text:
LECTURES/WORKSHOPS
GRANTS/BURSARIES
The Douglas Johnson Lecture
Society Workshops
Burdens: Opportunities: Expectations: Political Legacies in Post-Revolutionary France:
An International Workshop in Honour of Professor Malcolm Crook.
La Maison Française d'Oxford – Monday 24 January 2011.
This research colloquium brings together historians of nineteenth and and twentieth-century France to explore the issue of 'political legacies'. It is one that overshadows, of course, the history of a country that has lived with the profound and ambiguous legacy of its revolution. That was a political movement devoted to liberty, although what that liberty actually and was and how it would be realized, were open questions then and thereafter.
As historians, we often talk about the 'burden' of the past - and it was often the case that a political legacy served to constrain the way that people thought about the present, seeing it through the hopes and fears that had been experienced by previous generations. But political legacies often had a more positive impact that that suggests. They served to shape the way in which contemporaries sought to harness the opportunities of the present, and orient the expectations of the future. In short, we shall focus on the dynamic and ambiguous nature of political legacies as one of the ways in which the past inevitably shapes the political space of the present.
The colloquium will be an occasion to examine the role of political legacies in a comparative light, and to explore what other disciplines (notably political science) have to tell us about political legacies. It will also be a moment for British historians to honour the contribution of Professor Malcolm Crook to the discipline of French History, notably through his many years as editor of French History.
Welcome from the Directeur de la Maison Française (M. Luc Borot)
First Session : Political Legacies and the French Revolution
Michel Biard (Rouen), '« Machine jacobine » et « centralisation jacobine », deux fantasmes historiographiques revisités à l'aune d'un exemple local : la Société populaire de Honfleur'. [mp3]
Alan Forrest (York), `A Military Legacy: The Army and Politics in Nineteenth-Century France'. [mp3]
Chair and Discussant: Julian Swann. [mp3]
Second Session: The Weight of Political Legacies in Nineteenth and early Twentieth-Century France
Julian Wright (Durham) Between the present and the future? the uncertain reformist legacy of French socialism'. [mp3]
Christophe Prochasson (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris): 'François Furet, la revolution et le futur passe de la gauche'. [mp3]
Chair and Discussant: Colin Heywood (Nottingham) [mp3]
Third Session: The Legacies of the Recent Past
Robert Gildea (Worcester College, Oxford), The Legacy of the Resistance in the oral testimony of 1968 activists. [mp3]
Sudhir Hazareesingh (Balliol College, Oxford), The Myth of Charles De Gaulle [mp3]
Jean-Pascal Daloz (Directeur de Recherche au CNRS), Political Representation in France and the enduring tension between Republican ideals and court style. [mp3]
Chair and Discussant: Julian Jackson (Queen Mary, University of London) [mp3]
Concluding Remarks by Professor William Doyle (University of Bristol).
Convenors:
Julian Wright (University of Durham) j.wright@durham.ac.uk
Mark Greengrass (University of Sheffield) m.greengrass@sheffield.ac.uk
Follow SSFH on Twitter SSFH Facebook © 2012 The Society for the Study of French History. All Rights Reserved.


Ambience: Nice and cosy, this place looked and felt very inviting. With wood playing an important role in the décor, it has a rustic feel, with the bright and bold wall painting standing out. The glass window to the kitchen gives the patrons a view of just what's happening inside and they can see their food being made.
What we ate and drank: Khiva brings to the Peshwa city Bukhara cuisine, the first to do so in this gourmand-friendly town. The first thing that came to the table was the breadsticks with different dips. They weren't your regular breadsticks, but had different tastes like garlic, ajwain, etc and came with three dips in orange, white, green colour. The Peshawari Paneer Tikka needs a special mention for its succulent texture and delightful taste. The Tandoori Mushroom, Baby corn and Shakkarkandh (sweet potato) was also a treat to have as each bite was full of flavour. The Mutter aur Cheese ka Tikka is a must-have and comes highly recommended as the cheese melts perfectly as you bite into the fried, mashed peas' tikka. The Tamatar ka Shorba is also something that will have you smiling with each sip.
The main course included Paneer Khurchan and Khameeri ki Roti. The roti was soft and tasty by itself, and with the sabji, it was a perfect match. The Dal Khiva is a speciality here, and no wonder! Super tasty, it was the perfect accompaniment to the delish veggie biryani. The desserts make their own mark with their authentic tastes. Their Lychee ki Tehree and Phirni are super delish and make for the perfect end for a perfect meal.


text:
Aaron Sowd (born November 3, 1970) is an American comic book creator, writer and artist. Sowd began his comic book career as an inker for Top Cow, Marvel Comics, and DC Comics. He currently works as an illustrator and storyboard artist.

Biography
As a storyboard artist, Sowd has worked on Godzilla vs. Kong, Bad Boys for Life, Spider-Man: Far From Home, Michael Bay's Transformers, Ultimate Avengers II, Freddy vs. Jason, Austin Powers in Goldmember, and God of War. As a conceptual designer, Sowd provided designs for Steven Soderbergh and James Cameron's Solaris, as well as Human Nature and Virus.

In animation, Sowd has worked on the style guides for Titan A.E. and Anastasia for 20th Century Fox Animation.  Sowd's comic book credits include: 9-11: September 11, 2001 Stories to Remember, Volume 2. Sowd's work has appeared in The New York Times, People, Time, The Hollywood Reporter, Playboy, Gear and PlayStation Magazine.

Bibliography

Writer, artist
 Komikwerks Volume 1 (Paperback, 2003)
 Komikwerks Presents: Nuts & Bolts (Paperback, 2004)
 Komikwerks Presents: Rockets & Robots (Paperback, 2005)
 Komikwerks Presents: Thrills & Chills (Paperback, 2005)
 Hero Happy Hour Super Special #1 (Paperback, 2005)

Inker
 9-11: September 11, 2001 Stories to Remember Volume 2 (DC Comics, 2002)
 Batman #595, 596 (DC Comics)
 Batman: Harley Quinn #1 (DC Comics)
 X-Men # 76 (Marvel Comics)
 Uncanny X-Men #356-357, 360, 362, 365 (Marvel Comics)
 Nightwing: The Target #1 (DC Comics)
 Detective Comics # 746, 747 (DC Comics)
 Batman: No Man's Land Secret Files #1 (DC Comics)
 Batgirl #11 (DC Comics)
 Batman: Legends of The Dark Knight #116 (DC Comics)
 The Batman Chronicles #14, 17, 20 (DC Comics)
 Batman/Toyman #4 (DC Comics)
 Batman: No Man's Land Volume I (DC Comics, Trade Paperback)
 Relative Heroes (DC Comics)
 M-Rex #1, 2, Preview Edition (Image Comics)
 Alpha Flight (vol. 2) #10, 12, 16 (Marvel Comics)
 All Star Comics 80-Page Giant #1 (DC Comics)
 The Flash # 151 (DC Comics)
 Flash Secret Files #3 (DC Comics)
 Ballistic/Wolverine #1 (Marvel/Image Comics)
 Cyblade/Ghost Rider #1 (Marvel/Image Comics)
 Witchblade/Elektra #1 (Marvel/Image Comics)
 Star Trek/X-Men (Marvel/IParamount Comics)
 Medieval Spawn/Witchblade #3 (Image Comics)
 Weapon Zero (limited series) #T-2, T-1 (Image Comics)
 Weapon Zero (regular series) #0, 1-8 (Image Comics)
 Velocity (limited series) # 1-3 (Image Comics)
 Cyberforce Sourcebook # 1, 2 (Image Comics)
 Cyberforce Annual #1 (Image, 1995)
 Witchblade #1/2 (Image Comics/Diamond Exclusive)
 Ripclaw (Wizard special edition)  #1/2 (Image, 1995)
 Killrazor #1 (Image Comics)
 Ballistic #3 (Image Comics)
 Cyberforce Origins: Cyblade #1 (Image Comics)
 Ballistic Studios Swimsuit Special #1 (Image Comics)
 Ballistic Studios Lingerie Special #1 (Image Comics)
 Codename: Strykeforce # 8 (Image Comics)
 ShadowHawk # 13, 14 (Image Comics)
 Robotech: Return to Macross #10 (Eternity Comics)

Notes

References

Aaron Sowd at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators

External links

American comics creators
American comics writers
American storyboard artists
Living people
1970 births

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
\section{Introduction}
Holographic principle~\cite{'tHooft:1993gx}  is expected to be deeply related to the fundamental nature of quantum gravity. Though its original insight is based on the semi-classical black hole physics, it is regarded as the fundamental principle of  gravity. Based upon the spectacular progress in string theory, this principle is realized concretely as  the Anti de-Sitter/Conformal Field Theory(AdS/CFT) correspondence~\cite{Maldacena:1997re} which relates $d$-dimensional field theory to   gravity or string theory on $(d+1)$-dimensional AdS space.  According to this correspondence  the large 't Hooft coupling  in field theory corresponds to small curvature scale  in gravity.   This opens up  opportunities to study nonperturbative physics in field theory through gravity.   In this regard, another interesting point in the correspondence is that  the energy scale in field theory corresponds to the extra-dimension in gravity.  This leads to the realization of renormalization group(RG) flow  in the holographic setup, which is far to reach in the traditional perturbative approach. On physical ground it is natural  that   degrees  of freedom are decreased  along   RG flow  since RG flow  is a coarse graining process in quantum field theory. However, it has been known to be very difficult to realize this intuitive picture concretely in continuum field theory except some special cases. One of these special cases is the famous Zamolodchikov $c$-theorem in two dimensional field theory~\cite{Zamolodchikov:1986gt}, which says that the central charge decreases along RG flow.  After the advent of the AdS/CFT correspondence there are various holographic studies about RG flow in higher dimensions, in particular about holographic $c$-theorem and its implication~\cite{Freedman:1999gp}.

In recent years there are some interests in higher derivative gravity with several motivations.
One motivation in the context of the AdS/CFT  correspondence is to investigate the next order corrections in the large 't Hooft coupling  by higher derivative gravity. In this usual approach, higher derivative terms are treated as small corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert term. This  is the usual strategy  in string theory since stringy corrections are small at low energy. However, if one consider  higher derivative terms as taking  non-small contributions, these are  plagued by ghosts which signal the deficiency of the theory. To avoid ghost problem in this case,  one usually focus on two derivative higher curvature gravity like Gauss-Bonnet or Lovelock gravity.  These higher curvature gravities or their related cousins of   the effective two derivatives nature played important roles in seeing $c$-theorem holographically~\cite{Myers:2010xs}.

The situation is different in three-dimensional gravity  since the usual  Einstein gravity has no propagating degrees of freedom in this case. Through the study of higher derivative terms in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity~\cite{Deser:1982} on AdS space, it has been recognized that the fall-off boundary conditions are important to characterize higher derivative theories. Concretely speaking,   it was found  that by adding higher derivative terms,   the central charge of dual CFT  may vanish at the special value of the coefficient of higher derivative terms. In this case by taking different fall-off boundary conditions in bulk gravity,  boundary dual CFTs are characterized differently.  These  specifications are now    coined as  chiral/log gravity conjectures~\cite{Li:2008dq}.

Along the line of these developments four-dimensional critical gravity  is proposed as  the analogue of  chiral/log gravity or  critical new massive gravity~\cite{Bergshoeff:2009hq} on three-dimensional AdS space, which contains squared Weyl tensor    as a higher derivative term.  When  the  coefficient of the Weyl tensor term is chosen appropriately,  massless gravitons have   zero excitation energy  and mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes  vanishes~\cite{Lu:2011zk}.  Since the linearized   equations of motion for  gravitons in critical gravity takes   the squared form of those in Einstein gravity,   unwanted massive ghost modes are absent. Instead,  there are ghost-like   log modes which fall off more slowly than massless graviton modes  but which may be unseparated  with massless modes.

Another interesting  recent development in  higher curvature gravity is the claim that   four-dimensional conformal gravity on AdS space with appropriate boundary conditions  is equivalent to Einstein gravity on the same space  at the classical but non-linear level~\cite{Maldacena:2011mk}. It was argued that  by  appropriate boundary conditions, ghosts can be truncated consistently or  Einstein solutions are  chosen consistently among all possible solutions. Subsequently, through linear analysis on graviton modes,  non-critical gravity is introduced as the extension of critical gravity by relaxing the condition on the coupling of the Weyl tensor squared term~\cite{Lu:2011ks}.
In this theory,  when the coupling of higher derivative terms is chosen appropriately,  massive ghost modes fall off more slowly than massless graviton modes  while decoupled from massless modes. Then, massive ghost modes can be truncated consistently by boundary conditions.

Recently, non-critical gravity is shown to be equivalent to Einstein gravity by using auxiliary field formalism~\cite{Hyun:2011ej}.  To derive this equivalence in the framework of the  AdS/CFT correspondence the Gibbons-Hawking boundary terms as well as the bulk Lagrangian are shown to be reduced to those in Einstein gravity by the consistent choice of subset among all possible solutions in non-critical gravity.  More recently,  four-dimensional non-critical gravity is extended to arbitrary dimensions and the equivalence between this theory and Einstein gravity on AdS space is  verified in various setups at the non-linear level~\cite{Hyun:2012mh}.

In this paper, we construct the Born-Infeld type  (non-)critical gravity which is a natural  extension of curvature quadratic  (non-)critical gravity. This theory may also be viewed as a natural extension of three-dimensional Born-Infeld new massive gravity~\cite{Gullu:2010} to arbitrary dimensions.
After its introduction,
we show that the theory is consistent with holographic $c$-theorem. This consistency with holographic $c$-theorem  may be taken as a beneficial guideline or constraint  for the extension of curvature quadratic (non-)critical gravity   to  even  higher curvature gravity,   as was shown in three-dimensional case~\cite{Sinha:2010}.
And then, through linear analysis we verify the absence of scalar graviton modes and find the range of the coupling of higher derivative terms to truncate ghosts consistently. Using these results, we argue that this theory is equivalent to Einstein gravity at the non-linear classical level. To see the full non-linear equivalence, black hole solutions and their some properties are also discussed. In the line of this, we briefly comment on the method  to compute  holographic entanglement entropy~\cite{Takayanagi:2011zk} of the theory.

\section{Born-Infeld Gravity}

Non-critical gravity was  introduced as a specific curvature quadratic gravity on AdS space after the truncation of ghosts by appropriate boundary conditions, which is shown to be equivalent to Einstein gravity.   More explicitly, curvature quadratic part  consists only of  scalar curvature square and Ricci tensor square terms with specific coefficients.  It is natural question to ask there are even higher curvature (non-)critical gravity with similar properties. In the following, we consider the critical case simultaneously, in which ghost-like log-modes might be included.

The hint for the extension of (non-)critical gravity to even higher curvature gravity comes from three-dimensional new massive gravity(NMG) which was extended to even higher curvature gravity theory and named as $R^n$-NMG and BI-NMG~\cite{Gullu:2010}\cite{Sinha:2010}\cite{Nam:2010dd}.   As in the case of three-dimensional NMG, the extension to even higher curvature gravity may be controlled by requiring the  existence of a simple  central charge flow function. However, it is obvious that it becomes harder   to restrict higher curvature couplings in higher dimensions by a single function.    Nevertheless, the consistency with simple holographic $c$-theorem may be taken as a crucial guideline for the extension.

In this section we introduce  the Born-Infeld type extension of    $D$-dimensional   (non-)critical gravity, which we call simply Born-Infeld(BI) gravity.   After the introduction of BI gravity, it is shown to satisfy holographic $c$-theorem, which is the first consistency check for the theory.
Now,  let us consider the following    $D$-dimensional  action for BI gravity
\begin{eqnarray}  S_{BI} &=&  \frac{1}{2\kappa^2}\int d^Dx \sqrt{-g}\, {\cal L}_{BI} \\
&=& \frac{\sigma}{p(D-2)}\frac{ m^2}{\kappa^2}\int d^Dx \sqrt{-g} \bigg\{ \Big[\det \Big(\delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu} -\frac{1}{m^2}G^{\mu}_{\, \nu} \Big) \Big]^{p} - 1 + \frac{p(D-1)(D-2)^2}{2m^2\ell^2}\bigg\}\,,     \nonumber  \end{eqnarray}
where $\sigma$ takes $+1$ or $-1$ and $G^{\mu}_{\, \nu}$ denotes  Einstein tensor, $G^{\mu}_{\, \nu} =  R^{\mu}_{\, \nu} -\frac{1}{2} R \delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu}$. We take parameters $m^2$ and $\ell^2$ as real valued ones and their range is constrained only by allowance of AdS space.
In the following  the constant $p$ is taken as
\begin{equation}  p \equiv \frac{1}{D-1} = \frac{1}{d}\,,\end{equation}
which  turns out to be a  natural  choice  consistent with simple holographic $c$-theorem.  Furthermore, this choice of the value of $p$ leads, expanded in powers of $1/m^2$, to various known (non)-critical gravities as was shown in the following. When $D=3$,  the above action is identical with the one for  BI-NMG up to   some   conventions.

Equations of motion expression,  defined by ${\cal E}_{\mu\nu} \equiv (2\kappa^2/\sqrt{-g}) \delta S_{BI}/\delta g^{\mu\nu}$,   is given by
\begin{eqnarray}  - \sigma (D-2)   {\cal E}_{\mu\nu} &=& \frac{m^2}{p}\bigg[   (\det {\cal A})^p   - 1  + \frac{(D-2)^2}{2m^2\ell^2}\bigg] g_{\mu\nu}    +  2{\cal B}^{\alpha}_{\, (\mu}R_{\nu) \alpha}  -  {\cal B} R_{\mu\nu}         \\
    &&  +  \Big(\nabla_{\alpha}\nabla_{\beta}{\cal B}^{\alpha\beta}  -\nabla^2{\cal B}  \Big)   g_{\mu\nu} +  \nabla_{\mu}\nabla_{\nu}{\cal B}  + \nabla^2 {\cal B}_{\mu\nu}  - 2 \nabla_{\alpha}\nabla_{(\mu}    {\cal B}^{\alpha}_{\nu)}   \,, \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
where we have defined
\begin{equation} {\cal A}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} \equiv \delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu} - \frac{1}{m^2}G^{\mu}_{\, \nu} \,, \qquad {\cal B}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} \equiv (\det {\cal A})^{p}({\cal A}^{-1})^{\mu}_{\, \nu} \,, \qquad {\cal B} \equiv {\cal B}^{\mu}_{\, \mu}\,. \end{equation}
Our convention  is such that the equations of motion are  read as  ${\cal E}_{\mu\nu} = T_{\mu\nu}$ when matters are coupled with the energy-momentum tensor convention  $T_{\mu\nu} = - (2\kappa^2/\sqrt{-g}) \, \delta S_{mat}/\delta g^{\mu\nu}$.

Whenever the fractional power of the determinant expression is ill-defined,  one should regard it   as a formal expression which may have a concrete meaning after it is expanded in terms of  $G^{\mu}_{\, \nu}/m^2$.
Using the  Taylor series expansion of the determinant expression, one can see that a few  leading  terms in the action  are given by
\begin{eqnarray} S_{BI} &=& \frac{1}{2\kappa^2}\int d^Dx \sqrt{-g}~  \sigma\bigg[ R + \frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{\ell^2} + {\cal L}_2 + {\cal L}_3 + {\cal O}(R^4) \bigg]\,,   \\
&& {\cal L}_{2}  = - \frac{1}{m^2(D-2)} \Big[R^{\mu}_{\,\nu}R^{\nu}_{\, \mu} - \frac{D}{4(D-1)} R^2\Big]\,,    \nonumber \\
  &&      {\cal L}_{3} =   -\frac{2}{3m^4(D-2)}\Big[R^{\mu}_{\,\nu}R^{\nu}_{\, \rho}R^{\rho}_{\, \mu} - \frac{3D}{4(D-1)}RR^{\mu}_{\,\nu}R^{\nu}_{\, \mu}  + \frac{D^2+4D-4}{16(D-1)^2}R^3      \Big]\,.   \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
Note that the leading Lagrangian is nothing but the one in  Einstein gravity and  the Lagrangian up to ${\cal L}_2$ coincides with the one in noncritical gravity given in~\cite{Hyun:2012mh}\footnote{Interestingly, it was recently discovered that the so-called quasi-topological gravity~\cite{Myers:2010ru} is effectively equivalent to the above Lagrangian up to $R^3$ order when the metric is confined to the conformal flat ones~\cite{dS:2012ef}.}.

One can easily check that AdS space  is allowed as the vacuum solution  in BI  gravity with
\begin{equation}    \bar{R}_{\mu\nu\rho\sigma} =  - \frac{1}{L^2}  (\bar{g}_{\mu\rho}\bar{g}_{\nu\sigma} - \bar{g}_{\mu\sigma}\bar{g}_{\nu\rho} )\,, \qquad   \bar{R}_{\mu\nu} = - \frac{D-1}{L^2}\bar{g}_{\mu\nu}\,.  \end{equation}
The radius $L$ of AdS space  is determined in terms of the parameters $m^2$ and $\ell^2$  in the   Lagragian by  the  relation
\begin{equation}  \bigg[1-\frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{2m^2L^2}\bigg]^{\frac{1}{D-1}} \bigg[1-\frac{(D-2)(D-3)}{2m^2L^2} \bigg]=   1-\frac{(D-2)^2}{2m^2\ell^2} \,, \end{equation}
which comes from the equations of motion ${\cal E}_{\mu\nu}=0$.  Clearly, the relation is the generalization of the three-dimensional BI-NMG case to the $D$-dimensional one. Expanding in powers of $1/m^2L^2$, one obtains
\[\frac{1}{\ell^2} = \frac{1}{L^2}\bigg[1 - \frac{D-4}{4m^2L^2}   - \frac{(D-2)^2(D-6)}{24m^4L^4} + {\cal O}\Big(\frac{1}{m^6L^6}\Big)\bigg]\,, \]
which reproduces the relation among parameters in the corresponding  Lagrangian at each expansion order.

It is very convenient to introduce a useful  quantity $a$,  which appears repeatedly in the following,  as
\begin{equation}
 a\equiv 1 -\frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{2m^2L^2}\,. \end{equation}
 %
Then, ${\cal A}$ and ${\cal B}$ tensors on AdS space are given simply by
\[ \bar{{\cal A}}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} = a\delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu}\,, \qquad  \bar{{\cal B}}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} = a^{pD-1}\delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu} = a^{p}\delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu}\,. \]
Before verifying the consistency of BI gravity with holographic $c$-theorem, let us derive  the so-called A-type trace anomaly, $a^{*}_{d}$  of even $d$-dimensional CFT dual to BI gravity.  One of the easiest way to compute this quantity is the evaluation of the  on-shell Lagrangian on AdS space~\cite{Imbimbo:1999bj}\cite{Myers:2010xs}, which is given in our convention as
\begin{equation}   a^{*}_{d} = - \frac{\pi^{d/2} L^{d+1}}{d\, \Gamma(\frac{d}{2})}\, \frac{1}{2\kappa^2}\,{\cal L}_{BI} \Big|_{AdS} = \frac{ \pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma(\frac{d}{2})} \frac{L^{d-1}}{\kappa^2}\,  \sigma\, a^{p} \,. \end{equation}
One may note that the final result is simply proportional to the one in Einstein gravity with   factor $\sigma a^p$. This is the first  indication of the   non-linear  equivalence of BI gravity and Einstein gravity with  rescaled Newton's constant, $\kappa^2/\sigma a^{p}$ and substituted cosmological constant, $L$.

In two derivative gravity,  the holographic realization of RG flow between two conformal points in dual $d$-dimensional field theory is given  by  the AdS kink   geometry~\cite{Freedman:1999gp}\cite{Myers:2010xs}. Following this realization,   let us consider the following geometry on $D = (d+1)$ dimensions
\begin{equation} ds^2  = L^2\bigg[dr^2 + e^{2A(r)} \Big(-dt^2 + d{\bf x}^2_{D-2}\Big ) \bigg] \equiv   L^2\Big[dr^2 + g_{ij}dx^{i}dx^{j} \Big]\,. \end{equation}
Its non-vanishing curvature tensor components   are   given by
\begin{equation}
R^{r}_{~irj} = -\frac{1}{L^2}(A'' + A'^2)g_{ij}\,, \qquad    R^{i}_{~jkl} = - \frac{A'^2}{L^2}(\delta^{i}_{\, k}\, g_{jl} - \delta^{i}_{\, l}\, g_{jk})\,,  \end{equation}
where the prime denotes the differentiation with respect to the radial coordinate $r$.
Note that conformal point of dual field theory or  corresponding AdS space  is represented by  $A(r) =r$.  Non-trivial RG flow is realized  by a certain function $A(r)$ connecting two AdS spaces, for which    some additional matter action $S_{mat}$ needs to be introduced.

For computational purpose, introduce functions ${\cal C}(r)$ and ${\cal C}_0(r)$  as
\begin{eqnarray} {\cal C} (r) &\equiv & 1 -\frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{2m^2L^2}A'^2  \,, \\    && \nonumber \\
{\cal C}_{0} (r) & \equiv & \Big[1  -\frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{2m^2L^2}A'^2  - \frac{D-2}{m^2L^2} A''\Big] \,, \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
which become constants on AdS space as
\[\
{\cal C}(r)|_{AdS} = {\cal C}_{0}(r)|_{AdS} = a\,. \]
In terms of these functions,  the   values of ${\cal A}$ tensor,  $\det {\cal A}$ and ${\cal B}$ tensor   for the above metric
are  given by
\begin{eqnarray}  &&
{\cal A}^{r}_{\, r}  = {\cal C}\,,  \qquad  \qquad   {\cal A}^{i}_{\, j} = {\cal C}_{0} \delta^{i}_{\, j}\,,   \qquad \qquad  (\det {\cal A} )^{p} =  {\cal C}^{p}{\cal C}_{0}\,,    \nonumber \\
  &&
{\cal B}^{r}_{\, r} =  {\cal C}^{p-1}{\cal C}_{0}\,, \qquad {\cal B}^{i}_{\, j} = {\cal C}^{p}\, \delta^{i}_{\, j}\,.    \nonumber  \end{eqnarray}
One may note that
\[ {\cal B}^{t}_{\, t} - {\cal B}^{r}_{\, r} = ({\cal C} - {\cal C}_{0}){\cal C}^{p-1}=  \frac{D-2}{m^2L^2}\, {\cal C}^{p-1}\, A''\,. \]

Now, let us introduce  a central charge flow function    as
\begin{equation} a_d(r) \equiv  \frac{\pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma\big(\frac{d}{2}\big)\, A'^{d-1}} \frac{L^{d-1}}{\kappa^2}\, \sigma {\cal C}^{p}\,, \end{equation}
which  would  represent  the  flow of central charge along RG  trajectory of  CFT dual to BI gravity.  The adequacy of this choice of the central charge function  comes from two points. First,  this function on AdS space  coincides with the holographic representation   of the A-type trace anomaly in even $d$-dimensional field theory (and its odd $d$-dimensional counterpart),  which is given in our convention as
\begin{equation} a_d(r)|_{AdS} =  \frac{ \pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma(\frac{d}{2})} \frac{L^{d-1}}{\kappa^2}\,  \sigma\, a^{p}  = a^{*}_{d}   \,. \end{equation}
Second, this function, when expanded  in powers of $1/m^2L^2$,  reduces to the known form in the case of  noncritical gravity~\cite{Hyun:2012mh}
\begin{equation}  a_d(r) =  \frac{\pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma\big(\frac{d}{2}\big)\, A'^{d-1}} \frac{L^{d-1}}{\kappa^2}\, \sigma \bigg[ 1 - \frac{d-1}{2m^2L^2}A'^2 +{\cal O}\Big(\frac{1}{m^4L^4}\Big)\bigg]\,.    \end{equation}

To address holographic $c$-theorem in this setup, one needs to  evaluate $a'(r)_d$ and see its monotonic property.  By a straightforward calculation one can see that  equations of motion with matters gives us
\begin{equation}     T^{t}_{\, t} - T^{r}_{\, r} = {\cal E}^{t}_{\, t} - {\cal E}^{r}_{\, r} =  \frac{\sigma (D-2)}{L^2} \bigg[ 1 - \frac{D(D-3)}{2m^2L^2}A'^2\bigg]{\cal C}^{p-1}\, A''   \,. \end{equation}
Some comments are in order.
Since BI gravity is higher derivative theory, it is not guaranteed that   $A''$   appears only as the overall factor  in the above expression.   Indeed,  there are various terms in the form of $A'A'''$, $A''^2$, $A'^2A''^2$, {\it etc}  in each expression  of ${\cal E}_{\mu\nu}$.  In  the above combination  of ${\cal E}^{t}_{\, t} $ and ${\cal E}^{r}_{\, r}$,  various such terms are completely canceled and the final  expression   takes very similar form in Einstein gravity. It is interesting to note that  even the combination contains  infinite number of derivatives as can be seen by expanding ${\cal C}^{p-1}$ in powers of $1/m^2L^2$.

In the end, one can check that  the  monotonic property of this function  comes from the null energy condition on matters, $T^{t}_{\,t} - T^{r}_{\,r} \le 0$:
\begin{eqnarray}  a'_d(r) &=&  - \frac{\pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma\big(\frac{d}{2}\big)\, A'^{d}} \frac{L^{d-1}}{\kappa^2}\,  \sigma (D-2) \bigg[ 1 - \frac{D(D-3)}{2m^2L^2}A'^2\bigg]{\cal C}^{p-1}\, A''    \\
&=&
- \frac{\pi^{d/2}}{\Gamma\big(\frac{d}{2}\big)\, A'^{d}} \frac{L^{d+1}}{\kappa^2}
\Big(T^{t}_{\, t} - T^{r}_{\, r} \Big) \ge 0\,,  \nonumber \end{eqnarray}
which shows us that BI  gravity is consistent with the simple  form of holographic $c$-theorem. This is one of  nice properties of BI gravity. (See~\cite{Gullu:2010st} for some related discussions in the three-dimensional BI-NMG case).

One may note that the central charge flow function is proportional to the one in Einstein gravity with simple   factor   $\sigma {\cal C}^{p}$.  Since RG flow or central charge function flow  may be regarded as    non-linear characteristics,  this simple proportionality at the level of  the central charge flow function  between BI gravity and Einstein gravity is a strong indication for the equivalence of  two theories at the non-linear level.

\section{Linear Analysis}
 In this  section we perform linear  analysis of BI gravity  to show that potentially dangerous scalar graviton   modes are absent in BI gravity~\cite{Lu:2011zk}, which was one of  important ingredients to define critical gravity in four dimensions. And then, we show that one can truncate massive ghost modes consistently from massless graviton modes by boundary conditions just like non-critical gravity~\cite{Hyun:2011ej}\cite{Hyun:2012mh}.  By supplementing this linear analysis with the consistency with holographic $c$-theorem in the previous section we argue that  BI gravity  is classically  equivalent Einstein gravity at the non-linear level.

The absence of scalar graviton modes is one of minimum requirements for BI gravity to be equivalent to Einstein gravity at low energy. To see the absence of scalar  graviton modes of BI  gravity, let us expand metric around a background metric $\bar{g}_{\mu\nu}$ as
\begin{equation} g_{\mu\nu} = \bar{g}_{\mu\nu} + h_{\mu\nu} \,. \end{equation}
Then, the linearized Ricci tensor is given by
\[\delta R_{\mu\nu} = \bar{\nabla}_{\rho}\bar{\nabla}_{(\mu} h_{\nu)\alpha} - \frac{1}{2} \bar{\nabla}^2 h_{\mu\nu} - \frac{1}{2} \bar{\nabla}_{\mu}\bar{\nabla}_{\nu}h\,, \]
where $h$ denotes the contraction with the background  metric $\bar{g}_{\mu\nu}$ and $\bar{\nabla}$ is covariant derivative with respect to $\bar{g}_{\mu\nu}$. {}From now on, the background geometry is taken as AdS space.

Using the diffeomorphism invariance, one may choose the gauge $ \bar{\nabla}^{\nu}h_{\nu\mu} =  \bar{\nabla}_{\mu}h$.  Under this gauge choice
the linearized expression of ${\cal A}$  tensor   is  given by
\[ \delta {\cal A}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} = -\frac{1}{m^2}\delta G^{\mu}_{\, \nu}
=  \frac{1}{2m^2}\, \Big(\bar{\nabla}^2h^{\mu}_{\, \nu} - \bar{\nabla}^{\mu}\bar{\nabla}_{\nu}h \Big) + \frac{1}{m^2L^2}\Big(h^{\mu}_{\, \nu} + \frac{D-3}{2}\delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu}\, h \Big) \,,  \]
and
the linearized expression of ${\cal B}$ tensor is given by
\begin{eqnarray}
\delta {\cal B}^{\mu}_{\, \nu}  &=&  (\det \bar{{\cal A}})^{-p}\Big[ p\, \bar{{\cal B}}^{\alpha}_{\beta}\, \delta {\cal A}^{\beta}_{\, \alpha}\,  \bar{{\cal B}}^{\mu}_{\, \nu} -   \bar{{\cal B}}^{\mu}_{\, \alpha}\, \delta {\cal A}^{\alpha}_{\, \beta}\, \bar{{\cal B}}^{\beta}_{\, \nu}\Big]     \nonumber \\
&=&
    -\frac{a^{p(2-D)}}{m^2}\Big[ \frac{1}{2} \Big( \bar{\nabla}^2h^{\mu}_{\, \nu} - \bar{\nabla}^{\mu}\bar{\nabla}_{\nu}h \Big)    + \frac{1}{L^2}\Big(h^{\mu}_{\, \nu} - \frac{1}{2} \delta^{\mu}_{\, \nu}\, h\Big) \Big]\,.  \nonumber  \end{eqnarray}
It is interesting to note that  the linearized expression of ${\cal B}$ tensor on AdS space contains only  two derivatives on $h_{\mu\nu}$, which brings   the linearized equations of motions into  quartic differential equations. This contrasts with the fact that ${\cal B}$ tensor  generically contains infinite number of derivatives at the non-linear level.

After some calculation, one can obtain the linearized expression of  contracted equations of motion  as
\begin{equation}
0=\delta {\cal E}^{\mu}_{\, \mu} = \frac{(D-1)(D-2)^2}{2L^2}\Big[1-\frac{D(D-3)}{2m^2L^2}\Big]h\,,
\end{equation}
which shows us that the scalar graviton modes  are decoupled and transverse traceless  gauge can be taken.

Since the absence of scalar graviton modes is established, let us turn to ghost modes. In the transverse and traceless gauge, $\bar{\nabla}^{\mu}h_{\mu\nu}=h=0$,  one can show that   the linearized equations of motion, $\delta {\cal E}_{\mu\nu} =0$ are given  in the following quartic form
\begin{equation} \Big(\bar{\nabla}^2  + \frac{2}{L^2}\Big)\Big(\bar{\nabla}^2  + \frac{2}{L^2}-M^2\Big)h_{\mu\nu}=0\,, \qquad M^2 \equiv (D-2)m^2a\,. \end{equation}
This quartic differential equation shows  us that there exist massless and  massive modes which are decoupled at the linear level.  On general ground one can see that one of them should be ghosts. We take $\sigma$ appropriately such that  massive modes become ghosts. Since the linearization and the expansion in powers of  $1/m^2L^2$ do not commute, the above linear wave equation, when expanded in power of $1/m^2L^2$, does not reduce to the one in curvature quadratic (non-)critical gravity.

Now, we would like to  specify  BI gravity by restricting the parameter $m^2$. Critical BI gravity is defined by the condition $M^2=0$ or $a=0$.  In terms of parameters $m^2$ and $\ell^2$, the critical point is given by
\[
  m^2 = \frac{(D-2)^2}{2\ell^2} = \frac{(D-1) (D-2)}{2L^2} \,,
\]
which belongs to the regime $m^2, ~\ell^2 >0$.
 At this critical point  the   quartic differential equation becomes degenerate and then  $\log$ modes appear instead of massive ghost modes. Furthermore, one can see that the A-type trace anomaly, $a^{*}_{d}$  of even $d$-dimensional dual CFT and its cousin in odd dimensions  vanish at this point. All these are the analogues of curvature quadratic critical gravity\footnote{See also~\cite{Deser:2011xc} for critical gravity on $D$-dimensions.} and signal the null content of critical BI gravity  when log modes, which might be mixed with massless modes,  are truncated.

To define consistent non-critical BI gravity, we should truncate unwanted ghosts.  As in curvature quadratic non-critical gravity, massive ghost modes can be truncated consistently by appropriate boundary conditions since massive ghost modes fall off more slowly than massless modes  as far as $M^2 < 0$, while  the  classical instability by tachyons may be avoided when $M^2$ is above  Breitenlohner-Freedman bound~\cite{Breitenlohner:1982jf},   $ M^2 > - (D-1)^2/4L^2$.  Thus,  we take the range of coupling  $m^2$ in the  non-critical case  as
\[ \frac{(D-1)(2D^2 - 9 D +9)}{4(D-2)L^2} < m^2 < \frac{(D-1)(D-2)}{2L^2}\,. \]

After  ghost modes are truncated,  non-critical BI  gravity describes massless gravitons just like Einstein gravity.
 This linear equivalence supplemented by the consistency with holographic $c$-theorem  strongly suggests that non-critical BI gravity is classically equivalent to Einstein gravity at the full non-linear level.  In the next section we test this non-linear equivalence through black hole solutions.

\section{Black Hole Solutions and Their Properties}

It is obvious that  AdS-Schwarzschild black holes in Einstein gravity are also solutions in BI gravity since the  scalar curvature and the Ricci tensor of those black holes are same with those of  the  vacuum AdS space.  In the following,  by computing some  non-linear  quantities in these black holes  we check the non-linear equivalence  between BI gravity and Einstein gravity.  We also comment on holographic entanglement entropy in BI gravity.

In our conventions AdS-Schwarzschild black hole solutions are represented by
\begin{equation} ds^2 =  L^2\bigg[ \frac{d\rho^2}{f(\rho)} -  f(\rho)dt^2   +   \rho^2 d\Omega^2_{D-2} \bigg]\,,  \qquad   f(\rho) \equiv \rho^2 +1  - \frac{\omega }{\rho^{D-3}}\,,  \end{equation}
where the constant $\omega$ is related to the horizon radius $\rho_H$ as $\omega  = \rho^{D-3}_H(\rho^2_H + 1)$. The Hawking temperature of these black holes are given by
\[ T_H = \frac{1}{2\pi  L} \Big[ \rho_H +\frac{D-3}{2\rho_H}(\rho^2_H + 1)\Big] \,. \]
By    Wald's formula~\cite{Wald:1993nt} it is straightforward to obtain the Beckenstein-Hawking-Wald entropy of these black holes as
\begin{eqnarray}  {\cal S}_{BHW} & =&   \frac{ 2\pi  }{(D-2)\kappa^2}~\int_H  d^{D-2}x \sqrt{h} ~ \sigma \Big[{\cal B}^{\mu}_{\, \mu} - {\cal B}^{t}_{\, t} - {\cal B}^{r}_{\, r} \Big]_{\rho = \rho_H}  ~ \\
&=& \frac{2\pi  A_{H}}{\kappa^2}\, \sigma\,  a^{p}\,,     \qquad  \qquad  \qquad
  A_H =   (\rho_HL)^{D-2} \Omega_{D-2} \,,     \nonumber    \end{eqnarray}
where $A_H$ denotes  the horizon area and $\Omega_{D-2} \equiv 2\pi^{d/2}/\Gamma(d/2)$ is the volume of unit $(D-2)$-sphere.
Note that the black hole entropy can be obtained  by the corresponding one from Einstein gravity simply by rescaling the Newton's constant  $\kappa^2\rightarrow \kappa^2/\sigma a^{p}$ and substituting cosmological constant $\ell \rightarrow L$.
One can see that this entropy is related to the  A-type trace anomaly $a^{*}_{d}$ as
\[
 {\cal S}_{BHW} = 4\pi \, \rho_H^{d-1}\,  a^{*}_{d}\,.
\]
This shows us that the AdS-Schwarzschild black hole entropy  vanishes whenever the central charge does  in the critical case.
It is also  interesting to note that this relation is identical with the one in Einstein gravity.  Though  the generic  formula for  holographic entanglement entropy(HEE) in higher derivative gravity is unknown~\cite{deBoer:2011wk}, it is natural to propose that the correct way to compute holographic entanglement entropy in BI gravity is just using Wald formula, which was the case in curvature quadratic non-critical gravity~\cite{Kwon:2012tp}\cite{Hyun:2012mh}. If we adopt this prescription for HEE, one can see that the equivalence of BI gravity and Einstein gravity  persists in HEE, too.

Now, let us consider mass of these black holes. By assuming,  in our case,  the validity of the second  law of black hole thermodynamics and then  accordingly integrating the differential relation, $dM=T_Hd{\cal S}_{BHW}$,    one can see that mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes, $M(BI)$, is given by
\[
M(BI) =  \sigma\, a^{p}\, \frac{(D-2)\omega}{2\kappa^2}\Omega_{D-2} = \sigma\, a^{p}\, M(Einstein)\,, \]
where $M(Einstein)$ denotes mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes in Einstein gravity.

One may try to check this result on mass of black holes by  the Euclidean action formalism.
First, one can see that the on-shell   bulk Euclidean action   on AdS-Schwarzschild black holes (or in fact on any Einstein space)  is given by
\[ I^{bk}_{E}(BI)\Big|  = - \frac{D-1}{D-2} \frac{m^2}{\kappa^2}\sigma \int d^Dx \sqrt{g_E}\Big[(\det {\cal A})^{p} - 1 + \frac{(D-2)^2}{2m^2\ell^2}\Big]\bigg| = \sigma a^p \frac{D-1}{\kappa^2 L^2} \int d^Dx\sqrt{g_E}\,, \]
which shows us that the on-shell   bulk Euclidean action  is proportional to that of Einstein gravity. To compute mass of black holes  in the Euclidean action formalism, one also needs to obtain the on-shell  Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term which is not yet known  in  BI gravity. Now, let us assume that the one-shell boundary action on AdS-Schwarzschild black holes is  given by the corresponding one in Einstein gravity with the same factor, $\sigma a^{p}$, in the bulk action\footnote{This assumption is not so groundless since this property was shown~\cite{Hyun:2011ej} to be the case  for  curvature quadratic non-critical gravity which coincides with the expanded form of BI gravity up to relevant order.}. Then,   the  on-shell   Euclidean action on AdS-Schwarzschild black holes  in BI gravity, after an appropriate subtraction by counter terms or background AdS space,  is simply proportional to that in Einstein gravity: $I_E(BI) = \sigma a^p I_{E}(Einstein)$.  As a result, one can obtain mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes in BI gravity as
\begin{equation} M(BI) = T_H (I_{E} + {\cal S}_{BHW})(BI) = \sigma a^{p} (I_{E} + {\cal S}_{BHW})(Einstein)   =  \sigma\, a^{p}\, M(Einstein)\,. \end{equation}
Conversely,
this can be interpreted  as the check of our assumption about the on-shell  Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term or the verification of the relation $I_E(BI) = \sigma a^p I_{E}(Einstein)$,  if mass of black holes is regarded as already determined by  black hole thermodynamics.

All the above results for AdS-Schwarzschild black holes  are    consistent with the claim on the non-linear equivalence between BI gravity and Einstein gravity at the classical level.

\section{Conclusion}

We have constructed BI gravity as  the extension of (non-)critical gravity, which may also be viewed as the extension of BI-NMG. In the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence, we showed that BI gravity  is consistent with  holographic $c$-theorem.  Through linear analysis we also showed that scalar graviton modes are absent  and massive ghost modes can be truncated consistently by boundary conditions. By combining various ingredients we argued that BI gravity at non-critical point is classically equivalent to Einstein gravity at the non-linear level.  The way to compute HEE in BI gravity is also proposed consistently with this equivalence.

There are many ways to elaborate on BI gravity. First of all, there are some missing  elements in BI gravity compared to curvature quadratic (non-)critical gravity.  One interesting missing element  is   the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term of  BI gravity, which  is crucial  for well-defined variational principle with boundary.  In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence this is also important for determining the stress tensor of dual CFT.  Anther missing point  is the absence of  the auxiliary field method, which is very  useful to justify the non-linear equivalence more convincingly.

Though we have showed  that mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes in BI gravity  is given by the corresponding one in Einstein gravity up to a  factor, it would be very interesting to obtain mass of AdS-Schwarzschild black holes in BI gravity as conserved charge, for instance, by using Abbott-Deser-Tekin   approach~\cite{Abbott:1981ff}.

Another interesting question about BI gravity is to investigate its relation to counter terms in  $(D+1)$-dimensional gravity as was the case in three-dimensional BI-NMG~\cite{Jatkar:2011ue}. Though there are various undetermined parameters in counter term actions~\cite{Jatkar:2011ue},   these actions seem to be different from  BI gravity action  in this paper except the three dimensional case. In counter term actions,  the absence  of scalar graviton  is not so clear and the consistency with holographic c-theorem   is not guaranteed, either. However, since there are some open possibilities  to determine counter term actions, it would be interesting to study   further the relation between counter terms and BI gravity.

It is also   interesting  to verify or improve our proposal for HEE computation in BI gravity, since there is no generic prescription for HEE computation.  The study on the gauge/fluid correspondence  and R\'{e}nyi entropy in BI gravity  is also  an interesting future direction.  It is also interesting to find some solutions in BI gravity following BI-NMG case~\cite{Gurses:2011fv}~\cite{Ghodsi:2010ev}.

In the long run, it would be very interesting to find some ways to  confirm   the classical equivalence between BI gravity and Einstein gravity and to understand better the meaning of the consistency of a certain gravity theory with holographic $c$-theorem in general.

\vskip 2cm

\centerline{ \Large\bf   Acknowledgments}
This work is  supported by the National
Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea
government(MEST) through the Center for Quantum Spacetime(CQUeST) of
Sogang University with grant number 2005-0049409.  I would like
to thank Seungjoon Hyun, Wooje Jang, Jaehoon Jeong, Yongjoon Kwon, Soonkeon Nam,  and Jong-Dae Park    for useful discussions.

\newpage

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
Q: Can anyone please explain what does mapreduce.job.reduces =-1 means Need to understand the purpose of mapreduce.job.reduces = -1. I understand the attribute mapreduce.job.reduces reduces the file output to the configured value, but what does -1 means.

A: Quoting Hive's documentation:

mapred.reduce.tasks  <-- (In YARN it is mapreduce.job.reduces)
      Default Value: -1
      Added In: Hive 0.1.0
The default number of reduce tasks per job. Typically set to a prime close to the number of available hosts. Ignored when mapred.job.tracker is "local". Hadoop set this to 1 by default, whereas Hive uses -1 as its default value. By setting this property to -1, Hive will automatically figure out what should be the number of reducers.

Setting the number of reducers is much more than setting the number of output files. It somehow defines the level of parallelism, i.e., how many reduce tasks will run in parallel. If using 1 reduce task, no parallelism is achieved. If 2 reduce tasks are used, ideally, you want to cut the workload (and execution time) of each reduce task to half. The same holds for the number of mappers, but this is trickier to set.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The race: Here's the story from winner Magnus Nielsen's Orica-Scott team.
Magnus Cort Neilsen continued his spectacular form on Spanish soil today, sprinting to an impressive victory for Oroca-Scott in the 32nd Clasica de Almeria.
A perfectly executed finale saw the Australian outfit control the race through the finishing circuits. First with Sam Bewley and Chris Juul Jensen, then 2016 Paris Roubaix champion Mathew Hayman and Luka Mezgec provided a textbook lead out for Cort to sprint to his second victory of the season.
A three-man breakaway went clear early on before the race came back together inside the final third to set up a thrilling finale.
"The boys were outstanding today," said Sport director Laurenzo Lapage. "Everyone was involved, we knew beforehand that we would have to work on the finishing circuits and the team took control beautifully. Once the breakaway came back we stuck to our plan religiously. Magnus is full of confidence after a great start to the season with his win last week in Valencia and you could see that with the way he finished it off today.
The 32nd edition of the Clasica de Almeria got underway with three riders attacking immediately out of the neutral zone. The peloton sat back, happy to let the trio push on with 190 kilometres ahead and after two hours of racing the gap stood at ten minutes.
Strong winds along the coast did not appear to impede the progress of the breakaway, still seven minutes ahead past the halfway point with two categorised climbs still to come before the finish. The peloton began to cut the advantage of three leaders with 60kilometres to go, finally making the catch 40 kilometes later.
A sprint finish was now on the cards and the battle for position dictated the velocity of the closing kilometres as the bunch sped through two finishing circuits in Roquetas de Mar.
Juul Jensen and Bewley led the Orica-Scott train at the front of the peloton with less than ten kilometres to go, jostling for position with Direct-Energie and Lotto-Soudal.
The 27-year-old Dane pulled over with three kilometres remaining with Jens Keukeleire, Hayman then Mezgec taking the reigns, delivering Cort into a perfect position to emphatically finish off the sprint and take the win.
2 SELIG, Rudiger BORA-HANSGROHE s.t.
3 DEBUSSCHERE, Jens LOTTO SOUDAL s.t.
4 BARBERO, Carlos MOVISTAR s.t.
5 CAPIOT, Amaury SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
6 PLANCKAERT, Baptiste KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
7 PATERSKI, Maciej CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
8 LOPEZ, Daniel BURGOS BH s.t.
9 KREDER, Raymond ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
10 VAN GENECHTEN,Jonas COFIDIS s.t.
11 PASQUALON, Andrea WANTY-GROUPE GOBERT s.t.
12 MAIKIN, Roman GAZPROM-RUSVELO s.t.
13 PIBERNIK, Luka BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
14 TRATNIK, Jan CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
15 TULIK, Angelo DIRECT ENERGIE s.t.
16 DELTOMBE, Kevin SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
17 KRUOPIS, Aidis VERANDA'S WILLEMS-CRELAN s.t.
18 PAGE, Dylan CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.
19 VANSPEYBROUCK, Pieter WANTY-GROUPE GOBERT s.t.
20 IRIZAR, Julen EUSKADI BASQUE COUNTRY s.t.
21 OFFREDO, Yoann WANTY-GROUPE GOBERT s.t.
22 SUTTERLIN, Jasha MOVISTAR s.t.
23 PLUCINSKI, Leszek CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
24 HERKLOTZ, Silvio BORA-HANSGROHE s.t.
25 SVESHNIKOV, Kirill GAZPROM-RUSVELO s.t.
26 VAN STAEYEN, Michaël COFIDIS s.t.
27 FARAZIJN, Maxime SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
28 MEZGEC, Luka ORICA-SCOTT s.t.
29 ARIESEN, Tim ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
31 DE BONDT, Dries VERANDA'S WILLEMS-CRELAN s.t.
36 RUBIO, Diego CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.
40 REINDERS, Elmar ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
41 SENECHAL, Florian COFIDIS s.t.
43 SCHWARZMANN, Michael BORA-HANSGROHE s.t.
46 PER, David BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
47 RUIZ, Joan BURGOS BH s.t.
48 GONZALEZ, Adrian EUSKADI BASQUE COUNTRY s.t.
49 FIRSANOV, Sergey GAZPROM-RUSVELO s.t.
50 SPILAK, Simon KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
51 BAUGNIES, Jérôme WANTY-GROUPE GOBERT s.t.
52 OWSIAN, Lukasz CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
53 V.KEIRSBULCK, Guillaume WANTY-GROUPE GOBERT s.t.
54 KIŠERLOVSKI, Robert KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
56 MATHIS, Marco KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
57 RESTREPO, Jhonatan KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
58 RIESEBEEK, Oscar ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
59 BENEDETTI, Cesare BORA-HANSGROHE s.t.
60 GALLOPIN, Tony LOTTO SOUDAL s.t.
62 BROZYNA, Piotr CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
63 MERINO, Igor BURGOS BH s.t.
64 BOUHANNI, Rayane COFIDIS s.t.
65 MROZEK, Marcin CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
66 MORENO, Javier BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
67 FERNANDEZ, Ruben MOVISTAR s.t.
68 GROßSCHARTNER, Felix CCC SPRANDI POLKOWICE s.t.
69 OURSELIN, Paul DIRECT ENERGIE s.t.
70 VAN DER SANDE, Tosh LOTTO SOUDAL s.t.
71 IZAGIRRE, Gorka MOVISTAR s.t.
72 IZAGUIRRE, Jon BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
73 WALLAYS, Jens SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
74 BIZKARRA, Mikel EUSKADI BASQUE COUNTRY s.t.
75 DUPONT, Timothy VERANDA'S WILLEMS-CRELAN s.t.
76 JURADO, Marcos BURGOS BH s.t.
77 NOVAK, Domen BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
78 DE VRIES, Berden ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
79 IRISARRI, Jon CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.
80 BEWLEY, Sam ORICA-SCOTT s.t.
81 LIETAER, Eliot SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
82 BARRENETXEA, Ander EUSKADI BASQUE COUNTRY s.t.
83 WALLAYS, Jelle LOTTO SOUDAL s.t.
84 NIBALI, Antonio BAHRAIN-MERIDA s.t.
85 ZABALA, Josu CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.
86 SOLER, Marc MOVISTAR s.t.
87 OIEN, Justin CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.
88 BELKOV, Maxim KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
89 FOLIFOROV, Alexander GAZPROM-RUSVELO s.t.
90 KOZONTCHUK, Dmitriy GAZPROM-RUSVELO s.t.
91 BILLE, Gaetan VERANDA'S WILLEMS-CRELAN s.t.
92 VAN ZUMMEREN, Stef VERANDA'S WILLEMS-CRELAN s.t.
93 VAN ROOY, Kenneth SPORT VLAANDEREN-BALOIS s.t.
94 VICIOSO, Ángel KATUSHA-ALPECIN s.t.
95 PEDRERO, Antonio MOVISTAR s.t.
96 JUUL JENSEN, Christopher ORICA-SCOTT s.t.
97 MEIJERS, Jeroen ROOMPOT-NEDERLANDSE LOTERIJ s.t.
99 GUILLEMOIS, Romain DIRECT ENERGIE s.t.
101 BENOOT, Tiesj LOTTO SOUDAL s.t.
104 PETIT, Adrien DIRECT ENERGIE s.t.
105 COQUARD, Bryan DIRECT ENERGIE s.t.
108 BUTLER, Christopher CAJA RURAL-SEGUROS RGA s.t.


Square makes commerce easy. Square offers tools to start, run, and grow your business – from hardware that accepts credit cards to software that tracks inventory, analytics and invoicing. The Square Developer Platform lets you build your own custom commerce solution on the Square you know and trust, for both online (eCommerce), and offline (in-store).


In present times, the question about the uncertain future of logo designers on the web often tends to arise. The reason for this is mainly the changing world of graphic designing which has forced the future of many logo designers into uncertainty. So let us find out the reason behind this change.
The world of graphic design or logo designing to be more specific is under threat. The reason for this threat is not one, but many. From education to the present day economy, everything is responsible for the uncertain future of logo designers on the web.
The point of designing a logo is to convey or communicate a message or idea from one institution or person to another, purely by means of pictures, symbols etc, i.e. without directly explaining or saying anything. But, in the present day world, the term graphic design itself has come to mean something else. It is no longer about the creativity or uniqueness of a person's designs, but it is an all-in-one term. Not only are designers expected to be skilled in deigning logos, they are often expected to exhibit the same amount of skill in designing websites or working with the most recent software available in the market today. Graphic designing is no longer only about creating a unique logo.
Thus, logo designers who were in this profession for a long time and are skilled for this job alone are suddenly faced with a grave situation as they are expected to perform duties outside their area of expertise.
This change in the world of designing had started to make its presence felt long ago and thus the change was not really abrupt or completely unexpected. Over the last few decades, there has been a remarkable growth in the number of educational institutions offering courses on the subject of graphic design or logo design. However, these courses hardly have anything to do with the delicate art of creating a logo. They are keener on teaching the students how to handle and operate various technical devices like the adobe, Mac or pc. This is a clear indication of the fact that the demand for such technical operators is much higher than conventional designers.
In addition to the changing trend in the world of graphic designing, the economic recession of recent times brought about its major downfall. Due to this recession, the demand for logo designing has gone considerable down, resulting in uncertain future of logo designers on web. All but the best designers are forced to retire from this field, as many companies attempt to save themselves from going bankrupt by cutting down on employee salary. Similarly, the hourly payment rates have also dropped. Even those logo designers on the web who are freelancers are affected by this economic downfall.
Even though we say that only the best companies and the most skilled designers will able to survive, that does not mean that we will see a marked rise in the quality of work that is produced during this time. The reason for this is right in front of our eyes. Those companies who require logos to be designed will also be pressurized for money in the current economic scenario. So they will try their best to save money by avoiding the expense of hiring a professional logo designer. Instead people would try to create their very own logo for their own company by learning the most recent software application, Photoshop etc. therefore, it is only natural that due to the lack of professional skills, the standard of work produced will be inferior compared to what we had seen in earlier times.
Though this decline of economy and growth of the trend of designing one's own logos leads to uncertain future of logo designers on web, this is not the only thing that comes out of this practice. This practice will start a trend of communicating one's own ideas oneself and in some cases it can even communicate messages better. The original graphic or logo designers will however have to go for a change of profession due to this practice. They can now utilize their original skills in the profession to teach or encourage others to communicate their individual ideas through logos. This way even the ones who are not professionals in the field, will be able to produce some meaningful quality of work.
Just as the method of expressing thoughts through pictures or graphics have undergone a huge transition over the centuries, from the era of cave paintings to the present era of designing using software, the previously known field of logo designing may also evolve and change to suit the present times. Thus, even if this change has brought about the uncertain future of logo designers on web, it is expected that with time these designers will find a place where they can utilize their skills.
Nice article. as a logo designer i do accept all the facts here, n appreciate the writing!


Rachel had her dance recital, and now Kayla has a dance of a different kind to show.
Ann-Marie has recently started playing music while Kayla rides. Make sure you have your volume up when watching this video. Watch how Rhythm seem to be prancing to the beat of the song. It is like Kayla and Rhythm really are dancing. Pretty cool. Sure jazzes up the regular riding lessons, huh?
Really a great video of Kayla riding. Is this training for barrel racing?
Since Kayla has obviously stuck with horsemanship (horsepersonship to be PC) and I know she is only 13 (going on 30) but is she/you giving any thoughs to a career having to do with horses, ranch management, etc? Now is the time to start planning.
This is actually pole bending. You can find this high-speed pole weaving event in western shows. She's doing this for fun, though. She's actually going to start training for show jumping.


City Of Rubble | GetLitt!
Srinath, Suresh, & Harleen live at the Guild of Orphans. After a bad scuffle, the children begin to feel the building of their Guild begin to rumble. They fall out the window to see their building,& others like it, walking away & they have also taken their friend Kishore captive! Following a trail strewn across the City of Rubble, the trio stumble from one adventure to the next. Read on to find out what all the children encounter in their quest to rescue their friend in this exciting story!


L'Occitane's coveted Lavender range will have a new face and by that I mean new products, ingredients and packaging which will launch in March 2012. Products in the L'Occitane Lavender range help to reduce anxiety, ease stress and help provide a good night's sleep. I am obssessed with the scent of lavender as I find it really does ease of stress and help me to relax.
I was sent three products from the new Lavender range to trial and these include the following: Foaming Bath (500ml $34.95), Body Massage Gel (200ml $39.95) and Scented Candle (150g $34.95). The packaging for the new Lavender range still features the purple and silver colour packaged combination like the old packaging, however the labelling has completely changed. The text on the labels are bold and the overall packaging gives a modern look.
I felt relaxed and pampered after using this Foaming Bath product as the fragrance was strong, though not overpowering, and made me feel heavenly! The aromatic bubble bath made the whole bathroom filled with the scent of lavender and it was really divine!
Upon first twisting open the lid, the Body Massage Gel was sealed with foil. I like the idea of keeping products fresh and sealed before usage to ensure the product is just as good as it was when formulated. The gel is an opaque white with a hint of soft lavender. I imagined this gel to provide a lightweight and cooling sensation once applied, however, I was wrong! The consistency of this Body Massage Gel is relatively thick and reason for this is it's main purpose is to be used as a massage gel! This is a first for me as I have never used a massage gel product before. The thick consistency means you should only use the product in small amounts and gentle massage it on the surface of the skin.
The gel felt smoothing and the aroma was very soothing! I wasn't too happy about the gel leaving my skin felling sticky after application as it didn't absorb into my skin and it didn't leave my skin felling matte. It wasn't until the next morning that my skin felt very moisturised and beautiful! Despite the sticky finish, I'm in love with this lavender scented massage gel as it leaves me feeling relaxed and leaves my skin feeling moisturised.
When it comes to choosing the right scent for home difussers, incense, oil-burners, room sprays and candles, the lavender or jasmine scents are my personal preferences. I was thrilled when I saw L'Occitane had scented lavender candles as what better way could you spread the scent of lavender in the home? This candle is estimated to last 20 hours and I like the idea of packaging this candle in a round tin. That way there would be no wastage once the candle is almost used up.
Do you love Lavender scented products?
Which Lavender scented products are you most favourite?
Products were provided for consideration only. This review is 100% based on my own thoughts and opinions. I am not affiliated with L'Occitane and did not receive remuneration to post this product review.


Payments for memberships in social organizations cannot be paid with university funds.
To establish the rules for paying memberships in social organizations. OMB Circular A-21 specifically disallows these types of expenses as a direct or indirect cost charged to grants and contracts.
Examples of social organizations are clubs, golf course membership dues, sororities, fraternities and civic organizations.
The policy was updated in May 11, 2015 to delete text in Procedures section as none is needed.


Obtain optimum well being by means of conventional and various therapies. Therapies performed by therapists that are not licensed healthcare professionals. Our apply combines traditional major care with evidence-based, different medicine therapies to advertise wellness. An approach to drugs that emphasizes treating the person as a complete, with particular consideration to the interconnections of the thoughts and body and of the systems inside the body.
A practitioner with a holistic approach treats the signs of illness in addition to looking for the underlying cause of the illness. Holistic medication additionally attempts to stop illness by placing a larger emphasis on optimizing health – the physique's pure state is one of well being.
Totally interact your sense of goal and turn into a pacesetter in integrative health and medication. In treating an animal, a holistic veterinarian will decide the very best mixture of each typical and alternative (or complementary) therapies for a given individual.
Uncover the size of Holistic Healthcare in our new and thought-upsetting useful resource. The bottom line: As more folks embrace pure healing, the opportunities might grow for holistic well being practitioners. Therefore, techniques that at the moment are thought of part of Various Drugs will soon be thought-about a part of "standard" medication.
Many individuals who try holistic therapies deal with one area of their health solely, often detoxing and vitamin. Holistic medication aims to treat a affected person's underlying conditions as a substitute of just the symptoms. Patients are typically extra happy if a health care provider takes an holistic approach, feeling that their doctor has time for them and their problems.


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Q: How to take picture from Live face detection using Firebase_Camera_ml_vision I using flutter_camera_ml_vision 2.2.5 and there face detection example from their repository.
Please can someone tell me how to take picture from live detection?
Here is the link to the code:- https://github.com/rushio-consulting/flutter_camera_ml_vision/blob/master/example/lib/main_face.dart

A: flutter_camera_ml_vision is not what firebase team provides officially.
You may want to try the firebase_ml_vision plugin, which explains how to do it.
https://github.com/FirebaseExtended/flutterfire/tree/master/packages/firebase_ml_vision


The movement and the individual members of the political movement base their political project in conformity with the democratic principles and the charter of fundamental rights and therefore reject any past or present affiliation, connection or sympathy to any authoritarian or totalitarian project.
MENF is convinced that the sovereignty of states and peoples, relying on the cooperation between nations, and therefore reject any policy designed to create a supra-state or supra-national model. The opposition to any transfer of national sovereignty to supranational bodies and/or European institutions is one of the fundamental principles uniting members of the MENF.
The parties and individual MEPs of the MENF base their political alliance on the preservation of the identity of the peoples and nations of Europe, in accordance with the specific characteristics of each people. The right to control and regulate immigration is thus a fundamental principle shared by the members of the MENF.
The parties and individual MEPs of the MENF recognize each other's right to defend their specific unique economic, social, cultural and territorial models. The MENF seeks to preserve the diversity of the political projects of its members.
The parties and individual MEPs base their political movement on defending individual freedoms and emphasising the particular importance of protecting freedom of speech amongst which digital freedoms which, today, are increasingly in jeopardy.
Svoboda a přímá demokracie – Tomio Okamura (SPD) is parliamentary party established in May 2015. Just after registration in June 2015 SPD attracted 9000 membership applications in the first three months, making the movement one of the largest political organisations in the Czech Republic.
The Rassemblement National aims to gather the Nation to defend its sovereignty, protect its integrity and to promote its historic values of civilization. Acting in strict compliance with the principles of freedom and democracy, we want to restore the Nation and its greatness by the application of republican laws and the establishment of a community of justice and solidarity. Attached to equality in law for all French citizens, without distinction of their origin, race or religion, the Front National defends national sovereignty and independence of the Nation.
Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) is a long time ally of Front National, FPÖ and Lega Nord and was from the beginning partner of the pre-group that Marine Le Pen formed after the last European election. Vlaams Belang is a Flemish independentist and right wing party that acts in line withe the importance of the national identity concept and operates in the Northern Dutch speaking part of Belgium.
Founded on December 4th 1989 from the merger of several regional autonomist movements in northern Italy, with the main political aim to make Italy a federal State. In this respect, in 2006 it was able to make a constitutional reform approved by the Parliament, unfortunately rejected in the subsequent referendum in all Regions but Lombardy and Veneto.
The FPÖ is one of the oldest and strongest parties in Austria. It is represented in the national assembly, with 38 seats, and in all nine federal parliaments – in some of them, in the regional government. Since 2005, the head of the party has been the Viennese-born Heinz Christian Strache, who took over the party ten years ago and led it to become the strongest party in Austria, currently with nearly 30 % in all polls.
Kongres Nowej Prawicy (KNP) jest polską partią polityczną o wyraźnie liberalnym (w sferze gospodarczej) i konserwatywnym (w sferze zasad i wartości) charakterze. Partia powstała jesienią roku 2010. Jako jedyna z polskich partii unio-sceptycznych, Kongres uzyskał poparcie społeczne pozwalające wprowadzić do Parlamentu Europejskiego czterech posłów. Partia konsekwentnie opowiada się za wystąpieniem Polski z takiej Unii Europejskiej, w jaką obecnie się Ona przekształciła i powrotem do "Europy państw narodowych" – pokojowej współpracy suwerennych państw.
VOLYA – Le projet politique de Veslin Mareshki est un nouveau parti politique qui après les élections législatives de mars 2017 siège pour la première fois dans le Parlement bulgare. VOLYA fait la promotion du patriotisme, des contrôles stricts de l'immigration, des relations plus amicales avec Moscou et la nécessité de «balayer » l'établissement politique corrompu.
Le parti a été fondé par M. Veslin Mareshki, un homme d'affaires bulgare dans la branche pharmaceutique et pétrolier. Il possède des participations dans 46 entreprises diverses. Il est propriétaire de deux entreprises pharmaceutiques cosmétiques. En 2015 il entre sur le marché pétrolier et ouvre ses premières stations de gaz en forçant les grandes entreprises à baisser leur prix.
NEA DEXIA (New Right) is a right-wing political party, founded on 13 May 2016 by lawyer Failos Kranidiotis.
On June 1, 2016, Failos Kranidiotis handed over the first official press conference at the Electra Palace Hotel in Athens, where he announced the party's presidium and presented the 17 members of the National Council of the New Right.
Nea Dexia calls for a strong national economy and the preservation of national identity where law, order, freedom, safe borders, safe neighborhoods and secure public spaces are the main goals.
For Britain is a positive, pro-British, pro-democracy party, which believes in preserving the culture and values of the decent British majority, and passing these on to future generations. We believe in the democratic mandate of the people, and therefore demand the UK's complete withdrawal from the European Union without further delay. We believe in truth, justice, and freedom. We seek to create a Britain where the rule of law is upheld, and justice prevails over political convenience. We will restore freedom of speech as the backbone of the democratic system. We sit neither on the Left nor the Right; we are the decent, fair, common sense majority whose voice has been ignored for too long.
The political movement SME RODINA (We are family) – Boris Kollár was founded in response to the situation in Slovakia and Europe. We sensitively perceive the threat of Slovak families from the outside but also from the inside. Therefore, the movement SME RODINA – Boris Kollár has been involved in political life in Slovakia and decided to address Slovakia with its vision.


GreatZip is the PUP that uses misleading techniques to prevent removal. Use Reimage to locate malicious components and get rid of them faster than with uninstall instructions. A full system scan blocks virus reappearance and prevents traffic to malicious domains.
GreatZip is a program which can enter the system through other downloaded software.
GreatZip is a highly annoying program that is classified as an adware. It does not only display ads itself but is also advertised by other adware programs that launch initiate redirections to hxxp://GreatZip.com/adv1/ that suggests installing "Your Download Software Manager." The installer of this software contains additional programs that might belong to the spyware category. In other words, the virus is meant to convince you to install highly suspicious software bundles that can contain spyware or, in the worst case, malware type programs.
GreatZip is advertised as the "best file compressor" that helps to zip and unzip files instantly. Unfortunately, this software is known to be promoting additional software alongside itself and present it as "recommended" to a computer user. Sadly, we are afraid that these programs can add no additional value to your computer and might even start to annoy you on a daily basis.
It is highly likely that these potentially unwanted programs are ad-supported, meaning that you will have to encounter pop-up and banner advertisements during your daily browsing sessions. Such problems are highly bothersome, to say at least. Nevertheless, advertising posts can be not only annoying, but they also might slow down your browser's performance. For this reason, you should remove GreatZip virus along with all other spyware from your computer immediately.
GreatZip ads appearing on your screen can also pose a big threat to your security and privacy. Adware that generates them usually seeks to provide targeted offers to increase the probability that the user clicks on them. Therefore, it collects information such as your search queries, visited websites, ads clicked and even more. Usually, having such information allows this adware comprehend what kind of content interests the user.
GreatZip is adware which produces numerous advertising posts that are useful only for the developers.
If you click on such ad, you activate a link that is hidden behind it, and such move triggers an URL redirect leading to a specific external site. Although technically adware is not malicious itself, it can lead you to sites that might be highly dangerous. For this reason, we do not recommend you to attempt to explore content behind "ads by GreatZip" pop-ups.
If you receive advertisements leading you to unfamiliar sites, it means that you are infected with an adware program that needs to be deleted immediately. For GreatZip removal, you can employ programs like Reimage or delete the infection yourself using the instructions we added to this article.
GreatZip is adware which suggests installing potentially unwanted programs that bundle additional spyware applications.
According to researchers from Virusai.lt, many free programs attempt to lure victims into installing additional software, promising that it can benefit the user somehow. Sadly, the functionality of such programs is usually hardly reliable because besides of providing some simple function, such as file format conversion, these programs track computer users and display dozens of ads brought by certain ad networks.
Luckily, it is not hard to prevent such programs from acting this way. The user simply has to stay attentive and do not let some suspicious programs trick him into installing unwanted software. Therefore, we recommend you to check what installation settings are pre-selected when you attempt to install a new computer program. We are positive that the Default or the Standard option will be the chosen one. Your task is to switch the selection to Custom or Advanced option and then deselect all additional applications/extensions/plug-ins offered to you.
GreatZip adware is a PUP which can slow down browsing work.
It is highly recommended that you remove GreatZip virus right now. This program is hardly reliable, and it can significantly diminish your browsing experience. To prevent this program from causing system slowdowns, redirects and displaying pop-up ads, perform the elimination or simply clean your computer system using the anti-spyware or anti-malware software.
You can also perform the GreatZip removal by using the manual technique. We have displayed such method below this article. What you will have to do is clean infected web browsers such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, or others. Make sure you carry out this method with big care as one missed dubious component might easily renew the adware.
Here, look for GreatZip or any other recently installed suspicious programs.
When in the new window, check Delete personal settings and select Reset again to complete GreatZip removal.
Once these steps are finished, GreatZip should be removed from your Microsoft Edge browser.
Delete all questionable additions from Firefox by following the provided instructions.
Here, select GreatZip and other questionable plugins. Click Remove to delete these entries.
Now you will see Reset Firefox to its default state message with Reset Firefox button. Click this button for several times and complete GreatZip removal.
Check if Chrome contains any suspicious extensions that shouldn't be on it.
Here, select GreatZip and other malicious plugins and select trash icon to delete these entries.
Click Reset to confirm this action and complete GreatZip removal.
Here, select Extensions and look for GreatZip or other suspicious entries. Click on the Uninstall button to get rid each of them.
Now you will see a detailed dialog window filled with reset options. All of those options are usually checked, but you can specify which of them you want to reset. Click the Reset button to complete GreatZip removal process.
^ Mary Landesman. What Are Adware and Spyware?. Lifewire. Tech Untangled.
^ Virusai.lt. Virusai. Spyware news website.
^ Network. Techopedia. IT definitions.
This entry was posted on 2018-10-24 at 01:56 and is filed under Adware, Viruses.
You can quickly scan the QR code with your mobile device and have GreatZip ads manual removal instructions right in your pocket.
How did you remove GreatZip ads?


Glossi, the do-it-yourself digital magazines publisher, released several new features on Wednesday as it prepares to leave private beta and hit the masses.
Right now, the Los Angeles-based startup allows users to create their own 'zines by assembling text, GIFs, images and videos onto pages that are navigable by swiping tablet and e-reader screens.
Glossi only employs 14 people, but already includes brands like DKNY and Nine West, magazines like Cosmopolitan and Lucky Magazine, and fashion icons like Nina Garcia. Now, with advanced editing tools geared to let self-publishers be even more creative, Glossi could be the next hot vehicle for professional and amateur publishers to spread influence.
New features include customizable templates, the ability to clone existing Glossi pages for expedited workflow, and "stands" — a newsstand-inspired offering that lets you embed curated collections on your website, blog or Facebook page. You can even monetize your work by setting a visible price tag on your Glossi covers.
Lionsgate Entertainment currently uses Glossi's tools to promote The Hunger Games movies, asking fans to create unique magazines and submit their creations to a dedicated Facebook page. This fan-generated marketing campaign doesn't cost Lionsgate very much money, and serves as an example for other brands to tap into the Glossi publishing system as an ecommerce machine.
Over the past three months, Glossi magazines have accrued 300,000 views — with more than 1 million total views on individual pages per month.
"If you take the time to customize it, you probably like what you're doing," CEO and co-founder Matt Edelman explains. "The whole reason we created Glossi is because we looked at how content consumption patterns are changing."
The digital publishing space is getting crowded. But what sets Glossi apart from competitors like Flipboard and OpenZine, says Edelman, is its simple interface, social sharing options and adoption by big content creators. Edelman calls Glossi a "tech company enabling the creation of media."
At the moment, Glossi is free, with only a handful of users paying. Edelman wouldn't elaborate on the details of his partnerships, referencing the company's goal of targeting what works and what doesn't in the early going.
"We don't feel compelled to charge people right now because we're learning," he says.
Edelman predicts future iterations of the platform will include freemium options and tiered pricing. Other tools on the horizon will help distribute and monetize users' magazines, and potentially even direct placement to facilitate sales on sites like Amazon and personal blogs. He hopes to launch these features by the end of 2013.
Edelman says praise from early adopters gives him more reason to look forward to the next step. "[Glossi is] a great tool for creating strong visual content with an inspirational experience," says Melissa Gonzalez, the CEO and founder of fashion ecommerce company Lion'esque Style. Gonzales primarily uses Glossi to publish weekly trend collections, brand launches, new products and style tips.
As part of his effort to make Glossi the first choice for publishers, Edelman says he's open to print digital magazines on paper. "The irony is when you print, you might lose components of what makes a Glossi so special," he says. "But if you design a Glossi that has static pages, there's no reason in the future we wouldn't have it as another option."


Our rating out of 10: 9 (highly reusable classes, feats, new equipment and races. Concepts like the Fallen class and it's versatile and clever approach to combat, or the Ferran race are things that have been largely missing from core Pathfinder and are worthy imports into any home-brew or established campaign setting - either wholesale or with minor tweaks).
For nearly a thousand years the world of Aden knew peace, technology and magic flourished and the realms grew rich and fat. Then one day, with no warning the sun disappeared and the world was plunged into darkness – as if someone had switched off the light. And in this darkness emerged the Nocturnals – the nightmares of every sentient living creature made real, and though the darkness lasted only a short time when the sun appeared again the Nocturnals were still there. Killing, feasting on an unsuspecting world – millions fell, others gave in to the madness and terror giving their souls over to it to become another horror. 10 years after the Darkfall the world struggles grow against a land overrun and tainted by the Nocturnals.
This is the premise for Thunderscape the World of Aden a godless world where magic and technology are synonymous. The book features all new classes, races, feats, other uses for skills and an entire section to new mecha-magical equipment and the rules surrounding it.
It also adds a terrifying new monsters, and an even more horrifying template – Nocturnal, that allows you to turn old monsters into new sinister specimens for your party to fight.
There are 7 new races in the Thunderscape campaign setting as well as the classic Dwarves, Elves, Humans and Half-Elves. Many of these new races are evolved forms of classic fantasy races. Goreaux are hyper intelligent goblins, Jurak are more civilized descendants of Orcs, Faerkin are gnomes who have crossbred with fey to such an extent that they often manifest outwardly fey traits. Rapcians are almost a south american themed lizardfolk. The new original races are the Echoes – featureless humanoids with an inky exterior that can adopt the shape and features of the deceased. The Illithix Exiles, a insectoid species with the hybrid features of bees and ants and the Ferran. The Ferran are a species of anthropomorphic animals, with three different racial packages – Ferran Predator, Brute or Sneak allowing players to decide what category their Ferran wants to come from. Mice Ferrans are probably sneaks, likewise Foxes, but there are no hard restrictions.
The classic fantasy races listed follow many of the original tropes, Elves as aloof and distant, Humans as versatile. Dwarves get a new backstory though, originating beneath the earth they eventually dug to the surface whereupon they believed themselves to have 'dug into heaven', fully three quarters of the race went back underground decrying those that stayed as heathens and waging a secret war on them.
Racial abilities are fair and balanced, with interesting note to the Jurak who gain a bonus to damage against any foe that has injured them within 3 rounds. Echoes likewise must make poppets incorporating material from the deceased they wish to appear as.
There are 9 all new core classes to play as, Arbiter, Entomancer, Fallen, Golemoid, Mechamage, Seer, Steamwright, Thaumaturge and Thunderscout. Very few of these will feel familiar, one could loosely compare the Mechamage to a Wizard but the focus on building familiar-esque golems and modifying them is a big enough difference to be worth read over a few times.
The Arbiter is an Int based shield and weapon fighter with rogue like elements thrown in with their 'Strategic Maneuvers' picked every 2nd level after 3rd level.
The Entomancer is almost a sort of totemic druid that venerates insects, they too chose at every odd level an insect themed power from a series of lists including 'The Way of the Mantis', 'The Way of the Bee'. While they can take powers from any list they can only access the greater powers by having a certain number of abilities from within a single Way.
The Fallen is perhaps one of the most unique classes to Thunderscape, they are those people who have been corrupted by the Darkfall but are often the anti-heroes that use their sinister powers to fight the darkness. From the 1st level of the Fallen class a player must choose one of 6 'Stigmas' (Befouled, Behemoth, Horror, Incinerator, Madcap and Seducer) these stigmas mark you are tainted but are also your source of power. As you level up you gain powers associated with the stigma you chose and each functions differently.
As a class the Fallen is about combination, a default ability native to any Fallen is the ability to inflict a form of psychic torment on an opponent as a swift action. Opponent so marked save vs a status effect (like Shaken) and whether they save or not against the status effect are marked as 'tormented'. Tormented subjects take additional damage from the Fallen and are subject to a variety of other effects based off that mark.
An example would include the Madcap stigma ability to be invisible to any tormented foe, allowing a Madcap to use another ability to inflict an area effect burst of torment so that a room full of enemies cannot see him until either the tormented condition runs it's course or he breaks the invisibility by attacking – at which point he becomes visible to that particular victim.
By far this class is one of the most clever in the entire book as each stigma has different ways of inflicting area affect torment as well as offering other unique debuffs that go along with their tormented condition.
The Golemoid is another thoroughly unique class, they represent people who have either willingly or unwillingly become hosts to mechamagical implants (called manite implants) that reduce their life-span but become a part of them. As they level so given over to this magic they begin to grow new implants, shedding their organic heritage to become living constructs.
Almost all of their implants function off a grit like system called 'Steam' gaining an amount equal to their Level + Constitution modifier. This spendable resource allows them to activate many of their implants or gives them the ability to detect magic, buff their AC for a round, help them make acrobatics checks or break objects.
Similar to a fighter the Golemoid chooses early on a specialty, in this case a form of combat. Steam powered weaponry, ranged combat or natural weapons. Their implants reinforce these decisions with a Gunner specialty Golemoid likely taking an internal ammo belt and finger guns for an optimal build. But implants are not limited by specialization allowing the player to customize as they see fit.
The Seer is another original class, functioning as a close range bard who altered reality around her with her prophetic auras. Many of these auras allow a save, and an enemy that saves can be forced to make another save if they leave and re-enter the aura. Possibly subject to abuse by Seers who dance backward and forward to trigger a new save. The auras are unique offering things like 'decrease the amount of healing an enemy receives by the Seer's Wisdom modifier, while increasing ally healing by the same amount', or even allowing her to give additional actions to allies with her new but limited spell list.
The Steamwright is another new class, as cutting edge techno-mages they invent volatile gadgets that only function a certain number of times per day but offer a fair bit of bang for their buck. These inventions can be modified, limited by whether it is a primary or secondary invention and by the class level of the Steamwright. Inventions include new weapons; like the Belcher (cone effect elemental damage), Grenade Launcher (the envy of alchemists everywhere) or even small auto Turrets. Utility inventions include rocket packs, translation goggles, trap detectors and so on.
In addition Steamwrights may over-charge their weaponized inventions adding a pool of damage dice that they must declare beforehand. A Steamwright with a grenade launcher by level 5 could in theory deal 2d10 + Int mod AoE with an additional 2d8 firepower damage. In addition to deploying an auto turret that fires independently for 1d8 + Int mod. In terms of game-play balance Steamwrights pose a bit of a balance issue, outclassing all other similar level classes in raw damage even with a limited number of uses per day.
After the Steamwright is the Thaumaturge, a reimagining of the Magic of Incarnum supplement for 3.5. The Thaumaturge has a deliberately abominable stat line, because all their power comes from drawing about legends and their aspects. These change your base saves, BAB and even give you temporary hit points. A Thaumaturge might never be able to cast spells but if you need a stand in Fighter, Rogue or Ranger then they are the Swiss army knife of classes.
Finally the last new class is the Thunderscout, and one that impressed me least. They are small vehicle driving rangers meet 3.5ed Scouts and for certain nations they fit well with the fluff, so they make sense contextually. But mechanically compared to any of the other new classes they are far more boring. They get spells earlier but a limited selection and they are designed as swift moving vehicular ranged support. They don't have the interesting combination build up tool box the fallen have, or the customizability of the Golemoid. They don't bring highly modified golems to the party, or super-tech inventions. They aren't as flexible as the thaumaturge and they don't buff their allies as well as the Seer. Thunderscouts are a great fluff class and mechanically they are what Rangers dream of being but that doesn't make them as interesting – only competent.
After the new classes there are explanations for how all the old classes fit in, including a bunch of new archetypes to make regular classes work in Thunderscape. This is also where the first mention of godless clerics and paladins come up. See if Thunderscape ever had deities, then they aren't there now. The World of Aden lives and dies on it's inhabitants, divine spellcasters still power their spells through faith but no-one is answering any calls when they try to start up a conversation.
Additionally we learn that Detect Good/Evil, etc spells only function on the supernatural. Monstrous Humanoids, planar beings, all detect as an alignment, but ordinary beings don't. This is because as a setting Thunderscape focuses on surviving and thriving in a world being devoured by nightmares. Mundane evil is as invested in their own survival as they are mostly avoiding corruption and losing their mind. This means that a game revolves less around party alignment and more about prevailing what ever the cost.
An important note though about the base classes in Thunderscape, guns in Thunderscape are treated as highly common to the point where many of the base classes gain a firearm proficiency or two, the twist is that guns, work like bows. So Gunslingers are problematic as many of their abilities function on hitting touch still. Either you nerf them, or you let them out class almost every other class.
The new feats are all fairly standard, with exceptions like the feat Studied that grants additional free skill points base on your current level and gives you 1 additional skill point each level thereafter. This could be prone to abuse, but it also indicates that the writers wanted characters not to ignore skills as is commonly a problem.
The remainder of the book covers a detailed historical timeline of the setting, a large section dedicated to each of the countries and a section dedicated to new weaponry and rules. Including the effects of manite implants on living beings – a fascinating read and delightful new mechanic. The Bestiary section is only 11 pages long and could do with more substance, and after that the index section (along with the original table of contents) is all nicely hyper-linked – like all proper pdfs should be, allowing easy navigation of the book.
At the end of the day I love this book, it is well thought out and while there are minor editing oversights (some inconsistent phrasing of pathfinder core rules) or omissions in detail (regarding the new spells for animating constructs) the editing and presentation of the book are superb. The art is a bit of a mixed bag with many internal chapter pages having gorgeous tableaus but other art being markedly less high in quality (most commonly in the races section).


Corporate Social Responsibility – what about inside the organization?
This week I was forwarded the list of Canada's 50 Best Corporate Citizens (2011). It's a list that Corporate Knights ("the Magazine for Clean Capitalism") started about 10 years ago. Who knew there was such a list? I was amazed! I discovered through Madelaine Drohan's article in the report … [Continue reading] Corporate Social Responsibility – what about inside the organization?