text:
See financials
Alternative care
Strenghten families
SOS Estonia
Irina, a mother at the SOS Village, says: "Little kids don't always understand that snug rubber boots and a warm scarf around their neck signify a mother's love! I think that by talking about love a lot and doing loving deeds, love multiplies and grows even bigger!"
How we use our donations
The Estonian Society of the SOS Children's Village has five villages, two youth homes and the Family Strengthening Programme in seven local government areas. The SOS Children's Village operates in four areas: Viru County, Harju County, Southern Estonia and Rapla County.
Families at the SOS Children's Village
In 2018, a total of 231 children were in family-based care. The village and youth home took in 19 new kids. During the year, 31 children and young people exited the service, 15 of whom started living independently; the others returned to their biological parents or went on to other (learning) institutions. At the end of 2018, the Harju County programme had 99 children and youngsters, the Viru County programme 55, the Southern Estonia programme 20 and the Rapla County programme 26.
The amount of state support per child living in a substitute home was 1200-1617 euros in 2018, depending on the child's age and health. The cost to the SOS Children's Village per child living in children's villages and youth homes was 1750 euros per month in 2018. In addition to local government revenue, the families at the SOS Children's Village are financed by both Estonian donators and SOS Children's Village International.
Children need family above all else, and our greatest challenge is finding substitute parents who are willing to work in a traditional children's village or to raise children as part of their own families. We are glad that in 2018 three parents joined the children's village and accepted children into their homes. As of the end of 2018, the SOS Children's Village had a total of five families raising children in their own homes.
Families at risk
Approximately 400 children end up in substitute homes or shelters in Estonia each year because their parents are unable to take sufficient care of them. Often these are families who have found themselves in difficulty for various reasons. These families are fighting poverty and living in need and their helplessness is worsening. In a crisis, parents are no longer able to properly assess the situation of their children and are unable to ensure safe and age-appropriate development for them. An estimated 7000 children are at risk of being separated from their families each year.
It is in the interests of children living in families at risk for intervention to take place as quickly as possible so as to ensure their safe development. Our experience shows that when families are supported and assisted, they can raise their children themselves and the kids do not have to be taken away from the family.
The SOS Family Strengthening Programmes supported 627 people in need (151 families) during the year. For the last few years the SOS Family Strengthening Programme has been operating in Narva, Sillamäe, Keila, Kohtla-Järve, Lääne-Harju municipality and Harku municipality. In 2018, we launched new programmes in Põltsamaa and Paldiski. On 13 May 2019 the programme was also launched in Viljandi municipality.
The SOS Children's Village has been helping families in difficulty for 10 years, with 1300 children and their family members and more than 550 families receiving help so far. Today, all of these families are able to raise their children on their own. We know we can provide these children and families with the support they need. Families rediscover the will to live and children remain with their parents. The need to contribute to prevention is great and the SOS Children's Village can do this by relying on Estonia's kind donators and in places where there is good cooperation with the local government.
As of 2018, 138 people form part of our extended family, with different workloads and contracts. 112 of them work directly with the children, whether as parents, family assistants, social workers or support people from the SOS Family Strengthening Programme families.
A total of 26 people work in support positions so that our organisation, which for 25 years has been contributing to a better future for Estonian children, can carry on this work as passionately and caringly tomorrow as it does today. They include programme managers, fund-raisers, accountants, drivers (who help transport the disabled children in Narva-Jõesuu and the children who go to the special school in Keila), a personnel manager and more.
The SOS Children's Village in numbers
In 2018, the income of the Estonian Society of the SOS Children's Village was 5,312,549 euros, of which 2,798,504 euros was received from local governments (53%). Donations from individuals amounted to 1,274,514 euros (24%), donations from enterprises accounted for 322,262 euros (6%) and donations from abroad and other sources made up 917,259 euros (17%).
In 2018, the total running costs of the Estonian Society of the SOS Children's Village was 4,862,008 euros. Personnel costs are our greatest item of expenditure, because the constant care, love and attention of adults is what raises our children. Personnel costs in 2018 amounted to 2,901,814 euros (60%), including wages, salaries and training costs, special bonuses and 3rd pension pillar contributions for the parents from the SOS Children's Village. Utility costs amounted to 738,233 euros (15%), including the cost of maintaining and repairing houses and spending on IT (since the SOS Children's Village has a large number of sensitive personal data and we consider it very important that they are stored securely). The family budget spent a total of 774,232 euros (16%), with the main costs being the daily expenses of families (including spending on children's activities and medicines). Other costs amounted to 447,729 euros (9%), including transportation i.e. the expense of moving over 200 children and 138 employees around. In addition, this included costs incurred for the running of the organisation, i.e. fundraising, and other general costs.
The net surplus for the financial year was 449,518 euros. This amount includes financial support received from SOS Kinderdorf International in Denmark of 335,769 euros. The intended purpose of this support is to reorganise the Keila Children's Village in 2019.
In 2018, the Estonian Society of the SOS Children's Village paid national taxes in the amount of 977,600 euros.
The reserve fund of the SOS Children's Village
In accordance with the rules pertaining to international organisations, the SOS Children's Village has a minimum reserve requirement of three months. We have raised this amount over the years with the help of international support. Reserves are needed to ensure a loving home for children living under the care of the SOS Children's Village, even if something catastrophic happens – economic conditions deteriorate sharply so that it is no longer possible to raise sufficient donations, the local government is unable to meet their obligations, or it is necessary to make an emergency investment. The funds collected in the reserves may be used with the approval of the society's supervisory board for the reorganisation of activities and/or commencement of services, but thereafter a three-month reserve must be restored in the following years. Over time, the SOS Children's Village has accumulated a reserve fund of 1,267,000 euros.
Reorganisation of the SOS Children's Village in Keila
Through SOS Kinderdorf International, support for the reorganisation of the SOS Children's Village in Keila was received from Denmark in the amount of 335,769 euros. The intended purpose of this support is to reorganise the Keila Children's Village in 2019. The aim of the reorganisation is to offer even better, more homely and flexible ways of caring for our children. This means that the oldest and largest children's village will no longer continue in its current form. From 2019-2023 all of the families living at the Keila Children's Village will receive a private residence in Keila or Harju County. For this purpose, suitable homes are currently being sought to which families can move. They will receive wide-ranging help to adapt to their new situation.
Completed in 1994, Keila SOS Children's Village was planned to be a residence for a total of 96 children, or 12 families of eight members. Today, 25 years later, a lot has changed. Firstly, there has been a change in the way we live in society. While community life was valued 25 years ago, privacy and independence are valued today. Secondly, it has become clear that the location of the village is not the most appropriate, which makes reorganising the existing village impractical. Thirdly, it is becoming harder and harder to find suitable parents for the community, since the right people prefer more privacy and would rather have things arranged more like in foster families.
Thus, the main reasons for families to raise children in their own homes are the well-being of the kids and parents, the possibility to adapt this approach quickly and conveniently according to the wishes of the children and the local government, the ability to work together to design a diverse family parent working model that suits different people and the fact that parents can work under one family parent contract.
The SOS Children's Village is using all of its available resources to reorganise things so that our children living in families in Keila can transfer smoothly to their new homes in Harju County.
The biggest challenges in 2019 are finding family parents who would like to take care of children without parental care, be it in their own homes or in residential space rented by the SOS Children's Village, and the reorganization of Keila SOS Children's Village.
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Q: Good practices about Data Encryption I would like to know (better ideas/best practices...) what can I use to encrypt my data.
I've used TDE in the past and I really don't like it. because if something happens with the certificate, and the servers, I will not be able to restore the backups.
I'm doing tests after tests and I just don't fell safe about it.
What are some other options to secure my database/data/backup files?
I tried masked data too, but 1) its for sql server 2016+ (and for now we are using 2012).. and 2) it just creates another column with the data masked, with the original still there.
What is a good option for this task?
i want to protect my backups so nobody can "steal and restore" it in another server, and I would like to prevent data steal.
I'm already using a good secutity measure with logins and ETC. only me have the sa pass, I created a function where it changes the pass everymonth, etc etc.

A:
i want to protect my backups so nobody can "steal and restore" it in
another server, and I would like to prevent data steal.

TDE would be the best built-in solution here, however if you solely care about backups and not your .mdf/.ndf/.ldf files  then you could look into backup encryption to encrypt your backups. But this will also need a: Certificate or Asymmetric Key. Third party backup solutions could also be an option.
Source
A solution that works together with TDE encryption is bitlocker:

With TDE alone, the database files themselves are encrypted (as well
as backup files of the TDE-encrypted databases). Therefore, if either
file is copied or stolen via a network, as in the above example, the
attacker cannot read it. But if the attacker gains access to the whole
drive, including SQL Server, he can start SQL Server and read the data
using SQL, because SQL Server is doing the decryption for him. Now if
both BitLocker and TDE are used concurrently, both data theft vectors
are mitigated. Both technologies complement each other, and it is
recommended that you use BitLocker together with TDE for defense in
depth.

Source

I tried masked data too, but 1) its for sql server 2016+ (and for now
we are using 2012).. and 2) it just creates another column with the
data masked, with the original still there.

Data masking is not an encryption feature, it is a masking feature based on your role assignments. It works together with restricting users and their rights to query objects such as ad-hoc querying.

Another solution to look into would be Always Encrypted but that restricts certain querying of that data such as rich computation when using deterministic or (randomized encryption before SQL Server 2019).
Source

I'm already using a good secutity measure with logins and ETC. only me
have the sa pass, I created a function where it changes the pass
everymonth, etc etc.

The better practice is to rename and disable the sa login.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
As we start the second year in the Covid-19 era, local health facilities share their struggles and successes
Keith Twitchell,
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely taxed every single component of the healthcare system in the United States. None, however, has been more stretched and stressed than medical facilities of all sizes.
In many locations, the unthinkable became routine: patients waiting in ambulances for three hours due to a lack of emergency room space; elective surgeries postponed; patients delaying treatment for other diseases due to COVID-19 fears, sometimes with serious — even fatal — consequences.
As elective surgeries and procedures generate more revenue than emergency care, it's understandable that many medical facilities are struggling financially. Add to that the fact that obtaining the specialized equipment and supplies to treat COVID-19 patients has also been costly, especially in a seller's market. A study conducted by Texas A&M University estimated that hospitals lost between $1,000 and $3,000 per COVID-19 patient.
Hospitals also incurred extra personnel costs to maintain adequate treatment staff over the past year. A nationwide nursing shortage during pandemic peaks forced facilities to provide higher pay and sometimes bonuses to attract sufficient qualified staff; some even provided housing or childcare, further adding to their costs. At the same time, staff from other areas of treatment were furloughed or released as demand for their services fell.
The human toll on the doctors and nurses has been particularly severe. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released figures at the end of February 2021 indicating that more than 412,000 medical workers had contracted COVID-19, and nearly 1,500 had died from the disease — data that the CDC believes is actually a very conservative estimate.
There have also been serious mental health impacts on medical workers. In addition to watching countless patients die under particularly difficult circumstances, many doctors and nurses have had to quarantine away from their families, work highly extended hours, and sometimes work outside their areas of specialty. The result has been fatigue, anxiety, depression, PTSD; in one extreme case, a top emergency room physician in New York City committed suicide due to being overwhelmed by the situation.
In response to personnel issues, some hospitals have brought retired doctors and nurses back on staff. North Dakota even allowed COVID-19-positive nurses to keep working. Needless to say, this has not helped the quality of patient care.
And because too much is never enough, IBM estimates that cyberattacks against hospitals have doubled since the start of the pandemic. These have often been ransomware attacks, as criminals surmise that hospitals cannot afford down time and are more likely to pay.
A Steep Learning Curve
Local facilities never reached the dire situation of patient overflow; for example, at its peak, University Medical Center in New Orleans gave 59% of its patient beds to COVID-19 cases. Nonetheless, non-emergency procedures were postponed, the hospital had to make adjustments like converting post-operation recovery rooms into extra ICUs, and staffing concerns were frequent.
Moreover, the disease itself, as a new virus, created its own set of issues.
"Our biggest challenge was probably understanding the modalities of the disease, because that has been changing and evolving," said Michael Griffin, president and CEO of DePaul Community Health Centers. DePaul has 10 community health centers throughout the Greater New Orleans region, as well as mobile units, and also has a presence in 23 area schools, which meant their 325 staff members saw and treated a wide variety of patients.
DePaul responded by mobilizing quickly to provide virtual care via telehealth processes, but Griffin noted that "it was difficult to provide the same level of treatment, especially for patients with chronic diseases like diabetes or hypertension. It was very disruptive."
DePaul's health centers also had to reduce services such as dentistry and optometry to emergency care only, as in-person visits to the facilities were kept to a minimum. At the same time, the centers had to make the switch to providing COVID-19 testing safely and efficiently; to date, the DePaul facilities have tested some 10,000 patients.
All these changes required establishing a new level of communications with patients.
"We worked really hard to communicate to patients how they could continue to have access to our services," Griffin reported. "I'm really proud of the speed and flexibility of our team to adjust and continue serving patients."
DePaul did experience a high level of turnover among support staff. Some were a result of having children suddenly out of school, while others left the healthcare field entirely, concerned about exposing themselves or family members to the coronavirus. All struggled with the new demands placed on them by the pandemic.
"Taking care of our own team quickly became a top priority, as well as a major challenge," said Griffin.
From HIV to Covid-19
Similar challenges have confronted CrescentCare, another federally qualified health center. Founded in New Orleans in 2013, with two locations in the city and one in Houma, CrescentCare's origins with the NO/AIDS Task Force gave it a different viewpoint on the pandemic — as well as a different set of challenges in caring for its patient base.
"Our HIV experience gave us some expertise and perspective on the pandemic," said Dr. Jason Halperin, HIV/infectious disease clinician lead for CrescentCare. "Our DNA is caring for people with HIV, ending that pandemic. Those same lessons came back, especially relating to managing fear in patients."
CrescentCare's facilities are intentionally located in underserved areas, which means caring for populations that typically struggle to access quality healthcare. However, like DePaul, they too had to minimize in-person visits; by the end of March 2020, they had converted to almost 100% telehealth. Internet access tends to be lower in these communities, however, so CrescentCare's patient base frequently encountered difficulties responding to this transition. And, as Halperin observed, "How do you provide care to someone without a phone when you aren't having clinic visits?" Many patients lost their jobs and were simply struggling to survive, let alone manage their health and face increased challenges navigating the health insurance maze.
In response, CrescentCare cautiously increased their number of home healthcare visits. They expanded their food pantry, and established a 24-hour call center staffed by nurses and providers. Ultimately, they became what Halperin described as a "COVID-19 clinic."
"We began offering COVID-19 testing on March 14 [2020], and at this point we've tested over 15,000 people," he said. "We provided walk-in testing, and people didn't have to be previous patients. We saw a lot of very sick people, and in April we were seeing a 45% positive test rate. We tried to provide the best answers we could for these patients, based on the best science available at the time."
CrescentCare also had to focus on keeping its own employees cared for and safe, essentially creating their own employee health structure and doing their own internal contact tracing.
Larger facilities, like area hospitals, faced similar issues, but in some ways their size provided certain advantages. The LCMC system, with its six hospitals and more than 12,300-member staff, used this strength effectively during the worst of the pandemic.
"At the highest peak, we were able to redeploy teams, mostly nurses, from less busy units and hospitals to the units with the high demand in order to ease the load and have more staff to help care for patients," said Mary Beth Haskins, director of public relations for LCMC. "We have not had any staff furloughs."
At the same time, Haskins said the biggest challenge for the system was "the emotional and physical toll this past year has taken on hospital teams, and not just physicians and nurses, but the entire staff."
Vaccines: Good News Came With Its Own Challenges
Fortunately, the arrival of vaccines has improved the outlook of facilities and their personnel throughout the greater New Orleans region, but it has also created a new set of logistical problems.
"The vaccination process has had its struggles from the start," said Mike McKendall, director of Pharmacy Services at East Jefferson General Hospital. "We had to create an entirely new process for this."
East Jefferson and the other LCMC hospitals conducted some vaccine planning exercises earlier in 2020, but those did not anticipate that the first vaccines available would require multiple doses, nor the extreme refrigeration requirements, particularly for the Pfizer vaccine.
"We had to obtain the 80-below freezers, and as a hub for distribution, we had to be sure we had enough capacity to store whatever supply we received," McKendall said. "We had to deal with the transportation issue. We had to deal with scheduling, especially when supply levels were uncertain, and the reminders for the second appointments, without overcommitting ourselves. We really had to reinvent the wheel."
Like other medical facilities, East Jefferson was eager to get its own staff vaccinated, but McKendall noted that even that required planning. "We had to stagger employee vaccinations in anticipation of potential side effects," he said. "We couldn't have our entire staff out for a day dealing with the side effects."
Managing vaccination logistics has been a challenge for the community health clinics as well. At DePaul, issues such as hours of availability for people working regular jobs, transit accessibility, and even parking availability at vaccination sites have posed problems. In response, DePaul is vaccinating teachers in their schools and establishing vaccination clinics at community sites. Being flexible in these ways had enabled them to provide 6,500 vaccinations by the beginning of March, with Griffin and his team ramping up to reach 1,000 shots per day within a few weeks.
CrescentCare was fortunate enough to begin receiving vaccines early on, starting with giving 60 shots per day and climbing to 180 per day by early March, at which point 88% of its staff had been vaccinated. Supply was still well short of demand, however. Halperin said the clinic received 200 to 300 calls per day from people requesting the vaccine.
CrescentCare also struggled with the complicated vaccine process — the storage requirements, the paperwork, the two-dose process — and the situation was compounded by financial issues. The pandemic had already stressed the clinic's finances, as regular revenue streams were shut down, along with access to the facilities, and according to Halperin, "There is simply no money in this. We receive better reimbursement for testing than for the vaccines."
The arrival of the single-dose Johnson and Johnson vaccine is "a game-changer," in the words of East Jefferson's McKendall. "We can vaccinate people at a much better rate, and this will help us bring the pandemic to an end much sooner."
The single-dose vaccine is also key to the mass vaccination site opened at the New Orleans convention center in early March. According to Allison Guste, vice president of clinical affairs for LCMC, the site can administer more than 1,000 shots per day, though uncertainties over the number of available doses have lingered as a problem.
Guste was also pleased to see community participation rates going up as the vaccination process continued. "We are working now with community groups to get the word out about vaccine safety and efficacy, and to debunk the social media myths."
In fact, Guste and her team heard "some really great stories from people wanting the vaccine before they were eligible for it," though nothing as crazy as the two Florida women who tried to pose as seniors in order to get their shots.
Another positive result from increasing vaccine availability is that facilities are hiring more staff to manage the vaccination process. Guste reported that LCMC is re-employing Convention Center staff that had been laid off when business there dried up, and is also hiring out-of-work people from the hospitality industry. East Jefferson is bringing on data entry people and rehiring retired nurses, while DePaul is drawing on its partnership with the local academic medical facilities to create a pipeline to fill its staff needs.
Working in the healthcare field requires a certain innate optimism, a fervent hope that one can make things better for individuals and entire communities. On that note, Griffin said he sees a possible silver lining of the events over the past year.
"I hope this will help us prepare for other biological threats that we know are out there," he said, "that this will add to our understanding of epidemics and diseases. We can learn from what went wrong and adjust how we treat them in the future.
Filling the Healthcare Workforce Pipeline
Both locally and nationally, the COVID-19 pandemic has created staffing issues across the healthcare spectrum, exacerbating a problem that had already existed, and will likely linger well past the pandemic's end.
"Even before the pandemic, the Department of Labor listed healthcare as the fastest growing job sector," said Sandy Mead, national director of workforce development at MedCerts, an online career training and certification firm based out of Michigan. "The need for allied health professionals has never been higher, due to the number of Americans now using our healthcare system."
In February, MedCerts announced it was teaming up with Equus Workforce Solutions, a national provider of workforce development services, to address these problems. According to a statement from MedCerts, the firms will "work with local hospitals to build apprenticeship programs. This approach is used for doctors when they get their internship and residencies, but in jobs like medical assistants and phlebotomists, this approach isn't common."
New Orleans is one of 10 target cities for this partnership, which hopes to "train dozens of apprenticeships" in the next few months.
Ochsner Health System also just announced in March that it will partner with Delgado Community College to develop new medical worker training. If these two programs are successful, a permanent solution to medical staffing issues could be another positive outcome from the tragedy of COVID-19.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
ENGIE secures billion-pound long-term FM contract at Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth
Sustainability | Finance | Estates and Facilities
£1.3billion FM contract follows interim services arrangement following Carillion collapse
22-year contract worth a total of £1.3billion
Scope includes total FM, project works and lifecycle management
Contract follows interim services arrangement since Carillion collapse
The contract will cover all building services and construction projects at the Queen Alexandra Hospitals for the next 22 years
Energy and services specialist, ENGIE, has secured a long-term contract to provide total facilities management services at Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust's Queen Alexandra Hospital (QAH) in Cosham in a deal worth £1.3billion.
Under the terms of the contact, ENGIE will provide all property and building services management, energy services, construction project works and asset lifecycle replacement services for the trust.
The company has been working with the organisation on an interim basis since early 2018 when it was asked to step in following the collapse of previous provider, Carillion.
Over the last six months the business has worked closely with the trust and PFI owner, The Hospital Company, to agree a new contract which will see ENGIE provide services for the remaining 22 years of the hospital's PFI contract.
The PFI contract between the trust and The Hospital Company remains unchanged.
The trust and The Hospital Company have managed what could have been a very difficult and uncertain time with exceptional skill and we are thrilled to have been able to support them
ENGIE will also be responsible for the management of 950 employees across the hospital site.
As part of the newly-revised facilities management arrangement, a number of new posts will be created by the end of the year in a range of disciplines, from technical staff to domestic supervisors and porters.
Other plans include ENGIE carrying out full refurbishments of the main restaurant and the current Costa outlet, which will not only enhance the facilities for those who use them, but also provide increased capacity for years to come.
Sam Hockman, divisional chief organisational officer for ENGIE's Places & Communities Division South, said: "The trust and The Hospital Company have managed what could have been a very difficult and uncertain time with exceptional skill and we are thrilled to have been able to support them, initially with an interim solution offering full service continuity at the hospital while ensuring the continued employment of the entire team at QAH – and now with a long-term solution which will see us serve the hospital and the wider community in the years to come.
"As we have done at several other major NHS trusts across the country, we will work with QAH to use our services expertise, combined with our capabilities in refurbishment and energy, to provide enhanced outcomes for the local people and communities that use the hospital."
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text:
Manuscript material from The Briggs Collection of Educational Literature,1744-1974
Bookmark:https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb159-bed
University of Nottingham Manuscripts and Special Collections
GB 159 B Ed
The collection comprises:
A collection of eighty-six notebooks containing samples of school work, 18th-19th century;
Bills for education of S.G. Beal at Exeter College Oxford, 1864;
Bills for education of Sir Henry and Alleyne Fitzherbert at St. John's College Cambridge, 1802-1836;
Bills for education of Anthony and John Fitzherbert at Rev. Francis Hodgson's school in Bakewell, 1830-1832;
Bills for education of members of the Pole family 1743-1839, and an item of correspondence with enclosures of William Chandos Pole 1847, 1839-1847;
Bills for education at a variety schools, 1780-1889;
Letters from school age members of the Gibbs family to their parents, 1810-1831;
Loose prints of landscape and nature together with a few original sketches in pencil, chalk and watercolours, c.1744-1775;
Printed prospectuses of schools and colleges, 1772-1882;
Account book for Radbourne and Muggington Schools, both in Derbyshire, 1748-1764;
Various other manuscript papers relating to schools and education in England includingDerbyshire, c.1798-1899;
Correspondence relating to the gift of the Briggs Collection of Pre-1851 Educational Literature to The University of Nottingham, 1949-1974.
William Gerald Briggs (1885-1975), for whom the collection is named, was educated at WakefieldGrammar School and Malvern College Oxford, graduating in 1907. He became assistant inspector ofhigher education for the West Riding of Yorkshire in 1911. He was appointed the Assistant Directorof Education for Derbyshire from 1919-1933, and Director from 1933-1948. Dr Briggs was a member ofThe University of Nottingham's Council from 1939 to 1973, Vice-President of Council from 1948 to1963, and Pro-Chancellor from 1962 to 1973. The University conferred an honorary Doctor of Lawsdegree upon Briggs in July 1961.
Dr Briggs combined his professional interest in education with a passionate personal interest inthe history of pedagogy in its broadest sense. He was an avid collector of published works relatedto this subject, both those used in formal education, and in literature which supported personalprogrammes of instruction and self-improvement. His acquisition of miscellaneous related manuscriptsforms a very small element within this broader collection.
The Reverend Francis Hodgson (1781-1852) was educated at Eton College and Cambridge Universitybefore being ordained in 1815. He was the vicar of Bakewell, Derbyshire from 1816-1836, Archdeaconof Derby from 1836-1840, and Provost of Eton College in 1840. He was related to the Coke family ofBrookhill Hall, Pinxton, Derbyshire, ran a school in Bakewell, and was a close friend of LordByron.
German Pole, of the Chandos-Pole family of Radbourne Hall in Derbyshire, is the earliest instance of a member of that family in this collection. He is recorded donating money for the education of poor children of Radbourne, Derbyshire in 1743. Sacheverell Pole was born in 1769 and assumed the added name of Chandos in 1807. The name Edward Sacheverell Pole refers to two individuals in the collection. The younger was born in 1792 and was still alive in 1847. His son, William Chandos Pole (1833-1895) was educated at Eton College. He was ordained and became the rector of the church at Radbourne, Derbyshire.
Sir Henry Fitzherbert of Tissington Hall, Tissington, Derbyshire (1783-1858) was the third baronet of a line created in 1784. He was succeeded by his third son, Alleyne Fitzherbert (1815-1860), who was ordained and became the rector of Warsop, Nottinghamshire. Sir Henry and Rev. Sir Alleyne were both educated at St. John's College Cambridge. Anthony (1818-1855) and John (1820-1894) Fitzherbert were the fourth and fifth sons of Sir Henry.
The collection has been divided into series by subject. Within these series, items have been arranged chronologically.
ACCESS: Accessible to registered readers only by advance appointment and some series are restricted pending full cataloguing.
REPROGRAPHIC: Reprographic copies can be supplied for educational use and private study purposes only, depending on access status and the condition of the documents.
Other Finding Aids
This description is the only finding aid available for the whole collection. Details of thestudent notebooks are available to readers in the Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections.A draft bundle list has been prepared for the rest of the collection. Copyright in the descriptionbelongs to The University of Nottingham.
Separated Material
Other collections relating to individuals and places mentioned in this description arerecorded on the National Register ofArchives.
COPYRIGHT: Permission to make published use of any material from this collection must be sought in advance in writing from the Keeper of the Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections (email mss-library@nottingham.ac.uk). TheDepartment will try to assist in identifying copyright owners but this can be difficult and theresponsibility for copyright clearance before publication ultimately rests with the person wishingto publish.
Dr Briggs' educational library was transferred to the University's care in 1950. It consisted primarily of published works of instruction for children from the 16th century to the early 19th century. An endowment allowed for the collection's continued development, with the active encouragement of Dr Briggs until his death in 1975. In 1989 the manuscripts in the collection were transformed to the archival series of the Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections. They form an artificial group, from a number of different sources.
The University of Nottingham; Department of Manuscripts and Special Collections: The Briggs Collection of Educational Literature, principally a printed book collection containing some 1800 items. The contents are listed on the University's on-line catalogue, UNLOC.
SchoolsEngland
EducationGreat BritainHistory18th century
Chandos-Pole family of Radbourne Hall
Fitzherbert family baronets of Tissington
Briggs William Gerald Dr 1885-1975 educationalist
Hodgson Francis Reverend 1781-1852 provost of Eton
Derbyshire, England


ActivCare at Bressi Ranch will host a Ribbon Cutting and Community Open House to commemorate its grand opening on November 8 from 2 pm to 4 pm. You will be able to tour this new memory care community and see how it is specially designed to enhance the lives of those with memory loss. Learn more here.


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Rev. Samuel Goodale
Rev. Samuel Goodale, Pastor of Grace Episcopal Church, Columbus, was born in Berkshire County, Mass., in 1814, where he remained, living with his parents, until he was twenty-one years of age. He graduated at Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1836, having been one of the founders of the Psi Upsilon Society, and a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society, of that college. He then taught school in Wheeling, W. Va., three years. He entered the Episcopal Theological Seminary at New York City, graduating in 1841, in which year he was ordained at Providence, R. I. His first charge was as missionary near Syracuse, N.Y., where in 1843 he married Miss Rebecca Kimball, who died at Kalamazoo, Mich., in 1850, to which place they had that year removed. She left a son, Chester, now living near Ashland, in Cass County, Neb. In 1852, Mr. G. was married at Wilbraham, Mass., to Miss Anna Merrick, a native of that State. They have one child, a daughter, Josie, now the wife of V. T. Prise, of Columbus, Neb. From Kalamazoo he went to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in 1853, remaining two years, then going to Geneseo and Rock Island, Ill., where he remained until 1866. In that year he came to Nebraska, accepting the appointment of missionary along the Union Pacific Railway. He located at Columbus in 1868, where he built a church, afterward going to Lincoln, Ashland and Fremont, at which places, and at Silver Creek, he built churches. In 1877, he returned to Columbus, where he now lives. He was chosen Chaplain of the Senate of the Eighth Legislature, serving most acceptably in this position during the session.
Source: Andreas' History of Nebraska , Platte Co, City of Columbus
Submitted by Susie Martin-Rott.


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Source: Why Product Packaging is Important? Know the Reasons!


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The original version was LISP 1, invented by John McCarthy <[email protected]> at MIT in the late 1950s. Lisp is actually older than any other high level language still in use except Fortran. Accordingly, it has undergone considerable change over the years. Modern variants are quite different in detail. The dominant HLL among hackers until the early 1980s, Lisp now shares the throne with C. See languages of choice.


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Евсей Маркович Геллер (1918—1959) — , лауреат премии имени И. М. Губкина (1951).

Биография
Родился 23 сентября 1918 года в Ярославле, в семье мещан. Отец его был кустарем-одиночкой, специализировавшимся в часовом деле.

В 1936 году — окончил среднюю школу в Горьком, куда семья переехала в 1932 году. В 9-10 классах параллельно учился на курсах иностранных языков, в результате чего впоследствии свободно владел английским и хорошо знал французский и немецкий языки.

В 1941 году — с отличием окончил геолого-разведочный факультет Московского нефтяного института имени И. М. Губкина. Начиная со второго курса, в летнее время работал в полевых партиях, а с 1938 года был зачислен в штат ИГиРГИ Академии наук СССР на должность лаборанта.

По окончании института по распределению был направлен в Государственную союзную специализированную контору «Нефтегазосьемка» и работал в полевых партиях её в разных регионах СССР в течение 1941—1945 годов на должностях геолога и начальника партии (для всех специалистов работающих в области разведки и добычи полезных ископаемых на период ВОВ была жесткая бронь).

В апреле 1945 года — назначен главным геологом Нижневолжской экспедиции конторы, базировавшейся в Саратове.

Под его руководством Е. М. Геллера в этот период был внедрен в практику скважинных исследований газовый каротаж — исследование газовой фазы пород — или непосредственно (путем геохимического анализа керна и шлама), или через посредство глинистого раствора в момент появления его из устья скважины. В результате разработки и широкого опробования метода Е. М. Геллером был накоплен богатый материал, и на его основе в 1952 году он подготовил, а в 1953 — успешно защитил кандидатскую диссертацию «Газовый каротаж и геологические результаты его применения в Саратовском Поволжье» (191 страницы текста, 116 библиографических названий).

Некоторые выводы диссертации:
с помощью газового каротажа могут быть получены существенные геологические результаты в Нижнем Поволжье; газовый каротаж выявил ряд новых перспективных пластов в
разрезе ряда месторождений (особенно в карбонатных толщах); разработан новый вид геологической документации: карты газопроявлений, составленные по данным газового каротажа в целях определения контуров залежей; установлены факторы, искажающие показания газового каротажа, определён характер их влияния, способы учета и исключения искажений;
намечены пути совершенствования методики газового каротажа…

По сути Геллер стал автором нового способа исследования скважин, усовершенствованный впоследствии его учениками и успешно применяемый и в настоящее время.

Осенью 1953 года с учетом полученных им результатов в Саратове была создана Нижневолжская экспедиция (впоследствии отделение) всесоюзной спецконторы «Нефтегазосъемка», в которой Геллер становится старшим научным сотрудником и главным геологом. По совместительству в тот период он работал в НИИ геологии при СГУ, где руководил работами, связанными с внедрением его же предложения по теме «Фильтрационный газовый каротаж».

В 1956 году в связи с организацией филиала ВНИГНИ Геллер становится его сотрудником, руководителем одной из лабораторий.

Умер 22 сентября 1959 года.

Награды
 Премия имени И. М. Губкина (совместно с С. Ф. Фёдоровым, Н. Л. Гущиным, И. И. Енгуразовым, за 1951 год) — за работу «Поиски и разведка на нефть и газ в Саратовском Поволжье»

Ссылки

 Евсей Маркович Геллер. [1918 — 1959. Некролог]. — Геол. нефти и газа, No 12, стр. 54, портр.

Выпускники Российского государственного университета нефти и газа имени И. М. Губкина
Лауреаты премии имени И. М. Губкина

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Prisoners and Disabilities: The Legal Landscape
Loaded on Dec. 5, 2017 by Christopher Zoukis published in Prison Legal News December, 2017, page 42
Filed under: Disabled Prisoners, Conditions of Confinement, Americans with Disabilities Act. Location: United States of America.
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by Christopher Zoukis
Incarceration in a state or federal prison is bad. Incarceration in a state or federal prison while disabled is much worse.
Consider the numbers. According to a recent Vice.com article, 31 percent of prisoners in state facilities reported having a physical or mental disability. And as the U.S. prison population ages, the number of disabled prisoners is expected to increase significantly.
By almost all accounts, life in prison for a disabled person is immeasurably more difficult than for the non-disabled. Given the existence of Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 42 U.S.C. § 12131, et seq; section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (RA), 29 U.S.C. § 794(a) and the Eighth Amendment, this should not be the case.
The ADA requires that "reasonable accommodations" be made for disabled persons, and the U.S. Supreme Court established in 1998 that the ADA applies to state prisoners. The RA applies to both state and federal prisoners. In United States v. Georgia, 546 U.S. 151, 126 S.Ct. 877 (2006) [PLN, Mar. 2006, p.14], the Supreme Court held that prisoners may sue a state for monetary damages under the ADA, as Title II of the ADA abrogates state sovereign immunity.
The ADA defines "disability" as: (A) a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual; (B) a record of such an impairment; or (C) being regarded as having such an impairment. "Major life activities" include but are not limited to caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating and working. 42 U.S.C. § 12102(1).
The U.S. Department of Justice has created a Disability Rights Section in its Civil Rights Division, charged with monitoring and addressing ADA violations in, among other places, correctional facilities. The Disability Rights Section investigates thousands of complaints annually; according to John Wodatch, who headed the section from 1995 until 2011, almost all complaints have been substantiated.
"Every complaint we got from those people were legitimate complaints," he said. "It was a litany of discrimination against people with disabilities."
Violating the ADA is illegal, and thousands of complaints and lawsuits are filed by prisoners each year due to such violations. Some see the cost of ADA compliance as being too high for correctional facilities. Others, like Jamelia Morgan, a fellow with the ACLU's National Prison Project, worry that apathy among prison administrators can lead to ADA violations.
Progress has been made, but the election of President Trump and the appointment of Attorney General Jeff Sessions may portend a step backward.
"I worry that if we return to command-and-control corrections that we'll forget about the harms these systems inflict on these human beings," said Morgan. "I'd assume that people with disabilities will slip through the cracks."
Fortunately for disabled prisoners, there are organizations willing to advocate on their behalf. Each state has a Protection and Advocacy (P&A) agency that is granted federal authority to enter facilities that serve disabled people – including prisons and jails – in order to identify and address problem areas. The Amplifying Voices of Inmates with Disabilities (AVID) Prison Project tracks various P&A activities and provides reports and recommendations related to the treatment of disabled prisoners.
Recent reports by AVID, released in June and September 2016, found egregious violations of the ADA and the Eighth Amendment, as well as common decency, in American prisons. [See: PLN, June 2017, p.26]. Disabled prisoners are routinely punished for violating rules they cannot follow due to their disabilities. They are held in solitary confinement for years, sometimes decades, as a result of being disabled. Required accommodations such as accessible showers and toilets are in short supply, as is the ability of disabled prisoners to participate in work and educational programs.
P&As and their partners have long pursued litigation over these and other ADA violations. Settlements over the treatment of prisoners who are deaf, blind, mentally ill, HIV-positive or otherwise disabled – many of which were reported in PLN – have been reached in at least 14 states. Those settlements have, in some cases, ended the practice of using solitary confinement to manage mentally ill prisoners. They have also forced state Departments of Corrections to better train staff, to provide appropriate medical care to the disabled and to accept oversight in order to ensure compliance with federal law.
In some cases, it has taken a lawsuit to ensure that disabled prisoners have access to a shower. One could be forgiven for questioning why it takes years of federal litigation to ensure that a disabled prisoner can shower. The answer is that humanity is often in short supply within our nation's penal system. In other cases, corrections officials have confiscated prisoners' wheelchairs, canes, orthopedic shoes and even prosthetic limbs. [See: PLN, May 2010, p.33]. Thus, it is crucial that P&As and other advocacy groups continue to fight for the human rights of disabled prisoners.
"Additional forms of punishment are exacted upon inmates with disabilities across the country on a daily basis solely by virtue of their disability," noted Rachael Seevers, a staff attorney with Disability Rights Washington.
"There's an old saying that prisoners are sent to prison 'as a punishment, not for punishment,'" added federal criminal defense and civil rights attorney (and former PLN contributing writer) Brandon Sample. "But when it comes to prisoners with disabilities, prison officials – at both the state and federal levels – are known for their cruel indifference."
The AVID Prison Project has made recommendations that would greatly improve the treatment of disabled persons in both state and federal prisons. For example, AVID recommends increased monitoring of prisons by state officials as well as the U.S. Department of Justice. It also recommends the development of better relationships between corrections officials and P&A agencies. Finally, AVID urges the creation of a "Corrections Ombudsman Program," which would provide oversight outside of the prison administrative context.
There is little doubt that improvements to the way prison officials treat prisoners with disabilities are sorely needed. The current state of affairs for disabled prisoners makes it clear that the mere existence of the ADA, RA and constitutional requirements are not enough to protect these vulnerable individuals.
Commenting on a settlement between the Southern Poverty Law Center and the Alabama Department of Corrections in an ADA lawsuit, attorney Maria Moriss highlighted the need for further reforms.
"Prisoners with disabilities must have an opportunity to serve the sentence they received – not the sentence they must endure because the state fails to respect their legal rights," she said.
Sources: https://news.vice.com, www.splcenter.org, http://avidprisonproject.org, www.aclu.org, www.legalzoom.com, www.americanprogress.org, personal interview with attorney Brandon Sample
As a digital subscriber to Prison Legal News, you can access full text and downloads for this and other premium content.
More from this issue:
California Prisons Struggle with Environmental Threats from Sewage Spills, Contaminated Water, Airborne Disease, by Rick Anderson
Volunteers, Mayor Take Action to Clothe Freezing Prisoners in New York City, by Christopher Zoukis
$10.25 Million Jury Award in Suit over Oklahoma Jail Prisoner's Death, by Matthew Clarke
Study Tracks Decline in Use of Solitary Confinement as Reform Bill Stalls in U.S. Senate, by Lonnie Burton
New Study Indicates Annual Cost of Incarceration Exceeds $1 Trillion, by Audry Spade
Prison Tattoos Tell a Story, by David Reutter
Federal Judge Orders Cook County to Correct Courthouse ADA Violations, by Derek Gilna
Most Black "Neighborhoods" in Wisconsin are Actually Jails, Prisons, by Christopher Zoukis
Second Circuit Upholds $36 Million Jury Award, $5 Million in Fees in Wrongful Conviction Case, by Matthew Clarke
Pressure from Advocacy Group Leads University of California to Partially Divest from Wells Fargo, by Christopher Zoukis
Missouri DOC Director Replaced after String of Harassment and Retaliation Lawsuits
Tenth Circuit Reinstates Suit over Failure to Provide Medical Treatment to Oklahoma Arrestee/Prisoner, by Matthew Clarke
Eighth Circuit Reverses Dismissal of Prisoners' Suit over Repeated Overnight Deprivation of Clothing
Louisiana Death Sentence Reversed, Charges Dismissed, Lawsuit Filed, by David Reutter
Tennessee: High Cost of Drugs Cited as Reason to Deny Prisoners Hep C Treatment, by David Reutter
Innocence Project Emerging in Israel, by Christopher Zoukis
State Sanctioned Murder: By the Numbers, by Christopher Zoukis
Private Prison Company's Announcement to Reduce Recidivism Criticized as PR Ploy
Montana County Settles Suit over Prisoner's Rape for $125,000
Missouri Town Pays $1.2 Million to Settle Lawsuit over Jail Suicide, by Lonnie Burton
Prisoners and Disabilities: The Legal Landscape, by Christopher Zoukis
Prisoner's Escape from Understaffed Private Prison Results in Staff Discipline, by Christopher Zoukis
Study: Prison Spending Grew at Three Times the Rate of Education Spending over Last Three Decades, by Lonnie Burton
Visitors to USP Leavenworth Turned Away Due to Disabilities
Seventh Circuit: District Court Erred in Dismissing Prisoner's § 1983 Suit for Failure to Exhaust, by Lonnie Burton
$1.275 Million Settlement for Los Angeles County Jail Whistleblower, by Lonnie Burton
New York Jail Agrees to End Solitary Confinement of Juveniles, by Matthew Clarke, Derek Gilna
Vermont Supreme Court Upholds Rights of Jailhouse Lawyers, by Christopher Zoukis
D.C. Man Subjected to 77 Days Overdetention; Marshals Service Denies Responsibility, by Monte McCoin
Chicago Man Exonerated of Murder Awarded $13 Million after 22 Years in Prison, by Lonnie Burton
Third Circuit: No Death Row Confinement after Death Sentences Vacated, by Christopher Zoukis
Hawaii: OCCC Mental Health Care Fails, Prison Staff Fired, by Monte McCoin
State Governors Grant Over 500 Pardons, Commutations, by Christopher Zoukis
Pennsylvania: Philly D.A. Sentenced to Five Years for Corruption, Disbarred, by Monte McCoin
Massachusetts: Reform Legislation Introduced after Study on Solitary Confinement Published, by Lonnie Burton
Tennessee Judge Denies Summary Judgment Motion in Jail Suicide Suit; Case Settles, by Derek Gilna
New Zealand Court Decision: Voting Ban Violates Human Rights of Prisoners, by Monte McCoin
Seventh Circuit: Corizon May be Liable for Failure to Coordinate Medical Care, by Matthew Clarke
Ninth Circuit Denies Immunity to Police Officers, Jailers for Prisoner's Death, by Matthew Clarke
HRDC Sues Kitsap County, Washington over Debit Release Cards, by Derek Gilna
Prisoners in Solitary Confinement Benefit from Nature Videos, Study Shows, by Monte McCoin
Judge Orders Florida DOC to Immediately Start Treating Prisoners with HCV, by Derek Gilna
First Circuit Reverses Convictions of Massachusetts Probation Officials, by Christopher Zoukis
Study Indicates Racial Bias Skews Criminality Risk Assessment Tool
Arizona: Mixed Rulings in Challenges to State's Lethal Injection Protocol, by Lonnie Burton
Georgia Prison Doctor Rewarded for Cutting Costs as Prisoners Died Under His Care, by David Reutter
USP Atlanta Escapes Result in Convictions, by Monte McCoin
In Midst of Opioid Crisis, an Addiction Medication Program for Federal Prisons Fizzles, by Mike Ludwig
Federal Judge Expresses Frustration in New Orleans Jail Reform Litigation
From the Editor, by Paul Wright
More from Christopher Zoukis:
GEO Group Produces Litigation Documents After HRDC Files Public Records Suit, July 2, 2019
The Second Step: Invest in Prison Education Programs, Reinstate Pell Grants, July 2, 2019
Hawaii Supreme Court Finally Complies with SCOTUS' Apprendi Decision, Vacates Enhanced Sentence Based on Fact Determined by Judge, Not Jury, Feb. 14, 2019
Texas Court of Criminal Appeals Clarifies Proper Evidentiary Standard and Type of Evidence for Informal Competency Hearing, Feb. 14, 2019
Idaho Supreme Court: Temporary and Isolated Crossing of the 'Fog Line' Not Enough to Support a Traffic Stop, Feb. 14, 2019
Louisiana Supreme Court Vacates Conviction for Batson Violation, Feb. 14, 2019
Former Prisoners Become Attorneys: From Breaking the Law to Practicing Law, Feb. 4, 2019
Sixth Circuit: Tennessee Aggravated Sexual Battery Is Not a SORNA Tier III Offense, Jan. 18, 2019
Fourth Circuit Vacates USSG Career Offender Sentence Predicated on Georgia Robbery, Jan. 17, 2019
Ninth Circuit Remands Drug Case for Reconsideration of Sentencing Guidelines' Minor-Role Adjustment, Jan. 17, 2019
More from these topics:
Michigan: Settlement in Class-Action Suit by Prisoners with Hearing Disabilities, July 3, 2019. Deaf Prisoners, Disabled Prisoners, Settlements.
$3 Million Settlement Where Prison Doctor Failed to Treat Disabled Illinois Prisoner, July 3, 2019. Wexford Health Services, Disabled Prisoners, Medical, Failure to Treat, Americans with Disabilities Act.
Texas Prisoner's Lawsuit Over Reaction to Prison Blankets Moves Forward, July 2, 2019. Allergy, Conditions of Confinement, Bedding.
California: Denial of Bed During Jail Disturbances Not a Constitutional Violation, July 2, 2019. Conditions of Confinement, Bedding.
"Game of Kings" Has Large Following, Long History Behind Bars, July 2, 2019. Conditions of Confinement.
Settlement Reached in Suit Over Failure to Keep Released L.A. County Prisoners from Becoming Homeless, July 2, 2019. Disabled Prisoners, Release and Reentry, Mental Health, Post-release, ex-offender, re-entry, housing, jobs.
Complaint: Care at ICE Detention Center at Aurora, Colorado, Substandard, June 26, 2019. Medical, Failure to Treat, Americans with Disabilities Act, Immigration, Mental Health, Failure to Treat (Mental Illness), Fifth Amendment, 42 U.S. Code § 1983, civil action for deprivation of rights.
California Jail Prisoners Claim Sleep Deprivation; Court Issues Injunction, June 5, 2019. Conditions of Confinement.
Supreme Court Again Prevents Texas from Executing Intellectually Disabled Prisoner, June 5, 2019. Disabled Prisoners, Death Penalty/Death Row, Death Penalty, Death Row, Mental Health.
Showtime's "Escape at Dannemora" Left Out Torture and Abuse, June 3, 2019. Conditions of Confinement, Excessive Force, TV/Movies.
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You must really be fruit loops to think for one second I would go traipsing through the woods looking for Bigfoot with you and your whackjob boyfriend.
Any ring shaped rainbow colored cereal.
"fruit-loops." YourDictionary, n.d. Web. 12 April 2019. <https://www.yourdictionary.com/fruit-loops>.


This website is dedicated to my two passions: photography and investing.
I am fortunate to be able to work in the investment field. My job is to invest money in the stock market. If you're interested in my cursus, I encourage you to have a look at my LinkedIn profile where you will find my professional CV.
I live in Geneva, Switzerland. Most of my pictures are from the region, but I always try to take my camera with me when I get the chance to travel.
My photographic interests are mainly portraits and landscapes.
To contact me, you can find my email address after you've completed the captcha (a required step to avoid spam, sorry about the inconvenience).


text:
Oliveira dos Brejinhos este un oraș în statul Bahia (BA) din Brazilia.

Oliveira dos Brejinhos
Municipii din Bahia


Hello friend, my name is Andrew Mat, you can call me Andy as my friends call me. Let me tell you, home soundproofing wasn't my thing until one day….guess what?
A noisy college kid move next door, a wannabe rock star moved upstairs (I'm sorry to say this,,, but they can be so much irritating than a super rockstar). That was 5 years ago.
I swear I could've called the cops on them or reported them to the landlord……..but I asked myself…. "Are they the only guilty ones? I'm I also guilty?
To cut my long story short… I was able to find some cool DIY soundproofing materials to block out all outside noises and also to prevent my house from leaking noises to the outside.
Having been doing it for fun, I decided to start a blog and share with you some of the cool stuffs I've done before. Some I would recommend and other's I won't recommend.
If you're facing noise problem, why not bookmark my site and shoot a message if you need some more guidance.


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Q: Typescript Access objects nested within other types I am relatively new to typescript and it's ins and outs and I am having trouble with a certain structure. it looks like this:
I have a function I am using to feed data to a timeline component. the data recieved by the function can be of type 1 or type 2. Now this is where it gets complicated type 1 is a an object. However, type 2 can be any 1 of 4 different types
type1 : {}
type2 : type3 | type4 | type5 | type6
types 3-6 differ slightly in structure from one another and cannot be combined. In the function below the isConversion flag is a check for an (object: type6). This object has another object inside it of type 7.
type 6: {
   ...,
   type7: {
       ...,
       conversions
   }
}

inside type7 is a field called conversions that has the data I need to pass to the timeline.
timelineItems = (items: type1 | type2): PropsData => {
    const { dataType, isConversion } = this.state

    if(isConversion){
      const {comments, type7.conversions } = items as type6
      return {
        comments
        type7.conversions
      }
    }

I have a work around where I fetch type7 when I get the data and set it to the state. and use that value but I would like to to know if there is a way to get the conversions object as above.
Thank You.

A: So you want to know if you can determine if items type is Type6?
Typescript types are lost after compilation so you have to write your own typeguard which will return true if object is Type6. It's pure javascript check, for example if you know that only Type6 has certain field you can check if it is present in this object.
interface Type6 {
  comments: any[];
  type6: Type7;
}

interface Type7 {
  conversions: any[];
}

function isType6(obj): obj is Type6 {
  return obj.type6 !== undefined;
}

Then you can use this typeguard like this:
if(isType6(items)) {
  const {comments, type6: {conversions}} = items; // no cast needed, ts know it is Type6
  return {comments, conversions };
}


Netcraft reports a very convincing phishing attack on Paypal, exploiting a Cross Site Scripting vulnerability on the Paypal site.
The phishers exploit a XSS vulnerability on the original Paypal site. They automatically re-direct the user to the Phisher's site after they are induced to visit the original site. Netcraft has step-by-step screen shots of the attack.
The vulnerable page on the Paypal site was SSL-secured, so a user who visited the page even saw a valid Paypal SSL certificate. The auto-redirect told the users their account had been temporarily disabled, and to visit the "Resolution Center" for re-activating it. The phishers, of course, hosted the Resolution Center.
Paypal has fixed the vulnerability.
This seems to be the first appearance of phishing and XSS together. Expect to see more of this in the coming months.