In the twilight years of the NES, Capcom made what are arguably some of the best action platformers of the time. Using lessons learned from their time designing Mega Man, games like Duck Tales and Yo! Noid were tight games that felt solid and satisfying. Even on their worst days, Capcom typically came along with something at least playable.
Gargoyle's Quest was a taste of that in the early days of the Game Boy. It was a somewhat inventive mix of enjoyable platforming and top-down adventuring, similar to Zelda 2. Two years later, in 1992, Capcom released a prequel to it on the NES, giving us a rare example of an NES sequel that actually improves the visuals on its predecessor from another console.
And while Gargoyle's Quest II drops any overt references to the Ghosts 'N Goblins series, make no mistake; you are once again playing as the red gargoyle that terrorized players throughout that series.
I said that Gargoyle's Quest II was a prequel to Gargoyle's Quest, but I'm honestly not confident about that. You're once again cast as Firebrand, but whether this is the same Firebrand before he sets out to become the Red Blaze or some ancestor of the Firebrand from the original game is lost on me. Functionally, the plot is exactly the same. It could even be a remake for all I know.
The gameplay has changed only minorly. It's still split between an RPG-like top-down adventure mode, and your typical Capcom style platforming. You're still tasked with going from town to town, conversing with townsfolk to learn where to go next, then righting the area's wrongs by doing some side-scrolling. There are still no experience points, so all your abilities are upgraded by collecting treasures that are given to you as you advance.
Random battles have been removed, which is a bit weird. Instead of collecting vials by treading the terrain until you get jumped by a mob, there are dudes who are literally just standing there waiting for a fight. However, the vials are just used to buy additional lives, and towards the end of the game, I didn't bother, as the stock 3 seemed to be enough.
It's amazing the difference the move to console has made for the game. While the sprite work is similar, the added detail is remarkable. Rather than going for something drab and spooky, the game is absolutely awash with bright colours that pop out. A lot of the levels resemble black velvet paintings, and even castle corridors that are so commonly grey and bland are painted in all different shades of bright colours. Honestly, it's been a while since the visuals of an NES game have made such an impression on me.
The music, on the other hand, is a bit more mixed. I love the Game Boy original, which seemed to lean hard on the gothic pipe-organ tunes that lended to the atmosphere. You get a lot more variety here, with the pipe-organ appearing occasionally. The soundtrack draws on more influences, but while there are still some standout tracks, but a number of them fall completely flat. Nothing too grating on the ears, but easily forgettable.
The gameplay itself is virtually unchanged. In fact, I'd have difficult finding a single aspect where it diverges. All the same power-ups are repeated, and no new mechanics are really introduced. It still relies on its hover mechanic — which allows you to cross horizontal gaps — and wall clinging to provide its identity.
The only major difference in terms of gameplay is with the level design. There's a lot more diversity and creativity on display, with most of the main levels having some sort of gameplay hook involved. Some areas even provide multiple routes to your final destination, as well as secret areas tucked away.
That's great and all, but Gargoyle's Quest II introduces some issues that weren't in its predecessor. For starters, some of the jumps require ludicrous precision; sometimes necessitating that you push Firebrand to the absolute edge of a cliff to make a jump. It also has a habit of placing hazards beneath you where you can't see them, which, even with its limited screen real estate, the Game Boy somehow managed to avoid.
The result is a game that's pretty unfriendly to start off with. It becomes easier as more abilities get added to your arsenal, but actually getting to that point may test your patience.
If you liked Gargoyle's Quest, chances are you'll enjoy the sequel (prequel?) just as much, because it's essentially the same game with improved graphics. Sure, all the levels are completely new, but the gameplay is almost strictly unchanged.
However, a few minor issues have cropped up and none of the problems the previous game had have been resolved. This includes the abbreviated running time, which makes the game feel somewhat half-baked and like it never has the chance to reach his potential. However, these issues don't bring down the overall product too much, so I still feel Gargoyle's Quest II is worth a look.
This review was conducted on an original NES using a cartridge copy of the game. It was purchased by the author.


Kjartan Poskitt is an author and TV presenter who is best known for writing the fantastic Murderous Maths children's series of books. In addition to his popular science and maths books, which include books on Isaac Newton, puzzles, practical jokes and secret codes, he has written a book of magical tricks.
He came along to school to entertain both the children and staff with his maths wizardry and none of us were disappointed. He got lots of "wows" and "oohs" from his audience as he taught us all amazing facts about numbers, mathematical people in history, and how we can play mathematical tricks on unsuspecting family members. Re-live some of the fun by clicking on the thumbnail photographs and the video player below !
If you fancy visiting the official Murderous Maths website then just click on the link below, or if you would like to read a postcard that Kjartan sent back to Four Oaks then just click on the postcard below !


1) Configurable Hours of Service Rules. Recap + is not limited to the standard US 70 hours in 8 days (70/8). Recap + has 60/7 US Part time, 70/7 Canadian Cycle 1, 70/8 US Standard Full time, 80/8 California local, 120/14 Canadian Cycle 2, and the ability to input a customized HOS that isn't pre-configured. This was the most requested upgrade.
2) Enter starting and ending odometer readings to calculate and display miles driven for each day. The starting odo reading is automatically filled in if there are any previous days that have an ending odo. The ending odo can be entered as the last 3 digits instead of the entire reading.
3) Landscape mode is now supported. No soft keyboard is popped up in landscape mode, it is there for drivers that have devices with slide out keyboards. The ability to choose which soft popup keyboard is used in portrait mode is still there for LG phone users who want to leave their keyboard in the phone.
4) A Gain column has been added to show the driver how many hours they will gain after midnight for most days on the recap grid.
5) Enhanced grid with explanations in the Last 7, Avail, Last 8, and Gain columns, just like in your logbook. The enhanced grid also now displays the professional drivers most needed recap data for TODAY (ie. the last day in the recap grid): 1) how many hours the driver has available to drive today, and 2)how many hours they will pick up at midnight, in two oversized highlighted fields. Once on-duty hours are entered for Today, these fields will be replaced by the regular recap grid fields. Until then, a driver can see this data at a glance. Glance at it in the morning to assist you in your trip planning.
6) The ability to remove the enforcement for quarter hour on-duty hour entries. This will allow users of electronic logs to use Recap +. Hours may also now be entered as minutes (0 – 59) instead of hour parts (0 – 99).
7) Since not all logbooks are created equal, and some have a different column layout, Recap + has the ability to rearrange the columns. Please read the help file concerning this setup, as some columns will display different data depending on their position on the recap grid. This is important!
Any comments, including bug reports, suggestions, upgrade requests, etc… may be emailed to me at WarSOFTApps@gmail.com. I will respond to legitimate inquiries as soon as possible.
Stay tuned to WarSOFT Apps in the Android Market / Google Play for more apps for professional drivers! In the works is an Axle Weight Calculator for weighing on platform scales that will offer substantially more flexability than anything currently on the market.
Recap + will initially install to internal memory, but can be moved to SDCard from Home screen/Settings/Applications/Manage applications/Recap +.
This app is also completely free, with no ads.
Keywords: truck, trucker, truck driver, professional driver, hours of service, hos, log book, semi truck, recap.


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Home » Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) Salary Structure and Staff Welfare Packages
Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) Salary Structure and Staff Welfare Packages
By Chibuzor AguwaMarch 9, 2019
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the body that conducts elections in Nigeria. Their offices are scattered across the 36 states in Nigeria and the FCT, and they have some good amount of staffs too. INEC salary structure is quite favourable too, as their staffs and officers are entitled to reasonable benefits from it.
Do you wish to know INEC salary structure? Maybe because you just got an appointment letter from the prestigious organization or you are seeking for an employment opportunity in INEC? INEC do recruit Ad-hoc staffs whenever it is time for election (just like the case of the ongoing 2019 elections), and I guess you might be wondering if it is worth it to work as an Ad-hoc staff. This post revealing the INEC salary structure will surely satisfy your curiosity.
Also read: INEC voting procedures for the 2019 general elections in Nigeria
If you look at the bulk of responsibility INEC holds on its shoulder to ensure a successful electoral process in Nigeria, then you can only imagine what their workers go through. No wonder many people are asking this big question, how much do INEC workers earn?
If you really want to know the INEC salary structure in Nigeria, then you just arrive at the right page. This article is basically written for you to know what you will be expecting as your pay if you are looking forward to work with the Independent National Electoral Commission. I advise you read this post words by words till the very end.
What are the information you will get to see in this post? As you read on, you will know:
What INEC is all about
The duties of INEC officials
The salary structure of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
The benefit package that INEC workers get
INEC qualification and rank structure
What is INEC all about?
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) was set up in 19998, and it is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria.
What are INEC Official Duties?
The official duties of INEC are to:
Organize, undertake, and supervise all elections to the offices of the President and Vice-President, the Governor and Deputy Governor of a state, and to the membership of the Senate, the House of Representative, and the House of Assembly of each state in Nigeria.
Register political parties in accordance with the provisions of the constitution and Act of the National Assembly
Monitor the organization and operation of the political parties, including their finances; conventions, congresses and party primaries.
Arrange for the annual examination and auditing of the funds and accounts of political parties, and publish a report on such examination and audit for public information.
Conduct voter and civic education.
Salary Structure of the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)
Below is the current INEC salary structure for elections officers and Ad-Hoc staffs:
INEC standard payment for election officers
Presiding officers/Assistant presiding officers
ELECTION Honoraria 7, 000.00
Feeding N1000.00 @ N500.00 per day
Transport to LGA N3000.00 per person
N11, 000.00
TRAINING Training Allowance N3000.00 @N1000.00 per Day
TOTAL N15, 500.00
INEC Salary Structure for AD-HOC Staff
INEC Ad-hoc staffs are basically staff members that are recruited during elections to perform stipulated task in a particular situation. Most organizations normally recruit ad-hoc staffs to reduce the work-load on their permanent staff members during specific situation.
INEC ad-hoc staff recruitment is usually scheduled during the election period. Ad-hoc staff members are recruited to assist in the election process and make the process easier and faster. NYSC Corp members are mostly recruited as INEC ad-hoc staff.
When you look at the table below, you will see the job role, grade level, and salary structure of INEC ad-hoc staff members.
Job Role Employment/ grade level Salary (₦)
Supervisory Presiding Officer (SPO) at INEC GL 10 – 14 ₦ 903711 – ₦1800924
Presiding officer (PO) / Assistant Presiding officer (APO) GL 07 ₦50, 7165 – ₦769701
Registration Area Center (RAC) Manager GL 07 ₦ 50, 7165 – ₦769701
Registration Area Technical Support (RATECH) GL 07 ₦50, 7165 – ₦769701
Independent National Electoral Commission Qualification and Salary Structure
The salaries of INEC staff members are greatly determined by their academic qualification. This means that the higher your academic qualification, the better your chances of earning a high salary when you work with INEC. So if you wish to work with the Independent National Electoral Commission, the you should try as much as possible to acquire a higher qualification so you can earn higher too.
Must read: FRSC salary structure
Below is the INEC salary structure for various academic qualifications in Nigeria:
Qualification Grade Level Salary Range per Annum
School Leavers Grade Level (GL 04) ₦221072 – ₦341872
Diploma Certificate Holders Grade Level (GL 07) ₦507165 – ₦769701
Graduates Grade Level (GL 08) ₦655384 – ₦967883
Director Grade Level (GL 14) ₦1285018 – ₦1800924
Independent National Electoral Commission Staff Welfare
INEC employee welfare covers everything from services, facilities, and benefits that are provided or done by an employer for the comfort of an employee. This welfare benefits are carried out in order to motivate employees and raise their productivity levels.
In many instances, the employee welfare benefits come in monetary form, but it does not work that way all the time. Other forms of employee welfare include: housing, health, transportation, insurance etc.
The INEC staff welfare includes:
INEC staff members basically enjoy benefits that other civil servants enjoy. Accommodation is one of such benefits. INEC ensures that workers and staffs get accommodation allowance, but most times the allowance is mostly available for senior officials.
Transport allowance
Considering the nature of their job, INEC provides its staff members' with transport allowance. Official cars are issued to its members to ensure smooth performance of their task and aid comfort of staff members. INEC provides transport allowance of ₦3000 for election officers at ₦1000 per day during the election period.
The health of its staffs is also a priority to the commission. Various provisions are made to cater for the medical need of staff members. Health measures are put in place to ensure that staff members are healthy enough to carry out duties.
The Independent National Electoral Commission ensures that staff members participate in the national public service pension scheme. The scheme ensures that staff members get a percent of their annual salary at the end of the month. The pension pay is highly dependent on the years of employment.
The Independent National Electoral Commission ensures that outstanding employees are rewarded and promoted. A promotion in office for a staff member means an increment in salary and improved general benefits. According to report released by INEC in 2018, a total of 847 junior staff and 1,362 senior staff were promoted after passing the examinations. Promotion is a big part of INEC benefit package to outstanding staff members.
Like other government bodies, INEC runs a cooperative society that boost staff member's financial status and ability. The cooperative stands as a body that coordinates individuals to in organizing a pool of private fund for staff members.
INEC offer staff members training opportunity to help them perform their task better. INEC directors go for different trainings from time. INEC also undertakes the responsibility of conducting in-house training for new members, election officers and ad-hoc staff members.
Conclusion on INEC Salary Structure
Securing a job in INEC is amazing, but knowing the salary structure is key so as to get yourself acquainted with the amount you will earn. Having the knowledge of INEC salary structure and comparing with other government parastatals would give you a better idea if you truly want to work with INEC or not. If you find this information important, kindly use the share button to get this message across to your friends and colleagues on various social media.
INEC officer salaryINEC salary for ad-hoc staffINEC staff welfare
INEC Recruitment 2020 – Portal and Application Guidelines
By Chibuzor AguwaFebruary 11, 2020
Federal Civil Service Commission Salary Structure in Nigeria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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10/2/2019 - Mayor Ganim Signs Executive Order in Support of the Trust Act
Mayor Ganim Signs Executive Order in Support of The TRUST Act
Bridgeport, CT – Mayor Ganim joined Make the Road Connecticut Members and other city officials to sign an Executive Order supporting the Trust Act.
All City of Bridgeport employees are ordered to act in full compliance of the Trust Act and the Executive Order ensures no City of Bridgeport employee can inquire about or request information about the citizenship or immigration status of any person unless such inquiry is required by State or Federal law.
About his meeting with Make the Road members, Mayor Ganim said, "I was touched by their testimonies and we stand with you. We stand with Make the Road and all people who want to call our City home. We want to provide you the support that we can to the extent of the law."
The Bridgeport Police Department is expected to take immediate steps to train and make all it's members aware of the provisions of the Trust Act and to continue ongoing diversity and cultural awareness.


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Opinion / Columnist
American meddling must be resisted
by Tinomudaishe Chinyoka
27 Mar 2018 at 05:36hrs | Views
THE word "coon" is short for raccoon; - and in the old American South was (and, if we are honest, is) used as an insulting and contemptuous term for a black person.
It is equivalent to "nigger", but instead of being descriptive (black), it differently equates black people with animals, which is what the racists think anyway.
Coons are niggers and niggers are coons.
On the other hand, the word "flake" refers to a small, flat and very thin piece of something, typically one which has broken away or been peeled off from a larger piece.
In the US, however, it also refers to a crazy or eccentric person. The Urban Dictionary says that "a flake is someone who generally makes plans with you, promises to do things with or for you but can never seem to follow through.
"When confronted with their behaviour, they usually get defensive and run away."
A flake is therefore an unreliable person.
I promise I am not making this up, but a Mr Flake and a Mr Coons have introduced a Bill in the US Senate to amend ZIDERA, that law which imposed sanctions on our country.
In light of the new dispensation, one would have thought such an amendment inevitable, but not this one.
This amendment does not bind the US to do much. Instead, it legislates what must happen in Zimbabwe. The BVR must be accepted by "all registered political parties" to be valid, for example. All 100+ of them must sign off, otherwise it is not. If this was the only absurdity, it would be bad enough, but no.
And it gets worse; all registered political parties must have equal media space.
I can imagine this scenario, every political party gets 10 minutes on ZBC TV from 8pm, and to be fair we go alphabetically. The MDC would have their 10 minutes sometime around 2am, and Zanu-PF maybe around 8am. Fair? This is what happens when laws are written by people with no knowledge of the place.
The Act goes further. Conditions for accountability around Gukurahundi, despite the fact that we have just started a constitutional process to address that matter, which is apparently not good enough for Messrs Unreliable and Niggers, sorry Flake and Coons.
The mistake would be thinking that this has anything to do with democracy. It doesn't. The mistake would be thinking that this is even about the people of Zimbabwe. It doesn't.
Henry Kissinger once said that the US has no permanent friends, just permanent interests. And was it Maya Angelou who said if someone shows you who they are the first time, believe them? America showed us with ZIDERA many years ago that they do not like the people of Zimbabwe, we should have believed them.
The US does not care about Zimbabwe, at least not the one that means our people, our future and our children.
They care about the Zimbabwe of geological survey maps, the one that is replete with undiscovered diamond, lithium, oil and gas reserves. That is why they are building their largest embassy in Southern Africa here.
It is not a shame to admit this: they clearly know more about our country than we do, and they like what they see below ground. Just not the people though.
If this was about our democracy, why didn't they do all these amendments when Mugabe was there? Itai Dzamara didn't vanish last week, but years ago, why make him part of this amendment now? Gukurahundi was more than 30 years ago, and the US did nothing at the time, why now, after we have started a process?
Is it by coincidence that this comes just as signs begin to show that ED is turning this country around?
What has he done since November that they find so irksome that these new conditions are necessary?
Why pass a law talking about increased media space when that is already happening unless what you want is to muddy the waters? And what is the point of giving Lovemore Madhuku the same media space as ED and Nelson Chamisa?
Would Chamisa agree to be given the same time as Kasiyamhuru or Nkosana Moyo or Barbara Nyagomo, or Madhuku, or Egypt Dzinemunhenzva or the 109 others I can't think of right now?
Why pass a law on Gukurahundi when one of President ED's first acts was to operationalise the commission mandated to do just that (which Mugabe never did) and hold audience with chiefs from Matabeleland to talk about Gukurahundi?
Why are they trying to pre-empt the work of the commission? Why are they taking a painful subject and making it a political issue? There is imperialism and there is racism. This is both. Do we have problems in Zimbabwe? Of course. Are our problems of our own making? Largely.
But, that does not mean we should have our autonomy usurped from us through the back door. America is a country built by the labour of those whose autonomy was stripped from them. So they are used to treating black people as devoid of autonomy, aka slaves. And, if we are honest, that is the mindset that must have influenced these two flakey characters.
I bet neither has ever been to Zimbabwe, but that both regard themselves as experts on our country. Because to them, we are mindless beasts of burden that must have things done to and for them in order to further American interests.
Of course it doesn't help that some from our midst went to America and begged for "current US policy on Zimbabwe' (also known as sanctions) to be maintained.
But, however, much I disagree with Chamisa, I find it hard to believe that even he agrees with this obvious attempt at usurping our self-determination and blatant interference with our internal affairs. But of course if he does agree with them then he is even more unqualified to be President than I thought.
The Americans have their own problems with fair elections. Black and Latino people find it hard to have their voices heard, because laws are passed that effectively disenfranchise them.
States like Texas with huge Latino populations have no Latina representatives in Congress because districts are gerrymandered to ensure that whites are in the majority. And despite being close to a fifth of the population, blacks have only two of their own in the same Senate that these two gentlemen sit in.
Blacks are well represented in prisons, again due to laws passed in that Senate, but more so due to the judges that are approved by the same Senate.
In Flake's own Arizona all top elected officials are white, despite the fact that except for Scottsdale, in every district Latino people are likely a majority.
It is in Arizona, while Flake was the Senator, that Sheriff Joe Arpaio ran a racial profiling approach to policing that targeted Latinos and resulted in his criminal conviction.
Flake never once condemned Arpaio, or the pardon that the latter got from Trump. And this is the guy who must now lecture us on democracy?
There is no law that says only with American help can countries succeed.
If being enslaved and stripped of autonomy is the price we must pay to develop, then I would choose to remain where we are, thank you very much.
If being treated like mindless automatons that should have their processes gerrymandered from Washington DC is the price for American FDI, then I would gladly accept the Russians and the Chinese. No Zimbabwean Government or aspiring candidate should be okay with what these ignorant Americans are proposing. This attack on our sovereignty must be condemned by all.
One good thing that has come out of this though is this, it clarifies the fact that the US will accept nothing short of regime change in order to engage with Zimbabwe.
Despite bringing Zimbabwe back to the community of nations in record time, the Americans clearly do not want President ED to win the next elections.
The question is why? And the answer is obvious, he will not mortgage our country to them. One candidate went to America the other day and asked for sanctions.
He was then promised $16 billion if he wins. The other candidate is working flat out to rebuild our country: the Americans have hamstrung him so that he doesn't succeed. American interests are not Zimbabwean interests.
They have a candidate in our elections and so should we.
That is why #EDhasMyVote.
All articles and letters published on Bulawayo24 have been independently written by members of Bulawayo24's community. The views of users published on Bulawayo24 are therefore their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Bulawayo24. Bulawayo24 editors also reserve the right to edit or delete any and all comments received.
More on: #America, #Trump, #Zimbabwe


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Snapshot: Chief Keef + The xx cover FADER's Aug./Sept. Issue
|By Max-El
Chicago's dreadlocked Hip-Hop starchild Chief Keef is one of the coverboys for The FADER's Aug./Sept. issue, sharing the honor with English rockers The xx.
This seems like quite an unlikely pairing, but FADER explains the selections thusly:
On a basic level, they're not similar musicians; Keef is a rapper, The xx is a rock band. But both have pushed the limits of their form. The xx, whose first album reconsidered the love song and rethought the idea of the drummer, grapple with how to continue evolving with such high pressure and high standards. Keef, still a young artist, is surfing his bravado and—along with a crew of friends, fellow rappers and supporters, and, as the story shows, many of the city of Chicago's workers—is finding that a lot of loud noise can be an excellent stand-in for something to say.
The issue hits newsstands August 21st.
Chief Keef fader Snapshot the xx


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RePlay: Symphony of Heroes
rePLAY: Symphony of Heroes takes you on a hero's journey, as set forth by Joseph Campbell's monomyth; a narrative framework that can be seen in many of the games, film, and books throughout history. Each stage in the monomyth is a chapter in our story, and each game/musical selection was chosen primarily for its suitability for the chapter that it is featured in. In this way, our story is the story of a hero, told through the amazing worlds of other heroes, in an unforgettable experience that's
rePLAY: Symphony of Heroes takes you on a hero's journey, as set forth by Joseph Campbell's monomyth; a narrative framework that can be seen in many of the games, film, and books throughout history. Each stage in the monomyth is a chapter in our story, and each game/musical selection was chosen primarily for its suitability for the chapter that it is featured in. In this way, our story is the story of a hero, told through the amazing worlds of other heroes, in an unforgettable experience that's not to be missed.
Tickets from $19.50


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Meager Rise in Factory Orders Signals Manufacturing Slowdown
Reuters, AOL.com
Jun 5th 2013 10:20AM
By Lucia Mutikani
WASHINGTON -- New orders for U.S. factory goods rose in April, but not enough to reverse the prior month's plunge, adding to signs of a slowdown in manufacturing activity.
The Commerce Department on Wednesday said new orders for manufactured goods increased 1 percent. March's orders were revised to show a 4.7 percent decline instead of the previously reported 4.9 percent tumble.
Economists polled by Reuters had forecast orders received by factories rising 1.5 percent.
Manufacturing has been hit by a combination of deep government spending cuts and slowing global demand, especially in China and the recession-hit Europe.
Data Monday showed a gauge of national factory activity contracted in May for the first time in six months, dragged down by declining orders. It suggests the weakness in factory activity, also highlighted by a drop in industrial production in April, will probably persist for some time.
The Commerce Department report showed factory orders were lifted by an 8.4 percent jump in transportation equipment on the back of strong orders for automobiles, and civilian and defense aircraft.
Orders excluding the volatile transportation category slipped 0.1 percent after falling 2.8 percent in March. Outside transportation, there were gains in orders for machinery, computer and electronic products, primary metals and electrical equipment, appliances and components.
Unfilled orders for manufactured goods rose 0.3 percent and were up 0.8 percent excluding aircraft, a positive sign for factories. Shipments fell for second straight month.
Stocks of unsold factory goods edged up 0.2 percent, showing no sign inventories are piling up, which should help the sector in the long-run. Factory inventories account for more than a third of business inventories.
The inventories-to-shipments ratio was 1.31, the highest since June 2012, and up from 1.30 in March. The unfilled orders-to-shipments ratio increased to 6.26 from 6.21.
The Commerce Department also said orders for durable goods, manufactured products expected to last three years or more, rose 3.5 percent instead of the 3.3 percent increase reported last week.
Durable goods orders excluding transportation were up 1.5 percent rather than 1.3 percent. Orders for non-defense capital goods excluding aircraft -- seen as a measure of business confidence and spending plans -- increased 1.2 percent as previously reported.
9 Numbers That'll Tell You How the Economy's Really Doing
The gross domestic product measures the level of economic activity within a country. To figure the number, the Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the total consumption of goods and services by private individuals and businesses; the total investment in capital for producing goods and services; the total amount spent and consumed by federal, state, and local government entities; and total net exports. It's important, because it serves as the primary gauge of whether the economy is growing or not. Most economists define a recession as two or more consecutive quarters of shrinking GDP.
The CPI measures current price levels for the goods and services that Americans buy. The Bureau of Labor Statistics collects price data on a basket of different items, ranging from necessities like food, clothing and housing to more discretionary expenses like eating out and entertainment. The resulting figure is then compared to those of previous months to determine the inflation rate, which is used in a variety of ways, including cost-of-living increases for Social Security and other government benefits.
The unemployment rate measures the percentage of workers within the total labor force who don't have a job, but who have looked for work in the past four weeks, and who are available to work. Those temporarily laid off from their jobs are also included as unemployed. Yet as critical as the figure is as a measure of how many people are out of work and therefore suffering financial hardship from a lack of a paycheck, one key item to note about the unemployment rate is that the number does not reflect workers who have stopped looking for work entirely. It's therefore important to look beyond the headline numbers to see whether the overall workforce is growing or shrinking.
The trade deficit measures the difference between the value of a nation's imported and exported goods. When exports exceed imports, a country runs a trade surplus. But in the U.S., imports have exceeded exports consistently for decades. The figure is important as a measure of U.S. competitiveness in the global market, as well as the nation's dependence on foreign countries.
Each month, the Bureau of Economic Analysis measures changes in the total amount of income that the U.S. population earns, as well as the total amount they spend on goods and services. But there's a reason we've combined them on one slide: In addition to being useful statistics separately for gauging Americans' earning power and spending activity, looking at those numbers in combination gives you a sense of how much people are saving for their future.
Consumers play a vital role in powering the overall economy, and so measures of how confident they are about the economy's prospects are important in predicting its future health. The Conference Board does a survey asking consumers to give their assessment of both current and future economic conditions, with questions about business and employment conditions as well as expected future family income.
The health of the housing market is closely tied to the overall direction of the broader economy. The S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index, named for economists Karl Case and Robert Shiller, provides a way to measure home prices, allowing comparisons not just across time but also among different markets in cities and regions of the nation. The number is important not just to home builders and home buyers, but to the millions of people with jobs related to housing and construction.
Most economic data provides a backward-looking view of what has already happened to the economy. But the Conference Board's Leading Economic Index attempts to gauge the future. To do so, the index looks at data on employment, manufacturing, home construction, consumer sentiment, and the stock and bond markets to put together a complete picture of expected economic conditions ahead.
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factory goods
All index data provided on a 15 minute delay.


Interview with Chas W. Freeman Jr.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Freeman, Chas W., Jr.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Rowell, Edward M.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Quainton, Anthony C. E.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Gordon, Edgar J.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Fischer, David J. - Pastorino, Robert S.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - North, William Haven - Spector, Melbourne L.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Russo, Paul A.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Grand, Stanley I.
Interview with Clayton E. McManaway Jr.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - McManaway, Clayton E., Jr.
Contributor: Kennedy, Charles Stuart - Service, Robert E.


Both Rohr and D'Arcy believe that much personal and church confusion could be helped by clearly distinguishing the tasks of the two halves of life. Much of institutional religion is concerned with the tasks of the first half of life. The need for adults is to move onto the tasks of the second half of life, which are much closer to the concerns of Jesus, Buddha, and the mystics of all religions. Prepare for both stages to affirm and challenge you and to recognize the immense implications for raising children and young people.
deep, engaging and hugely challenging stuff. Richard Rohr gives thought provoking ideas on life, love and selflessness.
This book actually helps restore my hope for a better world...not an easy task performed!


USS Hocking was a Haskell-class attack transport laid down on June 7, 1944 and launched on July 25, the same year. It was commissioned on October 22, 1944 under Comdr. C. D. Shutz' command, with the hull number APA-121 and it served in the US Navy for 2 years until it was decommissioned on May 10, 1946. During its activity, the ship carried a complement of 536 people onboard and had the main missions in California, San Francisco, Leyte, Okinawa, Eniwetok, Espiritu Santo or Ulithi. After the decommissioning, the ship was struck from the Navy List and sold for scrapping to Luria Brothers & Co. in 1974. For the services brought to the country during the World War II, USS Hocking received 2 battle stars.


"This is the market responding, and we're very, very pleased with that," Walker told reporters in a teleconference from Beijing.
The agreement was signed as both U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping watched. No financial terms were released, but it's been estimated that the project could cost $43 billion.
"I look forward to seeing the details, but at first glance, this joint development agreement is very encouraging for the thousands of Alaskans who never lost hope that a natural gas pipeline could one day become a reality," Alaska House Speaker Bryce Edgmon, a Democrat, said in a statement. "A pipeline project will bring jobs, investment, and, perhaps most importantly, a renewed sense of hope that Alaska's best days are ahead of us, not behind."
Estimates have put proven gas reserves on the North Slope overall at 35 trillion cubic feet. Alaska could provide a generation's worth of liquefied natural gas to China, Walker told the Chinese president when Xi stopped in Anchorage on a layover in April.
The state took lead on the project with the blessing of major oil companies, who plan to provide gas to the project from their leased North Slope fields but focused priorities elsewhere. Walker has said this would be a make-or-break year for the proposed project, and he's been working to secure commitments from countries in Asia to buy the gas or be partners in the project.
This comes on the heels of a June announcement that the state-owned Alaska Gasline Development Corp. signed an agreement with the Korea Gas Corp., establishing a cooperative framework for the development of Alaska's natural gas infrastructure.


I had big plans when we started planning our cycling trip to Cuba. I thought a month would be enough, but how wrong I was.
Bengül and I are almost ready for our Hokkaido adventure. We booked our flights two months ago and since then I've been trying to learn some essential Japanese phrases, such as "Where is the toilet?" and "I don't understand what you're saying".
Japan Meteorological Agency site tells me there are no typhoons currently heading towards North, so we should be OK.
Today, a new journey begins.
White Lake Provincial Park'a varmadan once, nehirde kano yapma fikrini yavas ve gizliden aklimda olusturmaya baslamistim. Ilk defa bir nehirde gidecek olmamizin yaninda aklimi kurcalayan baska sorunlar da vardi.


The Institute for Human Rights (IHR) in cooperation with the Center for Change Management (MCC), the Center for Comparative and International Studies (CCIS) and the Egalte Foundation within the project "Microenterprise development project for women in the cross-border area" ( funded by the EU Delegation in the framework of the IPA Program 2, Cross-Border Cooperation: Republic of Macedonia-Republic of Albania 2014-2015), needs the engagement of a main legal expert who will manage the Legal and Economic Support Service for micro-enterprises of women in the cross-border region of R. Macedonia and R. Albania.
The deadline for submission of offers is October 18, 2018, 14 o'clock.
We are expecting your offers.


11 – 18 April Youth Visit to Artannes.
11 – 14 May Visit of Male Voice Singing Group John Lees took his group of five male singers –'GOODE COMPANYE' – to visit Artannes.
5 – 9 July 29 Guests from Artannes visited for an English Gardens weekend.
12 November Annual General Meeting.


Last year, Coldplay's single 'Hymn for the weekend' triggered an online debate for featuring Holi celebrations in Indian slums. The music video was criticized as oriental cultural appropriation and garnered angry YouTube comments for portraying the stereotype. But what those internet critics conveniently ignored was, the fact that, this is also India. The subcontinent is home to 1/3rd of planets poor and malnourished, who toil in country's informal unorganized economy. At the same time India's rising middle class, country's well off representative sector and major shareholders in GDP, is suffering from an obesity endemic. This book is about the India of darkness that we don't want to see, don't want others to see and are eager to sacrifice in the rhetoric of "for the greater good".
She had by now seen past the obvious truth—that Mumbai was a hive of hope and ambition—to a profitable corollary. Mumbai was a place of festering grievance and ambient envy. Was there a soul in this enriching, unequal city who didn't blame his dissatisfaction on someone else? Wealthy citizens accused the slum dwellers of making the city filthy and unliveable, even as an oversupply of human capital kept the wages of their maids and chauffeurs low. Slumdwellers complained about the obstacles the rich and powerful erected to prevent them from sharing in new profit. Everyone, everywhere, complained about their neighbors. But in the twenty-first-century city, fewer people joined up to take their disputes to the streets. As group identities based on caste, ethnicity, and religion gradually attenuated, anger and hope were being privatized, like so much else in Mumbai. This development increased the demand for canny mediators—human shock absorbers for the colliding, narrowly construed interests of one of the world's largest cities.
Like Sunil Khilnani(Boo's husband) has rightly stated in his book The Idea of India, "Bombay's congestion makes it impossible for the rich to flee the poor, rendering the contrasts of lifestyle vividly adjacent." Transition of Bombay to Mumbai witnessed an undoing of city's cosmopolitanism with increasing paranoia on migrant workers and land/caste based politics. But the nature of city still keeps open interactions unavoidable, and Annavadi, which isn't any exception, presents a microcosm of those realities out there. The dynamic economy, post 1991 liberalization reforms, has been constantly redefining the definition of middle class; but city's historically poor, who weren't prepared or equipped to embrace it, has been left on a sine wave of hope and despair, and this book soaks it. Asha aspires to be the next 'slumlord' while her daughter Manju strives to become the first graduate from Annavadi. Even with her caste and religion based politics, Asha isn't able to separate herself off the neighbouring family of garbage collectors, Karam and Zehrunisa, nor does she wants to. Much of the later plot surrounds the self-immolation of physically and emotionally challenged Fatima and her false statement framing Karam's son Abdul. Unfolding of events made me realize how extremely difficult it is even for talented people to enter the middle class and to break away from the slum. In addition to their obvious economic disadvantage, they are held by invisible chains of caste, compulsion to enter stigmatized occupations, rampant corruption and vested interests of influential patrons. And having their livelihood and life savings set up in the uncertainty of encroached slums, they are forced to comply for lack of any option to redress. From this bitter lifestyle, the poor finds solace in blaming each other for things they cannot control, and we, the well-off class, who stay aloof the ground realities, often are harsh in our reservations against the poor.
This book captures the ethical imaginations of people in a market dictated world where idea of a mutually supportive poor appear suicidal. Annavadi residents are not lethargic or helpless, and are constantly in pursuit of new economic possibilities. But the general definition of many things are skewed in their life, and far from the reality projected by government statistics. Entering a blue collar job isn't a problem in first place, but knowing that this might be the sole profession for the rest of your life, might not appeal like a future worth waking up to. Here corruption is the secret key for many opportunities, 'bridge schools' intended to spark educational enthusiasm often becomes the only education, and financial intuitions are reduced to invisible loans from money lenders.
As every slum dweller knew, there were three main ways out of poverty: finding an entrepreneurial niche, as the Husains had found in garbage; politics and corruption, in which Asha placed her hopes; and education. Several dozen parents in the slum were getting by on roti and salt in order to pay private school tuition.
The caste systems, bhaiya hatred and shiv sena politics are never shown to be personal in Annavadi, but as regular unavoidable affairs to stay in the food chain, regardless of their position on pyramid. It was fascinating to see how Annavadi's scavenging economy fared in global financial crisis, tracking behaviours of tourists and travellers, and how Bollywood bridged them with rest of India, rightfully or wrongfully. There were other imageries with unconventional perception, like spectre of Gandhi, Nehru and Ambedkar or the terrorist attack of 26/11. Unlike the rest of the country, they were more invested in moving on than finding sources to blame on.
Seeing the exclusiveness in infrastructure of opportunity and poor translation of government's socio economic policies made me question why haven't these unequal societies, like Annavadi, that matters to the authorities only during elections, haven't imploded yet. And in tracing an answer to that, I found myself back at Khilnani's quote.
There is some truth in the western fascination towards Indian squalor, but this juxtaposed asymmetry in living conditions is not just an Indian specific problem. We all love to live in the cultivated ignorance of a well bound frog. During 2016 Olympics, Brazil government was careful to avoid favelas from reaching delegates sight. During recent Hyderabad visit by Ivanka Trump, the homeless were removed from the street by state government. We are mostly myopic towards on-going Rohingya refugee crisis or Syrian civil war; at the same time, find ourselves morally obliged to extend support on disasters happening in developed countries, even if its by flooding twitter hash tags. Similar is the public attitude towards tribal evictions for developmental projects, which is often characterized by this specific mentality, patronizing or disparaging, that we provide for them. This book's unvarnished articulation and absence of special attributes, might not have been the most engaging narrative as far as storytellings are concerned; but, it made me realize how special and privileged I was and still am, merely by my place of birth.
There is a beautiful passage towards the end of the book that describes Abdul's worldview. He has been repeatedly exploited for being a scavenger and now is behind bars for a crime he didn't commit. From his perspective, ice was distinct from, better than, what it is made of. He wanted to be better than the same material essence he shared with the cynical corrupt people around him.
And in the huge pile of media, print or other, that are criticized for showcasing poverty, rightfully or hyperbolically, this work floats on top, as 'ice'.


Moving can be one of the most stressful times in any person's life. There are so many different arrangements to be made that it is easy to get frustrated and feel overwhelmed. Not everyone is as organized as they would like to be, and just the thought of packing up all of your possessions can give anyone the sweats.
If you are planning a move and you want to make things a little easier on yourself and your family, consider hiring a Southampton removals company. There couldn't be an easier way to get all of the hard work of packing done than having a professional do it for you.
The tough part about packing for a whole house move knows where to start. What things are important to take and how much stuff can you realistically get rid of? These are just some of the questions that you may be asking yourself during a move. Professional movers are trained to properly package all of your valuables, keeping them organized and safely contained. They will go room by room, making sure to follow your instructions and labeling your boxes to make the unpacking even easier.
Some people may balk at the extra cost of hiring a removal service, but in reality it can actually save you some money. If you look into the cost of hiring a truck, a dolly, boxes, packing materials, labels and moving insurance you will find that a removal company may have the better offer. Not only is it more convenient but it can save you a ton of hassle.
With the professionals handling things, you can be certain that your precious valuables are being packed securely and are properly padded and protected. These are workers that have moved hundreds of people and they have the best techniques to get the job done quickly and without breakage. Not only is it great to have someone else do the packaging for you, but not having to lift heavy boxes or awkward furniture can save you from any unexpected injuries.
With your packing and moving taken care of, you will have time to deal with the dozens of other issues that need care while moving. Be able to relax knowing that everything will arrive safely at your new home and that all of your possessions are in excellent and professional hands.


Everything you need to know about the science and technology of the games.
• Will Gene Therapy Destroy Sports?
Many of these articles are from DISCOVER's special issue on the human body. The issue will be on sale through September 22, only at newsstands.


Alessi, the lighting manufacturers Flos and Artemide, the furniture maker Kartell, and a handful of other firms based in the Lombardy region ignore the design industry's two norms: "tech push," whereby an improvement in performance and functionality dictates a modification in design, and "market pull," whereby the design accommodates consumers' demand for new features. Instead, they favor an R&D operation in which a community of architects, suppliers, critics, publishers, artists, designers, and others immerse themselves in a discourse about the role, identity, and meaning of a product well before they address its form. The products that result often represent a dramatic break from their predecessors—giving them longer commercial lives and creating high consumer expectations for the brand's future offerings. A familiar example of how a change in a product's meaning can lead to a change in its design and identity is the iMac, whose friendly colors and ovoid form declared it to be, in contrast to the typical desktop computer, an appliance for the home.
The author's eight years of research into seven European design communities revealed the Lombardy cluster's special strengths: the number and quality of the links between components of the design system, such as schools, studios, and manufacturers. In addition, Lombardy is strong on imagination and motivation—qualities within reach of any group of businesses. Verganti uses the Finger Lakes region of New York State to demonstrate that the potential for a design discourse exists almost everywhere.
Everyone by now has seen the whimsical cone-shaped kettle with the little plastic birdie affixed to its spout, designed by the architect Michael Graves. Since its introduction in 1985 by Alessi, the northern-Italian home-furnishings manufacturer, approximately 1.5 million units of what is, as kettles go, an expensive item have been sold.
The success of model 9093 attracted the attention of Target, a retailer known for offering sophisticated designs at popular prices, which in 1999 invited Graves to design a new line of products, including a knockoff of the bird kettle. It is a testament to the mystique of the original that Alessi continues to sell large numbers of model 9093—for five times the price of Target's version. Since both original and knockoff were, unusually, designed by the same person, the critical variable would appear to be Alessi itself. Although Target's marketing has turned Graves into a design icon, an influential consumer segment seems to prize model 9093 for qualities that happen to pervade all of Alessi's products and those of its peers. The products' originality, aura, and prestige are the outcome of a process that is based in Milan but embraces participants and notions far beyond it. Indeed, the process transcends the discipline of design. What Alessi and its local brethren have devised is nothing less than an engine of innovation. What's more, although Milan is famous as a center of fashion and high style, the maestros of this process are executives, not artists or artisans. Thus any kind of consumer-goods company, located almost anywhere in the world, could adopt the process.
Alessi, the lighting manufacturers Flos and Artemide, the furniture maker Kartell, and many other northern Italian firms make up the Lombardy design discourse, a loose collection of home-furnishings companies that create highly marketable products with distinctive design profiles. These companies do not follow either of the design industry's norms: "tech push," whereby an improvement in performance and functionality dictates a modification in design, or "market pull," whereby the design accommodates consumers' demand for new features or an up-to-date look. Nor do they resort to the open-innovation techniques for which IBM, Procter & Gamble, and Eli Lilly, for example, have become known. That is, they don't rely on an anonymous horde of code writers or the equivalent to perfect an existing product; they don't in-license the patented discoveries of unaffiliated businesses or inventors; and they don't out-license their own discoveries to generate revenues with minimal effort, or to elicit a third party's better-informed reading of the discoveries' marketability so as to spur their own development efforts.
The Lombardy firms' R&D operation, for the most part, can be found neither inside the companies nor in interactions among them. Rather, it comprises a free-floating community of architects, suppliers, photographers, critics, curators, publishers, and craftsmen, among many other categories of professionals, as well as the expected artists and designers. The members of the community are prized as much for their immersion in a discourse as for their originality. In other words, long before any thought is given to the form an item will eventually take, its role, identity, and meaning have been thoroughly explored. Usually the products that at long last result from this process point toward some new way of living—one that members of the community may already have started to embrace. Because the process is the sociological equivalent of basic research, most of the products it gives birth to represent a dramatic break from their predecessors. In this they differ from products that result when a company in effect outsources the R&D phase to a design studio like IDEO, which explores consumer needs by asking consumers directly what they want and by observing their behavior. In addition, products that are radically innovative allo Milano tend to have longer commercial lives than other goods; they create in consumers bolder expectations for the brand and high receptivity to their equally startling successors; and they tend to enjoy especially high margins, because they are so dissimilar to the offerings of competitors (see the exhibit "The Design Cluster Advantage").
The growth and revenue of seven exemplars of design-driven innovation are listed below. That four of the seven are furniture manufacturers is unsurprising, given that about a quarter of all Italian furniture firms are based in Lombardy, and that Italy is Europe's largest furniture manufacturer, with 45% of its output exported. Those four—and the design cluster as a whole—surpassed the growth rates of the furniture industry in both Italy and the European Union in the ten years from 1994 to 2003. Also participating in the Lombardy discourse are dozens if not hundreds of smaller companies, including Luceplan and FontanaArte (lighting), Zanotta and Driade (furniture), and Boffi (kitchen fittings).
Model 9093 may not be the most radical exemplar of what might be called "design-driven innovation," but it's one of the easiest to grasp. Earlier kettles came in various shapes and sizes, but their purpose was, almost without exception, utilitarian. Consequently, their form followed their function (to boil water)—the first precept of modern design. Sensing from his interactions with the Lombardy research community a new spirit of playfulness that reflected a growing disillusionment with modernism's severity, Alessi's CEO and managing director, Alberto Alessi, contacted Graves, a professor of architecture at Princeton, who at that point had never worked on a consumer product but had designed a few notoriously postmodern buildings in the United States (their surfaces were decorative and referred to earlier architectural idioms—modernist taboos).
Michael Graves's teakettle for Alessi showed its greatest originality in broadening people's expectations of what a kettle was and did and, indeed, the nature of the breakfast experience.
A product called Bookworm represents, perhaps, a more fundamental reconceptualization of a traditional object—in this case, a bookshelf. Made by Kartell, which is known for its plastic furniture, including the transparent Louis XIV "ghost" chair, Bookworm is a long, narrow band constructed of colored polyvinyl chloride, traditionally a semi-rigid material but here having the flexibility of a sheet of stainless steel, which allows the purchaser to bend it into a sinuous shape of his liking and affix it in that shape to the wall. This bookworm is not studious: It can't hold as many books as its right-angled counterparts. And it is not shy: It outshines the books that it ostensibly exists to support. It was the ingenuity of local mold and chemical manufacturers interacting with Kartell's founder and honorary chairman, Giulio Castelli, a chemical engineer by training; his successor, Claudio Luti; and Ron Arad, an Israeli designer, that turned what had always been a background fixture into an intriguing and somewhat impractical main event.
As model 9093 and Bookworm suggest, one needn't be artistic to contribute to such a design process. Alberto Alessi is a lawyer by training, as is Luca Cordero di Montezemolo, the chairman of the holding company of furniture makers Cassina and Poltrona Frau. Ernesto Gismondi, the chairman of Artemide, is an aerospace engineer. Luti's background is in economics. Nor does one need to be Italian. In addition to Arad and Graves, the Lombardy designers include Philippe Starck, who is French; Richard Sapper (the Alessi designer who first experimented with kettle whistles), who is German; Ettore Sottsass, who is half Austrian; and many others.
Thus innovation, Milan style, combines aspects of the local and the global, another of its key features. While physical proximity is indispensable to establishing a close rapport among people in different companies and disciplines, they are included in the design discourse precisely because they are alert to distant cultural and social currents. Even so, they benefit from an admixture of foreigners based elsewhere who are enticed to participate by the richness of the local community's interactions (see the sidebar "The Experience for Designers").
What ensues is not the typical supplier-client relationship between designer and company but a true collaboration, characterized by give and take and an open door even to top management. Also, these Italian firms are not afraid of small production lots, which encourages the designers to take chances as they fashion their prototypes. And they can be confident that management will provide a rapid assessment of whatever results.
Though the Milanese approach to innovation remains unique (if only because its management practices have never been written about), aspects of it are already alive in other countries and regions. In the United States, a familiar example of how a change in one's understanding of a product's meaning can lead to a change in its design, and ultimately a change in its identity, is the iMac, the creation of Jonathan Ive—a bathroom designer before he joined Apple, where he is now the president of industrial design. Ive and Steve Jobs challenged the received view of PCs as chiefly office products. By wrapping the iMac in friendly, translucent colors and ovoid forms, Apple declared it to be an appliance for the home. The message contained in the design hastened a transformation in how the public understood the device. The presence of the iMac in home offices then began to alter homeowners' sense of the appropriateness of the objects surrounding it—lighting, furniture, carpets, and so forth—each of which might need to be redesigned in turn.
The repercussions of a shift in an object's design and meaning explain in part why the Lombardy group shows a special preference for architects, who, after all, are in the business of creating environments. Architects also know that most buildings will outlive the tenancy of their present owners, which compels them to envision the way of life of future generations who will take up residence there.
But can such design communities be found anywhere but Milan? Yes: Design clusters exist, for example, in Finland, London, Sweden, Denmark, Catalonia, and the Rhone-Alps region of France. Helsinki has many small design studios, several associations of designers, a design museum, a university of art and design, and research centers focused on design and heavily underwritten by Nokia, which understands that a key aspect of its mobile phones' appeal is their look and feel. Nokia realized that their small size had turned them into personal accessories, akin to key chains and wallets, thus obliging them to appeal to their owners in an intimate and emotional way. Since the mobile phone is the global device par excellence, connecting its user to foreign people and places, Nokia is sponsoring a student project to look into how product design might be able to express the local cultures of Estonia, Israel, Brazil, and several other countries.
The factors that make Lombardy enviable are imagination and motivation, which are within the capacities of any group of businesses, whether they be in Toledo, Ohio, or Ljubljana, Slovenia.
In a study I conducted for the government of Lombardy of the design clusters mentioned above, 26 international design experts agreed that the components of the design system—schools, studios, manufacturers, and so forth—were not significantly better in Lombardy than elsewhere. What did distinguish the region was the number and strength of the links between these components and the quality of the interactions among them. In short, it needn't be a lack of resources that keeps a cluster from forming. The factors that make Lombardy the envy of the other localities are imagination and motivation, which are within the capacities of any group of businesses, whether they be in Toledo, Ohio, or Ljubljana, Slovenia. The eight years I spent studying the inner workings of these firms—from executive decision making to talent management to industrial processes—have convinced me that scores of design systems are just waiting to be ignited.
At roughly the time Michael Graves was just a twinkle in Alberto Alessi's eye, Ettore Sottsass, then in his sixties, started a collective called Memphis with designers less than half his age. An architect by training, Sottsass was born in Austria but based in Milan as a designer at the telecommunications company Olivetti. Memphis cultivated a liking for intense primary colors, balls and triangles resembling children's blocks, the uneasy juxtaposition of cheap materials like plastic with expensive ones like marble, and an irreverent attitude toward what was then considered immaculate good taste. These preferences expressed the upending of norms in the wake of the youth movements of the 1960s and 1970s—in particular, a rejection of the machine and its connotations and imagery, including boxy forms, antiseptic surfaces of exposed metal and white, and evidence of an object's industrial origins. They also represented the conflation of high and low art, luxury and simplicity, into a general democratization of taste. The shapes, colors, and materials Memphis proposed were lighthearted and playful and thus meant to make an emotional rather than a rational, utilitarian appeal to the consumer—a commonplace today, but a novelty two decades ago.
The rise of Memphis inaugurated what was to become a three-phase process of design-driven innovation, which culminated in model 9093.
The entrepreneurs met a few times a year to discuss trends, styles, materials, and technology, and gathered at exhibitions they jointly sponsored. They also founded an avant-garde design journal in whose pages the future of design was vigorously debated. Though their companies belonged to several different industries, all their product lines revolved around the home.
Drawing on these discussions, Alberto Alessi recognized that a sharply new design language was needed for his company's kitchenware, and he believed that mostly foreign architects who had never designed consumer goods were the ones to invent its vocabulary and grammar. He called the project the Tea and Coffee Piazza and asked a Milanese architect and close friend, Alessandro Mendini, to select ten other architects and coordinate their activities. Mendini's choices included the postmodernists Hans Hollein of Austria and Robert Venturi of the United States as well as Graves. Although Alessi has a rigorous four-dimensional methodology for deciding whether to market a product it has developed, the 11 architects were asked initially to ignore issues of cost and functionality, the company's first two dimensions, and concentrate exclusively on communicativeness and evocativeness, the second two. Once they had received general direction from Alessi, the 11 worked independently. In contrast to the IDEO process, there was no brainstorming by multidisciplinary teams.
The 11 coffee and tea service prototypes the architects produced were exhibited at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and the Smithsonian and in other cultural settings.
They were produced in limited editions of 99 pieces and sold to museums and influential collectors for $25,000 each.
Alessi prepared a book about the prototypes and distributed it to the extended design community.
A traveling exhibit of the prototypes was shown in high-end department stores around the world.
The press in Italy and abroad was invited to write about the exhibits and the project.
Alessi closely followed the reactions of design aficionados to the prototypes. An incidental benefit of publicizing them and the concepts behind them before an actual product existed was to ensure that the public would forever associate them with the Alessi brand and would view any related development by others as an imitation.
Among the 11 architects, Graves was one of only two who were invited to turn their concepts into cost-effective and functional commercial products. Model 9093 was then rated on Alessi's four dimensions. Its broad base, which facilitated rapid heating; its visible rivets, which recalled a kind of vintage artisanship; its superimposed plastic handle in cool blue, which was decorative as well as heat-resistant; and its little bird, which flew in the face of modernism's insistence on abstract form, earned it the highest rating in Alessi's history. Because of the company's success with Sapper's model 9091 kettle, which emits two low, harmonizing whistles evoking ships passing in the night, a whistle was one specification imposed on Graves. Alessi also wanted the bird to be removable, so that the kettle could feature a spout instead of a hole, and he wanted a lower cost of fabrication and a faster boil.
Shortly before and then after model 9093 was launched, Alessi organized another round of exhibitions and publicity. Because advertising is not the ideal explanatory medium, little of it was done. The members of the design discourse, by continuing to talk and write about the kettle's role and meaning, disseminated knowledge of the product to a wider audience. In the end, they acted as amplifiers of a message they had helped to construct. Nowadays, many of the Lombardy companies maintain their own retail outlets as a way of controlling presentation and underlining the traits their products have in common. When third-party retailers carry them, often items of the same brand will be found grouped together in their own showcase, for the same reasons. And, unlike an Armani jacket or a Gucci handbag, these products come with literature elaborating on how they came into existence and the qualities that make them special.
Alessi initiates a project like the Tea and Coffee Piazza every eight or ten years. Its successor was called Family Follows Fiction. Moving from Sottsass's and Graves's insights to Franco Fornari's theories on the affective impact of form, especially with respect to objects that evoke childhood pleasures and sensations (birds, building blocks, toys, and what psychologists call "transitional" objects, such as security blankets), Alessi in the early 1990s asked a different group of architects, almost all Italians this time, to design objects for grownups that would directly appeal to their impulse to invest possessions with personal meaning. Typically these would be palm-size objects, such as Stefano Giovannoni's nutcracker in the shape of a squirrel and Alessandro Mendini's "dancing" Anna G. corkscrew, with its twisting head and armlike levers.
Worried that the ideas underlying the items generated by the Tea and Coffee Piazza had become too familiar after being copied by other companies, Alessi launched a new project called Tea and Coffee Towers in 2001. In this case, about 20 architects were enlisted, including three Japanese and one Chinese. Alessi expects computer-assisted design to inspire new forms. He says, "These architects know how to use the computer like a pencil. They are so good with the PC that the design comes directly from the heart, just as a traditional designer's pencil is directly linked to the heart. This permits the creation of a wealth of shapes never seen before in products." Seven of these architects are now at work developing items for consumers, many of whom await them with the anticipation they might feel about the next movie from their favorite director.
Information about La Triennale, a cultural center for architecture and design in Milan, can be found at www.triennale.it.
Domus, a magazine of Italian architecture, can be found at www.domusweb.it.
Companies that are part of the Lombardy design discourse also partner with large companies that are not. For example, Alessi and the electronics company Philips in 1994 launched a line of appliances such as espresso machines and toasters. According to the chief creative director of Philips Design, the focus of the partnership was to provide consumers with sensory and aesthetic experiences and personal comfort rather than improved functionality. Philips and Artemide together conducted a series of workshops to investigate the affective impact of shifting colored light. Philips has recently released a flat-screen TV with Ambilight, which emanates from the rear of the TV and changes color and intensity in tandem with the images on the screen.
In 1996, Artemide had invented a lamp it called Metamorfosi—probably the best proof of my contention that the Lombardy group's inquiries into the changing meanings of objects are only secondarily about the design they ultimately assume. The lamp—that is, the object itself, as opposed to the light it emits—isn't even meant to be seen. Composed largely of translucent materials, it exists to produce colored ambient light, which the owner, using a remote-control device, alters according to his or her mood. The impetus for Metamorfosi's development was Artemide's goal, set in the mid-1990s, of conceiving a variety of products that its encroaching global competitors would never think of first. At the time, Gismondi and his managing director for brand strategy and development, Carlotta De Bevilacqua, noticed among their fellow citizens a growing concern with health and achieving peace of mind. The two convened a research team that included five well-known designers and a professor of design and that was led by a medical doctor who was also a psychiatrist. Their mission was to investigate the biological, psychological, and cultural dimensions of light. After the in-house R&D department perfected the technology, the team moved on to designing the object, whose whole purpose was to generate a light that would produce a sense of well-being in the user. As Alessi had done with model 9093, Artemide arranged exhibitions and publications to accompany Metamorfosi's introduction. The debut of the Ambilight TV and the marketing muscle behind it, the company found, helped broaden public receptivity to Artemide's older, more specialized product.
Some may think that such a design process can flourish only in surroundings as visually sophisticated and culturally rich as Milan and its hinterlands. In fact, the potential for a design discourse exists everywhere. Let's take one unpromising candidate: the Finger Lakes region of upstate New York, well over 200 miles northwest of New York City and culturally no more connected to that metropolis than western Pennsylvania. Upstate New York as a whole has a high rate of unemployment and one of the slowest-growing economies in the United States. (Job growth from 1990 to 2003 was only 2.3%, and nearly a third of the region's new residents were prisoners.) But it has the raw material for a design discourse.
Rochester, the largest city in the Finger Lakes region, with a population of 212,000, was once the headquarters of Xerox and the Gannett newspaper chain. It remains the headquarters of Bausch & Lomb, the lens manufacturer, and Eastman Kodak. The fiber-optics maker Corning is based in a nearby town of the same name. Smaller local companies manufacture high-speed digital equipment and do custom printing. The city is also home to the Center for Electronic Imaging Systems, a New York State–funded center for advanced technology that involves a collaboration among Xerox; Kodak; the University of Rochester, a medium-size research institution with excellent professional schools (including its engineering school, which has an institute of optics); and the Rochester Institute of Technology, one of the world's premier schools of print media. Less than an hour away is Alfred University, which has world-class programs in ceramics and glass sculpture and a division of expanded media, which seeks to promote collaboration among printmakers, designers, video artists, and computer programmers. Cornell, an outstanding research university, is in nearby Ithaca. In June 2006, the Arts and Cultural Council of Greater Rochester held a forum on culture and community renewal.
Despite the region's concentration of optics, imaging, and offset printing, "information sharing has been partial, creating crosstown rivalries rather than a center of the global economy," according to one local manager. Creative collaboration among artists, designers, and manufacturers is almost nonexistent. This is true even within Corning, which in 1918 acquired Steuben, a maker of art glass that, thanks to Corning's innovations, soon became famous for its purity and clarity. Corning's leadership expected a fruitful exchange between the arts and industry to result. (In researching the Finger Lakes, I stumbled on the fact that Michael Graves himself, in 1989, had designed an item for Steuben.) But despite those hopes, the traffic between Corning and Steuben has been strictly one-way.
According to one Corning scientist, the company does regularly interact with Steuben, but the job of its scientists is limited to keeping the quality of the glass and its other properties as consistent as possible. Situations sometimes arise in which Corning scientists alter the composition of the glass, but such changes typically meet with protest, because they interfere with the production of the standard goods. It was only a few months ago that Steuben approached Corning about departing from orthodoxy and developing colored glass.
Because it focuses exclusively on materials' functionality, Corning relies on its clients, such as Luxottica, an eyeglass manufacturer, and Samsung, which makes liquid crystal displays for cell phones and flat-screen monitors, to provide specifications for the glass substrates it makes. Those two companies are design-conscious, but their interaction with Corning doesn't reach the degree of collaboration that, for example, Kartell enjoys with Bayer, the German chemical company, which follows sociocultural developments so that it can propose new materials and uses to its clients before its competitors do. The clients, in turn, have come to rely on Bayer for its suggestions.
There is no such thing as an undesigned object—only an object that is well or poorly designed. Thus every business that scants the design process does so at its peril. Conceived broadly enough, that process can be the source of a stream of products that consumers find delightful, meaningful, and worthy of their loyalty. And because of its openness, the process should also prove to be inexhaustible.
Roberto Verganti is the author of Design-Driven Innovation: Changing the Rules of Competition by Radically Innovating What Things Mean (Harvard Business Press, 2009) and Innovation of Meaning (forthcoming from MIT Press). He is a professor of leadership and innovation at Politecnico di Milano.


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This member-only article appears in the May issue of Patient Safety Monitor Journal.
While still illegal federally, there are currently 33 states that have legalized marijuana for medical use. At the moment, the laws on this topic are very dependent on where your facility is located, and you should take the time to look up your state laws.
This Q&A is meant to clear up some of the broader questions around medical cannabis in healthcare—for patients as well as healthcare employees.
This Q&A has been lightly edited for clarity.
Benjamin Caplan, MD, is the founder of the CED Clinic and a spokesman for Doctors for Cannabis Regulation, the only national physicians' association dedicated to the effective regulation of cannabis in the United States.
Q: If a patient has a valid medical marijuana recommendation, is he or she allowed to bring it to the hospital? Say if they're going to be there for an extended period of time or overnight?
Caplan: That's a policy question for hospitals. There are places in the United States where it's legal to bring [medical cannabis] to a hospital, although they would not be administering it. But it's different region to region.
I think there's a legal question and an ethical question. State laws are telling medical patients that they are allowed to have a choice to use this particular medicine. Hospital policies are quite different, and for good reason. In order for doctors to best manage illnesses carefully, and to the best of our abilities, we must know as much as we can [about] what a patient is taking. But it's very common for patients to sneak cannabis in back rooms or under the radar, which is really unfortunate for everyone. I think the hospital perspective should be embracing what patients find helpful.
To have cases where patients are having seizures in a hospital and they can't get the medicine that they want (and find helpful) as an outpatient is a real cultural disconnect for the medical establishment. I think the solution is for people to not sneak around; the solution is for hospitals to open their arms to patients who find a medication helpful.
Q: Is there a process a hospital must follow before it can legally recommend medical marijuana?
Caplan: In almost every state, licensed physicians have the opportunity to recommend cannabis to their patients. Almost all the states require third-party validation of completion of supplemental medical education or course work in the specialty. My group, CED Foundation, is working toward a cannabis medicine specialty, but that doesn't exist formally yet.
Q: Should medical marijuana use be listed in a patient's records? Since it's technically a medicine the patient is taking, should it be listed as such?
Caplan: It's an interesting question. On the one hand, the medical industry is aware of it. On the other, it tries to play blind like it doesn't exist.
There are a handful of ICD codes that have to do with cannabis use. For example, "cannabis use, unspecified" or "cannabis use, unspecified with intoxication" or "cannabis dependence, in remission." All of these are examples of normal codes that we as physicians can bill to an insurance company related to cannabis discussion with our patients, much like how we might be for any other medical visit.
The billing system is built to categorize and engage with cannabis already; some of the codes describe benign, non-concerning use. "Cannabis use, unspecified or uncomplicated," for example, which is not a negative judgement on someone who's using cannabis. The system also offers codes for dependence or intoxication, which are helpful for clinical description of a patient's circumstances and not different from other commonly consumed intoxicants.
Programmatically, the system is available to talk about cannabis and have patients be open-minded and communicating with their physicians or providers. But, the policy doesn't really support it—yet.
Q: What are some of the major misconceptions that hospitals have about medical marijuana?
Caplan: I think the common misconception is that [cannabis] is in the same category of addiction as cocaine, heroin, alcohol, cigarettes, or some of the other types of commonly used drugs.
The vast majority of people who use cannabis use it intermittently or rarely, with full control over their choices and actions—cannabis use is different from cannabis abuse.
And even the word "dependence" is nuanced when it comes to cannabis. You and I might be dependent on eyeglasses, because they help us see better and help us engage with a healthy life. But I don't know that anyone would fault you for being dependent on glasses.
Similarly, people are occasionally dependent on cannabis to feel less depressed, feel less back pain, or feel less nausea when undergoing chemotherapy. It's strange and unfortunate that many in our culture have judged them negatively because of this.
The percentage of people who are addicted to cannabis, who have withdrawal symptoms if they don't have it, or need progressively greater amounts to achieve the same effect is a very small number. And considering the field of adverse effects compared to almost any other medicine, including alcohol and some over-the-counter medicines that many people abuse, we're looking at a very benign substance.
This is an excerpt from a member-only article. To read the article in its entirety, please login or subscribe to Patient Safety Monitor Journal.


Rebuilding The Pink House – Page 3 – Our 2-year process to rebuild our home after catastrophic fire.
This is what my neighbor said to me when expressing his disappointment about what our house does to their view. Incredulous at their opposition to our plight, I asked if they wanted me to put a miner's cabin back on the lot and their reply … Continue reading Hope you enjoy your new view, we sure have for the last 35 years.


What? Christmas Time and NO JESUS?
When people come into our home this time of year, the first thing they see is a small nativity scene set up on a table in the front hallway. There isn't anything particularly unusual about our nativity scene except for one thing: there is no Jesus in the manger.
No, it didn't get lost over the years.
No, my kids didn't break it when they were little.
No, Carly hasn't chewed on it (at least not yet).
Every year when the decorations are brought out, someone in our family has responsibility for hiding the baby Christ child — until Christmas Day. The empty manger helps re-create the sense of anticipation in our home throughout the month of December. It's a fun tradition and a practical one from a spiritual perspective.
In this day and age, when we are part of an impatient culture, it's easy to miss the opportunity to be still and ponder the anticipation of Jesus' coming. There is so much opportunity for worship and to experience joy and peace in this rich season of anticipation!
Life is, in fact, a process of anticipating Jesus' coming AGAIN.


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How Can Ethics Make Better AI Products?
Topics: Artificial Intelligence, Systems Engineering, Human-Centric Engineering
Jonathan B. Rotner, The MITRE Corporation
The growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has rapidly expanded the types of goods and services available, from personal convenience to professional assistance to defensive and security capabilities. Under bounded circumstances, AI is tremendously powerful at analyzing patterns, working through large amounts of data, and quickly responding to inputs. Yet as AI continues to permeate and integrate into users' lives, it can lead to significant ethical concerns. Those concerns can range from people finding creepy the automated email replies that mimic individual personalities, to alarm over the national security implications caused by deepfakes, decrying the mishandling of private data that drives AI platforms, fear of losing jobs to AI, protest over how mass surveillance so significantly impacts minority groups, and fear of losing one's life to AI. These examples show that there continue to be fielded systems that result in real harm, despite opportunity for employing better practices and lessons learned.
Speed is one significant motivator for maintaining the status quo: speed for companies that develop AI to be the first to market, and speed for United States (US) national security representatives to win an AI arms race against China. These market and international geopolitical pressures promote quick solutions, and as a result, complex problems are reduced to purely technical approaches, and products are deployed without adequate evaluation and oversight. When moving faster, there is less time to test, understand, and act on risk and impact assessments, security and privacy concerns, and opportunities for properly calibrating trust in the AI system. Including all of these elements would produce more responsible and ethical products. Put simply, decisions to act quickly or to act responsibly live in tension.
An essential element of any solution is to demonstrate that ethical AI products are better AI products. Public and private policies can shape AI's development and deployment to result in ethical AI that simultaneously boosts economic and national security outcomes. Then, the US can take advantage of existing, international demand for superior AI products. Therefore, the recommendations in this essay are directed toward two groups: the organizations that develop and deploy AI, and policymakers that can enact change.
If the US enacts these practical and impactful steps, new AI products and governance can reflect the socio-technical complexity of the problems they are trying to solve, and work to empower those using and affected by the AI. New AI products and governance can respond to a growing consumer base increasingly aware of the drawbacks of unfettered AI. New AI approaches can expand the AI workforce and contribute to a stronger economy (which also bolsters domestic security). And new AI approaches can help the US maintain international leadership and security by establishing norms that favor the promotion of Western, democratic principles.
MITRE's Computational Linguists Support Government Human Language Technology Needs


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Cyprus leaders to speed up reunification talks
Greek and Turkish Cypriots move into a new phase of negotiations to create a single state on the divided island.
By Toby Vogel
September 18, 2014	10:32 am
The leaders of the Greek and Turkish communities on Cyprus have agreed to accelerate talks that are supposed to lead to the re-unification of the divided island in the eastern Mediterranean.
Nicos Anastasiades, the president of the internationally recognised Republic of Cyprus and leader of its Greek community, and Derviş Eroğlu, the leader of the Turkish Cypriots, met in the United Nations-controlled buffer zone in the divided capital, Nicosia, yesterday (17 September) to assess the state of settlement talks and chart a way ahead.
Anastasiades and Eroğlu also agreed to seek an end to the island's 40-year division by meeting at least twice a month.
The two leaders had met the previous evening for dinner.
The latest round of talks followed the conclusion of a phase in which the two sides submitted proposals on each issue area into which the negotiations are divided.
Espen Barth Eide, the UN's new Cyprus envoy described the meeting as "friendly and constructive". Eide, a former foreign minister of Norway, took up his new post early this month.
In his read-out of the meeting, Eide said that the two leaders had instructed their chief negotiators to advance to the next stage of the talks, in which compromises might be struck across issue areas.
"Now actually we will put all the difficult questions on the table in a negotiating format," Eide said.
Substantial differences persist on a number of issues, from governance arrangements to security measures. The Greek Cypriots are seeking assurances that a common state would not be paralysed by ethnic veto rights while the Turkish Cypriots worry about being outvoted by the far larger Greek community.
The Greek side also rejects the notion of permanent derogations from EU rules, for example on the free movement of people, while the Turkish side wants to be sure it will have a level of control over who can take up residence in Turkish areas.
Eide said that a "number of interesting ideas" was being developed by the UN that will be shared "when the time is ripe".
A visit by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Turkey's newly-elected president, to northern Cyprus, which is under Turkish occupation, at the beginning of the month was seen as a provocation by Cyprus's government. Ahmet Davutoğlu, who succeeded Erdoğan as prime minister at the end of August, also visited the Turkish-controlled part on Tuesday (16 September), adding to the government's irritation.
The two sides have agreed in principle to create a bi-zonal, bi-communal federation with single international personality on the island, which was divided by a Turkish invasion following an abortive, pro-Greece coup in 1974. But previous attempts to re-unify the island all failed. The latest attempt began in February.
More from ... Toby Vogel
EU blasts Belarus for 'hijack' of airliner and arrest of activist
Leaders to discuss possible sanctions at summit on Monday.
Georgian opposition leader arrested amid political crisis
Nikanor Melia's arrest comes after Irakli Garibashvili was sworn in as Georgia's new prime minister on Monday.
Armenia-Azerbaijan ceasefire proves short-lived again
Both sides trade accusations as violence over Nagorno-Karabakh continues.
Bernie's legacy hangs in the balance
Will his ideas outlive his candidacy? A lot will depend on how he and his supporters handle the next few months.
By Simon Van Dorpe
February 23, 2021	9:34 am
By William Adkins
October 18, 2020	5:54 pm
By Sarah Wheaton
April 9, 2020	10:49 am
Derviş Eroğlu	Nicos Anastasiades


All Exam Candidates may check Lalit Narayan Mithila University MA in Political Science results 2019-20 at: Corresponding Colleges or Institute or in Lalit Narayan Mithila University itself.
How Lalit Narayan Mithila University MA in Political Science Result 2019-20 (Offline) – You can get your MA in Political Science results through online Lalit Narayan Mithila University official website.
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text:
Tim White (born July 30, 1950) is an American news anchor and investigative reporter known for his role as host of the FOX-TV / Sci-Fi Channel / syndicated paranormal documentary series Sightings from 1992 to 1997. In 2002, White narrated the United States version of the Discovery Channel documentary program The Future Is Wild on the possible evolution of life on Earth. From 1999 to 2008, Tim was the co-anchor of the Evening News broadcasts for NBC Affiliate WKYC-TV, Channel 3 in Cleveland, Ohio.

Biography

White, who was born Dale Timothy White in Detroit, and raised in Clare, Michigan, attended college at Michigan State University and the University of Southern California, and earned a doctorate in communications from the University of Maryland. He served in the Air Force Reserve, attaining the rank of brigadier general.

Accomplishments and awards

White's on-air television credits include WJZ-TV (Baltimore), WCVB-TV (Boston), and WTTG-TV (Washington, D.C.), where he won multiple Emmy Awards anchoring Fox Morning News. He has also hosted programs for PBS, CBS-TV, CNN, Turner Broadcasting, Knowledge TV, Paramount Pictures, and Worldnet. White joined WKYC-TV Channel 3, Gannett's NBC affiliate in Cleveland, Ohio in 1999. White is also inducted into the Ohio Radio and Television Broadcasters Hall of Fame.

On December 12, 2008, White opted to leave WKYC as a result of his contract not being renewed. The two parties could not come to an agreement on the financial terms of a new contract.

White is the president of Lives and Legacies Films, Inc. which has produced the PBS series First Person Singular, most notably a program on the life of Elie Wiesel. After managing his own news group company in Cody, Wyoming for the past few years, White currently resides in Arlington, Virginia.

Career as Air Force Reserve general

White retired from the Air Force Reserve as a Brigadier General on August 14, 2006. White had also served as Director of Public Affairs, Office of the Secretary of the Air Force, the Pentagon, Washington, D.C. and Mobilization Assistant to Director of Strategic Communication.

Major achievements and decorations

   Legion of Merit
   Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf clusters
   Air Force Commendation Medal
   Joint Service Commendation Medal

Effective dates of promotion

  Second ;ieutenant – June 9, 1971
  First lieutenant – May 15, 1973
  Captain – June 23, 1978
  Major – March 7, 1988
  Lieutenant colonel – June 15, 1992
  Colonel – September 1, 1996
  Brigadier general – August 14, 2001

References

External links
Tim White Interview at Famous Interview Website
Elie Wiesel: First Person Singular

Living people
Television anchors from Cleveland
Michigan State University alumni
University of Southern California alumni
United States Air Force generals
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
People from Clare, Michigan
Television anchors from Boston
Television anchors from Baltimore
Television anchors from Detroit
1949 births
Recipients of the Legion of Merit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia