Do commercial public enterprises exist to make a profit?
To answer whether commercial public enterprises' contribution and significance resides in showing profits, or otherwise, is a function of assessing the definition, purpose and reason for existence of public enterprises. In other words, the purpose and reason for existence of the commercial public enterprises, as captured in their definition and mandates as per their establishing acts, should indicate their significance, contribution and expected outcomes. What is referred to as commercial public enterprises are currently defined as those that "provide a product or render a service in the best interest of the public and [have] the potential to generate a sustainable profit while promoting economic growth and fulfilling its mandate" (IPPR, 2016: 9). The foundational Public Enterprises Governance Amendment Act, 2015 (Act No.8 of 2015) defines a public enterprise as "a State-owned enterprise or State-owned Company or any other entity established under any law or in terms of any other instrument, and the purpose of which is to advance any interest of the public". The highlighted phrases in the definition (bold print) are indicative of what appears to be the underlying bases for the purpose and reason for existence of commercial public enterprises.
Attention should be drawn to how many times the phrase interest of the public is used in the above-highlighted definitions, which signifies the apparent weight of importance accorded to this aspect. However, the questions that emerge are these: what, or when, is it in the interest of the public? Is it when the entity makes profits and pay dividends that are used by the state to finance its developmental agenda (schools, hospitals, roads, houses etc.)? Is best interest of the public when goods and services are affordable to the majority of population? Is best interest of the public when nobody is left out of the Namibian House? What, really, is best interest of the public?
"Furthermore, different Acts and policy documents of various PE's [public enterprises] prescribe different governance structures which create overlaps in effecting provisions of the PEG Act, e.g. the Companies Act differs from the PEG Act and from PEs' constituent Acts in terms of; risk, liability and fiduciary responsibility which it (Companies Act) places with the Boards while the latter leave it to line Ministers. Sometimes, the multiplicity of 'bosses' and conflicting policy instruments lead to clashes between Management, Boards and Ministers due to differing interpretations of company vision, mission and responsibility, hence, resulting into 'blame games', suspensions, low morale and low productivity" (MOPE Strategic Plan 2016/17 – 2020/21, 2015: 9.
If profitability is the overriding motif of public enterprises, then the SOEs foundation, i.e., their constituent and establishing acts, should urgently be revised to read as such like their cousins in the private sector whose core purpose is to "maximise shareholder's wealth". This means that all commercial enterprises should have one generic act that is written premised on one outcome in mind, namely, the profit motive. One cannot have both the profit motive and best interest of the public as philosophical underpinnings. Currently, the private sector and public sector companies seems to depart from two different philosophical lenses. One is to maximise shareholder's wealth, the other to advance interest of the public. If their intended purpose is to advance any interest of the public, how can public enterprises be solely run on private sector principles, which are rooted in maximisation of wealth principles? Based on definitions in the above-quoted acts, public enterprises seems at present to incline towards inclusivity and human fulfillment of social needs of the majority of citizens which, amongst other, entails access to modern and effective basic services like electricity, water, telecommunications, tourism, transport, health, education and training for all people.
What should be done with commercial enterprises in Namibia?
More work still needs to be done by the Ministry of Public Enterprises, in particular, to galvanise support so as to reach a broad consensus on the core philosophy (identity and purpose) that should underpin commercial enterprises in Namibia. If profitability is the superseding objective, then consistently rework as such in all the relevant legislations, including amending the establishing acts of all commercial public enterprises. If the social view (interest of the public) is the overriding motif, then consistently state as such in all appropriate legislative framework on commercial public enterprises.
One has to admire the work that went into the conceptualisation and crafting of the Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004) as far as defining and clarifying the pertinent aspects related to the governance structure of companies in Namibia is concerned. Unlike in the case of the commercial public enterprises, almost all possible answers related to the functioning and governance of companies are contained in the Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004). This might be the reason why private companies find it easier to adhere to and manifest a uniformal governance structure and organisational behaviour (culture) because detail went into an instrument (Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004) that directs the conduct and behaviour of companies. From this point of view, a single act, like the Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004), needs to be conceptualised and crafted that will shape the identity, purpose and reason for existence of all the commercial public enterprises in Namibia.
The situation where SOE x and SOE y have different methods and criteria for appointing board members as per their establishing acts, for instance, needs to be avoided. Within the foregoing, Chapter 8 of the Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004), the whole sections from 216-222, comprehensively defines and clarifies all possible aspects related to board of directors in companies. To the contrary, board of directors as an agreed-upon significant aspect in the good governance of a company is left to the mercy of unharmonised constituent acts of the different SOEs. Yet we wonder why SOEs manifest a particular type of organisational behaviour (culture) that appears divergent from private enterprises.
It might be due to a particular governance framework that plays like a broken tape (unharmonised establishing acts) instead of smooth and harmonised music (a single act like the Companies Act (Act No. 28 of 2004) for commercial public enterprises).
Of course, implanting a single harmonised act for commercial public enterprises requires hard work. However, this could be the way to go in entrenching a core philosophy of being and mind-set (organisational culture) that underpins commercial public enterprises in Namibia.
The author, Matthias M. Ngwangwama, originally hails from the Kavango East Region. He matriculated in 1988 at Rundu Senior Secondary School. His educational qualifications include National Diploma in Accounting, a Bachelor of Technology in Accounting and Finance and MBA.


text:
Marylène ist ein weiblicher französischer Vorname.

Namensträgerinnen
 Marylène Dosse (* 1939), französisch-amerikanische Pianistin
 Marylène Lieber Gabbiani (* 1971), französisch-schweizerische Soziologin mit Schwerpunkten in Geschlechtertheorie und -forschung
 Marylène Patou-Mathis (* 1955), französische Urgeschichtlerin

Siehe auch
 Marilene
 Marilena (Vorname)
 Mary (Vorname)

Weblinks
 Statistik zur Häufigkeit (fr)

Weiblicher Vorname
Französischer Personenname

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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If you like techno, trance, dance, or even house, I'd like you to check out my SoundCloud page, which is filled with original music by me and remixes by me.
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I have and am, atm.


text:
using System;
using Csla;

namespace ParentLoadSoftDelete.DataAccess.ERLevel
{
    /// <summary>
    /// DTO for E07_Country_Child type
    /// </summary>
    public partial class E07_Country_ChildDto
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the parent Country ID.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The Country ID.</value>
        public int Parent_Country_ID { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Gets or sets the Regions Child Name.
        /// </summary>
        /// <value>The Country Child Name.</value>
        public string Country_Child_Name { get; set; }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
You are here: Home > Browse > Gridlock
Sean Black / Jeff Harding
Adult movie actress Raven Lane is one of the most lusted-after women in America, with millions of fans to prove it. But when a headless corpse turns up in the trunk of her car, she realises that fame carries a terrible price. Fearing for her life, Raven turns to elite bodyguard Ryan Lock for help. Lock stops bad things happening to good people, but can he stop the tidal wave of violence as Raven's predator targets - and kills - those closest to her? As events spiral out of control, Lock is drawn into a dangerous world where money rules, where sex is a commodity to be bought and sold, and where no one can be trusted, least of all his beautiful new client...
Released 1st November 2011
Duration 8 Hrs. 07 Mins.
Sean Black
Sean Black grew up in Scotland, studied film in New York, and has written the screenplays for many of Britain's best-known TV dramas. To research the first two Ryan Lock thrillers, he underwent week... more

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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KUALA LUMPUR: Malaysia continued to experience net foreign selling for the third consecutive week as investors shifted their asset allocation into safe havens such as bonds and money market.
GEORGE TOWN: A picture circulating on social media claiming many high-value factories are leaving Penang is fake, says the state's investor relations agency.
KUALA LUMPUR (April 8): The reportedly critical state of the Federal Land Development Authority's (Felda) finances is having a profound impact on the 112,635 settlers nationwide.


At Agura Construoction and Inspection Services, our goal is to inspect your dream home and to make the process easy and enjoyable for you. We are a full service inspection and construction company with a wide range of experience.
Our excellent service and long list of satisfied clients attest to our superior craftsmanship, attention to detail, clear communication, honesty and integrity.
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text:
The 2014 Volkswagen GTI comes only as a 4-door model. The front-wheel-drive GTI is powered by a 2.0L, 16-valve turbocharged 4-cylinder engine making 200 horsepower. Because it produces its peak 207 pound-feet of torque beginning at a low 1,700 rpm, the engine feels more like a V6 in many respects, while returning EPA ratings of up to 24 mpg city, 33 highway. It works especially well with the available DSG automatic transmission, which is actually two small manual gearboxes, controlled by electronics, to deliver confident shifts in less time than you could shift yourself. A 6-speed manual gearbox is also offered. DSG includes steering-wheel paddle-shifters and to get the most out of DSG, it includes a Launch Control feature so that you can launch especially quickly from a stop.
A fully-independent suspension, with front damper-struts and a stiff tubular roll bar, plus a 4-link layout in back help to give the GTI performance tuning that is responsive but not too jarring or coarse for passengers. An electromechanical steering system also loads up nicely and can compensate for crosswinds or road surfaces. Brakes in the GTI are a step up from those in the Golf, with 12.3-inch ventilated discs in front and 10.7-inch discs in back and there's an XDS cross-differential system and electronic differential that functions as a limited-slip differential and helps send power safely to the wheels that can best use it. Exclusive to the GTI are polished exhaust tips with a "sound generator" that brings more sporty engine sounds into the cabin during spirited driving.
The GTI inherits the Volkswagen Golf's building blocks and same basic layout inside. What that means is that it offers a lot more interior efficiency and versatility than most dedicated high-performance models. There's a 15-cubic-foot cargo space, and the rear seatback is split 60/40 and folds down to expand the area for larger items.
The 2014 GTI is offered in two trims: Wolfsburg Edition and the fully loaded Driver's Edition. Wolfsburg models feature 18-inch alloy wheels, tinted glass, fog lamps, air conditioning, heated front seats, a cooled glovebox, cruise control, Bluetooth connectivity and an 8-speaker sound system with Sirius XM satellite radio and iPod capability, as well as an auxiliary input. Driver's Edition models add bi-xenon headlights with LED running lights, touchscreen navigation, power sunroof and leather seats front and rear.


text:
Laura Graye
Clinical Practice Medigraytion
Calendar & Contact
The Graye Matter
Medigraytion
How To Quickly Excavate Your Unconscious Motives
How To Quickly Excavate Your Unconscious Motives:
The Speed Dial to Finding Your Unconscious Motivation
Our unconscious makes up the foundation of somewhere around 95 percent of our decisions; what we say, what we believe, who we date and/or marry, where we work, who our friends are, how we spend our money, even what we eat.
It appears at surface glance we have more control than this. It appears this way partially because there is never only one reason we do, say, spend, or eat anything. You can stop at the short answer, never dig deeper and "that's all there is".
That is not all there is to our motives.
You can go through life staying on the surface…"I married Dave because he was funny and I loved him." or you can follow that up with a deeper dive into your unconscious…"I married Dave because he neglected similar parts of me which my mother and father neglected and I was unconsciously attracted to this pattern of lack of self-worth and needed to work that out to learn and evolve." Both statements are true.
If you are of the world-view that we are all just here, sitting around enjoying (or suffering) through life, stick with the superficial view. But, if you are here knowing you have a personal evolution which is in service to a greater human evolution which is in service to an even greater Universe evolution, then you'll want to understand the deeper meaning of why you do what you do.
Discovering your unconscious is not difficult. It doesn't need to take hours of processing. In fact, lengthy processing may sometimes give way to your ego winding its way back in. Fast excavation into your unconscious can be the most powerful way to arrive at the deeper truth. Here's how:
1. The best identifier for something hidden in your unconscious is a strong emotional reaction. These are typically negative emotional reactions, but they can be inflated positive emotions too.
2. The instant you have the emotional reaction, immediately ask yourself very quickly, "Why did I feel that or say that?"
3. Listen to what your mind says immediately. Don't balk at what comes up. No matter what it is.
4. Quickly, instantaneously, thank yourself for providing that answer and immediately, within a second, ask yourself again, "Why did I feel that or say that?"
5. Listen immediately. Don't question any word or thought. This is the next layer.
6. Again, quickly and instantaneously thank yourself for providing the next layer and immediately ask yourself again, "Why did I say that or feel that."
7. Listen to what your mind says immediately with absolutely no judgment.
8. Instantly, thank yourself for providing the next layer deeper in your unconscious.
9. Continue this process, sometimes as many as 17 layers deep, until you can feel the bottom. Typically you'll be able to note a difference in your emotional wellbeing; either releasing a deep cry or a landing in a deep calm.
10. And then thank yourself and all the other humans here doing their part in service to human evolution!
© 2023 Laura Graye LLC


Ahh summer yoga… Yes, the summer is coming and our team at Summersalt Yoga has prepared a special yoga retreat for you guys. A retreat where we blend the philosophy of yoga and the pleasures that life and summer magic offer us.
We called it Summer Yoga retreat, because we all know that summer represents joy, happiness, new discoveries, adventures and just being in the moment.
At our Summer Yoga retreat we have combined the incredible experiences of daily yoga, exploring the island (the beaches, the coves, the hidden corners) and indulging in the amazing food Vis has to offer.
Come, experience the beautiful island, it's serene pace of life, the peace of yoga and the pleasure of discovery and food. More information and booking here.
As we celebrate life in all forms, from beginning to end, and everything that's in between, the piece that brings together is the love we share for our favorite cuisines.
Unfortunately, modern day life has devalued this favorite pastime. People regularly eat on the go, in front of a computer, or without engagement. That personal touch is a bit lost.
But here's a time when we will be connecting back to that feeling – that lost art of eating for enjoyment.
Eating for enjoyment has a very yogic quality to it. When you take a bite, and you taste the food on your tongue, you feel its texture, its flavor, and its shape, you're embracing its nourishment, its vitality, and healing quality. Can you think of anything that is instantly calming and satisfying as delicious morsels? I can not. Not only can good food instantly change your mood, but it stimulates your taste, smell, touch, and even visual senses.
In mindfulness meditation, "tasting your food" is an actual practice. When you practice mindfulness meditation of eating, your focus is on exactly what you're eating, right there and then. You remove yourself from distractions – no TV, no computer, no mobile devices, no reading. You sit at a table, and you take a bite. Just one bite. As that bite enters your mouth, you put the utensils down and you put your hands in your lap. You continue this pattern until you have completed your meal. It's an opportunity to have a depth of exploration with your meal, and allow you to focus your mind only on that nourishment. You carry that same mindfulness through each step as you clear your dishes away, wash them, and clean up after.
It's no coincidence that yoga and eating go hand in hand this way. When you're on your mat, you are without the distractions of the outside world, and only dealing with what is happening within your body and your mind right in that moment. From the time you roll out your mat, to the end when you collect your things and walk back into the regular world, you carry that careful attention to detail throughout the practice.
So think of this retreat as a time to reengage and reignite the enjoyment of food, mixed in with perhaps a new way to look at your yoga practice. What happens when you take the moment to feel every movement, every shape, every breath, every release? Can you feel an immediate satisfaction? Can you begin see the relationship developing between yoga and food?
These connections start to integrate deeply into our emotional responses. The whole reason why food is such a big part of culture is all boiled down to one thing – love. Love of life, of your family, your friends, your surroundings, your home…all of that can be triggered through the fragrance of food.
Come explore with us as we take a journey to reconnect with cultural pastimes and make new connections through that exploration with love, curiosity, and intention. The sensual experience between yoga and food, all to connect deeply to that love in your heart.


text:
Els matolls espinosos de Madagascar, també coneguts com a boscos espinosos de Madagascar, són una ecoregió afrotropical semidesèrtica que s'estén al llarg de la franja costanera entre el riu Mangoky al nord-oest i la serralada dAnosyennes al sud-est, i ocupa la part sud-occidental de Madagascar. És la regió més àrida de l'illa, caracteritzada per una llarga estació seca i molt poca precipitació i erràtica, en algunes zones per sota dels 350 mm per any de mitjana, concentrada entre octubre i abril. Alberga una proporció excepcional d'espècies de plantes endèmiques i forma part de Global 200.

Flora i fauna
El matoll o bosc espinós es caracteritza per la presència al voltant del 95% d'espècies vegetals endèmiques de l'ecoregió, que presenten mecanismes particulars d'adaptació xeròfila (extrema a la sequera) d'entre les quals destaquen les espècies de Didiereaceae. Són una família de plantes que per convergència evolutiva han desenvolupat mecanismes d'adaptació, com la presència de fulles petites i coriàcies i espinescència. En una gran proporció són espècies arbustives, però en alguns casos poden emergir en forma d'arbres de més de 10 m d'alçada, com Alluaudia ascendens i Alluaudia procera.

D'entre les espècies d'arbres també es troben Burseraceae, Leguminosae (Tetrapterocarpon geayi, Delonix spp.), Hernandiaceae (Gyrocarpus americanus) així com diverses espècies d'Euphorbiaceae; en destaquen els característics baobabs (Bombacàcies): malgrat la seva presència han minvat els darrers anys.

Entre els mamífers es poden trobar a l'ecoregió sauròpsids com Ebenavia maintimainty, la tortuga aranya (Pyxis arachnoides), la tortuga radiada, el lèmur mostela de cua vermella, el sifaca de Verreaux, el lèmur de cua anellada, el lèmur nan de cua gruixuda, el lèmur ratolí gris, així com tenrecs, com el tenrec orellut i el tenrec espinós petit. Hi ha tres espècies endèmiques del bosc espinós: el lèmur mostela de peus blancs, el lèmur ratolí gris rogenc i la mangosta de Wozencraft; nombroses aus: Uratelornis chimaera, Coua cursor, Coua verreauxi, Monias benschi, Newtonia archboldi, Xenopirostris xenopirostris, Calicalicus rufocarpalis, Monticola imerina, i rèptils: els camaleons Furcifer belalandaensis i Furcifer antimena, les iguanes Oplurus saxicola i Oplurus fihereniensis, els dragons Phelsuma breviceps, Ebenavia maintimainty i Matoatoa brevipes, i la serp Liophidium chabaudi.

Referències

Bibliografia

Ecoregions d'Àfrica
Geografia de Madagascar


This week I made a Christening Cake for the Bunt family. Their two sons had a joint Christening and wanted a cake that followed through with the big brother, little brother love. This cake is a two teir round cake with the bottom teir being a 20cm caromello mud and the top teir being a 15cm white chocolate mud. Both teirs were covered in ganache and a thin layer of rolled fondant. The bottom teir was decorated with three different shades of blue stripes which I followed through to the cake board. The top teir was decorated with three different shades of blue spots in varying sizes. To top the cake I hand modelled two blue teddy bears, one smaller than the other being a big and little brother bear. The big brother bear is holding his blankie. I hope the boys had a lovely Christening Day!


text:
Current News / Harriet Harman MP hails Equality Act court ruling against Bedroom Tax
Harriet Harman MP hails Equality Act court ruling against Bedroom Tax
Posted by Harriet 5pc on January 28, 2016
Yesterday the Court of Appeal ruled that the Bedroom Tax, brought in by the Coalition Government, was unlawful and discriminatory. The Conservative Government are going to appeal to the Supreme Court but they should accept the court's ruling and not put the families who took their cases to court through any more misery. The Government should admit that their bedroom tax is unfair and unjust.
Harriet Harman MP said:
"This Conservative Government has been told by the Court of Appeal that the Bedroom tax is unlawful and discriminates against people with severe disabilities and victims of domestic violence. But it is still intending to waste public money on taking an appeal to the Supreme Court.
While it is disappointing that Labour is not in government and able to abolish the bedroom tax it is important that our Equality Bill is there to protect the hardest hit families.
I remain strongly against the bedroom tax and will continue to vote against it and in support of exceptions for people who need an extra room. It's wrong for the Government to impose financial hardship on low income families while giving tax cuts to millionaires.
3,233 families in Southwark, over 45,000 families in London and nearly half a million families across the country are being hit hard by the bedroom tax. In Southwark, tenants are paying over £1000 a year for a spare room in their homes. This is a considerable amount of money and especially for those on low incomes. The Government has been trying to justify this discriminatory policy by saying that it will shorten waiting lists, but with council houses being bought quicker than they are being built this is just not right.
Southwark Council has done their best to protect local people, but cuts by the Government to council funding are bringing councils across the country to their knees. This ruling doesn't end the bedroom tax for all, but it will be a welcome relief for some of Southwark's most needy families."


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text:
config.defaultProtocolVersion = 2

--[[ Required Shared libraries ]]
local actions = require("user_modules/sequences/actions")
local utils = require("user_modules/utils")
local test = require("user_modules/dummy_connecttest")
local commonPreconditions = require('user_modules/shared_testcases/commonPreconditions')
local mobile_session = require('mobile_session')

--[[ Module ]]
local m = actions

--[[ Variables ]]

--[[ @getPathToFileInStorage: Get path of app icon from storage
--! @parameters:
--! pFileName - Name of file
--! pAppId - application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! @return: app icon path
--]]
function m.getPathToFileInStorage(pFileName, pAppId)
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  return commonPreconditions:GetPathToSDL() .. "storage/"
    .. m.getConfigAppParams(pAppId).fullAppID .. "_"
    .. utils.getDeviceMAC() .. "/" .. pFileName
end

--[[ @getIconValueForResumption: Get path of app icon from storage
--! @parameters:
--! pAppId - application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! @return: app icon path
--]]
function m.getIconValueForResumption(pAppId)
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  return commonPreconditions:GetPathToSDL() .. m.sdl.getSDLIniParameter("AppIconsFolder") .. "/" .. m.getConfigAppParams(pAppId).fullAppID
end

--[[ @registerAppWOPTU: register mobile application
--! @parameters:
--! pAppId - application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! pIconResumed - apps icon was resumed at system or is not resumed
--! pReconnection - re-register mobile application
--! @return: none
--]]
function m.registerAppWOPTU(pAppId, pIconResumed, pReconnection)
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  local pIconValue
  if pIconResumed == true then pIconValue = m.getIconValueForResumption(pAppId) end
  local mobSession = m.getMobileSession(pAppId)
  local function RegisterApp()
    local corId = mobSession:SendRPC("RegisterAppInterface",
        config["application" .. pAppId].registerAppInterfaceParams)
      test.hmiConnection:ExpectNotification("BasicCommunication.OnAppRegistered", {
        application = {
          appName = config["application" .. pAppId].registerAppInterfaceParams.appName,
          icon = pIconValue
        }
      })
      :ValidIf(function(_,data)
        if false == pIconResumed and
          data.params.application.icon then
          return false, "BC.OnAppRegistered notification contains unexpected parameter: icon "
        end
        return true
      end)
      mobSession:ExpectResponse(corId, { success = true, resultCode = "SUCCESS", iconResumed = pIconResumed })
      :Do(function()
          mobSession:ExpectNotification("OnHMIStatus", {
            hmiLevel = "NONE", audioStreamingState = "NOT_AUDIBLE", systemContext = "MAIN"
          })
          mobSession:ExpectNotification("OnPermissionsChange")
        end)
    end
  if pReconnection == true then
    RegisterApp()
  else
    mobSession:StartService(7)
    :Do(function()
        RegisterApp()
      end)
  end
end

--[[ @unregisterAppInterface: Mobile application unregistration
--! @parameters:
--! pAppId - Application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! @return: none
--]]
function m.unregisterAppInterface(pAppId)
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  local mobSession = m.getMobileSession(pAppId)
  local corId = mobSession:SendRPC("UnregisterAppInterface", { })
  EXPECT_HMINOTIFICATION("BasicCommunication.OnAppUnregistered", {
    appID = m.getHMIAppId(pAppId), unexpectedDisconnect = false
  })
  mobSession:ExpectResponse(corId, { success = true, resultCode = "SUCCESS" })
end

--[[ @getPutFileAllParams: get all parameter for PutFile
--! @parameters: none
--! @return: parameters for PutFile
--]]
local function getPutFileAllParams()
  return {
    syncFileName = "icon.png",
    fileType = "GRAPHIC_PNG",
    persistentFile = false,
    systemFile = false,
    offset = 0,
    length = 11600
  }
end

--[[ @putFile: Successful processing PutFile RPC
--! @parameters:
--! pParamsSend - parameters for PutFile RPC
--! pFile - file will be used to send to SDL
--! pAppId - Application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! @return: none
--]]
function m.putFile(pParamsSend, pFile, pAppId)
  if pParamsSend then
    pParamsSend = pParamsSend
  else
    pParamsSend = getPutFileAllParams()
  end
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  local mobSession = m.getMobileSession(pAppId)
  local cid
  if pFile ~= nil then
    cid = mobSession:SendRPC("PutFile", pParamsSend, pFile)
  else
    cid = mobSession:SendRPC("PutFile", pParamsSend, "files/icon_png.png")
  end

  mobSession:ExpectResponse(cid, { success = true, resultCode = "SUCCESS" })
end

--[[ @setAppIcon: Successful Processing of SetAppIcon RPC
--! @parameters:
--! pParams - Parameters for SetAppIcon RPC
--! pAppId - Application number (1, 2, etc.)
--! @return: none
--]]
function m.setAppIcon(pParams, pAppId)
  if not pAppId then pAppId = 1 end
  local mobSession = m.getMobileSession(pAppId)
  local cid = mobSession:SendRPC("SetAppIcon", pParams.requestParams)
  pParams.requestUiParams.appID = m.getHMIAppId()
  EXPECT_HMICALL("UI.SetAppIcon", pParams.requestUiParams)
  :Do(function(_, data)
      m.getHMIConnection():SendResponse(data.id, data.method, "SUCCESS", {})
    end)
  mobSession:ExpectResponse(cid, { success = true, resultCode = "SUCCESS" })
end

--[[ @closeConnection: Close mobile connection successfully
--! @parameters: none
--! @return: none
--]]
function m.closeConnection()
  EXPECT_HMINOTIFICATION("BasicCommunication.OnAppUnregistered", { unexpectedDisconnect = true })
  actions.mobile.disconnect()
  actions.run.wait(1000)
end

--[[ @openConnection: Open mobile connection successfully
--! @parameters: none
--! return: none
--]]
function m.openConnection()
  actions.mobile.connect()
  :Do(function()
      m.mobile.createSession():StartRPC()
    end)
end

local preconditionsOrig = m.preconditions

--[[ @preconditions: Expand initial precondition with removing storage folder
--! @parameters: none
--! return: none
--]]
function m.preconditions()
  preconditionsOrig()
  local storage = commonPreconditions:GetPathToSDL() .. "storage/*"
  assert(os.execute("rm -rf " .. storage))
end

return m


text:
Salford Innovation Research Centre (SIRC)
The multi-disciplinary Salford Innovation and Research Centre (SIRC) aims to build on its world class research to provide the know-how and expertise in the advancement of the 21st century technology with the resultant impact on business success and economic growth at national and international level.
Based in the School of Science, Engineering and Environment, the centre is a dynamic and collaborative unit that currently comprises six internationally-recognised applied and pure research groups. The centre supports businesses and enterprise in the fields of physics, materials, robotics, engineering, informatics, acoustics and spray and petroleum technology.
Our research groups in engineering, informatics and materials and physics are world-renowned for producing cutting-edge research. Notable highlights include:
The Acoustics group is home to the most specialist acoustic facilities under one roof anywhere in the world. The facilities regularly engage government, military and the construction, motor and audio industries.
The Petroleum and Spray Research group won the THE 2014 Award for Outstanding Contribution to Innovation and Technology for our ground-breaking research into new aerosol spray technology.
The Autonomous Systems and Robotics group is leading in developing technology for the food industry and assisting people with dementia. Our research groups in engineering, informatics and materials and physics are world-renowned for producing cutting-edge research.
Salford Innovation Research Centre
Newton Building
M5 4NT
Research Centre Director
Ghasem Nasr
g.g.nasr@salford.ac.uk
Acoustics and audio research has been conducted at Salford since before 1965. Research is funded by research councils, national and international government bodies, and industry. Our research has fed into products that companies make and sell worldwide, as well as regulations and standards used in the UK, Europe and internationally.
We currently have 12 research active staff, 7 post-doctoral research fellows and a lively community of PhD students who have authored many prizewinning publications including two major texts on acoustics.
The acoustics laboratories are world class having been completely rebuilt in 2005 at a cost of £2.5M. They include a listening room, reverberation rooms, three anechoic chambers, an accredited calibration laboratory and state of the art equipment and instrumentation. Through the laboratories we are able to bring much of our fundamental research into real life applications.
The Acoustics Research Centre is the primary partner for Acoustics research in the BBC Audio Research Partnership.
In the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF), our acoustics research was singled out by the panel for Architecture and Built Environment. Outputs showed 'particular strengths in acoustics' and there was 'outstanding impact in acoustics for the built environment.' Our REF impact case study on Acoustics was used by EPSRC and the Royal Academy of Engineering to highlight the economic benefits of research.
More information about Acoustics research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (Acoustics)
Prof Trevor Cox
t.j.cox@salford.ac.uk
Tel: (0044) 0161 295 5474
Enquiries for specific areas of Acoustics research
Acoustics Measurements: Andy Elliott at a.s.elliott@salford.ac.uk.
Architectural and Building Acoustics: Trevor Cox at t.j.cox@salford.ac.uk.
Audio Engineering: Ben Shirley at b.g.shirley@salford.ac.uk.
Computer Modelling of Sound: John Hargreaves at j.a.hargreaves@salford.ac.uk
Environmental Noise and Vibration: David Waddington at d.c.waddington@salford.ac.uk.
Materials for Acoustics: Olga Umnova at o.umnova@salford.ac.uk.
Psychoacoustics: Bill Davies at w.davies@salford.ac.uk.
Public Engagement: Trevor Cox at t.j.cox@salford.ac.uk.
Vibro-acoustics: Andy Elliott at a.s.elliott@salford.ac.uk.
Autonomous Systems and Robotics
ASAR has internationally recognised research excellence in Robotics & Artificial Intelligence (RAI). It was appointed the home of the National Advanced Robotics Research Centre in 1987 and was the founding member of the Northern Robotics Network, which became the National Robotics Network (NRN). ASAR is a spoke of the EPSRC Future AI & Robotics for Space Hub, a UK national centre of research excellence in space robots and AI funded through the Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund.
ASAR is at the forefront of strategic research initiatives funded by the EPSRC, the EU Framework Programmes for R&I, UK Government Departments (BEIS and Defra) and industry.
Our research has been applied in a range of sectors including automotive and aerospace manufacturing, nuclear decommissioning, space exploration, food production, agriculture and in health and social care.
More information about Autonomous Systems and Robotics research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (ASAR)
The research in Engineering at Salford is diverse and covers a wide range of engineering subjects. We excel in a number of strategic areas of leading edge research in mechanical, electrical, civil and aeronautical engineering. Core members of the group are well known experts in their areas of research both nationally and internationally. Many of the academic members were returned in the REF2014 (research excellence framework) and their research output and impact on society were ranked highly in the assessment.
The Control and Systems Engineering (CASE) brings together a wealth of expertise that covers broad areas of advanced control and system engineering, and the core academic members of staff are internationally recognized researchers. Our philosophy for research is to seek not only theoretical advances in the related subjects, but also to explore innovative concepts and novel ideas for practical applications. Research is well funded, with support from EPSRC, TSB, DoH, MoD, Royal Society, European Commission, as well as excellent links with and direct funding from industry.
Our research excellence means that we have not only the highest calibre academics but also the first class facilities to support the leading edge research projects for both post-graduate studies and post-doctoral research.
More information about Engineering research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (Engineering)
Professor TX Mei
t.x.mei@salford.ac.uk
The Informatics Research Centre in the School of Computing, Science and Engineering at the University of Salford builds on the history, success and achievements of the research in Computer Science and Information Systems developed at the University of Salford over the last thirty years.
Evolving around Data and Information in all their types and usages, the Centre covers all phases and processes from data pre-processing to engineering and visualisation. The Centre is developing novel methods and systems for the analysis and recognition of various data sets, learning behaviours and causal models. The techniques and systems developed have a wide range of potential applications including digitisation of historical documents, medical diagnosis, semantic tagging, segmentation of types of viewers and their behaviours, text mining and retrieval and data visualisation.
Forensic computing, digital investigation and Cyber security is another area of expertise supported by the centre both at the theoretical and application levels.
More information about Informatics research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (Informatics)
Dr Julian Bass
J.Bass@salford.ac.uk
Materials and Physics
Members of this large and prestigious Research Group are drawn from experimental, computational and theoretical areas of physics, chemistry, engineering and mathematics. Our research focuses on applied optics, complexity and nonlinear photonics, hydrogen storage, photovoltaics, functionalization of graphene, semiconductor materials and thin films. Our well-equipped laboratories include various spectroscopy facilities (e.g. Raman, photoluminescence, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, spectrophotometry), chemical vapour deposition, high performance computing facilities, high pressure facilities (up to 2 Kbar high pressure gas facility and diamond anvil cells for experiments up to 1 Mbar), X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We are regular users at national and international facilities such as Diamond Light Source (www.diamond.ac.uk), ISIS (www.isis.stfc.ac.uk) and the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (www.esrf.eu).
More information about Materials and Physics research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (Materials & Physics)
Dr John Proctor
j.e.proctor@salford.ac.uk
Spray and Petroleum
The Spray Research Group (SRG) with its long-standing international reputation was formed by Professor Ghasem Nasr in mid 1990's. The Group has collaborated with over 120 multi-national companies on fundamental, applied research, innovation management and enterprise . New domestic aerosol valve spray using inert gases developed with a number of granted patents commercialized. The invention helps to reduce the harmful omissions to the environment that are currently produced through conventional butane led domestic aerosol cans, The Group won in November 2014 the Times Higher Education (THE) Award for "Outstanding Contribution to Innovation and Technology".
More information about Spray and Petroleum research at the University of Salford.
Head of Research Group (Spray and Petroleum)
Prof Ghasem Nasr
Human Movement Technologies
The group is led by three Professors, based in the schools of Health Sciences (Granat and Kenney) and Science, Engineering and Environment (Howard). Group members have a broad range of expertise, spanning biomedical engineering, medical instrumentation, biomechanics, gait analysis, activity monitoring, rehabilitation medicine, geriatrics, physiotherapy, public health, prosthetics and orthotics, health sciences, and psychology.Our group includes around ten academic members of staff, six research assistants/fellows and ten PhD students.
Our current research is supported by external grants worth well over £2million from NIHR, EPSRC and charities. Members of the group have well over 200 journal publications and we have been instrumental in setting up the new International Society for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour (www.ismpb.org) and the associated journal . Our group recently hosted the XV International Symposium on 3D Analysis of Human Movement(2018) and will host the Trent International Prosthetics Symposium (2019) – with Newcastle and Greenwich Universities.
More information about Human Movement Technologies research at the University of Salford.
Professor Malcolm Granat
m.h.granat@salford.ac.uk
Professor David Howard
d.howard@salford.ac.uk
Professor Laurence Kenney
l.p.j.kenney@Salford.ac.uk
Research into Industry
Search our Staff Directory


text:
The unnamed woman was in her mid-30s when she joined an ongoing clinical trial at Cleveland Clinic, exploring the possibility of uterus transplant to help her bear a child.
In late 2017, the patient underwent transplant surgery and received a uterus from a deceased donor. In late 2018, she conceived through in vitro fertilization, her medical team said.
"It was amazing how perfectly normal this delivery was, considering how extraordinary the occasion," said Cleveland Clinic transplant surgeon Dr. Andreas Tzakis.
"Through this research, we aim to make these extraordinary events ordinary for the women who choose this option. We are grateful to the donor and her family," Tzakis added. "Their generosity allowed our patient's dream to come true and a new baby to be born."
Specialists from many departments collaborated on the effort: transplant surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, fertility, neonatology, bioethics, psychiatry, nursing, anesthesiology, infectious disease, interventional radiology, patient advocacy and social work.
The baby's delivery is expected to be just the first of many, the Cleveland Clinic team said. So far, five uterus transplants have already been completed.
"Three transplants were successful and two resulted in hysterectomies," the clinic said. "Currently, two women are awaiting embryo transfers, while several more candidates are listed for transplant."
The clinic said their program seeks to eliminate risks to living donors by only sourcing the transplanted uterus from a deceased donor.
The U.S. Office on Women's Health has more on female infertility.
SOURCE: Cleveland Clinic, news release, July 9, 2019
Luteinizing Hormone (Blood)


text:
Samidoun Palestinian Prisoner Solidarity Network salutes the incisive work of The Mapping Project, a newly announced initiative that makes clear the links between repressive...
US' intensified pivot to Asia a threat to peace, hastens the possibility of outright war
Asia Pacific Research Network - June 14, 2022
It is common knowledge that the United States has unapologetically been involving itself in the affairs of other nations. Their pervasive pursuit tIt is...
Ka Oris Lives On!
Friends in Canada - November 16, 2021
By the Friends of the Filipino People's Struggle (FFPS) Vancouver Vancouver, BC (Nov 7) -- In memory of revolutionary leader Jorge "Ka Oris" Madlos, members of...
In the last week, the Texas Heartbeat Bill was passed. Many will make you think that this bill will only affect women. However, the...
Infographics: Biden's Response to the Taliban Takeover
ILPS US - August 25, 2021
Here are some updates compiled by the ILPS US on the US government's response to the Taliban resurgence in Afghanistan:
The Taliban and the U.S. War on Afghanistan
ILPS US| With everything going on in Afghanistan right now, we have put together some info and analysis on how U.S. imperialism is directly...
The Delta Variant and Vaccines
Updates and analysis on the current situation with the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. As healthcare workers continue to work tirelessly to keep people...
Honoring Black August
ILPS US - August 5, 2021
Black August is a commemoration and continuance of Black resistance in the United States and recognizes the sacrifices of Black radicals in the struggle...
Stop the Trans Mountain Pipeline Project! Protect Indigenous Peoples Rights and the Environment!
International Indigenous Peoples Movement for Self-Determination and Liberation - July 30, 2021
As early as 2018, First Nation communities have fiercely resisted the Trans Mountain Pipeline and its expansion project. Through barricades and solidarity protests, Indigenous communities, Indigenous...
7 July 2021 – Migratory flows in the Americas/Flujos migratorios en las Américas
International Association of Democratic Lawyers - July 9, 2021
Large flows of migrants are constantly crossing the American continent. Increasing numbers of people are forced to leave their homes due to a variety...


text:
Q: Should I worry of memory leaks using server sent events? Recently I found this technology: server sent events
and I would like to use it with my backend code in node.js
I wanted to know, if It can cause a memory leaks?
Perhaps if it can open multiple connections to the same user?
Or if .close() wasn't called?

A: Server sent events in Node definitely do not cause memory leaks.
If you want to see an example of how to implement them I have written a two part blog post about exactly that.

*

*Part 1

*Part 2

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


AKRON: A rally and fundraiser for the family of missing Akron resident Taylor Robinson will be at 6:30 p.m. today at the Community Fellowship Chapel.
The event, Hope for Taylor, is being hosted by MOMS (Mothers on a Mission) at the church at 951 Virginia Ave.
Robinson, 19, has been missing for eight weeks.
She was last seen by her mother May 3 when she was dropped off at a Kipling Street home where Robinson worked as a private health care aide.
The FBI is assisting Akron police in the investigation.
Today�s event is designed to raise public awareness of Robinson�s disappearance and raise money to help the family retain a private investigator.
The group welcomes all clergy, ministers of music, choirs, soloists to join them.
For additional information about the event, call 347-786-1879 or contact the Community Fellowship Chapel at 330-724-2454.
AKRON: An Akron man kicked out of a bar Wednesday night returned and used a pool stick to attack a patron, police said.
Bradley Sherman, 25, was wanted by police on a felonious assault warrant.
His whereabouts were unknown Thursday.
Police said Sherman was asked to leave the King Sportsman Tavern, 1402 W. Waterloo Road, about 9 p.m. Wednesday after a bartender said he tried to take beer outside.
Sherman returned a short time later with two other men and used a cue stick to attack a 55-year-old Barberton man seated at the bar, police said.
The patron suffered a severe cut to his head and was treated at Summa Barberton Hospital.
A 53-year-old man who tried to help the victim was struck with a cue stick by one of the men who accompanied Sherman into the bar, according to a police report.
Paramedics treated the second victim at the scene.
Anyone with information about Sherman�s whereabouts is asked to contact Akron police at 330-375-2181.
Anonymous tips for this or any crime can be left at http://ci.akron.oh.us/ASP/tip.html.
AKRON: Russel Neal Jr., the Ward 4 councilman, has canceled a meeting he had scheduled for Tuesday.
No new date was announced.
AKRON: The first Derby Downs 5K Run/Walk on July 21 will kick off festivities for the 76th FirstEnergy All-American Soap Box Derby.
The 5K will start at 9 a.m. on George Washington Boulevard outside the Topside area near the Derby Downs track.
The course will continue on the grounds adjacent to Derby Downs and end at the finish line of the 989-foot track.
After the foot race, all 5K participants will have the chance to pilot a Soap Box Derby car down the track.
Awards will be given to the top five overall male and female 5K runners and 5K walkers, as well as category awards.
All participants will receive a goody bag and two tickets to the derby race on July 27.
Registration for the run and walk will be $25; to register, visit www.aasbd.org.
Following the 5K race, the Derby Downs track will be open to the public from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. for fun runs down in adult-sized cars provided by the Derby.
The cost will be $20.
Proceeds from the 5K race and the public race car runs will benefit the derby, an Akron-based nonprofit that organizes gravity racing events for children and teens.
AKRON: A campaign kickoff for Eugene Norris, who is running for City Council in Ward 4, will be from 9 to 10:30 a.m. Saturday at Edgar�s Restaurant, 530 Nome Ave.
For additional information about the event, call 330-835-9658.
CUYAHOGA FALLS: An alert resident�s call to police Wednesday resulted in the arrest of two people charged with operating a methamphetamine lab.
Brian P. Sandella, 29, and Gemma Matthews, 27, were charged with one count each of illegal manufacture of drugs, illegal assembly of chemicals used in the manufacturing of drugs and child endangering.
Police said a resident noticed a woman dumping suspicious items in the west alley near Marcia Avenue just before 2:30 p.m.
Investigating officers found items used in the manufacturing of methamphetamine.
Armed with a search warrant, police and members of the Summit County Drug Unit raided a home in the 2200 block of 23rd Street, where they found other evidence.
A child in the home was turned over to a relative.
A hazardous waste disposal contractor removed the hazardous waste found at the scene.
Sandella and Matthews are expected to appear in court today.
Police Chief Tom Pozza praised the caller for contacting police after seeing something that didn�t seem right.
�This is a great example of �See something, say something,�?� Pozza said.
CUYAHOGA FALLS: The Cuyahoga Falls Police Department has teamed up with Dairy Queen, at 715 Portage Trail, to reward children who follow safety rules during the summer months.
Chief Tom Pozza said officers who spot a child crossing in a crosswalk, wearing a bike helmet or displaying other safe behaviors can issue a �ticket� for a free small ice cream cone.
Dairy Queen owner Karl Warther thinks it�s a great program.
�I look forward to partnering with police and the city on future programs,� he said.
GREEN: Purple martin enthusiasts are invited to help feed and band young birds during the 12th annual Buckeye Martinfest from 2 to 4 p.m. Saturday at the North Reservoir Boat Launch Ramp on State Mill Road.
Guests can view more than 125 purple martin nests and participate in games and crafts.
The Portage Lakes Purple Martin Association, sponsors of the event, was formed in 2000 to attract birds and help control insects in the Portage Lakes and reduce the use of insecticides.
For additional information, contact Larry Hunter at 330-644-1540.
LAFAYETTE TWP.: State Route 162, just west of Carsten Road, will close Monday for a culvert replacement, the Ohio Department of Transportation said.
The road is expected to reopen Wednesday.
The detour route involves U.S. 42, state Route 421 and state Route 83.
NORTH CANTON: A proposed charter amendment that seeks to make the mayor�s job full time moved closer to the ballot Thursday when 973 signatures from North Canton residents were submitted for verification.
A total of 744 valid signatures are needed to qualify the issue for the fall ballot.
If approved, the change would become effective with the mayoral election in November 2015.
PLAIN TWP.: The Plain Board of Education approved temporary appropriations for the 2013-2014 school year at a special meeting Thursday.
The appropriations totaled more than $61 million for fiscal year 2013 and nearly $28.4 million for fiscal year 2014.
Final appropriations will be presented for approval at the board�s September meeting.
The board also accepted the resignation of GlenOak Academy Principal Mark Filicky.
AKRON: State Sen. Nina Turner, D-Cleveland, will be guest speaker at the Akron Urban League�s next Urban Issues Luncheon, 11:45 a.m. July 10.
Turner serves as minority whip and ranking member of the Insurance and Financial Institutions Committee.
She is a board member of the Great Lakes Science Center, the United Way of Greater Cleveland and the Cleveland Police Foundation.
The luncheon will be at the Urban League, 440 Vernon Odom Blvd.
Proceeds benefit the Urban League.
Forms are available at www.akronurbanleague.org.
For additional details, call 234-542-4156 or email smyricks@akronurbanleague.org.


One day you may become an ex-prime minister, but you will never become an ex-poet.
I wear the same outfit or, at least, a different copy of it almost every day.
the idea that my roommates and I talked about all the time was a world that was more open.
Education is the best friend.
The fragrance of flowers spreads only in the direction of the wind.
But the goodness of a person spreads in all directions.
Love always elevates the character of man.
It never lowers him, provided love be love.
you cannot kill the ideas.
shoulders are used only at the time of a funeral.
??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??
?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??
????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??
?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???
?? ?? ???? ???????????? ?? ?? ??
which can utilize existing material to the best advantage.
my colleagues are not happy and my shareholders are not happy and my customers are not happy.
And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking.
Don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it.
the teacher is the most important.
If you go back to 1800, everybody was poor.
?? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????
??? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??
??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??
?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??
?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??
????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??
End is not the end in fact E.N.D. means "Effort Never Dies".


text:
Q: UISegmentControl Programmatically segments frame I'm using a segment control in the following manner.
    CGFloat segmentWidth = 70;
    CGFloat segmentHeight = 40;
    NSMutableArray *arr = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    for (HCIPGRentDetail *object in self.pgHouse.rents) {
        [arr addObject:object.roomTypeId];
    }
    UISegmentedControl *sharingSegmentControl = [[UISegmentedControl alloc] initWithItems:arr];
    [sharingSegmentControl setApportionsSegmentWidthsByContent:YES];
    sharingSegmentControl.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, self.pgHouse.rents.count * segmentWidth, segmentHeight);
    for (int i = 0; i < sharingSegmentControl.numberOfSegments; i++) {
        [sharingSegmentControl setWidth:segmentWidth forSegmentAtIndex:i];
        [sharingSegmentControl setTitle:arr[i] forSegmentAtIndex:i];
    }
    sharingSegmentControl.center = CGPointMake(self.view.center.x, currentHeight + sharingSegmentControl.frame.size.height/2);
    currentHeight += sharingSegmentControl.frame.size.height;
    [sharingSegmentControl.layer setBorderColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor];
    [sharingSegmentControl.layer setBorderWidth:1.0f];
    [sharingSegmentControl setSelectedSegmentIndex:0];
    [sharingSegmentControl setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blueColor]];
    [sharingSegmentControl setSegmentedControlStyle:UISegmentedControlStyleBar];
    [self.mainScrollView addSubview:sharingSegmentControl];

It just displays the segment control with blue colour background and red colour, the segments get a frame (debugger) like {{0,0},{0,29}}. Doesn't understand what I'm missing.
The debugger says this
<__NSArrayM 0x1411be30>(
<UISegment: 0x1411bd60; frame = (0 0; 0 29); opaque = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x1411bd30>>,
<UISegment: 0x1411a1c0; frame = (0 0; 0 29); opaque = NO; layer = <CALayer: 0x1411b220>>
)

A: I copied your code and edited it just a bit, so this works for me :
CGFloat segmentWidth = 70;
CGFloat segmentHeight = 40;

UISegmentedControl *sharingSegmentControl = [[UISegmentedControl alloc] initWithItems:@[@"AAA", @"BBB"]];
//[sharingSegmentControl setApportionsSegmentWidthsByContent:YES];
sharingSegmentControl.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, sharingSegmentControl.numberOfSegments * segmentWidth, segmentHeight);
for (int i = 0; i < sharingSegmentControl.numberOfSegments; i++) {
    [sharingSegmentControl setWidth:segmentWidth forSegmentAtIndex:i];
    //[sharingSegmentControl setTitle:arr[i] forSegmentAtIndex:i];
}
[sharingSegmentControl.layer setBorderColor:[UIColor redColor].CGColor];
[sharingSegmentControl.layer setBorderWidth:1.0f];
[sharingSegmentControl setSelectedSegmentIndex:0];
[sharingSegmentControl setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blueColor]];
[sharingSegmentControl setSegmentedControlStyle:UISegmentedControlStyleBar];
[self.view addSubview:sharingSegmentControl];

A: Turns out that tint colour was the problem. Maybe segment control take the tint colour default as clear colour or so.
Somehow, when I just set the tint colour. I got the frame correct, the display correct.


text:
Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998
Jingyun Fang1,*,
Anping Chen1,
Changhui Peng2,
Shuqing Zhao1,
Longjun Ci3
1 Department of Urban and Environmental Science, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
2 Ministry of Natural Resources, Ontario Forest Research Institute, 1235 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada, and Faculty of Forestry and The Forest Environment, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada.
3 Institute of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Science 22 Jun 2001:
Jingyun Fang
Anping Chen
Changhui Peng
Shuqing Zhao
Longjun Ci
The location and mechanisms responsible for the carbon sink in northern mid-latitude lands are uncertain. Here, we used an improved estimation method of forest biomass and a 50-year national forest resource inventory in China to estimate changes in the storage of living biomass between 1949 and 1998. Our results suggest that Chinese forests released about 0.68 petagram of carbon between 1949 and 1980, for an annual emission rate of 0.022 petagram of carbon. Carbon storage increased significantly after the late 1970s from 4.38 to 4.75 petagram of carbon by 1998, for a mean accumulation rate of 0.021 petagram of carbon per year, mainly due to forest expansion and regrowth. Since the mid-1970s, planted forests (afforestation and reforestation) have sequestered 0.45 petagram of carbon, and their average carbon density increased from 15.3 to 31.1 megagrams per hectare, while natural forests have lost an additional 0.14 petagram of carbon, suggesting that carbon sequestration through forest management practices addressed in the Kyoto Protocol could help offset industrial carbon dioxide emissions.
Recent studies have shown that the mid- and high-latitude forests in the Northern Hemisphere are functioning as a significant sink for C (1–4). These findings have been confirmed by several studies, mainly from North America and European countries using forest inventories (5–8). A long history of agricultural exploitation, forest management practice, and changing land use and forestry policies suggest that China, too, plays an important role in the global C cycle (9, 10). China has 133.7 million hectares of forested land (11) that range from tropical forests in the south to boreal forests in the north. Nationwide afforestation and reforestation programs have been in effect since the 1970s. To reduce the uncertainty in estimating C sinks, well-designed and statistically sound national forest inventories over the long term, combined with direct field measurements of C stocks from local sample plots, may provide the best data sources for accurately quantifying C sinks and their dynamics at large scales.
Here, we used the National Forest Resource Inventory database for China collected from 1949 to 1998 for 5- to 10-year periods (11,12) and a forest biomass database obtained from direct field measurements (13, 14) to estimate forest biomass C storage and its spatiotemporal distributions. The forest inventory database is based on the Forest Resource Inventory of China (FRIC), which spans seven periods: 1949, 1950–62, 1973–76, 1977–81, 1984–88, 1989–93, and 1994–98 (11, 12, 15). These inventories, excluding FRIC from 1949 which was derived from an assessment report (11, 16), were compiled from more than 250,000 plots (160,000 permanent sample plots plus 90,000 temporary sample plots) across the country. Systematic sampling with a grid of 2 km by 2 km or 4 km by 4 km and an area of 10 m by 10 m was used depending on forest region. Forest area and timber volume by age class as well as by forest type were documented at provincial levels. Unfortunately, these forest inventories do not provide detailed information about forest biomass; only the commercial portion (such as timber volume) is available. To use timber data to estimate all forest biomass, a biomass expansion factor (BEF, defined as the ratio of all stand biomass to growing stock volume), which converts timber volume to mass and accounts for noncommercial components, such as branches, roots, and leaves, must be calculated. The forest biomass database obtained from direct field measurements (17) was used to determine BEF values for each forest type using a literature review of forest biomass studies in China (14).
Recent studies (8, 13, 18, 19) suggest that BEF is not constant, but varies with forest age, site class, stand density, and other biotic and abiotic factors that are closely associated with relative stand density, and can be expressed as a function of timber volume. Here, we used a function expressed as BEF = a + b/x, to obtain a variable BEF value for each forest type, where x is timber volume anda and b are constants for a forest type (13) (Table 1). Using the method published by Fang et al. (13), forest inventory data, and parameters listed in Table 1, forest biomass (including all living trees and shrubs) for each forest type was calculated at both provincial and national levels for all seven periods (20).
Parameters used to calculate biomass expansion factor (BEF). BEF is expressed as a function of stand timber volume (x), BEF = a +b/x, where a and b are constants for a forest type. Data are based on direct field measurements.
Total forest biomass C (Table 2) decreased from 5.06 Pg of C (Pg C) in 1949 to 4.38 Pg C in 1977–81, and then increased by 4.75 Pg C over the period 1980–98, mainly due to changes in land use, population growth, and economic policy changes. Since the new social system was established in 1949, rapidly increasing population and economic development have resulted in increased forest exploitation across the country (11). By 1949, Chinese forests accumulated the largest C storage (5.06 Pg C) and area-weighted mean C density (49.45 Mg ha−1), due to a larger area of primary forests that have high biomass density. Since then, forest C storage has significantly decreased by 0.68 Pg C, with a mean rate of 0.022 Pg C year−1 (ranging from 0.01 to 0.04 Pg C year−1) from 1949 to the end of the 1970s. For this period, the policy of forest exploitation led to soil erosion, widespread desertification, loss of biodiversity, land degradation, and catastrophic flooding (21). Since the 1970s, however, the Chinese government has implemented several ecological restoration projects, including the Three-North Protective Forest Program, South China Timber Production Program, Rivers Protection Forest Program (22), and the Natural Forest Conservation Program (21). Consequently, forests in China have accumulated about 0.4 Pg C with an annual mean rate of 0.021 Pg C (ranging from 0.011 to 0.035 Pg C) during the past two decades (Table 2). The increasing C accumulation over this period is primarily the result of increased afforestation and reforestation (Table 2). Areas planted through afforestation and reforestation programs have expanded from 12.74 × 106 to 17.39 × 106 ha for the period 1970–80 to 23.11 × 106 ha in 1994–98, and forest C sequestration has increased from 0.27 to 0.72 Pg C, with a total C uptake of 0.45 Pg and a mean increased rate of 0.020 Pg C year−1 (Table 2) during this time. Forest C density during this period has increased linearly from 15.32 Mg C ha−1 for 1973–76 to 31.11 Mg C ha−1 during the 1994–98 period, with a mean increased C uptake of 0.72 Mg ha−1 year−1.
Area, total C, and C accumulation rate for all forests, and planted and natural forests for seven periods from 1949 to 1998 in China. The variables of natural forests were differences between those of all forests and planted forests. Carbon content is converted from biomass using a factor of 0.5. No information on planted forests is available before the mid-1970s. Data from Taiwan were not included in this study. Dashes indicate data that were not collected.
To compare the contribution of planted and natural forests to C accumulation or loss, we also present total area and C content of natural forests (Table 2), which are the differences between those of all forests and planted forests since the mid-1970s. No clear changes in the area (ranging from 82.70 × 106 to 87.30 × 106 ha) and C storage (ranging from 3.9 to 4.2 Pg C) of natural forests were evident during this period, compared to planted forests. Because over this period all forests and planted forests have sequestered 0.31 Pg C (Table 2) and 0.45 Pg C (Table 2), respectively, natural forests have lost an additional 0.14 Pg C. However, natural forests have become a small C sink of 0.1 Pg during the past decade (Table 2).
There is considerable spatial (or regional) and temporal variability in forest C storage and C densities in China (Fig. 1, A and B). About 28 to 35% of forest C storage occurs in the southwestern region (including the provinces of Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou), followed by 24 to 31% in the northeastern region (e.g., Helongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces). As expected, eastern and southeastern regions that have higher population densities and northern and northwestern regions that are arid have only a small portion of the C pool and low C density. In some regions, spatial patterns of C storage and density showed a large temporal variation. For example, forest C storage in the northwestern and northern regions has significantly increased (Fig. 1A), probably as a result of increased area afforested through the Three-North Protective Forest Program (22). Similar to C storage, higher C densities (e.g., 50 to 70 Mg ha−1) were also found in the southwest and northeast of China, which are dominated by boreal forests or subalpine coniferous forests (includingPicea, Abies, and Larix) with high biomass production. As expected, forests in the central and eastern regions, with a high proportion of plantations (31 to 40%) have lower C densities (e.g., 23 to 35 Mg ha−1). This may reflect differing stand age factors (23) or perhaps greater human disturbance in these regions, which have dense population and are undergoing rapid economic development.
Spatiotemporal distribution of (A) total forest biomass C storage and (B) C density in China. The numbers 1 through 7 represent the periods 1949, 1950–62, 1973–76, 1977–81, 1984–88, 1989–93, and 1994–98, respectively.
Although the mid- and high-latitude forests in the Northern Hemisphere greatly contribute to the terrestrial C sink, the magnitude of forest C sinks and their spatial distributions are still controversial (2, 24–26). Continental-scale comparison of C fluxes estimated using an atmospheric inverse model, terrestrial ecosystem models, and forest inventories often provide conflicting results. For example, analyses of the North American terrestrial C sink have indicated large annual variations, ranging from 0.05 to 0.17 (25) or 0.08 (27) to 1.7 Pg (2). Differences in data sources or parameters used for model simulation and estimation at different temporal and spatial scales are likely sources of uncertainty (25, 28). A narrow range of annual U.S. C sink from 0.08 to 0.35 Pg, which was estimated using inventory records (4,6), indicates that inventory-based estimation of forest C at both regional and national scales may help to reduce the uncertainties in accurately evaluating the role of forests in regional and global C budgets. Our results, derived from 50-year monitoring at a national level, show that during the past two decades there is a mean C uptake of 0.021 Pg C year−1 by Chinese forests, planted forests have accumulated 0.72 Pg total C, and their C densities have increased by about 0.72 Mg C ha−1 year−1(29). The estimated C sink in China is comparable to that of North American forests, because the area and total C pool of Chinese forests are only half and one-third of those of the conterminous United States, respectively (30).
In addition, our results provide evidence to support the proposal addressed by the Kyoto Protocol that C sequestered by afforestation or reforestation could partly offset CO2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption, even though the increased C uptake is viewed as temporary reservoirs (31, 32). The Kyoto Protocol does not require commitments from developing countries, including China, but recent decreases in the rate of deforestation in China have already contributed to reduced CO2 emissions (Table 2). We believe that continuing the practice of nationwide afforestation and reforestation projects could contribute significantly to global terrestrial C sinks.
↵* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jyfang{at}urban.pku.edu.cn
R. K. Dixon
, Science 263, 185 (1994).
S. Fan
S. C. Wofsy
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R. A. Houghton,
J. L. Hackler,
K. T. Lawrence
E. Kauppi,
K. Mielikainen,
K. Kuusela
, Science 256, 70 (1992).
R. A. Birdsey, L. S. Heath, in Climate Change and the Productivity of America's Forests, L. A. Joyce, Ed. (USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-228, Fort Collins, CO, 1995), pp. 1–164.
D. P. Turner,
G. J. Koerper,
M. E. Harmon,
J. J. Lee
, Ecol. Appl. 5, 421 (1995).
S. L. Brown,
P. E. Schroeder
J. Y. Fang, G. H. Liu, S. L. Xu, in Studies on Emissions and their Mechanisms of Greenhouse Gases in China, G. C. Wang, Y. P. Wen Eds. (China Environment Science Publishers, Beijing, 1996), pp. 81–149.
C. H. Peng,
M. J. Apps
, Tellus B 49, 393 (1997).
Department of Forest Resource and Management, Chinese Ministry of Forestry, Forest Resources of China 1949–93 (Department of Forest Resource and Management, Chinese Ministry of Forestry, Beijing, 1996).
Chinese Ministry of Forestry, Forest Resource Statistics of China for Periods 1950–62, 1973–76, 1977–81, 1984–88, 1989–93, and 1994–98 (Department of Forest Resource and Management, Chinese Ministory of Forestry, Beijing, 1965, 1977, 1982, 1989, 1994, and 1999).
J. Y. Fang,
G. G. Wang,
G. H. Liu,
S. L. Xu
, Ecol. Appl. 8, 1084 (1998).
J. Y. Fang, A. P. Chen, Forest Biomass Database of China, Technical Report (The Center for Ecological Research & Education, Peking University, Beijing, 2000), pp. 1–50.
In China, both the definition and timber volume measurement of forests are based on technical standards of the Forestry Ministry of China [Forestry Ministry of China, Technical Standards for Forest Resource Measurement (China Forestry Publishing Press, Beijing, 1983)]. According to these standards, forests are divided into natural, secondary, and planted forests, all of which have more than 30% coverage; timber volume measurements are conducted as follows: all trees with a diameter at breast height (1.3 m) (DBH) >4 cm are measured in every sample plot, and stand timber volume is calculated by adding the volume of all individual trees within a plot.
Forest inventory data for 1949 were not obtained from a direct survey across the country, but were derived from estimates of forest area and timber volume for major forest types for all provinces, based on forest resource statistics and forest timber records obtained from some regions, and literature reviews conducted by the Forestry Ministry of China (1996) (11).
These field measurements provided biotic factors [stand types, species composition, stand age, stand density, tree height, DBH, basal area, stem volume, and biomass (dry mass) of different tree components], abiotic factors (e.g., climatic variables, soil type, and topography), localities (place name, latitude, longitude, and altitude), and the size of sample plots. Stem volume for individual trees and stand volume were calculated in the same way as in the forest inventory survey.
S. Brown,
A. E. Lugo
, Interciencia 17, 8 (1992).
P. Schroeder,
J. Mo,
R. Birdsey,
C. Cieszewski
, For. Sci. 43, 424 (1997).
Based on the function BEF = a + b/x in Table 1 and forest inventory data, total forest biomass (Y) of each forest type was calculated for each age class (k = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), site class (j = 1, 2, 3), and province (i = 1, 2, … , 31) from mean stand timber volume (x ijk) and its area (A ijk),
The area-weighted mean biomass (y) of each forest type was calculated using the equation
where A is the total area of each forest type.
P. Zhang
The Three-North Protective Forest Program: This program started in 1978 and covers an area of 410 × 104 km2, 41% of the total area of the country, across from the western part of the northeast region, the northern area of north China, and most of the northwest region (thus, Three-North) where annual precipitation is generally less than 400 mm. The Rivers Protective Forest Project: At the end of the 1980s, China has reforested along its main rivers, including the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle of the Yellow River, the Zhuhai River valley, and the Liaohe River valley. The South China Timber Program: Mainly funded by the World Bank, China has begun to implement a large afforestation plan in South China since the mid-1980s, including the provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, and Hainan, to meet increasing timber demand.
W. A. Kurz,
C. B. Field,
I. Y. Fung
E. A. Holland
, Science 283, 1815a (1999).
J. L. Hackler
, Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 9, 125 (2000).
D. Schimel
E.-D. Schulze
Current estimates of C sinks in Chinese forests may be underestimated slightly because forest inventories are of net removals. Some removals go into long-lived products (e.g., furniture, housing, and building materials) removed from forest ecosystems. However, removals were estimated to be <2 to 3% of total biomass stocks in China [W. H. Li, F. Li, Eds., Research of Forest Resources in China (China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, 1996)].
Forest area and total forest biomass C are 200.7 × 106 ha and 12.1 Pg C for the conterminous United States (7), and 102 × 106 to 109 × 106 ha and 4.4 to 4.8 Pg C for China, respectively, during last two decades (based on the present study).
IGBP Terrestrial Carbon Working Group
B. Schlamadinger, T. Karjalainen, in A Special Report of the IPCC: Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry, R. Watson et al., Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2000), pp. 127–180.
We thank S. Brown, L. Buse, and R. Houghton for their valuable comments on an earlier draft, and J. J. Chen for assistance in inventory data collection. This research was supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan (G2000046801) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (39425003 and 40024101) to J.Y.F. C.H.P. acknowledges the support of the Ontario Climate Change Program of Ministry of Natural Resources.
You are going to email the following Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998
By Jingyun Fang, Anping Chen, Changhui Peng, Shuqing Zhao, Longjun Ci
Science 22 Jun 2001 : 2320-2322


text:
fur
=======

## What is fur ?

fur is just a simple web server api, to make things less repetitive.
No revolution of any kind in this package, just a simple way to build your
Web application basics. fur isn't trying to be a framework at all!
It is more of a toolkit (e.g [Gorilla](https://github.com/gorilla/mux)).

## Changes

- Support URL Variables ` fur.AddRoute("/home/:id", Handler) `

- Remove the log argument from ` fur.NewServer() `, you can use your own logger or if you need a simple one you can use ` middle.Logger() `. You just have to use it in ` fur.Stack() `, if you want to use it on every handler.

- Now you can provide your own Multiplexer, you just need to implement the simple Plex interface.
If you want to use [bone](https://github.com/squiidz/bone) which support url variables, you can use ` fur.NewServerMux() `instead of
` fur.NewServer() `.

## Features

- Middleware Chaining.
- Global Middleware declaration.
- Shorter version, for static file serving.
- Server instance as a Struct.
- Force a HTTP method on a route.
- Chaining Options on the Server at Creation.
- Simple Context Struct

![alt tag](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Marmota.jpg)

## Example
```go
package main

import "github.com/squiidz/fur"

func main() {
	// You can use ` fur.NewServerMux() ` if you want the default ` bone.Mux `.
	server := fur.NewServer("localhost", ":8080", yourMux, option1, option2)
	// Set Global Middleware
	server.Stack(GlobalMiddleWare)

	// Serve Static files
	server.AddStatic("/public/", "../public")

	// Add multiple routes with chaining middleware, http Method and url variables
	server.AddRoute("/home", HomeHandler, Middleware1, Middleware2)
	server.AddRoute("/home/:id", DefaultHandler, MiddleWare3).Get()
	server.AddRoute("/data", DataHandler).Post()

	// Start Listening
	server.Start()
}

// Get the :id value
func GetUrlVar(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
	value := req.URL.Query().Get("id")
	rw.Write([]byte(value))
}

```

## Middlewares and Options
Every function that has the signature ` func (next http.Handler) http.Handler ` can be passed as a MiddleWare.
Or pass a ` func (rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) ` to ` fur.Mutate() `.

Every function that has the signature ` func (s *fur.Server) ` can be passed as a Option.

## Context

- Import ``` github.com/squiidz/fur/context ```
- Create a New Context with ``` cont := context.NewContext(req) ```
- Set some Key/Value ``` cont.Set("key", "value") ```
- Find the already created context ``` cont := context.FindContext(req) ```
- Retrive the key ``` cont.Get("key") ```

- Check the example folder if you want to see it in action.

## Next features
- Context Variables [DONE]
- Shortway static files serving [DONE]
- Add Global Middleware [DONE]
- Force HTTP method on Route [DONE]
- Refactoring

## Contributing

1. Fork it
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
3. Write Tests!
4. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
5. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
6. Create new Pull Request

## License
MIT


text:
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Neengalum Vellalam Oru Kodi
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Way2Movies
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WMAC MASTERS EPISODE 1
prxsanna The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hindu, the latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River.
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Retrieved 5 May VimalAnjali velallam, Shiva and Oviya [35]. As a child artist, she sang in films and appeared in a guest role in her fathers Hey Ram, before making her acting debut in the unsuccessful Bollywood film. The skeletal remains of an Early Iron Age chief were excavated in Anaikoddai, the name Ko Veta is engraved in Brahmi script on a seal buried with the skeleton and is assigned by the excavators to the 3rd century BCE. The poetry was translated by Kerala Varma as Abhijnanasakuntalam.
The Times of Episoce. It was a really enriching and rewarding experience to get trained under Siddhartha Basu, with suppo Suhasini and Mohan [44]. Jayam Ravi and M.
ARUMOSAM WAHI SINHALA FULL MOVIE
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OGUAN HWEFO GHANAIAN MOVIE


Gang-related homicides have risen in California, according to a recent report, but local law enforcement agencies aren't reporting the same spike in numbers.
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Although the number of gang-related killings has risen statewide, it has remained flat locally.
The sheriff's gang-suppression teams have gone a long way toward keeping gang-related violence at bay, he said.
The city of San Bernardino saw four gang-related homicides in 2009 and six in 2010, said police Lt. Gwen Waters. Those numbers do not show a dramatic change, she said.
"The criteria for that is that the killing was directly related to gang activity, not just people who happened to be gang members and the killing was over something else like a personal dispute over a girl," she said.
Police departments in Rialto, Fontana and Redlands have also reported no significant growth or decline in gang-related homicide statistics in 2009 and 2010.
But that doesn't mean gangs are dormant in San Bernardino County, said Mike Martinez, a detective with the sheriff's gang team.
They're just getting smarter about the way they do business. Gang members are becoming more mobile, Martinez said.
In April, sheriff's investigators arrested eight men in Victorville, Apple Valley, Hesperia and Indio on suspicion of participation in a criminal street gang, among other charges.
Victorville City Manager James L. Cox said his city is dealing with a spike in crime aided by a surge in low-cost housing.
State gang investigators met May 19 and 20 in San Bernardino at a workshop designed to give investigators an edge as they work to prevent the spread of Latino street gangs across Southern California.
Investigators spent much of the workshop sharing information, Martinez said. Investigators need to stay ahead of the curve as gangs get better at networking, he said.
"In my opinion, gangs are so transitional and they move from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and are good at networking among themselves," Martinez said. "The only way for us to combat that is for us to network with sister agencies.