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Meersenf (Cakile) ist eine Gattung in der Familie der Kreuzblütengewächse (Brassicaceae).

Beschreibung

Erscheinungsbild, Wurzeln und Blätter
Meersenf-Arten sind meist einjährige, selten ausdauernde krautige Pflanzen, die Wuchshöhen von bis zu 0,8 Meter erreichen. Die Pfahlwurzeln können verholzen und besitzen relativ lange horizontale Seitenwurzeln. Es sind meist kahle, dickliche, sukkulente Strandpflanzen. Die oberirdischen Pflanzenteile sind kahl oder manchmal spärlich flaumig behaart. Die aufrechten, aufsteigenden, spreizenden oder niederliegenden Stängel sind an ihrer Basis verzweigt.

Die wechselständig und spiralig am Stängel angeordneten Laubblätter sind meist gestielt und besitzen eine oft fleischige und einfache bis doppelt fiederspaltige Blattspreite. Die Blattränder sind glatt, gewellt, gekerbt, gezähnt oder gesägt. Nebenblätter fehlen.

Generative Merkmale
Viele Blüten stehen in erst schirmtraubigen später bis zur Fruchtreife sich durch Streckung der Blütenstandsachse verlängernde traubigen Blütenständen zusammen. Die gestielten, zwittrigen Blüten sind vierzählig. Die vier Kelchblätter sind aufrecht. Die vier weißen bis violetten Kronblätter sind genagelt. Es sind sechs Staubblätter vorhanden. Die dicke, zweigliedrige Gliederschote ist 12 bis 27 mm lang und enthält zwei bis drei Samen. Das obere Schotenglied ist zusammengedrückt.

Die Chromosomengrundzahl beträgt x = 9.

Vorkommen
Die Meersenf-Arten kommen hauptsächlich in den gemäßigten Breiten der Nordhalbkugel vor. Verbreitungsgebiete sind das nördliche Afrika, Europa, die Arabische Halbinsel und das westliche Asien sowie Nord- und Zentralamerika und die Karibik. Die meisten Arten wachsen in Amerika an salzigen Stellen wie Küsten, Dünen und Salzpfannen innerhalb des Landes.

Die einzige europäische und auch in Mitteleuropa vorkommende Art ist der Europäische Meersenf, der in mehreren Unterarten an fast allen europäischen Meeresküsten zu finden ist. Mit der auf den Azoren eingeschleppten, ursprünglich nordamerikanischen Cakile edentula kommt in Europa noch eine zweite Art vor.

Systematik
Die Gattung Cakile wurde 1754 durch Philip Miller in The Gardeners Dictionary...Abridged..., fourth edition, Vol. 1 aufgestellt. Als Lectotypus wurde 1913 Cakile maritima Scop. festgelegt. Der botanische Gattungsname Cakile leitet sich vom arabischen Name qaqulleh ab. Die Gattung Cakile gehört zur Tribus Brassiceae in der Familie der Brassicaceae.

Es gibt etwa sechs Cakile-Arten:
 Cakile arabica : Sie kommt von Jordanien bis zum Iran und auf der Arabischen Halbinsel vor.
 Cakile constricta ; Heimat: südliche USA (Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Texas).
 Cakile edentula ; Heimat: Kanada, USA, auf den Azoren und in Australien ein Neophyt.
 Cakile geniculata : Sie kommt am Meeresstrand von Louisiana, Texas und von Mexiko vor.
 Cakile lanceolata ; Heimat: Florida, Mexiko, Mittelamerika, Kolumbien und die Karibik.
 Europäischer Meersenf (Cakile maritima ); Heimat: Europa, Nordafrika, Makaronesien und Westasien, ist in Nordamerika eingebürgert.

Literatur
 J. Gathe: Cakile Online in der Western Australian Flora, 2008. (Abschnitt Beschreibung)
 James E. Rodman: Cakile in der Flora of North America, Volume 7, 2010, S. 424: Cakile - Online. (Abschnitt Systematik und Beschreibung)

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Kreuzblütengewächse


A year after New Balance announced it was making its first ever Android Wear smartwatch, it's finally on sale. You can get a New Balance RunIQ now.
Taking on the likes of the Polar M600 and Moto 360 Sport, the $299.99 Wear watch is all set to get the Android Wear 2.0 treatment - if you get one right now it's 1.5 though.
New Balance and Intel has decided to take the circular smartwatch design approach with the RunIQ available in matte black with a grey face. There's also the option to swap out the watch bands, which will be available in a host of colours including blue, red, pink and green. There's one additional band bundled in with the watch as well.
It features a 1.39-inch AMOLED touchscreen display with a 400 x 400 resolution and 287 ppi, so it's be up there with the best that Android Wear screens has had to offer us so far in terms of quality and size.
When you don't want to get your hands all over that touchscreen, the RunIQ has three physical buttons as an alternative way to get a workout started or control music playback features. The top one launches the Run IQ app and lets you start and pause an activity. The middle one is the home button and the one below that controls music and reseting laps during a workout.
The good news for swimmers is that it's water resistance up to 5 ATM, so you can take it for a dip in the pool as well.
This sporty smartwatch rocks the kind of motion sensors we're used to seeing crop up in your standard fitness tracker and the current crop of fitness-focused Wear watches. There's built-in GPS, an optical heart rate monitor for on the spot readings and heart rate zone training, plus an accelerometer and gyroscope.
To take care of performance New Balance has gone against the Android Wear norm opting to follow in the footsteps of the Tag Heuer Connected and use an Intel Atom Z34XX processor with 512MB of RAM and 4GB of storage. That should be enough room to fit 50 hours worth of Google Play music if you were wondering.
To take advantage of the ability to load on music, New Balance is partnering with Jabra who is launching a pair of PaceIQ wireless sports headphones that are optimised to work with the RunIQ watch and feature a dedicated Sports button to deliver real-time audio in-ear coaching.
The RunIQ is set to run on the latest version of Android Wear, but the version on sale early February is running Android Wear 1.5. It'll work with iOS and Android phones and you can expect Android Wear 2.0 to give you the standard notification support, Google Now integration and the ability to sync music over Google Play (Android phone only). It will also work with new standalone apps.
There's notification support of course when connected to Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, although iPhone users will not be able to access the Reply feature. Sorry folks.
There's a MyNB app you'll need to download with big Strava integration to make it easier to upload and share workouts (running and cycling). There's GPS tracking letting you record routes, pace and distance. Additional metrics you can view from the watch screen during a workout include heart rate zones and cadence.
In terms of battery life, the RunIQ includes a 410mAh battery and you can expect to get up to 24 hours on one charge and up to five hours when you're making use of GPS and heart rate monitoring.
So it'll last a marathon, but it falls well short of the kind of stamina you'll get from a dedicated Garmin or Polar GPS running watch.
The RunIQ is available to order now from the New Balance website, priced at $299.99. That's a little cheaper than the Polar M600, our current sporty Android Wear favourite.
If you order one you'll get 3 months of Strava Premium to access of all of the fitness app's features. The PaceIQ smart earphones are priced at $109.99 and will also go on sale on 1 February.


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Dermophis donaldtrumpi est une espèce de gymnophiona, un petit amphibien aveugle, baptisé en référence à Donald Trump. Découvert à l'origine au Panama, son nom a été confirmé et publié dans les revues scientifiques.

Description
Dermophis donaldtrumpi mesure environ  de long, est aveugle, brillant et visqueux. Il ressemble à un gros ver, glissant et s'enfouit, vivant presque entièrement sous terre. Il utilise deux tentacules situés près de sa bouche afin de trouver une proie. Il a aussi une couche supplémentaire de peau que ses petits peuvent manger, après l'avoir arrachée.

Selon le Rainforest Trust, les amphibiens tels que Dermophis donaldtrumpi sont particulièrement sensibles aux effets du réchauffement climatique et sont donc en danger de disparition.

Nom
En , le Rainforest Trust finalise une vente aux enchères de droits d'appellation pour douze espèces de plantes et d'animaux sud-américains nouvellement découvertes, l'argent servant à la conservation des habitats de ces espèces.  sont versés par EnviroBuild, une entreprise de matériaux de construction durables, pour le droit de nommer ce nouvel amphibien.

Références

Articles connexes
 Neopalpa donaldtrumpi, une espèce de papillons de nuit
 Tetragramma donaldtrumpi, une espèce d'oursins
 Liste de choses nommées d'après Donald Trump

Source de la traduction

Caeciliidae
Gymnophiona
Faune endémique du Panama
Donald Trump

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Once again, we invite you to join us for a series of performances at Wind River in the Santa Cruz Mountains.
We thought it might be wise to provide more detailed directions. You will lose cell phone reception, but this Google Maps location will get you very close.
Turn on Water St. away from downtown, continue for about a half-mile.
Turn left on Market St.
Market St. becomes Branciforte Rd.
Ignore all signs telling you to turn right for Shakespeare, and continue straight through the stop sign.
Continue past the Mystery Spot and the Happy Valley Conference Center, and just past a one-lane segment with a stop sign.
After about a half-mile, turn right onto Wild Way.
You'll go through a lumberyard-looking area, and there will be cars parked below the circle picture above. Walk up and to the right of the house (there will be lights leading the way).


text:
Students applying as non-freshmen must still meet application and supplemental material deadlines. The deadlines are different for each application type, so read these dates carefully.
Transfer Deadlines
We want to update you on your admissions status as soon as possible, so be proactive! Please pay close attention to the following deadlines. The University of South Carolina reserves the right to close transfer admission for any program at any time due to enrollment limitations.
We cannot guarantee consideration for all majors. Some programs will reach capacity and you may be asked if you wish to consider a different major or update your application for future term consideration. Historically, the College of Nursing and the Darla Moore School of Business have reached capacity in May. Therefore, we encourage you to apply and submit your credentials as soon as possible. If we do not receive your required credentials or if you have not completed prerequisite classes with the required minimum GPA by the stated deadlines, your application is subject to cancellation and you will be advised to update your application for future term consideration.
Spring 2023 (Classes begin January 9)
Application deadline: November 1
Credentials deadline: December 19
New Student Orientation:
*All newly admitted students are required to attend New Student Orientation.
**Students who have attended New Student Orientation within the past two year are not required to attend again.
Summer 2023 (Classes begin in June)
Application deadline: May 1
Credentials deadline: May 15
Fall 2023 (Classes begin August 24)
Application deadline: July 1
Credentials deadline (including official transcripts): July 15
Readmit Deadlines
We cannot guarantee consideration for all majors. Some programs will reach capacity and you may be asked if you wish to consider a different major, or update your application for future term consideration. Historically, the College of Nursing and the Darla Moore School of Business have reached capacity in May. Therefore, we encourage you to apply and submit your credentials as soon as possible.
Credentials deadline (including official transcripts): May 15
Fall 2023 (classes begin in August 24)
Credentials deadline (including official transcrips): August 1
System Transfer Deadlines
We cannot guarantee consideration for all majors. Some programs will reach capacity and you may be asked if you wish to consider a different major or update your application for future term consideration. Historically, the College of Nursing and the Darla Moore School of Business have reached capacity in May. Therefore, we encourage you to apply and submit your credentials as soon as possible.
Credentials deadline (including official transcrips): May 15
Palmetto College Transfer Deadlines
The following deadlines are for the UofSC Columbia Palmetto College majors: Elementary Education, Liberal Studies (BLS) and Organizational Leadership (BOL).
Spring I 2023 (classes begin January 9)
Application deadline (BLS and BOL): December 12
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): December 19
Application deadline (Elementary Education): December 1
Credentials deadline (Elementary Education): December 8
Spring II 2023 (classes begin March 13)
Application deadline (BLS and BOL): February 20
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): February 27
Summer I (Classes begin May 8)
Application deadline: April 17
Credentials deadline: April 2
Summer II (Classes begin June 26)
Application deadline: June 5
Credentials deadline: June 12
Fall I (Classes begin August 24)
Application deadline (BLS and BOL): July 31
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): August 7
Application deadline (Elementary Education): July 28
Credentials deadline (Elementary Education): August 4
Fall II (Classes begin October 23)
Application deadline (BLS and BOL): October 2
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): October 9
Palmetto College Readmit Deadlines
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): March 6
Credentials deadline: May 1
Application deadline: June 12
Application deadline (BLS and BOL): August 7
Credentials deadline (BLS and BOL): August 14
Application deadline (Elementary Education): August 4
Credentials deadline (Elementary Education): August 11
Palmetto College System Transfer Deadlines
Non-Degree Deadlines
Credentials deadline (including official transcripts): August 1
Apply to UofSC
It's easy to apply online. Take the next step into your future at the University of South Carolina.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Accessibility: If you are using a screen reader and are having problems using this website, please call 855-805-4327 for assistance.
*TERMS OF SERVICE: Advantage Discount will apply automatically at checkout. Offer does not apply to previous purchases. Offer cannot be combined with any other promotional offers or discounts. Only one discount is applicable with each order. Exclusions include, but are not limited to, Travel Trips, Gift Cards, Shipping & Handling, and select styles of Arbor, Arc'teryx, Armada, Atomic, Burton, Garmin, K2, Keen, Nordica, Smith, Suunto, and any other item marked as not eligible for additional discounts.


text:
A module to help create api clients quickly. The idea is you shou ld only have to define your endpoints and not worry about setup and the http client.

## Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

    gem 'simple_api_client'

And then execute:

    $ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

    $ gem install simple_api_client

## Usage

See: [simple_api_client.rb documentation](https://github.com/dvallance/simple_api_client/blob/master/lib/simple_api_client.rb).

## Contributing

1. Fork it ( https://github.com/[my-github-username]/simple_api_client/fork )
2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
5. Create a new Pull Request

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The meaning of Natural Health is to some degree vague, however it is for the most part comprehended as dealing with Health challenges without turning to pharmaceuticals, yet utilizing natural means. That incorporates Food, Herbs and Alternative Medicine, for example, Acupuncture, Homeopathy, and the preferences. A Doctor that practices Natural Medicine are called ND or NMD in the US, or just Naturopath. In any case, the cost for this vagueness is absence of regard: Naturopathic Doctors are as yet battling for National acknowledgment, while their title is just acknowledged in a couple of States in the US, and, not shocking, individuals are practically oblivious on how a NMD can reestablish Health. Dissimilar to regular therapeutic schools that prepare MD's, certify Naturopathic Colleges show Nutrition and its capacity on the Human Body.
Since most by far of Illness come because of poor Nutrition, aside from other Lifestyle issues (smoking, drinking, absence of rest, eating late, and so forth.), our inborn conduct is first hunting down healthy Food, when there is proof of an undesirable side effect. We realize that there is Food to manage general Health and afterward there is Food to mend particular conditions. However, shouldn't something be said about access to such Foods when we require it?
In this lies the issue: Natural Health requires Natural Food, however what is Natural Food? Deliver in industrialized nations is immersed with Pesticides and may have lost the greater part of the Nutrients to nourishment miles. Dissimilar to prepared Foods, Produce conveys no Nutrition Labels, so how is the shopper to know to what extent prior it was reaped and the amount Nutrition is still cleared out? The appropriate response is, we don't know in the first place, and we are purposely misled by visual appearance of create, that is upheld by compound medications to last in any event past the money enroll.
Deliver in America is – frequently hereditarily designed – developed altogether for Profit and not under any condition in light of the Consumers Health. That pattern has prompted create massively larger than usual fruits and vegetables without flavor and supplements. For instance, a peach in the US has been decreased in Vitamins that one would need to eat 54 of them, so as to get a similar Health advantage that one peach conveyed 50 years' prior. It is designed and chemicalized to withstand the harshest conditions amid long stretches of transportation. In any case, fruits are reaped well before they achieve development and before they have built up their nutritional esteem. When they achieve their purpose of offers, they are treated with exceptionally created gases and chemicals to in a split second initiate readiness appearance. One natural and disgraceful illustration is the Banana that after buy, perishes before it matures, or looks ready yellow however can't be peeled and is unappetizing.
So it takes after that we need to purchase Organic! In any case, what does that mean, no Pesticides, reaped when ready? Shockingly, the USDA Organics standard is feeble in the first place and after that once in a while upheld. Be that as it may, regardless of whether a Produce has been developed "Affirmed Organic", doesn't mean it is without pesticides and there is no assurance of higher nutrition, since it might have been sourced in China, conveyed to a Distribution Warehouse in the Midwest, and after that Trucked 1,000 miles to the goal. Also, how does the Produce withstand such mishandle/By being splashed and disinfected a few times.
At that point, obviously, there is the issue of freeing the Produce of its various unlabeled chemicals previously utilization. The USDA records 42 pesticides for Apples and 54 for Strawberries. Clearly, it ought to be completely clear that washing the Produce under faucet water is a pointless endeavor to flush away the hurtful microbes, not to mention the lethal chemicals that are fixed under a layer of water safe wax. Neglecting to expel these chemicals implies they are being devoured, with conceivably critical Health results.
You can discover what chemicals hide on your Produce via looking through the Pesticides Action Network database, at that point you can choose how to free the Produce from the particular poisons. On the off chance that you have a water Ionizer – Alkalizer machine, you would first be able to absorb the Produce high pH water, trailed by washing under the subsequent Acid water. Else you can purchase packaged "Fruit and Vegetable Wash" equations everywhere grocery stores. You can likewise make your own utilizing a blend of vinegar and water, lemon squeeze and preparing pop; there are "the means by which to do's" on the web. Be that as it may, by no means alternate route the systems, despite the fact that you can't see the sullying until the point when you take a gander at the solvents in the wake of drenching.
At long last, how about we not overlook the Meat! We realize that US Beef from Feedlots comes to you stacked with Antibiotics, engineered Hormones and Transfat, on the grounds that the American Consumer is unwilling to pay somewhat more for Grass Fed Beef that is healthier. The monstrous treatment of Chickens and Pigs in CAFO's has gotten notorious reputation. It truly needn't bother with a ton of cerebrum work to understand that an Egg from a manufacturing plant where Hens are kept under extraordinary and perpetual misery, yields minimal nutritional esteem, contrasted with an Egg from a free wandering Hen.
Remaining Naturally Healthy has turned into a testing accomplishment more than ever. It will require significantly greater investment to shop and get educated and it might cost more cash to purchase from the Farmers Market. Be that as it may, we have to recall that there is no shabby Food, in the event that it costs little at the store, we'll pay later a considerably higher cost for reestablishing our Health. While being fascinated by challenges to turn technology into Health solutions, I realized that the current paradigm of "Symptoms fixing' is flawed, and Health-care needs to start at the cellular level long before symptoms occur. a Predictive Health Information System, which "measures" how Healthy you are and shows how you can boost and sustain Vitality at Peak level for life.


text:
Астрида Иваска (, урождённая Астридэ Хелена Хартмане (); ) — латвийско-американская писательница-поэтесса. Супруга поэта Ивара Иваска.

Биография
Родилась 7 августа 1926 года в Риге. Отец — Мартиньш Хартманис, генерала латвийской армии, мать — Ирма Мария Хартмане. Брат — информатик Юрис Хартманис. После советской оккупации Латвии в 1940 году генерал Мартиньш Хартманис был заключен в тюрьму СССР. Он был казнен в 1941 году, но его семья узнала о его судьбе лишь после распада СССР в 1991 году.

В 1944 году мать и брат Иваски уехали из лагеря для беженцев, находившихся в Германии. Астрида изучала языки в Марбургском университете. Позже она писала: «В Марбурге-на-Лане для меня открылась европейская интеллектуальная жизнь. За три года в университете я поработала с семью иностранными языками, частью живыми, частью давно умершими, и была вовлечена в область финно-угорской культуры».

В 1949 году получила степень магистра. В том же году она вышла замуж за эстонского поэта Ивара Иваска, который получил в том же вузе докторскую степень в области литературы и истории искусства. Пара переехала в США. Здесь Ивар Иваск был принят на работу в качестве преподавателя в Колледж св. Олафа в штате Миннесота.

В 1967 году вместе с Иваром переехала в Норман, штат Оклахома, где в Университете Оклахомы он стал профессором современных языков и литературы. Работала адъюнктом, преподавала русский, немецкий и французский языки. Муж Ивар был редактором университетского литературного журнала World Literature Today. Супруги принимали у себя дома многих авторов и критиков и участвовали в чтениях и литературных мероприятиях.

В 1991 году пара переехала в ирландское графство Корк. Однако спустя год, в 1992 году, Иварк Иваск умер. Астрида пришлось вернуться в Ригу в 2001 году.

Сочинения
Первым поэтическим сборником Иваски стал «Крещение озера» (, 1966). Другие коллекции включают «Зимний суд» (, 1968), «Шаг в лесу» (, 1973), «Извилистые заливы» (, 1981), «На краю залежи» (, 1981), «Легкораненый» (, 1982). Большая часть её работ была написана на латышском языке, однако один сборник «Стихотворения Оклахомы» (, 1990) был написан на английском.

Другие её работы включают «Сюрпризы и открытия» (, 1984), детские стихи и рассказы, а также книгу поэтических путевых зарисовок «Изгибы заливов: виды и пейзажи» (, 1981), иллюстрированные фотографии Ивара Иваска. Среди других работ можно также выделить сборник стихов «Изложения» (; 1987).

Награды и отличия
Была удостоена премии Зинаиды Лазды за «Зимний суд» и премии Фонда культуры латышей за литературу за «Шаг в лесу». Получила приз Яниса Яунсудрабиньша в области прозы за путевые зарисовки. Произведение «Сюрпризы и открытия» получило премию Гопперса. Другое произведение «Извилистые заливы» получило приз имени Яниса Яунсудрабиньша в области прозы.

Награждена орденом Трех звёзд (Латвия), орденом Белой звезды (Эстония) и ежегодной премией Союза писателей Латвии за вклад в развитие культуры и литературы.

Примечания

Ссылки

Женщины США XXI века
Кавалеры ордена Белой звезды 4-го класса
Преподаватели Оклахомского университета
Выпускники Марбургского университета
Писательницы США XX века
Поэтессы США
Иммигрировавшие в США из Латвии
Поэтессы Латвии


text:
The rifle range consists of target backstops at 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 yards. A Hot/Cold sign system is installed on the rifle range to use when on any of the ranges. The range is for member use only. Wear your membership card in plain sight when using the facilities. All guests MUST have a signed guest pass. Contact Dottie Kirk at 717-469-2561 for guest passes.
The rifle range is closed to the general club membership whenever the long course is being used for sporting clays. The long course is open from 9 am to 5 pm on Saturdays from March to October, and from 1 pm to 7 pm on Wednesdays from April to September. The range is also closed for most corporate shoots.
Rifle range rules are posted on a sign at the entrance to the range.
Outdoor Hours for Ranges
Ranges Open
During Months
Sunday 9am to sunset January to December
Monday 8am to sunset January to December
Tuesday 8am to sunset January to December
Wednesday 8am to 12 noon
8am to sunset April to September
Thursday 8am to sunset January to December
Friday 8am to sunset January to December
Saturday 5pm to sunset
8am to sunset January to October
November & December
Handgun Range
Our outdoor handgun range consists of five bays with steel plate targets and dirt backstops. There are concrete walls between the bays. Backers are available to hang paper targets. The range is for member use only, except for handgun events and competitions. Wear your membership card in plain sight when using the facilities.
The handgun range is closed to the general club membership whenever the long course is being used for sporting clays. The long course is open from 9 am to 4 pm on Saturdays from March to October, and from 1 pm to 6 pm on Wednesdays from April to September. Organized handgun events may occur on the same dates as sporting clays. The range is also closed for most corporate shoots.
Falling Steel Match
The club offers organized matches every third Friday and Saturday of the month from April to November. All of the events have a participation fee. Offered are four stages totaling over 100 falling steel targets. All targets are 8″ or larger and are 10 to 15 yards from the shooter's box. During matches, various types of equipment may be required depending on the kind of match it is. For example, Steel Challenge format does not require magazine holders while "run & gun" does. Register at the club or preregister at practiscore.com
2022 Falling Steel Match Schedule
Saturday April 15
April 16 6pm
Saturday May 20
May 21 6pm
June 18 6pm
Saturday July 15
July 16 6pm
Saturday August 19
August 20 6pm
Saturday September 16
September 17 6pm
October 15 6pm
Saturday November 18
November 19 6pm
Outlaw Static Steel
Outlaw static steel shoots are held the first Saturday of the month from April to November. Offered are four stages, five strings per stage, for 100 targets total. This is a fun shoot; no scores are kept. Shooters choose to draw from a holster or start at low ready. Pistols must be bagged or in a holster, and rifles must be bagged and have a chamber flag.
2022 Outlaw Static Steel Schedule
Saturday April 23 9:00am
Saturday May 28 9:00am
Saturday June 25 9:00am
Saturday July 23 9:00am
Saturday August 27 9:00am
Saturday September 24 9:00am
Saturday October 22 9:00am
Saturday November 26 9:00am
PA Steel League
Our club joined the PA Steel League in 2018. Competitors are separated into divisions by the firearm used: stock centerfire auto, open centerfire auto (comps and optics allowed), stock 22 pistol, open 22 pistol, centerfire revolver (any allowed), 22 rifle (any allowed), PCC (pistol caliber carbine).
Register for league matches on practiscore.com. Registration opens at noon on the Monday before a match. The club follows rules of the PA Steel League and USPSA's Steel Challenge during these events. More information on the league can be found at Steelshooters.com.
The 2022 PA Steel League dates for our club are July 24 and August 28.
For more information regarding action handgun and the PA Steel League, contact:
David Horan at djhoran@comcast.net or 717-991-9131


During the walk I saw this dog and decided to share it with you.
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Two Indian-origin students are in a team from University of Pennsylvania that won the 2019 YPrize for their plan to make catheters immune to deadly infections.
This Jan. 28, students Tanvi Kapur from Germany, a senior at the Wharton School, and junior Ishir Seth (of North Carolina), who is in the Roy and Diana Vagelos Program in Life Science Management, beat out three other finalists at the Jan. 28, competition to win the $10,000 Y-Prize, which is awarded to four Penn undergraduates. Their team includes senior WenTao Zhang, also from the Roy and Diana Vagelos Program, as well as Beatriz Go, a senior at UWharton and the School of Engineering and Applies Science.
The team's company, Nosoco Technologies, is also vying for the Penn Startup Challenge later this year if it meets that competition's guidelines. Currently it is in the semi-finals for that Challenge.
Kapur told PennToday that the Nosoco team had a personal reason for choosing to deal with the problem of catheters — Zhang's great-grandfather died from complications of a catheter-related infection.
"This is a huge problem in hospitals," Kapur is quoted saying in the article.
The Y-Prize, a collaboration between Penn Engineering, Wharton's William and Phyllis Mack Institute for Innovation Management, the Penn Wharton Entrepreneurship, and the Penn Center for Innovation. Teams like that of Kapur and Seth had to submit a video pitch explaining their idea and how they would make it a reality.
Following on the " roll-to-roll surface wrinkle printing " technology developed by some Penn professors, the Nosoco team came up with the idea to incorporate the wrinkles (micro-sized crevices) into the catheter wall, to prevent or disrupt the formation of biofilms, a super-thin slime of bacteria which clings to a surface. "That pesky little bit of scum around your dishwasher drain is a biofilm; so is the plaque on your teeth. Many biofilms are harmless, but when "bad" bacteria band together, it can cause infection," the PennToday article explains.
Kapur told PennToday there are 1 million catheter-associated infections each year, and 13,000 people die from conditions such as sepsis and nephritis. for hospitals and insurers it costs an estimated $3.5 billion a year in U.S. alone. The anti-microbial properties of the wrinkled material is what led the Nosoco team to decide on using it.
The team has already been working on their catheter project over the last few months, and the YPrize money will help testing its viability, a process that could take till the end of 2019, before it can go into clinical trials, the PennToday news report said.


Have you been asking for intuitive guidance and not "hearing" anything?
This has happened to me a few times and it was pretty scary.
I didn't know what to do without my intuitive insight to guide me. "What direction should I take? What should I do next?" were some of the questions that went unanswered.
Losing the connection to our inner guidance can leave us feeling as if we are in a rowboat in the middle of the ocean without any oars.
When I was younger I ignored my inner voice which led to my making some pretty big mistakes in my life. But, after I began listening and saw how beautifully my life began working – I never ignored it again. So, after I began to rely upon it for every decision to have it go "all quiet" up there for a while was pretty darn scary.
After I experienced this lack of communication from my intuition a couple of times I went back and reviewed my journal notes (another reason keeping a journal comes in very handy) to see what was happening that could have suppressed my inner guidance.
The pattern I detected was fascinating.
The first time I can recall experiencing "intuitive silence" was after I finally quit my regional sales manager position and went back to college. The second time was after I took a one semester sabbatical from my graduate program so I could work full time. The third time was when I bought my "dream" house. More recently, it was right after I sold my house.
What this tells me is that there must be a time when your inner wisdom is gathering more information for the next phase in your life once you've followed its guidance and taken action. This also applies to when you don't follow your intuition and change course as well.
It's as if you were on one path where your intuition was up ahead of you sending you back directions for how to navigate to arrive at your destination – and then you got there. Now what? What does your inner wisdom do now?
While you are adjusting to your new life circumstances after following your intuition or after ignoring it, your inner navigation system moves forward along this new path (regardless of whether it's the right path in your life or not) to scope out the way ahead for you. It is quiet because it (your inner GPS) is busy surveying the new landscape you are now in.
It is creating a new "map" for you for you to follow.
The good news is that whether you follow your inner guidance or not – your inner GPS maps out the way for you based on wherever you are in your life.
One of the chapters in, "The Intuition Principle: How to Attract the Life You Dream Of," is about finding your life purpose and true calling. (Chaper 7: Finding Your Passion, Purpose and Authenticity). You are here at this time for a purpose and your intuition is the key to accessing your very own inner instruction manual for how to find this purpose and true calling.
It's a voice activated instruction manual. All you have to do is ask and listen to your "inner voice" to hear these instructions.
So, the point is that even when we make the wrong decisions in our life we can always navigate back to the "right path" by asking our intuition for directions.
When you want to get somewhere you put the address into your navigational device, right? Then, as you drive the car – your GPS device calculates the directions to help you get to where you want to go. But, if you make a wrong turn somewhere the navigational device will recalculate the directions and start directing you from whatever point you are now at – to get you back on the right path to reach your destination. This is exactly what your intuition does too! It is your very own inner navigational device.
e're not always aware of everything we're sensing our mind is working 24/7 recording every single piece of information we encounter within our environment. Later, when we need to access this inner wisdom our subconscious mind searches every piece of stored information in our brain.
When you ask for intuitive guidance you will always get it but, not always at the exact moment you ask for it. You need to give your subconscious time to search and organize all the new data that is coming in when you make a big change to your life.
1. Ask for guidance but, then relax. Many times it comes later when we are doing something else, particularly, when we are doing something mindless like washing the dishes, taking a walk or a shower.
The key to dealing with I.S. (intuitive silence) is to stay calm.
e exactly where you are because you were "out of it" and on autopilot for a while during your day dream.
You jump to conclusions and think you've missed your exit. This causes you to become frightened and panic and get off at the next exit thinking that you have make a U-Turn and go back. Doing this puts you in another completely unfamiliar area where you are now truly lost!
If you had remained calm and kept following the road you were on for a few more minutes instead of panicking, you would have seen that you were going the right way and hadn't missed your exit – which brings me to tip #3.
3. Stay the course! Keep on going in the direction you're already on for a while to double check and be sure that you're not making a hasty change of course while in panic mode. Just take it one day at a time and be as observant as possible. Once you have adjusted to the changes and begin moving forward your intuition will pick up on that signal and snap back into the "ON" position.
4. Give your inner navigational system time to adjust to the new landscape. After making any changes to your life (even the wrong ones) allow your intuition time to learn the new "lay of the land." Once it has mapped the new area it will begin sending you signals again. Don't ever panic and think you intuition has abandoned you. That simply cannot happen. It's just a period of adjustment.
5. Sometimes you don't need to hear your intuitive voice. Yes, you read that correctly. If you are already on the right path what you need is to do is develop faith in yourself and your intuition by placing one foot in front of the other and seeing how everything is working out for you.
ached" to an outcome and stubbornly refuse to see the true path that your intuition has been trying to steer you toward. You need to be really honest with yourself to see why you don't want to hear what you've been ignoring. I've done this numerous times so I speak from experience…it happens.
Are you experiencing "intuition silence" right now? What's going on – have you just made big changes to your life? Or, are you attached to an outcome an purposely ignoring your intuition? Join the conversation!
If you enjoyed this article please share on Facebook, Twitter or Google+. Thank you.
P.S. Want to learn more about getting guidance for you life from your intuition? Click here!
Listen to my interview on A Flourishing Life with Rita Schiano where we talk about living intuitively here.
Read an interview about, "The Intuition Principle: How to Attract the Life You Dream Of," on Change Your Thoughts here.
This is a great topic and I'm glad you brought it up.
I think one of the most powerful things to do also it so admit that you and your intuition just doesn't know.
Saying deeply, clearly and authentically "I don't know" or even "I'm afraid" can be miraculous in showing where to go, in my experience.
Sometimes it's then asking for guidance or helping from the universe (insert belief system here) after that can be required but not always.
I'm glad you enjoyed the post and found it helpful.
When we are afraid and we admit it it's deeply freeing. It can free up the intuitive mind to bring up the answser as well.
When we say we don't know – we just need time to allow our intuitive mind to find the solution. The solution is always there.
It's us (ego) who is not ready to deal with it.
Thanks so much for sharing your thoughts with us David.
Hmm, this is an interesting way of looking at it. I hadn't really noticed these periods of radio silence, but if I do I'll keep it in mind. I typically do make decisions based on a certain silence or calmness inside me that has no relation to the rational side of the problem, though.
It's a pleasure meeting you. Welcome.
Beautiful! That's it exactly. When we feel a sense of calm and peace inside that's the choice to go with.
Thank you so much for visiting and joining in the conversation here.
It sounds like you've been given very specific instructions from you inner guidance as to how to handle this situation. Thank goodness you are who you are so that you're not panicking right now. Short sales can take a long time. I think you are absolutely right in this case. Wait – let it all play out and then an opportunity for where to go next will present itself to you.
Even that is okay – what is worse is not being open to listening to Intuition and regretting later!
The "being attached to a particular outcome" is a common problem, especially when we want to take quick decisions!
I think when we are mentally tired is when Intuition also needs to regroup itself as it needs a clear path to reach our consciousness.
Lovely article! Thank you, Angela, Hugs to you!
In the short term, when we can't hear our intuition often it is due to being exhausted from overwork but, if this happens for several weeks or longer than it's most likely adjusting to the new lay of the land after a big push forward.
I'm glad you enjoyed this article Vidya!
You are so right there Angela!
Yes indeed, at times when you have achieved what you were wanting or reached that height or level or made the decisions you set out to make, your intuition does get silent for a while. But as soon as you are back to your work or other daily tasks, it comes back again, and starts guiding you.
I remember the first time this happened to me when I had to make a choice about the career I wanted to choose after graduation. The again when I got married and lately, when I made a final switch after leaving my full time job and working as a freelance writer from home. I guess these were all major decisions of one's life, so the intuition went into a 'silent' mode. However, in-between it's always there guiding me right through.
Loved the example of the navigation device in the car, which is so similar to our intuition that guides us. And the wonderful steps to take when your intuitions does go silent.
Yes, it does go silent for a while but, as soon as you start setting new intentions it comes back on and begins to guide you.
Thank you so much for you comment! I'm glad you enjoyed this article.


This is an essential tool to switch quickly among different symbols with just a click.
In fact this utility allows you to compare, in the same template, among up to forty custom symbols: crosses, indices, metals, etc. It is very useful if you want to save time and compare symbols with the same chart setup.
It's possible to use only the keyboard and shut down the buttons.
You can customize up to forty symbols divided in four groups. Each group can be shut down.
- Added the possibility to switch among symbols with a key (A - forward or D - backward).
In this new version it has been added more symbols: up to 42 for major resolution (1920x1080 & 3840x2160) and 26 for lower resolution(1366x768).
Buttons are divided in four groups that can be customized as a group. In addition you can select the font you prefer as well as color and size of buttons.
Groups can be moved togheter in four different screen positions: top, right, bottom and left. Moreover is available an ad hoc setup for 4k resolution. If you don't need a group of buttons you can easily deselect one or more.


Silicon (chemical element symbol Si, atomic number 14) is a member of a group of chemical elements classified as metalloids. It is less reactive than its chemical analog carbon. It is the eighth most common element in the universe (by mass) and is the second most abundant element (after oxygen) in the Earth's crust, making up 25.7 percent of the crust by mass. It occasionally occurs as the pure free element in nature, but is more widely distributed in dusts, planetoids, and planets as various forms of silicon dioxide or silicate.
Various biological systems contain silicon as an essential element. Although only tiny traces of it appear to be required by animals, it is much more important for the metabolism of plants, particularly many grasses. Also, silicic acid (a family of chemical compounds of silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen) forms the basis of the array of protective shells of diatoms.
Silicon has many industrial uses. Elemental silicon is the principal component of most semiconductor devices, particularly integrated circuits or "microchips." Given its importance in semiconductors and high-tech devices, its name has been used for the high-tech region known as Silicon Valley in California. In the form of silica and silicates, silicon forms useful glasses, cements, and ceramics. It is also a component of silicones, a group of various synthetic plastic substances made of silicon, oxygen, carbon, germanium, and hydrogen.
Given that some properties of silicon are similar to those of carbon, some individuals have proposed the possibility of silicon-based living organisms. This possibility, however, seems remote for a variety of reasons, including the absence of a "silicon cycle" (analogous to the carbon cycle), the absence of an appropriate solvent for silicon compounds (analogous to water that dissolves organic compounds), and the inability of silicon to form the diversity of compounds required for living systems.
Measured by mass, silicon makes up 25.7 percent of the Earth's crust and is the second most abundant element on Earth, after oxygen. Pure silicon crystals are only occasionally found in nature; they can be found as inclusions with gold and in volcanic exhalations. Silicon is usually found in the form of silicon dioxide (also known as silica), and silicate.
Silica occurs in minerals consisting of (practically) pure silicon dioxide in different crystalline forms. Sand, amethyst, agate, quartz, rock crystal, chalcedony, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which silicon dioxide appears. They are known as "lithogenic" (as opposed to "biogenic") silicas.
Silicon also occurs as silicates (various minerals containing silicon, oxygen, and one or other metal). These minerals occur in clay, sand, and various types of rock such as granite and sandstone. Asbestos, feldspar, clay, hornblende, and mica are a few of the many silicate minerals.
Silicon is a principal component of aerolites, which are a class of meteoroids, and also is a component of tektites, a natural form of glass.
The name silicon is derived from the Latin word, silex, meaning "flint" or "hard stone," corresponding to the materials now called "silica" or "silicates." It was first identified by Antoine Lavoisier in 1787, as a component of silex, but Humphry Davy (in 1800) mistook it as a compound. In 1811, Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard probably prepared impure amorphous silicon through the heating of potassium with silicon tetrafluoride. The first person to identify it as an element was Jöns Jakob Berzelius, in 1823. In the following year, Berzelius prepared amorphous silicon using approximately the same method as Gay-Lussac. He also purified the product by repeated washing.
In the periodic table, silicon is located in group 14 (former group 4A), between carbon and germanium. In addition, it lies in period 3, between aluminum and phosphorus. Elemental silicon has a gray color and a metallic luster, which increases with the size of the crystal.
The electronic configuration in the outermost shell of a silicon atom is the same as that of a carbon atom—both types of atoms have four bonding electrons. Consequently, both elements are tetravalent (each atom binding up to four other atoms) and share some chemical properties. Both are semiconductors, readily donating or sharing their four outer electrons, allowing for various forms of chemical bonding.
Silicon is similar to glass in that it is strong but brittle and prone to chipping. Although it is a relatively inert element, silicon reacts with halogens and dilute alkalis. Most acids (except for some hyper-reactive combinations of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid) do not affect it.
Silicon is widely used in semiconductors because it remains a semiconductor at higher temperatures than the semiconductor germanium, and because its native oxide is easily grown in a furnace and forms a better semiconductor/dielectric interface than almost all other material combinations. The electrical resistance of single-crystal silicon significantly changes under the application of mechanical stress, due to what is called the "piezoresistive effect."
Silicon has many known isotopes, with mass numbers ranging from 22 to 44. Of these, the stable isotopes are 28Si (the most abundant isotope, at 92.23 percent), 29Si (4.67 percent), and 30Si (3.1 percent). In addition, 32Si is a radioactive isotope produced by argon decay. Its half-life has been determined to be approximately 170 years (0.21 MeV), and it decays by beta emission to 32P (which has a half-life of 14.29 days), and then to 32S.
2 SiC + SiO2 → 3 Si + 2 CO.
In 2005, metallurgical grade silicon cost about $ 0.77 per pound ($1.70/kg).
Early silicon purification techniques were based on the fact that if silicon is melted and re-solidified, the last parts of the mass to solidify contain most of the impurities. The earliest method of silicon purification, first described in 1919, and used on a limited basis to make radar components during World War II, involved crushing metallurgical grade silicon and then partially dissolving the silicon powder in an acid. When crushed, the silicon cracked so that the weaker impurity-rich regions were on the outside of the resulting grains of silicon. As a result, the impurity-rich silicon was the first to be dissolved when treated with acid, leaving behind a more pure product.
Today, silicon is instead purified by converting it to a silicon compound that can be more easily purified than silicon itself, and then converting that silicon element back into pure silicon. Trichlorosilane is the silicon compound most commonly used as the intermediate, although silicon tetrachloride and silane are also used. When these gases are blown over silicon at high temperature, they decompose to high-purity silicon.
SiCl4 + 2 Zn → Si + 2 ZnCl2.
2 HSiCl3 → Si + 2 HCl + SiCl4.
In 2006, Renewable Energy Corporation (REC) announced construction of a plant based on fluidized bed technology using silane.
The majority of silicon crystals grown for device production are produced by the Czochralski process (CZ-Si), because it is the cheapest method available and is capable of producing large crystals. However, silicon single-crystals grown by the Czochralski method contain impurities because the crucible that contains the melt dissolves. For certain electronic devices, particularly those required for high-power applications, silicon grown by the Czochralski method is not pure enough. For these applications, float-zone silicon (FZ-Si) can be used instead. It is worth mentioning, though, that it is difficult to grow large crystals using the float-zone method. Today, all the dislocation-free silicon crystals used in semiconductor industry with diameter 300mm or larger are grown by the Czochralski method, with purity level significantly improved.
As the second most common element on earth, silicon is a very useful element that is vital to many human industries and impacts much of modern life. For instance, it is a major component of glass, concrete, and cements of many kinds. In addition, one of its most valuable applications lies in that it forms the fundamental substrate in manufacturing electronics devices such as integrated circuits and power transistors. Further, the element and its compounds find widespread use in explosives and pyrotechnics.. Silicon is also used in mechanical seals, caulking compounds, and high-temperature, silicon-based greases.
Semiconductor: Ultrapure silicon can be doped with other elements to adjust its electrical response by controlling the number and charge (positive or negative) of current carriers. Such control is necessary for transistors, solar cells, microprocessors, semiconductor detectors and other semiconductor devices which are used in electronics and other high-tech applications.
LCDs and solar cells: Hydrogenated amorphous silicon is widely used in the production of low-cost, large-area electronics in applications such as LCDs. It has also shown promise for large-area, low-cost thin-film solar cells.
Steel and cast iron: Silicon is an important constituent of some steels, and it is used in the production process of cast iron. It is introduced as ferrosilicon or silicocalcium alloys.
Glass: Silica from sand is a principal component of glass. Glass can be made into a great variety of shapes and with a many different physical properties. Silica is used as a base material to make window glass, containers, insulators, and many other useful objects.
Medical materials: Silicones are flexible compounds containing silicon-oxygen and silicon-carbon bonds; they are widely used in applications such as artificial breast implants and contact lenses. Silicones are also used in many other applications.
Given that silicon is similar to carbon, particularly in its valency, some have pondered over the possibility of silicon-based life. For instance, A. G. Cairns-Smith has proposed that the first living organisms may have been forms of clay minerals, which were probably based around the silicon atom.
Although there are no known forms of life that rely entirely on silicon-based chemistry, there are some that rely on silicon minerals for specific functions. Some bacteria and other forms of life, such as the protozoa radiolaria, have silicon dioxide skeletons, and the sea urchin has spines made of silicon dioxide. These forms of silicon dioxide are known as biogenic silica. Silicate bacteria use silicates in their metabolism.
Yet, life as it is known today could not have developed based on a silicon biochemistry. The main reason is that life on Earth depends on the carbon cycle: Autotrophic organisms use carbon dioxide to synthesize organic compounds with carbon, which is then used as food by heterotrophic organisms, which produce energy and carbon dioxide from these compounds. If carbon were to be replaced by silicon, there would be a need for a silicon cycle, involving the participation of silicon dioxide. However, unlike carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide is a solid that does not dissolve in water and cannot be transported through living systems by common biological means. Consequently, another solvent would be necessary to sustain silicon-based life forms. It would be difficult (if not impossible) to find another common compound with the unusual properties of water that make it an ideal solvent for carbon-based life.
Larger silicon compounds (silanes) that are analogous to common hydrocarbon chains are generally unstable, owing to the larger atomic radius of silicon and the correspondingly weaker silicon-silicon bond. Silanes decompose readily and often violently in the presence of oxygen, making them unsuitable for an oxidizing atmosphere such as our own. Moreover, unlike carbon, silicon does not have the tendency to form double and triple bonds.
Some silicon rings (cyclosilanes) have been synthesized and are analogous to the cycloalkanes formed by carbon, but the cyclosilanes are rare whereas the cycloalkanes are common. Synthesis of the cyclosilanes suffers from the difficulties inherent in producing any silane compound. On the other hand, carbon will readily form five-, six-, and seven-membered rings by a variety of pathways, even in the presence of oxygen.
Silicon's inability to readily form multiple bonds, long silane chains, and rings severely limits the diversity of compounds that can be synthesized from it. Under known conditions, silicon chemistry simply cannot begin to approach the diversity of organic chemistry, a crucial factor in carbon's role in biology.
Some have construed silicon-based life as existing under a computational substrate. This concept, yet to be explored in mainstream technology, receives ample coverage by science fiction authors.
↑ Science Gateway, Phosphorus-32. Retrieved August 11, 2007.
↑ U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Silicon. Retrieved August 11, 2007.
↑ Renewable Energy Corporation, Analyst Silicon Field Trip, March 28, 2007. Retrieved August 11, 2007.
↑ E.-C. Koch, D. Clement. Special Materials in Pyrotechnics: VI. Silicon—An Old Fuel with New Perspectives. Retrieved August 11, 2007.
Los Alamos National Laboratory. Silicon. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
This page was last modified on 7 October 2015, at 22:44.


Marc van der Poel (éd.), Neo-Latin Philology: Old Tradition, New Approaches, Leuven, 2014.
Neo-Latin Philology: Old Tradition, New Approaches explores the question whether the approaches developed in the so-called New or Material Philology can be applied to the study of Renaissance Latin literature. Two contributions in this volume focus on theoretical issues, the first presenting a critical assessment of the debate on New Philology in the 1990s, the second providing some guidelines for researchers of the materiality of sources. The remaining seven contributions discuss various ways in which the material presentation in either manuscript or print played a part in the interpretation of a variety of texts, including Basinio of Parma's Hesperis, Niccolò Perotti's Cornu copiae, some poems by Janus Secundus, a commentary on Horace's Ars poetica, Otto Venius' Emblemata Horatiana, Johann Lauremberg's play Pompejus Magnus, and the Alithinologia by John Lynch.


text:
« Coming Soon To a College Near You
DOE Zero Energy Ready Home »
Solar Capital of the Northeast
Rutland, Vermont
Mary Powell dancing in a GMP utility bucket to "Walking on Sunshine," the theme song for the solar capital. Photo credit: GMP
By George Harvey
On September 15, Green Mountain Power CEO Mary Powell, Vermont Congressman Peter Welch, Governor Peter Shumlin, Rutland Mayor Chris Louras, and others gathered to announce that Rutland, Vermont, is the Solar Capital of New England. What they mean by this is that there is significantly more solar power generated in Rutland, per capita, that in any other city in the region.
The effort to achieve the goal has been underway since it was announced, in 2013. The target was to get 7,000 kilowatts (kW) of solar photovoltaics (PVs) installed. That goal was surpassed, however. The total capacity of PVs installed to date was 7,870 kW. Perhaps more important in its implications is the fact that the original goal, for the installation to be completed by 2017, was achieved over a year early.
There were fifty-one PV installations put up as part of the project. The smallest were quite small, as two were only one kW each. Three were of 2,000 kW or larger. Seven were made possible by grants from GMP.
The projects in Rutland date to considerations arising during the merger of GMP with Central Vermont Public Service (CVPS). Rutland was the home of CVPS, which had its main offices there, and employed a lot of people locally. A merger would make many workers' jobs redundant, meaning there was a possibility that some employees would lose their jobs. There was concern that Rutland, which was hardly excessively prosperous, could be hit hard economically. The issue was recognized in advance, and a way to address it became part of the merger negotiations.
Aerial view of Rutland's largest solar project, Stafford Hill Solar Farm. Photo credit Eric Hudiburg (www.erichudiburg.com)
One GMP proposal was to open a research center in Rutland. While the Energy Innovation Center provides local employment, it has also turned out to produce some very interesting work. Among other things, it has studied new ways to understand how a utility can benefit customers while still making a decent living for itself. GMP has been working to develop not just a new utility business plan, but a new paradigm for its place in society.
Thanks to our sponsor.
Of special interest for the present, however, GMP has been giving value to the Rutland economy by moving it toward solar power. That was the reason for the push to make it the solar capital. It provided employment, and contributed significantly to the local economy.
Solar power also can contribute to the energy security of the city. GMP built a microgrid, with a 4,000 kW battery for power backup, that can provide emergency power to essential services including the emergency shelter at the high school, the hospital, and other facilities.
When solar power is installed it has an interesting effect on power costs. It helps stabilize wholesale prices during the time of day when demand is highest. Ultimately, this can produce important savings for customers.
The efficiencies resulting from the merger had impressive value for ratepayers throughout Vermont. GMP promised this to be $144 million over 10 years. Some of this would be in reduced electricity costs. There would be other forms of return, however, and ways to benefit everyone, especially those who needed it most, have been examined.
GMP has not limited its efforts to Rutland. It has been helping customers throughout its service area reduce their energy costs significantly. For that purpose, it is introduced and expanded programs to help with installation of solar panels, heat pumps, insulation, improved windows, air sealing, and more. GMP is also interested in extending distributed generation in other parts of the state, though no specific plans have been announced as yet.
One final point is that while GMP was doing these things, it somehow remembered to visit the Public Service Board with requests for permission to reduce our electric rates each year since the merger. Elsewhere, power rates have gone up, but in GMP's territory, they have declined.
Capacity in kW
33 homes and businesses
Rutland Regional Ambulance
VT Farmers Food Center
Rutland Region TV-Peg TV
The Paramount Theatre
Depot Park
Rutland County Parent Child Center 9
Creek Path
Electrical Maintenance Building
Energy Innovation Center
GMP Grove Street
GMP Solar Center @ Rutland Regional
Stafford Hill
NextSun Route 7 array
Next Sun Park Street array
NRG Residential Solar Solution
Grand Total, 51 projects
October 18th, 2015 | Tags: Front Cover, October 2015 GET, Rutland | Category: Front Cover, October 2015


Sentence correction in GMAT Verbal- tricks to ace the SC questions!
Home » GMAT » Sentence correction in GMAT Verbal- tricks to ace the SC questions!
Are you worried about the GMAT verbal section because grammar is not your strong suit? Does the thought of 75 minutes of grueling grammar scare you? Well, you will be surprised to know that the sentence correction questions can be the easiest part of GMAT Verbal Reasoning! What does mastering the sentence correction part of verbal reasoning entail? Read below for tips on acing the sentence correction section!
The sentence correction part, as you are well aware of, aims to test your knowledge of English grammar. To note, the GMAT tests you on American English, so those of you who have studied the British language need to be a little careful on the exam. For example, the Americans spell "flavour" with only an "o", i.e. "flavor". Similarly the word "colour", which they spell as "color". So you need to make sure you are conversant with American spellings. But these will not make a very big difference when it comes to sentence correction. The SC checks your grammar, and not particularly your spelling, although new spellings in the questions might trip you!
As with other chapters on the exam, sentence correction questions' difficulty can vary from 200-level to 700-level. A 600+ level question in sentence correction typically requires changing the whole sentence. The whole sentence would be underlined for you to make the necessary corrections.
A Sentence Correction question has 5 options from which the correct answer is to be chosen. The first option, is a reproduction of the question itself! If you feel the given sentence has nothing wrong with it, choose the first option.
Types of sentence correction questions.
As mentioned earlier, questions of all score levels are present in the sentence correction section. You may get only 2 to 3 words underlined to be corrected, or say a part separated by punctuation, and only the underlined part (and not the entire sentence) is to be corrected.
To make the right choice, read the entire sentence first at a quick go without paying attention to the underlined part. Try to figure out what it is that strikes you as being grammatically incorrect. Once you've figured out the correction areas, go back to the sentence and read it again, this time looking at the underlined portion.
Now catch the wrong part, be it punctuation or conjunction or tenses, and check the choices given. Select the one that you feel is correct.
Remember that roughly 10 to 14 questions in the GMAT Verbal section will be for sentence correction. The other questions are distributed over the critical reasoning and the reading comprehension sections.
Like our tips? You can try out full-fledged exercises on GMAT sentence correction on our website or on our mobile apps on Android Play Store and iOS App Store! We have over 500 pages of Study Material for all sections of the GMAT (including Sentence Correction), multiple full-length Adaptive mock tests, and practice questions for all chapter specific areas. You can try us out for FREE, with our 7-day trial!
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"Sensing Spaces: Architecture Reimagined" will see the Main Galleries of the Royal Academy of Arts transformed by seven architectural practices from around the world. The RA has commissioned the architects to create site-specific installations; the shared brief is to explore the essential elements of architecture.
Instead of representations of buildings in the form of models, plans or photographs, the RA is re-defining the traditional architectural exhibition to immerse visitors in a multi-sensory experience. "Sensing Spaces: Architecture Reimagined" considers architecture from the angle of the human encounter: how vision, touch, sound and memory play a role in our perceptions of space, proportion, materials and light.
The architects have been carefully selected to form a group whose distinct approaches share similarities and offer contrasts. They all create work that is particularly responsive to people and place. They share an understanding of the sensorial capacity of architecture and its materiality. The interventions within the Academy's galleries will engage visitors with structures, textures, sounds, spaces and even scents.
A monumental structure by Pezo von Ellrichshausen, occupying the largest of the galleries, will challenge our sense of perspective; inspired by a Ko-Do, the Japanese smell ceremony, Kuma will highlight the importance of scent; Kéré's tunnel will invite visitors to physically interact with the structure's fabric; a labyrinth by Li Xiaodong will create a sense of containment and compression in contrast to Grafton's exploration of light. Siza and Souto de Moura's subtle installations will encourage visitors to consider the architectural history of the building. A specially made film will provide visitors with the opportunity to 'meet' the architects. The footage will present a range of their previous building projects, transporting the viewer from a house on the rugged Chilean coast to a school in Burkina Faso, Africa.
Filmed interviews with the architects will provide further insights about their work and inspirations.
Kate Goodwin, Drue Heinz Curator of Architecture at the RA said "Architecture is the ever-present background to our lives and we often don't recognise the impact it has. We have challenged the architects to create an experience which excites the senses and sparks the imagination. We hope to transform the way you think about the spaces around you and how they make you feel".


text:
US Air Force Declares Space a New 'Warfighting Domain'
Nov 12, 2017 by admin in Dahboo77
In order to increase the global dominance and "lethality" of the US military, the Air Force is moving to modernize its space capabilities and to secure the "freedom to attack and maneuver" in their new "warfighting domain," top officials have stated.
Learn More: https://www.rt.com/usa/409535-us-air-…
Ohio Sues Monsanto Over Toxic Chemicals State officials filed a lawsuit against agribusiness giant Monsanto Monday over contaminants they the company manufactured despite knowing they were toxic. Monsanto manufactured and sold PCBs from 1929 to 1977 under the name Aroclor for use in a variety of...
Get Ready for Concealed Guns In All 50 States The National Rifle Association has called the concealed carry bill, which would make it easier for gun owners to keep their firearms hidden when crossing state lines, its "highest legislative priority in Congress." Despite concerns raised by Democrats about states'...
Watch The Signs! Europe Readying Civilian Infrastructure for Coming Events NATO's urging its members to make its civilian infrastructure suitable for military maneuvers is a "bad sign," a three-star Russian general told RT. He argued that it shows Washington would like to see Europe and Russia battling each other. "This...
Heads Up! Staged Events Spark Talk of Regulating Social Media and Free Speech! Whether preplanned or inadvertent, one of the most likely and far-reaching consequences of the scandal is that social media giants might soon come under strict regulation by the state. Learn More: http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-11…...
Soros Transfers $18 Billion to His Foundation, Creating An Instant Giant George Soros, who built one of the world's largest fortunes through a famous series of trades, has turned over nearly $18 billion to Open Society Foundations, according to foundation officials, a move that transforms both the philanthropy he founded and...
Censored! France Warns Media Not to Publish Hacked Macron Emails, Threatens Charges After 9 gigabytes of Macron-linked documents and emails were released on an anonymous pastebin website on Friday afternoon in what Macron's campaign said was a "massive and coordinated" hacking attack, France – fearing a similar response to what happened with...


text:
Логоне је река у екваторијалној Африци, притока реке Шари (слив језера Чад); 900 km. Има две велике притоке: реку Пенде (источни Логон) у префектури Оухам-Пенде у Централноафричкој Републици и реку Мбере (западни Логон) на истоку Камеруна. У доњем току пловна за време високих водостаја. Ток реке се прити већ 38 година (1951–84) у Бонгору, граду у Чаду низводно од уливања Пенде изнад ушћа у Шари.

Рамсарском конвенцијом о заштити мочварних подручја обухваћена је и река Логоне, под бр. 1560.

Референце

Реке Африке
Реке Чада
Реке Камеруна
Реке Централноафричке Републике


This is a beautiful pearl pendant crafted in 18ct white gold. Featuring a natural round white pearl with a fancy design to the top of the pendant set with natural white diamonds adding an amazing sparkle when wearing. The perfect necklace to finish off any outfit. The chain to this necklace is purchasable for an additional cost, measuring 16" with 2 mm width.


Good Morning everyone!! WOW!! What a BEAUTIFUL morning! I've already gone to the gym this morning...tough bootcamp! I go faithfully but don't seem to lose much weight...I like food too much! I think I workout so I CAN eat...lol! Actually, I have a love hate relationship with the gym...I HATE getting up early so it's really difficult for me to be there by 5am! I LOVE how I feel after a good work out...EXHAUSTED, but ENERGIZED...if that makes ANY SENSE at all!!
Well...back to the BEAUTIFUL morning! When I took kids to school this morning the sky was blue and the fall colors were vibrant. It makes me so happy when my kids notice the beauty around them and it was that kind of morning today...they both said how pretty it was! What a BLESSING!!
Well...I have to get out and finish getting my World Card Making kits together today so I better hurry up and share what I have for today!
This is another Tic Tac Toe Challenge project. The challenge was to use Christmas Themed designer paper! SUPER EASY! I absolutely LOVE the Merry Little Christmas designer paper pack so that is my background for this card. It is mounted onto Basic Black cardstock and then onto a Whisper White card base. I used my Stitched Shapes framelits to cut the stitched circle in Old Olive cardstock. The trees are from the Card Front Builder framelits. I used the Pretty Pines thinlit dies to cut the details from Lemon Lime Twist cardstock and Silver Foil Sheets. The sentiment is from the Hearts Come Home stamp set...its a TERRIFIC Bundle! OF COURSE I had to add some Rhinestone BLING to finish it off!!!
I have one more Tic Tac Toe Challenge project to share with you tomorrow so be sure to stop back by! Thanks BUNCHES for checking in today and letting me share another creation with you!


To create your own pinwheel, follow these directions - to print this page,click here.
To watch a QuickTime movie that shows you how to make a pinwheel, click here.
All rights reserved. For permission to use information on this site, please contact us.


text:
Q: dictionary of dictionary key to multi index I have a nested dictionary object i want to convert to multiindex data frame, how can I achieve it.
E.g.
t['a'] = dict()
t['b'] = dict()
t['a']['1'] = pd.DataFrame([ [1.0,2.0],[3.0,4.0] ])
t['a']['2'] = pd.DataFrame([ [5.0,6.0],[7.0,8.0] ])
t['b']['1'] = pd.DataFrame([ [1.0,2.0],[3.0,4.0] ])
t['b']['2'] = pd.DataFrame([ [5.0,6.0],[7.0,8.0] ])

so I want to convert to one data frame with index like
a
   1        0      1
      0    1.0    2.0
      1    3.0    4.0
   2
      0    5.0    6.0
      1    7.0    8.0
b
   1
      0    1.0    2.0
      1    3.0    4.0
   2
      0    5.0    6.0
      1    7.0    8.0

I think I can use MultiIndex(levels=[ ['a','b'], [1,2] ]) but I don't know how to construct labels. I also don't know how to pass in dict values as data array.

A: I find it's easiest to get to a MultiIndex from a list of tuples, as described here.
Using your example, we have a nested dictionary like
In [25]: t
Out[25]:
{'a': {'1':    0  1
0  1  2
1  3  4, '2':    0  1
0  5  6
1  7  8},
 'b': {'1':    0  1
0  1  2
1  3  4, '2':    0  1
0  5  6
1  7  8}}

If you want to make your head hurt a bit, you can use this list comprehension:
In [50]: tuples = [(x, y, z) for x in t for y in t[x] for z in t[x][y]]

In [51]: tuples
Out[51]:
[('a', '1', 0),
 ('a', '1', 1),
 ('a', '2', 0),
 ('a', '2', 1),
 ('b', '1', 0),
 ('b', '1', 1),
 ('b', '2', 0),
 ('b', '2', 1)]

And then idx = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(tuples) will work as your index.
Getting the values unpacked is a bit more work.
Edit: You really should just go to Jeff's answer, but for completeness:
In [114]: df = pd.concat([x for z in t for x in t[z].values()])

In [115]: df.index = idx

In [118]: df
Out[118]:
       0  1
a 1 0  1  2
    1  3  4
  2 0  5  6
    1  7  8
b 1 0  1  2
    1  3  4
  2 0  5  6
    1  7  8

A: a dict of frames forms a panel, to_frame transmutes to a 2-level index,
you want an additional level which concat forms when passed a dict
In theory you could do something like a recursive reduction if you needed more levels, but that blows up the brain. To get your exact output, you can do a sortlevel.
In [36]: concat( dict([ (k,Panel(v).to_frame()) for k,v in t.items() ]) , names= ['level'])
Out[36]:
                   1  2
level major minor
a     0     0      1  5
            1      2  6
      1     0      3  7
            1      4  8
b     0     0      1  5
            1      2  6
      1     0      3  7
            1      4  8

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: What is the difference between library and package? I am little bit confused with the name package. I have heard about matplotlib plotting library for Python, gnuplotfortran plotting library for Fortran. But Can't I say them packages instead of library?
Please clarify if there is any difference between library and package in a broad sense.

A: Libraries are a more abstract concept than for example, packages, assemblies, or gems. The latter constructs are platform specific terms for concrete components of code bases. Libraries are often comprised of several components.
Think
of libraries as sets of cohesive, related tools dealing with some problem domain. On the other hand, think of packages as units of organization and modularization for grouping code assets.


The VR music app will bring you right on stage with the band.
Music streaming service Rhapsody is jumping into the VR game with their first VR app – Rhapsody VR. The company which has been around since the early days of music streaming 14 years ago doesn't just want you to listen to music, but actually experience it.
Currently the app only has a total of nine 360° live music performances, with other artists featured including The Blind Shake, Low Cut Connie, Big Ups, Eli "Paperboy" Reed, Sweet Spirit and Shannon and The Clams. Rhapsody states they will be adding new content every month.
360º video production was provided by Minneapolis-based VR company Visual, whose founder Chuck Olsen worked closely with the Rhapsody team on Rhapsody VR. "360° video is emerging as an exciting way to experience music and entertainment, and it's been awesome to work with the future-thinking musicheads at Rhapsody," Olsen said.


Fritters. Something that I thoroughly enjoy eating but have struggled to get 100% right. I'm either putting too much flour, or adding milk when I don't have to or just the combination of flavours doesn't work out.
Ages ago when I was super lazy but hungry for something healthy, I would just eat tinned tuna, corn kernels with salt and pepper. It served its purpose but was just not enough to make a meal and so stemmed the idea to incorporate this flavour combo into fritters.
This recipe has just four ingredients + any additional seasoning you want to add. I decided to serve this up with a quick yoghurt sauce I threw together. I will provide the recipe for the sauce I made as well.
Here it is if you want to have a go! Fritters are dairy free but can be made gluten free with a simple flour swap.
In another bowl, add all the ingredients and mix until well combined.
Heat up olive oil in a fry pan on a medium heat. Using a ladle or large spoon, place even amounts of batter into the pan. Cook for about 2-3 minutes per side or until golden brown.
On a plate, place a large dollop of the yoghurt sauce then the fritters on top. Garnish with additional lime juice and parsley. Serve immediately.
I am submitting my recipe today as part of the Our Growing Edge monthly food sharing community. The theme this month is Family Favourites and is hosted by Mark and Susan over at Simple Sundays. If you are interested in sharing your Family Favourites creations this month, check out the instructions on how to submit over at Our Growing Edge.
I did once say that if I had to eat one dip for the rest of my life it would be hummus. Rest assured, that is still the case. However, it is time to expand out of the range and play around with other ingredients to make some tasty, healthy meals for work lunch. I'm a big fan of meal prep and dip provides a perfect means for this as it can be made ahead and stored for a longer period of time in the fridge compared to other products. It also has the element of versatility where you can serve it with crackers, veggie sticks or as part of a salad or as an accompanying spread on sandwich. The options are endless.
To give this dip a bit more body, I decided to add some fresh breadcrumbs. I have kept things simple, as always, but never compromising on flavour. If you want to give it a go, follow the recipe below!
In a food processor/pulse blender, add all of the ingredients.
Blend until a smooth consistency is established. Too easy!
As much as I adore PB choc bliss balls, thought it was time to try something else! Whoever thought of bringing sweet and savoury flavours into one dish is a genius. I have taken that concept and put it into my bliss balls as they are fast becoming one of my favourite work snacks.
Bliss balls are super easy, jam packed full of deliciousness and will keep you full for your afternoon! These are dairy, gluten and refined sugar free!
In a food processor, add of the ingredients except the coconut.
Process until ingredients are well combined.
On a plate, add a few spoons of desiccated coconut. Using gloves, a spoon or bare hands, roll the mixture into evenly sized bliss balls.
Roll each ball through the coconut. Repeat until all the bliss ball mixture has been used.
Store in the fridge/freezer and enjoy!
*** The bliss balls will still turn out wonderfully without soaking the nuts prior to blending, but soaking them makes them so so creamy and perfect for these sweet treats!


Excellent read – and great for you! Looks like things are really moving along for you. Thanks for the inspiration.
Congratulations on your success! And thank you for being candid about your numbers. I always find it fascinating.
What you had to say about support other authors and not looking at it as competition resonated with me. I've been looking at the other authors writing gryphon books and I'm only finding about 50 books (I'm not brave enough to turn the safe search filter off on Amazon, but I'm sure there's a few in erotica I'm missing, too). As a reader, even when I'm half-dead, I usually get 50-100 books and 200 short stories read a year. That means I could get through all of the gryphon books out there before 2018 is done. I'd rather read them, support the authors, and help any other readers on a gryphon reading kick find the books they're looking for. It's not like I'm going to release 50 gryphon books a year. Or even 50 books, period. I'd rather be friendly with other authors than compete with them. After all, I'm reading their books as a fan at the same time I'm working on my own books.


text:
US adds 151,000 jobs, unemployment rate unchanged at 4.9%
Sam Ro September 2, 2016
The US labor market disappointed in August.
US companies added just 151,000 payrolls during the month, missing expectations for 180,000 payrolls. While the numbers were lighter than expected, it reflects the 71st consecutive month of job gains, which is already the longest streak on record.
The unemployment rate stood at 4.9% in August, which was higher than the 4.8% forecast by economists. Notably, the July unemployment rate was revised up to 4.9% from an earlier estimate of 4.8%.
(Image: BLS0
Below is a look at unemployment rates by demographic. Most categories saw unemployment rates climb. Notably the unemployment rate for people with less than a high school diploma jumped to 7.2% from 6.3%.
(Image: BLS)
Here's a look at the number of payrolls added by industry. Manufacturing was particularly weak with payrolls falling by 14,000 during the month. On the other hand, the services sector was much more robust, adding 150,000 payrolls.
Average hourly earnings climbed at a 2.4% pace, which was a bit lighter than the 2.5% expected.
The ongoing net addition of jobs continues to be welcome news for the US economy, which is now seven years removed from the global financial crisis.
But the slowing pace is a bit concerning. All of this complicates things for the Federal Reserve, which has signaling that tighter monetary policy could be coming soon.
What this could mean for the Fed
The Fed's Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meets later this month to discuss and decide on the direction of monetary policy, which includes the prospect of interest rate hikes.
"The August employment report will be an important input into the FOMC decision at the September 20-21 meeting," Goldman Sachs' Elad Pashtan said.
Despite what continues to be an uncertain global economic and geopolitical environment, US economic data continue to hold up. This has put pressure on the Federal Reserve to tighten monetary policy a bit with an interest rate hike, which it last did in December.
"Indeed, in light of the continued solid performance of the labor market and our outlook for economic activity and inflation, I believe the case for an increase in the federal funds rate has strengthened in recent months," Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen said at last week's Kansas City Fed Economic Policy Symposium in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.
Currently, traders are betting that the next rate hike from the Fed will come in December. But no one has completely ruled out September, especially following Yellen's hawkish tone.
Other labor market indicators moderate
According to payroll processor ADP, US companies added 177,000 private jobs in August. This compares to 194,000 in July.
The employment sub-indexes for the US national and regional manufacturing surveys broadly saw deterioration in August. The ISM manufacturing report, the Philadelphia Fed Business Outlook report, the Dallas Fed Manufacturing Outlook report, and the Kansas City Fed Manufacturing Survey all signaled slowdowns in hiring.
"A slower pace of hiring is entirely consistent with the historical performance of the labor market at the latter stages of the business cycle," Deutsche Bank's Joe Lavorgna said on Thursday. "Typically, when the unemployment rate has approached 5%, the rate of job creation has slowed. The recent performance of the manufacturing ISM survey is also telling us that employment growth should continue to trend downward."
The ISM manufacturing index doesn't bode well for jobs. (Image: Deutsche Bank)
The headline ISM manufacturing index fell to 49.4 in August from 52.6 in July. This sub-50 reading signaled the first contraction in US manufacturing in six months.
Bear in mind that monthly data can be noisy and are subject to revisions.
Sam Ro is managing editor at Yahoo Finance.
Bullishness in the derivatives market has hit a 3-year high
Don't be fooled by the calm in the markets
The stage is set for the next 10% plunge in stocks
David Rosenberg nails the stock market in a perfect sentence
The stock market is making no sense for a lot of investors
Market Value Adjustment (MVA) and Your Annuity
Fed's Bullard: "Material reassessment" is "big tent language"
Christmas slump in high-street sales boosts chances of interest-rate cut
The U.S.-China Trade Deal Was Not Even a Modest Win
Arnold Schwarzenegger Is Not Impressed


text:
Q: Datatable subset of columns from another datatable I have a datatable with 17 columns and a bunch of data.
I wnat a datatable with only 6 of the columns and the data for those 6 columns.
So I need a subset of the original datatable.
How do I loop through the original datatable with 17 columns and end up with a datatable with only the 6 columns I want with the corresponding data for those 6 columns?

A: Private Function createSmallCopyofExistingTable(ByVal SourceTable As DataTable) As DataTable
    Dim newTable As DataTable = New DataTable()

    'Copy Only 6 columns from the datatable
    Dim ColumnsToExport() As String = {"ID", "FirstName", "LastName", "DateOfBirth", "City", "State"}

    newTable = SourceTable.DefaultView.ToTable("tempTableName", False, ColumnsToExport)

    Return newTable
End Function

A: Without knowing more about how generic this needs to be its really just...
foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
{
  newDt.Rows.Add(dr["col1"],dr["col5"],etc);
}

A: what about data types, and columns? are these same? if yes, you can create
 object[] row = new object[]{// Fill your rows manually};

before filling it create
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
dt.Columns.Add("Title",typeof(string etc..));.....

and finally
dt.Rows.Add(row);

A: Personally, I would avoid creating another instance of a DataTable.
It depends on your situation, of course, but if this is purely for usability and not for security (i.e. you're not trying to remove columns with sensitive data before transmitting it somewhere), then I would create a wrapper object that encapsulates the columns that you want to expose.
The benefit of using a wrapper is in case you are doing any updates, then you can update the source table directly rather than the copy.  Whether this really matters, of course, depends on your situation.
A simple example with limited functionality:
public class MyFormOrPage
{
    void UsageExample()
    {
        DataTable allDataTable = new DataTable();
        // populate the data table with whatever logic ...

        // wrap the data table to expose only the Name, Address, and PhoneNumber columns
        var limitedDataTable = new DataTableWrapper(allDataTable, "Name", "Address", "PhoneNumber");

        // iterate over the rows
        foreach (var limitedDataRow in limitedDataTable)
        {
            // iterate over the columns
            for (int i = 0; i < limitedDataTable.ColumnCount; i++)
            {
                object value = limitedDataRow[i];
                // do something with the value ...
            }
        }

        // bind the wrapper to a control
        MyGridControl.DataSource = limitedDataTable;
    }
}

public class DataTableWrapper : IEnumerable<DataRowWrapper>
{
    private DataTable _Table;

    private string[] _ColumnNames;

    public DataTableWrapper(DataTable table, params string[] columnNames)
    {
        this._Table = table;

        this._ColumnNames = columnNames;
    }

    public int ColumnCount
    {
        get { return this._ColumnNames.Length; }
    }

    public IEnumerator<DataRowWrapper> GetEnumerator()
    {
        foreach (DataRow row in this._Table.Rows)
        {
            yield return new DataRowWrapper(row, this._ColumnNames);
        }
    }

    #region IEnumerable Members

    System.Collections.IEnumerator System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
        return this.GetEnumerator();
    }

    #endregion

    // if you _really_ want to make a copy of the DataTable, you can use this method
    public DataTable CopyToDataTable()
    {
        DataTable copyTable = new DataTable();
        for (int index = 0; index < this._ColumnNames.Length; index++)
        {
            DataColumn column = this._Table.Columns[index];
            copyTable.Columns.Add(column);
        }
        foreach (DataRow row in this._Table.Rows)
        {
            DataRow copyRow = copyTable.NewRow();
            for (int index = 0; index < this._ColumnNames.Length; index++)
            {
                copyRow[index] = row[this._ColumnNames[index]];
            }
            copyTable.Rows.Add(copyRow);
        }
        return copyTable;
    }
}

// let's make this a struct, since potentially very many of these will be instantiated
public struct DataRowWrapper
{
    private DataRow _Row;

    private string[] _ColumnNames;

    public DataRowWrapper(DataRow row, params string[] columnNames)
    {
        this._Row = row;

        this._ColumnNames = columnNames;
    }

    // use this to retrieve column values from a row
    public object this[int index]
    {
        get { return this._Row[this._ColumnNames[index]]; }
        set { this._Row[this._ColumnNames[index]] = value; }
    }

    // just in case this is still needed...
    public object this[string columnName]
    {
        get { return this._Row[columnName]; }
        set { this._Row[columnName] = value; }
    }
}


For a year I have been telling people that the 2012 presidential contest is far more important than the 2008 election. Yes, in 2008 America elected its first African-American president in Barack Obama. This was a profoundly historic achievement no matter how you figure it. But that outcome, to borrow some apt social science jargon, was over-determined.
Say what? Here's why: George W. Bush was a lame duck incumbent in 2008. No matter what, he was out. The sense was endemic that Bush's was a failed presidency, involving a deeply polarized nation, two misguided wars, the massive incompetence and indifference seen in Katrina and an imploding economy. In such a context, a Democrat, any Democrat, was expected to win.
And, indeed, virtually all of the arid econometric models that forecast elections predicted a Democratic victory, with roughly 53 percent of the popular vote. This is exactly what Obama got -- even as an African American claiming a major party nomination for the first time in the history of the nation.
Why does 2012 matter more?


text:
Q: DATAFRAME TO BIGQUERY - Error: FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/tmp1yeitxcu_job_4b7daa39.parquet' I am uploading a dataframe to a bigquery table.
df.to_gbq('Deduplic.DailyReport', project_id=BQ_PROJECT_ID, credentials=credentials, if_exists='append')

And I get the following error:
OSError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/google/cloud/bigquery/client.py in load_table_from_dataframe(self, dataframe, destination, num_retries, job_id, job_id_prefix, location, project, job_config, parquet_compression, timeout)
   2624
-> 2625                     _pandas_helpers.dataframe_to_parquet(
   2626                         dataframe,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/google/cloud/bigquery/_pandas_helpers.py in dataframe_to_parquet(dataframe, bq_schema, filepath, parquet_compression, parquet_use_compliant_nested_type)
    672     arrow_table = dataframe_to_arrow(dataframe, bq_schema)
--> 673     pyarrow.parquet.write_table(
    674         arrow_table,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyarrow/parquet.py in write_table(table, where, row_group_size, version, use_dictionary, compression, write_statistics, use_deprecated_int96_timestamps, coerce_timestamps, allow_truncated_timestamps, data_page_size, flavor, filesystem, compression_level, use_byte_stream_split, column_encoding, data_page_version, use_compliant_nested_type, **kwargs)
   2091                 **kwargs) as writer:
-> 2092             writer.write_table(table, row_group_size=row_group_size)
   2093     except Exception:

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyarrow/parquet.py in write_table(self, table, row_group_size)
    753
--> 754         self.writer.write_table(table, row_group_size=row_group_size)
    755

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyarrow/_parquet.pyx in pyarrow._parquet.ParquetWriter.write_table()

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyarrow/error.pxi in pyarrow.lib.check_status()

OSError: [Errno 28] Error writing bytes to file. Detail: [errno 28] No space left on device

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

FileNotFoundError                         Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-8-f7137c1f7ee8> in <module>
     62 )
     63
---> 64 df.to_gbq('Deduplic.DailyReport', project_id=BQ_PROJECT_ID, credentials=credentials, if_exists='append')

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/core/frame.py in to_gbq(self, destination_table, project_id, chunksize, reauth, if_exists, auth_local_webserver, table_schema, location, progress_bar, credentials)
   2052         from pandas.io import gbq
   2053
-> 2054         gbq.to_gbq(
   2055             self,
   2056             destination_table,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas/io/gbq.py in to_gbq(dataframe, destination_table, project_id, chunksize, reauth, if_exists, auth_local_webserver, table_schema, location, progress_bar, credentials)
    210 ) -> None:
    211     pandas_gbq = _try_import()
--> 212     pandas_gbq.to_gbq(
    213         dataframe,
    214         destination_table,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas_gbq/gbq.py in to_gbq(dataframe, destination_table, project_id, chunksize, reauth, if_exists, auth_local_webserver, table_schema, location, progress_bar, credentials, api_method, verbose, private_key)
   1191         return
   1192
-> 1193     connector.load_data(
   1194         dataframe,
   1195         destination_table_ref,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas_gbq/gbq.py in load_data(self, dataframe, destination_table_ref, chunksize, schema, progress_bar, api_method, billing_project)
    584
    585         try:
--> 586             chunks = load.load_chunks(
    587                 self.client,
    588                 dataframe,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas_gbq/load.py in load_chunks(client, dataframe, destination_table_ref, chunksize, schema, location, api_method, billing_project)
    235 ):
    236     if api_method == "load_parquet":
--> 237         load_parquet(
    238             client,
    239             dataframe,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pandas_gbq/load.py in load_parquet(client, dataframe, destination_table_ref, location, schema, billing_project)
    127
    128     try:
--> 129         client.load_table_from_dataframe(
    130             dataframe,
    131             destination_table_ref,

~/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/google/cloud/bigquery/client.py in load_table_from_dataframe(self, dataframe, destination, num_retries, job_id, job_id_prefix, location, project, job_config, parquet_compression, timeout)
   2670
   2671         finally:
-> 2672             os.remove(tmppath)
   2673
   2674     def load_table_from_json(

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/tmp/tmp1yeitxcu_job_4b7daa39.parquet'

A solution please

A: As Ricco D has mentioned, when writing the dataframe to the table, the BigQuery client creates temporary files on the host system, then removes it once the dataframe is written. The source code of the client for your reference. The linked code chunk does the following operations.

*

*Create a temporary file

*Load the temporary file into the table

*Delete the file after loading.

The error you are facing is from the 1st step. There is not enough space for the BigQuery client to create the temporary file. So, consider deleting unused files from the host system for the client to create the temporary files.


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