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'Marvel's Agent Carter': TV Review
Peggy Carter takes matters into her own hands to help clear the name of a good friend and keep the country safe
Stars: Hayley Atwell
Team: Michele Fazekas, Tara Butters, Steve McFeely, Christopher Marcus, Jeph Loeb
It's 1946, and peace has dealt Peggy Carter a serious blow as she finds herself marginalized when the men return home from fighting abroad. Working for the covert SSR (Strategic Scientific Reserve), Peggy must balance doing administrative work and going on secret missions for Howard Stark all while trying to navigate life as a single woman in America, in the wake of losing the love of her life – Steve Rogers.
The short Teletype on Marvel's Agent Carter is that it gets right all the things that Marvel's Agents of SHIELD got wrong — and that's the biggest cartoon brawl you can win when you're looking for a hit.
And yes, ABC is looking for a hit.
The Bottom Line Marvel and ABC finally get it right with this fun, entertaining period piece
Tonight's two-hour premiere of Agent Carter will make you wish it wasn't the start of an eight-episode trial run that, with enough viewers, might garner a second-season order. (I immediately wished it were a full season and Agents of SHIELD was sent back to the shop for an overhaul.)
Read more 'Agent Carter' Star Reveals Wild Hopes for Decades of Stories to Come
The reasons Agent Carter works while its longer-named, more modern sibling does not come down to relevance and story. While the small-screen SHIELD may lack the big-screen superheroes that fuel the Marvel franchise, that isn't its greatest fault. After all, Agent Carter lacks Captain America, but that doesn't stop it from being a badass and riveting bit of screen magic.
In SHIELD, ABC and Marvel gave us a series that lacked a purpose, for starters, and had an ensemble cast featuring no one engaging enough to make you identify the series through the characters' magnetic storylines. In SHIELD, every episode was a caper looking for a purpose and an hour looking for a reason to exist.
In Agent Carter, the identity is immediate. First, British star Hayley Atwell fully embodies the character and has the panache and allure to be the face of the series. Also, Agent Carter is a period piece, which makes it distinctive. Set in 1946, with a retro look that becomes its own important and identifying character, we find Agent Peggy Carter back from war and excited to use her considerable talents at the Strategic Scientific Reserve to help the country — only she's reduced to secretary status as the men dismiss her or whisper that she's merely the Captain's ex. Agent Carter uses the era's heavy sexism to its advantage because it knows, and lets the audience know, that while Peggy is none too happy about how she's treated, she's not going to sit there and complain about it. She's going to outsmart her co-workers, show up before they do and handle the damned problem herself. If that involves kicking a significant amount of ass with her hands and feet and weaponry — including, tonight, a stapler — so be it.
This is why we like her.
Read more 'Agent Carter' Showrunners Grilled By 'Arrow' Producer in Honest, Wide-Ranging Interview
Comparing her character to that played by a man reduces her importance, but there's really no current comparison that's worthy. So, Peggy Carter is the Jack Bauer of her era (if Jack, in 24, were harangued and dismissed by Chloe all day long). Or, to reference a show fewer people watched, she's the precursor to Sydney Bristow on Alias.
In the two-hour premiere, the story revolves around the government's attempts to nail Howard Stark (Dominic Cooper) for treason because his scientific weapons experiments — he calls them his "bad babies" because they are the most lethal — have fallen into enemy hands. The government thinks he sold them, so Stark, on the lam, turns to Peggy to help him clear his name (and lends his almost-able butler Edwin Jarvis — played by James D'Arcy — to assist).
You need not have seen the Captain America movies or read the comic books to follow this fun little romp of a show. That's how having a clear identity is helpful in ways other than being favorably compared to Agents of SHIELD.
There's definitely mushy comic book overtones present here, with the action never seeming very scary or dangerous, and a cartoony swagger to it all. The men of the Strategic Scientific Reserve may be sexist cads, but they are also broadly slow in the process, which ensures that Peggy will, for the most part, easily outwit them. That said, Chief Roger Dooley (Shea Whigham), Agent Jack Thompson (Chad Michael Murray) and Agent Ray Krzeminski (Kyle Bornheimer) may be stereotypical when we first meet them, but creators Tara Butters and Michele Fazekas at least give viewers the more sympathetic Agent Daniel Sousa (Enver Gjokaj), whose leg injury from the war also makes him a bit of a second-class citizen in the eyes of the other SSR boys. It's this kind of advanced planning and slow rollout of characters that gives Agent Carter more credibility and the audience some faith.
It will need that audience, of course, though lack thereof hasn't stopped ABC from keeping SHIELD alive.
As it stands after two entertaining episodes, there's a lot that Agent Carter can do going forward. It already feels like a series, and if it can keep that up — plus highlight the hell out of Hayley Atwell — then a second season should come easy.


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Home » PCU Zeitgeist » Con Talk » Con Talk: Marvel TV Stars Are Coming To SDCC
Con Talk: Marvel TV Stars Are Coming To SDCC
Posted on June 22, 2015 by Pauly D in Con Talk // 0 Comments
MARVEL TELEVISION RETURNS TO COMIC-CON SAN DIEGO!
Get a Sneak Peek at the Upcoming Seasons of
Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. and Marvel's Agent Carter
at an Exclusive Panel Session on Friday, July 10
Find Out the Latest in the World of Marvel Animation
at the Marvel Animation Presents Panel on Saturday, July 11
Visit Marvel Booth #2329 for Autograph Signings, Giveaways and more!
SPOILER ALERT! The stars of Marvel Television are coming to San Diego Comic-Con for can't-miss panels, exclusive signing events and more!
On Friday, July 10th, the world-famous Marvel Television Presents panel returns as Jeph Loeb (Marvel's Head of Television) brings you exclusive news and surprises about your favorite action-packed Marvel series on ABC. Join Jeph, showrunners, and the casts of Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. and Marvel's Agent Carter for this must-see panel that'll have everyone talking!
Then, on Saturday July 11th, catch Marvel Animation Presents and see what's ahead in the world of Marvel Animation. Join Stephen Wacker (VP, Current Series – Marvel Animation Studios), Cort Lane (VP, Animation Development & Partnerships), and Eric Radomski (SVP, Production & Creative Director, Animation) for exclusive first looks at the exciting new seasons of hit animated series: Marvel's Avengers: Ultron Revolution and Marvel's Ultimate Spider-Man vs. The Sinister 6. Also, be there to catch exclusive never-before-seen footage from Marvel's Guardians of the Galaxy animated series! Star-Lord, Groot, Rocket, Gamora and Drax are back for even more intergalactic adventures in the highly-anticipated new animated series coming to Disney XD this fall.
You'll also have a chance to meet with the stars of your favorite Marvel Television series on ABC at two exclusive signing events at the Marvel booth (#2329) on Saturday, July 11th!
MARVEL TELEVISION SCHEDULE:
FRIDAY, JULY 10:
Marvel Television Presents — Panel Session
3:00 PM – 4:15 PM in Ballroom 20
Join the casts and producers of Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. and Marvel's Agent Carter!
Marvel's Agent Carter – Cast Signing Event
10:00 AM at the Marvel Booth (#2329)
Cast Attending: Hayley Atwell, James D'Arcy, Tara Butters (EP), Michele Fazekas (EP), Chris Dingess (EP), Louis D'Esposito (EP) and Jeph Loeb (EP)
Marvel Animation Presents – Panel Session
10:30 AM – 11:30 AM in Room 6BCF
Go behind-the-scenes into the world of Marvel Animation!
Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. – Cast Signing Event
2:30 PM at the Marvel Booth (#2329)
Cast Attending: Clark Gregg, Ming-Na Wen, Chloe Bennet, Brett Dalton, Iain De Caestecker, Elizabeth Henstridge, Nick Blood, Adrianne Palicki, Henry Simmons, Luke Mitchell, Maurissa Tancharoen (EP), Jed Whedon (EP) and Jeph Loeb (EP).
Marvel's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
Jeph Loeb
About Pauly D (679 Articles)
Paul hails from Central Connecticut where he was a child of the 80's. A lifelong lover of all things Sci-Fi, Paul is particularly fond of anything to do with Star Wars and Star Trek. He is also a huge Stephen King Fan. When he is not writing for PCU he is spending time with his wife and two geeky daughters.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: Will PWM on 50% duty cycle cut the current in a DC motor in half I have a DC motor that is controlled by a PWM output on an Ardiono and I want to know if I can safely assume that by setting the output to 50% duty cycle, the current in the motor will be 50 % as well
The output is connected to the base on an BC338 transistor through a 1K resistor that I use as a driver.

A: No. It can be anywhere from 0% to 100% depending on load & motor specifics.
If you need 50%, you need some feedback, like shunt with opamp.
//RPM counting using optical-interrupter

A: Average current may well be half (not always), but instantaneous current could also be (not always) 100%.
I had some 3V motors I was PWMing from a 12V supply a couple of years back. PWM'ing them worked well in staying within the RPM range of those motors, but the instantaneous voltage/current wore out the brushes pretty quickly.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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\section{Introduction}

The understanding of charge transfer processes across liquid / liquid
interfaces is particularly important in many areas of chemistry, physical
chemistry and biology. In the last decades a variety of electrochemical
methods have been adapted to study these processes. Cyclic voltammetry,
chronopotentiometry, impedance spectroscopy applied to macro and more
recently to microinterfaces between two immiscible liquids are currently
being used \cite{MSK88}-\cite{Girault2}. Nevertheless, interpretation of the
experimental data requires in many cases a proper knowledge of the interface
\cite{Kazarinov87}\cite{SMH84}. In recent years new experimental techniques
have been developed, which allow to obtain molecular level information
concerning the interface. Second harmonic generation at the liquid / liquid
interface provides information about the state of molecules, especially the
surfactants adsorbed at the interface\cite{CR95}\cite{CFZ96}\cite{NHC95}.
Scanning electrochemical microscopy studies of charge transfer processes
across ITIES are in progress\cite{RMB93}\cite{SB95}. The concentration
profiles on both sides of the phase boundary can be probed and the thickness
of the mixed solvent layer can be evaluated by scanning the
ultramicroelectrode tip\cite{WMB95}. More recently, IR reflection
spectroscopy\cite{SF90} and specular reflection of neutrons \cite{LLF91}
have been applied yielding information at the molecular level. Theoretical
calculations should provide an important contribution to give insight into
interfacial structure and the mechanism of transfer across ITIES; several
authors have used molecular dynamics to model the interface, the ion transfer%
\cite{Benjamin93}\cite{Benjamin94} and the water/oil interface in the
presence of micelles\cite{SHEROS91} or in the presence of a monolayer of
amphipatic molecules\cite{KKNNS92}. Benjamin \cite{Benjamin92} has employed
equilibrium free energy calculations and equilibrium dynamics trajectories
to provide a detailed microscopic picture of the ion transfer processes. He
showed that the transfer into the organic phase is accompanied by a
hydration shell of water molecules and may also involve ion-pairing. A
lattice gas model has been recently used by Pereira et al. \cite{Pereira}and
Schmickler \cite{Schmickler} to clarify a number of experimental features of
liquid-liquid interfaces, including capacity and ion transfer. On the other
hand, continuum models have also been employed to understand ion transfer
between immiscible liquids. A review on this topic has been given by Markin
and Volkov\cite{MV89}, where the Born model, non-linear dielectric effects
and the use of non-local electrostatic methods were analyzed. Although
quantitatively poor, the Born theory was found to provide a qualitative
understanding of ion transfer processes from an aqueous to an organic phase,
concerning the effect of static permittivity and ion size. Among continuum
models, it is also worth mentioning the contribution of Abraham et al. in a
sequence of papers\cite{A&L1}\cite{A&L2}\cite{A&L3}\cite{A&L4}\cite{A&L5},
where calculations of free energies and entropies of solvation were
performed for a number of systems. We shall refer to these papers as $A\&Ln$%
, the number $n$ denoting the number with which each part was originally
labelled.

It is the purpose of the present work to revive and shear new light on one
of the aspects considered in $A\&L5$, which is that of ion hydration in the
organic phase. We add a new feature to their model that introduces an extra
term to the free energy of transfer which was previously ignored . This
accounts for the interaction between the water layer surrounding the ion in
the organic phase and the organic solvent. We also use the Born model to
discuss some qualitative features of the present formulation.

\section{The model}

We consider the direct transfer of alkaline and alkaline earth ions,
indicating this process as:

\begin{equation}
M^{+z}(aq)\rightleftharpoons M^{+z}(org)  \label{n(x)}
\end{equation}

As pointed out in $A\&L5$\cite{A&L5} in their calculation of partition
coefficients, the free energy of transfer $\Delta G^t$ of the ion from water
to the organic solvent contains in principle neutral and electrostatic
terms. Since the former contributes to $\Delta G^t$ only to a minor extent,
we shall ignore it in most of the discussion given below.

Table I shows the Standard Gibbs energy $\Delta G_{tr}^0$ of this reaction
as given by Sabela et al. \cite{Sabela}, compared with the corresponding
values for several anions. In contrast to the transfer of anions, where
large differences are observed, the transfer energy for the smaller alkaline
ions appears to be rather size-insensitive. An interpretation of these
results could be attempted in terms of a continuum model of the solvent with
inclusion of non linear dielectric effects or non local electrostatic
models, as proposed in an interesting review by Markin and Volkov\cite{MV89}%
. However, we first want to draw attention here to an alternative model,
which is also based on a continuum model for the solvent, but introduces a
feature that has been absent in most of the previous theoretical
considerations. This characteristic is the allowance for a remaining
solvation sheet belonging to the aqueous phase {\it even after} the ion has
been transferred to the organic phase. In fact, although Abraham and Liszi
\cite{A&L5} did consider the existence of a hydration sheet in the organic
phase, a relevant contribution to the free energy of transfer was omitted
there, as discussed below. At the very preliminary stage of development of
these speculations, we will not seek a close agreement with the experiment,
but rather point out under which circumstances this kind of events may
occur. More sophisticated theoretical considerations and further
experimental evidence will allow the confirmation or rebuttal of the present
ideas.

We turn now to consider a naive but enlightening model for the transfer of
ions from the aqueous to the organic phase and we later considered some
improvements to it within the continuum approach. In order to avoid
confusion, we want to state here what we mean when we write below the
''radius of the ion''. In the case where we use ideas related to the work of
Abraham and Liszi, we shall be talking about the crystallographic radius. On
the other hand, when we apply the concept developed by Rashin and Honig \cite
{Rashin&Honig85}, we shall be actually referring to the cavity that the ion
produces into the solvent. A detailed discussion about this point has been
given by Rashin and Honig\cite{Rashin&Honig85}. Our first simplified model
is shown in Figure 1 and follows the ideas suggested in $A\&L5$. We assume
that the alkaline ion of radius $r_o$ eventually {\it may} carry with it a
solvation sheet of radius $r_s-r_o$, so that after the transfer it is
immersed in a mixed dielectric medium, constituted by a sphere of dielectric
constant $\varepsilon _1$, the same as that of the aqueous phase, which is
in turn embedded in a dielectric continuum of constant $\varepsilon _2$. We
shall refer to this kind of ionic transfer as a transfer through a ''water
peel (WP)'' mechanism. If we calculate the electrostatic free energy change
for this process according to the spirit of Born's model, we get:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{elec}^{0\prime }=-\frac{q^2}{2r_0\varepsilon _1}+\frac{q^2}%
2\left\{ \frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\left[ \frac 1{r_0}-\frac 1{r_s}\right]
+\frac 1{\varepsilon _2r_s}\right\}  \label{delgmixp0}
\end{equation}
where $q$ represents charge of the ion. However, a very important element is
missing in this model, as can be understood from the following argument. The
presence of the aqueous solvation sheet makes the ion more stable in the
organic phase, and this stability increases as $r_s$ increases. Thus, on
electrostatic grounds $r_s$ should increase indefinitely to stabilize the
ion as much as possible. The reason for this not to happen is that the
creation of the water layer in the organic phase must have some cost, this
depending on the radius $r_s.$ Note that these considerations are absent in $%
A\&L5$, where the water layer is somewhat arbitrarily (but very reasonably)
assumed to be of one water molecular diameter. According to the previous
argument, we shall write the free energy of transfer according to:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{transf}^{0\prime }=-\frac{q^2}{2r_0\varepsilon _1}+\frac{q^2}%
2\left\{ \frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\left[ \frac 1{r_0}-\frac 1{r_s}\right]
+\frac 1{\varepsilon _2r_s}\right\} +4\pi \gamma r_s^2  \label{delgmixp}
\end{equation}
where $\gamma $ denotes the surface tension of a water/organic solvent
interface. Thus, the three terms on the r.h.s. of eqn. \ref{delgmixp}
represent the solvation energy of the ion in the aqueous phase, the
solvation energy in the mixed phase and the free energy required to create
the new surface originated by the water sphere of radius $r_s,$
respectively. The last term looks like the solvophobic term discussed by
Markin and Volkov \cite{MV89} when considering the contribution of the
solvophobic effect to the resolvation energy. However, it is clear that it
has here quite a different meaning, since $r_s$ is no longer the ionic
radius but that of the hydrated ion.

On the other hand, the transfer of an alkaline ion from the aqueous to the
organic phase without the aqueous solvation sheet would involve the
contribution:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^0=\frac{q^2}2\frac 1{r_0}\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon
_2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right]  \label{delgmix}
\end{equation}

We are aware that we actually should use instead of this equation a similar
one taking into account that the cavity radius produced by a particular ion
will vary in different solvents \cite{Rashin&Honig85}, but we postpone this
discussion for below.

Thus, the fact whether the ion will be transferred with an aqueous solvation
sheet or not, will depend on the relative magnitudes of the processes
involved in \ref{delgmixp} and \ref{delgmix}. Simplification of eqn. \ref
{delgmixp} yields:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime }=\frac{q^2}2\frac 1{r_s}\left[ \frac
1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right] +4\pi \gamma r_s^2
\label{delgmixp2}
\end{equation}

Note that according to this expression $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime }$ is
independent of the ionic radius, in agreement with the experimental
observation for the smaller alkaline ions. We will now analyze under which
conditions the processes related to \ref{delgmix} or \ref{delgmixp2} should
prevail. We illustrate this point in Figure 2, where we make a qualitative
plot of $\Delta G_{trans}$ and $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime }$ as a function of
the radius of the aqueous sphere surrounding the ion. Three different
situations may appear. In the first (Figure 2a) the curves for $\Delta
G_{trans}^{\prime }$and $\Delta G_{trans}$ intersect in two points, and
there exists an infinity of values of $r_s$ which allow the inequality $%
\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime }<\Delta G_{trans}$. Alkaline ion WP transfer
should be the predominant mechanism for the ion transfer in this case. In
the second (Figure 2b), there is only one point in which we get $\Delta
G_{trans}^{\prime }=\Delta G_{trans}.$ In the third case, we get $\Delta
G_{trans}^{\prime }>\Delta G_{trans}$ for all $r_s$, so that ion WP transfer
should not occur.

The relevance of the physical parameters involved in the present model may
be envisaged from the following analysis. Let us set the necessary condition
for a minimum in eqn. \ref{delgmixp} according to:

\begin{equation}
\frac{d\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime }}{dr_s}=-\frac{q^2}2\frac 1{r_s^2}\left[
\frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right] +8\pi \gamma r_s=0
\label{deriv}
\end{equation}
which leads us to the value for the radius of the aqueous sphere at the
minimum:

\begin{equation}
r_s^{\min }=\frac 12\left[ \frac{q^2}{2\gamma \pi }\left( \frac
1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right) \right] ^{(1/3)}
\label{rsmin}
\end{equation}

Substituting $r_s^{\min }$ back into eqn. \ref{delgmixp2}, we get:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime \text{ }\min }=\frac 32\frac{q^2}2\frac
1{r_s^{\min }}\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right]
\label{delgmin}
\end{equation}
which resembles in shape eqn. \ref{delgmix}. Thus, the existence of a
minimum for $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime }$ located below $\Delta G_{trans}$
(the case depicted shown in Figure 2a) will imply the condition :

\begin{equation}
r_0<\frac 23r_s^{\min }  \label{r0rs}
\end{equation}

If we now substitute $r_s^{\min }$ into eqn. \ref{r0rs} and rearrange, we
arrive at the inequality:

\[
\frac{\gamma r_0^3}{q^2}<\frac 1{54\pi }\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac
1{\varepsilon _1}\right]
\]

This is a very simple mathematical formulation emphasizing the relevance of
the physical magnitudes which will allow a WP transfer of ions from an
aqueous phase to an organic one: the surface tension of the corresponding
water/organic interface, the ionic radius and the charge of the ion. Thus,
for a given water/organic interface, the ionic transfer through the WP
mechanism will be favored for interfaces with the lower surface tension and
ions with the smaller radii and the higher charges. In order to make a
quantitative test of these ideas, we have plotted in Figure 3 the standard
Gibbs energies for the transfer of some univalent ions from water to
1,2-dichloroethane, obtained from electrochemical measurements\cite{Sabela}%
\cite{Samec88} as a function of the reciprocal of the ionic radius. In
Figure 3a we used the ionic radius as usually reported in textbooks\cite
{Bockris}, and in Figure 3b we employed the corrected radius as quoted by
Rashin and Honig \cite{Rashin&Honig85}. This corresponds to the choice of
ionic radii for anions and covalent radii for cations, all increased by 7
\%. Although there remain some differences between anions and cations, the
latter choice seems to be more adequate for this representation . In the
case of all the anions and the bigger cations, an increase of $\Delta
G_{trans}$ with $1/r_0$ is found, a fact which was predicted by eqn. \ref
{delgmix}. The differences observed between cations and anions may be
attributed to the fact of using the same $r_0$ irrespective of the solvent.
It has been pointed out in the literature that different radii for the
cavity surrounding the ions are expected, especially when the solvents
involved have a different polarity \cite{Rashin&Honig85}. On the other hand,
a remarkable deviation from the linear behavior is found in the case of the
smaller cations $Li^{+}$ and $Na^{+}$. Furthermore, the experimental $\Delta
G_{trans}$ is not found to change with the ionic radius, a feature which was
anticipated in the discussion given above by eqn. \ref{delgmin}. Due to the
simplicity of the present model, only a qualitative description of the
direct transfer can be pursued here. However, we can attempt an improvement
in terms of dielectric saturation effects as proposed in $A\&L3.$ Thus, eq.
\ref{delgmixp2} can be replaced by:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime }=\frac{q^2}2\dint\limits_{r_0}^\infty \frac
1{r^2}\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2(r)}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1(r)}\right]
dr+4\pi \gamma r_s^2  \label{delgmixp3}
\end{equation}
where $\varepsilon _1(r)$ and $\varepsilon _2(r)$ are now electric field
dependent functions as given in $A\&L3$. These can be calculated numerically
by solving the equation $\varepsilon =n^2+\frac{4\pi \rho \mu }E\left( \coth
(\frac{3\mu E}{2kT})-\frac{2kT}{3\mu E}\right) $ along with $E=\frac
q{\varepsilon \ r^2}$ , where $n$ denotes internal refractivity of the
liquid, $\rho $ the number density, $\mu $ the dipole moment and $kT$ has
the usual meaning. The integral can also be performed numerically and
numerical minimization of \ref{delgmixp3} provides an estimation of $%
r_s^{\min }$ and $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime \text{ }\min }$. These are given
in Table 2 along with the more approximate values stemming from Born's
theory. These values point towards a hydration sheet close to a molecular
diameter, as suggested in $A\&L5$ and the value for $\Delta
G_{trans}^{\prime }$ reasonably agrees with the experimental finding for $%
Li^{+}$and $Na^{+}$, where we expect WP\ transfer to take place. Since there
is theoretical evidence that the surface tension of small drops should
decrease with increasing curvature\cite{Allen}, we expect from eq. \ref
{delgmixp3} that the hydration extent in the organic phase should be
somewhat larger than what we calculate here. However, the minimum described
by this equation is relatively flat so that important changes in the
hydration extent should not appreciably change the values of $\Delta
G_{trans}^{\prime }$we report here. A further comment is also relevant
concerning the accuracy of eq. \ref{delgmixp3}. We expect the values
obtained from it for WP transfer to be much more accurate that any
estimation of transfer free energy that can be made for ion transfer {\it %
without hydration. }In fact, if we assume that the structure of the
hydration sheet remains essentially unaltered in the organic phase, this
equation reduces to:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime }=\frac{q^2}2\dint\limits_{r_s}^\infty \frac
1{r^2}\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2(r)}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1(r)}\right]
dr+4\pi \gamma r_s^2  \label{delgmixp4}
\end{equation}
the integral being extended over regions relatively far from the ion. This
would naturally not be the case for an analogous extension of eq. \ref
{delgmix} to consider dielectric saturation, which would result in:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^0=\frac{q^2}2\dint\limits_{r_0}^\infty \frac 1{r^2}\left[
\frac 1{\varepsilon _2(r)}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1(r)}\right] dr
\label{delgmixp5}
\end{equation}

The value of integral is here according to our experience {\it extremely}
sensitive to assumptions made concerning the structure of the dielectric
media in the neighborhood of the ion.

Returning to our discussion above, it seems that hydration in the organic
phase should only occur for the smaller ions. However, the model given above
is only adequate to describe a complete solvation layer, and hydration by
one or a couple of water molecules may occur. A {\it rough} estimation of
the free energy decrease $\Delta G_{repl}$ that accompanies the replacement
of part of the organic solvation layer by{\it \ a single} water molecule may
be made according to the following argument. We divide the free energy
change related to this hydration process in two parts. One corresponding to
the ion-dipole interactions $\Delta G_{i-dip}$ and another one corresponding
to dipole-dipole interactions $\Delta G_{dip-dip}^0$. The change related to
the ion-dipole interactions can be written as:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{ion-dip}^0=-\frac{q^2}{n_{H_2O}^2\ r_{i-H_2O}^2}\mu _{H_2O}<\cos
\Theta _{H_2O}>+\frac{\rho _{DCE}}{\rho _{H_2O}}\frac{q^2}{n_{DCE}^2\
r_{i-DCE}^2}\mu _{DCE}<\cos \Theta _{DCE}>  \label{delgiondip}
\end{equation}
where $n$ labels the refractive index, $\mu $ the dipole moment, $\rho $ the
number density and $<\cos \Theta >$ the average orientation of water ($H_2O$%
) and 1,2-dichloroethane ($DCE$) dipoles respectively. The ion-dipole
distances denoted as $r_{i-H_2O}$ and $r_{i-DCE}$ can be taken to be equal
to the sum of the ionic radius plus the corresponding molecular radius.\ The
average orientation can be estimated using Langevin's equation $L(x)=\coth
(x)-1/x$ with $x=E\mu /kT.$ Thus, the first term on the r.h.s of eq. \ref
{delgiondip} represents the free energy decrease when the ion is solvated by
a water dipole, and the second term represents the corresponding free energy
increase due to desolvation of the corresponding part of the organic
solvent. The values obtained from this equation are shown in Table 3 for the
different ions considered here. As an estimation for the $\Delta
G_{dip-dip}^0$ term we consider the free energy change corresponding to the
dissolution of water in 1,2-dichloroethane at the saturation concentration,
that can in principle be obtained from solubility data of $H_2O$ in $1,2-DCE.
$ Since these solubility values reported in the literature \cite{polacos}
vary between $0.1$ M and 10$^{-3}$M, we estimated $\Delta G_{dip-dip}^0$ to
be in the range $10-30KJ/mol$. Whatever the accurate value, we see that
within the present approximation practically all the ions considered in
Table 3 should prefer solvation with one water molecule to be anhydrous in
the organic solvent. Moreover, since the resulting values for $\Delta
G_{repl}^0=\Delta G_{ion-dip}^0+\Delta G_{dip-dip}^0$ are of the same order
of magnitude that a reasonable calculation or free energy of transfer
without hydration would yield, we expect that even solvation with a single
water molecule should deliver a meaningful contribution to this process.

A more quantitative approach would require a simulation based on realistic
potentials describing the ion-water, ion- 1,2-DCE and all the intermolecular
interactions. In this respect, it is worth mentioning here the interesting
results of the simulation performed by Benjamin\cite{Benjamin92}concerning
the transfer of an ion from a nonpolar to a polar phase. In the case where
the liquid-liquid interface is not forced to be sharp but a wider transition
region is allowed, an important part of the polar solvent solvation shell is
already formed around the ion when it is still on the nonpolar side of the
liquid-liquid interface. It would be thus worthwhile to perform this type of
simulation with more specific potentials for the different ions. This would
provide an important test to the present ideas. Determination of standard
free energies for the transfer of alkaline-earth ions will be also helpful
to distinguish between a WP or a ''dry '' transfer . In fact, any
electrostatic estimation of the standard Gibbs energies of the dry transfer
should scale in a first approximation with $q^2$, as predicted by Born's
equation. On the other hand, replacing eqn. \ref{rsmin} into eqn. \ref
{delgmin} yields:

\begin{equation}
\Delta G_{trans}^{0\prime \text{ }\min }=\frac 32q^{(4/3)}(2\gamma \pi
)^{(1/3)}\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right]
^{(2/3)}  \label{delgmin2}
\end{equation}

Thus, the WP transfer free energies are expected to scale with $q^{(4/3)}$,
which is much weaker than the $q^2$ dependence given above.

We can summarize the present results saying that we have clarified some
aspects of direct ion transfer across the water/1,2 dichloroethane by using
a very simple model based on thermodynamic considerations. We believe that
ion solvation by water molecules may occur {\it in some particular cases} in
the organic phase, delivering an important contribution to the Gibbs free
energy of ion transfer between the aqueous and the organic phase. This
particular type of transfer should be favored in the case of {\it highly
charged small ions, at interfaces with a relatively low surface tension and
a large difference between the reciprocal of the corresponding dielectric
constants}.

{\bf Acknowledgments}{\Large \ }

{\normalsize \ Financial support from the Secretar\'{\i}a de Ciencia y
Tecnolog\'{\i}a de la Universidad Nacional de C\'{o}rdoba and the Consejo
Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\'{\i}ficas y T\'{e}cnicas, language
assistance from Pompeya Falcon and a fellowship (C.S.) from the Consejo de
Investigaciones de la Provincia de C\'{o}rdoba are gratefully acknowledged. }
\newpage
Table 1. Standard Gibbs transfer energies of univalent ions from water to
1,2-dichloroethane (as quoted in Table 2 of ref. \cite{Sabela}).

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
Ion & $\Delta G_{tr}^0/kJ\ mol^{-1}$ \\ \hline
H$^{+}$ & $53$ \\ \hline
Li$^{+}$ & $57$ \\ \hline
Na$^{+}$ & $57$ \\ \hline
K$^{+}$ & $50$ \\ \hline
Rb$^{+}$ & $42$ \\ \hline
Cs$^{+}$ & $35$ \\ \hline
Cl$^{-}$ & $51$ \\ \hline
Br$^{-}$ & $43$ \\ \hline
I$^{-}$ & $33$ \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

Table 2. Calculated radii of solvated ion and standard Gibbs energies for
ion transfer surrounded by a layer of water. The values labelled with (Born)
were calculated using Born's solvation model while the values labelled with
(Sat) were calculated taking into account dielectric saturation through eqn.
\ref{delgmixp3}. The parameters employed in the numerical minimization of eq.%
\ref{delgmixp3} were: $n_{H_2O}=1.3329$, $n_{DCE}=1.4448$ , $\varepsilon
_{H_2O}(bulk)=78.54,$ $\varepsilon _{DCE}(bulk)=10.23$, $\gamma
_{H_2O/DCE}=25.5$ dyn/cm,

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{lllll}
Valence / $Z$ & $r_s$ & $r_s$ & $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime \min }/kJ\
mol^{-1} $ & $\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime \min }/kJ\ mol^{-1}$ \\
& $(Born)$ & $(Sat)$ & $(Born)$ & $(Sat)$ \\
$1$ & 2.48 & 3.44 & 35.6 & 45.6 \\
$2$ & 3.94 & 5.22 & 89.7 & 108.8
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

Table 3. Ion-dipole contribution to the free energy associated with the
replacement of part of the organic solvation layer of an ion by{\it \ a
single} water molecule . All values are in $kJ\ mol^{-1}$.

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
Ion & $\Delta G_{ion-dip}/kJ\ mol^{-1}$ \\ \hline
Li$^{+}$ & -117.4 \\ \hline
Na$^{+}$ & -91.1 \\ \hline
K$^{+}$ & -69.0 \\ \hline
Rb$^{+}$ & -62.4 \\ \hline
Cs$^{+}$ & -54.5 \\ \hline
F$^{-}$ & -69.0 \\ \hline
Cl$^{-}$ & -49.9 \\ \hline
Br$^{-}$ & -45.5 \\ \hline
I$^{-}$ & -39.5 \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\bigskip\

\bigskip\

\begin{center}
{\normalsize {\Large {\bf Figure captions} }}
\end{center}

{\normalsize \newcounter{fig} \TeXButton{list}
{\begin{list}{\bf Figure \arabic{fig}:}{\usecounter{fig}\sl}
\item Model for the direct transfer of an alkaline ion of radius $r_0$ through the water/organic interface. We allow for the possibility that the ion carries with it a solvation sheet which is essentially similar to that existing in the aqueous phase. The conditions under which this may occur are discussed in the text.
\item Qualitative plot of the transfer free energy of an ion with an aqueous solvation sheet ($\Delta G_{trans}^{\prime })$ , as a function of the radius $r_s$ of a sphere containing the ion+aqueous layer. a) The horizontal line labelled ($\Delta G_{trans}^{})$ indicates the transfer free energy of an ion without the aqueous layer. These schemes correspond to the conditions: a)$\frac{\gamma r_0^3}{q^2}<\frac 1{54\pi }\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right] $; b)$\frac{\gamma r_0^3}{q^2}=\frac 1{54\pi }\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right] $; c)$\frac{\gamma r_0^3}{q^2}>\frac 1{54\pi }\left[ \frac 1{\varepsilon _2}-\frac 1{\varepsilon _1}\right] $
\item Electrochemical standard free energies for the transfer of univalent ions from water to 1,2-dichloroethane. Empty circles indicate cations, while filled circles denote anions. The reciprocal radii were calculated from a)ionic radii as reported in \cite{Bockris} b) corrected radii as reported by Rashin and Honig \cite{Rashin&Honig85}.
\end{list}
}}

{\normalsize \ }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Among the different structural form beam is the least efficient. Commonly, only one cross section of a beam is subjected to the maximum design moment, and consequently, if the member is prismatic, only one cross section of the beam is working at the maximum allowable stress at design load. What is worse, at design load only the extreme fiber of that unique cross section is stressed to the maximum; all the other fibers are understressed.
It is acknowledged that this situation is somewhat improved by improved by continuity, by virtue of which two sections may be subjected to the maximum moment. The situation is further improved by the plasticity of concrete and steel, which may permit a redistribution of moments to occur within the member which will more fully utilize the prismatic beam. But it is still impossible to compete for efficiency with the simple compression struts, for example, in which every cross section along the length is stressed to the full allowed value over width and depth.


Movie Monday: A Clinical Pearl For Assessing Great Toe Mobility ~ Eat. Run. Rehabilitate.
Another Monday means another movie to be shared with all of you. This week's video is a clinical pearl to keep in mind when assessing great toe dorsiflexion/extension (whatever nomenclature you like for sagittal plane motion at the great toe). This is especially important when dealing with runners and running injuries due to the influence of the great toe during gait. Specifically, the ability to extend the hip, achieve terminal stance and proper toe-off. This is another pearl that I learned from Jay Dicharry and his book, Anatomy for Runners/The Healthy Running course.
The major point of this video is that the position of the ankle can have an effect on motion at the toe. This is important to consider because at terminal stance/toe off the ankle is placed in dorsiflexion and the toe must also dorsiflex as well to allow for a proper "ankle rocker" mechanism to occur. Failing to check toe mobility in both positions could lead to an improper assessment. The big toe really can be a lynch-pin when it comes to movement so we want to ensure it can do what it is supposed to do. Have a great day!


The cryptocurrency market has been in decline for over a year and the downtrend shows no signs of slowing down. The entire market's capitalization saw over $700 billion wiped off the sheets, as a lot of the currencies marked losses upwards of 90 percent. But this doesn't mean it's impossible to be profitable. Here's how to survive the bear market and to make the most out of it.
You need to remember that it's not just cryptocurrencies that you can trade. As the market is going down, or moving sideways, you can take your time and trade other asset classes such as commodities, forex, indices, and so forth.
Make the most of your time, instead of just waiting while sitting on fiat currency or stablecoins. You can even do so using Bitcoin.
Evolve Markets, for example, is a trading platform which allows the user to trade legacy markets with leverage, using their BTC as capital. Naturally, the profits and the losses are distributed in Bitcoin but you can engage in trading everything from Twitter stocks to silver and gold.
It's not necessary for your asset of choice to grow in value in order for you to make money. In fact, it's also possible to profit while the price is going down. These are some of the common trading strategies that can be used in order to capitalize on declining prices.
A short seller will profit if the price of the asset goes down. The trader sells to open the position, expecting to buy it back later at a lower price, while keeping the difference as a gain.
Shorting different altcoins on cryptocurrency exchanges such as Evolve Markets, for instance, is a convenient way of making profits in a bear market.
Scalping is another approach, which is oftentimes seen as a sub-category of day trading. This strategy targets minor swings in the intra-day price of different cryptocurrencies.
Traders are known to enter and exit throughout the trading session in order to accumulate profits.
Naturally, scalpers would indulge in a range of different trades, depending on the current market condition, in order to build up their profit. In addition, the limited time exposure to the market is known to reduce their risk.
Swing trading requires the trader to identify a certain trend and capitalize on it. It doesn't matter if the asset is going down or is growing in value, as the trader can alternatively short it.
Swing traders are known to follow the trend. If the trend is for the asset to grow, they would go long, and if it is a downtrend, they'd short it.
Hedging is a more conservative approach to achieving protection in a bear market. To hedge means to make an investment in order to reduce the risk of adverse and prominent moves in the price of an asset.
There's Permanent hedging, which involves you holding the position throughout the entire time, and there's also Timed hedging which is done using technical analysis in order to navigate through the volatility during a bear market.
As you can see from all of the above, there are plenty of things you can take advantage of in order not only to survive the bear market but also to make profits while it lasts. However, having all that in mind, you'd also have to make sure that you are using a reliable and, most importantly, a broker which can cater to your needs.
In other words – choose a broker which supports all of the trading options, and preferably more, that you'd need to execute your plan during the bear market. Make sure that the platform you are using supports CFD trading, margin trading, and all of the options that are outlined above. It's also important to see whether or not the trading platform supports the necessary amount of trading pairs.
Evolve Markets, for example, offers all the needed trading options and functionalities to guarantee for a reliable trading experience. This way you can be sure that you will have the necessary tools to benefit from the current market conditions.
"Fool me once – shame on you. Fool me twice – shame on me." That's the saying you need to cherish while trading. Everybody makes mistakes and you will lose money while trading – there's no way around it.
However, it's critical to make the most out of every single mistake you're making. This goes for all of the trading options, regardless of whether you'll be shorting an asset or going on it long. Most of the brokers allow the opening of a demo account. It's not a bad idea to explore that option in order to test all of your strategies and to see what works best during different market cycles and conditions.
What are your survival tactics during a bear market? Don't hesitate to let us know in the comments below!


text:
from segmentation import getFootFramesFromReferenceFrame
import math

from ddapp.debugVis import DebugData

def getBoardCorners(params):
    axes = [np.array(params[axis]) for axis in ['xaxis', 'yaxis', 'zaxis']]
    widths = [np.array(params[axis])/2.0 for axis in ['xwidth', 'ywidth', 'zwidth']]
    edges = [axes[i] * widths[i] for i in xrange(3)]
    origin = np.array(params['origin'])
    return [
            origin + edges[0] + edges[1] + edges[2],
            origin - edges[0] + edges[1] + edges[2],
            origin - edges[0] - edges[1] + edges[2],
            origin + edges[0] - edges[1] + edges[2],
            origin + edges[0] + edges[1] - edges[2],
            origin - edges[0] + edges[1] - edges[2],
            origin - edges[0] - edges[1] - edges[2],
            origin + edges[0] - edges[1] - edges[2],
           ]

def getPointDistances(target, points):
    return np.array([np.linalg.norm(target - p) for p in points])

def computeClosestCorner(aff, referenceFrame):
    corners = getBoardCorners(aff.params)
    dists = getPointDistances(np.array(referenceFrame.GetPosition()), corners)
    return corners[dists.argmin()]

def computeGroundFrame(aff, referenceFrame):
    refAxis = np.array([0,-1,0])
    referenceFrame.TransformVector(refAxis, refAxis)
    axes = [np.array(aff.params[axis]) for axis in ['xaxis', 'yaxis', 'zaxis']]
    axisProjections = np.array([np.abs(np.dot(axis, refAxis)) for axis in axes])
    boardAxis = axes[axisProjections.argmax()]
    if np.dot(boardAxis, refAxis) < 0:
        boardAxis = -boardAxis
    xaxis = boardAxis
    zaxis = [0,0,1]
    yaxis = np.cross(zaxis, xaxis)
    xaxis = np.cross(yaxis, zaxis)
    closestCorner = computeClosestCorner(aff, referenceFrame)
    groundFrame = getTransformFromAxes(xaxis, yaxis, zaxis)
    groundFrame.PostMultiply()
    groundFrame.Translate(closestCorner[0], closestCorner[1], 0.0)
    return groundFrame

def showBoardDebug(affs=None):
    referenceFrame = vtk.vtkTransform()
    referenceFrame.Translate(0, 0, 5.0)
    affs = affs or om.getObjects()
    for obj in affs:
        if isinstance(obj, BlockAffordanceItem):
            d = DebugData()
            d.addSphere(computeClosestCorner(obj, referenceFrame), radius=0.015)
            showPolyData(d.getPolyData(), 'closest corner', parent='board debug', visible=True)
            showFrame(computeGroundFrame(obj, referenceFrame), 'ground frame', parent='board debug', visible=True)

def loadFeet():
    meshDir = os.path.join(app.getDRCBase(), 'software/models/atlas_v3/meshes')
    meshes = []
    for foot in ['l', 'r']:
        d = DebugData()
        d.addPolyData(io.readPolyData(os.path.join(meshDir, '%s_talus.stl' % foot)))
        d.addPolyData(io.readPolyData(os.path.join(meshDir, '%s_foot.stl' % foot)))
        meshes.append(d.getPolyData())
    return meshes

import vs as lcmvs
from ddapp import lcmUtils
triadCount = 0

def publishTriad(transform, collectionId=1234):

    global triadCount
    triadCount += 1

    o = lcmvs.obj_t()

    xyz = transform.GetPosition()
    rpy = transformUtils.rollPitchYawFromTransform(transform)

    o.roll, o.pitch, o.yaw = rpy
    o.x, o.y, o.z = xyz
    o.id = triadCount

    m = vs.obj_collection_t()
    m.id = collectionId
    m.name = 'stance_triads'
    m.type = lcmvs.obj_collection_t.AXIS3D
    m.nobjs = 1
    m.reset = False
    m.objs = [o]

    lcmUtils.publish('OBJ_COLLECTION', m)

def generateFeetForDebris(affs=None):

    affs = affs or om.getObjects()
    affs = [aff for aff in affs if isinstance(aff, BlockAffordanceItem)]

    stanceWidth = 0.20

    nameMap = {
              'board A'  : '02_2x6_1',
              'board B'  : '03_2x6_3',
              'board C'  : '04_4x4x40_4',
              'board E'  : '07_4x4x20_4',
              'board F'  : '09_2x4_4',
              'board G'  : '10_4x4x40_2',
              'board H'  : '12_2x4_3',
              }

    stances = {
              '02_2x6_1' : (-0.323615,-0.334221,0.66,1.54697),
              '03_2x6_3' : (-0.48553,-0.437538,0.7,1.57),
              '04_4x4x40_4' : (-0.65425,-0.527123,0.66,1.58678),
              '07_4x4x20_4' : (-0.378337,-0.364018,0.66,1.62164),
              '09_2x4_4' : (-0.353197,-0.450592,0.79,1.54697),
              '10_4x4x40_2' : (-0.581364,-0.0076541,0.82,1.58029),
              '12_2x4_3' : (-0.353395,-0.450592,0.79,1.54649),
              '14_2x4_1' : (-0.598935,-0.498268,0.66,1.56923),
              }

    referenceFrame = vtk.vtkTransform()
    referenceFrame.Translate(0, 0, 5.0)

    stanceRotation = 0.0
    stanceOffset = [-0.48, -0.08, 0]

    for aff in affs:
        name = aff.getProperty('Name')
        if name not in nameMap:
            print 'name not found:', name
            continue

        affGroundFrame = computeGroundFrame(aff, referenceFrame)
        stanceOffsetX, stanceOffsetY, pelvisHeight, stanceRotation = stances[nameMap[name]]

        stanceFrame, lfootFrame, rfootFrame = getFootFramesFromReferenceFrame(affGroundFrame, stanceWidth, math.degrees(stanceRotation), [stanceOffsetX, stanceOffsetY, 0.0])

        publishTriad(stanceFrame)

        showFrame(affGroundFrame, name + ' ground frame', parent='board debug', scale=0.15, visible=True)
        lfootFrame = showFrame(lfootFrame, name + ' lfoot frame', parent='board debug', scale=0.07)
        rfootFrame = showFrame(rfootFrame, name + ' rfoot frame', parent='board debug', scale=0.07)

        lfoot, rfoot = loadFeet()
        lfoot = showPolyData(lfoot, name + ' l_foot', parent='board debug')
        lfoot.actor.SetUserTransform(lfootFrame.transform)
        rfoot = showPolyData(rfoot, name + ' r_foot', parent='board debug')
        rfoot.actor.SetUserTransform(rfootFrame.transform)

        #for obj in [lfootFrame, rfootFrame]:
        #    obj.addToView(app.getDRCView())

generateFeetForDebris()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Posts Tagged: Hurricane Katrina
Jeffrey Mount and the Delta levee blues
Jeffrey Mount, a UC Davis geology professor and the Roy J. Shlemon Chair in Applied Geosciences, was included in "The Sacramento 100" — Sacramento News and Review's 2010 round-up of the most influential, important and interesting people in Sacramento.
He was joined by an eclectic group of "interesting" characters, so whether being named on the list makes him notorious or famous is up to interpretation.
Jeff Mount
In any case, Mount was aptly described as "the man who knows everything about rivers in a region that owes its existence and continued survival to its rivers and Delta."
As a local watershed expert and founding director of the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences, Mount was frequently called upon in the aftermath of the devastating levee breaks in New Orleans to estimate odds of a similar massive levee failure in the Delta.
The odds aren't encouraging — Mount predicts a 64 percent chance of massive failure in the next 50 years. And some recent reports from the California Department of Water Resources suggest that is an optimistic estimate.
The strong late December storms sweeping through California had Mount keeping one eye on the levees and another on his kayak. So far this season, Californians have been lucky. But Mount doesn't expect that luck to hold indefinitely.
The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta supplies irrigation water for more than a million acres of agriculture in the Central Valley — some of the nation's most productive farmland — and drinking water for two-thirds of California's residents. But the levees that hold the Delta together are old and in crisis.
The 1,100-mile system of earthen embankments was built in the late 1800s and early 1900s to reclaim Delta marshland for farms. This creaky system of levees desperately needs a major overhaul. Over time, erosion, seepage and animal burrows have taken their toll. The levees have also been weakened by the gradual sinking of land behind the levees. Many of the Delta islands are now 25 feet below sea level.
Any major levee breach due to storm or earthquake could pull brackish ocean water into the Delta, contaminating irrigation and drinking water supplies and stopping the flow of water to the south and the Bay Area. Infrastructure such as rail lines, highways and gas pipelines would also be impacted.
The big picture of what could go wrong in the case of massive levee failure is scary if you stop and think about it, which has given Mount the name Dr. Doom in some circles. But Mount isn't one to candy coat the situation. He was once quoted by a reporter that "New Orleans has lost the battle with the inevitable, and we will do the same."
Jones Tract Flooding, 2004
Flooding in Mossdale, 1997
Posted on Wednesday, January 12, 2011 at 6:21 AM
Author: Trina Wood
Tags: Delta (3), flooding (3), geology (2), Hurricane Katrina (1), Jeffrey Mount (1), levee system (2), Sacramento News and Review (1), UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences (4)


All along Florida's Gulf Coast, fishermen set out weirs in the fall to trap the seasonal mullet run. Posts were pounded into the sand and nets strung out between them. At high tide the fish were trapped in the nets and harvested at low tide.
As the Gulf waters begin to cool, mullet begin their annual migration to warmer waters. The adults swim out to sea to breed in the Gulf Stream. The fertilized eggs are carried north on the current where the cycle begins again.
Out on the bay, men haul in their catch. The estuaries of the central Gulf Coast teamed with life. Although there were fish, shellfish, and game all year long, the autumn was a time of amazing plenty. Ducks and geese that flew in from the north, formed great rafts on the bay. Schools of mullet and then mackerel flooded in. For the people, it was both a time of great bounty and exhausting work. Every family had its own fishing place that had been established over generations.
When the nets were run out, they had to be constantly tended. Too many fish and the nets would sink and even tear. Sharks and blue crab rushed to feed on the fish caught in the nets. It kept everybody busy. And of course, there were always lots of pesky seagulls looking for a handout.
In downtown St. Petersburg there was once an ancient city. It's outline appears on the Ogden map of 1879. This city had six temple mounds located within a 48-acre berm. These were a Mississippian people – who depended upon the sea for their livelihood. Like maritime people all over the world, they worked hard and celebrated the season of the fish with a festival.
Work is never work when you bring joy to it. Temporary shelters were thrown up to salt and smoke the fish. Behind them on the rise above Booker Creek is the temple mound complex up. It is autumn.
Men, tending nets out in the bay, filled canoes with mullet. Once ashore, the women and children take over the work of processing the catch.
Work is never work when you bring joy to it. Temporary shelters have been thrown up. In the background is the temple mound complex up on the rise above Booker Creek. It is autumn.
Men, tending nets out in the bay, have filled canoes with mullet. Once ashore, the women and children take over the work of processing the catch.


text:
Mandela Scottish Memorial Foundation
The newly formed Nelson Mandela Scottish Memorial Foundation (NMSMF) is planning to erect a statue of Nelson Mandela in Glasgow to celebrate his centenary in 1918.
The Foundation was launched in October at an event at Glasgow City Chambers. Trustees include Sir Alex Ferguson and the Lord Provost of Glasgow. Glasgow already has a square named after Mandela – the former site of the apartheid regime's Glasgow consulate. For more news of the Foundation's plans go to https://mandelascottishmemorial.org


Here at Action Sealtite we specialise in the supply of dry disconnect couplings, hoses & fittings.
One of the products we offer our customers includes CleanBREAK Dry Disconnect Couplings from our Dry & quick disconnects range.
The CleanBREAK Dry Disconnect Coupling forms a secure hose connection & prevents spillage of fluid during connection & disconnection of flow lines.
For more information on our CleanBREAK Dry Disconnect Couplings please visit our website.


On Saturday night, thousands of Israelis gathered in Jerusalem and Tel Aviv to rally for tolerance. The twin demonstrations followed a weekend of violence that left a 16-year-old Israeli woman and a Palestinian toddler dead—the former stabbed at Jerusalem's gay pride parade by an ultra-Orthodox man, and the latter burned to death in his home by suspected Jewish terrorists. The gatherings were addressed by many politicians and cultural leaders, including Israeli President Reuven Rivlin and his predecessor Shimon Peres, who each spoke powerfully about the need to fight extremism. But perhaps one of the most moving speeches of the evening came from an unlikely source: an Orthodox rabbi named Benny Lau.
Lau, the nephew of a former Israeli chief rabbi (and cousin of a current one), leads a modern Orthodox congregation in South Jerusalem, and is known for his efforts to bridge the country's wide secular-religious divide. Standing in Zion Square before hundreds of rainbow flags, he forcefully denounced those who use religious Judaism as justification for their homophobia and hatred.
Lau opened with a reference to Deuteronomy 21, which instructs the Israelites to perform a ritual when a dead traveler is found in the field, in which the elders of the nearest town proclaim, "Our hands did not shed this blood." The recent murders in Israel, Lau noted, offer no such escape from responsibility.
At a time when religion is increasingly seen as the source of problems in a violent Middle East, Lau's speech serves as a poignant reminder that it is also part of the solution.


text:
#ifndef COREFACTORY_H
#define COREFACTORY_H

#include "Core.h"
#include "CoreConfig.h"

namespace corefactory {

/**
 * Creates all modules and places the interfaces which should be accessible
 * from the CoreAPI in the returned Core object.
 *
 * The caller is responsible for deleting the returned Core when the
 * application shuts down.
 */
Core* createCore(const CoreConfig& config);

} // namespace
#endif /* COREFACTORY_H */


text:
.. GIMS documentation master file, created by
    sphinx-quickstart on Fri Jun 13 18:48:41 2014.
    You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
    contain the root `toctree` directive.

Welcome to GIMS's documentation!
================================

.. note::

    The present documentation is comprehensive and should enable to answer most
    questions. If you are really stuck and need assistance, send an email to
    who@gimsinitiative.org

Contents:

.. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 2

    content/introduction
    content/basics
    content/data_input
    content/data_input2
    content/data_validation
    content/data_processing
    content/data_reconciliation
    content/data_output
    content/user
    content/roles_and_permissions
    content/filter_set
    content/filter
    content/rule
    content/discussion
    content/activity
    content/computing
    content/rest
    content/technical_presentation
    content/glossary


Come and join this magnificent Sussex-based seven piece jazz ensemble performing music from the 20's to the present day, drawing on influences as diverse as Spike Jones, Fletcher Henderson, Duke Ellington, Mnozil Brass and the Postmodern Jukebox. CAUTION! Performances may include hats, barbershop singing, puppets and loud bangs, along with spectacular musicianship, some cracking arrangements, original tunes and a unique comedy twist. What can go wrong!


text:
import React from 'react'

import WidgetTextMultiPresentationColumns from 'components/WidgetTextMulti/WidgetTextMultiPresentationColumns'
import WidgetTextMultiData from 'components/WidgetTextMulti/WidgetTextMultiData'

function WidgetTextMultiContainer({ widgetData }) {
  const { textWidgets } = WidgetTextMultiData({ widgetData })
  return widgetData?.format === 'columns' ? (
    <WidgetTextMultiPresentationColumns textWidgets={textWidgets} />
  ) : (

Multi Text Format not recognised

  )
}

import PropTypes from 'prop-types'
const { shape, string } = PropTypes

WidgetTextMultiContainer.propTypes = {
  widgetData: shape({
    format: PropTypes.oneOf(['columns']),
    uid: string,
  }),
}

export default WidgetTextMultiContainer


text:
News Nokia 9 Is Coming And It Will Be Expensive!
Nokia 9 Is Coming And It Will Be Expensive!
Nokia 9 is going to be a premium phone from Nokia and it will pack some awesome features. The recent reports from Nokia Power User gives us a glimpse at the price, the device might cost Rs 44,999 in India.
The return of Nokia's in the smartphone market is now being more powerful than expected. We have seen Nokia Launched three android powered smartphone Nokia 3,5 and 6 at MWC 2017.
Well, these three phones from Nokia are mid-end and users are still expecting an high-end smartphone from Nokia. There are lots of rumors regarding Nokia 9 making rounds on the internet now.
Nokia 9 is going to be a premium phone from Nokia and it will pack some awesome features like Nokia OZO audio which Nokia claims as "Advanced psychoacoustic technology" that "allows sound to be captured and played back just like it would in real life".
Nokia 9 is also rumored to feature IRIS scanner which is right now present in Samsung Galaxy S8 and S8+. If we talk about Nokia 9's specifications the phone is rumored to feature latest Snapdragon 835 processor and it will have 6GB of RAM and 128GB of Internal storage. The internal storage can be expanded up to 256GB with the help of microSD card.
Nokia 9 might feature a Carl Zeiss-based 22-Megapixel dual-camera lens on the back and 12MP front camera. According to the new reports from Nokia Power User, the phone might be introduced in the third quarter of this year.
The reports from Nokia Power User also gives us a glimpse at the price, the device might be priced at Rs 44,999 in India. In the US the phone is tipped to cost $699 and in Europe, it will cost around EUR 749.
So, what do you think about Nokia 9? Share your views in the comment box below.


text:
Camillo de Nardis (* 26. Mai 1857 in Orsogna; † 5. August 1951 in Neapel) war ein italienischer Komponist, Dirigent und Musikpädagoge.

Leben und Werk
Camillo de Nardis studierte am Conservatorio San Pietro a Majella in Neapel bei Giuseppe Correggio Harmonie und bei Nicola D'Arienzo Kontrapunkt, Komposition und Fuge. 1879 erwarb er sich sein Diplom in Komposition.

Camillo de Nardis vertrat von 1882 und 1884 das Fach Harmonielehre am Konservatorium von San Pietro a Majella in Neapel, 1885 das Fach Chorgesang an der Königlichen Militärakademie in Neapel, ab 1886 Harmonie und Kontrapunkt an der Albergo dei poveri in Neapel sowie von 1892 bis 1897 Komposition am Konservatorium von Palermo. Von 1907 bis 1922 unterrichtete er wieder am Konservatorium von Neapel, wo er seit 1907 bis 1929 als stellvertretender Direktor in der Nachfolge von Paolo Serrao wirkte. Unter seinen Schülern waren Raffaele Tenaglia, Guido Pannain und Renato Parodi.

Vor allen Dingen in Neapel trat de Nardis auch als Dirigent hervor. Er dirigierte beispielsweise in der Saison 1888/1889 im Theater von Neapel die Bellini-Oper I puritani und die dortige Erstaufführung von Richard Wagners Tannhäuser.

Er verfasste eine Abhandlung über Harmonielehre, die 1921 von Ricordi veröffentlicht wurde. Er verfasste auch bedeutende Musikkritiken. Er komponierte geistliche Musik und Kammermusik. Dabei führte er häufig Elemente der Abruzzen-Tradition in seine Musik ein. Sein Orchesterwerk Escenes d'Abruzzo sowie zwei Suiten für Sinfonieorchester wurden ebenfalls bei Ricordi veröffentlicht. Sein kompositorisches Werk enthält auch Opern wie beispielsweise Stella (1898) nach einem Libretto von Paolo D'Elsa und nach einem Stück des Dramatikers Francesco Gabriello Starace, die im Auftrag des Teatre Líric de Milà im Teatro Marrucino in Chieti uraufgeführt wurde. Dieses in de Nardis Heimat der Abruzzen spielende Werk, das eine ähnliche Anlage wie die Oper Cavalleria rusticana aufweist, verbuchte aufgrund seiner Dramatik und der Komplexität der Charaktere einen triumphalen Erfolg beim Publikum. Generell zeichnete sich de Nardis Kompositionsstil durch klare Melodien und feine Instrumentierungen aus. Er überarbeitete und modernisierte italienische Opern des 18. Jahrhunderts wie Il duello comico von Giovanni Paisiello und Lu frate innamurate von Giovanni Battista Pergolesi wie auch Cembalowerke derselben Zeit, die es ihm angetan hatten.

Literatur

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Komponist (Italien)
Dirigent
Musikpädagoge
Italiener
Geboren 1857
Gestorben 1951
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Coachella Valley volleyball team has had the skill, now they're adding the passion
The CV volleyball team features a superstar soccer player and softball and basketball stars, but right now it's all about volleyball
The Coachella Valley volleyball team has had the skill, now they're adding the passion The CV volleyball team features a superstar soccer player and softball and basketball stars, but right now it's all about volleyball Check out this story on desertsun.com: https://desert.sn/2NTwRIx
Shad Powers, Palm Springs Desert Sun Published 9:54 a.m. PT Oct. 1, 2018 | Updated 10:50 a.m. PT Oct. 1, 2018
The Coachella Valley varsity volleyball team won Wednesday's home conference match against Cathedral City by a score of 3-0.(Photo: Brandon Magpantay/Special to The Desert Sun)
For the past two years, the athletic talent has been there for the Coachella Valley High School volleyball team. This year, they've added the passion.
And that's put the Arabs on the brink of uncharted territory -- a league title and a deep playoff run.
It's a unique collection of skilled athletes who may not consider volleyball their No. 1 sport. You've got the soccer superstar, the softball studs and the basketball prodigies. Amazing athletes, who also play volleyball.
Coach Carlos Contreras, now in his 10th year, was happy to have all this physical skill on the squad, but the team always had one small problem.
"One challenge, was just that I needed them to CARE about volleyball," Contreras said. "The athletic ability has always been there, I just had to get their hearts into it. I needed to get it through to them that we can hang a banner here. That's been the message. Then when we got off to a good start, and they're seniors now, I think it clicked. They don't talk about their other sports anymore. Those can wait. It's about volleyball for them now."
More: Donny Fitzgerald's epic touchdown performance Friday night sets desert record
Coachella Valley captain Elizabeth Olivas digs the ball during a 3-0 win against Cathedral City. (Photo: Brandon Magpantay/Special to The Desert Sun)
Contreras did little things to try to enforce this concept, like have team meetings where he had each girl talk about why they loved volleyball. And it's worked.
The Arabs are 17-3-1 overall and 9-1 in the new Desert Valley League. They popped into the CIF-SS rankings for the first time last week, sitting at No. 7 in Division 8.
If you look around the Coachella Valley gym, there are banners representing the 14 sports in which the Arabs have won a league title. There is no volleyball banner up there. This senior group is trying to change that.
The belief that they could win the first league title in school history became even more real last Tuesday when they did the unthinkable -- they beat Yucca Valley. The Trojans had dominated the sport and handed Coachella Valley its only league loss the first time around this year. But when the Arabs rallied from down two sets to beat Yucca Valley -- 17-25, 11-25, 25-15, 26-24, 15-10 -- everything changed.
"Basically, it's like if we beat Yucca Valley, we can beat anybody," senior captain and soccer star Miranda Torres said. "We are a heavy senior class, and I think that makes a big difference. This year, we want to win a league title and go past that first round for sure."
Coachella Valley Head coach Carlos Contreras instructs his troops during a 3-0 win over Cathedral City on Wednesday. (Photo: Brandon Magpantay/Special to The Desert Sun)
The Arabs ended a long playoff drought in 2016, led primarily by sophomores who are now seniors. They followed that up with a playoff trip last year as well. Both times, though, the Arabs did not advance past the second round. A playoff win would mean a lot to this senior group and to the program.
"Knowing how hard we're working and that we've been able to overcome times when we get behind like against Yucca, makes me feel good and confident about our team," senior libero Elizabeth Olivas said. "We have a positive mindset and never lose hope. Hopefully, that will carry us where we want to go."
Coachella Valley captain Miranda Torres goes high to tip away a ball against Cathedral City. (Photo: Brandon Magpantay/Special to The Desert Sun)
With that win over Yucca Valley (both teams are tied for first at 9-1 in the DVL) coach Contreras admits that the mindset has kind of flip-flopped. The Arabs, who have a tall front-line with 6-foot-1 Channel de la Paz and 6-foot Cheyenne Sandoval, went from "if we can just beat Yucca Valley we'll have a chance" to "now that we beat Yucca, the pressure is on us not to stumble."
Contreras said he wished the win over Yucca was later in the season and not with six games left, because it's going to be tricky to navigate the rest of the season even thought they'll be the favorites in their remaining games.
"If you think beating Yucca was hard, it's going to be even more difficult to defend that," he said. "Now if we slip up, that Yucca win means nothing. We have to carry that burden and it's a position we've never been in. We have to keep pounding. It's like the finish line is there, but we still have to keep running and running even faster."
Coachella Valley's Elina Corona saves the ball from going out of bounds against Cathedral City. (Photo: Brandon Magpantay/Special to The Desert Sun)
They've passed the first two post-Yucca Valley tests, beating Twentynine Palms and Cathedral City 3-0. There are four games left between the Arabs and a league title. They have three tough ones coming up this week: at Desert Mirage on Monday and home against Indio on Wednesday and at DHS on Thursday. And then they close the season Oct. 10 with a tricky one at Banning.
If this group can navigate the stretch against four teams they've already beaten once this year, it would be history-making. And that's where having so many athletes that excel in other sports may come in handy. They've been through these tense games before, just not in a volleyball uniform.
"We're all three-sport athletes and that helps in that we maybe are more athletic and can move and adapt to different things and different situations that maybe people who play one sport might not be used to," Torres said. "We're seniors and we have way more experience this year. I think this is the time to show that that means something."
Mickelson, Fowler headline Thursday golfers at La Quinta
Why Ron Shipley resigned as Knights football coach
Charlie Reiter gets third start in American Express golf
American Express golf field is good for many reasons
Phil Mickelson finds new role as American Express golf host
PGA Tour's American Express returns to the desert this week


text:
Back to the Drawing Board Productions
Tag: Shy Baldwin
MARVELLING AT THE MARVELOUS MRS. MAISEL
Posted on March 1, 2020 March 3, 2020 by Lloyd Marken
A couple of years ago I heard about The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, those who spoke about it really seemed to dig it but in an age of disparate audiences I alas was a Netflix customer and Mrs Maisel was available on streaming service Amazon Prime in Australia. With so much content to choose from in the world I decided I could make do without Mrs Maisel.
The show The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel is a delight, I easily feel it is one of the best shows I've seen in the past three years of its run, but this is not a show that should come billed as the best show on TV. A label that misleads and heightens expectations. What makes The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel so good is the way it grows on you and the way it builds to jokes.
But we're getting ahead of ourselves here, what the hell is the show about? We meet the newly minted Mrs. Maisel at her wedding reception in the mid 1950s. She's holding court doing a speech, it's a big reception, she regales us with tales of the courtship of her husband while she was at college. We learn a lot in that opening scene, we learn Midge as we will come to know comes from a well off family, is educated, likes to perform to an audience and is a passionate individual not ready to conform to society's expectations and always up for a laugh. Its important that we meet Midge right at this moment in her life. This is supposed to be her crowning achievement, she's graduated, gotten married to a good man and is going to pump out 3 kids by 30 and be a good mother and wife in a well to do family. Except well none of that is going to happen and what is going to help this young, intelligent, witty and ambitious woman survive the ordeals ahead is everything we see she is in these opening moments.
Midge is going to be a stand-up comic and God help me I know this is true – she is going to be a star. To become the Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, Midge's life possibly has to get blown up because without that she doesn't come to realise she has been living a lie and possibly the biggest lie of them all that she is happy in a life that she was not meant to live.
I don't want to give too much away but Midge's husband walks out on her and the first season is about dealing with the repercussions of that. We meet both families and their friends and personalities of the late 1950s underground comic scene (fyi Luke Kirby as Lenny Bruce is brilliant). You can tell a lot about a show by how much energy is put into the supporting characters. People with one scene that serve a purpose are given wit and charm and a whole lived in history thanks to the writing and the wonderful performers. There are throw away scenes that are some of the best in the series and then other laughs that make you nod and reflect yes that's so much like so and so.
Out of the terrific ensemble cast, I want to give a shout out to Marin Hinkle as Midge's mother Rose who is so subtle in her delivery. However even more than that, this show made me realise how much of a national treasure Tony Shalhoub is. I first noticed Shalhoub years ago as a tough FBI agent in The Siege (a change of pace for him as he was already established as a comedy sitcom star) and then I saw him as a laid back space travelling actor in Galaxy Quest. Here… he is Dad and he makes you smile and cry in equal measure. Like all fathers he is far from perfect, but he's pretty close if you know what I mean. Hinkle and him give gravitas to scenes that are elevated by their presence and deliver pitch perfect comic timing to all the others.
Lead Rachel Brosnahan as Midge had been cast in some prominent roles in House of Cards and The Blacklist but here she gets to be the star and she makes the most of it. Midge is not perfect, she likes the spotlight a bit too much and drinking might be an issue down the road but for the most part she is quick witted, resilient, optimistic and giving to others. Something that I admire deeply about her is how she stands up for herself and keeps pursuing goals. You can't make it in this business if you can't roll with some heavy punches.
I think what I love most about the show is at the centre of it are two women with an impossible big dream who chase it because they've got nothing to lose. Alex Borstein plays Susie Myerson who sees Midge perform stand-up comedy and decides to become her manager although she's never been a manager before in her life. The juxtaposition of these two is regularly played up in the show with great results. Midge is well dressed in fashionable outfits and has her looks regularly commented upon. Susie dresses like a man and gets mistaken for one or even just ignored. Midge comes from a lot and is about to lose a lot of it forcing her to show a new independence she has always inherently had. Susie has come from nothing and so had nothing to lose but upsets the stability of the life she had established for herself by deciding to chase something larger. They're both betting on the other to come through for them in a big way and they're doing it because they believe in each other and doesn't that just make your heart soar.
The most recent season three ended with a setback for the two as they looked up at a plane rising into the New York skyline with their dreams seemingly on board leaving with it. All I could think was, "they'll be okay, they're gonna make it, they're together.'
The production values are big for a TV show and there are lots of neat ways they frame things, take for example how a trip from New York to Paris is represented. The sound track is wonderful, fans of The Gilmore Girls (a show I missed but had a well off family at the centre of it, whip smart dialogue and establishing tracking shots that panned around a set and was also run by Amy Sherman Palladino) will recognise the work of the Palladinos here (her husband Daniel works on her shows too) but I think this might even be a show for people who didn't appreciate Gilmore Girls.
There are flaws, Midge's children only seem to be around when it is important to the plot, sometimes I wonder if favorite characters are consistently drawn or if we spend a little too many episodes in a setting because they've shelled out the budget for it and damnit now they're going to make the most out of it. Catskills and Miami anyone?
Yet it is a series that grows on you, pays off little bread crumbs it left for you a million years ago. Truths that rarely go spoken but give so much satisfaction when they're said at the height of a pivotal scene by a character. Sometimes this show is so good it warms your heart-it really does. The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel is my favourite TV show and you should definitely see it.
-Lloyd Marken
Tagged Abe Weissman, Alex Borstein, Amy Sherman-Palladino, Bailey De Young, Caroline Anson, Cary Elwes, Cynthia Darlow, Daniel Palladino, David Paymer, Holly Curran, Jane Lynch, Jason Alexander, Joel Johnstone, Joel Maisel, Justine Lupe, Kevin Pollak, Lenny Bruce, Leroy McClain, Liza Weil, Luke Kirby, Marin Hinkle, Matilda Szydagis, Max Casella, Michael Zegen, Miriam 'Midge' Maisel, Moishe Maisel, Rachel Brosnahan, Rosie Weissman, Shirley Maisel, Shy Baldwin, Sophie Lennon, Sterling K. Brown, Susie Myerson, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, Tony Shalhoub, Will Brill, Zachary Levi, Zelda5 Comments
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As a summoner you employ a number of tools to aid your champion on the battlefield. Runes, masteries and summoner spells enable you to customize your champion to suit your individual playstyle.
Battlefields fall into two primary game modes: Classic and Dominion. Classic game mode requires you to destroy the enemy's nexus while defending your own. A game of Dominion requires you to hold the majority of capture points on the map to damage the enemy nexus.


text:
Ана́льная про́бка, пла́г () — сексуальная игрушка — фаллоимитатор специфической формы, предназначенный для введения в анальное отверстие. Отличается меньшим размером, чем обычные фаллоимитаторы, и имеет расширение у основания, служащее для того, чтобы воспрепятствовать проваливанию анальной пробки вглубь кишечника.

Существуют анальные пробки-вибраторы.

Применение

Игровое
Если эксперимент проводится вдвоем, то удобнее всего расположиться на четвереньках с упором на локти. Тогда партнер легко сможет стимулировать область ануса и ввести секс-игрушку.

Если первый опыт в одиночестве, то удобнее всего разместиться лежа на боку, чтобы можно было легко дотянуться до места стимуляции. На каком боку — решайте сами, это зависит от того — левша вы или правша.

Поза стоя тоже подходит для опытов. Но нужно одну ногу согнуть и поставить на какую-то опору, чтобы открыть доступ к анусу. Этот вариант идеален и для мастурбации, и для секса в паре.

Дизайн
В настоящее время магазины, занимающиеся продажей сексуальных игрушек, предоставляют широкий ассортимент разновидностей анальных пробок. Они различаются по форме, размерам, цвету, их изготавливают из силикона, латекса, дерева, стекла, металла и прочих материалов. Существуют модели, снабжённые механизмом «эякуляции» или вибрирующим устройством. Некоторые анальные пробки дополнительно декорируются для сексуальных игр (пробка в виде лисьего хвоста, хвоста кролика, конского хвоста (широко употребляется для пони-плей), пробка для игры «в кольца»), или украшаются драгоценными камнями. Кроме того, имеются варианты, способные увеличиваться в объёме за счёт нагнетаемого воздуха.

Примечания

Ссылки

Анальные сексуальные игрушки


text:
Christine Sylvester
Critical International Relations; War as Experience; Art/Museums/Memorials and International Relations
Christine Sylvester is professor of political science at UConn and is affiliated with the School of Global Studies, The University of Gothenburg Sweden. A native of Connecticut, she also holds Australian citizenship and has worked extensively outside the USA, including at the Australian National University (Canberra), The Institute of Social Studies (The Hague, Netherlands), and Lancaster University (UK). She was awarded the Swedish Research Council's Kerstin Hesselgren Professorship for Sweden for 2010-2011. Other recent awards include a Leverhulme fellowship at the School of Oriental and African Studies, The University of London; the Susan Northcutt Award of the International Studies Association (ISA); Eminent Scholar of the Feminist Theory and Gender Studies Section of the ISA; the inaugural Ann Tickner Award of the ISA, and ISA Vice-President. She was also named one of Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations, Martin Griffiths, Steven Roach, M. Scott Solomon, eds. (Routledge, 2008), and has regularly given lectures at the United Nations University, Tokyo. Her most recent research and writings are on the state of theory in International Relations, war as experience, and art/museums and international relations. She is the editor of the Routledge book series: War, Politics, Experience. In 2014 Lund University awarded her an honorary doctorate in the social sciences, and in 2016 she was selected as a faculty fellow of the University of Connecticut Humanities Institute.
Curating and Re-curating the American Wars in Vietnam and Iraq (Oxford University Press, 2019).
Masquerades of War, editor (London: Routledge, 2015).
War as Experience: Contributions from International Relations and Feminist Analysis (Routledge, 2013).
Experiencing War, editor (Routledge, 2011).
Feminist International Relations: The Key Works, editor of 5 volumes (Routledge, 2010).
Art/Museums: International Relations Where We Least Expect It (Paradigm, 2009).
Feminist International Relations: An Unfinished Journey (Cambridge University Press, 2002)
Producing Women and Progress in Zimbabwe (Heinemann, 2000).
Feminist Theory and International Relations in a Postmodern Era (Cambridge University Press, 1994).
Zimbabwe: The Terrain of Contradictory Development (Westview, 1991).
Transformations in the Global Political Economy, co-editor (St. Martin's, 1990).
"Who Gets to Curate Recent American Wars? Looking in Arlington Cemetery and at The Wall That Heals," Critical Military Studies, 2019.
"Curating and Re-Curating America's War in Vietnam," Security Dialogue, firstview November 2017, print version 2018.
"Thinking like an Artist-Researcher About War," co-author Jill Gibbon, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 45, 2, 2017: 249-257.
"Contending with Women and War," Politics and Gender, 11, 3, 2015: 586-596.
"Neorealist Reductionisms," Australian Journal of Political Science, 49, 3, 2014: 547-552.
"TerrorWars: Boston/Iraq," Critical Studies on Terrorism 7,1, 2014: 11-23.
Christine Sylvester, "Let's Not Jump (Over) the Guns: response to Christina Hellmich," Critical Studies on Terrorism, 7, 3, 2014. [Link]
"Experiencing the End and Afterlives of IR," European Journal of International Relations, 19, 3, 2013: 599 -616.
"The Elusive Arts of Reflexivity in the "Sciences" of IR," Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 41, 2, 2013: 209-225.
"Passing American Security," International Studies Perspectives, 14, 4, 2013: 444-446.
"Experiencing War: A Challenge for IR," Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 26, 4, 2013: 669-674.
"War Experiences/War Practices/War Theory," Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 40, 3, 2012: 480-503.
Forum: Emotion and the Feminist IR Researcher, editor, International Studies Review, 13, 4, 2011: 687-708.
"Tensions in Feminist Security Studies," Security Dialogue, 41, 6, 2010: 607-614.
Recent Chapters
"Afterwards," Gendered States Revisited, Swati Parashar, Ann Tickner, Jacqui True eds. (Oxford University Press), 2018: 191-196.
"Creativity" in Aoileann Ni Mhurchu and Reiko Shindo, eds. Critical Imaginations in IR (Routledge), 2016: 56-69.
"Will IR Be Quite So Abstract in the Future?" in Ken Booth and Toni Erskine, eds. International Relations Theory Today and in the Future (Pennsylvania State University Press), 2016: 258-262.
"Avoiding the 'Killing' of Lives: representations in academia and fiction," in Studying the Agency of Being Governed, Stina Hansson, Sofie Hellberg with Maria Stern, eds. (Routledge, 2014): 64-74.
"Post-colonialism," in Steve Smith, John Baylis, and Patricia Owens, eds. The Globalisation of World Politics, 5th (2010) and 6th editions (Oxford University Press –Oxford Textbooks in International Relations), 2014: 184-197.
"Power, Security, and Antiquities," in Jenny Edkins and Adrian Kear, International Politics and Performance: Critical Aesthetics and Creative Practice (Routledge, 2013): 203-220.
"Development and Postcolonial Takes on Biopolitics and Economy, in Jane Pollard, Cheryl McEwan, Alex Hughes, eds. Postcolonial Economies: Rethinking Material Lives (Zed, 2011): 185-204.
"Feminism(s) Troubling the Boundaries of IR," ISA Compendium project, University of Michigan Press and online at ISA, 2010.
"The Contemporary 'Mahabharata' and the Many 'Draupadis': Bringing Gender to Critical Terrorism Studies," with Swati Parashar, in Richard Jackson, Marie Breen Smyth, Jeroen Gunning, eds. Critical Terrorism Studies (Routledge, 2009):178-193.
christine.sylvester@uconn.edu
Wed 12:30-1:30pm, Fri 3:30-4:30pm