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Islam's Earth Ethics: Are We Healers or Corrupters?
The current state of our planet is one wherein there is huge imbalance and pollution; where the equilibrium of our Earth has been greatly corrupted. Armed conflicts and wars are increasing across the globe; the economies of an ever-increasing number of countries are in meltdown as global capitalism spirals out of control; and we continue to inch ever closer to environmental destruction, to a point where it could be beyond repair. Modern man, instead of being a caretaker of the earth, has become its most deadly predator: damaging the planet, devouring its natural resources and destroying his fellow man!
The Qur'an says: Corruption has appeared on land and on sea for what men's hands have earned, that He may make them taste a part of that which they have done, so that they may repent. [30:41]
Corruption (fasad, in Arabic) is often defined as: "A thing leaving a balanced state."1 In other words, corruption is when something becomes ruined, contaminated, polluted and is out of balance. Its opposite is salah/islah: to rectify, correct, or set right. In other words, to bring a thing back to some sort of equilibrium and balance.
What follows is a reminder about how, in Islam, we must be muslihun – people of islah, not mufsidun – people of fasad; of how we are to be people who set things aright, not sow mischief throughout the earth; and of how we, as Muslims, are called upon to be healers, not corrupters. The following core precepts will help in some way to portray the Qur'an's "earth" ethics:
1. God Loves Not Corruption: The first and foremost reason why we are to be people who seek to heal is because corruption is wicked and God is not pleased with it: And when he turns away [from you], he hastens about the land to do corruption therein, and to destroy crops and cattle; and God loves not corruption. [2:205]
2. Stewardship of the Earth: This stems from the idea of being khalifahs – "stewards" or "vicegerents" of the earth. The Qur'an says: Indeed, it is He who has appointed you as vicegerents of the earth. [6:165] Classical Quranic authorities explain khalifah to mean (i) One generation succeeding another, and (ii) one delegated to uphold God's laws and administer justice – in other words a vicegerent.2 Accordingly, man is required to tend to the earth, uphold the Divine purpose in it, establish justice upon it, keep it in balance and to work not corruption on the earth after it has been set in order. [7:56] We see this very sentiment echoed in the following hadith: 'The world is green and sweet and God has placed you as vicegerents in it, to see how you behave.'3
3. Not Living Excessively: About this, the Qur'an declares: God created for you all that is on the earth. [2:29] He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth. [45:13] The earths bounties are for all of humanity, not just a privileged few. Yet, having stated the obvious, we live in a world where less than twenty percent of the globe (mainly us in the "developed world") consume eighty per-cent of the earth's natural resources so as to buttress a consumption-driven lifestyle. Our concern here in the West is not fear of poverty, as it is obesity! We have created a world that is now grotesque in its excesses and staggering in its inequalities. Partake of the earth's fruits for our needs we must; partake of them for our wants we certainly may; but partake of them excessively and irresponsibly we may not: Eat and drink, but not excessively. For God loves not the excessive. [7:31]
4. Honouring the Balance: In one celebrated Qur'anic passage, we read the following: The All-Merciful has taught the Qur'an. He created man, teaching him speech. Sun and moon follow a reckoning and the plants and the trees bow down. And He has raised the heavens and has set a balance, that you may not upset the balance, but observe the balance and not fall short therein. [55:1-9] This, as well as one of the previously cited verses, reminds us that God has created the earth in a state of equilibrium, which itself is composed of innumerable mini equilibriums. We can, of course, utilise the earth for our food, clothing and instruments of trade and, indeed, for actualising the potentials that lie within us. But all of this is conditional on not disturbing this equilibrium, nor transgressing the balance.
5. Enchantment with Nature: For believers, the natural world is as a mirror: beautiful in itself, while reflecting the even greater beauty of God. The Qur'an invites mankind to contemplate creation and be enchanted by its majestic beauty, in order to know and appreciate the Maker of such enchantment: In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, there are signs for people of understanding. Those who remember God standing, sitting, or lying down, and meditate upon the creation of the heavens and the earth. [3:191-2] Thus, if the starry heavens elicit in us a sense of awe; if a newly sprung rose elicits in us a sense of beauty; if the solemn stillness of an autumn woodland elicits in us a sense of sublimity – then how much more awesome, beautiful and sublime must the Creator of such things be.
6. Celebrating Creation: In an intriguing verse, the Qur'an informs: Have you not seen that all that is in the heavens and the earth glorifies God? And the birds as they spread their wings? Every creature knows its prayer and its glorification. [24:41] Elsewhere: There is not a single thing that does not proclaim His praise, yet you understand not their praises. [17:44] Such verses teach us to celebrate God's creation, telling us that each created thing, animate or inanimate, extols His praise and glory. The prophets and many of the saints (awliya) are able to hear such praises, while some objects even make known their love for the godly. In the lifetime of the Prophet, peace be upon him, trees and stones spoke to him, and glorified God when he picked them up or passed by them.4 He said about Mount Uhud: hadha jabal yuhibbuna wa nuhibbuhu – 'This mountain loves us, and we love it.'5
7. Courtesy with Life on Earth: Inanimate things aside, in regards to the animal world the Qur'an insists on courtesy: There is not an animal in the earth, nor a creature flying on two wings, but they are communities like you. [6:38] This courtesy is one that is based on a sense of awe and respect for earth's living creatures. The Prophet, peace be upon him, was asked: Will we be rewarded for doing good to animals? He replied: 'There is a reward for serving every living creature.'6 On another occasion, he told a group who were mounted on their camels, chatting to one another: 'Ride these animals safely and return them safely, but do not use them as chairs for your conversations in the streets and marketplaces.'7 He also said: 'A woman was once flung into Hell for tying a cat till it starved to death.'8 And there is the hadith where a man took an egg from a bird's nest, which then distressed the mother bird. Observing this, the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 'Have mercy on the mother; return her egg.'9 Such is the courtesy Islam obliges us to show to other creatures with whom we share this earth.
This, then, is Islam's case for why we must tend to our fragile planet and partake in its healing. This, then, is a believer's ethical world-view. But for such revealed teachings to truly bear fruit, we must each become, in our own lives, the example we wish others to follow. Wa'Llahu wali al-tawfiq.
1. Al-Raghib al-Asbahani, Mufradat Alfaz al-Qur'an (Damascus: Dar al-Qalam, 2002), 636.
2. Cf. al-Sam'ani, Tafsir al-Qur'an (Riyadh: Dar al-Watn, 1997), 1:63-4; Ibn al-Jawzi, Zad al-Masir (Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islami, 2002), 52-3.
3. Muslim, no.2742.
4. As per Ibn Hibban, Sahih, no.2110; al-Bazzar, Musnad, no.2413; Muslim, no.2277.
7. Ahmad, Musnad, no.15629.
9. Abu Dawud, Sunan, no.2675.
Posted in activism, consider Islam, contemporary concerns, environment & earth ethics and tagged corruption, ecology, environmental destruction, fasad, honouring the earth, islah, Islam and environmentalism, khalifahs of the earth, spreading corruption on earth, trustees of the earth
15 thoughts on "Islam's Earth Ethics: Are We Healers or Corrupters?"
JG on May 31, 2013 at 10:09 pm said:
Thank you for this important reminder, one we hear often but not in such a beautiful way mashaAllah.
Abu Aaliyah on June 3, 2013 at 2:31 pm said:
Mashallah. May Allah cause these realities to settle in our hearts and move beyond mere words.
Kay Elam on September 1, 2014 at 12:36 pm said:
Assalamu alaykum.
Number 4 says "plants and the trees bow down." isnt it stars are trees? jazak Allaahu khayran
Abu Aaliyah on September 1, 2014 at 1:06 pm said:
Wa 'alaykum al-salam wa rahmatullah.
Thank you for your query. Classical books of tafsir say that the word al-najm, in the verse can mean one of two things: (i) All stalkless vegetation and plants – which was the view of Ibn 'Abbas and others. (ii) The stars in the night sky (which was the opinion of Mujahid). Thus the commentators differ over the meaning of najm: some preferring the second meaning, others the first.
This can be seen in the standard works of tafsir, such as that of Ibn Kathir, al-Qurtubi, Ibn al-Jawzi and Ibn Juzayy.
As for al-shajr, it refers to all vegetation or plants that have stalks and roots. The commentators are agreed on this meaning.
Barakallahu fikum; and may Allah increase you in inquisitiveness, knowledge and understanding.
neh on June 1, 2013 at 3:39 am said:
Reblogged this on Nazemyat – ناظميات.
charlotten2 on June 1, 2013 at 6:39 am said:
when reading that reminder, one knows wherein one's heart lies, in peace….thank you x
Thank you too. True peace is in fulfilling our role as worshippers of Allah and custodians or khalifahs of the earth: for when the vicegerent lets go of the reigns, all things run wild!
Robert on June 2, 2013 at 4:53 pm said:
Thank you for this very nice post. I like it very much, as it focuses on what seems to be the fitting role of complete human beings.
Greetings Robert,
Thank you for your kind remarks. Your words about trying to be a 'complete human being' are spot on and are really the essence of what such teachings are about. 'I have only been sent to complete and perfect noble character,' is what the Prophet taught us.
Good will and peace.
Surkheel (Abu Aaliyah)
Greetings Sir,
I like very much this teaching from the Prophet. Thank you very much for sharing this.
I am very happy to have been brought to your very nice blog.
Hyde on June 9, 2013 at 5:28 am said:
Peace Be Upon You indeed,
I almost feel unworthy writing on such a serene and composed blog. Your entries take complex issues and make them simple and clear for, for what I assume are many of us.
Wise words sir that help an angry heart that wants to do good.
Assalamu Alaikum,
Brother Hyde
(who suffers from a melancholic 'angry young man syndrome')
Dear Sir (Brother Hyde),
Thank you for this post.
I saw it this morning, and wanted to respond that I greatly admire how you put your thoughts in words. The first two sentences you share are powerful, and I share them as well.
Your words are filled with great humbleness and humility. Yet truth be told, I cannot take credit for any clarity or wisdom that you may have found in my writings: for ultimately whatever good comes to you is from God. [Qur'an 4:79]
It seems the remarkable thing here is that God takes a needy and unworthy creature and allows him to write something that another holds to be worthy and wise. Subhanallah!
Hyde on June 9, 2013 at 7:06 pm said:
Allah is indeed All Wise and All Knowing deserves All Praise.
(I shall be indulging in your blog from time to time to see some good and get the dirt of my pen).
Assalamu Alaikum
m0stafa1 on February 20, 2014 at 10:36 pm said:
Reblogged this on ilmsharif.


Must be between 35-45 years of age.
Do a reconciliation of all library records and ensure effectiveness in the reporting and service delivery to staff and students.
Leading and/or coordinating digital preservation efforts for the libraries that will ensure enduring access to the full content of digital resources over time.
Must be between 30-45 years of age.
Undertake general security operational responsibilities.
Supervise and professionally coordinate outsourced guard shift members, where required.
Assist in assessment of the school's facilities and residential security measures.
Ensure that interior and exterior guard posts are properly manned at all times.
Demonstrate good vigilance skill, honesty, integrity and good analytical skills.
During the academic year, there are a number of House social events, which the Matron may be required to organize and attend.
Monitor the students' daily routines (including punctuality, meal attendance, diet etc), and work with the Senior Matron and Boarding Mistress to help pupils meet expected school standards.
Assess illness and injuries and to refer to the Nurse all medical matters.
Wash, dry, iron and fold the collected linens.
· Inspect food preparation and serving areas to ensure observance of clean, safe, food-handling practices.
· Select wash and soak cereals, wash, peel, cut, and seed fruits and vegetables to prepare them for consumption.
· Observe and test foods to determine if they have been cooked sufficiently, using methods such as tasting, smelling, or piercing them with utensils.
· Portion, arrange, and garnish food, and serve food to students or staff.
· Substitute for or assist other kitchen staff during emergencies or rush periods.
All positions require individuals with excellent P. R. high level of confidentiality, honesty, integrity, ready to work under minimal supervision and ready to start working with the school from Mid January, 2014.


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Q: Ubuntu Installation "Permission Denied" First of all, I tried to download the .iso file and burnt it on a DVD, but the setup didn't show up. Then, I tried with the desktop one and when the setup was about to end, an error window popped up saying "Permission Denied". I searched through the internet, and tried open only wubi.exe with the .iso file in the same folder, I disabled the firewall, I clicked on the wubi.exe and the .iso file propieties and clicked "unlock block" but It was all the same. I tried like five times at least and it still doesn't do nothing. My current operating system is windows 7 ultimate service pack 1.
This is my log http://pastebin.com/NUtVQbi6
I really do need help :c

A: Wubi does not work. Boot into your DVD and install that way. If you have no spare space on HDD,you may resize current partition with GParted or from Windows - System Settings - Administration

A: See the Forums Staff recommendations on WUBI:
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2229766
As was mentioned, it's not supported any longer.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Is it possible for SQL to find records with duplicates? Can I use a SQL query to find records where one field is identical in both? That is, can I use the following table and return 1,3 (the ids) by comparing the name columns (and ignoring the phone)?

    ID | Name | Phone

    1  | Bob  | 5555555555
    2  | John | 1234567890
    3  | Bob  | 1515151515
    4  | Tim  | 5555555555

A: To get the IDs of the duplicates "1,3" concatenated that way use GROUP_CONCAT:
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT( ID SEPARATOR ',' )
FROM Table
GROUP BY Name
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1

A: To get all names that exist more than once you can execute this statement:
SELECT Name FROM People GROUP BY Name HAVING COUNT(*)>1;

A: Another - not necessarily efficient - way to do this is with a self-join:
SELECT P1.Id, P2.Id
  FROM People P1, People P2
 WHERE P1.Id < P2.Id
   AND P1.Name = P2.Name;

The first condition ensures that you only see the pair (1,3) and not the extraneous pairs (3,1) or the identical rows (1,1), (3,3).


Identifying address locations for emergency preparedness, along with improving acquisition and access to the information, is mission-critical for federal, state and local government agencies throughout Maryland and the Nation.
To respond to this need, the Maryland State Geographic Information Committee (MSGIC), in cooperation with the Towson University Center for GIS (TU-CGIS) and Esri, leds an initiative to coordinate distribution of road centerline address data for the entire State of Maryland. The project coordinated and built upon existing road centerline efforts and continues to meet the needs of federal, state, and local government agencies within Maryland.
These efforts would not have been possible without the continued support and participation of all 23 Maryland Counties and the City of Baltimore. Several Maryland government entities have also participated in this cooperative effort, including the Maryland Emergency Management Agency (MEMA), the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR), the Maryland Department of Planning (MDP), the Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT) and the Maryland Department of Information Technology.
Phase 1 of the MSAI was the initial efforts related to unifiying statewide data in Maryland. Goals of this phase of the initiative are outlined.
As the initial phase of the effort, Phase 1 encountered a number of challenges that needed to be addressed and overcome. The effort and solutions developed during Phase 1 have contributed significantly to the success of Phase 2.
There are a tremendous number of benefits that have resulted from the efforts of all who participated in Phase 1 of this project. A list of realized and anticipated benefits are provided.


It might seem that once a sale agreement has been signed that the selling process is complete. Not only is it not over yet, but some of the most complex aspects of a real estate transaction now begin.
Once a contract for the purchase of a home has been accepted, a series of inspections and checks are typically required to satisfy buyers and lenders. REALTORS® help owners complete the transaction process by assisting with the many requirements found in a typical sale agreement. The real estate agent also helps the seller prepare for closing, that is, finalizing the sale.
It's important to look at the sale agreement and review your obligations. For instance, if you have agreed to paint a room or replace the dishwasher, such work must be completed before closing. Your real estate agent can discuss your agreement and the steps that you need to take to complete the transaction.
"Closing" is also known as "settlement" or "escrow." It is usually a brief office meeting to sign and complete the paperwork needed to finalize the sale transaction. One of the best parts of settlement is that there is very little that buyers and sellers need to do. All necessary papers have been prepared by closing agents, title companies, lenders and lawyers. This paperwork reflects the sale agreement and allows all parties in the transaction to verify their interests.
Settlement is increasingly computerized and automated. In many cases, buyers and sellers don't need to attend a specific event; signed paperwork can be sent to the closing agent via overnight delivery. Some areas have services that allow most of the transaction to be completed online. If buyer and seller are present, they may be at the same table, or they may complete their papers separately.


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Posts Tagged with "technology"
Firefox Summit Reflections
Late in July we got together close to 400 extremely active Mozilla contributors for a face to face gathering known as the Firefox Plus Summit. This gathering was partly acknowledgment and celebration of our work so far, and mostly preparation for the future. The Summit has caused me to reflect on the future of Mozilla. In short, that future is bright.
The overriding reason for this is the strength and vibrancy of the Mozilla community. We're growing, we're effective and we're expanding the types of activities that live within Mozilla. The Summit made this very clear.
There are other reasons as well. Mozilla combines the abstract goals of Internet openness, participation and decentralized decision-making with the concrete task of building great products. This combination is working. It attracts people to Mozilla, and it gives us a way of building products that reflects the Internet itself. The values of the project bring meaning and guide the way we do things. The software allows us to make those values tangible, and put their manifestations in the hands of millions of people.
Another important element is the financial resources Mozilla enjoys. We've just renewed our agreement with Google for an additional three years. This agreement now ends in November of 2011 rather than November of 2008, so we have stability in income. We're also learning more all the time about how to use Mozilla's financial resources to help contributors through infrastructure, new programs, and new types of support from employees.
Finally, the quality of our technology, products and innovation also holds great promise. In the few weeks since the Summit we've already seen a new approach to vastly improving JavaScript performance, the launch of "Snowl," the introduction of the browser concept series, developer releases for Thunderbird, and video moving into the browser via Firefox 3.1. There's much more coming.
We have large challenges ahead of us, there's no question of that. There are many ways in which Internet life could become closed, manipulated and decidedly unpleasant. And Mozilla itself is not perfect. Many improvements are possible in how we work and what we accomplish. To be effective we'll need to do our best, and then do even better.
Our challenges are real, our opportunities are real, and our strength is real.
Put those together, and the future is bright.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: community, conferences, technology | 59 comments
The SQLite Consortium
Yesterday Robert Accettura made an interesting post about the range of SQlite today titled "The Winner For Most Embedded Is: SQLite." This reminds me I've been wanting to talk about SQLite Consortium for a while. Robert points out thatSQLite is an element of "Adobe Air, Mozilla Prism, Google Gears, Android, iPhone SDK (likely through Core Data API), Ruby On Rails (default DB in 2.0), PHP 5 (bundled but disabled in PHP.ini by default)." I personally would probably say Firefox as well as Prism. In addition, SQLite is an open source (actually, public domain) piece of software. At Mozilla we view SQLite as important both for our product and for advancing transparency, openness, innovation and participation in the Internet.
Last December Symbian and Mozilla became the charter members of the SQLite Consortium. Last week Adobe announced that it has joined the SQLite Consortium, demonstrating Adobe's recognition of the importance of Sqlite and its participation in various open source projects. Hopefully other organizations that rely on SQLite will do the same.
Here's a bit more on the history.
A while back Richard Hipp contacted Mozilla to see if we had some time to talk to him about sustainability models. He had a problem we at Mozilla were familiar with — difficulty in getting organizations to fund the development of the core. At Mozilla we have seen this repeatedly — many companies understand why it's important for them to fund development of the particular aspects of Mozilla that specifically benefit their business. It was much harder to find companies that would fund the core development applicable to all users of Mozilla code.
Dr. Hipp was facing the same issue with SQLite. Many companies were willing — eager even — to enter into contracts to enhance SQLite to meet their needs. But few were funding the fundamental core of the offering. I was embarrassed to learn that Mozilla itself belonged to this group. We had entered a contract with Dr. Hipp some time before to do some work related to full-text indexing support. I knew about this of course but it never occurred to me to ask if the SQLite developers needed funding to maintain the core capabilities. (I should note that Richard didn't raise this point with us; I asked directly and thus learned of my failing ). Fortunately the folks at Symbian were more perceptive. They had realized that providing stability and sustainability for long term development of the core of SQLite is important and were talking with Richard about how to do this. As a result Richard contacted Mozilla to see if any of our experiences could help him with his thinking.
Once I got over my embarrassment I spent some time talking to Richard to understand his goals for SQLite and to see how best Mozilla could support Richard and SQLite. Richard was clear about the main goals: keeping SQLite an independent project, and freely available for anyone to use. On behalf of Mozilla I expressed a strong interest in the current developers (Richard and his colleague Dan Kennedy) retaining technical direction over the SQLite project and in developing a sustainability model that does not diminish the effectiveness of the technical leadership. The Symbian folks agreed completely, and Symbian and Mozilla became charter members of the Consortium, which was launched on December 12, 2007. The Consortium is described in general terms on the SQLite website, and the form of Consortium Agreement is also available online.
The Consortium Agreement makes it clear that technical direction of SQLite remains solely in the hands of the developers. Consortium members receive access to the developers for support if desired. I noted that Mozilla would join without the support offering solely to provide support to the core developers to do what they think best (and I suspect the other early members might feel the same way). Dr. Hipp felt that it would be easier to attract additional members over time if the support component was retained. I don't know that Mozilla will make use of this. But I hope that other organizations that use SQLite in their products will find this significant enough to help justify participating in the Consortium.
Joining the Consortium was an easy decision for Mozilla. We use the technology, it advances the Mozilla mission and — most importantly — the SQLite developers themselves are people who combine a fierce dedication to the openness and technical excellence of their work with discipline and structure. Like many great open source (here, public domain) and free software projects, the key developers have enormous commitment to their work. In my discussions with Richard I've come to understand that this commitment is combined with integrity, modesty, and an exceptional consistency of focus and quality.
It's great to see the SQLite Consortium come to life. It's great to see this grow out of Symbian's very forward-looking thinking in supporting Dr. Hipp so early on; and great to see Adobe's quick decision to join the Consortium. And I certainly hope that other companies who aren't already supporting SQLite development will look closely at keeping SQLite independent and vibrant by becoming Consortium members.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: revenue, technology | 3 comments
Importance of Standards
Before long I'm going to try to take the comments to my last post about standards and weave the comments together. But first I want to respond to the comment worrying whether this discussion about standards reflects a change (or coming change) in Mozilla's interest in web standards. The answer is no.
The goal of is the discussion is to think about whether we can improve the setting. It's because this is so important that I want to focus on it.
For example, can we encourage more openness and transparency in the creation of web standards? We've proved that openness and transparency work well for code: they encourage discussions to focus on technical merit; they allow everyone who is interested to understand the details; they encourage participation. Why not do this with the creation of web standards?
Similarly, can we create a good means of input for both the "implementors" (in our case, the browser and other software vendors) and the web developers in the standards creation process? Browser makers and web developers are two sides of the same coin — both are needed to have a high quality, interoperable web. And each group can make life miserable for the other.
Are there ways we can improve communication between browser makers and web developers during the creation of a web standard? Not afterward, when the standard is done. Communication at that time makes web developers "consumers" of the standard, not participants in its development.
The earlier post and perhaps a few more are intended to develop a context for this sort of discussion and then action. We can jump into the discussion immediately, but it's often useful to have shared vocabulary and framework.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: technology, Web standards | 4 comments
XUL and XULRunner investment
I've been working on getting this post together for a while. Originally I had hoped to have more specific suggestions regarding mechanisms for interacting with other XUL developers. But the conversation about investing in the Mozilla platform is happening now, so I'll start with this and we can think through specifics together.
Recently there's been a fair amount of discussion about platforms for building "Rich Internet Applications." Adobe's Apollo demo and Microsoft's Silverlight (WPF/E) effort generate significant attention. And Mozilla's XUL offering is ever more widely used, in both relatively high profile projects like Joost and Songbird and in less well known but very interesting applications.
Here's an outline of where the Mozilla Foundation plans to spend resources with regard to XUL and XULRunner. The plans below relate to the next 18 months or so as we develop an updated version of core Mozilla technology known as "Mozilla 2." One of the goals of Mozilla 2 is to make it an easier technology to embed. We will revisit our XUL and XULRunner plans as Mozilla 2 comes to fruition.
The Mozilla Foundation will continue to invest significant amounts in XULRunner and the Mozilla "platform."
The Foundations' focus for XULRunner work for the next 18 months or so will be on browsing, Firefox and the Firefox ecosystem.
In addition, the Foundation will work to increase communication with XUL developers — both general understanding and specific API requests — and drive relevant information into our overall planning process.
Contributions that broaden XULRunner are more than welcome; these will be managed according to Module Ownership and other Mozilla policies.
"XUL" (pronounced "zool") stands for "XML based User Interface Language" and is the language in which Mozilla applications like Firefox, Thunderbird, Sunbird and the multitude of extensions are written.
"XULRunner" is a packaging of the core Mozilla codebase including XUL, HTML, XML, CSS, Javascript and the rest of the Gecko rendering engine. In other words, XULRunner is the core runtime, including a set of libraries and APIs that provide basic functionality required by Web applications, but which does not include any actual user interface or "application" layer.
"Pre-packaged" or "productized" or "stand-alone" XULRunner. These are terms that have been used to describe an instance of XULRunner that various applications would expect to find on a machine and would share once found. This would allow distribution of a thin "application layer" only, which would then take advantage of a stand-alone XULRunner already on the target machine.
"Mozilla Foundation" as used here includes the Mozilla Corporation.
Mozilla Foundation Plans and the Role of Module Ownership
The Mozilla Foundation plans outlined below live within the content of Mozilla policies relating to Module Ownership, code review, source code commit access, etc. These policies state that individuals to whom authority has been delegated have responsibilities to the Mozilla project itself, unrelated to employment.
The policy on Module Ownership is particularly relevant to this discussion. Module owner responsibilities are outlined in the Module Owners Roles and Responsibilities document. I've excerpted a particularly relevant paragraph below:
Module owners are not tyrants. They are chartered to make decisions with input from the community and in the best interests of the community. Module owners are not required to write code because the community wants them to. (Like anyone else, the module owners may write code because they want to, because their employers want them to, because the community wants them to, or for some other reason.) Module owners do need to pay attention to patches submitted to that module. However "pay attention" does not mean agree to every patch. Some patches may not make sense for Mozilla; some may be poorly implemented. Module owners have the authority to decline a patch; this is a necessary part of the role. Mozilla.org asks the module owners to describe in the relevant bug their reasons for wanting changes to a patch, for declining it altogether, or for postponing review for some period. We don't ask or expect them to rewrite patches to make them acceptable. Similarly, module owners may need to delay review of a promising patch due to an upcoming deadline. For example, a patch may be of interest, but not for the next milestone. In such a case it may make sense for the module owner to postpone review of a patch until after matters needed for a milestone have been finalized. Again, we expect this to be described in the relevant bug. And of course, it can't go on very often or for very long without some review . . . .
It is an explicit expectation of the Mozilla Foundation that all its employees (whether employed by the Foundation directly, the Mozilla Corporation, or any other Mozilla entity) who are module owners or have other authority (super-review, etc.) exercise this authority as stated in relevant policy documents.
Mozilla Foundation Plans
1. XUL as language
The XUL language remains fundamentally important to Mozilla. The Mozilla Foundation will continue to invest in the development of the language. We will also continue to work towards standardizing key aspects of the language, such as the "flexibile box layout" which is in process with the W3C. Our focus with XUL language development will be what's necessary for Firefox, but of course all Mozilla module owners have a responsibility to respond to contributions that address other products and broader needs. That responsibility is described above. Specific examples of how this works in practice have been the inclusion of thread-safety patches and graphics patches beyond Firefox requirements in order to meet the needs of the Songbird project.
2. XULRunner to Support Firefox and Browsing
XULRunner also remains fundamentally important, both for Firefox itself and for our efforts to keep the web itself competitive as a platform against closed / proprietary platforms. The Mozilla Foundation will continue to invest quite seriously in developing XULRunner. The primary focus of Mozilla employees will be developing XUlRunner as a robust platform for the open web as viewed via the browser. In other words, on developing XULRunner to meet the needs of the Firefox ecosystem. XULRunner improvements should benefit a range of other applications but the focus of Mozilla employees will be on browsing. This focus will remain for the next 18 months or so.
3. XULRunner to Support Other Applications
For the next 18 months or so the Mozilla Foundation plans a targeted investment here. (This is not a commitment to invest heavily here after 18 months, it is a statement of what we know today.) For the next 18 months or so, we plan to do the following in addition to work related to Firefox needs:
A. Develop a mechanism to:
Improve two way communication with the XUL application developer community.
Gather undocumented requirements, information about bugs and desires for new or improved APIs for XUlRunner.
Help developers get these bugs, API and feature requests into the Mozilla development worldview. In more concrete terms, get this information turned into discussions in the appropriate Mozilla newsgroups, and /or turned into "bugs" in our bug tracking system.
Monitor progress and response level of requests, prod developers when appropriate. For example, clearly understood bug fixes should be a good candidate for immediate check-in whether or not the bug affects Firefox or any other Mozilla Foundation application.
Assist XUL developers to evaluate whether their work could / should be contributed back to the main development effort and if so, how to do so effectively.
B. Utilize this information in planning and implementation of ongoing platform development work, including Mozilla 2. Note that this does not mean all wishes are valid, or even if valid will be undertaken directly by the Mozilla Foundation. This is a focus on learning and evaluating requests, not on necessarily meeting everyone's wish — lists. And of course, participation by XUL developers will help make things faster.
C. Make incremental improvements and accept contributions that module owners believe are understood, move XULRunner forward and don't include undue risk.
D. Revisit these plans periodically (but not constantly) to see if changing circumstances should cause a change in plans.
4. Stand-Alone XULRunner.
The Mozilla Foundation does not plan to invest in a pre-packaged or stand-alone XULRunner at this time. We plan to re-evaluate this as we approach the release of Mozilla 2. Specifically this means we are not producing supported XULRunner builds and we do not plan to ship Firefox3 on top of a stand-alone XULRunner. (If someone contributed the patches to make this happen we would evaluate them, but anticipate the risk associated with such patches would almost preclude their incorporation into Firefox 3 unless they landed and tested well during the alpha release cycle.)
The rationale for this decision is that the primary advantage of packing XULRunner as a runtime is to allow for the download and distribution of small applications that can use a pre-installed copy of XULRunner. However, several problems prevent this from being a viable solution in practice:
As we've seen with the JVM, CLR, and DLL settings it is often the case that applications will need to bind to a very specific version of the runtime. In this case the application may still require downloading its own XULRunner version.
Many existing users of XULRunner are adding their own extensive customizations to the platform and thus could not use a standard build. We are eager for developers to contribute back generally useful customizations so that their work improves XULRunner for everyone. However, we anticipate some patches will be particular to a developer or class of developers. These may not be contributed back, may not desirable for a general distribution, or may involve enough risk that extensive testing and timing requirements will be necessary.
A stand-alone XULRunner is a potentially significant and disruptive amount of work and the practical benefits in the real work setting of the Web are difficult to assess given the versioning problems described above. The Foundation will focus its resources on problems where we're more certain of the scope of positive impact.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: technology, XUL | 8 comments
Application vs. Platform Focus
I've been working on a statement about investment in the XUL platform. It's been in the works for a while as I wanted to make sure of the facts. I'll post it shortly. It wasn't written specifically as a response but serves pretty nicely as a next step in the conversation that's underway.
Before then I thought I'd describe informally my own personal views on the question of investment in the platform vs. the application.
The platform is critical. We invest an enormous amount in the platform technologies; probably more than in any other area. The platform technologies — known as XULRunner — are rich, flexible, and open like the web. They are what give Firefox its power. They also provide a powerful foundation for other applications, and we are seeing an increasing number of other applications built on XULRunner.
This is awesome. It provides an ever-increasing number of applications built on open source and shared technology, and increases the amount of the Internet accessible through open alternatives.
This raises the question: should Mozilla focus mostly on the platform as a general purpose platform? Should we drop our focus on "browsing" and focus instead on a platform for any and all web-enabled applications?
To me the answer is clearly "no." Imagine a world without Firefox, or where we built platform technologies for Internet applications in general. Without the tens of millions of Firefox users, how would we keep web-based content open to multiple browsers? Without the testing of the platform provided by an application like Firefox, how would we achieve the necessary quality? Without an application like Firefox, how could the Mozilla participants satisfy the passion to touch human beings, to improve the Internet experience for actual people? Without touching people how could we build the communities of thousands — in some cases tens of thousands — of people who see and promote the Mozilla mission? How do we build and sustain a community sufficient to provide the technology itself?
It may be possible to find answers for any one of these questions. But touching human beings and helping individual people is a fundamental part of what many contributors do. Take that away and one takes away much of the vitality.
The Mozilla Foundation will continue building the Mozilla platform. And application developers who have high quality improvements to make are very welcome contributors. But the idea of the Mozilla Foundation de-emphasizing applications in order to transform ourselves into a general purpose "platform" organization — giving up the fundamental focus on the human being a application focus provides, reducing our ability to help individuals directly — seems an absolute non-starter to me.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: technology, XUL | Comments off
The Open Web and Firefox Focus
The Mozilla Foundation's Statement of Direction describes two complementary techniques for advancing the Open Web. One is to nurture a broad set of technology and community building efforts, centered around the Mozilla platform and values. The second is to focus more precisely on those areas with the greatest leverage for change. Today, this second technique translates into a focus on Firefox, the platform technology that underlies Firefox, and the Firefox ecosystem.
It is extraordinarily difficult to create the kind of impact that Firefox and the Firefox ecosystem now enjoy. The Mozilla community has done this, and the Foundation feels an acute responsibility to live up to the opportunities this creates. We have a rare point of leverage and must not let it slip away.
Because Firefox has such leverage today, the bulk of the Foundation's resources are devoted to promoting Firefox, the Firefox ecosystem, the underlying technologies that make modern browsing possible, and the various communities that participate in these efforts. In more concrete terms this means:
Focus most where we have the greatest impact — Firefox and "browsing" broadly defined — that is, browser-based access to web content and applications
Focus on the XUL platform that underlies Firefox to keep the Open Web competitive against closed/proprietary platforms
Assist other Mozilla participants and projects, but not equally with Firefox and not at significant cost to Firefox
Be exemplary Mozilla participants (this has historically been explicitly not doing whatever people ask for, but providing evaluation, review, module ownership, etc., with a focus broader than a single product)
Clearly these expectations are very broad — what does it mean to "focus on the XUL platform that underlies Firefox?" How much is specific to Firefox? To what extent are more general platform needs incorporated as "assist other Mozilla projects, but not equally with Firefox and not at significant cost to Firefox?" This level of detail should generally be worked out by the technical leadership through the module ownership system.
And clearly there are a range of other activities which the Foundation could undertake to promote the first goal above — encouraging a broad set of Mozilla-based participation, whether or not any particular effort becomes a global general consumer product. As noted in the Statement of Direction, the Foundation intends to do so. There will be more on this topic before too long.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: Firefox, openness, technology | 1 comment
Living with Computers — the nighttime scare
One night not long ago I got home from work before the rest of my family. I was off setting my laptop up for another work session when suddenly I heard an odd noise, and then another. I froze, trying to figure out what it was and where it came from.
After a minute another noise. These noises were clearly from inside the house. But they made me feel a bit better — they sounded much more like an animal than a person. Then I noticed the door to the garage was open. Ugh, I thought. I wonder if somehow the neighborhood raccoons found a way into the garage and are now in the house. (The raccoons have been a big problem this year. My neighbors routinely exchange tales of how we try to secure our garbage cans so the raccoons don't open them and make a giant mess.)
I got a tool and went carefully around the house looking for animals. Silence. And of course, just as I relax I hear more noises. Odd, odd noises. They seem to be coming from around a particular chair. The noises seem louder than the sounds made by the lizards that sometimes come inside, but lizards are my new best guess. I walk around the edge of the chair and suddenly there is a set of loud noises — exactly at my ear height.
I jump, jump backward, and look around. Right exactly at ear height I see them — the little speakers hooked up to our kitchen computer. There's no question they are the source of the sounds. After some investigation I learn that my son likes the notification sounds that my husband's Instant Messaging Client makes when people log on. So they have selected the "best" sounds, turned the volume way up, and left. The monitor has long since gone into power saving mode and is completely black.
There's only sounds. Odd, animal-like sounds at inconsistent intervals. Live with computers — isn't it great?
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: home, technology | Comments off
Living with Computers — the Morning Alarm
When I came back home from some recent travels I learned that my husband and son had had some trouble getting to school on time. How did I know this? No one said much about it, but the family computer gave the secret away.
Our "family computer" lives in the kitchen. It's a combination of a Mac mini (the little box) with a Dell combination TV / monitor. My husband has long wanted to be able to watch the football while we're in the kitchen. So a year or so ago he hooked up this system. It turns out that we still rarely turn the TV and we use the computer a lot more than the TV. (It's not enough to have both our work laptops in the nearly dining room and various other bits of computer gear through the house. No, we really "need" an extra computer 🙂 )
The morning after I got home I was groggily dragging myself around the house trying to wake up when a giant booming voice came rolling out of the kitchen. After a bit I realized it wasn't my son yelling, it was a distorted computer voice announcing "School Departure Blast-off! Five minutes and counting!" Followed by a loud and perky version of Devo's "Time-out for FUN." After 5 minutes of Divo, it is time to get out of the house. Weeks later, it's still working. Periodically we change the voice. My son is horrified by the idea of an alarm clock, but finds this approach completely natural.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: home, life, technology | 1 comment
Traditionally, our Roadmap has been a short, very high level document that identifies the key issues of an era and sets direction in those areas. I'd like to see us try out a new approach to our roadmap going forward.
It would be very helpful for the Platform roadmap to become more of a working document, one that sets a global framework for what we're doing, and is also tied structurally to other, more detailed planning documents. It should help engineering contributors relate their work to the overall plan, and should help everyone see what's planned and how the pieces tie together. We should have an explicit plan for the Mozilla "platform" (often known as "Gecko") and we should have an explicit plan for the products, starting with Firefox. Perhaps the two plans together are the Roadmap, or perhaps we have a product roadmap and a platform roadmap, I'm not sure. But in any case the two must be closely related.
I'll outline here a plan for the platform piece, with the understanding that the product piece will follow closely. Mike Shaver, with Brendan's encouragement, has started the effort to produce a platform roadmap along the lines I describe below.
More specifically, here's a plan:
The Platform Roadmap remains a short, high-level document, but would provide a level more detail than our current and past roadmaps. For example, the next iteration should describe the technology capabilities of the Mozilla platform in the 1.9 release. It should have an outline of the major areas of technology that we know we're working on for our 1.9 release, plus a summary of the rationale for these areas and a general statement of what we hope to accomplish in the 1.9 cycle. This document must have an owner who is responsible for the overall integrity of the plan, for including the correct areas of technology, and for figuring out how they relate together and for the ongoing vitality of the document. In my mind, this person is Mike Shaver, in close collaboration with Brendan Eich. By close collaboration I mean that Brendan is integral to the process and the document isn't complete until Brendan signs off on it. By designating Mike Shaver as the owner I mean that it is Mike's job to drive this process, to make sure the document gets written (either by writing it himself, or getting others to write pieces) and to sign off on the content as well. This means Mike is responsible for getting the deliverable done while needing key input from others. It's a bit of a juggling act, and one for which Mike is uniquely suited.
The Platform Roadmap should provide pointers (links, references, etc.) to the more detailed planning and implementation work being done by the contributors. For example, there should be pointers to more detailed information on the state of our graphics initiatives such as cairo and SVG integration. The goal would be that someone can look at the Platform Roadmap, see that we're working on a set of initiatives, follow pointers to those projects and get more detailed goals, schedules and status.
This detailed project-based information would be maintained by the contributors working in this area. This should help give the groups of contributors a way to describe what they are doing, and to have greater involvement and ownership in determining the deliverables, a reasonable schedule, etc. This second level of information will take some work to get pulled together. Perhaps not as much as might be expected, since many of the contributors working on major initiatives have documentation and status information available already and we can point to that information from the Platform Roadmap. In some cases we will have more planning to do. And in all cases the contributors will need to make sure that the description and status of their initiatives remains accurate. But of course, we need to do this in any case. I'd like to see the Roadmap become an organizing framework that allows us to get the most use out of that work.
This means that the Roadmap becomes something that the organization as a whole works on, works with, and relies on. That allows other organizations interested in Mozilla technology to rely on it as well, and to get better, more up to date information about what we're doing than we currently provide.
This type of "roadmap" is something different from the past. It combines the high-level direction setting of past roadmaps with a new operational role. Mike Shaver is ready to take this on, Brendan is working closely with him and pushing to make this successful, and they plan to have a draft Platform Roadmap posted in the next couple of days. It will be a draft, it will undoubtedly need revision and have plenty of room for improvements. But I'm optimistic we've got a plan that lets us make progress. And that's good news.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: staff, technology | Comments off
DevMo and DevEdge updates
For months I've said I've been optimistic that the Mozilla Foundation would be able to reach an agreement allowing us to host and improve the materials from the former Netscape DevEdge site. I'm very pleased to report that my optimism was well founded.
We've reached an agreement with AOL that allows us to post, modify, and create new documents based on the former Netscape DevEdge materials. The agreement is done. I want to thank AOL for making this happen. Netscape DevEdge was a great resource. We're very pleased those materials haven't been lost and that the Mozilla Foundation can host their continued development and use. I also want to thank the many people who wrote to offer encouragement and help regarding the DevEdge materials — your encouragement was very helpful.
What happens now? Well, we probably won't be able to simply recreate the site — we don't have the build scripts for one thing. Naturally, we're eager to get the data sorted out and the most important documents posted asap.
Starting next Monday we'll have a new person working full time at the Mozilla Foundation to help with just this activity. On Monday Deb Richardson joins the Mozilla Foundation as a Technical Editor and Project Manager for DevMo. DevMo is our community based project focused on developer documentation and resources. We have a group of people interested in working on this, and are thrilled Deb can join us to provide the overall coordination, support and project management for this effort, working very closely with our volunteer community. Deb comes to us with extensive documentation and open source experience, having founded both Linuxchix and the Open Source Writers Group. She has also worked professionally as a technical writer, freelance editor, web designer and developer.
One of the first things we'll ask Deb to do is to work with those familiar with the DevEdge material and sort out the most important documents, get those posted asap, and then develop a plan for handling the rest of the material. We want to make critical resources available asap and also build a coherent site. We already have a website at the developer part of mozilla.org that is hard to navigate, not well designed, and filled with material that is or may be outdated.
Categories: Mozilla | Tags: Foundation, staff, technology | 9 comments

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
import { IgxIconModule } from "../../../src/main";
import { IconSampleComponent } from "./sample.component";

@NgModule({
    imports: [IgxIconModule],
    declarations: [IconSampleComponent]
})
export class IconSampleModule {}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Are you still looking for a good DVD ripper software? Luckily, you come to the right place today because I'll share you 2 best free DVD ripper software I found and tested. Just enjoy!
You may have a collection of DVDs and want to transfer the DVDs to your iPhone, iPad, PSP, etc. So you can watch the movies with family and friends on the go or for travel. Or you just tend to extract some certain chapters from a DVD and convert them to a pop video format like MP4 for further use. You'll need to find the best free DVD ripper to rip your DVDs first.
However, looking for a good quality freeware DVD ripper takes a lot of time. I know some of you like to search the target words like "best free DVD ripper" in Google or Yahoo, etc. And then millions of results come out. Did you ever download a free DVD ripper which claimed that it could backup DVD for your PC, tablet, smart phones, but did not work? What's worse, there are some results having viruses and spywares that come with the installer files.
Top 1 Best Free DVD Ripper - HandBrake for Windows I believe HandBrake is quite familiar to most people. It's a multiplatform video transcoder or DVD Ripper, which is available for Windows and Linux. This little tool supports to convert video from nearly any format and it's an open source. It supports two output formats including MKV and MP4 with H.264, MPEG-4, and MPEG-2 codecs. It has good quality in transcoded video and is designed with preset profiles for iPhone, iPad, iPod touch and Apple TV. For advanced users, HandBrake provides many audio and video parameter settings to control the video size and quality. Pros: Good quality in output video; supports cross-platform; small file size; easy to use Cons: Slow speed in transcoding; can't rip protected DVDs unless paired with third-party software.
Top 2 Best Free DVD Ripper - WonderFox Free DVD Ripper Surely here comes to another free DVD ripper for windows – WonderFox Free DVD Ripper. The program lets you rip DVD to a wide range of video formats like AVI, MP4, MPG, MKV, MOV, FLV, 3GP, etc and audio formats including MP3, AAC, AC3, OGG, M4A, FLAC and more. Besides, you are capable of ripping DVD to HD AVI, HD MOV, HD MKV, etc. WonderFox Free DVD Ripper enables you to rip DVD for playback on any pop devices. You can also crop or trim video or add special effects to touch up video. Pros: Built with preconfigured profiles for all pop devices including tablets and smart phones; very fast ripping speed; easy to use; multi-core CPU support; excellent output video audio quality; friendly interface; powerful editing functions like merge.
Another Great DVD Ripper – WonderFox DVD Ripper Actually, I consider both HandBrake and WonderFox Free DVD Ripper as must-have free DVD ripper for Windows. But you must find that they can't rip protected DVDs. So if you need a piece of DVD ripper to handle this flaw or enjoy more, you can turn to WonderFox DVD Ripper. The tool could rip DVD (Disc/ISO) to 116 video formats and supports Intel® Core TM, NVIDIA® CUDATM and AMD® to generate 6X faster video conversion speed with ZERO quality loss. Moreover, it helps you nicely remove DVD protection and copy DVD to nearly all devices, such as iPhone 5S, iPhone 4S, iPad mini, Samsung GALAXY Note 3, GALAXY S4, BlackBerry Playbook, Nokia Lumia 900, N9, Sony PS3, PSP, etc. With this versatile tool, you can rip any DVD including the latest encrypted technology DVDs like DVDs with DVD CSS, region code, RCE, Sony ArccOS, UOPs, Disney X-project DRM.
WonderFox DVD Ripper lets advanced users to do some more customized settings. You can easily set output video resolution, encoder, bit rate, frame rate and output audio sample rate, bit rate, encoder and more. How to Rip DVD with WonderFox DVD Ripper Before loading your DVD, make sure you've downloaded this great tool. Open it first. Step 1: Insert the DVD disc into computer DVD-ROM. And then simply click "Load DVD" and you can choose which parts of this DVD to be loaded from 2 options – Main Movie and All Movies. Step 2: Then you need to choose an output video format or you can just select one portable device. Step 3: Hit "Start" to backup the DVD with the fastest conversion speed compared with others' and with excellent video and audio quality.


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text:
The Grief of Others
Filmmaker In Focus: Patrick Wang • 1h 38m
"restrained, soulful filmmaking" Los Angeles Times
Cannes - ACID
Galway Film Fleadh
This family drama from director Patrick Wang, an adaptation of Leah Hager Cohen's novel of the same name, beautifully and insightfully explores the emotional distance grief can create between family members who, while experiencing similar emotional pain, endure it in isolation. Like Wang's other films, The Grief of Others is very much an ensemble piece and the film looks at not only the four family members at the heart of its story, but extended family members and newly formed friendships too. Wang's intelligent, surprising screenplay combined with the excellent performances from the talented cast, particularly those of Trevor St. John and Wendy Moniz-Grillo, create a poignant, meaningful drama that is hugely affecting.
USA - 2015 - 1h 39m
Directed By: Patrick Wang
Written By: Patrick Wang
Starring: Trevor St. John, Wendy Moniz-Grillo, Oona Laurence


Test and tag is an important process that helps to save lives. Without proper electrical tagging, you are putting yourself, your loved ones or employees at risk for electrical disasters. Finding a quality test and tag Brisbane service will help to ensure that your home or workplace is safe and up to date with electrical regulations.
What does Test and Tag mean?
It's the term we give to the process of visually and electrically testing in-service electrical equipment to verify safety.
The goal of electrical tagging is to determine if an electrical appliance is safe for use. The test and tag equipment will first undergo a visual test to look for any obvious faults, such as damage or missing parts.
Following the visual test, we'll perform many electrical tests, including; insulation resistance, polarity and earth continuity.
If the appliance or electrical lead we test passes both the physical and electrical test, the tester will print out a tag with a unique barcode and retest date. This tag is then attached to the item that was tested and kept there until the next inspection date.
Regularly scheduled maintenance of your appliances, tools, power leads, extension leads, etc. is vital to ensure the safety of your home or office and those inside it.
The fact is, every year in Brisbane and throughout all of Australia, there are dozens of home and workplace-related accidents and deaths involving electrocution and fires. You can prevent many of these accidents with regular test and tag inspections.
-Expertly trained and certified technicians to perform your electrical test and tag.
We are 100% compliant with all Workplace Health and Safety Regulations. We document all electrical testing and provide you with a copy of the results as well as keep a copy on file.
As a business or homeowner, it is your responsibility to keep your home or business safe from electrical hazards. We have developed a systematic and proven method of identifying faulty or dangerous electrical appliances to help you with this process.
Compliance with test and tag regulations and regularly scheduled testing and maintenance will help you to lower your risk of experiencing a devastating electrical accident.
If you are looking for a test and tag service in Brisbane to help you remain compliant with current regulations and keep your home and business safe, give us a call today. Let our team of certified electrical tagging experts help you to ensure the safety of your home or office appliances.


With the rapid growth in technology, it is becoming more easy for us to manage our homes using smart home tech. We find that investing in home tech such as smart bulbs and security cameras does not cost us much, compared to changing prior investments such as garage doors to make it smarter. In order to make it more affordable for folks, Chamberlain has made an universal smartphone garage door controller that we can install to our already existing garage door at a fraction of the cost compared to if we were to change the entire door.
MyQ is designed to make our existing garage door smarter! Imagine a scenario, when you leave your home and then you suddenly remember you left the garage door open – there is no need to panic or come back home to close it. We can now simply use the MyQ garage door control from our smartphone and close or open the door with the touch of our finger wherever we are! This choice makes it more convenient for us to be functional and easily manage our home.
Chamberlain's MyQ smartphone garage door controller is compatible with most garage door openers, and can be added to our existing garage door opener that does not necessarily have to be a Chamberlain product. The MyQ technology works with a majority of garage door openers manufactured after 1993.
Mount the bracket to the ceiling of the garage near the existing garage door opener and fasten the Wi-Fi hub.
Attach the sensor to the top inside the panel of the garage door with adhesive strip.
Download the MyQ Garage app and follow the instructions to set it up.
The existing garage door needs to be sectional that roll up, rather than one piece that flip up.
Doors need to have safety reversing sensors on the bottom of the garage door track for our own safety, which is usually standard in almost all garage doors. These sensors prevent the door from closing when something is blocking the door path.
The garage needs to have decent Wi-Fi signal.
We need to have an iOS or Android device such as phones or tablets.
An extra electrical outlet next to the opener to power the MyQ.
After the setup is complete, we need to install the free MyQ app to our smartphone or device. The app has useful features such as: it tells us if our garage door is left open, sends notifications to the phone when the garage door opens and closes. The best feature that we like is its ability to open and close the garage door anytime from anywhere in the world. Having the option to monitor the door is convenient such as knowing when the door was open and closed, or if it is left open. The Wi-Fi hub that comes with this kit picks up even the weak signals from the router, which was the case in our garage.
If you have a garage door opener that you purchased in the last few years, and want to make it smarter to control and monitor - then this Chamberlain MyQ Smartphone Garage Door Controller is a wonderful option that does not cost much.
The kit includes the Wi-Fi hub, door sensor, mounting bracket for the hub, hardware for the Wi-Fi hub, Adhesive strips for the sensor, hardware for the door sensor, power cord for the Wi-Fi hub, and Quick Start instructions. It can be purchased at home improvements stores.
That is a really great app! Really gives you peace of mind!
This is so cool! There have been times we've forgot to check that the garage door went all the way down & we've turned around to double check, this would eliminate that need!
This is a great idea and I will pass this on to my son because he can really use this!!
Looks very cool!! Great for those with big garage doors!
What a great app! I will show my kids this, they could really use this!
Wow, this is a terrific idea, love the alerts when the garage door opens, it's a great security feature.
Sounds like an interesting product for those who have garages.
This is what we have in our garage and it is excellent!
This is super smart. I don't go in my garage much but Dh does and I bet he'd like this.
Does it work with Android phones as well as apple?
Oh my gosh I love this! We could really use this - my husband forgets to close the garage door often in the morning when he goes to work, and I often second guess myself when I leave too. This would give us peace of mind! And we have all the requirements we need for it to work, yay!
We don't have a garage door so not something for us but i will pass this on to my daughter.Thanks for the great review !
This would be great if I had a smartphone.
This is so amazing. I love technology is making things so much easier and giving us a piece of mind all at the same time.
really great..but we do not have a garage door on this house!
This would be totally awesome...but we don't have a garage. I wish we did.


text:
Post-traumatic Cerebral Fat Embolism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
DINESH DHAR
Dinesh Dhar, Department of Orthopedics, Nizwa Regional Referral Hospital, Sultanate of Oman, E-mail: dinesh612003@yahoo.com
Dhar, D. Post-traumatic Cerebral Fat Embolism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. (2016) J Anesth Surg 3(1): 65-67.
© 2016 Dhar, D. This is an Open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Fat embolism; Cerebral fat embolism syndrome; Seizures; Coma Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging
Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a serious clinical manifestation of fat embolism. This report describes a case of post traumatic Cerebral fat embolism (CFE) following surgery on long bone fractures. The course of disease, clinical picture, management have been described highlighting that early diagnosis and good supportive and intensive care can help in achieving meaningful recovery in most cases.
Fat embolism is a subject of great interest to orthopedic surgeon. The term 'Fat embolism' indicates the presence of fat globules in the peripheral circulation after major trauma associated with fractures of long bones, pelvis and in setting of elective or emergency orthopedic procedures. Fat embolism syndrome(FES) in was first described by Van Bergman (1873) in a patient with fracture femur[1]. The true incidence of which is difficult to assess as subclinical forms go unrecognized. Its incidence varies from 0.5 - 30 % of fractured patients[2] with higher rate in multiple injured patients with mean mortality of 10 %[3]. Cerebral fat embolism (CFE) is a variant of FES characterized by predominance of neurologic manifestations often without initial pulmonary, dermatologic manifestations[4]. Neurologic manifestations may vary from decreased level of consciousness to seizures, coma , paresis, altered or loss of speech and vision[5].
An 18 years old previously healthy male patient was brought to accident and emergency department, Nizwa hospital following motorbike accident with Type 3A open fracture right tibia and ipsilateral closed fracture of shaft femur. Patient had no evidence of head, chest or abdominal trauma. Upon admission patient was attended by trauma team. Patient had GCS 15/15, normotensive, with normal pulse, respiratory rate. Oxygen saturation (Spo2) was recorded as 98 %. Blood work up including FBC, biochemistry, coagulation profile, group cross match and relevant radiographs of fractured extremity along with chest, pelvis and cervical spine were obtained. All along the patient was resuscitated, fractured limbs were splinted after preliminary wound debridement of open wound right leg.
Five hours after admission patient underwent emergency wound debridement right leg along with external fixation of fracture tibia and closed Interlock nailing right femur under general anesthesia. The surgery lasted for 3½ hours. After surgery he was transferred to the high dependency unit of orthopedic ward for close monitoring. Post operatively he was vitally stable with normal response to verbal commands and normal eye opening. Eight hours post operatively he was found to be drowsy but still responding to verbal commands with normal hemodynamic and oxygen saturation of 98 %. An urgent chest radiograph and CT brain was done. Both revealed no abnormality. Patient over next two hours had further decline in level of consciousness with Glasgow coma score of 6 (eye opening 2, motor response 2 and verbal response 2) with normal response of pupils to light. Eleven hours post operatively patient had first tonic-clonic seizures following which he was intubated and ventilated, transferred to intensive care unit for neuromonitoring and supportive care. His repeat blood work up showed hypocalcaemia with normal arterial blood gas levels and platelet count. Urine examination did not show any fat globules. Hypocalcemia was corrected with calcium gluconate infusion over a period of next two days. Second postoperative day patients fundus examination suggested features consistent with fat embolism. On third postoperative day Chest radiograph demonstrated diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and patient was noticed to have petechial rash on the anterior chest wall, axilla and supraclavicular region which disappeared over period of two days. Subsequent chest radiographs demonstrated diffuse involvement of both lungs, worst on day 6 which resolved with continuing supportive treatment and the lung parenchyma appeared to be normal by day 10. Repeat CT scan of brain was reported as showing diffuse edema. MRI was contemplated but could not be done as it was not available in our hospital and shifting patient to tertiary centre for MRI was not found to be feasible in view of his general condition. On the basis of clinical findings diagnosis of cerebral fat embolism (CFE) was confirmed. Patient remained in ICU on mechanical ventilation with general supportive care for 15 days. He was extubated on 16 days post operatively but found to have weakness of left arm with grade 3/5 power with sluggish reflexes and apraxia without any cranial nerve deficit. Patient was reviewed by neurologist and started on physiotherapy and by day 25 of admission to the hospital had made full neurologic recovery with normal speech. He was eventually discharged from hospital by 35 days of hospitalization. Patient has been on follow up since with us regularly and is doing fine.
Cerebral fat embolism is commonly seen in age group of 16-30 years[2,3,6]. Our patient also was in the same age group. Neurological manifestations are seen usually in postoperative period following surgeries on long bones and pelvis[3,6,7] as was seen in our patient.
The pathophysiology of CFE is not definitively understood. Various theories have been put forward. The Mechanical theory states that fat droplets released from the bone marrow after fracture of long bones enters the torn veins due to high intramedullary pressure and is transferred to pulmonary vasculature where large fat globules > 8 microns results in mechanical obstruction of lung capillaries. Smaller fat globules of 7 microns or less may cross pulmonary circulation into systemic circulation causing embolization to brain, kidney and skin. Another way the fat globules can cross over to the systemic circulation is through the pre-existing atrerio-venous shunts or patent foramen ovale[8].
The biochemical theory postulates that the embolised fat is degraded to free fatty acids which leads to endothelial damage, alteration of capillary permeability with ischemic pathologic changes seen in white matter due to poor collateral circulation although fat embolism occurs in grey matter predominantly due to good capillary circulation[9].
Neurologic manifestations of CFE can present in form of confusion, encephalopathy, seizures or coma[10,11,12] Diagnosis is based on clinical features and is collaborated by associated pulmonary and cutaneous manifestations. Subclinical CFE is difficult to diagnose because in early stages CT scan and MRI of brain is negative[9]. In our case the diagnosis of CFE was made that the patient had cerebral manifestations following orthopedic operations in form of decreased level of consciousness followed by seizures and other findings in form of petechial rash, fundus findings of FES, hypocalcaemia and ARDS changes on chest radiographs.
The neuroradiological diagnosis of CFE based on CT and MRI imaging modalities in early stages are non specific. Cerebral CT is used primarily to exclude other causes of neurological dysfunction as it is usually negative despite focal deficit or clinical encephalopathy[13]. MRI is more sensitive and typical findings are in form of multiple small, scattered, no confluent hyper intense intracerebral lesions on T2-weighted scans occurring in both gray and white matter[3,14]. Their number correlates with the Glasgow coma scale[15] with lesions disappearing over period of few weeks[14,15]. DW-MRI has been however found to be more sensitive and specific in picking up early high intensity lesions in brain in form of star field pattern of scattered bright spots on a dark background[16,17].
The mainstay treatment of CFE is supportive with ventilator support the duration of which may extend from 3 weeks to 6 months with good recovery[3,18]. Pfeffer et al have reported poor outcome in cases where there was associated hypoxia and hypotension. Cerebral edema if present leads to rapid neurological deterioration in these cases[3,18]. Further neurological findings of CFE may be masked if there is associated head trauma. Long term ventilator support is needed in these patients to prevent hypoxic brain injury which if avoided leads to good prognosis.
Early diagnosis, prevention by early immobilization of fractures, stable haemodynamics and adequate tissue oxygenation, with idea of maintaining arterial oxygen saturation of more than 90 % should be the goal. Ancillary measures as adequate hydration, prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis, DIC and stress ulcers should be part of the regimen.
Corticosteroids use in FES has been a topic of debate. It is known that corticosteroids inhibit activation of complement system, protect capillary endothelium, stabilize the granulocyte membrane and retard platelet aggregation. Corticosteroids therapy used prophylactically in selected cases has been found to reduce the incidence of FES[16,17].
The prognosis of CFE if recognized and treated early is good with complete recovery but can prove fatal if its diagnosis remains elusive in early stages.
Any patient with fractures of long bones following orthopedic surgery who develops un expected deteriorating level of consciousness or seizures in absence of head trauma or other pre-existing medical condition should be evaluated for suspected CFE keeping in mind the clinical features of FES, and where facilities are available to go in for early neuroimaging so as to rule out other differential diagnosis and treat CFE as soon as possible to prevent long term disability or fatality.
1. Johnson, M.J., Lucas, G.L. Fat embolism syndrome. (1996) Orthopedics 19(1): 41-49.
2. Meyer, N., Pennington, W.T., Dewitt, D., et al. Isolated cerebral fat emboli syndrome in multiply injured patients: A review of three cases and the literature. (2007) J Trauma 63(6): 1395-1402.
3. Gregorakos, L., Sakayianni, K., Hroni, D., et al. Prolonged coma due to cerebral fat embolism: Report of two cases. (2000) J Accid Emerg Med 17(2): 144-146.
4. Makarewich, C.A., Dwyer, K.W., Cantu, R.V. Severe neurologic manifestations of fat embolism syndrome in a polytrauma patient. (2015) Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 44(1): E25-E28.
5. Kellog, R.G., Fontes, R.B., Lopes, D.K. Massive cerebral involvement in fat embolism syndrome and intracranial pressure management. (2013) J Neurosurg 119(5): 1263-1270.
6. Gupta, B., Kaur, M., D′souza, N., et al. Cerebral fat embolism: A diagnostic challenge. (2011) Saudi J Anaesth 5(3): 348-352.
7. Yildiz, O.K., Delice, A., Oztoprak, I., et al. Cerebral fat embolism in the absence of systemic manifestations of fat embolism syndrome. (2010) Turkiye Klinikleri J Neur 5(1): 19-23.
8. Pell, A.C., Hughes, D., Christie, J. Brief report: Fulminant fat embolism syndrome caused by paradoxical embolism through patent foramen ovale. (1993) N Eng J Med 329(13): 926-929.
9. Lee, Y.S., Park, S.H., Hamm, I.S. Cerebral Fat embolism with multiple rib and thoracic spinal fractures. (2004) J Korean Neurosurg Soc 36(5): 408-411.
10. Jacobson, D.M., Terrence, C.F., Reinmuth, O.M. The neurologic manifestations of fat embolism. (1986) Neurology 36(6): 847-851.
11. Herway, S.T., Slotto, J., Harlan, E., et al. Cerebral Fat Embolism Syndrome. (2015) Anesthesiology.
12. Aravapalli, A., Fox, J., Lazaridis, C. Cerebral Fat embolism and the "Starfield" Pattern : a case report. (2009) Cases J 2: 212.
13. Parizel, P.M., Demey, H.E., Veeckmans, G., et al. Early diagnosis of cerebral fat embolism syndrome by Diffusion-weighted MRI (Starfield pattern). (2001) Stroke 32(12): 2942-2944.
14. Takahashi, M., Suzuki, R., Osakabe, Y., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in cerebral fat embolism: correlation with clinical manifestations. (1999) J Trauma 46(2): 324-327.
15. Cavallazzi, R., Cavallazzi, A.C. The effect of corticosteroids on the prevention of fat embolism after long bone fracture of the lower limbs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (2008) J Bras pneumol 34(1): 34-41.
16. Mobarakeh, M.K., Saied, A.R., Scott, R.K. Efficacy of Corticosteroids in Prevention of Fat Embolism syndrome in patients with long bone fracture. (2008) Iran J Med Sci 33(4): 240-243.
17. Srikanth, K., Sundararajan, S., Rajasekaran, S. Late recovery in cerebral fat embolism. (2014) Indian J Orthop 48(1): 100-103.
18. Pfeffer, G., Heran, M.K. Restricted diffusion and poor clinical outcome in cerebral fat embolism syndrome. (2010) Can J Neurol Sci 37(1): 128-130.


text:
Waco siege, February 28, 1993 & Baylor Bears going 28-2 for 2020-2021 hoops season
Entertainment Federal Government History News Sports
Siege = 45 *Bears = 45 *College championship on 4/5
The Waco siege began February 28, or 28/2.
Baylor University is in Waco.
And Baylor just finished their season 28-2 by winning the NCAA basketball championship with 86, after the death of Elgin Baylor at age 86.
Of course Waco had a lot to do with infringing on personal rights and liberties, and the feds going after guns…
Sounds like what's happening to many people in the nation right now…
Keep in mind there were 156 points scored in the game that made Baylor 28-2.
Waco = 21 (This ritual coming in '21)
Apr 7, 2021, at 11:19 am
Bryson Bell/BigBozzBubba on April 12, 2021 at 8:01 am
Twenty Eight = 156
Can't forget 911 is the 156th prime.
Baylor won the championship days after Roy Williams retired after 33 years as a coach,
Roy Williams = 156
Thirty Three = 156


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Denby, C., Vann, Seralynne Denise, Tsivilis, D., Aggleton, John Patrick, Mayes, A., Sluming, V., Roberts, N and Montaldi, D 2008. MRI measurement of fornix pathology: evidence of extensive fornix damage following surgical removal of colloid cysts in the third ventricle. Neuroscience Imaging 2 (3) , pp. 109-125.
A large cohort of post-surgical colloid cyst patients (n=38) was scanned to provide MR data with which to explore two measures of fornix integrity, overall volume and smallest cross-sectional area. The 3T MRI scans, which provided the first quantitative analysis of fornix volume in this condition, were analysed using a manual segmentation technique. Comparisons were made with 20 healthy age-matched controls. First, inter-rater and intrarater reliability measures were determined for both fornix volume and cross-sectional area from a subset of 20 cases (10 patients, 10 controls). The overall volume measure had acceptable levels of reliability. Subsequent volumetric analyses showed that while the large majority of colloid cyst patients did not suffer complete interruption of the tract, the colloid cyst group had significantly reduced right (368mmsuperscript 3) and left (398mmsuperscript 3) fornix volumes compared to the control volumes (right 507mmsuperscript 3, left 533mmsuperscript 3). Overall, the study revealed that incomplete fornix damage is a common feature in colloid cyst patients. This finding contrasts with the dichotomised descriptions of the fornix (intact or lost) that are more standardly provided after visual inspection of scans. Partial disconnection of the hippocampus is likely to produce long-term memory problems with implications for follow-up monitoring and treatment.


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Home Bottom panel BlackBerry KEY2 LE first impressions: a colourful, more affordable QWERTY-toting workhorse
BlackBerry KEY2 LE first impressions: a colourful, more affordable QWERTY-toting workhorse
Nitansh Rastogi
"The KEY2 LE offers toned-down internals in a similar form factor as the BlackBerry KEY2"
As you might be aware, BlackBerry has licensing its brand name to TCL and Optiemus Infracom, and the devices from the company are starting to make their presence felt. Just last month, the keyboard-toting KEY2 (review) made its way to India, and we also saw the global unveiling of the Evolve and Evolve X (first impressions) soon thereafter. At the IFA trade show in Berlin, TCL has announced a toned-down version of the KEY2, aptly monikered the KEY2 LE. I managed to get my hands on the smartphone to see how exactly it's different from its sibling.
From a distance, the BlackBerry KEY2 LE looks quite similar to the BlackBerry KEY2… both phones have a similar form factor with 4.5-inch displays combined with full-sized QWERTY keyboards. It's only when you hold the two in the hand, you'll notice the difference. The latest handset from the company is constructed out of polycarbonate, and while it doesn't seem as robust as the KEY2, the good thing is that it's much lighter. Because of that, it's also easier to operate the smartphone single-handedly.
The display quality also remains the same as the KEY2 LE, bearing a resolution of 1,080 x 1,620 pixels with a ratio of 3:2. The IPS panel is sharp and the viewing angles are also quite good. However as I pointed out in the KEY2 review, the handset isn't meant for consuming videos or stuff like Instagram stories because of the screen's unconventional aspect ratio.
The joy of using keys to type is unmatched however, even though it'll take time to getting used to. You also get the 'Speed' key, which lets you assign as many as 26 shortcuts when pressed in conjunction with the specific alphabet key. In this manner, you can quickly access any app or trigger an action like calling a contact, or message / email someone in particular. The spacebar also doubles up as a fingerprint reader.
The unit I checked out came in a classy black hue, but you can also purchase the phone in Atomic colour that immediately gets attention, courtesy the red accents on the edges. There's a champagne colour as well, which has copper accents around the frame.
While the KEY2 LE seems similar to the BlackBerry KEY2 from the outside, the innards are quite different. The former comes powered by Qualcomm's Snapdragon 636 chipset, instead of the SD660 SoC inside the latter. The RAM capacity also sees a downgrade to 4GB. However, the combination is still quite respectable and should be able to offer smooth usage experience. For storage, the KEY2 LE is available in two options of 32GB or 64GB, and you can by inserting a microSD card.
In terms of cameras, the BlackBerry KEY2 LE continues with dual shooters, but the setup now comprises a 13-megapixel snapper paired with a 5MP unit, and offers a portrait mode. As far as selfies are concerned, the newest smartphone from the brand sports an 8MP sensor instead of 13-meg shooter available on its sibling.
Also, instead of a 3,500mAh battery, the KEY2 LE sips juice from a smaller 3,000mAh cell. Connectivity-wise, the phone offers the usual options such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC and GPS.
The KEY2 LE ships with Android 8.1 Oreo, and will also be in line to get an update to 9.0 Pie. Just like its sibling, the smartphone comes with the DTEK security app along with features like Private Locker and Dual Apps.
The BlackBerry KEY2 LE has been priced at $399 (~Rs 28,500) for the 32GB RAM model, while the higher-end variant will retail at $449 (~Rs 32,000). While the company hasn't announced the Indian availability of the smartphone yet, it has confirmed that the handset is headed to global markets. If launched, the base version of the smartphone will compete with the all-touch BlackBerry Evolve.
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One of the earliest members of the 91mobiles' editorial team, Nitansh is a walking encyclopaedia of product specs. Name a phone and he'll tell you the specifics on screen resolution, processor and camera without blinking an eyelid. Ask him if he remembers the launch date of a noteworthy phone, and he'll tell you the dates when the device first leaked, its global unveil, its Indian launch, and when it got a significant update. He's a lover of all things Android, and loves writing reviews and scouting for new apps. A Wordpress whiz, he's always ready to help out a fellow writer. While he juggles between many things at 91mobiles, he always manages to find time to write. In his non-tech avatar, Nitansh is a philatelist, which is a fancy word for stamp-collector.
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