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text:
Thetus Sims
Rep. Thetus Sims
Former Representative for Tennessee's 8th District
Sims was the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district and was a Democrat. He served from 1915 to 1921.
He was previously the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1907 to 1915; the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1905 to 1907; the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1903 to 1905; the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1901 to 1903; the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1899 to 1901; and the representative for Tennessee's 8th congressional district as a Democrat from 1897 to 1899.
Contact Rep. Thetus Sims
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Head over to Rep. Thetus Sims's website. If you are having a problem with a government agency, look for a contact link for casework to submit a request for help. Otherwise, look for a phone number on that website to call his office if you have a question.
Not all Members of Congress will accept messages from non-constituents. You can try your luck by visiting Sims's website. Otherwise, try contacting your own representative:
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From Mar 1897 to Mar 1921, Sims missed 415 of 2,554 roll call votes, which is 16.2%. This is better than the median of 25.3% among the lifetime records of representatives serving in Mar 1921. The chart below reports missed votes over time.
1897 Mar-Jul 38 10 26.3% 40th
1898 Jun-Jul 26 0 0.0% 0th
Dec 1898-Mar 1899 37 4 10.8% 0th
Dec 1899-Feb 1900 21 4 19.0% 21st
1900 Mar-May 49 7 14.3% 18th
1900 Jun-Jun 17 2 11.8% 43rd
Dec 1900-Mar 1901 62 8 12.9% 18th
Dec 1902-Mar 1903 114 9 7.9% 8th
1903 Nov-Nov 6 0 0.0% 0th
Dec 1903-Apr 1904 49 2 4.1% 7th
Dec 1904-Mar 1905 32 1 3.1% 5th
Dec 1905-Feb 1906 25 1 4.0% 2nd
1906 Jun-Jun 20 0 0.0% 0th
Dec 1907-May 1908 270 64 23.7% 42nd
Dec 1908-Mar 1909 42 1 2.4% 2nd
1909 Mar-Aug 36 0 0.0% 0th
Dec 1909-Feb 1910 18 1 5.6% 18th
1910 Mar-May 60 6 10.0% 21st
1910 Jun-Jun 18 3 16.7% 52nd
1911 Apr-Aug 49 2 4.1% 12th
1912 Apr-Jul 57 5 8.8% 12th
1912 Aug-Aug 30 4 13.3% 29th
1913 Apr-Jul 22 4 18.2% 23rd
1913 Aug-Nov 43 2 4.7% 1st
Dec 1913-Feb 1914 24 2 8.3% 22nd
1914 Mar-May 34 4 11.8% 23rd
1914 Sep-Oct 29 3 10.3% 26th
1916 Mar-May 53 0 0.0% 0th
1916 Jun-Aug 23 2 8.7% 20th
1916 Sep-Sep 3 0 0.0% 0th
1917 Apr-Jun 43 1 2.3% 8th
1917 Jul-Sep 10 4 40.0% 63rd
1917 Oct-Oct 4 1 25.0% 40th
Dec 1917-Feb 1918 34 6 17.6% 52nd
1918 Jun-Aug 33 5 15.2% 20th
1918 Sep-Oct 14 0 0.0% 0th
1919 Aug-Oct 52 30 57.7% 75th
1919 Nov-Nov 16 12 75.0% 81st
1920 Jun-Jun 8 0 0.0% 0th
Thetus Sims is pronounced:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


"My own particular hero is E.O. Wilson", the British writer Ian McEwan once said. It might seem somewhat surprising that a literary person's "hero" is not a poet or novelist but an American biologist who is famous for his development of sociobiology, a fusion of natural sciences and social sciences. Yet looking at McEwan's work it becomes evident that he is, though belonging to the realm of literature himself, very much intrigued by scientific topics. For his novels Saturday and Enduring Love he even chose two scientists as the protagonists who imprint their rational-scientific worldview on the narration. At the same time, both protagonists happen to find themselves in conflict with the realm of literature.
Of course, the conflict of science and literature is not new. With the growing interest in scientific explanations of the world in the nineteenth century, the foundation for the so-called "two cultures" debate was laid. Naturally, a writer fascinated with scientific ideas like Ian McEwan is aware of the difficult relationship between fact-based science and fanciful fiction. How, then, do McEwan's novels Saturday and Enduring Love reflect the historical conflict of the "two cultures"?
Based on this question, this essay will explore how Ian McEwan employs the antagonism of the natural sciences and literature in the course of his two novels and how he represents them. First, an overview of the development of the "two cultures" debate from the nineteenth century until today will give some historical background. In the main part of the essay, I will provide information on McEwan's own relation to science and then investigate the two novels in regard of their position in the "two cultures" conflict. The position of religion would also be worth discussing, especially with regard to its central role in Enduring Love. However, considering the scope of this essay, I will concentrate merely on the representation of literature in its relation to science.
The conflict between the natural sciences and literature, or rather the humanities, emerged around 1800 when people's interest in scientific explanations of the world grew. With the establishment of the sciences as a field of study equal to the humanities, the latter suddenly faced a serious rival. This rivalry lasts until today, yet the combat has been staged under changing prerequisites.
In the 1880s, the first climax of the conflict was reached with T. H. Huxley and Matthew Arnold's dispute about the role of science and literature in education. For Huxley, scientific education was a crucial means in order to acquire culture since the "whole theory of life has long been influenced […] by the general conceptions of the universe, which have been forced upon us by physical science". Although he granted literature its cultural value, he dismissed the study of the classics as unnecessary. Arnold heavily opposed this view and defended the study of classical literature as it provides insight in "the best which has been thought or said in the world", which is the aim of culture in his eyes. The subtext underlying the Matthew – Arnold debate was "a power struggle about the centrality of different modes of knowledge in education". Education therefore was at the base of the conflict between natural sciences and literature in the 19th century.
By emphasizing the failure of science to connect with what it is to be human, and simultaneously stressing the ability of literature to make this connection, their arguments serve to construct science […] as the complete opposite of culture, even an anti-culture.
For the literary opponents of science, this anti-culture is based on the concepts linked with science: rationality, fact-basedness, materialism. Literature, however, is concerned with emotion, moral and spiritual values and therefore regarded as more human and cultural than the natural sciences.
The debate following Snow's lecture emphasised the gulf between literature and science. Attempts at differentiation of the "two cultures" are still very common as the number of meetings and lectures on the topic shows. The severity of the dispute since the 1990s even led to the term of "science wars". Especially the physicist Alan Sokal added to this development with the publication of an essay parodying the (ab)use of scientific theories by postmodernist authors who lack real knowledge and understanding of science but "[throw] around scientific jargon without any regard for […] its meaning".
Despite the use of war images to describe the extent of the science-literature debate efforts for interdisciplinarity have also been made. According to Silke Jakobs, a tendency towards cooperation between the natural sciences and literature, or the humanities respectively, can be observed recently, based on the circumstance that both disciplines are concerned with the matters of human life.
Around the time the "two cultures" debate was restarted in the late 1990s, Ian McEwan wrote his novel Enduring Love, which was published in 1997. It is neither his first nor his only involvement with science; his fascination for the relationship between science and literature becomes apparent in many of his works. McEwan also wrote a large number of articles on the matter as well as reviews of scientists' books for The Guardian, for example a review of Edward O. Wilson's Consilience (1998) which deals with "the gulf between the two cultures of the sciences and the humanities [that] remains substantially unexplored and unexplained". Regarding Wilson's awareness of this "gulf" between the disciplines and his joining them in the subject called Sociobiology, it is not surprising that this scientist appeals to and becomes the admired "intellectual hero" of a novelist who himself is fascinated by scientific findings. Especially Enduring Love makes Wilson's impact on McEwan clear. The famous American biologist developed the theory of "gene-culture co-evolution" which argues that human nature and social behaviour were shaped by evolution.McEwan's protagonist Joe Rose shares this opinion when he judges certain modes of behaviour and actions according to their biological roots; Wilson is even quoted in a debate on principles between Joe and his wife. Of course, the novel criticises Joe's fundamental rationalism, yet its ending "hold[s] out hope for a rapprochement between the sciences and the humanities".
As a novelist I suppose that one of my central concerns is the investigation of human nature, and the biological materialism of Darwin fascinates me because it's opened up so much in the way of explanation. […] the notion that thinking biologically as well as ourselves as cultural products is central to both one's curiosity about who we are and curiosity about how our science is going to unfold in future years.
 Ian McEwan. Interview with Dwight Garner. The Salon Interview – Ian McEwan. Salon.com. 31 March 1998. 19 March 2010 <http://www.salon.com/books/int/1998/03/cov_si_31int.html>.
 See Silke Jakobs. "Selbst wenn ich Schiller sein könnte, wäre ich lieber Einstein." Naturwissenschaftler und ihre Wahrnehmung der "zwei Kulturen". Frankfurt/New York: Campus 2006, p. 207.
 T. H. Huxley. "Science and Culture". Victorian Prose: An Antholody. Ed. Rosemary J. Mundhenk, LuAnn McCracken Fletcher. New York: Columbia University Press, 1999: p. 363.
 Matthew Arnold. "Literature and Science". Matthew Arnold: The Complete Prose. Ed.
Robert H. Super. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1974: 51-73. Scanned Version, K-Drive: p. 3.
 Daniel Cordle. Postmodern Postures: Literature, Science and the Two Cultures Debate. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999: p. 17.
 See F. R. Leavis. "Two Cultures? The Significance of C. P. Snow". Being the Richmond Lecture. Ed. F. R. Leavis. London: Chatto and Windus, 1962: 9-30.
 See Cordle's paired list of the qualities of literature and science (Cordle 1999, p. 21).
 Jean Bricmont and Alan Sokal. "What is all the fuss about?" Times Literary Supplement. 17 October 1997: p. 17.
 E.g. in The Child in Time (1987) a writer is confronted with quantum physics; the character Robbie Turner in Atonement (2003) wants to study medicine after having finished his literature degree.
 Peter Childs. Ian McEwan's Enduring Love. London [u.a.]: Routledge, 2007: p. 22.
 See Ian McEwan. Enduring Love. London: Vintage, 1997: p. 70.
Literature 53.2 (2007): pp. 93-124. Scanned Version, K-Drive: p. 3.
 "Ian McEwan on Darwin". The Science Show. ABC. 1 August 2009. Transcript. 16 March 2010 <http://www.abc.net.au/rn/scienceshow/stories/2009/2638614.htm>.
Huxley was a British-American novelist, essayist, critic, poet, and playwright. Trained in medicine, he was always interested in science; later in life he turned to mysticism and was preoccupied with the occult. His vast learning and searching intelligence are apparent in all of his forty-five books.
Point Counter Point with its counterpointed narratives might be described as a multiple 'novel of ideas'; while Eyeless in Gaza hardly belongs to the original genre at all. The conversion theme of this novel demanded a more complex analysis of character and a narrative which stretched over four decades, neither of which could be accommodated within the basically static structure of the 'novel of ideas'. The result was Huxley's most ambitious experiment in form; it contains some of his highly developed characters, and, in spite of the copious notebook extracts, it can hardly be dismissed as a lengthy essay with added entertainments.
Huxley's inability to animate the ideas in Island, to provide a central point of conflict lies not so much in the fact of his conversion, but in the nature of the conversion itself. Mahayana Buddhism, as Huxley insists, is a way of looking at life which reconciles opposites: 'the blessed experience of Not-Two'. In brief, it dissolves the opposing elements which lie at the heart of the ironist's vision: man as a product of his genes and his glands; man as a creature of sensitivity and suffering. To the Mahayanist, 'Born under one law, to another bound' is not a theme for ironic commentary, but merely a distorted vision of reality. It is impossible to be an ironist without being a dualist at the same time; irony depends for its strength on the co-existence of two irreconcilable sets of ideas and this is inimical to the whole concept of Buddhist thought. The point is worth emphasizing because this kind of reconciliation is rare in Western thought; dualism is in fact the basis of Western culture, and it was within the framework of a dualist philosophy that Huxley created his major work….
Peter Bowering, in his Aldous Huxley: A Study of The Major Novels (copyright © 1969 by Peter Bowering; reprinted by permission of The Athlone Press of the University of London), Athlone Press, 1969.
Whether Aldous Huxley has been a force for good or evil, whether he is an artist more noted for his contributions to the novel of ideas or for the ideas themselves, whether he is chiefly a romantic or a neoclassicist—on these questions, critics have not agreed. He has been called a frustrated romantic by [David Daiches in The Novel and the Modern World]; he has been attacked because he has joined Freud, Jung, Adler, and Lawrence "to sow distrust of reason, and to represent it as a mere tool of the unconscious [by C. E. M. Joad in Return to Philosophy]. His view of life has been characterized as "essential sterility" [by Millett, Manly and Rickert in Contemporary British Literature], and his embracing of mysticism has been called "the rationalist's substitute for suicide" [by Edwin Berry Burgum in The Novel and the World's Dilemma]. But Huxley has had his defenders, too. His description of the modern world has been hailed as "far more honest and decent than the early Victorian age depicted in Bulwer Lytton's Pelham" [by Morris R. Cohen in The Faith of a Liberal]. Similarly, "despite the temptations which beset a successful author," he never "seriously compromised with his intellectual integrity" [Jocelyn Brooke in Aldous Huxley]….
Wherein then lies the value in giving serious consideration to Huxley? Precisely in his being able to articulate the intellectual and moral conflicts being fought in the collective soul of the twentieth century. D. H. Lawrence would express his reactions viscerally but failed to look through a microscope, as Huxley reminds us. James Joyce could disentangle himself from the nets in which he felt caught, but he did not seem aware of the oases to be found in Eastern meditative systems. E. M. Forster knew of passages to other cultures but preferred to regard art as self-sufficient rather than as catalytic. Virginia Woolf knew the agony of private torment but did not realize the healing that can emerge from societal involvement. It was Huxley of all these twentieth-century English writers who best reflected and coordinated the divisions of the modern world; he best expressed its Weltanschauung in its most universal sense. Thomas Henry Huxley, Aldous Huxley's grandfather, was called "Darwin's bulldog" because he so tenaciously clung to and advocated Darwin's theories; similarly, Aldous Huxley may become best known for being both an observer of and a contributor to the shifting values of our world.
Basic to any interpretation of Huxley's quest for values is an understanding of Huxley's conception of reality, for therein lie the causes for his seeming inconsistencies, his sardonic irony, his rejection of many of the traditional sources of meaning in life, his plunge from the fetters of self, time, and space into self-transcendent mysticism, and finally, his attempt in his last novel (Island) to attain heaven on earth by embracing the knowledge of science along with the wisdom of religion….
Let us briefly review the path Huxley took before he embarked on the road to the ultimate reality as revealed by mysticism. He first found objective reality (the world of matter as measured and interpreted by science) both ugly and incomplete. Subjective reality (as explained by most philosophies of the Western World) he found equally objectionable because in most instances these philosophies were merely rationalizations of basic ugliness and selfishness. On the question of teleology, he found little to write about. On the problem of causality, he felt that hereditary and environmental forces are influential; at the same time, he believed, or at least hoped, that an assertion of will can do much to combat the determinism of heredity and environment. Looking at history, he found that the mistakes of the past tend to be repeated. This concept of reality led Huxley first to a kind of bitter cynicism…. Even the mystics found in Huxley's early works are somewhat cynical. Mr. Propter, in After Many a Summer Dies the Swan, tells Pete: "Most of the things that we're all taught to respect and reverence—they don't deserve anything but cynicism" (p. 97). It was almost inevitable, therefore, that the vacillations from despair to hope, from hope to cynicism again, vacillations which both objective and subjective reality engendered in Huxley, should yield to an attempt to find an absolute reality. This absolute reality Huxley found synonymous with the divine reality, or the divine Godhead. "Ultimate reality is at once transcendent and immanent. God is the creator and sustainer of the world; yet the kingdom of God is also within us…" (Grey Eminence, p. 59). It is characterized by self-transcendence, that is, by a negation of the world of the ego, of animal desires, or carnal and material aspirations. The philosophy of this absolute reality is the perennial philosophy….
Selfhood, time, space—these are the obstacles to attainment of self-transcendence. And yet, unless we achieve this state, Huxley warned us in Themes and Variations, we are slaves to sorrow, wars, barbarism, futility….
Whatever else Aldous Huxley may have been, he was not a romantic, at least not a dedicated one. The romantic preoccupation with love and Nature is manifestly absent from his writings….
His search for ultimate answers led him, in his examination of religion, into all kinds of paradoxical complexities which were not resolved very clearly in his works and into all kinds of generalizations which have little meaning when subjected to detailed scrutiny. For example, he will sometimes speak of Christianity or Judaism as if they were monolithic entities. Furthermore, when he talks of Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, or Mohammedanism, he does not consider the evolutionary changes that have been incorporated into these beliefs so that when he makes criticisms about them, one is not sure, for example, whether he is castigating the Mohammedanism of the late Middle Ages or the Mohammedanism of today….
Milton Birnbaum, in his Aldous Huxley's Quest for Values (copyright © 1971 by The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville), University of Tennessee Press, 1971.
The man who emphatically considers that Huxley attempted the novel proper with only an essayist's gifts is likely to be overlooking Huxley's positive aesthetic achievement. To think of Huxley simply as a satirist is to limit understanding of the purpose of his various devices. The term, 'novel of ideas', is accurate, but needs qualification and should not be allowed to impose the suggestion of a dwarfish offshoot of a grand phenomenon.
The Genius and the Goddess, a nouvelle of about thirty-thousand words, is for the most part in the guise of a piece of oral narration by a man who played a leading role in the events which he is now describing. This device should be seen first of all as yet another answer to a problem which Huxley had by now been faced with for some twenty years, the problem of how to pass on certainties without fracturing the work. He evidently felt the need to incorporate into his later fictions his own commentaries upon the actions. Take away Mr Propter, for example, and no one could make of the remaining events and characters of After Many a Summer what Huxley wished us to make of them. But in that novel the commentary and the action are more clearly separated than Huxley seems ever again to have regarded as satisfactory.
Island is not a hotch-potch of proposals for the good life casually attached to an indifferent story, but a structure in which one's appreciation of each item is enhanced, directly or indirectly, by knowledge of many other items.
In this way the novel is a structure of close inter-relationships, and only the most trivial steps in the story are superfluous to Huxley's didactic purpose. If Will Farnaby has a bad fall, this is so that we can be shown how to deal with physical shocks; if a praying mantis comes on the scene, this is so that Will—and therefore the reader—can be taught in the final chapter how to accommodate even the apparently gratuitous horror of the mantis. Murugan is presumed to be homosexual solely to emphasize by contrast the wisdom of normal Palanese upbringing and the native methods of training in sexual activity. The Rani's theosophy constitutes both a touch of satire for our entertainment and an illustration of false spirituality. Vijaya is given physical strength partly in order to show how strength need not lead to bullying or contempt for the frail. Conversely, the maithuna instructress, Mrs Rao, is plump and 'very stupid upstairs' because it is necessary for us to realize that such traits need not be disadvantages. In particular, the concluding deaths of Lakshmi and Dr MacPhail occur so that the reader, having been 'trained', so to speak, by the earlier sections of the novel in a mode of acceptance of such experiences, can properly accept them.
[Complex] emotions, of whatever strength, inform the novels, and it is for these emotions that Huxley in inventing his various devices, including the larger structures, found 'objective correlatives'. At one end of the sequence, the design, the incidents, the people and the language of Crome Yellow make up the formula for a particular compound of feelings, including sadness; while, at the other end, Island expresses bereavement. Neither the intellectual ideas which the novels are so full of, nor the technical ideas which Huxley thought up or adapted are merely sportive. He had an exceptional capacity for using ideas creatively, as expressive of the whole man. In this way, the tricks of Eyeless in Gaza should be recognized as reflecting full-blooded concerns with time, death and spiritual rebirth; and the fantastic effects of Ape and Essence as methods of organizing a mood of defection into a countervailing hope of change through the very carnality gross representations of which have helped to express the dejection. Brave New World is as much about personal problems as it is about problems of society.
Keith M. May, in his Aldous Huxley, Paul Elek Books Ltd., 1972.
Aldous Huxley never again wrote as badly as in Eyeless in Gaza….
As a writer of fiction, Aldous Huxley made an impact which is likely to be felt longer than that of many better writers. This is not to say that the lessonless Point Counter Point and the wearisome Eyeless in Gaza, both forgotten today, are likely to be rediscovered and hailed by future generations. But Brave New World is still remembered and is likely to be for long, is spite of its Wellsian beliefs, in spite of the disastrous parable of the erudite Red Indian who represents the traditional world, in spite of the over-insistence.
As a writer of fiction, Huxley was far too imperfect a craftsman to be described as 'great'. If you want to be sure of that, read another didactic novel with aims similar to Huxley's, Candide…. Reading [Huxley's] books, one may often have the impression that he was an essayist forced [by his need for money] to express himself clumsily in novels.
Certainly he was a very remarkable essayist. His essays are almost all very good, and the bad ones belong mostly to his later years…. Whatever his theme, light or grave, his touch as an essayist was exquisite.
His spiritual and political philosophies were not separable. They were both concerned with an absolute morality based on biological considerations of the means needed to preserve the human race, and the merits of mystical pacifism. His influence on opinion in these respects was massive for a short time.
As a Huxley, he revered science, and though he was the first to protest against excessive scientific claims, he was averse to non-scientific ideas. His admiration for mysticism was to a great extent based on the view that the reality of the mystical experience is open to rational deduction. He did not give any attention to the doctrine of original sin. In a world dominated by Hitler and Stalin, he still could not but believe in the efficacy of persuasion alone. He saw equal impropriety in authoritarian war-mongering and the (unhappily inadequate) efforts of the civilized part of the world to resist. 'Only connect,' he might have said, as did E. M. Forster, another brilliant but bewildered thinker.
Christopher Sykes, "Aldous Huxley and Original Sin," in The Listener, November 1, 1973, pp. 601-02.
Huxley ends up focusing most of his satire at the point of balance where humanism and aspiration, body and soul, split. His work is comedy of ideas in a universe thus dichotomized between intellect and passion; what, though, is clear is that he recognizes that he himself is one of the order of persons he is satirizing—the new artist-intellectuals—and this induces narrative unease and even guilt, though it is of course essential to the sense of compelling honesty in his books. But it is also evident that his work arises in a very specific social milieu and the unease has a decided historical location. [Chrome Yellow, Antic Hay, Those Barren Leaves, and Point Counter Point] are very much about the twenties; Huxley writes them about and for a world in which his own sources in culture and art are insecure. The world is in a bewildering disorder; intelligence and reason alone cannot save it, but stand, with several of his heroes, bewildered before barbarism and passion….
Huxley's novels are largely novels of inaction, for his scrupulous, devastating analysis usually produces in the central characters a masochistic withdrawal from action. At the same time, the novels turn on the emptying out of the centre from any dream, hope, or institution, and hence have an apparent air of cynicism, a suggestion of universal failure.
But what is so very Huxleyan about these books is that the author's own cynicism and detachment are very much part of the matter for analysis. The embarrassment of the novelist's feeling that his own ideas and assumptions are themselves a sterile or incomplete view of life comes out most clearly in Point Counter Point, where the writing of novels of ideas becomes part of the theme, and where the character of Philip Quarles is the novelist's self-surrogate. But this element runs through all the twenties novels, starting in Chrome Yellow with the figure of Denis, the sensitive writer conscious of the loss of a real infinite to feed upon….
[For] Huxley the modern is a species of evolution as well as a matter for excellent comedy and farce, and so his world of parties, free love, adulteries, revolutionary and reactionary passions, and the boredom of 'disillusion after disillusion' is an intense experiencing of the times. The cultural and moral passions both expose and are exposed by the new freeing of repressions, the new sorts of men and women, the new freedom, but also the new anarchy of the post-Freudian as well as the postwar universe. The artist, here, is deeply implicated in the modern not only as an art form but as an enveloping experience. 'Living modernly's living quickly,' says Lucy Tantamount in Point Counter Point. 'You can't cart a wagonload of ideals and romanticisms about with you these days.' Huxley's fictional world is one in which this may produce a sense of yearning loss, but one in which the view is taken for granted. If the consequence is that intelligent man is left in a comic predicament, in an historical void, Huxley sees that as inescapable—such is the contemporary historical acceleration. The result is hardly cynicism but a complex blend of involvement and disgust. He is satirically savage, but not satirically secure; his novels are a continuous, tentative intellectual inquiry into new forces as well as a display of ironic detachment. Indeed, the desperation and absurdity of the characters is not at a total distance; it touches the novelist as well.
Malcolm Bradbury, in his Possibilities: Essays on the State of the Novel (copyright © 1973 by Malcolm Bradbury; reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press, Inc.), Oxford University Press, 1973, pp. 151-53.


Medical marijuana has a surprisingly large range of potentially beneficial uses.
Its most obvious use is as a painkiller but its tranquillising effects are also beneficial.
Surprisingly, cannabinoids show antibiotic properties that are similar to those afforded by the likes of penicillin too.
Certain strains of cannabis can even be used to alleviate symptoms and problems such as nausea and anxiety, even though these are often listed as being potential side effects with other strains of medicinal cannabis seeds.
As such, one of the most important aspects when choosing medical marijuana seeds is to ensure that the right strain is selected.
Mary's Seeds has a wide variety of cannabis seeds including those that are described as being medical cannabis seeds. Growing cannabis is illegal in the UK and the use of cannabis has not yet been made legal for any purposes. This may or may not occur in the future but by collecting and storing medical marijuana seeds now you may have a competitive advantage if the UK every legalises cannabis!


Posted on 25th April 2017 at 12:10.
In the real world, not a great deal gets done in the average minute. In the online world, 1 minute is no less than a spectacular amount of time. Each and every minute, the various search engines process more than four million queries. During this same 60 seconds, Facebook users share more than three million pieces of content and 205 million emails are sent worldwide. More than 55,000 new photos appear on Instagram, YouTube welcomes another 400 hours of video and close to 1,500 new blog posts are published.
Suffice to say therefore, a lot happens in a minute. And with such incredible activity and vast volumes of content out there, getting your own content and brand story in general to appeal to your target audience can be difficult.
Traditional approaches to marketing are pretty much wasted on millennials…something we've all come to know quite well as of late. By what does appeal to the millennial audiences is storytelling. The difference being that while the traditional approach to marketing is all about the hard sell, storytelling focuses on emotional influence. And given the fact that 90% of the purchase decisions we make are influenced by our emotions, it's no wonder storytelling can be so incredibly effective.
It might sound like a difficult art to master, but there are in fact only three core components of effective storytelling you need to work with. These are character, drama and resolution – address these three points effectively and you might just find that the story writes itself.
The first of the three components is character – writing a compelling story is 100% impossible without establishing a compelling character. The character is essential to the entire story – the story as a whole being based on the character you create. In this instance, the character is you – or your brand as a whole – which needs to be built in a manner that creates a direct connection between you and the audience your target. This means a character they can easily relate to, one that speaks to them and their values and a character they feel understands them.
It may sound a little overly dramatic, but you need an element of drama in there if you want your target audience to buy your story. Basically, drama refers to the needs, problems or way in which there is currently a gap in the market that is clearly not working for your target audience members. It might not necessarily be that their life is disastrous without whatever it is you do – it could just be that whatever you do could make things so much better for them. You don't want to get carried away, but nonetheless need to ensure there is some kind of drama and emotion involved, in order to retain their interests.
Last but not least, resolution is all about demonstrating how it is that what you do, who you are and what you are able to offer can rectify the problem/gap you establish the above. This is where you effectively move on to the 'happy ever after' scenario, showing how life and perhaps even the world in general becomes so much better thanks to you. If possible, some kind of surprise or any inclusion of the unexpected can be a great way of leaving your target audience members with something to think about, even after they log off.
Why is duplicate content bad for business?


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Q: Cloned html markup lost events I have invisible TR row which is cloned by jQuery by function clone(true, true) as $cloned but onclick events on some elements inside TR are lost.
Then I append into correct TABLE by:
jQuery(parent).closest('table').find('tbody').append($cloned);

What to check next or todo to clone events?

A: Old: That's by design, cloning does not copy event handlers.
New: Apparently, jQuery cloning does copy event handlers. While two options below are still valid approach, there might be some closure as event handler which holds "wrong" (from new nodes' point of view) references, and thus event handlers appear to be non-working.
Two options:

*

*Clone and then re-assign handlers. If your code is well-written, that usually not a problem.

*Bind your event handlers to outer container, possible to body or document, e.g.:
$(document).on('click', '.my-special-button', (e) => { ... });

Second approach might also require some rewriting. Still, it's a valid option. To find out more, look for "delegated event handlers" e.g. here: https://api.jquery.com/on/.
Both rules can be followed at the same time, that would be even better.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Home » Soapbox » Measure J: We Can't Support It
Measure J: We Can't Support It
Posted on October 29, 2012 by Mark Elliot
Measure J, the initiative on the Los Angeles County ballot to extend the voter approved half-cent transportation sales tax, has found support among transit advocates and some cycling advocates too. A two-thirds 'yes' vote on J would extend the 'sunset' of the 2008-era 30-year tax hike for an additional 30 years in order to generate $67 billion total for mobility investment across the county. (About $43 billion from the Measure J extension.) With Metro behind it, it's tempting to go along because we do need transit options. But this initiative amplifies concerns that accompanied the original Measure R and is one of three tax-hike proposals on the ballot. It may not have sufficiently broad support. Already two key LA County Supervisors, Ridley-Thomas and Antonovich, have declined to endorse it. We join them. With 26 years yet to go on Measure R yet, we feel that leveraging a sales tax increase so far into the future for improvements not clearly specified (much less costed) begs voters take a pass.
We might be a minority voice, and here on the Westside in particular. Measure J has found broad support among boosters of multimodal mobility, including out-front members of the Los Angeles cycling advocacy community; key outlets like Streetsblog LA; and even the Los Angeles Bicycle Coalition, which came out in support with an editorial:
LACBC works closely with MoveLA, the coalition of labor, business, and environmental organizations backing Measure J. MoveLA shares our vision of a bikeable, walkable, and transit-friendly Los Angeles County and are working with us at Metro to ensure that our regional transportation policy supports these goals.
(It's worth noting that Move LA is headquartered in an office adjoining the LACBC's suite on Spring Street.)
The Los Angeles Times also endorsed Measure J, finding it "a win for transit, the economy and the future of L.A. County." The projects accelerated by Measure J, the editorial said, "would ease congestion, reduce pollution and increase quality of life, without raising taxes." The editorial also labeled valid arguments against both measures R & J as "tired," which is a disservice to those who thoughtfully analyzed the pros and cons.
The proponents' take on Measure J is that bonding against the next 5+ decades of the sales tax bump will prudently accelerate investment across the county when we most need it. It would create 410,000 jobs at a time when our state can barely keep the lights (on much less fund big projects), they say; given Washington intransigence, Angelenos must step up to the plate with another three-decade levy. (Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa's proposal to pack 30 years of transit construction into the next ten years – 30/10 – largely at federal expense didn't fly in DC.)
Measure J opponents find much they can live without, however. Measure J proposes a raft of projects that still will rely on federal cost-sharing – funding not necessarily forthcoming given today's fractious politics (not to mention prevailing anti-urban bias among House leadership in Congress.) Yet Metro's own project sheet notes that the particulars on many projects (including the most broad outlines) have yet to be nailed down. Details are to be decided by the Metro board. (Beverly Hills City Council recently declined to endorse Measure J precisely because it views Metro as wielding too much power.)
Moreover, some find it implausible to imagine that Metro will be able to manage so many big projects when the organization has its hands full today with the significant projects that have already broken ground. Critics grimly predict that Metro's limited project management capacity can only be a recipe for fiscal imprudence. Opponents have also raised a social justice argument in opposition to Measure J, saying that any sales tax is a flat tax on consumption that falls inordinately on the less economically advantaged.
Looking at the substance of the proposed projects, critics question whether Measure J should tap receipts so far in the future to fund transportation projects today when we can't even anticipate tomorrow's needs. And should projects serve tomorrow's users at the expense of those traveling today? The Los Angeles Bus Riders Union, for example, recently took their arguments to city councils to say that rail investment doesn't well serve the much larger number of bus riders who suffer today under bus service cutbacks. They add that our least-advantaged travelers don't directly benefit from roadway investment either.
More About Measure J
According to Metro, the economic and transportation benefits of Measure J justify extending the sunset date to 2069 only four years into the original Measure R's 30-year horizon:
By starting construction on seven rail and rapid transit projects, and up to eight highway projects within the next five years, instead of the twenty years currently planned, this job creation will be accelerated. The measure will also provide an additional thirty years of continued funding for local transportation improvements (ex. pothole repair, signal synchronization, local roadway and bridge safety improvements), countywide bus and rail service operations, Metrolink and Metro Rail capital improvements, and administration.
Contrary to how the initiative is often talked about, it's not all about mass transit. Metro of course is the lead agency on the $1.3 billion I-405 expansion project, and Measure J would plow significant money into auto infrastructure. If current statewide apportioning ratios hold for Measure J projects too, active transportation facilities might only nibble a few percent of that big pot o'gold (even considering the program's 15% local return).
But active transportation interests (and pro-bike supporters in particular) aren't the key supporters of Measure J anyway: it is the agencies that would benefit, and labor, its representative unions, and materials suppliers who really stand to gain. (As measurej.org notes, it is a "coalition of Charitable, Business and Labor Organizations.") Not for nothing is Measure J being sold as a jobs initiative as much as a mobility program. (See the Metro Measure J Fact Sheet at right.)
Measure R in 2008 enjoyed majority support across Los Angeles County, but it barely surpassed the necessary 2/3 threshold of approval at the ballot box. Just as were reasons not to have supported Measure R, there still exist valid objections to extending the half-cent sales tax increase (over an additional thirty years under J) and that may threaten the initiative's success on November 6th.
Why We Don't Endorse Measure J
We would like to be able to stand with proponents in support of Measure J (we supported Measure R) but we feel that the "tired arguments" (as the LA Times editorialized) against this initiative are persuasive. Supporters note the wide net that a sales tax casts to spread the cost of mobility options across a wider constituency, but any sales tax is regressive. When conservative supply-siders like Malcom Forbes press the flat tax, and corporations like Amazon routinely sidestep collecting it, we believe that it falls too much on the least economically empowered. We're also sympathetic to the Bus Riders Union arguments that under-serving the much larger bus constituency undermines Metro's campaign for a larger checkbook for more ambitious projects.
Envisioning the people-moving future of Los Angeles circa 1971
We're also concerned that Measure J leverages the future without regard to tomorrow's unanticipated long-term transportation needs. Should we be borrowing against funding through 2069 for only one or two decades of improvement? On one hand, will it leave anything for needs that we can't today forecast? On the other, will it saddle us with infrastructure that may not serve us well a half-century hence? Imagine if we had drawn upon today's transit funding to build the freeways of the 1960s. We'd have much more of what we don't need, yet have fewer resources to tap for what we do need. Today that's mass transit and active transportation facilities, but yesterday's policymakers didn't have the vision (even if planners did, right). Greenhouse gas reduction wasn't on the radar then (much less state law).
But mostly our reluctance to endorse Measure J simply boils down to a lack of faith. The prospect of decades of indebtedness chasing too many projects over a compressed timeframe sounds like the makings of a megaproject bubble. We count ourselves among the critics who find it difficult to imagine that Metro will be able to manage so many big projects. Metro has much on its plate today. Even without Measure J, Expo will crawl to completion and the Purple Line will one day reach the sea. But Measure J will likely nourish perceptions (if not the actuality) of waste, fraud, and abuse in public-sector megaprojects. (Academic planner Bent Flyvbjerg has found that strategic misrepresentation of project cost and overly-optimistic projections regarding performance and timelines not only plague major public projects but are instrumental in securing policymaker approval for them.)
Some may be comforted by the Measure R-mandated annual monitoring and spending review. Yet two factors argue against complacency. First, extending the sales tax bump for double the initial 30-year term will undoubtedly overtax the capacity of any oversight body, namely the independent taxpayer oversight committee charged with the task. With so many more projects getting off the ground, can we even ensure effective oversight?
And second, taxpayers only need look to other big-scale public construction programs in order to question whether we in California (or the United States for that matter) have what it takes to usher publicly-funded megaprojects from conception to realization efficiently and cost-effectively. Consider the Los Angeles Community College District expansion program. It has been wracked with corruption and self-dealing for many years, according to a long-running series in the Los Angeles Times. Efforts at reform under public scrutiny have not been wholly successful at reining it in. Nothing about that $6 billion program ("Do it for the kids!") inspires confidence.
And then there's the California High Speed Rail Authority, which was created by ballot initiative statewide and endowed to put California train travel on the literal fast track. That program was also billed as a bold step toward a multimodal future, and also sold as a jobs program. But the Authority has wobbled under public scrutiny. Successive proposals and route plans have called into question the credibility of the appointed body. And now, years later, and under new direction, the program has been scaled down to appease local constituencies. But then it never promised an end-to-end high speed rail right-of-way anyway. Top-end speed projections seem overly optimistic. In sum, it seems to virtually embody Flyvbjerg's findings about megaprojects.
We don't want to see the same happen throughout Los Angeles County. We instead favor our existing program of mobility project acceleration under the promised oversight and annual reports. Voters are being asked to allow a return to the well when we'll not even have learned what new post-election direction Congress and the executive branch will take. So we'll take a pass this time and prefer to revisit the promises of Measure J the next time around, perhaps.
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This entry was posted in Soapbox and tagged LACBC, Measure J, Measure R, Metro, Move LA by Mark Elliot. Bookmark the permalink.
2 thoughts on "Measure J: We Can't Support It"
George Buzzetti on November 2, 2012 at 11:36 pm said:
There is no way anyone should trust MTA. This organization is full of fraud, waste and abuse. There is a $10 billion overrun on the "Subway to the Sea." It is in the EIR when carefully read. They state what must also be done and is not included in the stated cost. MTA has ignored every community it has put its fingers on. They do not care about the community or citizens only those who will handsomely profit from these boondoggle projects. I am not against transportation. I am against waste, fraud and abuse. I want bang for the buck and for those who will be effected and pay for it to be listened to. Is that too much to ask. I have worked fraud for over 20 years and know something about how billions disappear when they say there is oversight. In this environment today there is no oversight. This is Orwellian double speak. The Bus Riders Union was correct when before Measure R they stated that bus service would be cut back and fares raised just as stated at the Beverly Hills City Council by one of the council persons. Ask the question if there were 34 pages of legalese for Measure R which is $40 billion, and it is a mess, why is there only one paragraph for Measure J and it is for $90 billion. That is a total of $130 billion which with interest can be $300 billion or more considering their incompetence and the present corrupt state of the banking system who are slobbering over this kind of free money. This is "Big Money." Who do you trust? Let them show us they can properly do what is committed and then if they prove themselves come back for more if needed.
Mark Elliot on November 4, 2012 at 10:23 pm said:
My personal perspective on Measure J is no different today than when it was floated some months back when the LA Mayor's 30/10 legacy-boosting proposal flamed out in DC: An imprudent grab for public funds at a time when calls for fiscal prudence and accountability prevail. There is no good reason to pressurize the project pipeline with a hundred billion bucks chasing projects that haven't even come off the drawing board yet. It's money chasing an outlet; an infrastructure bubble in the making at a moment when we can't afford to responsibly fund the major improvements that we need. As a state, the days of nation-leading innovation in education, aerospace and infrastructure are behind us; politically and fiscally we more resemble a developing world economy (albeit with unique advantages).
Despite what promoters suggest, that half-cent sales tax comes from somewhere; it taps household income and will shift purchasing elsewhere. (Not for nothing do we see so many vehicles registered in Nevada, Arizona and even Texas.) And that half-cent over 60 years will go above all for debt service.


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» Antarctic Treaty
Fri, 05 Jul 2019	| Antarctic Treaty
\ Carrying \ Capacity
FIGURE 10.9 The parabola represents the logistic model of population growth [Eq. (9.1), Fig. 9.5] with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) at 50% of a population's carrying capacity. In fisheries, the MSY is estimated to occur when net recruitment and fishing mortality rates are in equilibrium [Eq. (10.1)]. If the fishing impacts exceed the MSY and approach the population's carrying capacity, the population will be overharvested. Differences between the value and cost of the fishery, which reflect the return on investment (i.e., profit), are greatest at fishing effort levels (segment AB) that generate less than the maximum yield (segment CD).
Fishing Effort
just the blubber oil. These licenses, along with various leases, laws, regulations, conventions, and decrees, had the additional advantage of providing legal justifications for nations to assert their sovereignty over Antarctica (Fig. 3.5).
Even when resource management strategies reached international levels, as represented by the 1946 International Convention on the Regulation of Whaling, they still were structured with a view toward economic gain. This economic focus is classically reflected by the ''blue whale unit'' that was subsequently established: one blue whale was equated with two fin, two-and-a-half humpback, and six sei whales. As a result, with whalers free to pursue all whale species, capturing blue whales was encouraged because less cost-per-unit-of-effort was involved in achieving one ''blue whale unit''—ultimately resulting in the greatest decimation among the blue whales (Fig. 10.3). Moreover, the very language of the convention is built on regulation (which highlights commercial dynamics) rather than conservation (which highlights species or ecosystem dynamics).
What is conservation, and how is it related to ecosystem management?
When the Antarctic Treaty came into force in 1961, the marriage of policy with scientific and technical advice progressively expanded the focus on ecosystem conservation (Table 5.2; Antarctic Treaty Searchable Database: 1959-1999 CD-ROM). The first substantive conservation steps came with the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora (Agreed Measures), which was annexed to Recommendation III-VIII from the Third Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting in 1964.
Beyond recognizing that ''unique nature'' of Antarctica fauna and flora, the Agreed Measures began integrating ''protection, scientific study and rational use'' within species' circumpolar ranges. The Agreed Measures, which only applied to the Antarctic Treaty area south of 60° South latitude, prohibited the introduction of ''species of animal or plant not indigenous to that Area.'' The Agreed Measures also began a permit system for Specially Protected Species (such as the fur and Ross seals) and Specially Protected Areas because of their extreme ''defenseless-ness and susceptibility'' to human impacts. Importantly, the concept of ''flora and fauna'' went beyond individual species to the heart of the general trophic interactions that affect the dynamics of ecosystems (Chapter 9: Living Planet).
After adopting the Agreed Measures, the Antarctic Treaty nations implemented several recommendations regarding the vulnerability of Antarctic seals to commercial exploitation and the need for international conservation measures. These recommendations included a strategy for determining the maximum yields that could be sustainably harvested from various seal populations.
Following previous seal management efforts, with advice from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), the Antarctic Treaty nations signed the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (CCAS) in 1972. CCAS expanded the permit system of the Agreed Measures and adopted a broad suite of conservation measures (Box 10.1). These conservation measures were designed to provide basic information on the density, size and gender distributions of seal populations over space and time with much more detail than had been involved in the earlier management of the elephant seals (as noted above). In addition, CCAS designed management strategies based on applied information about the gear, effort, and catch statistics of the fisheries. In general, these basic and applied data are essential for interpreting both natural variations and human impacts among harvested species (Fig. IV).
Concurrently, because of the potential value of krill as a global food source for humankind, SCAR established a subcommittee of its Biology Working Group in 1972 to broadly consider the marine living resources of the Southern Ocean. Four years later, SCAR started a 15-year coordinated international research program for the Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks (BIOMASS). The primary objective of BIOMASS was to:
. .. gain a deeper understanding of the structure and dynamic functioning of the Antarctic marine ecosystem as a basis for the future management of potential living resources.
In the 1980-81 austral summer, the First BIOMASS Experiment (FIBEX) was carried out to investigate the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of box 10.1 1972 convention on the conservation of antarctic seals a
ARTICLE 3.1: ANNEXED MEASURES
. . . Measures with respect to the conservation, scientific study and rational and humane use of seal resources, prescribing inter alia:
a. permissible catch;
b. protected and unprotected species;
c. open and closed seasons;
d. open and closed areas, including the designation of reserves;
e. the designation of species areas where there shall be no disturbance of seals;
f. limits relating to sex, size, or age for each species;
g. restriction relation to time of day and duration, limitations of effort and methods of sealing;
h. types and specification of gear and apparatus and appliances which may be used;
i. catch return and other statistical and biological records;
j. procedures for facilitating the review and assessment of scientific information;
k. other regulatory measures including an effective system of inspection.
aFrom the Antarctic Treaty Searchable Database: 1959-1999 CD-ROM.
the Antarctic marine ecosystem (Fig. 10.10). These investigations were followed by two phases of the Second BIOMASS Experiment (SIBEX I and II) in 198384 and 1984-85.
Given the potential impacts of krill harvesting on the dependent species in the pelagic food web (Fig. 9.2) and the need for coordinated international management of Antarctic marine resources, the Antarctic Treaty System signed the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) in 1980. CCAMLR followed from the scientific accomplishments of the BIOMASS program in the same way that the Antarctic Treaty succeeded the International Geophysical Year. In addition, the parallel structure of the Antarctic Treaty and SCAR was extended to CCAMLR in the ''legal personality'' of a Commission and a Scientific Committee.
Unlike the CCAS, which was associated with seal conservation only, CCAMLR was designed to protect ''fin fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and all other species of living organisms, including birds'' in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. CCAMLR focused on the ''complex of relationships of Antarctic marine living resources
Increasing Your Vitality
How to Grow Taller
Info - Antarctic Treaty
Protozoans Phyla In Antarctica And Arctica
Breathing Planet - Antarctic Treaty
Conceptual Integration - Antarctic Treaty
West Antarctica Reconstruction


Actually it is from Kediri traditional dance and up till now many of the Surabaya citizen was very alike of this dance and eventually showed at the City Hall Park. In This traditional dance, horse which made by bamboo was put between the dancer leg and they dance by following the traditional music from kendhang, bonang, saron, kempul, slompret and ketipung.
Copyright © 2003-2011 Surabaya Tourism. All Rights Reserved.


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Home2016October25
Day: 25 October 2016
Miles Greenwood and the Eagle Iron Works… the Ohio War Machine!
25 October 2016 Craig Swain American Civil War, Artillery, Foundries	Cincinnati OH, Eagle Iron Works, Miles Greenwood
As I tallied the particulars for the Ohio batteries last week, the number of James rifles reported on hand reminded me of an "Ohio story" if you will and how many of those batteries were equipped for war. I've mentioned Miles Greenwood and the Eagle Foundry on occasion. Time to formally introduce this important manufacturer of cannon… and other things!
Miles Greenwood is much the stereotypical 19th century American success story. Ohio History Central (and the Farm Collector website) offer basic biographies of Greenwood. Allow me to skip some of those details and focus on those pertaining to armaments manufacture. Greenwood established the Eagle Iron Works (sometimes cited as a "foundry") in 1832. Cincinnati was a bustling riverport on the Ohio with connections (via canal) to Lake Erie at this time, and was a lucrative place for such manufacturing. Greenwood captured that market, producing, among other things, hardware, farm implements, river-boat equipment, and even fire-fighting apparatus. Greenwood's Eagle Iron Works stood along the Miami Canal, off what is today Central Parkway, in downtown Cincinnati. (Far as I know, the Ohio Mechanics Institute building is the only vestige of Greenwood's once powerful industrial empire. Please drop a note if you know of others!)
But mass production of military grade weapons require specialty techniques. Bronze cannon casting, for instance, necessitated careful monitoring and demanding inspections before simply "letting fly". So how much experienced did the Eagle Iron Works have at cannon production?
Well the vendor is connected to a couple of cannon cast for Texians in 1836. These were purchased by sympathetic citizens of Cincinnati and sent to Texas under false shipping documents. Named the "Twin Sisters" in lore, these cannon are not well described in first hand accounts. Where these bronze or iron? Where these 4-pdr or 6-pdr guns? And were they actually produced by Greenwood, or simply sold by Greenwood? (As readers know, I get particular about such… particulars…) At any rate, the guns saw action at San Jacinto in April 1836. That we can connect Greenwood to cannon is significant, as at least we know the firm was involved with armaments. As it stands there is scant indication Greenwood's corporation, before the Civil War, had the ability to produce large quantities of cannon or small arms.
But when the calendar turned to 1861, Greenwood's factory suddenly became a major supplier of arms. In April 1861, the state of Ohio needed rifled muskets to arm their volunteers. The solution reached was for Greenwood to convert Model 1842 smoothbore muskets to rifles. And that was done at a prodigious rate! By December 1861, some 8,400 were converted. Throughout the war, Greenwood continued to modify old weapons, to include conversions of flintlocks to percussion. (See George D. Moller's American Military Shoulder Firearms, Volume III for more background on the Greenwood rifles… or better still, join me in calling for Phil Spaugy to walk us through all those details… to include the special sights provided!)
Since this is "To the Sound of the Guns" and we talk artillery, my interest with Greenwood is on the cannon. In the past I've mentioned the firm's 6-pdr field guns, James rifles, 12-pdr howitzers, and 12-pdr Napoleons. Reviewing Ordnance Department records, Greenwood delivered forty-six 6-pdr field guns, fifty-one James Rifles, fourteen 12-pdr field howitzers, and fifty Napoleons. So just 161 guns from the Eagle Iron Works? Not hardly.
Keep in mind the procurement system of 1861 was not as today's. In addition to Federal orders from the Ordnance Department, state authorities placed orders for artillery pieces. Ohio, of course, was among those placing orders. Likely, some of the James rifles listed with the Ohio batteries in January 1863 were Greenwood products.
In addition to new castings, Ohio also attempted the same "trick" applied to those old muskets – conversion of 6-pdr smoothbores to rifles. From from the Annual Report of the Ohio Quartermaster-General, for 1861 (page 587):
Of the thirty-three smooth bore six-pounders under the control of the [State] Quartermaster-General at the beginning of the rebellion, twenty-seven have been rebushed, rebored, and rifled, at a cost of thirteen hundred and fifty dollars. These guns are all now in service, and in all respects are fully equal to the best rifled six-pounders in the field.
Of course, "equal to the best rifled six-pounders in the field" was a relative assessment. A good portion, if not all, of this work was completed by Greenwood.
And Ohio was not the only state calling on Greenwood. On May 7, 1861, the Cincinnati Daily Enquirer reported:
Miles Greenwood & Co. yesterday received an order from Governor Morton, of Indiana, to manufacture twenty large pieces of brass cannon forthwith.
In addition, Greenwood attempted to make wrought iron guns… though with not so good results. On July 9 the same paper seconded a report:
The Indianapolis Sentinel insists that Governor Morton has sent back to Miles Greenwood, Esq, of this city, Captain Wilder's wrought iron guns, for the reason they were unfit for use.
This seems to reference to the 26th Indiana Artillery. We know, at least by January 1863, that battery had 3-inch Ordnance Rifles.
Lower echelons of government were also wanting for artillery. On August 29, 1861, the Cincinnati Commercial Tribune reported the city's Military Committee approved the mayor to contact Greenwood "for two batteries of artillery, consisting of six pieces each, together with equipments…." The cost was not to exceed $7,930 per battery. Later reports indicated disbursement of the approved funds. So the city received at least some cannon from Greenwood, type and caliber not specified.
And even private citizens had interest in Greenwood's guns. On April 19, 1861, when the war was still just a great storm fast approaching, the Commercial Tribune ran a news item:
We understand Miles Greenwood was waited upon yesterday afternoon, by a company of patriotic ladies from the Sixth Ward, to ascertain from him whether the Government had given him any encouragement for the manufacture of cannon for the defense of our country. If not, they had concluded to take the responsibility, and would order a number of 42-pounder rifle cannon, to be ready at the earliest possible moment. They are intended for fortifying the hills about our city. This is patriotism for you.
There is no indication Greenwood produced any 42-pdr rifled cannon in response. But without doubt, the presence of the foundry set many civilian minds at ease.
With the ramp-up for war, Greenwood expanded. By October 12 of the year, the Commercial Tribune indicated, "At the foundry of Miles Greenwood about four hundred men are now employed in the manufacture, rifling and improvement of field pieces, lances and muskets for the army." And this was just the start. As the war progressed, Greenwood expanded to include turrets for river ironclads and even Gatling guns!
There in Cincinnati at south the edge of Over-the-Rhine, Greenwood's Eagle Iron Works became a converted arms industry providing weapons for Ohio and neighboring states. There are parallels to mobilization of industry for World War I and World War II in the 20th century. The facilities for making plowshares were re-tasked for making swords. And once the war was over, just as would occur in 1919 and 1945, the factory returned to plowshares.


One of the things that stands out when revisiting Black Sabbath records is just how relatively straightforward blues-based rock n roll they are, all pentatonic scales and guitar solos. Lyrically, Geezer Butler changed everything, of course, helping propel a whole genre into existence, and mostly for the better. At a distance of nearly half a century, it's easy to forget how radical this all was at the time, even if it was also largely ignored, downplayed and mocked, save for the faithful of what became heavy metal. In some ways, they turned into the ultimate cult rock band success story, cleverly managed and corralled into a money-making music machine. Their farewell tour earlier this year was one last turn around the lucratively overpriced arena circuit. Read Mick Wall's entertaining biography of Sabbath for one version of the occasionally preposterous story of a band who seemed to be making it up as they stumbled along, enjoying good-natured Satan-bothering japes as they did so. Then consider another band from a later, more cynical generation, one which has perhaps adhered to, and advanced, the particular atmosphere and agenda of Sabbath's paranoid dope-fuelled gloominess the most faithfully of all.


U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has announced that for adjustment of status applications they will use the Dates for Filing Chart, which is below, rather than the Final Action Dates, for January. Priority-date cutoffs for all EB-1 categories will advance based on Final Action Dates in January, according to the State Department's January Visa Bulletin. Except for a one-week advancement in the Philippines EB-3 category, all other priority-date cutoffs will remain the same as in December.
EB-1 China and India priority-date cutoffs will both advance by three and a half months to Dec. 15, 2016.
All other EB-1 countries will advance three months to Oct. 1, 2017. This includes EB-1 El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Philippines, Vietnam and All Other Countries.
Additional notes: The EB-4 category for religious workers (other than ministers) and the EB-5 Regional Center (I5 and R5) Immigrant Investor program were renewed on Dec. 7 by Congress under a temporary spending measure that funds Department of Homeland Security operations until Dec. 21, 2018.
The State Department also released its Dates for Filing chart for January and USCIS has confirmed via a web posting that it will follow the Dates for Filling chart in determining filing eligibility for adjustment of status applicants. Employment-based applicants whose priority date is before the date in the chart below are eligible to file for adjustment of status in January.
EB-3 China Date for Filing will advance one month to January 1, 2016. EB-3 India will advance three months to April 1, 2010.


Manchester City will struggle to avoid being banned from Europe by Uefa from 2013 onwards because of £250m already spent on transfers that still needs to be "processed" in their accounts in the next five years.
Uefa has confirmed that City will not able to accelerate the "writing off" of this massive sum in next year's accounts to improve their chances of meeting the incoming Financial Fair Play regulations. The club acknowledges privately that "a huge challenge" lies ahead to meet Uefa's break-even targets.
The FFP rules dictate that clubs must break effectively break even from 2011-12 onwards, when FFP monitoring begins. Two seasons of finances will be considered for entry into the Champions League or Europa League in the 2013-14 season.
Initial losses averaging £19.6m per year will be allowed, but from 2012-13, losses will be capped at £13m per year (averaged over a three-year period), and from 2013-14, be capped at £8.7m per year. (See table below).
The size of City's task is illustrated by the fact they made a loss of £121.3m in 2009-10, and expect losses of £130m-plus in 2010-11. The trend is hugely problematic and the transfer "backlog" is a damaging part.
Because City won't be allowed to clear that in one go, the £250m will have to be amortised (spread out) over five years. In simple terms, City will start every season between now and 2014-15 with a red hole in the accounts averaging £50m per season – for players they already own – before a ball is kicked. If they sign anyone else from now on, the deficit will only get bigger.
Amortisation of transfer spending is a necessary requirement under FFP regulations relating to British clubs. It makes no difference if City have actually already physically handed over all the money to the selling clubs for the players in. For accounting purposes, the fees need to be amortised over the length of the players' contract.
The £250m is an estimate calculated by The Independent from data within City's 2009-10 financial accounts, released last week, and has been corroborated by sources with insight into City's financial situation. City's net spending on players on players including Wayne Bridge, Gareth Barry, Carlos Tevez and Yaya Toure among others since June 2008 has been £332.6m. (Nb: gross spending much higher).
City hope to meet the FFP requirements by achieving giant leaps in income, especially from Middle East firms; by playing Champions League football for the next two years (a sizeable earner); and by producing its own young stars for the first team and for sale in the near future.
But there are no guarantees of success – and other challenges on top. The biggest of those is a wage bill that grew to £133.3m in 2009-10, which alone was greater than City's entire income of £125m. That wage bill is expected to rise to around £160m in 2010-11; again that bill is expected to be close to the club's total income.
In 2009-10, the club's operating losses – income minus operating expenses, of which wages are the biggest single part – were £55.1m, and will rise. The operating loss plus the amortisation value leads to the overall loss (give or take a few other bits and pieces).
City argue, with some justification, that owner Sheikh Mansour's investment of hundreds of millions is rebuilding not just a club but a community, with spending on everything from facilities to improved pies, a better website and an academy aimed at nurturing home-grown players. (No other club can better City's figure of fielding seven full England internationals in league games alone this season, albeit not all raised in Manchester).
And if City exceed Uefa's FFP limits solely because of spending before the rules were published this Spring, punishment may be reduced if not avoided.
But even City insiders acknowledge they have actively chosen to keep on spending in 2010 – on players and wages – on the "if you don't spend, you don't grow" principle.
As recently as last weekend, Uefa's president Michel Platini, the driving force behind FPP, said in an interview with the Italian equivalent of the FT, Il Sole 24 Ore, that the FFP rules would be tightly monitored and enforced. That interview, in Italian, is linked here.


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Saudi Religious Authority Welcomes End To Ban On Women Drivers
Women in Saudi Arabia now no longer have to rely on husbands, fathers, and brothers for vehicular transportation. (file photo)
Saudi Arabia's top religious authority welcomed an end to a decades-old ban on female driving on June 24, hours after women started taking to the wheel as part of a liberalization drive in the conservative Muslim-majority kingdom.
The Council of Senior Scholars, a pro-state body, said a royal decree allowing women to drive was in society's interest.
King Salman issued the decree in September 2017 in response to a series of campaigns by Saudi women and international rights groups, which condemned the ban as a symbol of oppression.
The decree is considered part of an announced liberalization process under powerful Crown Prince Muhammad bin Salman.
Since the decree came into effect just after midnight on June 24, women in the country no longer have to rely on husbands, fathers, and brothers for vehicular transportation.
According to human rights officials, Saudi Arabia was the only country in the world that had banned women from driving.
Samira al-Ghamdi, 47, a psychologist from Jeddah who was one of the first Saudi women to receive a driving license, said "we are ready, and it will totally change our life."
Despite the new rights, activists in the country say women remain oppressed in the male-dominated society.
"No matter my capabilities as a woman, I am still enslaved to somebody else," activist Manal al-Sharif told Thomson Reuters in an interview.
"Freedom for me is to live with dignity, and if my dignity and freedom is controlled by a man, I will never be free," added Sharif, who was jailed 2011 after she filmed a video of herself driving.
Saudi authorities have in the past two months detained and accused at least 16 people of treason, including several identified as women's rights activists.
Some have since been released.
With reporting by AP, AFP, dpa, and Reuters


Vitriolic rhetoric is nothing new to the illegal immigration conversation, but every now and then there's an event that takes place in the public square that reminds moderate sides of the issue to guard their message from proceeding down the path of divisive dialogue.
According to a report from the Los Angeles affiliate of ABC News, members of the National Socialist Movement staged an anti-illegal immigration protest in the city of Claremont. The group, the largest neo-Nazi organization in the United States, says that its mission is about preserving and defending white culture. One of its supporters equated their efforts to those who espouse pride in their Hispanic or Latino identity, or "brown pride." Given the timing about the matter, the liberal Center for American Progress seemed to subtly imply the group's close alignment with the current immigration enforcement policies espoused by Republicans.
Similar immigration rhetoric on the opposite end of the spectrum surfaced in a video involving the Brown Berrets back in the summer that Arizona's controversial SB 1070 was passed. In that particular incident outside the 2010 MLB All Star Game in Anaheim, a member of the Brown Berrets directed a number of provocative statements against European Americans currently in the United States, even invoking their own superiority.
In this similar situation, it would be completely unfair to characterize such rhetoric as an overall reflection of the broader Hispanic and Latino communities. Although unlawful in the eyes of federal law, not everyone who comes here illegally is out to reconquer land lost to the United States in the Mexican American War or is even from Mexico for that matter.
In contrasting these two events, they should prompt more moderate supporters on both sides to keep their messaging refined to ensure that they aren't proceeding down the same provocative path as the two aforementioned groups. While there is a need to enforce existing immigration laws, it also needs to be ensured that such arguments for and against such policies will not lead to inciting physical and verbal violence against one another as American citizens.
Protests like these should prompt us to approach the immigration debate in a way that doesn't add to an already hostile environment in the country. Whatever the diverse political persuasions may be on immigration enforcement for Independent voters, they can lead the charge on having a constructive conversation on the matter.


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Parit Burintrathikul (pb111)
Zdravko Paskalev (zap3)

Program to refactor that plays a game of roulette

Analysis of the code:

Currently, the way to add in an extra bet would be to add a new if statement in every single method and a new Bet object in the initial formation of the Bet[] in Game.java, which is very inefficient and ugly.

We refactored the code in a way which removes the redundancy of the multiple if statements by polymorphism and extending the bets class in a a variety of different subclasses for each bet. The refactored code is simpler in the sense that the if statements are removed and the new bets are set up in a way that you can make a new class for each new bet. This way it is a lot easy to look through the code since every bet is separated in its own class.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Dutch supermarket chain Ekoplaza has joined with environmental campaign group A Plastic Planet has created the world's first Plastic Free Aisle. The plastic free aisle features almost 700 plastic-free products. The products included in the initial pilot scheme include: meat; rice; sauces; dairy; chocolate; cereals; yogurt; fresh fruit and vegetables all conveniently packaged.
Ekoplaza plans to roll out the aisle across its 74 branches across the Netherlands by the end of 2018, with a second store with a Plastic Free Aisle expected to be opened in The Hague in June.
The aisle will act as a testbed for innovative new compostable bio-materials as well as traditional materials such as glass, metal and cardboard.
Goods within the aisle will all bear the Plastic Free Mark, a new label introduced by A Plastic Planet to help shoppers quickly identify products that are completely free from plastic packaging.
A Plastic Planet co-founder Sian Sutherland said: "The introduction of the world's first Plastic Free Aisle represents a landmark moment for the global fight against plastic pollution.
"For decades shoppers have been sold the lie that we can't live without plastic in food and drink. A Plastic Free Aisle dispels all that. Finally we can see a future where the public have a choice about whether to buy plastic or plastic free. Right now we have no choice.
"There is absolutely no logic in wrapping something as fleeting as food in something as indestructible as plastic. Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful for a matter of days yet remains a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards.
Ekoplaza Chief Executive Erik Does said: "Plastic Free Aisles are an important stepping stone to a brighter future for food and drink.


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SC verdict not a win or loss for anybody, no place for bitterness, fear in new India: PM after Ayodhya verdict
PTI November 9, 2019
(Eds: Updates) New Delhi, Nov 9 (PTI) The Supreme Court judgment on the Ayodhya issue has heralded a "new dawn" and should not be seen as win or loss for anybody, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said on Saturday, stressing that India's credo of unity in diversity was visible in its totality as all sections of society accepted the verdict with an open heart. Addressing the nation after the verdict in the politically and communally sensitive case was pronounced, Modi invoked the fall of Berlin wall on November 9, 1989 and also referred to the inauguration of the Kartarpur corridor earlier in the day to assert that the message of the day is for everyone to come together to surge ahead. The fall of the Berlin wall brought two contrasting ideologies together while both India and Pakistan played a role in the development of the corridor, he noted. Modi urged people to shun any fear, bitterness and negativity and come together to build a new India. " ... And now, with today's verdict on Ayodhya, this date -- November 9 teaches us the power of staying united and growing together. Today is about the message of integration and emerging victorious together," he said. Hailing the Supreme Court for delivering the verdict on an important issue "which has a history of hundreds of years", he pointed out that the entire country wanted the court to hear the matter daily and it happened. "For the Indian judiciary, it is a golden day. The Supreme Court heard everyone with patience and delivered a unanimous verdict," Modi said in his 11-minute address. He said the judges, the courts and the judicial processes should be greeted for their strong will. Referring to the dispute, the prime minister said the judgment has heralded a "new dawn" for the people. "The dispute may have affected several generations, but after the judgment we have to take a pledge that the new generation will work for the creation of a new India with a fresh spirit," he said. It is globally acknowledged that India is the world's largest democracy. "Today, the world has also realised how vibrant and strong our democracy is. After today's verdict the manner in which every section of society, every community, every religion, the entire nation across the verdict with open arms. This is a manifestation of India's ages old ethos, culture, traditions as well as our inherent spirit of brotherhood," the prime minister said. He said peace, unity and amity are essential for development of India and described November 9 as a day to forget any bitterness one may have. Settling a fractious issue that goes back more than a century, the Supreme Court in a historic verdict on Saturday backed the construction of a Ram temple by a trust at the disputed site in Ayodhya, and ruled that an alternative five-acre plot must be found for a mosque in the Hindu holy town. Earlier in the day, the prime minister took to Twitter to assert that the judgment should not be seen as win or loss for anybody, and appealed to countrymen to maintain peace and harmony. In a series of tweets in Hindi and English, Modi also asserted that the judgment clearly illustrates that everybody is equal before the law. "Be it Ram Bhakti or Rahim Bhakti (devotion to Ram or Rahim), it is imperative that we strengthen the spirit of rashtra bhakti (devotion to the country)," he said. Noting that the temple of justice (the apex court) has amicably concluded a matter going on for decades, he said the SC verdict will further strengthen people's faith in the judicial system. "The calm and peace maintained by 130 crore Indians in the run-up to today's verdict manifests India's inherent commitment to peaceful coexistence. May this very spirit of unity and togetherness power the development trajectory of our nation. May every Indian be empowered," he said. Every side, every point of view was given adequate time and opportunity to express differing points of view, he said. "The judgment is notable as it highlights that any dispute can be amicably solved in the spirit of due process of law. It (the verdict) reaffirms the independence, transparency and farsightedness of our judiciary. May peace and harmony prevail," he tweeted. Modi on Friday had also appealed to the people that the priority should be to strengthen India's tradition of maintaining peace and harmony after the verdict is pronounced on Saturday. "The Supreme Court verdict on Ayodhya would not be a matter of victory or loss. My appeal to countrymen is that it should be our priority that the verdict should strengthen India's great tradition of peace, unity and amity," he had tweeted. PTI NAB KR RT
URL for this article :
https://www.businesstoday.in/pti-feed/sc-verdict-not-a-win-or-loss-for-anybody-no-place-for-bitterness-fear-in-new-india-pm-after-ayodhya-verdict/story/389602.html
@ Copyright 2019 India Today Group.


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The Eternals Adds Game Of Thrones Alum As Ikaris!
Looks like Marvel's The Eternals has found its Ikaris.
Multiple Hollywood trades are reporting that Richard Madden, best-recognized for his portrayal of Robb Stark in Game of Thrones, has entered negotiations with Marvel Studios to join The Eternals. While most trades have no idea about what character he would be playing, Variety seems confident that he has landed the role of Ikaris. Marvel has refused to comment on the casting.
Apart from the popular HBO series, Madden is also known for his roles in Rai 1's Medici: Masters of Florence and BBC's Bodyguard. The latter show earned him a Golden Globe last year in the category Best Actor - Television Series Drama. The 32-year-old Scottish actor's feature-film credits include Cinderella and Ibiza.
The previously-revealed cast members of The Eternals (Photo Credit – Columbia Pictures, HBO and Showbox)
Madden is joining the cast roster that already includes Angelina Jolie (Maleficent), Kumail Nanjiani (Silicon Valley), and Ma Dong-seok (Train to Busan). It's almost certain that Jolie is playing Sersi in the upcoming Marvel Cinematic Universe installment. But we don't have much of a clue about the roles of Nanjiani and Dong-seok (both have been speculated to play Makkari).
Not much is known about the plot of The Eternals. So far, we've only heard that Matthew and Ryan Firpo's script for the movie revolves primarily around Ikaris and Sersi, and includes MCU's first openly-gay superhero.
Director Chloe Zhao and her team is expected to get started with the production in August. Filming will take place in Atlanta, where most MCU entries shoot these days. The movie doesn't have a release date yet, but it could be one of the two untitled Marvel movies that are scheduled for release in 2020 in The Walt Disney Studios' recently-announced release slate through 2027. Those two movies are hitting the theaters on May 1, 2020 and November 6, 2020.
What do you think about Richard Madden's casting in The Eternals? Share via comments and stay tuned for the latest updates!
Category: Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)
Tags: Ikaris, Richard Madden, The Eternals
Avengers: Endgame Directors Reveal Katherine Langford's Cut Role!
First Spider-Man: Far From Home Clip Shows Mysterio Explaining The Multiverse!


Focus your training on Cardio to burn off those extra calories. Hit those reps hard and achieve your personal goals for losing weight or maintaining. The video below is for great cardio exercises used to burn off some of those extra calories you consume during the holidays. The step by step instructions are easy to follow and make exercising in Myosource Kinetic Bands fun and enjoyable.
Make sure you push yourself in order to get your heart rate up while moving rapidly for an ultimate full body workout with Myosource Ultimate Kinetic Bands. We have made it easy so you can follow along with the video instructions to develop your own cardio full body workout routine in order to work muscle groups to mazimize results. Adding resistance bands / ultimate kinetic bands to easy exercises make it simple, quick, and inexpensive to get in a great cardio workout. Simply attach Myosource Kinetic Bands above the knees and get moving. Remember to work towards full range of motion with each move and focus on technique as well as form.
We also need to focus on the abs. The following video shows a variety of ab exercises used to work on that six pack. Get motivated and start working to structure and define your abs. This works for people of all ages, shapes, and sizes.
Myosource gives you the option to choose your sport and start training sport specific as well as for overall athleticism as well as toning and firming. You can choose from a variety of ab workouts and drill demonstration videos focusing on whatever part of the body you choose as well as full body workouts.


This will be a Quality Property Surplus Auction. Plan on visiting Auction Location to view all auction items. Be sure to review all the Auction Pages. Many unique Quality Items are listed in this Auction.
This Online Only Auction features a 6ft "SIGNED" Kasey Kahne 2008 Budweiser Car of Tomorrow and a variety of Display kits and tables. promotional Pieces, warehouse carts, and many quality finds. This is a nice group of High-end items. Be sure to view all items as they are listed.
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