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DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE PROTECTION v. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL SECURITY LLC
Court of Appeal, Third District, California.
DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND FIRE PROTECTION, Plaintiff and Appellant, v. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC, Defendant and Respondent.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Robert W. Byrne, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Randy L. Barrow and Stephen M. Lerner, Deputy Attorneys General, for Defendant and Appellant. Ryan & Lifter, Jill J. Lifter and Robert L. Davis for Plaintiff and Respondent.
At issue is the interpretation of two mutual aid firefighting agreements. One agreement states as relevant, "No party to this Agreement shall be required to pay compensation to the other party for services rendered. The mutual advantages and protection afforded by this Agreement shall be adequate consideration." The other agreement states as pertinent that the plaintiff here, California's Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (Cal Fire), "assumes financial responsibility for aircraft, hand crew, engine, and dozer resources needed to effectively contain [a] fire" (in another jurisdiction's area that adjacently threatens an area in Cal Fire's jurisdiction).
The principal question on appeal is whether these agreements are reasonably susceptible to an interpretation that the jurisdiction receiving aid is liable for fire suppression and related costs incurred by the jurisdiction giving aid, if the jurisdiction receiving aid has negligently acquiesced in, or has negligently failed to prevent, known conditions, circumstances, or conduct that might reasonably be expected to result in the starting of the fire. Our answer, "No." Consequently, we shall affirm the summary judgment in favor of the jurisdiction that received aid here, defendant Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC.
The summary judgment papers disclose the following undisputed facts.
The Two Mutual Aid Agreements at Issue
Governmental jurisdictions enter into mutual aid firefighting agreements to assist one another in fighting fires within their jurisdictions. Two such agreements are at issue here.
The first agreement was entered into in 1993 between Cal Fire and the Regents of the University of California (the UC Regents) along with 20–plus other governmental jurisdictions covering Alameda County; the UC Regents was the contractor operating the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory at that time, on behalf of the United States Department of Energy (the Department of Energy). This agreement is entitled, "Agreement for Mutual Fire Assistance" (hereafter Mutual Assistance Agreement).
As pertinent, the Mutual Assistance Agreement states:
"5. COMPENSATION. No party to this Agreement shall be required to pay compensation to the other party for services rendered. The mutual advantages and protection afforded by this Agreement shall be adequate consideration." (Boldface added.)
The second agreement was entered into in 1998 between Cal Fire and the "L.L.N.L. [ (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) ] Fire Department." This agreement is known as the "Threat Zone Agreement."
As pertinent, the Threat Zone Agreement states:
"[II.A.]A zone of threat [ (i.e., a threat zone) ] is [a] delineated ․ non-state responsibility area[ ] whereon any fire is considered a threat to [an] adjacent [state responsibility area]. In these [threat] zones, [Cal Fire] assumes financial responsibility for aircraft, hand crew, engine, and dozer resources needed to effectively contain the fire․ [¶] [Cal Fire] response to the delineated threat zones ․ shall be automatic upon notification by the requesting agency at predetermined alarm levels [of low, medium, or high based on burning index levels at the time of request]. [¶] ․ [¶]
"[III.A.] Requests for [Cal Fire] resources will be directed to [Cal Fire] Emergency Command Center․"
The Threat Zone Agreement adds in section I., "Such use of [Cal Fire's] resources shall be based upon availability at the time of request"; and states as its "PURPOSE": "[To][e]stablish procedures and responsibilities for the use of [Cal Fire] aircraft, hand crews, engines, and dozers—other than those provided under standard mutual aid—by [governmental] agencies for fire suppression․" (Boldface added.)
The Parties Involved in the Fire, the Fire Site, and the Facts of the Fire
Defendant Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC (Lawrence Livermore LLC) is a limited liability company created specifically to manage and operate, on behalf of the Department of Energy, the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (the Laboratory) and the Laboratory's 7,000–acre experimental test site, known as Site 300. Lawrence Livermore LLC has managed and operated the Laboratory since October 1, 2007; prior to that date, the UC Regents did so.
On June 19, 2009, Site 300 experienced high winds, which caused an insulator attached to a power pole to detach. This created excess slack in the power line, causing that line to contact another line, resulting in arcing and sparks which ignited a dry grass fire on Site 300. Cal Fire rendered mutual aid. The fire spread beyond Site 300, into Cal Fire's jurisdiction.
Cal Fire's Complaint Against Lawrence Livermore LLC, and the Latter's Answer
Cal Fire sued Lawrence Livermore LLC, alleging that the latter negligently maintained the power pole insulator that resulted in the fire and that Cal Fire is entitled, under Health and Safety Code sections 13009 and 13009.1,1 to recover the $88,754.67 Cal Fire spent suppressing that fire, plus certain related costs.2 These two statutes allow Cal Fire to recover fire suppression and related costs from parties who negligently set a fire or allow a fire to start. (See County of Ventura v. So. Cal. Edison Co. (1948) 85 Cal.App.2d 529, 532 (County of Ventura ).)
In its answer, Lawrence Livermore LLC alleged as a fourth affirmative defense, "Plaintiff and defendant are parties to a mutual aid agreement which precludes plaintiff from recovering the damages alleged in the complaint from this answering defendant."
The Summary Adjudication/Judgment Proceedings
Based on their respective pleadings noted immediately above, Cal Fire moved for summary adjudication of Lawrence Livermore LLC's fourth affirmative defense, and Lawrence Livermore LLC moved for summary judgment based on that defense. Lawrence Livermore LLC prevailed and obtained judgment, the trial court remarking at the hearing, "I just think the agreement[s][are] so clear and unambiguous․"
I. Preliminary Issue—Standing of Lawrence Livermore LLC
We must first consider a preliminary issue. Cal Fire contends the trial court erred in finding that Lawrence Livermore LLC has standing to enforce the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement against Cal Fire.
The trial court found that Lawrence Livermore LLC is the agent of the Laboratory/Department of Energy and therefore has standing to enforce both agreements against Cal Fire. We agree.
The Mutual Assistance Agreement was entered into in 1993, and the Threat Zone Agreement in 1998, when the UC Regents managed and operated the Laboratory.
The Mutual Assistance Agreement identifies the following as a party:
"[The UC Regents], Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, operating pursuant to prime contract No. W–7405–ENG–48, ․ with the ․ Department of Energy; it being further understood that the ․ Department of Energy may fulfill its obligations, if any, under this Agreement through its operating prime contractor." (Some capitalization omitted.)
The operating contract for the Laboratory between Lawrence Livermore LLC and the Department of Energy states as pertinent as to party:
"CONTINUATION OF PREDECESSOR CONTRACTOR'S OBLIGATIONS—
"On October 1, 2007, [Lawrence Livermore LLC] shall assume responsibility and will continue to perform any existing agreements ․ entered into under Contract No. W–7405–ENG–48, by the predecessor contractor [ (the UC Regents) ]. These agreements ․ include all ․ agreements with ․ state regulatory agencies․"
Thus, Lawrence Livermore LLC continued to fulfill the obligations under the Mutual Assistance Agreement previously fulfilled by the UC Regents, when it (Lawrence Livermore LLC) became the Laboratory's operating contractor for the Department of Energy on October 1, 2007. This continuation of contractor obligations benefitted Cal Fire under the Mutual Assistance Agreement. Cal Fire never objected to Lawrence Livermore LLC continuing such obligations as the Department of Energy's agent. Consequently, Lawrence Livermore LLC can enforce the Mutual Assistance Agreement against Cal Fire.
As for the Threat Zone Agreement, the parties to it were Cal Fire and the "L.L.N.L. [ (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) ] Fire Department." Again, Lawrence Livermore LLC, as the Laboratory's operating contractor, has assumed responsibility for fire duties at the Laboratory and Site 300. The evidence presented in the summary judgment/adjudication motions showed that the L.L.N.L. Fire Department was staffed by personnel employed by the UC Regents until Lawrence Livermore LLC became the Laboratory's operating contractor; at that point, the L.L.N.L. Fire Department became staffed by personnel employed by the Alameda County Fire Department under contract with Lawrence Livermore LLC. Consequently, Lawrence Livermore LLC can enforce the Threat Zone Agreement against Cal Fire.
II. Standard of Review
On appeal from a summary judgment based on a trial court's interpretation of a contract, we are not bound by that interpretation (1) if there is no extrinsic evidence concerning its interpretation, (2) if there is no conflict in such evidence, or (3) if, as here, the conflicting extrinsic evidence is of a written nature only. In these three situations, the trial court is in no better interpretive position than are we to construe the summary judgment-determinative agreement. (Milazo v. Gulf Ins. Co. (1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1528, 1534.)
" ' "When a dispute arises over the meaning of contract language, the first question to be decided is whether the language is 'reasonably susceptible' to the interpretation urged by the party. If it is not, the case is over. [Citation.] If the court decides the language is reasonably susceptible to the interpretation urged, the court moves to the second question: what did the parties intend the language to mean?" ' [Citation.] ․ Thus, where ' "contract language is clear and explicit and does not lead to absurd results, we ascertain intent from the written terms and go no further." ' [Citation.] 'If the contract is capable of more than one reasonable interpretation, it is ambiguous [citations], and [we] ․ apply [ ] the standard rules of interpretation in order to give effect to the mutual intention of the parties [citation].' ․ [¶] ․ [¶] In sum, courts must give a ' "reasonable and commonsense interpretation" ' of a contract consistent with the parties' apparent intent." (People ex rel. Lockyer v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. (2003) 107 Cal.App.4th 516, 524–526 (Lockyer ).)
III. The Interpretation of the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement
As noted, the Mutual Assistance Agreement states as relevant, "No party to this Agreement shall be required to pay compensation to the other party for services rendered. The mutual advantages and protection afforded by this Agreement shall be adequate consideration."
And the Threat Zone Agreement echoes that Cal Fire "assumes financial responsibility for aircraft, hand crew, engine, and dozer resources needed to effectively contain the fire" (here, the fire was in Lawrence Livermore LLC's jurisdiction at Site 300, which is an area that threatens an area under Cal Fire's jurisdiction; this threat zone agreement presents a special mutual aid situation).
This unconditional quoted language in these two agreements is not reasonably susceptible to Cal Fire's interpretation of them—that if the jurisdiction receiving aid is negligently responsible for the fire, that jurisdiction is liable under sections 13009 and 13009.1 for the fire suppression and related costs incurred by the jurisdiction giving aid. As such, the case is over for Cal Fire. (Lockyer, supra, 107 Cal.App.4th at p. 524.)
But even assuming for the sake of argument that the two agreements are reasonably susceptible to Cal Fire's interpretation, we arrive, as we shall explain, at the same spot—Cal Fire's case is without merit.
Sections 13009 and 13009.1—which provide the statutory basis for Cal Fire's complaint against Lawrence Livermore LLC—state as relevant:
"Any person ․ who negligently ․ sets a fire, allows a fire to be set, or allows a fire kindled or attended by him or her to escape onto any public or private property ․ is liable for[:]
"[t]he fire suppression costs incurred in fighting the fire and for the cost of providing rescue or emergency medical service ․ " (§ 13009, subd. (a));
"[t]he cost of investigating and making any reports with respect to the fire [; and]
"[t]he costs relating to accounting for that fire and the collection of any funds pursuant to Section 13009 ․ " (§ 13009.1, subd. (a)(1) & (2)).
The section 13009/13009.1 language of "negligently ․ allows a fire to be set" has been interpreted as extending to "a negligent acquiescence in, or [a negligent] failure to prevent[,] known conditions, circumstances, or conduct which might reasonably be expected to result in the starting of a fire." (County of Ventura, supra, 85 Cal.App.2d at p. 532.)
Cal Fire's principal interpretive argument on appeal is that the trial court (1) erroneously concluded that the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement apply to the Site 300 fire, since these agreements do not apply when the fire is started negligently by a signatory to them, and (2) erroneously found, in related fashion, that Cal Fire waived its section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire suppression and related costs for negligently started fires, in these two agreements.
The language of the two agreements, quoted above, neither mentions sections 13009 and 13009.1 nor anything at all on the negligence-based, cost-recovery right they embody. Again, under the plain language of the two agreements, the jurisdiction receiving aid does not have to pay the costs of the jurisdiction giving aid, the mutual protection being sufficient consideration.
On appeal, Cal Fire concedes it was aware of its section 13009/13009.1 statutory right to recover fire suppression and related costs when it signed the two agreements. Cal Fire could hardly do otherwise. As Lawrence Livermore LLC correctly notes in its brief, there is a line of published decisions involving Cal Fire's (or its predecessor's) efforts to recover such costs dating back at least three decades before Cal Fire signed the Mutual Assistance Agreement in 1993. (See, e.g., People v. Williams (1963) 222 Cal.App.2d 152; Giorgi v. Pacific Gas & Elec. Co. (1968) 266 Cal.App.2d 355; People v. Southern Pacific Co. (1983) 139 Cal.App.3d 627.)
Doubtless, fires commonly result from negligence of some sort. Cal Fire, being in the forest fire business, is well acquainted with controlled burns, where negligence is a paramount concern. Coupling these two undisputed facts with Cal Fire's extensive knowledge of, and experience with, its section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire suppression and related costs, we too find that Cal Fire waived—i.e., knowingly and intentionally relinquished—this statutory right in the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement. (See Waller v. Truck Ins. Exchange, Inc. (1995) 11 Cal.4th 1, 31 [" ' "[w]aiver is the intentional relinquishment of a known right after knowledge of the facts" ' "].)
Cal Fire counters that, while it was aware of its section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire suppression and related costs, it was unaware that it was waiving this right by signing either agreement. Based on summary judgment declarations, Cal Fire states: "Because the parties never discussed waiving this right and Lawrence Livermore [LLC's] sole negotiator was unaware of this right when he negotiated both agreements, the parties could not have intended to waive this right."
However, that sole negotiator, John A. Sharry, in a declaration supporting Lawrence Livermore LLC's summary judgment motion, declared: "Though in negotiating the terms of the Mutual [Assistance] Agreement the parties did not specifically address it, the intent of the Mutual [Assistance] Agreement is for each party to provide mutual aid under [that agreement] without regard to whether one of the parties started a fire for which mutual aid is sought or given." As we have seen, that is how the relevant language of the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement reads. And, with respect to the interpretive issue of waiver raised on appeal by Cal Fire, the focus is on whether Cal Fire waived its known section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire suppression and related costs.
Furthermore, Cal Fire states in its opening brief that it entered into the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement "[p]ursuant to section 13050." Under that statute and its corresponding statutes, the "equipment and firefighting force of any public entity may be used for the purpose of providing fire protection or firefighting services ․ [i]n any other public entity with the [latter's] consent ․ " (§ 13050, subd. (a)); "[t]he reasonable value of th[at] use ․ may constitute a charge against the public entity in which the firefighting services are furnished" (§ 13051); and "[t]he public entity rendering the service may present a claim to the public entity liable therefor" (§ 13052). The compensation language in the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement, as noted, is directly contrary to this compensation language. This is one more indication that Cal Fire did not intend to invoke its section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire suppression and related costs in these two agreements.
Finally, Cal Fire's interpretation of the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement, as the summary judgment evidence shows, undermines the contractual-based mutual aid framework here. Again, fires commonly result from negligence. The negligence underlying the section 13009/13009.1 right to recover fire costs has been broadly defined to extend to a negligent acquiescence in, or a negligent failure to prevent, known conditions, circumstances, or conduct that might reasonably be expected to result in the starting of a fire. (County of Ventura, supra, 85 Cal.App.2d at p. 532.) If Lawrence Livermore LLC is liable to Cal Fire under sections 13009 and 13009.1, notwithstanding the two agreements at issue here, for negligently allowing the Site 300 power pole-insulator fire to start (under this broad definition), how will such liability be contained? Under Cal Fire's interpretation of the two agreements at issue, if a mutual aid jurisdiction (and not simply its fire department) has been negligent somehow, somewhere, over the vast expanse of its territory—and if such negligence leads to a fire—that jurisdiction must pay for any mutual aid rendered. To adopt Cal Fire's reading of the two agreements here would undercut the spirit and camaraderie underlying the contractual-based mutual aid framework at issue here, and would inhibit jurisdictions from invoking mutual aid. If one's barn is on fire, the good neighbor runs to help fight it—no questions asked—knowing he can be assured of the same protection should a similar fate befall him.3
Admittedly, one can argue that our interpretation of the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement may lead a jurisdiction to insufficiently maintain its own firefighting force or to act negligently in some other way, knowing it can rely on its mutual agencies without consequence. However, a deficient agency is also a mutual agency and once its neighboring agencies realize this state of affairs, the agency will likely soon be left to its own devices, as a practical matter if not also a formal one. The Mutual Assistance Agreement states as relevant that "[i]n the event that a party to this Agreement is unable to fulfill its obligations to the Agreement on a continuing basis, that party may be removed from the obligations and benefits of the Agreement by the written mutual consent of the Fire Chiefs of the other parties."
We conclude that the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement are not subject to Cal Fire's interpretation; Lawrence Livermore LLC's interpretation of the two agreements is the correct one.
Perhaps realizing the forces arrayed against its interpretation, Cal Fire argues that (1) the Mutual Assistance Agreement does not even apply here because Cal Fire did not dispatch resources pursuant to it, as Lawrence Livermore LLC did not make a formal request to do so, and (2) the trial court erred in applying the Threat Zone Agreement to areas outside the threat zone (i.e., outside Site 300).
As to the first point, the Mutual Assistance Agreement does not explicitly contain a request provision, though the Threat Zone Agreement does (although Cal Fire argues that a response under the Threat Zone Agreement is automatic).4
We are not sure what to make of Cal Fire's second point. The citation to the record that Cal Fire provides in its opening brief to support this point is from the trial court's ruling, which stated, as relevant, only that, "[P]ursuant to the terms of the [Threat Zone] [A]greement, when the fire started on Site 300[,] ․ [Cal Fire] assumed financial responsibility for its firefighting efforts in the [threat ] zone." (Italics added.)
In any event, these two points do not overcome the undisputed facts that a fire started on Site 300; that Cal Fire provided mutual aid to help fight that fire; that under both agreements at issue, the jurisdiction receiving aid does not have to pay the costs of the jurisdiction giving aid, mutual aid protection being an adequate consideration; and that the Threat Zone Agreement explicitly acknowledges its special role in the general mutual aid framework (stating as its purpose, "[To][e]stablish procedures and responsibilities for the use of [Cal Fire] aircraft, hand crews, engines, and dozers—other than those provided under standard mutual aid—by [governmental] agencies for fire suppression ․ ").5 ¿
The judgment is affirmed. Defendant Lawrence Livermore LLC shall recover its costs on appeal. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.278(a)(1), (2).) (CERTIFIED FOR PUBLICATION)
1. Undesignated statutory references are to the Health and Safety Code.
2. In its complaint, Cal Fire dubs this fire the "Explosives Fire," but the fire did not involve explosives testing. In its opening brief on appeal, Cal Fire states the "fire quickly spread beyond Site 300 into areas of Cal Fire's responsibility and continued to burn until suppressed by Cal Fire at a cost of approximately $88,754.67." The resolution of this case does not involve or turn on any distinction between the start of the fire on Site 300 in Lawrence Livermore LLC's jurisdiction, and the spread of the fire into an area in Cal Fire's jurisdiction. We will call the fire the "Site 300 fire."
3. Somewhat similar sentiments underlie the decision in People ex rel. Grijalva v. Superior Court (2008) 159 Cal.App.4th 1072. There, the Court of Appeal held that a public entity's recovery of firefighting costs under sections 13009 and 13009.1 cannot, consistent with the fire protection immunity statutes (Gov.Code, §§ 850, 850.2, 850.4), be reduced based on its own negligence or its own failure to minimize firefighting costs, and, therefore, the affirmative defenses of comparative fault and failure to mitigate damages cannot be available in an action to recover such costs. (Grijalva, supra, at pp. 1077–1078.) The fire protection immunity statutes have not been raised as an issue here, but under Cal Fire's interpretation of the two agreements at issue, these statutes might add further complexity.
4. As relevant, the Threat Zone Agreement states that "[Cal Fire] response to the delineated threat zones ․ shall be automatic upon notification by the requesting agency at predetermined alarm levels [ (low, medium, high) ]"; that "[r]equests for [Cal Fire] resources will be directed to [Cal Fire] Emergency Command Center [ (phone number provided) ]"; and that "[s]uch use of [Cal Fire's] resources shall be based upon availability at the time of request."
5. Finally, Cal Fire raises three points that merit only footnote consideration.First, Cal Fire asserts the trial court erred by interpreting the Mutual Assistance Agreement as limiting Cal Fire's exclusive remedy for fire suppression costs to a federal statute (15 U.S.C. § 2210). Under that statute, which the Mutual Assistance Agreement explicitly recognizes as still applicable, a fire agency that has fought a fire on federal land may file a federal claim to recover its direct expenses and losses in fighting the fire. Cal Fire's argument is that this statute does not preclude a state agency from pursuing recovery of its fire suppression costs against the United States under the federal Tort Claims Act (28 U.S.C. § 1346). We express no views on this argument, other than to say it is inapplicable here to the extent it runs counter to our interpretation of the Mutual Assistance Agreement.Second, Cal Fire contends the trial court did not sustain any objections to Cal Fire's evidence offered in opposition to Lawrence Livermore LLC's summary judgment motion, and, to the extent it did, the trial court erred. However, the trial court did sustain Lawrence Livermore LLC's objections to identical evidence offered by Cal Fire in support of its summary adjudication motion. And the trial court did not err. This evidence went to Cal Fire's "reasonably susceptible" interpretation of the Mutual Assistance Agreement and the Threat Zone Agreement. As we have seen, those two agreements are not subject to such an interpretation and, even if we assume they are, Cal Fire still loses.And, third, by failing to separately head the point in its brief, Cal Fire has forfeited its contention that Lawrence Livermore LLC served its summary judgment motion one day late. (Cal. Rules of Court, rule 8.204(a)(1)(B).)
BUTZ , J.
We concur: HULL, Acting P. J. HOCH, J.


TBI is an established brand which acquired Ora, both alternative investment companies. The consolidated brand was TBI.
The TBI logo needed modernisation but it also needed to reflect some of the values of Ora. We also did not want to entirely swap out TBI values such as trust, ethics and history.
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Pixel Instinct game by HG Mobile Apps a fast paced reflex game to develop your instincts, avoid obstacles and learn to use power-ups at the right time.
It's a fast paced reflex game to develop your instincts, avoid obstacles, learn to use power-ups at the right time. Advance to the next level and find completely different patterns of movement that develop your reflexes even further.
By changing shapes, speeds and moving patterns, every level provides a new challenge for you. Use your intuition to anticipate which way the obstacles move and avoid them by moving at 90 degree angles clockwise or counter-clockwise.
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Simple and intuitive, yet Pixel Instinct provides a real challenge even for the pro gamers on its hardest levels.
Try to be calm, relax and put your reflexes to the test to solve the puzzle!
This game reminds me of 2 retro classic games - Snake Byte and Asteroids. Why?
Well, it reminds us of Snake Byte because of the way the player moves around the screen in a defined pattern.
On the other hand, it reminds us of Asteroids for its minimalist style and the way the shapes are moving.
Playing on the browser with a mouse, it feels a lot easier to focus on the blue square to turn in one direction. However, on mobile, controlling the square to turn left and right is easy by using left and right thumbs.
Overall, the game is easy to pick up and play. Those who enjoy the genre should give it a try.


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Home / Music / Music Genres / Alternative Rock / Music Premiere: Brother Reverend – 'Another Hand' Is First-Rate
Music Premiere: Brother Reverend – 'Another Hand' Is First-Rate
Randall Radic August 13, 2018 Comments Off on Music Premiere: Brother Reverend – 'Another Hand' Is First-Rate 114 Views
Brother Reverend premieres "Another Hand" today on Blogcritics. The track is from their album The Tables Turn Too Often.
Formulated in Atlanta and actually implemented in NYC, Brother Revered is made up of Keith Xenos (vocals, guitar) and Fletcher Liegerot (drums), along with an assortment of musicians. The band's influences include Bob Dylan, Ray Davies, Curtis Mayfield, and the Beach Boys upbeat tempos, only with hints of decay and shadows running through it.
The band's sound is difficult to pigeonhole because it's eclectic and encompasses just about everything under the sun. If pressed, I'd define them as stylish alt rock, but the term doesn't do their sound justice.
"I don't think we belong to any particular genre because our influences are myriad, but there are certain melodies and scales that I intentionally avoid when writing songs. Everything has to pass the 'Ray Charles Test,' meaning that if I can't imagine him singing a version of it, then it gets scrapped," says Keith.
"Another Hand" opens with a country hoe-down-bluesy-alt-rock flavor, twangy and slightly discordant, like Bob Dylan testing the sonic boundaries. Another way to describe it would be: Mississippi mud blues performed by The Kinks with Keith Richards on lead guitar. In other words, a little off-kilter but deliciously excellent.
The rhythm is raw, visceral, and potently simple. I love the unfinished sound of the drums and the dirty crash of the cymbals. A tumescent guitar solo, uncooked and bloody infuses the tune with intrinsically rudimentary tones bordering on burlesque pungency, like Jimi Hendrix messing around in his garage. It's superbly grimy and gut-wrenching.
Xenos' voice exudes authentic, effortless tones, along with comfy nonchalance. It's reminiscent of Davies on "Sunny Afternoon," emanating a scrumptious lazy application of timbres.
"Another Hand" is first-rate, pulsing with rough primitive energy atop the pressure of sooty harmonics. Brother Reverend has beau coup talent, which, combined with their ferocious creativity, makes them significant.
Follow Brother Reverend on their official site and Facebook.
Tags alt rock Another Hand blues Brother Reverend music Music Review Rock Single Review The Tables Turn Too Often
About Randall Radic
Left Coast author and writer. Author of numerous true crime books written under the pen-name of John Lee Brook. Former music contributor at Huff Post.
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Music Review: Team Dresch – 'Choices, Chance, Changes', 'Captain My Captain' & 'Personal Best'
Team Dresch have re-released and remastered, 'Choices, Chances, Changes', Captain My Captain', and 'Personal Best', three great examples of Queercore

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Clarks Mens Fulham High Big Discount - Port Manteaux churns out silly new words when you feed it an idea or two. Enter a word (or two) above and you'll get back a bunch of portmanteaux created by jamming together words that are conceptually related to your inputs. For example, enter "giraffe" and you'll get.


It's satisfying to dip into the ongoing stream of historical Civil War literature and be able to say "This is a good one!". Levine looks into the Confederacy's complex subcultures, classes and motivations and comes up with some fascinating fresh insights, as well as succinct renderings of pertinent battles and campaigns.
A delicious sociopolitical examination/rumination of the Cold War US via popular culture. Though primarily a film critic, Hoberman has always put his reviews (even back when he was the Village Voice film critic) in a larger cultural context. It lives up to the cover art!
Beevor has written several excellent books about particular aspects of the war, and now his complete overview of the subject is a superb addition to the latest generation of WW2 literature. He writes a compelling narrative and brings fresh insights and perspective and pulls it all together beautifully.
Huzzah! A new book by the Pulitzer-winning author of Battle Cry of Freedom, my choice for the go-to one-volume history of the Civil War. Here he treats the naval aspect of the conflict with the same compelling narrative style as Battle Cry, including blockade runners, extraordinary battles for dominance of the crucial Mississippi River and the total game-changing introduction of ironclads.
A veritable intellectual historical thriller concerning the wire-thin survival into modern times of Lucretius' On the Nature of Things - an astonishingly humanist view arrived at centuries before the Enlightenment. It reads like a novel, and reminds us of how tenuous can be the survival of ideas - especially when a power structure like the Roman Church is trying to obliterate them.
Ambergris, a biliary secretion of sperm whales, is one of the most expensive substances on earth. And though it has been used as everything from a perfume fixative to a seasoning, we still know remarkably little about it. Kemp's quirky little book bobs through an ocean of information about this fragrant flotsam, picking over New Zealand beaches, whaling histories, seventeenth century newspapers, perfumer's manuals, and the latest marine research in order to bring us the weird, wandering story of this strange commodity.
Charles Mann has done it again. Like his previous book, 1491, Mann synthesizes current historical scholarship and gives us a radically new and fascinating interpretation of the enormous, world-wide changes brought about with the European discovery of the New World, known as the Columbian Exchange.
Toll (author of the superb Six Frigates) starts with a horrific narrative of Pearl Harbor, goes through the savage learning curve of the Battle of the Coral Sea (this was all a new kind of warfare) and climaxes with a spectacular account of Midway. In-depth portraits of the major players add an exciting dimension to the great naval duel.


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The following article was featured in the November 2018 edition of Legacy, the Vorys newsletter focused on wealth planning.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that was signed into law at the end of 2017 made sweeping changes to many laws affecting donors. For example, the standard deduction was doubled. It is now $12,000 for single filers and $24,000 for a married couple filing jointly. This change, combined with the $10,000 limit on state and local tax deductions and the elimination of other deductions means that many donors will no longer itemize deductions. While this eliminates one tax incentive for many donors to make charitable contributions, other gifting strategies remain available to donors to maximize their tax benefits while supporting their favorite charities.
1. Gifts of Appreciated Property: Donors can still eliminate capital gains by making charitable contributions of appreciated long-term securities or real estate. In addition, donors who itemize deductions may also generally take a deduction equal to the fair market value of the gifted property.
2. IRA Charitable Rollover: Donors over the age of 70½ who have not yet taken the required distribution from their IRA may direct a tax-free transfer of up to $100,000 to a public charity.
3. Bunching Gifts: Donors may consider combining multiple years of their typical charitable gifts into one year, also referred to as "bunching," such that their deductions will exceed the standard deduction amount in one year and therefore itemizing deductions will result in greater tax benefits.
Donor-Advised Funds: An alternative to paying such bunched gifts directly to charitable organizations in one year is to establish and fund a donor-advised fund (DAF). A DAF is a charitable vehicle established at a public charity that allows donors to make a significant charitable contribution into the DAF and then make non-binding recommendations for grants from the DAF to other charities over time. Donors receive the benefit of an immediate income tax charitable deduction (assuming they itemize) upon the initial contribution to the DAF and assistance with fund administration and investments. Donors may then make contributions from the DAF to their designated charities over time. An added benefit is that DAF contributions may grow tax-free over time.
New Increased Cap for Cash Gifts: Donors who itemize deductions may now generally deduct up to 60 percent of AGI (increased from 50 percent) for charitable contributions made in cash.
4. Retirement Plan Assets at Death: By designating charitable organizations as beneficiaries of a retirement plan rather than individuals, such assets will not be subject to income tax with respect to the beneficiaries.
5. Consider Lifetime Gifts Versus Testamentary Gifts: Donors with assets well below the federal estate tax exemption amount who make gifts of non-retirement plan assets to charity after their death will not receive any estate tax benefit at death and may not receive any income tax benefits. If such donors can afford to make some or all of such gifts during their lifetime, they may be able to better utilize the income tax deduction.
6. Charitable Trusts: Charitable remainder trusts (CRTs) and charitable lead trusts (CLTs) continue to be available for donors to provide payments to noncharitable and charitable beneficiaries while potentially receiving income, estate and gift tax benefits.
CRTs provide annual payments to non-charitable beneficiaries for a certain term, and at the end of the term, the balance in the CRT passes to one or more designated charitable organizations. An income tax deduction is available for a portion of the contribution to the CRT in the year the CRT is established, and the balance that passes to the charities at the end of the term will be excluded from the donor's estate. CRTs are typically funded with appreciated assets because CRTs are tax-exempt and will generally not have capital gain on the sale of such assets. This preserves the entire asset value for the beneficiaries.
CLTs can be funded during lifetime or at death. CLTs provide annual payments to one or more designated charitable organizations for a certain term, and at the end of the term, the balance in the CLT passes to or is held in trust for the benefit of noncharitable beneficiaries. CLTs are most commonly used for estate and gift tax planning purposes; however, depending on the type of CLT, the donor may be entitled to income tax benefits as well.
While many donors will no longer itemize deductions, philanthropic individuals continue to have a variety of gifting strategies to achieve tax benefits while also benefiting their favorite charitable organizations. Contact your Vorys attorney if you are considering year-end charitable gifts.
 The federal estate tax exemption for 2018 is $11.18 million per person. The exemption increases to $11.4 million per person in 2019 and is indexed for inflation through 2025. In 2026, the exemption will decrease to $5,000,000, indexed for inflation.


Police are investigating reports that a motorist intentionally drove at a man in the street leaving him seriously injured.
The incident happened in Dryden Way, Southey Green, and involved a collision between a 4x4 vehicle and a man aged 32.
The man was taken to hospital with serious leg injuries where he remains in a serious but stable condition.
Detectives are treating the incident, which happened yesterday at 7.50pm, as an alleged assault.
Anyone with information is asked to contact 101 quoting incident 913 of 15 February 2018.


OVERDUE MIXTAPE: Lil J & G2S!! Hard Squad ENT. For booking contact Big Paul (HardSquadENT) 901-413-0211 or LilJHardsquadent@gmail, Hardsquadent@gmail FOLLOW @LilJMyDude @dubfromtenn @prime_me21 @J_ConnellG2S @YungAvery GOOGLE & YOUTUBE US!!


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CPR Announces Winners of 2020 Awards for Contributions to Academia and Diversity in ADR
St. Petersburg, FL—The International Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution (CPR), a global non-profit organization that advances dispute prevention and resolution practices and solutions, announced the recipients of its 2020 Awards for contributions to academia and efforts to increase diversity in ADR. Winners will be recognized at a luncheon ceremony on Friday, February 28, 2020, at the Vinoy Renaissance in St. Petersburg, Florida, as part of CPR's Annual Meeting.
The annual Academic Awards criteria focus on processes, techniques, systems, commitment and scholarship, which address the resolution, prevention or creative management of major disputes.
The Award for Outstanding Professional Article recognizes articles published by academics and other professionals that advance understanding in the field of ADR. This year, the award will be granted to:
Nadja Alexander, for "Ten Trends in International Mediation" (31 The Singapore Academy of Law Journal 405, (2019))
The Award for Outstanding Short Article will be granted to:
Amy J. Schmitz and Colin Rule, for "Online Dispute Resolution for Smart Contracts" (Journal of Dispute Resolution (Vol. 2019, No. 2))
"I am incredibly impressed by the quality and relevance of the submissions received in conjunctions with this academic awards program," said Allen Waxman, CPR CEO & President. "We congratulate the winners and look forward to another inspiring and thought-provoking year of thought leadership from our awards participants, who exemplify the potential and purpose of ADR."
James F. Henry Award – Beginning in 2002, outstanding achievement by individuals for distinguished, sustained contributions to the field of ADR. Candidates for the James F. Henry Award are evaluated for leadership, innovation and sustaining commitment to the field.
This year, Thomas J. Sabatino, Jr., Chairman of the CPR Institute Board of Directors, will be presenting the James F. Henry Award to Deborah Masucci. Throughout her decades-long career, Deborah has personified excellence in the field of ADR, sharing her passion, experience and insights on ADR with the community and well beyond.
CPR 2020 Outstanding Contribution to Diversity Award – In 2007, the National Task Force on Diversity in ADR created an Award for Outstanding Contribution to Diversity in ADR to recognize a person or organization who has contributed significantly to diversity in the alternative dispute resolution field. Submissions are reviewed by a panel consisting of past winners, along with CPR's Co-Chairs of the National Task Force on Diversity and CPR's President.
The recipient of last year's Diversity Award, Timothy K. Lewis of Schnader Harrison Segal & Lewis LLP, will present this year's award to Ambassador David Huebner. Also a Distinguished CPR and JAMS neutral, Huebner swiftly and materially enhanced the diversity of the board and executive committee of CIArb's North America Branch and other organizations, in terms of women, younger attorneys, people of color and those who identify as LGBTQ, for whom he also serves as a mentor.
About CPR
Established in 1977, CPR is an independent nonprofit organization that helps prevent and resolve legal conflict more effectively and efficiently.
The CPR Institute drives a global prevention and dispute resolution culture through the thought leadership of its diverse membership of top companies, law firms, academics, and leading mediators and arbitrators around the world. The Institute convenes best practice and industry-oriented committees and hosts global and regional meetings to share practices and develop innovative tools and resources. The Institute trains on dispute prevention and resolution, publishes a monthly journal on related topics, and advocates for supporting and expanding the capacity for dispute prevention and resolution globally.
CPR Dispute Resolution harnesses the thought leadership and output of the Institute to provide ADR services – mediation, arbitration, early neutral evaluation, dispute resolution boards and others – through innovative and practical rules and procedures and through CPR's Panel of Distinguished Neutrals.
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Message from a fellow cyclist
13th March 2014 Claire Uncategorised
Why do we campaign for cycling and a safe quality infrastructure?
Above all, there is huge sense of unfairness faced by the small minority of people who cycle as a means of transport, to go from A to B, everyday or regularly. The people we call the brave ones, because, despite the hostile conditions on the roads, they do it.
As most minorities, we are not cared for, abused and blamed in many ways.
Do people have choices when it comes to transport? Is cycling a genuine option when the provision in our cities is so poor and unsafe?
Last week, I got an email from a fellow cycle commuter and as usual, my heart sank because let's face it, it's rarely good news. Here is the transcript, and a vivid reminder that, more than ever, campaigning for better and safer cycling infrastructure is the right thing to do.
Morning folks,
Just to let you know I got knocked off my bike while on the school run Friday afternoon in Gosforth. I was crossing a mini roundabout a white van driver failed to give way and I collided with him head on. I ended up under his bumper with me attached to my SPDs. Cuts and bruises to my right side, inner thigh, back & elbow. Lucky we were both going quite slowly or it could have been a lot worse.
The driver admitted that it was his fault and said he just didn't see me. He apologised and said he would have stopped sooner but his foot slipped off the brake.
I contacted the Police and they took a statement but said as far as they were concerned it was just an accident and no crime has been committed. Unlikely to prove 'dangerous driving' which was disappointing as it seems cyclists have no rights even compared to say pedestrians. Other thing that was disappointing was that despite lying pole axed in the road nobody bothered to get out of their cars (which were backed up in the rush hour) to see if I was okay.
Anyway, just to let you know that I'm giving up commuting to work and will only be cycling recreationally as the roads in Newcastle are too dangerous. That's the second time I've been knocked off and had many lucky escapes with people opening cars doors in cycling lanes etc. I will review the situation once the new cycle route is instated late this year.
I've also stopped my son cycling to Gosforth East Middle School. He was bitterly disappointed as they have a cycling challenge organised by Sustrans this week. I must admit it will be a wrench as at this time of year it's great to get a bit of fresh air and exercise rather than sitting idle on a stuffy bus. But hey you pay's your money and takes your chance.
CampaignCyclesafeGosforthNewsroad fairnessTransportyoureport2014
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Elemiah's Atlantic Adventure
Rosemary and Ian's first Atlantic crossing
Our adventure starts here
The Name: Elemiah
What is a ketch?
Wood/Epoxy
Something legal
Living on board
Pre-refit
Post-refit
Before we bought Elemiah we realised that in order to bring her into Europe we would have to comply with the requirements of the Recreational Craft Directive. The RCD (not to be confused with a residual current device of which we also have one and which is also required to meet the standards of the RCD) sets out the standards with which a yacht must comply in order to be imported into the European Union.
Even though Elemiah's design stems from the 1930s, she has to comply. This has led to some anomalies, for example, the US and Canadian regulations on having a gas supply in a boat requires the gas pipe to run directly from the gas bottle to the stove with the only gas tap being at the bottle. Under European regulations, there is a requirement that there must be a gas tap between the bottle and the stove. So Elemiah was legal in Canada, but now that John and the team at Covey Island have made her compliant with EU regulations, technically we are illegal until we get to Europe!
Another example is that when we bought her, Elemiah possessed a perfectly good British engine, a Perkins. There are hundreds of these engines chugging round Europe. However, the regulations have now changed so that new boats and imports must comply with the latest green technology. So we have had to put in a new engine.
We have been helped with obtaining an EU compliance certificate by Mike Vollmer, a Canadian marine surveyor who is also qualified in Belgium. Mike and the IMCI, the official Belgian body that issues compliance certificates, were a lot more helpful than the Royal Yachting Association which is the UK's equivalent to the IMCI. He and John from Covey Island made the obtaining of the compliance certificate a smooth process – well at least for us.
graeme@vsh.security on Ready for the off
Tintagel on Ready for the off
Emma Menzies on The Name: Elemiah
Eileen on Thanks
Support our charities
© 2023 Elemiah's Atlantic Adventure


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Oh What a Night!
Logs » 2013 Logs » Oh What a Night!
Eastern Weyr - Jungle Path
Along this jungle path are the darkest of the residences tucked into the jungle of Eastern Weyr. Here quiet reigns, broken only by the song of birds and the occasional rustle from some small animal scurrying about the trees and undergrowth. Tucked away from the coast and protected from the worst of storms by a small rise, a multitude of huts are found along this twisting pathway that leads through the forest. A gently sloping pathway leads onto the top of the rise, which has been set up as a park with picnic benches and a cleared play area for the children. It continues on down the other side, meandering towards the ocean until it ends at an outcropping of rock that leaks steam from myriad cracks.
Were it not for the bright lanterns strung along the path, it would be far too easy to get lost in the jungle. The huts are cheery pinpoints of light in the gloom, and old-fashioned glows are scattered like stars all along the path leading to the top of the little hill. The cooler weather of winter has finally arrived on Eastern Weyr. Plants and animals resting and relaxing from their high production seasons and surviving through the late autumn early winter storms.
The cold northwest wind howls, blowing about the island in savage gusts. The sky is clear deep blue and the stars glitter, brilliant as diamonds. Weather has no bearing on the life of a Starcrafter, and Zahl has found her way out of her hut (for once) and on to the large open space front patio outside of her door. Sure, claiming a part of the jungle path means many passerby's may wander through, so despite her less than sociable mannerisms, she's got the area set up quite nicely. A few baskets of glows are set dimly handing from posts with hooks, and a various assortment of chairs acquired since moving to Eastern are huddled around a central fire pit. No two chairs are alike, some diner style, stiff and upright, some loungers with bucket seats, a long bench, a large stump etc. Zahl has only a smoldering fire in the pit, hot coals glowing like molten lava. She's got her far viewer out, lounging in a bucketseat style chair with a mug of rum punch in her hand, looking up at the brilliant display of stars and planets above.ure, claiming a part of the jungle path means many passerby's may wander through, so despite her less than sociable mannerisms, she's got the area set up quite nicely. A few baskets of glows are set dimly handing from posts with hooks, and a various assortment of chairs acquired since moving to Eastern are huddled around a central fire pit. No two chairs are alike, some diner style, stiff and upright, some loungers with bucket seats, a long bench, a large stump etc. Zahl has only a smoldering fire in the pit, hot coals glowing like molten lava. She's got her far viewer out, lounging in a bucketseat style chair with a mug of rum punch in her hand, looking up at the brilliant display of stars and planets above.
Najara is out tonight as well, despite that wind. She's got a shawl wrapped around her, wandering the jungle paths with a thoughtful look, and she pauses as she draws near someplace with seats and a fire's glow, looking for people and then waving to Zahleizjah once she notices her.
Gerazal is out as well and he's got a thick jacket that he made himself. He looks very warm and snug as he looks around. He spots Zahleizjah and Najara and gives them both waves, "Hello two you both how are you both doing?" He asks as he walks along the path towards them. He spots the farviewer, "Anything going on with the stars tonight? Any shooting stars?" He asks curiously as he moves closer towards the fire, "Doesn't the glow of the fire get in the way?"
Najara smiles to Zahleizjah, stepping closer to her. "It's… well, I suppose it's not the nicest of nights, but it's not a bad one, all things considered." It's apparently a popular thought, and she laughs a little as she waves to Gerazal and the unknown arrival. She looks back to Zahleizjah, and smiles. "Need some help bringing out glasses?"
(OOC Note: A few poses seem to have been misplaced)
Gerazal smiles as he sees Tequoia as well and he waves to her, "Hey Tequoia how are you? I haven't seen you in a while I hope everything is going all right. I'm doing good." He says in response to Zahl's question and he ohs as he moves closer to look at the farviewer as he's not seen one up close before. He smiles at Najara, "I haven't seen you in a while either, what have you been up to?"
Tequoia grins at Zahleizjah "Thank you, I appreciate that." she states with a murmur and then there's a nod to Gerazal and she bites her lower lip a little and looks almost nervous. "I'm good." she murmurs "Everythings good. Really good actually, I guess. I've been on leave and well." she then trails off as he goes to look at the farviewer, which is just as well. She does come in closer to the group and sighs at the warmth of the fire. She'd been walking for awhile "The punch is just juice, yes?" she asks after a moment.
Zahleizjah chuckles and nods "Not the worst either I could say.." Fortunately her duties and storms don't usually run hand in hand, but the wind is definitely biting at exposed skin. "That'd be great Naj.. I've got a few blankets too.." The pair will scurry in quickly to grab rum punches for those who'd like to imbibe and a few blankets to go around as well. The goodies are passed out or set down where appropriate and she'll sidle up next to Gerazal at the viewer. "Ever used one of these before?" seems like he hasn't so she gives a little guidance if he seems willing to accept. "Just close one eye, look through here with the other and let me know when it's clear." She'll toggle the focus until he says stop "It's set on the half moons.. but if you move to the left you'll see the Southern Cross.." A smile is shot back to Teq, catching her question somewhere in the shuffle of inside to out, she grabs a glass just for her. "This one is.. just juice that is.. the others have rum though if you care for any." A hand is extended with juice passing "M'names Zahleizjah.. but y'can call me Lei.."
Najara laughs a little to Gerazal. "Oh, well. I suppose it has been a bit. I've been at Xanadu a lot lately, spending time with C'yr and Anaya." She smiles, then slips in with Zahleizjah to gather the drinks and blankets for a nice little star-watching party. She keeps a drink for herself, taking a sip of it and then looking up at the stars… though she doesn't both with a farviewer, just waiting until Gerazal's in between views before asking, "What about you?"
Gerazal smiles brightly as he looks over his shoulder at Tequoia, "That's good to hear. You were on leave? Did you go anywhere exciting? I've been stuck in the weaver complex working on my journeyman's project as well as my studies. The clothing is really coming along." He smiles as he leans down and he follows Zahl's instructions, "Oh no looking at the moon is good enough for me I don't want to mess up your observations." He looks down and he oohs softly as he gives a good view at one of the moon. "It looks very lovely." He straightens up, "I'll have just one glass of the rum one. Apprentices are allowed that." He moves off to let others view.
Blankets are wonderful things. Tequoia greatfully takes one, along with the glass "Thank you, but no rum for me." she states with a grin. "I've never help my liquor real well." she nods a little to Gerazal "Well, it was exciting, but it was just nearby." she notes quietly and gets an almost sad or maybe wistful look in her eye. Course, that may have just been the firelight. Still, with glass in hand, she pockets whatever item it was she was holding. It really didn't look like much. Maybe a rock or something. "I'm glad that the clothing is going well. Are you going to have a show?"
For all that R'en is a healer, and pleasant to be around in the infirmary - he's a bit of a hermit when it comes to day to day life. He tends to wander off alone rather than towards groups. However, today he walks down the jungle path with a satchel over a shoulder and a bottle in his hand. Pausing as he sees a group of people, he tries to figure out if he should turn the other way or continue on forward. Soldiering on, he keeps heading forward and offering a light, "Evening.." To those that're gathered. "Something going on that I didn't know about?"
Zahleizjah's unique gaze settled on Najara "Anaya.." she repeats "Beautiful name.. and please accept my congratulations dear." There's a bit of blushing, though it is quite possible only Najara would know why. A warm beaming flash of pearly whites shoots towards Gerazal "Your journeyman project! How exciting.. that is wonderful." She won't mention blowing up half of hers recently, shrugging one shoulder as Gerazal is content with just the moons "Suit yourself.. they are quite a lovely site.. wouldn't be surprised if a few meteors pass tonight. Should be viewable and in plain site for all.." The wind tears through the jungle path again and Zahl settles back in to her spot, snuggling in a blanket and grabbing her mug o'rum punch as she does. A thoughtful nod is sent towards Tequoia "It's definitely not for everyone.." glass is raised her direction. The crackling fire has not even a flame to it, just an ember glow with a few people gathered around it in various styles of chairs. The newest arrival receives a tip of head and drink "Evenin'" she says more confidant than usual "Just a lil stargazing if y'care t'have a seat.."
Najara blushes a little, and nods to Zahleizjah. "Thank you," she says, then smiles as she listens to Gerazal, taking a sip of her drink and then looking up to R'en, waving to him. "It seems like we have have something going on whether we plan to or not," she says with a little laugh.
Gerazal smiles as he gets a drink and he eats some food first before he takes a sip, "Well I'm glad you enjoyed it. Everyone should have leave now and then." He ohs, "Maybe if there is one for me to participate when I finish with the clothing." He looks towards Najara and he gives her a smile, "Congratulations Najara." He takes a long drink of the rum punch and he nods to R'en as he comes waves to him, "Hello there, "Just an impromptu gathering I think. Lei has her farviewer out and is letting us have looks." He smiles at Lei, "I'll take a look at it on my next turn. Others should get a chance to see it too." He finds a spot to sit and he reaches for a little more food.
Tequoia raises her glass back in response. She's happy enough with her juice. She grins as she spots R'en and waves at him, seeming pleased and yet surprised he hasn't retreated. "Come join us." she nods in response to Najara's response "Yeah, just an impromptu gathering and I guess stargazing." she notes and then shakes her head a little at Gerazal "Nah, you should host it, get people to model the outfits." she notes and takes a sip of her juice. She's found a spot herself to sit down in. Close to the fire, but a little offset from people.
Another is wandering in on this little scene it would seem. T'revs just got off some time a go from sweeps and thus is making his way down through the paths with a half yawn escaping him. His not tired, nope, alright perhaps a short bit. Still he knew a certain Starcrafter would be out thisaway, mostly thanks to a certain bronze that was keeping some tab on Zahle. A curious look is sent to the ones here, along with a slight nod and warm smile seen. "Evening." Is soon heard as his gaze drifts over the ones here to see whom all has showed up it would seem. Though in all honesty he catches sight of Zahle and sends her a wink. "Found a fallen star." He said with an amused tone while moving on towards where she happens to be.
R'en purses his lips as the crowd seems to be growing even still, though he does offer a quick smile and a shrug of his shoulders. "I'd really like to, but.." He pauses, trying to think of an excuse before adding, "I have something I need to do." Yep, vague as ever and he doesn't appear like he's willing to stop for much more than a brief greeting. The bottle he brought with him gets tucked into his satchel before he lifts a hand. "Enjoy your night." He offers, and seeks to worm his way through the gathering to the other side towards deeper into the jungle.
Zahleizjah's cinder illuminated smile travels from Najara who receives a 'you're welcome' nod and a chuckle in reference to the gathering, then to Gerazal to whom she states "That is very thoughtful of you.. just lemme know and I can adjust it after." She offers about spotting a few other sights in the night sky. The wind has died down for now, and for those who are looking up a streak of light rips through the midnight backdrop. Long tail and flaming lead, a brilliant shooting star is a sight to behold. "Ooo.. look!" she points. "Lucky us.. glad y'all wandered out.. despite the wind it's a rather lovely night for an impromptu patio party." Another nod has her agreeing "Here here, no fun unless y'get t'see em modeled right?" That'd be like making far viewers and never looking at the stars. Trev's arrival has her jumping out of her seat the moment his voice is heard. "T'revs! Finally!" She'll trot over, place a big kiss on his cheek and pull him to the set nearest hers. "You're the sweetest.." She says, looking towards R'en and frowning a bit as he departs as suddenly as he arrived. "Not even for rum punch and shooting stars I suppose.."
Najara smiles, listening to the others. "It is a rather nice night," she says, then waves to R'en as he he departs. She has another sip of her drink, then smiles to Gerazal and nods. "It's been a while since I've had a chance to do anything properly with clothing. But everyone likes to look nice, don't they?"
Gerazal hmms, "Maybe, but I'm just doing clothing for a family, father, mother, sister, brother, a big show isn't really needed. Maybe it could be part of a bigger show if there is one coming up I'll have to check. I just want to demonstrate my skills as a tailor and designer I don't need a big show. I want to make clothing that will be good for every day use, nice durable clothing so that it feels like you are wearing your gather best even when you are not." He looks up as he sees the streak of light race across sky and he grins, "Quite a sight we got lucky." He turns back to Najara, "Well if you'd like my help you have it, just let me know."
Tequoia watches as R'en heads off and purses her lips. "Somedays I think he lives only for the infirmary." she murmurs and then shakes her head a little before turning back to the group "Well, tis your project" she notes and shrugs a little as she looks up at the sky in time to watch the streak across the sky. "Ooo, beautiful." she murmurs "Somedays I think that this would be something to do all the time. But then I remember I get antsy when I sit for too long." she admits with a laugh.
"Sorry for keeping you waiting had a few things to finish up with." T'revs offers with a warm smile to Zahle while he goes about hugging her back, along with a kiss back to her cheek. Well they are around people after all, no reason to get all smoochie. "So what did I miss with the sky show?" This questioned to Zahle while he sends a curious glance after R'en and ponders before looking to see whom else is showed up for the show.
Zahleizjah's honeyed gaze settles on Najara for a moment, nodding in agreement and stating "One in the bun will do that to ya.." without thinking it through before she blurts. Darkness will hide her blushing, and the conversation about Gerazal's list of family members is sure to steer the conversation away from her comment quickly. "Wow Gerazal.. maybe I could commission you for a new outfit some day? Talented and humble are good qualities.." she notes about the way he speaks of his craft. She'll catch that bit about R'en, empathizing with it in a way not many would understand, but for her, it is the night. What Tequoia says next tickles her fancy and she offers "You're welcome t'come out with me any time.. it's not all sitting.. promise." That offer will stand for everyone. "Pern's outer space is truly magnificent. As is Pern.. spent a little time at Yokohama once. Truly spectacular perspective.." As for T'revs, she'll stay close, but not uncomfortably so for him or anyone else around, smiling and reaching to interlace fingers. "We were just looking at the moons.. had one passing meteor thus far.. kinda mellow night in reference t'showers as the Perseids are way past by now.."
Najara smiles a little for Zahleizjah's comment, then has a sip of her punch. She listens to Gerazal, and nods. "Perhaps I will, it's nice to spend some time looking and feeling good." A little laugh, and then she waves to T'revs as he looks around. "Nothing wrong with a bit of quiet… though I suppose I should likely be getting toward my sleep before long…"
Gerazal smiles at Tequoia, "Thank you for thinking that my work could be in a show though. I will do my best to live up to that." He looks to Zahleizjah, "I'd be happy to, but if you do need clothing there are plenty of journeyman weaves who make great clothing too. I've just recently been allowed to do work that is worthy of having a journeyman review it and ptu their mark of approval on it." He looks towards Najara, "Would you like an escort back?"
Tequoia tilts her head a bit "Well I just might take you on that Lei." Teq remarks "Once I find time after getting caught up with wing stuff after being gone." she remarks. She rolls her eyes a little at Gerazal "You've got to aim high. You shouldn't ever settle for mediocre." she states. Course, this is a familiar argument for Teq.
T'revs has little problem showing affection out in public, so thus he stays close to Zahle, one arm curled around her as his hand from that arm rests within her hand, his fingers twining with hers and giving a little squeeze. The comment from Zahle makes him look at her curiously a touch and he smirks but don't comment on buns in ovens at the moment. "The Yokohama is a rather great place to be around, or well on. I got to help a few turns ago fix a few things that needed to be worked on." That was a few turns before he impressed a dragon. He glances over to Najara and offers her a smile back. He glances back to Zahle a moment more. "Well that's alright, I'm sure interesting things could be found by just watching the moons." There is a pause while he ponders. At least that is how he thinks on it.
Zahleizjah is glad she didn't irk Najara with her statement, standing as she mentions the S word. "Shall I send Virikas to follow you home dear?" is offered, though she'll gladly leave space for her to take Gerazal up on the offer. Virikas is a feisty one and will gladly peck out th eyes of anyone who messes with anyone under her watch. An encouraging smile is sent towards Gerazal and she shrugs "I'unno I mean.. when it come from someone y'know it always seems t'have more meaning and a better look y'know.." Catching sight to Teq's head tilt there's a smirk shot back "Please do.. we can climb trees, stand on cliff faces, paddle out to the Emerald Isles.. commission a rider..whatever adventure y'wish." See, it's not all just sitting and staring. A brow raises towards T'revs, learning something new about her gent. "You did? How wonderful.. maybe we can go back there some day.. the moons are glorious, but nothing like being in space.." She doesn't mean to downplay Belior and Timor's beauty, it's just the first thing most Starcrafters stare at and something they will continue to stare at throughout their studies.
Najara smiles to Gerazal. "Oh, if you want, but I expect I shan't be that good of company on the walk back. Fall asleep before I get there, more like." She laughs a little, and waves to the others, smiling to Zahleizjah. "Oh, I'm sure Riel would come meet me if I need a lizard, don't you worry. I'll be fine." With that, she heads off toward her cottage and - presumably - bed, though she'll take Gerazal's company if he's inclined.
Gerazal smiles at Najara, "I'd be happy to walk you home." He looks towards the others, "Thank you for letting me use your farviewer Zahleizjah and for the drinks and food. I had a great time. I hope we can do it again." He moves off with Najara and he offers his arm to escort her home.
Tequoia grins at T'revs "The Yoko is pretty nifty, though have you ever had a chance to go up on the Deluge? Now there's something to see." she notes and then there's a funny look on her face. "I think I'd better get back to Ylvath." she murmurs as she removes the blanket and folds it and sets it down. Along with the glass. "She shouldn't be, not at this time of night." she murmurs and then she's quickly heading off down the path, muttering under her breath.
T'revs glances to the ones leaving and nods to them. "I do hope you all have a good night." This offered with a friendly tone and soft smile before looking to Tequoia and chuckles. "Yeah it was fun while I was there. The Deluge?" There is a ponder for a moment. "No, don't think so actually." He glances to Zahle and offers her a smile. "It was just a few days, I mostly got to hold a screwdriver and look all important." This said while he grins a moment at the thought. "Of course, I think that would be a great thing to do some time."
Together they gather the remaining items and head in to Zahl's hut to sleep beneath the stars.
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Home>>Airlines>>North American Airlines>>American Airlines>>Analysis: American launches Bangalore – Seattle and Alaska joins OneWorld
Analysis: American launches Bangalore – Seattle and Alaska joins OneWorld
Vinay Bhaskara February 17, 2020	American Airlines, Bangalore-Kempegowda International, Routes & Launches 1 Comment
American Airlines announced new nonstop service from Seattle to Bengaluru as part of a broader move to turn Seattle into an international gateway. American will also deepen its relationship with US regional carrier Alaska Airlines (the largest airline in Seattle by passengers carried) with a widespread codeshare agreement and the addition of Alaska to the OneWorld global airline alliance. The new route becomes the first nonstop service from the United States to Bengaluru, India's third busiest airport and fastest-growing hub. The route from Seattle to Bengaluru will launch in October 2020 (schedules are not yet known), and American will also launch nonstop service from Seattle to London Heathrow in March 2021 in conjunction with joint venture partner British Airways.
While this deal will have wide-ranging impacts on the US domestic market, the Indian angle is incredibly fascinating on its own. This move from American will have a substantial impact on the India operations for its main US rivals United and Delta. United has the longest and most consistent track record of serving India (dating back to Continental Airlines' nonstop flights from Newark to Mumbai and Delhi), while Delta re-entered the US-India market in December 2019 with a nonstop flight from New York JFK to Mumbai.
American punches back at Delta (partly) over LATAM
The biggest loser in this deal is Delta, who operates a hub and transpacific gateway in Seattle with nonstop service to Beijing, Seoul, Shanghai, Tokyo Haneda, and Osaka-Kansai. Delta began to build up a hub in Seattle in 2014 (after years of codesharing and partnering with Alaska) and its competition with Alaska has heated up over that period. Today Delta is only about 40% the size of Alaska in Seattle as is blocked from further growth due to the lack of gates.
The one advantage Delta had over Alaska was the international service it offered, which allowed the carrier to win corporate contracts in Seattle. With this move, Alaska is able to push back by allowing Seattle-based passengers access to American's global network and that of the OneWorld alliance more broadly. This shifts the balance of power in Seattle back in favour of Alaska.
This move by American in Seattle is almost an exact inversion of Delta's move into American's hub in Miami via the acquisition of a 20% stake in former American partner LATAM (whose primary international destination is Miami). Delta added some point to point domestic routes in Miami to feed its new partner LATAM (Orlando and Tampa) and American has now added international point to point routes in Seattle in response.
The timing of American's entry will also have some impact on Delta's new Indian route. Delta re-launched JFK-Mumbai this December, after exiting the market more than a decade prior. While the success of that route is mostly about origin and destination (O&D) traffic from the New York/New Jersey area, Seattle was going to be an important feed market (and some of that traffic will now opt for American's nonstop). And if the route is a runaway success for American, Delta might try to work with its JV partner Korean Air to launch Seoul-Bengaluru at some point down the line.
The success of this route will depend on capturing one-stop flow from the Bay Area
At first glance, the choice of Seattle as the origin for nonstop service to Bengaluru is odd. Brett Snyder over at the Cranky Flier pulled the numbers and Seattle is only the eighth largest US-Bengaluru O&D market with a 4.3% share of US-originating passengers. The San Francisco Bay Area stands first at 17.7%, New York City ranks second at 13%, Chicago is at 7%, Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex 6.3%, and Boston, LA, and Washington DC all have a tick under 5%. So Seattle is far from the biggest O&D market in terms of volume.
Seattle does have two things going for it. The first is that it is a bona fide tech hub in its own right (Amazon and Microsoft are both headquartered in the region). Thus while it may not have as much volume, it will likely have a substantial volume of premium cabin O&D demand, which is a key driver of profitability. Second, Seattle has a great location for connecting traffic. Flying from San Francisco to Bengaluru via Seattle is only 50 miles longer than flying nonstop on the polar routing, and Alaska effectively offers an hourly shuttle from San Francisco to Seattle (14 flights per day in peak summer months).
The other underrated factor in connectivity has to do with the geographic dispersion of the Indian-American population in the Bay Area. While the workplaces of these individuals is centred more on San Francisco (the city) and the peninsula to the south, the residences of the Bay Area's Desi population is actually more centred on San Jose and the lower half of the East Bay (Fremont). So for many Indian-Americans, flying from San Jose or Oakland is more convenient and Alaska offers nine flights per day on San Jose-Seattle and four per day on Oakland-Seattle as well. The convenience of flying from close to home may also draw in additional traffic.
United will likely add nonstop service to Bengaluru
The real question is whether this prompts United to finally launch nonstop service from the US to Bengaluru. I've been on the record for nearly a decade now that I think United will eventually add nonstop service to Bengaluru. While SFO is the biggest and most premium market, United doesn't have a plane that can fly the route consistently. It's Boeing 787-9s are configured with too many seats (18 more than those of American) and thus would likely face a load penalty when flying nonstop (the route is 300 statue miles longer than United's current San Francisco – Singapore nonstop). I wouldn't rule it out entirely, but the performance penalty might be too tough to overcome.
The more likely scenario is that United will add nonstop service from its Newark hub to Bengaluru, as NY/NJ to Bengaluru is a big market in its own right and the flight can be operated with a 787-8 or a 777-200ER. The one-stop will likely satisfy United's corporate contracts in San Francisco as well, and it remains to be seen if the US market can actually sustain two nonstop flights to Bengaluru.
Tags 787 Alaska Airline American Airlines Bangalore Bengaluru International Airport Oneworld routes Seattle slider
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It is uphill from here!!
It had finally arrived, somewhat later than expected. You see I had entered my first 10K race back in May, however, due to injury I was forced to defer my place until 2019.
Over the last few months, I had entered various 5K races, which I felt 'comfortable' with and was confident I could finish. However, I didn't feel completely challenged. Then in July after only recently joining Striders, a last minute place became available for the Willow Miner Race (something to do with a football match!!). This was my biggest challenge so far, distance and terrain! I loved it!
So on the morning of the 23rd September, I arrived ready for the Coxhoe 10K Trail race. I was feeling excited and surprisingly confident. I think the confidence was partly due from completing the Willow Miner race and also meeting some fellow runners the previous Wednesday at training. It was the first race I had worn a Striders vest and as people were milling around before the race they would pass with a "hello", a smile. It was like immediately making lots of new friends.
Registration was shockingly early for a Sunday – 8am-9am, especially as the race didn't start until 10 am. Yes we were hanging around a while and it was freezing (summer was long gone), however, we bagged parking spaces! My advice would be to get there early, park, register then wait in the warm car with a takeaway coffee till the last possible moment. It's about a 10 mins walk up to the start from the Active life centre or a nice little jog as I saw several people warming up early.
We arrived at the finish area…so early. It wasn't even finished! After helping put up the banner ready for a team photo it was time to head to the start, which meant taking off my hoody, wearing a vest with no thermal underneath! How I regretted that at the time. So with extremely cold arms and hands, we trotted off to the start line, raring to go. The buzz was electrifying. 200 other, mainly club runners, all huddling close to keep warm. With no chip timing, I was told to get closer to the front.
And we were off and straight down a stony track. At this point, there were tonnes of runners trying to get ahead. I would say this was the most nerve-wracking part. Trying to watch my footing, keeping up a decent pace and not being knocked over by a sea of runners. I would definitely say it pushed me on to run a bit quicker than I had originally planned to.
The next few km were along old railway lines, softer terrain and flat, however, this is where I struggled to get into a rhythm, partly due to a cold so struggling to breathe and maybe because of the quick start. Before long we were climbing and as I turned a corner there was the water station. I wasn't particularly thirsty, however, I was worried it would be the only one, so even though it was very early in the race, I thanked the marshal and took several gulps of water before pushing on.
As we approached some downhill, I glanced to my left and could see some runners ahead of me turning up some steep gradients, so I headed down knowing in the back of my mind what was to come! The hills started and they were fairly steep. I power walked most of them but my breathing was heavy. The poor girl I was behind must have been fed up of me heavy breathing down her neck. I remember thinking I'm only at 4km not even halfway, can I keep going for another 6km?! But then as I passed another Strider lady (I would pass her, then she would pass me and vice versa), I saw with relief, a sign for the halfway point. It was at this point that the race changed for me.
We were higher up with lovely views and I remember thinking we must be going downhill soon. It was at that moment that I found a new lease of energy. My pace picked up and I started overtaking the same people that, earlier on, I had struggled to keep up with. I didn't pay much attention to my Garmin and wasn't set on achieving any particular time, however, I had approximated before the race that I might finish around the 1hr 15 min mark due to my pace history. But as I glanced at my watch I realised I was running faster and as the km interval beeps appeared on my watch, each km average was quick! Not quick for others but for me it was fast!!
The downhill felt great, through a wooded area and leaping over a stile at the bottom. I felt like I was flying. Then on over a few roads crossing where the marshals were doing a great job at keeping us going. But then I hit the long flat railway line, which seemed to go on forever. It was at this point that I had to really mentally keep going. I was still fairly speedy (for me) but you could see it go on and on in the distance and I had now exceeded the 8km mark so I was in new distance territory.
I started trying to avoid looking ahead and instead kept aiming my sight at some objects in the near distance, using them as targets, all the while remembering about the steep stony track we had come down at the start and thinking, this is going to be the final challenge.
As I approached the last marshal at the end of the railway line I crossed onto the track and hit the stony incline. I pushed on trying to keep at a steady jog pace as well as recalling what the run leaders had said about hills during previous training sessions. And then it turned to a walk, "keep breathing and moving" I kept repeating in my head. I could see several people at the top of the hill, this pushed me to start running again as soon as I reached the summit. In reality, my body wasn't quite ready for that and I could feel my legs turning to jelly, but I kept moving determined to continue.
As I passed a few runners (they had already finished) along the track towards the woods I could hear shouts of encouragement, in particular from Rebecca Talbot who was stood in a ditch searching for conkers having already finished in a solid time.
As I struggled through the woods I could hear the noise from the finish line in the distance. I started to panic, my breathing hadn't quite recovered from that final hill. I stood still for the first time in the race took some deep breaths and then pressed on. As I turned the corner I could see the finish, Catherine Smith, Anna Seeley and Kerry Anne Barnett all smiling and shouting encouragement. I turned that final push into a sprint finish, putting my time at a very surprising and pleasing 1hr 7mins, way below what I had expected.
So, looking back it was a lovely first 10K to do, fairly low key, friendly and definitely challenging. It has definitely given me more confidence and as I head into my first Trail Outlaws race this coming Sunday I'm full of excitement and determination but also, I've decided not to worry about time as I seem to perform faster when I'm not clock watching. Time will tell. One thing I'm certain of is that I have started a love affair with trail running!


This impact evaluation was designed to assess effectiveness of the Springboard for School Readiness Project, which aims to promote preschool attendance among segregated comminutes in Bulgaria, especially Roma communities. Randomized controlled trial seeking to assess the effectiveness of an early childhood development services, combining outreach with conditional and unconditional cash transfer for parents wishing to send their children to preschool. The primary objective is to provide policy relevant information on how to most cost-effectively address preschool participation, promote quality early learning, and promote full inclusion in the broad sense for poor Roma children in Bulgaria. Since early learning and socialization provide a critical foundation for all children, the long-term follow-up envisioned under this project will also inform the policy debate on promoting cost-effective strategies for learning at the primary level and beyond.
5,712 households in 236 segregated communities in Bulgaria.