A commonly known quirk of the B/X system is that the game only goes up to 14th level. This means that clerics top out at 5th level spells, and magic-users at 6th level spells.
I love the experience level cap in B/X, but I'm kind of ambivalent about the cap on spell levels. I love me some spells (especially magic-user ones), and there are indubitably some very cool spells at 7th, 8th, and 9th level. We probably all have books full of them.
A magic-user of 11th level or higher is able to cast spells of 7th, 8th, and 9th level.
The normal spell research procedure (see B/X Essentials: Core Rules, p31).
By studying the description of the spell in another magic-user's spell book (using read magic). This takes half as much time and money as spell research (i.e. 500gp and one week per level of the spell).
Each magic-user may have at most two 7th level, two 8th level, and one 9th level spell in his or her spell book.
A special ritual chamber is required. This must be constructed as part of the magic-user's stronghold (upon reaching 11th level or higher). It is not possible to cast spells in the ritual chamber of another magic-user.
Casting the spell also requires time: 1 hour for a 7th level spell, 4 hours for an 8th level spell, and 8 hours for a 9th level spell. If the magic-user is disturbed during this time, the casting of the spell fails.
The spell takes effect immediately.
The spell's effect is woven into a staff. At any time in the future, the magic-user (and the magic-user alone!) may break the staff, releasing the stored spell effect. The magic-user may only have a single staff enchanted with a high level spell at any one time.
I am curious about the level cap at 14. In Moldvay's Basic rulebook page B3 he talks about the D&D companion set for levels from 15th to 30th levels, so the level cap was not intentional. My solution has been to borrow from Frank Mentzer's Companion set, at least the bits that suit my gaming style (new levels for characters, new spells and monsters), but leaving out aspects that don't appeal (his take on druids, strongholds and mass combat).
Nonetheless, I can see advantages in your suggestions. Magic users become increasingly powerful, both with the number of spells, range of spells and maximum level. These rules decelerate their power growth at a point where they are quite powerful enough compared to other characters.
Yeah, I tend to ignore the hints in B/X about there being levels beyond 14th. One of my favourite things about B/X is the relatively low (compared to other editions) experience level limit.
That's cool. My solution is to turn higher level spells into artifact powers, ones with recharge times of a week to a month. That allows the players access but doesn't make them reliant on such magic.
Great minds think alike ;) That was the other possibility I was considering. I think it's already implicit in the rules for magic item creation, though, so doesn't require a blog post.
I am not talking about a magic item, but rather an artifact ala The Book of Artifacts or the small section in the 1e DMG on relics and artifacts.
Another advantage of using an artifact is most of them impose some sort of negative condition. Some are curses but most are simply the result of poorly understanding of how the item works. If the 8th level magic-user can cast Polymorph Any Object with it but then suffers a -8 to their Intelligence for 48 hours, then the spell won't be used very often.
Oh I see what you mean. I've never used artifacts in a game, so have always just viewed them as "really powerful magic items", rather than as a separate class of thing.
That depends on the edition. In some they are just powerful magic items that the PCs may be able to create (esp in some d20 supplements). In others they are objects created by gods and legendary people far beyond any player character. If you have access to old Dragon issues, check out 207, the article on artifacts is quite enlightening.
Anyways, back to your rules. I like them except for the limitation of imbuing the magic in staves only. It is too Merlin/Gandalf for my tastes. Skulls work better for necromancers and vivimancers. Orbs for diviners and others who enjoy pretty baubles. Bracers or a shield for abjurers. And so on, but even then those examples shouldn't be limitations, simply suggestions.
(Re: more than staves) that's what I get for not reading all of the comments.
Another source that could be useful for this is Dungeon Master's Option: High Level Campaigns. The rules for True Dweomers should be handy for those who want to move beyond the existing spell lists, though the example spells are mostly crud.
Yeah, I think you're right about that. All it needs to be is "a one-use item", rather than specifically a staff.
I believe ACKS has a similar system, where the higher level spells are actually lengthy/expensive rituals. The only thing I'd change about the rules as proposed would be to allow the spell to be stored as a scroll, or perhaps open it up to different sorts of items, "a rune graven skull that crumbles to dust when the spell is cast" or "a golden dagger that melts away after a it traces a sigil in the air".
I'm guessing the theoretical rules for high-level divine spells would work the same way, just replacing "stronghold" with "church"?
Interesting about ACKS! I just checked it out -- it's almost identical to what I wrote above. Well, that's a validation of the idea!
You're right that it could be widened to result in any type of magic item, as long as it's one-use.
True, I tend to forget about clerical magic, but the same system could work for 6th and 7th level cleric spells.
Divine spells of great power might require holding a religious ceremony at a holy site with a certain minimum number of believers present depending on the spell level.
A number of holy relics could be required, as well as undertaking a quest for the deity granting such power.
Of course, such powerful miracles might only be granted as part of a quest which needs that miracle to be successful; it won't be available at any other time (or it might cost more).
Right, it'd be nice to come up with some flavourful rules along the same lines for clerics.
This is exactly the way I've been handling spells of 7th+ level in B/X. One option for high level spells (other than ritual casting) is to make a scroll of it.
Yes, I didn't note that in the blog post, but I was also assuming that 7th+ level spells could be imbued into magic items (including scrolls).
Late to the party ^^; IMO if we are talking about optional rules, you should include sixth level cleric spells. By the time David Cook wrote the Expert rule set ad&d already had 6th level spells acesible to clerics before 14th level was reached. Mentzer also included them (one level later since clerics have no spells at 1st level in basic). Also, if we are talking optional, adding cure critical wounds and truesight to the 5th level spell list should also be desirable IMO.
That would leave the option for casting spells as rituals for 7th+ level spells.


text:
Home » Software Reviews » Download Google+ App for iPhone and Android
Download Google+ App for iPhone and Android
Posted by admin On July 22, 2011 In Software Reviews No comments
The Google+ social networking service is finally been approved by Apple and available on iTunes App Store, although currently it's only available for iPhone. There is no universal iOS app or dedicated Google+ app for iPad yet, not even for iPod touch, though the support is coming soon, promised Google.
Google+ app for Android has been available simultaneously on the launch of Google+ service on late June 2011. With the availability of Google+ app for iPhone and Android, iPhone and Android smartphone users who use Google+ can now share with friends on Circles, follow Streams or instant group messaging from the popular mobile device.
Google+ for iPhone is supported on the iPhone 3G, iPhone 3GS, and iPhone 4 which are running on iOS 3.1 or later. But yet to be officially released iOS 5 is not supported yet. Although an install on iOS 5 is possible, but the app may crash, freeze or some features are not working.
Download Google+ for iPhone from iTunes App Store.
Download Google+ for Android from Android Market.
Safeguard Your Data with Data Recovery	By Josephbker
How Poor Project Management Can Derail Any Project	By jp
Factors To Consider When Choosing A Free Teleconfere...	By Idania.Silvia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


How far could oil travel if it leaked from the Energy East pipeline?
TransCanada wants to build the longest tar sands pipeline ever. If built, Energy East will cross nearly 3,000 lakes, rivers, and streams. But what will happen if (or when) Energy East springs a leak? How much risk is there to the 5 million people who depend directly on those waterways for their drinking water? Where would the oil end up?
TransCanada doesn't know and isn't doing the research to find out. So Environmental Defence is working with Ecology Ottawa, Transition Initiative Kenora and The Conservation Council of New Brunswick to do this important research.
The study is fairly simple: we float wood drift cards in three of the major water systems that the Energy East pipeline will intersect – The Bay of Fundy, Lake of the Woods/Winnipeg River and the Ottawa River watershed. These wood cards then drift along natural currents, just as spilled oil might. When someone finds a drift card, they log where and when it was found, and we combine this information over time to learn how an oil spill from Energy East might spread, and where oil might accumulate.
You can support this study by adopting a drift card. Get updates on the study, an alert when your drift card is located, and an exclusive preview of the Drift Card study findings. Learn more and adopt a drift card here.
Make your voice heard! Tell the federal government to protect our communities, our water, and our climate and reject the risky Energy East pipeline proposal.


text:
Q: Ankhsvn v2.4 could not be selected for Visual Studio 2013 source control plugin As the company, we were using Ankhsvn v2.3 with VS 2008. Lately, we have upgraded to VS2013 Community Edition, but we do not want to upgrade svn repo version so we upgraded to Ankhsvn v2.4.
Problem is, everything is okay in VS2012 both for Ankh2.3 and 2.4. However in VS2013, I cannot select it as the source control plugin (Anksvn 2.4) it gives me error saying that i must check the log file in appdata folder.
Any ideas? is this a common issue? I have searched for it but most of the people upgraded their repos so they are using v2.5...
Here is the log file by the way:
  <entry>
    <record>876</record>
    <time>2015/05/06 11:22:02.818</time>
    <type>Information</type>
    <source>VisualStudio</source>
    <description>Begin package load [AnkhSVN - Subversion Support for Visual Studio]</description>
    <guid>{604AD610-5CF9-4BD5-8ACC-F49810E2EFD4}</guid>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <record>877</record>
    <time>2015/05/06 11:22:02.818</time>
    <type>Error</type>
    <source>VisualStudio</source>
    <description>SetSite failed for package [AnkhSVN - Subversion Support for Visual Studio]</description>
    <guid>{604AD610-5CF9-4BD5-8ACC-F49810E2EFD4}</guid>

80131602

    <errorinfo>Unable to load one or more of the requested types. Retrieve the LoaderExceptions property for more information.</errorinfo>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <record>878</record>
    <time>2015/05/06 11:22:02.818</time>
    <type>Error</type>
    <source>VisualStudio</source>
    <description>End package load [AnkhSVN - Subversion Support for Visual Studio]</description>
    <guid>{604AD610-5CF9-4BD5-8ACC-F49810E2EFD4}</guid>

80131602

    <errorinfo>Unable to load one or more of the requested types. Retrieve the LoaderExceptions property for more information.</errorinfo>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <record>879</record>
    <time>2015/05/06 11:22:02.818</time>
    <type>Warning</type>
    <source>VisualStudio</source>
    <description>Package failed to load; error message suppressed by skip flag</description>
    <guid>{604AD610-5CF9-4BD5-8ACC-F49810E2EFD4}</guid>
  </entry>
  <entry>
    <record>880</record>
    <time>2015/05/06 11:22:02.818</time>
    <type>Error</type>
    <source>VisualStudio</source>
    <description>Construction of frame content failed.
Frame identifier: ST:0:0:{c3630016-f162-4af5-b165-9f468a642e9a}
Frame caption:
Exception details:
System.Reflection.ReflectionTypeLoadException: Unable to load one or more of the requested types. Retrieve the LoaderExceptions property for more information.
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.Interop.IVsShell5.LoadPackageWithContext(Guid& packageGuid, Int32 reason, Guid& context)
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Platform.WindowManagement.WindowFrame.GetPackage()
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Platform.WindowManagement.WindowFrame.ConstructContent()</description>
  </entry>

A: I found the problem. I was suspecting that VS2013 is an upgraded version of VS2012 (I have both in my local machine), this issue is one of the proofs of it :)
Anyway, I was installing Ankhsvn2.4 only for VS2013. I tried to install it also to VS2012, problem is solved.
Probably, they are using some shared libraries..

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Join the Intranet
All 187 member States of the International Labour Organization (ILO) have ratified the ILO Convention on the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 (No. 182).
ILO Child Labour Convention achieves universal ratification
GENEVA (ILO News) – For the first time in the ILO's history, an International Labour Convention has been ratified by all member States.
Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour achieved universal ratification, following ratification by the Kingdom of Tonga.
Ambassador for the Kingdom of Tonga, Titilupe Fanetupouvava'u Tuivakano, formally deposited the ratification instruments with ILO Director-General, Guy Ryder on 4 August, 2020.
The Convention is the most rapidly ratified Convention in the history of the Organization, since its adoption 21 years ago by the International Labour Conference.
"Universal ratification of Convention 182 is an historic first that means that all children now have legal protection against the worst forms of child labour," said ILO Director-General Guy Ryder. "It reflects a global commitment that the worst forms of child labour, such as slavery, sexual exploitation, the use of children in armed conflict or other illicit or hazardous work that compromises children's health, morals or psychological wellbeing, have no place in our society."
Secretary-General of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), Sharan Burrow, welcomed the ratification.
"Universal ratification of Convention 182 is a potent and timely reminder of the importance of ILO standards and the need for multilateral solutions to global problems. Child labour is a grievous violation of fundamental rights, and it is incumbent on the ILO's constituents and the international community to ensure that this Convention is fully implemented, including through due diligence in global supply chains," she said.
"The universal ratification of ILO Convention No. 182 on the worst forms of child labour is an historic moment," said Roberto Suárez Santos, Secretary-General of the International Organization of Employers (IOE). "Throughout the years, the IOE and its member organizations have supported the implementation of this Convention. Today, the business community is both aware of and acting on the need to do business with respect for children's rights. This is even more urgent in the times of the COVID-19 pandemic. We cannot allow the fight against the worst form of child labour to backslide. Together we can work towards the end of child labour in all its forms."
This universal ratification is a further step towards making more concrete the aspirations of Kailash Satyarthi, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, when he said: "I dream of a world full of safe children and safe childhoods; …I dream of a world where every child enjoys the freedom to be a child."
The ILO estimates that there are 152 million children in child labour, 73 million of whom are in hazardous work. Seventy per cent of all child labour takes place in agriculture and is mostly related to poverty and parents' difficulties finding decent work.
Convention No. 182 calls for the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including slavery, forced labour and trafficking. It prohibits the use of children in armed conflict, prostitution, pornography and illicit activities such as drug trafficking, and in hazardous work.
It is one of the ILO's eight Fundamental Conventions. These cover the abolition of child labour, the elimination of forced labour, the abolition of work-related discrimination and the rights to freedom of association and collective bargaining. These principles are also covered by the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (1998).
Since the ILO's founding in 1919, child labour has been a core concern. The organization's first Director, Albert Thomas, described child labour as, "the exploitation of childhood which constitutes the evil… most unbearable to the human heart. Serious work in social legislation begins always with the protection of children."
It is the focus of one of the ILO's largest development cooperation programmes - the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC+), which has supported over 100 countries in all continents.
The incidence of child labour and its worst forms dropped by almost 40 per cent between 2000 and 2016, as ratification rates of Convention No. 182 and Convention No. 138 (on minimum age to work) increased, and countries adopted effective laws and policies.
However, progress has slowed in recent years, particularly amongst the youngest age group (5-11 years) and in some geographical areas. With the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a real risk that years of progress will be reversed, leading to a potential increase in child labour for the first time in 20 years, unless appropriate action is taken.
"Ending child labour by 2025 in all its forms" is included under Target 8.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by all UN Member States in 2015. The universal ratification of Convention No. 182 demonstrates the will of all ILO member States to ensure that every child, everywhere, is free from child labour and its worst forms.
This landmark achievement comes just months before the start of the International Year for the Elimination of Child Labour in 2021, to be led by the ILO in collaboration with partners. Its aim is to raise awareness of the issue and to help accelerate the pace of progress.
This virtual platform was developed with the support of:


text:
Q: A proposition related to uniform convergence If ${f_n\left(x\right)}$ is uniformly convergent to 0 in I,then there exists $\left\{f_{n_i}\right\}$,such that$\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}f_{n_i} $is uniformly convergent in I.

A: Hint
For all $n\in\mathbb N^*$, there is $N_n$ s.t. $$\sup_{x\in I}|f_{N_n}(x)|\leq \frac{1}{n^2}.$$

A: For every $\epsilon_k =(1/2)^k$, $k \in \mathbb{N}$, there is a $n_k$ s.t.
$|f_{n_k}(x)| \lt (1/2)^k$;
Weierstrass M test.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_convergence


If you're doing Online Check-in, it means your Walt Disney World Resort vacation is just around the corner...how exciting! Are you to the "too excited, can't sleep" stage yet?
The Surf's Up buildings are the preferred buildings at Disney's All-Star Sports Resort. You do not need to include the building preference in your Online Check-in if you've already reserved at preferred room location. Transportation at Disney's All-Star Sports Resort is located at the main building, Stadium Hall. By choosing the "near transportation" option, you're requesting your room be in a section of Surf's Up which is closest to Stadium Hall, which may also be near the main pool area. Remember, requests during Online Check-in are not guaranteed and subject to availability at time of check in.
Please let us know if you have any other questions, Abbie! I hope you have a most magical vacation.


Hai un problema con uno dei nostri prodotti? Se hai già consultato la documentazione di supporto e hai bisogno dell'assistenza di un tecnico, compila il modulo seguente, ti ricontatteremo nel più breve tempo possibile.
INFORMATION DATA PROTECTION (PRIVACY) The firm KTC s.r.l., having its registered offices in 36051 Creazzo (VI), Via Palazzon, n. 70, as the data Controller (henceforth "the Controller"), informs you as per Art. 13 of European Union Regulation No. 2016/679 (henceforth "GDPR") that your personal data collected will be handled and used for the following purposes: 1. Subject of processing The Controller handles personal identity data (for example name, surname, company name, address, telephone number, e-mail, bank and payment details - henceforth "personal data" or simply "data") provided by you when defining the contract for the Controller's products or services. 2. Purpose of processing and legal grounds Your personal data is handled: A) Pursuant to Art. 6, chap. b) and c) of the GDPR, for the following purposes: -	Implementation of the contractual agreement with you, or execution of pre-contractual measures adopted on your request; -	Fulfilment of pre-contractual, contractual and fiscal obligations deriving from the existing relationship with you; -	Fulfilment of legal obligations, regulations, EC norms or orders from an authority (such as for example under anti-laundering rules); -	Execution of the Controller's rights, for example the right of defence by judiciary; We would like to inform you that if you are already one of our customers, we may sent you commercial material relating to the Controller's products or services, similar to those already purchased by you from our company in a previous transaction, unless you have requested otherwise. B) Only if your explicit consent has been given (GDPR Art. 7), for the following marketing purposes: -	Send you e-mails, internet, social media, post and/or SMS and/or telephone calls, newsletters, marketing communication and/or advertising material on products or services offered by the Controller, as well as satisfaction surveys relating to the quality of products/services; -	Send you e-mails, internet, social media, post and/or SMS and/or telephone calls, marketing and/or advertising communications from third parties (for example business partners, insurance companies). In case you have given consent to authorize a specific processing, You can are free to withdraw the consent to the processing at any moment, by contacting the Controller in the modes indicated in art. 9). Such withdrawal, anyhow, does not compromise the lawfulness based on the consent given before the withdrawal. 3. Processing methods and period for which the personal data will be stored The processing of your personal data is by one of the methods indicated in Art. 4, point 2) of the GDPR, such as collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction of data. Your personal data is processed both electronically or as a hard copy, whether or not by automated means. The Controller will process personal data for the period required for the execution of the purposes detailed in art. 2.A), and in any case for no more than 10 years from the end of the relationship in the purpose above, and for no longer than 5 years from the collection of the data for marketing purposes di in art.2.B). 4. Access to Data Your personal data may be made accessible for the purposes detailed in Art. 2 paragraphs A) and B): -	to employees and collaborators of the Controller, in Italy and abroad, in so much as authorised parties and/or internal representatives for processing and/or system administrators; -	to third party companies or other subjects (for example, credit brokers, professional studios, consultants, insurance companies providing insurance services, etc.) that carry out outsourcing activities on behalf of the Controller, in their role as external processing managers. 5. Communication of data Without the requirement for express consent (as per Art. 6 par. b) and c) of GDPR), the Controller may communicate your data for the purposes indicated in Art. 2 A9 to security organisations, judicial authorities, insurance companies providing insurance services, as well as subjects to which communication is required by law for the completion of the aforementioned purposes. These subjects will process the data autonomously as data Controllers. Your data will not be diffused. 6. Transfer of data Personal data is kept on a company server, located in Italy, inside the European Union. It should be noted however that the Controller, if it deems necessary, reserves the right to move data outside of the European Union. In that case, the Controller shall ensure that the transfer of data outside of the European Union will be in compliance with applicable legal requirements, and subject to the adoption of the standard contractual clauses required by the European Commission. 7. Nature of data provision and consequences of refusal to reply The provision of data for the purposes indicated in Art. 2 par. A) is obligatory. Without them, we cannot guarantee execution of the contract detailed in Art. 2 A). The provision of data for the purposes detailed in Art. 2 B) is optional. You can decide to not provide any data or withdraw consent at a later date for data already provided: in this case you will not receive any newsletters, commercial communications and advertising material relating to the Controller's products and services. Your rights to products and services detailed in Art. 2 A). remain unchanged. 8. Data Subject's Rights In accordance with the G.D.P.R.: –	The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller restriction of processing in situations foreseen by art. 15 of the GDPR, possibly receiving a copy where this does not harm others' rights and freedom; –	The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller without undue delay the rectification of inaccurate personal data concerning him or her. Taking into account the purposes of the processing, the data subject shall have the right to have incomplete personal data completed, including by means of providing a supplementary statement; –	The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay and the controller shall have the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay; –	The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller restriction of processing in one the cases foreseen by'art. 18 of the GDPR; –	Right to data portability, meaning that the data subject shall have the right to receive the personal data concerning him or her, which he or she has provided to a controller, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format and have the right to transmit those data to another controller without hindrance from the controller to which the personal data have been provided; –	The data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her. This right does not apply in the cases regulated by art. 22, paragraph 2 of the GDPR. In order to exercises the above mentioned rights, You can contact in any moment the Controller as indicated in art. 9). Right to object Pursuant to art. 21, paragraph 4 of the GDPR, the Controller reminds that: The data subject shall have the right to object, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1), including profiling based on those provisions. The controller shall no longer process the personal data unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims. Where personal data are processed for direct marketing purposes, the data subject shall have the right to object at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her for such marketing, which includes profiling to the extent that it is related to such direct marketing. Where the data subject objects to processing for direct marketing purposes, the personal data shall no longer be processed for such purposes. In order to exercises the above mentioned right of opposition you can contact in any moment the Controller as indicated in art. 9). Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority Without prejudice to any other administrative or judicial remedy, every data subject shall have the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority 9. Ways of exercising your rights You may, at any time, exercise your rights by sending: - A letter by registered mail to the headquarters of the Controller; - a request, by filling in the form "exercise your rights" at the following link or by sending an email to adm@ktc-air.com 10. Controller, responsible and authorised parties The Controller of processed data is KTC s.r.l., having headquarters in 36051 Creazzo (VI), Via Palazzon, n. 70; contact information is available on the company website www.ktc-air-com. The updated list of responsible and authorised parties is kept at the headquarters of the data Controller.


text:
Urban expansion is turning the lives of Ghanaian farmers upside down
Urban expansion is turning the lives of Ghanaian farmers upside down.
The world's urban population grew from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018. Over half of the world's current population – 55% – live in urban areas. But this is projected to reach 68% by 2050.
The global share of African urban residents is projected to grow from 11.3% in 2010 to 20.2% by 2050.
A major feature of African cities is their unplanned and outward expansion. This has led to a loss of productive peri-urban agricultural land. While various studies of Ghana have reported on the effects of urban expansion on land use and cover change around cities, not much is known about its effects on agricultural livelihoods and farmers' responses.
To fill this gap, we examined the livelihood effects of the expansion of Greater Kumasi and households' response. Kumasi is an important commercial hub situated in the Ashanti region of Ghana. It is the second-largest city in the country and is growing rapidly. Greater Kumasi has expanded over time, mainly because of migrants arriving from other parts of the country. This has reduced the amount of arable land on the outskirts, which has affected households in varying ways.
Our research looked at the ways farmers have responded, including agricultural intensification, extensification, diversification and adoption of off-farm livelihood strategies. The research shows how city sprawl leads to changing land-use patterns and how this affects the livelihoods of urban fringe communities.
The impact of urban expansion
We studied households and traditional leaders in five peri-urban communities in Greater Kumasi, including Adarko Jachie, Breman, Apatrapa, Afrancho and Appiadu.
The expansion of urban Kumasi presents both challenges and opportunities.
On the negative side, expansion has led to a reduction in productive agricultural land on the periphery and a decline in cropped areas. As a consequence, the output of major staples such as maize, rice, cassava, yam, cocoyam and plantain have fallen. This has hurt the livelihoods of urban and peri-urban households.
Many of the peri-urban households noted that the reduction in arable land had undermined their agricultural output and income levels. At the same time, the cost of living has kept increasing. Rising food prices, high utility charges, the high cost of social services and high rental charges, among others, present a livelihood threat to these peri-urban households.
A male participant at Appiadu told us:
We are farmers and that is what we do to survive and to take care of our children because our level of formal education is low…All these areas that have been taken over by buildings used to be open spaces and farmlands some years ago. The future of those of us whose livelihoods are tied to the land is bleak.
Another respondent remarked:
We have lost most of our arable lands to the wealthy who are even not natives of this place…This has negatively affected our farming activities. We used to make huge gains from farming but our output and gains have declined over the years. Life is really tough.
Respondents noted that most of the land has been acquired by wealthy people, most of whom live outside these communities. The implication is that the majority of the local people eventually lose out because they can't afford to acquire land.
Some of the chiefs who were interviewed pointed out that development could not have been brought to their people without the sale of the land. But residents also noted the apparent failure on the part of some traditional leaders to plough back or invest proceeds from the sale of land in their respective communities.
To some peri-urban dwellers, the urban expansion had been beneficial. They mentioned the opening up of rural areas, access to urban markets and non-farm livelihood portfolios.
Farmers responded differently to the reduction in arable land. Some farmed more intensively – using more inputs per land area – and others did the opposite. Some diversified their farming. Some found other ways to make a living. We found that some households made livelihood gains, some made losses and others neither gained nor lost.
Policy implications
To protect arable land from urban encroachment and reduce peri-urban households' vulnerabilities, a number of policy interventions are necessary.
Firstly, horizontal urban expansion can be controlled through more efficient use of already developed urban areas. This "smart growth" has been used as an approach to regional planning in countries like the US.
Another key area to focus attention on is institutional strengthening to ensure that policies are enforced. Since land deals normally respond to market forces of demand and supply, with chiefs being major actors, exercising effective control over land use and city spread by city authorities may be difficult. But effective key stakeholder collaboration can help.
Finally, policy intervention should recognise urban agriculture as an integral part of the spatial structure of the city. Urban and peri-urban farmers should receive technical and input supplies via the assemblies to ensure the sustainability of their agriculture.
Published by: The conversation
Kabila Abass (PhD)
Senior Lecturer, Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)
Kwadwo Afriyie
Senior Lecturer, Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST)
If you have any questions or want to become a featured company on our website to broaden the scope of your business, please send us a mail on info@agri4africa.com.
## the conversation


text:
ln -sf ~/.dotfiles/install/git/gitconfig ~/.gitconfig
ln -sf ~/.dotfiles/install/git/gitconfig.user ~/.gitconfig.user

ruby ~/.dotfiles/install/git/clone.rb

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Radiation is the major mode of heat transfer to the charge in a cement kiln. Four types of radiation are present: 1- surface to surface, 2- surface to gas, 3- gas to surface, and 4- gas to gas. As such four corresponding view factors must be determined. One can determine these view factors if the gas space in the enclosure and the boundary walls are divided into zones.
Wagner, Jerry Lee, "Determination of radiation view factors in a cement kiln using numerical integration" (1969). Theses and Dissertations. 3748.


SEO audit for Photographer based in Sydney. These are the issues I have covered during my SEO Audit.
00:00 – Finding their top competitors based on their keywords.
I will suggest you to focus on your website Schema Markup which help google bots to crawl your page also understand what is your page is about.Url structure should be user and bot friendly. Site needs to add SSL other wise chrome will be shown website as non secure website. Also add few relevant external links, internal linking is missing which also very important factor to consider.
Finally add blog articles which will increase your keyword search terms, and i have found that this will help in user engagement if blog is relevant to the reader. Which search engine is directly measure.
If your website has less than 200 pages then just click the button below to get your website audit with actionable pdf checklist.
If you found this video valuable, give it alike.
How to do initial SEO audit?


Do you breathe deeply and expand your lungs to capacity?
Do you take short inhales and exhales?
Do you breathe then pause then breathe then pause?
While sitting down, place your right hand on your bellybutton and inhale.
Did you belly rise or did your shoulders?
Repeat the exercise and this time count while you inhale? Inhale, 1,2,3,etc..
Did you count to less than three?
If you answered that your shoulders rose or that you counted less than three you might need some help learning or relearning how to breathe.
We take breathing for granted.
We do it from the moment we are born until we take our last breath when we die. It is something we do approximately 18 times per minute, 1,080 times an hour and 25,920 times a day. So how is it that many of us are not breathing correctly?
When we are stressed and in a state of anxiety it's common to take quick shallow breaths. I'm sure most of you even hold your breath on occasion and fascinatingly 80% of us seem to have "email apnea" a term which refers to when you hold your breath when your email pings or when really concentrating on writing an email. Breathing in this manner is proven to increase stress levels, impact our attitude, our sense of emotional well-being, and our ability to work effectively.
Many of us tend to take sips of a breath and hold it when we're anxious, both of which can have a ripple effect through the system. One bad habit, like shallow breathing, triggers another. Breathing incorrectly can make you more susceptible to lower back pain.
On a philosophical level, breathing properly helps to keep the mind open, enabling you to think about who you are and what and why you're doing something. But primarily, if you breathe in the right way, you'll have better digestion, your balance will be improved, and you'll develop an optimum posture."
So why do so few of us know how to breathe properly?
Breathing is, of course, fundamental to being alive.
Every living cell in the body needs a continual supply of oxygen. Inside each cell, oxygen combines with food molecules in a chemical reaction called oxidation, which releases energy. This energy powers every process in the human body.
To breathe properly, you need to use your diaphragm, the large sheet-like muscle that lies at the bottom of the chest cavity. To find your diaphragm, sit comfortably or lie on your back on the floor. Place your left hand on your upper chest and your right hand on your abdomen, in the 'gap' of your rib cage.
1. because the blood in the lowest part of the lungs is the richest for oxygen.
2. if you put all the stress for your body support and breathing on your upper chest and shoulders, this will exacerbate any difficulties you suffer with your lungs. For this reason you should also work to strengthen your core muscles around your abdomen and lower back.
Start to be aware of your breathing.
Spend time mindfully breathing – hand on your belly and breathing in deeply and out fully for 5 minutes each day.
Book in withgrace for your free first consultation and start to enhance your wellness.


text:
Officials: US jets scramble to intercept Russian bombers off California, Alaska coasts on July 4
While the United States celebrated Independence Day, two pairs of Russian bombers flew off the coast of California and Alaska -- forcing the Air Force to scramble fighter jets to intercept both flights, two senior defense officials tell Fox News.
The first incident occurred at 10:30 a.m. ET on July 4 off the coast of Alaska, Fox News is told. Two U.S. Air Force F-22 jets were scrambled from their base in Alaska to intercept two Tupolev Tu-95 long-range strategic bombers, capable of carrying nuclear weapons.
The second incident occurred at 11:00 a.m. ET also on July 4, off the central coast of California. Two F-15s from an undisclosed location were scrambled to intercept another pair of Tu-95 Bear bombers.
A spokesman for NORAD would not confirm if either pair of bombers was armed.
At no time did either pair of bombers enter U.S. airspace, 12 nautical miles off the coast, according to one defense official. Neither official would reveal just how close the bombers came to U.S. shores.
At the same time the bombers were in the air probing the West Coast of the United States, Russian President Vladimir Putin called President Obama to wish him a happy July 4th.
"These are not unprecedented flights, but we are postured to respond whether Alaska or California," NORAD spokesman Michael Kucharek said. "At no time did the bombers enter North American sovereign airspace."
A similar incident took place on July 4, 2013.


When alimony is involved in a family law matter in New Jersey, most clients want to know when and how it could end. One of the primary ways alimony will terminate is if the party who is receiving alimony payments decides to enter into a close and personal relationship where there is a level of financial dependency upon the other. In most courts, this would meet the definition of cohabitation in the state of New Jersey.
What is the Definition of Cohabitation in NJ?
The New Jersey statutes define cohabitation as an intimate relationship that is mutually supportive. This means that a couple has taken on duties or privileges that are often associated with the formalities of a marriage of civil union. This definition came from the alimony reform statutes passed by Chris Christie in 2014 and made it significantly easier for paying spouses to assert cohabitation by their former flames. That is because, despite its name, this cohabitation definition does not necessarily require that the couple is living together for the court to find cohabitation for purposes of alimony considerations. Instead, the court has to look at multiple factors.
What are the Factors for the Definition of Cohabitation to be Found in NJ?
Usually, it is financial. If the couple shares joint bank accounts, joint credit cards or other financial holdings, they might be found to be cohabitating. If they share living expenses, like splitting utilities or agreeing to use one account for household bills, this could meet the definition of cohabitation. But there are other, softer factors the court can consider. For instance, if the couple is recognized as a serious couple in family and social circles, or whether the couple is actually living together. The frequency of contact and duration of the relationship is another factor, as well as any evidence the couple shares household chores.
How Will a Finding of the Cohabitation Definition Affect Alimony in NJ?
In a nutshell, because the dependent spouse appears to have another source of financial support, it could result in their alimony award being decreased or terminated completely. For cases covered by the amended alimony statute the courts can only suspend or terminate alimony and cannot modify. However, the burden is on the spouse paying the alimony to demonstrate to the court that the recipient is, in fact, cohabitating with another person. You might be required to request bank statements, rental agreements, or other documents proving cohabitation through a process called 'discovery,' which is difficult to achieve in some cases, as explained below. However, if it means the requirement to pay alimony, this might be worth the investment.
How can I Prove the Recipient Party is Cohabitating in New Jersey?
First, before you can get the court to agree to 'full-blown' discovery in a case, the moving party has to prove that there is a prima facie case of cohabitation. Prima facie sort of means at first glance, so if there is, at first glance, a suggestion that the other party is cohabitating with another, you might have grounds to ask for full discovery to further cement your claims. One case has held that even in a long-term relationship when the parties were spending only about 100 nights together – less than a majority of the year – there was no prima facie evidence of cohabitation, particularly without any more evidence like joint bank accounts, or shared living expenses.
One increasingly common way to show prima facie evidence of cohabitation is for the paying spouse to do some sleuthing on social media accounts like Facebook, Twitter or Instagram. If the parties check in together frequently at hotels or on vacation, this can demonstrate to the court that the couple frequently spends time together, that they spend money on the other, and that other family members (like children) or friends have shared the relationship as well. Make sure you are gathering this information legally. If you have any questions about how you can legally 'spy' on your ex-spouse for alimony purposes, get in touch with a family law attorney who can give you guidance.
Would It Help to Provide a Definition of Cohabitation in My Marital Settlement Agreement?
It is always helpful for parties, when contracting, to provide definitions for any terms that might be subject to a dispute further down the line. Otherwise, without a formal definition, the court will revert to the statutory definition of cohabitation, which might be far more limiting (as the plaintiff in the above-described case would agree).
First, in J.S. v J.M., the parties were divorced in 2010, and in their settlement agreement, they included a provision that alimony would terminate upon cohabitation with an unrelated male in lieu of remarriage for at least thirty days. In 2015, the husband filed to terminate alimony on the grounds that his former spouse was cohabiting with his brother. Interestingly, the petition to terminate was filed just after the alleged relationship ended – not during. So, there was a question of whether the paying spouse can get any relief if he or she files after the relationship has ended? In Quinn v Quinn, if a settlement agreement provided for termination of alimony upon cohabitation, then the court should be required to enforce that agreement and terminate alimony, rather than simply suspend it during the period of cohabitation – meaning the paying spouse would still be on the hook in the future should the relationship end. However, the appellate court in J.S. determined that there was no cohabitation at all, and therefore, Quinn did not apply.
If you have more questions about New Jersey's cohabitation definition and how it could affect alimony payments in your case, get in touch with the Law Offices of Peter Van Aulen today. You'll receive a free, in-office consultation by calling 201-845-7400.


These melt in mouth dates and nuts slices recipe is a sweet snack recipe that will satisfy your sweet craving in a single bite. Dates and nuts slices recipe is very easy to follow and requires very few ingredients. The steps for this recipe includes mixing ingredients, waiting for few hours to set, cut into slices and then to serve. It is a bit messy work. The dates in the ingredients list can not be changed but all other ingredients can be replaced with your favourite types of dry fruits and nuts. when using coconut, make sure it's dry in case you are making a large batch and plan to store it for a week long because I have noticed fresh grated coconut goes bed when stored.
Transfer the pitted dates to a blender and make a paste.
Mix together well and make a lodge of the mixture.
Unwrap and cut into slices and then enjoy eating!
These dates and nuts slices can be served as a sweet snack after a meal. Put one slice in your children lunch box and they will love it. You can replace chocolate you buy for children with these dates and nuts slices for numerous health benefits of almonds, walnut and dates.


Ms. Cabrera dressed up as Library Lion for one of the Red Ribbon Week dress up days. What a great way to get students excited about reading. She said, "Now everyone wants to checkout Library Lion." What a great advocate of reading.
She is pictured below, as Library Lion, with a sixth grade class.


text:
Q: How do I create a POST request with form field content with Spray? I've got a Spray service that expects a POST with certain form fields filled out. I'm trying to work out how to create an appropriate POST in my test spec in order to test this.
What I have so far
  Post("/customer") ~> sealRoute(myRoute) ~> check {
    responseAs[String] must contain("Success message")
  }

Which does a POST to the /customer route, as expected. How do I add form fields to this?

A: You can use the spray.http.FormData class:
Post("/customer", FormData(Seq("field1"->"value1", "field2"->"value2")) ~>
  sealRoute(myRoute) ~> check {
    responseAs[String] must contain("Success message")
  }


Arty was a superstar! He won almost every veteran class he was in at both open and Champ show since turning 7, including 2 RCC's and 27 Best veteran in Shows at Open shows. He was Best Veteran at Top Dog of Devon 2015 and 2nd in a large veteran class at Crufts 2016. This was to be his last time in the show ring as old age crept up on him. He was a showman through and through but also enjoys his long walks in the countyside up to his neck in mud!
Arty was the top winning fawn male Beardie in the UK to date and we are all immensely proud of his achievements. He will never be forgotten. Always in my heart.


I was raised in San Jose, California by immigrated Filipino parents who instilled in me the power of education, communication, and hard work. I successfully completed my undergraduate degree in Biochemistry at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York. Shortly after graduation, I was nominated to be a Delegate to the International Mission on Medicine to China based on academic achievement, leadership ability, and dedication to the medical profession. During this short 4 week course, Traditional Chinese Medicine taught me the governing philosophy that the body is whole, intimately connected, and has the potential to cure its own diseases. I discovered that nontraditional medicine and Western medicine should exist side by side, as both have their advantages, and thus my interest in osteopathic medicine began.
I graduated medical school from Western University- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific in Pomona, California and completed my Obstetrics and Gynecology residency at Saint Francis Hospital in Evanston, Illinois, graduating as Chief Resident in my fourth year of residency. I originally joined Kaiser Permanente in the Central Valley region in October 2011. My 5 years in the Modesto department was spent performing complicated gynecologic surgeries as part of the select, minimally invasive surgical team, growing a full practice with beloved patients, and delivering care in the office and in Labor and Delivery. However, my desire to return to San Jose was driven by the importance of family. I am excited to be back in the area in which I grew up and to see my immediate and extended family grow.
My interest in obstetrics and gynecology melds my interest in combining intellectual challenge, confined continuity of care, and comprehensive surgical and medical care for women from childbearing age through the post-menopausal years. Medicine is the science and the art of diagnosing, treating, and curing disease. In this increasingly technological world, a physician's personal healing touch is invaluable. I enjoy educating and communicating with my patients. I believe in unity, patience, humility, and respect for your time. My goal is to provide tailored, effective medical attention to women in need. I appreciate the team approach to preventive care that Kaiser Permanente offers patients by having the primary care physicians together at one site to coordinate care.
Currently, I am the only osteopathic physician and surgeon in the Women's Health department. When I began my career in Modesto, I was similarly the only D.O. in the department. I invite you to learn more about osteopathic medicine and encourage you to ask me questions. D.O. stands for Doctor of Osteopathy. In the US, there are 2 types of separate but equal medical schools: Allopathic (MD) and Osteopathic (DO). Allopathic and osteopathic medical schools have the same undergraduate requirements and require the same entrance testing (MCAT). Both are four years and require the same series of medical board examinations. Osteopathic medical school appealed to me because it combines the focus of symptom based approaches with the holistic perception of medicine, offering great versatility. Osteopaths are doctors first. Beyond that categorization however, osteopaths are armed with knowledge gained through significant hours spent learning manipulative techniques. For residency however, I chose an allopathic program based on the excellent medical and surgical training offered. I do not practice osteopathic manipulative medicine currently; however the ability to diagnose with my hands through medical school and residency training is useful every day. I also speak a moderate level of medical and conversational Spanish.
I am proud to be a member of such an outstanding department within the medical group at Kaiser Permanente. Our goal is to provide you with high quality care and service. As a valued member, I look forward to meeting you at your next appointment, greeting you with kindness, warmth, and respect, and offering you excellent obstetric and gynecologic health.
Lipskind S, Loanzon S, Simi E, Ouyang DW. Hyperammonemic coma in an ornithine transcarbamylase mutation carrier following antepartum corticosteroids. J Perinatol. 2011 Oct; 31(10):682-4. PMID: 21956151; DOI: 10.1038/jp.2011.23;.


text:
HomeUncategorizedFed Vice Chair Quarles Says Digital Dollar Could Pose Significant Risks to US Banking System
Fed Vice Chair Quarles Says Digital Dollar Could Pose Significant Risks to US Banking System
The Federal Reserve's vice chairman of supervision and the chair of the Financial Stability Board (FSB), Randal K. Quarles, doubts the benefits of the digital dollar but says it "could pose significant and concrete risks" to the U.S. banking system.
Fed Vice Chair Speptical About Digital Dollar
Federal Reserve Vice Chair of Supervision Randal Quarles talked about bitcoin and the Fed's work on a central bank digital currency (CBDC), the digital dollar, in a speech at the Utah Bankers Association Monday. Quarles is also the chairman of the Financial Stability Board (FSB). He said:
The potential benefits of a Federal Reserve CBDC are unclear. Conversely, a Federal Reserve CBDC could pose significant and concrete risks.
He then outlined the risks. "First, a Federal Reserve CBDC could create considerable challenges for the structure of our banking system … An arrangement where the Federal Reserve replaces commercial banks as the dominant provider of money to the general public could constrict the availability of credit, fundamentally alter the economy, and expose the public to a host of unanticipated, and undesirable, consequences."
Quarles further added that "a dominant CBDC could undermine the consumer and other economic benefits that accrue when commercial banks compete to attract customers" and "A Federal Reserve CBDC could also present an appealing target for cyberattacks and other security threats."
Quarles doesn't believe there is any real threat against the U.S. dollar. Talking about threats, he said, "Gold will always glitter, but novelty, by definition, fades." Noting that he sees little threat from cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, the Federal Reserve's vice chairman of supervision described:
Bitcoin and its ilk will, accordingly, almost certainly remain a risky and speculative investment rather than a revolutionary means of payment, and they are therefore highly unlikely to affect the role of the U.S. dollar or require a response with a CBDC.
In conclusion, Quarles said "the U.S. dollar payment system is very good, and it is getting better," emphasizing that "the potential benefits of a Federal Reserve CBDC are unclear" and "developing a CBDC could, I believe, pose considerable risks."
What do you think about the comments by Quarles? Let us know in the comments section below.
US Congressman Calls for Law Allowing Government to Reverse Cryptocurrency...
As the Top Coins Lag Behind, an Odd Bunch of...


text:
EDITORS of ATINER's JOURNAL PUBLICATION
1 Dr. Christos Anagnostopoulos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sports
Associate Professor, Molde University College, Norway & Associate Lecturer, University of Central Lancashire, Cyprus.
2 Dr. Douglas E. Angus, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
Full Professor, Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Canada.
3 Dr. Stephen Andrew Arbury, Editor, Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts
Head, Arts & Culture Unit, ATINER, Professor of Art History & Director of the RU Art Museum, Radford University, USA.
4 Dr. Vincenzo Asero, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Tourism
Academic Member, ATINER & Assistant Professor, University of Catania, Italy.
5 Dr. Zoe Boutsioli, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
Vice President of Publications, ATINER.
6 Dr. Ellene Tratras Contis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sciences
Head, Chemistry Unit, ATINER & Professor of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan University, USA.
7 Dr. Paul Contoyannis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
Head, Health Economics and Management Unit, ATINER & Associate Professor, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics, McMaster University, Canada.
8 Dr. David A. Frenkel, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Law
Head, Law Unit, ATINER and Emeritus Professor, Law Area, Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
9 Dr. Patricia Hanna, Editor, The Anthology of Philosophical Studies
Vice President of Academic Affairs of ATINER & Professor Emerita, University of Utah, USA.
10 Dr. Christopher Janetopoulos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sciences
Head, Biology Unit, ATINER & Associate Professor, University of the Sciences, USA.
11 Dr. Peter Jones, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Tourism
Professor of Management, University of Gloucestershire, U.K.
12 Dr. Valia Kasimati, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Tourism
Head, Tourism, Leisure & Recreation Unit, ATINER.
13 Dr. Maria Konstantaki, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sports
Head, Sport, Exercise, & Kinesiology Unit, ATINER & Research Fellow, U.K.
14 Dr. Nikolaos I. Liodakis, , Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences
Director, Social Sciences Division, ATINER & Associate Professor, Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada.
15 Dr. Domenico Maddaloni, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences
Head, Sociology Unit, ATINER & Professor, University of Salerno, Italy.
16 Dr. Alexander Makedon, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Education
Head, Education Unit, ATINER.
17 Dr. Michael P. Malloy, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Law
Director, Business, Economics and Law Division, ATINER & Distinguished Professor & Scholar, University of the Pacific, USA.
18 Dr. Nicholas Marudas, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics
Head, Accounting Unit, ATINER & Associate Professor, Mercer University, USA.
19 Dr. Stamos Metzidakis, Editor, Athens Journal of Philology
Head, Literature Unit & Professor Emeritus of French and Comparative Literature, Washington University in Saint Louis, USA & Adjunct Professor of French, Hunter College-CUNY, USA.
20 Dr. John Moraros, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
Academic Member, ATINER & Associate Professor, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.
21 Dr. Nikos Mourtos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
Head, Mechanical Engineering Unit, ATINER & Professor, San Jose State University USA.
22 Dr. William O'Meara, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Philosophy
Head, Philosophy Unit, ATINER & Professor, Department of Philosophy and Religion, James Madison University, USA.
23 Dr. Steven Oberhelman, Editor, Athens Journal of History
Vice President of International Programs, ATINER & Professor of Classics, Holder of the George Sumey Jr Endowed Professorship of Liberal Arts, and Associate Dean, Texas A&M University, USA.
24 Dr. Gregory T. Papanikos, Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences & Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sports
President, ATINER & Honorary Professor of Economics, University of Stirling, UK.
25 Dr. Nicholas Pappas, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies
Vice President of Academic Membership, ATINER & Professor of History, Sam Houston University, USA.
26 Dr. Thanos Patelis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences
Head, Psychology Unit of ATINER & Lecturer, Teachers College at Columbia University and Achievement and Assessment Institute, University of Kansas, USA.
27 Dr. Nicholas N. Patricios, Editor, Athens Journal of Architecture
Vice President of Strategic Planning & Analysis, ATINER and Professor & Dean Emeritus, School of Architecture, University of Miami, USA.
28 Dr. John Pavlik, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Mass Media & Communications
Head, Mass Media and Communication Unit, ATINER & Professor, Journalism and Media Studies, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, USA.
29 Dr. Panagiotis Petratos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
Vice-President of Information Communications Technology, ATINER & Fellow, Institution of Engineering and Technology & Professor, Department of Computer Information Systems, California State University, Stanislaus, USA.
30 Dr. Ethel Petrou, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sciences
Academic Member, ATINER & Professor, SUNY Erie, State University of New York, USA.
31 Dr. Zoi Philippakos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Education
Academic Member, ATINER & Assistant Professor, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
32 Dr. Christos Sakellariou, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics
Vice President of Administration and Finance, ATINER & Associate Professor of Economics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
33 Dr. Virginia Sisiopiku, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
Head, Transportation Engineering Unit, ATINER & Associate Professor, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
34 Dr. John Spiridakis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Education
Academic Member, ATINER & Professor, St. John University, USA.
35 Dr. Yannis Stivachtis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences & Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies
Director, Center for European & Mediterranean Affairs (CEMA) and Professor, Jean Monnet Chair, Director of International Studies Program
& Director, Diplomacy Lab Program, Virginia Tech – Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, USA.
36 Dr. Seppo Suominen, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Sports
Academic Member, ATINER & Senior Lecturer, University of Applied Sciences, Finland.
37 Dr. Henry Thompson, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics
Head, Economics Unit, ATINER & Emeritus Professor, Auburn University, USA.
38 Dr. Theodore Trafalis, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
Director, Engineering & Architecture Division, ATINER, Professor of Industrial & Systems Engineering and Director, Optimization & Intelligent Systems Laboratory, The University of Oklahoma, USA.
39 Dr. Apostolos Tsiachristas, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
Academic Member, ATINER & Senior Researcher, Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Dept. of Population Health, University of Oxford, UK.
40 Dr. Nektarios Tzempelikos, Co-Editor Athens Journal of Business & Economics
Senior Lecturer in Marketing, Anglia Ruskin University, U.K.
41 Dr. Patrick Vyncke, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Mass Media & Communications
Professor of Communication Management, Department of Communication Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
42 Dr. Julia Underwood, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics & Athens Journal of Education
Academic Member, ATINER & Professor, Azusa Pacific University, USA.
43 Dr. Peter Yannopoulos, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Business & Economics
Vice President of Global Communications, ATINER & Professor, Brock University, Canada.
44 Dr. Timothy M. Young, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
Director, Center for Data Science (CDS), ATINER & Professor and Graduate Director, The University of Tennessee, USA.
45 Dr. Barbara Zagaglia, Co-Editor, Athens Journal of Social Sciences
Head, Anthropology & Demography Unit, ATINER & Associate Professor, Polytechnic University of Marche, Italy.
46 Dr. George Zahariadis, Co-Editor, Health and Medical Sciences
Academic Member, ATINER & Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada.


text:
Tiwa Savage, Yemi Alade, Simi And Teni – Who Is The Hottest Female Artiste Right Now?
While Wizkid, Burna Boy and Olamide are ruling the airwaves with their new music, female artists are not to be left out in the game also.
For Tiwa Savage, she got a headstart this year with her deal with Universal Music Group and lately, she's back in the scene.
Her "Fxck You" cover was one of the most shared of all the covers done by other artists and recently, her latest effort, "Ello Baby" is bursting up the scene and word is out in the street that she has a single with Zlatan to be released soon.
Yemi Alade has celebrated some wins this new year and might look to even be relevant over Tiwa Savage this year.
While she's preparing to drop her album also, she featured one of the famous names in American Hip Hop, Rick Ross and also released a colorful visual to the song.
This last week, she celebrated 1Million subscribers on YouTube becoming the first African female artiste to reach the milestone. Is Tiwa Savage still your pick?
The recent Golden bride, Simi has been making waves too of recent, even though she hasn't been active to her full potentials this year, but with singles like Ayo, Promise and she recently released an album "Omo Charlie Champagne" we couldn't sideline her.
You'll rethink about the whole three when it looks like Teni is already "queening" this year.
One of her singles for this year, Sugar Mummy is one of the best street hop records and she also bagged an endorsement deal with Pepsi recently.
Add that to a nomination at the BET Awards. Who else has done it better than Teni this year? Does anyone come close? Maybe not.
So Guys
Who Do You Think Deserves The Crown For The Best Female Artiste So Far This Year?
Let's hear from you guys.
The post Tiwa Savage, Yemi Alade, Simi And Teni – Who Is The Hottest Female Artiste Right Now? appeared first on Naijaloaded | Nigeria's Most Visited Music & Entertainment Website.


Dirk and I have known each other for some years – after all he had been my second guest at drum talk. Since his works at "Scarve" have always fascinated me I had always felt heartbroken at the fact that during this first shot of drum talk I had not done a real interview with him. When I finally had the opportunity to get a hold of him and fire questions at him I did not hesitate to do so. Everyone who meets Dirk will immediately notice how cool and down to earth he is. The conclusions of the conversation: take your time to work with the instrument. Do not forget about the fun drumming can be – alongside all discipline and sobriety. And lastly: there are far more important things in life than what people think about you while you're sitting behind the kit.


text:
L' était une loi du Shogunat Tokugawa adoptée en 1825. Elle prévoyait que tout navire étranger devait être chassé des eaux japonaises.

En raison de sa politique isolationniste instaurée en 1641, le Japon vivait replié sur lui-même, fermé aux étrangers. Le sakoku n'empêcha cependant pas le pays de se tenir au courant des avancées technologiques occidentales en étudiant les traités médicaux et autres documents néerlandais obtenus selon la méthode des rangaku, c'est-à-dire des « études hollandaises », grâce aux contacts entretenus avec les Hollandais de la VOC établis sur l'île de Dejima.

Un exemple de la mise en pratique de la loi est l'Incident du Morrison en 1837, lorsqu'un navire américain marchand transportant des citoyens japonais fut bombardé et forcé de partir.

La loi fut abrogée en 1842 à l'issue de la première guerre de l'opium.

Source de la traduction

Histoire diplomatique du Japon
Loi japonaise du XIXe siècle
Repousser les navires étrangers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Canada to help refugee after deadly fire
Courtesy Ummah Masjid
Seven members of the Barho family, who arrived in Canada as Syrian refugees in 2017
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has said Canada is looking at ways to bring over relatives of a Syrian refugee who lost her children in a house fire.
Kawthar Barho's seven children died in an early morning fire in the Canadian city of Halifax on Tuesday.
Her husband sustained life-threatening injuries in the fire.
The family had come to Canada after fleeing their home in Raqqa, which had been taken over by the group known as Islamic State.
Ms Barho, 30, has no other family in the country.
Mr Trudeau told reporters on Thursday in Halifax that the federal immigration minister is giving personal attention to the case and seeing what can be done within the system to bring over some of her family members to bring "some solace in this tragedy".
"In heartbreaking cases like this we're certainly looking at doing what we can to bring this family, which has suffered such a devastating loss, together," he said.
There has been an outpouring of support for the parents in the wake of the tragedy, including a vigil on Wednesday evening attended by the prime minister.
An online fundraiser for the Syrian couple has also raised over C$440,000 ($330,000; £255,000) in two days.
The youngest Barho child was just four months old and the oldest was 15.
The funeral for the children will be held at a local mosque the family attended.
The family had been privately sponsored to come to Canada by a local refugee resettlement group.
"For the past year and a half, the children have been able to enjoy life as kids should be able to: going to school, riding bicycles, swimming, having friends, running in the yard, celebrating birthday parties and hanging out with the neighbours on their porch swing," the organisation wrote in a Facebook post.
"They loved every minute of it, and it seems impossible we won't hear their laughter and feel their hugs again."
Robert Short/CBC
Seven children were killed in the fire
Authorities say it took about an hour to get the flames under control when fire and emergency services arrived on the scene in the early hours of Tuesday morning.
Fire crews said the fire quickly engulfed the first and second floors of the building.
The two-storey home was completely gutted by the fire.
An investigation into the cause of the fire is under way.
← Monkees musician Peter Tork dies at 77Republican denies knowing of vote scam →
UN says Libya migrant attack could be war crime
North Korea: US is hell-bent on hostility
Honduras fishing boat capsizes killing 26
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-48863406
New Wolf Pack trial reignites rape law debate
One dead as volcano erupts on Italian island
Manslaughter charges dropped against shot pregnant mum
Supporters in Trump adverts were actors
US judge defends rape accused from good family
Portland defends handling of violent protest


To be a Light to the Nations. The Mandate of the Jewish people.
(Isaiah 49:6) This is no small task and to obey takes many shapes and forms. As many Jewish people as there are, there are as many ways this Light can be shown. Each persons' own particular personality and gifting shapes their interpretation and performance of this Mitzvah.
The 2 Spies received the following video from a young Jewish woman (aged 20). Her heart was touched deeply by the devastation of Japan in March's tsunami. As you may know, Israel was one of the first countries to respond and send aid and medical teams. We were all glued to the news and watched Japan's drama unfold for a few days or weeks.
But what about now? Does anyone know what is happening in Japan as they seek to recover? This is what touched our hearts about this young lady's video. She has not forgotten Japan and their suffering all these months later. She is still concerned and is still praying for the country~ and urges us to join her. In her measure, she is fulfilling the miztvah~ she is a Light to the Nation of Japan. Her faithfulness is an inspiration and a challenge to us all.


Rent a Dumpster in Crescent Mills Now!
Simply give us a call and we will answer any questions you may have about the Crescent Mills dumpster rental procedure, allowed materials, size you may need, etc.
Our roll off containers can usually be delivered in Crescent Mills the day after you place your order. Make sure to call us early to ensure timely delivery.
Most businesses in Crescent Mills normally rent containers for a standard rate for 7 days, although most one time customers end up keeping their container an average of three and a half days. When you call to reserve the container, talk with all the customer support representative about the period of time you believe you will need.
If it turns out that your project takes longer than you expected, only call the dumpster business to describe. Most businesses will charge you on a per-day basis following your initial 7 days. It is very important to convey this added demand when you know you have it since most dumpster businesses have a restricted number of bins that could already be allowed. Most businesses will work with you to accommodate your additional rental time. If you believe you will need the dumpster for an additional week or more, be sure to mention that; rates may change based on a longer time period.
Dumpster rentals are one of the most affordable means to remove waste and debris from a home or commercial property. Still, it's important for you to consider your options to make sure you get the very best price possible on your in Crescent Mills.
Asking firms for price quotes is one of the simplest ways to make sure you get a great deal. After talking to several businesses, you can compare the quotes to determine which one meets your needs at the bottom cost. When getting quotes, make sure the firms include all the services you will need. More than a few companies charge extra for services like drop off and pick up. They may additionally charge higher rates for removing certain kinds of stuff. By having them include all the fees in your estimate, you can compare the prices accurately instead of becoming mislead by a rental business that hides additional costs.
Cheapest Dumpster Rental in Crescent Mills - Is It Worth It?
Obviously you need to spend as little money as possible when renting a dumpster in Crescent Mills. Sometimes, though, the most affordable in Crescent Mills option isn't worth it. In fact, it may end up costing you more in the long term.
Choosing the cheapest option could mean that you just get a dumpster that's too small for your project. After you fill up the dumpster, you should have to pay for another to finish your job. It's generally more affordable to get a bigger size and prevent the hassle.
The most inexpensive businesses in Crescent Mills mightn't contain things like drop off and pick up fees. Make sure your quotes contain all additional fees. That way, you can compare costs precisely to get the very best price. Customer support another major consideration. Some companies keep costs low by cutting corners on service. The very last thing you would like is to waste time waiting for a truck to arrive by means of your dumpster.
When you rent a short-term dumpster, your aim is to fill it up and possess the waste hauled away. But in case you prefer your waste recycled, you may have to go about it in a somewhat different manner. Waste in the majority of temporary dumpsters is not recycled as the containers are so large and hold so much material.
If you're interested in recycling any waste from your endeavor, check into getting smaller containers. Many companies in Crescent Mills have a broad variety of containers available, including those for recycling. All these are usually smaller than temporary dumpsters; they're the size of regular trash bins and smaller.
If you'd like to recycle, figure out if the business you are working with uses single stream recycling (you don't need to sort the stuff) or in case you will need to organize the recyclable material into different containers (aluminum cans, cardboard, plastics, etc.) This will make a difference in the number of containers you need to rent.
When you rent a dumpster in Crescent Mills, you're dealing with professionals who use terms associated with the construction industry and dumpsters each day. Because you likely do not use these terms every single day, here's a bit of the lingo to get you acclimated. This can actually enable you to deal with company workers who may get impatient if you don't realize what they are explaining about their products.
"Container" and "roll-off" are both acceptable terms for the big metal box you need to rent. Professionals do not use the term "dumpster" as much as the other terms. Containers are usually leased in cubic yard sizes, but you do not have to include the "cubic" part. Simply say "yard" or "yarder." If, for example, you want to rent a 30-yard dumpster, you can say, "I'm interested in a 30-yard roll-off" or "I Had like to rent a 30-yarder." Use these terms, and you will sound like a guru when you call.
All major credit cards accepted for dumpster rentals in Crescent Mills.


text:
EV Technology Group Commences Trading on the OTCQB Market, Offering US Investors Greater Access to the Strategy of Electrifying Iconic Brands
EV TECHNOLOGY GROUP OTCQB: EVTGF
TORONTO, July 11, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — EV Technology Group Ltd. ("EV Technology Group" or the "Company") (NEO: EVTG, DE: B96A, OTCQB: EVTGF), announces that it has qualified for trading on the OTCQB Venture Market in the United States operated by the OTC Markets Group Inc. and the Company's common shares ("Shares") commenced trading on the OTCQB under the symbol "EVTGF." The Shares are also eligible for electronic clearing and settlement through the Depository Trust Company.
EV Technology Group's mission is to electrify iconic driving experiences by investing in beloved automotive brands and helping them to transition to the electric era, such as MOKE International Limited ("MIL"). The Shares of EV Technology Group will continue to be listed on both the Canadian NEO Exchange (NEO: EVTG) and the Frankfurt Exchange (DE: B96A).
The listing on the OTCQB exchange will offer United States investors easier access to purchase Shares. The strategy is also consistent with the Company's broader US growth strategy – following the recent announcement of the opening of an office in California, under the leadership of former Lotus Executive Dan Burge.
As the largest shareholder of MIL, EV Technology Group has been a strategic partner helping to launch the Electric MOKE this summer, with the first production vehicles arriving in the South of France. Manufactured in the UK, the electric vehicles are available via EV Technology Group's wholly owned French subsidiary – with significant potential for the vehicle brand to expand to the United States.
"As EV Technology Group continues to grow, we are seeing very strong demand from investors – who love the strategy of electrifying iconic brands and are seeing the growth of the Electric MOKE. The United States is the world's largest investment market and we look forward to welcoming many additional shareholders who will have easier access to the opportunities we offer the market," said Wouter Witvoet, EV Technology Group's Chief Executive Officer.
"The United States is a key strategic priority for us," said Dan Burge, EV Technology Group's Chief Product Officer. "As we see increased global demand for our products like the Electric MOKE and increased EV adoption in the US, it makes sense for us to offer our Shares via the OTCQB."
U.S. investors can find current financial disclosure and Real-Time Level 2 quotes for the Company on www.otcmarkets.com. The Company's listing on the NEO Exchange and the trading of its shares on the OTCQB contribute to the genuine North American presence and affords investors preeminent access to trading.
About EV Technology Group
EV Technology Group was founded in 2021 with the mission of accelerating the adoption of electric vehicles and the vision to champion the joy of motoring in an electric world. As passionate investors and operators of EV technology companies, EV Technology Group believes in three things: electric vehicles are the future; EVs will transform the way people live, work, and have fun, and there is an opportunity to accelerate the adoption of this technology — beginning with a focus on technologies that have growth potential through targeting unique, niche, and underserved markets — by electrifying iconic driving experiences. To learn more visit: https://evtgroup.com/
Rachael D'Amore
rachael@talkshopmedia.com
Dave Gentry
dave@redchip.com
EV Technology Group
Wouter Witvoet
CEO and Chairman of the Board
wouter@evtgroup.com
Forward-Looking Information
This news release contains forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, the trading of Shares on the OTCQB and EV Technology Group's operations, expectations regarding the Company's business and the growth of the EV industry, and future actions by the Company. Often, but not always, these forward-looking Statements can be identified by the use of words such as "estimated", "potential", "open", "future", "assumed", "projected", "used", "detailed", "has been", "gain", "planned", "reflecting", "will", "containing", "remaining", "to be", or statements that events, "could" or "should" occur or be achieved and similar expressions, including negative variations.
Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from any results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the Forward-looking Statements, including those factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in the filing statement of the Company. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those described in Forward-looking Statements, there may be other factors that cause actions, events or results to differ from those anticipated, estimated or intended.
Forward-looking statements involve significant risk, uncertainties and assumptions. Many factors could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results discussed or implied in the forward-looking statements. These factors should be considered carefully and readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements. Although the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are based upon what management believes to be reasonable assumptions, the Company cannot assure readers that actual results will be consistent with these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the date hereof and the Company disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or results or otherwise, except where required by law. There can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.
THE NEO STOCK EXCHANGE DOES NOT ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS RELEASE
A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/a1d26dbb-8d9b-4dfd-96aa-805dce750dba
« Monaco Capital of Advanced Yachting Towards a More Sustainable Yachting Future
Star8 Corp Signs Binding Letter of Intent to Acquire 100% Of Luxury Hotel and Casino Pace Developments St. Vincent Inc. »


When central banks and world governments want to create more money, they fire up the printing presses. We saw this most recently during the depths of the Great Recession when the Federal Reserve created trillions of dollars seemingly out of thin air. This so-called quantitative easing (QE) program was hugely controversial, with some predicting it would lead to runaway inflation and others arguing the move was needed to protect the world economy from imminent collapse.
Only time will tell which side was right, but government printing presses around the world are still going strong. Those fiat currencies can be created on demand, and the amount that can be printed or otherwise generated is nearly unlimited.
The cryptocurrency market is a far different place, one that is governed by its own set of rules and restrictions. Unlike the open-ended nature of most fiat currencies, there is a limited supply of Bitcoin and other popular cryptocurrencies.
When Bitcoin first came on the scene, its developers announced that there would only ever be 21 million Bitcoins in the world. Once those 21 Bitcoins were all mined, there would be no more, and the price of the popular cryptocurrency would be governed by supply and demand alone.
So where will those 21 million Bitcoins come from, and how are they created? Unlike fiat currencies, which are made on government printing presses, Bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies are mined, but the process is an entirely different kind of mining.
Cryptocurrency mining is different, and these days it is mostly the purview of enormous mining operations – vast factories filled with high-end computing equipment. Many of the biggest cryptocurrency mining operations are located in China, while others are scattered around the world.
While Bitcoin mining operations exist all over the world, China is by far the largest player in the world of cryptocurrency mining. As of June 2017, China controlled some 71% of the cryptocurrency mining market. The second largest player, India, barely registers at just 4% of the worldwide mining market.
China's status in the world of cryptocurrency mining is made possible by meager prices for electricity. Those low electricity prices are used to power substantial mining farms, which consist of enormous rooms filled with state-of-the-art computer equipment.
Other factors help make China the number one cryptocurrency miner in the world. The country has an excess of coal, and largely unregulated utility companies are free to burn that coal without much oversight. That glut of coal, along with lax environmental regulations, allows miners for cryptocurrency to set up their operations near these rich coal sources, further lowering their costs and boosting their profits.
China is also a rich source of mining pools, collaborations between major mining companies and individual miners with computer expertise and their own equipment. These large mining pools combine the talents and the equipment of hundreds, or even thousands, or individual miners, significantly increasing the odds that their block-finding attempts will pay off. When those blocks are discovered, the profits are distributed among the members of the mining pool.
It is easy to see how a confluence of factors has come together to make China the leading country for cryptocurrency mining operations. The combination of cheap electricity, abundant coal, technical expertise and readily available labor has made China the cryptocurrency mining capital of the world, something that even an ongoing government crackdown seems unable to change.


text:
CNS může být zkratkou označující:

 centrální nervová soustava (zkratka téhož i v angličtině – )
 Církev a náboženská společnost
 IATA kód letiště Cairns v Queenslandu v Austrálii
 Centrální nákup státu, nástroj Ministerstva financí pro centralizované zadávání veřejných zakázek, spuštěno v roce 2014
 China News Service, druhá největší státní zpravodajská agentura v Číně
 Clustered Network Server
 Competence Network System
 Société du Chemin de fer Cilicie – Nord Syrie, francouzská železniční společnost

Externí odkazy


text:
Ugolino de Orvieto o de Forlì (Forlì, c. 1380-Ferrara, después de 1457) fue un clérigo, compositor y teórico musical italiano del Renacimiento. Se le atribuye la creación del pentagrama, añadiéndole una pauta más al tetragama inventado por el monje benedictino Guido d 'Arezzo.

Como músico, fue cantante de la catedral de Santa María del Fiore de Florencia y  maestro di capella de la catedral de Fiori, habiendo sido también integrante del coro de la catedral.

En su carrera eclesiástica fue párroco de la iglesia de San Antonio Abate en Ravaldino y canónigo de la catedral de Forlì. Participó en el Concilio de Constanza, celebrado entre 1414 y 1418. Además, fue diácono de la Catedral de Ferrara y vicario del cardenal Pietro Barbó, que como Pablo II lo nombró secretario papal en 1449. En este último papel, fue quien convocó al primer jubileo y estableció que se declarará un jubileo cada 25 años.

También tuvo actividad política y literaria. Como diácono de Ferrara se vio involucrado en la política italiana como miembro del partido güelfo, que apoyaba al papa. Esto le valió el exilio ya que los Ordelaffi, señores de Forlì, pertenecían al partido gibelino.

Expuso su teoría de la música en el tratado Declaratio musicaae disciplinae de corte humanista, en el que recuperaba las concepciones de Boecio y colocaba la musica coelestis como el fundamento de la nobleza y excelencia de la música.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Maestre Maestre, Joaquín, Pascual Barea, Joaquín, Charlo Brea, Luis (eds.), Humanismo y pervivencia del mundo clásico: homenaje al profesor Antonio Prieto IV.2, Madrid-Alcañiz, CSIC, 2008,

Compositores de Italia del siglo XV
Teóricos de la música del Renacimiento
Nacidos en Forlì
Fallecidos en Ferrara
Compositores del Trecento


upper door kits bookcase with cabinets on bottom base.
collection gracious goods canisters dinnerware gg wholesale.
bird deterrent spikes home depot do work for small birds canada.
wrap fence line frame barn board picture frames rustic the.
schoenhut kids piano home improvement cast jennifer.
how moths in closet clothes traps pheromone to get rid of naturally carpet your home.
alternative views cheap double sink vanity top ikea.
better homes and gardens piece square white porcelain dinnerware pertaining to sets design 8 dishes set dinnerwar.


text:
2019 Short Film Competition & Awards
Winter Gardens Film Festival COVID-19 (Coronavirus) statement
In line with the UK Government's public health advice we are sad to announce that we are postponing this year's Winter Gardens Film Festival which was due to take place from 22 to 25 May 2020.
We hope to reschedule the festival later in the year and will share any new dates with you as soon as we can confirm them. For those who have bought event tickets, we have issued full refunds so please check your bank accounts and emails.
Thank you to all our supporters and volunteers. Over the next few months, we'll make use of our social media and video channels to share some of our favourite moments from past festivals and online film recommendations. We'll also talk to artists, guests, volunteers and filmmakers, so that we can continue to nurture our little Festival community and hopefully welcome some new folks too!
A special thank you goes out to Arts Council England, who have agreed to continue funding support for the postponed performance and artists' moving image projects. This means that the artists we have planned to work with, will still receive their commissions and be able to create new work at this difficult time.
Our first priority is the health and wellbeing of our staff, volunteers, audiences, artists and filmmakers. We wish you the very best of health, please do your best to stay safe.
Catherine, Clancy and the Festival Team.
Winter Gardens Film Festival
Since 2014, the Winter Gardens Film Festival has provided a platform for cinema programmed and co-produced with the artists and creative communities of the Fylde Coast.
Facebook-f Instagram Twitter Envelope
Copyright © 2022 Winter Gardens Film Festival | Privacy Policy
Made with ♥ by Dragon Creative


text:
Q: can't get retrofit interceptor to work with twitter api this code snippet is from a github repo called tweetz:
public class RetrofitInterceptor implements Interceptor {

private String token = null;

@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
    Request request = chain.request();

    if (token == null) {
        ResponseBody body = chain.proceed(getToken()).body();

        try {
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(body.string());
            token = "Bearer " + jsonObject.optString("access_token");
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Log.d(RetrofitInterceptor.class.getName(), "Error fetching token");
        }
    }

    request = request.newBuilder()
            .addHeader("Authorization", token)
            .build();

    return chain.proceed(request);
}

private Request getToken() {
    String bearerToken = BuildConfig.CONSUMER_KEY +
            ":" + BuildConfig.CONSUMER_SECRET;

    String base64BearerToken = "Basic " + Base64.encodeToString(bearerToken.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);
    RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8"), "grant_type=client_credentials");

    return new Request.Builder()
            .url(BuildConfig.AUTH_END_POINT)
            .post(requestBody)
            .header("Authorization", base64BearerToken)
            .header("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
            .header("User-Agent", "My Twitter App v1.0.23")
            .header("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8")
            .build();
}

}
when i run the app, the following line causes a json exception
 JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(body.string());

here's the logcat output :
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err: org.json.JSONException: End of input at character 0 of
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at org.json.JSONTokener.syntaxError(JSONTokener.java:449)
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at org.json.JSONTokener.nextValue(JSONTokener.java:97)
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at org.json.JSONObject.<init>(JSONObject.java:156)
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at org.json.JSONObject.<init>(JSONObject.java:173)
01-29 06:24:44.923 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at com.rahulrv.tweetz.api.RetrofitInterceptor.intercept(RetrofitInterceptor.java:39)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at okhttp3.RealCall$ApplicationInterceptorChain.proceed(RealCall.java:190)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at okhttp3.RealCall.getResponseWithInterceptorChain(RealCall.java:163)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at okhttp3.RealCall.execute(RealCall.java:57)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at retrofit2.OkHttpCall.execute(OkHttpCall.java:174)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at com.jakewharton.retrofit2.adapter.rxjava2.CallObservable.subscribeActual(CallObservable.java:41)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10514)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at com.jakewharton.retrofit2.adapter.rxjava2.BodyObservable.subscribeActual(BodyObservable.java:34)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at io.reactivex.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10514)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at io.reactivex.internal.operators.observable.ObservableSubscribeOn$1.run(ObservableSubscribeOn.java:39)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:428)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:272)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1133)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:607)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz W/System.err:     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:761)
01-29 06:24:44.924 2837-2906/com.rahulrv.tweetz D/com.rahulrv.tweetz.api.RetrofitInterceptor: Error fetching token

i know the source of problem but i don't know how to solve it. is due to null ResponseBody object which means after we update the token and create a new request, the new request is not updated but why is that ?? i don't know??

A: Use HttpLoggingInterceptor and OkHttpClient to see all about request and response. the problem could be that body.string() is empty or null.
https://github.com/square/okhttp/tree/master/okhttp-logging-interceptor
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-scalars:2.2.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.8.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava:2.0.0'

Also check response status in Retrofit 2
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<YourModel> call, Response<YourModel> response) {
    if (response.code() == 200) {
       // Do awesome stuff
    } else {
       // Handle other response codes
    }
}

the response could be 200 (success response) and not wait a body (body null or empty) .