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Ode to the Sea: Art from Guantánamo Bay
Moath al-Alwi, Model Ship (Gondola), 2016
On view October 2, 2017 -January 26, 2018
Detainees at the United States military prison camp known as Guantánamo Bay have made art from the time they arrived, at first clandestinely and then during classes provided by a Joint Task Force Guantánamo instructor. Ode to the Sea: Art from Guantánamo Bay displays over thirty of these evocative works, made by men held without trial, some for nearly 15 years. The eight artists include both current (Moath Al-Alwi, Ammar Al-Bluchi, Ahmed Rabbani, and Khalid Qasim) and former (Muhammad Ansi, Djamel Ameziane, Abdualmalik Abud, and Ghaleb Al-Bihani) detainees.
Only two of the works in the exhibit have ever been displayed before. Many of the rest were taken from Guantánamo by the detainee's lawyers specially for this exhibit after a laborious process of searching, scanning, and analysis for hidden messages. A stamp reading "Approved by US Forces" signals that the works have been cleared, and its ink often bleeds through to the image on the other side, a ghostly mix of art and authority.
The exhibit includes drawings and paintings as well as three-dimensional works crafted from the few materials permitted to detainees, including model ships made from parts of shirts, prayer caps, razors, and mops. As former detainee Mansoor Adayfi explains in an essay written for the exhibition catalog, the theme of the show was chosen because the sea "means freedom that no one can control or own, freedom for everyone." Although detainees were held close to the sea, tarps blocked their view until they were removed for four days in 2014 in anticipation of a hurricane; after that, Adayfi recalls, "all of those who could draw made drawings about the sea."
On Monday, October 16, 2017, from 6:00-8:30 PM, a symposium (6-7 PM), with opening reception to follow (7-8:30 PM), will be held. Speakers include Lorelei Ramirez (performance artist), Aliya Hana Hussain (Center for Constitutional Rights), Mansoor Adayfi (former detainee), and Debi Cornwall (author of Welcome to Camp America: Inside Guantánamo Bay). Catalog contributors include Natasha Trethewey, winner of the Pulitzer Prize and the 19th U.S. Poet Laureate, Jericho Brown, and Trevor Paglen.
Curated by Erin Thompson, Charles Shields, and Paige Laino


Background: The 12-months "surprise" question (12-SQ) for estimating prognosis and the need for integrating palliative care (PC) services has not yet been investigated for neurological patients.
Objective: Test the value of the 12-SQ on a sample of neurorehabilitation patients.
Methods: All patients newly registered in the Department of Neurorehabilitation, Dr. Becker Rhein-Sieg-Clinic (8/2016-03/2017) were asked to participate. The treating neurorehabilitation physicians (NP) and an external consulting PC physician (PCP) independently estimated patients' prognosis using the 12-SQ; while symptom burden was independently assessed using the standardized palliative outcome measurement HOPE-SP-CL, a set of additional neurological issues, and ECOG. Follow-up with consenting patients 12 months later was via telephone. Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized in data analysis.
Results: Of 634 patients, 279 (44%) patients (male: 57.7%, female: 42.3%; mean age: 63 ± 14) (or, alternatively, their legal representative) consented and were assessed at baseline. Per patient NP and PCP both answered the 12-SQ with "Yes" (164), with "No" (42), or had different opinions (73). The "No" group displayed the highest symptom burden on all three measures for both disciplines. Overall, PCP scored higher (i.e., worse) than NP on all measures used. Follow-up was possible for 236 (drop-out: 15.4%) patients (deceased: 34 (14.4%), alive: 202 (85.6%)). Baseline scores on all measures were higher for deceased patients compared to those still living. Prognostic characteristics were: sensitivity: NP 50%, PCP 67.6%; specificity: NP 86.1%, PCP 70.3%, p < 0.001; positive predictive value: NP 37.8%, PCP 27.7%; negative predictive value: NP 91.1%, PCP 92.8%; area under the curve: NP 0.68, PCP 0.69; success rate: NP 80.9%, PCP 69.9%, p = 0.002. Regression analysis indicated that age, dysphagia and overburdening of family (NP answering the 12-SQ), dysphagia and rehabilitation phase (PCP answering the 12-SQ) were associated with increased likelihood of dying within 12 months. Without the 12-SQ as relevant predictor, age, dysphagia and ECOG were significant predictors (NP and PCP).
Conclusion: Combining the 12-SQ with a measurement assessing PC and neurological issues could potentially improve the 12-SQ's predictive performance of 12-month survival and help to identify when to initiate the PC approach. Clinical experiences influence assessment and prognosis estimation.
For predicting the point at which to introduce palliative care for incurable cancer patients the German national S3 palliative guideline1 recommends using the 12-months "surprise" question (12-SQ) (Would you be surprised if your patient would die within the next 12 months?). A "No" response (i.e., a poor prognosis) indicates that the assessor considers it a possibility that the patient could die within the next 12 months and, thus, palliative care should be initiated promptly.
The various disease entities to which the SQ has been applied thus far include cancer (1–5), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (6), nephrological diseases (7–13), as well as pediatric palliative care (14), intensive care (15), emergency care (16, 17), and in elderly care (17–19). The SQ has yet to be applied to neurological care where patients are characterized by different disease trajectories compared to other disease entities, especially cancer patients. Prognosis estimation is therefore challenging (20) and a suitable prognostic instrument would aid in estimating lifespan and indicating when best to initiate the palliative care approach for these patients.
A recent systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that the SQ it is not an ideal diagnostic tool for predicting one-year mortality, especially among non-cancer patients (21). Rather, the use of additional parameters seems warranted (22, 23).
Thus, in addition to the 12-SQ, supplementary assessment tools focusing on patients' symptom burden were employed for this study. Typical palliative care assessment tools, including the German Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation initiative (HOPE = HOspiz- und PalliativErhebung) (24) and the internationally used palliative outcome scale (POS) (25, 26) were developed for patients suffering from later stage cancer diseases. This is not surprising, as presently, palliative and hospice care structures primarily care for advanced cancer patients2 (27, 28), although the portion of cancer patients has slightly decreased (95% in 2005 vs. 76% in 2017 (see2) with respect to other disease entities such as neurological conditions, COPD, nephrological diseases or chronic heart failure (see2). For example, patients cared for in German palliative and hospice care structures suffering from nervous system diseases represented 4.8% in 2017 compared to only 0.8% in 2005 (see2). Despite this slight increase in the number of neurological patients in German palliative and hospice care, the current, rather small, percentage is still astonishing considering the great number and variety of neurological diseases, among them long-term neurological conditions (LTNC) which present with a high symptom burden. Given these cases are mostly incurable, symptom relief, and enhanced quality of life are the leading therapeutic goals in treating these patients, according to the World Health Organization (WHO)3. Using a combined neurorehabilitation and palliative care approach, neuropalliative rehabilitation for LTNC is on the way to becoming integrated into care in the UK (29–31), in contrast to Germany. Symptoms and complaints among neurological and cancer patients are in part fairly similar but may differ in their manifestation and certain issues clearly transcend those of cancer patients, presenting distinct challenges for such patients (32–40). Therefore, the neurorehabilitation study population was characterized utilizing a combination of a standard palliative care assessment tool (HOPE including ECOG) and an additional list of items representative for neurological disease entities as revealed from longstanding clinical experience, literature (32–40) and a previous study on glioblastoma (41). In addition to using the 12-SQ, this detailed characterization can help to identify further prognostic criteria of neurological patients, which may lead to improved prognostic accuracy of the 12-SQ, an approach in accordance with other studies commending additional tools other than the 12-SQ to predict mortality (22, 23).
The objective of this study was to investigate prognostic criteria for neurological patients. For the first time, the suitability of the 12-SQ for neurological patients was prospectively investigated, combining it with an assessment merging palliative care and neurological issues.
Patients were recruited from among those newly registered at a neurorehabilitation clinic providing care to a broad range of neurological disease entities. An important secondary goal was to examine whether the professional background—being a neurorehabilitation physician (NP) or being a palliative care physician (PCP) with no neurology background—played a role in assessment and prognosis estimation. This is a critical issue as a consultant palliative care service is not typically integrated in neurorehabilitation clinics and NP and their teams must make decisions on their own. On the other hand, the PCP might also care for neurological patients but only a small percentage of them are trained in neurology. Thus a complementary approach suggests itself, one that includes the professional assessment of both, NP and PCP.
Is the 12-SQ suitable for prognosis estimation with neurological patients?
Does prognosis estimation depend on the physicians' background (NP vs. PCP)?
How is the study population characterized and assessed by both, NP and PCP?
How are the patients who died within this 12 month period actually characterized? Can factors be deduced which would help estimate the prognosis of these patients alone or in combination with the 12-SQ?
This is a longitudinal, prospective, observational study. The recruitment period encompassed August 10, 2016–March 10, 2017. The follow-up period extended until March 10, 2018; 12 months later.
All newly admitted patients (permitted age range 18–100 years, all genders) then in treatment at the Dr. Becker Rhein-Sieg-Klinik, Department of Neurorehabilitation (phase B, C, D; a German classification system characterizing type and intensity of neurological rehabilitation) during the recruitment period were enrolled in the study after providing their informed written consent (or alternatively via their legal representative). The local ethics committees of the North Rhine Medical Chamber and of the University Hospital of Cologne approved the study (#16–118).
For quality assurance and to enable a patient-oriented care post-hospital discharge at the Dr. Becker Rhein-Sieg-Klinik, department for neurorehabilitation, an estimation of prognosis using the 12-SQ and an assessment of symptom burden was implemented into the clinical routine.
At time of admission, treating NP - neurologists with additional neurorehabilitation expertise, but no specialist training in palliative care—as well as an external consulting PCP—with no neurological training—responded independently to the 12-SQ. The PCP visited the Department of Neurorehabilitation once a week.
Concurrently to answering the 12-SQ, both NP and PCP also independently assessed the symptom burden of the neurological patients utilizing the core documentation of the German Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation initiative (HOPE), the HOPE symptom and problem checklist (HOPE-SP-CL) (24) including the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status scale. The HOPE-SP-CL consists of 17 items and assesses symptoms and problems representative for cancer patients in palliative care (24). Single items are scaled using a 4-point grading scale (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) (possible total score: 0–51) (24). The ECOG Performance Status scale is a 5-point grading scale ranging from 0 (normal activity) to 4 (care-dependent, totally confined to bed).
A list of symptoms which might be of special importance for neurological patients who have or might develop palliative care needs was added to account for the particularities of the neurological patients' symptom burden (32–40). This "neuro supplement" was derived from clinical experience and existing literature (32–40). Augmenting this was a preliminary study (41) on assessing palliative care issues utilizing standardized outcome measurements (HOPE-SP-CL (24, 42), the POS (palliative outcome scale) (25, 26) as well as an open interview part which included symptoms not covered by these assessment tools. The neuro supplement scale derived from this comprises 13 items. Following the HOPE-SP-CL scale, single items of the neuro supplement are scaled using a 4-point grading Likert scale (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) (possible total score: 0–39). All 3 scales (HOPE-SP-CL, ECOG, neuro supplement) combined in this study result in a possible total score ranging from 0 to 94.
Twelve months after answering the 12-SQ, patients (or alternatively their legal representative) were contacted via telephone by NP (ME) or PCP (AK) to find out whether patients were still alive.
Distribution of age, gender, rehabilitation phase, main, and secondary diagnoses, results from the clinical assessment (12-SQ-answer, HOPE-SP-CL, ECOG, neuro supplement) were analyzed descriptively to characterize the study population at baseline.
The classification of patients was done in two separate steps. First, we used each physician's independent response to the 12-SQ, assigning patients to either the "Yes" group or the "No" group. Next, we combined the physicians' responses and allocated patients into three individual groups. Those who were given a good prognosis by both physicians were classified into the 12-SQ "Yes" group, those given a poor prognosis by both physicians were categorized as the 12-SQ "No" group, and those with contrary ratings were classified as the 12-SQ "Discordant"-group. This classification into three groups allowed us to characterize the study population (statistical details below) when the consensus of both physicians was used (secondary objective).
Prior to all analyses, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test was applied to assess normality for all relevant variables.
To investigate whether the 12-SQ can be used as a prognostic indicator for neurological patients (primary objective), the predictive power of the 12-SQ was determined using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves to assess sensitivity (proportion of patients who died within 12 months and were given a poor prognosis), specificity (proportion of patients who survived over 12 months and were given a good prognosis), positive predictive value (PPV, proportion of poor prognoses correctly predicting death within 12 months), negative predictive value (NPV, proportion of good prognoses correctly predicting survival over 12 months), and the area under the curve (AUC, function of both sensitivity and specificity measuring the predictive accuracy). Similarly, we examined the success rates of both physicians; defined as percentage of correct predictions accounting for all possible outcomes. The differences in prognostic accuracy proportions between the NP and PCP were assessed with the McNemar χ2 test as appropriate (secondary objective) (43).
Group differences of demographic and clinical data were tested with the Mann-Whitney-U test and the Kruskall-Wallis test (for two and three groups, respectively) for continuous measures and a χ2 test for dichotomous measures. Post-hoc tests were corrected for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate (FDR) at p < 0.05 (44).
To determine independent predictors of 12-month mortality (secondary objective), binary logistic regression analyses were performed for both NP and PCP. In addition to the 12-SQ, age, gender, main and secondary diagnoses, frequency of secondary diagnoses, rehabilitation phase, HOPE-SP-CL single items, neuro supplement single items and the ECOG score were included in the model. A univariate regression was constructed first. Resulting predictors with a p-value of < 0.1 were then included in the multivariable regression. To determine which variables best predicted 12-month mortality in the presence and absence of the 12-SQ, we selected statistically significant predictors of the multivariable regression (at p < 0.05) for the final model and compared their prognostic accuracy indices to those of the 12-SQ as a stand-alone predictor.
Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (v. 25, Inc, Chicago, IL).
From August 10, 2016 through March 10, 2017, 634 patients were admitted to the Dr. Becker-Rhein-Sieg-Clinic Nümbrecht, Department of neurorehabilitation (Figure 1). Of this total, 137 (21.6% of 634) could not be included into the current study due to the restricted personnel resources and tightly packed clinical routine processes. Another 218 (34.4% of 634) patients had incomplete data, i.e., either the patients (or alternatively their legal representative) did not give their informed written consent or the physicians' assessment was not attainable because of the demanding clinical routines of the physicians or patients. The remaining 279 patients were independently assessed by both NP and PCP who concordantly estimated 164 (58.8%) patients with a good prognosis (both 12-SQ "Yes") and 42 (15.1%) patients with a poor prognosis (both 12-SQ "No"). 73 (26.2%) patients were estimated discordantly (one, either NP or PCP, answered 12-SQ "Yes", while the other responded "No"). A total of 43 out of 279 (equaling a drop-out rate of 15.4%) patients (or alternatively their legal representative) could not be followed-up due to unattainability via the phone (Figure 1). Complete data sets were obtained from 236 patients (37.2% of 634).
Figure 1. Flow-chart of study participation and follow-up.
Demographic information of the included 279 patients can be found in Table 1 (male: 57.7%, female: 42.3%, male/female ratio: 1.4; mean age: 63 ± 14). Main diagnoses were grouped into 15 categories, secondary diagnoses were divided into seven groups (Table 1). Distribution of secondary diagnoses were as follows: 19.6% had no secondary diagnosis, 33.8% had secondary diagnoses in one category, 25.5% in two categories, 14.7% in three categories, 5.8% in four categories, and 0.7% in five categories, respectively (Table 1).
Table 1. Characteristics of study participants at baseline.
Characteristics of study participants at baseline as assessed by NP and PCP, respectively, utilizing HOPE-SP-CL, neuro supplement, and ECOG are presented in Table 2. Patients were given a higher score on all three measures when assessed by the PCP (all p-values < 0.025), except for feeling depressed and anxiety in the "No" group.
Table 2. Assessment of patients' symptom burden (HOPE-SP-CL, ECOG, neurological symptoms) by neurorehabilitation physician (NP) and palliative care physician (PCP), respectively, for the patients who were concordantly estimated to have a good prognosis (NP and PCP, both answered 12-SQ with "Yes"), for the patients who were concordantly assessed as having a poor prognosis (neurologist and PC physician, both answered 12-SQ with "No") and for the patients whose prognosis was discordantly estimated by neurologist and palliative care physician (NP answered 12-SQ with "No" and PCP with "Yes" and vice versa, respectively).
Significant group differences (12-SQ "Yes" by both NP and PCP; 12-SQ "No" by both NP and PCP; 12-SQ "Yes"/"No" NP and PCP discordant) were found for all but the following characteristics: pain, feeling depressed, anxiety, tension, symptoms of intracranial pressure, epileptic seizures, spasticity (all p-values < 0.031). As expected, post-hoc analyses showed that patients in the "No" group were evaluated with a higher symptom burden than patients in both the "Yes" and the "Discordant" group, and patients in the "Discordant" group were evaluated as worse than patients in the "Yes" group.
Of the 115 patients assessed "No" on the 12-SQ by at least one discipline (Figure 1) 26 had died within the year. At the 12 months follow-up a total of 34 patients had died (also encompassing eight patients estimated as "Yes" at baseline on the 12-SQ).
Table 3 summarizes the characteristics and differences of patients still alive at the time of 12-month follow-up (N = 202, 85.6%) and those deceased after 12 months (N = 34, 14.4%). The deceased were significantly older, more often in Rehabilitation phase B, less often in Rehabilitation phase D, and suffered significantly more often from malignancies (except for primary brain tumors) (all p-values < 0.001). With regards to our clinical outcome measures, deceased patients were evaluated with a higher symptom burden compared to patients still alive after 12 months (all p-values < 0.030) (Table 3).
Table 3. Characteristics of patients deceased after 12 months (N = 34) and those still alive (N = 202).
Comparison of prognosis estimation via 12-SQ as diagnostic tool revealed an increased number of good prognoses (12-SQ "Yes") compared to poor prognoses (12-SQ "No") for both PCP (p < 0.001) and NP (p < 0.001). The PCP estimated more patients with a poor prognosis (12-SQ "No") (N = 95) than did the NP (N = 62) (p = 0.008). Also, he offered a worse clinical assessment of patients compared to the NP. This difference is statistically significant for the total sample, the concordant "Yes" group and the discordant "Yes (NP)/No (PCP)" group (each p < 0.001) (Table 4).
Table 4. Prognosis estimation of NP and PCP.
Prognostic accuracy indices for both disciplines are summarized in Table 5, the corresponding frequency distribution can be found in Tables 6–7. Sensitivity of the 12-SQ as stand-alone predictor was poor. While we observed a higher sensitivity for responses of the PCP relative to treating NP, this difference did not achieve statistical significance. In contrast, specificity of the 12-SQ was significantly higher when estimated by NP compared to PCP [χ(1,N = 194)2=14.58, p < 0.001]. There were no statistically significant differences between physicians for PPV, NPV, or AUC.
Table 5. Prognostic accuracy indices, 95% confidence intervals are displayed in brackets.
Table 6. Frequency table for prognosis estimation by the neurorehabilitation physician.
Table 7. Frequency table for prognosis estimation by the palliative care physician.
The combined "yes" and "no" success rate was high, with a significant difference between NP and PCP [χ(1,N=236)2 = 9.47, p = 0.002] (Table 5). The success rate for the "Yes" group was also significantly higher for NP relative to PCP [χ(1,N=236)2 = 17.80, p < 0.001]. Conversely, the success rate for giving a poor prognosis did not differ between physicians.
Regression analysis showed that age (p = 0.015), dysphagia (p = 0.006), and overburdening of the family (p = 0.036) were associated with an increased likelihood of dying at 12 months when the NP responded to the 12-SQ (Figure 2, Table 8). Overall classification was 80.3% accurate.
Figure 2. ROC curves showing the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for all significant predictors after multivariable regression with (Model 1) and without (Model 2) the NP's response to the 12-SQ. Classification accuracy is higher for both models compared to the 12-SQ as stand-alone predictor (Model 0), though these differences did not reach statistical significance.
Table 8. Binary logistic regression to predict 12-month mortality as assessed by the neurorehabilitation physician.
When patients were assessed by the PCP, the overall predictive accuracy of the model was 79.9%. Response to the 12-SQ (p = 0.014), dysphagia (p = 0.041), and rehabilitation phase (p = 0.014) were statistically associated with 12-month mortality. Patients in the "No" group were 3 times more likely to die than patients in the "Yes" group. Rehabilitation phase also predicted the likelihood of dying at 12 months with patients in phase B registering as 7.3 times more likely to die than patients in phase D (p = 0.005), and patients in phase C being 2.8 times more likely to die compared to patients in phase D (p = 0.041) (Figure 3, Table 9).
Figure 3. ROC curves showing the trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for all significant predictors after multivariable regression with (Model 1) and without (Model 2) the PCP's response to the 12-SQ. Classification accuracy is higher for both models compared to the 12-SQ as stand-alone predictor (Model 0), though these differences did not achieve statistical significance.
Table 9. Binary logistic regression to predict 12-month mortality as assessed by the Palliative Care Physician.
Without the 12-SQ as relevant predictor, age (NP: p = 0.038; PCP: p = 0.026) and dysphagia (NP: p = 0.012, PCP: p = 0.029) remained significant predictors, irrespective of the physicians' medical background. In addition, for both the NP and the PCP, an increased ECOG score was significantly related to an increased risk of dying (NP: p = 0.003; PCP: p = 0.005) (Figures 2–3, Tables 8, 9). When assessed by the PCP, the model showed 86.9% overall classification accuracy, which increased to 89% when assessed by the NP.
According to literature search this is the first study investigating prognosis estimation using 12-SQ and assessment of palliative care symptoms supplemented by neurological items, as rated by NP and PCP, respectively, in a sample of neurorehabilitation patients.
Prognosis estimation in this patient group proved challenging when utilizing 12-SQ as a single tool, which was reflected in poor prognostic accuracy indices, found also for other non-cancer diseases (21, 23). However, in our study, answering 12-SQ "No" pointed to physicians' expectation of poor prognosis as both treating NP as well as the PCP evaluated the 12-SQ "No" group consistently with the highest symptom burden. Overall, treating NP assessed patients better (meaning lower scores on the utilized measures) than the PCP. A potential explanation might be the clinical background of assessors with PCP primarily caring for the potential of general deterioration and the end of life and the NP being more concerned with recovery and restitution. Seemingly combined expertise might be needed for a balanced and accurate estimation.
In our study, accurate prediction for patients at increased risk of dying was especially low for NP. Accordingly, the NP demonstrated higher accuracy for predicting whether patients would still be alive after 12 months compared to PCP. Our results suggest the use of "12-SQ2": "Would I be surprised if this patient is still alive after twelve months?" (45) for physicians with a background in neurology or a combination of the original 12-SQ and the 12-SQ2, which has been piloted in a sample of general practitioners (45, 46).
Significantly, the 12-SQ was not originally developed for an accurate prognosis in the prediction of death, but to identify patients in need of palliative care (1–19). In specialties such as neurorehabilitation the implementation of the 12-SQ in combination with a palliative care assessment into the clinical routine—as in our study—might help sensitize healthcare professionals toward palliative care issues like initiating conversation on advanced care planning or prognosis or integrating additional services like palliative and hospice care services if needed. Currently, this approach is not yet well recognized in German neurorehabilitation and integrative prognostic studies may serve to help change this, an eventual consequence which would be beneficial to both patients and the caregivers involved in neurorehabilitation. The need for such a multi-disciplinary neuropalliative rehabilitation approach has already been highlighted and recommended in the UK's National Service Framework for Long-term (Neurological) Conditions (29–31) but has not been consistently pursued in neurorehabilitation in Germany so far.
In a recent study, the 12-SQ was combined with further clinical parameters to better identify patients with palliative care needs and aid in prognosis estimation (22). Our study corroborates the importance of bringing in additional clinical assessments to the 12-SQ, i.e., HOPE-SP-CL, neuro supplement, ECOG, diagnoses, age, gender, rehabilitation phase, to establish a broader basis for estimation of prognosis and palliative care needs.
With the help of the additional data we were able to identify several items (HOPE-SP-CL as well as neuro supplement as well as ECOG) which were scored significantly higher at baseline (meaning worse) for the group of patients who died after 12 months compared to those still alive. This speaks in favor of these measurements being suitable to assess patients' deteriorating general health condition. Moreover, the regression identified three factors (age, ECOG, dysphagia) which might help to predict one-year mortality in our sample of neurorehabilitation patients. These three factors are all reasonable indicators for a worsened overall condition. As anticipated, increased age is a risk factor for dying, even more so when seriously ill. Second, an increasing ECOG score in patients indicates decreasing, i.e., worse, functionality in all daily activities. Lastly, dysphagia has been identified as a critical prognostic factor in neurological patients, especially those suffering from stroke and neurodegenerative disorders (20, 47, 48). In the rehabilitation setting mortality risk increased by a factor of 13 for patients suffering from dysphagia (47). Depending on subtypes, patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy or multiple system atrophy died 2–24 months after developing severe dysphagia (48). Potential reasons for dysphagia being associated with a poor prognosis might be the development of serious complications like aspiration pneumonia (20, 47, 48).
As the 12-SQ is a commonly used tool for estimation of prognosis—even if poor when used as the only instrument—and for initiating palliative care in cancer and non-cancer patients (1–19), we investigated whether adding further clinical characteristics to the 12-SQ would improve the overall predictive power. Again, our results indicate that age and dysphagia, as well as rehabilitation phase and overburdening of the family in combination with the 12-SQ have great prognostic value in estimating prognosis and thus identifying patients in need of palliative care. These two additional factors can be interpreted similarly to the ECOG: Patients in rehabilitation phases C and B suffer from a more serious illness with decreased functionality compared to phase D and "overburdening of family" also indicates patients' health deterioration. It is well known that as patients' health condition worsens, family caregivers physically and psychologically reach their limits (49–52).
Of our initial sample of 634 patients only 236 (37%) could be included and later followed up. This proportion is quite good for a palliative care study, but generalizability remains limited as we were unable to present a full data set. Moreover, study participants attending rehabilitation phase B (i.e., seriously ill patients) were represented to a lesser degree than patients in rehabilitation phase C or D. One potential reason might be the increased difficulty in obtaining consent (seriously ill, legal representative, etc.). Of the 236 included and followed-up patients 14% died within one year. Despite similar incidences of death reported in other studies investigating the 12-SQ (21) this is a moderate to small fraction complicating the interpretation of prognostic accuracy indices. The neurorehabilitation population investigated was quite heterogeneous. Group sizes of the different main diagnoses groups were unequal ranging from 47% (ischemic stroke, largest group) to 0.2% (epilepsy, dementia syndrome, and hypoxic brain injury, respectively) and thus, a sound subgroup analysis was not possible. At least from results of this study, we cannot conclude whether the 12-SQ and identified risk factors may be of differing predictive accuracy with respect to special disease entities s (e.g., ALS representing a progressive disorder vs. ischemic stroke normally representing a monophasic illness). One caveat to the interpretation of our results is that various NPs (each time the respective treating NP) evaluated the patients while there was a single, external, consulting PCP assessing the patients, so that systematic assessment bias for the PCP could not be averaged out. That clinical background influenced 12-SQ estimation was also apparent amongst the rather large group of patients who were discordantly judged using the 12-SQ (26.2%) thereby reducing the number of unambiguously assigned patients.
Prognosis estimation of neurological patients is challenging and thus, identifying the right point in time to integrate the palliative care approach for neurological patients remains difficult. Implementing an assessment tool into the care of these patients - in the current study with a sample of neurorehabilitation patients - combining the 12-SQ with palliative care and neurological items might improve predictive performance of 12 months survival and thus identify an appropriate, sufficient time to initiate the palliative care approach and services if needed. Factors improving predictive accuracy (with and without the 12-SQ) were rehabilitation phase, dysphagia, age, overburdening of family and ECOG. Professional background influences assessment and prognosis estimation.
ME, HG, RV, AK, and IB planned the study. ME and AK recruited and assessed patients. KD, AK, IB, and HG analyzed the data. HG, KD, AK, ME, IB, and RV wrote and corrected the manuscript.
The handling editor is currently organizing a Research Topic with one of the authors RV, and confirms the absence of any other collaboration.
We thank all study participants and clinical personnel of the Dr. Becker Rhein-Sieg-Clinic, especially Britta Michler and Marion Birkholz for their valued assistance.
12-SQ, twelve-months "surprise"question; PC, palliative care; NP, neurorehabilitation physicians; PCP, palliative care physician; HOPE = HOspiz- und PalliativErhebung, German Hospice and Palliative Care Evaluation initiative; HOPE-SP-CL, HOPE symptom and problem checklist; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; POS, palliative outcome scale; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LTNC, long-term neurological conditions; WHO, World Health Organization; ROC, receiver operating characteristics; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; AUC, area under the curve; FDR, false discovery rate; SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; SD, standard deviation; ADLs, activity of daily living; OR, odds ratio.
32. Higginson IJ, Hart S, Silber E, Burman R, Edmonds P. Symptom prevalence and severity in people severely affected by multiple sclerosis. J Palliat Care. (2006) 22:158–65.
44. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate - a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc Ser B Methodol. (1995) 57:289–300.
Copyright © 2018 Ebke, Koch, Dillen, Becker, Voltz and Golla. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


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Category: Happy St. Patrick's Day
March 14, Irish Parade on Facebook!
An unprecedented, live event will take place on Sunday, March 14 from 8:00 AM Eastern Standard Time on Facebook. 8 Book Pages will coordinate to celebrate St. Patrick's Day, and the idea is for attendees to join the group pages ahead of time then hop from page to page as events happen! You can see the Book Pages here, at the right of the image below.
I will have the great pleasure of being "in conversation" with my favorite author, Billy O'Callaghan, who hails from Douglas, County Cork, Ireland, and who is the author of 4 short story collections and 3 novels, his latest being the newly released, Life Sentences, which I loved!
The Irish Echo released the article below yesterday. Below the image is the actual link!
FB book clubs combine for virtual event | Arts & Leisure | Irish Echo
Here are some of the panelists who will appear during the all-day event. Come by and meet those of us with Irish connections!
There will be giveaways and a live Irish band playing on all book pages simultaneously!
Posted on March 12, 2021 by Claire FullertonPosted in #reading, Author party, Authors, Book Blog, Bookfestivals, Happy St. Patrick's Day, Ireland, Irish Traditional musicTagged #ireland, facebook book hop, Irish, Irish Parade, St Patricks Day. Leave a comment
Irish Keys
I've had many people ask me about a certain picture on my website, where I'm standing against a gray stone wall on a windswept day in the middle of an Irish field, with what are obviously the ruins of a monastery behind me. Observant people have thought, "Wait, there's a ruined monastery behind her, why is her back turned as she looks into the camera, holding a set of keys in her hand as if it were the bigger focal point?" I'm glad for the opportunity to explain that picture here.
We kind of knew where we were heading, my friend Tama and I, and by this I mean we had a loose plan with regard to how we were going to spend the afternoon in Gort, Ireland. We'd been freewheeling across the countryside in a rented car the size of a matchbox, its steering wheel on the right side while we drove on the left of the two-lane road as if trying to best a test for dyslexia.
Tama is a devout Catholic, who has a thing about historic churches, which is why we couldn't have adhered to a plan had we made one. "Stop," Tama would shout each time we spied one of the dim, ominous structures in the distance. We'd scratch the gravel driveway and wander inside, our solitary footsteps crossing the marble floor in a tread lightly and humble yourself echo off the cavernous vaulted ceiling. We did this so many times that after yet another sweep inside a church, I'd leave Tama to light a red votive candle and fall to her pious knees while I wandered the graveyards and read the tombstone inscriptions thinking about impermanence; knowing I was passing through in more ways than one.
I thought I was alone in the graveyard when a voice sailed from behind me. "Have you found your way to Kilmacduagh monastery?" it queried. I turned to find a young woman taking in my outlander attire of all-weather jacket and rubber-soled shoes. "It's just up the road there," she pointed. "You'll want to knock on the door of the middle house across the road and ask Lily for the keys."
I was standing behind Tama when she knocked on the front door of a low slung house on a sparsely populated lane. Across the lane, placid fields of damp clover shimmered in the afternoon mist as far as the eye could see. On one verdant field, a series of interspersed ruins jutted in damp metal-gray; some without roofs, some with wrought-iron gates, one in particular beside a towering stone spire with two windows cut in vertical slashes above a narrow door. When the front door opened, a pair of blue water eyes gave us the once over with a suspicious, "Yes?"
"Are you Lily?" Tama asked.
"I am," the woman stated.
"We're here for the keys," Tama said.
"The keys, is it? Just a moment there," Lily said, and after she closed the door, Tama and I stood on the doorstep wordlessly, waiting for the next thing to happen. Seconds later, the door opened and Lily handed us a set of long metal keys. "Just slip them through the door slot when you're through," she said with a quick nod and closed the door.
There was no indication of which key went to what, among the cluster of gates and doors throughout the 7th-century monastery called Kilmacduagh, but after enough scrambling, we figured it out. I was so tickled over being given the keys that I couldn't get over it. "Is this weird?" I said to Tama. "We could be anybody. It feels like we've been given the keys to the kingdom without being vetted. It's not that there's anything anybody could steal, but that's not the point.
I could wax rhapsody over the hours we spent unlocking gates, pushing through doors and climbing the ruins of the eerie, hallowed grounds, but that's not my point either. My point is that's Ireland for you: a stranger offering directions without being asked, Lily handing over the keys like an afterthought, and Tama and I trolling the grounds of historic, sacred space when nobody else was around.
A German couple appeared as we made our way back up the lane. They looked at us wide-eyed and queried, "What is this place?"
"It's a 7th century monastery," I said, "here, take these keys and slip them through Lily's door when you're through."
Claire Fullerton is the author of Dancing to an Irish Reel, A Portal in Time, Mourning Dove, and coming May 1st, Litle Tea.
https://www.clairefullerton
Posted on March 17, 2020 March 17, 2020 by Claire FullertonPosted in Essay, Happy St. Patrick's Day, Ireland, Life Stories, Personal Essay, Uncategorized, writer's lifeTagged #essays, Ireland, musings, St Patricks Day. 11 Comments
On an Irish Bus/ Dancing to an Irish Reel Kindle Giveaway!
He would have stood out anywhere, and standing in front of the entrance to a boutique hotel in Spiddal, wielding a black walking cane with an ivory handle two paces before made him glaringly incongruous to everything I'd come to know about the western coast of Ireland. He wore a three piece suit on his gentle frame: black, with gray stripes the width of angel's hair, with a fitted vest, tailored trousers, complementary cravat, and a black Fedora angled just so.
I looked out from my window seat on the bus from Carraroe to Galway. It was one of those old kinds that looked as if it once had a life as an elementary school bus, now put out to pasture. With aluminum rails on the seats before, the bus would take off noisily, gravel scattering beneath its wheels before I had a chance to sit down. The bus driver greeted me in awkward English. It took a few rounds of greeting me in Irish before he finally realized I am an American, and his guttural salutation now came out sounding like something a little to the left of "Hiya."
The bus rolled to its customary stop on the coast road that runs through the heart of Spiddal. There is no sign there; the stop is force of habit because years of driving this rolling route through Connemara told the driver where travelers would be standing, shielded from the vagaries of Irish weather.
Heads turned as the dapper, elderly man mounted the bus. He steadied his gait with his cane and favored his right foot up the three steps then halted beside the bus driver to beam his greeting. Out of the corner of my eye, trying not to stare, I saw the man tip his hat repeatedly to the right and left as he made his way down the aisle to the vacant seat beside me.
"Nice day," he said to me as he took off his hat and placed it on his lap. "Going into town, is it? Where you go every day?"
"Yes," I said caught by surprise and thinking nothing gets by anybody around here.
"Kearney's the name, Seamus Kearney," he offered himself. "You're an American, yah?" he asked in that way the Irish have of answering their own question.
"Yes," I answered.
"From the South, is it?" he continued.
"That's a good ear you have. Yes, I'm from Memphis, Tennessee, but I spent the last five years living in Los Angeles," I clarified.
"God helps us all," he said with a wink. "And what is your name, then?" he prodded.
"Claire Fullerton." I shook his offered hand.
"And your middle name then? Have you Irish connections?"
"Yes, I have Irish connections on both sides. My middle name is Ford," I said.
"Ford," he considered, wrinkling his brow. "That's an odd middle name for a girl."
"Yes, perhaps," I said. "But I'm not an odd girl; I promise."
"Now the Fords, they're from around these parts. They're old as the hills and Irish as the soil. Many are up the road in that old graveyard by The Centra," Seamus Kearney said. "So they called you here, they did," he said in more of a statement than a question.
"No, actually it was a whim that brought me here. I never knew any of my Ford relatives. Most of them died before I was born."
Seamus drew in his breath in that audible sigh the Irish do, when they're getting ready to say something poignant. It is a sound with a world of understanding contained: one part camaraderie, the other commiseration. "So, they called you here, they did," he reiterated patiently. His white eyebrows raised encouragingly, as if leading a child along the road to good reason.
"Yes, definitely," I complied.
"Ah then, there it is, so. We in Connemara don't see the need in being parted by a little thing like death," he said.
I couldn't wait a second longer; I couldn't help but ask, "Do you always dress like this?"
"Like what?" he asked genuinely unaware, which made me wonder if I'd put my foot in my mouth.
"You look so nice; I was only thinking that," I said, the heat rising to my face.
"Pride of person's not an unpardonable sin," he said. "Now let me ask you what it is you do in town."
The next thing I knew, I was explaining everything I did at my job in Galway, while Seamus gave me his rapt attention, with a pleased look on his face. Had I still been living in Los Angeles, a conversation like this one would have never taken place. One simply did not divulge personal information to a stranger in Los Angeles without thinking it would come back to haunt. But this was Connemara, and the Irish have a way of exchanging pleasantries in a manner that is somewhere between an exploration of and commentary on this business of living. It is an art so subtle you have to narrow your eyes or you'll miss it; it comes creeping softly wearing white cotton socks and sensible shoes.
The bus rolled to a stop at the Spanish Arch, down by the quays in Galway. I stood up to disembark. "Nice to meet you, Mr. Kearney," I said.
"Call me Seamus, please," he returned. "I live just by the church there in Spiddal. I'd love for you to call out any time for a cup of tea," he said, with his blue eyes smiling.
"Thank you so much, I will," I returned, and as I got off the bus to head over the River Corrib's bridge, I turned to wave to Seamus Kearney, and knew without question I would.
Enter to Win Dancing to an Irish Reel on Kindle ! Amazon: https://giveaway.amazon.com/p/04bacbd72e9b9b35
Posted on March 10, 2018 March 10, 2018 by Claire FullertonPosted in books worth reading, Giveaway, Happy St. Patrick's Day, Ireland, Kindle, UncategorizedTagged #kindlegiveaway, Amazon, eBook, Ireland. Leave a comment
The Thing About Galway
Even on the best of days, when the weather is temperate and the sky soft and cloudless, Galway City has a worn, secondhand feel to it: an historic, pensive, erudite quality everywhere you roam down its serpentine streets. But there's also an energetic undercurrent to Galway that seems to thrive on the idea of opposites, which lends the atmosphere a certain air of unpredictability. In many ways, Galway seems like a lively college town, bordered on one side by the dark gray patina of Galway Cathedral, and the ever turbulent River Corrib on the other, which flows straight to Galway Bay on its way through the Claddagh. It's an undefinable, mood-setting, soul-stirring town with a split personality; it is vividly animated by its youthful culture, yet deeply haunted by its storied past.
To Debra Wallace, who was born and reared in Letterfrack, 50 miles north in rural Connemara, Galway was the pinnacle of urban grandeur. At the age of 27, she'd blown into town carrying her dreams and her guitar to set up house in a two-story rental, on the edge of lower Galway's Henry Street. She was an accomplished musician with a whisky-edged singing voice, and her dreams involved joining Galway's vibrant music scene. The second I met her, I thought she embodied everything it meant to be Irish: She was big eyed, russet-haired, quick-witted, nobody's fool, howlingly funny, and spiritually attuned. She gave our friendship no probation period when we first met at The Galway Music Centre, for there was nothing suspicious or cynical about her, though she was disarmingly shrewd. Upon learning that I am an American, she put her hand on her hip, narrowed her eyes to a slit, and give me the once over. Then she set her guitar case down and invited me to call out to her house for a cup of tea.
I had no idea what to expect as I made my way to Debra Wallace's blue-painted door. It rose up from the sidewalk, sandwiched in a row of matching gray structures, each with a pitched roof emitting turf smoke that permeated the residential area in an aroma so redolent it made my eyes water. I rapped thrice on the door, and it swung wide immediately. Stepping onto the uneven cobbled brick floor, it took a minute for my eyes to adjust in the shadowy room, for it had only one window and it seemed the haphazardly arranged turf in the fireplace had reached its crescendo and now glowed in a burnt orange aftermath. The heat in the small room was stifling. I took off my raincoat and made to set it aside on the folded futon against the wall, just as I brought the four chairs before it into focus, where three figures looked up at me expectantly. Debra lowered herself onto the fourth chair and motioned for me to take the futon as a voice disrupted the damp air.
"Well, you weren't telling a tale about that blonde hair of hers, God bless it; must have taken ages to grow," the voice said.
"Claire, this is my mother; Da sits there, and this is my sister Breda," Debra introduced, handing me a cup of tea.
"Nice to meet you," I said. It was then I recognized where Debra had acquired her penchant for the once over, for all three Wallace's studied me head to foot.
"You're an American," Mr. Wallace stated. He was short and stout and leaned forward in his chair, with his hands on his knees and his steady stare beaming beneath his tweed flat cap.
"Yes, I'm from Memphis, Tennessee," I confirmed.
"Ah, Elvis and all that," Mrs. Wallace said, who looked to be, in tandem with her husband, the second installment of a pair of square, blue-eyed bookends.
"That's right," I said, then I searched for a way to escape their scrutiny. I knew I could turn the tables if I could use the standard Irish conversational stand-by. "It looks like it'll rain any minute," I said, looking at Mr. Wallace.
"It does, yah. We brought the weather with us all the way from Letterfrack, so we did. If you haven't been there, you should come see us. It's God's country up there; not much chance for the young ones to run the streets."
"So I moved here," Debra said with a wink."
"Speaking of streets, we should get going," Breda said. "We've only come to town for the one day."
We all stood simultaneously, making our farewells, and after Debra closed the door behind her family, she asked me if I wanted to accompany her to the epicenter of Galway City, which is an area known as Eyre Square.
"There's a card reader up there, her name is Harriet," she said. "As long as you're one of us now, I think you should see her."
"Don't you have to make an appointment?" I asked.
"For what?" Debra said. "Don't be so American. Let's just walk up the road and call out."
What could have been a 10-minute walk up Shop Street took 45 minutes, for such is the nature of Galway. There is no way to set out from point A to point B within the confines of scheduled time because there are too many people milling around, everybody knows everybody, and it is a crime against Irish society not to stop and chat to the point of exhaustion. I stood idly by as Debra engaged in Irish banter time and again, which is to say that each exchange felt like joining a running joke that had been going on for a while, and we had simply stumbled into its midst. It is a game of wit-topping one-upmanship, this business of Irish banter, and as we made our way to Eyre Square, I was starting to catch the rhythm.
Two heavy wooden doors led the way into the back of an atrium on the north side of Eyre Square. Debra heaved the doors apart and ushered me inside to where a canvas marquee had a chalkboard before it, which read, "Readings with Harriet: 12 euros."
What happened next is another story.
But the thing about that day is that it was exemplary of the spirit of Galway, where anything can and does happen, on any given day. This wasn't the first or last time I'd slid into the day thinking it would go one way only to discover it had segued into quite another. Because there's an energy to Galway that will catch the unsuspecting unaware. It emanates from the dichotomy of its nature, its marriage of opposites, its union of past and present, and at its foundation are the fluid Irish people, who know a thing or two about embracing the flow.
Claire is the author of contemporary fiction set in Connemara, "Dancing to an Irish Reel" Http://www.clairefullerton.com
Posted on March 17, 2017 February 12, 2020 by Claire FullertonPosted in Happy St. Patrick's Day, Ireland, Life Stories, Personal Essay, Uncategorized5 Comments

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Copper pyramid geometric candle holder, come with 10pcs.
- Copper pyramid geometric candle holder, come with 10pcs.
- Can also be hung.
- This candle holder is right on trend and would make a great gift.
- Use this as a pretty accessory at a vintage themed wedding.
This is diy diamond painting,not finished picture,need you finish it by yourself.All the size are measured by hand ,so please allow1-3cm differ.


text:
Making beautiful websites
It's easy, it's simple, it's like counting 1,2,3 and best of all it's FR33
Really Simple
Build Days........................1-2 days
Images.....................................Yes
No. of Pages................................1
Mobile Ready...........................Yes
Google Analytics.....................Yes
Updates & Amendments.........Yes
Site Plugins Updated...............Yes
**Build days are subject
to content**
A Little Less Simple
Five Page Site
Build Days......................5-10 days
Video Background....................No
Basic SEO..................................No
A Lot Less Simple
Five+ Pages Site
Build Days.....................2-4 weeks
No. of Pages..........................6-10
Content Re-writing....................No


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML>

	<title>Week 6 Tech Blog</title>

	<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://darrelljones13.github.io/unit1_projects/stylesheets/blog.css">

Week 6 Tech Blog: Blocks, Procs, and Lambdas

I learned almost everthing I know about blocks, Procs, and lambdas from the Ruby Beginner's tutorial on Codecademy.  They have a great way of succinctly explaining the differences between the three, but instead of just sending you over to their site, I'll try by best to explain it as well as they have.

Blocks

Blocks are segments of code that can be defined with either the keywords do and end or with curly braces ({}). Interestingly, blocks are one of the few things in Ruby that aren't objects.  As such, they are kind of ephemeral lasting only long enough to do some stuff in the method.  You can only pass one block per method.

Procs

Conversely, you can pass more than one Proc per method. Procs are objects! They are instances of the Proc class, which is why it begins with a capital P. Codecademy thinks of Procs like savable blocks. You can save blocks as Procs and use them over and over again.

Lambdas

Lambdas are also objects.  They actually have quite a lot in common with Procs.  One of the major differences between the two is that lambdas check the number of arguments passed to it, while Procs do not. In fact, lambdas will raise an error if there aren't the correct number of arguments.  Procs ignore them.

I hope this helps distinguish these three Ruby essentials. Happy coding!

Darrell Jones 2014

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Salford Community Leisure (SCL) is committed to Building a Great Place to Work; with over 500 employees servicing more than 3 million customer visits at 40 venues across the city each year. We exist to 'enhance the lives of people living in Salford through providing sport, leisure and cultural opportunities'.
We have an exciting position available for a Fixed Term Level 2 Swimming Teacher Schools Term Time Only March - December 2019 whose role is to provide a high quality service in accordance to the Learn to Swim Programme.
This role will be based at Irlam & Cadishead Leisure Centre; the centre is one of the busiest facilities in the city, boasting over 200,000 attendances a year, a growing membership base with in excess of 1,500 active members, as well as delivery of over seventy fitness classes a week.
If you wish to be considered for this role and join our team please return your application form to Joanne.reilly@scll.co.uk by Wednesday 23rd January 2019 ensuring you detail how you meet and demonstrate the skills, experience, knowledge and behaviours outlined in the person specification.
Successful applicants will be notified of interview date.
Please be aware that this post is subject to a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check and that you will be required to meet the cost of the DBS check – currently £44.00. The payment deductions for any employees who need DBS checks will be taken in 2 payments of £22. If you do not commence employment for any reason but the DBS has been processed, you will be sent an invoice for the payment of £44.00.


text:
Als Räumgeleit wird ein Verfahren der Minenabwehr in Flotten bezeichnet, das die Sicherheit von Kriegs- und Handelsschiffen beim Fahren in verminten Gewässern gewährleisten soll. Räumgeleite werden überwiegend dann eingesetzt, wenn nach dem Minenräumen in einem Gewässer erneut mit Minen gerechnet werden muss oder davon auszugehen ist, dass Seeminen mit unbekanntem Zündprinzip verlegt wurden.

Die im Räumgeleit eingesetzten Minenräumboote fahren dem zu schützenden Verband mit ausgebrachten Räumgeräten voraus, wobei sie je nach eingesetztem Räumgerät eine Staffelformation einnehmen oder in Rotten fahren. Die geleiteten Schiffe (Kriegs- oder Handelsschiffe) laufen in Kiellinie mit einem Abstand von mindestens einer halben Kabellänge (92,6 m) hinter den Räumschiffen.

Der Begriff entstammt der Fachsprache der Volksmarine, in anderen deutschen und westlichen Marinen ist das Verfahren nicht eingeführt.

Siehe auch
 Seekrieg

Einzelnachweise

Minenkriegsführung (See)
Geleit (Schifffahrt)
Kampfmittelräumung und -beseitigung

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
1 dead, dozens injured as storms hit region
Leave a Comment / Science / By admin
Tornadoes tore through parts of Texas and Oklahoma on Friday, killing at least one person, injuring two dozen others and leaving dozens of homes and buildings in ruins.
The tornadoes hit McCurtain County, Oklahoma hard in the southeast corner of the state. Cody McDaniel, the county emergency manager, confirmed one death although he did not immediately provide details.
The small town of Idabel saw a church, medical center and school destroyed.
"There was total destruction on the south and east sides of Idabel," said Steven Carter, emergency management coordinator for McCurtain County. the Texarkana Gazette.
Carter told the newspaper that people were still trapped Friday night.
Oklahoma Governor Kevin Stitt said search and rescue teams and generators were being sent to the Idabel area.
"Praying for Oklahomans impacted by today's tornadoes", Stit tweeted.
Keli Cain of the Oklahoma Office of Emergency Management said at least three other counties were also affected by storms, with flash flooding in some areas.
The National Weather Service said tornadoes were also reported in Texas and Arkansas, and a storm system was heading toward Louisiana.
In Texas, authorities in Lamar County said at least 50 homes were damaged or destroyed and 10 people were treated in hospital, two seriously injured. No deaths were immediately reported.
Judge Brandon Bell, the county's highest elected official, declared a disaster in the region, a step to obtaining federal aid and funding. Bell's statement said at least two dozen people were injured throughout the county.
A hard-hit community was Powderly, about 45 miles west of Idabel and about 120 miles northeast of Dallas. Powderly and Idabel are close to the Texas-Oklahoma border.
The Lamar County Sheriff's Office and Emergency Management said the tornado touched down shortly after 4 p.m. and traveled north-northeast through the communities of Hopewell, Caviness, Beaver Creek and Powderly.
Randi Johnson, Chief of the Powderly Volunteer Fire Department, told the newspaper Le Paris News that she did not know that anyone had been killed but that she was aware of the injuries.
"It's going to take a long time to clean this up, but the community has come together," Johnson said. "It's really heartbreaking to see."
Churches opened their doors to serve as shelters for those whose homes were affected.
Earlier, parts of Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas and Louisiana were at risk of stormy conditions including high winds, hail and tornadoes Friday afternoon, according to the National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center.
At least 10 million people in this area have been placed under tornado watch by the weather service. This too issued a flash flood threat in parts of northeast Texas, southeast Oklahoma, and western Arkansas.
In Arkansasback-to-college events were canceled and high school football games were delayed due to the threat of extreme weather.
Storms across the Southern Plains could trigger thunderstorms capable of developing tornadoes, according to Accuweather.
"Any thunderstorm hazard will be possible, including one or two isolated tornadoes, large hail as well as wind damage from a straight-line thunderstorm," said Troy Kimmel, professor of meteorology at the University. of Texas, to the Austin-American Statesman, part of the USA TODAY Network.
Storms could also trigger power outages and cause property damage. In some extreme cases, they could pose a risk to life, Accuweather said.
Contribute: The Associated Press


text:
Lisbeth Minna Sophie Isolde Käthe Haack, auch Käte Haack, (* 11. August 1897 in Berlin; † 5. Mai 1986 West-Berlin) war eine deutsche Schauspielerin mit einer 70 Jahre dauernden Filmkarriere. In dieser Zeit spielte sie in rund 230 Film- und Fernsehproduktionen mit.

Leben
Käthe Haack war die Tochter des Tuchkaufmanns und Berliner Stadtverordneten Karl Wilhelm Paul Haack und seiner Ehefrau Sophie Margarethe, geb. Jahn. Nach dem Besuch eines Charlottenburger Privatlyzeums nahm sie Schauspielunterricht bei Seraphine Détschy und Hans Kaufmann. 1914 erhielt sie ihr erstes Engagement am Stadttheater Göttingen. Ab 1915 spielte sie vor allem in Berlin. Dort trat sie besonders an den Bühnen von Victor Barnowsky auf, außerdem am Theater am Kurfürstendamm, Theater am Schiffbauerdamm, Hebbel-Theater, Theater in der Königgrätzer Straße, Volksbühne Berlin und Deutschen Theater.

Zu ihren Rollen gehörten Johanna in Der einsame Weg, Anni in Ferenc Molnárs Spiel im Schloss, Klärchen bei der Uraufführung von Der fröhliche Weinberg 1925 und Mathilde Obermüller, die Frau des Bürgermeisters, bei der Uraufführung von Der Hauptmann von Köpenick 1931 am Deutschen Theater unter der Regie von Heinz Hilpert. 1935 bis 1944 war sie am Preußischen Staatstheater Berlin unter Gustaf Gründgens engagiert. Sie stand 1944 in der Gottbegnadeten-Liste des Reichsministeriums für Volksaufklärung und Propaganda.

Bereits 1915 absolvierte sie auch ihren ersten Filmauftritt. Als äußerst wandlungsfähige Schauspielerin erhielt sie zahlreiche Rollenangebote und konnte ihre Karriere auch nach dem Ende der Stummfilmzeit fortsetzen. So spielte sie 1943 an der Seite von Hans Albers die Baronin Münchhausen in Münchhausen. Ebenso gut gelang ihr der Übergang vom Fach der jungen Naiven in das der Ehefrau und Mutter. Zuletzt war Käthe Haack, die auch weiterhin als Theaterschauspielerin in Berlin erfolgreich war, als vornehme ältere Dame in Fernsehspielen zu erleben.

Wichtige Nachkriegsrollen am Theater waren Mrs. Antrobus in Wir sind noch einmal davongekommen (1946, Hebbel-Theater), Gina Ekdal in Die Wildente (1948, Renaissance-Theater), Mrs. Higgins in My Fair Lady (1963, Tournee mit ca. 1500 Vorstellungen) und Luise Maske in Carl Sternheims Der Snob (1966, Renaissance-Theater). Daneben wirkte Haack in zahlreichen Boulevardstücken mit. Gastspiele führten sie unter anderem nach München an die Kleine Komödie am Max II.

Sie war seit 1916 mit dem Schauspieler Heinrich Schroth (1871–1945) verheiratet. Ihre Tochter Hannelore Schroth (1922–1987) sowie ihr Stiefsohn Carl-Heinz Schroth (1902–1989) waren ebenfalls bekannte Schauspieler.

Käthe Haack starb im Mai 1986 im Alter von 88 Jahren in Berlin. Die Beisetzung erfolgte auf dem landeseigenen Friedhof Heerstraße im heutigen Ortsteil Berlin-Westend. Die Tochter Hannelore Schroth wurde bereits im folgenden Jahr an ihrer Seite beigesetzt, ebenso später deren Sohn aus dritter Ehe, Christoph Kantapper Köster (1953–2012). Auf Beschluss des Berliner Senats ist die letzte Ruhestätte von Käthe Haack (Grablage: 16-J-27) seit 2018 als Ehrengrab des Landes Berlin gewidmet. Die Widmung gilt für die übliche Frist von zwanzig Jahren, kann anschließend aber verlängert werden.

Auszeichnungen
 1967: Ernennung zur Berliner Staatsschauspielerin
 1973: Filmband in Gold für langjähriges und hervorragendes Wirken im deutschen Film
 1978: Bundesverdienstkreuz 1. Klasse

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 1915: Der Katzensteg
 1915: Pension Lampel
 1916: Der Skandal
 1917: Veilchen Nr. 4
 1917: Das Buch des Lasters
 1917: Die Hochzeit im Excentric-Club
 1917: Der Jubiläumspreis
 1917: Der feldgraue Groschen
 1917: Ostpreußen und sein Hindenburg
 1917: Zwei blaue Jungen
 1917: Das Tagebuch des Dr. Hart
 1918: Ihr großes Geheimnis
 1918: Rosen, die der Sturm entblättert
 1918: Sein bester Freund
 1918: Erträumtes
 1918: Die Ratte
 1919: Fräulein Mutter
 1919: Der Weg, der zur Verdammnis führt, 2. Teil. Hyänen der Lust
 1920: Föhn
 1920: Der gelbe Diplomat
 1920: Algol
 1921: Die Trommeln Asiens
 1921: Der tote Gast
 1921: Am Webstuhl der Zeit
 1921: Die Dame und der Landstreicher
 1922: Das Liebesnest
 1922: Die Schuhe einer schönen Frau – Vera-Filmwerke
 1923: Wilhelm Tell
 1923: Die brennende Kugel
 1924: Mein Leopold
 1925: Lebende Buddhas
 1925: Heiratsschwindler
 1926: Kubinke, der Barbier, und die drei Dienstmädchen
 1926: Die Unehelichen
 1926: Die versunkene Flotte
 1927: Benno Stehkragen
 1928: Unter der Laterne
 1930: Alraune
 1930: Der Detektiv des Kaisers
 1930: Skandal um Eva
 1931: Berlin – Alexanderplatz
 1931: Emil und die Detektive
 1931: Der Hauptmann von Köpenick
 1932: Quick
 1932: Tannenberg
 1932: Das schöne Abenteuer
 1933: Der Traum vom Rhein
 1933: Liebe muß verstanden sein
 1934: Konjunkturritter
 1934: Wilhelm Tell
 1934: Der schwarze Walfisch
 1934: Die vier Musketiere
 1934: Der Meisterboxer
 1934: Der Polizeibericht meldet
 1934: Ich heirate meine Frau
 1934: Herz ist Trumpf
 1934: Hanneles Himmelfahrt
 1935: Wunder des Fliegens
 1935: Familie Schimek
 1936: Hans im Glück
 1936: Schloß Vogelöd
 1936: Eine Frau ohne Bedeutung
 1936: Donner, Blitz und Sonnenschein
 1937: Der Herrscher
 1937: Urlaub auf Ehrenwort
 1938: Rätsel um Beate
 1938: Der Fall Deruga
 1939: Der Schritt vom Wege
 1939: Der Stammbaum des Dr. Pistorius
 1939: Verdacht auf Ursula
 1940: Bismarck
 1941: Annelie
 1941: Sechs Tage Heimaturlaub
 1941: Heimaterde
 1942: Zwei in einer großen Stadt
 1943: Sophienlund
 1943: Münchhausen
 1944: Seinerzeit zu meiner Zeit
 1944: Das Konzert
 1947: Und finden dereinst wir uns wieder…
 1949: Ruf an das Gewissen (gedreht 1944)
 1949: Nachtwache
 1949: Der große Mandarin
 1949: Der Biberpelz
 1950: Absender unbekannt
 1950: Gabriela
 1950: Furioso
 1951: Mein Freund, der Dieb
 1951: Königin einer Nacht
 1951: Die verschleierte Maja
 1951: Wenn die Abendglocken läuten
 1952: Das Bankett der Schmuggler (Le Banquet des fraudeurs)
 1952: Der Fürst von Pappenheim
 1952: Herz der Welt
 1952: Lockende Sterne
 1952: Heimweh nach Dir
 1952: Der Tag vor der Hochzeit
 1953: Die unsichtbare Sammlung
 1953: Die vertagte Hochzeitsnacht
 1954: Die tolle Lola
 1954: Heideschulmeister Uwe Karsten
 1954: Rosen-Resli
 1954: Feuerwerk
 1954: Der letzte Sommer
 1954: Schützenliesel
 1954: Die sieben Kleider der Katrin
 1955: Der Himmel ist nie ausverkauft
 1955: Das Schweigen im Walde
 1955: Eine Frau genügt nicht?
 1956: Auf Wiedersehn am Bodensee
 1956: Die Stimme der Sehnsucht
 1957: Die große Chance
 1957: Jede Nacht in einem anderen Bett
 1958: Ist Mama nicht fabelhaft?
 1958: Schwarze Nylons – Heiße Nächte
 1959: Bezaubernde Arabella
 1960: Der letzte Fußgänger
 1961: Zarte Haut in schwarzer Seide (De quoi tu te mêles Daniela!)
 1962: Ich kann nicht länger schweigen
 1967: Dynamit in grüner Seide
 1969: Unser Doktor ist der Beste
 1971: Der trojanische Sessel
 1973: Der Fußgänger
 1973: Black Coffee
 1973: Sergeant Berry (Serie)
 1973: Der Lord von Barmbeck
 1976: Die Affäre Lerouge
 1976: Notarztwagen 7
 1977: Grete Minde
 1982: Unheimliche Geschichten – Der Gruß aus der Fürstengruft (Folge 8)
 1983: Tatort: Fluppys Masche
 1985: Ein Heim für Tiere

Theater
 1928: Sacha Guitry: Ich liebe dich – Regie: Eugen Robert (Tribüne Berlin)
 1929: Walter Hackett: Die Frau des andern – Regie: Robert Wiene (Lessingtheater Berlin)
 1932: Nikolai Gogol: Der Revisor – Regie: Heinz Hilpert (Theater Volksbühne am Bülowplatz Berlin)
 1933: Ferdinand Raimund: Der Bauer als Millionär (Lacrimosa) – Regie: Heinz Hilpert (Theater Volksbühne am Horst-Wessel-Platz Berlin)
 1933: W. Somerset Maugham: Für geleistete Dienste – Regie: Robert Klein (Berliner Komödie)
 1933: René Fauchois: Achtung! Frisch gestrichen! (Älteste Tochter) – Regie: Victor Barnowsky (Komödienhaus Berlin)
 1937: Alexandre Dumas d. J.: Die Kameliendame – Regie: Gustaf Gründgens (Staatstheater – Kleines Haus Berlin)
 1945: Curt Goetz: Ingeborg (Tante Ottilie) – Regie: Carl-Heinz Schroth (Tribüne Berlin)
 1946: Jean Anouilh: Der Reisende ohne Gepäck (Georges Frau) – Regie: Hans-Robert Bortfeldt (Deutsches Theater Berlin – Kammerspiele)
 1946: Thornton Wilder: Wir sind noch einmal davongekommen (Frau Antropus) – Regie: Karl-Heinz Stroux (Hebbel-Theater Berlin)
 1947: Ernst Toller: Pastor Hall (Ida Hall) – Regie: Thomas Engel (Deutsches Theater Berlin)
 1947: Daphne du Maurier: Rebekka – Regie: Ernst Stahl-Nachbaur ( Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1948: Howard Lindsay, Russel Crouse: Der Herr im Haus (Mutter) – Regie: Kurt Raeck (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1949: Henrik Ibsen: Die Wildente (Gina) – Regie: Kurt Raeck (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1950: Brandon Thomas: Charleys Tante – Regie: Axel von Ambesser (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1952: Robert Morley, Noel Langley: Eduard, mein Sohn – Regie: ? (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1952: Gerhart Hauptmann: Herbert Engelmann (Frau Kurnick) – Regie: Otto Kurth (Theater am Kurfürstendamm Berlin)
 1953: Gerhart Hauptmann: Hanneles Himmelfahrt – Regie: Ernst Karchow (Theater am Kurfürstendamm Berlin)
 1957: Robert Maugham: Halluzinationen – Regie: Kurt Raeck (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1958: John Boynton Priestley: Die Zeit und die Conways – Regie: Rudolf Steinboeck (Theater am Kurfürstendamm Berlin)
 1959: George Bernard Shaw: Der Kaiser von Amerika – Regie: Willi Schmidt (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1959: Jean Giraudoux: Die Irre von Chaillot – Regie: Willi Schmidt (Schiller Theater Berlin)
 1961: Ladislaus Bus-Fekete: Wer die Wahl hat – Regie: Franz-Otto Krüger (Hebbel-Theater Berlin)
 1962: Frederick Loewe, Alan Jay Lerner: My Fair Lady – Regie: Wolfgang Spier (Theater des Westens Berlin)
 1962: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Hermann und Dorothea – Regie: Ludwig Berger (Theater in der Leopoldstraße München)
 1964: Carl Sternheim: Der Snob – Regie: Rudolf Noelte (Renaissance-Theater Berlin)
 1965: Hermann Sudermann: Die Schmetterlingsschlacht – Regie: Walter Suessenguth (Hebbel-Theater Berlin)
 1971: Miguel Mihura: Katzenzungen – Regie: Gerd Vespermann (Hebbel-Theater Berlin)

Hörspiele
 1946: Curt Goetz: Minna Magdalena – Regie: Hanns Farenburg (Berliner Rundfunk)
 1946: Max Frisch: Nun singen sie wieder – Regie: Theodor Mühlen (Berliner Rundfunk)
 1949: Berta Waterstradt: Meine Töchter – (Berliner Rundfunk)
 1975: Henry Slesar: Die Sache mit der freundlichen Kellnerin (Mrs. Mannerheim) – Regie: Friedhelm von Petersson (SFB / RB)

Bibliographie
 Käte Haack: In Berlin und anderswo: Erinnerungen. Herbig, München 1971, , 2. Auflage, Moewig, Rastatt 1981, ISBN 3-8118-4103-3.
 Hermann J. Huber: Langen Müller's Schauspielerlexikon der Gegenwart. Deutschland. Österreich. Schweiz. Albert Langen • Georg Müller Verlag GmbH, München • Wien 1986, ISBN 3-7844-2058-3, S. 336 f.
 Jörg Schöning, Gerke Dunkhase: Käthe Haack – Schauspielerin. In: CineGraph – Lexikon zum deutschsprachigen Film, Lieferung 10, 1988.
 C. Bernd Sucher (Hrsg.): Theaterlexikon. Autoren, Regisseure, Schauspieler, Dramaturgen, Bühnenbildner, Kritiker. Von Christine Dössel und Marietta Piekenbrock unter Mitwirkung von Jean-Claude Kuner und C. Bernd Sucher. 2. Auflage. Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, München 1999, ISBN 3-423-03322-3, S. 258.
 Kay Weniger: Das große Personenlexikon des Films. Die Schauspieler, Regisseure, Kameraleute, Produzenten, Komponisten, Drehbuchautoren, Filmarchitekten, Ausstatter, Kostümbildner, Cutter, Tontechniker, Maskenbildner und Special Effects Designer des 20. Jahrhunderts. Band 3: F – H. John Barry Fitzgerald – Ernst Hofbauer. Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89602-340-3, S. 460 f.

Weblinks

 Interview mit Käte Haack, anlässlich ihres 70. Geburtstags 1967

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
Theaterschauspieler
Stummfilmschauspieler
Darstellende Kunst (Nationalsozialismus)
Träger des Bundesverdienstkreuzes 1. Klasse
Träger des Deutschen Filmpreises
Bestattet in einem Ehrengrab des Landes Berlin
Darstellender Künstler (Berlin)
⚭Kathe
Deutscher
Geboren 1897
Gestorben 1986
Frau


For the blues rock band, see Radio Moscow (band).
A sample of a Radio Moscow shortwave broadcast from the late 1980s.
The U.S. was first targeted by Radio Moscow during the early 1950s, with transmitters in the Moscow region. Later Western North America was targeted by the newly constructed Vladivostok and Magadan relay stations.
The first broadcasts to Africa went on the air in the late 1950s in English and French.
In 1961 Radio Moscow for the first time spoke in three African languages: Amharic, Swahili and Hausa. Over time, listeners in Africa got a chance to tune into Radio Moscow in another eight African languages.
The first centralized news bulletin went on the air in August 1963 and reached out to listeners all over the world. In the years of the Cold War most news reports and commentaries focused on the relations between the United States and Soviet Union.
In the 1970s the cream of Radio Moscow's commentator teams united in a radio journal, called "News and Views". Taking part in the ambitious project were Viktor Glazunov, Leonid Rassadin, Yuri Shalygin, Alexander Kushnir, Yuri Solton and Vladislav Chernukha. Over the years the journal grew into a major information and analytical program of the Radio Moscow foreign service.
In the late 1970s its English language service was renamed Radio Moscow World Service. The project was launched and supervised by a long-time Radio Moscow journalist and manager Alexander Evstafiev. Later a North American service, African service and even a "UK & Ireland" service (all in English) operated for a few hours per day alongside the regular (24 Hour) English World Service as well as services in other languages, the "Radio Peace and Progress" service and a small number of programmes from some of the USSR republics.
At one time in 1980, Radio Moscow had transmissions on the Medium Wave broadcast on 600 kHz (later 1040 kHz) from Havana, Cuba which reached the Caribbean islands and US State of Florida.
One of the most popular programmes on air in the 1980s, due to its informal presentation that contrasted with most other shows, was the 'Listeners' Request Club' hosted by prominent radio presenter Vasily Strelnikov. Another popular feature which began on Radio Moscow was Moscow Mailbag, which answered listeners' questions in English about the Soviet Union. Since 1957, the programme was presented by Joe Adamov, who was known for his command of the English language and his good humour.
On 22 December 1993, the Russian president Boris Yeltsin issued a decree which reorganized Radio Moscow with a new name: Voice of Russia.
The USSR pioneered the use of HRS 8/8/1 antennas (horizontal dipole curtain, eight columns, eight rows, with electrically steerable pattern) for highly targeted shortwave broadcasting long before HRS 12/6/1 technology became available in the west. HRS 8/8/1 curtain arrays create a 10-degree beam of shortwave energy, and can provide a highly audible signal to a target area some 7,000 km away.
Radio Wolga - radio station for Soviet Soldiers in former East Germany, until 1990.
This page was last modified on 24 October 2015, at 07:48.


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text:
Former Texas High School Standout Announces Retirement from NFL
Jess Published: May 5, 2017
Justin Edmonds, Getty Images
It may seem premature given his age, but I would love to have just one year in the NFL under my belt.
Yeah, I said it. I would love to have played in the NFL. That was one of my first career choices when I was a little girl... I wanted to play football. For many reasons that dream did not become a reality, but don't you ever say it's because I can't throw a perfect spiral. I, like many others out there, would have given anything to play just one season in the NFL.
That's why I don't knock Justin Forsett for retiring at the age of 31.
He had a chance to reach the ultimate level and got to experience it for nine years. A former standout at Grace Preparatory Academy in Arlington, Texas, Forsett went on to play at Cal before heading to the pros. He played for several teams and even spent time with three of them in his final season.
He made the announcement via Twitter, thankful for every moment he had on that field.
Filed Under: nfl
Categories: Football News, Social Media, Sports News


text:
Lista uczelni w Brazylii zawiera spis najważniejszych uczelni w Brazylii uszeregowanych według stanów.

W całym kraju jest ponad 2368 szkół (publicznych i prywatnych) uznanych przez Ministerstwo Edukacji Brazylii.

Poszczególne sekcje tego artykułu odzwierciedlają stany Brazylii i zostały uszeregowane alfabetycznie.

Lista uczelni według stanów

Acre
 Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC)

Alagoas
 Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL)
 Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas (UNCISAL)
 Universidade Estadual de Alagoas (UNEAL)

Amapá
 Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP)

Amazonas
 Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
 Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)

Bahia
 Instituto Federal da Bahia (IFBA)
 Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
 Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB)
 Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia (UFESBA)
 Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFOBA)
 Universidade Católica do Salvador (UCSal)
 Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS)
 Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC)
 Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste Baiano (UESB)
 Universidade Estadual da Bahia (UNEB)
 Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS)

Ceará
 Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFCE)
 Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE)
 Universidade de Fortaleza (UniFor)
 Universidade do Vale do Acaraú (Uva)
 Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA)

Dystrykt Federalny
 Universidade de Brasília (UnB)
 Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB)
 Centro Universitário de Brasília (UniCEUB)
 Instituto de Educação Superior de Brasília (IESB)
 Centro Universitário do Distrito Federal (UniDF)
 Centro Universitário Euroamericano (UNIEURO)
 Universidade Paulista (UniP)
 Instituto Científico de Ensino Superior e Pesquisa (UNICESP)

Espírito Santo
 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)
 Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (IFES)
 Universidade Vila Velha (UVV)

Goiás
 Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-GO)
 Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG)
 Universidade Paulista (UNIP)
 Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO)
 Fundação de Ensino Superior de Rio Verde

Maranhão
 Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)
 Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA)
 Centro Universitário do Maranhão (UNICEUMA)
 Unidade de Ensino Superior Dom Bosco (UNDB)

Mato Grosso
 Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)
 Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (Unemat)

Mato Grosso do Sul
 Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)
 Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB)
 Universidade para o Desenvolvimento do Estado e da Região do Pantanal (UNIDERP)

Minas Gerais
 Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC-Minas)
 Universidade de Itaúna (UIT)
 Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI)
 Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL)
 Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)
 Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
 Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV)
 Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP)
 Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ)
 Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais (UEMG)
 Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes)
 Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)
 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
 Centro Universitário de Caratinga (UNEC)
 Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET-MG)
 Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais – Campus Juiz de Fora (IFET-JF)

Pará
 Centro Universitário do Pará (CESUPA)
 Faculdade da Amazônia (FAMA)
 Faculdade de Belém (FABEL)
 Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)
 Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA)
 Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA)
 Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA)
 Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA)
 Universidade Paulista (UNIP-PA)
 Universidade Vale do Acarau (UVA)

Paraíba
 Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
 Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG)
 Universidade Estadual da Paraíba (UEPB)

Parana
 Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR)
 Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
 Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
 Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG)
 Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP)
 Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR)
 Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR)
 Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná (UTP)
 Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR)
 Universidade Positivo (UP)
 Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO)
 Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE)

Pernambuco
 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
 Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UniCaP)
 Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE)
 Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)
 Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF)

Piauí
 Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI)
 Universidade Estadual do Piauí (UESPI)

Rio de Janeiro
 Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME)
 Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)
 Universidade Católica de Petrópolis (UCP)
 Universidade do Grande Rio (UNIGRANRIO)
 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)
 Universidade Estácio de Sá (Estácio)
 Universidade Estadual da Zona Oeste (UEZO)
 Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF)
 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
 Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
 Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
 Universidade Cândido Mendes (UCAM)
 Universidade Gama Filho (UGF)
 Universidade Veiga de Almeida (UVA)
 Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET/RJ)

Rio Grande do Norte
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
 Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN)
 Universidade Potiguar (UnP)

Rio Grande do Sul
 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS)
 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
 Universidade Católica de Pelotas (UCPel)
 Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF)
 Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC)
 Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos)
 Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel)
 Universidade Federal do Pampa (Unipampa)
 Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA)
 Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG)
 Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS)
 Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)
 Centro Universitário do Vale do Rio Taquari (UNIVATES)
 Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS)
 Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ)
 Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado (UNIJUÍ)
 Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI)
 Universidade Feevale (FEEVALE)
 Centro Universitário Franciscano (Unifra)
 Universidade da Região da Campanha (URCAMP)
 Centro Universitário La Salle (Unilasalle)
 Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia (FUC)

Rondônia
 Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR)
 Unidade de Ensino Superior de Cacoal (UNESC)

Roraima
 Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR)

Santa Catarina
 Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)
 Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul (UFFS)
 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (Udesc)
 Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (Univali)
 Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (Unisul)
 Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB)
 Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC)
 Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC)
 Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille)
 Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (Uniplac)

São Paulo
 Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing (ESPM)
 Faculdade de Tecnologia Bandeirantes (BandTec)
 Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP)
 Faculdade de Tecnologia do Estado de São Paulo (FATEC)
 Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA)
 Centro Universitário da FEI (FEI)
 Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas)
 Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP)
 Centro Universitário do Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia (CeUn-IMT)
 Universidade Anhembi Morumbi (UAM) [Laureate International Universities]
 Universidade Católica de Santos (UNISANTOS)
 Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba (Unimep)
 Universidade Metodista de São Paulo (Umesp)
 Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul (USCS)
 Universidade Paulista (Unip)
 Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (Mackenzie)
 Centro Universitário FECAP (FECAP)
 Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
 Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp)
 Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
 Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
 Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp)
 Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)
 Universidade de Guarulhos (UNG)
 Universidade Santo Amaro (UNISA)
 Universidade São Marco (UNIMARCO)
 Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau)
 Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas (FMU)
 Centro Universitario Nove de Julho (UNINOVE)
 Centro Universitario Belas Artes de São Paulo (FEBASP)
 Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (Mackenzie)
 Universidade Paulista (UNIP)
 Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp)

Sergipe
 Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)

Tocantins
 Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT)

Przypisy

Brazylia


text:
Through the Looking Glass Children's Book Reviews
Purchase on
Henry and the Paper Route Audio
Unabridged audiobook (CD)
Performed/read by: Neil Patrick Harris
HarperFestival, 2006 ISBN: 978-0060898311
Sometimes it is very hard being almost, but not quite, eleven years old . Henry Huggins knows that he really does need to be eleven years old before Mr. Capper will consider hiring him to do a paper route and yet Henry cannot help thinking that all he needs to do is to impress Mr. Capper for the man to agree to take Henry on now. What can he do to convince Mr. Capper that he is responsible enough to do the job?
Henry first tries getting new subscribers for the Journal, thinking that this would be a very grown-up thing to do. He ties to entice potential customers by offering to give new subscribers a free kitten. Henry acquired the kittens at a rummage sale and now he is having a very hard time finding homes for them.
Then Henry agrees to take over Scooter's route for him every so often so that Scooter can have more free time. Being an enterprising boy, Henry puts advertisements in the papers that he delivers asking subscribers to donate newspapers and magazines for the school paper drive. Little does Henry know that his advertisements will be more than just a little too successful.
Then, at last, Henry gets his very own route, but he still has a big problem. Ramona Quimby has decided that she is also going to be a "paper boy" and she makes it neigh on impossible for Henry to get his newspapers delivered.
Who would have thought being a paper boy could be so complicated? As per usual Henry gets himself into all kinds of pickles. He ends up with kittens crawling up his shirt, mountains of paper to process, and so much more. Still, Henry is nothing if not persistent, and with the help of his parents and his friends, he finally gets what he wants.
Wonderfully funny and full of characters whom children can identify with, this story is still as relevant to today's children as it was when it was first published in 1957. With his colorful collection of voices, Neil Patrick Harris brings every single character to life, making the reader feel that he or she knows Henry, Ramona, Beezus, Scooter, and Murph intimately.
Review Written by Marya Jansen-Gruber


The subject of Meghan Markle's first marriage has gotten quite a bit of airtime lately.
First, when her wedding invitations were sent out—the bride was referred to as 'Ms' Meghan Markle, in contrast to Kate's 'Miss Catherine Middleton'—and again, with the help of a new unauthorised biography.
Andrew Morton, a Princess Diana biographer, has penned the salacious Meghan: A Hollywood Princess, which is shining a very intense spotlight on Meghan's first marriage.
Meghan married producer Trevor Engelson in a Jamaican ceremony in 2011 after dating for nine years. The pair then divorced in 2013.
"I have zero to say about her," Engelson said to enquiring reporters.
According to Morton, the breakup—for Engelson—was "out of the blue," but was accelerated by Meghan's role on Suits, which kept her in Toronto, while her husband lived in LA.
"He [Engelson] went from cherishing Meghan to, as one friend observed, 'Feeling like he was a piece of something stuck to the bottom of her shoe'," wrote Morton, via The Times. "What once endeared now irritated. A self-confessed perfectionist, Meghan had tolerated Trevor's scattered approach to life for years."
In season two of Suits, Meghan made her stance clear—via a very symbolic juice blender. According to the book, Meghan took the blender from their LA house and drove it back to Canada.
"She packed it into the back seat of her car even though it would have been just as easy to buy a new one," Morton wrote. "It sat on the kitchen counter in the Toronto house, a material reminder that her home was no longer in Los Angeles."
But perhaps the most eye-opening line in the book details how Meghan allegedly ended things with Engelson—by mail.
"A wealthy entrepreneur friend claimed the marriage ended so abruptly that Meghan sent Trevor her diamond wedding and engagement rings back by registered mail," reads the book.
"Another confirmed that the decision to end the marriage was made by Meghan and had come 'totally out of the blue'."