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Home / Cricket / Sachin Tendulkar 'warned BCCI' about Greg Chappell before 2007 ICC World Cup
Sachin Tendulkar 'warned BCCI' about Greg Chappell before 2007 ICC World Cup
Sachin Tendulkar said that he never expected to lose against Bangladesh at the 2007 ICC World Cup, and blamed the-then Indian cricket team coach Greg Chappell for changing batting line-ups and the team structure a month ahead of the tournament
cricket Updated: May 27, 2017 11:43 IST
HT Correspondent
Hindustan Times, Mumbai
Sachin Tendulkar (R) has been critical of Greg Chappell's tactics before and during India's ill-fated 2007 ICC World Cup campaign.(AFP/Getty Images)
Legendary batsman Sachin Tendulkar has admitted that he had warned a BCCI official before the 2007 World Cup that the team wasn't in great shape and that they wouldn't go too far in the tournament. India had suffered a horrifying exit from the group stages after losing to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka after being the finalist in the previous edition.
In his recently released biopic 'Sachin: A Billion Dreams', Tendulkar states that he wasn't quite happy with the appointment of Greg Chappell in the side with the latter behaving more like a schoolmaster than a national team coach.
READ | Sachin: A Billion Dreams - Will it inspire Indian cricket team at Champions Trophy?
"A number of senior players disagreed with the manner in which Chappel was handling our side. Just before a month from the World Cup, he made drastic changes in the batting order that affected everyone in the side. And, they were not needed. Other teams had been practicing according to their plans and strategies for the past one year then. But we were still experimenting with our side," Tendulkar is seen narrating in the movie.
Besides Tendulkar, a number of players have termed the exit from the 2007 as the worst phase of their career. The general mob had gone unruly and Tendulkar admits that he had even thought of retirement a couple of times.
READ | Why Virender Sehwag missed Sachin Tendulkar's biopic, 'Sachin: A Billion Dreams'
He thanks West Indies great Vivian Richards for calling him up and explaining it to him why it wasn't going to be a right choice for the batsman to hang up his boots and urged him to cling on. The 2007 World Cup was held in the West Indies.
"We were there as a team, but weren't a team. I had even told a Board official that the team wasn't in great shape. I had never thought that we could lose a match against Bangladesh," Tendulkar says.
READ |ICC Champions Trophy: Sarfraz Ahmed says Pakistan will give their all vs India
His wife, Anjali Tendulkar, too, reiterated that it was indeed a tough time for the family, including their children.
"Everywhere people were demonstrating and protesting against the manner in which the team had suffered the exit. I had to relentlessly explain to Arjun and Sara that they might have to hear a number of things in school from their fellow batchmates but they shouldn't pay heed to it" she said.
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Watched videos of de Villiers, Smith and Williamson: KL Rahul
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In his new book, "The Back Channel," William J. Burns, a career diplomat and foreign-service officer, makes the case for American diplomacy in a very undiplomatic age. Burns, who served in both Republican and Democratic Administrations for three decades, notably as President George W. Bush's Ambassador to Russia between 2005 and 2008, narrates America's post-Cold War foreign policy through the lens of his dealings with dictators, Secretaries of State, and Presidents, from George H. W. Bush to Barack Obama. The spectre of the current President looms over the book: Burns sees Donald Trump as a force that is destroying American credibility, and diminishing the country's ability to function effectively in the world.
Burns, who now runs the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, refers to himself as a "card-carrying member of the Washington establishment." (His book was blurbed by Hillary Clinton, Condoleezza Rice, and Henry Kissinger.) But to what degree is Trump's rise the result of mistakes, such as the war in Iraq, that were made by that very establishment? To discuss that question, I recently spoke by phone with Burns. During our conversation, which has been edited for length and clarity, we talked about his impressions of Vladimir Putin, the biggest danger of Trump's foreign policy, and the extent to which the U.S. has historically been interested in human rights.
In the book, you present Putin and the Russians around him as very angry about the way they feel they've been treated by the United States in the post–Cold War era. You express a certain sympathy for that view. But, when you look back on the last two decades of Putin, do you feel that American behavior could have actually changed him, or do you feel that this is a cover story for his own behavior, even if he was sincerely annoyed?
Certainly, over the course of my three and a half decades as a diplomat, [Americans] often tended to exaggerate our centrality in other countries' or other leaderships' considerations. I think there was a certain extent to which it was always going to be difficult for Russians, after the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, to accept what was, in effect, junior-partner status to a then singularly dominant United States.
I think they were always going to chafe at that. There was and remains a sense on the part of lots of people in the Russian political élite, not just Putin himself, that the West and the United States took advantage of Russia's moment of historical weakness in Yeltsin's Russia in the nineties. None of that is a justification for the aggressiveness that Putin has demonstrated in recent years. None of that is a justification for swallowing up part of the Ukraine. But I do think both of us operated under certain illusions—the Russian illusion that somehow they were going to be accepted, even though the power realities had changed enormously, as a peer, as a full partner, and the American illusion that we could always maneuver over or around Russia. There was bound to be a time when they were going to push back. I'm not a fatalist about history, but I think a certain amount of friction and a certain number of collisions were built into the equation.
What was something specific the United States could have done in the last twenty years that would have changed things in some way for the better?
I think, on the margins, it was a mistake to have, in a sense, remained on autopilot with regard to NATO expansion in 2008, when we pushed open the door for formal NATO membership for Ukraine and Georgia. I think that fed Putin's narrative that the United States was out to keep Russia down, to undermine Russia and what he saw to be its entitlement, its sphere of influence. I think it's not so much that that provided an excuse for what Putin later did in Ukraine. He was perfectly capable of doing that on his own, because Putin's view of Ukraine, I think, has always been that first prize is a deferential government in Kiev. If you can't have that, the next best thing is a dysfunctional Ukraine. But I think our efforts in 2008 helped him reinforce his narrative at home. He always used that narrative of "enemies at the gate," in particular the United States, to justify what is a deeply repressive political system at home.
You've met a lot of people who I imagine have somewhat authoritarian personalities.
I'm curious how Putin differs or doesn't differ from the typical way we imagine an authoritarian personality, because you had many dealings with him.
One theme that runs across all of them, at least in my experience, is a deep mistrust of just about everybody around them. It's true of lots of other authoritarians I dealt with, including the profoundly weird, like Muammar Qaddafi.
I always saw Putin as a combustible combination of grievance and ambition and insecurity, and all those three wrapped up together, in a way. The insecurity part is not something that he likes people to see easily, because he projects this kind of bare-chested persona to the rest of the world and to his own population. But there is, and it has roots in Russian history, this sense of insecurity about threats from the outside and threats from within his own society.
I would argue that history's judgment is going to be that he's added to that sense of insecurity. By swallowing up a couple of million Crimeans, he's insured that there are forty-two million other Ukrainians who never again want to accept a deferential role toward Russia. I think he missed the moment when he could have begun to diversify the economy beyond what comes out of the ground, beyond hydrocarbons, when he was surfing on a-hundred-and-thirty-dollar-a-barrel oil, and he missed because economic diversification took second place to political order. I think that's going to make it increasingly hard for Russia to compete as a major power in a very competitive twenty-first century.
When you were serving overseas, did you find that the way foreign governments or foreign leaders related to you had more to do with the particular position you held at the time, or with the particular position of America in the world at whatever time it was?
It had a lot to do with their perception of America in the world. I worked with Secretary of State [James] Baker, and that was a moment when the United States really stood as the unrivalled major power in the world. I don't mean that as a statement of arrogance. It was just a fact at the end of the Cold War. There was a certain respect that came with that simple power reality. But I've also thought that, for individual diplomats, whether it's when I played junior roles or as Ambassador, how you conduct yourself matters, too. I've always felt we get a lot further in the world with the power of our example than we do with the power of our preaching. Americans can sometimes, as I'm sure you've noticed, be awfully patronizing overseas.
When you look at the last two years, you could argue that we haven't had a huge war compared to what we had in previous Administrations, and the world seems to be chugging along. People are angry at us more, but fundamentally things are O.K., and that gives you a certain amount of hope about American foreign policy, even if you have a bad man in the White House. Or you could argue that groundwork has been laid for future problems. How do you view those two options, or am I thinking about it wrong?
I think we're doing a lot of corrosive damage to ourselves in the world over the last couple of years. I would emphasize that the drift in American diplomacy certainly was not something that was invented by Donald Trump. Throughout the post-Cold War era, I think we oftentimes tended to downplay the importance of diplomacy in the way in which we exercise leadership in the world, despite a number of accomplishments over those years. But I think what we're doing now is digging a pretty deep hole for ourselves internationally, and what I worry about is that eventually we'll stop digging, and we'll climb back to the top of the hole, but we'll look out at a landscape that has hardened in a number of ways against our interests.
The biggest concern I have is that what Trump has really turned on its head is the notion of enlightened self-interest. And again, we pursued that very imperfectly over the years, and I try to be honest about all the ways in which I got things wrong. But the Administrations of both parties thought we had one thing that sets us apart from lonelier powers like China and Russia, and that's the capacity to invest in alliances and mobilize other countries, whether it's to deal with challenges to regional order or big overarching problems, like the one existential problem that faces us today, which I'm convinced is climate change.
One thing that has consistently surprised me is that a lot of foreign-policy-establishment people from both parties—in the military, the diplomatic core, and the intelligence community—have expressed strong distaste for Trump, and it seems to have had no effect in a way that I think it probably would have forty years ago. Do you think that the lack of trust in the foreign-policy establishment is a result of declining trust in institutions and institutionalists generally, or do you connect it to events like Iraq, where large parts of the foreign-policy community really screwed up?
The honest answer, I think, is both. There are certainly specific unforced errors, certainly none greater than the one that we made in Iraq in 2003. I think there is an increasing angst and a distrust, as you said, of institutions, and you see that not just about American foreign policy. Trump, again, didn't invent any of that, but he's ridden it, and in some ways accelerated it, and made the fissures in our society worse. It's just a long way of saying I think we have to be honest, whether it's in Washington or outside of it, about that disconnect in our own society, because one of the big challenges, I think, in the next phase of American foreign policy is trying to begin to reduce that disconnect, or begin to bridge it.
There's been a visceral reaction in the foreign-policy community to Trump's embrace of authoritarians and the fact that he genuinely seems to admire them. At the same time, there was the Elliott Abrams issue, which came up several weeks ago, in which the foreign-policy community's own member was accused of having sympathy for people who were violating human rights. The response from much of the foreign-policy community seemed to be extreme anger and disappointment that he was being attacked, and, I thought, an unwillingness to examine, for example, the Reagan Administration's policies in Latin America. I was wondering if you think that there's a certain hypocrisy there and what you thought of that incident.
I think, broadly, I'd be the last person to argue that our record has been pristine in dealing with authoritarian leaders, certainly over the course of the thirty-five years I spent in the foreign service. Most times, in Administrations, we at least wrestled with the trade-offs involved—the trade-offs between our values and our interests in counterterrorism, coöperation, or whatever. Not pristine, because we got that balance wrong a lot of times. Certainly, in hindsight, in dealing with a leader like Hosni Mubarak, in Egypt, it would have made more sense to push harder than we did over the course of decades to begin to open up that society a little bit, because it was becoming more and more rigid, and fewer and fewer people were benefitting from whatever economic growth took place. I think, in that sense, there is a certain amount of hypocrisy. I think that's fair.
I do think that, in the Trump era, what's happened is that it's not so much trade-offs. It's cavalierly disregarding that there are trade-offs at all and not even recognizing them, and indulging authoritarians or admiring them. Or in the case of the President himself having what seems to be a very pronounced case of autocrat envy. We focus our criticism on Maduro, in Venezuela, who richly deserves it, and then pull punches with Mohammed bin Salman, in Saudi Arabia.
Again, I'm the last person to argue that perfect consistency is possible in foreign policy. It's not. But you at least have to be aware of and wrestle with the trade-off, and what I worry today is that we're not wrestling at all. We're just disregarding that whole set of issues and checking our values at the door when it comes to authoritarians whom at least this White House sees to be our friends. That's a mistake morally, but I think it's also a mistake practically, because not building two-way streets in those kind of relationships over time creates a more brittle partner.
O.K., but, just to be clear, your book has a blurb on the back from Henry Kissinger. I do not need to tell you about Henry Kissinger's record on human rights in Cambodia or Chile or Bangladesh.
No, I understand. I'm just telling you honestly that, while I'm the last person to argue that we've had a pristine record, I think what you're seeing today is on a scale that goes well beyond at least what I experienced, and that it's the disregard for this whole set of issues entirely that I think is going to come back to haunt us, just as variations on that have in previous eras.
I don't disagree that what we're seeing now is sui generis in certain ways. But I also wonder how much the foreign-policy community is actually reckoning with this, when people like Henry Kissinger continue to be respected beacons of wisdom, and so on. It does make me think that we're not really doing that.
Well, all I can tell you, Isaac, is I do think it's essential to come to terms with those issues. I wish I had a perfect formula for doing it. What I think we're seeing unfolding now is hugely flawed, and I think we need to learn from the mistakes we've made in the past and understand that, when you don't build those kind of two-way-street relationships with authoritarian regimes with whom we happen to share some interests on issues, it oftentimes comes back to haunt you, and that's what we saw in the Arab Spring.
No, I understand the skepticism, and, when I was talking about a disconnect, that's one of the reasons for it. I understand that very clearly.
Sorry to hear that. What do you see in Trump that is similar or not similar to some of the authoritarians that you talked about earlier?
I think it's almost the distaste for a democratic process, for the back-and-forthing that can be incredibly messy but is essential to any democratic system, including the American one. I think what you see, beyond the profound case of autocrat-envy that we were talking about before, is a tendency toward the sort of triumphalist rhetoric that you hear from lots of authoritarian leaders—that you just need to declare something rather than roll up your sleeves and engage in the difficult work of building coalitions within any political system—the tendency, rather than trying to build the sort of bridges that make progress in that system possible, to demonize people, demonize your political enemies.
I think the last thing I'd say is there's also a real danger—and you see this in the President's dealing with autocrats around the world—to think that somehow you can endear yourself to them by dumping on your political enemies publicly abroad, and that somehow ingratiating yourself with authoritarian leaders will enable you to have more effective policies and promote American interests. Generally, in my experience, foreign authoritarians, whether it's Putin or in the Middle East or in other parts of the world, tend to see that as a sign of weakness and as a sign of manipulability.
David E. McCraw, the deputy general counsel at the Times, talks about his dealings with Trump's lawyers and what a libel lawyer really does.


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Maine is in desperate need of occupational licensing reform
Jacob Posik
Every American citizen should have the right to earn a living and the freedom to pursue the profession of his or her choice. However, an individual's ability to work and provide for their family is often thwarted by government interference in the form of arbitrary and cumbersome occupational licensing laws.
Occupational licensing exists as a mechanism for government to promote public health and safety by requiring workers to meet specific requirements before practicing in professions that pose legitimate threats to public safety. These requirements include, but are not limited to, attaining a specific level of educational achievement, amassing experience hours within the profession, or paying fees, all for the purpose of obtaining a government issued license to work and earn a living.
In the early years of occupational licensing, the majority of licensed professions were in the medical field, where the costs related to poor quality service are high and truly endanger public welfare. Over the years, however, these laws have grown to encompass dozens of occupations that pose no legitimate health and safety risk to the general public. By doing so, government has locked millions of American citizens out of primary employment opportunities that could lift them out of poverty and place them on the path to prosperity.
There are a number of economic consequences that come as a result of frivolous occupational licensing laws. The licensing of these occupations establishes a government protected quasi monopoly where licensed practitioners can charge more for their goods and services without the fear of losing business, as no real competition exists within the marketplace.
This means consumers bear the burden of licensing, as the cost of licensing is passed on to consumers through the inflated cost of goods and services. This is particularly burdensome for low- to moderate-income populations, as licensing forces these consumers to pay for a stay at the Ritz-Carlton when they can only afford the Motel 6.
Licensing also affects rates of entrepreneurship among professionals when imposed on low- to moderate-income occupations that should not require a license. A study by the Goldwater Institute found that "occupational fields that contain the most likely entrepreneurial opportunities for low-income workers are among the most heavily regulated in terms of state-required licensing and experience or degree requirements."
In 2012, the Institute for Justice found that these licensed low- to moderate-income professions are "often well-suited for individuals just entering or re-entering the economy." These government barriers prevent self-made entrepreneurs from taking control of their own economic futures.
-Illustration by Sam G. Pilgrims
The state of Maine licenses well over 200 individual occupations, a number of which do not pose any measurable threat to the health and safety of Maine citizens or are rarely licensed in other states. For example, Maine licenses arborists, animal control officers, log scalers and packagers, all of which are licensed in seven or fewer states. Maine also licenses auctioneers, boxers, dietitians, geologists, interior designers and nursing home administrators, however it remains unclear how the nature of any of these occupations puts the safety and well-being of Maine citizens at risk.
Further, Emergency Medical Technicians (whose work undoubtedly impacts the health and safety of Maine citizens) must attain only 26 days of experience to obtain a license to work, however log scalers (who estimate the value of logs) must acquire 730 days of experience to practice in their profession. The imbalance within existing occupational licensing laws in Maine, which extends far beyond just EMTs and log scalers, must be rectified in order to give Maine workers a fighting chance.
In early January, The Maine Heritage Policy Center will be releasing its newest white paper, Let Us Work: Resurrecting Entrepreneurship by Removing Barriers to Economic Opportunity, a report that examines the broad economic effects of occupational licensing and explores the impact these laws have on Maine workers and consumers.
To reverse the economic damage that has been done by occupational licensing, Maine and other states should consider The Right to Earn a Living Act, a law that restores an individual's right to enter the profession of their choice by eliminating licensing requirements that were not carefully tailored to fulfill legitimate health and safety objectives. By removing unnecessary occupational licensing regimes, Maine can reduce the cost of goods and services, unleash the full potential of its workforce and foster an economic climate that gives every Maine citizen a fair shot at achieving prosperity.
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Next Story → Boxers, dietitians and interior designers; Maine's licensing regimes go too far
About Jacob Posik
Jacob Posik, of Turner, is the director of communications at Maine Policy Institute and the editor of The Maine Wire. He formerly served as a policy analyst at Maine Policy. Posik can be reached at jposik@mainepolicy.org.
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How do you know if a dance teacher is qualified and experienced enough to teach what you've asked them for? Unfortunately, the answer is complicated. There are many routes into dance teaching, just as there are many dance styles. In this blog post I will help you decide whether your dance teacher, or prospective dance teacher is suitable. This will also help trainee teachers work out what route they want to take for their career.
A combination off all of the following will make for a well-rounded dance teacher. A qualification alone doesn't necessarily mean a good teacher and, as with all teaching, personality and passion are also a big factors!
In most professions these are the key to discovering someone's suitability. In dance they go a long way to doing so, but you need to points 2 to 4 in mind as well.
If you want a class to lead to dance exams you will need someone who has qualified with the relevant governing body. For community dance and creative dance you are much better off with someone who has a dance degree or, better yet, a DTALL. For dance with specialist groups such as older adults or people with disabilities a dance teacher should have further training in addition to their degree. This is normally part of their Continued Professional Development (CPD), but it could have been a specific part of their degree or as a qualification such as Green Candle Dance Company's Diploma. For cross-curricular dance look for a degree as well as experience or training related to the curriculum because this is a very creative discipline that involves thinking outside the box as well as dance talent.
Examples of qualifications held by TRS Teachers are – BA (Hons) Degrees and Masters Degrees in dance, various dance teaching qualifications from ISTD, RAD etc.
Once a dance artist gains their initial qualification, they will need to start to gain experience.
This could be from a structured course such as Loop Dance Company's DASP (Dance Artist Support Programme) or by going to another teachers' lessons for observations and team teaching. At The Right Step we have teachers who have taken both routes. Neither is better than the other because both are so varied and everybody learns differently. Many teachers do a combination of both. It is at this stage that the dance artists discover their passions and focus their teaching. The more classes a teacher experiences, the better.
Excellent dance teachers will always be learning from and inspired by their peers and we have a mentoring programme to help teachers progress.
Unfortunately there are surprisingly few things that a dance teacher must legally have and, unless they belong to a governing body or are teaching for a larger company such as TRS, there is probably no one to check up on them. That doesn't mean dance teachers working alone don't have what's needed though. It just means the place they're working in needs to check for it. If the class is outside of an organisation such as a school or care home, parents and participants should ask the dance teacher for the relevant things.
Every dance teacher must have a DBS check to work with children, even whilst gaining experience and not yet teaching themselves. Public Liability Insurance is just as important. If the dance teacher is working for you via a larger company, that company must hold sufficient Employer's Liability Insurance. It is not sufficient for only one of these insurances to be in place.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is relatively new, but all dance teachers must be compliant. In addition to the TRS compliance documents, the TRS Teachers also have their own.
Though there aren't many legal requirements, there are lots of things that are good practice, and looking for these things is more likely to lead you to someone meeting higher teaching standards within class as well.
A good dance teacher will have First Aid training and Child Safeguarding Training. Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults (SOVA) training is also available. These training sessions are good for the safety of their participants and the teachers themselves. They also provide teachers with the knowledge of procedures they should have in place.
An excellent dance teacher might also be a member of a governing body such as People Dancing and will have Policy and Procedure documents (inc. Risk assessments). Many of the TRS Teachers are members of organisations. The TRS Teachers don't need their own policy and procedure documents for the work they do for The Right Step because they use ours.
Dance Teachers should always be learning and experiencing new things. The dance world is every changing and to be an excellent teacher they must stay current and inspired. To do this an excellent dance teacher will go to workshops, take short courses and do dance class for themselves. This is all at a cost to them and is one of the things that means an excellent dance teacher should be paid more.
The list of CPD is endless and ever-changing so it is difficult to know what is good to see on a CV. You can ask for certificates, check the course background (such as course provider and whether it is accredited) and ask the dance teacher what they learnt from it.
CPD helps dance teachers specialise. A dance teacher is best if they are able to teach where their passion lies.
CPD is essential in the dance world for learning more about specialist subjects such dance with specific mental health conditions, dance with neurological conditions such as Parkinson's or dance in education such as cross-curricular dance. This is because their aren't enough specialist accredited courses and, if there are, they are often very costly. A dance teacher has to balance their earning and their learning. If they are not paid enough, they are unable to continue to learn.
CPD doesn't always have to be dance specific, it can inform practice, such as Chair Based Exercise Training or the Exercise to Music course. The Active Armchairs facilitators are Dementia Friends and this helps them support the people they work with in the right way.
At The Right Step we strive for high quality dance for everyone. This means we keep our prices reasonable, paying the dance teachers fairly, and we support them in their careers. We work with trainee dance teachers at Level One right through to highly experienced practitioners at Level Three. We have progression routes for their careers and support them with our mentorship programme, annual reviews and celebrations of success. We are always welcoming new members to the team and if someone would like to get in touch they can find their local branch by clicking HERE.
On Thursday 22nd February artists and interested people gathered to contemplate the value of art and to share their experiences. I went along to not only provide a workshop about Active Armchairs, but to also discover what other artists have been up to in Medway and Kent.
Valuing Art & Culture in Medway and Kent was organised by Laura King of Look Kloser and Luci Napleton from Medway Council after Laura shared her idea for a day to encourage collaboration. It all began with a chat at Medway Dance Network and snowballed from there.
I took part in Laura's workshop where she told us how all of her sessions are open for anyone, no matter what and reminded us of the importance of pausing for participants. Georgia Smith, representing Loop Dance Company (yes, she's also a TRS Teacher and our Adult Dance Co-ordinator, she wears many hats!), share her ideas for a cohesive approach to a dance class for children. We discussed the difference between creative dance and cross-curricular dance and came to the conclusion that it's like a Hoover… all cross-curricular dance is creative, but not all creative dance is cross-curricular. Luci shared her experiences with EDNA and we were treated to the rare opportunity to relax and gather our thoughts.
Everyone in the room is part of Active Armchairs. When family, friends and carers are present we can facilitate special moments for them.
Lastly was my workshop about Active Armchairs. My aim was to give everyone a flavour of what Active Armchairs is, to talk about the importance of choice and to inspire everyone with some Magic Moments. Luckily I was joined by fellow Active Armchairs facilitator, Georgie, who was able to share her favourite moments as well.
The day was a great reminder that there is a wealth of dance expertise out there. Although we do a lot of skills sharing at The Right Step, CPD and sharing is with other is always good for the soul!
In the evening we went to the hall, still at Woodlands Arts Centre, where there were tables and a big screen. Guests arrived and speakers shared their stories of collaboration. There was a great mix of people from various organisations and the general idea was to find a way to collaborate and make art happen.
I know I found some opportunities for collaboration and I'm sure others there did too. I had a day of contemplation and came away buoyant.


Road, Rail, Water, Air, Telecom.
Note: 1. Thee subject list is tentative and may change as per the requirement of the industry.
An elective subjects-Functional or Sectoral can be offered only if the minimum 10 students enroll/opt for the subject.
The final decision on allocation of elective subjects shall rest with the Director IIHS.


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SNL Sketch Spoofs Netflix Originals
Posted by Victoria Rosenthal | Dec 3, 2018 | News, Series | 0
Photo: Saturday Night Live
Saturday Night Live (SNL) made Netflix's original programming the butt of the joke in a recent sketch.
While some Netflix Originals are popular hits, especially Stranger Things and Orange is the New Black, several others failed to entertain audiences.
The last episode's parody commercial seemed way too real—although it took an exaggerated perspective on Netflix's goal for 50 percent of its library to be original shows and movies.
In the sketch, an endless scroll is the streaming service's goal. New shows and movies have already been added to the top by the time a viewer scrolls down to the very bottom of the Netflix library, "thus the singularity will be achieved," the narrator says.
SNL played off of a few Netflix Originals plunders, including classic show reboots and shows that barely any viewers watch, after goofing that the company actually throws money at any show pitch.
Shots of a drama called Kenny Meade Depot followed with Kate McKinnon playing an elderly woman named Ruth—the only person who watches the show on its third season.
The SNL cast also played out a dark reboot of Family Matters with a dramatic spin called Officer Winslow. Kenan Thompson portrayed an alcoholic Carl Winslow, who threatened Steve Urkel with a gun. Of course, the scene was not complete without Carl yelling, "Why did I do that?"
SNL's fake Netflix goes as far as streaming original series based off of their own. One in particular was Saved by the Crown—a high school sitcom/spin-off of The Crown—in which Claire Foy, host of the recent episode and lead of the actual Netflix show, reprised her role.
The sketch will definitely leave Netflix subscribers hoping the service doesn't actually spin this out of control as it continues to limit the amount of licensed movies and TV shows it streams.
Netflix has more than 100 original movies and TV shows in its library for you to binge-watch, according to Uproxx.
h/t Screen Rant
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Victoria Rosenthal
Victoria Rosenthal is an editorial/office assistant at Adventure Publishing Group. She helps the office with its day-to-day needs, whether that's contributing and editing content for the The Toy Book, The Toy Insider, and The Pop Insider, helping manage Adventure Publishing Group's social media accounts, or setting up hundreds of toys! Scouting and testing out awesome new board and card games with friends is Victoria's jam, but hand her a PlayStation controller during a game of Crash Bandicoot, and don't expect to get a turn. Don't forget to say, "Hello!" when you call the office!


It was a night to remember for teenager Ben Woodburn. The 17-year-old eclipsed Michael Owen as Liverpool's youngest goalscorer as the Reds edged past Championship side Leeds United in the EFL Cup quarter-finals at Anfield.
The Premier League hosts huffed and puffed before Divock Origi stole behind the Leeds defence to sweep in Trent Alexander-Arnold's right-wing cross from close range.
They secured a place in the last four when Wales Under-19 international Woodburn, aged 17 years and 45 days, fired in the second.
Liverpool hit a post through Georginio Wijnaldum shortly before the opener, but the scoreline was somewhat harsh on the Yorkshire side.
Leeds winger Kemar Roofe curled against the inside of a post shortly after half-time.
Hadi Sacko spurned a good opportunity for the visitors in the opening 10 minutes, and Kyle Bartley nodded a free header wide after the break.
Without that attacking threat, the home side lacked fluency and potency in the final third until they clicked in the final 15 minutes to reach a record 17th League Cup semi-final.
However, a laboured night was capped when Woodburn – on as a second-half substitute having made his debut on Saturday against Sunderland – beat Owen's record by 98 days.
It was a special moment for the youngster in front of the Kop and former England striker Owen, who was watching from the main stand.
Every one of Woodburn's outfield team-mates came to celebrate the historic moment as Anfield saluted their latest star.
Liverpool will find out who they play in the semi-finals when the draw is made after Wednesday's matches.


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Tales of Little Morongo, Chapter 2: Touching a Bear
By Tippy Gnu on April 13, 2021 • ( 32 Comments )
Touching a Bear
I was visiting my sister one evening, when the phone rang. My brother-in-law, whom, for my own protection, I shall call Deputy Dawg, picked up the receiver.
Deputy Dawg taught at the local high school, and in his off-hours served as a volunteer sheriff's deputy. These were fitting occupations for him, as he seemed to love nothing better than flunking students and arresting suspects. My brother-in-law was a hardass, taciturn man, who could easily come across as misanthropic, even toward his own family. No, especially toward his own family.
So usually he gave me the cold shoulder, and any attempts at communication were often met with winces and grunts. But he did have a friendly side, or I suppose my sister would have never married him. He could turn on the charm whenever he wanted something out of someone.
He set the phone down and cheerfully smiled, "Hey Tippy, wanna go for a ride?" It was 7:00 at night. I felt wary, but also glad that he was sounding so nice.
"Oh, I'll tell you on the way. I think you'll like it," he was grinning ear-to-ear.
"Okay, what the hell." I'm usually more cautious, but the suasion of his rare smile had caught me off guard.
Next thing you know, we were bumping down Little Morongo Road in Deputy Dawg's pickup truck, with headlights flashing glimpses of yucca, greasewood, and the shiny eyeballs of cottontail rabbits.
We were heading into the northern section of Little Morongo Canyon. Little Morongo is divided by Morongo Valley into a northern section and southern section. The southern section contains McKinney Ranch, as described in Chapter One of this series. The northern section accommodates the Pierson Ranch.
Dawg glanced over at me, with his big gray face, and filled me in. "Now listen, and listen real careful. What we're about to do is 100% illegal. You have to promise never to tell anyone about it, okay?"
"Uh, yeah, sure, okay." I'm always game for doing illegal things, as long as no one gets harmed. But it felt a little weird to be conspiring such activity with a sheriff's deputy.
"Up ahead," he pointed, "Is the Pierson Ranch. They get a lot of bears up there."
"Bears!" I interrupted. "W-we don't get bears in Mor-Morongo Valley. I-I thought they stayed up-up in the mountains. Y-you know, up-up in B-Big B-Bear."
I felt antsy. I have a great fear of bears. That's why I generally avoided hiking in Big Bear. That region, 6,700 feet up in the mountains, and only 20 miles away as death flies, was named by early explorers after the many Ursus americanus that once roamed there. And still do.
It's as far south as bears supposedly get, in California, except at places like the San Diego Zoo.
My arkoudaphobia was kicking in. I really hate bears. I even hate teddy bears, and always have. Perhaps it's because bears haunted my earliest nightmares, as a young toddler. They would chase me around in my sleep, and of course my legs were made of cement, and unable to run.
When I was four years old I spent some time in a hospital. A nurse, who was unaware of my nightmares, felt sorry for me and gave me a teddy bear. I distinctly remember sending that stuffed animal flying at her head as she exited my room, and narrowly missing her by inches.
No, I've never liked bears, and have never understood everyone's infatuation with the teddy kind.
"Sometimes they come down from Big Bear," Deputy Dawg went on. "They follow Little Morongo Canyon. They never make it past Pierson Ranch, though. They're usually harmless and just raid the trash cans, but there's one bear that's been causing trouble, and tried to break into the Pierson's house."
My brother-in-law swerved to avoid a deep, dark hole in the dirt road, then continued, "That bear was a danger. It's illegal to shoot 'em, but someone had to do it, or someone was going to get hurt."
Deputy Dawg had a friend, whom I'll call Huckleberry Hound, just in case he's still living. Huckleberry was the hunting and outdoors type, and was a long-time friend of the Piersons.
As a favor to the Piersons, he'd laid in wait this evening, with his nightscope, for the danger to make its appearance. And then he had shot the menace dead. But this animal was a big bear from Big Bear, and too heavy to lift on his own. He needed some muscle, and had called on Deputy Dawg for help.
And so our illegal mission this evening was to aid and abet Huckleberry Hound by dragging the bruin into his horse trailer, so he could haul it off the Pierson's property. I suddenly realized I would be expected to touch a bear. Gulp.
Now, it isn't true what Deputy Dawg told me, about bears never making it past Pierson Ranch. About 10 years ago, and about 30 years after this incident at Pierson Ranch, one of these ungodly, fearsome monsters made it clean across Highway 62, and invaded Joshua Tree National Park. It worked it's way east over the next several months, imperiling dogs and cats, and raiding trash cans in the outskirts of Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, and Twentynine Palms.
Newspaper reports of sightings kept me on high alert. Joshua Tree National Park was my favorite stomping ground for hiking, but I stayed away while this renegade was on the loose. Finally, terrified deputies chased this terrified bear, and shot and killed it as it was trying to escape over a fence, at a terrified residence in Twentynine Palms. I felt sorry for the beast, but relieved that I could now resume hiking.
We reached the terminus of Little Morongo Road. The Pierson Ranch. This ranch guards the mouth of upper Little Morongo Canyon, and sits at the edge of a large copse of trees, which are fed by an unusually large spring. Wild game is attracted to this lush oasis, for the water, and this in turn attracts bears.
Charles Russell painting, warning of the dangers of wounded bears.
Huckleberry Hound, along with a scruffy friend of his, whom I'll just call Scruffy, and old man and woman Pierson, were illuminated by our headlights as we drove in. After greetings and introductions, we hiked up a small hurst, to a furry mound lying still on the ground. The dreaded Ursus americanus.
"Yup," Huckleberry bragged, straightening his back, "He went down with one shot. Hasn't moved since. I just gotta get him home, so I can skin him and put up the meat." Huckleberry Hound was a real outdoorsman. A man with hair, and sand, and grit, and all that macho stuff. He was wiry of build, always had a bucktoothed grin on his face, and had a way of leaving the impression that he was not one to be messed with.
He also had eyes on my sister. Meanwhile, my brother-in-law coveted a fellow teacher, at the high school. But all that would surface in a few years. At this point, nobody suspected a thing.
The massive mammal lay sprawled on its side, mouth slightly agape and teeth bared. It's eyes gazed at nothing in particular. It sported cinnamon fur, and seemed larger than an elephant, to my frightened mind.
"Are-are you sure it's dead? What if it's-it's just stunned?" I meekly inquired.
"It's DEAD," the bear poacher asserted, while pointing, "Now grab that paw."
I reached down. This would be the first time in my life that I would ever touch a real, live, er, dead, I guessed, bear. I picked up a giant paw on its back leg. It felt warm. Very warm. As toasty as my electric blanket. I immediately dropped it.
"Gah! It's still warm! I think it's still alive!" I nearly squealed, in front of these three macho men.
"No! It's DEAD, it's DEAD!" Huckleberry growled, with flashing eyes. "Now grab that paw!"
"Yeah," said Scruffy and Deputy Dawg. "C'mon Tippy, stop playing around!"
I was embarrassing myself in an environment where testosterone and machismo flow as smoothly as tap beer in a saloon. I had to get it together. Must touch the bear again. Hope to God it really is dead. Just pick up that paw, Tippy, I coached myself.
I nervously lifted it. Then we all started hauling the warm carcass down from the rise, dragging it closer and closer to the horse trailer, which was parked about 30 yards away from our starting point. Or 30 miles, to my anxious mind.
I felt more and more relieved with each step, as the bear fully cooperated with our schlep, and never once batted an eye, snarled, or sprang to life in an awful flurry of slashing claws and disemboweled abdomens.
Huckleberry Hound latched the gate of the horse trailer and prepared to absquatulate to his cabin, where he could quickly carve this beast up for his freezer and a nice, warm, bearskin rug.
But first he, and his friend Scruffy, and Deputy Dawg, turned to me and looked me hard in the eyes. They sternly warned me, with an implied threat of bodily harm in their tone, "Do not ever, ever tell anyone about this, okay?"
Why were they only warning ME? I wondered. I'm good at keeping secrets. Hand to God, I've never told anyone about this incident. And I never will.
This is the latest installation of my six-part series, Tales of Little Morongo. Come on back in a few days for the next installation, entitled, Chapter 3: Riding the Range. Click here to read Chapter 1.
Categories: Nature, Series (Nature): Tales of Little Morongo
Tales of Little Morongo, Chapter 1: McKinney Ranch
Tales of Little Morongo, Chapter 3: Riding the Range
Pingback: McKinney Ranch | Chasing Unicorns
I can't wait for the next chapter! I'm hooked!
Great! Stick around, it's coming in a few days.
Yeah! I'm actually on the edge of my seat! Seriously
Well be careful. I don't want your chair to break.
I prefer to steer clear of real bears too. So is this why you don't like poor Pooh Bear?
Glad you shared your secret after all these years! And glad the bear didn't wake up when you had its paw OR the story could have ended a lot differently!
Machoism is over rated anyway, never impressed me!
That's probably part of it, although the name "Pooh" has a way of leaving me feeling a little disgusted, too.
Yeah, I'm very glad the bear didn't wake up, or I might not be here to tell the story. It would have been unbearable.
I like what you say about machoism. I've never been much impressed with women who act real feminine. At some point, it all becomes an artificial show.
Yes, "unbearable" for sure! Think of all the puns I would miss hearing and poor Jason wouldn't have someone to help him out!
I almost added that about the extreme feminine thing in women. Nope, that doesn't impress me either! Please don't cry to me about breaking a manicured nail, and saying you can't do something because your hands may get dirty. You are right, it becomes so artificial, like the thick layers of make up on the face.
I've never liked thick layers of makeup, and I'm glad my wife doesn't wear any makeup at all. I'd hate to get cancer from kissing her too much.
I am glad that us low maintenance women are appreciated! 🙂
Ooh, you snuck that one right in there.
It's a good thing you changed all the names so that no one would know you were spilling the beans on them…
I feel the same way about alligators as you feel about bears!
But Tink went to the Everglades to see gators! Oops! Guess its good that one didn't chase him.
Tink doesn't like gators. See Tink run. Run, Tink, run…
See Tink Jump! Oops, Tink Fell!
But thanks to his cat-like reflexes, Tink is back on his feet and out of harm's way…
He is lucky!
I know. They would all be very old now, but they still might try to beat me to death with their canes.
I'm a little wary about alligators, but at least they can't run faster than me on open ground. So I don't fear them like I do bears.
I wouldn't want to cross paths with either one…
Same here. Although when I visited the Everglades last year, I thought it was pretty cool to see alligators. But I did give them a lot of space.
at this point, I have no interest in even seeing an alligator…
Would you touch a dead one?
That would have no appeal to me. Like you and the best, I would question if it is really dead.
I don't blame you. It's a very good question.
So you'd touch a dead bear, but not a dead alligator?
I'd prefer not to touch either, but if was forced to touch one, it would be the bear…
I'd touch the gator.
now I know you're crazy 🙂
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MESMERISED BY YOUR INFLUENCE: all the single ladies.
I've decided i'm going to have a "GANSTA" party for my birthday (which is months away) and I'm going to do the single ladies dance. There. I said it. OHHHHHHHH EPH YOU OUTTA CONTROL MANNNNNNNNN.


"The new platform of the Democrat Party is to abolish ICE." — remarks Friday in Columbus, Ohio.
"Leading members of the Democrat Party have even launched a campaign [url=http://www.buyusacigarettes.com]Newport box 100s cigarettes, Cheap Newport 100s cigarettes[/url] to abolish ICE. In other words, they want to abolish America's borders." — remarks Aug. 20.
While some Democrats in the House and Senate have raised the prospect of eliminating Immigration and Customs Enforcement, no top Democrats in the House or Senate have called for such a move. Those Democrats who have expressed openness to eliminating ICE have said they would not abandon border enforcement, which is largely carried out by Customs and Border Protection.
The man responsible for supplying Demi Lovato with the drugs that led to her overdose last month spoke candidly about the incident in a new interview with TMZ.
Brandon Johnson admitted on camera to providing Lovato with "aftermarket pills," which they smoked together in the early morning hours of July 24th. Johnson said Lovato had fallen asleep when he left her house, but maintained she showed no signs of distress.


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Clallam County switches to CodeRED
Thu Mar 1st, 2018 5:07am
Clallam County switches from Everbridge to the CodeRED Community Notification System New high-speed notification solution for time-sensitive messages and alerts
The Clallam County Sheriff's Office is proud to announce the launch of its new CodeRED community notification system to send important alerts and time-sensitive messages to staff members and residents. Along with emergency and critical messages, the CodeRED notification system can also enhance our community engagement via the release of important but non-emergency information ranging from road closures and trash collection schedule changes to snow plow schedules and other city and county services.
"Upon evaluating our current notification system and other available options, we chose CodeRED for its innovative features, user-friendly platform, and widespread adoption rates across the country," said Sheriff Bill Benedict. "Their company-owned redundant data centers help ensure our data is safe and that messages are delivered quickly to thousands of individuals within minutes. We're excited to expand our communication channels with residents to include text, phone, email and social media platforms, from anywhere, providing the information they need-to-know to make better-informed decisions."
Registration for this notification service is customized, allowing residents to choose which alerts they'd like to sign up for and their preferred manner of receipt. Residents can select several different methods including landline, cell phone, email, text message, TTY, or even a combination. These alerts can be specific to streets, neighborhoods or regions, so individuals within affected areas are sure to receive this valuable information.
The benefits of using CodeRED don't just pertain to residents, as staff members will also use the system to communicate emergency information with one another. This will help ensure emergency response and daily operations are even more efficient.
Additionally, residents and visitors alike can keep track of alerts in our county with the CodeRED Mobile App, which notifies smartphone holders of real-time alerts in the area. Similar to the online registration, users choose which notifications they'd like to receive via the app. Authorized city and county personnel will have access to the CodeRED Launcher – an app that allows authorized public safety officials to create and send messages on the go from any smartphone or tablet within seconds, without requiring a computer.
"The mobile technology for CodeRED is extremely advanced, providing us enhanced flexibility to issue general and/or emergency messages from any location," said Sheriff Benedict. "We can launch alerts from anywhere at any time, and residents impacted by weather and other time-sensitive events will receive them directly to their smartphones. This all happens within seconds, which can make a huge difference in saving lives."
All residents are encouraged to visit www.clallam.net/Sheriff/ to sign up for CodeRED and immediately start receiving these informative, life-saving alerts. For more information on the CodeRED notification system or registration, please contact Lorraine Shore, Administrative Coordinator at 360-417-2262.


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The hippocampal formation is a compound structure in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. It forms a c-shaped bulge on the floor of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. There is no consensus concerning which brain regions are encompassed by the term, with some authors defining it as the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus proper and the subiculum; and others including also the presubiculum, parasubiculum, and entorhinal cortex. The hippocampal formation is thought to play a role in memory, spatial navigation and control of attention. The neural layout and pathways within the hippocampal formation are very similar in all mammals.

History and function
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, based largely on the observation that, between species, the size of the olfactory bulb varies with the size of the parahippocampal gyrus, the hippocampal formation was thought to be part of the olfactory system.

In 1937 Papez theorized that a circuit including the hippocampal formation constitutes the neural substrate of emotional behavior, and Klüver and Bucy reported that, in monkeys, surgical removal of the hippocampal formation and the amygdaloid complex has a profound effect on emotional responses. As a consequence of these publications, the idea that the hippocampal formation is entirely dedicated to olfaction began to recede.

In an influential 1947 review, Alf Brodal pointed out that mammal species thought to have no sense of smell nevertheless have fully intact hippocampal formations, that removal of the hippocampal formation did not affect the ability of dogs to perform tasks dependent on olfaction, and that no fibers were actually known that carry information directly from the olfactory bulb to any part of the hippocampal formation. Though massive direct input from the olfactory bulb to the entorhinal cortex has subsequently been found, the current view is that the hippocampal formation is not an integral part of the olfactory system.

In 1900, the Russian neurologist Vladimir Bekhterev described two patients with a significant memory deficit who, on autopsy, were found to have softening of hippocampal and adjacent cortical tissue; and, in 1957, Scoville and Milner reported memory loss in a series of patients subsequent to their removal of the patients' medial temporal lobes. Thanks to these observations and a great deal of subsequent research, it is now broadly accepted that the hippocampal formation plays a role in some aspects of memory.

EEG evidence from 1938 to the present, stimulation evidence from the 1950s, and modern imaging techniques together suggest a role for some part of the hippocampal formation (in concert with the anterior cingulate cortex) in the control of attention.

In 1971, John O'Keefe and his student Jonathan Dostrovsky discovered place cells, neurons in the rat hippocampus whose activity relates to the animal's location within its environment.  Despite skepticism from other investigators, O'Keefe and his co-workers, including Lynn Nadel, continued to investigate this question, in a line of work that eventually led to their very influential 1978 book The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map. In addition to place cells, three further classes of spatial cell have since been identified in the hippocampal formation: head direction cells, grid cells, and boundary cells. As with the memory theory, there is now almost universal agreement that the hippocampal formation plays an important role in spatial coding, but the details are widely debated.

References

External links

Image University of California Davis Brain Atlas

Hippocampus (brain)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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West Ham trolls Mourinho to promote Spurs match
By Kyle BonnNov 20, 2019, 10:14 AM EST
This one could seriously backfire.
West Ham United has come in guns blazing to promote Saturday's match against Tottenham Hotspur, which will be Jose Mourinho's first game in charge after being hired this morning to replace Mauricio Pochettino at Spurs (Watch live, 7:30 a.m. ET, on NBCSN and NBCSports.com).
The Hammers posted a video on their official Twitter account – which has since been deleted – trolling the new Spurs boss, featuring clips and audio from various West Ham wins over Mourinho with Chelsea and Manchester United. Most recently, Mourinho's Red Devils lost 3-1 at Upton Park to Manuel Pellegrini's West Ham in September 2018, three months before he was sacked.
The tweet featuring the video, which read "See you Saturday, Jose," was taken down in less than two hours.
The Andy Carroll goal featured in the clip was a header against Mourinho's Chelsea in 2015, a 79th minute strike that secured a 2-1 Blues loss that began a three-match losing streak through late October and early November which prefaced Mourinho's firing in mid-December.
It also included Mourinho comments about Sam Allardyce's "19th century football" following a 0-0 draw against Chelsea in 2014.
Follow @the_bonnfire


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Topic: Memphis bicentennial
There are 8 article(s) tagged Memphis bicentennial:
OUR PLENTIFUL TABLE
Memphis restaurants owe a debt to immigrants, both in the city's early years and in more recent times. And to barbecue; it's what got us to the party.
By Jennifer Biggs May 31, 2019
A Memphis Music Road Map: The Golden Age
This year is Memphis' bicentennial, but while there's been Memphis music as long as there's been a Memphis, you can't listen back 200 years. As a result, our three-part Memphis Music Road Map is a de facto centennial of sound. This second part follows a trail from B.B. King's first recordings to the rise of rock 'n' roll and soul, on to Al Green's rejection of secular soul, the emergence of alternative Memphis and Beale Street's decline.
By Chris Herrington, Jared Boyd May 15, 2019
A Memphis Music Road Map: The Early Years
This year is Memphis' bicentennial, but while there's been Memphis music as long as there's been a Memphis, you can't listen back 200 years. As a result, our three-part Memphis Music Road Map is a de facto centennial (and a little more) of sound. We tell a story of Memphis music's evolution one song at a time, from early blues and the Beale Street sound to the golden age of Sun and Stax and on to the contemporary styles of rock and rap. This first part follows the trail from W.C. Handy to the dawn of World War II.
By Chris Herrington May 15, 2019
A Memphis Music Road Map: The Modern Era
This year is Memphis' bicentennial, but while there's been Memphis music as long as there's been a Memphis, you can't listen back 200 years. As a result, our three-part Memphis Music Road Map is a de facto centennial of sound. This final installment follows a trail from the lost decade of the '80s, to rap and indie rock of the '90s, the new bands and breakthroughs of the 2000s, and finally, Memphis music now.
'Celebrate Memphis' Memorial Day weekend event marks city's bicentennial
The bicentennial observance includes the world's longest picnic table, fireworks, skydivers, an airshow and a parachute team.
By Bill Dries March 06, 2019
Pink Palace bicentennial exhibit follows Memphis history, defines its identity
A new exhibit on the city's bicentennial combines some elements of the city's history in a display that is also about what is means to be a Memphian. The exhibit at the Memphis Pink Palace Museum runs through October.
City's history, bicentennial review draws crowd to library
The start of a Memphis Public Libraries lecture series on the city's bicentennial draws a standing-room-only crowd, while the Memphis Pink Palace museum prepares for a March opening of its own bicentennial exhibit.
By Bill Dries January 27, 2019
Bicentennial Memphis makes Frommer's list of 19 places to visit in 2019
Memphis is one of Frommer's travel guide's "Best Places to Go in 2019" on the strength of the city's 200th anniversary celebration next year, Memphis Tourism announced Wednesday.
By Wayne Risher November 28, 2018
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Calkins: Joe Jackson – starting a comeback – says he is 'still the same person'
Calkins: The one-of-a-kind package that guarantees Tiger Woods will play Memphis
Nearby properties change hands with Square's revival
Collierville lawyer who tried to kill his ex-wife gets parole hearing
Road Recap: Brandon Clarke shines as Grizzlies win Summer League Championship
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McDonald's Kansas City burger in UK starts barbecue feud
KANSAS CITY, Mo. (AP) — McDonald's has started a trans-Atlantic barbecue feud with the introduction of a Kansas City-themed hamburger in the U.K.
Outgoing Kansas City, Missouri, Mayor Sly James said Tuesday that the fast-food chain should "stay in your lane" in a tweet that included a picture of what he says a "real" burger looks like. Kansas City is known for its style of dry-rubbed, slow-cooked meats drizzled in tomato-molasses sauce.
Other Twitter users rushed to join the mocking after McDonald's proclaimed "Yeehaw" as it promoted its "Kansas City Stack" on social media.
Barbecue powerhouse Q39 kidded "Yeehaw, mate!" while Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que retweeted a scathing critique of the burger and added "face with tears of joy" and "rolling on the floor laughing" emojis.
McDonald's says the bacon-topped burger is available until June 25, but not in America.
BEIJING (AP) — Trading starts Monday on a Chinese stock market for high-tech companies that play a key role in official development plans that are straining relations with Washington.
Regulators have approved 25 companies in information technology and other fields seen by communist leaders as a path to prosperity and global influence for the Shanghai Stock Exchange's STAR Market.


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Balmer Hählen
< little agent >
For its two-year anniversary Foreign Agent has partnered with award winning graphic design studio Balmer Hählen to create a unique visual which captures the Foreign Agent signature.
Founded by Priscilla Balmer and Yvo Hählen, Balmer Hählen, which consists of a team of four people, has been established since 2013 in the heart of Lausanne. Since its creation, the studio has been involved in collaborations, particularly with designers, stylists and paper shapers. This graphic design exploration allows the studio to develop different types of medium such as print, digital or textile.
Their work is regularly exhibited in Switzerland and abroad, notably in several international poster competitions in China, Ukraine, Scotland and Japan, where the studio received the Tokyo Type Directors Club Annual Awards in 2018. Balmer Hählen sets itself apart by the special attention paid to the quality of its prints. Indeed, the duo worships beautiful prints and papers. Therefore, the studio took on the role of organizer of the Independent Paper Show (2022) in Lausanne.


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Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs
Info: 1881 words (8 pages) Nursing Essay
Tagged: HIVAIDSDNA
The causative agent for Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS is the Human Immunodeficiency virus HIV. These are diploid and enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, which have the ability to integrate viral genome that persists within the host-cell DNA through viral intermediate copy DNA (cDNA)[1].
They are retroviruses with 2 structurally related forms HIV-1 and HIV-2.
The diploid positive single-stranded RNA codes for the nine genes enclosed by a conical capsid. The nine genes are used to code for the proteins and enzymes used for replication. The three main genes are the gag, the pol, and env. It is known that the gag gene is responsible for coding the core proteins in the viral particle whilst the pol gene encodes the enzymes protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase. The env gene holds the codes with which the HIV structural glycoproteins are manufactured. The rest of the genes—rev, nef, vif, vpu, vpr, and tat—are important for viral replication and mostly responsible for HIV's penetrance and infectivity rate[1].
The difference between HIV 1 and 2 is the absence of vpu in HIV 2
The three major enzymes produced by the virus are important for functioning at different times during the replicative cycle. Therefore theses enzymes are the target of pharmacologic blockade as antiviral therapy. The RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase (with its RNase H function) acts mostly in the initial phases of viral replication to form a double-stranded DNA or copy DNA of the virus RNA. The integrase then act within the cell nucleus to integrate the viral cDNA into the host chromosomal DNA.
The Protease enzyme functions by processing the Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during maturation of the viral particle either at the cell surface or at the budding viron[1].
Despite considerable progress in research into the virology of HIV as elucidated above, some of the specific details of the pathologic process that leads to AIDS have not been fully understood especially the reactive immune response of the human host, which is the driving force for the quest to a much better understanding of the AIDS.
What is noted is that there is a noticeable decline in the CD4+helper T cells, which results in the reversal of the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio which affects adversely the regulation and production of B-cell antibody. This result in a reduction of both cellular and humoral immune responses to certain antigens and inadequate response of the host to opportunistic infections and otherwise normally harmless commensal organisms. However, the defect overwhelmingly affects cellular immunity more, the infections tend to be mycobacterial, fungal, or viral [2].
Despite the above understanding and targeted blockade of the understood processes of viral replication, there has not been adequate control of viral load commensurate with intervention. Direct blood injection and inoculation and genital/anal exposure are the main portal of entry for HIV infection, the GI tract which is laden with a vast amount of lymphoid tissue, has been noted to be an ideal site for HIV replication. It is now believed that most of the initial processes of HIV infection are derived [3].
Therefore, Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue or GALT, is an important site of early viral concentration and replication leading to a significant pro-viral reservoir. It is strongly believed that this reservoir is mostly responsible for the difficulty in efforts to reduce the levels of HIV provirus through sustained treatment with antiretroviral drugs[4]
The GALT is compartmentalized, and this provides an additional feature of HIV replication and reservoir even among different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. Measurements of CD4+T cells in GALT has shown lower effect of antiretroviral therapy than that noted in corresponding peripheral blood [4].
One hypothesis explaining the above discrepancy is that there is continous viral replication in the gut lymphoid tissue, and the ensuing trigger of an immune response involved, may actually adversely affect efficient CD4+T-cell replenishment [5].
Right from the onset, after HIV was identified in 1985, Cooper and colleagues described the clinical features of acute HIV infection . A virus-like illness by recently infected individual can present within 1 to 3 weeks. Symptoms consist of headache, sore throat, muscle aches, retro orbital pain, with low-grade or high-grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes, and most times a non pruritic macular erythematous rash involving the trunk and, later, the extremities [6].
In some cases, oral candidiasis and ulcerations in the esophagus or anal canal occur, and central nervous system disorders can be seen (e.g., encephalitis.
Children will most often with the common bacterial infections of childhood like pneumonia, otitis media and sinusitis. These can be more severe and occur more frequently than similar infections in immunologically competent children.
In children infected by mothers through pregnancy (vertical transmission) with HIV become symptomatic from the neonatal period up to age 8 years and that 57% of this group have associated disease within the first year [7].
A panel on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children in 2010 made recommendations for diagnosis of HIV in infants as follows [8]:
Due to the fact that maternal HIV antibody persists up to 18 months, infants younger than 18 months require direct virologic assays that detect HIV to make a diagnosis of HIV infection
The recommended virologic assays include the HIV bDNA Polymerase Chain Reaction and HIV RNA assays
Additional testing is recommended in infants with exposure to HIV in the perinatal period, at 14 days, at 1 month, and at 4 months.
After age 18 months, regular HIV antibody assays can be used for diagnosis
Continous monitoring of the CD4+levels or percentages in patients newly diagnosed with HIV.
The 2010 Panel recommends that in children younger than 5 years, using CD4 percentages every 3- to 4-months to monitor patients' immune status and disease progression due to the fact that absolute CD4 counts tends to vary with age [8].
CBC count with differential and a urinalysis is done every 1-3 months in infants
If the mother is HIV positive, the recommendation is to use appropriate serologic screening tests to check for hepatitis C, hepatitis B, toxoplasmosis, and syphilis.
Features of HIV that affect the anti-retroviral treatment modalities[8];
Integrated virus can be latent and can remain unaffected by the immune response
Virus can spread by cell-to-cell transfer
Infected cells are a major source of HIV transmission and pathogenesis
Infected T cells, B cells, and macrophages can be circulating reservoirs for HIV; tissue macrophages and GALT cells can be resident reservoirs that persistently release virus
Virus can infect brain cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes);therapy must pass the blood-brain barrier
Virus can escape neutralizing antibodies; in some cases, virus infection is sensitive to enhancement by antibodies
Antigenic variations occur widely among HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains
Sequence mutations can occur early in the regions coding for the HIV envelope and regulatory genes
Opportunistic infections, such as candidiasis, herpes and varicella-zoster virus infection, should elicit high index of suspicion, and appropriate prophylactic treatment strategies deviced.
Anti Retroviral Therapeutic agents or ARTs has been and remains the most important aspect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment.
In 1987 the first drug, the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) zidovudine (AZT), was approved for use in patients infected with HIV. Seven other drugs in this class followed and other classes were introduced.
There are six broad groups of ARTs [9].
Nucleoside or nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Protease inhibitors (PIs)
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Fusion inhibitors
CCR5 co-receptor antagonists (entry inhibitors)
HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors
The current general recommendation for an initial ART regimen includes two NRTIs and a third drug from a different class [8. 9].
For of infected infants, children, and adolescents, combination ART (cARTs) with at least 3 drugs from at least 2 classes of drugs is recommended for initial treatment because it provides the best opportunity to inhibit viral transcription, yet preserve immune function by delay in disease progression.
NRTIs stop HIV replication by terminating the transcription of viral RNA to DNA via a viral encoded protein reverse transcriptase
RTIs (NRTIs & NNRTIs) also inhibit human DNA polymerase including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which results in depletion of mtDNA and drug-related toxicities. These toxicities can be life-changing and include diabetes mellitus, peripheral neuropathy, lipodystrophy, pancreatitis, myopathies, renal tubular acidosis, and steatohepatitis, [8, 9].
Protease Inhibitors block the formation of the core structural proteins of the virus in the late stages of viral replication.
Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral Therapy trial or CHEAT trial, showed that early intervention and treatment with ART led to a 75% reduction in HIV progression and moreso a 76% reduction in infant mortality [10].
It is recommended that treatment be initiated in children aged 12 months or older who have mild symptoms or asymptomatic or and have a CD4 of 25% or more.
Also children who are 1-4 years of age with more than 350 cells/μL
And in children aged 5 years or older who have plasma HIV RNA of 100,000 copies/mL or more.
The biggest challenge in the management of children with HIV infection is the compliance to the regimen. Hence some regimen and/or dosing frequency may clearly constitute a burden for younger children..
So studies looking into the use of a simple once daily cART regimen may therefore be a powerful solution to optimize treatment adherence and the patient's quality of life [11].
The only preferred regimens for children younger than 3 years are co formulated lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy and nevirapine-based therapy
Another viable solution to the issue of compliance is a fast and efficient reduction of the viral load using medications known as highly active ART (HAART) which will significantly slow viral replication and prevent resistant mutations from developing [8].
Business Bliss Consultants FZE. (November 2018). Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs. Retrieved from https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1
"Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs." nursinganswers.net. 11 2018. Business Bliss Consultants FZE. 01 2023 <https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1>.
"Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs." Business Bliss Consultants FZE. nursinganswers.net, November 2018. Web. 31 January 2023. <https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1>.
NursingAnswers.net. November 2018. Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs. [online]. Available from: https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1 [Accessed 31 January 2023].
Business Bliss Consultants FZE. Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs [Internet]. November 2018. [Accessed 31 January 2023]; Available from: https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1.
{{cite web|last=Answers |first=All |url=https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1 |title=Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs |publisher=business-bliss.com |date=November 2018 |accessdate=31 January 2023 |location=Fujairah, UAE}}
Business Bliss Consultants FZE, 'Anti-retroviral Treatment of HIV/AIDs' (nursinganswers.net, January 2023) <https://nursinganswers.net/essays/antiretroviral-treatment-hivaids-6908.php?vref=1> accessed 31 January 2023
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