text:
Zimbabwe Faces Troubling Spike in Cases of Multi-Drug Resistant TB
About eight years ago, 44-year-old Tilda Chihota was struck with tuberculosis which kept her bed-ridden for over six months at her rural home in Zimbabwe's Mwenezi district, 144 kilometres southwest of Masvingo, the country's oldest town.
Zimbabwe's Children Are the Battlefield in War to Contain HIV/AIDS
Fifty-one-year-old Mateline Msipa is living with HIV. Her 17-year-old daughter, born after Msipa was diagnosed with the virus, may also have it, but she has never been tested.
SMS for Healthy, AIDS-Free Babies
By Lyndal Rowlands and Mercedes Sayagues
In rural Zambia and Malawi, new mums face long delays finding out if they have passed HIV on to their babies.
Silent Suffering: Men and HIV
By Davison Mudzingwa
Lungile Thamela knows how he got infected with HIV: through his reckless choice to have unprotected sex with his partner although he knew she was living with HIV.
Silent Suffering: Men, Manhood and HIV
By Mercedes Sayagues
Across Africa, men have lower rates than women for HIV testing, antiretroviral treatment enrollment and adherence, viral load suppression and survival.
Nigeria Struggles to Care for its Adolescents Living With HIV
By Sam Olukoya
HIV among teenagers is devastating families in Nigeria and elsewhere in Africa, where AIDS has become the No. 1 killer of adolescents.
AIDS Response Is Leaving African Men Behind
Mention gender inequality in AIDS and the fact that more women than men live with HIV pops up. But another, rarely spoken about gendered difference is proving lethal to men with HIV.
What Future for the ACP-EU Partnership Post-2015?
"There are still prospects for a meaningful ACP-EU partnership, capable of contributing and responding concretely and effectively to the objectives of promoting and attaining peace, security, poverty eradication and sustainable development," according to the top official of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP).
Starvation Strikes Zimbabwe's Urban Dwellers
As unemployment deepens across this Southern African nation and as the country battles to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ahead of the December 2015 deadline, thousands of urban Zimbabweans here are facing starvation.
Marginalised Communities Warn of AIDS/TB "Tragedy" in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
By Pavol Stracansky
Marginalised communities and civil society groups helping them are warning of a "tragedy" in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (EECA) as international funding for HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) programmes in the regions is cut back.
Ebola Overshadows Fight Against HIV/AIDS in Sierra Leone
By Lansana Fofana
The outbreak of the deadly Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone has dwarfed the campaign against HIV/AIDS, to the extent that patients no longer go to hospitals and treatment centres out of fear of contracting the Ebola virus.
HIV Prevention is Failing Young South African Women
By Nqabomzi Bikitsha
When she found out that she had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Thabisile Mkhize (not her real name) was scared.
AIDS Is No. 1 Killer of African Teenagers
Two years ago, Shola* was kicked out of the family house in Abeokuta, in southwestern Nigeria, after testing HIV-positive at age 13. He was living with his father, his stepmother and their seven children.
War-ravaged South Sudan Struggles to Contain AIDS
By Charlton Doki
Dressed in a flowered African print kitenge and a blue head scarf, Sabur Samson, 27, sits pensively at the HIV centre at Maridi Civil Hospital in South Sudan's Western Equatoria state.
The Young, Female Face of HIV in East and Southern Africa
Experts are raising alarm that years of HIV interventions throughout Africa have failed to stop infection among young women 15 to 24 years old.
Mozambique Tackles its Twin Burden of Cervical Cancer and HIV
The woman on bed 27 in Maputo Central Hospital's oncology ward has no idea how lucky she is. In January, when abdominal pains racked her, a pharmacist suggested pain killers. For months, "the pain would go and return," she told IPS.
Fighting the "Neighbour's Disease" in Mozambique
Mozambique is reeling under the twin burden of HIV and cervical cancer. Eleven women die of cervical cancer every day, or 4,000 a year. Yet this cancer is preventable and treatable, if caught early.
Writing the Final Chapter on AIDS
Although AIDS has defied science by killing millions of people throughout Africa in the last three decades, HIV experts now believe that they have found the magic numbers to end AIDS as a public health threat in 15 years.
OPINION: The Fight Against the Long-Term Effects of Child Hunger Reaches Fever Pitch
By Noel Marie Zagre and Gary Quince
Eric Turyasingura chases after a ball made from plastic bags outside his mud-brick home in the mountains of southern Uganda. Yelling in his tribal tongue, Nkore, "Arsenal with the ball! Arsenal with the ball!" he jostles with his younger brothers for possession.
Saving the Lives of Cameroonian Mothers and their Babies with an SMS
By Ngala Killian Chimtom
"You can't measure the joy in my heart," Marceline Duba, from Lagdo in Cameroon's Far North Region, tells IPS as she holds her grandson in her arms.
Countdown to ZERO explores community, policy and expert efforts in Africa to eliminate new HIV infections among children by 2015, keeping mothers living with HIV alive and ensuring that every young person has the opportunity to achieve their full potential by protecting their sexual and reproductive health and rights.
This page includes independent news coverage, which is part of a project funded in partnership with UNICEF, UNAIDS and UNFPA. This news coverage is the sole responsibility of IPS and should not be taken to reflect the views of UNICEF, UNAIDS or UNFPA.
Tweets por @NoNewHIV


That message, Perkins felt, crosses a line. "Is Planned Parenthood so desperate for business that it has to spiritualize the murder of tiny children?" he wrote.
"We felt it was time to weigh in and make sure that our supporters were aware of Planned Parenthood's latest tactics," Perkins tells TIME.
The spat again revives the culture war debate over who can claim the Bible, and ultimately, who can claim that God endorses their cause. The majority of white evangelicals, Mormons, and Hispanic Catholics believe abortion should be illegal in all or most cases, according to the Pew Research Center, while the majority of white mainline Protestants, white Catholics, black Protestants, Jews, and unaffiliated believe abortion should be legal in all or most cases.


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Our fleet of 12 state-of-the-art ships are home to a wide choice of specialty restaurants, with Kids Clubs for every age group and, when sharing with two full-paying adults, children under 18 sail free all year round with MSC Cruises, only paying port taxes and flights. Fully equipped gyms and fitness areas are available on all of our ships, along with our luxurious MSC Aurea Spa, providing revitalising and invigorating treatments.
Select from the menus at right and search for your MSC cruise vacation.


The purpose of the club was to promote the use of art as a tool to relieve stress and maintain mindfulness. Students practised basic meditation techniques and created a variety of masterpieces such as mind jars, painting rainbows using sponges and colouring mandalas. All of the work the students have created will be displayed in Shelley's Calmness Corner; an area where students can relax and forget about all their worries!


test tubes in the classroom laboratory.
bubble has a polar end and a nonpolar end.  Water is a polar molecule.
overhead projector.  Surface tension supports the object.
loop and notice that it becomes a circle.
3.  Sprinkle black pepper over the surface of water in a Petri dish.
over the stern, will skim over water.
bubble, and longevity of bubbles.


If you follow me on FB, then you know the sordid story. It happened at this very window.
I had opened the gate so the painters could come in, showed them where the paint needed to be touched up on the exterior of the house, and went back in to shower. My bathroom is on the second floor so a cafe curtain usually provides pretty of privacy. But the day the painters were there, they decided to work on my window pretty much exactly the time I was getting out of the shower. I was basically undressed when I heard what I assume was sandpaper being used on this window frame. I grabbed my towel and ducked out of sight. 30 seconds later, a head popped up in the window and a man's face was inches from the glass. He was on the roof sanding the window frame for touch up. It's like they have a sixth sense. Oh well, I really need to start taking my shower BEFORE any workmen come. Yup he almost saw 'all the way down to Florida.' Well I think you know what I mean.
Any way the work continues on the garage apartment, but I have renamed it the guest quarters. This little curtain is very important right now because without it, the workers on the garage apartment (I mean guest quarters) would be getting quite an eye-ful each morning. I made the curtain from some leftover linen that I used for my slipcovers. The lace was left over from another project. The curtain rod I found in a closet, so the cost was zero.
I like it when it works out like that. I didn't line the curtain because I wanted the maximum amount of light in the room.
This project was easy, quick, and free, and now I have a darling curtain in my bathroom. And the best part is that I got to cross something off my ginormous to do list.
Did you get my free ebook yet?
AND……no one will ever get a glimpse of South Florida!
Important little curtain ! It looks very nice also. Very funny story. I had a little similar one with painters. Luckily we were just in bed. You don't expect anyone on the second floor. This was at West Point and we didn't know anyone was going the paint our quarters at 6 AM. I let out a little scream and he just waved.
Love the curtain and I am glad timing was on your side…every woman's nightmare!
Thank goodness for your little linen and lace curtain!!!
What a simplistic elegant gem of a curtain it is, too, dear friend!!!
Soon, very soon. . .all the work will be finished and you will have a sense of peace in your home!
LOL! Thanks for sharing your (now) funny story! I think we have all had experiences like that. Love your little curtain!
your home is so lovely. it makes me want to start all over in another house and build it the way I want it. love the fringe on the bottom of your linen curtain.
I just found your blog via your house tour at Debbiedoo's. Based on those photos, I knew I had to follow you before I even clicked over here! Your house, sense of style and taste are just beautiful. Looking forward to following along.
Oh my gosh! Too close for comfort!!!
Why, my dear would you even think of a shower with workmen around?? Guess a lesson well learned.


Download Book Magic On The Line An Allie Beckstrom Novel in PDF format. You can Read Online Magic On The Line An Allie Beckstrom Novel here in PDF, EPUB, Mobi or Docx formats.
Allison Beckstrom has willingly paid the price of pain to use magic, and has obeyed the rules of the Authority, the clandestine organization that makes-and enforces-all magic policy. But when the Authority's new boss, Bartholomew Wray, refuses to believe that the sudden rash of deaths in Portland might be caused by magic, Allie must choose to follow the Authority's rules, or turn against the very people for whom she's risked her life. To stop the plague of dark magic spreading through the city, all that she values will be on the line: her magic, her memories, her life. Now, as dead magic users rise to feed upon the innocent and the people closest to her begin to fall, Allie is about to run out of options.
The latest Broken Magic novel from national bestselling author Devon Monk. Marked by Life and Death magic, Shame Flynn and Terric Conley are "breakers"—those who can use magic to its full extent. Most of the time, they can barely stand each other, but they know they have to work together to defeat a common enemy—rogue magic user Eli Collins. Backed by the government, Eli is trying to use magic as a weapon by carving spells into the flesh of innocents and turning them into brainless walking bombs. To stop him, Shame and Terric will need to call on their magic, even as it threatens to consume them—because the price they must pay to wield Life and Death could change the very fate of the world...and magic itself. From the Paperback edition.
In steam age America, men, monsters, machines, and magic battle to claim the same scrap of earth and sky. In this chaos, one man fights to hold on to his humanity—and his honor.... Life on the frontier is full of deceit and danger, but bounty hunter Cedar Hunt is a man whose word is his bond. Cursed with becoming a beast every full moon, Cedar once believed his destiny was to be alone. But now Cedar finds himself saddled with a group of refugees, including the brother he once thought lost. Keeping his companions alive is no easy task, in part because of a promise he made to the unpredictable Madder brothers—three miners who know the secret mechanisms of the Strange. To keep his word, Cedar must navigate betrayal, lies, and treacherous alliances, and risk everything to save the lives of those he has come to hold dear.


Instead of writing everything from scratch, most real world programming depends on our ability to interface with existing libraries. This chapter will take a look at some of the most commonly used packages included with Go.
First a word of warning: although some of these libraries are fairly obvious (or have been explained in previous chapters), many of the libraries included with Go require specialized domain specific knowledge (for example: cryptography). It is beyond the scope of this book to explain these underlying technologies.
A Buffer doesn't have to be initialized and supports both the Reader and Writer interfaces. You can convert it into a byte by calling buf.Bytes(). If you only need to read from a string you can also use the strings.NewReader function which is more efficient than using a buffer.
In addition to lists and maps Go has several more collections available underneath the container package. We'll take a look at the container/list package as an example.
The zero value for a List is an empty list (a *List can also be created using list.New). Values are appended to the list using PushBack. We loop over each item in the list by getting the first element, and following all the links until we reach nil.
The Sort function in sort takes a sort.Interface and sorts it. The sort.Interface requires 3 methods: Len, Less and Swap. To define our own sort we create a new type (ByName) and make it equivalent to a slice of what we want to sort. We then define the 3 methods.
A hash function takes a set of data and reduces it to a smaller fixed size. Hashes are frequently used in programming for everything from looking up data to easily detecting changes. Hash functions in Go are broken into two categories: cryptographic and non-cryptographic.
Cryptographic hash functions are similar to their non-cryptographic counterparts, but they have the added property of being hard to reverse. Given the cryptographic hash of a set of data, it's extremely difficult to determine what made the hash. These hashes are often used in security applications.
This example is very similar to the crc32 one, because both crc32 and sha1 implement the hash.Hash interface. The main difference is that whereas crc32 computes a 32 bit hash, sha1 computes a 160 bit hash. There is no native type to represent a 160 bit number, so we use a slice of 20 bytes instead.
This program is similar to the TCP example, except now we created an object to hold all the methods we want to expose and we call the Negate method from the client. See the documentation in net/rpc for more details.
Any additional non-flag arguments can be retrieved with flag.Args() which returns a string.
The preferred way to handle concurrency and synchronization in Go is through goroutines and channels as discussed in chapter 10. However Go does provide more traditional multithreading routines in the sync and sync/atomic packages.
When the mutex (m) is locked any other attempt to lock it will block until it is unlocked. Great care should be taken when using mutexes or the synchronization primitives provided in the sync/atomic package.
Traditional multithreaded programming is difficult; it's easy to make mistakes and those mistakes are hard to find, since they may depend on a very specific, relatively rare, and difficult to reproduce set of circumstances. One of Go's biggest strengths is that the concurrency features it provides are much easier to understand and use properly than threads and locks.


FHA single-family mortgages in NEW MEXICO can have down payments as little as 3.5%. In some cases, FHA insurance allows homebuyers to finance approximately 96.5% of the value of their home purchased with their FHA mortgage.
Among U.S. states, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics at close to 50%. It also has the third highest percentage of Native Americans after Alaska and Oklahoma. The New Mexican landscape ranges from wide, rose-colored deserts to broken mesas to high, snow-capped peaks. Despite the state's arid image, heavily forested mountain wildernesses cover a significant portion of the state, especially towards the north. The U.S. government protects millions of acres of New Mexico as national forests.
New Mexico is home to the Los Alamos National Laboratory. It was founded as part of the Manhattan Project to develop the first atomic bomb. A large artistic community thrives in Santa Fe, New Mexico's fourth largest city and its capital. New Mexico is a leading crude oil and gas producer in the United States.


text:
from django.conf import settings
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver

from tasks import update_paths

@receiver(post_save)
def post_save_renderer(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    if hasattr(sender, 'render_static'):
        paths = instance.render_static()
        if getattr(settings, 'MEDUSA_UPDATE_ASYNC', False):
            update_paths.delay(paths)
        else:
            update_paths(paths)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Abstract: Purpose: We investigate student corporate brand identification towards three corporate brands: a UK University, a leading UK business school and its overseas collaborative partner institute in Asia. Methodology: A theory-building case study within the phenomenological/ qualitative research tradition Findings: The strength of student identification to a corporate brand is predicated on awareness, knowledge and experience of a brand. The data revealed three types of corporate brand identification. This reflects different types of student relationships within the three institutions examined. We categorise these as follows: brand member (a contractual/legal relationship with a corporate brand); brand supporter (a trusting corporate brand relationship) and brand owner (an emotional ownership/relationship with the corporate brand). In explaining the above we view the above states in terms of a corporate brand identification management hierarchy which we categorise as legalisation, realisation and, finally, (brand) actualisation. Senior managers should strive for brand actualisation. Research Limitations: The insights from a single, exploratory, case study might not be generalisable. Practical Implications: We conceptualise that a bureaucratic/product management approach is more likely to result in low brand identification (legalisation); that a diplomatic/communications management approach is more likely to result in moderate brand identification (realisation) and finally, that a custodial/brand values and promise management approach is more likely to result in high brand identification (brand actualisation). These categorisations can have a utility in ascertaining the effectiveness of corporate brand management. Originality/value of paper: Examines multiple student identification (towards a University, Business School and a non degree-awarding Overseas Institute).


We are thrilled to announce a stellar group of Northwest Artists for the October BallardWorks Third Thursday Artwalk. With a variety of works including abstract, encaustic, sculptural lanterns, prints & watercolors, "From Another Era" reflects each artists interpretation of the concept. Join us for the opening reception on Oct.18th to celebrate this wonderful collection at Ballardworks gallery!


text:
What is it? That's what we'd like to know!!!
Corona Smith | 22.06.2006 10:50 | Bio-technology | Culture
See the strange thing!!!
A unique creature previously unknown in the annals of Zoology has been recently discovered in the city of Hull.
Zoologists are scratching their heads in wonder as we ask the people of Hull and beyond to tell us what it is.
Found on an allotment where it has been hidden for over forty years. the creature will be on display at Hull Maritime Museum from Saturday the 24th June, where it will remain for one whole month, before being taken to the British Museum for more extensive analysis.
Preliminary findings of zoologists have already yielded some rather interesting results, for example:
"The large skull in relation to the body size of the creature suggests a high encephalization quotient (EQ), the ratio of brain to body mass used as a rough estimate of the possible intelligence of an organism. This suggests that the animal could have had a level of intelligence similar to that of the 'higher' primates such as chimpanzees and humans."
Dr. Timothy Ludolus, Zoologist, University of Lincolnshire and Cumberland.
Reportedly brought to Hull sometime in 1944 by a soldier returning from North Africa who, for reasons of his own, has kept it in a metal box on an allotment since the early 1960's.
These remarkably well preserved remains will be on view at the above mentioned museum for all to view from this Saturday.
All enquiries and arrangements for telephone interviews should be sent to zooandlogical@yahoo.co.uk
Kind Regards, Corona Smith, Hull, June 2006.
!!! See the strange thing !!!
Corona Smith
e-mail: zooandlogical@yahoo.co.uk
Hide the following 4 comments
Booo
You couldn't have supplied a picture? Disappointed. :-(
Iwannaseeit
seen that before
are there 2 jags come with it?
bad george
Not That Clever
Cleverer than most humans... Obviously not a BNP member's skull...
Wren And Scampi
Thanks for the biting political satire Gentlemen, It really made me laugh...ahem....However this is a serious topic of the most importance to the future of the human race, please try not to belittle its majesty with coarse humour and ill informed opinions. Thank you.
Corona Smith.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: What is the elastic search query for nested aggregation to return buckets of count values? I have data of individual customers in Elastic Search, whose likings of Food_Item are stored as shown below. A customer likes many "Food_Items". So its a list. I have many customers also.
I have data in the following format:
{
   "id": 1,
   "customerName":"John",
   "likings":[
        {
           "Food_Item": "Pizza",
           "OnAScaleOfTen": 9
        },
        {
           "Food_Item": "Chinese",
           "OnAScaleOfTen": 10
        }
   ]
},

{
   "id": 2,
   "customerName":"Mary",
   "likings":[
        {
           "Food_Item": "Burger",
           "OnAScaleOfTen": 10
        },
        {
           "Food_Item": "Chinese",
           "OnAScaleOfTen": 6
        }
   ]
}

Now if i want to bucket list the unique "Food_Items" and their corresponding count something like this in the AGGR result:
"Liking_Status": {
            "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
            "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
            "buckets": [
                {
                    "key": "Chinese",
                    "Liking Count": {
                        "value": 2
                    }
                },
                {
                    "key": "Pizza",
                    "Liking Count": {
                        "value": 1
                    }
                },
                {
                    "key": "Burger",
                    "Liking Count": {
                        "value": 1
                    }
                }]}

My mapping for the index is:
{

    "mappings": {
        "doc": {
            "properties": {
                "customerName": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "id": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "likings": {
        "type":"nested",
                    "properties": {
                        "Food_Item": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "OnAScaleOfTen": {
                            "type": "long"
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Can anyone help me with the Elastic Search Query. Thank you.

A: What you need is nested aggregation.
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "buckets": { //aggregating on nested field
      "nested": {
        "path": "likings"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "liking_count": {//term aggregation on the obj
          "terms": {
            "field": "likings.Food_Item.keyword"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Mapping:
I just mentioned that likings as nested. Apart from others are default. In this case, Food_Item is a text. Terms aggs works on keywords. So used keyword version of it from the index.
Output:
"aggregations": {
        "buckets": {
            "doc_count": 4,
            "liking_count": { //You can name what you want here
                "doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
                "sum_other_doc_count": 0,
                "buckets": [
                    {
                        "key": "Chinese",
                        "doc_count": 2
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "Burger",
                        "doc_count": 1
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "Pizza",
                        "doc_count": 1
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
\section{Introduction}

\noindent
At the Tevatron $p\bar p$ collider top quarks are produced mainly in pairs
through quark-antiquark annihilation ($\sim 85\%$) and gluon-gluon fusion
($\sim 15\%$) processes.
In the standard model (SM) the calculated cross section for pair production
is $6.7^{+0.7}_{-0.9}$ pb \cite{topthxsec} for a reference top mass of $175$ GeV/$c^2$,
and varies linearly with a slope of $-0.2$ pb/GeV/$c^2$ with the top quark
mass in the range $170$ GeV/$c^2 < m_t < 190$ GeV/$c^2$.
Accurate measurements of the $t\bar t$ production cross section serve as
important test of QCD calculation, and provide probes toward new
physics signals involving non-SM production processes or $t\bar t$ decays.
Because the
CKM element $V_{tb}$ is close
to unity and $m_t$ is large, the SM top quark decays  to a $W$ boson
and a $b$ quark almost $100\%$ of the time. The final state of top quark pair
production thus includes two $W$ bosons and two $b$-quark jets.
The $t\bar t$ experimental signatures are in general classified into three main
categories:
the {\em di-lepton} category represents the case in which both $W$ bosons decay
leptonically; the {\em lepton+jets} signature arises when
one of the $W$ decays hadronically and the other into $l\nu_l$ (where $l=e,\mu,\tau$);
finally, the {\em all-hadronic} channel corresponds to the case in which both
$W$ bosons decay into quarks.
In this proceeding a review of cross section measurements in various decays
channels and using different methods will be given, followed by a short
description of some related searches for new physics hints.

\section{Top pair production cross section measurements}
\subsection{The dilepton channels}

\noindent
The $t\bar t$ dilepton channel accounts for $10.3\%$ of the total SM branching
ratio. The experimental signature for these decays consist of two high-$p_T$,
opposite sign leptons ($p_T\ge 15$ GeV/$c$), missing transverse energy
($\met \ge 20\div 30$ GeV) and two or more high-$E_T$ jets from $b$-quark
hadronization ($E_T \ge 15\div 20$ GeV).
The physics backgrounds to the $t\bar t$ signal are due mainly to $Z/\gamma^*$+jets and
diboson production ($WW/WZ/ZZ$+jets), and are estimated from Monte Carlo simulation.
Instrumental backgrounds are generated by lepton mis-identification ($i.e.$ from badly
reconstructed jets), artificial $\met$ from detector resolution effects or mis-measured
jets, and by mis-identified $b-$jets in analyses exploiting $b$-tagging techniques.
These background are estimated directly from data.

$D\O$ reports a combination of two analyses in the dilepton channel using
$1.05$ fb$^{-1}$. In the standard dilepton analysis two well-identified and isolated
leptons are used to discriminate the $t\bar t$ signal from
backgrounds. On the other hand, the so-called lepton+track analysis relaxes
the identification requirements on the second lepton to an isolated track and
restores the signal to background ratio by requiring $b$-jets identification.
In this way lepton+track selected events increase by $\sim 30\%$ the total
$t\bar t$ acceptance, in particular with respect to $W\to\tau\nu_\tau$
decays. The combined dilepton and lepton+track samples provide a cross section
measurement of $\sigma_{t\bar t} = 6.2 \pm 0.9$(stat.) $\pm 0.7$(syst.) $\pm 0.5$ (lumi.) pb
for $m_t = 175$ GeV/$c^2$, with a total relative uncertainty of
$19\%$ \cite{d0dil}.

CDF reports three different measurements in the dilepton channel:
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 6.2 \pm 1.0$(stat.) $\pm 0.7$(syst.) $\pm 0.4$(lumi.) pb, using
a data sample selected by requiring two well identified $e$ or $\mu$;
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 8.3 \pm 1.3$(stat.) $\pm 0.7$(syst.) $\pm 0.5$(lumi.) pb, and
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 10.1 \pm 1.8$(stat.) $\pm 1.1$(syst.) $\pm 0.6$(lumi.) pb, in
the lepton+track and and lepton+track plus $b$-tag channels respectively \cite{cdfdil}.

In addition to the traditional analyses involving $e/\mu$ lepton pairs outline above,
$D\O$ reports measurements in the $e/\mu +\tau$ channel, which are of particular
interest to look for effect beyond the SM, like those involving
$t\to H^+b \to \tau \nu_\tau b$ decays.
Events are selected requiring one well identified $e$ or $\mu$, and a $\tau$ candidate
satisfying a Neural Network selection optimized for $\tau$-hadronic decays. In
addition, at least one jets is required to be identified as originating from $b$-quark.
The $t\bar t$ cross section is measured assuming SM branching ratios, including
extra signal acceptance from $t\bar t$ events in the dilepton or lepton+jets channel in
which one electron or a jets mimics the $\tau$-signature. The cross section is
measured to be
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 8.3^{+2.0}_{-1.8}$(stat.) $^{+1.4}_{-1.2}$(syst.) $\pm 0.5$(lumi.) pb.
On the other hand, assuming the SM cross section, the values of the
exclusive $\sigma_{t\bar t}\times BR(t\bar t\to e+\tau+2\nu+2b)$ and
$\sigma_{t\bar t}\times BR(t\bar t\to \mu+\tau+2\nu+2b$) are found to be
$0.19 ^{+0.12}_{-0.10}$(stat) $\pm 0.07$(syst.) pb, and
$0.18 ^{+0.13}_{-0.11}$(stat) $\pm 0.09$(syst.) pb respectively \cite{d0taulep}.
These measurements are in good agreement with the SM expectation of 0.13 pb
and 0.12 pb for the $e+\tau$ and $\mu+\tau$ channels respectively.

\subsection{The Lepton+jets channel}

\noindent
Lepton+jets $t\bar t$ decays account for up to $43.5\%$ of the total branching ratio when
all lepton flavors are considered, and it
is widely used for top-quark properties measurements.

In general, except for the results outlined in \cite{cdfmetjets},
the basic event selection requires one well-identified high-$p_T$ $e$ or $\mu$
($p_T \ge 20$ GeV/$c$), missing transverse energy ($\met \ge 20\div 30$ GeV) and
at least three high-$E_T$ jets ($E_T\ge 15 \div 20$ GeV), two of which can
be required to satisfy $b$-tagging requirements.
The dominant physics background originates from $W$+jets production, with small
contributions from $Z\to\tau\tau$, single top and diboson production processes.
Instrumental background is mainly due to fake isolated
leptons in multijet events. Background contributions are calculated from
Monte Carlo simulation and data.

To separate the $t\bar t$ signal from background contributions two approaches
are followed. The first, in addition to the core selection outlined above, adopts
$b$-jets identification algorithms to increase the sample purity. The second
one, since no single kinematical variables provides sufficient discrimination
power, makes use of a complex topological discriminant exploiting multiple kinematical
properties of the events, $i.e.$ the $\Delta R$ between leptons and jets, or between
jets, the total event transverse energy ($H_T$), aplanarity, and sphericity.
The latter approach is of particular interest since it does not rely on
$b$-tagging techniques, and is free from the $BR(t\to Wb)\sim 1$ assumption.

$D\O$ reports results from a combination of these two techniques,
using $0.9 fb^{-1}$, providing a $t\bar t$ cross section determination with a
relative total uncertainty of $\sim 10\%$, at the same level of the theoretical
uncertainty
($\sigma_{t\bar t} = 7.42\pm 0.53$(stat.)$\pm 0.46$ (syst.) $\pm 0.45$(lumi.) pb
\cite{d0ljcomb}).
Additionally a simultaneous measurement of the $t\bar t$ production cross
section and of the ratio $R=\frac{BR(t\to Wb)}{BR(t\to Wq)}$ provides the best
single measurement of the $\sigma_{t\bar t}$ to date: $8.18 ^{+0.90}_{-0.84}$
(stat.+syst.)$\pm 0.5$(lumi.) pb\cite{d0ljRs}.

CDF reports different measurements of the $t\bar t$ cross section in the lepton+jets
channel as well. The analysis requiring at least one identified $b$-jet in addition
to the standard selection, measures
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 8.2\pm 0.5$(stat.) $\pm 0.8$(syst.) $\pm 0.5$(lumi.) pb
\cite{cdfljbtag}
($\sim 13\%$ relative uncertainty). Other measurements using a topological discriminant
or a combined secondary vertex and Neural Network tagger are reported in
\cite{cdfljother}, for a data sample of approximately $0.7$ fb$^{-1}$.
The main sources of systematic uncertainty, as in the case of the dilepton channel,
are due to lepton identification, jet energy scale, background and Monte Carlo normalization,
and $b$-tagging efficiency.

\subsection{The All-hadronic channel}

The all-hadronic channel has the highest branching ratio ($46.2\%$),
but suffers from the largest background contribution.
All-hadronic $t\bar t$ events are characterized by the basic
signature of 6 or more high-$E_T$ jets, two of which originate from $b$-quark.
The physics background is due to QCD multijet production, which can be reduced
by applying specific topological and kinematical Neural Network based selection in combination
with $b$-tagging requirements.

CDF and $D\O$ report measurements\cite{cdfd0allhad}
in this channel using $1.05$ fb$^{-1}$ and $0.4$ fb$^{-1}$ to be
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 8.3\pm 1.0$(stat.) $^{+2.0}_{-1.5}$(syst.) $\pm 0.5$(lumi.) pb,
and
$\sigma_{t\bar t} = 4.5^{+2.0}_{-1.9}$(stat.) $^{+1.4}_{-1.1}$(syst.) $\pm 0.3$(lumi.) pb,
respectively. The main systematics for these measurements is related to uncertainties
in the jet energy scale.

\section{Top quark production cross section properties, and probes toward new physics}

\subsection{Lepton+jets/dilepton cross section ratio}

The ratio between $t\bar t$ cross section measurements in the lepton+jets and
dilepton channel is sensitive to non-SM top decays: top quark pair
decays involving a charged Higgs boson could enhance the observed lepton+jets
cross section ratio, while lowering the dilepton one. $D\O$ report
a measurement of  $R=\frac{\sigma_{t\bar t}^{l+jets}}{\sigma_{t\bar t}^{dil}} = 1.21 ^{+0.27}_{-0.26}$,
in good agreement with the SM expectation of unity.
Moreover, assuming a $m_{H^+}\sim m_W$, and $BR(H^\pm\to cs\sim 1$), a 95\% C.L. upper
limit is set at 0.35 for the $BR(t\to H^+b)$ \cite{d0ratio}.

\subsection{Top pair production properties and resonance searches}

Top quark pairs at the Tevatron center-of-mass energy ($\sqrt{s}= 1.96 TeV$) are
produced mainly through quark-antiquark annihilation and gluon-gluon
fusion processes. The relative fraction of gluon-gluon production processes, $F_{GG}$,
is measured by CDF using $0.95$ fb$^{-1}$. The result is obtained by combining
two methods using low-$p_T$ track multiplicity and kinematical variables to
discriminate between the two production mechanisms. $F_{GG}$ is measured to
be $0.07^{+0.15}_{-0.07}$ (stat+syst) and is constrained to be less than
0.38 at $95\%$ C.L. \cite{cdfFgg}, in good agreement with the SM expected
value of 0.15.

The $t\bar t$ invariant mass spectra obtained in the lepton+jets channel
is used by both collaborations to check for shape distortion effects
or for the presence of bump yielded by physics processes beyond the SM.
The technicolor $Z^\prime$ has been excluded at 95\% C.L. for masses
below  760 GeV/$c^2$ (by $D\O$ using $2.1$ fb$^{-1}$) and 720 GeV/$c^2$
(by CDF using $0.95$ fb$^{-1}$) \cite{d0cdfbump}.

Additionally, distortion of the $t\bar t$ invariant mass shapes due to the
interference between quark-quark annihilation processes mediated by standard
massless gluons and hypothetical massive ones has been checked by CDF using $1.9$ fb$^{-1}$.
The overall agreement with respect to the SM, in terms of massive gluon coupling strength,
is within 1.7 $\sigma$ for
massive gluon masses, $M_G$, from 400 to 800 GeV/c$^2$, and widths in the
range $[0.05; 0.5]M_G$\cite{cdfmg}.

Finally, the differential cross section $d\sigma_{t\bar t}/dM_{t\bar t}$,
corrected for detector resolution effects using regularized unfolding techniques,
is measured using $1.9$ fb$^{-1}$, and is found to be consistent with SM expectation
with a probability of 45\% \cite{cdfmg}.

\section{Conclusions}

The $t\bar t$ production cross section has been measured by CDF and $D\O$
collaborations in different channels and using different methods.
Possible hints of physics beyond the SM affecting $t\bar t$ production or
decays are investigated using the cross section information, searching for
shape distortions or bumps in the $t\bar t$ invariant mass spectra in the
lepton+jets channel, or measuring cross section ratio in different channels.
In all cases, current experimental measurements are in agreement with SM expectations.
Many updates are foreseen for the Summer 2008.

\section*{Acknowledgments}

I would like to thank CDF and $D\O$ collaborators, and top-group conveners
for their
suggestions and help. I would also like to thank Moriond QCD 2008
organizers for the very pleasant, and at the same time interesting and
professional conference atmosphere.

\section*{References}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
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Left-wing critics of Israel are rarely antisemitic
In the light of a recent article by Guardian journalist Jonathan Freedland on the sacking of Rebecca Long-Bailey, Dr Alan Maddison looks at the argument made there that left-wing critics of Israel are usually motivated by antisemitism.
The evidence available shows overwhelmingly that this is not the case; left-wing critics of Israel are most often driven by values of human rights, social justice and equality.
JVL would add that it is arguable that, pushing the false narrative that antisemitism linked to criticism of Israeli policies is widespread on the left in the teeth of the evidence, has made a major contribution to the genuine feelings of insecurity experienced by Jews in Britain.
Without in any way denying that antisemitism obviously exists on the left, as this article shows the prevalence is low, and the problem of antisemitism in Britain today is, as it always has been, a problem located most firmly on the right and far right of the political spectrum.
by Dr Alan Maddison
Sat 11 Jul 2020
Jonathan Freedland has just penned an article in the Guardian entitled "The sacking of Long-Bailey shows that, at last, Labour is serious about antisemitism". (1)
If you define antisemitism as a hatred or dislike of Jewish people simply because they are Jews, then that title is obviously inaccurate.
Keir Starmer sacked RLB because she had re-tweeted an article from the Independent which included one sentence in which the actor Maxine Peake incorrectly claimed that the police who killed George Floyd had learned the 'knee on neck" technique in Israel.
Starmer judged this to be antisemitic yet provides no evidence. He seems to be influenced by the opinion of people like Freedland, or organizations like the Board of Deputies of British Jews, that it was.
There has been much debate since about whether Peake's comment could technically even be perceived as antisemitic, let alone be motivated by animosity towards Jews in general. Some say Peake's error was a reasonable one given that it is well known that Israel has provided training to US police, and that there are frequent images shown of Israel's security forces using this cruel restraint technique on Palestinians.
However, Freedland saw Peake's comment as part of an obvious antisemitic conspiracy theory. He thought Starmer was right to sack RLB promptly for failing to see such 'staring you in the face antisemitism', even if restricted to one sentence in the article. He suggests that Peake used criticism of Israel as a proxy for her 'hatred towards Jews' as he thought many others often do. In fact Freedland has written elsewhere that he thinks criticism of Israel is usually antisemitic. (2)
But the evidence demonstates that Freedland is wrong.
Many may condemn Israeli policies but few will be antisemitic
A correlation between anti-Israel and antisemitic sentiments was investigated in one of the largest and detailed surveys ever undertaken in Britain, published by L. Daniel Staetsky from the Institute of Jewish Policy Research in 2017. (3)
From this survey the frequency of agreements with various anti-Israel statements are illustrated below.
Probably influenced by media stories, conflating antisemitism and criticism of Israel, over the years the majority of British Jews surveyed had found these statements to be definitely or probably antisemitic.
However, Staetsky's extensive analysis revealed that only around 2% of non Jews endorsing these statements were likely to be 'antisemitic' in terms of holding negative views about Jews.
This means that for the range of statements in Table 1, between 80-90% of agreements were motivated by other views or values, not antisemitism.
More detail was provided from the same data-base in a subsequent publication by David Graham and Jonathan Boyd. (4) Their results for the apartheid statement are shown below.
From Figure 1 we can calculate that those British Jews who felt this particular apartheid statement was definitely or probably motivated by animosity towards them would be wrong 90% of the time.
That evidence should be more reassuring for British Jews than the grossly exaggerated claims of people like Freedland, yet is rarely communicated to them.
Graham and Boyd also reported that of those in agreement with the statement, 'People should boycott Israeli goods and products' 83% did not seem to be motivated by antisemitism .
Greater awareness of this could also reduce anxiety for many British Jews – especially as calls for a boycott are bound to increase if Netanyahu goes ahead with his plans to annex the occupied West Bank.
Labour supporters may criticise Israeli policies more often than right-wingers but fewer of them are antisemitic.
The political affiliation evidence may also surprise you because, contrary to the media noise, the prevalence of antisemitism reported in the initial Staetsky survey was found to be lower for left-wingers than right-wingers, and was especially high for the far right. (5)
In contrast, the endorsement of the apartheid and boycott statements was more frequent on the left than right. Such differences could clearly not be driven by any antisemitism.
Given the past reactions towards apartheid in South Africa, opposed by Labour and denied by the Conservatives, it is not surprising that endorsements of the apartheid and boycott statements were greater for Labour than Conservative supporters in this Staetsky survey.
The agreement levels are shown in Figure 2 along with associated antisemitism estimated from data in the initial Staetsky report.
So a British Jew may be more likely to hear a Labour supporter talking about Israel's segregation and discrimination based on religion or ethnicity as being apartheid, but from this data it will not be motivated by antisemitism in a very large number – 94%– of cases.
Conservatives may talk about Israel's apartheid policies less often but even then it will not be linked to antisemitism in 87% of cases.
When we see evidence for a greater incidence of antisemitism reported among Conservatives, the singling out of Labour for media attack is not justified on this basis. It seems more likely to do with silencing legitimate left-wing debate and comments about Israel's racism towards Palestinians.
Far left critics of Israel do not usually dislike Jews either.
In a recent article in the Economist (6) the findings of the Staetsky study were found to be comparable with those of a YouGov study of similar design undertaken in the USA.
They reported for the UK that strong critics of Israel were more common on the far left than in the centre of politics, but the far left shared similarly low levels of antisemitism with the centre. There were more critics of Israel on the far right than centre, but antisemitism on the far right was three times greater.
The author of the Economist article concluded, "The data simply show that most left-wingers who criticise Israel do not dislike Jews as people".
Such evidence may be why Jewish Voice for Peace announced that 40 Jewish organizations had called for an end to conflating antisemitism with anti-Israel sentiment. (7) They referred to,
"…cynical and false accusations of antisemitism that dangerously conflate anti-Jewish racism with opposition to Israel's policies and system of occupation and apartheid."
There has been a relentless programme of propaganda by those wishing to silence necessary debate on Israel's brutal treatment of Palestinians. But the truth is that criticism of Israel on the left and far left is not antisemitic in over 90% of cases; instead it is driven by commendable values of human rights, social justice and equality.
Keir Starmer may just have been misguided by the likes of Freedland and the Board of Deputies, or he may be continuing the Labour right's factional antisemitism campaign to destroy the left. His failure to criticise racism and antisemitism on the right of the Party with equal vigour is of great concern.
Whatever the true motivation behind Starmer's judgment on Maxine Peake and RLB, in general there would be more than a 90% probability that he had wrongly and publicly smeared the characters of yet another two innocent and principled people. Given the specifics of this case it is almost a certainty.
1. The sacking of Long-Bailey shows that, at last, Labour is serious about antisemitism, Jonathan Freedland, The Guardian 26 June 2020
2. Why Jonathan Freedland Isn't Fit to be the New Editor-in-Chief of the Guardian, Blake Alcott, Counterpunch, February 2015
3. Antisemitism in contemporary Great Britain, L Daniel Staetsky, Institute for Jewish Policy Research, September 2017
4. The apartheid contention and calls for a boycott Examining hostility towards Israel in Great Britain, David Graham and Jonathan Boyd, Institute of Jewish Policy Research, January 2019
5. Smoke Without Fire: The Myth of a 'Labour Antisemitism Crisis', by Jamie Stern-Weiner and Alan Maddison, Jewish Voice for Labour, 26 November 2019
6. Drawing the line between anti-Semitism and criticism of Israel,The Economist, 12 October 2019
7. First-ever: 40+ Jewish groups worldwide oppose equating antisemitism with criticism of Israel, Rebecca Vikomerson, Jewish Voice for Peace, 17 July 2018
Naomi Wayne says:
11th July 2020 at 21:01
This is very useful. It would have been more so if it could have been a bit longer and a bit clearer on the methodology of deciding whether people expressing views about, say, Israeli apartheid, were also deemed to be antisemitic or not. I think you have probably written another article about this, but this one would have been improved by more clarity on the a/s issue itself.
Andy Kennedy says:
"Keir Starmer may just have been misguided by the likes of Freedland and the Board of Deputies, or he may be continuing the Labour right's factional antisemitism campaign to destroy the left. " Following the Steve Reed incident it's now clear that Starmer's motivation is not ridding the party of antisemites, but anyone from the left.
Philip Ward says:
I think it is fairly clear Keir Starmer knew exactly what he was doing. He didn't want RLB in the shadow cabinet and he found the earliest possible and feeblest excuse to get rid of her, possibly ruining the career of a fine actor in the process.
He is also surely well-versed in the intricacies of the Israel-Palestinian conflict. If not, he didn't get much of a political education during his tenure as a member or supporter of the International Revolutionary Marxist Tendency.
Janet Watson says:
Another great fact-driven analysis. Thank you JVL for being the voice of reason.
Jay Henderson says:
Why do you conclude that Maxine Peak`s comment to long Bailey was "mistaken"? After having looked at what she said and having researched I cannot find ANY inaccuracy in her comment!!
The "combat" or "defense" system used by Israeli security forces is called Krav Maga. Used first in the 1930`s by Jews to retaliate against Nazi persecution then taken to Israel where it is deployed today.
The main Krav Maga head company is in Israel
A scource called JINSA , a Jewish/American company provides much corroboration of American forces being trained in Krav Maga tecniques in Israel and in America.
Knee on neck restraint IS a Krav Maga move. Perhaps, most interestingly JONATHON FADER, a leading Krav Maga Instructor has released a video of the correct usage of the knee on neck hold. This video was made just after Floyd`s death. Fader seems to show what the American Police did wrong.
all my info is from primary scources none from anyone who might be hostile to Israeli interests
So, Isrealis Do train American forces (they also train other countries) their combat system IS Krav Maga, Krav Maga DOES use knee on neck restraint. Perhaps the American officer used this restraint incorrectly, but tell, did Maxine Peak say anything actually inaccurate? If so I must be thick cos I can`t see what. What I can clearly see is that Long Bailey gets sacked for tweeting the truth. A truth that Mr Starmer does`nt like?
George Wilmers says:
"Keir Starmer may just have been misguided by the likes of Freedland and the Board of Deputies".
It is highly implausible that a lawyer as sharp as Keir Starmer is unaware of the distinction between antisemitism and opposing the apartheid and colonial character of the current Israeli régime, given that a plethora of eminent jurists, many of them Jewish, have torn to shreds such a conflation. Starmer's apparent dimwittedness in this respect is a mere affectation. Nor do I believe that it is plausible that the objectively racist way in which he dismisses and slanders those who defend the rights of Palestinians and others is the mark of a true bigot. Again his apparently dimwitted bigotry is almost certainly fake. Alas, despite his youthful reputation as a human rights lawyer, I fear that Starmer knows perfectly well what he is doing: and we on the left should be under no illusions whatsoever.
However Keir Starmer would do well to remember that, whatever the short term advantages of cynical political calculations may be, it is difficult to hide such machinations from the judgement of history.
John R says:
I am fairly sure that it wasn't socialists, trade unionists or left-wing people generally who were regularly "blackballing" prospective Jewish members from their golf clubs and elite London clubs in the 1950s and 60s.
Aurangzeb Iqbal says:
It is now coming to light according to Stephen Cook of the US Council on Foreign Relations that it was never the desire of the USA or Israel for there to be a two state solution who writes:
"The tragedy in all this is the permanent dispossession of the Palestinians, who will no doubt be outraged at Washington's washing its hands of the conflict, sealing their fate to live forever under the boot of the IDF or shoved into Bantustans. They would be justified in their anger. They have also misread core U.S. interests in the Middle East, which really are not concerned with the Palestinians, who, against all evidence, trusted the United States."
Yet, the land grab, killings and injustices continue unabated.
Tony Dennis says:
As a footnote to this, it's worth noting that the oh-so-liberal Guardian didn't allow any on-line comments on the Freedland article.
ian duncan kemp says:
Another very good article. Freedland in the Guardian and Cohen in Observer have been regular in their believe that any criticism of Israel could be considered antisemitic. The same goes for Hodge and many on the so called Labour right. The media also regularly conflates A/S with criticism of Israel as suspect. LBC's James O'Brian will often conflate A/S with Labour left and shut down anyone who has alternative views.
Steve Cooke says:
Alan Maddison writes: "Jonathan Freedland has just penned an article in the Guardian entitled 'The sacking of Long-Bailey shows that, at last, Labour is serious about antisemitism'. If you define antisemitism as a hatred or dislike of Jewish people simply because they are Jews, then that title is obviously inaccurate."
The 'hatred of Jews as Jews' formulation attempts to purify antisemitism in order to avoid acknowledging it or doing something to address it.
Very few people with antisemitic views will admit they are motivated by hatred or dislike of Jews. They will identify another issue as a just cause for their actions and claim that that issue – rather than the Jewishness of the people they target – is what motivates them and justifies their conduct. And they will likely believe what they are saying.
By Dr Maddison's logic, we would ask Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin if he hated Black Americans as Black Americans. He would say that he didn't and we would therefore conclude that George Floyd's brutal murder cannot have been motivated by racism. We would discover that many Democratic Football Lads Alliance activists have friends and colleagues who are Muslims and therefore conclude that they can't be Islamophobic because they evidently don't hate Muslims as Muslims.
It's clear who the main beneficiaries of this bogus left wing antisemitism narrative are. The British Establishment and the Israeli Lobby will manufacture all manner of misleading reports and analysis to discredit those who represent a threat to their interests. So we've had so called reports linking a rise in antisemitic "incidents" to Labour antisemitism. We've had claims that a Corbyn-led government would represent an existential threat to the Jewish community. Unfortunately the evidence-based survey referred to in this informative article appears to have been ignored by the mainstream media. This will not come as a surprise to supporters of this site. The same mainstream media then went on to report Jewish anxieties about Labour concocted by themselves. Quite shameful. The latest episode in this drama is more of the same. A sentence relating Israeli security forces dressed up as an antisemitic conspiracy. Keir Starmer knows this is nonsense but goes along with it because he thinks it serves his purpose. It enables him to get RLB out the shadow cabinet and earns him some brownie points with the establishment and their organs of relentless propogancda. Its all very sordid.
The latest instalment of the witch hunt facilitated by the infamous right mag The Daily Express in today's edition. Check it out.
The Israeli lobby using an ex LP MP to attack the left wing MPs.. Sound familiar?
Dr ALAN MADDISON says:
Thanks for all the interesting comments.
On Steve Cooke's point, of course criticism of Israeli policies can be motivated by antisemitism as shown in my illustrations. The point is that such criticism in itself is not evidence for animosity towards Jews. Even the IHRA working definition acknowledges the need for further evidence of hatred towards Jews (their definition). Perpetrators' claims to innocence may indeed be false, but for the vast majority of left-wingers criticising Israel, as we see in the article, any denial would be valid. Freedland made a public assumption of blatant antisemitism which was not justified, and which the available evidence and context suggest was almost certainly wrong.
To Naomi Wayne's point, apologies, yes I should have clarified that the 'associated antisemitism' in Staetsky's survey was defined by agreement with 5 or more of a battery of 8 'antisemitic statements', which involved 3.6% of his responders. There are two further observations I could have mentioned. Firstly only around 2% of those endorsing the anti-Israel statements in Table 1 were 'antisemitic', so clearly, as Staetsky concluded, not all 'antisemites' are ' anti-Israel' and vice versa. Secondly, for those that were, we do not know whether it was an initial antisemitism that led to dislike of Israeli policies, or the other way around.
RC says:
A yawning gap in this thread is the affection of many sorts of Zionist for antisemites. Herzl detected an ally in the loathsome Drumont and has had many Zionist successors – nowadays usually somewhat more implicit. Those who regard Jews as essentially alien in gentile-majority societies and those address this problem?e who claim that all Jews belong in Israel, which offers them 'self-determination' regardless of where they live – these two factions will always have a lot in common. Examples in Eastern Europe – including but not only Latvia and Poland – as well as Steve Bannon and Donald Trump – are two many to list.
So why fail to address this issue?
Comments are now closed.
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How Starmer's Labour reversed 40 years of progress on Israel and Palestine
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Racism in political parties: Why are some voices not heard?
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Fact-checking FactCheck: Antisemitism in the Labour Party
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Long-Bailey's Sacking Shows How Antisemitism Has Been Dangerously Redefined
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Isaac Asimov On Antisemitism And The Universality Of Prejudice
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Fault lines in the fight against racism and antisemitism
Antisemitism, Anti-racism and Zionism: Old Debates, Contemporary Contestations
Instrumentalising antisemitism
Lying at the feet of giants
The trail of lies and tears
A brief response to Chief Rabbi Mirvis
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An amazing tote with colorful graphics to perk up your style statement.
It is spacious enough to carry your laptop and day to day necessities and has been designed with a little twist in the aesthetics. The material used is high quality durable canvas for perfection. It can be used on a daily basis and also on a casual outing.


-Pablo Fraga truly "listens with his heart." He is kind, tender-hearted, compassionate and sensitive to the needs of his peers. He relates to lessons about helping others and constantly states that he will "be nice" to everyone, which he is! Pablo is truly generous with his heart and his a good friend to all in his class.


Wireless technology is synonymous with life in our modern age, and it has encompassed our lives in a myriad of ways. With wireless home theater, the unsightly wires sprawling along the wall is no longer necessary. Now you can place your speakers any way that you prefer. But the market is filled with many types of wireless home theaters. To choose the best wireless home theater, we have put together some tips after going through thousands of reviews on the Internet.
If you intend to upgrade your audio or video experience, these tips will help you listen to your favorite music and watch spell-bounding movies without any hassles.
Check the speaker setup: Choose the type of wireless home theater that would suit your needs. The most basic is a 5.1 speaker system, which means that there are five speakers (front left and right speakers, a center channel, and two surround channels) plus one subwoofer. You can upgrade later to a mini-theater aural experience, ranging anywhere from a 6.1 to an 11.1 system.
Check the subwoofer: Examine the subwoofer that comes with the system. The sub-woofers, also referred to as low-frequency effects, assist in capturing all the low-frequency or bass sound that helps in making the music more tangible than just audible. For instance, if there is thunder, you would be able to feel the vibration.
Check the power rating: Look for the power rating and the impedance. The power rating will help you understand the amount of energy the equipment requires to run. If the speaker comes with low impedance, it will enable more current to pass through, resulting in louder volumes.
Opt for a speaker-friendly amp: Go with a speaker-friendly amp: if the amp isn't designed to handle low-impedance speakers, the amp may overheat, because it is drawing more current when the volume is turned up.


Most software products need an interface. That interface can come in different forms, but usually boils down to either an installed program, or a browser-based web application. For the desktop (mobile is another issue entirely), web apps seemed to have the upper hand, but successful newcomers — like Slack — and old timers — like Skype — indicate that the issue is still unresolved.
What's the right tool for the job? Benedict Evans looks for a way to think about this question for productivity applications beyond feature collections. He argues that the difference between messaging and applications is blurring, and that is because the job we are usually trying to accomplish with software is largely based on a communication need. Certainly true if inclusive of humans and other software but, as he says, the trade offs are difficult. Lotus Notes for example, was both successful and ultimately a failure because of these kinds of choices.
Ben Thompson takes off on John Gruber's complaint about fat slow websites, and basically argues that publishers don't have a choice and, in effect, neither do advertisers. Ad exchanges and programmatic advertising work well enough (I know, except when they don't) that advertisers can't ignore them.
… if advertisers are only spending money — and a lot of it — on programmatic advertising, then it follows that the only way for publishers to make money is to use programmatic advertising.
Frédéric Filloux measures a few news sites and comes down hard on designers, but I think he means to include other decision makers as well.
Can publishers find a sustainable business model this new age of Facebook/Apple/Snapchat/Twitter/Google distributed content? And is local news destined to be left behind?
I'm sure there are exceptions, but design has almost always followed function in software development. That was never a great situation, but today's reality of the constant additions of new form factors forces us to figure out how build function and design in a more parallel and earlier iterative environment. Responsive design is an important approach to dress up the past and get started with workable multichannel publishing, but its scale is limited. Josh Puckett has some great ideas and links to other discussions.
Since our tools shape our thinking, it's critical that we have design tools that allow us to go beyond the static thinking that has encumbered us for so long. While it's technically possible to design and optimize for various layouts and orientations today, it's tedious and difficult, which means that we often don't do it.
Steven Levy comments on this year's I/O event. He does a nice job of explaining deep linking / app indexing, and the much mentioned Google Now on Tap in the context of Google's mobile and search challenges.
Apple is making it much easier to access the web from apps and developers are interested. iOS 9 and Safari View Controller: The Future of Web Views via MacStories.net.
In How Google is Taking Search Outside the Box Steven Levy comments on this year's I/O event. He does a nice job of explaining deep linking / app indexing, and the much mentioned Google Now on Tap in the context of Google's mobile and search challenges.
John Kirk is mostly right, but there is more to say. Though it's fun to speculate on Apple's initial intent, it is more useful to consider how the Apple watch actually fits into the the evolution of computing, and what it suggests about what comes next.
The effective purpose of the watch is not just to make computing more socially acceptable, or even more convenient, but to do so because computing is becoming part of the fabric of daily modern life and computing devices are inexorably shrinking. This is true across the spectrum from general purpose computers to single-purpose sensors.
The most important general purpose computer now is the smartphone. But smartphones got so small they had to get bigger because computing power is well ahead of the sophistication of our technology for communicating with them. The size of smartphones, and watches, limits their range of interactions, but is necessary for their individual utility, a prerequisite for convenience.
Convenience is a matter of degree, and no other computing devices had much of it to start and are still largely lacking. But the dramatic ramp-up in reach already happening with smartphones, and coming quickly with more ubiquitous computing clearly demands more convenience be designed in to the entire experience. This is Apple's wheelhouse.
When you squint your eyes and tilt your head, don't a lot of these products look awfully, well, similar? Don't they look pretty but, at times, a little dull?
Will Deep Links Ever Truly Be Deep?
For years, Google's mission included the preservation of the past… Two months ago, Larry Page said the company's outgrown its 14-year-old mission statement. Its ambitions have grown, and its priorities have shifted… Google in 2015 is focused on the present and future. Its social and mobile efforts, experiments with robotics and artificial intelligence, self-driving vehicles and fiberoptics.
If marketing technologists aren't scared by scads of software tools, data scientists shouldn't be either. Here is a knowledgable start at a landscape.
The Gilbane Conference on Content, Technology and Customer Experience takes place at the Fairmont Copley Plaza Hotel in Boston, December 1 – 3, 2015.
A modern customer experience must be holistic and seamless. Holistic in that customer communications be consistent within the company and across all touch points and channels, and seamless so that transitions between customer interactions are smooth and frictionless. This is a continuous process that requires an unprecedented amount of collaboration and integration between internal and external facing organizations and systems.
This year we focus on how to integrate content, data, and software to support a superior multichannel digital customer experience. Whether you are just getting started with managing multichannel content, need to improve the consistency of the web and mobile discovery experience, or are ready to integrate with an ecommerce, content marketing, business intelligence or other marketing or data management platform, join us to learn what your peers are doing and what experts are recommending.
Gilbane Advisor 3.31.15 – Is a Mobile Deep Linking Standard Necessary?
A bit of a contrary view. Long but lots to chew on.
And then there's Ben Thompson's analysis on why at least some publishers may not have a choice.
The problem is that online ads are inherently deflationary: just as content has zero marginal cost, so does ad inventory, which means it's trivial to make more. A limited amount of total advertising dollars spread over more inventory, though, means any individual ad is worth less and less.
This resulted in a bit of a prisoner's dilemma: the optimal action for any individual publication, particularly in the absence of differentiated ad placements or targeting capability, is to maximize ad placement opportunity (more content) and page views (more eyeballs), even though this action taken collectively only hastens the decline in the value of those ads. Perversely, the resultant cheaper ads only intensify the push to create more content and capture more eyeballs; quality is very quickly a casualty.
What a great framework for marketer and data expert collaboration.
One of the most shared statistics on mobile use is this one: Applications account for 86% of the time spend by users. This leaves a mere 14% for browser-based activities, i.e. sites designed for mobile, either especially coded for nomad consumption, built using responsive design techniques that adapt look and feel to screen size, or special WebApp designs such as FT.com.
Thinking about mobile platforms and demographics?
Is a Mobile Deep Linking Standard Necessary?
This is not a useful question. It is reasonable to ask whether a successful standard will ever be developed. Standards don't get created just because they are a good idea, but because they are forced by the market. And that takes time and painful politicking and negotiation between the big players, some influential small players, and more interested parties you would think possible.


4. Buyer's Premium. The Conditions of Sale oblige buyers to pay a buyer's premium at 15% on the hammer price of each lot purchased. VAT is charged on the premium (see below).
The buyer shall pay the hammer price together with a premium thereon of 15% which plus VAT on the premium at the rate imposed by law.