's national development bank BNDES has approved loans totalling R830mn towards a US$1.2bn natural gas pipeline expansion plan for federal energy company Petrobras.
BNDES abandoned plans to lend the money through Brazilian banks because they were demanding a spread of 4%. Banco do Brasil, Bradesco, Itau and Unibanco are known to have been in talks with BNDES.
The Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) will provide about US$400mn of the financing.
Petrobras wants to expand its natural gas pipeline networks in the southeast and northeast of the country. To avoid taking on the full cost of the project directly, it has reached an agreement with Japanese firms to provide the financing and build the pipelines, while it will purchase capacity from the pipelines once they start operations.
Two new companies have been created to build and manage the pipelines systems: Nova Transportadora do Nordeste (NTN, for the northeast) and Nova Transportadora do Sudeste (NTS, for the southeast).
The two companies will be owned by Japanese trading firms Mitsui & Co (40%), Itochu Corporation (30%) and Mitsubishi Corporation (30%).
xml:namespace prefix = st1 />Japan's Toyo is expected to be the lead contractor on the project. It has already placed an order worth US$100mn with Brazilian tube manufacturer Confab.


When teaching a leather craft or making an item for someone, I am often asked about the machine used to sew such thick leather or through so many layers in tight areas. People are often astounded when I explain that this is all hand sewn, with an awl and two needles.
Some earlier work. Good, but not great, stitching.
I learned saddle stitching before the internet was a thing and without a book. I was sewing leather bags, moccasins, and clothing in a relatively poor and untutored way. As I became more savvy over the years I was able to analyze older pieces and read an article or two about saddle stitching and cordwaining that began to make my work look more professional.
Saddle stitching is the only way to build a large, complex leather project without some ridiculously expensive machinery.
While I have considered making a video to give an introduction to saddle stitching I know there are many master craftsmen out there far more skilled to do this properly. One of them is Nigel Armitage of Armitage Leather. He is a member of the Guild of Master Craftsmen of Britain which I understand is nothing to sneeze at (I can hardly imagine the level of dedication most of these men and women have for their crafts).
This is probably the best and simplest tutorial I have seen online about learning the basics of saddle stitch. If you are new to this, remember, the pricking iron is not an absolute necessity for starting out but it will make you seams straight and beautiful. If you don't own one, you can still mark and follow a line or even mark the stitches with a ruler and awl (I did this for a very long time).
I hope this answers some question for those getting interested in leather work and saves you some of the headaches I experienced without proper instruction.


With the toasty flavors of almonds, hazelnuts, and macadamia nuts, our Rain Forest Crunch flavored coffee is quite a treat. We blend premium Arabica coffee with gourmet flavors of browned and buttery hazelnuts, toasted almonds, crunchy macadamia nuts, and a swirl of rich vanilla to create this delicious brew.
Enjoy a flavored coffee that is packed with flavor and freshly roasted. We roast and ship the same day to guarantee coffee that is fresh and flavorful!


Earth Day was made to bring issues to light and spread appreciation for our planet and all it brings to the table. Considered the "most mainstream common occasion on the planet," networks the world over have held Earth Day festivities and occasions since its commencement in 1970.
This year, understudies at schools both substantial and little have arranged and arranged Earth Day activities for kindergarten and preschoolers understudies, office and workplace, just as for the encompassing network. Some grounds capacities are intricate while others are basic, yet the objective of these school Earth Day 2019 occasions is the equivalent: showing others the easy ways to save the earth and environment.
By observing Earth Day, you're a piece of a network of more than 1 billion individuals who participate in this occasion each year. people raise slogans and posters on earth day, children take part in different fun games on earth day and they present gifts to their fathers and girlfriends on this day to show their love towards earth and their loved ones.
Earth Day is tied in with bringing issues to light about the significance of securing our planet and making a move. The main Earth Day came to fruition after a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin, Gaylord Nelson, saw the overwhelming effect of a huge oil slick in Santa Barbara, California. Not willing to sit on the sidelines any longer, Senator Nelson composed a national "instruct in" to teach and move individuals to ensure the earth.
Since the principal Earth Day was commended in 1970, it has created open help for the Environmental Protection Agency, just as natural laws, for example, the Clean Air Act, the Water Quality Improvement Act, and the Endangered Species Act.
Each April 22, individuals around the globe dust off their scoops, get a few gloves and get the opportunity to work. It's Earth Day: the day we offer back to the planet and investigate the impacts we're having on nature around us. Regardless of whether it's board exchanges on natural cognizance, bunch planting days or simply passing out flyers to the understudy body, numerous universities use Earth Day to examine maintainability issues. Also, see 50 gift ideas for children for earth day.
READ What do You Need to Know about Bees and How You can Protect Them?
Recording dedication and making an arrangement are two activities that improve the probability that somebody will finish. So in the event that you need those Earth Day exercises to stick, this is a simple action to do with understudies of all ages. This is an incredible method to fuse a workmanship venture with a composition brief.
Possibly mother took you shopping and let you get every one of the treats you needed, or perhaps you took excessively much back with you from the eating corridor. Whatever the reason, we've all been blameworthy of it eventually. As a gathering, school grounds squander around 22 million pounds of nourishment for every year. So next time mother takes you to the store, take a stab at thinking about what you really need over what you truly need.
Workmanship ventures are a fun approach to include a hands action to an exercise about Earth Day. Making craftsmanship can likewise enable understudies to feel associated with natural subjects, regardless of whether the issues you're considering are going on far from home. It's additionally an extraordinary method to enable them to envision the world they need to live in.
As opposed to obtaining nourishment that has been sent all around the globe, take a stab at shopping at a neighbouring rancher's market. The agriculturist's market can be a fun spot to investigate — neighbourhood merchants may set up tidbits, there might be unrecorded music and it's only an incredible method to get engaged with the network. Also, supporting nearby business is dependably an or more.
Some of the time we simply need a little suggestion to enable us to change our propensities. Have understudies consider what they can do at school and at home to support the earth and how they can urge others to change their propensities.
Network and maintainability gardens have been developing in notoriety on school grounds and are an incredible asset for understudies. Planting trees and home gardens can be an extraordinary method to invest energy with companions, meet new individuals or simply reflect without anyone else's input. Likewise, notwithstanding helping the planet, assisting in a network garden is an extraordinary method to offer back to your school and its encompassing network. Show your students the ways to create a wonderful container garden at home and Perennial flower garden design to raise their interest in home gardening. Planting Crocus is also a good idea. Show them how to plant a flower garden at home and which flowers to grow.
Understudies can have a greater effect in the event that they impact others to do their part to secure the earth. Assembling a video or introduction additionally encourages them to disguise the material – they have to comprehend it before they can disclose it to other people. Introductions can be given in the classroom or even to the entire school. In the long run, they might almost certainly present their exercises and research at a neighbourhood meeting, similar to these understudies from Two Rivers Magnet Middle School in East Hartford, Conn.
As per DoSomething.org, practically 50% of Americans neglect to reuse their magnificence and individual consideration items. Be that as it may, one simple and fun approach to battle this pattern is to make your very own reusing receptacle for your washroom.
Not exclusively will taking an interest in this crusade help keep excellence items from entering landfills, you can likewise participate in an illustration for a $5,000 grant from DoSomething.org.
The Earth Day Network has an objective of planting 7.8 billion trees by 2020 – one tree for each individual alive. By planting trees, you're making an unmistakable move with your understudies and you're participating in this greater objective. Remember to look at these tree planting reasons before you begin and to motivate your students, make them read Tree quotes on Arbor Day.
In case you're one of those individuals that really does their clothing on grounds instead of pausing and taking it back home, I extol you. In any case, clothing focuses are probably the most inefficient offices on school grounds. So as to reduce unnecessary waste, take a stab at doing clothing just when you have a full burden or consolidating your stuff with your flat mate's things. Also, dependably pick the virus water setting — it's better for your garments and spares vitality.
Educating about contamination is a basic piece of Earth Day since it enables understudies to comprehend the results of not ensuring the Earth. It very well may be a lot simpler to forestall contamination than to cure it later. Understudies can encounter the impacts of contamination on a little scale in the classroom.
In a fascinating methodology, the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay changed its email text style to Century Gothic, which utilizes around 30 per cent less ink when imprinted on paper. While this methodology may not be suggested for research papers, have a go at doing this when simply printing notes or different archives for individual use.
Waste clean-ups are another hands-on action you don't need to leave the school grounds to do. To have a greater effect, have understudies record what sorts of junk they get and where. In the wake of breaking down the information together, you can discover designs and investigate arrangements so you can stop the refuse at the source. Show them the things to save the earth on this day.
With move-out day practically around the bend, you may end up gazing at all the things in your stay with fear. It's insane to imagine that you got everything in here in any case, yet soon you'll need to take it hard and fast once more. Notwithstanding, tidying up your overstuffed storage space and giving those delicately worn articles can help alleviate that burden. Also, giving garments to philanthropy is an extraordinary method to help your locale, and somebody who might be listening will most likely value it.
Regardless of whether it's that hairdryer that is just contacted once per week or that light simply assembling residue since move-in day, gadgets still devour power when they're killed. While you don't need to unplug everything in your quarters, endeavour to detect the things you once in a while use and put them away. Notwithstanding unplugging your telephone charger when you're not utilizing it can have any kind of effect. All things considered, it's the seemingly insignificant details that include! Besides the gadgets, motivate them to solve the earth day quiz to get knowledge about the ocean and plastic and about endangered species.
E-squander is a developing issue in the U.S. What's more, around the globe. E-squander speaks to over 70% of poisonous waste in landfills. So it's likely not astounding that just 12.5% of e-squander is reused.
This is an open door for your understudies to help bring issues to light about this issue inside our school and network. Understudies can investigate a close-by reusing office and sort out a drive to gather e-waste to help battle this issue in your locale.
Earth Day is a major day for natural gatherings, and there's a solid shot they may hold a grounds occasion. While you surely don't need to join the club, grounds bunches are famously short-staffed and would likely respect any increments willing to assist. In any case, in case you're not happy with connecting that way, basically getting the message out and conveying companions to the occasion is an extraordinary method to help the gathering.
At times, it's excessively enticing to fold your homework into a ball and shoot it into a trashcan. In any case, in case you're not sparing it for future reference, take a stab at reusing your homework rather than simply discarding it.
With everything taken into account, there are such a significant number of ways understudies can cut waste on Earth Day. Everything necessary is a little tolerance, an eagerness to help and some imagination. For significantly more thoughts, make certain to look at our ecological maintainability article.
It's vital for understudies to see instances of youthful earthy people so they realize they don't have to hold up until they're more seasoned to have any kind of effect. These moving instances of youthful naturalists is an extraordinary spot to begin, and there are a lot increasingly youngsters doing incredible work. Finding out about the work these youngsters are doing can give your understudies new thoughts on how to ensure the earth. It can open the entryway of conceivable outcomes for how to consider discovering answers for issues they can help settle. Also, show them the importance of bees and how to protect them on this day.


text:
FONDAZIONE GERMANO CHINCHERINIENTE FILANTROPICO
INTERVENTION ARCHIVE
YOU SUPPORT REMOTE
MANY THANKS TO
The annual charitable gala dinner of the Germano Chincherini Foundation, now in its ninth edition, has taken place at the Hotel Antares-Olimpo in Letojanni. Mr Germano Chincherini's achievements as an entrepreneur were commemorated: he built two hotels (Hotel Olimpo in Letojanni, Caesar Palace in Giardini Naxos) in Sicily between 1997 and 2001, along with the existing ones, Hotel Antares in Letojanni and Hotel Ariston in Taormina, and the hotels in Northern Italy (Bardolino, Limone sul Garda and Peschiera del Garda, Lake Garda). The purpose of the event was to raise funds for construction of an orphanage in Kenya, to be rolled out in December 2014.
Then, the orphanages of the Foundation in Kenya will be three: the first one, built in 2008, accommodates 40 children; the second one, inaugurated in 2010, 32; and the third one will give lodging to 64 more children from December 2014.
Mr Pollini, C.E.O. of Parc Hotels Italia, and Mr Marco Borghesi, representative of the Foundation on Lake Garda, attended the dinner, along with 270 guests.
Mr Claudio Dutto, a dentist and a family friend of Mr Germano and Mrs Helena, moved the audience when he projected the images of what he has done in Ukunda for the past three years: he and his team, which counts his daughter as well, have set up a dentist's treatment room and are now teaching the children how to take care of their teeth. Not only do they treat the children of the orphanages, but they also take care of other children in Ukunda.
During the event, Mrs Renata B. was introduced as well: she will donate a contribution towards the construction of a regulation-size football field, which will be part of the new orphanage in Ukunda. We would like to thank her for her generous donation.
Our munificent suppliers donated many prizes that were raffled off during the event.
The tenth edition of the Foundation's gala dinner will be held in 2015.
Many thanks to all those who attended the event.
The Chincherini Foundation's main purpose is to help the underprivileged children of Africa. But the generosity of Mrs Helena, Germano Chincherini's bereft wife, is even greater than that. She is not only concerned with the problems of her African children: during the evening party, in the presence of Mr Alessandro Costa, the mayor of Letojanni, Mr Eugenio Bonsignore, the deputy mayor, and Mr Antonio Riccobene, representative of the Foundation in Sicily, Mrs Helena gave Fr Pino Gentile, the parish priest of Letojanni, a contribution towards the costs of refurbishment of the façade for the local church consecrated to Saint Joseph.
Antonio Riccobene
Where we help children in the world
In Kenya:
O.N.G. GERMANO CHINCHERINI FOUNDATION
Diani Tourist Road
Diani Complex, 94
Ukunda – Kenya (Africa)
In Italy:
Via Paradiso di Sopra,5 - 37019
Peschiera del Garda (VR)
Via G. Chincherini - 98037 Letojanni (ME)
" El Jardín de la Esperanza "
Vereda 25, casa n. 6, Los Curos (Mérida)
http://eljardindelaesperanza.org
Via Fantoni, 53; 25087 Salò (BS)
PLACE OF OPERATION
Via Campaldo 13
25010 Limone sul Garda (BS)
Tel. 0365 913514 - Fax.0365 954354
Donation on bank account.
made out to Germano Chincherini Foundation ONLUS UBI BANCA - Filiale di Toscolano Maderno (Bs)
iban: IT 20 X 03111 55311 0000 0000 7294
BIC/SWIFT: BLOPIT22
Germano Chincherini Foundation Ente Filantropico
OUR HOTEL ON LAKE GARDA E SICILY

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Get Addicted to the Aggression!
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And this is just the beginning of The Incredible Hulk free spins. When you get the wild Hulk symbol on reel 2, 3, and 4 at the same time, irrespective of their position, there will be another blow up of Hulk on all the three reels. Also, you get one free spin for reels 1 and 5.
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Fall is officially here so its time to check out all the seasonal bath and body products. These "pie" scented perfume oils from Demeter are the perfect way to enjoy fall treats without wasting calories. New to the collection this year is Lemon Meringue, which is not traditionally a fall scent, but it is regularly devoured on holidays.
Lemon Meringue is my favorite of the three, it smells exactly like the sweet treat and suspiciously like one of the Strawberry Shortcake dolls (children of the 80's take note). Apple Pie is sweet and comforting with a refreshing crisp apple top note. Pumpkin Pie is spicy and sweet and according to studies by the Smell and Taste Treatment and Research Foundation in Chicago increases the arousal level in men by 40 percent.
I like to buy fragrances but if I bought full size bottles of everything I own, I would have bursting cabinets full of expired perfume. So, when I discover a new fragrance, I buy the rollerball. Demeter has a rollerball in almost every one of their 300 scents.
Demeter Lemon Meringue Roll On Perfume Oil – new for 2014.
The perfume oil roll-ons are just $10 each. It is also available in a cologne spray, home fragrance, body lotion and shower gel (yum). Pick them up wherever Demeter products are sold or at Demeterfragrance.com.
Pumpkin bread and candy corn are just a couple of things we get to indulge in around Halloween. But the holiday is also the time to get creative with your makeup and nails. Here are few Halloween products that you can use all month and with your costume on the big day.
Kiss and Broadway Nails have two types manicure products that are all decked out for Halloween. Kiss Nail dress are cute stickers that you simply apply and then file the edges off. There are four special edition designs priced at $2.99 each. Find them at Kmart, CVS and Walgreens stores. Broadway Nail's imPRESS Press-On Manicures are great when you don't have the time/don't want to damage your nails with acrylic nails. They simply "press-on" and last about a week. Get your hands on the six limited edition Halloween designs for $7.99 at Kmart, CVS and Walgreens stores.
Need some lashes to go with your costume? These cute Halloween lashes By Kiss are as cute in the package as they are on your eyelids. Available in kitty, witch, devil, angel, princess and fairy for just $3.99 each with adhesive included, available at Kmart stores.
Fake tattoos are big at Halloween, for both costumes and for an activity at parties. Tattoo Junkee has an easy kit for making realistic looking tattoos and glitter tattoos. The kit comes with stencils, 3 body glitters, body glue and glitter application brush, $9.98 at Wal-Mart stores.
Tattoo Junkee also has a lineup of other fun stuff glitter lip paint, glam stamps and matte finish realistic tattoo body paints available in black, brown and henna. All the products are available at Wal-Mart starting at $6.88.
Posted on September 23, 2014 Author Christa EmmerCategories Halloween, imPRESS Press On Manicures, Kiss Nails, Las Vegas Beauty Blog, lip stains, press on nailsTags Halloween Nail Stickers, Halloween Nails 2014, Halloween tattoos, imPRESS Press on Manicures Halloween 2014, kids fake tattoos, Kiss Fairy Lashes, Kiss Halloween, Reviews of impress press on manicures, Tattoo JunkeeLeave a comment on Kiss and Tattoo Junkee Halloween goodies!


"Unless they figure in the cost of the loss of the trees, health insurance and health issues, and well water disturbance, that economic figure is not the true story," said State Rep. Charlotte Vining Douglas, R-Alma. Clean Line's proposed transmission line has received considerable backlash from a group called Arkansas Citizens Against Clean Line Energy. Douglas represents constituents who are with the group and has property in the proposed path of the line.
Van Buren's Bekaert Corporation, Malvern's General Cable and Little Rock's LM Wind Power manufacturers stand to gain a major amount of business if the $2 billion Clean Line Energy Plains & Eastern transmission line is approved and landowners allow easement through Arkansas.
Michael Skelly, founder and president of Clean Line Energy in Houston, met with Bekaert recently to talk about the steel needed for General Cable to produce about 4,000 miles of wire cable for the proposed 700-mile transmission line. The Plains & Eastern Line would facilitate a $500 million investment in Arkansas, Clean Line states.
At least 15 Arkansas businesses would see investments from Clean Line, Skelly said, including two to three years of jobs for Arkansas construction workers.
"Unless they figure in the cost of the loss of the trees, health insurance and health issues, and well water disturbance, that economic figure is not the true story," said State Rep. Charlotte Vining Douglas, R-Alma.
Clean Line's proposed transmission line has received considerable backlash from a group called Arkansas Citizens Against Clean Line Energy. Douglas represents constituents who are with the group and has property in the proposed path of the line.
The Plains & Eastern line would carry 3,500 megawatts of electricity through Arkansas from wind farms in west Oklahoma to east Tennessee. The line would begin in Arkansas in Crawford County.
Neither Skelly nor Fort Smith Mayor Sandy Sanders have heard any word from Mitsubishi Power Systems on the Japanese company's plans for its mothballed facility at Chaffee Crossing in Fort Smith. The mayor met with Mitsubishi in February to discuss options for the unused $40 million facility that was constructed to produce wind turbine generators.
A 500-megawatt converter station in central Arkansas has been woven into the plans following public comment to provide Arkansas more access to the wind energy.
A draft environmental impact study from the U.S. Department of Energy is expected at the end of this year, marking the next major stage in the proposed project now in its fifth year of development.
Clean Line has met with landowners to seek right of way with compensation of market value for easement, plus $24,000 to $18,000, or $2,000 and $1,500 a year, for large towers and $6,000, or $500 a year, for small towers, according to a Clean Line booklet. There also would be payments for crops, timber and other agricultural production impacts, Clean Line Executive Vice President Mario Hurtado said.
With four other project proposals in the country, Clean Line Energy's transmission lines would allow the United States to increase wind-generated power by about 30 percent, from about 11,000 megawatts to almost 15,000 megawatts, Skelly said. Each wind generator produces about two megawatts, or enough power for 600 homes.
"The grid is saturated, so if we're able to build this line, that'll open up the possibility of new projects getting built," Skelly said.
Clean Line only constructs transmission lines. With the addition of the transmission lines, however, the wind power industry would have a power outlet for 2,200 more turbines, which would require more than 6,000 new windmill blades.
"So, it will have a substantial impact on people like LM and anybody else in the wind value chain," Skelly said.
LM makes about one-third of the wind turbine blades in the United States, he added.
Environmental Protection Agency regulations on coal power have stiffened under the Clean Power Plan. Skelly points to wind energy as a component that will become increasingly important to America's national energy policy.
Clean Line Energy has received 32 percent of the signatures needed to construct the line from Oklahoma through Arkansas to Tennessee, according to the Plains & Eastern website. The number includes landowners from all three states.


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As a financial aid recipient, you are responsible to know there are limits to your eligibility to receive aid.
As a financial aid recipient, you are responsible to know there are limits to your eligibility to receive financial aid. Schools are required to review your academic progress — your cumulative GPA and the rate at which you are completing your classes. There are also maximum lifetime (aggregate) limits to how much Pell Grant and Stafford Loan you can receive, and a limit to the number of credits for which you are eligible for aid.


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what does this appear like?
Exhibit Page
Simple Page
Widening of Logan Canyon Highway Report
A compilation, by Hancey, Jones, Wright & Co. Co., of information gathered from a telephone survey conducted by Councilman Fred Duersch Jr. Includes Exhibits 1 and 2 which show the results of the information in graphs and tables.
Tags: Highway 89;
Welcome to the Scenic Route of Three Nations brochure
Welcome to the Scenic Route of Three Nations brochure for businesses from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada to Mexico highlighting places to visit and towns along the route.
Visual simulations proposal, December 8, 1986
Visual simulations proposal for the cost of basic services and products to be used by the Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental planning at Utah State University.
Visual resources technical memo
Evaluation of visual resources in Logan Canyon and the different impacts for drivers and fishermen, campers, hikers, etc.
Versar project conference record for US-89, Farmington to South Ogden
Versar project conference record for US-89, Farmington to South Ogden, suggesting an access option from I-15/US 89 for the west Farmington area with a discussion on the wetlands, transportation master plan issues, and Burke Lane access options.
Various correspondence from members of 89'ers, 1957
Various correspondence from members of 89'ers International Highway Association, Inc. including Ray Stewart, Bentley Mitchell, and Martin Cantwell.
Utah Wilderness News, May 1986
A publication of the Utah Wilderness Coalition published in May 1986. Summary of wilderness in Zion-Hot Desert, Cedar Mesa, and Canyonlands regions of Utah, giving a synopsis of each area's status, the relationship to nearby wilderness lands such as…
UDOT transportation news for study of Logan Canyon
UDOT transportation news for study of Logan Canyon and the public involvement meeting to be held to better improve the canyon.
UDOT pamphlet, "US-89 Logan Canyon Preferred Alternative"
Pamphlet explaining the preferred alternative in detail for Logan Canyon.
Treasure Trail and "Beyond the Border" by Frank Barker
Treasure Trail and "Beyond the Border" by Frank Barker and Latin Aires, 45 record album, with the agreements by 89'ers for the production of these two songs.
Traffic volumes at Tony Grove Intersection, August 2, 1986
Recorded traffic volumes at Tony Grove Intersection from August 2, 1986, 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. Includes dot graph of total traffic for that day, directional split of east and west bound traffic, and diagrams of 3-Leg Turning Movement left and right at…
Traffic in Logan Canyon
Paper attempts to answer the question of traffic increase in Logan Canyon.
Third annual 89'ers membership meeting minutes, October 7-8, 1957
Third annual 89'ers membership meeting minutes, October 7-8, 1957 from Afton, Wyoming.
Third Annual 89'ers Membership Meeting announcements
Third Annual 89'ers International Highway Assocation Inc. Membership Meeting and "Howdy, Stranger" convention announcements
Testimony of Representative James V. Hansen before the transportation subcommittee of the House Appropriations Committee, April 26, 1990
Testimony of Representative James V. Hansen before the transportation subcommittee of the House Appropriations Committee, April 26, 1990, requesting funding for US 89 to alleviate the traffic congestion in more rural areas along the highway.
Testimony of Congressman James V. Hansen before the transportation subcommittee of the House Appropriations Committee, May 6, 1993
Testimony of Congressman James V. Hansen before the transportation subcommittee of the House Appropriations Committee stating the reasons for funding to improve the interchange of I-15/US 89, with special mention of the Morton International Facility.
Summary of public scoping meetings in Logan and Garden City
Summary of the comments received from the public scoping meetings in Logan and Garden City in March 1987 concerning the proposed Logan Canyon Road project. Legend deliniates + as improvements encouraged, - as improvements discouraged, and ? as…
Summary fact sheet Highway 89, 1986
Four page fact sheet of the Logan Canyon Study from November 1986 by Utah Department of Transportation and CH2M HILL summarizing the area's transportation needs, roadway conditions, safety, and maintenance. Also included are graphs and tables…
Status report, November 17, 1986, and correspondence from Chandler St. John, November 26, 1979
Interdisciplinary team meeting additional data for agenda items including scoping process status report for public involvement, draft memorandum for existing roadside parking, technical memorandum of the areas within the canyon that meet criteria for…
Spot improvements list from July 22, 1987
Memorandum from Stan Nuffer to the Interdisciplinary Team on July 22, 1987 with an attached list of the potential spot improvements, mile posts, exisiting conditions and potential actions.
Special 89'ers board of directors meeting minutes, October 12, 1956
Special 89'ers board of directors meeting minutes on October 12, 1956. Report on the sale of "Treasure Trail" records. The treasurers report for that year. Income derived from new and renewal memberships from October 1, 1955 to October 1, 1956.
Second annual 89'ers membership meeting, October 12, 1956
Mintues from the 89'ers International Highway Association, Inc. second annual membership meeeting and report from auditing committee.
Safety of Logan Canyon
Paper stating the importance of highway safety which involves two major issues: accident ratesa and the severity of accidents. Analysis of the Utah Department of Transportation statistical accident data show that the number of accidents in Logan…
Resolutions from second annual 89'ers membership meeting, October 12, 1956
Twelve resolutions from the second annual 89'ers membership meeting, October 12, 1956
Report on Highway 89
A three page typed report investigating the popular opinion of the proposed changes in Logan Canyon on Highway 89.
Reissuance of grazing permits, March 30, 1995
Fax from Stan Miller to Kathy Anderson about the reissuance of grazing permits in the Cache Valley and Rich County areas. Also, inlcudes maps of the specific areas.
Record of decision, October 13, 1994
Record of decision for US Highway 89 stating that the Federal Highway Administration agrees with the Utah Department of Transportaion in its selection of the Preferred Alternative.
Public scoping meeting for the Logan Canyon environmental study
Transcript from the public scoping meeting for the Logan Canyon environmental study held at City Hall in Garden City, Utah on March 10, 1986 where several spoke and answered questions.
Public scoping meeting for public officials and others
Public scoping meeting for public officals and others on the Logan Canyon Environmental Study at Logan City Hall on March 4, 1987.
Public correspondence from Federal Highway Administration, February 11, 1987
Public correspondence from Federal Highway Administration, February 11, 1987 stating when and where public scoping meetings will be held, CH2M Hill's role in the Logan Canyon study, general proposed improvements along the Canyon Road, and who to…
Proposed Ten Point Promotional Program
A proposed ten point Promotional Program which is a comprehensive two year planned activity to be presented as a "package program" in the solicitation of financial support.
Proposal from Citizens for the Protection of Logan Canyon
Citizens for the Protection of Logan Canyon proposal for modifications of Logan Canyon emphasizing the protection of the canyon's scenic beauty and recreational uses.
Project schedule for 1986 through 1987
A task calendar and graph detailing the months in which tasks would be completed for the improvement of Logan Canyon's roads.
Profiles in Activism: Three Citizens Involved in the Logan Canvon Controversy, student paper by Stanley Holmes
Paper prepared for EDUC 677. This qualitative research project involved a multi-case study of adult citizens involved in a local political controversy. Following background research, structured interviews were conducted with three core subjects to…
Preliminary Record of Decision, July 14, 1994
The preliminary record of decision for US Highway 89, Right Fork in Logan Canyon to Garden City and Final Environmental Impact Statement. The six sections include decision, alternatives considered, section 4(f), measures to minimize harm, monitoring…
Pamphlet to save Logan Canyon
Pamphlet to save Logan Canyon.
Nomination for scenic byway booklet
Booklet for the nomination of Logan Canyon as a Scenic Byway including maps, images, and text.
Newsletter from the Logan Canyon Improvement Group
Newsletter from the Logan Canyon Improvement Group, Volume 1 Issue 2, entitled Citizens Alert, with reports on Logan Canyon Group meetings, public support, contribution needs, and welcoming letters to the editor.
Motion made before the Logan Municipal Council
The motion made before the Logan Municipal Council on January 5, 1989 supporting the Utah Department of Transportation and their consultants in the improvements on the Logan Canyon Highway 89
Miscellaneous financial material for 89'ers International Highway Association, Inc.
Minutes of June 23, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes of June 23, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, discussion of role of Interdisciplinary Team, level of documentation required, public involvement program outline, and the schedule.
Minutes of CNF meeting, April 30, 1987
The handwritten minutes from a meeting on Logan Canyon road on April 30, 1987, where the Forest Service asserts their role and the role of the forest plan in the developments on Logan Canyon.
Minutes from September 8, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from September 8, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, draft traffic forecast technical memorandum, and manual traffic counts.
Minutes from September 22, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from September 22, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, traffic characteristics, traffic capacity, and general environmental factors.
Minutes from October 6, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from October 6, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, public information meeting, and visual considerations presentation by Clark Ostergard, Garden City meeting.
Minutes from October 20, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from October 20, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, discussion of satety analysis technical memo, study of goals and objectives, discussion of geotechnical investigations, and alternate routes to Logan Canyon.
Minutes from November 3, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from November 3, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, discussion of alternate routes to Logan Canyon, discussion of goals and objectives tech memo, alternate alignments from the summit to Garden City, and a preview of…
Minutes from November 17, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from November 17, 1986 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, alternate route technical memo, public involvement summary memorandum, public involvement/scoping meeting, review of existing roadside parking, areas meeting critera…
Minutes from May 4, 1987 Interdisciplinary team meeting
Review of April 20, 1987 meeting minutes, recommendations of spot improvments with a specific list of locations.
Minutes from May 18, 1987 Interdisciplinary Team meeting
Minutes from May 18, 1987 Interdisciplinary Team meeting. Review of minutes, discussion of the existing conditions portion of the socio-economic technical memorandum, review of the technical memorandum addressing noise, review of the existing…
This project was funded in part with a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services which administers the Library Services and Technology Act.


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SCUBAPRO Sunday – Operation Magic
If you follow history, there is a lot said about how different battles were, this group took this hill, or this guy did this. But a lot needs to be said about what goes on behind the scenes. While the United States Army Signals Intelligence Section (SIS) and the Navy Communication Special Unit worked in tandem to monitor, intercept, decode, and translate Japanese messages during World War II, Operation Magic was the cryptonym used to refer to the United States' efforts to break Japanese military and diplomatic codes. The Office of Strategic Services received the intelligence information acquired from the transmissions and forwarded it to military headquarters (OSS). It is widely acknowledged that the capacity to interpret and understand Japanese communications was a crucial component of the Allied triumph in the Pacific.
Early in 1939, the United States began its efforts to decipher Japanese diplomatic and military communications, even before the outbreak of World War II in Europe. In 1923, a United States Navy intelligence officer got a contraband copy of the Japanese Imperial Navy Secret Operating Code from World War I. Afterward, after all of the additive code keys had been discovered, the codebook was photographed and sent to the Research Desk, arranged in red folders by the cryptologists. The simple additive code was given the name "Red" in honor of the directories in which it was initially kept.
In 1930, the Japanese updated the Red code with Blue, a more sophisticated code for high-level communications. However, because the new code was too similar to its predecessor, cryptologists in the United States could fully decrypt the new code in less than two years after its introduction. At the onset of World War II, the Japanese were still using both Red and Blue color codes for various communications purposes. Listening stations were set up all across the Pacific by the United States military intelligence to monitor ship-to-ship, command-to-fleet, and land-based communications between ships.
The Japanese acquired encryption and security assistance from Nazi Germany after World War II erupted across Europe. Since 1935, the Germans have known that U.S. intelligence is monitoring and decoding Japanese communications, but they have not instantly informed the Japanese of this fact. Later, Germany delivered a modified version of its iconic Enigma encryption machine to Japan to assist the country in securing its communications. As a result of this, American intelligence was unable to understand Japanese intercepts. The tedious job of United States cryptologists was restarted.
Cryptanalysts in the United States gave the new code the moniker Purple. Purple, used to decrypt numerous variants of the original Enigma code, was the most severe obstacle to American and British intelligence throughout World War II.
After receiving information from Polish and Swedish cryptologists, the British military intelligence cryptanalysis unit at Bletchley Park became the first in the world to decrypt the German Enigma code in 1942. They then created advanced decoding bombes and the world's first programmable computer to aid in the deciphering of the complex Enigma cipher. By 1943, British intelligence could use information obtained through translated Enigma intercepts received in near real-time.
For years, cryptologists in the United States sought to break the Purple code by hand. However, the format of Japanese signals, always opening with the exact introductory phrase, enabled code breakers to establish the sequencing of the multi-rotor Japanese cipher machine. By 1941, code breakers in the United States had made significant headway in cracking the Purple code, and they had gained the capacity to decipher multiple lines of intercepted messages. The procedure remained sluggish, and the information obtained from Purple was frequently outdated when translated into another language.
United States military intelligence became aware of British victories against Germany's Enigma machine and requested that their allies share code-breaking information. Top Bletchley Park cryptographers and engineers were dispatched to the United States to assist in training code breakers and constructing decoding bombes. But they were highly protective of and didn't want anyone to know about their Enigma code-breaking activities (codenamed Operation Ultra), which involved Colossus, the Bletchley Park decoding computer, and which they were involved.
United States intelligence made significant headway against Purple in a short period, thanks to the assistance of the British. A copy of the Japanese Purple machine, created in 1939 by American cryptologist William Friedman, was used to adapt a German Enigma bombe to decode Japanese Purple, which was then used to decode the Japanese Purple machine. Even though each message's settings had to be determined by hand, United States intelligence improved its ability to read Japanese code with greater ease and timelier by 1942, six months after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor and the United States' entry into World War II.
With the help of their vast network of listening stations in the Pacific, the United States intelligence services could intercept and decode various other sorts of communications. In conjunction with JN-25 intercepts, the Diplomatic Purple transmissions, another broken Japanese Navy code, provided critical information to the United States military command about Japanese fortifications at Midway. The intercepts from Operation Magic provided valuable input during the ensuing Battle of Midway, which helped to turn the tide of the Pacific War in the allied forces' favor and ultimately win the war. Approximately a year later, Purple intercepts provided the United States with intelligence about a diplomatic aircraft on which Japanese General Yamamoto, the mastermind behind the Pearl Harbor assault, was scheduled to travel. The Japanese aircraft were shot down by American planes.
Operation Magic was a vital source of intelligence information in both the Pacific and European theaters of conflict during World War II. Diplomatic messages between Berlin and Tokyo, encrypted with the Enigma and Purple codes, provided British and United States intelligence with information about German defenses in France during the Second World War. This information aided leaders in their preparations for the D-Day invasion of Normandy in June 1944.
The Japanese government remained uninformed despite the fact that the United States had broken the Purple code. According to the United States government, Japanese Imperial forces continued to employ the principles decrypted by Operation Magic throughout the war and in the weeks following the Japanese surrender in 1945.
This entry was posted on Sunday, August 7th, 2022 at 14:00 and is filed under Advertiser, Guest Post, History, ISR, Maritime. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
4 Responses to "SCUBAPRO Sunday – Operation Magic"
Victor DiCosola says:
I really look forward to these articles each week. This one is a great historical account. Thank you.
ER says:
I'm familiar with this history and it is amazing and inspirational. And yet I wonder is our country capable of such an accomplishment today? could Great Britain accomplish this today? Or are we talking about once great nations? Tesla and SpaceX give me hope but the woke political structure and unions would be ecstatic if those entities failed and were destroyed.
The thing that always give me hope, well two things. First the same was said about the greatest generation by the WW1 generation. They said they were soft and week. Now I know that is a huge difference between then and now. Second when I joined the Navy they said the US was done we could win anything then the first gulf war, and all the stuff after that we have won everything in under 30 days. the problem is when we let the politicians get involved. But I have faith in my kids and the kids my friend are raisin.


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DistroWatch Weekly
A weekly opinion column and a summary of events from the distribution world
DistroWatch Weekly, Issue 481, 5 November 2012
Welcome to this year's 45th issue of DistroWatch Weekly! It has been another fun week in the world of open source operating systems. The highly secure and reliable OpenBSD operating system, version 5.2, was released with a number of important improvements, including the ability to allow multithread programs running on OpenBSD to use multiple CPUs. Speaking of releases, Debian, a pillar of the Linux community, is nearing its 7.0 release. Read on below for some of the interesting changes coming to the "universal operating system". Also in our News section the Electronic Frontier Foundation weighs in on Ubuntu's latest release and user privacy. Additionally, on the topic of privacy, the Tails project produces a live image which is designed to protect a user's identity and security. In this week's feature review Jesse Smith takes the Tails distribution for a spin and reports on his experience. Last week we touched briefly on a bug in the ext4 file system which may cause data corruption and Robert Storey brings us more details on the problem and suggests possible workarounds while the kernel developers prepare a fix. As usual we cover the releases of the past week, look ahead to exciting new releases and bring you news, podcasts and reviews from Around the Web. We here at DistroWatch wish you a pleasant week and happy reading!
Review: Tails and Claws
News: The EFF talks about privacy and Ubuntu, Debian introduces changes to their installer and Valve seeks help testing Steam on Linux.
Tips and Tricks: Ext4 Data Corruption Bug and Solution
Released last week: Finnix 106, Parabola GNU/Linux 2012.10.17, Slackel KDE-4.9.2
Upcoming releases: Fedora 18 Beta, Mageia 3 Alpha 3, ROSA 2012.1-RC
Around the Web: Reviews, podcasts and newsletters
New distributions: Maui, sposkpat
Feature Story (by Jesse Smith)
Tails and Claws
Over the past year I have looked at two distributions (Liberté and LPS) which have a strong focus on security. Staying secure and anonymous on-line is a popular topic these days as many people are concerned about freedom of speech and monitored communications. Many of us are concerned about our privacy and, with that in mind, I would like to introduce our readers to a Linux distribution called Tails. The Tails project is based upon Debian's Stable repositories and includes a number of privacy and security tools available out of the box. The distribution can be transferred to a USB drive or a live DVD. The distribution isn't meant to be installed to a local hard disk, but rather run from external media (specifically the documentation suggests read-only DVDs) in an effort to avoid infection of the operating system. I downloaded the project's ISO which weighs in at approximately 770MB.
Before getting into what it was like to run Tails, I first want to acknowledge the documentation provided on the Tails website. The project does a nice job of explaining potential threats, explaining what Tails will do for its users and it also goes over a list of things from which Tails will not protect people. This is good because some people seem to feel security is a binary situation, either they are secure and anonymous on-line or they aren't. The situation isn't so black & white and the Tails documentation does a nice job of telling us how the distribution can protect us and what dangers still lurk out there on the Net.
Tails 0.13 -- Website and documentation.
(full image size: 124kB, resolution: 1366x768 pixels)
When we first boot off the Tails media we're brought to a graphical screen which is essentially a login screen. However, instead of asking us for a name and password we are asked if we would like to login with the defaults or select from more options. Taking the defaults logs us into a GNOME 2 (version 2.30) desktop with a plain blue background. An application menu and system tray sit at the top of the display and a task switcher sits at the bottom of the screen. On the desktop we find icons for browsing the local file system, accessing the Tails documentation and there is an icon for launching a bug reporting wizard.
Going back to the login screen for a moment, if we do decide to browse the available options we are asked if we would like to set a password for the root account and we are given the option of logging into a desktop environment which is themed to look like Windows XP. I tried this alternative theme and the effect really is quite convincing at a glance. The same applications are available to us and the same technology protects us, but the alternative theme allows a person to avoid the attention an open source desktop might attract from casual observers.
Tails 0.13 -- Alternative desktop theme.
When we first login to the desktop the distribution's web browser, Iceweasel, launches and gives us a status report, indicating whether we are connected to the Tor network. We're shown our IP address as the world sees it, letting us confirm whether the anonymizing software is working. Iceweasel comes with a number of add-ons, including Adblock, FireGPG, HTTPS Everywhere and Noscript. These add-ons will encourage secure connections and allow for a minimal amount of tracking from JavaScript and advertising. Looking at the desktop's system tray we find an onion icon which will give us status information about our connection to Tor and there is another icon for launching a virtual keyboard.
Looking in the application menu we find the Iceweasel web browser, the Claws e-mail client, Pidgin for instant messaging and a Tor connection monitor. There is a second web browser entry marked "unsafe" and this menu item also launches Iceweasel, but without the benefit of Tor. Launching the unsafe browser option brings up a dialog box warning us of the risks and asking if we are sure we wish to launch the browser. Assuming we do open Iceweasel without Tor then we find Iceweasel's border has been tainted red as a reminder that its use is not recommended. Also in the application menu we find the OpenOffice suite, the Audacity audio editor, a CD ripper and the Totem video player. The PiTiVi video editor is included in the distribution and there are apps for setting up (and removing) persistent storage volumes on USB drives. Additionally, the menu holds a copy of the GNU Image Manipulation Program, Inkscape, an archive manager, a calculator and a text editor. The Orca screen reader is available to us as are the full range of GNOME configuration apps. Another handy tool presented to us is a meta data anonymizer. This application will scan files, such as images, and detect meta data stored in the file. The application will then offer to scrub the file, removing the meta data. The scrub is performed on a copy of our file, leaving the original intact. This is useful if we want to upload a file to someone without risk of having identifying marks left in the file.
Tails 0.13 -- Web browser plugins.
Exploring Tails further we find Java is installed for us, as are popular multimedia codecs. Flash isn't included, due to security concerns surrounding the plug-in. In order to assist users in acquiring more software, the Synaptic package manager is included in the application menu. Finally, behind the scenes, the Linux kernel, version 3.2, keeps things running for us.
Besides Iceweasel there are a few programs included with Tails that can be used to communicate with the outside world and I'd like to touch briefly on two of them. The first is Pidgin, the instant messenger client. Launching Pidgin automatically connects us to an IRC server and lists two available chat channels, one for Tor and one for Tails. Here we can hope to find help in trouble-shooting problems. I tried connecting to other types of accounts Pidgin supports, but found my login attempts were blocked. I'm uncertain if this is a bug or a feature as logging in to a server with known credentials would be a security breech.
The other application I'd like to touch on briefly is Claws. Claws is an e-mail client which attempts to be both user friendly and secure. The security aspect comes from having encryption and signing support built into the e-mail client. Typically the use of encryption tools requires a plug-in, but Claws comes with security in mind by default. Aside from the built in encryption, Claws acts much like any other modern e-mail client. It reminds me a bit of Thunderbird, or perhaps Thunderbird before the developers introduced tabs. At any rate, Claws is fairly straight forward to use and supports both POP and IMAP connections. I played around with it a little and had no trouble connecting to remote servers and downloading messages. Of course, signing into a remote server gives away our identity and the headers of messages aren't encrypted, so e-mail should be used with a degree of caution.
Tails 0.13 -- The Claws e-mail client.
I ran Tails on my laptop (dual-core 2GHz CPU, 4GB of RAM, Intel video card and Intel wireless card) and in a VirtualBox virtual machine. In both cases Tails worked well. When running on physical hardware, the distribution properly detected all of my hardware, set my screen to its maximum resolution and sound worked out of the box. Wireless networks were automatically detected and connecting was easy using Network Manager. I noticed that by default tapping my trackpad wouldn't register taps as clicks, but this feature can be enabled through the GNOME configuration menu. One nice feature of Tails is it will detect when it is running in a virtual machine and warn the user the operating system is not running directly on hardware and the session may be monitored. The GNOME 2 desktop is quite responsive and I found that, even with Tor running and accessibility features enabled, the distribution only used approximately 180MB of RAM.
Package management on Tails is handled by the Synaptic application. This graphical utility allows us to refresh our list of available packages from the Debian repositories. We can upgrade software and install new packages. Of course, when running from a DVD the changes we make to the operating system won't last through a reboot, but having a package manager available does give us some additional flexibility while using Tails. Synaptic works quickly and operated through Tor, much like Iceweasel does, hiding our IP address from the repository servers. I didn't do much with Synaptic during my trial, but I did take the time to install a few items to make sure they would install properly and I encountered no problems.
Having played around with Tails for a few days I have found it to be a pleasant, flexible platform from which to browse anonymously. I think what I enjoy most about Tails is that, unlike some specialty distributions, it feels much more like a general purpose desktop. Quite often I find projects which try to be secure or which are designed to rescue data or which have some other focus don't give the user the benefits (and flexibility) which come from running a regular desktop distribution. Tails has its focus aimed at being secure and anonymous out of the box, yet it manages to present a fairly friendly desktop and gives us the ability to get a wide range of work done and even access Debian's vast supply of software. Security may be placed first, but not in an exclusive fashion and I find that appealing. Another aspect of Tails I appreciated was the "XP" theme. The effect is really quite good and consistent, likely to mislead anyone who doesn't examine the desktop closely.
One other thing I like about Tails, and I brought this up briefly in the review of Liberté, is there are a few different approaches to take when a user wants to perform an action which is not recommended. The operating system can allow the action, the operating system can warn the user of the potential danger and then give the user a choice as to whether to proceed, or the system can block the action. Liberté opted to block unsafe actions. Tails, on the other hand, takes what I feel is the more desirable approach of educating the user about the potential dangers of their actions and then letting the user decide whether to take the risk. It is a style which protects the operator, but doesn't presume to know better than the user and I like this approach. Last, but not least, I found the documentation on the Tails website to be clear and fairly easy to navigate. The developers have done a good job of trying to educate their users, both explaining what Tails is and what it is not, and I see that as a good starting point. To date, Tails is probably my favourite security-oriented distribution.
The EFF talks about privacy and Ubuntu, Debian introduces changes to their installer and Valve seeks help testing Steam on Linux.
Canonical's decision to include on-line searches for Amazon products in the Dash of the latest version of Ubuntu stirred up some controversy and any number of bug reports from users. Some complained that the on-line search component made local searches too slow, others felt there was a privacy concern and some simply didn't want advertisements mixed in with their local search results. Others feel that Ubuntu should be able to make money with a little product placement, no harm, no foul. This past week the Electronic Frontier Foundation put forward their two cents saying "Technically, when you search for something in Dash, your computer makes a secure HTTPS connection to productsearch.ubuntu.com, sending along your search query and your IP address. If it returns Amazon products to display, your computer then insecurely loads the product images from Amazon's server over HTTP. This means that a passive eavesdropper, such as someone sharing a wireless network with you, will be able to get a good idea of what you're searching for on your own computer based on Amazon product images. It's a major privacy problem if you can't find things on your own computer without broadcasting what you're looking for to the world." The EFF goes on to acknowledge that on-line searching can be disabled and provides instructions for users who wish to either disable these searches or switch to a different desktop environment, thus side-stepping the Dash completely. The EFF's statement concludes with a list of requests for the Ubuntu developers, including changing the on-line ads feature to opt-in rather than opt-out; explaining to users in detail what is done with their search results and which third-parties get access to that data; and making the privacy settings more fine-grained.
The release of Debian 7.0 is getting closer and it was recently announced that the installer for 7.0 will include support for IPv6. Support for EFI has also been introduced which means the Debian installer will no longer rely on legacy BIOS code. This change may also pave the way for future support of additional features such as Secure Boot. A few months back it was announced Debian would be shipping Xfce as the default desktop on their installation media, replacing GNOME which was becoming too large to fit on a single CD. Since then work has been done to squeeze GNOME onto the installation CD and it looks as though GNOME is back in as the default Debian desktop.
The openSUSE developers have been working on an ARM port of the big, green operating system. Last week the developers pushed out openSUSE 12.2 for ARM, release candidate 2, with plans to release the final version November 6th. To date it looks as though the ARM port works on Chromebooks and the N900. Future plans include making openSUSE work with the popular Raspberry Pi economy computer. People looking to experiment with the new openSUSE branch can find testing images on the project's website.
Valve is one of the more influential gaming companies these days. Their games and their Steam platform have gained a large following, both among dedicated and casual gamers alike. This year Valve has been dipping their toes in the Linux pool, experimenting with porting their software to work with Linux distributions. This could be very good news for Linux users who want access to big name gaming titles as where Valve goes others often follow. Last week Valve put out a call for beta testers to try out the Linux version of their Steam client. If you are an experienced Linux user and have some spare time, consider helping Valve bring mainstream gaming to Linux.
Tips and Tricks (by Robert Storey)
Ext4 Data Corruption Bug and Solution
Just when you thought it was safe...
Ext4 (the fourth extended file system) has been the gold standard for the Linux kernel ever since it was declared "stable" in October 2008. It was the direct descendant of ext3 (released November 2001) which introduced journaling to the previously unjournaled ext2 file system that has been with us since 1993. Ever since its release into the wild, ext4 has proven to be fast and reliable. I've installed it onto more computers than I can count, and never had any reason to complain about it...until recently. But a serious bug has crept into the ext4 stable release, causing data corruption on some computers running Linux kernels 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6.
I first stumbled across this problem about six weeks ago when I was writing this review of Bodhi Linux. After installing Bodhi, it initially ran well, but by the fourth or fifth reboot problems developed. The first glitch: I couldn't log in while running Xorg, but could log in if I used text mode. A few reboots later and I couldn't log in at all -- in fact, all I saw was a blank, black screen. Needless to say, I was nonplussed and had a few email exchanges with the developer, who insisted that Bodhi was innocent. I, of course, occupied the moral high ground and nearly gave Bodhi a scathing review -- until I tried installing Lubuntu which soon developed similar problems. Properly chastised, I meekly retreated and gave Bodhi the fine review it deserved, and looked elsewhere for the cause of this debacle.
My assumption at this point was that my hard drive was probably failing. However, I had an older version of Ubuntu installed on the same hard drive and it ran smooth as silk. As it turned out, that installation was on a partition formatted with XFS, a file system that used to be my favorite because it was considerably faster than ext3. I never had any complaints about XFS and only abandoned it because most new distros no longer include the formatting command mkfs.xfs plus the necessary XFS utilities for error-checking. However, kernel support for XFS is very much alive, so it is still a viable option.
I broke out an old Slackware CD and reformatted my ext4 partition with XFS, then reinstalled Bodhi. It ran without a hiccup. Although I still wasn't confident that my hard drive was OK, I was glad to see it running well and wasn't going to look a gift horse in the mouth. Then just last week I was installing the recently released Ubuntu 12.10 on a friend's new computer when the same thing happened. Ubuntu ran great until the third reboot, when it too began to act flaky. At first it gave me nasty error messages, but on subsequent reboot attempts it just crashed and burned. Remembering my prior experience with Bodhi, I broke out that Slackware CD and reformatted with XFS, reinstalled and all was well.
If I was seeing this, I assumed there were others in the same boat, so I went searching. With just a little bit of googling, I found this October 24 post by Michael Larabel on the Phoronix web site: EXT4 Data Corruption Bug Hits Stable Linux Kernels. You should probably read Michael's post, but in a nutshell what it says is that starting from Linux kernel 3.4 and continuing, some users are seeing file data corruption on partitions formatted with ext4.
I should stress that not everyone is experiencing this issue. Indeed, I make a habit of installing Linux on friends' computers and only two of them formatted with the latest ext4 have so far developed this problem. On the other hand, that is two too many. I am always claiming that Linux is rock-solid reliable, so it's more than a little embarrassing when I install it for someone only to see it blow up shortly thereafter.
The chief maintainer of ext4, Theodore Y. "Ted" Ts'o , is well aware of the problem and hard at work on a solution. Ted is one of the most knowledgeable people in the world when it comes to file systems and I don't doubt for a minute that he will sort out this issue. However, tracking down the bug, issuing a fix and putting it through rigorous testing takes time.
On the one hand I am somewhat reluctant to write this news story, since having a large community of beta-testers (even unwilling ones) is helpful to solving this problem. On the other hand, some of us value our data more than life itself (did I just say that?), so we need a solution right now. Thus, I would like to make a few suggestions to those of you who have been bit by this bug, or are at least very concerned about it.
At the minimum, your various removable backup devices (external USB hard drive and USB memory sticks) should be formatted with either FAT32 (the factory default in almost every case) or ext2. I personally prefer ext2 as it supports such niceties as file ownership and uses space more efficiently. In fact, I've been using ext2 for this purpose long before this ext4 bug ever hit, because there really is no need for journaling on a backup device.
On your hard drive itself, a minimum precaution would be to have a separate /home partition formatted with a file system other than ext4. This would at least protect your precious data even if the root partition crashes and burns. However, most people (present company included) tend to put everything under the "/" root partition, /home included. Furthermore, it's kind of inconvenient to have your root file system crash, though again I stress that only a minority of users are actually experiencing this. If you decide do as I've done and go with XFS, there are a few tricks to installing it. As I already said, practically every distro comes with a kernel with XFS support baked in, but you need the formatting and maintenance utilities. You can hunt around for a live CD that already has mkfs.xfs installed. I used Slackware 13, but there are many others.
Alternatively, you could boot up even the latest Ubuntu live CD and install package XFSprogs before you run the installer. The Ubuntu installation program allows you choose XFS under the "something else" option for disk partitioning, but if you don't have XFSprogs installed, it won't be able to format the partition with that file system.
You may find that after you've installed your favorite distro on an XFS partition, on first boot-up you'll be greeted with this disheartening error message (as I saw on Ubuntu):
Serious errors were found while checking the disk drive for /. Press I to ignore, S to skip mounting or M for manual.
As scary as that message looks, there was nothing wrong with the disk. The problem was simply that since package XFSprogs was not installed by default, there were no XFS file system checking utilities. Thus, file system integrity could not be checked on boot-up and the attempt to do so failed. The simple solution is to press I to "ignore" and then after boot-up, install XFSprogs. On subsequent restarts, the error message should be absent.
Now that I've hyped XFS, I should probably mention that there are a few other ancient alternatives passed down to us by our ancestors. Why not simply go back to good old ext3? Probably not a good idea, for the reason it was abandoned in the first place - it was slow. Indeed, the old ext2 file system was significantly faster than ext3, but it lacked a journal. Aside from lackluster performance, ext3 had a few other drawbacks which you can read about here.
Another competitor in the file system wars is ReiserFS. Once very popular, it was the default on a number of distros I used (SUSE, for example). However, the murder conviction of chief developer Hans Reiser put a dark cloud over the whole project and no one really likes to talk about it. Nevertheless, the Linux kernel still has support, and if you want to try it look for the package reiserfsprogs.
One more alternative is JFS (the Journaled File System). This is an open-source implementation of a commercial file system that was used on IBM's trusty old AIX operating system. From what I understand, it works well enough though I've never used it personally. I don't know any distros that default to JFS, but it's still supported in the Linux kernel. The package you'll need is jfsutils. Using JFS might at least give you the warm fuzzy feeling of knowing that it was developed by a major brand-name tech company.
On the other hand, my personal favorite, XFS, was also a corporate spin-off. Developed by the now-defunct SGI (Silicon Graphics, Inc), it was the star file system of the IRIX OS and was considered very advanced for its time. Now that SGI is no longer with us, all development work on XFS has ceased. Given the fact that such development has introduced bugs into ext4, that might be a good thing.
Released Last Week
Finnix 106
Ryan Finnie has announced the release of Finnix 106, a small, self-contained, bootable Linux CD distribution for system administrators, based on Debian's testing branch: "Today I am pleased to announce the release of Finnix 106, which contains an important kernel update as well as minor fixes and improvements. Finnix 106 includes Linux kernel 3.5, and notably fixes a major bug observed in Finnix 105 where booting would freeze if the system's disk included an extended partition. With Finnix 105, Project NEALE was announced - an effort to build Finnix releases in a completely automated and normalized way. Finnix 105 was the first release to be produced with NEALE, but the build infrastructure was not available to the public at the time. For Finnix 106, the build infrastructure has been finished and released to the public." See the release announcement and release notes for more details.
Parabola GNU/Linux 2012.10.17
André Fabian Silva Delgado has announced the release of Parabola GNU/Linux 2012.10.17, a new version of the project's Arch-based distribution containing strictly free software only: "There is a new install medium available. We plan to release new installation media monthly. The live system can be used for new installs or as a rescue system. We have updated packages, fixed bugs and we have done the following visible changes: first medium with Linux-libre 3.6 (3.6.2) with Atheros AR8162 (ALX driver) support; the script boot parameter works again; when booting via PXE and NFS or NBD the ISO will be copied to RAM to ensure a more stable usage; the live medium contains usb_modeswitch and wvdial which allows to establish a network connection using an UMTS USB dongle; the newest version of systemd and netcfg are included...." Read the remainder of the release announcement for further details.
Slackel KDE-4.9.2
Dimitris Tzemos has announced the release of Slackel KDE-4.9.2, a live Slackware-based distribution with the very latest KDE desktop environment: "Slackel Live KDE-4.9.2 has been released. A collection of two KDE live DVD images are immediately available that can be burned to a DVD or used with a USB drive. The Slackel live DVD images include Linux kernel 3.2.29. Slackel Live KDE-4.9.2 includes the current tree of Slackware Linux and KDE 4.9.2, accompanied by a rich collection of KDE-centric software. Firefox 16.0.2, KMail, KTorrent, Akregator, Kopete, OpenJRE 7u9, Pidgin, gFTP, GParted, wicd, slapt-get and Gslapt, sourcery. In the multimedia section Bangarang 2.1, Clementine 1.0.1, K3b 2.0.2 are all included." See the release announcement to find out more about the release.
Bob Beck has announced the release of OpenBSD 5.2, a free, multi-platform BSD-based UNIX-like operating system: "We are pleased to announce the official release of OpenBSD 5.2. This is our 32nd release on CD-ROM. We remain proud of OpenBSD's record of more than ten years with only two remote holes in the default install. As in our previous releases, 5.2 provides significant improvements, including new features, in nearly all areas of the system. The most significant change in this release is the replacement of the user-level uthreads by kernel-level rthreads, allowing multithreaded programs to utilize multiple CPUs/cores. Some highlights: GNOME 3.4.2, KDE 3.5.10, Xfce 4.10, MySQL 5.1.63, PostgreSQL 9.1.4, Postfix 2.9.3, Mozilla Firefox 3.5.19, 3.6.28 and 13.0.1, Mozilla Thunderbird 13.0.1, LibreOffice 3.5.5...." See the OpenBSD 5.2 release page which includes a detailed list of all changes and improvements.
Tiny Core Linux 4.7
Robert Shingledecker has released version 4.7 of Tiny Core Linux, a minimalist but extensible graphical Linux distribution for desktop computers. From the release announcement: "I am pleased to announce the release of Core 4.7. Change log: updated ondemand to support scm extensions and icons from both tcz and scm; updated wbar - to support scm ondemand icons; updated scmapps GUI for new ondemand maintenance and download option; updated scm-load - new option -wo ondemand download; updated tc-functions - added new support functions; updated scm to interface to updated scmaps GUI; new scm-run to support scriptable load and launch scm style extensions; updated filetool - new GUI access to filetool.lst, .xfiletool.lst, and backup options; updated filetool.sh to interface to updated filetool GUI; updated apps GUI - New Check Onboot Unneeded and changes required by ondemand scm support...."
Arch Linux 2012.11.01
Pierre Schmitz has announced the availability of Arch Linux 2012.11.01, the latest of the regular installation CD images that the project providing a popular rolling-release Linux distribution now makes available at the beginning of each month. This is mostly a bug-fix release. From the release announcement: "The latest snapshot of our install and rescue media can be found on our download page. The 2012.11.01 ISO image mainly contains minor bug fixes, cleanups and new packages compared to the previous one: first media with Linux kernel 3.6; copytoram=n can be used to not copy the image to RAM on network boot - this is probably unreliable but an option for systems with very low memory; cowfile_size boot parameter mainly for persistent COW on VFAT, see the README file for details."
DragonFly BSD 3.2.1
Justin Sherrill has announced the release of DragonFly BSD 3.2.1, an updated version of the BSD operating system originally forked from FreeBSD 4: "The 3.2.1 release of DragonFly BSD is available now. Significant work has gone into the scheduler to improve performance, using postgres benchmarking as a measure. See the PDF of graphed results to see the improvements. DragonFly should be now one of the best selections for PostgreSQL and other databases. USB4BSD has been incorporated into this release. More USB devices are compatible with DragonFly, and xhci (USB 3.0) users may be able to take full advantage of their newer hardware. Since this is a new feature, it is available in 3.2 but not built by default." See the release announcement and the release notes for further information.
Development, unannounced and minor bug-fix releases
Clonezilla 2.0.0-34
Manjaro 0.8.2-rc2
FreeBSD 9.1-RC3 (Announcement)
Upcoming Releases and Announcements
Summary of expected upcoming releases
2012-11-06: Fedora 18 Beta
2012-11-06: openSUSE 12.2 ARM (see release schedule)
2012-11-12: Mageia 3 Alpha 3
2012-11-14: ROSA 2012.1 Release Candidate
2012-11-28: ROSA 2012.1 (see release schedule)
2012-12-11: Fedora 18 (see release schedule)
2012-12-12: Mageia 3 Beta 1
2013-01-17: openSUSE 12.3 Beta 1
2013-01-31: Ubuntu 12.04.2 (see release schedule)
2013-02-07: openSUSE 12.3 RC1
2013-03-05: Mageia 3 RC
2013-03-13: openSUSE 12.3 (see release schedule)
2013-03-20: Mageia 3 (see release schedule)
2013-04-25: Ubuntu 13.04 (see release schedule)
GeeXbox 3.0
BackBox Linux 3.0
Linux Lite 1.0.0
Lininux OS 12.00
Pear Linux 6 (hr)
MythTV Cast 39 (ogg)
Sourcetrunk 86 (ogg)
FLOSS Weekly 231 (mp3)
The Linux Link Tech Show (ogg)
mintCast 136 (ogg)
Linux For The Rest Of Us 110 (mp3)
Sunday Morning Linux Review 56 (ogg)
Linux Action Show 234 (ogg)
Debian Project News 2012/21
DistroWatch.com News
New distributions added to waiting list
Maui. Maui aims to be a user-friendly desktop operating system which aims to reduce the learning curve required from new users. It has an appliance-like approach and one of the project's goals is to have a distribution which can boot in under four seconds.
sposkpat. A single purpose operating system designed to offer a distraction in the form of the Kpatience card game.
DistroWatch database summary
Number of all distributions in the database: 733
Number of active distributions in the database: 323
Number of dormant distributions: 67
Number of discontinued distributions: 342
Number of distributions on the waiting list: 327
This concludes this week's issue of DistroWatch Weekly. The next instalment will be published on Monday, 12 November 2012. To contact the authors please send email to:
Jesse Smith (feedback, questions and suggestions: distribution reviews, questions and answers, tips and tricks)
Ladislav Bodnar (feedback, questions, suggestions and corrections: news, donations, distribution submissions, comments)
Bruce Patterson (feedback and suggestions: podcast edition)
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• Issue 823 (2019-07-15): Debian 10, finding 32-bit packages on a 64-bit system, Will Cooke discusses Ubuntu's desktop, IBM finalizes purchase of Red Hat
• Issue 822 (2019-07-08): Mageia 7, running development branches of distros, Mint team considers Snap, UBports to address Google account access
• Issue 821 (2019-07-01): OpenMandriva 4.0, Ubuntu's plan for 32-bit packages, Fedora Workstation improvements, DragonFly BSD's smaller kernel memory
• Issue 820 (2019-06-24): Clear Linux and Guix System 1.0.1, running Android applications using Anbox, Zorin partners with Star Labs, Red Hat explains networking bug, Ubuntu considers no longer updating 32-bit packages
• Issue 819 (2019-06-17): OS108 and Venom, renaming multiple files, checking live USB integrity, working with Fedora's Modularity, Ubuntu replacing Chromium package with snap
• Issue 818 (2019-06-10): openSUSE 15.1, improving boot times, FreeBSD's status report, DragonFly BSD reduces install media size
• Issue 817 (2019-06-03): Manjaro 18.0.4, Ubuntu Security Podcast, new Linux laptops from Dell and System76, Entroware Apollo
• Issue 816 (2019-05-27): Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0, creating firewall rules, Antergos shuts down, Matthew Miller answers questions about Fedora
• Issue 815 (2019-05-20): Sabayon 19.03, Clear Linux's developer features, Red Hat explains MDS flaws, an overview of mobile distro options
• Issue 814 (2019-05-13): Fedora 30, distributions publish Firefox fixes, CentOS publishes roadmap to 8.0, Debian plans to use Wayland by default
• Issue 813 (2019-05-06): ROSA R11, MX seeks help with systemd-shim, FreeBSD tests unified package management, interview with Gael Duval
• Issue 812 (2019-04-29): Ubuntu MATE 19.04, setting up a SOCKS web proxy, Scientific Linux discontinued, Red Hat takes over Java LTS support
• Issue 811 (2019-04-22): Alpine 3.9.2, rsync examples, Ubuntu working on ZFS support, Debian elects new Project Leader, Obarun releases S6 tools
• Issue 810 (2019-04-15): SolydXK 201902, Bedrock Linux 0.7.2, Fedora phasing out Python 2, NetBSD gets virtual machine monitor
• Issue 809 (2019-04-08): PCLinuxOS 2019.02, installing Falkon and problems with portable packages, Mint offers daily build previews, Ubuntu speeds up Snap packages
• Issue 808 (2019-04-01): Solus 4.0, security benefits and drawbacks to using a live distro, Gentoo gets GNOME ports working without systemd, Redox OS update
• Issue 807 (2019-03-25): Pardus 17.5, finding out which user changed a file, new Budgie features, a tool for browsing FreeBSD's sysctl values
• Issue 806 (2019-03-18): Kubuntu vs KDE neon, Nitrux's znx, notes on Debian's election, SUSE becomes an independent entity
• Issue 805 (2019-03-11): EasyOS 1.0, managing background services, Devuan team debates machine ID file, Ubuntu Studio works to remain an Ubuntu Community Edition
• Issue 804 (2019-03-04): Condres OS 19.02, securely erasing hard drives, new UBports devices coming in 2019, Devuan to host first conference
• Issue 803 (2019-02-25): Septor 2019, preventing windows from stealing focus, NetBSD and Nitrux experiment with virtual machines, pfSense upgrading to FreeBSD 12 base
• Issue 802 (2019-02-18): Slontoo 18.07.1, NetBSD tests newer compiler, Fedora packaging Deepin desktop, changes in Ubuntu Studio
• Issue 801 (2019-02-11): Project Trident 18.12, the meaning of status symbols in top, FreeBSD Foundation lists ongoing projects, Plasma Mobile team answers questions
• Issue 800 (2019-02-04): FreeNAS 11.2, using Ubuntu Studio software as an add-on, Nitrux developing znx, matching operating systems to file systems
• Issue 799 (2019-01-28): KaOS 2018.12, Linux Basics For Hackers, Debian 10 enters freeze, Ubuntu publishes new version for IoT devices
• Issue 798 (2019-01-21): Sculpt OS 18.09, picking a location for swap space, Solus team plans ahead, Fedora trying to get a better user count
• Issue 797 (2019-01-14): Reborn OS 2018.11.28, TinyPaw-Linux 1.3, dealing with processes which make the desktop unresponsive, Debian testing Secure Boot support
• Issue 796 (2019-01-07): FreeBSD 12.0, Peppermint releases ISO update, picking the best distro of 2018, roundtable interview with Debian, Fedora and elementary developers
• Issue 795 (2018-12-24): Running a Pinebook, interview with Bedrock founder, Alpine being ported to RISC-V, Librem 5 dev-kits shipped
• Issue 794 (2018-12-17): Void 20181111, avoiding software bloat, improvements to HAMMER2, getting application overview in GNOME Shell
• Issue 793 (2018-12-10): openSUSE Tumbleweed, finding non-free packages, Debian migrates to usrmerge, Hyperbola gets FSF approval
• Issue 792 (2018-1203): GhostBSD 18.10, when to use swap space, DragonFly BSD's wireless support, Fedora planning to pause development schedule
• Issue 791 (2018-11-26): Haiku R1 Beta1, default passwords on live media, Slax and Kodachi update their media, dual booting DragonFly BSD on EFI
• Issue 790 (2018-11-19): NetBSD 8.0, Bash tips and short-cuts, Fedora's networking benchmarked with FreeBSD, Ubuntu 18.04 to get ten years of support
• Issue 789 (2018-11-12): Fedora 29 Workstation and Silverblue, Haiku recovering from server outage, Fedora turns 15, Debian publishes updated media
• Issue 788 (2018-11-05): Clu Linux Live 6.0, examining RAM consumpion, finding support for older CPUs, more Steam support for running Windows games on Linux, update from Solus team
• Issue 787 (2018-10-29): Lubuntu 18.10, limiting application access to specific users, Haiku hardware compatibility list, IBM purchasing Red Hat
• Issue 786 (2018-10-22): elementary OS 5.0, why init keeps running, DragonFly BSD enables virtual machine memory resizing, KDE neon plans to drop older base
• Issue 785 (2018-10-15): Reborn OS 2018.09, Nitrux 1.0.15, swapping hard drives between computers, feren OS tries KDE spin, power savings coming to Linux
• Issue 784 (2018-10-08): Hamara 2.1, improving manual pages, UBports gets VoIP app, Fedora testing power saving feature
• Issue 783 (2018-10-01): Quirky 8.6, setting up dual booting with Ubuntu and FreeBSD, Lubuntu switching to LXQt, Mint works on performance improvements
• Issue 782 (2018-09-24): Bodhi Linux 5.0.0, Elive 3.0.0, Solus publishes ISO refresh, UBports invites feedback, Linux Torvalds plans temporary vacation
• Issue 781 (2018-09-17): Linux Mint 3 "Debian Edition", file systems for SSDs, MX makes installing Flatpaks easier, Arch team answers questions, Mageia reaches EOL
• Issue 780 (2018-09-10): Netrunner 2018.08 Rolling, Fedora improves language support, how to customize Kali Linux, finding the right video drivers
• Issue 779 (2018-09-03): Redcore 1806, keeping ISO downloads safe from tampering, Lubuntu makes Calamares more flexible, Ubuntu improves GNOME performance
• Issue 778 (2018-08-27): GuixSD 0.15.0, ReactOS 0.4.9, Steam supports Windows games on Linux, Haiku plans for beta, merging disk partitions
• Issue 777 (2018-08-20): YunoHost 3.0.0.1, limiting process resource usage, converting file systems on Fedora, Debian turns 25, Lubuntu migrating to Wayland
• Issue 776 (2018-08-13): NomadBSD 1.1, Maximum storage limits on Linux, openSUSE extends life for 42.3, updates to the Librem 5 phone interface
• Issue 775 (2018-08-06): Secure-K OS 18.5, Linux is about choice, Korora tests community spin, elementary OS hires developer, ReactOS boots on Btrfs
• Issue 774 (2018-07-30): Ubuntu MATE & Ubuntu Budgie 18.04, upgrading software from source, Lubuntu shifts focus, NetBSD changes support policy
• Issue 773 (2018-07-23): Peppermint OS 9, types of security used by different projects, Mint reacts to bugs in core packages, Slackware turns 25
• Issue 772 (2018-07-16): Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre 0.2.4, UBports running desktop applications, OpenBSD auto-joins wi-fi networks, boot environments and zedenv
• Full list of all issues
EasyNAS
Questions and answers: The safety of software in distribution repositories
Questions and answers: Trying different file systems
Questions and answers: What an ELF is and an HTTPS option
Myths and misunderstandings: Can Netflix run on a Raspberry Pi?
Tips and tricks: Finding which services were affected by an update
Questions and answers: Chatting with Jared Smith, Fedora Project Leader
Questions and answers: Clang went the compiler
Tips and tricks: Managing multimedia files
Questions and answers: Distribution release frequency
Linux Training


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Bellmore Station
130-Year-Old Work of Art: The Modernized Bellmore Station
By MTA Construction & Development | Bellmore Station
She's the belle of the Babylon Branch! Bellmore Station has received a full menu of station upgrades, including a renovated station waiting room, new art, platform rehabilitation and a new platform canopy. This beautiful station serves 7,000 weekday customers – it was first established by South Side Rail Road in…
First MTA Digital Communications Screens Installed in LIRR Car
By MTA Construction & Development | Baldwin Station, Bayside Station, Bellmore Station, Brentwood Station, Carle Place Station, Deer Park Station, East Hampton Station, East Yaphank Station, Farmingdale Station, Floral Park Station, Flushing Main Street Station, Great Neck Station, Hicksville Station, Lynbrook Station, Merillon Avenue Station, Merrick Station, Mets-Willets Point Station, Mineola Station, Murray Hill Station, New Hyde Park Station, Northport Station, Nostrand Avenue Station, Pinelawn Station, Port Jefferson Station, Project Update, Ronkonkoma Station, Stewart Manor Station, Stony Brook Station, Syosset Station, Valley Stream Station, Wantagh Station, Westbury Station, Wyandanch Station
As part of the new MTA Live Media Program, four digital communication screens have been installed, as a test, in an LIRR M7 car. Live screens have been installed in many LIRR stations, as well as in subway stations and in Grand Central Terminal. Through this program, more than 53,000…
Anniversary of First Tactile Warning Strips Recognizes Improved Safety for Over 50 Years
By MTA Construction & Development | Baldwin Station, Bayside Station, Bellmore Station, Brentwood Station, Carle Place Station, Deer Park Station, Double Track, East Hampton Station, East Side Access, East Yaphank Station, Farmingdale Station, Floral Park Station, Flushing Main Street Station, Great Neck Station, Hicksville Station, LIRR Expansion Project, Lynbrook Station, Merillon Avenue Station, Merrick Station, Mets-Willets Point Station, Mineola Station, Murray Hill Station, New Hyde Park Station, Northport Station, Nostrand Avenue Station, Pinelawn Station, Port Jefferson Station, Ronkonkoma Station, Stewart Manor Station, Stony Brook Station, Syosset Station, Valley Stream Station, Wantagh Station, Westbury Station, Wyandanch Station
Whether by seeing or feeling, passengers know they're at the edge of a train platform thanks to these ubiquitous bumpy yellow tiles. Invented by Seiichi Miyake, the first tactile warning strips we installed in Okayama, Japan on March 18, 1967 next to a school for the blind. To this day…
Smartphone Running Low? USB Charging Stations Now Available and Ready for Use at Enhanced LIRR stations
By MTA Construction & Development | Baldwin Station, Bayside Station, Bellmore Station, Brentwood Station, Deer Park Station, East Hampton Station, Farmingdale Station, Flushing Main Street Station, Great Neck Station, Hicksville Station, Merrick Station, Northport Station, Port Jefferson Station, Stewart Manor Station, Stony Brook Station, Syosset Station, Valley Stream Station, Wantagh Station, Wyandanch Station
If you're waiting for a train – or you've just stepped off one – and your smartphone or tablet or laptop is out of power, the LIRR has a solution for you: you can now find freestanding USB charging stations and/or technology counters at 19 LIRR stations. These stations are:…
AModernLI.com Announces Its Guide to LIRR 2018 Art Installations
By MTA Construction & Development | Bellmore Station, Brentwood Station, Deer Park Station, Pinelawn Station, Port Jefferson Station, Stewart Manor Station, Wantagh Station, Wyandanch Station
To celebrate Valentine's Day 2019, AModernLI.com is delighted to announce its 2018 Art Guide! Created in collaboration with MTA Arts & Design, the guide includes the location and an image of each work of art installed at LIRR stations in 2018. There were a total of ten art installations at…
Construction Nears Completion at Bellmore Station
Construction is nearing completion at Bellmore station. The waiting room entrances have been completed, the waiting rooms are open and all interior work, including the installation of fire alarms and storefront windows, has been completed. There is a free lending library in the station waiting room, and the USB charging…
SHOAL (2018), by Dan Funderburgh, Installed at Bellmore Station
Dan Funderburgh's ceramic tile and glass mosaic artwork, SHOAL, has been installed in the ticket office waiting area at Bellmore Station. SHOAL celebrates the journey between home and away and the flow of people, history, and identity throughout Long Island. Ocean waves cover three walls of the station house, featuring…
Rehabilitation of Bellmore Station Building Expected to Be Complete December 2018
The rehabilitation of the Bellmore Station building is expected to be completed this month. New benches, USB charging stations, a new ticket window and counter and new information screens have been installed in the station building. Additionally, two bathrooms have been renovated, and new MTA Arts & Design artwork has…
With Completion of Platform Waiting Room, Platform Work at Bellmore Station Continues
Platform work continues at Bellmore Station. The sealing of the platform is ongoing, as is the installation of LED lighting on the platforms. The entirely refurbished platform waiting room was opened to the public on November 21st. It features new glass and tiling, a new ceiling, new lighting, new motion-sensitive…
Construction Advances at Bellmore Station
By MTA Construction & Development | Bellmore Station, Project Update
Construction is advancing at Bellmore Station. The exterior walls of the station building are being tiled with new blue tile, as are the walls of the platform waiting area and the walls around the escalator and staircase. The station building's old furnace has been removed and the installation of a…