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Home > Uncategorized	> MARKET NOTES: The process of the top formation can be boring, and disconcerting
MARKET NOTES: The process of the top formation can be boring, and disconcerting
March 17, 2012 SonaliRanade	Leave a comment Go to comments
MARKET NOTES: The process of the top formation can be boring, and disconcerting.
In so far as the World equity markets were concerned, the past week saw most of them make new highs. Market turning points are always disconcerting for those trying to call tops and bottoms – usually a fool's errand. Nevertheless, one has to make sense out of the markets while respecting their verdict. Markets by their nature test conviction. If they didn't, trading would be child's play. With that in mind let us see what the markets are trying to tell us. This time we look at the US and major EU markets because the onset of an intermediate correction in Indian markets is more or less confirmed.
CAC: THE French market looks to be the most bullish in the near term because [a] it has long under-performed its peers in the EU and [b] it never made it anywhere near to a new high in the madness that gripped other markets in the second half of 2007. Instead CAC has had an orderly correction from the high of 6950 in January 2000 to a low 2700 in November 2012. The correction, or bear market in French stocks, has spanned 12 years. My preferred wave count for CAC says the French market began the 1st leg of an impulse wave up from a low of 2485 in September 2009 and completed the leg up at 4160 in February of 2011. The fall from there to 2700 was corrective in nature and that was completed in by end of September 2011. CAC hasn't finished it correction though. A wave II correction usually has rounded tops and two legs to the fall, the first of which is usually very sharp and the second a dilating top stretched out over time. CAC is in the second leg. Therefore, the prognosis must be that CAC could continue its rise with the next target at 3800. Can it go beyond 4160? That is possible but unlikely. Near term then CAC is bullish, in a new bull market, but it is in a wave II correction mode.
DAX: Unlike its French cousins, DAX did equal the highs of 2000 in 2007 along with the rest of the world markets. So its wave structure is more in tune with US markets than the French. Nevertheless, it is instructive to analyze it like the CAC to see what shows up. And the answer is the same as that for CAC. Namely, the correction in the German markets can be said to have begun from a top of 8130 in March of 2000 and completed its course in March of 2009. Incidentally, while not a conventional position, that view can be justified even in the case of S&P500. If that be true, the run up from March 2009 to 7600 in May 2011 was the first leg up of a new bull markets and the run down from there the first sharp leg of a Wave II correction that will stretch out in time. It could even make a new high like its American cousins. But the Wave structure leaves little doubt that [a] DAX is in a new bull market, [b] has completed the first leg up and [c] is now into an extended wave II correction that can make a new high but not for any significant length of time or very significantly higher than 7600. DAX, have broken through 7050 has a target of 7400 next. Hard to say when it will top out in terms of time or price.
FTSE: Not surprisingly, the FTSE is even closer to its Atlantic cousins than the DAX or the CAC but still manages to retain its European character. The analysis, using CAC as template is straightforward. FTSE completed its major, multiyear correction from 6960 in 2000 in March 2009. The run up from March 2009 to July 2011 is the first leg up and from there on we go into a Wave II correction that will stretch out over a fairly long period of time though a new high beyond 6100 is not ruled out. If the new high does happen, it is unlike to be significantly higher or hold for very long. The next target for FTSE is 6100.
S&P 500: Having discussed the CAC structure for the 3 indices, the case for S&P 500 should be straightforward but isn't. S&P500 incorporates the NASDAQ that has followed an independent path since the 2000 tech bubble. It has completed its correction and has broken out after 11 years. That makes S&P500 a lot more bullish in its first leg run up that it would be in the absence of the tech stocks. Nevertheless, the run up in the S&P 500 from 668 in March 2009 to 1354 in May 2011 can be seen as the first wave of a new bull market. That puts S&P 500 in a wave II correction the first leg of which took it down to 1074. The new high since then would still fall into the pattern of a wave II correction though not in the conventional sense. But, as in the case of European markets, a high beyond the 1354-point on S&P 500 is unlikely to be sustained for long. Having broken through, it become hard to predict just when the market will turn down. Prudence however demands that one stay on the sidelines and wait to sell short till the market itself signals a convincing turn in trend. As I have stressed repeatedly while indicating a top, early bears are easy meat at market tops. So exercise caution even as one recognizes one is near a top.
Gold: Gold needs to fall below $1600 before it can show any significant bounce up. Unless Gold dips significantly below 1600 level and stays there for a while, the prospects for a bounce back in the price before July this year are rather dim.
Sensex: There is still a slim possibility that Sensex could lunge for 18,500 before the end of March in line with World markets. If it does so, the high may not last very long. Every other thing points to a fairly longish leg of correction down from 18,500 to 15,000 till the end of this year. That will tie in nicely with world markets if my prognosis holds out.
Will look at Commodities and Currencies in a separate blog post during the week.
NB: These notes are just personal musings on the world market trends as a sort of reminder to me on what I thought of them at a particular point in time. They are not predictions and none should rely on them for any investment decisions.
UPA2: Dressing up to go nowhere MARKET NOTES: What do the Europeans say about equity markets?


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Potential Financial Assistance for Small and Mid-Sized Businesses
By Shelly Masters & Wes Hunnell
Two avenues for financial assistance under the March 27, 2020 CARES Act include: the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) administered by the Small Business Administration (SBA) and the Federal Reserve's Main Street Loan Facilities Program. Locally, the State of Texas is partnering with Goldman Sachs and LiftFund to provide $50 million in loans through the PPP to small businesses affected by COVID-19. Additional federal assistance remains available for small businesses under the existing Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL). As of April 16th, the SBA is withholding accepting loan applications until further funding is appropriated from Congress.
Relief for a small business with 500 employees or less
The PPP provides financial support to small businesses equal to 2.5 times the borrower's average monthly payroll costs up to $10 million. The loan can be forgiven if the funds are used for payroll costs, interests on mortgages, rent, and utilities so long as 75% of the forgiven amount was used for payroll. No collateral or personal guarantees are required. The loans are issued by eligible lenders such as U.S. insured depository institutions, U.S. bank holding companies, and U.S. savings and loan holding companies. Loan applications can be submitted through an approved lender or through the partnership with LiftFund at https://www.liftfund.com/covid-19-loan/.
PPP Eligibility
To qualify, a small business must have 500 employees or less. The employee number includes any affiliates under the SBA's affiliate rules. The SBA waives affiliation requirements for hotels, food service industry, and other franchises, but limits those businesses to 500 employees per physical location. Additionally, the business must have been operational on February 15, 2020 and had employees it needed to pay. An eligible business also includes a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization (including faith-based organizations), 501(c)(19) veterans' organization, sole proprietors, independent contractors, or self-employed persons. The business must be created or organized in the United States with significant operations in the United States and the majority of its employees in the United States.
Additional PPP Requirements
The PPP applies to loans extended between February 15, 2020 to June 30, 2020.
Proceeds must be used for payroll support. This includes employee salaries, sick leave, insurance premiums, mortgage, rent, and utility payments.
Loans are subject to maximum interest rate of 1% and subject to deferment of 6 months.
Loan size is capped at $10 million or 2.5 times the average monthly 2019 payroll costs.
Borrower must complete a detailed certification to the lender.
Individual employee compensation is capped at $100,000.
Additional PPP Considerations
Affiliation rules apply to counting employees for determining eligibility.
SBA waived the requirement to be "unable to obtain credit elsewhere."
Each borrower is limited to one PPP loan. It is still possible to take out a loan from the Main Street Facilities program.
The program is "first-come, first-serve."
As of 15 April, the average payment speed has been 5 days.[1]
Economic Injury Disaster Loan
A traditional Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) remains available to small businesses. An EIDL offers up to $2 million in assistance at a 3.75% interest rate for small businesses and 2.75% interest rate for non-profits. Terms are determined on a case-by-case basis, but long-term repayments up to 30 years are possible. Due to the COVID-19 crisis, the SBA is providing up to $10,000 forgivable advances to the EIDL as emergency relief—the forgivable advance is essentially a grant that does not have to be repaid. As of 15 April, the average payment speed has been 23 days.[2]
Relief for mid-sized businesses with less than 10,000 employees or $2.5 billion in annual revenue
Two Main Street Loan Facilities programs are available: one for new loans (MSNLF) and one to expand existing loans (MSELF). To qualify, a business must have no more than 10,000 employees or less than $2.5 billion annual revenue in 2019. The minimum loan size is $1 million. The borrower must be a business that is created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States with significant operations in and a majority of its employees based in the United States.
The program runs through September 30, 2020.
Loans will have a 4-year maturity with principal and interest differed for 1 year.
The maximum new loan amount is the lesser of $25 million or an amount when added to the borrower's outstanding and committed but undrawn debt, does not exceed four times the borrower's 2019 earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBIDTA).
The maximum expansion of an existing loan is the lesser of $150 million, 30% of borrower's existing outstanding and committed but undrawn bank debt or an amount that when added to borrower's existing outstanding and committed but undrawn debt, does not exceed six times the borrower's earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (EBIDTA).
There is no prepayment penalty.
Adjustable rate of the secured overnight financing rate (SOFR) plus 250-400 basis points.
Additional Considerations
The MSELF and MSNLF can be used in conjunction with a PPP loan.
Restrictions are placed on buybacks, dividends, and compensation.
Borrower must commit to refrain from repaying other debt of equal or lower priority, with the exception of mandatory principal payments, unless the Eligible Borrower has first repaid the Eligible Loan in full.
Borrower must make several attestations including:
it requires financing due to the exigent circumstances presented by the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") pandemic, and that, using the proceeds of the Eligible Loan, it will make reasonable efforts to maintain its payroll and retain its employees during the term of the eligible loan,
it meets the EBIDTA leverage conditions, and
it is eligible to participate in the Facility, including in light of the conflicts of interest prohibited by the CARES Act.
A look into the future of COVID-19
A vaccine or treatment for COVID-19 is one of the critical steps to a return to normalcy. As of April 9th, the Milken institute is tracking 79 different initiatives to develop a vaccine and 116 potential treatment studies underway.[3] The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) is tracking 115 COVID-19 vaccines in development.[4] CEPI notes that nearly half of vaccine development is occurring in North America. With the race for a solution, many of the vaccines and treatments are already in clinical trials or are being used in hospitals for compassionate use. The first human trial vaccine began March 16th, while others are beginning soon.[5] However, according to recent news articles, most experts believe it will be at least 10-12 months before a vaccine is ready.
While the stock market has been volatile over the last couple of months, Goldman Sachs analysts suggest the market has passed through its low point and is on the road to recovery.
Governor Abbott is expected make an announcement today about the plan to gradually reopen the Texas economy. This will be a welcome relief for many businesses struggling with the COVID-19 fallout. As of the latest PPP report from the SBA, Texas businesses have the most approvals of any state and the construction industry accounts for the largest industry sector qualifying for approval.[6]
On April 13th, Governor Abbott announced the State of Texas is partnering with Goldman Sachs and LiftFund to provide $50 million in small business loans through the PPP.
LiftFund is a non-profit organization based in Texas to help small business owners with limited access to capital. To apply for a PPP loan through LiftFund, please visit https://www.liftfund.com.
Goldman Sachs is offering opportunities and access to capital in Texas through their small businesses program. The program provides access to capital, but also business education resources for owners and business support services. Business owners receive educational resources through partner institutions and one-on-one business advising. To apply for the Goldman Sachs program, visit https://10ksbapply.com.
Shelly D. Masters
[1] https://www.covidloantracker.com/
[3] https://milkeninstitute.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/Covid19%20Tracker%20NEW4-9-20-2.pdf
[4] https://cepi.net/news_cepi/cepi-publishes-analysis-of-covid-19-vaccine-development-landscape/
[5] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/15/coronavirus-vaccine-when-will-we-have-one-covid-19
[6] https://content.sba.gov/sites/default/files/2020-04/PPP%20Report%20SBA%204.14.20%20%20-%20%20Read-Only.pdf

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A worker cleans the glass exterior next to the logo of RBS (Royal Bank of Scotland) bank at a building in Gurugram on the outskirts of New Delhi, India, September 8, 2017.
LONDON, Sept 15 (Reuters) - Britain's markets watchdog has rejected calls to publish a report into allegations Royal Bank of Scotland bankrupted small companies to pick up their assets on the cheap, saying it would instead release a detailed summary soon.
The Financial Conduct Authority's (FCA) refusal to publish the report sets it up for a public clash with parliament's Treasury Select Committee (TSC) next month, which had wanted the report published because it has already been leaked to the BBC.
The FCA commissioned consultants Promontory in January 2014 to look into allegations that RBS's Global Restructuring Group (GRG) pushed some of its small business customers into bankruptcy in the aftermath of the financial crisis that began a decade ago.
FCA Chief Executive Andrew Bailey said in a letter made public by the TSC on Friday that it was not in the public interest to publish in full because such "Section 166" reports were conducted on the basis they would be kept private.
Bailey said the FCA would publish a detailed summary and in a form that won't need "Maxwellisation", a legal requirement to give RBS and Promontory a chance to respond, a process that has taken years with some official reports in the past.
The detailed summary is largely ready for publication once the FCA has decided whether it should formally investigate RBS or individuals, Bailey said.
"I believe that we are near to reaching a conclusion on whether a formal investigation is called for, having undertaken work to build on the S166 report, Bailey said.
The FCA published a "high-level" summary last year, and permission from RBS and Promontory would be needed before publishing the detailed summary.
TSC Chair Nicky Morgan said on Friday in response to Bailey's letter that the leak of a report the watchdog has had for almost a year has fuelled confusion over what really happened to GRG customers.
The committee recognised that such reports were normally not intended for publication, but given it was now in the hands of several third parties, publication was overwhelmingly in the public interest, she said.
"Following my letter to Mr Bailey earlier this month, Committee colleagues and I have been overwhelmed by messages from those who consider that their businesses and livelihoods were destroyed by RBS' GRG. Those affected have a right to know what really happened," Morgan added.
"The Committee is due to see the FCA next month, and I have no doubt that these issues will be raised."
The all-party parliamentary group on fair business banking and finance said it was "outrageous" the FCA has refused to publish the report, saying it "smacks of a cover up" and called on the watchdog to reconsider its position.
The group's vice chair Norman Lamb said he would ask Britain's finance minister Philip Hammond to intervene.
State-backed RBS, which had no comment, has admitted some wrongdoing over its handling of small businesses but has said there was no evidence it pushed companies into bankruptcy. Promontory had no immediate comment.
The FCA is investigating the leak of the report and has told RBS and Promontory to do likewise.


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Crowded and mature, that's today's market for smartphones and mobile devices. Apple and Samsung are assured leaders but others such as Sony and Microsoft have equally good brand recognition and strong offerings. Giving consumers and businesses the choice between handsets and operating systems leads to healthy competition and continual development of features and functionality.
The issues that many organizations face is that they need their workforces to be mobile to take advantage of new technologies and ways of working. No longer just the source for email, contacts, and calendars, employees are choosing to use apps, collaboration tools and data to be more productive and add value to the business.
Indeed, "The explosion of mobile apps in the enterprise reflects a change in focus from mobility as a communication and productivity enabler to a force for business transformation," says Gartner[i].
But therein lies the problem, left unmanaged, this ever-increasing use of mobile technology and apps brings with it a number of financial and operational risks. Vendors are now expecting that users pay accordingly for use of these apps, especially in a work environment. To begin with, many apps were free or at least cheap to encourage their adoption.
Now app vendors are licensing apps much in the same way desktop software is licensed. This raises the risk that employees can unwittingly commit the organization to millions in unplanned software license and data costs or create new flaws in established security and compliance processes if the right controls are not in place.
As a result, many organizations are adopting Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM) solutions to gain full control over how phones and tablets are used to meet business needs whether in bring-your-own-device (BYOD) or corporate-owned-personally-enabled (COPE) scenarios.
In parallel device manufacturers have extended APIs to the EMM solution providers so that the mobile devices can be managed through these EMM solutions. Apple and Samsung have been pioneers in opening their APIs towards EMM-vendors making them able to provide secure services for their enterprise customers (interesting that it was Samsung as a device manufacturer rather than Google as the OS provider with Android).
With the recent release of APIs 8 and 9, Sony, is now on a par with Samsung. These APIs enable EMM vendors to provide the same device management controls as they do for other tablets and phones.
Samsung controls the largest market share of smartphone shipments – in Q22106 it reached 22% of the global smartphone market, with the Galaxy Note 7 becoming the most used device[ii]. In recent months though, the Korean chaebol has taken a bruising with the failure to stop its Galaxy Note 7 devices from overheating and has now withdrawn it from the market.
This problem may also have an impact on the development cycle of the Galaxy Note 8, indeed it may come to taint the Galaxy Note brand so much that it is ditched altogether by the conglomerate. Of course, this leaves the door wide open for others to capitalize on Samsung's misfortunes as organizations who prefer Android over Apple look to provide their users with alternative devices.
IDC reports that 87.6% of mobile devices in 2016 run Android rather than Windows or iOS. Taking the example of Sony, for those businesses that want to deploy an EMM solution, they now can choose from a wider range of devices that support Android. Even if Samsung were not to be impacted with organizations replacing devices with a different brand, the availability of EMM functionality across another manufacturer's range of mobile devices gives organizations the opportunity to negotiate for better deals between providers.
In addition, organizations need as wide a range of devices covered by EMM so that users may continue to use their device of choice, indeed where you run Apple, Sony, Samsung or Microsoft devices, you need the same level of cost control and security on all devices. Snow Device Manager's latest release - from yesterday – supports Sony Xperia devices (C4, C5, Z2, Z" Tablet, Z3, Z4, Z5, M4, M5 and X-series) and includes vital EMM functionality such as kiosk mode (setting up a device with one app only mode), roaming, data thresholds and limits, disabling tethering, NFC, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, mobile data or the installation of non-market apps.
Other limits such as enabling or disabling clipboard, locking wallpaper ensure the organization is in full control to mitigate most financial and operational risks.
Furthermore, this release introduces support for Windows 10 devices such as tablets (Surface) and desktops. The new functionality for provisioning Windows 10 devices with e-mail settings, Wi-Fi settings and apps makes it possible to manage laptops as you would mobile devices– I'll stress the importance of all this in a future blog.
In the meantime, if you want to offer a broad device range for your users, yet ensure you have the necessary controls and management why not download The Ten Top Things you should know about Snow Device Manager and see how Snow's solution gives equal focus to the user experience as well as mobile device control.


text: Q: Modifying Quine-McCluskey Algorithm for Different Cost Function The standard cost function for Quine-McCluskey seems to involve minimizing the number of AND gates. For my purposes, I need to minimize the number of literals instead of the number of AND gates (for example, I would choose ab+cd over abcde since it has 4 literals instead of 5, even though it has 1 more AND gate). Can anyone give me some pointers on how this different cost function would change the algorithm?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Salome Ensemble a Slice of 20th Century History
December 7, 2016 May 3, 2017 / leaton01
The Salome Ensemble: Rose Pastor Stokes, Anzia Yezierska, Sonya Levien, and Jetta Goudal. By Alan Robert Ginsberg. Syracuse University Press, 2016.
If you don't know who Rose Pastor Stokes (1879-1933), Anzia Yezierska (1880-1970), Sonya Levien (1888-1960), and Jetta Goudal (1881-1985) are, you should. Their lives are a study in connections, as friends, role-models, and political and artistic influences: Pastor Stokes was the inspiration for Yezierska's best-selling 1923 novel, Salome of the Tenements, which Levien then developed as a screenplay for the popular 1925 silent film of the same name, featuring Goudal in the starring role. And as Robert Ginsberg makes clear in this thoroughly-researched, admiring-but-honest group biography, the lives of these four women are interwoven with the fabric of early 20th century American culture.
Pastor Stokes, Yezierska, Levien, and Goudal were all immigrants to the United States, fleeing the limited opportunity and deadly oppression that would have been the fate of young Jewish women living in Europe at the turn of the 20th century. Each desired education, work, service, recognition, and independence—and each pursued those ends relentlessly, taking advantage of the relative social and cultural freedoms available in New York and Hollywood at the time.
Pastor Stokes was largely self-educated, and began her career as a journalist while working in a New York sweatshop, writing about the lives and labor conditions of factory girls. Becoming established as a writer went hand-in-hand with her immersion in social and political causes, particularly working in the settlement houses that mentored and educated immigrant women like herself—and, as it turned out, Levien and Yezierska. Pastor Stokes caused a society sensation when the pretty, socialist, Jewish factory girl caught the eye of James Graham Phelps Stokes, a Yale grad, and scion of a wealthy industrialist family. With his connections and money, and her passionate commitment to workers' rights, the couple found themselves to be an improbable but successful activist team, until Pastor Stokes' zeal outstripped her husband's, and ideological differences led to their divorce. Pastor Stokes became more deeply involved in the communist movement, at once a self-identified American patriot and Bolshevik supporter.
Her activism got her in trouble: she narrowly avoided a lengthy prison sentence when federal prosecutors tried to make her a test case for the recently enacted Espionage Act of 1917. Formulated to control "subversive" political activity in response to the political upheaval of World War One, the act set the pattern for future persecution of those with "un-American" sympathies during the Cold War at mid-century. When Pastor Stokes was found to have "merely" criticized the Wilson administration, and not the Constitution, Declaration of Independence, or the American way of life in general (62), the initial guilty verdict was vacated. Undeterred, she continued her political work, helping to establish the Communist Part of America, writing and speaking on behalf of the communist cause. She remained a committed activist until her death in 1933.
Ginsberg coined the phrase "Salome Ensemble," drawing his inspiration from Albert Einstein's notion that "knowledge of certain phenomena can only be obtained by observing them as groups…'ideal ensembles'…Special, complete knowledge of them is attainable only by understanding their characteristics both as a group and as individuals. They become entangled and affect each other in ways that make it impossible to perceive their actions as other than connected, but their separate identities are never effaced" (xix). Ginsberg sketches a nexus, a set of relationships that started with Pastor Stokes at the center, but which then extended to include the three other women, as well as their many connections, as their individual careers overlapped with seemingly every social, political, and artistic movement between the World Wars. Pastor Stokes met both Yezierska and Levien at a settlement house, and the combination of her indirect example and direct support helped both women to achieve their professional goals. Pastor Stokes hired Levien as a secretary after her marriage to Stokes; that opportunity gave Levien the boost she needed to go on to a career first in law, then in magazine journalism. Yezierska, also largely self-educated throughout her youth, won a scholarship to Columbia Teacher's College, a career she didn't particularly want, but which allowed her to focus on her real passion, writing. When Yezierska was struggling to find an audience for her fiction, it was Pastor Stokes' connection with Levien, then the editor of a popular magazine, that provided Yezierska her big break. As her writing career started to take off, both she and Levien were lured to write for the nascent film industry in Hollywood—Yezierska didn't like the constraints, but Levien throve…and was able to use her position to adapt her friend's novel about her other friend's life, Salome of the Tenements, for the silent screen, starring her friend and artistic collaborator Goudal.
Jetta Goudal's membership in the Salome Ensemble was more tangential than the others'—she worked most closely with Levien but had no particular connection with the other women. Nevertheless, Ginsberg makes a case for including her on the basis of her life's trajectory being so similar to the others, and so similarly influential. In addition to her acting career, Goudal was one of the first actors to challenge the 19th century mindset of the early studios, which saw performers more as indentured servants than as artists—Goudal's lawsuit against Cecil B. DeMille set an important precedent for actors' rights. The case also permanently damaged her career. Goudal is said to have been one of the inspirations for Gloria Swanson's portrayal of Norma Desmond, a has-been silent-screen star, in Sunset Boulevard (1950).
In reviewing Ginsberg's study of the Salome Ensemble, I struggled with the same challenges as he. These four women knew everyone (political alliances and conflicts with Emma Goldman! affairs with John Dewey and Rudy Valentino!) and were involved with everything: publishing and the literary scene, the workers' movement, the early film industry, artists' rights, censorship, education, the evolution of American Judaism, the WPA, war, politics, the economy….Trying to keep track of their connections with one another and linking them to the whole of early 20th century American history is something of an organizational nightmare. To his credit, Ginsberg has done exemplary archival research, and is meticulous in situating the women in their historical context—from specific biographical detail, to the ways in which the women's lives can be read as emblematic of changing roles for immigrants, workers, and women in the early 20th century. Ginsberg struggles a bit to make this complex, exhaustive tale engaging—there's a kitchen-sink quality here, with every possible historical reference thrown in with bits and pieces of cultural critique; and in trying to give each woman thorough, individual attention he ends up repeating details about their overlapping lives. The effect is sometimes dry, sometimes unfocused, and sometimes redundant.
But—while Ginsberg's work isn't always the liveliest read, he tells a great and important story. Give this sprawling, but careful narrative a chance, and allow yourself to share in his unabashed admiration for Pastor Stokes, Levien, Yezierska, and Goudal. And then track down a copy of Salome of the Tenements and read that too.
Carol-Ann Farkas
MCPHS University
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Beranda / Komputer
Understanding and 26 Kinds of Peripherals on Computer Devices
Kinds of peripherals - Some people are familiar with the term peripherals which generally refers to devices that are located outside the computer case. For example, if we connect hardware to a computer to expand computer functions such as a webcam, then the function of the system will increase to be able to record video. However, the term "peripheral" actually means any additional device used to expand system performance. What are the components that enter this peripheral? see the review below.
Peripherals are additional hardware devices that are connected to computer devices with the help of cables or wireless (Wifi). Peripheral function is to help the computer perform tasks that cannot be done by the default hardware already available in the computer. In other words, computers can do new things when peripheral devices are connected.
In general, there are two types of peripherals known, namely:
1. Main peripherals
Main peripherals can be interpreted as equipment that must be available in the operation of the computer unit. Examples are monitors, keyboards and mice. Without a monitor, the computer can turn on but we can't use it. So that the unavailability of this main peripheral will fail the computer system to work.
2. Additional Peripherals
If the main peripheral is the main device of the computer, then additional peripherals can be interpreted as equipment that does not have to be in a computer because it does not affect the core performance of the computer, but these devices are needed for certain jobs. For example printers, scanners, modems, and others.
From the types above, we can conclude that each peripheral has its own role that works together with each other. In full about the various kinds of peripherals, you can see below.
Kinds of Peripheral Devices in Computer Units
There are at least three types of peripheral groups, namely input devices, processing devices and output devices.
A. Peripheral input
rapidpc.co.uk
The input or input device serves as a medium for entering data from outside into a system. The function of this device is to transmit operator inputted data to a programming language. These devices include;
1. Keyboard
The keyboard function is to enter characters in the form of letters, numbers, symbols or special characters that are used as a medium for users to input in the form of other commands such as saving a document or opening a document. The keyboard is shaped like a board that is equipped with various character keys.
2. Mouse
The mouse can be used as the main input device because this device is used to move the pointer or cursor on the computer screen. This pointer is then used as an option for a command, besides that there are three additional inputs on the mouse. Action buttons, option buttons and scroll buttons.
3. Light Pen
This device can be said to be like we write on paper, because this device is in the form of a ballpoint pen whose tip has an electromagnetic sensor. This sensor is used to detect the pattern of movement that we move so that in applications such as paint we can draw according to the desired pattern. So it can be said that the function of the light pen is to enter data with a free schema.
4. Track Ball
This device is almost the same as a mouse, only it looks different. Trackball, in the form of a ball that if we rotate the pointer will move in the direction of rotation. The difference with the mouse, we only rotate the ball that is still on its body. While the mouse we have to move the entire device. This device is widely used on HP.
5. Touchpad
This device is also the same as a mouse except that its shape is like a surface that is moved through the touch of a finger. Commonly used as a substitute for a mouse on a laptop/notebook.
6. Joy Stick
The function of the stick is to enter some keyboard commands with a button pattern that is adjusted to the condition of the hand with the aim of making it easier for the user when playing games.
7. Joypad/Gamepad
This device is also the same as a joystick, only the shape is different, like a board that has a handle and there are certain buttons as input. This device can also function as a mouse.
8. Microphone
The function of the mic is to record or enter data in the form of sound which will be transmitted in the computer memory or directly sent as a communication medium.
9. Webcam
Its function is to retrieve data in the form of recorded images / videos to be transferred directly to the internet.
10. Scanner
Its function is to input files in the form of hard copies into soft copies, the results of which will be displayed on the computer and stored in the computer's memory.
11. Optical drives
Its function is to translate files from the disc storage media (DVD/CD) to be displayed on a computer screen or can also be copied to computer memory.
12. Barcode Scanner
Its function is almost the same as a common scanner, but this device is more inclined to scanning a code that is understood by a programming language. This code is usually affixed to the surface of an item to be used as the ID of the item. In other words, this barcode scanner facilitates the process of identifying an item.
13. Digital Camera
Its function is to record / capture image objects which are then displayed to a computer screen for processing or stored in memory.
B. Processing Device
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Processing equipment is a unit that performs the main task in a computer that can control the entire data processing process. From starting transmiting data from input, sending data to output, all this device is controlling.
1. Motherboards
Is the core or home liaison for the computer CPU device. Other devices that are connected to the motherboard are the processor, RAM, connecting cable, hard drive, VGA card, NIC (network card) and others.
2. Processor
Its function is as a computer brain that will process and control the performance of other devices. The processor itself has a different working capacity, usually the difference is in the frequency and number of cores.
3. RAM (random access memory)
The function of RAM is to store temporary data from a program that is currently running. Data in RAM can be accessed randomly or randomly more quickly.
4. Video Cards
Its function is to support higher quality visuals on the monitor screen by presenting certain quality graphics. The city can also adjust this quality to match the RAM and processor performance.
5. Sound Card
Its function is as a module that will process data in the form of audio or sound and as a liaison for voice input/output devices to a computer.
6. Hard disk
The function of the hard disk is to run the entire operating system process and as well as the main storage medium for any data received.
7. ROM (read only memory)
function To store files or information that is temporary.
C. Output Device
Output or output equipment is a device that will convey the results of data processing to the user in a language that the user understands.
1. Monitor
The function of the monitor is to display data and information in the form of text or graphics that are understood by humans on the monitor screen.
2. Speakers
Its function is to display data/information in the form of sound with a high level of similarity according to the input sound or output a sound whose effect has been set on sound processing software.
3. Printers
The function of the printer is the opposite of a scanner, namely to print data/information from softcopy form into hardcopy form (paper documents).
4. Plotter
Almost the same as a scanner but plotters are more suitable for printing images with fairly large dimensions, such as detailed construction drawings of machines or building construction.
5. Infocus/Projector
Infocus is also almost the same as a monitor that functions to display visual objects as a result of data processing. However, infocus works by projecting signal points onto the surface of other objects. Infocus or more familiar with projectors are often used at presentation events because the dimensions of the resulting object are much wider.
In addition to the three groups of devices above, there is one more group, namely the group of network devices such as modems. Its function is to connect a computer or network device to the internet network.
Thus a complete article regarding the understanding and kinds of peripheral devices on a computer unit may be useful for all of us.


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Q: Divide a row in 5 columns in Bootstrap 4? How do you equally divide a row in 5 columns in Bootstrap 4 where it has 12 columns total? Anyone knows?

A: Bootstrap 4 doesn't use floats like version 3 did so it can automatically space out your columns using just the col class. So for 5 equally spaced columns, just do this:

.col1 {
  background-color: red;
}
.col2 {
  background-color: green;
}
.col3 {
  background-color: blue;
}
.col4 {
  background-color: orange;
}
.col5 {
  background-color: brown;
}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-rwoIResjU2yc3z8GV/NPeZWAv56rSmLldC3R/AZzGRnGxQQKnKkoFVhFQhNUwEyJ" crossorigin="anonymous">

Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Column 4

Column 5


What do you do when your dad is diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease? Will his healing hinge on your faith or prayers? In a romp through their recent emails, Brad and Wayne bite into these questions and a few more. Why do we have a difficult time living in uncertainty and going on a daily adventure with God and instead seek false security in some pat answer, ritualized technique or immutable principle? The truth is we are more secure in him than any of those things can offer, and learning to live there allows us to be part of an unfolding adventure in our lives rather than grasping at illusions of security that only disappoint in the realities of this broken world. During this conversation they talk about physical healing, inner healing, and the prayer of faith that we can engage with God as his work unfolds in our lives.
Great to hear you talk about healing. I believe in it and often see healings. I resist sickness at every opportunity, believing not so much that healing is something which God wants to do, but rather that Jesus bore our sickness & infirmities on the cross, and has already sorted the problem, having redeemed our bodies on the Cross, a redemption some of which we can receive now (on earth as in heaven) and the fullness of which we will live in after we depart. ie our new body.
Having said that, whilst believing that sickness is something to be resisted and not embraced, we do live in a fallen world, have fallen flesh, and and ememy who is subtle and nasty.
Sometimes we may win against sickness, sometimes partially, sometimes we lose. Either way, I think we should fight sickness from the position as loved children of a Father we're in relationship with, knowing we are 'in process' and that whatever the result, He can use it for our good, but that it is never from His hand, and NEVER NEVER NEVER as a punishment for our failings.
A point which is sometimes neglected is that this life is but a vapour, and that the best is yet to come! We maybe hold onto this life too dearly sometimes. The more I get to know God's love the more I yearn for the better place. But that doesn't mean I leave the relationship till later, nor should I sit about and suffer sickness without resisting it. It's all part of the same thing.
That's how I see it ayway.
Good points about the whole church discussion. When I left the last church I was at in April, I honestly started going somewhere else because I didn't want to deal with my mother asking me every week, "Did you go to church today?" I know that this comes out of a place of concern, but sometimes we need to recognize that people need a time and space for healing and my faith in Christ really is intact. I just need a break from the organization known as Church. If we don't allow ourselves this time and space, we'll find ourselves just jumping back into the stream without ever spending time evaluating where we are in the faith. Now although I am attending a church that is a bit of fresh air over my last church, I am not joining or committing to anything yet. I enjoy the preaching and going to a Living the Questions class, but other than that, I have no plans to join until I know where it is that God would have me to be and do. I can tell you it's really nice not to have the baggage of position and responsibility. For this time I need the space to exhale and process a lot of things that came out of my last experience. I'm actually enjoying my new-found freedom and really feel that I'm in a healthy place as I stand on my own two feet and become comfortable in my own skin rather than living what others think I should be.
I also will say if I know them well, I am discovering "church" is who I am and less and less a place I go physically.
And I tell them a friend said long time ago, "nobody ever got lost following Jesus". That statement alone has helped expose the "fence/pen as safe place" problem.
I think living the path of "unschooling/homeschool" has prepared me for dealing with people feeling defensive about their choices about education. One thing I discovered is if I hear someone compelled to defend how they live, that is not about me, its about them needing to convince themselves that what they are doing is right or more true. Somehow just that understanding expanded my heart with compassion and less receiving judgement from them. I know more and more that is just reflecting the reality of true freedom. Love is the constant not a variable.
We just had my mother-in-laws funeral and she had Alzheimers. It had been a ten year journey. We had such a wonderful celebration for her home coming. So much of His Love I know now because of that journey. Tracy, its a painful Hallelujah not a "I've seen the light" arrogant Hallelujah but a broken painfillled Hallellujah that is true praise. The more honest and real I was with Father about her healing the more Him I discovered and the Holy Spirit helped me embrace the mystery of God.
Not so spirituall here, but in dealing with Alzheimer's — take advantage of all the support you can find, for yourself and all involved. Caregiver stress is serious. Perhaps the pressure of thinking you should believe for healing might add to the stress? (And I believe in healing, but getting past the notion of thinking I did something wrong if it doesn't happen.) Let the Father walk you through each step, there are so many issues at so many levels, and trust that He will get you and your loved ones through it. Healing is a miracle, but so is having the right thing to say at the right time, or getting the assurances you need through the process, or getting wonderful doctors and nurses etc etc etc.


Thornton was the fourth recipient of the Beatrice Wood Film Award.
He admitted to becoming anorexic when he lost 60 pounds for his role in "Pushing Tin".
"When a studio treats me badly, I remember it. I have no patience for studio executives who treat me like an idiot or tell me how my characters should talk." --Thornton quoted in Los Angeles Times, November 24, 1996.
"I'm one of those people who just attract weirdos. I always seem to end up, like, in the middle of the desert with some biker, you know, and he's threatening to tie me up or something. I've known a lot of strange people." --Billy Bob Thornton in Time Out New York, November 21-28, 1996.
"Now there's a call I never used to get. That was my manager asking me what hotel I want to stay in when we're on location. They used to say, 'You're staying at the Holiday Inn, and that's it.' Now they give me a list of the four or five best hotels in the area, and let me pick." --Thornton to Detour Magazine, March 1998.
"I can name three happy times in my life. One was when my kids were born. One is right now, because of the relationship I'm in [with Laura Dern] and the relationship with my family. And the other one was at a time when I didn't have much at all but I felt free somehow. I was working a physical-labor job back in Arkansas ... I had exactly enough money to just live barely, but I didn't want anything else, other than stuff I knew was way in the future. You know what it was? My dreams were the most alive they ever were right then. It was like I knew I was going somewhere. And for right then, that was good enough. I know I'm going in a roundabout way explaining about being haunted, but I guess I'm haunted by the happiness and the sadness of the past, and I'm looking for it all to come back, to bottle it up and keep it. Until I do, I think I'll feel like a little bit of a ghost. A little bit hollow-eyed. I feel like I'm a bird, kind of flying around." --Thornton to Us, August 1998.
"There's a real common misconception that I'm like a big deal. I'm really not. I'm a big deal only because of people like Roger Ebert, Jeffrey Lyons, Joel Siegel, critics like that. That's the only reason anybody ever hears about me." --Billy Bob Thornton quoted in the Sydney Morning Herald, February 7, 2002.
"I like outcasts of society. I've felt like one myself. Still do. I'm a fairly normal person, really, contrary to what they write in the papers. Fairly normal. But I kind of don't fit in." --Thornton to the Sydney Morning Herald, February 7, 2002.
Thorton has a country band called Private Radio.


text:
Sophie Turner Jul 27, 2020
Sophie Turner Gives Birth, Welcomes First Child With Joe Jonas
Although she never formally announced her pregnancy, Sophie Turner has welcomed her first child with Joe Jonas.
celebrity couples Feb 12, 2020
Sophie Turner Is Pregnant, Expecting First Child With Joe Jonas
Sophie Turner is about to be a mom. According to multiple reports, the Game of Thrones star is pregnant and expecting her first child with husband Joe Jonas.
Mandy Moore Nov 11, 2019
People's Choice Awards 2019 Winners: The Complete List
See every celeb who took home a trophy at the 2019 E! People's Choice Awards!
'Tonight': Emilia Clarke Reveals 'Thrones' Coffee Cup Confession
Emilia Clarke imitates her "Game of Thrones" co-stars Kit Harington and Jason Momoa's awkward dance moves and responds to Sophie Turner accusing her of coffee cup-gate by throwing Conleth Hill under the bus.
'Tonight': Hailee Steinfeld Gave Joe Jonas Stamp of Approval
Hailee Steinfeld addresses some rumors, including how she's responsible for Sophie Turner and Joe Jonas' marriage, gives an update about her new music and reveals how she got Wiz Khalifa to co-star in her series, Dickinson.
California Sep 8, 2019
'Charmed' Alum Holly Marie Combs Marries Longtime Love Mike Ryan
Former "Charmed" and "Pretty Little Liars" star Holly Marie Combs is off the market. The beloved actress married her longtime love Mike Ryan on Saturday, People reports. According to the publication, the newlyweds exchanged vows in front of close friends and family members in Carmel, Calif. The pair's wedding comes two years after Ryan popped the big question in September...
NBCUniversal Inc. May 11, 2019
'Tonight': Sophie Turner Blames Emilia Clarke for 'Game of Thrones' Misplaced Coffee Cup
Sophie Turner clears her name by pointing fingers at co-stars for that coffee cup left in a Game of Thrones scene, teases how painful the finale will be and describes the awkward way she was rigged to fly in X-Men: Dark Phoenix.
Las Vegas May 2, 2019
The Best Moments From Joe Jonas, Sophie Turner's Wedding
Joe Jonas and Sophie Turner shocked fans when they tied the knot at a wedding chapel in Las Vegas on Wednesday
Surprise! Joe Jonas, Sophie Turner Get Married in Las Vegas
Less than two hours after the 2019 Billboard Music Awards concluded, Joe Jonas and Sophie Turner headed to a Las Vegas wedding chapel to tie the knot. E! News can confirm the Jonas Brothers member and "Game of Thrones" star are officially husband and wife after obtaining a marriage license on Wednesday, May 1. Fans first caught wind of the...
actress Apr 30, 2019
Kristen Stewart Celebrates Young Stars Redefining Sexuality
Kristen Stewart says she felt a "huge responsibility" to define her sexuality after finding fame in the "Twilight" movie franchise. But she's glad today's young stars don't have to do so.
Instagram Mar 1, 2019
The Jonas Brothers Are Back and Better Than Ever With New Song 'Sucker'
We're a "Sucker" for a good Jonas Brothers song. Kevin, Nick and Joe Jonas are finally getting the gang back together again. The brothers made the announcement on Thursday afternoon by revealing that they will be taking over the "Late Late Show With James Corden" in honor of their return to the music scene. And now they are ramping up...
Eric Hinton Jan 14, 2019
'Game of Thrones' Final Season to Debut on April 14, Reveals New Trailer
"Game of Thrones" fans, get ready.
HBO announced Sunday night that the eighth and final season will begin on April 14. In a one minute and 44 second teaser released Sunday, Arya Stark (Maisie Williams), Sansa Stark (Sophie Turner) and Jon Snow (Kit Harington) are seen in the crypts of Winterfell.
social media Dec 14, 2018
Doo Doo Doo You Know What Makes 'Baby Shark' a Viral Video Sensation?
Baby Shark" is a full-on craze, thanks to the #babysharkchallenge that has us all singing, doing our shark hands and sharing on social media, and thanks to piles of soft shark heads, toddler attire and other swag that includes singing plush toys and books
president Nov 2, 2018
HBO, 'Game of Thrones' Stars Slam Trump Tweet Hijacking Show Iconic Imagery, Language
Winter is coming. And President Trump is going to need a heavy coat following a chilly reception from HBO.
YouTube Jan 2, 2018
YouTube Star Apologizes for Video of Apparent Suicide
American YouTube vlogger and actor Logan Paul faced severe criticism after he posted a video that appeared to show a dead body in a Japanese forest known for suicide attempts.
Instagram Oct 16, 2017
'Game of Thrones' star Sophie Turner Announces Engagement to Joe Jonas
"Game of Thrones fans may have to wait several months to find out the ultimate fate of Sansa, but actress Sophie Turner is crafting her own happily ever after in real life.
HBO May 25, 2017
'Game of Thrones' Season 7 Trailer Promises 'The Great War Is Here'
"The great war is here," Lena Headey's Cersei proclaims in the first "Game of Thrones" season seven trailer. And what a war it looks like. The trailer features all your favorites doing what they do best, including sitting atop the Iron Throne. Cersei isn't giving that seat up easily, but there are definitely challengers coming her way. "We're the last...
HBO Mar 10, 2017
Winter is Coming Back: 'Game of Thrones' Premiere Date Revealed
Jon Snow fans rejoice. HBO announced Thursday the hit show would be returning on Sunday, July 16.
director May 27, 2016
'X-Men: Apocalypse' Packs a Punch for Jennifer Lawrence and James McAvoy
Jennifer Lawrence and James McAvoy return to their superhero roles for a third time in "Apocalypse" — opening Friday — to face the threat of an ancient mutant, intent on destroying the world.


A collection of values returned by getSnapshotIds.
The data encryption key identifier for the snapshot.
Whether the snapshot is encrypted.
Value from an Amazon-maintained list (amazon, aws-marketplace, microsoft) of snapshot owners.
The snapshot ID (e.g. snap-59fcb34e).
A mapping of tags for the resource.
The volume ID (e.g. vol-59fcb34e).
The size of the drive in GiBs.
A collection of values returned by getVolume.
The volume ARN (e.g. arn:aws:ec2:us-east-1:0123456789012:volume/vol-59fcb34e).
The AZ where the EBS volume exists.
Whether the disk is encrypted.
The amount of IOPS for the disk.
The snapshot_id the EBS volume is based off.
The type of EBS volume.
Creates a Snapshot of an EBS Volume.
description (pulumi.Input[str]) – A description of what the snapshot is.
volume_id (pulumi.Input[str]) – The Volume ID of which to make a snapshot.
A description of what the snapshot is.
The Volume ID of which to make a snapshot.
encrypted (pulumi.Input[bool]) – Whether the snapshot is encrypted.
kms_key_id (pulumi.Input[str]) – The ARN for the KMS encryption key.
tags (pulumi.Input[dict]) – A mapping of tags for the snapshot.
The AWS account ID of the snapshot owner.
A mapping of tags for the snapshot.
Manages a single EBS volume.
availability_zone (pulumi.Input[str]) – The AZ where the EBS volume will exist.
encrypted (pulumi.Input[bool]) – If true, the disk will be encrypted.
iops (pulumi.Input[float]) – The amount of IOPS to provision for the disk.
kms_key_id (pulumi.Input[str]) – The ARN for the KMS encryption key. When specifying kms_key_id, encrypted needs to be set to true.
size (pulumi.Input[float]) – The size of the drive in GiBs.
snapshot_id (pulumi.Input[str]) – A snapshot to base the EBS volume off of.
type (pulumi.Input[str]) – The type of EBS volume. Can be "standard", "gp2", "io1", "sc1" or "st1" (Default: "standard").
The AZ where the EBS volume will exist.
If true, the disk will be encrypted.
The amount of IOPS to provision for the disk.
The ARN for the KMS encryption key. When specifying kms_key_id, encrypted needs to be set to true.
A snapshot to base the EBS volume off of.
The type of EBS volume. Can be "standard", "gp2", "io1", "sc1" or "st1" (Default: "standard").
Use this data source to get a list of EBS Snapshot IDs matching the specified criteria.


Since 1971, the Arms Control Association is proud to have played a part in advancing and securing major arms control and nonproliferation successes that have helped avoid bad situations from becoming much worse. The Arms Control Association has shown it can deliver authoritative information, ideas, and analysis that help shape the public policy debate in Washington, across the United States, and around the world.
1971: Arms Control Association is founded by leading military, defense, and diplomatic officials involved in the early years of nuclear and chemical arms control and nonproliferation.
1974: Arms Control Today debuts as the new name of the journal of the Arms Control Association.
1976: Arms Control Today publishes arms control questions and answers with presidential candidates Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter. This inaugurates what will become a regular feature in presidential election years.
1977: The Association co-hosts the first of several annual international meetings for young arms control analysts and scholars (New Faces Conferences). The Arms Control Association itself becomes a training ground, helping to launch the careers of many men and women who later served in high government positions.
1979: President Herbert Scoville, Jr. helps to lead non-governmental opposition to the MX ICBM and two years later publishes MX: Prescription for Disaster. The Arms Control Association publishes Negotiating Security: An Arms Control Reader, the first of many books and studies.
1982: The Association helps organize Ground Zero Week to educate the public about nuclear weapons, nuclear war, and arms control solutions at a time of high U.S.-Soviet tensions.
1983: The Association commemorates the 20th anniversary of the Limited Test Ban Treaty by honoring its chief U.S. negotiator, W. Averell Harriman, and calls for the renewal of comprehensive test ban talks.
1984: The Association helps establish the National Campaign to Save the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty and warns against the destabilizing and costly impact of the Strategic Defense Initiative.
1986-87: The Scoville Visiting Lectureship program is launched and the Association serves as a host for the Scoville Peace Fellowship Program to bring young scholars into the field.
1989: The Association publishes the primer, Arms Control and National Security: An Introduction.
1991: Arms Control Today receives the 1991 Olive Branch Award for "outstanding" coverage of international security for a notable series of articles on the potential for terrorist acquisition of nuclear weapons material in the former Soviet Union.
1994-95: The Association plays a major role in the Campaign for the NPT supporting the accord's indefinite extension and strengthening of the nuclear-weapon states' commitments to nuclear disarmament, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
1997: www.armscontrol.org is launched, making Arms Control Today and other research products available to tens of thousands more readers on the Web.
1997: Executive Director Spurgeon Keeny, Jr. and several Board Members serve on National Academy of Sciences study panel on the Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy, which recommends reducing U.S. nuclear weapons to fewer than 1,000 warheads.
1997-2000: The Association and other members of the Coalition to Reduce Nuclear Dangers wage a high-profile, but unsuccessful, bid to win Senate approval of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and preserve the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency as an independent entity under new Executive Director Daryl G. Kimball.
2001: The Association exposes and helps counter efforts by administration hardliners to repudiate the U.S. signature of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
2002: The Association becomes the leading nongovernmental critic of the George W. Bush administration's decision to withdraw from the ABM Treaty and to pursue new nuclear capabilities to destroy non-nuclear targets.
2002: The Association publicly urges the United States to restart talks with North Korea on implementation of its nonproliferation commitments and to avert a restart of its weapons program.
2002: Arms Control Today publishes a special report on the history, findings, and status of arms inspections in Iraq; urges continued inspections to eliminate prohibited weapons and missiles.
2003: The Association draws national attention to Bush administration's "cherry-picking" of National Intelligence Estimate on Iraq at press conference featuring former intelligence officials.
2003: Arms Control Today publishes a seminal article by a group of physicists and diplomats on the negative impact of new U.S. earth-penetrating nuclear weapons, sparking key members of the House and Senate to launch a campaign to stop the proposal.
2004: Arms Control Today is redesigned for the first time in nearly two decades.
2005: Launch of the Association's "Campaign to Strengthen the NPT," which builds bipartisan support for a comprehensive U.S. nonproliferation strategy ahead of the 2005 NPT Review Conference.
2005: The Association publishes the influential report What Are Nuclear Weapons For? by Dr. Sidney Drell and Amb. James Goodby for steep nuclear reductions to 1,000 strategic warheads.
2005-08: The Association leads a diverse national and international coalition of NGOs and experts against exempting India from U.S. and global nuclear trade restrictions that almost tipped the balance against the deal.
2006: The Association publishes an analysis highlighting the risks posed by a planned Iranian reactor at Arak capable of producing large quantities of plutonium, which prompts New York Times coverage and action by IAEA member states to stop technical assistance for the project.
2007: The Association develops a detailed legislative proposal for a comprehensive strategy to strengthen the nonproliferation and disarmament system, which is embraced by Sen. Barack Obama and Sen. Chuck Hagel and introduced as S. 1977 in August 2007. The bill became the blueprint for President Obama's nuclear risk reduction strategy outlined in his speech in Prague in 2009.
2008: The Association publishes reports and articles by staff and by Board Member Rose Gottemoeller that provide ideas for negotiation of a new strategic arms reduction treaty with Russia beginning the following year.
2008: Arms Control Today publishes an extensive Q & A with president-elect Barack Obama on his views and policies on nonproliferation and disarmament.
2009: The Project for the CTBT is created to coordinate public and policy education efforts on the CTBT. At request of the Presidential Transition Team, Association staff provide recommendations for test ban policy.
2009: The Association augments its research staff and launches new projects and reports with a focus on resolving threats posed by the Iranian nuclear and missile programs, improving nuclear material security, and security ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and New START.
2010: The Association plays a leading role in the nongovernmental effort to build public understanding and support for the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, which is narrowly approved by the Senate.
2010: The Association launches a series of conferences in Brussels, Warsaw, Ankara, and Washington on revising NATO's nuclear policy and the future of U.S. tactical nuclear bombs in Europe.
2011: The MacArthur Foundation recognizes the Arms Control Association as an "exceptional organization that effectively addresses pressing national and international security challenges" with an "impact that is disproportionate to its small size," and provides a major capacity-building grant.
2011: Following ratification of New START, the Association draws attention to the excessive cost and scope of U.S. plans to modernize all three legs of the nuclear "triad" and provides a detailed blueprint for achieving tens of billions in budget savings at current and lower nuclear force levels.
2011-16: The Association launches a series of widely-praised research reports that document—and seek to hold governments accountable—to the milestones and commitments agreed at their Nuclear Security Summits.
2012-17: The Association helps establish a 21-member U.S.-German-Russian experts commission to maintain an ongoing dialogue on how to address the growing obstacles to deeper nuclear weapons cuts. The Commission's reports and papers provide a practical plan for how Russia and the West can step back from the brink and renew dialogue and restraint.
Association staff launches the "P5+1 and Iran Nuclear Talks Alert" e-newsletter, which becomes the "P5+1 and Iran Nuclear Deal Alert," and closely monitors the Iran nuclear talks on site in Vienna, Geneva, Lausanne, and New York, and provides regular updates and commentary read by nearly 8,000 reporters, analysts, and policymakers.
2014: The Association rolls out an expanded and updated version of its www.armscontrol.org website for its growing audience of some half-million visitors each year.
2014: Through the leadership of Board Chair John Steinbruner, the Association facilitates an historic U.S.-Iranian Religious Leaders Dialogue on the moral questions of nuclear weapons, which brought together top U.S. Catholic Bishops and Iranian clerics and produced a joint statement.
2014: The Association hosts the first Jonathan Tucker Conference on Chemical and Biological Arms Control with a special focus on the successful UN-OPCW mission to remove 1,300 tons of chemical weapons agent from war-torn Syria.
2015: The Association organizes statements demonstrating the overwhelming expert support for the Iran deal and becomes a go-to source for Congressional staff, as well as a diverse network of pro-diplomacy organizations, thereby helping to secure the Congressional support necessary to implement the agreement.
2016: The Association launches a new "Arms Control" app for smartphones and tablets to help expand reach to the growing number of readers worldwide.
2016: After months of campaigning by a broad network of organizations, including the Arms Control Association, President Barack Obama became the first sitting U.S. president to visit Hiroshima, the site of the first atomic bombing.
2016: Prompted by a research and advocacy campaign led by the Arms Control Association, along with the Stimson Center, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 2310 on Sept. 23, which reinforces the global norm against nuclear testing and calls for action on the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) on the 20th anniversary of the opening for signature of the treaty.
2007-2017: Each year for more than a decade, the Association has recognized and the public has voted online for the "Arms Control Person of the Year" to recognize work of key leaders and institutions that have advanced effective arms control, nonproliferation, and disarmament solutions, and/or raised awareness of the threats posed by mass casualty weapons.


Here is a quick ZSH trick I learned from my awesome coworker Gabe Berke-Williams. In ZSH, you can re-run your last command using r.
This isn't terribly help until you find out that you can perform some basic substitution on your command. How about the following scenario? You've upgraded postgres and need to reinstall the gem.
It is a small trick but can come in handy.


Absa and Qhubeka's Cape Epic teams partner to use bicycles to change the lives of Stellenbosch school children.
On Saturday 23 March in Stellenbosch, bicycles were the focus of the day. Not only was the Absa Cape Epic – Africa's untamed MTB race – starting and finishing in Stellenbosch, but 50 school children from Kayamandi High received brand new Qhubeka bicycles as part of a learn-to-earn programme. These bicycles are the first to be distributed of the 400 bicycles that have been funded in total by Qhubeka's Absa Cape Epic teams (350 bicycles) and event headline sponsor, Absa (50 bicycles).


From a logistical standpoint, having clients implies being aware of said clients' needs and achieving and exceeding their expectation, on a regular basis. The client is, understandably, an essential part in the process of production and, thus, needs to be aware of the project's progression.
For years, this briefing has been done via meetings or phone calls, requiring planning ahead for both client and company, in order to ensure everything is going according to plan.
And while this is not necessarily an issue in most cases, it can become an inconvenience.
With that in mind, we have developed a solution that allows the client to 'drop in' and check on the status of their project without ever having to contact anyone else.
Client Access enables the client to log in straight into our CRM and review a particular project or task and assess the state of completion, all while utilising an intuitive, user friendly interface.
Because, by this time, your team already documents everything into the CRM, the client will not require any additional software, and will receive login credentials over email, once they are added.
Afterwards, they can track the progress on specific projects as well as view the work hours put in on certain tasks and, as progress unfolds, they receive notifications when the staff comment on various tasks, so they always know what is going on.
Client Access gives your customer the freedom to check in on their project, as well as the confidence that the project will be finalized.
You can provide access to your clients today with the help of W3B Management Solutions.
Once a client has received the login credentials for the CRM, all they have to do is follow the link and enter the provided information (username and password).
The Client dashboard offers an overview of the projects and tasks associated with a particular client. The client has limited capabilities in respect to the functions of the CRM, but is able to see what was performed or use the filters to find a particular task or project.
The client can leave comments or feedback by clicking on a specific task and writing in the respective column.
After posting a comment, the client can still edit or delete it, and, just like in the full CRM, everything is timestamped and the client can also annex additional projects and tasks whenever they chose to do so.
All this gives a better understanding of the processes and work involved in completing a project and allows for a easier communication between company and client.
As always, W3B Management Solutions is here to help guide you through the process.


Privacy Rights Clearinghouse (PRC) has persistently challenged the health care industry's improper use and disclosure of confidential medical information, which in many instances is used to market new or additional medication to patients. PRC has become aware that Caremark, a CVS owned company and one of the country's largest pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs), is improperly sharing prescription information with CVS to steer pharmacy patients to CVS pharmacies.
Prescription benefits are an essential coverage provided by most health insurance plans. The increasing size and complexity of the pharmacy benefits and payment process causes many plan sponsors -- employers, HMOs and others -- to contract with PBMs for administrative services and to assist the containment of medical costs. PBMs like Caremark are essentially administrators that process payments to dispensing pharmacies, handle payment claims, and negotiate reimbursement rates with pharmaceutical companies.
It appears, however, that Caremark may not limit its activities to those appropriate for PBMs. When Caremark was acquired by CVS in 2007, CVS recognized the potential misuse of the sensitive information handled, and promised that Caremark would be "agnostic to where the consumer fills their prescription."1 This statement is apparently false. Rather, Caremark allegedly discloses confidential patient medical information to CVS marketing specialists who use it to develop programs intended to increase CVS pharmacy business. This is seemingly done without the knowledge or permission of the patients.
Rather, after Caremark obtains patient prescription information to process claims for payment, the patients often receive communications encouraging them to fill prescriptions through CVS. PRC has been informed of calls and letters from CVS to patients of Caremark-administered plans requesting they transfer their prescriptions to CVS pharmacies. Other reports indicate that some Caremark patients are automatically enrolled in CVS' "ExtraCare Rewards" program and sent coupons redeemable only at a CVS pharmacy.
Using patients' medical information for these types of marketing without authorization is improper. Medical information is extremely private and safeguarded by most states from unauthorized use.
If you or a loved one is in a Caremark-administered health plan and has been asked, or required, to fill your prescription at a CVS pharmacy, letting PRC know could help an ongoing effort to halt the misuse of confidential medical information.
Privacy Rights Clearinghouse is a nonprofit consumer information and advocacy organization based in San Diego, CA. To contact PRC, visit http://www.privacyrights.org/about_us.htm#contact or call 619-298-3396.


text:
export const REDUX_STORAGE_LOAD = 'REDUX_STORAGE_LOAD';
export const APP_READY = 'APP_READY';

export const USER_LOGIN_REQUESTED = 'USER_LOGIN_REQUESTED';
export const USER_LOGIN_SUCCEEDED = 'USER_LOGIN_SUCCEEDED';
export const USER_LOGIN_FAILED = 'USER_LOGIN_FAILED';
export const USER_LOGOUT_REQUESTED = 'USER_LOGOUT_REQUESTED';
export const USER_LOGOUT_SUCCEEDED = 'USER_LOGOUT_SUCCEEDED';
export const USER_LOGOUT_FAILED = 'USER_LOGOUT_FAILED';
export const USER_UPDATE_POSITION_REQUESTED = 'USER_UPDATE_POSITION_REQUESTED';
export const USER_UPDATE_POSITION_SUCCEEDED = 'USER_UPDATE_POSITION_SUCCEEDED';
export const USER_UPDATE_POSITION_FAILED = 'USER_UPDATE_POSITION_FAILED';
export const USER_FETCH_REQUESTED = 'USER_FETCH_REQUESTED';
export const USER_FETCH_SUCCEEDED = 'USER_FETCH_SUCCEEDED';
export const USER_FETCH_FAILED = 'USER_FETCH_FAILED';

export const SEARCH_TOPICS_REQUESTED = 'SEARCH_TOPICS_REQUESTED';
export const SEARCH_TOPICS_SUCCEEDED = 'SEARCH_TOPICS_SUCCEEDED';
export const SEARCH_TOPICS_FAILED = 'SEARCH_TOPICS_FAILED';
export const SEARCH_EMPTY_RESULTS = 'SEARCH_EMPTY_RESULTS';

export const TOPIC_CREATE_REQUESTED = 'TOPIC_CREATE_REQUESTED';
export const TOPIC_CREATE_SUCCEEDED = 'TOPIC_CREATE_SUCCEEDED';
export const TOPIC_CREATE_FAILED = 'TOPIC_CREATE_FAILED';
export const TOPIC_FETCH_REQUESTED = 'TOPIC_FETCH_REQUESTED';
export const TOPIC_FETCH_SUCCEEDED = 'TOPIC_FETCH_SUCCEEDED';
export const TOPIC_FETCH_FAILED = 'TOPIC_FETCH_FAILED';
export const TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_REQUESTED = 'TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_REQUESTED';
export const TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_SUCCEEDED = 'TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_SUCCEEDED';
export const TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_FAILED = 'TOPIC_DO_CHECKIN_FAILED';
export const TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_REQUESTED = 'TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_REQUESTED';
export const TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_SUCCEEDED = 'TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_SUCCEEDED';
export const TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_FAILED = 'TOPIC_UNDO_CHECKIN_FAILED';

// List of actions that act on persistent data
export const persistActionTypes = [
  USER_LOGIN_SUCCEEDED,
  USER_LOGOUT_SUCCEEDED,
  USER_FETCH_SUCCEEDED,
];

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Pavel Petrovich Vopilov (; 1875/1878, in Orenburg Governorate – after June 1907) was a peasant, an awards-winning village teacher and a deputy of the Second Imperial Duma from Orenburg Governorate in 1907. He was considered to have right political views, but joined the Constitutional Democratic Party faction in the Duma.

Literature
 Вопилов Павел Петрович (in Russian) // Государственная дума Российской империи: 1906—1917 / Б. Ю. Иванов, А. А. Комзолова, И. С. Ряховская. — Москва: РОССПЭН, 2008. — P. 103. — 735 p. — .
 Члены Государственной Думы (портреты и биографии). Второй созыв. 1907—1912 гг. / Сост. М. М. Боиович. — Москва, 1907. — P. 212. (in Russian)
 Вопилов Павел Петрович (in Russian) // Челябинская область: энциклопедия / гл. ред. К. Н. Бочкарёв. — Челябинск: Каменный пояс, 2008. — .

1870s births
People from Chelyabinsk Oblast
People from Orenburg Governorate
Russian Constitutional Democratic Party members
Members of the 2nd State Duma of the Russian Empire

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Joeyseven: welcome base, need some tips?
johnrs1: trucker wanna be allies?
johnrs1: take down ol joey?
Joeyseven: johnrs1: trucker wanna be allies?
Joeyseven: johnrs1: take down ol joey?
Joeyseven: This kind of teaming is not allowed. Please read the site rules.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: it was a joke!
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: i would never let him be my teammate.!
johnrs1: what does that mean joey?
Joeyseven: Don't target me because of my rank, target the person who is going to win.
Joeyseven: truckdriver_bigloadsrgood why r u targeting me ?
Joeyseven: because of what black said?
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: i m owning you johnrs1!!!!!
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: ME and JOey are a team now!!!
Joeyseven: 11 Feb, 02:43 johnrs1: trucker wanna be allies?
johnrs1: Temporary alliances must be made in the game chat.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: When did this happen!
johnrs1: joey you are holding up my victory END YOUR TURN!!!
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: Joey what color are you?
johnrs1: no one is teaming!!!
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood: JOEY ARE WE STILL TEAMMATES TOGETHER AGAISNT JOHNRS!
elysium5: That language is not appropriate.
elysium5: If you want to report a game for review, use the in game report tab.
elysium5: Name calling is unnecessary and not acceptable here.
elysium5: I will be reviewing everything, from language and name calling to abuse of the add time button and a review of the game-play itself.
elysium5: Also, with the amount of issues and complaining recently I think I will be going through some earlier games as well.
Joeyseven: with johnrs1 and truckdriver?
johnrs1: talking to yourself again joey?
johnrs1: why you so obsessed with me?
johnrs1 was defeated by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood.
Western Australia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Eastern Australia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 2.
Papua New Guinea (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Western Australia with 8 troops.
Papua New Guinea (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Western Australia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Indonesia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Papua New Guinea with 9 troops.
Indonesia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Papua New Guinea (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Siam (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Indonesia with 10 troops.
Siam (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Indonesia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
China (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Siam with 11 troops.
China (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Siam (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 2, losing 2.
Kazakhstan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied China with 14 troops.
Kazakhstan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked China (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Kazakhstan with 15 troops.
Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Kazakhstan (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Middle East (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Ukraine with 17 troops.
Middle East (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Ukraine (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Middle East (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 11 troops.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 2 troops for holding South America.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 9 troops for 28 territories.
Siam (johnrs1) was fortified from Ukraine (johnrs1) with 1 troop.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) occupied Ukraine with 2 troops.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) attacked Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 3.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) was reinforced by johnrs1 with 5 troops.
johnrs1 received 2 troops for holding Australia.
johnrs1 received 3 troops for 7 territories.
Middle East (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was fortified from Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) with 6 troops.
Irkutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Mongolia with 3 troops.
Irkutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Mongolia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Yakutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Irkutsk with 4 troops.
Yakutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Irkutsk (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Siberia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Yakutsk with 6 troops.
Siberia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Yakutsk (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Ural (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Siberia with 8 troops.
Ural (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Siberia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Ural with 10 troops.
Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Ural (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Ukraine (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 10 troops.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 8 troops for 24 territories.
Irkutsk (johnrs1) attacked Mongolia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Yakutsk (johnrs1) occupied Irkutsk with 2 troops.
Yakutsk (johnrs1) attacked Irkutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Siberia (johnrs1) occupied Yakutsk with 3 troops.
Siberia (johnrs1) attacked Yakutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Ural (johnrs1) occupied Siberia with 4 troops.
Ural (johnrs1) attacked Siberia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 3.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) occupied Ural with 8 troops.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) attacked Ural (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
China (johnrs1) occupied Kazakhstan with 9 troops.
China (johnrs1) attacked Kazakhstan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 2.
Siam (johnrs1) occupied China with 12 troops.
Siam (johnrs1) attacked China (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Indonesia (johnrs1) occupied Siam with 14 troops.
Indonesia (johnrs1) attacked Siam (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Papua New Guinea (johnrs1) occupied Indonesia with 16 troops.
Papua New Guinea (johnrs1) attacked Indonesia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Eastern Australia (johnrs1) occupied Papua New Guinea with 18 troops.
Eastern Australia (johnrs1) attacked Papua New Guinea (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Eastern Australia (johnrs1) was reinforced by johnrs1 with 18 troops.
johnrs1 received 15 troops for turning in cards China, Quebec, and Ural.
johnrs1 received 3 troops for 2 territories.
Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was fortified from East Africa (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) with 6 troops.
East Africa (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Madagascar with 1 troop.
East Africa (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Madagascar (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied East Africa with 8 troops.
Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked East Africa (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Middle East with 1 troop.
Egypt (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Middle East (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Southern Europe (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Egypt with 10 troops.
Southern Europe (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Egypt (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Papua New Guinea (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Eastern Australia (johnrs1) killing 0, losing 2.
Indonesia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Papua New Guinea with 3 troops.
Siam (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Indonesia with 4 troops.
China (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Siam with 5 troops.
China (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Siam (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 3, losing 2.
Kazakhstan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied China with 8 troops.
Ural (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Kazakhstan with 9 troops.
Ural (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Kazakhstan (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Siberia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Ural with 10 troops.
Siberia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Ural (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Yakutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Siberia with 11 troops.
Yakutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Siberia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Irkutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Yakutsk with 13 troops.
Irkutsk (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Yakutsk (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Mongolia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Irkutsk with 15 troops.
Mongolia (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Irkutsk (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Japan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Mongolia with 16 troops.
Japan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Mongolia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Southern Europe (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 10 troops.
Japan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 12 troops.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 12 troops for turning in cards Northwest Territory, Ontario, and Brazil.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 10 troops for turning in cards Japan, Kazakhstan, and Western United States.
Kamchatka (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Japan with 3 troops.
Joeyseven was defeated by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood.
Kamchatka (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Japan (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 2, losing 1.
Alaska (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Kamchatka with 5 troops.
Alaska (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Kamchatka (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Northwest Territory (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Alaska with 7 troops.
Northwest Territory (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Alaska (Neutral) conquering it, killing 3, losing 0.
Northwest Territory (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 7 troops.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 5 troops for 17 territories.
Siam (johnrs1) was fortified from Eastern Australia (johnrs1) with 2 troops.
Kamchatka (johnrs1) attacked Japan (Joeyseven) killing 1, losing 5.
Yakutsk (johnrs1) occupied Kamchatka with 6 troops.
Yakutsk (johnrs1) attacked Kamchatka (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Irkutsk (johnrs1) occupied Yakutsk with 7 troops.
Irkutsk (johnrs1) attacked Yakutsk (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Siberia (johnrs1) occupied Irkutsk with 9 troops.
Siberia (johnrs1) attacked Irkutsk (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 3, losing 5.
Ural (johnrs1) occupied Siberia with 15 troops.
Ural (johnrs1) attacked Siberia (Neutral) conquering it, killing 3, losing 0.
Kazakhstan (johnrs1) occupied Ural with 16 troops.
Mongolia (johnrs1) attacked Japan (Joeyseven) killing 1, losing 5.
China (johnrs1) occupied Mongolia with 6 troops.
China (johnrs1) attacked Mongolia (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Siam (johnrs1) occupied China with 8 troops.
Siam (johnrs1) attacked China (Neutral) conquering it, killing 3, losing 3.
Middle East (johnrs1) occupied Kazakhstan with 17 troops.
Middle East (johnrs1) attacked Kazakhstan (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Middle East (johnrs1) was reinforced by johnrs1 with 5 troops.
johnrs1 received 3 troops for 9 territories.
Joeyseven resigned from the game.
Mongolia (Joeyseven) occupied Japan with 4 troops.
Mongolia (Joeyseven) attacked Japan (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Kamchatka (Joeyseven) occupied Mongolia with 5 troops.
Kamchatka (Joeyseven) attacked Mongolia (johnrs1) conquering it, killing 9, losing 7.
Kamchatka (Joeyseven) was reinforced by Joeyseven with 10 troops.
Irkutsk (Joeyseven) was reinforced by Joeyseven with 1 troop.
Joeyseven received 8 troops for turning in cards East Africa, South Africa, and Siberia.
Joeyseven received 3 troops for 3 territories.
Venezuela (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Central America with 6 troops.
Venezuela (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Central America (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 3, losing 0.
Western United States (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Central America (Joeyseven) killing 6, losing 4.
Alberta (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Western United States with 7 troops.
Alberta (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Western United States (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 2.
Northwest Territory (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Alberta with 10 troops.
Northwest Territory (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Alberta (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Ontario (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Northwest Territory with 11 troops.
Ontario (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Northwest Territory (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 2, losing 1.
Quebec (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Ontario with 13 troops.
Quebec (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Ontario (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 2, losing 1.
Greenland (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Quebec with 15 troops.
Greenland (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Quebec (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 0.
Iceland (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) occupied Greenland with 16 troops.
Iceland (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) attacked Greenland (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 4, losing 3.
Iceland (truckdriver_bigloadsrgood) was reinforced by truckdriver_bigloadsrgood with 12 troops.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 6 troops for turning in cards Scandinavia, Madagascar, and Western Australia.
truckdriver_bigloadsrgood received 4 troops for 12 territories.
Japan (johnrs1) occupied Mongolia with 9 troops.
Japan (johnrs1) attacked Mongolia (Joeyseven) conquering it, killing 1, losing 1.
Japan (johnrs1) was reinforced by johnrs1 with 9 troops.
johnrs1 received 4 troops for turning in cards Eastern Australia, Alberta, and Ukraine.
johnrs1 received 3 troops for 10 territories.