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Alaska for real
GUEST BLOG: SUE OLDHAM on the ALWAYS FRIDAY
One day, much to my surprise, I got a 1-gallon Ziploc baggie in my mail that had a business card with a picture of a boat on it named "Always Friday." In the baggie was a beautiful, hand-knit muff. Fortunately, the card had a name and email address and when I contacted the mysterious gift giver it turned out to be a reader, named Sue Oldham, of my friend Jo's blog, over at www.alaskafloatsmyboat.com. My blog was mentioned and she subscribed to it so when she passed through Meyers Chuck she kindly dropped off the gift.
She described her travels up the Inside Passage in emails to me and when I asked her if I could use them as a Guest Blog, she agreed, and sent along some photos. And here they are!
Hi Tara, sorry for the delays. I got your email in Sitka, then we traveled back on the outside, into Lisianski canal to Pelican and Elfin Cove and Hoonah for the 4th of July. What a spectacular route! The outside passage was 2 foot seas and glass. The marine life was everywhere although we saw the most whales in Tenekee Springs on our way to Sitka. Each community has its own special personality. I loved Sitka for all of its efforts to preserve its musical and artsy roots. It didn't do everything just for the cruise ships. Pelican is a community trying to reshape itself after the closure of the fish processing facility. It's residents had warm and generous hearts. We were greeted by a small lodge owner with dog biscuits for Ike. The couple who run the cafe are so sweet. I left a new flag with them we had bought but didn't fit our flag stand and they were so excited because they wanted the city to have a new flag for the 4th.
Elfin Cove is a beautiful community. We bought a freshly caught king salmon from a fisher woman who came in to sell it to the tender barge in the harbor. The Stolis vodka boat rising sun stayed out of the harbor and had the owners of the local lodge send fishing guides out. I couldn't help but think how much is they were missing by not visiting this beautiful community and ordering home made chicken and rice soup at the little cafe. Their boat is 246 feet with a crew of 26. I'm sure the meals are fine restaurant quality but if you miss the people of Alaska, you have missed Alaska.
Hoonah somehow made me sad. The people are suffering at their new cruise ship dock facility. They pay minimum wage and take 60% from the vendors for rent and fees. It feels like the hope that was there two years ago was gone. We took the tender out for a visit of the cannery and probably would have spent some money but we went through 3 people who did not have the authority to let us tie up to the back of the dock only to find a supervisor who said coast guard regulations would not let us tie up or to land on the beach. They are cruising for trouble I fear. Juneau is nice but over crowded. We rented a house from a local owner and brought our kids and their families in. The harbor is full of fishing boats that are not being allowed to fish. Most of the private boats ended up in Harris Harbor or Aurora Harbor because Auke Bay is first come first serve and filled with cruise ship vendors and docked fishing boats waiting to be sent out. We finally got into Auke Bay after one Harbormaster did some rearranging for us. I read one of your articles in the Capital City Weekly. It also says you are related to Artist Megan Duncanson. I love her art! You do have a very artistic family.
I'll attach a couple of good whale shots we got at Tenekee Springs and an oops by one of the local cruise ships just outside of Sitka.
We are in a 64 foot troller named Always Friday. It is white with a green cove stripe and it has a "back yard" with a 4 foot square of AstroTurf and a sack of petunias for the traveling needs of our chocolate lab, Ike. Every day is a new blessing whether it is a bag of beach asparagus from Jo, or an evening watching whales break from the dock in Tenekee Springs. Our brief visit in Thorne Bay still floors me. We were immediately given 5 crab then 10 lbs of halibut by Jim Silverthorn then the same day Jo brought us a bad of beach asparagus. I went to a dog show during a hale storm put on by Bear , a young tween who lives there and loves dogs. You live in an amazing place with amazing people. Keep writing, I want to buy a copy of your first book.
THE MAIL (AND GROCERIES) MUST GET THROUGH
Mail day dawned sunny and clear, like it's abnormally been for weeks here in formerly rainy Southeast Alaska. The tide was unhelpfully going to be out all day so my dad got in the skiff early to put it on the outhaul.
An outhaul is a rope and pulley device that allows us to keep our smaller boats floating during all but the lowest of low tides. A length of rope is run through two pulleys attached to trees above the high tide line, and to a pulley anchored to the seabed (and usually marked by a buoy so other boaters know not to run over the outhaul). We tie our skiff to a loop in one side of the line and pull it out as far as possible. When we need it, we simply pull it in.
However, because of our unusually hot summer, the outhaul line turned out to be completely overgrown with seaweed and algae. My dad attempted to clean it by tying to the outhaul and driving away from the beach in the skiff, running the caked rope through the pulleys.
A minute later he was on the VHF to me. "Tara, could you bring down the rope on the end of the dock? I just broke the outhaul."
Fortunately, the actual line that makes up the outhaul itself didn't break, it was just the smaller piece of rope that ties one of the pulleys to a tree that snapped.
So, while my dad sat in the skiff and took care of the tedious chore of picking off clumps of seaweed by hand and scraping the algae off with a knife (using a multi-tool that a Lower 48 friend named Russ gave both my dad and I for scouting floathouses for him earlier), I picked up the coil of rope and carried it down the beach, up onto the rock ridge, and then scrambled around wind-fallen trees until I reach the point of land where the pulley is. I hadn't gotten very far when I realized that in my sweatshirt I was way overdressed for how hot it was despite how early it was.
When I got to the broken part of the pulley and fixed it and was about to tell my dad on the VHF, I realized it had fallen out of my bag. I searched nearby but couldn't find it, then shouted and mimed to my dad for him to call me on the VHF so that I could hear his voice through its speaker. He counted slowly as I searched and listened. As it turned out I had to clamber back over the rocks and windfalls and down to the beach before I finally located it. By then I was having a low blood pressure attack aggravated by overheating.
I made it to the nearest bit of shade on a rock bench that overlooked Clarence Strait and Prince of Wales Island and called my dad to tell him my situation. I was about to pass out, but since I was lying down I wouldn't hurt anything.
All was not grim, though. Because I was on the outside of the rocky bight where our floathouses are, I had a clear line of sight to the mountain where the tower that provides us with an Internet signal stands. I had my cell phone with me, which is frequently useless at home, and as it happened my sister called. I chatted with her, explaining my situation, and then my dad called on the VHF checking on me, and asked if I'd call my brother Jamie who was out commercial fishing to ask him a mail-related question.
Jamie was feeling the heat himself. The wheel house of his fishing boat, the Isla, was cooking him like an oven. We carped for a while about the aggravatingly sunny streak we'd been having. As die-hard Southeasterners we liked our damp climate and suffered when the sun came out, even without adding in the fact that I was literally allergic to sunshine.
He said he was down at Caamano (Caamano Point) fishing near our Uncle Rory and Aunt Marion. That point can be a nightmare in rough weather, but I didn't get a twinge when he mentioned it because today the strait was mill pond smooth, not a breath of air stirring. Which, actually, made the heat even more oppressive.
Next I called the post office in Meyers Chuck to find out when the mail plane would be there--and wouldn't you know it? The ariline, which usually refused to come out during low tides, had decided to come out right when the tide was at its lowest today. We'd have to haul groceries and mail up a very long beach, in this heat. I passed the bad news on to my dad and when he finished cleaning off the outhaul he puttered by, going slow since the plane wouldn't be in for a while.
I headed for home shortly after that, deciding to wait for my dad's return at my parents' floathouse. My mom and I heard the mail plane land in the village a few miles to the south of us and almost immediately afterward we heard what sounded like a freight train rushing toward us.
In minutes the airless day was blown away by a winter-type gale. The trees bent and thrashed around and the strait swelled up with spitting white caps. It went from zero wind to forty knot winds, and then higher winds within half an hour. I thought about Jamie down at the dreaded Camaano Pt. and we tried to call him to find out his situation, and Rory and Marion's, but we couldn't get hold of him. We called the post office and told the post mistress Cassie to tell my dad how bad it was out here where we lived.
Unfortunately, he was already on his way. By then it was screaming, with seventy miles winds tearing at the trees. I went down the beach to meet him, and found myself pummeled by the wind. He pulled in down near the outhaul and everything was soaking wet, covered in salt spray. He said it was one of the roughest rides he'd ever had. On top of that, no one from the village had been there to meet the plane except him and Cassie so they'd hauled all the boxes up the low-tide ramp by themselves. His bad leg was in rough shape after all that.
The cardboard boxes were falling apart. Two of them, amounting to over a hundred pounds, were freeze boxes, but we discovered that for some reason nothing, none of the meat or frozen vegetables, were frozen. And they were cooking in the unrelenting sunshine. That meant we couldn't wait for the tide to bring the skiff up to the house--we had to get the perishable groceries up the long, hot beach sooner rather than later.
I hauled up some of the groceries in bags, and got the hand truck on the way back down--and fell through the ramp at the end of the dock. Unbeknownst to us the planks had been eaten through by the gribbles that eat any wood in the water. I scraped my leg up, but there wasn't a lot of blood. I went down for a couple boxes and dragged the hand truck back up to the floathouse over rocks and through tidal mud, and then went back down for another load. By then I was in low blood pressure mode and overheating again and my dad made me stop. He'd been in the hot sun for hours by that time, and was in bad shape after having helped haul all of the village mail up to the post office, and then the horrible ride home--he was so stiff he didn't even attempt to get out of the skiff.
The tide was coming in by then and I had to wade to get to the skiff. I went over my boots, but the water was so warm I didn't care, though the scrape on my leg stung a bit. The wind was literally screaming off the skiff's steel rails, that hurricane pitch that makes your hair stand on end. The strait was exploding against the rocks and my dad and I had to raise our voices to talk. I had to press against the skiff as the wind tried to push it away from the beach and my dad warned me not to get run over by it. Neither of us could remember a winter gale like this in the middle of summer. I again worried about my brother and aunt and uncle in their fishing boats.
As the tide came in I towed the skiff further up the beach shortening, the distance I had to haul the boxes up to the house. My mom met me at the dock and she hauled what she could into the house. I'd haul up groceries, go back and wade out to the skiff and pull it against the gale, and then haul up more groceries.
So that's what I did. In the picture above you can see me towing the skiff up to the house, telling myself "The mail must get through," over and over again.
At some points I was wading at waist level, but it was actually nice to get out of the sun and it was blowing far too hard for any bugs to be around. And then we heard from Jamie, that he and Rory and Marion were perfectly all right--the gale was blowing up the strait away from shore where he was and hammering us at the point that we live on. It was just a freak squall worse than most of our summer squalls.
One more mail day down!
I wrote my next column about the next mail day and you can read it at:
http://juneauempire.com/capitalcityweekly/ccw-columns/2018-08-01/alaska-real-waiting-weekly-mail-plane
SMOKING HOT SUMMER
(No snow on even the highest mountains, which usually have snow all year around.)
Last week it sprinkled lightly for two days and I got such a rush! I felt energized for the first time this summer and ready to take on the world, blog it up like mad, write entire chapters in my book, put new logs in my float, re-build the dam....
(Katya dozing in the shade earlier this summer before the sun wore out its welcome)
And then, just like in that horrible Terminator-type song "Here Comes the Sun" it all went south again.
Yep. More sun. Non-stop sun. Sun even where the sun doesn't shine sun. It's been everywhere this summer, and it refuses to go away for more than a few moments at a time--and only then with a Teutonic, threatening "I'll be back" promise--and the oppression is wearing me down.
This is a rainforest! Or it's supposed to be. I grew up loving the sound of rain drumming on the roof, of roaming the beaches on a windy, rainy day. I have always loved the rain. And now that I can't drink the water in our dam, I'm reliant on rainwater for my very life.
("Here comes the sun!" Even the wildflowers have given up smiling about it.)
Yesterday when we crossed the strait to do a grocery, fuel, and bottled water run there were only the barest hints of snow on even the tallest mountains. In the store, one of the employees told me, as he brought out cases of water to put on a barren shelf, that he can't keep the water stocked. My dad was told by a local that they're rationing showers.
In one of the last great rainforests on earth!
(Sun setting--in wildfire smoke--off a headland of Prince of Wales Island)
At least we're not dealing with the fires that some of my friends in California are coping with. One friend, who lives in northern California, has been facing possible evacuation, and so has her sister. Alaskan firefighters have been flown down to help with the blazes.
Meanwhile, back in the "rainforest," in addition to unheard of temperatures every day in the Eighties (F) and higher, we had smoke from fires in British Columbia being funneled down the Inside Passage causing respiratory problems. One evening my dad came home and saw a spectacular sunset due to the smoke. He came and got me to take pictures of the enormous, cherry red sun just hanging there off one of Prince of Wales Island's headlands.
(Photo my dad took as he was coming home on a smoky evening)
Unfortunately the tablet wasn't able to capture the scene the way the human eye experienced it, as you can see. In person, the sun looked as big as Jupiter hanging above the strait and made me feel like I'd transported onto another planet.
So, yes, the sun is being like the worst guest possible, paying no attention to that scripture that says "Make your foot rare at the home of your friend" and instead is waaaay outstaying its welcome in the rainforest. But at least the sunsets are glorious.
Dedicated to my friends in northern California. Hold fast and be safe.
CORRECTION:
While there are a lot of wildfires burning in British Columbia to the east and south of our position, we were puzzled by the fact that the smoke seemed to be coming from the northwest and we've had weeks of northerlies blowing. My brother Robin just shared that the smoke haze we're seeing is actually coming from Siberia, Russia, where vast fires there are creating massive plumes of smoke that have crossed the Pacific to inundate Alaska, Canada, and states in the northwestern U.S.
(Photo: NOAA/NASA Goddard; #GOESEast, July 9-10 2018)
Tara Neilson (ADOW)
Click on the photo to purchase my memoir
Alaskan Movie Review
From The Dairy Crate
Legendary Alaskans
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Monster Busting
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Tara Neilson©

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December 13, 2021 December 15, 2021 thesublimeblog
Beautiful Science: Monte Carlo Finance
In my previous post, ("Brilliant Minds: John von Neumann"), I reviewed a new book about the legendary mathematics genius, John von Neumann who played a starring role in the development of the modern computer as well as the atomic bomb during the Second World War. Von Neumann was also a co-inventor of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, a computer-intensive technique for drawing random variables to model phenomena that are highly uncertain. MC simulations are now widely used in various scientific disciplines such as weather forecasting, engineering, physics and finance.
It is difficult to appreciate the power of MC simulations without working through an in-depth example. So in today's post, I will provide a detailed illustration of how MC simulation is used to answer complex questions. My illustration is drawn from finance, and concerns portfolio risk management. To manage risk, investors must know how to measure it. Also, since risk is the possibility of experiencing adverse outcomes in the future, the future must be simulated. I will illustrate how this can be done with the help of a model that links risk or volatility to returns. That model is known as GARCH, which stands for Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity. Despite its formidable name, the basic idea behind the GARCH model is easy to grasp as will be apparent shortly. The GARCH model was pioneered by Robert Engle of New York University in the 1980s. For his contribution, Engle won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2003. I will combine the GARCH model with MC simulation to forecast various intuitive measures of risk in the context of stock investments. I will refer to this combination as the GARCH-MC model. I hope to show you that the math behind it is both compelling and beautiful.
Robert F. Engle III (b. 1942). Professor of Finance at New York University, Nobel Prize in Economics, 2003 "for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility."
CAUTION – in the rest of this post, I will develop the GARCH-MC model step by step. The discussion will will be somewhat technical. If you love math, great – you are encouraged to follow each step through to see the beauty of the application. If you are not so math inclined, stay with me – you may want to skim through the equations to have a feel of what the story is about. Throughout the discussion, intuitive explanations of the key steps are given to help you along.
Let us begin.
Risk is Not a Dirty Word
Imagine an investor who owns a portfolio of stocks. His investment horizon may be a week, a month, or years. Along the way, he is likely to experience a roller-coaster ride as the stock market goes up and down. I assume the investor is risk-averse, i.e., he hates losing money. Yet losing money is part of the "game" of investing in the stock market, or for that matter, any risky asset.
My focus in on the type of risk that terrifies most investors: tail risk. The left-hand side of a returns distribution contains far-out regions where out-sized losses occur. Although this region of the left tail is small, when they occur, they can leave an investor totally devastated, financially as well as emotionally. I am mainly interested in quantifying the probability of such left-tail risk. The GARCH-MC technique allows me to do that. Before I proceed, I need to define a few standard measures of financial risk.
The ABCs of Financial Risk
Finance experts define risk in a number of ways. These risk measures fall into two broad categories that capture symmetric risk and tail risk respectively.
Symmetric risk measures quantify the dispersion of returns around the central point of the distribution, namely the mean. Two common and related symmetric risk measures are the standard deviation (also known as volatility in the finance literature) and variance, which is the square of the standard deviation. The more dispersed an asset's returns are around the mean, the riskier is that asset according to these symmetric risk measures. This is because a wider spread entails a higher probability of bad outcomes – those returns that fall into the left side of the distribution – as shown in the following diagram.
The distribution which is more spread out has a higher standard deviation (denoted by the Greek symbol, sigma) and thus has greater symmetric risk.
Symmetrical risk measures are popular because they simply the math. However, they don't tell us the probability of disastrous outcomes that occur in extreme regions of the left tail. Experts therefore turn to explicit measures of left tail risk. Two widely used measures of left-tail risk are Value-at-Risk (VAR) and Expected Shortfall Risk (ES). They are explained below.
Quantifying Tail Risk
I will use the letter K to denote an investment period. K may be as short as one day, or it could span longer periods. So, for a one-year time horizon, K is 365 days, for a ten-year horizon, it is 3,650 days and so on. K >> 1 day is my focus.
Let t denote today. The K-day VAR calculated today quantifies the risk going forward from tomorrow (day t+1) to day t+K. It can be written as follows:
is the volatility (standard deviation) of the portfolio's returns, and
is the inverse of the cumulative density function of the standard normal distribution, N(0,1). This is just the familiar bell-shaped distribution centred at 0 (since daily stock returns are close to zero).
The VAR answers the following question: what loss is such that it will only be exceeded 100p of the time, where p denotes probability. If p is 0.05, then 100p is 5% and the 100p percent VAR is the cutoff value of the portfolio's return such as there is at most 5% probability of exceeding that value. When the cutoff is on the left tail of the returns distribution, we attach a negative sign to the VAR to indicate that we are talking about losses. Note that VAR is always measured over a specified number of days. Looking at the above equation, what it says is that the K-day VAR is simply the square root of K times the 1-day VAR calculated on day t. The latter in turn is equal to minus
(once again, the minus sign is there because we are interested in quantifying losses).
The negative VAR only concerns the probability of losses exceeding a threshold. It does not tell us the magnitude of these losses, which is what most investors care about. To compute that, we use the expected shortfall risk measure (ES). Mathematically, the K-day ES is defined as:
The K-day ES has a pleasing symmetry with the K-day VAR, it being the square root of K times the 1-day ES where the latter is the average or expected loss encountered when returns are worst than the VAR:
Although neither volatility nor variance appears in the equations for VAR or ES, it doesn't mean they have nothing to do with tail risk. This is because, as I mentioned earlier, the more widely dispersed returns are, the greater the potential tail risk. Thus, if we want to simulate future VAR or ES, we need to simulate the distribution of future returns linked to a model of volatility or variance. This is where GARCH comes in.
The GARCH model pioneered by Engle and other researchers capture a curious but pervasive feature of many asset markets, including the stock market. This feature refers to the tendency for returns volatility measured at daily intervals to cluster over days. Another way of describing volatility clustering is to say that days with high returns tend to be followed by more days with high returns and days with low returns tend to be followed by days with low returns. This feature is most pronounced when returns are measured daily, although weaker clustering effects are also found in weekly returns. To picture volatility clustering, have a look at the figure below which plots daily returns of the S&P 500 index over a 10-year period from Jan 2001 to Dec 2010.
This figure shows daily log returns of the S&P 500 Index showing volatility clustering.
The circled periods are days where high returns tend to be followed by more days of high returns. The rest of the periods are mostly days of low returns that tend to be followed by days of low returns. This clustering of daily absolute returns is exactly what the GARCH model capture. How it does so is explained in the next section.
Monte Carlo Meets the Greeks
The following pair of equations define the simplest GARCH model, the so-called GARCH(1,1):
The first equation model returns. It says that the returns on day t+1 is equal to a product of its volatility on day t+1 and the standard normal distribution, denoted by N(0,1). The second equation is the heart of the GARCH(1,1) model. It says that to forecast tomorrow's variance, simply add today's squared return to today's variance and a constant term. The constant term, and the two coefficients (alpha and beta) can be easily estimated from data. For statistical reasons, alpha and beta added together must be positive but cannot exceed one. If the sum is close to one, volatility clustering occurs. If the sum is far below one, then volatility has no "memory". Empirically, daily returns of stocks, currencies and commodities tend to show strong evidence of volatility clustering.
The above pair of equations tells us that if we can model volatility accurately (using GARCH), then by the first equation, we can also forecast returns. The reverse is also true; if we can simulate future volatility, then we can insert this forecast into the first equation to simulate future returns. This interrelationships between returns level and returns volatility is the basis of the GARCH-MC simulation procedure which I will now elaborate.
Using random number generators (standard in most quantitative software packages), we can generate a set of artificial or pseudo random numbers drawn from the standard normal distribution:
where MC denotes the number of draws (typically large, for example 10,000). From these random numbers, we can calculate a set of hypothetical returns for tomorrow:
Given these hypothetical returns, we can update the variance to get a set of hypothetical variances for the day after tomorrow, t+2 as follows:
Next, we draw another set of MC random numbers from the N(0,1) distribution:
From this set, we can calculate the hypothetical return on day t+2 as:
and the update the variance using
If we keep repeating this process up to MC times, we will get the following sequence of simulated future returns and variances (read row-wise):
where each row corresponds to a Monte Carlo simulation path, which branches out from the first day variance
but which does not branch out after that. On each day, a given branch gets updated with a new random number different from the one used any of the days before. We end up with MC sequences of hypothetical daily returns for day t+1 to day t+K. From these hypothetical future daily returns, we can then calculate the hypothetical K-day return from each Monte Carlo path as follows:
If we collect these MC hypothetical K-day returns in a set
then we can obtain the K-day value-ask-risk (VAR) simply by calculating the 100pth percentile as follows:
Once again, the VAR is the 100p percentile of the portfolio, or more exactly, it is the value of the portfolio such that there is a 100p% chance that the portfolio has lower returns than this threshold.
Like the VAR, we can compute the expected shortfall risk (ES) at different horizons using the following equation:
where the indicator value 1(.) takes the value 1 if the argument is true and zero otherwise.
End of application!
Let's recap. We have applied Monte Carlo simulations to generate fictitious sequences of returns and volatility which are then fed into the VAR and ES equations to get summary measures of risk, either value-at-risk or expected shortfall risk. Throughout, we have used the GARCH(1,1) model as the model to forecast volatility. Apart from its elegant simplicity, this model is truly conditional in nature – tomorrow's volatility forecast is built on today's inputs which are already known, or simulated (as we have done). Armed with risk measures like the K-period VAR or better, the K-period ES, investors no longer have to helplessly 'grope in the dark', not knowing how the future will pan out for their investment. They now have numbers to guide their investment decisions, albeit numbers that are dependent on the assumptions of the GARCH model being the right one, and that returns conform to the normal distribution. More sophisticated models that relax these assumptions are available at the frontier of modern finance, but let's leave these to the experts!
Hands-on with the GARCH-MC Model
To get a better idea of how the model works using real data, click on the following spreadsheet which presents the data (daily prices and log returns) of the S&P 500 index over 10 years, the estimated coefficients of the GARCH(1,1) model, and a section which simulates future returns using the Monte Carlo method and then rank them from worst to best. The results are summarized in a scatter plot. The expected shortfall risk (ES) is also shown for the worst 5th, 10th and 20th percentiles of the simulated return distribution.
GARCH_Monte-CarloDownload
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Salem Saberhagen: The Ultimate Halloween Cat
Posted by Laurie Kay Olson on October 13, 2015
If there is one main animal icon of Halloween it is the black cat. It is
the familiar of witches everywhere. In American popular culture there
is one black cat that is more famous than all others it is Salem
Saberhagen from the television show Sabrina, the Teenage Witch. And --
boy! -- is he familiar with his witches. In fact, he tended to get all
the best lines and delivered them with skill.
Salem Reading Horror Stories for Halloween (Image via Facebook)
The thing about Salem is that he was once a witch himself. There are several back stories of how he ended up forced to live in cat form. For the television show it was because he had tried to take over the mortal world. He ended up as a part of the Spellman witches because Hilda Spellman had been one of his minions, "on the refreshments committee." For his crimes he was sentenced to being a cat for 100 years. Hilda's punishment was to keep him worm-free for that same 100 years.
Salem at a Halloween Party (Image via Facebook)
In the comic books he actually started out as a ginger cat with limited magical powers. In the television show he had no magical powers, other than the power of speech. It was that power that he used to great effect and rode his quips and one-liners straight to stardom.
While Salem was really a bionic cat (voiced by Nick Bakay), he had a number of stunt cats to take on the more physical scenes during the show's run from 1996 to 2003. He was the comic foil for the three witches he lived with in Massachusetts and continued his grabs for power, money, and food -- not to mention becoming human again. Without a doubt, many of the best lines in the show were written for the cat. He, or his bad advice to Sabrina, was also often the catalyst for the mayhem.
Salem and Two of his Witches (Image via Facebook)
While many of his lines were hysterical just because it was a cat saying them, others were pure gold in their own right. When told to guard the door Salem coolly replied, "Dogs guard. Cats watch . . . and judge." On the concept of Christmas trees, "First you kill a tree and then you humiliate it." He also gives wise culinary advice, "Cheetos should be served at room temperature, you know."
Despite his inherent need for naughty and his sharp wit, Salem is a well-loved character on the show even though it ended more than a decade ago. He took home a Kid's Choice Award in 1999 for Favorite Animal Star.
Sources: Wikipedia, Facebook, PopSugar, BuzzFeed
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The edicts of the Romans are still with us, aren't they.
This is an inspiring article. I've experienced a good deal of negativity just from having conversations about the lifestyle with other people but I haven't allowed that to distract me.


Dubai: Twelve rivals, headed by a formidable local superstar, will bid to thwart Thunder Snow's bid for a place in the history books when the 24th running of the Group 1 Dubai World Cup, sponsored by Emirates airline, unfolds at Dubai's iconic Meydan Racecourse on Saturday.
No horse has ever won the $12 million showpiece, which is run over a testing 2,000-metre dirt track, twice although there is no denying that several gallopers have given it a good shot.
A five-year-old son of Australian stallion Helmet, Thunder Snow had provided his trainer Saeed Bin Surour with an unprecedented eighth success in the race 12 months ago, when he dominated the opposition to win by five and three quarter lengths.
The Godolphin star is also seeking a third successive Dubai World Cup night victory having won the $2.5 million UAE Derby (G2) two years ago.
The mount of big-race Belgian jockey Christophe Soumillon, Thunder Snow makes his second appearance at Meydan this season, having finished runner-up to UAE-schooled Capezzano in his prep race, which was Round 3 of the Group 1 Al Maktoum Challenge on Super Saturday, March 9.
Among his rivals on Saturday are North America, an ex-Godolphin galloper who is contesting the Dubai World Cup for the second successive year, Breeders' Cup Classic (G1)-second Gunnevera, plus American Group 1 winners Seeking The Soul and Yoshida.
He's a horse with a lot of ability. He has improved a lot for his first run this year.
Bin Surour, who has sampled successes on most of the biggest racing stages around the world, believes that Thunder Snow will deliver a huge effort under the dazzling Meydan floodlights.
The Emirati said: "We always wanted to bring him back for a second shot at the Dubai World Cup after his American campaign.
Bin Surour also did not read too much into the fact that Thunder Snow drew an outside gate and said: "We can't do anything about the gate now. But I believe that in some ways it better than being drawn closer to the rail where he could land into a lot of trouble.
"Christophe is the ultimate professional and he knows Thunder Snow better than anybody. He's ridden him in 16 races and knows just what makes him tick.
"I'll leave it up to him. For sure it's going to be a very tactical race both him and his jockey have the class and ability to handle any situation," he added.
Satish Seemar has been dreaming of winning the Dubai World Cup for a long time and admitted that his nerves are getting the better of him.
"It's very exciting to have a horse like North America in the race," he said, "We believe that he is a big contender. He's in the best condition we could ever have him in and he's at good place right now.
Although the race would appear to be the culmination in a rivalry that Thunder Snow and North America have been engaged in, there are several other serious contenders vying for glory including the massively progressive Capezzano, who outstayed the former in the Al Maktoum Challenge (Round 3), American hold-up galloper Gunnevera and deep closers Seeking The Soul and Gronkowski.


Come see us for this year's gardening needs.
Speak with us if you have questions or need directions. We close during severe weather.
View our list of vegetables, herbs, flowers and more.
I personally plant after EARTH DAY, April 22. EASTER IS APRIL 21 so that is a good time this year. We are Closed Easter.
We are closed during severe weather. Call first.
NOTICE: not all varieties are available at the opening of season. We have some ready for the "Early Bird" gardeners. My suggested plant date is close to Earth Day, April 22nd. This is when the ground starts warming up and chance of frost is usually over. This is when all the varieties will be available. Planting too early causes the plants to struggle, and I personally have no time to "baby-sit" tomato plants. Peppers don't grow well until the ground gets very warm. They like it hot! Also, we grow 4 different tomato plantings during the season.
Usually we have 5 inch plants and taller at all times. I don't plant the "cut worm" size. I like taller plants so I can plant deep in the ground. You need to put 80% of the tomato plant deep in the ground, large or small.
Click here then scroll towards the bottom to see our recent article by Kathleen Trent of Madison County Master Gardeners.
West TN Master Gardeners Interview!
Welcome to the Sweet Lips Greenhouse. We are a Tennesse State Certified grower of over 60 varieties of Tomato plants, 24 varieties of pepper plants, and more varieties than I can count of flowers, heirlooms, garden seed, herbs, hanging baskets, annuals and more!
Our Products section is a great way for you to take a look at some of the things we offer, such as vegetables, flowers, herbs, and over 71 varieties of tomatoes.
Want to see pictures of the Nursery and my family? Click below to take a look at what life is like at the Nursery. When you're done, come see us in person!
Need to speak with us, have questions, or need a map of how to get here? Click below for the Contact section. We close during severe weather.


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Adam's story: How the gym has helped him
Scared of the gym? Struggling with your mental health during lockdown? We speak to our Ballymena member Adam about the positive impact joining the gym has had on him, and what advice he would give to anyone who keeps "putting off" going to the gym.
Adam joined in 2019 after being unhappy with his weight, look, and confidence. After regularly going to the gym a few times a week, he started to see a significant improvement in his self-confidence, physical health, and his mental health.
Read below to see his journey and what the gym means to him, in his own words. Thank you for being part of LSF family Adam!
Q: What does the gym mean to you?
A: "The gym is a fundamental part of my physical and mental wellbeing. After lockdown I realised how important the gym had been towards keeping a healthy lifestyle. After 4 months of losing my exercise routine, my lifestyle and confidence started to suffer during lockdown. It is important to me that I am making progress to help build self-confidence and working towards my weight goals."
Q: How often do you go to the gym?
A: "Before lockdown I used to go 2 or 3 times a week, which I found to be the perfect balance with my school schedule and other hobbies at the time. Following lockdown in the summer, I found myself with more time to spare and after 4 months of being stuck in the same environment every day, I wanted to make myself available for the gym more. So, I started to go 5 or 6 times a week when available, to keep myself occupied, build progress again, and make up for the months of no exercise during lockdown."
Q: What impact does it have on your health?
A: "I started going to Lifestyle Fitness in June 2019 after my friends encouraged me to go. I found myself unhappy with my weight, look, and confidence. As an asthmatic, I always struggled with exercise due to having poor stamina and being generally unfit. Through building an exercise regime at the gym, I have been able to build on my stamina and improve the condition of my asthma through exercise. This is something I had not even considered to be a result of exercising at the gym. My self-confidence has massively improved; I can look at myself in the mirror and be proud with the progress I have made."
Q: How important do you find going to the gym in terms of mental health? Did this change after lockdown?
A: "I never considered my mental health as something that the gym could have helped with prior to joining. I always thought going to the gym would be more of a chore in my life, rather than being a way of improving my mental wellbeing. But after a year it is easy to say that the rhythm and routine of exercise that the gym provides, gives me a reason to leave the house knowing that I have done something positive for myself."
"The closure of the gym during lockdown left a void in my everyday life that the gym once filled, and it deteriorated my mental health over the course of lockdown. I felt I lost progress of my fitness goals as days went by, that I could have spent time improving by exercising at the gym. When the gym reopened in July, I found myself so grateful to have something in my life to come back to. I never previously considered exercise to have a serious correlation with mental health. But as I have seen my confidence improve and seen the gym as a primary place to release stress from busy days, it is clear to me that a healthy lifestyle through exercise is a certain way to aid mental health."
Q: What recommendations would you give to others who haven't been to the gym for a while?
A: "To people who may find themselves putting off going to the gym, it is something that I can understand and relate to. I previously viewed the gym as more of a burden than a benefit or finding it easier to avoid the gym - due to a lack of motivation. But I found that even a bad workout is better than no workout. It's important to remember that results require patience and effort throughout. Though the commitment and consistency can sometimes be difficult to maintain, the benefits for one's physical and mental wellbeing are evidently a factor that makes it worth it."


We are a specialist employment support service, matching employer and jobseeker needs throughout Limerick City and County. We strive at all times to create good job matches, for us its about the right job for the person aswell as the right person for the job!
Advice on Employment Grants & Supports: We can offer you free advice and assistance with employment supports available from the Department of Social Protection.


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Q&A Ask Los Angeles
paulie123
What are the best school districts in LA County?
The opinions expressed here are those of the individual and not those of StreetAdvisor.
18 people following
this question
KimAndKristine 2yrs+
Santa Monica, Culver City, Manhattan Beach, and La Canada/Flintridge
Frank Nolan PRO 2yrs+
Check out www.greatschools.org
Anthony Carroll PRO 2yrs+
Here is the U.S.. News rankings for public High Schools in Los Angeles.
http://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/california/rankings?name=&schooltypepublic=y&county=los+angeles&state=ca
Lynne Pope Kw PRO 2yrs+
The South Bay Schools- there is so much to know and its fantastic. Talk to any family with children in Manhattan - Hermosa and south Redondo Beach, Palos Verdes and up and coming new excitement in El Segundo Schools and you will find they feel they are in the best area, best schools and best quality of life with education. Manhattan Beach and Hermosa Beach share Mira Costa High school right now. West High in Torrance has high standings on par with Palos Verdes. For a family that couldn't afford the South Bay we discovered happily that they are in Rossmoor by Seal Beach for top schools in the country as well. I have DIRECT family experience- 3 children and 5 grandchildren going through so many local schools- Hermosa Beach Valley and View, Manhattan Beach Montessori, Rolling Hills Country Day, Chadwick, Tulita, Carden Dominion, Riviera Hall, Parras, Mira Costa, USC, UCLA, AFI, OTIS, Berkeley School of Music, and CAL ARTS Its a deep subject and families find the perfect school with research. Realtors have so much local knowledge and want to share.
Fact is that everyone loves the one" they have" at the Beach. Put a Manhattan Beach, Hermosa Beach, Redondo Beach, Palos Verdes, El Segundo, and Torrance representative in a room and you will see some interesting details emerge. These are all TOP schools and nobody is moving.
Do some real homework. Research; take your kids for school visits. Google then go. there are so many sites here is one. http://school.hiwhy.com/los-angeles-county/. My dear friend has an amazing daughter who is an actress and scientist. She completed 8th grade in private school as a top student. They wanted the very best High School for her and planned to move to that community. I put out my olive branch, "please check out Mira Costa, you can live in Manhattan or Hermosa and check out the high schools in PV." I promised him they were worth the visits. Friends in La Canada and all over the LA wanted them to try their schools. After really studying them they chose to move to Lunada Bay in PV because the school has a block system. Its perfect for her talents. Our family chose Chadwick for High School and our grandkids love Rolling Hills Country Day. These are communities of kids and friends that will know each other for life. As a Realtor we need to know and do know the schools and their merits private or public in he South Bay. But there is more- when I could not find the price point for a wonderful family here then Rossmoor District near Seal Beach turned out to be an amazing choice for them and I sold 2 there last year. Both my parents were teachers, my dad and husband went to USC, we love schools. Its Synergy, the one you choose is the best, for you.
Lauren Perreault PRO 2yrs+
Palos Verdes Peninsula Unified is probably the best, but Manhattan Beach is a very very close second. Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, and Torrance are also excellent. A sleeper school district that not many people are aware of, and that has more affordable homes than most of these others, is the Wiseburn school district which serves a small slice of Hawthorne and parts of El Segundo. This school district seceded from the Hawthorne Centinela Valley district due to the efforts of committed parents and homeowners and now is getting close to rivaling Redondo Beach for quality of schools -- with homes at least 25 percent cheaper!
Andy McGuire 2yrs+
Manhattan Beach Unified and Palos Verdes School District are the top two in the South Bay area. A huge reason most people move to Manhattan Beach from out of the area is simply for the school district. Hermosa Beach and Redondo are good as well, but Manhattan is known as the best. Here is more info on the school district: http://www.manhattan.k12.ca.us/
theleg95 2yrs+
No one beats San Marino School District, the only problem is you have to be able to afford a house there. Highest API scores in Southern California.
Rachel Tyndall Martiens PRO 2yrs+
Palos Verdes is one of the best public school districts in L.A.. Learn all about by watching this video: http://youtu.be/kfch0nRFjXs
Maureen Megowan PRO 2yrs+
The Palos Verdes School District is one of the best school districts in the State. See my website at http://www.maureenmegowan.com/convertedpages/pvschools.html for more info
melly2 2yrs+
Palos Verdes Peninsula Unfied. Peninsula High School has the most Merit Finalists in the whole country. The schools in this district have high parent involvement. Every school in this district is outstanding.
sabines 2yrs+
The Palos Verdes Unifed School District. All the schools in this district rank super high. The two high schools (Palos Verdes High School and Palos Verdes Peninsula High) are two of the top high schools in the country.
Kathy Tyndall PRO 2yrs+
The best school districts in the South Bay section of Los Angeles County are the Palos Verdes School District and the Manhattan Beach School District.
JenMac 2yrs+
I would say go for South Pasadena, Torrance, Palos Verde or Burbank. Stay away from Los Angeles Unified.
Travelling to Los Angeles?
Popular Questions in Los Angeles
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J&J Delivers Crushing Blow in Baby Powder Lawsuit
Johnson & Johnson Wins Talcum Powder Lawsuit
While more than 2,500 lawsuits related to the talcum powder products are pending in state court in St. Louis, three prior jury verdicts awarded plaintiffs a total of $195 million.
In February 2016, J&J was ordered to pay out $72 million to the family …
Original report is here
Talcum Powder Lawsuit Parties Submit Letter Detailing Progress in Federal Multidistrict Litigation
Dozens of talcum powder lawsuits filed on behalf of women who allegedly developed ovarian cancer due to Johnson & Johnson's talc-based powders are moving forward in a multidistrict litigation now underway in …
Defense Verdict in Talcum Powder Lawsuit Ends Johnson & Johnson's Losing Streak
Johnson & Johnson has been cleared of liability in the latest trial involving talcum powder and ovarian cancer.
The verdict was the first win for Johnson & Johnson, which had already been assessed massive judgments in three earlier talcum powder trials.
Original story is here
Can You be Arrested for Refusing to Let Cops Seize Your Phone?
Project Clean Slate Helps Detroit Residents Wipe Criminal Records
What Is the Difference Between Negligence and Recklessness in a Personal Injury Case?
Truck Driver Charged In Crash That Killed Seven Motorcyclists
Growth in Emotional Support Animal Licenses Spurs New Laws


The Division coordinates leisure and well being programs and actions on the Cambridge Warfare Memorial Recreation Coronary heart , the Gold Star Mothers' Pool and summer season youngsters's actions at neighborhood parks and playgrounds. The Healthful Existence program seeks to take care of weight-associated properly being issues for children by providing caring suppliers, family-centered remedy purposes, highly expert educators and researchers, and robust group partnerships. Nurture your want to help others and make a optimistic impression daily throughout the quickly evolving world of HEALTHCARE, AUDIOMETRY and OPTICAL. TAFE NSW can provide you a wide range of medical, technical and administrative healthcare skills for careers on this numerous and rising sector.
Merrill Lynch Wealth Management makes available services offered by MLPF&S and different subsidiaries of Bank of America Corporation. Merrill Edge is out there by way of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Included (MLPF&S) and consists of the Merrill Edge Advisory Heart (funding guidance) and self-directed online investing.
Bukan pengguna Twitter? Daftar, ikuti hal-hal yang Anda minati, dan dapatkan pembaruan saat itu terjadi. Designing a website to display your goods and providers to the online users conveniently. Web site even be created for a corporeal goal akin to Bio-Portfolio etc.
WordPress and Blogger are the two major platforms which might support media & textual content heavy blogs. They both supply a plethora of features and functionalities that sometimes confuse the brand new bloggers. Although these two supply eye-catching designs, but the most effective running a blog platform for novice bloggers won't be the best one of many superior bloggers. Another deciding issue you want bear in mind is the purpose of building a blog.
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This article advises students on how to order dissertation(s) and the best approach to take when doing this. This short guide is particularly relevant to undergraduate college students who have not been properly coached in the use of academic conventions at their high schools and/or community colleges.
Invariably, the process of learning is by rote, and the application of analytical and cognitive thinking skills are neglected. But the process of ordering a custom dissertation (particularly when using an online writing service provider) need not be difficult for new students if a few practical and basic steps are followed. Here are a few tips to kick-start the process.
Search engine relevance – to eliminate time-wasting, keep your keyword search short but relevant to your subject or course major.
Prioritization – After you've collated a list of websites to browse, you can then narrow down your selections in order of relevance (to your dissertation objectives), quality and authenticity.
Before providing you with any further tips, it is essential for you to work on your own reading and writing skills. The custom dissertation needs to respond to your own research and writing work. The best academic writers know this well. Bear in mind that their focus should mainly be on the creative, grammatical and technical structure of the academic paper. They will be applying skills that will result in a final paper that reflects your own work and voice. Further, note that the best academic writing services are not copied and paste-oriented and will not spoon feed you without any input from yourself.
Let us then move on to two more noteworthy items to bear in mind when looking for a credible dissertation writing agency.
Read, write and research – Do not delay your own work while searching for online or on-campus writing help. This will only enhance your own skills and success in finding the right team of writers.
Check, verify – Make sure that your sourced service is authentic and relevant to your academic work. The best service provider will be providing you with all relevant information that should include items such as qualifications, proposed strategies and work samples without you having to ask for them.
These are just a few hints on the approach you should take towards finding the most suitable writing service provider. More resources are available. You can check this by utilizing your campus library resources and then broaden your search.


Any current or former MSC student may request a transcript at any time. Transcripts will not be issued if there is indebtedness to the college or a Business Office hold is placed on the account. Murray State College has retained the National Student Clearinghouse to accept and process transcript orders. Please follow the National Student Clearinghouse link provided to access this service.
Murray State College will expedite the processing of transcripts through the Clearinghouse. Requests made during peak processing times or when the college is closed will be processed as quickly as possible when the college re-opens. The dates when the college will be closed will be posted on the Clearinghouse site as they become available.
There is a charge up to $10 per transcript and will depend on the method of delivery you choose. Delivery options available are electronic, fax, and mail & print. Please check with the receiving institution to ensure that they will accept your chosen method of delivery. If you wish them to reflect end of semester grades or degree confirmations, please request the transcript after it has been updated to include this information.
MSC students may obtain up to a maximum of 5 free transcripts. To obtain a free transcript, the student must request it in person at the Tishomingo campus only.


At Reeders we like to keep you regularly informed about all of our forthcoming events. These dates for your diary will include practice evenings, competitions, examination sessions and associated events which Reeders Dance Studio presents.
If you require any further details of any events listed, please feel free to either email or telephone and we will be delighted to help. Likewise, any session that requires tickets or pre-booking please contact us.
This list of events is regularly updated, however if you can email us with your requirements we can put you on our email list and you will receive our free monthly newsletter.


A platelet clumping defect caused by a deficiency of the blood glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (vWF), von Willebrand's disease is common in certain dog breeds. This pet health problem is genetic and has several forms ranging in severity from extremely serious to minor. While von Willebrand's disease is the most common inherited canine bleeding disorder, it is very rare in cats.
Necessary for appropriate blood clotting, vWF helps to make platelets adherent, and it binds another protein essential for clot formation. When a pet does not have sufficient vWF, blood clotting time is prolonged. This means that affected cats and dogs can have abnormal bleeding episodes and tend to bleed excessively after injuries. Animals with Type I von Willebrand's disease, the most common form of the disorder, have mild to moderate bleeding problems. Those with Types II and III have severe bleeding disorders. Type I von Willebrand's disease is thought to be incompletely dominant. This means an animal can show symptoms if it has only one copy of the defective vWF gene, and the disorder is not expressed to the same extent in all animals with the defective gene. The two more serious forms of the disease are recessive. This means that an animal must have two copies of the defective gene before showing signs of the disorder.
Symptoms of the disease vary depending on the animal's vWF levels. Animals with Type I disease may have symptoms that are easy to miss while those with more severe forms have more obvious symptoms. Common signs of this health problem in pets include the following: Nose bleeds, Bleeding gums, Blood in the urine, Black or red blood in the stool, Excessive bruising and Prolonged or excessive bleeding after injury or surgery.
Most dogs and cats with mild to moderate disease require little treatment. Animals with severe disease require more careful management and may need repeated transfusions of blood and blood products to prevent hemorrhage. All pets with von Willebrand's disease may also require transfusions before surgery to prevent excessive intraoperative and postoperative bleeding. In addition, all affected animals need emergency veterinary treatment to manage bleeding episodes.
Type I von Willebrand's disease is found in all dog breeds, but it is most common among members of the following breeds: Doberman pinscher, Scottish terrier, Shetland sheepdog, Golden retriever, Standard poodle, Miniature poodle, Pembroke Welsh corgi, Miniature schnauzer, Basset hound, Rottweiler, German shepherd, Manchester terrier, Dachshund and Keeshond. Type II disease is much less common but has been associated with these breeds: Scottish terrier, Chesapeake Bay retriever and Shetland sheepdog. The rarest form of the disorder, Type III von Willebrand's disease, may be more common in German short-haired pointers than in dogs of other breeds. The feline form of von Willebrand's disease is extremely rare, and there is no strong association with any breed.


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This information applies to Operational and Service Delivery roles only. Management Committee roles are advertised separately and elections are held at the Annual General Meeting (AGM).
The support people will have discussions with members to find appropriate volunteers in their portfolio. Timeframes are: Service Delivery (Team Roles) – from sign on to start of season and Operational Roles – advertised at start of the season and filled at the same time as the AGM (in November) unless there is a vacancy at an earlier date.
Prospective applicants will express interest to their support person either verbally or by email. The support person will refer them to the appropriate Task Sheet on the website. Task Sheets are available here: Operational Roles Coach/Assistant Coach Captain/Vice Captain Manager and Scorer (Service Delivery Roles). Please refer below for the appropriate support person.
The Junior, Youth and Senior Managers will discuss the applications with the Cricket Operations Manager. With reference to the other roles, the relevant Management Committee portfolio holder will be responsible for choosing the correct applicant in their portfolio. If there are multiple applicants or an applicant may not be appropriate, the Management Committee will make the final decision.
Once a decision is made, the support person will notify the Secretary.
The Secretary will update the applicant's Blue Card status (where required) and email the online induction links. The applicant (in most cases) will need to have a current Blue Card and complete the online induction process to receive their volunteer payment. Once the survey has been completed (and a Blue Card obtained where required) the Secretary will notify the Treasurer to make payment.


Yvette St. Amant was born Thunder Bay, Ontario. She attended Lakehead University from where she graduated with a Bachelors Degree in Fine Arts. She started producing serious paintings shortly after her graduation, though art has been her passion since childhood, and she had a dream of becoming a full time artist in her adulthood. Today she resides in Surprise, Arizona where she continues to fulfill her passion for painting. Her art is easily recognizable because of her unique style and technique. Her art, particularly "Birds of Paradise I & II", showcase her ability to capture the freshness of early spring foliage, as well as the heat of the tropics in brilliant color. Color is something Yvette loves, and she knows how to use it to bring a sense of balance in her art. She has a strong passion for wildlife and this passion has inspired her to produce a series of large scale paintings featuring exotic animals.
Most of her art are sold as framed art, though there are other finishing options that also come in different sizes. Her art can be found on the walls of many prestigious spaces, galleries and institutions all over the world. Even though Yvette is a professional artist, she's not stopped learning. She wants to keep her art fresh by associating with her fellow artists so she can learn from them. Since 2004, she's been established as a published artist with Canadian Art Prints. Her pieces exhibit vivacious color palettes that she enhances by a combination of visible and blended abstract elements and brush strokes.


Championship strugglers Blackburn drew with managerless Wolves in a game marked by protests by home supporters.
Rovers fans showed their opposition to Indian owners Venky's by not taking their seats until the 18th minute and then walking out in the 75th minute.
Sam Gallagher's superb early volley put Blackburn ahead at the break.
Dave Edwards headed in Matt Doherty's cross to level but Wolves, who sacked Walter Zenga on Tuesday, are now without a win in their last six games.
Blackburn fans held a protest outside the ground before kick-off, while the timing of their late entry and early departure reflected the date of the club's founding in 1875.
Several banners criticising the club's owners were visible in the sparsely-populated stands at Ewood Park throughout the match.
After falling behind the visitors, with caretaker boss Rob Edwards in the dugout amid reports Nigel Pearson has been interviewed to replace Zenga, looked bright and could have levelled through Edwards or Conor Coady before the break.
Substitute goalkeeper Andy Lonergan denied Rovers striker Gallagher a second goal just after the hour mark and the hosts may have complaints about the equaliser, with Doherty narrowly offside when he picked up the ball after Blackburn keeper Jason Steele palmed away Joao Teixeira's shot.
Victory would have lifted Rovers out of the relegation zone, but they are now 23rd, while Wolves are three points above the bottom three in 17th.
Match ends, Blackburn Rovers 1, Wolverhampton Wanderers 1.
Second Half ends, Blackburn Rovers 1, Wolverhampton Wanderers 1.
Attempt missed. Matt Doherty (Wolverhampton Wanderers) right footed shot from the centre of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Ivan Cavaleiro.
Attempt missed. Danny Guthrie (Blackburn Rovers) right footed shot from outside the box is too high. Assisted by Ben Marshall.
Attempt missed. Stephen Hendrie (Blackburn Rovers) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left. Assisted by Anthony Stokes.
Attempt missed. Sam Gallagher (Blackburn Rovers) right footed shot from the right side of the six yard box is high and wide to the right. Assisted by Anthony Stokes with a cross.
Attempt missed. João Teixeira (Wolverhampton Wanderers) right footed shot from outside the box misses to the left following a corner.
Corner, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Conceded by Stephen Hendrie.
Corner, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Conceded by Jason Lowe.
Corner, Blackburn Rovers. Conceded by Kortney Hause.
Corner, Blackburn Rovers. Conceded by Danny Batth.
Attempt saved. Craig Conway (Blackburn Rovers) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom left corner. Assisted by Ben Marshall.
Attempt missed. Matt Doherty (Wolverhampton Wanderers) left footed shot from outside the box is too high following a corner.
Corner, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Conceded by Jason Steele.
Attempt saved. Ivan Cavaleiro (Wolverhampton Wanderers) right footed shot from outside the box is saved in the top right corner. Assisted by Conor Coady.
Substitution, Blackburn Rovers. Anthony Stokes replaces Marvin Emnes.
Goal! Blackburn Rovers 1, Wolverhampton Wanderers 1. David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers) header from very close range to the bottom left corner. Assisted by Matt Doherty with a cross.
Attempt saved. João Teixeira (Wolverhampton Wanderers) left footed shot from outside the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Hélder Costa.
Attempt missed. João Teixeira (Wolverhampton Wanderers) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the left from a direct free kick.
Attempt missed. David Edwards (Wolverhampton Wanderers) header from the left side of the six yard box is high and wide to the left. Assisted by Hélder Costa with a cross.
Substitution, Blackburn Rovers. Stephen Hendrie replaces Charlie Mulgrew because of an injury.
Delay in match Charlie Mulgrew (Blackburn Rovers) because of an injury.
João Teixeira (Wolverhampton Wanderers) is shown the yellow card.
Foul by João Teixeira (Wolverhampton Wanderers).
Attempt missed. Gordon Greer (Blackburn Rovers) header from the right side of the six yard box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Craig Conway with a cross following a corner.
Substitution, Wolverhampton Wanderers. Ivan Cavaleiro replaces Jed Wallace.
Attempt saved. Sam Gallagher (Blackburn Rovers) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Marvin Emnes.
Offside, Blackburn Rovers. Charlie Mulgrew tries a through ball, but Craig Conway is caught offside.
Attempt blocked. Darragh Lenihan (Blackburn Rovers) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Sam Gallagher with a headed pass.


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API documentation is the primary communication medium between the API provider and consumer. Unless the API is open source, you will likely never see the source code behind it. Therefore, the only thing that developers consuming your API have is your documentation. Without clear and complete documentation, developers will struggle to use your API.
Features and Discovery – Provides an overview of the API, addressing concerns such as benefits, capabilities, and pricing of your API to qualify prospects.
Case Studies and Examples – Case studies highlight applications that have been built using your API.
Reference Docs – Provides a reference for each API endpoint to developers, including details on the URL, HTTP verb(s) supported, response codes, and data formats. This is where Swagger, RAML, and Blueprint formats are used to generate documentation from an API definition.
Guides and Concepts – As an API consumer, the most difficult part of using an API is the initial learning curve. Guides offer help with learning an API's concepts and vocabulary during this critical stage.
Problem/Resolution – Documentation can help developers troubleshoot error response codes and ease the burden on your developers and support staff.
Changelog – Shows what has been added or improved recently, helping developers to find new ways to use your API.
Easy Onboarding – APIs rarely gain adoption if you make it difficult to get started. Easy onboarding, from self-registration to a guided tour will help developers overcome the challenges to adopting a new API.
Operational Status – Is your API available or temporarily down? A simple status page that reflects your API's availability will help to inform developers and operations staff that see increased errors in their applications.


This first step in an HMI development will usually be an HMI analysis. Existing solutions and benchmark systems are analyzed by the TES expert teams using established tools and methods like the Cognitive Walkthrough. In a very foreseeable timeframe psychologists, HMI engineers, and graphic designers find major pros and cons of an existing system, a prototype or even a concept. Bugs are recognized and solutions are sketched.
To improve the quality of an HMI solution usability tests and studies are essential. With its highly experienced experts TES offers a wide variety of studies, like non-comparative studies, comparative studies, quick & dirty tests, benchmark studies, and cross cultural studies. For any of these studies we use our extensive participant data base to recruit the required sample. These persons are watched by our psychologists while using an HMI. Behavioral data is collected just as well as questionnaire and interview data.


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Brand Studio Masterminds
How Centrepoint Used Facebook to Boost Sales in Saudi Arabia at a Lower Cost
By Nathalie BontemsThu, Nov 19 2020
"While we were successful in driving increased sales via Facebook and Instagram, it was important for us to have a cost-effective strategy to do the same. By moving to a value-driven optimization, not only did we see an increase in our sales but we also saw a reduction in the cost per transaction. Facebook and Instagram have been our go-to channels to drive incrementality." – Mithil Shah, Senior Marketing Manager – Digital at Centrepoint (Middle East)
In January 2020, retail store chain Centrepoint, part of the Landmark Group, launched a large campaign on Facebook and Instagram, aimed at increasing sales and attracting new customers in Saudi Arabia to its online platform.
Launched in Kuwait in 2005, Centrepoint illustrates the Landmark Group's strategy of fostering synergies between its core retail concepts – Babyshop, Splash, Shoemart, and Lifestyle – under one identity. With Centrepoint, the group created a single fashion destination for an aspiring generation of shoppers. It now has 140 stores across the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and Lebanon, serving 35 million customers shopping for fashion, makeup, home décor, and baby products.
The campaign relied on Facebook's Dynamic Ads solution, along with Collection and Carousel ad formats, to target Saudi customers and encourage them to purchase products from the brand's online catalogue.
The initiative, that ran for two months, delivered impressive results, allowing for substantial returns on ad spend and conversions at a lower cost.
Here's what Mithil Shah, Senior Marketing Manager – Digital at Centrepoint, told us about the campaign.
What were the main goals for the digital campaign that ran on Facebook platforms?
Our main objective was to boost incremental online sales in Saudi Arabia while increasing return on ad spend. Working with Facebook's media agency partner Forwardpmx, we developed a series of campaigns around the catalogue sales objective, driving people to buy products from this catalogue online.
Why did you choose Facebook's marketing solutions, out of many alternatives?
For the last three years, Facebook has been a strong strategic partner to grow Centrepoint's e-commerce business through a varity of optimization solutions, especially focusing on online conversions and customer acquisition. We have also been successful in serving relevants ads to our retail customer via SSD & SSO optimization solutions provided by Facebook. With this combination, Facebook has been able to provide a holistic omnichannel solution for Centrepoint, which has given us the edge over our competition. With Facebook, we can reach the most relevant customers while maintaining our cost of sale and cost of acquisition. Another reason why we chose Facebook was the ease of implementation and testing. Our counterparts at Facebook, along with our agency Forwardpmx, have been quite proactive in driving optimization, tests, and also providing creative solutions when it comes to Centrepoint's ads. Facebook's insights tool has come a long way and this has particularly helped us in creating relevant audiences and measuring test results very quicky, which gives us the opportunity to learn and implement fast. Facebook will remain a strong strategic partner for us to grow our overall omnichannel business across the Middle East.
Which Facebook/Instagram solutions/products did you use for this campaign?
Once our catalogue was uploaded to Facebook, we used Facebook Dynamic Ads, as well as Collection and Carousel ads, to optimize results for specific actions throughout the customer journey – such as Purchase, Add to Cart or View Content – and target the people most likely to perform these actions. We also used bidding strategies in order to determine which approach drove the best results.
We had a dual objective: to increase purchases from existing customers and to attract new customers. As a result, all of our ads targeted Saudi adult customers (aged 18 years and older) who had never visited the Centrepoint website or used its app in the past 30 days. This included the Collection and Carousel formats; Carousel ads can display up to ten images or videos on cards within a single message, which leaves more room for products, portions of a brand story, or specific calls to action. Meanwhile, Dynamic Ads displayed relevant products to people who had visited the company's website or used its mobile app. In addition, these Dynamic Ads were also shown, using broad targeting, to people who hadn't visited the site or app, but who had visited, viewed, or interacted with similar products to Centrepoint's and who were identified as high-intent shoppers.
The campaign also used automatic placements on Facebook and Instagram to generate sales at the lowest average cost.
What were the results of the campaign and did you achieve your goals?
The campaign achieved desirable results with a sales lift of 36.8% while improving efficiencies with a ROAS lift of 2.45x.
Which measurement methods did you use to gain new learnings?
We looked at a Facebook conversion lift study for the incremental metrics, and at data from Facebook attribution to get a deeper view of the results based on demographics and the ideal windows to target users.
Centrepoint E-Commerce Facebook Instagram Mithil Shah Optimization
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Snarky Puppy (US)
The once Texan, now New York-based quasi-collective Snarky Puppy has gone from the best-kept secret to one of the most respected names in instrumental music. Although still "underground" in many respects, the band earned its first Grammy Award in early 2014 (for Best R&B Performance) and has earned high praise from critical stalwarts like the BBC, Village Voice, Guardian, and Boston Herald, as well as the world's most respected musicians, from Pat Metheny to Prince.
They topped the ITUNES Jazz Charts with their Grammy-winning 2013 release, "Family Dinner - Volume One."
The band has always used live performance as its chief form of evangelism, and maintains a more intense tour schedule than almost any band in the idiom. Over the course of 2013, Snarky Puppy gave almost 200 performances and workshops on four continents, including North Sea Jazz, Monterey Jazz Festival, Jazz � Vienne, Blue Note Tokyo, and the Melbourne International Jazz Festival.
Snarky Puppy seamlessly fuses a deep knowledge and respect for musical tradition with sonic and conceptual innovation in a way that is able to reach the most critical- or most carefree- audience. The convergence of musicians from white and black America (who also perform regularly with artists like Erykah Badu, Snoop Dogg, Kirk Franklin, Justin Timberlake, Roy Hargrove, and Marcus Miller among others), which occurred while the band was in its adolescence at the University of North Texas, has naturally established a system of balance that instantly draws listeners to the music- raw funk and sensitive dynamics, relentless pocket and lyrical melodicism, lush harmony and soulful simplicity, and most importantly, a delicate mixture of composition and improvisation.
The group is led by bassist/guitarist/composer/arranger Michael League, whose creative grass-roots approach to a tougher-than-ever industry has created a new model for independent artists. Snarky Puppy is a threeheaded creature: first, and most obviously- an original music ensemble. Second- a production team and session band for individual artists. Third, and probably most importantly- Snarky Puppy is a group of musicians enthusiastically committed to music education and community outreach. Working with groups like ROAM (Roots Of American Music) in inner city Cleveland and the Music Lab at Jefferson Center in Roanoke, as well as giving clinics at hundreds of colleges, high schools, and middle schools worldwide, the band has made a strong commitment to spreading their love of music and general positivity to a young generation looking for something real to be inspired by.
http://snarkypuppy.com/


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Vadym Rodina (, born 24 March 1988 in Kiev, in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union) is a Ukrainian football defender who played for FC Zirka Kirovohrad in the Ukrainian First League.

External links
Profile at Official Site FFU (Ukr)

1988 births
Living people
Ukrainian footballers
Association football defenders
FC Dynamo Kyiv players
FC Obolon-Brovar Kyiv players
FC Zirka Kropyvnytskyi players
Footballers from Kyiv

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


2 years or so in WoW, none outside.
Rise of the Horde, Arthas' rise to becoming the Lich King, War of the Ancients, etc.
I haven't particularly disliked any part of lore as of current.
Where one player disregards all harmful posts against his/her character, assuming the situation is RP combat, and would demonstrate posts that would therwise beimpossible for the other player's character to protect his/herself from. There is no situation where godmodding should be used or tolerated.
I assumed metagaming was the same concept as godmodding, where one character blatantly breaks lore or causes other player's characters to be unaffective against their own, ignoring posts. If such is the case, then the same would apply to metagaming as does godmodding, there is no situation where it should be used or tolerated.
A healthy, safe, and friendly environment for all members and a place they all feel welcome in. Essentially, good friends and a good home.
Brief Physical Description: Myrinas stood at a proud 6'3" 210 lbs with the physique of any armsman, athletic and muscular. Consistent practice with dual wielding blades more than half his size has led to a slightly more built framework than an average Sin'dorei male of his age, however he is not what one would call "grotesquely muscular." His pale blond hair falls just past the middle of his back and the few stray locks in front, on either side of his face, fell easily past his shoulders and to his chest, the soft locks framed a gentle and young face, tanned by constant exposure to the sun in all places of the world. Perhaps the most appealing asset of his soft, and somewhat handsome, features were the bright, piercing jade eyes peering out from behind stray strands of hair falling over his face.
Born into the common family of Dawnfury, Myrinas spent most of his time in Quel'thalas training and studying to be an armsman, as soon as he was ready he lent his blade to the Horde and Argent Crusade in Icecrown where he would hone his skills as a warrior and participate upon the siege of Icecrown Citadel. Myrinas aided in clearing out the small pockets of Scourge hidden away in Icecrown after the Fall of the Lich King before returning home to continue his training and fighting against the Alliance in the name of his people, to protect and serve them in any way he could. He now wishes not only to make the Dawnfury name one to be remembered by his people, the Horde, and the Alliance, but he hopes to aid his kin and protect them by doing so.
Fighting Specialization: Skilled in most forms of combat, specializing in dual wielding large weapons, preferably blades, and bows as well as wielding a single large blade. Excluding guns, crossbows, wands and staves I am experienced in using most all forms of weaponry.