text:
Creditors Rights and Remedies in Guernsey, Channel Islands
In this article, consultant John Greenfield, partner David Jones and associate Steven Balmer, examine innovative mechanisms by which creditors may seek to investigate secure assets held in Guernsey structures. In the second part of the article, the authors look particularly at companies and how the traditional insolvency regimes may be employed in aid of creditors but also at how the use of share security may unlock certain doors. However, in the offshore world it is often the case that the creditor is required to do some "trust busting" because the structure to be enforced against will involve a trust holding ownership/control of a holding company which in turn will control and own underlying companies/assets. The paper starts, therefore, with a real life example of how innovative advice helped protect creditors in such a structure.
Receivership Orders as an aid in asset recovery against trust assets
The problem to be resolved here is that the Guernsey trust is not a legal entity in its own right and the shares of any company or other asset in the trust will be owned legally by the trustee. It is first essential to understand where the creditor fits in with what can be a complex structure and in particular with what parts of that structure has the creditor a legal relationship to enable it to enforce payment of the debt. More often than not, the debtor will be the settlor and/or the principal beneficiary of the trust and not the trustee. This creates a problem for the creditor who may not have a direct relationship – contractual or otherwise – with the trustee which actually is the owner of the assets to be recovered. In this situation, Guernsey law has a common law remedy (very similar to the statutory regime in the United Kingdom) which will come to the rescue, providing the necessary circumstances exist. Essentially, it is necessary that the trust funds were placed in the trust when the settlor had good reason to believe that he would not be able to pay all his debts as they fell due. In this situation the Court will order the assets to become available for enforcement removing the legal ownership by the trustee even though the trustee was not the actual debtor.
In the case where the trustee is actually the debtor in its capacity as trustee of a particular settlement different issues can arise. In the fairly unusual (and factually very complex) case of Glenalla & Others v. Investec Trust Company Limited & Others [2018] UKPC 7, a settlement created for a Robert Tchenguiz and his family, different but urgent remedies were needed to protect the position of a creditor (the liquidators of the claimant companies – Grant Thornton) where the validity of the debt was in dispute. In other words, the creditor was not yet at the stage of being able to take any formal legal action to recover assets for payment of the debt but was still categorised as a "contingent creditor" until able to obtain a final undisputed Court judgment. In fact, it took over seven years and a hearing before the Privy Council in London before the creditors in this case became undisputed judgment creditors for a sum in excess of £200 million including interest.
The trust assets contained an eclectic range of investments and assets from Mr Tchenguiz's personal family home to highly geared derivative investments and credit default swaps. Many were highly sophisticated investments which needed very regular and frequent management and investment decisions during that seven year period. To further complicate matters, the settlor (Mr Tchenguiz) hired and fired the trustees on a number of occasions during the seven year period and the claimant creditors were not content to let investment decisions be taken by trustees seen to be firmly in the camp of the ultimate debtor. The claimant creditor needed to be able to exercise control over the investments whether that was to include sale, lease, further acquisitions, etc. The Guernsey Court, and ultimately the Privy Council, were faced with an extremely interesting challenge in finding the right balance between the interests of the beneficiaries of the trust (should the claimant's action ultimately fail) and the interest of the creditors.
The Guernsey Court determined that the answer lay in applying a type of Receivership regime which bore certain similarities to that found in relation to companies. From late 2012 until the Privy Council hearing in 2018, Carey Olsen succeeded in obtaining and holding Court Orders whereby all but the Tchenguiz family home was transferred into the legal ownership and control of a professional receiver/insolvency practitioner nominated by the creditors (and therefore removed from the control of the trustees). This was an extremely important and innovative approach by the Guernsey Courts and gave the creditors considerable comfort that the assets upon which they were wishing to enforce once judgment had been confirmed would still have the value that they could reasonably expect.
This is a classic example of the Courts applying a flexible solution to aid the creditors up to the time of enforcement when other normal remedies would then come into play. We now turn to look at Guernsey's statutory insolvency regime as part of the recovery toolkit and the proposed changes to it.
The Guernsey Insolvency Regime as an aid to asset recovery - companies
The key to a successful fraud investigation and subsequent recoveries is often the speed with which control can be asserted over companies, their management, assets and records. The Guernsey insolvency regime, if utilised correctly, offers effective tools in that control-taking process.
Overview of available procedures
Guernsey's corporate insolvency regime is contained within the Companies (Guernsey) Law 2008, as amended (the Companies Law). The Companies Law provides for three insolvency processes, namely: administration, voluntary liquidation and compulsory liquidation. The regimes will be broadly similar to those familiar with the English insolvency regime save for a number of fundamental differences that may offer assistance in fraud investigations or with asset recoveries.
A company may be put into administration at the request of the company, the directors of the company, any member of the company, any creditor of the company (including contingent or prospective creditors), and the Guernsey Financial Services Commission. Guernsey statutory administration provisions are contained at Part XXI, ss.374 to 390 of the 2008 Law. The Royal Court has jurisdiction to make an administration order if satisfied that:
the company concerned "does not satisfy or is likely to become unable to satisfy the solvency test" [see s.374(1)(a)]; and
the "…making of an order under this section may achieve one or more of the purposes set out in subsection (3)" [see s.374(1)(b)].
The "purposes" which an administration order seeks to achieve under s.374(3)(a) and (b) are:
the "survival of the company and the whole or any part of its undertaking, as a going concern", or
a "more advantageous realisation of the company's assets than would be effected on a winding up".
The main effect of an application for an administration order would be the implementation of a court sanctioned moratorium against resolutions for the winding up of the company, and on the commencement or continuance of proceedings against the company concerned (without leave of the court) during the period between the presentation of the application and the making of the actual administration order. The granting of the administration order itself would provide the company with the continued benefit of this moratorium (save with the consent of the administrator or leave of the court). Critically, however the moratorium does not affect a secured creditor's right to enforce its security.
Compulsory Winding Up/Liquidation
The main grounds for the compulsorily winding up of a company are that inter alia:
the company is unable to pay its debts within the meaning given in s.407 of the Companies Law or otherwise fails the 'solvency test'; or
the court is of the opinion that it is "just and equitable" that the company be wound up.
An application for the compulsory winding-up of a company may be made to the Court by the company, any director, member, creditor or any other "interested party". There is no need for a detailed analysis of the liquidation regime for the purposes of this article given its effect will be familiar to most, i.e. it triggers a starting gun for a realisation of assets and payments in accordance with the statutory order of priorities. It does, however, hand control of the company to a third party liquidator who will be afforded investigatory powers (as to which see later) and certain statutory remedies with regard to antecedent transactions and delinquent conduct of directors.
Voluntary Winding Up
A Guernsey company may be voluntarily wound up by means of a special resolution of its shareholders (passed by a majority of 75%). A copy of the special resolution must be filed at the Guernsey Companies Registry within 30 days who will publish notice on its website. The process can be utilised in respect of insolvent companies albeit it is purely shareholder-driven and does not involve any Court supervision. The process is very light-touch in terms of creditor and member engagement, and is designed to serve as a simple mechanism for finalising a company's affairs.
The company must appoint a liquidator by ordinary resolution (passed by a majority of 50% plus 1) to wind up the affairs of the company and fix his remuneration. This can be done in the same special resolution resolving to wind up. The liquidator need not be a qualified insolvency practitioner nor resident in Guernsey. In fact it can be any legal person and there is currently no need for independence. Whilst there is obvious risk of abuse of the regime in those circumstances, it also offer a route into a Guernsey company for an overseas insolvency practitioner who may be appointed in another jurisdiction to an overseas parent or may be engaged by a concerned creditor holding security over the Guernsey company's shares.
Incoming changes to the Guernsey insolvency regime
In January 2020, the States of Guernsey approved the Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008 (Insolvency) (Amendment) Ordinance, 2020 ('the Ordinance'). The Ordinance was designed to further enhance Guernsey's reputation as a robust jurisdiction for restructuring and insolvency. Among the many key changes being introduced is the introduction of new powers for liquidators who will be able to compel the production of documents from directors and officers and to appoint an Inspector of the Court to examine directors and company officers. The proposed changes presented a significant "beefing up" of the statutory investigatory powers available to insolvency office holders in Guernsey bringing them broadly in line with those available under the section 235 and 236 of the English Insolvency Act 1986. This ability to compel the production of information and documentation will prove a vital tool in any investigation of wrongdoing and subsequent recovery action.
A further important change will be the introduction of a formal statutory remedy by which office holders will now be able to pursue recovery of transactions at an undervalue and extortionate credit transactions - a power notable by its absence in the current regime.
Another important change is the ability to wind up a non-Guernsey company. Under the existing regime, there is no ability for the Royal Court to wind up a non-Guernsey registered company. In light of Guernsey's modern status as an international finance centre providing administration and asset management services to many foreign companies, this was a lacuna in the law which has now been filled. This change brings Guernsey in line with other major jurisdictions and will allow the Royal Court to apply the Guernsey regime to foreign companies where they have a sufficient connection to the jurisdiction. It provides comfort to those doing business with entities operating or with assets in Guernsey but not registered here, that they will have access to the jurisdiction's insolvency regime if necessary.
Finally, we examine an often overlooked tool in terms of securing control in the form of enforcing share security.
Using Share Security to Take Control
Security over shares in a Guernsey company must be created by a security interest agreement that complies with the Securities Interests (Guernsey) Law, 1993 (the 'Securities Law'). Typically, the security will involve possession of the share certificates and an assignment of the voting rights. In the event of a default in the lending sufficient to crystallise enforcement remedies, the Securities Law only specifies a power of sale or application as the only available method of enforcement. There is no concept of receivership in Guernsey in this context. As such, the security holder will have the right to take possession of the shares in discharge of a debt or with a view to a sale of them Guernsey's statute is express in not requiring Court approval for the exercise of the statutory powers of sale or application.
In a normal enforcement scenario in default of a debt, the security holder may look to sell shares to pay down debt or may consider applying the shares by housing them in some other vehicle to enable it to realise value whilst preserving the group structure. However, where there are concerns about the activities of management and potential fraud, share security may also offer a quick and effective route to denude delinquent directors of control but also to secure information for investigative purposes. Ultimately, the liquidator may also be afforded statutory causes of action to recover assets otherwise unavailable to a shareholder.
One way in would, of course, be for a security holder to take possession of shares and "perfect" its security by demanding that it be placed onto the shareholder register pursuant to its possessory rights. In that way, the security holder would become the shareholder of record and would be able to exercise all voting rights attaching to the shares accordingly. However, taking this step may present its own challenges in terms of ensuring compliance by the company or its corporate administrator and in terms of the security holder having the appetite for taking ownership of shares. For example, it is unlikely that a retail bank will acquiesce to becoming the owner of shares in an offshore structure.
Whilst there are ways around the ownership conundrum, about which we could write a separate paper, there is another potential option. The security documents themselves will provide a host of powers for the lender to assist it in the enforcement of the security. Those powers will often include the right to direct the borrower to vote the shares in a particular way and an acknowledgment from the company itself that it will comply with that direction. The documents may also give a power of attorney to the security holder to exercise its rights without recourse to the company.
As a result, the holder of the security may be able to exercise the voting rights which in turn may permit it (dependent on the percentage shareholding it controls) to:
replace a board or appoint a director; or
commence a voluntary liquidation process and appoint a liquidator to take control of the company.
As set out above, this is particularly useful in Guernsey where the voluntary winding up process can be used without a declaration of solvency, i.e. for an insolvent company in terms of giving control and access to records. The remedy is also instant in that the appointment will commence the moment the resolution is passed and as such circumvents the time involved in the Court process. The option always remains to convert a voluntary liquidation to a compulsory at a later date by application to the Court.
This method has been successfully used for Guernsey entities that own UK real estate where there is a default in the lending that has led to the appointment of a LPA receiver a UK real estate asset but gaining control of the holding company is important for information gathering or to prevent the incumbent directors from undermining the receivership.
There are, of course, issues to be considered in advance of using the security powers not least, the statutory requirements that may go along with a change of shareholder. For example, The Beneficial Ownership of Legal Persons (Guernsey) Law 2017 requires the resident agent of a company to take reasonable steps to ascertain the identity of the beneficial owners of a company and keep records of them. Security holders have to be prepared to provide CDD information this CDD information if they are to be entered onto the share register. However, utilising share security is an often overlooked tool in the box that can be very effective.
Guernsey has pursued a policy over many years now to be user friendly to creditors seeking to recover the debt owed to them by entities subject to Guernsey Court jurisdiction, whether companies or trusts. The creditor has an array of weapons in his armoury and should not be afraid to use them.
This article was originally published in the ICC FraudNet Commercial Crime Services Global Report 2021.
Service Area: Dispute Resolution and Litigation Fraud and Asset Tracing Restructuring and Insolvency
Authors: John Greenfield David Jones Steven Balmer
John Greenfield
Consultant, Guernsey
E Email John
Steven Balmer
Associate, Guernsey
E Email Steven


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Home Politics Biden fires Social Safety chief Andrew Saul, a Trump appointed worker
Biden fires Social Safety chief Andrew Saul, a Trump appointed worker
New York businessman Andrew Saul testifies before the Senate Finance Committee during his hearing as Commissioner for Social Security Administration in the Dirksen Senate Office Building on Capitol Hill October 02, 2018 in Washington, DC.
Chip Somodevilla | Getty Images
President Joe Biden fired the social security chief on Friday after the official appointed by former President Donald Trump refused to resign.
The White House said Social Security Commissioner Andrew Saul "undermined and politicized" the agency's benefits, including which justified his dismissal. Saul's deputy, David Black, who was also appointed by Trump, resigned on Friday at the request of the White House.
"Since taking office, Commissioner Saul has undermined and politicized social security disability benefits, terminated the agency's teleworking policy used by up to 25 percent of the agency's workforce, failed to terminate the SSA's relationships with relevant federal employee unions, including in the context of COVID- repaired. 19 Occupational safety planning, reduced protection from due process in appeal hearings and other actions taken that run counter to the agency's mandate and the president's political agenda, "the White House said.
However, Saul told the Washington Post that he would like to get back to work on Monday.
CNBC policy
Read more about CNBC's political coverage:
"This was the first time I or my deputy knew about it," Saul told the newspaper, referring to the email he received Friday morning from the White House Human Resources office. "It was a bolt of lightning that nobody expected. And at the moment it has left the agency in a state of turmoil."
Saul, 74, is a longtime Republican donor, a former vice chairman of the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority and a wealthy businessman who turned over women's clothing company Cache.
The president named Kilolo Kijakazi, currently deputy commissioner for pensions and disability policies, as acting commissioner, a White House official told NBC News.
Kijakazi previously worked as a fellow at the Urban Institute, as a program officer for the Ford Foundation, and as a senior policy analyst for the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. A search for the Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner will be carried out.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: KineticJS cancel drag instead of stop drag? I have a kinetic stage and some objects that each are draggable. (See fiddle for example.)
My goal is to allow the user to always be able to middle click to pan the entire stage whether or not he middle clicks on empty space or on any shape drawn to the stage. I need to do this in a way that doesn't break the drag events of existing shapes. Meaning I need the shape dragStart and dragEnd events to be processed normally, but only on left click drag.
I'm able to detect the middle click event on the stage and call dragStop() on the shape if the drag was initiated on one, but calling dragStop() means that the dragstop event is fired and processing occurs on the shape.
// let's pretend that a mouse doesn't have more than 9 buttons
var mouseDown = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
var mouseDownCount = 0;
document.body.onmousedown = function(evt) {
  ++mouseDown[evt.button];
  ++mouseDownCount;
}
document.body.onmouseup = function(evt) {
  --mouseDown[evt.button];
  --mouseDownCount;
}

stage.on('dragstart', function(e){
    if(mouseDownCount){
        if(mouseDown[0]){
            // Left mouse button drag

            if (e.target.nodeType == 'Stage'){
                // stop the drag for left click
                e.target.stopDrag();
            }

        } else if (mouseDown[1]){
            // Middle mouse button drag
            if (e.target.nodeType != 'Stage'){
                // stop the drag of the object for left click
                e.target.listening(false);
                e.target.stopDrag();
                e.target.listening(true);

                // start the stage drag
                e.target.getStage().startDrag()
            }

        }
    }
});

Is there a way to cancel the dragStart event after it has been fired, or in some other way tell dragEnd to not fire? I've tried setting e.target.listening(false) prior to calling dragStop, but that doesn't seem to be working.
Any ideas?

A: Try to use latest version from GitHub. It has functionality only with left mouse button.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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INSIDE LEG 28" TAKEN UP. JEANS SIZING CHART. 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42. RISE 10.5".
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The Legal Services hotline number (1-800-310-7029) for Hurricanes Irma and Maria is available Monday-Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Central Time, (10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. local time) for both English and Spanish callers. Calls for legal assistance will be forwarded to an attorney. Callers will not be able to speak directly with an attorney over the hotline number.
Advocacy for disaster assistance grants from FEMA and other federal agencies.
DLS is provided for survivors of presidentially declared major disasters through a Memorandum of Agreement between FEMA and the Young Lawyer's Division of the American Bar Association. DLS cases that are received by FEMA are referred to private attorneys through a lawyer referral service.
To apply for disaster assistance, please call 1-800-621-FEMA (3362), or visit www.disasterassistance.gov.


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text:
Q: AMLS Experiment run stuck in status "Running" I made an Azure Machine Learning Service Experiment run and logged neural network losses with Jupyter Notebook. Logging worked fine and NN training completed as it should. However, the experiment is stuck in the running status. Shutting down the compute resources does not shut down the Experiment run and I cannot cancel it from the Experiment panel. In addition, the run does not have any log-files.
Has anyone had the same behavior? Run has now lasted for over 24 hours.

A: this totally happens from time to time. it is certainly frustrating especially because the "Cancel" button it grayed out. You can use either the CLI or Python SDK  to cancel the run.
SDK
>= 1.16.0
As of version 1.16.0 you no longer an Experiment object is no longer needed. Instead you can access using the Run or Workspace objects directly
from azureml.core import Workspace, Experiment, Run, VERSION
print("SDK version:", VERSION)

ws = Workspace.from_config()

run = ws.get_run('YOUR_RUN_ID')
run = Run().get(ws, 'YOUR_RUN_ID') # also works
run.cancel()

< 1.16.0
from azureml.core import Workspace, Experiment, Run, VERSION
print("SDK version:", VERSION)

ws = Workspace.from_config()
exp = Experiment(workspace = ws, name = 'YOUR_EXP_NAME')

run = Run(exp, run_id='YOUR STEP RUN ID')

run.cancel() # or run.fail()

CLI
More CLI details here
az login
az ml run cancel --run YOUR_RUN_ID


text:
Mindex delivers the psychedelic bass fans crave with ReFocused
By: Kyle Rutherford
ReFocused by Mindex
Summer festival season is in full swing and countless gatherings around the country have gone off with a bang. From the epic nature of the main stage to the trippy, psychedelic nature of the late night areas, the amount of phenomenal music coming from these speakers has been nothing short of incredible.
Though he saw many American festival dates during the summer of 2015, this hasn't stopped Russian psychedelic bass producer Mindex from generating exuberant amounts of top quality music during his time off from touring. His new release on Kalya Scintilla's Merkaba Music label, ReFocused, is an eight track album that takes you deep into the realms of psychedelic electronic music; with beautiful layers of mystic melodies that fascinate your ears and awake your third eye.
The release begins with "1001 Nights," a mystical downtempo piece that resonates with the Middle Eastern vibes that Mindex has perfected, from its glistening synths and strings, to silky vocal samples, to the gritty low end. It shows his phenomenal ability to layer multiple melodies, harmonies, soundscapes and percussion to create music with so much going on audibly, but with each sound having its own distinct purpose. It also is the first glimpse of his genius ability to create the distinct neuro bass sounds that are present throughout the entire release.
"Wolfram" continues your journey into the world of his trancey, deep music. The esoteric nature is extraordinarily strong on this tune, with a continuing use of his Middle Eastern and dubstep influences, combined with some beautiful flute sounds and some nice string sample twangs. Honestly, this music sounds like it was created on a far off planet that has yet to be discovered.
With "Mount Warning," you never really know what you're going to hear next. Some awesome arpeggiated synths at the beginning make you think that you're about to hear some dirty psytrance music, but it slowly breaks into a half time tempo to showcase his psychedelic bass prowess. Then halfway through, the tempo goes back up and becomes a super danceable track. Not only does the speed of the tempo constantly change, but also so do the melodies and harmonies. The bass tones and high-toned synths move quickly between notes during some sections, but become drawn and strung out during other points in the song.
Mindex's remix of Vena Portae's "Sunrise in the Mountains" continues with the long, drawn out sound of not only the bass and synth tones, but nearly every aspect of the song. The amount of power on this remix is just utterly insane, probably because it was produced on the same planet as "Mount Warning." The background soundscapes are just incredible and the simple samplings of female vocals are the icing on the cake.
The title track, "ReFocused," features some of my favorite percussion work on the release. The beats are nice and tight and use of sub bass kicks for low-end harmonies just adds to his excellence as a producer. This tune also features perfect layering of sounds from the low to the high end, especially horn stabs that hit you straight in the horn when listened to loud enough.
"Neural Buzz" definitely lives up to its title. The synths have a great whirring distortion that gets under your skin like the buzz of a bee. As the first tune on the release that could be considered "glitch-hop," it also has the simplest, stripped down nature to it, if you could call it that. A simple beat, glistening synths, repetitive, glitchy bass and lovely, angelic vocal soundscapes.
The best way to describe to "Serpent Tale" would be feverish fluctuations. Almost every aspect of the production has a sort or rise and fall element to it, from the silky high end synths, bass glitches and everything in-between. The tempo changes from glitch hop to a psychedelic bass feeling will really keep you on your toes, whether you're merely listening or dancing along.
The closing track "Cortex Vortex" is exactly that; a gorgeous, psychedelic tease that will take you into a mystical trance, like something I've felt while dancing up front during a Govinda set. While your brain is in a trance, your feet will also not be able to keep from moving. The consistent changes like the latter track are phenomenal, and the stretched out bass synths are mind blowing.
If you're into artists like Birds of Paradise, Kalya Scintilla, Zebbler Encanti Experience, or AtYyA, Mindex should soon be added to your listen of favorite producers. ReFocused is your perfect soundtrack for any psychedelic adventure. If you're looking for more, listen to an exclusive mix Mindex made for The Untz!
Get ReFocused now from Merkaba Music!
Tags: DubstepGlitchPsytrance
Culprate, Spoonbill, Detox Unit and more join SONIC BLOOM lineup
Kalya Scintilla delivers deep, spacey bass with Woodland Womp
STAUNCH delivers Dissecting the Groove Remixed on Delicious Music
Templo releases enigmatic EP Whispers via Merkaba Music
Portland's Mettā shows are a bass Mecca
Kalya Scintilla


text:
package com.linkedin.pinot.common.config;

import com.typesafe.config.Config;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
import com.typesafe.config.ConfigRenderOptions;
import io.vavr.Tuple;
import io.vavr.collection.HashMap;
import io.vavr.collection.List;
import io.vavr.collection.Map;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Serializer, which takes an object and returns its representation as a map of key-value pairs or a string representing
 * a map of key-value pairs.
 */
public class Serializer {
  private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Serializer.class);

  public static <T> Map<String, ?> serialize(T object) {
    try {
      if (object == null) {
        return null;
      }

      return serialize(object, object.getClass(), "");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  public static <T> String serializeToString(T object) {
    Config config = ConfigFactory.parseMap(serialize(object).toJavaMap());
    return config.root().render(ConfigRenderOptions.defaults().setJson(false).setOriginComments(false));
  }

  private static <T> Map<String, ?> serialize(T object, Class<? extends T> clazz, String pathContext) throws Exception {
    if (object == null) {
      return HashMap.empty();
    }

    ConfigKey rootConfigKey = clazz.getAnnotation(ConfigKey.class);
    if (rootConfigKey != null) {
      if (pathContext.isEmpty()) {
        pathContext = rootConfigKey.value();
      } else {
        pathContext = pathContext + "." + rootConfigKey.value();
      }
    }

    Map<String, Object> values = HashMap.empty();

    Map<String, Map<String, Object>> dslValues = HashMap.empty();
    Map<String, Class<? extends SingleKeyDsl>> dslClasses = HashMap.empty();

    for (Field field : getClassFields(clazz)) {
      ConfigKey configKey = field.getAnnotation(ConfigKey.class);
      NestedConfig nestedConfig = field.getAnnotation(NestedConfig.class);
      UseDsl useDsl = field.getAnnotation(UseDsl.class);
      UseChildKeyHandler useChildKeyHandler = field.getAnnotation(UseChildKeyHandler.class);

      if (configKey == null && nestedConfig == null) {
        continue;
      }

      field.setAccessible(true);
      if (configKey != null) {
        final String keyName;
        if (pathContext.isEmpty()) {
          keyName = configKey.value();
        } else {
          keyName = pathContext + "." + configKey.value();
        }

        if (useDsl != null) {
          Map<String, Object> dslValue = dslValues.getOrElse(keyName, HashMap.empty());
          dslValue = dslValue.put(useDsl.value(), field.get(object));
          dslValues = dslValues.put(keyName, dslValue);
          dslClasses = dslClasses.put(keyName, useDsl.dsl());
        } else if (useChildKeyHandler != null) {
          ChildKeyHandler childKeyHandler = useChildKeyHandler.value().newInstance();
          Map serializedChildMap = childKeyHandler.unhandleChildKeys(field.get(object), keyName);
          if (serializedChildMap != null) {
            serializedChildMap = serializedChildMap.map((key, value) -> Tuple.of(keyName + "." + key, value));
            values = values.merge(serializedChildMap);
          }
        } else if (Deserializer.isSimpleType(field.getType())) {
          values = storeSimpleFieldIntoMap(field.get(object), field.getType(), keyName, values);
        } else {
          values = values.merge(serialize(field.get(object), field.getType(), keyName));
        }
      } else if (nestedConfig != null) {
        values = values.merge(serialize(field.get(object), field.getType(), pathContext));
      }
    }

    final Map<String, Class<? extends SingleKeyDsl>> finalDslClasses = dslClasses;
    final Map<String, String> dslUnparsedValues = dslValues.flatMap((configKey, dslValueData) -> {
      try {
        Class<? extends SingleKeyDsl> dslClass = finalDslClasses.getOrElse(configKey, null);
        SingleKeyDsl dslInstance = dslClass.newInstance();
        Class<?> dslValueType = dslClass.getMethod("parse", String.class).getReturnType();
        Object dslValueObject = Deserializer.deserialize(dslValueType, dslValueData, "");
        if (dslValueObject != null) {
          return List.of(Tuple.of(configKey, dslInstance.unparse(dslValueObject)));
        } else {
          return List.empty();
        }
      } catch (Exception e) {
        LOGGER.warn("Caught exception while serializing field for configKey {}", e, configKey);
        return List.empty();
      }
    });

    values = values.merge(dslUnparsedValues);

    UseChildKeyTransformers useChildKeyTransformers = clazz.getAnnotation(UseChildKeyTransformers.class);
    if (useChildKeyTransformers != null) {
      // Reverse the order of the child key transformers
      List<Class<? extends ChildKeyTransformer>> reversedChildKeyTransformers =
          List.ofAll(Arrays.asList(useChildKeyTransformers.value()))
          .reverse();

      for (Class<? extends ChildKeyTransformer> childKeyTransformerClass : reversedChildKeyTransformers) {
        LOGGER.debug("Using child key transformer {} on the root config {}", childKeyTransformerClass, values);

        ChildKeyTransformer childKeyTransformer = childKeyTransformerClass.newInstance();
        values = (Map<String, Object>) childKeyTransformer.unapply(values, pathContext);

        LOGGER.debug("Config after child key transformation {}", values);
      }
    }

    return values;
  }

  private static List<Field> getClassFields(Class<?> clazz) {
    List<Field> fields = List.of(clazz.getDeclaredFields());

    // Recursively add all parent fields
    while(clazz.getSuperclass() != null) {
      clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
      fields = fields.appendAll(Arrays.asList(clazz.getDeclaredFields()));
    }

    return fields;
  }

  private static Map<String, Object> storeSimpleFieldIntoMap(Object object, Class<?> type, String keyName, Map<String, Object> values) {
    // No object to write
    if (object == null) {
      return values;
    }

    if (Enum.class.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
      object = object.toString();
    }

    return values.put(keyName, object);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


It seems that rules and regulations are continually being updated in the area of employment law. Therefore, it is vital that both employers and employees are well aware of this as early as possible to help them make decisions on various employment issues.
In 2016, employment law faces a number of changes that are set to have a significant impact on employee's roles and their futures within their company.
While the gender pay gap is an issue that has improved in recent years, the government still has concerns that the gap remains too wide.
As a result, in April 2016, companies with over 250 employees will be required to publish a report that details how much they pay men and women. Although it remains uncertain exactly just how comprehensive this information will need to be and it is unclear how the information will need to be shown, the government has emphasised the need for it to demonstrate the true picture of gender equality relating to pay within the workplace. The mandatory reporting of gender pay was first set out in s.78 of the Equality Act 2010 but is yet to come into force.
Leading up to this requirement in April, companies should seek to understand and improve any gender pay issues they may have. It is not only likely that any unfair results could create tens, hundreds or even thousands of employees bringing legal claims based on unequal pay, but it may also result in the company severely damaging its reputation and creating a possibly irreversible PR nightmare.
Successful employees found to have been the recipient of unequal pay may be able to claim damages dating back to 2010 when the act was enacted. With falling sales and plummeting stocks the potential result of a company's damaged reputation, companies need to make sure they are addressing these issues now.
In April this year, pensions will be entirely modernised to reflect the current complexities and confusion surrounding the pension tier system. Removing the current five-tier pension system, which has five separate elements, it shall be replaced with one single tier pension.
However, it appears that a large number of employers have not considered how this will affect occupational pension schemes. Research states that 70% of people with defined-contribution (DC) schemes and 57% of those with defined-benefit (DB) schemes have not considered the impact that this one tier pension system will have on the pension amount they receive.
One of the biggest uncertainties emanates from increased national costs resulting from employers inability to "contract out" of the additional state pension. The option to do this has been removed and, therefore, employers are at a loss as to how to handle payroll cost increases of between 2% and 3% for employees earning DB pension benefits, along with the lack of retirement feasibility for DC employees. Employers must look for a way to handle these pension changes effectively and fairly before April arrives.
There's always the uncertainty when we give a tip to a member of staff of where that actually ends up. Does it go to the employee that you have personally tipped? Is it put into a pot and divided up among staff at the end of the day? Or, if it is paid by card, does it simply go to management?
With so much uncertainty surrounding the final destination of tips, it may leave some people uncomfortable and unwilling to leave them. Due to this ambiguity, the government is looking at whether the voluntary code of conduct, produced in 2009, needs a revival, particularly following the decision to prohibit tips to be used to fund minimum wage payments. Tips should, therefore, be 'extras' rather than 'part ofs'.
While there have been discussions on introducing a legally-enforced cap on the administration charges attached to tips paid on card, the main focus should be placed on the transparency of the tipping process in businesses such as restaurants, hotels and cafes.
For more advice and information on employment law, contact one of our friendly team today on 01932 840111.


text:
Q: WTForms - Create form with both or no fields that validates but not just one field I want this form to validate if there is a date attribute in both inputs or there's no date input at all, but not when only either one input is entered.
So if you have a start date you must have an end date, and vice versa but you can't just put a start or end date alone.
My code is as below:
class MyForm(Form):
start = DateTimeField(u'Start', format='%Y-%m-%d')
end_date = DateTimeField(u'End', format='%Y-%m-%d')

So, it validates if, either:

*

*None of the fields are entered

*Both of the fields are entered

Shouldn't validate if:

*

*Only either field is entered

Thanks in advance for your help!

A: If you're not interested in using the constraint in other forms, you could override the validate function in-line. More: http://wtforms.readthedocs.io/en/latest/validators.html#custom-validators
class MyForm(Form):
    start = DateTimeField(u'Start', format='%Y-%m-%d')
    end_date = DateTimeField(u'End', format='%Y-%m-%d')

    def validate(self):
        if not Form.validate(self):
            return False

        a = self.start.field.data
        b = self.end_date.field.data
        if (a and b) or not (a or b):
            return True
        else:
            self.start.field.errors.append('Both or none dates must exist.')
            return False

A: I ended up solving it like this:
Created a function called validator outside the class definition:
def validator(form, field):
    a = self.start.field.data
    b = self.end_date.field.data
    if not ((a and b) or not (a or b)):
        raise ValidationError('Both or none dates must exist.')

And modified the class like this:
class MyForm(Form):
    start = DateTimeField(u'Start', [validators.Optional(), validator], format='%Y-%m-%d')
    date_end = DateTimeField(u'End', [validators.Optional(), validator], format='%Y-%m-%d')

Needed to add optional validator since WTForm by default makes DateTimeField a required field


So you are a digital class or teacher? Work in a 1:1 environment? Paperless school? That means you've cracked it right? The digital utopia is yours, you are a 21st-century educator leading edge etc… But somewhere in the back of your mind is this nagging doubt … Is this it? You have attended conferences, PLD, you can converse about the SAMR model and TPACK but still your class has really really expensive typewriters?
Imagine having students come to lessons front loaded with some of the ideas and concepts you wish to teach. Imagine a struggling student being able to gain access to the demonstration/content as many times as they require without embarrassment or stress. Imagine parents and caregivers being able to "see" the lessons. A student off school – no problem… For teachers who care about students, flipping just makes sense.


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Ruffle Shirred Top is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 4.
Brighten up your outfit with our favourite new addition, the Ruffle Shirred Top. Show off those shoulders with the on and off shoulder element and wide ruffle sleeves. We are styling this top with a cute denim skirt or a skinny lack jean.
Rated 5 out of 5 by AmandaE from Great look I bought this top a couple of weeks ago, and it is great. Goes well with jeans, and can be dressed up as well.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Talc from Cool & Comfy I have 3 of these tops. Great colours, versatile, cool and I love the ruffle sleeves. They look great with jeans.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Michelle 52 from Comfortable Generous sizing, would order 1 size smaller next time.


On October 10th, 2017 a daring project was launched on Kickstarter. The project was to revive the legendary camera brand Yashica and create a hybrid camera that combined the limitations and character of film with the ease of use that comes with shooting digital. All of this was going to be wrapped up in a retro-styled rangefinder camera that reminded us of the legendary Electro 35 GSN. It struck a nerve with many people and according to their kickstarter update on October 11th, the project was fully funded in only 4 hours.
Shortly after, the first impressions started popping up. Reviews like this one from DP Review, labelled it as "everything wrong with retro design" and noted that 5,100 "fools" back the initial campaign. By the time that both the Kickstarter and the Indiegogo campaigns finished there were a total of 7,967 "fools" eagerly "expecting the unexpected" as the tagline of the campaign said. In all reality, this was a successful campaign, and I was one of those fools who backed the project. However, I was not expecting a fuji level camera by any stretch of the imagination. I just wanted to see what Yashica could do with my investment and if it could live up the the trusty Electro 35 GSN.
The campaign on Kickstarter started off good. They promised that the product would be ready by April of 2018. They met their stretch goal and added an upgraded "4G" lens and a 2.0 aperture. They also upgraded the sensor as well. Then, suddenly after December 2017, things took a turn for the weird. There was zero communication in January. By March they admitted that they were behind and that the camera would not be shipped until the end of July. On July 29th, they mentioned nothing about the shipment date and showed images of the tooling process and some barebones cameras. Backers were starting to get frustrated.
The following update mentioned more about the "grainy effect" and that shipment would start in August. Backers were dropping like flies and begging for refunds. Sadly many struggled to communicate with Yashica at this point. August went by with nothing being sent out to the backers. However, Yashica did announce that they had set up a pop-up store in Lane Crawford, a department store in Hong Kong. This was the first time people could get a up close look at this camera. The reviews were not good.
The fact that they had not even started sending out cameras to backers but were opening up pop-up stores infuriated the backers. By September, members of the Yashica Y25 facebook group started mentioning that they were receiving email confirmations and some even got tracking info. By the 28th of September, I finally received my confirmation. On October 4th, I received my tracking information. As of today, October 11th 2018, I actually received my camera.
I was really interested in what this little camera would be like. I had read the reviews and heard people's initial thoughts, so I was not expecting anything too great. The initial look was not bad but not good either. It was faintly reminiscent of the miniature cameras that I picked up recently in Japan from the coin-op machines at Yodobashi. I am not exaggerating that fact either. The camera felt light and plasticy and the viewfinder is just a plastic window without any framelines. This was a far from the stylish camera in the video for the campaign.
The sad part is that there was seemingly no attention to detail in the design or construction of this camera. The film rewind knob is molded into the case which adds to the overall cheapness. This could have been used a self-timer or something. They could have at least made it metal which would have made the camera look a little less fake. Same thing with the power switch. The grooves on the power switch of my Electro 35 are similar to that of what you would find on the edge of a coin. The grooves on the Y35 power switch are laughably huge to the point that they look as if someone drew them on a napkin and then just rendered the drawing in a 3D printer. You can adjust the exposure 5 stops where you would set the iso on the Electro 35 which is a nice touch, but they should have added a few more of those touches to round out the camera.
The feel of shooting with the the Y35 is lame at best. Again, without the framelines it just feels like I am pretending to photograph… something. The Y35 gives out a wimpy fake shutter sound after you have pressed the shutter button. The pathetic part is that the camera keychain that my wife bought me a few years ago has the same but slightly louder fake shutter sound. The only indicator that this contraption is even working is the led at the back. It changes from purple to red. Even that, seems poorly constructed for some reason.
The photos that the Y35 produced were lackluster and distorted. While I liked the idea of waiting to get back home to check the results, they were disappointing at best. I received 4 DigiFilms with my pledge: B&W, 6×6, 1600, and 200. By far the B&W and the 200 are my favourites. The 6×6 seems to be designed for the instagram crowd but also has a weird pee-coloured shade of yellow to it. The 1600 is ok but I will have to test it out in low light a bit more.
The biggest thing here is that they lack any sort of character or desirable quality. This combined with a cheaply made camera makes for a disappointing experience all around. This is different from a holga or something where you know that it is crap and going to produce a weird photo but that is what you bought it for. The Yashica people actually think that this is a superior product and "unlike anything else on the market" as they said once in their updates.
If Yashica was really going for an actual camera then they should have done a little more with the backers money than make a toy camera with a fake shutter sound. The first recommendation I would say would be to beef up the camera. Make it of equal weight and size to the Electro 35. A metal body would have been nice but at least they could have gone with a material that did not feel like child's toy.
With regards to the DigiFilm, I would have opted to start with a few "legendary" films first. How cool would it have been if they got permission to emulate Kodak T-max or Ilford HP5 Plus? The DigiFilms could have the same brading as the the film cansters and whatnot. Yashica could have been the one system that could save some types of film from being forgotten by converting them to their proprietary "DigiFilm" format. What better way to get film lovers to buy your toy camera than to save their beloved films in a format that lasts forever. This would have worked a lot better than pee-stained instagram-style films.
As one commenter stated recently in the facebook group "For those who own it and find faults in it, it's not meant to be on par with your DSLR" and for the price that I paid off of Kickstarter, I certainly was not expecting anything near a DSLR. However, what I was expecting was a camera that at least was well made for what it was. Meaning that while it is a novel concept, the wimpy fake shutter sound and the odd distortion make it feel like they just stopped caring after a while. Had they created a nifty little camera that performed well and was well made, they could have proved a lot of the critics wrong, myself included.
This project was never meant to give everyone a 2018 version of the Electro 35 and that must be stated. Also note that this is not even made by the same company that made that legendary camera either. This was a project that started out with a half-baked idea and followed through with a half-baked product. It is as simple as that. Does it work? YES. Does it do what Yashica said it would? YES. However, it also just feels thrown together the way that you would find a "digital retro camera" in a novelty store. In the future versions, Yashica needs to up their game and put together a fully formed camera.
If you are looking for that traditional feel, go to Ebay and pick up an old Electro 35. They are a great camera and there are tons of them around that are in great condition. They have a sharp lens and are perfect for those wanting to play around with a rangefinder without dropping big bucks on a Leica.
If you are looking for a retro-style camera to shoot that is digital, then download Hipstamatic and invest in a few films, lenses and skins. For a few bucks you can emulate the feel of an old camera on your phone and produce some interesting photos at the sametime. I feel that these photos have a lot more character than the DigiFilms and the lens on my iPhone has way less distortion.
Do notice that your trusty Electro 35 GSN was a 33,500 yen camera back in 1970. That would be ~$1,000 USD in 2018.
What else would you expect from a 1/10 priced gadget that both sounds and looks like a toy?
I think that I made it pretty clear in the article about what I expected. That being said, how much the camera cost back in 1970 doesn't really matter here. The fact is that you can get them for about $50 off of eBay NOW. What I would have liked to have seen was a little more effort put into the production of this camera. Nothing major, just little adjustments. If you look at all of the complaints, people are saying the same things over and over again. Not to mention, that we are talking about a $175 camera that will retail for closer to $300 when it hits the market. I can go to any store right now and get a canon point and shoot for $100 that is far superior than this camera. However, it could have been much more if they had spent the time into making the camera really work. The Y35 had potential but failed due to poor execution and build quality. I am not going to be one of those people that goes on and on about being ripped off because the reality is that we weren't. They delivered a camera… just not a very good one. They did what they said that they would, but I just feel that they could have done a better job.


text:
Dallastown High grad honored for efforts at Yale
Dallastown High School graduate Sydney Terroso enjoyed a standout freshman season as the goaltender for the Yale University field hockey team.
Dallastown High grad honored for efforts at Yale Dallastown High School graduate Sydney Terroso enjoyed a standout freshman season as the goaltender for the Yale University field hockey team. Check out this story on yorkdispatch.com: https://www.yorkdispatch.com/story/sports/college/2017/12/06/dallastown-high-grad-sydney-terroso-earns-two-awards-after-strong-freshman-season-yale/926722001/
York Dispatch Published 11:03 a.m. ET Dec. 6, 2017
Sydney Terroso(Photo: PHOTO COURTESY OF YALE ATHLETICS)
Dallastown grad Sydney Terroso enjoyed a strong freshman season with the Yale field hockey team.
Terroso, a goaltender, earned a pair of awards at the team's postseason banquet.
Terroso posted a .784 save percentage that ranked eighth in the country.
Terroso's efforts were recognized recently with a pair of awards at the Yale field hockey team's annual postseason banquet.
Terroso earned the Yale Senior Award and shared the Amanda Walton Award with senior back Kiwi Comizio.
The Senior Award that Terroso received is awarded by the senior class to a freshman team member who reflects a positive contribution to the team's philosophy and whose individual character encourages the future direction and excellence of Yale field hockey.
Terroso was stellar in her debut season with the Bulldogs, posting a .784 save percentage that ranked eighth in the country and second in the Ivy League. She averaged 7.06 saves per game (15th nationally) and had a 1.89 goals-against average. She was previously named to the All-Ivy League First Team.
Terroso made a season-high 17 saves Sept. 23 against nationally-ranked Harvard. That was the most saves in a game for a Yale goalie since Emilie Katz stopped 21 against Syracuse in 2015.
Terroso spent the entire season as Yale's lone goalie — overcoming illness on several occasions to play — after a preseason injury sidelined junior Chaney Kalinich. The rookie emerged as the backbone of a defense that had just one healthy senior, earning praise for her maturity and leadership.
A member of Davenport College at Yale, Terroso played for 1993 Yale field hockey alum Anne Lehman Dillman with Lanco Premier Field Hockey Club.
The Amanda Walton Award that Terroso shared with Comizio is given by the Yale players and coaching staff to a team member or members who demonstrate the ability to confront challenges, displaying the courage to overcome them, while inspiring teammates with her work ethic and unselfish attitude.
The Walton award is named after 2002 Yale graduate Amanda Walton, who has been an inspiration to the Bulldogs. After her sophomore year at Yale, Walton — a field hockey and lacrosse player — was involved in an automobile accident that put her career on hold. She overcame a coma and physical injuries with hard work and dedication.
The 2017 Bulldogs finished with the program's best won-lost record (9-8) since the 2011 Ivy League championship season.


Some 70 countries have offered assistance in an outpouring of solidarity with Japan, with help coming not only from allies like the United States but also countries with more strained relations like China, and even from the Afghan city of Kandahar.
"We have offered our Japanese friends whatever assistance is needed, as America will stand with Japan as they recover and rebuild," said White House spokesman Jay Carney.
He said two US urban search and rescue teams, with 144 staff and 12 dogs, had begun work at first light on Monday looking for people trapped in the rubble in buildings flattened by the tsunami.
A 15-member Chinese rescue team was also at work in the main quake zone after landing in Tokyo on a special chartered flight on Sunday, Chinese state news agency Xinhua said. Setting aside the acrimony over Japan's wartime atrocities that underpins widespread Chinese public distrust of Japan more than six decades after the end of World War II, Beijing has wasted no time in expressing sympathy for the disaster.
"I want to use today's opportunity to extend our deep condolences for the loss of lives in this disaster and to express our sincere sympathy to the Japanese people," Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said at the end of his annual news conference in Beijing on Monday.
South Korea said a 102-member rescue team departed for Japan on Monday aboard three air force C-130 planes.


text:
A Rat's Quest
Mat is a young male rat that lives in a rat burrow in the abandoned wine cellar of an ample foursquare American house, together with other rats. He loves Nat, a small female mouse kept as a pet, who lives at the very top of said house. Being from different worlds, they plot a plan to escape to "the outside" together. His overconfidence puts them in peril's way, incarnated by "The Claw", a feral feline.
Mat must make his way back home to her, overcoming a journey across woodlands, caves, and swamps, defying overwhelming danger of a winged, poisonous and scale-bond variety. With a rivet for a sword, a button for a shield and rusty nails as throwing daggers, Mat will brave a world to which he is unwelcome, to return to Nat.
Unique Perspective: Explore a human world through the perspective of a small rat
Moving Story: Experience a story about love, friendship and keeping promises in three acts
Rat Mode: Climb, jump, crawl, slither and sneak like a rodent
Hybrid Gameplay: Feel the narrowness in walls and under the floor by a switching side and top down perspective
Full Immersion: Compasses are for humans. Make your own path!
Tough as Nails: No armor, no ordinance drops. Use the world and your wits to overcome overwhelming danger
A Rat's Evolution: Gather gadgets and "add-ons" for surviving the adventure
Quests and Choices: Solve small riddles and quests in different ways
Classic Architecture: Relive the American Foursquare style that was popular in the beginning of the 20th century
Available Platforms:
Game Controller support:
Supports all current Nintendo Switch Controller variants
About HandyGames™
HandyGames™ is part of the THQ Nordic and Embracer Group family and operates as an international publisher for small and mid-sized projects and developers for a worldwide audience.
The focus lies on creating and publishing games for next gen consoles like Microsoft Xbox One, Nintendo Switch and Sony PS4 as well as games for Steam and many other PC gaming distribution channels. HandyGames™ produces titles for new innovative gaming platforms, for example VR (Virtual Reality) on Oculus Rift, HTC Vive and Samsung Gear VR, but also offers games of all kind of genres for Android smartphones and tablets, Apple iPhones, iPads and many other mobile and smart devices.


These items available in All of New England, Pensylvania, New Jersey and New York.
Minimum Order 8 Blades any Size (Mix and Match)!
Pricing is for All Punch Configurations.
Please Call For Other Related Snow Items (Ice Melt, etc.).


text:
copyright:
  years: 2016
lastupdated: "2016-08-23"

---

{:new_window: target="\_blank"}
{:shortdesc: .shortdesc}
{:screen: .screen}
{:codeblock: .codeblock}
{:pre: .pre}

# Cloud Analytics
{: #cloud_analytics}

By using {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} cloud analytics, you specify rule conditions that are based on real-time device data and that trigger alerts and optional actions when met.
{: shortdesc}

For example, you might create a rule to ensure that when the device is dropped or when the temperature of the device spikes, an alert is sent to the dashboard on a user's device, and an email is sent to the administrator.

**Important:** The analytics features are merged in from the {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_full}} service. If your {{site.data.keyword.iot_short_notm}} organization is used as a data source for an existing {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_short}} instance, Cloud and Edge Analytics is not enabled until after the existing {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_short}} instances have been migrated. Continue to use the {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_short}} dashboard for your analytics needs until the migration is complete. For more information, see the [IBM Watson IoT Platform blog](https://developer.ibm.com/iotplatform/2016/04/28/iot-real-time-insights-and-watson-iot-platform-a-match-made-in-heaven/){: new_window} on IBM developerWorks and your existing {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_short}} instance dashboards.

## Before you begin
{: #byb}
Make sure that the device properties that you want to use as conditions in your rules have been mapped to schemas. See [Connecting devices](iotplatform_task.html) and [Creating schemas](im_schemas.html) for more information.

## Managing rules and actions
{: #managing_rules}

Use the **Rules** dashboard to create and manage rules and actions for your organization.

To get an overview of rules and alerts that have been triggered for your devices, use the following boards:

 |Board Name | Description |
 |:---|:---|
  |Rule-Centric Analytics | Shows the rules for your organization. Additional cards list triggered alerts, associated devices, device properties, and alert information. |
 |Device-Centric Analytics | Shows the devices that are connected to your organization. Additional cards show alerts for a selected device, information for a selected device, device properties, and alert information. |

 For more information about the default analytics boards, see [Visualizing real-time data by using boards and cards](data_visualization.html#default_boards).

## Creating rules
{: #rules}

Rules are condition-based decision points that match real-time device data with predefined threshold values or other property data to trigger an alert if a condition is met. In addition to the alert that is displayed in the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, you can add one or more actions to run business logic when a rule is triggered.

**Important:** Before you can create rules for a device type, you must create a schema for the device type. For information, see [Create device type schemas](im_schemas.html).

To create a rule:
1. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules**.
2. Click **Create A Rule**, give the rule a name, provide a description, select a device type that the rule applies to, and then click **Next**.
3. To set up the rule logic, add one or more IF conditions to use as triggers for the rule.
You can add conditions in parallel rows to apply them as OR conditions, or you can add conditions in sequential columns to apply them as AND conditions.
**Important:** To trigger a condition that compares two properties or to trigger two or more property conditions that are combined sequentially by using AND, the triggering data points must be included in the same device message. If the data is received in more than one message, the condition or sequential conditions do not trigger.
**Examples:**
A simple rule might trigger an alert if a parameter value is larger than a specified value:
Condition = `temp_cpu>80`
A more complex rule might trigger when a combination of thresholds are met:
Condition = `temp_cpu>60 AND cpu_load>90`

4. Configure conditional trigger requirements for your rule.
To control the number of alerts that are triggered for a rule over a time period, you can configure conditional trigger requirements for your rule.
**Important:**  The conditional triggering acts on any condition in the rule. For example, if a rule has five different parallel conditions set by using OR, each condition that is true counts towards the conditional trigger count.
To set conditional triggering for a rule:
 1. In the rule editor, click the default **Trigger each time conditions are met** link to open the set frequency requirement dialog box.
 2. Select and configure the conditional trigger that you want to use in the rule.

Trigger every time conditions are met

Trigger if conditions are met N times in M *Unit of time*

 For a more detailed description of the conditional triggers, see [Conditional rule triggering](#conditional "Conditional triggering overview").
5. Create or select one or more actions that occur if the rule conditions are met.
For more information about actions, see [Using actions with your rules](#shared "Create actions").
 For example: An action can be to send an email or post a webhook.
3. **Optional:** Select an alert priority for the rule.
 The priority is used to classify the alerts that are displayed in the **Rule-Based Analytics** board. The default priority is Low.
6. When you are satisfied with your rule, click **Save** to save without activating or click **Activate** to save and activate the rule.

Your rule is created. If you activate the rule, when the conditions of the rule are met, an alert is added to the **Boards > Rule-Based Analytics** board, and any rule action is run.

## Conditional rule triggering
{: #conditional}

To control the number of alerts that are triggered for a rule over a time period, you can configure conditional trigger requirements for your rule.

Depending on the message frequency and the rule conditions, a rule might trigger a large number of times after a trigger condition is met. For example, if the condition is `temp >= 90` and the temperature increases and stabilizes at 91, the rule is triggered with each incoming message. Depending on the frequency of the device messages and the actions that the rule is set to run, this volume of alerts might quickly fill your email inbox or flood a Twitter feed with messages that do not provide any additional value.

**Important:** The conditional triggering acts on any condition in the rule. For example, if a rule has five different parallel conditions set by using OR, each condition that is met counts towards the conditional trigger count.

Condition | Description
------------- | -------------
Trigger every time conditions are met | The rule is triggered every time the rule conditions are met.
Trigger if conditions are met *N* times in *M* *days/hours/minutes/custom* | The rule is triggered when the conditions are met *N* times in the selected time interval and is then not triggered again until the configured time period has passed.
Example: The conditional trigger requirement =`Trigger only once if conditions are met 4 times in 30 minutes`. The device sends one new message every five minutes. At noon, the temperature initially exceeds 90 degrees, which meets the condition. The conditional trigger counter is started, but the rule is not yet triggered.  After 15 minutes and three more messages that indicate that `temp > 90` were received, the rule is triggered. The rule is then not triggered for another 15 minutes regardless of the temperature.
Trigger only the first time conditions are met and reset when conditions are no longer met. | The rule is triggered when conditions are met but is then not triggered for consecutive messages that also meet the conditions. The triggering criteria is reset by the first message that does not meet the rule conditions.
Trigger if conditions persist for *M* *days/hours/minutes/custom*. | The rule is triggered after the selected time interval if all data points that are received during the time interval meet the conditions or if no additional data points are received. The time interval starts when the conditions are initially met.

## Using actions in your rules
{: #shared}

In addition to displaying alerts in the alerts dashboard, {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} supports several types of rule-triggered actions, such as sending emails and posting webhooks.

You can create actions directly in the rule editor or create the actions in the Actions tab and then select the actions when you create your rules.

To create an action on the Actions tab:
1. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules**.
2. In the Rules dashboard, select the **Actions** tab.
2. Click **Create An Action**, give the action a name and a description and select an action type, then click **Next**.
3. Provide the required parameters for the type of action that you are creating.
Action types:
 - [Send email](#email "Send email")
 - [IFTTT](#ifttt "IFTTT")
 - [Node-RED](#nodered "Node-RED")
 - [Webhook](#webhook "Webhook")
4. Click **OK** to create the new action.

The action is now available in the rule editor.

**Note:** The examples that follow all represent an action that notifies a service engineer when the temperature, which is represented by the `temp_cpu` property of a device, exceeds 80 degrees, by using the following rule condition: `temp_cpu >= 80`

### Send email
{: #email}
Use the send email action to send an email to one or more recipients when a rule is triggered.

Example: [Send email](#emailex).

The following parameters are used to configure the send email action:

Parameter | Description
---|---
Name | The name of the action, which is used in the Alerts Dashboard.
Description | A brief description of the action.
Subject | The subject line of the email. The default subject line is "IBM Watson IoT Alert: Mail action".
To | Select to send the alert to just yourself or to a comma-separated list of email addresses. If you select to send to yourself, the email is sent to the email address of the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} that you are logged in as.
Cc | None, or a comma separated list of email addresses.
The body of the email is automatically created from the message of the device at the time that the rule was triggered.
**Important:** By default, emails do not include device data that might include sensitive information. Change the **Include Data** setting to include device data.

#### Example: Use send email
{: #emailex}

In this example, the action is configured to use the send email feature to send an email to the main service engineer and also send a backup email to his manager.

To create the email action:
1. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules**.
2. Click **Create An Action**.
4. Enter the action name `Send service request email`.
5. Enter the description `Send an email to the service engineer and his manager`.
3. Select the **Email** type.
6. In the To field, select **Specific people** and enter `service.engineer@company.com`.
7. In the CC field, select **Specific people** and enter: `service.manager@company.com`.
8. In the subject line, enter: `Service required.`
10. Select **Include Data** to include the device data in the email.
11. Click **Finish** to save the action.

### IFTTT
{: #ifttt}

Use the IFTTT action to trigger an IFTTT recipe when a rule is triggered. For more information about triggering actions as IFTTT recipes, see [Maker Channel](https://ifttt.com/maker) on the IFTTT site.

Example: [Use IFTTT to post a Trello card](#iftttex).

The following parameters are used to configure an IFTTT action:

Parameter | Description
---|---
Name | The name of the action, which is used in the Alerts dashboard.
Description | A brief description of the action.
Key | The Maker Channel key to use to trigger the event.
Event | The event name that you configured as a trigger for the Maker Event. You can create multiple recipes with different triggers, each with a different event name.
Value 1-3 | You can pass any content in these parameters, which are passed to the action in your IFTTT recipe. **Tip:** You can use [variable substitution](#variable_substitution) to dynamically include additional data in the header.

#### Example: Use IFTTT to post a Trello card {: #iftttex}

In this example, the action is configured to use IFTTT to post a card to a service requests list on Trello.

To create the post a card on Trello action:
1.	In IFTTT, connect to the Trello channel.
2.	In IFTTT, connect to the Maker channel. Make a note of your IFTTT key. You need this key to connect to IFTTT from {{site.data.keyword.iot_short_notm}}.
5.	In IFTTT, create a recipe:
 1. Click **THIS**.
 2. Select the **Maker** channel.
 2. Click **Recieve a web request**.
 3. Enter the event name `post-Trello-card`.
 4. Click **THAT**.
 5. Select the **Trello** channel.
 6. Select the Trello board in which to create the card.
 7. Enter a list name in which to add the cards.
 8. Edit the title and description.
 9. Assign the @service.engineer and @service.manager members.
 8. Click **Create Action**.
3. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules > Actions** and create a new action that has the following parameters:

Type - **IFTTT**

Name - `Post service request card`

Description - `Use IFTTT to post a card in the service requests list in Trello.`

Key - Your IFTTT key

Event - `post-Trello-card`

Optionally, add values for Value 1-3. **Tip:** You can use [variable substitution](#variable_substitution) to dynamically include device data.

4. Click **OK** to save the action.

### Node-RED
{: #nodered}

Use the Node-RED action to connect to a Node-RED application when a rule is triggered. For more information about using Node-RED, see [Creating apps with the Internet of Things starter application](https://www.ng.bluemix.net/docs/starters/IoT/iot500.html).

Example: [Use Node-RED to send a text message](#noderedex).

The following parameters are used to configure a Node-RED action:

Parameter | Description
---|---
Name | The name of the action, which is used in the Alerts dashboard.
Description | A brief description of the action.
URL | The URL of the target Node-RED HTTP input node.
User name | Include if required by the Node-RED service.
Password | Include if required by the Node-RED service. **Important:** The password is sent in cleartext.
Body | By default, the body field is pre-populated with all variables that are listed in [variable substitution](#variable_substitution).

#### Example: Use Node-RED to send a text message
{: #noderedex}

In this example, the action is configured to use Node-RED with a Twilio node to send a text message to the service engineer.

To create the send text message action:
1. In Twilio, locate or create a new Messaging Service to use to send text messages from your Twilio account. For information, see the [Twilio documentation](https://www.twilio.com/help).
2. In Bluemix, set up and access your Node-RED account with the Node-RED URL `http://mynodered.mybluemix.net/red/`. For more information, see the [Creating apps with Node-RED Starter](https://www.ng.bluemix.net/docs/starters/Node-RED/nodered.html) topic in the Bluemix documentation.
3. In Node-RED, create a simple two node flow, such as [RTI-alert]->[SMS].
Where the first node is an http node, and the second is a twilio node.
 1. Add the "http" input node and configure it with the following attributes:

Method - POST

URL - `RTI-alert`

Name - RTI Action

  2. Add an "http response" output node and connect it and the "http" input nodes together by dragging between the output port of one to the input port of the other.
  3. Add a "twilio" output node and configure the it with the following attributes:

Service - **External service**

Twilio - Add new twilio-api

SMS to - `Phone number for the service engineer`

Name - **SMS**

  4. Wire the nodes together
  Connect the http and twilio nodes together by dragging between the output port of one to the input port of the other.
  5. Click the **Deploy** button to deploy the flow to the server
4. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules > Actions** and create a new action that has the following parameters:
 - Type - **Node-RED**
 - Name - `Send text using Node-RED and Twilio`
 - Description - `Send a text message alert to the service engineer.`
 - URL - `http://mynodered.mybluemix.net/RTI-alert`
 - BODY
 ```json
 {"text":"*A device needs your attention*\n Time: {{timestamp}}\n {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} instance: {{tenantId}}\n Device: {{deviceId}}\n Rule: {{ruleName}}\n Description: {{ruleDescription}}\n Condition: {{ruleCondition}}\n Raw device message: \n{{message}}"}
 ```
5. Click **Finish** to save the action.

### Webhook
{: #webhook}

Use the webhook action to make an HTTP request to a webhook-enabled web service when an alert is triggered. For example, a webhook can be used to open a service request for an asset if a sensor in the device reports an abnormal reading.

Example: [Use webhook to post on Slack](#webhookex).

The following parameters are used to configure a webhook action:

Parameter | Description
---|---
Name | The name of the action, which is used in the Alerts dashboard.
Description | A brief description of the action.
URL | The URL of the target webhook-enabled server. **Tip:** You can use [variable substitution](#variable_substitution) to dynamically include additional data in the URL.
Method | The type of webhook call to run. Select one of the following types: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, PATCH, PUT, POST, or DELETE.
User name | Include if required by the web service.
Password | Include if required by the web service. **Important:** The password is sent in cleartext.
Header | Headers are made up from key and value pairs. **Tip:** You can use [variable substitution](#variable_substitution) to dynamically include additional data in the header.
Content type | The type of content of the body: JSON, XML, WWW form URL encoded, or plain text.  Available for the OPTIONS, PATCH, PUT, POST, and DELETE methods.
Body | The body of the webhook call.  Available for the OPTIONS, PATCH, PUT, POST, and DELETE methods. By default, the body field is pre-populated with all variables that are listed in [variable substitution](#variable_substitution). **Important:** The webhook server might require certain specific fields to be included in the body. For example, a Slack webhook must contain the "text" field.

#### Example: Use a webhook to post on Slack
{: #webhookex}

In this example, the action is configured to use a webhook to post a message to the #service-requests Slack channel.

To create the post to slack action:
1. In Slack, set up the Incoming Webhooks integration for the channel #service-requests. Make a note of the webhooks URL. For more information, see the [Slack documentation](https://api.slack.com/incoming-webhooks).
2. In the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} dashboard, go to **Rules > Actions** and create a new action that has the following parameters:
 - Name - `Post service request on Slack`
 - Type - **Webhook**
 - URL - `Your Slack webhooks URL`
 - Method - **POST**
 - Content type - `application/json`
 - Body
 ```json
 {"text":"*A device needs your attention*\n Time: {{timestamp}}\n {{site.data.keyword.iot_short}} instance: {{tenantId}}\n Device: {{deviceId}}\n Rule: {{ruleName}}\n Description: {{ruleDescription}}\n Condition: {{ruleCondition}}\n Raw device message: \n{{message}}"}
 ```
  **Important:** The Slack webhook must at a minimum contain the "text" field. For information, see [Incoming Webhooks](https://api.slack.com/incoming-webhooks "Slack documentation") in the Slack documentation.
11. Click **Finish** to save the action.

### Variable substitution
{: #variable_substitution}

Include the following variable substitutions to dynamically include device data. The variable must be surrounded by double curly brackets.

Variable | Description
---|---
**URL, Head, and Body** |
`{{timestamp}}` | The timestamp from the message.
`{{orgId}}` | The organization ID of the {{site.data.keyword.iot_short_notm}} service.
`{{tenantId}}` | Deprecated: The ID of the {{site.data.keyword.iotrtinsights_full}} service.
`{{deviceId}}` | The ID of the device.
`{{ruleName}}` | The name of the rule that includes the action.
`{{ruleID}}` | The ID of the rule that includes the action.
**Body only** |
`{{ruleDescription}}`| The description of the rule that includes the action.
`{{ruleCondition}}` | The rule condition that triggered the action.
`{{message}}` | The raw device message that included the data point value that triggered the rule.


text:
'Nothing Was The Same' by Drake — Stick It In Your Earholes
GuySpeed Staff Published: September 25, 2013
Canadian-born rapper Drake is a polarizing rap star, but love him or hate him, his mic skills can't be disputed. Some football stars love him so much they show it with ink.
Drake fans have been eagerly awaiting his third studio new album, 'Nothing Was the Same', and the wait is finally over. If you don't have the change to drop down on the album, the entire thing is streaming on Rdio.
The album also features the singles 'Started from the Bottom' and 'Hold On, We're Going Home' and boasts guest spots from 2 Chainz and Big Sean.
Nothing might ever be the same now that 'Nothing Was the Same' has dropped.
Get More Drake News Here


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Floral by is glorious celebration of the beauty of the feminine power of flowers.
Who is it for? It is a soft yet powerful scent that is ideal for the romantic woman who loves the beautiful things in life.
When do I wear it? This elegant floral scent is ideal for a garden party during the day and a night of romance.
What are the notes? It has top notes of citrus Coeur, effervescent pink peppercorn and tangy pineapple sorbet. It has floral heart notes of classic tea roses, jasmine sambac, and exotic gardenia. It finishes with base note of creamy wood, patchouli and sensual musk.
Coach: Floral (W) Type - 1 oz.
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text:
Stacy-Marie Ishmael
VP of Communities
stacymarieishmael.co
Stacy-Marie Ishmael lives at the intersection of finance, media and technology. Stacy-Marie established FT Alphaville as financial blogging force to be reckoned with as one of its founding members. She set up its the award-winning blog's NYC bureau, and later co-founded FT Tilt, an online-only emerging markets news service.
More recently, Buisiness Insider named her one of 2013's "thirty most important women under 30 in technology" for her work as a product manager at Percolate, a top NYC-based technology startup, and in recognition of her tenacious advocacy for minorities in tech.
She lectures part-time at the Tow Knight Center for Entrepreneurial Journalism, and has taught classes in the business and economics department at the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism.