WebForms is an awkward marriage between a Page Controller and a Template View. In the Web Forms model the Template View (aspx page) inherits from the Page Controller (code behind).
The IPageController could have very well been called and Page Command because in this implementation I'm not concerned about having separate behaviors for GET and POST method requests. If this example were to evolve I might choose to separate the Execute() method into ProcessGetRequest() and ProcessPostRequest().
The IPageController type inherits IHttpHandler in order to register this page controller with ASP.NET to receive all requests for a particular path. In this case this handler is registered in the web.config for all requests to the "DisplayAllCustomers.aspx" page.
If I wanted to get a little more nitty, gritty I could have specified only GET Http method's are handled by this handler.
And voila all requests to "DisplayAllCustomers.aspx" are handled by the DisplayAllCustomersController which pulls information from the model and fires it off to the template view to be rendered.
This separates the Template view from having any knowledge of the Page Controller. The Page controller has the responsibility of pulling information from the model to pass along to the appropriate view.
All access to the current context and the ASP.NET pipeline has been isolated to the HttpGateway which abstracts the ASP.NET facilities available through a condensed client interface.
Now that I think about it, another step that I could have taken would have to shield the page controllers from having any knowledge of "IHttpHandler", which would have further isolated the ASP.NET infrastructure from the rest of the web presentation layer.


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Case Notes and Comments: Burki v Seventy Thirty Ltd & Ors
Thomas D C Bennett, City Law School
An inferential house of cards – serious financial loss under section 1(2) Defamation Act 2013: Burki v Seventy Thirty Ltd & Ors [2018] EWHC 2151 (QB)
Section 1 of the Defamation Act 2013 had two aims. First, it aimed to raise the test for establishing that a statement is defamatory above the pre-existing common law's threshold. In order to do so, section 1(1) provides that 'a statement is not defamatory unless its publication has caused or is likely to cause serious harm to the reputation of the claimant.' Second, the section aimed to raise the bar to claims still further for commercial claimants. This aim was reflected in section 1(2), which provides that 'harm to the reputation of a body that trades for profit is not "serious harm" unless it has caused or is likely to cause the body serious financial loss.' These provisions were justified by the coalition government of the day as necessary reforms designed to give greater prominence to free speech interests within the law of defamation, and to protect ordinary people from being crushed by libel claims brought by big businesses.
Recent judicial decisions, however, have frustrated these aims. Earlier this year, in Lachaux v Independent Print Media Ltd,[1] the Court of Appeal overturned the High Court decision of Warby J, holding that section 1(1) did not fundamentally alter the presumption of damage in libel. Key to this decision was the Court of Appeal's reasoning that the words 'likely to' in section 1(1) simply meant having a 'tendency' to cause serious reputational harm. This negated any need for the claimant to provide tangible evidence of such harm, or a likelihood of it occurring, on a balance of probabilities. A 'tendency' to cause serious harm could be inferred, in an appropriate case, from the seriousness of the allegation itself, and potentially (though not necessarily) from circumstantial evidence of the nature and extent of its publication. The only actual change rendered by section 1(1), according to the court, was to replace the common law threshold of 'substantial' harm (identified in Thornton v Telegraph Media Group Limited[2]) with 'serious' harm. Moreover, this change is purely semantic; in Thornton, Tugendhat J refers to the threshold using the term 'seriousness' far more frequently than he does the word 'substantial'.
As a result, in Lachaux, section 1(1) was interpreted in such a way that it did not actually raise the threshold above the level it had already reached at common law. This was in spite of the court's recognition that Parliament had intended to 'raise the bar'.[3] This problematic nature of Lachaux – explored by the author in detail elsewhere[4] – has now been laid out all the more plainly by the High Court's ruling in Burki v Seventy Thirty Ltd, which extends Lachaux in a manner that further frustrates Parliament's intention in passing section 1(2).[5] Burki was a case in which both a claim in misrepresentation and a counter-claim in defamation ultimately succeeded. (An additional counter-claim in malicious falsehood failed.) It is the defamation claim which is of particular significance.
Tereza Burki had paid a significant sum of money to procure the services of a matchmaking company (Seventy Thirty Ltd, also known as '70/30') in the hopes of meeting a suitable romantic partner. Unsatisfied with the service she received, Ms Burki posted unfavourable reviews of the company on two webpages, one of which – the 'Google review' – was ultimately found to attract liability. The judge, HHJ Richard Parkes QC, found the ordinary and natural meaning of the Google review to be that Seventy Thirty Ltd did not have the means to operate an effective matchmaking service, and was engaged in a fraudulent scheme to extract money from its clients.
The question was whether this meaning cleared the twin hurdles set up by sections 1(1) and 1(2). The judge had no difficulty in coming to the conclusion that the allegation of fraud was serious enough that it would tend to cause serious reputational harm. No evidence was needed in support of this, since – following Lachaux – such an inference could be drawn simply from the seriousness of the allegation. He therefore proceeded to consider section 1(2). Agreeing – perhaps defensibly, on coherence grounds – with Warby J's observation in Pirtek (Uk) Ltd v Jackson that the words 'likely to' must bear the same meaning in consecutive subsections of the same statute,[6] the judge determined that section 1(2) should be interpreted as meaning that serious reputational harm (to a body that trades for profit) is that which causes or has a tendency to cause that body serious financial loss. This also fitted with the slightly earlier decision of Nicol J in Euroeco Fuels (Poland) Ltd v Szczecin and Swinoujscie Seaports Authority SA that there was no indication on the face of the statute to limit 'serious financial loss' to special damage, nor to preclude courts from inferring such loss from the evidence.[7]
Just as with the section 1(1) hurdle, the claimant does not need – in the judge's view – to provide evidence of serious financial loss, nor of a likelihood of such loss occurring, in order to satisfy section 1(2), albeit Seventy Thirty Ltd did adduce some such evidence. To do so would (wrongly, in the judge's view) confuse 'serious financial loss' with special damage.[8] Instead, the court could infer a tendency to cause serious financial loss from broader circumstantial facts. In this case, the court did precisely that, inferring such a tendency from evidence that publication took place on the internet, and from the nature of the claimant company's business being such that the loss of even one client's business would entail serious loss. The number of readers of the review was 'unquantifiable', but the judge inferred from its online location that the readership would have been 'substantial'.[9]
Thus, the judge concluded that the Google review was 'liable to cause 70/30 Ltd serious financial loss'.[10] It is entirely understandable that the judiciary should instinctively incline to the view that the words 'likely to' should bear the same meaning in concurrent subsections of the same statute. To construe them otherwise would seem, prima facie, absurd. But giving them the same meaning in this instance gives rise to a problem Parliament most likely did not foresee. The problem is that it builds a claim for a commercial claimant by stacking inferences on top of one another, creating an inferential house of cards.
That which is inferred is not proved in quite the same sense as that which is directly evidenced. An inference is given a status akin to evidential proof, but it is fundamentally a reflection of a likelihood – a probability. To infer X is to say that, from the evidence before us, we think the odds are sufficiently in favour of X occurring that we think it likely that X will occur (or has occurred). When one says that a statement will probably cause harm, and that harm will probably cause financial loss, the combined probability of the two is less than that of the first. To put some crude numerical values on it, assume that a certainty of both serious reputational harm and serious financial loss consequent upon that harm is represented by the number 100. The likelihood of serious reputational harm is less than a certainty and so we might say it amounts to 75 per cent of that original certainty. The further likelihood of serious financial loss consequent upon that reputational harm occurring can now only be a percentage of the 75 per cent likelihood of reputational harm; it might be 75 per cent of 75 per cent. Thus, whilst the words 'likely to' appear to bear the same semantic meaning, they do not actually do so; the second likelihood is necessarily built upon the first and is thus a quantitatively lesser likelihood than the first.
Where an inference is drawn from available evidence (which evidence does not itself point directly to X occurring), what we are really saying is: 'it is more likely than not that it is more likely than not that X occurred.' Thus by drawing the two consecutive inferences in sections 1(1) and 1(2) we are saying something rather precarious. What we are saying is this: (A) given the seriousness of the accusation it is more likely than not that it is likely that the claimant's reputation will be seriously harmed, and (B) that given (A), and given the nature of the claimant's business and the forum within which the allegation was made, it is more likely than not that it is likely that the reputational harm will cause the claimant serious financial loss. It is a percentage of a percentage of certainty. But there is a significant risk that, when deciding (B), courts may lose sight of the fact that (A) is itself merely a likelihood of something being likely. In stating that the words 'likely to' bear the same meaning in sections 1(1) and 1(2), the decision in Burki, which follows the problematic path that the courts started down in Lachaux, is actively courting precisely that risk.
To this criticism, it might be retorted that all proof – whether evidential or inferential – is taken merely on a balance of probabilities (in civil cases) or beyond a reasonable doubt (in criminal cases). Thus, even if the inferences were excluded, decisions made on the evidence would also represent a mere fraction of a fraction of certainty. Such a retort would imply that inferences and tangible evidence are of the same or similar evidential value. This is an implication that drew support from the Court of Appeal in Lachaux, which pointed out that juries are routinely instructed that they may draw inferences against defendants in criminal trials. But this observation fails to provide an answer to the quantitative point. For in a criminal trial the prosecution may pray in aid an inference to be drawn from evidence that does not itself directly point to the defendant's guilt, such as the defendant's refusal to testify. This inference, however, could not stand alone as the sole 'proof' of guilt. A criminal case would always contain more evidence than merely the silence of the defendant, and the jury must still be satisfied to of guilt – on all the evidence, which may include an inference – to the criminal standard. Thus, if it draws an inference, it must be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt both that the defendant's silence indicates that the defendant has something to hide, and that, based on other evidence, what the defendant has to hide is her guilt. If a jury is not sure that the evidence alone indicates guilt, nor that the silence connotes guilt, it must acquit. It is one thing to draw an inference. It is quite another to substitute that inference for any other evidence that points directly to the defendant's liability, even where the standard of proof is the lower, civil standard.
When interpreting statutory provisions, the starting point is – naturally – the text of the legislation. There are occasions, however, when the legislative drafting is far from perfect and anomalies arise from attributing ostensibly sensible meanings to individual words. In Burki, the decision to give the same interpretation to the words 'likely to' in consecutive subsections of section 1 opens the door to claims succeeding where the cumulative likelihood of both serious reputational harm and serious financial loss occurring may actually fail – quantitatively – to reach the civil standard of proof. Most worryingly, the manner in which the capacity to rely on inferences is set out by the court suggests that such a failure to reach the civil standard might go unnoticed – mistaken, quite innocently, for the successful reaching of that standard.
Lachaux gave rise to a situation in defamation law where the interest that the law now protects is a right not only to one's good reputation, but to a freedom from criticism of a sort that would have a tendency to cause serious reputational harm – even if none ever actually occurs.[11] The problem with this is that it flies in the face of Parliament's intention when enacting section 1 of the Defamation Act 2013. This problem has now been exacerbated by the ruling in Burki. For it interprets the statute in such a way that a corporate claimant can successfully sue a dissatisfied customer over a single unfavourable review without having to provide any direct or tangible evidence either that its reputation was seriously harmed or that it has suffered, or is likely to suffer, serious financial loss.
It might be suggested that the manner in which the court reached its interpretation of section 1(2) in Burki indicates that it suffered from a lack of attentiveness to context (in much the same way as the Court of Appeal in Lachaux). Alternatively, and more charitably, the judge in Burki might be cleared of such a charge on the basis that following Lachaux – the really problematic decision in this field – ensured a basic, logical coherence between sections 1(1) and 1(2). Nonetheless, the first instance decision of Warby J in Lachaux,[12] which was subsequently overturned on appeal, showed considerably greater sensitivity to the context within which the Act was passed and in which it falls to be interpreted than either the Court of Appeal's judgment or the judgment in Burki. Warby J had held that, other than in obvious cases involving 'national media publication of a grave imputation, such as conspiracy to murder or serious sexual crime' where an inference may readily be drawn as to the likelihood that the statement would cause serious reputational harm, a claimant may need 'to prove some facts beyond the words themselves and the fact and extent of their publication' in order to satisfy section 1(1).[13] In other words, serious reputational harm would ordinarily need to be proved as a fact, on the balance of probabilities; only in exceptional, 'grave' cases would it be legitimate to infer serious harm. Interpreting section 1(1) in this fashion would have resulted in an ostensibly significant change to the common law, since it 'may well be that a claim will no longer succeed where the meaning is a serious one but the claimant's reputation in the eyes of those who read the words complained of is not in fact harmed seriously, if at all'.[14] Such a change would properly reflect Parliament's intention to 'raise the bar' to defamation claims.
However, by a combination of the Court of Appeal's rejection of Warby J's approach in Lachaux, and the High Court decision in Burki, we are left with a situation where claimants in defamation actions continue to benefit from an approach that locates a likelihood of serious reputational harm in statements even where there is no evidence that directly 'proves' that such a level of harm has, or is likely to occur. All that a claimant need provide is sufficient circumstantial evidence for the court to infer from it a tendency to cause serious reputational harm. Once the court infers such a tendency, the very same limited, circumstantial evidence can be used to infer a likelihood of serious financial loss. This enables a corporate claimant to squash a critical review like a bug, even where it has not and never does actually suffer any serious reputational harm or financial loss. Troublingly, the common law's deficiencies thus continue to plague the post-Defamation Act era, despite Parliament's attempt to cure them. The 2013 Act was intended to protect vocally critical members of the public from being squashed like bugs, not to facilitate more efficient squashing.
Thomas D C Bennett
City Law School
[1] [2017] EWCA Civ 1334, [2018] QB 594. A further appeal in Lachaux was heard by the Supreme Court on 13 and 14 November 2019.
[2] [2010] EWHC 1414 (QB), [2011] 1 WLR 1985.
[3] Note 1, [36].
[4] See Thomas D C Bennett, 'Why so serious? Lachaux and the threshold of 'serious harm' in section 1 Defamation Act 2013' (2018) 10(1) Journal of Media Law 1.
[5] [2018] EWHC 2151 (QB).
[6] [2017] EWHC 2834 (QB) at [50].
[8] Note 1, [210].
[9] Ibid, [216].
[10] Ibid, [218].
[11] This matter is addressed in greater detail in Bennett, n 4, at 16.
[12] [2015] EWHC 2242 (QB), [2016] QB 402.
[13] Ibid, [57-58].
[14] Ibid, [59].

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Rotten Sound are celebrating their 20th anniversary of Grindcore and chaos during the whole year of 2013. This crushing party begins with the release of the "Species at War" EP in January. Afterwards the wrecking will continue with many tours and festival performances all around the globe. 2013 promises to become the most intense year in the two decades of Rotten Sound's existence: "Our plans are huge and we are aware that some events may not happen, but we are working very hard to bring our music to the ears of as many people as possible", states frontman Keijo Niinimaa, after returning from the honourable position of lead guest singer at the "Nasum Farewell Tour" in 2012. "We will visit some new places, while continuing to bomb those we have been playing in since the very beginning of the band. We are also determined to arrange one hell of a party before the end of 2013 to celebrate our 20 years of existence."
Rotten Sound's opening assault "Species at War" contains 6 brand new tracks, which are attached to each other in order to create one insane ride through aggression and despair with a few heavier passages sprinkled in. Where "Cursed" (2011) went through the curses of humanity, "Species at War" deals with the evil consequences of wars caused by religions and cultures. "We felt that 'Cursed' needed a closing chapter both musically and lyrically", continues Niinimaa. "Therefore we decided to take everything a step further in terms of chaos and heaviness. All lyrics were written during a weekend last summer and I ended up recording them the very next week, when everything was still fresh in my mind. That paid off, because it feels as if this whole release is lyrically just one epic song.
Musically Rotten Sound mercilessly attack, delivering the sonic equivalent of an apocalyptic battlefield with their seventh EP "Species at War". True to the tradition of classic Grindcore, this stunning inferno is presented in 8:05 minutes. Yet the Finns make every second count. This brutal mind-blowing onslaught of downtuned guitar and bass smashes all resistance. A fierce barrage from the drums pushes relentlessly forward and the vocal growls roll like thunder over the shell shocked ground. Then again Rotten Sound deliver more than just a musical illustration of the horrors of war. A dark but warm streak runs though their Grindcore onslaught enhanced by Death Metal precision, which expresses such unexpected emotions like melancholy, longing and passion. This might serve to explain together with their outstanding technical abilities, why a band with such extreme intensity hits the charts in their native Finland with each release since the mid-2000s.
Rotten Sound were formed on one insane night of July 1993, during the aftermath of a Vomiturition studio session. The band recorded a bunch of EP's and splits before they released their first two full-lengths, "Under Pressure" (1997) and "Drain" (1998). After the "Still Psycho" MCD (2000), which was also their first proper release in North America, the Finns started to tour more actively. This took the band to a higher level and when "Murderworks" was released in 2005, media and public recognized and praised the massive new force in Scandinavian Grind. Following this success, Rotten Sound's sound evolved on "Exit" (2005), the "Consume to Contaminate" MCD (2006) and the "Cycles" album (2008), which added more heavy parts and some of the forgotten Crust elements from their early years. Their latest full-length "Cursed" shook the world on impact in 2011.
Playing live has always been a high priority for Rotten Sound and their journeys led them to share stages with Carcass, Exhumed, Victims, Disfear, Phobia, Misery Index, Nasum, Pig Destroyer, Napalm Death, Doom and many other leading bands of the extreme music scene, which they shaped in union with the Finns. Now 2013 will be more than just another year for shaking the foundations of live venues and assaulting people with deadly Grindcore. Rotten Sound are also planning to re-enter the studio in order to record their next album straight after the extensive touring is done. Yet first it's time to get on the road and to have the final anniversary party heralded by "Species at War". "Keep your eyes peeled, follow the news and join the Grindcore party in a city near to you!", finishes Niinimaa. War is here!


San Jose, CA, July 29, 2013 - Super Micro Computer, Inc. (NASDAQ: SMCI), a global leader in high-performance, high-efficiency server, storage technology and green computing, will exhibit its range of high-performance enterprise-class supercomputing solutions at the NVIDIA GPU Technology Conference Japan 2013 (GTC Japan 2013) this week. This wide range of GPU-accelerated computing solutions includes the 12x GPU 4U, 4-node FatTwin™, rackmount SuperServers including the new 1U 3x GPU SYS-1027GR-TRT2+ featuring 512GB of memory in 16x DIMM slots, ultra high-density GPU SuperBlade® solutions delivering up to 256 TFLOPS in 42U and entry-level to high-end SuperWorkstations supporting up to 5x GPUs. This expanding line of high-performance GPU platforms covers the widest range applications from supercomputing clusters for compute-intensive scientific and engineering based modeling and simulation to scalable solutions for enterprise virtualization and 3D CG production.
Supermicro has the industry's broadest line of high-performance, application-optimized GPU server solutions that support the NVIDIA® Kepler™ architecture-based Tesla® K10, K20 and K20X GPU accelerators, and NVIDIA GRID™ K1, K2 GPUs, as well as SuperWorkstations supporting NVIDIA Quadro® graphics processors, including the new K6000.
SYS-F627G3-FT+ / G2-FT+ 4U FatTwin™ with 4x hot-plug nodes supporting 12x GPUs (3x per node) and dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors (up to 130W TDP) per node. Available with front I/O and 2x 3.5" or 6x 2.5" hot-swap HDD bays. Features redundant 1620W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%+) power supplies.
SYS-6037R-72RFT+ 3U SuperServer® supporting 3x GPUs (passive cooling), dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors (up to 135W TDP), up to 768GB memory and 8x hot-swap 3.5" SAS2 HDD bays. Features redundant 1280W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%) digital switching power supplies.
SYS-2027GR-TRFH 2U SuperServer® supporting 6x GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors (up to 130W TDP), up to 256GB memory and 10x hot-swap 2.5" SATA HDD bays. Features redundant 1800W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%+) power supply and smart server management tools.
SYS-1027GR-TRT2+ 1U SuperServer® supporting 3x GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors (up to 130W TDP), up to 512GB memory in 16x DIMM slots and 4x hot-swap 2.5" SATA3 HDD bays. Features 1600W redundant Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%+) power supplies and smart server management tools.
SYS-1027GR-TQFT 1U SuperServer® supporting 4x GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors (up to 115W TDP), up to 256GB memory and 4x hot-swap 2.5" SATA3 HDD bays. Features 1800W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%+) power supplies and smart server management tools.
SuperBlade® Solution – The all-in-one SuperBlade features redundant Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%+) power supplies, high speed connectivity through network switch modules, including 56Gb/s FDR IB (SBM-IBS-F3616M), FC/FCoE (SBM-XEM-F8X4SM), 10GbE (SBM-XEM-X10SM) and 1/10GbE (SBM-GEM-X3S+) and centralized remote management software.
NEW SBI-7127RG3 Blade supports 3x NVIDIA Tesla K20X SXM form factor GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors, up to 256GB memory and onboard BMC for IPMI 2.0 support. 10x blades in 7U SuperBlade® enclosure scales to best density (180x GPUs and 120x CPUs) and performance (256 TFLOPS theoretical) per 42U rack.
NEW SBI-7127RG-E Blade supports 2x GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors, up to 256GB memory, 1x SSD or 1x SATA-DOM, and onboard BMC for IPMI 2.0 support. 10x blades in 7U SuperBlade® enclosure offers high density (120x GPUs and 120x CPUs) and performance (178 TFLOPS theoretical) per 42U rack.
SYS-7047GR-TRF / -TPRF Ultimate performance and expandability with support for up to 5x GPUs, dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors, up to 512GB memory and 8x hot-swap 3.5" HDD bays. Features redundant 1620W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%) power supplies.
SYS-7047A-T High-end 4U/Tower workstation supports dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors, up to 512GB memory, PCI-E 3.0 3x (x16), 2x (x8), 1x (x4) expansion slots, 8x 3.5" hot-swap HDD bays and dual-port Gigabit Ethernet. Features 1200W Platinum Level high-efficiency (94%) power supply.
SYS-7037A-i High-end, whisper-quiet (24db) workstation supports dual Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 series processors, up to 512GB memory, PCI-E 3.0 3x (x16), 2x (x8), 1x (x4) expansion slots, 4x 3.5" hot-swap HDD bays and optional 4x 2.5" internal HDD/SDD bays and dual-port Gigabit Ethernet. Features 900W high efficiency power supply.
SYS-5037A-i Entry-level, single processor workstation supporting Intel® Xeon® E5-1600/2600 series processors, up to 256GB memory, PCI-E 3.0 2x (x16), 1x (x4 in x8), PCI-E 2.0 1x (x4 in x8), 1x PCI-32 expansion slots, 4x 3.5" hot-swap HDD bays and optional 4x 2.5" internal HDD/SDD bays. Features 900W high efficiency power supply.


text:
const gulp = require('gulp');
const $ = require('gulp-load-plugins')();
const browserSync = require('browser-sync').create();
const nunjucks = require('nunjucks');

let customEnv = new nunjucks.Environment();
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function errorlog (error) {
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function requireUncached( $module ) {
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// Sass Task
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// scss to njk
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// yml to json
gulp.task('ymlToJson', function () {
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gulp.task('default', [
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Google Search response.items.length error EDIT:
This is the page where you can find all the error stuff:
http://google.intellectproductions.com/
I'm using this example for Google Search API:

    <title>JSON/Atom Custom Search API Example</title>

However, that has a flaw in it and I have no idea why.
My script tag url is this:

But with both examples it is giving me this error:
Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'length' of undefined

Why would they post something that has an error in it?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The Northern Exposure Bedding Collection features various things you might see while on a walk in the woods. Pine trees, porcupines, bears, skunks, moose, fish, and leaves all remind us of the Northern woods, while the stump & ax picture remind us of log cabins with roaring fireplaces. The cream background along with the earthy burgundy, tan, and greens blend perfectly with nearly any rustic decor.
Enjoy your Northern Exposure Bedding Collection in your log cabin, rustic lodge, or western mountain retreat.


text:
The Best Places to Visit in Osaka in 48 Hours
Discover all you can do in Japan's food capital.
A main transit hub to Kyoto, Osaka is Japan's third largest metropolitan city, ranking just below Yokohama and Tokyo. More than just a pit stop, this city is the ultimate hotspot for foodies, boasts some of the country's best vintage stores and is home to various historic cultural sites.
If you're in town for the weekend and don't have your itinerary sorted out, our guide has got you covered. From the heart of Osaka – Dotonbori – that offers a range of delectable street food, to the city's iconic landmark Osaka Castle, read our extensive list below to plan your next trip.
While you're here, don't forget to check out our other city guides for more travel inspiration.
Osaka Castle is one of the city's most iconic landmarks. The central building is five stories on the outside and eight stories on the inside built atop a tall stone foundation. It is also one of the best spots to take in the view of Osaka during the day or night.
Address: 1-1 Osakajo, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Located on the island of Nakanoshima, Osaka's National Museum of Art houses artwork from the post-war era. Most of the museum's facilities are located underground in order to accommodate to its modern exterior designed by architect César Pelli.
Address: 4 Chome-2-55 Nakanoshima, Kita Ward, Osaka
Right next to the National Museum of Art is Osaka's Science Museum. The permanent exhibition is spread throughout four floors – each floor representing a different theme – consisting of mainly interactive science exhibits.
Address: 4 Chome-2-1 Nakanoshima, Kita Ward, Osaka
Dotonbori Market
Situated along the Dotonbori canal in the Namba district, Dotonbori Market features a variety of restaurants and bars. It is also famous for its neon signage and billboards, including the iconic Kani Douraku crab and the Glico running man located above Ebisubashi Bridge.
Address: 1 Chome-9 Dotonbori, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Shinsekai Market
Located near Tsutenkaku Tower, Shinsekai Market is the go-to spot for kushikatsu – one of Osaka's specialty dishes composed of various skewered and deep-fried battered foods.
Address: 1 Chome-21-12 Ebisuhigashi, Naniwa Ward, Osaka
Jibundoki
If you're looking for the ultimate okonomiyaki (a Japanese savory pancake) fix, Jibundoki serves up some of the best in the city. Recommended by Inside Osaka, the restaurant is known for its attention to detail, and provides quality ingredients that take the dish to the next level.
Address: 4 Chome−5−11, Minamikyuhojimachi, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Usami-Tei Matsubaya
Recognized for its iconic Kitsune udon noodles, Usami-Tei Matsubaya has been using its famous recipe for the last 100 years. The restaurant pairs the classic Japanese dish with a sheet of fried tofu, beef, tempura or tonkatsu.
Address: 3 Chome-8-1 Minamisenba, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Nishihara
Specializing in unagi, Nishihara serves up quality, delectable eel Kanto-style. According to Inside Osaka, this specific technique involves slicing the eel open along the back and steamed right before grilling it, giving it a more tender texture.
Address: 4-12 Kitashinmachi, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Kuromon Market is a public market that stretches 600 meters long, offering a selection of 150 shops that predominantly sell fish, meat and other produce. Other shops in the area are dedicated to selling traditional sweets, clothes and homeware.
Address: 2 Chome-4-1 Nipponbashi, Chuo Ward, Osaka
Amerikamura
Amerikamura, also known as Amemura amongst the locals, is the heart of youth culture in Osaka. The area consists of a web of narrow streets featuring shops dedicated to urban apparel and streetwear.
Address: 1 Chome Higashishinsaibashi, Chuo Ward, Osaka
LiLo Coffee Roasters
Located on the outskirts of Amerikamura, LiLo Coffee Roasters is one of the first local specialty coffee shops amongst the Osakan coffee scene. Offering up to 18 different single-origin beans, each order is served with a beautifully illustrated card that provides details of the coffee's origin and tasting notes.
Address: 1 Chome−1−10-28, Nishishinsaibashi, Chuo Ward, Osaka
atmos pink LUCUA
atmos pink, a concept shop by atmos, is the ultimate shopping destination for women who love streetwear and sneakers. The store offers vintage items and contemporary apparel brands, catering to its customers' different styles and preferences.
Address: 2F, 3-1-3, Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka
JAM Horie
For those who are into thrifting, JAM Horie is the place to cop both brand new and secondhand styles. Items range from adidas apparel to Vans high-top sneakers, as well as vintage Rolling Stones T-shirts.
Address: 2 Chome-4-6 Minamihorie, Nishi Ward, Osaka
Stretching 800 meters, Orange street is often dubbed the "vogue" street of Osaka. Along the street, you'll find a number of boutiques, interior goods shops and even cafés.
Address: 7 Minamihorie, Nishi Ward, Osaka
Blending fashion, food and plants, Biotop is a multilevel concept space that houses a café, a restaurant and a greenhouse under one roof. Customers can indulge in a cup of joe while browsing through the store's selection of designer labels including Stella McCartney and Acne Studios.
Address: 1 Chome−16−1, Minamihorie, Nishi Ward, Osaka
Residential Hotel Hare Shin Osaka
Hotel Hare combines both modern aesthetic and traditional design under one roof. Immerse yourself in history and culture in one of the hotel's contemporary Japanese style rooms.
Address: 1 Chome-21-29 Higashinakajima, Higashiyodogawa Ward, Osaka
Pauline De Leon
Paul Jeong
By Pauline De Leon Jan 8, 2020 Travel
TravelShoppingJapanRestaurantsFoodMuseumsCity GuidesVintageCafesatmosOsakaSee More
Osaka City Guide: The Best Restaurants, Shops & Museums to Visit in 48 Hours


..... Click the link for more information. ). He was variously represented as an ibis, as an ibis-headed man, or as a baboon.
In Graeco-Roman times, the Egyptian Moon God Djehuti, or Zehuti, took the form Thoth (pronounced "Toe-th"). He was associated with Hermes. In Egypt, Thoth was patron of literature, science, wisdom, and inventions. He was also the spokesman for the gods and Keeper of the Records.
Thoth is depicted with the head of an ibis and, many times, wearing a solar disk sitting on a crescent on his head. Thoth also was occasionally depicted as a dog-headed ape, suggesting that he may have been derived from a fusion of two earlier lunar deities. He is usually counted as the oldest son of Ra but sometimes as the child of Geb and Nut.
Thoth had all knowledge and wisdom. He invented mathematics, astronomy, magic, medicine, music, and all the arts and sciences. He was also the inventor of hieroglyphs and, as such, became known as "Lord of Holy Words." As Moon God, it was his job to measure time.
A tarot deck designed by Aleister Crowley, with the art executed by Frieda Hariss, is known as the Crowley Thoth Tarot.
in Egyptian mythology, the god of the moon, as well as of wisdom, writing, and reckoning. He was also the patron of the sciences, of scribes and sacred books, and of sorcery. The cult center of Thoth was Hermopolis Magna. Myths relate that as Osiris judged the dead, Thoth would record their deeds. He was worshipped in the form of an ibis or a baboon or as a man with the head of an ibis. In Greek mythology, Thoth was identified with Hermes.
Turaev, B. A. Bog Tot. Leipzig, 1898.
But let me tell ye thot I know my buzz'ness uz well, an' thot I'm no a-lookun' for lighters wuthout lights.
Amal Al Redha, Senior Fundraising Manager at Dubai Cares, the programme partner of THOT, introduced the 'Adopt a School" initiative, the first cause undertaken by THOT, and honoured the support partners EMW, Pinnacle Smart Systems and Spusht for their contribution towards the cause.
The wall relief is one of the "few available sculptures combining the two deities -- God Amen-Re and God Thot," Ali al-Asfar, head of Upper Egypt's antiquities, said.
san Miguel / Thot y el Senor de las Aguas / Khnum), y que a su vez pudieron coincidir con las de otra iglesia alejandrina, la Kyriakon, quiza la que Rufino menciono bajo un titulo artificioso y muy intencionado.
TH gre scr thoT tho frin forT The M&S jumper feels more The boots are stylish and comfortable, but are more than twice the Primark price.
i've lost it touch wit reality/i dont know who's doin it i thot i waz but i waz so stupid i waz able to be hurt & that's not real/not anymore/i shd be immune/ if i'm still alive & that's what i waz discussin/how i am still alive & my dependency on other livin beins for love i survive on intimacy & tomorrow/that's all i've got goin (p.
En este sentido -por el cual la hermeneutica es un angel, es decir, literalmente un mensajero-, asentado por Platon, la hermeneutica aparece relacionada con la interpretacion de los oraculos (Politico, 260d-e; 290c) y, al menos en parte, con la poesia, ya que tambien los poetas son mensajeros de los dioses (Ion, 534e); a este ambito se refiere la etimologia tardia que hace remontar la hermeneutica a Hermes, el mensajero de los dioses, correspondiente al Thot egipcio, inventor de la escritura, y al Mercurio romano, dios de los intercambios, del comercio y protector de los ladrones.
y g ADEL ThOt As ne "played This year we had TOM ODELL (left) who I think will be massive.
Una recopilacion de los metodos exactos utilizados hasta 2002 puede encontrarse en Thot y Vigo (2002) y mas recientemente en los trabajos de Fukasawa et al.
One person tweeted: "Rite im confused, I thot (sic) the kristen stewart thing was fake, what is she apologising for in her statement then?


text:
Guinea es un concejo del municipio de Valdegovía, en la provincia de Álava, País Vasco (España).

Localización
El concejo está situado en la parte occidental de la provincia, 32 km al oeste de Vitoria y 24 km al norte de Miranda de Ebro

Geografía
El concejo está enclavado en la falda de un monte, en plena sierra de Arcamo y a más de 700 m de altura.

Historia
Hasta 1927 perteneció al municipio de Lacozmonte.

Demografía

Monumentos
La iglesia parroquial de San Martín es el edificio más significativo del pueblo, pero no tiene un gran valor artístico.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Concejos de Álava
Localidades de Valdegovía

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


After implementing password-less authentication in a couple of projects, and doing a lightning talk on the subject at the FCC Melbourne Meetup, I wrote up a tutorial to help people avoid some of the pitfalls I discovered when I got started with it.
Awesome, thanks a lot! I am certainly going to use that for the back end projects.


Copyright 1974 by Denis Kitchen. Published by Kitchen Sink Enterprises. 36 pages. 1st (only) printing. $0.65 cover price. Kennedy guide # 1834.
Includes work by Harvey Kurtzman (cover), Steve Stiles, Evert Geradts, Howard Cruse, Mark Morrison, Denis Kitchen, Peter Poplaski.


text:
Q: c++ memory mess in arrays Why does this happen?
u_char macDst[6], macSrc[6], ipType[2]={0x88, 0x92};
u_char header[] = {0x04,0x00,0x20,0x00,...,};
const int len = sizeof(macDst) + sizeof(macSrc) + sizeof(header) + 2;
u_char* pck[len];

int j = 0, length = sizeof(macDst);
for (j; j < length; j++)
{
    pck[j] = &macDst[j];
}
length += sizeof(macSrc);

for (j; j < length; j++)
{
    pck[j] = &macSrc[j - sizeof(macDst)];
}

pck[j++] = &ipType[0];
pck[j++] = &ipType[1];

length += sizeof(header) + 2;

for (j; j < len; j++)
{
    pck[j] = &header[j - sizeof(macDst) - sizeof(macSrc)];
}
u_char testSend[170];

memcpy(testSend, *pck, sizeof(pck));

The var testSend only has macDst values (before initialized), while in the pointer I have all of them. If I copy them one by one, I get a good result:
for (int k = 0; k < 170; k++)
{
    testSend[k] = *pck[k];
}

Any idea??
Thanks!!
Edit:
This is a physic problem:
-----ooooooooo------------aaaa----bbbb----
- Null Data

When I make the pointers array I am doing this:
oooooooooaaaabbbb

But when I sent the packet and when I did the memcpy (or memmove) I was saying this: take this pointer and this amount of memory and copy them:
----|oooooooooo----------|----aaaaa----bbbb----

being the amount the sum of the 3 memory places.

A: I find the code convoluted, and I would never write it this way. Still, the error here:
memcpy(testSend, *pck, sizeof(pck));

You are dereferencing pck - and point to the first element, which is a char*. This is what you copy using your memcpy. On the other hand, your hand-written loop does dereference the pointer before copying it.

A: Fill the testSend array directly:
u_char *p = testSend;
memcpy(p, macDst, sizeof(macDst)); p += sizeof(macDst);
memcpy(p, macSrc, sizeof(macSrc)); p += sizeof(macSrc);
memcpy(p, ipType, sizeof(ipType);  p += sizeof(ipType);
memcpy(p, header, sizeof(header));


text:
<?php
  // Display PHP environment information.
  phpinfo();
?>


text:
Home » News & Blogs » Blogs Directory » Tychogirl
Tychogirl
By: (Website , RSS/Atom)
Added on 31 May 2012, 00:08 UTC, last updated on 8 Apr 2019, 02:06 UTC
5 Mar 2014, 03:11 UTC she on the periphery
4 Mar 2014, 16:28 UTC I want to watch the sunrise
1 Mar 2014, 18:49 UTC Artist Not Muse #1
1 Mar 2014, 17:11 UTC burning sun and expanse
26 Feb 2014, 00:13 UTC she will not SWOON
25 Feb 2014, 02:09 UTC The moon is essentially a dead world.
25 Feb 2014, 01:04 UTC If you should ever be able to see the moon through a larger telescope
22 Feb 2014, 03:27 UTC There is poetry in this passage
18 Feb 2014, 03:44 UTC wander the night
13 Feb 2014, 01:47 UTC blue smoke ring
11 Feb 2014, 17:39 UTC She looked through the telescope
10 Feb 2014, 02:20 UTC vox nihili
8 Feb 2014, 18:44 UTC posthumous poetry
7 Feb 2014, 22:04 UTC What is NASA for
4 Feb 2014, 03:24 UTC Optics
1 Feb 2014, 15:44 UTC For Columbia
1 Feb 2014, 04:03 UTC unnoticed clear sky
26 Jan 2014, 23:28 UTC perpetual agitation
24 Jan 2014, 00:11 UTC Another day
18 Jan 2014, 23:48 UTC The poet move
16 Jan 2014, 19:18 UTC I wander far above me
14 Jan 2014, 01:29 UTC the woman of the house
13 Jan 2014, 03:51 UTC free to leisure
7 Jan 2014, 02:46 UTC the infinites
5 Jan 2014, 00:39 UTC Bildungsroman
2 Jan 2014, 02:18 UTC chained to planet-home
30 Dec 2013, 21:10 UTC remembrance of blue
27 Dec 2013, 22:29 UTC the big picture
18 Dec 2013, 04:20 UTC Launch
15 Dec 2013, 22:48 UTC Undone Europa
11 Dec 2013, 01:54 UTC space is
9 Dec 2013, 04:21 UTC Floating a little
3 Dec 2013, 23:20 UTC Elegy
3 Dec 2013, 04:23 UTC Wanderlust #5: irresistible to women
27 Nov 2013, 22:25 UTC Cassini vs. Mars
23 Nov 2013, 02:06 UTC lure me to new land
21 Nov 2013, 03:04 UTC after a rude heave
15 Nov 2013, 02:28 UTC one more star
13 Nov 2013, 00:56 UTC return my childhood
30 Oct 2013, 02:00 UTC prolific ruins
29 Oct 2013, 03:23 UTC Hackneyed
22 Oct 2013, 02:39 UTC clearness of ink
14 Oct 2013, 00:54 UTC up in the ether
11 Oct 2013, 19:20 UTC the skies guess why
9 Oct 2013, 02:43 UTC Space closed again
27 Sep 2013, 03:32 UTC uninterrupted arch
25 Sep 2013, 23:51 UTC stillness in space
23 Sep 2013, 00:40 UTC something worth looking at
22 Sep 2013, 15:00 UTC In the blue-black
17 Sep 2013, 01:29 UTC scattered stars
Displaying 351-400 of 563 entries.
Previous | 1 ... 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | Next


"My short stay in Constantinople had whetted my appetite and the Orient was my most frequent dream"
Though the exotic, and sometimes scandalous, subject matter of his paintings attracted disapproval, there can be no doubt that Jean-Léon Gérôme was a technical maestro; a master of the spectacular who prided himself on a meticulous attention to picture detail. One of the most famous French painters of his generation, he can be credited with bringing about a transformation in historical painting. He was, however, subject to fierce criticism and controversy (mainly from Realists and Expressionists) who viewed his blending of academic painting with genre painting as falling somewhere between two outmoded schools. Nevertheless, Gérôme, whose pictorial worlds could certainly not be relied upon for historical accuracy, captivated a public that was won over by the skill and theatricality of his art. In his later career Gérôme reinvented himself as a sculptor, but he remains best known for his spectacular historical narratives that were made even more popular through the photographic reproduction of his images.
Emerging as a force during the dawning of French modernism, Gérôme gained a reputation as something of a conservative dissident. Closely aligned to the "passé" (from a modernist's point of view) tropes of Neoclassicism, Naturalism and Orientalism, he antagonized the Parisian avant-garde community with his art and his vocal opposition to the rise of Impressionism, which he saw as unskilled and incompetent.
Gérôme's numerous paintings of the Orient revealed at once his strength and weakness. His meticulous and precise images lent a veneer of authenticity to a fantasy of the Orient that was rendered complete and untouched. While this skill did not win over the elders of the art establishment, it proved hugely popular with ordinary art lovers who purchased reproductions of his art in substantial quantities.
Though he predates the maturation of narrative cinema, his work has been described retrospectively as "cinematic". This description refers to a style of painting that creates powerful and overwhelming pictorial illusions of historical worlds in a style that comes close to photographic realism. Indeed, his paintings lent themselves to photographic reproduction with still copies of his work able to reach a broad public.
Gérôme was a founding member of the so-called Neo-Grec Circle. Formed in in 1847, it comprised of a group of young artists who wanted to bring a higher standard of detail and archaeological accuracy to Greco-Roman antiquity painting.
Gérôme was sometimes referred to as "The Father of Polychromy", a name given to the classical discipline of painting onto a marble sculpture. His polychrome sculptures drew thus on references from antiquity but to which he added a sense of modern day realism.
The son of a goldsmith and jeweler, Jean-Léon Gérôme was born in the French provincial town of Vesoul in 1824. An intelligent, studious child, he studied Latin, Greek and history at high school. He was taught drawing by Claude Basil Cariage, a Neoclassical painter and former student of Jean-August-Dominique Ingres. Indeed, a young Gérôme showed an impressive talent for art, and his teacher instructed him to learn from plaster casts and models which he had brought to Vesoul from Paris. In 1938 Gérôme won his first prize for drawing, and his work caught the eye of a friend of the French historical painter Paul Delaroche.
Interactive chart with Jean-Léon Gérôme's main influences, and the people and ideas that the artist influenced in turn.
First published on 15 Mar 2019. Updated and modified regularly.


text:
The Ruler's Guide
China's Greatest Emperor and His Timeless Secrets of Success
By Chinghua Tang
Read by Raymond Lee
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In the classic tradition of Sun Tzu's The Art of War, here for the first time in English is the timeless wisdom of China's greatest emperor Tang Taizong (598–649 AD), which is still being studied more than 1,300 years later as an invaluable guide to leading and managing.
Tang Taizong is arguably the greatest Emperor in Chinese history. In Asia, many historians rank him with such rulers as Augustus, Genghis Khan, and Napoleon. When he founded the Tang dynasty, Taizong was only twenty-eight years old, and his chief accomplishments were on the battlefield, where he personally slew 1,000 of the enemy. Ultimately, he would defeat the descendants of Attila the Hun, open up the Silk Road trading route, create a golden age of prosperity and cosmopolitan culture, preside over a society in which women enjoyed higher status, and allow Christianity and Islam into China for the first time as well as introduce Buddhism into Tibet. His dynasty would last 300 years.
Here, author Chinghua Tang presents conversations between Taizong and his gifted advisers that reveal core aspects of leadership, among them: how to appraise oneself and assess others, how to enhance organizational effectiveness, how to compete with rivals, how to grow power and influence without losing the respect of others, how to learn from the rise and fall of predecessors, and how to craft one's legacy.
An indispensable guide that is as relevant for a middle-manager, military commander, or athletic coach as for a school principal, political leader, or over-stressed parent, The Ruler's Guide doesn't just reveal the insights that have kept Taizong's legacy alive, it spells out how that wisdom is a match for today's fast-paced, ever changing world.
© Chinghua Tang
Chinghua Tang
Chinghua Tang was born in Shanghai, where he studied at East China Normal University. He subsequently graduated from the London School of Economics and was the first Harvard MBA from the People's Republic of China. He has worked at several asset management firms, including Barclays, and today runs his own management consulting firm, Concorde Universal Inc. He lives in New York City.
About The Reader
Raymond Lee
Publisher: Simon & Schuster Audio (February 7, 2017)
Runtime: 3 hours and 35 minutes
Business & Economics > Strategic Planning
Self-Help > Personal Growth > Success
Philosophy > Eastern > General
Book Cover Image (jpg): The Ruler's Guide
Unabridged Audio Download 9781508229209
Author Photo (jpg): Chinghua Tang


These pencils provide extra smooth drawing to achieve dramatic and intense blacks and create beautiful blended sketches. Erases with General's Magic Black or Magic White eraser. This package contains two black 6B Charcoal Pencils. Made in USA.


Add a means to generate additional random variables "on the fly"
In many situations simulating games, I need to (for example) roll extra dice depending on what I've already rolled. (For example, in Monopoly, you roll 2 dice, and if they are a pair, you roll again). This can be approximated by rolling as many dice as you might ever need and simply ignoring the unwanted ones, but the number of results rapidly gets very large that way, and the calculations get slow.
Calling recDice(3) shall return the expected distribution if no more than 3 throws is allowed. The crux of the function is the statement with Lea.if_(…), which takes the current dice result and adds, if the dice show the same value, the result of the same process removing one throw on the max (recursion); if the dice values differ, then the value added is 0.
Admittedly, despite the conciseness, such function is not easy to craft! If you think it's helpful, I'll add this in the example page.
Ah, right - that's how you can use if_ for something like this. I wondered if you could, but couldn't quite work out how. I'm going to have to ponder on it to understand completely. For example, why do you return dSum.getAlea() rather than just dSum?
But regardless, thanks for the example.
with the .getAlea() call, the recDice(1), recDice(2), recDice(3) are true distributions calculated in sequence, each one from the previous one; there are less cases to explore because the collapsing effect of summing dice (e.g. 2 dice -> 36 cases become 11 cases).
Sorry if all this sounds a bit convoluted but this is actually the very heart of Lea!
Not at all, that's very helpful. I'll go and read the explanation on getAlea fully as well. I hadn't read through to the 3rd tutorial yet, as I had (mistakenly!) thought it was covering topics I wasn't yet interested in.
Nice! That's clever. I don't see a better way to propagate "Gaol".
The recMonopolyDiceG is just facade function converting -infinity into the string "Gaol"; I checked that this function gives the same result as yours. For your information, you can use the equiv method to make such check, e.g. recMonopolyDice(3).equiv(recMonopolyDiceG(3)) shall return True.
OK, this alternative implementation is just a trick that moves the complexity. Having to program such function remains too complex for simple rules that any child can understand. I'm looking forward for your ideas.
I've had a revelation, that I'd not really understood about getAlea(), even with your explanation above. The key problem is that getAlea() creates an independent result, so (as a simple example) Lea.if_(d1 == d2, 'Gaol', (d1+d2).getAlea()).p(12) is 5/216, rather than 0.
As a result, if you're trying to trim the number of cases being calculated by using getAlea() you have to be very careful not to end up getting the wrong answer.
I'm now thinking that the problem is actually one of optimisation. Writing the "naive" function that builds the distribution without worrying about "rolling too many dice" is not that hard. But the O(6**nDice) time complexity is unacceptable.
Using a recursive function and getAlea is basically just trying to optimise the final calculation, but it gets into trouble when we (accidentally) call getAlea on something that isn't independent of other parts of the expression. I think (although I've not managed to write complete enough code to test this yet) that it's always safe to call getAlea on a subexpression that shares no variables with the rest of the main expression. So we could, in theory, write an optimiser that did this automatically.
I'm trying to write a proof of concept of this. But I'm struggling at the moment to understand how the Blea class works, and in particular the role of the _ctxClea attribute. This seems to be a reference to all of the variables used in the Ilea objects making up the Blea - is that right? If so, I think it would be possible to look for individual Ilea children that used a subset of variables that weren't used elsewhere in the Blea, and call getAlea on those to remove the dependency. I think I then need to fix up the _ctxClea list to reflect that we no longer depend on those variables.
Does that seem like a possible improvement to make? If so, am I right about how _ctxClea works?
This is an original idea and, seemingly, a good idea! I'm a bit embarrassed because these are hard questions and I'm lacking time. I thought a bit on it today, I've several points in mind but I need more time to give sensible and understandable answers. In the meantime, I can try (!) to explain the story of Blea and _ctxClea (OK, you've already seen that Blea.build is, by far, the most tricky method of the package – well, it's monstrous actually!).
The job of Blea is to build conditional prob. table (CPT) and evaluate them under given conditions (or "evidences" or "assumptions" or …). These are used for Bayesian nets (BN) and for Lea.if_ method that you know (which is a sort of minimal BN). It is build up from clauses <if C1 then X1>, <if C2 then X2>, etc. where Ci and Xi are Lea instances that could have interdependences. The evaluation algorithm browses the combination of values of independent variable (Alea instances) one by one, check for each combination which Ci is True, collects value-probability pairs of corresponding Xi and aggregates all this pairs. In many CPT, this produces the good results. However, if some variable Z is referred in some clause (say C1 or X1) but not in other clauses (say C2 or X2), then there is an imbalance in the probability weights and the results are wrong (see #9 and #11 – Leapp is just there as a syntactic sugar to replace Blea.build). Here comes _ctxClea… It's there just to fix the potential problem by gathering any such Z variable and be sure its probability weights are multiplied in all clauses. Now, that's not yet the end of the story : a user doing complex BN was complaining about the very bad performance to build his BN. One of the reason was linked to this _ctxClea thing, which was anyway superfluous in the way the BN was built. Then, I've added this optional ctxType argument to let the caller have a lever to accelerate the BN building by removing the _ctxClea treatment. Another lever was the check argument that allows skipping expensive checks. OK, it's a long story… let's stop here!
Now, if you want to really understand all this so as to develop your idea, I do advise you to have a look first in Alea._genVPs method; there, you can understand how Lea manages the dependencies between variables, thanks to Python generators (the "Statues" algorithm). It's short, well documented and I think that you'll find there the very idea of Lea!
I'll try to give answers to your other points later.
"(...) the method calls the _genVPs method implemented in Lea subclasses;"
"(...) the present Alea._genVPs method is called by the _genVPs methods implemented in other Lea subclasses; these methods are themselves called by Lea.new and, indirectly, by Lea.getAlea"
What I'm hoping to do is to develop at least a prototype optimiser, and I'll see how well it works in practice. (The examples I have are all fairly complex game simulations, based on examples a friend used for a Monte Carlo simulator he wrote, so they are pretty good for stress-testing something like Lea - it's quite probable that some of the examples are too complex for any sort of analytical solution, but I don't intend to give up easily :-)) In the process of doing that I'll probably want to write some tests, so I may also work on putting together at least the basis of a test suite, which I know is one of your open issues. If I do, I'll likely use tox and py.test as that's the test framework I'm most comfortable with - would that be OK with you?
Great. No problem at all!


First of all you need to make a proper diet plan to burn excess fat around your belly. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, lean protein, low-fat dairy products and whole grains but reduce oily and junk foods. Eating the wrong foods can cause you to gain more tummy fat. Avoid alcohol, or sugary, fizzy carbonated drinks. Sweet and sugary drinks and beer can also cause you to gain more tummy fat. Eat fruits rich in Vitamin C because it helps a lot to burn excess fat around your stomach.
Start your day by drinking a glass of lukewarm water on an empty stomach. You can add 1 tablespoon of fresh lemon juice and half teaspoon of honey to improve taste and effect. This home remedy is very effective to burn belly fat fast. For quick results drink this glass of lukewarm water added lemon+honey before every meal.It will make you feel full and prevents from over eating.
Breast feeding is an other effective way to reduce belly size by contracting uterus and by contracting uterus to normal size. According to recent scientific search upon breast feeding mother, breast feeding can burn up to 500 calories a day. If you breastfeed, you'll burn extra calories to make milk. You may lose your pregnancy weight more quickly than mums who bottle-feed their babies.Breastfeeding also triggers contractions that help to shrink your uterus, making it a workout for your whole body. However, if you eat more than you burn off, you will put on weight, even if you breastfeed. Lactating mothers needs extra calories for milk production so don't reduce calorie intakes drastically. Milk supply will reduce if you start dieting soon after giving birth as well as you feel more tired. Instead of dieting or skipping meals you should make a proper diet plan containing all essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins.
Skin moisturizing massage helps a lot in improving blood circulation and elasticity in skin. If your skin is well hydrated and moisturized then it is less prone to suffer from stretch marks and sagging.You can prepare a mixture of Shea butter and lemon juice by mixing 4 teaspoons of Shea butter and 1 teaspoon of lemon juice. Apply over the affected areas and let it stay till it dries. Wash off with cool water and repeat the procedure regularly.Shea butter is a rich source of vitamin E and carotene which improves the elasticity of the skin and give your skin youthful appearance by rejuvenating skin cells. Lemon juice is a rich source of Vitamin C, which aids in collagen production and helps a lot to get back firm and healthy skin.
Almond oil massage is also considered good for treatment of sagging skin because Almond oil has a high percentage of Vitamin E and a good antioxidant, that's why not only help to cure sagging skin but also help for removing , stretch marks, fine lines and wrinkles.
A proper diet plan along with some light exercises works wonderfully in reducing, toning and firming your tummy after delivery. When you exercise your muscles, they take energy from your fat stores to complete the exercise. The more you exercise, the more your muscles take energy from the fat stored. To begin, perform light physical activity such as cycling, walking or swimming. Gradually increase the intensity of your workout. You can include also aerobic exercises such as jogging, dancing, biking, climbing stairs, and yoga stretches. Avoid excessive weight loss exercise which may further cause loose and sagging skin. Muscle building exercise like weight lifting create new muscle fibers and also help free hanging skin to attach with muscles and make you able to get back your healthy tight skin.
Stomach crunches are the best way to tone and firm your saggy belly skin. Stomach or abdominal crunches can be performed in different ways, as there are several variations to them. You can start with a simple stomach crunch. Leg raise crunch and vacuum crunches help a lot to burn belly fat at home.
i. If you had a complicated delivery, cesarean or C-section, allow your body to heal before jumping into an exercise routine.
ii. If your delivery wasn't complicated, exercising within a few days of your delivery can be done with your physician's approval. 2.
iii. While firming your tummy patience is the key because It took nine months for your tummy muscles to stretch and increase size to accommodate a full-term baby. So it makes sense that it can take that long, or longer, to tighten up again.


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text:
Q: Having different props but in same component I have a component called Tooltip
In the component, we pass  "forceOpen: true"
<Tooltip
allowOverflow:false
aria-label:false
children:ƒ () {}
color:"primary"
disableTooltipPointerEvents:true
forceOpen: true
falsehideOnClick:true
position:"top"
shouldShow:true
spacing:9.5
text:'offline'
>
</Tooltip>

But in other place used that component without "forceOpen: true"
<Tooltip
allowOverflow:false
aria-label:false
children:ƒ () {}
color:"primary"
disableTooltipPointerEvents:true
falsehideOnClick:true
position:"top"
shouldShow:true
spacing:9.5
text:'offline'
>
</Tooltip>

I have seen this pattern in a lot of places. That the same component has different props or common props. I don't know what it called. Can anyone explain how this thing actually works

A: Let's say your source code for the Tooltip looks like this:
const Tooltip = (props) => {
   const forceOpen = props.forceOpen || 'default';
  return {forceOpen!='default' ?
Tip
 : null}
}

you can then set or not the forceOpen but in the cases where you don't the effect will be the default one.
I am not sure there is a specific pattern for this other then the common encapsulation and the default values for properties :)


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Museum Victoria's Outreach Program is a travelling 'museum in a van' and kit loan service.
The Outreach Program provides access to the Museum's collection for people who may find it difficult to visit our museums for reasons that include age and geographical distance.
Find STEM-specific resources below or see our full range of programs.
The Coding and robotics kit offers a range of resources to introduce Kinder and Prep children to foundational coding concepts and robotics. It can be used to support a visit to the Ground Up: Building Big Ideas, Together exhibition at Scienceworks or as a stand-alone experience.
The aim of this learning kit is to give students the opportunity to explore and investigate real life situations, collect first-hand data and use this data to extend their understanding of how graphs work.
This kit includes engaging activities and tools to be used in a maths classroom to introduce students to graphing. It includes strategies for 'making sense' of a scenario or problem situation, dismissing irrelevant information from the important facts, looking for patterns and testing findings.
Bring Museums Victoria into your classroom with virtual learning sessions. These engaging and interactive experiences provide access to expert educators and spaces across Melbourne Museum, Scienceworks and Immigration Museum.
Designed to target Primary and Secondary school students as well as offering teacher professional learning these programs offer insight and behind the scenes narratives that aren't as easily stumbled-upon onsite.
The videoconferencing technology we use is engaging yet simple to use and we are here to help you every step of the way.
It is the perfect opportunity to discover all Museums Victoria has to offer without leaving the classroom and can also complements an onsite visit as a form of pre and post learning.


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How do you respond to hard times and suffering?
For example, how have you responded to being passed over for a promotion? Or burying your children? Or being betrayed by a close friend or relative?
How we answer these questions says a lot about us, but it says more about our worldview, that is, the comprehensive lens through which we see the world and respond to what live throws at us.
These are some of the most basic questions to life.
You see, one of the most important functions of a worldview is to answer the basic questions of life. Such as: Is there evil? If so, why? And how should I live in light of evil?
What I want to briefly explore tonight is that the Bible offers the only comprehensive worldview that can offer acceptable answers to these questions.
The biblical worldview is the only worldview that offers true joy in times of suffering.
Let's take a look at our Psalm.
First, we notice that this is a Psalm of David, and like in many of his other psalms David does not hold back from sharing his heart.
Can there be anything more frightful than going through hardship alone?
He feels utterly alone. And I mean completely! If you feel like even God isn't paying attention, then who else is there?
He also feels like there's nowhere else to turn, "How long shall I take counsel in my soul?" The meaning of this statement is that he feels like he has nobody to turn to who could understand him. There is no one to whom he can turn for understanding or empathy.
But isolation is only the beginning, for we learn that David also feels beaten down. We don't know who his enemies are here, but we know from David's biography in the book of Samuel that David had many very real enemies.
There was Saul who was his king, his boss, and his father-in-law, but who also spent years trying to hunt down and kill David. There was his own son Absalom who killed his brother, overthrew the kingdom, slept with David's concubines in public. There were also all of the neighboring nations that surrounded Israel that David had to battle on a yearly basis to maintain safe borders and expand national security.
These are the kinds of enemies that most of us could never comprehend. And certainly as the king of the nation, we can understand that there would be many burdens of that position that we cannot understand or appreciate. Certainly there are moments of isolation in every leader's life. Certainly many leaders feel that they can't turn to others for comfort.
How long will I have to go on suffering before anyone notices how much pain I'm in?
How long until God remembers to take notice of me?
How long will my enemies rejoice at my suffering?
How long will salt continue to be poured onto my wound?
These questions communicate total despair. But second, we also notice that he turns to no other place than to God. The God who feels so far away is the only God worth turning to.
In other words, even when God feels far away, He is still the only one worth turning to because He is the only one who can do anything.
You'll notice that even though God feels so far away from David, it is to God that David directs his questions and his appeals.
The image that we are given from this psalm is of an utterly desperate man. He feels utterly alone. His pain is so great that he could die. His pain is so great that if God doesn't intervene he will die.
And yet, in the final verse, David thirdly says that he will sing! Why?! Because God has dealt bountifully with him!?
But be sure to recognize that his pain is still ongoing. The biblical model is not to bury your head in the sand, nor is it to pretend like all is rosy when it is not. The biblical model is to mourn, it is to cry out to God, but it is also to recognize that there is always an eternal reason to rejoice.
How can David say this?
How can David sing for joy?
What can keep this man going?
Where could there possibly be any hope?
If David is this alone, if God Himself is not there to help David (as he believes is the case), then what keeps David going?
In other words, what keeps this Psalm from just ending after verse 4 in the valley of the darkness of David's soul?
The answer is biblical. The answer is joy. The answer is the unshaking, unbreaking, unchanging, unfaltering, unwavering love of God.
Let us look at the final two verses to see how David ends this emotional cry for assistance. Let's see what allows David to rejoice. Let's see what allows him to go from sorrow to songs of joy, from gloom to gladness.
The answer is in two key Old Testament terms found in verse 5.
The first is Hesed. This word is so important to the Old Testament and so broad a term that it has been translated in a wide variety of ways.
How could this not lead David to rejoice?
For the Christian, this plays out whenever God sees us: He doesn't see our sin, but Christ's blood that has mate atonement for our sins. This never changes.
The second term is Yeshua meaning "salvation." The word here in this psalm refers to David's understanding that God has heard and will act to rescue him from his situation. David is not alone. The Lord hears his prayers and the Lord will act on his behalf.
David can speak confidently about the loyal love and the salvation of God because he knows these to be parts of God's character. These terms accurately express who God is. These qualities are a part of God's nature. Thus David can rely on these qualities no matter how hard life becomes. No matter how far away God feels he is not far off. He hears prayers.
And yet for the Christian, God's salvation means so much more than what David is speaking about.
If David had reason to rejoice here in this Psalm for being loved eternally and also rescued by God, then how much more can Christians rejoice?
For Christians, no matter what is going on around us, we too know that we are loved by God and have been saved from our sins.
What is the worst that can happen to us?
These are nothing in comparison to eternity. These are temporary, but in the face of eternity, these are nothing. As long as we have been saved from our sins then there is nothing else that we need.
This also means that we don't need to just survive in times of trials. No, we can have true joy, joy that is not dependent upon our situations in life.
You see, happiness depends upon what happens to us, but joy is unchanging and unaffected by our circumstances. This is why the Christian's joy can survive in dark times, without ignoring or forgetting loss and hardship.
How else could David sing to the Lord in his situation?
At the beginning I asked you what you would do if you were in William Carey's shoes. What would you do if your life's work went up in smoke?
Can your worldview address the genuine trials of life?
Can your worldview allow for answers in the midst of suffering?
The Bible offers a comprehensive account of history (past, present, and future) that gives us the truth and equips us to handle life's biggest challenges.


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text:
Home » World » 'Lost Danish tourist gang-raped in Delhi'
'Lost Danish tourist gang-raped in Delhi'
By AFP - Jan 15,2014 - Last updated at Jan 15,2014
NEW DELHI — Indian police rounded up a group of homeless men Wednesday over the alleged gang-rape of a 51-year-old Danish tourist who lost her way near the main backpacker's area of the capital, officers said.
The woman approached the suspects for directions early on Tuesday evening while trying to return to her hotel in the bustling Paharganj district of New Delhi, reportedly after visiting a city museum.
Up to six "youngsters" allegedly assaulted and robbed the victim, who was travelling alone and had been in New Delhi since Monday after visiting the Taj Mahal, police and a receptionist at her hotel told AFP.
"We have detained a group of men and we are questioning them over the incident," special commissioner of police Deepak Mishra told AFP.
A senior investigating officer in the Paharganj police station told AFP on condition of anonymity that the victim was held hostage at knife-point for three hours and had been kicked and slapped.
Her mobile phone and cash were also stolen.
The alleged attack just minutes from Connaught Place in the heart of the capital is the latest involving a foreigner in India and again raises questions about the safety of women in the world's second most populous country.
Last month, India marked the first anniversary of the death of the student who was gang-raped on a moving bus in the capital in an attack that sent shockwaves across the nation.
'Vagabond' attackers
The Danish victim refused to be medically examined and was clearly traumatised by the experience, but gave a detailed statement overnight in the presence of her country's ambassador, police said.
"We have identified around four to six people who are the prime suspects in the case," the investigating policeman said, adding that they appeared to be "vagabonds".
"She told us that the attackers were mostly youngsters," he added.
She has since left India.
A Danish foreign ministry spokesman said the victim "will be offered support and care when she comes home to Denmark" while declining to give any other details.
The crime scene was inside the grounds of the Railway Officers Club on State Entry Road with the victim saying she was dragged to a secluded area shrouded by trees near a statue, police said.
A police forensic team visited on Wednesday morning and police are in possession of the clothes the victim was wearing at the time of the attack.
Kuldeep Singh, a receptionist at the victim's hotel, said the woman had appeared calm when she returned at about 8:30pm (1500 GMT) but then confided in a fellow traveller.
"She first came to me at the reception desk and told me that she needed 200 rupees to give to the auto driver as she had been robbed," Singh said.
The case comes after a Polish woman was allegedly drugged and raped by a taxi driver earlier this month while travelling with her two-year-old daughter to New Delhi.
Female tourists afraid
Women tourists in Paharganj said they were aware of past cases and the new incident had rung alarm bells.
"I felt very unsafe with walking the streets and seeing what you see and everybody staring at you, but you can't not travel to India because of it," said Jessica Orpwood, a 21-year-old student backpacker from New Zealand.
Protests over sexual violence in the last year have prompted India's parliament to toughen laws for rapists and other offenders, while other judicial and police reforms that have encouraged women to report attacks.
But daily accounts of brutal assaults continue to be reported in the country's newspapers.
A schoolgirl was raped by eight men in the eastern city of Ranchi this week while they held her male friend, The Hindustan Times reported on Wednesday.
A judge last month sentenced three Nepalese men to 20 years in jail for the gang-rape of a US tourist in June in the northern state of Himachal Pradesh.
Six men were sentenced to life in prison last July for the gang-rape and robbery of a 39-year-old Swiss woman cyclist who had been holidaying in the central state of Madhya Pradesh.
Bridget McCaffrey, another backpacker from New Zealand, said news of the latest assault had come as a shock "but considering in the last year what's been happening in India with women, maybe not so much".
"If I were to come back to India it would be with a group or with my partner again, I wouldn't be coming alone as a single female traveller," she said.
National calamity
When one resided in a foreign country, one was compelled to watch the news channels more often.
Parent fury, street protests as Delhi gang-rapist walks free
NEW DELHI — The youngest convict in an infamous fatal gang-rape in New Delhi has been released from a youth correctional facility, police sa
EU cooperation with Libya to stem migrant flow 'inhuman' — UN
GENEVA — The European Union's policy of helping the Libyan authorities intercept migrants in the Mediterranean and return them to "horrific"


Today the FDIC released and voted on proposed risk retention rules for certain types of mortgages. Under Title IX of the Dodd Frank Act, mortage loan originators will be required to retain more risk rather than passing on all of the risk by distributing the loans to securitizers. Qualified Residential Mortgages are exempt from risk retention, and will be subject to much higher than normal standards for borrower qualification such as a lower DTI, higher minimum down payment, and higher maximum LTV ratio. But, according to the FDIC, such loans will account for only a small percentage of all loans and therefore should not impair the access of low to middle income borrowers to mortgage credit. The bigger news today is that the Dodd-Frank Act will require issuers of securitized loans to hold five percent of the risk. How this requirement will affect the overall availability of credit and by extension the still-recovering residential purchase market remains to be seen. Stay tuned.


Workforce: The company Ernst Faber GmbH always focuses on longtime, experienced and highly motivated employees. It's with them you are able to produce first-class knitwear in premium quality and workmanship. Only by this continuous best collaboration between management team and employees, the family-owned company managed to satisfy specialist retailer's needs with sporty-chic knitwear coordinate collections for 70 years and 3 generations.
Production: Since its foundation in 1947, the company Ernst Faber GmbH manufactures at their headquarters in Isaar near Toepen. Currently, approx. 80% of the knitwear is produced by using the latest flat weft knitting machines and a customized logistics system in a modern business. That is a clear commitment to the home location as well as to the company's principle "quality instead of quantity".
Environment: Thanks to the high percentage of in-house production "Made in Germany", long itineraries during the production phase are mostly omitted and significant amounts of CO₂ are saved. Transportation and packing materials are also reduced to a minimum. That is our contribution to environmental protection.


After our sold out show at Bussey Building in Jan we return for a Bussey Building takeover of 2 rooms. Disco in the House on the first floor and Mark E on the second floor.
We celebrate all things disco. From today's modern trippy disco twist from the likes of Todd Terje, Prins Thomas, Caribou, Space Dimension Controller, Derrick Carter, Andrew Weatherall, Bicep, Gerd Janson, Denis Sulta and Doc Daneeka, back through 00's and 90's disco house from Daft Punk, DJ Sneak, Chicken Lips and Idjut Boys, back further to post disco punk classics from the likes of ESG and Liquid Liquid, right back to original disco cuts from Giorgio Moroder, Hamilton Bohannon, Donna Summer and Chic. Be it funk, boogie, house, techno or electro, you'll hear disco influenced masterpieces, Memory Box disco edits, tribal rhythms, synth stunners, dubbed out disco grooves and select classics plus many an underrated hidden gem.
Be it funk, boogie, house, techno or electro, you'll hear disco influenced masterpieces, Memory Box disco edits, tribal rhythms, synth stunners, dubbed out disco grooves and select classics plus many an underrated hidden gem.
Over the last decade, Mark E has established himself as a producer with a distinctive, almost instantly recognisable style. And his consistently strong releases for the likes of Running Back, Jiscomusic and Golf Channel, as well as on his own label MERC, have put Birmingham firmly on the house music map. As a DJ, he's no slouch, either. Listening back to a previous RA podcast is a great example of Mark's prowess: Cole Medina's Bee Gees-sampling "Love You Inside Out," Mark's own epic extension of Grace Jones' "La Vie En Rose" and a bunch of his—at the time unreleased—productions were expertly welded together to provide the perfect timeless laid-back soundtrack.
To ensure tickets are delivered safely and securely and to keep the price as low as possible for you, the ticket buyer, Memory Box generally uses our E-ticket system unless otherwise stated.
When you purchase tickets through Memory Box, the full face value of the ticket is shown. This price is the price set by the event promoter and we pay this full amount to the promoter without any deductions.
"Memory Box Parties invite artists to play who are integral to the evolution of electronic dance music."


text:
After Launching In 135 Markets, Word For iPad Is #1 In 120 Countries
Microsoft's Office suite for iPad continues to dominate the iOS app store days after its release, with Word, Excel and PowerPoint retaining the top three free slots in the U.S. App Store.
But that's only part of the picture: Word for iPad is the No. 1 free app in 120 countries. Microsoft launched Office for iPad in 135 markets. That's a pretty decent win percentage. Excel remains in the top 5 in 125 countries, as does PowerPoint in 126 countries. So, Office for iPad is a massive, global hit for Microsoft — and Apple, which gets a cut of the revenue.
Are people signing up for Office 365, a subscription without which they could not edit documents? Word is the seventh-biggest grossing iPad app in the United States, Excel 14th, and PowerPoint 39th. I think that's fair to deem a commercial victory, at least in the short term.
So, how did we get here? The Daily (remember that publication? It didn't end well) wrote in 2011 that Office for iPad was real, that it had seen it, and that we would get it in 2012. The rumor stands that Office for iPad has been complete for a while and sitting on a shelf. If that's the case and Nadella took it off the rack and sent it to Apple, then points to him. We don't know.
The Verge reported in late 2012 that Office for iPad was coming in early 2013. All of these dates could in fact have been accurate at their time of publishing, which is fun. Microsoft confirmed that Office for iPad was coming in 2013.
What I think is plain is that Microsoft dragged its heels kicking Office out the door. That squares with its former strategy of Windows-first, everything else second. Microsoft has adjusted that. Now, the company is betting heavily on Windows, but will vend its services across all platforms. Hence OneNote for OS X and Office for iPad.
So far, it appears to be a working strategy. So far.


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