text:
American Crime Story season 3: Will there be another season?
AMERICAN CRIME STORY season 2 is coming to an end as the tragic story of The Assassination of Gianni Versace wraps up tonight. Some fans have been wondering if there will be an American Crime Story 3, here's everything we know so far about a new series.
By Neela Debnath Neela Debnath
PUBLISHED: 22:05, Wed, Apr 25, 2018 | UPDATED: 22:05, Wed, Apr 25, 2018
Will there be another season of American Crime Story?
Yes, FX recommissioned Ryan Murphy's true-crime anthology series for a third run back in 2016.
Season three will be titled American Crime Story: Katrina and will focus on the devastating hurricane that struck New Orleans back in 2005.
American Crime Story: Katrina was initially going to be the second season and the follow up to The People v. O. J. Simpson.
However, the production team wanted more time to justice to the expansive story and the events of Hurricane Katrina, so the run was pushed back.
Instead, The Assassination of Gianni Versace became the subject of the second run.
AMERICAN CRIME STORY SEASON 3 KATRINA RELEASE DATE
American Crime Story set to cover Monica Lewinsky sex scandal
American Crime Story season 2 UK date: When does it air?
When will American Crime Story season 3 be released?
Season one premiered in the US on FX in February 2016, while the follow up debuted in January this year.
British audiences had to wait several weeks for American Crime Story to be broadcast on BBC Two in the UK.
Going by this timescale, American Crime Story: Katrina could be released in early 2020, however it appears that production is already underway on season three which means it could be out before then.
Speaking to The Hollywood Reporter, Murphy, 52, explained: "I want this show to be a socially conscious, socially aware examination of different types of crime around the world."
The producer went on to say: "And in my opinion, Katrina was a f***ing crime — a crime against a lot of people who didn't have a strong voice and we're going to treat it as a crime. That's what this show is all about."
American Crime Story is returning for season 3
Darren Criss in American Crime Story: The Assassination of Gianni Versace
What will American Crime Story season 3 be about?
American Crime Story: Katrina will be based on Five Days at Memorial: Life and Death in a Storm-Ravaged Hospital by Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Sheri Fink.
The non-fiction book was published in 2013 and charts the heartbreaking decisions medical staff at the Memorial Medical Center in New Orleans had to make after thousands were left trapped at the hospital for days without power.
During those five days, the doctors and nurses at the hospital led by Dr Anna Pou euthanised a number of critically ill patients before the centre was evacuated on day five of the devastating natural disaster that continues to affect people today.
The book looks at the legal and ethical ramifications of euthanasia as well as the medical choices made during natural disasters.
It's expected that writer Fink will be involved in the production of season three, according to Deadline.
Sarah Paulson will be returning to American Horror Story for season 3
Hurricane Katrina: 10 years on
Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in Louisiana and surrounding areas in 2005. Here is a look at the destruction caused and how the state of Louisiana has been repaired.
Photographer Carlos Barria holds a print of a photograph he took in 2005, as he matches it up at the same location 10 years on
Who will be in American Crime Story season 3?
Emmy-winning actress Sarah Paulson is said to be taking on the role of Dr Anna Pou in American Crime Story: Katrina.
The 43-year-old has frequently collaborated with Murphy in the past on American Horror Story and Nip/Tuck.
Her turn as attorney Marcia Clark in American Crime Story season one earned her an Emmy for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie.
Casting appears to be in the early stages but it's likely that Murphy will bring on board other actors he's worked with before.
American Crime Story season 2: The Assassination of Gianni Versace concludes tonight.
American Crime Story season 3 will focus on murder of Gianni Versace
Gianni Versace murder to be subject of American Crime Story series
The Assassination Of Gianni Versace: Trailer released for crime drama
WWE RAW: What's next for Bray Wyatt after terrifying return following Extreme Rules?
Neymar tells PSG he wants to quit in showdown talks with Barcelona eyeing stunning return
Meghan Markle changes yet another jewellery gift from Harry as Duchess shows off earrings
Emmerdale spoilers: Rishi Sharma in serious trouble after unforgivable Kim Tate deal?
As Sky TV customers offered free Samsung gift, Virgin Media cuts price of TV and broadband
Coronation Street spoilers: Michelle Connor destroys Robert as she uncovers dark truth?
The Handmaid's Tale season 3: Commander Lawrence's fate revealed in Aunt Lydia threat?
Game of Thrones: Jaqen H'ghar given secret message by Ned Stark to train daughter Arya?
Good Witch season 6 release date, cast, trailer, plot: When is Good Witch out?
Love Island 2019: 'Staged' Fans in uproar as dumping frees Michael to couple with Amber
Outlander season 5 spoilers: Jamie Fraser's ghost twist explained in pivotal Claire scene?
University Challenge player swears in crushing defeat and fans are shocked - did you see?
The Handmaid's Tale: Who plays Aunt Lydia's love interest? Who is John Ortiz?
EastEnders spoilers: Phil Mitchell infuriated as Shirley crosses him in unforgivable move?
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• PowerPoint lectures given by Sunny Massad.
• A step-by-step instruction manual.
• A workbook filled with dozens of exercises to help you get clear about what you'll want to do with your newly acquired life coaching skills and how to do it in a way that works for you.
• One-on-one mentoring with the faculty mentor of your choosing, either Sunny Massad or Jessie Mowry, to help you clarify your vision and ensure that your plan for executing that vision is exciting enough that you will follow through on it.
• Twice-a-month calls with your faculty mentor, either Sunny Massad or Jessie Mowry, both entrepreneurs who ran their own private practices. to ensure that your business strategy makes sense for your particular location and unique skill-set.
Who should take this Life Coach Career training?
Most graduates, even from graduate schools in psychology, don't learn how to start, market, or run their own private practices. The Life Coach certification part of the training will teach you coaching skills that will greatly enhance your resume if you want to use them to move into managerial or other leadership positions, and will prepare you to open your own private practice if you decide to do that. Track 2 is an optional bonus training that will teach you how to start a private practice as a Life Coach or Consultant, whether you choose to do that on a part-time or full-time basis. You will learn practical entrepreneurial skills that will help you to run a successful coaching business – even on a shoestring budget!
What will I learn in this Online Life Coach Business Training?
This is an experiential learning environment where you will determine how much you want and need to earn, how many clients or students you would need to procure to meet those financial goals, and how to implement your own customized plan to ensure ongoing success as a professional life coach or business consultant.
How is this Private Practice Training Unique?
The focus of Track 2: How to Start, Run, and Market a Private Practice is to help you to overcome obstacles that might prevent you from enhancing the lives of others, both as a coach and also as a role model.
Because most women attracted to the coaching profession are motivated by an authentic desire to help others, we do not rely on "hard sell tactics." We will help you find ways to market your life coaching business that align with your values so that any aversion to sales and marketing doesn't deter you from creating a successful career that honors your inner calling.
What will I learn in the "How to Start a Private Practice" Training?
This is a hands-on, self-reflective practicum specifically designed to help you decide whether to start your own private practice, what to specialize in, and how to get the word out. We will discuss how keywords and initial website development will determine where you'll appear in an online search, what to do with business cards and brochures, where to find the type of clients you want to work with, how much to charge, how to find your perfect niche (regardless of competitors in your area), whether to offer classes or other materials to create an ancillary income stream, where to have your office, how to handle phone inquiries, how to handle discounts, how to determine if a client is right for you, how to start a mail list, whether to start a blog, and anything else you might particularly want to focus on. We customize this class for to meet the particular needs of each student. We highly recommend that our students create their businesses as they learn so they can utilize the assistance and expertise of their faculty mentor. Our goal is to insure that every student who graduates feels confident and able to start, market, and run her own successful business as a certified life coach or professional consultant.
There are no textbooks or quizzes in Track 2. This is an experiential "roll up your sleeves and design your ideal practice" training. There are many fill-in-the-blank pages in the workbook that you will be asked to fill out as homework and email to Sunny Massad for valuable mentoring.
You will have both a hard copy and a downloadable version of an extensive Workbook for this track. The PowerPoint lectures are elaborations of each page in the Workbook.
As you listen to the lectures, the pages that are discussed will pop up on your computer screen so that you never lose track.


Many of our clients are spread out both nationally and internationally so we don't always get the joy of sitting down together face to face. We though in those cases it might be great to give you a short video sample of some of our different album choices available here at DW. Keep in mind we have many more products available than this video has time for so we chose to highlight the most common ones we sell. Enjoy!


Since I'd upgraded to JOSM 3751 from 3701 I get red Error tiles around my local Imagery tiles. I'm using separate tms-servers for different local map areas but the tiles doesn't overlap. The red Error tiles though are overlapping the tiles from other servers. Is there a way to not show the red tiles?? I'm new to this so maybe I've missed some setting for this.
Each server corresponds to a different layer in the Imagery plugin, so make sure you have your layers visible in the right sidebar by pressing Alt+L or clicking the icon that looks like a little stack of paper in the left-hand vertical toolbar. You should see layer names like "Data Layer 1" or "Downloaded GPX Data", and more importantly all your TMS and WMS server layers.
You should then be able to click the little eye icon next to each layer to hide or show it. Sadly there doesn't seem to be a setting for turning off the ugly red error squares.
If only some zoom levels give you red error tiles (sometimes the server won't support 17 or 18 or higher for TMS, for example), try Edit→Preferences (F12), "WMS TMS" tab, and enter a maximum zoom for the problem servers. You may need to purge your cache to see any effect.
Red error tiles overlaying the Bing imagery.
NOTE: I am using a German version of JOSM so the following word translations to English could well be wrong!
As I could not see the point of the second line Bing:Bing? I elimated it and after a JOSM restart Bing imagery worked perfectly!


Exports increased by 1.4 percent to € 37.32 billion in February of 2015 as compared to a month earlier. Sales rose for: aircraft industry (+16.3 percent); chemical products (+5.7 percent); agricultural products (+4.3 percent); computers, electronics and optical products (+2.9 percent); jewelry, toys, furniture (+2.6 percent); automobile industry (+2.5 percent); wood, paper, cardboard (+2.1 percent); rubber products, plastics, various minerals (+0.6 percent) and perfumes and cosmetics (+0.3 percent). In contrast, outbond shipments dropped for: ships, train, motor (-41.8 percent); oil, refined oil (-20.9 percent); work of art, technical documentation and publishing products (-16.3 percent); natural hydrocarbons (-4.3 percent); metalurgical products and metal (-3.3 percent); electrical and household equipment (-2.2 percent) and pharmaceutical products (-0.9 percent).
Shipments increased to the Middle East countries (+18.0 percent) and the EU countries (+3.8 percent). In contrast, sales to Africa declined the most by 15.1 percent, followed by Asia countries (-1.5 percent) and American countries (-0.6 percent).
Imports rose by 0.6 percent to € 40.77 billion as compared to the previous month. Purchases increased for ships, trains and motors (+15.3 percent); pharmaceutical products (+4.4 percent); electrical and household equipment (+3.8 percent); textiles, leather (+2.8 percent); jewelry, toys and furniture (+2.4 percent); perfumes and cosmetics (+2.1 percent); industrial and agricultural machinery (+1.7 percent) and rubber products, plastics and various minerals (+0.0 percent). In contras, imports of oil and refined oil declined the most (-20.8 percent), followed by natural hydrocarbons (-5.4 percent); work of art, technical documentation and publishing products (-2.6 percent) and aerospace industry (-2.0 percent.
Purchases declined from Africa (-14.3 percent), the Middle East countries (-7.0 percent) and the EU countries (-1.0 percent). In contrast, inbound shipments increased from the American countries (5.1 percent) and Asia countries (+4.1 percent).
In February 2014, French posted a € 3.68 billion trade gap.


Summary FBX- Lynsey Monokini Outfit is a 3D set of character, hair and clothes. She has FBX- Lynsey' model with breasts, bodybuilder, portly, thin and voluptuous morphs. She also has ponytail hair. There is a Monokini. These clothes automatically adjust to the dynamic morph of the character model. It supported for FBX- Lynsey. It contains FBX and Maya' formats.


Why does God hate me? | Won't stop until I get what I want.
I really don't understand my life sometimes. Ever since my "you gotta know" post, there has been an uptick in interest. I have no idea why. Maybe we really should "wish they all could be Californian…" The timing has been the worst.
Why why why why why why?!?!?! Ugh. God must really hate me, or I am tremendously cursed with like 10 voodoo dolls.
In other news, I have extremely little motivation. Haven't trained in about 3 weeks. Getting fat. Loading up on carbs, beer, ice cream and just about anything else I can stuff into my face. I'm pretty much ready to give up on everything.
~ by jerseyquaker on May 27, 2010.


text:
Home of Iowa Field Hockey
Prospective Student-Athlete Questionnaire
Prospective Student-Athlete Information
2021 (XML)
Statistical History
#12 Kelly Rose
Hometown Ashburn, Va.
High School Broad Run
2021 Honors – Academic All-Big Ten selection. 2021 – Appeared in two games, logging 21 minutes.
2020 Honors — NFHCA Divisin I National Academic Squad selection. 2020 — Saw action against Penn State (3/7) and Michigan State (3/26).
High School — Four-time varsity starter and two-time team captain… earned all-conference and all-region Player of the Year honors in 2017… three-time first team all-conference and two-time first team all-region and all-county selection… earned second team all-state honors in 2017 and all-metropolitan honorable mention in 2017 and second team in 2018… four-time NFC Selection under coach Ralph Goodwin as a member of Metro Field Hockey Club and is a two-time Junior Olympian.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Everywhere you turn, it seems as though someone is trying to separate you from your hard-earned cash. If you want to keep your money safe, you need to avoid financial scams.
Mark Tan from Thrivent Financial joins us to talk about common scams and how to spot — and avoid — them. We also talk about identity theft, how to protect your identity and what to do if your identity is compromised.
What are the most common financial scams, and how do scammers prey on their victims?
What makes us think that scams are legit?


Elements Residences ticks all of the right boxes when it comes to what qualifies as the ultimate condo living experience for modern urban dwellers. The hip quality of this condominium and its array of modern features reflect the young and dynamic nature of its development team. With GFL Metro overseeing this project, you can rest assured that they have given it their all to maintain the standard that their firm has established over the years.
The location of Elements Residences is another factor that makes it attractive to investors. One of the obvious things that buyers look into is the proximity to other major establishments. While Elements Residences can offer that, what many prospect buyers fail to realize just how ideal the location is. It is certified to be flood-free zone and is also free from any active fault lines. You can have peace of mind knowing that your investment is secure, safe and stable.
But what makes Element Residences truly stand out is its commitment to eco-friendly design and features. Every detail of the planning was taken with much consideration in an effort to save energy. From the roof, to the interior lighting, and the fixtures, nothing is put to waste here! The developers wanted to make sure that the building will become sustainable in the long run. All the power generated and water collected are in turn used for the maintenance of the two towers. It is therefore the ideal condominium to invest in for those who consider themselves as eco-conscious. You will be proud to come home to the Elements Residences!


Briann Mcdonald - Realtor at EXP Realty, RealMarkets, Pearson Smith Realty Listings, Ask Gina & Company, a Northern Virginia Real Estate Team, Pride Settlement & Escrow, Pearson Smith Realty.
Want your business to be the top-listed Real Estate Agent in Ashburn, VA?
Providing Real Estate Services to the Northern VA area.
RealMarkets, affiliated with Century 21 New Millennium and Century 21 Commercial, offers residential and commercial real estate brokerage services.
Helping people buy or sell their home across DC, MD, and VA for almost 20 years.
I live in Leesburg, VA with my wife and 2 children. I'm a Realtor with Long & Foster in Ashburn. I can be reached at 703.726.3427 or [email protected] Visit me at markmiller.lnf.com.
We sell homes on average 3X faster & for up to 9% higher sale price than other agents in our area. We get results!
1 RE/MAX Select Properties, Inc.
Stephany Sells the DMV provides real estate services in DC, MD, and VA. Contact us for SUPERIOR service today. We appreciate the opportunity to SERVE you.


As an independent vehicle insurance agency, Brouillette Insurance Services works with many insurance companies and can help you compare protection and prices to find the coverage and value that's right for you.
We're your local agents – real, live members of the La Mesa, CA community, so we know how to get you the right insurance for your vehicle. Whether your insurance needs are for hitting the winter trails, taking a summer drive, or just the everyday commute, our team can help you find the right insurance to keep you covered.
Brouillette Insurance Services knows that in California, there are as many unique insurance needs as we have neighbors who live here!


All our vintage 746 telephones come with a 12 months guarantee. See our terms and conditions below for details.
We will do everything we can to ensure you are satisfied with your vintage phone. Customer satisfaction is very important to us.
If you have any problems you can email or phone us - our telephone number is 01709 578008.
In all cases, you must contact us within 7 days of receiving the item. This can be via email or phone, however, we will need a written record of your request within 7 days, so please email sales@oldvintagetelephones.co.uk in the first instance.
Please provide the reason for return and the item reference number.
We will repair any fault free of charge that may develop in your vintage telephone over the 12 month Guarantee period, however, postage costs both to and from our telephone workshop are at the customer's expense.
If the 746 telephone is found to be faulty or is not as described on the receipt you must notify us immediately by telephone or e-mail. We will either repair the 746 telephone or issue a full refund on the vintage telephone's return if the fault/problem cannot be rectified. In this instance all postage costs incurred will be reimbursed by ourselves.
Any accidental damage to any parts of the vintage telephone, whether it be electrical, mechanical or cosmetic will not be covered under our guarantee.
As stated on our website we only sell and post to UK addresses. If you have attempted to buy from or requested to have a phone delivered to a none UK address or an unconfirmed Paypal address we will refund you via PayPal minus the PayPal refund admin charge.
If the vintage 746 telephone is found to be incompatible with your network provider you must notify us within the 7 days and return the vintage telephone to us for a refund within 14 days. Postage costs incurred both to and from our telephone workshop are at the customer's expense.
If your telephone service provider uses "TalKTalk" Telephone Exchange equipment, as mentioned in our "746 Phone Questions" page some of the TalkTalk telephone exchanges have a poor tolerance to normal changes in rotary dial speeds. So if your telephone starts to dial out unreliably within the 12 months warranty we will be happy to recalibrate the telephone dial free of charge, however, we would require you to pay postage and packing in both directions in this instance.
Distance Selling Regulations – You may cancel your order up to seven days after delivery of the telephone, however, you must give notice of your intention to return the telephone either by email or in writing to us within the seven days.
Unwanted goods must be returned at the customer's expense.
The item must be returned to our specified return delivery address within 14 days of purchase using a postage method which requires a signature on delivery. The vintage phone must be undamaged and in its original condition and packaging (providing the original packaging is undamaged).
The customer is responsible for the care of the goods until they are received by Abdy Retro.
Any items returned which fail to comply with the above may affect our ability to issue a full refund.
This guarantee will be terminated if "Abdy Retro" ceases trading. Please note we cannot be held responsible for any unforeseen changes in technology that may make your telephone unworkable in the future.
We will only post to a "confirmed address". This is where your posting address is the same as your credit/debit card address details.
Please be aware that our Telephone Intercom system aka "Exchange in a Box" will only work with vintage pulse dial telephones if they have been calibrated correctly. We are not responsible for dialling problems caused by vintage telephones you have purchased/obtained elsewhere that are not correctly calibrated.
Please read these conditions very carefully and if you are unhappy with any aspect of them you must not continue with your purchase.


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Is Blue Bayou on Netflix, HBO Max, Hulu, or Prime?
Mirza Aaqib Beg
Starring Justin Chon, Alicia Vikander, Mark O'Brien, Linh Dan Pham, and Sydney Kowalske, 'Blue Bayou' recounts the story of an Asian American man whose failure to get neutralized lands him in a legal battle against deportation. With contemporary immigration issues serving as its central plotline, the movie explores a personal struggle of a troubled man who is desperately trying to stay with his family. In case movies on socio-political matters intrigue you, then 'Blue Bayou' may just be the right movie for you to watch. Here's everything you need to know about it.
What is Blue Bayou About?
Antonio LeBlanc is an adopted Korean American who lives with his wife Kathy in New Orleans. Kathy is a rehabilitation nurse, but Antonio doesn't want her to work in her condition. But his attempts to become the breadwinner for the family are met with a huge hurdle when his potential employers check his criminal records. The situation gets worse when LeBlanc faces deportation, and he learns that his adoptive family never naturalized him. In all the chaos, he finds some peace when he strikes up an unexpected friendship with a Vietnamese refugee named Parker. Although he is grateful for his family and friends, Antonio is forced to embrace the world of crime to pay for the legal battle against this deportation and to take care of his pregnant wife.
However, even with a lawyer, his chances are bleak, and LeBlanc realizes that he will have to let go of his grudges and seek help from his adoptive family that he left behind a long time ago. But will they be willing to help? Will Antonio have enough people on his side to avoid deportation? To find out how the story unfolds, you must watch 'Blue Bayou.' Here's how you can do that.
Is Blue Bayou on Netflix?
Netflix subscribers will have to look for the drama movies on other platforms because 'Blue Bayou' is currently not accessible on the streaming giant. People with a subscription to the streamer can instead watch 'Out of Many, One' or 'I'm No Longer Here.'
Is Blue Bayou on Hulu?
People who are looking for 'Blue Bayou' on Hulu will probably be disappointed because the movie is not yet available on the platform, and it's unlikely to arrive on the streamer any time soon. However, subscribers can alternatively stream 'The Flood' or 'God's Own Country.'
Is Blue Bayou on Amazon Prime?
'Blue Bayou' is not accessible on Amazon Prime as part of its regular catalog. Furthermore, the film is not currently accessible for rent/purchase. Therefore, Prime subscribers can watch 'They Come to America: The Politics of Immigration.'
Is Blue Bayou on HBO Max?
Since HBO Max's current catalog does not include 'Blue Bayou,' we recommend our readers alternatively watch 'Warrior' or 'An American Pickle.'
Where to Watch Blue Bayou Online?
'Blue Bayou' is only releasing in theaters as of now. So, if you plan on watching the film, then you can book your tickets on Fandango. Popular VOD platforms such as Google Play, Microsoft Store, Vudu, Redbox, and iTunes are expected to include the film in their catalogs shortly.
How to Stream Blue Bayou for Free?
'Blue Bayou' is currently releasing theatrically, and it's highly unlikely that it will be accessible on platforms with a free trial any time soon. Therefore, cord-cutters will probably have to wait for a while before they can access the movie free of cost.
Read More: Best Political Movies


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L&T secures orders worth Rs 1,178 cr in Dec
PTI New Delhi | Updated on January 22, 2018 Published on December 23, 2015
Larsen & Toubro (L&T) has bagged orders worth Rs 1,178 crore across various segments so far this month.
"The construction arm of L&T has won orders worth Rs 1,178 crore across various businesses in December 2015", the company said in a filing to the BSE.
The company said its Metallurgical and Material Handling business has secured orders worth Rs 663 crore while its Power Transmission and Distribution business has won orders worth Rs 515 crore in both international and domestic markets.
Shares of Larsen & Toubro were trading at Rs 1,294.60 apiece, up 1.14 per cent, from their previous close on the BSE.
heavy construction
diversified company
stock activity


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Georgians say yes to a People-First Agenda
| by Guest Contributor |
The public has spoken. It's time to invest in Georgia's people.
Georgians struggling to make it to the middle class – not to mention stay in it – face unprecedented headwinds in today's economy. Stagnant wages are stifling the middle class, and families are steadily losing buying power as living costs continue to rise.
The lack of access to affordable child care, health care and housing are just a few of life's necessities that leave Georgia families hard-pressed to stay healthy and economically secure. Meanwhile, Georgia lawmakers elevate business interests and unproven economic development schemes above investments in Georgians. They do that under the dubious theory the state will spur good jobs and trickle-down economics will work its magic.
It's time to change course and pursue a strategy that prioritizes everyday Georgians and puts all people on a path to prosperity. That's what the Georgia Budget and Policy Institute's People-Powered Prosperity is all about.
In January, the GBPI unveiled People-Powered Prosperity, a people-first economic vision for Georgia. The plan incorporates four key goals, the building blocks of a stronger and more inclusive economy: educated youth, skilled workers, thriving families and healthy communities. The path to attain those goals is through eight recommended policy solutions that will help achieve them. Those include investments to fully fund public schools, provide free college or need-based aid, bolster child care subsidies for eligible families and expand Medicaid eligibility.
Mason-Dixon Polling & Strategy surveyed Georgians statewide in July to gauge public support for people-first solutions and the willingness to raise new revenue to pay for them. Georgians expressed widespread support for the proposed investments in people and spoke decisively in favor of new state revenue to cover the cost.
In 2015, state lawmakers approved nearly $1 billion in new annual revenue for a transportation tax package to help fix the state's roads and bridges. Business leaders beat the drum for the state to invest in the crumbling transportation infrastructure. Now it's time to give a similar boost to our human capital. People, after all, are Georgia's most important asset. People-Powered Prosperity calls for a similar $1 billion investment in Georgians. You might find it surprising how much support for new state revenues in Georgia the Mason-Dixon poll identified.
The poll shows:
76 percent of poll respondents support increasing the tobacco tax by $1, which could raise more than $400 million
78 percent support a new corporate minimum tax, which could raise about $250 million
88 percent support evaluating business tax breaks, which are a huge drain on the state treasury
This 2018 election season has ushered in a host of new leaders to the governor's mansion, the state General Assembly, and all constitutional offices. They'll need to govern with ideas and solutions to move Georgia forward. Time is short to ensure these new leaders are equipped with the best ideas and strategies that harness and maximize the potential of Georgians.
To be sure, the strength and vitality of Georgia's economy is inextricably linked to the vitality and economic security of Georgia families. It is vital to Georgia's interests to bolster and strengthen families so the state can thrive for the long haul.
For nearly 20 years, I traveled the state of Georgia delivering the bad news that many of Georgia's children and families aren't getting a fair shot at success. Georgia KIDS COUNT rankings year after year show health, education and economic indicators for the state's children and families continue to lag.
Progress, while positive, is very slow. Generational poverty persists. Poor health infrastructure in rural parts of the state continues to go without serious attention and investment.
Factor in the structural and systemic barriers endemic in the South that historically held back Georgians of color, and it's clear why stubborn disparities in education, health and economic status continue to persist.
It's time for Georgia to change these realities and invest in strategies to increase economic mobility for millions of its people and ultimately build a stronger, more prosperous place where everyone can thrive.
Georgians want the state to put the public's money in places where it will do more good. They are looking for leaders who will invest in their future. The people of Georgia agree it is time to seize the opportunity. Georgia's future is on the line.
There's no time to waste. I'm with them!
Taifa Butler Smith is executive director of the Georgia Budget Policy Institute. This piece originally appeared in a slightly different form on their blog.
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text:
#include "dvb-usb-common.h"

int dvb_usb_generic_rw(struct dvb_usb_device *d, u8 *wbuf, u16 wlen, u8 *rbuf,
	u16 rlen, int delay_ms)
{
	int actlen,ret = -ENOMEM;

	if (!d || wbuf == NULL || wlen == 0)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint == 0) {
		err("endpoint for generic control not specified.");
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if ((ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&d->usb_mutex)))
		return ret;

	deb_xfer(">>> ");
	debug_dump(wbuf,wlen,deb_xfer);

	ret = usb_bulk_msg(d->udev,usb_sndbulkpipe(d->udev,
			d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint), wbuf,wlen,&actlen,
			2000);

	if (ret)
		err("bulk message failed: %d (%d/%d)",ret,wlen,actlen);
	else
		ret = actlen != wlen ? -1 : 0;

	/* an answer is expected, and no error before */
	if (!ret && rbuf && rlen) {
		if (delay_ms)
			msleep(delay_ms);

		ret = usb_bulk_msg(d->udev,usb_rcvbulkpipe(d->udev,
				d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint_response ?
				d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint_response :
				d->props.generic_bulk_ctrl_endpoint),rbuf,rlen,&actlen,
				2000);

		if (ret)
			err("recv bulk message failed: %d",ret);
		else {
			deb_xfer("<<< ");
			debug_dump(rbuf,actlen,deb_xfer);
		}
	}

	mutex_unlock(&d->usb_mutex);
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dvb_usb_generic_rw);

int dvb_usb_generic_write(struct dvb_usb_device *d, u8 *buf, u16 len)
{
	return dvb_usb_generic_rw(d,buf,len,NULL,0,0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dvb_usb_generic_write);

static void dvb_usb_data_complete(struct usb_data_stream *stream, u8 *buffer, size_t length)
{
	struct dvb_usb_adapter *adap = stream->user_priv;
	if (adap->feedcount > 0 && adap->state & DVB_USB_ADAP_STATE_DVB)
		dvb_dmx_swfilter(&adap->demux, buffer, length);
}

static void dvb_usb_data_complete_204(struct usb_data_stream *stream, u8 *buffer, size_t length)
{
	struct dvb_usb_adapter *adap = stream->user_priv;
	if (adap->feedcount > 0 && adap->state & DVB_USB_ADAP_STATE_DVB)
		dvb_dmx_swfilter_204(&adap->demux, buffer, length);
}

static void dvb_usb_data_complete_raw(struct usb_data_stream *stream,
				      u8 *buffer, size_t length)
{
	struct dvb_usb_adapter *adap = stream->user_priv;
	if (adap->feedcount > 0 && adap->state & DVB_USB_ADAP_STATE_DVB)
		dvb_dmx_swfilter_raw(&adap->demux, buffer, length);
}

int dvb_usb_adapter_stream_init(struct dvb_usb_adapter *adap)
{
	int i, ret = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < adap->props.num_frontends; i++) {

		adap->fe_adap[i].stream.udev      = adap->dev->udev;
		if (adap->props.fe[i].caps & DVB_USB_ADAP_RECEIVES_204_BYTE_TS)
			adap->fe_adap[i].stream.complete =
				dvb_usb_data_complete_204;
		else
		if (adap->props.fe[i].caps & DVB_USB_ADAP_RECEIVES_RAW_PAYLOAD)
			adap->fe_adap[i].stream.complete =
				dvb_usb_data_complete_raw;
		else
		adap->fe_adap[i].stream.complete  = dvb_usb_data_complete;
		adap->fe_adap[i].stream.user_priv = adap;
		ret = usb_urb_init(&adap->fe_adap[i].stream,
				   &adap->props.fe[i].stream);
		if (ret < 0)
			break;
	}
	return ret;
}

int dvb_usb_adapter_stream_exit(struct dvb_usb_adapter *adap)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < adap->props.num_frontends; i++)
		usb_urb_exit(&adap->fe_adap[i].stream);
	return 0;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


My hand skin looks older than my age. I think it may be because I often expose my hand to water (e.g. when washing food when cooking meals, washing hand, ...), and to the dry air in a heated room in winter, and possibly to sunlight, etc. So I wonder how I can care my hand skin?
If I apply some cream to my hand, how can I prevent the cream go into my food when cooking and eating?
now my grandmother and aunt swore by this .. she would get linen gloves the white kind you wore on special occasions way back when .. she would apply vaseline to her hands and then wear the gloves overnight and in the am take them off and your hands will be so soft you wont believe it and then wash the gloves in the washer and dry them . good luck .
Use hand cream....wash before eating, if you're afraid of it getting into your food. It won't hurt you, if it does, tho. Re-apply after eating.
Hands take a beating, if they're in water and detergent a lot. Just keep applying the moisturizing cream. It really absorbs into your skin, and unless you eat everything with your hands, you'll be fine. If you don't use utensils, wash your hands before eating.
I have sensitive skin and went through a period in my early 20's when my hands were dry and rough. Rubbing your hands with vaseline and wearing gloves at night or in the evening if you're relaxing does work. My mother used to swear by Nivea cream when her hands suffered from winter dryness. She'd apply the cream, and wear the gloves. I prefer cream over vaseline myself.
My husband gets super dry skin on his legs in winter. His doctor recommended Eucerin cream.
Super moisturizing creams can feel rather greasy, so save them for when you won't be handling things.
Otherwise, just use hand lotion every time you wash your hands (except for when you're preparing food).
You don't need to use anything expensive. I've been using Suave hand and body lotion on my hands for at least the past 15 years.
Whenever your hands begin to feel irritated during the day, wet them, dry, then apply a little lotion. The water moisturizes your skin, the lotion forms a seal that keeps the moisture in.
It can take a week or two to really feel the difference if your hands are really dry and irritated.
Aquaphor and eucerin make great moisturizers. I run a lot so at night I put on socks and slather on the aquaphor and they're like new heels on my feet. I'm sure the same would work for your hands.
Don't forget the sunscreen on your hands. Pick one with sunscreen for day to day use. When cooking? Use olive oil instead of hand cream.
Got a few extra minutes? Make a scrub. Olive oil + sugar or salt. Then wash with soap. Your hands will feel soft.
If then hands touch something else, will oil be left there?
Use just a bit, rub it in profusely, and focus on the outside of your hands. It should absorb fairly quickly, but your hands might smell a little like oil.
I am so going to try this! I look way younger than I am...except my hands are starting to catch up with my true age and I'm NOT cool with that!


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using BrightcoveMapiWrapper.Api;
using BrightcoveMapiWrapper.Model.Containers;
using BrightcoveMapiWrapper.Model.Items;
using NUnit.Framework;

namespace BrightcoveOS.NET_MAPI_Wrapper.Tests.IntegrationTests.VideoRead
{
	[TestFixture]
	public class FindRelatedVideosTests : VideoReadTestBase
	{
		[Test]
		public void FindRelatedVideosByReferenceId_Basic()
		{
			_videos = _api.FindRelatedVideosByReferenceId("1939643268001");

			// make sure we have at least one result
			Assert.Greater(_videos.Count, 0);
		}

		[Test]
		public void FindRelatedVideosById_Basic()
		{
			_videos = _api.FindRelatedVideosById(1939643268001);

			// make sure we have at least one result
			Assert.Greater(_videos.Count, 0);
		}
	}
}


text:
Melchor López (born 7 January 1913, date of death unknown) is an Argentine former sports shooter. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.

References

1913 births
Year of death missing
Argentine male sport shooters
Olympic shooters of Argentina
Shooters at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Shooters at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Bamboo & rice husk. Sustainable & natural. Fits most leads.Beco Pockets are made from the natural fibres found in bamboo and rice husks. This makes them both sustainable to produce and degradable when finished with. They are designed to fit easily on any dog lead with our unique bungee clip.
Retain packaging for future reference.


On November 22, a Federal Judge placed a "preliminary injunction" postponing the December 1st effective date of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) regulations. This means that U.S. employers, including Wright State, are not required at this time to comply with the salary change threshold of $47,476 related to overtime pay while the courts review and act on a current pending law suit.
In light of this new development, Wright State has made the decision to halt the movement of "salaried paid employees" below this threshold to "hourly paid employees" as scheduled for December 1st. In other words, if you were one of the employees who was shifting from salaried to hourly, no changes will be made to how you are paid until there is a resolution of this legal action and/or new guidance is received from the new government administration.
Furthermore, any submission of vacation pay-outs and changes to your federal and/or state withholdings, direct deposit, other deductions, etc. related to the December 1 transition will be cancelled.
Human Resources will continue to closely monitor the situation and will keep you informed via the HR website of any further information. Please feel free to contact the HR Compensation team should you have any questions.


Oaxaca has been preparing for valentines day ever since we arrived. We are becoming increasingly aware that it is going to be a big night in town.
Several of the streets are closed to traffic, and by 6pm the streets and squares are packed. It is billed as "Noche De Luces" (night of lights) and it would appear this is a regular event to celebrate friendship which takes place on a different holiday throughout the year. This time it's St Valentine's turn.
The two main squares have bands playing from 8 pm until 1pm.
They change every 30 minutes or so and range from full piece orchestras to trios. The quality of all the groups is amazing,. This is nothing like Merida! There are two different processions . The first lead by a group of musicians dressed in early Spanish costumes playing mandolins. They stop at every crossroad and play a piece, bringing traffic and foot traffic to a complete stop. It is bedlam, but no one seems to mind.
There are vendors everywhere carrying enormous bunches of helium balloons most with a valentine theme. Each vendor must have at least a hundred balloons floating above them and it is hard to believe that they will not become airborne.
The air is alive with the sounds of people having a good time. Courting couples are everywhere as are families with young children. In fact the good times are not limited to any particular group. The entire city is out having fun.
We try to think of an occasion in the States that might be like this but quickly become aware that if there was such a night, no one would feel safe.
This entry was posted in noche de luces, oaxaca, valentine's day. Bookmark the permalink.


Well - some of these kids. Photographed and recorded over Indonesia's Independence Day celebrations, in Toraja, Sulawesi. The teachers and parents at the various events were definitely having more fun then most of the paraders. I saw it as a kind of once a year 'pay back'.
How incredibly sad to see so many tiny children dressed in military gear and handling guns. No wonder massacres such as that in Timor Leste happen, with Indonesians thinking the military are god. The traditional Torajan dress is lovely, and the photos truly capture the mood of so many of the children and bystanders. Thanks for sharing this presentation.
Wendy - A lot of them were kind of acting like little generals and bureaucrats. Let's hope they do grow out of it. Thanks for looking and commenting.
"Indonesians thinking the military are god?" Crikey. What a sweeping statement that is, inferred from these pictures?
totally agree with Abednego. that was really a bias comment to make. for god's sake, they were just having fun as kids dressing up in all sort of costumes on their independence day.
some people are just so weird that have to connect everything to political issues and perspective.


Vrhbosna's church province includes four dioceses and the Military Ordinariate: Vrhbosna (Sarajevo) Archdiocese which has suffragans: Banja Luka diocese, diocese of Mostar-Duvno and diocese of Trebinje-Mrkan. Today it is territoriality within the borders of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Vrhbosna (Sarajevo) archdiocese is territoriality the largest (22 401 km2). It covers the central and north-eastern part of Bosnia, and its centre is in Sarajevo. It has four arch-deaneries, 13 deaneries and 153 parishes plus 2 branches.
The archdiocese is under divine protection of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and co patrons are Blessed Virgin Mary and st. Joseph.
In the Vrhbosna archdiocese during the war and post-war period 44 parish churches were completely destroyed, 34 were heavily damaged and 23 more partially damaged, all together 690 church objects were in one way damaged. Today, almost entirely all the parish churches and other parish objects are restored.
Diocese of Banja Luka covers an area of 16 457 km2, and it covers north-west area of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has six deaneries and 48 parishes. Protector of the parish is st. Bonaventura.
In the last war seven priests and one nun were killed or died from severe abuse.
In the Banja Luka diocese during the war, from 1991. to 1995., and post-war period 16 parish churches were completely destroyed, heavily damaged 8 churches and 11 of them were lightly damaged. All together 204 church objects were damaged. To date, ruined and damaged churches and church objects have mostly been or still are being renovated.
In the area of Banja Luka diocese there is a Greek Catholic Vicariate of Bosnia and Herzegovina with seven parishes.
Diocese of Mostar-Duvno spreads on the area of 8 368 km2, and it lies on the south and south-west part of Herzegovina. It has eight deaneries and 67 parishes (+ one independent chaplaincy). The divine protector of the diocese is st. Joseph, fiance of Blessed Virgin Mary.
During the war and post war period five parish churches were completely destroyed and 12 heavily damaged. All together 106 church objects were damaged. To date, ruined and damaged parish churches and other church objects are almost entirely restored.
Diocese of Trebinje-Mrkan is the oldest in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has the area of 3 861 km2, and it covers the area on the left bank of river Neretva, that is southeast part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has two deaneries and 15 parishes. Protector of the diocese is st. Michael the Archangel.
Military ordinariate in Bosnia and Herzegovina was established on February 1st 2011. by pope Benedict XVI. On the same day first military bishop msgr. Dr. Tomo Vukšić, priest of diocese Mostar-Duvno.
In the area of Vrhbosnas church province there are two Franciscian provinces: Bosna srebrena and Herzegovina Franciscan province.
Beside diocesan priests in Vrhbosna metropoly, there are: Franciscans, Salesians, Jesuits, Trappists and one Dominican priest.
With the decision of pope Benedict XVI. since February 4th 2006., Vrhbosna's ecclesiastical territory is exempted from the jurisdiction of Congregation for the Evangelization of the people, and placed under temporary jurisdiction of the Secretariat of state of the Holy See with the intention to pass over under the regular jurisdiction Congregation for Bishops.
At the end of 2014., on the present teritory of Bosnia and Hezegovina there were 286 catholic parishes.
Divine protectors of Catholics in Bosnia and Herzegovina are st. Elijah the Prophet and st. George the martyr.
According to the data at the end of 2014, total number of priests that work and live in Bosnia and Herzegovina is 578. Of that number, 247 are diocesan priests and 331 monks. Total number of nuns working and residing an Bosnia and Herzegovina at the end of 2014 was 509.


text:
Scottish Rite Tensions Come to a Head Over Social Inequality
8:30 AM All Caps Matter, Black Caps Matter, satire, Scottish Rite, Social Injustice 5 comments
Saint Louis, MO - In the recent wake of widespread dissatisfaction arising out of the increasing disparity in social status at Scottish Rite Valleys across both jurisdictions, two activist movements have taken shape to call for better treatment for the "hardest working men in Masonry."
The Black Caps Matter movement--BCM for short--originated in Missouri by Bro. Joe Snow, 32˚, of the Scottish Rite Valley of St. Louis, who spoke to The Past Bastard about his organization's push toward AASR equality: "For years, 32˚ Masons--black caps, as we call them--have been relegated to the worst duties in all of the Scottish Rite functions. We're back in the kitchen doing the dishes with the Eastern Star ladies while the white caps walk around shaking hands and mingling with the VIPs. We never get any of the best degree parts at reunions, and being a part of the 'Knights of St. Andrews' is a pretty poor consolation prize. Black Caps Matter was formed to raise awareness for the social inequality that has arisen out of this socially accepted practice of white cap privilege. Black caps are the hardest working men in Masonry, and we should be respected as such!"
A reactionary movement hot on the heels of BCM is seeking to call attention to Scottish Rite social inequality wherever it arises. Labeled All Caps Matter, the movement reportedly originated in Washington, DC to take a "measured approach" to combating social inequality. Illustrious Bro. Albert Lance of the Scottish Rite Valley of Washington, DC, who helped organize ACM, discussed his feelings on both organizations: "I have a tremendous amount of respect for the brethren of Black Caps Matter. Social inequality in the Scottish Rite is real, and 32nd degree Masons all over the country have suffered; but the BCM movement's aims are simply too narrowly focused. The fact of the matter is that KCCH's and 33rd degree Masons suffer as well. We're at events well before the 32nd degrees show up, and we're often the very last to leave. We're held to a much higher standard for behavior, and we always have to put on a show. One misstep and we're the brunt of all the jokes at the next Knights of St. Andrews meeting. It takes a serious mental toll. The fact of the matter is that we're all culpable. Social inequality is something we can more effectively combat on a united front by telling the world that all caps matter!"
While this writer for The Past Bastard is sympathetic to the need for social equality among Freemasons, one has to wonder about the effect that this fraternal discord will have on the blue lodges of Masonry. After all, the perception that the Scottish Rite is ripping Masons away from their Blue Lodge obligations has given rise in recent weeks to the Thin Blue Lodge movement, which has no doubt been set on an inevitable collision course with Black Caps Matter and All Caps Matter. Sure, caps matter. But they should matter just as much as your Blue Lodge 3rd Degree Master Mason. As far as titles are concerned, the highest title one should ever receive in this fraternity should be that of "brother."
- SK Bro. Mason Burhmaster
MSA to take aim at Fake News websites
9:33 AM alternative facts, fake news, Masonic Affairs, minitrue, MSA, online, social media No comments
Washington, DC -- Spurred on by the increasing number of Freemasons using the Internet, the Masonic Services Association joined forces with the US Office of Masonic Affairs to draft a guideline for Freemasons who appear to be continually taken in by what the media is now calling "Fake News."
"One of the many issues that we see with Freemasons who have recently discovered social media like MySpace, Buzz, and Xanga, is that may of them fall for pretty much anything that's published. They seem to have this mindset that if it's on the internet, then it must be true," said Lee Wayne Tracey, Director of Online Research at the Office of Masonic Affairs. "They then copy and paste the information into their emails and send it all over the Information Superhighway, where it ends up in chain letters, bulletin boards, and sometimes lodge newsletters."
But why now?
"Our concern is that the fake news stories are being spread too quickly, so our plan is to put up a list of websites to be aware of. If a brother is copying a link from a website, they should check that website against our list of sites known for spreading fake news."
The Office of Masonic Affairs explained that the list would contain information site, as well as sites run by web loggers, or "bloggers," who are becoming a common source of fake news for many internet using Freemasons.
"First on the list will be the well known website of Chris Hodapp," Brother Tracey explained. "While Brother Hodapp claims to have had verification for his stories, the fact that he does not release names of these anonymous "brothers" from which he gets most of his inside news indicates that some of those news items are probably fabricated or at least exaggerated."
Tracey went on to describe how one can spot fake news by using the Freemasonry for Dummies website as an example.
"Sharp readers will notice that most of his news stories take place in just a few states, like, Georgia, Arkansas, or Tennessee; states where there are very few Masons to begin with. That means that he could easily fabricate stories about events there, and nobody would ever know."
Brother Tracey hopes that the new website will soon become a common resource for Freemasons.
-- Conte Calvino Gliostro
Grand Lodge of Alabama drops 'Progressive Line'
8:30 AM Grand Lodge of Alabama, politics, progressive, progressive line 1 comment
Gadsden, AL -- Emboldened by the current political climate, the Grand Lodge of Alabama voted to drop its practice of a "Progressive Line" and has urged all constituent lodges to do likewise.
"The Grand Master announced it the other day, and the rest of the officers immediately jumped onto it because it seemed so patriotic," said RW Gordon Levine, media spokesperson for the Grand Lodge. "With the recent national elections, we're seeing a return to good old conservative values, and we're taking the opportunity to clean up the progressive part of our own house."
"It's obvious to us that the 'progressives' have done nothing but raise taxes, enforce political correctness, and have resisted any objections to their philosophy," RW Levine explained. "That's why we have decided to raise our Grand Lodge per capita dues - to double them, in fact - and to use part of that money to send out little cards to all the members so they properly understand how to address our officers. We initially had some objections, but as it happened, most of those went away after we suspended the members responsible."
The Past Bastard tried to question RW Levine on their definition of "progressive," and wondered how it would affect future Grand Lodge elections.
"I don't see anything changing at all, except that after this year, we're going to call it a 'conservative line," he said.
Scottish Rite Research Library under fire for hoarding books
8:30 AM aasr, Arturo De Hoyos, books, Brent Morris, Research Library, sj 1 comment
Washington, DC -- How much control should a library be able to retain over its books, and when does that control become detrimental? That is the question being raised by a number of new members of the Scottish Rite, who have charge the Scottish Rite Research Library, and its curator Arturo De Hoyos, with hoarding books instead of allowing them to be promulgated throughout the Masonic community.
"Honestly, we're not trying to start any trouble," said Brother Don Wayne Stacy of Cheddar Lodge 522 in Cracker, Wisconsin. "It's just that I've been a Mason for two or three years now, and I've been a 32º SR Mason since last summer, and there's just nothing left to read for guys like me to develop a more esoteric understanding of our Craft. All we're asking for is that the Scottish Rite start releasing copies of those thousands of books that they have, so we can do our own reading and research."
Some other members of this movement for a more transparent Scottish Rite have a different take on things, though.
"Yeah, some guys are convinced that the library curators are hoarding the old books, but there are some of us that are now questioning whether the Scottish Rite even has those kinds of books to begin with," said Brother Joseph Nieves of Deer Dressing Lodge 288 in Deliverance, Tennessee. "I mean, we're always hearing about all these rare and esoteric books and stuff, but nobody has actually, you know, seen them. Some of us are beginning to think that those claims are all just smoke in order to keep the rest of us in awe of the old guard power structure. I mean, you've got all these guys in my chapter who talk about Brent Spiner and Art De Hojos like they're some kind of religious figures. But what if there aren't any of those old books, you know?"
The Past Bastard reached out to WB De Hoyos, who responded "With all the guys complaining about their dues as it is, there's no way we could hire a full time staff to transcribe these old works, let alone translate the ones from German or French, and get them all out to the local lodges and chapters. As it is, we're way behind in our plan to have statues of Albert Pike in all 50 states, and once that's done, then it will be time to look at some major repairs on the Washington facilities."
He then added, "If those 2 or 3 year Masons want to volunteer some of their vacation time to come to Washington and transcribe a book or two, we could probably have all this done in a couple of years. I'd talk more on this, but I'm on my way to the gun range, where I'm sighting in a new Russian Dragunov."
Some of the new Scottish Rite members remain unconvinced, though. "What if all the Scottish Rite books are just, you know, nothing but old books and not really esoteric at all?" they have asked. "What if the Scottish Rite is just one more body to take your money and give you titles and bling and stuff, but offers nothing in return?"
Massachusetts lodge sets new record
8:30 AM Conte Calvino Gliostro, grand lodge, introductions, Massachusetts, record breaking 1 comment
Agawam, MA -- The members of Moriah Lodge were excited to learn that they had set a new record at their last meeting for the length of time spent introducing Grand Lodge officers. The record was officially confirmed by the International Office of Masonic Affairs.
"It started out as a typical evening, and we hadn't set out to break any records or anything," said WB Arlo Brockton, Master of the lodge. "But all these Grand Line guys started showing up, along with Past District this, and Very Worshipful that, and by the time we got them properly lined up and started introducing them, we were passing the 30 minute mark."
Grand Lodge officers waiting outside the lodge to be
properly introduced before a degree.
The record for lodge introductions was set in 2007 by John Brown Lodge No. 322 in Virginia, running to 48 minutes of introductions for a regular stated communication.
"When we were around the 40 or 45 minute mark, we figured we were about done, but suddenly a whole gang of past and present Grand Lodge guys from Connecticut showed up, along with their entourage of District Deputy Grand Masters, and whatever else they have down there. That surprise pushed us well past an hour and twenty minutes. After that, our Secretary thought it would be a good idea to send in the statistics to be considered."
Moriah Lodge had originally planned to perform an Entered Apprentice degree; however, they decided to reschedule when they realized that after the introductions there would be no time for the candidates, not to mention a lack of room for circumnambulation.
"We tried to explain to the candidates that it was a historic moment for them, but we aren't sure if they quite understood. Hopefully things will go a little more smoothly in a few months when we have the next set of degrees scheduled.
Scottish Rite Tensions Come to a Head Over Social ...
Scottish Rite Research Library under fire for hoar...


text:
Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus («Exercice anatomique sur le mouvement du cœur et du sang chez les animaux»), communément appelé De Motu Cordis, est le travail le plus connu du médecin William Harvey. Le livre a d'abord été publié en 1628 et a établi la circulation du sang.

C'est un point de repère dans l'histoire de la physiologie. Tout aussi important que sa substance était sa méthode. Harvey a combiné des observations, des expériences, des mesures et des hypothèses de manière extraordinaire pour arriver à sa doctrine. Son travail est un modèle de son genre. Il a eu une influence immédiate et de grande portée sur ses contemporains.

Dans le De motu cordis, Harvey a étudié l'effet des ligatures sur le flux sanguin. Le livre a également soutenu que le sang a été pompé autour du corps dans une « double circulation », où après avoir été renvoyé au cœur, il est recyclé dans un système fermé vers les poumons et vers le cœur, où il est retourné à la circulation principale.

Historique

Le De Motu Cordis est publié à Francfort en 1628. Écrit en latin, l'ouvrage sera traduit en français par Charles Richet en 1869.

Contenu
L'ouvrage, relativement bref, se compose de 17 chapitres. Dans la première partie, les cinq premiers chapitres du livre, Harvey expose ses idées sur le mouvement du cœur et du sang comme il faisait jusque-là dans ses leçons d'anatomie.

Il commence par montrer les incohérences et contradictions de Galien sur les mouvements de l'air et du sang vers le cœur. Il se demande comment la valve mitrale pourrait permettre aux vapeurs du corps (air vicié) de revenir par la veine pulmonaire, mais pas au sang ; et comment l'air pur et l'air vicié pourraient se trouver séparés sans se mélanger dans la veine pulmonaire ; d'autant plus que l'ouverture de cette veine ne montre que du sang.

Il décrit ensuite ce qui peut être vu et démontré par l'observation anatomique : le mouvement et l'action des oreillettes et des ventricules, et l'existence d'un passage sanguin dans les poumons. Il reconnait qu'il est très difficile d'observer le cœur en mouvement à cause de sa rapidité, mais il trouve une solution par la vivisection de grenouilles et de petits poissons dont le cœur est plus simple et plus lent. Il observe aussi le cœur ralenti des chiens et des porcs à l'agonie.

Dans les chapitres 6 et 7, il vérifie et confirme les travaux de  Realdo Colombo sur le passage du sang par les poumons. Jusque là, Harvey n'a rien écrit de nouveau, mais son exposé sur les connaissances déjà acquises est de loin, le plus cohérent et le plus détaillé de son temps.

Ce n'est que dans la deuxième partie, à partir du chapitre 8 qu'il introduit l'idée de circulation sanguine en écrivant : . Il ne le fait qu'après cet avertissement préalable :   « Ce qui me reste à dire (...) est si nouveau et si peu admis, que je crains non seulement la jalousie de quelques personnes, mais l'inimitié de tous : tant-il est vrai que la routine et une doctrine adoptée, profondément enracinée dans notre esprit, sont pour nous comme une seconde nature, surtout quand le respect de la grande antiquité vient s'y joindre. Néanmoins que le sort en soit jeté ! J'ai confiance dans la loyauté des savants et dans leur amour pour la vérité ».Au chapitre 9, il calcule que la quantité de sang passant dans le cœur par l'aorte en une demi-heure dépasse nettement la quantité de sang qui se trouve dans le corps de l'animal. Il précise ainsi que la masse du sang qui passe par le cœur dépasse rapidement le poids de l'animal ou de l'homme et en conclut qu'il ne peut s'agir que du même sang qui revient continuellement en bouclant un circuit.

Dans les chapitres suivants, il donne les preuves expérimentales de la circulation du sang, selon une stricte méthode hypothético-déductive, en trois hypothèses énoncées séparément et confirmées tour à tour :

 Tout le sang est continuellement poussé par le cœur dans les artères ;
 Il passe des artères aux veines, soit par des anastomoses, soit en s'infiltrant dans les porosités des tissus ;
 Il revient par les veines dans le cœur.

Il conclut dans les deux derniers chapitres, en réunissant les pièces du puzzle, pour montrer que la circulation du sang permet d'expliquer l'action étendue et rapide des poisons dans tout le corps (chapitre 16), ainsi que la plus grande épaisseur des artères proches du cœur, faite pour résister à la force de l'éjection cardiaque (chapitre 17).

Oppositions
Dès sa parution, les idées de Harvey sont attaquées. Il n'était pas évident pour les contemporains de Harvey que le cœur puisse agir comme une pompe.

En Angleterre  refusera les idées développées par le médecin anglais.

En France, ce sont les médecins Jean Riolan et Guy Patin qui critiqueront l'ouvrage avec véhémence. Pour Riolan, le cœur ne sert qu'à apporter de la chaleur au sang et le sang a pour fonction d'empêcher le cœur de se dessécher. Selon lui, le coeur des hommes robustes est dur alors que celui des femmes est mou.

Pourtant, bien avant Harvey, certains médecins avaient observé l'isochronisme du pouls et des battements cardiaques mais pensaient à tort que le sang était sortait du cœur lors de la diastole, le moment où il est en expansion rendant malaisé d'imaginer cet organe comme une pompe. Ce n'est qu'en 1542 que Jean Fernel affirma que le pouls coïncide non pas avec la diastole mais avec la systole.

Postérité
Dans cette œuvre, Harvey apporte ainsi comme contribution majeure l'idée que le mouvement du sang réalise un circuit fermé, l'unification des systèmes artériel et veineux et l'explication de l'activité cardiaque en assimilant le cœur à une pompe motrice du fluide sanguin. De plus, il accompagne ses observations d'expériences quantitatives en mesurant et calculant.

Malgré cela, ses contemporains avaient des raisons de conserver des doutes sur sa théorie car des faits restaient inexpliqués. Par exemple, si c'était le même sang qui circulait dans tout le corps, comment se fait-il qu'il a des aspects différents dans les artères et les veines? Réponse qui dut attendre la mise en évidence l'oxygénation du sang.

De même, le passage du sang entre les artères et les veines restaient inexpliqué avant que ne furent découverts par Marcello Malpighi les capillaires et les alvéoles pulmonaires grâce à l'utilisation du microscope.

Références

Bibliographie

 .

Articles connexes
William Harvey
appareil cardiovasculaire
Histoire de la médecine
1628 en science
1628 en santé et médecine

Traité d'anatomie


Forum » Members forums » ESA, PIP and DLA Queries and Results » DWP medical proffesional used wrong condition!!
DWP medical proffesional used wrong condition!!
TOPIC:	DWP medical proffesional used wrong condition!!
I have just had all my paperwork from tge DWP that they had to submit to the tribunal, going though it I cant believe what I have just seen. I applied for my pip when told to do so by DWP, I have been on high rate care and mobility for 3 years. I filled in the forms sent them off, I didnt get called for an assesment but had a letter stating i could only have standard mobility and no care. Done an MR then awarded enhanced mobility but only 7 points for day living. I put in for an appeal on 7.1.15, DWP havent responded to any Tribunal letters up until now. I have just gone through my file and no wonder I havent got enough points, the DWP medical proffesional has only gone and based my condition on spondylosis and infact My consultant reports and my medical evidence states significant spondylolisthesis!!... they are two completley different conditions. Their reports state moderate pain somedays when infact my medical reports state chronic pain!! We got a point of contact in the tribunal as im having a skype hearing so we will be ringing then Tuesday, how can they make such a mistake, surely it should have been picked up in my MR?
Suz wrote: I have just had all my paperwork from tge DWP that they had to submit to the tribunal, going though it I cant believe what I have just seen. I applied for my pip when told to do so by DWP, I have been on high rate care and mobility for 3 years. I filled in the forms sent them off, I didnt get called for an assesment but had a letter stating i could only have standard mobility and no care. Done an MR then awarded enhanced mobility but only 7 points for day living. I put in for an appeal on 7.1.15, DWP havent responded to any Tribunal letters up until now. I have just gone through my file and no wonder I havent got enough points, the DWP medical proffesional has only gone and based my condition on spondylosis and infact My consultant reports and my medical evidence states significant spondylolisthesis!!... they are two completley different conditions. Their reports state moderate pain somedays when infact my medical reports state chronic pain!! We got a point of contact in the tribunal as im having a skype hearing so we will be ringing then Tuesday, how can they make such a mistake, surely it should have been picked up in my MR?
" how can they make such a mistake, surely it should have been picked up in my MR"
I think it is commonly known as "Incompetency" !
You should point out any obvious discrepancies within the medical report, but it is very important that you also reiterate how and why you score the requisite number of points under the relevant Daily Living Descriptor/s for an award.
The MR would have been carried out by a different DM - but this person would not have any medical training either. I would imagine it is quite easy for the uninformed to make this kind of mistake - but the HCP should not have done so!
Its been a tough 10 months but finally had my skype hearing Monday and had my outcome by first class post yesterday,I have been awarded enhanced mobility and enhanced daily living until 2020. The appeal its self was very difficult and upsetting but with the support of my mum I got through it.
Thank you so much benefits and work for your help and support over the last 10 months.
Suz wrote: Its been a tough 10 months but finally had my skype hearing Monday and had my outcome by first class post yesterday,I have been awarded enhanced mobility and enhanced daily living until 2020. The appeal its self was very difficult and upsetting but with the support of my mum I got through it.
Well done for not giving up, and many congratulations on your Enhanced PIP Awards for "both" until 2020 !!!
I am glad that the "Skype" Hearing worked out well, as this is a new facility !!
Thanks for you kind words regarding B&W, they are much appreciated.
Hopefully you can now relax, and concentrate on dealing with your medical conditions.
Good for you Suz. Spondylolithesis age 11. Now 60, plus severe scoliosis and kyphosis. HCP really should know the difference. Glad for your outcome, hope mine goes the same way.


About 12 years ago we were at a farmers' market at Walnut Acres. Thom was selling our chemical free apples, pears and berries. I was a wandering minstrel. Someone asked Thom how he could grow good looking fruit without agri-chemicals. That person asked where was our book about it. Well, a few years ago we finally self-published our book called GETTIN' BY – Make Your Farm Dream Into Your Dream Farm. It contains alot of information.
For instance, it tells how we live on a 3 acre farm, with 1.5 acres cultivated, and do it without debt. It is a basic how-to book with information on buying a place, what to look for, and what kind of things you need to know to run a small farm. There is a section on marketing, on fruit growing with chapters on different types of fruit. There is philosophy, biology, geology and folklore.
Sorry, this publication is out of print. But I do know that there are quite a few copies floating around out there so keep your eyes open.
I will include the introduction here.
The comment, "Gettin' By," means a lot to a small family farmer. It is a statement of relative success when the odds seem to be against it. It also means there is no real danger of becoming rich, in the economic sense of the word. When a neighboring farmer had a winning lottery ticket, he was asked what he was going to do with his winnings. He said "I guess I'll keep farming until it's gone." A common farmer joke, but it is on the money. Someone running a small family farm business knows exactly, by plan and by choice, where they are in the local, national, and international economic picture. This picture was much different before World War II.
From the time of Columbus to World War II, this country was teeming with small, medium, and large family farms. In this second millennium, farming is a ghost of the independent industry that it was. Now mammoth farms occupy the major portion of agribusiness, with corporate hog, beef, chicken, turkey, grain, fruit, and vegetable operations. They are almost exclusively monocultures. The post 1950's sprawl development, in combination with the "Get big or get out" (Former Secretary of Agriculture, Earl Butz), and the "Green Revolution" mindsets (the kind of green revolution produced by using chemical fertilizers and pesticides) hit small and medium family farms like a tidal wave, causing nearly total extinction. The organic and sustainable farming movement was one safe harbor from these mindsets.
· Why live low tech in these high tech times?
· How and when did we decide to do this type of farming business?
· What skills and knowledge were needed?
· What kind of financing was needed?
· How are the products marketed?
People were looking for working models, a primer on successful small farms. This book attempts to describe a working model of a small farm, and to answer these questions. The first two questions address personal political and philosophical issues. In farming, when you live where you work, the business is not a job as much as a life. So the first two questions are included to show that choice and planning are the first tools a sustainable farmer needs to use.


text:
\section{Introduction}

Modern day optical applications like optical coherence tomography \cite{Huang1991,Judson2009} and ghost imaging \cite{Hartmann2017,Pittman1995,Gatti2006} make use of the unique emission properties of spectrally broadband light-emitting quantum dot superluminescent diodes (QDSLD). By using specialized waveguide geometries and gain materials, QDSLDs are able to combine high output intensities, spatially directed emission and spectral widths in the THz regime. Hence, they fill the gap in the family of semiconductor-based optical emitters between coherent laser diodes and incoherent light emitting diodes. After being proposed in 1973 \cite{Lee1973}, research on the characteristics of QDSLDs has been intensified in recent years after Boitier et al. \cite{Boitier2009} enabled the direct measurement of coherence times in the femtosecond regime using two-photon absorption in semiconductors. This research includes experimental studies of emission and photon statistical characteristics of QDSLDs \cite{Jechow2013,Kiethe2017,Blazek2011}, as well as theoretical investigations based on rate equations \cite{Uskov2004,Bardella2009,Forrest2020}, travelling wave approaches \cite{Rossetti2011}, finite element methods \cite{Li2010} and a quantized treatment \cite{Friedrich2020, Hartmann2015}. To this day, effort is being put into developing more efficient and high-powered QDSLDs \cite{Ozaki2019,Forrest2019,Aho2019}.

Adding a new perspective to the investigation of QDSLDs, we discuss a stochastic model for the emission in this article. Stochastic approaches have long proven to have a wide-ranging field of applications in \mbox{biology \cite{Brueckner2019,Fang2019,Vagne2018}}, \mbox{engineering \cite{Nesti2018}}, finance \cite{Kanazawa2018}, quantum many-body physics \cite{Hartmann2019}, soft-matter physics \cite{Qi2020,Liebchen2019}, optics \cite{Walser1994, McIntyre1993} and many more scientific areas. We develop a model to describe experimental emission spectra from a superposition of stochastic fields. Using least square fits, we determine Lorentzian linewidths, carrier frequencies and amplitudes of the individual fields to model experimental spectra. This is illustrated for Gaussian-, Lorentzian-, Voigt- as well as bandpass spectra and applied to the experimental spectrum of a QDSLD \cite{Hartmann2017}. Using numerical simulations, we determine first- and second-order temporal correlation functions of the electric field and calculate the spectral power density of the resulting emission.

The article is organized as follows: the stochastic model of emission spectra is developed in Sec. \ref{sec:model}. It consists of individual classical fields, which are described by a distinct stochastic differential equation. After investigating properties of these fields, relevant spectra are modelled as a superposition. This is applied to a specific experimental spectrum produced by a QDSLD \cite{Hartmann2017}. The model is subsequently used to calculate the emission spectrum of the diode in Sec. \ref{sec:spectrum} and the normalized stationary second-order temporal correlation function in Sec. \ref{sec:secOrdTemp}. A conclusion is given in Sec. \ref{sec:conclusion}. An appendix summarizes the convergence properties of the simulation schemes.

\section{Stochastic model of emission spectra} \label{sec:model}

The classical electric field of a diode results from a superposition of stochastic fields. Hence, the electric field outside of the diode reads
\begin{align}
	\varepsilon_{\text{d}}(t)=\sum_{j=1}^N\varepsilon_j(t),\label{eq:diodeField}
\end{align}
with the number of fields $N$ and $\varepsilon_j(t)$ the $j$-th complex field amplitude.

\subsection{Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process}

An individual classical field $\varepsilon(t)\in\mathbb{C}$ is modelled as a complex Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process \cite{Uhlenbeck1930, Gardiner2009}. This is described by the Ito stochastic differential equation
\begin{align}
	\text{d}\varepsilon(t)=(\text{i}\nu_0-\gamma)\,\varepsilon(t)\,\text{d}t+D\,\text{d}W(t),\label{eq:fieldQD}
\end{align}
with the carrier frequency $\nu_0$, the linewidth $\gamma$, the diffusion constant $D=\sqrt{\gamma I}$, the mean intensity of the electric field $I=\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\langle\vert\varepsilon(t)\vert^2\rangle$ and the complex Wiener noise increment $\text{d}W(t)\in\mathbb{C}$, whose properties are given by $\langle\text{d}W(t)\rangle=0$ and $\langle\vert\text{d}W(t)\vert^2\rangle=\text{d}t$.

The stationary first-order temporal correlation function reads \cite{Gardiner2009,Glauber1963}
\begin{align}
	G_{\text{s}}^{(1)}(\tau)=\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\left\langle\varepsilon^*(t)\varepsilon(t+\tau)\right\rangle=I\text{e}^{-\gamma\vert\tau\vert-\text{i}\nu_0\tau}.\label{eq:statTempCorCGF}
\end{align}
The spectral power density is given by the Fourier transform
\begin{align}
	S(\nu)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}
\text{d}\tau\;G_{\text{s}}^{(1)}(\tau)\text{e}^{\text{i}\nu\tau}
\end{align}
of eq. (\ref{eq:statTempCorCGF}) in accordance to the Wiener-Khintchine theorem \cite{Wiener1930, Khintchine1934}. This yields
\begin{align}
	S(\nu)=&I\sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}}\frac{\gamma}{(\nu-\nu_0)^2+\gamma^2},& \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\text{d}\nu\;S(\nu)=&I.\label{eq:spectralPowerDensityQD}
\end{align}
Furthermore, the stationary normalized second-order temporal correlation function is given by the Siegert relation \cite{Glauber1963,Mandel1995}
\begin{align}
	g_{\text{s}}^{(2)}(\tau)=\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\frac{\langle\varepsilon^*(t)\varepsilon^*(t+\tau)\varepsilon(t+\tau)\varepsilon(t)\rangle}{\langle\varepsilon^*(t)\varepsilon(t)\rangle\langle\varepsilon^*(t+\tau)\varepsilon(t+\tau)\rangle}
	=1+\text{e}^{-2\gamma\vert\tau\vert}.\label{eq:secOrdTempAna}
\end{align}

\subsection{Stochastic simulation}

In addition to analytical results we perform numerical simulations of eq. (\ref{eq:fieldQD}). In order to obtain an efficient simulation procedure we separate the rapid oscillating carrier frequency by the transformation $\varepsilon(t)=\eta(t)\text{e}^{-\text{i}\nu_0 t}$ yielding
\begin{align}
		\text{d}\eta(t)=-\gamma\,\eta(t)\,\text{d}t+D\,\text{d}W(t).
\end{align}
As the diffusion constant $D$ is independent of the electric field amplitude $\eta(t)$, the Euler scheme \cite{Kloeden1999} can be used to achieve strong convergence of order $1.0$ (see Appendix \ref{sec:numSimSDE}). Therefore the electric field amplitude can be simulated iteratively
\begin{align}
	\eta(t_{i+1})=\eta(t_i)-\gamma\eta(t_i)\,\Delta t+D\,\Delta W,\label{eq:simField}
\end{align}
with the discrete time step $\Delta t=t_{i+1}-t_i$ and $\Delta W$ a complex Gaussian random process with mean $\langle\Delta W\rangle=0$ and variance $\langle\vert\Delta W\vert^2\rangle=\Delta t$.

The first-order temporal correlation function of eq. (\ref{eq:statTempCorCGF}) is calculated from a sample average over $M$ realizations
	\begin{align}
		G^{(1)}(\tau)=\frac{1}{M}\sum_{m=1}^M\left(\varepsilon^{(m)}(t_s)\right)^*\varepsilon^{(m)}(t_s+\tau)\label{eq:simTempCor}
	\end{align}
long after the transient regime $t_s\gg 1/\gamma_j$. $\varepsilon^{(m)}(t)$ is the $m$-th realization of the electric field. This result can be used to calculate the spectral power density of the emission using a Fourier transformation.

The determination of the normalized second-order temporal correlation function (\ref{eq:secOrdTempAna}) can be split into two separate calculations. The first-order temporal correlation functions in the denominator can be simulated according to eq. (\ref{eq:simTempCor}), while the second-order correlation function in the numerator can be calculated as
\begin{align}
	G^{(2)}(\tau)=\frac{1}{M}\sum_{m=1}^M\left\vert\varepsilon^{(m)}(t_s+\tau)\,\varepsilon^{(m)}(t_s)\right\vert^2.\label{eq:secOrdTempSim}
\end{align}
Simulation results as well as analytical calculations of the first- and second-order temporal correlation properties of an individual field can be seen in Fig. \ref{fig:propertiesSingleQD}. The simulations show good agreement with the analytical results for the given parameters ($\gamma=0.5$\,THz, $I=1$, $\nu_0=10$\,THz, $\Delta t=0.01$\,ps, $M=10^4$).

\begin{figure}[h]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{complexGaussianField.jpg}
	\caption{(a) Stationary first-order temporal correlation function $G_{\text{s}}^{(1)}(\tau)$ versus time $\tau$, (b) spectral power density $S(\nu)$ versus \mbox{frequency $\nu$} with width (FWHM) $2\gamma=1$\,THz and (c) stationary normalized second-order temporal correlation function $g_{\text{s}}^{(2)}(\tau)$ versus time $\tau$ for the electric field described by eq. (\ref{eq:fieldQD}). Simulation results (black, solid) and analytical expressions (yellow, dashed) were calculated with $I=1$ and $\nu_0=10$\,THz. The correlation functions were determined using $\Delta t=0.01$\,ps and $M=10^4$ realizations.}
	\label{fig:propertiesSingleQD}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Modelling of emission shapes}

The emission of a diode (\ref{eq:diodeField}) is described as the superposition of $N$ independent classical fields with individual linewidths $\gamma_j$, mean intensities $I_j$ and central frequencies $\nu_j$. The stationary first-order temporal correlation function reads
\begin{align}
	G_{\text{d}}^{(1)}(\tau)=\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\left\langle\varepsilon_{\text{d}}^*(t)\varepsilon_{\text{d}}(t+\tau)\right\rangle=\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\sum_{j=1}^{N}\left\langle\varepsilon_j^*(t)\varepsilon_j(t+\tau)\right\rangle.
\end{align}
Thus, the spectral power density is the incoherent sum of the individual spectra
\begin{align}
	S_{\text{d}}(\nu)=\sum_{j=1}^NS_j(\nu).\label{eq:sumLorentizans}
\end{align}

This model can be used to approximate a wide range of shapes through the adjustment of the $3N$ free parameters $\gamma_j$, $I_j$ and $\nu_j$ in eq. (\ref{eq:sumLorentizans}) by means of a least square fit, minimizing the error functional
\begin{align}
	e=\sum_{i}(S_{\text{t}}(\nu_i)-S_{\text{d}}(\nu_i))^2\label{eq:error}
\end{align}
for a test spectrum $S_{\text{t}}(\nu)$ at discrete frequencies $\nu_i$. Examples of interest \cite{NIST} are given by Gaussian spectra
	\begin{align}
		S_{\text{g}}(\nu)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sigma^2}}\text{e}^{-\frac{(\nu-\nu_0)^2}{2\sigma^2}},
	\end{align}
Lorentzian spectra
	\begin{align}
		S_{\text{l}}(\nu)=\sqrt{\frac{2}{\pi}}\frac{\gamma}{(\nu-\nu_0)^2+\gamma^2},
	\end{align}
Voigt profiles
	\begin{align}
		S_{\text{v}}(\nu)=&\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sigma^2}}\text{Re}\left\{\text{e}^{-z^2}\text{erfc}(-\text{i}z)\right\}, & z=\frac{\nu+\text{i}\gamma}{\sigma\sqrt{2}},
	\end{align}
with the complementary error function $\text{erfc}(z)$, and bandwidth limited box shapes
	\begin{align}
		S_{\text{b}}(\nu)=\left\{\begin{matrix}
				\sqrt{2\pi}/\gamma, & \text{for } \vert\nu\vert\leq\gamma/2,\\
				0, & \text{else.}
		\end{matrix}\right.
	\end{align}
This is illustrated in Fig. \ref{fig:arbitraryModel}. Please note that all spectra are normalized to
\begin{align}
	\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\text{d}\nu\;S(\nu)=1.
\end{align}

\begin{figure}[H]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.55\textwidth]{arbitraryModel.jpg}
	\caption{(a) Gaussian spectrum $S_{\text{g}}(\nu)$, (b) Lorentzian spectrum $S_{\text{l}}(\nu)$, (c) Voigt profile $S_{\text{v}}(\nu)$ and (d) bandwidth limited box shape $S_{\text{b}}(\nu)$ versus frequency $\nu$ (black, solid; $\nu_0=0$, $\sigma=1$, $\gamma=1$) modelled according to eq. (\ref{eq:sumLorentizans}) with $N=30$ elementary oscillators (yellow, dashed). The oscillations at the edge of the box are a typical Gibbs phenomenon \cite{Jerri1998}.}
	\label{fig:arbitraryModel}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Model of quantum dot superluminescent diode emission} \label{model}

Superluminescent diodes are semiconductor-based light sources, which are characterized by spatially directed emission and spectral widths in the THz regime. The experiments with QDSLDs \cite{Hartmann2017} had an active medium consisting of inhomogeneously broadened InAs/InGaAs quantum dot layers. The optical power spectrum has a Gaussian shape (see Fig. \ref{fig:lorentzianModel}). The emission of the diode is modelled by $N=30$ individual oscillators using a least square fit (see eq. (\ref{eq:error})) to an experimental spectrum $S_{\text{e}}(\nu)$ \cite{Hartmann2017} to determine linewidths $\gamma_j$, mean intensities $I_j$ and central frequencies $\nu_j$ describing the emission. This is illustrated in Fig. \ref{fig:lorentzianModel}.

\begin{figure}[H]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.52\textwidth]{lorentzianModel.jpg}
	\caption{Experimental optical power spectrum $S_{\text{e}}(\nu)$ (black, solid) versus frequency $\nu$ \cite{Hartmann2017} with Gaussian fit $S_{\text{g}}(\nu)$ (red, dotted), stochastic emission $S_{\text{d}}(\nu)$ for $N=30$ oscillators according to eq. (\ref{eq:sumLorentizans}) (yellow, dashed) and spectra of individual oscillators $S_j(\nu)$ (solid, blue). The results of the Gaussian fit are a central frequency $\nu_0=239.9$\,THz and a width $\sigma=1.17$\,THz.}
	\label{fig:lorentzianModel}
\end{figure}

\section{QDSLD emission spectrum} \label{sec:spectrum}

The description of the QDSLD is used to simulate the output spectrum of such a diode. For this, the central frequencies $\nu_j$, linewidths $\gamma_j$ and mean intensities $I_j$ determined in Sec. \ref{model} are used to simulate the individual electric fields $\varepsilon_j(t)$ according to eq. (\ref{eq:simField}). The electric field produced by the diode $\varepsilon_{\text{d}}(t)$ results according to eq. (\ref{eq:diodeField}). Subsequently, the stationary first-order temporal correlation function $G_{\text{d}}^{(1)}(\tau)$ is calculated according to eq. (\ref{eq:simTempCor}) using $M=10^4$ realizations of the diode field $\varepsilon_{\text{d}}(t)$. The spectral power density of the emission $S_{\text{d}}(\nu)$ is determined using a Fourier transformation.

\begin{figure}[H]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.52\textwidth]{sumComplexGaussiansSpectrum.jpg}
	\caption{Experimental optical power spectrum $S_{\text{e}}(\nu)$ (black, solid) versus frequency $\nu$ \cite{Hartmann2017} with simulation results $S_{\text{d}}(\nu)$ (yellow, dashed) for $N=30$ oscillators resulting from a Fourier transformation of the stationary first-order temporal correlation function $G_{\text{d}}^{(1)}(\tau)$ calculated according to eq. (\ref{eq:simTempCor}) with $M=10^4$.}
	\label{fig:sumComplexGaussians}
\end{figure}

The result of the simulation (see Fig. \ref{fig:sumComplexGaussians}) shows good agreement with the experimental optical power spectrum \cite{Hartmann2017}. We define the width of the spectral power density \cite{Suessmann1997, Schleich2011}
\begin{align}
	b=\frac{1}{\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\text{d}\nu\;S^2(\nu)}.
\end{align}
This yields $b_{\text{d}}=4.51\,\text{THz}$, implying a coherence time of $\tau_{\text{c,d}}=1/b_{\text{d}}=221.9\,\text{fs}$, which matches the experimental results of $b_{\text{e}}=4.29$\,THz and $\tau_{\text{c,e}}=233$\,fs very well. The developed formalism of modelling the emission of a quantum dot superluminescent diode as a superposition of individual oscillators is therefore suitable to describe the spectral power density of the diode.

\section{Second-order temporal correlation function} \label{sec:secOrdTemp}

In addition to the investigation of the optical power spectrum, the developed formalism can be used to investigate the classical photon statistics of the QDSLD emission. For this, $M$ realizations of the electric field $\varepsilon_{\text{d}}(t)$ determined in sec. \ref{sec:spectrum} are used to calculate the stationary normalized second-order temporal correlation function $g_{\text{d}}^{(2)}(\tau)$ of the emission (\ref{eq:secOrdTempAna}, \ref{eq:simTempCor}, \ref{eq:secOrdTempSim}).

The result for the central frequencies $\nu_j$, linewidths $\gamma_j$ and mean intensities $I_j$ determined in section \ref{model} is illustrated in Fig. \ref{fig:secOrderTempCor}. There is good agreement between the simulation and the experimental data $g_{\text{e}}^{(2)}(\tau)$. The central degree of second-order temporal coherence $g_{\text{d}}^{(2)}(\tau=0)\simeq2$ indicates a Gaussian photon distribution, which was also shown experimentally. Therefore, the developed formalism is suited for classical photon statistical investigations of QDSLDs.

\begin{figure}[H]
	\centering
	\includegraphics[width=0.52\textwidth]{sumComplexGaussiansg2tau.jpg}
	\caption{Experimental stationary normalized second-order temporal correlation function $g_{\text{e}}^{(2)}(\tau)$ (black, solid) versus time $\tau$ \cite{Hartmann2017} with simulation results $g_{\text{d}}^{(2)}(\tau)$ (yellow, dashed) for $N=30$ oscillators calculated according to eqs. (\ref{eq:simTempCor}, \ref{eq:secOrdTempSim}) with $M=10^4$.}
	\label{fig:secOrderTempCor}
\end{figure}

\section{Conclusion} \label{sec:conclusion}

In this article we study a stochastic model to describe experimental emission spectra. These are considered to result as a superposition of individual complex Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. The first- and second-order temporal correlation properties of these oscillators are investigated analytically and numerically. We can approximate Gaussian-, Lorentzian-, Voigt- and bandwidth limited spectra by determination of Lorentzian linewidths, carrier frequencies and amplitudes of the individual oscillators using least square fits.

The developed procedure is applied to the emission properties of quantum dot superluminescent diodes. Simulation parameters are extracted from a least square fit to an experimental spectrum \cite{Hartmann2017}. These are used to simulate the QDSLD emission and calculate first- and second-order temporal correlation properties. The determined spectral power density of the emission, resulting from a Fourier transformation of the stationary first-order temporal correlation function, shows good agreement with the experimental results regarding the shape of the spectral line, as well as spectral width and coherence time. Additionally, calculating the stationary normalized second-order temporal correlation function results in a a central degree of second-order temporal coherence $g^{(2)}(\tau=0)\simeq2$. This indicates a Gaussian photon distribution, which is in agreement with experiments and former theoretical investigations.

The stochastic description of QDSLD emission offers a straightforward perspective on the process of light generation inside QDSLDs, describing it as a superposition of individual classical oscillators. More data on the emission characteristics of the constituents of QDSLDs can lead to a better understanding and contribute to the design of new diodes. Furthermore, this approach can be used in the investigation of other phenomena shown by QDLSDs such as temperature dependent intensity noise reduction \cite{Blazek2011}.

\section*{Acknowledgement}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgement}

We thank S\'{e}bastien Blumenstein for the provision of experimental data and \mbox{Prof. Wolfgang} Els\"{a}\ss er for stimulating discussions.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv