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Milwaukee County Executive Chris Abele today announced that the County has received approval from the U.S. Department of Transportation to enter into the Project Development (PD) phase of the East-West Bus Rapid Transit Project, a critical next step in the process to modernize our transit system and drive economic activity in all corners of the County.
This key approval allows Milwaukee County and the Milwaukee County Transit System to begin environmental and engineering studies on the 9-mile BRT route. Further, by entering into the PD phase, any money spent on the studies can be applied as the local match of the project cost.
The County Executive's upcoming budget, due October 1st, is expected to include funding to continue planning for the Bus Rapid Transit project as part of a broader commitment to ensuring a sustainable transit system for years to come. As the Public Policy Forum recently observed, Milwaukee County is at a fork in the road when it comes to transportation and infrastructure. In order to preserve the progress we've made and have the ability to make smart investments with an eye towards the future, like Bus Rapid Transit, we must take steps to ensure the overall sustainability of our transit system with dedicated funding, like the vehicle registration fee.
The 9-mile BRT route would provide an improved transit connection to major employment and activity centers through downtown Milwaukee, the Milwaukee Regional Medical Center, Milwaukee's near west side, and Wauwatosa. With more frequent service and faster travel times, BRT will give riders more time to spend with their families, more time to study for a final exam, or simply more time to relax at home.
An analysis shows that in less than 20 years the BRT project will attract thousands of new riders every day and cut bus travel times on the route. The study team found the proposed BRT service would benefit drivers by taking more than 6,100 cars off the road and reduce the amount of miles people drive by up to 17 million miles a year. Fewer cars mean less congestion on local roads, and cleaner air for everyone.
In late August, Milwaukee County submitted an application to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) for grant funding for the BRT project. The FTA is expected to announce funding recipients in 2017 and 2018.


With the full new Vauxhall range available at our dealerships across the UK, at Drive we're proud to offer brilliant value every day. Of course, we're constantly striving to deliver the very best unique prices and deals on all our new cars and vans as well, and as such we have a specialist, limited range of unbeatable new Vauxhall offers, that you can browse via the buttons below.
Select new Vauxhall car offers or new Vauxhall van offers from the icons, or if you're looking for more information simply give your nearest Drive location a call. We have dealerships in Aldershot, Bristol, Bury St. Edmunds, Hartlepool, Haverhill, Leamington Spa, Leicester, Redcar, Weston Super Mare and Yate, and at each and every one, our friendly, experienced team are on hand to help answer all your questions and queries. Find the right new Vauxhall deal for you today at Drive!


The Independent Association to protect ETI depositors have warned that they would surround the residences of the Directors if they fail to give the remaining 10% of their deposit by September 27.
The depositors made this announcement at a meeting held brief their members of the current situation and to invite new members.
Accordingly, 24,700 depositors are in a helpless situation as they are not in a position to redeem their money.


Raw sockets allow direct sending and receiving of IP packets without protocol-specific transport layer formatting and are used for security appliications such as nmap.
TCP provides transmission control protocol and is the primary connection protocol.
UDP (user datagram protocol) is similar to TCP but without the error checking.
Clearly the by-protocol lines above aren't displaying the totality of the socket activity. The figure in the Total line at the top of the output indicates that there is a lot more going on than the by-type lines suggest. Still, these breakdowns can be very useful.
If you want to see a list of all socket activity, you can use the ss -a command, but be prepared to see a lot of activity — as suggested by this output. Much of the socket activity on this system is local to the system being examined.
The a in each of the commands above means "all".
The ss command without arguments will display all established connections. Notice that only two of the connections shown below are for external connections — two other systems on the local network. A significant portion of the output below has been omitted for brevity.
To see just established tcp connections, use the -t option.
To display only listening sockets, try ss -lt.


text:
Abdelaziz Meziane Belfkih, né en 1944 à Taourirt, et mort le  à Rabat, est un homme politique marocain. Il fut un des plus proches conseillers du roi du Maroc Hassan II puis de son fils le roi Mohammed VI.

Il était aussi le Président de la Commission spéciale éducation-formation (COSEF) et Président délégué du Conseil supérieur de l'enseignement.

Diplômes et formations
 Ingénieur en génie civil de l'École nationale des ponts et chaussées (Paris).
 Ingénieur de l'Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon.
 DEA en mécanique des solides (Paris X).
 DESS en gestion des projets (Université de Lille).

Carrière professionnelle
Après un premier poste d'ingénieur à la Direction de l'hydraulique (Aménagements du Barrage Moulay Youssef sur la Tessaout), il est nommé Chef de division technique à la Direction des routes, puis Chef de l'Arrondissement des travaux publics et des communications à Rabat.

Au lendemain de la Marche verte, il est nommé en  à Laâyoune comme Coordonnateur de l'ensemble des services du Ministère des travaux publics et des communications dans les provinces Sahariennes.

De retour à Rabat en 1978, il fut successivement :
 Directeur de l'Inspection générale au Ministère de l'équipement et de la promotion nationale de 1978 à 1980.
 Directeur des routes et de la circulation routière de 1980 à 1983.
 Secrétaire général du Ministère des travaux publics, de la formation professionnelle et de la formation des cadres de 1983 à 1992.
 Ministre de l'agriculture et de la réforme agraire du  au .
 Ministre des travaux publics du  au .
 Ministre de l'agriculture, de l'équipement et de l'environnement du  au .

Le , il est nommé Conseiller du roi, poste qu'il a occupé auprès du roi Hassan II et qu'il a continué d'occuper auprès du roi Mohammed VI. En plus de la fonction de Conseiller du roi, il s'est vu confier la responsabilité du pilotage et du suivi de plusieurs dossiers et projets nationaux. Il a ainsi été chargé, depuis , de la direction du projet de la liaison fixe à travers le Détroit de Gibraltar, entre le Maroc et l'Espagne (Tunnel de Gibraltar).

Le , le roi Hassan II le désigne Président de la Commission spéciale éducation-formation (COSEF), qui a élaboré la Charte nationale de réforme du système éducatif, approuvée, en , par le roi Mohammed VI. La COSEF a été alors chargée du suivi, de l'évaluation et de l'enrichissement de la réforme, dans le cadre de la décennie nationale de l'éducation-formation (2001-2010).

Le , le roi Mohammed VI lui confie en plus, la présidence de la Fondation Mohammed VI de promotion des œuvres sociales de l'éducation-formation. Il est Président du Conseil de surveillance de Tanger-Méditerranée (société chargée du projet Tanger-Med). Il a également présidé, en 2002, le « Groupe Bouregreg » qui a élaboré un plan d'aménagement global de la vallée de Bouregreg (Rabat-Salé), actuellement en cours d'exécution.

En 2006, il est nommé par le roi Mohammed VI, Président délégué du Conseil supérieur de l'enseignement.

Décorations
 Nationales : Commandeur de l'Ordre du Trône.
 Françaises : Commandeur de la Légion d'Honneur. Grand Officier de l'Ordre National du Mérite.
 Italiennes : Cavalière di Gran Croce.
 Espagnoles : Gran Cruz De Isabel La Catolica.

Notes et références

Naissance à Oujda
Ministre marocain de l'Agriculture
Ministre marocain de l'Environnement
Ministre marocain de l'Équipement
Conseiller du roi du Maroc
Ingénieur marocain
Naissance en 1944
Décès en mai 2010
Ministre sous Hassan II
Mort d'un cancer au Maroc
Décès à Rabat

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
 Mis listas de obras

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                            {{booklist.comments.length}} {{booklist.comments.length == 1 ? 'Comentario' : 'Comentarios'}} | {{booklist.description | htmlLimit:150}}

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            No has creado ninguna lista todavía, ¿deseas crear una?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Label: poker dining table set. poker tables with dining tops. poker tables dining tops. custom poker dining game tables. custom poker dining tables.
Label: round black mirror on chain. round black iron mirror. black round vanity mirror. zara home black round mirror. round black mirror cape town.
Label: tall silver hurricane candle holders. tall glass hurricane candle holders. tall gold hurricane candle holders. tall stemmed hurricane candle holders. tall hurricane candle holders.
Label: front door wood awnings for home. modern front door awnings. front door awnings images. ideas for front door awnings. simple front door awnings.
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Label: farmhouse style dining table with leaf. farmhouse style dining table decor. farmhouse style square dining table. french farmhouse style extending dining table. rustic farmhouse style dining table.


text:
Return to sport for North American professional sport leagues in the context of COVID-19
John P DiFiori National Basketball Association, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Gary Green Major League Baseball, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Willem Meeuwisse National Hockey League, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Margot Putukian Major League Soccer, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Gary S Solomon National Football League, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Allen Sills National Football League, New York City, NY, USA PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles
Correspondence to Dr Gary S Solomon, National Football League, New York, NY 10154, USA; Gary.Solomon{at}nfl.com
DiFiori JP, Green G, Meeuwisse W, et al
British Journal of Sports Medicine Published Online First: 23 September 2020. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-103227
Accepted September 8, 2020
Previous version (23 September 2020).
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. This article is made freely available for use in accordance with BMJ's website terms and conditions for the duration of the covid-19 pandemic or until otherwise determined by BMJ. You may use, download and print the article for any lawful, non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained.https://bmj.com/coronavirus/usage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Status change to open after receiving email I have a question and want to know if we can achieve this by SharePoint & flow.
The scenario is, I have created a simple SharePoint list with a choice column (In-Progress and Completed). When I change the status to completed, the users will receive an email that your request has been completed. I was wondering, is there a way if the user replies to the email and status changes to in-progress again?
Kind Regards

A: If you just use the send email action, there is no such way to accept the reply.
As a workaround, use the send email with options action as shown below:

Email recipient needs to reply the email to accomplish the flow, if they need further changes, the related list column will be updated to "In-Progress".

----------------------------------Update--------------------------------
Create a new YES/NO column named "ModifiedByFlow", then click settings of the trigger:

Then use the expression @equals(triggerOutputs()?['body/ModifiedByFlow'], false) to add a trigger condition:

Later, remember to set it as Yes when you update item in flow:

In this way, if the "ModifiedByFlow" is Yes, the flow trigger will not work.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The best approach to keeping your locations safe is to use the Locations Synchronization function within the app (also available free of charge on the Desktop Web App). If you have previously synched the locations on your device, you can re-synch to restore them, using the 'Synch' button at the top left of the locations list.
If re-synching doesn't restore locations that you are certain you previously have synched, you can try the Clear synchronized data under Settings within TPE, and then try the synch again. This can be helpful if your device's clock is out of synch with our server clock (which can lead to data not appearing to synchronize).
We recommend that you backup important location data to KML file. You can do this by choosing Export Locations from the Action/Share button in TPE (at the top right of the map screen on iPhone and on the toolbar on iPad). If you have a KML backup file, you can restore lost locations from that file by transferring to your device (e.g. by emailing it to yourself) and then choosing Open in TPE on the device. That will re-import the data to your device.
If you have saved locations on your device which you believe have gone missing, it may be possible to recover them from a backup file. The procedure to recover them involves connecting your device to iTunes on your PC or Mac.
Once you have transferred the file, you can email it to yourself and open it in TPE to re-import any locations the file contains. Alternatively, you can open it in a text editor or a desktop app such as Google Earth to inspect what locations it contains.
Depending on which versions of TPE you have run in the past, you may also see a file titled either 'tpe.sqlite' or 'backup-*.sqlite' (where * is a unique identifier). These files may remain from earlier versions of TPE or have been created during an upgrade to a newer version. They both may contain saved locations.
Recovering locations from sqlite files requires specialist tools (specifically, a program capable of reading SQLite databases).
You can send such files to support@photoephemeris.com and we will inspect them on your behalf to see what information can be recovered.
If you have any questions about the process, feel free to email us.


text:
 var map, infoWindow;
    $(document).ready(function(){
      infoWindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow({});
      map = new GMaps({
        el: '#kml',
        zoom: 12,
        lat: 40.65,
        lng: -73.95
      });
      map.loadFromKML({
        url: 'http://api.flickr.com/services/feeds/geo/?g=322338@N20&lang=en-us&format=feed-georss',
        suppressInfoWindows: true,
        events: {
          click: function(point){
            infoWindow.setContent(point.featureData.infoWindowHtml);
            infoWindow.setPosition(point.latLng);
            infoWindow.open(map.map);
          }
        }
      });
    });


An interactive story that's somewhere between a show and a game.
Calling Netflix's version of Story Mode a "game" is a bit of a misnomer. Unlike the console version, you don't actually interact with the world around you or even control where Jesse, the lead character, moves around; instead, it plays out more like a movie that gives you the occasional list of options to guide the story along. You get to decide where to go when Reuben runs off, or what to craft with Petra, but aside from that, it's a mostly passive experience.
There are currently three episodes available, along with a short introductory episode with Petra guiding you through the mechanics of the story, but Minecraft: Story Mode is slated for five episodes on Netflix in total, with no word yet on whether we'll see a second season like on the console counterparts.
For the time being, Minecraft: Story Mode is playable on Netflix using iOS devices, smart TVs, computers, and game consoles — though notably missing from that compatibility list is Android. You can still watch the story unfold on your Android device, but the show will start with a warning stating that "unfortunately, the interactive features of this show can't be displayed on this device." Luckily, Android users can still enjoy the game through its dedicated app.


Help|Studio from the J menu puts you in the J studio, where you can run labs and demos.
The labs are interactive tutorials. Some describe the J language, some describe addons, others describe J applications. They are all divided into short sections, each of which executes a bit of J code and discusses it. To begin with, while you are just marvelling at the terseness of the language, you should just go through the lab with your eyes open, seeing but not fully understanding.
When you run a lab, press Ctrl+j (Command+j on a Mac) to move to the next section.
Demos, launched by Help|Studio|Showcase or Help|Studio|Qt Demos, are programs that do something cool. In many cases you can see the demo code and its compactness.
Here is a good sequence for the new user to J. See the elegance and speed of the solutions, without trying to understand the details.
Viewmat is a quick visualizer for arrays. J uses lots of arrays. But then, all languages use lots of arrays. Why don't they all have viewmat?
J's plotting package is comparable to any commercial package, plus you can call it from J directly. This makes plotting especially easy.
Run Help|Studio|Showcase|Plot and select different plots. For ones that strike your fancy, click Options|View definition to see the code behind the plot. Isn't it tidy?
For a walkthrough of plotting, run Help|Studio|Labs|Plot Package.
This page was last edited on 11 August 2015, at 23:45.


Yara Shahidi is becoming a household name. She is best known for her roles on the controversial comedy Black-ish and its spinoff Grown-ish and also known for her activism. Besides her TV credits, Yara has scored fashion covers on Essence and Teen Vogue and was the face of Beyoncé's Ivy Park line.
Yara mainly sports natural hair looks. With the help of her hairstylist Nai'vasha, Yara sets hair trends on and off the screen. Which is why we chose to highlight Yara as our hair Shero. Indique carries tight curls and coils that are easy to maintain. Here we will highlight some iconic Yara looks and tell you how to achieve them on your own.
You can recreate this look with Bounce Coil Curl 10 inch. To create the wet and defined look you will need to use the Design Essentials and Curl enhancing mousse. While the hair is wet it is best to use a Denman brush to detangle and separate the curls. Apply the Mousse evenly through our and let air dry.
On here Elle cover, Yara sported these curly pigtails using BOUNCE Coil Curl 10 inch or Sea Fiji Curl 12 inch. Part your hair evenly down the middle, if you would like to hide your own hair you can braid your ends and make small buns that you will wrap the wefted hair around. If you like your big tails nice and fluffy you can leave your ends loose.
Want to show off your cheekbones, try this sleek and fun ponytail. Using Bounce Organic Curl. To slick your edges use Design Essentials Sleek Edge control, do not use a hard bristle brush create this wavy baby hair look.


text:
25 Years of the Killarney Historic Rally – first event December 8, 1996
25 Years of the Killarney Historic Rally
Words: Sean Moriarty Programme Archive: Mike O'Shea
First published in the official programme of 2021 rally programme
Long-serving Killarney and District Motor Club member, Maurice Nagle, identified the gap in the rally calendar in December, after the Rally of the Lakes moved to its now traditional May date. This led to the formation of the Killarney Historic Rally. It has etched itself into the mainstay of Irish rallying.
Dessie Nutt, who would go on to become the most successful driver in the event's history, recorded his first of seven wins. He outpaced the rally's first winner, John Keatley, who was back this year in the same Porsche 911 he drove to victory in 1996. Sadly, Dessie passed away in the run-up to this year's rally.
The same pair of drivers fought for honours in the third running of the rally – Nutt taking the win from Keatley by well over a minute.
Geoff Crabtree and Liz Jordan made it a Porsche one-two-three at the finish ramp.
The winners of the modified section were Kieran O'Neill and Paul Nagle marking Nagle's first victory on the early steps of his journey to World Rally Championship stardom.
Dessie Nutt recorded a hat-trick of wins, with Geraldine McBride on the notes, the Porsche crew held off the early challenge of John Keatley and Maurice Beckett.
Gary McCormick acted as event Clerk of the Course this year and 20 years later his son Darren took the helm, marking the first time in the club's history that a father and son clerked the Historic or any KDMC rally.
The 2000 Killarney Historic Stages Rally was won, once again by Derry-based GP, Dessie Nutt. The victory marks his fourth consecutive triumph on this event. He and co-driver, Geraldine McBride, led throughout, but had been fortunate to emerge from the opening stage following a meeting with an errant deer – the Porsche 911 struck the animal but did not incur any damage.
Twenty years ago Ireland was fighting a different health crisis – this time in the animal kingdom as Foot and Mouth Disease disrupted the farming sector. As rallies pass through farmlands it was decided, unanimously, at a KDMC meeting on August 7 not to run the rally because of the prevailing situation at the time.
Dessie Nutt and Geraldine McBride in a Porsche 911 added another win to their Killarney Historic Rally CV. After 10 tough stages, they came out ahead of the similar car of John Keatley and Maurice Beckett, with Mervyn Johnston and Richard Hyland the first Mini in third place.
John and Christy Farrell were the winners of the Post Historic Section and Phil Collins and Howard Davies took the Classic section.
British Historic Rally Champion Steve Perez won the 2003 edition of the event. The big threat to Perez was always going to be his close friend Dessie Nutt, but a clutch problem early in the event forced Nutt and co-driver Liz Jordan to run without first gear in their Porsche 911.
Perez may be the holder of an (unverified) Killarney record. Could he be the only overseas driver to enter the Rally of the Lakes, The Killarney Historic Rally and the now discontinued Killarney Forestry Rally?
The 2004 running of the Killarney Historic Stages Rally was granted the accolade of Stage Rally of the Year at the International Historic Motorsport Awards.
The award was presented at the second International Historic Motorsport Show held at Stoneleigh Park, England. Clerk of the Course Tim Clifford accepted the Award on behalf of Killarney and District Motor Club from former British Open and Irish Tarmac Rally Champion, Russell Brookes.
Ray and Elaine Cunningham won the 2005 Killarney Historic Rally in their Mini Cooper S. Having led the event from start to finish, the Galway couple emerged from the final stage of the event, Killmackillogue 2, with an advantage of 34 seconds over their closest challenger, Russell Brookes on his first competitive outing in five years.
The 2006 Killarney Historic Stages Rally came to a dramatic conclusion when Dessie Nutt and Geraldine McBride snatched victory from Ray Cunningham and Richard Hyland on the 12th and final stage. Cunningham, the winner in 2005, led the rally from the off, in his Mini Cooper S, but Nutt, driving a Porsche 911, whittled the gap down to ten seconds going into the final test near Beaufort. Nutt was 11 seconds quicker, taking victory by one second.
Ray Cunningham and Richard Hyland made amends by winning the 2007 edition of the rally – his second victory in total.
Steve Smith and Phil Spurge won the Classic section, and Phil Collins and Adrian Deasy won the competitive Modified section. Kris Meeke and Paul Nagle were fourth in the Modified section in a Ford Escort Mk2.
Motorsport Ireland decided to uphold the recommendation of the Rallies Committee that a permit should not be issued for the 2008 Killarney Historic Stages Rally.
At the time the club refuted any suggestion that safety was an issue on the 2007 event. The steward's report on the 2007 event did not highlight any safety deficiencies but for whatever reason, the permit was not granted.
The club came up with an innovative way to help spectators enjoy this year's rally. The rally programme, with maps and entry lists, was included in The Kingdom newspaper as a supplement so all spectators had to do was buy a copy of the paper. Innovative in 2009 but probably questionable in 2021 – the sales of rally programmes is a vital income for organising clubs these days.
The rally was based in Kenmare for the second year running but it never got off the ground.
On the days leading up to the rally, the South West of Ireland was covered in sheet ice and even heavy snow in some places. It was, simply, too dangerous to run the event and some competitors would have found it impossible to travel – a decision to cancel was made two days before kick-off.
The 2011 event attracted observers from the FIA European Historic Rally Championship with a view to including the rally in future championships. While the Killarney Historic Rally was never included in the European championship calendar it proved a worthwhile exercise for Killarney and District Motor Club as the Rally of the Lakes did feature in the championship some years later.
New for 2012 was the introduction of the gala dinner to coincide with the prizegiving. Each driver and navigator were invited to attend the event, in the Mangerton Suite of the Gleneagle Hotel, not just to celebrate the rally but to mark the closure of the Irish rally season for another year.
It is a tradition that is still going on to this day and this year's rally will also draw to a close with a similar end of season celebration and rally Christmas Party.
This was the first year that Rentokil-Initial came on board to sponsor the rally. Thanks to the generosity of MD Michael O'Mahoney, this is on course to be one of the longest-serving sponsorship deals in Irish rallying.
Mark Falvey and Diarmuid Lynch won the event that featured stages like Moll's Gap, Beallaghbeama, Kilgobnet and Coolick.
At the end of eight classic stages, Denis Moynihan and Ger Conway (Ford Escort MkI) edged out Tomas Davies and Eurig Davies in an Escort Mk2 by 21 seconds. A notable feature of this event was back-to-back runs over the Gortnagane stage. The first test was run in daylight and after a holding control near Rathmore GAA grounds, the crews re-entered the test under the cover of darkness.
Rain rain, stay away, come again another day. Unfortunately, this was not the case and the rally was cancelled at the eleventh hour due to flooding caused by Storm Desmond. It was a bitter blow for Clerk of the Course Kevin Flannery and the 130 crews waiting in Parc Ferme but it was the only option given the widespread flooding in the area.
Local man Rob Duggan closed his year as the Billy Coleman Young Rally Driver of the Year in style by winning the Modified section of the rally.
Seven-times Circuit of Ireland winner Jim McRae showed that he has lost none of his flair by winning the Post-Historic section in a Vauxhall Firenza, while Ryan Barrett from Omagh was best in the Classic section in an Escort.
This was the last appearance of Dessie Nutt in the event but what a legacy he leaves behind. His seven wins on the event are unlikely to be matched. He led a star-studded entry list that included big names like motorsport royalty Jim McRae and former British Junior Rally champion Rob Duggan.
The entry list for the rally topped the 130 mark defying any other event in the country this year, except for the Donegal International Rally in June.
This year marked the arrival of a special crew in an even more special car. World Rally stars Craig Breen and local man Paul Nagle, son of the event's founder Maurice, drove an MG Metro 6r4 as a 001-course car. It was the first time since the 2013 Ypres Rally that the Waterford and Kerry crew worked together but it set them up for the 2019 Irish Tarmac title, three partial seasons with Hyundai and now two full World Rally Championship campaigns with Ford M-Sport.
A new trophy was introduced for 2019 to remember event founder Maurice Nagle who passed away a few short days after the previous year's event.
The perpetual trophy is presented to the overall winners of the rally each year and the first winners of the trophy were local heroes Rob Duggan and Ger Conway who were driving a rented Ford Escort Mk2.
Scheduled for Saturday, November 28, the 2020 event became the latest rally to fall under the pandemic axe. The last rally to run in Ireland was the March 2020 Mayo Stages. Rallying had to wait until the September 2021 'Cork 20' International before the sport got back on its feet.
And it is back, this year's Rentokil Initial Killarney Historic Rally is the first Killarney and District Motor Club event to run since the 2019 running of the event . Two years ago, the club celebrated the 40th anniversary of that event so it is appropriate to mark the resumption of KDMC rallying with the 25th anniversary of the first Historic Rally.
8th Dec 2021 3rd Dec 2021 1 Comment
One thought on "25 Years of the Killarney Historic Rally – first event December 8, 1996"
17th Nov 2022 at 12:53 pm
Wondered if you would have copy of entry list for 96 event ??
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text:
Opinion 11.7.2019 05:06 pm
How many more Koloanes 'name drop' out there?
Makhosandile Zulu
Former head of state protocol, Ambassador Bruce Koloane, at the Commission of Inquiry into State Capture in Johannesburg, 9 July 2019. Picture: Refilwe Modise
Do these 'name droppers' consider the detriment suffered by those whose names were dropped and the 'fall guys' who land up in trouble after succumbing to pressure due to this?
A recent admission by former head of state protocol, now Ambassador to the Netherlands Bruce Koloane, had me thinking.
On his second day of testimony at the commission of inquiry into state capture on Tuesday, Koloane admitted that he had "erred" in "dropping the names" of two ministers and that of former president Jacob Zuma, to exert influence on officials to expedite the application process to get landing clearance for an aircraft carrying guests to a Gupta wedding to land at the Waterkloof Air Force Base in 2013.
Koloane admitted to "dropping the names" of former transport minister Ben Martins, minister of defence and military veterans Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula and Zuma in order to pressure officials at the Department of Defence to facilitate the landing.
The chairperson of the commission, Deputy Chief Justice Raymond Zondo, noted that what Koloane had done was "something very serious to say about people occupying those positions in the Executive".
Koloane admitted that it was "very serious" and that this had the potential of tainting the reputations and images of those whose names he had dropped.
Koloane also undertook to apologise in writing to the two ministers and Zuma, and said he would be willing to meet with them in person though he is ashamed of his actions.
Media reports shape people's perceptions of the subjects that they cover. And one cannot dispute that the former president's "reputation and image" was "tainted" further when the story that "number one" – Zuma – had played a role in facilitating the landing, took off in the news cycle.
The three main questions that jetted across my mind following the ambassador's admission are: How many more Koloanes occupy senior positions in government institutions?
How many of them clearly abuse both their designations which bring them in close proximity to their political principals, and the power that comes with their authority to "exert pressure" on their juniors?"
And do they consider the detriment suffered by both those whose names were dropped and the "fall guys" who land up in trouble after succumbing to this pressure?
Another nagging concern comes from wondering how "name dropping" by these government officials could be the wind beneath the wings of fake news pieces crafted to serve a particular interest, at a time when fake news takes off and lands quicker than the now-discontinued Concord. A time when narratives and counter-narratives are laden with agendas and propaganda.
Above all, Koloane's admission made me wonder whether the government has acted on one of the recommendations of the Justice, Crime Prevention and Security (JCPS) cluster report of 2013 on the landing, which states:
"Government, led by the Department of Public Service and Administration, should develop and implement a public service awareness campaign to discourage the negative culture of name dropping in the form of improper use of names of the National Executive in the public sector. In addition, the definition of acts of misconduct should be amended across government to include name dropping as gross misconduct."
If this recommendation had been acted on, what would have become of Koloane and other "name droppers"?
Zuma tells Zondo Ramathlodi is a spy 15.7.2019
DA calls for immediate recall of ambassador Bruce Koloane 14.7.2019
Is self-confessed liar Bruce Koloane being recalled as ambassador? 13.7.2019


text:
\section{Introduction}

The Higgs discovery and the subsequent measurements of its properties at the LHC have been a crucial confirmation of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Using data from Run I and Run II of the LHC, we know that the Higgs has SM-like properties and that its couplings to SM gauge bosons and third generation fermions agree with the SM predictions at the $10\%-20\%$ level~\cite{Aad:2019mbh,Sirunyan:2018koj}. Much less is known about the Higgs couplings to first and second generation fermions. Only recently, the LHC showed the first evidence for the Higgs coupling to muons \cite{Aad:2020xfq, Sirunyan:2020two}. There is no evidence yet for the Higgs couplings to light quarks and electrons.

At the same time, the origin of the large hierarchies in the SM fermion masses, as well as the hierarchical structure of the CKM quark mixing matrix, constitute a long-standing open question in particle physics: the so-called SM flavor puzzle. One dynamical approach to this puzzle is to couple the first two generations exclusively to a new subleading source of electroweak symmetry breaking, in the form of a second Higgs doublet or some strong dynamics~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa, Ghosh:2015gpa, Botella:2016krk} (see also~\cite{Das:1995df, Blechman:2010cs, Egana-Ugrinovic:2019dqu} for related ideas).
Such a scenario adds new sources of flavor universality breaking to the SM. This is an experimentally viable option due to our lack of knowledge of the Higgs couplings to first and second generations. One concrete realization of this scenario is the Flavorful-Two-Higgs-Doublet-Model (F2HDM)~\cite{Altmannshofer:2016zrn}.

Recently, new measurements involving muons have been reported by precision experiments. The LHCb
collaboration has reported updated results on the ratio $R_K$ of the rare $B$ meson decay rates $B\rightarrow K\mu\mu$ and $B\rightarrow Kee$~\cite{Aaij:2021vac}, confirming earlier hints~\cite{Aaij:2014ora, Aaij:2017vbb, Aaij:2019wad} for lepton flavor universality violation in rare $B$ decays.
In addition, a new measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_\mu\equiv (g_\mu-2)/2$ has been very recently reported by the Fermilab Muon g-2 collaboration, $a_\mu^{\rm{FNAL}}=116~592~040(54)\times 10^{-11}$ \cite{Abi:2021gix}. This measurement is consistent with the previous measurement by the E821 experiment at BNL, $a_\mu^{\rm{BNL}}=116~592~089(63)\times 10^{-11}$~\cite{Bennett:2006fi}. The quoted combination of experimental results is $a_\mu^{\rm{exp}}=116~592~061(41)\times 10^{-11}$ and deviates by 4.2$\sigma$ from the SM prediction reported by the white paper of the g-2 theory initiative, $a_\mu^{\rm{SM}}=116~591~810(43)\times 10^{-11}$~\cite{Aoyama:2020ynm}, based on~\cite{Davier:2017zfy, Keshavarzi:2018mgv, colangelo:2018mtw, hoferichter:2019gzf, davier:2019can, keshavarzi:2019abf, kurz:2014wya,  chakraborty:2017tqp, borsanyi:2017zdw, blum:2018mom, giusti:2019xct, shintani:2019wai, Davies:2019efs, gerardin:2019rua, Aubin:2019usy, giusti:2019hkz, melnikov:2003xd, masjuan:2017tvw, Colangelo:2017fiz, hoferichter:2018kwz, gerardin:2019vio, bijnens:2019ghy, colangelo:2019uex, pauk:2014rta, danilkin:2016hnh, jegerlehner:2017gek, knecht:2018sci, eichmann:2019bqf, roig:2019reh, colangelo:2014qya, Blum:2019ugy, Aoyama:2012wk, atoms7010028, Czarnecki:2002nt, Gnendiger:2013pva}, where the main uncertainty of the SM prediction comes from the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution.
This leads to
\beq \label{eq:Delta}
\Delta a_\mu=a_\mu^{\rm{exp}}-a_\mu^{\rm{SM}}=(251\pm 59)\times 10^{-11}\,.
\eeq
Although further scrutiny of this anomaly is needed (see e.g.~\cite{Crivellin:2020zul, Borsanyi:2020mff, Lehner:2020crt, Colangelo:2020lcg}), it is interesting to ask what this anomaly may imply for new physics~\cite{Czarnecki:2001pv, Jegerlehner:2009ry, Lindner:2016bgg}. In the SM, the contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment are chirally suppressed by the muon mass. Such a suppression can be lifted in the presence of new physics opening up the possibility to indirectly probe high new physics scales. Known examples include lepto-quark contributions that in some models can be enhanced by the ratio of top mass to muon mass, $m_t/m_\mu$, or contributions in the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) that are enhanced by $\tan\beta$, the ratio of the vacuum expectation values (vevs) of the two Higgs doublets of the MSSM. Still, the typical scale of supersymmetric (SUSY) particles required to fully address the anomaly is in the few hundred GeV range. A crucial limiting factor in the MSSM is an upper bound on $\tan\beta$ that arises from demanding perturbative Yukawa couplings of the bottom quark and the tau lepton.

In this paper, we formulate a new SUSY scenario, the flavorful supersymmetric Standard Model (FSSM). In this scenario, the contributions to $a_\mu$ can be more than an order of magnitude larger than in the MSSM. The scenario corresponds to the supersymmetrized version of the F2HDM. Its richer Higgs sector can consistently accommodate Higgsinos with $O(1)$ couplings to muons, leading to a strong enhancement of 1-loop SUSY contributions to $a_\mu$.
The paper is organized as follows: In section~\ref{sec:MSSM}, we briefly review the MSSM contributions to $a_\mu$ and show that sleptons in the few hundred GeV mass range are generically preferred. In section~\ref{sec:model}, we present our model, a SUSY version of the SM with an extended scalar sector, and discuss the features most relevant in the context of $(g-2)_\mu$. In section~\ref{sec:FMSSM} we detail the contributions to $a_\mu$ in our model and show that smuons as heavy as 6\,TeV can be responsible for the observed discrepancy. In section~\ref{sec:implications} we comment on further phenomenological implications of the model. We cover both indirect probes like lepton flavor violating tau decays and direct searches for electroweak SUSY particles at the LHC.
Section~\ref{sec:conclusions} is reserved for conclusions and an outlook. In appendix~\ref{app:loop}, we collect the loop functions entering the several contributions to $(g-2)_\mu$.

\section{Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment in the MSSM} \label{sec:MSSM}

We start by briefly reviewing the well known 1-loop slepton contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the MSSM~\cite{Chattopadhyay:1995ae,Moroi:1995yh}. We will neglect possible CP violating phases as they are strongly constrained by the non-observation of an electric dipole moment of the electron. We will also assume that the slepton soft masses are flavor conserving. Large flavor mixing between smuons and staus could in principle lead to chirally enhanced contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon~\cite{Masina:2002mv,Girrbach:2009uy}. However, taking into account the stringent constraints from $\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma$~\cite{Aubert:2009ag,Abdesselam:2021cpu} it is found that flavor changing effects are negligibly small~\cite{Giudice:2012ms}. In presenting the MSSM contributions, it is convenient to distinguish loops with binos and winos. For masses of supersymmetric particles $m_\text{SUSY}^2 \gg m_Z^2$, one finds to a very good approximation that the two contributions are given by
\begin{eqnarray}
&& \Delta a_\mu^\text{MSSM} = \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde b} + \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde w}~, \\
&& \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde b} = \frac{g^{\prime\,2}}{192\pi^2} \frac{m_\mu^2}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \frac{M_1 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2}  \frac{t_\beta}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta} \left( 2 f_1(x_1,x_R) + f_2(x_1,x_\mu) -\frac{2}{x_R^2} f_2(y_1,y_\mu) \right)~, \\
&&  \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde w} = \frac{5g^2}{192\pi^2} \frac{m_\mu^2}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \frac{M_2 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2}  \frac{t_\beta}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta} f_3(x_2,x_\mu)~,
\end{eqnarray}
where, in the last equation, we have used the $SU(2)_L$ condition on the muon sneutrino mass $m_{\tilde\nu_\mu}=m_{\tilde \mu_L}$.
The mass ratios are given by $x_1 = M_1^2/m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2$, $y_1 = M_1^2/m_{\tilde \mu_R}^2$, $x_\mu = \mu^2/m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2$, $y_\mu = \mu^2/m_{\tilde \mu_R}^2$, $x_2 = M_2^2/m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2$, and $x_R = m_{\tilde \mu_R}^2/m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2$. In the above expressions $g$ and $g^\prime$ denote the $SU(2)_L$ and $U(1)_Y$ gauge couplings, $M_2$ and $M_1$ are the corresponding gaugino masses, $\mu$ is the Higgsino mass, and $m_{\tilde \mu_L}$, $m_{\tilde \mu_R}$ are the soft masses of the second generation slepton doublet and singlet, respectively. The parameter $\tan\beta = t_\beta = v_u/v_d$ is the ratio of the two Higgs vevs.
We normalize the loop functions such that $f_1(1,1) = f_2(1,1) = f_3(1,1) = 1$. For completeness, their explicit expressions are given in the appendix~\ref{app:loop}.
The parameter $\epsilon_\ell$ arises from $\tan\beta$-enhanced threshold corrections to the muon mass. It is given by \cite{Marchetti:2008hw,Bach:2015doa} (see also \cite{Hall:1993gn,Hempfling:1993kv,Carena:1994bv,Pierce:1996zz})
\begin{equation}
 \epsilon_\ell = \frac{g^{\prime\,2}}{64\pi^2} \frac{M_1 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \left(2g(x_1,x_R) + g(x_1,x_\mu) - \frac{2}{x_R} g(y_1,y_\mu)  \right) -\frac{3g^2}{64\pi^2} \frac{M_2 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} g(x_2,x_\mu) ~,
\end{equation}
where the loop function is given in the appendix~\ref{app:loop} and it is normalized such that $g(1,1)=1$. For a generic point in MSSM parameter space $\epsilon_\ell \sim 10^{-3}$, and its effect becomes relevant only for very large $\tan\beta$.

The dominant contribution to $(g-2)_\mu$ typically comes from the wino loops. In the limit that all SUSY masses are equal and neglecting the threshold corrections, the above expressions give
\begin{equation}
 \Delta a_\mu^{\rm MSSM} \simeq 260 \times 10^{-11} \times \left(\frac{t_\beta}{50} \right) \times \left(\frac{500\,{\rm GeV}}{m_{\rm SUSY}} \right)^2 ~.
\end{equation}
As it is evident from the above equation, even for large values of $\tan\beta \simeq 50$, the typical mass scale of the involved supersymmetric particles (sleptons and electroweakinos) is below 1\,TeV. This is confirmed by our numerical results in Figure \ref{fig:plot} (see the blue and purple shaded regions). The fact that an explanation of $(g-2)_\mu$ prefers a light spectrum of sleptons and electroweakinos has been re-emphasized recently in several studies of the MSSM~\cite{Aloni:2021wzk, Endo:2021zal, Iwamoto:2021aaf, Gu:2021mjd, VanBeekveld:2021tgn, Yin:2021mls, Wang:2021bcx, Chakraborti:2021dli, Cox:2021gqq, Han:2021ify, Baum:2021qzx, Athron:2021iuf, Aboubrahim:2021rwz, Chakraborti:2021bmv, baer2021anomalous} and of MSSM extensions~\cite{Abdughani:2021pdc, Heinemeyer:2021zpc}.
It is possible to accommodate the preferred value for $\Delta a_\mu$ for a somewhat heavier spectrum ($m_{{\rm{SUSY}}}\gtrsim 1$ TeV) in corners of parameter space with either a very large $\mu$ term~\cite{Endo:2021zal, Gu:2021mjd, Athron:2021iuf} or with very large values of $\tan\beta$. However, for large values of $\mu$, the MSSM scalar potential can develop charge breaking minima and vacuum stability considerations strongly constrain the parameter space. For very large values of $\tan\beta \gtrsim 70$ the bottom and tau Yukawa couplings develop Landau poles before the GUT scale, see e.g.~\cite{Altmannshofer:2010zt}.

In the following, we present a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model that can accommodate the measured $(g-2)_\mu$ with multi-TeV sleptons. The corresponding region of parameter space is completely safe from vacuum stability constraints and all Yukawa couplings remain perturbative.

\section{The MSSM with a Flavorful Higgs Sector}\label{sec:model}

We supersymmetrize the flavorful 2HDM.
Instead of the usual two chiral superfields $\hat H_u,\hat H_d$ of the MSSM, we introduce four chiral superfields $\hat H_u, \hat H_u^\prime, \hat H_d, \hat H_d^\prime$ (see also~\cite{Escudero:2005hk, Kawase:2011az, Dutta:2018yos} for other models with more than two Higgs doublets). Under the $SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ gauge symmetry, these superfields transform as $\hat H_u, \hat H_u^\prime \sim (\mathbf{1}, \mathbf{2})_{+\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\hat H_d, \hat H_d^\prime \sim (\mathbf{1}, \mathbf{2})_{-\frac{1}{2}}$. The superpotential of the model is given by
\begin{multline}
W= \mu_1\hat H_u\hat H_d+\mu_2\hat H_u^\prime\hat H_d^\prime+\mu_3\hat H_u^\prime\hat H_d+\mu_4\hat H_u\hat H_d^\prime\\
 + (Y_u \hat H_u + Y^\prime_u \hat H_u^\prime ) \hat Q \hat U^c + ( Y_d \hat H_d + Y^\prime_d \hat H_d^\prime ) \hat Q \hat D^c + (Y_\ell \hat H_d + Y^\prime_\ell \hat H_d^\prime) \hat L \hat E^c \,.
\end{multline}
It contains four independent $\mu$-terms as well as the Yukawa couplings $Y_f$ and $Y_f^\prime$ of the Higgs doublets to the matter superfields. In the following we will denote this model as the flavorful supersymmetric Standard Model or FSSM.

We assume that the neutral components of the Higgs scalars acquire vevs given by $v_u$, $v_u^\prime$, $v_d$, and $v_d^\prime$, such that $v_u^2 + v_d^2 + v_u^{\prime\,2} + v_d^{\prime\,2} = v^2 = (246\,\text{GeV})^2$.
In addition to the usual vev ratio $\tan\beta = t_\beta = v_u/v_d$, we also introduce the ratios $\tan\beta_u = t_{\beta_u}= v_u/v^\prime_u$ and $\tan\beta_d = t_{\beta_d} = v_d/v^\prime_d$.
Generic Yukawa couplings $Y_f$ and $Y_f^\prime$ violate the principle of natural flavor conservation. They can lead to large neutral Higgs mediated flavor changing neutral currents and are therefore strongly constrained. In the following we will consider the ``flavorful'' ansatz for the Yukawa couplings as suggested in~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa} that avoids the most stringent flavor constraints due to an approximate flavor symmetry~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa}. In this ansatz, the doublets $\hat H_u$, $\hat H_d$ couple exclusively to third generation fermions, while $\hat H_u^\prime$, $\hat H_d^\prime$ provide masses for the first and second generations. In particular, the muon mass is proportional to the vev $v_d^\prime$ and the corresponding muon Yukawa coupling $Y_{\mu\mu}^\prime$. The muon Yukawa is thus enhanced by a factor $\tan\beta \tan\beta_d$ compared to the usual $\tan\beta$ enhancement present in the MSSM.

In the case of all three leptons, we have (neglecting SUSY threshold effects)\footnote{A similar structure can be implemented in the quark sector.}
\begin{equation} \label{eq:Yell}
Y_\ell^\prime  \simeq \frac{\sqrt{2}}{v_d^\prime}
\begin{pmatrix}
~m_e~& ~x_{e\mu} m_e ~& ~ x_{e\tau} m_e~ \\
~x_{\mu e} m_e ~& ~m_\mu ~& ~x_{\mu\tau}m_\mu~ \\
~x_{\tau e} m_e~& ~x_{\tau\mu} m_\mu~ & ~x_{\tau\tau} m_\mu~
\end{pmatrix} ~,~~~~~~~~
 Y_\ell  \simeq \frac{\sqrt{2}}{v_d}
\begin{pmatrix}
~0~& ~0 ~& ~0~ \\
~0 ~& ~0 ~& ~0~ \\
~0~&~ 0~ & ~m_\tau~
\end{pmatrix} ~.
\end{equation}
The rank-1 Yukawa coupling $Y_\ell$ preserves an $SU(2)^2 = SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_E$ flavor symmetry acting of the first two generations of left-handed and right-handed lepton fields. The structure of the second Yukawa coupling $Y_\ell^\prime$ follows the ansatz in~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa}: a $2\times 2$ block with entries of the order of the muon mass with the remaining entries of the order of the electron mass. The $x_{ij}$ parameters indicate how much the Yukawa coupling $Y_{\ell}^\prime$ differs from such an ansatz. Generically, one might expect the $x_{ij}$ are of order one, but they can be much smaller as well.
Assuming that soft SUSY breaking is flavor universal, the $SU(2)^2$ flavor symmetry is minimally broken by the second Yukawa coupling $Y_\ell^\prime$, implying that flavor changing effects between the second and first generation leptons are strongly suppressed.  The parameters $x_{\tau\mu}$ and $x_{\mu\tau}$ can be constrained by the experimental bounds on flavor violating tau decays like $\tau \rightarrow \mu\gamma$ and $\tau\to3\mu$, while the corresponding parameters with electrons, $x_{\tau e}$ and $x_{e\tau}$, can be constrained from data on $\tau \rightarrow e$ transitions. Due to the $SU(2)^2$ flavor symmetry, the parameters $x_{\mu e}$ and $x_{e\mu}$ are unobservable. Effects in the highly constrained $\mu \rightarrow e$ transitions like $\mu\rightarrow e\gamma$ can be expected only if the products $x_{\mu\tau}x_{\tau e}$ or $x_{e\tau}x_{\tau \mu}$ are sizable (see section \ref{sec:implications} for more details).

In addition to the leptonic Yukawa couplings shown above, the most relevant ingredients for the discussion of $(g-2)_\mu$ are the smuon masses as well as the chargino and neutralino masses.
For the smuon mass matrix we find after electroweak symmetry breaking
\beq \label{eq:smuon_mass}
M_{\tilde\mu}^2=\left(\begin{array}{cc}
m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2  & - m_\mu t_\beta t_{\beta_d} (\mu_4  + \mu_2 / t_{\beta_u}) \\
- m_\mu t_\beta t_{\beta_d} (\mu_4  + \mu_2 / t_{\beta_u}) & m_{\tilde \mu_R}^2
\end{array}\right)\,,
\eeq
where
we have neglected the small D-term contributions, as well as the contributions from soft trilinear terms. Neglecting the trilinear terms is a good approximation as long as $v_d^\prime \ll v_u$.
Note that in eq.~(\ref{eq:smuon_mass}) we neglected left-right mixing between smuons and staus proportional to $x_{\tau\mu}$ and $x_{\mu\tau}$. Such mixing is of no relevance to the calculation of $(g-2)_\mu$. We will comment on its effect on $\tau \rightarrow \mu\gamma$ in section~\ref{sec:implications}.

The model features an extended electroweakino sector, because of the additional Higgsinos. It contains three charginos and six neutralinos with the following mass matrices
\beq
M_{\chi^\pm}=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
M_2 & \frac{g}{\sqrt 2} v_u & \frac{g}{\sqrt 2} v_u^\prime\\
\frac{g}{\sqrt 2} v_d & \mu_1 & \mu_3\\
\frac{g}{\sqrt 2} v_d^\prime & \mu_4 & \mu_2
\end{array}\right)\,,~~
M_{\chi^0}=\left(\begin{array}{cccccc}
M_1 & 0 & -\frac{g^\prime}{2}v_d & \frac{g^\prime}{2}v_u & -\frac{g^\prime}{2}v_d^\prime & \frac{g^\prime}{2}v_u^\prime\\
0 & M_2 & \frac{g}{2}v_d & -\frac{g}{2}v_u & \frac{g}{2}v_d^\prime & -\frac{g}{2}v_u^\prime\\
-\frac{g^\prime}{2}v_d & \frac{g}{2}v_d & 0 & -\mu_1 & 0 & -\mu_3\\
\frac{g^\prime}{2}v_u &-\frac{g}{2}v_u & -\mu_1 & 0 & -\mu_4 & 0\\
-\frac{g^\prime}{2}v_d^\prime&  \frac{g}{2}v_d^\prime & 0 &-\mu_4 & 0 & -\mu_2\\
 \frac{g^\prime}{2}v_u^\prime& -\frac{g}{2}v_u^\prime & -\mu_3 & 0 & -\mu_2 & 0
\end{array}\right)\,,
\eeq
where we have considered the basis $(\tilde W^\pm,\tilde H^\pm,\tilde H^{\prime\pm})$ and $(\tilde B, \tilde W^0, \tilde H_d^0, \tilde H_u^0, \tilde H_d^{\prime0}, \tilde H_u^{\prime0})$ for charginos and neutralinos, respectively.
For the calculation of $(g-2)_\mu$ it is convenient to rotate the Higgsino states to diagonalize the $2\times 2$ Higgsino sub-matrix:
\beq
\left(\begin{array}{cc}
c_d & s_d\\
-s_d & c_d
\end{array}\right)\left(\begin{array}{cc}
\mu_1 & \mu_3\\
\mu_4 & \mu_2
\end{array}\right)
\left(\begin{array}{cc}
c_u & s_u\\
-s_u & c_u
\end{array}\right)=\left(
\begin{array}{cc}
\mu & 0\\
0 & \tilde\mu
\end{array}\right)\,,
\eeq
where we have introduced the mixing angles $c_{d,u}\equiv \cos\theta_{d,u}$, $s_{d,u}\equiv \sin\theta_{d,u}$.
For gaugino and Higgsino masses sufficiently above the electroweak scale, the masses of the three charginos and of the six neutralinos are approximately $m_{\chi^\pm_i} \simeq (M_2,\mu,\tilde \mu)$ and $m_{\chi^0_i} \simeq (M_1,M_2,\mu,\mu,\tilde \mu,\tilde \mu)$.
In the following section we will report the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in terms of the Higgsino parameters $\theta_u,\theta_d$ and $\mu, \tilde \mu$.

\section{\boldmath FSSM Contributions to \texorpdfstring{$(g-2)_\mu$}{(g-2)mu}} \label{sec:FMSSM}

\begin{figure}[tb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.7 \textwidth]{g-2.pdf}
\caption{The leading 1-loop contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. The external photon has to be attached in all possible ways to the loops. Diagrams a), b), and c) involve binos, while diagram d) involves winos. The threshold corrections to the muon mass correspond to analogous diagrams without the external photon.
\label{fig:diagrams}}
\end{figure}

Similar to the MSSM, it is possible to split the contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon into bino mediated and wino mediated contributions. For supersymmetric particles that are sufficiently heavier than the electroweak scale, $m_\text{SUSY}^2 \gg m_Z^2$, we find
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eq:gminus2bino}
&&\Delta a_\mu^\text{FSSM} = \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde b} + \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde w} ~, \\
&& \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde b} = \frac{g^{\prime\,2}}{192\pi^2} \frac{m_\mu^2}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2}   \frac{t_\beta t_{\beta_d}}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta t_{\beta_d}} \\ \nonumber
&&~~~~~~~~~~~ \times \left[ s_d\left(c_u - \frac{s_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_1 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \left( 2 f_1(x_1,x_R) + f_2(x_1,x_\mu) -\frac{2}{x_R^2} f_2(y_1,y_\mu) \right) \right.  \\\nonumber
&&~~~~~~~~~~   \left. + c_d\left(s_u + \frac{c_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_1 \tilde \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \left( 2 f_1(x_1,x_R) + f_2(x_1,x_{\tilde \mu}) -\frac{2}{x_R^2} f_2(y_1,y_{\tilde \mu}) \right) \right] ~,\\\label{eq:gminus2wino}
 && \Delta a_\mu^{\tilde w} = \frac{5g^2}{192\pi^2} \frac{m_\mu^2}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \frac{t_\beta t_{\beta_d}}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta t_{\beta_d}} \left[s_d\left(c_u - \frac{s_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_2 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} f_3(x_2,x_{\mu}) \right.  \\\nonumber
 &&~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~   \left. + c_d\left(s_u + \frac{c_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_2 \tilde \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} f_3(x_2,x_{\tilde \mu}) \right] ~,
\end{eqnarray}
with the threshold correction parameter $\epsilon_\ell$ given by
\begin{multline}
 \epsilon_\ell = \frac{g^{\prime\,2}}{64\pi^2} \left[ s_d\left(c_u - \frac{s_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_1 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \left(2g(x_1,x_R) + g(x_1,x_\mu) - \frac{2}{x_R} g(y_1,y_\mu)  \right) \right.  \\
 \left. + c_d\left(s_u + \frac{c_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_1 \tilde \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} \left(2g(x_1,x_R) + g(x_1,x_{\tilde \mu}) - \frac{2}{x_R} g(y_1,y_{\tilde \mu})  \right) \right]  \\
  -\frac{3g^2}{64\pi^2} \left[s_d\left(c_u - \frac{s_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_2 \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} g(x_2,x_\mu) + c_d\left(s_u + \frac{c_u}{t_{\beta_u}}\right) \frac{M_2 \tilde \mu}{m_{\tilde \mu_L}^2} g(x_2,x_{\tilde \mu}) \right] ~,
\end{multline}
where, similarly to $x_\mu$ and $y_\mu$, we have defined $x_{\tilde\mu}=\tilde\mu^2/m_{\tilde\mu_L}^2$ and $y_{\tilde\mu}=\tilde\mu^2/m_{\tilde\mu_R}^2$. Note that the loop functions are identical to the MSSM case. In fact, the expressions above largely resemble the MSSM result shown in section~\ref{sec:MSSM}. The relevant Feynman diagrams containing Higgsinos, binos, winos, and sleptons are shown in Figure~\ref{fig:diagrams}\footnote{In addition, the model also predicts contributions from 1-loop diagrams containing leptons and Higgs bosons. However, such contributions to $\Delta a_\mu$ are not chirally enhanced by $\tan\beta$ factors and therefore can be neglected.}. As in the MSSM, the dominant contribution typically comes from the loops containing a wino. If all SUSY masses are set equal, the wino loops dominate over the bino loops by a factor $5 g^2/g^{\prime\,2} \simeq 17$. In contrast to the MSSM, we find two sets of contributions that are proportional to either one of the Higgsino mass eigenvalues $\mu$ and $\tilde \mu$. The main difference to the MSSM is the overall proportionality to the product of the vev ratios $\tan\beta \times \tan\beta_d = v_u/v_d^\prime$. The additional factor $\tan\beta_d$ can increase the contributions in our setup by an order of magnitude or more compared to the MSSM. Note that the threshold correction remains of order $\epsilon_\ell \sim 10^{-3}$ in our setup. However, as it is multiplied by the product $\tan\beta \times \tan\beta_d$ (see Eqs. (\ref{eq:gminus2bino}), (\ref{eq:gminus2wino})), it can have an $O(1)$ impact on the contribution to the $(g-2)_\mu$ (we show its effect explicitly in Figure \ref{fig:plot} below). Setting all SUSY masses equal and assuming maximal mixing in the Higgsino sector $s_d = c_d = s_u = c_u = 1/\sqrt{2}$, the threshold correction corresponds to the following 1-loop correction to the muon mass
\begin{eqnarray} \label{eq:delta_mmu_approx}
 \frac{\Delta m_\mu^\text{1-loop}}{m_\mu^\text{tree}} = \epsilon_\ell t_\beta t_{\beta_d} \simeq - 0.54 \times \left( \frac{t_\beta}{20} \right) \times \left( \frac{t_{\beta_d}}{15} \right) ~.
\end{eqnarray}
Note that for this benchmark case, the correction is identical to the correction in the MSSM (see e.g.~\cite{Bach:2015doa}) up to the additional factor $\tan\beta_d$. Away from the limit $s_d = c_d = s_u = c_u = 1/\sqrt{2}$, the correction to the muon mass is modified by the factor $(s_d(c_u-s_u/t_{\beta_u}) +c_d(s_u +c_u/t_{\beta_u} )) \sim \mathcal O(1)$.

A relevant bound on the size of $\tan\beta_d$ is given by perturbativity considerations. Yukawa couplings that are larger than $O(1)$ at the TeV scale develop Landau poles before reaching the GUT scale. Requiring that the muon Yukawa of the Higgs field $H_d^\prime$ stay perturbative up to the GUT scale, leads to the approximate bound\footnote{We estimate that the perturbativity bound on the muon Yukawa in our model will be similar to the bound on the tau Yukawa in the MSSM. In Eq. (\ref{eq:perturbativitybound}), we therefore quote the bound on the tau Yukawa coupling at a scale of 1\,TeV that has been found in the MSSM requiring the Yukawa coupling to be smaller than $\sqrt{4\pi}$ at the GUT scale~\cite{Altmannshofer:2010zt}. A dedicated renormalization group study of the full set of third and second generation Yukawa couplings and of the gauge couplings would be required to establish a precise bound on the muon Yukawa coupling in our model, but we do not expect the result to change significantly.}
\begin{equation}\label{eq:perturbativitybound}
 Y^\prime_{\mu\mu} \simeq \frac{\sqrt{2} m_\mu}{v} \frac{t_\beta t_{\beta_d}}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta t_{\beta_d}} \lesssim 0.7 ~.
\end{equation}
Differently from the MSSM, the requirement of perturbativity of the tau and bottom Yukawa couplings sets weaker bounds on the values of $\tan\beta$ and $\tan\beta_d$.
In the limit that all SUSY masses are equal and assuming maximal mixing in the Higgsino sector $s_d = c_d = s_u = c_u = 1/\sqrt{2}$, we find
\begin{eqnarray} \label{eq:delta_amu_approx_1}
 \Delta a_\mu &\simeq& 220 \times 10^{-11} \times \left(\frac{t_\beta}{20} \right)\times \left(\frac{t_{\beta_d}}{15} \right)\times \left(\frac{0.46}{1 + \epsilon_\ell t_{\beta} t_{\beta_d}} \right) \times \left(\frac{2.0\,{\rm TeV}}{m_{\rm SUSY}} \right)^2 \\  \label{eq:delta_amu_approx_2}
 &\simeq& 240 \times 10^{-11} \times \left(\frac{Y^\prime_{\mu\mu}}{0.7} \right) \times \left(\frac{2.5\,{\rm TeV}}{m_{\rm SUSY}} \right)^2 ~.
\end{eqnarray}
Analogously to the corrections to the muon mass in~(\ref{eq:delta_mmu_approx}), for generic $O(1)$ mixing of the FSSM Higgsinos, the results in~(\ref{eq:delta_amu_approx_1}) and~(\ref{eq:delta_amu_approx_2}) have to be multiplied by the factor $s_d(c_u-s_u/t_{\beta_u}) +c_d(s_u +c_u/t_{\beta_u})$.
In the MSSM, similar equations for $\Delta a_\mu$ hold up to the additional factor $\tan\beta_d$. Comparably large contributions to $\Delta a_\mu$ are therefore in principle possible in the MSSM in the ultra-large $\tan\beta$ limit (see e.g.~\cite{Bach:2015doa}). However, as mentioned in section~\ref{sec:MSSM}, the required values of $\tan\beta$ for multi-TeV SUSY particles are very strongly constrained by perturbativity considerations~\cite{Altmannshofer:2010zt}. Those constraints are relaxed in the FSSM, and very large values for the product $\tan\beta\tan\beta_d$ are viable.

Keeping in mind the estimated bound on the muon Yukawa discussed above, we find that the generic scale of supersymmetric particles can be larger by a factor of $\simeq 5$ compared to the MSSM, while still producing the desired effect in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

\begin{figure}[tb]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.6 \textwidth]{plot_log_scale_2.pdf}
\caption{Regions of SUSY parameter space that are preferred by the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon at the $1\sigma$ and $2\sigma$ level in several benchmark models. Above the dashed diagonal line, the smuons are lighter than any of the gauginos and Higgsinos. In blue and purple, we present two MSSM scenarios; in yellow and orange two FSSM scenarios. The dashed yellow lines show the corresponding FSSM scenario neglecting the SUSY threshold corrections to the muon mass.
\label{fig:plot}}
\end{figure}

In Figure~\ref{fig:plot}, we show the regions of SUSY masses that are preferred by the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in several benchmark cases. For simplicity, we assume that the masses of the left-handed and right-handed smuons are equal, as do we for the masses of the bino, the wino, and the Higgsinos. In the colored bands we find agreement with (\ref{eq:Delta}) at the $1\sigma$ and $2\sigma$ level. The purple and blue bands correspond to the MSSM with $\tan\beta = 20$ and $\tan\beta = 50$, respectively. We see that for $\tan\beta =50$, sleptons can be at most at around $1$\,TeV, if gauginos and Higgsinos are in the few hundred GeV range. The yellow and orange bands show two benchmark scenarios in the FSSM assuming a generic $O(1)$ mixing in the Higgsino sector $s_d \sim c_d \sim s_u \sim c_u \sim 1/\sqrt{2}$. The yellow band corresponds to moderate values for $\tan\beta = 20$ and $\tan\beta_d = 15$. In such a scenario the smuons can be as heavy as $3$\,TeV while still explaining $(g-2)_\mu$. The dashed yellow lines show the region favored by $(g-2)_\mu$ in this FSSM scenario neglecting the SUSY threshold corrections to the muon mass (i.e. $\epsilon_\ell$ is set to zero). We clearly see that the threshold corrections have an order 1 impact and cannot be neglected.\footnote{In this context, it might be interesting to consider a scenario in which the entire muon mass is radiatively generated. In such a case one expects that the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly can be explained with new physics masses at around 2 TeV. The radiative muon mass scenario has been analyzed in the MSSM~\cite{Bach:2015doa,Crivellin:2010ty} and it is strongly constrained by perturbativity arguments.} Finally, the orange band shows a scenario in which we choose a large muon Yukawa coupling, $Y_{\mu\mu}^\prime = 0.7$, that we estimate to be close to the bound from demanding perturbativity up to the GUT scale. In this case, smuons can be as heavy as $6$\,TeV.

\section{Phenomenological Implications} \label{sec:implications}

In addition to the contributions to $\Delta a_\mu$, the FSSM predicts contributions to the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and of the tau, $\Delta a_e$ and $\Delta a_\tau$. Due to the minimally broken $SU(2)^2$ lepton symmetry, the setup predicts the relation
\begin{equation}
 \Delta a_e \simeq \frac{m_e^2}{m_\mu^2} \Delta a_\mu \simeq 5.8 \times 10^{-14} \times \left( \frac{\Delta a_\mu}{251 \times 10^{-11}} \right) ~,
\end{equation}
which is almost an order of magnitude smaller than the uncertainties of the experimental determination~\cite{Hanneke:2008tm}, as well as the uncertainties of the SM prediction that depends crucially on the value of the fine structure constant~\cite{Parker:2018vye, Morel:2020dww}.
There is no strict correlation of $\Delta a_\mu$ and $\Delta a_\tau$, but generically we expect
\begin{equation}
 \Delta a_\tau \sim \frac{m_\tau^2}{m_\mu^2} \frac{1}{t_{\beta_d}} \Delta a_\mu \simeq 4.7 \times 10^{-8} \times \left( \frac{15}{t_{\beta_d}} \right) \times \left( \frac{\Delta a_\mu}{251 \times 10^{-11}} \right) ~,
\end{equation}
which is far below foreseeable experimental sensitivities \cite{Abdallah:2003xd}.

Similar to the 1-loop slepton contributions to anomalous magnetic moments, the FSSM setup also gives contributions to the radiative lepton decays $\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma$, $\tau \rightarrow e \gamma$, and $\mu\rightarrow e \gamma$. While the relevant off-diagonal couplings $x_{\tau e}$, $x_{e\tau}$, $x_{\tau \mu}$, and $x_{\mu\tau}$ in the lepton Yukawa matrix~(\ref{eq:Yell}) do not enter the predictions for $\Delta a_\mu$ at the considered level of accuracy, it is nonetheless interesting to explore their implications.
In the limit in which both left-handed and right-handed smuons and staus have equal masses we find simple relations between the 1-loop slepton contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the branching ratios of the decays $\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma$, $\tau \rightarrow e \gamma$, and $\mu\rightarrow e \gamma$
\begin{eqnarray}
 \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow \mu\gamma) &\simeq& 24\pi^3 \alpha_\text{em} \frac{v^4}{m_\mu^4} \left(\Delta a_\mu \right)^2 \big(x_{\tau\mu}^2 + x_{\mu\tau}^2 \big) \times \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow \mu \nu_\tau \bar\nu_\mu) \nonumber \\
 &\simeq& 1.7 \times 10^{-8} \times \left(\frac{\Delta a_\mu}{251 \times 10^{-11}}\right)^2 \left[ \left(\frac{x_{\tau\mu}}{0.01}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x_{\mu\tau}}{0.01}\right)^2 \right]~, \\
  %
  \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow e\gamma) &\simeq& 24\pi^3 \alpha_\text{em} \frac{v^4}{m_\mu^4} \frac{m_e^2}{m_\mu^2} \left(\Delta a_\mu \right)^2 \big(x_{\tau e}^2 + x_{\mu e}^2 \big) \times \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow e \nu_\tau \bar\nu_\mu) \nonumber \\
 &\simeq& 4.1 \times 10^{-9} \times \left(\frac{\Delta a_\mu}{251 \times 10^{-11}}\right)^2 \left[ \left(\frac{x_{\tau e}}{1.0}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x_{e\tau}}{1.0}\right)^2 \right]~, \\
 %
 \text{BR}(\mu \rightarrow e\gamma) &\simeq& 24\pi^3 \alpha_\text{em} \frac{v^4}{m_\mu^4} \frac{m_e^2}{m_\tau^2} \left(\Delta a_\mu \right)^2 \big(x_{e\tau}^2 x_{\tau\mu}^2 + x_{\mu\tau}^2x_{\tau e}^2 \big) \nonumber \\
 &\simeq& 8.2 \times 10^{-15} \times \left(\frac{\Delta a_\mu}{251 \times 10^{-11}}\right)^2 \left[ \left(\frac{x_{e\tau} x_{\tau\mu}}{0.01}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x_{\mu\tau}x_{\tau e}}{0.01}\right)^2 \right]~,
\end{eqnarray}
where we used BR$(\tau \rightarrow \mu \nu_\tau \bar\nu_\mu)\simeq 17.4\%$ and BR$(\tau \rightarrow e \nu_\tau \bar\nu_\mu)\simeq 17.8\%$~\cite{Zyla:2020zbs}.

We can compare these predictions to the current experimental bounds. From the bound
BR$(\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma)_\text{exp} < 4.2\times 10^{-8}$~\cite{Aubert:2009ag,Abdesselam:2021cpu} we see that the couplings $x_{\tau \mu}$ and $x_{\mu\tau}$ have to be of order $10^{-2}$ in order not to violate the bound from $\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma$. The smallness of these couplings suggests that an additional lepton flavor symmetry gives structure to the lepton Yukawa coupling $Y^\prime_\ell$. If the coupling $x_{\tau e}$ or $x_{e\tau}$ is of order~$1$, the branching ratio of $\tau \rightarrow e \gamma$ is predicted below the current bound, BR$(\tau \rightarrow e \gamma)_\text{exp} < 3.3\times 10^{-8}$~\cite{Aubert:2009ag,Abdesselam:2021cpu}, but in reach of the Belle II experiment~\cite{Kou:2018nap}. Once the bound from BR$(\tau \rightarrow \mu \gamma)$ is taken into account, the $\mu \rightarrow e \gamma$ branching ratio is predicted well below the current constraint BR$(\mu \rightarrow e \gamma)_\text{exp} < 4.2\times 10^{-13}$~\cite{TheMEG:2016wtm}.

In the FSSM, we also find tree level neutral Higgs contributions to lepton flavor violating decays $\tau \rightarrow 3 \mu$, $\tau \rightarrow 3e$, and $\mu \rightarrow 3e$. The most constraining decay is expected to be $\tau \rightarrow 3 \mu$ as it involves the largest Yukawa couplings enhanced by the product $t_\beta t_{\beta_d}$. Neglecting mixing among the Higgs bosons and using the results from~\cite{Paradisi:2005tk}, we find
\begin{eqnarray}\nonumber
 \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow 3\mu) &\simeq& \frac{m_\mu^4}{4 m_{H_d^\prime}^4} \frac{t_\beta^4 t_{\beta_d}^4}{(1 + \epsilon_\ell t_\beta t_{\beta_d})^4} \big(x_{\tau\mu}^2 + x_{\mu\tau}^2 \big) \times \text{BR}(\tau \rightarrow \mu \nu_\tau \bar\nu_\mu) \\
 &\simeq& 1.0\times 10^{-9} \times \left(\frac{Y^\prime_{\mu\mu}}{0.7} \right)^4 \times \left(\frac{1.0\,{\rm TeV}}{m_{H_d^\prime}} \right)^4 \times \left[ \left(\frac{x_{\tau\mu}}{0.01}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x_{\mu\tau}}{0.01}\right)^2 \right] ~.
\end{eqnarray}
Comparing to the experimental bound obtained by the Belle collaboration, BR$(\tau \rightarrow 3 \mu)_\text{exp} < 2.1\times 10^{-8}$~\cite{Hayasaka:2010np} (see also~\cite{Lees:2010ez, Aaij:2014azz}), we see that TeV scale Higgs bosons are viable and could lead to branching ratios that are accessible at Belle II and LHCb \cite{Kou:2018nap,Bediaga:2012py}.

Finally, we comment on the prospects of testing the SUSY parameter space favored by $(g-2)_\mu$ at the LHC. The sleptons necessary for addressing the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly are being searched for by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. Particularly, the most relevant slepton signature is the slepton pair production $pp\rightarrow\tilde\ell\tilde\ell$, followed by the decay into a lepton and the lightest neutralino $\tilde\ell\tilde\ell\rightarrow(\ell\tilde\chi^0)(\ell\tilde\chi^0)$. The most stringent bounds on the slepton parameter space come from the analyses \cite{Sirunyan:2020eab,Aad:2019vnb} performed with the full Run II data set. These searches show that, in the case of degenerate left-handed and right-handed smuons, slepton masses as large as $\sim 600$ GeV are now generically probed if the mass splitting with the lightest neutralino $m_{\tilde\ell}-m_{\tilde\chi^0}$ is sufficiently large. In the case of a compressed spectrum, the limits are weaker and allow sleptons as light as $\sim 250$ GeV for mass splitting $m_{\tilde\ell}-m_{\tilde\chi^0}\lesssim 30$ GeV \cite{Aad:2019qnd}.

The existing searches probe already part of the MSSM parameter space that is able to explain the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly. However, depending on the specific electroweakino spectrum, sizable regions of parameter space are left unexplored. For example, for the specific spectrum fixed in Figure \ref{fig:plot} ($M_1=M_2=\mu$), the aforementioned LHC slepton searches can only set a weak bound because of the dilution of the branching ratio of the slepton into the lightest neutralino and a lepton. For that spectrum, additional slepton decay modes arise including $\tilde\mu\rightarrow\mu\tilde\chi_2^0,\nu\tilde\chi_{1,2}^\pm$ with the subsequent decay of $\tilde\chi_2^0$ and $\tilde\chi_{1,2}^\pm$ to the lightest neutralino and jets or leptons. It will be interesting to search for these new slepton cascade decays in the coming years at the LHC to probe further regions of MSSM parameter space that can address the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly.

The slepton phenomenology in the FSSM is even richer. Due to the extended electroweakino sector, several cascade decays are possible, giving rise to signatures with multi-leptons (or jets) and missing energy. We leave the study of such signatures for future work. Due to the generically heavier slepton masses in the FSSM to address the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly, the sleptons that we considered in this paper are outside the reach of the LHC. We expect some of the scenarios favored by $(g-2)_\mu$ to be probed at a 100 TeV collider through a $pp\rightarrow\tilde\ell\tilde\ell\rightarrow(\ell\tilde\chi^0)(\ell\tilde\chi^0)$ search \cite{Baker:2018uox}.

\section{Conclusions and Outlook} \label{sec:conclusions}

The recent result of the Fermilab Muon g-2 collaboration confirms the longstanding discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $(g-2)_\mu$. Motivated by this result, we constructed a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model that can give more than an order of magnitude larger contributions to the $(g-2)_\mu$ than the MSSM. The model, that we dub flavorful supersymmetric Standard Model (FSSM), is based on an extended electroweak breaking sector with Yukawa couplings that follow the flavorful ansatz suggested in~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa}.

One set of Higgs doublets couples exclusively to the third generation through a rank-1 Yukawa coupling, while a second set of Higgs doublets couples also to the first and second generations. One of the Higgs fields can have an $O(1)$ coupling to muons. Loop contributions to $(g-2)_\mu$ that contain the corresponding Higgsino state are strongly enhanced. In contrast to the MSSM, where the SUSY particles generically have to be below the 1\,TeV scale, in the FSSM, the $(g-2)_\mu$ result can be comfortably explained by sleptons in the multi-TeV mass range.

We explored further phenomenological implications of the model, in particular for the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and the tau, as well as for lepton flavor violation. We found that existing bounds on $\tau\rightarrow\mu\gamma$ already give relevant constraints on the lepton flavor violating Yukawa couplings of the model. The $\tau \rightarrow 3\mu$ and $\tau\rightarrow e \gamma$ decays might be in reach of running experiments.

While LHC searches for sleptons already constrain some of the MSSM explanations of the $(g-2)_\mu$ discrepancy, directly probing the multi-TeV sleptons of the FSSM will require a future higher energy collider.

There are several possible future directions to further explore the FSSM. The rank-1 ansatz for the Yukawa couplings has been successfully implemented in the quark sector in non-supersymmetric versions of the model~\cite{Altmannshofer:2015esa,Altmannshofer:2016zrn,Altmannshofer:2018bch,Altmannshofer:2019ogm,Altmannshofer:2017uvs}. It has been shown that in the considered scenarios quark flavor changing neutral currents can be relatively easily in agreement with experimental bounds. In a supersymmetric version, we expect interesting Higgsino mediated effects in chirality suppressed processes like $b \rightarrow s\gamma$ and $B_s \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-$ and possibly even for the lepton flavor universality ratios $R_K$ and $R_{K^*}$. A study of those effects will be presented elsewhere.

If the rank-1 ansatz for the Yukawa couplings is implemented both in the lepton and quark sectors, a scenario with $\tan\beta \sim 50$, $\tan\beta_u \sim 100$, and $\tan\beta_d \sim 10$ can address all hierarchies among the third and second generation quark and lepton masses without any pronounced hierarchy in Yukawa couplings. These are the values of $\tan\beta$ and $\tan\beta_{d}$ that allow multi-TeV sleptons to address the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly. In such a region of parameter space, third and second generation Yukawa unification might be possible at the GUT scale. For the first generation, one could entertain the possibility of radiative mass generation to explain the smallness of the up quark, down quark, and electron mass.
We leave these studies to future work.

\section*{Acknowledgements}
We thank Kaustubh Agashe for discussions. The research of W. A. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy grant number DE-SC0010107. The research of SG is supported in part by the National Science Foundation CAREER grant PHY- 1915852 and by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY-1748958.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Lewis v. Carr
State v. Publishing Co.
True, the malice referred to is not necessarily that of personal ill will or malevolence; it may be said to…
H.E. CRAWFORD CO. v. DUN BRADSTREET, INC
The presumption is that a publication on a privileged occasion is made bona fide; and proof of falsity is not…
Full title:R. T. LEWIS v. L. A. CARR, E. C. GUY, AND C. B. BAIRD
Court:Supreme Court of North Carolina
Date published: Dec 1, 1919
178 N.C. 578 (N.C. 1919)
101 S.E. 97
Supreme Court of North Carolina
(Filed 3 December, 1919.)
1. Libel and Slander — Slander — Publication — Evidence — Education — Conversion — Actions.
The defendant, owner and publisher of a newspaper published an article charging therein that the plaintiff, county chairman of the board of education, had no right to pay out of the county school fund his expenses to the State Teachers' Assembly, and upon plaintiff's request to publish his proofs, he printed affidavits of his codefendants, officers of the bank, of deposit of such funds, that the bank had paid vouchers to the plaintiff stating on their face they were for the said purpose. Upon the trial for slander it was shown that no such vouchers had ever been issued. Held, the exhibition of the affidavit to the notary before whom it was sworn, and to the owner of the newspaper that published it, was a publication by the defendants, officers of the bank, and giving it to the publishers was evidence of the purpose and intent to circulate it, which, in effect, charged the conversion of the county's funds to the plaintiff's own use in violation of law, and thereupon an action for slander against them will lie.
2. Libel and Slander — Slander — Qualified Privilege — Malice — Presumptions — Evidence.
Publishing, or causing to be published, affidavits which in effect charges a public officer with appropriating public funds for his own expenses contrary to law, is qualifiedly privileged, and raises the presumption that the publication was bona fide; and though the falsity of the charge would not of itself prove malice, there is evidence thereof sufficient to go to the jury where the defendants were in a position to know at the time that the charge was false, by their connection or presumed knowledge, or where such knowledge was readily accessible to them.
3. Libel and Slander — Slander — Education — Misappropriation of Funds — Embezzlement — Statutes.
Under the provisions of Rev. 4141, the chairman of the county board of education is not required to attend the State association of county superintendents, their only allowance being two dollars per day and mileage, Rev. 2786, and a published charge that he had attended the State association and had taken his expenses thereof from the county funds is a charge of a breach of official duty, misconduct, and conversion of the public funds, and, semble, of embezzlement.
4. Libel and Slander — Slander — Publication — Common Purpose — Parties — Misjoinder — Statutes.
Where two persons make an affidavit of a libelous character which is published according to their common purpose, in a newspaper, by a third, all three unite in the libelous words, and may be sued in the same action for the libel, and it may not be dismissed for misjoinder. In this case no objection for misjoinder was taken either by answer or demurrer, and under Rev. 474(5), 476, 478, a motion to separate, and not to dismiss, is required.
APPEAL by plaintiff from a judgment of nonsuit by Webb, J., at April Term, 1919, of AVERY. (579)
F. A. Linney, W. C. Newland, R. W. Wall, and S. J. Ervin for plaintiff.
L. D. Lowe for defendant Carr.
Councill Yount and Harrison Baird for defendant Baird.
This was an action for libel, brought by the plaintiff, chairman of the board of education of Avery County, against the defendant Carr, owner and publisher of the "Mountaineer and Avery Herald," a newspaper published in Avery County, and the defendants, Guy and Baird, who were the cashier and assistant cashier of the Avery County Bank. At the conclusion of the plaintiff's evidence the court granted a motion for nonsuit, from which the plaintiff appealed.
CLARK, C.J.
The defendant Carr, owner and publisher of "The Mountaineer and Avery Herald," at Newland, N.C. published an article therein which charged that the county superintendent of education had no right to pay out of the county school funds the expenses of the chairman of the county board of education to the teachers' assembly at Charlotte. The plaintiff, who was chairman of the county board of education, called upon the defendant Carr to publish his proofs, and he thereupon printed an affidavit by the defendants Guy and Baird, cashier and assistant cashier of the Avery County Bank, sworn to before a notary public, that the bank had paid a voucher to the plaintiff signed by him as chairman of the board of education and by the superintendent of public instruction of the county, which voucher stated on its face that it was to pay the expenses of the plaintiff for the trip to the (580) educational meeting at Charlotte in November, 1917.
At the trial the plaintiff offered evidence of the publication of the affidavit in the paper; that no such voucher had ever been issued or authorized to be issued, or had been paid by the bank, and also put in evidence the monthly statements of the bank, with the accompanying vouchers issued by the county board of education, and paid by the bank, and stubs of all vouchers issued by the board, which showed no such voucher.
The exhibition of the affidavit to the notary public and to Carr was a publication by the defendants Guy and Baird, Logan v. Hodges, 146 N.C. 38; Brown v. Lumber Co., 167 N.C. 13, and the preparation and handing the article to Carr to be printed in the paper was evidence of the purpose and intent that it should be circulated. The article and affidavit in effect charged the defendant with the conversion to his own use of the funds of the county without authority of law. If this was not a direct charge of embezzlement it was at least an allegation of a gross breach of official duty, misconduct, ignorance and incompetence of the plaintiff as chairman of the board of education of Avery, in issuing and signing a voucher payable to his own order out of the public school funds of the county, collecting the voucher and converting the funds to his own use in violation of law. Osborne v. Leach, 135 N.C. 630.
The publication was not absolutely privileged, for it was not in the performance of public service, in which case, notwithstanding proof of the falsity of the charge, and actual malice, an action cannot be maintained thereon. It was qualifiedly privileged, because, though the defendant was under no legal obligation to act, it was a publication required by the public good if the charge were true. In cases of qualified privilege the falsehood of the charge will not of itself be sufficient to establish malice, for there is a presumption that the publication was made bona fide. Fields v. Bynum, 156 N.C. 416; Gattis v. Kilgo, 140 N.C. 106; Ramsey v. Cheek, 109 N.C. 270.
But in cases of qualified privilege, though the falsity of the charge (taking the evidence for the plaintiff to be true, as we must on a nonsuit) would not of itself prove malice, there was evidence sufficient to go to the jury of malice from the fact that the defendants Guy and Baird had paid these vouchers, and they knew, or should have known, that the charge was false. The school vouchers were public records, and all three defendants could have ascertained the falsity of the charge by the means of information in their power. They published an affidavit in regard to the discharge of his duty by a public officer, which was tantamount to the charge of embezzlement. Osborne v. Leach, 135 N.C. 630. Rev. 4141, provides that the county superintendent shall attend the annual meetings of (581) the State association of county superintendents, and that the county board of education of his county shall pay out of the county school funds his traveling expenses and board. As to the county board of education, they are not required to attend, and their only allowance is $2 per day and mileage. Rev. 2786. If the charge was not one of embezzlement, it was a charge of a breach of official duty, misconduct, and conversion of public funds. Osborne v. Leach, supra; Ivie v. King, 167 N.C. 177. Whether embezzlement was intended to be charged was a question for the jury. Beck v. Bank, 161 N.C. 203.
The defendants rely upon Rice v. McAdams, 149 N.C. 29, where two parties were charged jointly with uttering different slanderous words. Here all three united in the same libelous words, two preparing the affidavit and handing it to the third for publication. There was no objection for misjoinder taken either by answer or demurrer. Rev. 474(5); Rev. 476, 478. In that case there was no common purpose or design shown, and the Court said the action should have been divided, but that it would be error to dismiss it. In this case there was common purpose and action, and no ground to divide the action or dismiss it.
The judgment of nonsuit must be
Reversed.
Cited: S. v. Publishing Co., 179 N.C. 723; Elmore v. Carr, 189 N.C. 668; Stephenson v. Northington, 204 N.C. 694; Flake v. News Co., 212 N.C. 785; Taylor v. Press Co., 237 N.C. 552; Manley v. News Co., 241 N.C. 460; Yancey v. Gillespie, 242 N.C. 230; Ponder v. Cobb Runnion, 257 N.C. 295; Clement v. Koch, 259 N.C. 124.