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Fort Hartsuff State Historical Park
82034 Fort Ave, Burwell, Nebraska
Death at Pebble Creek Part 2
After the chief's blood curdling yell of challenge, we continue quoting George McAnulty from the Trail of the Loup.
"The Indians opened fire…for ten minutes the roar of musketry was like that in other days experienced at Rosebud Creek, the lonely bluffs of the Loup echoing the sharp crack of the rifles as white men and red engaged in mortal combat."
"The Indians now divided half of them crawling along to our rear. While we were under the bank (of the river) we could return their fire without exposing ourselves. The first we knew of their intentions we were greeted by a volley from the southeast. At this juncture Marion Littlefield arose to fire. He exposed his head to the enemy and just as he pressed his trigger of his needle-gun there was an answering report and he fell dead on the bank of the river".
The death of Littlefield marked the end of the battle. The pioneers returned to McClimans' with his body. The Indians withdrew, driving their herd of captured Pawnee ponies estimated to be about fifty in number. We may add parenthetically that one account specifies that Buckskin Charley, the settlers' spokesman, turned down the Chief's generous enough pre-battle offer of several head of these ponies in payment for the property wrongfully taken.
The settlers later returned to the scene of the battle and killed two badly wounded Indian horses left on the battlefield. The number of Indian casualties is unknown. The Grand Island newspapers reported three fatalities among the Indians, but we must remember that casualties were generally reported to be higher than actual by both the participants and the press. The settler account had to rely on battle observations or blood spots on the field. No bodies were left to count.
It was traditional for Teton Sioux to remove their dead to preclude the mutilations generally administered by their enemies, both white and red. Such loss of scalps, fingers or other body parts (for war trophies and souvenirs) was thought to cause subsequent spiritual consternation in any afterlife. Preventing dead comrade's remains from falling into enemy hands is pretty universal among warring people. Such retrieval may be a tribute of the fallen comrade's memory and is also an element promoting group esprit de corps.
We know McAnulty's account that the fighting spirit of the pioneer posse was broken by the death of Littlefield. His body was returned to his relatives near Sutton. He was subsequently buried northeast of there at Farmer Valley Cemetery in southern Hamilton County. His stone may be seen there today. We may well overlook the spelling of 'Pebble Creek' with one 'b'. After all, the battle seemed (and was) far away and on a distant frontier from the relatively well-settled and populous Clay and Hamilton Counties.
The writer's own maternal grandfather, (John Herrick, 1868-1962) recounted to me many times, his personal experience in this matter. He was six years old at the time and was with his father in Sutton when the McCliman's wagon brought the Littlefield body into town. My grandfather's father had homesteaded in Clay County in 1871, following service as a Mounted Infantryman during the recent Civil War. He ran a livery barn in the village of Ong. His little son, John accompanied him on drayage trips to nearby communities. This memory of the dead trapper killed by Indians 'way up north on the Loup' made a deep and lasting impression on my grandfather. Little did he realize back in 1874 that several years later he would also homestead in this far off region and live out most of his long life here, dying at the old family farm near Sioux Creek west of Burwell at age 93.
Another interesting sidelight of the Battle of Pebble Creek is the story of the disposition of Marion Littlefield's rifle. He was armed with a Springfield 'needle-gun', a breech-loading, single-shot trapdoor action rifle of caliber .50-70 when the .44 caliber bullet of a Henry or Winchester multi-shot lever-action repeater went squarely through the center of his forehead. Littlefield's 'needle-gun' (the colloquial name given to this class of weapon by frontiersmen throughout the Plains) was placed in McClimans' wagon with the body.
When the body of Littlefield was returned to his relatives, they gave the rifle to McClimans in gratitude for hauling the remains home (more than 100 miles in mid-winter). The rifle remained in the McClimans family and was pictured being held by Richard's son, A.R. McClimans in the June 16, 1937 edition of the Ord Quiz. This was part of a full-page article detailing the unveiling of the Littlefield monument north of Burwell. This marker is on the property of Mr. Gil Stahlecker on the scenic, public Pebble Creek Road.
During the 1940's, the Littlefield rifle was acquired by Ed Cram of Burwell, an avid gun collector. Upon Ed's death, his nephew Dr. Roy Cram inherited the rifle as part of the collection. In late 1977, Fort Hartsuff Park Superintendent Lindsay was approached by Dr. Cram regarding proper disposition of this historic firearm. An agreement was reached, and on January 16, 1978, almost 104 years to the day of the battle, the Littlefield rifle was donated and became part of the permanent display of Fort Hartsuff.
We were especially pleased to receive this historic rifle. Granted, no United States soldiers were involved in the Battle of Pebble Creek. However, one of the results of that battle was that a committee was formed to petition congress for a permanent military presence in the Loup Valley. The result of the committee's effort, inspired by the fear and insecurity engendered by the Pebble Creek Battle, was that a permanent fort was established within nine months of the battle. So the Battle of Pebble Creek was a major factor in the formula which led to the establishment of Fort Hartsuff, "Post on the North Fork of the Loup River".
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Q: Where do the Hyperspace Routes in Star Wars Come From Where did the Hyperspace Routes in the Star Wars universe originate from in the first place, Also is there only one route on and off a planet? Or can a world have multiple Hyperspace routes?

A: In Legends canon, hyperspace routes were discovered by the Hyperspace Navigator's Guild:

Hyperspace Navigator's Guild This ancient guild was responsible for the discovery, cataloging, and availability of hyperspace routes. Founded originally on the planet Empress Teta, the guild was made up of daring explorers who braved the unknowns of deep space to find quicker ways to get from one major trade center to another. Once a new route was discovered, the right to use the route was sold by the guild, with a percentage of the royalties going to pay the explorers who found it. The guild existed without major change for many millennia until New Order (sic), when the Empire raided the guild's computers and made off with whatever information it wanted.
(Source: The Complete Star Wars Encyclopedia (2008), Vol II (H-O), page 71, entry "Hyperspace Navigator's Guild")

The Essential Atlas shows some planets located along a single trade route, while others are located at the nexus of several, such as Coruscant Corellia, and Brentaal. It also elaborates on how known routes are maintained:

Updating and recalculating well-known routes is the duty of the Space Ministry. Updates are available for a nominal fee from ministry offices or downloaded as a standard part of docking procedures at many spaceports. As part of the same process, route and sensor data from starships' navicomputers is routinely uploaded and collected for analysis by the ministry's astrogation bureau, after which it becomes part of new updates. Refusal to share navicomputer about established routes is illegal, and almost universally condemned by spacers as selfish and dangerous. That doesn't apply to data about new routes, however: Scouts, smuglers, and legitimate captains all guard such knowledge jealously. Put any group of spacers in a cantina and within a couple of rounds they'll be telling fanciful tales of spacer guilds, shipping companies, and entire species that supposedly make their living from secret trade routes.
(Source: The Essential Atlas (2009), page 14)

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Retrospective: The World of Greyhawk
Though my fondness for Judge's Guild's Wilderlands has since eclipsed it, I still consider 1980's The World of Greyhawk Fantasy World Setting to be the best campaign setting product TSR ever produced. I can already hear the chorus of disagreement rising in the background, as fans of Planescape and Dark Sun, Birthright and Ravenloft, even the 1983 Greyhawk boxed set prepare to show me the error of my ways. They're welcome to try and make their case, but I'm not easily dissuaded on this point, as I'll explain.
When I say "best," I'm not speaking specifically about the Greyhawk setting itself. I certainly like Greyhawk a great deal, make no mistake. As one might expect, it's a perfectly naturalist setting -- a faux medieval Europe with magic and monsters added to it. It's the very definition of what hipsters nowadays call "vanilla fantasy." I readily concede that point. Greyhawk isn't very remarkable as a work of the imagination. Most of its setting elements are immediately recognizable to anyone with a passing knowledge of history and pulp fantasy archetypes. But that's to the good, since it makes it very easy for both players and referees to get into the setting without having to understand reams of backstory and minutiae. The World of Greyhawk was intended to be a backdrop for one's D&D adventures. Backdrop. It's there to provide a little context and depth; it wasn't intended to be the focus of one's campaigns.
Commendable though that is, The World of Greyhawk's real virtues are as a product. When I said it was "the best campaign setting product TSR ever produced," I meant that literally. This product consists of two large hex maps -- among the most beautiful ever made for any RPG product -- and a 32-page booklet that gives a brief overview of the setting, its nations, peoples, points of interest, and related matters. You'll find no uber-NPCs within, very little history, and no epic plotlines. With the exception of a few adventures that were tied to locations on its maps, The World of Greyhawk didn't even get further supplements.
The setting was a gigantic canvas onto which great swaths of bright colors had been applied, but which was noticeably lacking in detail. If the referee wanted such detail, he had to make it up for himself, which is exactly what I did do. When I tell people that, as a kid, I played in a Greyhawk campaign, what I mean is that I played in a campaign that used the map from The World of Greyhawk and the sparse details I found in the accompanying folio. The specifics of that campaign bear minimal resemblance to what Greyhawk would become later, with its great wars, grand plans, and powerful NPCs. Mordenkainen? Tenser? Robilar? Who were they? They never appeared in my games except as names associated with spells or magic items. I'm not even sure I was cognizant of their connection to Greyhawk at the time. My Greyhawk was home to Morgan Just, Sir James Calvert, Theinburger the Thief, and Evro, among many others. They were the most important people in the Flanaess and it was they who stood against its worst villains: Severinus the Lich-Lord, Ragrak Troll-Born, and Ashad Raghul and his Black Brotherhood. If you've never heard of them, that's no surprise, since I made them all up, placing them within Greyhawk and using them in all manner of adventures that forever changed the face of the setting. My setting.
They say that brevity is the soul of wit, but it's also the soul of a good campaign setting product in my opinion. The best ones are those that provide referees with the broad strokes and allow all the detail work to be done later, as needed, by the referee as his campaign evolves. The World of Greyhawk did that for me as a young person and I'm forever greatful for that. Much as I've loved many later campaign setting products for their brilliant ideas, none has ever compared with that Darlene map and 32-page folio when it comes to utility in play -- a brilliant product whose like I'd dearly love to see again.
Labels: campaigns, greyhawk, gygax, retrospective
noisms March 11, 2009 at 1:52 AM
I never used Greyhawk, Forgotten Realms, or Krynn, because I always felt that coming up with vanilla fantasy settings was easy-peasy; why not invent my own pseudo-Middle Earth, rather than spend the money on somebody else's? That's why I prefer Planescape, Dark Sun and Spelljammer when it comes to D&D settings - I never would have thought up those by myself in a million years. Or maybe I would, but I never would have had the wherwithal to bring them to life.
That said, I definitely agree with you that the broad-brushstroke approach of the original Greyhawk is vastly superior to (say) the grotesque bloated monster of a thing that Forgotten Realms became.
Red Jason March 11, 2009 at 2:28 AM
I agree with noisms post completely. I much prefer Dark Sun,Planescape (and Eberron!), but I would rather play Greyhawk if I was looking for a vanilla fantasy game, which can be fun too. Once in a while.
I am glad they nuked the bloated Realms, the new one is much more interesting anyways.
Simon March 11, 2009 at 3:06 AM
I'm not familiar with the 1980 Greyhawk set, so I can't really judge its merits, but I've gained a new respect for Greyhawk since going back to the 1983 Greyhawk set and the pre-83 modules for my 'Greyhawk classics' campaign. I'm having fun with the old modules, but this post drives home to me the continued importance of sub-creation, of making stuff up. Stuff that feels natural to the setting and the feel I want for my campaign; which is planned to be very much 'low fantasy' and naturalistic in tone (we started with the Saltmarsh trilogy). This also reminds me to be wary of even reading the reams of online Greyhawkiana, never mind treating it as canon. A world where Saga of Old City can exist without Artifact of Evil. A world where Iggwilv perished after Graz'zt broke free, where Iuz is a puffed-up cambion, where the inherent vitality of the Aerdi will survive the reign of the corrupt Naelexi dynasty. A world without hordes of demons/devils/undead trashing everything.
Rob Kuntz March 11, 2009 at 7:32 AM
Greyhawk still stands as the best example then promoted on how to approach designing a world for those needing guides to such. It left everything open, slim histories, etc.
Just as EGG detailed how one might make a dungeon by including samples of such in the DMG. Not everyone has the time or inclination or creativity to make worlds; and some folks want therefore to get to the gist of playing and entertainment. Greyhawk allowed that, for play to take place immediately without too much crafting, and for adventures to be plugged into it to promote that play and the understanding, once all was said and done, of inspired design with all of its proposed elements. I know some people that would have never lifted a pen to create who were thereafter inspired to do so by starting out this way, so therein lies the setting's least talked about victory, so to speak: Many folks learned to _create_ from that world,
vanilla or not, makes no difference.
As always there is something to be gained by one or all in an inclusive
industry and mindset, and Greyhawk is certainly a sterling example of that.
Scott Crane March 11, 2009 at 7:44 AM
Sheesh, until this very morning as I read this, I had no idea that the copy of the WoGh folio that my older brother bought back in 1982 was MISSING the 32pg booklet. The one we got had 2 map sections and that was it. I always felt like it was kinda lame because it "didn't include" some kind of guidebook.
No doubt the contents were printed on the back of the folio, and we were just stupid.
metamorphosissigma March 11, 2009 at 7:58 AM
Not everyone has the time or inclination or creativity to make worlds; and some folks want therefore to get to the gist of playing and entertainment.
This was exactly my situation BITD. I've always been imaginative, but never especially creative. Also, being familiar with very little history and almost no fantasy literature (except LotR) when I was 11, the WoG gave me precisely enough detail to go on without ramming a bunch of unnecessary metaplot down my throat. I plugged in published modules and little tidbits of my own, and let the players determine the course of the campaign through their actions. It remains to this day the backdrop tacked up behind my sandbox (literally and figuratively).
As a side note on folio vs. 1983 box, I appreciated the extra material, although I'm sure it was superfluous for some DMs. I preferred using the Greyhawk gods over the "real world" gods in Deities & Demigods Cyclopedia, and the weather and wilderness encounter tables in the Glossography were nifty and useful, IMO.
The map in the original folio was the bomb, however. Printed on sturdier paper and slightly larger than that in the boxed set, I still use that one. Had it laminated, even.
Zachary Houghton March 11, 2009 at 9:08 AM
I am more familiar with the '83 Greyhawk, but it remains my favorite setting from TSR, hands down. I think its because there was very little to keep it from becoming *our* setting. And, oh, those maps!
Interesting point, in that being the first, Greyhawk's strength was in presenting the common denominators of fantasy to a broad audience. Modern setting products often spend a lot of their word count establishing how different they are from the concept of "vanilla fantasy," as an alternative to that elegant simplicity.
Robert Conley March 11, 2009 at 9:34 AM
I remember looking at the ad in Dragon Magazine and wondering what lands were around that odd shaped lake.
My first major AD&D campaigns were run in the World of Greyhawk. In someways my own Majestic Wilderlands represents marriage of what I loved about the Wilderlands and the original Greyhawk.
For high level detail the approach taken in the Folio was very good. Very much the same I take with my high level detail in Points of Light.
However as a practical gaming product I always had an issue with the howling emptiness of the 30 mile hex.
The first time I could come up some interesting encounter or locale. But by the Nth time it was getting old fast even with help from random tables. Which was why I gravitated over the Wilderlands.
If D&D had some travellesque method of generating campaign regions then it would have been a very different story.
QUOTE: "If D&D had some travellesque method of generating campaign regions then it would have been a very different story."
If I may be allowed, TSR, under the guidance of EGG as president and me as his co-DM of the Greyhawk Campaign and designer, were in the process back then of formulating many add-ons to the world which never came to light then due to the company's unfortunate "political" situation.
The majority of these ideas were to aimed at fleshing out regional areas, like the Wild Coast, for example. Others were an expansion of the religions with unique spells and such. In all more useful backdrops, information and areas to use and sculpt/add to at will. The idea for the regional expansions were to keep them as "history light" as possible,thus emulating the design style of the world and so not overbear one with what one person referred to in this subject as "metaplot". Unfortunately this never came to pass, so the world never equaled, in a sense, let's say, that of Tekumel, by MAR Barker, which I for one appreciated for all of its inspired framework and imaginative design. Certainly there is a limit to what one can or will use from a campaign game world, but if one keeps designing creative stuff with no fluff, well, I'm all for that.
Robert Conley March 11, 2009 at 11:02 AM
Thanks for the insight. If those regional modules came out probably I would continued to use Greyhawk. Even at the high school and college level I never had enough time to do prep. I loved the politics, and cultures of the setting and that carried into my Majestic Wilderlands.
To expand on the travelleresque comment. GDW presented the 3rd Imperium in a similar high level view.
While the Spinward Marches and Solomani Rim existed as products, the lack of specific detail was never a big issue because traveller had a nifty way of generating a lot of local detail quickly.
This meant that it was feasible for referees to support the vast feel of the Imperium on their own.
If D&D had a system for making regions then it wouldn't matter that Nyrond or one of the Ulek states didn't have anything. If the referee decided that where he wanted to set his campaign then the basic details were a few rolls and table look up at away.
Brutorz Bill March 11, 2009 at 1:15 PM
I'd like to hear more about Severinus the Lich-Lord, Ragrak Troll-Born, and Ashad Raghul and his Black Brotherhood!!!!
Delta March 11, 2009 at 3:14 PM
I agree with James.
When I got the '83 boxed set, of course at the time I felt it was a big improvement. But in later years I find that my hands have a much greater itch to lay hold of the Greyhawk folio, maps, and slim booklet. Again, the art seems more raw and vibrant to me in ways.
But moreover, what was it that really bulked up the '83 boxed set? You guessed it, all the new deities. Scattered through two books to hold all the info. At the time, I thought it was a great boon, but then it caused years of work trying to track down the ones that weren't detailed (Lakofka's), match up the differences in presentation, etc.
My personal flaw, to be sure. But ultimately it was again those damned clerics, and the enormity of the work trying to patch over how painfully little sense they make in D&D, that caused this unnecessary bulking up of the product.
To summarize: Yay slim Greyhawk folio. Just enough to provide a sketchy backdrop and kick-start the DM into doing useful creations for his or her personal campaign.
Toasty March 11, 2009 at 3:49 PM
Oh wow, Blast of Nostalgia -- 3d10 dam, no save.
James Maliszewski March 11, 2009 at 4:33 PM
Interesting point, in that being the first, Greyhawk's strength was in presenting the common denominators of fantasy to a broad audience.
Gaming has long been prone to the cult of novelty and I think that perspective too easily overlooks the appeal of common denominators well presented. That's the genius of The World of Greyhawk IMO and the source of its lasting appeal.
It's on my list of "Things to Do." :)
Severinus the Lich-Lord was a Suloise lich (my Suloise was Greco-Roman in culture, roughly) who tried to re-establish the Suel Imperium by reclaiming lots of magical artifacts from the Sea of Dust.
Regrak Troll-Born was a half-troll (he was big, strong, had green skin, and regenerated) Snow Barbarian who did his best Genghis Khan impersonation and tried to unite the barbarians against the Great Kingdom and other southern lands.
Ashad Raghul was a Baklunish Great Grandfather of Assassins (16th level), who formed a secret society called the Black Brotherhood, which was dedicated to Tharizdun. Imagine a fantasy version of Hashisheen mixed with Cthulhu cultists and you won't be far off.
Anthony March 11, 2009 at 9:43 PM
Bravo. I loved that original "pee-chee folder" Greyhawk setting, too. It's minimal details and toss-off facts were just enough for me to create the world I wanted. When later products finally came out (especially "Greyhawk Wars," or whatever it was) I didn't need or want them, since "my own private Greyhawk" had gone in very different directions. I still remember the adventures my PCs had as agents of the Baron of Ratik in his desperate struggle to hang on.
Oh, and I loved that map too, even with the rivers that began in the middle of nowhere. ;)
Dang, now you've really got me all nostalgic.
jdh417 March 12, 2009 at 1:01 AM
I once owned this set. The maps were a work of art, inspiring daydream after daydream. Little pictures over the Internet really don't do them justice. The booklet, unfortunately inspired next to nothing out of me. I appreciate that there wasn't a bunch of heavy timelines, continuity, or powerful NPC's, but I would have liked some adventure hooks, rather than just flat listings of populations and standing armies. (Like reading the Census.) Just selling the maps would have been a better option.
richard March 12, 2009 at 1:28 AM
James, this is the epitome of the bizarre review you occasionally indulge in, in which you tell us how much you appreciate what was left out, and almost nothing about what was put in. Strangely we know what you're talking about.
I had the '83 Greyhawk, and got the map mounted on a lightweight board so it could hang in my room, but I never learned anything from the book: I think it might just be a matter of which writing style one finds appealing.
I used to spend a lot of time staring at that map, especially the freakishly deep lake dead centre. I wondered what wedge-shaped bit of land had been lifted off the world to leave such a geometrical hole. Now I live next door to a freakishly deep lake and I no longer find it as improbable as I did then.
richard:
"I wondered what wedge-shaped bit of land had been lifted off the world to leave such a geometrical hole"
The Isles of Woe, of course! :)
Faux Europe, I think is a bit harsh. Greyhawk was many things but Faux Europe, it was not. I would rather say it was a Mirror Europe (even the map is the map of Europe drawn backwards). In typical Gygaxian fashion, Gary took familar tropes and inverted them for his setting. True in the early years, he played with all forms of heroic fantasy but I think as he matured/aged Greyhawk became a default home and he wished flesh it out from both his own adventuring tales (whether he was a player or DM) or just the process of codifying D&D into AD&D. This came to an appex with the Gord novels...and sadly Greyhawk almost stopped there...but some 2nd Edition products remain to Gary's original path.
The problem we may never know. When Gary was kicked out of TSR and told that he cannot use any of its IP save what could be sanctioned by the suits. He moved on. At FanExpo, he lamented how Greyhawk was not what he created...which was more Newton rather than Neutron blasted heath that came into being. This is not to say that Mona & co. did not do a good job but it lacked the continuity that From the Ashes seemed to posses and Return to Castle Greyhawk (I would like to see what they had to do to compromise to get that approved).
Greyhawk lives on but all to often it gets diluted with each edition of the rules. Till now, when the unofficial Greyhawk fanzine looks nothing like the Gary's world that we all fell in love with becoming indeed just another Faux Europe.
Rob Kuntz March 12, 2009 at 4:07 PM
Regarding Referee's poignant and incisive remarks: I concur. But Greyhawk lives on not only in spirit, not only through its fans, but through its biggest fan and original co-DM.
Be looking for more of it from my pen.
Pray tell more Lord Robilar will the rules be in OD&D or that which shall not be mentioned (3-4e).
You are probably right...the problem with the fan memory is that it is becoming more and more fragmented. If you thought something was good in one edition, it eventually makes it way into one's Campaign. I remember trying to run Dragonlance in the Flanness** (with suitable modifications) but Dragonlance goes against everything that Greyhawk stood for...which was a High Magic Sword & Sorcery campaign...I would be tempted to call it Heroic Fantasy but I think that as I said applied to the early days when things ran wild & loose.
**Thank the Gods, I did not publish these ideas back then...but it was fun for the players to go on this epic LOTR quest.
Thanks for the info on Severinus and co. I may just have to borrow them for my next Campaign!
Referee: I don't think I should co-opt the thread here anymore than I have. I appreciate Jame's blog immensely and the time he has devoted to keep it a neutral area in which to meet and exchange POVs.
Greyhawk is close to my heart as is 1st Edition. Hell, EGG and I used to use the old Outdoor Survival board to do outdoor adventures for the longest time, for both of our merged campaigns then. Darlene's map was a god-send after that, as well as being a beauty, just like her. :)
James Maliszewski March 13, 2009 at 9:02 AM
That's why I love my readers so much :)
Faux Europe, I think is a bit harsh.
I didn't intend it as a criticism. My point was that it's a setting filled with feudal states that have (largely) believable societies and whose variety nicely reflects the variety of the European Middle Ages.
I don't think I should co-opt the thread here anymore than I have.
Please feel free, although some of this might make a good series of posts over at Lord of the Green Dragons.
Lulu Contest Update
Demihuman Oddities
Pulp Fantasy Library: The Eyes of the Overworld
Art of the Old School Announcement
Busy, Busy
On the Loss of D&D's Endgame
Free Ads in Knockspell #2
I May Not Be a Wargamer ...
Happy Maryland Day
Retrospective: City State of the Invincible Overlord
Pondering a Revamp
"We're #2!"
Another Cool Map
Imaro Update
Pulp Fantasy Library: Imaro
Pondering Conan the Barbarian
S&W Psionics, Part II
REVIEW: Dungeonaday.com
Slow Day
Yet More on Wargames
More on Wargames
Final Megadungeon Update
Retrospective: Dungeon Master's Screen
S&W Psionics, Part I
Fight On! #4 in PDF
Fame and Fortune
More Megadungeon Help
Pulp Fantasy Library: Tros of Samothrace
I Need Rumors and Random Encounters
Yet More Megadungeon News
In Praise of Call of Cthulhu
Words from the Past
Alternate Histories
REVIEW: El Raja Key's Arcane Treasury
If this be madness ...
Some Megadungeon Details
Size Does Matter
Speaking of Artwork ...
Upcoming Review Change
Monte Cook is Cool
More Megadungeon Details
Swords & Wizardry Second Printing Now Available
The Megadungeon Takes Shape
Pulp Fantasy Library: The Legion of Space
Rival Adventurers
Megadungeon Background
Old School Megadungeon Update
Modern Oddity
Don Quixote Rides Again
A Vote of Confidence
Retrospective: The Keep on the Borderlands
Fight On! Issue 4 Released
Dungeonaday
REVIEW: Original Edition Options - Paladin, Cavali...
GM's Day Sale
Gygaxian Unnaturalism
My Least Favorite OD&D Supplement
Casimir Pulaski Day
Pulp Fantasy Library: Saga of Old City

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
ARTnews Est. 1902
Travel with ARTnews
Archaeological Finding Points to Previously Unseen Connections Between Ancient Mesoamerican Civilizations
By Claire Selvin
Claire Selvin
Associate Editor, ARTnews
More Stories by Claire
Ancient Mayan ruins in Tikal. Sipa via AP Images
A recent archaeological finding in the ancient Mayan city-state of Tikal in Guatemala may reveal new links between the Mayan and Teotihuacan civilizations. According to a report by National Geographic, researchers in Tikal have uncovered a building complex that reflects the architectural style of the ancient city of Teotihuacan, which was located near Mexico City, over 800 miles from Tikal.
National Geographic reports that the structure, which includes a pyramid and an enclosed courtyard, is believed to be a scaled-down replica of the Teotihuacan Citadel.
"We knew that the Teotihuacanos had at least some presence and influence in Tikal and nearby Maya areas prior to the year 378," Edwin Román-Ramírez, the director of the South Tikal Archaeological Project, whose research has yielded evidence of Teotihuacan objects, weapons, and burials in Tikal, told the publication. "But it wasn't clear whether the Maya were just emulating aspects of the region's most powerful kingdom. Now there's evidence that the relationship was much more than that."
[Read about some of the most significant archaeological findings of the 2010s.]
"What we've found suggests that for more than a century people who were at least very familiar with Teotihuacan culture and traditions were living there in their own colony, a sector distinct in identity and practicing the religion of Teotihuacan," Román-Ramírez added.
The newly uncovered complex, which was analyzed using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology, predates the year 378, during which there was a Teotihuacan conquest and takeover of Tikal. Many of the details surrounding this sudden invasion are unknown, but ongoing research focuses on shedding light on the relationship between the two civilizations.
Major KAWS Exhibition Opens at the Serpentine and on…
John Sainsbury, Supermarket Magnate Who Transformed…
Dustin Hoffman Is Auctioning Off the 1949 Buick Roadmaster From 'Rain Man'


click and see a two minute animated film, which will introduce you to the fabulous CHICKENS SUIT® world.
virtual chicken dressed in all the different CHICKENS SUITS® we have created so far, joyfully wiggle waggle through a city. the CHICKENS SUIT® song was written and performed by the COSMIC EGGS, a music trio (giacco pojero, nino vetri and marc de dieux ) from palermo/sicily . the song was performed with means of real instruments only - no electronics involved - and perfectly mimics "the chickens voice".
get Erni The Film right here.


Originally released in 2011, the first collaboration between producers Monster Rally (Los Angeles) and RUMTUM (Denver) was only available digitally and on a limited run of cassettes. This expanded and remastered edition, including three new tracks from the original sessions, is finally available on vinyl. Mastered by Nick Carden at The Blue Room (Oakland, California).


Why You Should Consider El Gouna for your next vacation?
If you have never been to France before, your desire to visit this country known by its breathtaking charm, will last until you find yourself between its arms.
Our world is getting into a paradise where, wherever you go, you will have the choice between the most beautiful attractions and the greatest places to be in.


text:
Q: Logger.log(cell.indexOf() always showing -1 I am using a function that fetches values from a range, for this example ["red", "blue", "green"]
function readDataFromRange() {
  var sheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
  var range = sheet.getRange("A:A");
  var cell = range.getValues();

  Logger.log(cell[2]);
  Logger.log(cell.length);
  Logger.log(cell.indexOf("green"));

}

this is the result
Execution log

3:23:17 AM  Notice  Execution started
3:23:17 AM  Info    [green]
3:23:17 AM  Info    1000.0
3:23:17 AM  Info    -1.0
3:23:17 AM  Notice  Execution completed

although at index 2 it shows green
if ask the index of green it shows -1
and same goes for red and blue
any idea why this is happening ?


text:
Added on September 14, 2021 KI News
Lt Governor greets Engineering fraternity on Engineers' Day
Srinagar: Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha has greeted the Engineering fraternity on the birth anniversary of Sir M. Visvesvaraya celebrated as Engineers' Day.
Paying tributes to the Father of Indian Engineering, Bharat Ratna, Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, the Lt Governor said that Engineers are the architect of modern world, who transform ideas into reality.
The vision and dedication of Sir M. Visvesvaraya, continues to inspire new generation of engineers to contribute to the ever-changing world through cutting-edge innovations, which can transform lives of the people. We should always remember the contribution of pioneers of science and engineering who laid the foundation of modern India, observed the Lt Governor.
"It is high time we realized the significance of modern education, the study of science and engineering, and promotion of scientific temper among students," the Lt Governor said.
"Hon'ble Prime Minister Narendra Modi with his undeterred resolve is pushing for a new India, Aatmanirbhar Bharat. I call upon the Engineering fraternity to rise to the call of the Prime Minister and steer our nation to become self-reliant," the Lt Governor added.
KI News
Kashmir Images is an English language daily newspaper published from Srinagar (J&K), India. The newspaper is one of the largest circulated English dailies of Kashmir and its hard copies reach every nook and corner of Kashmir Valley besides Jammu and Ladakh region.


text:
Thursday Music News
Local Music, Daily Roundups
Janice Headley
photo by Amber Zbitnoff (view set)
Scottish group Young Fathers took the Barclaycard Mercury Prize yesterday with their debut album, Dead, beating out artists like Damon Albarn and FKA Twigs. The winner is selected each year by a panel of UK music critics and industry figures. Watch the band perform LIVE in the KEXP studios back in May of this year: [Pitchfork]
Just in time for Halloween: PJ Harvey covers the ominous track "Red Right Hand" by her former paramour, Nick Cave. (Yes! The two dated back in the mid-'90s.) Harvey's rendition was recorded exclusively for the second series of BBC TV show Peaky Blinders. Listen below, and listen to KEXP all day tomorrow, on Halloween, as one of our DJs will surely spin either version of this classic creepy track: [Consequence of Sound]
Speaking of Nick Cave, this Saturday, Austin City Limits will air an episode he and the Bad Seeds recorded for them over the summer. Today, the show shares Cave's web exclusive performance of "Stagger Lee." Keep track of all of the television musical highlights with KEXP's TV Eye column. [Under the Radar]
East coast punks Big Ups won us over with their debut album, Eighteen Hours Of Static, and today they share a track from an upcoming 7" single. Check out the track "Not Today" below. The single, a split with Brooklyn band Washer, comes out 11/18 on Exploding In Sound. [Stereogum]
Seattle band Stickers share the video for their track "Sacajawea," a highlight from their debut release, Swollen, out now on End Of Time records. Directed by drummer Emily Denton, the clip shows the band in dreamy close-up. Check it out below. Stickers play this Saturday, November 1st at Barboza with Pissed Jeans. [Cultist]
Friday Music News
Happy Halloween, everyone! In the spirit of scaring, Arcade Fire has shared a 20-minute horror film called Festi, which takes place during their 2011 tour. As they celebrate lead singer Win Butler's birthday, the band deals with the frightening curse of the infamous 27 Club. An entire slew of ce...
Community Partnerships Local Music Audioasis
KEXP Presents: Audioasis Community Partnership & Benefit Show 11/1
This Saturday, November 1st, KEXP's Audioasis Community Partnerships Concert features local hip-hop acts Gifted Gab, Hightek Lowlives, and Nu Era. They'll bring the beats to the Vera Project for an all-ages show to benefit East African Community Services. East African Community Services prepares...
Wednesday Music News
Last night, Beck stopped by Conan to perform the beautiful track "Waking Light" off his most recent release, Morning Phase. Watch below, and keep up with all the late-night highlights with KEXP's TV Eye column. [Pitchfork]
Live Around Town This Week


1010 Block Logic is a new version of classic puzzle block game with unique colors and colorful cubes, with unique mode and unique trend, and four seasons style also! You wouldn't be so tired of the same old endless mode ! These attractive cubes will bring you all the novel feeling!


Last weekend, Andrea and I went on our first adult vacation in about 2 years together. We are very lucky to have Grandpa and Grandma Vernon so close to us and while we were gone, Grandma Alice stayed at our house and took care of the kids, made sure Connor got to and from school as well as to soccer.
It was great to know that our kids were in good hands and we appreciate it so much.
Grandma Alice got a lesson in how to spike Connor's hair just right as well as how to put Paige's hair up in a ponytail with a bow. Grandma let Sissy get a little carried away with picking out bows! When we got home, Paige had THREE bows and ponytails. I had to get a picture. It was pretty wild and pretty cute.
This past week, Grandma and Grandpa also picked up Connor and Paige on Wednesday evening and took them to a pumpkin patch nearby. They played on the playground, rode the hay ride, played with the animals in the petting zoo and had a good time together.


Ethambutol hydrochloride is a primary antitubercular agent, which inhibits the synthesis of metabolites resulting in impairment of cell metabolism, arrest of multiplication, and ultimately cell death. Ethambutol is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infection. It comes from Tablet form. know about Combutol dosage, side effects, price, uses, what is ethambutol drug.
Ethambutol tablets belongs to a collection of drugs called antimycobacterial antibiotics. Ethambutol is an antibiotic that stops the growth of the tuberculous bacteria in the body. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections. Using any antibiotic when it is not required can cause it to not work for future infections. This medicine is never used alone, but always with another medication.
When is Combutol 200 mg Prescribed?
Combutol 200 mg is an antibiotic that reduces the bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB). It is commonly used in combination with other drugs to treat tuberculosis. Ethambutol tablets can also be provided to treat Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) infection.
How does Ethambutol tablets work?
Ethambutol tablets works by preventing the bacteria that cause this disease from growing and increasing in numbers. There are two levels in the treatment for tuberculosis (TB). In the first two months treatment is aimed at killing as many bacteria as possible. After this time some of the medications are stopped, and the others are continued to kill any remaining bacteria. The bacteria that cause TB are difficult to handle. By using different medicines at the same time, the bacteria can be targeted in different ways, and hence treatment is more likely to be effective than using a single drug.
Take Combutol Medication by mouth with or without food, normally once daily and as directed by your physician. Ethambutol tablets may sometimes be taken twice weekly. The dosage is based on your age, weight, medical condition, and response to treatment. For the best effect, take this antibiotic at evenly spaced times. To help you remember, take Ethambutol medication at the same times every day. Discontinuing the medication too early or skipping doses may allow the bacteria to continue to grow, which may result in a return of the infection and cause the disease to be more difficult to treat (resistant). Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.
What Precautions need to take before using Ethambutol Tablets?
Before taking Combutol 200 mg, tell your doctor if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems.
Combutol 200 may be risky to use during pregnancy. Animal studies have shown adverse effects on the foetus; however, there are limited human studies. The benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk. Please advise your physician.
Combutol has been detected in human breast milk. Because of the possibility for adverse reactions in nursing infants from ethambutol, a choice should be made whether to stop the use of this medication.
Ethambutol Tablets may cause harmful effects on the kidney. If you feel it's having any such effect, then stop taking this drug, and restart only on your doctor's recommendation.
An organ can be affected by Combutol. If you feel any unwanted effects of Ethambutol Tablets, stop taking it. You should retake it only after medical advice.
Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses. Do not change the dose or stop this drug.
If you take too much ethambutol tablets, seek emergency medical attention right away.
Q. Is it safe to drive or operate heavy machinery when consuming?
Yes, you can easily use machinery or drive after taking Combutol since it will not make you feel sleepy.
Q. Does Ethambutol induce hyperuricemia?
Yes. Increase in blood levels of uric acid is a side effect of Ethambutol tablets. It grows the retention of uric acid in the body by decreasing the excretion of urates (uric acid) by the kidneys.
Ethambutol tablets can cause serious vision problems or irreversible vision loss. You may not be capable to take this medicine if you have an eye problem. You should not take ethambutol medication if you are allergic to it.
Ethambutol tablet is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Do not confuse it with chemotherapy or chemo drugs used for the treatment of cancer.
Why buy Combutol 200 mg from AllDayGeneric?
Authenticity: We only sell authentic Combutol 200 mg, manufactured by Lupin Ltd at a plant in India. A valid licensed Indian pharmacist dispenses all medications sold by AllDayGeneric.


text:
words >
jessica ison
anthony lagunda
kara asuncion
anonymous: van ness ave
cameron gonzales
catherine jovez
vannalee cayabyab
christen irel tamisin
nicole osorio
andrea montano
katrina orizonte
kimi villaroman
kim somebang
drew watson
pictures >
seanne javier
dave ivan cruz
megan alejandrino
ethan de leon
dana aika miranda
franco st. john-silva
bianca nuñez
victoria le
wesley sosa
kristopher caesar lebantino
saira singh
jaime barrairo
filah team
PIECES FROM:
KARA ASUNCION
The sand felt like little ants crawling between her toes. She ran, feet plunking into the seashore, ready to dive into the great blue. Ready to disappear. The waves made her body sway, and she liked feeling out of control. She liked that no one was there to hold her or talk to her, just a faceless entity strong enough to stop a city, moving her to its own beat.
Janae Williams felt the agony of sitting in class, pen in hand, but nothing good to say. Everyone around her was scribbling words on their papers like they were born for this type of thing, and she sat, completely clueless.
The close reading questions in front of her blurred on the page. Fake it till' you make it, her mom would say, but she couldn't find it in herself to focus, to read, to write, to think. Her mother was gone. Her eyes began to burn at the thought.
She gazed out of the window watching the early rays of the sun glint off the dew drops glistening on the grass. Those drops would be gone within the hour, they would rise into the air, and return as rain. They would water the earth, grow crops, quench thirst. Their purpose was monumental, yet she couldn't even write one word without wishing for her mother's guiding hand.
"Janae," she glanced up, heart beating slightly faster, "Any thoughts on question one?"
She looked down at her blank paper.
Everyone's eyes were trained on her, heads swiveled towards her to gauge her response, eyes burned into the back of her head. She could feel everything. Were they thinking about her mother too? Janae shook her head.
Her teacher sighed. "Would anyone like to share?"
One person, two people, three—she didn't know, she couldn't count—raised their hands, and their answers all blurred together in her mind. Ms. Brandon jumped back into the lesson, and her thoughts drifted away once again, barely within her reach.
Seconds turned into minutes and minutes turned into hours and one could only hope that the days would blur too. But time passed, class ended, and life grew completely unavoidable.
The school bell's ring shocked her ears, and she was brought back to the living, breathing society of high school. Janae hated being among the living, ever since her mother died. Two months, 19 days, and 21 hours. She didn't want to remember, didn't want to keep count, but it was the default of her mind. How long has it been? How long will it take? Her father was Humpty Dumpty, every day he fell off the bridge and she had to piece him back together. His grief was nothing like her own. He had lost a lover, and she a confidant, a loving creator. She pulled her frizzing hair into a bun and made her way out of the classroom, her body already heading toward the entrance of the school. People bustled around her, fiddling with their lockers or rushing to the cafeteria to be first in line for food. She wasn't hungry. And she didn't want to be around people any longer. What she longed for, was space from the world. Why did she have to go back to school anyway?
You've missed too much already, Jay. I know it's hard, but you have to continue, her dad had said just a few days ago. A few days and she was already ditching class because she couldn't handle the quick pace of teenagers. She didn't want to see students getting picked up from school by their mothers, or hear people exchanging jokes in the hallways.
It hurt.
To hear them laugh, to see happiness glistening like stars in their eyes, to see the genuine smile she felt she could no longer give. It hurt to be reminded of how hard her mother used to make her laugh with those silly phrases of hers. Your father looks like he's going to combust if he takes another bite, she'd joked once at the dinner table, earning a seething glare from Dad.
Oh, and her mother's laugh was the best. Loud and rambunctious, the usual snort included here and there. Her mouth would open wide and her teeth would shine against her dark skin. Just thinking of that laugh made Janae smile sadly.
Mom? Where are you? I miss you.
"Girl!" Janae saw Jenna moving toward her, forcing a path through the crowded hallway.
Janae looked at her through heavy lidded eyes and her lips didn't quirk as they usually would at Jenna's growing afro, her giant circular glasses, dressed straight out of the 80s.
"I'm leaving," was all Janae said. She didn't bother to grab her textbooks from her locker, she didn't even bother to look Jenna in the eye before turning away. She couldn't bear the confusion she would see there, the sadness, and then the confidence. Jenna thought she was a bandage. She always made it her mission to solve every problem. Right now, Janae was her problem — a friend struck down by grief, who needed help getting back up.
She remembered those weeks after the accident. They were in the ice-cream shop just a block from her house. There was silence, until Jenna opened her mouth.
You gotta keep smiling Jay, just do the things that make you happy.
You don't get it. You can't. Just leave me alone. Janae had thrown the ice-cream Jenna had bought her into the trash and walked out of the shop. She thought she could throw their friendship away with the cone, but here Jenna was, the most determined best friend there ever was.
"Wait! Janae, it's barely lunch." Janae felt the shake in Jenna's voice, she felt Jenna's desire to see her friend healed. She knew Jenna was likely pushing up her glasses, thinking, thinking, thinking. What do I do? How do I help? She ignored her and walked out of the school.
It was a Tuesday afternoon when 8-year old Jenna had walked up to 8-year old Janae and asked, "Do you want to play handball with me?"
Janae had reluctantly agreed to play with the tall girl she thought looked too old to be waltzing around her school. She'd taken one look at her beaded braids and crooked smile and decided she would make a friend because you never knew where friendship could lead. That's what her mother always said.
Jenna always hit the ball so that it went over Janae's head, and Janae thought that was unfair. The girl was much taller than she was, which meant there wouldn't really be a chance at winning. But Jenna's tall agility was encouraging, and Janae found that she liked watching the girl, liked seeing the girl's face filled with determination, unaffected by the glare of the sun against her glasses. It made her want to do something great. They were giggling like rascals when two boys came up to them and claimed that they were using their handball court.
Jenna shrugged. "Look, there's one over there." She pushed up her glasses and was readying her arm for another swing when,
"We want this one, duh." The boy crossed his arms while his friend took a stance beside him, like a tiny bodyguard.
"Duh yourself, I said there is one over there. We were here first." Janae had decided in that moment, watching Jenna's slim face scrunch up in confusion and growing frustration, that she would never let her go. They would be together forever, two girls fighting for whatever they wanted.
The boy stepped forward, but Janae was quick to hop into his way. "Go away. We were here first," she muttered.
He pushed her. It hadn't been a real push, more like a small shove at her shoulder. Janae had barely budged but Jenna was on him. Jenna in all of her tall and lithe beauty shoved him back with all of her might, so hard he fell onto the other boy. Before they could even react, Jenna grabbed her wrist and off they went. They ran past the playground, past the classrooms, all the way to the overgrown field where they would stay until their parents picked them up, laughing and conjuring up stories from their imaginations. They became best friends that day.
She was at the beach again, she was staring at the horizon, how far it was and how close it felt. Janae lounged on her back, grabbing fistfuls of the warm sand, and then letting it slide across her palms, filling the gaps under her nails. She knew there would be sand in her hair, and she knew what a pain it would be to wash it out later. The sound of crashing waves was worth every extra second spent in the shower. The feel of the sun beaming down on her. She imagined fish, swimming in those deep depths, able to see in the dark, free to explore the unexplored. Maybe she would be a fish too one day, flipping about, meandering through the corals, saying hello to Ariel and King Triton whenever she stopped by Atlantis.
She saw her mother, sun-bathing on the beach with giant sunglasses, not a care in the world. She saw her holding her small wrist, guiding her chubby feet into the water. She told her that the ocean was her friend, and that it would carry her to all parts of the world, wherever she wanted to go. In that same memory, Janae and her mother were lounging on the living room floor, bodies bent over a map of the world. Her mother had guided her little hands over the faded blue coloring, the one beauty in the world that connected everyone. It was that faceless entity, that made her feel both close and distant. She reached out her hand, as if trying to take hold of the salty water, trying to grab the ocean's hand and let it guide her to its heart. But then she heard her mother's voice, always reminding, always knowing. Don't you have homework to do?
The minute she turned the lock to her house, she remembered what she had been waiting for. When she stepped into the house, she knew her dad had remembered too. He gave her a great big hug. Her dad, who had only left his room for work and the food she forced him to eat.
"You got in!" You got in. She saw the big envelope, she saw her name printed on the front of it. From Harvard University. You got in. The memory hit her like a punch to the stomach.
She remembered coming home one evening to her mother typing furiously on her laptop, sprawled across the couch, constantly pushing up her glasses as they slipped down her tilted nose. "Janae, you should apply to Harvard."
"Girl, because it's Harvard!" Janae had cocked a brow at her mother, and her mother had looked at her and laughed that loud, wonderful laugh. Her teeth gleamed under the living room lights and Janae couldn't help but giggle along. There was always room for laughter with her mother, always room for mischief and mystery.
Her dad was in the kitchen, cooking up whatever concoction he'd found online. She remembered how her mother had made room when she'd slumped down beside her, how her mother somehow read her insecurity straight from her eyes and said, "Come on, let's do it together," her excitement bubbling at the prospect of her daughter receiving a college education. They'd started that night, had even allowed her father to chime in with his questionable suggestions. She didn't know much about Harvard, and the only reason she'd written out that application was because her mother had asked her to.
Suddenly she was back, glimpsing her mother's smile in a frame, wishing that her warm body was there to embrace her, feeling her loss more than ever.
She stared hard at the envelope and the tears came faster than the shock. Dad, she was saying, Daddy. She began to cry in her father's arms, feeling the nostalgia hit her in the back of her throat. She saw an image of her mother walking through the door right that moment, a smile exploding over her face, her body beginning to move into a giddy hop, the happiness and pride at seeing her daughter's acceptance into a higher education. But it wasn't real, she'd never see that smile on her mother's face, never feel her excitement radiating like sunlight into those around her.
"I know," he whispered, "She would be so happy—" a pause, and then "We will get through this, Jay, I promise." Janae heard the determination fall into his voice, as if it wasn't quite sure it wanted to be there. She felt his arms tighten around her—her father, who had relied on his two girls, had found his happiness through them. Her father who had driven her to the movies instead of school one day because he knew she was stressed, her father who loved to cook, but didn't know how to, who was a human being broken by the loss of his beautiful wife. Somehow this letter, it meant more to him than it may ever mean to her, it was a parent's pride, their success found in their children. She would never understand what he felt, but her arms tightened impossibly around his waist.
"Jay! Janae!" She could already hear the acceptance letter in Jenna's voice. She could hear the excitement, she could see Jenna hopping up and down in the middle of her living room, Jenna's mother screaming as though the sky was finally raining men. She saw Jenna's father, giving a curt nod, secret pride brimming in his hard stare. She saw beauty in that picture, joy and pride and beauty. It was there, just within her reach, but it wasn't hers.
She felt a hand on her shoulder and quickly turned toward that ever-beaming face. "I didn't get in, okay?" she snapped. Lie.
Jenna's face scrunched. "What, but I was sure—"
"Well, I didn't." The shock was apparent in Jenna's face, she looked as though she were ready to fold in on herself. Through all of the pain, the envy, the disgust, she felt a tinge of guilt weigh heavy in her chest. Janae wasn't sure why she lied, maybe she just wasn't ready to be happy about something yet. Not when every time she smiled, she was reminded that her mother wasn't there to smile with her. The beach, the ocean, the waves, it was the one place she felt truly at home. It promised her adventure, a journey that might lead to her mother. Janae kept her face neutral.
"Congratulations. I knew you'd get in." Janae said as she looked away. She wanted to smell salt in the air, she wanted to look at her feet through the rushing water, she wanted to be in her father's arms.
"Janae I—" Jenna started, but Janae couldn't predict what she was going to say, and the possibility of it being pity made her cringe.
"Look, we don't have to talk about it," she muttered. And that was all. The rest of the walk toward their lockers was made in silence. Silence seemed to be the new foundation of their relationship. Janae wondered if it was because of her. She wondered if the grief made Jenna uncomfortable, and she waited for the day when Jenna would stop calling her, or smiling at her, or talking to her. It was all too much, and she hated it. She hated that she couldn't laugh without feeling guilty, or that she couldn't predict when she would feel like herself again.
She could see the future: Jenna gone, making new friends, stressing over college classes and then acing them, discovering Boston without the girl who was never able to move on. She saw herself still floating in limbo, packing for college, disappointing her father, failing her mother. She would make friends, she had to. Maybe join a club or some program to distract her, to help her move past all of this. It was like a huge, ginormous weight. Harvard. A bright path was ready to be walked upon, and yet her lips did not form a happy smile, her heart did not swell with pride at her acceptance, the empty look in her eye did not change.
When they sat down for lunch, Janae saw Jenna's eyes fixed on the table, and that tinge of guilt made her heart twist in shame for not speaking to her friend, for not wanting to speak. She knew there was nothing she could explain, there was nothing she could say other than I'm sorry. It made her want to pull her hair out. She wanted to be kind, she didn't want her next words to feel forced. For she had just lost her mother, and she felt that she did not have room in her heart for courtesy.
"Jenna," she watched her bite into her favorite peanut-butter and jelly sandwich, watched her look away, which she only did when she was trying to hide how she felt.
"Jenna, look, I didn't mean to snap at you." She began, twisting her hands sheepishly, hoping her friend could still look at her the same. Jenna's eyes scanned her own and suddenly Janae felt self-conscious, continuing, "I just haven't been feeling well, I—"
Jenna looked pointedly at her friend. "Jay, there's no need to explain. I understand."
Janae's hope was quickly diminished by the rising frustration she felt again. She looked at Jenna, as she chomped on her PB&J, as she adjusted her glasses, waved at a friend passing by. She would never understand. Not ever. Janae could never make her understand, and that was the worst part. Janae looked down at her clasped hands, feeling out of place, angry, and selfish all at the same time. She would not cry at the lunch table. She would not.
One night her mother was driving, and then she wasn't. She was flying, the car tumbling through the air, crashing to the ground, and that was it. Drunk driver. They were all in the hospital, gathered around her dying mother, when a woman approached Janae, an extended family member she occasionally saw at parties. Hold her hand, she'd beckoned, taking Janae's wrist, hold your mother as she goes.
The little restraint she'd had burst into dying embers. She wanted nothing more than to rip her arm from the woman's grasp and shove her away, she didn't want to be in that hospital, she didn't want to do anything. Janae had backed away from the woman as if she were a viper and retreated into her father's arms. That memory plagued her in her dreams. The image of her mother's pale face, the false liveliness situated in her mother's final moments before the casket closed forever.
She went straight to the beach after school, just barely making it through an entire day without bursting. Hours upon hours spent staring into that sparkling surface, drawing patterns in the sand, thinking about everything she wished weren't true. She decided then that the ocean would be her resting place. She didn't know when her time would come, or how or why, but it would be her final request, to be set free into a familiar yet unknown world. Her soul would be lost in the crash of the waves, the seagulls call, the sway. She could lay in the sand for the rest of her life, so close to her mother, so far from her life, and a wave away from destruction.
Why don't you ever go out? You've got spunk, you've got love, you've got life, go out and do something, her mother's voice echoed.
Janae was such a home-body. Most of the time, she didn't want to be with anyone other than her family. She hated that she hadn't been with her mother that night. She hated that she hadn't sensed death in the air, that she wasn't a character from a book that could see danger and react just as fast. Would she worry every time her father left the house? Would her heart thunder in the minutes that passed while she thought of every horrible scenario possible? She must be cursed. Destined to fear who would be next, to live in the thought of losing another.
The only escape was distraction. Something snapped in her.
She'd heard from a friend that there was a party happening that night. She was going. And she would have fun. It was somewhere on a local college campus she might've gone to, and she hoped this would be a cliché: grieving girl gets drunk at college party and re-discovers her purpose in the world. Of course, it could always be: grieving girl wakes up with massive hangover and intensified depression. Excellent. She was going to this party alone, just as she wanted to be.
It was a jumping party, music spilling out of the doors and windows and cracks. "Come on in!" someone yelled to her. Inside, the music made her body thrum and she was excited to really be somewhere she didn't have to worry about anything. Not Jenna, not college, not even herself.
Before she knew it, her face felt warm, and she wasn't feeling the pumping beat of the song that played. She stepped out into the darkened backyard, grateful for the cool night air. Looking up at the stars was like looking at a map written in a different language, but for a moment she saw her mother's face smiling down at her. She saw her eyes twinkling as two stars in a vast and unknown sky. Despite the music, the sound of her mother's laugh on the wind coaxed tears to her eyes. Her mother's warm voice was there, it's okay, it's okay to cry.
The backyard was big and she could hear the trees swaying, almost like the ocean's waves brushing against the shore. The blue midnight was so palpable, she thought she could cup it in her hands. She felt the warm earth beneath her, and heard the ocean's call echoing in her memories as she stared at stars that reminded her of the dazzling light now gone from her life. And although the loud party continued only a few yards away, she did not hear the music, or feel the energy pulsing from the dancers, she only knew the tumble of emotions that pierced her heart.
Was this what it felt like to drown?
Leaning her head against the rough wood of a thick trunk, she closed her eyes as the breeze caressed her bare neck. She let herself give into that vulnerability, and tried to imagine herself as a girl who hadn't a single worry. She didn't know what she wanted, didn't know the real reason why she had lied to Jenna, her best friend, her sister. She didn't even know what she wanted to be, who she wanted to be, who she was, when she was, why she was, where she was. She took a shuddering breath and willed the tears away. This had to pass, this emotional mountain she was falling down had to end somewhere. She just hoped that somewhere wouldn't be a lonely place.
She heard rustling next to her and felt a warm hand on her shoulder. She could barely see through the tears that stood in her eyes but made out Jenna's concerned face.
"What are you doing here?" Janae wanted to sound fierce but the emotion in her throat dulled the fire in her voice. Jenna looked around warily, rubbing her shoulder. Janae remembered the last time they'd gone to a party. They were barely an hour in when Jenna had run to her from wherever she'd been. She grabbed her arm. "I'm uncomfortable, Jay," she'd said and that was it. Janae took her hand and they'd left, grabbing burgers at the local diner a few blocks down. But she hadn't missed the scared look in Jenna's eye, the red hand prints on her waist she caught whenever her shirt rode up. She hadn't asked questions. She knew she would talk when she wanted to.
"I-I followed you here." Jenna looked Janae straight in the eyes, never one to back down, but the tremor in her voice betrayed her. She knew Jenna was nervous, but she didn't know if it was the party or her.
"You were spying on me?" Janae just wanted to be alone. She didn't want to put on a poker face so that Jenna didn't have to feel sorry or guilty. She didn't want to be with someone who could only say I'm sorry over and over again because death rendered people speechless, it made people too sensitive. Jenna was her best friend, the last person she wanted to push away, but she couldn't help it.
"Why?" The tone of her voice tasted bitter in her mouth. Jenna cared so much—so much care that Janae didn't know what to do with it.
They sat in silence for a few minutes, and she could see Jenna trying to mask the hurt. She watched her search the depths of her mind trying to find something right to say. Jenna took a breath.
"I don't understand. And I'm sorry I said I did." Janae wasn't sure what she was talking about, until it dawned on her. Lunchtime, the frustration. "I want to be there for you so badly, Jay. I want to know everything you are going through, everything you feel so that you are not alone. But I can't. I won't ever, but you have to know that I will always be here. I may not know what to say or do, but I will always look out for you."
The tears finally spilled over as her heart constricted. They were tears of frustration and love. Janae cried because Jenna was the type of friend that didn't care if you wanted to be alone, or hated her, she would always go to you. She thought of all the times Jenna had been there, through bad grades, bullies, even class presentations. She'd always given her strength, confidence, and to see such heartbreak in her eyes … Janae could not understand what it was like to be that selfless, that beautiful. For the first time, Jenna didn't hug her while she cried. She didn't say anything.
Janae managed to croak the truth she'd been yearning to say. "I lied. About Harvard." She looked away from Jenna, tilting her head to the sky.
And she was back in that elementary school field, making her first real friend, and who's this young lady? That's Jenna, she's my best friend, she'd told her mother in her thrilled little voice. Her mother's presence was there now, taking her hand, and placing it into Jenna's open palm. It's okay, it's okay that I'm not there, her mother's voice rang through her like the deep tones of a far-off bell.
Jenna wrapped her slim arms around Janae's form as best she could. They held onto each other, and Janae knew she didn't have to explain anything to Jenna. Because she did understand, she understood enough to let Janae shed her tears in silence, in the arms of someone that loved her. Deep down, she knew that somewhere could never be lonely.
originally written for enlf5f


Communism brought great evil to the world, but it did not create it out of scratch; it pulled it from our own hearts. How should we respond to the evil in the world? To the evil in our own hearts? Note: It was the 85th anniversary of the Holodomor, not the 75th (Fr. Anthony is math challenged).
This is our Church family. One of the things that families do, especially at meal time, is share their stories. Our stories remind us who we are and what we have been through and increase our resiliency as we respond to new challenges.
And Lord knows, there will always be new challenges. If we try to face challenges and the chaos they surround us without knowing who we are, then that chaos can work its way into us and claim us as its own. Then, instead of being part of the powerful force that tames the fury of the storm, we become part of the storm, ungrounded, undisciplined, and ultimately lost.
85 years (Note that I said 75 in the homily): Worst of the Holodomor.
If you see someone suffering: help them.
If you are surrounded by lies, tell the truth.
It was us. On both sides. As with the example of the Holodomor, if we forget who we are, then we can easily get pulled into the storm and become part of the storm debris that destroys homes, communities, and even nations.
This is what we have been through. Now let me remind you of who we are.
We are the ones who stand against evil; not just the evil on the outside, but more importantly – the evil on the inside. We have invited the author of Good, Jesus Christ to cleanse our hearts and minds, to pattern our minds and our lives according to His perfect pattern, and to pattern the world around us. Thus we calm the storms in our own lives and becoming part of the power that quiets the storms around around us.
We are the ones who do not walk past the suffering of our neighbor.
We are the ones who tell the truth.
We are the ones who serve as living reminders that we were created for something better than ideologies and grand social plans.
And that the only true source of peace and justice and goodness in this world is the author of peace, justice, and goodness: Jesus Christ.
This is who we are and this is the solid rock on which we stand and no storm will overcome us.


text:
Arthrotus purpureus es un coleóptero de la familia Chrysomelidae. Fue descrita científicamente por primera vez en 1963 por Gressitt & Kimoto.

Referencias

Arthrotus
Insectos descritos en 1963

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


My shrink says it's not my fault, but he's wrong. I didn't kill my best friend, but I might as well have. I cancelled my plans with her… for a boy! She died. I didn't. The end.
Julie was ready for college, her career path firmly in place. She had a loving family and the most wonderful of friends. Everything was perfect until the day it wasn't. She relives that day again and again.
Guilt is a life sentence. Shame the cell walls. Isolation the bread and water we force upon ourselves. When Julie takes a timid step from her self-imposed prison, she has a moment of hope, then tragedy attempts to strike once again.
This time… maybe… Julia can save them all.


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text:
===============================
Package Lib Tool
===============================

.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/libtool.png
    :target: http://badge.fury.io/py/libtool

.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/weijia/libtool.png?branch=master
        :target: https://travis-ci.org/weijia/libtool

.. image:: https://pypip.in/d/libtool/badge.png
        :target: https://crate.io/packages/libtool?version=latest

"A library tool for import package modules"

* Free software: BSD license
* Documentation: http://libtool.rtfd.org.

Features
--------

* TODO

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The interest rate for loans first disbursed on or after July 1, 2017 is a fixed rate of 7.00 percent.
The interest rate for loans first disbursed on or after July 1, 2018 is a fixed rate of 7.60 percent.
The origination fee for loans first disbursed on or after October 1, 2017 is 4.264 percent.
The origination fee for loans first disbursed on or after October 1, 2018 is 4.248 percent.
This fee is deducted from each loan prior to disbursement.


text:
Advisory Mechanical Committee (AMC)
The Advisory Mechanical Committee, or AMC for short, was the research and development arm of the Van Sweringen brothers' railroad properties. These systems included four principal lines; the Chesapeake & Ohio, Erie, Pere Marquette, and Nickel Plate Road. The committee was formed in the late 1920s soon after the brothers had taken control of the railroads and established standardization in Super Power steam designs among them. While the Lima Locomotive Works produced several hundred of these locomotives by the 1940s the other majors builders also manufactured them as well. Unfortunately, the AMC is not well known since few of their documents survive; a true shame considering the group helped produce some of the best late-era steam locomotives prior to the diesel age.
Oris Paxton (O.P.) Van Sweringen and Mantis James (M.J.) Van Sweringen were brothers and long-time corporate partners. They went through several early business failures before entering the real estate industry around 1909. Soon after this latest venture they began developing what is now known as the community of Shaker Heights, Ohio, an eastern suburb of Cleveland. The brothers felt that a high-speed, rapid-transit streetcar operation was essential for the project to ferry commuters to and from their places of work. While this system was eventually established the Van Sweringens also wanted to get into the railroad business, purchasing control of the New York, Chicago & St. Louis in 1916, better known as the Nickel Plate Road.
Chesapeake & Ohio, "George Washington's Railroad"
Pere Marquette Railway, Michigan's Own Road
Erie Railroad, "Serving The Heart Of Industrial America"
The Berkshire (2-8-4) Locomotive Type
At the time the NKP was a subsidiary of New York Central and while the rundown property took a bit of time to rehabilitate the Van Sweringens looked to expand their interests in the industry. By the 1920s they controlled the Erie Railroad, Chesapeake & Ohio, Pere Marquette, and Hocking Valley Railway (the latter two were eventually merged into the C&O). While the brothers had no previous railroad experience prior to their Nickel Plate acquisition they did know how to run a successful business. According to Thomas Dixon, Jr.'s book, "Chesapeake & Ohio K-4 Class 2-8-4 Steam Locomotives," they brought in experienced railroader John J. Bernet (former Vice President at New York Central) as adviser and operator who officially became president of the Nickel Plate and who oversaw its successful rehabilitation.
Under his direction a committee was established to oversee the mechanical operations of all the Van Sweringen properties. This group, established in 1929 and known as the Advisory Mechanical Committee, would offer best practice recommendations and refine steam locomotive designs to best suit each railroad. The AMC team was comprised of managers from each railroad's mechanical department and met at the Van Sweringen's headquarters in Cleveland. While the group was tasked with generally implementing improvements it is believed they also held a great deal of power in ultimately deciding which new locomotives operated on a particular railroad.
Whether the AMC was also created as a direct result of the Super Power locomotive's birth is unknown (likely only a coincidence) but whatever the case the timing was just right. In 1925 New York Central subsidiary Boston & Albany, in conjunction with the Lima Locomotive Works, began testing a new wheel arrangement, the 2-8-4. While the locomotive was essentially a Mikado featuring a larger firebox and additional rear axle it proved vastly superior and led to a new design, the Berkshire. The "Super Power" concept describes late steam era designs, beginning with the 2-8-4, which featured larger fireboxes and super-heaters. The term has also been used to include new technologies being applied at the time such as roller-bearings, mechanical stokers, and outside valve gear.
The first Super Power locomotives used by a Van Sweringen line was the Class S 2-8-4s built for the Erie between 1927 and 1929. While the AMC did not influence the refinement of these Berkshires they did base the Chesapeake & Ohio's Class T-1 2-10-4's from them. Mr. Dixon notes in his book the T-1's were the first examples built with AMC oversight (1929) and they proved incredibly successful on the C&O. They typically saw service on the railroad's more rugged western territory often tasked with 160-car coal trains. In all, forty units arrived from Lima (#3000-3039) and the C&O liked them so well that most of their future Super Power locomotives came from the builder. However, because AMC tended to standardize their designs so well any examples outshopped by the major builders (Baldwin, Lima, or the American Locomotive Company) were more or less identical.
The best known AMC design was the standardized 2-8-4 which found its way on all of the Van Sweringen properties. However, there were also others including the C&O's Class J-3/a 4-8-4's, its Class L 4-6-4's, and the massive Class H-8 2-6-6-6 "Alleghenies." During a 22-year period between 1927 and 1949 Lima manufactured 301 locomotives for the Van Sweringen interests, which Mr. Dixon points out comprised slightly less than half of all the Super Power designs the manufacturer ever produced. While Lima was the smallest of the Big Three steam builders its locomotives are often considered some of the best ever built. Today, one example each of Nickel Plate's and Pere Marquette's 2-8-4's remain operational so it is still possible to see AMC's designs today.
Home › Fallen Flags › Chesapeake & Ohio › Advisory Mechanical Committee


Five major disruptions resulting in suspension of services occurred in Cityrail's suburban network during the month of February, with a sixth in the first day of March. (See below for details of these disruptions.) Three of these suspensions lasted for a number of hours, requiring the deployment of rail replacement buses. This represents a serious deterioration on Cityrail's regular performance.
Affected commuters were also given the option to use their tickets on other modes of transport in order to lighten the load. This is yet another reason to support integrated fares, which would allow this sort of approach to be the norm, rather than the exception.
The state Opposition has responded by calling for a fare free day, which was subsequently rejected by the government.
The argument against a fare free day is that it takes money away from public transport that is needed to improve the system. In addition, most of the benefit will go towards higher income professionals who work in the CBD, people who can afford to contribute the 28% of the operating costs of Cityrail which their fares recover and so should not be subsidised further via a fare free day.
However, when an organisation provides poor customer service (regardless of who is at fault), it is quite common to provide the customer with some sort of token gesture of apology. Given the exceptional nature of the disruptions caused in February, a fare free day would go some way to dissipating the frustration of those affected and try to recover at least some of the goodwill that was lost in that month.
Details: In what appears to be an error during the previous weekends' trackworks on the North Shore Line, overhead wires were tangled near Waverton Station and discovered by a train driver passing through there in the early morning. Services were suspended, with delays spreading to all lines on the network other than the Eastern Suburbs and Illawarra Lines as they are operated separately from the rest of the network. The overhead wires were not fixed until the late morning, with trains back on schedule shortly before the evening peak.
Details: A fire in the air conditioning unit in the Strathfield signal box caused an evacuation of all staff in it. This signal box controls all lines other than the Eastern Suburbs and Illawarra Lines, which are controlled out of Central, resulting in a brief suspension of services and then delays until late into the evening. Cityrail was criticised for not having redundancy plans in place to run signalling operations from Central as a back up option.
Details: A broken down train in St Leonards at the beginning of the afternoon peak caused delays that continued until the mid evening. This also coincided with the evening of Valentines Day.
Details: A broken down train causes a suspension of services between Sutherland and Hurstville for the whole of the morning peak. Trains did not return to timetabled operations until the early afternoon. Further disruptions occurred in the afternoon peak on other lines in the network, but did not affect the Eastern Suburbs and Illawarra Lines.
Details: A loose piece of metal was spotted hanging above the train tracks on the Harbour Bridge, resulting in a suspension of services between Wynyard and North Sydney. Services did not resume until the late evening. Unrelated delays on the City Circle spread to the Western and Northern Lines.
Details: A fire in the train tunnel at Wynyard suspended trains in the mid afternoon between Wynyard and North Sydney Trains returned to timetabled service by the afternoon peak.


Helios Resins developed the new product HELIORES 3D Rapid 10, the first product in line under the brand HELIORES 3D. It is a liquid photopolymer for 3D printing intended for general use with various types of SLA and DLP printers. The product is highly reactive and precise, allowing elements to be printed faster and more precise. It is the first Helios Resins product that is not intended solely for industry, but also for the end user.
3D printing is considered to be among the most promising emerging technologies. It is a process where a physical object is created by adding material from a digital model. This kind of technology is unique because of the consumption of the material, as only the amount needed for the desired 3D model is used. In addition, 3D printing produces a physical model from a single piece, which can have moving parts, and can also be hollow. The finished products differ in hardness, flexibility, elasticity and other properties, depending on the printing formulation used.
For more high-quality and customized Helios Resins solutions visit the website https://www.resinshelios.com.


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text:
Q: Excel - IF a cell contains a value return another value, if not search for a different value In column A I have a list of domain names with various TLDs e.g. .com .co .net etc.
In Column B I'm wanting to put the annual renewal price.
I know this isn't the correct syntax, but I'm hoping someone could help me.
=IF(SEARCH(A2,".com"),9.00,(SEARCH(A2,".net"),10.50,SEARCH(A2,".co.uk"),5.00,"FALSE")

Alternatively if there are multiple TLDs with the same value, would it be possible to specify this somehow?
There are several hundred TLDs I'm only wanting to search for a handful, but using VLOOKUP could be away of me adding a comprehensive list of TLDs and being able to search them all.

A: This is how you would fix your function:
=IFERROR(IF(IFERROR(SEARCH(".com",A2),FALSE),9,IF(IFERROR(SEARCH(".net",A2),FALSE),10.5,IF(IFERROR(SEARCH(".co.uk",A2),FALSE),5,"NO MATCH"))),"NO MATCH")

But the best option would be to use a wildcard lookup function a la barry houdini. There was actually a challenge contest related to this a while ago:
http://www.mrexcel.com/pc18.shtml
Here is an example:
=VLOOKUP(LOOKUP(32768,SEARCH(D$2:D$4,A2),D$2:D$4),$D$2:$E$4,2,FALSE)

This way you can avoid an infinitely long compound if-statement that checks the innumerable url domain names.

A: You want to create a lookup table for your TLDs and prices
.com | $10
.net | $5
.org | $5

Then you want to split your domains so you have the TLD in a separate column.  If all your TLDs are three letters e.g. .net, .com, you can get them into a separate column like this:
=RIGHT(A1, 4)

If they are not just three letter TLDs, it's a bit more tricky.
Once you split your TLD into a separate column, use the VLOOKUP function to look up the price for each TLD.
=VLOOKUP(tld_to_lookup, range_of_lookup_table, 2, FALSE)

The "2" in that formula is a reference to the second column in your lookup table above and "FALSE" says we don't want an approximate match, we want an exact match.

A: This array formula will work for finding any arbitrary string within any other arbitrary string:
{=VLOOKUP(MID(cellBeingSearched,MIN(IFERROR(FIND(FirstColumnOfTable,A2),1000)),1000),WholeTable,2,FALSE)}

A: The answer @Stepan1010 posted is correct for excel.
It's a form of "array function" (searching a "table array").  Apple Numbers can't do array functions the way Excel can
So for those of you wanting a solution to the issue I was faced with, the following formula works in Both Excel for PC and Mac and Number for Mac.
=VLOOKUP(RIGHT(A2,LEN(A2)-SEARCH(".",A2)+1),C$2:D$4,2,FALSE)