \right ]
\label{eqn34}
\end{equation}

The non zero expectation value non diagonal Hamiltonian $H_N$ is given as

\begin{equation}
\langle n |H_N| n+4 \rangle =\frac{ \lambda \sqrt{(n+1)(n+2)(n+3)(n+4)}}{4W^2}
\label{eqn35}
\end{equation}

The exicited energy levels calculated up to $14$ and $15$ order of terms in MFNPS using
two step optimal splitting variational parameters and the resutls are given in
Table \ref{tab8} and Table \ref{tab9}

\begin{table}[h]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\hline
\hline
	     & $E_n$ for     & $E_n$ for      &  $E_n$ for      \cr
State        & Coupling      & Coupling        & Coupling       \cr
 $n$         & parameter     &  parameter      &  parameter     \cr
             & $\lambda=0.1$ &  $\lambda=1$    &  $\lambda=100$ \cr

\hline
\hline
$1$ & 1.769502595720013  & 2.737892290808430	 & 11.18725175268262 	\cr
$2$ & 3.138624197891925  & 5.179291724439308	 & 21.90689768817313	\cr
$3$ & 4.628882511666889  & 7.942403920161726	 & 34.18252348715269 	\cr
$4$ & 6.220300863145563  & 10.96358293822675	 & 47.70720518995203 	\cr
$5$ & 7.899767113290646  & 14.20313925025467	 & 62.28123817953492	\cr
$6$ & 9.657840059675530  & 17.63404886347468	 & 77.77077131768290	\cr
$7$ & 11.48731530570292  & 21.23643553577421	 & 94.07805012397570 	\cr
$8$ & 13.38247450558015  & 24.99493599000598 	 & 111.1279501536521	\cr
$9$ & 15.33864146634275  & 28.89724877539235	 & 128.8606557529643	\cr
$10$& 17.35190696572501  & 32.93326503128077	 & 147.2269836271021	\cr
\hline
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{ Energy levels $E_n$ of the AHO using $K=15$ order of terms in the MFNPS perturbation
series using two step optimal splitting variational parameters.  }
\label{tab9}
\end{table}

\section{Conclusion}
In this paper we have taken a very fruitful approach to get convergency in MFNPS in order to
get energy levels of an AHO. The problem of energy levels of AHO has been analysed from wide
angles to achieve convergency in MFNPS. MFNPS seems to be one of most simplest non linear
series to be used for energy levels of AHO. Optimal splitting method is found to be very
efficient technique to achieve convergency in MFNPS.

\newpage

\bigskip

\begin{spacing}{1.5}
\begin{small}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Recently, I was invited by Rob McLennan to submit to a fascinating blog project called My (Small Press) Writing Day. It's an interesting look into the creative day of your average small press writer. It's quite addictive and I recommend checking it out.
My post went up recently and I hope you'll give it a read. I had fun writing it, as it's something I never gave much thought to. I've dreamt about what I would like an ideal writing day to look like, which it looks nothing like with day jobs and real life often taking priority. I always felt my writing day was haphazard… but like with many things in life, once I looked deeper a theme emerged. My writing day is not perfect but it is mine, and it is better than not writing at all. You can check out My small press writing day here!
This is my first chapbook in quite sometime and I'm very proud of it! I hope you'll pick up a copy today!
While I've been lying low and generally being apathetic, time has simply flown by. I'm realizing that my last chapbook released online was 2013… and my last actual print chapbook was way back in 2009! Luckily, it seems my decade of apathy is coming to a close. My next chapbook, Subliminal Syntax is due for a February release from Analog Submission Press.
Feels good to be back in my old skin. Here's to a productive 2019!
I haven't updated this blog all year… better late than never I suppose. At any rate, after a slow year I am proud to say that my poems Wide Infinity Lines and Found Language, Buddha In Color are up over at the excellent Why Vandalism? I hope you'll give them a read!
New Year's Eve has always been my favorite night of the year. Whether I was a crazy kid partying like it was the last night on earth, or a bit older quietly drinking rum and cokes with a notebook and contemplation, it has always represented the closing of a chapter and start of another. Maybe I'm just a romantic underneath this façade, but I'm a sucker for the symbolism of the closing year. For me, it is a time for self-reflection and evaluation; it is also a time to focus on the coming year.
As 2018 looms, I couldn't be further away from those carefree nights, and Times Square might as well be a different planet.
I'd love nothing more than to be at home with my wife and a stiff drink, listening to good tunes while the ball drops. Perhaps it is more fitting that I am once again ringing in the new year in this factory where I spend so much of my year. Here in my little lab, with John Coltrane wailing over the hum of machinery, instead of rum I'm drinking bad black coffee in a Styrofoam cup. The years sneak up on you in this place; we usually only measure time here in increments of a twelve-hour shift.
I haven't been near as prolific as I had hoped I would be this past year. Is it an artistic block or am I simply uninspired? Is it possible for the creative juices to simply dry up without warning? I have done some writing this year, and been published in a handful of places. Likewise, my work with sound has been limited this year as well.
Despite my lack of productivity, it's been a rejuvenating year. I shifted from being the artist back to being the student. I've spent much time reading, listening, studying, and contemplating. After an entire adulthood of artistic output, I felt it beneficial to become a student of life and arts again. I needed the recharge, both mentally and physically. It was time to finally stop and figure out who in the hell I am.
Now as this chapter closes and a new one begins, I feel the creative juices bubbling up again. Will it be a prolific year? I don't know… I'm not much of a resolutions guy. I do know that however prolific the year is exactly how prolific it needs to be. However, I can guarantee I will never quit. I've been doing this my whole life, sometimes I am prolific and sometimes I am not, but the need never leaves me.
I'd like to think I will own 2018 (and will sure as hell try) but it will likely include more emotional highs and lows, money stress, artistic insecurity, and long, cruel factory nights. That's okay, because it will also include laughs, good times and misadventure with family and friends. There will be bad times, but they will be outnumbered by the good, and if I'm fortunate, I'll be here writing something terribly similar in 365 days.
Author waynePosted on January 1, 2018 January 1, 2018 Categories blogging, UncategorizedTags blogging, journal, New Years, New Years Eve, writingLeave a comment on Happy New Year!


– On this day back in 1967, the WWWF United States Tag Team Titles were retired. The final champions were Spiros Arion and Bruno Sammartino.
– WWE Diva Beth Phoenix is featured on the newest "Art of Wrestling" podcast with Colt Cabana, available at welovecolt.com and iTunes.
– In the second quarter of this year, WWE shipped 203,000 WrestleMania 27 DVD units, 111,000 DX: One Last Stand DVD units and 96,000 units of the Very Best of WCW Nitro DVD.
– Trish Stratus is featured on the summer issue of Revive Magazine.


text:
USI using technology to limit drink refills in dining halls
Posted: Oct 18, 2013 12:50 AM EST | Updated: Nov 6, 2014 1:01 PM EST
VANDERBURGH COUNTY, Ind. -- Students at the University of Southern Indiana were welcomed back from fall break with a change in their dining halls.
The cups in the dining halls have a tiny sticker on the bottom and it keeps track of the time. Students have 90 minutes to get a refill and then they are cut off.
"The point of the whole thing is that our paying customers get what they deserve and we're not having to pass costs along to them because some people aren't playing by the rules," said Kendra Strupp of the University of Southern Indiana.
Strupp says the next step will be monitoring the new system and getting feedback from students.


text:
Fulfilling God's Dreams
On May 8, 2018 May 7, 2018 By Rob RadtkeIn Development, Episcopal Relief & Development, God's Presence, Parenting
One of the great and humbling honors of serving Episcopal Relief & Development is the opportunity I have to visit our work around the world.
In April, I led a pilgrimage of friends and supporters to Zambia to learn about our work with children.
For the last several years we have worked with the Zambian Anglican Council Outreach Program (ZACOP) to establish nearly 70 Early Childhood Development Centers across the country.
We've focused on the most vulnerable children—those impacted in one way or another by HIV/AIDS. To date we've served over 10,000 children. We're scaling the work up over the next three to five years.
What I love about this program is that it speaks both to my head and my heart.
There is rigorous science that shows that if you can ensure a healthy start for a child from zero to three, and ideally up to age six, the long-term payoff is tremendous in terms of overall health, intellectual development, and lifetime productivity.
On the other hand, if you miss those first critical years, that child can never catch up to become everything that God has dreamed for that child.
The work we are doing with ZACOP addresses those first years with integrated approaches supporting early childhood development, child health, nutrition & food security and family livelihood.
In Zambia we visited the Fikola Early Childhood Development Centre in the Anglican Diocese of Central Zambia.
As we pulled up to the Centre we were greeted by a welcome song and traditional dance performance with wonderful drums. We then toured the Centre—meeting the children and their teachers. We observed a preschool class focusing on basic learning skills—language, math, etc.
We then watched as young children were weighed to ensure that they were meeting appropriate growth targets and had received appropriate vaccinations.
A group of aspiring chefs showed off some of the dishes they were teaching their neighbors and friends how to make to ensure a diverse and nutritious diet.
We saw a toy-making workshop.
We sat in on a women's savings and education session and observed how young mothers and other caregivers were pooling resources and investing in small businesses to strengthen their ability to support their families.
Once our visit to the Centre was complete, we broke into groups of three and accompanied local Early Childhood Development (ECD) promoters as they did house visits.
I was assigned to accompany Catherine. Catherine is a community ECD volunteer and is featured in a short film available on Episcopal Relief & Development's YouTube channel. If you've not seen the film, check it out below.
We called on a woman by the name of Beatrice.
Beatrice is the primary caregiver to three grandchildren. She invited us to sit under the tree in her compound while she and Catherine talked about how things were going.
Catherine demonstrated how she uses educational and visual aids to teach Beatrice about how to raise her grandchildren in a way that allows them to become everything they are meant to be.
The lesson I observed was on children's rights. This is a concept that was foreign to Beatrice—not through any malice—but simply because she'd never thought about it.
Catherine shared with Beatrice why it was important for Beatrice to stand up for the rights of her grandchildren—including birth registration—so that her grandchildren could access all of the health and educational benefits to which they were entitled.
Catherine also took the opportunity to share with Beatrice some thoughts about corporal punishment and why using violence to discipline children had long-term detrimental effects on a child's development.
The conversation was friendly and light—neighbor-to-neighbor, friend-to-friend, peer-to-peer.
Beatrice said she would think about everything that Catherine had shared with her and Catherine said she'd check back with Beatrice in a few weeks when she made her next home visit.
After the conversation was over, Beatrice showed me around her compound. It consisted of about four structures—all neat and tidy. One of the lessons that Catherine had taught her was the importance of keeping the compound clean so that it was a safe place for children to play and so mosquitoes did not breed.
Beatrice had installed a hand-washing station by her latrine and was making soap out of ash.
She was also breeding chickens, pigeons, and goats as a source of protein and income.
Beatrice invited me into her home and showed me the malaria net the program had provided for her and her grandchildren.
As we bade farewell to Catherine and Beatrice I was struck by the transformational power of the work being accomplished.
By focusing on strengthening families we are creating an opportunity for children to thrive and become everything that God dreams they can be.
church at workdevelopment workepiscopal churchEpiscopal Relief & DevelopmentGod at workseeing god
One thought on "Fulfilling God's Dreams"
Boima A. Gailor
It was nice reading this piece. ZACOP is doing a great job with the help
of ERD. Some of the learnings from here will be use in the upbringing of my only child.


22th May was adopted as the International day for Biological Diversity. To celebrate that day, TBWA\Spain and Reforesta Association want to raise awareness about one of the main threats of our ecosystem: deforestation.
Deforestation puts hundreds of species in the world at risk of extinction. With this graphic campaign we want to represent how the destruction of the trees directly affects the animals.
An owl, a tiger and a gorilla represent hundreds of species that are at risk of extinction due to deforestation.


text:
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Solar Panels Farnborough
Farnborough Solar Panel Installation
Solar Panel Installation Farnborough Hampshire (GU14): Property in Farnborough is well situated to make good use of solar installations, but what are the pros and cons in having such a system installed? There is no doubt that it is a great time to be thinking about solar installations with Government backed schemes, like the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) providing ways to make cash from your system.
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS
Solar Photovoltaic (PV) is the correct name for electricity production from the sun's rays. There is ample sunlight in the Farnborough area to generate solar PV with excellent results. A properly sited solar power installation can significantly reduce your power bills and even provide a small income by making use of the SEG.
The Green Homes Grant is a scheme to help homeowners save energy and reduce their carbon footprint, and it can be used to cover a large part of the cost of a solar power panels. You can apply for this grant, which was announced in July 2020, of between £5,000 - £10,000 if you are applying certain green energy measures to your home. Couple the Green Homes Grant scheme with the SEG scheme and you can understand why this is the best time to earnestly think about a solar panel installation for your Farnborough home.
SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS
Solar thermal installations will enable you to reduce your heating bills using nothing but free power from the sun. Even in wintertime there is sufficient sunlight to preheat your water supply and consequently reduce the quantity of electricity or gas that's consumed to take the water up to the required temperature. In the summer season it is even entirely possible to have all of your hot water requirements met with a solar thermal system installed.
Schemes offered to Farnborough homeowners include the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI). After its initial take up in the business sector, the RHI scheme was made available for residential use in 2014. If you decide to take up the Renewable Heat Incentive, the scheme carries on for 7 years and is endorsed by a government guarantee. Eligible subscribers to the Renewable Heat Incentive get a quarterly cash payout, determined by the type and size of equipment installed, which lasts the full 7 years included in the scheme.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR SOLAR
There are some points you'll want to think about before you begin any solar panel installation on your Farnborough home:
Will solar panels affect the market value of my property? - The straightforward, but not particularly helpful judgement from the Homeowners Association is that solar panel installations can have both a negative and positive impact on the market value of your house. As consciousness grows concerning climate changes and the environment, it has been observed that the positive value impacts on property prices have increased.
Is planning permission required for your home or area? - In the vast majority of scenarios you won't need to have planning permission on your Farnborough home for solar PV panels on the roof. However if you reside in a conservation area, own a listed building or have a flat roof, you will want to double-check with the local authority for any restrictions that may exist.
Do you have a roof that faces towards the south or south-west? - This helps to maximise the efficiency of the solar PV panels by capturing the largest possible amount of sunlight.
Is your roof shaded by trees or buildings during the day? - Shade can effect the functionality of any solar panel and severe shading can make them virtually useless.
THE BENEFITS OF SOLAR
Extra Income - With the SEG (Smart Export Guarantee), any extra power produced by solar panels can be purchased by your supplier. This might be by way of cash payments or as credit to your power bill each quarter. The Smart Export Guarantee applies only through your electricity provider, and is a short term scheme endorsed by a Government guarantee. The short term aspect of the contract is a benefit to consumers as it permits them to change suppliers for the cheapest tariffs once the contract is finished.
Maintenance Free - Solar power installations in Farnborough are virtually maintenance free. The angle at which the panels are set in the United Kingdom means that they are essentially self cleaning, and provided that they are kept free of shade, will carry on providing electricity for a minimum of twenty five years. If you choose battery storage these will need to be replaced over time, however the technology related to batteries is continuously evolving and they're becoming longer lasting and more efficient each year.
Low Carbon Footprint - Creating renewable, green energy for your home is achievable using either thermal or solar PV installations on your home. The energy generated by solar panels creates no emissions or pollutants and could save around two tonnes of damaging carbon emissions from your property each year.
There's No Noise - There is no noise with solar installations. Wind turbines which create electrical power can make sounds which a lot of people in Farnborough find irritating or annoying. As there aren't any moving parts in solar installations in Farnborough, no noise is created.
Reducing Bills - There's no charge at all for the main source of energy we know: the sun. Therefore why not collect that energy for your home? Apart from the original expenditure to install your solar panels, there will be very little maintenance fees to worry about, and you'll start to see a lowering of your energy bills before too long. How much that is will be determined by the size of your solar panel installation, however even a standard sized solar energy system can give a saving of between £90 and £370 a year on your electricity bill in the Farnborough area.
FINDING A CERTIFIED INSTALLER
It's good practice to obtain at least 3 estimates from different solar panel installers in Farnborough, and don't omit to ask family, friends and neighbours who have had solar systems installed for their feedback as well. When obtaining a quotation you should always enquire about grants and schemes which could help with the costs and make solar panel installation even more attractive.
The surveyor should also be able to offer a means by which to see previous solar panel installations on similar houses for you to look at; either through a catalogue or via a webpage. A quality solar panel installer in Farnborough will be proud to showcase their experience in the green energy industry and their list of past customers, by providing a photographic portfolio for you to look through.
The green energy industry is a fast growing marketplace and there are professional trade bodies, associations and organisations to support the technicians involved. These specialized trade organisations provide guidance, training and technological updates on all things relating to the sustainable energy sector. Membership to one of the following green energy bodies ought to be a pre-requisite before hiring any Farnborough solar panel installer.
REA (Renewable Energy Association) - This is the largest trade body in the alternative energy and clean technology industry in the United Kingdom. It has a commitment to creating a zero carbon economy by the provision of training and education to more than five hundred member companies, and using its powers to influence governmental policy for green energy sources.
STA - Continually on the front line of sustainable technology, the Solar Trade Association (STA) works along with local authorities, industry and Government agencies to offer solar solutions across the country. Its members range from small scale residential installers to multi-national companies, and all are highly esteemed within the solar energy sector.
MCS - The Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS) is the recognised mark that all equipment, and solar panel installers, ought to have in the British Isles. The scheme provides a quality mark for the solar panels and related equipment, and that the company supplying and setting up the system are fully trained and qualified to do so.
Solar panels can of course also be fitted in locations around Farnborough, for instance Fleet, Mytchett, Church Crookham, Frimley, Deepcut, Aldershot Camp, Ewshot, Farnborough Green, Normandy, Cove, Aldershot, North Town, Tongham, Ash Vale, Ash, Ash Green, West Heath and other surrounding villages.
Solar panel installation guidance and advice is readily available from online forums, therefore to make the most of this you should pop along to the Renewable Energy Hub HERE, topics include things like "Wind Turbines", "Energy Saving Technology", "Anaerobic Digestion", "Green Roofs", "Micro CHP", "Heat Pumps", "Insulation", "Biomass Boilers", "Heat Recovery Systems", "Solar PV Panels", "Hydroelectricity & Micro-Hydro", "Solar Thermal & Hot Water Systems" and "Rainwater Harvesting". To check out a short article about what solar energy is check this out. For more information about solar panel prices, smart solar modules, industry standards, the history of solar power, applications, solar panel efficiency, production, the theory & construction of solar panels, limitations, solar technology, solar panel mounting & tracking, performance & degradation and maintenance, take a look at Wikipedia. To determine the social media reaction to solar energy trends, check this out.
Your chosen local Farnborough solar panel engineers will be glad to help you with a number of renewable energy services including things like solar panel repairs, photovoltaic solar panels, residential solar panel installations, solar battery storage, solar panel advice, solar panel replacement, solar panel systems, solar energy installations, commercial solar panel installations, solar panel installation, solar hot water systems, renewable heat installations, renewable energy solutions, cheap solar panels, solar water heating systems, solar panel fitting, solar panel mounting, solar panel installation quotations, and other similar services in Farnborough, Hampshire (GU14).
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Property owners in the following Farnborough places have only recently asked for information about solar panels: Tweedsmuir Close, Trent Close, Sidlaws Road, Churchill Close, Andrewartha Road, Baird Road, Saffron Court, The Topiary, Dunstall Park, St Davids Close, Cabrol Road, Buckland Close, Blackthorn Crescent, Crerar Close, Appledore Mews, Thyme Court, Somerset Road, Sullivan Close, Syon Place, Cedar Road, Southwood Road, Chive Court, Chiltern Close, Blaise Close, Tile Barn Close, Salesian View, Clandon Court, Blenheim Court, and in these postcodes: GU14 0HL, GU14 0PL, GU14 0PY, GU14 0FF, GU14, GU14 0HN, GU14 0FB, GU14 0BT, GU14 0JL, GU14 0QG.
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More Hampshire solar panel installers: Southsea, Southampton, Havant, Stubbington, Basingstoke, Fleet, Portsmouth, New Milton, Horndean, Eastleigh, Alton, Andover, Aldershot, Waterlooville, Fareham, Totton, Hedge End, Yateley, Hythe, Emsworth, Gosport, Winchester and Farnborough.
Solar Panel Installation in GU14 area, telephone code 01252.
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Thank you for sharing. Your information is important to the theme of this thread about the recent history of the Grass Dance.
I have also heard stories from the plains Cree and Anishinbe who live near the great lakes of having the grass dance early in their history.
Can anyone from these tribes confirm this?
I'm not 100% for sure, but I would put money down that our old traditional form could be derived from an original style - and that the original style could have been very much like the grass dance elsewhere; where the grass dance is often credited as being the original dance that the traditional style comes from.
So maybe our traditional style is/was grass, like on the plains. I'm not sure, but it would fit.
Last edited by sookout sh'nob; 02-09-2007 at 03:31 PM..


This section provides reviews of evidence-based research promoting health and wellbeing in older adults. The information has been reviewed by students of health professions, and is from established peer-reviewed academic journals. Having accurate information can help you make informed decisions about healthy aging.
Welcome to the Research Review Archive!
Reviews in this section are categorized by the six dimensions of wellness: occupational, physical, social, intellectual, spiritual and emotional wellness. The topics range from fall prevention and Tai Chi to the health benefits of volunteering. If you are interested in reading the full version of the articles mentioned in this section, please visit Dominican's Alemany Library.
Key Finding: Older adults can help prevent falls by exercising and modifying their homes.
This study reviewed 33 intervention-based research studies that focused on factors that prevent falls in the home. Occupational therapists assisted in home assessments in each of the studies. Occupational therapists provided home modification suggestions to older adults to prevent potential falls from occurring. The participants were taught fall prevention techniques which heightened their confidence in their own functional mobility. New exercise techniques to help prevent falls were also taught. The best results for fall prevention were in the areas of modifying the home environment and keeping physically fit. Some ways to prevent falls are taking out floor rugs, using non-slip rubber mats in the bathtub, and having brighter lighting in hard to see areas.
Key Finding: Having a good night's rest increases your ability to be more physically active.
This study looked at 16 healthy older adults and 15 healthy young adults to determine whether sleep improves motor memory. The older adult participants were given a motor test three times after 12 hours of being awake during the daytime. The results showed that the participants had a significant decrease in motor performance. When the same older adult participants were retested 24 hours later, after a day of being awake and then given a night of sleep, they had a 17.4% increase in motor skills. The younger participants, who also did the same test, had an increase of 17.3%. The results imply that sleep improves motor functioning for people of all ages.
Key Finding: Older adults could benefit from placing their medication at easily visible and reachable locations such as in the bathroom counter, kitchen counter, or nightstand.
The study of 149 community-dwelling older adults examined ways they took their medication. The study found that when participants established routines to take medicine during meals, when they woke up and before they went to bed, or placed medication in areas where they would most likely see them were more likely to take their medication properly. Some participants also used inexpensive low technology such as pillboxes with an embedded alarm or re-wrote labels with larger fonts on the medicine bottles.
Key Finding: Older adults can benefit from doing exercises on the Wii Fit.
This study found that Nintendo Wii Fit use improved balance for a group of older adults ages 53 to 91 years old. The 17 participants were divided into three groups. For four weeks, one group exercised only using the Wii Fit, the second group had training with physical therapy and the Wii Fit, and the third group only had physical therapy. After four weeks, balance assessments were done to look for improvements. The study found that the group that did physical therapy and the Wii Fit and the group that only did physical therapy had better balance results than the group that did exercises with the Wii Fit alone. However, in all groups, there was a significant difference in balance improvement.
Key Finding: Monitoring devices are beneficial for older adults who want to live independently in their home with access to reliable and professional help.
This study analyzed 162 previously completed studies that reviewed the use of monitoring technology in older adults. The monitoring technology was described as a variety of wearable medical alert systems that could detect changes in an individual's movements or have a button for the individual to press that alerts an operator of a distress. The types of monitoring devices included personal alarm devices, fall detection devices, and activity monitoring devices worn around an individual's neck. Because most of the monitoring devices were compact and wearable, the devices did not compromise the older adult's body movements and mobility freedom. Monitoring devices could potentially assist an older adult when a fall happens, especially if the individual lives alone.
Wagner, F., Basran., J., & Dal Bello-Haas, V. (2012). A review of monitoring technology for use with older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 35(1), 28-34.
Key Finding: Virtual volunteering helps older adults with mobility issues or other physical impairments to socially participate in activities.
This 2010 qualitative study found that the internet has helped many older adults take an active participation role in volunteering through a virtual context. As more Baby Boomers are becoming internet savvy, opportunities to volunteer have gone into the virtual realm. Twenty-two older virtual volunteers from the United States were interviewed. Of the 22 participants, 44% reported having a chronic illness which limited their physical mobility. Because of this, the participants chose to volunteer online. Some of the activities participants volunteered for were writing annual reports, drafting grant proposals, or being a webmaster for a non-profit organization. These activities give older adults an opportunity to provide meaningful volunteer experiences. The study found that the older adults who participated in virtual volunteering had an increased sense of belonging compared with older adults who did not volunteer.
Key Finding: Joining the local community or senior center to participate in activities may improve your health.
This 2008 Canadian study focused on the social participation of older adults in Montreal, Quebec. With the 282 participants, the study found that those who visited family members, attended activities at the local community center, and engaged in a hobby outside of their home were more likely to be in good health than those who did not. The study also found that almost half of the older adults in the study were involved in some form of volunteer work at least once a week or every day.
Key Finding: Doing Tai Chi exercises can improve memory and attention.
This cross-sectional study from Hong Kong, China focused on the cognitive benefits of Tai Chi for older adults. Tai Chi is a type of slow movement Chinese martial art form that is practiced for defense training, but also for its potential health benefits. This study reviewed three different groups of adults ages 60 and older. One group consisted of 42 participants from various Tai Chi clubs. Another group consisted of 49 participants recruited from community centers that had regular exercising habits. The third group consisted of 44 participants from local senior centers who did not exercise. The slow movements of Tai Chi may provide older adults with a slow movement exercise that is easy on their joints, promote balance, and the potential to increase brain function. It may be beneficial for older adults to practice Tai Chi as a form of exercise.
Key Finding: Learning how to play a musical instrument may increase attention and prevent memory loss.
In this study, 31 older adults with no prior piano experience were taught how to play the piano during individualized piano sessions. Half of the group were given piano lessons and the other half were not. The older adults attended 30 minute individualized piano sessions and practiced three hours on their own each week for three months. During the lessons, the participants learned various piano exercises from two basic piano course books. Each week they were taught new piano pieces. After 6 months, the results suggested that learning how to play the piano may increase attention and concentration in older adults, helping deter cognitive decline.
Key Finding: Listening to calming music is an inexpensive and helpful way of relaxing and developing a positive frame of mind.
An 11 month randomized controlled study in Singapore examined whether listening to music would reduce symptoms of sadness among older adults. In the study, 50 older adults were divided equally into two groups. One group was given the option to listen to a variety of slow rhythmic music of their choice for 30 minutes a week for eight weeks, while second group did not listen to any music. The older adults listened to a selection of what was considered calming music through other previous studies. The music consisted of Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Western music. The music that was offered to the participants was chosen based on the characteristics of the beats in the songs, which had been shown to promote relaxation and lowered anxiety. A depression assessment was used to determine that participants who had listened to the calming music had a decrease in their levels of sadness.
Key Finding: Having a social support system of family, friends, support groups, or having a form of spirituality could help with the loss of a loved one.
A 2011 four year longitudinal study was done on 101 older adults who recently experienced a loss of a spouse. In the study, those who found meaning in the death and or had practiced some form of religion to gain personal strength did better than those in the study that did not. Participants who coped well had found meaning in death and had a positive outlook in life. The participants viewed the time after their spouse's death as a period for emotional "recovery". Those who had supportive social circles of family and friends that attended to their emotional and social needs demonstrated a stronger ability to cope.


BICC has several accommodation In Beijing available to students, all within close proximity to the school. Accommodation are carefully selected and is ensured that BICC sponsored housing is both safe and comfortable. Accommodation fees vary according to the type of accommodation and the duration of stay.
Homestay in Beijing - Private studio - MaQuaYing dormitory.
We have carefully selected each of our host families regarding Homestay in Beijing to ensure excellent standards with good food and comfortable accommodation.
MaQuanYing dormitory is located just in front of our MaQuanYing campus, very convenient for the students to get to class.
Located in some of the best apartment complexes in Beijing, studio style accommodation, with wooden floors throughout.


The Little Black Dress is a style staple and should not be ignored this party season. Always a classic, you can mix it up, dress it down, and really make it your own. Here's our LBD inspiration for the winter season!


To make room for fresh ideas, you need to let go of the old ones.
Learning to let go is as important as learning how to create. If all your energies are engaged in supporting what's right in front of you, you won't choose to create something new. It's not easy to let go of familiar products and services or processes, risking what is for what might be. Clinging to the status quo is natural, so acknowledge that, grieve the old ways, and move on.
Being skilled at letting go has its advantages. First, it gives us the confidence to change. Our fast-paced world will force us to let go sooner or later, so learning how to move ahead fearlessly on our own will give us some control over the process. Second, starting fresh creates more possibilities.
One of the best practitioners of letting go was Seymour Cray, inventor of world-renowned Cray supercomputers. He began every new project with a blank page. Building on top of the old can limit what is possible and often makes the new version more ponderous and complex than necessary-no matter what you're inventing. Starting fresh can lead you to innovations that wouldn't be possible otherwise.
Cray started with a blank page, not a blank mind. He took advantage of all the input he had received and everything he had learned since his last invention. He started over with the technical details and reviewed all the things the world offered at that point in time. He risked it all with each new computer and never knew if his new invention would work. This was the price he was willing to pay to continuously invent the world's most powerful computers.
The next time you need to create a new solution, begin with a blank page. If you have difficulty with so much white space, write down on one side of the paper what you're unhappy with or want to change. On the other side, next to each dissatisfaction, write whatever you know right now about the qualities of a better reality. This will get the creative juices flowing. As always, be as specific as possible.
Old ways still have their place, but one of the realities of our economy is that much of what worked in the past to help us become successful may be what keeps us from surviving in the future. Our energies need to encompass operating well now and cultivating curious exploration.
Juanita Weaver is a creativity coach and consultant. She'd like to hear how your company sparks creativity. Contact her at juanita@juanitaweaver.com.