When Jade Broadus found out she was pregnant, she knew she would use all the pregnancy and baby apps and technology that she could find. "I use technology for every other aspect of my life — I am the poster child for 'there's an app for that' and have six pages of apps on my phone — so it was a no-brainer that I would use it to help with the birth of my child. It was more a question of how many and which ones, rather than if I'd use an app to help track my pregnancy."
She signed up for several apps, including the What to Expect Pregnancy & Baby Tracker to reference during her pregnancy. "I had a pretty rough pregnancy, including morning sickness that lasted the entire nine months," Jade says. "The app alerts were a way to keep up the excitement of what was happening with development. Even when I couldn't get out of bed, a little alert that the baby was the size of a kumquat made me giggle."
As for those fancy "vital stats" monitors? The breathing monitor is supposed to send an alert when you baby hasn't taken a breath in 15 seconds. But Jade's was faulty — which she admits could have been an error on her part — and, as she says, "It mainly kept me awake worrying if it was going to go off rather than eased my mind." Then there was the night that she got an alert that she says, "aged me a good 10 years." Turns out, one of the batteries needed replacing, and her baby was perfectly fine.
And that's where one of the issues with new technology comes in. Smart socks, smart diapers, and smart monitors aren't foolproof and can't replace your own mom smarts. Nor should they, according to the experts we interviewed.
"When we infuse technology into the early stages of parenting, there's a risk that it will impact the attachment between a parent and her child," says Lisa Strohman, JD, Ph.D., founder and director of Digital Citizens Academy, an organization that works with schools and teachers to help kids foster healthy relationships with technology. "Successful adults had secure attachments as babies, meaning the baby cried, a parent came in, and his or her needs were met."
And that parental attachment is key to your baby's healthy growth in so many ways. A recent study out of the University of Cambridge showed that eye contact between parents and their babies helps to synchronize their brainwaves, considered an important connection for language and learning. An earlier review of existing research, published in Pediatrics & Child Health, found that time after time, animal babies who didn't get "normal sensory stimulation," including touch, had developmental delays.
Elaine Schneider, Ph.D., certified and licensed speech and language therapist and founder of TouchTime, an organization that promotes infant and toddler massage and touch-based communication, agrees. "The main parent-child bond is formed from birth to seven months and in the first three years, new neural connections are made every second in a child's brain," she says. During this critical time, hearing, language, and critical thinking-synapses form.
Tech is not infallible, as Jade learned the hard way. Batteries die, monitors get out of range, and the power goes out.
Then there's the privacy concern of video monitors getting hacked. Strohman, who has previously worked with the FBI on safety and cyber crimes involving adolescents as well as the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, puts it simply: "If you have a video camera in your kids' room, it can be hacked. There are bad people in the world who will do just that." Unfortunately, she knows from her experience on the job.
That's not to say that all tech is bad or has no place in parenthood. New mom Annie Tomlin stayed away from all tech, save for her smart video monitor, when she had her son, who is now 11 months. "During sleep training, the monitor was particularly useful, because I had a way to see that he was fine — though it was, of course, difficult to watch him cry. Still, I was able to see what he was doing, and that was a reassurance. We still use it to peek in on him when he's sleeping."
Even Strohman concedes that there are certain situations where video monitoring is helpful for checking in on a child without disturbing him or her, such as a child with special needs, including those with Down syndrome and cystic fibrosis.
Jade, at first found the apps and tech helped give her confidence as a new mom. "I'd never spent any significant amount of time near a newborn prior to my own. There were so many 'what ifs?' that made me extra anxious after we brought her home from the hospital. The monitors and apps gave me a little reassurance that everything was okay and that I wasn't the first person or only person going through each step." That said, if she does have a second baby, she doesn't expect to be using as much.
"I've relaxed as my daughter has aged and would hope I'd trust my learned instincts for baby number two a lot more. However, I'd still use apps and monitors as the peace of mind they provide is invaluable."
As with many things in life, striking a balance and finding moderation are always the best answer. "Technology is supposed to be making things easier for parents, and it can, for example if you're checking a video monitor to make sure your baby isn't crying because her leg is stuck in the crib," says Schneider. "But don't forget human connection. We need movement, touch, and connection for children to grow." Her final word: "Use technology when it has benefits, but don't overuse it."


On face value the book may sound a little tedious when you're reading about one of the most iconic rock n roll bands being thrust into the unfamiliar territory of a court room over the use of The Doors' name, logo and commercial interests. In actual fact it has quite the opposite effect, going above and beyond the court room to bring into question so much more around greed, corporate thinking, politics, integrity, and parts of history and culture that we can learn from and use in today's society.
The preserving of Jim Morrison's legacy and philosophy is central to the story. Doors fans will know only too well his opinions on the Buick commercial incident back in the 1960s, where he refused to sell the rights of 'Light My Fire', regardless of the amount of money offered. It's that incident which left such an impression on Densmore thirty five years later that led to this situation.
The argument began to unfold when Densmore rightfully complained about Manzarek and Krieger using The Doors name and logo for forthcoming tours, which didn't include two original members of the band. Absurdly, this then led to a counter sue over the use of The Doors music for commercial exploitation, which Densmore continually vetoed against Manzarek's wishes to preserve the importance of their music, exactly how Morrison had reacted against Buick decades earlier. A $15million declined offer from Cadillac was pivotal in leading to the attempted counter sue.
The veto arrangement is a key component to the argument, which Manzarek, Krieger and their lawyers continuously try to demean. It was Morrison's suggestion that they all have an equal 25% sharing, as well as the notion that decisions have to be unanimous. If one doesn't agree, they all don't agree. This contract held them in good stead for decades, making them millionaires in the process, so why it was brought into contention years later is beyond comprehension. To simplify the case, one of the main reasons Densmore found himself embroiled in this battle is because he refused to accept $15 million from Cadillac. Amazing when you think about it that way!
The story continues to unravel and there are some comical moments too, not least when Manzarek and Krieger's lawyer states, "Do you think Stevie Nicks thinks of his music as a jingle ….." which causes much amusement in the courtroom. His tales of attending a peaceful protest with Bonnie Raitt which led to them being arrested is also a great anecdote, especially as it happened later in life, not as fresh faced revolutionaries in the 1960s.


简介: This is a six week course providing an overview of Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives, the University of Virginia and Monticello.
简介: This is a six module course providing an overview of Thomas Jefferson's work and perspectives presented by the University of Virginia in partnership with Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. Together, UVA and Monticello are recognized internationally as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
简介: Introduces students to (i) the history of Buddhist contemplative traditions in India and Tibet, (ii) innovations in scientific research on understanding contemplative practices such as mindfulness, (iii) recent adaptations of such practices in multiple professional and personal areas, and (iv) the practices themselves through brief secular contemplative exercises.
简介: This course provides an overview of the process and tools used for design thinking, and examines their application in business situations.
简介: During the early childhood years children gain knowledge and skills that provide the foundation for later learning. Young children learn many of these skills through the interactions they have with their teachers. This course is intended to increase teachers' knowledge about specific types of teacher-child interactions that promote young children's development.
简介: Learn how to analyze an organization's strategy and make recommendations to improve its value creation by building your strategist's toolkit.
简介: Fundamentals of Project Planning and Management is an introductory course on the key concepts of planning and executing projects. We will identify factors that lead to project success, and learn how to plan, analyze and manage projects. Learners will be exposed to state-of-the-art methodologies and to considering the challenges of various types of projects.
简介: This course focuses on the common growth challenges faced by existing private businesses when they attempt to grow substantially.
简介: This course focuses on the common human resource ("people") challenges faced by existing private businesses when they attempt to grow substantially. PART 1 OF THE GROW TO GREATNESS COURSE IS NOT A PREREQUISITE FOR TAKING THIS COURSE.
简介: An introduction to physics in the context of everyday objects.
简介: An investigation of the nature and limits of self-knowledge from the viewpoints of philosophy, psychoanalysis, experimental psychology, neuroscience, aesthetics, and Buddhism. Readings are drawn from classical Western, non-Western, and contemporary sources.
简介: Examine the critical role that business plays in society, and learn about the exciting new models of business that are changing the way that companies create value.
简介: A unique and exciting introduction to the genre and craft of historical fiction, for curious students, aspiring authors--anyone with a passion for the past. Read classics of the genre, encounter bestselling writers of historical fiction, and discover your own historical archive while interacting with a global community of interested readers.
简介: Want to learn how U.S. public policy is really made? Want to hear directly from political leaders on how things get done in Washington, DC? This University of Virginia course will provide lectures from top leaders, such U.S. Senator Tim Kaine, former Congressman Tom Davis, Congressman Gerry Connolly, former White House Press Secretary Dee Dee Meyers and more.
简介: Students will learn the compelling story of how JFK's life, administration, and tragic death have influenced the general public, the media, and each of the nine U.S. presidents who followed over the Kennedy Half Century.
简介: This is a survey of modern history from a global perspective. It begins with the revolutions of the late 1700s, tracks the transformation of the world during the 1800s, and analyzes the cataclysms of last century, concluding with the new phase of world history we are experiencing today.


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Advocates and Borrowers Raise Significant Concerns as ED Declines to Name For-Profit College Borrowers to Rulemaking Committee on Borrower Defense | Press Release
The Project on Predatory Student Lending today raised significant concerns that the U.S. Department of Education has failed to select any former for-profit college borrowers for its negotiated rulemaking committee, including rejecting a nominee with the support of more than 1,200 former for-profit college students – the very people who have been most significantly harmed by the broken borrower defense process.
Judge Declares Department of Education's Seizure of Corinthian Colleges Borrowers' Tax Refunds Illegal | Press Release
A federal judge ruled that the Department of Education illegally took the tax refunds of two former Corinthian College students to pay their student loans, without addressing the assertion that these loans are fraudulent and unenforceable. Now, the Department may not take their tax refunds unless and until it makes a reasoned decision about the assertions of fraud.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Channel Spotlight: Chloe Rose
By Christy Ku
A flower in the YouTube art world is blooming…
Her name? Chloe Rose. We here at TenEighty are a little in love with her and her gorgeous artwork. Her channel is full of art advice and speed-paintings of all things geeky, with a few funny challenge videos thrown in to shake things up a bit.
Chloe's subscriber count shot up recently (from 3,000 to over 15,000 in just one month) after she uploaded her 12 Artist Hacks (You Might Not Know) video, which currently has over 224,000 views.
The boost took Chloe by surprise. "I wasn't expecting it at all!" she says. "I did a lot of research as to what was popular in the art world and I knew I had some tips to share."
Chloe mostly creates portraits of popular television characters, such as those from Sherlock, Doctor Who, and Supernatural, but she also delves into the Disney and Pixar universes on a regular basis. While her primary focus is on creating digital art, she's also very talented in a wide range of traditional art media as well (which is totally not fair!).
Don't beat yourself up, though. Chloe is immensely down-to-earth and encouraging. In her funny and well-edited videos, she emphasises her belief that art is for anyone and everyone. You can get better at it, you just have to keep working hard – which is exactly what she has done.
"I truly believe anyone can do anything they work hard at or stay consistent with," she explains. "If you put your heart into something for long enough, you will notice improvement. The key is to not give up. Nothing can be achieved right away, but imagine yourself in a year, two years, and what you can do now to get to where you want to be in the future."
Whilst art has always been a part of her life, Chloe only started taking it seriously once she turned 16, and has been painting for the last seven years. When speaking about her influences, she cites her family as being one of the biggest: "I am very influenced by my mum, who is an amazing artist herself. I watched her when I was growing up create these amazing cartoons and doodles, and always strived to be as good as her. I also used to draw a lot with my granddad when I was little.
When Chloe's not creating art, you'll find her watching some of her favourite YouTubers, who include Carrie Hope Fletcher, Alex Rose, Gary C, Adam Flanagan, Joel Hernon, and Lily Jones, as well as some fellow artists, such as Jamie Jo, Monique Renee, Jenna Drawing, and Mira Byler.
Chloe is immersed in the main charm and magic of YouTube, the thing that brought us all to this website in the first place: being able to connect with people. Got a question or need some tips? She'll be in the comments, helping you out: "I love being able to interact with people online and YouTube has allowed me to meet so many wonderful people. I met my boyfriend on YouTube and have made so many friends. As an introvert who never really had friends in school, it's beautiful.
"I'm not really out for anything other than to connect with people and make art. If I'm able to get somewhere with it one day, that would be an incredible bonus."
So now that she has over 15,000 subscribers and no shortage of talent, what's next for Chloe?
"My hopes and goals would be to continue gaining an audience, so I can share my art with the world," she answers. "Having a successful career in art or illustration is the dream – a very difficult one – but I've seen many artists do it, and at the end of the day, being able to share what I love and have such a beautiful response from viewers is what keeps me coming back."
If you still haven't left this article to go check her channel, then hop on over! After a few videos, we know you'll be digging out those old paints and pencils to begin your doodling adventure!
Not enough?
It's a good thing we love promoting YouTubers then, isn't it? Check out our other channel spotlights and prepare for your sub box to be filled with hours and hours of entertainment:
Channel Spotlight: Hannah Trigwell
Channel Spotlight: Elle Meadows
Channel Spotlight: redheadabroad
Adam Flanagan, Alex Rose, Carrie Hope Fletcher, Chloe Rose, Gary C, Jamie Jo, Jenna Drawing, Joel Hernon, Lily Jones, Miranda Byler, Monique Renee
About Christy Ku
Writer of words, teller of tales, performing poet and general maker of things (with a little bit of alliteration).
Weekly Round-Up: 21 – 27 November 2016
Dan and Phil to Feature in Disney's The Lion Guard
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Daily Ratings & News for Vanguard Value ETF
Complete the form below to receive the latest headlines and analysts' recommendations for Vanguard Value ETF with our free daily email newsletter:
Old North State Trust LLC Lowers Stake in Vanguard Value ETF (VTV)
Posted by Scott Davis on Apr 11th, 2019
Old North State Trust LLC cut its stake in shares of Vanguard Value ETF (NYSEARCA:VTV) by 21.6% in the 1st quarter, according to the company in its most recent disclosure with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The firm owned 2,066 shares of the company's stock after selling 568 shares during the quarter. Old North State Trust LLC's holdings in Vanguard Value ETF were worth $222,000 as of its most recent SEC filing.
Several other hedge funds and other institutional investors also recently modified their holdings of the stock. Bank of America Corp DE lifted its holdings in Vanguard Value ETF by 5.7% in the fourth quarter. Bank of America Corp DE now owns 60,045,013 shares of the company's stock valued at $5,881,409,000 after acquiring an additional 3,257,594 shares during the period. BlackRock Inc. lifted its holdings in Vanguard Value ETF by 871.5% in the fourth quarter. BlackRock Inc. now owns 2,517,802 shares of the company's stock valued at $246,618,000 after acquiring an additional 2,258,635 shares during the period. Natixis Advisors L.P. lifted its holdings in Vanguard Value ETF by 581.6% in the fourth quarter. Natixis Advisors L.P. now owns 1,236,862 shares of the company's stock valued at $121,150,000 after acquiring an additional 1,055,385 shares during the period. Morgan Stanley lifted its holdings in Vanguard Value ETF by 8.9% in the third quarter. Morgan Stanley now owns 10,797,321 shares of the company's stock valued at $1,195,047,000 after acquiring an additional 884,531 shares during the period. Finally, Advisor Group Inc. lifted its holdings in Vanguard Value ETF by 172.3% in the fourth quarter. Advisor Group Inc. now owns 1,205,746 shares of the company's stock valued at $118,254,000 after acquiring an additional 762,888 shares during the period.
Get Vanguard Value ETF alerts:
NYSEARCA:VTV opened at $109.27 on Thursday. Vanguard Value ETF has a 52-week low of $91.62 and a 52-week high of $113.49.
The company also recently declared a quarterly dividend, which was paid on Tuesday, April 2nd. Stockholders of record on Friday, March 29th were paid a dividend of $0.7348 per share. This represents a $2.94 annualized dividend and a dividend yield of 2.69%. The ex-dividend date was Thursday, March 28th. This is an increase from Vanguard Value ETF's previous quarterly dividend of $0.71.
COPYRIGHT VIOLATION NOTICE: This story was originally posted by WKRB News and is owned by of WKRB News. If you are accessing this story on another site, it was stolen and republished in violation of U.S. & international copyright legislation. The legal version of this story can be read at https://www.wkrb13.com/2019/04/11/old-north-state-trust-llc-lowers-stake-in-vanguard-value-etf-vtv.html.
About Vanguard Value ETF
Vanguard Value ETF (the Fund) is an exchange-traded share class of Vanguard Value Index Fund, which employs a passive management or indexing investment approach designed to track the performance of the MSCI US Prime Market Value Index (the Index). The Index is a diversified index of value stocks of predominantly large United States companies.
Further Reading: What is the Current Ratio?
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Pacer Advisors Inc. Has $4.09 Million Holdings in FedEx Co. (FDX)
Efforts to Clean fire-prone California forests face hurdles


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Home » Teams » Phillies » Hunter Pence Talks About That Car Ride with Chase Utley
Hunter Pence Talks About That Car Ride with Chase Utley
By Kyle Scott
I'm gonna getchu [Pic via Getty Images]
This might be the most homoerotic picture we've ever posted, and that's saying something.
Hunter Pence was once again on 97.5 The Fanatic today. He spoke with Mike Missanelli about his 24 hours in Philly… and that car ride with Chaseton.
I just asked him [Utley] after the first game, I want to get on your program, I want to see how you prepare for a game, because being with the Astros, I always ask about the best players and try to study them a lot, I go overboard to try to pick people's brains. That's just who I am. And I heard a lot about Utley and I was like, "Hey man, what time do you get to the field? I want to see how your prepare, what you look for when you're looking at film, ya know, what you're thinking."
I was just kind of, I don't know, pestering him, really. But he was like, "I'll pick you up tomorrow, 9 A.M."
I said, "I can take a cab, I'll just meet you."
"You can take a cab, but I'm going to pick you up at nine."
So I was like, alright, he's picking me up. He texted me and said, "Hey, you want a coffee?" And I said "absolutely" and there you have it.
He was just showing me the city, telling me where I could live, good places to stay, what he's done, what it's like in the city. Talked a little bit about hitting, some of his old buddies, J-Mike.
Holy shit, that sounds A LOT like this cartoon. I kind of want to take a car ride with Chase Utley now, he wasn't that forthcoming on our podcast.
Anyway, try to forget about the fact that Utley was friends with Jason Michaels and listen to the whole interview with Pence here.
chase, hunter, mike, missanelli, pence, phillies, utley
Kyle Scott
Kyle Scott is the founder and editor of CrossingBroad.com. He has written for CBS Philly and Philly Voice, and been a panelist or contributor on NBC Sports Philly, FOX 29 and SNY TV, as well as a recurring guest on 97.5 The Fanatic, 94 WIP, 106.7 The Fan and other stations. He has more than 10 years experience running digital media properties and in online advertising and marketing.
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Nick L says:
Over/Under before Hunter is on Always Sunny
bro man dude says:
hunter is gonna be banging utley's wife in a week.
mrs. utley says:
haaaaaaa ^^ comment of the day
PhilliesPhan says:
Pence seems like a nice guy & this is a very nice insight into how Utley treats his teammates.
Dear Chase, (oh **** there's stickers)
I feel like I can call you Chase because you and me are so much alike. I would love to meet you someday, it would be great to have a catch. I know I can't throw as fast as you, but I think you would be impressed with my speed. I love your hair. You run fast. Did you have a good relationship with your father? Me neither. These are all things we can talk about, and more. I know you have not been getting my letters because I know you would write back if you did. And I hope you write back this time and we get to be good friends. I am sure our relationship would be a real home run.
Franny Murt says:
circle jerk.
Iron Balls McGinty says:
"[Chase Utley] wasn't that forthcoming on our podcast."
Probably because you creeped him out, kid, dogging him like a little hound bitch going through her first heat. Hahahahahahah
Jack Mehoff says:
Chase Utley never showed up with coffee for Domonic Brown. That's because coffee is for closers!
Smokey The Bear says:
@Mike
Tears are rolling down my face I'm laughing so hard. One of my favorite Sunny episodes ever. The "Oh **** there's stickers" line is brilliant.
@NickL
I'm excited about Pence and don't want to disparage the man, but he has a certain McPoyle quality about himself, doesn't he.


FOB Korea benzene on Friday was assessed higher by $28.33/mt week on week, and up $14.33/mt day on day at $588.33/mt, as firm buying interest from Chinese buyers led traders to actively seek cargoes for loading across second-half February, March and April from South Korea. CFR China prices had risen earlier in the week, and CFR China was assessed higher by $18/mt week on week, and up $1.50/mt from Thursday at $604/mt. The uptrend in FOB Korea had earlier lagged the rise in CFR China, and the CFR China-FOB Korea spread peaked Thursday at $28.50/mt, but as FOB Korea prices caught up Friday, the spread narrowed to $15.67/mt. While the spread was insufficient to cover freight rates between South Korea and China heard at $21-$23/ mt for a 5,000 mt benzene parcel, market participants were heard optimistic that the arbitrage would re-open as discussions for March delivery picked up. Amid bullish sentiment in the market, major Chinese benzene producer China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, or Sinopec increased its domestic ex-tank price by Yuan 100/mt, a company source said Friday. The listed price for domestic East China benzene was increased to Yuan 4,750/mt from Yuan 4,650/mt. The new listed price equates to approximately $598.96/mt on an import parity basis, based on an exchange rate of 6.7025. The upward price revision is a move that a market source noted was "long overdue," as prices both in the domestic East China market and in CFR China had risen steadily over the month in January. Preliminary statistics on South Korea's export volume showed that the country exported 208,932 mt in January, down 83,332 mt from December, and down 25,153 mt on the year. This reflects thinner demand for South Korean cargoes from the US and Taiwan, which are the second and third largest buyer, respectively, of South Korean benzene based on 2018 statistics. Exports to the US in January were just 18.4% of total exports, down from the 2018 average of 24.8%. Exports to Taiwan in January were just 10.0% of total exports, down from the 2018 average of 19.8%. While market sources cited a possible recovery in demand from the US market amid upcoming turnarounds at aromatics units there, others noted that demand from the US for North Asian material could be limited amid ample supply from South Asia. Rationale FOB Korea benzene was assessed higher by $14.33/mt day on day at $588.33/mt Friday. The marker rolled forward Friday to take the average of the third, fourth and fifth half-month laycans, H1 March, H2 March, and H1 April. During the Market on Close assessment process, there were no transparent bids and offers seen. The H1 and H2 March laycans were assessed at $586/mt FOB Korea, below an offer last seen at $593/mt FOB Korea, widening the March/April timespread to minus $7/mt, below an offer seen at minus $6/mt. The H1 April laycan was assessed at $593/mt FOB Korea, above a bid last seen at $592/mt FOB Korea. The CFR China marker was assessed at the pegged level of $604/mt, up $1.50/mt day on day, above a bid for March seen at $603/mt. The East China marker was assessed at Yuan 4,877/mt, up Yuan 17/mt day on day, or $614.42/mt on an import parity basis.


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Pangolins
About Pangolins
Pangolins (Pholidota) represent an evolutionarily unique order of remarkable mammals related to carnivores that have lived on planet Earth for about 65 million years. They are mostly nocturnal, secretive creatures specializing in hunting ants and termites. They are perfectly adapted to this way of obtaining food - they dig up their prey and hunt with strong claws and an extremely long sticky tongue. As the only mammals in the world, they have their
bodies covered in scales. They use them for defence, in which they curl into a firm and almost impenetrable ball (hence the name "pangolin", which originated from the Malaysian word "penggulung", i.e. something that rotates). There are currently 8 species of pangolins, 4 of which live in Asia and 4 in Africa. Depending on the species, they can be about 30-100 cm (without tail) long and can reach a weight of 2-35 kg, with males tending to be up to half as large as females. Some species are adapted to tree climbing, others are purely terrestrial. However, all species are threatened in the wild.
Mainly because of their unique scales, pangolins have been driven to the brink of extinction. Although these scales were formed by the transformation of hairs and thus just like hairs, nails, claws, or hooves of other mammals consist of keratin, there is a great demand for them from humans. Some traditional Asian and African cultures believe in their alleged magical and healing effects. Although there is no research to confirm their medicinal effect, people believe that the powder from pangolin scales cures skin and venereal diseases, supports blood circulation and lactation, treats swelling, asthma, abscesses, rheumatism, arthritis, and relieves menstrual pain. In addition, pangolins are also consumed - in Asia as a luxury delicacy, in Africa mainly as bushmeat. With their defensive strategy of curling into a tight ball, pangolins are able to defend themselves even against the attack of large felines, but unfortunately, this strategy is completely ineffective in defending against poachers.
It is because of their scales that pangolins are unique among mammals
All pangolins have been protected species since 1975, when they were included in CITES Appendix II (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). In 2000, zero quotas were announced for trade in Asian species, which, on the other hand, caused an increase in the rate of poaching of African species. In 2016, in response to the critical situation, all species of pangolins were reclassified to CITES Appendix I, and therefore international trade in pangolins or parts of their bodies is now prohibited. Nevertheless, it is estimated that over a million pangolins have been poached in the last 10 years. This means that every 5 minutes, one pangolin disappears from the wild. In the last 5 years or so, the frequency of confiscated consignments of smuggled pangolin bodies and scales has increased significantly, as has the volume of these consignments. Pangolins are currently considered the most smuggled mammals in the world.
You can find more about the illegal trade in pangolins on the Stolen Wildlife campaign website.
Taxonomy of pangolins
Asian species:
Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) - Critically Endangered
Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) - Critically Endangered
Philippine pangolin (Manis culionensis) - Critically Endangered
Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) - Endangered
African species:
White-bellied pangolin (Phataginus tricuspis) - Endangered
Giant pangolin (Smutsia gigantea) - Endangered
Temminck's pangolin (Smutsia temminckii) - Vulnerable
Long-tailed pangolin (Phataginus tetradactyla) - Vulnerable
Sunda Pangolin
The area of occurrence of the Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) is in Southeast Asia from Myanmar to Vietnam, the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java and Borneo. It lives secretly in various types of habitats, from primary and secondary rainforests, through grassy and bushy areas to plantations and agricultural lands close to human settlements.
The Sunda pangolin, like most other species of pangolins, is a specialist in hunting ants and termites. However, it also feeds on ant larvae, bee pupae, flies, worms, crickets and larvae of other insects. An adult pangolin is able to consume about 70 million insects a year, thanks to which pangolins can significantly regulate the number of these invertebrates in the environment. Despite the fact that the Sunda pangolin moves mainly on the ground, a considerable part of its hunting activities take place on trees.
Ants and termites make up the bulk of the pangolin diet
Pangolins are completely toothless, but they use their sticky tongue, which is even longer than their body, very well for hunting their prey. They get to insects in the soil or wood thanks to their powerful claws. Their semi-prehensile tail allows them to move in branches.
Most of the pangolin body, with the exception of the abdomen, is covered by hard keratin scales. It is this unique scaly "armour" of pangolins that protects not only against attacks of their prey but in the case of the typical defensive curling of the body into a ball also against attacks of predators. Scales of this species are predominantly dark brown in colour, although individuals with white scales on the tail are often found. The cause of this phenomenon has not yet been clarified. As with other pangolins, the scales of the young are soft and light, but after birth they begin to gradually harden and darken. An estimated 900-1,000 scales can be counted on the Sunda pangolin body.
Pangolin in its typical defensive position - curled into a ball
Mating and reproduction
Pangolins live most of the time solitary, they only meet for mating. The breeding season lasts more or less all year round. After about 6 months of pregnancy, the female usually gives birth to 1 pup, which she then nurses for about 3-4 months. However, just one month after birth, pups are able to consume even ants and termites. From about this age, as in other species of pangolins, the female carries the pup on the base of her tail in search of food. The young stay with their mother until about two years of age when they reach sexual maturity. The female home range size was estimated at about 7 ha, in the case of males at about 40 ha. They are territorial, with males marking their territory with urine and faeces.
Female carries the young on the base of her tail
The Sunda pangolin, like most pangolin species, is secretive, solitary and active at night. For sleep during the day, taking rest and for caring for the offspring, it digs its own burrows, or uses burrows created by other animals. However, it also sleeps in tree cavities or fallen trunks. Pangolins not only regulate insect populations, but also by digging up the soil for food or rest, they help aerate the soil, facilitate the nutrient cycle, and thus play an important role in the ecosystem. In addition, this species, like other pangolins, is a capable swimmer.
In the event of danger, pangolins can resist by hissing, snorting, spraying smelly fluid from the gland at the anus, and flicking their sharp tail. However, their main defense strategy is to roll the body into a tight ball, in which they cover their head and soft, vulnerable abdomen with their tails.
Pangolin is a predominantly nocturnal, secretive animal
According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Sunda pangolin is one of the three critically endangered pangolin species. Due to the secretive, mostly nocturnal way of life, estimates of the size of its populations are not yet known, and further research is needed. However, the volume of the international trade originating in Indonesia over the last few decades suggests that the local pangolin population is declining dramatically. Likewise, in other countries of its occurrence, the Sunda pangolin is already a very rare species. Hunters in many of these countries acknowledge that pangolins have declined dramatically over the past few decades as a result of hunting, especially since about 1990 when the commercial trade in pangolins began to escalate. This is the main cause of them being threatened. This is despite the fact that the Sunda pangolin, together with other pangolin species, is listed in CITES Appendix I and is protected in virtually all countries of its occurrence, including Indonesia (in Indonesia, it is an absolutely protected species whose possession, killing or trafficking is punishable by up to 5-year imprisonment and a fine of up to USD 7,500).
In Indonesia, the Sunda pangolin is still hunted for local use on the island of Kalimantan. Traditional medicine practitioners in Indonesia still recommend pangolin scale products for the treatment of heart disease and skin problems. Above all, however, there is an extensive illegal trade in pangolins from Indonesia, mostly from Sumatra, mainly to China and Vietnam. There is evidence of professional commercial hunting of this species both in Sumatra and more widely in Indonesia, purely for the purpose of commercial illegal international trade. Prior to 2000, this trade largely involved the export of pangolin skins to North America (e.g. for the production of special cowboy boots, etc.), but in the last two decades, these have been live pangolins, their scales, and meat primarily intended for China and Vietnam. According to an estimate by a TRAFFIC's study (2017), 10,000 pangolins are poached in Indonesia every year.
Other threats include the natural environment loss, largely due to commercial activities such as logging, mining, and hydropower and road construction, which has facilitated hunting and poaching by opening up previously inaccessible areas. However, the severity of the threats to pangolins due to the loss of their natural environment is not well described because of their ability to survive in a man-altered landscape. The ability of this species to persist in habitats such as oil palm and rubber plantations for a long time is unknown and requires further research.
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Relieve fatigue: Vitamin C helps relieve fatigue.


Please join us at GAIL's Kitchen for a four-course dinner with acclaimed printmaker Phil Shaw. Introduced by Rebecca Hossack, the evening will provide a rare opportunity to meet the artist and hear him talk about his work. Inspired by the art Phil will be sharing with us, we've crafted a bespoke food and drink menu for the evening. Hope to see you there!
Yorkshire-born printmaker Phil Shaw studied at the Royal College of Art and teaches at Middlesex University, where he also gained his Doctorate in Printmaking. Characterised by its wit and unique vision, Phil's work has gained him many admirers including Prime Minister David Cameron, who personally commissioned him to create unique works as a gift for each leader at the G8 Summit 2013.
We've introduced some tasty new goodies to our menu and are looking for talented bakers to help us feed hungry Londoners. If you have the desire to make sure tummies are full and smiles are on faces, please have a look at our jobs page.
After a couple of years of experimental baking, we've added some exciting new additions to our family.
Pop in to Queens Park for a taste of some cracking new toasties and baked sandwiches, breakfast (until 3pm each day) and cream buns. We've also had a go at our version of afternoon tea.
If you've never tried buckwheat pancakes, weekend brunch is the ideal time. Buckwheat flour has a nuttier, more distinctive flavour than regular wheat flour and these French-style crêpes (typical in Brittany) are perfectly complemented by golden caramelised apples and salty-sweet honey butter. This recipe is a doddle to whip up, but you'll need to make the batter the night before to allow the buckwheat to soften and the flavours to develop. Oh, and also, there's no sugar in this recipe as all the sweetness comes from the fruit and honey.
Start by making the pancake batter. Sift together the flour and salt in a bowl. In a separate bowl, whisk together the milk and egg. Add this to the flour and whisk until it's lovely and smooth. Next, whisk in the melted butter. Transfer to a jug, cover with cling film and rest in the fridge overnight.
To make the caramelised apples, remove the cores and pips (no need to peel them) and slice each apple into 8 wedges. Heat the butter in a frying pan and when foaming, tip in the apple wedges. Cook until golden brown and caramelised, turning each wedge over once. Set aside and cover with foil to keep warm.
Next up is the salted honey butter. Warm the honey over a low heat for 2 minutes, making sure it doesn't boil. Remove from the heat and whisk in the softened butter, a piece at a time, to create a glossy emulsion. Sprinkle in the salt and keep warm until ready to serve. If it cools and starts to solidify, just gently reheat until liquid again.
To cook the pancakes, heat a heavy-based frying or sauté pan over a medium heat. Add a little oil or clarified butter, tilting the pan so the base is evenly coated. Give the batter a stir if necessary and then pour in just enough to coat the base of the pan – you want the pancakes to be paper-thin. Cook for 2 minutes until golden, then flip the pancake with a spatula and cook for another 2 minutes. Slide the pancake onto a warm plate and continue with the remaining batter. You should end up with a pile of 16 pancakes.
Lastly, to serve, take each pancake and fold it in half twice to form a triangle. Serve 4 pancakes per person, overlapping them in the centre of each plate. Arrange six or so apple wedges on top, add a scoop of crème fraîche and finish with a generous drizzle of warm honey sauce. Now, all that's left is to tuck in and enjoy your hard work.
twist on a classic British biscuit.
All signs are pointing to a picnic in the park!
For the month of March, we're celebrating Mother's Day with a seriously chocolate-y spread.
Pecan Brownies, made with the finest Valrhona chocolate and a hint of sea salt, rich and fudgy Brownie Fingers and our Flourless Chocolate Cake are all on the menu, as well as our Chocolate Fondant; best served warm and gooey, straight from the oven.


text:
Learning Package 2 - COVID-19 - An Overview
Photo credit: Retrieved from pixabay.com/illustrations/coronavirus-virus-spread-flu-4952102/
COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) whose origins have yet to be determined. In December 2019, the first human cases were identified in Wuhan, China.1 Within the first quarter of 2020, as of 30 March 2020, there have been more than 780,000 confirmed cases in over 170 countries and territories, according to the Johns Hopkins University Tracker. More than 37,000 fatalities have also been reported.2
Current studies suggest that the virus spreads when an individual is exposed to infective respiratory droplets, or by touching contaminated surfaces or objects. The virus then enters the body via the mouth, nose and eyes. It can cause mild flu-like symptoms or develop into severe symptoms such as pneumonia. Older adults and people with serious underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, pulmonary disease or other chronic conditions may be at higher risk for developing serious complications arising from COVID-19.3
While there is currently no vaccine or antiviral medicine to prevent or treat COVID-19, a number of vaccines and drug treatments are being investigated. Fortunately, most patients recover through supportive care. In addition to advocating good personal hygiene and self-isolation if unwell, many governments also encourage social distancing to flatten the curve in the steep spike of cases, to avoid overwhelming healthcare systems.
To find out more about COVID-19 and its widespread impact across the world, check out the resources below. Our next installment will look at the COVID-19 situation in Singapore.
1. The science behind the coronavirus, the complete series
Source: The science behind the coronavirus, the complete series. (2020, March 19). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2020, March 27.
2. Coronapod: "Test, test, test!"
Coronapod: "Test, test, test!" (2020, March 20). Nature. Retrieved 2020, March 27.
3. Just for kids: A comic exploring the new Coronavirus
COVID-19 web comic created by NPR based on interviews conducted with several experts. (2020, February 28). NPR. Retrieved 2020, March 30.
4. How we must respond to the COVID-19 pandemic: Bill Gates
Source: How we must respond to the COVID-19 pandemic: Bill Gates. (2020, March 26). TED. Retrieved 2020, March 27.
1. Coronavirus COVID-19 global cases by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University
Coronavirus COVID-19 global cases by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University. (2020, March 27). John Hopkins University and Medicine. Retrieved 2020, March 30.
2. Coronavirus: A visual guide to the pandemic
The Visual and Data Journalism Team. (2020, March 30). Coronavirus: A visual guide to the pandemic. BBC News. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
3. Is loss of smell and taste a symptom of COVID-19? Doctors want to find out
Kwong, E., Aubrey, A. & Godoy, M. (2020, March 26). Is loss of smell and taste a symptom of COVID-19? Doctors want to find out. NPR. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
4. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. (2020). World Health Organization. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
5. Coronavirus FAQs: Can people without symptoms spread COVID-19? How long does it live on surfaces? What cleaning products kill the virus?
Janes, C. (2020, March 29). Coronavirus FAQs: Can people without symptoms spread COVID-19? How long does it live on surfaces? What cleaning products kill the virus? The Conversation. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
6. COVID-19: Tackling the novel coronavirus
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. (2020). COVID-19: Tackling the novel coronavirus. FutureLearn. Retrieved 2020, August 14.
Photo credit: Retrieved from pixabay.com/illustrations/corona-coronavirus-virus-pandemic-4899173/
If you are interested to read more about COVID-19, check out the following journal articles:
1. How COVID-19 is spread
Offord, C. (2020, February). How COVID-19 is spread. The Scientist. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
2. Flattening the COVID-19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies
Flattening the COVID-19 peak: Containment and mitigation policies. (2020, March 24). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
3. COVID-19 Resource Centre
COVID-19 Resource Centre. (2020). The Lancet. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
Considerations relating to social distancing measures in response to COVID-19 – second update. (2020, March 23). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
Craven, M., et. al. (2020, March). COVID-19: Implications for business. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
6. LitCovid
LitCOVID Literature Hub is a curated source of up-to-date scientific information about the novel 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19). (2020, March). National Library of Medicine. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
Disclaimer/ Rights statement
The information in this resource guide is valid as of March 2020 and correct as far as we are able to ascertain from our sources. It is not intended to be an exhaustive or complete history on the subject. Please contact the Library for further reading materials on the topic.
All Rights Reserved. National Library Board Singapore 2020.
Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation report - 1. (2020, January 21). World Health Organisation. Retrieved March 31, 2020, from https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf ↩
Coronavirus COVID-19 Global cases by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University. (2020, March 27). John Hopkins University and Medicine. Retrieved March 30, 2020, from https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html ↩
Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19). (2020, March 9). World Health Organisation. Retrieved March 31, 2020, from https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses ↩


text:
Q: MATLAB: how to customize non linear X axis (for example ticks at 1,2,3,4,5,20,100,'string') I'm using the MATLAB plot feature to compare two vectors. I would like my X axis to represent 1 through 7, and then 14, 21, and then a category at the end for points with undetermined X values..(I'm also not sure how to represent these numberless point (they have Y values, just no X values) I could assign a large number outside any of my X values (1000) to these points, do the 1-7,14,21,1000 and then change the 1000 label to my 'string for un-numbered points'. ??

A: Here is a way to do it based on the example by The Mathworks here.
The trick is to create 2 x axis with different ranges and make one of them transparent. You can then play around with its properties. I modified a bit their code but kept most of their comments because they explain well the steps.
For the demo I used scatter to represent the points and colored the "good" points in red and the other point (here only 1) in green. You can customize all this of course. For instance I used a value of 100 and not 1000 for the x value of the 2nd axes, but I'll let you figure out how to modify it all to change the output as you wish.
clear
clc
close all

%// Create axes 1 and get its position
hAxes1 = axes;
axes_position = get(hAxes1, 'Position');

%// Create axes 2 and place it at the same position than axes 1
hAxes2 = axes('Position', axes_position);

%// Your data go here.
x = [1 7 14 21 100];
y = rand(1, length(x));

%// Plot the two sections of data on different axes objects

hPlot1 = scatter(hAxes1, x(1:4), y(1:4),40,'r','filled');
hold on
hPlot2 = scatter(hAxes2, x(end), y(end),40,'g','filled');

%// Link the y axis limits and fontsize property of the axes objects

linkaxes([hAxes1 hAxes2], 'y');
linkprop([hAxes1 hAxes2], 'FontSize');

%// Set the x range limits and tick mark positions of the first axes object
set(hAxes1, 'XLim', [1 25], ...
      'XTick', [1 7 14 21])
%// Set the x range limits and tick mark positions for the second axes object.
%// Also set the background color to 'none', which makes the background
%// transparent.Add the label for the "super points".

set(hAxes2, 'Color', 'none', ...
      'YTickLabel', [], ...
      'XLim', [95 100], ...
      'XTick', 100,'XTickLabel',{'Super Points'})

And the output:

EDIT
If you wish to add a fit line, I suggest adding a 3rd axes at the same position than the other 2, make it transparent and remove its X- and Y-ticks.
i.e. Add something like this:
hAxes3 = axes('Position', axes_position,'Color','none','YTick',[],'XTick',[]);

And in the call to polyfit/polyval, in my example you want to get only the first 4 elements (i.e. the red ones).
Hence:
p = polyfit(x(1:4),y(1:4),1);
y_poly = polyval(p,x(1:4));

And then plot the line on hAxes3:
hPlot3 = plot(x(1:4),y_poly)

Output:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This week I read of two bloggers personal losses of loved ones which made me really sad. I've never met any of those people involved but I felt their loss all the same as I'm sure we all do.
To call myself, to feel myself beloved on this earth.
How very, very sad! So thoughtful of you to post this poem. It says it all!
Beautiful words, left me with goosebumps.
Beautiful words of sympathy and encouragement.
I have also read of many bloggers with loss lately, makes you realize what is going on with people all around us in life every day~ to be more understanding of others. Thanks for sharing this lovely poem...it really is what life is about, isn't it?
What a lovely idea. Thanks so much for sharing it and for your sweet post on my blog. I appreciate your visit very much.


text:
Q: Let $p > 2019$ be a prime no. Consider the polynomial $f(x) = (x^2-3)(x^2-673)(x^2-2019)$ How many roots can $f$ possibly have in finite field $F_p$ Let $p > 2019$ be a prime number. Consider the polynomial $f(x) = (x^2-3)(x^2-673)(x^2-2019)$ How many roots can $f$ possibly have in finite field $F_p$ ?

*

*$0$

*$2$

*$3$

*$6$
I have seen this question on this site but I could not understand it from there. So I posted this question again. Here I see that $2019 = 3×673$. Also $F_p = \{0,1,2,3,...,p-1\}$, Here $3,673,2019 \in \{0,1,2,3,...,p-1\}$ for $p >2019$. So options 2,3 can be possible. But correct options are $2,4$ and I could not approach.


text:
package com.btc.redg.models;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Model for usage in the stringtemplate template
 */
public class ColumnModel implements Serializable{

    private String name;
    private String dbName;
    private String dbTableName;
    private String dbFullTableName;
    private String sqlType;
    private String javaTypeName;
    private int sqlTypeInt;
    private boolean notNull;
    private boolean partOfPrimaryKey;
    private boolean partOfForeignKey;
    private boolean explicitAttribute;
    private boolean unique;
    private List<ConvenienceSetterModel> convenienceSetters;

    private static final Map<String, Class<?>> primitiveMap = new HashMap<>();

    static {
        primitiveMap.put("byte", byte.class);
        primitiveMap.put("short", short.class);
        primitiveMap.put("int", int.class);
        primitiveMap.put("long", long.class);

        primitiveMap.put("float", float.class);
        primitiveMap.put("double", double.class);

        primitiveMap.put("boolean", boolean.class);

        primitiveMap.put("char", char.class);
    }

    public ColumnModel() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(final String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getDbName() {
        return dbName;
    }

    public void setDbName(final String dbName) {
        this.dbName = dbName;
    }

    public String getDbTableName() {
        return dbTableName;
    }

    public void setDbTableName(final String dbTableName) {
        this.dbTableName = dbTableName;
    }

    public String getDbFullTableName() {
        return dbFullTableName;
    }

    public void setDbFullTableName(final String dbFullTableName) {
        this.dbFullTableName = dbFullTableName;
    }

    public String getSqlType() {
        return sqlType;
    }

    public void setSqlType(final String sqlType) {
        this.sqlType = sqlType;
    }

    public String getJavaTypeName() {
        return javaTypeName;
    }

    public void setJavaTypeName(String javaTypeName) {
        this.javaTypeName = javaTypeName;
    }

    public boolean isPrimitiveType() {
        return ModelUtil.PRIMITIVE_TYPE_NAMES.contains(javaTypeName);
    }

    public boolean isNotNull() {
        return notNull;
    }

    public void setNotNull(final boolean notNull) {
        this.notNull = notNull;
    }

    public int getSqlTypeInt() {
        return sqlTypeInt;
    }

    public void setSqlTypeInt(final int sqlTypeInt) {
        this.sqlTypeInt = sqlTypeInt;
    }

    public boolean isPartOfPrimaryKey() {
        return partOfPrimaryKey;
    }

    public void setPartOfPrimaryKey(final boolean partOfPrimaryKey) {
        this.partOfPrimaryKey = partOfPrimaryKey;
    }

    public boolean isPartOfForeignKey() {
        return partOfForeignKey;
    }

    public void setPartOfForeignKey(final boolean partOfForeignKey) {
        this.partOfForeignKey = partOfForeignKey;
    }

    public boolean isExplicitAttribute() {
        return explicitAttribute;
    }

    public void setExplicitAttribute(boolean explicitAttribute) {
        this.explicitAttribute = explicitAttribute;
    }

    public List<ConvenienceSetterModel> getConvenienceSetters() {
        return convenienceSetters;
    }

    public void setConvenienceSetters(List<ConvenienceSetterModel> convenienceSetters) {
        this.convenienceSetters = convenienceSetters;
    }

    public boolean isUnique() {
        return unique;
    }

    public void setUnique(final boolean unique) {
        this.unique = unique;
    }

    public Class<?> getJavaTypeAsClass() {
        try {
            return primitiveMap.getOrDefault(this.javaTypeName, Class.forName(this.javaTypeName));
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Gynnidomorpha minimana, the fen conch, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. The species was first described by Aristide Caradja in 1916. It is found in China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jianxi, Jilin, Yunnan), Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Russia and Europe, where it has been recorded from Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Italy, France, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovakia, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Albania and Corsica. The habitat consists of heathland and mosses.

The wingspan is 11–15 mm. The forewings are reddish brown with some lighter patterns at the dorsal edge, rounded at the tip.
Adults are on wing from June to July.

The larvae feed on Pedicularis palustris. They feed within the flowers and seedheads of their host plant.

References

External links
lepiforum.de

Moths described in 1916
Cochylini

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


TALLAHASSEE, Fla. – Florida State head coach Jimbo Fisher has granted redshirt junior quarterback Clint Trickett a release from his scholarship.
Trickett saw action in eight games in 2012 and completed 16 of his first 20 passes over three games (Murray State, Savannah State and Wake Forest). He finished the season completing 22-of-34 (64.7) for 272 yards. Trickett started two (Clemson, Wake Forest) of the nine games he played in during the 2011 season as a redshirt freshman. Trickett threw for a career-high 336 yards and three touchdowns with one interception in his first career start at Clemson. He was named ACC Rookie of the Week after his performance versus the Tigers. He finished his career at FSU completing 66-of-106 passes for 947 yards and seven touchdowns in 17 games played. He completed 62.3 percent of his passes.
Trickett will graduate in May with a degree in social science from Florida State. He is slated to be a redshirt junior in 2013.


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First things first: "G" stands for "generation," so when you hear someone refer to a "4G network," that means they're talking about a wireless network based on fourth-generation technology. And actually, it's the definition of a "generation" in this context that has us in this whole pickle in the first place; it's the reason why there's so much confusion. But more on that in a bit -- first, let's take a trip down memory lane into the primordial ooze that gave rise to the first generation way back in the day.
Our journey begins in the early 1980s with the introduction of several groundbreaking network technologies: AMPS in the US and a combination of TACS and NMT in Europe. The meanings of those acronyms are unimportant -- there won't be a quiz later. All you really need to know is that unlike earlier systems, these new standards were given enough spectrum for reasonably heavy use by subscribers, were fully automated on the carrier's end without requiring any human operator intervention, and used electronics that could be miniaturized enough to fit into smallish packages (think Motorola DynaTAC -- early prototype pictured right). Though there were several generations of mobile telephone services before these that date all the way back to the 1950s, the trifecta of AMPS, TACS, and NMT is commonly considered to be the first generation -- "1G," if you will -- because they made cellphones practical to the masses for the very first time. They were robust, reliable, and would eventually come to blanket the entirety of many industrialized nations around the world.
Thing is, no one was thinking about data services in the 1G days; these were purely analog systems that were conceived and designed for voice calls and very little else. Modems existed that could communicate over these networks -- some handsets even had them built-in -- but because analog cellular connections were susceptible to far more noise than conventional landlines, transfer speeds were ridiculously slow. And even if they'd been fast, it wouldn't have really mattered; per-minute rates on AMPS networks in the 80s made cellphones luxuries and Wall Street powerbroker business necessities, not must-haves for the everyman. Besides, the technology didn't exist for an awesome smartphone that could consume that much data anyhow. Oh, and YouTube had yet to be invented. The stars simply hadn't yet aligned.
The early nineties saw the rise of the first digital cellular networks, which had a number of obvious benefits over the analog networks they were supplanting: improved sound quality, better security, and higher total capacity, just to name a few biggies. GSM got off to an early start in Europe, while D-AMPS and an early version of Qualcomm's CDMA known as IS-95 took hold in the US. (You might remember D-AMPS better as "TDMA," though that's technically not descriptive enough -- GSM also employs the TDMA multiplexing scheme, even though the two standards are incompatible.) No one disputes that these systems collectively represented the second generation of wireless networks -- they were authentically different and revolutionary. Furthermore, a solid decade had gone by at that point since the first 1G networks had gone live. This stuff was definitely borne of a new generation.
Still, these nascent 2G standards didn't have intrinsic, tightly-coupled support for data services woven into them. Many such networks supported text messaging, though, so that was a start -- and they also supported something called CSD, circuit-switched data. CSD allowed you to place a dial-up data call digitally, so that the network's switching station was receiving actual ones and zeroes from you rather than the screech of an analog modem. Put simply, it meant that you could transfer data faster -- up to 14.4kbps, in fact, which made it about as fast as an early- to mid-nineties landline modem.
At the end of the day, though, CSD was a hack -- a way to repurpose these voice-centric networks for data. You still had to place a "call" to connect, so the service wasn't always available. The experience was very similar to using a dial-up modem at home: either you were online, or you weren't. Services like push email and instant messaging to your phone were basically science fiction. Furthermore, because a CSD connection was a call, you were burning minutes to get connected -- and these technologies were in play at a time when monthly minute buckets on cellular plans were measured in the dozens, not the hundreds or thousands. Unless you had a company writing a check for your wireless bill every month, using CSD for anything more than an occasional novelty wasn't practical.
The 4G identity crisis we're dealing with today really started well over a decade ago, around the time that standards bodies were hard at work finalizing 3G technologies. The General Packet Radio Service -- GPRS -- marked a watershed moment in cellular history when it was hammered out in 1997, because it offered a bolt-on for GSM networks that permitted "always-on" data services. No more dial-up CSD silliness -- as long as your account and phone were appropriately configured, you could seamlessly use data whenever and however you needed it. For all practical purposes, your handset was permanently connected to the internet. It was also much faster than anything CSD could offer: over 100kbps in theory (though we don't recall ever getting anything much above 40kbps in practice during the service's heyday). GPRS also marked one of the first times that operators could effectively bill by the kilobyte, rather than by the minute. Kind of a good news / bad news situation there, we suppose.
The 4G identity crisis we're dealing with today really started well over a decade ago, around the time that standards bodies were hard at work finalizing 3G technologies.
Needless to say, GPRS was a big deal -- especially since it came right at the time when people started really checking their email accounts incessantly. In fact, it was transformational. AT&T Wireless, Cingular, and VoiceStream (which would later become T-Mobile USA) all deployed the service, as did virtually every GSM operator in the world. It didn't earn the right to add a generational notch, though. You see, by the time GPRS was on the market, the UN's International Telecommunications Union had already put together its IMT-2000 standard, an official list of specifications that a "true" 3G technology would have to meet. Most importantly, IMT-2000 required stationary speeds of 2Mbps and mobile speeds of 384kbps -- benchmarks that GPRS couldn't meet even on its best day.
And that's the story of how GPRS got stuck as a tweener: better than 2G, not good enough to be 3G. It was important enough so that it might have earned the right to be called 3G had the ITU not already drawn the line, but that's how the cookie crumbles. Turns out it would just be the first of many, many generational schisms over the next decade.
In addition to the aforementioned speed requirements, the ITU's official 3G specification also called out that compatible technologies should offer smooth migration paths from 2G networks. To that end, a standard called UMTS rose to the top as the 3G choice for GSM operators, and CDMA2000 came about as the backward-compatible successor to IS-95.
Following the precedent set by GPRS, CDMA2000 offered CDMA networks an "always-on" data connection in the form of a technology called 1xRTT. Here's where it gets a little confusing: even though CDMA2000 on the whole is officially a 3G standard, 1xRTT is only slightly faster than GPRS in real-world use -- 100kbps or so -- and therefore is usually lumped in with GPRS as a 2.5G standard. Fortunately, CDMA2000 also defined the more advanced 1xEV-DO protocol, and that's where the real 3G money was at, topping out at around 2.5Mbps.
The first CDMA2000 and UMTS networks launched between 2001 and 2003, but that wasn't to say that manufacturers and standards organizations were standing still with the 2G technology path, either. EDGE -- Enhanced Data-rates for GSM Evolution -- was conceived as an easy way for operators of GSM networks to squeeze some extra juice out of their 2.5G rigs without investing serious money on UMTS hardware upgrades and spectrum. With an EDGE-compatible phone, you could get speeds over double what you got on GPRS; not bad at the time. Many European operators didn't bother with EDGE, having already committed to going big with UMTS, but Cingular -- likely looking to buy itself time -- jumped at the opportunity and became the first network to roll it out in 2003.
So where would EDGE fit, then? Depends who you ask. It's not as fast as UMTS or EV-DO, so you might say it's not 3G. But it's clearly faster than GPRS, which means it should be better than 2.5G, right? Indeed, many folks would call EDGE a 2.75G technology, eliciting sighs from fraction-haters everywhere. The ITU doesn't help matters, officially referring to EDGE as an ITU-2000 Narrowband technology -- basically, a 2G standard capable of eking 3G-esque speeds.
As the decade rolled on, CDMA2000 networks would get a nifty software upgrade to EV-DO Revision A, offering slightly faster downlink speeds and significantly faster uplink speeds -- the original specification (called EV-DO Revision 0) only allowed for uploads of about 150kbps, impractical for the rampant picture and video sharing we're all doing with our phones and laptops these days. Revision A can do about ten times that. Can't very well lump an upgrade that big in with 3G, can you? 3.5G it is, then! Ditto for UMTS: HSDPA would add significantly faster downlink speeds, and HSUPA would do the same for the uplink.
Further refinements to UMTS would produce HSPA+, dual-carrier HSPA+, and HSPA+ Evolution, ranging in theoretical speeds from 14Mbps all the way past a mind-boggling 600Mbps. So, what's the deal? Is it safe to say we've hit a new generation yet, or is this just 3.75G the same way that EDGE was 2.75G?
Just as it did with the 3G standard -- IMT-2000 -- the ITU has taken ownership of 4G, bundling it into a specification known as IMT-Advanced. It's no slouch, either: the document calls for 4G technologies to deliver downlink speeds of 1Gbps when stationary and 100Mbps when mobile, roughly 500-fold and 250-fold improvements over IMT-2000, respectively. Those are truly wild speeds that would easily outstrip the average DSL or cable broadband connection, which is why the FCC has been so insistent that wireless technology plays a key role in getting broadband data to rural areas -- it's more cost-effective to plant a single 4G tower that can cover several dozen miles than it is to blanket farmland with fiber optics.
Unfortunately, those specs are so aggressive that no commercialized standard in the world currently meets them. Historically, WiMAX and Long-Term Evolution (LTE), the standard generally accepted to succeed both CDMA2000 and GSM, have been thought of as "4G technologies," but that's only partially true: they both make use of a newer, extremely efficient multiplexing scheme called orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA, as opposed to the older CDMA or TDMA we've been using for the past twenty years) and they both lack a dedicated voice network -- 100 percent of their spectrum is used for data services, which means that voice calls would be treated as VoIP (not unlike Skype or Vonage). Considering how heavily data-centric our mobile society has become, that's a good thing.
Where WiMAX and LTE fall short, though, is in raw speed. The former tops out at around 40Mbps and the latter around 100Mbps theoretical, while practical, real-world speeds on commercial networks so far have tended to range between around 4Mbps and 30Mbps -- well short of IMT-Advanced's lofty (and, arguably, most important) goal. Updates to these standards -- WiMAX 2 and LTE-Advanced, respectively -- promise to do the job, but neither has been finalized yet... and production networks that make use of them are still years away.
That said, you could still easily argue that the original WiMAX and LTE standards are authentically different enough from the classically-defined 3G standards to call them a true generational upgrade -- and indeed, most (if not all) of the carriers around the world that have deployed them have referred to them as "4G." It's an obvious marketing advantage for them, and the ITU -- for all the good it's trying to do -- has no jurisdiction to stop it. Both technologies (LTE in particular) will be deployed to many, many more carriers around the globe over the next several years, and the use of the "4G" moniker is only going to grow. It can't be stopped.
Arguably, it was T-Mobile's move that really sparked a fundamental rethinking of what '4G' means to the phone-buying public.
The story's not over, though. T-Mobile USA, which has no publicly-announced plans to upgrade its HSPA network to LTE any time soon, decided late last year to start branding its HSPA+ upgrade as "4G," too. In principle, the move makes some sense: the 3G technology path will ultimately scale to speeds well beyond what mere LTE can achieve today, eventually coming within spitting distance of IMT-Advanced. There are many markets where T-Mobile's 21Mbps HSPA+ network is faster than Sprint's WiMAX network. And neither Sprint, Verizon, nor MetroPCS -- the three American carriers with live WiMAX / LTE networks -- are offering VoIP yet; they're still falling back on their 3G airwaves for voice, and will continue to do so for some time. Furthermore, T-Mobile will upgrade to 42Mbps this year, still without touching LTE!
Arguably, it was T-Mobile's move that really sparked a fundamental rethinking of what "4G" means to the phone-buying public. AT&T, which is in the process of upgrading to HSPA+ and will start offering LTE in some markets later this year, is calling both of these networks 4G -- and naturally, neither Sprint nor Verizon have even thought about backing down on their end. All four US national carriers seem entrenched at this point, having successfully stolen the 4G label from the ITU -- they've taken it, run with it, and reshaped it.
So where does this all leave us? In short, carriers seem to have won this battle: the ITU recently backed down, saying that the term 4G "may also be applied to the forerunners of these technologies, LTE and WiMAX, and to other evolved 3G technologies providing a substantial level of improvement in performance and capabilities with respect to the initial third generation systems now deployed." And in a way, we think that's fair -- no one would argue that the so-called "4G" network of today resembles the 3G network of 2001. We can stream extremely high-quality video, upload huge files in the blink of an eye, and -- given the right circumstances -- even use some of these networks as DSL replacements. Sounds like a generational leap to us.
Whether WiMAX 2 and LTE-Advanced will ultimately be called "4G" by the time they're available is unclear, but our guess is that they won't -- the experience you'll have on those networks will be vastly different than the 4G of today. And let's be honest: the world's marketing departments have no shortage of Gs at their disposal.


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text:
49ers injury news: Kyle Shanahan not expecting Dee Ford to play vs. Seahawks, explains Breida and Person's lack of playing time
Chuck Cook-USA TODAY Sports
49ers injury news: Kyle Shanahan not expecting Dee Ford to play vs. Seahawks, explains Breida and Person's lack of playing time
By David Bonilla
Dec 22, 2019 at 3:55 PM • --
San Francisco 49ers head coach Kyle Shanahan spoke with reporters via a conference call on Sunday and provided some injury updates as the team heads into its last game of the season — a Week 17 matchup against the Seattle Seahawks at CenturyLink Field.
Shanahan discussed defensive end Dee Ford (quadricep, hamstring), guard Mike Person (neck), safety Jaquiski Tartt (ribs), and defensive tackle Jullian Taylor (elbow), all while keeping an eye on the matchup between the Seahawks and the Arizona Cardinals on a television in the background.
"Ford, we'll see how this week progresses, but I'm not expecting to have him this week," Shanahan said. "Person, we'll continue to limit him in practice with his neck. Tartt, we'll see how his ribs are Tuesday when we get ready for practice. I'm not sure. It depends how he feels that day.
"And then Jullian Taylor, coming back from his elbow, I'm anticipating him being able to practice on Tuesday."
Person was active on Saturday night against the Los Angeles Rams but did not play. Daniel Brunskill started in his place at guard.
"Mike plays through a lot of things," Shanahan explained. "He was willing to play through that. His neck has been bothering him off and on a little bit. We thought it was bothering him too much in the game that it was prohibiting him from playing at a high level. We know it will help him to rest, but we also wanted to have him up in case of an emergency, if someone did get hurt."
Shanahan noted that Person's experience at both center and guard made him an important player to have available.
The coach said he had planned to have running back Matt Breida get some playing time against the Rams, but it just didn't work out as the game progressed. Raheem Mostert received the bulk of the workload with Tevin Coleman contributing a significant amount, too.
"It was nothing against Matt," Shanahan said. "Unfortunately, it's how the game worked out for him."