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Articles by Koji Yamaguchi
Between 2008 and 2019, Koji Yamaguchi wrote the following 23 articles about Pancreatic Neoplasms.
1 Guideline Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2016 From the Japan Pancreas Society: A Synopsis. 2017
Yamaguchi, Koji / Okusaka, Takuji / Shimizu, Kyoko / Furuse, Junji / Ito, Yoshinori / Hanada, Keiji / Shimosegawa, Tooru / Okazaki, Kazuichi / Anonymous7740903. ·From the *Clinic of Fukuoka Government Building, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka; †Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital; ‡Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University; §Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyorin University; ∥Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo; ¶Department of Gastroenterology, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi; #Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai; and **Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan. ·Pancreas · Pubmed #28426492.
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer based on Evidence-Based Medicine 2006 were first published by the Japan Pancreas Society, and they were revised to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2009 in July 2009 and were further revised to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2013 in October 2013. These guidelines were established according to evidence-based medicine. In October 2016, the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer were newly revised in Japanese. METHODS: In the revised version, we introduced the concepts of GRADE - grading recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation approach for better understanding of the current guidelines. RESULTS: The guidelines show algorithms for the diagnosis, treatment, and chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer and address 7 subjects: diagnosis, surgical therapy, adjuvant therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, stent therapy, and palliative medicine. They include 51 clinical questions and 76 statements. There are statements corresponding to clinical questions, evidence levels, recommended strengths, and agreement rates. CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines represent the most standard clinical and practical management at this time in Japan. This is the English synopsis of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2016 in Japanese, which aims to disseminate the Japanese guidelines worldwide for the introduction of Japanese clinical management of these diseases.
2 Guideline EBM-based Clinical Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer (2013) issued by the Japan Pancreas Society: a synopsis. 2014
Yamaguchi, Koji / Okusaka, Takuji / Shimizu, Kyoko / Furuse, Junji / Ito, Yoshinori / Hanada, Keiji / Shimosegawa, Tooru / Anonymous6910805. ·Department of Advanced Treatment of Pancreatic Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu yamaguch@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp. · Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology Division, National Cancer Center, Tokyo. · Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo. · Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo. · Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo. · Department of Gastroenterology, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi. · Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. ·Jpn J Clin Oncol · Pubmed #25205672.
ABSTRACT: Clinical practice guidelines for pancreatic cancer based on evidence-based medicine (2006) were published by the Japan Pancreas Society (Committee for revision of clinical guidelines for pancreatic cancer) in March 2009 in Japanese, revised to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer based on evidence-based medicine (2009) in July 2009 in Japanese and further revised to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer (2013) in October 2013 in Japanese. These guidelines were established according to evidence-based medicine. A total of 629 papers were collected from among 4612 reports concerning pancreatic cancer listed in PubMed and Igakuchuo Zasshi between May 2007 and January 2011. This new set of guidelines was written by members of the Committee for the Revision of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer in the Japan Pancreas Society. The guidelines provide an algorithm for the diagnosis (Fig. 1) and treatment (Fig. 2) of pancreatic cancer and address six subjects (Diagnosis, Surgery, Adjuvant therapy, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy and stent therapy), with 35 clinical questions and 57 recommendations.
3 Guideline International consensus guidelines 2012 for the management of IPMN and MCN of the pancreas. 2012
Tanaka, Masao / Fernández-del Castillo, Carlos / Adsay, Volkan / Chari, Suresh / Falconi, Massimo / Jang, Jin-Young / Kimura, Wataru / Levy, Philippe / Pitman, Martha Bishop / Schmidt, C Max / Shimizu, Michio / Wolfgang, Christopher L / Yamaguchi, Koji / Yamao, Kenji / Anonymous6680728. ·Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. masaotan@med.kyushu-u.ac.jp ·Pancreatology · Pubmed #22687371.
ABSTRACT: The international consensus guidelines for management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas established in 2006 have increased awareness and improved the management of these entities. During the subsequent 5 years, a considerable amount of information has been added to the literature. Based on a consensus symposium held during the 14th meeting of the International Association of Pancreatology in Fukuoka, Japan, in 2010, the working group has generated new guidelines. Since the levels of evidence for all items addressed in these guidelines are low, being 4 or 5, we still have to designate them "consensus", rather than "evidence-based", guidelines. To simplify the entire guidelines, we have adopted a statement format that differs from the 2006 guidelines, although the headings are similar to the previous guidelines, i.e., classification, investigation, indications for and methods of resection and other treatments, histological aspects, and methods of follow-up. The present guidelines include recent information and recommendations based on our current understanding, and highlight issues that remain controversial and areas where further research is required.
4 Guideline EBM-based Clinical Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2009 from the Japan Pancreas Society: a synopsis. 2011
Yamaguchi, Koji / Tanaka, Masao / Anonymous1220699. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. yamaguch@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp ·Jpn J Clin Oncol · Pubmed #21719748.
5 Review International Association of Pancreatology (IAP)/European Pancreatic Club (EPC) consensus review of guidelines for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. 2016
Takaori, Kyoichi / Bassi, Claudio / Biankin, Andrew / Brunner, Thomas B / Cataldo, Ivana / Campbell, Fiona / Cunningham, David / Falconi, Massimo / Frampton, Adam E / Furuse, Junji / Giovannini, Marc / Jackson, Richard / Nakamura, Akira / Nealon, William / Neoptolemos, John P / Real, Francisco X / Scarpa, Aldo / Sclafani, Francesco / Windsor, John A / Yamaguchi, Koji / Wolfgang, Christopher / Johnson, Colin D / Anonymous480853. ·Department of Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: takaori@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp. · Department of Surgery and Oncology, Pancreas Institute, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. · Academic Unit of Surgery, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom. · Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Freiburg, Germany. · Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. · Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. · Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London and Surrey, United Kingdom. · Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Università Vita e Salute, Milano, Italy. · HPB Surgical Unit, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom. · Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. · Endoscopic Unit, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Marseille, France. · NIHR Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom. · Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-applied Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. · Division of General Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America. · Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, CNIO-Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain. · Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, HBP/Upper GI Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. · Department of Advanced Treatment of Pancreatic Disease, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. · Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America. · University Surgical Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom. ·Pancreatology · Pubmed #26699808.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most devastating diseases with an extremely high mortality. Medical organizations and scientific societies have published a number of guidelines to address active treatment of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this consensus review was to identify where there is agreement or disagreement among the existing guidelines and to help define the gaps for future studies. METHODS: A panel of expert pancreatologists gathered at the 46th European Pancreatic Club Meeting combined with the 18th International Association of Pancreatology Meeting and collaborated on critical reviews of eight English language guidelines for the clinical management of pancreatic cancer. Clinical questions (CQs) of interest were proposed by specialists in each of nine areas. The recommendations for the CQs in existing guidelines, as well as the evidence on which these were based, were reviewed and compared. The evidence was graded as sufficient, mediocre or poor/absent. RESULTS: Only 4 of the 36 CQs, had sufficient evidence for agreement. There was also agreement in five additional CQs despite the lack of sufficient evidence. In 22 CQs, there was disagreement regardless of the presence or absence of evidence. There were five CQs that were not addressed adequately by existing guidelines. CONCLUSION: The existing guidelines provide both evidence- and consensus-based recommendations. There is also considerable disagreement about the recommendations in part due to the lack of high level evidence. Improving the clinical management of patients with pancreatic cancer, will require continuing efforts to undertake research that will provide sufficient evidence to allow agreement.
6 Article Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pancreatic Cancer 2016 from the Japan Pancreas Society. 2017
Yamaguchi, Koji. ·Clinic of Fukuoka Government Building, Hamanomachi Hospital. ·Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi · Pubmed #28381779.
7 Article [Clinical guidelines of pancreatic cancer 2013: a synopsis]. 2015
Yamaguchi, Koji. · ·Nihon Rinsho · Pubmed #25857055.
8 Article [Pancreatic ductal carcinoma derived from IPMN and concomitant with IPMN]. 2015
9 Article [Algorithm for treatment of pancreatic cancer]. 2015
10 Article Prognostic significance of WNT signaling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 2014
Nakamoto, Mitsuhiro / Matsuyama, Atsuji / Shiba, Eisuke / Shibuya, Ryo / Kasai, Takahiko / Yamaguchi, Koji / Hisaoka, Masanori. ·Department of Pathology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan. ·Virchows Arch · Pubmed #25146168.
ABSTRACT: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal human malignancies and is associated with a variety of molecular abnormalities. Although WNT signaling through its canonical/non-canonical pathways is one of the major factors involved in oncogenesis or progression of PDA, the prognostic significance of WNT signaling still remains poorly investigated. In this study, the status of the WNT signaling pathways was immunohistochemically analyzed in 101 PDAs, and its potential association with patient postoperative survival was assessed. Nuclear expression of beta-catenin, a hallmark of the activated canonical pathway, was identified in 59 cases, and was associated with reduced survival compared to the patients lacking nuclear beta-catenin expression (P = 0.002). In contrast, activation of the non-canonical pathway (25 cases), as indicated by co-expression of WNT2/5a and nuclear NFATc1, was not correlated with reduced survival (P = 0.268). Co-activation of both pathways (16 cases) was associated with worse prognosis in comparison with cases with an activated non-canonical pathway (P = 0.034). In addition, nuclear beta-catenin expression was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor (P = 0.006). Our data indicate that activated WNT signaling through its canonical pathway has a significantly negative effect on the clinical course of PDA, and the canonical WNT pathway should be considered as a future therapeutic target for PDA.
11 Article Mitochondrial transcription factor a worsens the clinical course of patients with pancreatic cancer through inhibition of apoptosis of cancer cells. 2014
Yamauchi, Masumi / Nakayama, Yoshifumi / Minagawa, Noritaka / Torigoe, Takayuki / Shibao, Kazunori / Yamaguchi, Koji. ·From the *Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahata-nishi-ku; and †Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Wakamatsu Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan. ·Pancreas · Pubmed #24622070.
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: Mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) is mandatory for both the transcription and maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. This study aimed to investigate the significance of mtTFA expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS: Surgical specimens from 93 patients with PDAC who all underwent pancreatectomy were immunohistochemically stained using a polyclonal anti-mtTFA antibody. The relationship between the expression of mtTFA, clinicopathologic factors, and prognosis of these patients were evaluated. RESULTS: Positive mtTFA expression was significantly associated with lymphovascular invasion and metastatic recurrence in the liver and correlated with an advanced surgical stage. A univariate analysis showed that the patients with positive mtTFA expression had a significantly shorter survival time than those patients with negative mtTFA expression, and a multivariate analysis revealed that mtTFA expression was one of the independent prognostic factors in patients with PDAC. Positive mtTFA expression was significantly correlated with a low apoptotic index but not significantly correlated with the mind bomb homolog-1 (MIB-1) index. CONCLUSIONS: The expression mtTFA worsens the clinical course of patients with PDAC through the inhibition of apoptosis of PDAC cells and is an independent marker for the poor prognosis of the patients with PDAC after pancreatectomy. Mitochondrial transcription factor A may be a novel target for the treatment of PDAC.
12 Article Pancreatic somatostatinoma diagnosed preoperatively: report of a case. 2014
Mori, Yasuhisa / Sato, Norihiro / Taniguchi, Ryuta / Tamura, Toshihisa / Minagawa, Noritaka / Shibao, Kazunori / Higure, Aiichiro / Nakamoto, Mitsuhiro / Taguchi, Masashi / Yamaguchi, Koji. ·Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health. Kitakyushu, Japan. y-mori@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp. ·JOP · Pubmed #24413789.
ABSTRACT: CONTEXT: Somatostatinoma is a rare neoplasm of the pancreas. Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult. CASE REPORT: We report a 72-year-old woman with a pancreatic head tumor measuring 37 mm in diameter, and enlargement of the lymph nodes on the anterior surface of the pancreatic head and the posterior surface of the horizontal part of the duodenum. Laboratory data showed an elevated plasma somatostatin concentration. Examination of a biopsy specimen of the pancreatic head mass obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) showed histopathological features of a neuroendocrine tumor. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for somatostatin, leading to a preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic somatostatinoma. The patient underwent pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. The plasma somatostatin concentration decreased progressively after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: A rare case of pancreatic somatostatinoma with lymph node metastases was presented. Immunohistochemical analysis of a biopsy specimen obtained by EUS-FNA was useful for preoperative diagnosis.
13 Article Prognostic impact of hyaluronan and its regulators in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 2013
Cheng, Xiao-Bo / Sato, Norihiro / Kohi, Shiro / Yamaguchi, Koji. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan ; Department of Breast Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. ·PLoS One · Pubmed #24244714.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is characterized by an abundant stroma enriched with hyaluronan (HA), the prognostic impact of HA and its regulators remains unknown. METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry, expression patterns of HA and its regulators, including a synthesizing enzyme (HAS2), and a degrading enzyme (HYAL1) were investigated in patients who received surgical resection. The prognostic significance of these markers and other clinicopathological variables was determined using univariate and multivariate analyses. The HA levels were determined quantitatively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: We found that strong expressions of HA (P=0.008) and HAS2 (P=0.022) were significantly associated with shorter survival time after surgery. By contrast, weak expression of HYAL1 was significantly associated with poor survival (P=0.001). In multivariate analysis, tumor stage (hazard ratio (HR)=2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-6.66 P=0.024), strong HA expression (HR=6.04, 95%CI: 1.42-25.69 P=0.015), and weak HYAL1 expression (HR=3.16, 95%CI: 1.19-8.40 P=0.021) were independent factors predicting poor survival. ELISA revealed higher concentration of HA in pancreatic cancer tissues than in normal pancreatic tissues (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest, for the first time, that HA and its regulators may have prognostic impact in patients with pancreatic cancer.
14 Article [Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas showing enlargement on images: a case report]. 2012
Nakamoto, Mitsuhiro / Minagawa, Noritaka / Yamaguchi, Koji. ·Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan. ·J UOEH · Pubmed #22768427.
ABSTRACT: Serious Cystadenoma (SCA) of the Pancreas is seldom malignant and is usually monitored over time. Here we report a case of SCA an enlarged cyst that had to be excised because it was difficult to diagnose by intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The patient was a 58-year-old woman with thecoma of the right ovary accompanied by Meigs syndrome, who had undergone abdominal total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Abdominal computed tomography scan (CT) showed a multilocular cyst 2.4 cm in diameter in the head of the pancreas. Fourteen months later, a periodic CT showed that the multilocular cyst had enlarged from 2.4 to 3.5 cm in diameter. Branch duct intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) with a tendency to enlargement and with mural nodule was suspected. Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (PPPD) was performed, and pathological findings revealed that the cyst was lined with a single layer of simple cuboidal epithelium. Periodic acid-Shiff staining, with and without diastase digestion, showed abundant glycogen within epithelial cells, yielding a definitive diagnosis of SCA. The ascites were probably due to the Meigs syndrome pressing the cyst, and the size of the cyst appeared smaller than the real size.
15 Article [Pancreatic tumor: progress in diagnosis and treatment. Topics: I. Pancreatic carcinoma; 6. Evidence based clinical practice guidelines for pancreatic cancer 2009]. 2012
Yamaguchi, Koji / Minagawa, Noritaka. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan. ·Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi · Pubmed #22413460.
16 Article [Clinical follow-up of branch duct IPMN]. 2012
Yamaguchi, Koji / Minagawa, Takanori / Kanemitsu, Shuichi / Tamura, Toshinao. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan. yamaguchi@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp ·Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi · Pubmed #22306540.
17 Article Association of microRNA-21 expression with its targets, PDCD4 and TIMP3, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 2012
Nagao, Yuichi / Hisaoka, Masanori / Matsuyama, Atsuji / Kanemitsu, Shuichi / Hamada, Tetsuo / Fukuyama, Tokihiko / Nakano, Ryuji / Uchiyama, Akihiko / Kawamoto, Masahiko / Yamaguchi, Koji / Hashimoto, Hiroshi. ·Department of Pathology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. ·Mod Pathol · Pubmed #21983937.
ABSTRACT: Since the discovery of small non-coding RNAs, the analyses of microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in human cancer have provided new insights into cancer biology. miRNA-21 has been suggested to be one of the miRNAs that have an important role in the development or biological behavior of a variety of malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the expression of miRNA-21 and that of its molecular targets, programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP3), in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The study included 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 5 normal pancreatic tissue specimens for comparison. The miRNA expression profiling of five selected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and five normal pancreatic specimens was performed using a microarray platform, and was evaluated by a hierarchical clustering analysis. The miRNA most highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (ie, miRNA-21) was further assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assays in the 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases. The expression pattern of its molecular targets (eg, PDCD4 and TIMP3) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was examined immunohistochemically. In the microarray analyses, 28 miRNAs were upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared with normal pancreatic tissue, whereas 48 miRNAs were downregulated. miRNA-21 was the most significantly overexpressed miRNA in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas analyzed, and was also highly expressed in 75% of the 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas examined by real-time RT-PCR. High miRNA-21 expression was correlated with a worse prognosis in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (P=0.045). The immunohistochemical expression patterns of PDCD4 (reduced nuclear staining pattern) and TIMP3 (downregulated expression) were significantly associated with both the upregulated miR-21 expression (P<0.05) and the poor survival of the patients (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively). Our data suggest that an overexpression of miRNA-21 is, therefore, associated with the biological behavior of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the downregulation of the expression of tumor suppressors, PDCD4 and TIMP3, thus resulting in tumor progression and the adverse clinical course of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
18 Article Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma derived from IPMN and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma concomitant with IPMN. 2011
Yamaguchi, Koji / Kanemitsu, Shuichi / Hatori, Takashi / Maguchi, Hiroyuki / Shimizu, Yasuhiro / Tada, Minoru / Nakagohri, Toshio / Hanada, Keiji / Osanai, Manabu / Noda, Yutaka / Nakaizumi, Akihiko / Furukawa, Toru / Ban, Shinichi / Nobukawa, Bunsei / Kato, Yo / Tanaka, Masao. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan. yamaguch@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp ·Pancreas · Pubmed #21499212.
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) may derive from an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas or may develop in the pancreatic duct apart from IPMN. The purpose of this study was to define the clinicopathological features of these 2 entities and compare them with those of ordinary PDAC. METHODS: Of 765 patients who had surgical resection for IPMN, 122 were diagnosed as having PDAC derived from IPMN and 31 with PDAC concomitant with IPMN. In addition, 7605 patients with PDAC who were registered in the Japan Pancreas Society pancreatic cancer registry were compared with the above patients. RESULTS: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas derived from IPMN and concomitant with IPMN were significantly smaller, less invasive, and less extensive than ordinary PDAC. The median survival of patients with the 2 conditions was significantly longer than for those with ordinary PDAC when compared overall or when limited to TS2 (2.0 cm < tumor size ≤ 4.0 cm) or TS3 (4.0 cm < tumor size ≤ 6.0 cm) cases. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PDAC concomitant with IPMN and PDAC derived from IPMN may have more favorable biological behaviors or be diagnosed earlier than ordinary PDAC.
19 Article How to define patients at high risk for pancreatic cancer. 2011
Yamaguchi, Koji. ·Department of Surgery 1, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Yahatanishiku, Kitakyusyu, Japan. yamaguch @ med.uoeh-u.ac.jp ·Pancreatology · Pubmed #21464580.
ABSTRACT: The clinical outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer remains dismal despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Several risk factors have been reported regarding the development of pancreatic cancer. These risk factors include family history, accompanying diseases, and lifestyle/personal habits. Family history includes that of pancreatic cancer and hereditary pancreatic cancer syndrome. Accompanying diseases that increase the risk include diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic pancreatitis, hereditary pancreatic cancer syndrome and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. Lifestyle-associated factors include smoking and diet. Detailed examination of patients with such risk factors is warranted, but the cost-benefit effect should be considered. Thus, patients with more than one risk factor should be carefully followed up, and periodic examination of such patients is necessary to ensure the detection of smaller and less-advanced pancreatic cancer lesions and thus to improve the clinical outcome of patients with pancreatic cancer.
20 Article Gamma-secretase complexes regulate the responses of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to taxanes. 2010
Tasaka, Takehiko / Akiyoshi, Takashi / Yamaguchi, Koji / Tanaka, Masao / Onishi, Hideya / Katano, Mitsuo. ·Department of Cancer Therapy and Research, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ·Anticancer Res · Pubmed #21187481.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND/AIM: It was previously reported that γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) enhance taxane-induced mitotic arrest and apoptosis in colon cancer cells. To enable the development of taxane-based chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), this study investigated the molecular mechanisms by which γ-secretase (GS) complexes regulate taxane sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of GS complexes on taxane-induced apoptosis in PDAC cells was evaluated by a cell cycle analysis. GS complexes were examined with small interference RNAs targeted to GS complex-related genes. RESULTS: GSIs and silencing of presenilin 1 (PS1) did not affect cell proliferation but resulted in enhanced taxane-induced G(2)/M accumulation and apoptosis. Silencing of the Notch gene did not induce these effects. However, PS2-specific silencing suppressed proliferation and taxane-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Data from this study indicate that GS complexes regulate the response of PDAC to taxanes through GS-dependent and GS-independent mechanisms.
21 Article Imaging of intraductal tubular tumors of the pancreas. 2008
Ishigami, Kousei / Yoshimitsu, Kengo / Irie, Hiroyuki / Shinozaki, Kenji / Nagata, Shigenori / Yamaguchi, Koji / Honda, Hiroshi. ·Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan. ishigamikousei@aol.com ·AJR Am J Roentgenol · Pubmed #19020256.
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging features of intraductal tubular tumors of the pancreas. CONCLUSION: Intraductal tubular tumors of the pancreas presented as solid tumors extending along and obstructing the pancreatic duct without downstream dilatation. Dynamic CT or MRI showed them to be hypovascular without delayed enhancement.
22 Article Surgery versus radiochemotherapy for resectable locally invasive pancreatic cancer: final results of a randomized multi-institutional trial. 2008
Doi, Ryuichiro / Imamura, Masayuki / Hosotani, Ryo / Imaizumi, Toshihide / Hatori, Takashi / Takasaki, Ken / Funakoshi, Akihiro / Wakasugi, Hideyuki / Asano, Takehide / Hishinuma, Shoichi / Ogata, Yoshiro / Sunamura, Makoto / Yamaguchi, Koji / Tanaka, Masao / Takao, Sonshin / Aikou, Takashi / Hirata, Koichi / Maguchi, Hiroyuki / Aiura, Koichi / Aoki, Tatsuya / Kakita, Akira / Sasaki, Makoto / Ozaki, Masahiko / Matsusue, Satoru / Higashide, Shunichi / Noda, Hideki / Ikeda, Seiyo / Maetani, Shunzo / Yoshida, Shigeaki / Anonymous120614. ·Department of Surgery, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoinkawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan. ·Surg Today · Pubmed #18958561.
ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: Although the outcome of surgery for locally advanced pancreatic cancer remains poor, it is improving, with 5-year survival up to about 10% in Japan. The preliminary results of our multi-institutional randomized controlled trial revealed better survival after surgery than after radiochemotherapy. We report the final results of this study after 5 years of follow-up. METHODS: Patients with preoperative findings of pancreatic cancer invading the pancreatic capsule without involvement of the superior mesenteric or common hepatic arteries, or distant metastasis, were included in this randomized controlled trial, with their consent. If the laparotomy findings were consistent with these criteria, the patient was randomized to a surgery group or a radiochemotherapy group (5-fluorouracil 200 mg/m2/day and 5040 Gy radiotherapy). We compared the mean survival time, 3-and 5-year survival rates, and hazard ratio. RESULTS: The surgery and radiochemotherapy groups comprised 20 and 22 patients, respectively. Patients were followed up for 5 years or longer, or until an event occurred to preclude this. The surgery group had significantly better survival than the radiochemotherapy group (P<0.03). Surgery increased the survival time and 3-year survival rate by an average of 11.8 months and 20%, respectively, and it halved the instantaneous mortality (hazard) rate. CONCLUSION: Locally invasive pancreatic cancer without distant metastases or major arterial invasion is treated most effectively by surgical resection.
23 Article Significance of perivascular soft tissue around the common hepatic and proximal superior mesenteric arteries arising after pancreaticoduodenectomy: evaluation with serial MDCT studies. 2008
Ishigami, Kousei / Yoshimitsu, Kengo / Irie, Hiroyuki / Tajima, Tsuyoshi / Asayama, Yoshiki / Hirakawa, Masakazu / Kakihara, Daisuke / Shioyama, Yoshiyuki / Nishihara, Yunosuke / Yamaguchi, Koji / Honda, Hiroshi. ·Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Ishigamikousei@aol.com ·Abdom Imaging · Pubmed #18219520.
ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: To evaluate the interval change of perivascular soft tissue (PVST) around the common hepatic and proximal superior mesenteric arteries arising after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and to compare the difference between post operative change (benign PVST) and recurrence (malignant PVST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serial multidetector CT (MDCT) studies in 44 patients who underwent PD for periampullary carcinomas were retrospectively reviewed (Group A). The incidence and interval change of PVST were evaluated and compared to control group (Group B, 21 patients with PD for benign diseases). RESULTS: PVST was seen in all the 44 patients in Group A, and it was noted in 12 of 21 (57.1%) patients in Group B. Thirteen of 44 (29.5%) patients showed interval enlargement of PVST (malignant PVST), and 12 of 13 developed within 2 years after PD. There was higher incidence of malignant PVST in patients with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01) and those with pancreas head carcinoma (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: PVST is common after PD regardless of whether patients had malignant or benign diseases. PVST should be monitored for at least 2 years to distinguish recurrence from post operative change. Patients with lymph node metastasis and pancreas head carcinoma had a higher incidence of malignant PVST.


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Cleanest public sector in the world: Keeping fraud at bay
Headline results – what our survey revealed
Results for fraud management strategies – prevention, detection, incidents of fraud, and fraud response
Cleanest public sector in the world: Keeping fraud at bay An overview from the Auditor-General on the results of a survey on fraud awareness, prevention, and detection in New Zealand's public sector. https://oag.parliament.nz/2011/public-sector-fraud https://oag.parliament.nz/@@site-logo/logo.png
An overview from the Auditor-General on the results of a survey on fraud awareness, prevention, and detection in New Zealand's public sector.
New Zealand generally has a "clean" image when it comes to fraud. We consistently rank well in international and domestic surveys that measure public trust in government and the effectiveness of systems and processes that deal with fraud and corruption.1 Our general absence of systemic large-scale corruption in both the private and public sectors is attributed to the integrity of our system, underpinned by strong and shared common values within a small and cohesive society.
To date, most of the New Zealand-based surveys on fraud have focused on the private sector. To gain better insight into fraud awareness, prevention, and detection in our public sector, my Office commissioned PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) to carry out a survey of almost 1500 people working in the public sector. The survey response rate of 74% places the results among the most reliable information sources about perceptions and practices in detecting and preventing fraud in the public sector.
Strong commitment to protecting public resources
Overall, our survey confirms a strong commitment within the public sector to protecting public resources. This is pleasing and not surprising. However, we cannot afford to be complacent if we are to maintain our good record of keeping fraud at bay.
Despite our generally "clean" image, fraud is a fact of business life in New Zealand. According to a 2009 survey, 42% of New Zealand organisations (public and private) have suffered from an economic crime in the previous 12 months (August 2008 to August 2009), with an average loss of almost $492,000.2
New Zealand's score on the Transparency International Corruption Index for the five years from 2006 to 2010
In 2010, New Zealand was rated first equal with Denmark and Singapore. New Zealand has achieved a high place on the index since it started in 1995.
Ongoing vigilance is particularly important in the current global economic climate, which increases the risk of fraud as many people struggle to make ends meet.
Keeping up our good record
Our survey showed that the incidence of fraud is lowest where a public entity's culture is receptive to talking about and dealing openly with fraud, where the entity communicates about fraud policies and risk, and where incidents of fraud are reported.
Anyone who has been part of an organisation that been defrauded knows that the financial loss is only part of the effect of fraud. Additional costs include loss of trust in workmates and colleagues, the loss in productivity when assessing and repairing internal systems, and the sense of betrayal.
The results of our survey show that there are some simple steps that we can all take to actively protect organisations and the public sector from fraud.
Within organisations, I encourage public entities to talk to their employees to promote fraud awareness and existing policies and procedures – and to do so regularly. I also want public entities to actively consider reporting each case of suspected fraud to enforcement agencies. Not every case will result in prosecution but reporting allows the system to work as intended and sends a strong message about an organisation's zero tolerance for fraud. This also helps protect the public sector as a whole.
Sharing our knowledge about fraud risks can protect the public purse
Everyone working in the public sector is responsible for protecting our entities and public resources. Therefore, we need to recognise that preventing fraud means focusing on fraud risks. We can learn just as much, if not more, about these risks from our detected frauds as we can from the smaller number of cases that are reported.
At present, as part of every audit, my auditors ask public entities about fraud. They do this to make sure they are carrying out a professional audit. It is important to note that fraud prevention and detection is the responsibility of the governing body and management of each entity – not of the auditor.
In future, using the information that auditors receive from public entities, my Office will be regularly updating and sharing information about the fraud advised to us, similar to the way we've collected and set out the results of this survey.
We consider that sharing information more quickly about fraud will help all public entities learn about fraud incidents and risks, without compromising the principle of fairness. Public entities can support this by taking the simple step of informing their auditor quickly when they suspect that fraud has occurred. By sharing information quickly, we can identify and minimise our risks, limiting possible losses while working in ways that play to the strengths that continue to protect us – our sense of community and values.
This survey is a first step in what I hope will become an ongoing conversation about how we can all protect the public purse to get better value for every dollar used by the public sector. We're putting together results by sector and entity size to help public entities get more insight. We'll be sending out these sector results between now and Christmas, and my auditors are looking forward to discussing them with you.
Lyn Provost
Controller and Auditor-General
1: For example, in 2010, we again ranked first (equal with Denmark and Singapore) on the Transparency International Corruption Index and achieved 99.5% on the Worldwide Governance Indicator for Control of Corruption.
2: The results of the 2009 PwC Global Economic Crime Survey were based on responses from more than 3000 companies in 54 countries. In New Zealand, 85 organisations from the private and public sectors took part in the survey. Full results can be found on the PwC website – www.pwc.com.
Publishing details
ISBN 978-0-478-38326-3 (online)
PDF (185KB, 12 pages)
Detailed survey findings
Public Sector Fraud Awareness Survey - Findings
PDF (928KiB, 188 pages)
Your feedback helps to ensure that we provide you with clear and useful information. Have we done that?
audit new zealand
auditors' homepage (auditors only)
Office of the Auditor-General, 100 Molesworth Street, Thorndon, Wellington 6011 | +64 4 917 1500 | enquiry@oag.parliament.nz
© crown copyright 2001-2022

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Discus and support green screen in Windows 10 Drivers and Hardware to solve the problem; When I try to watch a movie all I see is a green screen . Why ? how can I see the movie and mot the green screen ?... Discussion in 'Windows 10 Drivers and Hardware' started by JimBarter, Feb 11, 2019.
When I try to watch a movie all I see is a green screen . Why ? how can I see the movie and mot the green screen ?
What were you doing when you encountered the green screen?
Did you make any changes on the computer prior to this problem?
Are you also getting any error messages when experiencing the green screen? If so, can you send us a screenshot?
that Microsoft is having some issues with windows 10. Is that a fact? .
Windows 10 Screen turning Pink & Green.
EVERY photo I upload is GREEN tinted NOT the SCREEN... the PHOTOS.


text:
Intuition Notes - Theory of Knowledge
I know you'll find this TOK Intuition note helpful, but there is an even better version available to our supporting members here (the full Intuition note) --along with some very helpful TOK videos and other sources for your TOK essay and presentation. Click here to try IBMastery for free.
Intuition Quotes
"I belie ve in intuitions and inspirations...I sometimes FEEL that I am right. I do not KNOW that I am." (Albert Einstein)
"Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice." (Steve Jobs)
"Intuition is the clear conception of the whole at once" (Johann Kaspar Lavater).
"Intuition is a spiritual faculty and does not explain, but simply points the way" (Florence Scovel Shinn)
"I'm supposed to be a scientific person but I use intuition more than logic in making basic decisions" (Seymour R. Cray)
"Knowledge begins with intuitions, proceeds from thence to concepts, and then ends with ideas" (Immanuel Kant)
"Thoughts without content are empty, intuitions without concepts are blind." (Immanuel Kant)
"Intuition is reason in a hurry." (Holbrook Jackson).
"The intuitive mind is a sacred gift and the rational mind is a faithful servant. We have created a society that honors the servant and has forgotten the gift." (Albert Einstein)
"There is no logical way to the discovery of these elemental laws. There is only the way of intuition, which is helped by a feeling for the order lying behind the appearance." (Albert Einstein)
"Intuition will tell the thinking mind where to look next." (Jonas Salk)
"It is through science that we prove, but through intuition that we discover." (Henri Poincare)
Intuition Definitions
"Intuitions are the judgments, solutions, and ideas that pop into the consciousness without our being aware of the mental processes that led to them." (Haidt and Joseph)
"Intuition is an immediate form of knowledge in which the knower is directly acquainted with the object of knowledge." (Science Daily: Intuition)
"Intuition is the immediate knowledge of the truth of a proposition, where 'immediate' means 'not preceded by inference.'" (Encyclopiedia of Psychology)
"Intuitions are the judgements, solutions and ideas that pop into our consciousness without our being aware of the mental processes that led to them. When you suddenly know the answer to a problem you've been mulling over or when you know that you like someone but can't tell why, your knowledge is intuitive." (Jonathan Haidt and Craig Joseph, quoted in 'Theory of Knowledge, A Course Companion' page 194)
"intuition is the result of the way our brains store, process and retrieve information on a subconscious level" (Professor Gerard Hodgkinson )
Intuition in general
As with all ways of knowing, it is challenging to determine what way is providing a paritcular insight. For example, an insight which has come from intution can quickly be justified using reason and then labelled as an insight of reason --even though it really came from intution. Intuition is tricky because it can be hard to notice exactly when something is intution, rather than reason or emotion.
Another difficulty is distinguishing intuition from instinct. Intuition is effortless in the moment, but it relies on previous experience. It can be thought of as insights provided by the subconscious mind. Whereas instinct is a naturally built-in, innate and biologically fixed insight promoting evolutionarily adaptive behaviors.
Here's an example from a book called Gut Feelings: The Intelligence of the Unconscious by Gigerenzer. In the book he says he is both intuitive and rational. "In my scientific work, I have hunches. I can't explain always why I think a certain path is the right way, but I need to trust it and go ahead. I also have the ability to check these hunches and find out what they are about. That's the science part. Now, in private life, I rely on instinct. For instance, when I first met my wife, I didn't do computations. Nor did she." Instinct isn't the exact same thing as intuition, but it's hard to know which thing we're using in a given situation. When Gigerenzer met his wife, was he using instinct, intuition, or emotion? We can't really know.
Okay, that's all for the TOK Intuition notes preview. Click here to become a subscriber and you'll get the full, premium Intuition note right away. (Subscribers click here for the full TOK Intuition note.)
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Chelmsford TeleMedia is a cable broadcaster run by you – the citizens of Chelmsford.
CTM-TV is the Public Access Channel where you make the programs, with help from our professional staff. Original CTM programming such as Town Talk or The Current Buzz airs on Comcast 8 and Verizon 38.
CTM-GOV is the Governmental Channel, where you'll find vital government meetings, almost always LIVE as they happen. From the Board of Selectmen to the Planning Board, School Committee, and more, you'll find Chelmsford Town Government and other community meetings airing on Comcast 99 and Verizon 37.
CTM-ED features an ambitious line-up of shows exploring the Chelmsford Public Schools. Titles include Spotlight on Fine Arts, Lions Pride, Ask the Superintendent and more. We also air school sports, concerts and other events. Watch it all daily from 8AM to 10PM on Comcast 22 and Verizon 36.
The main CTM studio is in the Parker Middle School, 75 Graniteville Road, in Chelmsford. We also have a studio and editing lab at Chelmsford High School, the home base of CHSTv. And, at the Chelmsford Center for the Arts, we have a small edit suite.
On July 1, 2017, Chelmsford TeleMedia became a department within the Town of Chelmsford. All funding is provided by fees paid by Comcast and Verizon cable subscribers who live in Chelmsford. Funds are administered in a municipal Enterprise Fund.
Official oversight of CTM rests with the Chelmsford Town Manager and the Board of Selectmen who have empowered the Chelmsford TeleMedia Corporation with oversight of CTM's day-to-day operations.
The Chelmsford TeleMedia Corporation is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation whose board is comprised of volunteers who are residents of Chelmsford. Regular board meetings of the CTM Corporation are held at the main CTM studio in the Parker Middle School.


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text:
Q: angular4 local variable issue for *ngFor I have a requirement where I have load multiple items using item list. Whenever you upload a file, upload file input has to hide and details of that file has to show like filename and other button.
I implemented the scenario by using a localvariable, it works fine with one item, but when we have multiple items, its not working.
Assume if I have 3 itemList, if we click on 1st item fileupload button and upload a file, it loads filename and validate button, but if we do same process for 2nd item (after 1st process), after fileupload, 1st filename will be modified.
View:

        {{item.Id}}
        {{item.Name}}
        {{item.Count}}

        <input type="file" name="UploadFile" id="fileInput" #fileInput (change)="txtUploadFile($event,i)">

            Validate

My component look like:
import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-programs-manager',
  templateUrl: './ProgramsManager.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./ProgramsManager.component.css'],
})

export class ProgramsManagerComponent implements OnInit {

    itemList = [{"Id":1,"Name":"Item1","Count":2},{"Id":2,"Name":"Item2","Count":2},{"Id":3,"Name":"Item3","Count":3}];
    @ViewChild("fileInput") fileInput;
    @ViewChild("validateContent") validateContent;
    @ViewChild("fileName") fileName;

    constructor() { }

    ngOnInit() {
    }

    txtUploadFile(event,index) {
        this.fileInput.nativeElement.style.display = "none";
        this.validateContent.nativeElement.style.display = "block";
        this.fileInput.nativeElement.innerHTML = event.target.files[0].name;
    }
}

I feel local variable is giving problem,but don't know how to fix it. can anyone help me.
Thanks in advance

A: All you need to do is use @ViewChildren instead of @ViewChild
@ViewChildren("fileInput") fileInput : QueryList<any>;
@ViewChildren("validateContent") validateContent : QueryList<any>;
@ViewChildren("fileName") fileName : QueryList<any>;

And change function txtUploadFile to
txtUploadFile(event,index) {
    var fileInputs = this.fileInput.toArray();
    var validateContents = this.validateContent.toArray();

    fileInputs[index].nativeElement.style.display = "none";
    validateContents[index].nativeElement.style.display = "block";
    fileInputs[index].nativeElement.innerHTML = event.target.files[0].name;
}

Here is the link of working example :
https://stackblitz.com/edit/angular-view-children

Extra Notes :

@ViewChild:
You can use ViewChild to get the first element or the directive
  matching the selector from the view DOM. If the view DOM changes, and
  a new child matches the selector, the property will be updated.
@ViewChildren:
You can use ViewChildren to get the QueryList of elements or
  directives from the view DOM. Any time a child element is added,
  removed, or moved, the query list will be updated, and the changes
  observable of the query list will emit a new value.

A: Eliseo is right you should get index value instead of 0. That's why. To show and hide a div, you must create a class variable like showInfo = null by default and set it with the file array value.
Change the value when the use click on the download button using <button (click)="showInfo=item[index]"/>
 Then in your HTML use
Download {{item.name}}

which display the info if existing

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Sportclub Pfullendorf 1919 e.V. é uma agremiação esportiva alemã, fundada a 2 de agosto de 1919, sediada em Pfullendorf, no estado de Baden-Württemberg. Além do futebol, possui departamentos de xadrez, tênis de mesa e Ice stock sport, um esporte bastante similar ao Curling.

História
Foi criado, em 1919, como parte do clube de ginástica TV Pfullendorf. Tornou-se independente, em 1921, sob o nome de SC Pfullendorf, sendo oficialmente registrado como um clube em 25 de fevereiro de 1924.

Após a Segunda Guerra Mundial foi renomeado SV Pfullendorf e jogou oito partidas sob a nova denominação na temporada 1945-1946 da Amateurliga Einheitsklasse Bodensee/Schwarzwald. O clube foi então dissolvido, mas prontamente reorganizado como FC Pfullendorf, a 21 de setembro de 1946, e se reafirmou SC Pfullendorf, a 23 de junho de 1950.

Ao longo da década de 1950, 1960 e 1970, o Pfullendorf alternou entre a quarta e quinta divisões, até a extinção da Südbaden Amateurliga (III), em 1976, para a criação da Amateurliga Südbaden-Süd (IV). O clube fez sua primeira aparição na Copa da Alemanha, em 1978, quando caiu na primeira rodada pelo time do FC Hamburg.

O SCP passou treze temporadas na terceira divisão entre 1976 e 1994, pontuando na maioria das vezes na parte inferior da tabela. O seu melhor resultado foi um quinto lugar, em 1993, na então Amateur Oberliga Baden-Württemberg (III).

Durante esse período, o Pfullendorf fez três aparições na Copa da Alemanha. Em 1980-1981 bateu o Blumenthaler SV por 2 a 0 na primeira fase, antes de perder por 1 a 0 diante do SV Siegburg na segunda fase. Suas próximas participações resultaram na saída precoce da competição. Em 1983-1984 foi goleado por 7 a 0 pelo Eintracht Braunschweig, e em 1990-1991 caiu diante do MSV Duisburg, na época participante da 2. Bundesliga.

A segunda metade da década de 1990 foi difícil para o clube. A equipe desceu para a Südbaden Verbandliga, em 1994, e depois passou as três temporadas na Oberliga Baden-Württemberg (IV). O Pfullendorf retornou à Regionalliga Süd na temporada 1998-1999, na qual apesar de ter um time robusto, terminou em décimo-sexto lugar e salvo do rebaixamento apenas pela maior diferença do gols.

A temporada seguinte foi ainda mais emocionante para os torcedores, visto que o time passou a vencer os jogos e disparou para um segundo lugar. A colocação garantiu uma aparição na fase de promoção para a segunda divisão. O time empatou em 1 a 1 com o LR Ahlen, mas perdeu por 3 a 1 para o Union Berlin.

No ano seguinte o clube entrou em colapso e foi rebaixado para a Oberliga Baden-Württemberg (IV) após terminar na décima-sétima colocação. Na sua quinta participação na Copa da Alemanha foi novamente breve. O time foi eliminado na primeira fase ao cair diante do SC Freiburg, então partícipe da Bundesliga.

Entretanto, o Pfullendorf rapidamente recuperou o seu lugar na terceira divisão em 2002. Depois de ficar um par de temporadas no meio da tabela, na Regionalliga Süd (III), a equipe se avizinhou do rebaixamento em duas campanhas e teria, de fato, caído após um décimo-sexto lugar, em 2005, se o SC Feucht não tivesse sido excluído do campeonato por razões de ordem financeira.

Em 2006, o clube jogou a sua décima temporada consecutiva na Regionalliga Süd, agora transformada em quarto nível do futebol alemão. Apesar da luta contínua e incessante para não ser rebaixado, o time conseguiu uma grata surpresa ao vencer o Arminia Bielefeld, então partícipe da Bundesliga, na primeira fase da Copa da Alemanha. Na fase seguinte o time foi eliminado ao perder por 2 a 0 para o Kickers Offenbach, o qual participava do segundo nível do futebol alemão.

Títulos

Liga
 Regionalliga Süd
 Vice-campeão: 2000;
 Oberliga Baden-Württemberg
 Champions: 2002;
 Verbandsliga Südbaden
 Campeão: (5) 1980, 1982, 1988, 1990, 1995;
 Landesliga Südbaden 3
 Campeão: 2004;‡

Copas
 South Baden Cup
 Vencedor: (5) 1983, 1990, 2006, 2008, 2010;
 Vice-campeão: 2007;

 ‡: Vencido com o time reserva.

Cronologia recente
A recente performance do clube:

Ligações externas
 Site oficial
 Guia do futebol alemão
 SC Pfullendorf no Weltfussball.de
 Das deutsche Fußball-Archiv Arquivo Histórico do Futebol Alemão

Clubes de futebol da Alemanha
Clubes de futebol fundados em 1919

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Although figures on deadly violence against journalists in Colombia continue to decrease – for example, 2016 was the first year of the last seven in which there were no murders of journalists because of their work – the forms of censorship have "mutated" and are far from being overcome in Colombia.
Cover of FLIP's annual report. Screenshot.
This is indicated by the 2016 annual report from the Foundation for Press Freedom (FLIP for its acronym in Spanish) which was released on Feb. 9 to mark National Journalist's Day in the country.
During 2016, FLIP recorded 216 violations to freedom of the press that translated into 262 victims. This represents an increase of 47 percent compared with 2015. In general, the pressures, threats, obstacles and aggressions multiplied. According to the organization, during the past year, there were 47 physical aggressions, 44 obstructions of journalistic work and 90 threats against the press. This last figure represents an increase of 52.5 percent compared with 2015.
"Censorship no longer kills as many journalists as it did in the 1990s or early 2000s, but it has evolved into more sophisticated forms, which do not have sufficient public rejection and are able to hinder the free flow of information," FLIP said in its report.
One of the "most serious" cases from 2016, according to the organization, was the kidnapping of journalists Salud Hernández-Mora, Diego D'Pablos, Carlos Melo, William del Carmen Mora, Diego Velosa and Maria Zulay Ropero by the guerrilla group ELN in May.
Obstacles to the work of the press were also present during coverage of the country's main issues of public interest. One of these was the agrarian strike in Colombia that lasted 12 days, an event that made journalists more vulnerable to attacks by protesters.
The theme of peace and postconflict occupied a special chapter of FLIP's annual report. The organization wondered if freedom of the press will be guaranteed in the country during this time of peace, taking into account the background of coverage of the plebiscite and the prohibition of journalists from entering areas where demobilized members of the FARC will be located. The latter was established in the new peace agreement endorsed by Congress, which said that no civilians can enter these zones.
Another chapter of the report talks about the Mechanism for Protection of Journalists, which FLIP believes needs to change. One of the aspects that it points out as problematic is that the National Unit of Protection (UNP) for the country continues to work in a "reactive" way, meaning, only when a journalist is facing imminent risk. For FLIP, the Government has failed to provide the necessary resources for "prevention," which are stipulated in the mechanism, it said.
The report also points out that the response time must be shortened, meaning the moment the request arrives until the UNP gives a final response. The FLIP also lists the judicial component as "missing" during the 16 years of the mechanism. The lack of convictions against those responsible is one of the causes for repeated attacks. FLIP believes this situation must be taken into account by the Mechanism's Committee on Risk and Recommendation for Measures (Cerem for its acronym in Spanish) to determine if a journalist should continue under protection measures.
Other chapters of the report have to do with journalists in the regional areas of the country and the silence forced upon them, the high rates of impunity in crimes against journalists, as well as different laws that could affect journalistic practice.
The organization also mentioned another form of censorship that is not direct or involving the use of violence. According to FLIP, it is increasingly common to use the judicial process to request that content be corrected or removed from physical and digital media. According to their data, people mentioned in the articles file lawsuits if this is not done.
For FLIP, battles in the digital realm are even more difficult because "the transformation of the internet is leaving many open questions about what is legitimate or not in the network and who should make the decisions" concerning information leaks.
Finally, regarding the authors of these attacks, FLIP documented that they were unknown most of the time, in 70 cases. In 41 cases, the aggressors were categorized as private citizens, while public officials and the public force occupied the following places as authors in 37 and 25 cases, respectively.


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Vology Inc
PPP Loan Data — Vology Inc, Clearwater, FL
ALERT: There are 2 PPP loans for a total of $6.31M in our database for businesses with the name "Vology Inc" in Clearwater, FL. This this is typically due to the same business receiving both first and second-draw loans, but may also include similarly named but unrelated businesses, multiple branches of the same business, mistaken multiple applications, or potential fraud. Click each loan below to see full details.
$2M Loan - Corporation - February, 2021
15950 Bay Vista Dr
Lender: Valley National Bank
$4.31M Loan - Corporation - April, 2020
Industry: Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services
Location: Clearwater, FL
Vology Inc is a corporation located at 15950 Bay Vista Dr in Clearwater, Florida that received a Coronavirus-related PPP loan from the SBA of $2,000,000.00 in February, 2021.
Ongoing Loan
Vology Inc in Clearwater, FL received a Paycheck Protection Loan of $2M through Valley National Bank, which was approved in February, 2021.
This loan has been disbursed by the lender and has not yet been fully repaid or forgiven. The exact status of ongoing loans is not released by the SBA.
For Vology Inc, the calculation used to estimate payroll costs is shown below:
($2M / 2.5) * 12 = $9.6M
Based on the standard PPP eligibility formula, it may be possible to estimate the payroll expenses represented by a company on their PPP application (see details above). In order to qualify for the PPP loan amount received, Vology Inc's 2019 payroll expenses are estimated to be at least $9.6M.
On the PPP application, Vology Inc reported intending to use the proceeds of their PPP loan for the following expenses:
Utilities: $1
Because the loan received by Vology Inc is at least $2M dollars, it is subject to a full review by the SBA to ensure eligibility and compliance with PPP program requirements.
Business Information - Vology Inc in Clearwater, FL
Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services
Pinellas County, FL — SBA Office 0455 — Congressional District: FL-13
Nationwide, 10,054 businesses in the "Data Processing, Hosting, and Related Services" industry received a total of $1.51B in PPP loans. This industry in total received less than 1% of the total PPP funding distributed.
PPP recipients in this industry report an average of 11 employees, 95% lower than Vology Inc's reported 204 employees, and received an average PPP loan of $149,750, 93% lower than this company's loan of $2M.
Vology, Inc
Vology, Inc is a corporation located at 15950 Bay Vista Dr in Clearwater, Florida that received a Coronavirus-related PPP loan from the SBA of $4,311,155.00 in April, 2020.
Vology, Inc in Clearwater, FL received a Paycheck Protection Loan of $4.31M through Valley National Bank, which was approved in April, 2020.
For Vology, Inc, the calculation used to estimate payroll costs is shown below:
Based on the standard PPP eligibility formula, it may be possible to estimate the payroll expenses represented by a company on their PPP application (see details above). In order to qualify for the PPP loan amount received, Vology, Inc's 2019 payroll expenses are estimated to be at least $20.69M.
On the PPP application, Vology, Inc reported intending to use the proceeds of their PPP loan for the following expenses:
Because the loan received by Vology, Inc is at least $2M dollars, it is subject to a full review by the SBA to ensure eligibility and compliance with PPP program requirements.
Business Information - Vology, Inc in Clearwater, FL
PPP recipients in this industry report an average of 11 employees, 95% lower than Vology, Inc's reported 213 employees, and received an average PPP loan of $149,750, 97% lower than this company's loan of $4.31M.
Source: www.federalpay.org/paycheck-protection-program/vology-inc-clearwater-fl


text:
Macau beats Vegas at its own game
Chinese cash helps former Portuguese colony overtake US city's gaming revenues
Place your bets ... The lavish casino at the Grand Lisboa hotel, opened by Stanley Ho earlier this year. Macau is increasingly using star appearances to boost visitor numbers. Photograph: Samantha Sin/AFP
Jonathan Watts in Macau
@jonathanwatts
Fri 20 Jul 2007 05.32 EDT
Take 1,000 blackjack tables, hundreds of roulette wheels and a network of fake Venetian canals.
Spice with a bevy of Playboy bunnies and the occasional squad of Premier League football players, sweeten with a gambling-mad population of more than a billion people and then mix in the biggest hotel in Asia. The result? The entertainment hub of Macau, which has overtaken Las Vegas in gaming revenues and now looks set to be the gambling capital of the world for decades to come.
In a sign of newfound pulling power, Manchester United will visit for an exhibition game here next week. While the tabloids are likely to focus on the presence of enthusiastic gambler Wayne Rooney in one of the world's biggest casinos, the real significance of the match on Monday is that it marks a new stage in Macau's push into the international limelight.
Rooney, Cristiano Ronaldo and their team-mates are the advance guard of an army of international sports and music stars making their way to this former Portugese colony (now, like Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China) just as Elvis Presley and Tom Jones made a beeline for Nevada in the 1970s. In October, the enclave will host a National Basketball Association extravaganza. In the following month comes tennis, with Pete Sampras playing Roger Federer. There are also plans for big-name concerts and circuses.
They represent a shift in the international balance of capital and culture as China grows richer and more powerful, just as globalisation has an ever greater impact.
Drawn by the proximity of China's 1.3 billion-strong population, America's tycoons are opening casinos and hotels here at the rate of almost one a month.
The biggest will be the Venetian Macau with 3,000 hotel suites, 850 tables, 350 shops, a 15,000-seat entertainment arena, multi-purpose theatre and network of canals which will be Asia's biggest hotel and a contender for the most lucrative casino in the world.
But this resort, which opens fully in August, is just the beginning for the new strip on the reclaimed land of Cotai. Christie Hefner recently announced plans to build China's first Playboy Mansion here. International designer brands are lining up to open shops nearby.
"Macau is a phenomenon. When people ask me 'what is China like?', I tell them go and look at Macau," said David Tang, a Hong Kong businessmen and designer who will open a boutique on the Cotai strip. "It is a bit wild west, frantic about money, frantic about building and screw the rest. It is supremely capitalist."
Macau is awash with cash and tourists. Every year, billions of dollars of investment are pouring in from overseas just as billions of Chinese yuan in gambling revenues flow in from the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan. In the past decade, visitor numbers have more than tripled to pass the 20 million mark. This in a cosy island community of just 500,000 people.
Such is the surge of construction that even mainland China looks laggardly by comparison. The skyline is never still as cranes, scaffolding and tens of thousands of labourers reshape this traditional and culturally rich territory. It is not always a pretty sight.
To emphasise the wealth of the island, many new casino resorts are not just illuminated by neon but built with garish materials. The Sands is made of burnished gold; the MGM Macau, which opens in November, is a cigarette-lighter shaped complex layered in gold, silver and bronze, while towering above them both is the half-completed lotus of the Grand Lisboa. By day, it looks like a giant piece of cheap jewellery, but at night the illuminations are stunning.
It is owned by Stanley Ho, the local patriarch who had the monopoly on gambling in Macau until 2002. Until then the territory had a reputation for Triad gangsters, money laundering and prostitution. But with the liberalisation of the market, international capital has transformed the gambling business. Mr Ho's Sociedade de Jogos de Macau (SJM) group is now racing to catch up with new American competitors.
"Macau is going through a period of accelerated evolution," said Frank McFadden, president of new business development at SJM. But he says the target is not Las Vegas, which is also growing rapidly. "We are really after the Chinese market. The savings ratio there is high and more than 40% is being moved into stock. They have a high level of disposable income."
Mr McFadden knows the potential. He was formerly manager of Sands Macau, which recouped its initial investment less than a year after it opened in 2004. The Grand Lisboa is still only partly finished, but it claimed a million visitors in its first month after the casino floor opened in February.
Across the road is the Wynn resort, which began business last September offering gambling, fine dining for 1,000 people and top-of-the-range bedroom suites for HK$35,000 (£2,200) complete with butler service and massage room.
"We have seen fascinating changes," said Reddy Leong, PR manager for the resort. "Ten years ago, nobody had heard of Macau so we used to have to tell them it was a place near Hong Kong. But now, everybody knows."
Macau is trying to move upmarket. With the development of the Cotai strip, it wants to attract more conference and exhibition business, extending the average visitor's stay from a fervid 1.2 days to a more relaxed 3.5 days.
There are concerns, however, that the growth of the gambling industry could destroy the local community and its mix of Chinese and Portuguese traditions. There is more money than ever before, but also more traffic, a higher divorce rate and the closure of small businesses that cannot afford a tripling of rent prices. University students are being lured away from their courses by the prospect of $2,000 per month dealer salaries - far more than they could earn in most other more skilled jobs.
"A lot of wealth has been gained by a lot of people. But we don't know what the long-term impact of that will be on the community," said Glenn McCartney, a lecturer, pub owner and honorary British consul.
Since he came to Macau in 1997, Mr McCartney says annual visitor numbers have increased from 7 million to 22 million. They are expected to hit 36 million by 2010. Almost all come to gamble, but he says it is important for tourists and investors to remember that they are visiting and building on something more substantial than the sands of Nevada. "I don't like to say that Macau is the Las Vegas of Asia because it is different. Las Vegas came out of the desert, but this is a place with history, where people have lived for generations," he said.
The expansion still has a long way to go. Next year, hundreds more tables, slots machines and hotel rooms will come on line. Local businessmen expect economic growth to sizzle along at 20% a year at least until 2012. And to keep the high-rollers rolling in, the authorities are planning a $3.8bn bridge that would link Macau with Hong Kong and the mainland city of Zhuhai.
There is concern that capacity may exceed demand. But as long as the Communist government in Beijing supports this cash cow by banning gambling on the mainland while keeping the borders open to Macau, prospects are likely to remain rosy. The urge to bet among Chinese punters shows no sign of flagging.
The big names
$7.2bn gross gaming revenues in 2006 at 22 casinos.
Former Portuguese colony with a long tradition as a bastion of Catholicism, handed over to China in 1999. The gaming industry has been the mainstay of the economy for decades. Until 2002, it was monopolised by the local tycoon Stanley Ho. For much of that time, Macau had a reputation for Triad gangs, money laundering and prostitution. But in recent years, the market has been liberalised and many US-owned casinos have opened on the main island and along the new Cotai strip, aimed at the exhibition, conference and entertainment market.
$6.6bn gross gaming revenues in 2006 at the strip's 40-odd casinos.
The casino strip was largely built from the sands of Nevada after gambling was legalised in the US in 1931. Famed for decades as a centre of organised crime and prostitution. Experienced a building boom in the 1990s as resorts such as the Wynn arrived with a promise of more family-oriented leisure experience and the attraction of big names such as Celine Dion.


This page shows the exchange rate of Bahraini Dinar (BHD) To Chinese Yuan (CNY) on 17 Sep 2018 (17/09/2018). If you would like to view the current exchange rate of the currency pair, please visit Bahraini Dinar (BHD) To Chinese Yuan (CNY) Exchange Rates Today. You also can click the currency name to view the exchange rates of this currency converting to other currencies.


Croatian Electric is a family owned and operated business established in 1949 by Marko Yelavich senior the son of a Croatian immigrant to Canada. The Yelavich family has passed down the electric trade from father to son over three generations.
Croatian Electric provides a wide range of electrical services including Wiring Services, Electrical Services, Lighting Services for commercial and residential properties in the Toronto area.
These are the most FREQUENTLY ASKED ELECTRICAL QUESTIONS presented by our clients in the Toronto area. Contact us today at (416) 520 – 0157 so that we can discuss your electrical needs; since each electrical configuration and design is different our licensed Electrician / Electricians will study your case and provide an array of electrical solution options along with the recommendation.
Most provinces call for 100 amps minimum, but with all the new electronic devices, air conditioning and electric heat, I would suggest 200 amps especially in new homes. This also gives you some space for future additions. This is not a job for an unlicensed person to attempt: you will want a licensed Electrician do this work. In most cases it involves replacing everything from the service loop (this is the wire that extends from the top of your meter to the utility tie in) up to and including the main electrical panel.
Where do you put G.F.I.'s?
Any bathroom or garage outlet within 6′ of a sink must be GFCI protected. The code also requires all kitchen outlets for countertop use to be GFCI protected. GFCI outlets must be installed in any area where electricity and water may come into contact, including basements, pools, spas, utility rooms, attached garages and outdoors. At least one GFCI outlet is required in an unfinished basement and for most outdoor outlets.
There are two types of GFCIs in homes and workplaces: the GFCI outlet and the GFCI circuit breaker. Both do the same job, but each has different applications and limitations.
As a replacement for the standard electrical outlet the GFCI outlet is not dependent of a ground to work. It doesn't measure shorts to the ground but rather the electrical current difference between the hot wire and the neutral wire. A sudden difference of 5 ma. or more trips the device by letting it know that there is another path for the electricity to travel through. The only downside to this is there may be some nuisance tripping in highly inductive loads like large motors or even fluorescent lamps or fixtures on the same circuit. But the newer models seemed to have corrected this somewhat.
A GFCI outlet will protect appliances when they are plugged into it. In this sense the GFCI outlets can also be can also be wired to protect additional outlets that are connected to it. The GFCI circuit breaker controls an entire circuit, and is installed as a replacement for a circuit breaker on the building's main circuit board. Instead of installing many GFCI outlets, one GFCI circuit breaker can protect an entire circuit. There is a test button and a reset button on these units. If you press the test button the reset should pop out. To reset just push the reset button in.
Putting lights on GFCI outlets isn't such a great idea: you'll want protected circuits so as not to be left in the dark should the electrical circuit trip. For much the same reason equipment that can't go without electrical power for an extended time should not be placed on a GFCI protected circuit (refrigerators, freezers, sump pumps and other machines that without electrical power might cause costly losses or property damage). GFCIs are very sensitive and are subject to nuisance tripping and the GFCI outlets outside often don't last even under the best of conditions. Be sure to test the device using the "test" button before you use one.
In Ontario Canada any electrical work done in the home or workplace must be inspected by an Electrical Safety Inspector with the ESA. Doing electrical work yourself can be a gamble, especially when one is not a licensed electrician or trained in the dangers of electricity and extreme voltage. How much are you willing to risk to save money: To fully understand electricity and become an electrician requires much training: to make an error for even the smallest of jobs could become a safety hazard. One it comes to electricity, don`t take a chance and `think` it is right: Hire a licensed Electrician to do this work such as those with CROATIAN ELECTRIC.
Where a property owner does not abide by the provincial regulations it is important to highlight that in case of damage or fire caused by the electrical work, the insurance most likely will not pay, they will only if the work is done by a licensed Electrical Contractor. It`s a good idea to check with the Insurance provider e.g. homeowners Insurance Co., and they should sign a document or something to this effect to acknowledge this when they pull a permit.
The time to be cautious is when you tell yourself: `This is easy. I can do it myself. Why should i get an electrician?` Avoid paying more than what it originally would cost and not having to endure the frustration of not knowing or remembering how all the wires get connected, perhaps having the hair on your head stand up and then coming to the realisation that perhaps an Electrician is a good idea to figure out the mess.
How many convenience outlets in each room?
In every kitchen, family room, dining room, living room, parlor, library, den, bedroom, or similar room or area of dwelling units, receptacle outlets shall be installed so that no point along the floor line in any wall space there is more than six feet, from an outlet in that space. This is to prevent the use of extension cords. It is best to place the outlets 18 inches above floor level. Switches are usually 48 inches from floor level. For convenience outlets each single receptacle in a single branch circuit is usually figured for 1.5 amps, duplex outlets for 3 amps in estimating total amperage for that circuit. Air conditioners should be on a single dedicated circuit.
All electrical outlets installed within six feet of a kitchen sink or wetbar shall have G.F.C.I. protection. Kitchen outlets on the countertops should have a minimum two 20 amp branch circuits that can be used for small appliances. It is strongly recommended to have each fixed appliance (refrigerator, stove, dish washer) on its own dedicated circuit. For countertops 12 inches or wider an outlet should be installed so that there is no more than 24 inches between receptacles. For island countertops should be installed above, or within 12 inches below the countertop. There shall be no more than 24 inches from center line of countertop. No receptacle shall be installed face up on a sink counter top.
Starting January 1, 2002, The National Electrical Code, Section 210-12, requires that all branch circuits supplying 125V, single phase, 15 and 20 ampere outlets installed in dwelling unit bedrooms be protected by an arc-fault Circuit interrupter. Eventually they will be in more areas but the NEC selected to require them on bedroom circuits first because a CPSC study showed many home fire deaths were related to bedroom circuits.
The AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter) breaker, will shut off a circuit in a fraction of a second if arcing develops. The current inside of an arc is not always high enough to trip a regular breaker. You must have noticed a cut or worn piece of a cord or a loose connection in a junction box or receptacle arcing and burnt without tripping the regular breaker. As you can guess this is a major cause of fires in a dwelling.
There is a difference between AFCIs and GFCIs. AFCIs are intended to reduce the likelihood of fire caused by electrical arcing faults; whereas, GFCIs are personnel protection intended to reduce the likelihood of electric shock hazard. Don't misunderstand, GFCIs are still needed and save a lot of lives.
Combination devices that include both AFCI and GFCI protection in one unit will become available soon. AFCIs can be installed in any 15 or 20 ampere branch circuit in homes today and are currently available as circuit breakers with built-in AFCI features. In the near future, other types of devices with AFCI protection will be available.
If a GFCI receptacle is installed on the load side of an AFCI it is possible for both the AFCI and the GFCI to trip on a fault if the current exceeds the limit for both devices. It is also possible for the AFCI to trip and the GFCI to not trip since the two devices could race each other. However, in no case is safety compromised.


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Swinging Through London
In 1965, Diana Vreeland, editor of Vogue magazine, said "London is the most swinging city in the world at the moment." And she wasn't far wrong!
If you were a bright young thing in the 1960's hip and with it, Swinging London was the place to be. For fashion and culture, London was the centre of the universe, and symbolized one of the quickest and most explosive cultural revolutions of the 20th century. London flourished and the rest of the world followed its lead in all things modern and hip.
Basically a youth-orientated phenomenon that lay emphasis on the new and the modern, Swinging London saw its beginnings in the recovery of the British economy after post World War II austerity.
This was a time when the world's first supermodels were becoming celebrities in their own right, Jean Shrimpton was the world's highest paid and most recognized. Shrimpton at the time was being hailed as "The Face of the '60s" and was considered by many as "the symbol of Swinging London" and the "embodiment of the 1960s." Veruschka, Penelope Tree and Twiggy were fast following behind the Shrimp's sling-backs and were putting London on the map.
Two of the epicenters of this phenomenon were the fashionable shopping areas of Carnaby Street Soho and Kings Road, Chelsea. Carnaby Street proved a magnet for hippies and mods alike with many independent and well known designers setting up shop there. Mary Quant, Marion Foale Sally Tuffin, Lord John, Merc, Take Six, I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet, Kleptomania, Mates, Ravel, and others drew crowds of bright young things shaking off the conventional attitudes of the 1950's to embrace the swinging sixties. With bands such as Small Faces, The Who, and Rolling Stones appearing in the area to work, shop, and socialize, it became one of Swinging London's coolest destinations.
As Time Magazine proclaimed "Perhaps nothing illustrates the new swinging London better than the narrow, three-block-long Carnaby Street, which is crammed with a cluster of the 'gear' boutiques where the girls and boys buy each other clothing…"
The British flag, the Union Flag, became a symbol, assisted by events such as England's home victory in the 1966 World Cup. Adorning everything from mini-skirts, shirts, bags and shoes one would think that all our fashionable young Londoners were very patriotic.
It is strange today to associate one city with a cultural and social revolution. With advances made in technology and with the help of the internet changes and trends are universal and instataneous. Swinging London developed over time and exploded just when the time was right.


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A Move Across the World that Changed Her Life: CUNY York College Student Nafisa Tabassum
As part of the "Young Women Shaping the Future of Tech Series," a CUNY York College student and Break Through Tech New York program alum, Nafisa Tabassum, shares her journey into tech.
Nafisa Tabassum she/her
CUNY York College student and Break Through Tech New York program alum
Nafisa Tabassum's move from her home in Bangladesh to the United States still serves as one of the most critical moments in her life. When she first arrived in New York in 2015, she did not speak English. After she enrolled at CUNY York College, things eased once she began classes. She knew that she loved mathematics and decided to become a Mathematics Tutor on-campus. Little did she know all of what would be in store for her next.
In the summer of 2018, Nafisa received an email about Break Through Tech, where she took a leap of faith and applied to a Summer Guild program. The program allowed her to build upon her interest in tech and mathematics and implement her technical skills towards building a project. Her Summer Guild project was to create an autocomplete server for customer service agents, and she had to learn Python. "For about two weeks of hard work in the project, I was able to find a solution where the outcome was efficient. I was also able to learn a lot about programming in Python and to think about a real-world problem in particular."
After the Summer Guild Program, Nafisa went on to pursue more opportunities with Break Through Tech. In January of 2019, she did a Sprinternship® with ASAPP's Machine Learning team . Later, during January of 2020, she did another Sprinternship® with Cognizant's Product team, focusing on agile development and IT-related subjects. With increased confidence and experience, Nafisa secured several other internships the following year, including a research program at the University of Tennessee and a software development internship.
Although she already had a passion for mathematics, Break Through Tech introduced Nafisa to the tech space and helped her decide on a Computer Science degree.
"When I started participating in Break Through Tech's programs, I immediately understood how much I loved the tech space."
She particularly recalls the Summer Guild program, where she and a team of five women worked on an app to make the MTA more accessible for NYC residents. "I still remember going to the Microsoft Office in Times Square and working on the subway project." Nafisa attributes Maria DiKun, Andrea Shapiro Davis, and Judith Spitz as key women who helped her career journey. During the end of Nafisa's first Summer Guild, Judith shared her experience founding Break Through Tech, which further inspired Nafisa to pursue a path in tech.
Nafisa takes Break Through Tech's slogan statement as one of the most important lessons: "The future of tech is female." When looking back on her accomplishments, Nafisa is most proud that she completed an internship with Genworth Financial as an IT intern during the summer of 2020. Not only did she have to learn a new programming language in such a short amount of time, but she also found confidence in her interpersonal skills. As she progresses in her career, she wants others to know that communication and networking are essential to success, but perseverance will get you even further.
Moving forward, Nafisa hopes to continue improving her professional development skills by being proactive with technical interviews and practicing her coding skills. She also plans to complete a Master's degree in Computer Science in the near future. As Nafisa still has much ahead of her, she is excited about her future and hopes to continue gaining more tech expertise, especially as a Muslim and South Asian woman.
We're excited to follow Nafisa on her journey as she forges ahead into her career as a woman of color in tech and can't wait to see how much farther she will go.


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Blessed Constantine XII, last of the Byzantine emperors, martyred by the Turks (1453)
Commemorated on May 29
On this date in 1453, Constantinople, the capital city of the Christian world, was sacked by the forces of Sultan Mehmet (Mohammed) II, bringing it under Turkish rule, where it remains to this day.
Constantine XII, the last Byzantine Emperor, died defending the city. Sources are sharply divided as to whether he is to be counted as a Christian Martyr. The designation "Blessed Constantine", above, is from the St Herman Calendar, whose compilers cite Russian martyrologies which list him as a saint. However, the Prologue cites the fall of Constantinople while pointedly omitting any praise of Constantine. He accepted (and never publicly renounced) the false "union" of Florence, and so is counted by some as a heretic. Many Orthodox Christians, including many of the people of Constantinople, saw the city's fall as divine retribution for the Empire's acceptance of the union.
Before his death the Emperor donned soldier's armor and helped to man the ramparts of the City; his body was never found. Though various legends abound, the most likely explanation is that he died with many other defenders and was cast with them into a common grave.