text:
Irish Rebellion of 1798
United Irishmen Rebellion (1798)
23 May ' 23 September 1798
Rebellion crushed, Act of Union (1800)
French First Republic British Army
Hessian mercenaries,
Irish loyalists
Wolfe Tone
Henry Joy McCracken
William Aylmer
Mick Heydon
Father John Murphy
Jean Humbert
Jean-Baptiste-François Bompart Including:
Charles Cornwallis
Gerard Lake
Viscount Castlereagh
50,000 United Irish fighters,
1,100 French regulars, marines & sailors,
10-15 ships[1] 40,000 militia
30,000 British regulars
~25,000 yeomanry
c. 1,000 Hessians
c. 10,000 - 40,000 United Irish and civilian deaths .[2] c. 500- 2,000 military [3]
and 1,000 loyalist civilian deaths[citation needed]
The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Irish: Éirí Amach 1798), also known as the United Irishmen Rebellion (Irish: Éirí Amach na nÉireannach Aontaithe), was an uprising in 1798, lasting several months, against British rule in Ireland. The United Irishmen, a republican revolutionary group influenced by the ideas of the American and French revolutions, were the main organising force behind the rebellion.
2 Society of United Irishmen
3 Aborted invasion (1796)
4 Counter-insurgency and repression
5 Outbreak of the rebellion
6 The rebellion spreads
7 Atrocities
7.1 Government
7.2 Rebel
8 French intervention
9 Aftermath
10 Legacy
11 List of major engagements during the rebellion
[edit] Background
Since 1691 and the end of the Williamite war, Ireland had chiefly been controlled by a Protestant Ascendancy constituting members of the established Church loyal to the British Crown. It governed the majority Irish Catholic population by a form of institutionalised sectarianism codified in the Penal Laws. In the late 18th century, liberal elements among the ruling class were inspired by the example of the American Revolution (1776'1783) and sought to form common cause with the Catholic populace to achieve reform and greater autonomy from Britain. As in England, the majority of Protestants, as well as all Catholics, were barred from voting because they did not pass a property threshold.
When France joined the Americans in support of their Revolutionary War, London called for volunteers to join militias to defend Ireland against the threat of invasion from France. Many thousands joined the Irish Volunteers. In 1782 they used their newly powerful position to force the Crown to grant the landed Ascendancy self-rule and a more independent parliament ("Grattan's Parliament"). The Irish Patriot Party, led by Henry Grattan, pushed for greater enfranchisement. In 1793 parliament passed laws allowing Catholics with some property to vote, but they could neither be elected nor appointed as state officials. Liberal elements of the Ascendancy seeking a greater franchise for the people, and an end to religious discrimination, were further inspired by the French Revolution, which had taken place in a Catholic country.
United Irishmen Rebellion
List of battles during the rebellion
Ballymore-Eustace ' Naas ' Prosperous ' Kilcullen ' Carnew ' Dunlavin ' Carlow ' Harrow ' Tara Hill ' Oulart Hill ' Enniscorthy ' Gibbet Rath ' Newtownmountkennedy ' Three Rocks ' Bunclody ' Tuberneering ' New Ross/Scullabogue ' Antrim ' Arklow ' Saintfield ' Ballynahinch ' Duncairn ' Ovidstown ' Foulksmills ' Vinegar Hill ' Ballyellis ' Castlebar ' Collooney ' Ballinamuck ' Killala ' Tory Island
French Revolutionary Wars
War of the First Coalition
Verdun ' Valmy ' Jemappes ' 1st Mainz ' Neerwinden ' Famars ' 1st Arlon ' Bellegarde ' Hondshoote ' Dunkirk ' Peyrestortes ' Truillas ' 1st Wissembourg ' Wattignies ' Kaiserslautern ' San Pietro and Sant'Antioco - Toulon ' 2nd Wissembourg ' Martinique ' Guadeloupe ' 2nd Arlon ' Villers-en-Cauchies ' Boulou ' Tourcoing ' Tournay ' 3rd Arlon ' Ushant ' Fleurus ' Calvi - Vosges ' Baztan 'San-Lorenzo ' 1st Dego ' Black Mountain ' Roses ' Gulf of Roses - Genoa ' Luxembourg ' Groix ' Quiberon ' Hyères ' 2nd Mainz ' Loano ' Montenotte ' Millesimo ' 2nd Dego ' Mondovì ' Fombio ' Lodi ' Borghetto ' Ettlingen ' Lonato ' Castiglione ' Neresheim ' Amberg ' Würzburg ' Rovereto ' 1st Bassano ' Emmendingen - Schliengen ' 2nd Bassano ' Calliano ' Caldiero ' Arcole ' Newfoundland - Expédition d'Irlande ' Kehl ' Rivoli ' Mantua ' Faenza ' Fishguard ' Neuwied ' Camperdown
War in the Vendée ' War of the Pyrenees ' Flanders Campaign ' Anglo'Spanish War
War of the Second Coalition
Ostrach ' 1st Stockach ' Magnano ' Cassano ' Winterthur ' 1st Zürich ' Trebbia ' Mantua ' Novi ' Bergen ' 2nd Zürich ' Castricum ' Genoa ' Hohentwiel ' 2nd Stockach ' Meßkirch ' Montebello ' Marengo ' Höchstädt ' Ampfing ' Hohenlinden ' Mincio ' Copenhagen ' Algeciras
Egyptian Campaign ' Swiss Campaign ' Dutch Campaign
Italian Campaigns
1st Dego - Loano ' Montenotte ' Millesimo ' 2nd Dego ' Ceva ' Mondovì ' Fombio ' Lodi ' Borghetto ' Lonato ' Castiglione ' Rovereto ' 1st Bassano ' 2nd Bassano ' Calliano ' Caldiero ' Arcole ' Rivoli ' 1st Mantua ' Magnano ' Cassano ' Trebbia ' 2nd Mantua ' Novi ' Genoa ' Montebello ' Marengo ' Pozzolo
Naval Battles of the
Sardinia - Toulon ' Guernsey ' May 1794 ' Gulf of Roses - Ushant ' Croisière du Grand Hiver ' Genoa ' Groix ' Hyères ' 1st St Vincent ' Newfoundland expedition - Expédition d'Irlande ' Camperdown ' 2nd St Vincent ' �Žles Saint-Marcouf ' Nile ' Tory Island ' Dunkirk ' Malta ' Copenhagen ' Algeciras ' Boulogne
Irish Rebellion of 1798 ' Haitian Revolution
[edit] Society of United Irishmen
Wolfe Tone, United Irish leader.
The prospect of reform inspired a small group of Protestant liberals in Belfast to found the Society of United Irishmen in 1791. The organisation crossed the religious divide with a membership comprising Roman Catholics, Presbyterians, Methodists, other Protestant "dissenters" groups, and some from the Protestant Ascendancy. The Society openly put forward policies of further democratic reforms and Catholic emancipation, reforms which the Irish Parliament had little intention of granting. The British government was just as unwilling to enforce such reforms until pressured to do so in 1793. The outbreak of war with France earlier in 1793, following the execution of Louis XVI, forced the Society underground and toward armed insurrection with French aid. The avowed intent of the United Irishmen was to "break the connection with England"; the organisation spread throughout Ireland and had at least 100,000 members by 1797. It linked up with Catholic agrarian resistance groups, known as the Defenders, who had started raiding houses for arms in early 1793.
"Equality '
It is new strung and shall be heard"
United Irish Symbol
Cl�¡irseach (harp) with cap of liberty instead of crown
Despite their growing strength, the United Irish leadership decided to seek military help from the French revolutionary government and to postpone the rising until French troops landed in Ireland. Theobald Wolfe Tone, leader of the United Irishmen, travelled in exile from the United States to France to press the case for intervention.
[edit] Aborted invasion (1796)
Tone's efforts succeeded with the dispatch of the Expédition d'Irlande, and he accompanied a force of 15,000 French veteran troops under General Hoche which arrived off the coast of Ireland at Bantry Bay in December 1796 after eluding the Royal Navy. However, unremitting storms, indecisiveness of leaders and poor seamanship all combined to prevent a landing. The despairing Wolfe Tone remarked; "England has had its luckiest escape since the Armada."[4] The French fleet was forced to return home and the veteran army intended to spearhead the invasion of Ireland split up and was sent to fight in other theatres of the French Revolutionary Wars.
[edit] Counter-insurgency and repression
Arrest of Lord Edward Fitzgerald (George Cruikshank).
The Establishment responded to widespread disorders by launching a counter-campaign of martial law from 2 March 1797. It used tactics including house burnings, torture of captives, pitchcapping and murder, particularly in Ulster as it was the one area of Ireland where large numbers of Catholics and Protestants (mainly Presbyterians) had effected common cause. In May 1797 the military in Belfast also violently suppressed the newspaper of the United Irishmen, the Northern Star.
In End of the Irish Invasion ;' or' the Destruction of the French Armada (1797), James Gillray caricatured the failure of Hoche's expedition.
The British establishment recognised sectarianism as a divisive tool to employ against the Protestant United Irishmen in Ulster and the divide and conquer method of colonial dominion was officially encouraged by the Government. Brigadier-General C.E. Knox wrote to General Lake (who was responsible for Ulster): "I hope to increase the animosity between Orangemen and United Irishmen. Upon that animosity depends the safety of the centre counties of the North."[citation needed]
Similarly, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, John FitzGibbon, wrote to the Privy Council in June 1798, "In the North nothing will keep the rebels quiet but the conviction that where treason has broken out the rebellion is merely popish",[5] expressing the hope that the Presbyterian republicans might not rise if they thought that rebellion was supported only by Catholics.
Loyalists across Ireland had organised in support of the Government; many supplied recruits and vital local intelligence through the foundation of the Orange Order in 1795. The Government's founding of Maynooth College in the same year, and the French conquest of Rome earlier in 1798 both helped secure the opposition of the Roman Catholic Church to rebellion; with a few individual exceptions, the Church was firmly on the side of the Crown throughout the entire period of turmoil.
In March 1798 intelligence from informants amongst the United Irish caused the Government to sweep up most of their leadership in raids in Dublin in March 1798. Martial law was imposed over most of the country and its unrelenting brutality put the United Irish organisation under severe pressure to act before it was too late. A rising in Cahir, County Tipperary broke out in response, but was quickly crushed by the High Sherrif, Col. Thomas Judkin-Fitzgerald. Militants led by Samuel Neilson and Lord Edward FitzGerald dominated the rump United Irish leadership and planned to rise without French aid, fixing the date for 23 May.
[edit] Outbreak of the rebellion
The initial plan was to take Dublin, with the counties bordering Dublin to rise in support and prevent the arrival of reinforcements followed by the rest of the country who were to tie down other garrisons. The signal to rise was to be spread by the interception of the mail coaches from Dublin. However, last-minute intelligence from informants provided the Government with details of rebel assembly points in Dublin and a huge force of military occupied them barely one hour before rebels were to assemble. Deterred by the military, the gathering groups of rebels quickly dispersed, abandoning the intended rallying points, and dumping their weapons in the surrounding lanes. In addition, the plan to intercept the mail coaches miscarried, with only the Munster-bound coach halted at Johnstown, near Naas, on the first night.
Although the planned nucleus of the rebellion had imploded, the surrounding districts of Dublin rose as planned and were swiftly followed by most of the counties surrounding Dublin. The first clashes of the rebellion took place just after dawn on 24 May. Fighting quickly spread throughout Leinster, with the heaviest fighting taking place in County Kildare where, despite the Government's successfully beating off almost every rebel attack, the rebels gained control of much of the county as military forces in Kildare were ordered to withdraw to Naas for fear of their isolation and destruction as at Prosperous. However, rebel defeats at Carlow and the hill of Tara, County Meath, effectively ended the rebellion in those counties. In County Wicklow, news of the rising spread panic and fear among loyalists; they responded by massacring rebel suspects held in custody at Dunlavin Green and in Carnew. A peer of the realm, Sir Edward Crosbie, was found guilty of leading the rebellion in Carlow and executed for treason.
[edit] The rebellion spreads
See also: Wexford Rebellion
In Wicklow, large numbers rose but chiefly engaged in a bloody rural guerrilla war with the military and loyalist forces. General Joseph Holt led up to 1,000 men in the Wicklow Hills and forced the British to commit substantial forces to the area until his capitulation in October.
In the north-east, mostly Presbyterian rebels led by Henry Joy McCracken[1] rose in County Antrim on 6 June. They briefly held most of the county, but the rising there collapsed following defeat at Antrim town. In County Down, after initial success at Saintfield, rebels led by Henry Munro were defeated in the longest battle of the rebellion at Ballynahinch.
The rebels had most success in the south-eastern county of Wexford where they seized control of the county, but a series of bloody defeats at the Battle of New Ross, Battle of Arklow, and the Battle of Bunclody prevented the effective spread of the rebellion beyond the county borders. 20,000 troops eventually poured into Wexford and inflicted defeat at the Battle of Vinegar Hill on 21 June. The dispersed rebels spread in two columns through the midlands, Kilkenny, and finally towards Ulster. The last remnants of these forces fought on until their final defeat on 14 July at the battles of Knightstown Bog, County Meath and Ballyboughal, County Dublin.
[edit] Atrocities
Half-hanging of suspected United Irishmen by government troops.
The intimate nature of the conflict meant that the rebellion at times took on the worst characteristics of a civil war, especially in Leinster. Sectarian resentment was fuelled by the remaining Penal Laws still in force and by the ruthless campaign of repression prior to the rising. Rumours of planned massacres by both sides were common in the days before the rising and led to a widespread climate of fear.
[edit] Government
The aftermath of almost every British victory in the rising was marked by the massacre of captured and wounded rebels with some on a large scale such as at Carlow, New Ross, Ballinamuck and Killala. The British were responsible for particularly gruesome massacres at Gibbet Rath, New Ross and Enniscorthy, burning rebels alive in the latter two[6]. For those rebels who were taken alive in the aftermath of battle, being regarded as traitors to the Crown, they were not treated as prisoners of war but were executed, usually by hanging.
In addition countless non-combatant civilians were murdered by the military, who also practised gang rape, particularly in County Wexford[7][8]. Many individual instances of murder were also unofficially carried out by aggressive local Yeomanry Units before, during and after the rebellion as their local knowledge led them to attack suspected rebels. "Pardoned" rebels were a particular target[9].
[edit] Rebel
This section does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2010)
Small-scale atrocities were carried out by rebels near Saintfield, County Down and at Rathangan in County Kildare but almost all rebel atrocities during the rebellion were confined to County Wexford. Executions of loyalist prisoners took place at the Vinegar Hill camp and Wexford town, and a massacre of civilians at Scullabogue. Despite the United Irishmen being an avowedly non-sectarian organisation, the rebel atrocities in Wexford at times took on a sectarian nature especially where rebel discipline broke down, with Protestantism often being equated with loyalism.
[edit] French intervention
See also: Cornwallis in Ireland
"Charge of the 5th Dragoon Guards on the insurgents ' a recreant yeoman having deserted to them in uniform is being cut down" ' William Sadler (1782'1839).
On 22 August, nearly two months after the main uprisings had been defeated, about 1,000 French soldiers under General Humbert landed in the north-west of the country, at Kilcummin in County Mayo. Joined by up to 5,000 local rebels, they had some initial success, inflicting a humiliating defeat on the British at the Castlebar (also known as the Castlebar races to commemorate the speed of the retreat) and setting up a short-lived "Republic of Connaught". This sparked some supportive risings in Longford and Westmeath which were quickly defeated, and the main force was defeated at the battle of Ballinamuck, in County Longford, on 8 September 1798. The French troops who surrendered were repatriated to France in exchange for British prisoners of war, but hundreds of the captured Irish rebels were executed. This episode of the 1798 Rebellion became a major event in the heritage and collective memory of the West of Ireland and was commonly known in Irish as Bliain na bhFrancach and in English as "The Year of the French".[10]
On 12 October 1798, a larger French force consisting of 3,000 men, and including Wolfe Tone himself, attempted to land in County Donegal near Lough Swilly. They were intercepted by a larger Royal Navy squadron, and finally surrendered after a three hour battle without ever landing in Ireland. Wolfe Tone was tried by court-martial in Dublin and found guilty. He asked for death by firing squad, but when this was refused, Tone cheated the hangman by slitting his own throat in prison on 12 November, and died a week later.
[edit] Aftermath
"General" Joseph Holt (1799).
Small fragments of the great rebel armies of the Summer of 1798 survived for a number of years and waged a form of guerrilla or "fugitive" warfare in several counties. In County Wicklow, "General" Joseph Holt fought on until his negotiated surrender in Autumn 1798. It was not until the failure of Robert Emmet's rebellion in 1803 that the last organised rebel forces under Michael Dwyer capitulated. Small pockets of rebel resistance had also survived in Wexford and the last rebel group under James Corocoran was not vanquished until February 1804.
The Act of Union, having been passed in August 1800, came into effect on 1 January 1801 and took away the measure of autonomy granted to Ireland's Protestant Ascendancy. It was passed largely in response to the rebellion and was underpinned by the perception that the rebellion was provoked by the brutish misrule of the Ascendancy as much as the efforts of the United Irishmen.
Religious, if not economic, discrimination against the Catholic majority was gradually abolished after the Act of Union but not before widespread radical mobilisation of the Catholic population under Daniel O'Connell. Discontent at grievances and resentment persisted but resistance to British rule now largely manifested itself along sectarian lines as in the Tithe War of 1831-36. Presbyterian radicalism was effectively tamed or reconciled to British rule by inclusion in a new Protestant Ascendancy, as opposed to a merely Anglican one. The result was that Irish politics was, until the Young Ireland movement in the mid-19th century, steered away from the unifying vision of the United Irishmen, encouraged by Unionists, Dublin Castle, and exploited by politicians such as Daniel O'Connell, towards a sectarian model which has largely dominated Irish politics to the present day.
[edit] Legacy
The 1798 rebellion was possibly the most concentrated outbreak of violence in Irish history, and resulted in thousands of deaths over the course of three months. Contemporary estimates put the death toll from 20,000 (Dublin Castle) to as many as 50,000[11] of which 2,000 were military and 1,000 loyalist civilians[12] .
However, modern research suggests this figure may be too high. Firstly, a list of British soldiers killed, compiled for a fund to aid the families of dead soldiers, listed just 530 names. Secondly, professor Louis Cullen, through examination of depletion of the population in County Wexford between 1798 and 1820, put the fatal casualites in that county at 6,000. Historian Thomas Bartlett has therefore concluded, "a death toll of 10,000 for the entire island would seem to be in order".[13]
Atrocities were committed on both sides, the majority being committed by the government forces, but rebel killings of Protestants in Wexford were given greater emphasis by the victors in the following years, as the loyalist version of events reduced the rebellion to a sectarian Catholic plot to massacre Protestants'a repeat of the Irish Rebellion of 1641.
Grave of Wolfe Tone
Bodenstown, County Kildare
The post-rebellion repression meant few spoke or wrote of the events from rebel perspectives, and as a result almost all initial accounts of the rebellion were written from the loyalist perspective. In many, the role of Catholicism in the rebellion was greatly exaggerated,[14] but ironically this distortion later suited the aims of the Catholic Church in Ireland, allowing it to claim a leadership role in Irish nationalism during the 19th century. The reality that it actively sided with the British during the rising was ignored and the role of the few Catholic priests who took part in the rising, such as Fr. John Murphy, was overemphasised. The secular Enlightenment ideology of the mostly Protestant United Irish leadership was deliberately obscured.[15] By the centenary of the Rebellion in 1898, conservative Irish nationalists and the Catholic Church would both claim that the United Irishmen had been fighting for "Faith and Fatherland", and this version of events is still, to some extent, the lasting popular memory of the rebellion.
At the bi-centenary in 1998, the non-sectarian and democratic ideals of the Rebellion were emphasised in official commemorations, reflecting the desire for reconciliation at the time of the Good Friday Agreement which was hoped would end "The Troubles" in Northern Ireland.
[edit] List of major engagements during the rebellion
24 May Ballymore Eustace, County Kildare Battle of Ballymore-Eustace United Irishmen repulsed
24 May Naas, County Kildare Battle of Naas United Irishmen repulsed
24'28 May Rathangan, County Kildare Battle of Rathangan United Irish victory, rebels repulsed 28 May
24 May Prosperous, County Kildare Battle of Prosperous United Irish victory
24 May Kilcullen, County Kildare Battle of Kilcullen British abandon Kilcullen
25 May Carnew, County Wicklow Carnew massacre British execute 38 prisoners
25 May Dunlavin, County Wicklow Dunlavin Green massacre British execute 36 prisoners
25 May Carlow, County Carlow Battle of Carlow British victory
26 May The Harrow, County Wexford Battle of the Harrow United Irish victory
26 May Hill of Tara, County Meath Battle of Tara Hill British victory
27 May Oulart, County Wexford Battle of Oulart Hill United Irish victory
28 May Enniscorthy, County Wexford Battle of Enniscorthy United Irish victory
29 May Curragh, County Kildare Gibbet Rath massacre British execute 300'500 rebels
30 May Newtownmountkennedy, County Wicklow Battle of Newtownmountkennedy British victory
30 May Forth Mountain, County Wexford Battle of Three Rocks United Irish victory, Wexford taken
1 June Bunclody, County Wexford Battle of Bunclody British victory
4 June Tuberneering, County Wexford Battle of Tuberneering United Irish victory
5 June New Ross, County Wexford Battle of New Ross British victory
5 June Scullabogue, County Wexford Scullabogue massacre Irish rebels kill 100'200 loyalists
7 June Antrim, County Antrim Battle of Antrim United Irishmen repulsed
9 June Arklow, County Wicklow Battle of Arklow United Irishmen repulsed
9 June Saintfield, County Down Battle of Saintfield United Irish victory
12'13 June Ballynahinch, County Down Battle of Ballynahinch British victory
19 June near Kilcock, County Kildare Battle of Ovidstown British victory
20 June Foulkesmill, County Wexford Battle of Foulksmills British victory
21 June Enniscorthy, County Wexford Battle of Vinegar Hill British victory
30 June near Carnew, County Wicklow Battle of Ballyellis United Irish victory
27 August Castlebar, County Mayo Battle of Castlebar United Irish/French victory
5 September Collooney, County Sligo Battle of Collooney United Irish/French victory
8 September Ballinamuck, County Longford Battle of Ballinamuck British victory
23 September Killala, County Mayo Battle of Killala British victory
12 October near Tory Island, County Donegal Battle of Tory Island British victory
Battles during the 1798 rebellion
List of Irish rebellions
United Irish Uprising in Newfoundland
Castle Hill convict rebellion in Sydney, Australia
Atlantic Revolutions
^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/irish_reb_01.shtml
^ Thomas Bartlett, Clemency and Compensation, the treatment of defeated rebels and sufering loyalists after the 1798 rebellion, in Revolution, Counter-Revolution and Union, Ireland in the 1790s, Jim Smyth ed, Cambridge, 2000, p100
^ Bartlett, p100
^ * The Writings of Theobald Wolfe Tone 1763-98, Volume Two: America, France and Bantry Bay - August 1795 to December 1796 (Journal entry 26th December 1796) - eds. T W Moody, R B MacDowel and C J Woods, Clarendon Press (USA) ISBN 0 19 822383 8
^ Letter to Privy Council, 4 June 1798 "A Volley of Execrations: the letters and papers of John Fitzgibbon, earl of Clare, 1772-1802", edited by D.A. Fleming and A.P.W. Malcomson. (2004)
^ p. 146 "Fr. John Murphy of Boolavogue 1753-98" (Dublin, 1991) Nicholas Furlong ISBN 0 906602 18 1
^ p. 28, "The Mighty Wave: The 1798 Rebellion in Wexford" (Four Courts Press 1996) Daire Keogh (Editor), Nicholas Furlong (Editor) ISBN 1-85182-254-2
^ Moore, Sir John The Diary of Sir John Moore p.295 ed. J.F Maurice (London 1904)
^ p. 113 "Revolution, Counter-Revolution and Union" (Cambridge University Press, 2000) Ed. Jim Smyth ISBN 0 521 66109 9
^ Guy Beiner, Remembering the Year of the French: Irish Folk History and Social Memory (University of Wisconsin Press, 2007).
^ Thomas Packenham, P.392 The Year of Liberty (1969) ISBN 0-586-03709-8
^ Richard Musgrave "Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland" (1801) (see Appendices)
^ Bartlett in Smyth, ed, p100
^ Richard Musgrave "Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland" (1801)
^ Fr. Patrick F. Kavanagh "A Popular History of the Insurrection of 1798" (1880) ISBN 9781436744560
[edit] Sources
Thomas Bartlett, Kevin Dawson, Daire Keogh, Rebellion, Dublin 1998
W. Tone, The Life of T. W. Tone (Gales & Seaton, Washington 1826).
James Smyth, The Men of No Property: Irish Radicals and Popular Politics in the late 18th century. Houndsmills/Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992.
Miles Byrne (1780'1862)- Memoirs.
T. Packenham, The Year of Liberty (London 1969) reprinted in 1998.
Kevin Whelan, The Tree of Liberty: Radicals, Catholicism and the Construction of Irish Identity, 1760-1830. Cork: Cork University Press, 1996.
J.B Gordon "History of the Rebellion in Ireland in the year 1798" (1801)
Edward Hay "History of the Insurrection of County Wexford" (1803)
H.F.B Wheeler & A.M Broadley "The war in Wexford: an account of the rebellion in the south of Ireland in 1798, told from original documents" (1910)
Richard Musgrave "Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland" (1801)
C. Dickson "The Wexford Rising in 1798: its causes and course" (1955)
G.A Hayes-Mc Coy "Irish Battles" (1969)
CD by Martello Multimedia (National Library of Ireland, Dublin 1998).
R. Madden, The United Irishmen (4 vols. to 1862).
National 1798 Centre - Enniscorthy, Co. Wexford
The 1798 Irish Rebellion - BBC History
The 1798 Rebellion in County Clare - Clare library
The 1798 Rebellion - Irish anarchist analysis
General Joseph Holt of the 1798 Rebellion in Wicklow
Fugitive Warfare - 1798 in North Kildare
Map of Dublin 1798
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Flight to Varennes (20 and 21 Jun 1791) – Champ de Mars Massacre (17 Jul 1791) – Declaration of Pillnitz (27 Aug 1791) – The Constitution of 1791 (3 Sep 1791) – Legislative Assembly (1 Oct 1791 to Sep 1792) – Self-denying ordinance (30 Sep 1791)
Brunswick Manifesto (25 Jul 1792) – Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary (Jun 1792) – 10th of August (10 Aug 1792) – September Massacres (Sep 1792) – National Convention (20 Sep 1792 to 26 Oct 1795) – First republic declared (22 Sep 1792)
Louis Capet is guillotined (21 Jan 1793) РMarie Antoinette is guillotined (21 Jan 1793) РRevolutionary Tribunals (9 Mar 1793 to 31 May 1795) РReign of Terror (27 Jun 1793 to 27 July 1794) Р(Committee of Public Safety РCommittee of General Security) РFall of the Girondists (13 Jul 1793) РAssassination of Marat (13 Jul 1793) РLev̩e en masse (23 Aug 1793) РLaw of Suspects (17 Sep 1793) РAnti-clerical laws (throughout the year)
Danton & Desmoulins guillotined (5 Apr 1794) – Law of 22 Prairial (10 Jun 1794) – Thermidorian Reaction (27 Jul 1794) – White Terror (Fall 1794) – Closing of the Jacobin Club (11 Nov 1794)
1795 Constitution (22 Aug 1795) – Conspiracy of the Equals (Nov 1795) – Directoire (1795-1799)
Coup of 18 Fructidor (4 Sep 1797) – Second Congress of Rastatt(Dec 1797)
The coup of 18 Brumaire (9 Nov 1799) – Constitution of the Year VIII (24 Dec 1799)
Revolutionary wars
Battle of Valmy РRoyalist Revolts (Chouannerie РVend̩e РDauphin̩) РBattle of Verdun РSiege of Thionville РSiege of Lille РSiege of Mayence РBattle of Jemappes РSiege of Namur
First Coalition РSiege of Toulon (18 Sep to 18 Dec 1793) РWar in the Vend̩e РBattle of Neerwinden) РBattle of Famars (23 May 1793) РCapture of San Pietro and Sant'Antioco (25 May 1793) РBattle of Kaiserslautern РSiege of Mainz РBattle of Wattignies РBattle of Hondshoote РSiege of Bellegarde РBattle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees) РFirst Battle of Wissembourg (13 Oct 1793) РBattle of Truillas (Pyrenees) Second Battle of Wissembourg (26 and 27 Dec 1793)
Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies (24 Apr 1794) – Battle of Boulou (Pyrenees) (30 Apr and 1 May 1794) – Battle of Tournay (22 May 1794) – Battle of Fleurus (26 Jun 1794) – Chouannerie – Battle of Tourcoing (18 May 1794) – Battle of Aldenhoven (2 Oct 1794)
Peace of Basel
Battle of Lonato (3 and 4 Aug 1796) – Battle of Castiglione (5 Aug 1796) – Battle of Theiningen – Battle of Neresheim (11 Aug 1796) – Battle of Amberg (24 Aug 1796) – Battle of Würzburg (3 Sep 1796) – Battle of Rovereto (4 Sep 1796) – First Battle of Bassano (8 Sep 1796) – Battle of Emmendingen (19 Oct 1796) – Battle of Schliengen (26 Oct 1796) – Second Battle of Bassano (6 Nov 1796) – Battle of Calliano (6 and 7 Nov 1796) – Battle of the Bridge of Arcole (15 to 17 Nov 1796) – The Ireland Expedition (Dec 1796)
Naval Engagement off Brittany (13 Jan 1797) – Battle of Rivoli (14 and 15 Jan 1797) – Battle of the Bay of C�¡diz (25 Jan 1797) – Treaty of Leoben (17 Apr 1797) – Battle of Neuwied (18 Apr 1797) – Treaty of Campo Formio (17 Oct 1797)
French Invasion of Egypt (1798'1801) – Irish Rebellion of 1798 (23 May ' 23 Sep 1798) – Quasi-War (1798 to 1800) – Peasants' War (12 Oct to 5 Dec 1798)
Second Coalition (1798-1802) – Siege of Acre (20 Mar to 21 May 1799) – Battle of Ostrach (20 and 21 Mar 1799) – Battle of Stockach (25 Mar 1799) – Battle of Magnano (5 Apr 1799) – Battle of Cassano (27 Apr 1799) – First Battle of Zürich (4-7 Jun 1799) – Battle of Trebbia (19 Jun 1799) – Battle of Novi (15 Aug 1799) – Second Battle of Zürich (25 and 26 Sep 1799)
Battle of Marengo (14 Jun 1800) – Battle of Hohenlinden (3 Dec 1800) – League of Armed Neutrality (1800-1802)
Treaty of Lun̩ville (9 Feb 1801) РTreaty of Florence (18 Mar 1801) РBattle of Algeciras (8 Jul 1801)
Treaty of Amiens (25 Mar 1802)
Military leaders
French army officers
Eustache Charles d'Aoust – Pierre Augereau – Alexandre de Beauharnais – Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte – Louis Alexandre Berthier – Jean-Baptiste Bessières – Guillaume Marie Anne Brune – Jean François Carteaux – Jean Étienne Championnet – Chapuis de Tourville – Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine – Louis-Nicolas Davout – Louis Charles Antoine Desaix – Jacques François Dugommier – Charles François Dumouriez – Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino – Louis-Charles de Flers – Paul Grenier – Emmanuel de Grouchy – Jacques Maurice Hatry – Lazare Hoche – Jean-Baptiste Jourdan – François Christophe Kellermann – Jean-Baptiste Kléber – Pierre Choderlos de Laclos – Jean Lannes – Charles Leclerc – Claude Lecourbe – François Joseph Lefebvre – Jacques MacDonald – Jean Antoine Marbot – Jean Baptiste de Marbot – François-Séverin Marceau – Auguste de Marmont – André Masséna – Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey – Jean Victor Marie Moreau – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier – Joachim Murat – Michel Ney – fr:Pierre-Jacques Osten – Nicolas Oudinot – Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon – Charles Pichegru – Józef Antoni Poniatowski – Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr – Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer – Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier – Joseph Souham – Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult – Louis Gabriel Suchet – Belgrand de Vaubois – Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
French naval officers
Charles-Alexandre Linois –
Opposition military figures
Ralph Abercromby (British) – József Alvinczi (Austrian) – Archduke Charles of Austria – Duke of Brunswick (Prussian) – Count of Clerfayt (Walloon fighting for Austria) – Luis Firmin de Carvajal (Spanish) – Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg (Russian) – Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen (Prussian) – Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze (Swiss in Austrian service) Count of Kalckreuth (Austrian) – Alexander Korsakov (Russian) – P�¡l Kray (Hungarian serving Austria) – Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc (French in the service of Austria) – Maximilian Baillet de Latour (Walloon in the service of Austria) – Karl Mack von Leiberich (Austrian) – Rudolf Ritter von Otto (Saxon fighting for Austria) – Antonio Ricardos (Spanish) – James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez (British admiral) – Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (Austrian) – William V, Prince of Orange (Dutch) – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth (British admiral) – Peter Quasdanovich (Austrian) – Prince Heinrich XV Reuss of Plauen (Austrian) – Alexander Suvorov (Russian) – Johann Mész�¡ros von Szoboszló (Hungarian in Austrian service) – Karl Philipp Sebottendorf (Austrian) – Dagobert von Wurmser (Austrian) – Duke of York (British)
Other important figures and factions
Royals and Royalists
Charles X of France РLouis XVI РLouis XVII РLouis XVIII РLouis Antoine, Duke of Enghien РLouis Henri, Prince of Cond̩ РLouis Joseph, Prince of Cond̩ РLouis Philippe of France РMarie Antoinette РPrincess Marie Louise of Savoy РMadame du Barry РLouis de Breteuil РLom̩nie de Brienne РCharles Alexandre de Calonne РChateaubriand РJean Chouan РGrace Elliott РArnaud de Laporte РJean-Sifrein Maury РMirabeau РJacques Necker
Feuillants
Antoine Barnave РAlexandre-Th̩odore-Victor, comte de Lameth РCharles Malo Fran̤ois Lameth РLafayette
Girondists
Jacques Pierre Brissot – Étienne Clavière – Marquis de Condorcet – Charlotte Corday – Marie Jean Hérault – Roland de La Platière – Madame Roland – Jean Baptiste Treilhard – Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud – Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac – Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
Hébertists
Jacques H̩bert РJacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne РPierre Gaspard Chaumette РJacques Roux
Bonapartists
Napol̩on Bonaparte Рde Cambac̩r̬s РJacques-Louis David РJean Debry РJoseph Fesch РCharles Fran̤ois Lebrun РPhilippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
Others: Jean-Pierre-André Amar – François-No�«l Babeuf – Jean Sylvain Bailly – François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy – Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne – Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot – André Chénier – Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil – Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville – Olympe de Gouges – Father Henri Grégoire – Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas – Jacques-Donatien Le Ray – Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet – Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes – Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville – Jean Joseph Mounier – Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours – François de Neufchâteau – Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau – Pierre Louis Prieur – Jean-François Rewbell – Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux – Marquis de Sade – Antoine Christophe Saliceti – Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès – Madame de Sta�«l – Talleyrand – Thérésa Tallien – Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target – Catherine Théot – Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier – Jean-Henri Voulland
Les Lumi̬res РBeaumarchais РEdmund Burke РAnacharsis Cloots РCharles-Augustin de Coulomb РPierre Claude Fran̤ois Daunou РDiderot РBenjamin Franklin РThomas Jefferson РAntoine Lavoisier РMontesquieu РThomas Paine РJean-Jacques Rousseau РVoltaire
The Bonapartes
Jos̩phine de Beauharnais РJoseph Bonaparte РLucien Bonaparte РNapoleon Bonaparte
La Marseillaise – Fabre d'Églantine – French Tricolour – Liberté, égalité, fraternité – Bastille Day – Panthéon – French Republican Calendar – Cult of the Supreme Being – Cult of Reason – Sans-culottes – Metric system
Quatrevingt-treize РA Tale of Two Cities РThe Scarlet Pimpernel РScaramouche РLa R̩volution fran̤aise РOrphans of the Storm РDanton


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To respond to the fundamental shifts underway in health care, the Paoli Hospital Foundation has launched the Always There with Great Care campaign—a special fundraising effort to meet our community's most urgent health care needs, advance patient care and prepare for future programs.
Funds raised through the campaign will be allocated strategically to a variety of health care programs that support our mission, including: community health, patient support programs, technology, and specialized training for staff. The campaign serves as an important source of flexible funds for advancing patient care today, and for generations to come.
Matching Gift Challenge—double your impact!
The hospital has received a very special commitment by anonymous donors of a $1 million Challenge Grant. Gifts or pledges starting at $10,000 from donors who have not given in the past three years and gifts of $1,000 or more from the Medical Staff will be matched dollar-per-dollar, up to $100,000.
If the Challenge Grant is met, $1 million will go towards the Always There with Great Care Campaign.
Tom and JoAnne Fillippo were honored with the 2014 H. Phelps Potter Society Award which recognizes their advocacy, leadership, and philanthropy. Tom has been a Trustee of the Paoli Hospital Foundation since 1991 and has held many leadership roles, including Chair, during one of the most transformative periods in our history.
Tom modestly attributes his generosity to his desire to support the community he loves and has been part of his entire life. JoAnne Fillippo is a long-time member of the Anthony Wayne branch of the Paoli Hospital Auxiliary, she served as the Chair of the annual Golf Tournament.
In an effort to facilitate and encourage physician involvement with the Paoli Hospital Foundation, Dr. Robert Fried, Vice President of Medical Affairs established the Physician Advisory Council. The Council will help to steward charitable gifts, and identify ways that donations can make a difference.
In return, physicians help Foundation Trustees and donors to understand the demands and complex environments in health care.
Physician Advisory Council comes together for a meeting at Applebrook Golf Club. From Left to Right: Robert Schuster, MD; Robert Fried, MD; Jonathon Garino, MD; Reem Ann Habboushe, MD; Stuart Brilliant, MD; Jennifer Gilbert, DO; Robert Pinsk, MD; Ernie Gillan, MD; Robert Ruggiero, MD. Not Pictured: Norman Callahan, DO; Michel Hoessly, MD; Michael Cabral, MD; Sean Ryan, MD; James Simon, DO.
The Cancer Center received a $2,500 grant from Millennium Pharmaceuticals to fund the Survivorship Program. The grant provides the funding to host a series of programs designed to help support patients after cancer treatment.
The Survivorship Program serves as an educational forum to address areas of identified need such as nutrition, exercise, and screening recommendations while giving patients emotional assistance.
The Barbara Tachovsky 5-Star Care Award is presented annually to a Paoli Hospital employee who exhibits 5-Star Care Behaviors: Sensitive, Trusted, Action Oriented and Relationship Driven.
Elizabeth Ferrigno (left) is pictured here with Al Celidonio, Jan Nash, VP of Patient Services, and Jim Paradis, President, Paoli Hospital.


text:
Q: How to create a reusable backbone/backbone.marionette component such a datagrid? I am pretty new to Backbone and Backbone.Marionette. I succeed to create a simple page with a sort of datagrid that allows me paging (first, previous, next, last pages), quick searching (triggered at each time a key is pressed), choosing the number of items shown on page (5, 10, all, ...)
Now that I have something working, I tried to improve that and to make these features as a sort of reusable component but I do not know exactly the way to follow. I do not know how to start to refine the work already done.
For example, I want to be able to change the collection/model manage by the datagrid without rewriting everything. This is where I am not confident how to do that and it is probably due to a lack of knowledge. So your inputs and advice to go further will be really appreciated and welcomed.
// JST and HAML Assets is used for the templating pre-compilation
Backbone.Marionette.Renderer.render = function(template, data) {
  if (!JST[template]) {
    throw "Template '" + template + "' not found!";
  }
  return JST[template](data);
};

window.MyApp = new Backbone.Marionette.Application();

MyApp.addRegions({
  content: ".content-box"
});

MyApp.Datagrid = (function() {
  var Datagrid, ItemPerPageView, Layout, PagerView, QuickSearchView, Theme, ThemeView, Themes, ThemesView;

  Datagrid = {};

  Layout = Backbone.Marionette.Layout.extend({
    template: "layouts/grid",
    regions: {
      grid: "#grid",
      quickSearch: "#quickSearch",
      itemPerPage: "#itemPerPage",
      pager: ".pager"
    }
  });

  Theme = Backbone.Model.extend();

  Themes = Backbone.ExtendedCollection.paginatedCollection.extend({
    url: "/themes",
    model: Theme,

    initialize: function() {
      var _this = this;

      MyApp.vent.on("quickSearch:term", function(term) {
        _this.quickSearch(term);
      });

      MyApp.vent.on("itemPerPage:count", function(count) {
        _this.perPage(count);
      });

      MyApp.vent.on("pager:previous", function() {
        _this.previous();
      });

      MyApp.vent.on("pager:next", function() {
        _this.next();
      });

      MyApp.vent.on("pager:first", function() {
        _this.first();
      });

      MyApp.vent.on("pager:last", function() {
        _this.last();
      });
    }
  });

  ThemeView = Backbone.Marionette.ItemView.extend({
    tagName: "tr",
    template: "theme",
    model: Theme,

    events: {
      "click span": "edit",
      "blur input": "save"
    },

    edit: function(event) {
      var id, span;
      id = this.model.get("id");
      span = $("span", this.el).hide();
      $("input", this.el).show().focus().val(span.text());
    },

    save: function(event) {
      var id, input, span;
      id = this.model.get("id");
      span = $("span", this.el).show();
      input = $("input", this.el).hide();
      if (this.model.get("name") !== input.val()) {
        this.model.set("name", input.val());
        this.model.save();
      }
      span.text(this.model.get("name"));
    }
  });

  ThemesView = Backbone.Marionette.CompositeView.extend({
    template: "index",
    model: Theme,
    itemView: ThemeView,
    collection: Themes,
    itemViewContainer: "#themes",

    serializeData: function() {
      return this.data;
    }
  });

  QuickSearchView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: "#quickSearch",

    events: {
      "keyup input": "search"
    },

    search: function(event) {
      var searchTerm;
      searchTerm = this.$("input").val().trim();
      MyApp.vent.trigger("quickSearch:term", searchTerm);
    }
  });

  ItemPerPageView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: "#itemPerPage",

    events: {
      "change select": "count"
    },

    count: function(event) {
      var count;
      count = this.$("select").val();
      MyApp.vent.trigger("itemPerPage:count", count);
    }
  });

  PagerView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: ".pager",

    events: {
      "click #next": "next",
      "click #previous": "previous",
      "click #first": "first",
      "click #last": "last"
    },

    first: function(event) {
      MyApp.vent.trigger("pager:first");
    },

    last: function(event) {
      MyApp.vent.trigger("pager:last");
    },

    next: function(event) {
      MyApp.vent.trigger("pager:next");
    },

    previous: function(event) {
      MyApp.vent.trigger("pager:previous");
    }
  });

  Datagrid.initializeLayout = function() {
    var collection;

    Datagrid.layout = new Layout();

    Datagrid.layout.on("show", function() {
      MyApp.vent.trigger("layout:rendered");
    });

    MyApp.content.show(Datagrid.layout);

    collection = new Themes();
    collection.fetch();

    collection.on("reset", function() {
      return Datagrid.layout.grid.show(new ThemesView({
        collection: collection
      }));
    });
  };

  MyApp.vent.on("layout:rendered", function() {
    var itemPerPageView, pagerView, quickSearchView;

    quickSearchView = new QuickSearchView();
    Datagrid.layout.quickSearch.attachView(quickSearchView);

    itemPerPageView = new ItemPerPageView();
    Datagrid.layout.itemPerPage.attachView(itemPerPageView);

    pagerView = new PagerView();
    Datagrid.layout.pager.attachView(pagerView);
  });

  return Datagrid;
})();

MyApp.addInitializer(function() {
  MyApp.Datagrid.initializeLayout();
});

$(document).ready(function() {
  return MyApp.start();
});

Edit 1:
Based on the answer given and my own ideas, I wrote a first draft of a solution. I did not succeed to write a real reusable component but I have a solution that consolidate my code. Some part need to be refactored and improved. There are also some pitfals that I want to solve in a later refactoring.
To add some context, the application is written with Rails as the backend. So there is my javascript folder structure
assets
|--javascripts
   |--application.js
   |--admin
      |--admin.js
      |--admin.layout.js
      |--subthemes
         |--admin.subtheme.controller.js
         |--admin.subtheme.view.js
      |--themes
         |--admin.theme.controller.js
         |--admin.theme.view.js
|--templates
   |--admin
      |--subthemes
         |--index.hamlc
         |--subtheme.hamlc
      |--themes
         |--index.hamlc
         |--theme.hamlc
   |--layouts
      |--grid.hamlc

First, the application.js start. The assets pipelines from Rails 3.2 will prepare the dependencies as expected:
//= require underscore
//= require backbone
//= require backbone.marionette
//= require_tree ./lib/backbone
//= require hamlcoffee
//= require i18n
//= require i18n/translations
//= require_tree ../templates/
//= require_tree ./admin
//= require_tree ./admin/theme
//= require_tree ./admin/subtheme

I18n.defaultLocale = "en";

Backbone.Marionette.Renderer.render = function(template, data) {
  if (!JST[template]) {
    throw "Template '" + template + "' not found!";
  }
  return JST[template](data);
};

$(document).ready(function() {
  return MyApp.start();
});

Now, we can prepare the admin part to start:
var AdminRouter, TempView;

// Create the application for admin part
MyApp.Admin = new Backbone.Marionette.Application();

// Define a router to handle the grid collection type change
AdminRouter = Backbone.Marionette.AppRouter.extend({
  initialize: function() {
    var _this = this;

    // Route quite generic to easily change the data in the grid
    this.route(/^admin\/(.*?)$/, "changeCollection");

    // Manage event to handle the navigation on client side
    MyApp.Admin.vent.on("admin:navigate", function(link) {
      _this.navigate(link, {
        trigger: true
      });
    });
  },

  // Trigger an event to change the collection if one exist for the URL
  changeCollection: function(collectionName) {
    MyApp.Admin.vent.trigger("grid:collection:change", collectionName);
  }
});

// Side menu that allows changing the collection in the data grid
SideMenuView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
  el: ".side-menu",

  events: {
    "click a": "handleClick"
  },

  // Prevent the normal behavior on the link click
  handleClick: function(event) {
    event.preventDefault();
    MyApp.Admin.vent.trigger("admin:navigate", $(event.target).attr("href"));
  }
});

// Add the initializer to the main application to prepare the admin part (grid)
MyApp.addInitializer(function() {
  new SideMenuView();
  new AdminRouter();
  Backbone.history.start({
    pushState: true
  });
  MyApp.Admin.start();
});

Then we can define the datagrid part:
// This the grid layout module in the admin namespace
MyApp.Admin.module("GridLayout", function(GridLayout, Admin, Backbone, Marionette, $, _) {
  var ItemPageSelectorView, Layout, PagerView, QuickSearchView;

  // The quick search view handle the related fields to do the quick search
  QuickSearchView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: ".gridQuickSearch",

    events: {
      "keyup input": "search"
    },

    // Get the field content and trigger an event with it
    search: function(event) {
      var searchTerm;
      searchTerm = $(event.target).val().trim();
      $("input", this.$el).val(searchTerm);
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:quickSearch:term", searchTerm);
    }
  });

  // The item page selecto handle the choice of how many rows should be displayed per page
  ItemPageSelectorView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: ".gridItemPageSelector",

    events: {
      "change select": "count"
    },

    // Get the number of items per page that should be displayed
    count: function(event) {
      var count;
      count = $(event.target).val();
      $("select", this.$el).val(count);
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:itemPageSelector:count", count);
    }
  });

  // The pager view manage the view components to change the page shown in the data grid
  PagerView = Backbone.Marionette.View.extend({
    el: ".gridPager",

    events: {
      "click #next": "next",
      "click #previous": "previous",
      "click #first": "first",
      "click #last": "last",
      "click #page": "page"
    },

    //
    // The following functions triggers events to go to the right pages
    //
    first: function(event) {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:pager:first");
    },

    previous: function(event) {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:pager:previous");
    },

    page: function(event) {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:pager:page");
    },

    next: function(event) {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:pager:next");
    },

    last: function(event) {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:pager:last");
    }
  });

  // The grid layout with the regions to display the different part of the data grid
  Layout = Backbone.Marionette.Layout.extend({
    template: "layouts/grid",

    regions: {
      gridTable: "#gridTable",
      gridQuickSearch: ".gridQuickSearch",
      gridItemPageSelector: ".gridItemPageSelector",
      gridPager: ".gridPager"
    }
  });

  // Once the layout is rendered, the different views are attached to the right regions
  Admin.vent.on("grid:layout:rendered", function() {
    var itemPageSelectorView, pagerView, quickSearchView;

    quickSearchView = new QuickSearchView();
    Admin.gridLayout.gridQuickSearch.attachView(quickSearchView);

    itemPageSelectorView = new ItemPageSelectorView();
    Admin.gridLayout.gridItemPageSelector.attachView(itemPageSelectorView);

    pagerView = new PagerView();
    Admin.gridLayout.gridPager.attachView(pagerView);
  });

  // Initializer to do at the application start
  GridLayout.addInitializer(function() {
    Admin.addRegions({
      content: ".content-box"
    });

    Admin.gridLayout = new Layout();

    // Trigger the rendered event when the grid layout is shown
    Admin.gridLayout.on("show", function() {
      Admin.vent.trigger("grid:layout:rendered");
    });

    // Manage the collection data change
    Admin.vent.on("grid:collection:change", function(collectionName) {
      // Close the previous view in the grid table region
      Admin.gridLayout.gridTable.close();

      // Trigger an event to fetch the collection
      Admin.vent.trigger("" + collectionName + ":collection:fetch");

      // Show the grid layout if not already done
      if (!this.shown) {
        this.shown = true;
        Admin.content.show(Admin.gridLayout);
      }
    });
  });

  return GridLayout;
});

We are done on the structural code. Now we can go to one of the controller. For example, the ThemeController:
MyApp.Admin.module("ThemeController", function(ThemeController, Admin, Backbone, Marionette, $, _) {
  // Define the model to use in the collection
  ThemeController.Theme = Backbone.Model.extend();

  // Define the collection with the related url on the server. The collection extends a paginated collection that has the methods to manage the quick search and the pagination
  ThemeController.Themes = Backbone.ExtendedCollection.paginatedCollection.extend({
    url: "/admin/themes",

    model: ThemeController.Theme,

    initialize: function() {
      var _this = this;

      //
      // The following functions handle the events for the quick search and pagination
      //

      Admin.vent.on("grid:quickSearch:term", function(term) {
        _this.quickSearch(term);
      });

      Admin.vent.on("grid:itemPageSelector:count", function(count) {
        _this.perPage(count);
      });

      Admin.vent.on("grid:pager:previous", function() {
        _this.previous();
      });

      Admin.vent.on("grid:pager:next", function() {
        _this.next();
      });

      Admin.vent.on("grid:pager:first", function() {
        _this.first();
      });

      return MyApp.Admin.vent.on("grid:collection:fetched", function() {
        Admin.gridLayout.gridTable.show(new Admin.ThemeView.Table({
          collection: _this
        }));
      });
    }
  });

  // At the application initilization, we need to be sure this controller can
  // handle the event to fetch the data from the server
  Admin.addInitializer(function() {
    Admin.vent.on("themes:collection:fetch", function() {
      ThemeController.themes = new ThemeController.Themes();

      // Once the data are fetched from the server, trigger an event to display them
      ThemeController.themes.fetch({
        success: function() {
          Admin.vent.trigger("grid:collection:fetched");
        }
      });
    });
  });
});

And finally the views for the previous controller:
MyApp.Admin.module("ThemeView", function(ThemeView, Admin, Backbone, Marionette, $, _) {
  // The view to show one item in a row of the data grid
  ThemeView.Item = Backbone.Marionette.ItemView.extend({
    tagName: "tr",
    template: "admin/themes/theme",
    model: Admin.ThemeController.Theme
  });

  // The view to show the collection of item
  ThemeView.Table = Backbone.Marionette.CompositeView.extend({
    template: "admin/themes/index",
    model: Admin.ThemeController.Theme,
    itemView: ThemeView.Item,
    collection: Admin.ThemeController.Themes,
    itemViewContainer: "#themes",

    // ! I was force to add this to have data in the original format that is used by my templates !
    serializeData: function() {
      return this.data;
    }
  });
});

Remark: The subtheme controller and view files contains exactly the same kind of codes. Only templates and kind of stuffs differ.
The grid layout in HAML compiled through Rails assets pipeline looks like:
.gridPager
  %button#first= "<<"
  %button#previous= "<"
  %button#next= ">"
  %button#last= ">>"

%span.gridItemPageSelector= "Item per page"
  %select
    %option= 5
    %option= 10
    %option{"value" => -1}= "All"

%span.gridQuickSearch= "Quick search:"
  %input#gridSearchTerm{"type" => "text"}

#gridTable

%span.gridItemPageSelector= "Item per page"
  %select
    %option= 5
    %option= 10
    %option{"value" => -1}= "All"

%span.gridQuickSearch= "Quick search:"
  %input#gridSearchTerm{"type" => "text"}

.gridPager
  %button#first= "<<"
  %button#previous= "<"
  %button#next= ">"
  %button#last= ">>"

As you can see, there is quite a lot of repetition. I wanted to have quick search and pagination on top and bottom of my grid. At the moment, the simplest way to do that is to duplicate the code. I will change that later when I will find how to do that.
The template for table that shows the themes:
%table.table.table-striped
  %thead
    %tr
      %th= "Id"
      %th= "Name"
  %tbody#themes

Quite simple and nothing special to say. At this time, the headers are hardcoded !
And finally, the item view template to show a theme:
%td= this.id
%td= this.name

This template is realy simple.
I am in a situation were that is pretty well working. For example, when I click on other links to change the collection shown, the quick search fields and kind stuff like that are not reinitialized. For that, I wanted to add a sort of state management to keep trace of the collection state and when come back to an already shown collection, I want to show it as it was previously.
I am sure that my solution is not perfect and could be refactored a lot. I also probably did a lot of "newbie" mistakes. So feel free to challenge my proposition. I try to learn and improve my solution and hope it will help someone to do something like that.

A: Well I'm not a big expert but that's how I did it, using Marionette and Requirejs:
a) I created a generic Grid Layout wiew that is called by my approuter with some parameter like collection, cols config (I render the table head with a each cycle) and a row view:
showUsers: function(){

    require(['views/GridGen','collections/user_collection'], function(Grid, UserCollection){

        var Users = new UserCollection();

        App.grid = new Grid({collection: Users ,
                             rowView: 'rowUser',
                             cols_config: App.tables.users});

        App.page.show(App.grid);

    });
},

b) in my Grid Layout I render the various pieces waiting for the onShow event:
var Grid = Backbone.Marionette.Layout.extend({

regions: {
            top_controls: "#top_controls",
            table_view: "#table_view",
            pagination_controls: "#pagination_controls",
            bottom_controls: "#bottom_controls",
         },

onShow: function(){
    this.renderTable(this.collection);
},

renderTable: function(collection){

    collection.fetch({success:function(){

          require(['views/'+self.options.rowView+'.js'],function(iView){

                   var vista = new View({collection: collection, itemView: iView, thead: self.options.cols_config});

                   App.grid.table_view.show(vista);

                   self.renderPagination(collection);

                   collection.pager();
               });
          }});
}

c) my generic Table View take the cols and the itemView to render as parameter like this:
var View = Backbone.Marionette.CompositeView.extend({

initialize: function(){
        this.itemView = this.options.itemView;
},
serializeData: function(){
        var data = Backbone.Marionette.ItemView.prototype.serializeData.apply(this, arguments);
        data.thead = this.options.thead;
        return data;
},
appendHtml: function(collectionView, itemView, index){
        collectionView.$("tbody").append(itemView.el);
},

That's just a general idea, I don't think it's the best way to do it but I didn't find a better solution yet, hope to give you at least some hints :)

A: I highly recommend the backgrid component which is extensible and reusable out of the box.
Only at version 0.2.6 - but good following and its pretty slick

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Our convenient location in the tranquil Wildwoods area, right next to the Wildwoods Park, means you can walk to the nearby Kings Point Square for a quick shopping spree. Plus, you'll be minutes away from the Liberty Court Shopping Center, the Woodholme Golf Course, and the Northwest Hospital. Offering easy access to Owings Mills Blvd and Liberty Road, our community also keeps you close to all the shopping, dining, and entertainment that nearby Baltimore, Owings Mills, and Pikesville have to offer.
Go take a look at our photo gallery to check out our tasteful apartments in Randallstown, and don't forget to drop by for a visit to get to know us better!


text:
Edwards Point is a 4 km long sand spit extending southwards between Swan Bay and Port Phillip Bay, at the eastern end of the Bellarine Peninsula, Victoria, Australia.  It is about 115 km by road south-west of Melbourne and 40 km east of Geelong.

The township of St Leonards lies at its northern end.  With Duck Island and Swan Island it forms the part-barrier that separates Swan Bay from Port Phillip.

Edwards Point Wildlife Reserve
The spit is entirely included within the Edwards Point Wildlife Reserve, established in March 1971 to protect the vegetation communities and fauna of the area.  These communities include the last remaining stand of coastal woodland on the Bellarine Peninsula, saltmarsh and beach.  The adjacent Swan Bay contains extensive areas of intertidal mudflats that are important for waterbirds and migratory waders.  The end of the spit is a high tide roost for waders.

The spit is part of the Swan Bay and Port Phillip Bay Islands Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International.  Birds of conservation significance for which the area is known include the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot as well as the little tern, fairy tern, eastern curlew, Lewin's rail and white-bellied sea-eagle. It has also supported over 1% of the Australian population of four wader species: grey plover, Pacific golden plover, double-banded plover and eastern curlew.

References

External links
 Swan Bay Environment Association

Port Phillip
Nature reserves in Victoria (Australia)
Bellarine Peninsula
Headlands of Victoria (Australia)
Important Bird Areas of Victoria (Australia)
1971 establishments in Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Did you know that English one-sheets and some other sizes were not created to be used in England?
I have strongly suspected for decades that English one-sheets (and some other sizes of English movie posters) were not created to be used in England, but were actually made to be used in other English speaking countries (primarily Canada, Australia, South Africa, and the U.S., when the U.S. did not make its own one-sheet).
Why did I think this? Because I have been consigned literally millions of movie posters from every corner of the globe, and I noticed that whenever I would be consigned movie posters from England they would almost NEVER include English one-sheets, but instead included British Quads, and that when I DID get consigned English one-sheets, they almost always came from the above four countries (Canada, Australia, South Africa, and the U.S.), and that I almost NEVER received British Quads from any of those four countries. In addition, I have not encountered English collectors who can tell me they saw English one-sheets on display at their English cinemas.
And that made perfect sense! All of those four countries had their own one-sheets, so theaters could easily display English one-sheets in the same display cases or frames, but none had a size like a British Quad, so they couldn't display those. And in addition, the U.S. had three-sheets, six-sheets and 24 sheets, so it made sense to make those for English movies to export to the U.S. (although oddly, they called them by double the U.S. names, six-sheets, 12-sheets, and 48-sheets, and they made them slightly larger, likely having to do with the English printing presses at that time).
But I never had absolute proof of this, until I was consigned a 1949 English pressbook for Hamlet, which contains the "smoking gun" proving this, in the form of two pages reproduced below! It confirms what I wrote above. It has two pages in the back, and one is labeled "POSTERS FOR UNITED KINGDOM AND EIRE", and that page shows the British quad, the door panel, and the English half-sheet. The facing page is labeled "POSTERS FOR OVERSEAS", and it shows the English one-sheet, six-sheet, 12-sheet, and 24-sheet!
So now we know for sure that, after World War II, British Quads, English door panels, and English half-sheets were made for use in the "United Kingdom and Eire", and that English one-sheets, six-sheets, 12-sheets, and 24-sheets were made for use "overseas"!
Well done Bruce! Great detective work.
Interestingly a 3 sheet was not mentioned on the Hamlet English press book. I have seen examples of where they were used overseas in the 1950s.
Bruce mentioned English one sheets were mainly consigned to him from Canada, South Africa, America and Australia. I can't vouch for South Africa, but Canada and the USA in the 1950s had Rank Organisation distribution offices set up in these two countries, where the various posters would have been sent to. Australia was an exception in that BEF released and produced their own posters for Rank product in the 1950s. I believe the posters consigned from Australia were originally used in New Zealand where Rank Film Distributors ( N.Z. ) Ltd., Lion Film Distributors ( N. Z. ) Ltd. and other New Zealand film distributors. used the British posters there. New Zealand was an interesting country were film posters, used in distribution there, were originally printed in Australia, the U.K. U.S.A., and actually some were printed in New Zealand.
Great stuff, Bruce! Thanks for sharing!
But it raises a different question concerning US printed international 1 sheets. These also went to English speaking countries, but if the British 1 sheet didn't get used, that would mean a very limited market. Further, is there any example of a US printed quad out there? It would seem that the parallel situation existed for US produced but limited release films.
This poster is sometimes described as an English International one sheet, but I'm not convinced. All the English one sheets I've found in Aust have been for English-made films. Is there some other evidence?


text:
Juan de Ajuriaguerra Ochandiano (né le  à Bilbao et mort le  à Ayegui, en Navarre) est un homme politique espagnol.

Biographie
Il est le leader du Parti nationaliste basque et son président en exil sous la dictature franquiste. Lors de la restauration de la démocratie en Espagne, il est le président du comité mixte chargé du transfert des pouvoirs au gouvernement basque et député à l'Assemblée législative constituante.

Notes et références

Personnalité politique espagnole de la Seconde République
Personnalité du Parti nationaliste basque
Exilé du franquisme en France
Député espagnol de la législature constituante
Personnalité liée à Bilbao
Naissance en août 1903
Naissance à Bilbao
Décès en août 1978
Décès en Navarre
Décès à 75 ans


Joint Management Entrance Test (JMET) is the first step in the process of seeking admission to the Post-Graduate Programmes in Management offered by IISc Bangalore, IIT Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Madras and IIT Roorkee. Welcome to the JMET Coaching Section. In this section you will find top and best JMET coaching institutes, centres and classes for JMET exam, colleges that accept, accepting Jmet score, require JMET in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Roorkee and other places in India, JMET sample test papers, results and articles.


Like this idea. Flying a golden warbird/jav because you're #1 sounds pretty awesome too. Silver for top 5.
Yeah that's fun. Hunt the shiny jav !!
I think it's a good idea too. I'm sure there is a reason why it can't be done though, even if that reason is as simple as the fact that there is only 1 developer and they've given everything to this project already. Would be great to see though, and is one of my SS2 dream features. The ship skins that is.
Update: the bug I mentioned above (regarding lagout eliminations) still has not been rectified 2 weeks later.
1). Once you hit 100% confidence it seems nearly impossible to move through the rankings, it slows to a complete crawl, and by then you aren't truly rewarded for being active, or even winning. For example you could win 3 games in a row against 7 people, and you might only move up 1 rating per round despite being ranked #40 or something. When the people in front of you have 700 more rating, it feels quite pointless.
2). I've seen some of the higher ranked players like Steadman WIN elim games, and then LOSE rating points, which seems a bit broken.
Re: bug, yeah, mild RSI/carpal tunnel acting up (do your stretches, kids), haven't been coding or typing as much to give the wrist a rest. I checked it out before and it didn't immediately pop out. But, found the cause I believe, should be fixed after next reboot.
1) That's known as ELO hell (roughly speaking ... it's slightly different in our case). There's not much that can be done about it, except maybe having 100% confidence reached at a higher number of games, or having 100% confidence calculated based on the median of the most active 20 or so players. (Only difficulty there is that confidence is calculated on a logarithmic rather than linear scale currently. Could go back to linear, though it's quite janky for low # of games played.) That would possibly reward activity over skill. It's hard to find the perfect balance. We are also looking at ratings decay for inactive players for next season. And I still need to add the one week cutoff, where you just aren't on the ladder if you're inactive for one week.
2) Unfortunately even going 10-0 1v1 against a low-rated player will lose you rating if you are a well-rated player. This is inherent in almost any formula that folds the skill of the enemy into it. We could look at basing the rating less on the skill of the players involved. That does make it more open to being gamed, though. Other games deal with this by matchmaking, so that Steadman just wouldn't get matched against players who are so far beneath his skill. But we don't have that luxury. One plan to offset this is to make streaks exponential in terms of reward. Haven't played enough with the numbers though. Bottom line is we'd really need to get away from average enemy rating to fix this, which opens up the problem of quite easily gaming/feeding ratings during the slow times.
There's a link to the editable ratings spreadsheet in !rh if you want to play with numbers a bit.
That's known as ELO hell (roughly speaking ... it's slightly different in our case). There's not much that can be done about it, except maybe having 100% confidence reached at a higher number of games, or having 100% confidence calculated based on the median of the most active 20 or so players. (Only difficulty there is that confidence is calculated on a logarithmic rather than linear scale currently. Could go back to linear, though it's quite janky for low # of games played.) That would possibly reward activity over skill. It's hard to find the perfect balance. We are also looking at ratings decay for inactive players for next season. And I still need to add the one week cutoff, where you just aren't on the ladder if you're inactive for one week.
I'm not against the linear scale idea, but I wasn't necessarily suggesting it need be COMPLETELY activity based either. If you're a great player, I don't see why you should have to prove you are over and over again constantly. Also, my issue isn't necessarily that it's too skill based, it's that it's specifically too skill based for the games that you build to the 100% confidence rating, and then not truly counting the games played afterwards.
In terms of the Elim "season" there's already almost no reason to play if you're already at your 100% confidence the way it is now. For example, if Zidane never plays another Elim match, he will likely win this season completely unchallenged for Javelin, except maybe by the person ranked #2.
On the flip side a player like me who is ranked lower, has a 0% chance of even breaking into the top 10, even if i'm extremely active, and the "winningest" player of all time.
It's not necessarily a bad thing, but those needles aren't moving.
If that's the way it was meant to be designed, feel free to ignore this message. But then the Elim season might as well only be a couple weeks long rather than 2-3 months.
Otherwise, I think there needs to be slightly more incentive to keep playing for the entire season, and I already see the numbers heavily dwindling.


text:
Q: display file instead of RSC version Whenever I try to open a custom file to a textbox or something which will display code. it never works, I'm not sure what I am doing wrong.
I want my program to display what is inside the file when I open it, I have this below:
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //Show Dialogue and get result
        Stream myStream = null;
        OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();

        openFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = "c:\\";
        openFileDialog1.Filter = "rbt files (*.rbt)|*.rbt|All files (*.*)|*.*";
        openFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 2;
        openFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;

        if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
        {
            try
            {
                if ((myStream = openFileDialog1.OpenFile()) != null)
                {
                    using (myStream)
                    {
                        File.WriteAllText("", CodeBox.Text);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("RBT7 file open");
            }
        }
    }

It only displays the RBT7 in a messagebox which is not what I want, I want the file to open and display its information to some sort of textbox which displays code.

A: Please read the documentation for File.WriteAllText.
The first parameter:
path: The file to write to.
You're passing it "". That is not a path. Are you trying to write all the text from the file into CodeBox.Text or write all the text from CodeBox.Text into a file?
In your comment, you indicate the former. Try this:
string[] lines = System.IO.File.ReadAllLines(@"your file path");
foreach (string line in lines)
{
    CodeBox.Text += line;
}

You haven't shown the code for CodeBox so I can't guarantee the results of this.

A: Try this:
Replace this code
            if ((myStream = openFileDialog1.OpenFile()) != null)
            {
                using (myStream)
                {
                    File.WriteAllText("", CodeBox.Text);
                }
            }

with this
{
    CodeBox.Text = File.ReadAllText(openFileDialog1.FileName);
}


GeoPool has a long experience in hyperspectral mapping. With our ASD TerraSpec® we have run projects in many parts of the world in Asia, Africa and Europe. We are able to measure 1200-1700 meter of drill core each day depending on circumstances on site.
Hyperspectral mapping is a cost efficient and fast exploration tool. Fine grained alteration minerals that are difficult to differentiate by bare eyes can rapidly be detected with our spectrometer. Even minor chemical or crystalline variations is distinguishable e.g. variations in Fe/Mg compositions in chlorite or biotite and crystallinity variations in kaolinite. Hyperspectral mapping is a non-destructive method and the results from a study are easy to understand. The raw data from our study can always be used in your own GIS and 3D software. The method is usable in many types of deposits e.g. epithermal and porphyry systems, skarns, kimberlites, VMS deposits and IOCG´s.
By plotting geochemical assays and minerals obtained from spectral data, we can detect and visualize the alteration system in your project area. A certain mineral or a certain wavelength of a mineral might correlate with the mineralization. The more data is collected for the study (proximal and distal), the better and more accurate will the model be. This very valuable information can be used to orientate future drilling and to localize new ore bodies. To the right is an example of a cross section, showing how short wavelength biotite correlates with gold.
1) On site – we visit your core shed and run the measurements together with your crew.
2) In our logging facility – ship your samples to us! The samples can be drill core, grab samples or crushed material.
If you are interested in hyperspectral mapping and would like to test it on your drill core, don't hesitate to contact us!


We're linking up design team blogs instead of the individual bloggers blogs... So you only have to make 8 hops, and you'll get to see about 57 cards! This is our first time doing this, so we'd love to hear what you think!
Some of the design teams will be offering up blog candy, and if you'd like to be eligible for the grand prize, you must follow all the design team blogs and comment on all the posts.
Some additional goodies will also be awarded....And some of our stops will have some great candy as well! Quick Quotes is offering a $450 prize at their stop. In order to be eligible for the grand prize, you need to follow all of the blogs, and comment on each DT post in the hop, and leave a comment at www.craftycardgallery.blogspot.com. The grand prize winner will be selected randomly from the comments there.
You've only made 5 stops so far but you've seen a lot of cards!
By the way, don't forget to link-up in this week's LINK-UP PARTY. Click here to go link-up your recent creations!
I am SO SORRY everyone!! I feel terrible about the lack of posts recently on my blog. I hate giving excuses, but at least you will understand what is going on with me. I am still feeling very sick, and I have been traveling all over the place. Now, I am in Florida visiting my husband's family. Our little girl is loving the swimming pool which we are in at least once a day!!
Here are the favorites from this week's link-up party. Make sure to click through the pictures and go give these wonderful ladies some love!
DON'T FORGET TO ENTER MY GIVEAWAY. CLICK HERE. You have a pretty good chance of winning, since there are only 2 entries right now! The giveaway ends on July 15th at 11:59pm.
Also, this Thursday is the next Design Team Day. Fun fun!!!
**We won't have a link-up party this week, but we will start up again next week.


NCEA should allow all learners to achieve their full potential. But some still face barriers to achieving an NCEA, including a lack of support for their learning needs, financial barriers to entry, or a lack of curriculum materials. This opportunity explores three ways we can improve access, but we also want to hear from you about what else could be done.
NCEA is designed to allow all students to achieve their full potential. But some still face barriers to achieving an NCEA. Barriers can include a lack of support to address their learning needs, financial barriers or a lack of curriculum materials.
This opportunity explores making Special Assessment Conditions (SAC) more accessible. SAC provides practical help, under special rules, to ensure all students have an equal shot at success.
We've heard there are gaps in curriculum resources in some areas. This can mean that some teachers have to design programmes from scratch, without the benefit of exemplars, sample programmes or examples of assessments.
Currently, all students must pay annual NCEA fees of $76.70 to get their award. We would remove the requirement for learners and their families to pay NCEA fees. We would also remove Scholarship entry fees. This would end the issue of learners not receiving their NCEA because they weren't able to pay fees and could improve access to Scholarship for learners in low-decile schools.
What are the major barriers to accessing NCEA?
How can technology help improve access to NCEA for all students?
How else could NCEA be changed to remove barriers to success?


DoorGets is a free and open source content management system that allows the users to create a collaborative website with versioning of all contents you have.
Shipped with 20 languages included, 17 responsive themes, 12 modules and 4 widgets.
You can learn more about DoorGets from the DoorGets website.
In this tutorial we'll learn how to install doorGets on Ubuntu 14.04. We will also install and configure its prerequisites.
Before we install doorGets, let's update the system to the latest update.
After applying latest update to our base system, Lets's start installing Apache 2 and the required libraries.
We can also check whether Apache 2 is listening and on which port using command below.
We will install and use MySQL 5.6 as the database server for doorGets.
Remove the anonymous user to improve security. This will make sure people or application have correct username and password to login to MySQL. Answer with Y.
Now we have a secure MySQL installation, time to create database and user for doorgets itself.
Login to MySQL using root credential.
The database for doorgets is ready, let's create a username and password and grant privileges to doorgets database.
Don't forget to change the password doorgets123secret below with better password.
We need to run FLUSH PRIVILEGES command so that the privileges table will be reloaded by MySQL and we can use new credential.
The last component that we have to install before we can install doorgets is PHP 5. We will install PHP 5 and several common PHP libraries.
Restart Apache 2 process so the changes will be applied.
All prerequisites are already installed. We're ready to install doorgets. The latest stable version of doorgets is available via the doorGets download page.
At the time of this writing, the latest stable version is version 7.0, let's download the doorgets compressed file using wget.
Change ownership of doorgets directory to www-data user and group.
The doorgets files are now ready, next let's create Apache Virtual Host configuration to serve doorgets.
Create new apache configuration file on /etc/apache2/sites-available/doorgets.conf with contents below.
Don't forget to change doorgets.exampleserver.xyz above with the domain name that you use for your doorgets installation.
We also need to enable mod_rewrite for DoorGets.
Now open Doorgets URL, we will be redirected to DoorGets Setup Wizard. Choose your installation language and timezone.
Now input database name and credetials we already created on previous step.
Input your administration Email and password.
Input administrator email and password.
After successful login we will go to doorGets admin dashboard.
A secure connection is now a requirement for web application. The last step that we will do in this tutorial is changing the connection to only use https. We assume that you already have SSL certificate and private key.
We will also disable doorgets http only virtual host and enable the new virtual host config.
We need to change the config file. Open config/config.php.
Now when we access our doorGets site we will always use the https connection.
In this tutorial we learned how to install doorgets on Ubuntu 14.04.
We installed all the prerequisites, created a user and database on MySQL for doorGets and also configured Apache 2 virtual hosts to be able to serve doorgets. We also configured https settings for doorgets so we run doorGets securely, this increases people''s confidence in performing a transaction on our e-store.


Toss in the shrimp and immediately season with the taco seasoning. Sauté the shrimp just until each piece has started to turn pink, about 2 minutes. Remove from heat.
In a large bowl, combine the lettuce, shrimp, tomatoes, jalpeño, red onion, cilantro, avocado, salt, and lime juice, and mix until the salad is well-combined.
Serve with tortilla strips, if desired.
I made this with no changes to the recipe - very tasty, but want to try it again with bacon pieces.
I added a lot more avocado !! It was delicious !


Gravity Flight Tower Are you brave enough to launch yourself from 19.5m on 'The Drop'?
Are you brave enough for our indoor and outdoor height challenges?
XHeight is the ultimate indoor climbing challenge at Salt Ayre Leisure Centre. Made up of 18 exhilarating panels in a range of themes, including Fireman's Rescue, The Race and Galaxia.
Our fantastic Gravity multi-level tower is a must for adrenaline junkies, with six possible descent options including zip line and free fall. Are you brave enough to jump from the 19.5m apex, 'The Drop'?
The ultimate indoor climbing challenge!
Europe's first outdoor flight tower!


We can arrange a safari based on your needs and for every suitable budget. Think about taking a canoe trip in Arusha NP, enjoy a walking safaris across Ngorongroro Crater or exploring Mto Wambu by bike.
To give you an idea what's possible we have some packages departing from Arusha or Kilimanjaro Airport.
Starting at 185 USD p.p.
Like to have the complete program?
Starting at 599 USD p.p.
Starting at 999 USD p.p.


text:
Granite Wash Pass is a gap between the Granite Wash Mountains and the Little Harquahala Mountains, in La Paz County, Arizona. Granite Wash Pass is located at the southwest end of the Granite Wash Mountains and the northwest end of the Little Harquahala Mountains. The apex of the pass is at an elevation of .

History
The Granite Wash Pass has been a route between the Colorado River and the interior of Arizona from November 1863 when teamsters Gird and Sage discovered a route what became the La Paz–Wikenburg Road through Granite Wash Pass. In the early years a waterhole, Granite Water existed within the pass.  The maps of the route in later years, Granite Water is no longer mentioned.
   Perhaps it was insufficient or had dried up. Granite Water might have been a temporary spring or waterhole created for a few years as a result of the extreme rainfall in Arizona by the storms that caused the Great Flood of 1862. Also stations for the stage lines like the one at Desert Station and the original watering place at Flint's had developed wells that provided more water.

Today the pass contains the Arizona and California Railroad line, as well as U.S. Route 60 in Arizona from Hope on the west side of the pass and Harcuvar, Arizona on the east.

References

Mountain passes of Arizona