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debito.org
Dr. Debito Arudou's Home Page: Issues of Life and Human Rights in Japan
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Debito's Latest Book
Embedded Racism: Japan's Visible Minorities and Racial Discrimination
Japan Times JUST BE CAUSE Column Jun 2 2009: "The issue that dares not speak its name"
Posted on June 3, 2009 by Debito Arudou, Ph.D.
mytest
Hi Blog. Here's my latest. Enjoy! Debito in Tokyo
JUST BE CAUSE
The issue that dares not speak its name
The Japan Times: Tuesday, June 2, 2009
By ARUDOU Debito
http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20090602ad.html
A few columns ago ("Toadies, Vultures, and Zombie Debates," March 3), I discussed how foreign apologists resuscitate dead-end discussions on racial discrimination. Promoting cultural relativity for their own ends, they peddle bigoted and obsolescent ideologies now impossible to justify in their societies of birth.
This would be impossible in Japan too, if racial discrimination was illegal. And it would be nice if people who most need a law passed would unite and demand one.
But that's not why getting that law is tough. It's more because the domestic debate on racial discrimination has been dulled and avoided due to rhetorical tricks of the Japanese media and government. After all, if you can't discuss a problem properly, you can't fix it.
How it works: In Japanese, "racial discrimination" is jinshu sabetsu. That is the established term used in official translations of international treaties (such as the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, or CERD) that Japan has signed up to.
However, the Japanese media won't couch the discussion in these terms. This was visible during the nationwide debate generated by the Otaru onsen case (1999-2005), where public bathhouses refused entry to customers because they didn't "look Japanese." If you read the oodles of non-tabloid articles on this case (archived at www.debito.org/nihongotimeline.html ), you'll see the debate was conducted in milder, misleading language.
For example, it was rendered in terms of gaikokujin sabetsu (discrimination against foreigners). But that's not the same thing. The people being discriminated against were not all foreign (ahem).
Or else it was depicted as gaiken sabetsu (discrimination by physical appearance). But that's not "race," either. Nor is "physical appearance" specifically covered by the CERD.
This term particularly derails the debate. It actually generates sympathy for people afraid of how others look.
Think about it. If, say, some old fart is standoffish towards people who are tall, big, dark, scary-looking, foreign-looking, etc., oh well, shikata ga nai — it can't be helped. We Japanese are shy, remember.
Fortunately, there are limits: "Looks," sure, but few Japanese would ever admit to disliking people specifically by race, even though one is a factor of the other.
That's because racial discrimination, according to the Japanese education system, happens in other countries — like America under segregation or South Africa under apartheid. Not in Japan.
Then things get really wet: Remember, We Japanese admire certain types of foreigners, so we're obviously not prejudiced. And We Japanese have been discriminated against in the past for our race, like, for instance, those American World War II internment camps. And how about the time we got ripped off for being naive, trusting Japanese last time we ventured overseas? So it works both ways, y'see?
Welcome to the Never-Never Land of Self-Justification and Victimization. If We Japanese are doing something discriminatory, so what? Everybody else is doing it. So we'll keep on keeping on, thank you very much. There the debate dies a death of a thousand relativities.
Back to the media, which stifles more intelligent debate through its rhetoric of avoidance. They rattle on about minshuteki sabetsu (discrimination by ethnicity), even though it wasn't until last year that Japan even admitted it had any minorities.
Or else it's not portrayed as a form of discrimination at all: It's a matter of cultural misunderstandings, language barriers, microwaves and sun spots, whatever — anything but calling a spade a spade. That's why only one article out of the 100 or so on the Otaru onsen case actually deemed it — flat out, without quoting some radical-sounding activist — jinshu sabetsu. Not a misprint. One. And that was a Hokkaido Shimbun editorial at the very end of the case.
Pity it only took five years of debate for them to get it, and more pity that the media has since mostly gone back to claiming discrimination by nationality, looks, ethnicity, culture etc. all over again.
The Japanese government's fingerprints are also all over this rhetorical legerdemain. When the U.N. CERD Committee first accused Japan of not doing enough to eliminate racial discrimination back in 2000 ( www.debito.org/japanvsun.html ), double-talk was in fine form.
First, the government argued back that Japan has no ethnic minorities, and therefore anyone who was a citizen was a member of the Japanese race. Thus citizens were not covered by the CERD because any discrimination against them couldn't be by race.
Then they admitted that foreigners in Japan might indeed be victims of discrimination. But that's too bad. They're foreigners. They don't have the same rights as citizens, such as the right to vote or run for office. Even the CERD acknowledges that. Oh well. If foreigners want the same rights, they should naturalize.
Never mind those half-million or so former foreigners who have naturalized, such as this writer, who don't all fall into this neat dichotomy. Somehow they don't count.
Essentially, the government is arguing that the CERD covers nobody in Japan.
That's why domestic debate on racial discrimination is so carefully worded. If somebody gets denied something ostensibly because they're a foreigner, or foreign-looking, it's not a matter of race. It might be discrimination by nationality, or by face, or by culture, or not even discrimination at all.
Just don't dare call it jinshu sabetsu, the scourge that dares not speak its name. If we pretend it doesn't exist, you can't legislate against it.
Debito Arudou is coauthor of the "Handbook for Newcomers, Migrants, and Immigrants." Just Be Cause appears on the first Community Page of the month. Send comments tocommunity@japantimes.co.jp
Articles & Publications, Bad Social Science, Human Rights, Japanese Government, Media, Otaru Onsen Lawsuit
35 comments on "Japan Times JUST BE CAUSE Column Jun 2 2009: "The issue that dares not speak its name""
Shinrin says:
I read the printed version on the train and I was waiting for your posting, friend !
Let us dream with an ideal scenario ?
The Japan Times is one of the oldest Japanese newspapers and if was possible to have a Japanese language edition with a groundbreaking approach the NJ community would find a voice which the Japanese speaking community would, eventually, listen to.
I think that most of the monolingual Japanese do not have a clue about all these issues. As a matter of fact the majority do not understand at all what is "jinshu sabetsu".
Recently, in a debate with a bilingual Japanese where we got to the point about "me" as a foreigner, and not understanding the "Japanese culture", I decided to ask him the folowing question:
– What are the main ideas of Yukichi Fukuzawa (Obviously he knew the guy, because he handles a couple of 10.000 Yen notes on a weekly basis) and what`s the relevance of his thoughts to Japan today ?
This fellow had no idea and he started to praise me…What for ? Praise me for his ignorance about Japanese cultural heritage ?
Do you see the problem, don`t you ?
Maybe a "Manga" explaining "jinshu sabetsu" to the people would make more sense, when we consider the Japanese "Pictographic Culture" (Nothing against it…It is actually cool, I think) which has some difficulties reasoning in a more linear way.
Maybe your "Japanese Only" book should come up in a "Manga" version to begin with, Debito !
Even "Kanikosen" from Takiji Kobayashi got one these days in spite of the sucess of the original book.
La Lucha Continua – The Struggle Continues !
Fred Bitt says:
I don't mean to sound too pessimistic or too optimistic, but this isn't a problem related only to Japanese racial discrimination debates. Lots of really important discussions and social problems in Brazil get distorted and disfigured by newspapers and politicians who have their own agenda and not enough ethics.
— I see. But that doesn't excuse it happening in Japan. And the press in English (particularly the Japan Times) was not shy about calling the situation racism, flat out. Having a united media and GOJ front on this is something worth columning about. I don't want the debate death of a thousand relativities to happen here either, thanks.
Kimpatsu says:
@Fred:
Two wrongs don't make a right. Yes, there is racism in other countries, but note that in the West, such discrimination is illegal. In Japan, it is not. This makes Japan morally and ethically [deficient]. All else is smoke and mirrors.
"Never mind those half-million or so foreigners that nave naturalized…"
Well, that's the point, isn't it?
Government is based on people getting elected. Getting elected is based on people voting for you. Getting people to vote for you is based on appealing to their interests, concers, fears and hopes.
The reality is, there's about 130, 000 million people in Japan, and about 2,000,000 million foreigners. Less than one percent.
Politicians, the government, the media, whoever, are not going to focus their attention on issues that affect less than one percent of the population.
I think you're right to continually bring these issues to light, as the mainstream media ignores them, but to constantly berate the Japanese government for ignoring an issue that will have little, if any, effect on how people vote for them into office may not be futile, but it does seem a bit unrealistic. The government and the media focus on issues that will bring them power and bring them money. When one percent of the population is concerned, neither power nor money are apt to flow from such a source. This isn't right, but it's real, and to expect the media and the government to quickly change the course of their attention in a notoriously rigid country is somewhat wishful thinking.
"The Japanese government's fingerprints are also all over this rhetorical legerdemain. When the U.N. CERD Committee first accused Japan of not doing enough to eliminate racial discrimination back in 2000 ( http://www.debito.org/japanvsun.html ), double-talk was in fine form."
Let me see if I understand you correctly, Debito. You have just argued in the Japan Times that there is a (willful and perhaps secret — it isn't clear) government-media conspiracy, based on your own personal review of apparently all Japanese-language newspapers from an undisclosed time period and sample, that is designed to hurt your political agenda by deliberately "avoiding" in concert your personally preferred rhetoric needed to get the law you want somehow passed. OK. If you say so.
Keep 'em coming, Debito. Your writing is certainly never dull.
john k says:
"..If we pretend it doesn't exist,.."
That is the problem here in Japan. If "the powers that be" or anyone for that matter, does not want to address 'something' they selectively ignore it. Then it becomes de rigeur to not mention it and behold, it is no longer spoken about, for fear of the etiquette police dragging you away in the middle of the night for speaking the "officially" unspeakable!
Until the dynastic GOJ is removed in all its forms, it shall continue in this vein, so long as the course of action keeps them in power and the masses obsequious to the point of mentally numb!
It's interesting that you still refer to the Otaru onsen case. Hasn't any big racist happen since then? Maybe racial discrimination isn't a big issue in Japan? Gaikokujin sabetsu, discrimination against foreigners, is definitely a bigger issue. But it's not the foreigners that come from rich countries; it's the people who come from China and Brazil.
The words racism, racist, and racial discrimination make people think of certain things. What I think of is hatred, segregation, poverty, hate crimes, unfair trials, etc. What racial discrimination that happening is nothing compared to what is happening in the USA (and other counties)–past and present–even after it became illegal. Yes, you say that doesn't mean it's OK–you're right! But it became illegal in those counties because it was out of control. In Japan, is it getting worse as more and more foreigners come to Japan, or are Japanese becoming more accepting and open-minded? Since you're still referring a 10-year-old case…
Jcek says:
The sad thing is a large fraction of foreigners in Japan cannot reach a consensus on this issue. People are being treated vastly differently when they come to Japan from a foreign country, sometimes its positive, but most of it negative. Especially those who attempt to "stay" in Japan a few years. People that refer to themselves as a "guest" even though they hold residence, work, and pay taxes is a shame. I still think people should adapt to their situation but they don't have toapologize for being who they are, which I always seem to find other people expecting from me. I am adamant however, that the foreign residents of Japan can make a change for the better despite the huge hurdles. Everyone can start by volunteering in their free time, and educate themselves in the local language.
It was a great article, and it was long overdue. Korea has already put into law an anti-discrimination law. So I wonder why its taking the GOJ so long to get with the program. But the first baby step is for them to admit that there needs to be a law, frankly speaking I wouldnt hold my breath.
Mark Hunter says:
Debito, congratulations! This is your best article yet. A spade has been called a spade. Pete, Japan will never be on a footing with many other countries until racial discrimination is illegal. That's all anyone wants, no political agenda, no conspiracy theories, just a reasonable law. Debito is bang on. Many Japanese journalists also admit that there is unofficial / self-censorship in the Japanese media, so it is no stretch at all to think that this uncomfortable topic might be self-censored, too. Even after the new law is passed, things won't be perfect, as is the case in countries with anti-discrimination laws, but at least those countries have a starting point. Japan does not have that starting point because the issue goes directly to the heart of what it means to be Japanese, at least it does for the Ministry types and old politicians that actually run the country. When one's identity is challenged, which a new law would, people start to feel really, really, uncomfortable. It means examining the very core and fiber of one's being and status as a member of a particular ethnic group. It would be ignorant in the extreme to think that at least some part of Japaneseness is not constructed on the notion of superiority, as it is in many cultures, and that the power elites don't milk that identity to maintain power (LDP). Well done Debito!
I will have to disagree with you on this one, Debito. I don't believe in races. Too much political correctness, yes, but I would prefer "ethnic" over "racial".
I know races still exist as a social concept, and that would be a valid reason to file against racial discrimination (since it is appliable in everyday life). Then again, much political correctness, but I think they should just make punitive measures of ethnic discrimination be the same as that of racial discrimination (if there is any difference — I'm ignorant on this matter).
— Those are the definitions and the terms, agreed to under international treaty. Sorry.
Racism exists in Japan. It is a problem. Anyone who chooses to argue around the point it just simply trying to not see the true reality.
"Pete, Japan will never be on a footing with many other countries until racial discrimination is illegal. That's all anyone wants, no political agenda, no conspiracy theories, just a reasonable law."
Mark —
If you don't want to be associated with conspiracy theories, then don't enable them. It's that simple.
I don't expect you to agree with me when I say to you that I was not discriminated against racially or otherwise in all my happy years living in Japan (that was my personal experience and potentially different from yours), but I *do* expect you to agree with me when I say that you should have a healthy skepticism of anyone making sweepingly vague claims about the entire Japanese media industry, government officials, and "the powers that be" based on logical fallacies. Debito has taken the simple fact that Japan does not have an anti-discrimination law (one that he wants at least — it's never clear what he actually wants) and combined it with the second "fact" (and I'm being generous it's even a fact given Debito's unclear methodology and sample) to arrive at an implausible argument about evil media-government "motives." It's called post hoc ergo prompter hoc (after this, therefore because of this). There is no law, therefore the media and government are deliberately "stifling" debate in order to prevent awareness. "Awareness", of course, implies the media knows what is right and wrong based on Debito's normative handbook. How would anyone know what all Japanese officials and journalists are thinking? Is there anyone arrogant enough to say they know what most Japanese journalists and officials are "thinking"?
A little humility in the article would have gone a long way towards building credibility.
Were these types of logical fallacies used to make sweeping conclusions about the motives of foreigners in Japan, I guarantee that all of you (Debito especially) would have been offended.
Unfortunately, what I read increasingly on this website are bizarre conspiracy theories, bold claims, and weak analogies drawn from other countries. It's entertaining to read (don't get me wrong), but it's not the kind of respectable literature that one reads because it's informative, well-researched and logical.
— Methinks this writer hasn't done enough research on Japan's Press Club media cartels, and how they control the flow of information to the public (and I guess a sample size of a hundred or so articles on an issue isn't big enough to draw conclusions from). And has never quite understood the difference between criticizing a government (fair game) and an entire ethnicity (discriminatory)… Ah well. A little humility on my part would somehow fix everything, I guess.
Anonymous….isn't discrimination based on ethnicity included in most countries' anti-discrimination laws, maybe even in some constitutions? I'm not sure, but your point is a valid one.
"Methinks this writer hasn't done enough research on Japan's Press Club media cartels, and how they control the flow of information to the public (and I guess a sample size of a hundred or so articles on an issue isn't big enough to draw conclusions from). And has never quite understood the difference between criticizing a government (fair game) and an entire ethnicity (discriminatory)… Ah well. A little humility on my part would somehow fix everything, I guess."
I agree with you that if you were a little more humble in your writing, then perhaps you wouldn't face the constantly negative letters-to-the-editor in the Japan Times that I keep noticing.
As for Laurie Anne Freeman's thesis, of course I am aware of it. It is one of hundreds made on the subject of the Japanese media by scholars. I would think that anyone truly familiar with the literature would know that Freeman is not the final word on the subject. For those truly interested in a balanced view of the Japanese media and government activities, I would recommend the following scholars who have written on the subject in an excellent anthology entitled Media and Politics in Japan, edited by Susan J. Pharr and Ellis S. Krauss (University of Hawaii Press, 1996).
No one expects you to publish serious literature on the level of these scholars, Debito. Then again, no one expects you to promote conspiracy theories either without acknowledging that you are just guessing about "motives." But that's what you end up doing: promoting conspiracy theories. It's a shame.
Pete..thanks for the comments. I beg to differ with your tenuous arguments about logic. Despite what you say about there being no logical reason to claim the lack of anti-discrimination laws in Japan is deliberate, don't you, at the very least, find it a little odd that all the other 'advanced' nations have major governmental ministries or departments of immigration to facilitate the integration of immigrants, and Japan does not? I give much more credit for awareness to Japanese officials than you do. How could they not know that other countries have laws to respect the rights of immigrants, provide language training, and a welcome and that these immigrants have overwhelmingly contributed to the success of all the advanced nations? I give much more credit to these Japanese officials. There is a deliberate policy of inaction because, as some insiders have already admitted (I can't dig up the exact references at this time), immigration is a taboo issue if a party wants to get elected or stay elected. That's precisely why Mr. Hatoyama obfuscated this week when asked about the right for permanent residents to vote in local elections. He said that now is not the time to discuss it. Well, if not now, when? If you were not on the receiving end of any discrimination while in Japan, that's great. However, that is not the yardstick by which the rights of other foreigners, particularly non-white ones, should be determined. In Japan, it is not illegal to discriminate on the basis of race. Officials know this and have repeatedly at the national level said no such law is necessary, it is up to localities. The media in Japan does as it is 'instructed' through self-censorship. They themselves have admitted it on numerous occasions. They don't have to know what is right or wrong. In essence, Pete, you've basically sold yourself up the river by admitting you like the entertainment value of this site, and then dumping on the messenger by saying it's not clear what he wants. What is so hard to understand about a desire to have an anti-discrimination law? Logical fallacy? Hmmmm. Me thinks we might be a bit muddled.
I am just repeating what others have said but, for me, an Anti-Discrimination Act enshrined in the Japanese legal system would solve the problem. After that we could let it go and see what happens.
By the way you`ve made a clear mistake in your "scientific assessment" of what Debito writes:
"…How would anyone know what all Japanese officials and journalists are thinking?.."
That is easy: By what they state or write, Pete ! Before making "logical assessments" please pay attention to your own statements.
Journalists and Public Officials DO THINK IN PUBLIC ! What they think behind their wife`s ears is not statistically relevant. Otherwise we could never do "social sciences" and assess public opinion or have a relevant sample on any given social reality, isn`t it ?
Yves says:
I guess Pete has learned what amazing tool to happiness humility is, during his years in Japan, where he apparently experienced things unimaginable by any other foreigner to ever sail around these shores…like getting a mobile phone, staying at hotels, getting a subscription for local newspapers, or simply (why not)…going for a foot massage…But Pete, don't start shouting : …BUT I DID GET A MOBILE PHONE…because you'll show everybody that you're missing the point again.
I think Debito is a great exemple of a person who knows exactly what he wants and has the guts to make it clear to everybody…And what's that, you might ask.Well, the guy just wants to have a bath.But have a bath the normal way…Without any preconditions, lawsuits and the threat of World War III starting in the process.
So your accusation is completely groundless.Japan as a society has been very vocal in arguing for, or firmly opposing too many things, to hastily conclude that it somehow hasn't noticed yet a need for Racial Discrimination Law.As you may have noticed Japanese people fight for what they believe fiercely.At times and in the spirit of the great Apple ad you might call them 'the crazy ones'…I believe most of the readers of this blog would agree that in Debito we have an exemple of such a fine japanese spirit.He may not be a yamatoite, but he is Japan in her true passion, boldness, and…you asked for it…humility.You can disagree with him, vilify him or call him arrogant, but you simply cannot tell HIM, wether HE needs a law to protect HIS rights, and the rights of his children and many others in their situation.Especially if you're not japanese.And if he chooses to see 'a conspiracy' in the complete lack of cooperation and disintertest in his plight shown by many circles supposed to actually defend the rights of the citizens /like politicians, mass media etc/…it is his right, because it is his country…But if you actually bothered to read through the abundant information published here you'd noticed that he sounds more like a novelist /and at times lawyer/ rather than a conspiracy theorist.
Some while ago Debito was called 'evil', so I guess he'll survive the arrogance accusation as well…
Agreed. Pete is either some diplomat or base employee shielded from the everyday nuiances that we all encounter or just plain stupid.
What "everyday nuisances" is everyone encountering? And what does that have to do with discrimination? Living in a foreign country has nuisances because of many things. The language is different; the culture is different;the way people think, the laws, the business system, the banking system, the list can go on.
The people who mistaken these nuisances for racism are the ones who are just plain stupid.
Wait a second. Mike are you trying to say "nuisances" or "nuances"? Because "nuiances" is not a word. Well, either way, my argument is valid.
— The discussion is degenerating. I'll approve this comment, but if it causes troll reactions I'll delete it, and all other comments calling people (as opposed to policies and mindsets) stupid. I doubt you've read much of anything on Debito.org, Philip.
Sorry. I was just using Mike's words. What I mean to say is some people overreact to certain nuisances–like requiring a guarantor to rent a place–and think it's racism. Yes, most likely, a foreigner won't have a guarantor, but that rule wasn't made to prevent foreigners from renting. Many Japanese people now run into the same problem.
If one's mindset is already "Japan is a racist country" then one perceives every nuisance as racist. Some might even provoke racism.
— Your arguments are all over the place. And accusing people of things they did not say. Enough already.
Pete the fact that you may not have encountered problems does not mean that somebody else was not treated unfairly.
I'm glad for you.
Being refused an apartment because 大家さんは年配の方で。。or 大家さんは外人が苦手な方で。。or whatever…that happened to me many many times even if I am not a strange, ayashii type, I assure you.
The real estate company refuses "at prior" without any appeal.
It was funny once I went to ask for an apartment (in Shin-Ookubo !!!) was advertised as with an "international atmosphere" they refused to show me the apartment because I was gaijin. I almost laughed.
I tried to convince them to arrange a meeting with the owner just to talk in Japanese and let him "see" who/what I am. They told me that the owner just refused by principle (to gaijin). Nice huh ?
It's frustrating.
I also agree that there are much worse cases of racism out there, also in other countries. Of course there are.
I think that racism will last looong on this earth because it's something rooted deep inside us but at least we should be able to change/create the LAWS to protect everybody equally and impartially.
I can understand racism can still continue to exist on a private/personal level but NEVER on a PUBLIC level like refusing a service, refusing entrance etc.
That must be punished, harshly, by law and must be set an example.
Not all is black/white so sometimes I understand that it could be hard to prove that you didn't provide me that service just because I am (something) but at least the law should be there. At least.
It gives confort.
We need straight, clear, simple laws.
Here everything is too あいまい vague and leaves too much space
to (lol) "interpretation". It must be made impossible to "snake" around laws.
Manule says:
Hey Philip, nobody is speaking about the nuisances-like of requiring a guarantor to rent a place, we're talking about the places that openly promotes "only japanese", if this is not discrimination then what the heck you think it is?
let`s talk says:
It is first of all foreigners` fault.Most of them accept racial discrimination as "a Japanese thing" and want to do nothing to change the situation.
http://forum.gaijinpot.com/showthread.php?t=71190
— Thanks for taking these posters on yet another silly debate page to task, but some of them just don't want to know their rights, and heap scorn upon those who do… Ah well. Power to you.
Yes, that would be a good start. Debito, here's a challenge for you, take it or leave it, whatever: Since racism and discrimination are so widespread here, happening every day, etc. etc., I want to see you write ONE regular-length column on the topic WITHOUT mentioning your Otaru case. (Double points if you can avoid bringing up the Brazilian lady's issue with the jewellery shop, either.)
Seriously, it's like it's the only weapon in your arsenal. Surely you can find something else that shows what a horrible situation we face in Japan? One that doesn't involve your pet project?
— Clearly you haven't read my JT columns and articles. (There are more than sixty to choose from.) Most do not refer in any way to the Otaru Onsens Case.
Oh my God, I hope there are not many people in Japan like some of the posters on that forum…..I couldn't really believe what I was reading….(goose bumps).
It's also because that there are people like those that things do not change.
Unbelievable, really. Unbelievable. No words left.
Unbelievable, really. Unbelievable. No words left…
You really do not want to read this thread in response to the Akihabara massacre.One year after. http://forum.gaijinpot.com/showthread.php?t=71291
courtesy of the self proclaimed No1 for foreigners in Japan/Japan Today… and some people wonder why NJ have issues here.
However in hindsight this is also the forum that one of the moderators made a thread of puns regarding the murder of Lindsey Hawker and the admin deleted all references to NOVA and Interac that would negatively impact on their revenue.
Horses, courses…
— Quite. But I think this is quite enough about GaijinPot. This thread is not about them, so let's conclude that with this post.
level3 says:
The "I've never experienced racism in all my 1 or 2 years in Japan!" is a weak argument, and probably not even true.
The thing is, for people who live in an "English bubble" through their jobs or schools, you have little way of knowing personally how racism has affected your life.
The biggest issue that a large chunk of long-term gaijin residents experience, who have even learned to speak the language, is housing discrimination. "But when I went to the apartment agency, I didn't experience any discrimination!", you may claim.
That's probably because you walked in and asked them to show you a list a places, rather than walking in and showing them a list of places you searched for yourself on their websites to inquire about. Go in with no inquiries, and the agency staff will be sure to NOT tell you about any of the properties which have a "NO GAIJIN" listing, right along with other terms like "No pets" or "Unit bath". This is not a conspiracy theory, these internal listings DO exist, and some are even found on major renatal agency web listings, as I believe debito provided a link to before.
But when I walked in with a list of 6 apartments I was interested in, having checked a rental booklet and website (without the "no gaijin" labels) 3 of those apartments were immediately taken off the table by the agent, because "The landlords are strict about foreigners….it's difficult" In a way, I admired the rental agent (who isn't personally responsible for landlords' racism) for being fairly open about admitting that I couldn't get the apartment because the landlord is basically racist, rather than just saying "There are no units available now." (Though perhaps other rental agents who can't bring themselves to admit the race factor DO use that excuse, and again, you then have no way of knowing that you have just experienced racism. The rose-tinted glasses aren't knocked off your face.)
This could be true in many other areas.
Racism doesn't have to be blatant, guys in hoods burning crosses on your front lawn.
It can be more subtle, [not getting an apartment, never being considered for permanent employee status, getting special attention from the police, getting dumped by a girlfriend whose parents disapprove, etc.] which makes it easy to ignore for those who don't want to believe it exists.
Agree totally with all of the above… My last apartment company refused me as a foreigner to my face so my J-friend sitting next to me said that they would rent it instead… much sucking of breath and then oh but you need to be approved by the landlord – the landlord turned out to be living in the USA and was more than happy to rent it to a foreigner… the last words in Japanese directed at my friend/guarantor from the realtor was 'I do not know how a foreigner can afford such a place.' Needless to say once I was installed I had the company management advising me on how to sort my garbage etc etc…
re:" This could be true in many other areas.
Racism doesn't have to be blatant,..
It can be more subtle"
This evening I gave up my seat on the train to an elderly woman. She thanked me loudly in english. Once I exited the train someone from that carriage deliberately knocked me to the ground. I have had kidney blows in transit, snide remarks but this was different…
The only way to change attitudes is through integration and acceptance. What does Japan want? Tourism-please refer to the last G8 summit losses/hotels not wanting anything other than domestic tourist/cultural differences… The Olympics/Rugby World Cup after the debacle of the soccer hooliganism?
Would integration affect – yes in a positive way – but only if the population accept the need that society as it is known will look after them and maybe just maybe a foreigner will care.
Oh and my attack this eve was obviously random and not in anyway associated with the circumstances. However when you live in a society that you think it is that forsakes too many questioned unanswered.
Apologies. I do not think I can stay here much longer.
Debito are you in town (Sun)?…
— Yes. Come to Linguapax. I'll be there all Sunday.
AET says:
@ Level3
You're absolutely right. Once you move out of the "English bubble", Japan is not such a pretty place.
Simple case –
I used to park my bicycle in an alley adjacent to the building I work in. Everyone that works in the building does. Most of the renters are restaurant owners, so some patrons leave their bicycles as well. There are no signs or notices anywhere stating that leaving your bicycle there is a violation of any law or their personal wishes. None.
Recently, a woman decided to start operating a food stall selling takoyaki in that alley. For about a week, I just continued to park my bicycle in the same place I always had, along with the other bicycles I saw every day.
Then one day I come in and the woman is standing in my way preparing her stall. As I attempt to go around her, she notices me and starts putting her hands up and making motions for me to stop. She states in broken English, "park… no!"
Now if I were in the English bubble, I'd just assume there was no parking. Maybe I had missed a sign, or this spot was the lady's property. Surely, as I am a foreigner, I had made a mistake.
But I understand Japanese fairly well, so I told her to repeat herself in Japanese. She told me parking was forbidden. I asked why, to which she replied the area was the property of the people working in the building. (Hmm, and I'm only wearing this suit and tie and a company pin that matches the company in this building, but I digress…) I tell her I work in the building. My company pays quite a lot of rent, in fact, to be in the building. She looks baffled. Then she says that it was cleaning day. Apparently alleys have cleaning days that have no notices/bulletins/etc., unlike every other public work in my area. Finally she just exclaims, "Can't you just park somewhere else?!"
And that's only one of many joyful times where foreigners like myself have left people baffled by our ability to respond in Japanese, which is really crippling to their ability to deny us things without reason. In the English bubble, you can make up that reason. Outside of it, you find your counterparts struggling to do the same.
A solid set of anti-racism and anti-descrimination laws would help eliminate some of that nonsense.
And a side note – anyone who believes Japan practices descrimination by default and therefore cannot change (essentially stating that Japan and all the people in it are inherently and irreversibly racist/descriminatory) is in fact themselves a bigot. You're not more open-minded or knowledgeable about Japan; quite the opposite. Japanese people are people first, just anyone else. People can change, no matter who they are. And so can governments and their laws.
Keep fighting Debito.
— Are you parking your bike somewhere else?
It depends on the weather. If it's raining, then I put my bike right back in the alley where there are overhangs. Otherwise I just park it in front of the entrance to my building. I see the woman every single day and I do hope she sees me too. =)
Behan says:
I think there is a lot of racism in Japan. In my dealings with Japanese people they almost always seem to make it an issue when there is no need to do so.
An employer put me in an apartment because that landlord would rent to foreigners. In sports I have been told that some teams refuse to play against foreigners. I have been singled out by police for questioning. I have heard countless racist remarks made by people around me. Companies employing foreigners have different standards(some illegal) for their NJ staff. And, in general, a lot of people here make an issue out of the fact that I am(we are) not Japanese.
I know that there are countries worse than Japan, but racism is very alive in Japan and I don't now how anyone can deny it.
I expect to get flamed for this but I thought I would throw in my two cents anway…
— I strongly doubt you'll be flamed here. This isn't Japan Today, GaijinPot, Japan Probe or JapanSoc. Irresponsible comments don't get through.
snowman says:
Behan, who's going to flame you mate? You just wrote about the way it is here.
Kyushujoe says:
Blimey, with a name like yours, Snowman, you'd better hope you don't get flamed!
While I cannot speak for Japan Today, GaijinPot or Japan Probe, on behalf of Japansoc I'd like to say that we all do our best to promote open discussion. Occasionally an odd comment might slip through that is slanderous, but for the most part is quite a balanced arena. In my humble opinion, any reasoned debate that gets going about foreigner's rights and other important issues is a good thing.
— Of course, I agree. If it's reasoned. We're just getting some people with hatred in their hearts launching continuously personal attacks, to the point of dredging up completely baseless rumor and conjecture as some form of evidence. Prime example here (read down to comment by jeff3355). You owe it to your forum to make sure these types of people don't debase your discussions.
Jim Di Griz on DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JANUARY 1, 2021
Niklas on DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JANUARY 1, 2021
Baud on DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JANUARY 1, 2021
TJJ on "Tired Panda" on how rural tax authorities specialize in targeting foreign taxpayers for audit. And Japan aims to be Asia's #1 financial hub? Hah.
"Tired Panda" on how rural tax authorities specialize in targeting foreign taxpayers for audit. And Japan aims to be Asia's #1 financial hub? Hah.
BLOG BIZ: Debito slow to blog due to illness
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JANUARY 1, 2021
My Japan Times JBC 119: Top 5 Human Rights Issues of 2020: "A Watershed Year for Japan's Foreign Residents" (Dec. 31, 2020)
Full text of my first "Visible Minorities" column now archived on Debito.org: "Debito's New Column for Shingetsu News Agency" (Aug 19, 2019)
My SNA Visible Minorities 17: NIKE JAPAN Advertisement on Japan's Visible Minorities does some good (Dec 21, 2020)
Full text of my first SNA column is now archived on Debito.org: "The Japan Times Becomes Servant to the Elite" (Feb 2, 2019)
NIKE JAPAN ads featuring Japan's Minorities and Visible Minorities taking solace and courage from doing sports
United Nations human rights experts say Japan was wrong to detain former Renault-Nissan CEO Carlos Ghosn; owes him compensation
My latest SNA VM column 16: "US Elections Repudiate Trump's Japan-Style Ethnostate", suggesting that the US might be taking real steps towards a post-racial society, Nov. 16, 2020
Unknown news chyron of Govt panel that apparently blames foreigners for spreading Covid. However, FNN News tells a different story: one of assisting foreigners. Let's be careful to avoid disinformation (UPDATED).
BLOG BIZ: Semester busy-ness drawing all my energy, and US Election Day
My SNA Visible Minorities 15: "New Covid Foreign Resident Re-Entry Rules Still Racist", on how they are actually a natural outcome of Japan's bullying bureaucracy (Oct. 19, 2020)
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER OCTOBER 19, 2020
W on Japan's Kafkaesque and faulty re-entry procedures (even after October revisions to "open borders to Re-entry Visa foreign residents"): More elaborate racist barriers now.
Oct 1, 2020's new govt regulations for NJ Resident Re-Entry: Not much of a change. Racialized barriers still up; instead, "business travelers" and "foreign tourists" may soon be prioritized
Dejima Award #9: Again to Japan Rugby Football Union, for classifying naturalized Japanese players as "foreign", in violation of Japan Nationality Law.
My latest SNA VM column 14: "Visible Minorities: Weaponizing the Japanese Language", on how Foreign Minister Motegi's discriminatory treatment of Japan Times reporter Magdalena Osumi is part of a bigger phenomenon, Sept 21, 2020
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER SEPT 22, 2020
Reuters: Tennis star Osaka Naomi "a Jesse Owens of Japan". I don't think the comparison is apt, yet. She should also speak out for Japan's Visible Minorities.
Updated petition against Japan Foreign Resident Re-Entry Ban: Still discriminatory: Requires extra hurdles for all NJ only, including extra GOJ permissions and overseas Covid tests
Debito's SNA Visible Minorities 13: "Japan's Cult of Miserable Happy", Aug 24, 2020, questioning whether "omotenashi" Japan is actually all that hospitable to anyone, what with such a strong "culture of no"
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER AUGUST 25, 2020
Former student reports on how "Tokyo International University segregates and exploits its foreign students"
Cabby on "Ten Days in May: A Memorable Japan Hospital Experience during the COVID-19 Crisis"
Followup: Mark proposes a class-action lawsuit, against Japan Govt for Foreign Resident Travel Ban, to Human Rights Watch Japan
Summer post: Human Rights Watch calls for law against racial discrimination in Japan, in light of COVID and BLM
SIM on the text of the Ministry of Justice's "Foreigner Re-Entry Ban", on paper. Debito.org Readers are invited to offer their experiences in practice.
"A Despotic Bridge Too Far", Debito's SNA Visible Minorities column 12 on Japan's racist blanket ban on Foreign Resident re-entry, July 20, 2020
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JULY 20, 2020: SPECIAL ISSUE ON JAPAN'S BLANKET BAN ON FOREIGN RESIDENT RE-ENTRY
American Chamber of Commerce in Japan calls on J govt to cease "double standard restricting [Foreign Japan Residents'] travel, economic, and familial opportunities based on nationality" in Coronavirus policy
Japan's National Universities call on the Education Ministry to protect int'l students from expulsion and exclusion (a report from Debito.org Reader Mark)
NHK TV's racist video explaining Black Lives Matter for a children's news program: Why their excuse of "not enough consideration made at broadcast" is BS
German journalism on Japan Govt's COVID policy: Tohoku's Dr. Oshitani: Foreigners (not Japanese) brought it in. And that's why govt policies specifically exclude only foreigners, even NJ Permanent Residents.
SNA Visible Minorities Column 11: Advice to Activists in Japan in general (in the wake of the emergence of the Black Lives Matter Japan Movement), June 22, 2020.
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JUNE 22, 2020
Mainichi: Japan, US academics demand NHK explain offensive BLM anime. And how about all the others (including NHK) in the past?
Info on Black Lives Matter demos in Japan in response to excessive police force towards a Kurdish Resident; also the backlash of right-wing Tokyo Katsushika-ku Assemblyman Suzuki Nobuyuki: "expel any foreign demonstrators".
Online petition: Oppose Japan's generic reentry ban on Foreign Residents even after essential travels since April 3, 2020
Dejima Award #8: NJ resident returnees from abroad officially treated like contagion, barred from reentry unlike Japanese returnees. And unlike any other G7 country.
Discriminatory govt financial assistance for students: All Japanese can apply, but foreign students must be in top 30% of class. MEXT's rationale: "Many NJ students go home anyway and don't contribute to Japan's future."
My SNA Visible Minorities col 10: "The Guestists and the Collaborators", May 18, 2020, on how long-term NJ leverage their newfound privilege against other NJ Residents (e.g., Donald Keene, Tsurunen Marutei, and Oussouby Sacko)
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER MAY 18, 2020
UPDATE: Kyoto City manga denigrating "foreigners", produced by Kyoto Seika University, has naturalized African-Japanese citizen Dr. Oussouby Sacko as University President!
Debito interviewed by Shingetsu News Agency's "Speakeasy" forum: "Japan's Foreign Residents in the Coronavirus", Apr 27, 2020
Kyoto Nakagyou-ku issues comic book on local street safety to grade schoolers, created by Kyoto Seika Univ & Kyoto International Manga Museum, portraying "foreigners" as unintelligible ill-mannered tourists!
Debito's SNA column: "Pandemic Releases Antibodies toward Non-Japanese", Visible Minorities col 9, April 20, 2020
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER APRIL 20, 2020
Calling Debito.org Readers: How is life for you in COVID Japan?
COVID-inspired racism as NJ Residents are separated and "othered" from fellow Japan taxpayers by Dietmembers and bureaucrats
APJ-Japan Focus's Jeff Kingston on PM Abe and postponement of 2020 Tokyo Olympics; plus the inhumanity of the Japanese Govt
Japan's reaction to coronavirus: Bigots excluding NJ residents from restaurants. Saitama Korean schools denied protective mask distribution because they might "sell off" the masks.
Debito's SNA Visible Minorities column 8: "No Free Pass for Japan's Shirking Responsibility", Mar 16, 2020
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER MARCH 16, 2020
DF on Chugoku bank unlawfully demanding to check NJ customers' visa stay durations and photocopy their Gaijin Cards, or face discontinuation of service
BBC: "Is Japan embracing diversity?" A Pollyannaish article highlighting a few celebrity examples without data on broad public attitudes or government policy re immigration
2020 Tokyo Olympics drops Ainu performance from its Opening Ceremonies, despite 2019 law officially recognizing and promoting them as an indigenous people in Japan
My SNA Visible Minorities column 7: "Japan's Botched Response to the Diamond Princess Coronavirus isn't Racism; it's Stupidity", Feb 17, 2020
Senaiho "Hair Police" School Bullying Case Update 4: Civil lawsuit launched against school bullies, gaining traction with other international couples
"Gaikokujin Shimin": Kawaguchi City Mayor Okunoki (kinda) answers a query about the racialized application of this term that officially makes Japanese into "foreigners" (UPDATED)
My Japan Times JBC 118: "Remain calm when stopped by the police", on what to do if stopped by Japanese police for an Instant ID Checkpoint, Jan 20, 2020
SNA Visible Minorities Col 6: "Carlos Ghosn's Escape from Japan Was the Right Move", Jan 20, 2020 (UPDATED with full text)
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER JANUARY 20, 2020
Finance Minister Aso apologizes if 'single-race nation' remark (essentially denying Japan's officially-recognized multiethnic society) was "misunderstood"
My Japan Times JBC column 117: The annual Top Ten for 2019 of human rights issues as they affected NJ residents in Japan, Jan 6, 2020
Debito.org's stance on the Carlos Ghosn Case, at last: A boardroom coup making "thin legal soup" that might shame Japan's "hostage justice" judicial system into reform
My SNA Visible Minorities column 5: "Local Governments Classifying Japanese Citizens as Foreigners", Dec. 16, 2019
"Every Foreign Guest must present passport for photocopying" at Hotel Crown Hills Kokura; Japanese Police up to same old unlawful tricks in Fukuoka Prefecture
SITYS: MH Fox translation: "Gangsters and foreigners have no rights", book excerpt by former J prosecutor Ichikawa Hiroshi Ichikawa on jiadep.org
DEBITO.ORG NEWSLETTER NOVEMBER 27, 2019
Dr. Oussouby Sacko, African-born President of Kyoto Seika U, speaks at JALT, shows more blind spots re racism and tokenism
My SNA Visible Minorities Col 4: "The Xeno-Scapegoating of Japanese Halloween", Nov 18, 2019
Dejima Award #7: Nagoya City officially classifies "Foreigner City Denizens" to include "naturalized persons, children of international marriages, people with foreign cultures or roots in their backgrounds". Viva Eugenics.
Senaiho Update 3: Civil suit to be launched over school "Hair Police" forced-haircut bullying of student in Yamanashi JHS (UPDATED)
My Shingetsu News Agency Visible Minorities col 3: "Racial Profiling at Japanese Hotel Check-Ins", October 23, 2019
Last word on NJ hotel passport checks (thanks to a lawyer): It's as Debito.org has said for more than a decade: NJ Residents are exempt from showing any ID.
Reuters: Japanese police urged to take "light-touch" towards NJ during Japan 2019 Rugby World Cup. Yeah, sure.
Fujisankei-owned Japan Today posts article on "What to do if stopped by J police" for Rugby World Cup visitors, after consulting with Debito.org. Then does not acknowledge Debito.org and leaves out valuable advice
ICI Hotel Kanda unlawfully requires ID from all "foreign guests", including NJ residents of Japan, as a precondition for stay; claims it's demanded by Tokyo Metropolitan Police (UPDATED)
Sept. 19, 1999: 20th Anniversary of the Otaru Onsens Case today: Kindle eBooks "Japanese Only" and "Guidebook" are now downloadable for (almost) free
"Educating the Non-Japanese Underclass", my Shingetsu News Agency "Visible Minorities" Col 2, Sept 17, 2019
Mainichi: "'Prison camps for Brazilians': Foreign kids in Japan being ushered into special education." Perpetuates the Japan-"educated" NJ underclass
XY on being racially profiled–by a designated police task force looking for "bad foreigners"–for a traffic fender bender caused by someone else!
Kyoto JET Programme teacher TS on being made homeless due to xenophobic landlord, and Kyoto Board of Education (who found the apartment) refuses to help
"Visible Minorities": My first monthly column for the Shingetsu News Agency, Aug 19, 2019 (FULL TEXT)
Book "Embedded Racism in Japan", acclaimed as "important, courageous and challenging" and "a must-read" by prominent academic journals, now discounted to $34.99 if bought through publisher directly, using promo code LEX30AUTH16
Japan Times JBC 116: "'Love it or leave it' is not a real choice" (on how Trump's alienation of critics of color is standard procedure in Japan), July 24, 2019
Kyodo: Japan celebrates its South American Japanese diaspora. Praising them for doing what it complains NJ immigrants to Japan do. (Like take Nippon Foundation money to sterilize Peruvian indigenous peoples?)
US State Dept. 2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, Japan: Highlights for Debito.org Readers
Reuters: Yet another NJ detainee dies after hunger strike after 3 years in Japan "detention center"; time for a change in labeling
Mainichi: New "open door" visa programs violate basic NJ human rights (now including marriage and children), don't resolve cruel detention centers, and still curb actual immigration and assimilation
Anonymous on Ethical Issues/Discriminatory practices being carried out by Todai and Kyodai against MEXT scholars
SCMP: Japan needs thousands of foreign workers to decommission Fukushima nuclear site. High irony alert: First blame NJ, then have them clean up your deadly messes.
Foreign Minister Kouno Taro asks world media to use Japanese ordering of names (Abe Shinzo, not Shinzo Abe) in overseas reportage. Actually, I agree.
SCMP: "Japan: now open to foreign workers, but still just as racist?" Quotes Debito.
Yomiuri: GOJ now requiring hospitals (unlawfully) demand Gaijin Cards from NJ as a precondition for medical treatment
Mark: New Discriminatory Policy by Rakuten Mobile Inc., now "stricter with foreigners", refusing even Todai MEXT Scholarship Students cellphones
Kyodo: Half of foreigners in Tokyo experienced discrimination: ARIC survey
Books by Dr. ARUDOU Debito
Book IN APPROPRIATE: A novel of culture, kidnapping, and revenge in modern Japan
HANDBOOK for Newcomers, Migrants, and Immigrants to Japan, by Dr. ARUDOU, Debito and Higuchi Akira
JAPANESE ONLY By Dr. ARUDOU, Debito (English and Japanese)
JAPANESE ONLY By Dr. ARUDOU, Debito (Japanese)
"Embedded Racism"
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Anti-discrimination templates/meetings
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G7/G8 Summits
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GAIJIN HANZAI mag
Handbook for Newcomers
Hate Speech and Xenophobia
Immigration & Assimilation
Ironies & Hypocrisies
Issho.org/Tony Laszlo
Japan's "Blame Game"
Japanese police/Foreign crime
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NJ voices ignored, discounted & discredited
Otaru Onsen Lawsuit
Problematic Foreign Treatment
Racist Images in Media
Shoe on the Other Foot Dept.
SITYS
Speech materials
Unsustainable Japanese Society
Referential Sites
"Japanese Only" gallery of exclusionary places in Japan
"The Community in Japan" — a group for J residents to join and get advice
Activists' Page — site for people wanting to make Japan a better place for everyone
Blacklist of Japanese Universities
Donate to Debito.org
In a jam in Japan? "What to do if…" help site
List of all Dr. ARUDOU Debito's publications
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Brewskee-Ball http://brewskeeball.com is a sanctioned competitive sport currently played in New York City, San Francisco, Wilmington, N.C., Austin, TX, and now ColoRADo.
The Skeeson starts October 3rd, and games will be played each Monday night at 6pm at the Tasty Weasel Taproom in Longmont. The season will go until every team has played each other. The league caps out at 18 three-person teams, and the cost to join is $60. The champs will get FREE entry into the next Skeeson. To sign up, players can email ob@brewskeeball.com. The Tasty Weasel will be offering "Skee fo Free" nights leading up to the tournament, stay tuned to the Oskar Blues facebook page for details.
Created by the owners of Full Circle Bar in Brooklyn, NY, Eric Harris Pavony and Evan Tobias re-invented the game of Skee-Ball for adults in a modern and exciting way. Since establishing the first-ever competitive Skee-Ball league in New York City in 2005, Brewskee-Ball has fashioned a loyal network of teams, players and fans across the country.
Dale Katechis, founder of Oskar Blues, got the BrewSkee bug on a recent visit to FCB. Dale, brewery president John Bryant, and a few other OB team members returned from their experience determined to bring BrewSkee-Ball to Colorado.
FCB has garnered the respect and following of craft beer lovers as its selection of American craft beer in cans continues to grow, making Oskar Blues a natural choice for their Rocky Mountain connection.
This affection has made FCB's canned beer collection one of the most comprehensive in NYC with nearly 70 different American craft beers.
FCB is complete with a professional Skee-Ball stadium where league and tournaments are played. There is a Hall of Fame, Wall of Champions, stadium seating and the bar itself is made from old Skee-Ball lane parts. Friends and fans can also watch all the Brewskee-Ball action on a TV above the bar, which shows live video of the stadium at all times.


I will always ponder on matters on how I should interact with learners with regards to technology. There are great technology available for me to use. Especially those that I want to formatively assess my learners on their learning. As I continually inspire the lecturers in my institute to learn new technology and to come out with pedagogically sound techniques, I recognise the challenges that they face, especially with the limited time they have to engage the students and the limited resources that they have.
A blended approach of formative tools such as Kahoot really helps lecturers assess student's learning. It provides an opportunity for lecturers to understand how much has each student actually learnt in the process. In an online platform, I will leave lecturers who have questions they have regarding the course to approach us or place a query on the learning management system provided.


text:
Visa, PayPal Left Choking On Dust As Radix Distributed Ledger Processes Over 1M TPS
Radix could handle more than a million transactions every second.
Scalability is a perennial problem for blockchains, sometimes it has also proved to be a controversial one. Disagreements on how best to turn Bitcoin (BTC) into a workable payments solution have splintered the community, not once but twice.
But while even a hundred transactions per second remains out of reach for the Bitcoin community, a London-based project known as Radix (XRD) found in recent tests that its own network could process more than 1.2M transactions per second.
Yes, per second.
Radix is so fast, the team say, it could (and in fact, just did) process BTC's entire, decade-long history – roughly 400M transactions with 460M wallet addresses – in fifteen minutes and six seconds, across 1,000 Nodes.
Not only does that make Radix faster than pretty much every other distributed ledger, it also surpasses centralized solutions. It's more than 100x faster than PayPal, 600x quicker than Visa and 5x more awesome than AliPay. The team believes this proves scalability does not have to come at the price of decentralization.
Source: Radix
Although Radix is still in Alpha, this week's tests are the first in a series intended to raise the network's profile as well as showcase its unique architecture and consensus mechanism, 'Tempo', the result of seven years of research and development.
Trial transactions used full signatures and validations from more than a thousand nodes distributed all around the world. More tests are expected to take place through the rest of 2019 and the second test is scheduled next week.
Does Radix solve scalability?
Radix is designed as the underlying technology companies for their own payments features and applications. Fees remain low and predictable; because its architecture is non-linear, there is no danger of it suffering from bottlenecks during busy periods.
The "really impressive" tests show Radix can solve "the full trilemma in terms of scalability, decentralisation and security," said Dermot O'Riordan, Head of Operations and Strategy at The Reserve, which invested in the company last year.
Even though it's been around for more than seven years, Radix has kept a low-profile. Business implementation has yet to take off but sources have informed Crypto Briefing that the company is already in the process of developing payment rails for sovereign countries.
Blockchains have a reputation for being slow and expensive, O'Riordan added, but by surpassing centralized providers, Radix could prove to be more impactful and groundbreaking than anything built by the likes of PayPal or Stripe.
It could be the "tipping point for the technology", believes O'Riordan. The fact that Facebook is already moving forward with its own cryptocurrency is "complete validation" for Radix's use case, he says.
"Radix is presently testing at over 200x the average throughput of the world's major credit card providers," O'Riordan added. "As a payments rail, it is faster, more secure, and cheaper than any other alternative: centralised or decentralised."
And it's not helmed by Dr. Evil Mark Zuckerberg – so there's a possibility it will actually use these incredible powers for good.
Radix Demonstrates One Million Transactions Per Second?


Published 04/19/2019 12:47:37 am at 04/19/2019 12:47:37 am in Stone Path Garden.
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text:
module RabbitRPC
  class RequestHandler
    include Logging

    attr_reader :one_way

    def initialize(serialized_message)
      @message = Message.unpack serialized_message
    end

    def execute
      parser = MessageParser.new(@message)
      parser.parse

      @one_way = parser.one_way?

      logger.info "Received message #{@message}"

      Kernel.const_get(parser.service_name).send(parser.method_name, *@message['args'] )
    rescue ArgumentError => e
      log_exception(e)
      { ok: false, message: e.message }
    rescue Exception => e
      log_exception(e)
      exception_response
    end

    private

    # We do not want to return the actual exceptions back
    # TODO: Perhaps have this user defined?
    def exception_response
      { ok: false, message: 'Error processing request' }
    end

  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Jordynne Grace is the number one contender to the Impact Wrestling Knockouts Championship after defeating Tessa Blanchard last week on Impact. The powerhouse of a Knockout discusses defeating Tessa, her Dark War to rescue Allie from the Dark Side, United We Stand, and finally getting mainstream attention at All In Zero Hour and how that landed her in Impact Wrestling. Plus, a lot of talk about United We Stand and the big wrestling weekend in New York/New Jersey just a few short weeks from now.
Click Here to Check Out the November 2018 Impact Press Pass with Jordynne Grace!
"I debuted there in October. It has been a whirlwind year in general but it also has been a whirlwind there also. Debuting, I had like a 30 second match (with Katarina) to having a number one contenders match against Tessa (Blanchard). "
"I think that night was the biggest night of my career, obviously. It solidified, I think, my place in wrestling. I think everything that has happened since All In was because of All In. And, yeah, especially Impact."
"It is definitely a lot of fun to watch. Most of the time, it is not as fun to do because they don't add all the side effects until after the fact. But, it is really cool to go back and watch all the things that they have added in."
"Yeah, I'm really excited. It is a huge match and a really big opportunity. All the girls have something different to them. So, I feel it will all come together and be a really good match!"
"Oh, absolutely! 100%! Her facepaint alone is terrifying! She is definitely intimidating."
"Yeah, I'm facing her before that (United We Stand) too. She's definitely one of the most versitile wrestlers in the entire world. She's from Canada, she lived in Mexico for a little while, she speaks Spanish. She's like America personified! She's like a melting pot of everything America has in store. (laughs)"
"I'm going to say no. A lot of people don't like inter-gender wrestling. A lot of people who don't understand wrestling at all hate inter-gender wrestling and are not comfortable with it. It is really unfortunate. But, I think as soon as a company like Impact Wrestling takes a chance and makes it a little more mainstream, then people will see good inter-gender wrestling and it will make it more palletable. Then they'll realize that this is something that people can watch and want to watch and actually makes sense."
"It is funny you should mention that because we talk about it on a weekly if not daily basis about how when we first moved out here to Pennsylvania, no one knew us and we weren't really making any money. And now, we'ree doing what we're doing! Wrestling is our full time job. His matches are way crazier than mine. I mean, he's doing Madison Square Garden! It doesn't get any bigger than that. It is definitely surreal!"
"I have no idea. I feel like I never know until I get there.(laughs) "t.


text:
Q: bash script: how to display output in different line i'm trying use one line of code to solve a problem
echo $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -newer $1  | sed 's,\.\/,,g')

this will print out all the file in current folder that are newer than the input file. But it prints out in one single line:
file1 file2 file3 file4....

how can i display each file name in a single line like:
file1
file2
file3
...

This seems to be a very simple but i've been searching and have no solution.
Thank you in advance.

A: Get rid of the echo and the $(...).
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -newer "$1" | sed 's,\.\/,,g'

If you have GNU find you can replace the sed with a -printf action:
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -newer "$1" -printf '%P\n'

A: pipe it to tr:
... | tr " " "\n"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Mirror and silvering combinations are virtually limited only by the imagination . . . you can own a unique, one of decor mirror that no one else could ever replicate intentionally or by coincidence.
We can supply a frame from our range, you may already have a frame, or you can have a local picture framing shop make a square or rectangular frame to your particular needs.
We can even make special mirrors to order in shapes, anything to within certain manufacturing limitations.
We can silver your flat or convex glass in a first class new hand silvered finish, very suitable for contemporary design settings.
Antiqued silvering is also a specialty, where we make the mirror glass backing look aged and 'spoiled'.
This is very suitable for old frames where (for example) an existing broken mirror was already spoiled, and a similar effect is desired in the new glass . . . or if a frame has a dated look (patina), and the clients taste / decor is for an antiqued look, the antiquing the mirror glass lends an air of authenticity to the piece.
Below : Antiqued flat oval vs 'good' silver (in the bathroon cabinet) . . .


text:
App-Controlled Robot Is Your New Toy
in Posted in Mobile
Ollie is not the first app-controlled robotic toy, but it might be the cutest. It comes from GoSphero, who brought us Sphero, the app-controlled ball.
Since Ollie is available for pre-order for $100 and ships on September 15th, Gizmodo's Mario Aguilar decided to give the toy a test run.
Gyroscope-Guided Gigglefest By Sphero
The little bot is about the size of a big soup can. It has two smooth wheels, which can be swapped for knobby tires, and each one spins independently.
At launch time, four apps will be available for iOS or Android, but Gizmodo only had the "Tricks Mode" for its review.
After downloading the app and opening it, touch the phone to the toy to connect the two via a Bluetooth wireless signal. It continuously searches for Ollie and can find and control him up to 30 meters away.
A touchscreen on the phone, which resembles the old iPod click-wheel, controls the robot. Aguilar was a bit disgruntled saying, "I have to admit that using the touchscreen to manipulate a real world object is a bit of a challenge. In part, that's because Ollie is round and so it's not always obvious whether it's facing forwards or backwards, especially just after it's slammed into a wall or done a bunch of flips…"
The app allows you to adjust several settings, including where you plan to play. Indoors or out? Hard surface or soft? You can also adjust speed, acceleration and handling.
At a top speed of 14 miles per hour, Ollie is able to traverse the ground fairly quickly and it's capable of climbing ramps, catching air and smashing into walls without getting damaging. They should make phones out of this stuff.
Web-Connect To Everything You Own: Photos
But according to Aguilar, there is a big learning curve with Ollie and it takes a few hours to master. It can be difficult to perform even the simplest maneuver.
In a way that might be good, though. Anyone likely interested in this toy probably has a short attention span and the fact that Ollie requires some attention and practice could mean that those who master it will be more revered.
HTC leaks Left 4 Dead 3


text:
The problem of intransigently biased agents
Bennett Holman, Justin P. Bruner
Underwood Division
In recent years the social nature of scientific inquiry has generated considerable interest. We examine the effect of an epistemically impure agent on a community of honest truth seekers. Extending a formal model of network epistemology pioneered by Zollman, we conclude that an intransigently biased agent prevents the community from ever converging to the truth. We explore two solutions to this problem, including a novel procedure for endogenous network formation in which agents choose whom to trust. We contend that our model nicely captures aspects of current problems in medical research and gesture at some morals for medical epistemology more generally.
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'The problem of intransigently biased agents'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Medical Epistemology Arts & Humanities
Scientific Inquiry Arts & Humanities
Medical Research Arts & Humanities
Gesture Arts & Humanities
Epistemology Arts & Humanities
Holman, B., & Bruner, J. P. (2015). The problem of intransigently biased agents. Philosophy of Science, 82(5), 956-968. https://doi.org/10.1086/683344
Holman, Bennett ; Bruner, Justin P. / The problem of intransigently biased agents. In: Philosophy of Science. 2015 ; Vol. 82, No. 5. pp. 956-968.
@article{7513bfa38f014d4a952e24770f60596c,
title = "The problem of intransigently biased agents",
abstract = "In recent years the social nature of scientific inquiry has generated considerable interest. We examine the effect of an epistemically impure agent on a community of honest truth seekers. Extending a formal model of network epistemology pioneered by Zollman, we conclude that an intransigently biased agent prevents the community from ever converging to the truth. We explore two solutions to this problem, including a novel procedure for endogenous network formation in which agents choose whom to trust. We contend that our model nicely captures aspects of current problems in medical research and gesture at some morals for medical epistemology more generally.",
author = "Bennett Holman and Bruner, {Justin P.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 by the Philosophy of Science Association. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
journal = "Philosophy of Science",
publisher = "University of Chicago",
Holman, B & Bruner, JP 2015, 'The problem of intransigently biased agents', Philosophy of Science, vol. 82, no. 5, pp. 956-968. https://doi.org/10.1086/683344
The problem of intransigently biased agents. / Holman, Bennett; Bruner, Justin P.
In: Philosophy of Science, Vol. 82, No. 5, 12.2015, p. 956-968.
T1 - The problem of intransigently biased agents
AU - Holman, Bennett
AU - Bruner, Justin P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 by the Philosophy of Science Association. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
N2 - In recent years the social nature of scientific inquiry has generated considerable interest. We examine the effect of an epistemically impure agent on a community of honest truth seekers. Extending a formal model of network epistemology pioneered by Zollman, we conclude that an intransigently biased agent prevents the community from ever converging to the truth. We explore two solutions to this problem, including a novel procedure for endogenous network formation in which agents choose whom to trust. We contend that our model nicely captures aspects of current problems in medical research and gesture at some morals for medical epistemology more generally.
AB - In recent years the social nature of scientific inquiry has generated considerable interest. We examine the effect of an epistemically impure agent on a community of honest truth seekers. Extending a formal model of network epistemology pioneered by Zollman, we conclude that an intransigently biased agent prevents the community from ever converging to the truth. We explore two solutions to this problem, including a novel procedure for endogenous network formation in which agents choose whom to trust. We contend that our model nicely captures aspects of current problems in medical research and gesture at some morals for medical epistemology more generally.
JO - Philosophy of Science
JF - Philosophy of Science
Holman B, Bruner JP. The problem of intransigently biased agents. Philosophy of Science. 2015 Dec;82(5):956-968. https://doi.org/10.1086/683344


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PASADENA, Calif. (NASA JPL/Caltech PR) — Data collected by NASA's Juno spacecraft using its Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument point to a new heat source close to the south pole of Io that could indicate a previously undiscovered volcano on the small moon of Jupiter. The infrared data were collected on Dec. 16, 2017, when Juno was about 290,000 miles (470,000 kilometers) away from the moon.
There is NOTHING like having a orbiter or two on hand to keep a proper eye on things. After the Galileo antenna malfunction, it was proposed that we send modified geo-sync satellites to all the planets and then send a serial stream of smaller probes with diminutive high gain communications that only need to relay to the communications gateway for its target planet. One of these days we'll take this infrastructure approach beyond Earth and Mars.
It'd be fantastic to have a long-term look at changes on Io – but I wonder how long a satellite could last in that high-radiation environment? JUNO's sensors were going to take a clobbering just dipping in and out of Jupiter's radiation belts.
Jupiter is a highly toxic environment, but you plan for that. We have been operating infra-red imaging platforms in GEO for decades now, and the long cruise periods of Galileo, Cassini, and New Horizons did not kill those CCDs. For Jupiter what you would want for a long term imaging platform is more aperture and focal length on your telescope and more propellant so you can raise your peri-Jove and avoid having to go so deep into the radiation belts.


IRON ORCHID DESIGNS brings us a perfect range of products to help you create one of a kind pieces with your furniture, art objects and more. Available in store now so pop in to chat with us on how to use these amazing new products.
The IOD décor stamps aren't just for furniture and home décor, you can use them to transform your food art as well! The stamps are made from a food safe material (do not use the same sets for food and paint). But be warned- they are not for high heat applications. Do NOT put in dishwasher, they will melt at extreme heats.


text:
require 'abstract_unit'

class Ec2VpnConnectionRouteTest < Minitest::Test
  def test_normal
    template = <<-EOS
_ec2_vpn_connection_route "test", ref_cidr: "test", ref_vpn: "test"
    EOS
    act_template = run_client_as_json(template)
    exp_template = <<-EOS
{
  "TestVpnConnectionRoute": {
    "Type": "AWS::EC2::VPNConnectionRoute",
    "Properties": {
      "DestinationCidrBlock": {
        "Ref": "TestCidr"
      },
      "VpnConnectionId": {
        "Ref": "TestVpnConnection"
      }
    }
  }
}
    EOS
    assert_equal exp_template.chomp, act_template
  end
end


Almost everyone has used crayons, but just how do they get made? At a factory workers take wax and put it in tanks to heat. Once the wax melts it turns "into a gooey liquid." You can see pipes all through the factory. They "carry the wax into many pots called vats." Once the liquid is in there you can see a worker as he adds color or "pigment" into the vat. After the color is added, you can see another worker pouring red wax into a mold. The mold has holes in it that are shaped like crayons.
Underneath these molds "cold water flows," cooling the wax so that it will become hard. Piles and piles of crayons are then ready for workers to look at and see if any are damaged. If they are, back they go to be melted again. There is a special machine that "wraps the crayons," putting on a label. You will also learn how the crayons are sorted into sets, you'll see how a machine boxes them, you'll learn how they get to the stores, and you'll see children as they use their crayons.
This is a fascinating look at how wax is made into crayons that the young reader will enjoy. Newly independent readers will be able to read this book with a bit of assistance. More difficult words such as "pigment" are highlighted in the text and defined in the glossary. There are full-color, full-page photographs illustrating the concept discussed on the adjoining page. In the back of the book is an index and a glossary. There are free complementary downloadable educational resources on the publisher's website. This is an excellent read and discuss book for circle or story time in the homeschool or classroom setting.
Quill says: The Start to Finish series are excellent books that young students can learn about Nature's Cycles, Food, and Everyday Products.


The redesigned air conditioning system distributes air efficiently and silently, with improved vent directional flow for a more comfortable cabin, in any weather.
The keyless entry and push button start system makes short work of setting off. A key fob gives you easy keyless entry. Simply grip the door handles to unlock them and start the engine with the push of a button.
The available power sliding sunroof with sun shade cover keeps you cool in summer and warm in winter.
Awarded one of Wards 10 Best Interiors of 2017, the XV features a refined interior with the largest passenger volume in its class, high-quality soft-touch materials, and available leather seats.
The 2018 Subaru Impreza raises the bar in the compact segment, striking a chord with drivers who reject compromise at every turn. Armed with the legendary Subaru Symmetrical Full-Time All-Wheel Drive System, the Subaru Boxer engine and the Subaru Global Platform, the Impreza reinforces an enduring track record of great driving performance and safety.
With Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, you have the confidence for driving in wet and dry conditions, and on any terrain. Impreza is the only car in it's segment with SAWD for added safety and off-road capability.
This Impreza was the first Subaru vehicle to ride on the new Subaru Global Platform. This design sees dramatic increases to body rigidity through the use of more high-tensile materials. Other benefits of this advanced platform include reduced twisting forces on the frame and body through the suspension system. This, in turn, creates a smoother and more comfortable ride, highly responsive and precise steering, excellent straight-line stability, and low levels of noise and vibration.
The combination of a world-class all-wheel drive system, striking agility, superior visibility and class-leading active safety systems such as EyeSight advanced driver assist system, Subaru Rear/Side Vehicle Detection System and ABS gives the Subaru Impreza excellent evasive capabilities. After all, the best way to stay safe in an accident situation is to avoid the accident in the first place.
In addition to our Reverse Camera, Reverse Automatic Braking will sense and alert you if it detects you are about to hit something behind. And now it will even apply the brakes in the event you don't.
This proprietary advanced frame design is able to absorb 40% more impact energy than on the previous-generation Impreza. It strengthens the passenger compartment by linking the roof to the side pillars and the floor. As a result, impact energy coming from all directions is dissipated and diverted away from the passenger cabin.
Ready to do something you will love?
The Subaru Impreza raises the bar in the compact segment, striking a chord with drivers who reject compromise at every turn. Stop making such a spectator of yourself – step into the Impreza and get ready to experience all that life has to offer.


text:
Q: Unit tests, Mock objects in Debug and in Run modes I'm developing unit test.
If I start test in Run mode, the run is failed with message:

This exception may occur if matchers are combined with raw values:
   //incorrect:
   someMethod(anyObject(), "raw String");
When using matchers, all arguments have to be provided by matchers.
For example:
   //correct:
   someMethod(anyObject(), eq("String by matcher"));
For more info see javadoc for Matchers class.

If I run the test in Debug mode with the breakpoint on String tableName = table.getTableName() the test is passing well. The stop occurs on the breakpoint.
@Test
void myTest() {
    Table table = mock(Table.class);
    when(table.getTableName()).thenReturn("mytableName")
    SQLService service = new SQLService(table);
    service.select();
}

class SQLService {
    private final Table table;
    SQLService(Table table) {
         this.table = table;
    }

    void select() {
        String tableName = table.getTableName(); // <---- issue here, breakpoint is set on this line
        ........
    }
}

A: This issue is caused by mixing matchers with raw values. If you use matchers then you need to use matchers for all arguments.
Try and use the .eq() matcher, with your code it is something like this:
when(Mockito.eq(table.getTableName())).thenReturn("mytableName");


If agreed, this would be the only deal of its kind in the country, which could unlock more than £500 million of extra income to be reinvested across the region to boost economic growth and jobs.
The plans, being considered by all four unitary authorities in Bath and North East Somerset, Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire, the LEP Board and the Cabinet Office by the end of July, would see proposals to kick start economic growth with the rewards of this growth being retained locally.
Under the draft deal, the government is planning to allow the West of England authorities to keep all of the income generated from business rates growth across the five enterprise areas and the enterprise zone over the next 25 years, to spend on strengthening the local economy, in line with the Government's recent spending round.
This extra money would be pooled by the four councils along with the revenue from the Temple Quarter enterprise zone into a West of England Economic Development Fund, intended to support an investment programme worth up to £1 billion.
The West of England Local Enterprise Partnership would then decide where to invest the money to create new jobs and attract private sector investment in the area.
The Enterprise Zone and Enterprise Areas are a network of priority employment site opportunities across the West of England with significant economic growth potential, each with a unique investment offer. Three of the enterprise areas are located in South Gloucestershire at Filton, Emersons Green and Severnside, with one in Bristol at Avonmouth, and the other two are in Bath city centre and North Somerset at Junction 21 of the M5. An enterprise zone is located in Bristol at Temple Quarter.
In a joint statement, Cllr Paul Crossley, Leader of Bath & North East Somerset Council, George Ferguson, Mayor of Bristol, Cllr Nigel Ashton, Leader of North Somerset Council and Cllr John Calway, Leader of South Gloucestershire Council, said: "This unique deal with government promises to be a real shift of power from Whitehall, securing a 25 year income stream enabling us to drive growth locally and retain the rewards locally, rather than passing a proportion of the business rates back to central government. Our aim is to work in partnership to collect the business rates which would then be reinvested into specific local projects.
If the proposals are adopted by the four councils, a legal agreement will be drawn up between the West of England authorities, the LEP and the Cabinet Office before the incentive comes into operation in April 2014.


For all my warnings against watching business TV over the years (I don't want to get started on the reasons again), I was on at ET Now yesterday to speak about long-term investing (yes, long-term investing…on business TV!). I also talked about one of my favourite subjects i.e., reading annual reports and specifically the Balance Sheet.
Combine this with my earlier posts on how to master analyzing the Balance Sheet – Part 1 and Part 2.
In the above chat, I talked about the annual reports of Avenue Supermarts, Symphony, and Info Edge – all of which I have analyzed and written about recently (Disclosure – I don't own any of these stocks).
On being asked in the interview about my all-time favourite 'annual reports,' I mentioned Asian Paints and Titan (Disclosure – I own both these stocks, so big bias here).
Hope you find value in what I spoke, but also understand that my views were always on the annual reports and underlying businesses and never on the respective stocks.
Statutory Warning: This is NOT an investment advice to buy or sell shares. Please make your own decision, as blindly acting on anyone else's research and opinions can be injurious to your wealth. My analysis may be biased, and wrong. I have been wrong many times in the past. I am a registered Research Analyst as per SEBI (Research Analyst) Regulations, 2014 (Registration No. INH000000578).
Here is my review of the FY17 annual report of India's leading online classifieds company, Info Edge.
Click here to download the PDF review (7 MB file), or click the image below.
Let me know your thoughts and questions on this review in the Comments section of this post, plus any additional thoughts from your own review of Info Edge's FY17 annual report.
Statutory Warning: This is NOT an investment advice to buy or sell shares. Please make your own decision, as blindly acting on anyone else's research and opinions can be injurious to your wealth. I do not own the stock, but my analysis may be biased, and wrong. I have been wrong many times in the past. I am a registered Research Analyst as per SEBI (Research Analyst) Regulations, 2014 (Registration No. INH000000578).
Here is my review of the FY17 annual report of India's leading air cooler company, Symphony Ltd.
Click here to download the PDF review (5 MB file), or read it in the panel below.
Let me know your thoughts and questions on this review in the Comments section of this post, plus any additional thoughts from your own review of Symphony's FY17 annual report.
Here is my review of the FY17 annual report of India's leading value retailer, Avenue Supermarts, which owns and operates the D-Mart brand of stores.
Click here to download the PDF review (4 MB file), or read it in the panel below.
Let me know your thoughts and questions on this review in the Comments section of this post, plus any additional thoughts from your own review of Avenue Supermarts' FY17 annual report.
Here is my review of the FY16 annual report of India's leading two-wheeler company, Bajaj Auto.
Let me know your thoughts and questions on this review in the Comments section of this post, plus any additional thoughts from your own review of Bajaj Auto's FY16 annual report. Also share any suggestion(s) you may have to make future reviews better and easier for your understanding.
Statutory Warning: This is NOT an investment advice to buy or sell shares. Please make your own decision, as blindly acting on anyone else's research and opinions can be injurious to your wealth. I own the stock, and thus my analysis is biased, and may be wrong. I have been wrong many times in the past. I am a registered Research Analyst as per SEBI (Research Analyst) Regulations, 2014 (Registration No. INH000000578).