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So far in history man has been too greatly over-occupied with projecting things into his environment rather than first creating the sort of person who can make the highest use of the things he has created.
Page "lore" ¶ 171
from Brown Corpus
So and far
So far as he knew, only his father could be there.
So far as the existing body of formal principle and procedure is concerned, categorical novelties are not to be anticipated in Jewish-Gentile relationships ; ;
So far as `` sacredness '' inheres in any aspect of creation it seems to me to be found in human personality, whether in Lambarene, Africa, or in Washington, D.C..
Again omitting recent developments, E.T. Leeds' dictum of 1913 has stood unchallenged: `` So far as archaeology is concerned, there is not the least warrant for the second ( shore occupied by ) of these theories ''.
So far as I am concerned, the child is unmistakably father to the man, despite the obvious fact that child and father differ greatly -- sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worse.
So far as the record is concerned, the Western powers have not acquiesced and should not do so.
So far the platoons on left and right fielders don't seem capable of carrying the load.
So far this season, Broadway's premieres have included twice as many adaptations and imports as original American stage plays.
( Note: So far as State Police cars are concerned, only their replacement is under this division ).
So far, no troublesome cases have arisen under this provision.
So far as I can see, there is only one way out for the positivist.
So far these remarks, like most criticisms of Hardy, have tacitly assumed that his poetry is all of a piece, one solid mass of verse expressing a sensibility at a single stage of development.
So far, the covers have never been off the boxes.
So far as I know, the Comedie has never put Moliere's people in the costumes of the 20th century, but they do reinterpret plays and characters.
So far, this discussion of the formalization of an algorithm has assumed the premises of imperative programming.
So far fifteen volumes of her journals have been published.
So if they were to be extended far enough they would seem to merge, at least as far as the eye could discern.
So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation, mating, growth, and pathogenicity.
So far, no practical universal storage medium exists, and all forms of storage have some drawbacks.
So far, only a single bird species, which has not been named, has been confidently identified from both above and below the K-Pg boundary ( it is present in the Maastrichtian Hell Creek Formation and Danian Fort Union Formation ).
So far, no such person has emerged.
So in some sense it provides a measure of how far the group is from being abelian ; the larger the commutator subgroup is, the " less abelian " the group is.
So far, they include news, music, and sports.
So and history
So, while we properly inveigh against the new poisoning, history is not likely to justify the pose of righteousness which some in the West were so quick to assume when Mr. Khrushchev made his cynical and irresponsible threat.
So filled was Mel Chandler with the spirit of Garryowen that after Korea was over, he took on the job of writing the complete history of the regiment.
So, for happy years, Helva scooted around in her shell with her classmates, playing such games as Stall, Power-Seek, studying her lessons in trajectory, propulsion techniques, computation, logistics, mental hygiene, basic alien psychology, philology, space history, law, traffic, codes: all the et ceteras that eventually became compounded into a reasoning, logical, informed citizen.
So broad a notion has inevitably been elusive and controversial in the history of philosophy, beginning in western philosophy with attempts among the pre-Socratics to deploy it intelligibly.
So, the science fiction fans began to organize, and became aware of themselves as a movement, a social force ; this was probably decisive for the subsequent history of the genre.
So, for most of the history of life on Earth the only forms of life were microorganisms.
So far it is the biggest music deal in British history.
So, in your discussions of the nuclear freeze proposals, I urge you to beware the temptation of pride, the temptation of blithely declaring yourselves above it all and label both sides equally at fault, to ignore the facts of history and the aggressive impulses of an evil empire, to simply call the arms race a giant misunderstanding and thereby remove yourself from the struggle between right and wrong and good and evil.
* The Story So Far ... – Marillion tour history
So too is Alexander Neville's 1575 Latin history of the rebellion, De furoribus Norfolciensium.
On September 28th, ( October 10th, new style ) 1806, Aleksandr I, Emperor of Russia made a notation on the design submitted to him of a new flag for the Russian-American Company ; " So be it ", and added his cypher, thereby approving the first flag in Russia's history to be used by an Imperial chartered company.
So valuable has it been at times in ancient history that it has been equal in weight value to gold.
So the proceeds of the greatest cash robbery in British history were quickly used up, with few of the robbers receiving any real long-term benefit from the stolen money.
* December 8 – Cyndi Lauper with fourth single from She's So Unusual, " All Through the Night ", becoming the first woman in the 26-year history of Billboard Hot 100 to have four singles in the top five from the one album.
So while modern natural history dates historically from studies in the ancient Greco-Roman world and the medieval Arabic world through to the scattered European Renaissance scientists working in near isolation, today's field is more of a cross discipline umbrella of many specialty sciences.
So the history of the Holsten Gate is actually the history of four consecutive gates, although only one of them is left.
So much was this the case that the Commentaries rank second only to the Bible as a literary and intellectual influence on the history of American institutions ".
So the label was forced to release the group and the rest is history.
So in political science and history, a public is a population of individuals in association with civic affairs, or affairs of office or state.
So began the greatest romance in Klingon history.
The most famous pair in the history of embu was Masuomi Nakano and Toshio Misaki whose embu was said to have impressed Doshin So.
So it can be reasonably hypothesized that Giordano Bruno was formed during the span of human history, perhaps in June 1178.
So many years ago, Huatusco was called " La Ciudad de los Pianos ", because in every house there was a piano, people enjoyed playing the piano, there so much history about it, and specially remarkable people.


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Towards nanoscale reality in plasmonic hot-carrier generation
RealNanoPlasmon
Status Grant agreement terminated
Start date 1 April 2019
End date 31 March 2021
CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLA AB
Periodic Reporting for period 1 - RealNanoPlasmon (Towards nanoscale reality in plasmonic hot-carrier generation)
The development of renewable energy technologies is crucial for the goal of a global sustainable society. For reaching this goal, solar energy technologies that rely on the efficient utilization of abundant sunlight play an important role. To this end, plasmon-enhanced processes enabled by metal nanoparticles provide particularly promising avenues for harvesting sunlight.
Plasmon-enhanced technologies are based on metal nanoparticles that support localized surface plasmon resonances. Thanks to these resonances, metal nanoparticles exhibit large photoabsorption cross-sections, which makes them efficient light absorbers. Upon light absorption, the absorbed energy is confined in the nanometer-scale volume of the nanoparticle, and a particularly attractive approach for utilizing this energy is through plasmonic catalysis. In this process, the plasmon resonance decays on a femtosecond timescale, creating high-energy electrons and holes, so-called hot carriers. These plasmon-generated hot carriers could trigger chemical reactions in molecules adsorbed on the nanoparticle surface, turning metal nanoparticles into solar-to-chemical energy converters.
Detailed understanding of plasmonic hot-carrier generation at the atomic scale is highly important for plasmonic catalysis as chemical reactions take place at this size scale. In this spirit, the main objectives of this project were to develop computational first-principles methods for addressing plasmonic hot-carrier generation with atomistic resolution and to gain understanding of the atomic-scale effects on plasmonic hot-carrier generation by utilizing the developed methods. These aims were achieved in the project and the developed understanding and methods form a basis for further explorations of atomic-scale contributions.
In the project, computational first-principles methods and tools were developed for analyzing the atomic-scale distribution of plasmon-generated hot carriers. The results obtained with the developed tools suggest that the distribution of hot-carriers can vary significantly at the atomic scale. In the analyzed prototypical noble metal nanoparticles, surface sites exhibit enhanced hot-electron generation in comparison to the nanoparticle as a whole, which is emphasized for high-energy hot electrons as their energetic distributions vary substantially between different atomic sites.
Multicomponent systems that combine plasmonic metals with catalytic materials are of particular interest for applications in plasmonic catalysis. The plasmonic responses of such multicomponent nanosystems were analyzed in collaborative projects from two different viewpoints. First, a multiscale approach was applied for large nanoparticles allowing comparing calculated results with experimental data. Second, an atomic-level description was applied for atomic clusters providing estimates for the effect of individual atoms on the response of clusters. Together, these results form a strong foundation for analyzing plasmonic hot-carrier generation in realistic multicomponent nanoparticles.
To approach plasmonic catalysis, hybrid systems composed of metal nanoparticles and molecules adsorbed on them were analyzed. When the plasmon resonance in the nanoparticle and the molecular excitation overlap and couple strongly, the hybrid system exhibits distinct polaritonic excitations. Such strong plasmon-molecule coupling was modeled during the project, demonstrating the description of the formation of strongly coupled excitations through first-principles calculations. Direct hot-carrier generation on an adsorbate molecule was also analyzed within the supervision training activities of the project.
The research was carried out according to FAIR principles. The results of the project are published in high-profile scientific journals and are openly accessible. The generated data are also publicly available as open-access data sets. The developed codes for performing the analysis and reproducing the data have also been released as open-source software. The results were also presented in international conferences, but the COVID-19 pandemic changed many of the initial conference plans.
The project produced results beyond the state of the art in the field of plasmonic catalysis by analyzing the importance of atomic-scale effects on plasmonic hot-carrier generation. These results have potential impact for optimizing plasmonic catalytic processes for utilizing renewable solar energy or improving industrial catalytic processes. The potential impact of the project is amplified by the open-source publication of the developed methods and tools, accelerating their subsequent application to further in-depth explorations of atomic-scale effects on plasmonic hot-carrier generation beyond the scope and duration of this project. In addition, the openness of the performed research has a general societal impact by contributing to equal opportunities for practising science and utilizing scientific results.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Being a leader in any organization is no joke comes with many sacrifices ad responsibilities. A leader in a health related job requires a lot of experience. The reason here is that the challenges that one encounters in a health related field are quite different from challenges from other quotas. The points below will guide you on how you can gain more leadership experience from a health-related job.
The challenges in a health related job are numerous, and it is often required to be on call 24 hours a day. A person who has worked in a health related job will know what it means to attend to a client even at odd hours. The experience gained here is that of sacrificing for the sake of attending to others. This continues to be a requirement when taking on more leadership roles.
A person who has worked in a health related job will tell you that to be a successful medical practitioner; you must pay attention to details. Failure to pay attention to details may mean one is given a wrong diagnosis, and this may jeopardize the life of a patient. The experience gained here is that a leader should be careful about the decisions he makes as they may affect other employees and the organization negatively if care is not taken.
A person who works in a health related field must be time-conscious. If one delays in attending to a patient at the required time, it may lead to health complications for the patient. Good medical practitioners are those who attend to clients at the required time without fail. The experience gained in this aspect and can be used in other fields is that attending to customers promptly is essential for the success of an organization. If customers are kept waiting, they may decide to get what they want from your competitor.
While experience is important, it certainly can't replace education. Health-related jobs require you to have in-depth information on the particular subject at hand. It is a very technical area that requires you to be very educated with all the ropes in the field.. An online master's in nursing is required to work in positions with more leadership.
You need to have an internship at an approved health facility before being approved to become a health professional in many cases. This internship happens under the watchful eyes of other experienced health professionals who teach you all the ropes required in this field. This is very important in nurturing one into a great leader in future.
Working with different people in your day to day life helps in improving the social life of an individual. You learn to relate with different types of people and learn how to handle them even at their worst. This is a very important leadership skill, especially in healthcare.
Working in healthcare can be very rewarding, and there are plenty of opportunities for leadership roles in this field. These tips can help you to reach your career goals and make a difference.


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NEWS: PUTUMAYO WORLD MUSIC "Guaranteed to make you feel good"
We are very pleased to announce that Putumayo Kids will be part of the 2010 Vancouver International Children's Festival! North America's most renowned performing arts festival for young audiences presents the world's finest theatre, music, dance, acrobatics, puppetry and storytelling, as well as hands-on activities for all ages.
The Festival will welcome more than 50,000 visitors, families with children ages 3-12, along with school groups grades K-7, to Vancouver's Vanier Park for one exciting week, May 17-24, 2010. Artist Jay Mankita's featured on Putumayo Kids' album Picnic Playground will be performing 3 days at the Festival. Jay Mankita is a guitarist, singer and songwriter from Massachusetts. He drives a van that runs on recycled vegetable oil and has recorded 6 CDs, including one entirely about food. He has performed many fun and educational shows about food for children.
Jay Mankita will be performing on the Coast Capital Savings Bandshell on the holiday weekend:
Saturday, May 22: 12:00pm, 2:30pm, 5:00pm
Sunday, May 23: 11:45pm, 1:00pm, 4:15pm
Monday, May 24: 12:30pm, 3:00pm
For further details about the Vancouver International Children's Festival, you can check: www.childrensfestival.ca
Please let us know if you plan on listing this Kids event or review some of Putumayo Kids albums in your publication; our recent titles include Picnic Playground (perfect title for the summer) and Jazz Playground (which just won the very prestigious Parents' Choice Gold Award!) For more information about Putumayo Kids, please visit: www.putumayo.com
Tickets are priced at $20 adults and $18 Youth (under 24 Months for free) for 5 acts. We have one change in our line-up, however, from the published brochure. Our hosts are improv company Dufflebag Theatre, and the show features the National Acrobats of Taiwan, Charlotte Diamond, Ache Brasil, and now added to the show is Jamie Adkins and his one man show Circus Incognitus. Lot's of gravity-defying fun!
The Vancouver International Children's Festival has a new web site. This year you can look at either specific show pages, or daily schedules, and see which shows are sold out. In fact, many of our shows Monday through Thursday are already sold out, with many school groups in attendance. If you have preschoolers, they may be too young to sit through shows, and better suited to enjoying our Preschool Pavilion and other activities – admission to enjoy all the activities, storytelling tent, Gotta Dance! tent and our Bandshell is just $10 per person (under 24 months for free). You can also see which shows have tickets remaining to get your tickets in advance. On the daily schedule you can also now see the line-up for the Bandshell, Gotta Dance! and storytelling tent.
Alice in Wonderland by Theatre Tout a Trac
Ache Brasil
Here are Surrey kids Matt (L) and Sevrin (R) who are teaching Hip Hop and Break on Sunday, May 23 11am – 1:30pm in the Gotta Dance! tent
If you're new to the festival, weekday hours are close to school hours (hosting field trips from many metro schools), with most mainstage shows at 10:30 and 12:30. Buy a show ticket, and that includes your site admission and lots of fun festival activities that run to 3pm on weekdays. Site-only admission is $10, and shows are $16 (with the exception of our Saturday evening festival Variety Show, at $20 adults and $18 for youth 2-18 years old).
A wealth of theatre shows find fun new ways to tell familiar stories. Based on the well-known book by Robert Munsch and Michael Kusugak – both of whom have performed at our Festival – the Inuit story A Promise is a Promise (ages 5+) is brought to life by Rag & Bone Puppet Theatre. A quick-paced and slightly off-kilter adaptation of Lewis Carroll's classic Alice in Wonderland (ages 6-10) sparks the imagination in a set that resembles a pop-up book, by Quebec's Théâtre Tout à Trac. More info and dates.
Vancouver's Axis Theatre brings King Arthur's Kitchen (ages 5-12). Amidst the hustle and bustle of Camelot's basement kitchen, the cook regales his two assistants with stories and songs of how young Arthur became king. Using kitchen utensils to represent objects and symbols from Arthur's legendary feats, the adventures begin, complete with great feats of daring, damsels in distress and good food! Dufflebag Theatre presents an improv Peter Pan (5+), and Matthias Kuchta is back from Germany, telling the story of The Princess and the Pea (ages 4-8) with near life-sized puppets. More info and dates
Kellie Haines Ventriloquist
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There are new stories to tell through Kellie Haines and her puppet friends Kamilla the frog and Magrau the bird as they embark on a journey into outer space in A Space to Play (ages 3-7). More info and dates.
On the weekends hours are extended, with more activities, and the Saturday evening Variety Show at 6:30 hosted by Dufflebag Theatre, with performances by Charlotte Diamond, Aché Brasil (masters of capoeira, who you might have seen mentoring their young members in city parks), the African rhythms of Joie d'Afrique, and the incredible National Acrobats of Taiwan. It's a long weekend, so the fun continues through Sunday (10:30-5) and the holiday Monday (10:30-4).
If you come on the weekend with kids of various ages, look for all-ages shows (the Taiwan Acrobats, Michel Lauziere, Aché Brasil, Joie d'Afrique) or shows which identify a minimum age (Circus Incognitus 7+, Dancing our Stories 7+, A Promise is a Promise 5+, and the improv Peter Pan at 5+). Parents and kids will enjoy the entertainment on the free-with-admission Coast Capital Bandshell stage with singer-songwriter (and environmental activist) Jay Mankita, and many local adult and student entertainers.
SUPPORT THE FESTIVAL The Vancouver International Children's Festival is produced by Vancouver International Children's Festival Society (VICFS), a non-profit society, charitable registration no. 11883 3532 RR0001.
402 – 873 Beatty Street
Visit www.childrensfestival.ca for all the details and info on tickets.
The GIRL with the DRAGON...
Contemporary World Cinema y...
published in / kreative finds / KIDS


It is starting to become apparent to even the most disinterested observer that something much bigger than even a worldwide recession is happening. The seeds of revolution have taken root. Iceland led the way by taking to the streets to force regime change through peaceful demonstration. The French are currently protesting en masse against their government's bailout of the banking system. One would be naïve to think that these are isolated incidents. It is apparent that these are just early warning signs of a worldwide cauldron that is about to boil over, catalyzed by the financial and economic cataclysm that will plunge untold millions into poverty and desperation.
While I applaud the peaceful demonstrations going on in France and Iceland, I also recognize that they are premature. As did Americans in the last election cycle, these Europeans are demanding "change." However, also like Americans in the last election cycle, they have failed to first answer the crucial questions, "From what? To what?" They have not looked within to assess who they are, what their society is, and what they want it to be. Therefore, they run the risk of simply replacing one oppressive tyranny for another.
Likewise, we will never regain our freedom in America until we address the fundamental problem in our society. I say "the problem," because at the root of all of what we perceive as a myriad of problems, including the police state, the welfare state, the warfare state, the military industrial complex, the Wall Street oligopoly, the high cost of healthcare and education – everything – there is one philosophical problem that ultimately leads to them all: the repudiation of property rights.
It is likely difficult for most 21st century Americans to absorb this statement, based upon the fact that they have been told now for generations that property is about greed, that accumulating property is oppression, or even that "property is theft." However, let us look back at the philosophers who inspired our founders and see what they have to say about property. Of course, as I have written here, the primary philosophical basis for the American Revolution came from Locke. What did Locke have to say about the purpose of government?
Certainly this statement must be startling to most 21st century Americans, who believe that they are supposed to look to their government to fight unemployment, manage the economy, ensure access to healthcare, promote democracy abroad, and pursue a myriad of other ends outside of protecting property. Surely, Locke has over-emphasized property rights here, has he not? Certainly he is alone in his simplistic assessment of the role of government, is he not?
The conditioned response of Americans today is to view these ideas as a defense of one class of people at the expense of another. We have been trained to associate "property" as a concern of the "property class," or in more common American terms, "the haves," as opposed to the "have nots." This is a great deception that has lead directly to our ruin. In fact, it is the poor and those of modest means for whom property rights are most important. It is they who, not possessing significant material wealth, must all the more jealously guard the property that they do have. In the end, however, we are all property owners when one considers the most fundamental, most important property of all: our labor itself.
We learn from Locke that all property has its roots in labor. In order to survive, man must work to produce the means of his survival. This is true for people no matter what their financial circumstances. The doctor, the lawyer, the construction worker, the janitor – yes, even the Wall Street financier – must sell his efforts to his fellow man in order to acquire the means of his survival. Therefore, whoever has control over the individual's labor has control over the individual's life, and control over the individual's future. If I steal all of your possessions, you can acquire more. However, if I appropriate your labor, I own all of the property you can ever or will ever acquire. This is an undeniable reality that we have lost sight of, to our peril.
America was founded upon the idea that each individual had an unqualified right to the fruits of his labor. This more than anything was what the founders meant when they spoke the word "liberty." It was the extent to which this right was respected that made America different than every other society in history, before or since. This was the great secret that made America the engine of prosperity and innovation that it was. This is what made America the land of opportunity to change one's lot in life. It was this right that gave birth to the American dream.
However, we no longer hold this right up above all others. Instead, we have become a society that is based upon competing groups seeking to plunder each other via the force of government. The rich plunder their neighbors with corporate bailouts, subsidies, and regulatory fascism. The middle class plunder their neighbors with Social Security, Medicare, and criminal unions. The poor are forced to accept legal plunder that they do not want and which provides them with the most miserable quality of life, when the stolen capital that underwrites it could employ them all if it weren't seized from its rightful owners. Of course, these examples are only the tip of the iceberg; there is much, much more. Virtually every political movement in America is based upon a promise to provide its followers with other people's property.
This vision of Bastiat's has become reality in America. However, it cannot go on forever. Fortunately for humanity, a society based upon legal plunder is ultimately unsustainable. Just as respect for property rights provides the means to prosperity, violation of them leads to poverty and want. As force replaces voluntary exchange, productivity decreases, and subsequently more force is required to plunder even more. This cycle repeats until society is reduced to an authoritarian nightmare, the first signs of which are becoming apparent in the former "land of the free." If the people wake up, the nightmare can end. If they continue to slumber, the nightmare can get much, much worse.
This is the great truth that we must rediscover before any revolution can be successful. Before we commit to "change," we must answer the questions, "From what? To What?" The answers to those questions must be "from a nation of looters to a nation of free individuals who acquire property in the only civilized manner: via voluntary exchange." We must reject the use of force as the means to pursue our happiness, and renew our faith in freedom. Once this great work has been accomplished, let the revolution begin.
 "Individuals" who were included in the system. Of course, the founders recognized but did not remedy the obvious contradiction to this inherent in slavery.


A glorious Red Inn Provincetown wedding featuring two stylish and sweet grooms from LA, coordination by Bernadette at 14 Stories – the east coast's premier gay wedding planner, and an amazing performance by the Boston Circus Guild with acrobats dressed as sailors – perfect for this seaside celebration.
I absolutely adore these two, and everything about their amazing Red Inn Provincetown wedding! Richard and Steven got ready, married, and partied without leaving this delightful venue on the eastern tip of Provincetown – apart from a five minute stroll to the breakwater for some couples portraits. The rest of the day we had the run of the Inn, and it was a delight watching these two handsome, smart, and very sweet grooms and their family and friends that came to celebrate them in style. And style they had in bucketloads – this LA-living couple knows the movers and shakers of Hollywood, thanks to Steven's job as a talent agent.
Steven kindly answered some questions for me about their wedding – and I agree with him that Bernadette of 14 Stories is an absolute gem. She also came up with the idea of circus acrobats (in sailor costumes – of course) for the post dinner entertainment. I cannot recommend her, or the Boston Circus Guild, highly enough! Thank you to Sharon Reiley for second shooting with me, and for taking some of the photos above.
How/why did you choose your wedding venue, The Red Inn, Provincetown?
Provincetown is one of our favorite places in the world! We go there every Labor Day and have dinner at The Red Inn. The year we got engaged, we took our friends there to celebrate with martinis and dinner. We couldn't think of anywhere else that meant more to both of us, so that's why we chose to get married there.
Why did you choose Kate to be your wedding photographer?
Our wedding planner, Bernadette Smith, introduced us and we fell in love with her over the phone. 🙂 And needless to say, her work is AMAZING.
What were some of your favorite wedding day moments? Did you cry?
Did we cry? We couldn't stop! I started crying even before the ceremony when I saw the cake and the dining room and the table settings – all the months of planning had paid off and everything was so beautifully and perfectly put together. Richard laughed and said 'oh boy, is this how the day is going to go?' Then during the ceremony, we asked that our guests not take pictures or videos with their phones so everyone could be present with us…well, it was overwhelming! Walking down the aisle and then turning around to see everyone and feel the love in the room…it was a priceless moment that we will never forget. And of course, we cried during our vows…and looking at the pictures, I think most people were laughing and crying through it all too.
I think what we will remember best about our wedding day is the JOY of everyone there. Beyond all of the fancy stuff, we were surrounded by the love of our family and closest friends celebrating the best day of our lives. And then we danced and danced and danced!!
We loved our gold nautical 'knot' theme…it worked perfectly with our Cape Cod wedding. We used it in everything: our invitations, aisle runner, menu cards, napkins, and welcome tote bags. We found compasses to double as place cards and wedding favors with each guest's name calligraphed inside. We used the hand painted portion of our runner as our sign-in board. We had flip flops for guests to wear as dancing shoes and wraps for the women if they got cold. And our wedding cake had edible gold sequins on it!
Did any of your vendors go above and beyond for you?
Our wedding planner, Bernadette Smith, was spectacular! She was so organized and efficient and kept everything effortlessly on schedule. After the wedding, everyone commented on how flawless it was!
Anything else you'd like to share, or any tips for couples currently planning their wedding?
Our best decision was hiring an amazing wedding planner. We trusted her with everything and that allowed us to enjoy every single moment. Even if it seems like a lot of money, it's worth the investment and the payoff is a perfect day!
What's up next for you as a couple?
For our honeymoon, we went to Capri and the Amalfi Coast…and it was a dream come true. I cried in Positano sitting at a champagne & oyster bar at night looking at the ocean and the lit up hillside…it was truly magical!
Thank you Steven and Richard for trusting me to document your amazing Red Inn Provincetown wedding! I loved working with you both.
Ceremony The Red Inn, Provincetown, MA ~ Reception The Red Inn, Provincetown, MA ~ Florist New Leaf Flores ~ Band/DJ DJ Addamm Rae Wolf ~ Ceremony Musicians Riverview Chamber Players - string quartet ~ Officiant Keiza Bacon ~ Caterer The Red Inn ~ Cake or Dessert Baker DessertWorks ~ Stationery/Paper Goods Vera Wang for our invitations. And a graphic designer friend for menus, napkins, signs, and cards. ~ Lighting SociaLight ~ Transportation Mayflower Trolley to pick up our guests ~ Wedding Coordinator Bernadette Smith at 14 Stories ~ Videographer Brian Johnson at With This Ring ~ Additional Vendors Boston Circus Guild for our incredible acrobats!


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Audrey Rosenberg's Authentic Storytelling
Audrey Rosenberg has a long list of impressive credits in film and television. To name just a few, she co-founded Invisible Pictures, where she was a producer on Bull, which premiered in the Uncertain Regard section of Cannes 2019; and is an executive producer on the Topic.com premiere digital series Soul City. Rosenberg was Emmy-nominated as executive producer along with Steven Soderbergh on the HBO documentary, His Way; executive producer on the Emmy- winning HBO documentary By the People: The Election of Barack Obama, produced with Edward Norton. She was part of the producing team with Christine Vachon on Douglas McGrath's Infamous, starring Sandra Bullock, Daniel Craig, and Toby Jones. She produced Sean Gullette's award-winning feature, Traitors, which premiered at the Venice Film Festival, and had its North America premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival. A member of New York Women in Film and Television and the Producer's Guild of America, Rosenberg is also on the board of Zimbabwe based organization The Soft Foot Alliance. She co-executive produced Dawn Porter's Trapped, which won a special jury prize at Sundance for social impact filmmaking and was consulting producer in charge of the U.S. strategy for Raoul Peck's Academy-Award nominated film I Am Not Your Negro. Her most recent film is the HBO documentary Katrina's Babies, which has been well-received on the festival circuit. I recently spoke with her via email about this latest project and about her career in general. Here is our conversation.
Digital Cinema Report: You have had a long, successful, and varied career in film and television and show no signs of slowing down. You've worked as a location coordinator, writer, producer and even actress. What drew you to the film business and which one of all those roles has been a particular favorite?
Audrey Rosenberg: I was drawn to the film and TV business by way of theatre and since I was 15 and read James Baldwin always through the lens of using the work as a vehicle for social change. I trained as an actor for years while also building my producing career. I am motivated by content and relationships and the alchemical magic involved in making art with other people and sharing it with audiences. For me, there has been value in all the roles I have tried on in the business. I think it's important to learn as much as possible about what those around you do, especially as a producer, to better create a positive, inspiring, and safe working environment. I suppose up until this moment, producing suited me best and it has been a wild ride.
DCR: In 2017, you were one of the founding Invisible Pictures in 2017. What prompted you to start that company and what were its initial goals?
AR: I had been a freelance producer in New York for around 20 years and I reached a crossroads of contemplation about getting a job and serving someone else's vision or whether to finally build a company incorporating my vision, values, and goals. I made the decision to start a company, then partnered and we created a combined vision for the company. The mission of Invisible Pictures was around authentic representation wherein people with lived experience are at the center of their own stories. We understood the importance of being a company that created space for people and stories that had historically been made invisible to now be made visible through film, TV, documentary, and short form projects. I am proud of the work we produced at Invisible, including the Cannes premiering 2019 feature Bull, the award-winning series for Topic Soul City with Jeen-Yuhs: A Kanye Trilogy directors Coodie & Chike, the Sony released feature Long Weekend and the HBO documentary film Katrina Babies for which I lead produced and was also a credited writer.
DCR: At least for a while longer, this seems to be a mandatory question: how did the pandemic affect your business?
AR: The pandemic certainly impacted the workaholic lifestyle and insane pace I was keeping up prior to covid hitting. I do not travel nearly as much as I did before, and the pandemic provided some really important space for me to reevaluate my relationship to work. It helped me get clear about my priorities. What I was doing before was not sustainable or healthy. We are living in such a turbulent, high stakes time and the realization that bringing peace to my own energy and focusing on using as many moments as possible for healing in the world has been a gift of the pandemic.
DCR: Your latest film is the documentary Katrina Babies, which played at the Tribeca Film Festival and is now available on HBO. How did you and filmmaker Edward Buckles, Jr. connect and what was your motivation for taking on this film?
AR: I am so incredibly proud of this film and the reception we are getting from the press and from audiences across the board. We spent years cultivating the authenticity of the film and making sure to represent Edward's story, the young people, and the city with clarity and with intention, so it is heartening to see that we succeeded on all of those levels.
I met Edward Buckles, Jr. through his mentors Coodie & Chike who are executive producers on the film. We were in New Orleans, (both Chike and Edward's hometown) making a series for Topic called Soul City. Edward was an incredible ambassador to the city and became a fast friend. One night when we were out at a restaurant in the ninth ward (that would never have existed before Katrina), Buck told me about Katrina Babies, showed me footage of a former student and "Katrina Baby" Calvin Baxter, and shared his directing dream of premiering on HBO. The footage moved me to tears. I immediately said yes to producing the film. I just knew I had to. These people deserved to give voice to their unaddressed trauma and to finally be seen and valued as survivors and as the incredible human beings they are today. It was clear to me that Edward was the person to tell this story as a true insider with the trust of his family and his community and that there was much to learn about the double-edged sword of resilience and the larger issues of neglect and unhealed wounds caused by racism in America. New Orleans is a Black city, and I was blessed to experience it through the eyes of locals like Chike and Edward and their families and friends. While the spirit of the Katrina Babies and the city cannot be broken, there is still so much healing needed. The film is an opening for that healing to begin and I am privileged to have been trusted by Edward and the team to lead us to broadcast and beyond.
DCR: You're on the board of New York Women in Film &Television. For you, what is the value of the association and what do you tell people who are considering joining?
AR: I am proud to sit on the board of New York Women in Film & Television and work alongside my incredible fellow board members, the phenomenal staff and the powerhouse that is our Executive Director, Cynthia Lopez. I will use our vision statement as one of the main inspirations for my involvement in the organization which is: Equity for all women in media and entertainment to better reflect our world and transform our culture. For people considering joining NYWIFT, we connect, educate and advocate for all of our members and the programming, networking, and opportunities for mentorship are abundant. If you are considering joining, I would say DO IT, and be part of the truly powerful, unique energy of the magic and spirit of New York coupled with the feminine power needed to heal the world. How's that for a reason?
DCR: What's next for you and what are some of the projects you have in the pipeline now?
AR: There is still much work to do, and I remain focused on the goals of authentic storytelling and representation, social justice, and the power of storytelling to raise consciousness and promote healing in the world. I am strongly considering directing and doing some writing. It's time for me to share my voice and vision more directly and more publicly. On the producing side of things, I have a film with the amazing people at One Community, a big, fun, female comedy about sexual pleasure, a film written and to be directed by Lydia Dean Pilcher based on the book Songs of the Gorilla Nation, a TV series written by Dominique Morriseau with showrunner Krista Vernoff and inspired by the work and books of Saru Jayaraman, to name a few.
New York Women in Film & Television
Independent Filmmakers


Sharing the peace, joy, and fellowship.
The Annual December Cookie Sale was a success! 157 pounds of holiday treats were donated. Here are some photos of delicious cookies, happy helpers and satisfied customers.
The Annual Fall Apple Pie Sale photos display the great teamwork and fun that men and women have at St. Paul Lutheran.
Erntedankfest - Packing up the many beautiful quilts the Women's Ministry has generously donated their time and talents to create.
Easter is the earthquake that shakes the world.
Easter is not about us. Easter is about God.
On Easter, man did all he could to Jesus. On Easter, God did all he could for Jesus.
Through the eyes of our youth.


text:
Hoveri var en ydelse i form af arbejdsdage, som en fæster (fæstebonde eller husmand) skulle udføre på eller for det gods, hans gård tilhørte som led i årlig modydelse. Foruden hoveri skulle ydes landgilde. Forholdet mellem disse to ydelser varierede fra herregård til herregård og over tid.

Baggrund
Herregårde var godser, der bestod af to dele: dels selv herregården med tilhørende dyrkede agre, dels gods i form af fæstegårde og -huse, hvis fæstere eller lejere skulle gøre modydelser for at fæste deres ejendom. Godserne lod sig inddele i to arketyper: Grundherrschaft og Gutsherrschaft. Grundherrschaft eller rentengrundherrschaft betegner en driftsmåde, hvor hovedgårdens jorder er begrænsede, og godsejeren derfor lægger mest vægt på modtagelsen af faste årlige ydelser i landgilde form af naturalier fx en del afgrøder, husdyr eller andet. Denne driftsmåde modsvarer mest driftsforholdene forud for fæsteforholdets indgåelse, idet driften af den enkelte gård eller det enkelte hus med jord tillægges vægt. Fordelen ved dette er, at godsejeren på forhånd kan forvente at modtage bestemte ydelser i naturalier hvert år. Gutsherrschaft betegner en driftsmåde, hvor hovedvægten lægges på hovedgårdens egen jord, som helt eller overvejende drives ved arbejde udøvet af fæstere, det vil sige hoveri. Denne form kunne opfattes som en fordel i perioder med højkonjunkturer, hvor prisstigninger på korn eller dyr ville tilfalde godsejeren ved salg frem for fæsteren. Formelt betegner de to navne hver sin ekstreme driftsmåde, i praksis var der tale om blandinger med større eller mindre vægt på det ene eller andet.

Typer af hoveri
Det hoveri, der blev udøvet, var forskellige kratakter. Men skelnede mellem følgende typer:
 spanddage, hvor fæsteren stillede med heste og vogn.
 pløjedage, hvor der krævedes plov og trækdyr.
 gangdage, hvor det var tilstrækkeligt, at en person mødte op – det kunne også være en karl fra fæstegården.
 ægtkørsel – der var pligtkørsel, der ofte gik på omgang blandt fæsterne og var afhængig af de lokale transportbehov. Ægtkørsel kunne også udskrives af kongen, de såkaldte fadebursægter.
 Hovspind

Historie

Middelalder
Hoveriets oprindelse fortaber sig i historien. Der kan peges på visse forhold som mulig ophav til den senere udvikling af hoveriet som en fæsteydelse. Helt tilbage fra vikingetid og tidligste middelalder gjaldt den praksis, at Kronen kunne forvente, at rigets bønder havde pligt til leding, det vil sige deltagelse i rigets forsvar, og denne pligt blev hurtigt konverteret til forpligtelse også til at deltage ved opførelse af befæstninger til rigets forsvar (fx opførelsen af Dannevirke) samt til at yde kongen og hoffet husly eller nathold, når han rejste rundt i landet for at sikre fred og retfærdighed. Med rødder i vikingetiden var også bestemmelser, der senere blev nedfældet i blandt andet Jyske Lov, og hvorefter storbønder med flere gårde kunne lade (nogle af) disse drive ved bryder, som reelt var storbondens opsynsmand, og hvor landboere drev deres gård for egen regning, mens en fællesbryde betalte en vis fast andel af driftens overskud til gårdejeren (det vil sige landgilde), og en bryde egentlig kun var jordejerens lønnede arbejdskraft. Efterhånden blev skellet mellem disse udgangspunkter udvisket. Således bestemte Svend Grathe i forbindelse med overdragelse af halvdelen af Ringsteds agre til klosteret i byen, at dette også omfattede "høstarbejder, kaldet dagsværker", det vil sige at en hoveriydelse. Udviklingen gik i retning af, at brydegårde ofte omfattede et antal småbrug, gårdsæder og landbostavne, som var mere eller mindre fri for landgilde mod til gengæld at yde hoveriarbejde på brydegårdens jord og dermed bidrage til dennes drift. Allerede i 1200-tallet anden halvdel synes skellet mellem bryde- og landbogårdsdrift at forsvinde, og omkring år 1300 var herremændenes jord som helhed blevet skattefri uanset på hvilket måde, den i praksis blev drevet. Skattefriheden var noget, som kunne motivere godsejere til at holde mest mulig driftsjord under hovedgården.

Under kong Valdemar Atterdag blev kronens ret til hoveri udnyttet til sin grænse. I 1355 bestemte kongen, at alle fæstebønder skulle yde kongen to ugers arbejde vinter og sommer på egen bekostning. Disse vilkår fik et oprør til at bryde ud i Jylland. Under efterfølgeren kong Oluf blev det i denne håndfæstning bestemt, at bønderne kun skulle yde hoveri til Kronen med adelens samtykke, men gennem hele middelalderen fortsatte kampen om omfanget af dette hoveri.

Renæssance
I renæssancen kom hoveriet i fastere former. Mange godsejere mageskiftede, det vil sige byttede gårde for at opnå, at flest mulige af godsets fæstegårde lå i nærheden af hovedgården, hvorved mulighederne for hoveri blev fremmet, idet transporten til og fra hovedgårdens marker blev formidskede. Især efter år 1600 synes adelen bevidst at have gået efter denne godssamling omkring hovedgården, idet bønder bosatte i samme sogn hvor hovegården lå kunne få status som "ugedagsmænd", der var fritagne for betaling af ekstraskatter. Men allerede i anden halvdel af 1500-tallet kan konstateres, at godsejerne synes at have tilstræbt en forøgelse af hoveriet, endda mod selvejerbønder, og ved en afgørelse den 10. juni 1608 fastslog kongen og rigsrådet på grundlag af Koldingske Reces af 1558 § 34, der fastslog at enhver adelsmand havde ret til at "gøre sit gods så nyttigt, som han kan", at adelen havde ret til denne udvidelse af hoveriet, og den af bønderne fremsatte klage blev afvist. Denne afgørelse blev stadfæstet ved en ny rettertingsdom den 11. juni 1613.

Skønt Christian IV således havde givet adelen medhold i dens rettigheder til hoveri, betød dette ikke, at han støttede denne ordning, tværtimod. Den 5. april 1623 indledte han bestræbelser gående ud på, at kronbøndernes pligt til at yde ægter, det vil sige transporter for Kronen, rigsråder og lensmænd skulle afskaffes og erstattes af en fast årlig pengeafgift. Bestræbelserne mislykkedes dog i første omgang, fordi bønderne erklærede, at de ikke var i stand til at yde større betalinger, end de allerede gjorde. Et nyt forsøg blev gjort den 10. januar 1624, da lensmanden på Roskildegård og Ringsted Kloster blev pålagt at inddele Kronens bønder i to grupper: den ene omfattende de omkring 60 bønder, der boede nærmest hovedgården, som fremover skulle forestå ladegårdens avl, fragte brænde og køre fogeden rundt i lenet, mens der skulle forhandles med alle øvrige om afløsning af alle ægter og alt hoveri i fredstid, dog undtagen fragter til salpeterladerne. Den 21. april 1624 skrev kongen til en række lensmænd og pålagde dem på lignende måde at inddele bønderne i dem, som skulle forestå ægter og hoveri, og resten, som skulle fritages for dette men betale arbejdspenge på 1 rigsdaler pr. pund landgilde-hartkorn svarende til ¼ rigsdaler pr tønde hartkorn, mens gadehusmænd skulle betale 1 rigsdaler. Sådan gik det ikke. I stedet blev bønderne flere steder enige om at dele hoveriarbejdet og betalingen af arbejdspenge. I praksis betød det, at hoveriet fortsatte. Kun i Københavns Len lykkedes det at gennemføre en ordning, hvorved hoveriet blev afløst af en årlig betaling på 6 rigsdaler pr. gård, i 1625 nedsat til 5 rigsdaler pr. gård.

Den ældre enevælde
Karl Gustav-krigene 1658-1660 medførte omfattende ødelæggelser og dødsfald som følge af krigsbegivenheder og sygdom, hvilket kunne have betydet kronisk mangel på arbejdskraft, men godserne klarede sig i kraft af den veludviklede hoveriordning.

Karakteristisk var, at hoveriets faktisk udstrækning aldrig blev specificeret. I stedet anvendtes bredere formulering som, at fæsteren skulle yde hoveri som sine naboer. Både gårdmænd og husmænd var omfattede af hoveri. De kunne blive pålagt årligt at "kline og udspække husene i tiden mellem forårssåning og høhøst, reparere båsene, inden kvæget kom på stald, sørge for bindsler m.v." Desuden kunne de pålægges transporter, fx at køre korn til hovedstaden samt fragte brænde og tømmer fra skove til ejer og forpagter. Hoveriet blev som regel fastlagt som "halv- eller helgårds hoveri", hvilket førte til, at de fleste småbrug (gårdsæder) efterhånden forsvandt. Det menes, at "uden tvivl voksede hoveriet betydeligt i perioden 1660-1720, nye hovedgårde opstod, og selv om andre, især af de mindre, blev nedlagt, udvidedes hovedgårdenes samlede tilliggender stærkt i tiden fra enevældens indførelse til 1730."

Husmænd ydede oprindeligt overvejende deres hoveri in natura som ugedage, men udviklingen gik efterhånden til dels i retning af pengeafløsning, hvis der kun var begrænsede behov for hoveri. Disse afgifter steg efterhånden. Ved ryttergodsomlægningen i 1715-20 var den gennemsnitlige afgift 3½ rigsdaler men kunne variere fra egn til egn. Især i Jylland var afgiften mindre. I første omgang skete der ikke nogen stigning i antallet af ugedagshusmænd, hvilket hang sammen med, at husmandshoveriet kun var et supplement til hoveri udøvet af gårdmænd. Det blev fortrinsvis udøvet på områder som havearbejde, hjælp i laden med tærskning, fodring af kreaturer, fragt af breve, drift med stude, svin eller får til købstæder eller markeder.

Til belysning af hoveriets omfang kan nævnes, at fæsteren af en gård på knapt 4 tønder hartkorn på Nandrup Gods på Mors i 1734 skulle udføre følgende hoveriarbejder: pløje, så og harve 2 tønder havreland, vinterpløje 2 tønder alsæd, age møg 1 dag, slå hø 1 dag, age hø 1 dag, høste korn 1 dag, age korn 1 dag, endvidere 2 grave og transportere læs hedetørv samt deltage i tørveskær i mosen 1 dag.

Det var ikke altid, at hoveriet blev ydet godvilligt, og i sådanne tilfælde kunne opsætsige bønder og husmænd straffes "enten med krabask på ryggen, træhesten eller [hunde]hullet og efter loven, som forseelsen er til", dog at "gårdmænd og gamle forskånes for hug og slag, lemmerlæster eller skade på deres helbred". Forsømmelighed under hoveriarbejde kunne straffes ved at pålægge synderen to dages arbejde i stedet for en.

Hoverispørgsmålet under landboreformerne
Under landboreformerne kom også spørgsmålet om hoveriets fremtid til debat. Allerede i et cirkulære af 30. april 1768 sendt til godsejere og stedlige myndigheder blev der spurgt om, hvorledes man stillede sig til hoveriets eventuelle afskaffelse in natura. Et udbredt svar var, at en afskaffelse af hoveriet ikke lod sig gennemføre, men samtidig blev der peget på mulige indskrænkninger i ydelser fx brændekørsel, fårepasning, rensning af fiskedamme og brobygning. Den 6. maj 1769 blev udstedt en forordning om hoveriets bestemmelse. Forordningen lagde op til at sikre, at hoveri fremover skulle ske i henhold til et reglement, der blandt fastlagde tidsgrænser og hvilepauser. Hvis der ikke blev udført hoveri en uge, måtte de manglende dage ikke overføres til andre uger. Der blev lagt op til frivillige indskrænkninger i hoveriet. I praksis synes forordningens betydning dog at have været begrænset. Den 20 februar 1771 kom "Nærmere anordning om bestemmelse af hoveriets eller bondens arbejde for husbonden i Danmark", der bestemte, at hoveri fremover skulle ydes i henhold til gårdenes hartkorn således, at en gård på 6 tønder hartkorn højst måtte yde 48 spanddage og 96 gangdage om året, og alle hidtidige hoveriaftaler skulle reguleres op og ned i henhold til denne norm. Heller ikke denne forordning synes at have haft den store voirkning. Den 12. marts 1773 kom "nøjere bestemmelse af hoveriet for fæstebonden udi Danmark", der bestemte, at hoveriet skulle forrettes efter det, som stod i fæstebrevet, det vil sige i praksis uden statens indgriben eller regulering.

Spørgsmålet blev taget op både af Den Lille Landbokommission og Den Store Landbokommission. Den Lille Landbokommission havde til formål at udskifte Kronens godser i det nordøstlige Sjælland. Endvidere fik Landbokommissionen gennemført arvefæste, hvorved bønderne de facto blev fritaget for hoveri.

I Den Store Landbokommission blev Johan Ludvig Reventlow den første til at forsøge et udspil, en betænkning dateret den 11. februar 1788. Hans udspil tog udgangspunkt i hoveriets omfang i 1771, da en forordning af 20. februar dette år udtrykkeligt havde bestemt, at hoveriet i fremtiden ikke måtte forøges. Imidlertid havde en ny forordning fra 1773 ophævet den tidligere forordnings bestemmelser.

I sin betænkning vender Reventlow sig især imod "ubestemt" hoveri, som han anså som skadelig. I betænkningen gennemgår han forskellige hoveriydelser og deres betydning, spørgsmål om hoveriforseelser og godsejernes mulighed for at fjerne besværlige bønder fra gårdene, og han erklærer det som et mål at få en ny hoverianordning, der skulle træde i kraft 1. maj 1789. Hans udspil blev rundsendt og gav anledning til en omfattende debat, men nogen egentlig løsning i spørgsmålet nåede man ikke.

Ved forordning af 25. marts 1791 om håndhævelse af god orden ved hoveriet blev det indskærpet bønderne at "vise sig hørige og lydige såvel imod jorddrotten som imod dem, han betror tilsynet ved eller bestyrelsen af arbejdet", men hoveriforordningen fra 1773 forblev gyldig. Reventlow tilbød på et møde i landbokommissionen den 10. marts 1791 at udarbejde forslag til en ny hoverianordning, men det løb ud i sandet.

Den hårdknude, som hoverispørgsmålet var endt i, resulterede i en plakat af 24. juni 1791, der foreslog godsejere og bønder at forhandle om omfanget af det fremtidige hoveri på de enkelte godser. Dersom det ikke lykkedes dem selv at nå til enighed inden udgangen af oktober måned samme år, forbeholdt kongen sig ret til at udpege særlige kommissioner til at afgøre spørgsmålet i hvert tilfælde. Kun få steder nåede man et resultat inden den fastsatte frist, men regeringen tøvede med at grøre brug af sin trussel og forsøgte først ved en ny plakat af 23. december 1791 at formå bønderne til besindighed i forhandlingerne med godsejerne. Derefter stod spørgsmålet i stampe, og først ved en forordning af 15. juni 1792 blev det tilladt for godsejerne i forbindelse med udskiftningen at forhandle om landgilde og afgifter på de udskiftede og udflyttede gårde. Derved blev også hoveriet kædet sammen med andre spørgsmål vedrørende forholdet mellem godsejere og bønder. Først ved plakat af 5. juni 1795 blev nedsat de kommissioner, der skulle løse problemerne på de godser, hvor der fortsat ikke var enighed, og fra efteråret begyndte to kommissioner - en for Sjælland og Fyn, en for Jalland - deres virke.

I realiteten kom bønderne under pres, blandt andet fordi de ofte ikke havde indsigt i lovgivningen, så den 23. marts 1797 besluttede landbokommissionen, at det da gældende hoveri ikke måtte forøges for nye fæstere inden, at Rentekammeret havde udtalt sig i sagen.

Endelig, ved forordning af 6. december 1799, fik landbokommissionen fastlagt endegyldige regler for hoveriets fremtidige udvikling: de gik ud på, at alt hoveri i fremtiden skulle være entydigt fastlagt, at det ikke måtte overstige bøndernes kræfter og at nye fæstere kun måtte få deres hoveri forøget efter forudgående undersøgelse og godkendelse fra Rentekammerets side. I praksis var det ikke lykkedes kommissionen at løse spørgsmålet men kun at bringe det i faste rammer. Endnu i 1810, da kommissionen reelt var ophørt at fungere, var de fleste fæstebønder helt eller delvist hoveripligtige. Forhåbninger om en egentlig hoveriafløsning måtte opgives i denne omgang.

Efter landboreformerne
Ved landboreformerne blev der skabt en tilstand, hvor fæstebønderne i stigende grad blev fritaget for hoveri, mens dette i stedet overgik til fæstehusmænd. I 1830-erne skete en vedvarende afvikling af fæstevæsenet (og hoveriet), og i tiden omkring 1860 udgik hoveri også som en del af ydelserne for fæstebrug og lejehuse. I stedet overgik arbejdet til folk, der boede i lejede huse. Under stænderforsamlingerne fremkom i Roskilde og i Viborg mere end 100 andragender om lettelse eller afløsning af hoveriet. En formel afvikling af hoveriet skete først i begyndelsen af det 20. århundrede.

Noter

Litteratur
 Lotte Dombernowsky: "Ca. 1720-1810" (i: Claus Bjørn (red.): Det danske landbrugs historie II: 1536-1810; Landbohistorisk Selskab 1988; ; s. 211-390)
 Karl-Erik Frandsen: "1536-ca. 1720" (i: Claus Bjørn (red): Det danske landbrugs historie, Bind II: 1536-1810; Landbohistorisk Selskab 1988; )
 Hans Fussing: Herremand og Fæstebonde, Studier i dansk Landbrugshistorie omkring 1600 (København 1942)
 Svend Gissel: "Landgilde og udsæd på Sjælland i de store mageskifters tidsalder. Retrospektive studier i landbo- og bebyggelseshistorie" (Landbohistoriske skrifter 3. Landbohistorisk Selskab. København 1968)
 C. Rise Hansen: Hoveriet på Ringsted Kloster 1570-1620 (Landbohistoriske skrifter udgivet af Udvalget for Udgivelse af Kilder til Landbefolkningens Historie. Bind 2; i kommission hos Dansk Videnskabs Forlag. København 1968).
 Torkild Kjærgaard: Konjunkturer og afgifter. C.D. Reventlows betænkning af 11. februar 1788 om hoveriet; Landbohistorisk Selskab, København 1980;
 Karl Peder Pedersen: Vestfynske fæstebønder. En undersøgelse af de økonomiske og sociale forhold på de vestfynske godser Erholm-Søndergårde i 1700-tallet. (Landbohistorisk Selskab, 1984);
 Erland Porsmose: "Middelalder O. 1000-1536" (i: Claus Bjørn (red.): Det danske landbrugs historie I: Oldtid og middelalder; Landbohistorisk Selskab, Odense 1988; ; s. 205-417)
 Adam Tybjerg Schacke: Gods, gårde og kulturlandskab. Besiddelsesforhold og godsstruktur i den sydlige del af Nørrejylland 1570-1788; Landbohistorisk Selskab 2007;
 Fridlev Skrubbeltrang: "M. H. Løvenskiolds hoveridagbog 1795-97" (BOL OG BY 7. Landbohistorisk Selskab 1973)
 Fridlev Skrubbeltrang: Det danske Landbosamfund 1500-1800; Den danske historiske Forening 1978;

Eksterne henvisninger

 Claus Bjørn: "Den jyske proprietærfejde" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Ny række, Bind 13; 1979)
 Knud Fabricius (anmeldelse af): "Hans Fussing: Herremand og Fæstebonde, Studier i dansk Landbrugshistorie omkring 1600 (København 1942, XII- 518 Sider)" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 10. række, Bind 6; 1942)
 J. A. Fridericia: "Historisk-statistiske Undersøgelser over Danmarks Landboforhold i det 17de Aarhundrede" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 6. række, Bind 2; 1889)
 Hans H. Fussing: "Gessingholm 1609 — 1663. En landbrugshistorisk studie. Første Afsnit" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 10. række, Bind 3; 1934)
 Hans H. Fussing: "Gessingholm 1609 — 1663. En landbrugshistorisk studie. Andet Afsnit" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 10. række, Bind 3; 1934)
 C. Rise Hansen: "Den økonomiske Udvikling inden for Bondestanden c. 1560—c. 1660. Et Bidrag til dens Historie" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 10. række, Bind 6; 1942)
 Hans Chr. Johansen: "Folk og produktion på fynske gårde gennem to århundreder" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Ny række, Bind 17; 1987)
 Jens Skriver: "Hoveri og landgilde. Fæsteafgifterne på østjyske godser i 1700-tallet" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Bind 1996; 1996)
 Fridlev Skrubbeltrang (anmeldelse af): "Gunnar Olsen: Hovedgård og bondegård. Studier over stordriftens udvikling i Danmark i tiden 1525-1774; skrifter udgivet af Udvalget til udgivelse af kilder til landbefolkningens historie, bind 1. Rosenkilde og Bagger 1957" (Historie/Jyske Samlinger, Ny række, Bind 4; 1957)
 Fridlev Skrubbeltrang (anmeldelse af): "C. Rise Hansen: Hoveriet på Ringsted Kloster 1570-1620. Landbohistoriske skrifter udgivet af Udvalget for Udgivelse af Kilder til Landbefolkningens Historie. Bind 2. i kommission hos Dansk Videnskabs Forlag. København 1968" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 12. række, Bind 4; 1969)
 Fridlev Skrubbeltrang: "Studier over gårde, gårdbrugerantal og brugsstørrelser i det 17. århundrede" (Historisk Tidsskrift, 12. række, Bind 5; 1971)

Danmarks historie
Landbohistorie
Tvangsarbejde

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Amaranth like quinoa is a versatile gluten free alternative to wheat. Imported from the USA our Amaranth is organic, high in vitamin C, iron and calcium and the perfect addition to a healthy lifestyle. Amaranth has been used for centuries by the Aztecs as a satisfying and versatile ingredient in cooking. Like quinoa it is actually a seed rather than a grain, naturally gluten free, it is very useful for anyone who is following a gluten free diet.
Unlike grains like wheat or white rice it is also very high in protein, with a complete amino acid profile making it a complete nutrient dense food that can be used in or to accompany many dishes. Amaranth contains many other nutrients as well as its high level of protein as it's rich in vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, and a very high level of iron which makes it perfect for anyone who is vegan or has a tendency for being anemic.
Some of the most unique health benefits of Amaranth include its ability to stimulate growth and repair, reduce inflammation, boost bone strength, lower blood pressure, improve the immune system, reduce the appearance of varicose veins, and maintain healthy hair.
Amaranth is delicious as a breakfast option. You can replace oats with Amaranth for a gluten free porridge, simply mix with almond milk and cinnamon and serve with fruit like banana and fresh berries for a delicious hearty breakfast. With a similar texture to couscous it can easily replace traditional grains as a side dish or cooked and mixed with salad for a delicious "tabouleh-like" salad with mint, cucumber and a lemon yoghurt dressing.
To prepare use 2 cups of water to one cup of amaranth, bring to the boil and then simmer on a low heat with a lid on till the water is absorbed and the grains are light and fluffy. To make Amaranth porridge increase the amount of liquid to get a softer consistency by using 3 cups of liquid to one of Amaranth, and replace the last cup with a nut milk or milk of your choice. Enjoy!


text:
myTRS
About TRS
Natural Curiosity
Children love to learn, explore and discover. At The Raleigh School, we capture that excitement by teaching in a hands-on, collaborative style.
Why TRS?
The Raleigh School Way
Head of School & Board of Trustees
Community & Inclusion
Warm and Nurturing
Devoted teachers, a stunning, natural playground, and small class sizes make our preschool the ideal beginning for young children.
Preschool Faculty
Outdoor Experience
2019 - 2020 Classes
Parent-Child Class
2s Sample Curriculum
Visit and Apply
The best way to understand The Raleigh School is to see the beautiful campus and amazing interactions in person. Tour and apply now for the fall.
Touring TRS
Applying to TRS
Triangle Independent School Consortium
Active and Engaged
Our inquiry-based approach keeps students engaged in their own learning — and ready to develop critical and creative thinking skills.
Preparing for Middle School
Modern-day Village
Children are valued members of the community. The connections at The Raleigh School run deep as we come together for a common goal.
Culture of Giving
Your gift to The Raleigh School makes the community stronger — with financial aid, cultural arts activities and professional development for teachers.
How You Make A Difference
Come Play with Us
Give With Your Child in Mind Annual Fund
Endowment & Legacy Giving
TRS Fall Carnival
The Raleigh Cool
Grandparent Library Fund
Effortless Ways to Give
Our Mission: The Raleigh School is a cooperative community of children, parents and teachers that fosters a love of learning in an atmosphere of challenge, inquiry and respect.
ELEMENTARY DIRECTOR
Mary Covington
B. S., Elementary Education, Speech Science, Boston College
Mary joined the faculty in 1990 after her children graduated from Raleigh Preschool. She has taught two- and three-year-olds at Raleigh Preschool and has enjoyed teaching third grade for twenty years at the elementary division. She especially enjoys gardening with her class. Mary is originally from Boston and taught grades 5-8 in Baltimore before moving to North Carolina. She still misses the Red Sox and the snow.
Mrs. DuPre & Mrs. Reid
Colleen DuPre
B.S., Clarion University
M.Ed., Clarion University with Reading Specialist Certification
Colleen joined the faculty in 1989. She worked with the three- and four-year-old preschool classes before becoming a kindergarten teacher. She previously taught second grade and kindergarten in Australia as well as language arts in fourth, fifth and sixth grades in Beaufort, SC, and Chapel Hill. Colleen has been a member of our community since 1985 and is a parent of a TRS alum. She enjoys reading and gardening.
Kathy Reid
B.A., Speech Communication, North Carolina State University
Early Childhood Education Certification and Credential, Wake Technical Community College
Kathy joined The Raleigh School in 2015, originally working with first- and second-graders in the After School Care program. Her prior experience includes teaching preschool at St. Michael's Parish Day School for eighteen years and working in the radio industry. Kathy is a Raleigh native and a huge Wolfpack and New York Yankees fan. She also enjoys reading and running.
Mrs. Martin & Mrs. Woodbury
B.A., Psychology with Early Childhood Education Certificate, Duke University
M.Ed., Instructional Leadership with Concentration in Reading, Writing and Literacy, University of Illinois
Jennifer Martin joined The Raleigh School in 2018. Her prior experiences include teaching preschool through second grade, teaching fourth and fifth grade reading, and working as a lower school science instructor at an independent school in Chicago. She strives to integrate literacy across the curriculum. Jennifer enjoys spending time outdoors with her two sons and her husband. While she misses Lake Michigan and the hustle and bustle of living around the corner from Wrigley Field in Chicago, she loves all the hiking options the Triangle has to offer. Jennifer also enjoy reading, yoga and baking.
Janeen Woodbury
B.S., Social Science, Michigan State University
B.S., Business, University of Arizona
Janeen joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2008. She has assisted in second and third grades. Previously, Janeen taught for two years at the preschool and taught four-year-olds at Cary Presbyterian Preschool for more than 20 years. She is an avid reader and a long-time volunteer at NC State University.
Mrs. Coltrain & Mrs. Delacote
Meggan Coltrain
B.A. Elementary Education, Psychology Concentration, University of North Carolina Greensboro
M.Ed., Literacy K-12, Reading Specialist, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Meggan joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2013. She has taught first grade since 2008, including five years in the Wake County Public Schools. Meggan loves integrating technology into student learning and teaching first graders to read! She enjoys spending time with her family, reading, and cheering for the Tar Heels!
Kathryn Delacote
B.A. Education, Stephen F. Austin University
ESL Endorsement, University of Texas
Kathryn joined the faculty in 2017, as an assistant teacher in second grade. She has experience teaching a wide range of ages at the Dallas International School in addition to over 20 years experience as an ESL teacher and English language tutor. Kathryn enjoys taking walks with her dog and spending time at the beach.
Mrs. Schnurr & Mrs. Steed
Jan Schnurr
B.S., Primary Education, East Carolina University
Jan first taught at Raleigh Preschool in the mid-1970s when her daughters attended the preschool. She "retired" in 1977 when her son was born and then spent fourteen years as a parent volunteer in the public schools, at Raleigh Preschool and as a community activist. She rejoined the staff at RPS in 1991, where she taught two- and three-year-olds. In 2000, she moved to first grade at The Raleigh School and has loved every year of her time here. Jan enjoys physical exercise, music, reading and spending time with her two grandchildren, the oldest having attended The Raleigh School and the youngest yet to attend.
Selden Steed
B.A., Speech Communications, UNC-Chapel Hill
Selden joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2011. She worked in Admissions and Financial Aid at Saint Mary's School for ten years. She also taught preschool and worked as a teacher's assistant in the Wake County Public School System. She enjoys cheering for the Tar Heels, spending time with her family and teaching summer camp at TRS.
Mrs. Ranheim & Mr. Wulff
DeAnna Ranheim
B.A., Elementary Education, University of Wisconsin
M. Ed., Elementary Curriculum and Instruction, Concordia College
DeAnna joined the faculty in 1999 and has enjoyed being a fourth grade teacher and most recently a second grade teacher during her time at The Raleigh School. She began her teaching career in Wisconsin and stays loyal to her Packers and Badgers sports teams. She has a special interest in brain development and how she can teach each child most effectively. She enjoys spending time with her two children and traveling whenever she gets a chance.
Nate Wulff
B.A., History, Vassar College
Childhood Education Certification, Vassar College
Nate is excited to join the Raleigh School this year. He previously taught Pre-K and fifth grade New York at Poughkeepsie Day School before moving south. However, growing up in Roanoke, Virginia, Nate stays true to his Virginia Tech Hokie roots when it comes to sports. In addition to his work in school, he has spent time at courses at the Windward Teacher Training Institute and with childhood educators in The Hudson Valley Writing Project. Nate is excited to bring his passions for movement, equity, and fun to his work at The Raleigh School.
Mrs. Tiedemann & Mrs. Spaccarotella
Amanda Tiedemann
B.A., Child Study, St. Joseph's College, New York
M.A., Literacy, St. Joseph's College, New York
Amanda joined The Raleigh School in 2016 after moving from NY and has enjoyed teaching 2nd grade. Her prior experience includes teaching Universal Pre-K in New York and being a long term substitute teacher. Over the last 12 years, Amanda has also worked as a summer camp counselor working with children with special needs. She has a special interest in using yoga and sign language in the classroom. Amanda enjoys reading, going to the beach, doing yoga and spending time with her family.
Sue Spaccarotella
B.A., History, Campbell University
Sue taught three-year-old classes for nine years in a preschool in New Jersey prior to joining The Raleigh School Faculty in 1991. As an assistant in second grade, she enjoys sharing her love for animals, gardening and reading. Sue's love for the practice of yoga has been the impetus for her to lead a weekly yoga class with her second graders. Her favorite activities are spending time at the beach,reading biographies, and playing board games.
Mrs. Campbell & Ms. Mitchell
Linda Campbell
B.A., Elementary education, William Paterson University
M.A. Counseling, Human Services, and Guidance, Montclair State University
Linda joined the Raleigh School in 2016. Her prior experience includes teaching kindergarten and first and second grades in New Jersey for more than 15 years. Linda enjoys sharing her love of learning with her students. She also enjoys spending time with her husband and three sons, as well as her little dog, Lulu. When not with her family, Linda can be found meditating or spending time reading.
B.S. Accounting, Robert Morris University
We are pleased to welcome back Sharon Mitchell. Sharon is a former Raleigh School parent and board member. She served as the first Admissions Director for the Elementary School for more than a decade. Most recently, Sharon has been a frequent substitute in both our elementary classrooms and after school care program. She attended Robert Morris University in Pittsburgh, majoring in accounting. Sharon brings with her more than 20 years of experience and knowledge about our school and elementary classrooms. Sharon enjoys biking, hiking and camping when she has the chance.
Mr. Sather & Mrs. Harper
Steve Sather
B.S., Recreation and Youth Leadership, Michigan State University
M.S., Recreation Administration, Michigan State University
Teaching certificate, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Steve joined The Raleigh School faculty in 1999 after spending three years raising his daughter, Hannah, where the pay was poor, but the benefits were outstanding. Steve and his wife, Nancy, have also been foster parents for three children, Lisa, Larry and Brenda, who are all adults now in their 40s. Prior to staying at home with Hannah, he taught kindergarten and second grade for 10 years at Underwood Elementary in Raleigh. Steve also has an extensive background in working with the Boys Clubs in Detroit and Raleigh. He is a big fan of UNC basketball, Michigan football and of the Tigers, Lions, Red Wings, and Pistons professional teams (and most recently, a reluctant NCSU fan).
Sydney Harper
B.A., English and B.A., History, University of Rochester
M.A. English, George Washington University
Sydney joined The Raleigh School in 2017. Her prior experience includes teaching seventh grade history in Virginia and third and fourth grades at a charter school in North Carolina. She has a special interest in cultivating a passion for both literature and writing in her students and hopes to help them unlock their creativity both inside and outside of the classroom. Sydney is an avid reader, a creative writer and someone who enjoys learning about other cultures and communities through travel. She will be volunteering with the Jane Austen Literacy Foundation this year as a means of further inspiring young minds to embrace language arts.
Mrs. May & Ms. Volpe
Hillary May
B.S., Family and Childhood Studies, University of New Hampshire
M.S., Elementary Education, University of New Hampshire
Hillary joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2015. Prior to that, she taught at Sant Bani School, an independent day school in New Hampshire. A mother of a seven-year old, Hillary is passionate about making learning exciting and engaging. She has a passion for science, the environment, theater and community service. She is motivated by a belief that all children can be successful learners and is deeply committed to improving children's lives.
Liu Volpe
B.A., English, Davidson College
Liu joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2018. Her prior teaching experience includes serving as an ESL teaching assistant in Vienna, Austria and interning as a second grade teaching assistant at The Davidson Day School. After graduating from Davidson College, she was the 2017-18 William Randolph Hearst Teaching Fellow at The Charlotte County Day School. Liu is particularly passionate about building a community rooted in inclusivity where every member of that community is recognized and feels supported. In her spare time she enjoys running, exploring new places, and cooking with friends and family.
Mrs. Myers & Mrs. Gordon
Karma Myers
B.S., Interdisciplinary Studies, Lander University
M.A., Teaching, Certified Grades 1-8, College of Charleston
Karma joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2010 and joined the TRS community as a parent in 2005. Before moving to Raleigh in 1998, she taught third and fourth grades in Charleston, S.C., and spent as much time as possible traveling in Europe and Asia. Fourth grade is Karma's favorite grade to teach. She enjoys the projects, the field trips, and the lively classroom discussions.
Jessica Gordon
B.A., Child and Family Studies, Muskingum University
M.S., Social Administration, Case Western Reserve University
Jessica joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2006. She has assisted in kindergarten for three years and has been in first grade since 2010. Jessica loves watching her fourth-graders grow into readers and writers. She enjoys spending time with her family, traveling to the beach and cheering on the Ohio State Buckeyes!
FIFTH GRADE CLASSES
Mrs. Brunetti & Mrs. Schmidt
Jennifer Brunetti
B.A., Education, University of New Hampshire
M.Ed., Elementary Education, University of New Hampshire
Jennifer joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2007. She has taught preschool and fifth grade at TRS. Her prior experience includes teaching first grade in New Hampshire. She has a special interest in integrating technology into the curriculum. Jennifer is a New England Patriots fan and loves to read. She recently attended the National Science Teacher's Association conference.
Kathy Schmidt
B.S. Elementary Ed., Pembroke State University
Kathy joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2003. She has worked with kindergarten and fifth grade during that time. She also enjoys working with students in The Raleigh School summer camps. Kathy is an enthusiastic NCSU fan and loves to travel.
Mrs. Stikeleather & Mrs. Koch
Jennifer Stikeleather
B.S., Psychology, NC State University
Elementary Education, Meredith College
Jennifer joined The Raleigh School in 2003 and began working in kindergarten. She moved to fifth grade in 2004 and has been there ever since. She previously taught at a local preschool before joining TRS. Jennifer has a special interest in American history, and enjoys making historical events come alive for her students. She is an avid NC State fan and enjoys photography, reading, being at Lake Gaston, volunteering in the community, and spending time with her children, Eva and Zach, both of whom attend(ed) The Raleigh School.
Sara Koch
B.S., Education, UNC-Wilmington
Sara joined The Raleigh School faculty in 2015. Prior to joining The Raleigh School, she taught fifth grade in Wilmington and worked in Human Resources for ten years. She worked part-time from home once her children were born and volunteered extensively in their schools. She enjoys working with her class during science lessons and in the outdoor classroom. Sara enjoys traveling with her family and attending her children's sporting events.
AFTER SCHOOL CARE & SUMMER CAMP
Stephanie Coyle
Diploma in Social Pedagogy with Focus on Early Childhood Education, Germany
Stephanie grew up in the southern part of Germany. She has acquired extensive international experience teaching in Australia, Canada, Germany and the United States, and in curriculum development and teacher training. After moving with her husband and three children to Apex, NC in 1997, Stephanie worked as Preschool Teacher at St Andrews Early Childhood Center, Curriculum Lead at the Grove School in Cary, and Education Manager for Carolina Kinder. In 2013 she became certified as a Site Supervisor and Administrator for childhood programs and began work as Afternoon Program Director at the German International School of Silicon Valley. Stephanie enjoys traveling and learning about other cultures, outdoor activities, cooking, loves animals and recently learned to play the ukelele.
Hollis Dorafshar
B.F.A., Alfred University School of Art and Design, NY
B.A., Art Education K-12 Certification, Meredith College
Hollis joined The Raleigh School in 2008. She has enjoyed a dual career as an artist and art educator for 30 years. Prior to The Raleigh School Hollis designed and implemented art programs for Ravenscroft Middle School, the Montessori School of Raleigh and Follow the Child Montessori. She is a teaching mentor to Meredith College Methods students and a regular presenter at NCAIS and NCAEA conferences, where she helps to emphasize the importance of the arts in education. When not teaching art Hollis can usually be found making art! She has three children, the youngest of whom is a TRS alumnus.
Amy Yost
B.A. German, Muhlenberg College, PA
M.S. Counseling, The University of Tennessee
Amy joined The Raleigh School in 2018. She was an elementary school counselor in Knoxville, TN for 13 years. Amy lives in Fuquay Varina and enjoys tennis, New York Times crosswords, and playing the flute. She also loves to travel and had the opportunity to spend a year exploring Europe while living in Italy.
LEARNING PARTNER
Brittany Hart
M.Ed., New Literacies & Global Learning, K-12 Reading Specialist, North Carolina State University
B.S., Child Development, Early Education and Family Studies, North Carolina A&T State University
Brittany joined The Raleigh School in 2017. Her prior experience includes teaching preschool and kindergarten. Brittany has also spent time as a literacy coach at Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute at UNC Chapel Hill advising teachers on reading intervention. She has a special interest in early literacy and intervention. Brittany is a proud alumna of N.C. A&T State University and loves to cheer on her Aggies! Brittany enjoys spending time with family and loves to travel.
Kim Mink
B.S., Secondary English Education, Miami University of Ohio
Kim joined The Raleigh School in 2014. Her many years of work experience includes serving as library media specialist as well as teaching elementary and middle school students. Kim spent seven years at Grymes Memorial, an independent K-8 school in Virginia, as well 15 years in the Orange County (VA) Public School system. Just before joining The Raleigh School, Kim served as project coordinator at UNC-Chapel Hill's Visitors' Center.
Tray Batson
B.F.A., Music Therapy, University of Kansas
Board Certified Music Therapist
Tray came to The Raleigh School in 2000 from the Twin Cities, where he worked providing music therapy services for preschoolers and toddlers and for residents in a long-term care facility. In addition to his work at The Raleigh School, Tray contracts with Duke Children's Hospital and teaches music at Montessori Day School in Chapel Hill. He also writes, records and performs "kids rock music" as Baron Von Rumblebuss. Tray is originally from Starkville, MS.
Jeff Sawyer
B.S., Physical Education, St. Francis College (NY)
M.S., Kinesiology, California State University Northridge
Jeff joined The Raleigh School in 2012 shortly after enrolling his daughter in our preschool. Jeff has taught every level of P.E. from preschool to adults but keeps coming back to elementary. He loves the kids' enthusiasm and willingness to learn new things. He also enjoys the freedom that The Raleigh School affords him to create new curriculum. Every now and then, Jeff likes to revisit his favorite sport — water polo.
Juliet Mallory
B.A., Vassar College
A.A.S., Interior Design, Parsons School of Design
Juliet joined The Raleigh School as a parent in 2003 and as faculty in 2008. Prior to becoming a Spanish instructor, she spent 10 years working as a commercial interior designer in both New York City and Raleigh. When not teaching at TRS, she tutors middle and high school students in Spanish and has recently begun to offer elementary children private lessons in French. Juliet spends her summers in Spain with her family and enjoys hiking, swimming and traveling abroad.
I was always encouraged to expand my knowledge beyond what we learned in class. Never was I told to restrain my curiosity; with loving assistance I got to explore as far as my mind could reach.
Hope Ferris, TRS alumna
The Raleigh School is an independent, secular school serving children in preschool through 5th grade.
1141 Raleigh School Drive
Preschool: 919.828.5351


Iyer SS, Co C, Rojas M.
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as a therapeutic modality in various inflammatory disease states. A number of ongoing randomized Phase I/II clinical trials are evaluating the effects of allogeneic MSC infusion in patients with multiple sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn's disease, and severe chronic myocardial ischemia. MSCs are also being considered as a potential therapy in patients with inflammatory lung diseases. Several studies, including our own, have demonstrated compelling benefits from the administration of MSCs in animal models of lung injury. These studies are leading to growing interest in the therapeutic use of MSCs in inflammatory lung diseases. In this Review, we describe how the immunoregulatory effects of MSCs can confer substantial protection in the setting of lung diseases such as acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pulmonary hypertension. We also address potential pitfalls related to the therapeutic use of MSCs in fibrotic lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, we identify emerging areas for MSC- based therapies in modulating oxidative stress and in attenuating inflammation in alcohol-related acute lung injury.


text:
Metro Dark Fibre
Long-Haul Dark Fibre
Colocation Data Centres
DDoS Protection: A Detection & Mitigation Solution
Data Centre Connectivity
Wholesale Carriers
Zayo Expands and Upgrades Long Haul Fibre in the UK
Unique Northern England network provides access to latest subsea cables
BOULDER, Colo. – November 30, 2018 – Zayo Group Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: ZAYO) announced today that it is extending and upgrading a new long haul fibre ring in the UK to enable its multinational customers to traverse the country via the most direct, low-latency paths. The 500-kilometer ring, which includes new build, will also provide access to the UK's latest subsea cable crossings in both the Irish and North Seas.
As part of the project, Zayo will increase the overall fibre count on its existing UK network, and add two new unique routes, spanning from coast-to-coast, in order to complete the ring. The project, expected to be completed in less than 12 months, incorporates advanced, high-count, ultra-low loss fibre types, built over the shortest physical paths, providing Zayo customers with maximum scalability and throughput.
Based on demand from multiple tenants, Zayo expects a strong return on capital on these unique fibre routes. The routes will also be available for wavelengths.
The project, the largest build Zayo has undertaken in Europe to date, is another example of the momentum of Zayo's European business. Zayo's network extends across eight European countries and major cities and includes more than one million fibre kilometers. Zayo recently announced additional success-based metro expansions in London, Paris, Dublin and Amsterdam.
"Our continued expansion underscores our commitment to Europe and provides opportunity for customers who can benefit from our fibre network, data centre footprint and extensive connectivity across our global network," said Annette Murphy, Managing Director of Zayo Europe.
For more information about Zayo, please visit zayo.com.
Zayo Group Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: ZAYO) provides communications infrastructure solutions, including fibre and bandwidth connectivity, colocation and cloud infrastructure to the world's leading businesses. Customers include wireless and wireline carriers, media and content companies and finance, healthcare and other large enterprises. Zayo's 130,000-mile network in North America and Europe includes extensive metro connectivity to thousands of buildings and data centres. In addition to high-capacity dark fibre, wavelength, Ethernet and other connectivity solutions, Zayo offers colocation and cloud infrastructure in its carrier-neutral data centres. Zayo provides users with flexible, customized solutions and self-service through Tranzact, an innovative online platform for managing and purchasing bandwidth. For more information, visit zayo.com.
This press release contains a number of forward-looking statements. Words, and variations of words such as "believe," "expect," "plan," "continue," "will," "should," and similar expressions are intended to identify our forward-looking statements. No assurance can be given that future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements will be achieved and actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. For additional information on these and other factors that could affect our forward-looking statements, see our risk factors, as they may be amended from time to time, set forth in our filings with the SEC, including our 10-K dated August 24, 2018. We disclaim and do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement in this press release, except as required by applicable law or regulation.
Zayo Group Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: ZAYO) provides mission-critical bandwidth to the world's most impactful companies, fueling the innovations that are transforming our society. Zayo's 209 000-km network in North America and Europe includes extensive metro connectivity to thousands of buildings and data centres. Zayo's communications infrastructure solutions include dark fibre, private data networks, wavelengths, Ethernet, dedicated internet access and data centre colocation services. Zayo owns and operates a Tier 1 IP backbone and 51 carrier-neutral data centres. Through its CloudLink service, Zayo provides low-latency private connectivity that attaches enterprises to their public cloud environments. Zayo serves wireless and wireline carriers, media, tech, content, finance, healthcare and other large enterprises.
Slough: Europe's Data Hub
North America:+1 800 830 3305