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Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy, Recurring story elements
Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy/Recurring elements
< Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy
The following is a list of recurring elements in the Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy subseries. As the games in Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy series share a common mythos, they have common concepts albeit used with varying interpretations.
Overarching concepts Edit
Roles of crystals Edit
Crystals represent souls, divinity, and the origin of magic. This hearkens back to the main Final Fantasy series where crystals have been a staple since the series's inception, but Fabula Nova Crystallis—as the name suggests—aims for new interpretations of the role of crystals in the series.
Divine tasks given to humans via the intermediary of the crystal is an overarching concept in the series. In Final Fantasy XIII and its sequels, and the Type series, these manifest as Foci, tasks given to l'Cie either by the fal'Cie (in Final Fantasy XIII) or a Crystal (Final Fantasy Type-0), but the effects on the l'Cie differ between these worlds. Also in Final Fantasy Type-0 Arecia Al-Rashia, a divine servant, has chosen the cadets of Class Zero to carry out a task, namely, to become Agito. In Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII Lightning's role is also similar, having been given the divine role of the savior by the god Bhunivelze. In Final Fantasy XV, a key part of the story is the Crystal choosing the main protagonist Noctis Lucis Caelum to become the world's savior, the "True King".
Crystals have a will of their own that drives life, and by their acts a desired destiny can be meted out. Deviation of this will transforms a l'Cie into a Cie'th—a monster—as punishment. In Final Fantasy XIII the fal'Cie want to forge the tools to strike down Cocoon with further downstream effects that manifest as time paradoxes and the end of time and broken cycle of life. Try as they might to escape their fate, Lightning and her friends inadvertently act out the destiny that was designed.
In Final Fantasy Type-0 Cid Aulstyne pursues military occupation against the other Crystal-Nations to free Orience from living under the Crystals' "guidance", which he deems closer to a form of enslavement. This campaign is reciprocated by the Dominion of Rubrum and Class Zero, which through actions spurred on by the Crystals culminates in Tempus Finis. The escape of being puppets to a higher power is a major theme explored in the series.
Vanille puzzled by crystalline souls.
Crystals represent life. People's souls can appear as crystalline specks, and l'Cie in crystal stasis—as well as those who go on to turn into Cie'th—have their souls trapped on the mortal realm by crystallizing the body (some refer to this as gaining an eternal life). In Final Fantasy XIII the crystals (known as eidoliths) that turn a regular human into a l'Cie are implied to originate from the gods. When Lightning and her companions enter the domain of the gods to face Pulse, his tendrils appear to implant the crystal shards into their bodies. The fal'Cie, directly created by the gods—Pulse and Lindzei—are sentient immortal machines powered by a crystal core, presumed to likewise originate from the gods.
The gods of the Fabula Nova Crystallis series take on a role akin to the "Great Old Ones" from H.P. Lovecraft lore; unlike archetypal benevolent gods in religion, the gods and fal'Cie are largely indifferent to the actions of humans, instead carrying out their independent existences, using humans as instruments when necessary. In Final Fantasy XIII when the party reaches Gran Pulse, the local fal'Cie are disinterested in the first humans from Cocoon to set foot on the ground for hundreds of years. Pulse and Lindzei, opposed and loathed by the opposite's human worshipers, are similar, and show no compassion toward humans, sending almost every last one to their graves as l'Cie tasked in slaying increasingly monstrous creatures. The goddess Etro is seemingly the only deity who empathizes with humans.
L'Cie and fal'Cie, as well as Cie'th, wield magic, and it is implied this power is granted by the crystal. In Final Fantasy XIII l'Cie "channel" their spells from their eidolith. A l'Cie can forge a pact with an Eidolon, messengers of the goddess Etro, and summon them to the mortal realm via their eidolith. Serah Farron relinquishes a "crystal tear" to her fiancé Snow Villiers, and it is implied to act as an extension of her being, allowing her to see and hear those near the crystal tear even if her physical body is elsewhere.
Vermilion Bird Crystal in Final Fantasy Type-0.
In Final Fantasy Type-0 the Crystals take a more traditional role as in early main series Final Fantasy games as entities that govern great magical power granted to the kingdoms of the world. The Crystals of Orience are sentient and make humans l'Cie to exert their Will in the world, even if Pulse and Lindzei also exist in the mythos, but one's soul can again be bound on the mortal realm via crystallization of the body. The Eidolons have a different form in Final Fantasy Type-0 than in Final Fantasy XIII, not being mechanical beings, but they are again implied to be of divine origin.
Glimmering floating intangible crystal shards that represent human souls appear in the Fabula Nova Crystallis games. They appear near the end of Final Fantasy XIII and in its sequels, and in the background of menus—such as the save screen—in Final Fantasy Type-0. Despite its connection to the Fabula Nova Crystallis series becoming tenuous, elements still appear in Final Fantasy XV. A particular remnant is the association of souls with floating transparent crystal shards: the crystal specks mainly appear when Noctis uses the powers of his ancestors via the bonding of the souls. The shards also appear during select story scenes tied to the mythos within each game.
Roles of humans Edit
The Vermilion Bird l'Cie Zhuyu Voghfau Byot.
Humans in the Fabula Nova Crystallis mythos are unique creatures without parallel: they were created from material in the physical world (the blood of Etro), but hold the energy of the unseen realm (the chaos forming their hearts) inside them, giving them emotions and an independent self. This allows them to exist in both the physical and the ethereal. Other creatures, such as the world's deities and fal'Cie, are tied to the physical realm, and Etro was tied to the unseen realm after her death. The power humans hold is generally exploited by the fal'Cie by branding select humans as l'Cie.
The concept of l'Cie alludes to the Warriors of Light, a recurring theme in the Final Fantasy series where a group of warriors brought together by circumstance become "branded" the Warriors of Light by the crystal, giving them a mission to save the world and often special powers to achieve said mission. This is part of a larger concept of Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy in re-imagining core concepts of the series. In previous games becoming a Warrior of Light was depicted as heroic, whereas the Fabula Nova Crystallis series explores the concept of servitude to the crystal in a more sinister light, bringing the free will of chosen "warriors" into question. Final Fantasy XV and its downloadable content likewise share the theme of questioning the free will of the "Warriors of Light"; ranging from Noctis' role as the True King, to the burden of the Kingsglaive and the fall of Ardyn Izunia. In all cases, the will of the world's deities and its Crystal appear in contrast with human wishes despite being for their ultimate benefit.
Human souls and their journey to the gate to the afterlife, known as Etro's gate, plays a role in all of the Fabula Nova Crystallis games, as do the recurring deities Pulse, Lindzei and Etro. This alludes to the original mythos where the creator god Bhunivelze wishes to find a way to enter the realm of the dead without needing to die himself, and creates the three lesser deities to help with the task. In Final Fantasy XIII and Type series, the deities have tasked their followers to find the gate in varying ways, but the humans of the world are largely ignorant of the concept of the afterlife.
Individual games Edit
Final Fantasy XIII Edit
Orphan indirectly refers to the series title with the line, "From shattered shards, a new crystal legend will arise".
The thirteenth Analect is called "Fabula Nova Crystallis". The analects themselves reprise the story from the official mythology adapted for the world of Final Fantasy XIII, and thus include the creation of Cocoon. Arks are armories created by Pulse fal'Cie, for "a battle in the beyond", referring to the battle Bhunivelze plans to wage against Mwynn after the Door of Souls is found.
There is a piece of music on the fourth disc of the Final Fantasy XIII: Original Soundtrack called "Fabula Nova Crystallis".
Final Fantasy XIII-2 Edit
The fragments Etro's Sorrow, Pulse's Resolution, Lindzei's Desire, Mwynn's Tenderness and Bhunivelze's Sleep allude to the official mythos where Etro suffered abandonment, Pulse was determined to find the gate to the afterlife, Lindzei wanted to protect the world, Mwynn was kind and compassionate, and Bhunivelze fell into a deep crystal sleep to be awaken when the Door of Souls would be found.
Chaos, the malevolent substance that is also the building block for human hearts, was not mentioned in Final Fantasy XIII, but plays a crucial role in Final Fantasy XIII-2. The idea alludes to the official mythos where chaos is the substance threatening world balance.
The concept of reincarnation is introduced in the form of Yeul and Valhalla. In the official mythos all souls form part of a cycle of reincarnation. In Final Fantasy XIII-2, souls pass through Valhalla to the unseen realm where they sink into the chaos until retrieved and placed inside new bodies while their hearts return to the chaos. Yeul's soul holds on to its identity and is unable to rejoin the cycle, so Etro grants it a constant rebirth in the same form: her various selves persisting in the unseen realm causes a critical imbalance in the levels of chaos that spells the end of the world.
In the official mythos goddess Etro crafts people's hearts by placing a shard of chaos inside every newborn. In Final Fantasy XIII-2 Caius Ballad has the "Heart of Chaos", said to be Etro's own physical heart, given to him by her.
Hope named the New Cocoon "Bhunivelze" after the deity who created Pulse, Lindzei and Etro in the official mythos.
Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII Edit
The original mythos is reprised in the form of murals in the Temple Ruins. It focuses on Bhunivelze and his view on death as an impurity that ought not to exist. Bhunivelze himself hails from the official Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy mythos. His turning into a crystal in the end alludes to the official mythos where Bhunivelze fell into a deep crystal sleep until he would be ready to challenge Mwynn in the unseen realm. Like in the official mythos, Bhunivelze desires to be the all-powerful ruler of the universe.
Bhunivelze wanting to make Lightning the new goddess of death to facilitate the cycle of life may allude to Mwynn giving Etro a similar task in the official mythos.
There is a student in Ruffian who studies "crystal legends", alluding to the term Fabula Nova Crystallis.
The Temple of Light's Altars have long corridors with views to different areas from the trilogy, same as how Pandæmonium from Final Fantasy Type-0 has four long corridors with "windows" that look out to abstract areas from the game's past under attack.
Final Fantasy Type-0 Edit
Altocrystarium.
All deities, except for Bhunivelze, have an accessory named after them. Pulse, Lindzei and Etro appear as part of the game's lore, although they are barely mentioned.
When Class Zero is heading to the top of Pandæmonium, Cid mentions that mankind was born from Etro's blood, alluding to the original mythos.
There are numerous references to Etro's gate:
Ace's cards have a symbol similar to the gate on them.
Cubes sport a symbol similar to the gate.
Relic terminals sport a symbol similar to the gate.
The cover of Rubicus bears a depiction of the gate.
The front of the Altocrystarium sports a symbol similar to the gate due to its relationship to souls, or phantoma.
When Dr Arecia summons Bahamut ZERO, the portal he emerges from is in the image of an eye.
Above the Pandæmonium there is a large fiery sphere around which cogs turn and a mechanism with likeness to Etro's gate.
Certain trap floors in Pandaemonium that deal damage when stepped on bear the likeness of Etro's gate.
The design of the Rursan Arbiter sports many eye-like structures upon it.
The peace treaty proposed during the cadets' Operation MA Demolition is called the "Fabula Pact."
Ignis, an Ifrit Class Eidolon, is a name also seen in the other Fabula Nova Crystallis titles. Ignis is an ability name for Bahamut in Final Fantasy XIII and Chaos Bahamut in Final Fantasy XIII-2, and is a name for a character in Final Fantasy XV.
Final Fantasy XV Edit
Although its link to the Fabula Nova Crystallis has been reduced to a low-key thematic one around which original lore is based,[1][2][3] Final Fantasy XV started its journey as Final Fantasy Versus XIII, counterpart to Final Fantasy XIII and part of the series where the games would share the same crystal lore. When the game was reworked into Final Fantasy XV the developers strove to keep as many elements of the original as possible, and thus Final Fantasy XV shares some of the same elements.
A shared theme, as stated by Director Hajime Tabata in the Final Fantasy XV Ultimania -Scenario Side-, is the struggles of humans chosen for a task by the divine crystal.[4]
In Final Fantasy XV: Episode Ardyn, defying fate is depicted as futile, with Ardyn's final choice being to either submit to his fate or resist it and face the wrath of the gods.
The novel Final Fantasy XV -The Dawn of the Future- contains a path where the main characters find a way to defy their fate and find a solution that preserves lives.[5] In this alternate ending to the saga, Bahamut takes on a role akin to the deities in the Fabula Nova Crystallis series as a god who turns again man when the latter defies his plan for the world's "salvation." In the end, gods, magic and the Crystal vanish from the world and the people are left to carry on by their own devices, like the endings of Lightning Returns and Type-0.
The royal families of Lucis and Tenebrae are given magical powers by the world's deities and their associated Crystal, a recurring theme in the Fabula Nova Crystallis games.
Due to their nature, history and temperaments concerning humanity, the Astrals and their lore are similar to lore of the the gods and the fal'Cie of Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy.
In Final Fantasy Versus XIII Etro was the goddess of death who opened "the door" to the afterlife. Though this concept was not used in the game, it appears that the goddess in the game's logo (
), and in the painting of the prophecy (
), have been inspired by Etro and Yoshitaka Amano's logo artwork.[1] The logo is eventually shown to represent Lunafreya's sleeping spirit, while the winged figure in the painting represents the divinely-gifted Oracle.
In Final Fantasy XV, the Crystal itself acts as the door to a heavenly realm, somewhat akin to the role of Etro's gate in the Fabula Nova Crystallis series.
Noctis collects a Royal Arm.
Crystalline fragments representing the power and presence of souls appear when Noctis is retrieving a royal arm from a royal tomb. According to Cor Leonis, the weapons are bequathed through the "bonding of souls". The soul crystals also appear when Noctis is about to summon, and when he wields the Ring of the Lucii in battle. During the ending, soul fragments appear at Noctis and Lunafreya's wedding.
Noctis's ten-year slumber inside the Crystal of Lucis is similar to crystal stasis as seen in other Fabula Nova Crystallis games, although he ages during his slumber.
A recently turned daemon.
The corruption which turns humans into daemons in the world of Eos is similar to both the power of chaos and the Cie'th curse in the Fabula Nova Crystallis mythology.
Additionally, the Japanese word for "daemons", (シガイ, Shigai?), is pronounced identically to the Japanese names for Cie'th.
Ardyn Izunia's condition as a cursed being rejected by the Crystal also recalls the concept of the Cie'th.
References are made by the Astral Bahamut to the concept of "Providence", a term used in Final Fantasy XIII to represent the will of Etro in the Analects.
The lyrics of "Somnus" and "Omnis Lacrima" refer to a sleeping god waiting for the call to awaken, and that his awakening will be heralded by turmoil. These references parallel the lore surrounding Bhunivelze. In the context of Final Fantasy XV, the lyrics could allude to the Astrals that had been sleeping for eons before being roused by Lunafreya, heralding a time of turmoil for those near them and for Eos as a whole.
In the "Final Fantasy XV Universe E3 2017 Trailer", at 2:23, when the various aspects of the Final Fantasy XV narrative are highlighted, an eye-shaped design appears. Within the Fabula Nova Crystallis mythos, Etro's gate has repeatedly been represented as an eye-like shape, or has been related to eyes.
↑ 1.0 1.1 16 More Things We Learned About Final Fantasy 15 (Accessed: August 30, 2015) at Gamespot
↑ 『ファイナルファンタジーXV』発売時期を示唆、『Just Cause 3』との技術協力も決定【gamescom 2015】 QUOTE:
――ではもうひとつ。神話や神についての設定は、『FFヴェルサスXIII』から『FFXV』への移行により変更があるのでしょうか。
田畑: 『FFXV』にする段階で、そこまでに固まっていた設定については、神話とは強く絡めず『FFXV』の設定として取り込んでいます。ファブラの神話として出てくるものではありませんが、ベースとして活きています。
↑ http://www.finaland.com/?rub=site&page=news&id=5516
↑ (2016-12-28) Final Fantasy XV Ultimania -Scenario Side- (in Japanese). Tokyo: Studio Bentstuff. Invalid citation format.
↑ 小説 FINAL FANTASY XV -The Dawn Of The Future- (Accessed: February 20, 2019) at Square Enix Store Japan
Fabula Nova Crystallis: Final Fantasy
Lightning Saga releases
Final Fantasy XIII - Final Fantasy XIII-2 - Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII
Final Fantasy XIII Episode Zero -Promise- - Final Fantasy XIII Gaiden Shōsetsu: Yumemiru Mayu, Akatsuki ni Otsu - Final Fantasy XIII -Episode i- - Final Fantasy XIII-2 Fragments Before - Final Fantasy XIII-2 Fragments After - Lightning Returns: Final Fantasy XIII Chronicle of Chaotic Era - Final Fantasy XIII: Reminiscence -tracer of memories-
Type series releases
Final Fantasy Type-0 - Final Fantasy Agito - Final Fantasy Awakening - Final Fantasy Type-Next
Final Fantasy Type-0 Side Story: The Reaper of the Icy Blade - Manga - Final Fantasy Type-0: Change the World -The Answer- - Final Fantasy Type-0: Change the World -The Penultimate Truth-
Cancelled titles
Recurring topics
Bhunivelze - Etro - Lindzei - Maker - Mwynn - Pulse
Chaos - Cie'th - Crystal - Crystal stasis - Eidolon (XIII · Type-0) - Etro's gate - fal'Cie - Focus - Heart - l'Cie - Soul - Unseen realm - Valhalla
Retrieved from "https://finalfantasy.fandom.com/wiki/Fabula_Nova_Crystallis:_Final_Fantasy/Recurring_elements?oldid=3127360"
Recurring story elements


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'Minions: The Rise Of Gru': Release Date & Everything Else To Know
The 'Despicable Me' franchise continues with 'Minions: The Rise of Gru', which will tell the origin story of Steve Carell's character. Here's what to know about the upcoming film.
Felonious Gru, voiced by Steve Carell, is a staple in the Despicable Me film franchise. The grouchy supervillain-turned-doting father is the main protagonist in the films, which follow he and his yellow-colored Minions. Gru also appears at the age of 8 in the 2015 spin-off prequel Minions. Fans have been clamoring to get Gru's origin story, and lucky for them, that's exactly what's in store for Minions: The Rise of Gru. The follow-up to Minions comes out in theaters in 2022 and will explore 12-year-old Gru's mission to join the supervillain group Vicious 6.
Below, everything you need to know about Minions: The Rise of Gru — including the release date, returning (and new) cast members, and more.
What is 'Minions: The Rise of Gru' about?
As its name suggest, Minions: The Rise of Gru is all about Gru. It takes place after Minions, when Gru was an 8-year-old, but before the first Despicable Me film, when Gru is a super-villain and in charge of the Minions. The Minions: The Rise of Gru's official synopsis from Universal Pictures reads, "In the heart of the 1970s, amidst a flurry of feathered hair and flared jeans, Gru (Steve Carell) is growing up in the suburbs. A fanboy of a supervillain supergroup known as the Vicious 6, Gru hatches a plan to become evil enough to join them. Luckily, he gets some mayhem-making back-up from his loyal followers, the Minions. Together, Kevin, Stuart, Bob, and Otto deploy their skills as they and Gru build their first lair, experiment with their first weapons, and pull off their first missions. When the Vicious 6 oust their leader, legendary fighter Wild Knuckles (Alan Arkin), Gru interviews to become their newest member. It doesn't go well (to say the least), and only gets worse after Gru outsmarts them and suddenly finds himself the mortal enemy of the apex of evil. On the run, Gru will turn to an unlikely source for guidance, Wild Knuckles, and discover that even bad guys need a little help from their friends."
The trailer for Minions: The Rise of Gru came out in February 2020. As can be seen above, the 3-minute-long trailer teases Gru's hilarious interview to join the Vicious 6. "I am pretty despicable — you don't want to cross me," Gru says, which garners laughs from the villains. Gru then steals a stone from the Vicious 6, which sets in motion an epic adventure for he and his Minions pals.
Steve Carell -- Photos Of The Actor
'Minions: The Rise of Gru' Cast & Crew
Minions: The Rise of Gru (Photo: Everett)
Minions: The Rise of Gru will welcome back Steve Carell as the titular character. Pierre Coffin will also be back as the voice of The Minions, including Stuart, Bob, and Otto. The film features a thrilling lineup of new cast members, including Taraji P. Henson as Belle Bottom, leader of The Vicious 6. Jean-Claude Van Damme voices Jean Clawed, the giant lobster member of The Vicious 6, while Lucy Lawless is Nanchuck, the group's nun member. Rounding out The Vicious 6 is Svengeance, voiced by Dolph Lundgren; and Stronghold, voiced by Danny Trejo. Alan Arkin voices Wild Knuckles, the former leader of the Vicious 6. Additional new cast members include Michelle Yeoh as acupuncturist Master Chow, Russell Brand as aspiring mad scientist Dr. Nefario, and Julie Andrews as Gru's mother, Marlena. Rapper RZA will also be in the film, though details on his character have been kept under wraps.
Kyle Balda will direct Minions: The Rise of Gru. The film is being produced by Illumination and distributed by Universal Pictures. Brian Lynch and Matthew Fogel are the writers.
When and Where Can I Watch It?
Minions: The Rise of Gru will be released theatrically in the United States on July 1, 2022. It will also be available to stream on Peacock for the first four months after its theatrical release. Then, the film will move to Amazon Prime Video for 10 months, before returning to Peacock for four more months. The film was initially set to be out on July 3, 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it got pushed back two full years.
Will there be a 'Despicable Me 4'?
While fans are quite excited for the next Minions movie, they'd also like to see the next entry in the main Despicable Me franchise. Despicable Me 3 came out back in 2017, so a fourth film is fairly overdue. Luckily, Illumination CEO Chris Melandandri confirmed that year that Despicable Me 4 was in development. No updates have been given since, but it's likely that the COVID-19 pandemic has delayed work on the film. Until the next Despicable Me comes out, we thankfully have Minions: The Rise of Gru to hold us over!
despicable me	Evergreen	Minions	steve carell
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Justia Regulation Tracker Internal Revenue Service 2018
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Public Approval of Tax-Exempt Private Activity Bonds
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Agency: Internal Revenue Service, Department of Treasury, Department of the Treasury
This document contains final regulations on the public approval requirement applicable to tax-exempt private activity bonds issued by State and local governments. The final regulations update and replace existing regulations to address statutory changes, streamline the public approval process, and reduce administrative burdens. The final regulations affect State and local governments that issue tax-exempt private activity bonds.
Reissuance of State or Local Bonds
This document contains proposed regulations that address when tax-exempt bonds are treated as retired for purposes of section 103 and sections 141 through 150 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code). The proposed regulations are necessary to unify and to clarify existing guidance on this subject. The proposed regulations affect State and local governments that issue tax-exempt bonds.
Investing in Qualified Opportunity Funds; Correction
This document contains a correction to notice of proposed rulemaking and notice of public hearing (REG-115420-18) that was published in the Federal Register on Monday, October 29, 2018. The proposed regulations are providing guidance under new section 1400Z-2 of the Internal Revenue Code relating to gains that may be deferred as a result of a taxpayer's investment in a qualified opportunity fund.
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This document contains proposed regulations implementing sections 245A(e) and 267A of the Internal Revenue Code (``Code'') regarding hybrid dividends and certain amounts paid or accrued in hybrid transactions or with hybrid entities. Sections 245A(e) and 267A were added to the Code by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Public Law 115-97 (2017) (the ``Act''), which was enacted on December 22, 2017. This document also contains proposed regulations under sections 1503(d) and 7701 to prevent the same deduction from being claimed under the tax laws of both the United States and a foreign country. Further, this document contains proposed regulations under sections 6038, 6038A, and 6038C to facilitate administration of certain rules in the proposed regulations. The proposed regulations affect taxpayers that would otherwise claim a deduction related to such amounts and certain shareholders of foreign corporations that pay or receive hybrid dividends.
Limitation on Deduction for Business Interest Expense
This notice of proposed rulemaking provides rules regarding the limitation on the deduction for business interest expense after the enactment of recent tax legislation. Specifically, these regulations provide general rules and definitions. The regulations also provide rules for calculating the limitation in consolidated group, partnership, and international contexts. The regulations affect taxpayers that have deductible business interest expense, other than certain small businesses, electing real property trades or businesses, electing farming businesses, and certain utility businesses. This document also withdraws a notice of proposed rulemaking relating to the disallowance of a deduction for certain interest paid or accrued by a corporation. This document also provides notice of a public hearing on the proposed regulations.
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This document contains proposed regulations implementing section 864(c)(8) of the Internal Revenue Code. The proposed regulations affect certain foreign persons that recognize gain or loss from the sale or exchange of an interest in a partnership that is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. The proposed regulations also affect partnerships that, directly or indirectly, have foreign persons as partners.
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment; Comment Request for Schedule E (F 1040)
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning Schedule E (Form 1040), Supplemental Income and Loss.
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Tax Return Preparer Due Diligence Penalty Under Section 6695(g); Correction
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Guidance Related to the Foreign Tax Credit, Including Guidance Implementing Changes Made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
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Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 5304-SIMPLE, Form 5305-SIMPLE, and Notice 98-4
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning Form 5304-SIMPLE, Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees of Small Employers (SIMPLE)Not for Use With a Designated Financial Institution; Form 5305-SIMPLE, Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees of Small Employers (SIMPLE)for Use With a Designated Financial Institution; Notice 98-4, Simple IRA Plan Guidance
Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 13013, 13013-D and, 14388
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning Form 13013, Taxpayer Advocacy Panel (TAP) Membership Application, and Form 13013-D, Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Tax Check Waiver and Form 14388 Taxpayer Advocate Panel (TAP) Outreach.
Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Form 13285-A
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning Form 13285-A, Reducing Tax Burden on America's Taxpayers.
Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Notice 2007-52
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning Notice 2007-52, Qualifying Advanced Coal Project Program.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning an existing notice of proposed rulemaking and temporary regulations, FI-255-82 (TD 7852), Registration Requirements With Respect to Debt Obligations (Sec. 5f.103-1(c)).
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment; Comment Request for Disclosure of Returns and Return Information to Designee of Taxpayer
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning the disclosure of returns and return information to a designee of a taxpayer.
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment; Comment Request for Tests for Determining Whether an Obligation is Principally Secured
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning modifications of commercial mortgage loans held by a real estate mortgage investment conduit.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning the disclosure of reportable transactions.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning qualified plug-in electric vehicle credit.
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning TD 9575, regulations regarding disclosure of the summary of benefits and coverage and the uniform glossary for group health plans and health insurance coverage in the group and individual markets under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Proposed Collection; Comment Request for Notice 97-34
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS), as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning Information Reporting on Transactions With Foreign Trusts and on Large Foreign Gifts.
Estate and Gift Taxes; Difference in the Basic Exclusion Amount
This document contains proposed regulations addressing the effect of recent legislative changes to the basic exclusion amount used in computing Federal gift and estate taxes. The proposed regulations will affect donors of gifts made after 2017 and the estates of decedents dying after 2017.
Publication of the Tier 2 Tax Rates
Publication of the tier 2 tax rates for calendar year 2019 as required by section 3241(d) of the Internal Revenue Code. Tier 2 taxes on railroad employees, employers, and employee representatives are one source of funding for benefits under the Railroad Retirement Act.
User Fees Relating to Enrolled Agents and Enrolled Retirement Plan Agents
This document contains proposed amendments to the regulations relating to imposing user fees for enrolled agents and enrolled retirement plan agents. The proposed regulations remove the initial enrollment user fee for enrolled retirement plan agents because the IRS no longer offers initial enrollment as an enrolled retirement plan agent. The proposed regulations also increase the amount of the renewal user fee for enrolled retirement plan agents from $30 to $67. In addition, the proposed regulations increase the amount of both the enrollment and renewal user fee for enrolled agents from $30 to $67. The proposed regulations affect individuals who are or apply to become enrolled agents and individuals who are enrolled retirement plan agents. The Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 authorizes charging user fees.
Quarterly Publication of Individuals, Who Have Chosen To Expatriate, as Required by Section 6039G
This notice is provided in accordance with IRC section 6039G of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) of 1996, as amended. This listing contains the name of each individual losing United States citizenship (within the meaning of section 877(a) or 877A) with respect to whom the Secretary received information during the quarter ending September 30, 2018. For purposes of this listing, long-term residents, as defined in section 877(e)(2), are treated as if they were citizens of the United States who lost citizenship.
Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Notices and Correspondence Project Committee
An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Notices and Correspondence Project Committee will be conducted. The Taxpayer Advocacy Panel is soliciting public comments, ideas, and suggestions on improving customer service at the Internal Revenue Service.
Moral Exemptions and Accommodations for Coverage of Certain Preventive Services Under the Affordable Care Act
Agency: Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department of Labor, Department of Health and Human Services, Internal Revenue Service, Department of Treasury, Department of the Treasury
These rules finalize, with changes based on public comments, the interim final rules issued in the Federal Register on October 13, 2017 concerning moral exemptions and accommodations regarding coverage of certain preventive services. These rules finalize expanded exemptions to protect moral beliefs for certain entities and individuals whose health plans are subject to a mandate of contraceptive coverage through guidance issued pursuant to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. These rules do not alter the discretion of the Health Resources and Services Administration, a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, to maintain the guidelines requiring contraceptive coverage where no regulatorily recognized objection exists. These rules also leave in place an optional ``accommodation'' process for certain exempt entities that wish to use it voluntarily. These rules do not alter multiple other federal programs that provide free or subsidized contraceptives for women at risk of unintended pregnancy.
Religious Exemptions and Accommodations for Coverage of Certain Preventive Services Under the Affordable Care Act
These rules finalize, with changes based on public comments, interim final rules concerning religious exemptions and accommodations regarding coverage of certain preventive services issued in the Federal Register on October 13, 2017. These rules expand exemptions to protect religious beliefs for certain entities and individuals whose health plans are subject to a mandate of contraceptive coverage through guidance issued pursuant to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. These rules do not alter the discretion of the Health Resources and Services Administration, a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, to maintain the guidelines requiring contraceptive coverage where no regulatorily recognized objection exists. These rules also leave in place an ``accommodation'' process as an optional process for certain exempt entities that wish to use it voluntarily. These rules do not alter multiple other federal programs that provide free or subsidized contraceptives for women at risk of unintended pregnancy.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning Notice 2018-81, Notice Regarding Certain Church Plan Clarifications under Section 336 of the PATH Act.
Hardship Distributions of Elective Contributions, Qualified Matching Contributions, Qualified Nonelective Contributions, and Earnings
This document contains proposed amendments to the regulations relating to hardship distributions from section 401(k) plans. The amendments reflect statutory changes affecting section 401(k) plans, including recent changes made by the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018. These regulations would affect participants in, beneficiaries of, employers maintaining, and administrators of plans that contain cash or deferred arrangements or provide for employee or matching contributions.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning Form 5213, Election to Postpone Determination as To Whether the Presumption Applies That an Activity Is Engaged in for Profit.
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment; Excise Tax; Tractors, Trailers, Trucks, and Tires; Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning floor stocks credits or refunds and consumer credits or refunds with respect to certain tax-repealed articles; excise tax on heavy trucks, and excise tax on heavy trucks, truck trailers, semitrailers, and tractors; reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning required distributions from retirement plans.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning procedure for waiver of right to consistent agreement of partnership items and partnership-level determinations as to penalties, additions to tax, and additional amounts.
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning procedure for filing forms W-2 in certain acquisitions.
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS), as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. The IRS is soliciting comments concerning Recapture of Investment Credit.
Proposed Extension of Information Collection Request Submitted for Public Comment; Relief for Service in Combat Zone and for Presidentially Declared Disaster
The Internal Revenue Service, as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork and respondent burden, invites the public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on proposed and/or continuing information collections, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. Currently, the IRS is soliciting comments concerning guidance related to the postponement of certain acts by reason of service in a combat zone or relating to postponement of certain tax-related deadlines by reason of a Presidentially declared disaster.
Internal Revenue Service Advisory Council; Renewal of Charter
The Charter for the Internal Revenue Service Advisory Council (IRSAC), has been renewed for two years beginning October 17, 2018, in accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), 5 U.S.C., App. 2.
Tax Return Preparer Due Diligence Penalty Under Section 6695(g)
This document contains final regulations relating to the tax return preparer penalty. The final regulations are necessary to implement recent law changes that expand the scope of the tax return preparer due diligence penalty so that it applies to the child tax credit (CTC)/additional child tax credit (ACTC), and the American opportunity tax credit (AOTC) as well as to eligibility to file a return or claim for refund as head of household. The regulations affect tax return preparers.
Modification of Discounting Rules for Insurance Companies
This document contains proposed regulations providing guidance on new discounting rules for unpaid losses and estimated salvage recoverable of insurance companies for Federal income tax purposes. The proposed regulations implement recent legislative changes to the Internal Revenue Code (Code) and make other technical improvements to the derivation and use of discount factors. The proposed regulations affect entities taxable as insurance companies. This document invites comments and provides notice of a public hearing on these proposed regulations.
Regulations To Prescribe Return and Time for Filing for Payment of Section 4960, 4966, 4967, and 4968 Taxes and To Update the Abatement Rules for Section 4966 and 4967 Taxes
This document contains proposed regulations specifying which return to use to pay certain excise taxes and the time for filing the return. The regulations also implement the statutory addition of two excise taxes to the first-tier taxes subject to abatement. These regulations affect applicable tax-exempt organizations and their related organizations, applicable educational institutions, sponsoring organizations that maintain certain donor advised funds, fund managers of such sponsoring organizations, and certain donors, donor advisors and persons related to a donor or donor advisor of a donor advised fund.
Amount Determined Under Section 956 for Corporate United States Shareholders
This document contains proposed regulations that reduce the amount determined under section 956 of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to certain domestic corporations. The proposed regulations affect certain domestic corporations that own (or are treated as owning) stock in foreign corporations.


This week a powerful storm passed through the northeastern US, bringing with it high winds, heavy rains, and a dramatic roar of seismic energy in the Earth's crust that lasted for days.
If you listen closely at 03:27 you'll hear a faint tsssk briefly peeking through the din, like the sound of a pinch of sand tossed against a piece of paper. This was a magnitude 2.7 earthquake in coastal Connecticut. Earthquakes here are infrequent, but not unusual.
What is remarkable, however, is how the human ear can pull out the sound of this one small earthquake from the roar of the background noise. You may not hear that earthquake at first; it may at first all sound like noise to you. But if you listen to this section a few times, you can train your ear and brain to distinguish between the various kinds of "noise". Gradually, structure appears in the great wash of sound, the unfamiliar grows familiar, and order emerges from the chaos. Suddenly the Connecticut earthquake will pop out at you, and you'll wonder how you could have missed it in the first place.
A powerful low pressure system arrives in New England, bringing strong winds and heavy rains to the area. The storm peaks at about 03:30 (the morning of Thursday, August 14), but the crustal vibrations stirred up by the offshore ocean swell continue for another day or two.


text:
Q: Problem implementing the  graph_coloring - m coloring problem I have to write C++ program, which will determine how many colors I should use to color undirected graph.
Also, I have to do this using algorithm from book "Foundations of Algorithms using C++ pseudocode".
Problem description: Determine all ways in which the vertices in an undirected graph can be colored, using only m colors, so that adjacent vertices are not the same color.
Input: positive integers n and m, and an undirected graph containing n vertices. The graph is represented by a two-dimensional array W, which has both its rows and columns indexed from 1 to n, where W [i] [j] is true if there is an edge between ith vertex and the jth vertex and false otherwise.
Output: all possible colorings of the graph, using at most m colors, so that no two adjacent vertices are the same color. The output for each coloring is an array vcolor indexed from 1 to n, where vcolor [i] is the color (an integer between 1 and m) assigned to the ith vertex.
There we have algorithm:
void m_coloring (index i)
{
    int color;
    if (promising (i))
        if (i == n)
            cout << vcolor [1] through vcolor [n];
        else
            for (color = 1; color <= m; color++){ // Try every
                vcolor [i + 1] = color;           // color for
                m_coloring (i + 1);               // next vertex.
            }
}

bool promising (index i)
{
    index j;
    bool switch;

    switch = true;
    j = 1;
    while (j && switch){                       // Check if an
        if (W[i][j] && vcolor[i] == vcolor[j]) // adjacent vertex
            switch = false;                    // is already
        j++;                                   // this color.
    }
    return switch;
}

And comment at the end: Following our usual convention, n, m, W, and vcolor are not inputs to either routine. In an implementation of the algorithm, the routines would be defined locally in a simple procedure that had n, m, and W as inputs, and vcolor defined locally. The top level call to m_coloring would be m_coloring( 0 )
I start to write my own implementation. First I want to say, that I'm not good C++ programmer, what is more, I usually use JS and PHP, weakly typed languages, so I'm sure there is a lot things I could do better. But it isn't main problem.
Problem is: the program above start to work, I write simple graph:

4 vertexes, 4 edges
1 2
  1 3
  2 3
  3 4

Next, program start to use checkFor() (I planned to use it at for() for the every next number of colors, but for test purposes, I use it at static way, so I used 4.
Unfortunately, program launch m_coloring(), next launch promising() and... this is the end. I spend last three hours to find out, what I do wrong, maybe any more experienced programmer is able to explain me what I should do and / or what I do wrong...
Pleas help, thank you a lot.
My program code:
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

bool **W;
int n, m = 0;
int v, e = 0;
int x, y = 0;
int *vcolor;

bool promising (int i)
{
    int j = 1;
    bool switcher = true;

    while (j && switcher)
    {
        if ( W[i][j] && vcolor[i] == vcolor[j] )
        {
            switcher = false;
        }

        j++;
    }

    return switcher;
}

void m_coloring (int i)
{
    int color;
    if ( promising (i) )
    {
        if (i == n)
        {
            cout << vcolor [1] << " through " << vcolor [n];
        }
        else
        {
            for (color = 1; color <= m; color++)
            {
                vcolor [i + 1] = color;
                m_coloring(i + 1);
            }
        }
    }
}

void initArrays()
{
    for( int i = 0; i < n; i++ )
    {
        W[ i ] = new bool[ n ];
        vcolor[ i ] = 0;
    }
}

void fillW()
{
    for( int i = 0; i < n; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < n; j++ )
        {
            if( !W[i][j] )
            {
                W[i][j] = false;
            }
        }
    }
}

void askForEdges()
{
    cout << "How many edges? ";
    cin >> e;
    cout << endl << "Write edges with pattern: [vertex_x][space][vertex_y]:" << endl;

    for( int i = 0; i < e; i++ )
    {
        cin >> x >> y;

        W[x][y] = true;
        W[y][x] = true;
    }
}

void specialMatrixPrint()
{
    cout << endl;
    int i, j;
    for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
    {
        for( int j = 0; j < n; j++ )
        {
            cout << W[i][j] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

void showEdgesMatrix()
{
    int i, j = 0;

    cout << endl << "    "; for( i = 1; i < n; i++ ) { cout << i << " "; } cout << endl;
    cout << endl << "    "; for( i = 1; i < n; i++ ) { cout << "# "; } cout << endl;

    for( i = 1; i < n; i++ )
    {
        cout << i << " # ";
        for( int j = 1; j < n; j++ )
        {
            if( W[i][j] == true ) { cout << "1 "; }
            else { cout << "0 "; }
        }

        cout << endl;
    }
}

void showVcolor()
{
    cout << endl;
    for( int i = 1; i < n; i++ )
    {
        cout << i << ": " << vcolor[ i ] << endl;
    }
}

void checkFor( int i )
{
    m = i;
    m_coloring( 0 );
}

int main()
{
    cout << "How many vertexes? " ;
    cin >> n;

    n += 1;

    W = new bool *[ n ];
    vcolor = new int[ n ];

    initArrays();
    askForEdges();
    showEdgesMatrix();

    checkFor( 4 );
    showVcolor();

    cin >> y;

    return 0;
}

A: You've got a whole bunch of problems, mostly in promising.  Main thing to remember is that you want to compare only nodes which have had their color set, and not compare any node to itself.  Also you can use the fact that the array was promising one recursion shallower and use inductive reasoning to avoid comparing all pairs.
Spoiler:

 http://ideone.com/Lk0mg

A: There is a bug in the algorithm. In the function promising there is a nice array boundary overrun. They probably meant something like j < n or j <= n in the condition of the while statement. As written, the condition makes no sense.

A: the first time that the function m_coloring is called with i=1, vcolor[i+1] = color which is vcolor[2]=color and vcolor[1] is missed.. so the next time that it gets check by promising switch will return the value true always..

A: The algorithm is wrong....
Look at algorithm:
 void m_coloring (index i)
{
    int color;
    if (promising (i))
        if (i == n)
            cout << vcolor [1] through vcolor [n];
        else
            for (color = 1; color <= m; color++){ // Try every
                vcolor [i + 1] = color;           // color for
                m_coloring (i + 1);               // next vertex.
            }
/* HERE..................................*/
}

We should have another else statement at the bottom of algorithm to go for prodius another color for w[i] But it goes to the next level!!!!!!!!!.I think this is the problem

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: C# .NET DataGridView enable cell click only to certain columns I have little experience in C#.NET, and below is what I got so far:
I created a DataGridView which bound to an ObjectDataSource(a generic list, that is).
Although I can make good use of the DataGridView's CellClick event and its corresponding delegate interface(DataGridViewCellEventHandler) to do my business logic well, I am still
not happy with the overall logic.
Basically the drawback of the above approach is that for some certain columns, there's no need to have a CellClick event bound to it. They are simply displaying info, not try to listen
to some CellClick events.
I've tried to achieve it for quite some time. I tried to disable such columns from being able to be clicked but got no luck...
Is there a good way go around this issue?
I really don't want to check what's the actual columnIndex in my delegate handler functions and then act accordingly. Basically, if the CellClick wouldn't be triggered in the first place, then that would be an excellent solution.
Many thanks in advance!

A: @Ian, not entirely true.....If you really don't want to do the filtering, which I don't think is that big a deal to be honest. You can always create your own custom DataGridView and override the OnCellClick event. To make it even simpler you can set the columns you don't want to raise the event for at design time to be ReadOnly and check for that condition before raising the event.
Example:
public class MyDataGridView : DataGridView
{
     public MyDataGridView()
     {
     }

     protected override void OnCellClick(DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)
     {
          if (!Columns[e.ColumnIndex].ReadOnly)
          {
               base.OnCellClick(e);
          }
     }
}

A:
I really don't want to check what's the actual columnIndex in my delegate handler functions and then act accordingly.

Unfortunately you don't have a choice, as the DataGridView does not expose events on its DataGridViewColumn objects. Why is this behavior problematic for you?


Kumbabishekam poojai at Saidapet Arulmigu Karaneeswarar temple commenced today. Kumbabishekam at Saidapet Arulmigu Karaneeswarar temple will take place on 7th June.
Legendary playback singer P Balasubramaniam is going to give a big treat to his fans and music lovers on 24th May 2015 at Kamarajar Arangam AC in Teyanampet. Chennai.
A music concert called Innisai Vaarpugal 2015 is being organized on 22nd May.
Indias First Neon Night Run in Chennai, Madurai and Coimbatore. In Chennai, Neon run is going to held on 3oth May, Coimbatore on 5th June and Madurai on 6th June 2015.
Chennai School of Photography offers unique selfie training course - ART OF SELFIE' in Chennai.
Chennai Puthaga Sangamam's book exhibition will be held at the YMCA Royapettah from April 13 to 23.


text:
Spirit®
THE UCH DIFFERENCE
You are here: United Church Homes > News and Events > Corporate News > Reflections on Love at the End of Life
Reflections on Love at the End of Life
This blog is the third in a series of reflections from the third annual Symposium with Dr. Ira Byock on Oct. 12, 2018, Abundant Aging Through the End of Life. It was written by Ruth Frost Parker Center for Abundant Aging intern Emily Howard. To subscribe to the weekly blog, visit abundantaging.org.
Julia's husband had been a Presbyterian minister, who she met at seminary. When I met Julia, I was an undergraduate, and she was in her 90s, aging with faith and clarity about her life's rootedness in community, history and hope.
She spoke often of her relationship with Rev. Wilson, her late husband. I will never forget the memory she treasured, of the "kind providence" that Rev. Wilson felt had brought them together. Their love was evidently a big one — love of the kind that shapes surrounding lives into better ones, just by being near it.
A love like that also shapes others in its last stage. Though I am sure the Wilsons' relationship was imperfect (which, as Symposium speaker
Dr. Ira Byock noted, all relationships are) — there was much about Julia's recollections of their marriage that shaped my values as a young person. As Julia shared her story, I saw ways that, even in approaching death, their love created abundant life.
Julia reflected deeply on the time of approaching the loss of her beloved, able to share what had helped her cope. She taught me a favorite prayer — the prayer of St. Francis — and often quoted the Scripture text that sustained her: from Philippians 4:6-7, St. Paul's wise advice, "Do not worry about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus."
I was struck by their family's facing of death with courage — which, to be sure, is not the absence of fear, but the facing of it. Her husband, in her recollection, was able to say goodbye in his last conscious days to the family that mattered deeply to him. To his daughter, he could say, "I'm proud of you." To his wife, he could say, "I love you."
Ira Byock's description of his work in hospice care includes reflections on, "The Four Things that Matter Most." His experience has shown that simply to be able to connect around the simple words that we all need to say and to hear can influence our endings in incredible ways — including those words that Rev. Wilson, Julia and their daughter exchanged, "I love you." At the end of life, we need the words, "I love you," "I forgive you," "I'm proud of you," and "Thank you." Many Symposium participants were quick to note how much those words mean today, throughout a lifetime, not only at its close.
Corporate News, Spirit Magazine » Winter 2019
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We offer four very busy tennis courts, a massive Junior Olympic sized pool and a small park with equipment for your children to play on.
Piedmont Bend courts are located at 1831 Chondra Drive, Marietta, GA 30062.
Take Allgood Rd to Smithwood Drive, the first right off Allgood.
Take Smithwood to Wynn, turn right onto Wynn.
Take Wynn to Chondra, turn right onto Chondra.
Courts are on the right ¼ mile down.


FIAT Related Gift Ideas from 500 MADNESS!
Thread: FIAT Related Gift Ideas from 500 MADNESS!
Check out 500MADNESS.com for the largest selection of FIAT 500 Parts and Accessories in stock at the lowest prices.
We service, customize and modify! Give us a call at 562-981-6800.


text:
Man Grows New Fingertip On His Stomach (Warning: Gross)
A Blu-ray Disc Player on Your Car's GPS Is Probably Not a Good Idea
The Cars We're Excited to Finally See in 2019
Hey Rich People, I'm Going to Tell You How to Spend Your Money: Buy a New/Old Alvis
Jason Torchinsky
Roberto Baldwin
Filed to:Surgery
When you lose the tip of your finger in an accident, you figure you'll go through the rest of your life being called Stumpy.
But if you've got a stomach (and I think most of us do) and an enterprising doctor, you can grow that tip right back on your midsection. Which is brilliant and, as you'll see below, also totally disgusting.
Orange News reports that after sawing off the tip of his finger, 20-year old furniture worker Wang Yongjun was rushed to a hospital in the Liaong province of China. There, doctors discovered that the muscle and tissue had been sheared away from his digit and only bone was left. Dr Huang Xuesong explains what happened next:
"We had to make a quick decision or he could have lost his finger. We decided to cultivate a new fingertip on his stomach."
By attaching Wang's finger to his stomach, the doctors hoped that new skin and muscle would grow around it. The procedure is also a way to restore blood circulation to the injured area, since blood flow is crucial to the body repairing itself.
The operation was a success, according to Dr. Xuesong, and Wang should have a brand new fingertip within a month (as long as he doesn't jerk his arm suddenly?). Oh, and his hand won't be attached to his stomach anymore, which is good because it kinda looks like a tiny stomach penis. There, I said it. [Orange News via Nothing To Do With Arbroath]
You can keep up with Roberto Baldwin, on Twitter, Facebook, and Google+.


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Don't Let SaaS Make You Look Like an Ass
Deciphering Enterprise Apps
By Thomas Wailgum, CIO	 Feb 19, 2009 4:46 pm PST
New research from Gartner attempts to throw some cold water on the hot software-as-a-service (SaaS) market.
In "Gartner Fact Checks the Five Most-Common SaaS Assumptions," VP and distinguished analyst Robert DeSisto writes about the assumptions the IT industry has made about SaaS applications. His concern is that companies are deploying SaaS solutions based on false assumptions, and that they'll be seriously disappointed as a result.
If you're a regular reader of this blog (and you know who you are, all two of you), you know that I've been quite bullish on SaaS applications—whether it's the robust SaaS CRM market, or the emerging ERP, supply chain and BI on-demand applications.
The number-one reason that I'm excitedly watching the growth of the SaaS market is because it offers companies more choice and greater flexibility in satisfying business users' needs. I'm well aware that SaaS and on-demand apps aren't perfect. But they are improving.
Perhaps I've made some assumptions myself about the SaaS market. And as my father has always said: Never assume anything, because you can make an "ass" out of "u" and "me." So let's examine what Gartner's DeSisto has to say.
Assumption 1: SaaS is less expensive than on-premise software.
DeSisto's Fact Check: DeSisto says that SaaS is only less expensive than on-premise software during its first two years in operation. "SaaS applications will have lower total cost of ownership (TCO) for the first two years because SaaS applications do not require large capital investment for licenses or support infrastructure," he writes.
But after three years, he continues, an on-premise deployment can actually be less expensive from an accounting perspective, because companies can write down hardware depreciation costs associated with the deployment on their balance sheets.
Enterprise Software Unplugged Take: I wonder just how much companies care about this five-year TCO question right now, due to the recession. The "bunker mentality" might be so pervasive and powerful in companies today that they're willing to take the two-year TCO savings and worry about the five-year TCO if they still have a job at that point.
Assumption 2: SaaS is faster to implement than on-premise software.
DeSisto's Fact Check: Simple SaaS implementations will be faster, says DeSisto, but SaaS deployments are becoming increasingly complex as companies require greater customization of their SaaS apps and greater integration with existing systems. That complexity slows down deployment time.
"Vendors often quote time frames of 30 days to implement but neglect to say that SaaS deployments can take seven months or longer," writes DeSisto. Consequently, he adds, as the complexity of SaaS deployments increases, SaaS's time-to-benefit advantages over on-premise software decreases.
Enterprise Software Unplugged Take: Faster implementation times have been one of SaaS's top selling points (if not the top). DeSisto's second point is noteworthy, but with ERP and CRM on-premise installs still being measured by 12- to 18-month standards (and massive blow-ups still happening), I don't see a seven-month long SaaS deployment being too problematic (unless, of course, the customer was expecting to have the SaaS application up and running in 30 days).
Assumption 3: SaaS is priced like a utility.
DeSisto's Fact Check: Many SaaS providers say customers are only charged on a pay-per-use basis—similar to electric companies—but for most SaaS deployments, the pay-as-you-go model isn't the case, says DeSisto.
"In the vast majority of cases, a company must commit to a predetermined contract independent of actual use," writes DeSisto. "In some cases, the application lends itself to metered use—for example, an e-commerce application may have pricing based on order transaction processes—but for the most part, utility examples are in the minority."
Enterprise Software Unplugged Take: DeSisto makes a great point here, and it is one that companies need to check out before signing any SaaS contract.
Assumption 4: SaaS does not integrate with on-premise application and/or data sources.
DeSisto's Fact Check: This is false. DeSisto says there are two primary ways to integrate SaaS offerings with on-premise applications and/or data sources. "The first method is batch synchronization, which initially involves loading the SaaS application with data. Once this initial data load has been made, data can be incrementally synchronized on a scheduled basis," he writes.
"The second method is real-time integration using Web services. Another way to combine the two methods is by having a Web service trigger that is based on an event occurring in the SaaS service," DeSisto adds. "Yet another method is emerging that involves integrating SaaS applications at the user-interface level through mashups."
Enterprise Software Unplugged Take: If business users and CIOs are assuming that this is the case in 2009, then they need to talk to a SaaS vendor ASAP. Integration technologies have a come a long way.
Assumption 5: SaaS is only for simple, basic requirements.
DeSisto's Fact Check: In general this assumption is false, but there are still limits to what companies can do with SaaS, says DeSisto.
"There are industry examples in which complete custom applications have been built using SaaS APaas (application platform as a service)," he notes. "However, some gaps remain for complex, end-to-end processes that require complex workflow or business process management capabilities."
Enterprise Software Unplugged Take: As DeSisto correctly notes, SaaS vendors have been dogged by a reputation that their products were simply for limited CRM applications. And that has definitely changed.


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Family, Food, Fun, Pets, Books, Life!
1960s music
soul singers
Sam Cooke: Heart of Soul
Sam Cooke:
Heart of Soul
The world didn't know what "soul" was until Sam Cooke began "telling it like it is" in every song. He was the quintessential performer, appealing to all audiences. He was the heart of soul in 1957, composing and singing "You Send Me." With that one song and his golden voice, and his rendition of the classic "Summertime," on the reverse side of the record, he brought soul to the masses. But singing wasn't his only talent, he was also a composer and entrepreneur. He formed his own company and record label long before musical artists did such things. He could have written the "How To…" books on starting a successful business, beginning your own record label and successfully applying and promoting all of it. Sam Cooke would have been a dynamic force in the music industry today had he not died at an early age. He is recognized in modern music as a major contributor to soul music, an influence on numerous singers, including Otis Redding, Art Garfunkel and Rod Stewart . He knew music from Gershwin to rock, and knew how to sell himself and his song like no one else of his time could. He didn't have to work at it, it came naturally.
He Started Young
Born on January 22, 1931 in Clarksdale, Mississippi, one of eight children of Baptist minister Reverend Charles Cook and wife Annie Mae, Sam began his musical career at the age of 9 in a group called The Singing Children. When he was 14 he was lead singer for the Highway QC's, where he met lifelong friend Lou Rawls. In 1950, he signed with gospel group The Soul Stirrers as lead singer. His gospel music has quite an effect on me and I'm someone who isn't into gospel, with the exception of a few songs. All of Sam Cooke's gospel music is great, but I have a favorite on this album. If you want to feel real emotion, and chills running through your body, take a listen to "The Hem of His Garment."
Sam Cooke with the Soul Stirrers
Sam Cooke's first pop/soul recording was "Lovable" in 1956 released under the alias Dale Cook so as not to offend his gospel followers. There was a stigma at that time for a gospel singer to become associated with popular music. But Cooke's voice was so identifiable that no one was fooled by this ruse. The head of Specialty Records, where Cooke had recorded his gospel music gave his okay for him to record what they called "secular" music, but was disappointed when he heard him singing music from composers George and Ira Gershwin. After a disagreement between them, Cooke left the label.
Sam Cooke – Greatest Hits
In 1957 he appeared on a TV show and subsequently signed with Keen Records, where his first release "You Send Me" landed on the Number One spot on Billboard's R&B chart and spent 6 weeks there, along with 3 weeks as Number One on Billboard's pop chart. His crossover appeal was tremendous. Handsome and dynamic, he had a magnetic appeal, especially for the ladies in the audience. "You Send Me" is on the album shown above; Sam Cooke's Greatest Hits.
He reached for the stars in every way; beginning his own record label SAR Records with J.W. Alexander and his manager Roy Crain. He signed several singers to his label including Bobby Womack and Johnnie Taylor. Showing his talent for business he established a publishing imprint and management firm. After that he left Keen for RCA and his first recording there struck gold with "Chain Gang" followed by "Cupid" "Bring It On Home To Me," (Lou Rawls singing background!) and "Another Saturday Night," and "Twistin' the Night Away." All of those are also on the album above. Since single recordings were the big sellers of the day he focused on those, and had 29 top 40 hits on the Pop charts and even more on the charts for R&B.
Have a listen to "Chain Gang," one of my favorite Sam Cooke songs.
The Story Behind "A Change Is Gonna Come"
Cooke wrote most of his own songs and took part in the actual song arrangements. In 1963 he released an album with a distinct slant of the blues known as "Night Beat," and in 1964 he released his critically acclaimed album "Aint' That Good News." On that album he recorded "A Change Is Gonna Come," a song he wrote after being turned away at a whites only motel in Shreveport, Louisiana. He had called ahead and made the reservations, but when he and his wife and his group arrived to claim them, the desk clerk nervously looked at them and said there were no rooms available. Cooke and the group knew it was because of the color of their skin. They protested loudly to no avail and left, squealing tires and blaring horns. When they reached the motel where blacks were accepted, the police were waiting for them and arrested them for disturbing the peace. The New York Times ran an Associated Press report on the incident and the arrest. Cooke was incensed, writing this song about the struggle African Americans go through. It has been "covered" by so many artists I can't name them all here, but it includes these and many more: Aretha Franklin, Eminem, Anita Baker, Kid Rock, Seal, Beyonce, Three Dog Night, Patti LaBelle, Tina Turner, The Righteous Brothers, Otis Redding. I could write this list from noon today until tomorrow and still not finish the names of those who have performed this song. It became the Number One anthem for the Civil Rights movement and is still perceived as such.
Sam Cooke performed "A Change Is Gonna Come" on The Johnny Carson show on February 7, 1964. He felt the song was ominous in nature, as did his protege Bobby Womack, who said "it sounds like death," though later he changed it to "it sounds spooky." Cooke responded, "Man, that's how it sounds to me. That's why I'm never going to sing it in public."
Sam Cooke Honors and Awards:
1986 – Inducted as a charter member of the "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame."
1987 – Inducted into the "Songwriters Hall of Fame."
1999 – Honored with "Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award."
1999 – Rhythm and Blues Foundation Pioneer Award
2008 – Named the fourth "Greatest Singer of All Time" by Rolling Stone Magazine.
2011 – Chicago Illinois renamed a portion of East 36th Street near Cottage Grove Avenue as "Sam Cooke Way" in remembrance of the singer near a corner where he hung out and sang as a teenager.
Sam Cooke was 33 years old when he died. If he had lived he had the potential for becoming a true force in the music industry. His business sense and his singing talent could have propelled him to the top. There's no limit to what he could have done and been. But it was taken from him. He is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery, in the Garden of Honor, Glendale, California. You can read more about his mysterious death at Sam Cooke's Mysterious Death.
For more indepth reading on Sam Cooke's life and times you might like these books.
You Send Me: The Life and Times of Sam Cooke
One More River to Cross: The Redemption of Sam Cooke THIRD EDITION
More "not to be missed selections" from Sam Cooke.
The Temptations: Soul, Flash and Style
Kenny Rogers: All The Right Reasons
Bessie Smith ~ Empress of the Blues
Things You Might Not Know About Frank Sinatra
Bitter Tears by Johnny Cash
1960s music, Legends, Life, Music, music history, soul singers 1960s music, A Change Is Gonna Come, Chain Gang, Civil Rights anthem, entrepreneur, Sam Cooke, soul, soul singer, You Send Me
Extraterrestrial Abduction Day – March 20th


Backyard beekeeping of honeybees is a great way to increase the number of pollinators in your garden, learn about how pollination works and, of course, the hives provide you with your own source of local honey. One thing that is not commonly discussed is that honeybees are not native to North America. While honeybees are very beneficial, there are also many species of native bees that could use help too. Today we are going to talk a bit about native bees and why its important to create habitat for native pollinators, especially if you're a backyard honeybee keeper.


When wearing a strong and colorful print, keep the rest of your look clean and simple and let the pattern's details make the statement.
Looking to inject some worldly style into your wardrobe? Why not expand your sartorial horizons than with the plethora of prints—some bigger and bolder than others—that have made their way onto the menswear scene. From traditional ikat and dobby stripes to Japanese indigo and Native American blanket patterns, there's a lot to choose from so we've weeded out the worst to bring you some of the best.


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Premier League wrap; scores and table standings – Dec. 26
By JEFF-BRODRICKS December 26, 2014 Premier League Table, Soccer News 0 Comments
LONDON, England (Sporting Alert) — Leaders Chelsea have retained their three-point advantage at the top of the English Premier League table with a win against West Ham, while Manchester City and Manchester United both secured Boxing Day victories.
Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho after the win.
Goals from John Terry and Diego Costa on either side of 45-minutes, guided Jose Mourinho's squad to a comfortable 2-0 victory over the Hammers at Stamford Bridge on a day that all the teams were in action.
Captain Terry, who also netted the opener against Stoke City, was scoring his second goal in two games and Mourinho was delighted for the veteran defender.
"He always had that (goalscoring ability)," Mourinho said. "He's full of confidence. I see my John of 2004, 05, 06. I see him. I don't see any difference.
"In him there is no difference. He's playing so good."
The victory saw Chelsea moving to 45 points in the EPL standings, with Man City right behind them on 42 points.
Manchester City, playing again without a recognized striker, dominated the opening 45 minutes on their way to scoring three goals during that period in the 3-1 win over West Brom at The Hawthorns.
Fernando, Yaya Toure (pen) and David Silva all found the back of the net in the first half for the defending champions, with Brown Ideye scoring the lone goal for West Brom in the 87th min.
"I am very satisfied, we have three points more," Man City boss Manuel Pellegrini told reporters after the game.
"It was a difficult game, especially on Boxing Day. It is always difficult to play against a difficult team at home. They defended very well.
"We scored three goals again when set up without strikers. The way we are playing, we are doing very well so far."
At Old Trafford, Manchester United easily turned back Newcastle United 3-1, as captain Wayne Rooney earned the Man of the Match award for his performance.
The English and United forward — playing in a midfield role again — scored twice and setup Robin van Persie for the third.
Manchester United stayed third in the points standings with 35 points and manager Louis van Gaal was "pleased" with his team's performance.
"I was very pleased because we dominated for 90 minutes," the Dutchman said.
"In the second half we are only thinking already of the game against Tottenham (on Sunday) because there were unnecessary losses of the ball. But overall I'm very pleased with the performance.
"We make progress in every game but we are also doing bad things in every game and we have to improve that.
"But I'm satisfied because we are dominating a lot of games, most of the games we have played this season we have dominated. We're not always winning but that is coming."
Southampton moved above West Ham with a 3-1 win over Crystal Palace at Selhurst Park, while Arsenal stayed sixth with 2-1 win over Queens Parker Rangers, despite going down to 10-man after forward Olivier Giroud was sent off.
Tottenham, Swansea City and Liverpool all won their respective fixtures on Friday to complete the top half of the standings.
In the battle for relegation, Crystal Palace and Burnley have joined Leicester City in the red zone.
Premier League Scores and Results
Chelsea 2 West Ham United 0
West Bromwich Albion 1 Manchester City 3
Manchester United 3 Newcastle United 1
Crystal Palace 1 Southampton 3
Arsenal 2 Queens Park Rangers 1
Leicester City 1 Tottenham Hotspur 2
Swansea City 1 Aston Villa 0
Burnley 0 Liverpool 1
Everton 0 Stoke City 1
Sunderland 1 Hull City 3
EPL Table Standings
Standings P W D L F A Pts
1 Chelsea 18 14 3 1 40 13 45
2 Manchester City 18 13 3 2 39 15 42
3 Manchester United 18 10 5 3 33 19 35
4 Southampton 18 10 2 6 31 14 32
5 West Ham United 18 9 4 5 29 21 31
6 Arsenal 18 8 6 4 32 22 30
7 Tottenham Hotspur 18 9 3 6 24 24 30
8 Swansea City 18 8 4 6 23 19 28
9 Liverpool 18 7 4 7 22 24 25
10 Newcastle United 18 6 5 7 19 26 23
11 Stoke City 18 6 4 8 19 23 22
12 Everton 18 5 6 7 27 28 21
13 Aston Villa 18 5 5 8 11 22 20
14 Sunderland 18 3 10 5 16 27 19
15 West Bromwich Albion 18 4 5 9 18 26 17
16 Queens Park Rangers 18 5 2 11 21 34 17
17 Hull City 18 3 7 8 18 25 16
18 Crystal Palace 18 3 6 9 20 30 15
19 Burnley 18 3 6 9 12 27 15
20 Leicester City 18 2 4 12 16 31 10
Tags:Alert, Arsenal news, chelsea, liverpool fc, manchester city news, manchester united, premier league results, robin van persie, Sports News, Wayne Rooney
Southampton vs Arsenal Lineups Live Scores, NBCSports Live Coverage
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Celta Vigo Hammer Barcelona 4-1; Video Highlights
JEFF-BRODRICKS
Just like James, Jeff works hard at providing the best possible news and reports for football fans. Some of his work includes getting starting lineups and scores in England and around Europe.


WHY ADOPT A FAMILY AT INTERFAITH?
There is a real need as family homelessness in Dallas has increased by 60% since 2010. Through the Adopt-A-Family program, you can fight family homelessness while using this program as a platform to increase social responsibility efforts, as well as, provide an avenue for team member engagement, team building, and volunteerism.
Your company or small group will donate $5000 to help provide a home, furnishings, and one year of support services for a homeless family that is new to Interfaith. With this sponsorship, your team has the option to actively participate in the decorating of the apartment as well as be the welcoming of the family into their new home. After which, Interfaith will provide monthly updates on the family's progress to your group or business as well as optional quarterly activities, such as the Holiday Apartment decorating or Summer Cookout, to interact with your family.
To get started or learn more about our Adopt-A-Family program, please contact Jessica Rood, Director of Donor Relations, at jrood@interfaithdallas.org or (469) 828-1833.


gvmax-forum - When will GVmax open source come out?
When will GVmax open source come out?
Re: When will GVmax open source come out?
Spamming this forum will not make it go any faster.
Too much spam = forum close + your email being placed in GVMax blacklist.
- And most import: This version stores user info in a different way than the current version.
compromised). Security is tricky and takes time.
Anyways I will place the code I have in github later today, but won't deploy it until the weekend at the very least.


The year 2014 is about to be coming in a very short time. New years eve is a chance for setting some new goals, resolutions, hope, and dreams. For many folks around the world, it's additionally a time of celebration and much fun. folks wish to place on their best cloth, cook smart meals and pay the hours up to the time of day with family and friends.
What's your plan for this new year because there are so many different ideas for celebrating the new year 2014. You can decorate your desktop with the new year 2014 wallpapers, this is one of the ways that you can get the wonderful feeling of the New Year season on your desktop screen. This is a perfect way to give the touch of festivity in your computer's desktop and feel new year season in the office place.
Here we have updated some of the best, fresh and latest the New year 2014 wallpapers. Please tell us concerning your favorite happy New Year wallpaper by writing your comments below and keep sharing it along with your friends.
"3D New Year Wallpaper 2014" is really wonderful post. All the wallpapers shared in this post are so cool and attractive. I love this post.


Here at Cherwell Leys we are aiming high for the future, to get the best for our girls to work towards improving their offspring for fleece qualities, fineness, density, uniform crimp, lustre and staple length. In order to achieve this we knew we had to search out the best genetics for our foundation herd but to complement them we needed top quality stud males. We now have a range of males from White through fawn to Black all with exciting pedigrees for you to choose from. Discounts available for multiple services.
So that you can have the opportunity to add these prize winning genetics to your improving herd, we have made Farleigh available for a selected number of matings this year. Wellground FARLEIGH a proven stud male producing impeccable offspring.
Wellground Romeo had his first cria on the ground in 2007, his offspring show great promise, all are well fleeced with plenty of fine crimp and soft handle.
2008 sees new Stud Male introduction Cherwell Leys Othello, with excellent pedigree Sire EP Cambridge (Atlantic) Orphan and Grand Sire EP Cambridge (Atlantic) Salta, Othello's offspring should result in something special, as you can see in his photograph he is a strong blue/black colouring, we are eagerly awaiting his offspring.
2009 Now Available for a limited number of matings EP Cambridge REGENCY imported from Australia Regency has been working at Cherwell Leys throughout the 2008 season and now has progeny here to view at Cherwell Leys.
These three males have all been successful at recent shows, CWL Charnwood Phoenix placed 2nd Adult White Male, CWL The Shaman placed 4th both at the Romsey Show 2011 and CWL Tangaroa gaining Supreme Champion Fleece at Heart of England Show 2011. These three males will be retained as in house only studs with releases of their genetics available through the purchase of pregnant female alpacas please see our sales page.


Vermont Modular Homes can build in your location, too!
In a world where everything is digital, from your watch to your phone, there still does comes a time when geographic location plays a role. When considering Vermont Modular Homes as your next home builder, something very useful to know is if we can actually deliver a home to your location. Chances are overwhelming that if you came to this website, Vermont Modular Homes can build and deliver your home to you. For those that are looking to refine exactly where we build, the answer may be thrilling. The short answer to "do you build in my location" and "can you deliver a home to..." is yes.
There are some realistic expectations on geographical location, though. While our name is Vermont Modular Homes, this does not limit us to Vermont. We have in the past delivered to all parts of Vermont, the North Country of New York, and even Maine! Does this mean we will deliver to Florida? Well, probably not - but don't run away just yet. A good amount of our clients are actually living in Florida, Virginia, and other warm spots that make people in Vermont jealous during the winter months. And a good deal of them are native Vermont residences looking to build either a second home back up North, or build a smaller new home in the area.
A general guideline to keep in mind as far as location is concerned is: how far away from Vermont Modular Homes are you? If you want to build in Washington state, it may not prove practical to have a home delivered across the country. Remember, a modular home is built in the factory, away from the elements. From the factory, your home needs to be delivered; so there is a good chance that you are along the route between Vermont Modular Homes and the factory where the home is built.
We can, and will, deliver homes throughout all of Vermont, most of New York State, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Maine, and even Delaware Some of these locations may present technical issues which we will be happy to discuss with you on an individual basis. Feel free to contact us for more information, or to start the build process of your new home. How can we help you today?


All prices per pound are based on Incoming Weight.
There is no minimum requirement, but due to time involved for set up, there will be an additional set-up fee of $10 per lot for any lot under 2 lbs.
Lots under 1 pound will be charged for 1 pound.
For any other type of fiber, please give us a call.
Includes Tumbling, Washing, Picking, Dehairing, Carding, Drawframe, Spinning, Plying, Steaming, Skeining and Washing of finished Skeins. See The Process for more information!
Upon request, yarn may be processed onto cones (.50 cents per cone). Coned yarn will not receive a final wash.
Includes Tumbling, Washing, Picking and Carding onto your choice of thick or thin cotton core.
Includes Tumbling, Washing, Picking, Dehairing and Carding.
Skirting is not included in the price of processing. Visible VM, burrs, manure, sticks, hay, etc. should be removed prior to arrival at the mill. If skirting is required prior to processing, we will contact you.
We reserve the right to refuse processing based on condition of fleece.
Remember – the cleaner your fiber, the better product we can create for you!
There is an expected loss ratio in processing fiber, so to reduce this ratio, prepare your fleece!
Preferred Maximum of no longer than 6 inches.
If longer than 6", an additional charge of $20 per pound to hand cut will be added.
If under 2", contact us for options.
Payment is due upon completion date, unless previous arrangements have been made. Any unpaid balances over 45 days becomes the property of HLA Fiber Mill, LLC and will be sold to cover losses.
If local or coming our way, call and schedule a drop off.


The board of directors and staff of the Historic Forks of the Wabash Museum would like to thank everyone who donated items, helped with set-up and attended the annual garage sale on Saturday, April 6. The sale is one of the annual fundraising events the Forks holds and this year's sale was very successful. The Forks appreciates the support of their volunteers, the Huntington community and are very thankful for all who made this year's sale the best ever.
Saturday, May 4 will be the Piecemakers Quilt show at the Historic Forks of the Wabash Richardville Room. This year's show will be one day only. Plan to attend and see the beautiful hand-made quilts that will be on display beginning at 10 a.m.
The Forks of the Wabash invites everyone to attend the annual "Old-Fashioned Fourth of July" celebration at the Forks on Thursday, July 4. Included in the events this year will be a band concert by the Erie Band, a program, refreshments in the main museum and tours of the buildings following the program. The program will begin with the concert at 9:30 a.m. Please bring your lawn chairs and join us for this special way to celebrate our freedom.
The Annual "Splash on the Wabash" will take place on Saturday, July 6. This is always a fun event for individuals and families to participate in. Check the "Splash" website for more information on the times for the float and how to register.
The Annual "Forks Uncorked" will be held from 5 to 9 p.m. on Friday, July 12. There will be wine and craft beer tasting as well as food trucks. Entertainment will be provided throughout the evening along with a silent auction. For more information about this and tickets, please check the "Forks Uncorked" or HARTA websites.