(a) The EU will strive to increase its total AfT in coherence with the gradual increases in overall development aid towards the established 2010 and 2015 targets and in response to needs prioritized by partner countries. This will ensure additionality and that increases in AfT are not achieved at the expense of support to other priority sectors and programmes essential to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
• If Member States collectively are not on track to reach the 2010 target in TRA commitments, analyse and address the underlying reasons.
• Enhance coordination and cooperation with other AfT donors, both bilateral and multilateral, including emerging donors and international financial institutions, such as the World Bank (WB) and regional development banks.
- engagement with other donors and international financial institutions to that end.
• Give special attention to countries/regions with no or little inclusion of trade and AfT in their poverty reduction and national development strategies.
• continuing to take an active role in the decision making process concerning the IF at multilateral level.
The EU will intensify its activities in a range of areas in order to ensure the quality of its AfT. In particular, in response to partner countries' own trade-related priorities, in the context of poverty reduction strategies, it will help facilitate, implement and adjust to trade reform and liberalization paying specific attention to their impact on poverty reduction.
- providing adequate responses to priorities, using joint delivery mechanisms where possible.
• Support the translation of regional needs into national implementation strategies, taking care to channel support activities to the appropriate geographical level of intervention.
...(a) The Council Conclusions on AfT of May 2007 state that the Strategy will indicate the overall share of the Community and Member States increase in TRA available for needs prioritised by ACP countries. In the context of efforts to increase the collective EU TRA to € 2 billion annually by 2010, in the range of 50% of the increase will be available for these ACP needs. The spend will reflect policy and programming decisions at country and region levels.
(b) A prerequisite to deliver on both TRA and wider AfT commitments is to enhance the integration of trade-related concerns into ACP national development strategies, implementation plans or national budgets. In this context, the EU will enhance its dialogue on these issues with ACP countries and other donors and financial institutions present at country level, with a view to achieving integration of trade concerns into the ACP countries' poverty reduction and development strategies by 2013.
• Further explore the contribution that could be made by the EIB and Regional Development Banks.
- participating actively in drawing conclusions of the global review and acting on them, in particular with a view to avoiding "AfT orphans".
• Agree on guidance for coherent reporting practices at EU level by end-2007, in particular on trade development and trade-related adjustment.
• Contribute to the development of shared quantitative and qualitative indicators for monitoring and evaluating impacts of AfT, including those relating to poverty reduction and gender issues.
• Organise technical exchanges on monitoring and evaluation results, and draw joint conclusions on their implications in order to constantly improve and strengthen the effectiveness of the EU's AfT.


CO2 build up is the usual culprit. Skip/shallow breathing and/or working hard on the dive.
Are you making sure you are super hydrated and had plenty of sleep in the 48 hrs prior to diving? I had major headache issue for many years until I realized that I was often dehydrated before and during my dives. Sleep deprivation also resulted in bad headaches for me.
Longer bottom times, greater safety, shorter surface intervals, no headaches, less tired...what's not to like???
I think a good test to confirm co2 is if pure oxygen on the boat cures it almost immediately.
Freedivers build a tolerance for co2 and there natural response may be muted. I know a lot of divers who take a aspirin or two before or during the dive day.
One thing you need to realize is that full exhalations are more effective in co2 removal and also that at depth we have way more oxygen than we need or can use - so the challenge of respiration on scuba is co2 elimination not oxygen uptake. So you may experiment and try to exhale more fully and breath a little more than seems necessary and see if that solves the issue.
Long complete exhales and lots of water/sleep before dive day. Good night sleep works for helping me not getting seasick and headaches also. If you can drink a gallon plus of water the day before and continue drinking water throughout on boat while diving. These things almost eliminated me ever getting the headaches. When I do its my fault holding my breath and chasing shallow water gags now.
Great advice above that worked for me also.
Drink as much water as you can to stay hydrated. A slow ascent and a deep stop helps me reduce my headaches but I still get them from time to time.
I use 100% medical grade. For some reason, I get a bit dizzy and blurred vision at deeper depths...but no headaches.


Absolutely love this recipe. I did mine in a slow cooker put few more herbs and spices in. Threw the lot in my slow cooker and left it for good 8hours perfect winter warming food. Will definitely be trying more recipes.


text:
https://celticswire.usatoday.com/2018/03/18/jabari-bird-cleared-to-fly-available-for-boston-celtics-vs-new-orleans-pelicans/
Jabari Bird cleared to fly, available for Celtics vs. Pelicans
Greg Brueck-Cassoli
March 18, 2018 4:41 pm ET
Boston Celtics' rookie Jabari Bird will return to action against the New Orleans Pelicans, after dealing with back spasm for several months.
Boston Celtics' rookie Jabari Bird is available for the team's game against the New Olreans Pelicans tonight.
Bird, who has logged the majority of his minutes this year with the Celtics' G-League affiliate, the Maine Red Claws, has been sidelined with back spasms since January 10.
Jabari Bird is active today for the #Celtics. He had been sidelined since Jan. 10 with back spasms.
— Taylor Snow (@taylorcsnow) March 18, 2018
Boston is in desperate need of players that can fill minutes on the wing, after a recent rash of injuries that has left them depleted on the perimeter. Bird isn't likely to feature prominently in the Celtics' rotation, but head coach Brad Stevens will be happy just to have an additional option to turn to.
Los Angeles Lakers at Boston Celtics: How to watch, broadcast, lineups (1/28)
Celtics' Marcus Smart may miss 1-2 weeks with ankle bone bruise
Celtics injury update: Jaylen Brown, Al Horford, Marcus Smart, Malcolm Brogdon OUT, Robert Williams III IN vs. Heat
More Injuries

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Used to adapt to male pipe threads to CPVC tubing. A special elastomeric gasket ensures a leak-proof seal. Hand-tighten only. This fitting seals by means of a gasket. The use of joint compound or PTFE tape is neither necessary or recommended.
Sioux Chief Bell Trap Drain Pvc 6 "
6 in. x 6 in. PVC Bell-type trap is designed into sump area. The Sioux Chief 1-1/2 inch x 2 inch DWV hub x spigot Bell Trap Drain is compatible with PVC pipes. The trap drain is solvent weld and features PVC construction.
Sioux Chief Bell Trap Drain Pvc 9 "
9 in. x 9 in. PVC Bell-type trap is designed into sump area. The Sioux Chief 3 inch x 4 inch DWV hub x spigot Bell Trap Drain is compatible with PVC pipes. The trap drain is solvent weld and features PVC construction.


text:
Walker Comment
Thread starter Zero2Cool
I found this encourgaging from Walker
"That's the difference. Now that I'm out here playing football, this is my job, and it does reflect on my character. So for me to come out here and try to prove something (by being disruptive) would diminish what I'm trying to do (as a player). So it's like, once I'm on the football field, everything else is in the past. All contract stuff is in the past, anything that I did in the past is in the past. Now, it's about me being a player on the football field and helping the team try to win."
Here's the whole article
http://www.madison.com/wsj/home/sports/ ... 97&ntpid=1
GRE1EN BAY - As he waded through the kids with bikes, the grownups with disposable cameras and the Sharpie-wielding autograph seekers of all ages, Javon Walker was Mr. Popularity Tuesday morning.
Judging from the we-love-you's and hey-can-you-sign-this'es and keep-up-the-good-work's shouted in his direction, it was as if his offseason contract dispute never happened. All, apparently, is forgiven when it comes to the Green Bay Packers' star wide receiver.
Perhaps that's because Walker has taken a decidedly different tack than his friend, workout buddy and fellow Pro Bowl wideout, Philadelphia's Terrell Owens.
While Owens is scheduled to meet with Eagles coach Andy Reid today following a one-week suspension for insubordination, Walker has been issue-free during the first 2 weeks of training camp. He hasn't complained at all publicly about his contract, hasn't gotten into any heated arguments with his coaches, hasn't criticized his quarterback, hasn't caused any distraction - all things Owens has done since reporting to the Eagles' camp.
"Me and T.O. are in two totally different situations," Walker said as he made the 5-minute, post-practice walk from the Clarke Hinkle practice field to the locker room doors at Lambeau Field.
"He's been a consistent player for a lot of years, so he feels like he's deserving of what he should get, and so he's doing what he's doing. I'm just trying to stay on the rise and repeat what I did last year, so it's better for me to come out here and perform to the ability I know I can and let everything take care of itself."
While Walker doesn't regret skipping the two offseason minicamps and asking for a new contract - "I totally believe in what I did," he said, "and if you had to ask me if I could do it all over again if I would change anything about it, I wouldn't" - he vowed that his desire for more money won't affect his on-field performance this season, even though the Packers have refused to renegotiate his contract, which has two years remaining.
Quarterback Brett Favre, who criticized Walker during the offseason for his demands, said he is pleased that Walker hasn't followed Owens' lead and been a distraction.
"I'm very thankful that Javon has done what he's done," Favre said. "For the people who know Javon, I think we were all surprised by this offseason. But I'm not surprised that he's here, because that's the type of guy he is. He's a hard worker, he's a good kid, he cares what people think about him, on and off the field. When you have a guy that thinks that way and is aware of what people are saying, more than likely he'll make the right decisions."
In the past few days, Walker has started making more big plays in practice. After getting into a fight with cornerback Ahmad Carroll Sunday morning, he toasted Carroll for a long touchdown Monday, then caught another TD pass against Patrick Dendy later in the same practice. On Tuesday, he again beat Carroll deep but had Favre's pass slip through his hands.
Unlike malcontent defensive tackles Grady Jackson, who remains on the physically unable to perform list, and Cletidus Hunt, who hasn't practiced since a joint practice with Buffalo Aug. 4, Walker has participated in all but four practices. He missed one practice July 30 with upper back pain and three others because of a pulled hamstring suffered Aug. 7.
Walker also said that while he has had some conversations with Packers front-office officials and the coaches, he hasn't been promised anything regarding his contract. Still, he said he wouldn't resort to T.O.-style tactics to get a new deal.
"If I would do that, that's not really showing any respect for myself or for the organization. If you're going to go in (to camp), go in with the attitude that you're going to do your job and get things done," Walker said. "If you don't feel that way, you might as well keep holding out.
They spent a lot of time talking about the Green Bay Packers' not-so-good old days, remembering when they were a young quarterback who didn't have a clue, a new general manager trying to resurrect a downtrodden franchise and a former part-time financial planner who'd just gotten his first football personnel job.
That's how quarterback Brett Favre, retired Packers GM Ron Wolf and current GM Ted Thompson spent part of Tuesday morning's practice, recalling the way they all came together when Wolf pulled off one of the greatest trades in NFL history - sending a first-round pick to Atlanta for Favre in February 1992.
Thompson, whom Wolf had hired for his first NFL gig shortly before the Favre trade, recalled how Wolf gave him tape of Favre to review. Wolf retold the story of the trade that made him look like a genius. And Favre regaled everyone with all kinds of tales, including one of his favorite one-on-one conversations with Wolf, after being involved in a barroom brawl.
While then-coach Mike Holmgren chewed Favre out, Wolf took a different approach.
"Ron, his exact words, if I remember correctly," Favre said, "were, 'Did you kick his ***?' "
That was Wolf.
But the most interesting thing said Tuesday was by Favre, who recalled how "Ron's not the most talkative person. You always wonder what he's thinking."
It was odd because, at least on this day, that wasn't a problem. Wolf, who retired in 2001 and was invited to visit training camp by Thompson shortly after Thompson took over as GM in January, stood amid a throng of reporters after practice and held forth on a variety of topics.
"Now, Ron will tell you this himself: Right now, he's dangerous, because he's got all the answers and he's been here a day and a half," Thompson joked.
Among the issues Wolf, who'll take in today's practice before returning home to Annapolis, Md., discussed were:
* His advice for Thompson: "He hasn't really sought any. It's one of those things where you have to, I think, get your own feet wet. You have to have the angst, the anxious moments. And only the person in that chair or wearing that hat can experience that."
* Thompson not having extended coach Mike Sherman's contract: "I'm not surprised because the situation would be that both of those people, Mike and Ted, have to feel comfortable with one another. When they do that, when they get comfortable, I assume that that will be resolved one way or the other."
* Thompson's drafting of quarterback Aaron Rodgers 24th overall: "I thought they did the right thing. Because when you're in those 20s, you better take the best football player, damn the position. You can get in trouble picking a position. I know, I did that a couple of times, picked for position rather than player, and every time I did that it came up and bit me right in the rear end. And what I've seen of Rodgers, he wouldn't be a disappointment. But I know he can't play guard or safety."
* Players that have caught his eye: "(Rookie safety Nick) Collins is the only guy that's really stood out to me. He's all over the field. He's not afraid. He's very aware. Those things. He carries himself like a pro."
* Whether he's ruled out a return to football: "Yeah, I would think so. A person should never say never, but, jeez, I've been out too long now. (Four) years is too long."
* If he finds himself evaluating talent while watching: "No, I find myself standing out here wondering why I'm standing out here. That's what I find."
Notes: Jackson drops demand
Recalcitrant nose tackle Grady Jackson said Tuesday that he has given up his demand to be cut or traded and will play out the final year of his contract with the Green Bay Packers.
Jackson, who threatened to hold out of training camp if the Packers didn't extend his contract, had met with general manager Ted Thompson and vice president of player finance Andrew Brandt on July 28 and asked to be released or sent to another team.
"I'm going to come back and play, give my all, worry about the contract thing after the season," said Jackson, who will make $600,000 in base salary this season in the last year of the two-year, $2.31 million deal he signed in December 2003. "If I'm here next year, I'm here. If I'm not, I'm not. I just have to worry about this season and play ball.
"I just have to worry about getting on the field and playing ball like I'm capable of doing and hopefully have a Pro Bowl season. I'm through with the contract thing now. I'm just going to focus on the season."
Jackson, who had surgery on his left knee in February after dislocating his kneecap in the regular-season opener at Carolina last year, is on the physically-unable-to-perform list and has yet to practice in camp. Coach Mike Sherman said he hopes Jackson will be able to play in the Packers' penultimate preseason game, Aug. 26 against New England at Lambeau Field.
"(The knee) is getting better. Probably in a week or two I'll be ready," Jackson said. "(I) just need to practice a little bit, get into the groove of it. We've got 16 games and (hopefully) a couple of playoff games, so instead of just coming out and hurting it out here, we're just trying to rest it a little more."
Jackson said playing in the Sept. 1 preseason finale at Tennessee "would be fine for me to tune it up and get ready" if he doesn't play against the Patriots.
Hipster doofus
While reminiscing about the trade that brought him to Green Bay from Atlanta in 1992, Packers quarterback Brett Favre retold the story of how former general manager Ron Wolf told the Packers' medical staff to pass him on his physical after he initially failed.
That Favre failed his physical is one of the story's more remarkable parts and has been well-known for years. But Favre revealed that he failed his physical because of avascular necrosis, the degenerative hip condition that shortened two-sport star Bo Jackson's athletic career and forced him to have hip replacement surgery.
Avascular necrosis occurs when the blood supply to the hip socket is limited, causing the bone and cartilage to deteriorate. Favre said Jackson's case was more advanced.
"To this day it bothers me from time to time," said Favre, who first injured his hip in the East-West Shrine Game after his senior year at Southern Mississippi. "Before the draft I did MRIs for Atlanta, did MRIs for Seattle, went through all kind of evaluations at the combine, so a lot of teams were apprehensive because of that. Even when I got here (to Green Bay) ... they said, 'In a few years, his hip will go bad on him.'
"The prognosis on avascular necrosis is at some point you're going to have to have a replacement. They said I wouldn't play three or four years. Obviously they were wrong and Ron was willing to take that risk."
Something to prove
B.J. Sander is the Packers' only punter in camp and is coming off a solid performance in the rainy preseason opener against San Diego on Thursday, when he averaged 46.0 gross and 41.1 net yards on seven punts. But his roster spot isn't totally secure.
Thompson said he has no plans to bring in another punter at this point, but when asked whether he's convinced Sander is an NFL punter, the GM's answer was short and brutally honest.
"Ah, no," Thompson said. "But that doesn't mean he isn't. I think he's done a nice job here in training camp and I think he punted very well the other night in some fairly adverse conditions. But I think, and this is not anything against B.J. or any other punter in the league, but I think you have to see them through the course of more than a couple weeks of training camp."
Extra points
The first-string guards were Adrian Klemm (left) and Will Whitticker (right) again Tuesday. ... The Packers added linebacker Jeremiah Garrison to the roster. The 6-foot, 234-pound Garrison originally signed as an undrafted free agent with San Diego in 2004. He spent the last two weeks of the 2004 season on the New Orleans Saints' practice squad before being released last month.
Camp at a glance
PLAY OF THE DAY: It wasn't necessarily awe inspiring, but it was the kind of play that makes the difference when games start to count. Focusing on backed-up situations (when the offense starts at the 2-yard line, in the shadow of its own goalpost) during the first 11-on-11 period of the morning practice, the No. 1 offense got itself the necessary first down and breathing room when RB Ahman Green burst off right tackle behind Mark Tauscher and blocking tight end/extra tackle Kevin Barry for a 10-yard gain.
INJURY REPORT: CB Al Harris left the morning practice after bruising his left quadriceps, the same thigh he injured during the joint practice with the Buffalo Bills Aug. 4. DT Corey Williams (ribs) left the morning practice and was out in the afternoon. DE R-Kal Truluck (hamstring) practiced for the first time since Aug. 3. LT Brad Bedell (hamstring) returned to take part in individual drills but was held out of all contact. CB Joey Thomas (hip flexor) did one 1-on-1 drill in the morning but nothing else. S Mark Roman (hamstring) sat out both practices after being injured Monday. LB Paris Lenon (knee) returned after missing the Monday special-teams practice. Continuing to sit out were FB Vonta Leach (knee); LB Na'il Diggs (knee); DE Kenny Peterson (elbow, hamstring) and DT Cletidus Hunt (shoulder, knee).
TODAY'S SCHEDULE: The Packers will practice only once, in pads at 8:45 a.m
NCPackerfan
I have to believe that Walker, along with the rest of the free world, has observed the negative fallout from the way TO has handled his renegotiation request. It appears he has smartly chosen to take the high road and prove his worth on the field. I hope his attitude doesn't change through the season and he has a monster year. If he does, I will be the first to knock on TT's door demanding his contract be reworked.
NCPackerfan said:
I agree. I'm glad Owens has acted like a baby out in Philly. Now Peyton Manning and Ray Lewis are ripping him too, in addition to everyone in the media. I'm hoping guys like Jackson and Walker will think twice now before becoming a distraction after seeing the Eagles lay down the law with Owens. At least so far it sounds like Walker will give his best effort and not become a distraction. If he continues to do that and has another big season, he'll most likely get the money he wants after the season.
i wonder what drew is saying to TO. don't you think there has to be a point where even the ringmaster can't control the tiger anymore?
He's probably saying hey TO since we didnt get a new contract can you give me some cash for my efforts as of this point?
agopackgo4
Yes now isnt that different than someone like Moss or espicialy TO....well I have to give Moss credit so far, he hasnt done anything stupid. Well maybe exept saying he was sorry for anything he pulls this year
favrefourevre
Jackson is wising up too.
agopackgo4 said:
....well I have to give Moss credit so far, he hasnt done anything stupid.
http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/news?slug=a ... &type=lgns
Chamuko
Guadalajara, Mexico
What about I smoke dope every blue moon ?????? Stupid enough !!!!! :beersign:
Regular Season Reflections On The Offensive Line (PFF Grades included)
Running Back Moves to Cover Jones Injury We've Done
RicFlairoftheNFL
Yosh Nijman - The Answer, The Question, The Dilemma
blossi
ARPackFan
gopkrs


text:
Superintendent's Message/
Carson City School District » News » Archived News Releases » 2020 » Superintendent's Message
A Message from Superintendent Richard Stokes
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic and at the close of the first week since Nevada Gov. Sisolak ordered school sites and non-essential businesses to close, what may not be known to the general public is the governor has identified public schools as an essential service. School districts across the state have been working feverishly to develop a system of remote teaching and learning. This new method of holding school begins Monday, March 23.
As teachers and school administrators scramble to coordinate lesson plans and logistics for this remote learning, the Carson City School District acknowledges the hard work and expertise of educators. Students and families have demonstrated a continued commitment to education during the current school building closures as they have returned to their respective schools to retrieve Chromebooks, music instruments and other academic essentials. Given the circumstances on education, the teachers and school staff have been the real heroes. They have been asked, with specific and tight deadlines, to create curriculum for remote learning and meals for school nutrition. And they have done so, masterfully.
This worldwide health crisis has brought challenges to everyone in one way or another. For education, it has become impossible to reliably administer required federal assessments and comply with the related accountability, school identification and reporting requirements.
The Carson City School District learned this morning that the U.S. Department of Education (USDOE) put in place a process for State Education Agencies to request waivers of assessments, accountability, school identification and reporting requirements established in the Every Student Succeeds Act. See attached national and state letters.
Beginning Monday, March 23, all students within the Carson City School District will continue their education through remote or at-home resources. Those resources are available on the carsoncityschools.com website on the Remote Learning page. There will be weekly materials for elementary students, and all secondary students (middle and high school students) will receive instruction from their teachers using Google Classroom. Teachers will also make arrangements for copies to be printed and available for pick up in school offices for families who may not have the ability to remotely print them from home.
In preparation to Monday's launch of remote learning, Carson City School District Superintendent Richard Stokes shared the following to students and families in a districtwide message via email and phone.
"I want to thank all of you for being brave during this pandemic. I know you were looking forward to the springtime activities offered through the schools. Our current situation is disappointing; however, I urge you to help your families by doing chores, being kind and keeping your room clean. This is a hard time for all of us. With your help we can limit the spread of COVID-19 and protect those who are most likely to become ill. We are all feeling apprehensive and nervous, which is okay. Carson City is an amazing place, and we will get through this hard time together.
On Monday, your school will begin a system of remote learning. It is important for us all to be patient as this new way of teaching starts. We are working with state leaders to help all students finish the school year strong. Your teachers, principals, school counselors, social workers and other school staff are available to respond to emails and provide support to you remotely.
If you are a senior, know that we are doing everything possible to address your concerns and get you across the finish line at graduation. If you are on track to graduate, you will not be penalized for the unforeseen changes occurring in our schools. I know the suspension or cancellation of events and activities is disappointing. However, I know your strength and am confident we will get through this challenging time.
I will continue to keep you and your families all informed about any changes in our schools. In the meantime, please stay safe, stay home as much as possible, hug your families and remember to wash your hands thoroughly and frequently. We care very deeply for each one of you and look forward to having you back at school as soon as possible.
Good bye for now."
Please continue checking the Carson City School District website carsoncityschools.com and our social media sites Facebook, Twitter and Instagram for further updates.


text:
Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictive and Prognostic Factor for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Zheng Feng ,
Contributed equally to this work with: Zheng Feng, Hao Wen
Affiliations Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
Hao Wen ,
Rui Bi,
Affiliations Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China, Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
Xingzhu Ju,
Xiaojun Chen,
Wentao Yang,
Xiaohua Wu
* E-mail: docwuxh@hotmail.com
Zheng Feng,
Hao Wen,
Zheng Feng Hao Wen ... Xiaohua Wu
We aimed to demonstrate the clinical and prognostic significance of the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC).
We retrospectively investigated 875 patients who underwent primary staging or debulking surgery for HGSC between April 2005 and June 2013 at our institution. None of these patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. NLR was defined as the absolute neutrophil count divided by the absolute lymphocyte count. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests for univariate analyses. For multivariate analyses, Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the prognostic factors, which were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs).
The NLRs ranged from 0.30 to 24.0. The median value was 3.24 and used as the cutoff value to discriminate between the high-NLR (≥3.24) and low-NLR (<3.24) groups. A high preoperative NLR level was associated with an advanced FIGO stage, increased CA125 level, more extensive ascites, worse cytoreduction outcome and chemoresistance. For univariate analyses, a high NLR was associated with reduced PFS (p<0.001) and OS (p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, a high NLR was still an independent predictor of PFS (p = 0.011), but not OS (p = 0.148).
Our study demonstrated that NLR could reflect tumor burden and clinical outcomes to a certain extent and should be regarded as a predictive and prognostic parameter for HGSC.
Citation: Feng Z, Wen H, Bi R, Ju X, Chen X, Yang W, et al. (2016) Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictive and Prognostic Factor for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. PLoS ONE 11(5): e0156101. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156101
Editor: Surinder K. Batra, University of Nebraska Medical Center, UNITED STATES
Received: February 5, 2016; Accepted: May 8, 2016; Published: May 20, 2016
Copyright: © 2016 Feng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Availability: The institutional ovarian cancer database involves sensitive patient information, which are available upon request. Anyone who is interested in the information should contact docwuxh@hotmail.com or wu.xh@fudan.edu.cn.
Funding: This work was supported by the key project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (12411950300) and the leading project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (15411962000) for XH Wu.
Ovarian cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed and lethal diseases among females, and there were 238,700 estimated new cases and 151,900 deaths in 2012 around the world[1]. After primary treatment including staging or debulking surgery and platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy, half of the patients will relapse within 16 months, and the 5-year overall survival rate is under 50%[2]. Therefore, effective biomarkers for individualized prediction of treatment outcomes and prognosis are urgently required.
Inflammation plays an important role during cancer initiation and progression, and the prognostic value of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers has been of paramount interest[3]. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), one of the most common SIR markers, has been used to predict clinical outcomes and prognoses in various cancers[4–7]. Limited data have also shown the application of NLR in ovarian cancer[8–10]. However, ovarian cancer is not a single disease, it is a group of heterogeneous tumors based on distinctive morphologic and molecular genetic features[11]. Previous studies have combined all disease subtypes within small sample sizes, which failed to individually evaluate the clinical and prognostic values of NLR according to the histologic types.
Because the vast majority of ovarian cancers are high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), the purpose of our study was to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative NLR in a large mono-institutional study of Chinese patients with HGSC.
Clinical Data
This study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Committee at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
We retrospectively investigated 875 patients who underwent primary staging or debulking surgery for HGSC between April 2005 and June 2013 at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Patients were excluded if they had received neoadjuvant therapy, had been treated for recurrent disease, or were found to have other histological diagnoses after a pathological review. The histological diagnoses were based on the WHO criteria, and all microscopic slides were reviewed by two experienced gynecologic pathologists.
Clinical and pathological data were obtained from medical records, cancer registries, and pathology reports. Patient characteristics including age, FIGO stage (version 2000), preoperative laboratory data (CA125 level, preoperative neutrophil count, lymphocyte count), presence of ascites, surgical outcomes (R0, R1 vs R2), date of surgery, date of progression or recurrence, date of last follow-up, and patient's disease status at last contact, were collected. All patients were followed up with until December 31st, 2014.
NLR was defined as the absolute neutrophil count divided by the absolute lymphocyte count. Preoperative blood samples from the patient were drawn by antecubital venipuncture within 1 week prior to the operation.
R0 was defined as the absence of macroscopic residual disease (RD) after surgery. R1 was defined as a maximal diameter of the macroscopic residual disease after a cytoreduction of <1 cm. R2 was defined as a maximal diameter of residual disease of ≥1 cm. Chemosensitivity was defined as a time interval of 6 months or longer between the completion of platinum-based chemotherapy and the detection of relapse. Chemoresistance was defined as disease progression during adjuvant chemotherapy or within the 6-month interval between the completion of chemotherapy and detection of a relapse.
PFS was defined as the time interval from the date of primary surgery to the date of disease progression or recurrence. OS was defined as the time interval from the date of the primary surgery to the date of death or the last follow-up.
SPSS software (version 21.0) and GraphPad Prism (version 6.0) were used for statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used for the demographic data and were summarized as the medians with the interquartile ranges (IQRs) or ranges, or the frequencies with the percentages. The categorical data were compared with chi-square or Fisher's exact tests as appropriate. The PFS and OS were analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method, and log-rank tests were used in the univariate analyses. For the multivariate analyses, Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the prognostic factors, which were expressed as hazard ratios (HRs). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant, and all reported P values were 2-sided.
Patient Characteristics and Their Correlations with NLR
The patient characteristics are shown in Table 1. The majority of the patients (800/875) had advanced stage (III-IV). The median (interquartile range, IQR) neutrophil count was 4.6 (3.6–5.7)×109/L, and the median (IQR) lymphocyte count was 1.4 (1.1–1.8)×109/L. NLR ranged from 0.30 to 24.0, with a median level of 3.24.
Table 1. Patient Characteristics (n = 875).
Correlations of the clinical characteristics with preoperative NLR are summarized in Table 2. The median value 3.24 was used as the cutoff value to discriminate between the high-NLR (≥3.24) and low-NLR (<3.24) groups. A high preoperative NLR level was associated with an advanced FIGO stage (p<0.001), an increased CA125 level (p<0.001) and more extensive ascites (p<0.001).
Table 2. Patient clinical parameters and NLR.
Treatment Outcomes, Survival Analysis, and Their Correlations with NLR
After primary surgery, 272 (31.1%) of the patients were debulked to R0 and 434 (49.6%) were debulked to ≤1 cm with macroscopic disease (R1). As the extent of residual disease increased, the number of patients who presented with high NLR increased (p<0.001).
In our study, 849 (97.0%) patients had received platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy after primary surgery. Among these patients, 568 (66.9%) were chemosensitive (Table 1). A greater proportion of the patients with chemoresistant disease had a high NLR (60.3% vs 45.2%, p<0.001) compared with the chemosensitive patients.
The median follow-up time was 29 (1–115) months. 104 (11.9%) women experienced disease progression during adjuvant chemotherapy, 499 (57.0%) patients exhibited documented recurrence, and 345 (39.4%) deaths were documented. The median (95% CI) PFS was 18 (16.8–19.2) months, and the median (95% CI) OS was 58 (51.4–64.6) months, respectively.
The known negative influences of an advanced FIGO stage (p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively), the presence of residual disease (R0 vs R1+R2: p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively), and chemoresistance (p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively) for PFS and OS were confirmed by univariate analyses.
In the univariate analysis, a high NLR was associated with impaired PFS (16.0 (14.4–17.6) vs 21.0 (18.2–23.8) months, p<0.001, Fig 1A). In the multivariate analysis with adjustments for age, FIGO stage, cytoreduction outcome and chemosensitivity status, high NLR was also an independent predictor of a poorer PFS (HR = 1.250, 95% CI, 1.052–1.484, p = 0.011; Table 3).
Fig 1. Kaplan-Meier curve of PFS and OS stratified by NLR level.
Table 3. Multivariable analysis of factors associated with PFS.
A high NLR was also associated with a shorter OS in the univariate analysis (45.0 (38.9–51.1) vs 69.0 (59.1–78.9) months, p<0.001, Fig 1B). In the multivariate analysis with adjustments for age, FIGO stage, cytoreduction outcome and chemosensitivity status, NLR was not independently associated with OS (HR = 1.189, 0.940–1.504, p = 0.148; Table 4).
Table 4. Multivariable analysis of factors associated with OS.
In this large mono-institutional study, we demonstrated that the preoperative NLR was associated with the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Additionally, a high NLR was correlated with impaired PFS and OS in Chinese patients with HGSC.
Links between inflammation and cancer development have garnered much interest in the past few decades[3]. It's well established that hematological markers of systemic inflammation (including C-reactive protein, albumin, neutrophils and so on) could help predict survival in patients with various types of cancer[12–15]. Among these predictors, NLR is a reproducible and widely available laboratory hematological marker in our routine clinical practice. Several studies have shown that an elevated NLR was associated with impaired prognosis in patients with many cancers[4–7]. However, the results from other studies were inconsistent[16–18]. For instance, Suppan et al[18] found no predictive or prognostic value in breast cancer patients.
The data on ovarian cancer are quite limited. Cho et al[9] studied the NLR levels in epithelial ovarian cancer patients compared with those in patients with benign ovarian tumors, benign gynecologic disease, and healthy controls. They found that NLR levels could help identify ovarian cancer cases (sensitivity = 66.1% and specificity = 82.7%) and predict OS (HR = 8.42 (1.09–64.84), p = 0.041). Williams et al[19] have further confirmed that higher NLR levels were associated with various clinical characteristics (including higher tumor stage and grade, the presence of ascites and so on) and impaired prognosis in 519 ovarian cancer patients. Furthermore, Raungkaewmanee et al[10] found no correlation between NLR and PFS or OS in ovarian cancer patients.
Our findings are in accordance with several previously published data. We have proven that high NLR levels were associated with an advanced FIGO stage, an increased CA125 level and more extensive ascites. Moreover, our study demonstrated that lower NLR level was correlated with better cytoreduction outcome. Therefore, NLR could reflect tumor burden and be used to predict debulking outcomes for ovarian cancer patients.
In addition, we found that greater proportions of the HGSC patients with chemoresistant disease had higher NLR levels compared with the chemosensitive patients. Wang et al[17] have drawn similar conclusion that patients with higher NLR level had significantly lower complete chemotherapy response rates. These above results indicate the potential role of NLR to predict ovarian cancer patient chemosenstivity.
Furthermore, for prognostic analysis, the NLR level was a negative independent predictor of PFS (p = 0.011), but not OS (p = 0.148) as a dichotomous variable. However, NLR was a negative independent predictor of both PFS and OS as a continuous variable. This may be due to the selection of cutoff value to discriminate between the high-NLR and low-NLR groups. In previous studies, the cutoff value was determined by several methods (such as the interquartile level, receiver operating curve (ROC) for cytoreduction outcomes, ROC for OS and so on)[9, 10, 15, 20]. Thus, it's difficult to evaluate which method is the best. Our study selected the median NLR level as the cutoff value, and this was convenient to dichotomize NLR into low and high groups with equal cases. Prevalence studies of the NLR levels in healthy women should be completed to determine the normal range of NLR, and this would help to define high NLR levels.
A limitation in our study is that it was a retrospective study that depended on accurate documentation, and thus, the potential for recall bias existed. Notwithstanding its limitation, this was a mono-institutional retrospective study that involved a group of homogenous patients with the same histology who underwent similar treatment strategies. Our study demonstrated that the NLR could reflect tumor burden and clinical outcomes to a certain extent, and should be regarded as a predictive and prognostic parameter for HGSC.
We would like to thank all doctors, nurses, patients, and their family members for their kindness to support our study.
Conceived and designed the experiments: ZF HW XHW. Performed the experiments: ZF HW RB. Analyzed the data: ZF HW. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: ZF HW RB XZJ XJC WTY. Wrote the paper: ZF HW XHW.
1. Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015 Mar;65(2):87–108. pmid:25651787
2. Berek JS, Crum C, Friedlander M. Cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2012;119 Suppl 2:S118–S29. pmid:22999503
3. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011 Mar 4;144(5):646–74. pmid:21376230
4. Walsh SR, Cook EJ, Goulder F, Justin TA, Keeling NJ. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. Journal of surgical oncology. 2005 Sep 1;91(3):181–4. pmid:16118772
5. Goh BK, Chok AY, Allen JC Jr., Quek R, Teo MC, Chow PK, et al. Blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios are independent prognostic factors for surgically resected gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Surgery. 2015 Dec 10.
6. Han S, Liu Y, Li Q, Li Z, Hou H, Wu A. Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with neutrophil and T-cell infiltration and predicts clinical outcome in patients with glioblastoma. BMC cancer. 2015;15:617. pmid:26341881
7. Zhang GM, Zhu Y, Ma XC, Qin XJ, Wan FN, Dai B, et al. Pretreatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Predictor of Advanced Prostate Cancer and Biochemical Recurrence in Patients Receiving Radical Prostatectomy. Medicine. 2015 Oct;94(41):e1473. pmid:26469891
8. Asano Y, Kashiwagi S, Onoda N, Noda S, Kawajiri H, Takashima T, et al. Predictive Value of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio for Efficacy of Preoperative Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Annals of surgical oncology. 2015 Oct 28.
9. Cho H, Hur HW, Kim SW, Kim SH, Kim JH, Kim YT, et al. Pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is elevated in epithelial ovarian cancer and predicts survival after treatment. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy: CII. 2009 Jan;58(1):15–23. pmid:18414853
10. Raungkaewmanee S, Tangjitgamol S, Manusirivithaya S, Srijaipracharoen S, Thavaramara T. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for epithelial ovarian cancer. Journal of gynecologic oncology. 2012 Oct;23(4):265–73. pmid:23094130
11. Kurman RJ, Shih I-M. The Origin and Pathogenesis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Proposed Unifying Theory. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010 Mar;34(3):433–43. pmid:20154587
12. Ishizuka M, Nagata H, Takagi K, Iwasaki Y, Shibuya N, Kubota K. Clinical Significance of the C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio for Survival After Surgery for Colorectal Cancer. Annals of surgical oncology. 2015 Nov 3.
13. Li MX, Bi XY, Li ZY, Huang Z, Han Y, Zhou JG, et al. Prognostic Role of Glasgow Prognostic Score in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine. 2015 Dec;94(49):e2133. pmid:26656342
14. Bishara S, Griffin M, Cargill A, Bali A, Gore ME, Kaye SB, et al. Pre-treatment white blood cell subtypes as prognostic indicators in ovarian cancer. European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. 2008 May;138(1):71–5. pmid:17644243
15. Guthrie GJ, Charles KA, Roxburgh CS, Horgan PG, McMillan DC, Clarke SJ. The systemic inflammation-based neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: experience in patients with cancer. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. 2013 Oct;88(1):218–30. pmid:23602134
16. Que Y, Qiu H, Li Y, Chen Y, Xiao W, Zhou Z, et al. Preoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio is superior to neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for soft-tissue sarcoma. BMC cancer. 2015;15:648. pmid:26432433
17. Wang Y, Liu P, Xu Y, Zhang W, Tong L, Guo Z, et al. Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and prognosis in serous ovarian cancer. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2015 Feb;75(2):255–62. pmid:25428515
18. Suppan C, Bjelic-Radisic V, La Garde M, Groselj-Strele A, Eberhard K, Samonigg H, et al. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio has no predictive or prognostic value in breast cancer patients undergoing preoperative systemic therapy. BMC cancer. 2015;15(1):1027.
19. Williams KA, Labidi-Galy SI, Terry KL, Vitonis AF, Welch WR, Goodman A, et al. Prognostic significance and predictors of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in ovarian cancer. Gynecologic oncology. 2014 Mar;132(3):542–50. pmid:24462730
20. Zhang WW, Liu KJ, Hu GL, Liang WJ. Preoperative platelet/lymphocyte ratio is a superior prognostic factor compared to other systemic inflammatory response markers in ovarian cancer patients. Tumour biology: the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. 2015 Nov;36(11):8831–7.
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That's Carson off to the side. He replaced Lawford after Frank has a falling out with the Kennedy's over his mob ties.
I knew that was Carson. I didn't know he was considered a member of the Rat Pack at some point.
He wasn't, but he took Lawford's place on stage when Frank had that falling out with the Kennedys. Bobby Kennedy thought Sinatra's ties to organized crime were too close. A snub was made. Not the first time the Kennedys snubbed a Rat Pack member.
No, the glass eye wouldn't have been a problem unless he was wearing one of his designer eyes or his patch. But now you made me snicker for a totally different reason. Dad had a glass eye. He also had false teeth. At night, his teeth went in a glass dish in the medicine chest and his glass eye went in a shot glass on the next shelf up. Imagine being 4, climbing on the sink to get your tooth brush, looking in the medicine chest and having it not only look back at you, but smiling at the same time.


This workshop aimed to identify innovative new technologies that can be used to generate new science, as well as the implications for data quality, and key methodological research needs.
Drawing on evidence from across the longitudinal studies in CLOSER, and beyond, this workshop discussed evidence gathered to date on the use of new technologies to measure non-health topics.
Examples of these new technologies include data collection using smartphone features (apps, GPS etc.), wearable devices and other types of monitors. That is, any methods that can be used to measure key variables more accurately, or perhaps in a less burdensome way, or to respond to new and emerging research needs in non-health areas.
Building on presentations and discussions, the workshop aimed to identify innovative new technologies that can be used to generate new science, the implications for data quality, and key methodological research needs.
Abstracts for each presentation are available to view here.


Once the terrible twos or the terrific twos are over parents heave a sigh. Tantrums come down and toddlers enter into the early childhood stage. But do note that the changes do not happen overnight. Change happens slowly and gradually.
At the age of three children are ready for school in our country. Let us look at the socio-emotional development during the phase 3-7 years.
Social learning happens through identification with adults around the child and especially with the primary caregivers/parents.
Bonding increases between parents and children as they begin to understand each other better. This is because communication improves. The parent can have a proper conversation, ask questions and receive answers too. How parents wait for this phase!
Children observe, imitate and absorb a lot during this phase. They are like sponges. This stage is hence very crucial for laying the foundation of values, habits and character.
Also Read:How to nurture social emotional development of your child?
Children like to play in a mixed group, often tailing an older child. It is common to see them playing 'family' among themselves. It is interesting to note how they use certain words or phrases while playing pretend games.
This is also a stage where children are very upright and yearn to be in your good books and that of the teacher. They like to be praised/appreciated as 'good' children. Your approval essential. It is the bedrock of esteem. Your patience and motivation is required to boost their confidence and self-esteem. This is also an important phase where you can express disapproval of certain behaviours so that they pick up the right ones.
Shy and sensitive children may take time to make friends. They may have fewer but form deeper friendships. Give them the space to do so. Do not force your shy child to be an extrovert. They would blossom later. Not all can be public speakers and drama artists.
Give exposure to various kinds of food and table manners. Proper manners and exposure to various foods makes for a least fussy child. Food plays a vital role as children grow in height and weight. Make sure you have family meals at least once a day or during the weekends. Family meals is a crucial bonding time.
Children move towards being independent. They like to button their shirts or wear their shoes. The progress would be slow. So do not be impatient rather make it easier for them. Keep their things at easy reach. They are also particular about their privacy. Most Indian parents like to show off their child reciting a poem or singing in front of guests. Most children excepting for extroverts do not like this.
Who does not like to make their own decisions? Making decisions is part of growing up, part of exerting their independence and identity. Your child needs freedom to choose but do not leave it entirely to him/her. Make them feel good by limiting the choices. For example bath time now or after ten minutes; this dish or that for dinner. Children are very very picky about their dressing up during this phase. Don't get stressed if your child wants to wear the same t shirt or dress every time you have to go out. It is a temporary and a passing phase.
The ability to cope increases during this phase. Please remember that the basic personality he/she had during the toddler phase would not change. A sensitive child would remain so but would know to cope better because he/she can now use more words. The child understands situations better too. Talk to your child a lot.
Social skills and cooperative play begins now. But children are not to be left by themselves from 3-4 years specially. They have to be supervised and guided. This will avoid bullying. It will help you to teach sportsmanship, sharing and caring among children. All you have to do is be nearby while your child is playing. Safety of the child is also taken care of. Aside from outdoor play, pretend play, indoor games are equally important.
Anger and aggression are common ways of expressing emotions. Here the parent requires to be calm and handle the child properly. By being equally aggressive, hitting your child will send confused signals. How can you teach your child aggression is wrong if you hit your child? Be cautious of the language you use.
Separation anxiety is common. They like their comfort zone. Children may not enjoy a long vacation like adults. They may get cranky and say they want to go home. Similarly they exhibit pangs of anxiety when they begin school new or after a vacation.
Nightmares, bed wetting sleep talk are also common. Do not mock them or nag them. They will outgrow these.
Providing a safe, emotionally stable environment is very important for your child to grow up as a balanced, healthy individual.
precisely written about this phase of kids.. very good writeup..
Why your child does not hear you!! what they are a..


Artzone's Painting Class aims to help develop student s skills & techniques so you can get the most out of your painting experience. During the course we aim to cover areas like Landscape, Still Life, Portraiture and Painting from Observation. We primarily work with Acrylics but do not limit ourselves to any one medium combining acrylics with charcoal, pastels etc. Throughout the course we work on different skills, methods & techniques in paint, like colour mixing & paint application.
Run by highly experienced & qualified teachers.
For information about Artzone Studios, please visit our college page on www.nightcourses.com by clicking here.


Every DIRECTV package includes local channels at no extra cost. Make sure you're in the loop on the news, sports and stories from the Bowling Green community with local channels on DIRECTV.1 The list of DIRECTV channel and local affiliates will keep you in the know in Bowling Green. Call today to schedule your DIRECTV installation with a professional local installer.
DIRECTV bundles connect you to top TV and Internet services in Bowling Green. Order today and take advantage of special offers available in your area.
Start your new home in Bowling Green off right with the #1 satellite TV service in the country. For added moving convenience, bundle Internet and home phone with your DIRECTV package.


The Lafayette Ballroom is a beautiful place to celebrate your wedding or special event. Couples can choose The Lafayette Ballroom, The Courtyard Garden or The Tavern for their event. Each location has its own unique ambiance, and can be adapted to perfectly meet your needs, from an elegant ballroom event to a relaxed, down-home wedding. Our experienced event managers will work with you from initial planning through the last detail on your wedding day, and you will fall in love with our wonderful staff. The 4,000 square foot ballroom will accomodate up to 300 guests depending on set-up. Our package includes all tables, chairs, table linens and skirting, linen napkins, overlays, set-up and break-down, and event manager at no additional charge. The bride and groom will also have a complimentary hotel room at Lafayette Garden Inn for their wedding night, along with an iced bottle of champagne. If you decide to use our in-house caterer, Lafayette Executive Catering, then your glasses, silverware, and plates are also included in your package at no additional charge. A free tasting for up to four guests is also included in your package. The charming Courtyard Garden can seat up to 90 guests for an outdoor event, and the Tavern can seat up to 100 people for a more casual event. Call us today to schedule a site visit!


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Canterbury Primary Science Partnership
Keep calm…and be kind
Running a busy programme of partnership projects at a school is a bit strange at the moment – and changing by the hour. Our work is all about bringing people together, with pupils and colleagues learning from each other and volunteering in the wider Canterbury community – not easy in the current situation!
Breaking down barriers has suddenly become more difficult; barriers are rapidly being put up, as not only the coronavirus spreads, but so too does alarm. No one really knows how the pandemic will play out and it's natural to fear the unknown. Sadly, we read in the papers that irrational behaviour has led to panic, intolerance and unkindness – qualities that none of us would want to encourage in our young people. Does a King's education equip our pupils with the resilience and compassion needed to face these uncertain times?
Alongside their studies and co-curricular activities, we encourage our pupils to give their time outside the King's community, and thereby foster an increasingly open, inclusive mindset. A large proportion of our pupils and staff go out to volunteer regularly at primary schools, care homes and through our many partnerships, and we welcome increasing numbers of guests into the school for talks, educational or enrichment projects and events. With restrictions on travel and gatherings, as well as the inevitable self-isolation, our calendar is looking a little – well, hopeful! We are, however, collating free online learning resources to share with our networks.
Looking at the pupils' own volunteering record from this term so far, we can see that they have given nearly 1000 hours of their time and that the majority say they have developed, amongst other attributes, courtesy and kindness or patience, sensitivity and empathy: vital character skills to see us through these challenging times.
The spirit of community action here dates right back to the monastic origins of the school in St. Augustine's time around 597 CE and the school has certainly had to face other difficult periods in its long history. We hope that, inspired by our work beyond our school gates, we can remain positive, resilient – and kind – and help those more vulnerable than ourselves wherever we can.
Christina Astin, Head of Partnerships
King's School volunteers
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On Sunday, April 22nd, we are partnering with Spodak Dental to remove all the unwanted pollution from our beach and playground. Bring your friends and have some fun in the sun!
We will have participation forms for everyone to fill out, as well as trash pickers, gloves and buckets. PLEASE BRING WATER WITH YOU! We will do our best to keep the jug filled, but it's always best to bring your reusable water bottles.
IF YOU NEED COMMUNITY SERVICE HOURS, please bring your sheets to any of our chapter members, and they will sign off on the time you spent helping us clean the beach.
Email volunteercoordinator@palmbeachcounty.surfrider.org with any questions!


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Home Disability
October is National Disability Employment Awareness Month
byVilissa Thompson
in Disability, Education
On September 30, 2013, President Barack Obama issued a proclamation declaring October 2013 as National Disability Employment Awareness Month. In his proclamation, the President urged employers and those in hiring positions to seek out individuals with disabilities to participate in our workforce and contribute their unique gifts and talents to our society.
According to the U.S. Department of Labor Office of Disability Employment Policy's website, as of August 2013, only 20.5% of people with disabilities in America were active participants in the American labor force; those without disabilities made up 69.1% of the labor force. The overall unemployment rate in America for August 2013 was 7.1%; the unemployment rate of people with disabilities, however, was 14.1%.
At the time of the article, the figures for September 2013 have not been updated onto the Department's website due to the government shutdown. With people with disabilities making up such a small percentage of the workforce and yet a very high percentage of unemployment when compared to their able-bodied counterparts, this puts the population at an incredible disadvantage socially, financially, educationally, mentally, and hinders their ability to become independent members in society.
The observance of National Disability Employment Awareness Month shines a spotlight on the struggles people with disabilities endure in their journey to being viewed as desirable employing candidates. There are many myths that hiring personnel and corporations have about hiring those with disabilities.
Some of these myths are: the accommodations that a person may require will be too costly to afford; fear that people with disabilities may not perform near or at the same levels as their able-bodied peers; people with disabilities do not have the required educational backgrounds and skill sets needed for the positions that are available; and people with disabilities do not desire to work.
All of these myths are erroneous, yet they pervade the minds of hiring professionals who, either intentionally or unintentionally, doubt the potential of aspiring employable candidates who are disabled.
There are several organizations that exist to debunk the myths about hiring those with disabilities, and provide these employable individuals with a platform to showcase their skills and abilities. One prominent campaign is the What Can You Do? campaign, an initiative that seeks to boost the employability of those with disabilities by encouraging organizations to recognize the many talents and values those within this group possesses, and the gains (especially financial) their organizations could reap by hiring these individuals.
Another newcomer in pushing the employability of people with disabilities to the forefront is Out of Step, an online marketplace connecting people with disabilities to potential employers and customers. Out of Step allows people with disabilities to create profiles where they can list the skills, services, and knowledge they have that could prove useful to those who are in need of such resources.
DiversityInc has created two downloadable files that discusses the history of the disability employment observance, which began in 1945 by Congress, and was held for only a week. During that time, it was called "National Employ the Physically Handicapped Week." In 1962, the observance was renamed to include individuals of all different abilities, not just those with physical limitations.
By 1988, the name of the observance was changed to "National Disability Employment Awareness Month," and was expanded to a full month. Educating society about the historical account of the observance, along with the statistics of employability among people with disabilities is imperative in knowing where we as a society have been successful in providing employment opportunities to those with disabilities, and where the remaining gaps are still prevalent.
To organizations and hiring personnel: Do your organization purposefully seek out employable individuals who are disabled? If so, how and why did your company make this a priority? If your company has not made it a priority to hire those within this group, what reasoning, myths, and/or stereotypes do your agency/company hold true in your inaction or reluctance? What are the potential losses your organization may be enduring by not taking advantage of the skills and abilities of those within this population? Can your company or organization afford to be behind the curve in comparison to organizations that purposefully seek those with disabilities?
If anyone is willing to answer any of the following questions, please contact me via email, [email protected] I would love to hear why or why not your company has made hiring those with disabilities a priority.
(Featured headline image: Courtesy of Independent.co.uk)
Government Shutdown Is Over But What Does It Mean
Tell Your Story or Someone Else Will: Child Welfare's PR Problem
Vilissa Thompson
Vilissa Thompson, LMSW is the Disability and Advocacy Staff Writer for Social Work Helper, and she is also the Founder of Ramp Your Voice! In addition to being a Disability Rights Consultant and Advocate, Vilissa seeks to propel the faces and voices of people of color with disabilities both within the disability community and in the general public. Vilissa can be contacted via email at [email protected], or by visiting the Ramp Your Voice! website at http://www.rampyourvoice.com/.
Human Trafficking Case Manager and Research Analyst Focus Group
The Positive Impact Social Work Can Have on Public Education
How Social Workers Can Practice Trauma-Informed Care
What Do You Know About Disability Cultural Competence?
Project-Based Learning for the Virtual Classroom
Tell Your Story or Someone Else Will: Child Welfare's PR Problem
NFL Goes Purple But A Social Worker Calls Them Out On Domestic Violence


Within the United States, the ProPep® Nerve Monitoring System is sold via a direct sales force and a few select distributors. Outside the United States, the ProPep® Nerve Monitoring System is sold via specialty medical device distributors. For additional information regarding our products or to arrange a product demonstration, please contact your country's distributor directly.
If you would like additional information about our products or a distributor is not listed in your country, please contact us at (512) 617-6740 or via email.


The analyst's office, though, said Friday there is little sign that such a downturn is imminent. The 3.3 percent growth in personal income tax collections projected in Brown's budget for 2017-18 is well below the norm for a typical growth year, the LAO said.
That growth rate also is less than one-half the 8 percent average income tax revenue growth from 2009-10 through June 2017, and less than the income growth rates in the past 18 non-recession years. In addition, the report noted that Brown's proposal assumes a healthy stock market, yet projects that capital gains revenue for California will decline in 2017.
"We cannot reconcile these conflicting projections," the LAO wrote.
The analyst's office and Brown are on the same page regarding uncertainties about the economy's future and possible federal government actions. The Legislature, Friday's report said, may want to increase the state's total reserves to the $9.4 billion proposed by Brown, or even more.


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Dan Mohler
Francis Chan
GoodTree
The Last Reformation
Pete Cabrera Jr
RIG Nation
Tragic: 14-Year-Old Israeli American Girl Suffers and Dies from COVID Vaccine – Makes a Video of Her Story Five Days Before Her Death
Published by on January 7, 2022
Sarah Jessica Blattner, a 14-year-old Israeli American girl with an underlying health condition, died in her sleep on October 12th reportedly from a heart attack after receiving one dose of the Pfizer vaccine five months earlier.
Her parents decided to finally speak out three months after her death and urged the public not to vaccinate their kids. In their case, it was a big "mistake."
Blattner was diagnosed with cancer when she was nine months old. She survived and has been living cancer-free for 11 years according to her Twitter post way back in 2020.
Hi @ColleenB123 my name is Sarah Jessica and I was diagnosed with cancer when I was nine months old and I survived now I am 11 years cancer free (I am 13 years old now) I donated $10.09 and would love to have one of the zoom calls or the merch or the iPad #cancerbackoff pic.twitter.com/MxoB1zpvie
— Sara Jessica Blattner (@ThisisSJB) November 29, 2020
According to a Facebook post, Blattner's mom, Ilana, shared that they need to give her the COVID vaccine because she is at risk due to her underlying health condition. "It was important for us to give her the vaccine due to low lung capacity due to scoliosis (spinal curvature) that developed from a young age (because of an oncological disease from which she suffered up to two years old)."
Before Blattner received the vaccine, she underwent surgery that was supposed to improve her leg rest and her posture. A day after the surgery, she was able to walk.
Suddenly she couldn't stand or walk one week after receiving the vaccine. Her doctor admitted it was a neurological phenomenon related to the vaccine and it would pass. Also, a few days before her death, she complained about her strong heartbeats. Her doctors assumed she probably had a heart attack.
Read the full excerpt from the Facebook post:
Sarah Jessica Baltner 14.5-year-old Israeli American girl, went to sleep on October 12 and didn't wake up. This happened 5 months after receiving one dose of the Pfizer vaccine.
Alex brother lives in Israel and he contacted us. Ilana, mother of Alex and Sarah Jessica RIP, is a former Israeli and lives in Miami. Oshri Shamir from the documentaries team spoke to the mother and brings her testimony. Our hearts are with the family and our sincere condolences.
Ilana, mother of Sarah-Jessica, 14 years old, tells:
"At 14.5 my daughter received the Pfizer vaccine for Corona.
It was important for us to give her the vaccine due to low lung capacity due to scoliosis (spinal curvature) that developed from a young age (because of an oncological disease from which she suffered up to two years old).
Ten days before the vaccination she underwent surgery that was supposed to improve her leg rest and her posture. It is important to understand that immediately after the same surgery she went and everything was fine. A week after the vaccine she suddenly couldn't stand or walk and the doctors who tested her said it was a neurological phenomenon related to the vaccine and it would pass. And yet, she worked and restored great within two months.
On October 12th she came back from school, I was shopping with her and she went to sleep. At 4am I walked into her room, she couldn't fall asleep so I covered her in a blanket and stayed with her until she fell asleep. At 8:30 am I walked into her room and she was no longer alive.
Only then did I remember that a few days ago she complained about strong heartbeats and I thought she was probably stressed because of school. I didn't think for a moment that there was a problem with her heart. There never was.
Doctors said she probably had a heart attack or something electrical in her heart. We didn't agree on the post-death opening.
14 and 9 months old was in her death. A beautiful and talented girl, she had a YouTube channel and Tik Tok and Instagram.
5 days before she died she recorded a video of her telling her "immune story". I'm sure this isn't a case and that's also why it's important for me to hear her story. I don't want it to be for nothing, I don't wish it to happen to other kids. This material should not be given to children in any way. This is simply a mistake. Please listen to me and my daughter's story. Please. "
Blattner's dad commented on the video she made five days before she died and said not to vaccinate anyone under the age of 24,
"She was our beautiful angel. Full of ambition, drive, passion and love. Her life was in front… the pain is unbearable. Make sure not to vaccinate anyone under the age of 24. There is no medical advantage and, in our case, total loss……"
Jessica Blattner's passing was publicly announced by Riverside Gordon Memorial Chapels in Miami, FL.
Here's a 3-minute short clip from her 14-minute testimony posted on her Youtube account in December:
You can watch the full video here.
The post Tragic: 14-Year-Old Israeli American Girl Suffers and Dies from COVID Vaccine – Makes a Video of Her Story Five Days Before Her Death appeared first on The Gateway Pundit.
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