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Silphidae
Silphidae is a family of beetles that are known commonly as large carrion beetles, carrion beetles or burying beetles. There are two subfamilies: Silphinae and Nicrophorinae. Nicrophorines are sometimes known as sexton beetles. The number of species is relatively small and around two hundred. They are more diverse in the temperate region although a few tropical endemics are known. Both subfamilies feed on decaying organic matter such as dead animals. The subfamilies differ in which uses parental care and which types of carcasses they prefer. Silphidae are considered to be of importance to forensic entomologists because when they are found on a decaying body they are used to help estimate a post-mortem interval.
Temporal range: 10.5 ka–Recent
Nicrophorus vespillo
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Superfamily: Staphylinoidea
Family: Silphidae
Latreille (1807)
Subfamilies
Nicrophorinae Kirby (1837)
Silphinae Kirby (1837)
Taxonomy, evolution, and etymology
The family Silphidae belongs to the order Coleoptera. They are commonly referred to as carrion beetles or burying beetles and are usually associated with carrion, fungi, and dung. In the past, members of the family Agyrtidae were included. This family has two subfamilies, Silphinae and Nicrophorinae. The antenna is made up of 11 segments and is capitate (ending in an abruptly capped club) in the Nicrophorinae and has a more gradual club shape in the Silphinae. The subfamilies also differ in behavior. Members of the subfamily Silphinae show little to no care for their young and breed on large carrion. Nicrophorinae breed on small animal carrion and will bury themselves and their food to rear their offspring in a bi-parental manner.[1] There are approximately 183 species in this family, which are found worldwide although they are commoner in the temperate region. Nicrophorus americanus, known as the American Burying Beetle, is an endangered species.[2]
The oldest beetle fossils are over 265 million years old dating back to the Permian period but the oldest fossil Silphid is that of N. humator dating around 10,500 years and described in 1962 by Pearson.[3] Many Silphidae are flightless although they have wings. This loss is thought to be a result due to the changes in habitat over time. Researchers have found that most flight-capable species in this group feed on vertebrate carcasses, whereas flightless species will feed on soil invertebrates. They also found that egg production increased with flight loss because of a more limited food supply.[4]
The word "silphid" or "sylph", first seen in the sixteenth century in Paracelsus' works, refers to any race of spirits inhabiting the air and is described as mortal, but lacking soul. The word is also related to the Latin word sylva meaning "slender, graceful girl" and the Greek word nymph meaning "light, airy movements".[5]
Diversity and distribution
Silphidae beetles are ubiquitous and are most abundant in the temperate zone. The diversity is also greater in the temperate zone and they are quite rare in the tropics although there are species endemic to the region. It is thought that ants, flies and other carrion feeders outcompete them in these regions.[6] They vary in size from 7 to 45 mm.[7]
There are about 46 different species of Silphidae in North America which include Heterosilpha ramosa, Necrodes surinamensis, Necrophila americana, Nicrophorus americanus, Nicrophorus carolinus, Nicrophorus investigator, Nicrophorus marginatus, Nicrophorus orbicollis, Nicrophorus tomentosus, Oiceoptoma inaequale, Oiceoptoma noveboracense, Oiceoptoma rugulosum, Thanatophilus lapponicus.[8][9] A species found in Great Britain is Oiceoptoma thoracicum.
The Nicrophorinae have a narrower distribution than the Silphinae. Tropical forms include Diamesus of Asia and Australia, Ptomophila in Australia and Nicrophorus mexico of Central America.
Silphidae undergo holometabolous development. The development in the subfamily Silphinae proceeds at a slower rate than in Nicrophorinae. The Silphinae life cycle takes approximately twenty six to fifty eight days to go from an egg to adult. The breakdown of this process is essential to forensic entomologists. The cycle takes two to seven days after the egg is laid to hatch. The larvae will develop through three instars on the carrion lasting for ten to thirty days. After that time period is up the third instar larvae will venture away from the detritus to pupate. Pupation takes fourteen to twenty one days and is the major part of metamorphosis where a grandiose change occurs. During this stage the wings become fully developed and sexual maturity is reached, sometimes called the imago or adult stage where the cycle is then repeated. The Nicrophorinae cycle is generally quicker. Oviposition is done near the carcass and takes twelve to forty eight hours for the eggs to hatch into larvae. The amount of food and parental care exhibited help determine the length of the larval stage. Pupation in this subfamily lasts six to eight days and is completed in the soil. The adult Nicrophorinae will emerge from the soil and venture to find food and a mate.[8]
Nicrophorinae are well known for the habit of locating a carcass and burying it by unearthing the soil underneath it. The burying behavior has seemingly evolved to prevent competition from other insects such as fly maggots. It has been observed that the cooperation of the two parent beetles leads to breeding success. More likely than not a breeding pair will work together, but in cases where there is large carrion males try to boost their reproduction by emitting pheromones. In this way, he will father more offspring, but the reproductive success of the primary female steadily declines. Sometimes, where there is a large carcass the likelihood of intense competition from flies leads to communal breeding. There appears to be a truce between females who would normally compete for the males, and in these cases cooperative behavior extends to females caring for each other's offspring. At the height of breeding season pairs of beetles may compete for the carrion. The losing pair will be ejected from the carrion and if any eggs have been laid they are killed so the new female can lay her own.[10]
Behavior and ecology
The Silphidae adults feed in a saprophagous manner: they colonize the carrion during all four stages of decomposition, which are fresh, bloated, decay, and dry. The main areas of decomposition for adults are during both the bloated and decaying stages. The Silphidae larvae mainly inhabit during the decaying and dry stages of the carrion. The primary food source for the subfamily Silphinae is the maggot mass present on the detritus. The Nicrophorinae will colonize the body earlier in decomposition in order to avoid competition with maggots. If there is a sufficiently large maggot mass they will not colonize the carcass. The parental care exhibited by this subfamily is that the adult beetles regurgitate food into the mouths of the young larvae until they are mature. Silphinae colonize later in the decaying process and the adults eat the maggot mass, sometimes leaving little maggot evidence left to estimate a post-mortem interval. In the case of the sexton or burying beetles, Nicrophorinae, the adults will bury small animal carcasses and lay their eggs on it. In some species, a slight depression is made on the detritus for maturing larvae that the adult beetles feed and protect. In both subfamilies the larvae are observed to eat the decaying organic material while the adults mainly consume the maggots. Flies are the major competitor of Silphiade for detritus. If a carcass is infested with maggots, many of the Nicrophorinae will abandon the carcass while members of Silphinae will feed on the maggots.[8]
Beetles have many different weapons available to protect them against predator attacks. The members of Silphidae have many different modifications that allow them to thrive in different ecological niches including colour warnings (from aposematism to Batesian mimicry), chemical defenses and parental care. Silphid beetles are usually dark in color consisting of gold, black and brown. This dark coloring allows them to blend into their environment. One species of Silphidae uses a physical mean of defense. Oiceoptoma inaequalis holds its elytra over its back when it flies. The back of the elytra are bright blue and when they are exposed it makes the beetle look much larger. After landing, the beetle folds its wings and the blue color vanishes. Many Silphidae have bright orange coloring on their elytra, which may serve as a warning to other predators.[11] Some Silphidae beetles secrete a chemical from a rectal gland that consists of aliphatic acids and terpene alcohols. The secretion has a strong, foul odor and may be topically irritating to Blattodea and Diptera. The species Necrodes surinamensis ejects this secretion as a spray and can rotate the end of its abdomen to spray in all directions.[12]
Locomotion and navigation
Walking is the primary form of locomotion for Silphidae beetles. They are able to travel great distances to find carcasses to breed and feed on. Beetles also have two sets of wings, the elytra and the hind wings. The hind wings are membranous and are modified for flying or swimming. There are some Silphidae who are able to fly, but others have lost this ability throughout evolution. When an animal dies, hydrogen sulfide and some cyclic compounds are released. Silphidae use their sense of smell to locate carcasses from a long distance by chemoreceptors on their antennae, which are adapted to detect these chemicals.[13] At a short distance, the end organs of the palpi detect the odors.[11] Silphid beetles are usually more active at night, nocturnal, which may help reduce competition.
Competition from other organisms for the carrion puts the Silphids at both an advantage and a disadvantage. The advantage is that fly competitors lay eggs that result in maggots and supply food for Silphids. The disadvantage for the Nicrophorinae is that if the carcass is already "blown", referring to Shakespearean time as being infected with fly maggots, they will not colonize. Nicrophorinae have adapted to these situations and will bury the carcass to remove it from other competitors.[14] With this technique, a steady food source is available for the larvae and procreation chances increase.
Silphidae compete for brooding areas. If an invader male overpowers the original male, it will mate with the original female and create a new brood.[15] If an invader female overpowers the original female, it will also create a new brood with the primary male.
With humans
Silphids are usually not considered a nuisance to humans. They help the environment by laying their eggs on carcasses and the larvae break down the detritus, which prevents accumulation of deceased organisms.
Carcasses are kept out of sight and foul odors are prevented when Nicrophorinae bury it under the ground. This will also reduce the surface area for flies to lay their eggs and decrease fly population.
Some Silphidae occupy human-inhabited areas and become pests to farmers by using crops as a second source of nutrients. Aclypea opaca in Europe feed on beets. Necrophila americana feed on pumpkin, spinach, and sugar beet.
With other organisms
Members from the family Silphidae are known to have mutualistic relationships with other organisms. Nicrophorinae have a mutual relationship with phoretic mites. Mites from the genus Poecilochirus produce deutonymphs that crawl on Nicrophorinae and are transported to carrion. Once they arrive at the carrion, deutonymphs leave the adult Nicrophorinae and proceed to feed on nearby fly eggs and immature larvae. Mites help Nicrophorinae reduce the number of competitors on carrion. With less competition, both species are able to reproduce successfully underground.[16]
Silphidae are known for being hosts to juvenile nematodes. Nicrophorus vespilloides are closely associated with the nematode parasite. The parasites can be easily transmitted to other hosts during copulation.
Forensic research
Silphidae are one of several families of forensic importance in the order Coleoptera. They are a very important tool in determining a post-mortem interval by collecting Silphid progeny from the carcass, and determining the developmental rate. Based on the number of instars and the larval development stage, a time of death can be estimated. This is very useful in medicocriminal entomology, the emphasis on utilizing arthropods as evidence to aid in solving crimes.[8] Many of the methods in determining stages of development are subjective. However, recent studies have found a more precise way of determining the stage of development of Silphid larvae by measuring the maximum cranial width and other heavily sclerotized areas of the larvae instead of measuring just the length, which is subject to change with each larva, particularly in O. inaequale and N. surinamensis, which are more robust and have greater variations of length. The most accurate instar identification is possible by using distinct morphological features that are instar specific and cannot be affected by the size of the specimen. Although this is possible only for few species with described larvae of all instars such as Thantophilus rugosus.[17]
Silphidae are being studied to find more exact estimations of post-mortem intervals and possible manners of death.[18] Also, in the future, entomologists will explore the social behavior of the beetles to a greater degree. Members of family Silphidae are typically the first of the coleopterans to come in contact with carrion. Silphidae larvae are opportunistic predators that will feed on dipteran eggs, larvae, and on the carcass itself.[18] This presents a problem in the determination of post-mortem interval because Silphidae are known to eradicate other species from carrion. By eliminating the first colonizing species Silphidae can give an incorrect post-mortem interval.
Unlike most of the insects used as forensic markers, it is possible to assess if Silphidae adults have colonized a corpse and left it later. For this purpose, some Parasitidae mites (for example, Poecilochirus species) are used due to their phoront-host specificity. If a corpse is invaded by Poecilochirus specimens and no Silphidae were sampled by forensic entomologists, it is reasonable to suspect that some Silphidae carrying Poecilochirus phoretic instars arrived previously to the corpse and abandoned it some time later, leaving Poecilochirus mites in the process.[19]
Eggert, A. Muller, J. K. (1997). Bi-parental care and social evolution in burying beetles: Lessons from the larder in Social Behavior in Insects and Arachnids. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–541. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Backlund, Douglas C.; Gary M. Marrone, Christopher K. Williams, and Kelley Tilmon (2008). "Population Estimate of the Endangered American Burying Beetle, Nicrophorus americanus Olivier (Coleoptera: Silphidae) in South Dakota". The Coleopterists Bulletin. 62 (4): 9–15. doi:10.1649/982.1. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Sikes, Derek S.; Madge, Ronald B.; Newton, Alfred F. (August 29, 2002). A catalog of the Nicrophorinae (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of the world. Zootaxa. 65. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.65.1.1. ISBN 978-0-9582395-1-6.
Abe, T. Ikeda, H. Kagaya, T. Kubota, K. (2008). "Evolutionary Relationships Among Food Habitat, Loss of Flight, and Reproductive Traits: Life-History Evolution in the Silphinae(Coleoptera:Silphidae)". Evolution. 62 (8): 2065–2079. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00432.x. PMID 18507741. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Online Etymology Dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=nymph
Ratcliffe B.C. (1996). The carrion beetles (Coleoptera:Silphidae) of Nebraska. Bulletin 13. Lincoln, USA: University of Nebraska State Museum.
Dekeirsschieter, Jessica; François Verheggen; Georges Lognay; Eric Haubruge (2011). "Large carrion beetles (Coleoptera, Silphidae) in Western Europe: a review" (PDF). Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment. 15 (3): 435–447.
Byrd, Jason H. Castner, James L. (2001). Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations. Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC. pp. 10, 37, 189–199. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Anderson, RS & SB Peck (1985). The insects and arachnids of Canada. Part 13. The Carrion Beetles of Canada and Alaska. Coleoptera: Silphidae and Agyrtidae (PDF). Agriculture Canada. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-15.
McGavin, George C. Essential Entomology: An Order-by-Order Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. pp. 62–66.
Ratcliffe, B. The Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera:Silphidae) of Nebraska. Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum. Volume 13.
Roach, B.; Eisner, T.; Meinwald, J (1990). "The Defense Mechanisms of arthropods. 83. alpha-and beta-Necrodol, novel terpens from a carrion beetle (Necrodes surinamensis, Silphidae, Coleoptera)". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 55 (13): 4047–4051. doi:10.1021/jo00300a020.
Evans, A. Hogue, J. Introduction to California Beetles. University of California Press 2004. p. 154–156.
Eggert AK, Reinking M, Muller JK (1998). "Parental Care Improves Offspring Survival and Growth in Burying Beetles". Animal Behaviour. 55 (1): 97–107. doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0588.
Trumbo ST (2007). "Defending Young Biparentally: Female Risk-Taking with and Without a Male in the Burying Beetle, Nicrophorus pustulatus". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 61 (11): 1717–1723. doi:10.1007/s00265-007-0403-5.
Grossman J.D., Smith RJ. (2008). "Phoretic Mite Discrimination Among Male Burying Beetle (Nicrophorus Investigator) Hosts". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 101 (1): 266–271. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2008)101[266:pmdamb]2.0.co;2.
Novák M., Jakubec P., Qubaiová J. Šuláková H., Růžička J. (2017). "Revisited larval morphology of Thanatophilus rugosus (Coleoptera: Silphidae)". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 2017 (3): 939–954. doi:10.1007/s00414-017-1764-6. PMID 29270839. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Watson E.J., Carlton C.E. (2005). "Succession of Forensically Significant Carrion Beetle Larvae on Large Carcasses (Coleoptera: Silphidae)". Southeastern Naturalist. 4 (2): 335–346. doi:10.1656/1528-7092(2005)004[0335:sofscb]2.0.co;2.
González Medina A, González Herrera L, Perotti MA, Jiménez Ríos G (2013). "Occurrence of Poecilochirus austroasiaticus (Acari: Parasitidae) in forensic autopsies and its application on postmortem interval estimation". Experimental and Applied Acarology. 59 (3): 297–305. doi:10.1007/s10493-012-9606-1. PMID 22914911.
Horn, GH (1880) Synopsis of the Silphidae of the United States with reference to the genera of other countries.
Wikispecies has information related to Silphidae
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Silphidae.
Extant Coleoptera families
Subclass: Pterygota
Infraclass: Neoptera
Superorder: Endopterygota
Suborder Archostemata
Crowsoniellidae (Crowsoniella relicta)
Cupedidae (reticulated beetles)
Jurodidae (Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae)
Micromalthidae (telephone-pole beetle)
Ommatidae
Suborder Adephaga
Extant families
Amphizoidae (trout-stream beetles)
Aspidytidae
Carabidae (ground beetles)
Dytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)
Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)
Haliplidae (crawling water beetles)
Hygrobiidae
Meruidae (Meru phyllisae)
Noteridae (burrowing water beetles)
Rhysodidae (wrinkled bark beetles)
Trachypachidae (false ground beetles)
Suborder Myxophaga
Hydroscaphidae (skiff beetles)
Lepiceridae
Sphaeriusidae
Torridincolidae
Suborder Polyphaga
Bostrichiformia
Bostrichoidea
Anobiidae (furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)
Bostrichidae (auger beetles)
Dermestidae (skin beetles)
Jacobsoniidae (Jacobson's beetles)
Nosodendridae (wounded-tree beetles)
Derodontoidea
Derodontidae (tooth-necked fungus beetles)
Cucujiformia
Chrysomeloidea
Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles)
Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles)
Disteniidae
Megalopodidae
Orsodacnidae
Oxypeltidae
Vesperidae
Cleroidea
Acanthocnemidae (Acanthocnemus nigricans)
Chaetosomatidae
Cleridae (checkered beetles)
Mauroniscidae
Melyridae (soft-wing flower beetles)
Metaxinidae
Phloiophilidae (Phloiophilus edwardsi)
Phycosecidae
Prionoceridae
Thanerocleridae
Trogossitidae (bark-gnawing beetles)
Cucujoidea
Alexiidae
Biphyllidae (false skin beetles)
Boganiidae
Bothrideridae (dry bark beetles)
Byturidae (fruitworm beetles)
Cavognathidae
Cerylonidae (minute bark beetles)
Coccinellidae (lady beetles, or God's cows)
Corylophidae (minute fungus beetles)
Cryptophagidae (silken fungus beetles)
Cucujidae (flat bark beetles)
Cyclaxyridae
Discolomatidae
Endomychidae (handsome fungus beetles)
Erotylidae (pleasing fungus beetles)
Helotidae
Hobartiidae
Kateretidae (short-winged flower beetles)
Laemophloeidae (lined flat bark beetles)
Lamingtoniidae (Lamingtonium binnaberrense)
Latridiidae (minute brown scavenger beetles)
Monotomidae (root-eating beetles)
Myraboliidae
Nitidulidae (sap beetles)
Passandridae (parasitic flat bark beetles)
Phalacridae (shining flower beetles)
Phloeostichidae
Propalticidae
Protocucujidae
Silvanidae (silvanid flat bark beetles)
Smicripidae (palmetto beetles)
Sphindidae (dry-fungus beetles)
Curculionoidea
(weevils)
Anthribidae (fungus weevils)
Attelabidae (leaf-rolling weevils)
Belidae (primitive weevils)
Brentidae (straight snout weevils, New York weevil)
Caridae
Curculionidae (true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)
Nemonychidae (pine flower weevils)
Lymexyloidea
Lymexylidae (ship-timber beetles)
Tenebrionoidea
Aderidae (ant-like leaf beetles)
Anthicidae (ant-like flower beetles)
Archeocrypticidae (cryptic fungus beetles)
Boridae (conifer bark beetles)
Chalcodryidae
Ciidae (minute tree-fungus beetles)
Melandryidae (false darkling beetles)
Meloidae (blister beetles)
Mordellidae (tumbling flower beetles)
Mycetophagidae (hairy fungus beetles)
Mycteridae (palm and flower beetles)
Oedemeridae (false blister beetle)
Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae
Prostomidae (jugular-horned beetles)
Pterogeniidae
Pyrochroidae (fire-coloured beetles)
Pythidae (dead log bark beetles)
Ripiphoridae (wedge-shaped beetles)
Salpingidae (narrow-waisted bark beetles)
Scraptiidae (false flower beetles)
Stenotrachelidae (false longhorn beetles)
Synchroidae (synchroa bark beetles)
Tenebrionidae (darkling beetles)
Tetratomidae (polypore fungus beetles)
Trachelostenidae
Trictenotomidae
Ulodidae
Zopheridae (ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)
Elateriformia
Buprestoidea
Buprestidae (jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)
Schizopodidae
Byrrhoidea
Byrrhidae (pill beetles)
Callirhipidae (cedar beetles)
Chelonariidae (turtle beetles)
Cneoglossidae
Dryopidae (long-toed water beetles)
Elmidae (riffle beetles)
Eulichadidae (forest stream beetles)
Heteroceridae (variegated mud-loving beetles)
Limnichidae (minute mud beetles)
Lutrochidae (travertine beetles)
Psephenidae (water-penny beetles)
Ptilodactylidae
Dascilloidea
Dascillidae (soft bodied plant beetles)
Rhipiceridae (cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)
Elateroidea
Anischiidae
Artematopodidae (soft-bodied plant beetles)
Brachypsectridae (Texas beetles)
Cantharidae (soldier beetles)
Cerophytidae (rare click beetles)
Elateridae (click beetles)
Eucnemidae (false click beetles)
Lampyridae (fireflies)
Lycidae (net-winged beetles)
Omalisidae
Omethidae (false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)
Phengodidae (glowworm beetles)
Podabrocephalidae
Rhagophthalmidae
Rhinorhipidae (Rhinorhipus tamborinensis)
Throscidae (false metallic wood-boring beetles)
Scirtoidea
Clambidae
Decliniidae (Declinia relicta)
Eucinetidae (plate-thigh beetles)
Scirtidae
Scarabaeiformia
Scarabaeoidea
Belohinidae (Belohina inexpectata)
Bolboceratidae
Ceratocanthidae
Diphyllostomatidae (false stag beetles)
Geotrupidae (dor beetles)
Glaphyridae (bumble bee scarab beetles)
Glaresidae (enigmatic scarab beetles)
Hybosoridae (scavenger scarab beetles)
Lucanidae (stag beetles)
Ochodaeidae (sand-loving scarab beetles)
Passalidae (betsy beetles)
Pleocomidae (rain beetles)
Scarabaeidae (scarabs)
Trogidae (hide beetles)
Staphyliniformia
Histeroidea
Histeridae (clown beetles)
Sphaeritidae (false clown beetles)
Synteliidae
Hydrophiloidea
Epimetopidae
Georissidae (minute mud-loving beetles)
Helophoridae
Hydrochidae
Hydrophilidae (water scavenger beetles)
Spercheidae
Staphylinoidea
Agyrtidae (primitive carrion beetles)
Hydraenidae
Leiodidae (round fungus beetles)
Ptiliidae (feather-winged beetles)
Scydmaenidae (ant-like stone beetles)
Silphidae (carrion beetles)
Staphylinidae (rove beetles)
List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera
Wikispecies: Silphidae
ADW: Silphidae
BioLib: 5320
BugGuide: 167
EPPO: 1SILPF
Fauna Europaea (new): 1f86ee05-e04b-475b-9ddc-2cc934a5ea02
GBIF: 4762
IRMNG: 104896


text:
Published on June 17th, 2021 | by gareth
The Walking Dead; Season 11 Brand New Images
As part of AMC's "11 Weeks of Reveals until Season 11" of The Walking Dead, which returns Sunday, August 22 at 9pm ET/8pm CT, AMCrevealed today the Season 11 synopsis and new images:
About Season 11:
Previously on The Walking Dead, our survivors confronted past demons and combated new threats, with friendships and relationships suffering from the mounting collateral damage that is the apocalypse. Alexandria is severely compromised, left a former shell of the home it once was from the carnage and devastation left behind by the Whisperers.
Now all who live in Alexandria struggle to refortify it and feed its increasing number of residents, which include the survivors from the fall of the Kingdom and the burning of Hilltop; along with Maggie and her new group, the Wardens. Alexandria has more people than it can manage to feed and protect. Their situation is dire as tensions heat up over past events and self-preservation rises to the surface within the ravaged walls.
They must secure more food while they attempt to restore Alexandria before it collapses like countless other communities they have come across throughout the years. But where and how? More haggard and hungrier than ever before, they must dig deeper to find the effort and strength to safeguard the lives of their children, even if it means losing their own.
Meanwhile, unbeknownst to those at Alexandria, Eugene, Ezekiel, Yumiko, and Princess are still being held captive by mysterious soldiers who are members of a larger and unforthcoming group.
Tags: Season 11, The Walking Dead
New Teaser For The Walking Dead: Season 11 →
The Walking Dead Season 11 Cast Images →
The Six New Walking Dead Episodes Arrive On Feb 28th →
The Walking Dead Comes To Magic The Gathering →

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Composing or even documenting your own data item is actually some thing that many individuals outsource. Ghosting authors have the effect of a lot of publications "written" through celebs.
Whether you need to outsource this particular the main procedure depends upon just how much spare time you need to produce your own data item, your individual choice regarding composing or even documenting as well as, obviously, the money obtainable.
Product sales characters in many cases are considered greatest remaining in order to experts. Therefore, once again, these people are usually outsourced regularly. The very best copywriters cost the charge to produce a product sales notice for you personally after which may also cost the vips — in the past it was the cost for each device sent by mail, these days it is just like probably be the vips for each item offered.
You will not understand in advance set up product sales notice may be worth the cost you are becoming billed however you will be aware which (once you receive over the actual less expensive copywriters) this appears a much better possibility of operating.
Marketing of the brand new data item is actually one more thing that individuals outsource.
Of all of the different choices, this particular has become the 1 I personally use probably the most. Affiliate marketers run because fee just sales agents so when a joint venture partner having a great, receptive, e-mail checklist will get at the rear of your data item it may create a main distinction towards the product sales that you will get.
As well as, obviously, you are able to outsource the duty associated with discovering possible affiliate marketers if you wish to!
Web ripoffs tend to be harmful and building plots created by deceitful thoughts to obtain cash through others. Ripoffs tend to be used in various methods. This possibly requests assist in the actual title associated with charitable organisation or even offers some thing from a remarkably low cost without having providing something. An additional technique lets you know you have received hundreds of thousands within the lottery however you have to down payment a specific amount every single child declare the cost.
1 rip-off which i individually obtained included somebody that stated he's an attorney employed with a wealthy guy in order to find their heirs. He or she stated the actual wealthy guy, that has exactly the same loved ones title because personally, passed away without having discovering any kind of family member to deal with their lot of money. He or she requested me personally with regard to private information including my personal banking account quantity. Basically experienced desired to obtain wealthy fast, I would drop for this without having considering. You have to be cautious regarding provides which come through individuals you do not understand. Usually, they are as well great to become accurate.
Phishing is really a organized felony strategy utilized by cheaters. These people get it done through delivering phony e-mail which seem to be delivered with a financial institution, insurance providers, or even large companies.
Following lots of sweet-talking, the e-mail may request you to click a hyperlink as well as sign in utilizing a individual accounts. Whenever you follow the link, it will require you to definitely the web site voiced associated with through the e-mail, so when a person sign in together with your person title as well as pass word, you're really offering your individual info towards the individuals at the rear of this. The web site you simply joined is really a bogus 1 and also the crooks utilized this to obtain your own sign in particulars. They'll make use of which info to visit the actual website, sign in together with your particulars, as well as crop private information you've presently there for example banking account info or even charge card amounts.
Identification thievery occurs whenever you unsuspectingly provide private information such as interpersonal protection quantity, charge card quantity as well as banking account info on the internet. Crooks may use these types of to create on the internet dealings. You ought to be very cautious to not hand out private information unless of course you are certain the website is actually secure as well as dependable.
Like a senior, numerous harmful thoughts wish to make the most of your own readiness to assist as well as naive character. Don't allow this occur. Obtain the greatest of the on the internet encounter, however it is best to be mindful. The net is really a good location, however it's also house with a individuals who wish to be unfaithful to obtain simple cash.
How you can Make use of Youtube . com to create Large Bucks On the internet?
Are you aware that you may make cash with the well-liked movie discussing web site — Youtube . com? If you're one of the huge numbers of people that go to watching movies from Youtube . com then you definitely may understand how profitable this particular system is actually. These types of huge numbers of people that view movies on the internet may mint huge amount of money. However the query is actually exactly how? Right here all of us may let you know ways to generate income via this particular worldwide well-known movie web site — Youtube . com!
Determine this content: Fundamental point — You must have the movie in order to key in this particular globe. This particular movie might have content material as brief easy manual or perhaps a reside demo manual and so on. The actual comedians as well as music artists usually add well-liked movies as well as several make money within great numbers. This really is because of a primary cause which rest as well as amusement tend to be should as well as it's this that hard disks individuals to Youtube . com.
Create a construction: After you have made the decision the type of content material your own movie may function, it's time for you to reinforce your own concept. Make a fundamental construction upon types of movies that you're attempting to help to make. Try to keep the spending budget lower in the beginning. Actually this should be zero.
Produce a funnel Have you got the Youtube . com accounts? In the event that absolutely no, after that help to make 1 as if you alllow for additional web sites. After you have a merchant account, you receive an individual funnel where one can add your own movies. Help to make your own funnel because appealing as well as distinctive as you possibly can, using the awesome modifying functions that it provides.
Produce movies as well as modify all of them Right now arrives the actual difficult component. Take your own movie however be sure you are utilizing a great high quality digital camera that has powerful movie as well as sound functions. Take through various perspectives. Modify the actual movie very carefully which means that your movie talks associated with what you need to exhibit.
Add the actual movies Therefore right now, when you're completed with capturing the actual movie it is time for you to add this. Sign in for your requirements as well as add this. This method is extremely simple and thus does not require a lot description. Bear in mind in order to add the actual movie within. wmv structure with regard to much better outcome. Your own movie mustn't include any kind of copyrighted materials, otherwise very quickly your own movie is going to be removed. Name the actual movie properly as well as give a appropriate explanation into it. Consist of research labels to ensure that individuals can certainly find your own movie.
Market Market your own movie via various social networking social networking web sites.
The underside collection — "Now it is time for you to wait around watching. inch Choose the exact positioning for the movie as well as produce Search engines AdSense take into account your own funnel. As soon as the quantity of your own revenue passes across $100, you're going to get the check. Undoubtedly you'll want recognized which Youtube . com is definitely an incredible location, therefore get started as well as mint cash.
Social network is continuing to grow tremendously within it's recognition in the last 10 years through getting individuals collectively around the world. Entrepreneurs are actually beginning to observe how to take advantage of interpersonal websites such as Bebo, Myspace, as well as Tweets simply because they may make use of the users' market info as well as focus on their own advertisements properly. You will find various types of social networking marketing.
This season $3. 8 million is going to be allocated to social networking marketing globally, having a big part of this particular investing originating from ALL OF US marketplaces. Because Web utilization keeps growing within building areas of the planet as well as interpersonal web sites obtain recognition abroad, social network marketing investing outside the ALL OF US will quickly perform a significant part. Interpersonal marketing is definitely an essential brand new method of achieving clients simply because entrepreneurs are actually getting the main information that's straight sent to the folks.
You will find 3 main categories associated with Social networking Marketing: The very first kind is actually immediate marketing depending on your own system associated with buddies. This is actually the best structure however can also be probably the most questionable. Upon Myspace, your own choices could be affected through a good motion your own buddy has had. For instance, you might observe in your newsfeed that the buddy Frank offers simply purchased the COMPACT DISC through MusicWorld. Simply because individuals help to make a lot of their own buy choices depending on their own near number of buddies, this is often an efficient method to impact customers. This really is regarded as questionable simply because it may be equated in order to taking advantage of individual associations together with your buddies as well as boosts issues regarding privateness.
The 2nd kind is actually immediate marketing positioned on your own interpersonal website. This can be a conventional type of internet marketing that's minimally efficient. These types of advertisements tend to be offered because stones in the covers associated with webpages or even because banners operating lower along side it associated with webpages. The benefit of putting these types of upon interpersonal websites is actually which marketers may make the most of market information in your user profile as well as focus on the actual advert straight to a person. Additionally, these types of advertisements could be positioned through person designers on the software webpages via advert systems. These people get access to exactly the same market information and may generate profits with regard to designers as well as providing marketers a far more interesting method to get in touch with interpersonal customers. These kinds of ads tend to be minimally efficient simply because customers tend to be inundated with one of these advertisements almost everywhere they're going on the web, top these phones mostly disregard their own existence.
Another kind is actually roundabout marketing through making organizations or even webpages. This really is a cutting-edge method when a organization may produce a web page or even team which customers may decide to sign up for. The actual web page can be used to develop customers or even enthusiasts. This may be used to marketplace the competition, a brand new item, or just to improve manufacturer attention. Every day, these types of webpages publish in order to users' newsfeeds reminding all of them associated with campaigns or even services. Occasionally these types of webpages publish movies or even request queries of the enthusiasts to interact using their customers as well as produce curiosity about their own items as well as manufacturers. This is often a really efficient advertising device simply because these types of organizations develop quickly. In the event that among your pals sign up for these types of organizations, seems like quietly of the web page, compelling you to definitely "like" the actual web page too.
Hugh Herr is really a dual amputee that in no way halted hiking. Rather than sensation self-pity, he or she created the bionic prosthetic set of thighs that will assist their purpose-to maintain residing and never throwing away Albert Dow's give up. Albert dropped their existence for an influx whilst getting involved in the actual research as well as save procedure with regard to Hugh as well as their hiking companion, Shaun Batzer.
OFFERS MORE THAN 10 PATENTS This required amputating each their thighs with regard to Hugh to understand exactly what he or she desired related to existence. He or she created work from building bionic prosthetics. He's more than 10 patents, such as the avant-garde PowerFoot 1, ankle-foot prosthesis, and also the Rheo Leg. He or she obtained the give in the ALL OF US Division associated with Veterans Matters amassing in order to 7. two zillion bucks to build up biohybrid braches to assist amputees obtain life back again.
Publish amputation, Hugh grew to become recognized in neuro-scientific prosthetics, and not simply within hiking. He or she obtained the actual Youthful United states Honor within 1990 as well as had been contained in the Technology journal Following Influx: Greatest associated with 2003. Their computer-controlled leg had been called through PERIOD among the Top Innovations within the wellness class. He'll once again managed to get for their checklist using the robot ankle-foot within 2007. Hugh had been the actual receiver from the thirteenth Yearly Heinz Honor with regard to Technologies, the actual Economic climate as well as Work along with the Nature associated with Da Vinci Honor and also the Motion Maverick Honor. PERIOD called him or her the actual "Leader from the Bionic Age" as well as he or she had been showcased upon CNN's The following Checklist.
Right now, Hugh offers voiced in the IVth Globe Our elected representatives associated with Biomechanics, the actual Worldwide Meeting upon Sophisticated Prosthetics, the actual Nationwide Set up associated with Bodily Medication as well as Rehab, Globe Financial Discussion board, Search engines Zeitgeist, Electronic Existence Style, and also the TEDMED Meeting.
Their phrases in no way neglect to encourage simply because he or she demonstrated that the amputee may nevertheless stroll together with his mind upward higher.
1. He's regarded as among the greatest climbers from the UNITED STATES, pre as well as publish lower-leg amputation. two. Following he or she dropped each associated with their thighs in order to serious frostbite, he or she continued to build up PowerFoot 1, the actual planet's very first prosthesis to permit for any regular stride.
3. He's 10 co-patents/patents below their belt. four. He's voiced from exclusive meetings for example TEDMED, Globe Financial Discussion board, Search engines Zeitgeist, as well as Electronic Existence Style. 5. He or she produced the actual planet's very first driven ankle-foot prosthesis. 6. He's the very first individual having a main amputation to do inside a activity upon par along with elite-level, able-bodied individuals. 7. He or she obtained the actual thirteenth Yearly Heinz Honor with regard to Technologies, the actual Economic climate as well as Work within 2007 and also the Nature associated with Da Vinci Honor within 08. 8. He or she had been called the actual "Leader from the Bionic Age" through PERIOD Journal, exactly the same book in order to checklist two associated with their innovations (computer-controlled leg as well as robot ankle-foot) among the Top innovations within wellness class. 9. He or she started their own organization, iWalk, within 2006 as well as assisted release Absolutely no Obstacles Birkenstock boston. 10 He or she presently mind MIT Press Lab's Biomechatronics investigation group. 10. He or she had been called Really make a difference Day time Nationwide Honoree, Worldwide Teenager Innovator through We're Loved ones Basis, as well as Kohl's Cares for you Local & Nationwide Champion.


Second Degree Black Belt Andrew Smith will be conducting a seminar at the All-American Martial Arts Academy. Focus of the seminar will be using the "Kimura for Competition" cost is $70.
Andrew Smith is a second degree black belt in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, a judo black belt, and co-owner of Revolution BJJ. Andrew is sought after for his instruction, and frequently travels to teach jiu jitsu seminars.
After wrestling in high school, Andrew started training Judo at VCU Judo in January of 1997. Nine years later, Andrew received his Black Belt in Judo. In November of 2008, Andrew was awarded the rank of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu black belt by the legendary Julio "Foca" Fernandez after training with his instructor and friend Eric Burdo at Richmond Brazilian Jiu Jitsu, and in November of 2011, Andrew was awarded his first degree on his black belt. Three years later, in December 0f 2014, Andrew was awarded his second degree. Andrew has learned through "trials by fire" what works and what doesn't in competition, with over 300 grappling competition wins including: three 2008 Pan American Jiu-Jitsu Championship Gold medals at brown belt, masters (along with silver in 2003 and bronze in 2004) and 5 Virginia State Judo Championship gold medals, as well as several super fight titles. Andrew is also a 20X US Grappling champion.
Andrew has traveled to Brazil twice to train jiu-jitsu and has trained with dozens of instructors all over the country. His main focus nowadays is to ensure a high quality of training for all students at Revolution BJJ.


Kanye West is expanding his line of YEEZYS to include at least two versions of the Boost 350 that will glow in the dark. "Can't wait for these glow in the dark dark 350s," Kanye said on Twitter along with a photo of green and orange versions of the shoe.
This won't be the first time a pair of YEEZYs glowed in the dark. In 2016, there were the Grey/Gum YEEZY 750s that had a glowing outsole.
Adidas hasn't confirmed or denied that the sneaker is on the way.


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President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that China "broke the deal" in trade talks with Washington and would face stiff tariffs if no agreement is reached."You see the tariffs we're doing?" Trump told a rally with supporters in Florida. "Because they broke the deal. ... They broke the deal. So they're flying in. The vice premier tomorrow is flying in, but they broke the deal. They can't do that. So they'll be paying. If we don't make the deal, nothing wrong with taking in more than $100 billion a year.Trump has threatened to impose additional tariffs on Chinese goods beginning on Friday after China backtracked on substantial commitments it made during ongoing trade talks, top U.S. trade officials said this week.
U.S. President Donald Trump on Wednesday imposed new sanctions on Iran, targeting revenue from its exports of industrial metals, the latest salvo in tensions between Washington and Tehran over a 2015 international accord curbing the Islamic Republic's nuclear program.Iran had announced hours earlier that it was relaxing some restrictions on its nuclear program, steps that stopped short of violating the deal with world powers for now, but threatening more action if countries do not shield it from U.S. sanctions.An executive order issued by Trump covers Iran's iron, steel, aluminium, and copper sectors, the government's largest non-petroleum-related sources of export revenue and 10 percent of its export economy, a White House statement said.
U.S. President Donald Trump said on Wednesday he would be happy to keep tariffs on Chinese imports as the two countries prepare for new talks to try to rescue a faltering trade deal amid a sharp increase in U.S. duties.Beijing announced it would retaliate if tariffs rise."The Chinese side deeply regrets that if the U.S. tariff measures are implemented, China will have to take necessary countermeasures," China's Commerce Ministry said on its website, without elaborating.
China is fully prepared to defend its interests in its trade war with the United States, but hopes the United States can resolve problems through dialogue instead of unilateral steps, the Chinese commerce ministry said on Thursday.
China's factory-gate inflation in April quickened at its fastest pace in four months, buoyed by higher commodity prices and a sign demand may be starting to perk up as Beijing rolls out more stimulus.
Asian shares fell to eight-week lows on Thursday as investors waited to see whether Chinese and U.S. trade negotiators can salvage a deal to stave off the threat of fresh U.S. tariff increases, which would damage global economic growth.Chinese Vice Premier Liu He is set for talks in Washington on Thursday and Friday with U.S. officials who have complained that Beijing has backtracked on earlier commitments.
The PM has rejected calls to quit over her handling of Brexit, saying it is "not an issue about me".Theresa May was replying to Tory Brexiteer Andrea Jenkyns, who said she had "failed to deliver on her promises" and had lost public trust.Calls have been growing for the prime minister to name an exit date.The PM's spokesman said she had already promised to leave after delivering the first stage of Brexit and was sticking to that "generous and bold offer".Mrs May has agreed to address a meeting of the 1922 Committee - an elected body of Tory MPs which represents backbenchers and oversees leadership contests - next week.
Gold prices were little changed on Thursday ahead of Sino-U.S. trade negotiations, while demand for government bonds, Japanese yen and a key technical resistance limited gains for the safe-haven metal.Spot gold edged up 0.2 percent to $1,283.41 per ounce at 0741 GMT. U.S. gold futures were also 0.2 percent higher at $1,284.10.
Oil prices dropped on Thursday amid concerns over the escalating trade battle between the United States and China, despite a surprise fall in U.S. crude stockpiles.Brent crude oil futures were at $69.91 a barrel by 0600 GMT, down 46 cents, or 0.7 percent, from their previous settlement. They earlier fell more than 1 percent.U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were at $61.76 per barrel, down 36 cents, or 0.6 percent, having also declined more than 1 percent earlier.


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Cameron Adamez's favorites
* Balloon & Kite Mapping Workshop
Low-budget, no budget, need aerial images fast? Learn to map with balloons and kites.
Mathew Lippincott
* Designgineering
Open source software engineering and user interface design got off on the wrong foot. Sadly it's holding our projects back from reaching their full potential. Let's talk about how we can bring these seemingly incompatible disciplines together in perfect harmony by simply learning each other's craft, and how to get started doing so. Whether you are an engineer or a designer you will learn where to get started and how to have fun doing it.
Trevor Parscal
* Dirty Tricks of Computer Hardware: What You Don't Know Will (Probably Not) Kill You
Ever wonder what you don't know about how your computer hardware really works? Do you tire of lying to your relatives that "gremlins" are the cause of intermittent data loss and blue screens, and not just a car from the 1970s? Let's take a journey into the wonderful world of wonky hardware and find out what can be done about it!
Darrick Wong
* DIY Electric Vehicles
Everybody today has heard of electric vehicles, yet almost nobody has ever seen one, touched one, or driven one. I think this is a shame and would like to correct that. Come join me for 45 minutes of explanation and demonstration about the basics of electric vehicles from electric bicycles all the way to passenger vehicles. Building these vehicles at home is easily within the realm of anybody unafraid to pick up a few simple tools and learn a few basic concepts.
Benjamin Kero
* DIY: Creativity and Open Source
Panelists will discuss their uses of open source tools in creative applications, from design to art to hardware.
Melissa Chavez, Sarah Sharp, Cloë Latchkey, Cameron Adamez
* Expanding Your Empathy
I believe empathy is the core competency that is missing from much of the efforts to push the tech community in a direction towards more diversity of all kinds. Companies, communities and conferences cannot expect everything to magically change until they're willing to go deep and examine the systemic patterns and structures that keep underrepresented communities from feeling safe and welcome in the tech space.
Kronda Adair
* Failure and Wikipedia: how encyclopedias work
This talk is about my experience with promoting Wikipedia in Indian languages, OpenGLAM projects in India and the problems I've encountered. I also want to draw parallels to how the encyclopedia project itself, especially online works on notions of rough consensus, thereby articulating a specific political position for the community and reflecting a world view through the knowledge they produce.
noopur raval
* FiveUI: Open-source UX tests for the common good
Testing User Interfaces is hard! FiveUI [1] is here to help. While FiveUI happens to provide a handy framework for doing headless and interactive UI testing; it is really intended for sharing tests and sharing a framework for executing them. FiveUI consists of a browser extension (for Firefox and Google Chrome), a headless batch system, and a set of UI consistency guidelines. The guidelines are written in JSON and Javascript such that they remain readable and understandable to human developers, without being tied to a specific application. The guidelines can be checked on an individual web page by hand using the browser extensions, or on an entire website using the headless system. [1] http://galoisinc.github.com/FiveUI/
Benjamin Jones, Rogan Creswick
* Geek Choir - Fast!
A hands-on session in which we show how to increase team identity, cohesion, and collaboration via singing.
Michael Alan Brewer
* Hacking your Meatware: exercises you can do at your desk
You will learn about risks to your neck, shoulders, hips and core from sitting at a keyboard for hours at a time. Learn a quick 6-breath sun salutation, simple stretches, the need for regular movement. Discuss sitting, standing, walking, reclining. Simple, incremental, safe, easy.
Kurt Sussman
* How My Kids Are Learning to Program By Talking
My children have patiently tolerated a number of teach-STEM-quick schemes their dad has brought home. They've taught robots to dance, created simple animations using Scratch, and, quite frankly, made a lot of poop jokes. What's missing from these programming tools was storytelling. The ones we tried focused either on easy interactivity or expressive power. If only there were a way to combine the two... oh, wait, there was—46 years ago!
Ian Dees
* Just Don't Lick the Cookie: an open discussion about organizational dysfunction
When someone claims a task and then doesn't do anything with it, we call that "licking the cookie." Nobody in their right mind would pick up and eat the licked cookie or finish the project. In this session well talk about common forms of organizational dysfunction, and then facilitate a group discussion about working around, over, under or through organizational dysfunctions you've encountered.
Kellie Brownell, Sumana Harihareswara
* Kicking Impostor Syndrome In The Head
Impostor syndrome -- the persistent belief that any minute everyone around you is going to figure out you're not at all qualified -- happens to a majority of the tech industry; nobody talks about it, because nobody wants to be the first to admit it. This talk confronts that feeling head-on, and addresses ways to readjust your perceptions of your accomplishments to accurately reflect reality.
Denise Paolucci
* Lessons From X
Lessons I've learned from 25 years of participation in perhaps the longest-running end-user-facing Open Source project.
Bart Massey
* Let The Internet Work For You
Creating a successful Open Source project isn't intuitive, or easy. Converting a brilliant idea into a working code base, then publishing it to Github (with significant adoption) is hard enough, nevermind building an ideal development and release workflow. Sometimes, getting your OSS code out to the community is the easy part -- then the real work ensues. Juggling between the roles of; creator, maintainer and contributor while managing the interests of the group effort (IRC, mailing lists etc) and issue trackers can quickly scale from simple and exciting, to a time consuming full time job. I plan to take you on a ride, demonstrating how Open Source developers can leverage free service offerings (for open source) to make your life as a project maintainer easier and more rewarding; from development and QA automation through to continuous deployment.
Sebastian Tiedtke
* Leveling up in DevOps: the Art of Bad Shell Scripts
What are the core differences in a DevOps intern, a beginner DevOpsian, and a senior DevOpsian?
Emily Slocombe
* Library of the future: building the Multnomah County Library website
The Multnomah County Library website has combined Drupal, Solr Search, Nginx, Varnish and a host of other technologies to build a highly scalable web infrastructure. The site takes advantage of responsive design techniques to provide patrons—the people who check out the books—with an impressive mobile experience.
Joshua Mitchell
* Morning Keynote: Ashe Dryden
It's been scientifically proven that more diverse communities and workplaces create better products and the solutions to difficult problems are more complete and diverse themselves. Companies are struggling to find adequate talent. So why do we see so few women, people of color, and LGBTQ people at our events and on the about pages of our websites? Even more curiously, why do 60% of women leave the tech industry within 10 years? Why are fewer women choosing to pursue computer science and related degrees than ever before? Why have stories of active discouragement, dismissal, harassment, or worse become regular news?
Ashe Dryden
* Open Sourcing Depression
In the spirit of open source, I'd like to shine a spotlight on depression. Not because it's easy, but because it's important. Mental illness affects many of us, but the stigma attached to it dissuades most people from talking about it openly. That's not how we make progress. With this talk, I want to do my part.
Edward Finkler
* Polling: It's Good Enough for the WWW & It's Good Enough for You
Lately everyone loves pushing: you get push notifications on your iOS device, cloud to device messages on your Android device, and something about web sockets. Pushing seems natural. "Hey! I have some data for you, let me send it to you," says the pusher. Too bad it doesn't scale effectively.
Jessica Lynn Suttles
* Remote Pair Programming
Remote Pair Programming: my setup, some advice, and a live demo^H^H stress test
Sam Livingston-Gray
* Robotron Autopsy: Learning About Hardware From Vintage Video Games
Studying and building hardware is easier than you think. Using software concepts as a metaphor, I will reverse-engineer the 1982 arcade game machine "Robotron: 2084" and reimplement it in modern hardware.
Jared Boone
* Rust: A Friendly Introduction
Conventional wisdom says that writing high-performance code means working without the safety net of credible compile-time safety checks. Mozilla Research (a community of researchers, engineers, and volunteers) is trying to prove that conventional wisdom wrong by building Rust, a new systems programming language. Rust takes advantage of well-understood programming language technology to combine aggressive compile-time error checking with the high degree of direct control over the machine necessary to write efficient systems programs. By way of examples, I'll teach you how to use Rust to write fast and trustworthy code.
Tim Chevalier
* Search-first writing for non-writers
Search-first writing makes you think about the structure of your document and product as a series of topics, instead of a big book. The days of linear documentation are over, or at least numbered. Users are much more likely to come to documentation through searches. As an open source creator, you may not have a writer to help you out with this, so how can you maximize their return on your minimal investment?
Heidi Waterhouse
* Shall We Play A Game?
In just 1.5 hours, I will help you craft a computer game AI that will consistently beat you and your friends.
* Sharing Beyond "Sharing": Fostering an Open Sharing Culture in the Philippines
Filipinos are known for sharing. From chain text messages, to photos, to videos, even to gossip and covering recent events in our own little communities, there seems to be an openness to sharing information: in fact, the Philippines is the so-called "social networking capital of the world". But can this openness to sharing information translate into the open source movement? I seek to provide possible answers to that question.
Josh Lim
* Study Design: the best model for a cat is... a cat!
With good study design you can state how confident you are that you have a cat. You can hypothesis test your cat--is my cat like other cats or is it a dog? You can even design an experiment to determine the correct feeding time for your cat.
Mary Anne Thygesen
* Test Driven Development with AngularJS
Learn how to practice test driven development in JavaScript using AngularJS
Joe Eames
* The Care and Feeding of Volunteers: Lessons from Non-Profits and OSS
Volunteers are the lifeblood of OSS projects. From behemoths like the Linux Foundation to every little project on SourceForge, volunteers keep things moving forward. Retaining happy and motivated volunteers is a crucial step in creating a healthy organization. In this talk, I will discuss the whys and wherefors of encouraging and directing your volunteers in the context of both traditional non-profits and OSS projects.
Kat Toomajian
* Using Secure Boot for the powers of good
Secure Boot is a technology for limiting the files that computers will boot. Used wrongly, it restricts user freedom and turns computers into appliances. How can we use it for real improvements in security without losing the ideals of general purpose computing?
Matthew Garrett
Display proposals...
Favorite proposals for this user
* A/B Testing How-To for Web Applications
Multivariate Testing (also called A/B or Split Testing) lets you determine the best "choice" by showing each choice to a subset of your customers and measuring the results. Of course, you've already heard about it since Google has been doing these sorts of experiments for years, but how to begin? I'll show you the tools you'll need and code you'll write, with plenty of examples. I'll share tips and tricks from the trenches to improving your customer experiments.
Cooking 2013-02-25 19:18:55 +0000
Howard Abrams
* Agile Crafting
Estimating the time a project will take is pretty much the hardest thing in software, and I don't think that's any different for any other crafting deliverable. Of course, sometimes we have done something so often that we KNOW it takes 50 minutes to make a batch of raspberry jam, but that's not the same as estimation. So if we can't rely on our own estimation, or that of others, what can we do? We can timebox from the other direction. Instead of trying to figure out how long something will take, we can decide how long we have to spend on it. After all, you are the boss of your creative experiences. If you don't deliver on time, it's disappointing, but probably not the end of your career.
Hacks 2013-03-01 20:20:52 +0000
* cassis.js: Code That Runs in both JS & PHP - Natively
This talk is about how I use language hacks to run the same code natively on PHP and Javascript (JS), which I call CASSIS for Client And Server Scripting Implementation Subset. I'll describe how I discovered CASSIS, how to use the open source library cassis.js to write middleware logic once for both client & server, and real-world use cases including where I've successfully deployed cassis.js for years (even as an essential part of my own site tantek.com).
Tantek Çelik
* Come Make a Map: Completely Custom, Open Source Maps with TileMill
Map making doesn't have to be hard. Anyone can do it. And we'll show you how, using the open source design studio TileMill. Come make a map!
Justin Miller
* Cryptography: Demystified
Understanding and Trusting Cryptography
Renning Bruns
* Driving Open Data - Dragging 20th Century Institutions into the 21st Century
Most open data comes from organizations that are already open, or want to be open. How do we access the massive amount of data locked in institutions with no incentive for openness?
Business 2013-03-23 06:20:53 +0000
Ryan Urabe
* Fluff: Collaborating to Publish a Fiberarts Magazine Using Open Source Tools
The handspinning community needed an online magazine; we're using open source software to make it happen
Culture 2013-03-24 02:59:06 +0000
* Getting more women to be a part of FOSS
The FOSS statistic of male vs female contributors is really shocking and for absolutely no definite reason should this be so. Wouldn't it be fair for all and a great thing to happen if the ratio could be brought close to 50-50? Why so less number of female contributors in FOSS? What are they scared about?
Priyanka Nag
* Guerrilla Open Source
Come hear tales of how Open Source can survive, and even thrive, within the confines of some of the world's largest technology companies.
Joshua Ballanco
* Hack Your Health With Open Source Tools
The DIY Health Manifesto is an empowerment manual to your own wellness minus the fear mongering and red tape of the American health care establishment. Let's examine the many ways we can measure, control and improve our own health, right here and now, using open source tools and a host of other accessible methods.
Domenika Radonich Leto
* Hacking Conference Tshirts
Know how you get all those great free tshirts at conferences? Don't you hate how they never seem to fit your feminine figure? Or worse yet, all that's left is sizes that are too big or too small! This talk will show easy modifications and alternative uses for those awesome conference tshirts!
Augustina Blair
* Janus wasn't a bad guy: Solving real problems using a key-value store inside a relational database.
We demonstrate how we used hstore inside a Postgres database to elegantly solve the problem of generating solid business-intelligence from the dregs of emailed PDF and Excel files.
Chemistry 2013-03-11 20:18:46 +0000
Laurie Kemmerer, Dave Miller, Ravi Gadad
* Licensing Your Open Source Project
What are the differences between the MIT license and the BSD license? How do you know whether the GPL is compatible with your project and its libraries? What license should you pick for contributors and users? Learn the differences between the major open source licenses and their uses, plus the one license that you shouldn't use if you want major adoption of your work.
Brandon Savage
* Linux Containers: You probably didn't need a VM anyway
Containerization is an often overlooked option for when one needs to solve a problem typically involving the need to create temporary machines to test things or to logically separate machines. I'm here to show you how you can do all this from your laptop without burning your lap, requiring an hour and a half for installation, or filing bugs against IT folks or forking over cash for more cloud instances. Let me explain why LXC is the best option for testing new software and is also an excellent option for taking advantage of production hardware. Topics covered will be basic concepts, installing, cloning, and destroying containers as well as advanced concepts and stupid tricks.
* Noise detected using arduino
Getting Started with Arduino using Linux, controling LEDs and sense.
Julita Inca
* On Freelancing: Opensource == Food?
We all love great opensource projects and great food, and luckily one can make the other for us!
Martha Chumo
* Open Sourcing Book Publishing
You've got a great idea for a book. You write a publisher. You get accepted! Then you find out that they'll pay you $500 and a 10% royalty for your book rights, in exchange for your heart and soul over the next six months. You're crushed. Is there a better way? There certainly is!
* Opposing Authority in Open Source
In this talk I'll showcase insights we can garner from left wing anti-establishment movements such as community radio stations, unions and cooperatives and how you can use those techniques to grow, scale and manage open source communities, while still dismantling the authority.
Francesca Krihely
* Pinoccio - Building an Open Hardware Company, Year 1
From starting an open-hardware business, to designing user-centric products, to running a successful crowdfunding campaign, to managing manufacturing and fulfillment. There are lots of unknowns. We'll cover all the gory details of how we started Pinoccio, including lucky breaks and silly mistakes.
Eric Jennings, Sally Carson
* Put people first: Navigating the bazaar of open source libraries
npm has almost 25,000 packages. CPAN has over 114,000 modules. Drupal has over 20,000 add-ons, and there are 23,000+ plugins just at Wordpress.org. Where does one start? Put people first.
Rob Martin
* Put the "Ops" in "Dev": What Developers Need to Know About DevOps
With so many tools to insulate us, its difficult to see that luxury can come with hidden costs. Those hidden costs may include security, performance, scalability and maintainability. Startups may let developers lay down the infrastructure which can create some major headaches down the road if done incorrectly.
Lance Albertson, Kenneth Lett, Justin Dugger, Rudy Grigar
* The Case for Everyday Crypto
Personal encryption is dearly needed in an increasingly surveilled world. I will talk about the user experience problems and lack of education that prevent widespread adoption and habit-forming of secure communication and circumvention software tools.
* The Fourth 'R'
As technology continues to grow at an increasing rate, why is our educational system stuck in a pre-technology age? Why is programming rarely taught even at the higher levels of schooling? Why do stereotypes of the isolated, nerdy programmer continue to linger, driving away smart, creative people from computer science degrees?
Davy Stevenson
* The Social Web has become a Hostile Web and How We Start Fixing That
There's a bodega across the street from the loft where my partner and I live. To get there, I walk out the door and up to a crosswalk, there's a button that activates warning lights indicating that someone's in the crosswalk which I press, and then cross the busy street. I walk into the market, get a six pack of my favorite IPA, pay cash for it, and return home. Now, let's go shopping online! Here's a suggested list of steps for using a browser safely as given by the CTO of a security company. And this list only covers browsing, not shopping. # Uninstall client-side Java. # All browser plugins should NOT auto-run, instead configured to "click-to-play." # Install security and privacy protecting add-ons including Adblock, Disconnect, Ghostery, Collusion, and NoScript. # this list continues for several more steps... I'd also suggest installing some software that alerts you to unexpected outgoing requests your computer is making. And all of this before typing anything into the URL bar, or the search box (by the way, did you turn autocomplete off?) All of those steps are like having to put on body armor, hard hat, safety googles, and goalie pads just to cross the street to my local market. Worst of all, I have to understand the underpinnings of the web to see why I'd want to take those steps. Something's gone terribly wrong with the web.
Bill Humphries
* Thinking inside the box: Using Things of the Internet to monitor the Internet of Things.
Why use closed source or closed platform tools to monitor the "Internet of Things" when the sysadmin community has been using open source monitoring tools for years?
Donald Delmar Davis
* What Hath Von Neumann Wrought?
I've sub-titled this presentation "skeptical musings of a reluctant cyborg." I'm mostly going to talk about computational journalism, but don't be surprised if some science fiction finds its way into the discussion.
M. Edward (Ed) Borasky
* Why Should a Student Click that "EDIT" Button?
Why should a student click that EDIT button? I would like to discuss how contributing to various Wikimedia Project benefits the students and why they should care about it.
Arnav Sonara
* A Snapshot of Open Source in West Africa
Ever wonder why Wikipedia fund raising focuses that much on Africa? Are you curious about what Open Source means for West Africans? What it is used for and where it is going? Join to hear real world examples about us trying to build communities and businesses around open source in West Africa.
Renaud Gaudin
* Accessibility in Mobile Platforms: Bridging Divides
Mobile devices are changing the way we interact with the web, both as media consumers and social beings. We will explore the opportunities and challenges this change brings to users with disabilities.
Eitan Isaacson
* Anti-Censorship Best Practices: How to Make Keeping it up Easy and Taking it Down Hard
What do bananas have to do with censorship? What do polyamorous people have in common with fax machines? How can you help your ideas have cyber-sex? In this far-reaching seminar, join Social Justice Technologist and free software developer maymay as he explains the 101's of how to make keeping your content up easy and taking it down hard. More important than merely a crash-course on tools, learn the fundamentals of how to build anti-censorship techniques directly into your publishing process using nothing more technologically complex than copy-and-paste. Whether you're a non-technical individual or a savvy multi-national organization, you'll discover how you can put data portability, distributed publishing, and censorship circumvention tactics to use right away in order to stay one step ahead of those who would call you "obscene."
Meitar Moscovitz
* Building the Open Source Battle Rifle
A look at the technical and legal issues surrounding home construction of firearms, focusing on semi-automatic AK-47 style rifles.
Beth Flanagan
* Cutting Through the Crap: The Essence of Content on the Future Web
The mobile revolution has shown us that our content management and web publishing technologies are entangled and flawed. But by thinking deeply and re-examining the essence of our content, we can help to architect a flexible future for the web.
Lyza Gardner
* Design and Command Line Applications
Design has permeated our culture and our tools, but the software you're building doesn't have a graphical interface. That doesn't exempt you from thinking about user experience design! Learn how UX principles apply to even basic command line scripts.
Pieter van de Bruggen
* Don't Fear Unicode
Unicode isn't new, but it still seems hard when your starting at the beginning and haven't even been told the difference between a glyph, a codepoint, a character and a byte. Every year there are talks and tutorials at conferences about it, but if you haven't grasped the basics, you can feel frustrated and lost much too quickly. This talk will cover the essentials of Unicode, locale and how they affect things like regular expressions, reading and writing files and sending data out to the world. Perl will be the programming language used to demonstrate these ideas, but much of the content should be accessible to all programmers.
Jacinta Richardson
* How and When to Do It Wrong
Constraints make good art. Everyone knows the right way to design and implement software — but is the wrong way really so bad? This talk demonstrates unconventional approaches to solving common and real problems and explores their benefits and drawbacks.
Chromatic X
* How Much Work Does it Take and What Is it Like to Integrate an Android SW Stack on a Gadget?
We all know about the Android Open Source project and that in theory anyone can make an android device with their very own customised AOSP ROM. But, what is it like to work on something using AOSP. How deep is that rabbit hole anyway?
Mark Gross
* How to Encrypt Your Content on Any Website: Privly
Privly lets you post content on the web (Facebook, Gmail, Twitter, Diaspora, ..., everywhere) without letting host sites have access to your data. Come find out how to un-send emails and manage your data across many websites simultaneously.
Sean McGregor, Sanchit Karve, Jennifer Davidson
* Keynote: Fear, Uncertainty, and Dopamine
Beer, cookies, psychopathy, happiness, regret—these are all things the world's greatest scientists have studied in detail. Learn how humans work, and how to get the most out of interacting with them.
Paul Fenwick
* Logic Lessons That Last Generations
In the 1980s, my grandfather reached onto the bookshelves of his cigar-smoke-seasoned garage laboratory and pulled down a three-ring binder that would change my life. Come hear how a 50-year-old introduction to binary logic has managed to stay relevant after all these decades, and what it means for our own efforts to teach and document technical subjects.
* Lye: How a Musician Built a Music Box
Musicians tend to demand specialized tools for computer-aided music generation. Come listen to me dissect a tool I wrote to satisfy my needs.
Corbin Simpson
* Model Data Without Making Tables — A Pervasive Linked Data Stack
Want to be agile? Why bother modeling your data with a static table, declaring classes, and setting up mapping from tables to objects and finally to HTML and back again? The linked data standard presents a more powerful data model, and lets you use your website itself as a database.
Leif Warner
* Open Education Tools for Mentoring and Learning
The internet is full of information. Some of this information was made to help people learn. A subset exists under open licenses. These open educational resources (OERs) are used all over the world for learning and teaching. This talk will cover what some of them are and explore ways they have been (and can be) used for mentors and self-learners--both as individuals and in peer-study groups.
Molly de Blanc
* Open Source and Intellectual Property - Busting [some of] the Myths
"If it's open source, that means it's public domain, right?" "Well, it's fair use if you only copy 5% of it." "I know, let's get a trademark and then nobody can use our idea!" A discussion of common myths about intellectual property and how it applies to open source.
Paula Holm Jensen
* Pro-Style Code Review
Code review is awesome. Do more of it.
Lennon Day-Reynolds
* Rise of the Indie Web
Meet the pioneers of the new Indie Web, learn what's changed, and how you too can reclaim your content, your data, your online identity. Join our panelists as they debate a variety of different approaches and learn how you too can get started and join the new Indie Web.
* Text Lacks Empathy
Have you ever written a nice friendly email and gotten a reply that seems like they read a whole different email? Textual communication has special problems. This talk will help you mitigate them: ensuring that what you mean to say is what is understood; interpreting messages that seem totally out of whack; and increasing empathic bandwidth.
Michael Schwern, Noirin Plunkett
* The Art of Open Source DJing
Conditions are rough for an aspiring DJ. More and more venues are starting to care if their performers have a license for their music, and the cost of software, hardware, and music is often more than they would care to spend. Thankfully one does not have to sacrifice on quality when replacing two of these with gratis components.
* The Bacomatic 5000: Migrating from Arduino/AVR to ARM Using Libmaple
Using open source hardware and software I will present migration paths from the Arduino to a more powerful architecture without significant cost increase or having to relearn everything.
* Thriving in Chaos: An Introduction to Systems Thinking
For centuries we have learned to solve problems with a linear approach. This originated with Isaac Newton in the sevententh century and assumes that everything in the world is connected through cause and effect. Systems thinking throws away that assumption and examines the universe as small pieces connected into a complex network. You will learn how a systems thinking approach can be used to create robust groups that don't have leaders.
Alex Kroman
* Understand "Inform 7" as Teh Awesome.
Y'know those "Interactive Fiction" (IF) text-adventure thingies? Inform 7 is a language for writing IF in the style of English prose. It's also a neat idea for general modeling. Let's build a simple world together while learning some of what Inform 7 is about.
* Using XMonad for a No-Nonsense, Highly Productive Linux Desktop Experience
Many Linux desktop environments try to be easy to use for the average user, but that's not you. You're at your computer all day writing code; you don't want to mess around with *dragging windows* or (ugh) watching *animated transitions*. David Brewer will demonstrate how by using xmonad, a tiling window manager, you can free yourself from the tyranny of the mouse.
David Brewer
* When Google Maps Gives You Lemons, Make Lemonade
Make your life sweeter by replacing Google Maps with open-source alternatives.
Wm Leler
* Stack up the Stacks: a Comparison of Modern Web Development Tools.
Comparing RoR, Node.js, Django, Lift, and Spring MVC in code.
Nick Muhonen
* Dear Lazyconference, let's talk about your favorite web application framework.
Me: experienced Symfony 1 developer trying to decide whether to make the jump to Symfony 2 or to another web application framework. You: opinionated and passionate users of other MVC-style frameworks. Together we'll form an impromptu un-panel to compare and contrast our toolkits.
* Fighting meatware bit-rot at your desk
Sitting with your arms and attention forward shortens and tightens your pectorals, and doing nothing with your upper back unbalances the muscles that keep the bones in your shoulders and arms aligned. This makes your shoulders easier to to injure during your frisbee golf game. So let's do something to engage your upper back. This will also give you a sense of how your back and shoulders might feel when your upper body posture is aligned...
* Handcrafted Code: The Device Paradigm and Implications for Developers
The Technological Age has seen the reshaping of the physical and social realities of our world like no other. Since the dawn of the Enlightenment, modern technology (before it even existed) has been heralded as our salvation from a variety of evils (disease, starvation, burdensome labor, boredom, etc...). The philosophy of technology seeks to understand this trend and the relation of technology to science, culture, and nature.
Jonathan Lipps
* I own that file. I can prove it.
Scenario: You're the lead in a team software project for school. One week from the deadline, you get a call from the Dean. Somebody's taken your project requirements document and uploaded it to rent-a-l33t-coder.com. Your fingerprints are all over the doc. You're accused of cheating and threatened with expulsion from school. What do you do?
Daniel Sauble
* Life, Zen, and the API
The concept of the API, we all know it, we all use it, but do we really understand it? This talk seeks to deconstruct the API and discuss it's usefulness for everything from your web app, to your coffee, to your marriage
John Metta
* Opening Open Source: Making Your Project Friendly to Everyone
Many open source projects run into the question: how do we get more people involved? How do we grow our contributors? How do we make our community more diverse?
Pam Selle
* Pirate Radio and Open Source: The power of subversive technology
Running a radio station is hard, but OSS software helps to fill the gaps. Hear about how House of Sound, Portland's largest free-form radio station (with around 40 DJs per week) uses open source software to solve hard problems like archiving shows, doing playback, improving audio quality, and streaming to the masses on a budget. I'll also talk about the share culture of pirate radio, how it's similar to OSS, and why I think the pirate radio movement has a very important role in the future of our culture.
Kyle Drake
* Reading Rainbow: How to Read Code and Documentation
One of the best methods for learning new coding techniques is to read open source code. However, unlike normal books, code isn't meant to be read from top to bottom, beginning to end. Instead, code is more like a choose-your-own-adventure book, where each function can take you down a different path. I'll highlight some well documented open source projects, what makes them easy to get started for readers, and how to get started learning a new technology. For veteran developers, this talk will point out common pitfalls in documentation and how to avoid them for beginners.
Jerry Cheung
* Small business mistakes
You have a great business idea and your friends and colleagues are supportive and tell you that you can do it. The forms have been filled in, you've said goodbye to your rat-race job, and you're investing your energy into getting things done. Still, despite how compelling your idea is, you're not making any money and your savings are dwindling. What are you doing wrong? Come to this talk to find out a list of common small business mistakes.
* Take a code break, and hack your brain with a foreign language!
How I used free, available and Open Source technology for 1 year and 3 months to teach myself a conversational level of German. It can be applied to learning any foreign language, and anyone can do it!
Adam Christian
* The Mathematics of Human-Computer Interaction
Why do most computer interfaces flop? Why do so few succeed? Is it magic, or is there a method to the madness? Learn about some of the mathematical underpinnings of human-computer interaction, starting with Fitts' law in one-dimension and ending with the Accot-Zhai steering law in two.
* What Open Education Can Learn From Open Source
While FLOSS projects aim to acquire contributors, Open Education projects look to acquire users. This talk will look at the current state of Open Education, FLOSS projects are successful in both open and functional contexts, and what FLOSS can do for open education.


For infants, observing and interacting with others is a crucial aspect of social development. This research project will increase our understanding of infants' neural processing during social interactions. As a PhD student, you will investigate the infants' neural mirroring system, the factors that enhance or diminish mirroring, and study the implications of these processes for imitation learning.
This PhD position is embedded in the SAPIENS project, a pan-European Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network (EU Horizon 2020 Programme), in which 15 early-stage researchers investigate how the dynamics of early social exchanges support the development of the social brain. SAPIENS combines advances in ecological, mobile real-time brain and behaviour measurement, data modeling and artificial intelligence approaches to train a new generation of researchers in implementing these ground-breaking approaches to early social development.
You will be supervised by Prof. Sabine Hunnius and Dr. Robert Oostenveld and will be part of the BabyBRAIN group of the Donders Institute (DI). The BabyBRAIN group examines the developmental mechanisms and neurocognitive changes underlying early social-cognitive development (see http://www.dcc.ru.nl/babybrain). The experimental work will be conducted at the Baby and Child Research Center (BRC) and the Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging. Methodological advancements will be implemented and disseminated as part of the FieldTrip data analysis toolbox. You will be based at Radboud University, but research visits are planned to collaborators at other research sites within the network (e.g. Birkbeck College, University of London and iMotions, Copenhagen).
You will work in an interdisciplinary team of cognitive psychologists, developmental scientists and neuroscientists at the DI. The DI is a world-class interfaculty research centre, and houses more than 600 researchers devoted to understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of the human mind. It offers excellent research facilities, including a large infant lab (www.babyandchild.nl) and advanced EEG, eye movement registration and motion tracking labs. Furthermore, the DI is home to the world-leading EEG data analysis software (www.fieldtriptoolbox.org).
Research in the DI is focused around four themes: (1) Language and communication; (2) Perception, action and control; (3) Plasticity and memory; and (4) Brain networks and neuronal communication. Recently, the DI was assessed by an international evaluation committee as excellent and recognized as a "very stimulating environment for top researchers, as well as for young talent". The DI fosters a collaborative, multidisciplinary, supportive research environment with a diverse international staff. The lingua franca of the Institute is English. Radboud University offers a parental leave scheme and day care on campus.
Preference will be given to candidates with an MSc in cognitive neuroscience, psychology, biomedical science, engineering science or a related field who are highly motivated to conduct challenging interdisciplinary research. You will have affinity with experimental psychology, neuroscience and/or neurotechnology. Demonstrable experience with techniques for quantitative data analysis and programming (e.g. MATLAB) is highly desirable. Due to the international and interdisciplinary nature of the research group, good collaborative and communication skills are essential.
•	you will be able to make use of our Dual Career Service (https://www.ru.nl/english/working-at/why-work-at-radboud-university-0/our-way-working-personal-approach/dual-career-service/) where our Dual Career Officer will assist with family related support, such as child care, and help your partner prepare for the local labour market and with finding an occupation.
The intended start date is 1 September 2019. You will be part of the Donders Graduate School for Cognitive Neuroscience.
Due to the mobility requirements of Marie Sklodowska-Curie actions, you may not have resided in the Netherlands for more than 12 months during the past 3 years.
Functional analysis of fungal effector proteins in the barley/wheat powdery mildew plant-pathogen interactions.
Do Altered host-microbial interactions promote oral inflammation during ageing?
A Scalable Framework for Trustworthy Marketplaces: developing a novel framework for online marketplaces to facilitate safe, secure and dynamic multi-party interactions.


From its origins as a centre for agriculture, Stratford has gone from a dilapidated industrial region to a vital transport hub and essential shopping destination in the space of a few short years.
As with much of east London in the last century, Stratford, along with Bow, Limehouse and the rest of Canary Wharf was considered an area to avoid for those looking to buy property in London. The collapse of the shipping industry that had fuelled much of this region had left these areas depressed and therefore undesirable for potential investors.
What a difference a few years can make, the resurgence of Canary Wharf and the Isle of Dogs as a centre for big business, coupled with the expansion of central London and the investment in infrastructure leading up to and following the London 2012 Olympics, has seen Stratford transformed into one of the most popular regions for those looking to buy or rent property in east London.
The Stratford Shopping Centre, built in 1974, was joined by the larger Westfield shopping centre in 2011 and between them they provide one of the most comprehensive and engaging shopping experiences in London. Playing host to millions of shoppers every year. The influx of visitors to the region has provided a real boost to the local economy and as a result many young professionals and students have decided to call Stratford home.
House prices and rental rates in Stratford have steadily increased over the past few years, however, they are still comparatively cheap and as such renters looking to move to east London have taken advantage. Investors have also reaped the rewards as the increase in demand has seen them maximise their investment yield.
Aside from the shopping, it is Stratford's status as a significant transport hub that makes it the ideal environment for commuters working in either the City or Canary Wharf. Stratford international, as the name suggests offers both national and international travel to commuters via regular Eurostar services. Whilst Stratford Station serves Greater Anglia Rail, the DLR and Overground services. Offering easy access to both Canary Wharf and Bank in less than 15 minutes.
If you are looking to buy or rent property in Stratford, or indeed if you would like to take advantage of the burgeoning demand for rental properties in E15 and would like information on any buy to let investment opportunities, then please don't hesitate to contact our expert team of sales and lettings agents via the contact details below.


Franzen Architects is looking to hire an Intern Architect (intern has a different meaning in architecture) who is driven to become a licensed architect.
Posted by Willy Franzen on November 20, 2007. Jobs updated daily.
Displaying 1-10 of 7,249 results.
Today we have our first One Day, One Job exclusive job posting. You won't find this job anywhere else.
J.P. Franzen Associates Architects is a 10-person architectural design firm in Southport, CT. Jack Franzen, principal of J.P. Franzen Associates Architects, has built a strong local reputation by taking on a mix of residential, commercial, and institutional projects. Franzen is especially well known for his high-end, upscale home designs and his commitment to historic preservation projects. He is also a a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects.
Franzen Architects is looking to hire an Intern Architect (intern has a different meaning in architecture) who is driven to become a licensed architect in the near future. This is not by definition an entry-level position, but for a skilled candidate exceptions will be made. At the very least, applicants should have graduated from an undergraduate or graduate architecture program and had summer experience at an architecture firm. To be considered for the position, it also essential that you are a CAD biathlete (fast and accurate). Working at Franzen Architects will provide a young architect with the opportunity to get hands-on experience with a variety of exciting projects, while at the same time offering mentorship from the firm's experienced professionals. If you are serious about your passion for architecture and willing to push yourself for fast advancement, this is a great opportunity to become a key contributor in a small firm.
Franzen Architects offers exceptional benefits and compensation. Their office has a panoramic view of Southport Harbor and the multi-million dollar homes (some of which were designed by the firm) that line the shores. Southport, CT is a one-hour train ride from New York City, so a reverse commute is a definite possibility.
All interested applicants can send a cover letter and a resume to dfattibene@franzenarchitects.com.
Don't bother trying to search for more info on J.P. Franzen Associates Architects, they don't even have a website. Do read this article which quotes Jack Franzen on the Future of Architecture as a Profession.
UPDATE: If you're looking for Southport architects, check out the website for J.P. Franzen Associates Architects.
Note: On April 21st we revisited entry-level jobs at J.P. Franzen Associates Architects.


Predictions of catastrophic water shortages may seem like apocalyptic visions of the future, but water crises are indeed a fact of modern life already. Natural factors like drought have left some reservoirs depleted, while siphoning of historical water sources have transformed freshwater bodies into dusty shadows of their former selves.
What used to be one of the largest freshwater bodies in the world is now mostly desert. After Soviet-era decisions to divert water for agricultural projects from this lake that touches what is now Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, the Aral Sea has continued to shrink over the decades, down to about 10% of its original footprint.
Prolonged drought brought Cape Town, South Africa to the brink of "Day Zero," when the city would run out of usable water. Extreme water saving measures were enacted and in February of last year, Day Zero was moved to 2019 and some restrictions were relaxed.
People queue to collect water from a spring in the Newlands suburb of Cape Town on Jan. 25, 2018.
People fill up containers with spring water in Cape Town on Jan. 25, 2018.
The Theewaterskloof Dam, which supplies most of Cape Town's potable water, is seen from above near Villiersdorp, South Africa on Feb. 20.
Water levels are seen at about 24% full at Voelvlei Dam, one of the regions largest water catchment dams, near Cape Town on Nov. 8, 2017.
Residents fill up a containers with water from a polluted river.
Australia is already a particularly dry continent, but recent droughts have been some of the worst in memory.
A lone tree stands near a water trough in a drought-effected paddock on the outskirts of town of Walgett, in New South Wales on July 20, 2018.
A truck stirs up dust on a road in the town of Walgett, Australia.
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