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Explore Iceland
Icelandic Literature for Beginners
By Svanhildur Sif Halldórsdóttir
Jump to chapter
The Icelandic Sagas - Honour, Glory and Revenge
Rebel Writers
The Nobel Prize
What is the Christmas Book Flood or Jólabókaflóðið?
Murder!
Ugh, no more Murders
What's so unique about Icelandic literature? What are the ancient Icelandic Sagas? What is the Christmas Book Flood or Jólabókaflóðið? Where does Iceland's obsession with crime writing come from? Read more to find out everything you need to know about the literary heritage of this nation of book lovers.
Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by Finnur Jónsson. No edits made.
Read more about Icelandic books in The Icelanders and Their Love of Books
Learn more in the Story of Icelandic Cinema
Experience the landscapes yourself with this Private Jeep Game of Thrones Adventure
Every year, over 1300 titles are published in a language spoken by only 330 thousand people. To say that Icelanders are book lovers is an understatement. They are utterly obsessed with books.
These books are not just the works of a few, very hard working authors either. It is said that one in every 10 Icelanders has published a book (including me!). Iceland has more books published, more writers and more books read than anywhere else in the world—per capita of course.
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The Icelandic language has some neat proverbs depicting our love of books such as 'It is better to be without shoes than without a book' and 'A man's best friend is a book' (not a dog). 'To walk around with a book in your stomach' is a common phrase meaning 'to have an idea for a book'.
Iceland's love of the written word has deep roots. Runic inscriptions from times of the Icelandic settlement show that the settlers could read and had thoughts they believed were important enough to (quite literally) set in stone. This feeling that our thoughts are important enough to be printed, to be preserved for generations to come, has not left us.
Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, from the Edda. No edits made.
This need of creating something permanent, to preserve information for future generations is perhaps the reason monks in the 13th century started writing down the Icelandic Sagas.
Nobody knows the authors of these Sagas; if there are any. A theory states that these might be true stories (well, true-ish) who were mainly passed down orally from generation to generation.
Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by Haukurth. No edits made.
The Sagas are perhaps the best known of all Icelandic literature and are still an intricate part of Iceland's culture and identity. The Sagas are a large body of medieval literature depicting the life of Icelandic settlers in the 9th, 10th and early 11th century
Written in a realistic style with a hint of fantasy, the Sagas are filled with epic battles and larger-than-life heroes where the main themes are honour, glory and revenge. These stories have been an inspiration to authors such as Sir Walter Scott, W.H. Auden and J.R.R Tolkien.
One of the most popular Sagas is Njáls Saga (also known as Njála, Brennu-Njálssaga or 'The Story of Burnt Njall'). It is as popular today as it was 700 years ago when it was first written down. More manuscripts containing this story exist than any other Icelandic Saga, giving us reason to believe that hearing the story once wasn't enough, people would copy the story on the skin so they could own it themselves.
Njáls Saga's principal characters are they lawyer and wise man Njáll Þorgeirsson and Gunnar Hámundason, a great warrior. The saga deals with the process of blood feuds and shows how minor insults can escalate into destructive and prolonged bloodshed, all in the name of honour.
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Some prominent scholars have argued that the Sagas are not mere pass-time stories, but allegories whose fundamental purpose is to hide and preserve the pagan world-view that came under attack after Iceland's conversion to Christianity in the year 1000 AD.
According to this theory, the Sagas are deeply rooted in an elaborate cosmological system, and each of their characters represents a particular mythological and cosmological concept. Njáll has, for example, been associated with creation, fertility and water and Njáls Saga, so the theory goes, is one enormous puzzle, assembled to safeguard a way of interpreting reality itself.
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Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by GDK. No edits made.
The Icelandic Sagas will give you the chance to see the world through the eyes of the Vikings. But if you like a little more magic in your Viking stories, you can check out The Edda, two medieval texts known as Poetic Edda and Prose Edda.
The manuscript for Poetic Edda is sometimes attributed to Sæmundur Fróði (or Sæmundur the Learned) a larger than life 12th-century Icelandic priest. It is a collection of Nordic poems and is perhaps the most important source on Norse mythology and Germanic heroic legends.
'Photo from Wikimedia, Creative Commons, by Friedrich Wilhelm Heine. No edits made.
The Prose Edda is believed to be compiled by historian and scholar Snorri Sturluson. It is in four parts; the Prologue (called Prologus) is a short introduction to Norse Mythology. Next up is Gylfaginning ('Tricking Gylfi') where the stupid King Gylfi talks to Odin about the creation and destruction of the world.
Then there is Skáldskaparmál ('The Language of Poetry') a dialogue between Ægir, the Norse god of the sea, and Bragi, a skaldic god, in which the nature of poetry and the essence of Nordic mythology are entwined. Finally, there is Háttatal ('list of verse forms'), a 102-verse poem written by Snorri where every verse is written in a different poetic form.
Learn more about the Sagas
The Viking Sagas are still among Icelander's favourite books and have been since they were first written down. However, a few centuries later, poetry became the dominant form of literature in Iceland. Poets such as Hallgrímur Pétursson (of Hallgrímskirkja fame), Látra-Björg and Grímur Thomsen wrote many beautiful poems portraying Iceland's stunning landscape.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the books published in Iceland were mostly poetry collections. Not everyone was content on only writing poetry, however, and eventually, a few rebel writers emerged.
One of those writers is Þórbergur Þórðarson who is now one of Iceland's most beloved authors. But this was not always so. He was one of the first people in Iceland to experiment with auto-fiction in 1924 and wrote several books packed with satire, irony and rowdy self-expression which troubled the public who were used to romantic poetry and the objective style of the Icelandic Sagas.
A contemporary of Þórbergur was the writer Gunnar Gunnarsson. Born in 1889 to poor farmers, he moved early on to Denmark to get an education. There Gunnar wrote most of his works including a novella called The Good Shepherd.
The story, which describes the adventures of a shepherd rounding up sheep from the uninhabited area of Lake Mývatn, captured the attention of Walt Disney who called Gunnar asking him if he could make it into a cartoon. When Gunnar asked how much he would get paid, Disney replied that he was not used to paying authors commission and so, Gunnar hung up on him.
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The first Icelandic author to make a living as a writer and the first one to publish a historical fiction novel was Torfhildur Hólm. Born in 1845 she is considered the first Icelandic female novelist.
In 1962 her collection of folktales she had gathered herself over the years called Sögur og Ævintýri ('Stories and Fairytales') was published. The stories take a stance on women's rights and are shown from the perspective of the female characters. Her novel-writings showed both romantic and realistic trades and influenced a young boy, named Halldór Laxness, who would later become a Nobel laureate.
Read about stories and fairy tales in Folklore in Iceland
A fairy tale needs a witch, here is an article on Witchcraft in Iceland
Growing up Halldór Laxness, like so many Icelanders, read the Viking Sagas. However, unlike many Icelanders, he wasn't a fan. In a letter to a friend, Halldór stated that he knew of no text more boring and outdated than the works of Snorri Sturluson and the medieval writers.
A farm boy in the countryside community of Mosfellsdalur, Halldór published his first newspaper article in 1916, then only fourteen years old. Three years later, at seventeen, he published his first novel Barn Náttúrunnar or 'Nature's Child'; influenced by people such as Torfhildur Hólm, Sigmund Freud, Ernest Hemingway and his grandmother, Guðný Klængsdóttir. Halldór Laxness became Iceland's most esteemed author.
Ride a horse in the area where Halldór Laxness grew up on this tour.
Read more on Halldór and other famous Icelanders in Top 9 most famous Icelanders in history
Halldór's works were extensive. He translated writings such as Voltaire's Candide ou l'Optimisme and Hemingway's Farewell to Arms into Icelandic, he wrote poems, short stories, essays, theatre pieces and nonfiction.
He is, however, best known for his novels where he perfectly captured the social tensions in Iceland in the 20th century caused by urbanisation, migration, industrialisation and the decreasing role of traditions. This vivid view on social situations got him awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1955.
Perhaps his most revered work (and many Icelander's favourite book) is Sjálfstætt fólk, or 'Independent People', published in two parts in 1934 and 1935. On the surface, it's a story of a single impoverished Icelandic farmer in the early 20th century, but the farmer, Bjartur of Summerhouses, has the blood of the Vikings flowing through his veins and so the story becomes much more than a story about a poor farmer.
Other famous works by Halldór are Salka Valka, Heimsljós ('World Light'), Íslandsklukkan ('Iceland's Bell'), Kristnihald undir jökli ('Under the Glacier') and Atómstöðin ('The Atom Station'). The last novel, written in 1948 in response to the establishment of a permanent US military base in Keflavík, got him blacklisted in the United States.
This Icelandic passion for books has created some unusual traditions. Each year in November, every household in Iceland receives a free catalogue, Bókatíðindin or 'book bulletin', listing every book to be published in the coming weeks.
This marks the start of 'Jólabókaflóðið' or 'the Christmas book flood', a time between November and December when around 500-1000 new titles will be made available, not only in bookstores but also supermarkets and even gas stations.
The most popular item to give as a Christmas present in Iceland is a book. Last Christmas the average Icelander received at least one book as a present. Many Icelanders use the 'book bulletin' as a Christmas wishlist, marking every book they would like to receive for Christmas.
Photo by Ergita Sela
The tradition was created during World War II, when paper was one of the few items not subject to rationing and therefore books became a popular gift.
During the festive season, Icelanders open their book gifts on Christmas Eve (24th December) and traditionally read a choice book they received that evening while drinking either hot chocolate or a Christmas drink called jólabland, which is made by mixing orange soda and dark ale.
Learn about Christmas in Iceland in Christmas and New Year's Eve in Iceland
Realistic but eerie settings, desolate characters and complex subject matters set Nordic noir novels aside from the older whodunit murder mysteries. These novels (also known as Scandinavian noir or Scandi noir) are the new craze in the literary world. As well as literature, there is also film and television as many of the published works have been adapted to the big and small screen. Iceland is, of course, doing its part in keeping the Nordic noir craze alive.
Authors such as Arnaldur Indriðason and Yrsa Sigurðardóttir are well-established writers in this genre and have sold their books all over the world. They are considered Iceland's crime writing royalty and their characters, such as Arnaldur's detective Erlendur, are becoming as beloved as Bjartur of Summerhouse and Burnt Njáll.
Photo by Alena Timofeena
The newest royal member is Ragnar Jónasson. As a teenager, Ragnar used to translate Agatha Christie novels into Icelandic which is why his novels, such as Snowblind and Nightblind, have a hint of the classic whodunit murder mysteries but they are set in desolated towns, such as Siglufjörður, which are only accessible via mountain tunnels.
Stay safe in Iceland by reading this article on Things that can kill you in Iceland
Not into murder mysteries? Don't worry. Iceland has a whole variety of other authors. Like the poet and novelist Steinunn Sigurðardóttir. Her first book Tímaþjófurinn ('The Thief of Time'), an unusual love story beautifully infused with her poetry, was turned in to a French film in 1999.
The poet, novelist and lyricist Sjón has been active on the Icelandic music scene since the early 1980s. He was even featured as a guest vocalist on a Sugarcubes single Luftgitar (The Sugarcubes were an alternative rock group, formed in 1986 comprised of Björk and other cool people).
Sjón has published many poetry books, novels and novellas. His story, Skugga-Baldur or 'The Blue Fox' has been turned into a one-woman play, which is quite a feat considering the story is about a man, Shadow-Baldur, who is hunting a fox in the harsh Icelandic landscape, a botanist and his adopted daughter.
A few novelists have been busy collecting awards and nominations both in Iceland and all over the world. Authors such as Auður Ava Ólafsdóttir, Jón Kalman Stefánsson, Andri Snær Magnason and Gerður Kristný.
If you are in the mood for a laugh, you can check out the hilarious stick figure cartoons of Hugleikur Dagsson. Hugleikur has written several offensive comics such as 'Should you be laughing at this?', 'Avoid us' and 'I hate dolphins'.
A friend of Hugleikur and an all-around funny girl Lóa Hlín Hjálmtýsdóttir is a comic book writer whose book 'Generalizations about Nations' will show you what people actually think about your country. As well as being the lead singer in the popular band FM Belfast, Lóa Hlín has written (and drawn) several comics in her Lóaboratorium which show little slices of life in a hilarious and inappropriate way.
Hugleikur's wit earned him a spot in Top 10 sexiest men in Iceland 2015
You might find Lóa Hlín and FM Belfast at a festival, check out The Top 10 Festivals in Iceland
So if you want to read an Icelandic book, you have a lot to choose from. Everything from ancient Viking Sagas to Nobel Prize winners and offensive cartoons. What are some of your favourite Icelandic books?
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July 31, 2014 — In addition to this week's NewsBreaks article and the monthly NewsLink Spotlight, Information Today, Inc. (ITI) offers Weekly News Digests that feature recent product news and company announcements. Watch for additional coverage to appear in the next print issue of Information Today. For other up-to-the-minute news, check out ITI's Twitter account: @ITINewsBreaks.
LexisNexis and Wolters Kluwer Share Legal Businesses
LexisNexis will acquire the Canadian legal publishing business of Wolters Kluwer, which has about 50 employees, in order to extend its product portfolio to Canadian customers. The Wolters Kluwer Legal & Regulatory division will take on LexisNexis' legal business in Poland, which has about 120 employees.
"The agreement with Wolters Kluwer will allow us to better serve customers in Canada and supports our strategy to build leading positions in our core markets," according to Mike Walsh, CEO of the global legal business of LexisNexis.
Source: LexisNexis
ALA Survey Reveals Statistics on Technology in Libraries
The American Library Association (ALA) released the "Digital Inclusion Survey," a study created in partnership with its Office for Research and Statistics (ORS) and the Information Policy & Access Center (iPAC) at the University of Maryland. It was funded by IMLS (Institute of Museum and Library Services).
The study found that almost 100% of U.S. public libraries provide workforce development training programs, online resources for finding jobs, aid in completing government forms, and training on technology skills. Almost all libraries also offer free public access to Wi-Fi and online homework help to students. Now 90% of libraries lend ebooks, up from 76% in the previous survey.
Although progress in technology offerings has been made, rural libraries are adapting at a slower pace. For example, less than two-thirds of rural libraries have access to IT staff.
Source: American Library Association
Aquafadas Releases Digital Publishing App
Aquafadas introduced Aquafadas Wave, a free app for devices using iOS version 6.0 and later. The app is designed to help publishers use the Aquafadas Digital Publishing System effectively.
Its knowledgebase contains "tips and tricks" for graphic designers on making content interactive and examples of the best ways to go digital, including advice on how to start publishing digitally from scratch or by using existing content to create mobile apps. The app also displays examples of publications created by Aquafadas' customers.
Source: Aquafadas
Brill Announces New OA Journals
Brill launched a suite of four online-only, open access (OA) journals in humanities, social sciences, law, and biology. Each journal will have its own editorial board, which will begin accepting submissions in August. The journals will be divided into sections that correspond with the major subject areas in each discipline.
All articles in the journals will be peer reviewed and published on the Brill Online Books and Journals platform 1 month after acceptance.
Source: Brill
Apple Acquires Book Analytics Company
Apple confirmed that it recently acquired BookLamp.org, which was the demo site for the Book Genome Project, a technology that digitally analyzes books' contents in order to offer recommendations to users. Apple would not disclose details; the company's statement admitted that it "buys smaller technology companies from time to time. …" AppleInsider reports that Apple paid $10 to $15 million for BookLamp.org.
Reports speculate that the acquisition will help Apple improve discovery in its iBooks Store. According to Tim Cook, Apple's CEO, the company has acquired 29 companies during the past 9 months.
Source: AppleInsider
Axis 360 Gains Ebook-Filtering Tool
Baker & Taylor added new functionality to its Axis 360 digital media platform. Librarians can now filter out content from shared collections in Axis 360 that they do not want to be viewable in their catalogs. Filters can be specified to restrict content by BISAC subject code, audience level, or author.
After receiving feedback from libraries in the eRead Illinois ebook program, Baker & Taylor worked with the Reaching Across Illinois Library System (RAILS) consortium to develop a "site scoping tool" for Axis 360. It is designed to give libraries more control over their digital collections, including the ability for school librarians to remove access to adult-themed titles in their institutions while the mature ebooks remain available at public libraries in the same consortia.
"This addition to Axis 360 provides libraries with the flexibility to filter or 'scope' material and make sure it is appropriate for their users," says George Coe, Baker & Taylor's CEO and president. "Librarians know what is best for the communities they serve, and this new tool helps them tailor material from shared collections to serve their audience best."
Source: Baker & Taylor
LookUp Precision Adds Functionality and Features
Lucidea announced a new release of its digital resource cost management and recovery system, LookUp Precision, which features three updates: a new iPad and iPhone app, support for Chrome, and a self-service password management feature.
The free app is a mobile way for users to perform usage tracking and client validation. Lucidea has a server component that works in tandem with the app to sync statistics collected via the app and the desktop usage database.
LookUp Precision is now compatible with Chrome version 35 and later and for computers with Windows Vista, Windows 7, or Windows 8.
My Passwords, the password management feature, lists users' login credentials for each digital resource they track (such as LexisNexis or CCH) via a persistent URL.
Source: Lucidea

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


He said the threat to Iraq's Christians now is coming from Iran-backed militias that are keeping minority groups from returning home or fleeing once again.
Before he visited Iraq in March, Anderson said, he met with Pope Francis. "A Middle East without Christians is not the Middle East," the pope told him.
"Baghdad's ambassador in Washington often says that 'Iraq is not Iraq without its minorities,'" Anderson wrote.
"Water and power facilities, schools, hospitals and other public works have been refurbished and rebuilt, courtesy of the U.S. government," he said.
"They have made life nearly unbearable for Christians attempting to return to towns like Batnaya, where the Popular Mobilization Forces have stripped Christian family homes of plumbing, wiring and other metal," he explained.
So once again many of fleeing the country because they fear for their lives, because of the militias and no "rule of law in their hometowns," according to Anderson.
"The situation is beyond demoralizing for anyone who has stood by Iraq's minorities and prayed for their triumph after years of adversity," Anderson added.
He support must continue for "these fragile communities" Ninevah as well as in Kurdistan and in Southern Iraq.


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What is Pin code of Ramkhiria?
Ramkhiria Pin code or Postal zip code of Ramkhiria is an unique Post index number provided to the post office of Ramkhiria, Jabalpur Division, Jabalpur District of Madhya Pradesh state, India. These Pin codes are provided by India Post.


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USU Co-leads Largest NCAA-DOD Concussion Study in History
Dr. Paul F. Pasquina examines Sgt. 1st Class Ramon Padilla's prosthetic arm in his office at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland. (Photo courtesy of PBS)
10/8/2021 By: Sarah Marshall, Uniformed Services University
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence
Uniformed Service University's (USU) Dr. Paul Pasquina will co-lead the next phase of the largest concussion and repetitive head impact study in history, the NCAA-U.S. Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium.
Pasquina, professor and chair of USU's Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, will lead the upcoming phase, known as CARE/Service Academy Longitudinal mTBI Outcomes Study (SALTOS) Integrated Study, as principal investigator for the DoD through USU's Center for Rehabilitation Sciences Research, coordinating engagement with the four military academies, the military's Explosive Ordnance and Disposal school at Eglin Air Force Base, as well as the Defense Health Agency's National Intrepid Center of Excellence for TBI and Intrepid Spirit Centers at Fort Hood, Fort Bragg, and Joint Base Lewis-McChord.
CARE is the most comprehensive and prospective study of its kind, and is the product of the historic NCAA-DOD Grand alliance created in 2014. The Consortium seeks to better understand concussion, as well as Head Impact Exposure (HIE), with broad aims to enhance the health and safety of NCAA student-athletes and military service members. It is also the first major concussion study to assess both women and men in 24 sports, and serves as a valuable resource for youth sports participants and society at large. Prior to CARE, most concussion literature came from men's football and men's ice hockey. Leveraging its extensive infrastructure and experienced research team, the consortium has now published more than 80 scientific papers that have been critical to advancing the science of mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI)/concussion and HIE.
The initial phase of CARE focused on the six-month natural history and neurobiology of acute concussion and HIE. The second phase, CARE 2.0, prospectively investigated the intermediate effects -- such as changes in brain health outcomes over a college career -- and early persistent health effects associated with HIE and concussion soon after graduation. CARE/SALTOS will investigate the nature and causes of long-term effects of HIE and concussion/mTBI in NCAA student-athletes and military service members.
"As a former member of West Point's varsity football team, where I sustained several concussions, my interest in this study is both personal and professional," Pasquina said. "There remain a number of unanswered questions surrounding concussion and head impact exposure that we hope to be able to help answer through this study. Our team remains committed to help protect, promote, and preserve brain health for service members, athletes, and the public."
The Consortium has also just received a combined $42.65 million in funding to begin the next phase of its landmark research project. The newly-awarded funding includes a $25 million award from the Medical Technology Enterprise Consortium via the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, from the Defense Health Program under the oversight of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs. An additional $10 million in funding was awarded by the NCAA, and $7.65 million was granted by the Defense Health Agency via a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement. This latest funding will allow the research team additional resources to build upon existing CARE/SALTOS research by following former CARE research participants beyond graduation to evaluate the long-term or late effects (up to 10 years) on brain health after mTBI/concussion and/or HIE.
The CARE/SALTOS Integrated study is an integrated public/private effort, and is designed to identify the unique individual characteristics (such as phenotypes/genotypes) of individuals at a higher versus lower risk of negative outcomes associated with concussion and HIE. This data set will be made available to the broader scientific community to promote further development of specific strategies for injury prevention, early recognition, and mitigating treatments of those at greatest risk of brain health effects.
Fact Sheets (28)
TBICoE Brain Injury Awareness Month 2023 Events Flyer
2023 Brain Injury Awareness Month training and education events hosted by the Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | TBI Provider Resources | TBI Educators | Education & Training Events | Vision Center of Excellence
Progressive Return to Activity: Primary Care for Acute Concussion Management
The Progressive Return to Activity (PRA): Primary Care for Acute Concussion Management clinical recommendation is an evidence-based return to activity protocol for primary care managers and concussion/traumatic brain injury (TBI) clinic providers. The PRA is a six-step approach that begins after the provider performs the Military Acute Concussion Evaluation 2 (MACE 2) and diagnoses the patient with a concussion/TBI. The PRA stages start with relative rest and allow service members to gradually increase activities until they receive clearance for return to full duty or activity. In each stage, it offers general and military specific activities and options to help providers manage their patients' primary symptom clusters. The PRA also offers recommendations on specialty referrals and handouts are available for providers to give patients and leadership.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | TBI Provider Resources | TBI Educators | Centers of Excellence
Blast Overpressure Research Brings NATO Group to DHHQ
DOD and NATO experts recently met to continue their work on warfighter brain health to protect soldiers from the overblast pressure of their weaponry.
Research & Innovation | Brain Injury Awareness | Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence
More Inclusive Research Key to Understanding Prevalence of Dementia
Dementia and its most common form, Alzheimer's disease, are cognitive disorders that affect more women than men. Although there are various theories on why, more equitable research is needed.
Women's Health | Psychological Fitness | Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence
Healthy Sleep Following Concussion/mTBI Fact Sheet
Getting restful sleep is one of the most important things you can do for your health, and it often takes thoughtful preparation during the day. This fact sheet offers service members and veterans who experience sleep disturbances after a concussion with healthy sleep tips that can likely improve sleep.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | Patient and Family Resources | TBI Educators | TBI Provider Resources | Centers of Excellence
2022 (Q2) DOD Worldwide Numbers for TBI
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. Here you'll find data on the number of active-duty service members—anywhere U.S. forces are located—with a first-time TBI diagnosis in the calendar year 2022 through the second quarter. The data is also broken down by each branch of the armed services.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | DOD TBI Worldwide Numbers | TBI Provider Resources | TBI Educators | TBICoE Research | Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division
2000-2022 Q2 DOD Worldwide Numbers for TBI
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. Here you'll find data on the number of active-duty service members—anywhere U.S. forces are located—with a first-time TBI diagnosis from calendar year 2000 through the second quarter of 2022. The data is also broken down by each branch of the armed services.
2021 DOD Worldwide Numbers for TBI
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. Here you'll find data on the number of active-duty service members—anywhere U.S. forces are located—with a first-time TBI diagnosis in 2021. The data is also broken down by each branch of the armed services.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | TBI Educators | TBI Provider Resources | DOD TBI Worldwide Numbers
Groundbreaking Study on Trauma-related Sleep Disorder
Army researchers publish an important new study on Trauma-associated Sleep Disorder, or TSD.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | Sleep
Top U.S. Military Enlisted Leader Shares Experience of Stigma Surrounding TBI
Recovery after brain injury keeps warfighters mission-ready.
On National Concussion Awareness Day, Learn the Truth about TBI
Separate the myths and truths around TBI
Neuroendocrine Dysfunction Following Concussion/Mild TBI Provider Fact Sheet
The Neuroendocrine Dysfunction Following Concussion/Mild TBI Provider Fact Sheet, developed by TBICoE, is a one page document that gives primary care managers (PCMs) an overview of neuroendocrine dysfunction (NED) that can occur after concussion, or mild TBI. It highlights conditions with overlapping symptoms, screening and treatment considerations, risk factors, and referral guidance for suspected NED.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | TBI Provider Resources
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. Here you'll find data on the number of active-duty service members—anywhere U.S. forces are located—with a first-time TBI diagnosis in the first quarter of calendar year 2022.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | TBICoE Research | TBI Educators
2000-2022 (Q1) DOD Worldwide Numbers for TBI
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. Here you'll find data on the number of active-duty service members—anywhere U.S. forces are located—with a first-time TBI diagnosis from calendar year 2000 through the first quarter of 2022. The data is also broken down by each branch of the armed services.
DOD TBI Worldwide Numbers At-A-Glance
TBICoE is the Defense Department's office of responsibility for tracking traumatic brain injury data in the U.S. military. The "DOD TBI Numbers At-A-Glance" provide a high level overview of TBI's sustained since 2000 and also show the data by severity and service branch.
Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence | DOD TBI Worldwide Numbers


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Home › Midweek Player Focus › The Midweek Player Focus #65: James Hanson
The Midweek Player Focus #65: James Hanson
By Width of a Post on December 17, 2014 • ( 7 )
Picture by Thomas Gadd (thomasgadd.co.uk)
With 11 goals netted from 24 starts, 2014 should go down as the most prolific period of James Hanson's Bradford City career. Yet rather than this calendar year being judged a personal triumph, these are uncertain times for the club's longest-serving player. For the first time since joining from Guiseley in 2009, James Hanson is no longer a sure-fire starter.
The Bantams have so far played 49 league and cup matches during 2014, which means less than half of the team sheets have featured Hanson's name in the starting XI. It has been a year punctured by injury problems for the player, and in time it has come at a price. It once took the Bantams two years to win a game without Hanson. Yet over the last six matches – during which City's number nine has been rooted to the bench – they have won five and drawn one. In other words, City have found a way to win, and win often, without him.
And until last week, there was a perception amongst some City supporters that the reason for no longer starting Hanson was to begin life without him early. That there was a need to get on with learning how to prosper through other forward players, so they could cash in on their most saleable asset. With the budget deficit still some way off being solved, and variants for addressing it running out, it appeared as though Hanson was going to be sacrificed during the January transfer window. The rumours of his exit had grown in frequency during recent weeks.
Hanson was supposed to be a wanted man, and the club were seemingly ready to strike a deal.
Julian Rhodes and Phil Parkinson have both subsequently quashed these rumours. The joint-chairmen believes the deficit problem can be solved without a first team player being sold, and that there have been no bids for Hanson from other clubs. The manager has stated his desire to keep hold of a player who has served him so well over the past few years.
Whether this stance was the case all along is debatable, as WOAP understands that those rumours of interest from Bolton and Huddersfield had more substance than the club are publically stating. No matter, Hanson staying at Valley Parade is the outcome that most Bradford City supporters want to see. It would have been difficult to stomach watching another of the club's best players being sold off to balance the books, especially if it resulted in Hanson rocking up at the same destination as his former strike partner.
If City do sell Hanson next month, they will look rather silly now in view of the strong comments made by Rhodes last week. The club has always said a player sale would be a last resort, and Hanson's exit now appears to be off the table.
But where does this leave the striker, given he suddenly can't get in the team? Parkinson has hinted that he wants to extend Jon Stead's loan spell beyond its expiration on 3 January – and the Huddersfield Town forward is out of contract this summer, suggesting he could become a permanent fixture in this corner of West Yorkshire.
Stead is widely viewed as blocking Hanson's first team path, although the two played together in October and showed some promise as a partnership. In fact, it would be more accurate to state that Billy Clarke is keeping Hanson out of the team. Clarke's superb strike at Chesterfield on Saturday was the third consecutive game of finding the back of the net. Just like the last five games, Hanson was forced to settle for a few minutes from the bench, to help his team see the game out. In the last five City games (450 minutes), Hanson has spent less than an hour on the field.
A curious, and frustrating, state of affairs for the player.
It's just shy of three years ago since Phil Parkinson, struggling midway through his first season in the Valley Parade hotseat, unearthed a striker partnership that would not only keep the Bantams in the Football League that year, but guide the club to a double Wembley appearance and a place in League One.
Pairing James Hanson – at the time struggling to win over a growing band of critics in the crowd – with the raw potential of Bermudian Nahki Wells was a masterstroke. They impressed up front together in back-to-back home wins over Crewe and Shrewsbury Town, providing with it a way forwards. Parkinson would go on to build his History Makers team around the pair.
And as strike partnerships go, it proved to be up there amongst the most impressive in the club's history. A reincarnation of Robbie Blake and Lee Mills. The pace and unpredictability of Wells had echoes of Blake; the power and strength of Hanson was a reminder of Mills in his pomp. Like all the very best forward pairings Hanson and Wells developed an intuitive understanding, and each would instinctively know where and how to link up with the other. That their understanding seemed so natural was testament to a lot of hard work on the training ground. At times they made it look easy.
Unlike Mills and Blake, in this partnership the little man – Wells – was the more prolific player and it was always going to be a big test of the club, and Hanson, in coping without those goals. It took 55 seconds into life without Wells for Hanson to find the back of the net, in a 1-1 draw with Bristol City. Hanson has continued to thrive when he has been fit to play, adopting a more advanced position up the field than before. Since Wells has left Bradford City, Hanson has taken his mantle of being the team's one in two goalscorer. His City career overall is one goal every three-and-a-half games.
But, of course, life without Wells has not gone smoothly. His replacement, Aaron Mclean, has proven a terrible signing and is now someone Parkinson is desperate to shift off the books. Mclean looked on paper to be the perfect replacement for Wells in linking up with Hanson, but there was no chemistry in evidence on the pitch – despite both evidently working hard to make it work. Mclean either could not or would not play off the shoulder of the last man in the manner of Wells. The flick ons from Hanson went unrewarded. It was painful to watch two players struggle to read the mind of each other, when in Hanson and Wells such high expectations were routinely fulfilled.
And though the blame was rightly placed upon Mclean, it has nevertheless caused a question mark to be raised against Hanson. Apart from Wells, just who has he being able to forge a good striker partnership with during his five-and-a-half seasons at Valley Parade? Gareth Evans, during his first season, perhaps – albeit it was a limited success. Aside from Wells, Hanson – and the club – have been hamstrung by a lack of good strikers to play with the big man. We expected more of the likes of Jake Speight and Mark Stewart. There has been some poor recruitment in this area, with Parkinson as guilty as his predecessors.
Nevertheless, Hanson's ongoing demotion from the first team is partially a result of his struggles to forge a strike partnership with anyone else. If you put to one side their greater career pedigree and judge them on their contributions this season, could you really argue that Jon Stead and Billy Clarke are better strikers than Hanson? They do some things better than Hanson for sure, but in other areas they are inferior.
Stead and Clarke are in the team ahead of Hanson because they are the best strike partnership at the club, even if they are not necessarily the club's best two strikers. Hanson has played alongside both players and these partnerships went okay, but he didn't click with either player to the same level as Stead and Clarke have with each other.
Herein lies the problem for Hanson. With Stead and Clarke leading the line City are winning football matches: so where does it leave a player who the manager wants to keep rather than sell?
James Hanson has rarely being a substitute for Bradford City. Whenever fit, Hanson has started games. He has fought off competition from players like Jason Price and Andy Gray to remain the number one target man. Stuart McCall, Peter Taylor, Peter Jackson and Phil Parkinson all felt the same way about the striker's value to the team and ensured he was a key part of their approach.
And yet now, Hanson is a regular substitute, and it is unclear what value he brings to such a role. Which is not to question his ability, but simply to wonder if he is the type of player who can make a big impact from the bench during tight games or when a goal is needed? Alan Connell was very often a Bradford City super sub who could come off from the bench, instantly picking up the speed and tempo of a game and then effecting its outcome, but we don't know if Hanson can be similarly influential.
Over recent weeks, Hanson's run-outs have been restricted to helping the team see out winning positions, rather than needing him to spearhead efforts in chasing a goal. To aid in running the clock down. From such short cameos, Hanson has rarely being presented with opportunities to score a goal, nor has he been needed to.
Such a status seems unfitting. He is now within the club's top 10 all-time goalscorers. He netted that most famous of goals at Villa Park nearly two years ago, as Bradford City defeated Aston Villa to reach the League Cup Final. He contributed vital goals in that season's promotion run-in, including opening the scoring at Wembley's League Two play off final. He scored the winner against Leeds United, earlier this season, to earn the Bantams a first victory over their biggest rivals in almost three decades.
And he is paid well to play for Bradford City, after agreeing a three-and-a-half year contract, 13 months ago, that made him one of the club's biggest earners. And there is surely something troubling about the fact that Hanson and Mclean will be amongst the top five, if not top three, highest-paid players at Valley Parade, yet neither are contributing in a way that was hoped or expected just months ago.
If Stead is kept on for the rest of this season, where does that leave Hanson? Waiting for Stead to get injured? Hoping that Clarke's form takes a dip? Can he be an effective substitute? Is he happy to accept this reduced status? And if the club's efforts to solve the budget deficit doesn't go to plan and they have to deploy the last resort variant, do they risk Hanson's resale value falling due to his lack of first team football?
We suddenly aren't talking about an indispensable player.
I am pro-James Hanson. Unashamedly so. I get stick from some readers for my continued stance, but I'm proud to have stuck up for him during his more difficult days, and have continued to trumpet his worth after his popularity and standing amongst supporters improved.
I am pro-Hanson, but I understand the management thinking behind his recent demotion. He looked short of fitness following his October return to the team; and after resting him at Halifax, Parkinson has found a successful way of playing with a flat midfield four and with Clarke dropping in just behind Stead.
Nevertheless, the qualities and abilities which Hanson offers to the club cannot be overlooked forever. I'm unsure that Clarke and Stead are a long-term solution. Both are playing out of their skin right now, but whether they can sustain such amazing form over a long period remains to be seen. A look at both players' career goal records does not suggest they will ever be a prolific pairing.
You also suspect that the team can continue to play this way with Hanson in for Stead or Clarke, should either become unavailable. It is not the same scenario of two years ago, where Hanson and Wells were so far ahead of every other forward on the books that rotation was a rarely used option.
At 27-years-old, Hanson is approaching what should be his peak years as a footballer. And he goes into those peak years with the character and confidence of enduring difficult times at Bradford City and blossoming as a player.
For their part, City have invested a lot of time and commitment in making Hanson the player that he is today. Time and commitment that has delivered an exceptional return, but which can still pay off further by maintain his long-term development. His impressive goal return this year suggests a player who has not yet reached his full potential, and it would be a waste by the club to fail to capitalise on just how good James Hanson can still become.
With special thanks to Alex Scott and Katie Whyatt for their input on this piece.
‹ There we were, now here we are
Phil Parkinson enjoys the highs as Scunthorpe United come to town ›
Categories: Midweek Player Focus
Tags: Aaron McLean, BCAFC, Billy Clarke, James Hanson, Jon Stead, Nahki Wells, Phil Parkinson
From what I understand the club is desperate to sell Hanson.. However he simply can't pass a medical anywhere due to his thigh and his penchant for a drink or 2.. This is just something I,heard from a friend close to people in the Huddersfield Town camp (not that,it's necessarily them who want to buy him) could be rubbish but he's usually right about things like this
What a load of rubbish Chris Taylor!!! Firstly James hardly drinks,don't believe everything you hear from certain keyboard morons! Secondly James is probably one the fittest members of the squad! He loves the club,but doesn't owe them anything after what he has achieved in his time.I think he should be treated with a tad more respect by certain"fans"of the club.league cup semi winner,play-off semi&final goals,winner against the auld enemy,not to mention joint all-time top 10 goal-scorer.I arrest my case.
Michael – please ignore these 'fans'. James is one of city's best players and i hope and believe genuine supporters realise this.
competition for places is just what we need.
Paul Hodgson
I am unashamedly a James Hanson fan. I recall the home game against Villa when we had been shunted to sit in the main stand and 3 idiots in the row behind were loud in their condemnation of the player almost from the kickoff. strangely, at the final whistle….not a peep! I have championed the Hanson-Stead front partnership. I firmly believe it would work to City's benefit! teams playing City would think "2 big men up front? we'll be peppered by the high ball for 90 minutes". Wrong! both player are actually more than adequate on the ground and the ball being played on the deck would definitely upset their pre-match planning for coming up against City. It has been said that Hanson is off form. how do we know that? He's hardly on the pitch for us to make a judgement. and anyway, if he is off form, the only way to regain his best form is for him to get match time.I for one would be very angry if Hanson were to be another cut price sale. Are City the Huddersfield Town (or any other club's) charitable/benevolent organisation?
Jim was regularly hammered on social media when the team was struggling in League2.He has blossomed under PPs guidance You do wonder what those who castigated him think of him now. Top player and seemingly a modest and understated lad to boot. I doubt very much PP would want to lose him unless the money offered could not be refused.
Big Jim needs some more game time. What we are missing is another young pacey striker who we can mould into another Nahki. Hopefully when fit Lewis Clarkson could be this man.


text:
Mumbai's first cop housing scheme to come up on private land
The government has permitted the conversion as "most land in its vicinity has already been developed"
Clara Lewis
MUMBAI: The city's first police housing scheme will come up on private land, in a no-development zone which has been converted into a residential zone for the purpose.
The government has permitted the conversion as "most land in its vicinity has already been developed". Urban development department (UDD) officials said the plot was near the Infinity IT Park and civic reservoir in Malad, beyond which is the Sanjay Gandhi National Park. The scheme is subject to the draft notification of the eco-sensitive zone around the National Park issued in January.
The over 20-acre (80,934 sq metre) plot is owned by construction firm D B Realty, and its development is being allowed under Section 33(3) (b) of the Development Control Regulations (DCR), which means a developer can sell 80% of the construction as a sale component.
UDD officials said the total floor space index (FSI) that will be allowed is 3.8, which means the developer can construct 33.1 lakh sq ft. Of this, an FSI of 1 will be for police housing and the remainder can be sold by the developer in the open market, for which the incentive FSI is 0.8. The developer gets the base FSI of 1 and can also use the transfer of development rights, so the total FSI is 3.8. Each police tenement is to be 40 sq m (430.55 sq ft).
In a notification early this month, the UDD said the home department will be the authority for the land development and will ensure that the police housing component is strictly implemented at the earliest.
Under its housing policy for the police, the state will set up 33,000 tenements on private land and so introduced the new DCR. It directed that the developer must maintain a 10-metre buffer zone on land adjoining the forest. The developer will have to develop an 18-metre wide road.
UDD
police housing scheme
D B Realty


text:
package com.changic.rh.db;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;

import com.changic.rh.db.pool.DBPoolMgr;
import com.changic.rh.util.Log;

public abstract class Dao
{
	/**
	 * 查询,返回的结果类型取决于reader的泛型,

	 * 若reader读取时未达到预期效果(返回false),则查询结果为null
	 *
	 * @param sql
	 * @param reader
	 * @return
	 */
	public <T> T executeQuery(String sql, ResultReader<T> reader)
	{
		return executeQuery(sql, null, reader);
	}

	/**
	 * 查询,返回的结果类型取决于reader的泛型,

	 * 若reader读取时未达到预期效果(返回false),则查询结果为null
	 *
	 * @param sql
	 * @param params
	 *            list形式传参
	 * @param reader
	 * @return
	 */
	public <T> T executeQuery(String sql, List<Object> params, ResultReader<T> reader)
	{
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null)
		{
			return null;
		}
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try
		{
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			convertParams(pstmt, params);
			rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
			reader.readRs(rs);
			return reader.getResult();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("数据库查询异常,sql:" + sql, e);
			return null;
		}
		finally
		{
			closeConn(pstmt, rs);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 批量执行,启用事务
	 *
	 * @param pstmtSql
	 * @param entitys
	 *            被执行的实体参数集合
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean executeBatch(String pstmtSql, List<List<Object>> entitys)
	{
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null || entitys == null)
		{
			return false;
		}
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		try
		{
			conn.setAutoCommit(false);
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(pstmtSql, ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE, ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE);
			for (List<Object> entity : entitys)
			{
				convertParams(pstmt, entity);
				pstmt.addBatch();
			}
			pstmt.executeBatch();
			conn.commit();
			return true;
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("批量执行异常!sql:" + pstmtSql, e);
			rollback(conn);
			return false;
		}
		finally
		{
			try
			{
				conn.setAutoCommit(true);
			}
			catch (SQLException e)
			{
				Log.error("重置connection自动提交异常", e);
			}
			closeConn(conn, pstmt);
		}
	}

	public int executeUpdate(String sql, List<Object> params)
	{
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null)
		{
			return -1;
		}
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		try
		{
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			convertParams(pstmt, (List<Object>) params);
			return pstmt.executeUpdate();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("sql执行异常,sql:" + sql, e);
			return -1;
		}
		finally
		{
			closeConn(conn, pstmt);
		}
	}

	public boolean execute(String sql, List<Object> params)
	{
		return execute0(sql, params) > -1;
	}

	final protected int execute0(String sql, List<Object> params)
	{
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null)
		{
			return -1;
		}
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		try
		{
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			convertParams(pstmt, (List<Object>) params);
			return pstmt.executeUpdate();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("sql执行异常,sql:" + sql, e);
			return -1;
		}
		finally
		{
			closeConn(conn, pstmt);
		}
	}

	public boolean execute(String sql, Object... params)
	{
		return execute0(sql, params) > -1;
	}

	final protected int execute0(String sql, Object... params)
	{
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null)
		{
			return -1;
		}

		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		try
		{
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			convertParams(pstmt, params);
			return pstmt.executeUpdate();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("sql执行异常,sql:" + sql, e);
			return -1;
		}
		finally
		{
			closeConn(conn, pstmt);
		}
	}

	protected boolean execute(Connection conn, String sql, List<Object> params) throws Exception
	{
		PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
		int result = -1;
		try
		{
			convertParams(pstmt, params);
			result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
		}
		finally
		{
			pstmt.close();
		}
		return result == 1;
	}

	/**
	 * 执行SQL,返回主键ID
	 *
	 * @param sql
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	public long execAndGetLastId(String sql)
	{
		long result = -1;
		Connection conn = getConnection();
		if (conn == null)
		{
			return result;
		}
		PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
		ResultSet rs = null;
		try
		{
			pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
			pstmt.executeUpdate();
			rs = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
			if (rs.next())
			{
				result = rs.getLong(1);
			}
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			Log.error("sql执行异常,sql:" + sql, e);
		}
		finally
		{
			closeConn(pstmt, rs);
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 参数转换
	 *
	 * @param pstmt
	 * @param params
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void convertParams(PreparedStatement pstmt, List<Object> params) throws Exception
	{
		if (params != null)
		{
			int i = 0;
			for (Object value : params)
			{
				pstmt.setObject(++i, value);
			}
		}
	}

	public void convertParams(PreparedStatement pstmt, Object... params) throws Exception
	{
		int i = 0;
		for (Object value : params)
		{
			pstmt.setObject(++i, value);
		}
	}

	protected void closeConn(Connection conn)
	{
		try
		{
			if (conn != null)
			{
				conn.close();
			}
		}
		catch (SQLException e)
		{
			Log.error("关闭db连接时异常", e);
		}
	}

	private void closeConn(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt)
	{
		try
		{
			if (pstmt != null)
			{
				pstmt.close();
				pstmt = null;
			}
		}
		catch (SQLException e)
		{
			Log.error("关闭db连接时异常", e);
		}
		closeConn(conn);
	}

	private void closeConn(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
	{
		try
		{
			if (rs != null)
				rs.close();
		}
		catch (SQLException e)
		{
			Log.error("关闭db连接时异常", e);
		}
		closeConn(conn, pstmt);
	}

	protected void closeConn(PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
	{
		try
		{
			if (pstmt != null)
			{
				Connection conn = pstmt.getConnection();
				closeConn(conn, pstmt, rs);
			}
		}
		catch (SQLException e)
		{
			Log.error("关闭db连接时异常", e);
		}
	}

	/** 数据回滚 **/
	protected void rollback(Connection conn)
	{
		try
		{
			conn.rollback();
		}
		catch (Exception e1)
		{
			Log.error("数据回滚异常", e1);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 获得数据库连接
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	protected Connection getConnection()
	{
		return DBPoolMgr.getConnection();
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Suka & Spice™: Will she be accepted?
Rumor on the street is that Catherine Zeta-Jones is in the middle of applying for a trademark for a new line of cosmetics under her name. As stunning as she is, I'm hoping her application goes through with ease and her line gets in stores ASAP! With SJP coming out with her new line "Bitten", there's just so much to be excited about and look forward to these days.


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