text:
Q: List of different types based on the same interface C# problem I would like to create a interface that I can use with different types. Like a table where columns may be of different types eg Integer, String, Date.
The following articles have been of great help.
ListBox, list of different objects implementing the same interface
List of two different Types in C#
The problem I have is that the i still need a common interface that can handle different types of data. How can I get around this?
Could I just have the main Interface store as a string and have all types converted to and from?
interface IMytype
{
    string Item { get; set; }
}

class Myint : IMember
{
    public int Item {
                 get; // code here  IMytype.Item (get) then convert to int
                 set; //  code here to convert to string then IMytype.Item (set)
                }
}

Example
IMytype testint = new MyInt();

testint.Item = 10;

List<IMytype> testlist = new List<IMytype>();

testlist.add(testint);

Am I on the right track?

A: An interface is a contract that states what behaviour that class will provide. It does should not specify what data the class will hold.
You wish to build up a list of objects that conform to a particular contract - you want them all to behave in a particular way. You are getting confused by the fact that these classes will all have a different internal representation - some represent ints, others may represent floats etc..
You need to step back, and decide what shared behaviour you want these classes to implement. This will form the basis of your interface.
So you want to be able to get a String representation of the data. This is one method for your interface.
You want the class to be able to receive a string and convert that to its internal type? Theres another method.
Do these types need to Wangle a Flux Capacitor?
There's your interface.
interface IMytype
{
    string GetStringValue ();
    void ReadString ( string value);
    bool WangleFluxCapacitor();
}

Think about the shared behaviour first.


text:
R&R Ice Cream 9M sales, profits rise
R&R Ice Cream, the UK-based ice cream maker, has reported higher sales and earnings for the first nine months of the year, helped by last year's acquisition of Australia's Peters Food Group.
Dean Best
R&R Ice Cream, the UK-based ice cream maker, has reported higher sales and earnings for the first nine months of the year, helped by last year's acquisition of Australia's Peters Food Group.
The company, which manufactures branded and private-label ice cream, posted a 17.3% rise in revenue to EUR784.4m (US$829.6m) for the period to the end of September. R&R said it had also seen a benefit from exchange rates, with a chunk of the business reporting sales in sterling. Sales excluding the impact of sterling were up 13.8%.
The increase in sales led to a 45.1% jump in profit from operating activities of EUR112.7m.
A near-30% fall in finance expenses led R&R to book a profit of EUR48.5m, compared to a loss of EUR13.6m in the corresponding period a year earlier.
R&R said Peters is "a predominantly branded business", which, despite needing higher marketing support, has helped boost the company's profitability.
The group reported a mixed performance in Europe. Sales in the UK fell due to "poor weather" this summer. In Germany, sales were also down due to contract renewals earlier in the year and a slow start to 2015 more broadly in the country. R&R said it had seen some improvement in the third quarter.
Sales in France rose due to what the company called "a buoyant market over July" and "a marked increase" in its branded business.
In Italy, sales were higher year-on-year thanks to growth from the company's branded and private-label businesses.
In Poland, R&R said its own-label sales were down but there was growth in the branded side of its business thanks to products the company makes under licence from Mondelez International.
Last month, R&R confirmed it was in talks over a possible international frozen food and ice cream venture with another licence partner, Nestle.
The companies have been looking at a transaction that would see R&R combine its business with Nestle's operations in Europe, Egypt, the Philippines, Brazil and Argentina, as well as the bulk of the food giant's frozen food operations in Europe.
The 50/50 venture would not include all of Nestle's ice cream businesses. The US, for example, is not part of the talks. Nestle also said its European frozen pizza unit would not be part of the venture.
An experienced editor, Dean has reported on the international food and beverage industries for 19 years. He became editor of Just Food in 2007 and Just Drinks in 2022.
Opportunities in the Global Ice Cream Sector: Analysis of opportunities offered by high growth economies
Opportunities in the Asia-Pacific Ice Cream Sector: Analysis of Opportunities Offered by High Growth Economies
Opportunities in the Asia-Pacific Ice Cream Sector: Analysis of opportunities offered by high-growth economies
Opportunities in the Americas Ice Cream sector: Analysis of Opportunities Offered by High-Growth Economies
Peters Food Group Pty Ltd
Ramp Corporation
Nestle UK Ltd
Peters & Co Ltd
Mondelez International Inc

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tax code talk not happening
Who wouldn't want a simpler tax code? Who wouldn't want to do away with 6 billion hours Americans spend preparing their income taxes every year, or the $168 billion they pay people to help them? Except for the tax professionals and software makers who rake in that $168 billion, this is a no-brainer. Calling for a simpler tax code is one of the surest-fire applause lines in American politics.
Sure fire, that is, until someone actually puts a credible plan on the table. Then what happens is like the cliché about why Congress can't balance the budget: Everybody wants to go to heaven, but nobody wants to do what it takes to get there. Any serious tax or budget plan requires hard trade-offs, and it's so much easier to be for the idea of simpler taxes than do what it takes to make that happen.
Even before Rep. Dave Camp, R-Mich., formally proposed his tax overhaul plan on Wednesday, Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky said there really was no point, because the Senate wouldn't get around to tax reform this election year. The Republicans don't run the Senate, but when the leading Senate Republican pre-emptively dismisses a Republican tax plan, unenthusiastic Democrats don't even have to bother getting their knives out.
An even unkinder cut came after Camp, chairman of the House's tax-writing Ways and Means Committee, unveiled his plan. Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, joined McConnell to put the proposal in intensive care. "Blah, blah, blah, blah," Boehner said dismissively when reporters asked about some of the plan's difficult choices. "Listen, there's a conversation that needs to begin. This is the beginning of the conversation." Well, did Republicans support Camp's proposal? "You're getting a little bit ahead of yourself," Boehner said. Translation: Don't hold your breath.
What you'd really like to hear from politicians with a sincere interest in making life better for their constituents is that the plan isn't perfect but that it's a good start and that there's no reason why something can't get done. Instead, behind the scenes, it's all about politics.
Republicans think they have a good shot at taking back the Senate this fall, so why should they cut a deal with Democrats now when they could get a better one next year? And why should anyone take tough votes on the sort of trade-offs Camp proposes — scaling back the deductions for mortgage interest and for state and local taxes, for example — in an election year?
Camp's plan, which would eliminate a slew of popular tax breaks to help finance lower overall rates, is far from perfect. It would, for example, give wealthy investors an unnecessary break by effectively cutting the rates on dividends and capital gains. But the package is a plausible and comprehensive attempt to do something Congress has talked endlessly about but never actually done in the 28 years since it last overhauled the tax code. Notably, it would get rid of the ridiculous "carried interest" deduction that can give billionaire hedge fund managers lower tax rates than their secretaries.
Camp deserves credit for doing the spade work and putting out a plan that he knew would be shelled from all directions, which is more than President Obama and top congressional Democrats have done, despite their professed support for tax simplification.
So here's a suggestion for the next time your representative or senator goes on and on about the terrible tax code and how voters deserve a simpler one — something there's sure to be a lot of before April 15. Ask them what they're doing about it, and don't accept the excuses that there just isn't time, or it's up to the leadership, or it's too complicated, or it won't happen this year. Nonsense. There's no excuse for not having a simpler code by tax time a year from now, except self-serving politics and a lack of political will.


text:
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Today in Legal Artificial Intelligence
By Mark T Greene on March 13, 2019
Posted in Artificial Intelligence
Beginning today, this blog will no longer cover cybersecurity or blockchain per se. There's just too much out there for me to do justice to AI and blockchain (including cryprocurrencies). I will continue to include news about blockchain that is directly AI-related. At the same time, I will redouble my efforts to cover access…
By Mark T Greene on January 18, 2019
Posted in Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain
Legalweek (formerly Legaltech) is just a few days away, so here's: A Beginner's Guide To The Biggest Week In Legal Technology.
"Data & Analytics: Transforming Law Firms" has just been published by ALM Intelligence and LexisNexis. Here's an executive summary and link to the report.
Here's a fresh essay
By Mark T Greene on November 10, 2018
The biggest story in AI this week is the launch in China of an AI ("Digital Human") news reader/anchor person. It's certainly not Uncle Walter, but at first glance it's pretty convincing. "The Chinese AI anchor man looks very much like the average Chinese citizen, a typical Chinese guy with that oddly intellectual look.…
By Mark T Greene on November 5, 2018
Ron Friedmann has pulled together pieces from three WSJ articles to offer a bit of a plan for improving value to clients, and hence to the law firm. His thesis combines considerations of Customer Lifetime Value (CLV), Productivity, and Big Data.
This, from Eran Kahana of Stanford Law School: Artificial Intelligence and Computational
By Mark T Greene on October 13, 2018
From Akin Gump: Policymakers Focusing in on Artificial Intelligence. "Following a series of recent events involving policymakers from Trump's Administration and Capitol Hill, artificial intelligence (AI) was the second hottest topic in D.C."
From Haynes and Boone:'s Stephanie Sivinski in Law 360: 4 Ways Advances in AI Could Challenge Patent Law
By Mark T Greene on October 5, 2018
From Goulston & Storrs' Retail Law Advisor, Jennifer Logan and Daniel E. Rottenberg penned Augmented Retail – The Use of Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Reality to Enhance the Customer Shopping Experience. The use of these technologies by Amazon, American Apparel, Ikea, Williams Sonoma and Sephora are discussed.
Standardization of legaltech, what a
By Mark T Greene on September 11, 2018
The College of Law Practice Management just announced the winners of this year's InnovAction Awards: LawGeex for its contract review automation and NetApp, Inc. for its process automation bot. Congrats to both for winning this very competitive award! (The ceremony will be at this year's Futures Conference, October 25-26 in Boston.)
By Mark T Greene on August 24, 2018
From Hausfeld LLP (Anna Morfey and Amandine Gueret): Resale Price Maintenance and Artificial Intelligence: A First Glimpse into Growing Challenges for EU Competition Law. (This is a deep dive.)
This surprised me. I post a lot about Silicon Valley, Shanghai, London, etc. as AI hubs. Turns out NYC is doing pretty
By Mark T Greene on July 13, 2018
The big news yesterday was Thomson Reuters' launch of "…Westlaw Edge, an updated, artificial intelligence-assisted legal research platform. The updates include new warnings for invalid or questionable law, litigation analytics, a tool to analyze statutory changes and an improved AI-enhanced search called WestSearch Plus." Here's their video promo piece, and here the press release. Kudos
By Mark T Greene on April 11, 2018
Better, faster, cheaper: from Artificial Lawyer, "The UK's Serious Fraud Office (SFO) has announced a partnership with US-based legal data company, OpenText, to make use of its Axcelerate AI-driven doc review tool.The SFO said in a statement that 'by automating document analysis, AI technology allows the SFO to investigate more quickly,
As a consultant, Mark pioneered professional service firms' use of market research, process improvement, and competitive intelligence to make smart business decisions. As a CMO/Marketing Director he was instrumental in shaping strategic direction and branding for O'Melveny & Meyers, Nixon Peabody, Waller, and Lewis Roca Rothgerber Christie. One of the first recipients of the Legal Marketing Association's lifetime achievement award, Mark's many other honors include:
Trustee and President-Elect of the College of Law Practice Management
Included on inaugural list of the National Law Journal's "Business of Law Trailblazers & Pioneers"
Advisory Board of "Attorney at Work"
2014 winner of Nashville Business Journal's "CMOs of the Year" award
GE-trained Six Sigma Black Belt and Champion
Distinguished Graduate Alumni of the University of North Carolina (Go Heels!)
Master Level Competitive Intelligence Professional (Academy of Competitive Intelligence)
Adjunct professor and lecturer at several universities
Mark is a frequent speaker and writer on artificial intelligence, market research, competitive intelligence, branding, and business strategy. Outside the business world, he is active on behalf of environmental organizations, a Master SCUBA Diver, avid cyclist, Boy Scout leader, and proud father of two Eagle Scouts.
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This sand timer is made of aluminum with an antique finish. The timers run for approximately one minute. The time may not be exact. The timer is about 3.5" tall and 1.25" wide, at the base.
These sand timers make great display pieces.


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Having a poor credit record as a consumer does not make getting a credit any less demanding. In any case, fortunately it is conceivable to get individual loan with no credit checks, so any expectations of getting to reserves when they are most required are guaranteed. It is simply a question of getting the green light from a loan specialist by performing fullerton india online payment on time. That in itself can be another test, with conventional banks relatively sure to dismiss a candidate with an awful record as a consumer. Be that as it may, online banks are more open to this specialty of the market, and keeping in mind that missing the mark regarding ensured credit endorsement, in any event have a more noteworthy probability of allowing endorsement. There are, obviously, criteria and conditions to consider that make the entire exchange more sensible. It might appear that such individual loan are an issue for the creative ability, yet the privilege boxes should be ticked before there is any possibility of getting the credit required.
Ordinarily, when a moneylender is thinking about an advance application, they will look at the record as a consumer of the candidate in order to determine how likely he or she is to meet the reimbursement plan easily. By offering individual loans with no credit checks, the opportunity to survey the candidate in for all intents and purposes gone. With no security, the moneylender is probably going to complete two things: initially, raise the financing cost; and besides, set a really low credit restrain. Both of these moves are intended to limit the potential misfortune they may endure because of loaning without knowing the record as a consumer of the borrower. The payback for the borrower is a near ensured credit endorsement; however there stays a few criteria to meet first. However, issues before, including chapter 11 and advance defaults are overlooked, permitting the candidate an opportunity to utilize the individual advance to revamp their credit status.
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International 2023-01-24T19:24:18Z
Here are the top 19 countries that aren't safe for US citizens to travel to, according to the US State Department
Countries deemed too dangerous for travel by the State Department are known for civil unrest, terrorist activity, and kidnappings.
Travel 2023-01-04T10:31:00Z
I took a drive on one of the world's most scenic roads. Take a look at all of the most breathtaking views.
Insider's writer and her family took a road trip on Great Coast Road in the South Island of New Zealand, considered a top coastal drive in the world.
I went to a wellness glamping retreat and disconnected from technology. Here's why I would go back in a heartbeat.
I was surrounded by nature, and spent my days hiking, reading, and reflecting. I left the retreat feeling much more balanced and less stressed.
News 2022-12-24T20:49:00Z
Nearly 10,000 flights have been canceled or delayed so far this holiday weekend due to severe weather. Here are the 5 cities most plagued by delays and cancellations at the airport.
Airlines have had to cancel or delay flights as a winter storm surged across the US and plunged temperatures to below-freezing nationwide.
How Walt Disney World theme park and resort transform for Christmas
Photos show how Magic Kingdom, EPCOT, Disney's Hollywood Studios, and Disney's Animal Kingdom transform for the holiday season.
6 conspiracy theories people believe about Denver's airport, debunked
There are many conspiracy theories about the Denver International Airport in Colorado, from a cursed statue to hidden bunkers hiding lizard people.
A North Carolina woman finally became a homeowner then she found out the prior tenant was renting out the home on Airbnb
When Natalie Siburt, 26, moved into her new home in October, she was confused to see a man arrive with his luggage and ask her about checking in.
Lifestyle 2022-10-23T13:22:00Z
I'm a travel writer who's been to all 50 states. Here are the 7 I think are the most overrated.
I've been all over the United States. Here are some states that I don't think live up to all of the hype, from Arizona to Colorado.
I've lived in Alaska for 21 years. Here are 4 things tourists should skip and 5 that are worth the money.
After living in the Last Frontier for a while, I know what activities are and aren't worth your time and money, from tram rides to flightseeing tours.
I'm a disabled and chronically ill digital nomad who travels the world solo. Here's how I manage my health while living abroad.
Until 2021, Insider's writer thought her chronic health conditions meant her dream of full-time travel was impossible. Here's how she made it work.
Pilot sues Southwest Airlines and union after she says she faced retaliation when she reported her co-pilot for exposing himself and watching pornography during a flight
According to a lawsuit, Christine Janning claims the airline retaliated against her by grounding her after she reported her former co-pilot.
I'm a New York city slicker but had the time of my life at a dude ranch. It cost $5,000 per person — and I didn't ride a single horse.
Insider's writer spent a week at Flathead Lake Lodge, a dude ranch in Montana. It cost her family over $15,000 and was one of her best trips to date.
An American Airlines passenger says they booked a direct flight across the US to avoid issues with their wheelchair. They ended up stranded at an airport after employees forgot to load it onto the plane.
"I couldn't leave the airport. It was really difficult for me to get moved and go to the bathroom," Xavi Santiago, who flew from California to Florida, said.
I tried van life for the first time and quit after a year. Here are 10 mistakes I'll avoid for my next attempt.
My partner and I traveled in a camper van for a year. From buying instead of renting to not planning, here are mistakes we could've avoided.
Two families are suing the owners of a $10,000 luxury Hamptons rental home after claiming the owners prevented them from adjusting the cooling system by two degrees
In a lawsuit, Toby Cohen and Jonathan Neman claimed that their family was treated as "squatters" and forced to endure discomfort during their 14-day vacation.
I worked on cruises for 15 years and now live on a ship. Here are 7 things first-time cruisers should know before sailing.
I'm a former cruise ship director who sails full-time. Before your first cruise, avoid mistakes like not researching your cruise line or destinations.
I spent 10 days on one of Europe's biggest 'all-gay' cruises for $3,000. Here's what it was like on the ship.
I joined 4,000+ other LGBTQ people on Atlantis' Mediterranean cruise on the Royal Caribbean's Odyssey of the Seas. Here's why it was the best.
I stayed in a camper van in Hawaii for $119 a night, and it was a trip from hell in paradise filled with hidden costs and issues
In the end, my two-day rental cost more than a hotel. Here's why I don't recommend renting a van on the island.
My wife and I took a 35-hour train ride from Los Angeles to Seattle. These were the 5 best and 5 worst parts of the trip.
We rode Amtrak's Coast Starlight for 70+ hours in four days in coach. Sleeping was hard and the cafe car was OK, but the observation car was great.
I've lived in Alaska for 21 years. Here are 11 of the biggest mistakes I see first-time visitors make.
After living in the state for a long time, I've seen many first-time tourists do things they shouldn't, like feed the wildlife and skip museums.


What a moving post written by Mell, an 18 year old who just 'Came Out' with her MRKH diagnosis to her friends and family. Because of the support of BYMRKH and other women with MRKH, she created a personal donation page through our Give Rare Campaign. Mell, you are already changing lives of women with MRKH. Telling your story will give others the courage to live their lives free from shame and isolation.
My name is Mell, I am an 18 year old living in Australia with MRKH syndrome and this is my MRKH story.


With the rise of recent populist nationalisms all over the world, the varied pronationalist models of global and local political and cultural identities seem to be in an urgent state of crisis. This crisis of the larger world systems, in fact, has always been an underlying feature of the world order, one could argue that neoliberal globalization caused the rise of nationalist politics, but has only now gained some obvious traction in the popular imaginary. This course hopes to offer a complex understanding of neoliberal globalization and cosmopolitanism within the focused frame of nationalism.
We will read some insightful theoretical texts about globalization, cosmopolitanism and nationalism and then use the insights provided by these texts to read a few novels from various parts of the world. It is my hope that after this course the students will be able to better understand the terms included in the tile of this course and will be able to incorporate the theoretical knowledge gained in class to their future studies of the novel.
Huthinson and Smith. Nationalism. Oxford UP, 1994.
Buchi Emecheta. Joys of Motherhood. George Braziller, 1979.
Earl Lovelace. The Dragon Can't Dance. Longman, 1979.
Rohinton Mistry. A Fine Balance. Vintage, 2001.
Fichte: Address to the German Nation.
For all discussion leadership assignments, I will also assign one of you (in reverse alphabetical order) the role of responding to the discussion leader. It will be up to you to contact your corresponding discussion leader, get a copy of their plan/notes and then develop a response to that for presentation during class. The respondent role will be graded in a fashion similar to that of the discussion leader role.
The final term paper will be due on the last day of class. The paper should be 15-20 pages, with a clearly defined thesis and a coherent argument using one or two of the theoretical apporaches discussed in class. I would encourage you to choose your topic early and do extensive research. I will be available to assist during all stages of your research and composition process.
NAT: Introduction 3-13; The Question of . . . 15-16; Renan (17), Stalin (18), Weber (21), Deutsch (26), Geertz (29), Kedouri (49), Gellner (55, 63), Hobsbawm (76), Brass (83), Anderson (89).
NAT: Breuilly (103), Smith (113) , Huthinson (122), Robinson (214), Bhabha (306).
Discussion Leader and Respondents on Assigned Readings.


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Biting the hand that feeds? Former NSA man slams Russia's internet crackdown.
Surveillance expert Edward Snowden, the former US National Security Agency (NSA) analyst turned leaker, has spoken out about the recent spike in internet censorship across Russia and China, saying the incoming ban of VPNs and proxies is a "violation of human rights".
On Sunday 30 July, Russian president Vladimir Putin signed a law which said any technology that could be used to access blacklisted websites – including virtual private networks and online anonymisation software – will be completely outlawed from 1 November 2017.
Separate legislation will require all messaging applications in the country to be able to identify users through phone numbers after 1 January next year.
Moscow officials argued that the unprecedented move was designed to block access to illegal content and not to restrict the web for law abiding citizens.
Not everyone agreed. "Banning the 'unauthorised' use of basic internet security tools makes Russia both less safe and less free. This is a tragedy of policy," Snowden commented on 30 July, via Twitter.
The NSA whistleblower (or criminal leaker, to some) currently lives in Russia with his partner after being granted asylum in 2013.
He continued: "If the next generation is to enjoy the online liberties ours did, innocuous traffic must become truly indistinguishable from the sensitive.
"Whether enacted by China, Russia, or anyone else, we must be clear this is not a reasonable 'regulation' but a violation of human rights."
The internet clampdown has been teased for months. In late April, it emerged that Russia's media watchdog was drafting the legislation to "completely prohibit" the use of anonymising software.
Firms that fail to abide by the rules would face hefty financial penalties, reports suggested.
And it is now clear the plans were not limited to Russia, with Chinese authorities also talking up moves to bolster its Great Firewall, the state censorship apparatus. In July 2017, Bloomberg reported that access to VPNs would be banned in China from February next year.
VPNs, and web browsing software such as Tor, are able to circumvent censorship and hide identities in a way that makes it difficult for authorities to track the locations of users. In the post-Snowden world, as state-backed spying hit the public consciousness, use of such tools rocketed.
Snowden, who could risk biting the hand that feeds by criticising the Russian state, warned: "For [those] working for major firms: note well this spread in China and Russia within the same week. Don't sleep on the trend." US tech giants have, so far, complied with the bans.


With the conclusion of the 2017–18 season of the San Francisco Symphony (SFS) at the end of this month, SFS will launch almost immediately into its Summer with the Symphony concerts at the beginning of next month. While most of the concerts in this series depart from the "classical" tradition, there will be three offerings likely to appeal to those that take their listening seriously. Furthermore, as in the past, one of those offerings will be free.
The first of those offerings is the very first to be presented next month. Edwin Outwater will return to the SFS podium to present A Salute to Gershwin. The program will consist entirely of music by George Gershwin, although many of the selections were subsequently arranged by others. Pianist Andrew van Oeyen will be guest soloist in a performance of "Rhapsody in Blue," presumably using the arrangement prepared by Ferde Grofé. The other soloist will be vocalist Capathia Jenkins, who will sample Gershwin's contributions to the Great American Songbook, given "concert treatment" by a variety of arrangers. The other major orchestral work on the program will be "An American in Paris;" and the concert will begin with the overture to the musical Girl Crazy.
This concert will be given only one performance in Davies Symphony Hall, at 7:30 p.m. on Tuesday, July 3. Ticket prices range from $20 to $79. They may be purchased online through the event page for this program on the SFS Web site, by calling 415-864-6000, or by visiting the Davies Box Office, whose entrance is on the south side of Grove Street between Van Ness Avenue and Franklin Street. The Box Office is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., Monday through Friday, and from noon to 6 p.m. on Saturday. The event page also has an embedded sound file of KDFC's Rik Malone's podcast about "Rhapsody in Blue," along with sound clips of previous SFS performances the piece. Flash is required to play these sound files.
The other major concert offering will be a program entitled Decadent Romance: Rachmaninoff and Tchaikovsky. The conductor will be the 25-year-old rising talent Alexander Prior. The program will begin with the Tchaikovsky portion, the Opus 35 violin concerto in D major. The soloist will be another young talent, William Hagen. The second half of the program will then be devoted to Sergei Rachmaninoff's Opus 27 (second) symphony in E minor.
This concert will be given two performances in Davies, both at 7:30 p.m. on Friday, July 13, and Saturday, July 14. Ticket prices range from $50 to $165. They may be purchased online through the event page. That event page also has an embedded sound file of previous SFS performances of the Rachmaninoff symphony.
That leaves the free event, which is the annual SFS appearance at the Stern Grove Festival. This year the conductor will be Jayce Ogren; and the concerto soloist will be Adam Golka, playing Ludwig van Beethoven's Opus 58 (fourth) piano concerto in G major. The program will follow the usual overture-concerto-symphony format, concluding with Jean Sibelius' Opus 43 (second) symphony in D major. The "overture" will take a somewhat imaginative approach, consisting of a "suite" of three of the Slavonic dances of Antonín Dvořák.
This concert will begin at 2 p.m. on Sunday, July 22. The entrance to Stern Grove is on the northwest corner where 19th Avenue crosses Sloat Boulevard. No tickets are required. Those planning to attend need to know that there will be no public parking area at Stern Grove for this event. Finding parking is extremely difficult, so all are encouraged to use public transportation. The 19th Avenue bus lines (23 and 28) both stop right at the entrance to Stern Grove. The K and M Muni lines stop one block to the east, where Sloat Boulevard meets St. Francis Circle; but those coming from the center of town should remember that both of these lines will be influenced by the work on the Twin Peaks Tunnel. The SFS event page for this concert has a hyperlink to the home page for the Stern Grove Festival, from which one can find further information. The event page also has sound files for both the Beethoven concerto and the Sibelius symphony.


It was the first time I met the creations of Nedill food design in person during Budapest Design Week and the experience became one of the highlights of this year's programme for me. At the upper floor of the restaurant Konyha there was a special universe awaiting the visitors where lights, sound, mapping and the hosts were supporting one certain thing: the perfect reception of taste and the whole visual experience of the exhibition. I don't know much about gastronomy so this experience was much more exciting for me as it was one step into an unknown territory where anything can really happen.
As we take a look at these special purple-green sometimes sponge-like, porous structures, we can't even imagine how all this has been created. It's no wonder, as traditional kitchen expertise has nothing to do with all this here. This is the territory of chemistry, or molecular gastronomy to be precise. In the field of food design the main role is played by visuality. According to a certain visual sensation several different mechanisms start off in our brain and these mechanisms have notable affects on our following decisions. Cooking in a way is the world of conventional physics. Designers operating on molecular gastronomy use the rules and experiences of chemistry and physics to create unusual extreme appearance for food. It's just not enough to look at these pieces of art as they have much more dimensions than one – we have to make contact!
Naturally comes the question in mind: OK, but what does all this have to do with food? If we accept the very fact that everything, all the objects around us is a result of a design process and design thinking is present in the creation of even the smallest and almost visible personal articles, we might reply with an other question: Why not have ourselves spoiled by unique visual and flavour experience while eating?


Over 78% of businesses in the United States are set up as a partnership or individual ownership. For most of these small businesses, this type of ownership can put your business and your personal liability at risk. Having suitable and sufficient small business liability insurance protects your business and you as an individual from financial ruin.
If you have signed a personal guarantee for a loan.
If you personally injure someone.
If you act in an irresponsible manner.
If you act in an illegal manner.
If you do not operate your business as a separate entity.
Business liability insurance protects your small business if there is a lawsuit for personal injury or damage to property. The insurance will cover the damages from a lawsuit and cover legal costs. There are many types of liability insurances depending on your business needs. If you have concerns on this matter seek legal advice.


Compiled by Agatha Barc, Reader Services and Instruction Librarian.
Carter, John, and Nicolas Barker. ABC for Book Collectors. New Castle: Oak Knoll Press, 2004. Print.
Gascoigne, Bamber. How to Identify Prints: A Complete Guide to Manual and Mechanical Processes from Woodcut to Ink Jet. London: Thames & Hudson, 2004. Print.
Gaskell, Philip. A New Introduction to Bibliography. New Castle: Oak Knoll Press, 1995. Print.
Greenfield, Jane. ABC of Bookbinding: A Unique Glossary with Over 700 Illustrations for Collectors & Librarians. New Castle: Oak Knoll Press, 1998. Print.
Smith, Margaret M. The Title-Page, Its Early Development, 1460–1510. London: British Library, 2000. Print.
Twyman, Michael. The British Library Guide to Printing: History and Techniques. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999. Print.
Updike, Daniel B. Printing Types: Their History, Forms, and Use. New Castle: Oak Knoll Press, 2001. Print.
Z250 .A2 U6 2001 (Stacks).


We've partnered with YOTOY this month for a super fun giveaway! The giveaway includes a soft Pigeon toy from the classic book "Don't Let the Pigeon Drive the Bus!
YOTTOY Productions, Inc. is a woman owned and operated company based in NYC. It was born in 1995 with a mission to create exceptional book character toys (that range from backpacks, tea sets etc). YOTOY is on a mission to instill a love of reading in little ones, as well as meaningful play experiences with toys based on favorite books.
Mo Willem's is one of my favorite authors and 2019 marks the 16th anniversary of this classic Don't Let the Pigeon Drive the Bus! Pre-school children and their parents will laugh out loud in this adorable picture book that perfectly describes a typical toddler tantrum.
Entering is easy! Simply login to my Instagram feed, and find the post featuring the Pigeon. Make sure that you click into the post to access information about how to enter!


University of Missouri-Kansas City is a Public, Not-for-profit institution located in Kansas City, Missouri.
All online programs at University of Missouri-Kansas City are not regionally accredited.
There were 19,796 students enrolled at University of Missouri-Kansas City in 2017.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is ranked National 230-301 by US News and World Report in their annual instititional rankings.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is a yellow ribbon school.
University of Missouri-Kansas City gives admission credit for military service.
University of Missouri-Kansas City has an organized student military support group.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is a member of Servicemembers Opportunity Colleges.
University of Missouri-Kansas City has a dual credit program.
University of Missouri-Kansas City does not have a life credit program.
University of Missouri-Kansas City has an AP credit program.
University of Missouri-Kansas City runs on the Semester system.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is not a member of the National Christian College Athletic Association.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is not a member of the National Junior College Athletic Association.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is not a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is a member of the National Athletic Association.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
University of Missouri-Kansas City is not a member of the National Small College Athletic Association.
University of Missouri-Kansas City runs track in the Western Athletic Conference.
University of Missouri-Kansas City does not have a baseball program.
University of Missouri-Kansas City plays basketball in the Western Athletic Conference.
University of Missouri-Kansas City does not have a football program.
University of Missouri-Kansas City's mission statement is available at: www.umkc.edu/chancellor/mission-vision.cfm.
The size category for University of Missouri-Kansas City is: 10,000 - 19,999.
The percentage of undergraduates formally registered as students with disabilities at University of Missouri-Kansas City is: 4%.


Patty, one of our Dental Hygienists, graduated from the Fones School of Dental Hygiene at the University of Bridgeport in 1993 and has been employed by Dr. Charney and Dr. Fratarcangeli since 2005. Patty genuinely cares about every patient she treats and feels a great sense of satisfaction when she knows her patients are comfortable and having a positive dental experience. Her hobbies include skiing, running 5K's for a great cause, and baking for her family and friends. She enjoys spending time with her husband and two children and vacationing at the Jersey shore.
Lisa came to our office having 12 years of dental experience with 7 of those years in periodontics. She graduated from her dental hygiene program in 2002 with an associates in science degree from Harcum College in Brynmawr, PA and then did her clinical training at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, PA. Lisa enjoys meeting and working with patients to achieve optimal oral health. She ensures each patient is well educated about their dental needs so they can maintain a healthy smile for years to come. Originally from Southern New Jersey, Lisa resides in Hamden with her fiance Drew, her son Andrew, and her rescue pitbull, Luna. In her spare time, she likes to stay active and fit with bootcamp classes that she takes right here in Hamden.
Melissa, our newest member of our team, graduated from the Fones School of Dental Hygiene at Bridgeport University in 2010. She comes to our office with 6 years of experience with 4 of those in periodontics. She loves to educate patients of all ages and provide a positive dental experience. In her spare time, she loves to play tennis and bake for friends and family. But her biggest joy is spending time with her daugher Ellie and her son Parker.


It all started with a little red truck.
With a single truck and a handful of linemen, Penn Line gets its start in the wake of the Great Depression building lines for the Bell Telephone Company. Grinding hard work is the order of the day as linemen dig five-foot holes and set 100-pound poles by hand.
At the start of the post-war industrial boom, Robert S. Reese, known fondly as "Pappy," becomes a partner in the young company, bringing tree trimming and right-of-way clearing to the business mix. Known for insisting that the Company achieve success through "fair dealing and good work," Reese leaves an indelible mark on the organization as its Chairman and CEO for some 30 years.
The same year, Dodge introduces its Power Wagon, a civilian version of the light cargo military trucks produced for the Army during World War II. Advertised as a "self-propelled power plant," the Power Wagon goes on to become the workhorse of the fleet and a lasting, iconic symbol of the Company's beginnings.
With chainsaws still too "newfangled" and pricey to be in wide use, crews trim trees and clear overgrown brush using cross cut saws, bucksaws and axes. The average laborer earns 77¢ an hour. Bus and train fare for traveling workers are routine entries on the Company's general ledger.
Penn Line Service is incorporated in Pennsylvania, and holds its first annual meeting of shareholders on December 4, 1953.
Penn Line rides a wave of construction created by the post-war Federal Aid Highway Act which authorizes the creation of some 41,000 miles of highways across America. The interstate boom spurs the beginning of the Company's roadside seeding operations, which ultimately grow to include other core highway activities.
Penn Line acquires Tri-County Electric Company, an inside commercial electric contractor based in Elkins, West Virginia. The operations of Olde Towne Electric of Manassas, Virginia, another contractor acquired in 1992, are later wrapped up into Tri-County.
Continuing a tradition of employee ownership that began in 1979, Penn Line officially becomes an ESOP company. The buyback of company stock takes several years, ending in 2010 when Penn Line reaches 100% employee owned status.
Penn Line acquires D. W. Miller, Inc., a pavement marker contractor located in Huntingdon Co., Pennsylvania. Pavement marker operations are run out of the Roadside, Reclamation, & Landscape operation.


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Gregorian chant is also known as plainchant or plainsong, and is a form of monophonic, unaccompanied singing, which was developed in the Catholic church, mainly during the period 800-1000. It takes its name from Pope St. Gregory the Great, who is believed to have brought it to the West based on Eastern models of Byzantine chant.
This music was traditionally sung by monks or other male clerics, and was used during religious services. It is the music of the Roman Rite of the Mass, also known as the Gregorian rite or Tridentine rite. Other rites of the mass, such as the Assyrian and the Coptic, use different melodies but share the unaccompanied and monophonic nature of the Gregorian, which allude to a common source.
Template:Listen
2 The music and its performers
3 Gregorian chant in the liturgy
Unaccompanied singing (a cappella) has entered the liturgy of the Christian church since its beginnings, and was probably inherited from Jewish customs in temple and, later, synagogue services. About the first few centuries, up until about 400, information is very scant indeed. The best we can get is information from the Old and New Testament and other ancient sources. Most of them write in a very poetic or obscure way about music, so its hard to make any sound statements about how music sounded in these first centuries.
In the next few centuries, information is still rare, so scholars are still hotly debating the period between roughly 400 and 800. It appears that in the latter part of the seventh century, a large part of the Roman Mass had been put together rather consciously in a short period of time. The music to accompany the Mass was apparently also collected in this period. Since Gregorian chant is remarkably uniform in geographically very distant regions, and this unification happened in a rather short time, most likely around 800, the bulk of evidence suggests that a major effort at making the repertory consistent happened at this time. In addition, the stylistic unity of the chant suggests that a large amount of the actual music was composed around the same time and place. Most likely--though extremely difficult to prove--much of the actual chant composition, as we know it today, took place in the Frankish domain during the Carolingian Renaissance, under the combined guidance of Charlemagne and the popes.
Detailed recent study also shows numerous survivals of earlier reportories of chant. Sometimes there are actual repertories that are still sung in a specific place (a good example is Ambrosian chant, which originated in Milan, and was preserved due to the reputation and authority of St. Ambrose who is reputed to have written many of its earliest hymns); or repertories that survived because they were in isolated locations shielded from the edicts of Rome, which was attempting to establish a consistent practice during this period (an example is the Mozarabic Rite, which survived in Spain from the time of the Visigoths, through the domination by the Moors, until about the 12th century); and in other cases older chants were incorporated into the actual Gregorian chant, and can be pieced together by careful stylistic dissection of the originals. In all likelihood, chant is at least as old as the breakup of the western Roman Empire in the 5th century, but mutated into different forms in different regions until brought together into one unified repertory under Charlemagne.
In the ninth and tenth century, the first sources with decipherable musical notation are found. Most scholars of Gregorian chant agree that the development of music notation assisted the dissemination of chant across a thousand miles of Europe; indeed it may have been impossible any other way, since there is no evidence of mutation across distance. Survivals of notated manuscripts, however, are few, and restricted to a few locations in Germany (Regensburg), Switzerland (St. Gall) and France (Laon, St Martial). Most of the Gregorian chant familiar today, at least that in the Mass, has changed little since this time.
The music and its performers
Many hear Gregorian chant and think of it as a very simplified version of modern music (partially due to the fact that it is usually accompanied surprisingly fittingly by an organ playing chord progressions popular in modern music along with the chanted melody). While it is simple in its lack of harmony, the modal system involved is quite complex, and is directly descended from the system used by the ancient Greeks.
The Gregorian system is based upon the same scale used in modern music, an 8 note scale: Do-Re-Mi-Fa-Sol-La-Ti-Do.
In most Western music since the Renaissance there are two modes: Major and minor. The Major scale is built upon the Do and the minor scale the La. The various keys that are used affect only the range of the notes, or the pitch. Essentially the scale is the same, only transposed, or moved, to a different range.
The Gregorian system uses the theoretical system of 8 modes. While some pieces fall outside these modes, most obey the theory. The actual theory behind modality is quite complicated, but essentially each mode is a unique scale system, in addition to our Major and minor scales. Chant allows only one accidental on Ti (equivalent to Bb, but the actual pitch is variable) which adds complication to the 8 modes. In this manner Plainsong is much richer than the simplified bimodal modern system, but this makes some of the sounds of Gregorian Chant unusual and even somewhat uncomfortable to ears attuned to modern scalar modes.
Unlike modern music there is no beat or regular accent to Gregorian Chant. In fact the time is free, allowing the accenting of the text, which often includes sections of unequal length and importance.
The actual pitch of the Gregorian chant is not fixed, so the piece can be sung at any range, so long as the intervals are respected.
Chant is commonly written on a staff similar to the modern 5-line-4-space staff, but the Gregorian staff has 4 lines and 3 spaces. The notes, called neumes, are somewhat similar to modern notes, but often do not include stems and can be stacked, not to create harmonic chords, but to indicate the sequence.
Traditionally chant would be sung only by men, as it was originally simply the music sung by all the clergy (all male) during the Mass and Office (prayer sessions scheduled 7 times throughout the day). As the Church expanded away from the larger cities, the number of clergy at each Church dropped and lay men started singing these parts. In Convents women were permitted to sing the Mass and Office as a function of their consecrated life, but the choir was still considered an official liturgical duty reserved to clergy, so lay women were not allowed to sing in the Gregorian Schola or chant choir.
As harmony began to develop in the middle ages and into the Renaissance younger boys and castrati would sing the high parts. As these numbers dwindled and the music became popular away from the major cities women gradually were permitted to sing the polyphonic parts.
Eventually Popes, especially Pope St. Pius X encouraged the faithful to sing the Ordinary of the Mass. Restrictions were still made for the Propers of the Mass, which are for the Tridentine Mass still customarily reserved to the clergy and lay men with the notable exception of Convents.
Gregorian chant in the liturgy
Gregorian chant, like the chants of the other rites, was later used to sing only certain parts of the liturgy. The rest of the parts are sung by the bishops, priests, and deacons with a certain default assigning of notes to words depending on their place in a sentence. The parts sung in the Gregorian chant style in the Roman Mass include:
The Introit
The Kyrie
The Gloria
The Graduale
The Credo
The Offertory
The Sanctus and Benedictus
The Agnus Dei
The Communion
The Introit, Graduale, Offertory and Communion texts are called the Propers because they are "proper" to day and season. The Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Benedictus and Agnus Dei remain unchanged, being "ordinary" parts of the Mass and thus called the Ordinary of the Mass. The most complete collection of these chants into modern times was in the publication known as the Liber Usualis (Usual Book), which contains all of the chants for the Tridentine rite.
It should be noted that the Catholic church allowed later music written by individual composers, such as Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, to replace the Gregorian chant of the Ordinary of the Mass. This is why for example a Mozart Mass would feature the Kyrie but not the Introit.
The Propers may be replaced by choral settings, as well, on certain solemn occasions. Among the most frequent to compose such polyphonic replacements for the Gregorian chant Propers was English composer William Byrd.
Even with the advent of polyphony and accompanied melody, Gregorian Chant remained the official liturgical music of the Catholic Church. Popes have enjoined the faithful to give chant the pre-eminence it deserves.
Canticum Novum, Lessons on Gregorian Chant: Notation, characteristics, rhythm, modes, the psalmody and scores at http://interletras.com/canticum/Eng/index1_Eng.html
Willi Apel, Gregorian Chant. Bloomington etc.: Indiana University Press, 1973. Fine, digestible first introduction, with an emphasis on musical analysis.
David Hiley, Western Plainchant. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Excellent encyclopedic work, good for quick reference and thorough first introduction, much broader in scope than Apel's book, but also at times less in-depth. With the largest bibliography I have ever seen...
Peter Wagner, Einführung in die Gregorianischen Melodien. Ein Handbuch der Choralwissenschaft. Three thick parts. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1911. After more than hundred years, still the classic study. Obviously dated here & there.cs:Gregoriánský chorál
de:Gregorianischer Choral es:Gregoriano eo:Gregoria ĉanto nl:Gregoriaans pl:Chorał gregoriański sv:Gregoriansk sång
Retrieved from "https://tantalum.academickids.com:443/encyclopedia/index.php/Gregorian_chant"
Categories: Roman Catholic Church art | Christian music | Musical forms | Chant | Tridentine Mass
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Arrupe Leaders Summit Engages High School Students and Faculty
Fifty-five student leaders and faculty mentors from Catholic high schools across the country converged on Los Gatos for the Ignatian Solidarity Network's Arrupe Leaders Summit from January 18-20. The summit invited emerging student leaders for social justice to spend a weekend strengthening their capacity to effect positive social change while deepening their understanding of the relationship between faith and justice emphasized in the spirituality of St. Ignatius of Loyola, founder of the Society of Jesus.
Throughout the three-day program, students explored The Student Leadership Challenge: Five Practices for Exemplary Leaders through the lens of Fr. Pedro Arrupe, S.J.'s life. Fr. Arrupe, a former Superior General of the Society of Jesus, is known for his strong leadership of the Jesuits during a tumultuous period in global history and a time of great transition for the Catholic Church and the Jesuits. In addition, the program included opportunities for faculty mentors to discuss student leadership for social justice and the Ignatian education pedagogical model.
Students and faculty from Bellarmine College Prepatory (San Jose), Jesuit High School (Sacramento), Loyola Academy (Wilmette, Ill.), Mercy High School (Burlingame), Notre Dame High School (San Jose), Regis Jesuit High School (Denver), St. Ignatius College Preparatory (San Francisco), and verbum Dei High School (Los Angeles) attended the summit.
ISN Program Director Kim Miller reflected on the program's intentions. "ISN is committed to developing emerging leaders for solidarity and justice. Fr. Arrupe provides a strong example of leadership for social justice grounded in strong Christian faith. I am excited for all the students will do with their new skills and sense of empowerment."
The summit was led by a diverse team of facilitators that began planning in the fall. The leadership team was comprised of: Adam Baber, assistant principal for curriculum and instruction at Canisius High School and doctoral candidate at Stanford University; Mark Potter, provincial assistant for social and international ministries at the California province for the Society of Jesus; and Natalie Terry, a graduate of John Carroll University and a current graduate student at the Jesuit School of Theology at Santa Clara University.
Julia Dowd, director of university ministry at the University of San Francisco, offered the closing keynote address to the group. Faculty sessions were led by Christopher Kerr, executive director of the Ignatian Solidarity Network.
The Ignatian Solidarity Network (ISN) promotes leadership and advocacy among students, alumni, and other emerging leaders from Jesuit schools, parishes, and ministries by educating its members on social justice issues, by mobilizing a national network to address those issues, and by encouraging a life-long commitment to the "service of faith and the promotion of justice." ISN is an independent 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Additional information can be found at: www.ignatiansolidarity.net
Jesuits West Prayer for July
July 3, 2019 — You are invited to use the attached prayer, St. Kateri Tekakwitha, in your personal reflections and other appropriate gatherings. Kindly share with friends.
Video Highlights of the 2019 Jesuits West Ordinations
June 25, 2019 — On June 8, 2019, Jesuits West celebrated the ordination of five Jesuits to the priesthood at Our Lady of La Vang Church in Portland, Oregon.
Jesuits West Appoints Two New Superiors for Jesuit Communities
June 24, 2019 — Fr. Scott Santarosa, SJ, Provincial of Jesuits West, has appointed Fr. Stephen Lantry, SJ, as superior of the Ravalli Jesuit Community in Missoula, Montana.
Loyola High School of Los Angeles Breaks Ground on New Xavier Center
June 17, 2019 — Loyola High School of Los Angeles, the oldest continually operated educational institution in Southern California, broke ground on June 11.
Jesuits West Celebrates Ordinations of Five New Priests
June 9, 2019 — Jesuits West is proud to announce that five Jesuits were ordained to the priesthood on June 8 at Our Lady of La Vang Church in Portland, Oregon.
Jesuits West Prayer for June
June 7, 2019 — You are invited to use the attached prayer, St. Aloysius Gonzaga, in your personal reflections and other appropriate gatherings. Kindly share with friends.
New Book Celebrates 30 Years of Homeboy Industries
May 21, 2019 — A new photo book, "Walking in Grace," by Alison Fogg Carlson, commemorates 30 years of Homeboy Industries, founded by Fr. Greg Boyle, SJ.
Jesuit Retreat Center of the Sierra
The Jesuit Retreat Center of the Sierra is an adult, youth, and family retreat center in Applegate, Placer County, California, for nonprofit groups of 20-130 (105 guests overnight; +25 additional beds in summer only).


With a rosy pink colour, this rosé shows a wonderful floral style reminiscent of early summer. Fresh and delicate, with a peach finish, it is bottled in green glass to preserve the special Pinot Meunier characteristics.
Exton Park believe, it is the first of it's kind in England and made possible because of the exciting variety of terroirs and mature vines in the vineyard.
Serve with : Mushroom dishes work well. A recent example is wild mushroom Tortellini with a wilted spinach and cream sauce.
"…lovely fruit in the mouth, with a delicate intensity. Slender ballerina frame but perfectly formed. Just dances on tiptoes, lifted, lightest feet. That lightly smoky hazelnut notes draws through to the finish. Everything about this wine is delicate and exquisite." - Janis Robinson Master Wine expert and wine journalist.


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This week: Water in Istanbul
Laurence Earle
(C) Caplio GX User Aqueduct of Valens, Istanbul
Today, Istanbul – formerly Constantinople – is Europe's largest metropolis, having grown dramatically in size since the 1970s to reach a population in excess of 17 million.
But despite the gleaming modern towers, busy expressways and seemingly endless urban sprawl, the city's long history as an imperial capital – first for the East Romans or Byzantines and, after 1453, for the Ottomans – remains evident at every turn.
For most of the past two thousand years, however, the city has had a problem. Dramatically situated astride the Bosporus waterway that divides Europe from Asia, its historic centre is surrounded by sea on three sides – making it a constant challenge down the centuries to provide enough fresh water to meet the needs of an expanding population, especially during times of threat.
From the reign of Hadrian onwards, the city's Roman rulers devised a succession of increasingly elaborate construction projects to alleviate the issue. This resulted in the building of the most extensive water supply system in the ancient world – stretching eventually 267km into the forested hills to the west, and providing drinking water to the heart of the city via a complex network of aqueducts, bridges, tunnels and reservoirs.
As visitors to the city will be aware, some parts of this unique legacy are already well-known – including such world famous sites as the landmark 4th-century Aqueduct of Valens, which carried water to the area around the Great Palace, Hippodrome, and Church of Hagia Sofia. But as we learn this week on The Past, other parts are only now being uncovered.
In the latest issue of Current World Archaeology magazine, James Crow analyses the city's complex relationship with water, and reveals some of the extraordinary discoveries made in recent years.
Elsewhere this week, we have also been delving into the archives for more about water supply systems around the world: we visited the West Country to examine Exeter's medieval aqueducts; we learned how 18th-century gardeners such as Lancelot 'Capability' Brown turned ornamental lakes into starring attractions; we travelled to the ancient city of Shivta to understand how irrigation brought life to Israel's Negev desert; and we ventured to Pasargadae to wonder at the water-filled garden palace built by the Persian king Cyrus the Great.
And finally, if all that leaves you hungry for more, don't forget to have a go at our latest Quiz, which this week is also themed around water features. Good luck, and we hope you enjoy The Past!
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Jerusalem was buzzing with activity during one of the high Jewish feast days. And now at the pool of Bethesda the controversial young rabbbi from Galilee had astounded everyone by healing a man paralyzed for thirty-eight years! But instead of rejoicing, the Jewish leaders first confronted the healed man for carrying his bed on the Sabbath—this was work, they said, and God had forbidden all work on the Sabbath—and then condemned Jesus for His "work" of healing on the Sabbath day! Chapter Five of the Gospel of John records Jesus' simple response: "My Father has been working until now, and I have been working." This response the Jews understood as nothing less than Jesus "making himself equal with God" (John 5:18).
"And you will not come to me, that you may have life. "
Surely these are some of the most tragic words ever spoken! In them Jesus plainly asserted that life was to be found in Him, and that it was to be obtained simply by coming to Him. He was not speaking of physical life or physical coming, for his hearers had already come near Him physically, but of spiritual and eternal life received by joining themselves to Him through faith. Yet His hearers refused to do the one thing necessary to have eternal life, for they refused to believe on Him. And Jesus' sober words show that He holds them—and everyone like them—fully accountable for their stubborn unwillingness to come to Him.
Some people will not come to Christ simply because they are ignorant of their need as sinners. The Pharisees of Jesus' day were classic examples of this self-ignorance. In Luke 18 Jesus boldly spoke a parable directed toward these hypocrites, who "trusted in themselves that they were righteous" (Luke 18:9). When the scribes and Pharisees murmured against Jesus for eating and drinking with tax collectors and sinners, Jesus observed, "Those who are well do not need a physician, but those who are sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners, to repentance" (Luke 5:31-32).
What was true of the Pharisees two thousand years ago is true of many today: they don't even know they are sick. They are unaware that they have any moral or spiritual disease. They don't care to go to the great Physician of their souls because they don't think there is anything wrong.
But such indifference to the real condition of your soul is inexcusable, and it is inexcusable because of the clear testimony of the Bible and of your conscience.
Open almost any book of the Bible and you will read about the sinful, fallen condition of man. From the account of Adam and Eve disobeying God, down through the entire record of man, God's Word shows we are a guilty and polluted race. But if you count yourself an exception, consider several summarizing statements by the apostle Paul, speaking on behalf of Jesus Christ and through the infallible guidance of the Holy Spirit: "In Adam all die" (1 Cor. 15:22), or Romans 5:12, "Through one man sin entered the world, and death through sin, and thus deathspread to all men, because all sinned."
We are, indeed, sinners because of this heritage. Paul describes us as "children of wrath by nature" (Eph. 2:3). David, the man after God's own heart, testifies of himself, "I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me" (Ps. 51:5). Each one of us has inherited a sin-nature, and sinning comes naturally to every one of us. We are guilty of breaking the laws of God written on our hearts and in God's Word. "All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned, every one, to his own way," declares the prophet in Isaiah 53:6. Paul asserts with final, sweeping authority, "There is none righteous, no, not one" (Rom. 3:10).
And besides the external witness of the Scriptures, there is the internal testimony of your own conscience. Conscience is active in every person, either accusing bad actions or commending those which are good (Rom. 2:15). You know that conscience takes the pleasure out of sin, and you find ways to argue it down. If conscience could speak audibly it would declare loudly how vile your heart is. It would reveal all the perverse motives and desires active in your spirit. If you would only listen to your conscience you could not be ignorant of your desperate need of Christ. You know that you are under the condemnation of God because of your sin, and liable for the full punishment of that sin. Yet you also know that you are powerless to help yourself. How many there are who ignore the testimony of the Bible and fight the witness of their own consciences! Don't congratulate yourself that you can listen unmoved to the offer of mercy from Christ, but pray instead for a sight of your desperate need and the extent of your guilt and defilement. Instead of being like the Pharisee in Luke 18, who brazenly stood in God's presence proclaiming his own goodness, may you bow like the humble tax collector and cry, "God be merciful to me, the sinner."
Christ's call to come to Him is also a command to leave your sins. "You shall call His name Jesus," said the angel to Joseph, "for He will save His people from their sins" (Matt. 1:21). He will not save them in their sins, but from their sins. "I have come to call sinners to repentance," Jesus said in Luke 5:32. The terms under which you may be wedded to Christ are terms of complete divorce from your sins. Nor can you separate repentance from faith and forgiveness. Paul affirmed the authentic Gospel message to be "repentance toward God and faith in our Lord Jesus Christ" (Acts 20:21). God exalted Jesus as Prince and Savior, Peter told the Jews in Acts 5:31, in order to "give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins."
Your problem may not be insensitivity—in fact, you may be miserably aware of your desperate need for pardon and peace. But you are not ready to leave your sins and come to Christ on His terms. This was the problem of the rich young ruler in Matthew 19. He sincerely desired eternal life, and he came to Christ looking for it. But Jesus, in His omniscient knowledge of the human heart, focused on one issue: the man's love of possessions. Jesus must be his only master: "Go, sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me." But the rich young ruler was unwilling to yield to the searching demands of Christ, and the narrative says, "he went away sorrowful."
We must not think that the issue is always a call to forsake riches, for Jesus called at least a few rich men like Matthew and Zaccheus and never made that particular demand upon them. But when He dealt with any sinner, like the woman of Samaria in John 4, He found his or her darling sin and boldly staked His claim. Jesus says to each one that eternal life is to be found in supreme attachment to Himself. "You cannot serve God and the things of this world" (Matt. 6:24). "Whoever desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me" (Mark 8:34). Do you see that impenitence before the searching demands of Christ is inexcusable? The perfectly holy Lord of glory calls you away from your sins in order to give you eternal life, and you refuse to leave them. But those sins to which you are clinging, what will they do for you in the end? "The wages of sin is death," says the apostle in Romans 6:23. Salvation through Jesus Christ is intended to deliver you from the penalty, power, practice, and one day, blessed be God, even the presence of sin. Why do you cling to those sins which will only drag you to hell?
Jesus knows how costly separation may be. He spoke of sins as dear as a right eye or a right hand. He knows that true repentance, confession and forsaking of sin may cause embarrassment, misunderstanding, financial loss, and the pain of breaking off close relationships. When He said to those Jews, "You will not come to Me," He knew that they loved to receive honor from one another (John 5:44). To follow such a despised teacher was more than their proud hearts could bear. Jesus knew their struggles but never compromised His flesh-withering demands.
Do you see that such impenitence is not only inexcusable, but also irrational? Consider all the evidence against a life given over to sin. Look closely at the scarred and twisted lives of those who resisted God's gracious call in their youth—people who are the very fulfillment of God's prophetic words in Isaiah, "The wicked are like the troubled sea, when it cannot rest, whose waters cast up mire and dirt. 'There is no peace for the wicked,' says my God" (Is. 57:20-21). "The way of transgressors is hard" (Prov. 13:15). Look at the terror-filled deathbeds of those who die in their sins. Look at the coming Day of Judgment, when the great ones of the earth will cry for mountains and rocks to fall on them, to hide them from "the wrath of the Lamb" (Rev. 6:16). Look into hell itself, as unrepenting sinners are cast into the furnace of fire: "There will be wailing and gnashing of teeth" (Matt. 13:42). "The smoke of their torment ascends forever and ever" (Rev. 14:11).
"A bleeding Savior I have viewed, And now I hate my sin."
If such meditations are not enough to turn you away from those sins which now seem so dear, it will be right in that last great day for God to say to you, "Depart from Me, you cursed" (Matt. 25:41). "Ephraim is joined to idols, let him alone" (Hosea 4:17). Do not sink down into hell, clinging to your darling sins. Come to Christ on His terms, that you may have life.
You may not be guilty of some daring, idolatrous attachment to sin. Perhaps you already have forsaken many sins, for your own good and for the sake of respectability before others. Yet there is one subtle form of sin which you have never even considered. Maybe you do not think it is very important, and certainly not very disgraceful. Perhaps you are one who does not believe Christ's promises.
But you say, "Unbelief? What kind of sin is that? And why would God hold me responsible for not believing something?" My friend, consider for a few minutes how unbelief can be one of the greatest obstacles to coming to Christ, and thereby keep you from entering heaven.
Can there be any question that the promises of Jesus Christ are clear, certain, and all-embracing? Read this sampling of His promises. Look them up in the Bible to see for yourself how absolutely free of conditions and qualifications they are.
Matthew 11:28 "Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest."
Romans 10:12 "The Lord is rich to all who call upon Him."
John 5:24 "He who hears My word and believes in Him who sent Me has everlasting life, and shall not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life."
John 6:37 "The one who comes to Me I will by no means"—under no conditions whatsoever, under no circumstances—"cast out."
God likens His work of salvation to a wedding feast and says, "All things are ready. Come to the wedding" (Matt. 22:4). God has made all the preparations, and God has done all that needs to be done. We do not need to bring anything; we only need to come.
In the light of such marvelous, unqualified promises of forgiveness and acceptance, do you see how inexcusable is the sin of unbelief? The gospel feast has been spread and God has sent His servants to say, "Come, for all things are now ready" (Luke 14:17). But you linger outside the banquet hall, lost and condemned in your unbelieving refusal to embrace the promised mercy of God. You may not be ignorant of your desperate need or impenitent for your sins, but you are unwilling to believe God's testimony concerning the sufficiency of His Son as a redeemer for sinful men—the God who spoke audibly from heaven, "This is My beloved Son; hear Him" (Mark 9:7).
There will be many surprising kinds of sinners in heaven. There will be notorious sinners like the immoral woman of Luke 7 whose reputation was known by all. There will be desperate sinners like the thief whose crimes warranted crucifixion. There will be murderers and blasphemers in heaven like Saul of Tarsus, and even some people whose hands put to death the Son of God (Acts 2:23). But there will be one type of sinner who will be conspicuously absent: there will be no unbelievers. There will be no persons in heaven who in this life were not joined by faith to Jesus Christ.
The Book of the Revelation paints many pictures of God's final judgment of mankind. Many of these images are puzzling and mysterious, but look at one very clear picture of those standing outside the gates of heaven. Revelation 21:8 says, "But the cowardly, unbelieving, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars shall have their part in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death." Those whose lives were respectable and even upright, but marked by the chronic sin of unbelief, shall take their eternal place with those whose lives were characterized by murder, lying and other grosser forms of sin.
We are tempted to view unbelief as a defect, or a sort of "vitamin deficiency" that leaves us spiritually anemic but really not so bad overall. God views unbelief in its true light. When Jesus describes the Holy Spirit's purpose in coming to convict the world of sin, here is the principal sin which He highlights: "Because they do not believe in Me" (John 16:9).
If until now you have been unbelieving, will you turn from this sin and cling by faith to Christ? Will you believe His abundant promises of salvation, pardon and rest?
Perhaps we have not yet identified your reason for waiting to come to Christ. You feel your need and you are ready to leave your sins. You are seeking to put your faith in Jesus at the right time, but you want some additional word from Him.
Your exposure to the Bible, whether through personal reading, family training, or church attendance, has taught you an important truth. You know that unless you are one of God's elect, one of God's special chosen ones, you cannot come to Christ. God must awaken a sinner to his need, God must draw him to Himself, and God must give him the gift of faith. And so, you reason, "Until I know that I am one of God's elect, it would be presumptuous for me to come to Christ."
With this conviction firmly in hand, then, you have determined that you cannot act until some additional revelation comes from Christ. You would not demand a vision or a voice in the night, of course, but you are waiting either for some special text which fixes itself on your mind, or some overwhelming sense of God's convicting presence, or some evidence of the marks of regeneration in your life. And so, you will not come to Christ because you are waiting for a message from God.
Why is it unwarranted to expect such additional revelation? The passage in John 5 gives us a compelling answer to that question. Jesus asserted that, to the Jews, the Old Testament Scriptures should be the final, convincing proof of His claims. He said in verse 39, "You search the Scriptures, for in them you think you have eternal life; and these are they which testify of Me." In verse 46 he says, "If you believed Moses, you would believe Me; for he wrote about Me." In other words, Jesus is saying, "What the Scriptures say about Me, from the earliest writings of Moses through the closing words of the last prophets, is all the warrant you need to come to Me. You should not wait for something else; these words are sufficient."
The dialogue with the rich man in hell further reinforces Jesus' teaching on the sufficiency and finality of the scriptural witness. To the rich man's plea that someone warn his brothers about the torments of hell, Abraham responds, "They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them" (Luke 16:29). The rich man, though, has a better scheme: "No, father Abraham; but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent" (v. 30). We hear the voice of Christ speaking in the final answer of Abraham: "If they do not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rise from the dead."
Are you waiting for some spectacular revelation from God before you will come to Christ? Are you ignoring the message of "Moses and the prophets" which you have in your Bible? Do you see that such waiting is inexcusable? Do not think that your attitude is humble submission before God. Your reluctance is actually a proud and arrogant demand upon God, telling Him how He ought to act. In effect you are saying with the rich man, "God, I have a better plan of salvation than your ordinary methods. I have a special way for you to call me, and I'm waiting for this special revelation." The truth is, God's plan of salvation has been presented plainly and simply to you through the witness of the Scriptures. The wedding feast of the gospel has been spread, and God invites you to have eternal life. All you need to do is come.
Is Jesus Christ calling to you? Do you see yourself, not as a special sinner, but as a needy, lost, hell-deserving sinner? Then come to Him in repentance and faith. Look upon Christ as the perfectly suitable "friend of sinners." See how His perfectly righteous life fully satisfies the requirements of divine law. Consider how His substitutionary death fully satisfies divine justice for your sins. Do not make complicated what God has made beautifully simple; just come. Come to Christ because of God's gracious directive: "This is His commandment: that we should believe on the name of His Son Jesus Christ" (1 John 3:23). Come to Christ because of God's gracious promise: "Whoever believes in Him will not perish but have everlasting life" (John 3:16). May you this day put aside any reasons that stop you. Come to Christ, that you may have life!


text:
La population estimée des Îles Turks-et-Caïcos est de  habitants en 2012.

Taux de naissances  : 	12.3 pour 1000 habitants (2006)
Taux de décès  :	2.3 pour 1000 habitants  (2006)

Sources
 https://archive.is/20121208151414/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gadm&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-204&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500 Recensement de la population en 2012

Turks-et-Caïcos

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Crewe pupils are singing sensations
YOUNGSTERS at St Mary's Catholic Primary School in Crewe have been letting their voices shine by recording their own version of a chart topping song.
Rhiannon Hilton
During the last half term, reception class and Key Stage One pupils have been learning and singing along to Gary Barlow's jubilee anthem Sing, which features the Commonwealth Band and was co-written with Andrew Lloyd Webber.
The children were so moved and inspired by it that they decided to record their own version.
They practised for three weeks and finally got together on a very wet Friday morning to record it.
About 20 adults and 240 children crammed into the school hall for the recording session.
A week later parents were then invited into the Danebank Avenue school to enjoy a live performance of the song.
A school spokesman said: "This had to be done outside on the playground as neither hall was big enough.
"Luckily the weather was kind and the sun shone all day. Many of the audience members commented on how wonderful it sounded."


It's been a while since I've seen an editorial with Sienna, until I stumbled upon this beauty from DT Magazine. It's gotta be one of her best I think. The clothes are nice enough, but I think it's the tiger that tops it off. I love big cats!
That tiger makes Sienna look fierce just by association!
It must be quite scary posing next to such a powerful animal. These shots are quite cool actually, I like the one of her walking with the tiger!
Hi there-love the last picture!! Hope you are having a lovely weekend!
Meow. I love it. She actually looks quite classy here.
I'm not usually a fan of hers, but these images are great. It's nice to see the magazine didn't try to force that boho image on her again – I'm sure she's sick of it as well by now!
Great comeback with miss Miller, I love Sienna. 🙂 i've missed you ,lady… xo!
I love her own personal style too!


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This morning I had a special treat for breakfast, chilaquiles with a side of refried beans and topped with Go Veggie parmesan and hot chocolate! My abuelita is famous for her chilaquiles but typically puts queso ranchero on top of them. Today, however, she topped them with Go Veggie's parmesan (in my opinion the best vegan parmesan) so I was able to enjoy them. As if the chilaquiles themselves weren't enough of a treat, my abuelita asked me if I wanted some hot chocolate to go with them! She made the hot chocolate (or chocolate caliente in Spanish) with unsweetened soy milk. What was different this time is that she drank the hot chocolate with non-dairy milk herself rather than making herself a glass with dairy milk. Later this week I'll be cooking a vegan version of one of her favorite dishes, enchiladas - hope she likes them!