text:
The Practice Overview
Dr. Stephen Metzinger
Dolce Bellisimo Spa
Viveve™
Meet Dr. Stephen Metzinger
Stephen Eric Metzinger, M.D., M.S.P.H., F.A.C.S. is a native of New Orleans, Louisiana.
Having a profound interest in plastic surgery, Dr. Metzinger chose his training to emphasize this area.
He obtained his undergraduate degree at Tulane University, and received a Master's of Science in Public Health from the Tulane University School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine. He then completed four years of study at the Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans. He received multiple honors and was elected to national honor societies, Delta Omega and Alpha Omega Alpha. He then served a two year residency in general surgery at the Carraway Methodist Medical Center in Birmingham, Alabama.
Soon after, he pursued training in Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans. He then obtained highly specialized fellowship training in Facial Aesthetic Surgery at the prestigious and world-renowned McCollough Aesthetic Medical Center in Birmingham, Alabama.
Inspired by his achievements in facial plastic surgery, Dr. Metzinger chose to pursue additional training in aesthetic and reconstructive surgery at the prestigious Johns Hopkins Hospital in the Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. He was given the John Staige Davis Resident Research award for his innovative work in plastic surgery. He then completed sub-specialty training at the University of Maryland R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery and Microvascular Surgery.
In 1996, he joined the faculty of the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans. He was dual-appointed in the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery and the Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery. He developed the basic science laboratory for the Plastic Surgery Division, and served as Director of Resident Research for both Plastic Surgery and Otolaryngology.
In 2000 he was named Co-Program Director of the Plastic Surgery Residency Training Program. During that period, several important publications and advancements in the field of breast reconstruction with perforator flaps, rhinoplasty, cosmetic eyelid rejuvenation surgery, cosmetic facial surgery, nerve regeneration and minimally invasive cosmetic plastic surgery were developed. With this body of work, Dr. Metzinger has become a renowned and highly respected aesthetic surgeon and has been asked to lecture and teach his techniques locally, nationally, and internationally.
Dr. Metzinger is Triple Board Certified in Plastic Surgery, Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery and Facial Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. Dr. Metzinger is a Clinical Associate Professor at Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. Dr. Metzinger's major areas of interests are cosmetic plastic surgery of the face, nose, breast and body.
Dr. Metzinger is a member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS), American Association of Plastic Surgery (AAPS), and American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS), American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons (ASMS) and the Rhinoplasty Society.
Dr. Metzinger is married to Rebecca C. Metzinger MD and they have three children; Walter Frederick "Fritz" Metzinger III, Cameron Crawford Metzinger and Kerth Peterson "Pete" Metzinger.
1974 - 1978 Jesuit High School, New Orleans, Louisiana Special Diploma of Merit, Cum Laude 1978
1979 - 1982 Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana Degree: Bachelor of Science in Biology
1981 - 1983 Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana Degree: Master of Science in Public Health
1983 - 1987 Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana Degree: Doctor of Medicine
July 1987 - June 1989 Residency in General Surgery Carraway Methodist Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
July 1989 - June 1993 Residency in Otolaryngology–Headand Neck Surgery Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
July 1993 - June 1994 Fellow - American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Preceptor: E. Gaylon McCollough, Birmingham, Alabama
July 1994 - June 1996 Residency in Plastic Surgery, TheJohns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland
July 1995 - December 1995 Fellowship, Craniomaxillofacial Surgery/Microvascular Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland
Faculty Appointments and Positions
May 1996 - June 1996 Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana.
July 1996 - June 2001 Assistant Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana.
July 1996 - December 1996 Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
December 1996 - June 2001 Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division ofPlastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
July 2001 - July 2004 Associate Professor, Department of Otorhinolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine New Orleans, Louisiana.
1987 - Licensed, Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners
1988 - Licensed, State of Alabama
1989 - Licensed, State of Mississippi
1994 - Licensed, State of Maryland
1994 - Diplomate, American Board of Otolaryngology
1998 - Diplomate, American Board of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1998 - Diplomate, American Board of Plastic Surgery; 2008 - Recertification,
2018 - Recertification
1998 – 2004 Charity Hospital Operating Room Committees
1999 – 2004 LSUHSC Clinical Faculty Advisory Group Committee
1999 – Present Medical Executive Committee, Houma Outpatient Surgery Center
1999 – 2004 University Hospital O.R. Advisory Committees
2005 – Present ASAPS Program Committee
2006 – Present ASMS Membership Committee
2007 – 2009 ASPS Health Policy Committee
2007 – Present AAPS Membership Committee
2007 – Present ASPS In-Service Examination Committee
2008 – 2009 Quality and Performance Membership Committee
2015 – Present ASAPS Teaching Course Subcommittee
2017 - 2018 ASPS Health Policy Committee
2017 - 2018 ASPS Patient Safety Subcommittee
2017 - 2018 ASPS Public Education Committee
Memberships in Professional and Scientific Societies
Fellow, American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Active Member, American Association of Plastic Surgeons
Active Member, The Rhinoplasty Society
Fellow, American Society of Plastic Surgeons
Fellow, American College of Surgeons
Fellow, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Fellow, American Academy of Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery
Active Member, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons
Associate Member, Association of Academic Chairmen of Plastic Surgery
Member, American Medical Association
Member, Southern Medical Association
Member, Louisiana State Medical Society
Member, Jefferson Parish Medical Society
Member, Orleans Parish Medical Society
Member, Louisiana Academy of Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery
Member, Louisiana Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
Member, Greater New Orleans Society for Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Member, LSU, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Alumni Association
Faculty Member, AO ASIF Maxillofacial Faculty
Member, New Orleans Surgical Society
Member, James D. Rives Surgical Society
Active Member, Southeastern Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
2005 James Barrett Brown Award
2001 New Orleans Surgical Society
2000 Faculty Member, AO ASIF Maxillofacial Faculty
2000 James D. Rives Surgical Society
1999, 2000, & 2002 Staff Member of the Year, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Louisiana State University Medical Center
1999 Induction into"International WHO'S WHO of Professionals", 2000 edition, September 1999.
1999 Southern Medical Association donated $1,000 for Awards of Medical Excellence Scholarship Program
1999 Fellow, American College of Surgeons
1998 Southern Medical Association - Paper Contest Winner, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Laryngotracheal Reconstruction Using the Myo-osseous Split Clavicular Flap
1997 Nominated for Allen Copping Excellence Award
1994 – 1995 John Staige Davis Plastic Surgery Resident Research Award, "The Passing of Rigid Fixation with Compression and Closed Reduction as Effective Alternatives in Mandibular Fracture Treatment"
1986 – 1987 Alpha Omega Alpha, LSU School of Medicine
1983-1987 Aesculapian Honor Society,Louisiana State University School of Medicine
1983-1987 History of Medicine Club, LSU School of Medicine
1981-1983 Delta Omega Honor Society, ETA Chapter, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
Co-Program Director, LSU Health Sciences Center, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Residency Program, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2001 – 2004.
Director of Departmental Development, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 1996 – 2004.
Director of Post Graduate Medical Education, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 1996-2004.
Co-Director of Residency Research, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1996 – 2004.
Chairman,First Annual Residents' Research and Alumni Day, Austin I. King, MD, Honored Guest Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology–Headand Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, June 7, 1997.
Course Director,Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Symposium: 1997 Update for the Practicing Otolaryngologist,A Program of the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, April 12, 1997.
Course Director,Craniomaxillofacial Surgery for the Third Millennium: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, October 18, 1997.
Course Director,The 5th Annual Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Symposium: 1998 Update for the Practicing Otolaryngologist,A Program of the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, April 18, 1998.
Chairman,Second Annual Residents Research and Alumni Day, E. Gaylon McCollough, MD, FACS, Honored Guest Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, June 13 1998.
Activity Coordinator,CME Accreditation for Otolaryngology Grand Rounds Conferences, Thursdays, 5:00 pm - 6:00 pm, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, July 1998 – 2004.
Course Director,The Second Annual Basic Craniomaxillofacial Surgery Symposium: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, October 17, 1998.
Healthcall Television Program,Treatment for Hypertrophic Scars,February, 1999.
Chairman,Third Annual Residents Research and Alumni Day, Carl H. Synderman, MD, Honored Guest Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, June 12 1999.
President, Alumni Association, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 1999-2001.
Editor,TheLSU Otolaryngology Departmental Newsletter, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 1999-2004.
Course Director,The 7th Annual Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Symposium: 2000 Update for the Practicing Otolaryngologist,A Program of the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, April 15, 2000.
Chairman,Fourth Annual Residents Research and Alumni Day, Moisés A. Arriaga, MD, FACS, Honored Guest Lecturer, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, June 10, 2000.
Course Director,Aging Face 2001-Facial Rejuvenation for the Third Millennium, University of Tennessee and Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, April 2001.
Sub-Investigator,The Clinical Investigation of Efficacy and Safety of a Chondrocyte Alginate Hydrogel (Chondrogel) for the Treatment of Vesicouretal Reflux in Pediatric Patients, The Clinical Trials Center, A Division of Children's Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 2001.
Co-Director, Burn Clinic of Children's Hospital, New Orleans, LA, 1997 - 2004.
Team Physician,NewOrleans Brass Hockey Team, 1997 - 2002.
Team Physician,NewOrleans Zephyrs Baseball Team, 1997 – 1999
Team Physician,New Orleans Hornets Basketball Team, 2002- 2005
Coach, Carrollton Little League Baseball Team, 1998, 1999, & 2000
Board Member, Jo Jo's Hope, 2002-present
Board of Trustees, St. George's Episcopal School, 2002 – 2006
Board of Directors, Blue Jay Athletic Club, Jesuit High School, 2007 - present
* Metzinger, S.E., Naughton, M.J., Howe, R.E., Howard, P.S., An Epidemiological Study of Maxillofacial Trauma at Carraway Methodist Medical Center, A Level I Trauma Center,Alabama Medicine,Vol 51(12), June 1988.
*Metzinger, S.E., Bailey, D.J., Boyce, R.G., Lyons, G.D., Local Anesthesia in Rhinoplasty: A New Twist?,Ear, Nose and Throat Journal. Vol. 71(9), September 1992.
*Garza, J.R., Baratta, R.V., Odinet, K., Metzinger, S.E., Bailey, D.J., Best, R., Whitworth, R., Trail, M.L., Impact Tolerances of the Rigidly Fixated Maxillofacial Skeleton,Annals of Plastic Surgery.Vol 30:212-216, 1993.
*Metzinger, S.E., Rigby, P.L., Bailey, D.J., Brousse R.G., Local Anesthesia in Blepharoplasty: A New Look?,Southern Medical Journal.Vol 87:225-227, 1992.
*Metzinger, S.E., Rigby, P.L., Simmons, M.J., Boyce R.G., An Epidemiologic Study of Maxillofacial Trauma at University Medical Center in Lafayette, A Regional Referral Center,Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society. Vol 146:3, 101-104, March 1994.
*Metzinger, S.E., Boyce, R.G., Rigby, P.L., Joseph, J.J., Anderson, J.R., Ethmoid Bone Sandwich Grafting for Caudal Septal Defects,Arch Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surg.Vol 120:1121-1125, 1994.
*Disa J.J., Metzinger S.E., Robertson B.C., Vander Kolk C.A., Manson P.N.: Transverse Glabellar Flap for Obliteration/Isolation of the Nasofrontal Ducts from the Anterior Cranial Base.Annals of Plastic Surgery, May, 1996.
*Campbell J.P., Metzinger S.E., McCollough E.G: Posterior Cervical Rhytidectomy.Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vol 116: 79-90, 1997.
*Parkins, C.W., Metzinger, S.E., Marks, H.W., Lyons,G.D.: Management of Late Extrusions of Cochlear Implants.Amer J Otol.Vol. 19 (6): 768-773, 1998.
*Clarke LF, Baker B, Trahan C, Myers L, Metzinger, SE.A Prospective Double-Blinded Study of Mederma Skin Care vs. Placebo for Post-Traumatic Scar Reduction.Cosm Dermatol. Vol 12(3): 19-26, 1999.
*Metzinger S.E., McCollough E.G., Campbell J.P., Rousso D.E.: Malar Augmentation: A 5-Year Retrospective Review of the Silastic Midfacial Malar Implant.Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.Vol 125: 980-987, September 1999.
*Metzinger S.E., Wolfer R.S., Disa J.J., Kupersmith J.E.,RobertsonB.C.: Recurrent Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Extremity.Southern Medical Journal, Vol 93(3):340-345, March 2000.
*Xie, C., Mehendale, N., Barrett, D., Bui, C.J., and Metzinger, S.E.:A 30 Year Retrospective Review of Frontal Sinus Fractures: The Charity Hospital Experience.J of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma, Vol 6(1): 7-15, 2000.
Xie, C., Mehendale, N., Barrett, D., Bui, C.J., and Metzinger, S.E.:A 30 Year Retrospective Review of Frontal Sinus Fractures: The Charity Hospital Experience.Children's Hospital Pediatric Review,Vol XIV (11), November 2000.
*Barratt, DM, Van Meter, K, Asmar P, Nolan, T, Trahan, C, Garcia-Covarrubias, L, and Metzinger, SE, Hyperbaric Oxygen as an Adjunct in Zygomycosis: Randomized Controlled Trial in a Murine Model.Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Vol 45 (12): 3601-3602, December 2001.
*Garcia-Covarrubias L, Barratt DM, Bartlett R, Metzinger SE, Van Meter, K. Invasive aspergillosis treated with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygenation: a retrospective clinical series at a single institution.South Med J.Vol 95(4): 450-6, April 2002.
*Guerra, AB, Metzinger, SE, Black, EB 3rd. Transconjunctival upper blepharoplasty: a safe and effective addition to facial rejuvenation techniques.Ann Plast Surg.Vol 58 (5): 528-33, May 2002.
*Guerra, AB, Khoobehi, K, Metzinger, SE, Allen, RJ. New Technique for Nipple Areola Reconstruction: Arrow Flap and Rib Cartilage Graft for Long-Lasting Nipple Projection.Ann Plast Surg.Vol 50 (1): 31-37, January 2003.
Metzinger, SE, Bidros, RS, Guerra, AB. The Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator-Scapular Osteocutaneous (TDAP-SOC) Flap for Reconstruction of Palatal and Maxillary Defects.Children's Hospital Pediatric Review,Vol XVII (3), March 2003.
*Davidson, JA, Metzinger, SE, Tufaro, AP, Dellon, AL.Clinical Implications of the Innervation of the Temporomandibular Joint.J Craniofac Surg. Vol 14(2): 235-239, March 2003.
*Guerra, AB, Berger, A 3rd, Black EB 3rd, Nguyen AH, Metzinger, RC, Metzinger, SE. The Bare Area of the Upper Conjunctiva: A Closer Look at the Anatomy of Transconjunctival Upper Blepharoplasty.Plast Reconstr Surg. Vol 111(5): 1717-22, April 2003.
*Roth, JM, Metzinger, SE.Quantifying the arch position of the female eyebrow.Arch Facial Plast Surg.Vol 5(3): 235-9, May-June 2003.
*Heitmann, C, Guerra AB, Metzinger, SE, Levin, LS, Allen, RJ. The Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Flap: Anatomic Basis and Clinical Application.Ann Plast Surg. Vol 51(1): 23-29, July 2003.
*Guerra, AB, Metzinger, SE, Bidros, RS, Gill, PS, Dupin, CL, Allen, RJ.Breast Reconstruction with Gluteal Artery Perforator (GAP) Flaps.Ann Plast Surg. Vol 51(5): 1-9, November 2003.
*Dupin, CL, Metzinger, SE, Rizzuto, R. Lip Reconstruction after Ablation for Skin Malignancies.Clin Plast Surg.Vol 31 (1): 69-85, January 2004.
*Guerra, AB, Metzinger, SE, Bidros, RS, Gill, PS, Dupin, CL, Allen, RJ. Breast Reconstruction with Gluteal Artery Perforator (GAP) Flaps: A Critical Analysis of 142 Cases.Ann Plast Surg.Vol 52(2): 118-125, February 2004.
Guerra, AB, Metzinger, SE. The Protruding Ear: Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment.Children's Hospital Pediatric Review,Vol XVIII (3), March 2004.
*Guerra, AB, Metzinger, SE, Bidros, RS, Rizzuto, RP, Gill, PS, Nguyen, AH, Dupin, CL, Allen, RJ. Bilateral Breast Reconstruction with the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator (DIEP) Flap: An Experience with 280 Flaps.Ann Plast Surg.Vol 52(3): 246-252, March 2004.
*Diaz, LM, Steele, MH, Guerra, AB, Aubert, FE, Sloop, GD, Diaz, HA, Metzinger, RC, Blake, DB, Delaune, CL, Metzinger, SE.The Role of Topically Administered FK506 (Tacrolimus) at the Time of Facial Nerve Repair Using Entubulation Neurorrhaphy in a Rabbit Model.Ann Plast Surg.Vol 52(4): 407-413, April 2004.
*Gill, PS, Hunt, JP, Guerra, AB, Dellacroce, FJ, Sullivan, SK, Boraski, J, Metzinger, SE, Dupin, CL, Allen, RJ. A 10-Year Retrospective Review of 758 DIEP Flaps for Breast Reconstruction.Plast Reconstr Surg. Vol 113(4): 1153-1160, April 2004.
*Guerra AB, Metzinger SE, Lund KM, Cooper MM, Allen RJ, Dupin CL. TheThoracodorsalArteryPerforator Flap: Clinical Experience andAnatomic Study with Emphasis on Harvesting Techniques.Plast ReconstrSurg.Vol114(1): 32-41, July 2004.
*Guerra AB, Metzinger SE. Use of the Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap in a 15-month-old Boy after Resection of Lymphatic Malformation. Jour PedsSurgVol39(9): 1428-1431, September 2004.
*Guerra AB, Metzinger SE, Metzinger RC, Xie C, Xie Y, Rigby PL, Naugle T. Variability of the Postauricular Muscle Complex: Analysis of 40 Hemicadaver Dissections.Arch FacialPlastSurg. Vol 6(5):342-347, September - October 2004.
*Guerra AB,SoueidN, Metzinger SE, Levine J,BidrosRS, Erhard H, AllenRj. Simultaneous Bilateral Breast Reconstruction With SuperiorGlutealArteryPerforator (SGAP) Flaps.AnnPlastSurg.Vol53(4): 305-310, October 2004.
*Bidros RS, Metzinger SE, Guerra AB.The thoracodorsal artery perforator-scapular osteocutaneous (TDAP-SOC) flap for reconstruction of palatal and maxillary defects.
Ann Plast Surg. Vol 54(1): 59-65, January 2005.
*Guerra AB, Gill PS, Trahan CG, Ruiz B, Lund KM, Delaune CL, Thibodeaux BA, Metzinger SE.Comparison of bacterial inoculation and transcutaneous oxygen tension in the rabbit S1 perforator and latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps.J Reconstr Microsurg. Vol 21(2): 137-143, February 2005.
*Hanemann M Jr, Simmons O, Jain S, Baratta R, Guerra AB, Metzinger SE.A comparison of combinations of titanium and resorbable plating systems for repair of isolated zygomatic fractures in the adult: a quantitative biomechanical study.Ann Plast Surg. Vol 54(4): 402-408, April 2005.
*Miller L, Guerra AB,BidrosRS, Trahan C, BarattaR, Metzinger SE.A comparison of resistance to fracture among four commercially available forms ofhydroxyapatitecement.AnnPlastSurg. Vol 55(1): 87-92, July 2005.
*Metzinger SE, Guerra AB, Garcia RE. Frontal Sinus fractures: management guidelines.Facial Plast Surg. Vol 21(3):199-206, August 2005.
*Guerra AB, Lyons GD, Dupin CL, Metzinger SE. Advantages of perforator flaps in reconstruction of complex defects of the head and neck.Ear Nose Throat J. Vol 84 (7): 441-447, July 2005.
*Guerra AB, Miller LA,SoueidNE, Metzinger SE.Laryngotrachealreconstruction using a rigidly fixated splitclavicularmyoosseousflap: a 10-year review.AnnPlastSurg. Vol 57(4): 402-407, October 2006.
*Jain SA, Simmons OP, Hanemann MS, Baratta RV, Guerra AB, Metzinger SE.Comparison of tensile strength of resorbable plating systems used in monocortical mandible angle osteotomy repair.Arch Facial Plast Surg. Vol 8(6): 390-395, November – December 2006.
*Metzinger, S.E. and Guerra, A.B. Diagnosing and treating nasal septal perforations.
Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Vol 25(5): 524-529, September2005.
*Gruber, R. P., Tabbal, N., Papel, I.D., Metzinger, S.E. Treatment of the aging nose.Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Vol 26 (5): 589-595, September 2006.
*Langsdon PR, Metzinger SE, Glickstein JS, Armstrong DL.Transblepharoplasty brow suspension: an expanded role.Ann Plast Surg. Vol 60(1): 2-5, January 2008.
*Metzinger, S.E. and Metzinger, R.C. Complications of Frontal Sinus Fractures.Journal of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and ReconstructionVol 2: 027-034, 2009.
*Metzinger, S.E., Parrish J., Guerra A., Zeph R. Autologous fat grafting to the lower one-third of the face. Facial Plastic Surg.2012 Aug;28(4):467-9.
*Kalliainen LK, Vidal DC, Aldea P, Bonawitz S, Chung K, Culbertson G, Damitz L, Deane L, Greco R, Hussussian C, Khan S, Kortesis B, Lee G,Metzinger S, Perdikis G, Ravin A, Reisman N, Rosolowski K, Schechter L, Schmitz D, Spiess A, Swanson J, Wooden W., ASPS clinical pactice guideline summary on reduction mammaplasty. Plastic Reconstr Surg. 2012 Oct;130(4):785-9.
*Tan P, Martin MS, Shank N, Myers L, Wolfe E, Lindsey J, Metzinger S.: A Comparison of 4 Analgesic Regimens for Acute Postoperative Pain Control in Breast Augmentation Patients, June 2017.
Southern Medical Association 86th Annual Scientific Assembly. Metzinger SE, Bailey DJ, Brousse RG: Local Anesthesia in Blepharoplasty: A New Look?,San Antonio, Texas, page 55, November 12-15, 1992.
6th International Symposium of Facial Plastic Surgery. Boyce RG, Metzinger SE: Local Anesthesia in Facial Plastic Surgery: The Search for Painless Injection. , San Francisco, California, page 47, June 16-20, 1993.
Southern Medical Association on 87th Annual Scientific Assembly. Cecola RP, Metzinger SE, Nuss DW: Blastomycosis of the Head and Neck: A Diagnostic Dilemma. New Orleans, Louisiana, page 89, October 28-31, 1993.
Southern Medical Association 87th Annual Scientific Assembly. Friedlander PL, Metzinger SE,NussDW: Tracheotomy in the Morbidly Obese Patient: Technical Considerations, New Orleans, Louisiana, page 92, October 28-31, 1993.
Southern Medical Association 87th Annual Scientific Assembly. Sobiesk JD, Metzinger SE, Nuss DW: Facial Nerve Perineural Invasion of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Dramatic Case Report and Literature Review. New Orleans, Louisiana, page 92, October 28-31, 1993.
Southern Medical Association 87th Annual Scientific Assembly. Friedlander PL, Metzinger SE,LyonsGD: Caustic Burns of the Esophagus, New Orleans, Louisiana, page 97, October 28-31, 1993.
Disa J.J., Metzinger S.E, Robertson B.C, Vander Kolk C.A, Manson P.N: Transverse Glabellar Flap for Obliteration/Isolation of the Nasofrontal Ducts from the Anterior Cranial Base.Northeastern Society of Plastic Surgery Annual Meeting, November 4, 1995.
Metzinger S.E., Wang B, Jedisiak A, Clark N, Slezak S, Robertson B, Manson P: The Passing of Rigid Fixation With Compression and Closed Reduction as Effective Alternatives in Mandibular Fracture Treatment. American Association of Plastic Surgeons 75th Anniversary Meeting, Hilton Head Island, SC, May 5-8, 1996.
Metzinger S.E., Tufaro A.P.,ClarkN.L., Robertson B., Manson P.N.: The "ESON" Classification of Nasal Fractures: A New System for Evaluation and Treatment of Nasal Fractures. American Association of Plastic Surgeons 75th Anniversary Meeting, Hilton Head Island, SC, May 5-8, 1996.
Metzinger, S.E., Wolfer, R.S., Disa, J.J., Kupersmith, J.E., Robertson, B.C.: Recurrent Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Upper Extremity: An Unusual Case Report and a Review of the Literature.Southern Medical Association's 92ndAnnual Scientific Assembly, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 19-22, 1998.
Metzinger, S.E., Friedlander, P.L., Doucet-Messina, M., Wall, F., and Lyons, G.D.: Laryngotracheal Reconstruction using the Split Clavicular Myoosseous Flap with Stenting.Southern Medical Association's 92ndAnnual Scientific Assembly, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 19-22, 1998.
Traxler, J, Doucet-Messina, M., and Metzinger, S.E.: Isolated Cricoid Fracture.Southern Medical Association's 92ndAnnual Scientific Assembly, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 19-22, 1998.
Guerra, A.B. and Metzinger, S.E.: Anatomy and Clinical Study of the Postauricular Fascia in Rhinoplasty. American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 76thAnnual Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, October 28, 2007.
Pamela Tan, MD; Morgan Martin, MD; Nina Chandnani, BA; Leann Myers, PhD; Emily Wolfe, MD; John Lindsey, MD; Stephen Metzinger, MD: Imagination inspires innovation. Southeasten Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, 59th Annual Scientific Meeting, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, June 11-15, 2016.
Metzinger SE, Parrish Jm, Guerra AB. Facial Fat Grafting Techniques. In Minimally Invasive and Office-Based Facial Plastic Surgery. Fedok FG, Carniol PG (eds). Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, NY (July 2013).
Nahai Third Volume Art of Aesthetic Surgery Chapter 58 Aesthetic Surgery of the Chin
Shiffman Nipple Areola Complex Reconstruction Chapter 61 Arrow Flap
Fedok & Carniol Minimally Invasive and Office-Based Procedures in Facial Plastic Surgery Chapter 19 Facial Liposculpture and Fat Grafting
Carniol Avram & Brauer Complications in Minimally Invasive Facial Rejuvenation Chapter 6 Fat Transfers'
Metzinger, S.E., Lawson, T.C., Laws, H.L., Massive Hemorrhage from Solitary Rectal Ulcer, Southern Medical Association Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, March 1988.
Metzinger, S.E., Howard, P.S., Body Sculpting with Suction Assisted Lipectomy: Is It Safe and Does It Work?,Alabama State Medical Society Meeting, Scientific Assembly, Birmingham, Alabama, November 1988.
Metzinger, S.E., Naughton, M.J., Howe, R.E., Howard, P.S., An Epidemiological Study of Maxillofacial Trauma at Carraway Methodist Medical Center, A Level I Trauma Center, American Trauma Society Meeting, New York, New York, December, 1988.
Metzinger, S.E., Roth, R.E., Lawson, T.C., Pre-operative Radiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer, Birmingham Surgical Society, Birmingham, Alabama, March 1989.
Metzinger, S.E., Metzinger, A.B., Nutrition in the Head and Neck Surgery Patient, Nutrition Grand Rounds, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, November, 1989.
Metzinger, S.E., Roth, R.E., Lawson, T.C., Pre-operative Radiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer, American College of Surgeons Spring Meeting Alabama Chapter, Point Clear, Alabama, May 1990.
Impact Tolerances of the Rigidly Fixated Maxillofacial Skeleton. Garza, J.R., Odinet, K., Metzinger, S.E., Baratta, R., Bailey, D.J., Presented at the AAFPRS Fall Meeting - Research Division, September 1991.
Metzinger, S.E., Rigby, P., Joseph, J., Anderson, J., Ethmoid Bone Sandwich Grafting for Caudal Septal Defects, AAFPRS, 1992 Fall Meeting - Washington, D.C., September 1992.
Metzinger, S.E., Bailey, D., Brousse, R., Local Anesthesia in Blepharoplasty: A New Look?,86th Annual Scientific Assembly of the Southern Medical Association, November 1992.
American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - 6th International Symposium of Facial Plastic Surgery, Local Anesthesia in Facial Plastic Surgery: The Search for PainlessInjection. Metzinger, S.E., Boyce, R.G., San Francisco, California, June 19, 1993.
Malar Augmentation: A Five Year Retrospective Review of the Silastic McGhan Midfacial Malar Implant (MMMI), Metzinger, S.E., McCollough E.G., Rousso D.E.Presented at the AAFPRS Fall Meeting - Research Division, September, 1994.
Campbell J.P., Metzinger S.E., McCollough E.G: Posterior Cervical Rhytidectomy. Presented at the AAFPRS Fall Meeting - Research Division, September, 1994
Disa J.J., Metzinger S.E., Robertson B.C., Vander Kolk C.A., Manson P.N.: Transverse Glabellar Flap for Obliteration/Isolation of the Nasofrontal Ducts from the Anterior Cranial Base.Northeastern Society of Plastic Surgery Annual Meeting, November 4, 1995.
Metzinger, S.E.: Nutrition Support for Cosmetic Surgery Patients. Presented at Tulane Medical Center hosted by the Tulane Dietetic Interns, New Orleans, Louisiana, January 19, 2000
Baromedical Research Institute of the JoEllen Smith Hospital - $5,000: Unrestricted grant: The Effects of Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Mortality in Rhino-cerebral Mucormycosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial in the Murine Model, Investigators: Diana Barratt, MD, MPH, Keith Van Meter, MD, Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS, Awarded June 1998.
Schering Laboratories - $5,000: Unrestricted grant: Study of Anterior Skull Base Anatomy,Investigators: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS, Daniel W. Nuss, MD, FACS,Awarded December 1999.
AO/ASIF Craniomaxillofacial - $5,000: The Role of Topically Administered FK506 (Tacrolimus) on Facial Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Transection and Entubulation Neurorrhaphy in a Rabbit Model,Investigators: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS and Matthew Steele, MD, Awarded November 27, 2000.
AO North America/ASIF-$2,500: The Role of Topically Administered FK506 (Tacrolimus) on Facial Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Transection and Entubulation Neurorrhaphy in a Rabbit Model, Investigators: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS and Matthew Steele, MD, Awarded October 2000.
StrykerLeibinger-$5,000: The Role of Topically Administered FK506 (Tacrolimus) on Facial Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Transection and Entubulation Neurorrhaphy in a Rabbit Model,Investigators: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS and Matthew Steele, MD, Awarded March 2002
AO/ASIF Craniomaxillofacial - $5,000: The Role of Topically Administered FK506 (Tacrolimus) on Facial Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Transection and Entubulation Neurorrhaphy in a Rabbit Model,Investigators: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS and Michael Diaz, MD, Awarded April 2002.
Inion Intelligent Solution - $7,000: Impact Tolerances of Various Hydroxyapatite Cements in a Cranioplasty Model, Investigator: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, FACS, August 2002.
AO/ASIF International - $30,000,P.I.: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD,Impact Tolerances of Various Hydroxyapatite Cements in a Cranioplasty Model- January 2003.
AO/ASIF North America - $15,000, P.I.: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, TensileStrength of Resorbable Plates in a Champy Mandibular Model - June 2003.
Stryker Leibinger - $15,000, P.I.: Stephen E. Metzinger, MD, TensileStrength of Resorbable Plates in a Champy Mandibular Model - June 2003.
Meetings/Continuing Education
March 1989 Current Clinical Concepts in Otolaryngology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Bal Harbour, Florida.
September 1989 American Academy of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery Annual Meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana.
July - August 1990 Biennial Symposium on Rhinoplasty, Portland Oregon
October 1990 Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
March 1991 Otolaryngology Laser Course, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana.
March 1991 Surgery of the Aging Face, American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Birmingham, Alabama.
April 1991 Louisiana - Mississippi Ophthalmological & Otolaryngological Society Annual Meeting, Biloxi, Mississippi.
November 1991 Open Structure Rhinoplasty, Calvin Johnson, M.D., New Orleans, Louisiana.
November 1991 Blepharoplasty Techniques, Tulane University Medical Center, Robert N. Axelrod, New Orleans, Louisiana.
November, 1992 86th Annual Scientific Assembly of Southern Medical Association, San Antonio, Texas.
April 1992 House Ear Institute, Temporal Bone Surgical Dissection Course, Los Angeles, California.
April 1992 Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meetings, Palm Desert, California.
September 1992 American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Annual Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C.
October 1992 American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Biannual Symposium on Advanced Rhinoplasty, Birmingham, Alabama.
October 1992 Eighth Head and Neck Surgery Workshop, sponsored by the Society of Head and Neck Surgeons and the American Society for Head and Neck Surgery, New Orleans, Louisiana.
June 1993 6th International Symposium of Facial Plastic Surgery, San Francisco, California.
October 1993 Southern Medical Association, 87th Annual Scientific Assembly, New Orleans, Louisiana.
March 1994 Hair Replacement Surgery: An International Symposium, Birmingham, Alabama.
August 1994 American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons: Basic Maxillofacial Course. Charlottesville, Virginia.
September 1994 American Academy of Facial, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fall Meeting: Sponsored by the Educational and Research Foundation for the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. San Diego, California.
April - May 1995 American Association of Plastic Surgeons, 74th Annual Meeting,SanDiego, CA.
July 1995 AO/ASIF Maxillofacial Course.Baltimore, Maryland.
March 1996 ASMS Craniofacial Surgery: State of the Art Symposium. New York, NY.
March 1996 ASPRS CPT Coding Workshop, New York, NY.
April 1996 5th Annual International Workshop on Aesthetic Surgery. Baltimore, Maryland.
May 1996 American Association of Plastic Surgeons 75th Anniversary Meeting.Hilton Head Island, SC.
April 1997 Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Symposium: 1997 Update for the Practicing Otolaryngologist, A Program of the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
June 1997 First Annual Residents' Research and Alumni Day, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
October 1997 Craniomaxillofacial Surgery for the Third Millennium: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
April 1998 The 5thAnnual Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Symposium: 1998 Update for the Practicing Otolaryngologist, A Program of the Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
May 1998 BoneSource US Users Meeting sponsored by Leibinger, Omni Mandalay Hotel, Dallas, Texas
June 1998 Second Annual Residents' Research and Alumni Day, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
October 1998 The Second Annual Basic Craniomaxillofacial Surgery Symposium: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
November 1998 20th Annual Francis E. LeJeune Lectureship, New Orleans, Louisiana.
June 1999 Third Annual Residents' Research and Alumni Day, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, LSU Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
October 1999 Aesthetic Surgery of the Face Symposium, PSEF/ASMS, New Orleans, Louisiana.
May 2002 8th International Symposium of Facial Plastic Surgery, New York, New York
November 2002 New Orleans Surgical Society Fall Meeting Scientific Sessions, Visiting Professor, Dr. Russell Postier (John Schilling Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma), LSU School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
November 2002 Association of Academic Chairman of Plastic Surgery Retreat and Residency Review Committee Workshop 2002, Chicago, Illinois.
December 2002 Endoscopic Approaches to Mandibular Fixation Workshop sponsored by Synthes Maxillofacial Rosemont Hyatt and Orthopaedic Learning Center, Rosemont, Illinois.
January 2003 AO ASIF Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction Course, Dallas, Texas.
April 2003 The 10th Annual Multi-University Course Rejuvenation of the Aging Face sponsored by University of Tennessee, Tampa, Florida.
November 2003 Maintaining Proper Boundaries, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
April 2005 University of Tennessee; Rhinoplasty 2005 – A Multi-University Course; Bluemle Life Sciences Building at Jefferson College; Philadelphia; PA
April 2005 The Rhinoplasty Society; 10thAnnual Meeting; New Orleans, Louisiana
April 2005 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery; 2005 Annual Meeting; New Orleans Convention Center; New Orleans, Louisiana
June 2005 The Foundation Group; Facial Cosmetic Surgery 2005: A Multi-Specialty Symposium; Bellagio Hotel; Las Vegas, Nevada
September 2005 ACLS Course, American Heart Association
October 2005 University of Tennessee; Achieving More Favorable Results in Facial Rejuvenation: The Bottom Line; Craft Farms Coastal Golf Resort; Gulf Shores, Alabama
April 2006 University of Tennessee; Latest Advances in Surgery of the Aging Face: A Multi-Specialty, Multi-University Course; Hilton Head, South Carolina
April 2006 The Rhinoplasty Society; 11thAnnual Meeting; Disney's Coronado Springs Resort; Orlando, Florida
April 2006 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery; 2006 Annual Meeting; Disney's Coronado Springs Resort; Orlando, Florida
May 2006 American Association of Plastic Surgeons; 85thAnnual Meeting; Westin Resort; Hilton Head, South Carolina
October 2006 AO North America; Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction; Redondo Beach, California
March 2007 University of Tennessee; Latest Advances in Facial Aesthetic Surgery, A Multi-Specialty, Multi-University Course; The Westin Resort Hilton Head Island; Hilton Head, South Carolina
April 2007 The Rhinoplasty Society; 12thAnnual Meeting; New York Marriott Marquis Times Square; New York, New York
April 2007 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery; 2007 Annual Meeting; Javits Convention Center; New York, New York
June 2007 Southeastern Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons; 2007 Annual Meeting; Sandestin Golf and Beach Resort; Destin, Florida
October 2007 American Society of Plastic Surgeons; Plastic Surgery Educational Foundation; Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation; Plastic Surgery 2007; Surgical and Non-Surgical Facial Rejuvenation Symposium; Baltimore Marriott Waterfront; Baltimore, Maryland
February 2008 University of Alabama – Birmingham; The 2ndWorld Congress of Rejuvenology: The State of the Art in Youthful Aging; McCollough Institute; Gulf Shores, Alabama
April 2008 American Association of Plastic Surgeons; 87thAnnual Meeting and Aesthetic Symposium; The Fairmont Copley Plaza Hotel / Back Bay Events Center; Boston, Massachusetts
October 2008 Pfiedler Enterprises; Multi-Specialty Surgical Management of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma; The Ritz Carlton Buckhead; Atlanta, GA
December 2008 AO North America; Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction; Hampton Inn and Suites; New Orleans, Louisiana
April 2009 University of Tennessee; Medical Aesthetics 2009; Atlanta, Georgia
May 2009 The Rhinoplasty Society; 14thAnnual Meeting; Mandalay Bay Hotel and Convention Center; Las Vegas, Nevada
May 2009 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery; 2009 Annual Meeting; Mandalay Bay Hotel and Convention Center; Las Vegas, Nevada
February 2017, CME Article: Secondary Breast Augmentation / American Society of Plastic Surgeons
March 2017, 2017 MOC-PS ® Exam Study Guide - Cosmetic Module 1 and 2: Core / American Society of Plastic Surgeons
March 2017, 24th Multi-Specialty Symposium State-of-the-Art Facial Aesthetics / Tulane University Center for Continuing Education
April 2017, ASAPS 50th Annual Meeting / ASAPS ASPS
April 2017 , The Rhinoplasty Society Annual Meeting 2017 / ASAPS
April 2017, MOC-PS Course: T203 - Customizing the Facelift Procedure for the Individual Patient / ASAPS
June 2017, ABPS MOC / AMA
February 2018, Surgical Error / LAMMICO
February 2018, Risk and Claims in Plastic Surgery I & II / LAMMICO
FFAS 2018 to meeting
American Board of Facial Plastic Surgery
American Board of Otolaryngology
American Society of Plastic Surgeons
American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
American Association of Plastic Surgeons
American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons
The Rhinoplasty Society
Co-chairman AOCMF meeting in Hearndon, VA
Invited Guest Leisures
May 1997 Invited Guest Lecturer - "Fundamentals of Rhinoplasty", Jackson, Mississippi.
May 1999 Invited Guest Lecturer - "Rhinoplasty 1999: A Multi-University Course",University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee.
April 2000 Invited Guest Lecturer - "Rhinoplasty 2000: A Multi-University Course", sponsored by University of Tennessee College of Medicine, held at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
May 2000 Invited Guest Lecturer - 16th Annual Dermatology Update & All That Jazz, Jazz Fest Conference presented by Tulane University Medical Center, Hotel Inter-Continental, New Orleans, Louisiana.
June 2000 Invited Guest Lecturer - LifeCell Corporation: Key Speaker Meeting,TheRitz-Carlton, Chicago, Illinois.
January 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer - Snowbird Symposium on Aesthetic and Reconstructive Facial Plastic Surgery – The New Millennium, Snowbird, Utah
March 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer - University of Mississippi, Plastic Surgery and Otolaryngology Grand Rounds – Alloderm Acellular Human Dermis, Jackson, Mississippi.
April 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer - Aging Face 2001-Facial Rejuvenation for the Third Millennium, Malar Augmentation and Anti-Aging Medicine: Reality or Fantasy?,New Orleans, Louisiana.
May 3, 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer, sponsored by LifeCell Corporation, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Grand Rounds - Alloderm Acellular Human Dermis, Houston, Texas.
May 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer - "Reliable Soft Tissue Regeneration-Fact or Fiction?" sponsored by LifeCell Corporation, Detroit Medical Center, Otolaryngology Department, Harper Hospital, Trauma Conference, Detroit, Michigan.
May 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer sponsored by LifeCell Corporation, Chicago, Illinois
July 2001 Invited Guest Lecturer sponsored by LifeCell Corporation, Medical College of Georgia Grand Rounds Conference, Augusta, Georgia.
April 2002 Invited Guest Lecturer - "Rhinoplasty 2002: A Multi University Course", sponsored by University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
January 2003 Invited Guest Lecturer, AO ASIF Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery,Fundamentals of Midface Buttress PlatingandFrontal Sinus Fractures, Doubletree Hotel at Lincoln Centre, Dallas, Texas.
April 2003 Invited Guest Lecturer, The 10th Annual Multi-University Course Rejuvenation of the Aging Face sponsored by University of Tennessee, Tampa, Florida
June 2005 Invited Guest Lecturer, The Foundation Group; Facial Cosmetic Surgery 2005; A Multi-Specialty Symposium; Bellagio Hotel; Las Vegas, Nevada
October 2005 Invited Guest Lecturer, University of Tennessee; Achieving More Favorable Results in Facial Rejuvenation: The Bottom Line; Craft Farms Coastal Golf Resort; Gulf Shores, Alabama
February 2008 Invited Guest Lecturer, University of Alabama – Birmingham; The 2ndWorld Congress of Rejuvenology; The State of the Art in Youthful Aging; McCollough Institute; Gulf Shores, Alabama
October 2008 Invited Guest Lecturer, Pfiedler Enterprises; Multi- Specialty Surgical Management of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma; The Ritz Carlton Buckhead; Atlanta, Georgia
December 2008 Invited Guest Lecturer, AO North America; Principles of Operative Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction; Hampton Inn and Suites; New Orleans, Louisiana
April 2009 Invited Guest Lecturer, University of Tennessee; Medical Aesthetics 2009; Atlanta, Georgia
May 2009 Invited Guest Lecturer, The Rhinoplasty Society; 14thAnnual Meeting; Mandalay Bay Hotel and Convention Center; Las Vegas, Nevada
Invited Reviewer Scientific Journal
Laryngoscope 2004 - Present
Aesthetic Surgery Journal 2006 - Present
Medical Center of Louisiana, formerly Charity Hospital, New Orleans
Memorial Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
Veterans Administration Medical Center; New Orleans, Louisiana
East Jefferson General Hospital, Metairie, Louisiana
Children's Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana
University Hospital, formerly Hotel Dieu Hospital, New Orleans, Louisiana
Houma Outpatient Surgery Center (SurgeryPlex), Metairie, Louisiana.
Thibodaux Regional Medical Center, Thibodaux, Louisiana
Physicians Surgical Specialty Hospital, Houma, Louisiana
Tulane Lakeside Hospital, Metairie, Louisiana
Greater New Orleans Surgery Center, Metairie, Louisiana
South Baldwin Regional Medical Center, Foley, Alabama
East Jefferson Ambulatory Surgery Center, Metairie, Louisiana
3223 8th St., Ste 200
Sat Close
Sun Close
©2016 Aesthetic Surgical Associates


10. "Screw the game...........Rosie's on!"
9. "Excuse me, sir. We're really, really lost. Could you give us directions?"
8. "I don't really care for beer...too filling. White wine for me please."
7. "Honey.........you up for some shoe shopping?"
6. "Oh, sure she's great looking, but what about her personality, hmmm?"
5. "I'm just feeling so fat right now. I think I'll get a nice salad instead."
4. "I can't go out tonight! I've got nothing to wear!"
3. "Well, I was reading Cosmo, and it said........."
2. "Um, Joe? Do you ever get that not-so-fresh feeling?"
"A greeting card?! Why, this is way better than power tools!!"
I think my daughter knows the old man pretty well. BTW, there was a Woodcraft gift certificate with the card.
How about... Does this toolbelt make me look fat?
"Let's just see what the manual has to say before we put this thing together."
"This car model has too much power for me. Show me something smaller and in blue."


While other nonprofit arts spaces struggle to stay afloat, S1 has lasted four years. This weekend, it's celebrating by hosting a series of performances and workshops. The anniversary also marks almost a year that S1 has been at its new location, squeezed in between a dive bar and vape shop on Northeast Sandy Boulevard and 73rd Avenue. Last spring, S1 was forced to move out of it Hollywood District basement due to tighter fire-code regulations put in place after the Ghost Ship warehouse fire in Oakland, which killed dozens of people.


text:
#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/aomd.h"
#include "access/aosegfiles.h"
#include "access/appendonly_compaction.h"
#include "access/genam.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "access/transam.h"
#include "access/tuptoaster.h"
#include "catalog/catalog.h"
#include "catalog/indexing.h"
#include "catalog/pg_appendonly_fn.h"
#include "cdb/cdbappendonlyam.h"
#include "cdb/cdbvars.h"
#include "commands/vacuum.h"
#include "executor/executor.h"
#include "nodes/execnodes.h"
#include "storage/procarray.h"
#include "storage/lmgr.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/relcache.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"

/*
 * Drops a segment file.
 *
 * Actually, we just truncate the segfile to 0 bytes, to reclaim the space.
 * Before GPDB 6, we used to remove the file, but with WAL replication, we
 * no longer have a convenient function to remove a single segment of a
 * relation. An empty file is as almost as good as a non-existent file. If
 * the relation is dropped later, the code in mdunlink() will remove all
 * segments, including any empty ones we've left behind.
 */
static void
AppendOnlyCompaction_DropSegmentFile(Relation aorel, int segno)
{
	char		filenamepath[MAXPGPATH];
	int32		fileSegNo;
	File		fd;

	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel));

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Drop segment file: segno %d", segno);

	/* Open and truncate the relation segfile */
	MakeAOSegmentFileName(aorel, segno, -1, &fileSegNo, filenamepath);

	fd = OpenAOSegmentFile(aorel, filenamepath, fileSegNo, 0);
	if (fd >= 0)
	{
		TruncateAOSegmentFile(fd, aorel, fileSegNo, 0);
		CloseAOSegmentFile(fd);
	}
	else
	{
		/*
		 * The file we were about to drop/truncate didn't exist. That shouldn't
		 * happen, but the end result is what we wanted. Assert so that we will
		 * find out if this happens, after all, in testing. In production, we'd
		 * rather keep running.
		 */
		elog(LOG, "could not truncate segfile %s, because it does not exist", filenamepath);
		Assert(false);
	}
}

/*
 * Calculates the ratio of hidden tuples as a double between 0 and 100
 */
static double
AppendOnlyCompaction_GetHideRatio(int64 hiddenTupcount, int64 totalTupcount)
{
	double		hideRatio;

	if (hiddenTupcount == 0 || totalTupcount == 0)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	hideRatio = ((double) hiddenTupcount) / ((double) totalTupcount) * 100.0;
	return hideRatio;
}

/*
 * Returns true iff the given segment file should be compacted.
 */
bool
AppendOnlyCompaction_ShouldCompact(
								   Relation aoRelation,
								   int segno,
								   int64 segmentTotalTupcount,
								   bool isFull)
{
	bool		result;
	AppendOnlyVisimap visiMap;
	int64		hiddenTupcount;
	double		hideRatio;

	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aoRelation) || RelationIsAoCols(aoRelation));

	if (!gp_appendonly_compaction)
	{
		ereport(LOG,
				(errmsg("Append-only compaction skipped on relation %s, segment file num %d",
						RelationGetRelationName(aoRelation),
						segno),
				 errdetail("Compaction is disabled")));
		/* Disable compaction by global guc. */
		return false;
	}

	AppendOnlyVisimap_Init(&visiMap,
						   aoRelation->rd_appendonly->visimaprelid,
						   aoRelation->rd_appendonly->visimapidxid,
						   ShareLock,
						   SnapshotNow);
	hiddenTupcount = AppendOnlyVisimap_GetSegmentFileHiddenTupleCount(
																	  &visiMap, segno);

	result = true;
	if (isFull && hiddenTupcount > 0)
	{
		/*
		 * if it is a full vacuum and there is any obsolete data, do a
		 * compaction
		 */
		result = true;
	}
	else
	{
		hideRatio = AppendOnlyCompaction_GetHideRatio(hiddenTupcount, segmentTotalTupcount);
		if (hideRatio <= gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold || gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold == 0)
		{
			if (hiddenTupcount > 0)
			{
				ereportif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
						  (errmsg("Append-only compaction skipped on relation %s, segment file num %d, "
								  "hidden tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", total tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", "
								  "hide ratio %lf%%, threshold %d%%",
								  RelationGetRelationName(aoRelation),
								  segno,
								  hiddenTupcount, segmentTotalTupcount,
								  hideRatio, gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold)));
				ereport(LOG,
						(errmsg("Append-only compaction skipped on relation %s, segment file num %d",
								RelationGetRelationName(aoRelation),
								segno),
						 errdetail("Ratio of obsolete tuples below threshold (%lf%% vs %d%%)",
								   hideRatio, gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold)));
			}
			else
			{
				ereportif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
						  (errmsg("Append-only compaction skipped on relation %s, segment file num %d, "
								  "hidden tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", total tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", "
								  "hide ratio %lf%%, threshold %d%%",
								  RelationGetRelationName(aoRelation),
								  segno,
								  hiddenTupcount, segmentTotalTupcount,
								  hideRatio, gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold)));
			}
			result = false;
		}
		elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
			   "Schedule compaction: "
			   "segno %d, "
			   "hidden tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", total tupcount " INT64_FORMAT ", "
			   "hide ratio %lf%%, threshold %d%%",
			   segno,
			   hiddenTupcount, segmentTotalTupcount,
			   hideRatio, gp_appendonly_compaction_threshold);
	}
	AppendOnlyVisimap_Finish(&visiMap, ShareLock);
	return result;
}

/*
 * AppendOnlySegmentFileTruncateToEOF()
 *
 * Assumes that the segment file lock is already held.
 *
 * For the segment file is truncates to the eof.
 */
static void
AppendOnlySegmentFileTruncateToEOF(Relation aorel,
								   FileSegInfo *fsinfo)
{
	const char *relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);
	File		fd;
	int32		fileSegNo;
	char		filenamepath[MAXPGPATH];
	int			segno;
	int64		segeof;

	Assert(fsinfo);
	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel));

	segno = fsinfo->segno;
	relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);
	segeof = (int64) fsinfo->eof;

	/* Open and truncate the relation segfile to its eof */
	MakeAOSegmentFileName(aorel, segno, -1, &fileSegNo, filenamepath);

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Opening AO relation \"%s.%s\", relation id %u, relfilenode %u (physical segment file #%d, logical EOF " INT64_FORMAT ")",
		   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(aorel)),
		   relname,
		   aorel->rd_id,
		   aorel->rd_node.relNode,
		   segno,
		   segeof);

	fd = OpenAOSegmentFile(aorel, filenamepath, fileSegNo, segeof);
	if (fd >= 0)
	{
		TruncateAOSegmentFile(fd, aorel, fileSegNo, segeof);
		CloseAOSegmentFile(fd);

		elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
			   "Successfully truncated AO ROW relation \"%s.%s\", relation id %u, relfilenode %u (physical segment file #%d, logical EOF " INT64_FORMAT ")",
			   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(aorel)),
			   relname,
			   aorel->rd_id,
			   aorel->rd_node.relNode,
			   segno,
			   segeof);
	}
	else
	{
		elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
			   "No gp_relation_node entry for AO ROW relation \"%s.%s\", relation id %u, relfilenode %u (physical segment file #%d, logical EOF " INT64_FORMAT ")",
			   get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(aorel)),
			   relname,
			   aorel->rd_id,
			   aorel->rd_node.relNode,
			   segno,
			   segeof);
	}
}

static void
AppendOnlyMoveTuple(MemTuple tuple,
					TupleTableSlot *slot,
					MemTupleBinding *mt_bind,
					AppendOnlyInsertDesc insertDesc,
					ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo,
					EState *estate)
{
	AOTupleId  *oldAoTupleId;
	Oid			tupleOid;
	AOTupleId	newAoTupleId;

	Assert(resultRelInfo);
	Assert(slot);
	Assert(mt_bind);
	Assert(estate);

	oldAoTupleId = (AOTupleId *) slot_get_ctid(slot);
	/* Extract all the values of the tuple */
	slot_getallattrs(slot);

	tupleOid = MemTupleGetOid(tuple, mt_bind);
	appendonly_insert(insertDesc,
					  tuple,
					  tupleOid,
					  &newAoTupleId);

	/* insert index' tuples if needed */
	if (resultRelInfo->ri_NumIndices > 0)
	{
		ExecInsertIndexTuples(slot, (ItemPointer) &newAoTupleId, estate, true);
		ResetPerTupleExprContext(estate);
	}

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, DEBUG5,
		   "Compaction: Moved tuple (%d," INT64_FORMAT ") -> (%d," INT64_FORMAT ")",
		   AOTupleIdGet_segmentFileNum(oldAoTupleId), AOTupleIdGet_rowNum(oldAoTupleId),
		   AOTupleIdGet_segmentFileNum(&newAoTupleId), AOTupleIdGet_rowNum(&newAoTupleId));
}

void
AppendOnlyThrowAwayTuple(Relation rel,
						 MemTuple tuple,
						 TupleTableSlot *slot,
						 MemTupleBinding *mt_bind)
{
	AOTupleId  *oldAoTupleId;

	Assert(slot);
	Assert(mt_bind);

	oldAoTupleId = (AOTupleId *) slot_get_ctid(slot);
	/* Extract all the values of the tuple */
	slot_getallattrs(slot);

	if (MemTupleHasExternal(tuple, mt_bind))
	{
		toast_delete(rel, (GenericTuple) tuple, mt_bind);
	}

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, DEBUG5,
		   "Compaction: Throw away tuple (%d," INT64_FORMAT ")",
		   AOTupleIdGet_segmentFileNum(oldAoTupleId), AOTupleIdGet_rowNum(oldAoTupleId));
}

/*
 * Assumes that the segment file lock is already held.
 * Assumes that the segment file should be compacted.
 *
 */
static void
AppendOnlySegmentFileFullCompaction(Relation aorel,
									AppendOnlyInsertDesc insertDesc,
									FileSegInfo *fsinfo)
{
	const char *relname;
	AppendOnlyVisimap visiMap;
	AppendOnlyScanDesc scanDesc;
	TupleDesc	tupDesc;
	MemTuple	tuple;
	TupleTableSlot *slot;
	MemTupleBinding *mt_bind;
	int			compact_segno;
	int64		movedTupleCount = 0;
	ResultRelInfo *resultRelInfo;
	EState	   *estate;
	AOTupleId  *aoTupleId;
	int64		tupleCount = 0;
	int64		tuplePerPage = INT_MAX;

	Assert(Gp_role == GP_ROLE_EXECUTE || Gp_role == GP_ROLE_UTILITY);
	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel));
	Assert(insertDesc);

	compact_segno = fsinfo->segno;
	if (fsinfo->varblockcount > 0)
	{
		tuplePerPage = fsinfo->total_tupcount / fsinfo->varblockcount;
	}
	relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);

	AppendOnlyVisimap_Init(&visiMap,
						   aorel->rd_appendonly->visimaprelid,
						   aorel->rd_appendonly->visimapidxid,
						   ShareUpdateExclusiveLock,
						   SnapshotNow);

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction,
		   LOG, "Compact AO segno %d, relation %s, insert segno %d",
		   compact_segno, relname, insertDesc->storageWrite.segmentFileNum);

	/*
	 * Todo: We need to limit the scan to one file and we need to avoid to
	 * lock the file again.
	 *
	 * We use SnapshotAny to get visible and invisible tuples.
	 */
	scanDesc = appendonly_beginrangescan(aorel,
										 SnapshotAny, SnapshotNow,
										 &compact_segno, 1, 0, NULL);

	tupDesc = RelationGetDescr(aorel);
	slot = MakeSingleTupleTableSlot(tupDesc);
	mt_bind = create_memtuple_binding(tupDesc);

	/*
	 * We need a ResultRelInfo and an EState so we can use the regular
	 * executor's index-entry-making machinery.
	 */
	estate = CreateExecutorState();
	resultRelInfo = makeNode(ResultRelInfo);
	resultRelInfo->ri_RangeTableIndex = 1;	/* dummy */
	resultRelInfo->ri_RelationDesc = aorel;
	resultRelInfo->ri_TrigDesc = NULL;	/* we don't fire triggers */
	ExecOpenIndices(resultRelInfo);
	estate->es_result_relations = resultRelInfo;
	estate->es_num_result_relations = 1;
	estate->es_result_relation_info = resultRelInfo;

	/*
	 * Go through all visible tuples and move them to a new segfile.
	 */
	while ((tuple = appendonly_getnext(scanDesc, ForwardScanDirection, slot)) != NULL)
	{
		/* Check interrupts as this may take time. */
		CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();

		aoTupleId = (AOTupleId *) slot_get_ctid(slot);
		if (AppendOnlyVisimap_IsVisible(&scanDesc->visibilityMap, aoTupleId))
		{
			AppendOnlyMoveTuple(tuple,
								slot,
								mt_bind,
								insertDesc,
								resultRelInfo,
								estate);
			movedTupleCount++;
		}
		else
		{
			/* Tuple is invisible and needs to be dropped */
			AppendOnlyThrowAwayTuple(aorel,
									 tuple,
									 slot,
									 mt_bind);
		}

		/*
		 * Check for vacuum delay point after approximately a var block
		 */
		tupleCount++;
		if (VacuumCostActive && tupleCount % tuplePerPage == 0)
		{
			vacuum_delay_point();
		}
	}

	SetFileSegInfoState(aorel, compact_segno, AOSEG_STATE_AWAITING_DROP);

	AppendOnlyVisimap_DeleteSegmentFile(&visiMap, compact_segno);

	/* Delete all mini pages of the segment files if block directory exists */
	if (OidIsValid(aorel->rd_appendonly->blkdirrelid))
	{
		AppendOnlyBlockDirectory_DeleteSegmentFile(aorel,
												   SnapshotNow,
												   compact_segno,
												   0);
	}

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Finished compaction: "
		   "AO segfile %d, relation %s, moved tuple count " INT64_FORMAT,
		   compact_segno, relname, movedTupleCount);

	AppendOnlyVisimap_Finish(&visiMap, NoLock);

	ExecCloseIndices(resultRelInfo);
	FreeExecutorState(estate);

	ExecDropSingleTupleTableSlot(slot);
	destroy_memtuple_binding(mt_bind);

	appendonly_endscan(scanDesc);
}

/*
 * Checks if the correct relation lock is held.
 * It does so be acquiring the lock in a no-wait mode.
 * If it didn't hold the lock before, it is released immediately.
 */
bool
HasLockForSegmentFileDrop(Relation aorel)
{
	LockAcquireResult acquireResult = LockRelationNoWait(aorel, AccessExclusiveLock);

	switch (acquireResult)
	{
		case LOCKACQUIRE_ALREADY_HELD:
			return true;
		case LOCKACQUIRE_NOT_AVAIL:
			return false;
		case LOCKACQUIRE_OK:
			UnlockRelation(aorel, AccessExclusiveLock);
#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
			acquireResult = LockRelationNoWait(aorel, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
			if (acquireResult != LOCKACQUIRE_ALREADY_HELD)
			{
				elog(ERROR, "Don't hold access exclusive lock during drop");
				return false;
			}
#endif
			return false;
		default:
			Insist(false);
			return false;
	}
}

/*
 * Performs a compaction of an append-only relation.
 *
 * In non-utility mode, all compaction segment files should be
 * marked as in-use/in-compaction in the appendonlywriter.c code.
 *
 */
void
AppendOnlyDrop(Relation aorel, List *compaction_segno)
{
	const char *relname;
	int			total_segfiles;
	FileSegInfo **segfile_array;
	int			i,
				segno;
	FileSegInfo *fsinfo;

	Assert(Gp_role == GP_ROLE_EXECUTE || Gp_role == GP_ROLE_UTILITY);
	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel));

	relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Drop AO relation %s", relname);

	/* Get information about all the file segments we need to scan */
	segfile_array = GetAllFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, &total_segfiles);

	for (i = 0; i < total_segfiles; i++)
	{
		segno = segfile_array[i]->segno;
		if (!list_member_int(compaction_segno, segno))
		{
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Try to get the transaction write-lock for the Append-Only segment
		 * file.
		 *
		 * NOTE: This is a transaction scope lock that must be held until
		 * commit / abort.
		 */
		LockRelationAppendOnlySegmentFile(
										  &aorel->rd_node,
										  segfile_array[i]->segno,
										  AccessExclusiveLock,
										  false);

		/* Re-fetch under the write lock to get latest committed eof. */
		fsinfo = GetFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, segno);

		if (fsinfo->state == AOSEG_STATE_AWAITING_DROP)
		{
			Assert(HasLockForSegmentFileDrop(aorel));
			Assert(!HasSerializableBackends(false));
			AppendOnlyCompaction_DropSegmentFile(aorel, segno);
			ClearFileSegInfo(aorel, segno,
							 AOSEG_STATE_DEFAULT);
		}
		pfree(fsinfo);
	}

	if (segfile_array)
	{
		FreeAllSegFileInfo(segfile_array, total_segfiles);
		pfree(segfile_array);
	}
}

/*
 * Truncates each segment file to the AO relation to its EOF.
 * If we cannot get a lock on the segment file (because e.g. a concurrent insert)
 * the segment file is skipped.
 */
void
AppendOnlyTruncateToEOF(Relation aorel)
{
	const char *relname;
	int			total_segfiles;
	FileSegInfo **segfile_array;
	int			i,
				segno;
	LockAcquireResult acquireResult;
	FileSegInfo *fsinfo;

	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel));

	relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Compact AO relation %s", relname);

	/* Get information about all the file segments we need to scan */
	segfile_array = GetAllFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, &total_segfiles);

	for (i = 0; i < total_segfiles; i++)
	{
		segno = segfile_array[i]->segno;

		/*
		 * Try to get the transaction write-lock for the Append-Only segment
		 * file.
		 *
		 * NOTE: This is a transaction scope lock that must be held until
		 * commit / abort.
		 */
		acquireResult = LockRelationAppendOnlySegmentFile(
														  &aorel->rd_node,
														  segfile_array[i]->segno,
														  AccessExclusiveLock,
														   /* dontWait */ true);
		if (acquireResult == LOCKACQUIRE_NOT_AVAIL)
		{
			elog(DEBUG5, "truncate skips AO segfile %d, "
				 "relation %s", segfile_array[i]->segno, relname);
			continue;
		}

		/* Re-fetch under the write lock to get latest committed eof. */
		fsinfo = GetFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, segno);

		/*
		 * This should not occur since this segfile info was found by the
		 * "all" method, but better to catch for trouble shooting (possibly
		 * index corruption?)
		 */
		if (fsinfo == NULL)
			elog(ERROR, "file seginfo for AO relation %s %u/%u/%u (segno=%u) is missing",
				 relname,
				 aorel->rd_node.spcNode,
				 aorel->rd_node.dbNode,
				 aorel->rd_node.relNode,
				 segno);

		AppendOnlySegmentFileTruncateToEOF(aorel, fsinfo);
		pfree(fsinfo);
	}

	if (segfile_array)
	{
		FreeAllSegFileInfo(segfile_array, total_segfiles);
		pfree(segfile_array);
	}
}

/*
 * Performs a compaction of an append-only relation.
 *
 * In non-utility mode, all compaction segment files should be
 * marked as in-use/in-compaction in the appendonlywriter.c code. If
 * set, the insert_segno should also be marked as in-use.
  * When the insert segno is negative, only truncate to eof operations
 * can be executed.
 *
 * The caller is required to hold either an AccessExclusiveLock (vacuum full)
 * or a ShareLock on the relation.
 */
void
AppendOnlyCompact(Relation aorel,
				  List *compaction_segno,
				  int insert_segno,
				  bool isFull)
{
	const char *relname;
	int			total_segfiles;
	FileSegInfo **segfile_array;
	AppendOnlyInsertDesc insertDesc = NULL;
	int			i,
				segno;
	FileSegInfo *fsinfo;

	Assert(Gp_role == GP_ROLE_EXECUTE || Gp_role == GP_ROLE_UTILITY);
	Assert(insert_segno >= 0);

	relname = RelationGetRelationName(aorel);

	elogif(Debug_appendonly_print_compaction, LOG,
		   "Compact AO relation %s", relname);

	/* Get information about all the file segments we need to scan */
	segfile_array = GetAllFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, &total_segfiles);

	insertDesc = appendonly_insert_init(aorel, insert_segno, false);

	for (i = 0; i < total_segfiles; i++)
	{
		segno = segfile_array[i]->segno;
		if (!list_member_int(compaction_segno, segno))
		{
			continue;
		}
		if (segno == insert_segno)
		{
			/* We cannot compact the segment file we are inserting to. */
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Try to get the transaction write-lock for the Append-Only segment
		 * file.
		 *
		 * NOTE: This is a transaction scope lock that must be held until
		 * commit / abort.
		 */
		LockRelationAppendOnlySegmentFile(
										  &aorel->rd_node,
										  segfile_array[i]->segno,
										  AccessExclusiveLock,
										  false);

		/* Re-fetch under the write lock to get latest committed eof. */
		fsinfo = GetFileSegInfo(aorel, SnapshotNow, segno);

		/*
		 * This should not occur since this segfile info was found by the
		 * "all" method, but better to catch for trouble shooting (possibly
		 * index corruption?)
		 */
		if (fsinfo == NULL)
			elog(ERROR, "file seginfo for AO relation %s %u/%u/%u (segno=%u) is missing",
				 relname,
				 aorel->rd_node.spcNode,
				 aorel->rd_node.dbNode,
				 aorel->rd_node.relNode,
				 segno);

		if (AppendOnlyCompaction_ShouldCompact(aorel,
											   fsinfo->segno, fsinfo->total_tupcount, isFull))
		{
			AppendOnlySegmentFileFullCompaction(aorel,
												insertDesc,
												fsinfo);
		}
		pfree(fsinfo);
	}

	appendonly_insert_finish(insertDesc);

	if (segfile_array)
	{
		FreeAllSegFileInfo(segfile_array, total_segfiles);
		pfree(segfile_array);
	}
}

/*
 * Returns true if the relation has no tuples.  Prepare phase of
 * compaction invokes this function on each QE.
 *
 * Examples of empty tables:
 * 1. parent of a partitioned table
 * 2. table that is created but no tuples have been inserted yet
 * 3. table from which all existing tuples are deleted and the table
 * is vacuumed.  This is a special case in which pg_aoseg_<oid> has
 * non-zero number of rows but tupcount value is zero for all rows.
 */
bool
AppendOnlyCompaction_IsRelationEmpty(Relation aorel)
{
	Relation	pg_aoseg_rel;
	TupleDesc	pg_aoseg_dsc;
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	HeapScanDesc aoscan;
	int			Anum_tupcount;
	bool		empty = true;

	Assert(RelationIsAoRows(aorel) || RelationIsAoCols(aorel));

	pg_aoseg_rel = heap_open(aorel->rd_appendonly->segrelid, AccessShareLock);
	pg_aoseg_dsc = RelationGetDescr(pg_aoseg_rel);
	aoscan = heap_beginscan(pg_aoseg_rel, SnapshotNow, 0, NULL);
	Anum_tupcount = RelationIsAoRows(aorel) ? Anum_pg_aoseg_tupcount : Anum_pg_aocs_tupcount;
	while ((tuple = heap_getnext(aoscan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL &&
		   empty)
	{
		if (0 < fastgetattr(tuple, Anum_tupcount,
							pg_aoseg_dsc, NULL))
			empty = false;
	}
	heap_endscan(aoscan);
	heap_close(pg_aoseg_rel, AccessShareLock);
	return empty;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


One thing that always strikes me is how the people that live in the country hereabouts seem not to appreciate, not to "get" the place they live in. Probably it's a case of "familiarity breeds contempt", it's because the countryside is for them a given, worse, it's their workplace, but most people are not really interested in observing the landscape. Possibly the most aware of the rural landscape are hunters and poachers, because they are always on the lookout for places where, sooner or later, they will come with their guns and their dogs.
As a geologist, I have a good grasp of the general landscape-building phenomena, and today, as we could not walk very briskly, I took some time browsing the landscape like a book, for the delectation (and probably, at length, the boredom) of my companions. I pointed out fluvial erosion, ancient and recent human impacts, etc.
We spotted a fox, very shy, and saw a few herons and what I think was a kestrel, as the sun went down. But I found out I am very inadequate where the local flora and fauna are concerned.
I have a few John Seymour books I bought second hand (yes, I'm cheap) when I moved to the these hills, because I am the sort of guy that thinks everything can be learned from a book. The Countryside Explained is a lovely book from 1977, and the later The Lore of the Land looks to me like the book that launched a million small local museums of country living. Seymour's books are very British-centric – just as British-centric as Tristan Gooley's books about landscape and navigation.
I still hope, one day, to be able to develop my own guide to these hills, for hikers and picnic-goers.
But anyway, it was good go back to the open air after the long winter.
Now, a hot tea and a book. Tomorrow we're back into the rat race.


text:
Sinclair Joins White House Effort On Drone Innovation, Leads Broadcast Industry In Using Drones For Newsgathering
WASHINGTON, Aug. 2, 2016 — Sinclair Broadcast Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: SBGI) today joined leaders in government and industry to examine the commercial applications for unmanned aircraft systems. Sinclair was the only broadcaster to be invited to the White House workshop, "Drones and the Future of Aviation."
At the event, Sinclair committed to support drone safety through the "Know Before You Fly" campaign by broadcasting public service announcements on its stations nationwide. The "Know Before You Fly" campaign was created by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) and the Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA) in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to educate prospective users about the safe and responsible operation of drones.
Sinclair was an early leader among broadcasters seeking to advance the use of drones by journalists. In 2014, the company began working with the Mid-Atlantic Aviation Partnership (MAAP) at Virginia Tech to develop safety protocols for newsgathering and to train its journalists how to fly drones in real-life scenarios. This program grew to involve 16 media companies working with Virginia Tech, one of six test sites established by Congress to collect aircraft and flight data from small drones.
Earlier this year, Sinclair joined national stakeholders and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) to develop best practices for commercial drone use. Sinclair worked to garner consensus on the final "Voluntary Best Practices for UAS Privacy, Transparency, and Accountability" in May 2016, which appropriately balances privacy concerns and the First Amendment freedoms guaranteed under the Constitution.
With the adoption of the FAA's final rules for small drones in June 2016, Sinclair will expand its training program to 22 pilots, focusing on the safe operation of drones for newsgathering by journalists. Sinclair also plans to collaborate with Virginia Tech on advanced equipment safety and share with them compilations of flight data from news-based drone operations.
About Sinclair:
Sinclair is one of the largest and most diversified television broadcasting companies in the country. Including pending transactions, the Company owns, operates and/or provides services to 173 television stations in 81 markets, broadcasting 484 channels and having affiliations with all the major networks. Sinclair is the leading local news provider in the country, as well as a producer of live sports content. Sinclair's content is delivered via multiple-platforms, including over-the-air, multi-channel video program distributors, and digital platforms. The Company regularly uses its website as a key source of Company information which can be accessed at www.sbgi.net.
To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/sinclair-joins-white-house-effort-on-drone-innovation-leads-broadcast-industry-in-using-drones-for-newsgathering-300307943.html

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


DR DOPING sells medicines, vitamins, nootropics, additives, brevoxyl pret crema nizoral and other healthy products at the international level.
DR DOPING continuously strives to improve your online shopping experience. Initially, our company promoted the benefits of doping Mildronate and alesse 28 monographie de boeny; hence the name - DR DOPING. We are confident that the DR DOPING offers the best conditions for the ordering of health products available on the market.


text:
NC State Wins Grant to Help Develop Next Generation of Community College Leaders
March 23, 2015 | Kylie Cafiero
Support from John M. Belk Endowment Allows Partnership
with Aspen Institute to Boost Development Program
As a number of top community college leaders across North Carolina prepare to retire, the John M. Belk Endowment has awarded North Carolina State University a $525,000 grant for a professional development program for the next generation of community college leaders.
Envisioning Excellence for Community College Leadership is a two-year project designed to strengthen community colleges by developing exceptional leaders. NC State will partner with The Aspen Institute, a nationally renowned educational and policy studies organization, and with North Carolina community college leaders, to integrate evidence-based best practices into its leadership training programs primarily targeted for department chairs, deans, administrators and doctoral students.
"Excellent leaders make an exceptional difference in student success," said Dr. Robert Templin, former president of nationally renowned Northern Virginia Community College, who joins the NC State faculty for this initiative through a joint appointment with The Aspen Institute. "Investing in community college leaders now will pay dividends for decades to come by strengthening North Carolina's middle class and contributing to the state's economic prosperity."
Research shows community colleges with the highest levels of student success have exceptionally talented leaders, whose expertise enables them to inspire student, academic and organizational excellence. At the same time, a significant number of North Carolina's community college presidents and other senior leaders are set to retire over the next five years. NC State sees this reality as a challenge as well as an opportunity to align its professional development program with ambitious goals for student success.
"The success of any community college comes down to the quality of its President and top leadership, so the John M. Belk Endowment supports efforts that will give these leaders opportunities to learn new and proven best practices," said Kristy Teskey, the Endowment's executive director. "The best predictor of student success is whether they have great instructors – and great instructors must be identified, nurtured and supported by excellent college leaders."
Based in Charlotte, N.C., the John M. Belk Endowment seeks to transform postsecondary education to meet evolving workforce needs. Named for its founder and former CEO of the Belk department store company, the Endowment supports organizations that provide opportunities for all students and help them attain college degrees and other credentials relevant to workforce demands.
NC State's project team includes Drs. Mary Ann Danowitz, head of the Department of Leadership, Policy, Adult and Higher Education; Audrey Jaeger, professor of Higher Education; Duane Akroyd, professor; Susan Barcinas, associate professor; James Bartlett, associate professor; and Diane Chapman, teaching associate professor of Adult, Workforce and Continuing Graduate Professional Education, and Robert Templin, professor of practice and Community College Executive in Residence.
"We are thrilled to be partnering with our community colleges to develop and apply innovative approaches to prepare leaders to transform community colleges to increase student success and labor market outcomes for thousands of North Carolinians," said Danowitz. "This ambitious and important project is at the heart of NC State's mission to create and apply knowledge and leadership for social, economic and technological development across North Carolina and around the world."
ELPHD


text:
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <copyright file="SimulatedFailureException.cs" company="Naos Project">
//    Copyright (c) Naos Project 2019. All rights reserved.
// </copyright>
// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

namespace Naos.Diagnostics.Domain
{
    using System;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;

    /// <summary>
    /// Custom exception to use for testing failures in a way that is easy to identify later.
    /// </summary>
    [Serializable]
    public class SimulatedFailureException : Exception
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="SimulatedFailureException"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        public SimulatedFailureException()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="SimulatedFailureException"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="info">Serialization info.</param>
        /// <param name="context">Streaming context.</param>
        protected SimulatedFailureException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
            : base(info, context)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="SimulatedFailureException"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message">Exception message.</param>
        public SimulatedFailureException(string message)
            : base(message)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="SimulatedFailureException"/> class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message">Exception message.</param>
        /// <param name="innerException">Inner exception.</param>
        public SimulatedFailureException(string message, Exception innerException)
            : base(message, innerException)
        {
        }
    }
}


text:
Toggle Summary 12/16/14 Avista Corp. Announces First Quarter 2015 Stock Repurchase Program
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 12/16/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) today announced that its board of directors has approved the repurchase of up to 800,000 shares of the company's outstanding common stock, commencing on Jan. 2, 2015 , and continuing through March 31, 2015 .
Toggle Summary 11/25/14 Avista Receives Approval of Settlement Increasing Washington Electric and Natural Gas Rates
New Rates Will Take Effect Jan. 1, 2015 SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 11/26/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) received approval, with minor changes, from the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (Commission or UTC) on the all-party settlement agreement that was filed on Aug.
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 11/15/14 -- Avista Corp.'s (NYSE: AVA) board of directors has declared a quarterly dividend of $0.3175 per share on the company's common stock. The common stock dividend is payable Dec. 15, 2014 , to shareholders of record at the close of business on Dec. 4, 2014 .
Toggle Summary 11/05/14 Avista Corp. Reports Financial Results for Third Quarter and Year-to-Date 2014, Confirms 2014 Earnings Guidance, Initiates 2015 Earnings Guidance
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 11/05/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) today reported net income attributable to Avista Corp. shareholders of $10.5 million , or $0.16 per diluted share for the third quarter of 2014, compared to $11.4 million , or $0.19 per diluted share for the third quarter of
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 10/06/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) will hold its quarterly conference call and webcast to discuss third quarter 2014 results on Wednesday, Nov. 5, 2014 , at 10:30 a.m. Eastern Time . A news release with third quarter 2014 earnings information will be issued at
Toggle Summary 09/15/14 Avista Makes Annual Price Adjustment Request in Idaho
Request Would Decrease Natural Gas Prices Effective Nov. 1, 2014 SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 09/15/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) customers in Idaho could see an overall 2.1 percent decrease in their natural gas rates on Nov. 1, 2014 if the Idaho Public Utilities Commission (IPUC or Commission)
Requests Reflect a Slight Decrease in Electric Rates, and a Slight Increase in Natural Gas Rates SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 09/12/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) filed its annual Residential Exchange Program and Purchased Gas Cost Adjustment ( PGA ) requests that would result in a 0.6 percent
Toggle Summary 09/02/14 Avista Requests Recovery of Costs for Providing Service in Oregon
Capital Investments in Infrastructure and Technology Drive Request for Rate Increase SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 09/02/14 -- Capital investments in natural gas infrastructure and technology led Avista (NYSE: AVA) to file a request today with the Public Utility Commission of Oregon (PUC) to
Toggle Summary 08/29/14 Avista Files 2014 Natural Gas Integrated Resource Plan
Plan Strives to Balance Long-Term Natural Gas Resources With Customers' Future Energy Needs SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 08/29/14 -- Avista has filed its 2014 Natural Gas Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) with state regulators in Washington , Idaho and Oregon .
Toggle Summary 08/18/14 Avista Reaches All-Party Settlement Agreement in Washington Electric and Natural Gas Rate Requests
New Rates Would Take Effect Jan. 1, 2015 SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 08/18/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) and all of the parties in the company's electric and natural gas general rate case filings have reached a settlement agreement that, if approved by the Washington Utilities and Transportation
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 08/08/14 -- Avista Corp.'s (NYSE: AVA) board of directors has declared a quarterly dividend of $0.3175 per share on the company's common stock. The common stock dividend is payable Sept. 15, 2014 to shareholders of record at the close of business on Aug. 21, 2014 .
Toggle Summary 08/06/14 Avista Corp. Reports Financial Results for Second Quarter and Year-To-Date 2014, Raises 2014 Earnings Guidance
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 08/06/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) today reported net income attributable to Avista Corp. shareholders of $100.9 million , or $1.67 per diluted share for the second quarter of 2014, compared to $25.7 million , or $0.43 per diluted share for the second quarter of
Toggle Summary 07/31/14 Avista Requests Natural Gas Rate Increase for Oregon Customers in Annual Cost Adjustment Filing
Request Reflects Change in Costs for Natural Gas Commodity SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/31/14 -- Avista's (NYSE: AVA) approximately 96,000 customers in Oregon could see an overall increase of 10.4 percent in their natural gas rates effective Nov.
Changes Would Increase Electric Prices Effective Oct. 1, 2014 SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/30/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) customers would see an increase in their electric rates on Oct. 1, 2014 , if the Idaho Public Utilities Commission (IPUC or Commission) approves two rate adjustment
Toggle Summary 07/14/14 Avista Reaches Settlement to Extend Current Rate Plan in Idaho
Proposal Would Result in No Base Retail Rate Increase for Customers Prior to 2016 SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/14/14 -- Avista (NYSE: AVA) and all other participating parties have reached a settlement agreement that, if approved by the Idaho Public Utilities Commission (IPUC or Commission),
Toggle Summary 07/14/14 Janet D. Widmann Appointed to Avista Corp. Board of Directors
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/14/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) announced that Janet D. Widmann , age 47, has been appointed to the Avista Corp. Board of Directors effective Aug. 2, 2014 . She will stand for election to the board at the 2015 annual meeting of shareholders. Ms.
Toggle Summary 07/09/14 Avista Releases 2014 Shared Value Report
Content Highlights a Legacy 125 Years in the Making SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/09/14 -- Avista Utilities , the regulated utility business of Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) , has released "125 Years of Shared Value," its 2014 corporate responsibility and sustainability report.
Toggle Summary 07/08/14 Avista Corp. Second Quarter 2014 Earnings Conference Call and Webcast Announced
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/08/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) will hold its quarterly conference call and webcast to discuss second quarter 2014 results on Wednesday, Aug. 6, 2014 , at 10:30 a.m. Eastern Time . A news release with second quarter 2014 earnings information will be issued at
Toggle Summary 07/01/14 Avista Corp. Completes Acquisition of Alaska Energy and Resources Company
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/01/14 -- Avista Corp (NYSE: AVA) today announced that it has closed on its acquisition of Alaska Energy and Resources Company (AERC) based in Juneau, Alaska . AERC is now a wholly-owned subsidiary of Avista Corp. The primary subsidiary of AERC is Alaska Electric
Toggle Summary 07/01/14 Avista Corp. Closes Sale of Ecova, Inc. to Cofely USA Inc.
SPOKANE, WA -- ( Marketwired ) -- 07/01/14 -- Avista Corp. (NYSE: AVA) today announced that its non-regulated subsidiary, Avista Capital , has closed on its sale of Ecova, Inc. to Cofely USA Inc. , an indirect subsidiary of GDF SUEZ , a French multinational utility company.


text:
HELPFUL RESOURCES: PREPARING A COMPETITIVE FELLOWSHIP APPLICATION
The Fellowships Office of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is often made aware of other sources that provide assistance with the preparation of competitive applications for national fellowship competitions such as the Ford Foundation Fellowships. Fellowship applicants have informed us that they have found the following publications to be particularly helpful (reprinted with permission; all in .pdf format):
Preparing a Successful Fellowship or Grant Application
by Ernesto Chávez, Miroslava Chávez-García and Luis Alvarez; as published in the August 2009 newsletter of the Organization of American Historians
Scholarly Pursuits: A Guide to Professional Development During the Graduate Years (excerpt)
by Cynthia Verba; a publication of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University
How to Win a Graduate Fellowship
by Michael Kiparsky; Chronicle Careers, The Chronicle of Higher Education
How to Prepare for Prestigious National Scholarships
University Honors College, Office of National Scholarships and International Education, New Mexico State University


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THE next five weeks for Leeds United are the epitome of a make-or-break period and the continuation of their present form might render their season broken.
Leeds play six of the Championship's top-eight clubs in their next seven games, an examination which leaves nowhere to hide.
Leeds have nowhere to hide as it is having failed to win since Boxing Day and they start a crucial glut of fixtures with a four-point deficit to Fulham in sixth, but Stuart Dallas preferred to class February as a chance to shake up the division. United host Cardiff City on Saturday and will meet Sheffield United, Bristol City and Derby County before the end of this month. League leaders Wolverhampton Wanderers will come to Elland Road on March 7.
Thomas Christiansen's squad are in uncomfortable fettle, in terms of form and the availability of players, and a goalless draw at Hull City on Tuesday marked a fifth league game without a victory.
Dallas, who played at right-back for most of that game after Conor Shaughnessy was stretchered from the pitch, admitted that Leeds were in a position where they had to "stop the rot" but denied that a lack of momentum would be telling in the matches ahead.
"I keep hearing people saying 'February is a big month' and if we don't do this then where will we end up," he said. "But if we go and have positive results, where do we sit? Does anybody think of that?
"Everybody's saying 'if we lose here or lose there' but what if we win? It's a different ball game.
Christiansen had no argument with a draw at Hull after an adept performance from goalkeeper Felix Wiedwald dealt with the best of City's chances.
Shaughnessy's injury after three minutes left Pontus Jansson as Christiansen only available centre-back, forcing Gaetano Berardi to partner Jansson and Dallas to moonlight as a full-back.
The boys are positive and we're four points off the play-offs. February is a massive month.
Dallas missed two months of the season after suffering an ankle injury on international duty with Northern Ireland in November and last started in the Championship in October.
"I've been a long time out so it was always going to be a big ask to come on and play the full game," he said.
"I'm lacking a bit of fitness but I'm only going to get it back by playing games.
Dallas said United's resilience during a forgettable game at the KCOM Stadium deserved recognition. "None of us in the team have said it was a good performance but we showed a lot of balls," he insisted. "We showed a lot of courage and we can build on that.