café | Bon Chic. Bon Appétit.
I often look back at my month abroad in Paris in the summer of 2015 and ponder about what I could have done differently. Yes, in all honesty it was probably the best month of my life. However, I'll admit that I do have some regrets. They're my food regrets. Food regrets? You're probably wondering what those are. Well, although I had all the time in the world to explore my curiosities about French cuisine, I feel that I didn't do enough of that.
It's truly an exciting time, living in a new city, meeting new people and just taking the culture in. Often, in the midst of my excitement of just being in Paris, I'd get so distracted that I wouldn't plan all the places I wanted to try, and I didn't do as much research as I could have. So in dire times of hunger, my friends and I would rush to the nearest café.
In retrospect, I see these as missed opportunities. Not that the food at these places was terrible, but there were certainly more worthwhile options. Had I just asked a local for their recommendations or even planned my day accordingly, I could have tried so many different restaurants.
I won't deny that there were a few times when by simply roaming the streets, we found some hidden gems. There was one particular café that became our go-to spot for happy hour. Café Rubis, located in Alesia, was great for draft beer with fruit syrup (something that the states should definitely have) and small afternoon snacks.
Then there were times when we planned exactly where we wanted to go, and completely lucked out. One of my favorite dinners was at Le Volant Basque, located in the 15th arrondissement. My meal, which consisted of veal and an egg casserole with mushrooms and vetreche was incredibly delicious. I also had the best crêpes with chocolate sauce at a small crêperie in Montmartre. These are just a few of the many positive dining experiences I had in Paris.
But being the foodie that I am, I guess it's only natural to want to try it all. Some of the restaurants I wish I could have made it to are Carette, Café Trama and A La Biche Au Bois. I definitely will not be missing these on my next visit.
My advice for anyone that wants to make the most of their dining experiences in Paris or in any other city in the world: don't settle! Don't settle for what's easy, what's convenient, and what's close. If you want to truly immerse yourself in the culture for a week or a month, or if you simply want to have an outstanding meal, do your homework. Do some research and discover some non-touristy spots. Make a list of all the restaurants you want to try and plan your day with them in mind. Trust me, it will definitely be worth it because food adventures are the best adventures.
Tell me about any of your food regrets and advice!


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Communication Information Centres taking education to the poor
Sat, 11 Jul 2020 Source: Albert Oppong-Ansah, GNA
The COVID-19 pandemic, indeed, has changed the way of life of all and sundry since the outbreak at the Wuhan Province in China last year.
The effect has been dire and the educational sector has not been spared as more than three million pupils have had to stay home as part of measures by the Government of Ghana to contain the virus.
These have been difficult times for children who rely solely on classroom education.
There have been pockets of online educational initiatives including Ghana Learning Radio with support from donors.
Specifically, these e-Learning studies have been developed in response to the closure of over 25,000 primary schools nationwide due to the Covid-19 global pandemic.
However many more children in rural areas are, unfortunately, left behind due either to lack of access to electricity or telephone reception.
In areas where there is electricity, some parents do not own a television or radio set for children to use to monitor lessons. Just like many developing countries, not all communities in Ghana have access to the required facilities to harness the power of information technology to meet economic, social, educational and development objectives. However the Community Information Centres (CICs) have come in handy to bridge the gap.
CICs are shared information and communication facilities for people in rural and isolated areas.
They range from a one-room facility providing a narrow range of services to facilities that provide training and development-oriented services.
Generally, CICs can be classified into two broad categories - those with a purely commercial orientation, and those with a community/education service orientation.
Mr Andrew Ofosu-Denkyi, the Educational Technical Programme Manager at World Vision Ghana, speaking in an interview with the Ghana News Agency, said the COVID-19 pandemic has curtailed the education of about three million children living at the fringes of the country who depend on schools for learning.
"Most of the children who live in rural areas do not have the full complement of teaching and learning materials and the right teachers due to their location. COVID-19 has made their situation worse," he stated.
To bridge the gap, the World Vision Ghana (WVG) has taken a number of initiatives and one of them is the use of the Community Information Centres to reach pupils with lessons just as was done in the classroom.
As a typical reading lesson for class four, children are seated at home at exactly 1000 hours with their books and listen to a teacher read stories to them.
Mr Ofosu-Denkyi noted that the WVG is implementing the 'Library in the Box' project, which some 30,000 children in 23 districts including Afram Plains in the Kwahu North, Krachie West in the Oti Region, and Upper Dankyira in the Central Region, are benefiting from.
Volunteers have been trained to assist the children in reading lessons.
As a measure to respect the social distancing protocol, the children are divided into clusters and take turns to visit the premises of the CIC aside listening in at home. The Ghana Education trained and accredited teachers go through reading, writing and arithmetic programmes with the children.
Under this innovation, parents have agreed to allow their children a specific period in the morning and afternoon to participate in the lessons.
That aside, parents support their children and monitor them to ensure they are seated and follow through to the end of the lessons.
Benedicta Boahemaa, a class four pupil at Monkra, a community in the Krachi West District, is happy to have gotten the chance to take lessons again after a long break.
"I was worried when our teachers asked us not to come to school again. Now I have the opportunity to learn. My reading skills have improved since I began studies," she said.
Forty-five year old Catherin Kosoe, a resident of Monkra, says; "Since it began, I noticed that this method is very good and I can see improvement in my children's learning. I have set up a table and a chair in the house so as soon as the learning time is up I call them to go and sit."
Madam Kosoe, Benedicta's mother, expressed satisfaction with the sit-in sessions at the CIC, adding that teaching and learning were always effective.
"As a result of some challenges, I did not get the opportunity to go through the formal education but realizing the importance of education, I have made it a point to ensure that all my children are educated to the highest level," she added.
The World Health Organisation is urging leaders to take steps to be innovative and live with the virus as efforts are underway to get a vaccine.
Mrs Joyce Larnyoh, Country Director for International Child Development, says to progressively transition into the new norm and to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals Four, government, as a special intervention to reach children, should scale up the CIC learning initiative.
She suggested to the Government to explore the option of supporting poor people with radio sets to enable their children to participate in learning sessions.
For community members, Mrs Larnyoh who is the Convenor for SDG Goal Four, is of the view that community members should volunteer their television and radio sets to be used by children in rural communities to learn.
Columnist: Albert Oppong-Ansah, GNA
No social distancing in classrooms at GIJ Dzorwulu campus - Report
Coronavirus: Gov't has abandoned Ghanaians as cases rise – Akandoh
Coronavirus: Business as usual at funeral grounds
Noguchi investigates coronavirus test results manipulation claims
Coronavirus: Effia-Nkwanta Hospital records 30 new cases

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Widow Qing (, 259–210 BC) was a Chinese businesswoman.

She belonged to the family who controlled the cinnabar mines in Changshou, which she managed herself as a widow. She is foremost known in history for her good business relationship to Emperor Qin Shi Huang, over whom she wielded a great deal of influence because of their business transactions and her substantial economic power.

She has been the subject of a TV-series in China.

References

250s BC births
210 BC deaths
3rd-century BC Chinese women
3rd-century BC Chinese people
Ancient businesswomen
Ancient businesspeople
Chinese mining businesspeople

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Terminator 6: Tim Miller is Officially Directing
by Cooper Hood
– on Sep 13, 2017
Tim Miller is officially onboard to direct Terminator 6 with James Cameron producing. After multiple poor attempts to revitalize the franchise, the rights to Terminator are finally poised to revert back to Cameron come 2019. As a result, he has been working on a way to revitalize the franchise in a big way. However, as he has already lined up four additional Avatar films, he was looking for a partner in this endeavor.
Once it was revealed that Cameron planned to reboot the franchise - one that is expected to wipe clean anything after T2: Judgement Day - Tim Miller's name was instantly said to be in talks to direct. Yet, in the months since, there has been no word on whether or not the deal was closed.
Thanks to a social media post from Skydance, shared by Skynet's Army, it has finally been confirmed that Miller will indeed direct the next Terminator film. The confirmation comes courtesy of an invite to a special 3D screening of T2 that will feature a conversation with Cameron and Miller before the movie starts. Here is a brief description of what to expect:
Join filmmakers James Cameron and Tim Miller on the Paramount Lot for an exclusive conservation with The Hollywood Reporter's Matt Belloni about their collaboration on the upcoming Terminator.
Now that Tim Miller is officially announced to be directing, fans can start to get excited for what the director of Deadpool will do with a new franchise. Thanks to his visual arts background with Blur Studios - the company behind sequences in Avatar and doing trailers for Star Wars video games as well as the Batman: Akrham series - the possibilities of what he and Cameron will come up with sure are enticing.
Since Miller has not previously been confirmed for the project, he has not tipped off where he plans to take the franchise next. Cameron on the other hand is full of ideas and already is planning to do a trilogy of new Terminator films, with Miller's film being the first part. Cameron is also making sure that this will be relevant to modern audiences. But, the new direction of the franchise will not be without its familiar elements. Arnold Schwarzenegger has confirmed that he will be back as well, but where else the story will go is unknown.
With Miller and Cameron slated to speak together publicly next week, it should not be long before we get a more clear idea of what they have in store. Lucky for them, the bar has not been set terribly high recently, but Cameron still has to live up to the glory of the first two films.
MORE: Why James Cameron Returned to The Terminator Franchise
Source: Skynet's Army
Tags: terminator, terminator 6


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The Cost of Choice
The cost of school choice
Dominique Martin was thrilled to get a state-funded voucher to send her daughter to private school. We go to Louisiana to investigate the cost of school choice.
As New Orleans' Catholic school enrollment fell, state vouchers came to the rescue
Archdiocese school officials have slowed attrition by tapping into a program that lets parents use state dollars to pay tuition at nonpublic schools.
Louisiana officials ask little before letting private schools get millions in public vouchers
The state has approved every private school that sought vouchers.
How one troubled New Orleans school earned millions from Louisiana's school-choice program
McMillian's First Steps Academy shows how some low-performing schools exist solely because of state voucher subsidies, with little accountability.
Louisiana promised children a way out of bad public schools – then steered thousands to D- and F-grade private campuses
Politicians said the Louisiana Scholarship Program would improve children's performance. It has failed to live up to its billing.
Red Cross 'failed for 12 days' after historic Louisiana floods
In August, flooding in Louisiana killed 13 people and left more than 80,000 homes severely damaged. And once again, the American Red Cross' response left local officials seething.
Wading through the aftermath of Louisiana's 1,000-year flood
Many of the homes that were flooded in the Baton Rouge area after a record-breaking storm still have contents and debris that haven't been hauled away.
Alton Sterling's funeral offers a moment of reflection
More than 1,000 people, including the Revs. Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton, attended the funeral for Alton Sterling, who was killed by police in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
And Justice for Some
When Louisiana's repeat offenders are judges
It takes a lot for a judge to get publicly disciplined once, let alone twice. But at least five judges across Louisiana have violated their oaths repeatedly and abused their judicial authority.
Poor Louisiana defendants fight alleged debtors' prison
Debtors' prisons were outlawed in the U.S. almost 200 years ago, but in pockets of the country, modern-day debtors' prisons are alive and well.
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Stefanson's bid to take premier's chair follows lifetime in politics
Progressive Conservative leadership candidate Heather Stefanson. Photo by Kevin King /Winnipeg Sun
Heather Stefanson's bid to lead the Manitoba Progressive Conservatives and take the premier's chair follows a lifetime in and around politics that started as a young girl.
She is the establishment candidate in the contest to replace former premier Brian Pallister, who stepped down from the top job last month. She is backed by most of her caucus colleagues and has experience in key cabinet portfolios.
She is also in the position of having to distance herself from her own party's decisions and explain why the COVID-19 pandemic hit Manitoba especially hard during her brief time as health minister.
"Have we always gotten it right? No," she said in a recent interview.
"And I think when we don't get it right, it's time to take a step back and say, 'You know, wait a minute. We've got to be out listening to Manitobans."'
Party members are to decide between Stefanson and former Manitoba MP Shelly Glover on Oct. 30.
Stefanson, 51, was seven years old when she got her first taste of politics. Her father ran for a seat in the legislature, finishing second to Liberal Lloyd Axworthy.
She studied political science at university and later worked for Mila Mulroney when Brian Mulroney was prime minister.
"It was really an opportunity to learn how government works and functions, because we were dealing with all the different government departments on the correspondence side of things," she recalled.
While in Ottawa, Stefanson met her future husband, Jason, a nephew of a former Manitoba cabinet minister.
She worked for the federal agriculture minister and, after the Tories lost the 1993 federal election, became an investment adviser. She was suspended at one point when she was found to have made trades during a period in which she had not kept up her credentials.
Stefanson was on then-premier Gary Filmon's constituency executive when the provincial Tories lost in 1999. Filmon stepped down the following year. Stefanson ran for his seat and won. She has held the Tuxedo constituency in Winnipeg ever since.
After years in opposition, the Tories under Pallister won a big majority in 2016. Since then, Stefanson has served in several roles, including deputy premier, health minister, justice minister and minister of families.
Her brief time in the health portfolio coincided with Manitoba's worst days of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The government did not heed pleas from some doctors to impose tighter public health restrictions as the third wave started last spring. Intensive care units soon became so overtaxed, dozens of patients had to be flown to other provinces for care. Some died there.
When asked how she would avoid a similar situation as premier, Stefanson pointed to ongoing efforts to expand intensive care capacity and a recent collective agreement signed with the Manitoba Nurses' Union.
"That will help towards the recruitment and retention of nurses."
Stefanson, without mentioning Pallister by name, is also promising a government that would listen and collaborate more. The day she launched her leadership bid, she promised to scrap legislation that would eliminate elected school boards. The bill, staunchly defended by Pallister, had run into widespread opposition. It was withdrawn by interim Tory leader and Premier Kelvin Goertzen earlier this month.
She believes the Tories, low in opinion polls, can rebound in time for the 2023 election.
"I'll spend my time listening and working with Manitobans," she said. "If we're listening to Manitobans and we're moving in a direction they want, it should be winnable again."
Stefanson had been touted as a possible leadership candidate in previous races, but she said she did not jump in because her children were young. They are now grown and Stefanson feels good about saying yes to people who asked her to run this time.
"Was I necessarily looking for this? Not really. But the opportunity sort of presented itself … and I had many of my colleagues coming and asking me if I would consider doing it. So I took some time with family and made that final decision."


→ Here's a sample of the eBook.
How do you express love, and what kind of love is right for you?
In Human Design we look at relationships from the perspective of connecting with others through gates and channels. Some are based in attraction, others in compromise, dominance or companionship. But are these connections a form of love?
There are themes within the bodygraph that represent specific expressions of love. Some are based in transpersonal love, and others in personal love. Each plays a different role, and the various forms of connectivity affect the way love is experienced.
Join Ra in this profound journey into the Gates of Love, different types of connection themes, relationship examples, and a look at the future of relationships. This audio lecture and eBook package consists of 5+ hours of 32 titled mp3 files, and a fully illustrated 143 page transcript eBook.
Note: Some of the recordings may be indistinct and include audience sounds. Please listen to the sample by clicking on the product image.
Ra explores different aspects of relationship themes and connection dynamics using an example chart.


The search field is now visible all the time.
thanks for your feedback! As you might have noticed, the search is only one click away, just as if the search field was visible all the time. Just click the icon and start typing! So the interaction needed by the user is actually the same.


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BIOE Postdoc Recognized for Early Colon Cancer Detection Research
Fischell Department of Bioengineering (BIOE) postdoctoral research associate Qinggong Tang was recently named the recipient of a two-year, $100,000 grant from the Prevent Cancer Foundation to develop an endoscopic multi-modality optical imaging system for early colon cancer detection.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common form of cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States, and the second- and third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths for men and women, respectively. When colorectal cancer is found at an early stage before it has spread, it has a five-year survival rate of 90 percent.
But, the survival rate drops to less than 10 percent once the cancer metastasizes. Unfortunately, only 25 percent of colorectal cancer cases are discovered in the early stage.
Recognizing this, Tang is working with fellow members of Associate Professor Yu Chen's Biophotonic Imaging Laboratory to develop new diagnostic tools – including novel high-resolution imaging techniques – that could aid early colorectal cancer detection, and guide biopsy procedures to improve sampling accuracy. When followed by preventative therapy, the new tools could lead to significant improvement in patient survival and quality of life.
Like colorectal cancer, many cancers arise from epithelial layers such as those of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Today, white-light endoscopy-guided excisional biopsy and histopathology remain the gold standard for GI cancer diagnosis. Unfortunately, this standard suffers from high false negative rates due to sampling errors, in large part because current endoscopy technology cannot detect early-stage subsurface lesions.
To tackle this challenge, Tang, Chen, and fellow lab members are working to develop a new generation of endoscopic imaging technology by combing two complementary optical imaging modalities: fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Their hope is that FLOT would provide depth-resolved quantitative molecular information using molecular-specific contrast agents, and OCT would provide high-resolution (micron-level) morphological images. Put simply, the team believes that by combining these two techniques, they can create a multi-modal imaging technology capable of producing high-sensitivity and high-specificity imaging for early detection of colorectal cancer as well as other GI and epithelial cancers.
"If successful, our proposed research will lead to the development and validation of a new noninvasive biomedical imaging tool for early cancer detection," Tang said. "After the development and validation in preclinical animal studies, this project has high potential to be translated into clinical studies. It is expected to have a major impact on detection, diagnosis, and characterization of GI cancers, as well as a wide range of epithelial cancers."
Tang's interest in biomedical imaging traces back to his early days as an undergraduate student at China's Huazhong University of Science and Technology, where he first developed a fascination for the power of light in revealing structural and functional information about biomolecules.
"Prompted by strong interests in the application of physics and engineering in life science, I decided to pursue research in developing optical technologies for biomedical applications," he said. "During my Ph.D. study, my grandmother died from cancer. It was then that I decided to focus on developing new diagnostic tools for early cancer detection, which may help to improve patient survival rates and quality of life."
Founded in 1985, the Prevent Cancer Foundation, a 501(c)3 nonprofit, supports cancer prevention research, education, advocacy and outreach programs nationwide. The foundation has played a pivotal role in developing a body of knowledge that is the basis for important prevention and early detection strategies. More information is available at www.preventcancer.org
Scarcelli Receives Junior Faculty Outstanding Research Award
New Microscopy Technique Sheds Light on How Cells Sense Environment
Using Brillouin Microscopy, Scarcelli Aims to Shed Light on How Tumor Cells Metastasize
Jewell Lab Awarded Two NIH R01 Bioengineering Research Grants
New Microscopy Technique Could Change LASIK
UMD Researchers Point to Future of Engineered Immune Tissues
Three BIOE Professors Awarded NIH R01s in as Many Months
Professor He Inducted into AIMBE College of Fellows
Stroka Named Outstanding Young Scientist by the Maryland Science Center
BioE Capstone 2016: New Projects Focus on Improved Healthcare for Underserved Communities, Pediatric Patients, and More


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videos of mfa exhibition projects here!
Videos of the pieces in the 2012 MFA exhibition, I've got something on your mind., are now available.
The MFA exhibition is the culmination of two years of concentrated work and play. Here the meaning of "digital arts" and "new media" come to life in the form of video installations, interactive experiences, gaming opportunities, sound art…an intersection of digital media art and its social impact.
Videos of the 2011 MFA exhibition here.
Video of the 2010 MFA exhibition here.


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Carrick on Shannon | The Barrelstore on Bridge Street | Whats On | Couple Breaks in Carrick on Shannon, Leitrim, Ireland.
Located in the heart of Carrick On Shannon you can be sure of a warm welcome to this stylish bar. A seat at the counter lets you savour all that what we have on offer, with an amazing floor to ceiling fine drinks selection. Here at The Barrelstore we are dedicated to advancing the art and practice of hospitality to all our visitors. With an expertly trained team on hand we can guide you through our carefully crafted and extensive selection of drinks.
We focus firstly on the selection of quality Irish produced goods in our Craft Beer, Whiskey and Liquor range. We have chosen the rare and wonderful from the world's producers of Whiskey, Liquor, Craft Beer and Wine. Added to have that we have developed a delectable Cocktail Menu that's sure to tempt you.
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Also known as Karpura, Camphor is another very sacred plant in Hinduism. It is considered to possess immense spiritual as well as medicinal value. The Karpura is also known by sixty other names. It is considered to be a personification of the moon. It is very much popular, especially for its shine and coolness.
The Karpura is a must for the performance of marriage rites, Havan and Yajna. The essential features of Karpura are elaborately mentioned in the Sushruta Samhita. It is also considered as very useful for the removal of bad odor from the mouth. Though drinking of juices from the trees were forbidden in the Sutras, the drinking of Soma and Karpura juices were allowed. Karpura is also worshipped, just like any other Hindu deity.


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Front controller should be able to register a sequence of commands against an event.
Front controller should be able to register a parallel of commands against an event.
Front controller can do "switching" work.
A command has to dispatch "complete" event when its job is done. It dispatches "error" event if erros happened. If the process is lengthy, it may dispatch "progress" event.
Event has "who" and "what" properties, indicating the object and function which dispatches the event.
The first line is what you usually see in a regular MVC framework (e.g. Cairngorm) where a single command is registered against a single event. If you want to perform command A, then B, then C for event 'E', you will have to write a new command, say X, to perform A-B-C. In MyMVC, however, you simply write something like line 2 or 3. This way, each individual command class is highly reusable and they can be combined in whatever way you want without writing new command classes.
When you broadcast 'PARALLEL_REGISTER' event, the event.data property has to be an array. The Front Controller will automatically splits your data, and perform each data in sequence (i.e. register first user, then 2nd, so on).
Note, the 2nd argument of addParallelCommands has to be an Array. If you only want to input a single command, still use an Array (of length 1). e.g.
Linux commands are straightforward. They receive some input and then (maybe after a long time) spit out the result (output). This simplicity makes it not only useful, but also highly reusable. Commands in any MVC framework should do the same thing: input then output. In MyMVC, command classes spit out output in the term of events (MyMVCEvent). If they perform their jobs successfully, they dispatch "complete" event which also includes the result. If fails, they dispatch "error" event which also includes the error message. If the process is lengthy, they may dispatch "progress" event with progress information.
The ability of dispatching events also makes sequence command mentioned above possible. How does the front controller know when the first command finishes and then call the second command? Event.
When an event is broadcasted, it's natural to inquire who broadcasts the event, and what function broadcasts the event in addition to the content of event. This is especially useful in MVC framework as many events are usually broadcasted (i.e. dispatched by a central agent), instead of dispatched. Let's say the front controller heard 'complete' event, he should know who completes the job and then can decide what to do next.
MyMVC was adopted from Cairngorm. It also incoporates many good features from real life applications (such as Employee Directory). The principles listed above makes it flexible and easy to build complex applications.


"The first three foundational principles of Creation—sourced from the Infinite One—are free will (pure awareness), unconditional love, and light (or appearance/presence-energy/manifestation).
These three principles are the complete ingredients for all of creation—just as out of the three primary colors you can make every color you desire. So every single experience you will ever have, and that Creation will ever have, is already rested in infinite, intelligent freedom, is already unconditionally loved, and is already unconditional made out of light.
That is why it is safe to let things BE. That is the whole idea behind acceptance, letting things be, or resting as your true unconditional nature: to recognize what lies beyond your stories and definitions of what appears in your life and to see the nature, the essence, and the three foundational principles that constitute everything in Creation.
This includes your trauma, this includes the things you don't desire, this includes your emotions, this includes your dreams, this includes your relationships. All of these are actually made up of unconditional freedom, love and light. If you can learn to recognize the essence of an experience, rather than the story applied to the experience, you are in a naturally enlightened state. Your Consciousness is enlightened, filled with light and has an Awareness of truth, because it is aware of the nature of reality, the principles which no appearance can escape, or consciousness, can escape.
So, when you let go of the assumption of "you" and rest in the spacious lightness of the here and the now—freedom, love and light—then you can relax into a truer way of seeing instead of contrived and distorted seeing.
You can now start to feel everything becoming included in the freedom, the love, and the light that you are recognizing. Separation starts to disappear, or at least to diminish. Edges start to soften. The heart starts to open. The mind starts to become quiet, clear, and transparent. Intuition starts to govern your actions and motivations, and now you are becoming a more non-physically-oriented being, a less physically-derived and focused creature; less mind-based, more higher mind-based, or more consciousness-based. Then it becomes easier and easier to let things be as they are; because you're training yourself to recognize the freedom, love and light they consist of.
Everything is already in a state of "let-be". Everything is already allowed as it is. Everything is already inseparable from all of creation. Everything is already one with the Infinite One who enabled it into existence through the principles of freedom, love and light. Everything is already perfect, already realized, already accomplished, already achieved, already okay, already abundant. Everything is already absolutely, timelessly free.
Do you get that? There is not a single aspect of your creation that is not completely rested in these first three primordial constitutions of this singularity that we also call the One Infinite Creation.
When you are going through a negative emotional experience, appreciate that the appearance itself is made up out of love, freedom, and light. This is a very beautiful realization to cultivate. To be able to rest with whatever arises, to let it be, is a very beautiful way to instantly make peace with what-is.
Then, from an empowerment point of view, you can start choosing to focus on what-is-yet-to-come, on what is in alignment with what (from your point of view) is your "future," but actually is your Higher Self continuously down-pouring unto you the next-level waves of your expression of the Infinite—all totally in alignment with the first three principles of Creation. There is nothing about the idea of future empowerment that contradicts freedom, love, and light. In fact, it is an aspect or expression of these three principles; it is the means by which Creation performs its mission to express infinite unity in as many ways as it possibly can… which is what you are doing by simply being you.
Everything you ever experienced is swimming in freedom, swimming in love, swimming in light. It doesn't first have to look like peace before it is peace. It doesn't first have to look like enlightenment before it is enlightened. It doesn't first have to look awake before it is awake. The messiest of experiences are as much suffused with freedom, love, and light as the clearest, most pristine state of mind. There is no difference in the amount of freedom, love, and light that a messy experience contains versus a clear experience.
Now, that is the irreversible shift that is so much more all-inclusive than we thought.
We thought there was a distinction: "This is what enlightenment looks like; this is definitely what it does not look like." -- This kind of thinking makes your journey harder and harder as you become more and more as you would assume an enlightened person to be! So, when you go a little off-track, you are very much prone to judge that as "What went wrong? Where did I lose my enlightenment? Am I just full of sh*t? Was I full of sh*t even when I was enlightened?" No, enlightenment is so much more all-inclusive than that. You see, your most messed-up experience is as much rested in freedom, love, light, perfection, and recognition of oneness, as the clearest human relational experience you've ever had. The only difference is in the eye of the one judging—which you do not have to limit yourself to any more.
You see, to stop judging right from wrong, to stop judging enlightenment from un-enlightenment, to stop judging highest from lowest is to become more than just your "bubble of self." It is to become transparent to the nature of what already is. So, if you want, from this day onwards, you never ever have to judge yourself again. Just see all and any experience as being an emanation of--and perfectly rested in--freedom, unconditional love, and infinite light.
It is that easy. This perspective will deepen, and it will expand. Yes, there is a journey into this, but it's a journey into something that is already here. And I am not talking about your circumstances. I often feel that spiritual teachers miss-equate the freedom of recognizing the true nature of what is with "just be present with what is, circumstantially." But there is a great, great difference. I say recognize the nature of all that is, and hardly ever focus on what-is, circumstantially.
The instruction in certain mindfulness settings is to be mindful of what is here and now. That is circumstance-focused and does not actually recognize the deeper levels of what the circumstance--whether a present one or a remembered or imagined one--is made out of. Mindfulness too often becomes just a human being focusing on its stuck circumstance, created out of past beliefs. There is no benefit in that, except insofar as it focuses your attention a little bit more on the sense of being here and now. That is its only benefit. Eighty percent of it, if not more, is wasted time and consciousness, that could instead be spent doing something far more liberating: realizing the nature of each appearance, experience and circumstance. Seeing beyond the surface, and learning to see the One Infinite Being in everything, whether that "everything" is a present circumstance, or a thought you have about your future; it does not matter. All is equally the One Infinite Being, and so EVERY appearance can serve double duty: it can either be labeled, or it can be recognized for what it is: The One Infinite Creator's Freedom, Love and Light.
So again, just to make myself extra clear: what I'm saying is recognize the nature of what-is, but don't be overly focused on the state or condition of what-is. It doesn't matter whether this phone is over here or over there. It doesn't matter what kind of thoughts I am having. It doesn't matter what is happening physically right now. What is happening does not need to be focused on. The underlying, true nature of what is happening should be recognized, can be emphasized, can be reflected, and can be experienced. This is what actually "enlightens" your Awareness more rapidly than practically any other practice out there.
What enlightens your Awareness is not to be aware of the space and the distance between your foot and my foot, and not to walk very silently and feel every single sensation in your feet, or smell the flowers. All that nonsense does hardly anything substantial for your enlightenment compared to the other practice suggested above. Maybe just a tiny bit—it can be an entrance way, but if your mindfulness of circumstance doesn't also very quickly lead you into the deep recognition that the flower is made out of absolute infinite freedom, love, and light, then you are misusing your time. Sort of wasting it to be honest.
Many people waste their time. Much of spirituality wastes our time. So make it productive; make your time here productive. If you need to practice enlightenment, then do it swiftly, do it directly, and do it efficiently. Go straight to the heart of it, which is to recognize that whatever appearance comes up, it is made out of freedom, love, and light, and it is an expression of the Infinite One beyond all form. The One is the All and the All is the One.
In recognizing the oneness that is shared equally among and as all appearances (experiences) is where you will find greater and greater enlightenment with what already is, the way it already is, the way you cannot escape it. It is inescapable; the nature that you are recognizing is inescapable. So when you are perceiving what-is, deepen your consciousness of its nature, of its essence. Don't focus on the circumstantial level of it. Don't focus on the physical level of it. Focus on its infinity within.
So it's not to be present; it's to be in recognition of presence/awareness all the time, whether you are thinking about the future, about the past, or about the now. You see, from the viewpoint of Presence-Awareness, the present is just another thought, just as the future or the past are merely other thoughts—all made up out of freedom, love-presence, and light.
Give yourself the freedom to not have to "be present," and simply be in recognition of the presence of freedom, love, and light, which is continuous—not stuck in your circumstances of this moment. This Presence is equally there when you are daydreaming; although, to a mindfulness practitioner, you might seem completely off course. In many ways, an awareness that is aware of the love/light/freedom presence in a daydream/imagination, is resting its consciousness in a more enlightened vibration than the typical mindfulness practitioner who is being aware of the shape of a flower, or the sensation of its footsteps. This is because the consciousness who is recognizing Presence in its imaginative state, is in much closer vibrational resonance to the level of what I would simply term the Higher Self, whereas the physically-focused state of consciousness or "being present", is the same as being focused on a reflection of your past level of vibration; which is what the present circumstance is, a reflection of past thinking.
So, start becoming aware, intuitively, that each appearance in your life is infused and energized by Infinite Freedom, Infinite Love, and Infinite Light, and see how this expands your world in honor of the One Infinite Creator who enables all of creation by creating the 3 primary distortions. Awareness (or freedom), Unconditional (formless) Love, Light-presence (energy)."


This is not just a slogan to us. Over the past 25 years, we have dedicated ourselves to providing the best there is to offer in our products. This includes our proprietary compounds which have been extensively researched and tested by top athletes around the world to ensure that they provide the highest level of comfort and longevity possible. We are also the innovators of the Lock-On Grip system, which innovated the way in which grips are installed and secured to the handlebars and still remains the worldwide standard for grips. This is also the reason that we have chosen to continue producing our products exclusively in the USA in our own facility. While other manufacturers are scurrying to the lowest possible cost producer overseas, we remain dedicated to maintaining the highest possible product quality facilitated by our long term relationships we have developed with our suppliers.
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I am drawn to weddings a bit off the beaten path. Whether in a barn, a courthouse, a museum or on a mountaintop, the weddings that are most fun to photograph are the ones that ring true to the couple. If you're having a genuinely great time you can bet your guests are as well, and the photographs will reflect that.
When I photograph weddings I focus on the people. Whether you have two guests or two hundred, asking them to join in your celebration is significant, and those memories will far outlast anything else. Weddings are usually the only time when that specific group of people will ever be together again, and I consider it a privilege to document the day.
Please contact me for pricing. I work within a wide range of budgets and enjoy working directly with couples to find the right photography package to fit your needs.


The foundations of a successful software project | First Option Software Ltd.
Having completed hundreds of projects and seen how many different companies of all shapes and sizes approach software projects, we've put together our thoughts on approaches to providing the best foundations to creating a successful IT project.
Look out for our other related blog "Why does the IT industry have a reputation for failed projects?" which covers the same topic from the opposite standpoint.
Before the proliferation of the web, supplier relationships were primarily made by recommendation and referral, meaning that there was significant emphasis on the reputation of previous projects. This world has changed. Most companies now choose their software development partner by finding a range of likely candidates on google, doing their own due diligence, and gathering a range of proposals to choose from. This new approach often leads to a significant focus on price comparison. And yet for most projects the project price is only a single part of ensuring the overall project is a success. Of course, it's important that the price fits within your financial budget, but if you choose the wrong supplier and the project goes wrong, any cost savings are blown out of the water.
Read on to see how relationships, trust and communication are other key factors you should be considering.
If the project is of any decent size, you need to be able to trust each other and ideally consider each other as friends. People with close relationships understand each other, empathise and help each other out – all characteristics that help a project succeed and overcome the difficulties that are bound to crop up from time to time on an IT project. Spending time building relationships is invaluable in ensuring both parties have a vested interest in making it a long term relationship. When looking for a new partner consider how well the individual relationships are likely to bond and work together.
Most of the world's problems generally boil down to poor communication in one way or another. Communication on IT projects is incredibly important from the very beginning when you are communicating your requirement, through to the final delivery. At any stage, miscommunication has the potential to derail your project, so emphasis and understanding the need to communicate clearly from both sides is crucial to a successful project.
It's easy to conclude that you want or need everything for the first delivery. However the IT world now moves so fast that creating a minimum viable product that includes the most impactful features is the best way to get ahead of the competition. Start by considering which of your requirements are most critical or beneficial and prioritise those for the first release, with others rapidly following afterwards.
In order to develop a software project it's best to have a clear vision and understanding of what it is you want to create. Whether you take a traditional waterfall or agile development approach, if you don't share a clear vision with the development team from the start, it's likely that you're not going to achieve your goal and end up bogged down and off-track.
IT doesn't stand still, it's always moving. You need to be prepared for how you cater for change that comes from many different directions; growth, technology, regulation, competitors, customers and staff can all impact on how your software needs to evolve over time. Whilst it's impossible to predict the future, it's worth spending some time thinking about what are the most likely areas to be impacted, so that the developers can at least bear in mind what might happen in the future when designing the relevant components.
With IT projects it can be easy to get sucked into focusing solely on the nitty gritty detail of how the software will work, and whilst some of these details can be fundamental to a project, our experience is that the foundations above are crucial foundations to have in place for a project of any reasonable size.


The Global Roundup is the annual gathering of 3 Day Startup's worldwide community of change-makers, entrepreneurs, and future leaders. Join us in Austin, TX for an unforgettable weekend of authentic new connections, learning, fun, and career growth.
The Global Roundup is open to students, educators, professionals, and anyone interested in cultivating an entrepreneurial mindset.


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For a more accurate search result, enter the full beneficiary name as printed on your supporter card. If you do not have the full detailed name, try searching by using one word from the name, or sections of the name. You can also search for sections of the name to get all results with that those parts. Otherwise, search per region.


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I Rock Cleveland I Rock Cleveland | The Rockometer: Marble Son by Jesse Sykes and the Sweet Hereafter
The Rockometer: Marble Son by Jesse Sykes and the Sweet Hereafter
Jesse Sykes and the Sweet Hereafter
Marble Son
Station Grey Records
Considering how Marble Son has been billed as Jesse Sykes' electric rock album, it's surprising how little its opening track, "Hushed by Devotion" does to further this story line. Yes, Sykes' voice is as brilliant as ever — Husky, smoky, and a little rough around the edges; Nuanced, foreboding, and surprisingly calm. The problem is not Sykes, but her backing band, The Sweet Hereafter, who are thoroughly unconvincing as a heavy psych-rock outfit. The riffs wander with little direction. Heavy chords are painted in a color-by-numbers style. It's as if their education in the genre began and ended in the early '70s.
Thankfully, for an album billed as an electric rock album, Marble Son, offers far more than poorly plotted reenactments of '70s bombast. There's the title track, a number whose feigned outburst, simply plucked chords, and tasteful arrangements convey mystery and wonder much better than the opener, and does so with far less volume. The somber tones of "Servant to Your Vision," offer similar pleasures, while working in a more familiar alt-country milieu. Later, "Be it Me, or Be It None, dazzles with a minimal drone, well-spaced guitar lines and a slight, hushed chorus. While the plainly titled instrumental track, "Instrumental," ties the spirit of the old West with the mindfulness of the Far East during a sparse and spacey excursion analogous to the cinematic work of Portland, Oregon's Grails. It is not only a great example of what Jesse Sykes and the Sweet Hereafter are capable of when they take a more open, less literal approach to psychedelic music, but also provides an elegant segue to another one of the album's unquestioned highlights, "The Birds of Passerine." Here, like the title track, the song's climax is implied (It threatens, but never does explode into a cavalcade of sound), as a barren and eerie arrangement of guitar and pedal steel embraces Sykes' aching vocals, definitively proving in this case bigger is not necessarily better, and adding more guitar is not the same as producing a more powerful work of art. Quiet can do just fine on its own, thank you. 8 out of 10 on The Rockometer.
MP3: Jesse Sykes and the Sweet Hereafter – Come to Mary
Tags folksy jams jesse sykes and the sweet hereafter psych review rockometer roots


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by Anton Chekhov, translation by Paul Schmidt
directed by Gwendolyn Wiegold
Written in 1895, The Seagull is Anton Chekhov's famous tale of romantic woe and artistic identity. Considered to be the first of Chekhov's four major plays, the story is an ensemble tale of an extended family in rural Russia grappling with themselves and each other in their quest for success and love. Famous for debuting as a critical failure, The Seagull today stands as one of Russia's greatest theatrical works due to the beautiful richness of humanity in its characters that forces the audience to ask ourselves what gives us hope.
Michaela Voit (Arkádina) is a third-year in the College majoring in English and Public Policy. She is thrilled to be acting in her seventh UT production; her past roles include Miss Julie (Kristine), Cowboy Mouth (Cavale), Much Ado About Nothing (Beatrice), and A Midsummer Night's Dream (Helena). Michaela is a member of the Dean's Men Board, serving as Treasurer.
Jacob Goodman (Konstantin Treplev) is a first-year in the College majoring in Visual Arts and Comparative Human Development. Previous acting credits include Twelfth Night (Duke Orsino) and a lot of mishegoss in high school.
Adam Johnson (Sorin) is a third-year in the College. Previously with UT, he has directed (The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds, Talk to Me Like the Rain and Let Me Listen...), acted (Urinetown, Amadeus, Grey Gardens), and dramaturged (Macbeth, Twelfth Night).
Emma Maltby (Nina) is a second-year in the College majoring in TAPS and English. Previous UT credits include Suburbia (Bee-Bee), Rumors (Chris Gorman), and Macbeth (Lady Macduff). She has also acted for New Work Week, as well as several Weekend of Workshops and Theater [24] festivals. Emma serves on UT's committee.
Ruben Lesnick (Ilya Afanásyevich Shamráyev) is a fourth-year biology major. He has previously appeared in The Candles, Love's Labour's Lost, Selections from Angels in America, and As You Like It, in addition to productions with C.E.S. and a caboodle of Theater [24]s.
Laurie Beckoff (Paulina) is a fourth-year English major. Her previous UT credits include Twelfth Night (Fool), Macbeth (First Witch), Cabaret (Helga), and As You Like It (Phebe). She also choreographed UT's productions of Urinetown and The Drowsy Chaperone. This is her first mainstage that is neither Shakespeare nor a musical. While studying abroad at Oxford University, she played Puck in A Midsummer Night's Dream. She would like to thank Gwen for making the last four years absolutely terrific.
Sherlock Ziauddin (Masha) is a student in the College.
Alex Morales (Trigorin) is a third-year TAPS and Psychology double major, expecting a B.A. in 2017. Previous credits include Variations on the Death of Trotsky (Trotsky), Amadeus (Salieri), and CLOSER (Larry).
Thomas Meerschwam (Dorn) is a third-year in the College majoring in Economics and minoring in Art History. Previous acting credits include Hedda Gabler (George Tesman) and Henry V (King of France). Thomas is also a member of Fire Escape Films, and is looking to pursue a career in the film industry after college.
Michael Procassini (Medvedénko) is a student in the College.
Gwendolyn Wiegold (Director) is a fourth-year in the College majoring in TAPS and minoring in English and Creative Writing. Past UT directing credits include Cowboy Mouth (Winter 2015) and As You Like It (Fall 2013). Gwendolyn has also acted at UChicago, notably in First Love (Edith) and A Midsummer Night's Dream (Bottom). She is the current president of the Dean's Men Board and works as North Campus Front of House Manager for TAPS Student Staff. Gwendolyn would like to extend her warmest thanks to everyone who has worked to bring the world of The Seagull to life.
Mariel Shlomchik (Production Manager) is a third-year in the College studying Biology (with a major passion in theater). The Seagull is her tenth show with University Theater. In the last year she has production managed Krapp's Last Tape, Love's Labour's Lost, and Cowboy Mouth.
Ariela Subar (Stage Manager) is a third-year student in the College, majoring in Theater & Performance Studies. Previous stage management credits include include This is How it Goes, Amadeus, Macbeth (1st Assistant Stage Manager), A Little Star Quality within A Weekend of Workshops, as well as CESfest's croMagnum (Assistant Stage Manager). She has also served as the Assistant Stage Manager for First Floor Theater's productions of Kafkapalooza and Animals Commit Suicide. Ariela currently serves as the Student Staff Photographer for TAPS.
Alexander "Xander" Eichner (Dramaturg) is a third-year in the College majoring in Mathematics and Sociology. They've acted in a number of UT shows in the past, and recently have tried directing (House of Cards, co-director) and dramaturgy (Miss Julie, assistant).
Alice Sheehan (Lighting Designer) is a second-year NELC major and TAPS minor. Recent UT credits include By the Bog of Cats, Miss Julie, Suburbia, and Love's Labours Lost among many others.
Dan Lastres (Sound Designer) is a second-year in the college majoring in Music and English. Previous Sound Designing credits include Love's Labour's Lost, and Twelfth Night. Dan is also a performing member of Occam's Razor.
Gabriella Mulder (Set Designer) is a third-year in the College majoring in Sociology and Gender and Sexuality Studies. Previous UT credits include Rumors (Set Designer), Fifth Planet (Set Designer), Henry V (Assistant Set Designer), Sleuth (Assistant Stage Manager), and The Clean House (Assistant Set Designer).
Emily Cambias (Props Designer) is a student in the College.
Sofia Johnson (Costume Designer) is a fourth-year in the College studying Comparative Human Development. She has previously designed costumes for University Theater (Cowboy Mouth, A Midsummer Night's Dream, and The Drowsy Chaperone), Classical Entertainment Society (Mostellaria), and Le Vorris And Vox (Mowgli's Adventures). As an ensemble member for UChicago Commedia, she has costume designed one production and acted in six.
Michael Roy (Master Electrician) is a fourth-year in the College majoring in chemistry. He has served as an ME on five previous shows and as an ALD on two. He is thankful for the wonderful opportunities afforded to him by UT.
Amelia Soethe (Assistant Director) is a third-year in the College majoring in Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations. She has appeared in Love's Labour's Lost and Twelfth Night.
Patrick Doyle (Asst. Production Manager) is a first-year in the College. Patrick previously worked with UT on Urinetown (Assistant Production Manager).
Charlotte Rieder (Asst. Props Designer) is a second-year in the College majoring in Mathematics and Computer Science. Previous UT credits include costume assistant (Love's Labour's Lost) and assistant director (Henry V).
Rena Slavin (Asst. Sound Designer) is a first-year in the College majoring in Economics and Political Science. Previous theater-related work includes playing piano in the pit orchestras of Cabaret, The Who's TOMMY, The Drowsy Chaperone, and Chicago.
Emma Heras (Asst. Costume Designer) is a student in the College.
Afriti Bankwalla (Asst. Costume Designer) is a student in the College.
Brandon McCallister (Asst. Lighting Designer) is a second-year in the College double majoring in TAPS and Comparative Human Development. Previous credits include Henry V and Richard II (Assistant Stage Manager), Love's Labour's Lost (Assistant Director), Urinetown (Assistant Props), Twelfth Night (Stage Manager) and A Weekend of Workshops: The Monkey's Paw (Director).
Michelle Noyes (First Asst. Stage Manager) is a first-year in the College majoring in Biology. She has previously assistant stage managed on Twelfth Night.
Katy Surhigh (Second Asst. Stage Manager) is a second-year English major. Her previous credits include Rumors (Assistant Costumes) and Urinetown (Billy Boy Bill/UGC Exec #2), as well as acting in Theater[24] and New Work Week. She is also a newly elected member of the 2016/17 UT Committee and sings a cappella with Rhythm and Jews, serving as their Publicity Chair.
Patrick Doyle (Assistant Production Manager) is a first-year in the College. Patrick previously worked with UT on Urinetown (Assistant Production Manager).
Amanda Wilson (Asst. Sound Designer) is a student in the College.
Isaiah Newman (Asst. Set Designer) is a student in the College.
Ben Sulser (Tech Staff Liaison) is a student in the College.
Sarah Kim (Committee Liaison) is a student in the College.


Unique comedy stories from an unknown comedian who's made her living telling and selling jokes for over 2 decades. From bombing to working with celebrities, and performing in weird venues Jan tells you the inside scoop on being a true working comedian, and she does it with stories in under 5 minutes. She also talks about selling comedy material to everyone from the Tonight Show to guests on the Jerry Springer Show Each podcast ends with a "lesson learned" take-away tip that is appropriate for everyone, even if you're not a comedian.
Comedians really don't have a straight path to become a comedian. I did a lot of marketing by trial and error, and my podcast today focuses on some comedian marketing.
Comedy shows can make people come up with stupid ideas. I don't know why, and I've lived through a lot of them. This comedy podcast focuses on a stupid idea.
I was told about "bumpability" by another comedian, and it's a stupid and rude idea! Today's comedy podcast explains this dumb idea!
Comedians have a better chance of getting booked into comedy clubs if the club owner or booker actually sees them. Here's Jan's take on doing comedy auditions for Comedy Clubs.
A Comedian emceeing should be pretty self-explanatory. The comedian does the announcements and does some jokes to keep things going. But toss in a bunch of drunks who don't want a comedian to do humor and you've got Jan's emcee gig. Here's the story!
he Comedy Awards were a big deal several years ago. Here's Jan's story.
Go Red For Women is a great fundraiser run by the American Heart Association to raise awareness about heart diseases in women. They hold Go Red For Women luncheons across the country. Jan has shared her humor at many of them . . .here's her first experience.
Comedy can happen anywhere. . . even following a male stripper show. Jan talks working in Vegas and meeting the Thunder From Down Under dancers.


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Morebattle is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the B6401, seven miles south of Kelso, Scottish Borders, beside the Kale Water, a tributary of the River Teviot. The St. Cuthbert's Way long distance footpath passes through the village.

Surrounding villages include Cessford and Eckford to the west; Linton to the north; Town Yetholm and Kirk Yetholm to the east; and Hownam and Mowhaugh to the south.

History
The place-name comes from the Anglian mere-bōðl - "dwelling place by the lake" (Linton Loch). No evidence of any battles (the simplistic origin) exists.

Morebattle parish church is noted as being in the diocese of Glasgow from approximately 1116. It stands on a prominence overlooking the Kale Water. The building was engulfed by fire in 1544 and rebuilt. The present structure dates mostly from the 1750s with extensions being erected in 1899 and 1903 by Hardy & Wight.

The village has a "Teapot Street" which according to local legend (unlikely to be true) was named by Sir Walter Scott, who, passing through the village one day, noticed the wives in the street carrying teapots to the nearby Kale Water to picnic, and remarked, "that must be Teapot Street."

Linton Loch was a substantial loch between Morebattle and Linton, but it was drained as part of the 19th century agricultural improvements in the area.

Dialect of Morebattle
The distinctive traditional Southern Scots dialect of Morebattle was the subject of a study by Swiss dialectologist Rudolph Zai, published in 1942.

Famous residents
James Thomson, the Ednam poet, was born in Morebattle.
Robert Davidson, poet, lived and was buried in Morebattle, where he is commemorated.

Morebattle Hillfort

On the summit Morebattle Hill, half-a-mile south of the village, is the remains of an Iron Age hillfort (). The fort is shaped like an elongated letter D, with its main axis lying northeast to southwest. The fort measures 190 metres in length by 70 metres in greatest width within a single rampart. The remains of a small settlement can be seen at the northeast end of the fort.

About 400 metres to the northeast, on a spur of the hill (), is a second smaller fort, largely levelled by cultivation. It originally measured 70 metres by 50 metres within double ramparts. The northeast end has been destroyed by a later quarry.

See also
List of places in the Scottish Borders
List of places in Scotland

References

External links

Morebattle Parish Church website Cheviot Churches

Villages in the Scottish Borders
Parishes in Roxburghshire


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Impacts of Vessel Surveys and Tagging Operations on the Behavior of Beluga Whales in Cook Inlet June 1994
Survey to assess the impacts of research on of Cook Inlet beluga whales radio-tagged near the Susitna River delta in Alaska.
In June of 1994, the National Marine Mammal Laboratory conducted a vessel survey of beluga whales in the northwest comer of Cook Inlet, Alaska. The focus of the survey was a radio-tagging study of a portion of the population found near the Susitna River delta. The impacts of the methods used to tag and study beluga whales from vessel platforms were examined. Using techniques similar to those employed by native hunters, beluga whales were isolated from their groups and pursued. Surfacing behaviors were categorized and analyzed based on initial reactions to. tagging attempts, duration of tagging attempts, and whether the animals were in undisturbed or actively pursued groups. Behaviors were broken down into two categories: head lifts and slow rolls. The amount of time an animal was visible at the surface during each type of behavior was also examined. Based on analysis of videotaped pursuits, belugas were more likely to head lift during an approach and tagging sequence than to slow roll. In undisturbed groups, times at the surface were significantly different between head lifting and slow rolling animals, and between juveniles and adults displaying slow rolling behavior. Reactions to disturbance were consistent with those observed in other studies. Despite hunting pressures and tagging activities, belugas never abandoned the study area. Site tenacity, demonstrated by this species in other regions, is apparent in the Cook Inlet population.
Cook Inlet Beluga Whale


This is a very good prosecco. In a blind taste test my wife and I preferred it to the more expensive prosecco that Waitrose had on offer.
Review by Jill Fairbanks , 08/04/2017.
Review by Jill Fairbanks, 08/04/2017.
Light but fruity with a special zest that hits the taste bids!
Review by David Reeves, 07/04/2017.
Review by liz denial, 07/04/2017.
Amazing, very fresh and tasty, goes down easily! Still very cheap so good value for money, overall great really.
Review by Emily Turner, 07/04/2017.
A delicious aperitif the year through. Just whats needed to get the guests relaxing. Also a special to serve with a special dessert.
Review by david crawford, 04/06/2015.
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Water vapor trends is a big subject and so this article is not a comprehensive review – there are a few hundred papers on this subject. However, as most people outside of climate scientists have exposure to blogs where only a few papers have been highlighted, perhaps it will help to provide some additional perspective.
Think of it as an article that opens up some aspects of the subject.
And I recommend reading a few of the papers in the References section below. Most are linked to a free copy of the paper.
Mostly what we will look at in this article is "total precipitable water vapor" (TPW) also known as "column integrated water vapor (IWV)".
What is this exactly? If we took a 1 m² area at the surface of the earth and then condensed the water vapor all the way up through the atmosphere, what height would it fill in a 1 m² tub?
The average depth (in this tub) from all around the world would be about 2.5 cm. Near the equator the amount would be 5cm and near the poles it would be 0.5 cm.
Averaged globally, about half of this is between sea level and 850 mbar (around 1.5 km above sea level), and only about 5% is above 500 mbar (around 5-6 km above sea level).
How do we find IVW (integrated water vapor)?
Frequent radiosonde launches were started after the Second World War – prior to that knowledge of water vapor profiles through the atmosphere is very limited.
Satellite studies of water vapor did not start until the late 1970's.
Unfortunately for climate studies, radiosondes were designed for weather forecasting and so long term trends were not a factor in the overall system design.
Radiosondes were mostly launched over land and are predominantly from the northern hemisphere.
Given that water vapor response to climate is believed to be mostly from the ocean (the source of water vapor), not having significant measurements over the ocean until satellites in the late 1970's is a major problem.
As most people might suspect from the name, a reanalysis isn't a data source. We will take a look at them a little later.
Three names that come up a lot in papers on radiosonde measurements are Gaffen, Elliott and Ross. Usually pairing up they have provided a some excellent work on radiosonde data and on measurement issues with radiosondes.
All the above trend studies considered the homogeneity of the time series in the selection of stations and the choice of data period. Homogeneity of a record can be affected by changes in instrumentation or observing practice. For example, since relative humidity typically decreases with height through the atmosphere, a fast responding humidity sensor would report a lower relative humidity than one with a greater lag in response.
Thus, the change to faster-response humidity sensors at many stations over the last 20 years could produce an apparent, though artificial, drying over time..
These examples show that the combination of historical and statistical information can identify some known instrument changes. However, we caution that the separation of artificial (e.g., instrument changes) and natural variability is inevitably somewhat subjective. For instance, the same instrument change at one station may not show as large an effect at another location or time of day..
Furthermore, the ability of the statistical method to detect abrupt changes depends on the variability of the record, so that the same effect of an instrument change could be obscured in a very noisy record. In this case, the same change detected at one station may not be detected at another station containing more variability.
We found that a global estimate could not be made because reliable records from the Southern Hemisphere were too sparse; thus we confined our analysis to the Northern Hemisphere. Even there, the analysis was limited by continual changes in instrumentation, albeit improvements, so we were left with relatively few records of total precipitable water over the era of radiosonde observations that were usable.
Well, I recommend that readers take the time to read the whole paper for themselves to understand the quality of work that has been done – and learn more about the issues with the available data.
What is Special about 1973?
In their 1991 paper, Elliot and Gaffen showed that pre-1973 radiosonde measurements came with much more problems than post-1973.
Note that the above is just for the US radiosonde network.
Our findings suggest caution is appropriate when using the humidity archives or interpreting existing water vapor climatologies so that changes in climate not be confounded by non-climate changes.
The introduction of the new hygristor in 1980 necessitated a new algorithm.. However, the new algorithm also eliminated the possibility of reports of humidities greater than 100% but ensured that humidities of 100% cannot be reported in cold temperatures. The overall effect of these changes is difficult to ascertain. The new algorithm should have led to higher reported humidities compared to the older algorithm, but the elimination of reports of very high values at cold temperatures would act in the opposite sense.
As the worst cases came before 1973, most researchers subsequently reporting on water vapor trends have tended to stick to post-1973 (or report on that separately and add caveats to pre-1973 trends).
But it is important to understand that issues with radiosonde measurements are not confined to pre-1973.
Most (but not all) of these changes represent improvements in sensors or other practices and so are to be welcomed. Nevertheless they make it difficult to separate climate changes from changes in the measurement programs..
Since then, there have been several generations of sensors and now sensors have much faster response times. Whatever the improvements for weather forecasting, they do leave the climatologist with problems. Because relative humidity generally decreases with height slower sensors would indicate a higher humidity at a given height than today's versions (Elliott et al., 1994).
This effect would be particularly noticeable at low temperatures where the differences in lag are greatest. A study by Soden and Lanzante (submitted) finds a moist bias in upper troposphere radiosondes using slower responding humidity sensors relative to more rapid sensors, which supports this conjecture. Such improvements would lead the unwary to conclude that some part of the atmosphere had dried over the years.
Different countries tend to use different radiosondes, have different algorithms and have different reporting practices in place.
The following comparison is of upper tropospheric water vapor. As an aside this has a focus because water vapor in the upper atmosphere disproportionately affects top of atmosphere radiation – and therefore the radiation balance of the climate.
Since the same satellite is used in the comparison at all radiosonde locations, the satellite measurements serve as a fixed but not absolute reference. Thus we can infer that radiosonde values over the former Soviet Union tend to be systematically moister than the satellite measurements, that are in turn systematically moister than radiosonde values over western Europe.
However, it is not obvious from these data which of the three sets of measurements is correct in an absolute sense. That is, all three measurements could be in error with respect to the actual atmosphere..
..However, such a satellite [calibration] error would introduce a systematic bias at all locations and would not be regionally dependent like the bias shown in fig. 3 [=figure 6].
They go on to identify the radiosonde sensor used in different locations as the likely culprit. Yet, as various scientists comment in their papers, countries take on a new radiosonde in piecemeal form, sometimes having a "competitive supply" situation where 70% is from one vendor and 30% from another vendor. Other times radiosonde sensors are changed across a region over a period of a few years. Inter-comparisons are done, but inadequately.
Over data-sparse regions such as the tropics, the limited spatial coverage can introduce systematic errors of 10-20% in terms of the relative humidity. This problem is particularly severe in the eastern tropical Pacific, which is largely void of any radiosonde stations yet is especially critical for monitoring interannual variability (e.g. ENSO).
Thus there is some observational evidence for increases in moisture content in the troposphere and perhaps in the stratosphere over the last 2 decades. Because of limitations of the data sources and the relatively short record length, further observations and careful treatment of existing data will be needed to confirm a global increase.
– and the relevant equations can be solved for each boundary or each element. It's a numerical solution to a problem that can't be solved analytically.
Weather forecasting and climate are as tough as they come. Anyway, the atmosphere is divided up into a grid and in each grid we need a value for temperature, pressure, humidity and many other variables.
To calculate what the weather will be like over the next week a value needs to be placed into each and every grid. And just one value. If there is no value in the grid the program can't run and there's nowhere to put two values.
This is a simple example where the values represent temperatures in °C as we go up through the atmosphere. The first problem is that there is a missing value. It's not so difficult to see that some formula can be created which will give a realistic value for this missing value. Perhaps the average of all the values surrounding it? Perhaps a similar calculation which includes values further away, but with less weighting.
With some more meteorological knowledge we might develop a more sophisticated algorithm based on the expected physics.
The second problem is that we have an anomaly. Clearly the -50°C is not correct. So there needs to be an algorithm which "fixes" it. Exactly what fix to use presents the problem.
If data becomes sparser then the problems get starker. How do we fill in and correct these values?
It's not at all impossible. It is done with a model. Perhaps we know surface temperature and the typical temperature profile ("lapse rate") through the atmosphere. So the model fills in the blanks with "typical climatology" or "basic physics".
But it is invented data. Not real data.
Even real data is subject to being changed by the model..
There are a number of reanalysis projects. One is the NCEP/NCAR project (NCEP = National Centers for Environmental Prediction, NCAR = National Center for Atmospheric Research).
The basic idea of the reanalysis project is to use a frozen state-of-the-art analysis/forecast system and perform data assimilation using past data, from 1957 to the present (reanalysis).
The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project should be a research quality dataset suitable for many uses, including weather and short-term climate research.
An important question that has repeatedly arisen is how to handle the inevitable changes in the observing system, especially the availability of new satellite data, which will undoubtedly have an impact on the perceived climate of the reanalysis. Basically the choices are a) to select a subset of the observations that remains stable throughout the 40-year period of the reanalysis, or b) to use all the available data at a given time.
Choice a) would lead to an reanalysis with the most stable climate, and choice b) to an analysis that is as accurate as possible throughout the 40 years. With the guidance of the advisory panel, we have chosen b), that is, to make use of the most data available at any given time.
What are the categories of output data?
Humidity is in category B.
Interested people can read Kalnay's paper. Reanalysis products are very handy and widely used. Those with experience usually know what they are playing around with. Newcomers need to pay attention to the warning labels.
A bias changing in time can thus introduce a fictitious trend without being eliminated by the data assimilation system. A fictitious trend can be generated by the introduction of new types of observations such as from satellites and by instrumental and processing changes in general. Fictitious trends could also result from increases in observational coverage since this will affect systematic model errors.
Assume, for example, that the assimilating model has a cold bias in the upper troposphere which is a common error in many general circulation models (GCM). As the number of observations increases the weight of the model in the analysis is reduced and the bias will correspondingly become smaller. This will then result in an artificial warming trend.
Bengtsson and his colleagues analyze tropospheric temperature, IWV and kinetic energy.
ERA-40 does have a positive trend in water vapor, something we will return to. The trend from ERA-40 for 1958-2001 is +0.41 mm/decade, and for 1979-2001 = +0.36 mm/decade. They note that NCEP/NCAR has a negative trend of -0.24 mm/decade from 1958-2001 and -0.06mm/decade for 1979-2001, but it isn't a focus of their study.
They do an analysis which excludes satellite data and find a lower (but still positive) trend for IWV. They also question the magnitudes of tropospheric temperature trends and kinetic energy on similar grounds.
The point is essentially that the new data has created a bias in the reanalysis.
Returning finally to the question in the title of this study an affirmative answer cannot be given, as the indications are that in its present form the ERA40 analyses are not suitable for long-term climate trend calculations.
However, it is believed that there are ways forward as indicated in this study which in the longer term are likely to be successful. The study also stresses the difficulties in detecting long term trends in the atmosphere and major efforts along the lines indicated here are urgently needed.
So, onto Trends and variability in column-integrated atmospheric water vapor by Trenberth, Fasullo & Smith (2005). This paper is well worth reading in full.
For years before 1996, the Ross and Elliott radiosonde dataset is used for validation of European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalyses ERA-40. Only the special sensor microwave imager (SSM/I) dataset from remote sensing systems (RSS) has credible means, variability and trends for the oceans, but it is available only for the post-1988 period.
Major problems are found in the means, variability and trends from 1988 to 2001 for both reanalyses from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the ERA-40 reanalysis over the oceans, and for the NASA water vapor project (NVAP) dataset more generally. NCEP and ERA-40 values are reasonable over land where constrained by radiosondes.
Accordingly, users of these data should take great care in accepting results as real.
Then they consider 1988-2001, the reason being that 1988 was when the SSMI (special sensor microwave imager) data over the oceans became available (more on the satellite data later).
At this point we can see that ERA-40 agrees quite well with SSMI (over the oceans, the only place where SSMI operates), but NCEP/NCAR and another reanalysis product, NVAR, produce flat trends.
Now we will take a look at a very interesting paper: The Mass of the Atmosphere: A Constraint on Global Analyses, Trenberth & Smith (2005). Most readers will probably not be aware of this comparison and so it is of "extra" interest.
The total mass of the atmosphere is in fact a fundamental quantity for all atmospheric sciences. It varies in time because of changing constituents, the most notable of which is water vapor. The total mass is directly related to surface pressure while water vapor mixing ratio is measured independently.
Accordingly, there are two sources of information on the mean annual cycle of the total mass and the associated water vapor mass. One is from measurements of surface pressure over the globe; the other is from the measurements of water vapor in the atmosphere.
The main idea is that other atmospheric mass changes have a "noise level" effect on total mass, whereas water vapor has a significant effect. As measurement of surface pressure is a fundamental meteorological value, measured around the world continuously (or, at least, continually), we can calculate the total mass of the atmosphere with high accuracy. We can also – from measurements of IWV – calculate the total mass of water vapor "independently".
Subtracting water vapor mass from total atmospheric measured mass should give us a constant – the "dry atmospheric pressure". That's the idea. So if we use the surface pressure and the water vapor values from various reanalysis products we might find out some interesting bits of data..
In the top graph we see the annual cycle clearly revealed. The bottom graph is the one that should be constant for each reanalysis. This has water vapor mass removed via the values of water vapor in that reanalysis.
Pre-1973 values show up as being erratic in both NCEP and ERA-40. NCEP values show much more variability post-1979, but neither is perfect.
The focus of the paper is the mass of the atmosphere, but is still recommended reading.
The NCEP trends are more negative than others in most places, although the patterns appear related. Closer examination reveals that the main discrepancies are over the oceans. There is quite good agreement between ERA-40 and NCEP over most land areas except Africa, i.e. in areas where values are controlled by radiosondes.
SSMI has a trend of +0.37 mm/decade.
ERA-40 has a trend of +0.70mm/decade over the oceans.
NCEP has a trend of -0.1mm/decade over the oceans.
As this article is already pretty long, it will be continued in Part Two, which will include Paltridge et al (2009), Dessler & Davis (2010) and some satellite measurements and papers.
There is a new paper on radiosonde homogenization by Dai et al., if you haven't seen it already.
Thanks for highlighting this, I am just taking a good look at it now.
So much for the 1948-1973 part of M2010. It also looks like he would get different results if he used ERA-40 for 1973-2008. As far as determining trend, the full uncertainty in the water vapor content probably doesn't fully propagate either, widening the confidence limits on the trend. I didn't check for serial autocorrelation either, which would also make the confidence limits wider if present.
Hoo-bloody-ray. This is why I like this site.
Will you compare this in the same way to the amount/depth of CO2?
mkelly: If one cooled the atmosphere until it all liquified, the atmosphere would condense to make a layer roughly 10 m thick (assuming a density of about 1 g/cc for liquid air, a reasonable approximation.) The calculation is a relatively simple starting with atmospheric pressure at sea level (ca 100,000 N/m2 or 14.5 psi). The CO2 layer would currently be about 0.04% of 10 m or 4 mm. In condensed form, CO2 and water near the poles are both about the thickness a pane of glass.
When liquids evaporate, they typically increase their volume 1000X at 1 atm. In the case of the atmosphere, expansion is all in the vertical direction. This would make the atmosphere roughly 10 km thick – if it weren't for the fact that the pressure has dropped in half by about 5 km. So half the atmosphere lies below about 5 km, 75% below 10 km, 87% below 15 km, etc.
Thinking about the atmosphere as a 10 m thick layer of liquid that has evaporated and further expanded near the top makes the atmosphere seem more tangible to me.
1. Just as with the discussion over Miscolski, it is not the tau, but the GHE that is significant. By using precipitable water as a metric, one is looking at tau, not the GHE. Precipitable water could conceivably rise while the greenhouse effect of water vapor simultaneously fell. How could this happen? It is the temperature at which water vapor emits to space that is important. As noted, water vapor decreases significantly with height away from the surface. If the increase is near the surface but a decrease or even steady level of humidity occurs above, the GHE wrt water vapor might decrease or remain little changed.
2. An understandable problem with humidity trends from sonde data is the reduction in response times through the history of humidity sensors. But were this the sole cause of the trend, one would expect that effect to diminish over time as sensors have become more up to date. But one sees a continuing decline in humidities through the last decade.
atmosphere." From the above paper.
Water vapor not increasing as predicted.
And the IR absorption coefficient of carbon dioxide is about 30 times larger than for water vapor. Quantity alone is insufficient to draw a conclusion on the size of the effect.
I don't disagree with what you say (I thought it was 25) but it does bring up probability. What is the probability of any one photon chancing upon a CO2 vs H2O.
Did you bother to read the article before you posted? The data graphed is obviously the NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data which is highly questionable prior to 1973 and controversial after 1973.
* SSMI has a trend of +0.37 mm/decade.
* ERA-40 has a trend of +0.70mm/decade over the oceans.
* NCEP has a trend of -0.1mm/decade over the oceans.
Just a point to show that some data can be let say at odds and choice of data and datums then becomes an issue.
Great post SOD. And thanks for the references. I haven't read any of the references yet. May take a while for me, but looking forward to it. Looking forward to the continuation.
Perhaps you think I am trying to make the case that there isn't much water vapor?
If that is the thinking behind the request – no, it is just a handy way of summarizing the total water vapor by geography, given that water vapor is not well-mixed in the atmosphere.
If it's because you think that might demonstrate something important about the relative radiative effects of these gases in the atmosphere, it doesn't. The equations of radiative transfer are very non-linear, and the absorption coefficients of water vapor and CO2 are not equal.
Still, many people who have no understanding of the equations of radiative transfer, or the spectroscopic values measured for these two gases, do frequently point out the relative concentrations of CO2 and water vapor.
There is a lot lot more water vapor than CO2 in the atmosphere. So much more in fact that if radiative effect was linearly proportional to concentration then water vapor would be >95% of the "greenhouse" effect.
People who point out the relative concentration with an air of QED have demonstrated their flawed understanding of this subject.
Unless they go to overturn many decades of research. But in that case, there would be a little more substance to the argument and the relative concentrations would be brought up at the end where the NEW equations were applied to demonstrate the tiny effect of CO2..
The request is that in all the reading on your blog, which by the way I enjoy tremendously, I never found that you put forth the amount of CO2 in that way. If both are GHG's then to be fair in the representation I thought a similar representation ought to be layed out. That is all.
In Water Vapor Trends – Part Two I have also commented on the blog article as well as explained what I think is the issue with Paltridge et al 2009.
Sure there are vast numbers of radiosonde soundings, but the vast majority are land based. ERA-40 for land is in relatively good agreement with land based radiosondes. That means that it is likely that the discrepancy in humidity trends over the ocean between NCEP and ERA-40 represents a systematic bias in NCEP data. Given the noise in the mass of the dry atmosphere before 1973, I don't have confidence in any trend calculated from pre-1980 data.
What is the probability of any one photon chancing upon a CO2 vs H2O.
What's the wavelength of the photon? The IR photon mean free path at the surface varies from cm to km depending on the wavelength. It's not the probability of the encounter that's important, it's the probability of interaction, which is also wavelength dependent.
Agreed. I have never seen a probability chart showing H2O vs CO2 for all the wavelengths of both absorbing spectrums. i would think it varies land vs ocean vs latitude.
A general comment re. 'water vapor positive feedback'. I in no way wish to denigrate the amazing work being done to analyze the detailed physics of the chaotic atmosphere but still assert that: Regardless of the spatial and temporal variations of water vapor's effect in the atmosphere, (the 10u IR window aside) water vapor is the only mechanism by which the other 75 % of earth cooling is implemented. As such it is the only mechanism for cooling response to any warming (positive forcing) which will generate additional water vaporization. Cooling response to warming is the definition of negative feedback.
Are we to believe that increased water vapor response to any positive forcing even with a local positive water vapor feedback loop at the surface can have any other net effect on climate than negative feedback? In control systems terms; the net 'authority' of water vapor cooling is ~120 watts/m^2. Authority of other atmospheric physical processes and elements, 0.
If there is a 'greenhouse' effect from CO2 in the upper troposphere is not the issue here. Merely that any forced warming from any source will result in increased water vaporization which being the only cooling mechanism the planet has will increase cooling until the warming is balanced. This does not preclude delays in responses but is demanded by steady state average energy balance.
The only cooling mechanism the planet has is radiation. Vacuum doesn't conduct heat by any other means. If you mean the surface instead of the planet, you're still wrong. Latent heat transfer from the surface to the atmosphere amounts to about 85W/m². This can be calculated to a first approximation by the total annual rainfall and the heat of evaporation of water. Meanwhile, the surface radiates approximately 400W/m² to the atmosphere and directly to space.
If you look at net transfer, latent heat transfer is about half the total of ~166W/m². Sensible heat transfer is another 15W/m² and the rest is radiation.
I explain about "cooling to space" in The Atmosphere Cools to Space by CO2 and Water Vapor, so More GHGs, More Cooling!.
Basically, most of the radiation to space from the climate system is emitted from the atmosphere.
More GHGs means more radiation to space from the atmosphere than the surface – that is, more surface radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere. And then re-emitted to space.
However, the atmosphere is colder than the surface so the radiation to space is reduced.
Less radiation to space = heating the climate system.
Regions with high humidity emit less radiation to space than regions with low humidity. That is for regions at the same temperature. More water vapor = less radiation to space.
on July 1, 2016 at 6:38 am | Reply Water Vapor Trends | The Science of Doom | SMIPP Ltd.