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Author: scienceandmore
Circadian clock, sleep and the regulation of the human body
Written by scienceandmore
Category: Human Biology
27.09.2016 / Scienceandmore / Category: Human Biology
The circadian rhythm, also called circadian clock or just inner clock, is the endogenous capability of an organism to retain a 24 h rhythm without being exposed to environmental stimuli that indicate the time of day. Animals, plants and even fungi generate a circadian rhythm and plays a major role in daily live.
For humans it is the mechanism to regulate sleep and wakefulness. Interestingly, during the first half year of life, as infants, humans do not have a working circadian rhythm, which explains why babies have an erratic sleeping pattern. They wake up in the middle of the night and are wide awake, much to the suffering of the parents. At around three to six months of age, the circadian clock starts to get established, and babies begin to sleep at night and are awake during the day.
How are sleep and wakefulness regulated?
There are two mechanisms or systems that take care of sleep and wakefulness. This first is the "sleep and wake homoeostasis", which is a balance-system of sleep and wakefulness. It measures the ratio of both, and in case of insufficient sleep over a longer period of time the need for sleep will accumulate, resulting in the enhanced feeling of sleepiness. The sleep-wake homoeostasis system is also responsible for continuous sleep throughout the night.
The second regulator of sleep and wakefulness is the circadian clock, and it regulates the timing of both states. In general, the circadian clock's strongest effect on sleep occurs between 2 and 4 o'clock at night, when people are in their deepest sleep. At this time, the body's production of the sleep hormone melatonin is at its highest level.
Upon awakening in the morning, melatonin levels are strongly reduced, and instead stress hormone levels, such as cortisol, rise. This is also the time when the circadian clock ensures that the body's digestive system is animated and that the brain starts to reach peak performance; ready for analysing, decision making, altogether ready for work.
In the afternoon, the circadian clock improves motor-control to ensure peak physically performance.
In the evening, the circadian clock prepares the organism for sleep by slowing down the metabolism, reducing stress-hormone levels and again increasing melatonin levels that reach peak levels between 2 and 4 o'clock at night; thereby closing the cycle.
Overall, the circadian clock gets the organism into a rhythm that attunes it for reoccurring events and regulates daily processes. But how is rhythm regulated?
Light and darkness are the key players here, especially the timing when they are perceived. Light, obviously, is sensed by specific photoreceptors of the eye's retina. Studies in rodents found that entrainment of the circadian rhythm depends on melanopsin that has peak sensitivity to light of around 480 nm wavelength, and opsin of the cones that has peak sensitivity to light of above 500 nm wavelength (middle wavelength-opsin in the outer retina). Therefore, melanopsin perceive the blue light proportion of daylight and conveys blue light signals. The participation of other retina photopigments in entrainment is, however, not excluded.
The subsequently created signal is transferred to an area in the brains that is part of the hypothalamus and is called Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN), or "master clock". During the day, melanopsin-mediated stimulation of the SCN prevents the production of the sleep hormone melatonin, resulting in wakefulness. Conversely, during the evening/night, when blue light mediated stimulation of the SCN is reduced, melanin is produced, resulting in sleepiness. The SCN is also responsible for the downregulation of the core body temperature at this time. Thus, the feeling of being cold is much stronger during the night.
The inhibiting effect of blue light on the melatonin production at night could results in low-quality sleep during the night. This is where people's most common hobby, work and general pursuit come into play: computers, tablets, phones and their screens. They emit blue light and we use them until late at night; we have a quick look at our phones before we go to sleep. By doing so, the circadian clock gets jumbled and, thereby, the whole day-night rhythm. This could results in difficulties to fall asleep, light sleep and a feeling of being unrested.
Helpful tips for better sleep
Interruptions of sleep at night should be avoided, and in case that this is not possible, for instance by a visit of the bathroom, light should not be switched on. Of course only in case it is ensured that movement in the house, flat, rooms, and so on, during darkness is safe!
It is important to realise that closed eyes do not prevent light from being perceived and the resulting signal from being transferred to the SCN. Sleeping when the sun is up will not allow for the most restful sleep. The bedroom should be dark, or, as an alternative, a dark sleeping mask cold be worn.
Screens, especially mobile phone and computer screens, emit a high proportion of blue light. Avoidance of looking at screens before bedtime would be very beneficial for sleep onset and sleep quality. Alternatively, the program f.lux® could be utilised. It tracks sunset and gradually changes the colours of the light emitted by the computer and mobile phone screen, removing the blue light proportion at night. Also, blue light blocking glasses could be worn in the evening and at night.
Panda, S. (2007) Multiple Photopigments Entrain the Mammalian Circadian Oscillator. Neuron 53, 619-621.
Partch, C.L., Green, C.B., and Takahashi, J.S. (2014) Molecular Architecture of the Mammalian Circadian Clock. Trends Cell Biol.24(2), 90-99.
Tosini, G., Ferguson, I., Tsubota, K. (2016) Effects of blue light on the circadian system and eye physiology. Molecular Vision 22, 61-72.
http://justgetflux.com
The molecular regulation of the Circadian Rhythm
Category: Plant Biology
12.09.2016 / Scienceandmore / Category: Plant Biology
The circadian rhythm was first mentioned by Franz Halberg in the 1950s. The term is based on the words circa, meaning "around" and diem or dies, meaning "day". It refers to the 24 hour rhythm of living beings, mainly animals and plants.
Its outstanding characteristic is that it retains a 24 h rhythm without any cues from the environment that indicate the daytime. This means the circadian rhythm is generated within the organism (generated endogenously). Generally speaking, if a person for instance is in a completely dark room for an extended period of time, he or she would still have a daily rhythm of 8 hours sleep and 16 hours waking state.
What is it good for to keep track of time you might ask. With the help of the circadian rhythm animals and plants can anticipate reoccurring events and adjust to them. As an example, plants anticipate dawn and activate their photosynthesis apparatus, so light gets used efficiently as soon as possible. But the time of dawn changes with the season of the year and the rhythm has to be adjusted. Here environmental cues called "Zeitgeber" (time giver) come into play. These are signals such as the change of light intensity or temperature and with them the circadian clock adjusts to the correct time.
Circadian Rhythm in Plants
As suspected the circadian rhythm plays a much more important role for plants than it does for animals, as they are sessile organisms and cannot escape stress. They just have to deal with it. And again, anticipating stress and preparing for it can make a big difference when it comes to survival.
On a molecular level, the plant circadian rhythm's center is the central oscillator that consists of a few genes that interact in a feedback loop with each other. A hypothesis has been established that depicts its regulation in a circuit called repressilator. This is a network where genes are expressed, (meaning a protein is synthesised with a gene as blueprint) during a certain time of the day and suppress (expression is prevented) the temporally preceding genes in the loop. Its important to understand that gene products, proteins, convey the actual function and that genes are just the blueprint for them.
For a better understanding of the central oscillator regulation, let's forget about time for a moment. In the figure below you can see three gene clusters that are connected (clear) and the same gene clusters shifted (faint). We will concentrate on the clear part first. Here, the genes CCA1 and LHY suppress the genes ELF3, ELF4 and LUX, indicated by the blunt arrow. As these three genes are prevented from being expressed (and therefore their acting proteins not being present), they on their part cannot suppress the genes TOC1 and PRR5/7/9. As a result these four genes get expressed and their proteins suppress CCA1 and LHY. This again leads to expression of ELF3/4 and LUX, due to cessation of suppression by CCA1 and LHY. So in fact, the whole cycle is based on suspension of suppression.
Sounds complicated, but is is not. This mechanism could be compared to a circulation of three buttons, whereof one is pressed in (suppressed) and two are out (expressed). Pushing button 1, after a while, leads to pushing in of the following button 2, and hence coming out of button 1. Now the circle continues as button 3 is pushed in after a while and button 2 comes out. The circle closes when button 1 is pushed again and button 3 comes out.
Lets bring in time at this point. Therefore you have to look at the faint parts of the figure that show you the time of day when the respective genes are expressed. In the morning, CCA1 and LHY are expressed for a few hours and as they suppress ELF3/4 and LUX, these three genes are thereby suppressed in the morning. This results in suspension of suppression of TOC1, PRR5/7/9 and these four genes are expressed during the day toward the evening/night. Their expression again leads to suppression of CCA1 and LHY during the day, which therefore results to a gradual suspension of ELF3/4– and LUX-suppression. The three genes are subsequently expressed at night, during which they suppress TOC1 and PRR5/7/9. The circle closes by suspension of CCA1 and LHY suppression towards dawn, when they are expressed again.
Scheme for the repressilator consisting of genes expressed at dawn (CCA1 and LHY), during the day (PRR9, PRR7, PRR5 and TOC1) and at night (ELF3, ELF4 and LUX). Lines represent repression of one gene cluster by the preceding gene cluster.
In this way the nine genes of the central oscillator regulate themselves and generate the circadian rhythm endogenously.
What do these genes of the central oscillator do but just regulate each other? During the time of their expression they are involved in the regulation of a lot of processes in the plant. In fact, the circadian rhythm partially regulates the already mentioned photosynthesis, as well as flowering and fruit production, and even the plant immune system. It was estimated that up to one-third of all genes of plants are partially controlled by the circadian rhythm, showing the importance of this mechanism!
L. Harmer, S. Panda and S. A. Kay (2001): Molecular Bases of Circadian Rhythms. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 17:215-53
Smith (2000): Phytochromes and light signal perception by plants- an emerging synthesis. Nature 407:585-91
Pokhilko, A. P. Fernández, K. D. Edwards, M. M. Southern, K. J. Halliday and A. J. Millar (2012): The clock gene circuit in Arabidopsis includes a repressilator with additional feedback loops. Mol Syst Biol. 8:574
Huang, P. Pérez-García, A. Pokhilko, A. J. Millar, I. Antoshechkin, J. L. Riechmann, P. Mas (2012): Mapping the Core of the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock Defines the Network Structure of the Oscillator. Science.336:75-79G.
McWatters and P. F. Devlin (2011): Timing in plants – A rhythmic arrangement. FEBS Letters. 58:1474-84


Behold! the dwelling place of God is with man! What good news for us as God's people. We have a past hope of God's dwelling with man before the fall, and a robust vision of God being a God who covenants to his people Israel faithfully, even in their unfaithfulness. We also experience Christ's presence in the Church now in and through Christ through the preaching of his Word and the receiving of His sacraments by the power of the Holy Spirit. And even more, we have a future hope, still! God's future dwelling place will still be with man. This image in Revelation 21 is something that no eye has seen, nor ear has heard. God wants us to imagine it. He wants us to spend time imagining a place where we will dwell with God in perfect peace where sin and suffering will be no more. Until then, God dwells with his imperfect people until He comes again to bring about this future hope. We wait.
I wanted to write an ecclesiological/liturgical poem that reflected the doubt and thirstiness we have before being summoned to worship. We're tired, incredulous and doubting. But, when we reflect on the impossibility of God being with us in worship, we realize it is indeed possible and we are satiatied and fed by the word and sacrament. We are left in the power of God with us in the Trinity. God with us (Father) God with us (Son) God with us (Spirit).
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Disease Burden of Communicable Diseases – Impact for Maricopa County and Arizona (2011); Arizona Health Information Privacy Project Leader (2007); Autonomic computing – IBM (2005-06); Knowledge Management Guide for US Army – ISEC (2004); FA/FI – Intel (2004)?
Arora, H., Raghu, T.S. and Vinze, A. "Decision Support for Containing Pandemic Propagation," ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems, Vol 2(4), December 2011.
Sen, S., Raghu, T. S., and Vinze, A., "Demand Heterogeneity in IT Infrastructure Services: Modeling and Evaluation of a Dynamic Approach to Defining Service Level Agreements," Information Systems Research, Volume 20 (2), June 2009, pp. 258-276.
Furukawa, M., Raghu, T. S., Spaulding, T., Vinze, A., "Adoption of Health Information Technology for Medication Safety in U.S. Hospitals," Health Affairs, May/June 2008; 27(3): 865-875.


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Posted on May 23rd, 2014 by visualisedit.
I'm sure all editors at some point have come across the same irritating sound when editing audio: the sound of wind! No matter how experienced you may be, or how much you try to avoid picking it up, sometimes it is just inevitable and leaves the editor with the seemingly impossible task of removing it (whilst at the same time keeping other crucial audio, such as dialogue or music, intact).
But fear not! There are simple ways to do so. Here are a few quick tips to help edit out the sound of wind whilst still keeping your desired audio.
Tip 1: If your audio has the low rumbling sound of wind in the background then use a "High Pass" audio filter (may be named slightly differently depending on the editing software) as with this you will be able to remove the wind but keep the other audio. Place this filter over your audio and have a play around with the frequency settings until you are happy with the results.
Tip 2: For Final Cut Pro users, removing the sound of wind may be easier with the use of Soundtrack Pro. If your audio has crackling or popping sounds that happen when the wind hits the recording device, rather than the rumbling sound of wind, then right click on the audio in the timeline and open it in Soundtrack Pro. Save the audio, highlight the problem area, analyse the area for clicks and pops and then press "Fix". When you press "Save" again this should automatically fix the audio in the timeline and remove the unwanted background noises.
Tip 3: Audacity is also another useful application for editing your audio. In the "Effects Menu" select "Noise Removal" and click the "Get Noise Profile". Then, open the "Edit Menu" and press "Select" > "All" and "Noise removal". Now move the "Less"/"More" tab up and down, listening for the perfect place in which the wind is inaudible but still leaves you with what you actually want to hear.
Hopefully, these quick tips can be of some use and can help clean up your audio; but there are many more ways to remove wind and other unwanted sounds from your audio and if you have some other tips then please share yours too!


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Home » Comprehensive approach includes educating docs
Comprehensive approach includes educating docs
Problematic HIV patients benefit from comprehensive team approach to care
Special Coverage of the 2000 IDSA Conference: Clinical care of HIV patients needs comprehensive approach
Decreases asthma-related admits, ED visits
Blue Cross of California State Sponsored Business takes a comprehensive approach to asthma management, partnering with the Fresno Valley Air Quality Board on ways to improve air quality in Fresno County, piloting a project to help physician practices improve their asthma treatment methods, and developing a three-tiered approach to managing members' asthma.
The health plan experienced a 60% decrease in asthma-related hospital admissions and a 46% decrease among members enrolled in its comprehensive asthma interventional program, according to an evaluation of claims for services performed between 2004 and 2006.
In an effort to reduce asthma attacks among its members, Blue Cross of California State Sponsored Business went beyond the standard asthma management programs and created a unique private-public partnership to deal with air quality issues that precipitate asthma attacks.
The health plan received the 2006 National Environmental Leadership Award in Asthma Management from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for its asthma intervention program.
The health plan compiled information on hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and physician's office visits related to asthma among its members residing in Fresno County. It shared the information with the local air quality board, Fresno Public Health Department, and researchers at California State University, Fresno, to see if there was a correlation between asthma attacks and air quality issues in the community, according to Dawn Wood, MD, vice president, medical director of the health plan, an operating subsidiary of WellPoint Inc. with headquarters in Thousand Oaks, CA.
The data showed that asthma attacks increased during the time that landfill fires were burning out of control in Fresno County.
"At the time we did the study, there were periodic fires in county landfills that burned out of control. Our data helped the county and other community partners take steps to get the fires under better control," Wood reports.
The health plan is continuing to work with the air quality board on ongoing air quality management, Wood adds.
"The landfill fires are not as much of an issue now, so the project is working to identify other air quality factors that contribute to asthma attacks," she says.
Practice improvement project
As part of its initiatives to find better ways to control asthma, the health plan is piloting a practice improvement project with five physician practices in San Francisco, says Margot Lisa Miglins, PhD, clinical research manager.
"We are helping physicians and their staff learn what they can do to educate the patient and family about environmental toxins, pollutants, and asthma triggers in the home, the school, and the work environment," she says.
The insurer provides the physician practices with asthma education materials to share with the members, along with pillow covers and mattress covers that the physicians can give to the patients whose asthma is triggered by allergies.
The health plan's health promotion consultant in San Francisco makes periodic visits to the physician offices, bringing them materials and working with them on practice modifications.
The project has resulted in four practice modifications that have made a big difference in improving services to asthma patients, Miglins says.
The clinics have begun to use registries for asthma patients. These are computerized databases that allow physicians to immediately identify who has asthma, how severe it is, and when the patient was last seen.
Instead of taking patient encounter notes on a blank piece of paper, the physicians in the pilot project have begun using guided, structured progress notes that prompt them with questions to ask and procedures to implement.
At least one person in each physician practice has taken a comprehensive training program and become certified to be an asthma educator. The asthma educators work with the members with asthma and those involved in their care, including schools and day care centers.
All of the practices have revitalized their procedures for involving families in the management of the member's asthma.
The health plan's asthma intervention program takes a three-pronged approach to asthma management, intensifying the interventions based on the severity of the member's asthma.
When members are identified as having made an asthma-related ED visit, they are enrolled in the asthma program and screened for case management.
"Some of our members go to the emergency room two or three times during the high season when their allergies are the worse. These members most likely end up being case-managed by a nurse who helps them learn to manage their environmental triggers," says Thi Montalvo, MHA, senior health services analyst.
Members who have been to the emergency department receive additional interventions, including more educational material and an easy-to-read handbook covering 200 conditions and how to manage them.
Members are encouraged to call the insurer's 24-hour nurse information line if they have questions about their condition and are unable to reach their physician.
"If members are repeatedly going to the emergency room and not to the primary care physician, this tells us the member has not established a medical home. These are the kinds of members that we know interventions will help," Montalvo says.
Using claims and pharmacy data, the health plan stratifies members with asthma by risk level. There are about 47,000 members with asthma.
All members who are identified with asthma are enrolled in the asthma disease management program and receive an educational package. The materials include an offer to send members an inhaler case, a pillowcase cover, or other asthma-related items if the members send in a form indicating that they have seen their doctor.
The plan's proactive case management and/or clinical operations specialists call patients who are at moderate risk if they have not been to the primary care physician for an office visit and encourage them to work with their doctors to develop an asthma action plan.
High-risk members go through an intensive screening process to see if they are appropriate for the asthma case management program.
"After our annual sweep of claims data, all moderate and high-risk members with asthma are mailed educational materials that focus on how to manage asthma, how to reduce exposure to environmental triggers, and the importance of going to the doctor and working with him to develop an asthma action plan," Montalvo says.
Low-risk members are eligible to receive the asthma education packet upon request. All identified members are put into the asthma registry, which tracks and trends each member's asthma condition over the years, she adds.
The case management nurse works with the physician and patient to manage the disease, prompts the patient to go for office visits, and works with him or her on taking controller medication regularly and relying less on the rescue medicines.
The plan provides physicians with triplicate copies of the asthma action plan — one for its medical files, one for the patients, and one to forward to the specialist if the patient is referred to an allergist or pulmonologist.
The health plan provides primary care physicians with a member-specific asthma fact sheet to insert into the medical record.
The fact sheet includes information on emergency department visits, inpatient hospital stays, specialist visits, primary care visits, the number of times the controller medicine and rescue medicine were refilled, and any comorbidities the patient may have.
The pharmacy information helps the physicians understand how much medication their patients are using and if they are following the prescribed medication regimen.
"We encourage the physicians to utilize the information. For instance, if they see that the patient has had no primary care visits, we hope that they will take the next step and try to get the patient to come in for a visit," she says.
Patient Education Management Archives
Patient Education Management 2006-09-01
Strategies for improving education competency among staff members
Help nurses find model for teaching
To reach children strive for interactive, fun
Video conferencing streamlines ASL service
Creative approaches help members control asthma
Disease managers visit asthma patients in the ICU

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Phenylpiracetam is a derivative of the drug piracetam and was developed in 1983 for Soviet Cosmonauts to treat the prolonged stresses of working in space.
It is not as well known as the other members of the racetam family, but has been gaining popularity recently as a nootropic.
It is believed to not only enhance cognitive functions, but also athletic performance.
Phenylpiracetam is derived from piracetam with an additional phenyl attached to it.
The additional phenyl not only increases its potency (30 to 60 times more potent than piracetam), but also makes it a stronger stimulant.
The effects of phenylpiracetam last approximately three to five hours.
Phenylpiracetam has cognitive benefits of improving memory and improving problem solving skills. It also has benefits of improved attention-switching abilities when the attention needs to be focused between two or more stimuli.
Studies after he returned confirmed that phenylpiracetam does help the body deal with stress and delay the symptoms of fatigue. These benefits have made phenylpiracetam popular with athletes.
Another reported benefit of phenylpriacetam's stress-reducing ability is its calming effect. It has been shown to suppress the fear and anxiety response in rats. Many users do report a calming effect.
The most common side effect of phenylpiracetam is headaches, which is common when taking any racetam. The headaches can easily be avoided by taking a choline supplement such as Alpha GPC or CDP choline. Other side effects may include a feeling of being overstimulated, jitteriness, nausea, or irritability.
A typical dose of phenylpiracetam is 100-200mg taken one to three times a day. It is recommended that you start with a lower dose and slowly increase the amount as desired.
A tolerance to phenyliracetam can be developed quickly, so it's recommended that dosing only be performed as needed before an event or to develop an on/off cycle to your dosing.
Phenylpiracetam works does well on its own to enhance focus, motivation, mood and to reduce stress.
However, it's not recommended taking it on a daily basis, but rather occasionally to provide an extra boost to performance or to minimalize anxiety or stress related to an exam, for example.
Whenever taking a racetam, it's recommended that you take a choline supplement as well. Choline will not only maximize the effects of the racetam, but it will also help decrease the chances of developing a headache, which is common with racetams.
Try a stack of 100mg phenylpiracetam and 300mg GPC Choline one to three times a day. For an additional boost, add 500mg sulbutiamine.
Phenylpiracetam stacks well with centophenoxine, piracetam, sulbutiamine and Alpha GPC or CDP choline.
Phenylpiracetam has been gaining in popularity recently. It is unique in the racetam family as it has benefits relating to athletic performance.
It is a great supplement to take while studying or to boost your training performance.


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September 5, 2019 - Steve Bullock & Tracee Ellis Ross
Season 24 E 150 • 09/05/2019
Raging fires threaten the Amazon, Montana Governor Steve Bullock talks about his 2020 White House bid, and Tracee Ellis Ross discusses "mixed-ish" and Pattern Beauty.
S24 • E174
September 25, 2019 - Nick Cannon
President Trump releases a summary of his call with Ukraine's president, Roy Wood Jr. covers a 2020 GOP primary debate, and Nick Cannon talks about his diverse career.
Extended - September 24, 2019 - Gavin Newsom
Nancy Pelosi launches an impeachment inquiry, Ronny Chieng refuses to get his hopes up about President Trump's downfall, and California Governor Gavin Newsom stops by.
Extended - September 19, 2019 - Edward Snowden
Canada's Justin Trudeau comes under fire for wearing blackface, Ronny Chieng rails against futuristic bar technology, and Edward Snowden discusses his book "Permanent Record."
Extended - September 18, 2019 - Jodi Kantor & Megan Twohey
An attack on Saudi Arabia's oil facilities leads to talk of war, Roy Wood Jr. weighs in on the blackest material on Earth, and Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey discuss "She Said."
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Elizabeth Warren and President Trump host very different rallies, and Bashir Salahuddin and Diallo Riddle discuss South Side.
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September 12, 2019 - September Democratic Debate Special
In this live episode, Trevor covers the third 2020 Democratic presidential debate, and New York Times opinion columnist Jamelle Bouie gives his take on the event.
Extended - September 11, 2019 - Greta Thunberg
Drug companies face consequences for their role in the opioid crisis, Lewis Black talks about how digital screen time is affecting kids, and activist Greta Thunberg stops by.
Extended - September 10, 2019 - Brad Smith
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The Daily Show celebrates correspondent Jaboukie Young-White's best work, including his trip to the Pittsburgh Equality March and his look at socialism's rising popularity.
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Donsplaining
The Daily Show puzzles over some of Donald Trump's most baffling attempts to explain how the world works, including his takes on 5G, windmills, trade deals and more.
August 14, 2019 - Bill de Blasio & Jada Pinkett Smith
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Democratic presidential candidates direct profanity-laced criticism at President Trump for his role in the rise of white supremacist gun violence in the U.S.
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A basic math problem stumps the internet, Uber and Lyft services double city traffic, and mounted cops in Texas draw outrage for leading a black man down the street on a rope.
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Mike Judge's Beavis & Butt-Head Is Back
Your favorite Texas slackers are ready for more mayhem when Mike Judge's Beavis & Butt-Head arrives on Wednesday, February 8, at 10:30/9:30c.
Brace Yourself for New South Park Adventures
Cartman, Stan, Kyle and Kenny are back for a new season of South Park, premiering Wednesday, February 8, 10/9c.
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La chiesa prepositurale di Sant'Agnese è la parrocchiale di Somma Lombardo, in provincia di Varese ed arcidiocesi di Milano; è a capo del decanato di Somma Lombardo.

Storia
Grazie alla Notitia Cleri del 1398 si conosce che all'epoca il prevosto di Somma era coadiuvato da un capitolo di sette canonici e che la pieve di Sant'Agnese aveva come filiali le cappelle San Michele e di Santa Maria a Golasecca, di Sant'Eusebio a Sesona, di San Martino Vescovo di Vergiate e di San Giorgio a Corgeno.

Nel Cinquecento, successivamente al concilio di Trento, le pievi foraniali vennero trasformate in vicariati e così accadde anche per quella di Somma.

La prima pietra della nuova parrocchiale venne posta nel 1645; l'edificio, voluto da Francesco e Guido Visconti e disegnato da Francesco Maria Richini, fu terminato nel 1664, mentre tra il 1697 e il 1723 si provvide a realizzare il campanile su progetto di Giovanni Battista Quadrio.

Dalla relazione della visita pastorale del 1750 dell'arcivescovo Giuseppe Pozzobonelli s'apprende che a servizio della cura d'anime v'erano, oltre al parroco, anche quindici canonici e che la chiesa di Sant'Agnese aveva alle proprie dipendenze gli oratori di San Carlo al Lazzaretto, di San Rocco, di San Bernardino, di San Vito e di Santa Maria Maddalena.

Tra il 1846 e il 1848 l'interno dell'edificio fu consolidato e nel 1892 la facciata venne ultimata dall'ingegner Rodolfo Lazzari; nel 1899 l'arcivescovo Andrea Carlo Ferrari, compiendo la sua visita, trovò che la parrocchiale aveva come filiali oratori di San Vito, di San Bernardino, di San Rocco, di San Carlo, di Sant'Andrea Apostolo, di San Luigi Gonzaga e dell'Annunciazione, che il previsto era affiancato da due coadiutori e da un cappellano presso la chiesetta delle Case Nuove e che i fedeli ammontavano a circa 6000.

Le due cappelle di San Giuseppe e del Crocifisso furono rinnovate nel 1910 e tra il 1938 e il 1942 si provvide a posare il nuovo pavimento e la bussola centrale.

Nel 1965 venne realizzato il nuovo altare postconciliare rivolto verso l'assemblea, poi consacrato nel 1973; nel 1972, con la riorganizzazione territoriale dell'arcidiocesi voluta dal cardinale Giovanni Colombo, il vicariato di Somma fu sostituito dall'omonimo decanato.

Il 12 novembre 2004 ricevette il titolo di basilica minore.

Descrizione

Esterno
La facciata a capanna della chiesa, rivolta a sudovest, è suddivisa da una cornice marcapiano in due registri, entrambi scanditi da paraste; quello inferiore presenta i tre portali d'ingresso, di cui il centrale timpanato e i laterali architravati, mentre quello superiore è caratterizzato da una finestra e da due nicchie e coronato dal frontone dentellato.

Annesso alla parrocchiale è il campanile in pietra a base quadrata, la cui cella presenta una monofora per lato ed è coperta dal tetto a quattro falde.

Interno
L'interno dell'edificio, la cui pianta è a croce latina, si compone di un'unica navata e del transetto. Le cappelle laterali si affacciano sulla navata, le cui pareti sono scandite da lesene sorreggenti la cornice sopra la quale s'imposta la volta; al termine dell'aula si sviluppa il presbiterio, rialzato di alcuni gradini e chiuso dall'abside semicircolare.

Qui sono conservate diverse opere di pregio, tra le quali la pala raffigurante i Santi Giovanni Battista e Antonio da Padova che implorano Maria, eseguita nel XVII secolo da Antonio Busca, gli affreschi ritraenti Maria assunta in cielo, la Presentazione di Gesù al Tempio, lAnnunciazione, lo Sposalizio della Vergine e la Visitazione di Elisabetta e la tela con soggetto la Natività, realizzata da Ercole Procaccini il Giovane.

Note

Voci correlate
Somma Lombardo
Parrocchie dell'arcidiocesi di Milano
Arcidiocesi di Milano
Regione ecclesiastica Lombardia
Pieve di Somma

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Chiese della provincia di Varese
Somma Lombardo
Agnese
Somma Lombardo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Choose a language JA EN
Satellite-Data
News 2019/7/24
Looking Back on the Space Business up to Heisei Period! 【Weekly Space Business News Roundup 1989/1/8 to 2019/4/30】
"Weekly Space Business News" updated every Monday presents you carefully selected worldwide space business news which came up within a week!
Name of the era is changing from Heisei to Reiwa at last (Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_era_name ). Since it is a nice opportunity, let's look back on events which occurred in the Heisei period, focusing in the field of "space".
Which event do you think was mostly impressive?
If I was to give a few examples, I would raise these topics below;
・First Japanese (Toyohiro Akiyama) went to space (1990).
・Cell phone with GPS function was released (2001).
・Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) was established (2003).
・Asteroid Explorer "Hayabusa" was launched in 2003 (returned in 2010).
・The International Space Station was established (2011).
Since "history of space exploration" is too broad to discuss, this time, we will focus on the angle of "space data business", and look back on events in the category of "Earth observation / weather", "communication / broadcasting", and "location Information".
(1) Transition of Satellite Data Usage: Earth Observation / Weather
First, let's start from the topic of Earth observation and weather data.
Starting from the Commercial Space Act of 1998 established in the United States, usage of satellite image in the private enterprises began, led by the launch of IKONOS-1, an optical image satellite with high resolution below 1m, attempted by GeoEye Inc. in 1999.
It can be said that space business utilizing Earth observation data started in the Heisei period.
In Europe, free satellite data platform "Copernicus Programme" was established. This provided a wide range of options to available free Earth observation satellite data, for the only data available was LandSat program operated by the United States until then.
It is fairly recent that Keyhole Earthview (an original service of Google Earth) was released, and that attempt of providing users satellite data and satellite data analysis platform together began.
Moreover, many startups have been founded in the Heisei period.
There are DigitalGlobe which owns many high-resolution optical satellites, Planet which operates more than 350 microsatellites, and Skybox Imaging (now sold to Planet) famous for being purchased by Google.
In Japan, there is Axelspace, founded by members who developed 10 cm cubed microsatellite called Cubesat (launched in 2003). In addition, there are more startups such as iQPS and Synspective.
Space development was hitherto country-led in most countries, but private companies became more active in the Heisei period.
(2) Transition of Satellite Data Usage: Communication / Broadcasting
Commercialization of communications satellites were relatively early compared to Earth observation satellites. For example, 1964 Tokyo Olympics was broadcasted in the United States via satellite.
As a startup in the category of communication service, there is SpaceX established in 2002, which is a leading company of space industry in the field of rockets. To add more, there are OneWeb, established in 2012, which gathered people's attention by receiving large-scale investment from Softbank, and Kepler Communications, established in 2015, which is attempting to collect data from IoT device using satellite.
With increasing launches of communications satellites, Reiwa period may become an age that people say "there is no need of mobile phone base station on the ground".
In Japan, the first domestic commercial communications satellite Superbird-C2 was launched in 2008. There is influence of section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 in the background that domestic communications satellite was not easily adopted.
(3) Transition of Satellite Data Usage: Location Information
GPS became globally operational in 1993. Preceding this, Pioneer released the world's first GPS car navigation in 1990.
It was in 2001 (Heisei period) that function that tells location information was added to cell phones. After smartphones getting released in 1996, applications such as maps and games that uses location information became widely adopted.
Michibiki, sometimes called "Japanese GPS", was first launched in 2010. Its service started officially in 2018, and its positioning service with centimeter level augmentation is expected to expand in the future. Automated driving of not only the agricultural machineries but also of private cars may become common in Reiwa period.
(4) Heisei Space Business Roundup
In this article, we have summed up the events occurred in Japan and overseas, from the angle of space data business.
For there are much more than what we have introduced this time, we will sum up the events in the chart below, including the field of rockets.
Heisei period was an age that many private-sector-led space business sprouted their seeds.
Reiwa period may be an age to evaluate on how those space business grow and get implemented in society.
It is regarded to be an age when satellites takes more than one image a day. People would be possible to go on a space tourism, and to add more, it would be possible for humans to land on the moon or Mars.
Now, costs of satellite data are becoming less expensive, and some satellite data is opened to the public for free. Updates are getting more frequent, and quality of resolution is improving. Business utilizing big data (including satellite data) is developing more and more, and it will surely make our daily lives more convenient.
(In fact, not only satellite data but also ground level data is becoming an open source in various countries.)
This may be a little off topic, but Japan's declining birthrate and serious aging will result in decline in working population, and companies may become short of hands. To make up for the labor shortage, digitalization in each industry is an urgent task. In terms of this issue, business utilizing various data may become prevalent in Japan, preceding other countries.
Business utilizing satellite data has no company in lead right now, nor its standard made.
This means that anyone can play the leading role, depending on your imagination.
It is an age when anyone can be a star; it is very interesting to see what will happen in the future.
Special Sorabatake
What you can do on Japan's First Satellite Data Platform "Tellus"
Satellite Data 2019/12/10
What is a satellites' final task? The achievements of a decommissioned Super Low Altitude Test Satellite (SLATS)
Where do retired artificial satellites go when they completed their duties in space? The operation of Super Low Altitude Test Satellite (SLATS) was finalized on October 1, 2019. In this article, we will explain SLATS last job and how to interpret its observation data.
SLATS
Special 2019/12/25
[Kaggle Competition Commentary Series] Identification of Sea Ice and Ships on Satellite Images
This article explains the analytical approaches that the top three winners took at the data science competition, Kaggle, to identify sea ice and ships from satellite images.
Vision Tech
Satellite Data 2019/8/19
[How to Use Tellus from Scratch] Clip area from satellite data specified in the GeoJSON format on Jupyter Notebook
Here, we will show you how to clip an area specified in GeoJSON format from satellite data obtained on Jupyter on Tellus. See "Tellusの開発環境でAPI引っ張ってみた (Use Tellus API from the development environment)" for how to use Jupyter Notebook on Tellus.
Privacy Policy | Access information
©SAKURA Internet Inc.


A complete ILM solution requires some type of virtualized storage.
to users and applications from the physical storage.
data without having to update every application or notify users.
the ability to classify storage resources based on QoS.
and where data is migrated.
significant short-term benefits and results.
That's the sixth, and most important piece of the puzzle.


This stunning mountain lodge home plan has 3,959 square feet of living space, 3 bedrooms, 4 full bathrooms and 1 half bath. The exterior is finished with a combination of wood and stone siding. Plenty of parking is available in a 3 car garage with barn-style doors. Enter through a covered front porch with rustic wood columns on stone bases.
From the foyer, we see an open living space with a vaulted ceiling and heavy wooden beams. Taking up the right wall is a massive stone fireplace surrounded by built-in bookshelves and cabinets. From your comfy couch, imagine a view of the mountains through the huge picture window.
The kitchen, dining, great room and main master bedroom provide access and views to the rear of the home.
Your family will love to gather at the kitchen island while dinner is being prepared on the luxurious commercial grade stove top. Overhead is a richly-stained coffered ceiling and recessed lighting.
There are three master suites to choose from, two on the main level and one on the upper level. However, mom and dad will choose the bedroom on the right wing of the house due to its fully-appointed ensuite which includes a whirlpool tub, separate shower, two vanities, window seat, private water closet and huge walk-in closet. Notice the beautiful finishes chosen by the homeowner: dark-stained wooden cabinets and window frames + stone tiling around the shower.
Located upstairs is a large bonus room with bathroom, and a loft overlooking the great room.
A combination mud room / laundry room offers a utility sink, abundant counter space and a bench seat.
The den can be used as an office or a 4th bedroom because it has a closet.
An additional storage room is located inside the living space as you enter from the garage.
The powder room is convenient to the living space, yet the doorway faces the exit hallway to make it discreet.
Attached to the garage, the trash and recycle bins have a designated storage area with exit door. Taking out the trash is easier than ever!
Click here to see the floor plans and more interior photographs for this home plan.


text:
LAMB conference on "The Role of Intermediaries in Corporate Governance: Empirical Evidence and Policy Challenges."
Author: Susan Good
Scholars gather at Notre Dame Law School for a LAMB conference on "The Role of Intermediaries in Corporate Governance: Empirical Evidence and Policy Challenges." The first session, chaired by Professor Julian Velasco, included an introduction by Professor Tor and a series of presentations that examined the current empirical evidence in the field. In the second session, the experts engaged in a roundtable discussion of the policy lessons and challenges involved in the corporate governance activities of institutional intermediaries, moderated by Professor Tor. To conclude the conference, faculty and students attended a lunch presentation by the keynote speaker, Professor Bernard Black, which included a response by LAMB Faculty Fellow, Professor Martijn Cremers.
Conference speakers included:
Bernard S. Black, Nicholas D. Chabraja Professor, Northwestern University School of Law and Kellogg School of Management
LAMB Faculty Fellow K.J. Martijn Cremers, Professor of Finance, University of Notre Dame Mendoza College of Business
Jill E. Fisch, Perry Golkin Professor of Law and Co-Director, Institute for Law and Economics, University of Pennsylvania Law School
Tamar Frankel, Professor of Law and Michaels Faculty Research Scholar, Boston University School of Law
Siona Listokin-Smith, Assistant Professor, George Mason University School of Public Policy, and Research Scholar, Yale Law School
Paul Rose, Associate Professor of Law, Ohio State University Moritz College of Law
Randall Thomas, John S. Beasley II Professor of Law and Business, Vanderbilt Law School, and Professor of Management, Vanderbilt University Owen School of Management
LAMB Director and Notre Dame Law School's own Professor Avishalom Tor
Video recordings of both conference sessions and the lunch keynote are now available online here:
Lunch Keynote


The Fantasy Quarterfinals are complete. Just 4 teams remain in the mix for the championship. No matter how good or bad you feel your team is, you've essentially got a 25% shot at the trophy. Because, as this week proved, anybody can beat anybody else. The Derrick Henry owner could have throttled the Antonio Brown owner, the Amari Cooper owner could have crushed the Todd Gurley owner. This is Fantasy Football, folks!
So, with just two more weeks of fantasy football, it's time to get serious. You all know the format by now, it's time to break down the Truths and the Bogus's heading into Fantasy Semi-Finals week.
BOGUS – I might be eating my words early, but unless I hear some news about Spencer Ware's shoulder, I'm not going after Damien Williams.
Sure, he was a solid fantasy option last week thanks to his 2 TDs. But he was not a good real-life NFL running back, and shouldn't be trusted moving forward. He ran for just 1.8 YPC on Sunday but added 4 catches for 16 yards. He managed 2 TDs on just 12 total touches, which is not sustainable for fantasy purposes.
Ware, on the other hand, did better than most expected when facing the top-tier Ravens defense. He put up 5 YPC and totaled 129 yards on his 20 touches. So he was far more efficient than Williams.
If Ware can't go, I'm not even convinced that Williams has RB2 appeal. He's a plodder who now has been outshone by Kenyan Drake and Spencer Ware in his career.
BOGUS – I really, really, really want to put "TRUTH" here, as I'm a Henry owner in my dynasty league. But I can't say that and put on a straight face.
There are many reasons why Derrick Henry had a monster day on Thursday Night Football, but his talent was not the only thing working for him. Don't get me wrong, I think Henry has an enticing level of potential, but his skills have thus far been buried wayyyyyy down behind Dion Lewis and the Titans' anemic rushing attack.
What DID happen on Thursday was a hopelessly lost franchise strolled into town with nothing to play for except pride and pride didn't seem like that much of a factor. The Jaguars went belly-up. There's no simpler way of putting it. Their once Hoover Dam-ian defensive line looked more like a cobweb against a waterfall. There was nothing holding back Henry. He did whatever he wanted on Thursday.
His 99-yard run was a thing of beauty. He earned that run, even if the defense gave him a huge amount of field to work with. He took what they gave him and then earned the rest of it. It was a beautiful sight.
The rest though? Total ineptitude on Jacksonville's part.
Henry will likely earn a larger chunk of this timeshare, but he's still a part of a timeshare. The Titans at least have a reason to play football over the next few weeks as they battle for a playoff spot. But a rushing attack doesn't get fixed overnight. Henry remains a potentially-elite stash in dynasty and a FLEX in redraft, but no more than that.
TRUTH – While week 14 was a big scale-tipper in this discussion, it can hardly be denied; George Kittle has arrived.
In a season where Rob Gronkowski, Evan Engram and Jimmy Graham have represented big-time disappointments, Kittle has emerged to prove that the TE position has some rising stars.
His incredible 210-yard performance has sent a clear signal to the NFL, and, I expect, the San Francisco 49ers: You can build an offense around George Kittle. Kittle has thrived without the presence of other stud receivers (as Engram did last year), nor did he do so in the hands of elite QB play (like Gronkowski and Graham have). Kittle has thrived catching passes from the likes of Beathard and Mullens.
Speaking of Mullens; the kid has game! Thanks to his incredible play over the past two games, Mullens is now averaging 295 Yards Per Game. That's good enough for a tie for 5th amongst QBs in 2018 and is better than Brees, Brady, and Rodgers.
I think this largely has to do with Kittle's dominance, as well as the eyebrow-raising performance of Dante Pettis. Mullens has some raw talent and could grow into an NFL starter, but he's gotten help.
Moving forward, Kittle is an every-week starter, to say the least, and in my mind, he's a top 3 TE for 2018 and into 2019.
BOGUS – For the second year in a row, I'm left cursing Drew Brees for costing me a fantasy championship. This year, he left me hanging a bit early. But fear not, Brees owners who are still alive in the playoffs, things are always darkest before the dawn.
Brees remains at the helm of one of the most feared offenses in the NFL. While some point to the Saints clinching a bye week as a reason for Brees to let off the brakes, but that's incorrect. The Saints still have plenty to play for, as they have very recent and painful experience with what it's like to play a road game in the playoffs. Sean Payton and company want to earn home-field advantage throughout the playoffs, and they need to beat out the Rams to get it done.
Tre'quan Smith should be playing at full-speed moving forward, and there's now talk that Ted Ginn could return. This would open things up for Brees and the Saints to start moving the ball further downfield.
Plus, the Saints get to face off against a divisional rival in week 15, then they follow that up with a potential shootout against the Steelers in fantasy championship week.
My bold take out of all of this? Brees throws for at least 300 yards and 3 TDs in BOTH of the next two games and redeem himself while hoisting his fantasy owners to glory…. But not me :(.
That's it for Truth or Bogus this week. Be sure to check back in for my FINAL article of 2018 next week when I break down the Fantasy Finals!


text:
International Ultramarine Corps
Traffic flow (computer networking)
Rapping
Nami Tamaki
Realize (song)
The International Ultramarine Corps, formerly the Ultramarine Corps, is a fictional team of superheroes published by DC Comics. They first appeared in DC One Million #2 (November 1998), and were created by Grant Morrison and Howard Porter.
The Corps was created by the U.S. as a government-sponsored group of superhumans to rival the more independent Justice League. Led by General Wade Eiling, the original members of the team were Flow, 4-D, Pulse 8 and Warmaker One. During a fight with the JLA, the UMC realised that Eiling was dangerously insane and that they were on the wrong side; they then sided with the League against their leader.
Having developed a mistrust of governments, the Corps subsequently declared themselves independent of any and all nations and built a free-floating city in which to dwell, which they named Superbia and set in the air above the ruins of Montevideo. They put out a call to other disaffected superheroes to join them in their city, and received a number of responses from around the globe, although the total population and demographics of Superbia are unknown.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/International_Ultramarine_Corps
In packet switching networks, traffic flow, packet flow or network flow is a sequence of packets from a source computer to a destination, which may be another host, a multicast group, or a broadcast domain. RFC 2722 defines traffic flow as "an artificial logical equivalent to a call or connection."RFC 3697 defines traffic flow as "a sequence of packets sent from a particular source to a particular unicast, anycast, or multicast destination that the source desires to label as a flow. A flow could consist of all packets in a specific transport connection or a media stream. However, a flow is not necessarily 1:1 mapped to a transport connection." Flow is also defined in RFC 3917 as "a set of IP packets passing an observation point in the network during a certain time interval."
Conceptual description
A flow can be uniquely identified by the following parameters within a certain time period:
Source and Destination IP address
Source and Destination Port
Layer 4 Protocol (TCP/UDP/ICMP)
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Traffic_flow_(computer_networking)
Rapping (or emceeing,MCing,spitting bars,or rhyming) is "spoken or chanted rhyming lyrics". The components of rapping include "content", "flow" (rhythm and rhyme), and "delivery". Rapping is distinct from spoken-word poetry in that it is performed in time to a beat. Rapping is often associated with and a primary ingredient of hip-hop music, but the origins of the phenomenon can be said to predate hip-hop culture by centuries. It can also be found in alternative rock such as that of Cake, gorrilaz and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Rapping is also used in Kwaito music, a genre that originated in Johannesburg, South Africa, and is composed of hip-hop elements.
Rapping can be delivered over a beat or without accompaniment. Stylistically, rap occupies a gray area between speech, prose, poetry, and singing. The word (meaning originally "to hit") as used to describe quick speech or repartee predates the musical form. The word had been used in British English since the 16th century. It was part of the African-American dialect of English in the 1960s meaning "to converse", and very soon after that in its present usage as a term denoting the musical style. Today, the terms "rap" and "rapping" are so closely associated with hip-hop music that many use the terms interchangeably.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Rapping
Nami Tamaki (玉置 成実, Tamaki Nami, born June 1, 1988) is a Japanese pop singer. She has various commercial tie-ins with the anime and games industry, and has also performed in stage musicals and a movie.
In 1999, Tamaki attended dance school and learned how to perform on stage. She auditioned for Sony Music Japan in 2001 when she was thirteen years old where she performed cover songs of the Destiny's Child hit "Survivor" and "Full Moon Prayer" by Core of Soul. She was selected out of 1,000 applicants and started her career in 2003 with her debut single "Believe" which was an opening song for Mobile Suit Gundam Seed. Her follow-up single, "Realize", was also used for anime. Her first concert performance was opening for T.M.Revolution at the Pacific Media Expo in 2004. She released her first studio album, Greeting, and was hailed as a J-pop princess.
She graduated from high school in March 2007. Her first greatest hits album was released on November 29, 2006 to mark the event, and she soon began an acting and stage performing career. Her first Japanese tour, "Nami Tamaki Best Concert 'My Graduation'" took place in March 2007.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Nami_Tamaki
"Realize" is a song by American singer-songwriter Colbie Caillat, taken from her debut album, Coco (2007). The song is the follow-up to her worldwide debut hit "Bubbly", and was officially released in January 2008 as the second single from the album, peaking at number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming her second Top 20 hit in the U.S.
The song is musically similar to "Bubbly", as it is an acoustic folk-pop song, where Caillat sings of having feelings for a best friend.
Caillat and her backup band performed "Realize" as the featured musical performance that closed the May 23, 2008 broadcast of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno.
The music video debuted near the end of January 2008. The video starts with Caillat in her forest cabin, as she proceeds to write a note. She leaves her house with her note, and begins driving through the forest, as her best friend is shown in his city apartment, also writing a note. He also leaves his apartment with the note, and begins to drive through the city, and into the forest.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -	https://wn.com/Realize_(song)
#420 M.E. School of Flow: Realizing Your Potential
source: Flowdreaming for Meditation and Manifesting
source: SHON COLEMAN
source: Memorial
source: How do we see people with intellectual disability.
source: Every Word
source: Little Box of Quotes
source: Willow Bend Sermon Audio
source: I GOTCHU
The Realized
source: SMLU of Canton Sermons
source: Merrymen: Notes from the Editor
Realization.
source: Conde
source: CHIKARITO
Realizations.
source: Stevens talks
source: RISK!
source: RCrawley Art and Thoughts
source: Ju Pod Re
source: Something from Sam
source: Thomas P's show
source: Pierian X
source: Qcreator


Free CPAP Advice and Sleep Apnea Treatment Help Board • View topic - Apnea changes with seasons?
I noticed that as the fall wore on and we're almost into winter that my AHI readings started to creep up. I had been getting an AHI of 1 or less most nights. Lately though the AHI has been hovering around 2.5 and as high as 4. Now, I still feel good so I'm not concerned, just curious.
Does anyone know if seasonal conditions can attribute to this? Cooler rooms. I run a pellet stove. It's very lean fuel but I'm sure there's residual stuff in the air from it. Maybe winter post nasal drip? Anyone else notice any changes over time?
I've tried tweaking my pressures a bit but it doesn't seem to make any difference.
What category of that AHI seems to be creeping up?
Are you maybe waking more during the night for some reason or other?
Are you using a heated hose?
How's the water consumption going in the humidifier? The only thing I might think of in terms of seasonal would be the pellet stove maybe drying out the humidity in the house a bit and that in turn maybe causing a bit of nasal congestion which in turn maybe the machine is sensing nasal stuff and giving it an apnea flag....it's all a big stretch though and not common.
My AHI doesn't really change from season to season but the humidity needs might impact the nasal mucosa which can cause congestion and the machine might make a mistake and flag something that was actually in the nose. Very similar to the false flags we get when we have a bad cold or flu or upper respiratory infection of some sort.
Another user once suggested that the reason for a creeping up AHI could be that as you are getting used to the CPAP and it starts working, you shift to sleeping on your back more than you were doing before. But when you are on your back you may need a higher pressure, but you may have not changed the settings on your machine to go higher. Hence the creeping up AHI.
Before CPAP I had pretty much completely stopped sleeping on my back. I'm only now starting to get comfortable with sometimes sleeping on my back again.
The changing seasons does mean a drastic change in humidity levels where I live, but I'm not sure how this would directly affect AHI. Maybe the discomfort caused by low humidity is contributing somehow to AHI, but I'm not sure how exactly.
Also possibly allergens in some seasons are causing some swelling in the nasal passages that could be contributing to a higher AHI, but I'm just speculating there.
Thanks for the response. I don't wake up at all during the nights. I have the respironics with the heated hose and the adaptive humidity setting on. I don't use much water in the tray over time but I have humidifiers on in the house with a gauge and the humidity is a constant 45-50 which as I understand it is optimal for humans. I am a bit more sniffly in the winter but no congestion at all. As I said, I'm fine with the numbers I'm getting; just curious as why they're different. I'll be interested in seeing if they change again in the spring.
Maybe try with adaptive humidity off and put it on manual with a little more humidity. It might work, but if it doesn't there is no harm done.
I know the Adaptive humidity should cope, but others have said when heating goes on it needs to be on manual.
I can't comment on that, it is just what others have said, my humidifier is always on Manual as I like the humidity.
Are seasonal allergies an issue?
Even if mild, they could be a factor.
It would seem that seasonal allergies might be the issue.
Years ago my doctor recommended flonase as I had a post nasal drip in the winter. Probably caused by being shut in in enclosed spaces during the winter with heating systems going, less humidity, more dust in the air, etc. At that time he recommended it because a post nasal drip in the back of the throat could damage vocal cords over time. The reason for the raspy voices in some older people. I took it for awhile but stopped.
So, Flonase is over the counter now instead of prescription. I've been taking it for about a week and my AHI numbers have dropped from the 3.5-4.5 range down to the 1.0-2.0 range. It looks like I'll take it through the winter.
For those thinking they might have the same issues. Flonase is a mild steroid, different from the steroids we usually think of. It's not a nasal spray that's habit forming and doesn't seem to have any other physiological issues. Some people do report dry nostrils and a few report headaches though. But it doesn't have that list of warning often associated with some other medications.
Maybe someone will relate to this are seek relief.
I have been using my machine gfor 9 years and have not noticed any changes by season. My AHI stays in the same range and my average pressure stays relatively stable. I have no allergies.


text:
ENGLISH EN FRANÇAIS FR
Protecting Rights
Managing Lands and Resources
Strengthening Self-Government
OKT in the News
A Roadmap to C-92, the Federal Child Welfare Law
Aboriginal Law
It Means 3 Layers of Laws Can Apply to Indigenous Child Welfare Matters
C-92 Works in Two Phases
PHASE 1: FEDERAL LAWS LAYER OVER PROVINCIAL/TERRITORIAL LAWS
Funding in Phase 1:
PHASE 2: INDIGENOUS LAWS
Relationships between laws in Phase 2:
Judith Rae
Judith Rae is an associate at OKT who brings a social work background to her legal practice. She is committed advancing Indigenous peoples' goals in governance, child welfare, education, and many other issues.
jrae@oktlaw.com
Last week, Parliament passed Bill C-92, An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families. What does it mean? Why are some First Nations concerned, and some supportive? And what opportunities could it bring?
For decades, provinces and territories have had child welfare legislation that has been applied to everyone, including Indigenous peoples. Now, with C-92, the federal government has created its own child welfare law that applies to Indigenous peoples across the country.
Meanwhile, First Nations and other Indigenous peoples have never given up their inherent jurisdiction in child welfare. C-92 recognizes that jurisdiction, and creates pathways that could facilitate the implementation of Indigenous child welfare laws – though not without some limitations (more on that below).
So conceptually, when it comes to child and family services for Indigenous families, the big change is that we are moving from a situation in which only provincial/territorial laws have typically been applied, to one in which 3 layers of laws need to be considered – and the relationships between them.
How do these 3 layers interact? To answer that, we have to look at how C-92 works, which happens in two phases. These phases depend on what First Nations and other Indigenous peoples do with C-92. So the timing will be specific to each Indigenous nation.
As soon as C-92 comes into force (the federal Cabinet will decide that date, not yet announced), it will have an impact by adding the federal laws it contains over top of provincial or territorial laws.
Sections 10-17 of C-92 has substantive content about child and family services (in addition, the "principles" in s. 9 may have some influence too). This content touches on things like: priorities when placing a child, emphasizing prevention when possible, what to consider when assessing the best interests of a child, and notice and participation in legal proceedings. I call these sections the "Federal Rules". (The feds like to call them "minimum standards", but I think that term can be misleading.)
These Federal Rules will apply in addition to the existing provincial or territorial laws. Most of the time, both laws will apply, and the Federal Rules will just act as a supplement. For instance, they might frame a slightly different direction or add some new requirements. There are only a few Federal Rules, and the provincial/territorial laws remain much more comprehensive.
But if there is a "conflict or inconsistency" between the Federal Rules and the provincial/territorial ones, the Federal Rules will prevail (see s. 4).
Nothing in the Act addresses federal funding for Indigenous child and family services during this initial phase. The various orders made by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal on that matter (such as these, for example) remain in place for now. But it is not clear how long-term funding reform will be addressed. Many First Nations and agencies were disappointed that C-92 did not provide a consistent statutory funding guarantee for these essential services, after so many years of under funding and litigation.
Crucially, C-92 also has a pathway that First Nations and other Indigenous peoples can use to exercise their own jurisdiction in child and family services. This phase is optional. It will be up to Indigenous governments to decide whether to use it, when, and what their laws will say.
C-92 says that the inherent rights of First Nations, Inuit and Métis affirmed in s. 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 includes "jurisdiction in relation to child and family services, including legislative authority in relation to those services and authority to administer and enforce laws made under that legislative authority" (s. 18).
To use C-92, an Indigenous government gives notice to the provincial and federal governments that it intends to exercise its jurisdiction, and makes "reasonable efforts" to reach a Coordination Agreement with them. Once the Coordination Agreement is made, or after one year, then its law will have the same force as a federal law (see s. 20(3) and s. 21). This is a potentially powerful tool.
It could be possible for an Indigenous government to pass targeted laws that do not require changes in funding, and therefore do not depend on the successful conclusion of a Coordination Agreement. It would depend on the content of the law.
An Indigenous government that needs funding changes for its law will likely need to reach a Coordination Agreement. Section 20(2)(c) was helpfully amended during the Parliamentary process to say that fiscal arrangements under Coordination Agreements must be "sustainable, needs-based and consistent with the principle of substantive equality". This draws in the standard set out by the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in the Caring Society case.
Some Indigenous governments remain concerned that it will remain up to federal and provincial governments to actually conclude Coordination Agreements with them. Potentially, this could hold things up. It remains to be seen how easy or hard those negotiations will be, or how long they will take. No resources for negotiations, or to support Indigenous law-making, have yet been announced.
All 3 layers – Indigenous, provincial/territorial, and federal – could apply together. If there's no "conflict or inconsistency", all three will apply.
If there is a "conflict or inconsistency", C-92 sets out rules about which law prevails (s. 22):
It says that Indigenous laws prevail over provincial/territorial laws.
It says that Indigenous laws prevail over federal laws, other than sections 10-15 of C-92 itself, and the Canadian Human Rights Act. And it says the Charter applies (s. 19). Since there aren't any federal laws on child welfare other than in C-92, this really means the Federal Rules prevail.
Section 23 is especially troubling, as it says an Indigenous law will not apply if not in the child's best interests, opening up a vague uncertainty about what laws may apply according to the preferences of social workers and judges. The same caveat is not applied to provincial laws.
The ability to overtake provincial and territorial law has many Indigenous governments eager to use C-92. And yet, the imposition of the Federal Rules about child and family services over and above Indigenous laws is a cause for concern. The federal government had no experience making child welfare laws before C-92. Many First Nations objected to the content, which is often confusing, vague and occasionally even worse for First Nations than some provincial laws.
There are also strong objections on principle: the federal government is both recognizing Indigenous jurisdiction and restricting it in the same breath. And while the federal government claimed to have "co-developed" the law, the reality was just a consultation process and the consent of Indigenous governments was not sought or obtained.
C-92 is complex legislation, but it remains to be seen how it will be used and what effects it will have in addressing the crisis in First Nations child and family services.
If your Indigenous government or organization is looking for more information on C-92, you can contact OKT's Judith Rae (jrae@oktlaw.com, 416-981-9407).
To download a copy of this article please click here
Blog published June 2019, © OKT LLP
Questions on Implementing C-92?
This blog was updated in January 2020. The OKT slides linked below have been replaced with an updated version
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Continuing requests from the public for old maps has lead to the city launching a new air photo history webmap.
Remember what Campbell River looked like from the air in 1950?
No? Well, thanks to the city's geographic information services department, now you can find out.
The City of Campbell River recently launched a new air photo history webmap, capturing images of the community's development for more than 65 years.
This interactive webmap includes photos starting from 1950 with additional images before 1980, and more from 1994, 2002, 2005, 2007, 2012 and 2014, according to the release about the project.
Kalyn says that while most of the images on the maps are relatively recent, the city expects the maps to be fleshed out over time as more contributions to the collection are acquired.
The interactive nature of the aerial maps allows the user to choose an aerial photograph from a particular year, and then add or subtract labels such as place names, landmarks like schools or recreation facilities, street names and other information.
You could see what the area around Strathcona Gardens looked like from the air in 1950, for example (hint: it's pretty much just trees).
"It's pretty cool to see the way that Campbell River has developed over time, especially when you're looking at it from overhead in photographs," Kalyn says.
The new aerial photograph webmap adds another dimension to the maps that are already available on the city's website, including maps of zoning and utilities information, parks and recreation areas, firearms boundaries and an in-depth webmap of the community's Sustainable Official Community Plan (SOCP).
Another new dimension to the city's map resources the public can take advantage of is their new "Park Finder" tool, which allows users to enter an address, activity they'd like to participate in or just "Locate" the closest park to them with one click. The tool is available on your computer's desktop or from your mobile device and will help you find the best outdoor space for your needs, whatever and whenever they are.
These maps and tools are all available at campbellriver.ca/city-services/maps, along with links to YouTube video tutorials on how to make use of them.
For inquires and webmap support, call 250-286-5700 and ask for the geographic information services staff.
So you think you know Campbell River?


Pestiviruses such as classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are some of the most economically important livestock diseases in the world. The antigenic similarities between members of the pestivirus genus allow for both BVDV and CSFV to infect swine. Infections with heterologous pestiviruses in swine can interfere with diagnostic tests for CSFV. The identification of cross-reactive and cross-neutralizing epitopes between CSFV and BVDV for the development of improved diagnostics and vaccines that allow for the differentiation of infected animals from vaccinated animals (DIVAs) are necessary to accurately detect and control CSFV. The overall goal of this research was to identify epitope regions recognized by antibodies that can differentiate between CSFV and BVDV. The approach was to use serum neutralization assays to confirm the presence of neutralizing antibodies to BVDV in swine serum collected from animals immunized with one of three separate Alphavirus vaccine constructs: BVDV-1b, CSFV E2, and CSFV E[superscript]rns. Results showed that animals immunized with the Alphavirus BVDV-1b construct had high neutralizing titers against BVDV-1a and animals immunized with Alphavirus CSFV E2 and E[superscript]rns constructs had low, but detectable, neutralizing activity. Polypeptide fragments of CSFV and BVDV E2 were then expressed in E. coli and purified using affinity chromatography. Serum from a pig immunized with the CSFV E2 Alphavirus construct was tested against two fragments of CSFV E2, 2/4 and 4/4, and four fragments BVDV E2, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, and 4/4, using western blot analysis. Reactivity to fragments CSFV E2 2/4 and 4/4 and BVDV E2 1/4 and 4/4 was observed. The results of this study identified CSFV amino acid positions 774 through 857 and BVDV amino acid positions 783 through 872 as the regions that contain the epitopes recognized by cross-reactive antibodies between BVDV and CSFV E2. These results provide more specific sequence regions to improve CSFV diagnostic assays and DIVA vaccines.


An indispensable t-shirt in our classic silhouette —with a very friendly price.
Machine wash cold, inside out with like colors , only non-chlorine bleach when needed. Tumble dry medium. Medium/hot iron, do not iron decoration.


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Standard – Understand processes such as change, design, development, and learning.
EDTEC 670: Exploratory Learning Through Simulation and Games taught by Dr. Bernie Dodge, gave me the opportunity to apply the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) process to game design. The artifact to demonstrate the process standard is the my i-Migrate simulation. i-Migrate, built in the Star Logo TNG platform, allows middle school students to explore multiple variables that impact human migration and see first hand how small changes in living conditions can bring about large changes in migration. As the Director of Immigration for the country of Zeenofobeah it is your goal to craft an immigration policy that meets the quotas set by your government when faced with a variety of challenges.
The outcomes for the i-migrate simulation centered on four essential questions:
What makes some activities interesting or fun?
How can we maximize enjoyment without sacrificing instructional quality?
How do we represent reality in a simulation?
How do we balance simplicity, efficiency, and playability against realism, richness and complexity?
Demonstrating The Processes Standard
The process Dr. Dodge promoted using during the creation of our e-game was as follows:
Content Analysis Brainstorming
Additional Incubation
In the creation of i-migrate the above process and the ADDIE process played out as follows:
It started with a student's question, "What causes entire groups of people to move?" We were in the midst of exploring the immigrant experience in America when Maya gave me the spark. I had been thinking about doing something related to immigration for my e-game, but had been looking at the issue from a first person perspective rather than patterns of immigration. Creating a simulation that allowed students to manipulate push and pull factors of immigration made some sense, in addition to the fact that there was not a current product that addressed the content currently on the market.
After exploring the Star Logo TNG platform it seemed that the content and the platform would be a match. After defining the initial variables of economic, political, social, and environmental push and pull factors and focusing them a bit via a chat with Dr. Dodge, it was time to dig into Star Logo.
The first version of i-Migrate was very simple. The challenge at this point was creating procedures that actually ran. I looked closely at the Osmosis simulation that came with Star Logo TNG and based some of the design for i-Migrate from it. Version 1 featured the Zeenofobeans and Outsiders roaming freely on both sides of the boarder with the Outsiders that collided with the Zeenofobeans were "deported" back to a random spot on their side. Outsiders that made it to the Department of Immigration were changed to the color red so they could be counted as Zeenofobeans. At this point the only variable that could be controlled was pull factor of Racial Tolerance. The data that was being reported was limited to the number of Zeenofobeans and Outsiders.
Version 2 –
Based on user testing from two grade eight students the following changes were made:
The wall dividing the two countries was constructed using a random generation of blocks. The eventual goal was to be able to use the Immigration Policy Slider to determine the size of the gateways in the wall. At this point the procedure did not work correctly.
A range of movement was applied to both Zeenofobeans and Outsiders to give a better sense of country.
Procedures called Health and Motivation were added to the Outsiders to better simulate the push factors for them.
The Outsiders that successfully immigrated had their breed changed so that they conformed to the range of movement restrictions.
Outsiders that were deported had their color changed to gray and were counted and reported as deported.
A line graph of the populations of the two countries was added.
Based on another round of user testing from BJ Afeman and the same two eighth grade students the following changes were made:
Walls were constructed using one block that varied in length which was controlled by the Immigration Policy Slider.
Bug was fixed in the natural increase procedure so that the number of Outsiders created did not crash the game.
Speech bubbles were added when an agent is deported.
First, John Keller's ARCS model serves as a solid framework for analyzing motivational issues surrounding i-Migrate and other learning objects.
Factors Promoting Motivation
Keller's Theory Elements in i-Migrate
Attention Since the entire Star Logo TNG interface is unique to most middle school students, this novelty should easily engage their attention. Furthermore the three dimensional graphics and use of characters from Nintendo's Mario series will also grab the player's attention.
Relevance As a stand-alone i-Migrate demonstrates present worth in terms of it's relevance to manipulating push and pull factors. However when coupled with the scenario cards and its use within a unit on immigration it shows its true relevance. With accompanying instruction, the teacher can fully address the ideas of "Why are we doing this?", future usefulness and needs matching.
Confidence i-Migrate allows users to gain confidence by controlling the agents via the sliders. Additionally i-Migrate allows the player to experiment with the controls and game play without negative consequences. There is no way to die or lose in the game.
Satisfaction The satisfaction in playing i-Migrate comes in several ways. First, there will be the tangible satisfaction of successfully completing the scenario cards. Second, there is entertainment value in manipulating the sliders and watching the agents reactions. Finally, it is satisfying and motivating to use a new tool when learning. Moreover, by using the simulation students will for the long term have a more concrete understanding of how push and pull factors influence immigration.
Second, Csikszentmihalyi's Flow theory is relevant well beyond the scope of EDTEC670. This theory in particular has been an intellectual and instructional catalyst for me a middle school teacher. I have found myself reflecting on this theory frequently when designing lesson plans and learning objects for my students. Finding the point at which the student will be challenged enough so that they remain engaged, but not so challenged that they become frustrated has become a constant goal of mine in developing instruction.
Finally, usability testing can make a big difference in the success of projects that depend on motivation. It was only through the two rounds of usability testing that some issues were identified and addressed only through a "fresh set of eyes" looking at the product. The value of usability testing is important to the creation of effective learning objects.


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VCC 1287 è una galassia irregolare (Im) situata nella costellazione della Chioma di Berenice alla distanza di circa 50 milioni di anni luce dalla Terra. Fa parte dell'ammasso della Vergine, l'ammasso di galassie più vicino al nostro Gruppo Locale.

VCC 1287 è una galassia ultra diffusa (Ultra diffuse galaxy, UDG) cioè una galassia che presenta un densità estremamente bassa e scarsa luminosità, dato il numero di stelle visibili piuttosto ridotto, nonostante le dimensioni siano simili a quelle della Via Lattea.

Nel 2016 è stato pubblicato uno studio condotto da un gruppo internazionale di astronomi tramite osservazioni effettuate con il Gran Telescopio Canarias. Intorno a VCC 1287 orbitano numerosi ammassi globulari ad elevata velocità e ciò è condizionato dalla presenza di un intenso campo gravitazionale. La materia ordinaria presente in questa galassia ha una bassa densità e il campo gravitazionale è sostenuto soprattutto dalla materia oscura particolarmente abbondante. Si calcola che in questa galassia il rapporto tra materia ordinaria e materia oscura sia di 1 a 3.000 circa.

Note

Voci correlate
Galassia ultra diffusa

Collegamenti esterni
SIMBAD - LEDA 41311 -- Galaxy in Cluster of Galaxies
NASA/IPAC EXTRAGALACTIC DATABASE - NED results for object VCC 1287

Galassie irregolari


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Q: Local IIS 7 Returns 500 Error. Can't get details I have tried all of the solution out there and have resolved nothing. It's a MVC 4 site on IIS 7 that I'm tryuing to get set up. Local browsing of the site won't display detail error information. Does anyone have any other suggestions?
So far I have done...

*

*Checked MachineConfig for  for .net 4 both 32 and 64 bit. It was not there so it shouldn't interfere.

*Set customErrors mode="Off" in all config files.

*Changed settings for DefaultErrorPages in the Site Settings to always display details.

*Conducted an IISReset

*Enabled failed request logging. Nothing was logged.

*Checked the site error logs.=. Nothing indicated an error.

*Checked Windows Logs. No errors logged under the IIS section.

*Checked that the App Pool was running under .Net 4 and that it was set to integrated mode.

*Turned off friendly errors in the setting for the browser

PS this is a production web server running Windows 2008R2 and IIS 7.0

A: I found the problem. One of the system admins had cloned the original production site intending for it to be used for the production beta, which was what I was setting up. Of course there was no communication as to what was needed to be kept in the copied site. Well it turns out there was a web.config in the original code that was doing a redirect to another location. Thus none of the new site configs were even being accessed. I removed all of the old code and it started working.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Refinancing existing long term debt.
This was low hanging fruit. Brookfield bonds since about 2000 are callable. Tinsley-Flynn did the work refiance bonds in this low-interest environment. Previous administartions did not put forth the effort. This is a not a one-time financial trick but saves over the next decade.
Leveling school spending commensurate with declining student enrollment.
School enrollment is declining and so should the costs. But the school budget was increased 8% for our students. Brookfield has one of the highest staff to student ratios of any town in CT.
With declining enrollment it made sense to trim staff. This program was to encourage retirement, so no one had to be laid off. Brookfield still has one of the highest teacher to student ratios in Connecticut.
The cost of healthcare accross the nation is skyrocketing. It turns out to be far less expensive to self-insure. There is still coverage for costly cases with a high deductable. Overall this is a significant savings.


AYUTTHAYA — Officials cordoned off parts of a 400-year-old temple attraction Thursday due to damage caused by heavy traffic caused by a sudden surge of interest in the historic attraction.
National park officials warned tourists not to climb the centuries-old structures after bricks used in stairs and lotus ponds at Ayutthaya's Wat Chaiwatthanaram were broken. The site has seen an influx of tourists since it was used to film scenes for "Bupphesaniwat" (Love Destiny), a highly popular rom-com soap opera.
Channarong said the damage could be fixed.
Visitors impatient to wait for crowds to pass the temple's narrow staircases have been climbing over walls and jumping down, further damaging the historical structure.
"Tourists should study the rules and how to act appropriately. Beautiful artifacts could be damaged. This trend of going to historic tourist attractions is good, but coming and not helping everyone preserve the location is bad," said Nattakorn Heepkaew, a 29-year-old tourist from Chonburi.
The temple usually sees about 3,300 visitors on an average weekend, but that rose to about 10,000 when "Bupphesaniwat" aired. The temple is used as a recurring backdrop for 17th century Ayutthaya in the series.