text:
Chakvetadze upsets No. 4 Petrova at Pilot Pen
MIKE PUCCI
AP Anna Chakvetadze, of Russia, celebrates during the final game of her 0-6, 7-6(4), 6-4 upset victory over Nadia Petrova, also of Russia, in their first-round match at the Pilot Pen tennis tournament in New Haven on Sunday.AP
NEW HAVEN -- Anna Chakvetadze wasn't thinking about returning to the final of the Pilot Pen Tennis tournament, as she did last year, or even about a third set in her match against fellow Russian Nadia Petrova Sunday.
"Actually, I was thinking about how I was going to pack my stuff," Chakvetadze said, "and how I was going to go to New York (for the U.S. Open). But it didn't happen."
Chakvetadze dropped the first set against Petrova, at love, but rallied for a stunning, and thrilling, 0-6, 7-6 (4), 6-4 victory over the tournament's fourth seed in a first-round match on Stadium Court.
The turning point of the match might have come in the second game of the second set. Petrova, who had won the match's first seven games, was one point away from breaking Chakvetadze's serve to take a 2-0 lead in the second set. But Chakvetadze rallied to force deuce, and she eventually won the game, and the second set.
"The second set could've been a completely different score for me if I would win the second game of her service game, I (led) 15-40," Petrova said. "I, a little bit, hesitated, and then she passed me with a great shot at the net. I think when she got that game she thought like she was back in the match.
"Then I stopped going for my shots, and I started to back up a little bit. I wasn't as aggressive as I was in the beginning. I gave her some time to come back into the match. My shots weren't as hard, my shots were not as accurate, and she got herself into rallies, and that's what she likes. She likes the long rallies."
Chakvetadze, who lost to Denmark's Caroline Wozniacki in last year's final, doesn't remember that turn of events. She only remembers "the last game that I won" that secured the victory for the former top 5 player.
"I started very badly, and I had no chance like in the beginning set," Chakvetadze, 22, said. "I was just making mistake after mistake. Then I just tried to put some balls in and just try to make a longer rally. I just tried to fight for every point, and it worked well for me."
For the first time, the draw was increased from 28 to 32 participants, and the top 4 seeds did not get a first-round bye.
"I would rather have a bye," said Petrova, quietly, and with a devilish laugh. "That would give me a couple of more days of practice. It (having a bye) doesn't put you under such a big stress right from the beginning of the tournament. It's like a lottery right now. You can play a very good player right from the beginning, and that's what happened to me today."
After Petrova, ranked No. 12, cruised in the first set, and took a 1-0 lead in the second, it was beginning to feel like it would be an easy two-set victory for the two-time French Open semifinalist. But Petrova insists she wasn't reflecting on the quick start and was just attempting to win the match by playing her game.
"Thinking is the most dangerous thing in tennis," Petrova said. "As soon as you start thinking, then everything goes out of your hands. It's best not to think. If I take that second game in the second set, the second set would be pretty much similar to the first."
Chakvetadze has never lost to Petrova in five meetings. This was the second match between the two that went to a third set, and the first since their first meeting back in 2006. Chakvetadze had won the last three, prior to Sunday, in pretty easy fashion.
"Every time we play each other, it's a very difficult situation for me," Petrova said. "The previous time we played (in 2007), I was coming out of injuries, and I was not really playing good tennis this summer."
Petrova, who recently changed coaches, added: "I'm not really playing great tennis yet. Fortunately for her, I guess."
Chakvetadze suffered a series of early-round exits this year, and her ranking has fallen all the way to No. 48. She's failed to reach the quarterfinals at any event this season and had compiled just a 12-16 record heading into the Pilot Pen. Chakvetadze reached a career high of No. 5 in 2007, the year she won four titles. She is hoping for a lengthy run here before heading to the U.S. Open.
"Of course, every win is important for me right now," Chakvetadze said. "I'm just trying to do my best. I am practicing hard. I just want to get my confidence back."


text:
Q: Changing buttons' and pictureboxes' BackColor on all forms In my application I have got an option to customise display a bit. Basically, now it is about changing buttons' and pictureboxes' images, changing form icons etc. As you can see in the code I provided bellow. So, in this case, I have done this by simply loading a bunch of resources (images) and then when I change theme:
if (Properties.Settings.Default.Theme == "Purple")
{
    foreach (var form in Application.OpenForms.Cast<Form>())
    {
        form.Icon = Properties.Resources.Purple;
    }

    Main f1 = (Main)Application.OpenForms["Main"];
    Settings f2 = (Settings)Application.OpenForms["Settings"];

    f1.btn_Exit.Image = Properties.Resources.EXIT_purple;
    f2.btn_SaveSettings.Image = Properties.Resources.SaveSettings_purple;

    f1.pictureBox1.Image = Properties.Resources.Preview_purple;
}

This dramatically increases the size of the application, so I came up with changing BackColor instead of loading another images. I have tried to solve this in the following way:
if (Properties.Settings.Default.Theme == "Purple")
{
    foreach (var form in Application.OpenForms.Cast<Form>())
    {
        form.Icon = Properties.Resources.Purple;
    }

    Main f1 = (Main)Application.OpenForms["Main"];
    Settings f2 = (Settings)Application.OpenForms["Settings"];

    f1.btn_Exit.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(164, 57, 226);
    f2.btn_SaveSettings.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(164, 57, 226);

    f2.pictureBox1.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(164, 57, 226);
}

So, form icon should be changed on all running forms and I have managed to successfully do so, but when it comes to buttons and pictureboxes, I am not seeing any results, that is buttons and pictureboxes are simply not changing. Besides form icons, I should change btn_Exit located on the Main form, btn_SaveSettings located on the Settings form, and pictureBox1 located on the Settings form as well.
How can I solve this issue?

A: If it was me doing it I would make an interface. This interface would have a reference to the correct picture/icon/color for your different controls. The Settings for you application would hold an instance of the correct theme. Each form I would OnLoad update all the necessary items and call it a day. It's probably not the most elegant solution, but it would make it easy and quick when you go to add more themes.
This is what I was thinking about. I hope this clears up my approach.
public class Settings
{
    public static ITheme Theme {get {return theme;}{set theme = value}}

    theme = new DefaultTheme();
}
public interface ITheme
{
    public Color BackgroundColor {get;}
    public Color ButtonBackgroundColor { get;}

    //... etc
}
public class DefaultTheme : ITheme
{
    public Color BackgroundColor {get{ return Color.White;}}
    public Color ButtonBackgroundColor { get { return Color.Gray;}}

}

from here you have 2 approaches. Both require you to put a Event "OnLoad" If you have 1 or 2 forms maybe put this code each Form (not recommended) or you could use an extension like method.
here is first approach. put the code directly in each frame.
public class SaveFrame : Frame
{
    public SaveFrame()
    {
        InitializeComponents();
    }
    public Form_OnLoad()
    {
        var theme = Settings.Theme;

        this.Background = theme.BackgroundColor;
        foreach(Button b in this.Controls)
        {
            if(b != null)
                b.Background = theme.ButtonBackgroundColor;
        }
    }

}

or create an extension method. and put it in the OnLoad
public static class FormExtensions
{
    public static void UpdateTheme(this Form form, ITheme theme)
    {
        form.Background = theme.BackgroundColor;
        foreach(Button b in form.Controls)
        {
            if(b != null)
                b.Background = theme.ButtonBackgroundColor;
        }

    }
}
public class SaveFrame : Form
{
    public SaveFrame()
    {
        InitializeComponents();
    }
    public Form_OnLoad()
    {
        this.UpdateTheme(Settings.Theme);
    }
}
public class MainFrame :Form
{
    public MainFrame()
    {
        InitializeComponents();
    }
    public Form_OnLoad()
    {
        this.UpdateTheme(Settings.Theme);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A lot of people would answer Nikon when asked what kind of camera they most like to use when taking professional photographs. That's because the Nikon brand has managed to establish itself as one of the leading creators and developers of high-performance cameras, and with good reason. Nikon's dedication to provide people with many camera options that can satisfy their highest expectations shows in the number of cameras they have on the market. One such camera is the Nikon D3300, which we're going to talk about today. In our Nikon D3300 review, we're going to touch upon its main features, what makes it shine, and what could have been made better.
Naturally, the first thing we should discuss when it comes to a Nikon D3300 review is the way this camera performs. In this respect, the Nikon D3300 doesn't disappoint, especially if we were to compare it with its predecessor, the Nikon D3200, or with other competitors. If you're wondering how long it will take for you to power it on, focus on a particular subject and then shoot, the answer is about half a second, which is definitely impressive. Of course, the amount of time you'll have to wait also depends on whether or not you're shooting with the flash, whether it's dark outside or not, and so on.
When it comes to Live View, this takes much more to focus and shoot, which can be regarded as an obstacle by some people. Still, there are other things that make up for it, such as the fact that if you use your Nikon D3300 with a 95MB/sec SD card, you will get a 5.1fps burst, which is indeed amazing. We should also mention that its LCD is the same as in the case of older Nikon models, but this is a good thing, since it's visible even when the sun shines bright, and it also has a perfect size.
Next, let's focus our Nikon D3300 review on some of its most impressive features. First of all, whenever you take a picture, you can choose between the Easy Operation and Advanced Mode options. The Easy Operation one is similar to Auto and it provides you with a limited number of features that you can use. The Advanced Mode is more suitable for people who have more experience using this camera. This one suggests what settings would work best for the scenario you chose. Plus, it also allows you to edit those setting if you want to.
Another impressive feature is the Fn button that you can use to control ISO sensitivity, image quality, Active D-Lighting menus, or white balance. The SD card is not in its usual place, having been moved to a more convenient one, namely the grip-side location. Nikon also implemented the interactive display in this model, and we're loving it. You can now simply adjust the options by looking under the setting readout.
The Nikon D3300 looks almost identical to its predecessor. However, there are a couple of improvements that we should mention. For instance, it feels lighter and it's much easier to hold for longer periods of time, which can be a great plus if you're a professional photographer who takes pictures on a daily basis. Right on top of the grip, you'll notice the shutter button and the power switch, and three more buttons behind them. Those three buttons are a record one, an info display one, and an exposure compensation one. The back of the camera includes the Menu, Review, Zoom in, Zoom out, and "i" buttons.
Finally, we should mention that the Nikon D3300 also comes with a collapsible kit lens that you have to pay an extra $50 to get. Even if this could be an interesting addition for some people, it's absolutely not necessary to buy it if you just want to take high-quality pictures. You can do that just as well with the basic Nikon D3300 camera. Something that we wish we could see in this model is bracketing, both for flash exposure and simple exposure, but this is not an option that the D3300 has.
The most important pro that we should mention in our Nikon D3300 review is the image quality, which is really impressive. If you want your images to be full of details, then this is a great camera for you. Then, another pro is the fact that the ISO performance is very good, and the dynamic range as well. This camera has a high pixel count and a really great Guide Mode that is easy to use. When it comes to JPEGs, the Nikon D3300 has a really nice buffer capacity. Finally, some other things that impressed us were the uncompressed HDMI output, the 5fps continuous shooting rate, and the 1080/60p video.
While there aren't many significant cons that we can identify when testing the Nikon D3300, especially if we keep in mind its price, competitors, and target audience, there are a few things that we should mention under this category too. For instance, there's a lot of image noise that users are complaining about. Plus, there's no built-in Nikon D3300 WiFi, no AE bracketing, and a slow contrast-detect in Live View. When the natural light is not strong, you might have to struggle a bit more with taking a high-quality photo, and if the flash overheats, it will shut down. The automatic video autofocus could also be better, but this is not something that particularly bothers us.
Finally, we would say that the Nikon D3300 is one of the finest DSLRs for beginners, because it comes with great features and it's easy to use. Both compared to older Nikon models, and to several other competitors, the D3300 promises and delivers a lot of high-quality features for a really affordable price. We're definitely most impressed by the quality of the Nikon D3300 photos, and we're sure you're going to be as well, once you test it out.
We hope this Nikon D3300 review was useful to you. All in all, if you want to experiment with your first DSLR, we strongly recommend this one.


I must admit, when I first heard of a .45 caliber air rifle I was more than skeptical. In fact, I laughed at the possibility of an air rifle shooting a 131 grain .45 caliber round-ball. When I first unpacked the GAMO TC-45 a .45 caliber air rifle, my first thought was "This looks nothing like a rifle." The design was so different and unique it took me back. However, after giving the rifle a good looking over I realized that the engineers at GAMO did exactly what other gun manufacturers never do. They made a purely functional gun. No frills, no extras, just a simple gun that fires .45 caliber round balls at a blistering 900 FPS with more than 400-foot pounds of energy when shooting a 350-grain cast slug. When shooting the 131-grain round ball, the TC-45 is capable of generating 1,000 feet per second and 300 foot pounds of energy. This is no ordinary air rifle! Not by a long shot.
In fact, GAMO reports that when shooting the 131 or 138 grain pellets, the lethal range for this air rifle is 100 yards. That is extreme for any airgun.
Granted, 900 FPS may not sound like a strong candidate for anything, but when you consider that this gun is using only compressed air to launch a 350-grain cast .45 caliber bullet at that speed. It is more than impressive. My first encounter was shocking. I loaded the gun with a round ball. A simple easy to use cocking opened the breech, I dropped in a Hornady .45 caliber round ball and closed the breech. A quick glance to ensure the safety was engaged and I was ready to test fire the GAMO. My initial target was a steel drum I use to burn trash in. I thought, "let's see if this thing can bust through that drum." I shouldered the gun and fired. Not only did it blow through both sides of the drum, it made one impressive hole! I had to do it again, and again and again. I could not get enough of this air gun firing that lead ball at those speeds with that energy. Granted, shooting that heavy of a projectile uses a lot of air, the TC-45 can handle up to 5 shots before needing recharging. The 48CC carbon fiber air tank that is integrated into the stock can handle up to 250 BAR of air.
Why would anyone want a .45 caliber air rifle? That is a good question. As more and more states begin to limit the use of centerfire rifles for sporting activities air gun manufacturers have taken notice and pushed the limits of their rifles. Currently there are forty-nine states that allow the use of airguns for hunting. New Hampshire is the only state that does not allow airgun hunting in any form. In addition to this, eleven states allow the use of air guns for big game including whitetail deer and feral hogs. Some states like my home state of South Carolina does not have any caliber restrictions for hunting deer or hogs on private land. Meaning that anyone hunt deer with this gun. As one friend of mine said, "a .45 caliber rifle is a .45 caliber rifle, the bullet or the deer does not care what it was shot from." While this may be true, it is recommended that some practice and consistency be obtained prior to hunting with an air rifle or any other gun for that matter.
The GAMO TC-45 comes with its 440 CC carbon fiber air tank built into the stock, makes the balance and weight easily handled for such a large gun. Filling is done via a fitting on the stock. The drop lever opens the breech and a single .45 caliber round ball or cast bullet is dropped into the breech that is then closed. You are now ready. The model I tested comes with an integrated suppressor that is used to soften the report. The first shot was impressively loud for an airgun. But then again, I am comparing this to my pellet rifle of days gone by. This is a true rifle, not your kid's BB gun or pellet gun. This TC-45 from GAMO is deadly and a force to be reckoned with. It may not look like a typical rifle and that's precisely because it isn't. This is an airgun that is capable of knocking big game on its rear. Testing it in the field will be fun and challenging. There is no doubt in my mind the TC-45 is capable of handling the task at hand.


2006 Polaris 120 pro X. Purchased new from dealer in fall of '08. Ridden only in the back yard and barely ridden the past two seasons. Oil changed every season using royal purple synthetic oil only. Excellent shape no tears or rips; all parts are original and like new.


Those who are unstoppable are in their own world. They don't compete with anyone but themselves. You never know what they will do—only that you will be forced to respond. Even though they don't compete with you, they make you compete with them.
1. Don't think—know and act.
Most people stay close to the ground, where it's safe. If they fall, it won't hurt that bad. But when you choose to fly high, the fall may kill you. And you're OK with that. To you, there is no ceiling and there is no floor. It's all in your head. If something goes wrong—if you "fail"—you adjust and keep going.
11. Success isn't enough—it only increases the pressure.
You've heard it before: Running a marathon is far more mental than physical. A person's ability to run a marathon—or do anything hard—is more a reflection of their level of confidence than their actual ability.
When you surround yourself with people who remind you of your past, you'll have a hard time progressing. This is why we get stuck in certain roles, which we can't break free from (e.g., the fat kid or shy guy).
Anticipation of an event is always more extreme than the event itself—both for positive and negative events.
Being unstoppable means you genuinely want what's best for everyone—even those you would consider your competitors. Jealousy and envy are the ego—which operates out of fear.
Most people—even those you deem to be "world class"—are not operating at 10X. In truth, you could surpass anyone if you radically stretch your thinking and belief system.
"You need to aim beyond what you are capable of. You need to develop a complete disregard for where your abilities end. If you think you're unable to work for the best company in its sphere, make that your aim. If you think you're unable to be on the cover of TIME magazine, make it your business to be there. Make your vision of where you want to be a reality. Nothing is impossible." — Paul Arden, author of It's Not How Good You Are, It's How Good You Want to Be.
I know so many people who chase whatever worked for other people. They never truly decide what they want to do, and end up jumping from one thing to the next—trying to strike quick gold. And repetitively, they stop digging just a few feet from the gold after resigning the spot is barren.
You too can become unstoppable!
Benjamin Hardy married his dream girl, Lauren Alice. Together, they are the foster parents of three epic kids. Benjamin is pursuing his PhD in I/O Psychology at Clemson University. His research examines the psychological differences between entrepreneurs and wannabe entrepreneurs. His writing has been featured at Fortune, Fast Company, Inc., Success, Psychology Today, Huffington Post, Business Insider, Thought Catalog, New York Observer, and others. Click here to visit his website.


It's the feeling of your back being against a wall. No way out. This is the end, or at least the feeling of where you're going to be for a very long time on this journey with your child. For many of us, it's not what we signed up for when we began this journey. It's not anything close to what we envisioned parenthood (even parenting difficult children) to be like.
Even though we jumped in with two feet, eager to love children regardless of their story, their history, or how wounded they were, we find ourselves lost. We find ourselves feeling…well…like our back's are against a wall and there's no way our circumstances with our children are ever going to change.
Truth is…they may not. Let me get right to it…your circumstances with your child…my circumstances with my child…may not change anytime soon…or ever. She may live her entire life with extreme anxiety, and you may feel like a hostage in your own home for quite some time. He may constantly flip out and rage over the smallest detail, for the rest of his life. It's tragic, but true. Our backs may feel like they're up against a wall for a very, very long time. It's the reality of parenting children from hard places.
But I believe there is hope. I believe we can find hope in how we respond in these moments.
Remember. If you follow our blog or podcast, there's no doubt you've heard one of us say this before. Remembering your child's trauma history, the hard place they came from before coming to your home, the abuse, neglect, substance exposure, you name it, helps to re-gear your mind from frustration and anxiety to compassion and love. I'll be the first to admit it- I kinda sucked at this for a long time. With my oldest son, I allowed my frustration to take full control of me. He did something crazy, or aggressive, or frustrating, I would react in frustration. Sometimes, he wasn't even doing anything wrong and I would react in frustration. When I finally started to remember his past, and why he's overly anxious at times, it helped my heart and attitude toward him to change.
Love. This can be a hard one at times. You don't always feel love for this child, especially when they're holding your home, and you hostage. It's easy to forget the feeling you had when the agency first showed you their picture years ago. It's hard to remember those peaceful loving moments you sometimes share with them. Sometimes you have to remind yourself that you love them and that's okay. This is hard stuff. There's no one-size fits all protocol for loving a child from hard places. It's not a gimme. Sometimes you have to work to find love. Sometimes you have to remind yourself. But reminding yourself helps you respond differently.
Ask. This is you asking you, not you asking them. Although a powerful point of connection, often, is to ask your child, in the heat of the moment, "How can I help you?" Ask yourself what has happened in the past, what is happening now, or what is about to happen in the future that may be causing your child to behave the way he or she is behaving. These are questions you can ask yourself in the heat of the moment with your child. They help you to zoom out and see the entire landscape in a fraction of a second. They help you remember that there's more going on here with your child's behavior, words, and reaction.
Respond. Your response to your child's meltdown is crucial for de-escalation. Compassion, calm, self-regulation…they all hold hands with one another in the process of de-escalation. Often times it's our own emotions that cause added triggers for our children. I hate to say it but we can be the biggest triggers for them. Responding in calm tones, saying things like, "I would love to help you but first I need you to stop yelling at me…stop cussing at me…stop throwing things," can help to calm a child down. In fact, in those moments where I've felt like my back was against a wall, calmly asking a question like the one I just typed, helped me feel less trapped and more connected.
Here's what I want you to know. This is a journey, not a destination. If, at any point, you feel like you've arrived, you're thinking in terms of destination and disappointment is just around the corner. But if you remind yourself that you still have a long way to go with your child, that's journey-thinking, and the healthiest way to view your life and theirs.
There is hope friend. It's step-by-step, it's moment by moment, it's situation by situation. If nothing else, it's a reminder to remember….love…ask…and respond. We are right there with you.
Question: Have you often felt like your back is against the wall with your child? Share your story with us in the comment section below. You can leave a comment by clicking here.


Many church leaders in the 18th century wrote keyboard music, even if their job wasn't primarily musical. Charles Wesley is best known today for his hymn texts, but here we have one of his many keyboard works arranged for handbells. The 6/8 time signature provides an excellent opportunity for teaching compound meter.


text:
Discovering » Decoding
Stone Mystery in Sea of Galilee
(Tinmoitruong.vn) - A giant "monumental" stone structure discovered beneath the waters of the Sea of Galilee in Israel has archaeologists puzzled as to its purpose and even how long ago it was built.
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This circular structure, detected in a sonar survey of the Sea of Galilee, has archeologists baffled. The cone-shaped structure sits on the seafloor just south of the old city of Tiberias and was first discovered in the summer of 2003.
The mysterious structure is cone shaped, made of "unhewn basalt cobbles and boulders," and weighs an estimated 60,000 tons the researchers said. That makes it heavier than most modern-day warships.
Rising nearly 32 feet (10 meters) high, it has a diameter of about 230 feet (70 meters). To put that in perspective, the outer stone circle of Stonehenge has a diameter just half that with its tallest stones not reaching that height.
Putting all the data together researchers found that the structure is cone shaped, about 230 feet (70 meters) in diameter and nearly 32 feet (10 meters) tall. It weighs an estimated 60,000 tons.
It appears to be a giant cairn, rocks piled on top of each other. Structures like this are known from elsewhere in the world and are sometimes used to mark burials. Researchers do not know if the newly discovered structure was used for this purpose.
The structure was first detected in the summer of 2003 during a sonar survey of the southwest portion of the sea. Divers have since been down to investigate, they write in the latest issue of the International Journal of Nautical Archaeology.
"Close inspection by scuba diving revealed that the structure is made of basalt boulders up to 1 m (3.2 feet) long with no apparent construction pattern," the researchers write in their journal article. "The boulders have natural faces with no signs of cutting or chiselling. Similarly, we did not find any sign of arrangement or walls that delineate this structure."
They say it is definitely human-made and probably was built on land, only later to be covered by the Sea of Galilee as the water level rose. "The shape and composition of the submerged structure does not resemble any natural feature. We therefore conclude that it is man-made and might be termed a cairn," the researchers write.
More than 4,000 years old?
Underwater archaeological excavation is needed so scientists can find associated artifacts and determine the structure's date and purpose, the researchers said.
Researcher Yitzhak Paz, of the Israel Antiquities Authority and Ben-Gurion University, believes it could date back more than 4,000 years. "The more logical possibility is that it belongs to the third millennium B.C., because there are other megalithic phenomena [from that time] that are found close by," Paz told LiveScience in an interview, noting that those sites are associated with fortified settlements.
The researchers list several examples of megalithic structures found close to the Sea of Galilee that are more than 4,000 years-old. One example is the monumental site of Khirbet Beteiha, located some 19 miles (30 kilometers) north-east of the submerged stone structure, the researchers write. It "comprises three concentric stone circles, the largest of which is 56 m (184 feet) in diameter."
Tags: Stone, Mystery, Sea, Galilee, structure
Send comments you read about: Stone Mystery in Sea of Galilee
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text:
Advocacy Policy
Terry J. Stevinson Fellowship
REMI Model
COVID-19 in Colorado
Eggs & The Economy
The Local Revenue Impacts of Near-Term Oil and Gas Development
Nov 12, 2019 | 2019 Research, Economic Development, Energy, Recent Research
OVERVIEW | FULL REPORT
New Money for Schools, Roads and Public Services
Simon Lomax
Simon Lomax is the Common Sense Policy Roundtable's Energy Resources Fellow.
Simon has spent more than 20 years working in journalism, government and public affairs in the United States and Australia. Mr. Lomax is a former congressional fellow with the American Political Science Association and a former energy and environmental reporter for Bloomberg News. Since 2012, he has worked with think tanks, trade associations and business groups to advocate for limited government and free-enterprise approaches to public policy.
Chris Brown is the Director of Policy and Research with the Common Sense Policy Roundtable.
ABOUT CSPR
We believe sound fiscal and economic research is essential to uphold Colorado's economic vitality, future, and individual opportunity.
As a non-profit free-enterprise think tank dedicated to the protection and promotion of Colorado's economy, our mission is to research and promote common sense solutions for the most pressing public policy issues facing Colorado. We examine the economic impact of policies, initiatives, and proposed laws by employing dynamic modeling that accurately measures the impact of each measure on the Colorado economy and individual opportunity. To fully achieve our mission, we actively promote these solutions through the education of policy experts, lawmakers, community leaders, and the general public.
We were founded in 2010 by a concerned group of business and civic leaders that saw divisive partisanship was overwhelming the issues, and objective economic analysis was not being presented to lawmakers and voters empowering them to make fact-based and common sense decisions.
In early 2019, Governor Jared Polis and state lawmakers approved a major reform of Colorado's oil and natural gas regulatory framework – Senate Bill 181. While the new law maintains a stateled permitting process, administered by the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (COGCC), SB-181 also expands the role of local governments in the siting and regulation of new energy production facilities.
Both at the state and local level, the economic contributions of oil and gas development are a key factor for policymakers to consider as they implement SB-181. But today, most of the economic research on the oil and gas sector is statewide in nature. Local officials do not have similarly detailed information about the jobs, tax revenue and other economic value supported by oil and natural gas development at the community level. This is especially true when it comes to proposed new drilling projects.
In this analysis, we start to fill this void of information. Specifically, we explore the potential property tax revenues from proposed near-term oil and natural gas development, focusing on five cities and towns in Colorado's Denver-Julesburg Basin.
Using publicly available data – including sales volumes from recently completed wells in the DJ Basin, development plans submitted to state and local officials, and mill levy rates – we estimated property tax revenues across two different scenarios of near-term oil and gas development over 10 years. Our findings are summarized in the table below:
These revenues would support a wide range of local services, including K-12 public schools, road construction and maintenance, snow removal, police and fire departments, water and sanitation infrastructure and parks and recreation services. All state revenue sources including severance taxes, income taxes and other royalty fees are not included in this analysis. Therefore, the total fiscal impact across the state would be higher. The local funding identified in this analysis would also be distributed between municipalities, school districts, fire protection districts and other local government entities that serve the communities where this energy development takes place.
The biggest beneficiary, however, would be K-12 public schools, which could receive an additional $822 million to $1.1 billion from oil and gas production in these five municipalities over 10 years. To put this in perspective, in school districts that serve these communities, the annual average of new funding could increase funding by roughly $560 to $748 per-pupil. That could be enough revenue to raise average teacher salaries by between $17,800 and $23,700 or 31% to 42% or support the hiring of between 2,438 and 3,244 additional teachers.1
Revenues for individual municipalities would also see a significant boost. Taken together, the five cities examined in this analysis could receive an additional $194 million to $258 million over 10 years. That would be enough repair between 605 and 805 lane miles of deteriorated local roads with brand new asphalt overlay.2
In conclusion, this analysis does not provide the final word on the local economic contributions of oil and gas development in Colorado – far from it. We intended to revisit and expand upon this preliminary examination to include other economic indicators and other communities across the state of Colorado.
While the full local revenue impact across all Colorado municipalities has yet to be quantified, one thing is clear: The economic contributions of oil and gas development are very significant at the local level. But until now, these local economic contributions have been largely ignored in favor of statewide metrics. As a result, local officials have started to implement SB-181 with little to no information about the economic consequences of their decisions. This analysis represents a first step towards informing local communities of these economic matters.
To better inform local-level policymaking under SB-181, the Common Sense Policy Roundtable has prepared an analysis of near-term oil and gas development plans in several Colorado municipalities and the potential property tax revenues these activities may generate.
Five cities and towns, located in the DJ Basin, were selected:
The variables considered in this analysis include: Existing property tax formulas, near-term development proposals from energy firms, production estimates for new oil and gas facilities, and commodity-price forecasts for the next 10 years.
This analysis does not attempt to predict oil and gas-related property taxes down to the last dollar and cent over the course of a decade. Rather, it has a more realistic goal: Communicating the potential size and scope of these revenue streams, which may not be immediately obvious to policymakers and the public in local discussions over oil and gas development.
BACKGROUND AND METHODOLOGY
1. Property taxes
Local property taxes are a major source of public revenue across Colorado. These taxes generate revenue for municipalities, counties and school districts. Property taxes are also levied by special districts to support fire and rescue services, water and sanitation infrastructure, parks and recreation departments, hospitals, libraries and other public services across Colorado.3
The following formula is used to calculate the local taxes owed by property owners in Colorado:
When examining the tax profile of the oil and gas industry in Colorado, the assessment rate plays a central role. The assessment rate is set at the state level and it effectively determines the percentage of a property's value subject to local mill levies.
Currently in Colorado, the assessment rate for residential property is 7.15 percent and the assessment rate for commercial property is 29 percent. Oil and gas, however, has an assessment rate of 87.5 percent.5 This is more than 12 times higher than the assessment rate for residential property and three times higher than the assessment rate for commercial property.
For this reason, in areas where energy development is either planned or already taking place, oil and gas development can make a relatively large contribution to the local tax base, even with a much smaller presence compared to residential and commercial property classes.
2. Plans for near-term oil and gas development
Due to the way energy development is regulated in Colorado, energy firms must obtain a series of regulatory approvals for every single location they wish to develop. In practice, this means energy firms provide local and state officials with advance notice of their plans for future drilling long before any locations are actually developed and start producing oil and gas.
By reviewing these plans, it is possible to estimate the amount of near-term oil and gas development and production proposed for an area. To estimate near-term oil and gas development planned for the five cities and town in this analysis, we reviewed:
Operator agreements between local governments and energy firms
Location assessments (Form 2As) submitted by energy firms to the COGCC
Use by Special Review applications submitted by energy firms to local governments
Using these documents, we identified 72 locations where new oil and gas production facilities are likely to be developed in the near term. Our baseline scenario – Scenario 1 – assumes 810 individual oil and gas wells will be developed and enter production across these 72 locations over a five-year period. In Scenario 2, the average number of oil and gas wells per location was raised from 11.3 to 15 – an increase of 33% – to examine how additional well approvals would impact future tax revenues. A full breakdown of the assumed well counts under Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 can be found in Appendix: Limitations, Assumptions and Endnotes.
To be clear, the regulatory documents reviewed for this analysis and the scenarios developed around them do not provide an upper or lower limit on future oil and gas development for any given area. Development plans can change as a result of negotiations between energy firms, state regulators, local officials and other stakeholders, for example. However, operator agreements and permit applications are a useful indicator of the amount of new oil and gas development and production that may come online in the near term in any given area.
3. Estimated value of oil and gas development
To assist our analysis, we developed a 10-year production estimate for newly developed oil and gas wells in the DJ Basin. This estimate was partially based on a review of state data from recently drilled wells in Adams, Arapahoe, Weld and Larimer counties and publicly reported production figures from major oil and gas operators in the DJ Basin.
In terms of state data, we reviewed a total of 20 wells across the DJ Basin which started production in 2017 and 2018. On average, they produced and sold approximately 188,000 barrels of oil and 471,000 cubic feet of gas in their first 12 months of operation.6 When converted to barrels of oil equivalent (BOE), these volumes represent an average of 267,000 BOE.7
We also reviewed public presentations from two DJ Basin oil and gas producers, who reported more conservative first-year production averages to investors and securities regulators. These averages ranged between 110,000 BOE and 220,000 BOE.
Based on these data, we developed the following 10-year profile for a "typical" newly developed DJ Basin well, which assumes first-year production and sales of approximately 200,000 BOE and applies an updated decline curve which was originally developed for previous studies conducted on Proposition 112 and SB-181.8
To be clear, this 10-year estimate is not intended to predict with absolute certainty the future production and sales from every new well in the DJ Basin. These levels are determined by a complex combination of factors, including the geology of the target formation, the length of the horizontal section of the well, the technologies used to complete the well, and the capacity of nearby transportation infrastructure to physically deliver oil and natural gas to market.
Therefore, this production profile represents a conservative estimate of what new DJ Basin wells are likely to produce, on average, during their first 10 years of operation. This average can then be applied to future drilling plans in order to estimate how much oil and gas will be produced – and how much property tax will be paid – in the five cities and towns selected for this analysis.
4. Commodity prices
Calculating the value of energy production over 10 years requires assuming price levels for oil and natural gas over this period. We reviewed CME Group futures data, Energy Information Administration reference cases and other public forecasts to develop the price assumptions for this analysis. We believe these assumptions to be conservative, both in terms of oil and natural gas commodity prices and because they do not include the additional value of natural gas liquids, which are separately sold across industrial, commercial, transportation and residential markets. Before assessment rates and mill levies were applied, transportation and other related expenses were deducted from these assumed oil and gas commodity prices.
MUNICIPAL LEVEL RESULTS
1. Aurora
Near-term oil and gas development in Aurora is planned for the city's eastern edge in parts of formerly unincorporated Arapahoe and Adams counties. According to 2018 production data, Adams and Arapahoe counties are Colorado's fourth and fifth largest oil and gas producing counties respectively.9
Operator agreements approved by the City of Aurora and location assessments submitted to state regulators are focused primarily on areas to the east of E-470, a major toll road.10 These near-term oil and gas facilities, if developed, may generate an estimated $709 million to $944 million in local property tax revenues over 10 years.
2. Broomfield
Near-term oil and gas development is planned for northeastern Broomfield, in the vicinity of Interstate 25 and the Northwest Parkway, a major toll road.11 Broomfield is both a city and a county, which gives it a somewhat different property tax profile than other municipalities examined in this analysis.
Near-term oil and gas facilities planned for Broomfield, if developed, may generate an estimated $186 million to $248 million in local property tax revenues over the course of a decade.
3. Commerce City
Commerce City is located in Adams County, the state's fourth largest oil producing county, according to 2018 data.12 In Commerce City, near-term oil and gas development is planned for the municipality's eastern edge. Oil and gas developers are primarily focused on locations in close proximity to E-470, a major toll road, and Interstate 76.13
Near-term oil and gas facilities planned for these locations, if developed, may generate an estimated $300 million to $400 million in local property tax revenues over 10 years.
4. Erie
The Town of Erie is located in Boulder and Weld counties. Weld County is Colorado's largest oil and gas producing region, accounting for 88% of state oil production and 36% of state natural gas production.14 Near-term development plans from oil and gas operators are predominantly focused on the eastern side of Erie, between County Line Road and Interstate 25.15
If developed, these new oil and gas facilities may generate an estimated $152 million to $202 million in local property tax revenues over the course of a decade.
5. Johnstown
The Town of Johnstown is located in Weld and Larimer counties. Weld is the state's top oil and natural gas producer, while Larimer County is the state's third largest oil producer, according to 2018 data.16
According to regulatory filings with the COGCC, near-term oil and gas development is planned for northwest Johnstown.17 If developed, these new oil and gas facilities may generate an estimated $39.3 million to $52.3 million in local property tax revenues during their first 10 years of production.
The findings of this analysis show near-term oil and gas development has the potential to be a major source of new revenue for cities and towns in Colorado's DJ Basin.
Across the five local jurisdictions examined, property tax revenues from the first 10 years of production may total between $1.39 billion and $1.85 billion. Municipal governments could receive an additional $194 million to $258 million over this period, which could be used to increase spending on a wide range of public services, including road construction and repair, law enforcement, snow removal and parks and recreation among others. Likewise, county governments may also receive a $211 million to $280 million boost to their budgets over 10 years under the near-term oil and gas development plans reviewed in this analysis.
Public schools could also see major benefits. Tax revenues from near-term oil and gas development in these five municipalities may generate $822 million to $1.1 billion for local K-12 districts. These revenues could be used to increase teacher pay, hire new teachers or add new instructional resources to classrooms, among other things. Given the ongoing debate over education funding in Colorado, this finding may be the most significant for local and state policymakers to consider as they implement SB-181.
In conclusion, this analysis is not intended to predict future tax revenues down to the last dollar and cent. However, by examining near-term plans for oil and gas development, the magnitude of the revenues from near-term oil and gas development can be better understood.
The size and scope of these potential revenue streams, which may not be immediately obvious to policymakers and the public in local discussions over oil and gas development, are an important factor in discussions concerning energy development. To date, however, these fiscal considerations at the local level have been largely overlooked. The analysis takes a step toward correcting this oversight and ensuring the implementation of SB-181 is fully informed by the facts.
APPENDIX: LIMITATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS AND ENDNOTES
This analysis does not purport to predict future oil and gas property tax revenues down to the last dollar and cent. Instead, it attempts to provide policymakers and the public with a greater sense of the size and scope of these revenues to inform future discussions about oil and gas development at the local level.
Some of the limitations and assumptions of this analysis have already been addressed, but others include:
1. Changing municipal boundaries
This analysis is based on near-term oil and gas development proposed within existing municipal boundaries. Cities and towns can change these boundaries by annexing nearby unincorporated land and any oil and gas facilities that exist on that land.
Once annexed, these oil and gas facilities will be subject to additional municipal property taxes in addition to the taxes levied by counties, school districts and other units of local governments. In some cities and towns, annexing oil and gas wells after they have been developed is an established practice.18
2. Updated development plans
This analysis provides a conservative estimate of near-term plans for oil and gas development, based on submitted or approved plans at the state and local level. This estimate is not intended to be an exhaustive review of every proposed oil and gas facility in the municipalities chosen for this analysis.
For example, in the Town of Erie, a map that details near-term oil and gas development does not include proposed well counts for a number of locations.19 These locations were excluded from the analysis, even though they are part of an existing operator agreement between local officials and oil and gas firms, because they have yet to be assigned a proposed well count. It is also possible for future production sites to be consolidated or moved to nearby unincorporated areas based on discussions between energy firms, local officials and the COGCC.20
3. Phases of production and infrastructure capacity
This analysis assumes a phased development process for new oil and gas facilities across the five local jurisdictions examined. Rather than expecting all the proposed locations to be developed and enter production in a single year, a five-year timeline was assumed instead, which reduces overall 10-year production and sales volumes levels by a significant amount.
Another factor impacting production and sales volumes is pipeline infrastructure. However, the impact of production curtailments over a 10-year period are considered to be minimal and were not specifically accounted for in this analysis.
4. Tax and regulatory changes
This analysis is based on state property tax assessment rates and representative mill levy rates from the five local jurisdictions studied. Mill levies for metropolitan districts, which help cover the infrastructure costs associated with new residential neighborhoods and mixed-use developments, were not included in these totals.
Local property tax rates may shift over time, due to changes in state law, voter-approved tax measures or other changes in fiscal policy. However, the rates used in this analysis are assumed to be relatively stable, with only small changes at the margins, for the purposes of this analysis.
Likewise, this analysis assumes a relatively stable regulatory framework for developing new oil and gas facilities in Colorado. For example, most of the planned development in this analysis is covered by operator agreements between local officials and energy firms. This is the kind of local involvement in siting decisions that SB-181 was designed to promote, and COGCC officials have stated "we'll continue business as usual in terms of how we are processing [permit applications for] oil and gas wells" under the new law.21
Commodity price assumptions in this analysis were developed after reviewing CME Group futures data, Energy Information Administration reference cases and other public forecasts. A conservative range relative to these forecasts was chosen: Between $51.40/barrel and $53.18/barrel for and $2.42/MCF and $3.05/MCF for natural gas over the course of 10 years. Deductions of $8/barrel and $1/MCF for transportation and other expenses tied to the sale of oil and natural gas produced in Colorado were also applied.
These price and expense assumptions were necessary to calculate the value of oil and natural gas produced during the first 10 years of production from new oil and gas facilities. However, commodity prices and transportation expenses are subject to change.
The following figures provide more detail on the assumptions and fiscal impacts across both scenarios.
According to data from the Colorado Department of Education, the weighted average of teacher salaries in school districts serving Aurora, Broomfield, Commerce City, Erie and Johnstown is $56,889 per year.
Road repair estimates compiled by the City of Littleton. Mill & overlay repair work costs approximately $320,000 per lane mile, according to 2016 data. The repair work results in strong, crack free and smooth driving surface with a life expectancy of 15 to 20 years.
Special District Association of Colorado: A Guide to Special Districts https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/atoms/files/guide_to_special_districts_2017.pdf
Office of the Douglas County Assessor: https://www.douglas.co.us/assessor/assessor-frequently-asked-questions/
Office of the La Plata County Assessor: http://www.co.laplata.co.us/government/elected_officials/assessor_s_office/general_information
Production and sales data from individual oil and gas facilities was retrieved from the Colorado Oil and Gas Information System: https://cogcc.state.co.us/data.html#/cogis
According to standard industry conversion rates, one barrel of oil equivalent (1 BOE) equals approximately six thousand cubic feet (6 MCF) of natural gas.
July 2018: The Economic and Fiscal Impacts of 2018 Proposition 112 https://commonsenseinstituteco.org/oil-gas-setback-study/
March 2019: The Statewide Cost of Prohibitions, Restrictions and Regulatory Uncertainty in Colorado's Energy Sector https://commonsenseinstituteco.org/senate-bill-181/
Data sourced from Colorado Oil and Gas Information System: https://cogcc.state.co.us/data.html#/cogis
City of Aurora Operator Agreement, June 5, 2019: https://www.auroragov.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_1881137/File/Residents/Oil%20and%20Gas%20Drilling/ConocoPhillips%20Oil%20and%20Gas%20Operator%20Agreement%20FINAL.pdf
City of Aurora Operator Agreement, July 24, 2019: https://www.auroragov.org/UserFiles/Servers/Server_1881137/File/Residents/Oil%20and%20Gas%20Drilling/Axis%20Exploration%20LLC_%20FINAL%20Oil%20and%20Gas%20Agreement.pdf
COGCC Location Assessment, Nov. 9, 2018: https://cogcc.state.co.us/cogis/FacilityDetail.asp?facid=450157&type=LOCATION
COGCC Location Assessment, June 28, 2019: https://cogcc.state.co.us/cogis/FacilityDetail.asp?facid=454144&type=LOCATION
COGCC Location Assessment, Jan 18, 2019: http://ogccweblink.state.co.us/DownloadDocumentPDF.aspx?DocumentId=4711455
City and County of Broomfield Operator Agreement, Oct. 24, 2017: https://www.broomfield.org/DocumentCenter/View/25064/Resolution-2017-186-and-Agreement?bidId=
City and County of Broomfield Use by Special Review Application, Feb. 23, 2018: https://www.broomfield.org/2816/Crestone-Peak—Broomfield-Goltl-Pad
Commerce City Operator Agreement, Sept. 19, 2019: https://www.c3gov.com/home/showdocument?id=8328
https://www.weldgov.com/departments/oil_and_gas_energy
Town of Erie Operator Agreement, Nov. 4, 2019: https://www.erieco.gov/DocumentCenter/View/11328/Amended–and-Restated-Operator-Agreement—11-04-2018
COGCC Location Assessment, Feb. 20, 2019: http://ogccweblink.state.co.us/DownloadDocumentPDF.aspx?DocumentId=4753955
Boulder Daily Camera, Jan 11, 2019: Erie annexation deal with Anadarko could bring town millions in revenue, officials say https://www.dailycamera.com/2019/01/11/erie-annexation-deal-with-anadarko-could-bring-town-millions-in-revenue-officials-say/
Denver Channel, Oct. 8, 2018: Dacono City Council approves drilling agreement with Anadarko Petroleum https://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/local-news/dacono-city-council-approves-drilling-agreement-with-anadarko-petroleum
Town of Erie Oil and Gas Activity: https://www.erieco.gov/DocumentCenter/View/10558/Well-Sites
Denver Post, May 24, 2017: Denver-based Extraction Oil & Gas will move 40 wells out of Broomfield https://www.denverpost.com/2017/05/24/extraction-oil-and-gas-broomfield/
9News, April 3, 2019: Colorado lawmakers OK'd new oil and gas regulations. What's next? https://www.9news.com/article/news/colorado-lawmakers-okd-new-oil-and-gas-regulations-whats-next/73-4b0f7ffa-6dae-4444-b97d-48037b8c450b
Common Sense Institute
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SOLD A centrally located 3 bedroom town house in Baza Granada. In need of some TLC and updating. A 2 min walk to the centre of town where you will find several bars¸ restaurants and shops.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 bedrooms¸ 2 bathrooms¸dinning room¸ kitchen and living room. Small front garden.


Prime apple picking season is upon us. While the Northeast may be facing a pumpkin shortage (yes, I know, sad but true) for the upcoming Halloween season, apples seem plentiful now that they are ready for picking. There's nothing better than picking an apple from the orchard, cleaning it off on the sleeve of your hoodie, and biting into the crispy, juicy fruit — well, except for family favorite apple recipes.


ON A hot day, you can smell the Cadbury chocolate factory even before you step inside. Lying on the banks of the Derwent River, just north of Hobart, the factory is a popular destination for sweet-toothed tourists, who come to find out more about the process of combining three ingredients - cocoa, sugar and milk - to make Freddo Frogs and family blocks of chocolate.
But there's one thing that the tour guides don't discuss: the secret in every bite of chocolate. You can't taste it or see it, and it's not listed on the wrapper with the ingredients. It's carbon dioxide.
When we burn fossil fuels for energy, the carbon stored inside the coal, gas or oil binds with oxygen to become carbon dioxide. It's a natural part of the air we breathe. But it's also one of the major greenhouse gases altering our climate because we're now putting more of it into the atmosphere faster than we have ever before. Until relatively recently, nobody had taken much interest in how much of it is released in the production of everyday products such as chocolate.
I am still not taking much interest!
The electricity used at Cadbury's Claremont factory generates comparatively few greenhouse gas emissions by Australian standards. That's because most of Tasmania's electricity comes from hydro-electricity, produced by running water rather than by burning coal or gas.
Hydro-electricity is good but of course dams are bad! I can see a Green logic problem here.
Where Cadbury's chocolate does rack up a higher carbon count is from the oil burnt for its ''food miles'', from transporting the ingredients to its factories through to getting the final products to the supermarket. While the Claremont factory's milk is locally produced in Burnie, the sugar comes from plantations around Mackay in Queensland. The cocoa comes from even further afield: grown in Ghana in western Africa, roasted and processed in Singapore, before finally being shipped to Tasmania.
to grasp , ensconced in their ivory tower which is richly paid for by the society they are trying to bring down. They do not sow nor do they reap but they all live well by means of the Global Warming scam and the public trough. Under their scheme Cadbury's of course will have to shut down because the local market will not support them - the sugar growers will be out of business ,transport workers will be out of work and the cocoa growers in Ghana will just starve - all this to placate the Green god and the false science exposed by Climategate. Tasmania does actually have hydro power which is approved by the writers only because the dams and infrastructure were built before the eco-nuts prevented any new dams across this country being built.
Of course the writers are impressed by the Chinese Government closing down old power stations and building shiny new efficient ones funded by eco-idiots in Europe . The Chinese are too smart to look a gift horse in the month -they don't care that the cheque has Global Warming written on it ,just the number of zeroes!They are laughing all the way to the bank.
Nowhere is China's dominance in our daily lives more obvious than in our wardrobes. A generation ago, many of the clothes at department stores such as Target were made in Australia. Now, more than 80 per cent of the clothing for sale across Australia is imported from China.
China's government is taking more action to cut emissions and improve air quality than it sometimes gets credit for, including closing down a number of dirty, old power stations in favour of more modern ones.
The great thing about the unravelling of the great global warming scare is that we won't have to put up with these pompous advice-givers much longer! The believers are down to 35% in the UK and USA and Australia won't be far behind.


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Celebrating 50 years with SFU Library
By Virginia Hong
September 9 was a perfect day to officially celebrate Simon Fraser University's 50th anniversary. The sun was shining, new students at the University were filled with excitement and hundreds of the first students of SFU (Charter Alumni) began to make their way back up the hill again to their alma mater. To kick things off, a grand event hosted by SFU Alumnus Riaz Meghji, host of CityTV's "Breakfast Television" show, brought out Andrew Petter (SFU President), Anne Giardini (SFU Chancellor), Japanese Taiko Drummers, a Bhangra dance crew and the six time world champion SFU Pipe Band, among others. A surprising smattering of cheers from the Charter Alumni erupted when Meghji, who graduated in 1995, recalled his fond memories of going to the library and using microfiche for research. You know that the crowds are ready to celebrate when they cheer for microfiche! Cake and cupcakes were served at all three campuses and the winner of SFU's first legacy song contest performed live for the first time.
As one of the remaining four original buildings constructed in 1965, the library was a natural meeting place for the Charter Alumni to revisit. The Dean of Libraries, Gwen Bird, organized private tours, with her Associate Librarian team acting as tour guides. For some of these alumni, it had been more than 40 years since they stepped foot through the front doors. They remarked that much of the student spaces have been updated, while from the outside, the library remained almost the same. Much of the conversation in the library was lively with warm memories of specific librarians who aided their studies and research, discussions about the protests of the late 1960s and the sit-in that was organized in the University Administration offices, formerly located in the library building.
In the evening, the Burnaby campus was again flooded with more visitors. The sold out Celebrate and Savour Festival featured food and drinks from more than 30 of Metro Vancouver's top chefs. The University campus was transformed into an outdoor wonderland of sparkly lights, candles, acoustic music, roving costumed performers and whimsical mismatched furniture.
Christopher Gaze emceed the formal portion of the program, which included a gift announcement from the City of Burnaby. Burnaby Mayor Derek Corrigan, President Petter, Chancellor Giardini, Professor Paul Budra and Lt. Governor of BC, Her Honour the Honourable Judith Guichon were on hand to provide remarks. Leslie Beck, an SFU Charter Alumni, reprised her role from 1965 as the town crier by donning the tricorne hat to officially kick off the food festival. It was the perfect day to celebrate and kick off a year of special events that were organized by virtually every faculty, department and service at SFU.
In October, the library hosted the Charter Alumni for Fall Convocation. Organized by Alumni Relations, more than twenty Charter Alumni enjoyed a breakfast reception in the library and once again donned blue gowns and caps to sit alongside the class of 2015. A symbolic gesture of the first students of the University welcoming new alumni more than 50 years later. One alumnae brought her mother and daughter. Having missed her own convocation almost 46 years ago, this was her first time to walk across the stage and receive her recognition for years of studies.
SFU Library is looking forward to continuing the celebrations throughout the rest of 2015 and into the spring of 2016. In partnership with SFU Public Square and the Community Summit: We the City, the library is hosting a free event, One City: One Book, One SFU with author Teju Cole and Eleanor Wachtel on November 5, 2015. In March, the annual SFU Author's event will be expanded and moved to Surrey City Hall and in partnership with the City of Burnaby, the library will be presenting a weeklong program called the Festival of Learning – the capstone event for the 50th celebrations.
Virginia Hong is the Director of Major Gifts at Simon Fraser University and also a MBA Candidate at the Beedie School of Business at SFU.
© 2015 British Columbia Library Association	·	ISSN 2369-694X	·


"Stick with it". Its way to easy (specially for myself, and I'm sure many of you others out there) to jump into another project and tell myself "I'll get back to that one later". Completing a project means making sure that you keep yourself immersed in it and follow it through to completion.
This retro 80's project is just that - and what's helping keep me on track is actually having the machines here next to me, which in turn inspires me to recall that childhood where I started my journey into computing.
So what have I been up to since my last post? Well, continuation of that asset building to get together materials to produce a final rendered result. With the cassette and cases all sorted and looking relatively good, a ZX Spectrum computer and some Atari game cartridges already done, its those last few peripherals that I need to load up and play my games that have to be done.
"From Russia...", ahem, I mean cassette to computer, "with love."
You would be surprised at just how annoying it is to try and find a decent side-on photograph of a small 14 inch television set from the 1980's using a google image search. In the end I needed to develop my own model sheets for a classic small television through a mixture of reference photo's and some bounding box measurements from articles online for televisions.
I did find one exceptionally good website while browsing, and for anybody wanting to learn more about obsolete television technology, then the obsolete telly museum blog is a must-read. I took another look at what televisions of that 1980's era were like, and today just built a whole new TV from scratch.
Once the key elements were noted down (curved CRT tubes, framed screens and the speaker/channel/volume controls on the left side (about 1/5th of the width of the TV casing)) the whole model came together in a couple of hours.
Before we had LCD, LED or Plasma... We had CRT.


text:
Very few players?
BlackMamba
It seems as though there are very few players active, far fewer than pre-beta, I'm struggling to keep an active game.
BlackMamba posted
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The next Beta Test Stage will focus on improvements for new players and some experiments to attract new players.
We will also be coordinating with the community on this to come up with the best methods to attempt first.
GameAdmin posted , last edited by GameAdmin
One recommendation I have is http://store.steampowered.com/
There are many strategy games on there, and many that began as browser games. People aren't too into the 'pay to play' approach, even though it makes sense in the context of Battle Forces currently, but you could sell this for say $5, and get hundreds of people signing up.
Hmmm now there seems to be very few people. I see one game stuck at 4/5 players and no other games filled. This has been an issue for awhile. I honestly feel like this update has pushed a lot of players away. The concept is fine, the design is too tablet like and poor IMO but the worst part was implementation. You cant push unfinished product. The pricing and further crippling of gameplay in favor of $ had alienated even more players. I feel like the old design was superior in a lot of ways. Probably should have worked on improving the game play, introducing more new maps and map making options and of course advertising. I have been playing in here for about 4-5 years and it's sad to see a good strategy game go downhill. I will check on every now and then and see what progress has been made if any. I would suggest roll back of some of the UI and pricing and fixing the issues that were problematic for the game such as alliances. Numerous suggestions were offered that I thought were good solutions such as no communications and random IDs instead of names. Anyways my $0.02.
I wouldn't call that one game stuck. As of 12 hours ago it had 2 people signed up and now there are 4. At that rate it should be filled by this evening. As for the other games being empty, there are several reasons. I, for one, generally try to stay away from games with 3 or 4 players because the dynamic is ALWAYS the same and the path to victory usually involves screwing over someone who wasn't as quick on the draw when truce offers are flying in the capital picking round. I don't like the way those victories feel but any other path leads to defeat. You are right about the low number of players and how that impacts the game. I like variety in my game play but that is hard to come by when the games are filled by the same 15 people in rotation. As for cost, think of the amount of time that has gone into making, maintaining and upgrading this game. I find it hard to understand why people are reluctant to give something back to those who have spent so much time on something that is so fun. The premium membership costs less that a 12pk and 6pk together, but I sure that there is plenty of beer bought without much thought to cost. The beer would be gone in a couple of days but the game membership lasts (currently) 2 years making the cost benefit ratio heavily stacked in it's favor, but for some reason most minds don't see it that way (if you don't drink then substitute something else that cost a little over $20).
Mat, I guess I both agree and disagree. I will stick around and keep playing because I know that the only way to keep things moving is to have players who keep playing. I have paid for a membership (and will again in the future) because I can recognize the effort that has been made and I appreciate it. I think that more players are certainly needed and with them will come a breath of fresh air to the game. And lastly, after taking about it earlier, I will be drinking some beer tonight
Jacob posted , last edited by Jacob
P.S. That game filled up while I was typing the comment above.
Did I read correctly that there is a perceived problem with the experienced players trouncing the newbies and driving them away? I'd hate to be contributing to that but could see how that could be the outcome. Any suggestions to preventing newbies having such a negative experience? We definitely need a larger player base.
Barka posted
Jacob, that reminds me of something I read by Orwell: http://orwell.ru/library/articles/cigar/english/e_cigar
$20 for x amount of hours of intense mental engagement definitely seems like a pretty good trade.
Regardless of the lack of interest in this game, it has a niche. As far as I've found there is no other game offering this particular sort of tactical diplomatic experience. It simply needs to be put forward to more people.
One thought I had as to why this game has not been marketed to a wider audience is because the creators made it to play among their circle of friends, and have no greater interest in attracting more numbers, just a small amount to cover costs. There are a few holes in this theory, but it still baffles me that such a niche game that I know for a fact would appeal to many people does not receive more attention. The only reason for this currently is that it is difficult to come across.
Put it forward to steam! You'll make plenty of money and attract a huge player base.
BlackMamba posted , last edited by BlackMamba
@mateusz Come back!
Well I still check every now and then to see if any progress has been made.
Battle Forces site is not what it used to be...but as more old timers show up we can still have battles, competitive games and fun.


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Renamo claims that extra ballot papers were given to Frelimo members during municipal elections.
Maputo — Maxixe (Mozambique), 10 Oct (AIM) - The Maxixe District Elections Commission (CDE) in the southern Mozambican province of Inhambane is worried at signs of a high level of abstention in this city in Wednesday's municipal elections.
As in much of the country, there were long queues of voters when the Maxixe polling stations opened at 07.00. But a few hours later scarcely any voters at all were making their way to the stations.
When AIM visited the polling stations in the early afternoon, it found them virtually deserted. For example, there were almost no voters to be found at around 14.00 in the seven polling stations in the 29 November Secondary School. The polling station staff members (MMVs) said that all the signs were that the situation would remain unchanged until the end of voting at 18.00.
The electoral law states that the polling stations close at 18.00 unless there are still voters in the queue, in which case they stay open until the last person has voted. But in Maxixe here are no queues.
The chairperson of the CDE, Mateus Roberto, said the situation worried him. "Everything indicates that we will have high levels of abstention. The movement of voters does not correspond to the number of voters registered".
Maxixe (which, although it is not the provincial capital, is the largest urban centre in Inhambane) registered 62,062 voters - and nowhere near that number bothered to go to the polling stations.
Roberto said the high abstention was predictable right from the start of voting, since "in all the polling centres, stations one and two had a much higher attendance than the rest of the stations".
In general, polling stations one and two are formed by potential voters who register in the first few days of the voter education campaign, and can thus be assumed to have a more positive outlook towards voting than those who register much later and form the other polling stations.
Roberto added that, in the first hours of voting, most of the voters were relatively old, and in all the polling stations visited, there was not much sign of young, first time voters.
"In future, we must reflect n what more we can do, in terms of voter education, to encourage young voters to cast their ballots", he concluded.


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The double slit experiment is probably the most well known experiment in quantum theory and quantum mechanics. The reason why the double slit experiment is so well known is because it easily demonstrates the central quantum paradox. Is light a particle or a wave? The behavior of quantum particles and waves (now called wavicles), changes when measured or observed.
A beam of electrons is directed through a screen with two slits in it. Since electrons act like waves they split when they go through the two slits in the screen. They arrive at a florescent screen on the other side of the slits. The image on the florescent screen shows up as an interference pattern. The spacing of the light and dark patterns on the florescent screen allows us to measure the length of the waves. Simple, right?
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So what do we do? Naturally we check up on the electron to see which slit it is going to pass through. We turn the light on and watch as the electron passes through the slit. What do we see? The interference pattern has disappeared! As soon as we look at the electron and locate it we lose all the information about its momentum and we lose its wave nature.
Uncertainty principle: - As soon as we determine which slit the electron is passing through, the process of looking destroys the interference pattern.
Complementarity principle - The measurements on the electron's position and momentum are complementary - mutually exclusive processes. We can concentrate on the momentum and measure the wavelength (and thus the momentum) of the electron from the interference pattern, but then we cannot tell which slit the electron goes through. Or we can concentrate on the position and lose the interference pattern and thus the information about the wavelength and momentum. (Goswami pg. 70) Depending on what apparatus we use to do the experiment, we can see one attribute or the other but not both.
Notes: Amit Goswami, The Self Aware Universe, N.Y., Tarcher/Putnam 1995. Dr. Goswami's excellent explanation (pages 66-70) of the double slit experiment was used to help with this page.


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