text:
import sys
_b = sys.version_info[0] < 3 and (lambda x: x) or (lambda x: x.encode('latin1'))
from google.protobuf import descriptor as _descriptor
from google.protobuf import message as _message
from google.protobuf import reflection as _reflection
from google.protobuf import symbol_database as _symbol_database
# @@protoc_insertion_point(imports)

_sym_db = _symbol_database.Default()

DESCRIPTOR = _descriptor.FileDescriptor(name='onehot-param.proto', package='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer', syntax='proto3', serialized_options=_b('B\020OneHotParamProto'), serialized_pb=_b(
    '\n\x12onehot-param.proto\x12&com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer\"6\n\x07\x43olsMap\x12\x0e\n\x06values\x18\x01 \x03(\t\x12\x1b\n\x13transformed_headers\x18\x02 \x03(\t\"\xd6\x01\n\x0bOneHotParam\x12P\n\x07\x63ol_map\x18\x01 \x03(\x0b\x32?.com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.ColMapEntry\x12\x15\n\rresult_header\x18\x02 \x03(\t\x1a^\n\x0b\x43olMapEntry\x12\x0b\n\x03key\x18\x01 \x01(\t\x12>\n\x05value\x18\x02 \x01(\x0b\x32/.com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.ColsMap:\x02\x38\x01\x42\x12\x42\x10OneHotParamProtob\x06proto3'))

_COLSMAP = _descriptor.Descriptor(
    name='ColsMap',
    full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.ColsMap',
    filename=None,
    file=DESCRIPTOR,
    containing_type=None,
    fields=[
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='values',
            full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.ColsMap.values',
            index=0,
            number=1,
            type=9,
            cpp_type=9,
            label=3,
            has_default_value=False,
            default_value=[],
            message_type=None,
            enum_type=None,
            containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False,
            extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None,
            file=DESCRIPTOR),
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='transformed_headers',
            full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.ColsMap.transformed_headers',
            index=1,
            number=2,
            type=9,
            cpp_type=9,
            label=3,
            has_default_value=False,
            default_value=[],
            message_type=None,
            enum_type=None,
            containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False,
            extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None,
            file=DESCRIPTOR),
    ],
    extensions=[],
    nested_types=[],
    enum_types=[],
    serialized_options=None,
    is_extendable=False,
    syntax='proto3',
    extension_ranges=[],
    oneofs=[],
    serialized_start=62,
    serialized_end=116,
)

_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY = _descriptor.Descriptor(
    name='ColMapEntry',
    full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.ColMapEntry',
    filename=None,
    file=DESCRIPTOR,
    containing_type=None,
    fields=[
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='key', full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.ColMapEntry.key', index=0,
            number=1, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=1,
            has_default_value=False, default_value=_b("").decode('utf-8'),
            message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None, file=DESCRIPTOR),
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='value', full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.ColMapEntry.value', index=1,
            number=2, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=1,
            has_default_value=False, default_value=None,
            message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None, file=DESCRIPTOR),
    ],
    extensions=[
    ],
    nested_types=[],
    enum_types=[
    ],
    serialized_options=_b('8\001'),
    is_extendable=False,
    syntax='proto3',
    extension_ranges=[],
    oneofs=[
    ],
    serialized_start=239,
    serialized_end=333,
)

_ONEHOTPARAM = _descriptor.Descriptor(
    name='OneHotParam',
    full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam',
    filename=None,
    file=DESCRIPTOR,
    containing_type=None,
    fields=[
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='col_map', full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.col_map', index=0,
            number=1, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=3,
            has_default_value=False, default_value=[],
            message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None, file=DESCRIPTOR),
        _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
            name='result_header', full_name='com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.result_header', index=1,
            number=2, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=3,
            has_default_value=False, default_value=[],
            message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
            is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
            serialized_options=None, file=DESCRIPTOR),
    ],
    extensions=[
    ],
    nested_types=[_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY, ],
    enum_types=[
    ],
    serialized_options=None,
    is_extendable=False,
    syntax='proto3',
    extension_ranges=[],
    oneofs=[
    ],
    serialized_start=119,
    serialized_end=333,
)

_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY.fields_by_name['value'].message_type = _COLSMAP
_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY.containing_type = _ONEHOTPARAM
_ONEHOTPARAM.fields_by_name['col_map'].message_type = _ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY
DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name['ColsMap'] = _COLSMAP
DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name['OneHotParam'] = _ONEHOTPARAM
_sym_db.RegisterFileDescriptor(DESCRIPTOR)

ColsMap = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('ColsMap', (_message.Message,), dict(
    DESCRIPTOR=_COLSMAP,
    __module__='onehot_param_pb2'
    # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.ColsMap)
))
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(ColsMap)

OneHotParam = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('OneHotParam', (_message.Message,), dict(

    ColMapEntry=_reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('ColMapEntry', (_message.Message,), dict(
        DESCRIPTOR=_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY,
        __module__='onehot_param_pb2'
        # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam.ColMapEntry)
    )),
    DESCRIPTOR=_ONEHOTPARAM,
    __module__='onehot_param_pb2'
    # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:com.webank.ai.fate.core.mlmodel.buffer.OneHotParam)
))
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(OneHotParam)
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(OneHotParam.ColMapEntry)

DESCRIPTOR._options = None
_ONEHOTPARAM_COLMAPENTRY._options = None
# @@protoc_insertion_point(module_scope)


text:
The Outside Lands artist brings the daughter onto the stage, the audience faints
Hearts fainted at the San Francisco Outside Lands Festival last Saturday as singer-songwriter Andrew McMahon brought his daughter onto the Sutro stage.
The audience could be heard broadcasting a collective "awww" as 7-year-old Cecila entered the stage.
Cecilia joined her father by his grand piano covered in stickers, and while McMahon played, the two sang the heartwarming song he wrote for her, called "Cecilia and the Satellite."
Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness will perform at the Outside Lands Music and Arts Festival 2021 at Golden Gate Park on October 30, 2021 in San Francisco, California.
Tim Mosenfelder / Getty Images
For all the things my eyes have seen, the best is far from you.
If I could fly, I would know
What life looks like from above and below.
I wanted to keep you safe, I wanted to keep you dry.
Do not be afraid, Cecilia, I'm the satellite.
And you are heaven.
I have a café crawling through Amsterdam.
I've been around the world with a punk rock band.
And I've seen London, and I've played Japan.
I have been overthrown, I got up again.
For all the places I've been, I'm nowhere without you.
During the chorus, the audience was present, some with tears in their eyes. The moment ended with McMahon and Cecilia giving each other a huge hug, and McMahon picked up his daughter and lifted her up on the piano so that her feet moved across the keys.
McMahon wrote the song in 2014 when his wife, Kelly Hansch, was pregnant with their daughter. It was released as a single and later on his album "Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness." The song became a radio hit.
Before McMahon's daughter joined him, he told of his battle with cancer. He was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia in 2005 at the age of 22. He mentioned his foundation Dear Jack Foundation, which supports young and young adult cancer patients, survivors and their families.
McMahon was vocalist and pianist for the band Something Corporate and has recently performed as a solo act under his own name or the moniker Andrew McMahon in the Wilderness.
'Yellowjackets' Finale: Most compelling new show in years of answers to (some) questions
Shang-Chi VFX team hints at where Bruce Banner is during the Credits scene
Philosophy – Visiting Assistant Professor of Philosophy
So Republicans don't want the American people to hear from candidates in a debat…
Why Christine Brown leaves marriage to Kody and packs her things

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
//
//  sparseArray.h
//  DynamicBitset
//
//  Created by Paul Lott on 2/28/13.
//  Copyright (c) 2013 Korf Lab, Genome Center, UC Davis, Davis, CA. All rights reserved.
//

#ifndef __DynamicBitset__sparseArray__
#define __DynamicBitset__sparseArray__

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "dynamic_bitset.h"

namespace StochHMM {

	/*!SparseArray is a template class that stores the values in a sparse array
	 * The values in the array are indexed by a dynamic bitset.  For example, to get
	 the value at iterator 5, we need to convert that iterator to the iterator of the
	 std::vector array.  This is essentially the number of values that are stored
	 before the value at the 5th position.

	 SparseArray uses std::vector.   This means that it will incure an increased cost
	 of inserting and deleting values.

	 */
	template <typename T>
	class sparseArray{
	public:
		sparseArray();
		sparseArray(size_t sz):flag(sz){};
		sparseArray(const sparseArray& val):flag(val.flag), array(val.array){};

		void clear();
		void reserve(size_t);
		void resize(size_t);

		//!Returns the number of elements stored in the array
		//TODO: which is faster (Population count on bitset or get size from vector)
		inline size_t elements(){return flag.count();};

		//!Returns the size of the sparseArray
		inline size_t size(){return flag.size();}

		//Reference to Elements in Array
		T& operator[] (size_t);
		const T& operator[] (size_t) const;
		T& at(size_t pos){};
		T& back();
		const T& back()const;

		//Comparison Operators
		bool operator==	(const sparseArray& rhs);
		bool operator!=	(const sparseArray& rhs);

		//Assignment(Copy) Operator
		sparseArray& operator= (const sparseArray& rhs);

		//!Return whether an element is defined at position
		//!\returns true if element is defined at position
		//!\returns false if element is not defined at position
		inline bool defined(size_t pos){return flag[pos];}

		//Adding Elements to sparseArray
		void insert(size_t pos, T& val);
		void push_back(T&);

		//Removing Elements from sparseArray
		void erase(size_t pos);
		void pop_back(size_t pos);

	private:
		dynamic_bitset flag;
		std::vector<T> array;
	};

	//!Removes all the elements from the array
	template <typename T>
	void sparseArray<T>::clear() {
		flag.clear();
		array.clear();
		return;
	}

	//!Reserved memory for at least n elements in the array;
	template <typename T>
	void sparseArray<T>::reserve(size_t n) {
		flag.reserve(n);
		array.reserve(n);
		return;
	}

	//!Resize the sparseArray to n;
	template <typename T>
	void sparseArray<T>::resize(size_t n) {
		//Increasing size only affect increase in flag size
		if (n >= flag.size()){
			flag.resize(n);
		}
		// Decrease size- need to also delete items from the array
		else{
			flag.resize(n);
			//# of values to keep is equal to bits set in flag
			size_t sz = flag.count();

			//Resize array to values needed
			array.resize(sz);
		}
		return;
	}

	//!Pushes the element on to the array
	template <typename T>
	void sparseArray<T>::push_back(T& val){
		flag.push_back(true);
		array.push_back(val);
		return;
	}

	//!Insert an element at the position in the array
	//!\param pos Position within the array to insert value
	//!\param reference to value to insert
	template <typename T>
	void sparseArray<T>::insert(size_t pos,T& val){
		flag.insert(pos, 1);
		flag.set(pos);
		size_t array_iter = flag.count_before(pos);
		array.insert(array.begin()+array_iter,val);
		return;
	}

	//!Returns reference to object at position
	//!If the position is beyond the length, the sparse array will get extended.
	//!If it is defined it will return a reference to the position
	//!If it is not defined and within the current length of the sparseArray and
	//! after all the currently set values , it will get added to the end of the array
	//!If it is not defined and within the current lenght of the sparseArray and
	//! before other currently set values, then it will get inserted into the array
	template <typename T>
	T& sparseArray<T>::operator[](size_t pos){
		//Increase size of flags if necessary
		if (flag.size() <= pos){
			flag.resize(pos);
		}

		//if called on defined data then return reference
		if (defined(pos)){
			return array[flag.count_before(pos)];
		}

		//if called on undefined data then that value will be added as set and returned
		//with default value of type

		//If position is beyond the last set position then we can simply add it to
		//the array
		if (flag.find_last() < pos){
			flag.set(pos);
			array.resize(array.size()+1);
			return array.back();
		}

		//Otherwise, we need to insert the position into the array
		//Uses default constructor of typename T
		flag.set(pos);
		size_t array_iter = flag.count_before(pos);
		array.insert(array.begin()+array_iter,T());

		return array[array_iter];
	}

	//!Returns reference to object at position
	//!If it is defined it will return a reference to the position
	template <typename T>
	const T& sparseArray<T>::operator[](size_t pos) const{

		//if called on defined data then return reference
		if (defined(pos)){
			return array[flag.count_before(pos)];
		}

	}

}

#endif /* defined(__DynamicBitset__sparseArray__) */

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In celebration of my new work situation in San Francisco, and to stave off the morass of bleakness and political despair on certain other face-twittery social media, I've been taking more digital snapshots lately and posting on Instagram. I'm not entirely sure that those pics are open to the world, though, at least without me doing more work. We're all playing in walled gardens with WiFi these days, and I prefer to lounge in gardens, not work.
Yahoo seems to have buttoned up access to Flickr after their multiple catastrophic password-hack issues, thus breaking my former Instragram-to-flickr backup. Now I've set up a new tumblr, and re-re-posted some of my favorite shots there. The weirdness of one Yahoo property working while another one fails is not lost on me.
So far it's just a visual record. I still like Clickthing as an outlet for verbiage, sporadic as it is.
EDIT: and just like that, Instagram -> Tumblr is broken, too. What the actual hell, Yahoo? Get your house in order.


text:
@charset "utf-8";

/* =========== reset =========== */
html,body{
	margin:0;
	padding:0;
	font-family: ""Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif";
	color:#666;
	text-align:left;
	font-size: 14px;
	-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
	-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
	-moz-overflow-scrolling: touch;
	-o-overflow-scrolling: touch;
	overflow-scrolling: touch;
	height: 100%;
	min-width: 1300px;
}
*{
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
}
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,menu,nav,section,summary{
  display: block;
}
audio,canvas,progress,video {
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: baseline;
}
ol, ul ,li{
	list-style: none;
}
label,select,input[type="submit"],input[type="button"],button,a{
	cursor:pointer;
}
img {
	border:0;
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}
textarea {
	overflow:auto;
}
em{
	font-style:normal;
	font-size:12px;
}
.clear {
	clear:both;
}
a,input{
	color:#333;
	-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);
	cursor: pointer;
}
a:link,a:visited{
	text-decoration:none;
}
a:hover {
	text-decoration:none;
}
select, input, button {
	vertical-align:middle;
	outline:none;
}
/* ::-moz-selection{
	background:#2bbfbd;
	color:#ff;
}
::selection {
	background:#2bbfbd;
	color:#fff;
} */
/*清浮动*/
.clearfix:after{
	clear:both;
	content:".";
	display:block;
	height:0;
	overflow:hidden;
	font-size:0;
}
body{
	background-color: #f9f8f8;
}
.left{
	float: left;
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.right{
	float: right;
}
.core,.container{
	width: 92%;
	margin: 0 auto;
}
.container{
	margin-top: 45px;
	background-color: #fff;
}


text:
Sign up to Email Alerts Email Alerts
PRL's 33-49
Investor Welcome
Broker Reports
Home > About Us > Board of Directors
Print Page Font Smaller Font larger
STEPHEN MICHAEL BARRY - NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN
LLB University of Sydney, FAICD
Mr Stephen Barry has been a Director of Icon Energy Limited since 1993 and was appointed as the Chairman of the Board on 18 December 2008. He is also a member of the Board's Audit and Risk Management Committee. He is a member and Chairman of the Board's Remuneration Nominations and Succession Committee.
Stephen has been a key player in the development of the strategic direction of the Company. As a practicing solicitor he has extensive experience in joint venture and farmin agreements together with a wealth of knowledge on commercial law and corporate litigation. Stephen has held no other Australian listed company directorships during the past three financial years.
Director Since: 05/01/1993 BACK TO TOP
RAYMOND SWINBURN JAMES - DIRECTOR
BSc Physics (Geology, Maths) University of NSW, T.C. University of Sydney, FAIM, FAICD
Mr Ray James has been the Managing Director of Icon Energy Limited and its subsidiaries since 1993. Ray has over 40 years experience in the petroleum industry in Australia, USA, Indonesia, South East Asia, Middle East and Russia. He worked with Chevron in Perth and Houston from 1969-74 and with Gulf Oil from 1974-80. He was the Managing Director of Australian Hydrocarbons from 1980-81 and the Managing Director of Omega Oil from 1987-91.
Ray was a Director of Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Ltd (APPEA) from 1999-2007 and Vice Chairman of APPEA from 2003-2005.
Ray is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Management. He is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Company Directors and Vice Chairman of the Gold Coast Committee. Ray is a member of the Advisory Council of the Griffiths School of Business.
DR KEITH GRAHAM HILLESS AM - NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
AM, BE (Elec) Qld, DUniv QUT, FIE Aust, FAIM, FAICD
Dr Keith Hilless was appointed to the Board on 3 April 2009 as a Non-Executive Director of Icon Energy Limited.
Keith is the Chairman of the Board's Audit and Risk Management Committee. Keith was Electricity Commissioner of the Queensland Electricity Commission (QEC) for a time, CEO of the Queensland Transmission and Supply Corporation (QTSC), responsible for high voltage supply throughout Queensland and for forecasting changes in electricity demand and expanding Queensland's electricity network.
In addition to his corporate experience, Keith is a Doctor of the University QUT. He was also Deputy Chancellor of Queensland University of Technology for a time, is a Member in the General Division - Order of Australia, and is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers Australia, The Australian Institute of Management and the Australian Institute of Company Directors.
MR HOWARD LU - NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Mr Howard Lu was appointed to the Board on 7 January 2011 as a Non-Executive Director of Icon Energy Limited.
Howard is currently the Executive Chairman of a number of Chinese based companies, including Shin Zu Shing Precision Electronic (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, Ningbo Chang Shing Precision Electronic Co. Ltd and Zhi Qun Precision Electronic (Suzhou) Co. Ltd and the Vice Chairman of Qingyuan China Datang Real Estate Development Co., Ltd. He has previously also been the Senior Executive of Shin Zu Shing Co., Ltd.
As Senior Executive of Shin Zu Shing Co.,Ltd (SZS) manufacturer of precision wire and planar springs for medical apparatus, mechanical equipment and electronic products, Howard expanded SZS's business in China and has established four factories in Suzhou, Shenzhen and Ningbo. He has managed all SZS business operations in China since 2002 and now SZS has a market capital of AUD 786,956,521 as of 24th June 2015.
Howard has extensive business interests in China and elsewhere overseas. He is extremely well connected with Chinese energy and resources companies, including LNG importers. He also maintains a residence in Brisbane, Queensland, and is an Australian citizen. Howard Lu is Icon Energy's fourth largest shareholder as of 24th June 2015, holding 16,068,181 fully paid ordinary shares in the Company.
Director Since: 07/01/2011
Keep up to date with our news :
Copyright © 2020 Icon Energy. ACN: 058 454 569 All Rights Reserved.
Home Site map Privacy Contact Us


On July 20th 1960, a missile popped out of an apparently empty Atlantic ocean. Its solid-fuel rocket fired just as it cleared the surface and it tore off into the sky. Hours later, a second missile followed. An officer on the ballistic-missile submarine USS George Washington sent a message to President Dwight Eisenhower: "POLARIS—FROM OUT OF THE DEEP TO TARGET. PERFECT." America had just completed its first successful missile launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) from beneath the ocean. Less than two months later, Russia conducted a similar test in the White Sea, north of Archangel.
Those tests began a new phase in the cold war. Having ICBMs on effectively invisible launchers meant that neither side could destroy the other's nuclear arsenal in a single attack. So by keeping safe the capacity for retaliatory second strikes, the introduction of ballistic-missile submarines helped develop the concept of "mutually assured destruction" (MAD), thereby deterring any form of nuclear first strike. America, Britain, China, France and Russia all have nuclear-powered submarines on permanent or near permanent patrol, capable of launching nuclear missiles; India has one such submarine, too, and Israel is believed to have nuclear missiles on conventionally powered submarines.
As well as menacing the world at large, submarines pose a much more specific threat to other countries' navies; most military subs are attack boats rather than missile platforms. This makes anti-submarine warfare (ASW) a high priority for anyone who wants to keep their surface ships on the surface. Because such warfare depends on interpreting lots of data from different sources—sonar arrays on ships, sonar buoys dropped from aircraft, passive listening systems on the sea-floor—technology which allows new types of sensor and new ways of communicating could greatly increase its possibilities. "There's an unmanned-systems explosion," says Jim Galambos of DARPA, the Pentagon's future-technology arm. Up until now, he says, submariners could be fairly sure of their hiding place, operating "alone and unafraid". That is changing.
Aircraft play a big role in today's ASW, flying from ships or shore to drop "sonobuoys" in patterns calculated to have the best chance of spotting something. This is expensive. An aeroplane with 8-10 people in it throws buoys out and waits around to listen to them and process their data on board. "In future you can envision a pair of AUVs [autonomous underwater vehicles], one deploying and one loitering and listening," says Fred Cotaras of Ultra Electronics, a sonobuoy maker. Cheaper deployment means more buoys.
Even in heavily surveilled seas, spotting submarines will remain tricky. They are already quiet, and getting quieter; new "air-independent propulsion" systems mean that conventionally powered submarines can now turn off their diesel engines and run as quietly as nuclear ones, perhaps even more so, for extended periods of time. Greater autonomy, and thus fewer humans—or none at all—could make submarines quieter still.
Greater numbers of better sensors, better networked, will not soon make submarines useless; but even without breakthroughs, they could erode the strategic norm that has guided nuclear thinking for over half a century—that of an unstoppable second strike.
This entry was posted in covert action, nuclear weapons, War and tagged anti-submarine warfare, autonomous underwater vehicles, ballistic missile submarines, DARPA POSYDON, intercontinental ballistic missile, Kanyon torpedo, Positioning System for Deep Ocean Navigation (POSYDON), Status-6 torpedo, undersea autonomous torpedo, undersea GPS, underwater drones on April 26, 2018 by Stoa.
The Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel (ACTUV) is developing an unmanned vessel optimized to robustly track quiet diesel electric submarines. … capable of missions spanning thousands of kilometers of range and months of endurance under a sparse remote supervisory control model. This includes…autonomous interactions with an intelligent adversary.
This entry was posted in covert action, Espionage, Markets, War and tagged ACTUV, anti-submarine warfare, autonomous underwater vehicle, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel, robot submarines, underwater drones, underwater robots, unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) on February 23, 2016 by Stoa.
The robots use lithium ion batteries and solar cells for power. (Yes, enough sunlight gets through.)Some of the robots carry cameras. Others have electrodes that allow them to "see" by measuring objects crossing the electric fields they generate.Using wireless signals, human monitors can take over from the swarm's AI software if something goes wrong. The European Commission has granted the project €4 million ($4.4 million).
Thomas Schmickl, the inventor, …..plans to build robot swarms that can monitor the oceans or even faraway moons that have water.
This entry was posted in biodiversity, climate change, endangered species, Environment, hazardous waste, marine pollution, Markets, water resources and tagged autonomous underwater vehicle, monitoring oceans, monitoring pollution, monitoring seas, robotics, subcultron, underwater drones, underwater robots, unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) on February 16, 2016 by Stoa.
The objective of the POSYDON program is to develop an undersea system that provides omnipresent, robust positioning. DARPA envisions that the POSYDON program will distribute a small number of acoustic sources, analogous to GPS satellites, around an ocean basin. By measuring the absolute range to multiple source signals, an undersea platform can obtain continuous, accurate positioning without surfacing for a GPS fix.
This entry was posted in covert action, Espionage, War and tagged DARPA GPS, DARPA POSYDON, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), drones, GPS tracking, hydra system, robot submarines, submarines, undersea GPS, underwater drones, unmanned undersea system on April 27, 2015 by Stoa.
Reefs improvised from junk often do not work well. Corals struggle to colonise some metals, and cars and domestic appliances mostly disintegrate in less than a decade. Some organisms do not take to paints, enamels, plastics or rubber. Precious little sea life has attached itself to the 2m or so tyres sunk in the early 1970s to create a reef off Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Tyres occasionally break free, smash into coral on natural reefs and wash ashore.
Yet building artificial reefs that are attractive to marine life can pay dividends. Some of the reefs built in Japanese waters support a biomass of fish that is 20 times greater than similarly sized natural reefs, says Shinya Otake, a marine biologist at Fukui Prefectural University. He expects further gains from a decision by the Japanese government to build new reefs in deep water where they will be bathed in nutrients carried in plankton-rich seawater welling up from below.
The potential bounty was confirmed in a recent study by Occidental College in Los Angeles. Over five to 15 years researchers surveyed marine life in the vicinity of 16 oil and gas rigs off the Californian coast. These were compared with seven natural rocky reefs. The researchers found that the weight of fish supported by each square metre of sea floor was 27 times higher for the rigs. Although much of this increase comes from the rigs providing fish with the equivalent of skyscraper-style living, it suggests that leaving some rigs in place when production ceases might benefit the environment.
Making reefs with hollow concrete modules has been especially successful. Called reef balls, these structures are pierced with holes and range in height up to 2.5 metres. The design is promoted by the Reef Ball Foundation, a non-profit organisation based in Athens, Georgia. Reef balls can be positioned to make the most of photosynthesis and for plankton to drift slowly across their curved inner surface. This improves the nourishment of plants and creatures setting up home within. A hole in the top reduces the chance of them being moved about by storm currents.
Concrete used to make a reef ball is mixed with microsilica, a silicon-dioxide powder, to strengthen the material and lower its acidity level to be more organism-friendly. The balls are cast from fibreglass moulds, which are typically sprayed with a sugary solution before the concrete is poured. This creates tiny hollows which provide a foothold for larval corals. Over 500,000 reef balls have been placed in the waters of more than 60 countries, and each one should last for some 500 years, says the foundation.
The value of artificial reefs has been boosted by the spread of GPS devices and sophisticated sonars on boats. This allows fishermen to locate the subsea structures precisely. It is necessary to be directly above the reef to reel in more fish, says David Walter of Walter Marine, an Alabama company that used to sink vehicles for fishermen but now places pyramid-shaped, hurricane-resistant steel, concrete and limestone structures to create artificial reefs. These constructions can cost nearly $2,000, but many fishermen consider them to be a good investment, especially to catch red snapper.
Using underwater drones for long-term studies of reefs and their associated marine life is also helping improve designs. Sensors can be installed on reefs to monitor boat traffic and activities such as fishing and scuba diving.
Perhaps the most innovative way to build a reef involves anchoring a frame made with steel reinforcing bars to the sea floor and zapping it continuously it with electricity. This causes minerals dissolved in seawater to crystallise on the metal, thickening the structure by several centimetres a year. Biorock, as the resulting material has been trademarked, becomes stronger than concrete but costs less to make. More than 400 "electrified" reefs, many the size of a small garage, have been built this way. Three-quarters of them are in the ocean around Indonesia.
This entry was posted in biodiversity, climate change, endangered species, Environment, marine pollution, Markets and tagged artificial reefs, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), biorock, marine pollution, oil and gas rigs, reef balls, underwater drones on January 1, 2015 by Stoa.
UUVs [unmanned underwater vehicles] will probably play a bigger role as roving wireless nodes that increase the reach of underwater networks. The latest "glider" UUVs consume very little battery power…. Already, gliders serving as "mules" are descending to sensors in deep water where they acoustically collect information. They then ascend to the surface and send the data via radio, says David Kelly, chief executive of Bluefin Robotics, which provides UUVs to half a dozen navies.
The US Navy has ordered several gliders to form underwater mobile networks. With no engine noise, a stealthy "swarm" of gliders could monitor submarines and ships entering a strait, for example, surfacing to transmit their findings. Floating gateway nodes, dropped from the air, allow messages to be sent to submerged devices via low-frequency acoustic signals. This scheme, known as Deep Siren and developed by Raytheon, an American defence contractor, has been tested by the British and American navies.
"Underwater networking will put an end to the 'data starvation' experienced by submarines". The combination of acoustic signalling and UUVs, which can deliver data physically, will put an end to the "data starvation" experienced by submarines, as America's submarine command described it in a report last year. Often incommunicado, subs have been condemned to "lone wolf" roles, says Xavier Itard, head of submarine products at DCNS, a French shipbuilder. His firm is developing a funnel-shaped torpedo-tube opening that would make it easier for a UUV to dock with a submarine. Being able to send messages quickly via acoustic networks would enable submarines to take on more tactical roles—inserting special forces when needed to a nearby battlefield, say, or supporting ground operations by launching cruise missiles from the depths.
The Soviet-built ELF radio system remains a "backbone" of Russia's submarine communications, according to a Norwegian expert. But in a clear vote of confidence in newer technologies, America shut down its own system in 2004. Thanks to steady progress in undersea networks, what was once a technological marvel was, a US Navy statement explained, "no longer necessary". Whether via sound waves, laser pulses, optical fibres or undersea drones, there are now better ways to deliver data underwater.
This entry was posted in covert action, Markets, War and tagged autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), covert action, deep siren, drones, gliders, seaweb, submarines, underwater drones, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), us navy on April 1, 2013 by Stoa.
Ten years ago there were fewer than 30 gliders in the world, all built either by academic institutions or the armed forces. Now there are at least 400, and most are made by one of three firms: iRobot, whose product is called, simply, Seaglider; Teledyne Webb, which manufactures the Slocum Glider (named after Joshua Slocum, the first man to sail solo around the world); and Bluefin Robotics (the third member of the Massachusetts sea-glider cluster, based in Quincy), which sells the Spray Glider. Broadly speaking, these machines have three sorts of application: scientific, military and commercial.
At the moment, science rules the roost. For cash-strapped oceanographers, gliders are a blessing. Their running costs are negligible and, though buying one can cost as much as $150,000, that sum would purchase a mere three days of, say, a manned trip to the Southern Ocean. Gliders, moreover, give a continuous view of what is going on, rather than the series of snapshots yielded by equipment lowered from a vessel at the surface. Besides tracking pollution, watching volcanoes and measuring icebergs, they are following fish around, monitoring changing temperatures in different layers of seawater and mapping the abundance of algae. The Ice Dragon, a modified Seaglider operated by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, has explored under the Antarctic ice shelf, and another modified Seaglider, the Deepglider, can plumb the depths down to 6km (20,000 feet). Teledyne Webb's Storm Glider, meanwhile, lurks in hurricane-prone areas, bobbing up to take readings during extreme weather. Gliders are also quiet—so quiet that, as one researcher puts it, you can use them "to hear a fish fart". This was demonstrated by a recent project run by the University of South Florida, in which a glider successfully mapped the locations of red grouper and toadfish populations on the West Florida Shelf from the noises the fish made.
Military applications are growing, too. America's navy, for example, has ordered 150 gliders from Teledyne Webb's sister company, Teledyne Brown, for what it calls its Littoral Battlespace Sensing-Glider programme. To start with, these gliders will be used individually, to measure underwater conditions that affect things like sonar. Eventually, the plan is to link them into a network that moves around in a co-ordinated manner. Gliders are also ideal for gathering intelligence. Having no propellers and no engine noise, they are difficult to detect. They can be delivered by submarine, and can lurk unseen for as long as is necessary. Any shipping, whether on the surface or under it, which passes near a glider can be detected, identified and pinpointed without it realising it has been spotted. Indeed, the American navy is now evaluating a design called the Waveglider, made by Liquid Robotics of Sunnyvale, California, for submarine-detection work.
The third use, commerce, seems, at the moment, to be the smallest—though that may be because the companies involved are keeping quiet about what they are doing. But Joe Dyer, the chief strategy officer at iRobot, thinks oil-and-gas exploration will be a big market for the firm's gliders, because they can survey large areas of seabed in detail at low cost. ACSA, a French glider firm, has a similar market in mind. In March it launched the SeaExplorer, a streamlined, wingless glider with a speed of one knot—twice as fast as the American competition. According to Patrice Pla, ACSA's marketing manager, SeaExplorer's lack of wings reduces the chance of its getting tangled in nets. Its payload bay, meanwhile, is designed to take interchangeable modules so that it can hold whatever equipment is required. That means customers do not have to buy different gliders for different applications.
Nor is ACSA the only non-American in the field. A glider called Sea Wing, for example, has been developed at the Shenyang Institute of Automation, in China, by Yuan Dongliang of the country's Institute of Oceanography. It was tested last year and operated successfully in the western Pacific at depths of up to 800 metres. Meanwhile, at Tianjin University, a team of glider researchers is trying to improve the machines' endurance. They are testing fuel cells instead of batteries and are also working on the idea of powering them with a thermal engine that draws its energy from the differences in temperature between seawater at different depths.
Japanese researchers, too, are building gliders. At Osaka University, Masakazu Arima is involved in several glider projects. One is a small, low-cost version called ALEX that has independently movable wings. Another is a solar-powered device called SORA. Though SORA has to surface to recharge, its requirements are so modest that it does not take long to do so. It can travel underwater for months, surface for a few days, then carry on. It can therefore stay at sea indefinitely.
Dr Arima's greatest interest, though, is like America's navy's: that his gliders should collaborate. His plan is to deploy 1,000 of them in a network that surveys and measures the oceans. If it works, the single spies of sea-gliding really will have become battalions, and the ocean's fish will find themselves shadowed by shoals of mechanical counterparts.
This entry was posted in Environment, Espionage, Markets, War and tagged ACSA, ALEX Glider, autonomous underwater vehicle, AUVs, Bluefin Robotics, China and robotics, Espionage, gliders and commerce, gliders and oil and gas exploration, gliders and science, iRobot, Littoral Battlespace Sensing-Glider, military gliders, robot submarines, robotics, robots, robots and military, Seaglider, Shenyang Institute of Automation China, Slocum Glider, SORA Glider, Spray Glider, Teledyne Brown, Teledyne Webb, underwater drones, us navy, War on July 17, 2012 by Stoa.


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The Culinary Institute of America alum made an everlasting mark on the region.
The two organizations partnered to host a season full of events.
Pelham Picture House rolls out the red carpet for Westchester students.
The Hudson Valley Shakespeare Festival returns to Boscobel House and Gardens for its 32nd summer season.
Switch up your playlist with music from regional musicians.
Top entertainers and filmmakers leave NYC behind to create movies and TV shows here in the Valley.
Classical music fans will love the sweet sounds that echo from these Hudson Valley fests.
Vassar College and New York Stage and Film have a star-studded schedule of shows.
Celebrity performers, silent discos, and more make their melodic mark on the region.


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Center For Financial Innovation and Stability
Large, Complex Financial Regulation
Larry D. Wall
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is a big, complicated piece of legislation. The Dodd-Frank Act (DFA) itself takes 848 pages and requires the regulatory agencies to write 390 rules, according to law firm Davis Polk. Moreover, many of these rules are complicated. For example, to provide a simplified overview of the so-called Volcker Rule (Section 619 of DFA), Davis Polk created a 16-page flow chart and followed that with another seven pages giving a "preliminary overview" of compliance requirements. What sort of process could result in such complicated legislation and rule making? This Notes from the Vault provides a theory of why major pieces of financial regulatory legislation are relatively rare events and discusses the implications for analysts trying to contribute to future financial regulatory policy.1
The difficulty of passing financial regulatory legislation
The U.S. Constitution requires new legislation be approved by a majority vote of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, and then be signed into law by the president.2 Additionally, both the House and Senate have rules that can prevent a vote being taken on a bill even if that bill would otherwise receive a majority of the votes.3 As a result, those dedicated to stopping a bill have numerous avenues for blocking its adoption into law.
Moreover, constituencies that benefit from existing laws and regulations grow as firms and consumers adjust their behavior in response to existing rules. Consequently, some firms and consumers become clear beneficiaries of the current rules, often somewhat indirectly because of their ability to comply with the rules at lower cost than potential new competitors. These beneficiaries have an incentive to use their political influence to block new legislation that might erase their benefits. On the other hand, the winners from new regulations are likely to be diffuse and not necessarily aware they would benefit in the long run. Furthermore, most voters are likely to be uninterested in financial regulatory topics, viewing them as arcane and remote from their day-to-day lives. As a result, new financial legislation, especially major legislation that increases costs for existing firms or decreases safety net benefits, is difficult to pass.4
Prompt passage of wide-ranging financial regulatory legislation
The difficulty of passing new regulatory legislation makes it a rare occurrence but nevertheless new restrictive legislation is sometimes passed. Such legislation tends to be passed in response to a recent scandal or crisis.5 For example, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was passed in response to the Enron and WorldCom accounting scandals; the Dodd-Frank Act in response to the financial crisis.6
Financial scandals and crisis (hereafter, simply crisis) promote the passage of legislation imposing new regulations in a variety of ways. They are typically associated with a visible group of constituencies that were hurt by the crisis and demand a legislative response. Moreover, that demand is likely to be supported by the public. On the other side, those who would typically oppose stricter regulation are less able to do so because they are viewed as politically suspect and they may also have been financially weakened by the crisis.
Thus, the time immediately after a scandal creates a condition favorable to the passage of new legislation. Indeed, it creates pressure to act promptly. Those who argue for delaying legislation until a crisis has been fully assessed risk being accused of being soft on financial misdeeds. Further, those most supportive of new legislation must be concerned that the window of opportunity will close. The public's interest in the topic will likely fade as time passes, and those opposed are likely to regain some of their political strength. Rahm Emanuel, adviser to President Obama, was quoted saying, "You never want a serious crisis to go to waste.… This crisis provides the opportunity for us to do things that you could not do before."
A concern with the need to take prompt action after a crisis is determining which action(s) to take. Congress is typically presented with a menu of actions plausibly related to the underlying causes of the crisis. However, it is often not clear how the various proposed measures would work individually or collectively in practice, or indeed whether any of the measures would have had a significant impact on the crisis at all. Given sufficient time, Congress could pass selective legislation based on a detailed analysis of the crisis and appropriate remedial measures. But given the political pressure for doing something quickly and the limited time for doing almost anything, Congress may elect to take a wide variety of measures with the idea that such measures will likely include the most beneficial reforms.
The Dodd-Frank Act is an example of Congress passing wide-ranging legislation while work on the underlying causes of the crisis was still ongoing. Congress established the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in May 2009 to examine the causes of the crisis and the commission issued its Report in January 2011. However, the Dodd-Frank Act was signed into law in July 2010, six months before the report was issued.
The difficulty of passing new regulatory legislation also has important implications for the delegation of rule-making power to the regulatory agencies. The pressure to act quickly gives Congress less time to think through the details of how to implement the stricter regulation, creating an incentive to leave the details to the regulators. Moreover, financial market participants often respond to new rules in ways that are difficult to anticipate ex ante, creating a need for revisions to meet evolving conditions. Given the likely difficulty of passing such revisions through the legislative process, Congress may often find it more effective to give the regulators broad grants of authority that allow the regulatory agencies to make needed revisions without seeking legislative approval.7
An agenda for policy analysts
The above analysis suggests that most of the valuable contributions to regulatory policy are likely to happen before rather than after a crisis. Although the exact flaws that will cause the next crisis are unknown, many weaknesses are apparent well before a crisis hits. Identifying and developing sound policies to resolve these weaknesses may put Congress in a position both to act promptly and with legislation that has more power to strengthen the financial system. In contrast, waiting until after the crisis will leave only a small window for identifying the underlying causes and developing suitable responses. Even if the problem is correctly identified, without existing policy recommendations the need to come up with a solution in a short time frame creates the risk that the solution will solve the immediate problem but do so at the cost of making the overall financial system less stable.
An advantage of developing policy recommendations in advance of the next crisis is that analysts can focus on the implications of different policies rather than just the immediate impact of a policy on one type of risk (and/or on one type of intermediary). Here are four important considerations that should be a part of any policy recommendation:
A major function of the financial system is to provide essential services to the real economy. Systemic risk arises when the ability of the financial system to provide these services is impaired. Thus, in developing policy recommendations, the focus should be on identifying and maintaining the flow of critical services rather than focusing on the fate of any specific class of institutions.
A core function of the financial system is to allocate resources based on the risk and return of the investment. A corollary of this is that risk-free finance does not exist. We can, if we want, completely de-risk any set of institutions but that means that the risks will appear somewhere else in the financial system. Thus, an essential part of developing recommendations substantially to reduce or eliminate a type of risk in one set of institutions is to consider where that risk will migrate to within the financial system.
In evaluating who will ultimately bear risk, the goal should be to have risk end up where it lowers the probability and/or reduces the cost of a systemic crisis. In some cases, this may involve shifting the risk to nonsystemic institutions. However, if that is not possible then at least the risk should go to places where it is visible to the supervisors so that action can be taken to mitigate buildups and respond effectively and efficiently if problems arise.
The same profit incentive that motivates individuals and institutions to operate efficiently also encourages them to structure their operations in ways that minimize the cost of regulation and maximize the benefits of any government subsidies (including the safety net). Policy analysts should recognize that policy changes will not only induce desired responses but also unintended responses designed to lower regulatory costs and raise safety net subsidies. Analysts are unlikely to anticipate fully all of the responses, but should at least seek to identify and mitigate the more obvious of the unintended responses.8
Larry D. Wall is the executive director of the Center for Financial Innovation and Stability at the Atlanta Fed. The author thanks Paula Tkac for helpful comments on the paper. The views expressed here are the author's and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta or the Federal Reserve System. If you wish to comment on this post, please e-mail atl.nftv.mailbox@atl.frb.org.
Kane, Edward J. "Good Intentions and Unintended Evil: The Case against Selective Credit Allocation." Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (1977): 55–69.
Wall, Larry D., and Robert A. Eisenbeis. "Financial Regulatory Structure and the Resolution of Conflicting Goals." Journal of Financial Services Research (1999): 16.2-3: 223–245.
1 An alternative question would be how to reform the process of making financial regulatory policy. However, such a question would necessarily be bound up in a more general discussion of alternative ways of structuring a government and as such would raise issues far beyond the scope of this commentary.
2 Alternatively, a bill may be passed into law over a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote of both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
3 For example, in most cases a bill must first be approved by the committee(s) of jurisdiction in each house and then brought to the floor of each house for a vote. GovTrack reports that in every session since the 93rd Congress (starting January 1973), that about 80 to 90 percent of all bills never receive a vote on the floor, and, indeed, that only between 2 and 7 percent of all bills were enacted into law.
4 Similar problems arise with respect to restructuring the financial regulatory agencies. The high-level supervisory officials of the Task Group on Regulation of Financial Services (1984) pointed to four prior groups' reform recommendations to reform the regulatory structure (Hoover Commission in 1949, Commission on Money Credit and Banking in 1961, the FINE Study by the House Banking Committee in 1975, and the Hunt Commission in 1971). The lack of progress on any of these reports led them to state on page 33 that efforts to consolidate the regulatory agencies "may…not be enactable by Congress." Even with that record the Department of the Treasury issued the "Blueprint for a Modernized Financial Regulatory Structure" in 2008, which again called for a fundamental restructuring of the financial regulatory structure but which has not been adopted.
5 However, important financial regulatory legislation is sometimes passed as a part of bills primarily devoted to other topics. For example, FDIC economists James A. Marino and Rosalind L. Bennett explain that Congress adopted Depositor Preference "to project cost savings to the FDIC and use these projected savings to offset part of the projected U.S. budget deficit."
6 Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 and Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act are seeming exceptions. The key is that by the time these acts involved reduced regulation and were passed, the old rules no longer delivered identifiable benefits to their primary beneficiaries. The Riegle-Neal Act was enacted after states had largely deregulated interstate banking. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act was after the Federal Reserve had reinterpreted the Glass-Steagall Act in a way that allowed commercial banking organizations to become important participants in investment banking markets.
7 Robert Eisenbeis and I (1999) also argued that some technical regulatory issues are better addressed by the supervisory agencies and their specialist staff.
8 See my earlier Notes from the Vault discussing such regulatory avoidance and Professor Edward Kane's (1977) regulatory dialectic theory.
Larry D. Wall's web page
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Terrariums, are they the new taxidermy?
It's just a thought, but I am wondering if terrariums are the new taxidermy.
Particularly after a trip last week to Paxton Gate, a most fabulous store in the Mission district of San Francisco. I first learnt about terrariums from Alys Fowler, who wrote about how she was mad about them in her Guardian column a few weeks ago. I do quite fancy a terrarium as I've got lots of large glass jars that would work nicely as homes for tiny plants and I like indoor greenery.
The terrariums at Paxton Gate sat amongst the store's collection of taxidermy (including a unicorn, obvs!), giant crystals and bleached bones, lending a slightly macabre feel to things. They were also made from vintage glass jars and oil lamps that had been stoppered with mix-and-match lids, including some ingenious usage of brass door handles. It made them look unusual -even a teeny bit spooky.
In a pleasing mix of genres, there was even a taxidermy raven with a live, mossy base to his bell jar home and a bell jar terrarium with a feathery cuff at the base, I think it was actually fluffy seed heads but I could wrong.
The smaller terrariums had, I think, been made from vintage parts of old oil lamps, with glass jars mounted onto metallic stems. I'm always seeing vintage oil lamps going cheaply in junk shops, this might be a fun way of using them. Paxton Gate have been making terrariums for a while, the store even does maker classes if you happen to live in the US.
There's clearly a bit of a terrarium moment going on as over at trend forecasting site LSN: Global, I spotted a report on RCA student Alicja Patanowska's Plantation project, a modern take on the terrarium which attempts to offer a new use for discarded glass and make you look more closely at how nature works. Pictured below, it's rather lovely, don't you think?
Love the brass door handle stopper on the right hand terrarium below.
And then instead of a wall mounted deer head, those that don't fancy dead animals in the house could go for a wall of mounted stag horn ferns grown on moss. Does this count as vegetarian taxidermy?
The wooden wall mounts look quite easy to construct if you fancied doing it yourself.
For those of you lucky enough to live or be visiting San Francisco, Paxton Gate is on 824 Valencia Street in the Mission district. Now excuse me, I've just got to pop to the garden centre….


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It is a registered charitable trust that is set up to inspire generosity in its local area, and provide ongoing support for the charities and community groups that operate there. It facilitates this by encouraging the establishment of "named endowment funds". The capital remains invested forever, and it is the income that is distributed each year.
How does a Community Foundation work?
An individual ("the Donor") is encouraged to set up a named endowment fund ("the Fund") which is held and managed (like a sub-trust) as an endowment fund by the Community Foundation ("CF"). Having set up the Fund, the Donor can contribute to it in whichever way best suits their personal situation. Gifts may be made during the Donor's lifetime (in which case the Donor will receive a donation tax rebate of up to 30%); or upon the Donor's death (ie. under the Donor's Will); or both. All money that is given to that Fund by the Donor is pooled and invested by the CF. Each year the investment income is used to make distributions to the local community in accordance with the Donor's wishes, so the capital remains intact and is future-proofed. This annual gifting continues forever: hence it is often called "the gift that keeps on giving".
Which charities receive payments from the Fund?
This is entirely up to the Donor who sets up the Fund. The Donor may specify particular charities or charitable purposes that are to receive the annual distributions; or the Donor may leave the gift "unrestricted", in which case the CF allocates it where it believes the need is greatest each year. Many Donors choose both: they specify that a certain percentage of the distribution is to go to particular charities, and leave the rest unrestricted.
Are there other New Zealand Community Foundations in existence?
Community Foundations are one of the fastest growing forms of philanthropy internationally, and have been operating for over 100 years in the United States. They are particularly strong in Canada. Community Foundations have been operating in New Zealand for over 20 years. They operate independently with different names and there are now 14 throughout New Zealand as follows: Northland Foundation
Auckland Foundation Momentum Waikato
Acorn Foundation (Tauranga)
Eastern Bay Community Foundation (Whakatane) Geyser Foundation (Rotorua and Taupo)
Sunrise Foundation (Gisborne)
Hawkes Bay Foundation
Te Karaka Foundation (Taranaki)
Nikau Foundation (Wellington)
Porirua Foundation Nelson Bays Community Foundation
Aoraki Foundation (Timaru)
Advance Ashburton Community Foundation
Is the concept successful?
Yes: very. The success of the individual CF depends of course on the efforts of the CF itself and the community response. As an example, the Acorn Foundation which was established in Tauranga in 2002, today makes annual distributions to a wide range of community organisations. In 2016 this amounted to $780,000 and this figure will increase every year as the amount of the capital fund increases. Acorn currently has over $18 million invested. Most significant, Acorn has over 270 Donors who have signed up and established their own Funds. Donors often contribute to their Fund over time and many also make a gift through their Will (the total value of those gifts in Wills , based on current information, is likely to be in the $175 million-$225 million range). In the meantime the Acorn Foundation has developed a wonderful reputation in its community as a serious funder. Other community foundations are having outstanding success as they build up their resources for what is a medium-long term project. The total amount of the Funds has unlimited potential. More significantly, it gives people a very real opportunity to "give back" to their community without any cost to them, and only an opportunity cost to the other beneficiaries of their Wills.
What does a Community Foundation actually do?
Promotes generosity
You don't have to be wealthy to make a difference. Creating a compassionate, caring community just needs kind and thoughtful people. The CF aims to make the process as easy and rewarding as possible so that everyone can contribute in a way that works best for them, whether that be giving during their lifetime, or in their Will, or both. Manages each Endowment Fund
While each Fund is separately monitored and accounted for, the capital of each Fund is invested in combination with all other Funds to spread the investment risk and achieve economies of scale.
The CF appoints an investment manager (usually a national sharebroking firm) and has an Investment Advisory Committee to oversee all investment recommendations. The CF liaises with the Donors and reports each year on grants that have been made from each Donor's Fund. Distributes Income Each Year
Distributions of between 3.5% and 5% from each Fund are made annually. Sometimes the CF assists Donors with "Pass Through" funds where the whole gift(and not just the income) is distributed. The CF makes all distributions in accordance with the instructions which have been made by the Donor at the time when the Fund was created. Where the Fund is wholly or partially unrestricted, the CF invites applications from local charities and community groups, and allocates those funds based on identified priorities. The CF's Distributions Committee receives applications, and makes recommendations to the CF Board as to how the available funds shall be distributed.
What are the benefits to the Donor?
Personal satisfaction
Donors giving during their lifetime derive real pleasure from seeing their money making a difference in their community now. People who choose to give a gift in their Will love knowing that what they have worked and saved for will provide lasting benefit to their community, for generations to come. CFs recognise that when making their Wills, Donors will, of course first want to provide for their family first. If the Donor is prepared to leave part of their estate to the community through a CF, then they are encouraged to give a percentage rather than a specific amount. In this way, the amount of the gift is not too much and not too little. By way of an example: Donors with children often leave 90% to their children and 10% to the CF
Donors who do not have children or close family often leave 50% (or sometimes more) to the CF. Avoids problems of a private charitable trust
Some people like the idea of setting up their own private charitable trust, to continue making donations on their behalf when they have gone. Some of the issues to bear in mind with this choice include: Ongoing trusteeship
Who will continue to manage the Trust after the Donor and the Donor's advisers have passed on? Economies of scale
The compliance requirements and the costs associated with properly managing a Trust mean that the annual administration costs can reduce the effectiveness of the gift. Return on capital will be enhanced by reason of bulk investment. Establishing a Fund through a CF has much the same effect as establishing a private charitable trust, but without these problems. Some of our Donors do have an active private charitable trust but they have provided that when they die, it will become a Fund that becomes managed by the CF, which overcomes the challenges outlined above.
What are the benefits to the Charities?
Regular future income
Most charities desperately need an ongoing passive income source.
Where a Donor nominates a particular charity, that charity knows it will continue to receive that income forever without having to go to the cost and uncertainty of making application for grants.
The charity can rely on that income and budget accordingly. Asset not recorded in financial accounts
If a charity is holding investment funds to maintain an income flow, this sometimes renders the charity ineligible for other funding.
If the investments are owned by the CF, the charity receives the annual donation, but the invested capital is not listed in the charity's financial accounts. Expert investment advice
The charity itself does not have to worry about making investment decisions, and can focus on serving its community. CFs have very favourable arrangements with their investment managers and the benefit of these arrangements are indirectly passed on to the charity through lower costs. Extra source of funding
Even if a charity has not been specified by any Donor, the charity can apply to the CF for part of the income from the unrestricted Funds.
This is particularly valuable for new or emerging charities. Increased charitable giving
CFs are helping to change people's attitude towards leaving gifts to charity in their Wills. Sometimes people decide to leave capital gifts direct to a charity as well as (or instead of) making the gift through the CF. This means that the charity may receive a gift it would not have otherwise received.
How is a Community Foundation Funded?
All CF Trustees and Committee Members are volunteers. There are however operating costs and CFs are very conscious of the need to keep these costs to a minimum, while still providing a sustainable professional service. In order to cover these costs most CFs ask Donors to make an initial donation of $5,000 (payable when the Fund is established or on the Donor's death, whichever the Donor prefers). In addition, 1% of the capital of the Fund is donated to the CF each year for its administration. CFs also seek funding support from funders such as the Tindall Foundation until such time as the CF becomes self-sustaining.
Trust Deed.pdf
Performance Snapshot 2020
Full Financial Statement - 2020
Financials 31 March 2019 with Audit Adj.


Behavior analysts at SWWC consult with school professionals to treat challenging behavior, increase academic performance or develop class-wide management systems for students of all ages. Challenging behavior may occur in individuals with a wide variety of diagnoses or individuals without diagnoses. Behavioral Analyst consulting often treats people diagnosed with Autism, ADHD, Down Syndrome, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Anxiety Disorder and Emotional/Behavioral Disorders.
Our main focus is designing and overseeing highly specific positive behavioral recommendations designed to reduce inappropriate behavior while enhancing adaptive (replacement) skills. We educate and train the people who work with students who have behavioral needs. We network with students' educational personnel to provide a consistent and comprehensive approach to create lasting behavior change.
Behavioral services can be purchased through SWWC based on the needs of the school.
Read our Behavioral Health Services Flyer.


I just wanted to direct your attention to this awesome post from my blogging buddy, Anna DiGillio at Simply Skilled in Second Grade. She created a simple and clever way to use task cards in interactive notebooks! Not only that, but you can also download a free template from her post!
Please head over and take a peek. I am sure Anna would love to hear from you with a comment on her post, and don't forget to follow. She has great stuff. In fact, you might also want to pick up this freebie for Presidents Day in her TpT store.


According to "Central and Eastern Europe IT Outsourcing Review 2008" - a research conducted by Ukrainian High-Tech Initiative,during 2003-2007 the customers were tending to switch from project-based outsourcing model to hiring dedicated programming teams, - so that the customers contract and manage IT staff directly. Although fixed-price project model seems to provide less risks, it also restrains significantly the development process and can result in overestimated budgets. According to the research results, since 2003 until 2007 the number of project contracts has fallen by 30-35%.
I wonder whether our readers have had similar experience. How difficult was it for you to select the staff for your remote team? Is one development interview enough for the decision? What questions were the most important for you – was it their experience, or ability to solve the problems, or the communication skills?
I have asked Mr Scott Drake some other questions about his experience managing his dedicated team. I will put his answers together along with more relevant data into the next blog post.


text:
Q: What command should I run in terminal to build a chrome application with react? I've tried to build this chrome extension found on github (https://github.com/ConanXie/new-tab)
using 'npm install' and 'npm run build' but it doesn't create it correcly. What command should I run to compile/build it?
thank you !

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package net.ros.common.tile.machine;

import net.minecraft.entity.player.EntityPlayer;
import net.minecraft.nbt.NBTTagCompound;
import net.minecraft.util.EnumFacing;
import net.minecraft.util.math.BlockPos;
import net.minecraftforge.common.capabilities.Capability;
import net.ros.common.init.ROSItems;
import net.ros.common.multiblock.ITileMultiblockCore;
import net.ros.common.tile.TileBase;
import net.ros.client.render.tile.VisibilityModelState;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;

public class TileSolarMirror extends TileBase implements ITileMultiblockCore
{
    private int mirrorCount;

    public TileSolarMirror()
    {
        this.mirrorCount = 0;
    }

    @Override
    public NBTTagCompound writeToNBT(final NBTTagCompound tag)
    {
        super.writeToNBT(tag);

        tag.setInteger("mirrorCount", this.mirrorCount);
        return tag;
    }

    @Override
    public void readFromNBT(final NBTTagCompound tag)
    {
        super.readFromNBT(tag);

        int previousMirrorCount = this.mirrorCount;
        this.mirrorCount = tag.getInteger("mirrorCount");

        if (this.isClient() && previousMirrorCount != this.mirrorCount)
            this.updateState();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoad()
    {
        if (this.isClient())
        {
            this.askServerSync();
            this.updateState();
        }
    }

    ////////////
    // RENDER //
    ////////////

    public final VisibilityModelState state = new VisibilityModelState();

    public void updateState()
    {
        if (this.isServer())
        {
            this.sync();
            return;
        }

        this.state.parts.clear();

        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        {
            if (i <= this.mirrorCount)
                continue;
            this.state.parts.add("AddedMiror" + i);
            for (int j = 1; j < 8; j++)
                this.state.parts.add("MirorComponent" + i + " " + j);
        }

        this.world.markBlockRangeForRenderUpdate(this.pos, this.pos);
    }

    @Override
    public void breakCore()
    {
        this.world.destroyBlock(this.pos, false);
    }

    @Override
    public BlockPos getCorePos()
    {
        return this.getPos();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean hasCapability(Capability<?> capability, BlockPos from, @Nullable EnumFacing facing)
    {
        return super.hasCapability(capability, facing);
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public <T> T getCapability(Capability<T> capability, BlockPos from, @Nullable EnumFacing facing)
    {
        return super.getCapability(capability, facing);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onRightClick(final EntityPlayer player, final EnumFacing side, final float hitX, final float hitY,
                                final float hitZ, BlockPos from)
    {
        if (player.isSneaking())
            return false;
        if (player.getHeldItemMainhand().getItem() == ROSItems.WRENCH)
            return false;

        if (this.isServer() && player.inventory.getCurrentItem().getItem() == ROSItems.SOLAR_REFLECTOR
                && this.mirrorCount < 6)
        {
            this.mirrorCount++;
            if (!player.capabilities.isCreativeMode)
                player.inventory.decrStackSize(player.inventory.currentItem, 1);
            this.sync();
        }
        return true;
    }

    public int getMirrorCount()
    {
        return mirrorCount;
    }
}


text:
<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Doctrine\ODM\MongoDB\Tests\Functional;

use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Collection;
use Doctrine\ODM\MongoDB\Mapping\Annotations as ODM;
use Doctrine\ODM\MongoDB\Tests\BaseTest;

class DiscriminatorsDefaultValueTest extends BaseTest
{
    public function setUp(): void
    {
        parent::setUp();
    }

    /**
     * This test demonstrates a document without discriminator being treated with defaultDiscriminatorValue
     */
    public function testLoadDocumentWithDefaultValue(): void
    {
        // Create referenced document without discriminator value
        $this->dm->persist($firstChildWithoutDiscriminator  = new ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator('firstWithoutDiscriminator'));
        $this->dm->persist($secondChildWithoutDiscriminator = new ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator('firstWithoutDiscriminator'));

        $children = [$firstChildWithoutDiscriminator, $secondChildWithoutDiscriminator];
        $this->dm->persist($parentWithoutDiscriminator = new ParentDocumentWithoutDiscriminator($children));

        $this->dm->flush();
        $this->dm->clear();

        $childWithDiscriminator = $this->dm->find(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator::class, $firstChildWithoutDiscriminator->getId());
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $childWithDiscriminator);
        self::assertSame('firstWithoutDiscriminator', $childWithDiscriminator->getType(), 'New mapping correctly loads legacy document');

        $parentWithDiscriminator = $this->dm->find(ParentDocumentWithDiscriminator::class, $parentWithoutDiscriminator->getId());
        self::assertNotNull($parentWithDiscriminator);
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getReferencedChild(), 'Referenced document correctly respects defaultDiscriminatorValue in referenceOne mapping');
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getEmbeddedChild(), 'Embedded document correctly respects defaultDiscriminatorValue in referenceOne mapping');
        self::assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getReferencedChildren(), 'Referenced document correctly respects defaultDiscriminatorValue in referenceMany mapping');
        self::assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getEmbeddedChildren(), 'Embedded document correctly respects defaultDiscriminatorValue in referenceMany mapping');
    }

    /**
     * This test ensures that a discriminatorValue is stored in the database and overrides the default
     */
    public function testLoadDocumentWithDifferentChild(): void
    {
        $this->dm->persist($firstChildWithDiscriminator  = new ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex('firstWithDiscriminator', 'veryComplex'));
        $this->dm->persist($secondChildWithDiscriminator = new ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple('secondWithDiscriminator'));

        $children = [$firstChildWithDiscriminator, $secondChildWithDiscriminator];
        $this->dm->persist($parentWithDiscriminator = new ParentDocumentWithDiscriminator($children));

        $this->dm->flush();
        $this->dm->clear();

        $parentWithDiscriminator = $this->dm->find(ParentDocumentWithDiscriminator::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getId());
        self::assertNotNull($parentWithDiscriminator);
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getReferencedChild(), 'Referenced document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceOne mapping');
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex::class, $parentWithDiscriminator->getEmbeddedChild(), 'Embedded document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceOne mapping');

        // Check referenceMany mapping
        $referencedChildren = $parentWithDiscriminator->getReferencedChildren()->toArray();
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex::class, $referencedChildren[0], 'Referenced document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceMany mapping');
        self::assertSame('firstWithDiscriminator', $referencedChildren[0]->getType());

        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $referencedChildren[1], 'Referenced document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceMany mapping');
        self::assertSame('secondWithDiscriminator', $referencedChildren[1]->getType());

        // Check embedMany mapping
        $referencedChildren = $parentWithDiscriminator->getEmbeddedChildren()->toArray();
        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex::class, $referencedChildren[0], 'Referenced document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceMany mapping');
        self::assertSame('firstWithDiscriminator', $referencedChildren[0]->getType());

        self::assertInstanceOf(ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, $referencedChildren[1], 'Referenced document respects discriminatorValue if it is present in referenceMany mapping');
        self::assertSame('secondWithDiscriminator', $referencedChildren[1]->getType());
    }
}

// Unmapped superclasses
/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_parent") */
abstract class ParentDocument
{
    /**
     * @ODM\Id
     *
     * @var string|null
     */
    protected $id;

    /** @var ChildDocument */
    protected $referencedChild;

    /** @var Collection<int, ChildDocument>|array<ChildDocument> */
    protected $referencedChildren;

    /** @var ChildDocument */
    protected $embeddedChild;

    /** @var Collection<int, ChildDocument>|array<ChildDocument> */
    protected $embeddedChildren;

    /**
     * @param array{0: ChildDocument, 1: ChildDocument} $children
     */
    public function __construct(array $children)
    {
        $this->referencedChild    = $children[0];
        $this->referencedChildren = $children;
        $this->embeddedChild      = $children[0];
        $this->embeddedChildren   = $children;
    }

    public function getId(): ?string
    {
        return $this->id;
    }

    public function getReferencedChild(): ChildDocument
    {
        return $this->referencedChild;
    }

    /**
     * @return Collection<int, ChildDocument>|array<ChildDocument>
     */
    public function getReferencedChildren()
    {
        return $this->referencedChildren;
    }

    public function getEmbeddedChild(): ChildDocument
    {
        return $this->embeddedChild;
    }

    /**
     * @return Collection<int, ChildDocument>|array<ChildDocument>
     */
    public function getEmbeddedChildren()
    {
        return $this->embeddedChildren;
    }
}

/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_child") */
abstract class ChildDocument
{
    /**
     * @ODM\Id
     *
     * @var string|null
     */
    protected $id;

    /**
     * @ODM\Field(type="string")
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $type;

    public function __construct(string $type)
    {
        $this->type = $type;
    }

    public function getId(): ?string
    {
        return $this->id;
    }

    public function getType(): string
    {
        return $this->type;
    }
}

// Documents without discriminators - used to create "legacy" data
/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_parent") */
class ParentDocumentWithoutDiscriminator extends ParentDocument
{
    /**
     * @ODM\ReferenceOne(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator
     */
    protected $referencedChild;

    /**
     * @ODM\ReferenceMany(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var Collection<int, ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>|array<ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>
     */
    protected $referencedChildren;

    /**
     * @ODM\EmbedOne(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator
     */
    protected $embeddedChild;

    /**
     * @ODM\EmbedMany(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var Collection<int, ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>|array<ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>
     */
    protected $embeddedChildren;
}

/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_child") */
class ChildDocumentWithoutDiscriminator extends ChildDocument
{
}

// Documents with discriminators - these represent a "refactored" document structure
/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_parent") */
class ParentDocumentWithDiscriminator extends ParentDocument
{
    /**
     * @ODM\ReferenceOne(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator
     */
    protected $referencedChild;

    /**
     * @ODM\ReferenceMany(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var Collection<int, ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>|array<ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>
     */
    protected $referencedChildren;

    /**
     * @ODM\EmbedOne(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator
     */
    protected $embeddedChild;

    /**
     * @ODM\EmbedMany(targetDocument=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator::class)
     *
     * @var Collection<int, ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator>
     */
    protected $embeddedChildren;
}

/**
 * @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_child")
 * @ODM\InheritanceType("SINGLE_COLLECTION")
 * @ODM\DiscriminatorField("discriminator")
 * @ODM\DiscriminatorMap({"simple"=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple::class, "complex"=ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex::class})
 * @ODM\DefaultDiscriminatorValue("simple")
 */
class ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator extends ChildDocument
{
}

/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_child") */
class ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple extends ChildDocumentWithDiscriminator
{
}

/** @ODM\Document(collection="discriminator_child") */
class ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorComplex extends ChildDocumentWithDiscriminatorSimple
{
    /**
     * @ODM\Field(type="string")
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $value;

    public function __construct(string $type, string $value)
    {
        parent::__construct($type);
        $this->value = $value;
    }

    public function getValue(): string
    {
        return $this->value;
    }
}


nfullam@fullamlaw.com As I move ahead in my 33rd year in private practice, and once again enjoy the celebrity of my selection as a Super Lawyers honoree, I want to express my deep appreciation to my clients and to my colleagues, both plaintiff and defense, for allowing me the privilege of learning and growing as a person and as a professional through my relationships with you. Any wisdom I have gained over these years has been a direct result of the lessons my clients have taught me about how to live life in the face of unexpected challenges. Any skills I have cultivated are the result of exposure to the great advocacy of others whom I have been fortunate enough to witness or face across the courtroom. I am grateful to have had such wonderful opportunities and for the mentors and friends who have supported me every step of the way. Thank you all.


These luxury 4-star villas offer breathtaking views of the ocean and our outdoor gardens. They boast an ideal, quiet location just 800 m from the tourist centre and beaches. Our villas are well decorated and have two bedrooms with balconies, fully equipped modern kitchens (with washing machine, dishwasher, fridge, oven, microwave, toaster and kettle) and bathrooms with a hydro-massage bathtub. Every villa has its own private patio with a barbecue. They all also offer a satellite TV with multiple channels, free WiFi and air conditioning.


Should I get a reburb or new MPB?
Discussion in 'MacBook Pro' started by marleya, Jun 25, 2012.
I'm a student trying to decide between these two 15" MBP computers. The main thing is, I want the anti-glare upgrade so I can use it outside.
I know the new one has a faster processor and RAM. My main concern is that on the refurb, the video card has 1GB memory and the new one has only 512MB. I'm not a gamer, but I know the video card memory is important. Also, the new one has a smaller HD, but I'm not really worried about that. What is the better deal? What else should I consider?
***Sorry, title should obvi say refurb not reburb!!
I would go with the 2012 model. The new Intel and Nvidia chips seem to run cooler than the previous generation, and you also get USB 3.
You might also want to think about upgrading to an SSD at some point in the future, that would probably make the single biggest difference in how fast the computer feels in daily use.
Given the small price difference I would get the newer model.
I would get the one with 1gb of Vram of course. It will be a must have in a long run.
* I had the same exact question and went with the refurb one u listed above.
It had 3 cycles on it and we all know apple's refurbs are just like new. Save ur money and go with the better one, model year is not important in this case i would say.
I was kind of thinking what zwikker said, that in the long run, I'd want the extra Vram, but it's hard not to go for the brand new machine!
also, if you consider i could by the new one at a site with no sales tax, the actual price difference is only about $30 more for the new model.
either way, i would probably upgrade to 8gb ram at some point and possibly a ssd drive when the prices come down significantly (assuming that happens in the next couple of years).
so wish i could get the new base model with 1GB VRAM, but i'm assuming everyone else does too!!
I know how you feel. Spending +$1500 on a refurb and over a year old machine doesn't feel right. That being said, new machines with 512mb vram don't feel right either. High end early 2011 is way to go in this case.
I opened so many threads askin the same question over and over and finally came to the conclusion to buy a refurb 2011 one.
If u have any question u can always ask me, I will be more than happy to answer.
I know how you feel. Spending +$1500 on a refurb and over a year old machine doesn't feel right. That being said, new machines with 512mb vram don't feel right either.
^^Yes! Thank you for articulating that for me! I think I will go with the 2011 model (although will probably change my mind 10 more times before I pull the trigger)!
With the minimal price difference I would go with the new one unless you really want the hi res screen and don't want to add more the new ones price.
I was just about to purchase the 13" but figured I should check the refurb section and found this....good deal?
Would love to hear your thoughts on which machine I should go with.
That's exactly the reasoning I went through. I was set upon the 13" but I thought it was overpriced at $1499. The 2011 15" - cheaper with quad core and a real video card made a lot more sense. I'm sitting here copying my files to it right now.
I do prefer the smaller size of the 13. I will miss USB 3.0. But I don't travel much and I could use the extra horsepower.
If I carried it a lot I would probably get the base 13" MBP or consider the Air.
Are you actually doing anything that will stress the GPU? You said you weren't really a gamer.
Just wondering if the 1GB VRAM will actually make any difference to you at all.
Probably not...at least not right now. I know both computers would be more than enough for my current needs. More thinking of this in terms of longevity. In a couple of years, what is more important..a slightly faster chip and RAM or 1GB vram.
I went with the 2011. I actually compared the 2011 model to the high-end 2012 (with 1GB vram). I added the cost of an additional 4GM ram to the 2011 so they were more comparable. Then figured out that if I bought the high-end 2012, I would be paying about $340 extra for the newer, faster components and USB 3.0 vs. the refurb 2011. I decided that wasn't worth it.
Also, if the 13" came with a matte screen option, I would definitely have gotten that instead.
As i posted above I bought the same exact refurb you're thinkin of buying. My answer is, Hands down awesome deal! I returned this item after I received it because I thought it would be nice to have 1gb Vram for only $180 more. I got the same exact one with 1gb Vram and I'm so happy with that.
But again, for light video editing, $1379 one will be just fine for you, if not then you can add $180 to your budget and buy the one with 1gb Vram in it.
Either way, good luck mate Hope you will be happy with your decision.
Since you're not a gamer and OS X can actually run quite nicely on 64 to 128mb of VRAM(heck, I have a powermac G4 on 16mb vram running OS X Leopard just fine), I don't see you getting limited by VRAM any time soon. 512mb is quite a bit to fill up with textures and shades!
Personally, I'd go with the newer model.
No brainer...get the 2012. You can always upgrade HDD and RAM later. In terms of the graphics...you're not a gamer so why worry about it?
With the 2012, you get USB 3.0 which would be the tipping point for me.
Not only gamers need better graphics. There are so many softwares that requires a good graphic card.
Um like what? Certainly nothing the OP is going to use by the looks of it. Sorry but VRAM is literally going to be completely useless to you. You won't notice any difference in performance whatsoever.
Also you realize the hd4000 and 650m are WAY better GPUs right? Sorry a lot of people in this thread are giving the worst and most uninformed advice ever.
Outside of gaming it typically comes down to OpenCL /OpenGL applications and functions where a certain amount of vram is required to run it in such a manner. The reason Apple put that amount on the lower option is because they're cheap. They had 256MB on an early 2011 15" which is less than intel's integrated gpus grab by default. That is just skimping. If you're going for a 2011, it won't make much sense if you want one that includes some of the cto options such as high res antiglare display. There is a 15" at $1359, but it lacks some of that stuff.
I'd take a look at the authorized retailers to see if you can find a better deal before pulling the trigger here.
They really aren't that heavy.
There are some things relative to photo/video editing (mentioning those as they're the most common) that can be run via OpenCL, yet they won't run unless they can fit within Vram. Most require a minimum of 512 and recommend 1GB at least with Adobe's applications. The HD4000 is better than the HD3000. It's still over-hyped. Neither is very good. The 650m is better for games, and even there looking at what is bottlenecked matters. Overall I'd end up buying the 2012 unless the savings was better than that.
The 512mb is way to weak for the 650m. Get the 6750m!
How much is the refurbished high resolution 15 model? I saw it once and it is going OOS quickly, the 1440*900 is really a bit low in resolution for a 15. Also, does it make sense to save another $100 on early 2011 15 with 2.0G quad core, that one has quite a bit worse video card (6490m 256m vram).
From what I understand hd4000 and 650m 1gb is not what he is considering of buying. He is between a 512mb of 650m and a 1gb of 6750m(2011) here.
Tell me how come a 512gb of Vram GPU is better than a 1gb of Vram? It isn't a newer is better case always.
Besides gaming, 1gb vram is required on many applications such as auto cad etc.
That being said, 1gb Vram is a must have in a long run, no matter how much of a gamer you're or not.
In conclusion, you don't have to apologize from him, people gave him the right advices from what I read.
please tell me exactly where vram will come into play according to the OP's usage. absolutely nowhere. really? you think the OP is suddenly going to use autocad? for what? photoshop is absolutely fine with 256 vram. its only when you start dabbling in 3d in photoshop (and who really bothers to do that?) that you would really notice anything going to 512mb vram, let alone a gb.
OP, if you want the inferior built-in gpu, inferior discrete card, a last gen cpu as well as inferior clock speed at the expense of a measly 512mb of vram that you won't miss or use at all, then by all means, listen to these completely misguided 'tips' from people.
The hi-res anti-glare 15" is $1679 plus tax..here's the link. I think they have a decent amount in stock. Resolution is 1680-by-1050. It's the cheapest 15" with the anti-glare I could find. I also checked macmall and portable one.
Yes..She is debating between the refurb with 1GB 6750M or new with 512MB 650M.
I guess I should be more specific about my usage. Mostly office, email, Internet (video streaming), skype, etc. Light photoshop/photo editing. Heavy use of Acrobat Pro..converting large docs to pdf, etc.


text:
McMartin Returns Amid Flurry of Transactions
Defenseman returns from ECHL; Smutek placed on injured reserve
Photo credits: Dennis Sievers
Peoria, IL – The Peoria Rivermen announced four transactions ahead of the team's road trip to Roanoke later in the week.
Jean-Guy Trudel announced on Tuesday that the club has received defenseman Brandon McMartin back from his loan to ECHL-Orlando. McMartin, 26, did not see game action in his one week stint with the Solar Bears. In 19 games with Peoria, the Toronto native scored one goal and collected 12 points to go with a +9 rating.
The team also signed forward Konner Haas ahead of Friday's game against Evansville. Haas skated in both Friday and Sunday's wins for the Rivermen. A resident of Calgary, AB, Haas began the year with FPHL-Carolina and was called-up earlier in the season for eight games with Fayetteville, where the 24-year-old registered two assists with the Marksmen. Haas has been signed to a standard professional contract (SPC).
On the injury side of things, the Rivermen announced two moves. Winger Cody Dion has been moved from the 21-day IR to the 30-day IR. Dion has been out since the start of February with a lower-body injury. He will be unable to return until March.
Defenseman Skyler Smutek has also been sent to the injured list, being placed on the 21-day IR with an upper-body injury. Smutek played in Sunday's 2-1 win over Evansville, but did not return after a fight at the 9:36 mark of the third period. Both Dion and Smutek will not be traveling with the team this week. The Rivermen play three games in as many nights on the road against the Roanoke Rail Yard Dawgs, beginning Thursday night.
Group and single game tickets for Peoria's 38th season of professional hockey presented by Midwest Orthopaedic Center are on sale at the Toyota Box Office in the Peoria Civic Center, at the Rivermen office, located at 201 S.W. Jefferson Street, or over the phone at (309) 676-1040. For the latest Rivermen news and notes, follow online at www.rivermen.net or through Facebook (www.facebook.com/PeoriaRivermen) - Twitter(https://twitter.com/Peoria_Rivermen)