text:
\section{outline}

\section{Introduction}
In classical physics the observation that at long times systems
thermalize led to the birth of statistical mechanics as a very
effective description of nature. However, the issue of how equilibration
and thermalization arise in isolated quantum (many-body) systems is still
highly debated~\cite{gemmer-2004,rigol-2007,popescu-2006,rigol-2008,
polkovnikov-2011,yukalov-2011,eisert-2014}. Recent years have witnessed a
resurgence of interest in this topic~\cite{rigol-2007,kollath-2007,
manmana-2007,calabrese-2007,rigol-2008,cramer-2008,barthel-2008,
cramer-2008a,kollar-2008,iucci-2009,sotiriadis-2009,roux-2009,rigol-2009,
rigol-2009a,barmettler-2009,barmettler-2010,cramer-2010,flesch-2010,
roux-2010,fioretto-2010,biroli-2010,santos-2010,banuls-2011,calabrese-2011,
gogolin-2011,rigol-2011,caneva-2011,santos-2011,cassidy-2011,essler-2012,
cazalilla-2012,mossel-2012a,rigol-2012,mossel-2012,fagotti-2013,fagotti-2013a,
collura-2013,caux-2013,mussardo-2013,kormos-2013,bertini-2014,sotiriadis-2014,essler-2014,
fagotti-2014,fagotti-2014a,wouters-2014,pozsgay-2014,eisert-2014}, due to its
relevance in cold atoms experiments~\cite{greiner-2002,kinoshita-2006,
hofferberth-2007,bloch-2008,trotzky-2012,gring-2012,cheneau-2012,
schneider-2012,kunhert-2013,langen-2013,meinert-2013,fukuhara-2013,
ronzheimer-2013,braun-2014}. One possible mechanism explaining thermalization
is the so-called eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH)~\cite{deutsch-1991,
srednicki-1994,srednicki-1996,srednicki-1999,gemmer-2004,goldstein-2006,
popescu-2006,goldstein-2010,goldstein-2010a,rigol-2008,rigol-2009,
ikeda-2011,ikeda-2013,steinigeweg-2013,beugeling-2013,zangara-2013,steinigeweg-2014,
sorg-2014,beugeling-2014,khemani-2014,kim-2014,bonnes-2014}.

The ETH can be stated as follows: In the thermodynamic limit the eigenstate
expectation value (EEV) $\widehat{\mathcal O}_{\alpha\alpha}\equiv\langle
\psi_\alpha|\widehat{\mathcal O}|\psi_\alpha\rangle$ of a typical few-body
observable $\widehat{\mathcal O}$ in an eigenstate $|\psi_\alpha\rangle$
of a many-body Hamiltonian ${\mathcal H}$ with eigenenergy $E_\alpha$
(and energy density $e_\alpha\equiv E_\alpha/L$, with $L$ being
the number of sites) is equal to the microcanonical average $\langle
\widehat{\mathcal O}\rangle$, at the mean energy density $\langle{\mathcal
H}/L\rangle=e_\alpha$, i.e.,
\begin{equation*}
\widehat{\mathcal O}_{\alpha\alpha}=\langle\widehat{\mathcal O}\rangle,\quad
\mbox{with}\,\langle \widehat{\mathcal O}\rangle\equiv{\mathcal N}^{-1}
(e_\alpha,\Delta e)\sum\limits_{\gamma : |e_\gamma-e_\alpha|<\Delta e}
\widehat{\mathcal O}_{\gamma\gamma}.
\label{can_aver}
\end{equation*}
Here $\Delta e$ is a small energy scale that can be sent to zero in the
thermodynamic limit, and ${\mathcal N}(e_\alpha,\Delta e)$ denotes the
number of energy levels $e_\gamma$ in the energy window $|e_\alpha
-e_\gamma|<\Delta e$. The underlying idea of ETH is that eigenstates with
similar energy give similar EEVs. As a consequence, the standard deviation
of the fluctuations, $\sigma(\widehat{\mathcal O})\equiv[\langle\widehat{
\mathcal O}^2\rangle-\langle\widehat{\mathcal O}\rangle^2]^{1/2}$, vanishes
in the thermodynamic limit, which implies that $\widehat{\mathcal O}_{\alpha
\alpha}$ becomes a ``smooth'' function of $e_\alpha$.

Still, two main interpretations of ETH are possible~\cite{biroli-2010}. In the
so-called {\it weak} ETH, ``rare'' (as opposed to {\it typical }~\cite{goldstein-2006,
popescu-2006,goldstein-2010,goldstein-2010a}) eigenstates $|\psi_r\rangle$,
for which $\widehat{\mathcal O}_{rr}\ne\langle\widehat{\mathcal O}\rangle$, are
allowed for any finite size. The behavior of the fluctuations reflects that the
fraction of rare eigenstates vanishes in the thermodynamic limit. Interestingly, these
rare eigenstates appear for Hamiltonians corresponding to random matrices~\cite{brandino-2012}.
On the other hand, in the {\it strong} ETH these rare eigenstates are not present, i.e., all
eigenstates are thermal. This difference is dramatically reflected in the
finite-size scaling behavior of $\sigma(\widehat{\mathcal O})$, and it is
related to the difference between integrable~\cite{caux-2011} and non integrable
models. In the latter the strong ETH holds, and it is now well established that
fluctuations decay exponentially with system size~\cite{rigol-2008,santos-2010,
rigol-2012,steinigeweg-2013,steinigeweg-2014,beugeling-2013,steinigeweg-2014,
sorg-2014,kim-2014}. Exact diagonalization studies demonstrated that for typical
observables $\sigma(\widehat{\mathcal O})\propto D^{-1/2}$~\cite{beugeling-2013},
with $D$ the dimension of the full Hilbert space. Oppositely, in integrable models
a much slower decay is expected~\cite{deutsch-1991,rigol-2008}, which is associated with the
presence of an extensive number of local conservation laws~\cite{caux-2011}.
Yet, despite integrability, numerical studies of ETH are hampered by severe
finite-size effects, and a precise finite-size scaling analysis of $\sigma(
\widehat{\mathcal O})$ is still lacking (see, however, Ref.~\onlinecite{ikeda-2013}
for a finite-size scaling study of ETH in the Lieb-Liniger model).

\begin{figure*}[t]
\includegraphics*[width=0.95\linewidth]{fig1_rdm_n2}
\caption{
 Finite-size scaling of the ETH for the two-spins reduced
 matrix $\rho_{2}$ in the $XXX$ chain. (a)-(d) Matrix
 elements $\rho_{2}[1,1],\rho_{2}[3,3]$, and $\rho_{2}[2,3]$
 plotted versus the eigenstates energy density $E/L$.
 Panels (c) and (d) plot the real and imaginary part of $\rho_{2}
 [2,3]$, respectively. Circles, squares, and crosses denote chain
 sizes $L=20,40,160$. The data correspond to $\sim 10^4$ eigenstates
 obtained from real solutions of the Bethe equations at fixed particle
 density $x\equiv M/L=1/4$, with $M$ the number of down spins
 (particles). In all panels the rhombi denote the result obtained
 from the ensemble representative state (ERS). All the matrix
 elements are well described by the ERS in the limit $L\to\infty$.
 (i) Eigenstate average $\langle\rho_{2}\rangle$ plotted versus $L^{-1/2}$.
 Different symbols correspond to different matrix elements (cf. (iii)).
 The dashed-dotted lines are the results obtained from the ERS. (ii)
 Eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of $\rho_{2}$. Histograms of
 $\rho_{2}[3,3]$ obtained from different eigenstates and $L=40,160$.
 The histogram for $L=160$ is shifted vertically for visibility.
 The dashed line is a gaussian fit. (iii) Fluctuations of $\rho_2$:
 Standard deviation $\sigma(\rho_{2})$ plotted versus $L^{-1/2}$.
 The dashed-dotted lines are linear fits. $\sigma(\rho_{2})$ is
 vanishing in the limit $L\to\infty$.
}
\label{fig1}
\end{figure*}

\section{Summary of the results}
In this work, using a numerical implementation (cf. Ref.~\onlinecite{alba-2009}
for the details) of state-of-the-art Bethe ansatz results~\cite{kitanine-1999,
kitanine-2000}, we perform a finite-size scaling analysis of the ETH in the
spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ isotropic Heisenberg ($XXX$) chain. Specifically, here we
focus on the $\ell$-spin reduced density matrix $\rho_\ell$. Given the state of
the chain $|\psi\rangle$ and a block $A$ of $\ell$ contiguous
spins, the corresponding $\rho_\ell$ is obtained  by tracing over the degrees
of freedom of the remaining spins (block $B$) in the full-system density
matrix $\rho\equiv|\psi\rangle\langle\psi|$, i.e., $\rho_\ell\equiv\textrm{
Tr}_B\rho$~\cite{amico-2008}. From $\rho_\ell$ it is straightforward to
obtain any multi-spin correlation function with support on $\ell$ contiguous
sites of the chain.

Our main result is that the weak ETH holds for all the matrix elements of
$\rho_\ell$, meaning that for the vast majority of the eigenstates (i.e.,
typical eigenstates) one has $\rho_\ell\to\langle\rho_\ell\rangle$ (with
$\langle\cdot\rangle$ denoting the microcanonical average), in the
thermodynamic limit. This scenario is made rigorous by a large scale
analysis of the eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of $\rho_\ell$.
Precisely, we numerically demonstrate that fluctuations are normally
distributed, and their standard deviation $\sigma(\rho_\ell)$ decays as
$\sigma(\rho_\ell)\propto L^{-1/2}$, for large chains.
Interestingly, the same behavior is observed in free models~\cite{biroli-2010},
and it is in sharp contrast with the exponential decay found in
non-integrable systems~\cite{beugeling-2013}. Moreover, using standard
thermodynamics Bethe ansatz (TBA) results~\cite{taka-book,yang-1969,takahashi-1971},
we provide an ensemble representative state (ERS), and the reduced density matrix
$\rho_\ell^{ERS}$ thereof. This is a good approximation for the reduced density
matrix obtained from typical mid-spectrum eigenstates of the finite chain. In
particular, one has $\rho_\ell\to\rho_\ell^{ERS}$ in the thermodynamic limit.
From $\rho_\ell$ we construct the conserved charges $I_n$ ($n\in{\mathbb
N}$) of the $XXX$ chain~\cite{grabowski-1995}. Interestingly, we numerically
observe that the EEV of the first non-trivial charge densities $I_n/L$ vanishes
for typical eigenstates. One consequence of our results is that,
despite the $XXX$ chain being integrable, the unitary dynamics ensuing from thermal-like
initial states might lead to thermal behavior at long times, in agreeement with what
has been found in Ref.~\onlinecite{santos-2012,santos-2012a}. Finally, we investigate the
entanglement entropy~\cite{amico-2008,eisert-2009,calabrese-2009,cc-rev}
$S_\ell\equiv\textrm{Tr}\rho_\ell\log\rho_\ell$ of the ERS. We provide robust
numerical evidence for the volume law scaling $S^{ERS}_\ell\propto\ell$, which
implies that typical mid-spectrum eigenstates exhibit extensive entanglement
entropy.

\section{The model and the method}
The spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ isotropic Heisenberg ($XXX$) chain is defined by the
Hamiltonian
\begin{align}
\label{xxx_ham}
{\mathcal H}\equiv J\sum\limits_{i=1}^L\left[\frac{1}{2}(S_i^+S^-_{i+1}
+S_i^{-}S_{i+1}^+)+S_i^zS_{i+1}^z\right],
\end{align}
where $S^{\pm}_i\equiv (\sigma_i^x\pm i\sigma_i^y)/2$ are the ladder
operators acting on the site $i$ of the chain, $S_i^z\equiv\sigma_i^z/2$,
and $\sigma^{x,y,z}_i$ the Pauli matrices. We set $J=1$ in~\eqref{xxx_ham}
and use periodic boundary conditions identifying sites $L+1$ and $1$.
Both the total spin $S_T^2\equiv(\sum_i \vec S_i)^2$ and the total
magnetization $S_{T}^z\equiv\sum_iS_i^z=L/2-M$, with $M$ being the
number of down spins (particles), are conserved quantities for
${\mathcal H}$. Thus its eigenstates can be labeled by $S_T^z$
(equivalently by $M$, or the particle density $x\equiv M/L$).
Here we mainly consider the situation with fixed density $x=1/4$.

In the algebraic Bethe ansatz approach~\cite{kor-book} the eigenstates
of the $XXX$ chain in the sector with given $M$ are constructed from
the so-called rapidities $\{\lambda_\alpha\}$ as $|\{\lambda_\alpha\}
\rangle\equiv\prod_{\beta=1}^MB(\lambda_\beta)|\Uparrow\rangle$.
Here $|\Uparrow\rangle\equiv|\uparrow\uparrow\cdots\uparrow\rangle$
is the ferromagnetic (``vacuum'') state, and $B(\lambda)$ a $2^L
\times 2^L$ matrix~\cite{kor-book}. The rapidities are obtained
by solving the Bethe equations
\begin{equation}
\arctan(\lambda_\alpha)=\frac{\pi}{L}J_\alpha+
\frac{1}{L}\sum\limits_{\beta\ne \alpha}\arctan\Big(\frac{
\lambda_\alpha-\lambda_\beta}{2}\Big).
\label{ba_eq}
\end{equation}
In principle, any choice of the so-called Bethe numbers $-L/2<J_\alpha
\le L/2$ ($J_\alpha\in \frac{1}{2}{\mathbb Z}$) identifies
a set of solutions of~\eqref{ba_eq}, and an eigenstate of~\eqref{xxx_ham}
thereof, with energy eigenvalue $E=\sum_{\alpha}2/(\lambda^2_\alpha
+1)$. Although, in general,  $\lambda_\alpha\in{\mathbb C}$, here we
consider only real rapidities, i.e., $\lambda_\alpha\in{\mathbb
R},\,\forall\alpha$. Moreover, we focus on the eigenstates with
maximum magnetization $S_T^z=S_T$, which implies $\lambda_\alpha<\infty
\,,\forall\alpha$~\cite{taka-book}. The corresponding Bethe numbers are
given as $-J_{\infty}\le J_\alpha\le J_{\infty}$, with $J_{\infty}=(L-1-
M)/2$~\cite{taka-book}. Finally, for each $L$ we consider $\sim 10^4$
eigenstates of~\eqref{xxx_ham}, which  are obtained by sampling uniformly
the Bethe numbers $\{J_\alpha\}$. We should mention that here we choose
$\Delta e\to\infty$, meaning  that we are considering the infinite
temperature canonical ensemble, instead of a microcanonical one. However,
we anticipate that this does not affect our results.

Formally, for any eigenstate $|\{\lambda_\alpha\}\rangle$
one can write the corresponding reduced density matrix $\rho_\ell$ as
($\langle\{\lambda_\alpha\}|\{\lambda_\alpha\}\rangle=1$)
\begin{equation}
\label{rdm_el}
\rho_{\ell}=\langle\{\lambda_\alpha\}|\prod\limits_{j=1}^\ell
\sigma_j^{\varepsilon_j}|\{\lambda_\alpha\}\rangle,
\end{equation}
where $\varepsilon_j=x,y,z,0$, and $\sigma^0\equiv{\mathbb I}$ is
the $2\times 2$ identity matrix.
Exact formulas for the multi-spin correlation functions appearing
in~\eqref{rdm_el} have been obtained recently within the algebraic
Bethe ansatz approach~\cite{kitanine-1999,kitanine-2000}. Their numerical
implementation is a challenging task (cf. Ref.~\onlinecite{alba-2009}
for details), and the computational cost for calculating a generic matrix
element of $\rho_\ell$ is roughly $\propto L^\ell$. Nonetheless, this
method allows one to effectively calculate $\rho_{\ell}$ for $\ell\lesssim
6$ and chains with $L\sim 100$. We mention that this has been used in
Ref.~\onlinecite{alba-2009} to study entanglement properties of the
excited states of the $XXZ$ chain.

\section{The fluctuations of the reduced density matrix}

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.95\columnwidth]{fig2_rdm_n2_scaling}
\caption{
 Finite-size scaling of the eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations
 of the three-spins reduced density matrix $\rho_{3}$ in the $XXX$
 chain. (a) Eigenstate average $\langle |\rho_{3}|\rangle$ of $\rho_{3}$
 plotted against $L^{-1/2}$ for chains with $L=20,40,80,160$. The
 average is over $\sim 10^4$ eigenstates in the sector with fixed
 particle density $x\equiv M/L=1/4$, $M$ being the number of down
 spins (particles). Full and empty symbols denote the diagonal
 and off-diagonal matrix elements of $\rho_3$, respectively. The
 dash-dotted lines denote $\rho_3^{ERS}$. (b) Fluctuations of
 $|\rho_{3}|$: Standard deviation $\sigma(|\rho_{3}|)$ plotted
 versus $L^{-1/2}$. The dash-dotted lines are linear fits.
 The data suggest that $\sigma(|\rho_{3}|)\to 0$ in the
 thermodynamic limit.
}
\label{fig3}
\end{figure}

Our main results are illustrated in Figure~\ref{fig1} focusing on
$\rho_2$. Figure~\ref{fig1} (a) and (b) plot its diagonal elements
$\rho_{2}[1,1]$ and $\rho_{2}[3,3]$ versus the eigenstate energy
density $E/L$. We verified that $\rho_2[2,2]$ and $\rho_2[4,4]$
exhibit  the same qualitative behavior. The only non-zero off-diagonal
element $\rho_{2}[2,3]=(\rho_{2}[2,3])^*$ is in general complex,
and its real and imaginary parts are plotted in (c) and (d),
respectively. In all panels the different symbols correspond to
the chain lengths $L=20,40,160$ at fixed particle density $x=1/4$.

In the limit $L\to\infty$ the vast majority of the eigenstates exhibit
the typical energy density $e_{typ}\equiv E_{typ}/L\approx -0.2876\cdots$
(cf. Figure~\ref{figx} for a precise analysis). This suggests, as expected,
that for large $L$ the infinite temperature canonical ensemble can be replaced
with a microcanonical one centered around $e_{typ}$. Correspondingly,
Figure~\ref{fig1} (a)-(d) demonstrate that the eigenstate-to-eigenstate
fluctuations of $\rho_{2}$ decrease upon increasing $L$, which implies that
in the thermodynamic limit typical eigenstates yield the same $\rho_{2}$,
and one has $\rho_2\to\langle\rho_2\rangle$. This allows us to conclude
that the weak ETH holds for $\rho_2$. Finally, it is interesting to observe
that, while in general $\rho_{2}[2,3]\in{\mathbb C}$, one has $\textrm{Im}(
\rho_{2}[2,3])\approx 0$ at $L\to\infty$.

All these findings can be better characterized within the TBA approach
by constructing an ensemble representative state (ERS) for the typical
eigenstates. In the TBA, instead of the eigenstates, one considers the
rapidity (particle) densities $\varrho_p(\lambda)$, whereas sums over
eigenstates are replaced by a functional integral over $\varrho_p(
\lambda)$ as~\cite{taka-book}
\begin{equation}
|\{\lambda_\alpha\}\rangle\to\varrho_p(\lambda),\quad
\sum\limits_{|\{\lambda_\alpha\}\rangle}\to\int{\mathcal D}[\varrho_p]
e^{S_{YY}[\varrho_p]}.
\label{tba}
\end{equation}
Here $\varrho_h$ denotes the ``hole'' (i.e., missing rapidities) density, and
$S_{YY}[\varrho_p]\equiv L\int d\lambda[(\varrho_p+\varrho_h)\log(\varrho_p+
\varrho_h)-\varrho_p\log\varrho_p-\varrho_h\log\varrho_h]$ is the so-called
Yang-Yang entropy. In the thermodynamic limit the integral in~\eqref{tba} is
dominated by the saddle point $\bar\varrho_p$ of $S_{YY}[\varrho_p]$. At fixed
density $x$, by imposing $\delta S_{YY}/\delta\varrho_p|_{\bar\varrho_p}=0$, one
obtains that the ratio $\bar\varrho_h/\bar\varrho_p$ does not depend on $\lambda$,
and it is given as $\bar\varrho_h/\bar\varrho_p=(1-2x)/x$. Moreover, it is
straightforward to derive from the Bethe equations that $2\pi\bar\varrho_p(
\lambda)=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}d\omega e^{-|\omega|+i\omega\lambda}/[(1-x)/x
+e^{-2|\omega|}]$. The corresponding energy density, i.e., $e_{typ}$,
is readily obtained as $e_{typ}=2\int d\lambda\bar\rho_p/(1+\lambda^2)$~\cite{taka-book}.
Notice that the peaking of the eigenstates energy density around $e_{typ}$ (cf.
Figure~\ref{fig1} (a)-(d) and Figure~\ref{figx} (a)) in the thermodynamic limit is
a consequence of $S_{YY}$ being extensive (cf.~\eqref{tba}).

For a finite chain, the condition $\bar\varrho_h/\bar\varrho_p=(1-2x)/x$ implies
that the saddle point is well approximated  by the eigenstate (ERS) corresponding
to the Bethe numbers $J_\alpha=-(1-x)/2L+1/2+(1/x-1)\alpha$, with $\alpha=0,1,\dots, M-1$.
Interestingly, this choice maximizes the ``sparseness'' of the Bethe numbers.
The matrix elements of the resulting $\rho_{2}^{ERS}$ (for a chain with $L=80$)
are reported in Figure~\ref{fig1} (a)-(d) as rhombi. For large chains one has
$\rho_{2}\to\rho_{2}^{ERS}$ for typical eigenstates, which implies $\langle
\rho_{2}\rangle\to\rho_2^{ERS}$, as shown in Figure~\ref{fig1} (i).

We now turn to discuss the fluctuations of $\rho_2$. These are illustrated in
Figure~\ref{fig1} (ii), plotting the histograms of $\rho_2[3,3]$ for $L=40$
and $L=160$  (the latter is shifted vertically for visibility). Similar results
are obtained for other matrix elements (not shown). The dashed line is a gaussian
fit, suggesting that the fluctuations are normally distributed, as for non-integrable
models~\cite{beugeling-2013}. Their amplitude vanishes upon increasing $L$, as
expected (cf. Figure~\ref{fig1} (a)-(d)). This is numerically demonstrated for all
matrix elements of $\rho_2$ in Figure~\ref{fig1} (iii), by plotting $\sigma(\rho_2)$
versus $L^{-1/2}$. Clearly, one has $\sigma(\rho_{2})\propto L^{-1/2}$ (dash-dotted
lines are linear fits).

One should remark that it is straightforward to derive that $\rho_{2}[1,1]=(1+
4G^{zz})/4$, with $G^{zz}\equiv\langle S_i^zS_{i+1}^z\rangle=-\langle {\mathcal
H}/L\rangle/3$, where in the last step the $SU(2)$ invariance of ${\mathcal H}$
was used. This suggests that the weak ETH scenario for $\rho_2$ could be a trivial
consequence of the behavior of the eigenstate energy density (cf. Figure~\ref{figx}
(a)). In order to provide a more stringent check of our result, in Figure~\ref{fig3}
we discuss $\rho_{3}$. Figure~\ref{fig3} (a) plots all non-zero elements of $\langle|
\rho_{3}|\rangle$ versus $L^{-1/2}$. Full and empty symbols denote diagonal and
off-diagonal elements, respectively. The matrix elements of $\rho_{3}^{ERS}$ are shown
as dash-dotted lines. Although finite-size effects are larger compared with
$\rho_{2}$ (cf. Figure~\ref{fig1} (i)), one has $\langle\rho_{3}\rangle\to\rho_{3}^{ERS}$
at $L\to\infty$. The eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of $\rho_{3}$ are investigated
in Figure~\ref{fig3} (b) plotting $\sigma(|\rho_{3}|)$ versus $L^{-1/2}$. Clearly,
$\sigma(|\rho_{3}|)\propto L^{-1/2}$ is vanishing in the thermodynamic limit, as for
$\rho_{2}$ (cf. Figure~\ref{fig1} (iii)). Finally, we should mention that similar
qualitative behavior is observed for $\rho_4$.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.95\columnwidth]{fig3_charges}
\caption{
 Eigenstates expectation values (EEV) of the conserved charges
 $I_n$ ($n=2,3,4$) of the $XXX$ chain. (a)-(c) Histograms of
 $I_n/L$ for several chain lengths $L=20,40,80,160$.
 Here $I_2$ and $I_3$ are the energy $E$ and the energy current
 $J_E$, respectively. For each $L$ the data are obtained
 from $\sim 10^4$ eigenstates with fixed particle density $x\equiv
 M/L=1/4$, $M$ being the number of down spins. The histograms
 for the larger chains are shifted vertically for visibility. The
 dashed lines are gaussian fits. In the limit $L\to\infty$ one has
 $I_2/L\approx -0.3$, whereas $I_3/L\approx I_4/L\approx 0$. (d)
 Rescaled fluctuations $\sigma(I_n)L^{-1/2}$ plotted versus
 $L^{-1/2}$. The dotted lines are linear fits. Notice the
 finite extrapolations in the thermodynamic limit.
}
\label{figx}
\end{figure}

\section{The conserved charges}
It is interesting to consider
the EEVs of the {\it local} conserved charges $I_n$ of the $XXX$
chain~\cite{grabowski-1995}. For each $n$, these are obtained as
particular linear combinations of the matrix elements of $\rho_n$.
Figure~\ref{figx} plots the histograms of $I_n/L$ for $n=2,3,4$,
(panels (a)-(c)) and $L=20,40,80,160$. Some of the histograms are
shifted vertically for visibility. Here $I_2\equiv{\mathcal H}$,
while $I_3$ is the energy current $I_3=J_E\equiv\sum_{\alpha\beta
\gamma}\epsilon_{\alpha\beta\gamma}\sigma^\beta_i\sigma_{i+1}^\gamma
\sigma_{i+2}^\alpha$, with $\alpha,\beta,\gamma=x,y,z$ and $\epsilon_{
\alpha\beta\gamma}$ the Levi-Civita symbol. The EEVs of $I_n/L$ are
normally distributed around the typical values $\bar I_n/L\equiv\langle
I_n/L\rangle$, as confirmed by the gaussian fits (dashed lines in the
Figure). Interestingly, while $\bar I_2/L\approx -0.2876\cdots$ (panel
(a), see also Figure~\ref{fig1}), one has $\bar I_3/L\approx
\bar I_4/L\approx 0$ (panels (b) and (c)). The fluctuations of $I_n/L$
decay as $L^{-1/2}$  in the thermodynamic limit, reflecting the behavior
of $\rho_\ell$ (cf. Figure~\ref{fig1} and~\ref{fig3}). This is verified
in Figure~\ref{figx} (d) plotting $\sigma(I_n)L^{-1/2}$ versus $L^{-1/2}$.
Clearly, $\sigma(I_n)L^{-1/2}\to const$ at $L\to\infty$ (the dotted lines
are linear fits). Physically, the behavior of $I_2$  reflects the specific
heat per site, $C_v=\beta^2/L(\langle I_2^2\rangle-\langle I_2\rangle^2)$,
being finite in the thermodynamic limit. Likewise, the result for $I_3$
is related to the finite Drude weight for the energy current~\cite{zotos-1996,
castella-1996,zotos-1997}.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[width=0.95\columnwidth]{fig4_ent}
\caption{
 Entanglement entropy of the eigenstates of the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$
 $XXX$ chain. (a) Two-spin von Neumann entropy $S_2$ plotted
 versus the eigenstates energy density $E/L$. Different
 symbols correspond to chain lengths $L=20,40,80,160$. The
 rhombus denotes $S^{ERS}_2$. (b) $S^{ERS}_\ell$ as a function
 of  $\ell=1,\dots, 5$, and for $L=80,160$. Circles and triangles
 correspond to particle densities $x\equiv M/L=1/4,1/10$,
 respectively. Here $M$ is the number of down spins (particles).
 The dashed-dotted lines are linear fits. For both $x=1/4,1/10$
 the volume law $S_\ell^{ERS}\propto\ell$ is clearly visible.
}
\label{fig4}
\end{figure}

\section{Entanglement properties}
We now turn to discuss how the scenario outlined so far is reflected
in the entanglement entropy $S_\ell$ of the eigenstates of the $XXX$
spin chain. Notice that entanglement properties of excited states
of many-body Hamiltonians have attracted increasing attention
recently~\cite{alba-2009,alcaraz-2011,pizorn-2012,berganza-2012,
wong-2013,storms-2013,berkovits-2013,essler-2013,nozaki-2014,ramirez-2014,
ares-2014,huang-2014,palmai-2014,molter-2014,lai-2014}. Figure~\ref{fig4} (a)
plots the two-spin entropy $S_2$ versus $E/L$ for different eigenstates of
the $XXX$ chain. The eigenstate-to-eigenstate fluctuations of $S_2$ decrease
upon increasing $L$, reflecting the behavior of $\rho_{2}$ (cf. Figure~\ref{fig1}).
In particular, in the thermodynamic limit one has $S_2\to S_2^{ERS}$. The scaling
behavior of $S_\ell^{ERS}$, as a function of $\ell$ is investigated in
Figure~\ref{fig4} (b) plotting $S^{ERS}_\ell$ versus $1\le\ell\le 5$ for chains
of length $L=80,160$. We restrict
ourselves to density $x=1/4$ (high density) and $x=1/10$ (low density). In both
cases Figure~\ref{fig4} (b) provides a robust evidence of the volume law
$S_\ell^{ERS}\sim\ell$ (the dash-dotted lines are linear fits). This allows
us to conclude that typical mid-spectrum eigenstates of the $XXX$ chain exhibit
extensive entanglement (see also Ref.~\onlinecite{sato-2011}), whereas other
behaviors (for instance a logarithmic one as $\propto\log(\ell)$) are associated
with rare eigenstates. Notice that this should be reflected in the extensive
behavior of the entanglement entropy after a quantum quench~\cite{fagotti-2008,
gurarie-2013,fagotti-2013a,collura-2014,kormos-2014}.

\section{Conclusions}
We performed a careful finite-size scaling analysis of the eigenstate
thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ isotropic Heisenberg
($XXX$) chain. Precisely, we focused on the $\ell$-spin reduced density matrix
$\rho_\ell$. Using a numerical implementation~\cite{alba-2009} of state-of-the-art
algebraic Bethe ansatz results~\cite{kitanine-1999,kitanine-2000}, we provided
numerical evidence that ETH holds for typical eigenstates ({\it weak} ETH
scenario). Specifically, we numerically demonstrated that the eigenstate-to-eigenstate
fluctuations of $\rho_\ell$ decay as $L^{-1/2}$ in the thermodynamic limit. This is
in contrast with the exponential decay that is observed in generic non-integrable
models~\cite{beugeling-2013}, for which the {\it strong} ETH holds. Although here we
considered one specific model, and we restricted ourselves to $\rho_\ell$, it is
natural to expect  that the same result holds in other integrable spin systems and
for generic {\it local} observables. Finally, we numerically verified that typical
mid-spectrum eigenstates of the $XXX$ chain exhibit extensive entanglement entropy.

Our results open several new possible research avenues. For instance, while here
we restricted ourselves to eigenstates obtained from real solutions of the Bethe
equations, it would be interesting to generalize our results including complex
solutions (strings)~\cite{taka-book}. Notice that for $\ell=2$ this should be
straightforward using the techniques developed in Ref.~\onlinecite{caux-2005,
caux-2005a,caux-2009}. Furthermore, it would be useful to characterize the scaling
behavior of the entanglement entropy in eigenstates away from the middle of the
energy spectrum. An intriguing direction would be to investigate the relationship
between entanglement and the spectrum of the conserved charges (other than the
Hamiltonian). In particular, it would be enlightening to study whether eigenstates
at the edges of the spectrum give non-extensive entanglement entropy. Finally, it
would interesting to extend our analysis to off-diagonal matrix elements of local
observables, which are important to understand the approach to relaxation to a
steady state after quantum quenches~\cite{khatami-2013,beugeling-2014}.

\paragraph*{Acknowledgments.---}
I would like to thank P.~Calabrese, F.~H.~L.~Essler, M.~Fagotti,
F.~Heidrich-Meisner, A.~M.~L\"auchli, and A.~Lazarides for
enlightening discussions and comments. In particular, I would like to
thank F.~H.~L.~Essler for many useful insights during the completion
of this work and P.~Calabrese and M.~Fagotti for useful comments about
the manuscript. I acknowledge financial support by the ERC under Starting
Grant 279391 EDEQS.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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We are a member of the Leading Edge Computers group, which gives us the power to offer the very best products at the very best prices. In 2010 we took out the Store of the Year award, and have been finalists in 2011,2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 with over 150 stores competing for this prestigious award we are extremely proud of this great achievement and we are very proud to be part of this innovative group.
We are also an Authorised Apple Reseller and the only Apple Authorised Service Provider in Dubbo, Orange and Bathurst making us your one stop shop for all things Apple as well as all your Microsoft Windows Computer needs.


Doom legends PENTAGRAM will be performing select shows in Texas this July. The band will be appearing in Houston on July 3rd at Fitzgerald's, July 4th in Austin at The Mohawk, and Dallas on July 5th at The Gas Monkey. For more details and to keep track of future updates, visitfacebook.com/pentagramusa.
PENTAGRAM's most recent album, Last Rites, was released via Metal Blade Records on April 14, 2011 and their first ever official DVD (also out on Metal Blade), When The Screams Come, on August 30, 2011. Both releases were met by rave reviews from fans and critics alike and saw the band playing sets at infamous SXSW festival in Austin TX as well as tours across the US and dates in Europe.


text:
Senna sophera är en ärtväxtart som först beskrevs av Carl von Linné, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av William Roxburgh. Senna sophera ingår i släktet sennor, och familjen ärtväxter.

Underarter

Arten delas in i följande underarter:

 S. s. purpurea
 S. s. sophera

Källor

Externa länkar

Sennor
sophera

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


A creamy, sweet brandy made with the Brandy Reserve Gran Duque de Alba. Suggest: two fingers on the the rocks. Delicious!
Definition: A creamy, very sweet alcoholic beverage made from the Brandy Gran Duque de Alba Gran Reserva and dairy products with a high cream content. Certified by the Regulator Council of Brandy de Jerez .
Alcohol content: 37,5 % Alc. /Vol.
Production: Following lengthy research at Williams & Humbert, they have succeeded in elaborately choosing and blending delicate, high-quality aromatic components (including cacao and vanilla) in a perfect proportion with the world-famous Brandy Gran Duque de Alba to create this Crema de Alba.
Tasting notes: White with golden hues. Creamy and sweet, the low alcohol content and balanced blend of suggestive aromas and flavours make this drink a treat for your palate and nose alike.
Suggestions for consumption: Serve on ice or very cold. A fine choice after dinner or even lunch, and a pleasure as a long drink in the afternoon or evening.


We believe brands (whether B2C or B2B) are storytellers. Compelling stories need elements such as narratives and assets (a.k.a. high-quality content). Content creates impact, but only if the impact is defined beforehand.
Valtech ideates, plans, produces, and runs content assets and campaigns to create the optimal customer journey. We think in terms of increasing traffic, leads and sales based on close collaboration with the client. Valtech usually starts with small online marketing initiatives and — based on data, results and impact — choose to grow quickly where most value is created. We create impact by delivering the right message at the right time to the right customers. We can create single campaigns or create a series of campaigns. We work flexibly in order to achieve the best ROI for our clients.
In order to successfully engage with digital consumers, effective content must appear on all devices and existing platforms. Transactions are important for any business, and engagement is how the smartest retailers get customers to buy and keep coming back. We like to work proactively and with KPIs to increase traffic, reach, views, interactions, leads, downloads and shares to make our clients more successful in branding, engagement and performance.


Domain Privacy can keep your name and address from being released to the public WHOIS database records. When you choose to add Domain Privacy to your website, Lycos (or a partner) will list itself as the owner of your domain name and act as a proxy for legitimate domain-related communication, keeping your personal information secure.
By adding Domain Privacy to your website, your personal information will not be added to the public WHOIS database.
By keeping your name and address private, you will be protected from scammers and junk mailers.


Offers insurance services which includes car insurance, home, travel, pet and other insurance services in the UK.
Provides home insurance, life insurance & bike insurance quotes for UK residents.
A UK based insurance company that offers a range of services including car, home, life, travel, and pet insurance.
A provider of niche and affinity insurance products with in the commercial, personal and travel markets.
Specializes in life insurance, pensions, investments, mortgages and savings.
Providers of personal and business insurance in the UK.
A provider of insurance broking and risk management services.
Offers insurance quotation system for buildings, contents, mortgage payment protection, and travel insurance.
An insurance market providing specialist insurance services to businesses.
Offering car, motor, home, travel, health, and life insurances.
Specializes in equine insurance, pet insurance, trailer insurance and caravan insurance.
An insurance & reinsurance broking & consultancy group including pensions, and actuarial advice.
Offers online home insurance quotes from the UK's leading insurers.
Offers buildings insurance and contents insurance.
Offers building, business, and home insurance.
Provides car insurance as well as business, van and motorhome insurance.
An insurance company covering a wide range of personal and commercial risks.
Offers car, van, and home insurance quotes.
Business insurance brokers offering commercial insurance services.
Offers a range of competitive business insurance products backed up by a personal and professional service.


Once a burned out shell, Matt and Teri Treat have restored Lynden's historic Waples Building, breathing new life into the structure while retaining its historical integrity. Photo credit: RMC Architects/ Jim Krauss.
From the luxurious comfort of a plush leather couch, positioned in front of a large gas fireplace and surrounded by the warm hues of reclaimed Douglas Fir, Matt and Teri Treat have a rare moment to look around. For the co-owners of the Inn at Lynden, it's a fleeting opportunity for the couple to acknowledge all they've accomplished restoring the 100-year-old Waples Mercantile Building on the city's Front Street, formerly the Lynden Department Store.
Matt and Teri Treat are the co-owners of the Inn at Lynden, a boutique hotel in the century-old Waples Mercantile Building.
The foursome had all the ingredients of an excellent team: A longstanding, trusting relationship coupled with the superb skill sets of each member. Jeff McClure is an architect; Deb specializes in furniture, fixtures and equipment; Matt was a claims adjuster with State Farm Insurance and had spent 21 years helping homeowners recover from fires and floods; and Teri had a 30-year track record in the hospitality industry. The project had wings from the get-go.
But a strong gut feeling on the potential success of a business won't get you financing, so hours of research followed. In the process, the Treats and McClures learned there was indeed a need for a boutique hotel in Lynden, and by adding the right retailers to the mix they could create not just rooms for rent, but an experience. The four shared a strong vision for what they would create and never wavered.
The Inn at Lynden offers its guest modern comforts in a historic shell. Photo courtesy: Diane Padys.
Fourteen months of hard labor ensued before the Inn at Lynden opened in December 2015, still under partial construction. The first folks to walk through the newly incarnated building were stunned by what they saw. The team had tried to honor the Waples' history in every way possible, and that meant retaining the historic post and beam structure, refinishing all the beams that had to be removed and reusing them, and keeping the bones of the building intact wherever possible.
"In many ways we were lucky," Teri adds. "We had the advantage of a great historic shell within which we could start from scratch, with contemporary plumbing, electricity, soundproofing, design and a stylish interior." As they chose décor and furnishings, the team tried to honor the building by selecting modern items with a historic feel.
Historic charm meets modern style at the Inn at Lynden. Photo credit: RMC Architects/ Jim Krauss.


Kumamoto is the third largest city in Kyushu with a population of 740,000.
government and economic center of the prefecture.
ornaments were destroyed, and a large number of kawara tiles also fell from the roof.
Castle can be seen from the outside of the moats surrounding the castle.
style and represents the 53 Stations of the Tokaido Road including Mt. Fuji.
Mount Aso via underground currents.
There are two lines ; A line and B line.
Most of the stops on the A line and B line are the same.
Shimo-tori Shopping Street and the Kumamoto Kotsu Centre Bus Station.


I, like many Americans, recently read that Erica Garner, the daughter of slain African American police suspect, Eric Garner, died shortly after giving birth. She named her son Eric, after her father who was killed in a street bust for selling loose cigarettes. In the aftermath of her father's death, Erica became an outspoken activist. In turn, her sudden death at the age of twenty-seven, after becoming a new mother, foregrounds the price many people of color pay for striving to survive in America.


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"On Second Thought" and Other Essays in the History of Medicine and Science
By Owsei Temkin,
Recommended by Vivian Nutton
From Vivian's list on Galen and Galenism.
This series of essays by a humane physician-historian who first attracted me to medical history examines basic ideas in medicine across centuries and cultures. Published when the author was almost a hundred, it raises important questions about medical ethics and the place of medicine in society from the Greeks onwards.
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Over the course of a career spanning most of the twentieth century, distinguished historian Owsei Temkin has argued passionately for the necessity of chronicling and analyzing the history of medicine. The essays presented in "On Second Thought" and Other Essays in the History of Medicine and Science span Dr. Temkin's career, bringing together new pieces and many previously unavailable outside the journals in which they were originally published. Here the reader will find new thoughts and ideas that deviate from Dr. Temkin's earlier beliefs and reflect a lifetime of research into the historical and ethical foundations of modern medicine. Dr.…
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By P.N. Singer,
Galen is his own best advocate and his own worst enemy. This volume includes translations of five works, including one discovered only in 2005 and another preserved largely in Arabic. It tells us much of his life in Rome, his book collecting, and his views on education and ethics.
1 author picked Galen as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.
All Galen's surviving shorter works on psychology and ethics - including the recently discovered Avoiding Distress, and the neglected Character Traits, extant only in Arabic - are here presented in one volume in a new English translation, with substantial introductions and notes and extensive glossaries. Original and penetrating analyses are provided of the psychological and philosophical thought, both of the above and of two absolutely central works of Galenic philosophy, Affections and Errors and The Capacities of the Soul, by some of the foremost experts in the field. Each treatise has also been subjected to fresh textual study, taking account…
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Hippocrates, considered for more than two thousand years the father of medicine, came over time to be credited with a life of mythic proportions and an enormous body of work. Hippocrates' pronouncements on health, disease, and prognosis went unchallenged in the Western world until scientific advances in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries made many of his ideas obsolete. And yet medical students in the United States and Europe still recite the Hippocratic oath upon completion of their studies. In view of Hippocrates' exceptional importance in the history of medicine, it may seem surprising that our knowledge of this fifth century…
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1 author picked The Map of Knowledge as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.
'A lovely debut from a gifted young author. Violet Moller brings to life the ways in which knowledge reached us from antiquity to the present day in a book that is as delightful as it is readable.' Peter Frankopan, author of The Silk Roads
In The Map of Knowledge Violet Moller traces the journey taken by the ideas of three of the greatest scientists of antiquity - Euclid, Galen and Ptolemy - through seven cities and over a thousand years. In it, we follow them from sixth-century Alexandria to ninth-century Baghdad, from Muslim Cordoba to Catholic Toledo, from Salerno's medieval…
The East–West dichotomy
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By Colleen McCullough,
Recommended by David M. Gwynn
From David's list on the fall of the Roman Republic.
Telling the story of Gaius Marius, whose remarkable career began the line of warlords who dominated the last century of the Republic, this novel is historical fiction of the highest order and is the opening book in McCullough's Masters of Rome series which runs down to the years following Caesar's murder. It is a big novel (as are the later books in the series) and McCullough is perhaps a little too sympathetic to ambitious military leaders like Marius and Caesar rather than to more introspective thinkers like Cicero. But her research is thorough, her writing is compelling, and she brings the last generations of the Republic to life in a way that few academic historians can hope to equal.
5 authors picked The First Man in Rome as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.
With extraordinary narrative power, New York Times bestselling author Colleen McCullough sweeps the reader into a whirlpool of pageantry and passion, bringing to vivid life the most glorious epoch in human history.
When the world cowered before the legions of Rome, two extraordinary men dreamed of personal glory: the military genius and wealthy rural "upstart" Marius, and Sulla, penniless and debauched but of aristocratic birth. Men of exceptional vision, courage, cunning, and ruthless ambition, separately they faced the insurmountable opposition of powerful, vindictive foes. Yet allied they could answer the treachery of rivals, lovers, enemy generals, and senatorial vipers with…
Statesmen
Roman Blood
By Steven Saylor,
Recommended by Fiona Forsyth
From Fiona's list on political shenanigans in ancient Rome.
This is the first book in Saylor's "Roma sub rosa" series, and introduces one of the nicest heroes in historical mystery! Gordianus the Finder is the Roman equivalent of our private detective and he works for a young politician and orator, Cicero. Based on a real lawsuit from 80 BCE, Saylor makes great use of the actual speech made, and conveys the skill and showmanship of the lawyer at a time when a good speech was seen as entertainment for the masses. Into this original material though he weaves a hideous and complex murder plot. Riveting stuff!
I am a huge fan of Cicero, and it was really interesting—if a little hard at times!—to see him portrayed with all his flaws and weaknesses.
3 authors picked Roman Blood as one of their favorite books, and they share why you should read it.
In the unseasonable heat of a spring morning in 80 B.C., Gordianus the Finder is summoned to the house of Cicero, a young advocate staking his reputation on a case involving the savage murder of the wealthy, sybaritic Sextus Roscius. Charged with the murder is Sextus's son, greed being the apparent motive. The punishment, rooted deep in Roman tradition, is horrific beyond imagining.
The case becomes a political nightmare when Gordianus's investigation takes him through the city's raucous, pungent streets and deep into rural Umbria. Now, one man's fate may threaten the very leaders of Rome itself.
Religions of Rome
By Mary Beard, John North,
+ 1 more ⌄
Recommended by Rebecca I. Denova
From Rebecca's list on the religious lives of Greeks and Romans.
Mary Beard is a professor of Classics at Cambridge University who also does popular documentaries on ancient Rome for the BBC (available on YouTube). This volume reaches back to the founding of Rome and the traditions of how Romulus and the first king of Rome, Numa, created Roman religion. It highlights the origins of the major Roman religious festivals.
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This book offers a radical new survey of more than a thousand years of religious life at Rome. It sets religion in its full cultural context, between the primitive hamlet of the eighth century BC and the cosmopolitan, multicultural society of the first centuries of the Christian era. The narrative account is structured around a series of broad themes: how to interpret the Romans' own theories of their religious system and its origins; the relationship of religion and the changing politics of Rome; the religious importance of the layout and monuments of the city itself; changing ideas of religious identity…
The Roman Empire
Rituals and Power
By S. R. F. Price,
Price traces religious concepts of Asia Province from their origins as Greek colonies to the changes adapted and introduced by Rome through Augustus' Imperial Cult. This text highlights religious life in one of the major provinces. The advantage of this book is that Price coordinates the history with the latest archaeological excavations in Turkey
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In his study of the Greek cults of the Roman emperor in Asia minor, Simon Price attempts to discover why the Roman Emperor was treated like a god. He contends that ever since the emergence of Christianity within the Roman Empire the problem has been misinterpreted; a Christianizing distinction between religion and politics has led to the cult being considered simply as a form of political honours. Drawing on anthropology as well as numismatics and archaeology, literary sources and inscriptions, Dr Price offers a fundamentally different perspective. He examines how the Greek cults of the Roman Emperor located the Emperor…
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By Francine Rivers,
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From Nancy's list on that put the Roman in romance.
This is the gold standard of Ancient World Christian Fiction for a reason. The author is an RWA Hall of Fame recipient and ACFW Lifetime Achievement Award winner. This first book in the Mark of the Lion series is so much more than a book about early Christianity and why Rome hated it. Words to describe Hadassah and Marcus's story are… epic, profound, life-changing, powerful, captivating, and I could go on and on. It still freaks me out and totally awes me when reviews for my novels mention her in the same sentence. I want to be flattered and offended on her behalf at the same time, which is completely crazy. If you're only going to invest in one book from my list, it should be this one.
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Book 1 in the 3-book historical Christian fiction series by the New York Times bestselling author of Redeeming Love and The Masterpiece.
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The history of Christianity
A God Strolling in the Cool of the Evening
By Mario De Carvalho, Gregory Rabassa,
Recommended by Ian Ross
From Ian's list on novels set in the later Roman Empire.
The setting for this book is only marginally late Roman, but the picture it evokes, of the shadows lengthening over the classical world, is entirely appropriate. Our hero Lucius is the duumvir, or leading magistrate, of a provincial city in Lusitania at the end of the 2nd century AD. Cultured and urbane, devoted to the classical traditions and philosophies of Rome, Lucius is disturbed both by the appearance of a fervent sect of Christians in his city, and by rumours of an approaching horde of Moorish barbarians. With conflict both within the city and without, and the daughter of the richest citizen turning to the new religion, Lucius soon finds his nerves stretched and his ideals questioned. As the barbarians surround the city walls, and Lucius tries to repel their assault with his ragged band of militia, the duumvir's faith in his own civilisation is tested to destruction. A God…
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Winner of the Portuguese Writers' Association Grand Prize for Fiction and the Pegasus Prize for Literature, and a best-seller in Portugal, Mario de Carvalho's A God Strolling in the Cool of the Evening is a vivid and affecting historical novel set at the twilight of the Roman Empire and the dawn of the Christian era. Lucius Valerius Quintius is prefect of the fictitious city of Tarcisis, charged to defend it against menaces from without -- Moors invading the Iberian peninsula -- and from within -- the decadent complacency of the Pax Romana. Lucius's devotion to civic duty undergoes its most…
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Itsu is one of those much coveted eateries that I thought was reserved only for those living in London. Their Reading branch opened at the end of August and I couldn't be happier. I've been really exited see their Eat Beautiful ethos put into practice.
The new Reading Itsu store is located on the corner of Broad Street and Queen Victoria Street. The interior is in-keeping with the existing 50+ stores. It's bright and clean with elements of traditional Japanese buildings. The chain is owned by Julian Metcalfe, the founder of Pret. There is a similar importance about the freshness and nutritional value of the food on offer. You can expect to find salads, sushi and bento boxes that pack the protein without the calories or saturated fat. There's a great selection of healthy snacks too. It's also perfect for those of us who want to cut down on the wheat and dairy that we eat.
Itsu's beauty smoothies are packed full of goodness and look so beautiful on their shelf. I like that you can see exactly what's going into your drink before you take it to the counter to be blended with ice. I went for the dairy free fruit superseed beauty smoothie, a heavenly mix of coconut milk, dates, apple, strawberries, pineapple, banana and seeds. For food, we both decided to have one of the 'on a bed' bento boxes - different toppings on a bed of seasoned sushi rice. I chose the Salmon and Tuna Tartare and Mum went for Tangy Tuna. Mum's was rather heavy on the ginger, which I'm not a fan of, but I was assured that it was delicious. Mine was equally as tasty. Sashimi grade salmon and tuna, topped with chives and a side of teriyaki sauce is definitely a new favourite for me!
It's really refreshing to finally find somewhere that offers lunch which fills you without feeling full. Everything was delicious and tasted incredibly light and fresh. Its great knowing that you can eat out and maintain a healthy lifestyle. I'll definitely be back for another of those beauty smoothies and I'm dying to try the Eggs Benedict from their new breakfast menu!
I was kindly provided with a voucher for Itsu for this post.
It's such a lovely Itsu isn't it, so happppy we have a local one now!


The Final piece of the trilogy Stained Glass Windows, the artist continues his search for identity and placement in Canada's Multi-Cultural and First Nation arena. Longboy outs himself as a first Nations FAG, who is living with HIV and abruptly severs attached preconceptions of two spirited peoples, forcing the First Nations community to address him rather than the disease.
In a contemplative and meditative search, Longboy recollects how HIV/AIDS has affected himself and the community around him, revealing a strength through loss. Stained Glass Windows is comprised of: From Another Time Comes One..., Eating Lunch, & Water Into Fire.


text:
Best Christmas TV 2021: Shows to watch this year, from Around the World in 80 Days to Strictly Come Dancing
Harry FletcherTuesday 30 Nov 2021 6:30 pm
Wondering what to watch this Christmas? (Picture: BBC)
Forget coming together, spreading festive cheer and decking the halls – this Christmas, we're looking forward to snuggling on the sofa and binging a whole load of great telly.
There are festive specials of our favourite shows coming our way as the nights draw in, as well as new additions to the schedule which are sure to spice things up this season.
Whether it be terrestrial TV or streaming services, there's enough to get you into the Christmas mood – or, distract you from the frivolities altogether with something totally different.
There are reboots of childhood favourites, new takes on acclaimed dramas, festive comedies and sci-fi series sure to satisfy all viewers.
These are our picks of the best Christmas TV series and specials to look out for.
A Very British Scandal
Paul Bettany and Claire Foy star in the new series (Picture: PA)
It was back in 2018 when Hugh Grant and Ben Whishaw starred in the excellent series A Very English Scandal, exploring the Thorpe affair of the 1970s. Now, the series has been switched up to A Very British Scandal, starring Paul Bettany and Claire Foy and taking a look at one of the most notorious legal cases of the 1960s across three new episodes.
Claire will play Margaret, Duchess of Argyll, while Paul will play the Duke of Argyll – the two characters at the heart of a bitter divorce battle, which was hit with accusations of forgery, bribery and manipulation which resulted in one of the biggest media storms of its time.
Release date: December 26 at 9pm on BBC One
Jodie Whittaker is back this Christmas (Picture: BBC Studios/Ben Blackall)
Current Doctor Who series Flux is well and truly off and running, with Jodie Whittaker preparing her last appearances in the TARDIS next year. Also coming up is a New Year's Day special, marking the first of three specials before Jodie's final episode airs in autumn 2022.
It's Christmas, it's Doctor Who – the schedules wouldn't be the same without it, would it?
Release date: January 1 on BBC One
The intriguing drama arrives later this year (Picture: BBC)
Jamie Dornan leads the cast of this intriguing thriller, which sounds like a cross between Jason Bourne and Memento, all set in the Australian outback – what's not to like?
The 50 Shades of Gray star plays a Brit who is barged off the road by a monster truck in an unexplained road incident, before waking up injured with no memory of who he is, who the figures from his past chasing him are, or why he's in Australia at all.
The BBC show also stars the likes of Shalom Brune-Franklin and Danielle MacDonald.
The Star Wars icon is back (Picture: Disney)
If you find yourself wishing to escape to a galaxy far, far away this Christmas, you're in luck.
Mandalorian spin-off The Book of Boba Fett is taking the Star Wars extended universe to whole new levels on Disney Plus this year and focusing on one of the most iconic characters in the entire franchise.
In the second season of The Mandalorian, it was confirmed that Boba had survived his fall into the Sarlacc Pit that occurred in the original Star Wars film trilogy, after fans spent decades believing that the legendary bounty hunter had died. After the post-credits scene for The Mandalorian saw Boba take the throne of Jabba the Hutt in Tatooine, who knows where the new series will take him next.
Release date: December 29 on Disney Plus.
Mariah's Christmas: The Magic Continues
No Christmas playlist would be complete without the music of Maria Carey, and the pop icon is teaming up with Apple for a second festive special this year.
Mariah's Christmas: The Magic Continues will see the All I Want For Christmas singer team up with artist Khalid and Kirk Franklin for the first and only performance of their new single, Fall in Love at Christmas.
Last year's special was a blast, featuring the likes of Ariana Grande, Jennifer Hudson and Snoop Dogg, and if it's half as fun this year we'll be in for another treat.
Release date: December 3 on Apple TV+
The cult series is back this Christmas (Picture: BBC)
Fans of the cult BBC comedy Ghosts have been waiting patiently for new episodes after series three, and it's been confirmed that the show is coming back for a Christmas special.
There's a new face joining the cast alongside Charlotte Ritchie, Kiell Smith-Bynoe and Martha Howe-Douglas too, with Jennifer Saunders taking part in the new episode, which was filmed during the making of the series three.
Release date: TBA
The Mezzotint
The ghost tale is coming this festive series (Picture: BBC/Adorable Media/Michael Carlo)
If you're in the mood for a spooky gothic tale this festive season, this BBC adaptation of Victorian writer MR James's story The Mezzotint could be the one for you.
The new drama focuses on a man who finds a mysterious photograph of a country house, which appears to have a life of its own. All is not as it seems, with the original story packed with chilling twists and turns.
Sherlock and League of Gentlemen star Mark Gatiss directs, while the likes of Rory Kinnear, Robert Bathurst and Frances Barber starring.
Release date: TBC
Would it be Christmas without Call The Midwife? (Picture: BBC / Nealstreet Productions / Sophie Mutevelian)
There'll be a host of familiar faces returning to Poplar to take part in the Call the Midwife special, including Miriam Margolyes's Mother Mildred who missed the 10th series of the show.
Fans won't have long to wait long before new episodes arrive earlier, with series 11 airing in January.
Release date: December 25 on BBC One
Henry Cavill is back to fight a bunch of terrifying monsters in The Witcher season two on Netflix, playing demon hunter Geralt of Rivia as he goes up against the most terrifying adversaries yet in the upcoming series.
The second instalment of the epic fantasy will see Geralt escort the magically-powered Ciri to safety at his childhood home of Kaer Morhen, providing viewers with further insight into his past.
Release date: December 17 on Netflix
Adventurer Phileas Fogg is coming to the small screen this Christmas, with David Tennant stepping into this new adaptation of Jules Verne's Around the World in 80 Days.
There are some big names attached, not least composer Hans Zimmer and Christian Lundberg who provided the soundtrack, as Tennant and co-stars Ibrahim Koma and Leonie Benesch head out on a romp across the globe during the eight-part series.
The good news is, while the series hasn't landed yet, we already know there's going to be a second run of the comedy drama too.
The hit show unveiled a star-studded Christmas line-up (Picture: BBC/Guy Levy)
The current series of Strictly is proving one of the most entertaining in years, and there's more to come after the champion is named, too.
There's a special programme coming our way on Christmas Day, which will see some Strictly favourites from years gone by take to the ballroom.
More: Strictly Come Dancing
Strictly's Nikita Kuzmin pulls out of upcoming live tour dates after catching Covid
Strictly celebs and pros sparkle in glitzy photocall as Live Tour kicks off
Strictly's Rose Ayling-Ellis and Giovanni Pernice crowned winners yet again on live tour
There are some big names involved, with The Repair Shop's Jay Blades, Fred Siriex, Mel Giedroyc, Moira Stuart, Anne-Marie and Adrian Chiles all battling it out on the dancefloor.
MORE : Coronation Street and Emmerdale to drop episodes early on ITV Hub over Christmas
MORE : John Lewis pledges donation to charities amid Christmas advert plagiarism row
Christmas TVDoctor WhoJamie DornanStrictly Come DancingThe Book of Boba Fett
Richard Madeley agrees to star on Strictly as long as he can partner with Johannes Radebe
Rose Ayling-Ellis shares clip communicating in BSL with Strictly co-star Luba Mushtuk
Denise Van Outen's ex-fiance Eddie Boxshall warns fans not to 'believe everything you read' after split


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Boris Johnson launches Tory leadership bid with pledge to end Brexit 'morass'
The former foreign secretary said Britain must leave the EU on October 31.
Boris Johnson launches his campaign to become leader of the Conservative Party (Stefan Rousseau/PA)
June 12 2019 10:36 AM
Boris Johnson has launched his bid for the Tory crown with a promise to end the "morass" over Brexit.
https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/boris-johnson-launches-tory-leadership-bid-with-pledge-to-end-brexit-morass-38212380.html
https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/7ae0d/38212379.ece/AUTOCROP/h342/bpanews_b70b4480-c0c0-408f-9e75-17ef7f31c3f4_1
The former foreign secretary insisted that it is essential that Britain finally leaves the EU at the end of October to prevent the mood of "disillusion, even despair" in the country from spreading.
He warned failure that to honour the referendum vote risked handing power to Jeremy Corbyn and Labour at the next general election.
After three years and two missed deadlines we must leave the EU on October 31. Boris Johnson
"After three years and two missed deadlines, we must leave the EU on October 31," he said.
"Delay means defeat. Delay means Corbyn. Kick the can and we kick the bucket."
His launch took place as a cross-party alliance of MPs prepared a fresh attempt to use Commons procedure to block a no-deal Brexit.
Mr Johnson said: "We cannot ignore the morass at Westminster where parties have entered a yellow box junction, unable to move forward or back, while around the country there is a mood of disillusion, even despair, at our ability to get things done.
"The longer it goes on, the worst the risk that there will be serious contamination and loss of confidence, because the people of this country deserve the best from their leader."


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One Design Industry Veteran Thinks This Idea Can Help Save Upstate New York's Small Businesses
Michael Bruno is supporting the area's renowned design and antiques shops during this trying time
By Madeleine Luckel
Hort and Pott, a beloved design show located in Oak Hill, New York, is featured on Tastemakers.
Photo: Courtesy of Tastemakers
AD PRO's new On the Bright Side column covers a piece of good news coming out of the design world right now. Read on for a pick-me-up!
"I'm all ready for this call," 1stdibs's founder Michael Bruno says as soon as he picks up the phone. "I swept my floors, opened a bottle of wine, and am looking out at the lake, so I can't complain." But as idyllic as Bruno's home setup undoubtedly is, it has also also lit an urgent fire under him to do what he can to help the region during this difficult time.
While Bruno's digital accomplishments are widely known, his passion for upstate New York is another guiding life force. The region, in which Bruno's house is located, reminds the founder of the European countryside, in that visitors never know what charming small business they will find while tootling along local roads. That appreciation helped lead Bruno to found Tastemakers Guide, a website that highlights such shops, restaurants, and hotels—including Bruno's own Valley Rock Inn. ("You know, it's interesting," the former 1stDibs chairman says of his initial impetus to launch the website. "I obviously like curation, so I thought, Why couldn't you apply that same process to the upstate region?") The still-nascent Tastemakers has recently made a quick and agile pivot, in light of the economic devastation recently wreaked by COVID-19.
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Now Tastemakers is being relaunched as a platform that allows small businesses to share their current operating status under a guiding ethos that knowledge is power. That includes whether or not businesses are open, their adjusted hours and services, and much more, all conveniently located in the site's new Updates From the Field sections. The featured businesses are still those handpicked by regional experts, but the new work is mainly being done pro bono. That innate kindness is drawn into further focus when one considers that many of these same people have been recently mired in murky PPP waters, unable to receive the government's small business loans that initially seemed like a wonderful potential lifeline.
"I just think that if these small businesses can get some decent business this summer…" Bruno says to AD PRO, trailing off. "If they have to make it through winter all the way till next year, we could lose a lot of these places." Bruno adds that while New York City is currently inundated by COVID-19 cases, summer could be the next phase during which individuals are comfortable with small, and safely organized, excursions upstate: "Get out in nature, that's what everyone wants, right?"
As for Bruno, this period has come with a silver lining. "It's made me fall in love with my house again," he says, adding that he's rediscovered it through cleaning, and couldn't be happier after having turned his dining room table into a desk. Of course, the area's ultimate lure lies outside the home: "I love Hudson because I'm an antiques junkie—you go there for a chest and it's dangerous!"


For a long time world media are full of reports on tragic events in Israel and Palestine. People kill people, people kill themselves. Media reports are focused on territorial, ethnic, political and religious aspects of the tragedy, and environmental aspects escape from writers' attention. But state of Palestinian environment and damage caused by the war is not only the consequence but also one of the roots of hostility.
The report of Palestinial Ministry for Environmental Affairs placed at the site is presented by ISEU members Imad El Baba and Makhmoud El Boutmekh currently working at the Ministry. Mr.El Baba, an ichthyologist graduated from the Chisinau University, Moldova works at the Biodiversity Conservation Department, and Mr.El Boutmekh works at the Waste Management Department.
The transport ministry of Ukraine plans a ship canal through the Danube biosphere reserve. Under development more than 1,5 thousand hectares of reserved terrain will be lost.
The building of a channel will cause the destruction of unique animal and plants habitat (94 kinds brought in the Red book now dwell in the reservation), the migration pathes of several millions auks of 133 kinds will be broken. Also it can fully stop the breeding of the Danube herring (now the 95% of the Danube herring is reproduced in this area).
Despite of the negative conclusion of ecological expertise, the building project of the ship canal goes on. In spite of the Ukrainian and international legislations upsets, in the Ukrainian budget is already stipulated about $5 millions for building a channel.
The exit to the Black sea through Danube is especially profitable for the Ukrainian Danube shipping company and its ports - Ishmael, Kiliya, Reny, Ust-Dunaysk. However, the Danube delta is largest European aquatic and wetland ground of international value and therefore for preservation of a biological variety of a delta, its unique landscapes are protected by many of international legal acts.
The reservation is protected by the Ramsar convention, it is introduced in UNESCO's list, getting into a structure of the Ukrainian-Romanian cross-border biosphere reservation. Although the Ukrainian National academy of sciences, nature protection society, Ukrainian ecological organizations offer alternative projects for the channal, the Transport Ministry of Ukraine failed to consider them. Since March, 6 ecological activists start a series of pickets against building a channel in Danube reserve.
"Even the single disturbance of a safety of reserved objects bring irreciprocal destructions of natural assemblages in these terrains. Even after the termination of obstructing and eliminations of the destabilizing factor the reserved object loses most of its value", - says the release of the Kiev ecology-cultural center and center of ecological enlightenment - "XXI century".
WHETHER THE GREY WHALES WILL SURVIVE?
The nature protection community has to defend the grey whales' right to live in court. February 14, 2002 the Presnensky court of Moscow has considered the claim of the citizens and public organizations to The Russian Government and The ministry of natural resources for the ban of activity that puts under threat grey whales of the Okhotsk-Korean population - a disappearing species. As the third parties two oil producing companies - Exon Neftegaz Ltd. and Sakhalin Energy were involved.
To address in court the claimants were induced by the serious concern by destiny of the unique population of western grey whales. Besides the whale populationa, the projects of mining oil threatens also the richest reserves of bioresources in the Okhotskoye sea.
In opinion of claimants, to give to the grey whales chance to survive, it is not required to stop any activity on the shelf at all, as it often presented by the petroleum industrials and other opponents. Nevertheless, to protect the nature these projects need to be changed. In particular, it is necessary to stop building a jetty under the project of "Sakhalin - 1" on a field Odoptu, and to remove arrangement of a new oil producing gantry under the project of "Sakhalin - 2" as it is possible further from border of whales' fodder region. The ecologists want also to achieve some changes in routes of pipe lines and ban of seismic survey in the season of a summer feeding of whales.
This could become a soltion for the problem, instead of mere whale-loving declarations from oil companies. In this session of the court the claimants were represented by the attorneys of the Moscow regional Bar, members of public nature protection organization Legal center "Rodnik" O. Yakovleva and I.Stromova. For the substantiation of the claim they have submitted the petition, in which they asked from oil corporations the information about what kind of industrial activity is planned in the area of grey whales' dwell (in the Piltoun bay) with the concrete of terms of realization works.
Government of Russian Federation, the Nature Ministry and Exon Neftegaz Ltd categorically objected to a vindication of this information by court. The court under its own initiative has requested from transponders the item of information about ecological expertises in connection with proposed activity in Piltoun bay.
Thus, the court to the present time hasn't official information about the kind of activity that is planned in a habital of grey whales.
Unexpectedly representative ofExon Neftegaz Ltd. has declared the petition to exclude the company from among the participants of process. He has justified his stand in the petition, where in particular has declared about "illegalities of the lawsuits": "The lawsuits, being anticipatory, are unconstitutional essentially and contradict the order, established by the operational Russian legislation, of nature management and control behind nature management".
The above-stated quotation from the petition of the Exon Neftegaz Ltd. testifies to full forgetfulness of the foreign company to the rights of the citizens and to the country, in which territory they going to realize their commercial projects. The Russian sociability has addressed to the court with the claim defending a constitutional law of the citizens on favourable environment guaranteed by the article 42 of the Constitution of Russian Federation, and realising a constitutional law on judicial protection guaranteed by the article 46 of the Constitution of Russian Federation.
The court has accepted this claim and started its consideration. Calling the protection of public concerns "illegal" and "unconstitutional", the Exon Neftegaz Ltd. puts under doubt major principles of a lawful state and enters the conflicting to the fundamentals of Russian constitutional formation. Besides from the quoted statement of the Exxon Neftegaz Ltd. follows as the Russian court accepting claim of the citizens and public organizations and started its consideration also acted "illegally and unconstitutionally".
The petition for exclusion Exxon Neftegaz Ltd. from among the third persons of lawsuit in many respects is grounded on positions of "The Agreements for section of production under the project "Sakhalin - 1".
At discussion of the petition of the company Eckson Neftegaz Ltd. the attorney of the claimants has paid attention of the count that the agreement itself is absent, therefore court and participants of process can't see justification of reasons of the company. In reply to that the attorney of the company has declared, that the agreement even can't be submitted to the court, because it contains the closed items of information. The conclusion arises, that the Exon Neftegaz Ltd. considers, what even the court, has no the right to acquaint with "The agreement on section of production". This reason once again has confirmed full forgetfulness of the company Exon Neftegaz Ltd. not only to constitutional rights of the citizens, but also to the legislation of Russian Federation.
Despite of more than pressing demand of the company to free them from a trial, the court has refused the satisfaction of the petition.
Next session of the court is designated on April 9, 2002.
The obligations of the leading European timber industrial companies not to use untouched forests remains an effective means to preserve such forests in north-west Russia.
To confirm that, for example, January 18, 2002 the general director of Polaria timber company and the quoter of the Kola center of wilderness preservation have signed "The minutes of the coordination of problems of preservation and using forests in a coverage of Polaria".
In November, 2001 the Kola center found out that Polaria gains wood in the massifs of untouched forests Tenniojoki and Rahmoiva, arranged in the Kandalaksha region of Murmansk oblast (region), near the Russian-Finnish border. Until 1990's these forests were protected from timber-merchants by a band of boundary security buildings. In 1993 the administration of the Kandalaksha region has recognized high value of this nature area and has offered to create the apart-guarded natural terrain in that area.
In 1996 on conference in Rovaniemi (Finland) the deputies of the Russian and Finnish nature protection offices have decided to esteem both of the massifs as potential objects of a Green belt of Fennoscandia - projected international system of natural reservations. The massifs of Tenniojoki and Rahmoiva were included by the Forest Club of Russian nature protection organizations in the list of potentially untouched forests.
Per 2'nd half of 1990's the leading European timber companies including Stora-Enso, UPM-Kymmene, Metsaliitto have undertaken not to use timber cutted in potentially untouched forests of Murmansk oblast (region) and Karelia Republic, while all interested parties will come to the compromise about the preservation and rational usage of wood resources in these terrains. In 2001 Polaria planned to cut down about 13 thousand cubic-meters of timber in Tenniojoki and Rahmoiva forest massifs. This fact have doubted capability of preservation of these valuable terrains, and also it became the test for recognized leader of wood-protective policy - Stora-Enso, because Polaria had exported all the timber to Finland and sent it in the form of balances and chip from saw-mills to Stora-Enso's pulp and paper factory in Kemijarvi.
Kola center of wilderness preservation repeatedly tendered to conduct negotiations for the decision of the conflict. But the Polaria's management and their constant Finnish partner Fromlog Ky was ignored these proposals. After that the nature protection organizations (The Taiga Secure Network, Kola Biodiversity Conservation Centre, Greenpeace Russia, Finnish League of Nature) have addressed to Finnish timber-merchants with the request not to purchase timber, exported by Polaria.
Having needed their request, the management of Stora-Enso completely eliminated a possibility of delivering Polaria's timber on fabrics of the corporation. These measures concerned not only balances, but also arboreal waste of saw-mills.
In the end of December, 2001 Polaria and Fromlog Ky have appeared in full isolation on the Finnish market of timber. For the companies the problems with sales of all timber prepared both in massifs of untouched forests and also in remaining terrain have begun.
Looking up the solution the management of Polaria was compelled to agree to negotiations with nature protection organizations. Now timber-merchants have applied a maximum of efforts to achieve the compromise probably faster. January 9, 2002 the general director of Polaria M.Nazarov and deputies of Kola center have met in the town Apatites of Murmansk oblast (region). January 11 to the quoter of the center was organized the departure on allotments. A week later, January 18, both parties have signed "The minutes of the coordination of problems of preservation and usage of forests in a coverage of Polaria". This agreement became the result of careful analysis of nature protective and economical aspects of this situation and their discussion between the company and the members of Forest club of Russian nature protection organizations. The document has stipulated that Kola center by way of exception has found to possible for Polaria to conduct wood-cuttings under the sanctions, taken in 2000-2001, in quarters of massifs Tenniojoki, which were already highly disturbed by the previous cuttings and consequently mismatched to yardsticks of reference to untouched natural forests.
The Polaria from their part has undertaken not to conduct wood-gaining in forests of high nature protection value, protected by Wood club, and also in other forests which are included in projects of apart-guarded natural terrains. The management of the company also has undertaken awakely to promote acceptance of the administrative solutions for organization new guarded terrain in Murmansk oblast (region).
In opinion of the ecologists participated in opening-up and discussion of the agreement, this document completely corresponds to the purpose of the Forest club's campaign for preservation untouched natural forests.
A natural reservation, which is located in Lugansk region of Ukraine is seeking to enlarge a territory of one of its branches called "Provalskaya Step". Currently this would be quite a challenging task for a natural reservation in Ukraine, which staff turned to us, non-governmental environmental organisations for support. What we can do is to send our letters of support to the head of local Sverdlovsk district council in Lugansk region, Mr. Alexander Shmal'ts, the general director of association 'Luganskles' Mr. Yanchenko V. I. and to the Minister of Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine Mr. Sergey Kurykin.
We appreciate your input. A copy of support letter, sent out by our group, which could be used by your organisation as well, are included bellow.
ON NECESSITY TO ENLARGE A TERRITORY OF LUGANSK NATURAL RESERVATION "PROVALSKAYA STEP".
Health of Ukrainian people and self the existence of independent Ukraine would not be possible without healthy environment. Protected natural reservations play an important role in improving of environment and according to the Law of Ukraine on "Natural Reservations" are created with an aim to support an eco-balance, among others. Current development of a network of natural reservations in Ukraine is not sufficient. This is also stated in the Programme for Perspective Development of Reservations in Ukraine. This programme underlines a need to enlarge territories of natural reservations, and especially those having a highest status for protection.
One of the most important environmental problems for Eurasia is disappearing steppe landscapes, which area now does not exceed 4% in Ukraine. Long term destruction of natural steppe areas caused water and wind erosion, decrease in live farming and agriculture. We believe that the above mentioned problems in Lugansk region can be solved or diminished by enlargement of "Provalskaya Step". This enlargement will also be in line with the Programme for Perspective Development of Reservations in Ukraine, State Programme for Development of National Environmental Network for 2000-2015, National Environmental Plan, Programme for Rational Use of Natural Resources and Environmental Safety in Lugansk Region until 2005 year.
That is why we hope will implement state programmes by taking a decision to incorporate to the Lugansk natural reservation "Provalskaya Step" lands of the private enterprise "Proval'skoye" and of the Sverdlovsk forestry.
Sergey Shaparenko, head of environmental group "Pechenegi".


Orientalism is simply the representation of the Arab world in a prejudiced way that is considered an embodiment of the colonialist perspective. The repertory of Orientalism is a collection of information relevant to the orient of the west to the Middle East. Professor Edward W. Said addresses the issue of the West viewing the Middle East from a restrained perspective that distorts the factual reality of the inhabitants of the Middle East. The film "On Orientalism" presents precise example of Orientalism through the repertoire of images, which, illustrate the Middle East as having sensual women, sexual secrets and monsters. This repertoire of images is only a consistency of Orientalism that has no accurate relevance to the actual Orient. Professor Edward W. Said emphasizes that the descriptions and art works produced by great artists such as, Gerald De Nerval Edward W. Lane were taken as the objective knowledge about the Middle East. According to Professor Edward W. Said, all the Orientals were similar hence; Orient never develops thus a contradiction to the facts of history. The theme of Orientalism and empire is rooted in the reasons used to justify the colonization of the East by the European imperial powers. The launch of the war against terrorism by the U.S has been associated with affirmative terms such as "root out evil" especially during the reign of President George W. Bush to emphasize on the great military effort to restore sanity in the East. Thus, the East is portrayed as barbaric, evil and dangerous hence the U.S followed suit after the European imperial powers to launch military efforts in the Middle East (wings.buffalo.edu).
The American Orientalism is rooted in American, foreign policy mainly influenced by political and economic interests in the East. The American Orientalism features along the theme of barbaric stereotypes of the Middle East inhabitants. For instance, President Bush's speech after the September 2001 New York attack by the Al-Qaeda he expressed his notion of the Middle East. President George W. Bush posed the rhetoric, "why do they hate us?" still in his speech, president Bush asserted "they hate our freedoms, our freedom of speech, freedom to, freedom of religion and freedom to assemble." The U.S views the Middle East with the notion that it is a terror region with the mission of disrupting peace and stability of the American people. Modern America experiences challenging diplomatic relations with the Middle East that began in the twentieth century demonizing the Muslims and Arabs as anti-western terrorists (wings.buffalo.edu).
Orientalism today is depicted in the mass media, which gives a prejudiced representation of the Middle East. Since colonialism, the west has had misconceptions about the Middle East that are inevitably persistent in the modern world. Western journalists contribute most to modern Orientalism since they have preconceived notions about the East, they conduct hasty interviews in the Arab world to cover a story without effective research to avoid bias. In the modern world, majority of the Muslim population would support that most distortions of Islam world is from newspapers, television and magazines. The distorted information about the Islamic world disseminated by the media carries along with it the Western view of the Middle East not the facts about it. The western understanding of Islam is a distortion that reduces Islam to the ideas of polygamy, fanaticism and fatalism. The colonialism of the Middle East introduced the western influence to the Islamic world, which is still effective even today. The west influences the economic activities of the Middle East through financial institutions such as the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, which were founded by the West to nature the western values of capitalism in the Islamic countries (wings.buffalo.edu).
The Oklahoma City bombing is quintessentially a guiding experience of how the West has a misunderstanding of the Middle East as a terrorist region. Professor Edward W. Said gives an account of his personal experience in which, the media had an interest to interview him when the attack occurred since he is an Arab. The main interest was to find out whether he had information beforehand regarding the attack, which was assumed to have originated from the Middle East. The media, especially the London Sunday Times portrayed racist phrases. For instance, the attack was described as "match made in Mecca". Said explores the impact of Orientalism in the production of information on a restrained framework that ignorant of the diversity of the Islamic world. Furthermore, the Oklahoma City bombing was not Middle East attack. In fact, the attack was reported to be from a deep-seated Christian origin. The Palestine question is another intriguing aspect of how the orientalist trend by the West has created an ideal middle east in modern Orientalism. The media coverage of Palestinian people gives a distorted image of Palestine, which depicts its inhabitants as irrational, unreasonable and violent people. The practice of irresponsible journalism by the Western media thrusts the stone throwing brand on Palestine as violent country.
The question about Palestine generalizes the Middle East as a violent region. The impact of this stereotyping overlooks the reality that there is violence in the Middle East as any other place. The misrepresentation of the Middle East progresses due to lack of information policy to give the true picture of Arab countries. The western media and politicians claim that peace could be restored in Palestine only if they would do away stone throwing violence. The Western powers would like an ideal Palestine, which in their value would abide by the western culture to suit modernization. The coverage of the Palestine in funeral by the media depicts their culture practice which the West detest contrary to the Israel modern western, familiar morning in a black suit which they deem acceptable. Both Palestine and Israel are different since Israel is an ally of the West while Palestine is an Islamic rooted country that the West is interested in conquering ideologically. The Western media coverage of Palestine revolves around the odds lifestyle of Palestine giving the impression that the Palestine should strive to achieve the western culture. For instance, the West would like Palestine to fight in the army not militiamen and suicide bombers. The fact that a western journalist posted the question whether stone throwing is a bad brand for Palestine is simply the Orientalism today due to irresponsible journalism. Instead of appreciating the Islamic culture and diversity, the western powers seek to conquer the Islamic world ideological like in a scenario whereby Palestine is juxtaposed with Israel (wings.buffalo.edu).
The video is a great presentation the work of Edward W.Said on Orientalism. The video covers a wide range of topics interrelated on the issue of Orientalism. This is one among the strengths, which makes it recommendable for other viewers with an academic interest in Orientalism. First, the video introduces the viewer to critical fields of study such as postcolonial theory, which emerged due to Orientalism. The video gives the viewer a detailed account of how the west views the Middle East from a prejudiced perspective that distorts the actual of the inhabitants of the Middle East. The personal experience of Said regarding Orientalism is a major of this video expressing the misrepresentation of the Middle East. Said raises the concern of the 1973 war in which the media portrayed Israel as cowardly, less acquainted with fighting. The misrepresentation concisely covers the disparity of what the west perceived the middle to be with the reality of what being an Arab is. The video has quite reliable repertoire of images about the Middle East which offers an explanation why the middle appears the way it does from a western perspective. Given the detailed information the video contains, it is mandatory to declare it a must watch for other viewers (wings.buffalo.edu).
<http://wings.buffalo.edu/ARD/cgi/showme.cgi?keycode=3529> .Web. 28 Nov 2011.


Go to www.krogercommunityrewards.com, sign-in to your Kroger account, and search for Grassroots Animal Rescue (non-profit number _____). Kroger will make a donation to Grassroots Animal Rescue based on a percentage of every purchase you make at Kroger.
Every time you shop on Amazon, they give back! Visit smile.amazon.com, log-in to your Amazon account, search for Grassroots Animal Rescue, and select it as your charity of choice. Then, just head to smile.amazon.com every time you shop on Amazon, and Grassroots Animal Rescue will receive a percentage of each purchase.
Don't just take your dog for a walk... Take your Walk for a Dog! Every time you walk (whether your dog is with you or not), you can help raise money for Grassroots Animal Rescue! Go to WoofTrax.com, download the app, and sign up to walk for Grassroots Animal Rescue.


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10 Spooky Virtual Tours
Mey Rude
Jack the Ripper the Tour
Jack the Ripper is the most infamous serial killer of all time, and despite over a hundred years of research, we still don't know who the mysterious villain was. Learn more about The Whitechapel Murderer on this interactive virtual tour led by Ripper expert Richard Jones via Zoom.
Paris Catacombs
More than six million people are buried in a vast network of tunnels underneath the streets of Paris, and even if you're stuck in America, you can still enjoy a terrifying tour of this underground labyrinth.
Mütter Museum
The Mütter Museum is hands down one of the coolest museums we have in the US. It's packed full of medical history and human anatomical oddities enough to make anyone recognize the horror of being trapped in a human flesh body (and the horror in our treatment of the disabled and ill). Check out the collection of eye pathologies and say hi to the famous Soap Lady from the comfort of your home.
Museum of Icelandic Sorcery and Witchcraft
This museum features objects and information related to Icelandic Witchcraft, including the famous Nábrók, a replica of necropants, a pair of pants made from human skin, that was supposed to grant the wearer magical riches. Check out the pants and other witchy exhibits online now.
Murder Is Her Hobby: Frances Glessner Lee and The Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death
Frances Glessner Lee was one of the founding mothers of forensic science, and her wonderfully and morbidly detailed crime scene miniatures are a main reason for that. She created these "nutshell studies" so that investigators could practice looking at a crime scene, and in order for them to be useful teaching tools, she had to include every grisly detail. Now, thanks to modern technology, you can tour each of her mini murder scenes yourself.
When the No. 4 reactor shut down and exploded in 1986 in Chernobyl, the whole world became aware of the horrors of a nuclear disaster. The area was so saturated with radiation that now it's a ghost town. You can go to Google Maps and explore the area, and you don't even have to worry about lingering nuclear fall out!
Island of the Dolls
This island in Mexico is without a doubt one of the creepiest places you'll ever see. Legend says that a local fisherman hung dolls from every tree on the island after he started being haunted by the ghost of a little girl who drowned nearby. Turn off all your lights and go on a video tour of the island tonight.
Black Dahlia Murderer's House
Tour the Sowden House where Elizabeth Short may have been tortured, murdered, and dissected in the basement. One of the most infamous murders in Hollywood history, Elizabeth Short, aka The Black Dahlia, was brutally murdered and dismembered in January 1947. The crime went unsolved, but the cop son of this house's former owner believes his father killed Short -- and possibly other women -- in this famous home designed by Lloyd Wright, which is available for virtual tours.
The Queen Mary has far more than its fair share of ghost stories, from lights turning on and off, to faucets running on their own, to full body apparitions appearing to guests. The luxury ship is permanently moored in Long Beach, but you can search the ghost ship on Google Earth, or go to YouTube for a whole series of virtual tours.
If you're into creepy history, look no further than the Salem Witch Museum. This online tour doesn't just cover the museum itself, but goes around to cemeteries, courthouses, jails, and even the site where a dozen innocent people were executed for the crime of witchcraft.
Intro to Mid-Atlantic Leather Weekend January 13-16
Making a Case for a Much-Hated Ingredient
December 13 2022 4:00 AM
Spend the Holidays in West Hollywood
The 7 Most Cringeworthy Moments in The White Lotus
Gay Couple Finds True Love While Waiting at Airport
Make the Most of Napa's 'Cabernet Season'
14 Hotels That Go All Out for Christmas
Pics Show Dueling Eruptions, Lava Flows Threaten Key Hawaiian Highway
Two New Lava Flows Cascade Down Mauna Loa
November 30 2022 7:00 AM
Plane Crash Survivors Suspended in Power Lines for Over Seven Hours
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November 25 2022 12:00 PM
More Black Friday & Cyber Monday Resort Sales
November 25 2022 11:24 AM