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An Open Letter to the Supreme Court of India Against Outdoor Air Purifiers
thewire.in
"For some reason, the misconception that outdoor air-purifiers can clean the air never seems to die away."
Members and advisers of Care for Air, a nonprofit organisation that works on issues of air pollution and its awareness, recently penned a letter addressed to the Supreme Court of India requesting that it not promote band-aid fixes like smog towers and other outdoor air-purifiers to deal with north Indias debilitating winter smog. The letter is reproduced below, edited for brevity and style.
Dear Supreme Court:
We, the people, would like to thank you for your concern about the health harm being caused by the toxic levels of air pollution in the entire country, especially in the countrys colder north, now reeling under smog. In this time of a public health emergency, the honourable courts seem to be the only ones to care for our health. For that, we are truly grateful.
However, Indias leading air-pollution scientists and researchers unanimously say outdoor air purifiers are inefficient to the point of being useless. We earnestly request you: please dont direct any governments, local, state or central, to spend public money to purchase expensive smog towers. These are completely useless in bringing down PM2.5 levels by any significant amount, and could even add to pollution when their filters are disposed in our already overflowing landfills, and eventually burnt.
Resources for environmental protection are scarce. Why spend it on ineffective band-aids? Air pollution, specifically the more lethal PM2.5 particulate matter can only be controlled by eliminating emissions at all known sources. Any other way is bound to be inefficient, ineffective and unscientific, and can only buy time but which we are paying with our breaths every day. The air we care about is the air we breathe.
The air flowing through a city is generally of the order of a million to a billion times the volume of air we inhale in the same area, compared to 1,000-10,000 times in a closed room. This is the reason why indoor air purifiers work and outdoor air purifiers dont.
As Joshua Apte, one of Care for Airs international advisers, said, Many professors assign this as homework or exam problems to explore why this approach simply cannot work at scale.
Sarath Guttikunda, a member of Urban Emissions (as well as the Care for Air group), described a back-of-the-envelope calculation for outdoor air-cleaning:
Delhis airshed is approximately 80 km x 80 km. If we assume Delhi is a box (like a room), atmospheric height is at least 1 km (and up to 3 km in the summer). Lets assume an average wind speed of 2 m/s (direction is irrelevant). So in any given hour, the amount of air passing through the city is 5.76 billion m3 per hr. The capacity of the smog tower in Xian, China, is a fraction of that, at 460,000 m3 per hr. Even assuming 100% efficiency of the tower at all times, it can purify only 0.00007233796% of the air every hour. In sharp contrast, capturing all emissions at one outlet, say, a cement-making unit or coal-fired power plant will mean zero emission at source i.e., 100% efficiency.
Please, honourable judges, help save our public money for more useful ways to clean our air. Like the odd-even road rationing scheme did nothing to reduce air pollution, smog towers also wont have any impact. But, again like the odd-even scheme, the best one can expect from smog towers is better public awareness of air pollution and political mileage. Worse, in the case of smog towers, the only people who will profit will be their manufacturers and sellers.
Outdoor air purifiers are inadvisable. Such installations give citizens a false sense of complacency and assurance, making them feel they are getting healthier and have access to air of better quality. Such populist decisions make the people feel that the government is doing something positive to solve this giant problem. It becomes very difficult to oppose them in spite of the science and evidence pointing clearly to their ineffectiveness.
As Dr Randeep Guleria, director of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, recently said about masks, smog towers provide more reassurance than actual protection. At this point of a health emergency, we need much more than reassurance. We need action and not just any action. We need strong action that yields the desired result: a real and significant reduction in PM2.5 levels.
As an organisation, we have also checked with an independent scientist and consultant closely involved with government efforts in China, and who reconfirmed that smog towers there are used more for awareness than for actual results.
There is a consensus among air quality scientists that any outdoor air-cleaning approach is unlikely to be effective, regardless of the specific technology used, according to Apte.
Some cities have already made this colossal mistake and wasted not just public money but also CSR money, as we have read in news reports. The Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palikes well-meaning but foolish decision to install air purifiers at busy traffic intersections is a complete waste of both public and CSR resources. Mumbai and Delhi also placed purifiers on roads with no results.
For some reason, the misconception that outdoor air-purifiers can clean the air never seems to die away. We feel it is because people are beginning to understand the health harm caused by toxic air and are keen to find quick solutions, or at least a shortcut, to improve air quality.
The only solution to air pollution for the honourable court to act on is to control emissions at sources. Please be assured that China and other countries havent brought their pollution down by using smog towers. Instead, they have strengthened and enforced industrial emissions standards, phased out small and/or outdated outdated factories, promoted clean fuels, strengthened vehicle emission standards and encouraged the use of public transportation.
Honourable judges, please allow one of our experts come and present to you more specific reasons for why smog towers dont work efficiently, and why this is not the way to go. Our experts can also respectfully offer some concrete suggestions on how the honourable court can issue urgent directions to reduce pollution by controlling emissions from all sectors that contribute to it.
Today, we request you to prevent public money from being wasted in such populist and ineffective strategies that arent backed by science, data and evidence.
Care For Air
Mission: Clean Air for All
Care for Airs governing board consists of Abhishek Bhartia (Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research), Amrita Bahl, Barun Aggarwal, Bhargav Krishna (senior air pollution scientist at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health), Chetan Bhattacharji (Managing Editor, NDTV), Gopal Sankaranarayanan, (Senior Advocate, Supreme Court), Jyoti Pande Lavakare (President, Care for Air), and Manjali Khosla. Our scientific advisers are Sarath Guttikunda, co-director of Urban Emissions (India), Joshua Apte at the University of Texas (USA) and Pawan Gupta, senior scientist at NASA. Apte and Gupta advise us in their personal capacities.
Read the whole article at thewire.in
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Last Friday, the Life Cube burned in the middle of Las Vegas. The flames carried 35,000 wishes written by the public up into the heavens.
Artist Scott Cohen has built and destroyed The Life Cube Project on the playa for a few years running, and now he's brought its message into the default world. Anyone who passed by the structure before the burn was able to write down their wishes, and Cohen also brought cards to local elementary schools. DaveX (Burning Man's Fire Art Safety Team manager) said his favorite of the kids' wishes was "I want a gold monster truck." He and a few other veteran Burners were on hand to make sure the Life Cube burned safely — including the inimitable Flash Hopkins, who emceed the proceedings.
Thanks for sharing this post. it was fun and a very meaningful time creating a Life Cube in Las Vegas.
I got some amazing pictures of the Life Cube event and burn on my Flickr. Enjoy!!
Huge fan or your photos and your amazing talent Aaron.
Thank you skeeter for chasing a dream that I could share with you! Love you!!!!
Thanks TK. May all your dreams come true.


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Girl who killed parents says she's happy in prison
Bruce Vielmetti
The Rhinelander area teen who killed her mother and stepfather in their home in 2015, says she's happy in prison, knowing she and her small sisters are now safe.
Ashlee Martinson made the comments in a phone interview with Crime Watch Daily, a syndicated daytime television show which says its story about Martinson will be featured Tuesday. The show airs locally at 1 p.m. on WITI-TV, Channel 6.
According to the show, Martinson's comments included these:
"I wish people could have met Thomas Ayers the way he really was. Then, people would know he was the monster…I was afraid we were all going to get killed by him,"
"I'm happy. I'm happy because I'm getting help right now. My sisters are safe. And I know this sounds crazy, because I'm in prison, but I feel like I'm free. I can have an opinion now. I can have my own thoughts. I can wake up every day and know that I am safe,"
Martinson also told the show that a blog she wrote under the name "Vampchick," which helped draw a lot more national attention to her crime at first, was just her effort to explore writing and make a name online, and not a sign of homicidal intentions.
Martinson has said she suffered abuse from her stepfather and that her mother did nothing to stop it.
Martinson had just turned 17 in March 2015 when she shot her stepfather Thomas H. Ayers, 37, at the family's home in rural Piehl. She then stabbed her mother, 40-year-old Jennifer Ayers to death before locking her young half siblings in a bedroom with crackers and snacks while she left the state with her boyfriend.
The couple was arrested in Indiana the night of March 8, 2015. The boyfriend, Ryan Sisco was not implicated in the deaths but did plead no contest to having sex with a child 16 or older, a misdemeanor.
Oneida County prosecutors originally charged Martinson with two counts of first-degree intentional homicide but allowed her to plead to second-degree intentional homicide because they were convinced that Martinson "acted under the influence of adequate provocation" and suffered a "complete loss of self control."
Martinson, now 19, was sentenced in June to 23 years in prison and is currently serving her time at Taycheedah Correctional Institution.
Crime Watch Daily, now in its second season, is hosted by Chris Hansen, famous for luring men into what they thought are sexual encounters with underage girls, only to be confronted on camera by Hansen for the NBC show, "To Catch a Predator." NBC parted ways with Hansen in 2013

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Emory University did not admit a student from the state of Montana this year.
The admissions figures are in the books for Emory University's Class of 2023. In all, 30,017 students applied for admission to Emory this year — a 9% increase over the total pool of applicants to Emory's Class of 2022. The 30,017 tally is a figure that includes Early Decision I (ED I applications set a new benchmark this year), Early Decision II, and Regular Decision applicants. Admitted students hail from 49 of the 50 states (you can bet Emory would have loved to admit a student from that 50th state — Montana!) and admits hold citizenship to 106 countries. 442 of these students will be the first in their families to attend college. 32% are underrepresented minorities. Admits hail from 2,562 high schools all around the world.
Congratulations to all students who earned admission to Emory's Class of 2023! Maybe next year, the university will be able to find a student deserving of admission from the great state of Montana!


Xelorians is a highly dynamic fast paced shoot'em up inspired by arcade shmup console games of the 90s.
Collect everything from the rotating white rings.
Collect yellow Xelor crystals to upgrade your weapon damage.
If you like games like Radiant, Tyrian, AirAttack, 1942, 1943, Siberian Strike, iFighter, Air Strike, Flying Shark, DoDonPachi, R-Type, Gradius, Espgaluda, Swiv, Sky Force, Asteroids, Shogun, Bullet Shooter, Warblade,Sector Strike,Battleray Starfighter, this game is for you.
This is a tribute to the game Tyrian for PC.


Float Leakage Sensor (FLS): a small internal float switch is used to detect the presence of water in the stator chamber. When activated and wired to a Mini CAS, the FLS will send an alarm and if desired, stop the motor.
Leakage Sensor Detector Circuit: The FLS must be connected to a patented Mini CAS (Control and Status) monitoring unit mounted in the control panel.


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Hassan Jumaa Awad: Working class hero facing jail for oil union organizing
Apr 6, 2013 • 4:47 pm • by Kevin
Hassan Jumaa speaking into the megaphone
Hassan Jumaa, leader of the Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions is facing a potential jail sentence when he faces a Basra court on Sunday 14th of April for 'Overstepping the Duties of a Public Official'. His 'crime' is organising protests and building union strength in opposition to oil privatisation and also for standing up to anti-union Baath regime legislation which the Occupation and successive Iraqi governments have upheld since 2003. Ewa Jasiewicz, who worked with Platform on the Hands Off Iraqi Oil campaign has written a guest blog on her friendship with Hassan, and what people can do to support him and the struggle of other Iraqi union workers facing repression. Please get your union or organisation to support him and the Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions's struggle for Iraqi self-determination
I first met Hassan 10 years ago in Basra. It was six months since the invasion and the fall of some echelons of the regime – others were being recycled into the service of the Occupation. Id heard about strikes in the Oil Sector and travelled down to Basra to check out was happening. I was excited that class struggle was challenging imperialism in such a direct and collective and open way, after so many decades of repressive dictatorship.
But I was wary. Who was behind these unions? Were there Baathists at the helm? What were their politics? Baathist yellow unions were still around and I had no intention of supporting them. Meeting Hassan and the other men and women fronting up the Southern Oil Company Union I was struck by the diversity of the steering committee. Communists, Islamists, younger and older activists. All were anti-regime – Hassan himself had been jailed three times under Saddam – and all were anti-occupation. They knew exactly what the invasion had been focused on – oil, support for Israel, widening western influence in the region, weakening Iran, imposing corporate rule and fomenting sectarianism to achieve this.
Hassan's wife was Sunni, he was Shia. This had never come up in all the months I spent with his family – six children, 3 boys and 3 girls – during the many evenings in his humble, deteriorating stone house in Jhoumouria, a working class district in Northern Basra. We drank sweet thick tea, boiled on the stove all day, and ate fresh naan-like bread with fried-to-a-pulp tomatoes. We talked about the new Bremer Orders, anti-union managers, how to garner international support, how to organise, what was Privatisation going to mean? And about the Baathist security apparatus employees that were now working as security guards for the new mercenary companies crawling all over Iraq.
I found out about the 'difference' between Abu and Om Ali when were on a trip to Scotland to meet Fire Brigades Union leaders. Hassan joked that under the occupation administration's agenda, he should kill his wife ! Such was the level of sectarian rhetoric and policy being pushed in the country. For Hassan and the SOC Union, unity at work and unity nationwide were key priorities. It was common to hear 'We do not recognise these categories, Sunna and Shia, the Occupation brought them – we are Iraqis'.
Hassan enjoyed his visits to the UK. He stayed in my home when I lived in Manchester and we visited Manchester United's Old Trafford stadium where his message of support in Arabic can still be found in the visitor's book. Comrades from the then Transport and General Workers Union in Salford were fascinated by him. 'Whass his name again? Nessun Dorma?' The nickname stuck.
From an original founding membership of about a hundred, the Union grew to a federation of over 23,000 workers. Links were made with unions in the Kurdish north. Joint co-ordinating meetings became common-place. Anti-privatisation conferences where papers examining the agendas of the likes of Shell and BP were presented and links with international trade unions and NGOs were developed.
The SOC Union grew to become the General Union of Oil Employees and later the Iraqi Federation of Oil Unions and a front of working class resistance to the western aims of privatising and controlling Iraq's oil. An Oil Law, part drafted by and hard-lobbied for by the biggest oil companies in the world, has still not been passed, due to popular resistance. Oil experts, some political parties and Islamic scholars had their role in making sure it would not pass but it was also the visible, loud and determined street and workplace protests of the oil and other trade unions that established a public, common interest in keeping Iraq's oil in the hands of the Iraqi people.
The Production Sharing Agreement – the PSA – is an unknown entity in the UK and arguably all over the world, but a household terms and a red hot potato in Iraq. The neutral and fluffy sounding contract that private oil companies crave to secure decades of control over public resources became emblazoned across banners and placards all over the country, in large part due to awareness raising by the IFOU, with the help of social justice and environmental campaigners from the global North, like Platform in London. Who would have thought that this secretive, codified, technocratic 'thing' that is the PSA was become a shouted-out, negated, we-know-your-game public enemy?
Abu Ali, or Hassan Jumaa, was a well respected figure in the community, as someone who had supported the families and widows of those killed under the Baath regime and in the wars with Iran and the West. He was often inscrutable. Never a word wasted. Every word counted under the regime because the wrong one could be your last one. He played his cards close to his chest. But he also had a killer sense of humour and was often hilarious and irreverent. For some in Basra he was an ardent communist, for others, an Islamist. Rumours flew. But to me, and so many others, he was and is, a working class hero, a community, workplace and country-wide activist for social and economic justice and liberation.
Real liberation, human, class-struggle liberation that sees all resources and the environment as a commons to be respected. These were and are the politics of the IFOU – developed through an understanding of Iraq's anti-colonial history, Islamic economics and Islamic social principles, communism and on-the-ground organising in the face of dictatorship, war and occupation. These are the politics – the politics of a commons – that are so dangerous to Power which seeks to dominate, divide and denigrate people who get 'in the way' of capital. It's no wonder that the Iraqi government, the subcontractor of Western imperialism, is cracking down on mass, participatory movements – like the trade union movement – that challenges its' anti-social agenda.
Last week, I met an Iraqi shop-owner in Warsaw, we had a chat over the cumin and dates. We talked about his family in Baghdad, and how bad the situation was. I told him about the Union and Hassan and how he might end up in Jail. Saeed, the shop owner, was not shocked. 'For challenging the oil companies? Of course he is going to Jail, aaadi, normal'. I looked back at him glumly. He continued, matter-of-fact but up-beat. 'No really, it's normal, he will go, directly, ah, but its ok'.
The 'ok' being the so common 'T'awodna' – 'we got used to it' ethos – that you hear all over the Arab world in response to bloody and harrowing struggles that never end, and which steadfastness holds out over. But it isnt ok. And there's a real risk it will happen.
Dozens of unions worldwide have endorsed the solidarity pledge for Hassan, thousands have signed a petition and there was a snowy protest at the Iraqi embassy in Warsaw (a one-woman protest if I'm honest. My Polish friends joked this a 'medium sized protest for Poland. A small one is just over facebook and the web. Nah you did well' they said). There will be solidarity observers at Hassan's trial and his comrades in all Union in Iraq will be watching too. The story should be news but the 'what bleeds leads' agenda still rules when it comes to the Mainstream Media.
We need to be prepared for more punitive and repressive actions against trade unionists in Iraq and to respond to them with solidarity and support. The game of divide and rule is still being violently played out on the bodies and in the communities of ordinary people all over the country. Death and imprisonment are still key tools of censorship in the hands of Iraq's and all governments. The battle for justice and liberation is far from over and we can't forget the working class heroes in Iraq still fighting the occupation of capital and designs of imperial powers.
SHOW YOUR SUPPORT: Get your organisation or union to sign on to US Labor Against War's letter to the Iraqi Prime Minister
Protest at your local Iraqi Embassy, and let us know about it!
Ewa writes: I spent 9 months living in Occupied Iraq from June 2003-February 2004 organising against occupation and supporting emergent grassroots civil society groups, including unions. I worked with Voices in the Wilderness and Occupation Watch. After my time in Basra with the SOC Union, the Union made me their International Representative (!) and my role was to develop international support and links for the Union. In the UK I was part of the Naftana (Our Oil) support committee for the Union and also worked on the Hands Off Iraqi Oil campaign which was a coalition of five different organisations in the UK.
Places: Iraq
Issues: Repression
Tags: hands off iraqi oil, solidarity, trade unions


The sound it video has been trending on cable TV. It is now available online. It was directed by Clarence A. Peters.
Mavin Records new sensation, Di'ja has dropped a video for her Itunes topping single, Awww Watch and enjoy!


Our MOTs are extremely competitively priced and carried out to the highest standards. An annual MOT test is a legal requirement (for vehicles over 3 years old) and ensures your car meets the minimum standards of roadworthiness - keeping you and other motorists safe.
No re-test fees - If your vehicle fails its MOT with us, we'll quote you the price to put it right. No re-test fee applies if you choose us to carry out the repairs. A £10 re-test fee is charged if the vehicle is repaired elsewhere (must be returned within 10 working days).
No trivial failures - If something minor crops up (like a blown bulb for example) we'll repair it during the MOT test inspection process - avoiding needless failures.
No obligation quotation for any repairs - In the worst case, should you need some repair work in order to pass the MOT, we'll provide you with a written, fixed price, quotation before undertaking any work. The quote is without obligation and you are free to take the vehicle elsewhere for repair if you prefer (repairs elsewhere incur a £10 re-test fee and must be returned for re-testing within 10 working days).
MOT whilst you wait - An MOT test takes about an hour. You are welcome to wait with us (where you can view the MOT process) and you can book a slot of your choosing (no need to wait around all day).
Notification & reminders - As soon as your test is complete - pass or fail - we'll call/email you straight away to let you know the result. We also send you a free courtesy reminder via text approximately 30 days before your MOT is due to expire next year (unless you change your number).
It's fast and easy. Just enter your reg number and then choose your service!


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Coronavirus Outbreak: Debunking superstition, social media rumours and challenging unscientific temperament need of hour
The 21-day lockdown announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is not going to be just a fight against the coronavirus, but also superstition, rumours and an unscientific temperament among many Indians that is complicating the already uphill task.
FP Staff March 26, 2020 13:37:31 IST
The 21-day lockdown announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi is not going to be just a fight against the coronavirus , but also superstition, rumours and an unscientific temperament among many Indians that is complicating the already uphill task.
Coronavirus Outbreak Debunking superstition social media rumours and challenging unscientific temperament need of hour" width="380" height="285" />
Before Modi made the announcement, a series of measures were taken to spread awareness about social distancing, scientific understanding and the Janta curfew. But reports from far-flung parts of India — a country already divided by by differences in income, education and geography — emerged that the people were behaving in away that contradicted the essence of this messaging.
Click here to follow LIVE updates on coronavirus outbreak
Amid calls by state governments and medical professionals for social distancing, many Indians indulged in behaviour that challenged the basic norms of public health. Soon after the news of the coronavirus , a right-wing group called Hindu Mahasabha organised a gaumutra (cow urine) party.
Hindu Mahasabha president Chakrapani Maharaj said that there would be gaumutra counters and incense sticks made of cow dung at the event to drive away the coronavirus . He also claimed the virus would not affect vegetarians and called on public figures eating meat to apologise to the virus.
Facebook pages were flooded with videos claiming the pandemic was nature's revenge on mankind for eating non-vegetarian food. The Wuhan market in China, thought to be the epicentre of the disease, was the reason cited for this.
Instead of observing precautions to prevent the spread of the virus, some performed pujas. In Agra, prayers were offered to the Yamuna river, which according to Hindu mythology is the sister of Yama, the god of death. There were also reports of a puja where an effigy of the virus was "fed" halwa puri to satiate its hunger.
Some religious preachers, in clips circulating on social media, claimed God sent the coronavirus to punish and destroy their enemies.
Soon after the outbreak Assam health minister Himanta Biswa Sarma appealed to Muslims not to congregate in mosques. Though this appeal was received well by many, others were hostile. In many parts of the state, Muslim men took part in processions claiming this appeal was a "threat" to Islam.
One of the most egregious examples came on the day of Modi's Janta curfew. The people of India were supposed to observe a self-imposed curfew and express gratitude for health workers rising their lives by clapping and banging pots and pans. But in many parts of the nation, many took to the streets in large numbers to sing and dance, thus undoing all the benefits of the curfew.
The fight ahead isn't just against a virus, but also a part of India itself.
Updated Date: March 26, 2020 13:49:45 IST
Bjp Mla
Coornavirus
Coronavirus Cases In India
Coronavirus Cure
Bharat Biotech receives order for additional 45 lakh vaccine doses of Covaxin from govt
Of the 45 lakh doses, over 8 lakh will be supplied to countries such as Mauritius, Philippines and Myanmar, free of cost as a goodwill gesture
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The decision puts a doubt over next weekend's scheduled third round of games and a meeting to discuss this year's Six Nations, set to start on 6 February
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The case was reported two weeks after the Lakshadweep administration revised SOPs by doing away with mandatory quarantine guidelines for those arriving from Kochi
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Today, while India has the second highest number of cases after the US and third highest deaths after the US and Brazil, it has one of the lowest per capita cases and deaths
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A total of 27 riders plus 32 staff of the UAE Emirates cycling team were vaccinated in Abu Dhabi.
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Britain on Friday reported a record 1,325 deaths over a 24-hour period from people testing positive for COVID-19 as overstretched health services struggled to cope.
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Liverpool are expected to be without Virgil van Dijk and Joe Gomez for the rest of the season, while Joel Matip is also currently sidelined leaving Klopp without a senior recognised centre-back.


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The Godfather Part II - 50th Anniversary at Academy Cinemas
SUN 6 MAR
Coming Soon to
Academy Cinemas
Directed by Francis Ford Coppola
Starring John Cazale, Talia Shire, Lee Strasberg, G.D. Spradlin, Michael V. Gazzo, Robert De Niro, Robert DuVall, Al Pacino, Diane Keaton
The early life and career of Vito Corleone in 1920s New York City is portrayed, while his son, Michael, expands and tightens his grip on the family crime syndicate.
202 mins | Rated PG (Violence) | Crime
Directed by Francis Ford Coppola | Starring John Cazale, Talia Shire, Lee Strasberg, G.D. Spradlin, Michael V. Gazzo, Robert De Niro, Robert DuVall, Al Pacino, Diane Keaton


advertising Archives - EACA Inspire!
250 young professionals in the European advertising industry have completed the 2017 European Advertising Certificate (EAC) exam with 93% achieving passes, continuing the success of previous years. 27 papers (12%) were awarded distinctions, which is 2% up on the percentage for last year.
After following a 30 hour online course, the 250 learners took a 3-hour written exam on 26 April 2017, organised in 20 countries across Europe. They answered 5 out of 10 questions in essay style in English about the following seven modules: Advertising and Communication in Context; Understanding Client Business; The Strategic Planner's Toolkit; Client, Creative and Media Briefs; Understanding Media Channels; Creativity and Creative Development; and Effectiveness.
The Certificate provides students with a broad understanding of the advertising industry, offering them a comprehensive overview of industry practices and brand communication processes. It is the first pan-European qualification that builds on professional experiences while focusing on future careers. The programme was designed with a European audience in mind with help from the European Union Leonardo programme and is based on the proven IPA Foundation Certificate.
The European Advertising Certificate is the first remote learning program produced by the European Association of Communications Agencies (EACA) which aims to enhance the knowledge of young professionals, with at least two years of experience, so that they can perform their roles with confidence and expertise. The programme is available to EACA members for a fee of €250 per delegate. Non-members are also encouraged to participate.
Registrations for the next generation of EAC young professionals opens early next year, and the exam will take place in April 2018.
Ten student teams from across Europe have been selected to compete in the second round of the 10th annual Ad Venture Student Competition, organised by edcom (European Institute for Commercial Communications Education). The top ten finalists are from the UK (three teams), Belgium (three teams), France (two teams), Romania (one team) and Germany (one team).
This year's edition, thanks to the collaboration of the European Women's Lobby, invited participants to create an original and strong advertising campaign which represents the progress for women´s human rights over the last decades. Following the announcement, during the last months more than 60 teams worked hard to submit the most effective and creative campaign to impress a jury formed by experts from the advertising industry, client representative and edcom academics.
The ten finalists' campaigns will now be examined by a new panel of six judges: two academics, two industry professionals and two client representatives. The jury will choose the top three finalists, who will present their work during the edcom Member's Meeting on 19 May 2017 in Lisbon, Portugal. They will have to justify why they should be the winners of the valuable experience of participating in the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity 2017.
The Ad Venture Student Competition was launched in 2008 and has been an invaluable opportunity for young students in commercial communications to gain an understanding of what it is like to work in an agency and working for meaningful clients such as the European Commission, EDAA, ESA or the European Women's Lobby. In this year´s edition, edcom wants to help to make the European population aware of women´s movement history and to participate in a debate that concerns the whole society.


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Sydney FC sign new striker
@SydneyFC 1438580764
Sydney FC have secured the services of towering striker Matt Simon on a one-year deal for the upcoming Hyundai A-League season.
Simon, who is a free agent, penned a contract with the Sky Blues on Monday afternoon following a two week trial with the club, during which he scored and assisted in their pre-season victory against Macarthur Rams.
The 29 year old has made over 150 appearances in the Hyundai A-League and is the Central Coast Mariners' record goal scorer with 45 goals.
"I'm excited to have signed for Sydney FC and I'm hugely thankful to have been given the opportunity by the club," Simon said.
"Last season was a tough year, I missed all of pre-season due to personal reasons and had a couple of injuries towards the end of the year, so was disappointed to be released.
"I see this as a fresh start and with a full pre-season under my belt, I'm confident I can produce my best form playing for one of Australia's premier clubs.
"Competing for three trophies, including the Asian Champions League was a huge lure in joining Sydney FC and I can't wait to play in front of their fantastic Members and fans at Allianz Stadium."
Coach Graham Arnold praised the signing and said he was pleased to have Simon within the Sky Blues ranks.
"Matt is quality player and has exceptional personal attributes as well. He gives us something completely different to what we already have up front and he has done extremely well for us in the last two weeks," Arnold said.
"He is aggressive and strong, his attitude is first class and I'm sure he'll be a success at Sydney FC this season.
"Competing across three competitions this year we need depth across all parts of the field and I'm confident he will complement our squad."
Simon will go straight into the Sky Blues squad to face Sorrento FC in the Westfield FFA Cup on Wednesday night (kick off 8.30pm AEDT), alongside youngster Max Burgess who returns as part of the Cup squad and the Foxtel National Youth League competition following a brief spell at the Newcastle Jets at the end of season 2014/15.


I did this at Tarsye.
I started talking to some people about a case study about YouTubers. Which it turned out that people liked it. Then I started a collaborative book with experts talking about the relationship between brands and YouTubers, and that was when people started to be interested in this idea and my point of view against the TV practices on YouTube. Finally, the idea forced me to turn it into something bigger: a movement.
And for your project is the same.
Find a thread and pull it to see where it goes.
This has to start small and see if people join you, not otherwise.
Start small and think big.


text:
Cotoneaster horizontalis est le nom scientifique du cotonéaster horizontal (ou cotonéaster rampant).

Originaire de Chine, c'est une espèce de la famille des Rosacées, utilisée comme plante ornementale et couvre-sol, sur certains talus urbains et routiers notamment.

Étymologie et histoire de la nomenclature
Le nom de genre Cotoneaster est composé du latin cotoneum « coing » (du grec χυδώνια khudônia) et suffixe -aster « comme » indiquant une ressemblance imparfaite, parce que les fruits du cotonéaster sont légèrement toxiques et sans intérêt gustatif..

L'épithète spécifique horizontalis vient du latin horizon, -ontis terme d'astronomie usité au sens de « borne de la vue » horizon et de talis « de ce genre ».

Le Cotoneaster horizontalis, facilement reconnaissable à l'architecture en arête de poisson de ses rameaux, est une des multiples plantes d'intérêt horticole découverte par le père David en Chine. Il découvrit cette espèce à Moupin à l'époque situé dans le Tibet oriental, maintenant intégré dans la province chinoise du Sichuan, lors du séjour qu'il fit dans cette zone montagneuse en 1869.

Il a été décrit par le botaniste Joseph Decaisne en 1877, non pas à partir des feuilles d'herbier, mais à partir de plantes vivantes du Jardin des Plantes qui venaient de la culture des graines envoyées par le père David, probablement de Moupin.

C. horizontalis fut introduit en culture en 1885 par Francisque Morel (1849-1925), un pépiniériste, botaniste et hybrideur de Lyon. L'attrait de sa floraison rose et blanche, suivie de nombreuses baies rouge vif, persistant durant l'hiver, lui a assuré une reconnaissance rapide comme plante ornementale de grand intérêt.

Description

Petit arbuste rampant à feuillage caduc, dépassant rarement  de haut, il a cependant la faculté d'escalader un mur jusqu'à un mètre ou  de hauteur.

Du pied partent en arcs quelques branches principales, agrémentées de très nombreux rameaux serrés, qui donnent une forme d'arêtes de poisson.

Les feuilles, portées par des pétioles de , comportent un limbe suborbiculaire ou largement elliptique, rarement obovale, de  de long sur  de large, à base cunéiforme, avec un sillon médian bien marqué, de couleur vert brillant soutenu.

La fleur de  de diamètre comporte un hypanthe campanulé, 5 sépales triangulaires à apex aigu, 5 pétales dressés, roses, rougeâtres ou blanchâtres, de 3-4 x , ca. 12 étamines plus courts que les pétales. Au printemps, l'arbuste est recouvert d'une multitude de petits boutons de fleurs rose foncé ou rouges, mellifères, qui attirent en nombre papillons, guêpes, bourdons et surtout abeilles.

Le fruit à pépins de type drupe est rouge vif, subglobuleux ou ellipsoïde, de  de diamètre.

Distribution et habitat
Le Cotoneaster horizontalis est originaire de Chine (Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang), de Taiwan et du Népal.

Il croît dans les fourrés, sur les rochers, les pentes rocheuses, des régions montagneuses sèches, de  à  d'altitude.

Culture

L'attrait du cotonéaster horizontal tient à ses branches disposées en arêtes de poisson, ses fleurs blanc rosé suivies de fruits rouge vif, persistant pendant l'hiver, produisant un bel effet décoratif sur les rameaux nus.

À la fin de l'été, chaque fleur est transformée en une baie rouge vif qui perdurera jusqu'en plein hiver, à moins que les oiseaux, tels que les merles par exemple, friands de ce mets, ne l'engloutissent prématurément. Avec l'automne et la baisse de l'ensoleillement, ses petites feuilles vireront vers des teintes orangées, rouges ou pourpre avant de tomber en hiver, révélant dans son intégralité l'architecture en arête de poisson de la plante.

Le cotonéaster horizontal se satisfait de toutes sortes de terrains, même les plus ingrats. La présence de calcaire dans le sol lui est indifférente.

Variétés :
 Cotoneaster horizontalis var. horizontalis ;
 Cotoneaster horizontalis var. perpusillus (publication en 1906 par C.K. Schneider) ;
 il existe aussi une variété  Cotoneaster horizontalis « Variegatus » ou Cotonéaster rampant panaché qui accuse quelques différences notables avec la variété principale : les feuilles vert olive sont bordées de blanc (ou de crème) et sont plus allongées et pointues. Ils sont cultivés comme plantes ornementales, en particulier dans les jardins de rocaille.

Propriétés
Comme beaucoup de Rosacées, il contient des hétérosides cyanogénétiques (feuilles, écorces, fleurs), mais en faible quantité. Il est peu ou pas toxique et ne provoquerait que des troubles digestifs. Les fruits qui sont parfois consommés par les enfants sont encore moins riches en composés cyanogénétiques que le reste de la plante.

Toutefois, le cotonéaster rampant fait l'objet de nombreux appels aux centres antipoison car il s'agit d'une plante ornementale d'extérieur très fréquente.

Espèce potentiellement invasive
Le cotonéaster horizontal s'est naturalisé dans certaines régions de Grande Bretagne.

Cette espèce n'était pas considérée comme invasive, mais une première évaluation de ses capacités invasives a été faite en Belgique, en compilant les bases de données disponibles pour les pelouses, coteaux et prairies calcaires (habitats  reconnus de grande valeur, et souvent points chauds de biodiversité). L'étude visait à caractériser la présence de C. horizontalis, l'état des populations, ses habitats préférés, le degré d'invasion, ses taux de croissance et sa capacité de fructification.
Ce Cotoneaster a été retrouvé dans sept des neuf sites étudiés, avec des densités variant de  par hectare. Dans la plupart des sites où il était présent, une forte proportion de jeunes plantes de petite taille suggère une colonisation importante en cours, et démontre le fait que les capacités de fructification sont importantes (démontrées sur trois ans d'étude).
Les habitats les plus envahis étaient souvent de type Xerobromion mosan, habitats prioritaires pour Natura 2000.
La présence de C. horizontalis a été associée à des changements de structure et de composition des communautés végétales en diminuant la richesse en espèces et la diversité, et en affectant les espèces spécialistes des prairies.
Ces impacts devraient a priori s'intensifier avec le temps et la croissance des populations. L'espèce est maintenant considérée comme invasive en Belgique et en Franche-Comté.

Photos

Notes

Références

Liens externes

Espèce d'Angiospermes (nom scientifique)
Cotoneaster horizontalis
Plante ornementale
Espèce envahissante en Belgique
Flore en Chine

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The iconic "Brady Bunch" home has been taken off the market by HGTV.
Bass took to Instagram on August 4 to announce that his plans of buying the house was halted by an outbid by a Hollywood Studio, that is prepared to pay whatever it costs for the home.
He posted a photo of the home with the caption, "Here's a story… of a shady Brady," along with a lengthy post on how he felt "used" and was very "heartbroken" about his loss. According to reports, HGTV won the bid to purchase the home.
The home hit the market in July. "The Brady Bunch" was about a widower and a divorcee who married to create a blended family. The sitcom aired on ABC in 1969 and ran until 1974. The home is located on 11222 Dilling Street.


text:
Home - Basic_D - District Of Columbia Boards Of Education
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District Of Columbia Boards Of Education: more books (26)
Report by District of Columbia. Board of Education., 2010-07-22
Report of the Board of Education to the Commissioners of the District of Columbia
Report of the Board of Education to the Commissioners of the District of C by District of Columbia. Board of Education, 2009-08-15
Public schools of the District of Columbia. Observance of Lincoln centenary, February 12, 1909
Rules for the government of the public schools of the District of Columbia by District of Columbia. Board of Education, 1907-01-01
Rules for the government of the public schools of the District of Columbia by Cox District of Columbia. Board of education. from old catalog William Van Zandt 1852- from old catalog, 1907-12-31
Course of study by District of Columbia. Board of education. from old catalog, 1909-12-31
Catalogues, course of study, reports and similar publications by District of Columbia. Board of Education, 1892-01-01
In the matter of the investigation of the educational and administrative efficiency of Mr. Roscoe C. Bruce
Outline course of study in history and the other social sciences for the senior and junior high schools,: District of Columbia. Board of education (School document) by D. C Washington, 1933
Report of the Board of Trustees of Public Schools of the District of Columbia to the Honorable Commissioners by Washington D.C., 2010-06-08
Annual Report of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. Vol. IV: Report of the Board of Education for 19001, 1915-1916, 1918/1919. 1919/1920, 1920/1921, 1921/1922.
Annual Report of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. Vol. IV: Report of the Board of Education for 1903 to 1911.
Board of Education: Hearings... by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the District of Columbia. Subcommittee on Education, 1975-01-01
lists with details
The Heritage Foundation: Research: Education: Report Card Report: District Of Co
Report Cards DCSchoolSearch.com; district of columbia Public Schools;Metropolitan Area boards of education Guide (PDF); Washington Post.
http://www.heritage.org/Research/Education/ReportCards/district.cfm
District Of Columbia Public Postsecondary Education Reorganization Act
been effectuated, but in no event shall the boards be abolished of Higher educationand the Vocational Board under the district of columbia Public education
http://www.reeusda.gov/1700/legis/udc.htm
Extractions: District of Columbia Public Postsecondary Education Reorganization Act An Act October 26, 1974, Public Law 93-471, 88 Stat. 1423, D.C. Code 31-1701 et seq. TITLE I-SHORT TITLE, PURPOSES, AND DEFINITIONS SHORT TITLE SEC. 101. This Act may be cited as the "District of Columbia Public Postsecondary Education Reorganization Act". STATEMENT OF PURPOSE SEC. 102. It is the intent of Congress to authorize a public land-grant university through the reorganization of the existing local institutions of public postsecondary education in the District of Columbia. It is the clear and specific intent of the Congress that vocational and technological education, as well as liberal arts, sciences, teacher education, and graduate and postgraduate studies, within the University be given at all times its proper priority in terms of funding with other units within the University, and that the land-grant funds be utilized by the University in accordance with the provisions of the Act of July 2, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 301-305, 307, 308) (known as the First Morrill Act). DEFINITIONS SEC. 103.
The Virtual Schoolhouse's Guide To State Departments Of Education
The Virtual Schoolhouse. State boards of education. Colorado; ConnecticutDanbury Public Schools (Danbury); Delaware; district of columbia;
http://www.ibiblio.org/cisco/schoolhouse/schools/boards/
Extractions: Click on the name of the state to go to that state's Department of Education web site. Alabama Alaska Alaska's Statewide Library Electronic Doorway Arkansas ... Arkansas Public School Computer Network (gopher) Arizona Kyrene School District (Tempe) Sierra Vista Public Schools (Sierra Vista) California Fremont Union High School District (Sunnyvale) Merced County Office of Education (Merced) Montebello Unified School District (Montebello) Scotts Valley Unified School District (Scotts Valley) Colorado Connecticut Danbury Public Schools (Danbury) Delaware District of Columbia Florida Orange County Public Schools (Orange County) St. Johns County School District (St. Augustine) Georgia Hawaii Idaho Colfax School District (Colfax) Ethel Boyes Parent-Teacher Organization (Idaho Falls) Illinois Arthur Community Unit School District #305 (Arthur) Hinsdale Township High School District 86 (Hinsdale) Iroquois-Kankakee Regional Office of Education (Kankakee) Indiana Valparaiso Community School District (Valparaiso) Iowa Kansas Information Network of Kansas Northeast Kansas Education Service Center (Lecompton) Kentucky Jefferson County Public Schools (Louisville) Hopkins County Public Schools (Madisonville) Louisiana Concordia Parish School System (Vidalia) Natchitoches Parish School System (Natchitoches) Maine Auburn School District (Auburn) Maryland Carroll County Public Schools (Westminster) Massachusetts Norfolk Public Schools (Norfolk) Michigan Fremont Public Schools (Fremont) Kalamazoo Public Schools (Kalamazoo)
State Departments Of Education
State boards of education. Colorado; Connecticut Danbury Public SchoolsDanbury Connecticut; Delaware; district of columbia;
http://www.ibiblio.org/cisco/schools/boards.html
Extractions: Click on the name of the state to go to that state's Department of Education web site. Other education-related administrative bodies for that state are listed below. Alabama Alaska Alaska's Statewide Library Electronic Doorway Arkansas ... Arkansas Public School Computer Network (gopher) Arizona Kyrene School District Tempe Arizona - District of 22 schools; information about the district and individual schools as well Sierra Vista Public Schools Sierra Vista Arizona California Fremont Union High School District Sunnyvale California Merced County Office of Education Merced California Montebello Unified School District Montebello California Scotts Valley Unified School District Scotts Valley California Colorado Connecticut Danbury Public Schools Danbury Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Orange County Public Schools Orange County Florida St. Johns County School District St. Augustine Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Colfax School District Colfax Idaho Ethel Boyes Parent-Teacher Organization Idaho Falls Idaho - upcoming events, officers, and contact information Illinois Arthur Community Unit School District #305 Arthur Illinois - "Arthur Community Unit District #305 is a rural K - 12 district serving 450 students."
Boards Of Education
Alberta British columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Calgary Board of education. Calgary Catholic School district Kamloops/Thompson School district 73. Kootenaycolumbia 20
http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/~mpress/edboards.html
Paul education Regional Division 1; St. British columbia Abbotsford School district 34; Alberni School district 70; Arrow Lakes School district 40;
http://www.oise.utoronto.ca/~mpress/eduweb/edboards.html
District Of Columbia: Education
In the district of columbia, two boards authorize and oversee public charter schools the DC Board of education and the
http://www.washingtondc.gov/citizen/charter_schools.htm
Extractions: Public Charter Schools Public charter schools are independent public schools. They are publicly funded, have open enrollment, and are held accountable for achieving outcomes specified in their charters. In the District of Columbia, two boards authorize and oversee public charter schools: the DC Board of Education and the DC Public Charter School Board.
BLOB Watch: District Of Columbia Superintendent's Anti-Charter School Propaganda
stated, a charter school conversion of an existing district of columbia public schoolcan of the Public School System, creating parallel boards of education
http://edreform.com/news/dcanticharter.htm
Extractions: Making Schools Work Better for All Children Below is the text of a flier that was enclosed with a letter, dated December 21, 1999, from Leonard L. Haynes III of the District of Columbia Public Schools, Office of the Superintendent. He writes: To: Neighborhood Advisory Commission Chairpersons Re: Important points on the impact of Charter School Conversions The enclosed information should be of interest. Please share with the members of your Commission and constituents. Sincerely, Leonard L. Haynes III THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF CHARTER AND YOUR COMMUNITY December 1999 - January 2000 Please find below a brief overview of our concerns over the prospects of charter school conversions of District of Columbia Public School buildings. Simply stated, a charter school conversion of an existing District of Columbia public school can mean many or even all of the following: The complete disruption of an existing school for the students, parents and community
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA BOARD OF EDUCATION EIGHTH STATED BOARD MEETING DISTRICT OF
State boards of education. Click on the name of the state to go to that state's Public Schools (Danbury). Delaware. district of columbia. Florida. Orange County Public Schools
http://www.k12.dc.us/dcps/boe/stated_meeting_minutes/2001_04_April.pdf
Maple Square - Education - Educators - Boards Of Education
Canada. Nelson School district Located in Nelson, British columbia.Public School boards\' Association of Alberta -. Rocky
http://www.maplesquare.com/directory/education/educators/boards_of_education/
Extractions: Advertisement Maple Square Education Educators Boards of Education ... Comox Valley School District 71 - 24 schools throughout the Comox Valley area. Fort Nelson School District #81 - Welcome to School District #81, located in Fort Nelson, British Columbia, Canada. Langley School District #35 - Located in Langley, British Columbia, Canada. Nelson School District - Located in Nelson, British Columbia. Rocky View School Division #41 - Located in Calgary, Alberta. Saskatoon Board of Education School District #42 Maple Ridge/ Pitt Meadows - Located in Maple Ridge, British Columbia. St. Albert Protestant School District - The St. Albert Protestant School District is located in the City of St.Albert, Alberta, Canada. The school district is made up of 7 Elementry Schools, 4 Junior High Schools, 2 High Schools, and 2 administrative buildings. The York Region Board of Education Toronto District School Board - The Toronto Board of Education consists of 169 neighbourhood, alternative and special purpose elementary and secondary schools.
STATE BOARDS OF EDUCATION REPORT ON ALTERNATIVE CERTIFICATION REFORMS FOR TEACHE
STATE BOARD OF education ELECTIONS 2002 Elections for state board of education memberswill be held this fall in twelve states and the district of columbia.
http://www.nasbe.org/Archives/2002_state_board_election.html
Extractions: Elections for state board of education members will be held this fall in twelve states and the District of Columbia. Below is a listing of those states conducting elections and, when available, the specific seats for which candidates are running. For more details on the specifics on how each state elects state board members (ie, statewide and/or non-partisan ballot) see our governance at-a-glance chart at
| W O R L D B O O K
US State Departments and boards of education. Alabama Alabama State Department ofeducation http//www.alsde.edu/. district of columbia district of columbia
http://www2.worldbook.com/educators/pro_links_us_03.asp
Request Transmittal to Jurisdiction of district of columbia. INITIAL REGISTRATION(Questions 112), 1, Is there a residency requirement? No. education, 2, Must
http://www.ncarb.org/stateboards/regboards.asp?Boardname=DC
Special Education News -- District Of Columbia News
Bulletin boards Shopping Classifieds Calendar About Us. district of columbiaflag district of columbia news info, state calendar button
http://www.specialednews.com/states/dc/dc.html
LegalTrek - District Of Columbia
Government Law Libraries education Groups Journals of columbiaAdministrative Agencies See also district of columbia boards Commissions
http://www.legaltrek.com/HELPSITE/States/State_Contents/District_of_Columbia.htm
Extractions: Boards and Commissions, Office of Elections and Ethics, Board of Real Property Assessments and Appeals, Board of (DC BRPAA) ... Zoning Adjustment, Board of Advisory Commissions Advisory Neighborhood Commission 1-C Adams Morgan Advisory Neighborhood Commission 1-D Sheridan-Kalorama Advisory Neighborhood Commission 1-E Mount Pleasant Advisory Neighborhood Commission 2-E Foxhall Advisory Neighborhood Commission 2-F Logan Circle Advisory Neighborhood Commission 3-B Glover Park Advisory Neighborhood Commission 3-C Advisory Neighborhood Commission 3-D Palisades Advisory Neighborhood Commission 3-F Forest Hills and North Cleveland Park
British Columbia Sites
Special education Association of British columbia. School boards. QualicumSchool district. Quesnel School district. Revelstoke School district.
http://www.cepan.ca/sites/bc.html
Extractions: British Columbia School Boards Abbotsford School District Alberni School District Arrow Lakes School District Boundary School District ... Prince Rupert School District Educational Organizations Advanced Education Council of British Columbia British Columbia Centre for International Education British Columbia Confederation of Parent Advisory Councils British Columbia Public School Employers' Association ... Special Education Association of British Columbia School Boards Qualicum School District Quesnel School District Revelstoke School District Richmond School District ... Policy Manuals for British Columbia Are we missing a school board or educational organization you know about? Let us know about it and we'll add it to our directory! CEPAN Information Discussion Search ... Site Map
In the district of columbia, two boards authorize and oversee public charterschools the DC Board of education and the DC Public Charter School Board.
http://www.dc.gov/citizen/charter_schools.htm
5/1/00 -- Organizations For Employers -- Teacher Jobs
representing professional standards boards, commissions, and state departmentsof education across America including the district of columbia and the US
http://www.edweek.org/jobs/jobstory.cfm?slug=01empl_orgs.h01
Commission On Presidential Debates: Voter Education
district/Territory boards of Elections. district of columbia Board of Electionsand Ethics 441 4th NW Suite 250 Washington, DC 20001 (202) 727-2525.
http://www.debates.org/pages/statebrd.html
FCLB Continuing Education Requirements
We hope this will ease the administrative burden on our member regulatory boards,although the boards would retain the option of district of columbia.
http://www.fclb.org/uscereq.htm
Extractions: Excerpted from the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards' current Official Directory This information was compiled from the current FCLB Official Directory and based on information about CE requirements as provided to the FCLB by each individual state's licensing board. Contact the state licensing boards for details. The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards does not interpret state law, nor is it responsible for errors or omissions in information provided by the member boards. The FCLB has not taken an official position on whether CE should be required nor the minimum number of recommended hours. In a recent survey, FCLB found doctors of chiropractic are required to have a certain number of hours of continuing education in order to qualify for licensure renewal in most US jurisdictions. Currently, New Jersey does not have continuing education requirements and New York requires only a one-time two hour course in reporting child abuse. All 49 other US jurisdictions require CE (including District of Columbia). The average number of hours across the reporting jurisdictions which require CE is 17.5 hours per year, with a low of 10 hours and high of 50 hours per year (the two states which require 50 hours are Kansas and Illinois, where the boards regulate both DC's and MD's). By far the most common CE requirement is 12 hours per year, with 23 chiropractic boards requiring this number.


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text:
Clinically Packaged
John Spitzley and Curt Larsen of the Institute of Packaging Professionals tell PCI about the latest trends in medical device packaging.
cmsadmin
The business of packaging medical devices is constantly changing. Not only are the materials used to pack devices becoming stronger, thinner, more protective and more flexible almost by the year, but the medical device regulators around the world are close, finally, to agreeing on international standards for the packaging of medical devices.
These standards will not only cover the actual packaging and labelling, they will also set out standards for testing the efficacy of the packaging and the methods used to produce it. What the industry wants is to have a regulatory system based on meeting performance standards rather than satisfying the regulators' random testing of samples or lots.
The packaging of sterile medical devices is an unusual branch of the packaging industry. Medical device packagers are subject to tight regulatory standards that are aimed at ensuring the highest possible standard of care for the patient.
Unlike most forms of packaging, the package in which the medical device is transported and distributed serves little marketing function. Its main functions are as a communications tool and to protect the sterile package. On the other hand, the packaging around medical devices has to be perfect.
'We cannot afford any failures,' says John Spitzley. Spitzley is currently Medtronic's fellow, packaging, and along with Curt Larsen, from DuPont Medical Packaging and Spartan Design Group, he has been heavily involved in the drive to set and raise the quality of international standards for medical equipment packaging.
In 2002, Larsen and Spitzley set up the Institute of Packaging Professional's (IoPP) Medical Device Packaging Technical Committee, which they now co-chair. The committee has set up several task forces to deal with issues in medical packaging.
Those failures in packaging that do occur are, in Spitzley and Larsen's experience, usually the result of human error. 'The recalls are mostly down to human error, generally to do with the labelling,' Larsen says. 'I can't recall the last time there was a recall because of a problem with the actual packaging materials. The materials used in the medical device industry are extremely robust, and research shows that the failure rate is less than one in one million packages.'
The big difference, however, between medical device packaging and other branches of the packaging industry is the role the regulators play. Over the past 30 years, the industry has been shaped by the FDA. The FDA takes an interest in all aspects of medical device packaging from material selection, design and manufacturing to labelling and sterilisation.
Labelling for medical devices is crucial. The labelling has not only to identify what is in the package but also clearly set out instructions for its storage and use. Yet medical devices range from disposable items such as surgical gloves and catheters to life-saving devices such as pacemakers.
'Often there are unique device requirements,' says Larsen. Sterilisation is also an important issue in medical device packaging. 'There are more and more devices where sterilisation is an issue,' Larsen says. 'We're now getting pre-filled syringes, for example, and drug coated stents.'
Not only are more devices being sterilised, but the ways in which they are being sterilised are changing, and this has implications for the packaging that protects the device and preserves its sterility.
Over the past ten years, gamma and electron beam sterilisation have become increasingly popular. The increase in the use of radiation means that more packages are impermeable or non-porous. Another trend has been in using thermoformed plastic packaging, especially for orthopaedic devices.
Tight regulation
One key issue for the packaging industry is satisfying the FDA that its testing procedures for packaging are effective and robust. The FDA wants evidence that the packaging does what it is designed to do. The American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM) has designed testing guidance for the medical packaging industry. It has also published materials and package system test standards for medical device packages. Testing is one area of the medical device packaging industry in which global standards are being agreed upon.
The FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health recognised this standard, ISO 11607, in 1998 as a consensus standard. This meant that the industry now knew what would satisfy the FDA, but they only had to demonstrate that they met the standard, rather than provide the FDA with test data for the packaging of different devices.
The materials used in device packaging have changed considerably over the past ten years. Spitzley says, 'lot of our materials are recyclable, and we're very careful what we use. The core products are polyethylene, polyester and paper.' He acknowledges that there are differences between the USA and Europe over the proportion of packaging that should be recyclable. 'There are pretty aggressive recycling requirements for packaging in Europe,' he says.
There are also growing requirements, especially in Europe, for packaging to be environmentally friendly. This has meant that some packagers have moved away from bleached to natural board for their cartons. Now, scientific improvements have made the bleaching process more environmentally friendly, so there has been a switch back to bleached board, which has produced an improvement in print quality on the package.
Another indication of the industry's sensitivity to environmental concerns is that packages are invariably labelled with water-based inks. These are more environmentally friendly than solvent-based inks. Whenever possible, firms are looking to produce environmentally friendly packaging designs.
Careful progress
Although new materials such as films, high-performance papers, non-adhesive package systems and high-barrier products have all come onto the market and been adopted by device manufacturers, once manufacturers have found a packaging solution that does the job, they tend to stick with it. This is partly because the cost of altering the package is usually disproportionate to the benefit.
This does not mean that packaging is a backwater. 'Packaging is not a minor issue,' stresses Larsen. 'A packaging engineer has to understand the stresses that the package will undergo in the distribution process and also the dangers ordinary things, such as light or moisture, pose to the device inside. If you get someone who doesn't understand the science of packaging, you may have problems.'
Take the example of catheters, one of the most packaged devices around the world. 'The packaging is critical because it has to take account of the way the catheter is sterilised, whether it uses ethylene oxide or some other gas,' Spitzley says. 'The questions the packaging engineer has to ask are: What are the materials? What are the effects of sterilisation? What are the customer requirements? What does the package contain?'
The range of devices that have to be packaged means that the packaging engineer has to be alert to what is being packaged. 'If the device contains electronics, it is difficult to irradiate it,' Larsen points out. 'Also the engineer has to understand that it may not be possible to sterilise devices which have a biological element that way.'
Medical packaging machinery has also advanced. Sophisticated processing equip-ment with state-of-the-art controls, data acquisition systems and in-line printing capabilities are now the rule.
The year 2005 is likely to go down as the year in which global standards were finally achieved. 'ISO members and the European Committee for Standardisation [CEN] are harmonising their standards on the basis of ISO 11607,' Spitzley says. 'This should be done by September or October 2005, once the ISO has balloted all its members.' The EU has already made its standard a requirement. The Japanese medical industry is also looking on with interest and is likely to adopt the ISO standard. Larsen stressed that both the ISO and EU are harmonising upwards, taking the higher standard, rather than seeking the lowest common denominator. The new ISO document will mean that there will be a single global standard for medical device packaging
Among the major developments packagers expect soon are the introduction of visible barcodes and radio frequency identification (RFID) devices in packaging, which will help the supply chain to operate more efficiently. Visible bar codes, in particular, are likely to become far more prevalent. Bar coding will allow the manufacturer to keep track of their inventory and print only the label in the language of the destination market.
Some packaging professionals argue that the differences between medical device packaging and pharmaceutical packaging will blur. They point out that both industries need to protect their products from tampering.
The big difference, however, is that there is a big and growing over-the-counter business in pharmaceuticals, while there is not much of one in medical devices. Over the past ten years, more and more drugs have been sold directly to patients, although hospitals and clinics remain the main markets for medical devices.
Predictive engineering tools such as design simulation software will also help packaging designers. This allows engineers to simulate the effects of the distribution system, which is now often much longer, since devices are manufactured in locations far away from their final markets. Packagers need to be able to predict what the physical and climatic stresses are.
Printing now encompasses far more than just labelling. Bar codes are printed, and there are emerging standards for their quality because they have to be read correctly by a range of scanners.
Besides bar codes, RFID is being introduced. This technology uses a tag that contains more information than a bar code. The technology has been around since the 1980s but is only now becoming widespread in the packaging industry as an addition to barcoding.
One problem with bar codes is that they have to be printed to a high standard each time for a scanner to read the information. Tags are easier to manufacture accurately. They can also be read for a greater distance and in circumstances (such as darkened or sealed chambers) where bar codes are illegible.
Flatiron Health - Tech Innovator Profile
Company Profile: Intuitive Surgical, Inc.
Tech Innovator Profile - Intuitive Surgical, Inc
Technology Lead and Report Bundle
IoT Lead and Report Bundle
ISO Ltd
ASTM SpA
Medtronic Plc
How the fashion industry is tackling sustainable packaging
Vegware's vision for a compostable circular economy


text:
Kara Killmer (* 14. června 1988, Crowley, Texas, Spojené státy americké) je americká herečka. Nejvíce se proslavila rolemi v internetovém seriálu If I Can Dream a v televizním seriálu Chicago Fire.

Životopis
Narodila se v Crowley v Texasu. Navštěvovala Baylor University ve Wacu v Texasu a odmaturovala v roce 2010 s titulem bakalář umění.

Kariéra
V roce 2010 získala hlavní roli v internetovém seriálu If I Can Dream. V roce 2014 získala roli Atheny True v připravované pilotní epizodě seriálu Tin Man, seriál však nebyl stanicí vybrán do televizní sezóny 2014–2015. Ten samý rok se připojila k obsazení seriálu Chicago Fire, získala roli Sylvie Brett, která nahradila Leslie Shay (Lauren German) v roli paramedičky ve třetí sérii. 6. dubna 2015 měl premiéru film Beyond the Mask, ve kterém si zahrála s Johnem Rhys-Daviesem.

Filmografie

Reference

Americké televizní herečky
Narození v roce 1988
Narození 14. června
Narození v Texasu
Žijící lidé
Ženy


White nationalists mark Trump win with Nazi salute Jump to media player Video emerges of far right activists celebrating Donald Trump's election victory with Nazi salutes.
The white supremacist grateful for Trump Jump to media player Richard Spencer is a white supremacist from Montana. He tells the BBC's Aleem Maqbool that "Donald Trump's arrow is pointing in our direction".
'I did not prepare for this reality' Jump to media player Muslim Americans tell us what they think a Trump presidency means for them.
Le Pen: Trump made impossible possible Jump to media player National Front (FN) leader Marine Le Pen said Donald Trump's victory in the US election was "an additional stone in the building of a new world".
'Kids asking if they'll be deported' Jump to media player Supporters of the Mexican and US soccer teams in Columbus, Ohio, discuss the election of Donald Trump for US president.
In the US, video has emerged of far right activists celebrating Donald Trump's victory with what appear to be Nazi salutes.
It happened at a conference in Washington of the alt-right – a radical group that has dramatically risen in prominence in the last year.
While the President-Elect has distanced himself from endorsements from far-right groups, supporters of such views have been emboldened by his win.
Our North America Correspondent Aleem Maqbool reports. Filmed and edited by Colm O'Molloy.


Tuttnauer USA Company 25 Power Dr. Hauppauge, NY 11788 Toll Free: 800-624-5836 Fax: 631-737-0720 www.tuttnauerUSA.com info@tuttnauer-hq.com Tuttnauer has launched a new feature on their USA Website, "Build Your Tuttnauer Autoclave". A first in the industry, this application allows you to customize your very own autoclave, step by step. User-friendly, filled with informative descriptions and interactive photos, this feature can also be used as an educational resource on steam sterilization. Several options are available at the conclusion of the build process, including request-a-quote and a printer-friendly format. See our ad on page 41.


text:
Q: Problem with missing and unexpected keys while loading my model in Pytorch I'm trying to load the model using this tutorial: https://pytorch.org/tutorials/beginner/saving_loading_models.html#saving-loading-model-for-inference . Unfortunately I'm very beginner and I face some problems.
I have created checkpoint:
checkpoint = {'epoch': epochs, 'model_state_dict': model.state_dict(), 'optimizer_state_dict': optimizer.state_dict(),'loss': loss}
torch.save(checkpoint, 'checkpoint.pth')

Then I wrote class for my network and I wanted to load the file:
class Network(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(9216, 4096)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(4096, 1000)
        self.fc3 = nn.Linear(1000, 102)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.fc1(x)
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.fc2(x)
        x = F.relu(x)
        x = self.fc3(x)
        x = log(F.softmax(x, dim=1))
        return x

Like that:
def load_checkpoint(filepath):
    checkpoint = torch.load(filepath)
    model = Network()
    model.load_state_dict(checkpoint['model_state_dict'])
    optimizer.load_state_dict(checkpoint['optimizer_state_dict'])
    epoch = checkpoint['epoch']
    loss = checkpoint['loss']

model = load_checkpoint('checkpoint.pth')

I got this error (edited to show whole communicate):
RuntimeError: Error(s) in loading state_dict for Network:
    Missing key(s) in state_dict: "fc1.weight", "fc1.bias", "fc2.weight", "fc2.bias", "fc3.weight", "fc3.bias".
    Unexpected key(s) in state_dict: "features.0.weight", "features.0.bias", "features.3.weight", "features.3.bias", "features.6.weight", "features.6.bias", "features.8.weight", "features.8.bias", "features.10.weight", "features.10.bias", "classifier.fc1.weight", "classifier.fc1.bias", "classifier.fc2.weight", "classifier.fc2.bias", "classifier.fc3.weight", "classifier.fc3.bias".

This is my model.state_dict().keys():
odict_keys(['features.0.weight', 'features.0.bias', 'features.3.weight',
'features.3.bias', 'features.6.weight', 'features.6.bias',
'features.8.weight', 'features.8.bias', 'features.10.weight',
'features.10.bias', 'classifier.fc1.weight', 'classifier.fc1.bias',
'classifier.fc2.weight', 'classifier.fc2.bias', 'classifier.fc3.weight',
'classifier.fc3.bias'])

This is my model:
AlexNet(
  (features): Sequential(
    (0): Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(11, 11), stride=(4, 4), padding=(2, 2))
    (1): ReLU(inplace)
    (2): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=0, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
    (3): Conv2d(64, 192, kernel_size=(5, 5), stride=(1, 1), padding=(2, 2))
    (4): ReLU(inplace)
    (5): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=0, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
    (6): Conv2d(192, 384, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1))
    (7): ReLU(inplace)
    (8): Conv2d(384, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1))
    (9): ReLU(inplace)
    (10): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1))
    (11): ReLU(inplace)
    (12): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=0, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)

((classifier): Sequential(
(fc1): Linear(in_features=9216, out_features=4096, bias=True)
(relu1): ReLU()
(fc2): Linear(in_features=4096, out_features=1000, bias=True)
(relu2): ReLU()
(fc3): Linear(in_features=1000, out_features=102, bias=True)
(output): LogSoftmax()
)
)

It's my first network ever and I'm blundering along. Thanks for steering me into right direction!

A: So your Network is essentially the classifier part of AlexNet and you're looking to load pretrained AlexNet weights into it. The problem is that the keys in state_dict are "fully qualified", which means that if you look at your network as a tree of nested modules, a key is just a list of modules in each branch, joined with dots like grandparent.parent.child. You want to

*

*Keep only the tensors with name starting with "classifier."

*Remove the "classifier." part of keys

so try
model = Network()
loaded_dict = checkpoint['model_state_dict']
prefix = 'classifier.'
n_clip = len(prefix)
adapted_dict = {k[n_clip:]: v for k, v in loaded_dict.items()
                if k.startswith(prefix)}
model.load_state_dict(adapted_dict)

A: in my case, i had to remove "module." prefix from the state dict to load.
    model= Model()
    state_dict = torch.load(model_path)
    remove_prefix = 'module.'
    state_dict = {k[len(remove_prefix):] if k.startswith(remove_prefix) else k: v for k, v in state_dict.items()}

After that,

    model.load_state_dict(state_dict)

Worked!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Theme 1: Biogeochemical dynamics of System Earth
(Micro-) organisms govern virtually all geochemical cycles at the earth's surface and have major consequences for heat balance, water flow and sediment transport and stability, which in turn govern the dynamics of organisms and communities. An understanding of the transformation processes carried out by (micro-) organisms is consequently essential for a meaningful analysis and quantitative description of the biogeochemical dynamics of System Earth. Microbial life has colonized every habitat on the planet by using virtually every thermodynamically favorable redox couple. This accomplishment reflects a fundamental linkage between genome evolution and the geochemical environment. The evolution of life on Earth has not only been shaped by changing environmental conditions determined by geological forces, but life itself has played a decisive role in this process through its impact on the biogeochemical cycling of key elements (C, H, N, O, P, S, Fe, Si). This indicates that, for a full understanding of the evolution of life, we need to reconstruct the rise and, in some cases, decline of the key players in biogeochemical cycling.
Organisms are subject to changing environmental conditions, but in turn may also influence environmental conditions, both in the geological past and at present. Global warming may cause melting of permafrost, changes in plant communities and changes in methane and carbon-dioxide fluxes, which in turn may affect global climate. Similarly, climate changes may affect aquatic systems, with consequences for the production and exchange of climate-active gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulfide. Warming of oceans and lakes has consequences for dissolved oxygen inventories, while high atmospheric carbon dioxide induces ocean acidification, with consequences for marine organisms, in particular calcifiers, and global biogeochemical cycles. Both hypoxia and ocean acidification have occurred in the geological past and are of societal concern at present.
System Earth has experienced major environmental changes in the past, some of them abrupt due to external forces and some of them abrupt due to internal feedbacks, while others have been more gradual. Organisms and communities have shown differential sensitivity (in terms of loss) and differences in resilience (in terms of recovery from major environmental disturbances), both in the geological past and in the present time. The role of organisms in system recovery and the re-establishment of ecosystem functioning requires integration of studies on recent and past community dynamics.
The application of molecular techniques will deepen our fundamental understanding of the coupling between (micro-) biology and biogeochemistry. Molecular biological approaches will allow us to identify the key players in biogeochemical cycles and to study the responses of microbial communities to environmental changes. Through the combination of activity measurement and molecular tools it may be possible to link microbial activity and biogeochemical fluxes with the identity of the organisms involved. Such knowledge is essential when developing the next generation of predictive models for global and regional biogeochemical cycling.
How do climate and environmental change (warming, changes in precipitation patterns, higher N and S deposition, elevated carbon-dioxide levels) affect ecosystems and their functioning and how do changes in ecosystems feed back (via, for example, emission of climate-active gases) on climate change? Although there is some information on individual components of climate change, we have little if any understanding of compensating mechanisms and synergetic effects. For instance, aquatic systems are subject to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and global warming and we have to collect knowledge on the combined effects on organisms and ecosystems. The two-way interactions between organisms and biogeochemical cycles operate on micro-, macro-, and mega-scales. Ecosystem engineers (i.e. organisms that substantially modify the physical structure or material flows of their habitat, and thus directly or indirectly change the availability of resources to other species) can have a major impact on the appearance (pattern formation) and functioning of ecosystems. Vegetation and animals, for instance, can modify water flow and in that way optimize their performance and influence other organisms and biogeochemical cycles. Bacteria, algae and metazoans can also influence sediment deposition and erosion and thus shape their local environment. Microbial mats may or may not induce calcification and we have little understanding of the governing factors.
Most environmental changes imposed on ecosystems are gradual (carbon-dioxide increase, global warming etc.); yet recent and historical observations and the geological record show that gradual changes in forcing can over time result in abrupt and major (and sometimes even catastrophic) changes in community structures. It is important to identify whether tipping points exist (a certain critical carbon-dioxide level, for example) and whether these tipping points may be deduced from the geological record or from experimental and modeling studies of the coupled dynamics of biosphere-geosphere interactions.


Have you ever wondered why improving at golf is so difficult? I did, and decided to do something about it.
So much of golf instruction is based on ideas and opinion. There isn't a lot of fact. Thanks to scientific research and testing I now have a solid understanding of the real fundamentals of the game. This has helped me improve my game in leaps and bounds and can help you too.
The video below takes you on a brief tour of the history of golf instruction. It shows you some of the many ideas and theories that golfers have been taught and explains why improvement has been so difficult. The video gives you an insight into a path for a better golf swing – and shows you a more reliable method for improving at golf.
Please note: The video was shot in 2007. Some of the links may be wrong. For all contact details please go here.
For more information on BioSwing, you can visit this link.


text:
Q: The area of a triangle determined by two diagonals at a vertex of a regular heptagon
In a circle of diameter 7, a regular heptagon is drawn inside of it. Then, we shade a triangular region as shown:

What's the exact value of the shaded region, without using trigonometric constants?

My attempt
I tried to solve it with the circumradius theorem : $A=(abc)/(4R)$, where $a$, $b$, and $c$ are the three sides, and $R$ is the circumradius of the triangle. However, I needed to find the exact value of $\cos(5\pi/14)$, $\cos(4\pi/7)$, and $\sin(5\pi/14)$. Finally, I found an explicit formula for this particular triangle, but the proof was missing.
You can find the formula in Wikipedia's "Heptagonal triangle" entry.

A: Expressing the sides $a,b,c$ via the sines of corresponding central angles one obtains:
$$
A=\frac{abc}{4R}=2R^2\sin\frac\pi7\sin\frac{2\pi}{7}\sin\frac{4\pi}7.\tag1
$$
For a product of sines we have the following theorem:
$$
\prod_{0<m_i<n}2\sin\frac{\pi m_i}{n}=n.
\tag2
$$
Therefore: $$2^6\sin\frac\pi7\sin\frac{2\pi}{7}\sin\frac{3\pi}7\sin\frac{4\pi}{7}\sin\frac{5\pi}7\sin\frac{6\pi}{7}=\left(8\sin\frac\pi7\sin\frac{2\pi}{7}\sin\frac{4\pi}7\right)^2=7.$$

A: Here is a proof using complex numbers geometry : Let
$$\zeta=\exp(2i \pi/7).$$
For the sake of simplicity, we will work in a heptagon inscribed in a unit circle.
The vertices of the triangle can be considered as being
$$1, \ \ \ \zeta^2, \ \ \ \zeta^3$$
Using the (oriented) area formula one can find in one of my recent answers, we get :
$$A = -\frac{1}{4i}\begin{vmatrix}1 & 1 & \bar{1} \\ 1 & \zeta^2 & \bar{\zeta}^2 \\ 1 & \zeta^3 & \bar{\zeta}^3 \end{vmatrix}$$
$$=-\frac{1}{4i}\left(-(\zeta-\bar{\zeta})-(\zeta^2-\bar{\zeta}^{-2})+(\zeta^3-\bar{\zeta}^{-3})\right)$$
$$=-\frac{1}{4i} \ 2i \ \left(-\sin \frac{2\pi}{7}-\sin \frac{4\pi}{7}+\sin \frac{6\pi}{7}\right)=-\frac12 \left(-\frac{\sqrt{7}}{2}\right)$$
(see for example here), or alternatively take the imaginary part of relationship
$$1+2(1+\zeta+\zeta^2+\zeta^4)=\sqrt{7}i$$
see lemma 1 p. 128 of this very interesting document, involving Gauss sums. This document is especially interesting because it displays many sides of heptagonal triangles using complex geometry. For Gauss sums, see as well this question and its answer.

A: It boils down to
$$I= \sin\frac\pi7  \sin\frac{2\pi}7 \sin\frac{3\pi}7= \frac{\sqrt7}8
$$
Let $a =\frac\pi7$ and evaluate
\begin{align}
I^2 & = (1-\cos^2 a )  (1-\cos^2 2a )  (1-\cos^2 3a )\\
 & =\frac18 (1-\cos 2a )  (1-\cos 4a )  (1-\cos 8a )\\
 & =\frac18 (1-\cos 2a \cos 4a \cos 8a )\tag1\\
\end{align}
where the following equality via $2\cos x\cos y= \cos(x+y)+ \cos(x-y)$ is used
\begin{align}
\cos 2a \cos 4a + \cos 4a \cos 8a+ \cos 8a \cos 2a
 =\cos 2a +\cos 4a + \cos 8a\\
\end{align}
Note that
$$\cos 2a \cos 4a \cos 8a= \frac{\sin4a \cos 4a \cos 8a}{2\sin 2a}
= \frac{\sin16a}{8\sin 2a}=\frac18
$$
Thus, (1) yields
$$I = \sqrt{\frac18(1-\frac18)}= \frac{\sqrt7}8$$


Along with a check engine light. I got out my code scanner and found codes P0351 and P1000 (bad cyl 1 coil pack and drive cycles incomplete), cleared them and started the 30 mile drive home. She was missing pretty bad at low RPMs, and the restricted performance mode limits revs to 3000rpm, but aside from that she did pretty well. Gave her a wash and she actually clean up nice!
I'll begin troubleshooting tonight by swapping around some coils and seeing if the misfire follows the coil currently in A1.
We'll see how it goes, but it's looking good as a potential replacement for the E39, especially if all it takes to get running is $30 in ignition coil. Not a bad impulse/accidental purchase.


This data summarizes the capital budget requests for 2013 and the five-year capital plan. Although the five-year capital plan is a plan only and is subject to changes as needed over the years, the capital budget is a one-year proposal reviewed as part of the financial authorization for 2013.The 2013 capital program totals $17,833,000 of which $190,000 is funded through the operating budget, $12,418,000 is expected to be borrowed and $5,225,000 will come from other funds such as the Consolidated Highway Improvement Program (CHIPs) and federal and state grants. Included in this budget are monies for street and sidewalk reconstruction projects, building improvement projects and various equipment and vehicle replacement items.


text:
Q: Many long path3's in Asymptote I am generating large numbers (several thousand, say) of long random fractal path3s on a sphere (up to a few thousand points each), using an external program. I want to produce a 3D figure in Asymptote displaying these paths. Currently, my workflow is to use my external program to write all the data into a large Asymptote script and compile it.
This scheme works when I try very small examples (i.e. with dozens instead of thousands of paths), but it very quickly becomes prohibitively slow and memory intensive. I could write the data to a text file and read it into Asymptote instead, but this would be kind of ugly, and it seems unlikely that the bottleneck is parsing the .asy file. Also, this problem seems to be specific to 3D, so I'm hoping that there's some appropriate combination of 3D options---or something like that---that solves the problem.
It's hard to give a closely representative MWE given the external data generation, but this program (which displays a 10,000-step long random walk) captures the essential issue.
size(5cm);
import three;

triple q = (0.0,0.0,0.0);
path3 p = q;

for(int i=1;i<=10^4;++i){
  q = q + (2*unitrand()-1, 2*unitrand()-1, 2*unitrand()-1);
  p = p -- q;
}

draw(p);

TL;DR What's the best way to efficiently render many path3s?

A: You can greatly speed up your example by changing path3 to guide3
and drawing with a thin pen:
draw(p,thin());
See http://asymptote.sourceforge.net/doc/Paths-and-guides.html#index-guide


text:
Canadians Split over Cost of Kyoto Accord
Consider it a duel among doomsayers.
Canals and Inland Waterways
These 2 great journeys were first made just before the end of the 18th century, and by the same man. Alexander Mackenzie reached the mouth of the river which now bears his name in 1789, and was the first European to cross the North American continent (to Bella Coola) in 1793.
Canola is a type of rapeseed and is a Canadian invention; it is characterized by having improved nutritional qualities in both the oil and the meal.
Cape Bonavista
Cape Bonavista, elevation 15-30 m, is the bare, rocky extremity of the Bonavista Peninsula, north of the town of Bonavista in eastern Newfoundland.
Cape Bonavista Lighthouse
CAPE BONAVISTA separates Trinity and Bonavista bays on the eastern coast of Newfoundland. In 1842 it was decided to build a LIGHTHOUSE there as an aid to navigating the dangerous seas off the cape. The lighthouse operated for well over a century before it finally closed in 1962.
Cape Breton Highlands National Park
Cape Breton Highlands National Park (established 1936) stretches across the northern tip of Cape Breton Island.
Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, 10 311 km2, a rugged and irregularly shaped island, approximately 175 km long by 135 km at its widest, is located at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
Cape Kildare
Cape Kildare extends eastward into the Gulf of St Lawrence at the northern end of Prince Edward Island. Named by Samuel Holland in 1765 after James, 20th earl of Kildare, it is part of a series of capes in the area known as the Kildare Capes.
Cape North
Cape North is the northern promontory on Cape Breton Island.
Cape Race
Cape Race, elevation 30-40 m, is the southeastern extremity of Newfoundland's AVALON PENINSULA. Named for its flat-topped (Portuguese, raso) cliffs, it has a barren appearance that creates a stark impression for transatlantic
Cape Sable is the southernmost point of land on CAPE SABLE ISLAND, which lies off the southwestern tip of Nova Scotia. It is composed of shifting sand dunes (French, sable) up to 9 m high and is nearly joined to the island by a sandy beach transversed by Hawk Channel.
Cape Sable Island
Cape Sable Island is a flat, wooded island off the southwestern tip of Nova Scotia. Connected to the mainland by a causeway on the north side, it shelters the waters of Barrington Bay to the east. The MIKMAQ hunted seals off Cape Sable Island.
Cape Scott Provincial Park
Cape Scott Provincial Park (established 1973, 50 km2), on the northwest tip of VANCOUVER I, BC, includes 64 km of coast with 23 km of sandy beaches interspersed by rocky headlands. The land rises inland to Mount St Patrick (415 m), and in it lies a 44 ha body of freshwater, Eric Lake.
Cape Spear
Cape Spear, elev 75 m, most easterly point in N America (excluding Greenland), is located 6.7 km SE of the entrance to St John's harbour, Nfld. A rocky, windswept promontory of Precambrian formation, with a thin, sporadic cover
Cape St Mary
Cape St Mary forms the southern boundary of St Mary's Bay in an area of Nova Scotia's northwestern coast known as the French Shore. Fishing is the principal activity in this region; the cape was once the site of the International Tuna Cup matches.
Cape St Mary's
Cape St Mary's, elevation 105 m, on Newfoundland's AVALON PENINSULA, is the steep and spectacular terminus of the land separating ST MARY'S BAY and PLACENTIA BAY near rich fishing grounds. The site of a lighthouse since 1860, the
Cape Traverse is a small peninsula along the southwestern shore of PEI on Northumberland Strait.
Cariboo Mountains
The Cariboo Mountains is the most northern range making up the Columbia Mountains.
Cariboo Road
A contingent of Royal Engineers was brought from Britain to survey the route from Yale, at the head of navigation on the Fraser River, along extremely treacherous terrain to the administrative centre of the Cariboo.
Caribou are members of the deer family. They may be further categorized based on where they live and how they behave. Caribou in Canada are generally categorized into three types: peary, barren-ground and woodland. Taken together, caribou are found in most Canadian provinces and territories, with the exception of the Maritimes.