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Der Langschnabel-Zaunkönig (Cantorchilus longirostris) ist eine Vogelart aus der Familie der Zaunkönige (Troglodytidae), die in Brasilien endemisch ist. Der Bestand wird von der IUCN als nicht gefährdet (Least Concern) eingeschätzt.

Merkmale
Der Langschnabel-Zaunkönig erreicht eine Körperlänge von etwa 19,0 bis 21,5 cm bei einem Gewicht von 20,0 bis 21,0 g. Er hat gräuliche Zügel, einen schmutzig weißen Überaugenstreif sowie einen mittel dunkel braunen Augenstreif. Die Ohrdecken und der Bereich unter den Augen ist schmutzig weiß und dunkelgrau gesprenkelt. Der Oberkopf und der Nacken sind stark dunkelbraun, eine Färbung, die am Hinterrücken ins Rötliche übergeht, wo er auch undeutlich dunkler gestreift ist. Der Bürzel ist rötlich braun. Die Handschwingen, die Armschwingen und die Schirmfedern sind tief rötlich braun, mit engen schwarzen Streifen. Die rötlichen braunen Steuerfedern sind von dunkleren breiten Binden durchzogen, die Richtung Ende breiter werden. Das Kinn ist schmutzig weiß mit engem schwärzlichem Bartstreif, die Kehle blass gelbbraun bis weißlich. Die Brust ist rötlich gelbbraun, der Bauch kräftig gelbbraun. Die Augen sind braun bis rötlich braun, der Schnabel blaugrau, wobei der Oberschnabel etwas dunkler oder schwarz ist. Die Beine sind matt grau.  Beide Geschlechter ähneln sich. Jungtiere unterscheiden sich von erwachsenen Vögeln durch weniger klar gezeichnete Markierungen im Gesicht und dem Bartstreif, den grauen Augen und den kürzeren Schnabel. Vom sehr ähnlichen Weißohr-Zaunkönig (Cantorchilus leucotis) unterscheidet er sich durch den längeren Schnabel und die etwas rötlichere Unterseite.

Verhalten und Ernährung
Es liegen keine Daten zur Nahrung des Langschnabel-Zaunkönigs vor. Bei der Futtersuche scheint er meist in Paaren oder alleine unterwegs zu sein. Sein Futter sucht er in der Vegetation bis fünf Meter über dem Boden, meist aber unter zwei Meter.

Lautäußerungen
Der Gesang des Langschnabel-Zaunkönigs ist laut und variantenreich und wird von beiden Geschlechtern von sich gegeben. Die Phrasen der Männchen und der Weibchen unterscheiden sich etwas, was sich dann im Duett überlagert. Die Laute klingen wie tschoop-tschip-tschip, tschi-wah-lii oder ähnlich. Auch ein ruhigeres individuelles Lied beider Geschlechter, welches nicht synchron von sich gegeben wird, gehört zu seinem Repertoire. Der Gesang kann sich im Laufe des Tages verändern. So glauben die einheimischen Menschen, dass dies in Folge von Wetteränderungen der Fall ist.

Fortpflanzung
Jungtiere des  Langschnabel-Zaunkönigs wurden von Februar bis spät in den März beobachtet. Bei einem erwachsenen Männchen wurden im September vergrößerte Hoden festgestellt, was nahe legt, dass das Brüten mit der örtlichen Regenzeit zusammenfällt. Das überdachte Nest hat einen nach unten geneigten Seiteneingang. Außerdem baut er einfachere Schlafnester.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum
Der Langschnabel-Zaunkönig bevorzugt Sekundärwälder, Lichtungen mit Gestrüpp und Waldränder, baumreiche Caatinga-Landschaften sowie Mangroven. Örtlich kommt er reichlich in großem dichten Restinga-Landschaften vor, die von küstennaher weißer Sandvegetation geprägt ist. Er scheint weniger wasseraffin zu sein, als der Weißohr-Zaunkönig. Er bewegt sich in Höhenlagen von Meeresspiegel bis 900 Metern.

Migration
Es wird vermutet, dass der Langschnabel-Zaunkönig ein Standvogel ist.

Unterarten
Es sind zwei Unterarten bekannt. Diese lauten:
 Cantorchilus longirostris bahiae (, 1903) kommt im Nordosten Brasiliens vor. Die Unterart wirkt im Großen und Ganzen blasser, insbesondere am Bürzel. Die Steuerfedern haben breitere dunkle Binden, die Unterseite weist wenige Übergänge auf, ist weißer. Die Ohrdecken sind weniger gesprenkelt.
 Cantorchilus longirostris longirostris (, 1819) ist im Osten Brasiliens verbreitet.

Etymologie und Forschungsgeschichte

Die Erstbeschreibung des Langschnabel-Zaunkönigs erfolgte 1819 durch Louis Pierre Vieillot unter dem wissenschaftlichen Namen Thryothorus longirostris. Das Typusexemplar stammte aus der Sammlung von Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest und wurde in Brasilien gesammelt. Ein weiterer Balg wurde ihm von Guillaume Michel Jérôme Meiffren de Laugier, Baron von Chartrouse zur Verfügung gestellt. 2006 führten Nigel Ian Mann, Frederick Keith Barker, Jefferson Alden Graves, Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann und Peter James Bramwell Slater die für die Wissenschaft neue Gattung Cantorchilus ein. Dieser Name leitet sich von »cantus« für »Lied« und »orkhilos « für »Zaunkönig« ab. Der Artname »longirostris« ist ein lateinisches Wortgebilde aus »longus« für »lang« und »-rostris, rostrum« für »-schnäblig, Schnabel«. »Bahiae« bezieht sich auf den brasilianischen Bundesstaat Bahia. Hellmayr hatte die Unterart bereits 1901 unter dem Namen Thryophilus longirostris striolatus (, 1824) beschrieben, musste aber feststellen, dass es sich dabei um ein Synonym zur Nominatform handelt.

Literatur

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Anmerkungen

Zaunkönige
Endemischer Vogel Brasiliens


Washington DC: Sri Lanka's Embassy in Washington D.C. moved to its new chancery premises on October 19th marking another milestone in the seven-decade long diplomatic presence in the United States.
The Ambassador and the staff marked the occasion with a simple and solemn ceremony at the new premises on 3025, Whitehaven Street, NW, in the presence of religious dignitaries representing multiple faiths, who invoked their blessings on the new premises and its staff.
Addressing those present, Ambassador Prasad Kariyawasam observed that the occasion happily coincides with the recent exponential progress in the bilateral relationship between the United States and Sri Lanka.
Sri Lanka established diplomatic relations with the United States and opened its first chancery building on Wyoming Avenue soon after gaining independence, in 1948. The premises on Wyoming Avenue witnessed the ebb and flow of the US-Sri Lanka relationship over the years; a robust relationship that has remained one of the most important for Sri Lanka based on shared democratic and multi ethnic values that bind the two countries and create natural affinities. The Ambassador on this occasion paid tribute to all those officers who had served Sri Lanka at the previous premises of the Embassy on Wyoming Avenue.
The Ambassador also remarked that the more spacious and elegant new buildings would help better profile and project Sri Lanka in the United States capital and serve as a user-friendly establishment for all those who seek services of the Embassy, in particular, the Sri Lankan American community in the United States.


The Orchestra at Temple Square is a nationally recognized symphony orchestra that functions concurrently as a concert orchestra and as a companion volunteer organization to the Mormon Tabernacle Choir and Temple Square Chorale.
Its guest soloist, Itin, is an internationally acclaimed pianist who has received rave reviews from publications as wide ranging and diverse as the Le Monde in Paris, France, to The Jerusalem Post in Israel.
Itin was born in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Prior to entering the Moscow Tchaikovsky Conservatory, he studied at the Sverdlovsk Music Conservatory, from which he graduated with highest honors. He has been a featured pianist with famous orchestras from around the world, including the London Philharmonic and Tokyo Philharmonic.
"We're exceptionally lucky to have a pianist the caliber of Itin perform in concert in Pocatello, and his appearance with the Orchestra at Temple Square makes it just that much more special," noted George Casper, director for events at ISU.
More information on Itin is available at www.jwentworth.com.
The Orchestra at Temple Square was created in 1999 under the direction of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints President Gordon B. Hinckley as part of the creative initiative to continually strengthen and expand the capabilities of the church music organizations. Under the direction of Igor Gruppman, conductor, the orchestra functions concurrently as a concert orchestra and as a companion volunteer organization to the Mormon Tabernacle Choir and Temple Square Chorale.
The orchestra undertakes its own concert season performing from standard orchestral literature. In highly successful past seasons, the orchestra has given critically acclaimed performances of such masterworks as Symphony No. 8 ("Unfinished") by Schubert, Mozart's Symphony No. 40 as well as his Violin Concerto in G Major, Symphony No. 8 by Dvorak, Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 4 as well as works by Tchaikovsky, Borodin, Verdi, Barber and Vaughan Williams.
• Nov. 3 – The Salt Lake Repertory Dance Theatre, which has been celebrating the art of dance in performance and education since 1987 and produces main stage ballets with professional artists and musicians. Tickets are $16 for the main level or $12 for the upper level.
• Nov. 4 – DRUM! Is Nova Scotia's new musical production, featuring 20 musicians, dancers, drummers and singers from four of the principle cultures of Canada–black, Acadian, aboriginal and Celtic–brought together to produce a fusion of music, dance, poetry, video, rhythm and song. Tickets are $28 for the main level or $22 for the upper level.
• Dec. 9 – Acoustic Eidolon is comprised of Joe Scott and Hannah Alkire who combine their musical talents. Scott plays a custom acoustic guitar, the double neck guitjo, an instrument he invented. Alkire performs on the classic cello. Tickets are $16 for the main level or $12 for the upper level.
• Dec. 19 – Kurt Bestor will return to Pocatello for the second year to perform a unique Christmas show. His show features guest musicians and an orchestra, as well as Bestor's own playing, conducting and emceeing. The show features original arrangements of classic and contemporary Christmas songs. Tickets are $28 for the main level or $22 for the upper level.
• Feb. 24, 2007 – Samarabalouf is a music trio hailing from France that plays original music in the spirit of world-famous Gypsy jazz star Django Reinhardt and his rhythmic guitar. The recent addition of an accordion brings originality, humor, virtuosity and emotions to this group. Tickets are $24 for the main level or $18 for the upper level.
• March 31, 2007 – The Celtic Tenors were signed on the spot to an international record deal following an impromptu audition in London in 2000, an event so unprecedented that it soon became the talk of the music industry. The group has been growing in popularity since. Tickets are $24 for the main level or $18 for the upper level.


Power generation plants vary greatly across the industry, from those fueled by coal or natural gas to those powered by nuclear, hydroelectric or geothermal energy. But though they operate differently, they still share a common goal: to meet the growing demand for energy in a responsible, efficient way. John Crane's depth and breadth of applied engineering expertise, product innovation and reliability services help plants of all types increase uptime, reduce emissions and improve efficiency to achieve all of their goals.
For 100 years, John Crane has supported the power generation industry with reliability-tested solutions. Because John Crane mechanical seals operate in mission-critical power generation applications, our seal designs have been carefully tested under simulated in-plant conditions to ensure dependability in demanding situations. Our test centers can also perform chemical analyses and material compatibility evaluations specific to power generation applications.
And our commitment to reliability doesn't stop at quality components. With 200+ global rapid-response centers, we have one of the most reliable support and repair services in the world.
Type 5860, Type 5870 and Type 5840 Slurry Seals: Designed for handling slurries with solids contents up to 60% by weight, without the need for water flush support; used for FGD slurry pumps, sludge pumps and coal slurry transportation.
TSKS/TSCS: Designed to give the most flexible solution for high-torque and misalignment conditions. Ideally suited to meet the pumping, motor, and turbine drive power transmission needs of the power generation industries.


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Beijing Argentina National Soccer Team Philadelphia Phillies Houston Astros Lionel Messi Mikaela Shiffrin Roger Federer Sports MLB baseball FIFA World Cup World Athletics Championships Pain management 2022 Beijing Olympic Games Artistic swimming General news
AP Photos: In 2022, sports brought every imaginable emotion
By The Associated Press - Dec. 23, 2022 04:00 PM EST
Germany's Stephan Leyhe soars through the air during the third stage of the 70th Four Hills ski jumping tournament in Bischofshofen, Austria, Wednesday, Jan. 5, 2022. (AP Photo/Matthias Schrader)
Sport is the forum where it cannot be hidden, where the feelings that are pulsing through someone's core at a particular moment — be it good or bad, joy or pain, exhilaration or anguish, relief or regret — can be captured in a single image.
It was there with Lionel Messi, maybe the greatest soccer player of all time, finally hoisting the World Cup trophy for Argentina. The euphoria, unmistakable.
It was there with Mikaela Shiffrin of the U.S., maybe the greatest women's skier of all time, sitting on the side of the course at the Beijing Olympics after skiing out in the first run of the slalom race, hiding her face from the world. The disappointment, unmistakable.
Everyone knew what they felt in those moments.
Sometimes, it works the other way. The image makes the viewer feel something as well. Like a shot of someone from Team Ukraine competing in artistic swimming at the world championships in Hungary, droplets of water splaying every which way off her body while she competes for a war-torn country. You could feel the pride. Or a shot of two men on the ground, trying to protect themselves from a rampaging bull in Mexico City. You could feel the fear.
Capturing the moment takes no more than a sliver of a second, though the image lives forever. And many from 2022 were simply iconic. Serena Williams in the spotlight at the U.S. Open, presumably for the final time. Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal and Novak Djokovic all holding back emotion in the same image at the Laver Cup, Federer's final event before retirement, the enormity of that moment not lost on any of them as they realized that the greatest three-headed rivalry the sport had ever seen is now over.
The picture, as the cliché says, tells 1,000 words. Sometimes, the picture is of the words as well.
"I'm a good curler. I have confidence. Let's have fun," Japan's Satsuki Fujisawa wrote on her right hand, in English, during the Beijing Olympics.
The affirmation must have helped; she won silver at the Beijing Olympics, improving one spot from her bronze-medal finish at Pyeongchang four years earlier.
And many needed no additional explanation. Scottie Scheffler, hoisting his putter skyward as the warm Georgia sun shone down when he won the Masters. Mike Krzyzewski, college basketball's all-time winningest coach, sitting on a courtside stool as he led Duke at the Final Four for the final time. Anna Hall, throwing her arms skyward on her way to winning bronze in the heptathlon at the world track and field championships. Hector Neris of the Houston Astros, leaping to celebrate his team being two innings away from closing out the Philadelphia Phillies and winning the World Series.
The moments were just that, moments. This year is gone. Next year awaits. But these images from 2022 will live on, a forever reminder of what this year made us feel.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


By Cathryn Cavazos Sterling, KS – April 18, 2018, 11:38 P.M.
It seems as if the theatre kids just don't stop, and this time, they are putting on quite the show.
"Noises Off," a play written in 1982, is the story of a British playwright who is trying, but failing, to keep together a show full of strange and eccentric actors. Audiences get to see what "truly" happens backstage during a theatre production, and the result is nothing like one would expect. The play features a healthy dose of chaos, comedy, and an absurd amount of sardines.
Alyssa Hershey, junior, said that "this is the most hilarious show that she's ever been a part of, this show is a blast," she said.
This is not the first time that the College has brought the show to life. "Alumnus Greg McGlynn '87 directed the play in 1988 at Sterling College, and the Sterling Community Theatre Troupe performed the show under the direction of Dennis Dutton in 1996," said the College's article.
Opening night is tomorrow, April 19 will run through Sunday, April 22. Doors open at 7 p.m. and the show begins at 7:30 p.m. every night, except for the Sunday matinee, when doors open at 1:30 p.m. and the show begins at 2 p.m. Tickets are $10 for adults and $5 for children, students and seniors. Sterling College students and faculty get in for free.


Autism is hard enough to live with, but how do you cope when the Mum gets cancer? Not just once or twice, but three times, and her child is totally dependent on her for everything?
I have been following the blogs from the Thinking Moms' Revolution for a while now. Those mums (and dad) know what I'm going through with my own kids, and they are determined to help them despite the naysayers. One of the blogs that really grabbed me was about Autism and the Church, written by Booty Kicker. Attending church and following our faith was a big part of our life, until the Autism monster exploded in the middle of it.
When you have a child that cannot sit still for more than a minute or two, church is not exactly a comfortable place. If your child insists on verbal tics and vocalisations in the middle of prayer, you get strange looks. Other children feel like they're missing out if your child is sitting there, plugged into their iPad or portable DVD player (and the parents don't look too impressed either). Chasing your child through the rain or searing heat while everyone else is sitting inside listening to the sermon, doesn't exactly imbue you with the right spirit. Then there's the issue of fellowshipping over a meal – something else that became impossible to do because we are on a restricted diet.
So I stopped going and stayed at home with my son while my husband took the other kids to church. Booty Kicker (Melanie Baldwin)'s post really helped me to know that it wasn't just us going through these issues. There are hundreds, if not thousands of families out there who can no longer go to worship at the House of the Lord. A lot of us felt a kinship with her post and a sense of relief that it wasn't just us.
Now, Melanie has once again got cancer. She's already beaten breast and bone cancer, and has recently been diagnosed with spine and liver cancer. Her son Luke is severely ill and needs constant attention – like many of our kids he injures himself due to his autism. Autism doesn't come cheap, and neither does cancer, and how do you replace a mother who is battling for her own health?
Her family needs your help. Please make a donation, so that her family can continue on while she is not able to be with them. Pray for Melanie, her son Luke, and her husband Tim during this time of need. Pay it forward!
Edited 7th October 2014 – Melanie has passed away and is now resting without pain, in the arms of her Saviour. Her son still needs constant care, and her husband will have to try and take care of their sweet boy while still grieving for the loss of his wife. Please pray for this family to be able to work their way through their grief, and for the continued care of Luke. Please give if you can.


The Snow Grabber has been developed with the latest requirements of European and Asian SUV manufacturers in mind. That includes production of "extra-load" models with a higher load-bearing capacity, and a tyre design that takes account of the higher center of gravity of SUV models. The Snow Grabber has been developed for best possible safety in all winter conditions and combines high cornering stability with high traction. As a result, this tyre delivers precision handling and short braking distances – as well as unlimited driving pleasure on snow, gentle off-road terrain and icy roads. Along with the normal tyre there is also a studdable version and General Tyre offers a total of 26 sizes. The Snow Grabber is available for rims between 15 and 19 inches with aspect ratios of between 70 and 50 percent and widths of between 205 and 255 millimeters. Depending on the size, these tyres are approved for speeds of up to 240 km/h.
The Altimax Nordic tyre is based on a compound that retains its flexibility in the cold and is designed for use in Scandinavia, Russia and the Baltic States. Even at low temperatures, it reliably transfers the dynamic forces to snow-covered and icy roads. Its asymmetrical tread with a large number sipes and block edges optimizes traction, braking performance and directional stability. The Altimax Nordic is designed for compact to mid-range cars, while two of the 12 sizes in the portfolio are also suitable for vans. General Tyre manufactures these winter tyres for rims between 14 and 17 inches, with aspect ratios of between 65 and 45 percent and in widths between 175 and 225 millimeters. Depending on the size, the Altimax Nordic is approved for speeds of up to 190 km/h.
The Altimax Arctic tyre is designed for highest demands at the lowest temperatures. The high number of sipes and edges on the tread make for reliable grip. This tyre is studdable for maximum traction, with a computer-optimized stud pattern on the tread. As a result, it ensures maximum grip on ice and snow as well as increased ride comfort due to low tyre-road noise. This specialist for Arctic conditions is available in ten sizes for rims between 14 and 16 inches and in widths from 175 to 215 millimeters. Like many studded tyres for Nordic conditions it is approved for speeds of up to 160 km/h.


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Data Unions
Streamr Data Challenge
Do people want to sell their data? Insights on how to build a successful Data Union
Do people want to sell their data? Will they act collectively to pool and trade their information? New research unlocked answers.
Tamsin Bishton
13 Feb 2020 • 8 min read
Discussing Data Monetisation in front of a packed audience at Mozfest, London, Oct 2019.
Last year, Streamr's CEO Henri Pihkala wrote about crowdselling data using Community Products — a new kind of data product made possible by Streamr technology and available via Streamr's Marketplace.
As Henri explained, "What makes a Community Product different from other [data] products is… for the first time, end users can push the data they create to a larger saleable product and receive automatic payment every time that product sells."
For anyone who shares Streamr's belief that decentralized infrastructure will deliver a healthier distribution of money and power, this was a big moment. Flash forward to this year, Community Products are now known as Data Unions, and they have the potential to propel the work of the Streamr community into the consciousness of a much wider audience, bringing the goals of profoundly disrupting and transforming the current digital data paradigm closer.
The first Data Union is Swash, a browser extension developed by Streamr community members based in Turkey, that allows its users to capture, anonymise and sell their data. Launched late last year, it's now attracted over 1000 users.
Given all this potential, Streamr were keen to increase their understanding of the users who are crucial to the success of Data Unions. Would people be interested in selling their data? What would make people tempted to join a Data Union? This is what we at Wilsome have been working on since October, and we're excited to be able to share some of the insights now.
In December 2019 we spoke to 21 men and women from around the world (UK, Spain, Malaysia, France, USA, Bangladesh, Sweden, Brazil, Italy, Germany, Czech Republic) aged between 18 and 55 years-old. 11 of them were more tech-confident Early Adopters, while 10 were in the Early Majority category — the crucial segment who are slightly further behind the curve in terms of adoption of technology and are essential to reach if mass adoption is to follow. We hosted three focus groups (all in the UK), then spoke to everyone individually in a follow-up interview.
We had some big questions to answer:
Do people want to own and trade their personal data?
Are they comfortable with using cryptocurrency to do this?
Do people care about what's happening with their data — and the way it's being captured and exploited right now?
Are they feeling any tension between the convenience and social fluidity that digital services give them vs what's happening with their data behind the scenes?
Do they actively want to change this 'tyranny of T&Cs' dynamic that exists at the moment? Are they even aware of it?
What would motivate people to join a Data Union and crowdsell their data — and what would stop them?
We talked with people about these ideas and their own behaviour. We created concept boards for fictional crowdselling platforms to provoke a reaction. And we also invited them to try using the Swash browser extension — giving them the chance to decide what data they were willing to crowdsell, to earn some DATAcoin, and to see how they found the experience in practice.
While this qualitative research was with a limited sample of the large potential user base for Data Unions, the work produced some baseline attitudes around data and privacy to help steer future quantitative research, and clear insights that anyone developing Data Unions should consider as they design.
What did we learn?
1. People are not aware of a solution
Most people — even many Early Adopters — are not aware that data trading at an individual level is even possible. Although high profile scandals such as the Cambridge Analytica / Facebook data breach are on people's minds, this isn't yet translating into people actively thinking about personal data privacy or what's happening to their data in their day-to-day lives.
The thing is that data I've already shared is out there now and I have no control over it. So it's almost making me feel like I give up. What can I do?
- Leo (Early Adopter, 18, Brazil/Italy)
There was a passivity around the issue, underpinned by the sense of powerlessness many people expressed. Early Adopters tended to say they don't know how to address the problem of personal data management, or that "it's too late" — so aren't worrying about it.
We have no choice — you just have to accept T&Cs and you miss out if you don't use the apps.
- Nick (Early Majority, 18, UK)
Some Early Majority users explained their concern was mitigated because they saw a fair exchange happening between service providers and individuals.
We use the internet, they gather our data, that's just the kind of give and take. Not hugely fussed about it.
- Ilse (Early Majority, 30, Germany)
A few people expressed trust in regulation such as GDPR fixing the issues, eventually. But for many people, there was a lack of trust in corporations' capacity or interest in doing the right thing, and little faith in governments' ability to do anything about it.
Corporations, because of law, they have things in place to protect your data but they often breach these. They often do because they know they can get away with it. What's a fine of a few million to them? They'll make a billion tomorrow.
- Nish (Early Adopter, 19, Bangladesh)
Based on what we heard in this research, before people can take advantage of the benefits of joining a Data Union, there's a job for someone to do to help people grasp the idea that a different relationship and power balance with their data is possible.
2. Once they get the idea, people like it
Once we explained and demonstrated the concept of crowdselling and Data Unions, most people liked it, and some loved it.
It didn't take long for Early Adopters to grasp the idea. A straightforward explanation of a tool like the Swash plugin was enough for them to get on board. And trying it for themselves was sufficient proof of concept.
One of those brilliant ideas where you think 'why didn't I think of this first?'.
"Data Buddy": An imaginary product mock-up created to test user assumptions and favourability
It was harder for the Early Majority to feel comfortable with it. They needed more information — everything from high-level explanations about the idea and potential benefits of a Data Union to the detail of how cryptocurrency works and the fine settings inside a Data Union tool. But once they got it, they tended to like it (and most of them liked it a lot).
I would need to know who is buying the data and I would need to feel I was getting enough money. If I felt comfortable about that then I would be 10/10 certain to use it.
- James (Early Majority, 23, UK)
3. 'Money for nothing' appeals
The clearest motivator for people was the prospect of 'making money for something you're doing already', even if that meant small amounts.
As long as it's data that is probably going to be shared anyway, I think it's a great idea because I feel that you have more say over that data and you're getting a financial reward for something that up until now… companies were just taking.
- Jerry (Early Adopter, 27, UK)
The amounts that people estimated they might earn for different types of personal data varied, especially around social media. Many expressed interest and curiosity about the value of their data in a marketplace — tempered with a sense of realism about what it might be possible to earn in practice. When asked to put a price on data streams such as music streaming, financial activity, online shopping and social media activity there was considerable variation — banking data valued highest, music the lowest. Overall there was a 'wait and see' approach to understanding what they would accumulate with the Swash plugin over time.
What are people's monetary expectations when it comes to selling different categories of 'their' data?
4. People want visibility and control
People appreciated the control and flexibility they experienced when trying the Swash plugin. Many felt that having that visibility was educating them about how much data they are sharing without thinking about it. They wondered if it might also help them learn the true value of their data over time.
I think I've just become a bit more aware of what's going on. I didn't really realise that there was any way for us to be able to get paid for this data that was kind of stolen. So it's quite interesting.
- Tori (Early Majority, 20, UK)
People were reassured by the flexibility and transparency of Swash's data capture settings
5. Crypto is not a barrier
Trading data using cryptocurrency wasn't perceived as a problem by most people, even those who didn't fully understand what it is or how it works. There was a basic level of trust that they could work it out with some research.
6. People want to know who's buying
The greatest potential barrier for those considering using a Data Union was uncertainty over who would be buying the data. Most people wanted to be able to review and veto data buyers.
Perhaps I don't want to sell this data to pharmaceutical company in US or some company from Russia…
- Makej (Early Majority, 39, Czech Republic)
So while the monetary reward was important, people were also interested in exerting control. This attitude was prevalent across all those we talked to, whether Early Majority or Early Adopter. It could be the biggest emotional lever to activate engagement with crowdselling and Data Unions for the long term.
In the future this will be standard — my grandkids will be shocked by the lack of control we have had.
Overall, we found plenty of reasons for the Streamr community to feel confident that Data Unions are a concept that many more people could be ready for, given the right introduction and experience.
We hope our research helps to move understanding forward and to spark more analysis — in particular, there's a need to test attitudes and behaviours at a greater scale through quantitative research.
At the moment, based on this research, we'd argue that the biggest barrier is a sense of ignorance about what's possible, and passivity borne out of a sense of powerlessness or non-engagement with the issues around data and privacy. In a world where we all have a lot to worry about, this issue is lower down on our list. For now.
So first and foremost, while recognising the challenges around building trust and authority, we'd suggest that the immediate task is to start talking about the issues in a way that more people can understand, and demonstrating that at the very least we can all start to earn some basic income from trading our data without any real effort other than installing a simple plugin.
The gap between Early Adopters and Early Majority users is real. But it could be bridged by focusing on the tangible benefits to individuals, addressing the concerns around security and control and providing clear explanations of both the big picture and the finer details of the products themselves.
And the good news is that, based on what we observed in this research, there's an appetite and enthusiasm for Data Unions across both groups once they get to try the technology for themselves.
Those who design with more cautious users in mind may be the ones to realise the scale and impact that Data Unions have the potential to achieve.
We'll certainly be watching this space with close interest.
If you like to contact Streamr for more insight on this research, please email contact@streamr.network
More in Data Unions
'Trust' in a Centralized World & Emerging Solutions for the Protection of Human Data
2021 Data Monetization Predictions
Data Union Concept Ideas
19 Nov 2020 – 3 min read
Swash news: updated features, mobile compatibility and the road ahead
In October 2019, The Swash app launched in beta. Since then, it has grown to over 1,000 active members.
Ebrahim Khalilzadeh
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text:
PM welcomes the Kigali Agreement
Published By : Admin | October 15, 2016 | 22:53 IST
Kigali Agreement will have a lasting impact on our planet: PM Modi
Kigali Agreement will lead to reduction of 0.5 degree in global temp by end of century, help us achieve goals set in Paris: PM
Kigali Agreement will provide a mechanism for India to access & develop technologies that leave low carbon footprint: PM
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has welcomed the Kigali Agreement, which has been signed by 197 nations - including India - in Kigali, Rwanda, with the goal of curbing the use of climate-altering hydroflourocarbons (HFCs).
"The Kigali Agreement to the Montreal Protocol reached this morning is a historic occasion, which will have a lasting impact on our planet.
Agreement will lead to a reduction of 0.5 degree in global temp by the end of the century and enable us to achieve the goals set in Paris.
The flexibility and cooperation shown by India as well as other countries has created this fair, equitable and ambitious HFC agreement.
This will also provide a mechanism for countries like India to access and develop technologies that leave a low carbon footprint.
I congratulate all countries for having come together on this critical issue, which will contribute to a greener Earth", the Prime Minister said.
The Kigali Agreement to the Montreal Protocol reached this morning is a historic occasion, which will have a lasting impact on our planet.
— Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) October 15, 2016
Agreement will lead to a reduction of 0.5 degree in global temp by the end of the century & enable us to achieve the goals set in Paris.
I congratulate all countries for having come together on this critical issue, which will contribute to a greener Earth.
Kigali Agreement
India First


Hybridmagazine.com | April 2001 - Town & Country (R) hybridmagazine.com :: indie counter-culture daily, no secret handshakes.
At long last, the movie TOWN & COUNTRY is being released. You may have heard of this cinematic dreadnought, which was shot in 1998, languished in the kitchen with many cooks, was reshot in April of 2000, after faring poorly at test screenings, again was handled by many cooks, and is finally being served up at a cineplex near you.
I was watching the ads and trivia slides that run on screen before movies these days, and I was struck by a quote from Warren Beatty: "Movies are fun, but they're not a cure for cancer." I kept thinking about this, and about the three years and $90 m. expended on TOWN & COUNTRY.
TOWN & COUNTRY puts Beatty and Keaton (REDS) together again, in a muddy, badly told story of infidelity and bobos in paradise. Starting off with the sort of Django Reinhart music that can only have been chosen deliberately to put one in the mind of a Woody Allen movie, we follow the lives and loves of the seemingly idle, creative rich. There are truly affecting and human stories of love among the consummate New Yorkers (see Edith Wharton's The Age of Innocence or The House of Mirth, or Woody Allen's ANNIE HALL or HANNAH AND HER SISTERS), but in this case Buck Henry has failed to write souls for his characters. Instead their great clothes and great houses define them for us.
But mostly the movie relies on a sort of shorthand. Just as screenwriters Laughlin and Henry were seemingly content to let wardrobe and sets define some of their characters, they let casting define others. As Andie McDowell's dad, who may or may not have been an intimate of Ernest Hemingway, Charlton Heston's real-life pottiness over guns stands in for actual character development. And they have relied on viewers' familiarity with Elfman's TV portrayal of Dharma ("Dharma and Greg"), to clue us that she's the free spirit.
At one point, before the scales fall from her eyes, Eleanor fondly remarks to Porter that "strange and familiar" is good in new buildings and old relationships. TOWN & COUNTRY's recipe got the measurements wrong—too much familiar, not enough strange.


Henley Rowing Club juniors travelled upriver on Sunday to compete in one of the last head races of the season. At a busy Abingdon Spring Head, the juniors section of J13 and J14 crews battled against strong blustery gusts to race along the meandering 2000m course.
In the J13 boys coxed quad, Connor Brown, Jake Collins, Oliver Taylor , Jack Spiers and cox Joe Edwards beat crews from Bishop Vesey Grammar School and Falcon Rowing Club by some margin to a first win for these boys in a style that bodes well for the future.
The J13 girls crew of Livvy Peterson, Jessica Arlett, Felicity Parfitt, Sophia Hann and cox Georgia Brown rowed in the J14 division owing to no other J13s entered and performed well, coming 5th overall beating three J14 crews in the process.
In the J14 girls events, Lottie Orr and Tilly Lock competed in the double sculls. Against strong wins on the final 1000m, they sculled well in the conditions, and although they beat local rivals Maidenhead they came second overall to a very good Stratford crew.
In the WJ14 coxed quads, the A quad of Ruby Brown, Charlotte Moss, Lottie Orr, Tilly Lock and cox Maral Dharvind came second in a time of 9 minutes. The B quad Ruby Brown, Caitlin Copland, Eve Poulter, Amelia Fielding Smith and cox Maral Dharvind competed in the second division later in the day to record a time of 9 minutes and 15 seconds, ensuring that Henley took fourth place.
In the Masters events, Henley entered a double in the G category and came fourth in a time of 9 minutes and 36 seconds.


text:
Film and Television: Biographies
Hal Roach
Roach, Hal
views updated Jun 27 2018
Producer and Director. Nationality: American. Born: Elmira, New York, 14 January 1892. Military Service: Made propaganda and training films during World War II: colonel. Family: Son: the producer Hal Roach, Jr.; daughter: Margaret. Career: 1910—muleskinner and gold rusher in Alaska; 1912—arrived in Hollywood, entered films as stuntman and actor for Universal; 1914—formed Rolin Film Company: "Willie Work" series with Harold Lloyd, followed by popular "Lonesome Luke" series; then produced (and often directed and wrote) many short comedy films with Harry Pollard, Will Rogers, Charlie Chase, Edgar Kennedy, Laurel and Hardy, Our Gang, Thelma Todd and ZaSu Pitts, and others; TV producer, with his son, after World War II: company finally dissolved, 1962. Awards: Academy Award for Bored of Education, 1936; Special Academy Award, 1983. Died: 2 November 1992.
Films as Producer (Shorts):
Willie (Campbell); Willie's Haircut (MacGregor); Willie Goes to Sea (Campbell)
Number Please (Newmeyer)
Now or Never (Newmeyer); Among Those Present (Newmeyer); Never Weaken (Newmeyer)
The Timber Queen (Jackman—serial); The Ropin' Fool (Badger); Fruits of the Faith (Badger); Our Gang (McGowan); Young Sherlocks (McGowan and McNamara)
Her Dangerous Path (Clements—serial); Get Your Man (Jeske); The Smile Wins (Jeske); Boys to Board (McNamara); Good Riddance (Jeske); Jus' Passin' Through (Parrott); Hustlin' Hawk (Pembroke); Uncensored Movies (Clements); Two Wagons, Both Covered (Wagner)
Short Kilts (Jeske); Smithy (Jeske); Postage Due (Jeske); Zeb vs. Paprika (Cedar); Near Dublin (Cedar); Brothers under the Chin (Cedar); The Cowboy Shiek (Howe); The Cake Eater (Howe); Big Moments from Little Pictures (Howe); High Brow Stuff (Wagner); Going to Congress (Wagner); Rupert of Cole Slaw (Rupert of Hee-Haw) (Pembroke); Wide Open Spaces (Jeske); Our Congressman (Wagner); A Truthful Liar (Del Ruth); Gee Whiz Genevieve! (Howe); Don't Park There! (Guiol); Jubilo, Jr. (McGowan)
Is Marriage the Bunk (McCarey); Isn't Life Terrible? (McCarey); Yes, Yes, Nanette (Laurel and Hennecke); Wandering Papas (Laurel)
Madame Mystery (Laurel and Wallace); Long Live the King (McCarey); Thundering Fleas (McGowan); Along Came Auntie (Guiol); Crazy Like a Fox (McCarey); Be Your Age (McCarey); The Nickel Hopper (Jones); Should Men Walk Home? (McCarey); Should Tall Men Marry (Bruckman)
Why Girls Say No (McCarey); Slipping Wives (Guiol); The Honorable Mr. Buggs (Jackman); Fluttering Hearts (Parrott); Love 'em and Weep (Guiol); Why Girls Love Sailors (Guiol); With Love and Hisses (Guiol); Sailors Beware (Guiol); Hats Off (Yates); Love 'em and Feed 'em (Bruckman); Do Detectives Think? (Guiol); Call of the Cuckoo (Bruckman); Assistant Wives (Parrott); Flying Elephants (Butler); Galloping Ghosts (Parrott); Putting Pants on Philip (Bruckman); The Lighter That Failed (Parrott)
The Boy Friend (Guiol); Spook-Spoofing (McGowan); Rainy Days (Mack); The Finishing Touch (Bruckman); The Family Group (Guiol); Dumb Daddies (Yates); Edison, Marconi, & Co. (Mack); Spoofing (McGowan); Aching Youth (Guiol); From Soup to Nuts (Kennedy); Came the Dawn (Heath); Barnum and Ringling, Inc. (McGowan); Blow By Blow (Parrott); You're Darn Tootin' (Kennedy); Limousine Love (Guiol); Tell It to the Judge (Guiol and Yates); The Fight Pest (Guiol); Fair and Muddy (Oezle); Should Women Drive? (Yates); Crazy House (McGowan); That Night (Heath); School Begins (Mack); The Ol' Gray Hoss (McGowan); Early to Bed (Flynn); Imagine My Embarrassment (Yates); Is Everybody Happy? (Yates); Should Married Men Go Home? (Parrott); The Battle of the Century (Bruckman); The Booster (Yates); Do Gentlemen Snore? (Heath); Growing Pains (Mack); A Pair of Tights (Yates); Their Purple Moment (Parrott); Habeas Corpus (Parrott)
Bacon Grabbers (Foster); Double Whoopee (Foster); Hotter Than Hot (Foster); Men o' War (Foster); Railroadin' (McGowan); Crazy Feet (Doane); Lazy Days (McGowan); Boxing Gloves (Mack); Little Mother (McGowan); Wiggle Your Ears (McGowan); Loud Soup (Foster); The Holy Terror (Mack); Dog Heaven (Mack); Berth Marks (Foster); Big Business (Horne); The Hoose-Gow (Parrott); The Big Squawk (Doane); Cat, Dog, & Co. (Mack); Bouncing Babies (McGowan); Shivering Shakespeare (Mack); The Real McCoy (Doane); Noisy Noises (McGowan); Movie Nights (Foster); Snappy Sneezer (Doane); The Perfect Day (Parrott); Sky Boy (Rogers); They Go Boom (Parrott); Thin Twins (Horne); Leaping Love (Doane); That's My Wife (French); Angora Love (Foster); Feed 'em and Weep (Guiol); The Head Guy (Guiol); Rainy Days (Mack); Skirt Shy (Rogers); Stepping Out (Foster); Unaccustomed as We Are (Foster); Saturday's Lesson (McGowan)
Pups Is Pups (McGowan); Below Zero (Parrott); Blotto (Parrott); The King (Horne and Rogers); When the Wind Blows (Horne); The Big Kick (Doane); Fast Work (Horne); Night Owls (Parrott); The Brats (Parrott); A Tough Winter (McGowan); The Laurel and Hardy Murder Case (Parrott);The Fighting Parson (Rogers and Guiol); The Shrimp (Rogers); The First Seven Years (McGowan); All Teed Up (Kennedy)
Call a Cop! (Stevens); Shiver My Timbers (McGowan); High Gear (Stevens); Catch-as-Catch-Can (Neilan); Dogs Is Dogs (McGowan); One Good Turn (Horne); Come Clean (Horne); The Kick-Off! (Stevens); One of the Smiths (Parrott); The Panic Is On (Parrott); Helpmates (Parrott); Beau Hunks (Beau Chumps) (Horne); Big Ears (McGowan); Hasty Marriage (Pratt); Readin' and Writin' (McGowan); Skip the Maloo (Parrott); War Mamas (Neilan); What a Bozo (Parrott)
Wild Babies (Mack and French); Free Eats (McCarey); Hook and Ladder (McGowan); The Old Bull (Marshall); First in War (Doane); Love Pains (Horne); The Nickel Nurser (Doane); Free Wheeling (McGowan); The Pooch (McGowan); Scram (McCarey); A Lad an 'a Lamp (McGowan); Spanky (McGowan); You're Telling Me! (French and Mack); The Soilers (Marshall); Their First Mistake (Marshall); Strictly Unreliable (Marshall); Alum and Eve (Marshall); Girl Grief (Parrott); Hot Spot (Lord); Show Business (White); Too Many Women (Mack and French); What Price Taxi (Lord); Young Ironsides (Parrott); The Chimp (Parrott); Choo-Choo (McGowan); County Hospital (Parrott); In Walked Charley (Doane); The Knockout (Mack and French); The Music Box (Parrott); Red Noses (Horne)
Sons of the Desert (Seiter); Busy Bodies (French); Wild Poses (McGowan); Asleep in the Feet (Meins); One Track Minds (Meins); Bedtime Worries (McGowan); Luncheon at Twelve (Parrott); Crook's Tour (McGowan); The Rummy (Lord); Thundering Taxis (Lord); Midsummer Mush (Parrott); The Cracked Ice Man (Parrott); Beauty and the Bus (Meins); Dirty Work (French); Sherman Said It (Parrott); Twin Screws (Parrott); Rhapsody in Brew (Gilbert); Mush and Milk (McGowan); Forgotten Babies (McGowan); The Kid from Borneo (McGowan); Maids à la Mode (Meins); Taxi Barons (Meins); Wreckety Wrecks (Lord); Air Fright (Meins); Backs to Nature (Meins); Fallen Arches (Meins); The Bargain of the Century (Parrott); Twice Two (Parrott); The Midnight Patrol (French)
Opened By Mistake (Parrott); The Live Ghost (Rogers); The Caretaker's Daughter (French); For Pete's Sake (Meins); Going Bye-Bye! (Rogers); A Duke for a Day (Parrott); The First Round-Up (Meins); I'll Take Vanilla (Parrott and Dunn); Four Parts (Parrott and Dunn); Fate's Fathead (Parrott); Washee Ironee (Parrott); Next Week-End (Dunn); Them Thar Hills (Rogers); Movie Daze (Meins); Another Wild Idea (Parrott and Dunn); Apples to You! (Jason); Babes in the Goods (Meins); Bum Voyage (Grinde); Hi Neighbor! (Meins); Honky-Donkey (Meins); I'll Be Suing You (Meins); Maid in Hollywood (Meins); Mike Fright (Meins); Mrs. Barnacle Bill (French); Mixed Nuts (Parrott); Nosed Out (Yates); The Private Life of Oliver the Eighth (French); Something Simple (Parrot and Weems); Soup and Fish (Meins); Speaking of Relations (Yates); Three Chumps Ahead (Meins); You Bring the Ducks (Yates); You Said a Hatful! (Parrott); One Horse Farmers (Meins); Benny from Panama (Parrott); Music in Your Hair (Parrott); Roamin' Vandals (Jason and Yates); Done in Oil (Meins)
Hot Money (Horne); The Four Star Boarder (Parrott); The Tin Man (Parrott); Twin Triplets (Terhune); Nurse to You (Parrott); Treasure Blues (Parrott); Shrimps for a Day (Meins); Anniversary Trouble (Meins); The Chases of Pimple Street (Parrott); The Fixer-Uppers (Rogers); The Infernal Triangle (Douglas); Little Papa (Meins); Little Sinner (Meins); Lucky Beginners (Douglas); Mama's Little Pirate (Meins); Manhattan Monkey Business (Parrott and Law); The Misses Stooge (Parrott); Our Gang Follies of 1936 (Meins); Poker at Eight (Parrott); Public Ghost No. 1 (Parrott and Law); Sing, Sister, Sing (Parrott); Slightly Static (Terhune); Southern Exposure (Parrott); Sprucin' Up (Meins); Teacher's Beau (Meins); Thicker Than Water (Horne); Tit for Tat (Rogers); Top Flat (Terhune and Jevne); Life Hesitates at Forty (Parrott and Law); Pay As You Exit (Douglas); Divot Diggers (McGowan); Vamp till Ready (Parrott and Law); Neighborhood House (Parrott and Law); The Pinch Singer (Newmeyer); Second Childhood (Meins); The Count Takes the Count (Parrott and Law); An All American Toothache (Meins); Arbor Day (Newmeyer); At Sea Ashore (Terhune); Hill Tillies (Meins); On the Wrong Trek (Parrott and Law); Pan Handlers (Terhune); Spooky Hooky (Douglas); Two Too Young (Douglas); Bored of Education (Douglas)
Nobody's Baby (Meins); Pick a Star (Sedgwick); Night 'n' Gales (Douglas); Rushin' Ballet (Douglas); Roamin' Holiday (Douglas); Our Gang Follies of 1938 (Douglas); Fishy Tales (Douglas); Framing Youth (Douglas); Glove Taps (Douglas); Mail and Female (Newmayer); Reunion in Rhythm (Douglas); Hearts Are Thumps (Douglas); Three Smart Boys (Douglas)
Came the Brawn (Douglas); Party Fever (Sidney); Mein in Fright (Sidney); Hide and Shriek (Douglas); Football Romeo (Sidney); Practical Jokers (Sidney); Canned Fishing (Douglas); Feed 'em and Weep (Douglas); Three Men in a Tub (Watt)
Dog Daze (Sidney); Joy Scouts (Cahn); Auto Antics (Cahn); Clown Princes (Sidney); Cousin Wilbur (Sidney)
Films as Producer and Director (Shorts):
Just Nuts; Lonesome Luke; Once Every Ten Minutes; Spit Ball Sadie; Fresh from the Farm; Soaking the Clothes; Pressing His Suit; Terribly Stuck Up; A Mix-Up for Maisie; Some Baby; Giving Them Fits; Bughouse Bell Hops; Ragtime Snapshots; Great While It Lasted; Tinkering with Trouble; A Foozle at a Tea Party; Peculiar Patients' Pranks; Social Gangster; Ruses, Rhymes, Roughnecks
Luke Leans to the Literary; Luke Lugs Luggage; Luke Lolls in Luxury; Luke the Candy Cut-Up; Luke Foils the Villain; Luke Pipes the Pippins; Skylight Sleep; Luke's Late Lunches; Luke Laughs Last; Luke's Fatal Flivver; Them Was the Happy Days; In Soft in a Studio; Lonesome Luke, Circus King; Lady Killers; Luke's Society Mix-Up; Luke's Washful Waiting; Luke Rides Roughshod; Luke, Crystal Gazer; Luke's Lost Lamb; Braver Than the Bravest; Luke Does the Midway; Caught in a Jam; Luke Joins the Navy; Busting the Beanery; Luke and the Mermaids; Jailed; Luke's Speedy Club Life; Luke's Preparedness Preparation; Luke and theBang-Tails; Luke, the Chauffeur; Luke and the Bomb Throwers; Reckless Wrestlers; Luke, Gladiator; Luke, Patient Provider; Luke's Movie Muddle; Luke's Fireworks Frizzle; Luke Locates the Loot; Luke's Shattered Sleep; Trouble Enough; Luke and the Rural Roughnecks; Luke's Double
Lonesome Luke's Lively Life; Skinny Gets a Goat; Skinny's False Alarm; Skinny's Shipwrecked Sand-Witch; Lonesome Luke on Tin Can Alley; Lonesome Luke's Honeymoon; Lonesome Luke—Plumber; Stop! Luke! Listen!; Lonesome Luke—Messenger; Lonesome Luke—Mechanic; Lonesome Luke's Wild Women; Over the Fence; Lonesome Luke Loses Patients; Pinched Bliss; Rainbow Island; Love, Laughs, and Lather; Bashful; All Aboard; By the Sad Sea Waves; The Flirt; Lonesome Luke from London to Laramie; Birds of a Feather; Clubs Are Trump; We Never Sleep; Move On; One Quarter Inch; The Tip; Luke's Last Liberty; Luke's Busy Days; Luke's Trolley Trouble; Lonesome Luke—Lawyer; Luke Wins Ye Ladye Faire; Lonesome Luke's Lively Rifle
The Movie Dummy; The Big Idea; The Lamb; Hello Teacher; Hit Him Again; A One Night Stand; Beat It; A Gasoline Wedding; Look Pleasant Please; Here Come the Girls; Let's Go; On the Jump; Follow the Crowd; Pipe the Whiskers; It's a Wild Life; Hey There!; His Busy Day; Kicked Out; The Non-Stop Kid; Two-Gun Gussie; The Junkman; Fireman, Save My Child; The City Slicker; Sic 'em Towser; Somewhere in Turkey; Cleopatsy; Are Crooks Dishonest?; The Furniture Movers; Bees in His Bonnet; Step Lively; An Ozark Romance; Fire the Cook; Kicking the Germ Out of Germany; Beach Nuts; That's Him; Do Husbands Deceive?; Bride and Gloom; Nipped in the Bud; Two Scrambled; The Dippy Daughter; The Great Water Peril; Swing Your Partners; No Place Like Jail; Why Pick on Me?; An Enemy of Soap; Just Rambling Along; Hear 'em Rave; Nothing But Trouble; Take a Chance; Check Your Baggage; She Loves Me Not; Wanted $5,000; Going! Going! Gone!; Ask Father; On the Fire; Look Out Below; Next Aisle Over
Do You Love Your Wife?; Love's Young Scream; Hustling for Health; Toto's Troubles; Hoot Man; I'm on My Way; The Dutiful Dub; A Sammy in Siberia; Just Dropped In; Crack Your Heels; Ring Up the Curtain; Young Mr. Jazz; Si Senor; Before Breakfast; The Marathon; Back to the Woods; Pistols for Breakfast; Swat the Crook; Off the Trolley; Spring Fever; Billy Blazes, Esq.; Just Neighbors; At the Old Stage Door; Never Touched Me; A Jazzed Honeymoon; Count Your Change; Chop Suey & Co.; Heap Big Chief; Don't Shove; Be My Wife; The Rajah; He Leads, Others Follow; Soft Money; All at Sea; Call for Mr. Caveman; Giving the Bride Away; It's a Hard Life; From Hand to Mouth; His Only Father; Pay Your Dues; Bumping into Broadway; Captain Kidd's Kids; His Royal Slyness
Order in the Court; How Dry I Am; Red Hot Hottentots; Why Go Home?; Slippery Slickers; The Dippy Dentist; Looking for Trouble; Tough Luck; The Floor Below; All Lit Up; Getting His Goat; Waltz Me Around; Raise the Rent; Find the Girl; Fresh Paint; Flat Broke; Cut the Cards; The Dinner Hour; Speed to Spare; Don't Weaken; Shoot on Sight; The Eastern Westerner; Haunted Spooks; Drink Hearty; Trotting Through Turkey; Merely a Maid; All Dressed Up; Grab the Ghost; You're Pinched; Start the Show; High and Dry; All in a Day; Any Old Port; Don't Rock the Boat; Hello Uncle; The Home Stretch; Call a Taxi; Little Miss Jazz; A Regular Pal; Go As You Please; Rock-a-bye Baby; Money to Burn; Doing Time; Fellow Citizens; Alias Aladdin; Mamma's Boy; The Sandman; When the Wind Blows; Insulting the Sultan; Queens Up; The Dear Departed; Park Your Car; Cracked Wedding Bells; A London Bobby; June Madness; Live and Learn
The Sleepy Head; Greek Meets Greek; The Morning After; Pinning It On; Burglars Bold; Open Another Bottle; Prince Pistachio; Cash Customers; A Straight Crook; Big Game; Save Your Money; I Do (co-d); Bubbling Over; Catching a Coon; Fellow Romans; Fifteen Minutes; His Best Girl; Hobgoblins; Hurry West; The Kiljoys; The Love Lesson; Make It Snappy; On Location; Paint and Powder; No Children; Oh, Promise Me; Penny-in-the-Slot; Rush Orders; Running Wild; Where's the Fire?; Own Your Home; The High Rollers; You're Next; The Bike Bug; At the Ringside; What a Whopper; No Stop-Over; Teahing the Teacher; Spot Cash; Name the Day; Stop Kidding; The Jail Bird; On Their Way; Late Lodgers; The Chink; Rough Seas; Gone to the Country; The Lucky Number; Sweet By and By; A Zero Hour; Dodge your Debts; Law and Order; Late Hours; Trolley Troubles; The Joy Rider; The Hustler; The Pickaninny; Sink or Swim; Shake 'em Up; The Corner Pocket; Try, Try Again; Lose No Time; Loose Change; Call the Witness
Years to Come; Blow 'em Up; Stage Struck; Rich Man, Poor Man; Down and Out; Pardon Me; The Bow Wows; High Tide; Hot Off the Press; The Anvil Chorus; Jump Your Job; Stand Pat; Full o' Pep; Kill the Nerve; Days of Old; Light Showers; Do Me a Favor; The Movie; Punch the Clock; Strictly Modern; Hale and Hearty; Many Happy Returns; Some Baby; Friday the 13th; Fair Week; The Man Haters; A Bed of Roses; The Late Lamented; The Dumb-Bells; The Sleuth; The Bride-to-Be; Busy Bees; Take Next Car; The Stone Age; Touch All the Bases; The Truth Juggler; Rough on Romeo; Wet Weather; One Terrible Day; 365 Days; The Landlubber; Bone Dry; Soak the Sheik; Face the Camera; The Uppercut; The Fire Fighters; The Old Sea Dog; Out on Bail; Shiver and Shake; Shine 'em Up; Hook, Line, and Sinker; Washed Ashore; The Flivver; Blaze Away; The Golf Bug; Saturday Morning; Between Meals; Pay the Cashier; Dig Up; Paste and Paper; The Green Cat; The Only Son; The Champeen; Before the Public; Good Morning, Judge; Hired and Fired; I'll Take Vanilla; Leave It to Me; Fire the Fireman; Newly Rich; The Non-Skid Kid; A Quiet Street; The Roustabout; A Tough Winter; Watch Your Wife; A White Blacksmith
Don't Say Die; Harvest Hands; Mr. Hyppo; Once Over; Jailed and Bailed; A Loose Tightwad; The Cobbler; Tight Shoes; The Big Show; Shoot Straight; Do Your Stuff; For Safe Keeping; A Pleasant Journey; Bowled Over; Where Am I? Sunny Spain; Speed the Swede; California or Bust; The Noon Whistle; White Wings; Giants vs. Yanks; Don't Flirt; Sold at Auction; For Art's Sake; Back Stage; Under Two Jags; The Watch Dog; Fresh Eggs; Pick and Shovel; Courtship of Miles Sandwich; Dogs of War; Collars and Cuffs; The Uncovered Wagon; Kill or Cure; Jack Frost; ForGuests Only; Lodge Night; Gas and Air; Oranges and Lemons; Post No Bills; The Mystery Man; Be Honest; Live Wires; July Days; Short Orders; Take the Air; The Walkout; Let's Build; A Man about Town; No Noise; Finger Prints; Roughest Africa; Stepping Out; No Pets; Frozen Hearts; Winner Take All; Stage Fright; Heavy Seas; It's a Gift; Derby Day; Save the Ship; Go West; The Soilers; Sunday Calm; Fully Insured; Scorching Sands; The Great Outdoors; Join the Circus; Mother's Joy; Lovey Dovey; It's a Boy; The Darkest Hour; One of the Family; At First Sight; Tire Troubles; The Big Idea; Bowled Over; The Knockout; Once Over
The White Sheep (+ sc); The Bar Fly; Help One Another; Just a Minute; Big Business; Powder and Smoke; The Man Pays; Political Pull; Hard Knocks; Love's Detour; The Buccaneers; Love's Reward; Hunters Bold; Don't Forget; The Fraidy Cat; Seein' Things; Friend Husband; Our Little Nell; Hit the High Spots; One at a Time; Get Busy; Commencement Day; Publicity Pays; North of 50–50; April Fool; Bottle Babies; Position Wanted; Cradle Robbers; Up and at 'em; Fast Black; Suffering Shakespeare; Jeffries, Jr.; Why Husbands Go Mad; Radio Mad; A Ten Minute Egg; Seeing Nellie Home; It's a Bear; A Hard-Boiled Tenderfoot; Sweet Daddy; High Society; Why Men Work; South o' the North Pole; Outdoor Pajamas; The Sun Down Limited; Sittin' Pretty; Should Landlords Live?; The Lost Dog; Too Many Mammas; The Goofy Age; Every Man for Himself; Bungalow Boobs; The Sky Plumber; Hot Stuff; Accidental Accidents; Hot Heels; Fast Company; All Wet; Are Blond Men Bashful?; Deaf, Dumb, and Daffy; The Poor Fish; Meet the Missus; The Mysterious Mystery; The Royal Razz; Just a Good Guy; The Rubberneck; The Wages of Tin; The Rat's Knuckes; The Big Town; Hello Baby; Laugh That Off; The Family Entrance; Fighting Fluid; A Perfect Lady; Stole Goods; Young Oldfield
All Wool; Are Husbands Human?; Are Parents Pickles?; Ask Grandma; Bad Boy; Better Movies; The Big Kick; Big Red Riding Hood; Black Hand Blues; The Bouncer; Boys Will Be Joys; The Caretaker's Daughter; Change the Needle; Chasing the Chaser; Circus Fever; Cuckoo Love; Daddy Goes a-Grunting; Dog Days; Excuse My Glove; Flaming Flappers; The Fox Hunt; Grief in Bagdad; Hard Boiled; The Haunted Honeymoon; His Wooden Wedding; Hold My Baby; In the Grease!; Innocent Husbands; Laughing Ladies; Looking for Sally; The Love Bug; Madame Sans Jane; Mary, Queen of Tots; Moonlight and Noses; No Father to Guide Him; Official Officers; One Wild Ride; Papa, Be Good!; Plain and Fancy Girls; A Punch in the Nose; Riders of the Kitchen Range; The Royal Four Flush; A Sailor Papa; Sherlock Sleuth; Shootin' Injuns; Should Husbands Be Watched?; Should Sailors Marry?; Solid Ivory; Somewhere in Somewhere; Starvation Blues; Sure-Mike; Tame Men and Wild Women; Tell It to a Policeman; There Goes the Bride; Thundering Landlords; The Uneasy Three; Unfriendly Enemies; What Price Goofy?; Wild Papa; Your Own Back Yard
Tol'able Romeo; Hold Everything; Good Cheer; What's the World Coming To?; Charley My Boy; Long Pants; Your Husband's Past; Buried Treasure; The Hug Bug; Mam, Behave; Monkey Business; Dizzy Daddies; Wife Tamers; Do Your Duty; Ukelele Sheiks; Baby Clothes; Scared Stiff; Mum's the Word; Don Key, Son of Burro; Say It with Babies; Uncle Tom's Uncle; He Forgot to Remember; Never Too Old; Cow's Kimono; Mighty Like a Moose; Merry Widower; Shivering Spooks; Fourth Alarm; Bromo and Juliet; Wise Guys Prefer Brunettes; Tell 'em Nothing; Get 'em Young; On the Front Page; War Feathers; There Ain't No Santa Claus; 45 Minutes fromHollywood; Telling Whoppers; Many Scrappy Returns
Bring Home the Turkey; Are Brunettes Safe?; Duck Soup; Ten Years Old; Forgotten Sweeties; Love My Dog; Jewish Prudence; Bigger and Better Blondes; Tired Business Men; Eve's Love Letters; Don't Tell Everything; Glorious Fourth; What Women Did for Me; Olympic Games; Should Husbands Come First?; The Way of All Pants; What Every Iceman Knows; A One-Mama Man; Now I'll Tell One; Chicken Feed; Fighting Fathers; The Smile Wins
Dad's Day; Hurdy Gurdy; When Money Comes; Madame Q; Why Is a Plumber?; Thundering Toupees
Let's Do Things; The Pajama Party
On the Loose
Arabian Tights; Nature in the Wrong
The Ballad to Paducah Jail
Films as Producer (Features):
A Sailor Made Man (Newmeyer) (+ co-sc)
Grandma's Boy (Newmeyer) (+ co-sc); Dr. Jack (Newmeyer) (+ co-sc)
Safety Last (Newmeyer and Taylor) (+ co-sc); Why Worry? (Newmeyer and Taylor); The Call of the Wild (Jackman)
The King of Wild Horses (Jackman) (+ sc); Hot Water (Taylor and Newmeyer); The Battling Orioles (Wilde and Guiol) (+ sc)
Black Cyclone (Jackman) (+ sc)
Pardon Us (Parrott)
Pack Up Your Troubles (Marshall and McCarey)
Babes in Toyland (Rogers and Meins)
Vagabond Lady (Taylor); Bonnie Scotland (Horne)
The Bohemian Girl (Horne and Rogers); Kelly the Second (Meins); Mister Cinderella (Sedgwick); Our Relations (Lachman)
Way Out West (Horne)
Merrily We Live (McLeod); Swiss Miss (Blystone); Block-Heads (Blystone); There Goes My Heart (McLeod)
Topper Takes a Trip (McLeod); Zenobia (Douglas)
Of Mice and Men (Milestone); A Chump at Oxford (Goulding); Saps at Sea (Douglas); Captain Caution (Wallace)
Broadway Limited (Douglas); Tanks a Million (Guiol); All American Co-Ed (Prinz and H. Roach, Jr.); Niagara Falls (Douglas); Miss Polly (Guiol); Fiesta (Prinz); Hay Foot (Guiol); Topper Returns (Del Ruth)
Dudes Are Pretty People (H. Roach, Jr.); Brooklyn Orchid (Neumann); About Face (Neumann); Calaboose (H. Roach, Jr.); Fall In (Neumann); Flying with Music (Archainbaud); The McGuerins from Brooklyn (Neumann); Nazty Nuisance (Tryon); Prairie Chickens (H. Roach, Jr.); Taxi, Mister (Neumann); Yanks Ahoy (Neumann); The Devil with Hitler (Douglas)
The Fabulous Joe (Foster) (exec); Curley (Carr) (exec)
Here Comes Troubles (Guiol) (exec); Who Killed Doc Robbin (Carr) (exec)
One Million Years B.C. (Chaffey) (co)
Films as Producer and Director (Features):
The Devil Horse
Men of the North
Fra Diavolo (The Devil's Brother) (co-d)
General Spanky
Captain Fury; The Housekeeper's Daughter
One Million B.C. (co); Turnabout
The Crazy World of Laurel and Hardy (compilation)
By ROACH: articles—
"The Gag's the Thing," in Popular Mechanics (Chicago), May 1935.
"Living with Laughter," in Films and Filming (London), October 1964.
The Silent Picture (London), Spring 1970.
In Hollywood Speaks! An Oral History, by Mike Steen, New York, 1974.
"Golden Silents," in Time Out (London), 20 November 1991.
On ROACH: book—
Everson, William K., The Films of Hal Roach, New York, 1970.
On ROACH: articles—
Sight and Sound (London), Autumn 1964.
Rosenberg, Bernard, and Harry Silverstein, in The Real Tinsel, New York, 1970.
"Hal Roach on Laurel & Hardy," in Pratfall, no. 1, 1972.
Classic Images (Indiana, Pennsylvania), July 1983.
"Hal Roach Studios," in Pratfall, no. 2, 1985.
Bann, R.H., "Hal Roach: A Legendary Producer's Beverly Hills Estate," in Architectural Digest (Los Angeles), April 1990.
Facts on File, 5 November 1992.
Obituary in The New York Times, 3 November 1992.
Obituary in Variety (New York), 9 November 1992.
Obituary in Sight and Sound (London), February 1993.
"Hal Roach," in Films in Review (New York), September-October and November-December 1993.
Hogue, P., "Charley with a Y," in Film Comment, March/April 1995.
"10 Years Ago," in Forbes, 10 February 1997.
Hal Roach was a producer and motion picture executive best remembered for two things. First, he helped create one of the great comedy factories of all time. In the 1920s his studio launched the careers of Laurel and Hardy, and fostered the talents of Harold Lloyd, one of the serious rivals to Charlie Chaplin, and Buster Keaton. The Roach comedy factory produced many of the best-remembered short subjects of the 1930s, including the Our Gang comedies which continue to grind away on television some 60 years after their creation.
By the 1920s Hal Roach had become an established producer, and his comedies had begun to rival the then "King of Comedy," Mack Sennett. Roach smoothly survived the transition to sound, but Sennett did not. Thus, by the mid-1930s it was Roach, distributing through the then dominant major studio, MGM, who could properly be labeled the "King of Comedy." The Our Gang series, the teaming of Laurel and Hardy, and the comedies of Charlie Chase made Roach into a powerful, respected producer of comedy shorts. But Roach did not neglect the talent behind the camera. Indeed his studio helped foster the careers of George Stevens and Leo McCarey, both of whom would move on to become major directors.
The Great Depression served as the Golden Age for the Roach comedy factory. Unfortunately the studio could not develop any stars to rival "Our Gang" and Laurel and Hardy. By 1935 the Roach studio was on the decline as the major studios squeezed them out by creating more and more double features and less and less non-animated shorts subjects. In 1938 Roach sold "Our Gang" to MGM and moved on to try independent feature filmmaking with United Artists.
Roach did as well as any producer at United Artists in the late 1930s and 1940s. It was hard to lose money during the Second World War boom era. Between 1938 and 1941 Roach tendered 14 films through United Artists, including Topper Takes a Trip starring Constance Bennett and Billie Burke, Of Mice and Men starring Lon Chaney, Jr. and Burgess Meredith, and Saps at Sea starring an aging Laurel and Hardy. But a military career creating training films ended what success he had with these low-budget films.
In a less well-known, but equally important contribution, Roach pushed the film industry into the television production business. For example, he set up an early series called Screen Director's Playhouse on which such talents as Leo McCarey, John Ford, and Tay Garnett worked. Unfortunately little came of its efforts in long-term monetary gain. Thus though Fireside Theatre was turned out in quickie fashion at Roach studio for NBC in the late 1940s and early 1950s, the Roaches, Senior and Junior, could not create a permanent relationship with the network. Their greatest success came with a comedy show Roach Junior did with Gale Storm called My Little Margie which aired from 1952 to 1955 and many more years in syndication. Hal Roach, Sr. pioneered with television but not well enough to prevent his studio from going bankrupt in 1959 and providing him with an ungraceful retirement.
—Douglas Gomery
International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers Gomery, Douglas
Gomery, Douglas "Roach, Hal ." International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers. . Encyclopedia.com. 17 Jan. 2023 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
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Gomery, Douglas "Roach, Hal ." International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers. . Retrieved January 17, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/movies/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/roach-hal
views updated May 29 2018
American filmmaker Hal Roach (1892-1992) was one of the top comedy producers in the early years of Hollywood. Responsible for giving the world such comedic luminaries as Harold Lloyd, Laurel and Hardy, and the Our Gang series of short films, his impact was enormous and long-lived. Nor was it limited to movies, as Roach was pioneering in the nascent television industry as well. Intrepid Youth
Roach was born Harold Eugene Roach on January 14, 1892, in Elmira, New York. His parents were Irish immigrants. His father, Charles H., was an insurance and real estate broker, while his mother, Mabel (Bailey), ran a boardinghouse out of the family home. Young Roach was not particularly cut out for formal schooling, leading to his dismissal from "most every school in Elmira," according to the Famous People of the Finger Lakes Web site. But he did have a knack for fun, with swimming and playing football among his early passions. He also had the good fortune to witness famed magician Harry Houdini perform at Elmira's Chemung River and, perhaps more notably, cultivate a friendship with eminent author and summer resident Mark Twain. Despite such pleasant distractions, however, the small town charms of his hometown were not sufficient to hold Roach's attention for long.
Roach left school and Elmira while still a teenager. He made his way west, working in a variety of jobs, beginning with selling ice cream. Winding up in Alaska for a time, his resume expanded to include such colorful occupations as gold prospector, mule skinner, trucker, and saloon gambler. Wanderlust eventually propelled him to Seattle, Washington, and finally to Los Angeles, California, in 1912. Roach was just 20 years old then, but he had already experienced adventures of which most people only dream. And he still had 80 productive years ahead of him.
Young, barrel-chested, and possessed of genuine cowboy credentials, which is to say that he could competently ride a horse, Roach soon found work in Hollywood at Universal Pictures as a cowboy extra in silent movies for $25 a week. He struck up a friendship with another extra named Harold Lloyd. The film industry was in its infancy at the time, and the newfound pals were fascinated by the burgeoning new field. Lloyd was content enough as an actor, but Roach aspired to become a producer. Happily, Roach's coming into a small inheritance put both men on track to realize their goals.
Early Studio Years
Armed with a $3,000 legacy, Roach founded a small production company, which came to be known as the Hal Roach Studios, in 1914. Lloyd came onboard as the company's star comedian for three dollars a day, and Roach began making short films for approximately $350 each. This initial foray into the movie business, however, suffered from a lack of distributors, and Roach took a brief hiatus to work as a director at the Essanay Film Manufacturing Company. A deal with distributor the Pathe Exchange had him back on his own lot by 1916, and history was soon in the making.
Almost from the onset, Roach's studio was known as the "Lot of Fun." Performers, directors, writers, and stagehands alike were given nearly free rein to do their respective jobs. This management style resulted in a relaxed, congenial atmosphere that employees, naturally, enjoyed immensely. Not incidentally, the studio also started to earn money.
Lloyd was integral to the new studio's increasing success. Mildly popular with his derivative characters of "Willie Work" and "Lonesome Luke," his popularity skyrocketed with the introduction of his "Glasses Character" in 1917. Lloyd gave the previously untouchable Charlie Chaplin some stiff competition, and Roach's studio was established as a formidable presence in Hollywood.
As his studio prospered, Roach was able to do things he could not do before. Some were personal, such as bringing his parents out to the West Coast and putting his father to work for him. Others were business, such as building up his talent roster to include such stars as Snub Pollard, Will Rogers, and "Sunshine" Sammy Morrison. He scored another coup in 1922 when he released the first of the Our Gang series. Comedies based on the trials and triumphs of regular children, the series was hugely successful. It became one of the most enduring of all short subject series (produced by Roach from 1922 to 1938 and MGM from 1938 to 1944), and spawned an equally beloved syndicated television program called The Little Rascals. But Roach had even greater contributions to offer.
Lloyd left the Hal Roach Studios in 1924 to try his hand at setting up his own production firm. While his departure did not bring the studio to a grinding halt, it did leave Roach casting about for a new comedy star. He briefly attempted to make do with animals, but quickly returned to humankind to get audiences chuckling. The Our Gang series was still going strong, of course, and writer/director Charley Chase successfully lent his comedic acting skills to the cause, but a more general jumpstart remained just out of reach. Then inspiration struck.
In 1926 Stan Laurel was working as a comedian/ director and Oliver Hardy was a supporting actor and vaudeville comedian. Not unlike Roach, Hardy was large and full of life. Laurel, on the other hand, was small and fastidious. Both men, however, were funny, and when Roach hit upon the idea of selling them as a team, he created pure magic.
Part of what set Roach's comedies apart, especially from those of arch rival Mack Sennett, was his attention to story and character in addition to sight gags and slapstick humor. Laurel and Hardy were fine examples of that focus, managing to be distinctly human and indisputably hilarious at the same time. Their inaugural outing together, in Roach's The Battle of the Century (1927), set the world's record for custard pie throwing and became one of the most noted comedy short films of all time. Audiences adored the duo, and they were bona fide stars within the year.
The Laurel and Hardy/Roach alliance was to last until 1940, and it survived the perilous transitions from silent films to talkies, and from shorts to feature films. This was particularly significant in that it illustrated Roach's willingness to explore new technologies and keep pace with the changing times, traits not necessarily shared by other independent studio bosses. From shorts such as 1932's The Music Box, to features such as 1937's Way Out West, to their final effort together in 1940's Saps at Sea, Roach and his endearing team created a string of ageless classics still admired and enjoyed in the twenty-first century.
More Changes
Although Laurel and Hardy were the bread and butter of Roach's studio throughout the 1930s, there were other winning performers as well. Chase stayed with Roach until 1936, for instance, starring in his own series of shorts. ZaSu Pitts, Patsy Kelly, Thelma Todd, and Billy Gilbert had their own star turns at the studio, and actors including Jean Harlow, Boris Karloff, Fay Wray, and Janet Gaynor also appeared in Roach vehicles over the years.
Short films became steadily less profitable to produce during the 1930s, as double features began to take center stage. Roach's very last short was 1938's Hide and Seek, an Our Gang title produced just before he sold the series to MGM. But he had not been ignoring features. He released such popular and disparate movies as 1937's Topper (and its sequels), the 1939 drama Of Mice and Men, and 1940's One Million B.C. But the diminished output necessitated by the time demands of feature films resulted in financial strain on the studio. And World War II left its mark, as Roach received a colonel's commission and made training films for the military in other locales. His studio, dubbed "Fort Roach," was also used for such purposes, employing actors such as Ronald Reagan and Alan Ladd. After the war, though, Roach was once again looking to land on his feet.
Television and Beyond
The aftermath of World War II found Roach scrambling to regain his place in Hollywood. During his absence movie funding had become more difficult to procure, so he set his sights on a new media sensation called television. He was, characteristically, one of the first major film producers to realize the potential of that fledgling industry and, just as true to form, set about to conquer it.
Roach founded the Hal Roach Television Corporation in 1948. Together with his son, Hal Roach Jr., he embarked upon yet another adventure. Father and son produced such programs as Screen Director's Playhouse, The Stu IrwinShow, The Gale Storm Show, and My Little Margie. They also rented their facilities for the production of TV series that included The George Raft Show, Blondie, Amos 'n Andy, The Lone Ranger, Groucho Marx, The Abbott and Costello Show, Racket Squad, and The Life of Riley. For a while, it worked. By 1951 the studio was producing 1,500 hours of television programming, and four years later it had become the biggest producer of filmed television shows. The pioneering and winning streak did not go on forever, however. Roach sold his studio to his son and retired in 1955. It had descended into bankruptcy by the early 1960s, and the entire lot was torn down in 1963.
Although one might reasonably argue that Roach's heyday had passed by the 1950s, his life and times were far from finished. He remained active and productive for decades beyond his official retirement, overseeing distribution of his films, becoming a vital participant on the talk show circuit, and even producing an occasional project. He served, for example, as associate producer of 1966's One Million Years B.C., as well as executive producer of television's The Little Kidnappers and Lantern Hill (both 1990). Roach was honored with an Academy Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1983, and again by the Academy with a tribute to his work at the 1992 awards ceremony. By that time Roach had reached his one hundredth birthday, an accomplishment for which he was feted from Elmira to Los Angeles to London. Still mentally acute and physically hale as he attained the centenarian rank, his typical irreverence was also intact. Asked about his remarkable longevity by the Albany Times Union, Roach said, "I started smoking at the age of 11 and quit two years ago because of a cough. I eat anything I want, whenever I want."
Time finally caught up with Roach on November 2, 1992, when he died in Los Angeles. He was predeceased by his wives, Margaret Nichols (1940) and Lucille Prin (1981), and two of his children, Hal Jr. (1972) and Margaret (1963). What lived on was a legacy of warmth and laughter that would delight many generations to come.
Scribner Encyclopedia of American Lives, Volume 3: 1991-1993, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2001.
Albany Times Union, January 12, 1992.
Times (London, England), January 9, 1992; November 4, 1992.
"Hal Roach," Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/DisplayMain.jsp?curTime=1197402894498 (December 11, 2007).
"Hal Roach," All Movie Guide, http://wm06.allmovie.com/cg/avg.dll?p=avg&sql=2:108408∼T1 (December 3, 2007).
"Hal Roach," Film Reference, http://www.filmreference.com/Writers-and-Production-Artists-Po-Ro/Roach-Hal.html (December 3, 2007).
"Hal Roach," Internet Movie Database, http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0730018/ (December 3, 2007).
"Hal Roach," Laurel and Hardy Central, http://laurelandhardycentral.com/roach2.htm (December 3, 2007).
"Harold Eugene 'Hal' Roach, Sr. (1892-1992)," Famous People of the Finger Lakes, http://www.ilovethefingerlakes.com/history/famous-people-roach.htm (December 3, 2007).
Encyclopedia of World Biography
"Roach, Hal ." Encyclopedia of World Biography. . Encyclopedia.com. 17 Jan. 2023 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Roach, Hal ." Encyclopedia of World Biography. . Encyclopedia.com. (January 17, 2023). https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/roach-hal
"Roach, Hal ." Encyclopedia of World Biography. . Retrieved January 17, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/roach-hal
Roach, Hal (1892–1992) US film producer. He is best remembered for his silent comedy shorts. Co-founder of The Rolin Film Company in 1915, he encouraged Harold Lloyd, Laurel and Hardy, and Will Rogers. In 1984 he received an honorary Academy Award.
"Roach, Hal ." World Encyclopedia. . Encyclopedia.com. 17 Jan. 2023 <https://www.encyclopedia.com>.
"Roach, Hal ." World Encyclopedia. . Encyclopedia.com. (January 17, 2023). https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/roach-hal
"Roach, Hal ." World Encyclopedia. . Retrieved January 17, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/roach-hal
Buster Keaton , Nationality: American. Born: Joseph Francis Keaton in Piqua, Kansas, 4 October 1895. Family: Married 1) Natalie Talmadge, 1921 (divorced 1933), sons:… Edith Head , Head, Edith HEAD, Edith Costume Designer. Nationality: American. Born: Edith Claire Posener in San Bernardino, California, 28 October 1897. Education… Mickey Rooney , Rooney, Mickey Nationality: American. Born: Joe Yule Jr., in Brooklyn, New York, 23 September 1920. Education: Attended Dayton Heights and Vine Stree… Preston Sturges , STURGES, Preston Nationality: American. Born: Edmund P. Biden in Chicago, 29 August 1898; adopted by mother's second husband, Solomon Sturges. Educat… Laurel And Hardy , The first and, arguably, the best of filmdom's famous two-man comedy teams, Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy were also, along with Charlie Chaplin, the o… Victor Young , Young, Victor Composer and Arranger. Nationality: American. Born: Chicago, Illinois, 8 August 1900. Education: Studied the violin from age 6; studied…
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Photographer Eric Fischer is doing some pretty darn cool data visualization in his set, The Geotaggers' World Atlas. Using geo-tagging tools, his imagination and some fancy Perl scripts, Eric is plotting Flickr photos on a map and highlighting 50 major cities in a vector view. Shown above are New York, San Francisco and Hong Kong. The different colors represent different modes of transportation: Black is walking (less than 7mph), Red is bicycling or equivalent speed (less than 19mph), Blue is motor vehicles on normal roads (less than 43mph); Green is freeways or rapid transit. Lines never looked so cool.
Larissa Zimberoff is a freelance writer based in New York. Her work has appeared in the Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Salon, Millions, NY Observer, Huffington Post and more.


The English Blog tops language blog list!
They're now asking people to vote for their favourite blogs. So if you enjoy reading The English Blog, head on over to the polling page and vote for us! And why not check out some of the other blogs on the list while you're at it?


"Geysers." Earth, Volcanoes, Q-files Encyclopedia, 12 Aug. 2016.
Earth, Volcanoes, s.v. "Geysers," accessed April 21, 2019.
Rainwater may trickle down through cracks in rocks to deeper layers—on average, 2000 metres (6500 feet)—where it is heated by magma that has seeped into the Earth's crust from the mantle below. The water comes blasting back out, usually at predictable time intervals, as a fountain of steam, spray and hot water known as a geyser. A geyser can shoot up to 30 metres (100 feet) into the air. Wherever geysers are found—most commonly in the Yellowstone National Park (Wyoming, USA), Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian Far East), Chile, Iceland and New Zealand—there are also hot springs, pools of boiling mud and fumaroles, holes through which steam and other gases burst out.
Cross-section through a volcanic caldera, showing magma pooling just below the Earth's surface and fissures in the rocks. Geysers, fumaroles and mud pots form in these conditions.
Geysers are caused by water gradually seeping down through the ground until it meets rock heated by magma. This heating is sometimes called geothermal energy: heat energy created by the Earth itself. The heated water then rises back towards the surface through narrow tubes found in porous and fractured rocks.
Under great pressure from the weight of cooler water above, the water becomes superheated—that is, it remains liquid at temperatures well above the normal boiling point (100°C or 212°F at sea level). When the pressure is finally released (or the water becomes hot enough), the superheated water explodes into steam. The resulting froth of rapidly expanding steam and hot water then shoots out of the narrow geyser vent. The eruption continues until all the water is forced out of the ground, or until the temperature inside the geyser drops below boiling point once more.
Geysers are rare features. They occur only where there is a coincidence of unusual conditions: surface water, a source of intense heat and an underground system of fissures and chambers.


Hayden and Sara have no doubt made some outrageous claims during their time on this season of The Block, most recently being that the threat of divorce after a recent argument on the show, but the latest one takes the cake.
Hayden Vale jokingly claimed on Instagram that our very own shock-jock Kyle Sandilands had purchased the apartment he and wife Sara are currently renovating on the reality show for a whopping $3 million.
After reading the headline in the news this morning that Kyle had apparently purchased a slice of The Gatwick Hotel down in Melbourne, Jackie decided to bring up the gossip with Kyle on air during her O News segment to see if there was actually any truth to it.
"There's a story involving you Kyle doing the rounds, this is quite interesting," began Jackie before explaining the rumour.
Okay let us just stop right there for a second. Anything involving the explosive Nasser and the words "online exchange" can't be good…And yep as you guessed it, Nasser ended up in a bit of a tiff with the equally explosive Hayden and Sara.
In his post, Nasser put up a picture of himself wearing a fluro vest and hard hat that said 'The Block' with the caption, "Nasser is heading to The Gatwick for an extra special cameo! See you soon." He then tagged Sara and The Block in the post.
Instead of biting back Nasser has since disabled comments on the post but the real question left on everyone's lips is, has Kyle really purchased himself the apartment?
"Now everyone's running the story that you bought his apartment," continued Jackie this morning.
Of course most Block-heads would know that the auctions are done live and with the show not rapping up until October it's not really possible for one of them to have already sold.
But if you're wondering if Kyle will actually consider snapping up the lux apartment at the historic Gatwick Hotel when the time comes, you're deeply mistaken.
"In the junkie capitol of Melbourne…No thanks!," said Kyle referring to the location of the apartments. "An apartment? No….It's Melbourne, it's not as good as here.
So sorry to the current couples on the Block, looks like you definitely haven't secured a buyer in Kyle Sandilands. Maybe if you do the next one in Sydney you might have a bit more!


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Interview with Adam Rippon of Muteki. Crossbuy, dev history and more!
Quite a while ago, I had a mini talk with Adam Rippon, the mind behind the fun Dragon Fantasy series. Shortly after the launch of the sequel, The Black Tome of Ice, I decided to ask him more questions for a full, in-depth interview. Here they are! My questions are in blue while his is in orange.
Q1: What inspired you to remake the original Dragon Fantasy Games from iOS for newer systems? Was it a decision from Choice Provisions or was it something you guys were hoping for a while now?
A1: I love iOS and mobile gaming's potential more than I love mobile gaming's reality – I think you can make amazing games for mobile, but the sad reality is that it is very, very hard to sell mobile games for actual money. I've had people actually suggest that I make a free-to-play JRPG where you can pay $0.99 to level up, and that idea is just so very gross to me! So my strategy for the last few years has been to make games that work well on mobile, console, and PC. I figure if I can make a game that does reasonably well on console and PC, I don't have to worry about if it's a financial success on mobile. But then I'm at least supplying the mobile world with games that support cool things like MFi game controllers and dual screen emulation in portrait mode and what not, even if I don't actually make any money off them.
Q2: What was the reasoning behind having the remakes of DFI and DFII launch separately from each other, instead of releasing them both when they were both done?
A2: I don't have the luxury of being able to coordinate releases like that – the actual process of console releases is almost as time consuming as actually making the games in the first place. It took an entire year to get The Black Tome of Ice through Nintendo's certification process because of the number of people involved between me and Nintendo who all had too many things to do at once. The reality in that situation ends up being that you pretty much have to release games when you can, because if you sit on them to do a simultaneous launch you just end up never shipping anything.
Q3: With both DF games now remade in a way that you guys are satisfied with, what do you think of the original titles for folks interested in trying them out? Are they still an interesting experiment to compare with, or something best left forgotten?
A3: I have kind of wanted to see the original 1.0 version of Dragon Fantasy again, before the second chapter was added, but for the most part the first game's additions are almost entirely able to be disabled. So you've basically already got that, minus a few minor UI redesigns and tile set changes. As for The Black Tome of Ice, almost all of the changes were additions and bug fixes, so I think there's no reason to look at the original, other than maybe to laugh at some of the terrifyingly awful bugs that gave me nightmares for a year!
Q4: The First Dragon Fantasy title supported Crossbuy on Nintendo Systems. Was there a technical issue on why it's not supported for the sequel?
A4: I love the idea of crossbuy and I would always prefer to do things that way, but the way it works on Nintendo systems just didn't work well for us. On Sony platforms, crossbuy means that if a user buys it on one system, they get it added to their account on the other system. But on Nintendo platforms, they give you a free download code for the other system. People just ended up giving those codes to friends, which meant nearly half the people who got the game didn't have to pay for it. It wasn't the end of the world, and our sales numbers for the first game were reasonably okay, but it just wasn't something I wanted to do again. I love crossbuy, but I just have a hard time justifying it when it's not actually used for the intended purpose.
Q5: Do you feel like the Dragon Fantasy games have reached the vision you guys had for them since the beginning, or do you think there could still be more improvements? If you feel that the games are complete, what's next for Muteki corporation?
A5: Yuji Horii, the creator of Dragon Quest, told me when I was working on Dragon Fantasy that he dislikes playing his own games because he can only see their flaws. He was absolutely right. Neither Dragon Fantasy game is perfect by any means, but when I go back to them I see plenty of things I would change if I had the opportunity. But I feel now like they're both done. If I went back and added anything else it would be another chapter in The Volumes of Westeria, but I don't think I'd do that unless it came to yet another new platform. I like to make sure there's something new in every new release. But barring that, we're finally starting to think about the next game at Muteki. It will probably be a strategy game, since I'm a little burned out on JRPGs right now. We've tossed the idea of Dragon Fantasy Tactics around quite a bit, who knows!
Q6: And last but not least, would you guys be willing to drop any vague hints towards the location of the Developer's room for our readers? On Steam nobody has found it yet! (Editor note: This was asked in early june, when it actually was the case. Now it's likely someone has found the rooms.)
A6: For reals? Wow, there's actually two of them! The developer's room is hidden in a town with only one living inhabitant. The other one, the publisher's room… honestly, I can't remember where it is right now! I think it's somewhere attached to Atticus' lair, which almost no one has found either! If you find it, remind me where it is on twitter 🙂
I would like to thank Adam for taking his time to answer my questions and also for being patient with me getting the review done during this busy time of year! Hopefully you all learned something interesting about the game or the future, and check out my reviews for Dragon Fantasy 1 and 2 if you haven't already!
Dragon Fantasy Review
Dragon Fantasy II Review
TheDreamingHawk July 18, 2016
6 thoughts on "Interview with Adam Rippon of Muteki. Crossbuy, dev history and more!"
Pingback: Dragon Fantasy: The Black Tome of Ice (Wii U/3DS eShop)- Review – Seafoam Gaming
Pingback: Il cross-buy su console Nintendo crea problemi agli sviluppatori - NintendOn
Pingback: Indie dev touches on the limitations of Nintendo's Cross-Buy system - UnrivaledGamer - Video Games & Consoles for Sale
avengah says:
What about the OlliOlli method of crossbuy? That's better. It doesn't involve a code; you buy it on one system and the other system automatically offers you a 100% discount.
TheDreamingHawk says:
Apparently the Developer couldn't get that done for the DF titles. I wouldn't be surprised if that method was an invite only deal.
Pingback: Muteki Corporation explica por qué el cross-buy de Nintendo no es bueno - El Botón Select - Noticias diferentes para jugadores diferentes El Botón Select – Noticias diferentes para jugadores diferentes
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