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Science Museum's new gallery will explore how London revolutionised science between 1550 and 1800
Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery will explore how London's scientists and artisans transformed our understanding of the world over 250 years
Free gallery spanning over 650 m² will take visitors on a journey through the metropolis during a time of momentous change
The gallery will feature iconic objects like Sir Isaac Newton's famous work, Principia Mathematica, Robert Hooke's microscope, that revealed the secrets of the natural world and spectacular objects commissioned by King George III as the monarch investigated scientific principles
Images L-R: Dutch terrestrial globe, 1599, made by Willem Janszoon Blaeu © Science Museum Group; Plate from book Micrographia, by Robert Hooke, 1665 © Science Museum Group; Newton's reflecting telescope, 1671 © courtesy of the Royal Society collections, 2019.
The gallery will take visitors on a 250-year journey through London as the city became a globally-important hub of trade, exploration and scientific enquiry. Opening on 12 September 2019, Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery will explore how London's evolution into a world city during this time facilitated the ground-breaking work of artisans designing precise scientific instruments and scholars placing empirical evidence at the heart of discovery.
The changing face of the city will be echoed through the gallery's design by artist Gitta Gschwendtner, an intriguing cityscape that will immerse visitors in historic London as they meet the innovative artisans and thinkers of the time. On entering the gallery visitors will be greeted by a beautiful celestial globe from 1599, designed by Willem Janszoon Blaeu, a cartographer for the Dutch East India Trading Company. The globe was created at a time when Amsterdam eclipsed London on the world stage and the gallery will chart the changes that repositioned the city as a world power.
The gallery will feature copies of Principia Mathematica, by arguably the most famous figure in British science, Isaac Newton. The work lays out the laws of universal motion and Opticks, alongside his own reflecting telescope of 1671 used to illustrate the principles of light and reflection.
Visitors will also get to see a microscope designed by Robert Hooke, the Royal Society's Curator of Experiments. Hooke used the microscope to create exquisite drawings of insects and plants that captivated the scientific community when they were published in Micrographia in 1665, making it the first scientific best-seller and leading him to coin the term "cell". As well as reflecting Hooke's curiosity and ingenuity, his microscope also reveals the close relationships he cultivated with London's talented artisans in order to realise his designs.
The relationship between science and the monarchy will be explored through a range of spectacular objects commissioned by King George III upon his coronation in 1761. An air pump and 'Philosophical Table', made by leading London instrument-maker George Adams, enabled the monarch to carry out a wide range of pneumatic and mechanical experiments for the education and entertainment of himself and his family. These instruments, along with the many others in the Royal Collection reveal the King's enthusiasm for science.
In the gallery there will be a range of models of machinery used by lecturer Stephen Demainbray, including a model of the pile driving machine used in the construction of Westminster Bridge during the 1740s, that revealed to Demainbray's spectators the engineering feats that were transforming the city around them.
Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery draws on three iconic scientific collections: the Science Museum Group Collection; the King George III collection owned by King's College London; and the collection of the Royal Society. Together they represent the evolution of London as a centre for scientific endeavour, when artisans and scientists worked together to reveal the hidden workings of their world.
Alexandra Rose, lead curator of Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery, said: 'Between 1550 and 1800, London transformed from modest commercial centre to major world city. Science was integral to this transformation, both shaping and shaped by the capital's ambitions and preoccupations. Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery unites objects from three extraordinary collections: the Science Museum Group Collection; King's College London's King George III collection; and objects and artworks lent by the Royal Society. Together these collections chart the birth of experiment and the growing desire for precision measurement that became the basis of modern science, and show how London fostered its own particular brand of scientific enquiry.'
Sir Ian Blatchford, Director of the Science Museum Group, said: 'I am delighted that we will have a permanent space in the museum to display some of the most beautiful and historically significant objects in our collection, and tell this fascinating story of how London helped shape science and, in turn, how science helped shape the city during this period. By the end of 2019 the Science Museum will have over 3,500 m² of new galleries open to the public, with Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery being followed closely by the Medicine Galleries which open in November. Creating spaces for visitors to enjoy our collection of iconic objects and stories is incredibly important and I'm thrilled to give people greater access to the Science Museum Group Collection.'
Beyond the gallery, the Science Museum is collaborating with youth groups in local boroughs to develop creative responses to key themes in Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery. The initiative is designed to inspire young Londoners with the city's history of combining scientific thought and artistic endeavour. Working with partners including EPIC in Kensington and Chelsea, The Lyric Hammersmith, and Caxton Youth Organisation in Westminster, young people aged 15-25 are creating films, artwork, craft and performance pieces that will be showcased early next year.
A new book, Science City: Craft, Commerce and Curiosity in London, 1550–1800 edited by curators Alexandra Rose and Jane Desborough will accompany the gallery. Published by Scala, the book delves further into the stories behind these fascinating objects.
Science City 1550–1800: The Linbury Gallery is funded by The Linbury Trust, the National Lottery Heritage Fund, DCMS/Wolfson Museums and Galleries Improvement Fund and The John S Cohen Foundation. The gallery is free to visit and will open to the public on Thursday 12 September 2019.
For further information or to arrange interviews please contact Senior Press Officer Freya Barry on freya.barry@sciencemuseum.ac.uk or 020 7942 4327.
Please find images available to download here.
About the Science Museum
As the home of human ingenuity, the Science Museum's world-class collection forms an enduring record of scientific, technological and medical achievements from across the globe. Welcoming over 3 million visitors a year, the Museum aims to make sense of the science that shapes our lives, inspiring visitors with iconic objects, award-winning exhibitions and incredible stories of scientific achievement. More information can be found at sciencemuseum.org.uk.
About The Linbury Trust
One of the group of grant-making foundations that are collectively known as The Sainsbury Family Charitable Trusts (SFCT), The Linbury Trust was founded in 1973 by Lord Sainsbury of Preston Candover KG and his wife, Anya, Lady Sainsbury, CBE, the former ballerina, Anya Linden. The Trust supports organisations and causes across a broad range of categories, including the Arts; Education; Museums and Heritage; Environment; Medical; Social Welfare and Developing Countries.
About the National Lottery Heritage Fund
Using money raised by the National Lottery, we Inspire, lead and resource the UK's heritage to create positive and lasting change for people and communities, now and in the future. Visit the National Lottery Heritage Fund website, follow @HeritageFundUK on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram and use #NationalLotteryHeritageFund.
About the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) / Wolfson Museums and Galleries Improvement Fund
This is the thirteenth round of a joint fund which DCMS runs in partnership with the Wolfson Foundation. The fund aims to provide capital funding for museums and galleries across England to deliver projects in one or a number of the following key areas:
Material improvements to the display and interpretation of collections, in both permanent galleries and exhibition spaces
Improvements to access and/or interpretation for visitors with disabilities
Physical improvements to public spaces to enhance visitor experience
Improvements to environmental controls, collections storage and conservation facilities to enhance the care of collections
The Wolfson Foundation is an independent charity that supports and promotes excellence in the fields of science, health, education and the arts and humanities, including awarding the Wolfson History Prize, the UK's foremost history prize. Since it was established in 1955, over £900 million (£1.9 billion in real terms) has been awarded to more than 11,000 projects throughout the UK, all on the basis of expert review.
About King's College London Archives
King's College London Archives, and the associated Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, preserve hundreds of valuable collections relating to the history of modern education, science, medicine, literature, conflict and culture, spanning more than two centuries. The collections include the research associated with the discovery of the DNA double helix in the 1950s, papers of hospice pioneer, Dame Cicely Saunders and those of the Army High Command in World War Two. The Archives has responsibility for the King George III Collection housed in the Science Museum, which was gifted to King's by Queen Victoria and which was originally housed in the Strand. The Archives fully support research, teaching and public engagement, including exhibitions and participation in projects such as the Georgian Papers Programme.
About the Royal Society
The Royal Society is a self-governing Fellowship of many of the world's most distinguished scientists drawn from all areas of science, engineering, and medicine. The Society's fundamental purpose, reflected in its founding Charters of the 1660s, is to recognise, promote, and support excellence in science and to encourage the development and use of science for the benefit of humanity. Visit the website, follow the Royal Society on Twitter or on Facebook.
About Discover South Kensington
Discover South Kensington brings together the Science Museum and other leading cultural and educational organisations to promote innovation and learning. South Kensington is the home of science, arts and inspiration. Discovery is at the core of what happens here and there is so much to explore every day.


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Bradford (Park Avenue) AFC
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Bradford Association Football Club was formed in 1907 and used the name of its ground, Park Avenue, to distinguish itself from Bradford City AFC and Bradford Northern RLFC.
The ground was established in 1880 as the home of Bradford Rugby Club, achieving their first major success by winning the Yorkshire Cup in 1884. Joining the Northern Union following the "Great Split" of 1895, the Park Avenue club enjoyed great success as a Rugby League club, defeating Salford in 1906 to win the Northern Union Cup. In spite of this success at the "handling game" there was also a demand for Association Football, and Park Avenue played host to both sports.
It is because of this common heritage that Bradford R.U.F.C. (since merged to become Bradford & Bingley R.U.F.C.), Bradford Northern R.L.F.C. (now the Bradford Bulls), and Bradford Park Avenue A.F.C. share the traditional colours of red, amber & black, still used by the Avenue club as their second strip. The current club colours of green & white were adopted first of all in 1911, continued throughout the club's stay in the First Division of the Football League from 1914 until 1921, and were again used in the late 50's and early 60's, including Avenue's last promotion season in the Football League in 1960/61.
The first game of Association Football played at Park Avenue was an exhibition game between Blackburn Rovers and a Blackburn & District XI in September 1882. In 1895 Bradford entered the West Yorkshire League and their first ever fixture at Park Avenue was a pre-season friendly against a side from Moss Side, Manchester. Bradford ran out 4 -1 winners in front of 3,000 spectators. At the end of the 1895/96 season Bradford finished level on points with Hunslet and after a play-off title decider between the two was drawn the title was shared. Also that season Bradford defeated Featherstone 4-1 in a replay to win the Leeds Workpeople's Hospital Cup.
The following season proved to be one of the most bizarre in Bradford's history. The newly formed West Riding FA decided to organize a new knock out competition, the West Yorkshire Cup, but decreed that no league competition would be run. This left local clubs with a mixture of cup ties and friendlies.
In 1897 Bradford joined the Yorkshire League where they competed against sides from the Midland League and clubs from West Yorkshire rugby league sides. The league proved to be much tougher than the West Yorkshire League and they ended a disappointing season finishing 2nd from bottom with just 9 points from 18 games.
In 1898/1899 Bradford again suffered a poor season and finished 4th from bottom with 9 points. On April 18th the Rugby Committee held a meeting and decided to discontinue the Association section at the end of the season, it being felt that the club was not in a position to continue it. This proved to be the end of Bradford's first flirtation with the round ball game.
On 31 May 1907 the club applied for membership of the Football League but were unsuccessful. Undaunted they then applied for the vacancy created in the Southern League by Fulham's elevation into the League and having been accepted, set about creating a worthy ground. A suggested merger with City came to nothing but the renowned Glasgow architect Archibald Leitch who had been responsible for Hampden Park and other major grounds was employed. His finished work would be capable of holding 37,000.
The club also entered a team in the North Eastern League and the first game played at the new Park Avenue was on 2 September 1907 when the first team beat Newcastle United Reserves with around 6,000 watching. The first Southern League fixture was at Elm Park, Reading and saw a 3-1 winning start. Another win at Watford followed and on 14 September 15,000 turned up to watch them complete a quick double over Watford with a 3-2 win. Results then tapered off.
In February Tottenham announced they were quitting the league at the end of the season and Queens Park Rangers and Bradford followed. The result was a bitter battle between the clubs and the league. The AGMs of the Football League and the Southern League were the same day, 27th May. Bradford resigned from the Southern League and the other two clubs were expelled. Fortunately the Football League accepted Bradford into the Second Division while QPR withdrew at the last minute and were accepted back into the Southern set-up but made to play most of their games midweek. Spurs were rejected by the Football League and remained in limbo until mid June when Stoke had second thoughts about Division Two and resigned. Spurs then tied with Lincoln City on a ballot before gaining their place by 5 management committee votes to 3.
The Park Avenue club was then reformed into a limited company and played its first Football League game at home to Hull City, winning 1-0. In 1909 the ground staged an international match between England and Ireland and it was an Irishman, Sam Burnison signed from Distillery in May 1910, who became the club's first player to win an international cap whilst with the club.
1912-13 saw the club reach the Quarter-Final of the FA Cup and the following season they finished runners-up to Notts County to beat Arsenal on Goal Average for the second promotion place. Their first game among the nation's elite couldn't have been much harder with the return of champions Blackburn Rovers to Park Avenue and 25,000 saw them go down 1-2. Just under 30,000 saw the meeting of the two Bradford sides at Valley Parade and over 21,000 the return fixture which completed the season which saw them finish in a best ever position of 9th.
After the war Avenue reached the FA Cup Quarter-Final again in 1919 – 20 but were relegated at the end of the next season. Worse was to follow with immediate relegation to the 3rd Division (North). They attempted to bounce straight back but were beaten into second place by Nelson. 1924-25 saw them finish as highest scorers with 84 goals including seven at Ashington. The following season they scored a club record eight against Walsall and ended as runners-up, and scored a total of 101 goals in consecutive seasons in 1925-26, 1926-27 and 1927-28. In the meantime, only six league matches were lost at Park Avenue in seven seasons from 1922-3 to 1928-9, a record unequalled in modern times.
1928 saw them promoted again as champions and it was in the 2nd Division that Albert Geldard became the youngest player at 15 years and 158 days to play in the Football League when he turned out for the club at Millwall on 16 September 1929. He left the club on 14 November 1932 to join Everton for a then club record fee of £4,000. One player the club was determined to try to keep was Jack Crayston the first professional player from Grange-over-Sands who started his career with Ulverston Town. He finally went in 1934 to Arsenal and in little over a year earned his first England cap. After injury cut short his playing career he returned to Highbury as manager.
Avenue meanwhile continued as a 2nd Division side and in the summer of 1938 made a tour of Denmark but war was soon to bring an end to the league programme once again.
Generally regarded as the greatest player ever to have worn an Avenue shirt was the late Len Shackleton, who started his Avenue career in the Wartime League programme in 1940, and who, up to his death, was a Vice President of the present club. "Shack" scored more goals for Avenue than any other player (171 in total) and was chosen for England inthe victory international at Hampden Park in 1946, but was transferred to Newcastle United in October of that year, scoring six goals on his Newcastle debut! Another Avenue player in the early postwar years was Ron Greenwood, later to become the England manager.
1945-46 saw the club reach the FA Cup Quarter-Final for a third time and further success came in the competition on 10 January 1948 when a crowd of 47,738 saw them win 1-0 at Highbury. The next season a huge 82,771 saw them draw 1- l with Manchester United at Maine Road in a tie which went to a second replay. 1949-50 saw them again relegated at what was to be the start of a decline into oblivion. The only bright spot was that 3rd Division football meant a return to Bradford 'derby' matches with an all-ticket 25,655 crowd at the game on 30 September. Another low point was reached at the end of the 1955-56 season when the club had to apply for re-election for the first time after finishing next to bottom. After that humiliation, the club colours were changed to green and white for the 1956-57 season. The directors decided (after the dreadful 55-6 campaign) that no Avenue team would again disgrace the old red amber and black colours!
Having finished in the bottom half two seasons later the club became founder members of the new 4th Division for the 1958-59 season. In their third season a run of six consecutive wins in April under new player/manager Jimmy Scoular ensured promotion in 4th place. Floodlights were installed for the new season and officially opened by the Czechoslovakian world cup side on 3 October 1961.
After one season in mid-table they were relegated again in 1963 despite picking up a point from a 2-2 draw at home to Bristol Rovers after which the visitors 'keeper, Esmond Million, was alleged to have allowed them to score as part of a 'fix', and the arrival of Kevin Hector in the side.
On 25th April 1964 Jim Fryatt scored a goal against Tranmere timed by referee Bob Simons and his linesman at four seconds, a record for the Football League. A faster goal is given to Colin Cowperthwaite at 3.55 seconds for Barrow against Kettering (December 1980), and others have been reported in non-league football. It was however to be Hector's goalscoring which was to sustain the club over the next few seasons. When he found the net for the 100th time in Football League games aged 21 years and 156 days only Jimmy Greaves and Dixie Dean had achieved the feat at a younger age and he finished the 1965-66 season as the League's top scorer with 44 goals. Hector left early in the 1966-67 campaign to Derby County for a £34,000 fee marking his departure with a 'pair' against Tranmere and the side slumped to 23rd and had to apply again to stay in the league.
The next season was worse with the club finishing bottom, a position in which Avenue were to remain for two more seasons until the league lost patience and replaced them with Cambridge United. The Southern League champions collected 31 votes, the same as Newport County, while Bradford with 17 had one fewer than Northern Premier runners-up Wigan Athletic.
It was to the Northern Premier League that the club turned for its future and they were accepted into membership for the 1970-71 season in a league increased from 20 to 22 clubs. With the professionals still there from the last Football League campaign hopes were high of an immediate return. The opening fixture, at Park Avenue, saw them entertain what has been described as "a very ordinary Netherfield outfit". Ordinary or not goals from Kershaw and Wroth without reply ensured the points went home to Kendal.
The death of Chairman Herbert Metcalfe on 24 October while looking for players in Glasgow threw the future of the club into doubt. His financial support had been vital and now the club had to sell to survive. Results were poor and after finishing 14th their application to the Football League for membership received only one vote in support. After a poor second non-League season 1973 saw the club finish 5th but they had to sell Park Avenue in April to a property company with Great Harwood being the final NPL opponents.
Avenue then moved in to ground share at Valley Parade but five points were all they could muster from the first seventeen games of the 1973-74 season. Defeat at the hands of Thackley in the County Cup proved to be another blow and on 8 April it was announced the club would stop playing at the end of the season. The final match watched by only 698 saw the club beat Great Harwood 1-0.
On 3 May 1974 the shareholders agreed to liquidate the company with debts of £57,652. The supporters then registered the name as a company and began again in the Bradford Amateur Sunday League Division Four playing in the old kit of the former club. After playing at Bingley Road and Hope Avenue in 1974 the club moved to Avenue Road and won promotion for the first time in 1975. The next season saw promotion again and in 1985 came promotion into the newly formed Bradford Sunday Alliance League.
In 1987 the club returned to play a fixture at Park Avenue and in 1988, whilst the "Sunday Side" continued, the "old club" was reformed, largely as result of the initiative of present Deputy Chairman Bob Robinson, and joined the West Riding County Amateur League. Both clubs were in business at the same time for a short while before the Sunday club disbanded and threw in its lot with the re-formed club. The following season Avenue were admitted into the Supreme Division of the Central Midlands League and after one season into the North West Counties League.
Unfortunately during this time, the club had to move out of Bradford in order to find facilities that would gain the approval of the various competitions, and Avenue have been tenants of both Bramley and Batley Rugby League Clubs.
Third place in the first season in the North West Counties League was enough to get them promotion to the top flight where they had mixed fortunes for three seasons. The 1994-95 season saw Avenue create an upset when, 20 points adrift of Clitheroe with just 13 matches remaining, they won the lot and took the title by four points. The UniBond League refused the club entry at its AGM but an appeal to the FA was successful, and the first few seasons back in the Northern Premier League (now the Unibond League) were ones of consolidation.
After three seasons ground-sharing at Batley Rugby League Club the club now plays at the Horsfall Stadium just a mile from the old Park Avenue ground.
Season 2000/2001 saw the Avenue become champions of the Unibond League Division One by 10 clear points, with the third highest points total ever achieved. With the championship also came promotion to the Premier Division of the Unibond League.
Within a couple of seasons Bradford (still the preferred title of the Club for many older supporters) established themselves in the top 10 clubs in the Premier Division of the Unibond League, but a loss of home form during season 2003/4 saw them slumping towards the bottom of the division. A final place in the top 13 was vital to ensure promotion to the newly formed Conference North, but this looked highly unlikely when long-serving and greatly respected manager Trevor Storton resigned in March with the club next to bottom of the division. Carl Shutt was appointed manager in mid-March, and a run of successful results led to a climb out of the relegation positions to a place in the 8 team play-offs for the final promotion position. Seemingly against all the odds Avenue won the play-off competition to claim their place in the opening season of Conference North.
Unfortunately another disappointing season in 2004/5 ended with relegation back to the Unibond League Premier Division, and Carl Shutt was replaced by Gary Brook. After a good start to the campaign Avenue struggled from October, this lead to a change in the management team when Gary Brook & Brian Crowther were replaced by Phil Sharpe & Clive Freeman in March 2006. Unfortunately the damage had already been done and Avenue were relegated to Unibond Division One. The bright spot of the season was winning the Presidents Cup beating Ilkeston 1-0 in the final. Phil Sharpe for a year then left to make way for Benny Phillips.
The club looked one of the favourites to gain promotion, but a sticky spell through winter saw Bradford lose in the play-offs. Another change came at the helm in February 2008, saw Dave Cameron arrive from Rhyl. Cameron managed to change the club's fortunes around, however, as nine victories in a row saw Avenue win the Division One North title.
However Cameron resigned in November, with John Deacey taking over the manager's position on a temporary basis. After a spell as Lee Sinnott's assistant, Deacey was handed the manager's role on a permanent basis for the first time in October 2009. But after finishing second in the league to local rivals Guiseley by one point, and reaching the final of the playoffs at Horsfall against Boston United and losing the match after extra time. John Deacey resigned as manager after Avenue's heartbreak. In the 2010 season Simon Collins took charge but was quickly replaced by John Deacey who returned for his second spell in charge. During the 2010-11 season Avenue finished third but lost to FC United of Manchester in the playoff semifinal.
Season 2011-2012 Avenue finished fourth but third being the true position as Northwich Victoria who finished second were expelled from the play offs. This allowed F.C. United of Manchester to gain the last playoff spot. Avenue and FC United of Manchester won both their matches for the right to play each other in the playoff final. After 90 minutes of play at Horsfall Stadium the score was still 0-0. But in the 118 minute the deadlock was broken by Avenue striker Tom Greaves, giving avenue promotion to the football conference north. The season also saw the club reach the first round of the FA Cup and the final of the West Riding County Cup, where they were narrowly beaten by Guiseley.
An impressive season back at that level saw Avenue finish seventh in the league, just outside the play-off spots. As well as a another run in the FA Cup which saw Avenue face Doncaster Rovers in the first round. Bradford put up a stern fight but were beaten 3-1 by Doncaster Rovers at the Keepmoat Stadium. Cup runs were the tale of the 2013-14 season as Avenue and Kidderminster faced each other in both the FA Cup and FA Trophy, Avenue claiming victory in the latter before finishing 10th in the Conference North.
2014-15 saw Avenue seriously relegation threatened as they dropped into the bottom three on Boxing Day. An incredible number of postponements kept John Deacey's side in the drop zone for months, but, after being taken over by Dallas based, Bradford born Gareth Roberts, some good signings and the promotion of club stalwart Martin Drury to assistant manager saw the club finish an extremely respectable 13th in the Conference North, as well as winning the West Riding County Cup. Deacey agreed to depart the club at the end of the season and Drury took charge at the age of just 29.
However, 2015-16 didn't go to plan and Drury agreed to leave the club in March with the team placed in lowly 17th, although with a number of games in hand. Darren Edmondson was immediately brought in with assistant Alex Meechan, less than a year after the pair led Barrow to the Conference North title. The pair steered the club to safety, and as Edmondson moved on to take on a lead role in the Carlisle United academy, assistant Meechan stepped up to take the role of Head Coach.
The summer of 2016 saw a number of changes at the club with the club officially ratified as a Community Benefit Society, and became Bradford Park Avenue Community Football Club. The change was heralded with a modernised club badge, and a new board of directors were elected. The club also created an academy system for the first time, setting up a partnership with nearby school, the Southfield Grange Academy. Former Avenue player and Yorkshire footballing legend Terry Dolan was appointed Director of Football to oversee the progress of the club on and off the field, as it looks to establish more links with the local community. However the first team struggled at the start of the season, and Meechan was relieved of his first team duties having failed to win any of his 12 games in charge, however he continues in his role as Academy Head Coach. Former Bradford City defender Mark Bower, who led Guiseley to National League North promotion before achieving safety in the National League the following season, was appointed the new Avenue manager in September. He led the club to an unbelievable escape as somehow he steered his side clear of relegation, with the form of a team in the play-off places.
The 2017-18 season saw the team pick up the form of the end of the previous season and went on to secure 7th place and a place in the play offs following a last minute winner on the final day of the season. Unfortunately it wasn't meant to be and the club were knocked out in the semi-final play-off game against Brackley Town. During the 2017-18 season it was also announced that the clubs academy would be moving from the current partnership with Southfield Grange Academy to an independent academy based at the Horsfall Stadium. At the end of the season current Manager Mark Bower and his Assistant Manager Danny Boshell were rewarded with a contract extension to the end of the 2020/21 season.
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Wong Plays with Absurd Ideas
Visiting architect Dong-Ping Wong talks about his unique approach with both undergraduate and graduate students.
The walls of Family New York's floating + POOL would act like a giant Brita filter, cleaning half a million gallons of water per day in the city's East River.
Architect Dong-Ping Wong knows how to have fun. When he visited RISD's Architecture department to speak on November 30, the San Diego native shared with students the importance of finding joy in their work.
"The field of architecture could be a lot funnier," says Wong, who's now based in NYC. "I find that incredible but absurdly impossible ideas make me giggle."
"This project began with an absurd idea and basically reversed the direction of the steps taken in a standard architecture project." Visiting architect Dong-ping wong
As co-principal with Oana Stanesco of the "environmental design firm" Family New York (in Manhattan's Chinatown), Wong straddles the worlds of "serious" architecture and pop culture with high-profile projects including over-the-top stage designs for pop star Kanye West. The traveling set for West's 2013 Yeezus tour featured a giant LED sun, a tractor beam that seemingly lifted the performer off the stage and an enormous moveable mountain. Describing West as "the hungriest person I've ever met," Wong says that working with him is incredibly inspiring.
Wong describes superstar client Kanye West as "the hungriest person I've ever met."
Since the recession hit in 2008 Wong has been concentrating on civic-minded, publicly funded projects that are focused on productivity and "making a positive impact on the larger world." One such project, the + POOL, has catapulted Family New York into the spotlight and taken most of Wong's time since 2010.
The floating, plus-shaped pool would actually clean half a million gallons of water per day in NYC's East River—"kind of like a giant Brita filter," Wong explains. The layered filtration system incrementally removes bacteria and contaminants to ensure that the pool is filled with nothing but clean, unchlorinated, swimmable water that meets both city and state standards.
Family New York cofounders Dong-Ping Wong and Oana Stanesco.
Wong launched a nonprofit to execute the project in part to keep the pool public and avoid the temptation to partner with commercial, private investors. His team has raised more than $300,000 via Kickstarter to fund testing, and he hopes to actually build the pool in 2021 (after obtaining a boatload of necessary permissions from the Department of Health and galvanizing the new legislation that will be required) for a total cost of about $21 million.
Architecture Professor Anne Tate praised Wong's unique approach, and asked how he capitalizes on changing technology and societal norms to initiate such unorthodox public projects.
"The timing was critical," says Wong. "We could not have launched this project 10 or even five years earlier than we did. Architects are generally good at responding to problems and working within constraints," he adds, "but this project began with an absurd idea and basically reversed the direction of the steps taken in a standard architecture project."
—Simone Solondz
Adeyemi Floats Innovative Ideas
Nigerian architect, designer and urban researcher Kunlé Adeyemi discusses his work at the Architecture department's first Wilbur E. Yoder Architecture and Technology lecture.
Talking Tools
Students, faculty and visiting artists consider the link between digital interfaces and the imagination as part of RISD's new tool ( ) series.
Designing Healthy Communities
Architects, designers, researchers and policy makers discuss strategies for initiating change and rethinking America's unhealthiest neighborhoods.


File no. 001-35785). These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this announcement.
the occurrence of unanticipated events, save as required by applicable law.
Date: 29/08/2018 03:27:00 Produced by the JSE SENS Department. The SENS service is an information dissemination service administered by the JSE Limited ('JSE').


Aqua Seal Fabric Protector can be applied to any Upholstery Rug or Carpet Fabric without changing the look or feel of the fabric. Whether its newly bought furnishings or a fabric which has been newly cleaned.
Repels hair and skin oils.
Here we have a carpet which has been treated with Aqua Seal Fabric Protector And one which has not. Because of the treatment the stain on the left has not Penetrated the fibre and can be easily cleaned .


Ellen currently serves as Chief Administrative Officer & Treasurer and is a Partner of D.W. Simpson. As CAO, Ellen oversees all of D.W. Simpson's operational and financial considerations.
Ellen joined the company in 1998. From that time until August 2011 when she moved into her current role as CAO, she worked as a recruiter. In her 13 years of recruiting actuaries, Ellen's primary role was candidate recruitment and client management for the company.
Ellen graduated from DePaul University in Chicago, earning a bachelor's degree in Music with a specialization in Flute Performance.
Ellen lives in the Milwaukee area and splits her time between D.W. Simpson's offices in Chicago and Milwaukee.


As trustee, you should keep accurate and organized records of the trust's financial records you receive from banks, brokerages, or other sources. The trust instrument or a request from a beneficiary may require you to prepare annual accounts, or compilations of all the trusts financial records for each year. You should also keep copies of the trust's income tax returns for at least seven years after they are filed.
Keep all the brokerage and bank statements year by year in individual files. In each file, keep the monthly statements, as well as any cancelled checks, deposit slips, or purchase and sale confirmations. Files should be kept in date order so that when you need to find a particular transaction, you can put your hands on it easily.
Annual accounts are those compilations of all the trust's activity and financial records for any 12-month period that you distill from all the information you receive. Your trust instrument should indicate whether you're required to prepare these accounts annually or only if a beneficiary asks to see one. But preparing them on a regular basis is a really good idea whether they're required or not.
Compiling all of your financial data into one place allows you to see how the trust has done over the past year. You can see what investment mistakes you've made and how to avoid them in the future. And, should a beneficiary or court demand to see one, you won't have to create one under pressure.
Like with financial statements, file annual accounts in date order so you can access them easily. It's not at all uncommon to have to go back through years of annual accounts in order to mine certain types of information, such as unequal distributions to beneficiaries. By having these accounts prepared, in order, and easily found, locating the information you need is a simple task.
You should keep copies of the trust's income tax returns for seven years just as you would do with individual returns. As trustee, you need to keep copies so you can easily reference past tax returns as needed.
Depending on the size of the tax return, and the amount of underlying information that's needed to prepare the returns, you can either choose to file all tax returns by date in one file, or open a new file for each tax year.
If the initial assets inside a trust arrive via a decedent's estate, make sure to obtain a copy of the Form 706, United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return. In it, you'll find the estate tax values of all the assets that have arrived in the trust. Keep a copy of Form 706 for as long as the trust is in existence. You may need to reference the form in the future.
If the trust owns business or partnership interests, consider hanging onto the trust's income tax returns (including all supporting documentation) for the trust's lifetime. The year-to-year activity in the partnership or business may impact the trust's cost in that business or partnership. When the entity dissolves, or the trust sells its share, having that information handy may be crucial in determining what tax, if any, is owed.


text:
Q: Codeigniter insert double quotes once Hi I have the following insert:
$full_pjt_save = array(
        'img_copertina' => $this->input->post('copertine'),
        'physical_already' => $this->input->post('physical_already'),
        'physical_format_product' => $this->input->post('formato_fisico'),
        'physical_format' => $this->input->post('physical_format'),
        'physical_format_vinile' => $this->input->post('formato_vinile'),
        'physical_boxqty' => $this->input->post('physical_boxqty'),
        'physical_tot_time' => $this->input->post('physical_tot_time'),
        'physical_qty' => $this->input->post('physical_qty'),
        'sale_price' => $this->input->post('sale_price'),
        'keywords' => $this->input->post('keywords'),
        'descrizione' => $this->input->post('descrizione'),
        'durata' => $this->input->post('durata'),
        );

$added_fields = $full_pjt_save+array('last_mod' => time());
$this->db->where('id_acquisto', $this->input->post('id_acquisto'));
$save_full_pjt_to_db = $this->db->update('progetti_'.$pjt_table, $added_fields);
$pjt_table_id = $this->db->insert_id();

This works fine, but I have a dropdown item where 'formato_vinile' is this:
45 Giri (7" Singolo, 45 Giri)
but gets inserted in the db cut after the double-quotes:
45 Giri (7
Is there a way to write it in full?

A: just escape your input $this->input->post(mysqli::escape_string ('formato_vinile'))
Apologies not a static call that was a bit of psuedo code though in CI (I am not a user)
$this->db->escape_str() ;

A: ok since i cant write it as comment cause of the code... here my idea:
its quick&dirty so you should modificate it a bit.
$added_fields = $full_pjt_save+array('last_mod' => time());
$this->db->where('id_acquisto', $this->input->post('id_acquisto'));
$this->db->set('physical_format_vinile', $this->input->post('formato_vinile'), FALSE);
$save_full_pjt_to_db = $this->db->update('progetti_'.$pjt_table, $added_fields);
$pjt_table_id = $this->db->insert_id();

note to unset/delete the key physical_format_vinile from your $added_fields array
its not tested but i hope it helps or give you an idea how to handle your problem.
*edit lets maybe check where is the exactly problem. can you do a var_dump($this->input->post('formato_vinile')) and check if the double quotes are still correct?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Javascript: Delete operator I am looking at the Mozilla Developers website on the concept of the delete operator. In the last sub section of the page referring to "Deleting array elements" two similar scripts are shown, but the only difference in the scripts is how they modified the array.
In the first script, I quite don't understand why "if" statement does not run. My current understanding is that delete operator "removes the element of the array". If I were to type trees[3] in the console, it would return undefined in the console.

var trees = ["redwood","bay","cedar","oak","maple"];
delete trees[3];
if (3 in trees) {
    // this does not get executed
}

The second script seems to "mimic" the delete, but not literally. Undefined is assigned to trees[3]. It doesn't make sense to me how the "if" block runs in this script, but the first example does not. Can anyone help me understand this JavaScript behavior?

var trees = ["redwood","bay","cedar","oak","maple"];
trees[3] = undefined;
if (3 in trees) {
    // this gets executed
}

A: In your second example the key 3 still exists. It just holds a value that happens to be undefined. It IS confusing, but that's just the way Javascript is.
The in operator just checks if the key exists, not if the value is defined.
If you were to output the whole arrays after each of your "deletions" the first example would display something like this:
["redwood", "bay", "cedar", 4: "maple"]

Whilst the second example would print out something like this:
["redwood", "bay", "cedar", undefined, "maple"]

So as you can see, in your first example the key is completely missing and it continues with the next key which is 4. In the second example the key still exists, but it's value is set to undefined.

A: There is a huge difference between the two methods you are trying:
Method 1:
You are deleting, destroying, completely removing the key 3 in your array called tree, hence there is no 3 in tree left, and the if check returns false.
Method 2:
You are assigning a new value to the key 3, which is undefined, there is still 3 in tree, and the if check returns true.

A: There is a difference between undefined which is set by the user and undefined which the javascript engine returns once something is actually undefined, meaning doesn't exist.
javascript can tell the difference between the two.
So in your example, when you do this:
var trees = ["redwood","bay","cedar","oak","maple"];
trees[3] = undefined;
if (3 in trees) {
    console.log("hi");
}

javascript can tell that property 3 exists, but it was set to undefined by the user.
to prove so you have the following:
if (5 in trees) {
    console.log("hi");
}

the property 5 of the array was never created, javascript knows it's undefined
by lack of creation and regards it as a property which doesn't exist, and therefore doesn't display the "hi"

A:
    if(3 in tree) {
        //Stuff that won't get executed
    }

is in fact correct, the thing is that in operator in Javascript does not work like in python, it simply checks if an object has a proprety. An array in javascript has a proprety 0, just like a string has a proprety 2 with the value someString[2].
the difference between delete object[prop]; and object[prop] = undefined; can be seen through object.hasOwnProperty(prop); or iterating through values or props of the object.


In conjunction with Mitre10's Helping Hands house build project, Niagara showed their support of the Nelson Marlborough Rescue Helicopter Endowment Trust by donating the entire timber weatherboard cladding section of the charity house. The donation included all the weatherboards, matching scribers and box corners from the Envira Weatherboard System.
"I would like to personally thank Niagara for donating weatherboards for the Helicopter House Build. It has been an amazing journey with a fantastic outcome, with us selling the house for $276,000 to a couple who really wanted to support the project.


The exclusive Terminal Palace Hotel & Spa, ideally located in a strategic position halfway between Rimini and Riccione, represents the ideal reference point for work meetings and business stays of all types.
The amply equipped, modern convention hall with a splendid view of the sea, is able to host up to 70 people comfortably seated, and is the is the ideal location for company meetings, congresses, training courses, symposiums, seminaries, castings and interviews for the selection of personnel.
Upon request, the exclusive hotel with a conference center in Rimini also organizes banquets and coffee breaks, light lunches, aperitifs (happy hours) and work breakfasts.


I am not in the habit of inviting authors on book tour to my home for dinner, but if I were, our life would be more interesting. Nevertheless, I took this step after hearing Donald Brown promote his book, The Morphine Dream, in Seattle a few weeks ago. Having written a memoir of my own, I consider it good form to support other memoirists. And this man's story is extraordinary.
It is hard to know where to begin with him. As a high school dropout, former Marine, and washed-up professional athlete, Don suffered an on-the-job industrial forklift accident in 1980 that subjected him to multiple surgeries for "severe internal derangement of the knee" and years of confinement to a wheelchair. Clearly his life had changed, and somehow he would have to take matters into his own hands.
In this way Don accomplished each of his goals. From a GED to community college to transfer into Amherst College, Don landed in the Harvard Law School of his dreams. Then in 1997, following graduation, "overweight, over fifty, a diabetic, and…. lucky to be walking at all," averaging 41 miles per day, Don made the 5,004 mile trek across the continent in 137 days. Starting at the finish line of the Boston Marathon in Copley Square and taking the northern route, he completed his journey by coming over Stevens Pass in Washington, and walking on down the coast through Oregon, Northern California and Big Sur, reaching his destination in San Simeon with the Pacific Ocean before him.
"I didn't even bother to take off my shoes. I simply walked right in," writes Don.
His method for turning dreams into actuality was always a carefully formulated plan of execution. While attending community college he distinguished himself by sitting front and center in lecture halls and winning every student award he could. At Amherst—still wheelchair bound—Don moved into a dorm the summer before starting "to figure out how to navigate the hills and dales of the campus, get my syllabi and books, meet my professors, and, most importantly, start reading." From the start, Don told everyone he met at Amherst of his goal of attending Harvard Law School.
Well, what could we say to that? Before us stood a man who in his life had learned so much about himself, tested it, and it held. I'm sure we squirmed a little in our chairs, then made every effort to buy the book.
That is when I invited him to dinner. What I recognized right away was his effectiveness in all things–something he hadn't even mentioned was the writing of the book and its publication, no easy feat, I know. And at the end of the evening, at his request, Don Brown went off with a copy of my manuscript, the memoir I mentioned.
Shhh…. He is reading it now.


text:
Robert Mueller Impanels Grand Jury in Trump Russia Investigation
Home » Robert Mueller Impanels Grand Jury in Trump Russia Investigation
In opinion, Politics
Robert Mueller Impanels Grand Jury in Trump Russia Investigation2017-08-032017-08-03https://news.unclesamsmisguidedchildren.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/uncle-sams-misguided-children-logo.pngUncle Sam's Misguided Childrenhttps://news.unclesamsmisguidedchildren.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/grandjurymueller.jpg200px200px
The Wall Street Journal reported today that Robert Mueller, the Special Prosecutor assigned to the Trump/Russia Collusion investigation, has secretly impaneled a Grand Jury in Washington DC. What does this mean, and what can a Grand Jury actually do?
Mueller was hired to find out whether any of Trump's team "colluded" with Russia during the campaign. A Grand Jury may reveal that the investigation is not over, and is still active. The White House drew attention to Comey's testimony that said Trump himself was not under investigation.
First, a Grand Jury can bring an indictment, but they are not a trial jury. They do not determine punishment, guilt or innocence. They work with a prosecutor to determine if charges are warranted. The impaneling of this Grand Jury is to decide if there is enough evidence to pursue criminal charges.
In an article about Grand Juries from 2014, Seema Lyer, a legal expert noted,
"The only requirement is that probable cause exists to support criminal charges against the accused person. In essence, the grand juror must feel there is enough evidence against the person to proceed to trial. It is a very low standard. You could have one witness, a victim, come in and testify without any corroborating physical evidence and get an indictment."
Hopefully, that won't happen in this case. But…and it's a big one…just the mere act of creating a Grand Jury is enough to further the narrative of "Russian collusion" against Trump and all of his team.
In America's media frenzy, people who are unfamiliar with the actual purpose of a Grand Jury will jump to the wildest conclusions.
Trent Franks, R-AZ recently called for Mueller to step down due to his close friendship with James Comey and some of his team of lawyers' support for Hillary Clinton. No response. Not a good sign.
Some lawmakers have even proposed checks to keep Trump from firing Mueller. The problem with that is they may be encroaching on the enumerated Executive powers of the President. Where were they when Obama ran away with the Executive Branch over the top of Congress? They were nowhere to be found.
Senators Lindsey Graham (R) and Cory Booker (D) introduced the Special Counsel Independence Protection Act (SCIPA) in an effort to prevent the President from firing Robert Mueller. It would require a panel of Federal Judges to decide whether the Special Prosecutor should be fired. So they have taken the step around the Executive Branch entirely to hamstring him for any actions at all. That action may not be Constitutional.
Ty Cobb, Special Counsel to the President stated, "We favor anything that brings this investigation to a swift conclusion." He stated that the President will cooperate fully with Mr. Mueller.
Which is all fine and dandy as long as the investigation is on the up and up.
What about all the times Hillary and Obama colluded with them- things like the Uranium One deal, Bill receiving $500,000 for a speech in Russia, the open unprotected email server…all of that makes you wonder if this really is a witch hunt, as Trump claims.
H/T Conservative Firing Line
Cory Booker, Grand Jury, Lindsey Graham, Robert Mueller, Russia Collusion, Special Prosecutor, Trent Franks, Trump-Russia Investigation
Nashville, TN Pro-Tip: Don't Bring a Fork to a Gunfight2nd Amendment, opinion
Murder Conviction Overturned for Blackwater Defendant; Others to be Resentencedopinion, Politics


text:
Q: Laravel - Eloquent subquery filter rows I want to get staff members whose level is equal to "Senior". I want to merge the user table with staff, as it carries the common information about the staff such as names, emails, etc.
Currently I'm using this in Eloquent:
$results = User::with(array('staff' => function($query) {
    $query->where('level', 'Senior');
}))->all();

If I run this I get all the users although level is not equal to senior, but I can see in the array staff object is empty.
Currently I do null checking to discard mismatching records.
Is there anyway to implement this in a better way, so when I filter something in sub-query, the main query will just return only the matching results array, so I don't have to do any null checking anymore.

A: with doesn't change the SELECT * FROM users query. It runs another query to fetch related models: SELECT * FROM staff and applies where on this one.
// this limits only related staff
$results = User::with(array('staff' => function($query){

  $query->where('level', 'Senior');

}))->get();

// this limits only users (it does not load related staff at all)
$results = User::whereHas('staff', function($query){

  $query->where('level', 'Senior');

})->get();

// and finally this will limit both users set and staff set
$results = User::with(array('staff' => function($query){
  $query->where('level', 'Senior');

}))->whereHas('staff', function($query){
  $query->where('level', 'Senior');

})->get();

Now, if you want to merge something, use simple join instead:
// I dont know what relation you have, so I assume User belongsTo Staff
User::join('staff', 'users.staff_id', '=', 'staff.id')
   ->where('staff.level', 'senior')
   ->get( array('users.*', 'staff.level', ...) ); // select fields you need

A: Your where statement isn't exactly correct. You forgot the '='
$results = User::with(array('staff' => function($query)
{
    $query->where('level', '=', 'Senior');
}))->all();


SemiWiki.com - GLOBALFOUNDRIES ASIC Update!
Back in my IP days we spent a lot of time with the ASIC companies chasing multi-million dollar licensing deals. IBM was a fierce ASIC competitor back then with leading edge processes and a silicon proven IP catalog that was unmatched.
Unfortunately that ended at 65nm as the pure-play foundries (TSMC and UMC) and fabless ASIC companies (eSilicon and Open Silicon) came into power. ASIC industry pioneers VLSI Technology and LSI Logic were assimilated while IBM ASIC would fade into the background using mature nodes. That all changed of course with the IBM Semiconductor acquisition by GLOBALFOUNDRIES in 2015. Not only did GF get the IBM advanced process technology, they got the famed ASIC business unit to rival TSMC's GUC and UMC's Faraday ASIC offspring.
Some may remember that Scott Jones and I visited the IBM Burlington fab (now GF Fab 9) late last year and got a briefing by GF ASIC VP Jim Rogers. Jim was a career IBM guy with 10+ years in the ASIC business unit. He gave us a spirited presentation about what GF was going to do in the ASIC business so I thought it would be interesting to see how things stacked up a year later. You can see his original slide deck HERE.
GLOBALFOUNDRIES Demonstrates Industry-Leading 56Gbps Long-Reach SerDes on Advanced 14nm FinFET Process Technology.
Santa Clara, Calif., December 13, 2016 – GLOBALFOUNDRIES today announced that it has demonstrated true long-reach 56Gbps SerDes performance in silicon on the company's 14nm FinFET process. As a part of GLOBALFOUNDRIES' high-performance ASIC offering, FX-14™, the 56Gbps SerDes is designed for customers seeking to improve power and performance efficiency while handling the most demanding long-reach high-performance applications.
During our visit last year the underlying theme of all GF presentations was execution which to me is, "Tell them what you are going to do, do it, then tell them what you did". One example from Jim's presentation last year is the SerDes roadmap and yesterday's 56Gbps SerDes announcement which is a clear example of execution and the IP leadership that GF gained from the IBM ASIC Business Unit. It was clear to Scott and I, then and now, that having a world class ASIC team with more than 2,000 chips completed across 10 process nodes, one of the largest if not THE largest silicon proven IP collection, and scalable leading edge manufacturing under one roof will again bring fierce competition back to the ASIC business, absolutely.
GLOBALFOUNDRIES is a leading full-service semiconductor foundry providing a unique combination of design, development, and fabrication services to some of the world's most inspired technology companies. With a global manufacturing footprint spanning three continents, GLOBALFOUNDRIES makes possible the technologies and systems that transform industries and give customers the power to shape their markets. GLOBALFOUNDRIES is owned by Mubadala Development Company. For more information, visit www.globalfoundries.com.


CS&Co. is the official distributor or The Humble Co. in New Zealand.
The Humble Co. was founded by dentists to create products that are good for you and kind to our planet. Every Humble purchase goes towards funding projects for the benefit of children in need. Donations are administered by the Humble Smile Foundation, a non-profit organization registered in Sweden.
Humble Brush has a handle made from 100% biodegradable, sustainably-grown bamboo. The bristles are made of nylon-6 bristles from Dupont. The packaging is eco-friendly, the box and inside wrapper are made from recycled materials, and can be thrown out with the organic trash.
Adult Soft (blue or purple), Adult Medium (blue or purple) & Kids Ultra Soft (blue or purple).
Available in Fresh Mint and Charcoal.


The gilet has become shorter now and is allowed to flap open a little at the bottom end. The front edge of the justaucorps appears slightly more curved, but the torso is still narrow and the skirts not overly flared. The stockings are sometimes worn under the breeches, but as often over them. The shoes continue square-toed, with small buckles.
The sleeve cuffs have reached their maximum size, reaching up to the elbow and often wider than seen here. The cravat is less prominent.
The allonge wig has made room for smaller wigs, still all curly, but short. Other wig types, which were to be the most popular ones during the following ears, started to appear. But the long variety was still seen, especially but not only on older and conservative persons, and for formal wear.
The accessories of a gentleman are the tricorn hat (still fairly high here), walking-sticks and, most importantly, the sword as a status symbol. The slit in the centre back of the waistoat and coat allowed it to stick out from underneath. That was of course not the main reason for having a slit: It was necessary for riding.


We were a cloud of trouble. There's no getting around it. We were a swirl of doom, and I was at the middle of it.
My mom was a witch. I don't mean a New Age earth goddess or Wiccan. She wasn't a peacenik or spiritualist. And she wasn't retaliating against other religions. Back then, on the open flatlands of Ohio before the turnpike brought the rest of the world zooming through, being a witch was private business.
They were, like the rest of us, living that horizontal life—roaming and forgetting, roaming and forgetting.
They would leave the pot, skillet, everything that clanked or banged. They would race through the final hours like spirits, like a passing dream in the sleep of Shawnee children.
It had been a solid month since his father had died from a massive stroke in the back yard and going on three weeks since his principal explained the bereavement policy, which Warren saw as an exit sign—a polite but clean way to end the droning anxiety of high school.
Maybe that was rock-n-roll's job—to drive things to their end, to turn people and all their contraptions into smoke.


text:
Q: Random number generator repeats every time? I'm trying to find a random number generator that will give me a single random number each time I run it. I have spent a week trying dozens of different ones, both from this site and others. Every time I run it, it gives me the same number! The only time it changes is if I change the range, and then it just gives me the new number over and over.
I am running Code::Blocks ver. 16.01 on Windows 7. Can anyone help?? I'm at my wits' end!
This code gives me a decently ramdom string of numbers, but still the same string each time!
#include <iostream>
#include <random>

int main()
{
  std::random_device rd;
  std::mt19937 eng(rd()); std::uniform_int_distribution<> distr(0, 10);

  for(int n=0; n<100; ++n)
    std::cout << distr(eng) << '\t';
}

I have tried the code on my compiler app on my phone as well.

A: Every pseudo random number generator will return the same sequence of numbers for the same initial seed value.
What you want to do is to use a different seed every time you run the program. Otherwise you'll just be using the same default seed every time and get the same values.
Picking good seeds is not as easy as you might think. Using the output from time(nullptr) for example still gives the same results if two copies of the program run within the same second. Using the value of getpid() is also bad since pid values wrap and thus sometimes you'll get the same value for different runs.  Luckily you have other options. std::seed_seq lets you combine multiple bad sources and returns a good (or rather, pretty good) seed value you can use. There is also std::random_device which (on all sane implementations) returns raw entropy - perfect for seeding a pseudo random generator (or you can just use it directly if it is fast enough for your purpose) or you can combine it with std::seed_seq and the bad sources to seed a generator if you are worried it might be implemented as a prng on your implementation.
I would advice you to read this page:  http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/numeric/random for an overview of how to deal with random number generation in modern C++.

A: The standard allows std::random_device to be implemented in terms of a pseudo-random number generator if there is no real random source on the system.
You may need to find a different entropy source, such as the time, or user touch co-ordinates.


I am using aston cam with windecrypt105. this combination is working well for the cyfra+ package via hotbird but except the three channels of absat (via hotbird)that is, polar, cinepalace,romance the remaining channels are not decoded without any message of wrong key or oudated key and the screen remains blank. i have tested both id(0025-000f)with their respective keys but gave no result. please someone help me.


Got the saddle all oiled and put together but I am not happy. It came out much darker than I expected. I used different leather this time, good leather, but from a different tannery and it must have took on the oil much easier. Any way, that ain't all of it, my camera won't take pictures now with out wavy lines in the pictures. Hopefully it is just a low battery. Here's a picture of the saddle, but not a very good one and it is so dark you really can't see all the work I went to in the carving!. Arrrrgggggg!
Had a nice visit with a feller from over by Aberdeen, who has Clyde's. He asked to see some pictures of my bale unroller. So here they are Ryan, along with a few others. Click on the pictures to make them bigger.
Here's the poem Ryan. feel free to copy it if you like. I couldn't make it copy and paste to an email, so decided to post it here.
I don't have to plug them horses in just so they can go!
And I'll leave them ol' tractors to them as don't know as much!
I went into the doctor yesterday for several little things, then on to Rapid. got some wood pellets. Decided I'd put my money where my mouth is and get some as I think we still have some cold weather to deal with. they will save if we don't just take up room in the little red shack.
Then I went to a meeting of the GF&P commission about the new tags for elk for this fall. I was pretty sure it was going to be good as we are way down on numbers of elk and most people think the lions are the problem. They got over 70 lion this late winter in 70 days. With hardly any snow. And no use of dogs. So most people figure there are way more lions out there than the GF&P is accounting for. Lots of people walked up to the mike and had their say and they limited their time to 3 minutes. Most didn't need it. Most said, less to no cow tags and lots more lion tags. A few want to see an open season until it is hard to see or find a lion and get these numbers corrected. One lady thought they ought to quit hunting lions as they are just wonderful little kitty' kitty's and really do no harm.Several people cussed the landowners for always getting a elk tag. I guess they figure just because a rancher feeds them all year he shouldn't get any better deal than any one else. Seems to me like those that feel that way should just go buy a ranch and run some elk, so they'd always get a tag. Most landowners testified that they hardly see any elk now as compared to numbers just a few years ago. Puzzles me, why they worked so hard to get an elk population and then the lions eat them . The commission has a tough job and many were angry with them and the GF&P. Face it, folks was perturbed. I got to meet and visit with the head guy of the GF&P and I know one of the commissioners a bit. Saw several people and talked to them who I have only met on line before.
One problem that came up is the lions are eating almost all of the calves born in the spring. For several reason. I think some good ideas came out of it and it was worth the drive to watch. Hopefully these people will get at least some of what they want.
Oddly, Wind Cave Park is right next to Custer State Park and Wind cave has too many elk. but then, they don't allow hunting, but they do have their fence set up so elk can leave and not get back in until after the hunting season. Seems to me like they could just drive some elk over into Custer State park, but then, I am sure there is a reason the Elk don't want to go to Custer State park and I think it is because there is less open ground, more tees, so less feed and better for the lions. I don't think elk are all that stupid. they are going to stay or go back where they have feed and fewer predators.
It was brought up by several people that there are wolves out there, something most of us dread, after watching what the eco tards have done with their lying ways about the wolves that started in Yellowstone and have now spread out across the west in much larger number than were promised. They wanted 125 or 165 wolves and their are hundreds now, maybe thousands, yet they fight the hunting or trapping of wolves every where. Just like they fought all the tree cutting in the Black Hills and now we have a huge bug problem and trees dying all over. Wish we could get a lawyer and sue all these groups like Friends of the Forest, the Sierra Club and the like. They have caused this problem and now we all have to pay to try and fix it. Mother Nature will take a big hand as we have dry years and many trees will burn and then there will be a great outcry that we are burning down the forests. Look at what just happened in Colorado. And all those who have built in the timber will scream because their houses will burn.
Face it as a whole, people are stoopid!
It was real nice this morning but then a south east wind picked up this afternoon and it's really blowing now.
I got the cows fed then truned the horses out and loaded Tank up and hauled him to the vet to get gelded. the vet was gone when I got there so I just left him and went on down to Phillip, ate some lunch and then on and waited at Kadoak for Marty. He cam about 2:45 and I got the Blue horse back and then back to the vet's. Got Tank back and then on to Eric's where I picked up a colt he has been training on, Pard. Blue and Pard will go to Chance, sounds like. Maybe just Blue at first and after he needs another one, then send Pard on, unless I fall in love with him in them mean time. They both need their feet trimmed. Must be that I ain't the only one who doesn't like to trim feet!
No colts worked with today, other than the ones I hauled. Oh well, there is always tomorrow.
Finished up the cantle binding on the saddle last night. Now to polish and smooth and put concho's on, pull down the strings and oil it and rig the latigo's and stirrups and it's ready to ride. I'll post a picture when I get it all done and ready to go.
That ol' wind picked up last night and with it came thunder and lightning. Started at least a couple fires in the area. One big one out on the gumbo. Sounded on the fire radio like thy had lots of trucks, but were having trouble getting to the fire. It's rough country and summer range and it's always hard to find your way around in the dark. At least one truck got stuck. Found a soft wet spot. There was evidently just enough rain came with the storm to make the gumbo sticky. I turned the radio on this morning but didn't hear anything, so between the trucks and the rain, they must have gotten it. Luckily, only one person lives anywhere close to where it was and there was a water course between the buildings and the fire, but as hard as the wind was blowing, it probably wouldn't do a lot of good. We got maybe 15 hundreds or even a quarter inch. Not a lot, but more than we had. Wind blew pretty stiff today. When I rolled out hay the wind caught some of it and blew it into the fence line. Cows won't even have to lower their heads to eat that. If they can catch up with it!
I've been working on the saddle, sewing the cantle binding this afternoon. My fingers are getting sore!
Almost foggy this morning, but it burned off by late afternoon. The tire I had fixed on the pickup the other day was trying to go flat again, so after dinner I worked on my saddle a bit then drove it over to Punkin Center and they found another little hole. Sorry cheap tires!
When I got home the sun was shining and the wind was going down so I worked Brody and the filly.
Supposed to really blow hard tomorrow, so a good day to work inside when I get the cows fed. Steaks on the broiler for supper!
Cool south east wind blowin' this morning. Had to dress up warm to go feed. Didn't work with colts today. Worked in the leather shop a bit and had some youngsters over and me and Paige jammed. Looks like we got some moisture headed this way. We'll take it.
I got this from Bud Williams website. Everyone ought to go there and read. so much knowledge about life and especially the life we as ranchers live.
Here's a good page to start on.
Windy today and supposed to be tomorrow also. Imagine that….
After feeding this morning I aired up the rear pickup tire and went over to Punkin Center and had it fixed and also got some oil for the loader and had the oil changed in the pickup. Kind of a costly deal!
Ate an early lunch at Bull Creek and visited with some young folks. They might come visit tomorrow and we will have a jam session.
When I got home I had a short siesta and then went out and had a quick session with the two colts. Both went real well. I had drug a larger and heavier tractor tire into the corral this morning with the team and dropped off the smaller one. So when I hooked Wren and Ron she could feel some weight back there. Don't know if it was that or just the progress, but it went real well. I also set the evener so she was pulling more than half the load. I didn't work them too long, but it was a good session. If it was less windy I might have took a trip outside, but there is no hurry. Now for a shower and then Mass.
Just a little this morning. Finally the sun cam shining thru' around noon. When I put the dogs away last night you could really smell, wet. A good smell.
Got the cows fed and had a good session with Brody. I had a flat on the rear of my pickup so I aired it up and let it set a half an hour to make sure it wasn't too fast of a leak. I wasn't so I drove over to Punkin Center to get it fixed. They were having their big open house at CBH so I couldn't get it fixed, so i guess I just had a nice trip. I'll probably drive over tomorrow and get it done.
When I got home I worked with Wren and she had a good session. Then I have been working in the leather shop since.


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Q: Does brown but transparent swimming pool water heat significantly faster than western style highly chlorinated pools? Eastern European swimming pools are often brown tinted water. i was told it was the color of the chemical to keep the pools clean, but who knows. These pools did not smell unsanitary and may have even been the result of original brown listerine. May be it was just iron from a natural spring. The pool was still transparent as one could see the bottom of the deep end, but was definitely tinted brown. What would that chemical be? Would it significantly warm the pool by capturing more of the Sun's light?
These were traditional pools, not the more recent and highly popular natural swimming pools.

A: Yes, colouring the water could make the pool heat faster, though whether the colour you noticed has an significant effect is debatable.
Swimming pools exchange heat with their environment by conduction through their walls, evaporation at the surface and absorption of sunlight. I have little direct experience of swimming pool thermodynamics, but some Googling suggests that evaporation is the main way heat is lost, and (if it's sunny) absorption of sunlight is the main way heat is gained. Presumably heat conduction through the walls is slow enough to be small compared to the other two.
The sunlight hitting the pool is proportional to its area, so that isn't easily changed. However the proportion of the sunlight absorbed is equal to the incident sunlight minus the reflected sunlight, and you can change the reflectivity. For example if you paint the bottom and walls of the pool black they will heat faster than if you paint them white, and the walls will then heat the water faster.
Under normal circumstances water absorbs relatively little light, so sunlight heats the walls and the walls heat the water. However if you put black ink into the water the sunlight will heat the water directly. So the black ink would decrease the overall reflectivity of the pool just as painting the walls black would, and it would increase the rate of heating.
So, the brown colouring you noticed will (probably) decrease the overall reflectivity and thereby increase the rate of heating. However if, as you say, the bottom of the pool is still visible I doubt the effect is very great.


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County amends Exley tract pact
Developers and representatives of the New Savannah tract are ready to move forward after Effingham County commissioners agreed Tuesday to amend a longstanding agreement on water.
Representatives from the New Savannah and Exley tracts asked the county to re-do their pact on water and sewer service for the more than 1,000 acres between Goshen Road and Highway 21. The tract also had its rezoning from planned development-mixed use and industrial to planned development-mixed use approved.
Because of the change in the nature of the project, county attorney Eric Gotwalt said, the Exley and New Savannah group asked the contract be revised in terms of the capacity they now expect to use, rather than the capacity that was in the original deal.
To get the lines to their property, the developers had paid the county $3.5 million and were in line to pay another $3.7 million over the next five to seven years. But in order for the group to get those credits, that would have tied up potential impact fees from properties the county currently cannot serve.
"We put $3.5 million in cash to this deal to get construction to get started," said Murphy McLeain. "We have a regional lift station that we donated the land for that will serve other properties around. That's all installed. It's been in place for a while.
"We're delighted the county has worked with us and look forward to this being a revenue driver for the county."
Though not getting the cash flow is a drawback, the county is now tied into promising revenues from future impact fees, according to Gotwalt.
"There are pros and cons," he said, adding he and county administrator David Crawley met several times with Exley/New Savannah group. "We think it's a fair trade off, given the current economic situation. The residential development has slowed down significantly, so there would have been a cash flow problem (anyway)."
David Howze, one of many neighboring residents to question the rezoning proposal, also inquired if the new deal wouldn't hamper the county's revenues.
"What is it going to cost the taxpayers to amend that agreement?" he said. "The current agreement states that the impact fees would bring in $15 million in revenue. The county has still provided what it said it was going to provide."
Gotwalt said what has changed is the developers won't be using as much of the sewer line.
"But the county will have added capacity," he said. "In the long term, we'll have that capacity and we expect that it will be used."
Crawley added that the infrastructure now in place can be used to provide service to areas that since have been rezoned.
McLean said that as the tracts are developed — the southern tract, which is zoned industrial, is expected to be done first — there will be impact fees paid by the developer.
"That will go toward paying for water and sewer infrastructure," he said. "We paid for the capacity that is existing down there now. The county is planning on extending lines from where we stop, to be served from lines off our lines. On the residential area on our north side, everybody is going to be paying the normal impact fees."
How quickly the industrial area will be developed could be answered soon.
"We have an interested developer/buyer right now," McLean said. "He has two buildings in mind. We have a lot of national and international interests that are mainly port related. So we see the park as an asset for the county, as we've said all along."
New Savannah representatives pointed to forecasts that the port of Savannah would triple its capacity within the next 10 years, putting warehouse and distribution space at a premium. The land's proximity to the port is seen by its group as a tremendous asset.
"More of the West Coast warehouse and distribution outfits are looking at the East Coast," McLean said. "They're at capacity now. There might be a lull now, but there's another wave coming."


against elderly people, both in hospital and in community care.
assessment process across health and social care for older people.
arranged for the person to provide a seamless service.
things be better under the single assessment process?
Promoting an active and healthy life.


Our SEPTEMBER 2016 issue is OUT!
Please find your copy, available at local vendors throughout the Big Bend, from Fort Stockton to Lajitas, from Marfa to Marathon.
We only post a handful of stories and photos here online (We got tired of giving our content away for free). If you'd like to receive your copy of the glorious print edition of the Gazette in the mail each month, please subscribe. Just send us your mailing address and a check or money order for $28 to: The Big Bend Gazette, PO Box 466, Terlingua TX 79852.
We welcome feedback, questions, suggestions for improvement, and submissions of all kinds. Contact us: 1.432.386.0478 or email: editor [at] big bendgazette.com.
Thank you so much for your interest and readership.


text:
« The Quick Fix Fallacy
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A Brief History of Dog Training
Published 2007-06-03 | By dobelady
Fortunately for dogs, in the last few decades the scienctific study of canine behaviour has taken off dramatically, and there has been an explosion of new knowledge available to us.
This comes mainly from two fields, ethology and psychology.
Ethology, a branch of zoology, is the study of animals in their natural habitat, without human intervention. Probably the most famous canine ethologist is Nobel Laureate Konrad Lorenz, whose work has led to a profound understanding of the dog's social and individual behaviour.
Health ethology focuses on the study of domesticated animals in their manmade environment, and has led to a greatly deepened understanding of the dog's physical, environmental and social needs when kept as a domestic pet or working animal.
The other important field which has contributed to our understanding of animal behaviour is psychology, and in particular behaviourism. From this field, and in particular from the work of Pavlov, Skinner, Breland, the Baileys and, more recently, Karen Pryor, we have obtained an elegant and accurate theory of how animals learn. The application of this theory has given rise to modern, leading edge training methods such as clicker training, which relies on precisely-timed delivery of rewards rather than clumsy and inappropriate punishment, and is rapidly becoming the method of choice of serious competition handlers because of its extreme accuracy. This is without doubt a long-overdue and very welcome revolution.
One of the most important realisations to be made from all this research is that much of the dog behaviour that owners regard as problematic is in fact completely normal for dogs. Barking, jumping up, digging, rolling in dung, fighting, urine marking…the list goes on. It's often a great relief for frustrated pet owners to be told that the terrible things their dog is doing are in fact just what dogs do and nothing to be concerned about.
It becomes clear, though, from the above that getting our dog to behave appropriately in our home is usually an issue of training, that dogs don't come with basic obedience commands pre-installed, and that we have to put a fair amount of effort into overcoming what comes naturally if we want a well-behaved, well-mannered dog…
This is an archive
Welcome to the Dog Zone
The Clicker Primer
We don't sell dogs!
Clicker Primer
Humans and Dogs
Obedience Online
Puppy Focus
Test Articles
The Zoo of Life
Theory and Background


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ACEH UTARA, Jan. 24, 2023 (UNI/Xinhua) -- Children stand near houses damaged by flood water due to heavy rain in Lubok Pusaka village, Aceh Utara district, Aceh Province, Indonesia, Jan. ...
Secretary-General António Guterres delivers opening remarks at the Ocean Race Summit, held in Cabo Verde. He said, "Ending the ocean emergency is a race we must win. And by w ...
Secretary-General António Guterres (third from left) delivered opening remarks at the Ocean Race Summit, held in Cabo Verde. He said, "Ending the ocean emergency is a race we ...
Secretary-General António Guterres (centre) delivered opening remarks at the Ocean Race Summit, held in Cabo Verde. He said, "Ending the ocean emergency is a race we must win ...
Secretary-General Meets President of Cabo Verde
Secretary-General António Guterres (centre) meets with José Maria Pereira Neves (second from right, hand up), President of the Republic of Cabo Verde.
DAVOS, Jan. 16, 2023 (UNI/Xinhua) -- This photo taken on Jan. 15, 2023 shows the logo of the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland. The World Economic Forum (WEF) Annual Meetin ...
World in Photos : Jan. 3, 2023
World in Photos : Dec. 12, 2022
Rishi Sunak after winning UK PM race
World in Photos : Oct. 7, 2022
Protests against China highlighting human rights violations staged globally on its National Day on Oct 1
World in Photos : Sept. 21, 2022
World in Photo : Sept. 18, 2022
77th UN General Assembly


Tiffin is named after Edward Tiffin, the first governor of Ohio, and grew up around the original Fort Ball site. It is the county seat of Seneca County.
Tiffin has long been known for its history and architecture. St Paul's United Methodist Church in Tiffin is the first public building in the world to be wired for electricity during its construction in 1884. Thomas Edison heard about the builder's daring, forward thinking and presented them with a beautiful brass chandelier which lights the church today.
The city of Tiffin was the first in Ohio to have an electric power plant and only the third in the country. At one time Tiffin was noted as a glass and porcelain manufacturing center. Today, Tiffin glass is a favorite of collectors and is displayed in Tiffin's Glass Museum, glass shows and fine homes across the country.
Tiffin is located between Toledo, Cleveland and Columbus, accessed by major highways from all directions and surrounded by rural communities. The city has a total area of 6.6 miles with the scenic Sandusky River flowing through the center of town. The Seneca County Airport is just at the edge of town. Amtrack and four major airports are well within driving distance. The city is served by cabs as well as a senior and national bus line.
Tiffin's population was 17,828 as of the 2012. Tiffin is often referred to as "The Education Community" with two universities and numerous trade, technical and vocational schools. It is also served by city schools, a charter and a Roman Catholic high school. Weekday Religious Education has been offered to the city's elementary and middle schools since 1940.
Tiffin supports its many city parks, county museum, library, county fair, festivals, home and garden tours, concerts, parades and much more. It is home to a shopping center, mall and downtown businesses, industrial park and a flea market. Numerous sports, cultural and social events are held every week in Tiffin.
http://www.tiffinohio.gov/ - Chamber of Commerce, Visitors Bureau and more.


Foods, healthy foods that is, were created by God to nourish, replenish and to energize you, not make you feel tired and sleepy after eating. It's true that eating certain kinds of unhealthy foods that are full of carbohydrates and sugars can zap you of your strength and energy (I'll explain how later). Unless you're an athlete they make you fatigue after eating them.


How to watch Cavs vs. Celtics.
The Cavs host the Celtics in Game 4 of the Eastern Conference Finals on Tuesday night, staked to a 2–1 lead.
After surprisingly dropping Game 3 to an Isaiah Thomas-less Celtics squad, the Cavs need a win to get back on track and move toward the Finals, where the Warriors await a potential rematch. Cleveland will look to recapture its stellar playoff form, as will LeBron James, who struggled during Sunday's loss.
Boston will lean on the guard tandem of Avery Bradley and Marcus Smart to pick up the injured Thomas' production once again.


On a foreign trip, we had the opportunity to talk with people about our embarrassing election. While we're very disappointed in Americans who support Donald Trump, foreigners were surprised that Trump was allowed to proceed to candidacy after his crass displays of misogyny, incendiary remarks and unstatesman-like behavior.
Have we become so desensitized that we can't identify rude and unacceptable behavior? Our populace takes advantage of First Amendment rights with no concern for social responsibility. Are we so paralyzed that we can't take a stand against deplorable behavior and have truly become ugly Americans?
Remember Nov. 8, 2016, the culmination of a year of campaigning by the most incompetent, despised, derided and despicable candidates ever to run for the highest office in the country.
For the past year, I have felt embarrassment, frustration, anger and shame while the candidates covered their mud stains with a white sheet and lectured us about character, competence, values, fitness for the job and glass ceilings.
The winner won't have a mandate. It was a race to the bottom, and votes went to the apparently least toxic of the candidates. I could not write their names on the ballot.
Re "Latino surge will echo across the generations" (Editorials, Nov. 8): The Bee writes that the surge in Latino voters will echo across the generations. It probably will, but the result may not be what either side of that argument wants.
With open borders and amnesty, by the melting pot of legal immigration will disappear. The country will balkanize.
Conservative areas will ignore what they feel are oppressive laws, and liberal areas will ignore older laws they consider to be from a pre-enlightened era. Juries made up of people feeling disenfranchised will increasingly trash what's left of the law, as happened with the Ammon Bundy verdict.
Yes, that surge will give you a brave new world. I hope you're ready for it.


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A Tattle Tale, Too January 25, 2023
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Teufel Hunden
We all saw it, and yet, can't explain it. Continue reading Teufel Hunden


Last month's imposition of the 15 per cent foreign buyers' tax by the British Columbia government has spurred a mass exit of hopeful home owners from Vancouver to Toronto and Seattle, according to an international real estate portal.
Latest numbers from realty listings website Juwai.com, which serves Chinese buyers of homes abroad, revealed that purchase inquiries for Vancouver properties drastically fell by 81 per cent on a year-over-year basis in August, GlobalNews.ca reported.
Juwai officials surmised that the B.C. tax—intended to cool down demand from foreign nationals, who have been cited as a crucial factor in Vancouver's price increases over the past few years—has pushed away would-be buyers to other leading metropolitan markets in North America like Toronto and Seattle.
August 2016 saw the greatest volume of Juwai searches in Toronto in the past three years. Inquiries for properties in the city grew by 142 per cent year-over-year last month, according to Juwai.
Meanwhile, Seattle has become the top choice in North America for inquiries from Chinese buyers, with property searches in August rising by 143 per cent compared to the same time last year.
In its latest report, the Canadian Real Estate Association (CREA) revealed that Canadian home sales dropped for the 4th consecutive month in August, with Vancouver seeing the greatest decline. National sales numbers last month weakened by 3.1 per cent from July, while Vancouver transactions fell by 18.8 per cent in the same period.
CREA further predicted that B.C.'s new levy will lead to a 4 per cent decline in sales activity by next year, a forecast that has been backed by market observers.


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