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ជំពូក៖ NSS
ចេញផ្សាយ៖ 07 សីហា 2017
The Statistics Advisory Council is established in accordance with Article 15 of the Statistics Law and has the following members:
Minister of Planning Chairperson
2 Secretary of State, Ministry of Planning, in charge of Statistics Vice Chairperson
3 Secretary of State, Council of Ministers Member
4 Secretary of State, Ministry of interior Member
5 Secretary of State, Ministry of Rural Development Member
6 Secretary of State, Ministry of Economy and Finance Member
7 Secretary of State, Ministry of Commerce Member
8 Secretary of State, Ministry of Education, Youth and sports Member
9 Secretary of State, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Member
10 Secretary of State, Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy Member
11 Secretary of State, Ministry of Social Affairs, Veteran and Youth Rehabilitation Member
12 Secretary of State, Ministry of Post and Telecommunication Member
13 Secretary of State, Ministry of Health Member
14 Secretary of State, Ministry of Public and Transport Member
15 Secretary of State, Ministry of Tourism Member
16 Secretary of State, Ministry of Women's Affairs Member
17 Deputy Governor, National Bank of Cambodia Member
18 Representative, Academia Member
19 Director General, National Institute of Statistics Permanent Secretary
The Statistics Advisory Council shall conduct meeting at least twice a year. Every meeting of the Statistics Advisory Council, a quorum is at least half of all members for conducting the meeting. The Statistics Advisory Council has function to advise the Minister of Planning, in relation to:
- Identification of the policy of official statistics.
- Requirements of official statistics and prioritizing the project of statistical matters that are requested by the National Institute of Statistics and designated statistical units.
- Improvement, extension and coordination of the National Statistical System and designated official statistics for public purposes.
- Updating the Statistics Law, Sub-Decree, and judicial standard letter in relation with statistical matters.
- Annual, medium, and long term priorities of statistical work programs of the National Institute of Statistics and designated statistical units involved in producing official statistics.
- Statistical master plan.
- Determining the dates of conducting the population, agriculture, and establishment censuses.
- Any other matters relating generally to the National Statistical System and official statistics.
- Seeking assistance and support, financial and human resources required by the National Institute of Statistics and designated statistics units, in order to conduct census, survey, produce, and disseminate official statistics for public purposes.
Every meeting of the Statistics Advisory Council shall have a minute:
SAC #1 Minute - 30 April 2007
- Sub-Decree on the Designated Official Statistics
- Sub-Decree on the Organization and Functioning of the National Statistical System
Unofficial translation
NATION RELIGION KING
GENERAL PROVISION
Article 1 This Law governs all matters relating to collection, processing, compilation, analysis, publication and dissemination of statistical data and pertains to the whole Kingdom of Cambodia.
Article 2 The technical terms used in this Law shall have the following meaning:
"Statistics" are data obtained by collecting, processing, compiling, analyzing, publishing and disseminating results, gathered from respondents through statistical collections or from administrative data sources.
"National Statistics System" is integrated statistics data at national and local level and infrastructure, including all official statistical data and national statistical programs; statistical organizations and statistical units within ministries and institutions of the Royal Government; as well as their statistical staff and other infrastructure.
"Basic statistics" are official economic, environment and socio-demographic statistics that are cross sectoral in nature, national and sub-national, that are required by the Royal Government for policy and program formulation and evaluation, as well as for use by the wider Cambodian and international communities.
"Sectoral statistics" are statistics collected by ministries or institutions of the Royal Government for their internal needs and reporting purposes.
A "census" is a statistical collection of data on individuals, households, establishments or other organizational units where all units in the population are enumerated.
A "survey" is a scientific statistical collection of data on individuals, households, establishments or other organizational units where only a sample of units in the population are enumerated.
A "statistical officer" is an employee of the Royal Government who has the authority to engage in official statistical activities.
A "respondent" is an individual, household, company, establishment, government or non- government institution, or other organization, that has been selected in a census or a survey.
Data are information in the form of numbers.
"Designated official statistics" are statistics produced by Government organizations that are determined by the Royal Government to meet the statistical information requirements of policy-makers in formulating and evaluating economic and social policies and programs in addressing the socio-economic development and welfare of the nation, as well as the requirements of decision-makers and researchers in the wider Cambodian and international communities.
PRINCIPLES AND DIRECTIONS
Article 3 Statistical development is based on the principles of accuracy independence, objectivity, reliability, relevance and
timeliness.
Article 4 Statistical activities shall be guided by the following objectives:
Supporting the statistical data requirements of Royal Government policy-makers in formulating and evaluating economic and social policies and programs, in addressing the socio-economic development and welfare of the nation, as well as the requirements of decision-makers and researchers in the wider Cambodian and international communities.
Facilitating the development of an effective and efficient National Statistical System
Enhancing public awareness of the importance of the role and function of statistics in national development programs.
Encouraging the development of methodology and technology in statistical activities.
STATISTICAL DATA COLLECTION
Article 5 Statistical data are collected by:
a. Conducting censuses.
b. Conducting surveys.
c. Accessing government and non-government administrative data sources.
Article 6 Censuses as referred to in Article 5 (a) shall be conducted at least once every ten years. There are three categories of census.
a. Population census.
b. Agricultural census.
c. Establishment census.
These censuses shall be conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning in cooperation with relevant institutions.
Article 7 The Royal Government shall issue a Sub-Decree specifying the dates for conducting each of the three censuses within the ten-year period and may change the dates where it deems it necessary to do so.
Article 8 Intercensal surveys shall be conducted between censuses to facilitate annual updates of the benchmark census data in order to compile accurate and reliable economic and social statistics that meet the needs of government policy makers and other users.
Article 9 Sample Surveys, as referred to in Article 5(b), may be conducted periodically in order to produce accurate and reliable basic national statistics, as well as on an ad hoc basis in order to address any urgent statistical data needs of the Royal Government. For the purposes of conducting economic surveys, the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning will establish a register of businesses or population frame, to be updated and maintained on an annual basis.
Article 10 Statistics produced from administrative data sources, as referred to in Article 5 (c), shall be compiled using data recorded on administrative documents, forms and other records sourced from both Royal Government and non-government organizations. For the purposes of compiling statistics from administrative data sources, the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning will establish a directory of administrative and statistical data sources, to be updated and maintained on an annual basis.
Article 11 In the context of this Law, the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning is responsible for:
Collecting, processing, compiling, analyzing, publishing and disseminating basic data by conducting censuses and surveys, and utilizing administrative data sources.
Compiling national accounts and price indexes, as well as economic, environment and socio-demographic indicators.
Article 12 Ministries and institutions of the Royal Government shall collect sectoral data either independently or in cooperation with the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning by:
Conducting surveys.
Collection of statistical data on administrative records.
COORDINATION AND COOPERATION
Article 13 The National Institute of Statistics, under the Ministry of Planning, shall be responsible for making official statistical policies in establishing an integrated National Statistical System, encompassing all designated official statistics and statistical organizational units within ministries and institutions. The Royal Government shall issue a Sub-Decree on the operation of the National Statistical System and designated official statistics.
Article 14 In these tasks, the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning shall establish:
Coordination in activities of statistical development, including training, with the ministries and institutions of the Royal Government, and the private sector, at the national and sub-national level.
Cooperative arrangements in statistical activities with international organizations, other national statistical offices, and other private institutions in accordance with the prevailing legislation.
National statistical standards pertaining to classifications, concepts, definitions and statistical units, so as to avoid confusion on the part of data users and any duplication of official statistical data on the part of data producers.
Article 15 A "Statistics Advisory Council" shall be established to provide advice to the Ministry of Planning in facilitating the development of the National Statistical System. The composition, role and tasks of the Statistics Advisory Council shall be determined by Sub-Decree.
Article 16 A "Statistics Coordination Committee" shall be established to assist the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning in the technical coordination of the official statistics of the Royal Government. The composition, role and tasks of the Statistics Coordination Committee shall be determined by Sub-Decree.
Article 17 The National Institute of Statistics is the official national statistical institution and is the Directorate General within the portfolio of the Ministry of Planning, which has a number of Departments responsible for specific statistical activities.
The National Institute of Statisticsalsohas organizational units in the provinces, municipalities, districts, khans and in the communes and sangkats.
Article 18 Ministries and institutions of the Royal Government that are required to produce designated official statistics under this Law shall establish statistical units within their organizations for statistical purposes and submit the statistical data they produce to the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning.
PUBLICATION AND DISSEMINATION
Article 19 In order to address the statistical requirements of users:
a. The National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning, as well as statistical units in the ministries and other
institutions of the Royal Government shall publish and disseminate the statistical data they produce to all users.
b. The National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning shall publish a Statistical Yearbook, covering the main
aspects of socio-economic conditions in the country.
Article 20 All statistical data released by the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning are designated official statistics of the Royal Government.
Article 21 Articles 11 and 12 of this Law enable the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning, and statistical units in ministries and other institutions of the Royal Government to conduct statistical activities in order to obtain statistical information from respondents in order to produce designated official statistics.
Article 22 Staff and employees working in the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning and statistical units in ministries and other institutions of the Royal Government, as well as the designated statistical officers of these organizations shall ensure confidentiality of all individual information obtained from respondents, except under special circumstances with the consent of the Minister of Planning. The information collected under this Law is to be used only for statistical purposes.
Article 23 A statistical officer of the Ministry of Planning or any other ministry or institution of the Royal Government shall have the right to enter, with the consent of the owner or resident, for the purposes of statistical data collection:
a. A dwelling or place of residence, including a home or any part of any other premises that is separately occupied.
b. Any other premises.
Article 24 A designated statistical officer of the Ministry of Planning or any other ministry or institution of the Royal Government must present his or her letter of assignment and official identity card to respondents, and shall behave in a professional and polite manner in making suitable interviews, in accordance with local custom and public order.
Article 25 Respondents must provide accurate, complete and timely information to a designated statistical officer of the Ministry of Planning or any other ministry or institution of the Royal Government.
Article 26 Government employees and designated statistical officers of the National Institute of Statistics and statistical units in ministries or institutions of Royal Government who violate Article 22 of this Law will be subject to imprisonment for a period of 1 month (one month) to 6 months (six months) or a fine of 50,000 Riels ( fifty thousand Riels) to 200,000 Riels (two hundred thousand Riels), or both.
Article 27 Government employees and designated statistical officers of the National Institute of Statistics and statistical units in ministries or institutions of Royal Government who violate Article 23 of this Law will be subject to imprisonment for a period of 1 day (one day) to 6 days (six days) or a fine of 10,000 Riels ( ten thousand Riels) to 50,000 Riels (fifty thousand Riels), or both.
Article 28 For any respondent, who knowingly violates Article 25 of this Law, the following penalties shall apply:
Any individual, or the head of a household, will be subject to a fine of 10,000 Riels (ten thousand Riels) to 50,000 Riels (fifty thousand Riels).
Any manager, director or responsible employee in a company, establishment or any other organization, will be subject to imprisonment for a period of 1 month (one month) to 6 months (six months) or will be subject to a fine of 1,000,000 Riels (one million Riels) to 4,000,000 Riels (four million Riels), or both.
Article 29 Any individual who deliberately and without legal justification prevents or prohibits statistical activities conducted by the National Institute of Statistics, Ministries, or other government institutions under the provisions of this Law, will be subject to imprisonment for a period of 7 days (seven days) to 1 month (one month)or a fine of 600,000 Riels (six hundred thousand Riels) to 1,500,000 Riels (one million five hundred thousand Riels), or both.
FINAL PROVISION
Article 30 All existing provisions which are contrary to this Law shall be null and void.
Rebuilding and Strengthening Cambodian Statistical System in the last two decades
(SAN Sy Than, former DG of NIS)
I. Short History and Background
In the modern period statistical activities began when Cambodia was a French protectorate 1863-1953, however it was only in 1948 that a separate department titled the Statistics Department of Cambodia was formally established as a central statistics office. Since then, the Department has undergone many transformations due to political, economic and social circumstances. Its name, role and activities have changed from time to time. Between 1948 and 1953 it was titled the Statistics Department of Cambodia and from 1953 to 1963 it was named the Department of Statistics and Economic Study and from 1963 to 1975 it was known as the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Research under the Ministry of Planning. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Statistical System in Cambodia had been comparable to those that obtained in small developing economies.
The statistical system had deteriorated in the early 1970s and was dismantled in 1975-1979 in the Khmer Rouge Regime and it was re-established only in 1979. During this period the qualified statisticians and statistical cadres have either died or left the country. The Statistics work came to a complete stop in 1975 to 1979. After the Khmer Rouge Regime, the DOS restarted with new building with 21 young staff in 1979. Cambodia needs to rebuild everything from scratch.
From 1979 to 1981 DOS was under the Ministry of Finance and it was assigned to the Ministry of Planning (MOP) in 1981 under which it continued to function. Since 1979, Cambodia had adopted a decentralized statistical structure. The statistical programmes are administered and operated under the authority of separate government ministries, institutions. The statistical system is constituted of the Department of Statistics (DOS) as the central statistics office located under the Ministry of Planning(MOP), with statistical bureaus and sections within planning and statistics departments in ministries, and statistical bureaus in the planning offices/ services in the municipality, provinces, districts and khans.
The decentralized statistical units in ministries and departments collected and compiled statistics through periodic reports obtained from enterprises and institutions, and by processing administrative records. DOS was upgraded to NIS in 1994 and its staff strengthened and its functional responsibilities enlarged from one of compiling administrative data compiled by decentralized offices to one of collecting primary data through the development and implementation of household and establishment survey systems and conduct of census operations.
Cambodian Statistical System benefited from the projects on Statistical System Development in Cambodia financed by ADB and UNDP since 1992. This was the first Statistics project in Cambodia after Khmer Rouge. In 1992 when DOS started the first project of ADB and UNDP, its staff strength was around 40 staff at central level and 450 staff at sub-national level (provinces and districts). For the two years 2010 and 2011, the significant donors to NIS Cambodia are Japan (Government of Japan and JICA), SIDA and UNFPA. Other donors include UNICEF, USAID. UNSD provided active participation of NIS staff in international workshop, seminars and meetings. At the regional level, ESCAP and SIAP play important role in training of NIS staff. ASEAN will also strengthen ASEAN Framework of Cooperation in Statistics (2010-2015).
In Cambodia, according to the Statistics Law enacted in May 2005, the NIS is the Directorate General of the Ministry of Planning but the technical independence is ensured by statistical legislation. Functioning of the National Statistical System (NSS) has been fully effected in January 2007 by sub-decree on Organization and Functioning of NSS: The Statistics Advisory Council (SAC) and Statistical Coordination Committee (SCC) was established. The Statistics Master Plan (SMP) 2008-2015 was approved by SAC in April 2007. Cambodia participated in the GDDS of IMF since 2001. The Sub- decree on establishment of 3 new Departments of NIS, MOP in force on 11 June 2009. The Sub-decree on Economic Census 2011 in force on 26 August 2009. The Sub-decree on Designated Official Statistics in force on 19 July 2010. NIS has opened policies, NIS website launched in December 2000 and expanded from time to time. NIS disseminates its products to users in various forms including on line dissemination especially 2008 population census and through Data Users Service Center (DUSC), opened to public and mobile teams for dissemination of important products ( censuses, CDHS, CAMInfo) to provinces.
II. Achievements of NIS in the past two decades
Cambodia statistical infrastructure and capacity were very weak in the early 1990s after 2 decades of war and internal strife. Starting from 1992, the quality and coverage of economic and socio-demographic statistics have gradually improved. A significant number of donor-led data collection and compilation activities have been undertaken since the country was opened in 1992. Development partners provided significant support to Royal Government of Cambodia enable NIS to rebuild and strengthen Statistics in Cambodia to achieve good results.
The ADB, after a decade of technical assistance, discontinued its support in 2003. The collection of prices in five provinces for the CPI (Consumer Price Index) was started with assistance from ADB but NIS continued to collect these data by Government budget. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have provided extensive support on capacity building and data collections for macro economic and industrial statistics. The Cambodia Socio-Economic Surveys of Cambodia were conducted in 1993/1994 and 1996 with ADB assistance, and in 1997, 1999, and in 2003/04 with UNDP/SiDA funding and World Bank execution. Establishment surveys were carried out in 1993, 1995 and 2000 with support received from ADB. Since ADB ended the assistance, JICA assisted in this area starting from establishment listing in Phnom Penh , then expanded to major provinces and the whole country later on.
In January 2001, Cambodia adopted the General Data Dissemination Standards (GDDS) framework on core economic and social statistics, and has commenced implementation of these standards, in order to expand and improve these statistics.
JICA project "Improving Official Statistics in Cambodia started in August 2005 and focused in Phase 1 (August 2005-March 2007) on providing training to about 600 statistical personnel of NIS, line ministries and provinces. Phase 2 ( from April 2007 to March 2008) mainly assisted in the preparation of the General Population Census of Cambodia 2008, which was successfully conducted on 3 March 2008. The Government of Japan provided one new building to NIS in 2008. In the same period, the technical assistance was also provided for the establishment survey and 2009 nation-wide establishment listing. With the support of UNFPA and JICA, the NIS has completed dissemination of final results at both national and provincial level, prepared provincial reports (24 provinces), in dept analysis reports (14 topics) and conducted national and regional trainings on the population database. Phase 2 is scheduled to terminate in the end of September 2010 and Phase 3 will continue until 2015.
The SIDA project started in 2006 and lasted 3 years for the first phase. It focused on continuous households survey, IT strengthening and subject matter analyses. The results will be used greatly for the national accounts and monitoring the NSDP. SiDA project phase 2 (2009-2011) supported annual Socio-Economic Survey and the CSES 2009- a large scale survey round every five years was successfully conducted and will be released at World Statistics Day 20-10-2010. SiDA project supports also on the areas of coordination, human resource development, developing statistical standards and methodologies, writing statistical subject matter reports, strengthening capacity in specific areas: CPI, household income and expenditure and national accounts, NIS website, database development and use SuperCross as a tool for data analysis of CSES.
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) provided primary support for the 1996 Demographic Survey, the 1998 Population Census, the 2000 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS), the 2004 CIPS and the 2008 Population Census together with JICA, Government of Japan and German Government. The UNFPA, sharing with JICA, supported to the population census 2008 in-dept analyses and dissemination of population database and in-dept analysis reports.
USAID, UNFPA, UNICEF, DFID/ADB and CDC/GAP financed rounds of the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS) in 2000 and 2005. The CDHS 2010 is being supported by UNFPA, USAID, UNICEF and JICA. CDHS is implemented with cooperation between NIS/MOP and MoH.
CAMInfo was used to disseminate data and to monitor the progress of CMDG since 2003 and is supported by UNICEF.
III. Some prerequisites of Statistics
A. Legal and Institutional Environment
The Statistics Law was enacted in May 2005, the two Sub-decree on Organization and Functioning of the National Statistical System and Sub-decree on designated official statistics are now in force so that the legislation is fully enforced especially for the coordination of the NSS. The Sub- decree on establishment of 3 new Departments of NIS, MOP in force on 11 June 2009. It is the basis for the present reorganization of NIS. This will allow NIS more power and responsibility to do more analyses e.g. poverty analyses, to strengthen national accounts and prices as well as statistical methodology. The Sub-decree on Economic Census 2011 in force on 26 August 2009 is the necessary legislation to conduct the Economic Census.
Policies on dissemination has been strengthened to serve the users especially those who involved directly in the preparation and monitoring of NSDP and Cambodian MDG. Efforts have been made relating to implementation of legislation in terms of ensuring data confidentiality and greater cooperation from survey respondents. In Cambodia, the response rates from the household surveys are high: more than 95% and for establishment survey in 2010 for big establishments only 78% and for small and medium establishments almost 100%. These rates for establishments have increased after the enforcement of statistics legislation in 2005. The online dissemination for important products of the 2008 population census (Win R+) using CELADE and CAMInfo received support from users inside and outside the country.
The Statistics Advisory Council (SAC) had only 2 meetings especially to approve the Statistics Master Plan (SMP). The next meeting of SAC (Senior Minister of Planning is Chairman of SAC with Secretaries of State of line ministries, members) will invite also donors to discuss the funding of designated official statistics of the whole Government. The Statistics Coordination Committee (SCC) had 5 meetings especially to prepare SMP and to discuss the implementation of sub-decree on designated official statistics. The next meeting of SCC will discuss, among other things, the inventory of existing surveys including costing to submit to the Government as well as templates that designated statistics units must send data and metadata to NIS. In the long run, the Statistics Clearing House has to be established. In this sense, the Statistical System of Cambodia is moving to a partly centralized system.
B. Resources
The staff level of NIS central has increased considerably to 310 staff at central level and reduced to 315 at the local offices. The salaries of statistical staff have increased by 20% every year since 2004. In addition, staff working in cooperation projects with development partners can receive priority operating costs ranging from 150US$ to 300US$ from respective donors. Besides, there have been significant increases in TA and financing provided to NIS by Government of Japan, JICA, UNFPA, SIDA Sweden, UNICEF, USAID and other donors described above. As mentioned in Statistics Master Plan 2008-2015 the financing from the RGC will be significant, if not fully, in 2015.
The Statistical Master Plan (SMP) sets out a longer term, prioritized plan for Cambodia's national statistical system (NSS). It covers the whole of the NSS including the National Institute of Statistics (NIS), statistical units in line ministries and the National Bank of Cambodia. The Statistical Master Plan provides the strategic long term view and longer term financing plan needed for planning statistical activities. NIS need to do mid-term review of the SMP late 2011.
The number of staff has increased particularly at central level and the budget has reached 6 million US$ in 2010 ( 2011 is the Economic Census year).The Government budget for NIS increased from 0.25 million US$ in 1999 to 2.1 million US$ in 2010 (including local offices, statistical bureaus) . Donors budget for NIS increased from 0.7 million US$ to 4.0 million US$ including consultancies during the same period. The NIS has a total staff strength of 310 at central level and 315 staff at local offices ( provinces and districts) in 2010.
IV. Challenges
1. The financing of statistical activities still relied significantly on external sources, especially for the operations of censuses and big surveys. However, the Government has increased the funding for statistics for the recent years at a higher rates especially to increase staff levels, salaries and infrastructure (cars, buildings at local offices, computers for central and local level, etc.).
2. The strengthening of local offices is necessary to serve the requirements of statistical data at sub-national level. Our local offices are weak after the shift from centrally planned economy to the free market economy. NIS/MOP still have many statistical staff at the local offices but they need more statistical work, training and equipment to be enable to work in new environment. The Phase 3 of JICA project will address these issues.
3. Agricultural census: Cambodia has conducted successfully the population censuses in 1998 and 2008. We will conduct economic census in 2011. We have plan to conduct agriculture census in 2012, but no commitment of funding yet. However, the Government has plan to strengthen agriculture sector, especially to promote rice export in the future since we have potential in this sector. Hence, the agriculture census will be realistics in the near future.
V. Lessons learnt
- The policies "outward look policies" were successful in case of Cambodia for rebuilding the statistical capacity because of the openness of the statistical system which allow consultants do first in very sophisticated statistical methods and then the transfer of knowledge took place.
- Improving the integration of National Statistical System in the region and in the world by participating actively in international workshops, meetings, study tours overseas and in various short term, medium term and long term training. The knowledge creation occurred subsequently.
- The strengthening of statistical legislation as statistical prerequisites works well.
- Increase the credibility of NIS, improve the quality of official statistics released.
- Increase the commitment of Government in financing the statistical capacity.
- The most efficient and organized way to develop the National Statistical System is the implementation of Statistics Master Plan.
- Using population census to strengthen further the National Statistical System.
VI. Future directions
The Sub-decree on Designated Official Statistics need to be implemented fully and without delay. This sub-decree allows also create new designated statistics units as necessary by Sub-decree. As example of this, a Sub-decree on collection and compilation of labour market information is now in force.
A number of statistics units do not have adequate staffing levels to effectively coordinate, collect, compile, analyze and disseminate statistics. Some ministries do not have adequate number of trained statistical staff. Staffing levels need to be improved in order to handle ongoing statistical activities and to develop the outputs to meet priority emerging needs. We need to strengthen statistical coordination through Statistical Advisory Council (SAC), Statistics Coordination Committee (SCC), Statistical technical Working Group (STWG) and SMP and continue regular meetings of SCC and SAC.
Developing and implementing an improving national data dissemination policies for official statistics is another high priority project. UNSD will start project on dissemination of national development indicators.
CAMInfo need to be continued and strengthened with the support of UNICEF.
There is also considerable scope to improve buildings, equipment, facilities, and technology infrastructure, especially for NIS provincial and district offices and in establishing new RGC statistics units. Office space for statistics units need to be improved to provide good physical security and there are needs to be fully protected computer facilities and procedures. Office furniture and equipment (desks, chairs, filing cabinets, computers and related equipment, software, telephones, etc.) need to be adequate to perform required statistical tasks.
Improving institutional capacity development at local offices is one of the target of future JICA project. Preparation with JICA for Economic Census 2011 is underway. Phase 3 of the project will start from October1, 2010 to March 31, 2015 and will support the Economic Census 2011, improving capacity of statistical staff in NIS and provincial planning departments to analyze population census and economic census e.g. small area statistics as well as to conduct inter-censal population survey, economic survey and other statistical activities.
SIDA project will continue annual Cambodia Socio Economic Survey (CSES), strengthen subject matter analysis, statistical methodology, human resource development, English training and statistical coordination through Statistics Coordination Committee and towards an establishment of clearing house in the long term.
UNFPA will assist, among other things, in the next inter-censal population survey 2013 with JICA and the CDHS 2015 together with other donors.
The EU Delegation to Cambodia will provide technical assistance to some statistical activities mentioned in the SMP starting from statistics derived from administrative data sources and finalization of Cambodia Standard Industrial Classification.
WB will provide technical assistance for 3 years together with SCB (Statistics Sweden) on the area of poverty analyses (methods and techniques used to measure poverty, poverty upgrades) documentation and international exposure.
NIS needs to mobilize resources for agriculture census 2012. It urgently needs to conduct agriculture census in line with the priority of the Royal Government to boost rice export. Also the censuses (Establishment Census and Agriculture Census) are critical as they have never been conducted in Cambodia, and this lack of benchmark data has significant implications for the accuracy of GDP levels estimates in current prices. Similarly, the lack of producer and trade price indices brings into question the quality of GDP constant price estimates.
These are mentioned in the Sub-decree on designated official statistics that we need to implement in the future.
The NIS was moving from a decentralized statistical system to a partly centralized statistical system by conducting all censuses and important, basic statistical surveys. In the Sub- decree on designated official statistics the workload of NIS is significant and a clearing house of statistical activities is ultimately planned for the long term.
1.R.B.M. Korale - Proposals for Restructuring the Statistical System of Cambodia, 1993.
2.Tomas Africa- Proposed Reorganization of the Statistical System of Cambodia, 1993.
3. Zia Abbasi- Report on Statistical Capacity Building for Cambodia's Official Statistics, July 2002.
4. Zia Abbasi - Report of the multisector statistics advisor ( November 11, 2001- November 10, 2003), IMF, Statistics Department, December 2003.
5. Zia Abbasi - Report on the multisector Statistics Assignment ( November 23, 2004- January 10, 2008), IMF, Statistics Department, February 29, 2008.


Do you live in Frostproof?
Frostproof is a city in Polk County, Florida. The city is located in southern Polk County on the Lake Wales Ridge. The population was 2,975 at the 2000 census. As of 2004, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau is 2,954. It is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Motto: "The Friendly City "


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"Duke" It Out with Duke's Chowder House at First Annual VIP Long Live The Kings Salmon Fishing Derby
The Greater Seattle area continues to benefit from the charity of Duke's Chowder House. Duke Moscrip expands efforts to support sustainable seafood, with the help of Long Live the Kings (LLTK) and Nootka Marine Adventures for the First Annual Salmon VIP Fishing Derby.
Long Live The Kings - Annual Fishing Derby
Participants enjoy world-class fishing and luxury accommodations while competing against LLTK's most generous supporters for more than $25,000 in prizes.
BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA (PRWEB) June 13, 2016
Duke's Chowder House, a chain of family-owned sustainable seafood restaurants in the Seattle area, joins Long Live the Kings, (LLTK), a nonprofit committed to recovering wild salmon and steelhead in the Pacific Northwest, in presenting the First Annual VIP Salmon Fishing Derby. The Derby will run from June 18-21, 2016 on British Columbia's beautiful Esperanza Inlet, hosted by Nootka Marine Adventures at the new Newton Cove Resort, exclusive fishing lodge on Vancouver Island.
To enter, competitors pay $5,000 plus transport costs. $2,500 of the $5,000 goes directly to benefit LLTK. In return, Duke guarantees chowder for one year at any of the six Duke's Chowder House locations (valued at $10,000 when chowder is eaten twice per day). Included with entry is a copy of the official Duke's Chowder House cookbook, "As Wild As It Gets . . . Duke's Secret Sustainable Seafood Recipes."
The Derby's goal is to fund the work of LLTK, namely, figure out why juvenile salmon and steelhead are dying and how to multiply and recover endangered salmon and steelhead populations in the Salish Sea and the Pacific Northwest.
Participants enjoy world-class fishing and luxury accommodations while competing against LLTK's most generous supporters for more than $25,000 in prizes. Moreover, the Derby presents a splendid opportunity: Washington's most influential environmentalists will become better acquainted, experience fantastic fishing in an iconic northwest setting, and to reassert a life-long commitment to salmon and steelhead restoration.
The Derby is limited to 40 fishers.
For more information on Duke's Chowder House, visit http://www.dukeschowderhouse.com/.
For derby details, contact Daniel Poppe: (206) 382-9555 x21, or dpoppe(AT)lltk.org.
Can't attend? Donate here!
About Duke's Chowderhouse
Duke's Chowder House is a family owned and operated enterprise with six different locations throughout the Puget Sound region. Renowned for its Award Winning Clam Chowder, Duke's menu is filled with delectable seafood dishes crafted by Duke and Duke's very own Executive Chef "Wild" Bill Ranniger–a proclaimed culinary genius in the region. Founder and Owner Duke Moscrip – together with his son and partner John Moscrip – continue their passionate journey to source all wild, natural, healthy and fresh tasting ingredients. Duke's food is free of hormones, antibiotics and harmful chemicals. Duke's is an upscale, casual Pacific NW seafood concept offering signature, flavorful, 100% sustainable wild seafood, Award Winning Chowder and grass fed burgers. Guests sum up their favorable assessment of what Duke's Chowder House has to offer with three words: "It's sooo good!" Duke's is honored to have received the highest seafood restaurant rating in the State of Washington by Fish2Fork, a leading evaluator of worldwide seafood restaurants, garnering a 4.5 out of 5 (no higher rating in the world). Duke's is equally honored to be among the first restaurants in Seattle to be recognized with a 100 percent volume compliance sustainable seafood rating from Smart Catch, a program designed to promote sustainability and raise consumer awareness regarding sustainable seafood options. Learn more and join Duke's VIP club at http://www.dukeschowderhouse.com/email-club/.
About Long Live the Kings
Long Live the Kings (LLTK) is a public 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization committed to restoring wild salmon and steelhead to the waters of the Pacific Northwest. LLTK pursues projects and partnerships that compel coordinated, scientifically-credible, and transparent changes to harvest, hatchery, and habitat management to protect and restore wild salmon using innovative tools, proven processes, and a track record of success to each of our projects. With non-government partners, LLTK builds new and necessary constituencies and support for change. For more information, visit http://www.lltk.org/.
About Nootka Marine Adventures
Nootka Marine Adventures is designed to serve all the aquatic needs of everyone; from families with kids to multi-national corporations with VIP's to reward. Newton Cove Resort is one of three all-inclusive fishing resorts that surround three-quarters of Nootka Island, part of Nootka Sound. For more information, visit http://www.nootkamarineadventures.com/.
Tina Carey
Duke's Chowder House
Newton Cove Resort Fishers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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War: The Human Mousetrap
Bryn Glover
Review: Women War Artists
Amanda Phipps
Review: Hamlet at the Globe
Jade Eva
Christabel Samuel
Review: The Crucible at The Old Vic
Caroline Arvensis
Arts, Theatre
"You are tearing down heaven and raising up a whore."
So reads one of the more memorable lines of The Crucible, and this reflects the atmosphere created by the current interpretation of Arthur Miller's most allegorical play at the Old Vic.
A tale of judge, jury and executioner, The Crucible has long been known as a partly-fictional account of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, and as a reflection of the rampant McCarthyism of the early 1950s. Now, more than ever, I believe Arthur Miller's words are allegorical again.
The unblinkered and almost repulsive belief in 'justice' shown by Jack Ellis as Judge Danforth would put the fear of God into animals. No stone is left unturned in Danforth's unfaltering need for justice, and no life is spared. Justice and mercy make strange bedfellows, and this is a theme oft repeated by this interpretation.
…that brings to mind the modern anti-hero…
There's something about Richard Armitage's John Proctor that brings to mind the modern anti-hero. Be it Heathcliff or Angel Clare, Richard Armitage would stand tall amongst the greats in his Stanislavskian telling of his downfall.
There's dramatic irony (and pathos) in William Gaunt's depiction of Giles, who, for the opening half of the play takes on the 'fool' role. It doesn't take an astrophysicist to realise that Giles is no fool, but the crushing inevitability of his fate, as sealed by Judge Danforth, again casts light on the horror of persecution. Giles' crime? He would not testify for or against his wife. His fate? Death by heavy slabs. His final words? "More weight".
I thought back to other stories, where, arguably, "justice" has been served at the cost of mercy. A critic once remarked that Tess of the D'Urbervilles evoked "the energy of traditional ways and the strength of the forces that are destroying them". Never was that so true but for The Crucible.
…it would have been interesting to see John Proctor end the play on the gallows…
But who could forget the epitome of literary judicial pathos, that of A Tale of Two Cities. If Yaël Farber had perhaps been less reliant on the original script (it was almost verbatim), it would have been interesting to see John Proctor end the play on the gallows with the following:
'It is a far far better thing I do, than I have ever done. It is a far far better rest I go to than I have ever known'.
I'll leave you to decide how this enduring play remains a parable for our time."
The Crucible at the Old Vic is running until Sept 13
Tickets: £10, £16, £21, £30, £45, £55
Performace93%
Staging92%
Value for money90%
92%Overall Score
Arthur MillerLondonReviewRichard ArmitageThe CrucibleThe Old VicTheatre
3 Great Careers For You After Studying Computing Courses
The Future of Technology: Shell Ideas360
London: Up At The O2
Music Review: Tears for fears
Jessica Thorne
Looking for a career in the IT sector?


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Unibet Review (incl. Rakeback) 2023
Home » Poker Sites » Unibet Review (incl. Rakeback) 2023
Unibet Review (incl. Rakeback) 2023Daniel Berger2023-01-23T15:39:24+01:00
Visit Unibet
€200 First Deposit Bonus
YourPokerDream VIP Deals
HexaPro Sit & Go (Spins)
26.000€ Affiliate Race
Unibet Lobby
General information about Unibet 2023
Founded in 1997, Unibet initially entered the online gambling market as a pure bookmaker, expanding its portfolio over time to include online casino and poker rooms. Previously part of the Microgaming network, the company decided to go independent, which has proved to be a great success. Unibet Group Plc. is on the Stockholm Stock Exchange and is licensed by the Lotteries and Gaming Authority Malta. They're trusted by more than 8 million customers.
At a time when casual gamers were alienated by the use of tracking software and HUDs by so-called "grinders", Unibet revitalized the online poker scene with a structure that discouraged such tools by introducing beautiful graphics and other modules.
Unibet's software reflects exactly this business model and everything runs smoothly and intuitively. There are even three ways to play on it: on the non-download version in your computer's browser, on the Unibet Poker download software client, or on the iOS / Apple and Android compatible Unibet Poker app. With all three options, you will notice that the functions are almost identical.
What makes Unibet so unique and what games they offer?
The site's focus on the simplicity of things extends to their game choices. In contrast to other providers, Unibet only offers the two most popular variants, Texas No Limit Hold'em and Pot Limit Omaha, both in tournament and cash game format. This may seem like a small selection, but the site offers enough challenges and other special features to keep the game fun.
The SNG tournaments and especially the Hexa Pro SNG (spins), where you can always find enough players at the tables, are very popular at Unibet.
It is also interesting that at Unibet you can change your own player nickname up to 3 times a day so that other players cannot collect any information about you.
Who can play at Unibet?
Players from almost all countries are welcome to play Poker at Unibet and their site is available in 16 different languages.
Excluded countries at Unibet: Afghanistan, Angola, Bulgaria, Bahamas, Botswana, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Algeria, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, Faroe Islands, France, French Guiana, Ghana, Greenland, Guadeloupe, Greece, Guam, Guinea-Bissau, Hong Kong, Haiti, Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Sri Lanka, Libya, Saint Martin (French part), Myanmar, Martinique, Mexico, Philippines, Pakistan, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Réunion, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Singapore, Slovenia, Somalia, South Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Thailand. Turkey, Trinidad and Tobago, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, US Virgin Islands, Yemen, Zimbabwe, American Samoa, Congo, Cambodia, Panama, Samoa, Brazil, Switzerland, Mongolia
Unibet uses some of the best software in the online poker industry, and very much with the players in mind. There are some great features, such as the facility to change your player alias up to three times per day in order to stay ahead of opponents keeping notes. This option also renders add-on features such as heads-up displays of no use.
Unibet also has Fast Hold'em (usually referred to as 'Fast-fold' poker), while another important feature is that players can monitor their performance with Unibet's in-game statistics. It's a good sign when online poker rooms provide their own tools, as this relatively recent approach means that recreational players and those who don't wish to invest in what can be expensive software can also take a closer look at their game.
Unibet software works on Windows, Mac and mobile devices, and they also have a browser operating system which means you don't have to download their software to begin playing – all very user-friendly which, nowadays, is how things should be.
Player pool (skill level)
Due to Unibet's rapid growth, there's healthy action across practically all stakes and game formats.
Traffic in NLH is good – for example, at peak times it's not unusual to find as many as 15 NL50 tables running, as well as action up to NL400. The level of activity for PLO games is lower than for NLH, but you'll have no problem finding games at the lower stakes.
As was mentioned earlier, Unibet is one of the online poker rooms making a stand against – including prohibiting – any kind of additional software. This tends to scare off pros whose strategy revolves around the use of such data/playing aids. Not surprisingly, the result is that Unibet's player pool consists in the main of players with levels of experience and, in turn, skill, that are below what we tend to expect. Note that this is accentuated by the number of players who have crossed over from Unibet's sports betting and casino platforms.
It's worth noting that short-handed tables and turbo-games can be wild at Unibet, with viewed-flop percentages upwards of 55%, for example. Another statistic for those traditional full-ring table players who appreciate such things is that the average viewed flop percentage for full-ring tables is under 40%.
We highly recommend Unibet, especially for new and inexperienced players
Unibet Tournaments
Unibet caters very well for small-stakes poker fans, with many player-friendly tournaments, the emphasis being on affordable buy-ins and rebuys. Additionally, Unibet Poker runs $150,000 guaranteed events every week, plus a monthly $250,000 special.
It is also important to note that Unibet Poker offers periodic qualifiers to big money live events around the globe.
Unibet Promotions and Rakeback
Unibet Poker's welcome packages are indeed proper packages, with numerous elements, and are a great way for players to get started. Offers range from 100% to 200%, and are particularly interesting for new players.
Here is an overview of the bonus packages available for players with smaller bankrolls:
Make €2 in rake to receive €1 of your bonus
Reach €10 in rake to receive a further €4 of the bonus
€50 in rake earns €15
€150 in rake earns €40
Reach €588 in rake to unlock the remaining €140
All new players who make their first deposit will also receive also 5 x $500 Freeroll Tickets!
Every month there are promotions such as Rake Races and others that make playing at the tables even more attractive. Unibet Poker also hosts numerous Freeroll tournaments around the clock to help you boost your bankroll.
YourPokerDream Rakeback
Rakeback at Unibet is paid in the form of loyalty points. You have to reach different milestones and collect points, which in turn earn cash and tournament tickets. You rack up 100 Loyalty Points for every €1 in rake generated. The more you play, the higher your rewards.
As always, YourPokerDream offers juicy extra rakeback for players as well as exclusive VIP Deals. If you are interested in such an arrangement, please contact us:
Discord: YourPokerDream.com#4572
At the moment we have an exclusive 28.000€ Affiliate Rake Race at Unibet!
Take a look at the table below to get more information about rakeback at Unibet:
Play now at Unibet with a YourPokerDream VIP Deal
Points Avg rake Prize Value Prize Value Total RB%
1,000 10 1 2 20.00%
6,000 60 0 14 23.33%
10,000 100 5 24 24.00%
85,000 850 12 96 11.29%
125,000 1,250 20 136 10.88%
250,000 2,500 100 361 14.44%
600,000 6,000 250 1,286 21.43%
1,000,000 10,000 550 2,786 27.86%
1,500,000 15,000 1,400 7,186 47.91%
3,000,000 30,000 3,000 15,936 53.12%
10,000,000 100,000 6,500 60,936 60.94%
Hexapro Sit & Go (Spin & Go)
Like other online poker rooms, Unibet offer their own version of the Spin & Go/Jackpot Sit & Go format, namely their Hexapro Sit & Go. Select from seven buy-in levels and play for payouts up to 1,000 times your stake. To add extra excitement, you don't find out what the prize multiplier is in these thrilling 3-player games until just before the action gets underway.
If you are looking for maximum action and prefer to play against casual players, take a look the Hexapro Sit & Go games at Unibet!
Prizes and probabilities
Hexapro €1
Hexapro €10
Hexapro €100
€1,000 €2,000 €5,000 €10,000 €25,000 €50,000 €100,000 1 in 100,000
€100 €200 €500 €1,000 €2,500 €5,000 €10,000 5 in 100,000
€25 €50 €125 €250 €625 €1,250 €2,500 100 in 100,000
€10 €20 €50 €100 €250 €500 €1,000 4600 in 100,000
€5 €10 €25 €50 €125 €250 €500 14,000 in 100,000
€3 €6 €15 €30 €75 €150 €300 25,000 in 100,000
€1.50 €3 €7.50 €15 €37.50 €75 €150 56,294 in 100,000
Unibet Freerolls
Part of what makes Unibet unique is that it offers free money when you sign up. Additionally, Unibet provides daily scheduled Freerolls for new players.
While the prize pools aren't large, these are nevertheless regular opportunities for players to add to their bankroll without having to invest a penny in buy-ins.
Unibet's Customer Service is very fast and professional, and can be reached 24/7 via Live Chat, Email or Telephone.
Deposit and Withdrawal Methods
All common deposit and withdrawal methods, such as Mastercard, Visa, Paypal, Neteller, Skrill and many more are accepted. Payments are usually processed within 24 hours, and the fastest withdrawal method is through the e-wallet providers Neteller or Skrill.
FAQ Unibet
Is Unibet a safe place to play Poker?
Unibet has been in business for many years and is one of the top poker sites around. Listed on the Swedish Stock Exchange, this provider offers a very high level of security and is a perfect place to play poker.
When will I find the most players online?
The traffic is so healthy at Unibet that you will in fact find action 24/7, with Cash Games in particular being very busy. However, given that much of the player pool consists of those living in Europe, it follows that evening/night time in Europe is when the tables at Unibet are at their busiest.
What are the advantages of playing at Unibet?
Perhaps the most attractive element of Unibet's offering for the vast majority of poker fans is that the focus is mainly on casual players. Of course, with so many players generally, there are some dedicated, experienced grinders and professionals in the mix, but not in the same numbers one would expect to find at numerous other poker sites. With this in mind, recreational 'hobbyists' will enjoy the overall level playing field at Unibet, although this, in turn, might also be a worthy hunting ground for the more experienced players looking to exploit their edge.
Can I play at Unibet from the UK?
Can I have multiple accounts at Unibet?
No, this is not allowed! Indeed, if you try to open a second account, your account will be blocked and any funds in it confiscated (you've been warned!).
Does Unibet offer any Rakeback deals?
There are no special flat rakeback deals, but there is a very lucrative VIP system which can generate up to 65% rakeback. In addition, there are many great rake races and user-friendly promotions for players to take advantage of.
Can I play from my mobile phone or tablet?
Yes! As well as their standard desktop version, Unibet also offer an app for both Android and iOS mobile phones, so even when you're out and about you can take a seat at the virtual tables and compete with players from all over the world. Being able to paly while on the go is an important part of modern online poker, and Unibet makes sure that their players can always have access to the action, wherever they are.
May I use a HUD and other software tools while playing at Unibet?
No. The use of a HUD or other software tools that help players make decisions at the tables or provide statistics is not allowed at Unibet. Indeed, this leveling of the playing field by denying certain players what is deemed an unfair edge is one of the reasons why Unibet's player base is in the main populated by more recreational players than most other poker sites. As a consequence, Unibet has arguably one of the softest player pool's you could find.
What payment options are available?
You will find many payment options at Unibet. Mastercard, Visa, bank transfer, Neteller, Skrill and numerous other e-wallet providers offer plenty of choice as to how you can deposit and withdraw funds safely and securely.
Does Unibet offer cryptocurrencies as a payment option?
No – at the present time there is no possibility to deposit/withdraw using cryptocurrencies.
Is the Unibet poker room suitable for beginners?
Yes – absolutely! Unibet is known for a large part of its player pool being made up of casual players, one of the aims of its 'everyman' approach being to help newcomers and inexperienced poker fans not feel intimidated or out of their depth as they progress through the initial stages of their poker quest.
Listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, and boasting an EU license, Unibet offers a safe and fair online poker environment. The software is excellent and the player pool has a large proportion of recreational/inexperienced players.
Unibet is definitely one of our favourite poker rooms. With the exclusive rakeback offers and promotions available by joining via YourPokerDream it's a no-brainer to get signed up, and you – and your bankroll – will be happy that you did!
How do I sign up to Unibet via YourPokerDream?
Please follow the steps outlined here to make sure that you sign up correctly via YourPokerDream in order to take advantage of the numerous exclusive benefits such as extra rakeback, promotions, rake races, freeroll tournaments and much more. We can guarantee this only if you register correctly, and if your player account is linked to YourPokerDream.
Step 1: Delete Your Web Browser Cookies (Important)
Step 2: Click on the 'Visit Unibet' button and you will be redirected straight to the main page of Unibet. In the top right corner you will find the "REGISTER" button
Step3: Simply follow the steps and at the end click on 'create my account'.
Step4: After you've successfully signed up for Unibet Poker, all you have to do is log in to your YourPokerDream account and enter your chosen Unibet username, then click 'save changes'… From this point on, everything will run automatically and you can benefit from all the exclusive offers from YourPokerDream as well as the standard offers from Unibet.
If you have not yet created a free YPD account, please click HERE.
Top 5 Cheap Poker Tournaments on Unibet Poker
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Unibet Poker Announces Online Series XV with Over €600,000 in Prizes
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Exclusive €25,800 Unibet Rake Race in February 2022
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Unibet Poker January 2022 Promotions
Sign Up Instructions
1. Sign Up at Unibet below (Click to the Sign Up Button below) Please delete the cookies of your web browser before you klick to the link, to make sure that your account will be taged correctly and that you can enjoy your exclusive promotions and rakeback deals.
2. Create a user account at YPD -HERE- and include your Unibet Username
3. As soon as your account is confirmed you will receive extra cash/rakeback and get access to all our exclusive promotions
Sign Up and Get Your VIP Deal now


text:
Gurrelieder (Canções de Gurre) é um ciclo de canções composto por Arnold Schönberg (1874-1951) no início da sua carreira. Exige monumental esforço para a sua execução, por isso a sua interpretação é pouco frequente.

Baseado em textos do poeta dinamarquês Jens Peter Jacobsen e traduzido para alemão por Robert Franz Arnold, este oratório com canções para cinco vozes, narrador, coros e orquestra foi composto no primeiro estilo do compositor, antes do dodecafonismo e foi fortemente influenciado por Wagner e Mahler.

A primeira parte foi terminada em 1901 e a segunda em 1911, ambas diferem completamente em estilo mostrando a evolução de Schönberg para a dodecafonia.

Franz Schreker estreou-o em Viena em 1913 e Leopold Stokowski fez o primeiro registo integral em 1932.

Discografia de referência

 Jeanette Vreeland; Rose Bampton, Paul Althouse, Abrasha Robovsky; Benjamin De Loache Leopold Stokowski, Philadelphia Orchestra, 1932

 Ferry Grüber, Morris Gesell, Richard Lewis, Nell Tangeman, John Riley, René Leibowitz Paris New Symphony Society Orchestra, 1953

 Martina Arroyo, Janet Baker, Alexander Young, Janos Ferencsik, Danish State Radio Symphony Orchestra, Danish Radio C, 1959

 Inge Borkh, Hertha Töpper, Lorenz Fehenberger, Kieth Engen, Lorenz Fiedler, Rafael Kubelík , Orquestra Sinfónica da Rádio da Baviera, 1965

 Marita Napier , Yvonne Minton, Kenneth Bowen, Jess Thomas, Siegmund Nimsgern, Pierre Boulez, London Ph, BBC Choral

 Jessye Norman, Tatiana Troyanos, Werner Klemperer, James McCracken, Seiji Ozawa, Tanglewood Chorus, Boston Symphony Orchestra

 Susan Dunn, Brigitte Fassbaender, Siegfried Jerusalem, Hermann Becht, Hans Hotter, Riccardo Chailly, Berlin Radio Symph. O.

 Eva Marton, Florence Quivar, Gary Lakes, Hans Hotter, Jon Garrison, John Cheek, Zubin Mehta, New York Philharmonic, 1991

 Sharon Sweet, Marjana Lipovsek, Siegfried Jerusalem, Claudio Abbado, A. Schönberg Ch, Slovak Phil Chor, Vienna State Op Chor, VPO

 Deborah Voigt, Jennifer Larmore, Thomas Moser, Bernd Weikl, Kenneth Riegel, K.M.Brandauer, Giuseppe Sinopoli, Dresden Staastkapelle, 1996

 Karita Mattila, Anne Sofie von Otter, Thomas Moser, Philip Langridge, Thomas Quasthoff, Simon Rattle,Berlin Philharmonic, Ernst Senff Choir

 Melanie Diener, Stephen O'Mara, Jennifer Lane, David Wilson-Johnson, Martyn Hill, Ernst Haefliger, Robert Craft, Philharmonia Orchestra,

 Melanie Diener, Charlotte Hellekant, Nikolai Schukoff, Francisco Vas, José Antonio López, Barbara Sukowa, Josep Pons, Jovem Orquestra Nacional de Espanha e Catalunha, Cor Lieder Càmera,  Cor Madrigal, Orfeão Catalão, Polifónica de Puig-reig 2008 DVD - Deutsche Grammophon

Ligações externas

 Texto dos Gurre Lieder (em alemão e espanhol)

Composições de Arnold Schönberg
Ciclos de canções

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


This year we have decided to let go of our online booking agent. So please note that a phone call or an email is a very acceptable way of discussing your needs. We have chosen three of our rooms and made them a two night minimum, this helps us from raising our rates this year. Call us at 360-452-4933 we would be happy to work with you.
Plus booking direct may just get you a discount for 2 or more nights.
This charming room with a Queen Sleigh bed. Is one of our rooms that is available for one night stays. Private Entrance with Private bath. Nice sitting area outside in shade in the late afternoon. This room also has In room coffee, refrigerator and microwave. Hair dryer, Plus a few amenities to make your morning go a little smoother. Flat Screen T.V. wireless internet. Air conditioning.
Our Canyon room is a former sunroom conversion.
Added in 2016. It is unique in design. And quite fun.
of a studio than the rest of our rooms. The Bath is 3/4.
Because of the size of the room we have a 3 night maximum night stay.
Lauren's Room is situated on the top floor of the house and boasts a private deck overlooking the property as well as the surrounding trees, flowers, birds, squirrels, and deer that happily inhabit the area. Within the room you will find a Queen size bed fitted with 500 thread count sheets and a fluffy down comforter to insure a good night's rest. The room also offers an attached private bath with lots of fluffy towels and a hairdryer so you never have to leave damp. Enjoy the in-room kitchenette to help you feel at home no matter what the hour of day or night (no cooking is allowed in rooms, but guests are welcome to reheat meals and snacks, prepare your daily lunch to go and make fresh tea and coffee). Have an extra traveler over the age of 10? Within the Lauren Room you will find a "secret room" under the eaves where a twin air mattress can comfortably be placed and still leave room for a small lamp or laptop to truly give them a little place of their own.
The Madison Room is situated on the top floor of the house across from the Lauren Room. Here you will find a Queen size bed fitted with 500 thread count sheets. With oodles of amenities, this room is absolutely perfect for extended stays. An in-room kitchenette even has a lovely table and chairs for private snacks and meals (guests are asked not to cook in the rooms, but reheating of meals and snacks is allowed as is making fresh coffee and/or tea). Enjoy a fresh cup of coffee on the Madison Room's private deck, overlooking the property as well as the trees, flowers, birds, and deer which happily inhabit the surrounding area. Or, if you prefer, enjoy the view from inside your room from the cozy window seat. This room offers a desk so you can keep up with your correspondence. Need space for one more? Under the eaves you will find a "secret room" big enough to comfortably place a twin size air mattress and still leave room to plug in a small lamp or laptop so your extra person truly has a space of their own! (Only guests over 10 years old, please). Still need to accommodate a bigger group? Reserve both the Madison and Lauren rooms and have the entire top floor of the house to yourself!
Our Roiel Room (pronounced Royal) is the perfect suite for a honeymoon, anniversary, or any special occasion -- even just to pamper yourself. Get a luxurious night's sleep in the King Size bed fitted with a memory foam topper, high thread count sheets, and a fluffy down comforter. This room features lovely windows should you want to cuddle up with a good book or for an intimate chat. A new fireplace (with remote control) and a flat screen tv., has just been added to make sure you stay cozy even during the winter months, and the gigantic closet insures you can settle in for any length stay. Enjoy a cup of coffee on the deck just outside your room, with a table and chairs set up so you can easily relax and appreciate the lovely trees, flowers, birds, and deer that surround the property. In the bath, you will find a two person Jacuzzi jetted tub, a separate shower, a well lit vanity, and double sinks. The perfect setting for a lot of self pampering! This room can accommodate up to four with a queen size air mattress, or twin air mattresses.


Garden railroading combines the love of model trains with the love of gardening. G scale electric model trains and garden landscapes mixed with creative structures combine to make some of the most impressive layouts we have ever seen. Trains and Toy Soldiers is proud to offer a selection of G Gauge train sets for your consideration.
Locomotives and rolling stock can be found meandering amongst the flowers, bushes, tall grasses, rocks and even waterfalls. You'll find a vast selection of locomotives, rolling stock and accessories from Hartland Locomotive and LGB here at Trains and Toy Soldiers.
Perhaps you'll enjoy modeling the Wild West with vast open prairies, mountains and a desert sprinkled with cacti and sage as either the General or the Jupiter, both classic American locomotives, slowly make their way across your garden railroad.
Many people have discovered that Garden electric model railroading is great family fun. Everyone can get involved from helping level the land to laying the track to sculpting mountains, planting grasses, building buildings, painting figurines and best of all running the train. Get started in building your own wonderful garden railroad now. Trains and Toy Soldiers offers a wide selection for all skill levels in locomotives, rolling stock, track and accessories. Make sure you always hear about the latest products and discounts by sign up for email updates here.


text:
Q: Parameterized SPARQL string I'm developing my own SPARQL parameterized query String. I want to inject values into the string using a specified convention.
I'm using a colon followed by a number to denote injectable values, e.g.,
Filter(?myVar = :1). Then I would search for ":" followed by a number and replace it. Only one restriction: no ttl based uris are allowed, so that the ":" won't mix with uris.
Apache Jena uses variables for injection (normal SPARQL variables that start with a question mark followed by a variable identifier) and dot net Rdf uses "@" followed by identifier.
Question
Do you see anything wrong with my approach of ":" followed by number? What should be considered to provide a method with minimal ambiguity or undesired behaviours?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A female West Virginia sheriff's deputy is lucky to be alive after a violent fight with a suspect who was allegedly high on drugs. She shared her experience on social media to encourage her fellow officers to get training in hand-to-hand combat.
According to KHQ-TV, K9 Deputy Kristen Richmond of the Brooke County Sheriff's Department encountered what could have been a life-or-death situation with a purportedly drug-addled suspect early Friday morning.
Richmond responded to a call at Bethany College in Bethany, West Virginia, to address an incident in which a man was reported to be throwing things out of a third-floor window on the school's campus.
KHQ reported that the suspect was later identified as 21-year-old Brandon Lamar Jackson of Georgia.
The station reported that Jackson "appeared to be on drugs and hallucinating," and began fighting with Richmond.
WTRF-TV reported that after the altercation with Richmond, Jackson was transported to the hospital for treatment of his injuries.
The station noted that the incident remains under investigation.
Charges against are Jackson are pending.
What did Richmond have to say about the incident?
In a lengthy Facebook post — which has been liked and shared over 100,000 times — Richmond wrote what she called "probably one of the rawest posts" she'd write.
Richmond said that the fight lasted about five minutes.
"During said altercation, my glasses were shattered and knocked off my face, none of my radio transmissions got out, and a ton of equipment was stripped from my vest and duty belt," she explained, but added that despite all this, she was able to remain in the fight.
Richmond said that she was able to secure one of the suspect's hands in cuffs, and also released her K9 partner — but the purportedly drugged-up suspect kept on coming.
Richmond said that after approximately five minutes of exchanging blows with the large suspect, her partners finally discovered her, and collectively, were able to subdue the suspect.
"Thankfully, it did not reach that point," she added, and credited that fact to her training outside of work.
Who does the officer gives credit to?
"Last, but not least, this is for the families, friends, and/or critics," Richmond wrote. "After hours at the hospital and being treated for a broken nose, a fractured sinus, and some other minor bumps and lacerations to my hands, face, and head I went home.
"I took my bloody uniform, duty belt, and gear inside with me and dropped it on the floor," she continued. "I took my tired K9 partner to her crate so she could get some much deserved rest.
"I went upstairs, undressed, turned on the hot water in the shower, stepped in, and washed his and my blood off my body," Richmond wrote. "I watched it circle the drain not knowing whose exactly it was. Not a lot of people know what it's like to do that.


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MAX Makes Exclusive Digital Debut on ComiXology
By Brandon Johnston
Press Release: Janurary 23th, 2013 – New York, NY – Today comiXology, the revolutionary digital comics platform that recently surpassed 100 million downloads of comic books and graphic novels, and Marvel Entertainment, one of the world's most prominent character-based entertainment companies, [...]
Hugh Jackman Says THE WOLVERINE Is Not an X-Men Origins Sequel
Just last week, we brought you some behind the scenes pictures of Hugh Jackman as a rather disheveled looking Logan on director James Mangold's set of The Wolverine, starring Jackman, Tao Okamoto, Rila Fukushima, Will Yun Lee, Brian Tee, Hiroyuki Sanada and [...]
New Images of Hugh Jackman on the Set of THE WOLVERINE
Last week, we brought you the first behind the scenes video from director James Mangold's set of The Wolverine, starring Hugh Jackman, Tao Okamoto, Rila Fukushima, Will Yun Lee, Brian Tee, Hiroyuki Sanada and Hal Yamanouchi.Now, we have a new look at [...]
First Video from the Australian Set of THE WOLVERINE
Last week, we brought you the first look behind the scenes on director James Mangold's set of The Wolverine, starring Hugh Jackman, Tao Okamoto, Rila Fukushima, Will Yun Lee, Brian Tee, Hiroyuki Sanada and Hal Yamanouchi. That report included concept art, set [...]
Our First Look Behind the Scenes On the Set of THE WOLVERINE
Just a couple of days ago, we brought you the news when talks between Jessica Biel (Total Recall) and 20th Century Fox fell apart, and Russian actress Svetlana Khodchenkova (Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy) was now in talks to take the role of [...]
Svetlana Khodchenkova Frontrunner for Viper Role In WOLVERINE
Earlier this week, we brought you a report about reports Jessica Biel (Total Recall) entering negotiations for join the cast of The Wolverine, directed by James Mangold as Viper/Victoria, a character with a long history of Marvel lore who began [...]
Jessica Biel to Play the Villainous Viper In WOLVERINE [Updated]
Just last week, we brought you the news when Tao Okamoto, Rila Fukushima, Will Yun Lee, Brian Tee, Hiroyuki Sanada, and Hal Yamanouchi all joined Hugh Jackman on the cast of The Wolverine, directed by James Mangold.Now, Deadline reports that [...]
Four Added to the Cast of WOLVERINE, Including Mariko and The Silver Samurai
Back in May, we brought you the news when lead actor, Hugh Jackman dropped the news that filming would commence on The Wolverine, directed by James Mangold in August, with the film slated to hit theaters next July.Now, SHH reports that [...]
Pic of the Day: Wolverine vs. Hulk
So effing cute. Created by artist Charles Paul Wilson III.DeviantART [...]
The Wolverine: Production Delayed; May Not Film In Japan
Back in June we told you that director James Mangold (Knight and Day) scored the directors chair on the Christopher McQuarrie scripted Wolverine sequel for 20th Century Fox, and at the time the studio wanted the film to begin principal [...]
Iron Man and Wolverine G4 Anime Series Dates and Stories Announced
As we told you back in April, G4, the gaming channel, is bringing four beautifully produced anime series from Japan to the US market: Iron Man, Wolverine, X-Men and Blade. We also told you that Adrian Pasdar (Heroes, Castle) and Milo [...]
Cyclops and Wolverine Face Off in X-MEN: SCHISM
The pillars of the X-Family are a shakin' this July as two of the baddest mutants in the Marvel Universe face off in a no-holds-barred slugfest for the ages. Cyke and Wolvie have had their problems in the past but [...]


There have been some great money-related articles in The New Yorker lately.
John Lanchester reviews the book Lords of Finance, in Heroes and Zeroes: When central bankers rescued, then ruined, the world.
The Rationalist, Laura Secor's profile of an Iranian free-market economist. I found the cause-and-effect analysis of various policies fascinating, how politics can lead to such wild swings in a country's economy.
And in the Feb. 9 16 issue, The Ponzi State. George Packer's article on Florida's real estate boom and bust is a must-read. The most poignant part for me was about a man named Dan Hartzell, who described himself as "a blue-collar type guy." He was recently laid off and has been desperately looking for work ever since, with no luck.
Dan knew that his plight was the result of rising unemployment in a bad economy that was shedding the few remaining manufacturing jobs... and yet, in pondering the causes of his trouble, Dan couldn't avoid the feeling that the world had singled him out for some terrible payback, that it must have been his fault, that the failure was his alone and he had no right to anyone else's help. It occurred to me that this was an attitude that no senior figure on Wall Street had adopted.
And this guy gets at what I always think about when I hear people saying that it's okay for us to send manufacturing jobs overseas because we're becoming a service economy or whatever-- as if it's all going to be okay because everyone will just be re-trained to work in retail or do something with a computer. But the reality is that we need blue-collar jobs, not just white-collar jobs. Some people are better suited to that kind of work, some people want to do that kind of work, and there shouldn't be any judgment placed on it, as if it's only good enough for those other people in some third world country. Dan Hartzell isn't ashamed of not being "the behind-the-counter-take-your-money-can-I-help-you-find-your-dress-size type." So why can't this country find a way to employ more people like that with dignity, with a decent wage, and without looking for them to take the first pay or benefit cuts when things go wrong?
Anyway, lots of good reading in these articles... you have to be a registered user to get the full text of a couple of them, but enjoy!
It is foolish to care if blue, service, or white collar jobs are sent overseas. It's not the type of job that goes overseas that matters, as much as the quality of the job. Just because someone makes $60k a year putting 4 bolts on a Buick doesn't mean that is a quality job. It's not a quality job, because the value of that work is not $60k, as almost anyone can do it. However, an electrician or machinist making $80k a year is probably fairly paid or maybe even a little underpaid, as the value they provide is much higher and takes real skill.
It is not possible to protect low quality jobs without sacrificing other portions of our economy, as there are literally billions of people standing in line for the bolt job at Buick, as it is easy. If we protected all of those jobs we would be paying double, triple or more for everything from TVs to cars.
Globalization will destroy these jobs until everyone is living like we live. Once that happens the low quality jobs will be more valuable, as there will be billions of jobs for the billions standing in line. Basically, go back about 100 years and see how the U.S. labor market functioned until the mid-80's. That is what the world is going through now, which hurts all the countries that have already gone through it.
Of course there are other issues like availability of natural resources that will impact this, but then it gets complicated.
The jobs that have gone overseas have gone to the cheapest bidder. What will happen when the living conditions improve in those countries and the people demand more from their government? Their cost of living will rise.
Companies are already skipping from country to country, trying to find the cheapest labor. It doesn't stay competitive for long (and if it does, say due to communist regimes, at what human cost?).
The sad fact is that our country is facing a shift just like it did a hundred and fifty years ago. Then it shifted from agriculture/trade based to industrial based. Fear prevails among average people like myself, because it isn't apparent what we're shifting to.
I see both sides of the whole sending jobs overseas debate, but I don't know which side is right. All I can say for sure is that someone I know loses a job every week, and new jobs are hard to find.
Thanks for an interesting and informative blog. I always enjoy reading it.
I've noticed a lot more money/finance related stories in the media as well. The morning show running tips on how to save money, the newspaper filled with stories about the latest crisis. It's an interesting shift.
As an earlier commenter hinted at, what is the cost of cheap goods? We are not paying the true price for these objects, when you look at the environmental damage that will eventually have to be cleaned up (at great cost), the toll on the people of these countries, these costs haven't been figured in yet. They'll be paid sometime in the future.


The agreement with VUELING establishes that in the selection processes of the company, there will be a preferential contract for the graduates of CESDA due to the high quality of the training processes.
The agreement with OSM Aviation - Norwegian states that when Norwegian needs low-experienced pilots it will ask CESDA as a high-quality school to provide graduates.
The level of professional employment among CESDA graduates in the aviation sector is more than 90%.
This rate increases to 97% for graduates that are among the 50% with the best academic record.
100% of the 2016, 2017 and 2018 graduates have found a job in the aviation sector.
Those are excellent figures.However, our efforts are focused on improving them, reducing the average time our graduates take to find their first job and helping our pilots to find the best contracts.
Our Careers Department provides support for students graduating from CESDA to help them join the professional world.
This department is responsible for conducting market research, establishing relationships with the various agents in the air industry including government institutions, companies, airlines, professionals, etc., and maintaining constant communication and close links with the community of CESDA graduate pilots.
The Careers Department coordinates the 'CESDA Alumni' professional group, containing commercial pilots who have graduated from the centre, to exchange information and share professional experiences.
All studies forecasting growth in the air transport sector suggest that it will double over the next 20 years. It will be necessary to employ 500,000 new pilots worldwide during this period.


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Phasmida Species File (Version 5.0/5.0)
Home Search Taxa Key Help Wiki
About the Phasmida Species File
This page covers the purpose, history, current status, and future plans for the database and website. Statistics about the quantity of data, information about participating in work on the database, and the website and database editorial policy are on separate pages.
This website and database use Species File Software. Information about the design and use of SFS may be found on a separate website.
A distinctive feature of the database is the emphasis on providing information needed by the working taxonomist and systematist. Taxonomy is an essential foundation for work in biology, and the database should be a resource for all scientists working on Phasmida. Many records of rearing these insects are also included. This is a very popular 'hobby,' particularly widespread in Europe (See The Phasmid Study Group website http://phasmid-study-group.org). There is also material of more general interest such as photographs. Future development will expand these areas and others.
The database marks an important departure from past history of work on Phasmida, as specialists have had to rely largely on Kirby, 1904. Catalogues of type material, written mainly by Brock and Zompro, have added to our knowledge. The compexity of the task has grown with the increasing number of taxa and references. Computer technology now permits continuous enhancement. Sponsorship by the Orthopterists' Society also facilitates continuity from one person to another without the huge task just to reach the level acheived by the previous person.
Daniel Otte developed the initial version of the phasmids database in the early 2000's and linked with Paul Brock, who provided up to date classification and type specimen data. Much of the data came from the Zoological Record. The authors soon realized that the mass of data was sufficient that it should be published and made available to others. The Phasmida Species File was released as a CD in 2003 and has proved to be popular amongst enthusiasts. Bound copies were not distributed, unlike with most other Orthoptera Species Files. As pointed out by Zompro (2004), this means that Otte and Brock is unavailable for the purposes of zoological nomenclature, hence type species designations and other changes made in Otte and Brock are unpublished. However, Otte & Brock did publish the updated data in a book (2005) and all these entries are cited in the Phasmida Species File.
David Eades recognized the value of the Orthoptera Species File Online and saw potential for further development. He communicated with Otte and Naskrecki and submitted a proposal to the Orthopterists' Society that formed the basis for version two of the Orthoptera Species File Online, available since 2001. This Phasmida work is based on Otte and Brock's CD (2003) and numerous updated records and corrections, which formed Otte & Brock (2005). The Orthopterists' Society provided a grant for Paul Brock to visit the U.S.A. in July-August 2005, where David Eades and his team worked marvels to transfer the data to a format equivalent of Orthoptera Species File Version 2. This coincides with the Society's aim of using the software for other groups, especially other orthopteroid orders. As mentioned above, Dan Otte's initiative has resulted in this major project coming to fruition, amazingly the first catalogue on Phasmida for about a century, i.e. since Kirby, 1904.
Status of development as of October 2006
Data input: Information from Otte and Brock (2003) has been imported and updated. Additional data from other sources (Zoological Record, reprints, communications from phasmid specialists) is complete through 2004.
Software development: The read-only user interface has been fully implemented. The interface for editing the basic data is complete for users over the Internet as well as for users on the local network. The administrative interface used to test the data integrity and facilitate programming work is complete except for the usual wish list of nice but not necessary enhancements. A very limited glossary is in place.
Continuing development
Priority items:
Enter all type specimen data.
Enter more illustrations.
Provide keys that will allow users to identify specimens.
Long range dreams:
Provide information about geographic distribution.
Provide biological information such as habitat, life cycle, and behavior.
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The "juggling act" of work and family that has characterized life in the past couple of decades has become a significant focus of those interested in the social condition. Editors Toby L. Parcel and Daniel Cornfield draw on two major themes for this volume: First, that crucial to an understanding of the interplay between work and family is an acknowledgment of the varied ways time influences work and family processes—and outcomes. This book looks at time in both the macro historical sense as well as through examination of the more quotidian choices involved in balancing work and family. Second, Parcel and Cornfield consider the social policy implications that inhere in these essays. Contributors to Work and Family have been in every case encouraged to think explicitly about how governmental policies, as well as those of individual firms, can be derived from their research. This provocative collection is ideally suited to courses on work and occupations, family studies, organizations, and gender roles, taught in a number of disciplines, and will be of interest to scholars in these areas.