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No cookies from the book today– but more soon!
Where to start when it comes to problems with the photograph of the baby? There are several, and all of them are important. But they'll be covered in the design section… except for one. And in a way, it's the most crucial of all.
You know more about good design that you think you do.
It's true because of the picture above.


text:
Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman.
Farida Balushi, Saif Khan, Dawood Riyami, Mohammed Ghilaini, Mahfooz Farooqui
To determine the incidence, etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a teaching hospital in Oman, we studied all adult cases that developed AKI at our hospital from July 2006 to June 2007. Data from the hospital information system (HIS) for all adult admissions in the wards and intensive care units for the study period were obtained, and included baseline serum creatinine, serum creatinine on the day of diagnosis, peak serum creatinine, urine output in the last six and 12 hours at the time of diagnosis, etiology of acute renal failure, presence of any co-morbid conditions, and renal replacement therapy and outcome. Of the 19,738 adult admissions, there were 108 episodes of AKI in 100 patients. The incidence of acute renal failure was 0.54%. The etiology of AKI was pre-renal in 55 (50.9%), obstructive in 5 (4.6%) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the remaining 48 (44.4%) patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required in 24.1% of cases. Of the patients who developed AKI, 36 (33.33%) died during same hospital admission, 37 (34.26%) recovered to discharge with no renal impairment, 32 (29.63%) recovered with residual renal impairment and 2 (1.85%) recovered with dialysis dependence.
Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia
Renal Replacement Therapy
Intensive Care Units
Balushi, F., Khan, S., Riyami, D., Ghilaini, M., & Farooqui, M. (2011). Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 22(4), 825-828.
Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman. / Balushi, Farida; Khan, Saif; Riyami, Dawood; Ghilaini, Mohammed; Farooqui, Mahfooz.
In: Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, Vol. 22, No. 4, 07.2011, p. 825-828.
Balushi, F, Khan, S, Riyami, D, Ghilaini, M & Farooqui, M 2011, 'Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman.', Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 825-828.
Balushi F, Khan S, Riyami D, Ghilaini M, Farooqui M. Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia. 2011 Jul;22(4):825-828.
Balushi, Farida ; Khan, Saif ; Riyami, Dawood ; Ghilaini, Mohammed ; Farooqui, Mahfooz. / Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman. In: Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia. 2011 ; Vol. 22, No. 4. pp. 825-828.
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title = "Acute kidney injury in a teaching hospital in Oman.",
abstract = "To determine the incidence, etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a teaching hospital in Oman, we studied all adult cases that developed AKI at our hospital from July 2006 to June 2007. Data from the hospital information system (HIS) for all adult admissions in the wards and intensive care units for the study period were obtained, and included baseline serum creatinine, serum creatinine on the day of diagnosis, peak serum creatinine, urine output in the last six and 12 hours at the time of diagnosis, etiology of acute renal failure, presence of any co-morbid conditions, and renal replacement therapy and outcome. Of the 19,738 adult admissions, there were 108 episodes of AKI in 100 patients. The incidence of acute renal failure was 0.54{\%}. The etiology of AKI was pre-renal in 55 (50.9{\%}), obstructive in 5 (4.6{\%}) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the remaining 48 (44.4{\%}) patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required in 24.1{\%} of cases. Of the patients who developed AKI, 36 (33.33{\%}) died during same hospital admission, 37 (34.26{\%}) recovered to discharge with no renal impairment, 32 (29.63{\%}) recovered with residual renal impairment and 2 (1.85{\%}) recovered with dialysis dependence.",
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N2 - To determine the incidence, etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a teaching hospital in Oman, we studied all adult cases that developed AKI at our hospital from July 2006 to June 2007. Data from the hospital information system (HIS) for all adult admissions in the wards and intensive care units for the study period were obtained, and included baseline serum creatinine, serum creatinine on the day of diagnosis, peak serum creatinine, urine output in the last six and 12 hours at the time of diagnosis, etiology of acute renal failure, presence of any co-morbid conditions, and renal replacement therapy and outcome. Of the 19,738 adult admissions, there were 108 episodes of AKI in 100 patients. The incidence of acute renal failure was 0.54%. The etiology of AKI was pre-renal in 55 (50.9%), obstructive in 5 (4.6%) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the remaining 48 (44.4%) patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required in 24.1% of cases. Of the patients who developed AKI, 36 (33.33%) died during same hospital admission, 37 (34.26%) recovered to discharge with no renal impairment, 32 (29.63%) recovered with residual renal impairment and 2 (1.85%) recovered with dialysis dependence.
AB - To determine the incidence, etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a teaching hospital in Oman, we studied all adult cases that developed AKI at our hospital from July 2006 to June 2007. Data from the hospital information system (HIS) for all adult admissions in the wards and intensive care units for the study period were obtained, and included baseline serum creatinine, serum creatinine on the day of diagnosis, peak serum creatinine, urine output in the last six and 12 hours at the time of diagnosis, etiology of acute renal failure, presence of any co-morbid conditions, and renal replacement therapy and outcome. Of the 19,738 adult admissions, there were 108 episodes of AKI in 100 patients. The incidence of acute renal failure was 0.54%. The etiology of AKI was pre-renal in 55 (50.9%), obstructive in 5 (4.6%) and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the remaining 48 (44.4%) patients. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) was required in 24.1% of cases. Of the patients who developed AKI, 36 (33.33%) died during same hospital admission, 37 (34.26%) recovered to discharge with no renal impairment, 32 (29.63%) recovered with residual renal impairment and 2 (1.85%) recovered with dialysis dependence.
JO - Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia.
JF - Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation : an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Congratulations Dillan and Tami! Can't wait to catch up on your insightful posts!
Dillan, you are a real inspiration!
Dillan, after seeing you and your story in the Apple video I was so inspired. After a quick google search, I am so glad I was able to find your blog. After reading your posts and experiences I have found a whole new understanding and awareness of Autism. Your words describing the world and the senses you experience are really beautiful. In this crazy world where there is so much badness, it is a relief and joy to read your stories. You are a great ambassador and i wish you continued success. I hope my words find there way to you. thank you and keep on being amazing.
Your words did find their way to Dillan…thank you so much for your supportive and motivating comments. I learn something new every time Dillan shares more about his experience of autism, and its nice to hear that what he writes has had such a strong impact on you. We hope you continue to visit and share with others!


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Massive stars overwhelm their partners
Posted by EarthSky in Space | July 30, 2012
The most massive stars in the universe suck material from companion stars or melt with them to become even more massive, says a new study.
The most massive stars in the universe have paths that are not as calm as previously thought. According to new a new study, massive stars come very close to neighboring stars and suck material from their companions – much like a vampire does – or they melt together to become even more massive.
Massive stars – also known as O stars – are the brightest and the most short-lived stars in the universe. In the beginning, they are more than 15 times as massive as our sun. They end their lives in spectacular supernova explosions or gamma ray bursts. They account for a large part of all the heavy elements in the universe.
An international team of researchers have discovered that the most massive stars in the universe don't spend their lives in space as singles as was previously thought. More than two-thirds orbit a partner star.
New research using data from ESO's Very Large Telescope has revealed that the hottest and brightest stars, which are known as O stars, are often found in close pairs. Many of such binaries transfer mass from one star to another, a kind of stellar vampirism depicted in this artist's impression. Image credit: ESO
Professor Norbert Langer from the University of Bonn worked on the study. He said:
The orbit paths of the stars are very close together so that the region around these stars is turbulent and by far not as calm as previously thought.
What happens, said the researchers, is that one star can suck the material out of its companion like a vampire or both stars can melt to become an even larger massive star.
Astronomers evaluated more than ten years' worth of observations using one of the world's largest telescopes, the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile's Atacama Desert. A total of 71 massive stars in six young galactic star clusters were observed for years. Through close-knit monitoring, researchers were able to determine the paths of over three-quarters of the double stars discovered. The researchers concluded that the vast majority of all massive stars spend their lives with a partner. Over time, roughly one-third of the star systems melts with their companion, while the other two-thirds transfer material to its partner.
The study on the lives of massive stars was published in the journal Science in July 2012.
Bottom line: According to a study on the lives of massive stars in the journal Science in July 2012, massive stars come very close to neighboring stars and suck material from their companions – much like a vampire does – or they melt together to become even more massive.
Via EurekAlert
The EarthSky team has a blast bringing you daily updates on your cosmos and world. We love your photos and welcome your news tips. Earth, Space, Human World, Tonight.


Three harmful wildfires are raging in California.
The Camp Hearth in northern California began Thursday morning and rapidly charred your entire city of Paradise, which is residence to 27,000. The flames grew so quick — a tempo of 80 soccer fields per minute— that 5 individuals have been burned to loss of life of their automobiles, the Butte County sheriff mentioned. As of 8:35 a.m. PT, hearth officers reported the blaze had burned 70,000 acres in simply over 24 hours, and was 5% contained.
To the south, on the outskirts of Los Angeles, two smaller fires additionally began Thursday and at the moment are creating havoc for drivers and forcing owners to flee. The Woolsey and Hill Fires are burning by means of the hills and valleys of elements of Ventura and LA Counties. The flames have threatened the properties of celebrities like Kim Kardashian and shut down stretches of the 101 freeway.
Inside town limits of LA, one other smaller hearth broke out Friday morning in Griffith Park, close to the zoo. Firefighters there are scrambling to achieve the world by helicopter, since it isn't accessible by truck.
Already this yr, 7,578 fires have burned throughout California, fueled by sizzling, dry, circumstances and aggressive winds.
The Camp Hearth lit up round 6:30 a.m. on Thursday.
In response to the Butte County sheriff's workplace, the 5 individuals whose deaths have been confirmed have been discovered close to Edgewood Lane in Paradise, California, in "autos that have been overcome by the Camp Hearth." The sheriff's workplace has not but launched the identities of these victims due to their burn accidents. Different residents ran from the hearth on foot, the Sacramento Bee reported.
California Appearing Gov. Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency in Butte County as a result of Camp Hearth Thursday, and despatched a letter to President Trump and the Federal Emergency Administration Company (FEMA) asking for federal help.
Smoke from that fireside is blanketing extensive swaths of northern California in a grey haze. On Friday morning, individuals in San Francisco woke as much as the scent of smoke and poor air high quality, and a few donned masks to guard their lungs.
Federal air displays have recommended that older adults, kids, teenagers, and folks with coronary heart and lung circumstances ought to restrict their time exterior as a result of excessive variety of dangerously small pollution within the air. The air in San Francisco proper now's as unhealthy as Beijing, CBS reported.
San Francisco skies have been hazy on Friday morning.
To this point, the Hill Hearth has burned no less than 6,000 acres in Ventura County, and necessary evacuation orders are in place for individuals in Level Mugu Naval Base, Camarillo Springs, Vallecito Trailer Park, California State College Channel Islands, and Oak Park. Evacuations are additionally necessary in elements of Dos Vientos and South Coast.
The Woolsey Hearth (the one which compelled Kim and Kourtney Kardashian out of their properties) has charred 14,000 acres and it's prompting necessary evacuations for areas of Ventura County and LA County, which you'll view on the Ventura County Emergency Data web site and the LA County Woolsey Hearth web site. Simply after 1 p.m. PT on Friday, the LA County Hearth Division mentioned the blaze is 0% contained.
A helicopter drops water whereas a wildfire burns a house close to Malibu Lake in Malibu, California, Friday, November 9, 2018.
Firefighters are on scene racing to maintain flames from charring individuals's properties, however because the LA Hearth Division's Eric Scott identified on Twitter, some homes are higher protected than others, as inexperienced vegitation might help maintain flames again.
Shortly after midday on Friday, the Metropolis of Malibu mentioned on its web site that the "hearth is now burning uncontrolled and heading into populated areas of Malibu. All residents should evacuate instantly." LA County Sheriff's Deputies have been knocking on doorways there, and telling everybody within the star-studded seaside city of practically 13,000 to get out utilizing the Pacific Coast Freeway.
The Woolsy hearth burns a house close to Malibu Lake in Malibu, California, on Friday, November 9, 2018.
On Friday morning, lower than 24 hours after the 2 fires broke out close to LA, Appearing Gov. Newsom declared a state of emergency in Los Angeles and Ventura counties.
Folks in areas together with Calabasas, and Thousand Oaks (the identical metropolis the place a mass shooter killed 12 individuals on Wednesday) have been additionally informed to evacuate their properties, the LA Occasions reported. As of Friday morning, roughly 88,000 properties in Ventura and LA Counties had been evacuated, per the Occasions, however there aren't any reported accidents or deaths.
The Woolsey Hearth on November 9, 2018 in Porter Ranch, California.
Learn Extra: A California wildfire simply demolished a complete city and compelled the Kardashians to evacuate. Here is why wildfire season is getting longer and stronger.
The 101 freeway needed to be shut down in a pair totally different areas. In Ventura County, a 9-mile southbound stretch from Wendy Dr. to Lewis Rd. the place the Hill Hearth raged was shut down, and in LA County, a bit of the freeway from the Mulholland Dr./Valley Circle Blvd. exit to Reyes Adobe Rd. was closed to visitors each methods after flames from the Woolsey Hearth jumped throughout the freeway.
"Imminent risk! Malibu lakes residents should go away space instantly," the LA County hearth division wrote on Twitter Friday morning.
Lots of the Ventura County public colleges closed on Friday, in addition to close by Pepperdine College, Moorpark Group Faculty, California State College Channel Islands, and Cal Lutheran College.
Wildfire "season," in California used to run from late summer season by means of the autumn, since autumn's Santa Ana winds assist blow flames round. However because the planet heats up, unseasonably excessive temperatures and drought circumstances have gotten extra widespread. So hearth officers within the state are succumbing to the thought that fires might not be restricted to any particular season anymore.
A wildfire burns boats on Malibu Lake in Malibu, California, Friday, November 9, 2018.
It is a growing story. Test again for updates.


Sport was recognised as an enabler of sustainable development by a United Nations resolution in December 2018. Take a look at the full UN draft resolution.
This guide, produced by Skills for Care, provides advice on employing people with criminal convictions in social care.
The All-Party Parliamentary Group on Youth Affairs has published its inquiry into the role, issues, challenges and needs of youth work to adequately serve young people today.
The October 2018 issue of Health Club Management magazine asked what role sport and physical activity can play in preventing crime and anti-social behaviour.
This report provides the key findings from the Commonwealth's consultation on the contribution Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) can make to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
The World Health Organisation's global action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors.
Social justice charity Nacro have produced this useful briefing on the regulations around use of criminal offence data in employment and education.
Read the Government's response addressing each of the recommendations made in "A Sporting Chance: an independent review of sport in youth and adult prisons."
Read the much-anticipated review of sport in criminal justice, published by the Ministry of Justice and Edward Argar MP and authored by Rosie Meek in association with Clinks and the Alliance of Sport.
This evaluation of three boxing academies in New Zealand, led by Dr. Barrie Gordon of Wellington University, outlines their positive effect across many areas of participants' lives.
New research highlights protective factors for psychotic experiences amongst adolescents exposed to multiple forms of victimization - in particular the role of physical activity.
streetfootballworld and Sport4Life have helped produce a new EU-wide toolkit for anyone delivering sports-themed employability programmes for young people.
How can the Sport for Development sector survive in the era of austerity? Read the new study by Cath Walker and Dr John Hayton.
This Project Oracle synthesis study by Dr Simon McMahon and Dr Jyoti Belur explores the effect of sport-based interventions on youth crime and violence in London.
Children in England will be able to access mental health support at school or college under Government proposals to transform services for young people.
How can sport-based interventions in prisons maximise their impact on psychological wellbeing? Researcher Dave Woods has published an in-depth study.
The NASDC Theory of Change is our vision for how sport can work together with the development and criminal justice sectors to achieve maximum impact.
This report identifies some of our achievements since launching National Alliance of Sport for the Desistance of Crime in 2015.
This StreetGames publication reviews the most effective ways to maximise the value of appropriately designed sport-based interventions to policing and youth crime reduction initiatives.
A new study from England Boxing has revealed how and why the sport is so successful in helping to combat anti-social behavioural problems in young people facing disadvantage.
Read the government response to the Charlie Taylor review of the Youth Justice System.
The long anticipated Review of the Youth Justice System in England and Wales by Charlie Taylor has been published.
Written by HM Inspectorate of Prisons, this resource is an analysis of 12-18-year-olds' perceptions of their experiences in secure training centres and young offender institutions.
Are you using sport to tackle homelessness?
Check out this insightful briefing about homelessness and its link to mental health, criminal justice and substance misuse.
Are you using the power of sport for the prevention of crime? If so, download the recently published Home Office Crime Prevention Strategy to find out about the six key drivers of crime.
This research, funded from the Culture and Sport Evidence (CASE) programme, reviews the current evidence base on the social impacts of sport and culture.
This is the first white paper for culture in more than 50 years and only the second ever published. It is the latest contribution to the Governments approach to public support for art and culture.
EUCPN (2012). Sport, science and art in the prevention of crime among children and youth. EUCPN Thematic Paper No. 1. European Crime Prevention Network: Brussels.
Research on Sport as a Means of Crime Prevention in a Swedish Welfare Context. This is a Literature Review by David Ekholm, Linköping University, Sweden.
This synthesis study by Project Oracle of sport based interventions in London asks: can sport based interventions have a positive impact on levels of youth violence?
Can sport and physical activity programmes be used as part of an overall strategy to prevent and reduce crime?
The Clearinghouse for Sport (Clearinghouse) is an Australian Sports Commission led information and knowledge sharing initiative and recently published some useful information prepared by Chris Hume.
Foreword by Ian Blakeman, Director of Commissioning, NOMS. I am once again delighted to introduce the latest edition of the Prisoner Funder Directory.
Written by Professor Rosie Meek, this is the first book to explore the role of sport in prisons and its subsequent impact on rehabilitation and behavioural change.
This report assesses the economic value of three sports projects aimed at tackling gang violence and youth crime in the UK.
Developed by Health Education England, a new Health Careers website is now live.
Through this strategy, government is redefining what success in sport means, with a new focus on five key outcomes.
Ever wondered how to promote your organisation or present information about what you do? Here is a great example from one of our strategic partners, Active Communities Network.
This report is the result of an 18-month research project exploring how the Urban Stars initiative works with young people in community and custody.
Prisoner Education Trust have produced this Fit for Release report which identifies how sports-based learning can help prisoners engage in education, gain employment and desist from crime.
This report summarises the evaluation findings of the 2nd Chance Project football and rugby acadamy, a two year initiative at HMYOI Portland.
The Prisoner Education Trust have created this video demonstrating the impact of embedded learning and partnerships on rehabilitating offenders.


text:
Renewable energy link between Scotland and Wales starts work
A map of the Western Link route
National Grid has confirmed electricity has started to flow through a cable taking renewable energy from Scotland to England and Wales.
But National Grid said further work would be required at Hunterston, Ayrshire, to get the £1billion Western Link project up to full capacity.
The cable runs from Hunterston, where a converter station is based, to Flintshire Bridge in Wales.
A National Grid spokeswoman said: "We are pleased to report that commissioning works on the Western Link reached a point on 7th December 2017 where power started to flow through the link.
"The cables will transfer up to 900MW of power across several hundred kilometres to link the transmission network in Scotland with the one in England and Wales.
"To enable the link to operate at its full capacity of 2200 MW, further work is required at Hunterston and there may be times when the power flow will need to be taken out of the system.
"All activities are expected to be completed during 2018."
Nexen latest to confirm restart after Forties repairs
Hundreds of thousands of jobs 'need to be filled to meet net zero goals'
Ofgem launches investigation into £1.3billion Western Link cable
UK renewable energy generation tops oil and gas for first time, analysis suggests
Government to launch investigation into power cut across England and Wales
Western Link
Yemeni rebels target Saudi Aramco in Jazan


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Korban Pesach: A Lesson of Exclusivity
Posted on April 30, 2018 by Esther Behfar
The term 'blood libel' is one we are all familiar with. We've heard stories from all areas of the world, in generations past. The more recent stories and the 'trials' are recorded in history books and studied, while the more ancient stories are recounted in books that carry the tales of our leaders and gedolim of yesteryear. This past Pesach, one of my siblings reminded us of a story about my grandmother had referred to years ago, the story of her father and the blood libel and pogrom that he and the city of Shiraz faced.
You might say that even before my brother mentioned this, I had blood on my mind. My cousin made a Bris the day before Erev Pesach. As we repeated the possuk "ואומר לך בדמיך חיי" I was struck by the many connections between Bris Milah and Pesach. This week, the week of Pesach Shaini, we will study the connection and see what message and lesson of Pesach we can apply.
Pesach Shaini is a day when those who had been impure and unable to partake in the Korban Pesach were given a chance to make the Korban and partake of it. Chazal teach us that this even applies to those who were there and were pure but did not partake in the mitzvah for other reasons (legitimate or not). In and of itself, this is very unique: The power of teshuva and repentance are well known, and we even know that sins can turn into merits if teshuva is done correctly. But it's not often that we are given a chance to change an action that was not done—missed opportunities, time wasted, are minutes we cannot usually regain. It seems that we are now given a path to correct a sin of omission.
Let's examine Bris Milah and Korban Pesach, retell the story of the 1910 Blood Libel in Shiraz, and see what message and power from Pesach we are being given a second chance to tap into.
ואעבור עליך ואראך מתבוססת בדמיך ואומר לך בדמיך חיי ואומר לך בדמייך חיי
And I passed over you and saw you wallowing in your blood and I declared to you, by this blood you shall live, and I declared to you, by this blood you shall live.
We say this possuk from the navi Yechezkel at the Seder, as we portray the state of B'nai Yisrael. They had sunk to the lowest levels of impurity and were ready and ripe for salvation. Yet they lack the necessary merit to be redeemed. Hashem gave them two blood-related miztvos that they could gain life and redemption through: Bris Milah and the fulfillment of the Korban Pesach, which included spreading its blood on their doorposts.
What connects these two mitzvos?
Several aspects may stand out to you as you think about this: consider that Avraham Avinu was originally commanded to perform the Bris at Pesach time. An ערל, one who has not had Bris milah performed (even for legitimate reason), is only forbidden from partaking in one Korban—this one. These two mitzvos also are the only two מצוות עשה that have the din of כרת associated with them.
I'd like to explore the possible connection by learning a little about each mitzvah individually, and a little about who Eliyahu Hanavi is. Through this, we may be able to draw some conclusions and gain new understand just in time for Pesach Shaini.
Bris Milah
When Hashem appears to Avraham after his Bris, the name with which he appears is different: whereas previously, He appeared to him as Elokim, He is now the called by His name יקוק. This change is demonstrative of the change in Avraham's relationship with Hashem. Elokim is the name that refers to the natural order of the world and din. In contrast, יקוק is the name we use when referencing the intimate relationship and closeness we strive for with Hashem.
This level of closeness was the initial intention of Hashem in creating the world. With Adam's sin this level was lost and only revived when Avraham accepted the Bris.
When Avraham was commanded regarding the Bris, we don't see immediate fulfillment. Instead a dialogue takes place between Hashem and Avraham, where Avraham remarks on the possibility of a son being born to Sarah and asks too for Yishmael's salvation. Hashem answers that Sarah will indeed have a son and through this son will the Bris and work of Avraham continue.
With this conversation, Avraham was seeking to understand the purpose of the Bris. The Midrash says that he was scared that once he would perform the Bris Milah, he would no longer be able to attract others to the service of Hashem. Until this point, this had been his life's purpose and goal.
Hashem answers Avraham and affirms that the goal has changed. Avraham is no longer the father of many nations, meant to spread Hashem's name far and wide. He is now Avraham, father of Yitzchak, and founder of a nation meant to be separate and apart.
Avraham's mission was now to cultivate the עם סגולה, and attracting the approval of the masses was no longer a goal. The Bris set Avraham apart from the nations of the world and began the new mission of creating Am Yisrael. The mitzvah of Bris continues to have that gravity today. We make the bracha on the Bris and enter each new baby boy into the Bris of Avraham, forever binding him into this covenant, connecting him to all the generations before him all the way back to Avraham Avinu, and forever setting him apart from the other nations.
Korban Pesach
When Hashem told the Yidden to take the object of the Egyptian's worship publicly to their houses, tie them on the bed posts and slaughter them as a Korban Pesach, a clear demarcation was made. Already, those who did not want to be redeemed had been punished by makas choshech, and yet this was a challenge still for those who remained. The Rambam writes that by spreading the blood of this Korban on to the doorposts, as a sign to both those in the house and outside the house, B'nai Yisrael showed that their faith and loyalty lied only with Hashem, and that no remnant desire to assimilate existed.
Bris Milah was a choice, a test for Avraham to show that he truly was differentiating himself and removing himself from the other nations. By literally slaughtering the idolatry of their neighbors, the Yidden made the same choice: they removed any lingering doubt and from their hearts and declared that they were one with the G-d of Avraham. Both the Bris and the Korban Pesach were actions intended to publicly declare allegiance to Hashem.
Both of these mitzvos were about choosing to be a Jew and choosing to stand apart from the Goyim. But why it that Eliyahu Hanavi is involved with both mitzvos?
Who Is Eliyahu Hanavi and Why Does He Come
If we study Eliyahu Hanavi's appearances in the sifrai nevi'im we can perhaps learn what his role is. When we first see Eliyahu Hanavi (not as Pinchas, but by this name) he declares a three year drought and stages a public confrontation on Har Hakarmel. He demands that B'nai Yisrael stop jumping from side-to-side and tells them to discard their idolatry and to fearlessly declare allegiance to Hashem.
Eliyahu later flees for his life and has nevua in the desert, telling Hashem that he sought only to be zealous for His name. Hashem replies with a message of the קול דממה דקה, the soft voice in which Hashem can be heard, to tell him that it is not with harsh zealousness that the Yidden can be changed, but with a soft voice. Despite this, Eliyahu is unswerving, and cannot change his view. He repeats almost word for word "I was zealous for Hashem, for they have forsaken Your Bris…" and he defends his zealousness.
After this episode, we see Eliyahu continue in his zealotry and kill the soldiers of Achazya. He then is summoned to the merkava and goes to the Heavens alive, ever the zealot that he always was.
At the end of Sefer Malachi (in Tray Asar), Eliyahu is mentioned again. We're told of a malach habris, the angel of the Bris who will come to hearken the final geula. The pessukim continue and name this malach:
"הנה אנוכי שולח לכם את אליה הנביא לפני בוא יום ה' הגדול והנורא"
Behold, I am sending for your Eliyahu Hanavi before the coming of the great and awesome day of Hashem
How is it that Eliyahu Hanavi, the zealot who seemed unable to absorb the message of theקול דממה דקה, who didn't cease to declare before Hashem that B'nai Yisrael no longer were worthy, has now become the kindly presence that will declare the coming of Moshiach?
Chazal teach that it is because Eliyahu declared before Hashem that B'nai Yisrael have ceased to uphold the Bris that he is now sent to witness each Bris. Perhaps the change is only because Eliyahu has been to every Bris Milah and has held the baby placed in his chair as he was entered into the Bris of Avraham, and that he has gone from Seder to Seder, and has seen Yidden pine for the Korban Pesach. If we have kept the Bris and separated ourselves from the goyim around us, then Eliyahu can come, even as the zealot he has always been and announce the geula.
Was the Korban Pesach Really a Korban?
The word Korban refers specifically to an animal sacrificed on a mizbe'ach. There are laws that apply to animal sacrifices. For example, the animal brought must be without any physical flaw, and must be beneath a certain age. Meat from sacrifices may also not be left overnight and were only allowed to be eaten in designated areas.
The lamb of Pesach had these same requirements: a perfect yearling, eaten just in that night, only within the confines of the house, and the remainders were burned. In fact, the words in the possuk used to describe the process of roasting it mirror exactly the words in the Torah when talking about the Korban Chatas. But the Pesach was not brought on a mizbe'ach, one of the prerequisite factors. Was it even then a Korban?
What is the function of a mizbe'ach? The Korban is brought on it and the blood is sprinkled on its corners. The gemarah (Pesachim 96a) tells us that R' Yosef taught that there were indeed three altars, three mizbechos, involved in the original Korban Pesach: the two door posts and the lintel of the Jewish house—the areas where the blood was spread.
The pessukim of course support this answer. Several of the commandments of the night centered around their houses. The protection of Hashem was on the entire house, as the mashchis would not enter and Hashem would "pass over" the house.
(Consider also that Chametz, which is forbidden year-round on the mizbe'ach, is forbidden in our houses on Pesach.)
The Korban Pesach was indeed a Korban, and our homes took the place of the mizbe'ach.
Pesach Shaini- A Message for Our Homes
A mizbe'ach is an alter for Hashem, where His fire descends and atonement and intimacy are gained. According to our kabbalah, Pesach Shaini begin a period of seven days in which the power of Pesach can be tapped into again, acting as a do-over for the seven day holiday. This week, we can tap into the powers of Korban Pesach anew. Let's examine the halachos and take a lesson we can apply to our homes.
The Korban Pesach could only be eaten by those who had previously been counted and grouped together. There were no exceptions to this rule: once the Korban was offered, no one could move from one group to another, and anyone who had neglected to join a group lost out. This law adds even more exclusion to the already exclusive halachos of Korban Pesach.
The message we can learn here for our homes is essential: Our homes are our mizbe'ach. It is there that we foster our children and give them the education that will continue them on the path of Avraham Avinu. In this sacred area it is our right and our duty to be discriminatory and exclusionary—only that which we have judged and counted as part of our group shall be allowed in.
In a generation and a culture that teaches and preaches that everything is acceptable and anything goes, we guard our values and our position as B'nai Yisrael by not allowing everything and everyone in. We have an obligation taught to us by the laws of the Korban Pesach to at times confidently and shamelessly say that something is simply not for us.
As a nation that has decreed itself separate and apart from all the other nations, and as a nation that has suffered for this declaration, we have persisted through endless persecution and suffering. It is only through our determination to stick to the Bris of Avraham and stay adamantly apart from the goyim that we have survived.
The Blood Libel and Pogrom of 1910 In Shiraz
My Great-Grandfather (pictured in the heading) was the 7th in a line of dayanim, religious arbitrators and leaders, that had led the city of Shiraz. He led after his father, who had taken over for his father, and so on in an unbroken chain of 7 generations. He had corresponded in learning with the chachomim in the Yeshiva in Iraq, and his advice and council was sought. He lived at a time where the immediate Muslim leaders of the community respected him for his knowledge and holiness, and seemed to have promised to help defend the community on various occasions, but they could not always control the mob.
This incident started when workers who were cleaning sewers in the Jewish areas claimed to find desecrated Islamic books in the sewers. Shortly thereafter, a veiled Muslim lady was seen throwing a stack of old papers into a Jewish courtyard, which again turned out to be torn pages from their religious books. These two incidents started off a series of investigations and brought about a wind of ill-feeling and resentment from their neighbors.
What followed over the next days was one of the worst pogroms and blood libels Shiraz had seen in recent times, the of Blood Libel and Pogrom of 1910. The claim seems to have first been brought to the house of my great-grandfather, in his role as the chief Rabbi. A Muslim merchant claimed that his 4- year-old daughter had been playing near the Jewish Quarter when she had last been seen. The man claimed that he was sure that the Jews had killed her to use her blood for their rituals. The chief Rabbis tried to calm him and see what the community would need to do to "prove their innocence" and hold off the mob. They managed to buy time until the next day, and the Rabbanim immediately sent a request for help. (My grandmother still recalls that the Muslim leader in Shiraz respected her father greatly, even giving her mother, as his spouse, much respect and honor.) Soldiers were dispatched to come to the aid of the Jewish community. In the end, this would not help.
The next day, a body was found behind a house, about a mile out of the Jewish Quarter. (Later, this was found by British investigators to be the body of an 8-year-old Jewish boy who had been buried days earlier, but this "discovery" and was all the "proof" the mob needed.)
My grandmother, who originally mentioned this story years ago, no longer recalls these details, but they are documented in English history books by eye-witnesses in horrific detail.
Together with the soldiers who were meant to be protecting the community, the mob descended on the community and began its destruction. They looted and destroyed the entire village. Those who tried to stand in their way were murdered, and many others sustained serious injuries as countless men, women, and children were assaulted. In a matter of hours, the city was destroyed, as over 6,000 people lost their homes and livelihoods.
I don't know anything really about the aftermath of the pogrom, other than the fact that funds were sent in from an organization called Alliance Israélite Universelle through the British consul to help rebuild the community. What I do know is that the community survived to see another day and another generation, and rebuilt itself as Yidden have done generation after generation.
In the cycle of galus, we who are living now are perhaps the most fortunate. We have freedoms and opportunities that previous generations could not even have imagined. Perhaps more than ever we have settled comfortably into America and it's melting-pot culture of inclusivity and its 'anything goes' mentality. It is our obligation to remember that we have persevered only through the sacrifices and korbanos brought of the persecution and deaths in the generations before us. We have paid the price many time over and can not be convinced to succumb to the melting-pot of America. It is with that confident knowledge that we guard our doorways from all that is not accounted for. We stand apart and enter our sons into the Bris of Avraham knowing that our strength is in our separation.
The laws of Korban Pesach were of course part of the eternal Torah, but they were not taught until a group of men requested that they too wanted to partake of it:
"למה נגרע לבלתי הקריב את קרבן ה' במועדו בתוך בני ישראל"
Why are we held back from bringing the Korban of Hashem at its time, among B'nai Yisrael
They asked, why should we miss out on a mitzvah that is so essential to our being counted among our nation? Let us be included, let us stand up and take the side of Avraham Avinu and publicly shun all else.
This Pesach Shaini lets us absorb this message:
Let us stand clearly on the side of Elokai Avraham and place our trust and confidence only in Him;
Let us heed the words spoken on Har Hakarmel and cease jumping from side to side;
Let us not be scared or hesitant to openly declare that something does not belong in our homes.
And through this
May we merit to greet the zealous Eliyahu Hanavi, confident in our fulfillment of the Bris.
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As always, sources will be listed in the comment section as the first comment! Further clarification of sources are always available on request.
Please comment below if you have something to share!
Category: Uncategorized, Yamim TovimTags: Bris Milah, Eliyahu Hanavi, Pesach, Pesach Shaini
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3 Comments on "Korban Pesach: A Lesson of Exclusivity"
what a fascinating story and what a great message to hear nowadays! I think that one can even say that Sefira is the perfect time for such a message – working on ourselves toward Mattan Torah discerning who we are and who we are not.
rivka laghaie
also, one more really interesting point I thought you'd love, Esther: I heard from Rabbi Ephraim Shapiro this year before Purim – I don't remember who his source was though- on the words ודתיהם שונות מכל עם – literally meaning and their religious laws are different than all nations- He explained that it can also be read as ודתיהם? שונות מכל עם – and what's the main foundation of their religion? that they are different than all others – they hold themselves to a more exclusive and higher standard. Neat, no?
estherbehfar
Sorry for the delay in posting the sources!
As always, this is the basic list of sources I used for the ideas found in this article. I'm happy to answer any more specific questions regarding sources! (Sources such as Medrashim, Gemarahs, and Rishonim, are cited within the article. Information based on my basic understanding of the Pessukim is not sourced, nor are connections that are my own.)
1. " דרש דרש יוסף– Discourses of Rav Yosef Dov Halevi Soloveitchik on the Weekly Parashah", written by Rabbi Avishai C. David (פרשת וירא–the ideas regarding Bris Milah are based on this piece)
2. "Rejoice in Your Festivals" R' Zvi Dov Kanotopsky (here, R' Kanotopsky urges his congregation to heed the losses we suffered in the Holocaust and resist assimilation, drawing this lesson out from the laws of the Korban Pesach)
3. "Jews Under Muslim Rule: The Case Of Persia", David Littman (there's a first hand account of the pogrom here)
4. article by Rav Alex Israel (entitled "Pesach and Milah", found on his website. He lists some similarities between the two, and also discusses the status of Korban Pesach)
5. Rav Avigdor Miller- in one of his books, Rav Miller poses a question: what is worse, violating a prohibition in the Torah or failing to fulfill a positive commandment? There he states that one would think the latter is less serious, but that while one may repent for the sin, he can never gain back the lost opportunity of the positive commandment.


I love crock pot meals, especially during the fall and winter months...the smells of dinner just permeates the house and I can't wait for dinner time to come around. I whipped up this little dinner dish the other night and it was a huge HIT. My hubby adored it and said it was right there at the top of his favorite things that I have ever made. Its got just a hint of the smokey flavor that comes from the bacon and just enough of the creamy taste to satisfy everyone's taste buds! This recipe is not only DELISH, but its easy to make as well. Put this in your crock pot just before church and you'll come home to dinner pretty much done. Hope you enjoy it as much as we did.
Combine first 5 ingredient together in a crock pot. Cook on low for 4-5 hours, if your meat is thawed, cook for 6-7 hours if its frozen. Shred chicken in the crock pot with two forks before serving. Serve over cooked noodles, rice or a baked potato. Enjoy!
Yum, really like the simplicity of this one!


Diazepam is the generic name for Valium, a prescription drug doctors prescribe to treat symptoms of anxiety disorders.
Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
In 1985, the FDA approved generic diazepam, manufactured today by several drug companies.
Benzodiazepines are widely prescribed drugs: According to reports in The New York Times and elsewhere, U.S. doctors issued more than 50 million prescriptions for Valium each year during the 1970s, when it was America's most popular prescription drug.
The number of people admitted to treatment programs for abusing this drug combination increased nearly 570 percent from 2000 to 2010, according to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
Valium is also given to dogs, cats, and other animals to treat anxiety, seizures, or loss of appetite.
Additionally, it may be used as a sedative prior to surgery or other veterinary procedures.
Valium for dogs and cats should only be used under a veterinarian's guidance.
Valium has many side effects. Always tell your doctor if you have allergies to any medications, including other benzodiazepines.
Common brand names for other benzodiazepines include Xanax, Librium, Klonopin, Dalmane, and Ativan.
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You may not be able to take Valium if you have severe lung disease, liver disease, or sleep apnea.
Other conditions your doctor needs to know about include heart problems, seizures, alcohol or drug abuse, and depression.
If you are 65 or older, talk with your doctor about other medications that may work instead of Valium.
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Valium may make you feel drowsy and may affect your judgment.
Until you know how Valium will affect you, don't drive or operate machinery.
Drinking alcohol may make some side effects of Valium more severe, causing problems.
Swallow extended-release capsules whole. You shouldn't crush or break them.
It's possible to have a fatal overdose if you mix Valium with other drugs that also cause central nervous system depression.
If an overdose occurs, call a poison center at 1-800-222-1222 or call 9-1-1.
Take Valium exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not stop taking diazepam on your own.
If you miss a dose of Valium, take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
Don't double your dose to make up for a missed dose.
Q: What are the symptoms of a diazepam overdose?
A: Diazepam (Valium) is an anxiolytic sedative classified as a benzodiazepine. Diazepam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders, for the symptomatic relief in acute alcohol withdrawal and as an adjunctive treatment for the relief of skeletal muscle spasms. Diazepam may also be used as an adjunctive therapy for convulsive disorders. The most common symptoms of a diazepam overdose include drowsiness, excessive sedation, ataxia, confusion and reduced reflexes. A diazepam overdose rarely causes coma and very rarely causes death. A diazepam overdose typically does not present a life-threatening situation unless a patient has also ingested other central nervous system depressants, including alcohol. As the effects of the diazepam overdose begin to diminish, a patient may experience symptoms of jitteriness and overstimulation. Unless a patient suffers from a severe diazepam overdose, there are minimal effects on respiration, pulse rate and blood pressure. If you suspect you may be experiencing symptoms of a diazepam overdose, it is paramount to seek medical treatment immediately. When managing a diazepam overdose, it is important to consider if a patient has ingested any other agents prior to beginning treatment. To treat a diazepam overdose, if the patient is conscious, vomiting should be induced within one hour. Gastric lavage may be used for the treatment of a diazepam overdose if performed soon after ingestion. Activated charcoal may also be used to decrease absorption if there is no advantage to emptying the stomach. Other treatments may be performed in more serious cases, but must be administered with caution. It is important to take diazepam exactly as directed to avoid an overdose situation. Do not take diazepam in larger amounts or for a longer duration than prescribed by a physician.
Q: What are diazepam withdrawal symptoms?
A: Diazepam (Valium) is categorized as a benzodiazepine. Diazepam is approved for the management of anxiety disorders, the treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms and muscle spasms. Diazepam is also approved as an adjunctive treatment for seizures. Diazepam is classified by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) as a controlled substance and may precipitate physical and psychological dependence and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation. If physical dependence to diazepam has developed, a patient will experience withdrawal symptoms if the medication is abruptly discontinued. Diazepam withdrawal symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, extreme anxiety, tension, restlessness, confusion, irritability, tremor, abdominal and muscle cramps, vomiting and sweating. In more severe cases of diazepam withdrawal, symptoms may consist of derealization, depersonalization, increased sensitivity to sound, numbness and tingling of the extremities, increased sensitivity to light or physical contact, hallucinations or epileptic seizures. The more severe diazepam withdrawal symptoms are more likely in patients who have been given higher doses and with more prolonged use. Patients are advised against abrupt discontinuation of treatment with diazepam. If discontinuation is warranted or desired, consult with a health care provider to determine an appropriate taper schedule. A gradual dosage tapering should be performed under the supervision of a physician to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms may also occur if patients are switched from long-acting benzodiazepines, such as diazepam, to more short-acting benzodiazepines. Treatment with diazepam should be no longer than two to three months, including the gradual dosage taper. There is also a potential risk for rebound anxiety as well. Rebound anxiety is a temporary syndrome in which the symptoms that were present prior to treatment recur and are enhanced. Rebound anxiety is more likely with abrupt discontinuation of diazepam. According to the prescribing information for Valium, the brand-name of diazepam, it is recommended to decrease the dosage gradually.
Q: What are the uses for diazepam?
A: Diazepam (Valium) is therapeutically classified as an anxiolytic-sedative medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. Diazepam is a long-acting benzodiazepine. Diazepam has central nervous system depressant and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. However, the exact mechanism of action of the benzodiazepines, including diazepam, has not been fully elucidated. There are several uses for diazepam which have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Diazepam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term of the symptoms of anxiety. According to the prescribing information for Valium, the brand-name of diazepam, benzodiazepines should not be employed as monotherapy for the treatment of depression or anxiety associated with depression as suicidal tendencies may be present in this patient population. Another use for diazepam is for symptomatic relief in patients experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Diazepam may be useful in alleviating symptoms including acute agitation, tremor and impending acute delirium tremens. Diazepam is also indicated as an adjunctive treatment for the relief of skeletal muscle spasm associated with certain neurospastic conditions and reflex spasms caused by local pathology, such as inflammation of muscles or joints secondary to trauma. Diazepam also has anticonvulsant properties and is indicated as an adjunctive therapy to treat certain convulsive disorders. Treatment with diazepam is not recommended patients dependent on other substances, including alcohol, except for the symptomatic management of acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Benzodiazepines, including diazepam, should be administered with extreme caution in patients with a past medical history of drug or alcohol abuse and should not be used as a primary treatment in patients with a diagnosis of psychotic illness. For all of the uses for diazepam, the lowest effective dose required to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes should be administered for the shortest duration possible. Treatment with diazepam, for any of the FDA approved indications, should not exceed two to three months, including a gradual dosage tapering period to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation.
Q: Do you use benzodiazepines to treat anxiety?
A: Benzodiazepines are indicated for the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Anxiety and tension associated by everyday life stressors typically does not warrant treatment with anxiolytic medications. In addition to their role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, some of the benzodiazepines also have sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant properties. They are also used to treat panic disorder, induce sleep and as an adjunct to anesthesia prior to surgery or procedures. There are several different medications belonging to the benzodiazepine class. According to the Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA) Office of Diversion Control, alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam (Ativan), clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium) and temazepam (Restoril) are the five most prescribed benzodiazepines. Alprazolam is approved, by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for the management of anxiety disorders, for the short-term symptomatic relief of anxiety and for the management of anxiety associated with depression. Alprazolam is also approved for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia. Lorazepam is approved, by the FDA, for the management of anxiety disorders, for the short-term symptomatic relief of anxiety or for the management of anxiety caused by the symptoms of depression. The effectiveness of lorazepam, for treatment greater than 4 months, has not been assessed in clinical trials and it is advisable to periodically re-assess the need for treatment. Clonazepam is used to treat certain types of seizure disorders, alone or as an adjunct to treatment. Clonazepam is also useful in the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia. Similar to lorazepam, the effectiveness of clonazepam, for long-term use greater than 9 weeks, has not been assessed and the long-term usefulness of treatment should be re-assessed periodically as well. Diazepam is indicated for the management of anxiety disorders, for the short-term relief of anxiety symptoms or for symptomatic relief in acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Diazepam is also useful as an adjunctive treatment for skeletal muscle spasm or convulsive disorders. Temazepam is approved only for the short-term treatment of insomnia and should only be prescribed for 7 to 10 days of treatment.
Q: What are the instructions for taking diazepam?
A: Diazepam (Valium) is an anxiolytic agent. Diazepam is classified as a benzodiazepine medication and is a central nervous system depressant. In addition to the anti-anxiety properties of diazepam, it also demonstrates anticonvulsant and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Diazepam is approved, by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for symptomatic relief in acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome and for the management of symptoms of mild to moderate degrees of anxiety in certain conditions. Diazepam is also approved as an adjunctive treatment for muscle spasms and certain seizure disorders. The instructions for taking diazepam are dependent upon the indication for which it has been prescribed. In all patients, treatment should be highly individualized and should be aimed at achieving desired therapeutic outcomes with the lowest dose possible and for the shortest treatment duration necessary. For symptomatic relief in acute alcohol withdrawal, the usual dose is 10 mg three to four times daily in the first 24 hours and should be reduced to 5 mg administered three to four times daily as needed thereafter. For the symptomatic relief in anxiety disorders, the typical adult dose is 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily. The instructions for taking diazepam as an adjunctive treatment for muscle spasm are 2 mg to 10 mg three to four times daily. When diazepam is used for its anticonvulsant properties, the usual dose is 2 mg to 10 mg two to four times daily as an adjunctive therapy. A lower dose is recommended in patients with respiratory insufficiency as a result of the potential for respiratory depression. Additionally, in elderly or debilitated patients, it is advisable to initiate treatment with the smallest, effective dose to prevent the development of symptoms including ataxia, excessive sedation or other possible adverse reactions caused by central nervous system depression. This population of patients is more sensitive to central nervous system depression and more likely to experience related side effects. The instructions for taking diazepam should also include an advisory to patients to exercise caution when engaging in tasks that require mental alertness and physical coordination.
Q: What is diazepam used to treat?


I am a Sales Professional with a Master's degree currently working in Private sector in Nagpur. I belong to a Middle class, Joint family with Traditional values.
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I am an Officer with a Bachelor's degree working in Government sector (Nationalised bank) . I am currently living in Nagpur. I come from a Middle class, Nuclear family background with Liberal values.
I am employed in Government Sector as a Banking Service Professional with a Bachelor's degree. I currently live in Nagpur. I belong to a Middle class, Nuclear family with Moderate values.
After completion of Diploma I worked for 4 Years 4 Months in Jindal Stainless Ltd & 3.3 Years in CPCL(A group of Indian Oil , Central Public Sector,, Government of India).Now I am working as a Scientific Asst. in AMD, Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India. I currently live in Nagpur & am Pershuing BE from -The Institution of Engineers (India) .I belong to an upper middle class, joint family with traditional values.


text:
Our Three Winners Outraged by Yet Another Case of Anti-Black Police Brutality
Our Three Winners Foundation – an organization founded to combat hate crimes, is outraged at the murder of yet another Black man. As we continue to witness the pervasive injustice in this country against Black and Brown communities, we must categorically stand against anti-Blackness and racism. George Floyd, was murdered by police officers Monday, could…
OTW Operations and Finance Coordinator Job Description
About Our Three Winners Foundation: Our Three Winners Foundation was created to honor the short, but rich lives of Deah, Yusor, and Razan, and to develop sustainable interventions to mitigate prejudice, bigotry, and hate crimes. As an organization founded in the wake of the fatal hate crimes of three young Muslim students, OTWF is committed to…
Remembering Razan
Razan was hard-working, dedicated, compassionate, and comforting. Whether it be a painting of a dove on the Palestinian flag or her active involvement in her friendships, she always put her best effort in. Like Razan, we should put our best effort in the things important to us.
Remembering Yusor
Yusor always put others' needs above her own. She went to great lengths to help, traveling to Turkey to provide dental care to Syrian refugees and preparing meals for the homeless in Chapel Hill. Her name, derived from a verse in the Qur'an, means to bring about ease, and that is exactly what she did…
Remembering Deah
When remembering Deah, we recall how kind, dedicated, and friendly he was. From his love of basketball to his commitment to friends, family, and religion, we understand how he always put others above himself. He was, above all else, a team player. We should also strive to be team players.
Our Three Winners Foundation (OTW) is a social justice organization based in Oakland, CA working to reduce prejudice towards American Muslims and marginalized communities by addressing implicit biases in individuals and institutions. The Foundation was founded after Deah Shaddy Barakat, Yusor Mohammad Abu-Salha, and Razan Mohammad Abu-Salha (Our Three Winners) were killed in their Chapel Hill…
Christina Syriani
Position: Research Assistant, Pepperdine UniversityHometown: Hayward, CA Christina's academic areas of interest include political economy, international relations, and fair policy practices. With nearly 10 years of working experience as a technology development Project/Program Manager, she is leveraging her industry expertise into a research-based approach that examines the widespread socioeconomic impacts of certain technological advancements with a particular…
Eric Henson
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Amer Rashid
Position: Legislative Aide, Office of Assemblymember Eloise Gómez ReyesHometown: Sacramento, CA Amer Rashid is a Legislative Aide in the Office of California State Assemblymember Eloise Gómez Reyes where he analyzes, advises, and leads the Assemblymember on salient policy issues that focus on The California Budget, early childhood education, and health, and human services. Prior to…
Position: Staff Member CA Assemblymember Phil TingHometown: South San Francisco, CA My name is Russell, and I'm a wilderness explorer- just joking. I'm Russell and currently I'm a rising third year student at UC Berkeley majoring in Political Science. I applied for this fellowship since the city council member I work with recommended it to…


text:
Q: How to close active window with custom keyboard shortcut, only for selected applications I would like to set up several applications like document viewers and image viewers in Unity to close with one key pressed, preferably when q key is pressed. Most of the applications I use do not have a custom keyboard settings that flexible.
Is there a way to make q quit only selected applications and only if they are in active window? It can not quit any/all applications, because in some I actually want q to work as a letter.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


1کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، اداره آموزش پرورش شهرستان محلات، محلات، استان مرکزی، ایران.
2استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.
3دکتری تخصصی فیزیولوژی ورزشی قلب و عروق و تنفس، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد جلفا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جلفا، ایران.
مقدمه: سندرم متابولیک به‌عنوان یک عامل خطرساز بیماری‌های قلبی- عروقی و دیابت محسوب می‌شود و شیوع آن به‌طور هشدار دهنده‌ای در حال افزایش است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر شش هفته تمرین پیلاتس به همراه مصرف ویتامین E بر برخی شاخص‌های سندرم متابولیک در دختران نوجوان دارای اضافه وزن انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی سه گروهه شاهد‌دار در سال 1394 بر روی 30 نفر از دختران 18-15 سال شهرستان محلات (ایران) انجام شد. افراد به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه شش هفته پیلاتس، شش هفته پیلاتس + ویتامین E و کنترل تقسیم شدند. تمرینات 3 روز در هفته و هر بار حداقل 30 دقیقه انجام شد. در مرحله پیش آزمون و پس آزمون شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک و آنتروپومتریک و همچنین نیمرخ لیپیدی و گلوکز از طریق اخذ نمونه خون اندازه‌گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 22) و آزمون‌های تی زوجی، آنکوا و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: در گروه تمرین پیلاتس+ ویتامین E، مقادیر LDL، HDL و TG تغییر معناداری نداشتند (05/0≤p)، اما مقادیر کلسترول (022/0=p)، گلوکز (001/0=p) و نسبت کمر به باسن (049/0=p) کاهش معناداری یافت. در گروه تمرین پیلاتس مقادیر LDL (001/0=p)، TG (002/0=p)، کلسترول (013/0=p)، گلوکز (001/0=p) و نسبت دور کمر به باسن (WHR) (004/0=p) کاهش معناداری یافت، اما مقدار HDL تغییر معناداری نداشت (05/0≤p). در گروه کنترل نیز مقادیر LDL، HDL، TG، کلسترول و WHR تغییر معناداری نداشت (05/0 ≤p). در مقایسه بین گروه‌ها، از نظر LDL (018/0=p) و کلسترول (024/0=p) بین گروه تمرین پیلاتس و کنترل تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: تمرینات منتخب پیلاتس منجر به کنترل نیمرخ چربی، WHR و گلوکز در دختران نوجوان دارای اضافه وزن می‌شود. از سوی دیگر استفاده از ویتامین E به همراه تمرینات منتخب پیلاتس نیز منجر به تأثیرات مشابهی می‌گردد و تفاوتی معناداری از این نظر وجود ندارد.
1M.Sc. in Exercise Physiology, Mahallat Office of Education, Mahallat, Markazi Province, Iran.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
3PhD in Exercise Physiology in the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Field, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Jolfa Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jolfa, Iran.
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes and its prevalence increases at an alarming rate. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the effect of six weeks of Pilates training along with Vitamin E supplementation on some markers of metabolic syndrome in female overweight adolescents.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 30 female adolescents aged 15-18 years in Mahallat, Iran. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups of six weeks Pilates, six weeks of Pilates + vitamin E and control. Exercises with minimum duration of 30 minutes were performed three days a week. Physiological and anthropometric indices, as well as lipid profiles and glucose level of the participants were measured in the pre-test and post-test stages through blood sampling. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 22 using paired t-test, ANCOVA, and Bonferroni post hoc test. In addition, P-value below 0.05 was considered significant.
Result: In this research, while no significant changes were observed in levels of LDL, HDL and TG of the subjects in the Pilates and vitamin E group (P≥0.05), the levels of TG (P=0.022) and glucose (P=0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) significantly decreased after the intervention. Moreover, levels of LDL (P=0.001), TG (P=0.002), cholesterol (P=0.013), glucose (P=0.001) and WHR (P=0.004) significantly decreased in the Pilates group, whereas no significant changes were observed in the level of HDL (P≥0.05). In the control group, no significant changes were observed in the levels of LDL, HDL, TG, cholesterol and WHR of the subjects (P≤0.05). Comparison of the groups revealed a significant difference between the Pilates and control groups in terms of the levels of LDL (P=0.18) and cholesterol (P=0.024).
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, Pilates training can lead to the control of lipid profile, WHR, and glucose level in overweight female adolescents. Furthermore, Pilates training along with vitamin E supplementation had similar impacts and no significant difference was observed in this regard.
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Bay Ridgites, assemble! In the New York State Assembly, the neighborhood is divided right down the middle, its different sections represented by different legislators representing multiple districts that serve multiple communities.
The 46th Assembly District is the apotheosis of redistricting illogic. It includes a good chunk of southeast Bay Ridge and a dozen blocks in Dyker Heights (including the golf course and McKinley Park) before it narrows to a Belt Parkway-wide strip that runs southeastward for a mile, eventually opening up to realms shrouded in mists and largely unexplored (at least by this Third Avenue flâneur)—all of Coney Island, and parts of Gravesend and Brighton Beach.
Northern Bay Ridge is part of the 64th Assembly District, which also includes—counterintuitively—parts of Staten Island. And as we all know, thar be dragons! Why not have all of Bay Ridge in one district, instead of this blatantly gerrymandered mess?
Hey Ridge has spotlighted the districting anomalies that haunt Bay Ridge, specifically its bonkers congressional district. But the assembly districts also bear a closer look. The lines of the 46th Assembly District, which cut up Bay Ridge, were first drawn in 1982, a watershed year in creative mapmaking. It was done by the Democrats, who saw an opportunity to turf out Republican Florence Sullivan, a lifelong resident of Bay Ridge who represented what was then the 50th District, including most of Bay Ridge.
Once "her district was dismantled through reapportionment," as the Times put it, Sullivan used her lost assembly seat to stage a losing run for the US Senate against incumbent Daniel Patrick Moynihan, after which she returned to private legal practice. The gerrymandering was a smashing success! Although typically a bipartisan affair (Democrats and Republicans can always find common ground when it comes to dividing up common ground), it was the efforts by Democrats 35 years ago that led to this disenfranchisement of Bay Ridge.
One of the main consequences of this is that since 1982, the 46th and 64th Assembly seats have been held by politicians who don't live in Bay Ridge—largely due to these awkwardly shaped districts. Presently, Nicole Malliotakis, who represents the 64th (North Ridge and Staten Island), lives on Staten Island (although she has an office in Bay Ridge); the representative of the 46th (South Ridge and Southern Brooklyn), Pamela Harris—who replaced Alec Brook-Krasny in a special election in 2015—is a lifelong resident of Coney Island.
Rumors of a Harris Bay Ridge office have been greatly exaggerated. But it's hard to blame Harris for not wanting to open a second office on Third Avenue. (UPDATE: Harris opened an office just off 86th Street.) What's absurd is that there are districts drawn in such a way that assembly members would need two district offices (fully staffed and fully furnished) for the daily grind of local representation. Unfortunately, over the years, Bay Ridge always seems to be the neighborhood that gets the short shrift, not just in terms of office space but in terms of representation in the state assembly.
This isn't just a matter of convenience for the candidate, but reassurance for the constituents—to make sure their interests are being served in state government. The needs of Bay Ridge are not necessarily the needs of Coney Island. Regarding matters of transportation infrastructure, for example, Harris's support for investment in the future of the MTA is stated largely in terms of the F train, leaving us poor R riders to wonder when our turn will come.
Harris faces reelection this year—and a primary challenger. She won in 2015 in a special election that bypassed the primary process; her nomination was clinched behind closed doors by party officials. Her support came from the Kings County Democratic Club and from politicians such as Congressmember Hakeem Jeffries, State Senator Diane Savino, Assemblymember William Colton and City Councilmember Mark Treyger—all of whom represent districts outside of Bay Ridge.
Bay Ridge Councilmember Vincent Gentile and Brook-Krasny supported Kate Cucco, a resident of Bay Ridge and Brook-Krasny's former chief of staff. But Bay Ridge was outflanked and outmaneuvered—not through the electoral process, but through the machinations of the same Democratic party that drew those bizarre District lines in the first place.
Last Tuesday, Cucco announced that she would again enter the 2016 race for the 46th Assembly seat, representing South Ridge and parts of Southern Brooklyn. Should she win, she would be the first assemblymember in a generation to represent parts of Bay Ridge who also lives here and is active in the community.
The primary for the Assembly will be held on September 13, because, you know, this election season hasn't been complicated enough for New Yorkers. But although New Yorkers generally—and Bay Ridgites in particular—aren't known for their turnout on regularly scheduled election days, let alone primaries or special elections, the September 13 primary is a unique opportunity to put the concerns of Bay Ridge center stage.
Of course, one election won't solve the problem of our monstrous borders. The next redistricting will occur after the 2020 census. There are some signs that gerrymandering is being taken seriously by lawmakers. In 2014, New Yorkers voted on an amendment to the state constitution that would create a special commission to oversee redistricting efforts. Less reassuring was the bickering that took place over whether the language of the initiative should use the word "bipartisan" or "independent," not to mention the concern over whether this amendment represented real reform or whether it would just solidify the existing gerrymandered districts. The amendment was sponsored in the New York Legislature by…wait for it…Sheldon Silver and Dean Skelos, former state government leaders since sentenced to jail after separate corruption convictions.
Maps are not neutral. They delineate both geographical areas and regions of power and influence. They can divide us—literally, in the case of the 46th district map—right down the middle. And it's not even clear that drawing a Bay Ridge-shaped district would be any less politically motivated than the decision to carve it up was.
But local politics should be truly local (not parochial) if our political lives are to mean anything. And part of what it means to be local is recognizing the issues that impact us as a community and deciding who is best suited to take these issues up. It's important for us to know who our neighbors are, when they are in trouble, what our needs are regarding education, transportation, infrastructure, healthcare and more. It is time for Bay Ridge to reclaim its political clout, emerge from the shadows of Coney Island and Staten Island, and find itself on the map.
Why Are There a Few Blocks on Ridge Boulevard Without Apartment Buildings?
The history is wrong here. While the lines were redrawing in 1982 to do away with the republican seat it was not to create the 46th AD. The new district was the 52nd AD, which included Carroll gardens, red hook, cobble hill and brooklyn heights. It ran from bridge to bridge.
In 2002, bay ridge was taken iut if the downtown distict. And the 60th AD was created along with the 46th. The 60th, which was the first assembly district in memory to cross Boro lines, was meant to be a competitive distict, whereas the 48th was created for south brooklyn.
Today the 60th has another number but remains largely in tact. The 46th remains the same as well.