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Chapters Contributed
Bijalwan, A. 2013. Agrotechnology and Utilization of Rose Scented Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L) in India. In: Plant Biodiversity Utilization and Biotechnology. Arvind Bijalwan and Chandra Prakash Kala (eds.) pp. 45-53. Aavishkar Publishers, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Bijalwan, A. 2013. Agroforestry in Garhwal Himalaya, India in: Forest Biodiversity: Conservation and Management. Arvind Bijalwan and Chandra Prakash Kala (eds.) pp. 28-51. Pointer publisher, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Singh, S. and Bijalwan, A. 2013. Phytoremediation: An Approach for Environmentlal Friendly Technology. In: Plant Biodiversity Utilization and Biotechnology. Arvind Bijalwan and Chandra Prakash Kala (eds.) pp. 140-146. Aavishkar Publishers, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Debnath D. 2013. Tribal Situation in Madhya Pradesh with Special Emphasis on Three Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups "in the book Tribal People in Central India Edited by Dr.B.M. Mukherjee and Dr. Farhad Mollick:by KK Publications, New Delhi.
Debnath,D. 2014. Bio-sphere Reserve Management in Similipal Biosphere of Orissa: Some Emerging Issues" in the book "Biodiversity Conservation in India: Management Practices, Livelihood Concerns and Future Options edited by Bidhan Kanti Das and Ajit Banerjee, by Cocept Publishing Compant (P) Ltd., New Delhi
Debnath, D. 2014, "Ecological Traditions of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh" in book "Ecological Traditions of India, Vol IX, Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh", edited by Nanditha Krishna, Published by C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre, Chennai
Bansal, A.K., Verma, M., Kumar, R., Mehra, S. and Batra, P. 2012. REDD+ Manual for Practitioners, IIFM, Bhopal, November.
Bijalwan, A. 2013. Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies of climate Change for sustainable Agriculture In: Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. Chandra Prakash kala and Chandra Shekhar Silori (eds.) pp. 283-297. TERI Press, New Delhi, India.
Debnath, D. 2013. Tribal Identities and Development of Sahariya; Effects of Globalization and Identification of Constraints in the Development Process. In: Chaudhary, S.N. (Ed.), Globalization, National Development and Tribal Identity, Rawat Publication, Jaipur, p 192-211.
Debnath D. 2012. Tribal Health and Nutrition: Socio-ecological Issues and Ways Ahead in Contemporary Participatory Process of Natural Resource Management in the book 'Tribal Health and Nutrition" edited by S.N. Chaudhary, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
Debnath D. 2012. Sacred Groves: The Treasure of Indigenous Knowledge for Social and Environmental Sustainability.In: Borbora, Joyanto and Srivastava, Vinay Kumar (Eds.), Contemporary Society, DVS Publishers, Guwahati.
Debnath D. 2012. Tribal Education in Madhya Pradesh :Identification of Problems and Some Resolutions. In: Chaudhary, S.N., 2012 (Ed.), Tribal Education: Implications for Development, Conept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.
Debnath, D. 2012. Bhowmick's Thoughts and Action in the World of Development. In: Talwar, Indu, 2012 (Ed.), Anthropology and Society: Issues and Applications, Northern Book Centre, New Delhi, pp 33-42.
Kala, C.P. 2013. Climate change and challenges of biodiversity conservation. In: C.P. Kala and C.S. Silori (Eds.),Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 259-269.
Kala, C.P. 2013. Indigenous knowledge, use of NTFPs and biodiversity conservation in Uttarakhand. In: C.P. Kala and C.S. Silori (Eds.), Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 245-255.
Kala, C.P. 2013. Population and management of medicinal plants in Chhattisgarh. In: C.P. Kala and C.S. Silori (Eds.),Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 37-49.
Kala, C.P. and Farooquee, N.A. 2013. Sustainable utilization and management of timur by communities in Uttarakhand.In: C.P. Kala and C.S. Silori (Eds.), Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 211-226.
Kala, C.P. and Majila, B.S. 2013. Status of forest and wildlife in the Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary In: C.P. Kala and C.S. Silori (Eds.), Biodiversity, Communities and Climate Change. The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 25-35.
Krishnakumar, K.N. and Yadav, G. 2013. Role of Natural Resource Management in Livelihood with Special reference to Non-Timber Forest Products, Book Chapter in: 'Extension Management in the Information Age: Initiatives and Impacts', New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.
Mishra, M and Kotwal, P.C. 2013. Conservation of threatened natural forests of central India. Paper Chapter no.16. In "Ecorestoration and biodiversity conservation" Ed. By Dr. G.P Mishra and A Gupta. Publ. by Aavishkar publishers, Distributors, Jaipur, Rajasthan. PP: 221-241.
Mishra, M. 2012. Raw material quality and market awareness of medicinal plants and changing behavior of consumers. Book chapter In Globalization and consumerism Issues and challenges Ed. By Ganesan,G. and Sumathy, M. Publ. by Regal Publications, New Delhi. PP: 197-205.
Mishra, M. 2011. Conservation of Biodiversity in the Natural Forests of Central India: A Case of Few Critically Endangered Medicinal Species of Mandla and Bhopal Region. Book chapter in Biological Diversity and its Conservation. Ed: Dr. Dushyant Kumar Sharma and Dr. R.P. Singh. 1st ed. Delhi, Daya Publishing House. New Delhi.pp:93-110.
Mudaliar, R. and Rishi, P. 2012. Psychological Perspective to Climate Stress in Coastal India. In: Jürgen Scheffran, Michael Brzoska, Hans Günter Brauch, Peter Michael Link, Janpeter Schilling (Eds.): Climate Change, Human Security And Violent Conflict – Challenges For Societal Stability: Hamburg: Springer.
Patil, A. 2011. Non-destructive harvesting as an approach for sustainability of NTFP resources & augmenting forest based livelihood: A Case Study of Dhamtari. In: Forests and Livelihood (2011: IIFM, Bhopal) – Proceedings of National Workshop held at IIFM on July, 2011. (Case study based on the abstract & power point presentation prepared by Dr. A.K. Pandey, TFRI, Jabalpur).
Patil, A. 2011. Sabai Ghas: Jagaye Nayi Aas. In: Forests and Livelihood (2011: IIFM, Bhopal) – Proceedings of National Workshop held at IIFM on July, 2011. (Case study based on the film with the same title produced by Dr Rekha Singhal with financial grant from NAEB, MoEF, GoI).
Patil, A. and Khare, A. 2011. NTFP Management. In: Forests and Livelihood (2011: IIFM, Bhopal) – Proceedings of National Workshop held at IIFM on July, 2011.
Rishi, Parul and Moghe, Swati. 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility in India: Greening the Business" In: RK Arora (Eds.) Ethical Governance in Business and Government. Akshat Publications, Jaipur.
Sarma, U.K. 2012. Unit 2: Culture-Environment Relationships. In Block II- Theoretical and Methodological Issues of Environmental Anthropology (Environmental Anthropology, Masters Programme). New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU).
Sarma, U.K. 2012. Unit 2: Economic Organisations. In Block VI- Economic and Political Organisation (Comparative Ethnography, Masters Programme). New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU).
Singh, S.P and Singh, A.K. 2013. Prevailing Status of Girl Child Rights in Rural Areas: A study of Gwalior Region of Madhya Pradesh. In: Singh, A.P. and Singh A.K. (Eds.), Care and Protection of Girl Children in India: Status, Emerging Issues, Challenges and Way Forward, Chapter 4, PP 215-226, in Association with Ananya Institute for Development Research and Social Action, Lucknow, India. Bal Bikas Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Singh, S.P. 2012. Women Empowerment through Agricultural Resources and Livestock Resource Management: A Study in Tribal Districts of Madhya Pradesh. In: Krishnamurthy, G.R., Chandrashekhar V. Murumkar, M.A. Lahori, 2012. Role of Women in Agriculture Development: Perspectives and Challenges, Section-II Dimensions, Chapter 5, pp 228-254, Pub. Anekant Institute of Management (AIMS) Baramati, Pune Dist, Maharashtra.
Singh, S.P. 2013. Economic Empowerment of women Through SHGs: A study of Jhabua District of M.P. In: Singh, S.K., Suguna K. Reddy R.V.M. 2013. Women Entrepreneurship: Emerging Issues, Challenges & Strategies, Chapter 13, pp 275-292 in Association with Chadalawada Ramanamma Engineering College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, Serials Publication, New Delhi.
Singh, S.P., Patil, A.K. and Khanna, A. 2013. Role of Information and Communication Technology in Sustainable Urban Disaster Management in Bhopal City. In: Mishra, Ajnuli and Singh, Awadesh Kumar (Eds.), Volume II: New Dimensions of Disaster Management in India, Chapter 34, pp 688-705, Serials Publications, New Delhi.
Biswas, P.K. and Misra, D. 2012. Rural banking: unexplored horizons. In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, N. and Shukla, O.P. (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment: emerging perspective, issues and strategies. Vol. I, 2012. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow, pp. 169-178.
Dubey, J. 2012. Incomplete product disclosure and poor customer complaint handling: a lethal combination at ABC Cellular Ltd. In: Srabanti. Consumer behavior, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
Goswami, N., Singh, R.B. and Kala, C.P. 2012. Herbal home remedies and role of traditional healers as health care providers. In: Pati, R.N. (Ed.), Sustainable use of medicinal plants. Abhijeet Publications, New Delhi, pp 197-210.
Kala, C.P. 2011. Use of medicinal plants for curing urogenital disorders. In: Kala, C.P. (Ed.), Medicinal plants and sustainable development. Nova Science Publishers, New York, USA, pp 219-223.
Kala, C.P. 2011. Sustainable development of medicinal plants and livelihood opportunities. In: Kala, C.P. (Ed.), Medicinal plants and sustainable development. Nova Science Publishers, New York, USA, pp 245-254.
Khanna, A. 2012. Women empowerment through information and communication technology (I.C.T). In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, Norbert and O.P. Shukla (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment: emerging prospective, issues and strategies. Volume-I, pp- 508 and Volume – II, pp- 509-975. Published by New Royal Book Company, Lucknow, India, Chapter- 6.8, pp- 739-742.
Mishra, M. 2012. Raw material quality and market awareness of medicinal plants and changing behavior of consumers.In: Ganesan, G. and Sumathy, M. (Eds.), Globalization and consumerism issues and challenges. Published by Regal Publications, New Delhi. pp: 197-205.
Omprakash, M.D. and Koul, D.N. 2012. Impact of micro finance initiative under watershed programme on rural women: a study of Ratlam district in Madhya Pradesh. In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, N. and Shukla, O.P. (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment: emerging perspective, issues and strategies. Vol. II, 2012. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow, pp. 959-975. ISBN: 978-93-80685-31-1.
Pandey, A. 2011. Importance of village for collective action: a critical analysis of natural resource development programmes in India. In: Majumdar, B. and B.N. Tiwari (Eds.), Rethinking villages. Concept Publishing Company Pvt. Ltd. pp. 27-39.
Phondni, P.C., Maikhuri, R.K., Negi, C.S., Kala, C.P., Rawat, M.S. and N.S. Bisht. 2011. Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants among rural communities of Dhutatoli forest range in Pauri district, Uttarakhand, India. In: Kala, C.P. (Ed.), Medicinal plants and sustainable development. Nova Science Publishers, New York, USA, pp 209-217.
Ray, K.K. 2012. Positioning Indian micro finance institutions in the capital market: some issues. In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, N. and Shukla, O.P. (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment – emerging perspective, issues and strategies. Edited Book published by New Royal Book Company (Publisher of academic books), Lucknow, pp. 286-300.
Sarma, U.K. 2011. Unit 3: Production, exchange, distribution and utilization. In: Block VII- Economic and political organization (Social anthropology, Masters programme), New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU).
Singh, S.P. and Devadevan, V. 2012. Role of information technology in women empowerment and micro finance: a conceptual framework. In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, N. and Shukla, O.P. (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment: emerging prospective, issues and strategies. Volume-I, pp- 508 and Volume – II, pp- 509-975. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow, India, Chapter- 6.19, P 847-858.
Singh, S.P. 2011. Impact of JFM on poverty alleviation and comparative study of jhabua and Mandla district of M.P. In:Shukla, O.P. (Ed.), Emerging issues in Indian economy. Saraswati House, Academic Excellence, New Delhi, Chapter-7, pp. 118-148.
Singh, S.P. and Krishnakumar, K.N. 2011. Empowering adolescent girls: a study of Jhabua district of M.P. In: Singh, A.K., Pandey, S.P. and Singh, A.P., (Eds.), Empowerment of adolescent girls in India: perspective, issues and approaches, Chapter-3, pp. 99-135. Serials Publication, New Delhi.
Singh, S.P. and Biswas, P.K. 2012. Raising economic status of women in Gwalior region: An initiative of Vama's microfinance. In: Singh, A.K., Singh, S.P., Koubek, Nobert and O.P. Shukla (Eds.), Micro financing and women empowerment: emerging perspective, issues and strategies. Vol. II, 2012. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow, pp. 861-871.
Singhal, R. and Misra, G. 2011. Action research methods in psychology. In: Misra, G. (Ed.), Handbook of psychology in India. Oxford University Press, New Delhi, pg. 111-126.
Upadhyay, B.K. 2012. Lifestyle, Wellbeing and depression: a comparative study between male and female undergraduate students. In: Ojha, S. and S. Pandey (Eds.), Positive psychology: emerging trends. Shree Publishers, New Delhi (In Press).
Bharadwaj, R. and P. Bhattacharya, 2008. Emerging Opportunities for Diversifying JFM through linking watershed program in Madhya Pradesh In (Ed.) Bhattacharya, P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar. Joint Forest Management in India Volume-II, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India P. 571-590.
Bhattacharya, P. et.al., 2008. JFM at Crossroads: Future Strategy and Action Programme for Institutionalizing Community Forestry, In (Ed.) Bhattacharya P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar. Joint Forest Management in India Volume-1, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India, P. 3-31.
Debnath, D. et.al., 2008. JFM at Crossroad: Future Strategy and Action Programme for Institutionalizing Community Forestry In (Ed.) Bhattacharya P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar. Joint Forest Management in India Volume-1, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India.
Debnath, D., 2008. Joint Forest Management over a Decade and Beyond in Madhya Pradesh – A Case study on Livelihood Interventions and Assessment of Attitudes in Harda Division" In (Ed.) Bhattacharya P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar. Joint Forest Management in India Volume-1, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India.
Debnath, D. Role of Social Anthropology in Forest Management. In Anthropology in Human Welfare, (Ed.) A.N. Sharma, Sarup and Sons, New Delhi, 2007.
Deshmukh, H, and P. Bhattacharya, 2008. Community Forestry in Sikkim Himalaya. In Bhattacharya P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar (Ed.). Joint Forest Management in India Volume-II, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India, P. 629-647.
Kanwar, M. Ripu and P. Bhattacharya, 2008. Community Forestry and Livelihood in Makawanpur district, Nepal. In Bhattacharya P., A.K. Kandya, K.N. Krishnakumar (Ed.). Joint Forest Management in India Volume-I, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India. P. 243-254.
Kotwal, P.C., D. Dugaya and M.D. Omprakash, 2007. Holistic approach for sustainable Forest management involving communities: developing C&I framework for S. Seoni Division, M.P. p:109-119. In Joint Forest Management in India. P. Bhattacharya et al. (Ed.). Aviskar Publishers, Distributors, Jaipur, India. ISBN 978-81-7910-243-5 Vol. I.
Krishnakumar, K.N., 2007. Reflections on Communication & Extension Courses for Forest and Natural Resource Management, In Roshan Lal Raina and Pankaj Priya (Ed.). Communication for Management: Teaching and Research in Indian B-Schools, Ess Ess Publications, Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Management, New Delhi. pp: 155-171.
Parul Rishi, 2007. I Love My Stress: Women Cope with Stress More Confidently than Men, In Managing Organizational Stress edited by C.T. George, Hyderabad: ICFAI University Press (Re-printed from effective executive).
Roy S. and P. Bhattacharya and Roy S. B. 2008. FDA's Organizational Functioning and its Influence on NAP implementation, In Bhattacharya P. A. K. Kandya, K. N. Krishnakumar edited Joint Forest Management in India Volume-II, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India , p. 452-460.
Sharma, J. and P. Bhattacharya 2008. Traditional Knowledge System of land use Practices Dimasa Tribes of North Chachar Hills Distric of Assam, India, In Bhattacharya P. A. K. Kandya, K. N. Krishnakumar edited Joint Forest Management in India Volume-II, Avishkar Publisher, Distributors, Jaipur, India, p. 546-557.
Singh, S.P., 2007. Sustainable Urban Fire Management: A Case Study of Bhopal City. Disaster Management in India – Perspective, Issues and Strategies, Ed. Nishith Rai and A.K. Sing. RCUES, Chapter 12 pp 155-166, New Royal Book Company, Lucknow.
Singh, S.P. and K.N. Krishna Kumar, 2008. A Methodological Framework for Gender Particiaption in Agricultural Resources : A Study of Jhabua District of M.P. In (Ed.) Sinha Ajit 2008, 'New Dimension of Women Empowerment In India', Chapter 40, pp. 602- 637, Deep and Deep Publisher, New Delhi
Singh, S.P., M. Mishra, B.R. Phukan, Apurva Mishra, 2007. Economics of Forest Fire Management : A Study of South Betul Forest Division of Madhya Pradesh In (Ed.) Krishnamoorthy G.R., Awadesh Kumar Singh (2007). India in Global Economy – In Association with Ananya Institute of Development & Social Action , Lucknow , Chapter 23, pp. 359-374, Serial Publications, New Delhi.
Singh, S.P., M. Mishra, B.R. Phukan, Apurva Mishra, 2007. Economics of Forest Fire Management, In Disaster Management in India – Perspective, Issues and Strategies, (Ed.) Nishith Rai and A.K.Singh Chapter 11 pp 142-154. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow.
Singh, S.P., M. Mishra, Apurva Mishra, 2007. Sustainable Urban Flood Management: A Case Study of Bhopal City, In Disaster Management in India – Perspective, Issues and Strategies, (Ed.) Nishith Rai and AK Singh, Chapter 17, pp. 213-218. New Royal Book Company, Lucknow.
Verma, M. 2007. Research contributor in book on Valuation of Ecosystem Services & Forest Governance – A scoping study from Uttrakhand Semwal, et.al. (editors & research contributors), 2007, Lead India, New Delhi.
Debnath, D., 2006 Strategies for Promotion of Livelihoods of a Scheduled Caste – A Case of Rural Industrialization in Jagdishpur, Uttar Pradesh. In Dr. P.K. Bhowmick and Dr. A.K. Haldar, (Ed.). Society and Culture in India : Tradition and Modernity. West Bengal : Institute of Social Research and Applied Anthropology.
Debnath, D., 2007 Corporate Social Responsibility in Community Development: Tata Steel. In Dr. Balvinder, Shukla Dr.Sanjeev Prashar and Harvinder Singh (Ed) Management Case Studies. Amity Business School-AU: Excel Books Private Limited.
Rishi, P. & B.K. Upadhyay, 2007 Organisational Stress Auditing. In R. Suri (Ed.).International Encyclopaedia of Organisational Behaviour (pp. 461-497). New Delhi: Pentagon Press
Singh R.D. & S.P. Singh, 2006 Involving and Evolving: Impact on Ecological Sustainability and Related Issues. Silver Jubilee Publication, Selected readings from Wastelands News on Forests, SPWD, New Delhi, India, Vol.(1), PP 07-11
Singh, S.P., M. Manish, B.R. Phukan, A. Mishra, 2007 'Economics of Forest Fire Management : A Study of South Betul Forest Division of Madhya Pradesh' Published in Krishnamoorthy G.R., Awadesh Kumar Singh (2007) INDIA IN GLOBAL ECONOMY – In Association with Ananya Institute of Development & Social Action, Lucknow , Chapter 23 , PP 359-374 , Serial Publications, New Delhi.
Adedipe, N.O., Sridhar, M.K.C., Baker, J. Krogmann, U. and Verma, M., 2005. Chapter 10: Waste management, Processing and Detoxification. In the book Ecosystems and Human Well-being: policy responses: findings of the Responses Working Group of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Kanchan Chopra, Rik Leemans, Pushpam Kumarand Henk Simons (Ed.).
Bhattacharya P. 2005. Lesson in sustainable management of biodiversity in JFM areas for the livelihood generation of tribal: A case from dry tropical forests of Madhya Pradesh, India. In Advancing Frontiers of Ecological Researches in India, (Edited by Dr. A.K. Kandya and Asha Gupta) published by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, lndia. pp 51-75.
Debnath, D. 2005. Role of the Non-timber Forest Products in Traditional Economic System and Cultural Practices of a Primitive Tribal Group The Baiga Case of Mandla district in M.P. In Primitive Tribes in Contemporary India. Dr. Sarit Choudhary and Dr. Sucheta Sen Choudhary (Ed.), Mittal Publications, New Delhi.
Debnath, D. 2006. Anthropology of Tribal Religiosity: A Micro-study in Common Ecological Setting In Explorations in Anthropology. Dr Swapan Paramanick and Dr. Samita Manna (Ed.), Indian Institute of Social Research and Applied Anthropology, Kolkata. pp: 202-210.
Kotwal, P.C. and Horo, N. 2006. The new paradigm for monitoring and assessment of forest resources: Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management. In Advancing Frontiers of Ecological Researches in India. 29-50, 2006, (Ed.) A. K. Kandya and Asha Gupta, Published by Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Oehra Oun, India.
Krishnakumar, K.N. 2005. Media (print) coverage and perception in relation to JFM issues, special reference to Harda sent for publication in forthcoming book under DEFID sponsored project on Perception of key stakeholders on JFM Harda .
Mishra, M, Teki, S. and Mishra, R.P. 2006. Tree density, regeneration and impact of harvesting of some selected NTFPs on the natural forests of three districts in Orissa state. In Advancing Frontiers of Ecological Researches in India. AK Kandya and Asha Gupta (Ed.) pp: 77-93. Bishen Singh-M.P Singh, Dehra Dun, lndia.
Phukan B.R. 2005. Beyond joint forest management: Dugli-Jawarra people's protected area. In In-search of Excellence: Exemplary Forest Management in Asia and l the Pacific (RAP Publication 2005/02), edited by Patrick B. Durst, Chris Brown, Henrylito D. Tacio and Miyuki Ishikawa Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Regional Community Forestry Training Centre (RECOFTC): Bangkok, pp. 155 166.
Prasad, R., Kotwal, P.C. and Mishra, M. 2006. Review of researches on various aspects of Ecology and Forestry with special reference to Central India. In Advancing Frontiers of Ecological Researches in India, 29-50,2005, A.K. Kandya and Asha Gupta (Ed.), Published by Bishan Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India.
Singh, M.K. 2005. Study on International Business of Indian Floriculture Industry with special reference to Domestic Issues. In Debnarayan Sarkar (Ed.) Emerging Issues on Development (pp 224-227) .Centre for Economic Studies, Presidency College, Kolkata.
Verma, M. and Gera, M. 2005. Consultant chapter for National Forest Commission on "Contribution of Forest and wildlife in National Resource Accounting".
Banerjee, S., Dubey, Y. and Bhattacharya, A. K. 2005. Eco-tourism in Madhya Pradesh. In. A. K. Bhattacharya (Ed.) Eco tourism and livelihoods (152-160) New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Bhattacharya, A. K., Dubey, Y. and Saxena, A. 2005. Eco-tourism potential in Madhya Pradesh. In A. K. Bhattacharya (Ed.) Eco tourism and livelihoods. (pp161-176). New Delhi. Concept Publishing Company.
Bhattacharya, A.K., and Dubey, Y. 2005 Eco-tourism – Livelihood security-Biodiversity conservation integration: A holistic approach. In AK Bhattacharya. (Ed.) Eco tourism and Livelihoods (pp 63-73). New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Bhattacharya, P. 2004 Documentation of JFM initiatives. In K.C. Malhotra, S.K.Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S.Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp277-283). Shillong: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Bhattacharya, P. 2004. Income generation activities. In K.C. Malhotra, S.K.Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S.Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp201-214). Shillong: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Bhattacharya, P. 2004. Participatory microplanning. In K.C. Malhotra, S.K.Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S.Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp153-168). Shillong: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Bhattacharya, P. 2004. Participatory tools and techniques for JFM. In K.C. Malhotra, S.K.Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S.Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp128-146). Shillong: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Bhattacharya, P. and Palit, S. 2004 Silviculture for joint forest management in K.C. Malhotra, S.K.Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S.Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp176-197). Shillong: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Biswas, P.K. 2005. Joint forest management for sustainable rural development, in M.C.Behera (Ed.) Globalisation and Rural Development: Understanding New Development Paradigm). (pp88-101). New Delhi: Commonwealth Publishers.
Debnath, D. 2005. Livelihood option for poverty eradication through forest resources: Experiences from undivided Madhya Pradesh. In S.N.Choudhary (Ed.) Human Rights and Poverty in India (pp79-92), New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Pandey, A. and Debnath, D. 2004. NTFP in Economic system of traditional communities: A study from three districts from Madhya Pradesh in KK Mishra (Ed.), Anthropology New Global Order and other essays in Era of Globalisation: Issues and Concerns and Other Essays (pp 163-184). New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Pandey, A., Bholerao, A, and Sharma, B. 2004. Tribal economy and collective management of village common: A case study from drought prone district of Rajasthan in K.K. Mishra (Ed.), Anthropology-New Global Order and other essays in Era of Globalisation: Issues and Concerns and Other Essays (pp 146-162). New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company.
Prasad, R. and Bhattacharya P. 2004. Participatory Silviculture for JFM, in Ed. Bahuguna et al., Root to Canopy: Regenerating Forest through Community-State Partnerships, published by the Commonwealth Forestry Association-India Chapter at MoEF and Winrock International, India, New Delhi, pp. 255-265.
Singhal, R. 2004 Gender and Equity. In K.C. Malhotra, S.K. Barik, B.K.Tiwari, and R.S. Tripathi (eds.) Joint Forest Management in North East India: A Trainers Resource Book. (pp. 169-172). Shilling: NAEB, North Eastern Hill University.
Krishna Kumar, K.N; VLV. Kameswari; Niraj Kumar and Shailendra Kumar.2004. 'Participatory forest protection and development through Joint Forest Management – A study from Madhya Pradesh in "Management of Natural Resources for Sustainable Livelihood and Poverty Alleviation – Volume II" NIRD, Hyderabad. pp. 555-571.
Verma, Madhu. 2003. 'Development and harmonisation of framework for Natural Resource Accounting in India – An experience from Forestry and Wetland Ecosystem', Book on Proceeding of the 4th National Workshop on Environment Statistics organised by CSO, MoSPI, Govt. of India.
Bhattacharya, P. and Mittra, Bhaskar. 2002. Sustainable medicinal plants conservation in the JFM areas: a case from Madhya Pradesh, India, Proceedings of the Regional Workshop Conservation of medicinal and Aromatic Plants in South Asia (Ed. N.Bhattarai & M. Karki) IDRC, Canada, pp. 226-237.
Bhattacharya, P. and Mittra, B. 2003. Lesson from Self-initiated Forest Protection Systems: Case Studies from India, in Ed. S. B. Roy, Contemporary Studies in Natural Management in India, Inter India Publications, New Delhi, pp. 93-126.
Debnath D, 2002. Checking Tribal encroachments on Forest Land through JFM Activities; the case of Khargone District in MP, Indian Tribal Life Ed by Chaturbhuj Sahu, Sarup and Sons, New Delhi pp. 114-121.
Prasad, R. and Bhattacharya, P. 2003. Sustainable Harvesting of Medicinal Plant Resources, in Ed. S. B. Roy, Contemporary Studies in Natural Management in India, Inter India Publications, New Delhi, pp. 168-198.
Verma, Madhu; Bakshi, Nishita and Nair P.K. Ramesh 2003. Economic Valuation of Bhoj Wetland for Sustainable Use in Jyoti K. Parikh and T.L. Raghuram eds. Reconciling Environment and Economics. Executive Summaries of EERC Projects. Environmental Economics Research Committee under the Ministry of Environment and Forests implemented by the World Bank aided "India: Environmental Management Capacity Building (EMCaB) Project. Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai pp 31-35.
Bhattacharya, P and Ram Prasad.2001. National wood fuel energy situation: integration of wood energy in the curricula for forestry training education RWEDP FAO report no. 50.
Bhattacharya, P., Joshi Bharati.2001. Public forest, Fuelwood Collection and Migration: AZ Case study of North West Bengal in Regional Wood Energy Programme in Asia, FAO Field Document No. 60.
Pandey, A. 1998. A Study of Indigenous Community Based Forest Management System: Sarna Co-author S Patnaik in Book Conserving The Sacred: For Biodiversity Management, Ed. By P S Ramakrishan, KG Saxena, U M Chandrasekhar, 1998, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
Surayya, Teki. 1999. Book. Scan: Financial Services by M.Y. Khan, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd, New Delhi. 8Ms Journal of Indian Management and Strategy, July – Sept. 1999 Vol. 4. Pp. 63.
Debnath, D. 1998. Dhanak, Rajasthan (People of India) volume XXXVIII, part I general editor K.S. Singh anthropological survey of India. Popular prakashan Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai pp. 275-278.
Debnath, D. 1998. Natrayat Rajput, Rajatsthan (People of India) volume XXXVIII, part I general editor K.S. Singh anthropological survey of India. Popular prakashan Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai pp. 700-703.
Debnath, D. 1998.Tribal – forest relationship, in tribal situation in India: issues in development (with special reference to western India), ed. Vidyut Joshi, 1998, Jaipur and New Delhi: Rawat publications.
Debnath, D.1998. Bhangi Rajasthan (people of India), volume XXXVIII, part I general editor K.S. Singh anthropological survey of India. Popular prakashan Pvt. Ltd. Mumbai pp. 130-133.
Debnath, D. 1998 " Chutbhaiya Rajput " Rajsthan (People of India) Vol. XXXVIII, Part II General editor K S Singh, Anthropological Survey of India, Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd.,Mumbai pp 700-703.
Parul Rishi. 1998. Attentional diffusion in Hyperactive Children: Effect of Processing Demand, Chapter contributed in the book 'Current Issues in Cognition Psychology," Edited by Prof. AK Sen, Delhi University 1998, Chapter 9, pp 94-105, Campus Publishers New Delhi .
Bhattacharya, P. 1996. From Conflict to Collaboration: A case of Forest Protection Committee of West Bengal, India. Pub.RECOFTC, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 1996. Case Study Series. CR 005/96
Bhattacharya, P. 1995-96. "Community Forestry: A Case Study Kudada", Bihar, 1995. In book – Experiences from Participatory Forest Management (Ed. S. B. Roy), pp. 144-159. Inter India Publication, New Delhi.
Bhattacharya, P. 1996. Grassroots Forest Protection: Eastern Indian Experience", Published jointly with Asia Forest Network. Research Network Report No. 7, March, 1996. Center for South Asia Students University of California, Berkeley USA, PP 84.
Debnath, D. 1996. A paper on "Barda" in Encyclopedic profile of Indian Tribes'Vol.no.I (ed.) by Sachidanand and R.R.Prasad , Discovery Publishing House ,Jan.1996 pp 69-71.
Debnath, D. 1996. A paper on Saharia in Encyclopedic profile of Indian Tribes Vol. no. I (ed. by Sachidanand and R.R.Prasad ), Discovery Publishing House ,Jan.1996 pp 885-886.
Kumar, Niraj. 1996. 'Human elements in organisation' in Hindu speaks on management' (Ed Vol) pp 173-176, Kasturi and Sons ltd. Madras.
Mark Poffenberger ; P. Bhattacharya; Arvind Khare, Ajay Rai, S.B. Roy, Neera singh and Kundan Singh. 1996. Grassroots Forest Protection: Eastern Indian Experiences (co-author). Asia Forest Network Research Report. Number 7, March, 1996. Centre for Southeast Asia Studies, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. pp.84.
Roy, S. B; M. Chatterji; G. Yadav; R. Mukherjee and P. Bhattacharya. 1996. Group sensitisation and Participatory Rural Appraisal – Process documentation of Training for Indian Foresters – co-author of the book, pp. 159, Inter India Publication, New Delhi, India,
Bhattacharya, P. 1995. "Mushroom" – A Wild edible plants for Forest Dwelling Villagers in West Bengal. Pub. Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products, Volume 2. No. 3& 4, pp. 146-148.
Debnath, D. 1993. Review article on book titled "Tribal India: past and present" by Prof. Sachindananda in Indian Anthropology, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 92-94.
Melkania, N.P. and Uma Melkania. 1990-91. Environment and human health pp. 347-361. In: I Mohan (ed.). The fragile environment, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
Melkania, N.P. and Uma Melkania. 1990-91. Ecosystem acidification: A global perspective. In M. Balakrishnan (ed.) environmental problems and prospects in India, Narogric Centre for International Agricultural Development, Norway.
Melkania, N.P. 1990-91. Mountain water ecosystems: ecological status and future perspective, pp 1-32. In S.D. Bhatta and R. K. Pandey (Eds) ecology of mountain waters, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
Melkania, N.P. 1990-91. Traditional tree cultivation strategies of Indian farmers: Case study from central Himalayan in MM Shrivastava (ed.) environmental reviews. Doon publishers, Dehradun.
Melkania, N.P. and S.L. Shah, 1990. Rehabilitation of degraded Civil/Soyam/other community lands through fuel and fodder species plantations in Central Himalaya, pp. 287-300. In : R. Akhtar (ed.) Environmental Pollution and Health problems, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
Melkania, N.P.1989. Alnus nepalensis D. Don-A potential nitrogen fixing tree species for mountainous community wastelands. pp. 271-277. In I. Mohan (ed.) Environmental Pollution and Management, Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi.
Melkania, N.P. and J.S.Singh. 1989. Ecology of Indian grasslands, pp. 67-99. In: J.S.Singh and B. Gopal (eds.) Perspectives in Ecology, Jagmander Book Agency, New Delhi.
Biswas, P.K. 1988. Extension & Marketing in Social Forestry Programme in the book – Forest and Forest Development in India edited by Buddhadev Chaudhuri & AK Maiti, Inter India Publications, New Delhi, February 1989.
Melkania, N.P. 1988. Status and Potentials of sub-alpine and alpine meadows: a Central Himalayan study. In : P. Singh (ed.) Pasture and Forage Crops Research – A State of Knowledge Report, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, PP. 97-110.
Melkania, Uma; Melkania, N.P. and B.N. JOhri. 1988. State of forests in Kumaun and their regeneration. In: K.S. Valdiya (ed/.) Kumaun: Land and People, Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nainital. pp. 243-251.


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A George Barițiu Főgimnázium Kolozsvár első román tannyelvű középiskolája. A Bartha Miklós (Emil Isac) utcában helyezkedik el.

Története
Az erdélyi kormányzótanács  alapította intézmény 1919. október 19-én nyílt meg a Malom utcában a korábbi iparmúzeum és iskola épületében; első igazgatója Alexandru Ciura volt. Az első tanévben a nyolcosztályos gimnáziumban összesen 278 diák tanult, majd a létszám az 1920-as és 1930-as években öt-hétszáz fősre gyarapodott. 1950-ben az intézmény átköltözött a jelenlegi épületébe, az 1940-es évek első felében épült kereskedelmi középiskolába. 1969–1977 között speciális kémia szakos líceumként, 1977–1990 között ipari líceumként működött. 1990-től ismét elméleti líceumként működött; a reál tagozat matematika-fizika szakkal, a humán tagozat pedig román-olasz szakkal. Egy 1996-ban aláírt kormányközi memorandum alapján az olasz állam támogatást nyújt a két tannyelvű képzéshez. 2000-től a reál tagozat matematika-informatika szakossá vált; ugyanettől az évtől az intézmény főgimnáziumként működik.

Híres diákjai
Ioan Alexandru (1941–2000) költő, politikus; Nicolae Balotă (1925–2014) irodalomkritikus; Teodor Boşca (1922–1987) műfordító; Viorel Cacoveanu író, drámaíró; Alexandru Căprariu költő; Petru Creţia (1927–1997) esztéta, irodalomkritikus; Valeriu Cristea (1937–1999) író, irodalomkritikus; Emil Giurgiuca (1906–1992) költő; Dumitru Micu (1928–) irodalomkritikus, irodalomtörténész; Ion Negoiţescu (1921–1993) irodalomkritikus, irodalomtörténész; Francisc Păcurariu (1920–1997) író, költő; Marian Papahagi (1948–1999) irodalomkritikus, esszéista, műfordító; Ion Papuc író; Liviu Petrescu (1941–1999) irodalomkritikus, irodalomtörténész; Adrian Popescu költő; Olimpia Radu esszéista; Ion Raţiu (1917–2000) politikus; Cornel Regman (1919–1999) irodalomkritikus; George Sbârcea (1914–2005) zeneszerző, muzikológus; Horia Stanca színikritikus; Radu Stanca (1920–1962) költő, drámaíró; Aurel Şorobetea író; Petre Ţuţea filozófus (1902–1991)

Források

Kolozsvár középiskolái

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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McConnell refuses to endorse bipartisan stimulus, risking deal
Dec. 8, 2020 at 5:50 am Updated Jan. 7, 2021 at 5:52 am
Laura Litvan
Erik Wasson
Almost a week after Democratic congressional leaders climbed down from their demand for a multitrillion dollar stimulus package, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., continued to tout his own plan, endangering prospects for a compromise.
McConnell's top priority — federal limits on covid-19 related lawsuits against businesses — has emerged as the key potential dealbreaker. Republicans have balked at the six-month moratorium proposed in a bipartisan stimulus package, saying it's too limited, and talks have stalled.
McConnell's continued use of rhetoric that predates the shift by House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., and Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer, D-N.Y., on the overall dollar amount of aid underscored the risk of no further covid-19 help by year-end.
"Drop the all-or nothing tactics," McConnell said of Democrats on the Senate floor on Monday. He again called on Schumer to allow a vote on a targeted bill that provides extended unemployment insurance, small-business aid and funding for vaccine distribution.
Senators from both sides of the aisle concluded that the prospects for a $908 billion compromise that Republican and Democratic negotiators are hashing out will come down to McConnell's decision. Several GOP members have endorsed or been open to the plan, and top White House economic adviser Larry Kudlow said President Donald Trump would likely sign it. McConnell is engaging the negotiators even though he hasn't budged.
"I'm optimistic we're going to get somewhere," McConnell told reporters Monday. "But I have no report at the moment about how."
The Republican and Democratic negotiators continued to butt heads over aid for states and localities as well as the coronavirus liability protection for businesses.
"Those are coupled together," said Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas, who couldn't predict whether the relief package will be enacted. "There's either going to be none for both of those, or both of those that are going to be provided for. My hope is we'll do both."
Republicans have blasted state assistance as a bailout for mainly Democratic areas, while Democrats have refused to give employers a shield from lawsuits over poor protection against the spread of covid-19.
Time is running ever shorter on getting a deal, which South Dakota Sen. John Thune, the No. 2 Republican in that chamber, said Monday would be attached to either a stopgap federal spending bill or omnibus appropriations legislation that funds the government into 2021.
The House will vote on a continuing resolution Wednesday to keep the federal government running for an additional week, before the existing stopgap runs out Friday night. McConnell said the Senate would approve that "whenever we get it" from the House.
Spending Bill
Negotiators have also been running into hurdles on the omnibus spending bill, including over money the Trump administration wants assigned for border wall construction. Dozens of other policy fights have sprung up, such as House Democratic moves to protect the sage grouse bird and provide money for police anti-racism training.
Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Richard Shelby, R-Ala., said he talked Monday with Pelosi about that bill and told her "there are a lot of things in your bill that we are not going to take."
Shelby also said, "This week is pivotal."
Speaking about the covid-19 relief proposal, McConnell said it's getting "down to the wire."
Schumer blamed his GOP counterpart for stalling the compromise effort. He and Pelosi publicly endorsed the $908 billion plan last Wednesday, after having made a new pitch to McConnell two days before. They previously sought a $2.4 trillion bill.
"We want the leader to sit down and negotiate so we can come up with a bipartisan proposal that can pass the House and the Senate," Schumer said on the Senate floor. He highlighted that some economists are warning of a double-dip recession if Congress fails to pass a deal.
Members of the bipartisan team working on a compromise retained their hope that success is still possible.
Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, D-N.H., said she was "hopeful." She concluded, "It depends on what Mitch McConnell wants to do."
Sen. Mitt Romney, R-Utah, worried about an increased number of negotiators potentially bogging things down but said: "We haven't been told that there's a drop-dead date. We're going to keep working until it's done."
"A lot of text has been written," Sen. Bill Cassidy, R-La., said. The group is "still working through it."
Most Read Nation & World Stories
Trump plans to live at Mar-a-Lago and employ some current aides

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


John Reeves, the assistant at Fairview Country Club in Greenwich, Conn., who became a member of the PGA last summer, reached the final of the Westchester PGA championship yesterday with an upset triumph over Rick Vershure, the head pro at Quaker Ridge and the No. 2-seeded player, on the 20th hole of their match at the Ridgeway Country Club. Reeves will face Bobby Heins of Old Oaks in the final of the $10,000 tournament.


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Articulated body pose estimation in computer vision is the study of algorithms and systems that recover the pose of an articulated body, which consists of joints and rigid parts using image-based observations. It is one of the longest-lasting problems in computer vision because of the complexity of the models that relate observation with pose, and because of the variety of situations in which it would be useful.

Description

Perception of human beings in their neighboring environment is an important capability that robots must possess. If a person uses gestures to point to a particular object, then the interacting machine should be able to understand the situation in real world context. Thus pose estimation is an important and challenging problem in computer vision, and many algorithms have been deployed in solving this problem over the last two decades. Many solutions involve training complex models with large data sets.

Pose estimation is a difficult problem and an active subject of research because the human body has 244 degrees of freedom with 230 joints. Although not all movements between joints are evident, the human body is composed of 10 large parts with 20 degrees of freedom. Algorithms must account for large variability introduced by differences in appearance due to clothing, body shape, size, and hairstyles. Additionally, the results may be ambiguous due to partial occlusions from self-articulation, such as a person's hand covering their face, or occlusions from external objects. Finally, most algorithms estimate pose from monocular (two-dimensional) images, taken from a normal camera. Other issues include varying lighting and camera configurations. The difficulties are compounded if there are additional performance requirements. These images lack the three-dimensional information of an actual body pose, leading to further ambiguities. There is recent work in this area wherein images from RGBD cameras provide information about color and depth.

Sensors
The typical articulated body pose estimation system involves a model-based approach, in which the pose estimation is achieved by maximizing/minimizing a similarity/dissimilarity between an observation (input) and a template model. Different kinds of sensors have been explored for use in making the observation, including the following:
 Visible wavelength imagery,
 Long-wave thermal infrared imagery,
 Time-of-flight imagery, and
 Laser range scanner imagery.

These sensors produce intermediate representations that are directly used by the model. The representations include the following:
 Image appearance,
 Voxel (volume element) reconstruction,
 3D point clouds, and sum of Gaussian kernels
 3D surface meshes.

Classical models

Part models
The basic idea of part based model can be attributed to the human skeleton. Any object having the property of articulation can be broken down into smaller parts wherein each part can take different orientations, resulting in different articulations of the same object. Different scales and orientations of the main object can be articulated to scales and orientations of the corresponding parts. To formulate the model so that it can be represented in mathematical terms, the parts are connected to each other using springs. As such, the model is also known as a spring model. The degree of closeness between each part is accounted for by the compression and expansion of the springs. There is geometric constraint on the orientation of
springs. For example, limbs of legs cannot move 360 degrees. Hence parts cannot have that extreme orientation. This reduces the possible permutations.

The spring model forms a graph G(V,E) where V (nodes) corresponds to the parts and E (edges) represents springs connecting two neighboring parts. Each location in the image can be reached by the  and  coordinates of the pixel location. Let  be point at  location. Then the cost associated in joining the spring between  and the  point can be given by . Hence the
total cost associated in placing  components at locations  is given by

The above equation simply represents the spring model used to describe body pose. To estimate pose from images, cost or energy function must be minimized. This energy function consists of two terms. The first is related to how each component matches the image data and the second deals with how much the
oriented (deformed) parts match, thus accounting for articulation along with object detection.

The part models, also known as pictorial structures, are of one of the basic models on which other efficient models are built by slight modification. One such example is the flexible mixture model which reduces the database of hundreds or thousands of deformed parts by exploiting the notion of local rigidity.

Articulated model with quaternion
The kinematic skeleton is constructed by a tree-structured chain. Each rigid body segment has its local coordinate system that can be transformed to the world coordinate system via a 4×4 transformation matrix ,

where  denotes the local transformation from body segment  to its parent . Each joint in the body has 3 degrees of freedom (DoF) rotation. Given a transformation matrix  , the joint position at the T-pose can be transferred to its corresponding position in the world coordination. In many works, the 3D joint rotation is expressed as a normalized quaternion  due to its continuity that can facilitate gradient-based optimization in the parameter estimation.

Deep learning based models
Since about 2016, deep learning has emerged as the dominant method for performing accurate articulated body pose estimation. Rather than building an explicit model for the parts as above, the appearances of the joints and relationships between the joints of the body are learned from large training sets. Models generally focus on extracting the 2D positions of joints (keypoints), the 3D positions of joints, or the 3D shape of the body from either a single or multiple images.

Supervised

2D joint positions
The first deep learning models that emerged focused on extracting the 2D positions of human joints in an image. Such models take in an image and pass it through a convolutional neural network to obtain a series of heatmaps (one for each joint) which take on high values where joints are detected.

When there are multiple people per image, two main techniques have emerged for grouping joints within each person. In the first, "bottom-up" approach, the neural network is trained to also generate "part affinity fields" which indicate the location of limbs. Using these fields, joints can be grouped limb by limb by solving a series of  assignment problems. In the second, "top-down" approach, an additional network is used to first detect people in the image and then the pose estimation network is applied to each image.

3D joint positions
With the advent of multiple datasets with human pose annotated in multiple views, models which detect 3D joint positions became more popular. These again fell into two categories In the first, a neural network is used to detect 2D joint positions from each view and these detections are then triangulated to obtain 3D joint positions. The 2D network may be refined to produce better detections based on the 3D data. Furthermore, such approaches often have filters in both 2D and 3D to refine the detected points. In the second, a neural network is trained end-to-end to predict 3D joint positions directly from a set of images, without 2D joint position intermediate detections. Such approaches often project image features into a cube and then use a 3D convolutional neural network to predict a 3D heatmap for each joint.

3D shape
Concurrently with the work above, scientists have been working on estimating the full 3D shape of a human or animal from a set of images. Most of the work is based on estimating the appropriate pose of the skinned multi-person linear (SMPL) model within an image. Variants of the SMPL model for other animals have also been developed. Generally, some keypoints and a silhouette are detected for each animal within the image, and then the parameters 3D shape model are fit to match the position of keypoints and silhouette.

Unsupervised
The above algorithms all rely on annotated images, which can be time-consuming to produce. To address this issue, computer vision researchers have developed new algorithms which can learn 3D keypoints given only annotated 2D images from a single view or identify keypoints given videos without any annotations.

Applications

Assisted living
Personal care robots may be deployed in future assisted living homes. For these robots, high-accuracy human detection and pose estimation is necessary to perform a variety of tasks, such as fall detection. Additionally, this application has a number of performance constraints.

Character animation
Traditionally, character animation has been a manual process. However, poses can be synced directly to a real-life actor through specialized pose estimation systems. Older systems relied on markers or specialized suits. Recent advances in pose estimation and motion capture have enabled markerless applications, sometimes in real time.

Intelligent driver assisting system
Car accidents account for about two percent of deaths globally each year. As such, an intelligent system tracking driver pose may be useful for emergency alerts . Along the same lines, pedestrian detection algorithms have been used successfully in autonomous cars, enabling the car to make smarter decisions.

Video games
Commercially, pose estimation has been used in the context of video games, popularized with the Microsoft Kinect sensor (a depth camera). These systems track the user to render their avatar in-game, in addition to performing tasks like gesture recognition to enable the user to interact with the game. As such, this application has a strict real-time requirement.

Medical Applications
Pose estimation has been used to detect postural issues such as scoliosis by analyzing abnormalities in a patient's posture, physical therapy, and the study of the cognitive brain development of young children by monitoring motor functionality.

Other applications
Other applications include video surveillance, animal tracking and behavior understanding, sign language detection, advanced human–computer interaction, and markerless motion capturing.

Related technology
A commercially successful but specialized computer vision-based articulated body pose estimation technique is optical motion capture. This approach involves placing markers on the individual at strategic locations to capture the 6 degrees-of-freedom of each body part.

Research groups
A number of groups and companies are researching pose estimation, including groups at Brown University, Carnegie Mellon University, MPI Saarbruecken, Stanford University, the University of California, San Diego, the University of Toronto, the École Centrale Paris, ETH Zurich, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), the University of California, Irvine and Polytechnic University of Catalonia.

Companies
At present, several companies are working on articulated body pose estimation.
 Bodylabs: Bodylabs is a Manhattan-based software provider of human-aware artificial intelligence.

References

External links
Michael J. Black, Professor at Brown University
Research Project Page of German Cheung at Carnegie Mellon University
Homepage of Dr.-Ing at MPI Saarbruecken
Markerless Motion Capture Project at Stanford
Computer Vision and Robotics Research Laboratory at the University of California, San Diego
Research Projects of David J. Fleet at the University of Toronto
Ronald Poppe at the University of Twente.
Professor Nikos Paragios at the Ecole Centrale de Paris
Articulated Pose Estimation with Flexible Mixtures of Parts Project at UC Irvine
http://screenrant.com/crazy3dtechnologyjamescameronavatarkofi3367/
2D articulated human pose estimation software
Articulated Pose Estimation with Flexible Mixtures of Parts

Computer vision


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The "Coach" Jon Cohn is a 1974 graduate of New Trier High West High School in Northfield Illinois, and a 1978 grad (barely) from the University Of Illinois. A Phyical Education major, Cohn began his career as an elementary school Physical Education Teacher. He then spent 6 years as athletic director at The Glenview Park District in Glenview, Illinois.
In 1989 he started his own business, JC Sports 'N' Tees inc, an imprinted sportswear and advertising specialties business, which is now 20 years and still going strong !
Throughout his career, Cohn has coached sports at all levels. A variety of youth sports (basketball, baseball, volleyball, football, soccer) and he has coached for over 15 years as a high school varsity coach in both basketball and girls softball. Cohn has also given numerous coaching clinics over the years.
Currently he is the Head Varsity Girl's Basketball coach at North Shore Country Day School in Winnetka, Illinois. Cohn was never formally trained in radio or TV but he did get the "bug" about 20 years ago. Over the years he has hosted two radio shows: "The Naked Truth About Sports" and "The Morning Break". He also appeared for three years on The Score Sportsradio 670, hosting the Saturday Night Overnight Show. In addition, Cohn has announced High School football and basketball for Comcast Sports Television for over 15 years, and is still currently doing so.
Married, with two teenage sons, Cohn hopes "2 Guys And A Mic" will be his final stop!


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text:
Dallas / Fort Worth and Me
Texas Through Yellow-Rose Tinted Glasses
Posted on February 14, 2008 February 21, 2008 by Floyd
National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame, Fort Worth
I'm not sure exactly why, but for some reason most museums seem paranoid that you're going to steal their ideas, or even their properties somehow, if you take a camera onto the premises. That's certainly the case with the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame, which is dedicated to the women of the American West. It's located in Fort Worth just across the street from the Will Rogers Memorial Center, where they hold the Fort Worth Stock Show every year. It's also conveniently near the Fort Worth Museum of Science and History (FWMSH), which is currently in ruins as they expand and renovate.
Here's what the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame looks like from the outside. It's a well-done pale-brown brick building with what appear, to me, to be Art Deco features — not that I'm an architect or anything, but if you've read many of these reviews, you know how I am. It's kind of hard to see in this photo, but if you peer closely at the plinth there at the top of the building, you'll see that it was originally called the Nancy Lee Bass Cowgirl Hall. Yep, that's the same Nancy Lee Bass whose name appears on the Bass Performance Hall in downtown Fort Worth. The Museum itself was established in 1975; I don't know how old the building is.
Here's what the entryway looks like. I like the retro look to the marquee and, actually, the other decorative elements too.
But before we go in, you and I, allow me to divert your attention to this breathtaking bronze sculpture located a bit to the left of the entry. It's titled "High Desert Princess," and it's by the noted Western artist Mehl Lawson. It was installed here in 2003. I think it's impressive, and I could almost feel the wind as I was looking at it.
Now that you too have been awed, let's step inside. The interior of the building is open and airy, with a high ceiling. Beyond the foyer is the museum area, which is arrayed around a circular atrium that's quite classically influenced. There are two floors of exhibits. The first floor is partly taken up by a preview of exhibits from the FWMSH, which I didn't bother with; I'll wait to review them in detail when the big museum's back in order. In any case, here's what the entranceway to the Cowgirl Museum looks like.
Sadly, that's about all I'm allowed to show you, since the standard museum no-photography rule was very much in effect (*sigh*).
I was particularly taken by the large glass portraits on the walls of the upstairs mezzanine, just below the railing, which you can view from either floor as you walk around the museum. I wish I had a photo, but oh well. Somehow, the artist has managed to superimpose several images on each glass, so that they change as you walk around the atrium. There are display cases imbedded here and there on the walls, of course, along with plaques, photographs, and poster displays extolling various Western women; but most of the exhibits are in various halls that open off the atrium. As you might expect, there's a plethora of artifacts, graphic images, and even video presentations chronicling working cowgirls, modern and otherwise; and rodeo cowgirls don't go wanting. A few of the items, such as rodeo cowgirl advertisements for Wrangler jeans, I'd already seen at the Texas Cowboy Hall of Fame. However, they also have a fairly extensive exhibit dedicated to women who starred in Western films, like Dale Evans and Barbara Stanwyck.
This broad definition of what comprises a "cowgirl" is rather typical of the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame. Not only do they include rodeo stars like Tad Lukas, as well as women who actually lived and worked on ranches and farms, they basically include anyone female and human who lived on the frontier. For example, all the women in the family of Laura Ingalls Wilder, the famous author who chronicled her life on the frontier, are included — right down to her mom and little Carrie. They were settlers, really, but definitely part of that frontier spirit that moved white settlement west to fill up the entire continent.
This was at the expense of the Native Americans, I might add, at least one of whom they've managed to include in their definition of a cowgirl, at least peripherally. I'm referring to Sacagawea, the famous young guide who led Lewis and Clark on their long journey west, carrying and caring for her baby son Pompy* all the way. Apparently, Sacagawea is a cowgirl by their definition, and they've got a larger-than-life statue of her in their lobby, which was one of the few things I was allowed to photograph.
They're also quite proud of the fact that she's on the golden dollar coin, and have a couple on display. Now, I can't see how they can include most other Native American women in the definition, unless — like Sacagawea — they had married into a white family. Given her contributions to the Lewis and Clark expedition (among other things, she risked her life to rescue their field journals in a raging river), she may be considered by the Museum to be an honorary cowgirl.
The National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame is an enjoyable place to spend an hour or two if you're in the neighborhood. It's open Monday-Saturday, 9 AM-5 PM, and Sundays 12-5 PM. Admission is $8 for adults, $7 for seniors over 60 and kids 3-12, and free for younger kids. It's located at 1720 Gendy Street in Fort Worth, in close proximity to the Will Rogers Memorial Center, Amon Carter Museum, Kimball Art Museum, and the Fort Worth Museum of Science and History (what's left of it). For more information, check their website at http://www.cowgirl.net/generalinfo.asp.
*Interestingly enough, Pompy was later formally educated at the expense of Clark himself. He even lived in Europe for six years.
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text:
Q: Multiply / add Google OR Tools IntVar's and Constants in Java I currently started working with Google OR Tools CP-Sat Solver in Java and facing Problems with simple mathematical equations including constants and the OR-Tools internal "IntVar".
A Small Example of my Problem:
    // Variables
    IntVar a = model.newIntVar(0, 5, "a");
    IntVar b = model.newIntVar(0, 5, "b");
    int c = 1;

    // Constraint
    model.addEquality(a, a * c); // Cannot apply * with IntVar and int
    model.addEquality(a, a + b); // Cannot Apply + with IntVars

    // What I want to achieve
    model.addEquality(a, a * c + b);

I'm used to Python where these type - problematic didnt really exist, there a simple model.Add(a == a * c + b)
did the job.
Also Or-Tools LinearExpr.sum or LinearExpr.term didnt help me at all.
Has anyone worked with CP-Sat Optimization Problems in Java and knows a workaround?

A: There are no operator overloading in java.
So you are stuck with the LinearExpr methods.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


I am contacting you concerning my order below (Amharic 101,102, 103 and 104 pakket on CD) which I received in may 2015. I already started the courses and I am SO happy with it, and finally feel I am going to learn the language. I thank you and your team for providing this service, I am finally feeling I will connect to my heritage properly and I can't wait for my planned visit to Ethiopia in 2017!


text:
Q: AngularJS Showing/Hiding content and swapping an image I have a basic widget block:

Browse live products

                    {{content}}

And here is the empty controller:
appAdmin.controller("ProductsCtrl", function($scope){

});

I'm using ng-click to hide/show the content, but I am trying to default the content to be visible, and also try to swap the image for the icon chevron down whenever it's hidden.  I am very new to Angular and am looking for some direction in adding models and things to make these simple features work.
Any help would be appreciated.
EDIT: Made default visible by switching ng-class="{ 'hidden' : !showContent }" to ng-class="{ 'hidden' : showContent }"

A: For the content to be visible by default, I would set $scope.showContent to true in the controller. You can use ng-class to change the chevron icon class based on the value of showContent in the following way: . Only the keys of the truthy values will be applied, so it will be either icon-chevron-up or icon-chevron-down. Let me know if I misunderstood your question!


Life aboard the polar research vessel SA Agulhas II was an education on its own, according to this report by five ocean climate dynamics master's students who headed into the frigid Southern Ocean in August.
The training course is organized by the Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and is hosted by the University of Cape Town and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) of South Africa.
The purpose of the course is to train early-career scientists and researchers from IAEA African Member States entering the ocean acidification field, with the goal to assist them in becoming able to measure ocean acidification and to set up pertinent experiments, avoiding typical pitfalls and ensuring comparability with other studies. Expected outputs also include increased networking among scientists working on ocean acidification in Africa.
In order to predict changing climate patterns in the coming years and decades, scientists need to understand the various interactions that take place within what is referred to as the earth system. This means understanding and predicting the interactions between atmosphere, land surface, ocean and sea ice, - known as the physical system - as well as the biogeochemical processes, such as the carbon cycle, which interact with this physical system. Today scientists can sucessfully model this system, but it entails an immense level of computing power. This is why the Department of Oceanography is partnering with UCT eResearch to use high performance computing (HPC) facilities for ocean and climate modelling.
The Oceanography Department wants to congratulate Dr. Mark Matthews on being the winner of the Copernicus Masters Ideas Challenge 2014, for his idea on CyanoLakes. The Copenicus Masters 2014, which was held worldwide for the first time, received more than 170 entries from 43 different countries. The ideas submitted offer a glimpse into the next generation of Earth observation services.


This section is dedicated to indoor table tennis equipment we feel is best suited for use in educational and commercial environments.
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When considering an indoor table tennis table for your school it's worth bearing in mind that the thickness of the table top has an effect on the quality of play. The thicker (and sometimes the denser) the table top, the higher and more consistent the bounce will be.
As the price of the table increases, generally speaking so does the thickness of the table top, and in turn, the quality of play. Indoor table tennis tables start with some of the cheaper table tops being 16mm thick, which are designed for occasional home use and will not offer a high enough bounce to be of much use in the long run. These entry-level tables will also be quite flimsy and unlikely to last very long in a school environment. Ultimately this will prove to be a false economy.
There are other areas that are also important when choosing a table tennis table for school use. A good quality table tennis table top is heavy, so you will need to make sure the undercarriage of the table is going to be sturdy enough to take the weight. When buying for a school you also need to think about how the table will be used and treated by the students. The overall strength will be a very important factor in how long the table will last.
For more personalised information please call us on 01371 875000.


text:
Q: Text view on the same line I'm trying to put two textView on the same line, but I'm having some issues. This is the view right now:

I'd like to put the Release Date on the left of the line and the Country on the right of the same line. I tried to put that block in a linear layout, but everything goes on the upper left corner of the screen. This is my code:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#1f1f1f"
    android:id="@+id/detail_activity"
    tools:context="com.lab.movietime.View.Activity.Activity.Activity.DetailActivity">

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/_16sdp"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/_16sdp"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/_16sdp"
        tools:context="com.lab.movietime.View.Activity.Activity.Activity.DetailActivity">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/ll1"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="@dimen/_80sdp"
                android:layout_height="@dimen/_30sdp"
                android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_10sdp"
                android:background="@drawable/logoss"
                android:layout_gravity="center"/>

        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_below="@id/ll1"
            android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_10sdp"
            android:id="@+id/youtubePlayer"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <com.pierfrancescosoffritti.androidyoutubeplayer.core.player.views.YouTubePlayerView
                android:id="@+id/youtube_player_view"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                app:showFullScreenButton="false" />
        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/container"
            android:layout_below="@id/youtubePlayer"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:paddingTop="@dimen/_9sdp"
            android:orientation="horizontal">

            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/posterImg"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="@dimen/_180sdp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:scaleType="centerCrop"
                android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"/>

            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/_11sdp"
                android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_3sdp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:orientation="vertical">

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:text="MovieTitle"
                    android:id="@+id/movieTitle"
                    android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
                    android:textStyle="bold"/>

                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/genresTextView"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    tools:text="Action, Adventure, Science Fiction, Thriller"/>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    android:text="Rating"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
                    android:textStyle="bold"/>

                <RatingBar
                    android:id="@+id/listitemrating"
                    android:layout_width="236dp"
                    android:layout_height="43dp"
                    android:numStars="5"
                    android:scaleX="0.5"
                    android:scaleY="0.5"
                    android:theme="@style/RatingBar"
                    android:transformPivotX="@dimen/_10sdp"
                    android:transformPivotY="0dp" />

                <Button
                    android:id="@+id/favButton"
                    android:layout_width="match_parent"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:background="@drawable/layout_rounded_corner"
                    android:text="Add to watchlist"/>

            </LinearLayout>
        </LinearLayout>

        <!-- BEGINNING BLOCK -->

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/container"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Release Date"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/countryHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Country"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/countryHeader"
            android:id="@+id/countryTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>

        <!-- END OF BLOCK -->

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/overviewHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/countryTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Overview"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/overviewHeader"
            android:id="@+id/overviewTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:background="@layout/rounded_border_textview"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
            tools:text="Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond."/>

        <ProgressBar
            android:id="@+id/progressBar"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>

    </RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

The block I wanna insert is that inside the comment. This is the result if I create a Linear Layout:

A: Put those items in a Relativelayout and set them as alignpatentend
 <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/container"

        >

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Release Date"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/countryHeader"
            android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Country"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/countryHeader"
            android:id="@+id/countryTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>

        <!-- END OF BLOCK -->

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/overviewHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/countryTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Overview"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/overviewHeader"
            android:id="@+id/overviewTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:background="@layout/rounded_border_textview"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
            tools:text="Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond."/>

        <ProgressBar
            android:id="@+id/progressBar"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>
    </RelativeLayout>

A: Check this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#1f1f1f"
    android:id="@+id/detail_activity"
    tools:context="com.lab.movietime.View.Activity.Activity.Activity.DetailActivity">

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:paddingBottom="@dimen/_16sdp"
        android:paddingLeft="@dimen/_16sdp"
        android:paddingRight="@dimen/_16sdp"
        tools:context="com.lab.movietime.View.Activity.Activity.Activity.DetailActivity">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:id="@+id/ll1"
            android:orientation="vertical">
            <ImageView
                android:layout_width="@dimen/_80sdp"
                android:layout_height="@dimen/_30sdp"
                android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_10sdp"
                android:background="@drawable/logoss"
                android:layout_gravity="center"/>

        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_below="@id/ll1"
            android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_10sdp"
            android:id="@+id/youtubePlayer"
            android:orientation="vertical" >

            <com.pierfrancescosoffritti.androidyoutubeplayer.core.player.views.YouTubePlayerView
                android:id="@+id/youtube_player_view"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                app:showFullScreenButton="false" />
        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/container"
            android:layout_below="@id/youtubePlayer"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:paddingTop="@dimen/_9sdp"
            android:orientation="horizontal">

            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/posterImg"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="@dimen/_180sdp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:scaleType="centerCrop"
                android:background="@android:color/darker_gray"/>

            <LinearLayout
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/_11sdp"
                android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/_3sdp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:orientation="vertical">

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:text="MovieTitle"
                    android:id="@+id/movieTitle"
                    android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
                    android:textStyle="bold"/>

                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/genresTextView"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    tools:text="Action, Adventure, Science Fiction, Thriller"/>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
                    android:text="Rating"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
                    android:textStyle="bold"/>

                <RatingBar
                    android:id="@+id/listitemrating"
                    android:layout_width="236dp"
                    android:layout_height="43dp"
                    android:numStars="5"
                    android:scaleX="0.5"
                    android:scaleY="0.5"
                    android:theme="@style/RatingBar"
                    android:transformPivotX="@dimen/_10sdp"
                    android:transformPivotY="0dp" />

                <Button
                    android:id="@+id/favButton"
                    android:layout_width="match_parent"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:textColor="#ffffff"
                    android:background="@drawable/layout_rounded_corner"
                    android:text="Add to watchlist"/>

            </LinearLayout>
        </LinearLayout>

        <!-- BEGINNING BLOCK -->

        <LinearLayout
            android:id="@+id/linear"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_below="@id/container"
            android:weightSum="2">

        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center"
            >
        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/container"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Release Date"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:id="@+id/releaseDateTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>

        </RelativeLayout>

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:layout_weight="1">
        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/countryHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/releaseDateHeader"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Country"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/countryHeader"
            android:id="@+id/countryTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            tools:text="ff"/>
    </RelativeLayout>
        </LinearLayout>
        <!-- END OF BLOCK -->

        <TextView
            android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
            android:id="@+id/overviewHeader"
            android:layout_below="@id/linear"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:text="Overview"
            android:textAppearance="@style/Base.TextAppearance.AppCompat.Medium"
            android:textStyle="bold"/>

        <TextView
            android:layout_below="@id/overviewHeader"
            android:id="@+id/overviewTextView"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:ellipsize="end"
            android:textColor="#ffffff"
            android:background="@layout/rounded_border_textview"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
            android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
            tools:text="Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond. Twenty-two years after the events of Jurassic Park, Isla Nublar now features a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, Jurassic World, as originally envisioned by John Hammond."/>

        <ProgressBar
            android:id="@+id/progressBar"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"/>

    </RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

I've put block inside LinearLayout and inside it you have two RelativeLayout's centered. I haven't cleaned unnecessary parameters inside those 4 TextView's and I named LinearLayout "linear" but those are just cosmetic changes.