text:
304 U.S. 191 - Pacific Nat Co v. Welch
the United States Reports
304 US 191 Pacific Nat Co v. Welch
58 S.Ct. 857
82 L.Ed. 1282
PACIFIC NAT. CO.
WELCH, Former Collector of Internal Revenue.
Argued March 3, 1938.
Decided May 2, 1938.
Messrs. Donald V. Hunter, of Washington, D.C., and Melvin D Wilson, of Los Angeles, Cal., for petitioner.
Mr. Edward J. Ennis, of New York City, for respondent.
Mr. Justice BUTLER delivered the opinion of the Court.
March 14, 1929, petitioner filed its income tax return for 1928. The return reported $137,007.17 as profit resulting from sales of lots in that year. That figure was arrived at by adding to the cash paid in 1928, on account of the sales, the amounts later to be paid, and by deducting from the total the cost of lots and improvements and expenses of the sales.
In 1931 petitioner filed a claim for refund of the entire tax on the ground that the sales had been made on the installment basis, but the profits had been reported as if the sales were for cash, and that this was erroneous. The claim was rejected. Petitioner sued; trial by jury having been waived, the District Court made findings of fact and held that petitioner reported income as authorized by the Revenue Act of 1928 and applicable regulations, and thereby made an election which became binding on the expiration of the time allowed for filing the return. Accordingly it gave judgment for respondent. Upon the same ground the Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed. 9 Cir., 91 F.2d 590. The decision below being in conflict with that of the Court of Claims in Kaplan v. United States, Ct.Cl., 18 F.Supp. 965, we granted a writ of certiorari. 302 U.S. 679, 58 S.Ct. 281, 82 L.Ed. —-.
Under the applicable statutes and regulations, petitioner could have chosen either of two methods for the ascertainment and report of gain or loss on the sales. The Revenue Act of 1928, 45 Stat. 791, establishes both. Defining one, the 'deferred payment method,' it declares that gross income includes profits from sales, section 22(a), 26 U.S.C.A. § 22(a) and note; regulates the computation of gain or loss, section 22(e), 26 U.S.C.A. § 22 note; defines gain to be the excess of the amount realized over the basis, sections 111(a), 113, 26 U.S.C.A. §§ 111 note, 113 note; and provides that the 'amount realized' shall be the sum of any money received plus the fair market value of property (other than money) received, section 111(c), 26 U.S.C.A. § 111(b) and note. Regulations 74, art. 352. Defining the other, the 'installment method,' it provides that, in the case of a casual sale or other casual disposition of personal property for a price exceeding $1,000 or in the case of sale or other disposition of real property, if payments received during the taxable year in which the sale was made do not exceed 40 per cent. of the selling price, the income may, under regulations prescribed, be returned on the installment method, section 44(b), 26 U.S.C.A. § 44 note; i.e., the taxpayer may return in any taxable year that proportion of the installment payments actually received in that year which the gross profit realized or to be realized when payment is completed bears to total contract price. See section 44(a), 26 U.S.C.A. § 44(a) and note.
Regulations 74 permit the vendor to return income from installment sales on the straight accrual or cash receipts basis; when so reported the sales are treated as deferred payment sales not on the installment plan. Article 353. In ascertaining the amount of profit or loss from that class of sales, the obligations of the purchaser to the vendor are taken at their fair market value; if they have none, the payments in cash or other property having a fair market value shall be applied against and reduce the basis of the property sold, and, if in excess of such basis, shall be taxable to the extent of the excess. Gain or loss is realized when the obligations are disposed of or satisfied, the amount being the difference between the reduced basis and the amount realized therefor. Article 354.
The question is whether, having filed a return according to the deferred payment method, the taxpayer by filing claim for refund is entitled to have the profit from the sales computed on the installment method.
Petitioner contends that the installment method alone discloses its income from the sales of lots and that the deferred payment method failed clearly to reflect income.
Conceding that its return might have been made in accordance with either method, petitioner says that, being ignorant of both, it treated the sales as if made for cash at figures mentioned in the contracts. Its argument, therefore, rests upon the assertion, which we assume to be true, that the promises of purchasers to pay installments were worth less than face value. But that fact has no bearing upon the question whether proper application of the deferred payment method would clearly reflect income for that method permits installments to be taken at market value and, if they have no market value, allows postponement of ascertainment of gain or loss until realized. While petitioner's return may have been an inept application of the deferred payment method, there is nothing in it or the statement of claim for refund that gives any support to the idea that, if rightly applied, that method would not clearly reflect income.
The parties agree that, if allowed to change to the installment method, petitioner would be entitled to a refund in some amount. But that fact has no tendency to discredit the deferred payment method as inapplicable. The amount of the tax for the year in question is only one of many considerations that may be taken into account by the taxpayer when deciding which method to employ. The one that will produce a higher tax may be preferable because of probable effect on amount of taxes in later years. In case of overstatement and overpayment, the taxpayer may obtain refund calculated according to the method on which the return was made. Change from one method to the other, as petitioner seeks, would require recomputation and readjustment of tax liability for subsequent years and impose burdensome uncertainties upon the administration of the revenue laws. It would operate to enlarge the statutory period for filing returns, section 53(a), 26 U.S.C.A. § 53(a) and note, to include the period allowed for recovering overpayments, section 322(b), 26 U.S.C.A. § 322 note. There is nothing to suggest that Congress intended to permit a taxpayer, after expiration of the time within which return is to be made, to have his tax liability computed and settled according to the other method. By reporting income from the sales in question according to the deferred payment method, petitioner made an election that is binding upon it and the commissioner.1
Mr. Justice CARDOZO and Mr. Justice REED took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.
Commissioner v. Moore, 10 Cir., 48 F.2d 526, 528, certiorari denied, Garber v. Burnet, 284 U.S. 620, 52 S.Ct. 8, 76 L.Ed. 528; Marks v. United States, D.C., 18 F.Supp. 911, 913; Sylvia S. Strauss v. Comm., 33 B.T.A. 855, affirmed, 2 Cir., 87 F.2d 1018; Max Viault v. Comm., 36 B.T.A. 430, 431; Sarah Briarly v. Comm., 29 B.T.A. 256, 258; Louis Werner Saw Mill Co. v. Comm., 26 B.T.A. 141, 144, 145; Liberty Realty Corporation v. Comm., 26 B.T.A. 1119; Morgan Rundel v. Comm., 21 B.T.A. 1019; Johnson Realty Trust v. Comm., 21 B.T.A. 1333. Cf. United States v. Pettigrew, 9 Cir., 81 F.2d 666; Rose v. Grant, 5 Cir., 39 F.2d 340; Alameda Inv. Co. v. McLaughlin, 9 Cir., 33 F.2d 120; Buttolph v. Commissioner, 7 Cir., 29 F.2d 695; Safety Electric Products Co. v. Helvering, 9 Cir., 70 F.2d 439; Dr. Pepper Bottling Co. v. Commissioner, 5 Cir., 69 F.2d 768; Radiant Class Co. v. Burnet, 60 App.D.C. 351, 54 F.2d 718.


Compare the best wireless broadband deals. We compare all the leading broadband providers including eir, Magnet, Pure Telecom, Sky & Vodafone.
Wireless broadband, also known as wi-fi, simply means broadband without the wires. Wireless internet works via a router that's placed in your home.
The main providers of wireless broadband in Ireland are Digiweb, eir, Magnet, Pure Telecom, Sky & Vodafone.
Is broadband the same wi-fi?
No there is a difference. Broadband - is the technology that brings the internet into your home through a series of cables, exchanges and cabinets. Broadband usually arrives to your home via your phone line.
Wifi – Once you sign up to a wireless broadband deal, a wireless router, will be sent to your home which will be physically plugged into your broadband connection, this distributes wifi connectivity around your home, allowing you to connect all your devices to the internet without the use of cables.
How do I get wireless broadband?
For wifi in the home, you need a wireless router which allows you to access the internet anywhere in your home within its range from any wi-fi enabled device e.g. tablet, laptop, mobile.
When you switch to a wireless package, your provider will send out a router. The router should allow you to get onto in any part of your house, as long as the signal reaches far enough.
Who provides the best wifi router?
Broadband providers have started to invest into their equipment - like modems and routers - to improve customers' experiences.
The Sky Q Hub, which delivers speeds up to 3 times faster speeds than the previous generation of routers. You can connect up to 64 devices to this router at once.
What is the fastest wireless broadband?
The fastest wireless broadband deal is the Naked 500 and World Unlimited Home Phone plan from Virgin Media.
What is the cheapest wireless broadband?
Vodafone has the cheapest wireless broadband package, coming in at €25 for the first 6 months, and €40 thereafter.
How do I set up wireless broadband?
When you sign up for a wireless broadband plan, you will arrange an installation date with your new provider, who will come out and set your modem/router up for you.
They'll let you know your network name and password (this can also usually be found on the equipment itself). After that, you'll just need to switch WiFi on on your device, and sign into the network.
If you have any specific questions about how your modem/router should be set up, your provider's website will usually have plenty of information on this. Alternatively, you could call your provider's customer care line to talk through it.
Can I get wireless broadband without a phone line?
Most providers require you to have a phone line to provide you with an internet connection. However, Virgin Media doesn't require this - and you can also get broadband-only deals from many broadband providers, even if they do require a phone to install your broadband. The other options are satellite broadbandor mobile broadband.
Can I add TV or home phone to my wireless broadband plan?
TV and broadband, there are 4 main providers in the Irish market - eir, Sky, Virgin Media and Vodafone. The Vodafone TV and Gigabit Broadband Experience 1000 + Home Essentials plan from Vodafone is the cheapest package on the market at the moment.
[Broadband and phone].(https://switcher.ie/broadband/compare/broadband-and-home-phone/),The cheapest plan is from Vodafone.


When the Waterproof Case is used, the waterproof and shockproof performance is as follows.
SPK-AS1 is operable up to 198 feet (60 meters) under the water surface.
SPK-AS2 is operable up to 16 feet (5 meters) for 30 minutes under the water surface.
SPK-AZ1 is operable up to 16 feet (5 meters) for 30 minutes under the water surface.
SPK-X1 (bundled) is operable up to a water depth of 33 feet (10 meters) for 60 minutes.
MPK-UWH1 (bundled) is operable up to a water depth of 198 feet (60 meters) for 30 minutes.
Conforms to MIL-STD 810F Method 516.5-Shock standards. This product has passed testing when dropped from a height of 5 feet (1.5 meters) above a 2 inch (5 cm) thick plywood board.
Use the waterproof case or underwater housing which is compatible with your camera.


I have an old (obviously) 1.7 site that i need to move servers. A simple job for several other 1.5 and 2.5 sites with no issues at all but the 1.7 site is problematic.
I am using Akeeba to backup and restore and the site is working fine but i cannot login to the admin with my absolutely correct username and password.
I am changing the windows hostfile to access the admin on the new server as the domain is still pointing to the old one, this is the same procedure i have used dozens if not hundreds of times.
Can anyone suggest a way of getting into the admin on the new server please?
Yep i know its years out of date - i am trying to upgrade it, a page of adverts isnt helpful, thanks.
He is just a spammer ignore the idiot.


If you are an ebook publisher or the author of a brand-new novel, book promotion can take time. Making sure that you can see continual sales and readership of something that you worked hard on takes a special approach. If you self published you may feel as though you need to take almost a crash course in marketing.
A number of the top authors today are choosing to use video as part of their book promotion tools. This is because high-quality video content can be much better for connecting with an audience, for sharing information on your book and for easy sharing over social media and other advertising sources in the future.
By producing a high-quality video for your book, it's possible to see a huge jump in sales and make sure that more people can learn about your book in a unique format. Offering of video is almost like a trailer before a film versus the traditional format of looking at a book jacket. It is a modern way of connecting with your readers.
Video marketing has only grown more in demand through the past few years. A number of the largest publishing companies are now producing reviews and interviews with authors to promote books and spread the word about upcoming releases. Ongoing video content can be highly shareable and can provide the content that you may need to see a difference in book sales at launch.
By working with the production company you can focus in on creating the best type of video content for promoting your book. Getting access to the professional tools and software as well as the expertise of a video producer will help to ensure you can see the best in marketing results from video book promotions.
If you are interested in promoting your next book's with a professional quality marketing video, contact Book in Motion today.


text:
using FluentAssertions;
using Xunit;

namespace LiteDB.Tests.Document
{
    public class ObjectId_Tests
    {
        [Fact]
        public void ObjectId_BsonValue()
        {
            var oid0 = ObjectId.Empty;
            var oid1 = ObjectId.NewObjectId();
            var oid2 = ObjectId.NewObjectId();
            var oid3 = ObjectId.NewObjectId();

            var c1 = new ObjectId(oid1);
            var c2 = new ObjectId(oid2.ToString());
            var c3 = new ObjectId(oid3.ToByteArray());

            oid0.Should().Be(ObjectId.Empty);
            oid1.Should().Be(c1);
            oid2.Should().Be(c2);
            oid3.Should().Be(c3);

            c2.CompareTo(c3).Should().Be(-1); // 1 < 2
            c1.CompareTo(c2).Should().Be(-1); // 2 < 3

            // serializations
            var joid = JsonSerializer.Serialize(c1);
            var jc1 = JsonSerializer.Deserialize(joid).AsObjectId;

            jc1.Should().Be(c1);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void ObjectId_Equals_Null_Does_Not_Throw()
        {
            var oid0 = default(ObjectId);
            var oid1 = ObjectId.NewObjectId();

            oid1.Equals(null).Should().BeFalse();
            oid1.Equals(oid0).Should().BeFalse();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Learn what other readers have had to say about the Cocktails with God Bar-Room Novel Series by reading the comments below. Already an avid reader of the series and want to leave your own review? Use the contact form at the bottom of the page and we will be happy to get your opinion added to our reviews!
"This was a highly enjoyable book to read, I really enjoyed it"


text:
President Kenyatta believes hope for Africa lies in investing in youth
On Thursday, 19 June 2019, Kenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta said Africa has to invest more in its youth for it to become a continent of hope and prosperity.
Kenyatta said he was committed to keep up the momentum to create more jobs for the youth in Kenya and would each year host a summit on jobs to engage directly with young people.
"I commit to host an annual Jobs Summit which will engage young people, partners and all stakeholders to take stock of progress and advance action to increase the quality and quantum of jobs available to our young people," said Kenyatta.
Kenyatta said this as he launched a public-private partnership program that brings together MasterCard Foundation, Kenyan banks and the government to support job creation by supporting SME's to the tune of more than 100 billion shillings (982 million dollars)
The Mastercard Foundation's Young Africa Works Kenya platform aims to work closely with technical colleges and linking the youth to the job market. It will also create jobs by supporting the Small and Medium Enterprises through access to funds and training.
Kenyatta said the youth are Africa's biggest asset and governments should focus necessary policy attention on them.
"I urge Africa to invest in the youth and we will become a continent of hope, dignity and prosperity," said the President.
He said the majority of Africa's population is composed of the youth, who are persons below 25 years of age, and that is why all policy decisions must give them due consideration.
"In Kenya alone, there are 17 million children in primary and secondary schools, giving a true picture of Africa's youth bulge," he said.
He said Africa is on the cusp of an economic transformation with the adoption of the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) Agreement which will provide a common marketplace for over one billion people.
He said the common market arrangement will create enormous opportunities for Africa's youth who are full of energy and innovative ideas.
The President called on Africa's leaders to make continental integration a reality because it will create more avenues for economic growth and social integration.
Related Topics:KenyaKenya Jobs SummitKenya Latest NewsMasterCard FoundationUhuru KenyattaUhuru Kenyatta Latest NewsUhuru Kenyatta Quotes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Blackley and Broughton MP joins Kate Hoey and Frank Field in facing calls for his removal as a Labour MP.
Graham Stringer, the Labour MP for Blackley and Broughton, is to have deselection procedures and a vote of no confidence triggered against him following his decisive role in a series of knife-edge votes in which Theresa May's Conservative government survived thanks to the votes of five Labour Leavers – Kate Hoey, Frank Field, John Mann, Stringer and Kelvin Hopkins.
A motion brought before the constituency's Broughton ward says that Stringer's recent actions have "undermined the party and bolstered the Tories' position", and that the constituency party should start the process of removing him as the Labour candidate at the time of the next election, whenever that should be.
It means that of the five Labour rebels to vote with the Conservatives on the crucial vote, three – Field, Hoey, and Stringer – are now facing deselection. The fourth, Kelvin Hopkins, has in any case been suspended from the party following allegations of sexual harassment. Only John Mann, the Labour MP for Bassetlaw, has yet to face censure.
The reverberations for Labour's internal politics will be small. While Labour MPs are nervous about their own chances of being deselected, few will read across to the treatment of the five Labour Leavers, who were instrumental in averting a full-blown crisis within the government, to their own chances of being removed as Labour party candidates.
But its implications for May's ability to pass a Brexit deal with Labour votes may be larger. The Labour Leavers are not going to bail her out in any case, as any deal that is unacceptable to Jacob Rees-Mogg is also going to ride roughshod over the red lines of Labour's committed pro-Leave MPs. But it confirms for pro-European Labour MPs that voting with the government will likely carry a heavy and fatal price to their own careers. That means that only the softest of Brexits – retaining not only membership of the customs union but the single market as well – will be able to command enough Labour rebels to overcome the Conservative MPs who will surely vote against May's deal.


In my quest to finish all of my BOTM books and because I love the color purple, I finally picked up Lies We Told and wow, was I engrossed.
Coming in late but hot, here's your December Book of the Month picks!
November was QUITE a month.
Hank Green, notorious brother of YA king John Green, has finally written a book and it's like nothing you've ever read from his brother.
November is here! Book of the Month selections are out and it's time to pick our monthly book and then put it on our shelves and swear we're going to get to it soon…oh? Just me?
It's time to make your selection for Book of the Month in October and I'm so excited about this month's selections.
Helen Hoang was a household name for a bit when her book The Kiss Quotient was released and now we know something about her next book!


text:
Netflix May Soon Sell New Merch For Hit Shows Like "Stranger Things"
A T-shirt is a walking advertisement, after all.
By Blake Montgomery
Blake Montgomery BuzzFeed News Reporter
Barb from Netflix's hit series Stranger Things may be the new Barbie. Netflix seems to be considering making toys and other merchandise based on its original shows and movies.
According to a job posting on its website, Netflix is searching for a senior manager of "Licensing, Merchandising and Promotion," who will "own licensing of our content across the category landscape (eg. books, comics, gaming toys, collectibles, soundtrack and apparel) including ownership of relationship with retailers and suppliers across geographies." The job listing says that the new manager will bring the merchandise to online and physical markets.
Netflix currently sells Stranger Things merchandise through Hot Topic, but the hiring of a senior manager of merchandise may indicate it's looking to expand production and sales of clothes, toys, and other branded goods based on its content.
Bloomberg reports that Netflix has also asked its partner studios, such as Trigger Street Productions and Lionsgate Television, which have made popular series like House of Cards and Orange Is the New Black, respectively, to share revenue from licensed merchandise. Stranger Things was one of Netflix's first hits made at its own studios. The company has also produced the family sitcom The Ranch and the talk show Chelsea with Chelsea Handler in-house, and it plans to release the self-explanatory Comedians in Cars Getting Coffee this year. Netflix has said it will release 1,000 hours of original content, produced in-house and by partners, in 2017.
The streaming company would be following in the footsteps of major studios like Disney and 20th Century Fox by stepping up its merchandising efforts. According to Bloomberg, Disney's consumer division — which administers the studio's theme parks, toys, clothes, and other products — had sales of $1.5 billion in Q4 2016. It's not a new approach, either: Variety reported in 2013 that merchandise from The Simpsons alone had earned 20th Century Fox $4.6 billion during its 25-year lifespan.
Netflix may not be looking solely for revenue with licensed goods, though. In the merchandising manager job description, the company wrote, "We want licensed merchandise to help promote our titles so they become part of the zeitgeist for longer periods of time." A T-shirt is a walking advertisement, after all.
Netflix did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Topics In This Article
Blake Montgomery is a reporter for BuzzFeed News and is based in San Francisco.
Contact Blake Montgomery at blake.montgomery@buzzfeed.com.


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The hand isn't hovering directly over the panic button, but in Vancouver it's always close by.
From the middle of February to the middle of March the Canucks lost 11 of 16, including a disappointing 8-3 drubbing at the hands of the Red Wings, and lackluster efforts against some of the poorer teams in the conference.
Most recently, the boys have rattled off a 4 game win streak. They've done this despite a rotating lineup of injured forwards, and playing the last 5 games in 7 nights. On this streak, the hand has strayed from the panic button somewhat. But even with the Canucks winning streak, it seems like there is always the potential for disaster just past the next game. Why is that?
Injuries have decimated the roster depth at all forward positions.
The Canucks injured reserve already included Ryan Kesler (foot), David Booth (ankle), and Manny Malhotra (eye). More recently, the boys have also played without Chris Higgins (back), Zack Kassian (back), Dale Weise (shoulder), Steve Pinizzotto (illness), and Alexander Edler (suspension).
For one game against the Coyotes, the Canucks were missing their entire second line of Kesler, Booth and Higgins. Coach Vigneault was able to put together a lineup of forwards that included moving Keith Ballard out of the doghouse, and onto a 4th line with Andrew Ebbett and Dale Weise. Going into the last week, I felt that 5 games in 7 nights was going to make or break this team's hopes for the playoffs, especially as the Canucks were not playing to their potential. And my hand was hovering directly over the panic button.
The team still has two #1 goaltenders, and only one center that can score.
Manny Malhotra has been forced into retirement by the team, and with all due respect to Andrew Ebbett, Jordan Schroeder and Max Lapierre, none of them have proven themselves in the 2C spot. Ebbett and Schroeder have been up and down from the farm for most of the season, and Lapierre is the prototype 4C grinder. Once they get Kesler in the lineup, he will again have to work to get his game timing back, which will likely take at least 2 weeks of games, which will likely run right in to the playoffs.
I like having the insurance policy of two #1 goaltenders, but hockey history usually tells us that while a goalie tandem can work in the regular season, it is dangerous to run this system in the playoffs. The move that makes sense is to trade one goaltender for a center that can score, and pick up another goalie to play backup.
Canucks have goaltender supply, but demand is low.
Earlier in the season, potential trade partners for a Luongo deal included Tampa Bay or Florida, who currently sit at the bottom of the Eastern Conference standings. There's not much hope for a deep playoff run in either city, so the demand for a goaltender is low. Other potential trade destinations included Toronto and Chicago – both of which seem to have solved their goaltending problems internally. Reimer looks to be able to get the Maple Leafs into the playoffs this season, and Corey Crawford in Chicago has been lights out.
The Canucks will get through this rash of injuries, and they'll make the playoffs. They might even win the Northwest division. There are only 4 games left until the trade deadline. What do you think will happen? Blockbuster trade? A couple small deals to shore up the depth? Or nothing at all?
Raymond Kirk: Canucks are lacking desperation in their game.
Today marks the midway point through the 2013 Vancouver Canucks season, and this club finds itself in a situation that they and their fan base is not accustomed to over the last several years, in that they have won less than half of their games played.
Thanks to the benefit of the loser point and a weak Northwest Division, the Canucks have held the division lead up until tonight's loss to Minnesota. The division lead of course means a the difference bewteen a third seed in the playoff seeding or finding your self in an uncomfortable fight for a playoff spot in the second half of the season.
Sure, there have been injuries, as Ryan Kesler and David Booth, when healthy, have the ability to be more than adequate second line (or first line) players, however, almost every team has had or has players that have been out due to injury that could boast the same claim.
What has plagued the Canucks, and should be of great concern to them, as well as their fans, is the seeming lack of desperation and killer instinct for sixty full minutes game in and game out. This has been of concern ever since their galvanizing win against the Boston Bruins last season. Since then, the team seems to have peaked, and plays as if they are comfortable that their skill set and sheer talent will carry them to victories night in and night out, often with success, however, on those nights (and they are happening more frequently) when their opposition comes to work hard for a full sixty, the Canucks seem unable to ramp their compete level to match their opponent, leaving games that should be put out of reach until the final minutes, or left to the Overtime skills competition, which Vancouver has proved to be less than adequate in through the years.
Too many games see this team either flat the first twenty, only turning it on to make a game close at the end, or they come blazing out of the gates to a quick lead, and then quit playing at the same level, and let lesser teams bring the battle level to them. Last Thursday against Columbus, under manned themselves, found the Canucks clinging to the game for long stretches, letting a far inferior team control the pace and play. This, quite simply, is unacceptable for this franchise with the skill and players that they can put on the ice night in and night out.
Special teams have been anything but. I do not know how many times this season the Canucks could have put a game out of reach in the third period with a key power play goal or a big kill, but have been unable to do so. If it was just a 10-15 game stretch, one could understand, as all teams will go through peaks and valleys through a year, however, going back to last season, this is a 50-60 game sample size, and that has become a trend that has to end, and end quickly, if this team wants to be able to be considered a legitimate threat to make noise in the Western Conference this season.
Is it a 'Country Club' attitude that has taken over this team, who has forgotten how to work hard to achieve results? Is it a weak Division that hasn't made this team play with desperation through a year to achieve success that is needed through consistent hard work, which is what, is required to get through the grueling spring playoff run? Has the team tuned out the message that Alain Vigneault and Rick Bowness preach for this team to have success? Or is a shake up, and not a minor one, to the roster required to bust this team out of its current funk? The answer is probably a little bit of all of the above. It can be fixed. There is enough character and skill in the dressing room to carry this team to more consistent play. It's become common to say wait until April when the 'real' hockey starts, however, if this team doesn't play April hockey earlier this season, it will find themselves in the same spot they were five games into an all too short playoff run last season, wondering just exactly what went wrong.
The Chicago Blackhawks as of this posting have a sparkling record of 19-0-3. It's so good it's gaudy. They say you have to be good to be lucky, and yes the Blackhawks have been lucky in some of their games. But for the most part, they have dominated the opposition with offensive speed, good defensive play, and rock solid goaltending.
On February 19th, the Canucks were in Chicago looking to deny the Hawks their season-starting record, but it was not meant to be. In fact the Canucks played about 30 minutes of that game and were lucky to escape the United Center with 1 point after a shootout loss. For the majority of that game the Canucks were badly outplayed. It was embarrassing to watch as the Hawks speed generated numerous Grade-A scoring chances. Odd-man rushes, and Canucks defensemen getting walked around the outside, it looked like the Canucks were out for a family skate. For a Canucks squad that prides itself on team speed, they were given a lesson that night.
When I was much younger, Wayne Gretzky played for the Edmonton Oilers. Everyone knows that Gretzky is perhaps the greatest player to have ever played the game. He was revolutionary. Yes, it was a different era of small goalie pads and free-wheeling hockey, but there's no denying Gretzky's place in hockey history. He was the key to the Oilers dynasty of the 80s. That Oilers team was full of future Hall-of-Famers: Gretzky, Jari Kurri, Mark Messier, Paul Coffey, Grant Fuhr to name a few. Even their so-called role players were good: Ken Linseman, Esa Tikkanen, Glenn Anderson, Charlie Huddy, Kevin Lowe and so on.
In those Smythe Division days, teams played divisional rivals 8 times each season. That meant that the Oilers got to pound on the Canucks 8 times every year. Even with that many amazing players on their team, I could hardly stand to watch the Oilers when they were in town. Only later did I understand and appreciate how good those Oilers teams were. The records (both team and individual) speak for themselves. Some of those records I consider to be untouchable (eg: Gretzky's 215 points in a single season, and 92 goals in a single season).
This is one hell of a run that the Blackhawks are on. I found myself listening to WGN radio on a Canucks off night just to see if the Hawks would pull off another win (and they did). The Hawks run right now reminds me of Ken Jennings – the Jeopardy! champion who won 74 straight games. The guy was in a rhythm, and seemingly unbeatable. I don't watch a lot of Jeopardy! , but I watched Ken Jennings. His play transcended regular television watching.
It's the same with this season's Blackhawks team. Whether you like them or not (and most of you don't), they're making NHL history. You'll look back later in life and say you were around when the Hawks set that record. While they're on this run, don't forget to watch – you'll miss something incredible.


By law, all fire extinguishers must be inspected.
NFPA 10 requires that all ABC or BC dry chemical extinguishers must receive a 6 year maintenance check. This is a full discharge of the extinguisher, inspection of all components and recharged. 12 year hydrostatic testing is for dry chemical and clean agent extinguishers. After hydrostatic testing, the fire protection technician must attach a label to the fire extinguisher, recording the month, year, test pressure used and name of the fire protection service company.


It features having a long series for hanging it to ceiling, the combo of black and orange shaped the globe framework, and the triple Edison mild indoors. Beach front Florentine chandelier feature with the ocean green and sea blue crystals, triple lightbulb in italian-style. The frame is write the vanilla drops and glass beads. If we put it to use for the cabinet, you will get the memory of the previous nighttime!
Lots of men and women can come to consider lots of colors to the cabinet wall and cupboard. You are able to share or talk with different individuals who come in the practice of restoring their cabinet, or the one that has completed painting on the cabinet. Here are some color inspiration and a few tips for choosing the paint colour for your cabinet. You have to get your palette together with your favorite coloration. Ensure that you already have the idea in your mind. Below you'll discover color which we usually choose for the cabinet.
Soft taupe can become your concern for cabinet coloration. It gives warm and comfy disposition. Besides that, it's quite suitable when it regards the relaxing mood. It might be combined with additional contrast colors such as light green, blue, and pink. Soft taupe could be the suitable choice in case your aim is bringing the lavish shades in your own home cabinet.
Natural stone is very amazing, but unfortunately the purchase price is very pricey. Fortunately, you can secure the quite look of natural rock in concrete. To achieve the appearance of pure rock, it needs to be stained by acid solution.
The idea of cabinets. Opt for what kind of nuance that you would like to bring on your cabinet! Within this period of time, they have been so many kind of themed and cabinet these as classic, shore, antique, modern, and several much more.
cabinet door will stay a great alternative for restricted spaced cabinet. However, it can provide a critical cleanup issue. You will find numerous tricks to clean the corner vanity in the cabinet efficiently. Clean the dust . Before employing any cleaner, then you've got to clean the dust or any sterile dirt in the firsttime. It's possible for you to use a duster plus a dust pan to wash the dry filth. It can make you more easy to inspect just how cluttered the cabinet is.
This Large Storage Cabinet With Doors Large Storage Cabinet the gallery form Large Storage Cabinet With Doors. Hopefully you can find the best inspiration from our gallery here.


Here are 4 talking points ObamaCare advocates will attempt to promote — and 4 questions Americans should ask in response.
One of the supposed selling points of the new law will be "free" benefits, such as "free" birth control, well-woman visits, STD (sexually transmitted disease) prevention counseling, and a variety of preventive services.
One of the goals of ObamaCare is near-universal "coverage." But "coverage" is not the same as actual medical care. The American Medical Association predicts a "silent exodus" of physicians as ObamaCare is phased in, worsening the already existing physician shortage.
The New York Times notes the already growing disconnect between theoretical "coverage" and actual medical care in parts of California: "Patients still get care, but the process is often slow and difficult. In Riverside, it has left residents driving long distances to doctors, languishing on waiting lists, overusing emergency rooms and even forgoing care." These problems will worsen under ObamaCare.
If someone touts the enhanced "coverage" under ObamaCare, ask if that's the same as actual medical care.
The Obama Administration is claiming their law will create a new "Patient's Bill of Rights." These are basically new health care or insurance entitlements. For example, insurers must include "children" under age 26 under their parents' plans. Similarly, insurers may not charge older patients more than 3 times the rate of younger customers (even if the older, less healthy patients require many more medical resources). Under ObamaCare, healthy young people will be compelled to artificially subsidize the higher health costs of seniors.
Calling these new entitlements "rights" is a serious misunderstanding of the nature of rights. A right is a freedom of action (such as the right to free speech), not an automatic claim to a good or service that must be produced by another. Attempting to guarantee a supposed "right" to cheaper or free health insurance necessarily violates the actual rights of those forced to pay for it. This is just a form of state-sanctioned theft.
If someone touts the new patient "rights" under the law, ask whose rights are being violated in the process.
ObamaCare advocates (and many supposedly neutral news outlets) regularly characterize the new law as health care "reform." But the term "reform" presumes that the law is a step in the right direction — which is the very issue under dispute. By implication, ObamaCare opponents must be against progress.
This is an old tactic, long used by politicians by both parties. Names such as the "Save American Jobs Act" or the "Patriot Act" are deliberately chosen to undercut opposition. After all, who could possibly be opposed to saving American jobs (or to patriotism)?
If ObamaCare advocates use the term "health care reform," insist on a more neutral term like "health care law." Don't concede the moral high ground without a fight.
Bonus question: Ask why Congress wants to exempt itself from ObamaCare.
ObamaCare supporters in Congress are constantly touting how it will be good for America. Yet Congress is trying to exempt itself from its own ObamaCare rules.
Under the new law, many lawmakers and aides are finding they will be required to purchase insurance that would be "exorbitantly expensive." Congressional leaders of both political parties fear a resultant exodus of young talent. Thus they are trying to repeal the provision requiring them to follow their own laws.
If a politician tells you that ObamaCare will be good for America, ask them why Congress wants to opt out. And if Congress gets to opt out, ask why we can't do the same.
In the next few months, ObamaCare supporters will use every rhetorical trick in the book to sell their plan to a skeptical public. If you recognize their tactics and ask a few appropriate questions, you can help win this crucial battle for American hearts and minds.


text:
A diagnosis of exclusion or by exclusion (per exclusionem) is a diagnosis of a medical condition reached by a process of elimination, which may be necessary if presence cannot be established with complete confidence from history, examination or testing. Such elimination of other reasonable possibilities is a major component in performing a differential diagnosis.

Diagnosis by exclusion tends to occur where scientific knowledge is scarce, specifically where the means to verify a diagnosis by an objective method is absent. As a specific diagnosis cannot be confirmed, a fall back position is to exclude that group of known causes that may cause a similar clinical presentation.

The largest category of diagnosis by exclusion is seen among psychiatric disorders where the presence of physical or organic disease must be excluded as a prerequisite for making a functional diagnosis.

Examples
An example of such a diagnosis is "fever of unknown origin": to explain the cause of elevated temperature the most common causes of unexplained fever (infection, neoplasm, or collagen vascular disease) must be ruled out.

Other examples include:
 Adult-onset Still's disease
 Behçet's disease
 Bell's palsy
 Burning mouth syndrome
 Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis
 Long COVID
 Psychogenic polydipsia
 Schizophrenia
 Somatic symptom disorder
 Sudden infant death syndrome
 Tolosa–Hunt syndrome

See also
 Idiopathic

References

Medical terminology

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


He hasn't forgotten where he belongs.
The year was 2011. The names Zayn Malik, Harry Styles, Liam Payne, Louis Tomlinson, and Niall Horan were likely unknown to most of the world, but that was all about to change. Up All Night, One Direction's very first album, debuted 5 whole years ago today, and needless to say, it's been a pretty wild ride since. Though the boys have since gone their separate ways, and their individual careers in acting and music are taking off, it's a pretty emotional day for the 1D fandom.
"#5YearsOfUpAllNight Our first album together will always be a special moment that I will remember forever!" Liam tweeted, proving that though he may be collaborating with other names right now, he'll never forget his first musical family. Fans are also using that hashtag to express the bittersweet day: one person tweeted a poll asking whether or not anybody thought they'd be broken up by now; another quoted the lyrics "and the tears stream down my face" with a throwback gif of the boys way back in the day.
Though the other members have been mum so far, it's still early in the day (and though we're certain they wouldn't forget such a momentous occasion, they are pretty busy guys!) Either way, what we know for sure is that there's no more perfect excuse to blast our fave throwback playlists on Spotify.


A Simple Slice of Science – How can I make two of me?
How can I make two of me?
I think if Abigail is asking these questions at the age of six then she will really go far, don't you agree?
Here is what Dr. Simple has to say on the matter… and don't adjust your screens if you think you are seeing double!
So there you have it! Hopefully a simple answer to a really wonderful question. It certainly opens up the discussion of whether we should be cloning or not. As a geneticist myself I wouldn't be encouraging it, but I do have a much simpler answer… I reckon if Abigail could just build herself a Transmogrifier then she will really have nailed the whole cloning thing. She could turn herself into another Abigail and the job would be done!
If you do make one Abigail, can I borrow it?
I love these posts :). Keep them coming!
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text:
LETTERS for April 26 issue
Enforce traffic laws
Did you know that there is a state law about "reconstruction?" What does this mean? It means altering the stock make-up of a bike (scooter, motorcycle) is against the law.
Did you know the operator of a 50cc scooter is not required to have a driver's license – or insurance – but they CAN run on the highway? They can reconstruct the exhaust by pulling out the core to make it go faster… and LOUDER! They can rip up and down the streets and highways annoying people and waking them up at all hours. I watched a punk on a scooter running up and down Front Street recently – standing on the seat with NO hands. Two cars ran up on the curb to avoid him.
Did you know that if they cause an accident, too bad for YOU! Laws without enforcement; same old story. Everyone passes the buck – "There is nothing we can do; call so and so." I have called every so and so on the island, and I'm back to square one.
Did you know use of compression brakes is also illegal?
Last night I had to endure a Rojac truck – jake brakes roaring, downshifting faster than a rabbit in mating season, rattling homes near and far. Not needed if they really had a clue how to drive a truck. Highway 30 is not an old logging road, if they were not speeding in the first place. Come on, guys!
Did you know that if some of us called Elle or Roz or Angus or Alan and complained, they just MIGHT require Lahaina Police to bust a move. Let's get some fines set and some enforcement NOW. We have a new captain and we have new officers. We were hoping for better, but it looks like the same old, same old.
BUD FOWLER, Lahaina
Move the Luakini bus terminal
(The following letter was sent to the County Council and Mayor Alan Arakawa.)
I own the property at 622 Luakini St., Lahaina. I live there.
There has been a buildup of buses using the Luakini side of the Wharf shopping center as a terminal through the years. We now have a full-scale bus terminal on Luakini Street.
We have complained about how conditions have become on Luakini. You are aware of all that.
After hearing us, you had a transportation person assigned to help the residents with the problem of the unlivable conditions.
After many meetings and studies, the homeowners have been rewarded with a direct insult. You, the council, altered the bus terminal for the benefit of the Wharf and bus passengers.
Your transportation person, Jo Anne Johnson-Winer, defended the action by saying that to move the terminal would cost millions. She appears to have an agenda that includes keeping the terminal at the Wharf.
Johnson-Winer says that the terminal is at the Wharf temporarily, until the county gets millions of dollars to move it. We say the terminal should be moved temporarily to another location until we get the millions.
It is not up to us to choose a location from the many that have been suggested. The council has sidestepped the problem by putting it off.
Soon you'll be telling us how much you love us and want to do things for us so you will be reelected.
Make a decision. Move the bus terminal from Luakini Street. No more excuses. Get it done.
What Europe and the U.S. have in common
Europe and the U.S.A. have many things in common, one of which noted currently is the massive debt crisis both are experiencing because of politicians who fail to learn from history.
George Santayana noted that those who fail to learn from the mistakes of the past are doomed to repeat them. In both Europe and the United States, power-hungry politicians have been trying to buy votes with money we don't have, taxing not only this generation but every generation in the future, guaranteeing a lower standard of living for our children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
These shortsighted politicos, thinking only of the present, seem to think they can go on forever, steadily increasing the public debt by just printing more and more money without an equal increase in goods and services, hoping to find someone to buy our consequently less and less valuable bonds.
As history has repeatedly shown us, this does not work. Every society that has tried this has collapsed.
A prime example is the Soviet Union. If socialism was a better system, we would all be speaking Russian. Previously democratic civilizations and nations that have tried this have collapsed into dictatorship. Some noteworthy examples are the Greeks, the Romans and the post-World War I Weimar Republic of Germany – the latter printing so much money that its currency became virtually worthless, bankrupting the country and resulting in the establishment of Hitler's Nazi (National Socialist) party dictatorship that brought on the horrors of World War II.
It is time to rid ourselves of such history-ignoring, out-of-touch-with-reality, power-mad politicians. Oust them from power and never let them in office again.
HAROLD BOB JONES, Via E-mail
At long last, a historic settlement
On April 11, 2012, in an emotional ceremony at Washington Place, Gov. Neil Abercrombie signed the historic $200 million settlement between the State of Hawaii and the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA). After many years of negotiations, OHA has finally resolved all claims that were raised with the state relating to its portion of income from the public land trust from Nov. 7, 1978 to June 30, 2012. The state has now fulfilled its constitutional obligations to Native Hawaiians by providing OHA with fee simple title to lands in Kakaako Makai. The proposal will not affect any other claims against the state.
I would like to give my heartfelt thanks to those who made this momentous settlement possible: Abercrombie, Senate President Shan Tsutsui, House Speaker Calvin Say, the chairs of the House and Senate committees that heard the bill, the Native Hawaiian Caucus and all of the legislators who voted for this historic settlement. I also thank the following Native Hawaiian organizations for their support: The Department of Hawaiian Home Lands, Hawaiian Civic Clubs, the Sovereign Councils of the Hawaiian Home Lands Assembly, Council for Native Hawaiian Advancement and Kamehameha Schools.
The lands that were transferred to OHA will someday generate the revenue needed to support OHA's many Native Hawaiian programs. This process may take some time, but we are well on our way to someday being completely self-sufficient.
The intent of Senate Bill 682 is to add value to two parcels of land that are among the lands in Kakaako Makai that SB2783 conveys to OHA. SB682 specifically proposes to allow certain lots in the makai area of Kakaako Community Development District to be developed for residential units exempt from public facilities fees, provided that 20 percent of the units are designated for residents in the low- or moderate-income range.
OHA appreciates the bill's intent and didn't object to its passage, as long as it didn't hurt the passage of SB2783. The right to develop residential structures on these two lots would add significant value and provide much-needed revenue for our nation.
It should also be noted that OHA remains committed to the guiding principles of the Conceptual Master Plan and will address these principles in any application for development permits for the two lots. OHA will also be able to request entitlements for the SB2783 properties in subsequent legislative sessions once OHA becomes the landowner.
On April 5, 2012, the Honolulu Star-Advertiser reported that SB682 was likely dead in the House. However, the Senate's Ways and Means and Judiciary and Labor committees added similar language into a related bill that had already passed the House, HB2819, so if this House bill is approved by the full Senate, the language for SB682 could still be heard in conference committee before the end of session on May 3.
Sen. Clayton Hee, chairman of the Judiciary and Labor Committee, was quoted as saying, "It's an important bill in terms of economic development, in terms of some of the members who felt – and continue to feel – that the settlement doesn't meet the amount that should have been settled on."
ROWENA M.N. AKANA, Trustee-at-Large, Office of Hawaiian Affairs


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;  // List<>
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;  // StructLayout, MarshalAs, DllImport
using System.Windows.Forms;  // ListView, ColumnHeader

namespace au.util.comctl {
  /// <summary>
  /// Provides utility functions for working with ListView controls
  /// </summary>
  public static class ListViewUtil {
    #region External Data Structures
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct HDITEM {
      public int mask;
      public int cxy;
      [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
      public string pszText;
      public IntPtr hbm;
      public int cchTextMax;
      public int fmt;
      public int lParam;
      public int iImage;
      public int iOrder;
    }

    [StructLayoutAttribute(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private struct LV_COLUMN {
      public uint mask;
      public int fmt;
      public int cx;
      public string pszText;
      public int cchTextMax;
      public int iSubItem;
      public int iImage;
      public int iOrder;
    }
    #endregion  // External Data Structures

    #region External Constants
    private const int LVM_GETHEADER = 0x101f;
    private const int LVM_GETCOLUMN = 0x105f;
    private const int HDI_FORMAT = 4;
    private const int HDF_LEFT = 0;
    private const int HDF_RIGHT = 1;
    private const int HDF_CENTER = 2;
    private const int HDF_SORTDOWN = 0x200;
    private const int HDF_SORTUP = 0x400;
    private const int HDF_BITMAP_ON_RIGHT = 0x1000;
    private const int HDF_STRING = 0x4000;
    private const int HDM_SETITEM = 0x120c;
    private const int LVCF_ORDER = 0x20;
    #endregion  // External Constants

    #region DetailSort
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumnIndex">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, SortType sort, bool reverse, int indicatorColumnIndex) {
      if(list.View != View.Details)
        throw new ArgumentException(Properties.Resources.DetailsViewRequiredMessage, "list");
      ListViewItemSorter sorter = list.ListViewItemSorter as ListViewItemSorter;
      if(sorter == null) {
        sorter = new ListViewItemSorter(sortColumnIndex, sort, reverse, indicatorColumnIndex);
        list.ListViewItemSorter = sorter;
      } else {
        if(sorter.IndicatorColumn != indicatorColumnIndex)
          HideSortIndicator(list, sorter.IndicatorColumn);
        sorter.SortBy(sortColumnIndex, sort, reverse, indicatorColumnIndex);
      }
      ShowSortIndicator(list, indicatorColumnIndex, reverse);
      list.Sort();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumnIndex">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, SortType sort, int indicatorColumnIndex) {
      if(list.View != View.Details)
        throw new ArgumentException(Properties.Resources.DetailsViewRequiredMessage, "list");
      ListViewItemSorter sorter = list.ListViewItemSorter as ListViewItemSorter;
      if(sorter == null) {
        sorter = new ListViewItemSorter(sortColumnIndex, sort, indicatorColumnIndex);
        list.ListViewItemSorter = sorter;
      } else {
        if(sorter.IndicatorColumn != indicatorColumnIndex)
          HideSortIndicator(list, sorter.IndicatorColumn);
        if(sorter.SortColumn == sortColumnIndex)
          sorter.SortBy(sortColumnIndex, sort, !sorter.ReverseOrder, indicatorColumnIndex);
        else
          sorter.SortBy(sortColumnIndex, sort, indicatorColumnIndex);
      }
      ShowSortIndicator(list, indicatorColumnIndex, sorter.ReverseOrder);
      list.Sort();
    }

    #region Other DetailSort signatures
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumn">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, SortType sort, bool reverse, ColumnHeader indicatorColumn) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, sort, reverse, indicatorColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, SortType sort, bool reverse) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, sort, reverse, sortColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, SortType sort, bool reverse) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, sort, reverse, sortColumnIndex); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumn">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, bool reverse, ColumnHeader indicatorColumn) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, SortType.String, reverse, indicatorColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumnIndex">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, bool reverse, int indicatorColumnIndex) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, SortType.String, reverse, indicatorColumnIndex); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, bool reverse) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, SortType.String, reverse, sortColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if list should be sorted in reverse order.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, bool reverse) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, SortType.String, reverse, sortColumnIndex); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumn">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, SortType sort, ColumnHeader indicatorColumn) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, sort, indicatorColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, SortType sort) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, sort, sortColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="sort">How to sort the data in the column.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, SortType sort) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, sort, sortColumnIndex); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumn">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn, ColumnHeader indicatorColumn) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, SortType.String, indicatorColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    /// <param name="indicatorColumnIndex">Column to show sort indicator on.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex, int indicatorColumnIndex) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, SortType.String, indicatorColumnIndex); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumn">Column to sort by.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, ColumnHeader sortColumn) { DetailSort(list, sortColumn.Index, SortType.String, sortColumn.Index); }
    /// <summary>
    /// Sorts the items in a ListView in detail view by one of the columns or reverses current column sort, remembering previous sorting.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView being sorted.</param>
    /// <param name="sortColumnIndex">Column to sort by.</param>
    public static void DetailSort(this ListView list, int sortColumnIndex) { DetailSort(list, sortColumnIndex, SortType.String, sortColumnIndex); }
    #endregion Other DetailSort signatures

    /// <summary>
    /// Shows a sort indicator (generally a triangle pointing up or down) on the column header
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView that needs a sort indicator on a column header</param>
    /// <param name="columnIndex">Column to show sort indicator on</param>
    /// <param name="reverse">True if a reverse sort indicator should be shown</param>
    private static void ShowSortIndicator(ListView list, int columnIndex, bool reverse) {
      HDITEM hd = new HDITEM();
      hd.mask = HDI_FORMAT;
      hd.fmt = HDF_STRING | HDF_BITMAP_ON_RIGHT;
      try {
        switch(list.Columns[columnIndex].TextAlign) {
          case HorizontalAlignment.Right:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_RIGHT;
            break;
          case HorizontalAlignment.Center:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_CENTER;
            break;
          case HorizontalAlignment.Left:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_LEFT;
            break;
        }
      } catch { }
      if(reverse)
        hd.fmt |= HDF_SORTDOWN;
      else
        hd.fmt |= HDF_SORTUP;
      IntPtr header = SendMessage(list.Handle, LVM_GETHEADER, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
      SendMessage(header, HDM_SETITEM, new IntPtr(columnIndex), ref hd);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Hides the sort indicator which might be showing on a column header
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">ListView that needs a sort indicator removed</param>
    /// <param name="columnIndex">Column that might be showing a sort indicator</param>
    private static void HideSortIndicator(ListView list, int columnIndex) {
      HDITEM hd = new HDITEM();
      hd.mask = HDI_FORMAT;
      hd.fmt = HDF_STRING;
      try {
        switch(list.Columns[columnIndex].TextAlign) {
          case HorizontalAlignment.Right:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_RIGHT;
            break;
          case HorizontalAlignment.Center:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_CENTER;
            break;
          case HorizontalAlignment.Left:
            hd.fmt |= HDF_LEFT;
            break;
        }
      } catch { }
      IntPtr header = SendMessage(list.Handle, LVM_GETHEADER, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
      SendMessage(header, HDM_SETITEM, new IntPtr(columnIndex), ref hd);
    }
    #endregion  // DetailSort

    #region GetOrderedColumns
    /// <summary>
    /// Gets an array of ColumnHeaders from a ListView in the order in which they are actually displayed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="list">The ListView to get the ordered columns from.</param>
    /// <returns>ColumnHeaders in the ListView, in display order.</returns>
    public static ColumnHeader[] GetOrderedColumns(this ListView list) {
      List<OrderedColumn> cols = new List<OrderedColumn>();
      foreach(ColumnHeader col in list.Columns) {
        LV_COLUMN pcol = new LV_COLUMN();
        pcol.mask = LVCF_ORDER;
        SendMessage(list.Handle, LVM_GETCOLUMN, new IntPtr(col.Index), ref pcol);
        cols.Add(new OrderedColumn(col, pcol.iOrder));
      }
      cols.Sort();
      ColumnHeader[] ret = new ColumnHeader[cols.Count];
      for(int i = 0; i < cols.Count; i++)
        ret[i] = cols[i].Column;
      return ret;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Simple class associating a sort order number with a ColumnHeader.
    /// </summary>
    private class OrderedColumn : IComparable {
      private ColumnHeader _col;
      private int _order;

      /// <summary>
      /// Create a new OrderedColumn.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="col">Column to include in the OrderedColumn.</param>
      /// <param name="order">Order position of the ColumnHeader.</param>
      public OrderedColumn(ColumnHeader col, int order) {
        _col = col;
        _order = order;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Gets the ColumnHeader contained in the OrderedColumn.
      /// </summary>
      public ColumnHeader Column {
        get { return _col; }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Compares the OrderedColumn to another OrderedColumn.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="obj">The OrderedColumn to compare this one to.</param>
      /// <returns>Less than 0 if this comes before obj, greater than 0 if after, or 0 if same.</returns>
      public int CompareTo(object obj) {
        if(obj is OrderedColumn)
          return CompareTo(obj as OrderedColumn);
        throw new ArgumentException("Unable to compare a OrderedColumn to an object of type " + obj.GetType(), "obj");
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Compares the OrderedColumn to another OrderedColumn.
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="oc">The OrderedColumn to compare this one to.</param>
      /// <returns>Less than 0 if this comes before obj, greater than 0 if after, or 0 if same.</returns>
      public int CompareTo(OrderedColumn oc) {
        return _order - oc._order;
      }
    }
    #endregion GetOrderedColumns

    #region User32 Functions
    [DllImport("user32")]
    private static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr Handle, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);

    [DllImport("user32")]
    private static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr Handle, int msg, IntPtr wParam, ref HDITEM lParam);

    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr Handle, int msg, IntPtr wParam, ref LV_COLUMN lParam);
    #endregion  // User32 Functions
  }
}