text:
Food and Nutrition Sciences
Vol. 3 No. 9 (2012) , Article ID: 22292 , 7 pages DOI:10.4236/fns.2012.39164
Comparative Study on Five Sudanese Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruit Cultivars
Abdel Moneim E. Sulieman1, Itimad A. Abd Elhafise2, Awad M. Abdelrahim2
●How to Cite this Article
1Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan; 2Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan.
Email: moneim_ug@yahoo.com
Received June 25th, 2012; revised August 10th, 2012; accepted August 18th, 2012
Keywords: Amino Acids; Carbohydrates; Chemical Composition; Dates; Fatty Acids; Salmonella
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind's oldest cultivated plants. A date palm fruit is an important component of the diet in most of the hot arid and semi arid regions of the world. The present study aimed at investigating the physical and chemical properties as well as microbiological characteristics of five date palm cultivars cultivated in Sudan. The results showed that the physical characteristics like fruit weight, length, flesh thickness, seed weight differed significantly between the various cultivars. Although most of the cultivars had similar chemical components, there were some few differences. However, the microbiological analyses proved that no significant differences were found among the cultivars.
The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind's oldest cultivated plants. It has been used as food for 6000 years [1]. It could be used for generations to come due to its remarkable nutritional, health and economic value, in addition to its aesthetic and environmental benefits. Every part of the date palm is useful. Dates offer useful prospects for fighting hunger and diseases.
A date palm fruit is an important component of the diet in most of the hot arid and semi arid regions of the world. It is found to contain carbohydrates (total sugars 44% - 88%), fats (0.2% - 0.4%), proteins (2.3% - 5.6 %), fibers (6.4% - 11.5%), minerals and vitamins [2].
Carbohydrates in dates are mostly in the form of fructose and glucose, which are easily absorbed by the human body. Interestingly, dates contain high concentrations of protein when compared to other cultivars of fruits such as apples, oranges, bananas and grapes (0.3%, 0.7%, 1.00%, and 1.00% proteins, respectively), as was reported by AlShowiman [3].
Twenty three different amino acids were found in date's proteins, many of which are not found in the most popular fruits [4]. There are more than 2000 different varieties of fresh dates [1]. Many fresh varieties are available throughout 8 months of the year. Packed, dry dates keep well without the addition of preservatives for at least 8 months, the high sugar content acting as an effective preservative.
Date palm is one of the major fruit crops in the Sudan. This mainly due to the prevailing favorable climate for date cultivation, availability of abundant irrigation water and long term experience acquired by the population in date cultivation together with related activities. The major production areas of dates are therefore, the Northern and Nile states, where the hot dry long summers and consequently the low relative humidity are ideal for date production. Thus a large number of cultivars are growing in this semi desert region of the country a long side the river Nile banks beside Eastern and Western regions of Sudan. These cultivars include; Mishrigy, Wad Lagai, Wad Khatib, Barakawi, Gondeila, Gau and others differ mainly in moisture contents.
The objectives of the study were to determine the physical properties of five Sudanese dates fruits cultivars and evaluation of the nutritional value its chemical composition.
2.1. Collection of Samples
Date fruits of cultivars: Gondeila, Barakawi, white Gau, Red Gau, and Black Gau were purchased from the local markets of Port Sudan city, Red Sea State, and from Khartoum State, Sudan. The origin of these fruits is the Northern Region of Sudan. Each sample was collected randomly to assure good representation, and each sample was cleaned by remove foreign matter and taken in polyethylene bags with labels, and stored in a refrigerator till analyses.
2.2. Preparation of Date Fruits for Analyses
All date fruits samples were cleaned and pitted. The fruit pulp was ground with electric mincer and the fine sample was kept in a clean polyethylene bag, before being analyzed physically, chemically and microbiologically.
2.3. Physical Methods
Fruits dimensions (weight, length, and width) were measured in centimeters using Vernier caliper. Fruit and seed weight in grams were determined using an electrical balance, then pit percentage was calculated. Surface area (S) was calculated by using the flowing equation:
S =
Dg = Geometric Mean diameter =
L = length (L) cm
W = width (W) cm
T = thickness (T) cm2
∏ = 3.14 mathematical constant (Pi).
2.4. Chemical Methods
The contents of moisture, ash, protein and fats were determined according to AOAC [5].
2.4.1. Determination of Carbohydrates
Date fruit samples were analyzed for mono and disaccharides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) according to the AOAC [6]. A sample of 5 gm to which 20 ml of water were added, was transferred into 50 ml volumetric flask, then 12.5 ml ethanol were added and the volume was completed by water to the mark. The final solution was filtered through filter paper and syringe filter 0.45 μm nylon disc into vial, and 20 ml were injected into the column of the HPLC. Standard solution of each sugar was prepared. All sugars were separated using a normal phase column (Shim-pack CLC I.d × 15 cm, KYOTO, Japan).
The mobile phase was Acetonitrite 80:20 Acetonitrile/ water at 30˚C and the flow rate was 1 ml/min. The data were recorded as percentage (w/w).
2.4.2. Amino Acid Composition
Amino acid content was determined according to AOAC [6]. A sample of 200 mg was taken in the hydrolysis tube and 5 ml of 6 N HCl was added and the tube was tightly closed, and incubated at 110˚C for 24 hrs. After that the solution was filtered through 125 mm filter paper and 200 ml of the filtrate were taken and evaporated at 140˚C for about an hour. To one ml of the dried sample a diluting buffer was added. The samples were then injected into amino acid analyzer (SYKNM).
2.4.3. Fatty Acid Profile (Qualitative Test)
The fatty acid profile was detected in the extracted oil samples using the method described by AOAC [7]. To 1 ml of oil sample, 7 ml of methanolic sodium hydroxide 0.5 N were added, and then 7 ml of 1% methanolic sulfuric acid were also added, after that 2 ml of hexane were added and the mixture was shaken well. Then the tube was filled to the mark by standard sodium chloride and shaken well again, and 1 ml of the upper layer was taken in a new tube to which anhydrous sodium sulphate was added. The fatty acid was then determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS-QP-2010- Shimadzu-Japan).
2.4.4. Mineral Content
Ten minerals namely potassium, sodium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, phosphorous, calcium and cobalt were determined in date palm fruit according to AOAC [6] method using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Mineral analysis carried as, a 3 g portion of each sample was ignited and ashed at about 550˚C in a muffle furnace. The ash was then dissolved in 5 ml of fuming nitric acid and transferred to 50 ml volumetric flask using double distilled deionized water. Standard solutions of each element were prepared as follows: 250 µl were taken from the stock standard solution (1000 mg/l) in a plastic volumetric flask (25 ml) and made up to the mark with 0.5 normality of hydrochloric acid solution, thus made the intermediate standard solution (10 mg/l). Working control solutions were prepared to be suitable to the concentration of each element in the sample solution. The samples and controls were analyzed by AA-6800, SHIMADZU. Before the reading of the controls or samples solution, the absorption value of the blank solution was taken (all added reagents except sample).The absorbance value of each sample solution was taken then the blank value was subtracted from the sample value.
2.5. Microbiological Analysis
For determination of total viable count, one ml aliquots from suitable dilution (103) were transferred aseptically into sterile Petri dishes. To each dilution 10 - 15 ml of melted and cooled (42˚C) plate count agar were added. Inoculums was mixed well with the medium and allowed to solidify. The plates were then incubated in an incubator at 37˚C for 24 - 48 hours.
Yeast and mould count was determined using Potato Dextrose Agar medium (PDA) with 40 ppm chloramphenicol added to inhibit bacterial growth. The plates were incubated at 25˚C - 28˚C for 48 hours. While the staphylococcus count was determined using Baird Parker Agar medium. The plates were then incubated at 37˚C for 24 - 48 hours and the counts were presented as colony forming units per gram (cfu/g).
For coliform test, one ml of sample was plated onto (MacConky Agar) media. The plates were incubated at 37˚C for 48 hours and the counts were presented as colony forming unites per gram (cfu/g). Plates showing positive coliform were subjected to the confirmed test using Brilliant green bile lactose broth in test tubes with Durham tubes. The test tubes were then incubated at 44˚C for 48 hours. Each confirmed positive tube was subcultured into E.C. broth medium and then incubated at 44.5˚C for 24 hours. Tubes showing any amount of gas production were considered to be positive.
For detection of Salmonella, ten grams of sample were weighted aseptically and mixed well with 100 ml sterile nutrient broth. This was incubated at 37˚C for 24 hours. Then 10 ml were drawn aseptically and added to 100 ml selenite broth. The broth was incubated at 37˚C for 24 hours. Then with a loopful streaking was done on dried Bismuth sulphite agar plates. The plates were then incubated at 37˚C for 72 hours. Black metallic sheen discrete colonies indicated the presence of Salmonella. A confirmatory test was carried out by taking a discrete black sheen colony and subculturing it in a Triple sugar iron agar tubes. Production of a black colour at the bottom of the tube confirms the presence of Salmonella.
2.6. Statistical Analysis
The data was assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure. Means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test with probability p < 0.05 [8].
3.1. Physical Characteristics
Black Gau showed the maximum fruit weight (12.78 g) which was significantly higher than all other cultivars (Table 1) while Red Gau had the least fruit weight (6.57 g) significantly lower than of the other cultivars. The average of date weight (9.16 g) was higher than that reported by Abdullah and Salah [9] for three date palm cultivars grown in Libya which showed that the highest value was 8.69 g. According to Hussein, et al. (1976) on their study on eighteen date cultivars in Saudi Arabia, the fruits exceed 15 g were classified as fruits of heaviest weight. Barakawi had the highest value of pit percentage (15%), followed by Red Gau (14%) and the lowest was Black Gau (9%). However no records were found in the literature concerning the pit percentage.
Black Gau had the maximum fruit length (5.1 cm) followed by white Gau (4.74 cm), Gondeila had the least fruit length (4.30 cm) which was significantly lower than all other cultivars (Table 2). Black Gau had the maximum fruit diameter (1.82 cm) this value was significantly higher than those of other cultivars. Barakawi cultivars exhibited the least fruit diameter (1.38 cm).The highest surface area was showed in Black Gau (7.51 cm2), the lowest value was shown in White Gau (3.69 cm2).
The average of fruit length was 4.62 cm which is higher than that reported by Abdullah and Salah [9] for the Libyan cultivars which ranged between 3.78 and 3.79 cm, with insignificant differences between cultivars. The average in fruit diameter was 1.61 cm which is lower than Libyan cultivars investigated by Abdullah and Salah [9], which were in the range between 1.86 and 2.34 cm. The same study showed that flesh thickness in Libyan cultivars ranged from 0.38 to 0.6 cm which is higher than the result of this study. The thickness in this study ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 cm.
Characters like fruit weight and length, flesh thickness, seed weight, seed length and diameter are of importance in differentiation between the cultivars. Other studies also proved significant differences of the fruit characters in the study of cultivars [10-12]. Meligi, et al. [13] studied the fruit quality and general evaluation of some Iraq dates grown under Egyptian condition.
3.2. Chemical Characteristics
Fat content (Table 3) ranged from 0.32% in white Gau to 0.33% in Black Gau. The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant differences (p < 0.05) between the five cultivars tested. These results were higher than those reported by Al-Hooti [14] in Kuwait. However these
Table 1. Date weight (g), pit weight (g) and pit % of five date cultivars.
Table 2. Dimensions of date fruits of five cultivars.
values are similar to those reported by Sawaya, et al. [15] for dates grown in Saudi Arabia, and to those reported by Ahmed, et al. [16] for dates grown in the United Arab Emirates. On the other hand the values were lower than those reported for some Iranian varieties [17]. Fats are mainly concentrated in the skin (2.5% - 7.75%) and have a more physiological importance in protecting the fruit than contributing to the nutritional value of the date flesh [18]. The low level of the fat content in date fruit (very low level of fatty acids and cholesterol) compared with its higher content of sugars, means that, consumption of date fruit is safe for people suffering from heart and blood diseases.
The average percentage of ash content as shown in (Table 3), ranged from 2.53% in Gondeila to 3.20% in black Gau. There was significant differences (p > 0.05) among the five varieties tested. The ash content was higher than what reported by Al-Hooti [14].
The mean crude protein content of the five cultivars was 2.67%. Gondeila showed the highest level (3.72%), while, white Gau had the lowest level (1.86%) (Table 3). These values comply with those reported by Al-Hooti [14]. However there were significant differences (p < 0.05) among the five cultivars tested.
3.2.1. Amino Acids
The analysis of amino acids composition showed that the date fruits extract of all cultivars contains a high concentrations of aspartic acid, proline, alanine, theonine, valine, Isoleucine, and leucine but low concentration of glycine, phenyleadnine, and arginine, and very low concentration of histidine, and lysine (Table 4). Almost all cultivars showed similar amino acid composition. Fourteen amino acids were detected in the five dates cultivars. The aspartic acid was the highest in Gondeila (8.57 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Red Gau (3.52 µg/8mg), while, Threonine was the highest in Red Gau (4.04 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Barakawi (0.68 µg/8mg). Glycine was the highest in Black Gau (0.86 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Gondeila (0.29 µg/8mg), Alanine was the highest in Black Gau (4.71 µg/8mg) and the lowest in red Gau (2.60 µg/8mg).
Valine was the highest in Black Gau (4.655 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Red Gau (2.465 µg/8mg), isoleucine was highest in Gondeila (2.509 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Red Gau (1.466 µg/8mg), phenyleadanine was the highest in Gondeila (1.189 µg/8mg) and the lowest in Red Gau (1.466 µg/8mg) and didn't found in Black Gau, Histidine was highest in Black Gau (1.306 µg/8mg) and lowest in Red Gau (0.192 µg/8mg), Lysine was highest in Black Gau (0.598 µg/8mg) and was lowest in Red Gau (0.097 µg/8mg), Ammonia from 10.115 µg/8mg in Gondeila to 0.226 µg/8mg in Black Gau, Aginine was highest in Black Gau (8.246 µg/8mg) and lowest in Red Gau (0.808 µg/8mg), Proline was highest in Gondeila (11.95 µg/8mg) and lowest in Red Gau (7.542 µg/8mg), Tyrosine was found just in Gondeila (0.294 µg/8mg) and Black Gau (0.225 µg/8mg). The results of this study comply with Al-Showiman [3]. The data revealed that, the date palm extract contains suitable amounts of essential amino acids, which means high nutritional value.
Table 3. The contents of fat, protein and ash (%) in the five dates cultivars.
Table 4. The amino acid content of flesh date (µg/8mg).
3.2.2. Free Fatty Acids
The characteristic and composition of the flesh of the date fruit cultivars in accordance with their free fatty acids contents are presents in (Table 5). White Gau and Barakawi showed similar fatty acid whereas Red Gau, Gondeila, and Black Gau, are different. Fatty acid analysis revealed that date fat is rich in Myristic acid, Palmitelaidic acid, Palmitolic acid, Palmotoc acid, Margaric acid, Olic acid, Oleic acid, stearic acid, acrylic acid, Erucic acid and Propanoic acid. These results were similar to those reported by Al-Shahib and Marshall [4].
3.2.3. Carbohydrates
The carbohydrate analysis showed that they consist of a large amount of glucose, fructose and sucrose, which are easy to digest in human cells and useful for getting the energy for metabolic processes. On the other hand, two cultivars (Gondeila and Black Gau) were found to contain rhaminose whereas, no cultivar was found to contain maltose (Table 6).
The element analysis of date palm extract showed that, the fruit of date palm contains many valuable and useful elements like Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphorous, Iron, Cobalt, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, and Sodium (Table 7). All the five date cultivars were different significantly in their mineral levels. Gondeila had the highest Zinc (0.46 ppm) whereas, Barakawi had the lowest level. Gondeila showed the highest Manganese level (0.36 ppm) while Black Gau have the lowest (0.19 ppm). The highest Copper content was in Black Gau (0.43 ppm) and the lowest in White Gau (0.17 ppm).
The highest Cobalt level was found in Barakawi (0.04 ppm), and the lowest in White Gau. The Calcium highest level was in Gondeila (59.09 ppm) and the lowest was recorded in Black Gau (39.38 ppm). Black Gau had the highest level of Iron (33.94 ppm), while, White Gau has the lowest level (2.52 ppm). Magnesium was highest in Barakawi (50.24 ppm), and lowest in Red Gau (36.09 ppm). Sodium was highest in Black Gau (60.00 ppm) and lowest in White Gau (15.00 ppm). The highest level of Potassium was recorded in Barakawi (726.97 ppm), whereas, White Gau has the lowest level (558.99 ppm). The highest level of Phosphorous was in Gondeila (16.201 ppm) and the lowest level was in Red Gau (10.75 ppm).
These results are in accordance with many previous reports which revealed that the date palm contains a suitable concentration of elements which are very important for human body and metabolic operations in the human cells [19]; Al-Showiman [3].
3.3. Microbiological Tests
The results of the microbiological tests are shown in (Table 8). The total bacterial viable count was higher in Black Gau (3 × 104 cfu/g) and lower in Red Gau (3.5 × 103 cfu/g); The total coliforms were present almost in all cultivars; Black Gau, Red Gau, and Barakawi had the highest value (23 MNP/g). The other cultivars showed few numbers of coliforms and the E. coli was detected in some cultivars but their levels were lower than that reported by the Sudanese Standards (<1.0 × 102). Staphylococcus aurues was detected in Barakawi, white Gau (North, West) and Black Gau date cultivars. Salmonella spp. were detected in almost all the examined date cultivars. Moulds and yeast
Table 5. Free fatty acids profile of flesh date fruits.
were detected in Gondeila, Barakawi, Black Gau (East) and in White Gau date fruit cultivars. Moulds are considered to be the major causative agents of the spoilage of date fruits at all stages of ripening on trees as well as during storage and processing. The total bacterial viable count usually indicates the general microbiological quality of date fruits (Moore, et al., 2001).
The results of the present study are in compatibility with those of Aidoo, et al. [20] who reported that pre-packed dates purchased in Glasgow contained high levels of coliform, moulds and yeasts and little or very low levels of Staphylococcus aureus. Moisture content is a critical parameter responsible for the microbiological quality of the dates. Shenasi, et al. [21] in United Arab Emirates reported that microbial counts were high at the kimri and rutab stages then decreased significantly at tamr stage which has low water content and high sugar level. It appears therefore, that presence of micro flora in date fruits may be dependent on the variety and the maturation stage.
From these results it could be concluded that the dimensions of the date fruits differ from one cultivar to another but the Black Gau has wide dimensions. Although most of the cultivars contain almost similar chemical components, however, there are some few differences in these components. The microbial analysis tests proved that no differences are found among the cultivars. However, the differences were found according to the conditions of selling and handling. Barakawi (S) was found to contain all types of micro organisms tested. Pathogenic bacteria (Sthaph. aureus, Salmonella and E. coli) were detected in some date cultivars.
Table 6. Carbohydrate contents (%) of five date fruits cultivars.
Table 7. Mineral Concentration (mg/L) of the date fruits of five cultivars.
Table 8. Microbiological results of Date fruits collected from Khartoum Market.
It is highly recommended to improve the harvest and handling methods (storage, grading and packaging) of dates. Since the date fruits are usually sold in open places, and found to be contaminated with microbes, it could be recommended that date fruits must be washed before eating. Further studies need to be made on the chemical composition and the microbial analysis of the other date fruits types grown in Sudan.
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I have ~1000 listing on Amazon. Can you download the listing details (attributes & images) back to my PC ? You may use Amazon MWS if you need.
For adding the house detail to the logo we did previously, as discussed via chat.
Check the foundations before pouring of concrete and all concrete prep work before concrete is poured and check the site before civils start.
It gonna be a Italian theme party with food and fashion show. We have fashion store will provide clothes. It will be host in a luxury house in West Vancouver. The cat walk gonna be in a garden. it will be like less than 30 mins show with 6 models.


One must only watch a few minutes of Peter Navarro's economic hypernationalist film "Death By China" to understand why President Trump Donald John TrumpTrump calls Sri Lankan prime minister following church bombings Ex-Trump lawyer: Mueller knew Trump had to call investigation a 'witch hunt' for 'political reasons' The biggest challenge from the Mueller Report depends on the vigilance of everyone MORE has an affinity for the man.
In the movie's opening scenes, a flag-painted cutout of the United States tumbles to the ground and is brutally stabbed with a knife.
The term "American carnage" comes to mind as the factories explode, leaving smoldering craters in their wake.
Navarro, now the 68-year-old director of the White House National Trade Council, sees eye to eye with Trump on the need for tough, protective tariffs to insulate American jobs and swat down the meddling tentacles of China's aggressive economic policy.
He scored a major victory this week, as Trump ignored large swaths of his own party and his other advisers and unfurled steep, broad-based tariffs on steel and aluminum.
Increasingly, Navarro has the president's ear.
"This is the president's vision. My function, really, as an economist is to try to provide the underlying analytics that confirm his intuition. And his intuition is always right in these matters," Navarro told Bloomberg News this week.
When Navarro was brought onto the Trump campaign in 2016, he was the only economist on the team. But his academic work was unrelated to the views he espoused on trade.
"When he started out, his field was energy economics, and he published with good journals," said Amihai Glazer, a professor of economics at University of California, Irvine, where Navarro spent decades teaching at the business school.
At that early point in his career, the Harvard-educated economist was working as an analyst for the Department of Energy. He won the endorsement of the Sierra Club, an environmental group, in his failed run for San Diego mayor in 1992.
Navarro made several more attempts at office, including a bid for Congress and a local city council seat, running as either an independent or a Democrat. He always fell short. Around the time of his last electoral bid in the early 2000s, Navarro started turning his attention to broader economic issues, with a special focus on China.
Greg Autry, a University of Southern California professor who co-authored the book version of "Death by China" with Navarro, says the criticism is overblown.
It was Navarro's China-bashing that got him noticed by Trump adviser and son-in-law Jared Kushner Jared Corey KushnerIt is wrong to say 'no collusion' The Hill's Morning Report - Is impeachment back on the table? Nadler: I don't understand why Mueller didn't charge Donald Trump Jr., others in Trump Tower meeting MORE in 2016, and led him into the campaign and subsequently the White House.
In his early days there, his influence waned as ideological foes such as National Economic Council Director Gary Cohn successfully sidelined him.
Now, with Cohn's impending departure in protest of the new tariffs, Navarro and his views are ascendant at the White House, a prospect that has unnerved many congressional Republicans.
Sen. John Thune John Randolph ThuneTelehealth is calling — will Congress pick up? GOP grows tired of being blindsided by Trump Hillicon Valley: Assange faces US charges after arrest | Trump says WikiLeaks 'not my thing' | Uber officially files to go public | Bezos challenges retail rivals on wages | Kremlin tightens its control over internet MORE (S.D.), the No. 3 Republican in the Senate, worried that Navarro gives the president bad advice.
"His views on trade are completely out of step with the modern world and global economy in which we compete, and represents a school of thought on trade that's very outdated, and if implemented would be very harmful to America's economic interests," Thune said.
"Navarro on the outside as a critic was helpful. On the inside doing policy, I'm not so sure," said Rep. Richard Neal Richard Edmund NealDems plot next move in Trump tax-return battle Dems digging into Trump finances post-Mueller On The Money: House Dem says marijuana banking bill will get vote in spring | Buttigieg joins striking Stop & Shop workers | US home construction slips in March | Uber gets B investment for self-driving cars MORE (D-Mass.), the ranking member of the House Ways and Means Committee, which oversees trade.
Autry dismisses the criticism as part of a corporate-driven worldview that has infected both parties.
"Certainly he's not proposing anything much different than what the Chinese and Koreans are doing very successfully in terms of investing in their manufacturing. But if you're an investment banker from Goldman Sachs, you're a lot more concerned about your quarterly profits than selling off a factory and its parts to China," he said.
Cohn is reportedly doing all he can to ensure that his replacement subscribes to more mainstream views, pushing for the National Economic Council's Shahira Knight to take over. But Navarro is reportedly lobbying for the role of chief economic adviser.
Maybe this time, he'll win.


text:
A Date Certain: Lessons from Limited Life Foundations
To learn more about limited life foundations' decisions to spend down — and the ways in which they grapple with several important issues along their journey to pursuing their goals in a finite period of time — the CEP conducted in-depth interviews with leaders of 11 limited life foundations. Resulting from these interviews, this report illustrates the ways in which limited life foundations approach spending down in nine key areas, including archiving knowledge.
The limited life approach in philanthropy has received increased attention in recent years. But across foundations, perpetuity is often still seen to be the default, and there is considerable uncertainty about the practice of spending down.
To learn more about limited life foundations' decisions to spend down — and the ways in which they grapple with several important issues along their journey to pursuing their goals in a finite period of time — CEP conducted in-depth interviews with leaders of 11 limited life foundations.
Resulting from these interviews, this report illustrates the ways in which limited life foundations approach spending down in nine key areas, including investing, grantmaking and strategy, and communications. The research shows that most leaders of limited life foundations choose to spend down because of the belief that it will lead to greater impact. And though these foundations' leaders wrestle with a similar set of issues in their work, our interviews revealed that there is no one way to spend down.
Accompanying the report is a companion publication of case studies of three of the foundations featured in the report: the Lenfest Foundation, the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, and Brainerd Foundation.
Read the full report and the case studies below. The report was published in March 2017.
A Date Certain: Case Studies of Three Limited Life Foundations
Center for Effective Philanthropy
Subscribe to our e-newsletter, Family Giving News
Keep up with trends in family philanthropy.
NCFP is here to help you on every step of your philanthropic journey.
Ending Well: Exits and Spend Down
The resources shared in this collection contain information and tools developed through the experience of multiple philanthropies involved in exits – including the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation.
See Collection

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Welcome to the Kinetic Jam Digital Development Studio Plymouth, sitemap.
Professional Plymouth Web design & development specialists. Free consultations, beautiful websites, SEO, social media marketing and UI/UX services.


Looking for an MBA that is focused on Management? Then look not further. National American University's online Master of Business Administration - Management degree program offers an innovative and accessible online MBA and the opportunity to gain an advanced management degree from anywhere, at anytime.
NAU is proud to offer an online graduate degree in management that has been created to aid individuals in gaining the skills that they will need in order to become successful, effective leaders and managers in any organization.
The top-notch curriculum of this program has been created to aid individuals in developing their understanding of global practices in the business world, and how those can be applied to regionally relevant decisions.
If you are an individual who is looking for an online MBA that will help you to gain the knowledge that is needed to become a high-level, executive manager within any organization, then there is none better than NAU's online MBA in Management.


text:
/* eslint no-console:0 */

import fs from 'fs';
import R from 'ramda';
import glob from 'glob';
import path from 'path';
import Rx from 'rxjs/Rx';
import { compile } from './utils';

const srcPattern = process.argv[2];
const desPath = process.argv[3];

process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production'; // for babel

// --- /src/a.js --- /src/b.js --- ...
const srcPath$ = Rx.Observable.of(srcPattern).switchMap(pattern =>
  Rx.Observable.from(glob.sync(pattern)),
);

// --- a --- b --- ...
const basename$ = srcPath$.map(srcPath =>
  path.basename(srcPath, path.extname(srcPath)),
);

// --- 'export a' --- 'export b' --- ...
const strings$ = basename$.map(
  basename => `export { default as ${basename} } from './${basename}';`,
);

// --- 'export a \n export b' |
const resultsES6$ = strings$.toArray().map(R.join('\n'));

const resultsES5$ = resultsES6$.map(compile);

// Output
resultsES5$.subscribe(
  results => {
    fs.writeFileSync(desPath, results);
    console.log(
      `${path.relative(process.cwd(), srcPattern)} -> ${path.relative(
        process.cwd(),
        desPath,
      )}`,
    );
  },
  error => console.error(error),
);


Chic and design, this sterling silver solitaire ring is set with a black diamond simulant (cz) in an original setting will stack perfectly with your band ring. Also available in pink or white.
Although lab diamonds simulant (cubic zirconia cz) are not natural diamonds, they sparkle just as beautiful. These are cut the exact same way as natural diamonds, in round brilliant cut and they are extremely durable - these will last forever.
• Silver weight: 5.0 gr.
• We want ou to LOVE your new jewelry! Everything is handcrafted with care by happy hands in our workshop. Our small business was built from the ground up based on integrity and the genuine desire to make people happy. You can trust that all our pieces are top quality, and hand-crafted by people who really care. We love our customers - you're in good hands.


text:
Architecture News
OMA Reveals Pavilion Design for Wilshire Boulevard Temple in Los Angeles
by Niall Patrick Walsh
The scheme will be situated beside a 1929 Byzantine-Revival sanctuary. Image Courtesy of OMA New York / Luxigon
OMA New York has released initial details of its design for the Audrey Irmas Pavilion, a new addition to the Wilshire Boulevard Temple in Los Angeles, California. The OMA scheme, currently seeking planning approval, seeks to "forge new connections within the existing campus and create a new urban presence to engage Los Angeles."
Having won a competition for the pavilion's design in 2015, the OMA scheme represents the firm's first commission from a religious institution and their first cultural building in California. Designed in collaboration with Gruen Associates, the Audrey Irmas Pavilion will form the newest addition to the Wilshire Boulevard Temple, the oldest Jewish congregation in Los Angeles. The scheme will serve as a multi-purpose gathering space in what Rabbi Steve Leder regards as "the city's most diverse neighborhood."
The scheme will be situated beside a 1929 Byzantine-Revival sanctuary located on Wilshire Boulevard. The pavilion's form offers an expression of respect to its surrounding buildings with the west façade sloping away from the existing temple, and the south façade leaning away from a historic school.
We wanted to focus on communicating the energy of gathering and exchange. The pavilion is an active gesture, shaped by respectful moves away from the surrounding historic buildings, reaching out onto Wilshire Boulevard to create a new presence. Within the building, a series of interconnected meeting spaces at multiple scales provide ultimate flexibility for assembly while maintaining visual connections that establish outdoor indoor porosity and moments of surprise encounters.
-Shohei Shigematsu, Partner, OMA
The scheme is comprised of three distinct gathering spaces: a main event space, a smaller multi-purpose room, and a sunken garden. The three interlocking spaces are vertically stacked to frame views, while creating a series of openings that filter light and guide visitors through the complex.
The building is expected to break ground in late 2018, with a public opening in 2020.
News via: OMA New York
OMA, MLA, and IDEO Selected to Design New Park for Downtown Los Angeles
The City of Los Angeles has selected landscape architects Mia Lehrer + Associates (MLA) with partners OMA and IDEO to design a new public park at First and Broadway in downtown LA. Located across from Los Angeles City Hall, the new development, to be known as "FAB Park," will connect into the existing Grand Park, turning the area into one of the city's most important civic spaces.
Niall Patrick Walsh
News Architecture News Gruen AssociatesOMAReligious ArchitectureLos AngelesCaliforniaPavilion
Cite: Niall Patrick Walsh. "OMA Reveals Pavilion Design for Wilshire Boulevard Temple in Los Angeles" 30 Mar 2018. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/891674/oma-reveals-pavilion-design-for-wilshire-boulevard-temple-in-los-angeles/> ISSN 0719-8884
OMA 公布洛杉矶奥黛丽厄玛犹太教堂方案,倾斜立面以迎合园区历史建筑


One of my New Year's Resolutions this year is to blog more often. I really enjoy it. It's a fun way to document little moments and get to know others as well. Along with that, I'm planning to make a blog book this year using a site called blurb. You can "slurp" you blog into a blurb book. It's great. You can also make photo books there.
So, I should probably get to posting more photos so that my book would actually represent our year and not just snippets here and there. I also want to get back to taking at least a photo a day. It has gotten so hard to do this!
Resolution #2 is to go to bed earlier so that I can work my way out of sleep deprivation. I can probably count on one hand the number of times I've gotten to sleep through the night in the past few months. Little Z-man has been up a lot for one reason or another. Mothers of babies, I know you can relate! Sleep deprivation does not do pretty things to one's disposition. Especially mine. Sleep, I need more sleep!
Resolution #3: bring order to chaos. The flying-by-the-seat-of-my-pants approach to life was working pretty well for me. And, then baby #3 came along, and life sort of ceased to function very well. Heaps of laundry, piles of stuff everywhere, sporadic trips to the grocery store only to come home and still not have the ingredients for dinner....you get the picture. Life was just getting a bit out-of-control.
So, I'm taking baby steps. First step: make a meal plan and follow it! On the simplest level, it's just writing down what I'm going to make for dinner and make sure I have all the ingredients I need. So far, it's making life much less chaotic. Second step: bring the whole family into doing chores regularly. Third Step: try to clean something & organize a space on a regular/rotating basis.
That's it. We'll see how I do! What are your New Year's resolutions?


Nothing sells a perfume (at every price point, for nearly any demographic) like the promise of romance, right? The prestige brand Krigler, which emphasizes its five generations of luxury perfumery, recently released Lieber Moment 214, a "moment of love" designed to complement Lieber Gustav 14, "an early Krigler fragrance inspired by a love letter from WWI."
I tried Lieber Gustav 14 a long time ago, and I liked it. It reminded me of Caron Pour Un Homme, since it's a masculine lavender-vanilla-musk blend that can also worn by a woman with certain tastes. Lieber Moment 214 is described as "smoother and more powdery" than Lieber Gustav 14, and its composition includes notes of grapefruit, aldehydes, lavender, violet, rose, ylang ylang, white musk, vanilla and patchouli.
Although Lieber Moment, like Lieber Gustav, is "created to suit both men and women," I find it intensely feminine and I can't imagine it finding a male audience. Of course, I happen to enjoy many feminine aldehydic florals, and Lieber Moment is another one to add to my list. Its kinship with Lieber Gustav is most apparent in its earlier stages, when it blooms with a slightly musky lavender note. The body of the fragrance is mostly powdery violet and rose, and the base is a soft vanilla-musk with the barest hint of woods. The dry down lacks...something. I'm not sure what, exactly; it just feels somewhat anemic, and it fades away without making a concluding statement.
If' you (like me!) are fanatical about violet-rose floral fragrances and you're curious for a comparison, I'd say it falls about midway between Frédéric Malle Lipstick Rose and Yves Saint Laurent Paris on this very specific spectrum, so if you love either of those, you may like this one. Like many aldehydic florals, Lieber Moment has plenty of sillage: when I accidentally tipped out more of my sample vial than I'd planned, the scent seemed to rise from my arm in shimmery waves. Its lasting power is average for an Eau de Parfum — for this price, I think, it should last longer.
Lastly, although Lieber Moment is billed as "nostalgic" and "sentimental," it doesn't truly smell like a vintage fragrance. If you're in the mood for olfactory time-travel to the World War I era, I'd recommend Guerlain L'Heure Bleue (1912) and Caron N'Aimez Que Moi (1916), even in their current formulations. But if you're just looking for a powdery-aldehydic rose-violet perfume, and you can afford to go high-end, you might want to sample Lieber Moment.
Krigler Lieber Moment 214 is available as 50 ml ($205) and 100 ml ($305) Eau de Parfum. For purchasing information, see the Krigler website.
Unpopular opinion alert: My favorite aldehydic rose violet is Broadway Nite. Another one that doesn't get talked about much is To Dream from Sonoma Scent Studio. Have you tried it?
Ha hah, I love Broadway Nite!! Some of those earlier Bonds were wonderful, weren't they? I usually save Broadway Night for festive occasions and evenings, and it needs to be applied with a light hand, but — gorgeous stuff.
I do love To Dream! I *think* I reviewed it a while back. I think I preferred Lieu de Reves *slightly*… but I liked both very much! SSS has a really distinctive touch with florals.
Yay, a fellow fan! So often when I mention it people hide their eyes. Like you, I save it for night and evenings out because it's so… bombastic?
I agree. I seem to remember you reviewed Nostalgie too? Also pretty pretty with aldehydes. Love that her aldehydic fragrances aren't too sweet.
I LOVE To Dream, so much so that before my sample ran out, I went to order it and found out Laurie was on a break. Thank goodness someone had posted on NST that one could send an email to Laurie to place an order and she accommodated! To Dream is in my Top 10 Desert Island Perfumes.
It really is a beautiful fragrance.
Wear Broadway Nite all the time!!!! Love it !!!! Maurice Roucel may be my favourite "nose".
M Roucel is one of the greats!!
YAY! He is one of my very favorites too. Love Envy and L especially.
My first Krigler encounter was via Sniffapalooza in May. I was suitably impressed with the salesperson who was very patient despite being mobbed. My favorite was Subtle Orchid 10 and I promptly ordered samples although they are currently missing in action.
My second encounter was 3 weeks ago with TWO (not a mob in my book) perfume friends. The salesperson (a different one) insisted there were just too many of us, we should have made an appointment and we are limited to try 5 perfumes (not 5 each but 5 to be shared between the 3 of us). I did a slow twirl to see if there were any other customers within 20 feet of the stall and did not spot anyone. When she continued to insist that we must make an appointment, I asked for her name and her manager's name. She immediately recanted and started to whip out bottle after bottle and recited the notes – a robot could not have done better!
The irony of all that drama was I ended up liking Subtle Orchid 10 all over again.
Hm! I wouldn't think that a trio of friends would be too many customers to handle at once… especially since you were obviously very interested in being there. Odd! Wonder what was going on.


Stuttgart, Dec 11, 2017 - The new Mercedes-Benz CLS combines unique design with a luxurious interior and an extensive standard equipment package.
Australia's Car of the Year: Triple success for Mercedes "Down Under"
Stuttgart, Nov 24, 2014 - Mercedes-Benz wins three categories in Australia's Car of the Year awards. Choosing Australia's best cars traditionally falls to the country's leading car website carsales.com.au.
Stuttgart, Jun 30, 2014 - The new C-Class Estate and the new generation CLS-Class see Mercedes-Benz extending its portfolio of exclusive lifestyle vehicles from September 2014. What these new models have in common is a clear yet emotional and sporty design along with innovative engineering.
Stuttgart, Jun 18, 2014 - Mercedes-Benz has extensively revised the four-door CLS Coupé and the CLS Shooting Brake. Both design icons now feature a honed front section. Their further upgraded interior boasts lots of new, perfectly handcrafted details, combining contemporary luxury with passionate sportiness.
Stuttgart, Oct 4, 2012 - Experience independence at its most beguiling – the refreshingly different CLS Shooting Brake will be making its first public appearance in dealer showrooms on 6th October. This coincides with the launch of the CLS 63 AMG Shooting Brake.
Stuttgart, Jul 18, 2012 - With the new CLS Shooting Brake, Mercedes-Benz is once again adding a further highlight to its line of innovative luxury vehicles. In terms of its proportions, the five-door model is clearly a coupé, but with a roof which continues through to the rear it promises some remarkable new pos-sibilities. Prices start at €61,761 for the CLS 250 CDI BlueEFFICIENCY. The new Shooting Brake is available to order with immediate effect, while at the same time the CLS 63 AMG Shooting Brake is also making its debut.
Stuttgart, Jun 29, 2012 - With the new CLS Shooting Brake, Mercedes-Benz is once again setting an example when it comes to creativity of design, and as such highlighting its leading role in this area: in terms of its proportions, the new CLS is quite clearly a coupé, but with five doors and a roof which continues through to the rear, it promises some remarkable new possibilities. The idea of the four-door coupé – successfully introduced in 2004 with the first CLS and long imitated in the meantime – has now been taken to new heights and to innovative effect. The result is automotive independence at its most beautiful.
Stuttgart , Jan 25, 2011 - The neutral auditors from TÜV Süd have attested a high degree of environmental compatibility for the new Mercedes CLS. The coupe received environmental certification in accordance with the ISO 14062 standard. This is based on a life cycle analysis of the CLS, comprising a comprehensive evaluation of the automobile's environmental impact. The new CLS will celebrate its market launch at dealers on January 29.
Stuttgart, Jan 12, 2011 - The 29th January is a very special day for Mercedes-Benz. It was on this day in 1886 that Carl Benz filed a patent application (number 37435) at the Reich patent office for his "vehicle operated by gas engine". And now, 125 years to the day, 29th January 2011 sees the launch of the latest development from Mercedes-Benz – the new CLS.
Stuttgart, Nov 24, 2010 - Die Leser der Fachzeitschrift "Auto Zeitung" haben den neuen Mercedes-Benz CLS zum besten Modell der Oberklasse gewählt. Ebenfalls den ersten Platz, und zwar schon zum zweiten Mal in Folge, errang der Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG als bester Supersportwagen. Beide erhielten die renommierte "Auto Trophy".
Stuttgart, Sep 16, 2010 - Breathtaking design, consistent use of lightweight construction, sports-tuned chassis, more powerful and more efficient engines, in conjunction with optimum driving safety: as of now, the second generation of the four-door CLS coupé can be ordered from Mercedes-Benz Euro¬pean sales partners. With its exciting and sensuous design, and refined sportiness, the new CLS has the advantage that Mercedes-Benz, as the inventor of the segment, is a full generation ahead of its competitors.
Stuttgart, Aug 22, 2010 - A generation ahead: with the CLS, Mercedes-Benz created a new vehicle category in 2003 which for the first time combined the elegance and dynamism of a coupé with the comfort and functionality of a saloon. The public were delighted, the competition astounded and a style icon was born: for years the CLS has endured as the only four-door coupé in its class, and since October 2004 it has been the car of choice for around 170,000 buyers worldwide.
Stuttgart, Jan 2, 2009 - The new CLS Grand Edition special-edition model sees Mercedes-Benz introducing a new highlight to the segment for four-door premium coupés. A matt designo paint finish lends spectacular definition to the lines of the coupé and makes the CLS Grand Edition really catch the eye. This exclusive style is echoed in the interior with high-grade designo leather and high-quality equipment details. All of which makes the multi-design-award-winning Mercedes-Benz Coupé unmistakable.
Stuttgart, Jan 18, 2008 - Mercedes-Benz is making the CLS even more irresistible. This one-of-a-kind four-door coupé – the pioneer of a whole new automotive segment – has now been fine-tuned to give it added appeal. The new entry-level model version, the CLS 280 with its sophisticated V6 power unit, develops 170 kW/231 hp. Meanwhile, the flagship model in the range – the CLS 63 AMG with its 378 kW/514 hp AMG 6.3-litre V8 engine – now comes with 19-inch AMG light-alloy wheels plus a new AMG sports exhaust system.


text:
AFI teams up with Atlantic Coatings and Pacific Paint (Boysen) for a safer environment
Carissa Joyce Reyno
ABS-CBN Foundation Inc. – Bantay Kalikasan (BK) sealed its partnership on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Recovery Project with Atlantic Coatings, Inc. and Pacific Paint (Boysen) Phils. Inc.
(L-R) Micaela Laila A. Flores- Plant Manager of Atlantic Coatings, Inc., Susan Afan- Managing director of ABS-CBN Foundation Inc., Johnson D. Ongking- Vice President of Pacific Paint (Boysen) Phils. Inc., Rubyhhilda Antonio- Vice President for General Affairs of Envirocare Management Precision Inc., Paul Mercado- Marketing Head of ABS-CBN Foundation Inc, and Gretchen Enarle- Sustainability Leader of Atlantic Coatings, Inc.,
In this collaboration, used electrical and electronic equipment from BK's new partner companies will be recycled and will be delivered to Envirocare Management Precision, Inc., an accredited Transporter and Treatment, Storage, Disposal (TSD) Facility that will ensure the proper recycling, treatment and disposal of WEEE. These wastes are considered hazardous because it can endanger not just to the environment but humans as well.
"With the 13 tons every second or with the 400 million tons each year of hazardous waste that the world is producing; as Boysen, we are here to lessen this world statistic (of hazardous wastes); We're very thankful to work hand in hand with you and be part of the solution to convert that (hazardous waste) into something new. I believe we have the same social and environmental mission: to make the world a healthier place to dwell in", said Johnson Ongking, Vice President of Pacific Paint (Boysen) Phils., Inc., as he expressed his satisfaction with the partnership.
All equivalent monetary values from the recycled and recovered WEEE will be donated and utilized to support the various environmental projects of Bantay Kalikasan.
Atlantic Coatings, Inc. and Pacific Paint (Boysen) Phils. Inc. have always been forward-looking and been moving on to big-picture environmental efforts and practices, on top of their current support as a 10-year partner of BK for Bantay Langis and Bantay Baterya, projects which aim to properly recover and recycle used oil and lead acid batteries. These efforts like Boysen's use of a renewable source of energy, such as solar panels, has yielded a Php 3mn energy savings since its installation in February 2018. And of course, the company's pioneering formulation of the Boysen Knoxout Paint, the first air-cleaning paint in the world, which reduces as much as 20% of NOX in the air.
(L-R) Micaela Laila A. Flores- Plant Manager of Atlantic Coatings, Inc., Susan Afan- Managing director of ABS-CBN Foundation Inc., Johnson D. Ongking- Vice President of Pacific Paint (Boysen) Phils. Inc., Rubyhhilda Antonio- Vice President for General Affairs of Envirocare Management Precision Inc., Gretchen Enarle- Sustainability Leader of Atlantic Coatings, Inc., and Paul Mercado- Marketing Head of ABS-CBN Foundation Inc.
ABS-CBN Foundation Inc., Managing Dierctor, Susan Afan, expressed her appreciation to the new partners and encouraged them to continue this rekindled partnership for the benefit of the Filipino people, "Let's find partners who really, really love the Philippines and who really want to make a difference... We are truly changing people's lives and together, from the grass roots up we can change our country to make it the Philippines that we all love and we deserve. Salamat."
To know more about recycling used oils, lead acid batteries and electronic equipment, call +63 2 415.2272 local 3779, +63 2 415.6296 or visit www.bantaykalikasan.com.


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text:
The Long and The Short of It
Squidzilla 27. Sept. 27, 2020.
From A Coast Guard Inquiry Transcript
Q: Mr. Mendoza, you say your nephew's boat was attacked by a Squidzilla that shot out of the water and basically crushed it, sinking it immediately with everyone on board?
M: That's right. Right after he dropped an IED on top of one of the squids, the other one attacked him. Tommy was planning to get married next month. He was my sister's youngest and she can't stop crying. You, the government, somebody has to do something about those monsters!
Q: And this occurred when you were squid hunting with an explosive device?
M: Not hunting them! We were providing protection to the whales that those red devils catch since the BlueSeas bunch can't do it alone
Q: Mr. Mendoza, you've been previously cited and fined for unauthorized use of explosives at sea.
M: Only to protect the whales. And this was Tommy's first time going out on his own to patrol too. God!!
Q: Mr. Mendoza, we have testimony that you've been conducting what amounts to Squidzilla fishing tours for people wishing to accompany you. Your nephew also had two passengers with him.
The Deep Seeker
"We're finally getting sonar contacts with squids, but we're not getting close enough to record any light flashes," Dr. Octavian said. "They seem to be avoiding us."
"I've told the Coast Guard of our plans to get closer," Said Cam Joyce. "They will put out the info to the boating and fishing community. Just so that those cowboys know we're out here too and don't drop an IED on us."
"That Mendoza guy is chatting it up on social media about the need to go after the squids after his nephew was killed," said Dr. Octavian. "If that mood carries the day, there won't be many people who will be sympathetic to our research endeavor."
"Well starting tomorrow, we'll be traveling the whale migration corridor. We'll need to stay vigilant about what's happening around and above us," Joyce said. "Don't know how many other boaters will take up the call to hunt squids."
Deep Seeker set out from port at sunset. Thinking that their best chance to capture light flashes which they thought represented inter-squid communication, they picked up a migrating Grey whale and calf, and followed the pair at a discrete and deeper distance. But after two days of tracking, there were no squid appearances and so they returned to port to reconsider and reprovision.
"I think we need to be more proactive," said Dr. Octavian. "Let's flash random light patterns as we trail the whales and see if that provokes some 'curiosity' on the part of the squids."
"Sounds like a plan," replied Cam.
the Squids.
small hard whale follow whale, flash, signaled Number 34.
what say?, said Number 5.
no say nothing, just flash, Number 34 said.
you say back? asked Number 5
no. like ask you first, said Number 34. what do?
me-you go look? asked Number 12.
go look, Number 5 said.
The three squids, joined by another two, swam for almost 8 hours back and up to the depth where Number 34 had left the Deep Diver, slowly cruising, tailing a Grey whale while flashing a random series of lights intermittently.
look. hard whale move arms, got lights. same me-you, said Number 34.
no same, Number 5 said.
almost same, said Number 34.
flash lights, no say nothing, said Number 5.
forget small hard whale. no hard shells. safe. why no catch whale? Number 12 said.
"Look — light flashes to the starboard side," Cam said. "It worked! Are you recording?"
"It's done automatically," Dr. Octavian replied.
first look small hard whale, said Number 5. if no funny fish or explosion from hard whale, catch whale.
"They're just pacing us, like they're watching us," said Dr. Octavian. "You're getting your wish, Cam, to be among the squids."
"Wonder what they're going to do?"
That question was answered when the squids left decisively to turn their attention to the whale and attacked it.
"Oh my God. And I've got it all recorded," Cam said excitedly as the squids dragged the whale carcass down and away.
Cecie
"Some really good news at the Institute today," Carlos said as he came down from washing up and sat down for dinner with Jessica and Cecie. "It's not official yet Cecie, but one of the committee told me you've been accepted to do research. The committee was impressed by your first year grades, your professors' evaluations and recommendations, and your interviews. You don't realize how rare it is for an undergrad to be accepted."
"Cecie," Jessica exclaimed, "You got your wish!" She got up and enveloped Cecie in a huge, long hug. "Let's break out the champagne—the real stuff. Too bad you're still too young, but Carlos and I can celebrate."
"Pour me a small glass and I'll pretend its ginger ale," said Cecie.
Later in the meal, after the initial excitement, Carlos said, "Also today, the Deep Seeker finally made contact with the squids. Joyce and Dr. Octavian were very excited to record a long interaction with lots of lights flashing. And they were able to observe five squids actually attack a Grey whale and carry it off. Next dive, they plan to play it back and see if it attracts squids and how the squids will react."
Stranger in the Mind–Novel
1. Stranger in the Mind — Chapter 1
10. Stranger in the Mind: Chapter 10
11. Stranger in The Mind. Chapter 11.
14. Stranger in The Mind
5. Stranger in The Mind-Chapter 5
6. Stranger in The Mind–Chapter 6
9. Stranger in The Mind–Chapter 9.
SQUIDZILLA 1. June 25, 2019. Beginnings
Squidzilla 10. September 20, 2019.
Squidzilla 12. Oct. 5, 2019.
Squidzilla 13. Oct. 14, 2019.
Squidzilla 14. October 23, 1019.
Squidzilla 15. November 9, 2019
Squidzilla 16. November18, 2019. The Sea Defender
Squidzilla 17. December 14, 2019.
Squidzilla 18. December 21, 2019
Squidzilla 19. Feb. 3, 2020.
Squidzilla 2. July 4, 2019. usos
Squidzilla 20. Feb. 16, 2020.
Squidzilla 21. Mar. 4, 2020
Squidzilla 22. March 23, 2020.
Squidzilla 23.
Squidzilla 24. July 10, 2020.
Squidzilla 25. July 26, 2020
Squidzilla 26. September 7, 2020
Squidzilla 28. January 2, 2021.
Squidzilla 3. July 17, 2019. Jessica
Squidzilla 30. march 25, 2021
Squidzilla 31. April 22, 20-21
Squidzilla 32. May 14, 2021.
Squidzilla 33. June 6, 2021.
Squidzilla 35
Squidzilla 4. July 22, 2019. Jessica.
Squidzilla 5. July 31,2019 T.F. and Lily Chao
Squidzilla 6. August 10, 2019. Cecilia Chao
Squidzilla 7. August 27, 2019. Hong Kong
Squidzilla 8. September 2, 2019.
Squidzilla 9. September 11, 2019. Squid lights
The Long and The Short of It – Home Page
Monthly Short Stories


Everyone has had an idea of their wedding if it's from a young age, or from when they've finally found the right person! It would be a lie if you didn't, even men!
This saying to me tells me you need to stay true to your ideas and no idea is a bad idea! Don't let anyone get in your way and ruin those dreams you've had about your wedding. Follow them instead and your wedding will be what you've always thought of!
This is what drew me to this inspirational quote and why I wanted to share it! We don't asked enough questions when we get married, we are lead by the venues, suppliers and even planners when it comes to making decisions! Please don't let this happen, if you want something in particular you need to say it! Especially if you're upset about something. I even do this as a planner, I know I should ask more questions!
If You Don't Step Forward You're Always in the Same Place!
This is to say you need to be in control and make more decisions if your planning your wedding without a planner! Don't um and r because Aunt Bessy doesn't like fish do what you want and create alternative ways around that problem! In some cases be brutal, be the bride/groomzilla as you need to remember it's your wedding and no one else's, so don't be scared to put Aunt Bessy in her place!
I was just going to social this quote, but then after thinking about it I thought I would share how I took it!
Thanks for popping by and I hope you have a great week!
« Getting Around on Your Wedding Day!


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Daredevil Season One
Meet Matt Murdock, One Of New York's Finest Attorneys By Day And Swashbuckling Crime-Fighter Daredevil By Night! Discover The Dark Secrets Behind His First Days In The Costume, As The Man Without Sight Became The Man Without Fear -- And One Of The Greatest Heroes In Comic History. Daredevil Faces Off Against The Owl, Purple Man And Mr. Fear For The First Time...But It's Not What You Remember!
Antony Johnston
Wellinton Alves
Inks:
Joe Rivera
Daredevil: Fearless Origins
In Manhattan's most famous skyscraper, the Baxter Building, scientific genius Reed Richards hatches a plan that will change the lives of those he loves most -- and the very course of human history -- in a way no one could have ever imagined. Revisit the story that irrevocably altered comics and pop culture in this all-new graphic novel, modernizing the journey of Reed Richards, Susan Storm, Johnny
Marvel Universe Avengers Assemble Season Two (2014-2016)
The Avengers are on the scene and smashing evil where they find it! Facing down villains from the Red Skull to Thanos, the Avengers assemble for more adventures!
Marvel Legacy Companion
Collects Darkhawk #51, Master Of Kung Fu (2017) #126, Not Brand Echh #14, Power Pack (2017) #63 And Silver Sable And The Wild Pack #36. Five classic titles return as the full legacy of the Marvel Universe is celebrated! Years ago, Chris Powell transformed into the spacefaring gladiator known as Darkhawk — now it's Chris himself who must rise! Shang-Chi, the Master of Kung Fu, has proved himse
X-Men: Legionquest
Collects Uncanny X-Men (1981) #318-321, X-Men (1991) #38-41, X-Men Unlimited (1993) #4-7, X-Men Annual (1992) #3, X-Factor (1986) #107-109, Cable (1993) #20. The epic story that ushered in the Age of Apocalypse! Legion's once-shattered psyche is finally united, with a singular purpose: to make up for all the misery he has visited on his father, Charles Xavier. And to do it, he plans to make Xav
Thanos: The Infinity Siblings
Jim Starlin and Alan Davis return in the first volume of a new trilogy! The Mad Titan has everything he ever wanted — but satisfaction is not in Thanos' vocabulary. When a temporal distortion on Titan draws his attention, he finds the purpose he's been searching for: saving himself! An old enemy lurks in the far future, and it will take the combined wits of Thanos, his brother Eros and time-trav


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Feds Forcing Doctors To Violate Their Conscience
Read this and other attacks on faith from Weekly Prayer Update 11/7-11/14
"The Becket Fund has filed the lawsuit on behalf of the state of North Dakota, several hospitals, a university and various health clinics to curb Washington's promotion of transgenderism…This lawsuit is about a new government mandate that forces doctors to perform gender transition procedures on young children – even when those procedures may by physically and emotionally harmful to the child, and even when the procedures violate the doctor's best medical judgment," Goodrich points out." Read more here.
Other National Prayer Points and Praise Reports
Undeniable: The Survey Of Hostility To Religion In America
For anyone who thinks religious discrimination is non-existent in America, the attorneys at First Liberty Institute have a different story.
First Liberty announced the release of Undeniable: The Survey of Hostility to Religion in America (2016). It is available online here, free of charge.
State Prayer Points and Praise Reports
Religious Liberty Legislation
Continue praying consistently and fervently for the successful passage of legislation that effectively protects our Judeo-Christian heritage and religious liberty.
CA: How Perseverance Paid Off In This 27-Year Old Mt. Soledad Case
"One of the longest-running cases in American history concerning religious symbols and the Establishment Clause, stretching over 27 years of litigation and two requests for Supreme Court review, ended quietly in a settlement. The case involving the Mount Soledad cross ended so quietly that it would be easy to overlook it altogether, and thus miss its significance for defenders of religious liberty. But this case, which lasted longer than Alliance Defending Freedom (ADF) has been in existence, became a rallying point for ADF and allies from across the country. And it has a lot to teach us as the battle to ensure that Christianity is allowed to participate in the increasingly secular public square intensifies each day."
NC: Update On Legislative Prayer
"The Fourth Circuit issued an order granting a rehearing en banc in Lund v. Rowan County. In September, a three-judge panel issued a decision upholding the county's prayer practice, but plaintiffs filed a petition for rehearing, which was granted. The case is tentatively scheduled for oral argument during January 24-26. As amici, the brief filed on behalf of the Members of Congress will be refiled with the court at this stage."
VT: Health Professionals Seek Protection Of Their Conscience
"TODAY: Healthcare professionals, represented by ADF, are asking a federal court to stop Vermont officials in two state agencies from forcing them to help kill their patients."
WA: Football Coaches Come Out In Support Of Coach Kennedy's Right To Pray
"Two high school football coaches who along with their team knelt in protest during the national anthem, have filed a brief in support of a coach who was punished for praying with students at the 50-yard line after games."
WA: Court Due To Rule On Case TOMORROW
Barronelle Stutzman's continuing struggle for religious freedom should be alarming not only to every Christian, but to every American who cherishes freedom. Barronelle is a floral artist … and a grandmother. She is being sued both professionally and personally by the Washington State attorney general and the ACLU. If she loses, they could take everything she owns — her business, her home, and her life savings. Everything.
National Prayer Opportunities
Congressional Prayer Caucus
Congressional Prayer: Each week Congress is in session, members of Congressional Prayer Caucus meet before votes to pray in Room 219 of the U.S. Capitol.
There are over 100 Members of the Congressional Prayer Caucus, a bipartisan and bicameral caucus, that is spearheading a strategic movement of national, state and local leaders and citizens who are working together to promote prayer, protect religious freedom and restore, upgrade and popularize America's founding spirit and the principles related to faith and morality that shaped this Great Republic. Please commit to praying for them regularly.
Pray For Our President And All Those In Authority
"I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all people— for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness." 1 Tim. 2, Psalm 91
Include: Judicial Branch, Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, Military, Faith Leaders, First Responders, Etc.
David's Tent
Join people from across the nation for 24/7 Worship in Washington DC. They welcome worship teams from every tribe, tongue, nation, denomination, and all 50 U.S. states. Learn more here
Prayer for Religious Freedom Internationally
Iran Not Shy About Stepping Up Persecution Of Christians
"Persecuted Christians in Iran are enduring a new wave of government crackdowns. According to International Christian Concern, there's been an uptick in persecution as the evangelical movement gains ground, causing the Iranian government to feel threatened."
Children, Elderly Forced By ISIS To Perform Executions
"Children and the elderly are being forced by the Islamic State (ISIS) to conduct executions at the terrorist group's stronghold in Mosul, Iraq."
Prayer for The CPCF, Our Team, and Initiatives
Congressional Prayer Caucus Foundation
In God We Trust. Put It Up!
PrayUSA: Government Leaders Calling The Nation To Prayer
Prayer for Others on the Religious Liberty Front
There are many organizations on the front lines that need our prayers.
Alliance Defending Freedom, ACLJ, Becket Fund, Liberty Counsel, Liberty Institute, Family Research Council, The Heritage Foundation, Chaplain Alliance For Religious Liberty and any others that come to mind.
Prayer for Those That Oppose Us
Freedom From Religion Foundation
Secular Coalition for America
Military Religious Freedom Foundation
For more information about this prayer initiative, contact Summer Ingram, National Director of Prayer and Mobilization for the Congressional Prayer Caucus Foundation.
www.CPCFoundation.com
PASSED: Lankford, Rubio Effort To Authorize Vital Commission Aimed At Supporting Religious Freedom Internationally
Navy Quietly Rolled Back Punishments For SEALs Seeking Religious Exemptions


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Dash (DASH) Investment Foundation Set to Go Live
Dash (DASH), the 14th largest cryptocurrency in the world by market cap, has announced that its investment foundation called the Dash Investment Foundation is nearing completion. The team claims the primary objective of the investment fund is to strengthen the Dash distributed ledger technology (DLT) ecosystem through investment operations bankrolled by the network itself, according to a Medium blog post on May 9, 2019.
Dash Ventures Getting There
As stated in its blog post, the autonomous decentralized organization in charge of Dash (DASH), a privacy-centric blockchain-based digital asset, has announced the near completion of the Dash Investment Foundation.
Reportedly incorporated in March 2019, as a Cayman Islands foundation company limited by guarantee, the Dash team claims the Dash Investment Foundation is an ownerless and memberless investment fund aimed at strengthening the network through self-funded investment operations.
The team stated:
"Dash is now the first cryptocurrency network with a proposal system capable of investing in its own ecosystem. No longer must all distributions from the proposal system be in the form of grants."
According to the team, the Dash Investment Foundation bridges the wide gap between the blockchain network and the project's legacy financial and legal systems, in a bid to open possibilities for partnership between entrepreneurs and the project.
The team says the new investment foundation will also be highly beneficial to blockchain developers interested in building applications on the Dash Evolution platform.
The team has hinted that the investment fund will also enable the Dash project to pump in funds into higher-risk investments by making it possible for owners of great ideas to submit their proposals and issue equity or other assets in "consideration of the network funding."
In a bid to ensure the smooth running of the Dash Ventures, the team has made it clear that masternode operators will be in charge of electing the six supervisors that will oversee the foundation.
The supervisors will be responsible for approving key organizational and operational decisions presented to it by the foundation's directors, while the investment manager and directors, on the other hand, will be in charge of day-to-day operations.
Notably, Dash has stated categorically that while the supervisory team may consist of virtually any individual trusted by the network, the foundation directors would be made up of only professionals with the relevant skills.
The initial directors and supervisors of the Dash Investment Foundation include Glenn Kennedy of Paradigm Governance Partners and Casey McDonald from Calderwood, two seasoned Cayman-Islands-based governance experts, says the Dash team.
The Dash Core team has reiterated that four more supervisors will be elected by the network and starting in the second year of the foundation, the entire six supervisors will be elected by the Dash network.
The team added:
"Our aim is to enable Dash Ventures to operate entirely independently from Dash Dash Core Group."
The elections for the supervisors begin on May 23, 2019, and runs until June 16, 2019. The eligibility requirements and other details concerning the election will be released shortly.
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Spring is here and it's time for some light dinner fare. This dish was a spur of the moment innovation and came out so good I made it again the following day. It's a simple, yet elegant dish.
This recipe is easily scaled for a larger number of servings.
This dish is about as simple as you can get. The best part is that it not only tastes good, it looks good too! And, you can cook it in less than 30 minutes! This makes an excellent side or main dish. I suggest serving it with a green salad or steamed veggies.
Break the pasta in half and place in a pot with 3 quarts of salted boiling water for about 5 minutes or until al dente. While the pasta is cooking, heat a skillet over low heat with the olive oil and butter. Add the sliced shallot and garlic. Keep the heat low or turn it off until the pasta is ready. Do not brown the shallot and garlic.
Drain the pasta when done and add to the skillet, turn the heat to medium and stir until all of the pasta is coated with the oil and butter. Add salt and pepper to taste. Next, add the prawns and a little white wine, if desired. Stir constantly until the prawns have turned pink. Finally, add the diced green onions. Stir for 1 minute.
Serve immediately and garnish each dish with chopped parsley. You may also serve grated parmesan or Romano cheese on the side for a more complex flavor.


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Carla takes her revenge on 'penguin' president
Carla Bruni has reportedly taken a swipe at French President Francois Hollande, depicting him as a bumbling buffoon with no manners in a song that features on the former first lady's new album.
(AFP) Carla Bruni has reportedly taken a swipe at French President Francois Hollande, depicting him as a bumbling buffoon with no manners in a song that features on the former first lady's new album.
The lyrics of "The Penguin" were released Friday and immediately interpreted as an attack on the man who succeeded her husband, Nicolas Sarkozy, as France's leader.
The former supermodel sings: "He takes on the airs of a king/but I know, the penguin/doesn't have the manners of a lord.
"Hey penguin!/If one day you cross my path again/I will teach you, penguin/I will teach you to kiss my hand."
French media saw the lyrics as a reference to Hollande's frosty treatment of his outgoing predecessor on the day when he took over as president, notably declining to accompany Sarkozy to the car that carried him away from the presidential Elysee palace.
In French, describing someone as a penguin implies they are both clumsy and a little ridiculous in the manner of a clown or a buffoon.
"The Penguin" is one of the tracks on "Little French Songs", Bruni's fourth album, which is due to be released on April 1.
It also includes a song, "Chez Keith et Anita" (At Keith and Anita's place), in which Bruni, a former girlfriend of Mick Jagger, depicts the drug-fuelled lifestyle of Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards and his longtime girlfriend Anita Pallenberg.
The new album is Bruni's first since 2008's "Comme Si De Rien N'Etait" (Simply). Her musical career was put on hold while Sarkozy was in office.


Raising chickens isn't always easy, especially when your chickens aren't healthy when you receive them or develop diseases soon after. However, you can protect your investment in your flock and save yourself a lot of frustration by taking steps to get your chicks from the most reputable sources.
One factor to consider is deciding whether to purchase your chicks from an NPIP-certified hatchery.
So What Is the NPIP?
The National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) is a voluntary program overseen by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and managed by each state. The program monitors flocks and hatcheries for a variety of serious diseases that can devastate chicken populations and create serious consequences for the poultry industry.
The NPIP was first established in 1935 to eliminate Pullorum Disease caused by Salmonella Pullorum, a disease that devastated the poultry industry in the late 1920s, causing an 80% mortality rate among baby poultry.
Monitoring and testing for Avian Influenza was added in 2006 when the poultry industry began exporting large quantities of poultry. The NPIP currently includes commercial poultry, turkeys, waterfowl, exhibition poultry, backyard poultry, and game birds.
NPIP-certified hatcheries adhere to a set of established standards that ensure the birds they breed or sell are free from infection of the diseases described above. These standards include blood testing for their flocks, adherence to bacteriological examination procedures, sanitation procedures, molecular examination procedures, and biosecurity principles.
For a complete explanation of NPIP standards download the National Poultry Improvement Plan Program Standards PDF.
Hatcheries are required to test their flock for the diseases included in their certification. While testing procedures vary from state to state, blood testing for a representative sample of the flock (usually 300 birds) is required prior to receiving certification. If a hatchery has less than 300 birds, all birds will typically be tested. Hatcheries must re-test their flock annually to maintain NPIP certification.
NPIP-certified hatcheries are required to maintain standards for biosecurity in order to ensure the continued health of their flock.
NPIP-certified hatcheries follow specific procedures to control traffic (people, other animals, vehicles, and equipment) to reduce the risk of introducing diseases to their flock.
Rodents, insects, and even other birds can introduce diseases to the flock, so NPIP-certified hatcheries must have a plan in place to avoid attracting pests, as well as a maintenance program to prevent infestations.
NPIP hatcheries are required to report unusual illnesses or elevated mortality rates within their flocks.
Most states require hatcheries to undergo a complete facilities and equipment inspection before awarding NPIP certification. These inspections ensure that the hatchery has the proper equipment and procedures in place to ensure the continued health of their flock.
Whether you're buying chicks for the first time or adding to your growing flock, buying chicks from an NPIP-certified hatchery can offer some peace of mind. However, it is important to understand that NPIP certification alone will not guarantee healthy chicks. The required testing procedures only cover a handful of diseases that can affect your flock. NPIP certification is simply one standard to consider when searching for reputable hatcheries.
Whether you're just getting started or are ready to buy additional chicks to expand your flock, Freedom Ranger Hatchery maintains our own breeding stock of Freedom Ranger and GMO Free Parent chickens. All of our hatcheries are NPIP-certified and we're dedicated to traditional, sustainable, and environmentally-friendly farming methods that produce high-quality chickens for our customers. We ship our chickens all across the country from our family farm in Lancaster County, PA. Check out our selection of broilers, egg layers, and dual-purpose breeds to get started!
© 2019, Freedom Ranger Hatchery, Inc. All Rights Reserved.


1. Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. Spray a 12-cup muffin pan with vegetable cooking spray.
2. Grate the zest from the lemon into a large bowl. Squeeze juice and add to the zest. Whisk in vinegar, oil, rice or soy milk, and sugar.
3. In a medium bowl, combine flour, salt, baking soda, cinnamon, and chia or ground flax seeds if using. Add to wetmixture and mix with a large spoon just to incorporate. Do not overmix. Stir in apple, carrot, zucchini, and raisins if using.
4. Divide mixture among the 12 cups of the muffin pan. Cups will be full. Bake until a toothpick inserted in the center of a muffin comes out clean, about 18 to 20 minutes. Let cool on a rack for 5 minutes, then serve warm or at room temperature.
Harvest Muffins is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 1.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Gypsy from Great Muffins! I originally found this recipe on the Hannaford Flour bag and have been using it for quite a while. Great recipe!


Ideal for acclimatization. Two short stops at the viewpoint "Rataquenua" and "Puka Ventana" offer you great views on the city of Huaraz, the Cordillera Blanca and the Cordillera Negra. It is also possible to walk up to the viewpoint Rataquenua (1 hour) to enjoy a magnificent sunset.
Price includes transport and Official Guide.


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Hockey News
Lucknow set to host junior men's hockey World Cup
The City Of Lucknow Will Host The Junior Men's Hockey World Cup From December 8 To 18, The International Hockey Federation (FIH) Announced Today. The Event Will Feature 16 Teams—defending Champions Germany, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, England, Germany, India, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, South Africa, New Zealand, Pakistan And Spain.
Lucknow:
The city of Lucknow will host the junior men's hockey World Cup from December 8 to 18, the International Hockey Federation (FIH) announced today. The event will feature 16 teams—defending champions Germany, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Egypt, England, Germany, India, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, South Africa, New Zealand, Pakistan and Spain.
"The Hockey Junior World Cup, aside from being one of international hockey's showcase events, is also a competition that shows the future of our sport. It highlights the best of the best in the years to come. And for such an event, there is no better host than the cradle of Indian hockey," Hockey India President Narinder Batra said.
"Lucknow is the perfect stage for our young stars to shine. It is a hotbed for hockey, its residents passionate about our great sport. Their energy combined with Hockey India's experience of delivering first class events will be key to the success of the men's Junior World Cup," FIH President Leandro Negre said.
While the men's competition takes place in December, the women's Hockey Junior World Cup takes place shortly beforehand in Santiago, Chile between 24 November and 4 December. India will not be part of that event.
For all the Latest Sports News News, Hockey News News, Download News Nation Android and iOS Mobile Apps.
Junior Men's Hockey World Cup


Questions atheists usually ask about Allah might vary but, they're predictable.
"Is there evidence God Exists?"
"How can we prove there is a God?"
What is the origin of God? Where did He come from?
"Why did God create everything?"
"Is God pure, loving and fair - Where does evil and injustice come from?
"If there is only one God, then why are there so many religions?
"How do you know that the Quran is really from God?"
"Why does the Quran say "We" and "He" when referring to Allah?
"Is 'Allah' the same God of the Jews and Christians?"
"Is Allah going to treat Jews and Christians the same as Muslims?