text:
Q: Tensor product of a module and a localized ring Let $A$ be a commutative ring with unity.
Let $S$ be a multiplicative subset of $A$.
Let $M$ be an $A$-module.
Let $x \in M$. Suppose $x\otimes 1 = 0$ in $M\otimes_A S^{-1}A$.
Then there exists $s \in S$ such that $sx = 0$.
The usual proof uses the fact that $M\otimes_A S^{-1}A$ is canonically isomorphic to $S^{-1}M$ as an $S^{-1}A$-module.
Can we prove it directly? In other words, can we prove it without using
$S^{-1}M$?

A: Here is a cheating answer, assuming that you know that $M \otimes_A -$ preserves colimits (for example by adjunction) and $M \otimes_A A \cong M$:
We can write $S^{-1} A = \mathrm{colim}_{s \in S} A$, where we make $S$ into a directed category via $\hom(s,t) = \{r \in S : rs=t\}$ with transition maps $\hom(s,t) \to \hom(A,A)$ defined by $r \mapsto (a \mapsto ra)$. It follows $M \otimes S^{-1} A = \mathrm{colim}_{s \in S} M$ with the "same" transition maps. By the explicit construction of directed colimits, we conclude that $x \otimes 1 = 0$ iff there is some $s \in S$ with $sx=0$.
But in fact this argument is just another proof of $M \otimes_A S^{-1} A \cong S^{-1} M$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Eddie Jackson & his Swingsters: Detroit Hillbilly rock (1950-1960)
Nov 14, 2016 | Hillbilly bop artists
Detroit's country music scene of the 1950's featured a solid mix of talents and clubs where folks could stomp 'till two o'clock every night of the week, with some of the wildest sounds this side of Mason-Dixon Line. One man who was there in the thick of the good times was Eddie Jackson, who assembled the hottest bands and shows in town for two decades straight !
He was born in Cooksville, Tennessee, and Eddie's family, like many Southerners, moved to Detroit during a period a growth in automobile manufacturing. As a youngster during the 1930s and 40s, he took up guitar and singing, and idolized musical giants such as Hank Penny, Milton Brown, Bob Wills and Tommy Duncan (he even met Wills and Duncan in Stockton, CA, while Eddie served with the Navy during WWII). Upon his honorable discharge by Uncle Sam in 1947, Jackson returned to Detroit, and was offered to lead a band the same night he arrived ! From then on, Eddie Jackson and his various combos were crowd-pleasers at shows all over Michigan, parts of Ohio, and Ontario. Around 1950, Eddie's first group, the Melody Riders, cut a record in Detroit. The song « I'm willing to forget » was his first composition (Fortune 134).
"I'm willing to forget"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A4.-Im-willing-to-forget-F-134.mp3
"New set of blues"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Eddie-Jackson-new-set-of-blues.mp3
Billboard Jan 14, 1950
(Accompanying the Riders was Hal Clark on guitar, who later changed his name to Hal Southern and co-wrote « I dreamed of a hillbilly heaven ».) Hal Clark sang his comp on the flip "New set of blues". As the scene got cooking, Jackson's band started sizzling, and they found
Hal Clark (Fortune 146) "I don't mean a thing to you"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Fortune-146-Hal-Clark-I-dont-mean-a-thing-to-you.mp3
themselves booked nightly. Ted's 10-Hi Bar, on the east side, was the sight of Detroit's first C&W Jamboree, as hosted by Eddie Jackson and his Cowboy Swingsters (including Tracey White on guitar, and 'Smitty' Smith on bass). For several months, the trio performed 15-minutes radio broadcasts from WMLN-FM in Mount Clemens.Eddie Jackson also led a country music variety show, « The Michigan Barn Dance » on Detroit NBC affiliate Channel Four TV, during the early 1950's.
"Baby doll"(first version)
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/06-Eddie-Jackson-His-Swingsters-Baby-Doll.mp3
Throughout his career, Jackson performed with the finest musicians available in Detroit. Among the more famous were steel guitar players Chuck Hatfield (from Hank Thompson's band) and Billy Cooper (from Ferlin Husky's). When Elvis Presley brought rock and roll craze to country music, Eddie was sharp enough to add the big beat to his repertoire, and he wrote « Rock and roll baby » around 1956 (Fortune 186), with a fine accordion.
"Rock and roll baby"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A3.-Rock-and-roll-baby.mp3
« Baby doll »(second version) (Shelby 297) and « Please don't cry » were recorded after that, and through the 1950's the Swingsters played regular shows at a nightclub called the Caravan Gardens.
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A1.-Baby-doll.mp3
"Please don't cry"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A2.-Please-dont-cry.mp3
Eddie Jackson solidified the band's line-up with Joe Magic on bass & drums (played at the same time!), 'Uncle' Jimmy Knuckles on piano, and Tracey White on take off guitar. This group attracted big crowds, as well as popular country singers like Webb Pierce, Jean Shepard, Lefty Frizzell, Red Foley & many other top artists who often stopped in to perform songs with the Swingtsters ! Jackson also had his own program on Royal Oak radio station WEXL-AM, where he spun records and sometimes broadcast from the Caravan. In 1959 the Swingsters cut their most popular record record in Detroit : « I'm learning » backed with the rocker « Blues I can't hide »(Caravan 101). Even though Jackson says he preferred « Blues… », the ballad « I'm learning » went through the roof of WEXL's country & western charts. As a result, Eddie was able to pay cash for a new '59 Cadillac with a convertible top !
"Blues I can't hide"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A5.-Blues-I-cant-hide.mp3
"I'm learning"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/A6.-Im-learning.mp3
The Swingsters' next recordings stayed in step with country music trends of the early 1960's, with Jackson's version of his buddy Ricky Riddle's tune « Ain't you ashamed » sounding among the best.
"Ain't you ashamed"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/B1.-Aint-you-ashamed.mp3
They also backed Betty Parker on the Elm label # 742.
Betty Parker "Couldn't see"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Couldnt-See.mp3
Eddie cruised down to Nashville and recorded two more singles, including « You put it there » (Caravan 1004), a song from his last session in a recording studio. By the late 1960's he quit performing regularly, in favor a starting a successful business. Knuckles, White and others have since passed on. But whenever Eddie Jackson sings and entertain people, the crowd's humor rises, and sparks fly.
"You put it there"
http://www.bopping.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/B3.-You-put-it-there.mp3
Notes by Craig Maki to « Eddie Jackson and the Swingsters – « Music with a Western beat » (Woodward LP WD-100, 1996). Reproduced by courtesy © Craig Maki. Additions from bopping's editor. With appreciated help fro Drunken Hobo: thanks Dean!
Fortnight's favorites (224)
Hillbilly bop artists (145)
Bradshaw Jack (4)
hillbilly profiles (29)
Jack Dumery's chronicle (6)
Record labels (50)
Bullet records (2)
arkansas 45s
country discographies
Early Cajun music
hillbilly country blogspot
Hillbilly researcher
http://rockabillydukebox.blogspot.fr
Maddox Brothers & Rose site
Nathan Gibson's Starday collection
Ohio Valley Sounds
Roll Call Blogspot
the blues years
black cat rockabilly
Delmore Brothers
http://www.donnreynolds.com/links.htm
wangdangdula (Pete Hoppula, Helsinki, FI)
© Bopping - All rights reserved | Xavier M

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Double variable in bash #! /bin/bash

source_id="1 2 3 4 5 "
target_id="one two three four five"

for $target_id in ${!source_id[*]}
do
    echo " id " $target_id is " name is "${source_id[$targetid]}
done

I want print:
name is 1 id is one
name is 2 id is two

and so on…

A: You can do what you intend in this easier way :
#!/bin/bash

source_id='
1 one
2 two
3 three
4 four
5 five'

echo "$source_id" | sed '/^ *$/d' | while read id name
do
    echo "id is $id and name is $name"
done

If for some reason you NEED to use arrays, this is the right syntax for it :
#!/bin/bash

source_id=(1 2 3 4 5)
target_id=(one two three four five)

for (( i=0; i < "${#source_id[@]}" ; i++))
do
    echo "id is ${source_id[$i]} and name is  ${target_id[$i]} "
done

A: bash v4+, solution with associative arrays:
If you have bash version greater than 4, this way might be better:
target_id=(
    ["1"]="one"
    ["2"]="two"
    ["3"]="three"
    ["4"]="four"
    ["5"]="five"
)

for source_id in ${!target_id[*]}
do
    echo "name is ${target_id["${source_id}"]} id is "${source_id}""
done

Here read more about associative arrays in bash:
Associative arrays in bash
Solution with regular arrays:
source_id=(1 2 3 4 5)
target_id=("one" "two" "three" "four" "five")

array_len="${#source_id[@]}"

for (( index = 0 ; index < "${array_len}" ; index++ ))
do
    echo "name is ${target_id[${index}]} id is ${source_id[${index}]}"
done

You can read about bash arrays here : bash arrays


Sandgärdskolan is a secondary state school situated in the municipality of Borås in the south west of Sweden. Currently there are approximately 350 pupils in school years 7-9 (which means that they are 13-16 years old) in the school. Borås is the 14th largest city in Sweden, with about 110 000 inhabitants in the entire municipality.
Jonas Tengblad is head of Science and Mathematics. He also teaches ICT and works with school development at municipal level in Borås. Per Selin is a lecturer with research interest in practitioner led classroom research. His main areas for research and teaching is English and Swedish.
We are the pilot school in Sweden and especially involved in IO1 where we will outline the STEM challenges that the students will use to get involved in and interested in global science issues.


text:
import sys

def num_steps_climbed(floor_schedule):
    return sum(map(
	    lambda (x, y): y-x if y > x else 0,
	    zip(floor_schedule, floor_schedule[1:])))

def swap(i, floor_schedule):
	tmp = floor_schedule[i]
	floor_schedule[i] = floor_schedule[i+1]
	floor_schedule[i+1] = tmp

stdin = sys.stdin

N = int(stdin.next().strip())
floor_schedule = map(int, stdin.next().strip().split())

# Solve

min_steps = num_steps_climbed(floor_schedule)
f = -1

for i, a in enumerate(floor_schedule[:-1]):
    swap(i, floor_schedule)
    next_min = num_steps_climbed(floor_schedule)
    if next_min < min_steps:
        min_steps = next_min
	f = i + 1
    swap(i, floor_schedule)

print f

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A method for controlling appetite by means of a satiation device is disclosed. The device, which includes a flexible webbing defining proximal and distal openings and a biasing structure, is attached to the patient's stomach with the proximal opening positioned adjacent and below the patient's gastro-esophageal junction. The biasing structure imparts pressure against the wall of the patient's stomach adjacent the gastro-esophageal junction.
This patent application is a divisional of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/345,666 filed on Jan. 16, 2003, which is incorporated in its entirety herein by reference.
The present invention relates generally to the field of devices and methods for achieving weight loss in humans, and specifically to the use of devices implantable within the human stomach for controlling feelings of hunger and/or limiting food intake.
Prosthetic devices for use in controlling obesity are shown and described in U.S. application Ser. No. 09/940,110, filed Aug. 27, 2001 and U.S. application Ser. No. 10/118,289 filed Apr. 8, 2002, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/379,306 filed May 10, 2002. These applications are owned by the assignee of the present application, and the disclosures of these applications are incorporated herein by reference. Certain forms of these devices involve positioning a prosthetic pouch in the proximal stomach as shown in FIG. 1B. The pouch 2 includes a proximal opening 4 and a smaller distal opening 6 and forms a small reservoir that collects masticated food from the esophagus—thereby limiting the amount of food that can be consumed at one time. As the pouch fills with food, it may distend, imparting pressure against the upper stomach and lower esophageal sphincter causing the patient to experience sensations of fullness. The pouch may additionally or alternatively act as a restrictor, limiting the amount of food intake. The pouch is fixed in place using clips, sutures, suitable adhesives or other means 8 at anchor points around the perimeter of the proximal opening 4.
Because of the flexible nature of the tissue of the gastro-esophageal junction region and/or the material forming the pouch, gaps 9 can occur along the perimeter of the pouch in regions between neighboring anchor points. Solving this problem is made more difficult by the flared geometry of the walls of the proximal stomach. Food entering or accumulating in the pouch 2 can ooze from these gaps and pass around the exterior of the pouch directly into the stomach, thereby decreasing the effectiveness of the prosthesis. The embodiments described herein optimize the function of the pouch devices by forming a barrier against passage of food through any such gaps and/or by eliminating such gaps.
The present invention includes a prosthetic device positionable within the gastro-esophageal junction region of a patient, wherein the prosthetic device includes a proximal opening and a barrier device defining a central passage at least partially aligned with the proximal opening of the prosthetic device. In a method for positioning the prosthetic device, the prosthetic device is attached to tissue of the gastro-esophageal region of the patient, with the device positioned such that food ingested by the patient passes from the esophagus through the central passage and proximal opening into the interior of the prosthetic device. The barrier contacts surrounding tissue and thereby minimizes passage of food from the esophagus around the exterior of the prosthetic device. In preferred forms of the embodiment, the barrier is adaptable in response to movement of the surrounding tissue to maintain contact between the barrier and the surrounding tissue.
FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a satiation pouch provided without supplemental barrier features. The pouch is shown positioned in the stomach.
FIG. 1C is a top plan view of the satiation pouch of FIG. 1B shown within the stomach, and illustrating formation of gaps around the perimeter of the proximal opening.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a pouch having a circumferential barrier. The pouch is shown positioned in the stomach.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2 showing expansion of the barrier into contact with tissue in a stomach having relatively broad proximal dimensions.
FIG. 4A is a top view of a pouch similar to the pouch of FIG. 2 showing the barrier and spring members restrained in a radially inward orientation.
FIG. 4B is a side elevation view of the pouch of FIG. 4A.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment having an alternative barrier configuration utilizing blade members.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2 showing a third embodiment having yet another barrier configuration utilizing a band of stent material.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2 showing a fourth embodiment having yet another barrier configuration utilizing leaf springs.
FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional side elevation view of a fifth embodiment of a pouch, which has a proximal rim that forms a circumferential seal with adjacent body tissue.
FIGS. 8B and 8C are cross-sectional side elevation views similar to FIG. 8A showing slight modifications to the rim position.
FIG. 9A is a side elevation view of the pouch of FIG. 8A, showing the rim in the inverted position.
FIG. 9B is a side elevation view similar to FIG. 9B, showing the rim moved to the non-inverted position and drawing tissue over a portion of the rim.
FIG. 10A is a side elevation view of an alternative to the pouch of FIG. 9A, showing the rim in an everted position.
FIG. 10B is a side elevation view similar to FIG. 10B, showing the rim moved to the non-everted position and drawing tissue inside a portion of the rim.
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration showing a sixth embodiment of a pouch, which utilizes a bellows structure to create a barrier.
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration showing a seventh embodiment of a pouch, which utilizes a conformable sealing ring.
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration showing an eighth embodiment of a pouch, which utilizes an inflatable sealing ring.
FIG. 14 is a schematic illustration showing a ninth embodiment of a pouch having an expandable barrier stent.
FIG. 15 is a schematic illustration shown a tenth embodiment of a pouch showing an alternative configuration of a barrier stent.
The drawings show a number of embodiments of satiation pouches having features that create a barrier against passage of food through gaps occurring between the upper perimeter of the pouch and adjacent tissue and/or that minimize or eliminate such gaps. Ideally, the barriers will form a seal with the adjacent tissue, however it is sufficient that the barriers prevent a substantial amount of food from passing between the exterior of the pouch and adjacent tissue, without necessarily forming an impermeable seal.
For the purposes of this application, the term "satiation devices" or "satiation pouches" will be used to mean devices or pouches intended to induce weight loss in one or more of a variety of ways. These include, but are not limited to, physically restricting the amount of food that can be consumed, and/or imparting pressure against portions of the body (e.g. stomach, esophagus, esophageal sphincter, etc) causing the patient to experience sensations of fullness, and/or affecting levels of hormones or other substances in the body that control or affect feelings of hunger, and/or affecting the amount of ingested food absorbed by the body.
The pouch of each described embodiment may be formed of a flexible material that will prevent passage of food through the sides of the pouch. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to polyesters (e.g. Dacron® polyester), ePTFE fabric (e.g. GoreTex® fabric or others), a polyurethane such as ChronoFlex® polyurethane, nylon fabrics, silicone, other polymeric materials, and bio-absorbable materials (e.g. PLLA, PGA, PCL, poly-amhydride etc). The material may be a composite of compliant, semi-compliant and/or non-compliant materials that give different regions of the pouch different degrees of compliance so as to allow/limit expansion of the pouch in various locations. For example, it may be desirable to provide the pouch with a fairly elastic exit port to as to prevent occlusion in the event a large piece of food is ingested and/or to control the exit pressure of food from the pouch, whereas the proximal end of the pouch may be stiffer to prevent bulging. Varying degrees of compliance may also be built into the pouch by varying the cross-sectional thickness in different regions of the pouch. The material may be coated with a lubricious, bio-compatible, chemically inert material, such as paraleyne, to reduce friction on the base material's surface which will help prevent sticking and food build up on the device. The flexible pouch material may be reinforced with, constructed of, or supported by supporting members, such as a soft mesh, a cage structure, ribs, rings etc. The supporting members may be formed of stainless steel, polymer, shape memory materials such as nitinol, shape memory alloys, or shape memory polymers, or thickened regions of material. The pouch may be constructed so as to be self-expanding, such that the pouch springs radially open into an expanded condition upon ejection from a deployment device or catheter.
Implantation of the described devices is preferably performed endoscopically, by passing the devices through the esophagus, preferably under endoscopic visualization. Alternatively, the devices may be implanted using surgical or laparoscopic procedures.
During implantation the pouch is secured at the gastro-esophageal junction region G using sutures, clips, adhesives, stents or stent-like structures, or other suitable means. One suture attachment device found useful for applying sutures between the pouch and tissue is the "Sew-Right" suturing device available from LSI Solutions of Victor, N.Y. Although the pouch may be secured to the esophageal tissue, it is more preferable to apply sutures/clips below the Z-line to allow for attachment to the thicker tissue of the stomach wall.
Each of the described pouches includes a proximal opening and a distal exit port (see openings 4 and 6, respectively, of FIG. 1B). Because of its small volume (which may be on the order of approximately 2 cc-300 cc in volume, but is preferably in the range of 10-30 cc), the pouch functions to limit the amount of food that can be consumed at one time. Over time the food within this reservoir descends into the stomach through the exit port.
FIGS. 2 and 3 show a first embodiment of a pouch 10 having a proximal opening 12, distal exit port or opening 14 and a passage extending between the proximal and distal openings.
A resilient ring 16 surrounds the proximal opening 12 and a plurality of spring members 18 are attached to the ring 16. Spring members 18 are preferably biased in a radially outward direction and can pivot relative to ring 16. Although spring members 18 are preferably moveable independently of one another, they may take the form of multiple fingers formed along a single length of wire.
Anchor loops 20 are positioned on the spring members 18. The anchor loops 20 serve to receive sutures, clips or other attachment devices used to connect the pouch to surrounding tissue. The loops in each of the embodiments described in this application should be considered optional, since the pouch may alternatively be anchored directly to the tissue without the use of the loops 20.
The anchor loops 20 may be positioned in the outer apexes of the spring members as shown, and/or they may be positioned elsewhere such as closer to the ring 16. See, for example, loops 20 a shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2. Ring 16, spring members 18 and loops 20 are preferably made of a resilient material (e.g. stainless steel, polymers etc.) suitable for use within the body.
Webbing 22 is connected to the spring members 18 along the circumference of the ring 16 to form a skirt-like member having a central opening. Webbing 22 is preferably formed of a flexible material that is substantially impermeable to masticated food. The material may be inelastic or elastic. Examples of suitable materials for the webbing 22 include those listed above for use with the pouch. When the pouch is secured within a patient, the webbing forms a barrier against passage of food between the pouch and surrounding tissue, and directs food into the proximal opening of the pouch. The webbing 22 and spring members 18 are preferably configured to form a dynamic seal with the surrounding tissue, so as to maintain a substantially consistent barrier despite stomach movement and flexure of the pouch. For example, the webbing 22 may be made expandable by using an elastic material and/or by including pleats in the webbing that allow for expansion. Also, the spring members 18 are preferably independently moveable and thus contribute to the dynamic nature of the barrier. In one variation on the first embodiment, the ring 16 and/or spring members 18 may be eliminated and the material of the webbing 22 itself may provide the necessary spring properties. In such an example, both the pouch and webbing, or the webbing along, may be formed of a resilient silicone or other resilient material.
During use, pouch 10 is introduced into the stomach S via the esophagus E and is held in the desired attachment location in the gastro-esophageal junction region. The pouch is anchored in place such as by connecting sutures or other attachment means to plurality of the anchor loops 20/20 a or directly to the pouch and/or webbing to secure the pouch 10 in position. The outward radial forces of spring members 18 cause the spring members 18 to extend radially outwardly, carrying the webbing 22 into contact with the surrounding tissue, creating a barrier that minimizes passage of food around the pouch. If required by the anatomy of the patient's stomach, the spring members 18 will cause the webbing 22 to flare outwardly into contact with the surrounding tissue as shown in FIG. 3. Similarly, a narrower proximal stomach may restrict outward movement of the spring members 18 such that they angle the webbing in a slight inward direction.
If desired, the spring members 18 may be held in a laterally inward position as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B during positioning of the pouch within the stomach. For example, temporary sutures 24 may be threaded through loops 20 and cinched to draw spring members 18 into the position shown in FIG. 4A. As illustrated in FIG. 4B, when drawn inwardly the spring members 18 and webbing 22 may have a relatively flat profile. The pouch may be anchored into position with the spring members 18 and pouch in the inward position, such as by attaching sutures to the loops 20 as described above, or by attaching sutures to additional anchor loops 26 that are separate from the spring members 18. Once the pouch has been sutured into place, temporary sutures 24 are snipped so as to release spring members 18, allowing the spring members 18 to carry the webbing into contact with the surrounding tissue.
A second embodiment of a pouch 30 is shown in FIG. 5. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment primarily in that a plurality of blades 32 are mounted to resilient ring 34. Blades 32 may be formed of a variety of materials, including those listed above for forming the pouch. The blades are outwardly biased using wire reinforcements or other biasing structure. Anchors 36 are preferably positioned in spaced-apart locations between the blades 32. The pouch 30 is sutured in place by attaching sutures between anchors 36 and adjacent tissue. The blades 32 spring outwardly into contact with surrounding tissue, thereby creating a seal or barrier against passage of food that might otherwise pass between gaps forming between anchor points.
FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a pouch 40, which uses an expandable stent-like band 42 for creating a seal or barrier. Band 42 is outwardly biased and may be formed of self-expanding material, such as stainless steel or a shape memory material such as nitinol or shape-memory polymer, and may be formed as a soft mesh or other framework formed of such materials in combination. The mesh may be created to have sufficiently small spaces between strands to form an effective barrier against a substantial portion of the ingested food, or it may be provided with a polymeric barrier that prevents ingested food from passing through the walls of the band 42. For example, the polymeric barrier may be a skin. formed on the exterior or interior of the mesh, or the mesh may be encapsulated in polymeric material or the polymer may be disposed in the interstices of the mesh.
During use, the pouch 40 is secured in place by attaching sutures between anchors 44 and adjacent tissue of the gastro-esophageal junction region. Band 42 then expands into contact with the surround tissue to form the seal or barrier. The band 42 is preferably positioned beyond the lower esophageal sphincter (identified as LES in FIG. 6) to avoid interference with proper sphincter function.
A fourth embodiment of a pouch 50, shown in FIG. 7, is similar to the previously described embodiments except that a plurality of leaf springs 52 are attached at the proximal end of the pouch. Springs 52 are outwardly biased to create the seal or barrier with surrounding tissue. As with prior embodiments, the pouch may include a resilient ring 54, and the pouch may be attached to surrounding tissue using sutures passed through anchors 56. In an alternative configuration, springs 52 may be coil springs which may be connected to a common structure at their proximal ends, or which may have free proximal ends.
Referring to FIG. 8A, a fifth embodiment of a pouch 60 includes an enlarged rim 62 surrounding the proximal opening 64 of the pouch 60. Rim 62 may extend slightly outwardly from the external surface of the pouch as shown in FIG. 8A, or slightly inwardly as shown in FIG. 8B, or both as shown in FIG. 8C. In one form of the fifth embodiment, anchor loops 66 extend from a distal portion of the rim 62 as shown in FIG. 8A. Before the pouch 60 is fixed within the body, the rim 62 is inverted inside the pouch 60 to the position shown in FIG. 9A. Once the rim has been inverted, anchor loops 66 extend in a proximal direction as shown. The pouch 60 is inserted into the stomach and the anchor loops 66 are secured to tissue using sutures or other attachment means. Next, the rim 62 is returned to the non-inverted position shown in FIG. 9B, causing the anchor loops 66 to return to the distally-oriented position. The loops 66 pull the attached tissue in a distal direction, around the edges of the rim 62, creating a taut and leak-resistant seal around the rim.
In another form of the fifth embodiment, anchors 66 extend distally on an interior portion of the rim as shown in FIG. 8B. According to this form of the embodiment, before the pouch is fixed within the body, the rim 62 is everted outside the pouch 60 to the position shown in FIG. 10A—causing anchor loops 66 to extend in a proximal direction as shown. The pouch 60 is inserted into the stomach and the anchor loops 66 are secured to tissue using sutures or other attachment means. Next, the rim 62 is returned to the non-everted position shown in FIG. 10B, causing the anchor loops 66 to return to the distally-oriented position. The loops 66 pull the attached tissue in a distal direction, inside the edges of the rim 62, again creating a seal around the rim.
FIG. 11 shows a sixth embodiment of a pouch 70, which includes an expandable bellows structure 72, attached to a resilient ring 74. Bellows structure 72 includes a central channel 76 in alignment with the proximal opening (not shown) of the pouch 70, and is preferably formed of a flexible material that is substantially impervious to masticated food, and may be formed of materials similar to those listed for use in constructing the pouch. It may have a substantially cylindrical shape or a tapered geometry such as that shown in FIG. 11. At the proximal end of the bellows structure 72, surrounding the central channel 76, is a sealing ring 78 formed of a flexible material capable of forming a seal when urged into contact with body tissue.
Anchors 79 are attached to resilient ring 74 and are used to receive sutures, clips, etc that will connect the pouch to surrounding body tissue. Once the pouch has been fixed within the stomach, the bellows structure 72 expands the sealing ring 78 into contact with surrounding tissue, thereby creating a barrier or seal. As with prior embodiments, the resilience of the bellows allows the seal to be maintained despite movement of the stomach or expansion of the pouch.
Similar embodiments are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. In the seventh embodiment of FIG. 12, the proximal portion of the pouch 80 includes a conformable sealing ring 82 made of foam, sponge, silicone, or other conformable material that will seal against surrounding tissue when pressed into contact with the tissue. Ring 82 includes a central channel 84 and may include a cylindrical or tapered geometry. Anchors 86 receive sutures or clips used to fix the pouch to body tissue.
The eighth embodiment of FIG. 13 is a pouch 90 having a conformable sealing ring 92. Sealing ring 92 is formed of an elastic or inelastic bladder inflatable using an inflation fluid or gas. The bladder may be inflated prior to insertion into the stomach, or it may include a detachable inflation valve (not shown) that may be used to introduce inflation medium into the bladder after the pouch has been fixed within the stomach. As with the seventh embodiment, the sealing ring 92 may have a cylindrical or tapered geometry. Ingested food flows through a central channel 94 in the sealing ring 92 and into the pouch 90.
FIGS. 14 and 15 show ninth and tenth embodiments, respectively, of pouches having barrier devices for minimizing passage of food around, rather than through, the pouch. These embodiments are similar to the FIG. 6 embodiment in that they utilize a stent-like structure to expand against surrounding tissue to create the barrier or seal.
The barrier provided with the pouch 100 of FIG. 14 differs from that of FIG. 6 in that band 102 of stent material extends further into the esophagus, creating a seal with the tissue of the esophagus. This seal may be above, below, or within the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). As with each of the prior embodiments, anchors 104 receive sutures or clips that are used to fix the device to tissue in the region.
In the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 15, a flexible tubular member 114 extends between the band 112 of stent material and the pouch 110. During use, member 114 may be positioned within the LES region while still preserving function of the LES.
Various embodiments of satiation devices have been described herein. These embodiments are given by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be appreciated, moreover, that the various features of the embodiments that have been described may be combined in various ways to produce numerous additional embodiments. Also, while various materials, dimensions, shapes, implantation locations, etc. have been described for use with disclosed embodiments, others besides those disclosed may be utilized without exceeding the scope of the invention. Lastly, while the pouches have been described for use in controlling feelings of hunger, the barrier devices described herein may be equally suitable for use with other prosthetic devices positionable within the body, including prosthetic valves implanted in the lower esophagus or proximal stomach for controlling gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD).
wherein the biasing structure imparts pressure against the wall of the patient's stomach adjacent the gastro-esophageal junction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said attaching step includes attaching the device to the stomach by anchor loops.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the biasing structure in the device includes a plurality of spring members biased in a radially outward direction, and the method further includes, after said attaching, releasing the spring members to bias the webbing against the stomach wall.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the biasing structure is biased radially inwardly when the device is everted, and said attaching includes attaching the device to the stomach in its everted condition, the inverting the device to cause outward bias.


text:
UK Imposes Visas on Salvadorans After Asylum Applications Rise
A British passport and Euro banknotes are seen in this illustration photograph taken December 11, 2020. REUTERS/John Sibley/Illustration
SAN SALVADOR, May 11 (Reuters) – The United Kingdom said on Wednesday that it had imposed a visa requirement for Salvadorans seeking to enter the country after authorities reported a spike in asylum applications.
Britain's Home Office said in a memorandum that there had been a "sustained and significant" increase in Salvadorans presenting asylum applications on arrival over the past five years.
Over the past several decades, many Salvadorans have been driven to immigrate in search of opportunities or to flee from gang violence in their home country.
In 2021, the United Kingdom received 703 applications from Salvadorans, the highest for a country whose citizens could visit without a visa, it said, up from the fewer than 40 a year received before 2017.
"The changes announced today place El Salvador with many other countries that require visas and with which the UK has strong and friendly relations. The visas provide access to the UK, while helping to protect its borders," British Ambassador to El Salvador David Lelliott said in a statement.
The visa requirement will apply to all Salvadorans and will take effect immediately, the ministry said.
The Salvadoran government did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment.
Reporting by Nelson Renteria; Writing by Kylie Madry
Previous articleIntact, Pregnant Ichthyosaur Fossil Recovered From Chilean Patagonian Glacier
Next articleProsecutor Murder: $500,000 Reward Offered for Hitman Capture


text:
A ground view of youth voting
Today near the central lawn at the University of Virginia. Photo: Max Patten
Last week, we wrote about a reported surge in youth voting in U.S. battleground state primaries — at least in part due to the "Parkland effect," a result of the registration campaign by high school students seeking stricter gun laws.
Driving the news: How energized voters aged 18–29 are is a major preoccupation. If they turn out on Nov. 6 in larger numbers than usual, they could be decisive in close races.
For an early snapshot of the landscape, Max Patten, a freshman at the University of Virginia, did a survey for Axios on the campus' central lawn on Sept. 25, National Voter Registration Day.
The location is important: Virginia is a key battleground state, and Charlottesville — the scene of a deadly August 2017 march by white supremacists — is a major fault line in the divided nation.
It's also in a congressional district that could flip: President Trump won the district by 5 points in 2016, but Real Clear Politics rates it a toss-up.
Patten writes of his thinking prior to the survey: UVA "is known for a strong emphasis on tradition and conservative values. ... Will students here be likely voters in midterms, and will they even vote left?"
Riley Creamer, secretary of College Republicans in Virginia, told Patten in an email that "most newly registered voters will be Democrats."
By the numbers: What Patten actually found:
28 of 31 students surveyed were registered to vote.
21 — 75% of those registered — said they will probably vote Nov. 6.
In terms of leanings, 16 of 31 students — just over half — identified as Democrats, and all but one said they would probably vote. Just four said they were Republican. The eight who saw themselves as moderates or independents identified as the least likely to show up.
The bottom line: Patten said he expected to hear much of President Trump. But, he said, "[t]he students never (with the exception of 1) mentioned Trump by name but took views strongly contrary to him on the issues they mentioned."


In this 270 pages, 24,5x31cm, hardcover, luxuriously illustrated book we showcase Kuwait's major coral reefs and their wildlife, primarily through photos we have taken ourselves and with the help of volunteer efforts of friends and visiting acquaintances. This book is an interpretative guide, it uses photography to showcase what scientists know about coral reefs; what we have seen and where, and how these unique ecosystems are truly worth preserving.
I am especially proud of this book as I was involved in every stage of the project, from the concept and initial project design to expedition arrangement, underwater photography and then layout, color correction and supervising the production in the printing and binding stages.


Anya Rangaswami, a graphic designer who moved to Mumbai three years ago, kicked off the campaign on Facebook in May.
New to Mumbai, Anya Rangaswami was anguished after seeing Bandra's garbage-strewn Carter Road promenade. So, she started a Facebook page in May for a clean-up drive and gathered close to 40 like-minded people on June 4 — the first day of the campaign.
Since then, a diverse group of from all around the city and even Thane meet every weekend for two hours to clean Carter Road beach and promenade. The clean-up group, comprising 10 core members, sends one to two trucks of plastic to recycling units after each session.
The 28-year-old graphic designer from Pune moved to Bandra three years ago.
The youngest of the volunteers is 10-year-old Ayaan Thakkar, who arrives at the clean-up drive with his mother Neha Thakkar. "Ayaan's friends and my niece also come with us at times. The garbage we pick up is mostly plastic, clothes and fishing nets," said his mother.
"Community involvement is very important. This is not someone else's job. Since the promenade is under different governing bodies, it becomes difficult to get the work done," she added.
She approached the Bandra West Residents' Association (BWRA) and immediately got support from the association and the ward's assistant municipal commissioner, Sharad Ughade. "The BMC helped us with disposal of the garbage. They are currently taking it to recycling units," said Rangaswami.
Apart from support, the group also receives gloves, boots and garbage grabbers as donations from its volunteers.
On challenges, Rangaswami said the terrain and the amount of trash coming in from the sea daily makes it harder. "It might take a year of work, but we will continue," she said.


Down syndrome is a congenital disability with an overall incidence of one in every 700 births. The incidence of Down syndrome in children born to 25 year old mothers is approximately 1 in 1200; the risk increases to approximately 1 in 350 for 35 year olds and approximately 1 in 120 for women older than 40 years. The chromosomal abnormality involved in most cases of Down syndrome is trisomy 21. As a result, the affected person has 47 chromosomes in all body cells, instead of the normal 46.
Persons with Down syndrome are shorter than average, with truncated limbs. Some other common characteristics of Down syndrome include an epicanthic fold of skin extending from the eyelid over the inner canthus of the eye, strabismus (crossed eyes) and hypotonia (low muscle tone). Motor development is slow; and instead of walking by 12 to 14 months as most children do, children with Down syndrome usually learn to walk between 15 to 36 months. Language and cognitive development are also significantly delayed. The majority of children with Down syndrome function in the mild to moderate range of mental retardation. In addition to these delays, children with Down syndrome are also susceptible to certain medical problems, including: congenital heart defects; increased susceptibility to infection; respiratory problems; obstructed digestive tracts and childhood leukemia.
Yoga poses (asanas) help to stretch, tone and strengthen the entire body. Asanas also benefit the internal organs and help to balance and revitalize the endocrine glands. For this reason children with Down syndrome who practice Yoga stay slim and flexible, while those who do not practice Yoga tend to put on weight as they age. In conjunction with yogic breathing exercises, which have a beneficial effect on the central nervous system, asanas facilitate the development of body awareness, concentration and memory -- vital skills for any child with a developmental disability.
Having a child with Down syndrome may come as a surprise, but it's a good experience, families are reporting in a trio of new surveys.
Researchers surveyed more than 3,000 family members and people with the chromosomal disorder across the country for what's believed to be one of the largest looks at life with Down syndrome. The findings, which will be published in three articles in the October issue of the American Journal of Medical Genetics, offer a rosy picture.
The vast majority of parents said they have a more positive outlook on life because of their child with Down syndrome. And, nearly 90 percent of siblings indicated that they feel like they are better people because of their brother or sister with the developmental disability.
Nearly all of the survey respondents with Down syndrome said they were happy with their lives, themselves and their appearance. Only 4 percent said they felt sad about their life.
The term "early intervention" refers to an array of specialized programs and related resources that are made available by health care professionals to the child with Down syndrome. These health care professionals may include special educators, speech therapists, occupational therapists, and social workers. It is recommended that stimulation and encouragement be provided to children with Down syndrome.
The evaluation of early intervention programs for children with Down syndrome is difficult, due to the wide variety of experimental designs used in interventions, the limited existing measures available that chart the progress of disabled infants, and the tremendous variability in the developmental progress among children with Down syndrome, a consequence in part of the many complicating medical factors. While many studies have been conducted to assess the effects of early intervention, the information is limited and contradictory regarding the long-term success of early intervention for children with Down syndrome.
The decision of what type of school a child with Down syndrome should attend is an important one, made by the parents in consultation with health and education professionals. A parent must decide between enrolling the child in a school where most of the children do not have disabilities (inclusion) or sending the child to a school for children with special needs. Inclusion has become more common over the past decade.
Medical care for infants with Down syndrome should include the same well-baby care that other children receive during the first years of life, as well as attention to some problems that are more common in children with Down syndrome. If heart, digestive, orthopedic or other medical conditions were identified during the neonatal period, these problems should continue to be monitored.
Children with Down syndrome may be developmentally delayed. A child with Down syndrome is often slow to turn over, sit, stand, and respond. This may be related to the child's poor muscle tone. Development of speech and language abilities may take longer than expected and may not occur as fully as parents would like. However, children with Down syndrome do develop the communication skills they need.
Parents of other children with Down syndrome are often valuable sources of information and support. Parents should keep in mind that children with Down syndrome have a wide range of abilities and talents, and each child develops at his or her own particular pace. It may take children with Down syndrome longer than other children to reach develop mental milestones, but many of these milestones will eventually be met. Parents should make a concerted effort not to compare the developmental progress of a child with Down syndrome to the progress of other siblings or even to other children with Down syndrome.
Babies with Down syndrome often have hypotonia, or poor muscle tone. Because they have a reduced muscle tone and a protruding tongue, feeding babies with Down syndrome usually takes longer. Mothers breast-feeding infants with Down syndrome should seek advice from an expert on breast feeding to make sure the baby is getting sufficient nutrition.
Hypotonia may affect the muscles of the digestive system, in which case constipation may be a problem. Atlantoaxial instability, a malformation of the upper part of the spine located under the base of the skull, is present in some individuals with Down syndrome. This condition can cause spinal cord compression if it is not treated properly.
Prenatal screening for Down syndrome is available. There is a relatively simple, noninvasive screening test that examines a drop of the mother's blood to determine if there is an increased likelihood for Down syndrome.
Researchers have established that the likelihood that a reproductive cell will contain an extra copy of chromosome 21 increases dramatically as a woman ages. Therefore, an older mother is more likely than a younger mother to have a baby with Down syndrome. However, of the total population, older mothers have fewer babies; about 75% of babies with Down syndrome are born to younger women because more younger women than older women have babies. Only about nine percent of total pregnancies occur in women 35 years or older each year, but about 25% of babies with Down syndrome are born to women in this age group.
The incidence of Down syndrome rises with increasing maternal age. Many specialists recommend that women who become pregnant at age 35 or older undergo prenatal testing for Down syndrome. The likelihood that a woman under 30 who becomes pregnant will have a baby with Down syndrome is less than 1 in 1,000, but the chance of having a baby with Down syndrome increases to 1 in 400 for women who become pregnant at age 35. The likelihood of Down syndrome continues to increase as a woman ages, so that by age 42, the chance is 1 in 60 that a pregnant woman will have a baby with Down syndrome, and by age 49, the chance is 1 in 12. But using maternal age alone will not detect over 75% of pregnancies that will result in Down syndrome.
Most of the time, the occurrence of Down syndrome is due to a random event that occurred during formation of the reproductive cells, the ovum or sperm. As far as we know, Down syndrome is not attributable to any behavioral activity of the parents or environmental factors. The probability that another child with Down syndrome will be born in a subsequent pregnancy is about 1 percent, regardless of maternal age.
The incidence of Down syndrome rises with increasing maternal age.
For parents of a child with Down syndrome due to translocation trisomy 21, there may be an increased likelihood of Down syndrome in future pregnancies. This is because one of the two parents may be a balanced carrier of the translocation. The translocation occurs when a piece of chromosome 21 becomes attached to another chromosome, often number 14, during cell division. If the resulting sperm or ovum receives a chromosome 14 (or another chromosome), with a piece of chromosome 21 attached and retains the chromosome 21 that lost a section due to translocation, then the reproductive cells contain the normal or balanced amount of chromosome 21. While there will be no Down syndrome associated characteristics exhibited, the individual who develops from this fertilized egg will be a carrier of Down syndrome. Genetic counseling can be sought to find the origin of the translocation.
However, it is important to realize that not all parents of individuals with translocation trisomy 21 are themselves balanced carriers. In such situations, there is no increased risk for Down syndrome in future pregnancies.
Researchers have extensively studied the defects in chromosome 21 that cause Down syndrome. In 88% of cases, the extra copy of chromosome 21 is derived from the mother. In 8% of the cases, the father provided the extra copy of chromosome 21. In the remaining 2% of the cases, Down syndrome is due to mitotic errors, an error in cell division which occurs after fertilization when the sperm and ovum are joined.


Peter Whittingham was pleased to be back out on the pitch at Gillingham last night, but disappointed Rovers couldn't come away with all three points.
Although he admitted he was disappointed to only get a draw, Peter Whittingham insists a draw with Scunthorpe will be seen as a decent point - but only if Rovers win at Rotherham on New Year's Day.
Tony Mowbray insists he will pay Crewe Alexandra the respect they deserve when Rovers head to Cheshire looking to progress in the FA Cup.
Spending over 10 years at one place is a long time. So maybe it was expected that Peter Whittingham would take a little while to settle into life at Rovers.
Rovers midfielder Peter Whittingham marked his 500th career league appearance with a win as he played his part in an emphatic victory at Blackpool.
Tony Mowbray was pleased to see Peter Whittingham come through 90 minutes in Saturday's 1-0 win over Gillingham.
Rovers have made one change from the side that defeated Rotherham United on Tuesday night.
Peter Whittingham admits he is feeling the benefits of having been with the club since the start of pre-season.


text:
Q: How can I access get only the dates in a list? python I wrote this code:
lastDay = Borrowing.objects.values('end_date')
print("the list is: ",lastDay)

The output is
the list is:  <QuerySet [{'end_date': datetime.date(2022, 9, 30)}, {'end_date': datetime.date(2021, 7, 26)}, {'end_date': datetime.date(2021, 9, 26)}]>

i need only the dates, how can i get rid of {'end_date': datetime.date()}

A: You can format the dates properly, so:
lastDay = Borrowing.objects.values_list('end_date', flat=True)
data = [x.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for x in lastDay]


text:
Nearly two-thirds of junior doctors are 'looking to leave the NHS'
More than six in 10 junior doctors have 'actively researched' quitting their job in the NHS, a poll shows as the medics are set to vote on whether they should strike over pay.
The British Medical Association (BMA), which represents 45,000 junior doctors in England, quizzed nearly 4,000 on whether they have 'actively researched leaving the NHS' in the last year.
Results showed two-thirds had while eight in 10 said they 'often think about leaving' the health service.
It comes as junior medics, who earn up to £58,000 per year, are set to be balloted in a fortnight on whether they want to take industrial action over pay.
The British Medical Association, which represents 45,000 junior doctors in England, quizzed nearly 4,000 on whether they have 'actively researched leaving the NHS' in the last year. Results showed that two-thirds said they had, while eight in 10 said they 'often think about leaving' the health service
The British Medical Association is campaigning for a 26 per cent pay rise for junior doctors to compensate for what it says are 15 years of real term pay cuts. A doctor in their first year currently earns £29,384 so would earn about £7,800 more if union demands are met. Figures for more senior junior doctors would vary
Members of the RCN on the picket line outside St Thomas' Hospital on December 20
In a survey of its junior doctor members, the BMA asked the extent to which they agreed that they 'actively researched leaving the NHS in the last 12 months'.
Of the 3,819 who responded in November and December, 65 per cent said they agreed.
Additionally, 79 per cent said they 'often think about leaving the NHS'.
The BMA announced in October that it would ballot junior doctors – which include all doctors until they become consultants, GPs or specialists – from January 9.
The union said that the medics' take-home pay, in real terms, has been slashed by more than a quarter over the last 15 years.
Junior doctors saw their pay rise two per cent this year. But the BMA said the uplift amounts to a 10 per cent real terms pay cut when 'soaring inflation' is taken into account.
As a result, junior doctors have worked for more than one month this year 'for free', the BMA said.
They start on £29,400 in their first year of training, rising to £58,400 in their final year. Those in London also get an additional annual allowance of £4,000.
The BMA wants ministers to commit to a 26 per cent pay rise for junior doctors. This would, in theory, equate to around an extra £7,800 for doctors in their first year of training.
Dr Robert Laurenson, a co-chair of the BMA junior doctors committee, told i: 'When eight in 10 junior doctors say they often think about leaving the NHS, this should be a real wake-up call for Government to come to the table and address our concerns.'
He accused the Government of 'ignoring our calls to meet'. The Department for Health and Social Care has so far stuck to a four-year pay deal agreed in 2019, before the cost of living crisis.
The BMA has previous said it is 'deeply concerned' that the pay erosion will 'continue to drive doctors out of the profession, leading to a vicious cycle of dwindling staff numbers and worsening patient care'.
Junior doctors in England last went on strike for one day per month in the first four months of 2016 to protest against changes to their contracts proposed by then Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt.
On the four strike days, junior doctors refused to provide routine care, which led to 300,000 outpatient appointment cancellations.
On the final strike day junior doctors also refused to provide emergency care, the first time this had ever happened.
The dispute only formally ended in 2019 when junior doctors were offered an 8.2 per cent pay rise over four years.
Some 4,560 inpatient procedures were rescheduled because of the Royal College of Nursing action over two days in December. This includes routine procedures such as hip and knee replacements, which require an overnight stay in hospital. Another 25,000 outpatient appointments were postponed across England because of the walkouts. These can include appointments, X-rays and minor procedures. Most of the chaos was caused at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (2,413), followed by Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (2,313). Map shows total for both inpatient and outpatient appointments cancelled
The NHS posted 16 job vacancies at trusts in England and Wales in October that focused on diversity, equality, inclusion and wellbeing. The roles have a combined annual salary of more than £700,000. The same cash could pay for six GPs, 19 nurses or 20 paramedics. The graphic shows the annual salaries of a nurse, paramedic and GP in England and the diversity roles
The NHS spends around £150billion-a-year, of which just under 43 per cent is spent on staff wages. Graphic shows: A pie chart of Department of Health and Social Care revenue spending on the NHS (left) in 2019/20 and areas where expenditure is seen to have been wasted (right)
HM Treasury data shows the NHS received £100.4billion in 2010/11 and its budget had grown steadily until 2019. In 2020, the NHS was given £129.7billion of core funding for its usual services, which was topped up with an extra £18billion to help with the pressures from the pandemic. For 2021/22 the Treasury said the health service is set to receive £136.1billion pounds of core funding, as well as £3billion to help with the Covid recovery
It comes as strikes are also being considered by doctors in Scotland and Wales.
BMA Scotland announced earlier this month its junior doctors would be balloted in the first quarter of 2023 on a potential strike, after talks on pay with the Government collapsed.
And BMA Cymru announced that doctors in Wales were considering going on strike for the first time.
Almost two-thirds of the just under 1,000 hospital doctors surveyed by the union this month said they would be willing to take some form of industrial action, including strikes, over their current pay and conditions.
The BMA's Welsh Council chairwoman, Iona Collins, called the result of the survey 'upsetting to all' and said it is 'gut-wrenching for doctors to consider walking away from work'.
If junior doctors backed strike action, it would bring further misery to the health service after it was forced to cancel tens of thousands of appointments last month after the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) staged strikes on December 15 and 20 in a bid for better pay and conditions.
The RCN has already pledged to stage further walkouts on January 18 and 19 unless the Government agrees to discuss pay – something it has so far refused to do.
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has insisted that refusing to negotiate on public sector pay is the 'right thing' in the long term.
The planned nurses' strikes will take place at more NHS employers in England than happened this month, increasing from 44 to 55 trusts, the RCN said.
Meanwhile, ambulance workers joined picket lines on December 21 and will return to striking at five ambulance services in England on January 11 and 23.
In other health news…
Table for one? Ladies who lunch eat more calories than those dining solo, study finds
Stroke victims are up to 48 per cent more likely to make full recovery when diagnosed using AI technology, trials suggest
One in four elderly Brits fear they will have to resort to DIY dentistry as top dentist hits out at 'broken' system
We've been here before! What happened the last time junior doctors went on strike
Junior doctors in England went on strike for one day per month in the first four months of 2016 to protest against changes to their contracts proposed by then Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt.
In November 2015, almost all of the medics – 98 per cent – voted in favour of industrial action.
Junior doctors could once again ballot for strike action next year in echoes of the 2016 industrial dispute which saw them walk off the job multiple times in that year (pictured)
On the four strike days – January 12, February 10, March 9 and April 27 – junior doctors refused to provide routine care.
Hospitals cancelled 300,000 outpatient appointments in response.
They're now contemplating taking action once more after the Government refused to offer junior doctors a 26 per cent pay rise, which they argue is needed to compensate for years of below inflation salary increases.


Helps keep your Bulldogs healthy.
Powder Formula to help you hide it in food or special treat.
Helps maintain a Healthy Bulldog.
We recommend at 5-6 month of age when they are growing rapidly to use for 6-8weeks.
Safe for dogs, puppies, cats, and kittens.
This coconut based shampoo is a unique blend of almond oil, vitamins A, E, C, cherry and floral extracts and infused with coat conditioners and skin moisturizers.
We Love using this as a dry shampoo between baths.
All of our Bulldogs live in our home with our family and raised around our children, cat, and other dogs. Our puppies are raised with alot of LOVE and ATTENTION! We provide excellent quality, AKC Champion Bloodline English Bulldog puppies & stud services.
We accept cash or major credit cards via PayPal or Square.
We ship through out the USA via air or ground for an additional fee.


Recent studies confirm the importance of improving language skills for infants and toddlers by the simple act of reading to them.
See NRR's recent post about their report on improving language skills and literacy in children. While doing cuddle time, read to your child!
Some pediatricians have begun to include offering new books to their low-income families during pediatric office visits, supported by the program, Reach Out and Read and well as the program, Too Small to Fail.


My card for today showcases the Totally Tool stamp set. This set is great not only because tool images are great for masculine cards, but also it has so many fun tool-themed greetings!
The card base is Always Artichoke, and the Card Front is Sahara Sand. I stamped the Sahara sand with Artichoke ink and the Wonderfully Worn Background stamp. Then I stamped all the tool images. The ribbon is Artichoke Denim Ribbon. I stamped the greeting on Very Vanilla, matted it with Artichoke and attached it with Dimensionals. I stamped two of the tools in Artichoke on Sahara Sand, added a little color with a blender pen, cut them out, and adhered them to the center panel with glue dots. Easy masculine card!


text:
Do I need to book to travel on a day tour?
How do I book?
How can I pay for my day tour?
What happens if I need to cancel?
Where can I join your tours?
1. Do I need to book to travel on a day tour?
YES. Bookings are essential and our Travel Consultants will be happy to discuss the closest pickup point for you and a departure time will be confirmed at the time of booking. Traffic congestion may cause delays but for the convenience of other travellers please arrive for your tour no later than 15 minutes prior to the given time.
2. How do I book?
Bookings are as simple as telephoning the All Australian Journeys Office on 1300 631 383 Monday to Friday 9.00am - 3.00pm. Some tours are more popular than others and early bookings are encouraged to avoid disappointment.
3. How can I pay for my day tour?
PAYMENT is due within 14 days of booking and can be made in person at our office, by credit card, cheque, money order or by direct deposit. Tours booked less than 14 days prior to departure should be paid at time of booking (or as soon as possible thereafter). Tours booked through a travel agent are required to be paid in full to the agent. Payment for your tour indicates acceptance of these terms and conditions.
4. What happens if I need to cancel?
For the convenience of wait-listed passengers it is essential to notify us by phone on
1300 631 383 as soon as a necessity arises to cancel a booking. After Hours Mobile 0408 158 739. For further information on cancelling, please read our cancellation policy via the link at the bottom of the page.
5. Where can I join your tours?
You can join an All Australian Journeys tour from almost anywhere. Most tours depart from Brisbane or The Hunter Valley and Sydney as indicated on each individual itinerary, but transfers and pre or post tour accommodation can be arranged for travellers from Melbourne or many regional areas along the east coast of Australia. Please talk with our Travel Consultants about the most convenient option for you.
We have a range of pickup options available throughout Greater Brisbane, the Hunter and Sydney.
Tours All Tours Tours (All) Australian Holiday Tours Day Tours from Brisbane QLD Day Tours from the Hunter NSW Short Breaks from Brisbane QLD Short Breaks from the Hunter NSW
Date 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Jan 2022 Feb 2022 Mar 2022 Apr 2022 May 2022 Jun 2022 Jul 2022 Aug 2022 Sep 2022 Oct 2022 Nov 2022 Dec 2022 Jan 2023 Feb 2023 Mar 2023 Apr 2023 May 2023 Jun 2023 Jul 2023 Aug 2023 Sep 2023 Oct 2023 Nov 2023 Dec 2023 Jan 2024
Flexibility (+/-) Exact Match 7 Days 14 Days 21 Days
Passengers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9


text:
Tennessee State University (TSU) is a historically black, comprehensive, four-year co-educational university located on a 500 acre campus in Nashville, Tennessee. With over 10,000 students, including nearly 1,900 graduate students, it is one of the largest historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in the nation. It is the only state funded HBCU in Tennessee.
TSU's history began when the Tennessee State General Assembly passed an act creating the Agricultural and Industrial State Normal School in 1909. The school began serving a student body of 247 in June of 1912. In 1922 the school was raised to the status of a four-year teachers college and empowered to grant bachelor's degrees. The first bachelor's degrees were awarded in 1924, the same year that the school changed its name to the Agricultural and Industrial State Normal College. Three years later the word "Normal" was dropped from the name.
In 1941 the Tennessee General Assembly directed the Board of Education to upgrade the educational program of the college. This included the introduction of the school's first graduate program, in education. The first master's degrees were awarded in 1944. Accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools was received in 1946, and in 1951 the state Board of Education granted the school university status. In August 1958 Tennessee Agricultural and Industrial State University was elevated to full land grant university status. In 1979 the school merged with the University of Tennessee at Nashville, a formerly white institution.
Today, Tennessee State University consists of five colleges (Arts & Sciences, Business, Education, Engineering, Technology, and Computer Sciences, and Health Sciences), three schools (Agriculture & Consumer Science, Nursing, and Graduate Studies & Research), and the Institute of Government. TSU's Health Sciences program is the largest in the state and one of the largest in the nation.
Fall Semester 2008 enrollment at TSU was 8,254, which included 1,823
Source: Black Past
This Black Fact was brought to you by Association of Latino Professionals For America (ALPFA) Boston Professional Chapter
Education Facts
Arts Facts
Mississippi constitutional convention
Richard Allen (bishop)
Did You Know That In...
Southern, Eileen Jackson (1920-2002)
Nat Turner
List of topics related to the African diaspora
C. Delores Tucker: Social Activist and Politician
Black soldiers raided Brownsville, Texas
Paul Bustill Robeson
Recent Facts
Brandon McClain - 2019 Herman Zerger Veteran of the Year
Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. - Service to All Mankind Since 1908
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. Founded
Ivy Lawson Opens 1st Black-Owned Business in Boston's North End
Vashti DuBois
Daymond John
Phi Beta Sigma Founders day
Rawle Andrews Jr.
Rawle Andrews


text:
Aspilota subcompressa är en stekelart som först beskrevs av William Harris Ashmead 1889.  Aspilota subcompressa ingår i släktet Aspilota och familjen bracksteklar. Inga underarter finns listade.

Källor

Bracksteklar
subcompressa

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Integral of $\int_0^\infty \frac{(\ln{x})^2}{1+x^2}dx$ I am trying to teach myself the residue theorem, and one of the problems I am looking at is $$\int_0^\infty \frac{(\ln{x})^2}{1+x^2}dx$$
With a branch point at $0$, and a branch cut extending down the negative imaginary axis, this leads to a contour integral (containing a poles at $\pm i$), looking like an upside down U. In turn, this contour integral can be broken up into four smaller integrals. The bottom two integrals (running along the real axis) are used to "solve" the problem by setting them equal to the residue (times appropriate prefactor). However, the integrals on the inside and outside curved portions of the "U" can be eliminated, as they are equal to $0$.
I do not know how to calculate the integral of these two curves, and as such cannot see why they are $0$. The solutions I am looking at simply state "via the l'Hospital's rule" without any calculations shown. Disregarding the backstory, below is the integral I am trying to solve, which is the inside of the U shape.
$\lim \limits_{r \to 0}\int_\pi^0 \frac{(\ln{z})^2}{1+z^2} d\theta$, where $z$ is the complex number represented by $z = re^{i\theta}$

A: Let $f(z) = (\log z)^2/(1 + z^2)$ and $0 < \epsilon < 1 < R$. Suppose the upper and lower circular arcs of the contour have radii $R$ and $\epsilon$, respectively. Since $f(z)$ is analytic inside and on the contour, except at the simple pole at $z = i$, by the residue theorem, the integral of $f(z)$ along the entire contour is $$2\pi i\operatorname{Res}_{z = i} f(z) = 2\pi i\frac{(\log i)^2}{2i} = \pi\left(\frac{\pi}{2}i\right)^2 = -\frac{\pi^3}{4}.$$  On the upper arc, $\lvert (\log z)^2\rvert \le \ln^2 R + \pi^2$ and $\lvert 1 + z^2\rvert \ge R^2-1$. Since the length of the arc is $\pi R$, by the ML inequality the integral of $f(z)$ along this arc is bounded by
$$\left(\frac{\ln^2 R + \pi^2}{R^2 - 1}\right)\pi R,$$
which tends to $0$ are $R \to \infty$. Similarly, the integral of $f(z)$ along the lower arc is bounded by
$$\left(\frac{\ln^2 \epsilon + \pi^2}{1 - \epsilon^2}\right)\pi \epsilon,$$
which tends to $0$ as $\epsilon \to 0$. Therefore,
$$\lim_{\epsilon\to 0,\, R\to \infty} \left(\int_{-R}^{-\epsilon} f(z)\, dz + \int_\epsilon^R f(z)\, dz\right) = -\frac{\pi^3}{4}.\tag{*}$$
For all $z$ in the segment $[-R,-\epsilon]$, $\log z = \ln(-z) + \pi i$; using the parametrization $z = -x$, $\epsilon \le x \le R$, we find
$$\int_{-R}^{-\epsilon} f(z)\, dz = \int_{\epsilon}^R \frac{(\ln x + \pi i)^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx = \int_\epsilon^R \frac{(\ln x)^2-\pi^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx + 2\pi i \int_\epsilon^R \frac{\ln x\, dx}{1 + x^2}\, dx.$$ Thus
$$\int_{-R}^{-\epsilon} f(z) \, dz + \int_\epsilon^R f(z)\, dz = 2\int_\epsilon^R \frac{(\ln x)^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx - \int_\epsilon^R \frac{\pi^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx + 2\pi i\int_\epsilon^R \frac{\ln x}{1 + x^2}\, dx.$$
By statement (*) we must have
$$2\int_0^\infty \frac{(\ln x)^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx - \int_0^\infty \frac{\pi^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx = -\frac{\pi^3}{4},$$ and so
$$\int_0^\infty \frac{(\ln x)^2}{1 + x^2}\, dx = \frac{\pi^2}{2}\int_0^\infty \frac{dx}{1 + x^2} - \frac{\pi^3}{8} = \frac{\pi^3}{4} -\frac{\pi^3}{8} = \frac{\pi^3}{8}.$$

A: An alternative approach. Since
$$\int_{0}^{+\infty}\frac{\log^2 x}{1+x^2}\,dx = 2\int_{0}^{1}\frac{\log^2 x}{1+x^2}\,dx\tag{1}$$
by applying the substitution $x\to\frac{1}{x}$ on the interval $(1,+\infty)$, and
$$ \int_{0}^{1} x^k\log^2(x)\,dx = \frac{2}{(k+1)^3} \tag{2}$$
it follows that
$$\int_{0}^{+\infty}\frac{\log^2 x}{1+x^2}\,dx = 4\sum_{n\geq 0}^{+\infty}\frac{(-1)^n}{(2n+1)^3} = \color{red}{\frac{\pi^3}{8}}\tag{3} $$
where the last equality is a consequence of this identity involving Euler numbers.

A: Here is another complex analysis approach.  First, we note that

$$\int_0^\infty \frac{\log(x)}{1+x^2}\,dx=0 \tag 1$$

which can be shown by enforcing the substitution $x\to 1/x$.
Let $I$ be the integral of interest given by
$$I=\int_0^\infty \frac{\log^2(x)}{1+x^2}\,dx \tag 2$$
We now analyze the integral $J$ given by
$$J=\oint_C \frac{\log^3(z)}{1+z^2}\,dz$$
where $C$ is the classical keyhole contour with the keyhole is along the branch cut, chosen to be the non-negative real axis.  First, using the residue theorem, we can write
$$\begin{align}
J&=2\pi i \text{Res}\left(\frac{\log^3(z)}{1+z^2}, z=\pm i\right)\\\\
&=2\pi i \left(\frac{\log^3(e^{i\pi/2})}{2i}+\frac{\log^3(e^{i3\pi/2})}{-2i}\right) \\\\
&=i\frac{13\pi^4}{4} \tag 3
\end{align}$$
Note that the integrals over the circular contours centered at the origin and (i) with radius $R \to \infty$ and (ii) with radius $\epsilon \to 0$ around the branch point approach $0$.  Hence, we can write
$$\begin{align}
J&\to \int_0^\infty \frac{\log^3(x)}{1+x^2}\,dx-\int_0^\infty \frac{(\log(x)+i2\pi)^3}{1+x^2}\,dx\\\\
&=\color{blue}{-i6\pi \int_0^\infty \frac{\log^2(x)}{1+x^2}\,dx} +\color{red}{12\pi^2\int_0^\infty \frac{\log(x)}{1+x^2}\,dx}+\color{green}{i8\pi^3\int_0^\infty \frac{1}{1+x^2}\,dx}\\\\
&=\color{blue}{-i6\pi \,I}+\color{red}{i8\pi^3\,(0)}+\color{green}{i4\pi^4} \tag 4
\end{align}$$
where we used $(1)$ and $(2)$ to arrive at $(4)$.
Finally, setting $(3)$ and $(4)$ equal and solving for $I$ yields the coveted result
$$I=\frac{\pi^3}{8}$$

A: $\newcommand{\angles}[1]{\left\langle\,{#1}\,\right\rangle}
 \newcommand{\braces}[1]{\left\lbrace\,{#1}\,\right\rbrace}
 \newcommand{\bracks}[1]{\left\lbrack\,{#1}\,\right\rbrack}
 \newcommand{\dd}{\mathrm{d}}
 \newcommand{\ds}[1]{\displaystyle{#1}}
 \newcommand{\expo}[1]{\,\mathrm{e}^{#1}\,}
 \newcommand{\half}{{1 \over 2}}
 \newcommand{\ic}{\mathrm{i}}
 \newcommand{\iff}{\Longleftrightarrow}
 \newcommand{\imp}{\Longrightarrow}
 \newcommand{\Li}[1]{\,\mathrm{Li}_{#1}}
 \newcommand{\mc}[1]{\mathcal{#1}}
 \newcommand{\mrm}[1]{\mathrm{#1}}
 \newcommand{\ol}[1]{\overline{#1}}
 \newcommand{\pars}[1]{\left(\,{#1}\,\right)}
 \newcommand{\partiald}[3][]{\frac{\partial^{#1} #2}{\partial #3^{#1}}}
 \newcommand{\root}[2][]{\,\sqrt[#1]{\,{#2}\,}\,}
 \newcommand{\totald}[3][]{\frac{\mathrm{d}^{#1} #2}{\mathrm{d} #3^{#1}}}
 \newcommand{\ul}[1]{\underline{#1}}
 \newcommand{\verts}[1]{\left\vert\,{#1}\,\right\vert}$

Note that
  $\ds{\color{#f00}{\int_{0}^{\infty}{\ln^{2}\pars{x} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x} =
\lim_{\mu \to 0}\,\partiald[2]{}{\mu}\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{\mu} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x}$.

  The RHS integral is evaluated along a key-hole contour $\ds{\mc{KH}}$ with the $\ds{z^{\mu}}$-branch cut along the 'negative $\ds{x}$ axis'. Namely,
  $\ds{-\pi < \,\mrm{arg}\pars{z} < \pi}$.

\begin{align}
\int_{\mc{KH}}\,\,{z^{\mu} \over z^{2} + 1}\,\dd z & =
2\pi\ic\pars{{\expo{-\pi\mu\ic/2} \over -\ic - \ic} +
{\expo{\pi\mu\ic/2} \over \ic + \ic}} = 2\pi\ic\sin\pars{{\pi \over 2}\,\mu}
\label{1}\tag{1}
\\[5mm] \mbox{Moreover,} &\
\\
\int_{\mc{KH}}\,\,{z^{\mu} \over z^{2} + 1}\,\dd z & =
\int_{-\infty}^{0}{\pars{-x}^{\,\mu}\expo{\pi\mu\ic} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x +
\int_{0}^{-\infty}{\pars{-x}^{\,\mu}\expo{-\pi\mu\ic} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x
\\[5mm] & =
\expo{\pi\mu\ic}\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{\mu} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x -
\expo{-\pi\mu\ic}\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{\mu} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x
\\[5mm] & =
2\ic\sin\pars{\pi\mu}\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{\mu} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x
\label{2}\tag{2}
\end{align}

With \eqref{1} and \eqref{2},
$$
\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{\mu} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x =
{2\pi\ic\sin\pars{\pi\mu/2} \over 2\ic\sin\pars{\pi\mu}} =
{\pi \over 2}\,\sec\pars{{\pi \over 2}\,\mu}
$$
and
\begin{align}
&\color{#f00}{\int_{0}^{\infty}{\ln^{2}\pars{x} \over x^{2} + 1}\,\dd x} =
{\pi \over 2}\,\lim_{\mu \to 0}\,\partiald[2]{\sec\pars{\pi\mu/2}}{\mu}
\\[5mm] = &\
{\pi \over 2}\,\lim_{\mu \to 0}\bracks{%
{\pi^{2} \over 4}\,\sec^{3}\pars{{\pi \over 2}\,\mu} +
{\pi^{2} \over 4}\,\sec\pars{{\pi \over 2}\,\mu}
\tan^{2}\pars{{\pi \over 2}\,\mu}} =
\color{#f00}{\pi^{3} \over 8} \approx 3.8758
\end{align}


Hawaiian Heat Tillandsias, including red Tillandsia rothii and silvery T. xero- graphica, nest in bowls to brighten this sunny patio on Hawaii's Big Island. The lush edging behind them skillfully blends tropi- cals with various leaf shapes and colors, including apple green elephant's ear (Colocasia esculenta), coffee- and apricot-hued ti plants (Cordyline fruticosa), and a blue fan palm (Bismarkia nobilis). A feathery queen palm and an African tulip tree with orange blooms grow in back. Design: Davis Dalbok, Living Green.
California Gold » Orange Euphorbia tirucalli 'Sticks on Fire' echoes the hues of the vibrant patina of the reclaimed-steel art piece (by 5 Feet from the Moon) on the fence. Its companions include char- treuse Cotinus coggygria 'Golden Spirit', silver tree (Leucaden- dron argenteum), 'Big Red' kangaroo paw, and purple smoke tree (clustered, center); and silvery Albany woollybush (Adenan- thos × cunninghamii), Agave attenuata 'Nova', and Senecio mandraliscae (front). Design: DIG Gardens.
Desert Dream Crowned with ripening red fruits, a sculptural prickly pear cactus presides over this shapely planting in Ojai, California, along with columnar Cereus peruvianus and bristly Yucca whipplei. A tiny water feature adds a cooling touch. Design: Paul Hendershot.


text:
Watch: Leeds cat challenging for loudest purr in Guinness World Records
Pon's purrs measure in at over 70db - that's as loud as a vacuum cleaner
matt millingtonLeedsLive publisher
Leeds could be home to the loudest purring domestic cat in the world.
Black cat Pon lives with the most exhausted cat owners in the city, Tom and Emilie Rance. And that's because the pair haven't had a full night's sleep in months.
Why? Well, it's all to do with Pon's purr. The 11-year-old is one very happy cat, and makes the most unusually loud purr whenever his owners are around - day and night.
But it's not all bad. 24-year-old Emilie, who brought Pon over to Leeds when she emigrated from California, is hoping her feline favourite can make it into the Guinness book of World Records.
The current record stands at around 67db. But they are confident Pon can beat it and want to make it official.
The couple have made enquiries and are now hoping to organise for a qualified sound engineer to record Pon at his loudest. It's serious business with a full list of guidelines the owners must follow to make sure the attempt is recognised.
Visit our homepage for more of the biggest taking points across Leeds.
LeedsLive has launched a WhatsApp group to help you keep up to date with the latest news. If you'd like to receive one message daily with the main headlines, as well as breaking news alerts, text NEWS to 07786 313491. Then add the number to your phone contacts book as LeedsLive (case sensitive, no space). Your phone number won't be shared with other members of the group.
Leeds flood warnings list as River Aire bursts its banks and train passengers warned not to travel
WeatherMore rain is expected today
Schools in LeedsLeeds teacher banned after 'crossing boundaries' by expressing love for 'vulnerable' former pupil on InstagramHe is now not allowed to teach in England after admitting the offences, which included calling the pupil 'hun' on social media
Leeds United FCLeeds United news as pundit lauds transfer policy and Marcelo Bielsa training insight offeredThe latest Leeds United news and headlines, including Darren Bent's Whites praise, Marcelo Bielsa's change to training and Newcastle United's injury problems ahead of Tuesday's clash.
Leeds teacher banned after 'crossing boundaries' by expressing love for 'vulnerable' former pupil on Instagram
Schools in LeedsHe is now not allowed to teach in England after admitting the offences, which included calling the pupil 'hun' on social media
Man City controversy twists the knife on Leeds United's own punishment
Premier LeagueRodri generated all the headlines with his role in Manchester City's opening goal against Aston Villa amid offside allegations, but Leeds United and Patrick Bamford can still feel the most aggrieved


text:
Chatbots are most often used in the public sector to facilitate the search of institutions' websites and access to information, extend the availability of the counter to 24 hours seven days a week, serve to collect data on user satisfaction, provide important information about public transport, taxes, health, obtaining permits, submitting requests and complaints or scheduling an appointment.
The revenues of the global chatbot market will exceed 450 million dollars by 2027, which will represent a tenfold growth in a period of 10 years, and their importance is also indicated by the fact that since the outbreak of the corona virus pandemic, they have been the fastest growing channel of communication between companies and consumers. They are increasingly represented in the public sector, but in Serbia there are only a dozen chatbots created by state authorities. Locally, this technology is still in its infancy, with only two cities offering this service.
Chatbots, virtual assistants or "conversation agents", as being called globally, are most often used in the public sector to facilitate the search of institutions' websites and access to information, extend the availability of the counter to 24 hours seven days a week, serve to collect data on user satisfaction, provide important information about public transport, taxes, health, obtaining permits, submitting requests and complaints or scheduling an appointment.
- In Serbia, chatbots have so far only been information providers, but that is slowly changing. The most complete service is offered by the virtual MIA assistant in Šabac and Sombor. This chatbot was developed with the support of the German Development Cooperation implemented by GIZ and company SAGA, in partnership with NALED, and in addition to the possibility to receive information about the right to child allowance, the amount of tax debt, tax certificate, working hours of the city administration counter or other administrative services, since three months ago citizens of these two cities can report a utility problem via chatbot or order certificates from registers and citizenship and receive them at their home address - says Ana Ilić, Good Governance Director in NALED.
One of the highly functional chatbots is IVA, the virtual assistant of the Government's Coordination Commission for Inspection Supervision. IVA was developed in cooperation with the Ministry of State Administration and Local Government, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and NALED, and it allows citizens to more easily report a problem to any of the republic's inspections.
After the outbreak of the pandemic, the Government of Serbia developed the chatbot COVID Info Serbia in order to more effectively inform citizens about the virus and the contacts of relevant services, and very soon its functionality was extended to scheduling vaccinations.
Our country has also established its first chatbots for administrative services at the national level. The Office for IT and eGovernment has launched a chatbot on the eGovernment Portal, providing citizens the answers to questions about electronic identity and services such as electronic enrollment of children in kindergarten, scheduling an appointment to obtain personal documents, electronic registration of a child's birth and many others.
Also, the Republic Geodetic Institute has online chat support regarding the procedures for registering rights in the cadastre, and the Ministry of Education also has its own chatbot. Mina provides information on student and student loans and scholarships, services under the Ministry's jurisdiction (eg My High School, eDnevnik and others), as well as international cooperation.
Also, the Republic Geodetic Authority has online chat support regarding the procedures for registering rights in the cadastre, and the Ministry of Education also has its own chatbot. Mina provides information on student loans and scholarships, services under the Ministry's jurisdiction (e.g. My High School, eGrades and others), as well as international cooperation.
Also, in order to promote the development of innovations, the Government of Serbia has launched a chatbot, Milica, which can be accessed via Viber by typing "Serbia creates opportunities" in the search. As one of the largest state-owned companies, Telekom Serbia also developed its own chatbot service. It is possible to get account information from Mila, report a problem, get information about existing services or add new ones.
- Global research shows that chatbots can carry out the entire conversation with the user in 69% of cases. Also, the costs of providing the service to the user are reduced by 30%. They serve to provide quick responses and two-thirds of users are satisfied with that speed. Their importance will continue to grow and that is why it would be necessary to adopt a national strategy or other planning document on the more massive introduction of chatbot technology in public administration, especially local government, in order to further improve public administration services, and direct the officials who currently perform these tasks to other important and responsible jobs - concludes Ilić.
MIA knows: Starting September, excerpts from civil registries will also be available via Viber
In eight months, MIA has responded to a total of 12,280 inquiries, and on...Read more
New "employment" in Šabac and Sombor, MIA arrives
Starting today, virtual assistant MIA (Municipal Inteligent Assistant) will...Read more
Starting today, citizens of Šabac and Sombor can order certificates from registers via Viber
Starting today, citizens of Sombor and Šabac will be able to order...Read more


text:
Electric Bikes For Commuters
3 Comments	/ May 8, 2007 May 6, 2014 / By Justin Thomas
2011 Kona Electric Ute Cargo Bike
The New York Times recently featured an article about people using electric bikes for commuting to work. They recommend spending about $2000 for a good electric bike. You'll get a range of 20-50 miles with these bikes, and this can obviously be extended with pedal power. Some notable electric bikes shops are Electric Bikes Northwest and NYCEWheels. The bike pictured above is an Optibike — it's faster than most electric bikes with a top speed over 20 mph, and it has a impressive range of 50 miles — but the price range is also high-end ($5500-$8000). You can see videos of this bike in action here. Via Bike Hugger
3 thoughts on "Electric Bikes For Commuters"
Florence Taylor
Electric bikes are making my commute so much better. No more sweaty back going up hills! I got mine at Nyce Wheels
There are several well designed quality electric bikes now in production but the best brand of the bunch, in my opinion, are the eZee models. Value for price is excellent relative to the other bikes we have seen.
The quality is excellent, they are using the latest technology (e.g. Although "Lithium Ion" batteries are considered to the best power source by most, eZee (which had used Lithium Ion) has now gone to the new "Lithium Polymer" on most if not all of their bikes which delivers better performance, equal battery life, yet weighs approx. 35% less.
My wife and I have just purchased two of them; the "eZee Cadence" for myself and the "eZee Slope Step Thru" model for her. Both are of similar weight and performance. We have put many miles on them and couldn't be any more pleased with our investment.
The Ezee's offer the choice of three modes of operation 1. pedal only, 2. throttle controlled electric motor power assist while pedaling, 3. throttle controlled electric motor power only. The top speed is 20 MPH with a range of 20 to 30 miles dependent on rider weight and the terrain.
Many "hardcore" bicyclist like to knock the electric bikes and I understand their philosophy, but for the remaining 95% of us who are out to get exersize while enjoying the benefits of nature and the great outdoors, (while not concerning ourselves with elapsed times) these bikes are ideal. How many of you have ruled out a particular path or road because of an extra steep or long hill. With these bikes you can choose to pedal the hill using just enough power assist to allow you to make it to the top.
We got our bikes at "Electric Bikes LA" in El Segundo, CA. 310-640-2453
electricbikesla.com
For the cost of a $1600 Optibike battery (warranty 3yr, 36,000 miles) I can drive my 80mpg 50cc scooter 45,000 miles — at 40mph.
If optibike takes off, I'd bet that battery prices will come down; but $1600 for a battery seems like a lot to me.
Copy and paste this code: tukire *
A List Of Non-Toxic Paint Strippers
A List Of Non-Toxic Wood Finishes
A List Of Non-Toxic Adhesives For The Home & Renovation
Wellbond — A Non-Toxic Household Glue Made In Canada
The 1000 Tree Complex In Shanghai
zee raja on New Record: World's Largest Wind Turbine (7+ Megawatts)
Flat roof repairs on Costa Rica Is 99% Powered By Renewable Energy
emergency boiler repairs on Costa Rica Is 99% Powered By Renewable Energy
Birthday Wishes on New Record: World's Largest Wind Turbine (7+ Megawatts)
Copyright © 2021 MetaEfficient


text:
Q: Vertical alignment of tikz shapes I have four venn-diagrams on the same line but the captions are not aligned because of the setdifference symbol. Is there a way to manually override this and force the rectangles to align?
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[margin=1.1in]{geometry}
\def \setA{ (0,0) circle (1cm) node {$A$}}
\def \setB{ (1.5,0) circle (1cm) node {$B$}}
\def \myrectangle{ (-2, -1.5) rectangle (3.5, 1.5) }
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
%Union of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\fill[gray] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\fill[gray] (1.5,0) circle (1cm);
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \cup B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Intersection of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\begin{scope}
\clip \setA ;
\fill[gray] \setB ;
\end{scope}
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \cap B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Difference of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\fill[gray] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\begin{scope}
\clip \setA ;
\fill[white] \setB ;
\end{scope}
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \setminus B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Complement of A
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.7]
\fill[gray] (-1.5,-1.5) rectangle (1.5,1.5);
\fill[white] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\draw (-1.5,-1.5) rectangle (1.5,1.5) node[below left]{$U$};
\draw \setA;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A^C$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}

Notice on the output how the first, second, and last ones are aligned but not the third.

A: I would use
\tikzset{every picture/.append style={scale=0.7,baseline}}

inside the center environment to set the same options for all pictures. (Then scale=0.7 must be removed from the options of the each single picture.)

Code:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[margin=1.1in]{geometry}
\def \setA{ (0,0) circle (1cm) node {$A$}}
\def \setB{ (1.5,0) circle (1cm) node {$B$}}
\def \myrectangle{ (-2, -1.5) rectangle (3.5, 1.5) }
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\tikzset{every picture/.append style={scale=0.7,baseline}}
%Union of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\fill[gray] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\fill[gray] (1.5,0) circle (1cm);
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \cup B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Intersection of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\begin{scope}
\clip \setA ;
\fill[gray] \setB ;
\end{scope}
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \cap B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Difference of A and B
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw \myrectangle node[below left]{$U$};
\fill[gray] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\begin{scope}
\clip \setA ;
\fill[white] \setB ;
\end{scope}
\draw \setA;
\draw \setB;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A \setminus B$};
\end{tikzpicture} \
%Complement of A
\begin{tikzpicture}
\fill[gray] (-1.5,-1.5) rectangle (1.5,1.5);
\fill[white] (0,0) circle (1cm);
\draw (-1.5,-1.5) rectangle (1.5,1.5) node[below left]{$U$};
\draw \setA;
\node [below=.1cm] at (.1,-1.5) {$A^C$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}


Our Company offers a range of money changing services through a network of nine branches at Chennai, Coimbatore - R.S. Puram, Coimbatore - Thudiyalur, Erode, Karur, Madurai in india. We are authorized by the Reserve Bank of India to do so.
Copyright 2008 © Janaki Forex. All rights reserved.


【अत्यंत प्रचंड आकर्षण व् वशीकरण】[YES I CAN CHANG] फीस काम के बाद 100 % गारंटीड उपाय सभी जगहों से निराश एक बार फ़ोन करे+[91-9784309237]बस एक कॉल आपकी जिंदगी संवारे | Immediately Solution For Your All Problems. Indian Vadic Astrology, Astrologer Baba Ji in India. Bhima Shankar Tripathiji want to appreciate everyone that have contacted him, and those that send him gift, all those that have written their testimonies online, life is a journey and everyone deserves better life, for those that have not call for help, Do you want to make sure you have a second chance in your life with someone you loved so hard?
Cast these strongest black magic love spells that work to bring back a lost lover. It doesn't matter whether he or she is in another relationship or not I guarantee you to have your partner back to your life immediately. Just make sure before you contact me you are committed and you want what you are looking. Immediately working black magic love spells.
>:अब तक हज़ारों लोगों ने वशीकरण काला जादू,का लाभ उठाया है ((दुआ++kalma)) द्वारा आपके फोन पर विशवास करके देखो काम करके दिखाऊंगा गारंटीड.
>:Aapka Dukh Mera Dharam or Aapka Karam Aapke Saath Hain Main Har Samay Aapke Saath Hoon Aap Apni Koi Bhi Problem Mujhe Bataye Uska 100% Samadhan Mere Pass Kisi Bhi Parkaar Ka Vashikaran kisi bhi parkaar ki Samasya HO Best Hindu Vedic Astrology Se Har Problem Ka Solution Ho Sakta Hai Ek Call Karke Dekhe Bas Ek Call.
How to Spells For Magic ?
How To Get My Ex back ?
MeeRuT~""~hUsbANd wIFe divOrCe~"( (+91-9784309237) )"~LOve pRoBlEm sOlUtiOn bAbA JI MaThUrA Bihar Patna Ranchi Dhanbad Jamshedpur Hazaribag Cuttack Bhubaneswar Bhopal Indore Jabalpur Gwalior Jhansi Kolkata Mumbai Hyderabad Bangalore Batala Bathinda Pune Nagpur Nashik Panvel Satara Sangli Jalgaon Kolhapur Solapur Lonavala Thane Asansol Howrah Kurnool Adilabad Noida Kanpur Lucknow Ghaziabad Meerut Mathura Ayodhya Agra Ajmer Jaipur Kota Bharatpur Guwahati Jammu and Kashmir Kargil Kathua New Delhi Mangalore Mysore Madurai Chennai Chandigarh Amritsar Ludhiana Patiala Bathinda Raipur Raigarh Bilaspur Ambala Sonipat Panipat Faridabad Rohtak Rewari Bhiwani Karnal Kaithal Dibrugarh Tezpur Tinsukia Silchar Sibsagar Uae Uk Usa Canada California New York Austria AMerica Australia Singapore Switzerland South Africa New Zealand Italy Egypt England London Germany Greece India.


An igloo housing for comfortable safety. Given the impression where solid protection lies, and solvent ground suited for nurturing a family, animals will call it home. Snooza Igloo Dog Bed - PolyPlush Cow is a providence of that example. The circular body framework serves as a good insulator for warmth during cold seasons, while featuring a reversible mat and is also fully washable.