text:
Annual (late May or early June)
Washington, D.C. area
Inaugurated
Patron(s)
The E. W. Scripps Company
www.spellingbee.com
The Scripps National Spelling Bee (formerly the Scripps Howard National Spelling Bee and commonly called the National Spelling Bee) is an annual spelling bee held in the United States. The bee is run on a not-for-profit basis by The E. W. Scripps Company and is held at a hotel or convention center in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area during the week following Memorial Day weekend. Since 2011, it has been held at the Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center hotel in National Harbor in Oxon Hill, Maryland, just outside Washington D.C. It was previously held at the Grand Hyatt Washington in Washington D.C. from 1996 to 2010.
Although most of its participants are from the U.S., students from countries such as The Bahamas, Canada, the People's Republic of China, India, Ghana, Japan, Jamaica, Mexico, and New Zealand have also competed in recent years. Historically, the competition has been open to, and remains open to, the winners of sponsored regional spelling bees in the U.S. (including territories such as Guam, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, the Navajo Nation, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, along with overseas military bases in Germany and South Korea). Participants from countries other than the U.S. must be regional spelling-bee winners as well.
Contest participants cannot be older than fourteen as of August 31 of the year before the competition; nor can they be past the eighth grade as of February 1 of that year's competition. Previous winners are also ineligible to compete.[1]
In 2019, the Spelling Bee ran out of words that might challenge the contestants and ended up having 8 winners. The 2020 National Spelling Bee competition, originally scheduled for May 24, was suspended and later canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[2][3][4] This was the first time it had been canceled since 1945.[5]
A Jamaican contestant from 2011
The National Spelling Bee was formed in 1925 as a consolidation of numerous local spelling bees, organized by The Courier-Journal in Louisville, Kentucky. Frank Neuhauser won the first National Spelling Bee held that year, by successfully spelling "gladiolus".[6][7] the spelling bee has been held every year except for 1943–1945 due to World War II and 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[3] The E.W. Scripps Company acquired the rights to the program in 1941.[8] The Bee is held in late May and/or early June of each year. It is open to students who have not yet completed the eighth grade, reached their 15th birthday, nor won a previous National Spelling Bee. Its goal is educational: not only to encourage children to perfect the art of spelling, but also to help enlarge their vocabularies and widen their knowledge of the English language.
The Bee is the nation's largest and longest-running educational promotion, administered on a not-for-profit basis by The E.W. Scripps Company and 291 sponsors in the United States, Europe, Canada, New Zealand, Guam, Jamaica, The Bahamas, Ghana, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and American Samoa.
This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (June 2022)
Qualifying regional competitions
To qualify for the Scripps National Spelling Bee, a speller must win a regional competition. Regional spelling bees usually cover many counties, with some covering an entire state, U.S. territory, or foreign country. Regional competitions' rules are not required to correspond exactly to those of the national competition; most notably, the national competition has since 2004 featured time controls that are designed to ensure its conformity to the programming schedule of its nationwide television broadcaster (see Regulations of oral rounds below) and that are not intended to be implemented at lower levels of competition.
Most school and regional bees (known to Scripps as local spelling bees) use the official study booklet. Through competition year 1994, the study booklet was known as Words of the Champions; during competition years 1995 through 2006, the study booklet was the category-based Paideia; in 2007 the format and title were changed to the 701-word Spell It!, and in 2020 a new edition of Words of the Champions is used. The booklet is published by Merriam-Webster in association with the National Spelling Bee. It contains 1,155 words, divided primarily by language of origin, along with exercises and activities in each section. Most bees whose winners advance to regional-level competition use the School Pronouncer's Guide, which contains a collection of Words of the Champions words as well as "off-list words" not listed in Words of the Champions but featured in Scripps' official dictionary, the unabridged Webster's Third New International Dictionary (published by Merriam-Webster).[citation needed]
Scripps provides a Sponsor Bee Guide to administrators of regional bees. The Sponsor Bee Guide consists of two volumes, each of which contains both words from Words of the Champions and "surprise words". Bees need not use the words from Words of the Champions to be considered official.
To participate in the national competition, a speller must be sponsored. Scripps has 281 sponsors (mostly newspapers) from the U.S., Canada, The Bahamas, New Zealand, Asia, and Europe covering a certain area and conducting their own regional spelling bees to send spellers to the national level.
Sponsorship is available on a limited basis to daily and weekly newspapers serving English-speaking populations around the world. Each sponsor organizes a spelling bee program in its community with the cooperation of area school officials: public, private, parochial, charter, virtual, and home schools.
Schools enroll with the national office to ensure their students are eligible to participate and to receive the materials needed to conduct classroom and school bees. During enrollment, school bee coordinators receive their local sponsor's program-specific information—local dates, deadlines, and participation guidelines.
National-competition format
The Preliminaries consists of a test (Preliminaries Test) delivered by computer on Tuesday and two rounds of oral spelling onstage on Wednesday. Spellers may earn up to 36 points during the Preliminaries: up to 30 points on the Preliminaries Test, three points for correctly spelling in Round Two and three points for correctly spelling in Round Three.
The Preliminaries Test (also called round one) has four sections, most of which administered by a computer system. Round One of the preliminaries consists of two sections; Section A consists of spelling 24 words, identical for each contestant, while Section B contains 24 multiple-choice vocabulary questions; only 12 questions in each section are actually scored, awarding one point each. Section C and D, preliminary rounds two and three, each consist of a single multiple-choice vocabulary question unique to every contestant and worth three points. A contestant can score up to 30 points in this round.[9]
History of Round One
Round One was a written spelling test, and has changed in format several times. In the few years prior to 2008, Round One consisted of a 25-word, multiple-choice written test. However, in 2010, changes were made in the formatting of this test. It consisted of 25 words, sometimes called "the written round". All spellers gathered at the Maryland Ballroom by 8:00 a.m. Jacques Bailly, the Bee's official pronouncer (also the 1980 champion) pronounced each word, its language of origin, definition, and usage in a sentence. Spellers are given a 30-second pause in which to write down their word with the two pens given to them, and then Bailly repeated the word and all information. There was another 30-second pause, and then they moved onto the next word. Each correctly spelled word on the Round One written test was worth one point. In 2011, they stayed with that format. In 2012, they changed to the original computerized test, 50 spelling words, half scored and half not scored.
Beginning in 2013, the test now includes vocabulary questions, such as being asked to choose the correct definition for a word. While met with criticism by past contestants for deviating from the concept of a spelling bee, organizers indicated that the change was made to help avert perceptions that the competition was based solely on memorization skills (as had been showcased by television broadcasts), and to help further the Bee's goal of expanding the vocabulary and language skills of children.[10]
Round Two is an oral round, in which each contestant must spell a different word from the "Words of the Champions" list as specified by the judges. A correct spelling awards three points, while a miss eliminates the contestant. In the latter case, the judges give the correct spelling. All contestants eliminated in this round tie for the same place in the final rankings.
Round Three
Round Three follows the same format as Round Two, but each contestant's word is chosen from the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. After this round, the remaining contestants' total scores are used to determine the semifinalists.
Round Four was recently changed in 2016.[11] Scripps recently dropped the semi-finals test and added a Tiebreaker Test[12] (however, it was only used in 2017 and 2018), in which the spellers took a test similar to the preliminaries test, but containing harder and confusing words. As a result, there was controversy and Scripps dropped the Tiebreaker Test in 2019, in which eight co-champions won. Round Four is now oral and the start of the finals, in which no more than 50 spellers compete. There is no study list for this round and the rest of the finals.
At the end of the semifinals, the remaining spellers thin out into 10-16 and all the remaining spellers are invited to spell in the finals. This can go on until the word list is exhausted and the judges move on to the 25 championship rounds until a champion, or a group of joint champions, is crowned.
A rule added in 2021 provided that in case of the competition running overly long, the remaining spellers would compete in a "Spell-off," in which each speller is given the same list of words and 90 seconds to spell as many words as possible; each speller is sequestered until it is their turn to compete. Unlike in regular competition, the definition, language of origin, and part of speech of each word is displayed on a monitor. The speller is allowed to ask questions of the pronouncer, however, they are using their own time to do so. The winner would be the speller that spelled the most words correctly within their 90 seconds (words not completed within the time do not count towards the tally); in case of a tie, the speller with fewer incorrect spellings would win. The Spell-off was retained for, and first used in, the 2022 competition.
Regulations of oral rounds
Before 2004, a speller could not be required to spell a given word until the judges deemed that the word had been clearly pronounced and identified by the speller; even then, judges rarely if ever instructed a contestant to begin spelling unless it was obvious that the speller was making no further progress in figuring out the word and that he/she was instead simply "stalling for time". Most local and regional competitions continue to follow this rule and enforcement pattern, although they are not obliged to do so.
Starting in 2004, the Bee adopted new rules. A speller is given two and a half minutes from when a word is first pronounced to spell it completely. The first two minutes are Regular Time; the final thirty seconds are Finish Time. During this time limit, a speller is allowed to ask the pronouncer for the word's:
Use in a sentence
Language(s) of origin (the complete etymology of the word is not provided)
Alternate pronunciations
Root (A speller may ask whether a word comes from a particular root word or word element, but the competitor must specify that root's language of origin and definition.)
Repeat the word
A chime signals that regular time has expired, and the judges inform the speller that Finish Time has begun. The speller may watch a clock counting down from thirty seconds; no timing devices are allowed onstage. During Finish Time, a speller may not make further requests to the pronouncer but rather must begin spelling the word. Any speller who exceeds the time limit is automatically eliminated; judges do not acknowledge letters spelled after the end of Finish Time. A speller is allowed to stop spelling a word and restart spelling, but if (s)he changes the letters already said, the alteration counts as a misspelling and causes automatic elimination.
Starting in the 2015 bee, the time limit was reduced to two minutes, indicated by a monitor with a traffic light on it. For the first 75 seconds, the traffic light is green. Once 45 seconds remain, the light turns yellow and a countdown appears on the screen. While the light is green or yellow, the speller is free to request information from the pronouncer as listed above. Once 30 seconds remain, the light turns red and the speller must begin spelling the word as in Finish Time above.
Recent spelling bees
Year Competition details
2013 86th Competition
2018 91st Competition
2019 92nd Competition
2020 canceled[3]
2021 93rd Competition
Proposed international bee
In May 2012, Scripps announced tentative plans for an international version, in which three-person teams from as many as sixty countries would compete. Although each speller would be able to confer with teammates once during each contest, all spellers would eventually compete and win prizes as individuals. If logistical and financial details can be reached, the event would be officially announced in early 2013 with the first competition to take place the following December.[13][14] As of 2015, these plans are on hold.
Champions and winning words
Main article: List of Scripps National Spelling Bee champions
As of the 2019 competition, the first place prize was raised from $40,000 to $50,000, and in the event of a tie, the two winners will split the first and second place ($25,000) awards ($37,500 each).[15]
The winner also receives other prizes, such as an engraved loving cup trophy from Scripps, a $2,500 savings bond, a reference library from Merriam-Webster, $400 in reference works and a lifetime membership to Britannica Online Premium from Encyclopædia Britannica, and an online course and a Nook eReader from K12 Inc.
All spellers receive Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged on CD-ROM from Merriam-Webster; the Samuel Louis Sugarman Award, which is a $100 U.S. Savings Bond; a cash prize from Scripps for contestants who reach the Semi-finals; and as of 2015, a Microsoft Surface 3 with keyboard and stylus. The cash prizes are determined based on the round, and can be as much as $12,500 (for the second-place finisher). In 2014, spellers eliminated before the Semi-finals began receiving educational tools from Microsoft instead of a $100 cash prize given in years past. All other prizes remained unchanged.
Historical format and prizes
For the first three decades of the bee (1925–1957), the spelling competition was held on a single day. This presented no problem in the Bee's early years, which had only nine contestants in 1925, and did not crack 50 contestants before 1950. After the 1957 bee took almost 10 hours to complete (the second-ever tie after the word list was exhausted),[16] the bee moved to a two-day format in 1958.[17] As the number of contestants continued to increase (first breaking 100 in 1978), an opening practice round was eliminated at the 1987 bee due to a record 185 entrants.[18]
After a three-day bee was held for the first time in 2001, a written test was added for the first time in 2002 to help keep the bee to two days of competition. In 2002 and 2003, a 25-word written test was given after an opening oral round.[19]
For most of its early years, the first place prize was either $500 or $1000. It was $500 in gold pieces in the first bee in 1925,[20] and doubled to $1000 the next year.[21] It dropped back to $500 in the 1933 bee during the Great Depression,[22] and only returned to $1000 in 1956.[23] In 1987, the first place prize was raised to $1,500, and all spellers after reaching 10th place received $50.[18] By 1993 it was $5,000.[24] In 2007, the prize was $50,000 in cash, but in 2009, the prize dropped to $35,000 in cash and more than $5,000 in prizes. In 2012, the prize dropped yet again to $30,000 in cash and just over $10,000 in prizes, savings bonds, and scholarships. In 2015, the prize increased to $38,600 in cash, and increased again in 2016 to $40,000 cash prize, where it stayed the same until 2018, when the prize was increased to $50,000 cash, which was equivalent to the cash prize eleven years before.
CNN was one of the first television channels to carry coverage of the Scripps National Spelling Bee, with personalities including Anderson Cooper and 1979 champion Katie McCrimmon. Scripps CEO Rich Boehne described its coverage as having been "very hit or miss", explaining that "I'd sit and watch and see a little snippet of some coverage and then somebody would cut out and go somewhere else." Boehne began to contemplate how the event could be presented for television in a manner that would be more compelling to viewers.[25] In 1994, Scripps began an agreement with ESPN to broadcast coverage of the national finals; the network added a larger focus on analysis and profiles on the competitors.[25] The broadcasts were credited with having brought greater prominence to the event.[26] ESPN would later expand its coverage to encompass the early rounds of the competition as well,[27][28] and added features such as a "play-along" broadcast on its streaming platforms.[25]
In May 2006, it was announced that the finals of the Scripps National Spelling Bee would be moved to primetime on ESPN's sister broadcast network ABC, with Robin Roberts of ESPN and Good Morning America serving as host. ABC executives positioned the primetime broadcast as a form of reality television, while the move came on the heels of the release of Akeelah and the Bee—a drama film based on the event.[26][27] By 2013, the ABC broadcast had been dropped, with the finals returning exclusively to ESPN.[28]
In October 2021, Scripps announced that the event's broadcast would move to its co-owned broadcast television networks Bounce TV and Ion Television beginning in 2022; the company promoted that the event would be "accessible to the widest audience in its nearly 100-year history".[27]
In popular culture
The drama film Bee Season (2005), based on Myla Goldberg's novel of the same name, follows a young girl's journey through various levels of spelling-bee competition to the Scripps National Spelling Bee, as did the drama film Akeelah and the Bee (2006).[29][30]
The 2nd episode of season 1 of Psych, "Spellingg Bee", dealt with a murder during a Spelling Bee event.
Contestants in the musical-comedy play The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee, which ran on Broadway starting in 2005, are competing for a spot in the National Spelling Bee.[31]
The 2013 film Bad Words revolves around a forty-year-old eighth grade dropout (Jason Bateman) attempting to win a fictional equivalent of the SNSB.[32]
The Netflix documentary Spelling the Dream (2020) chronicles the ups and downs of four Indian-American students as they compete to realize their dream of winning the iconic Scripps National Spelling Bee.
The Academy Award-nominated documentary film Spellbound (2002) follows eight competitors, including eventual national winner Nupur Lala, through the 1999 competition.
The book American Bee, by James Maguire, profiles five spellers who made it to the final rounds of the competition – Samir Patel, Katharine Close, Aliya Deri, Jamie Ding, and Marshall Winchester – as well as giving an overview of the history of the bee.[33]
Multiple episodes of the ESPN Classic show Cheap Seats featured the hosts revisiting broadcasts of the Bee from the 1990s.
^ Staff (n.d.). "Eligibility". Scripps National Spelling Bee. Retrieved May 29, 2014.
^ "National Spelling Bee called off because of coronavirus". Education Week. The Associated Press. March 20, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2020.
^ a b c Nuckols, Ben (April 21, 2020). "How do you spell 'disappointment'? National Spelling Bee canceled for first time since World War II". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on April 21, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
^ Miller, Valerie (April 21, 2020). "SCRIPPS NATIONAL SPELLING BEE CANCELS 2020 NATIONAL FINALS" (Press release). Cincinnati, Ohio: The E.W. Scripps Company. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
^ Gleeson, Scott. "Scripps National Spelling Bee canceled for first time since 1945". USA TODAY. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
^ Fox, Margalit (March 22, 2011). "Frank Neuhauser, a Speller's Speller, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
^ Brown, Emma (March 21, 2011). "Frank Neuhauser, Winner of First National Spelling Bee, Dies at 97". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 3, 2011.
^ "Scripps National Spelling Bee - About". Facebook. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
^ http://internal.spellingbee.com/files/spellingbee.com/784_2156_2013%20SNSB%20Rules_Final.pdf[bare URL PDF]
^ "At this year's spelling bee, make way for meaning". Boston Globe. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
^ "Homepage | Scripps National Spelling Bee". secure.spellingbee.com. Retrieved June 12, 2019.
^ "National Spelling Bee ditches unpopular tiebreaker test". Associated Press. May 1, 2019. Retrieved June 12, 2019.
^ "A new spelling bee for the world". Archived from the original on November 30, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
^ Hickerson, Micheal (May 29, 2012). "Scripps exploring creation of international spelling bee" (PDF). Retrieved December 12, 2012.
^ Nuckols, Ben (May 1, 2019). "National Spelling Bee ditches its tiebreaker". The Columbian. Associated Press. Retrieved May 2, 2019.
^ Williams, Joseph J. (8 June 1957). Karen Minsinger Places 23rd In Bee; Two Girls Tie for First, Pittsburgh Press
^ Twenty Remain Undefeated in Bee, Gettysburg Times (Associated Press)
^ a b (28 May 1987). 2-Day Forecast: Capital In For A Spell of Spelling, Toledo Blade
^ Phinney, David (20 May 2002). Maine girl heads for spelling bee finals, Bangor Daily News
^ Brown, Emma (March 23, 2011). "Frank Neuhauser dies at 97". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 13, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2013.
^ (18 June 1926). Louisville Girl Awarded Prize in Spelling Contest, St. Petersburg Times
^ (30 May 1933). Paper's National Spelling Bee Won By Akron Girl, 12, Schenectady Gazette
^ (11 May 1956). 63 Young Champions Entered In National Spelling Contest, Wilmington Star-News
^ Cass, Connie (3 June 1993). Spelling bee field narrows to 19, Associated Press
^ a b c Gaillot, Ann-Derrick. "How spelling became an ESPN sport". The Outline. Retrieved October 13, 2021.
^ a b "Bee spells reality for ABC". Los Angeles Times. May 30, 2006. Retrieved October 13, 2021. ((cite web)): CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ a b c Hayes, Dade (October 13, 2021). "Scripps National Spelling Bee Shifts From ESPN To Ion & Bounce". Deadline. Retrieved October 13, 2021. ((cite web)): CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ a b Steinmetz, Katy (May 31, 2013). "What You Missed While Not Watching the National Spelling Bee Finals". Time. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
^ Mcnamara, Melissa (May 3, 2006). "ABC Hopes Bee Spells Success". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
^ Stein, Ruthe (April 28, 2016). "Sweetly entertaining 'Bee' takes fresh approach to spelling it out". SFGate. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
^ Morphy, Marcia (July 17, 2014). "Review: 'Spelling Bee' is quirky – and fun". Rochester Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
^ Dargis, Manohla (March 13, 2014). "Jason Bateman Stars In and Directs 'Bad Words'". The New York Times. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
^ Bruno, Debra (May 28, 2006). "Word Nerds: Superbright Youngsters Who Vie To Make the Best-Speller List". Chicago Sun Times.
Gormley, Amelia. Verbomania: Experiencing the National Spelling Bee.
Maguire, James. American Bee: The National Spelling Bee and the Culture of Word Nerds.
Kimble, Paige, Trinkle, Barrie, and Andrews, Carolyn. "How To Spell Like A Champ".
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scripps National Spelling Bee.
SpellingBee.com, the competition's official website
2008 Spelling Bee Press Release
Final rounds of 2006 Scripps National Spelling Bee to be broadcast live on ABC during primetime (press release)
Scripps National Spelling Bee Competitions
1925 (1st)
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Scripps National Spelling Bee champions
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text:
Crime | March 24, 2013
10 Terrorist Organizations Operating In The US
by Andrew Fitzgerald
Since the attacks on September 11th, global initiatives to stop terrorism have taken place around the globe, most notably in the Middle East. With so much attention focused on one particular area, it is easy to forget that their are domestic terrorist groups in our own back yard. Unlike foreign terrorist organizations, these criminals do not need to attempt a risky border crossing; they're already here. Despite their lack of publicity, these homegrown organizations do cause internal problems, more regularly than many would believe.
While not an officially designated terrorist organization, the FBI is investigating the recently formed movement in such a manner. Members of OWS were appalled by the label, claiming they are a peaceful movement. While not nearly as violent as others on this list, the members of Occupy Wall Street are far from peaceful. Millions of dollars worth of property has been destroyed by the organization, including a fire in Fort Collins that damaged numerous homes and condominiums. Reports of assaults, rapes, rampant drug use, and murders emerge from nearly every Occupy Wall Street gathering, along with a lengthy list of property crimes, including stealing and vandalism. At numerous gatherings, self appointed leaders have urged all who listen to lead a violent campaign towards economic freedom, while others have chanted for the execution of former President George W. Bush. Peaceful Organization? Far from it.
Phineas Priesthood
The Phineas Priesthood is a Christian based terrorist organization that uses violence to promote its many hateful messages. Despite their supposed Christian roots, the Priesthood preaches hate to virtually everyone that is different from them. They protest interracial relationships, homosexuality, abortion, Judaism, multiculturalism, and taxation. They desire a Christian-only nation composed solely of whites. Members of the Priesthood have carried out attacks on abortion clinics and doctors in the past, and are labeled as a terrorist organization by the FBI.
Jewish Defense League
Another religious group using violence to promote its message, the Jewish Defense League states that it will stop at nothing to end antisemitism, while in the same breath criticizing acts of terrorism. The JDL was established in 1968, and gained notoriety for its harsh criticism of the Soviet Union. At its peak, the JDL had 15,000 members willing to fight for their cause. A 2004 FBI investigation noted at least 15 terrorist attacks were committed by the JDL in the 1980s alone. In 2001, the leader of the JDL, Irv Rubin, was arrested and charged with plotting to blow up a mosque in Los Angeles. In their desire to end terrorism, oppression, and poverty, the Jewish Defense League has turned into the type of organization they originally planned to fight against.
While prominent in the United States, this organization has cells in countries all throughout the Western world. "The Elves" as they call themselves utilize guerrilla warfare tactics in an attempt to halt the destruction of our ecosystem. These tactics include destroying expensive and important infrastructure, including power lines and businesses. Attacks in the United States often involve the use of fire; they've burnt down ski resorts, logging camps, and Park Ranger offices. They've also attacked numerous fast food locations, most notably McDonald's. In their infinite wisdom, the Elves destroyed a laboratory at Michigan State University, claiming that the laboratory was being used to create genetically modified organisms funded by Monsanto, a large GMO company. In truth, Monsanto donated a meager 2000 USD to send 5 African students to a conference on biotechnology. Despite the obvious mistake, the Elves maintain that what they did was justified.
Army of God
Much like the Phineas Priesthood, this terrorist organization spins religious texts to harm others. They often use violence to combat abortion and homosexual activity, as seen in their attacks on gay night clubs and abortion clinics. Their most notorious member, Eric Rudolph, planted a bomb at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, killing two people and injuring 150. In 2005, Rudolph explained, without remorse, that the bombing was a necessary action, carried out to criticize the government for its, "abortion on demand" viewpoints. Rudolph has also confessed to the bombings of two abortion clinics and one gay nightclub.
Animal Liberation Front
The Animal Liberation Front, or ALF for short, views itself as a modern day underground railroad for all creatures. Their attacks involve freeing animals from laboratories, farms, and factories. They claim to be non-violent, and compare their actions to someone destroying gas chambers during the holocaust. In truth, these terrorists are causing millions of dollars worth of damage to innocent farmers and scientists, all while harming the animals they are attempting to save. Many of the animals they release simply cannot survive in the wild without proper care, and as such are left to die. Despite one's ideological views, animal testing is an important step in health care, specifically in the development of new treatment methods for diseases. Often times these attacks disrupt this process, preventing the introduction of these treatments and costing these companies, and consumers, countless dollars.
Black Liberation Army
The Black Liberation Army was founded in 1970, in an attempt to promote equal rights for African Americans through violence. While its strength has since diminished greatly, the now-splintered BLA still has a number of followers that adhere to this original belief system. During its heyday, the Black Liberation Army carried out brazen crimes, including bank robberies and the murders of at least 13 police officers. Their most notorious escapade involved the hijacking of a Delta airlines flight in 1972, demanding 1 million USD in ransom before diverting the flight to Algeria. While their goal is apparent, it is unclear as to how they believe their criminal actions will benefit African Americans and the United States as a whole.
Sovereign Citizens
This recently formed group follows a strange set of beliefs that promote violence and anarchism amongst the populace. Sovereign Citizens believe that, although they reside in the United States, they are sovereign from the government. With such a mindset, they believe they do not need to pay taxes, acknowledge law enforcement officers, and, most alarmingly, abide by any government laws. In an attempt to "get back" at the government that oppresses them, they file thousands of frivolous cases a month, in an attempt to clog the court system. They threaten judges and politicians that they think will threaten their way of life. In some circumstances, Sovereign Citizens have shot at and killed law enforcement officers who have stopped them for minor violations, such as speeding. These people are truly frightening, and have no respect for any form of authority.
The Crips
Founded in the 1970s in Los Angeles, the Crips gang was originally formed to protect the neighborhood from outside threats. Since their inception, the Crips have grown to over 30,000 members across the United States, and at military bases around the world. They hold no definite belief system and no agenda; they act only out of need and impulse, with no regard for anyone else. Murder is commonly used to scare both the public and rival gangs. The Crips are also to blame for the widespread use of PCP, Crack Cocaine, and amphetamines in the United States, as they are one of the top distributors in the world. The FBI acknowledges the Crips as ruthless and unpredictable, and their deadly ways continue over 40 years after their creation.
The Klu Klux Klan
10 Despicably Hateful Organizations Currently…
10 Patriots And Heroes Who Stepped Up During…
10 Dark Origins Of Beloved Organizations
10 Suspicious And Unsettling Staircase Deaths
10 People Who Were Executed And Lived To Tell The Tale
10 Wrongful Convictions Based On False Confessions
10 Bloody Wedding Brawls
10 Impossible Heists Pulled Off By Real Thieves
Top 10 Current FBI's Most Wanted

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Justice requires that Osama bin Laden pay. And realpolitik requires it too. What sort of message does it send for a Republican presidential candidate to say that it's fine if a man who kills 3000 Americans dies in his bed?
Quote Of The Day | TPMCafe: By Eric Kleefeld: "It's not worth moving heaven and earth spending billions of dollars just trying to catch one person." — Mitt Romney, in an interview with the Associated Press, saying that the country's safety would not benefit significantly from catching Osama Bin Laden. This quote was buried in the AP article.


Initial read through of DEATH INCEPTION is 60% final and my handy-dandy editor will receive INCEPTION next week.
I begin work on book two of the Blood Series, BLOOD SONG after May 18th. Look for excerpts/blurb/cover reveal coming soon!


A tweet from the Kansas Department of Transportation on Sunday called President Trump a "delusional communist" and apparently cost the unknown worker a job.
"You're a delusional Communist. You know it's Communist countries that try to control media, right?" the tweet from the DOT's south central account read. The tweet remained up until about 3:50 p.m. The tweet was in response to Trump's earlier tweet that criticized Fox News anchors, The Wichita Eagle reported.
The agency announced on Twitter that the tweet was deleted and does not reflect the views of the agency. "The person who sent the tweet is no longer an employee of KDOT," the tweet read.
The Kansas Republican Party sent out a statement questioning Democratic Governor Laura Kelly's possible influence in the agency.
"Governor Kelly campaigned on bipartisanship but she refuses to negotiate with Republicans in the legislature, and her staff is too busy attacking President Trump on the Kansas taxpayer's dime," their statement read.


text:
Q: Unable to encode or decode the string properly I tried to look at bunch of stackoverflow examples.
Python version used: Python 2.7.10
Output of the string s looked like
u'bh\xfcghi' where \xfc=ü

I am reading this from a webpage.
After I encode the string via .encode('utf-8'), it looks like
'bh\xc3\xbcghi' where \xc3\xbc=ü

Expected Output should be:
bhüghi

I even tried to decode/encode(latin-1), decode(utf-8).
After  nfn neil comment I tried the following again:
elem.text output:
('elem text:', u'bh\xfcghi\nMCI\n8 90 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 26 41.4 18.5 89 14.9')

elem text type:
('elem text type:', <type 'unicode'>)

Now, I am trying to print it:
splitString = elem.text.encode('utf-8').decode("utf-8").split()
print("splitString: ", splitString[0])

SplitString[0] output:
u'bh\xfcghi'

Now if I print the whole string after split:
print("splitString: ", splitString)

SplitString output:
[u'bh\xfcghi', u'MCI', u'8', u'90', u'1', u'0', u'0', u'2', u'0', u'0', u'0', u'0', u'0', u'0', u'2', u'26', u'41.4', u'18.5', u'89', u'14.9']

Full code is in pastebin:
Here's A link
Any help will be appreciated.

A: s = u'bh\xfcghi\nMCI\n8 90 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 26 41.4 18.5 89 14.9'
s = s.encode('utf-8')
xs = s.split(' ')
print(xs[0])

Output:
bhüghi
MCI
8

Try it; it works. The reason you don't get your 'expected' output when just typing it at a terminal, is that Python uses \x escape codes when you don't use print.

A: I got it working by using unicodedata library:
splitString = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD',
elem.text).encode('ascii','ignore').split()

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text:
Published on April 7th, 2019 | by James Drew
Pieter Bruegel exhibition comes to Belgium
Are you a fan of Pieter Bruegel, the famous Flemish artist? If so, a new exhibition at a Belgian open air museum will be just for you. 2019 marks the 450th anniversary of Pieter Bruegel the Elder's death and to mark the occasion, the Bokrijk open-air Museum near Genk is organizing an international exhibition entitled "The World of Bruegel" in collaboration with Toerisme Vlaanderen, writes Martin Banks.
The location is particularly apt as the museum's first curator, Dr. Jozef Weyns, was inspired by Bruegel a long time before the museum actually opened in 1958.
In fact, his fascination with the painter went to such a point that he proposed to call Bokrijk 'Bruegelheem' instead.
This is according to one of his memos dated April 20 1956 to the museum committee.
This fascination for all things Bruegel can be seen today in the setting, landscape and two historical buildings at the museum. For example, at that time the Vorselaar house-barn-stable was deliberately designed to replicate a sixteenth century farmstead that is discernible on many of Bruegel's works.
The Oil Mill from Ellikom (Oudsbergen) originally stood in the vicinity of the 'Ooievaarsnest' (Stork's nest) in Peer, Limburg, which might possibly have been Bruegel's birthplace.
That was just one of the reasons why Weyns – in his foresight – acquired the watermill and had it moved to Bokrijk.
Igor Philtjens, Regional Minister of Limburg and President of Het Domein Bokrijk, told this website, "Despite not possessing any paintings by Pieter Bruegel, Bokrijk does however have a plethora of buildings and objects in its collection that appear to jump straight out of his works".
He says that visitors to the exhibition, which opens on 6 April and runs until the autumn, will enjoy "true-to-life experiences" of the Bruegel landscapes and tableaux.
He added: "It's like you're stepping into one of Bruegel's paintings, and discovering how topical his work still is. As such, today's world is reflected back at you."
As part of the expo, a painting known as The Battle between Carnival and Lent is innovatively interpreted by means of a scintillating Bruegel exhibition route.
'The World of Bruegel' presents a contemporary experience of the customs, standards and habits that prevailed towards the middle of the sixteenth century.
Philtjens added: "By adopting this approach, Bokrijk is continuing on the path initiated in 2015: the story of everyday life; yesterday, today and tomorrow. The museum's 'Branded by Bokrijk' project concerning craftsmanship, that takes today's daily life as its starting point to look back at the past and forward to the future in a similar way."
The Bruegel "exhibition route" leads the visitors through the museum past 11 spots where the connection with Bruegel is probably seen at its best.
A museum spokesman said: "The renowned 1559 painting The Fight between Carnival and Lent is the leitmotiv. In his works, Bruegel introduced an intransigent interpretation of society, politics and religion; like no other he possessed the talent to capture normal people and all their peculiarities.
"Who was Pieter Bruegel the Elder? What does his work tell us about daily life in the sixteenth century, and how can this be translated into today's world?
"Well, the relevance of his work becomes evident at the end of the exhibition route. The final part in the barn from Zuienkerke gives visitors the chance for a little introspection and reflection. You literally step into 'The Battle between Carnival and Lent' to become one of its protagonists. State-of-the-art technology enhances the whole experience."
The exhibition can also be experienced in a playful manner as you can seek out the objects from the painting using 'augmented reality' – ideal for those enjoying a day out with the kids.
Over the summer (from 11 July to 1 September) the Laika – Theatre of Senses, a theatre company will give special Bruegel performance twice a day (three times a day on weekends).
Specially-adapted programmes are available for schools and groups.
Bokrijk itself focuses on the daily lives of people in the past, present and future: living, working,relaxing, enjoying life. Bruegel's paintings, too, give pride of place to average people and all their peculiarities. Those contemplating Bruegel's works recognize how the painter merged a range of landscapes and impressions into a single, commanding composition.
The museum boasts a unique collection of more than 120 historical buildings and a plethora of objects derived from various Flemish regions and eras.
It is well worth a visit at any time of the year, but especially so for the Bruegel expo.
Further info here.


text:
Shakespeare and the Problem of Adaptation
Margaret Jane Kidnie
'Kidnie's study presents original, sophisticated, and profoundly intelligent answers to important questions.' - Lukas Erne, University of Geneva
'This is a fine and productive book, one that will surely draw significant attention and commentary well beyond the precincts of Shakespeare studies.' - W.B. Worthen, Columbia University
Shakespeare's plays continue to be circulated on a massive scale in a variety of guises – as editions, performances, and adaptations – and it is by means of such mediation that we come to know his drama. Shakespeare and the Problem of Adaptation addresses fundamental questions about this process of mediation, making use of the fraught category of adaptation to explore how we currently understand the Shakespearean work. To adapt implies there exists something to alter, but what constitutes the category of the 'play', and how does it relate to adaptation? How do 'play' and 'adaptation' relate to drama's twin media, text and performance? What impact might answers to these questions have on current editorial, performance, and adaptation studies?
Margaret Jane Kidnie argues that 'play' and 'adaptation' are provisional categories - mutually dependent processes that evolve over time in accordance with the needs of users. This theoretical argument about the identity of works and the nature of text and performance is pursued in relation to diverse examples, including theatrical productions by the Royal Shakespeare Company, the BBC's ShakespeaRe-Told, the Reduced Shakespeare Company, and recent print editions of the complete works. These new readings build up a persuasive picture of the cultural and intellectual processes that determine how the authentically Shakespearean is distinguished from the fraudulent and adaptive. Adaptation thus emerges as the conceptually necessary but culturally problematic category that results from partial or occasional failures to recognize a shifting work in its textual-theatrical instance.
Introduction: The Problem of Adaptation 1 – Surviving Performance: Shakespeare's Contested Works 2 – Defining the Work through Production, or What Adaptation is Not 3 – Entangled in the Present: Shakespeare and the Politics of Production 4 – Adapting Media: ShakespeaRe-Told by the BBC 5 – Textual Origins
Margaret Jane Kidnie is Associate Professor of English at the University of Western Ontario, Canada. She has edited early modern drama and prose, and has published widely on performance, adaptation, textual studies, and editorial practice. She is currently editing A Woman Killed with Kindness for the Arden Early Modern Drama series.
'Kidnie's study presents original, sophisticated and profoundly intelligent answers to important questions. Its scope is ambitious and requires a set of skills which few Shakespearean scholars possess: unusually, Kidnie is as much at home in performance studies and in textual studies; she is keenly attuned to the practicalities of actual performances as well as to the theorization of performancel she is incisive on political issues relating to contemporary dramatic writings as on the questions of how media impact the production of Shakespeare.' - English Studies
Drama by Period - 20th Century to Present
Theatre & Performance Studies


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In Antalya, the pine-clad Toros (Taurus) Mountains sweep down to the sparkling clear sea resulting in an irregular coastline of rocky headlands and secluded coves.
The region, bathed in sunshine for 300 days of the year, is a paradise for sunbathing, swimming, and sports activities like windsurfing, water skiing, sailing, mountain climbing and spelunking. If you come to Antalya in March or April, you can ski in the mornings and in the afternoons swim in the warm waters of the Mediterranean. Awaiting your discovery are important historical sites set in a landscape of pine forests, olive and citrus groves and palm, avocado and banana plantations.
The Turkish Riviera is the tourism capital of Turkey. Its full range of accommodations from basic to luxery hotels, and the hospitable people of Antalya will make your holiday comfortable and enjoyable.
Surrounded by amazing scenery of sharp contrasts, Antalya, Turkey's principal resort, is an attractive city with shady palm-lined boulevards and a prize-winning marina. In the picturesque old quarter of Kaleici, narrow, winding streets and old wooden houses abut the ancient city walls.
Antalya has been continuously inhabited since its founding in 159 BC by Attalos II, a king of Pergamum, who named the city Attaleia after himself. The Romans, Byzantines and Seljuks successively occupied it before Ottoman rule. The elegant, fluted minaret of the YivIi Minareli Mosque in the center of the city, built by the Seljuk sultan Alaeddin Keykubat in the 13th century, has become Antalya's symbol. The Karatay Medrese (theological college) in the Kaleici, district, from the same period, exemplifies the best of Seljuk stone carving. The two most important Ottoman mosques in the city are the 16th-century Murat Pasa Mosque, remarkable for its tile decoration, and the l8th-century Tekeli Mehmet Pasa Mosque.
Nearby the marina, the attractive late 19th-century Iskele Mosque is built of cut stone and set on four pillars over a natural spring. The Hidirlik Kulesi (tower) was probably constructed as a lighthouse in the second century.
The Kesik Minaret Mosque, which was previously a church, attests to the city's long history in its succession of Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and Ottoman renovations.
When Emperor Hadrian visited Phaselis in Antalya province in 130 AD a beautifully decorated three-arched gate with Corinthian columns was built into the city walls in his honor.
It was the only entrance through the city walls. The two towers flanking the gate, as well as other sections of the walls, are still standing near the marina.
The clock tower in Kalekapisi Square was also part of the old city's fortifications.
In the Ataturk and Karaalioglu Parks, the colorful exotic flowers and the shimmering water in the bay with the mountains behind demonstrate why Antalya has become such a popular resort. At Aqua Park, on the eastern coast, every kind of water sport is available, including exciting water slides.
The award-winning Antalya Kaleici Marina and Leisure Center is considered one of the loveliest marinas in Turkey with its many souvenir shops, friendly cafes and restaurants as well as yacht moorings and services.
Sail in the morning and enjoy the relaxed conveniance of the marina in the afternoon. The old city walls, lit up at night, lend an atmosphere of serenity and timelessness.
The Archeological Museum, with artifacts from the Paleolithic Age to Ottoman times, offers a glimpse of the area's rich history.
Two-colored ceramics dated at 5400 – 8500 B.C. are worth seeing.
The Ataturk Museum displays objects used by the founder of the Turkish Republic.
(Both open weekdays except Monday).
The Antalya Altin Portakal (Golden Orange) Film and Art Festival, held in the autumn, attracts many participants and visitors.
The ancient theater in Aspendos makes an impressive setting for some of the festival's plays and concerts.
Antalya also hosts annual jewelry fairs.
A Culture, Exhibition and Congress Center dominated by an impressive glass pyramid was opened in 1996 in the Konyaalti Quarter.
At the Upper Duden Waterfalls, 14 km northeast of Antalya, you can walk behind the rushing cascade for a thrilling experience. On the way to Lara Beach, the Lower Duden Waterfalls plunge straight into the sea. The nearby rest area offers an excellent view of the falls and the vista is even more spectacular from the sea. Kursunlu Waterfalls and Nilufer Lake, both 18 km from Antalya, are two more places of superb natural beauty.
The sandy Lara Beach lies about 12 km to the east. Closer to Antalya, but to the west, the long, pebbled Konyaalti Beach offers a view of the breathtaking mountain range. A little farther along, the Bey Daglari Olympos National Park and Topcam Beach provide more splendid vistas. Sican is a lovely nature island. There are camping grounds at the north end of the park, should you decide to linger amid the natural beauty. For a panoramic view of the area, drive to the holiday complex and revolving restaurant on top of Tunektepe Hill.
Saklikent, 50 km from Antalya, is an ideal winter sports resort on the northern slopes of Bakirli Mountain at an altitude of 1,750 to 1,900 m. In March and April you can ski in the morning, eat a delicious lunch of fresh fish at Antalya's marina and sun bathe, swim or windsurf in the afternoon. You can see wildlife – deer and mountain goats – that are under a conservation program in Duzler Park, north of Antalya. On the way, you can stop at the astonishing 115-m deep Guver Canyon.
On the eastern side of Can Mountain, 30 km from Antalya, the Karain Cave, which dates from the Paleolithic Age, is the site of the oldest settlement in Turkey. A single entrance, lit by the morning sun, opens onto three large interconnecting chambers. Although the little museum at the entrance displays some of the finds, most of the artifacts are housed in various museums throughout Turkey. Some of them date to 160,000 B.C.
The ruins of the city of Termessos are perched on a 1,050-m high plateau on the west face of Gulluk Mountain (Solymos) found in Mt. Gulluk National Park northwest of Antalya. A wild and splendid landscape surrounds the monumental traces of this city. A nature and wildlife museum is found at the park entrance.
Renowned for its unspoiled landscape, flora, and fauna, the Goller Bolgesi (Lake District) lies in a mountainous area 150 km north of Antalya. The city of Burdur is known throughout Turkey for its beautiful lakes, as well as for its carpets and kilims. The Bakircilar Carsisi is a shopping area where you can find fine hand crafted copper. This city also preserves excellent examples of Ottoman regional architecture, in particular the Tasoda, Kocaoda (also known as Celikbas). and Misirlilar Konaks, or mansions, dating back to the 17th century. Both the interior and exterior decorations reveal much of the Ottoman aesthetic. (Open everyday except Monday). The Burdur Archeological Museum houses some very important artifacts from around the region. (Open everyday except Monday).
Burdur Lake, with nice beaches for swimming, is a superb location for water sports. A climb to the top of Susamlik Hill gives you a panoramic view over the city and lake. The Insuyu Cave, 10 km south on the road to Antalya, is 597 m long, with nine distinct pools, and chambers filled with stalactites and stalagmites. Kremna (Camlik) is 60 km from Burdur and 15 km from Bucak near Camlik village in Bucak County. It wasan important Pisidian city and contains Roman and Byzantine era ruins. The Incirhan Caravanserai is located seven km west of Bucak in lncirdere (Derekoy). It was built in the 13th century by the Seljuk ruler Giyasettin Keykubat.
A hundred m southwest of Burdur, in Golhisar (Cibyra), are ruins, mostly from Roman times, of an important ancient north Lycian city with a stadium, lower and upper agora, theater, necropolis and large aqueducts. Also in the region, trapped in the mountains 1,050 m above sea level, is beautiful Lake Saida, a delightful location for relaxation and cooling off on the sandy beaches or in the lake side cafes, hotels and restaurants. Also in the region is Hacilar Hoyuk (Hacilar mound) containing ceramics dating from 5400 to 8500 B.C. excavated in 1950.
The ancient site of Sagalassos is 33 km east of Burdur and seven km south of the town of Aglasun. It was the Pisidian capital city and has ruins from Roman times that included a memorial entrance gate, colonnaded street, lower and upper agoras, temple and magnificent theater.
High in the Taurus Mountains is Isparta, a city of lakes and lovely coastal areas overgrown in the spring and summer with an exuberance of wild flowers. In the city you should stop at the Ulu Mosque built in 1417 by the Seljuks. The Bedesten, or covered bazaar, dates from 1561. Firdevs Pasa Mosque, also called Mimar Sinan Mosque was also built in 1561 by the great Ottoman architect Sinan. Be sure to see the 14th-century Isparta Castle. Rose gardens that produce rose oil for the cosmetic industry surround the city and fill it with their sweet scent. Other souvenirs include a thickly piled Isparta carpet. In the nearby hills, the districts of Kirazlidere and Sidre are popular with visitors who want to relax and enjoy the view. South of Isparta, Golcuk Lake, encircled by aromatic pine forests, rests at an impressive 1,405 m above sea level.
Egirdir, at the southern end of Lake Egirdir, is set in idyllic natural surroundings. Among the man-made monuments, Egirdir Castle built by the Lydian King Croesus shows additions and renovations made by Romans, Byzantines and Seljuks. The Seljuk Kemerli Minare has felt the changes of the modern world today it stands in the middle of a road. At lakeside restaurants you can sample white bass, the local speciality. A boardwalk connects the shore to Egirdir Island, where weavers erect their looms and work outside their houses.
Up in the hills, on the western side of the lake, guest houses in Barla provide a wonderful opportunity for relaxation. Kovada National Park, 30 km south of Lake Egirdir, surrounds Kovada Lake, a pristine and cool mountain getaway.
Northeast of Isparta, Yalvac, stands near the ancient city of Pisidian Antioch. The actual time it was founded under the Seleucids is unknown, but it was probably a colony of King Antiochus (281-261 B.C.) of Magnesia on the Meander. Antioch then passed under the control of the Galatian kingdom (39-36 B.C.) and then became "Colonia Caesarea" of the Roman Empire in 25 B.C. and remained so for about 200 years. This is attested to by numerous Latin inscriptions still extant. Under Rome, the city was made to resemble the capital on its seven hills. At the end of the third century the city was a metropolis of Pisidia and continued to be under the Byzantines, who increased the number of sacred sites.
This area was visited by Paul and Barnabas around 46 AD. Among the ruins be sure to see St. Paul's Basilica, the aqueducts, the Temple to Augustus, the theater and public baths as you walk along the city's marble streets, all of which was destroyed by Arabs in 713. In the middle of the 13th century most of the inhabitants left the ancient site and founded nearby Yalvac. The Archeological Museum in Yalvac itself displays several important regional artifacts. Tourists will find not only articles of leather clothing but many other interesting traditional souvenirs made of animal hide. East of Yalvac. atop Karakuyu Hill, is the sanctuary to the moon god (called Men), and the view from it is breathtaking. Giant cedar trees grow in Kizildag National Park, south of Yalvac amid one of Turkey's most splendid landscapes.
The mountains of the Toros (Taurus) Range rise up immediately behind the coast. The entire length from Konyaalti Beach to the Kirlangic Peninsula is national preserve, the Bey Daglari (Olympos) National Park. The history of this ancient Lycian Peninsula can be traced back to the Neolithic Age to the settlements at Beldibi.
The 42 km of road from Antalya to Kemer pass through spectacular mountain scenery. This resort town has been carefully designed to blend in with the surrounding scenery and offers a lovely environment for a wonderful holiday. The fully-equipped Kemer marina allows yachtsmen to enjoy the unspoiled bays and beaches south of the town. Shoppers will delight in the wonderful range of high quality souvenirs for sale. A beach promenade north of the marina has steps down from its cafes and shops to the beach. Kerner Beach is a Blue Flag beach. (The term "Blue Flag" coined by the European Union signifies especially clean beaches.). In the Yoruk (Nomad) Theme Park you can watch traditional crafts people at work. The adjoining bay is a charming spot with many sports and daily entertainment facilities discreetly hidden among the pines. April is the month for the colorful Kemer Carnival. Also in the spring are the yacht races between Kerner and Girne in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, and between other locations.
Kiziltepe, Goynuk (Blue Flag) and Beldibi (Blue Flag) north of Kemer and Camyuva and Tekirova (Blue Flag) to the south, are tourist centers that offer various activities. The holiday villages are all designed to blend into the forest that surrounds them. At the foot of 2575 m high Mt. Tahtali (Olympos), 15 km south of Kemer, the three harbors of Phaselis were once a major commercial center. The ruins of aqueducts, agoras, baths, a theater, Hadrian's Gate and an acropolis reveal the city's historical importance. From the south harbor, look up to Mt. Tahtali for a spectacular view. The sheltered sandy beaches make a superb playground, and the waters are calm and safe for swimmers.
The ancient city of Olympos is situated on the southern side of Mt. Tahtali Oleander and laurel bushes shade the Olympos Valley, which can be approached by land or sea. The light playing on the quiet pools of water enhance the mosaics in the bathgate possibly built during the reign of Marcus Aurelius (161-180 AD), part of a bridge, and a Roman theater also remain from antiquity. The outer walls and towers around the bay date from the Middle Ages.
North of Olympos up from Cirali Beach is Yanartas (at a height of 300 m) where Greek mythology tells us the Lycian hero Bellerophon mounted his winged horse Pegasus and slew the fire-breathing Chimaera.
Gas seeps from the earth and burns brightly at night at this site. The Byzantines also considered this a religious area.
South of Olympos, tranquil waters and sandy beaches line the Bay of Cavus where you can water ski on calm waters, discover the colorful marine life or explore the incredible sea caves on the northern shore.
Finike, an entry port west of Olympos, is surrounded by citrus trees and gardens. A sandy beach stretches to the east, and to the west are rocky bays and coves.
Limyra, an ancient Lycian city, is 10 km inland from Finike, via Turuncova. The fourth-century B.C. Pericles mausoleum, decorated with caryatids, is a magnificent example of ancient art. The city walls, necropolis, and Roman theater are also of interest.
Farther along this road is the Lycian city of Arikanda. It was inhabited at least by 500 B.C. and was destroyed several times by fire or earthquake. It was called Akalanda by the Byzantines. Set high on the mountain overlooking one of Turkey's most beautiful valleys, the extensive ruins include an agora, a theater with seven sections, a stadium, bouleuterion, water system, gymnasium, baths and scattered sarcophagi. The baths are still in good condition.
The ancient city of Myra, now called Demre or Kale, is 25 km west of Finike. It was inhabited as early as 500 B.C. Many splendidly carved rock tombs dating from the 4th century B.C. overlook the magnificent Roman theater. St. Nicholas, who was born in Patara, was the bishop of Myra during the 4th century, and died there in 326. Every year in December the St. Nicholas Commemoration Ceremony attracts many tourists who spend their Christmas holidays on the sunny Mediterranean coast of ancient Lycia.
Dalyanagzi, the ancient harbor of Andriace, west of Demre, has a good beach for swimming and sunbathing.
Kekova, an island an hour from Dalyanagzi by sea, gives its name to a whole ensemble of picturesque islands, numerous bays and ancient cities. These bays provide natural harbors in all seasons, and yachtsmen particularly enjoy exploring the unspoiled landscape. Along the northern shore of Kekova Island at Apollonia, earthquakes have disturbed the land causing some of the ancient houses to sink under the clear water, thus creating a sunken city. Kalekoy Castle (Simena) offers a birds-eye view of the bays, inlets, islands and colorful yachts sailing peacefully over the glassy water.
Continuing west out of Kekova, you come to Kas, a lovely spot surrounded on three sides by mountains. The friendly local fishermen are happy to run a water taxi service to take you to a favorite bay, cove or beach along the coast. The swimming and diving are excellent in the clear cool water around Kas, which was founded in the 4th century B.C. as Antiphellos. Now only the Lycian rock tombs, sarcophagi and a theater are left. But the charm of the town remains, and it is a pleasure to wander through the streets, stopping to examine souvenir shops that offer Turkish handicrafts, leather goods, copper and silver items, cotton clothing and the inevitable handmade carpet.
After shopping stroll, along the flower-lined Akdeniz Promenade or relax under the shade of a palm tree. The mountains that surround the town provide their share of activities and sights, while the bars and restaurants offer plenty of nightlife. You can walk through forested hills to visit remote villages and ancient ruins. The energetic may want to attempt the highest peak in the area, Mt. Kizlar Sivrisi (3,086 m), or the second highest, Mt. Akdag (3,030 m).
Along the scenic Kalkan road, Kaputas has a beautiful beach, at one end of which is the Turquoise Grotto. A little distance to the west is Kalkan, a lovely small hilltop town that overlooks a tiny bay. Its quaint, traditional, white-washed houses, shuttered windows and balconies with brilliant flowers that cascade to the streets below, make it the ultimate in a peaceful holiday town.
Narrow winding streets lined with souvenir shops lead down to the charming marina. Every morning boats are busy taking tourists to one of the nearby beaches or small bays. As the sun sets, it is Kalkan tradition to meet on the roof terraces for a drink before dinner and enjoy the comings and goings of the yachts, the business of the marina and the panoramic view.
Once a principal harbor of ancient Lycia, Patara is now reached by following a winding mountain road before descending to the site. According to Greek mythology Apollo was born here. More concrete history reveals that this town was the birthplace of St. Nicholas. The ruins are, of course, numerous and interesting. A second century theater has been partially excavated, and there is a gate with three arches built in 100 . But Patara is also a place for beach lovers. Its 22 km of pure white sand stretches as far as the eye can see, making it a natural choice for all types of beach sports. The remoteness of this undiscovered comer makes it feel like a private paradise.
Wide, fertile plains parallel the endless sandy beaches east of Antalya until you come to Alanya. Abundant modern tourist facilities and well-preserved historic sites give you a number of options for a day's activities.
Perge (18 km from Antalya) was an important city of ancient Parnphylia, originally settled by the Hittites around 1500 BC. St. Paul visited this city on his first missionary journey. The theater stage has finely carved marble reliefs, and other carvings from around the city are displayed in the stadium. Amateur archeologists will want to see the handsome city gate flanked by two lofty towers, a long colonnaded road once paved with mosaics and lined with shops, a large agora, public baths and a gymnasium.
Swimmers and sun-bathers alike enjoy Belek, a modem luxurious holiday center and golfer's paradise, 40 km from Antalya. The National Golf Club located in Belek features a wide variety of water sports, as well as a championship 18-hole golf course and 9-hole academy course. Visitors may sample some of Turkey's finest cuisine and enjoy open air discos.
A photogenic Seljuk bridge crosses the Kopru River from the road to Aspendos. The road continues past the Aspendos Jewel Center to the Aspendos Theatre, the best preserved theater of antiquity, with seating for 15,000. Still used today, the theater's galleries, stage decorations and acoustics all testify to the architect's skill. Nearby, stand the remains of a basilica, an agora and one of the largest aqueducts in Anatolia.
And if you have ever wondered how gold dust becomes a fine piece of art or how precious stones are engraved, be sure to visit the Aspendos Jewelry Center, where jewelry making can be observed at every stage in the large workshop.
Northeast of Antalya, at the turn off for Tapgil and Beskonak, is the scenic route that leads to the 14-km-long Koprulu Canyon National Park. The twisting road winds over mountain streams and passes through virgin cedar forest. It is often a slow drive because the view at every turn is more beautiful than the last. The park, 92 km from Antalya, is a valley of wild beauty rich in flora and fauna.
Fish restaurants dot the rest areas. The Roman Oluk Bridge, which spans the canyon, and the Bugrum Bridge over the Kocadere stream, are engineering feats of antiquity. From this park you can take two excursions – to the ancient city of Selge or to the Dedegol Mountains. Dedegol the highest peak in this mountain range rises to 2,992 m. An important city of ancient Pisidia, Altinkaya (Selge), northwest of Koprulu Canyon National Park, is reached by a winding mountain road. The city walls, tower, cisterns, temple to Zeus, agora, stadium, theater carved into boulders, gymnasium and necropolis still remain from this commercial city that stood at an elevation of 950 m. Historians verify that Selge had direct trade with Antalya, which brought it prosperity. Selge was ruled by Lydians and others.
Although the Manavgat Waterfalls are not high, milky white, foaming water rushes powerfully over the rocks. Next to the waterfalls, shady tea gardens and restaurants make the falls a pleasant, cool resting spot, especially welcome after a day of sighseeing. You can take a delightful boat trip up the Manavgat River to explore this lovely area further.
Side, one of the best-known classical sites in Turkey, was an ancient harbor whose name meant pomegranate. Now a pretty resort town, its ancient ruins, two sandy beaches, numerous shops and extensive tourist accommodation attract throngs of visitors. There are numerous cafes and restaurants with a view of the sea, and the shops that line the narrow streets sell typical Turkish handicrafts including leather goods and Turkey's famous beautiful gold jewelry. The magnificent theater of the ancient city, built on colonnaded arches, is the largest in the whole area. Other monuments include the agora, the Temple of Apollo, which is situated near the sea, a fountain and necropolis. The extensive Roman baths, now a museum, house one of Turkey's finest archeological collections.
Tucked in pine forests east of Side, the resorts of Sorgun, Titreyen Gol (Blue Flag) and Kizilagac are popular for their sandy beaches and sparkling sea. The atmosphere is relaxed, the accommodation plentiful and the activities endless.
West of Side, the holiday centers of Kumkoy, Colakli and Kamelya also offer sun and sea, in close proximity to ancient sites. At Seleucia of Parnphlyia (Bucaksihlar), 15 km northeast of Side, are the remains (in good condition) of Roman baths, temples, churches, a mausoleum, theatre and agora. One of the most interesting and well known caves in Turkey is located in Altinbesik Cave National Park situated 12 m southeast of Aydinkent (lbradi) and 55 m north of Manavgat. Lakes and interesting rock formations within the cave area as well as travertines and streams make this area especially fascinating. Altinbesik Cave is situated on the western slopes of the Manavgat River Valley and can be reached via the village of Urunlu, which is an authentic village and a must-see when traveling through this area.
The Alarahan caravanserai was built by Seljuk sultan Alaeddin Keykubat in 1230 on the banks of the Alara River. On the top of a nearby hill the Alara Fortress commands a view of the whole area.
The large and popular resort center of Alanya lies at one end of a rocky promontory, which juts out into the Mediterranean between two long sandy beaches. A fortress repaired by the Seljuks in 1231, one of the most magnificent sights on the coast, crowns the headland. Nearly 150 towers punctuate the walls of the well- preserved, doublewalled citadel. Within the outer walls are ruins of mosques, a caravanserai and covered bazaar, and within the inner walls are a ruined cistern and a Byzantine church. Although Alanya's history dates back to the Romans, it rose to prominence under the Seljuks, when in 1220, Alaeddin Keykubat made it his winter residence and naval base. The surviving buildings reflect the importance of the city in Seljuk times. Besides the impressive citadel, tourists should explore the unique dockyards and the octagonal Kizil Kule (Red Tower).
Alanya is a beautiful holiday center of modern hotels and motels, as well as numerous seafood restaurants, cafes and bars. The cafes that ring the harbor have become popular gathering places for tourists. There are also three Blue Flag beaches. From the town's lovely park, the road runs along the coast to the harbor, lined with countless boutiques that tempt tourists with handicrafts, leather, clothes, jewelry, handbags and the amusing painted gourds that are a symbol of the area. In August, when Alanya hosts a colorful International Folklore Festival the atmosphere is charged with vitality.
If you enjoy exploring you should visit the Damlatas Cave to see the eerie misshapen rock formations. Nearby is the Archeology and Ethnography Museum (Open weekdays except Monday). A boat can take you to three sea grottoes: Fosforlu Magara with its phosphorescent rocks; the Kizlar Magarasi, where pirates imprisoned their female captives and the Asiklar Magarasi.
When the intense sun overpowers you, take a day trip to the Dim Cayi Valley, 15 km east of Alanya, where you can relax in the shade of this scenic valley and listen to the stream rushing by. Thirty km east of Alanya is Aytap, the historical harbor city of lotape and a great excursion site with Roman ruins, secluded beaches and bays.
If you travel east from Alanya towards Gazipasa you will discover and, no doubt, linger on the exceptional beaches. The attractive Gazipasa County was awarded its name by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Near Gazipasa is Yalandunya Cave with many natural water pools. Also discover the Korsanlar Ask Magarasi (Pirates' Love Cave). The royal graves at Doganma on Mt. Adanda and Mt. Guney are also worth seeing. Near the ancient city of Solinos there is a comfortable vacation locale. Be sure not to miss the picturesque Turkish houses at Hasdere.
Avsallar (Incekum), about 25 km from Alanya to the west, is a resort center with fine sandy beaches.
Mark Antony gave the lovely Cilician shores between Alanya and the Syrian Border to Cleopatra as a wedding present. Also associated with the region's past is St. Paul, a native of Tarsus. Today the area is known for its fertile soil which produces abundant crops, and for the hospitality of its residents.
Surrounded by densely cultivated market gardens, Mersin, the provincial center of Icel, lies midway on the eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Its shady palm-lined avenues, city park and modern hotels create a pleasant ambience from which to visit the nearby historic sites and numerous beaches. A rapidly developing city and the largest free-trade zone port on the Turkish Mediterranean, Mersin has a regular car ferry service to Gazimagosa (Famagusta) in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. In the fish market, sample the daily catch in one of the several inexpensive restaurants. Other local delicacies include cezire, a local confection made of carrot rolled around a walnut center, and biberli ekmek, a small pizza topped with a spicy meatless sauce. Despite its very modern appearance, Mersin (ancient Zephyrium) occupies the site of an extremely ancient city. It was called Kizuwatna by the Hittites. At the Yurnuktepe tumulus, three m west of town, continuing excavations have unearthed several successive settlements dating back to 6000 B.C. to the Neolithic Age. It has also been learned from a letter from the Hittite queen, Puduhepa (1282-1275 B.C.), to the Ugarite king in Syria, Niqmepa, that the residents of Ura (Hyria) at the head of the Goksu (Calycadnos) River in Icel were engaged in sea trade with the Ugarites. There are remains of various civilizations throughout Icel, but the majority of remains are from the Roman, Byzantine, and Turkish eras.
In Demircili (the ancient Imbriogon), north of Silifke on the way to Uzuncaburc, there are well-preserved memorial tombs of the early Roman period.
The drive up the mountain road to the magnificent ancient site of Diocaesarea (Uzuncaburc) at 1200 m is lined with large tombs. The remains of the impressive Temple of Zeus Olbius from the Hellenistic period, the Temple of Tyche, the god of luck, a monumental arch, a theater built between 161-180 AD, a Byzantine church, and a tower are outstanding. Four m to the east are the ruins of Olba (Ura) where the Roman aqueducts, theater, and fountain make a quick tour well worthwhile.
Continuing along the coastal road south from Silifke you come to the 5th century Meryemlik (Ayatekla), a Roman necropolis with the tomb and church of St. Thecla, the first female martyr / saint.
Tasucu, with good accommodation for tourists, is a resort town with sandy beaches and a harbor. Regular sea bus and ferry service connects the town with Girne in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Ovacik, 44 km west of Tasucu, is a quiet spot well-known for its fisherman's wharf and beach. The Peninsula (ancient Cavaliere) of Ovacik is one of the natural highlights of Turkey, an ideal area for diving. If this sport interests you, visit Kosrelik Bay (Afrodisias) and Kosrelik Island. Eighteen km southeast of Ovacik off the coast of Kos relik Bay, you will find Roman ruins and beautiful mosaics. Off Aydincik, to the west of Ovacik, the surrounding sailing waters are clearly marked, ensuring crusing safety along this breathtaking stretch of coast. The shore road that clings to the pine-clad mountain slopes, which plunge steeply down to the sea, offers spectacular views of cliffs, coves and the brilliant turquoise waters of the Mediterranean.
Another 36 km to the west of Aydincik, Bozyazi is a holiday center with clean and commodious camping sites along its wide beaches.
Thirteen km from Bozyazi and a few km inland, the town of Anamur is nestled in the mountains with banana plantations surrounding it. Just west of town on a beautiful beach are the ruins of ancient Anamorium with double ramparts, theater, odeon, bath and necropolis. Situated on terraces above the sea, it is perfect for a climb to the top which overlooks one of the cleanest and most pristine seasides in Turkey.
East of Mersin, on the edge of the fertile Cukurova Plain, is Tarsus, the birthplace of St. Paul. Of ancient origin, the city was invaded and destroyed on several occasions. In the past, it had served as a capital city. Archeological remains to be seen are some bronze weapons, the Cleopatra Gate through which Mark Antony and Cleopatra passed when they came to Tarsus to meet, a Hittite temple, an ancient church, the Ottoman Ulu Cami, and the Kubat Pasa theological school. Little streams, waterfalls and shady trees at the Tarsus Falls on the outskirts of town are an idyllic place to spend an afternoon. The Karaburcak Park is perfumed by its groves of eucalyptus trees.
Set in the heart of the Cukurova (Cilician) Plain, Turkey's fourth largest city, Adana is at the center of a rich agricultural region and a thriving textile industry. The 310-m long Taskopru (Stone Bridge) built by Hadrian and repaired by Justinian, spans the Seyhan River which bisects the town; only 14 of the bridge's original 21 arches still stand. Of interest in the city are the Ulu Mosque built in 1509, the Eski Mosque, the Hasan Aga Mosque, the 19th-century clock tower and the old covered bazaar. To be included in a tour of the city are three museums: the Archeological Museum, which displays locally excavated Hittite and Roman remains; the charming Ethnography Museum; and the Ataturk Culture Museum.
After a day of sightseeing you can sample Adana kebab, a sensational spicy kebab of ground meat. Local beverages include shalgam, a drink made from dark turnips, and shira, a type of grape juice.
North of the city, at the Seyhan Dam and Lake, are shady walks, quaint tea gardens and restaurants set in a cool place to escape the heat. At sunset, look back toward the city to the peaceful, winding ruby river, lined with twinkling lights.
The nearest beaches with accommodations are at Yumurtalik, where an ancient harbor castle dominates the picturesque fisherman's wharf. And at Karatas, fishermen will enjoy the scene and the catch at Camlik Park.
Off the road from Adana to Iskenderun, near Yakapinar, lies Misis, a city which derived its wealth from its position on the Silk Road. There are several Roman ruins at the site, including a beautiful fourth-century mosaic pavement depicting Noah's Ark and the animals. Further along the road are the impressive ruins of the Yilanlikale (Sahmeran castle) atop a rocky peak that dominates the Ceyhan River. South of Yilanlikale, in the Sirkeli region, a somewhat weathered Hittite relief marks Muvattalish's stop here on his way to Egypt. North of Ceyhan lies the village of Dilekkaya, (the ancient Anavarza), where you can view the ruins of a Roman-Byzantine city and an impressive castle. The small museum at the site has two particularly fine mosaics from Roman baths. Osmaniye, inland from the head of the Gulf of Iskenderun, is the turn-off for two more ancient sites. The road to Karatepe takes you to the ancient Roman city of Castabala, where a colonnaded street, theater, baths and a fortress on the hill evoke a bygone era. At the Karatepe National Park, (a neo-Hittite site), the remains of the summer residence of King Asitawada, tablets bearing Hittite and Phoenician inscriptions which were important in deciphering the Hittite language and an open-air museum with fine bas-reliefs reveal the importance and astonishing aesthetic of this ancient civilization. There are two statues of bulls, and one with a human body topped by a lion's head.
This region was much fought over during the Crusades and the impressive fortress at Toprakkale was, for a time held by the European armies. Further back in history, Alexander the Great defeated Darius III and the Persian army in 333 BC at the Plain of Issos (Dortyol). Today this area is covered with large citrus groves which supply the country with oranges, tangerines and lemons.
At Yakacik (Payas), off the highway that outlines the coast of the Gulf of Iskenderun, the splendid 16th-century Sokollu Mehmet Pasa Complex includes mosque, bath, bazaar, caravanserai and medrese. Other monuments include the Cinkulesi Tower of Jinns) and a castle.
Iskenderun, formerly Alexandretta, was founded by Alexander the Great after his victory over the Persians on the Plain of Issos. Today it is a busy commercial center and port with a fine harbor. Excellent hotels, restaurants and cafes line the sea front surrounded by parks and palm trees. The culinary speciality of Iskenderun is sumptuous prawns. Epicureans should also try both kunefe, a hot dessert of sweetened shredded wheat filled with melted cheese, and humus, an appetizer of pureed chickpeas, garlic and paprika. Good souvenirs include hand carved wooden tables and chairs and other objects of wood.
On the coast south of Iskenderun, the resort town of Ulucinar (Arsuz) boasts good beaches, hotels, guest houses and restaurants.
On the way to Antakya, off the main road, is the mountain resort of Sogukoluk where you can retreat from the blazing summer sun. After you cross the Belen Pass, stop at Bagras Castle, which was held at various times by the Byzantines, Mamluks and Crusaders. The castle was originally built to control the route to Arabia. There is a chapel in the castle.
Antakya, the biblical city of Antioch, lies on the Asi River (Orontes) on a fertile plain surrounded by grand mountains. Once the capital of the Seleucid kings, it was notorious for its wealth and luxury. In Roman times, the city continued to thrive with commerce and culture. It featured prominently in early Christianity, as the place where the name "Christian" was first coined.
The Antakya Museum houses one of the richest collections of Roman mosaics in the world (Open weekdays except Monday). These fantastic mosaics in stone were uncovered mostly at excavations in Antakya and nearby Daphne. Outside the town is the Grotto of Peter the apostle. In 1983, the church was declared a sacred site by the Vatican. Other places of interest include a bustling bazaar and the Mosque of Habib Neccar.
South of the grotto, the iron Gate was one of the actual entrances of biblical Antioch. Strolling through the old part of town, you cannot help recalling that Paul, Peter, Barnahas, and others walked these streets, for little has changed since that time. The Castle of Antioch, set high above the city, offers a magnificent view over the city and the plain.
South of Antakya is Harbiye, the ancient Daphane where, according to mythology, Apollo tried to make the wood nymph, Daphne, his lover. To escape him, she changed into a laurel tree. The city was a luxurious suburb in Roman times. Covered with orchards, gardens, laurel trees, and waterfalls, this is an excellent place for a good meal. In October, delicious Harbiye dates are in season. Wonderful laurel scented soap can also be purchased here.
Samandag, 25 km from Antakya, is a resort town with a pristine beach. Seleucia Peria (Cevlik), north of town, was founded around 300 B.C. and by the time Paul and Barnabas started on their first missionary journey from here it was a busy port. The most interesting monument to see is the Tunnel of Titus, built to divert rain water. Even by today's standards it is a tremendous engineering achievement. You should also drive to the Temple of Zeus at Kapisuyu village for a spectacular panorama of the ancient harbor, sandy beach and fertile plain.


text:
Millions of Virgin TV customers lose ten channels - how to get them back with no extra cost
Some viewers declared they were cancelling their subscriptions
Emma Munbodh
Virgin Media customers have been left outraged after UKTV channels including Dave and Gold were wiped from "around four million" boxes due to a business dispute.
But there's a way to get them back, reports the Mirror.
Some viewers declared they were cancelling their subscriptions, while others threatened to abandon the digital cable TV provider if the popular channels were not restored.
Talks between the firms failed to solve an impasse over fees and 10 channels, including five which are free-to-air, disappeared from subscribers' televisions at midnight on Saturday.
Viewers were also left unable to access UKTV on-demand services via their Virgin Media sets.
Thousands urgently admitted to hospital - for conditions that don't need hospital treatment
One Twitter user said: "@virginmedia @UKTV Will be cancelling TV, broadband & all phones as soon as we can get through to someone at Virgin!! Think they might be busy with a lot of angry customers."
Another said: "@virginmedia So this looks like the end, 15 years a customer and you've messed up big time. Sky shop Wednesday unless you fix it £SaveDave"
Free-to-air channels Dave, Drama, Home, Really and Yesterday, along with paid-for channels Gold, Alibi, Eden, Good Food and W were replaced on Sunday morning.
It leaves fans of shows including Taskmaster, Judge Romesh, Harrow and Red Dwarf unable to watch some of their favourite programmes as a result of the dispute.
Virgin Media has accused the broadcaster of seeking "inflated sums" to provide its paid channels.
Major queues build at Birmingham Airport amid Vueling and Wizz Air check-in 'chaos'
David Bouchier, the cable TV firm's chief digital entertainment officer, said they were ready to restore UKTV's free channels, like Dave, "immediately" with its permission.
"We have been in extensive discussions with UKTV but we have not been able to reach an agreement which reflects the reality of how people are watching television in the 21st Century.
"UKTV is insisting on holding back its channels, like Dave, which are freely available over the air and online, unless we pay inflated sums of money for its paid channels like Gold.
"On top of this, UKTV is unable to provide the extensive on-demand programming which is expected of a modern day broadcaster."
UKTV chief executive Darren Childs said it could not accept the "drastic" cut in price that Virgin was seeking to show the paid channels on its pay-to-view service.
Jeremy Corbyn vows a Labour government will stop sending contracts abroad - and build in Britain instead
"We're hugely disappointed for the many customers who are losing out because our channels are no longer available through Virgin Media," he said.
"We completely understand their frustration and would love to continue to bring them the shows and channels that they're so passionate about, but we need a fair price to support our growing investment in programmes.
"The reality is that we just can't accept the drastic price cut that Virgin wants."
According to UKTV, "around four million households" were no longer able to access the channels after the midnight deadline passed.
The 10 channels are still available on other TV platforms including Sky, BT, Talk Talk, as well as Freeview and Freesat.
Viewers can also watch them online via UKTV Play.
UKTV is part-owned by the BBC, and a BBC Studios spokesman said: "This is clearly an attempt to negotiate through the press. We are fully supportive of the approach taken by UKTV management, who are leading discussions."
Get your channels back
All TVs manufactured after 2010 have a free-to-air service called Freeview built-in - but many people aren't aware of it.
This gives you unlimited access to 85 channels of entertainment at your fingertips - which you don't have to pay a penny extra for.
To access them, you'll need to connect your TV to a working aerial (this could be through the roof or you can opt for a manual one for around £15). Once up and running, you can tune your TV to pick up the channels included with your device.
If you don't have Freeview or your TV is an older model, you can also buy a one-off box - usually around £35.
The good news is that by setting up your TV, you'll get half of the channels you've lost back plus 19 more that aren't available on through Virgin at all.
This includes Dave, Really Drama, Home and Yesterday and a load more, such as CBS Action, More 4, Tiny Pop and the Travel Channel.
"We've all worked hard over the weekend seeing our friends and families and haven't worried for a second about how we're going to watch the next series of Taskmaster on Dave," a Freeview spokesman told Mirror Money.
"It's odd that Virgin Media are charging their viewers actual money to not receive channels broadcast on Freeview, which as the name suggests is free."


As a therapist and yoga instructor in Atlanta, I am passionate about combining counseling with awareness techniques for anxiety, depression, and relationship issues. Through principles of yoga and meditation, I assist you in deeply understanding your suffering and uncovering your inner strength through acceptance and choice.
If you feel confined by your past, symptoms of depression and anxiety, or spiritual stagnation, change is possible through self exploration. My goal is to help you befriend the human experience and awaken to your highest Self.


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Palmer, Jessica; Rickett, Charles E.F.
Cite this item: Palmer J and Rickett C, "The Revolution and Legacy of the Discretionary Trust" (2017) 11 Journal of Equity 157-184.
The requirement of object certainty in express trusts underwent significant reform in the heady days of the late 1960s and early 1970s. This article argues that those changes have had important implications not only for the theoretical conception of the trust, but also for the modern practice of discretionary trusts.