At SMSidea.biz we offer bulk SMS service in Indore. We provide the best and the most competitive rates for transactional and promotional services in the country. In case you're looking for a reliable bulk SMS service provider in Indore, then you have come to the right place. We offer high quality services at lowest and affordable price.
The clients can send unlimited messages in a day on the basis of the package they purchase. Just SMS balance/credits need to be bought. We work strictly as per the guidelines of TRAI for protecting the interests of our clients and mobile recipients.
The users may send messages to the database by logging into the smsidea.co.in portal. But, the user needs to have SMS Credit balance that needs to be bought as per the packages available.
In case the user wants us to send the message on the SMSIdea database, then at least 50,000 messages would be sent from our end.
These messages are usually preferred when the message needs to be sent to the list of the client for updating some information.
A number of packages are available on the basis of SMS type, speed which the client wants, etc.
Promotional message is basically meant for promotional purpose.
In this service, the message may be delivered on the international numbers but different states and countries have their own rules which might affect the style of delivery. For instance in some of the countries the ID of the sender isn't allowed whereas in some of the countries, DND facility is offered which doesn't permit delivery of any kind of promotional messages to those numbers.


Advice articles and frequently asked questions.
Click on the image to watch our video - How to set up a Series 10 mobile yard. Relevant for Compact and Standard models.
Should I invest in a Static or Mobile sheep handling system?
Each sheep farm has its own unique differences, but without exception all use a form of handling system. At its most basic, a handling system consists of a collection of wooden pallets working up to a multi hurdle, trailer based, pen. Whichever you use both have the same aims; to provide a safe and stress free environment for you and your flock.Many systems have been inherited and shepherds often fail to evaluate if their system is time and cost effective. Is your system still working effectively for you?
The table below evaluates static and mobile handling systems.
Farm locations Suitable for single site farms. Fixed to single location. Suitable for multi-site farms. Can be towed on road or from field to field.
Flexibility Fixed pen configuration. Difficult to add to. Set up can be changed to suit any job and is easily added to.
Set Up No set up. Time gathering flock to central location 10-15 min set up. Time gathering flock across field.
Sheep Stress Medium – High. Sheep moved out of natural environment to central location. Low – Medium. Sheep remain in natural environment.
Investment Farm asset with no resale value. Personal/business asset with high resale value.
Change of address Fixed to single address. Can be moved to new farm.
Space Fixed space in yard or barn which could be used for something else. Can be moved to suitable storage location.
In most circumstances a mobile yard will provide a more cost, time effective and flexible system. For more information on Mobile Handling Systems contact Mark at Rappa on 01264 810665.
How to deploy a Series 12 mobile yard.
Click on the image to watch our video - How to deploy a Series 12 mobile yard.
How to load a Series 12 mobile yard.
Click on the image to watch our video - How to load a Series 12 mobile yard.
Why do I need a mobile yard?
Regardless of flock size every shepherd rates sheep stress and personal welfare as a primary concern. There is always a job to be done when you keep sheep, whether drenching, vaccinating or sorting. It is important sheep are handled in a calm and safe manner and you, as the shepherd, are able to tend to them. Sheep are a lot happier being handled in a field, on grass, than in an unfamiliar yard on concrete. This makes a mobile yard the ideal handling tool. This allows you to take the job to the sheep.
The basic components of a mobile yard comprise of hurdles, gates and panels, all carried on a trailer for easy transport and deployment. Utilise the hurdles to form a holding pen and panels to form a race. The gates allow access, and can be used for sorting/drafting. The trailer provides easy transport to the field and storage when not in use.
Aluminium hurdles are light and easily moved over uneven ground.
Avoid hurdles that use horizontal bars along the top. Sheep that jump can get their legs caught and break them.
Drafting gates are essential to help separate individual sheep from the rest of the flock.
Using a Guillotine gate you can release the sheep from the back of the race. Because you are positioned behind the sheep they will move forward freely.
It is important the chassis is lightweight and can be easily man-handled into place.
The components are matched to what you require now but can be added to as your flock grows.
Type approval ensures you are buying from a reputable and legal company. All companies with Type Approval conform to strict set of rules covering the manufacturing process and products.
An alternative to a round pen is to set your yard against a perimeter fence. The pen can be opened wide to surround the sheep. Hurdles can then be pulled against the flock as you work through them.
If you have uneven ground set you yard facing uphill rather than downhill. Sheep will move better uphill.
Do not set your race up facing the sun. Stock will not run well into the suns reflection.
A mobile yard requires minimal maintenance and can last is excess of 20 years making it a reliable investment. It's a modern tool no shepherd should be without.
Aluminium Hurdle Aluminium hurdle. Constructed with horizontal and vertical rails. Has curved corners.
Hurdles provide the pen. Connected together by Long Pins. Curved edges allow easier movement over rough ground. Vertical bars should always be positioned at the top of the hurdle. This reduces the risk of broken legs.
Panel Aluminium frame with plastic coated, solid black panel.
Plastic coated panels allow easy cleaning, reduces glare and higher bio security. Used to make or extend the main sheep race. Linked together by Long Pins.4 panels are 33in | 0.8m wide and 16ft | 4.8m long so are ideal for drenching and crutching.
Long Pin Aluminium rod with crimped top.
Used to join Lugs and Couplings as well as Hurdle Support Post Brackets.
Lug The small aluminium ovals on the end of a hurdle or panel. To join Hurdles match Lugs with the Fixed Coupling and secure with a Long Pin. Couplings fit inside the Lugs.
Fixed Coupling The tubes, on the end of a hurdle or panel.
Two Way Connector Aluminium tube with round Lugs attached. Used if you need to join two hurdles at the Lug ends. This often occurs when forming a pen.
Hurdle Support Post Aluminium L shaped bracket. Used to provide stability to any pen, counter pushing from flock.
Short Pin Aluminium rod with crimped top.
Used to secure Hurdle Support Post to the ground.
Is the main working area when handling sheep. Can be one sheep wide (18in | 0.5m) for drafting and working over the race or 2/3 sheep wide (33in | 0.8m) when working in the race when drenching or injecting.It is either the fixed race in the base of the trailer or made from panels and spreaders.
Spreader U shaped aluminium frame.
This is used to create the width of the race. Use a Long Pin to fix to a Hurdle or Panel.
Drop In Gate Aluminium gate.
Slide in and out of yard base or 18in | 0.5m spreader. Hold sheep in narrow race.
Forcing Gate Aluminium self-closing gate with lock shut pin.
A large gate used to 'force' sheep into a pen or race.
Anti Backing Gate A sprung loaded gate that only allows entry from one direction.
Used at the start of a race to stop the sheep backing out once in.
Guillotine Gate Aluminium gate that operates like a guillotine sliding up and down. Can be operated from a distance.
Allows sheep to be let free whilst the shepherd stands at the back of the race.
5 Hole Plate The sides of the Guillotine Gate Anti Backing Gate and Spreader have a 5 hole plate. Used to attach hurdles or panels to a Guillotine Gate , Anti Backing Gate or Spreader using Long Pins. Also used to fit to yard base.
Panel with Side Gate Panel with side gate built in.
Use for shedding and letting out.
Spreader and Gate Aluminium self-closing gate with lock shut pin.
Positioned at the end of a race to let sheep in our out.
Three Way Connector Aluminium tube with flat hole plate attached. Used for joining three hurdles together or splitting a pen into sections.
Type Approval means a product and/or manufacturing process is certified to meet a pre-defined set of criteria. This ensures safe and legal products are manufactured to a consistent and high standard.
Why is Type Approval important?
Any company manufacturing or importing trailers must gain Type Approval to legally sell those trailers in the UK. Type approval must be sought for both the trailer and the manufacturing process. Mobile Sheep Handling systems are classified as a trailer and therefore must comply.
Why is Type Approval important to me?
Type Approval means safe and legal products are made, which are of a consistent and high quality. If you are purchasing a mobile yard or trailer it is important you ask your supplier if the product is Type Approved. There is an expectation that insurance companies may soon require proof of Type Approval for any new trailers being insured.
Can I tow any Type Approved trailer?
Type Approval applies to the product and manufacturer. It is the manufactures responsibility to gain, maintain and comply with Type Approval. It is the users' responsibility to ensure they comply with legal towing rules. We advise you to check your licence type, towing capacities and familiarise yourself with the law. We would also recommend you regularly check all your vehicles and carryout any maintenance.
Who sets Type Approval standards?
How do I know if my product is Type Approved?
There will be a 17 digit VIN number on the chassis and a VIN plate illustrating the trailer approval number. The only exception is the Buggy. As this is an off-road trailer and does not require Type Approval. Every Type Approved trailer should be delivered with a Certificate of Conformity.
If you would like more information about Type Approval and your trailer please call us on 01264 810665.
Which height hurdle should I use?
You want a height that dissuades sheep from jumping over but you also want a height that you can easily climb over. We have the perfect solution, invest in 4-6 x 39in | 1.0m aluminium hurdles. Use these where pressure is higher such as the forcing pen. You can still enter via the main pen through the forcing gate. The vertical staples in the top of our hurdle also dissuade stock jumping and avoid leg breakages if something should make a leap.
Why do hurdles have curved edges?
Our aluminium hurdles all have curved edges. This we achieve by bending the tube before welding and finally heat treating it to harden the hurdle. It is more expensive to make this way, but worth it. The curved edges allow you to drag several connected hurdles across rough ground. This is both easier and much more time efficient than carrying them.
Why do we have vertical hurdles rather than horizontal?
Sheep jump. It's a fact we are all aware of. Hurdle height is always a compromise between keeping them in and your ease of use. That's why we put verticals in the top of our hurdles. Firstly, the vertical discourages sheep from jumping, the opposite of a horizontal. But more importantly, should they jump, then it avoids them getting the legs caught and potentially broken. Something you want to avoid even more with your dog!
When do I use covered and railed drafting gates?
Covered drafting gates are ideal for activities such as front of yard foot bathing. This stops sheep looking to their brethren outside. Some people also prefer to draft lambs from ewes with covered gates. Railed gates are better for drawing sheep. This is particularly useful if you are leaving the door open as an exit. Our panels are easily interchangeable with little hassle. As is so often the case, it's not black and white. Different situations call for different options.
Why drafting doors are at the front of a mobile yard?
By placing drafting doors at the front of the yard base it can help improve the efficiency of the system. When drafting left and right you may wish to temporarily halt proceedings. With the doors right at the front of the yard the lamb cant get stuck infront of the drafting doors. Whilst the winch bridge can easily be detached from the yard we have in fact designed the front drafting gates to work beneath the winch bridge. This can be particularly useful as it stops flighty sheep jumping the front drop in gate. You can also utilise the drafting doors as an exit for small jobs. Becuase the 7ft hurdles dont foul the drafting doors, it allows you to only take off what hurdles you need for the job and leave on the draw bar, wheel arm and winch bridge. This results in a very quick deployment.
Why do we use heat treatment?
All our hurdles are heat treated. This means we can bend and weld the aluminium accurately and efficiently when it is in a relatively "soft" state. The subsequent heat treatment vastly increases the stiffness and strength of the product.


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He's still the lovable troll we know all too well.
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The Ultimate Rocket League Guide!


text:
Bhagyadha Balegara Launched
Hatrick Hero Shivaraj Kumar and Sai Prakash combination will strike again in Bhagyadha Balegaara to be produced by Ramesh Kashyap. Writer Ajay Kumar has written the story and the script of this film. The film was launched in the Kanteerava Studios.
Talking to the reporters after the launch of the film, Shivaraj Kumar said that that the title of Bhagyadha Balegaara may mean that the film is connected to an old tradition which is fast disappearing. "It does not have a story which can be bracketed as old and non contemporary. The film's story has some fresh thoughts and I am sure the film as a whole will appeal to the today's younger audience' added Shivanna.
Director Sai Prakash who has delivered several hit films with Shivaraj Kumar said Bhagyadha Balegaara will have all the commercial elements to be a successful film. The film's success is guaranteed' he said. And talking about the heroine, he said shortly .Balegaara will get a good Jodi. The fact is that Priyamani who was tried earlier will not be the part of the film, since she is now busy. It is being rumored that Kamalini Mukherjee may be the heroine of this film. Malavalli Sai Krishna has written the dialogues of the film.
Ganesh New Film - G.V. Prakash Music Director
Tamil film industry's young sensational music director G.V.Prakash will be composing work for a Kannada film. Prakash who is the nephew of Music Maestro A.R.Rehman had recently composed music for Super star Rajnikanth's recently released film Kuselan. Prakash has created some top music compositions in films like Veyil, Polladhavan, Oram Po, Kireedom and Kaalai.
G.V.Prakash will be scoring music for the new film starring Golden Star Ganesh which will be produced by Thyaagu and Rehman. The film which is a remake of Telugu Hit Ullasamga Uthsaahanga will be directed by Devaraja Palan who has worked as co-director to many top directors including Naganna, Om Prakash Rao and Suresh Krishna
Bollywood Technicians Strike
The indefinite strike undertaken by the technicians working Bollywood has been creating problems for the Kannada film industry. The ripple effect of the Bollywood strike has affected voice mixing work of many Kannada films which are now on the verge of completion. Many music directors who are now in Mumbai are unable to get the Voice mixing work done by the Bollywood singers mainly because of the strike.
Though there is a big controversy in the Kannada film industry over the excessive use of Bollywood's famous singers in Kannada films and ignoring local talents, the music directors and the Audio companies are still backing the singers from Hindi films like Sonu Nigam, Shreya Ghoshal, Kunal Ganjawala and Udith Narayan.
Now, the technicians strike in Mumbai has put the Voice mixing work in limbo as most of the Mumbai studios in which the mixing work was done have closed the sutters. Music director Hari Krishna had gone to Mumbai to get the work finished for his film Parameshi Paanwala. But the work could not be completed.
Producer and Actor Adithya Babu who is now making Parameshi Paanwala says the work relating to Voice mixing got delayed and it had affected the audio release of the film which was slated for release by October end. .He added that his music director had to extend his stay in Mumbai because the recording assistants had struck work in Mumbai.
Adithya Babu said that though his film has completed its shoot and even songs have been picturised abroad, the Voice mixing work has been kept pending because of the strike in Mumbai. He said that Hari Krishna has accepted a contract to get the Mumbai singers to sing the songs of the film.
Hari Krishna is the most popular music composer of the industry today is also composing music for other prominent Kannada films like Boss and Raaj, the show man. Another top Kannada music director Mano Murthy who is using the Mumbai singer prominently in his films is providing music for Logori to be directed by Yogaraj Bhat which has Puneet Raj Kumar in the lead.
It is a known fact that Mumbai singers like Sonu Nigam and Shreya Ghoshal who are busy in their music recordings for Hindi films and stage shows offer to sing for South Indian films only when they have spare time. These singer allot dates to the Kannada film music directors and prefer to sing only in Mumbai studios. On many occasions Bollywood singers have to be told two to three months in advance for the Voice mixing work.
Normally the Kannada film producers are giving contract to Music directors to complete the music composition work of their films. The music directors are expected to hand over a disc of the completed work which will be then handed over to the music companies. The musical albums will then be made by the musical companies who pay more only if Bollywood singers are used in the album.
Sonu Nigam is the most popular singer of Kannada films today what with his "Anisuththidhe Yaako Eno' from the block buster film Mungaru Male becoming a chart buster. He has many top hits including "Ninnindhale' in Milana and "Ninna Nodalentho' in Mussanje Maathu. Kungal Ganjawala is another singer who has become hugely popular in Kannada films.
Amithab Illness - Problem To Mani
Amithabh Bachchan's illness has created problems for ace director Manirathnam who has just started shooting for his bilingual film Ravana with Aishwarya Rai working in both Hindi and Tamil versions and Abhishekh Bachchan playing the lead role in the Hindi film.
Manirathnam's efforts to make a bilingual film with top stars in Bollywood and South is facing lot of teething troubles. Mani who had to spend considerable time in getting the dates from the busy popular stars had started shooting for the Tamil version very recently in the Malayatoor Forest Division in Kerala. But after five days of the shooting of this film, the officials of the forest department have asked the film unit to vacate from the forest land. The shooting has been stopped now and the special sanction given to Manirathnam to shoot the film for 22 days in this prohibited area has been withdrawn by the Kerala Government.
The forest area is a two-hour drive from Kochi and is a prime spot for eco-tourism. The Kerala Government has not given permission for the film shootings at this area, but apparently Mani's leftist connections had ensured the Governmental permission for the shooting from the CPM Government.
However the environmentalist groups in Kerala had opposed the move of the Government to accord permission for Manirathnam to shoot in this area. The environmentalists have been asking many uncomfortable questions on why Mani was given special permission to shoot in Mulankuzhi-Malayatoor forest area?
According to Krishnadev Prasad Sahu of the Malayatoor Forest Division said Manirathnam was asked to stop shooting of the Tamil film on 10th October evening because the film unit had constructed three temporary huts in prohibited areas in the forest, say the officials of the forest division. 'This was in gross violation of the specific conditions that were contained in the permission letter issued by the forest department' says Krishnadev Prasad Sahu.
However the film unit members say that the temporary huts were constructed mainly to keep the costly film unit equipments used for the shooting purposes. However this explanation was not acceptable to the forest department who say that there is no possibility of renewing permission for shooting of the film.
Mani had planned to shoot ten days for the Tamil Version and there after to start shooting for the Hindi version of the film with Abhisek Bachchan, Aishwarya Rai and others. Though both of them were expected to join the shooting after sixteenth of this month, the present health condition of Amithabh Bachchan who is recuperating in Mumbai's Hospital may not permit the stars to join the shooting for this film immediately. Aishwarya Rai will be working in both the versions of the film. And now with the forest department of the Kerala state government withdrawing permission for the film shooting, Manirathnam's cup of woes are filling.
Bindaas Hudugi by Priya Hassan
Priya Hassan who won the Best debut director award from the KANFIDA recently is all set to start a new film titled as Bindaas Hudugi which is set to be launched on October 9. Priya's brother Mohan Gowda is the producer of this film.
Priya Hassan has a tailor made role in this new film Bindaas Hudugi which has been scripted by her. And Priya will focus more on dances and fights in this film.
Priya was supposed to direct a film titled as Hubballi Hudugi for which the story and script was ready. But now, she has taken up another project. The entire shooting of the film will be finished in one schedule. The muhurath will be held in Kanteerava Studios.
Endhiran - Rajini Movie
Stars Birthday Celebrated
Ramesh Aravind Movies
Theertha Launched

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: What does "QE-DEF-0469 QE Message" mean? I'm working on Cognos 10.1.
For a report, I've updated the package. When I open the report in report studio, it is showing an error like QE-DEF-0469 QE Message. What does it mean? Earlier responses would be appreciated.
Thanks.

A: The error below appears when trying to run a report in Report Studio.
QE-DEF-0469 QE MessageRQP-DEF-0542 Metadata will be retrieved from the database, because metadata governor is turned off (Change FM governor: Enhanced model portability).
Resolving the problem
Uncheck the "Allow enhanced model portability at runtime" option in Framework Manager
Steps:
Open the model in Framework Manager
Click on the Edit Governors option in the Tasks section, alternatively go to Project Menu\edit Governors
Uncheck the "Allow enhanced model portability at runtime" check box
Source: ibm.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Heterologous Expression and Purification of Catalytic Domain of CESA1 from Arabidopsis thaliana
Venu Gopal Vandavasi Hugh O' Neill
Venu Gopal Vandavasi
Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
Hugh O' Neill
oneillhm@ornl.gov
Published: Vol 6, Iss 20, October 20, 2016
Readers should cite both the Bio-protocol article and the original research article where this protocol was used:
Vandavasi, V. G. and O' Neill, H. (2016). Heterologous Expression and Purification of Catalytic Domain of CESA1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Bio-protocol 6(20): e1965. DOI: 10.21769/BioProtoc.1965.
Vandavasi, V. G., Putnam, D. K., Zhang, Q., Petridis, L., Heller, W. T., Nixon, B. T., Haigler, C. H., Kalluri, U., Coates, L., Langan, P., Smith, J. C., Meiler, J. and O'Neill, H. (2016). A structural study of CESA1 catalytic domain of Arabidopsis cellulose synthesis complex: evidence for CESA trimers. Plant Physiol 170(1): 123-135.
Heterologous expression of plant cellulose synthase (CESA) and its purification has remained a challenge for decades impeding detailed biophysical, biochemical and structural characterization of this key enzyme. An in-depth knowledge of structure and function of CESA proteins would enable us to better understand the hierarchical structure of the plant cell wall. Here, we report a detailed, and reproducible method of purification of catalytic domain of CESA1 from Arabidopsis thaliana that was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli. The method relies on a two stage purification procedure to obtain the catalytic domain in monomer and trimer forms. The biochemical and biophysical data including low resolution structures of the protein have been published (Vandavasi et al., 2016). Currently the crystallization studies of this protein are underway.
[Background] Cellulose is the most important structural component of plant cell walls and constitutes the Earth's largest source of biorenewable material, yet the mechanism of its synthesis by plants is poorly understood. The plant cellulose synthesis complex (CSC), also called a 'rosette' because of its hexameric appearance in electron microscope images, is a large multi-subunit transmembrane protein complex responsible for synthesis of cellulose chains and their assembly into microfibrils. The number of cellulose synthase (CESA) proteins in the CSC and the number of cellulose chains in a microfibril have been debated for many years. Structural information about CESA proteins from plants is crucial to provide answers to some of the basic questions regarding the mechanism of cellulose synthesis. However, elucidation of the structure of CESA proteins has proved difficult because they are multi-domain proteins comprised of disordered, globular, and membrane associated domains. As an alternative to pursuing structural studies of CESA holoproteins, we are developing approaches for recombinant expression of individual CESA domains (e.g., N-terminal domain, central-cytosolic domain, C-terminal transmembrane domain) in large quantities suitable for structural studies. The current protocol has been optimized for isolation of the catalytic domain of A. thaliana CESA1 as reported (Vandavasi et al., 2016). Using this protocol, it is possible to control the oligomerization state of the protein enabling structural studies of the monomer and the trimeric form of the protein. The approach described may be broadly applicable to other systems.
Keywords: Cellulose synthesis, CESA protein, Heterologous expression, N-Lauroylsarcosine
0.2 µm filter (VWR, catalog number: 28145-501 )
E. coli BL21-RIL (Agilent Technologies, catalog number: 230280 )
Ampicillin (VWR, catalog number: 97061-442 )
Chloramphenicol (VWR, catalog number: EM-3130 )
Glycerol (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: G5516 )
Luria broth (EMD Millipore, catalog number: 71751 )
Sorbitol (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: S1876 )
IPTG (Teknova, catalog number: I3325 )
Tris buffer (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: 252859 )
Sodium deoxycholic acid (Geno Technology, catalog number: DG090 )
Nonidet (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: I8896 )
Sodium chloride (NaCl) (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: S9888 )
Lysozyme (VWR, catalog number: CA-EM5960 )
β-mercaptoethanol (BME) (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: M6250 )
Triton X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: T8787 )
CAPS buffer (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: C2632 )
Sodium lauroyl sarcosine (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: L9150 )
Glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: G5767 )
Dithiothreitol (DTT) (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: D0632 )
HEPES buffer (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: H3375 )
LB media supplemented with 0.25 M sorbitol (see Recipes)
Lysis buffer (see Recipes)
Wash buffer-1 (see Recipes)
Solubilization buffer (see Recipes)
Dialysis buffer-1 (see Recipes)
Autoclave (Panasonic, model: MLS-3781L )
Filtering devices for sterilization (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Fisher Scientific, catalog number: 596-4520 )
Bio hood (Labconco, model: 3440009 )
Note: This product has been discontinued.
Refrigerator or cold room
Temperature controlled shaker incubator (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Thermo ScientificTM, model: MxQTM 6000 )
Magnetic stirring plate (VWR, catalog number: 97042-626 )
UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Thermo Scientific, model: NanoDrop-2000 )
Apparatus for SDS-PAGE (Mini-PROTEAN® Tetra vertical electrophoresis cell) (Bio-Rad Laboratories, catalog number: 1658004 )
400 Watt sonicator (All-Spec, BRANSON, model: S450D )
Refrigerated centrifuge (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Thermo ScientificTM, model: RC 6 Plus )
10 kDa MWCO PES concentrators (Vivaproducts, model: Vivaspin® 20 )
Superdex 200 size exclusion chromatographic column, 120 ml capacity (GE Healthcare, catalog number: 17-1069-01 )
Akta FPLC system (or similar liquid chromatography system)
Dialysis cassettes (Slide-A-LyzerTM dialysis cassette G2, 10 kDa MWCO) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Thermo ScientificTM, catalog number: 87730 )
Cell culture and protein expression
The details of cloning can be found in Vandavasi et al. (2016). A plasmid (pET300NT) containing the gene to express the catalytic domain of CESA1 (amino acids 341-845; MW: 59.7 kDa) from A. thaliana (AtCESA1catD) was transformed into E. coli BL21-RIL strain with ampicillin and chloramphenicol as markers for selection and preserved as a 30% glycerol stock at -80 °C. The plasmid DNA is available on request from Dr. Hugh O'Neill at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Inoculate a starter culture of 50 ml of LB media supplemented with ampicillin (100 µg/ml) and chloramphenicol (35 µg/ml) with a dab of the frozen glycerol stock and grow overnight at 37 °C in a shaking incubator with a shaking speed of 250 rpm.
Transfer 25 ml of starter culture to 1 L of LB media supplemented with 0.25 M sorbitol, ampicillin (100 µg/ml) and chloramphenicol (35 µg/ml).
Grow the 1 L culture at 37 °C until the optical density measured at 600 nm in a spectrophotometer (OD600nm) reaches 0.3-0.4 (approximately 2.5 h of growth).
Change the temperature of incubator to 16 °C and continue cell growth for 15-20 min and monitor the OD600nm. When the OD600nm reaches 0.5-0.6 remove 1 ml of culture (pre-induction sample) for SDS-PAGE analysis.
When OD600nm is 0.5-0.6 add IPTG to the culture to a final concentration of 1 mM to induce the expression of the AtCESA1catD.
Incubate the culture at 16 °C for 10-12 h. Remove 0.25 ml of cells (post induction sample) for SDS-PAGE analysis.
Harvest the cells by centrifuging at 4 °C and 7,000 x g for 15 min and store the cell pellet at -80 °C.
Analyze the expression levels of AtCESA1catD in pre and post induction samples using SDS-PAGE (Figure 1).
Figure 1. SDS-PAGE analysis of pre and post induction. Lane 1: pre-induced whole cells; Lanes 2, 3: post-induced whole cells; Lanes 4, 5: soluble fraction from post-induced cells; Lane 6: Mw markers. The intense bands at approximately 59 kDa marked with an arrow in lanes 2 and 3 compared to the lane 1 represent induction of the AtCESA1catD protein.
Lysis, extraction and purification of inclusion bodies
Resuspend the cell pellet in lysis buffer. 5 ml of lysis buffer per gram of cells (wet weight) worked best for us.
Incubate the cells in lysis buffer for 30 min on ice. Mix the contents using a pipet occasionally.
Sonicate the cell suspension. We applied 6 pulses, each for 30 sec, using a 1.3 cm (diameter) horn and 400 Watt sonicator at 50% power. A cooling period of 60 sec was included between consecutive pulses to avoid heating of the sample.
Centrifuge the cell lysate at 36,000 x g for 30 min at 4 °C to separate the supernatant from the insoluble fraction.
Discard the supernatant and wash the insoluble fraction with 20 ml of wash buffer-1. The washing involves sequential resuspension of the insoluble fraction using a pipette in 20 ml of wash buffer-1 followed by centrifugation at 36,000 x g for 30 min. Repeat the wash for 3 times.
Now wash the insoluble fraction with wash buffer-2 for three times.
Note: This step is very important and can be optimized by monitoring the removal of impurities in the insoluble fraction using SDS-PAGE.
At this stage the insoluble fraction contains inclusion bodies that can be dissolved in the solubilization buffer or can be stored at -80 °C for long term storage. The inclusion bodies contain approximately 100 mg of protein per liter of culture and so it is suggested to divide the protein into smaller aliquots before storing.
Solubilization of inclusion bodies and size exclusion chromatography at 4 °C
Solubilize the inclusion bodies obtained from 1 L culture in 10 ml of ice cold solubilization buffer by gentle pipetting and incubation for 20-30 min on ice with gentle mixing.
After 30 min centrifuge the entire contents at 16,000 x g for 45 min to remove insoluble impurities. Collect the supernatant and check the absorbance at 280 nm to estimate the protein concentration. The extinction coefficient of AtCESA1catD is 80,510 M-1 cm-1.
The final protein concentration of the solubilized protein should be in the range of 15-20 mg/ml. A high concentration of sample is a prerequisite to achieve an efficient separation using size exclusion chromatography. Concentrate the sample to 15-20 mg/ml if necessary using 10 kDa MWCO PES concentrators.
An Akta FPLC chromatography system was used.
Equilibrate a Superdex 200 (120 ml) column in solubilization buffer.
Filter the solubilized sample through 0.2 µm membrane filters and load 1-2 ml of 15-20 mg/ml of sample on to the Superdex 200 (120 ml) column. Set the flow rate at 1 ml/min. In size exclusion chromatography, the sample volume is critical for optimizing the separation of proteins. For a 120 ml column, the optimal sample volume is in the range of 1-2 ml. The combination of a relatively high concentration of sample (15-20 mg/ml) and a small sample volume resulted in a resolved peak of the target protein at a relatively high concentration.
Collect the fractions (1 ml) for analysis using SDS-PAGE to judge the purity (see Figures 2 and 3). Pool the fractions with pure AtCESA1and concentrate to 10-15 mg/ml using a 10 KDa MWCO PES concentrator. For example, Lanes 3-7 of the SDS-PAGE gel in Figure 3 represent the main peak fractions of the elution profile in Figure 2. These are the fractions that were pooled for further study.
Dialyze the concentrated and pure sample (1-5 ml) against 1 L of dialysis buffer-1 for 24 h to obtain the pure catalytic domain in monomeric form.
Figure 2. Representative elution profile of AtCESA1catD through a Superdex 200 (120 ml) chromatographic column. 1.5 ml of sample was loaded. Fractions were of 1 ml and the flow rate was set at 1 ml/min. Absorbance is expressed in milli-absorbance units.
Figure 3. Fractions from Superdex 200 (120 ml) size exclusion chromatography. Lane 1: Marker; Lanes 2-8: Fractions 53 to 59 from size exclusion chromatography.
Oligomerization of monomers into trimers at 4 °C
The monomeric protein self-assembles into trimer by gradual removal of sodium lauroyl sarcosine during dialysis. Typically, 1-2 ml of monomeric protein at a protein concentration of 10-15 mg/ml is dialyzed against 1 L of dialysis buffer-2 for 48 h at 4 °C. The oligomerization of the monomeric protein into a trimer can be monitored by measuring the hydrodynamic radius of the sample using dynamic light scattering (DLS) (Vandavasi et al., 2016).
No special data processing or analysis was required for this procedure.
IPTG induction: When OD600nm is 0.5-0.6 add IPTG to the culture to a final concentration of 1 mM to induce the expression of the AtCESA1catD. Based on our experience, this step is very important because we have found that the protein expression is not induced if the OD600nm exceeds 0.8.
Protein concentration: We suggest using concentrators with PES (polyether sulfone) membranes to concentrate the CESA protein because carbohydrate binding proteins can bind to concentrators that have regenerated cellulose membranes.
LB media supplemented with 0.25 M sorbitol
Dissolve 20 g of LB (peptone from casein: 10 g; yeast extract: 5 g; NaCl: 5 g) in 750 ml of ultrapure water and sterilize by autoclaving.
Prepare 250 ml of 1 M sorbitol and sterilize by filtering through a 0.2 µm filter.
Mix both LB and sorbitol under aseptic conditions.
Lysis buffer
20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0
200 mM NaCl
0.2 mg/ml lysozyme
Wash buffer-1
20 mM Tris, pH 8.0
1% sodium deoxycholic acid
1% Nonidet
10 mM BME
1% Triton X-100
Solubilization buffer
50 mM CAPS (pH 10.5)
0.2% (w/v) sodium lauroyl sarcosine
0.2 M glucose
3% (v/v) glycerol
5 mM DTT
Note: The pH of the solubilization buffer should be 10.5 measured at room temperature (25 °C). We found that at pH < 10.5 the protein is not readily soluble.
Dialysis buffer-1
50 mM CAPS, pH 8.0
20 mM HEPES, pH 8.0
50 mM NaCl
a. NaOH was used to adjust the pH of all the buffers used in this protocol.
b. All the buffers were sterile filtered using 0.2 µm filters.
This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Batelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) under contract No.DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by the Center for Lignocellulose Structure and formation (CLSF), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No.DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).
How to cite: Readers should cite both the Bio-protocol article and the original research article where this protocol was used:
Plant Science > Plant biochemistry > Protein > Structure
Plant Science > Plant biochemistry > Protein > Isolation and purification
Biochemistry > Protein > Structure
All Field Materials and Reagents Equipment Procedure Data analysis Notes Recipes Acknowledgments References


I'd heard a lot about the white water in Scotland and was really looking forward to paddling the Etive. That is not to say that I was not insert expletive here myself.
On the first day I paddled the Upper Lyon, and the Upper Braan. At the start of the day I was pretty aprehensive as to what the other - significantly better- paddlers had in store for me. The day involved a variety of drops, some nice sticky holes, and some technical boulder dodging. Although challenging, and damn scary, it was amazing to get out at the end of the day having kept my head dry with the associated massive sense of achievement.
On the Sunday we spent the morning on the Falloch. The aforementioned better paddlers did the falls of falloch - 30ft of beautiful fall. I felt that I could have run the falls on a good day, but given that I was not 100% and that I have the rest of my life ahead of me I skipped this one. We ran the start of the Falloch, but it was lower than expected and as such we decided to cut our losses and run the Orchy.
We ran the Kinglass, a tributary of the Orchy, and then carried on down the middle section. After the first rapid I was reminded of the Racecourse section of the Ubaye in the french Alps. I then realised that it was the racecourse and more - high volume, massive holes, lots of fun. Did not quite manage to keep my head dry, but stayed in my boat, and ran some pretty impressive rapids. At this point in the weekend 'buzzing' is not a suitable adjective to describe how I was feeling. Scouting one of the rapids on the Orchy I felt more scared than I ever have before. As Beth M said, "This is why we kayak".
The third day ticked the adventure box. Having not been sure of water levels there was no definitive plan. We ended up running the tilt after a six kilometre walk in - my first ever real walk in. Again, aprehensive would be an understatement. My feelings were then emphasized after a pin on one of the first drops led to my deck imploding and me swimming. Fortunately it was probably the safest place on the river to swim, but it did not do the world of good for my paddling. Over the rest of the river my mind was not focussed, but although some of my lines were less than good, and i did take a couple of rolls, I did survive the rest of the river. There was one particular incident with a hole in a constriction. I thought that I had punched through said hole, but when I felt the back of my boat being pulled back my gut wrenched. Fast forward ten minutes and I was being pulled out of a nicely placed eddy with a throwline attached to my boat, nearly in tears. Once again, thanks a lot Beth H :P. The tilt, by all accounts is an awesome river - i'd love to run it again in slightly higher water - beat my demons and all that.
The best thing about the weekend was the approach to boating. So many times I've been led down rivers by better paddlers, not understanding what I am doing and why. This weekend I had to look after myself. On some occasions (some of) the others were just as scared as I was. I learned a lot about reading rivers, and got a lot of practice reading and running. It was an opportunity to man up and do some real boating, and I am really glad that I did it.
From a boating point of view, the weekend was amazing. The final day stopped me from getting cocky, and showed me exactly what I need to work on. From a confidence point of view, I have a lot more, and have a little more faith in my ability. I'll continue to push myself, and hopefully have many more amazing paddling experiences.


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text:
Team & Partners
conference, lecture
Keynote Lecture at Cities on the Move
Burcu Dogramaci gives a keynote lecture at the conference "Cities on the Move: Turkey and Yugoslavia in the Interwar Period" (14.-16.9.2017) at the University of Basel.
by Burcu Dogramaci
Her lecture is dedicated to Ankara as a capital in transition: after its founding in 1923 the city was permanently under construction. Photographs in journals and guides of the 1930s and 1940s reflected the erection of the new capital city, often in contrast to Istanbul as the old capital of the Ottoman Empire. Taking the official image of Ankara as a point of departure, the lecture will develop a multilayered perspective on Ankara and its signature buildings. In this context, the focus will be placed on the central question of what photographic images were formulated of the rise of a new town and of the old Istanbul. How did contemporary journals, such as "La Turquie Kemaliste", report? What perspective was adopted by the photographer Othmar Pferschy, the photographer for the Ministry of the Interior of Turkey, who dedicated himself in his photographs primarily to progress and modernity? And what is the other message conveyed by the pictures taken by immigrants to Turkey, whose lives and work as university professors were closely linked to Ankara and the Faculty of Languages, History and Geography, built by the architect Bruno Taut, who was another émigré. The Lecture examines the forms of photographic appropriation, perspectives and political meanings of the pictorial worlds devoted to the founding of Kemalist Turkey.
Programme at https://nahoststudien.philhist.unibas.ch/fileadmin/
user_upload/nahoststudien/Cities_20on_20the_20Move.pdf.
This project has received funding from
the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union's Horizon
2020 research and innovation
programme (grant agreement No
724649)
European Research Council
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München


Pär Åhlström holds the Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg chair at the Stockholm School of Economics, where he is also Vice President, responsible for Degree Programs. He previously held positions at Chalmers University of Technology and London Business School.
Pär is the Director of the Centre for Innovation and Operations Management, at Stockholm School of Economics, a group of researchers dedicated to interdisciplinary research projects at the knowledge frontier in operations management; innovation management; and information management. His own research interests particularly concern the implementation of new operations strategies.
Pär has over twenty years of experience in research on lean and is one of the pioneers in the field. He has published frequently on lean in manufacturing, product development and, most recently, in services. His research is frequently cited and he is also an award-winning teacher. He is also the author of the best-selling book "This is Lean – Resolving the Efficiency Paradox" which has soldover 180 000 copies and is translated into eleven different languages.


text:
Climate Justice for Black New Orleans
By Eric Mann
Was Hurricane Katrina the worst "natural" disaster in American history? Or was it man-made? The documentary film, "Rising Waters: Global Warming and the Fate of the Pacific Islands"[1] illustrates some of the key impacts of global warming in what the Alliance of Small Island States calls "extreme weather events." Nations and peoples that have anticipated and controlled flooding for thousands of years are now experiencing uncontrollable super-sized floods, hurricanes, and tornados. Island and coastal nations that previously had effective mechanisms to protect themselves from terrible but predictable weather events are now overwhelmed, as coral reefs—those natural levees against flooding—are being destroyed by warmer ocean temperatures. These torrential winds, rains, and floods go beyond any definition of "normal," yet the system tries to pass them off as natural disasters.
"The total amount of energy the hurricanes release—a figure calculated from wind speed and duration—has increased over the last 50 years by somewhere between 50 to 80 percent," says Kerry Emanuel, professor of atmospheric science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and author of "Divine Wind: The History and Science of Hurricanes."
In a recent article in the journal Science, Peter J. Webster of the Georgia Institute of Technology, and colleagues write that the past 15 years have seen nearly twice as many category four and five (on the Saffir-Simpson scale) hurricanes around the world as in the period between 1975 and 1989.[2]
Dr. Paul Epstein of Harvard's School of Public Health, points out that Third World countries in particular are vulnerable to epidemics provoked by global warming because they already lack good nutrition, secure housing, and proper medical care.[3] Decaying cities in the United States are just as vulnerable to category five hurricanes provoked by global warming.
Barry Commoner has argued that the development of the massive horsepower car, the proliferation of diesel and other fossil fuel-based transportation, and the use of chemicals to tackle problems previously resolved in eco-friendly ways, has increased toxic emissions since World War II to unprecedented levels in the history of the world. The auto, oil, and highway industries contribute to the production of greenhouse gases that generate global warming and climate change, which in turn cause the extreme weather events that are imposed on vulnerable peoples, resulting in illness, dislocation, homelessness, despondency, and death.
Entire communities, mostly poor and of color, are thus being destroyed by global warming.Following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami—the most deadly earthquake and flood in recorded history—several Third World commentators observed that we should specifically say that the tsunami killed between 170,000 to 250,000 "poor" people. Because, by and large, with the exception of some unfortunate tourists, it was the poorest of the native populations, living in the most vulnerable areas, that absorbed most of the tsunami's impacts. And that's how it is throughout the world. The disenfranchised people end up as human sacrifices to the Western god of profit.
While most of the post-Katrina discussion has been on the fragile condition of the levees, the under-funding of levee repairs, and the fiasco of the Bush dismantling of FEMA, in a paper entitled, "Unnatural Disaster: Louisiana's Crisis in Policy and Planning," authors Brian Azcona and Jason Neville focus instead on how the destruction of the wetlands through corporate development has undermined one of nature's ways of mitigating the impact of hurricanes: "…In the last century, over 1.2 million acres of land have disappeared, in large part as a consequence of land misuse—that includes oil, gas, and timber extraction; industrial, commercial, agricultural, and residential development." Economic development reduced the absorbent capacity of the region, while simultaneously increasing runoff and toxicity.A climate justice approach to the matter should begin with a demand for: (a) regulation of corporations and their "individual choice" to pollute; (b) mandated increases in auto fuel efficiencies; (c) reductions in the use of toxic substances; (d) expansion of public transportation systems; and (e) transparency about the chemicals and greenhouse gases produced by corporations and institutions.
Translating this sentiment into action, we would like the 'reconstructed' New Orleans to have many auto-free zones and auto-free days. We envision a comprehensive, federally-funded, clean-fuel bus, jitney, bicycle, and pedestrian-centered city with a public transportation system that would not contribute to global warming and combat transit racism.
Climate justice proponents should demand dramatic reductions in emissions from Louisiana's oil refineries in Cancer Alley, the 85-mile stretch on I-10 between New Orleans and Baton Rouge, and from the grain elevators and steel plants. They should call for the preservation of the wetlands, and a moratorium on highway expansion, coastal development, and gambling boats that come inland to set up coastal enclaves.
As a matter of fact, in its most progressive manifestation, this 'green' reconstruction effort would create a city in which people, particularly low-income black people, and not the autos, the highways, and the chemical plants, are prioritized.
A Clarion Call for "Effective Right of Return"
A central tactical demand that has united the black and progressive movements across the Gulf Coast and throughout the United States, is the "right of return" for the 350,000 black residents of New Orleans and of other Gulf Coast cities. If the black evacuees are not aided in their return, there will be no material base for black power and no political base to challenge the racist institutions in New Orleans, in Louisiana, and in Washington D.C. Areas with a black majority population are critical to any possible reversal of policies that contribute to racism and oppression and they must be fought for, as if all of our lives depended on it.
Without a plan to prioritize the return of black people to New Orleans, relocation has taken the form of mass kidnapping and the forced dispersal of refugees. As Beverly Wright of the Deep South Center for Environmental Justice, observed: "We need to [look] beyond 'right of return' to 'effective right of return.' We need plane tickets, bus tickets, housing, and a job, or at least government benefits waiting for us when we do return. We cannot allow the Bush Administration and the Louisiana white Democrats to support the forced dispersal of New Orleans and Gulf Coast evacuees to 'new homes' in Houston, Boston, Los Angeles, and Utah, which effectively cements their disenfranchisement. Black evacuees must, every one of them, be allowed to return home!"[4]
President Bush claims that New Orleans will "rise again," but who will live in it? And who is reaping the benefits of the rebuilding process? The massive reconstruction project currently underway to address the engineering problems of a city below sea level is already characterized by government bailouts and pork barrel projects for the corporate elite. And while the poorest sections of New Orleans are expected to take years to rebuild, many of the more affluent and white sections already have basic services and will most likely form the core of the reconstructed city's population. The only people of color in this new, white majority New Orleans, will likely be the working class Blacks and Latinos who clean people's houses or work at WalMart.
At the moment, it looks as if the prediction of Beverly Wright, Saladin Muhammad, and other Gulf Coast organizers is all set to come true and New Orleans is well on its way to being "whitewashed." It will take a unified multiracial movement with a strong, progressive black leadership, and a solid plan to reconstruct New Orleans from the bottom up,[5] to reverse the trend.
Fortunately, the movement to challenge the current racist redevelopment plan is already in motion. The People's Hurricane Relief Fund is demanding that the federal government "provide funds for all displaced families to be reunited." The fight for a Black Reconstruction must involve the guarantee that New Orleans will be rebuilt as a black-majority city and returned to its pre-Katrina population of 500,000. And there should be a thoughtful debate on a future urban plan that goes beyond merely rebuilding the levees and waiting for the next hurricane season. ?
1 Produced by Andrea Torrice (Oley, PA: Bullfrog Films, 2000).
2 Brownstein, Ronald. "Hard Choices Blow in the Winds of Katrina, and Now Rita," Los Angeles Times, September 26, 2005.
3 Epstein, Paul R. "Is Global Warming Harmful to Health?" Scientific American, August 2000.
4 Wright, Beverly. interview with Eric Mann and Damon Azali, Voices from the Frontlines, KPFK 90.7 FM, Los Angeles, September 16, 2005.
5 Mann, Eric, et al. Reconstructing Los Angeles, and U.S. Cities, from the Bottom Up (Los Angeles: Labor/Community Strategy Center, 1993). Available at http://www.thestrategycenter.org.
Eric Mann is director of the Labor / Community Strategy Center in Los Angeles.
Download or view a pdf of this article (239 KB).
Getting Ready for Change: Green Economics and Climate Justice | Vol. 13 No. 1 | Summer 2006 | Credits
‹ Climate Justice in New Orleans up Environment, Disaster, and Race After Katrina ›
Getting Ready for Change: Green Economics and Climate Justice
Introduction to Getting Ready for Change
Climate Justice (Getting Ready for Change)
Climate Justice in New Orleans
Environment, Disaster, and Race After Katrina
Equity and the Environment: Rebuilding Green - Rebuilding Black
Green Housing, Jobs and Justice in New Orleans
Overcoming Structural Racism
Contaminated Contracting in Post-Katrina New Orleans
Green Economics
Fresno Residents Choking on Amazon's Dust Demand Rights
By Interview with Leo Martinez
Lessons from the Civil Rights Movement
By Damu Smith
Resources for Community-based Science
Until the Streets of the Hood Flood with Green
By Kelly Curry
The Amazon You Won't Hear About at Climate Summit
By Dania De Ramon
Resources on Climate Change
Race, Poverty & the Environment
Debunking False Solutions
By Sasha Lilley
Closing Bayview-Hunters Point Power Plants
By Joshua Arce
The New Face of Agriculture
By Anuradha Mittal
Traffic Causes Death and Disease in San Francisco Neighborhood
Voices of Climate Justice
Community Planning for Power
Gentrified Violence
By J. Douglas Allen Taylor
Solidarity to Solutions: San Bernardino Groups Take on Warehouse Pollution
Sol-to-sol-9-11-18.mp3
"These diesel trucks are going to go in our neighborhoods, regardless if you're in Bloomington, Jurupa Valley, Fontana. These warehouses are going everywhere.... The beauty of this environmental justice struggle that we're all fighting is that we're not alone.... the beauty of it is getting the people together. We don't got money, but we got that people power." Chela Larios
Amazon-intro-to Leo.mp3
As the South Goes; Organizing, Healing and Resilience in Gulf Coast Communities
Play the interview
"We need folks to value our difference and to value our uniqueness and to say that there just might be something as innovative as jazz to come out and solve this climate change problem."


Principles of Economics Translated – Yoram Bauman, Ph.D.
Yoram Bauman, a standup economist, deconstructs Greg Mankiw's 10 Principles of Economics. In short order Yoram explains away tradeoffs, incentives, margins and markets. They become more common concepts of choices, people, governments, and stupidity (and limits of stupidity).
Greg Mankiw clearly doesn't take this too personally, he blogged about Yoram twice, and by his own estimation, may have sold a few more books for him.
Editor's Note: Much of this post was borrowed liberally from Brady's post on the main Ignite web site.
Yoram has a Ph.D in Economics and has decided to use humor to convey his thinking. His first book The Cartoon Introduction to Economics: Volume One: Microeconomics comes out in January.
You can find Yoram Bauman on his blog, Stand-Up Economist, his blog at the Seattle PI or at his day job as the environmental economist for the University of Washington's award-winning Program on the Environment.
Ha! That video was hilariously accurate. You'd think Mankiw would learn a little something from it. I guess now I'm going to have to buy the book.


text:
Nigerian senate chambers
ANALYSIS: Senate's ministerial screening, an opportunity lost
byQueenEsther Iroanusi
Congratulations Nigerians! We now have 43 new ministers-designate (pending when they are inaugurated).
The Senate this week concluded a five-day screening process of the 43 ministers appointed by President Muhammadu Buhari.
It is, however, not surprising that there were condemnations from groups and individuals before the appointment, during the screening process and after the confirmation of the nominees.
The president finally sent in the names of the appointees exactly 54 days after he was sworn in for the second term. Quite commendable though, going by the fact that it took him six months to appoint ministers for his cabinet during his first term in 2015.
Prior to nominating the ministers, Mr Buhari said he was being pressured to make the appointment but he wanted to take his time and appoint 'people he knows.'
The criticisms grew when he submitted the names of the 43 appointees to the Senate without portfolios (again, not surprising).
The list consists of seven past governors and seven past senators, while 14 former ministers were retained. Of the 43 nominees, only seven are women.
President Muhammadu Buhari
While many said the list was made of loyalists to the president and the All Progressives Congress (APC), others complained that there was no youth and the president has thus failed to fulfill one of his campaign promises.
The lawmakers were left with no choice but to ask the appointees random questions not minding the ministry an appointee will end up heading.
The Screening:
Although the list arrived at the National Assembly the week that the lawmakers planned to embark their annual recess, they postponed the vacation to attend to the issue of "national importance."
The Senate spokesperson, Adedayo Adeyeye, had said the screening will be thorough. Also, a member of the Senate Ad-Hoc Committee on Media and Publicity, Uba Sani, had said "those who usually will be asked to bow, this time around we will try as much as possible to ask them so they explain to the public what they intend to do.
"Even those who are returning will be asked to tell Nigerians their plan. Nigeria will want to know their agenda."
Their words had barely been uttered when the senators started asking many nominees to bow and go.
How 'bow and go' dominated the screening process
According to the tradition of the Senate, any nominee who has been a federal lawmaker was asked to take a bow and leave the chamber without being questioned.
Although this used to be applied to past federal lawmakers, the senators adjusted the tradition this time and extended the privilege to past state lawmakers too.
Of the 43 appointees, 22 were excused without grilling – this is more than half of the total nominees. Among the 22 issued the 'bow and go' privilege are former lawmakers and all the female nominees. The female nominees were excused because the Senate claimed to be "gender-friendly."
A 'gender-friendly' Senate, however, never asked the president why only seven women were nominated of the 43 appointees in a country where the population is virtually evenly split among both genders
A few other nominees were asked to bow and go because they are "hardworking and loyal." This category includes Lai Mohammed and Abubakar Aliyu.
Minister of Information and Culture, Lai Mohammed [Photo Credit: The Guardian Nigeria]
Not only do Nigerians not know the portfolios of the 'bow and go' beneficiaries, but they also do not know what they will do when they are assigned to ministries. The Senate thus missed the opportunity to help Nigerians know the plans a majority of ministers have for the country.
A senator attempted to explain the reasons behind the 'bow and go' tradition. He felt it was necessary for Nigerians to know that past lawmakers were given the privilege because questions being asked are issues that have probably been treated in the chamber.
On his part, the Senate President, Ahmad Lawan, maintained that it was a tradition that is here to stay. He even said the Senate will move to make it part of the constitution to avoid the confusion it has caused.
Senior Special Adviser to the President on National Assembly Matters, Sen. Ita Enang speaking during his appearance on the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) Forum in Abuja on Tuesday (11/9/18). 04918/11/9/2018/Jimah Suleman/BJO/NAN
Both the presidential aide on National Assembly Matters, Ita Enang, and the Senate spokesperson further buttressed this point. They emphasised that it has been a long-practised tradition and will not be changed.
"Gender-friendly" Senate
This was the song the lawmakers kept singing each time a female nominee was ushered into the chamber.
To think no senator protested the seven female nominees out of 43, was enough to trigger criticisms from civil society groups and individuals who came across the list.
Of the four female senators that PREMIUM TIMES contacted to react to the poor representation of women on the list, only Rivers State senator, Betty Apiafi, replied via text message with a "no comment" phrase.
Anyways, there are only seven women out of the 109 senators in the Upper Chamber. So, it is perhaps, safe to say they are getting comfortable with such situation.
"Impressive nominees"
While many Nigerians have complained about the list and the entire screening process, a few nominees – who were grilled – impressed Nigerians during their screening.
Of particular mention are Sunday Dare, Festus Keyamo, and Babatunde Fashola.
Fashola at the Senate for screening.
Prior to his appointment, Mr Dare was the Executive Commissioner at the Nigerian Communications Commission. Among the many issues he talked about during his screening, was how a phone can be used to track kidnappers as he said kidnapping has been a worry to not just regulators but Nigerian citizens as well.
Like it or not, Mr Keyamo actually 'schooled' the lawmakers during his screening. He answered questions ranging from the workings of the Supreme Court to the many existing political parties.
Festus Keyamo
Among his many promises was to 'unbundle' the Supreme Court and decongest Nigerian prisons if he is made the next Attorney-General of the Federation or Minister of Justice.
Mr Fashola's session of grilling was probably the longest as he stood for over an hour fielding questions from the lawmakers.
During his screening, he complained of the paucity of funds for infrastructure projects. He said one way to address the infrastructural challenges facing Nigeria was through the introduction of an infrastructure bond.
He called for the introduction of a N10 trillion infrastructure bond.
For the Senate President, all the nominees performed excellently well, including the majority who were not questioned.
He said this at the end of the screening process.
Senate President, Ahmed Lawan
He probably made the assessment based on the brief address all the nominees gave upon entry.
He congratulated them and charged them to work with the National Assembly.
Next for the ministers will be their inauguration and assignment of portfolios. Hopefully, President Buhari will not take another 54 days to do this. After all, he only appointed those he 'personally knows'
FMBN to build 3,700 housing units across states, FCT
Asian stocks drop after Trump announces China tariff hike
QueenEsther Iroanusi
QueenEsther Iroanusi covers the National Assembly for PREMIUM TIMES. She is a 2018 Female Reporters Leadership Programme fellow of the Wole Soyinka Centre for Investigative Journalism. She has a degree in French. She can be reached on Twitter @QueenExtha
What Nigeria's future prosperity depends on — Osinbajo


text:
The Top 10 Best Linux Videos of 2013
By The Linux Foundation12月 12, 20138月 22nd, 2017Blog
This list of the best Linux videos of 2013 combines some of the most watched Linux Foundation videos of the year, along with a selection of the most inspiring, compelling, or just plain fun videos produced by others in the Linux community. In choosing videos for inclusion, we avoided purely promotional videos in favor of those that celebrate big milestones, seek to educate, or communicate a broader message about the values and mission of Linux and open source software. See the full playlist on the Linux Foundation YouTube channel or scroll down to see the top 10 (with a bonus video, just for fun). What was your favorite Linux video published in 2013? Tell us in the comments, below!
1. What the Tech Industry Has Learned from Linus Torvalds: Jim Zemlin at TEDx, Concordia University, Portland
Linux Foundation Executive Director Jim Zemlin, otherwise known as "Linus Torvalds's" boss, explains how to achieve the same success that Linus, Linux and free and open source software have achieved.
"When you stand on the shoulders of giants, when you use free software and take part in this grand collaboration, you can innovate at ever higher levels," he says.
2. Eben Moglen Appeals to the European Union Parliament to Use Free Software
Software Freedom Law Center founder and Columbia University law professor Eben Moglen explains the GNU public license (GPL), free software, and the importance of software freedom to a functioning democracy to the EU Parliament.
"The idea that you can be sold a computing device which you can't understand, can't study, can't change, can't fix, and therefore can't prevent from spying on you is the advent of the industry the GPL and other FOSS institutions were designed to prevent," he says. "Recent events in the world have reminded everybody why computers you can't trust aren't safe to use and have underlined the importance of technology individual users can understand and modify in preventing outright political oppression."
3. Richard Stallman's Speech on his Internet Hall of Fame Induction
In the same year we're celebrating the 30th anniversary of GNU, creator Richard Stallman gave this acceptance speech at the Internet Society's Internet Hall of Fame induction ceremony.
"If we want the Internet to be something good for human freedom…we need to fight hard."
4. Linux Kernel Panel at LinuxCon and CloudOpen North America, 2013
A roundtable discussion on the Linux Kernel from maintainers Tejun Heo, Greg Kroah-Hartman, Sarah Sharp and Linus Torvalds. The session is moderated by Ric Wheeler and covers diversity in the kernel community — an issue that garnered increasing attention this year.
5. Linus Torvalds Interviewed on Stage at LinuxCon and CloudOpen Europe, 2013
It's rare to get a full hour of Linus talking on video in depth about kernel issues. In this discussion, Dirk Hohdel peppers Linus with questions, including whether they could do a kernel release focused on stability and bug fixes instead of new features — a proposal that Linus later came to consider.
6. IBM: Why Innovate on Power?
IBM this year announced a $1 billion investment in Linux on its Power Systems. This video explains how diverse industries including weather, health care, and transportation are processing enormous amounts of data to inform innovation.
"When you add the capabilities of the Power platform to our investment in Linux, OpenStack, and open source in general then you really get the tools you need to innovate."
7. Red Hat: Celebrating 20 Years of Open
Red Hat began celebrating its 20-year anniversary in June. This video is a thank-you note to the open source community for sharing their ideas and inspiring innovation.
"A single idea shared in the open can change everything."
8. Google's Keynote on Self Driving Cars at Embedded Linux Conference, 2013
One of our most-watched videos of the year was Google Developer Andrew Chatham's keynote presentation on Google's Linux-based autonomous vehicle.
"Why is Google even qualified to do this? After all, we've never built a car… The answer is we think this is fundamentally a software problem and something you can apply massive amounts of data to (along with) our existing experience in building digital maps to produce a real solution to this really challenging technical problem."
9. Education and Free Software: Jon Maddog Hall
Jon Maddog Hall spoke at Campus Party Europe conference in London about the importance of free culture and free software in education, what universities and high schools should be teaching students about computers, how to set up inexpensive computer labs with open source software and hardware, and how to get a job in computing.
"In the new web-based environment we should be teaching people how to do distributed development, how to work with people you don't see face to face; how to license software the proper way and how to understand if the licenses meet your needs; how to develop foremost standards and then how you innovate above the standards and below the standards."
10. Valve's Gabe Newell and Linus Torvalds on Linux and Gaming
First Valve co-founder Gabe Newell declared Linux the future of gaming at LinuxCon North America, then Linus professed his love of Steam at LinuxCon Europe. And now Valve has joined as a corporate member of the Linux Foundation.
"We've seen tremendous evolution and innovation in the open space and we think that that process is gonna continue," Newell says.
11. (Bonus Video!) What Does the Chameleon Say? (Ylvis – What Does the Fox Say parody)
This is just fun. SUSE's parody video released at SUSECon features a dancing chameleon.


Manpasand Beverages and ice cream major Baskin Robbins have entered a tie-up to include its beverages in their outlets. This would be a resourceful effort on their part in keeping pace with the fast-growing beverage market.
Manpasand's 'Mango Sip' used to be a popular brand in the rural and semi rural areas, but after this coalition, one would find them in the outlets of Baskin Robbins along with other products. Another brand that has come up with Mango Sip is 'Fruits up' which will be introduced in about 250 outlets of Baskin Robbins all over the country.
Baskin Robbins began its journey with a joint partnership with the Graviss Group. It later became a leader in ice cream retail and today has its strong hold on 150 cities and towns with more than 550 stores; this can surely be a benefit for Manpasand.


Aroma:Sweet, spicy, warm, herbaceous. Slightly musky. Similar to the dried Coriander seeds used in the kitchen (ground).
Aromatherapy Properties:Warming and comforting. Aphrodisiac. A mental stimulant that is uplifting, strengthening and inspiring.
Suggested Use:Dilute Coriander Oil in an unflavored/neutral Carrier Oil such as Grapeseed or Canola Oil, and use in preparing sauces and savory dishes.
History:Well known as a domestic spice worldwide, one of the components of Curry (which is a blend of seven different spices). The seeds were found in the ancient Egyptian tomb of Ramses II.
Specific Safety Information:Non-toxic, stupefying in larger concentration, use sparingly. GRAS (Generally Regarded As Safe) approved by the FDA as food flavor.


With the support of the UNESCO Cluster Office in Almaty, Public Foundation «Healthy Asia» and the initiative group of volunteers on 9 October 2016 at 17.00 will hold a charity exhibition of works of young artists " I want to live…" in support of children with cancer diseases in the Central State Museum in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
The uniqueness of this project lies within the fact that the paintings were created in a duet of famous Kazakhstani artists with the children who defeated cancer.
During one month 23 children - the winners of this disease from different nationalities – on the canvas their vision of life in an inclusive society without divisions into nations, religions and cultures. For each of these children who had serious illness, it is important to see their future in the world of harmony and peace in the current resurgence of conflict, violence and intolerance.
This project demonstrates the desire of children to unite their efforts for the development of comprehensive social consciousness, free from stereotypes and prejudice. The themes of paintings written by them closely echoes the strategy of implementation of the International Decade for the Rapprochement of Cultures (2013 - 2022 years), which attaches a great importance to projects aimed at popularization of culture through children's art, promoting a culture of peace and non-violence.
The program of the event includes the presentation of the film "Houses", dedicated to the children with cancer and disclosure of their social adaptation problems. All the exhibited paintings will perform as lots at a charity auction during the evening.
The proceeds from the sale of the paintings will be used to support the activities of the Center for Rehabilitation of children with cancer diseases in Almaty, which helps to Kazakhstani children on the free basis.


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Athletics • Summer 2015
Swimming and Diving Teams Defend National Championships
OBU captured national titles in both the men's and women's NAIA Swimming & Diving National Championships in March at the Oklahoma City Community College Natatorium. It is the fourth straight title for the men, dating back to the program's inception in the 2011-12 season. The Lady Bison earned their third consecutive title. Bison head coach Dr. Sam Freas was named both the men's and women's NAIA Coach of the Year.
OBU took home titles in 13 out of 20 women's events, scoring 745 points. The Bison men claimed 11 of 20 titles and finished with a score of 798.5. Bison swimmers set five new NAIA National Championship records at the three-day meet. OBU also swept the meet awards, claiming a share of all eight honors.