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I thought I'd do an overall favourites post about 2018, because although I do it monthly and talk about my favourites, it'd just be good to have a summary of favourites from throughout the year.
Of course with talking about my favourite things from 2018, I'll be mentioning my top 3 favourites from each category I talk about monthly on my favourites post, including beauty, TV, film, book, music and games.
I'm hoping for the New Year to try and include favourite clothing as well! I wanted to start doing this halfway through 2018, but instead I thought I'd wait until the New Year to start including it. You'll see this coming into my monthly favourite posts starting in February, when I do my January favourites.
But for now, let's start talking about my favourites from 2018!
1. The Body Shop Banana Body Yogurt (review).
2. Australian Bodycare Skin Wash.
3. Lime Crime Plushies in shades Cherry Soda and Gumdrop (review).
1. How to Keep a Mummy.
2. American Horror Story: Cult.
3. Hitoshi Matsumoto Presents Documental.
3. A Polar Bear In Love.
1. Arianna Grande – "No Tears Left to Cry".
2. Mahalia – "I Wish I Missed My Ex".
3. Don Broco – "Stay Ignorant".
3. Pokemon Go/Pokemon: Let's Go Eevee!
What were your favourites from 2018? Make sure to let me know in the comments!
I can't believe we're into the first week of 2019 now. Where is time going already?!


Prepare to be swept of your feet by Moscow State Circus at their new show, Gostinitsa. This show combines the circus with the Golden Age of Hollywood and has all the spectacle and nerve-tingling, edge-of-your-seat entertainment you'd expect for the whole family.
An accumulation of years of hard work, witness award-winning clowns and magnificent acrobats perform tricks as well as try to make you laugh through the Hotel of Curiosities.
The Moscow State Circus is a magical experience for people of all ages coming together to see some fantastically unbelievable acts.


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Health and healthcare access among Zambia's female prisoners: a health systems analysis
Topp, Stephanie M., Moonga, Clement N., Mudenda, Constance, Luo, Nkandu, Kaingu, Michael, Chileshe, Chisela, Magwende, George, Heymann, Jody S., and Henostroza, German (2016) Health and healthcare access among Zambia's female prisoners: a health systems analysis. International Journal for Equity in Health, 15 (157). pp. 1-14.
Available under License Creative Commons Attribution.
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-016-0449-y
Background: Research exploring the drivers of health outcomes of women who are in prison in low- and middle-income settings is largely absent. This study aimed to identify and examine the interaction between structural, organisational and relational factors influencing Zambian women prisoners' health and healthcare access.
Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews of 23 female prisoners across four prisons, as well as 21 prison officers and health care workers. The prisoners were selected in a multi-stage sampling design with a purposive selection of prisons followed by a random sampling of cells and of female inmates within cells. Largely inductive thematic analysis was guided by the concepts of dynamic interaction and emergent behaviour, drawn from the theory of complex adaptive systems.
Results: We identified compounding and generally negative effects on health and access to healthcare from three factors: i) systemic health resource shortfalls, ii) an implicit prioritization of male prisoners' health needs, and iii) chronic and unchecked patterns of both officer- and inmate-led victimisation. Specifically, women's access to health services was shaped by the interactions between lack of in-house clinics, privileged male prisoner access to limited transport options, and weak responsiveness by female officers to prisoner requests for healthcare. Further intensifying these interactions were prisoners' differential wealth and access to family support, and appointments of senior 'special stage' prisoners which enabled chronic victimisation of less wealthy or less powerful individuals.
Conclusions: This systems-oriented analysis revealed how Zambian women's prisoners' health and access to healthcare is influenced by weak resourcing for prisoner health, administrative biases, and a prevailing organisational and inmate culture. Findings highlight the urgent need for investment in structural improvements in health service availability but also interventions to reform the organisational culture which shapes officers' understanding and responsiveness to women prisoners' health needs.
women prisoners; prisoner health; prison health services; health systems
© 2016 The Author(s). Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
Zambian Office of the European Union (ZOEU)
16 STUDIES IN HUMAN SOCIETY > 1602 Criminology > 160202 Correctional Theory, Offender Treatment and Rehabilitation @ 50%
11 MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES > 1117 Public Health and Health Services > 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified @ 50%
92 HEALTH > 9202 Health and Support Services > 920299 Health and Support Services not elsewhere classified @ 50%
92 HEALTH > 9205 Specific Population Health (excl. Indigenous Health) > 920507 Womens Health @ 25%
92 HEALTH > 9205 Specific Population Health (excl. Indigenous Health) > 920599 Specific Population Health (excl. Indigenous Health) not elsewhere classified @ 25%
Last 12 Months: 14

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
The Broken Hearts Gallery
Lucy is a young gallery assistant who collects mementos from her relationships. She discovers that she must let go of her past to move forward, and comes up with a…
A socially distanced comedic satire that spotlights five characters breaking down and breaking through as they grapple with politics, culture, and the pandemic.
Genre: Comedy, Drama, TV Movie
Hoping to find a sense of connection to her late mother, Gorgeous takes a trip to the country to visit her aunt at their ancestral house. She invites her six…
Keep 'Em Flying
When a barnstorming stunt pilot decides to join the air corps, his two goofball assistants decide to go with him. Since the two are Abbott & Costello, the air corps…
One Night in the Tropics
Jim "Lucky" Moore, an insurance salesman, comes up with a novel policy for his friend, Steve: a 'love insurance policy', that will pay out $1-million if Steve does not marry…
Genre: Comedy, Music, Romance
Hold That Ghost
Two bumbling service station attendants are left as the sole beneficiaries in a gangster's will. Their trip to claim their fortune is sidetracked when they are stranded in a haunted…
Rio Rita
Doc and Wishey run into some Nazi-agents, who want to smuggle bombs into the USA from a Mexican border hotel.
Pardon My Sarong
A pair of bus drivers accidentally steal their own bus. With the company issuing a warrant for their arrest, they tag along with a playboy on a boat trip that…
Abbott y Costello In the Navy
Popular crooner Russ Raymond abandons his career at its peak and joins the Navy using an alias, Tommy Halstead. However, Dorothy Roberts, a reporter, discovers his identity and follows him…
Ride 'Em Cowboy
Two peanut vendors at a rodeo show get in trouble with their boss and hide out on a railroad train heading west. They get jobs as cowboys on a dude…
The Wistful Widow of Wagon Gap
Chester Wooley and Duke Egan are travelling salesmen who make a stopover in Wagon Gap, Montana while enroute to California. During the stopover, a notorious criminal is murdered, and the…
Genre: Comedy, Family, Western
The Time of Their Lives
Two ghosts who were mistakenly branded as traitors during the Revolutionary War return to 20th century New England to retieve a letter from George Washington which would prove their innocence.
Genre: Comedy, Fantasy
Mexican Hayride
Two con men selling phony stock flee to Mexico ahead of the law, where they run into a woman friend from their earlier days, who is now a bullfighter.
Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
After her husband dies, Alice and her son, Tommy, leave their small New Mexico town for California, where Alice hopes to make a new life for herself as a singer….
Snake in the Eagle's Shadow
Everyone abuses and humiliates a downtrodden orphan (Chan) until he befriends an old man, who turns out to be the last master of the "snake fist" fighting style. Jackie becomes…
The Very Excellent Mr. Dundee
Paul tries to restore his sullied reputation on the eve of being knighted.
Herb's life is a mess. He's lost his welfare, can't hold a job, can't talk to his son, has a neighbour who won't shut up and a diet that consists…
Kat and the Band
Seventeen year old, music obsessed school girl Kat Malone tricks her way into managing struggling band Dollar Days, pretending to be a band manager in her twenties.
A thirtieth birthday — and the survival of mankind — are left hanging in the balance after a mysterious creature crashes the party, forcing four childhood friends to save the…
Genre: Adventure, Comedy, Horror
Suburban Wildlife
Long time friends Louise, Nina and Alice celebrate their recent graduation with hectic partying, joined by their friend Kane who is the only friend not to attend university. Louise's imminent…
Nearly Departed
After a car crash kills the love of his life, Wilmont Hastings takes a job at Dobbs Funeral Home. As their new undertaker, he receives unwanted advice about how to…
Dale Archdale
When Dale Archdale's trailer park shuts down, he is forced to move in with his ex wife at her free rental house in an upscale community. Dale manages to catch…
DIVOS!
Teenage egos collide when a self-proclaimed "Broadway Legend in the Making" is forced to share the spotlight with the school's star athlete in the high school musical.
Psych 2: Lassie Come Home
After Santa Barbara Police Chief Carlton Lassiter is ambushed and left for dead, Shawn and Gus return to help him and find themselves embroiled in a case involving the personal,…
A Nice Girl Like You
Lucy Neal is thrown for a loop when she is accused of being too inhibited by her ex-boyfriend. In an effort to prove him wrong, Lucy creates a rather wild…
When best friends, Jack and Scottie, get a once in a lifetime shot at hidden loot, they take off on a cross-country adventure turned crime spree. With a whiny accidental…
The Bodyguard 2
The best agent of Vieng, the country near the boundary of Thailand received the important mission that he had to catch two armed dealers who could be the dangerous for…
When carefree Nyles and reluctant maid of honor Sarah have a chance encounter at a Palm Springs wedding, things get complicated as they are unable to escape the venue, themselves,…
Genre: Comedy, Romance, Science Fiction
Cold Souls
Paul is agonising over his interpretation of 'Uncle Vanya' and, paralysed by anxiety, stumbles upon a solution via a New Yorker article about a high-tech company promising to alleviate suffering…
Genre: Comedy, Drama, Fantasy, Science Fiction
A lonely shoe salesman and an eccentric performance artist struggle to connect in this unique take on contemporary life.
Elvis from Outer Space
A psychedelic rant about a gambling Elvis impersonator and his troubles with the Vegas Mafia, featuring a hapless crew of broken down Elvis impersonators who find themselves in competition with…
Genre: Adventure, Comedy, Science Fiction
Gam Cam Grrl
An irresistible femme fatale lures a notorious hacker to Moscow to help her commit the crime of the century.
Subferatu
In this satire, a group of modern-day Americans are captured by a WW2-era Uboat, with a sinister cargo, bound for NYC.
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The Three Unifiers of Sengoku Era Japan
by Professor Shelton Woods, Boise State University
Few civilizations escape periods of chaos and upheaval. For the Japanese, the Sengoku Era (1467-1603), also referred to as the Warring States Period was their age of turmoil. This essay explores the roots of the Sengoku period and the three men who emerged to restore a sense of political, economic, and social calm throughout the realm.
The Sengoku Ordeal
Since Minamoto Yoritomo was given the title seii tai-shogun (Japan's leading military figure) in 1192, Japan functioned as a semi-bicameral political state. The emperor, which legitimized the shogun's rule by appointing each successive military ruler, lived in Kyoto with other aristocratic families. The shogun and his close advisers chose an area to establish their geographical headquarters, which became known as the bakufu or the tent government. The Minamoto shogunate chose the beautiful setting of Kamakura as its home. The emperor reigned but did not rule; it was the shogun and his deputies that governed Japan.
By 1333 the Minamoto bakufu had grown weak and the expenses related to defending Japan against Mongol invasions (1274, 1281) emptied the bakufu's coffers. Cousins of the Minamoto shogun (all subsequent shoguns had to be related to Yoritomo) the Ashikaga clan established the second shogunate rule, the Ashikaga bakufu (1336-1573)and placed its headquarters in Kyoto's neighboring town of Muromachi. From the outset, the Ashikaga had multiple challenges of trying to keep unity throughout Japan. Upstart emperors who wanted greater say in the running of their realm had to be quieted while bakufu-appointed military governors faced the dilemma of deputies carving out independent fiefs throughout Japan.
As each decade passed, imperial and shogunate power and authority waned. Jizamurai—samurai who lived within villages—farmed during planting and harvesting season and fought during the other parts of the year. The bakufu tried to keep the centuries-long political system in place by appointing military governors, also known as shugo or daimyo to keep peace throughout Japan and provide taxes for the emperor and bakufu. These daimyo delegated authority to their retainer samurai and made some of them deputies (jito). But chaos prevailed through the first half of the sixteenth century. Jito began to break free from their overlords and farmers were brought into the fray as huge armies emerged to help the upstart jito and daimyo fight for control of the land.
The Japanese worldview which was an amalgamation of Confucian, Buddhist, and Shinto beliefs emphasized a schematized social system where loyalty, deference to authority, and a rigid class system kept Japan in relative peace and prosperity for close to a millennium. But everything seemed to have changed during the Ashikaga bakufu. Japan's sixteenth century moniker was gekokujo jidai "mastery of the high by the low." It seemed wherever anyone turned, rebellion and deference to authority was replaced by Machiavellian pragmatism.
To add fuel to the fire of chaos, it was in the mid-sixteenth century that Westerners, in the form of Portuguese traders and Jesuit priests, entered Japan. Guns and cannons first brought by the Portuguese were duplicated in mass by Japanese entrepreneurial daimyo and metal workers. These guns and cannons spurred daimyo and jito to establish castles as defense fortresses against Japan's nascent weaponry. The Portuguese were astounded at the lack of loyalty and the ubiquitous betrayals between jito and daimyo. It seemed that everyone, including farming villages, chose to follow whoever promised the lowest taxes along with the maximum protection. War and plunder characterized both the countryside and the imperial capital. While the emperor and shogun still held their titles and positions, they were powerless against the tide and momentum of civil wars across the domains. The situation was akin to the British tale of Humpty Dumpty, the English egg fallen off a wall and scattered into hundreds of pieces. There were not enough imperial officials and bakufu samurai to put Japan back together again. And then three men changed everything.
The Three Unifiers
Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu (following the Japanese pattern of the surname coming before the given name) were all samurai from central Honshu. But that's about where their similarities end. Their personalities and careers are contrasted by the following two anecdotes. A story is told that there was a bird that refused to sing. Nobunaga's response was to warn the bird, "Sing or I'll kill
you." Hideyoshi coaxed the bird by saying "I'll teach you to sing." Meanwhile, Ieyasu sat back and thought "I'll wait for the bird to sing." Another tale explains the pattern of how these three reunified Japan from a culinary perspective: Nobunaga kneaded the dough; Hideyoshi baked the pie; and Ieyasu ate the pie. The following paragraphs flesh out the meaning of these apocryphal stories.
Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582)
Oda Nobunaga's father was a deputy for a daimyo and was given responsibility for portions of the Owari domain. This was a province made up of eight districts and was one of the more productive portions of Japan for the dietary staple of rice. In 1551, Oda Nobunaga inherited the portion of land that his father protected and he began to extend his hegemony to other districts within Owari. As noted above, this was the common practice of the day. In a world of gekokuju jidai, all that was needed to extend one's authority was opportunity, vision, and bravery. Nobunaga had all of these items in his toolkit. Like other opportunists that extended their authority, Nobunaga needed a big break to attract masterless samurai and farming villages. That small marvel came in 1560 when a leading daimyo, Imagawa Yoshimoto from the neighboring Suruga Province led an army of 40,000 to squash the upstart Oda Nobunaga. With just 2,000 samurai, Nobunaga defeated Imagawa's invading force and in the battle Imagawa lost his life.
Nobunaga's quickly followed up this victory by forging an alliance in 1562 with Tokugawa Ieyasu, the daimyo of Mikawa Province. Having secured his eastern flank, Nobunaga turned his attention to consolidating his hold on central Honshu. An early adopter of gun weaponry, Nobunaga established an armory at Sakai and successfully integrated these weapons in his battle plans.
Seeking greater legitimacy, Nobunaga marched into the imperial capital in 1568. Working together with the imperial and bakufu, Nobunaga maneuvered for Ashikaga Yoshiaki to be installed as the bakufu's next shogun. Nobunaga planned to rule behind the scenes and simply use Yoshiaki as a political puppet. The plan went awry when Yoshiaki failed to defer to Nobunaga; subsequently, Nobunaga brought the Ashikaga shogunate to an end in 1573. Eschewing the need for bakufu authority, Nobunaga defeated six of the strongest military houses in western Honshu.
What struck the Europeans in Japan as most strange regarding Nobunaga's military conquests was the lack of mercy shown to his enemies, especially the Buddhist monks. In a particular battle at Mount Hiei, over ten thousand Buddhist monks from the Tendai sect begged Nobunaga to accept gold from the institution rather than taking their lives. Nobunaga refused the overture and slaughtered the monks.
Nobunaga had ten major daimyo who reported to him and he often sought their advice. He was open to criticism from those close to him, and expected candor from his generals rather than patronizing acquiescence.
Between 1576 and 1579 Nobunaga lived in relative peace in a castle close to the imperial capital. He was not given the title of shogun, but was not bothered by this given his belief that brute power legitimizes authority. But in his rise to power he had to make difficult decisions that garnered him many enemies—even from within his own ranks.
One of his top generals, Akechi Mitsuhide held a grudge against Nobunaga due to Nobunaga's role in the death of Akechi's mother. In 1582 while Nobunaga was at a Kyoto Buddhist temple for a tea ceremony, he was caught by surprise when Akechi surrounded the temple to exact revenge against his master. He set the temple on fire and Nobunaga along with his son died. Thus, the meteoric rise of the lowly jito from Owari came to a sudden ignoble end.
Nobunaga had accomplished a great deal. He began the process of unification, removed the Ashikiga shogunate, and established a modicum of order across Honshu. Yet, his legacy in Japanese history is mixed. Because he eschewed the Confucian values of deference based on filial relationships, and a ruler-subject bond, he is viewed as someone who did not follow the properdao or way prescribed to humans from heaven itself.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598)
Oda Nobunaga died without reunifying all of Japan. There were still independent domains scattered throughout Honshu (particularly the extreme eastern portion of the island) and Kyushu was dominated by two autonomous daimyos. Furthermore, it was not clear as to who would take control of the lands and peoples that Nobunaga had managed to unite. Out of this chaos and potential dissolution of Nobunaga's unification campaign emerged a most surprising leader who is considered one of the most important Japanese leaders in history.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi was the son of a low-ranking samurai in the Owari domain. When Hideyoshi was in his mid-teens he walked off the farm and sought attachment to an established or up-and-coming daimyo. He placed his bets on the rising star Oda Nobunaga. It was a good bet. Starting out at the lowest level in Nobunaga's retinue, Hideyoshi slowly rose in ranks, gaining the confidence of his master by his victories on the battlefield and unswerving loyalty. He became part of Nobunaga's inner circle of military leaders, and at the time of Nobunaga's assassination Hideyoshi was waging a brutal battle against the recalcitrant Mori house in the Bitchū Province, west of Kyoto. Nobunaga's death created a power vacuum, and while some of his generals quickly retreated to their home provinces, Hideyoshi marched toward Kyoto with the intention of killing his master's assassin. Hideyoshi's troops caught up with Akechi's army, and following a bloody battle Hideyoshi emerged victorious, brought Akechi's corpse back to Kyoto, and took on the mantle of Nobunaga's successor.
Building on Nobunaga's military successes, Hideyoshi appreciated the power of diplomatic persuasion much more than his master did. He secured alliances through both diplomatic and military prowess during the first years following Nobunaga's death. The two main holdouts were the Kyushu domains and the extreme eastern section of Honshu controlled by the Hojo House. With regard to the hinterlands of Kyushu, Hideyoshi adroitly sided with Kyushu's Ōtomo Sōrin (a Christian Daimyo) against Satsuma, the leading domain on Kyushu. Following Hideyoshi/ Ōtomo's 1586 victory over Satsuma, Ōtomo submitted to Hideyoshi's hegemonic rule over the Kyushu domains.
Finally, in 1590, four years following the battles in Kyushu, the Hōjō daimyo in the eastern portion of Honshu was the final holdout against the full unification of Japan. Hōjō Ujimasa whose Odawara castle in Sagami Province appeared impregnable refused to acquiesce to Hideyoshi's overtures for peace. In fact, it took a three-month siege for Hideyoshi's army to finally capture the fortress. Hōjō Ujimasa might have imagined that he would receive mercy from Hideyoshi because the Satsuma daimyo had actually been given favorable terms following his defeat in Kyushu a few years earlier. But Hideyoshi became a bit more unpredictable with age and he ordered Hōjō to commit seppuku following the fall of Odawara.
As Hideyoshi's steady hegemonic control of Japan continued, he established brilliant policies that transformed Japan and in many ways began to usher in a system that would stay in place until the end of the nineteenth century. A primary concern for Hideyoshi was the elimination of large armies that had plagued Japan for decades during the Sengoku era. He did this in two ways where everyone in Japan could feel somewhat good about these monumental shifts in Japan's social history. He began his policies of peace by disarming the farmers. In 1588 Hideyoshi ordered that all weapons be taken away from farmers. It was called The Great Sword Hunt, and it effectively reduced Japan's fighting population to the samurai class, which was around six percent of the population. No longer could daimyo co-op farmers to serve as infantry soldiers, as farmers were prohibited from owning weapons. Some of the swords collected from the farmers were melted down and the metal used to form a large Buddha statue.
This weapons-control edict did not sit well with the farmers, but certainly the samurai and the Buddhist sangha (community/church) benefited from this. For the Buddhist leaders, they had a new statue in the Asuka-dera monastery in Nara. Samurai enjoyed the exclusive status of sword-carrying privilege throughout the realm. If one was wearing a sword, then everyone knew that individual was from the samurai class. The sword brought with it both status and privilege and now only the samurai could carry such a weapon. But not all was lost for the peasants.
On the heels of this famous sword hunt, Hideyoshi froze the social order. Broadly dividing Japan's population into four classes: samurai, farmer, artisan and merchant, Hideyoshi decreed that these classes were fixed and prohibited movement from one class to another; as such, samurai were ordered to attach themselves to a particular daimyo and move away from the peasants. This affected tens of thousands of individuals who were known as jizamurai or "samurai of the land." The jizamurai lived among the farmers and worked side-by-side commoners. With Hideyoshi's new policy, however, samurai were, for the most part, detached from their farms and agrarian neighbors. This was to the advantage of the common folk because they were no longer intimidated by their military neighbors and were more free than ever to work the land.
Of even greater importance than the already-noted profound social changes, was Hideyoshi's order to conduct a national cadastral survey. In short, every inch of Japan's agricultural land was measured in terms of just not geographical location but annual production. Rural lands were all placed in categories such as wet land, dry land, residence land and kitchen gardens. Rice paddies were labeled superior, medium and inferior based on farming records. Following this massive undertaking, the government, now under the rule of Hideyoshi, issued documents to families who had worked that land for generations. Furthermore, each village was assessed a certain amount of annual tax (usually paid in rice) based on the cadastral survey. The harvested rice was measured in terms of koku which was around 300 pounds each or about 5.1 bushels—enough to feed a person for a year.
The implications of this project were massive. Government officials knew how much annual revenue to expect and planned accordingly. Farmers knew how much they were to be taxed and their annual contribution to the village—tax was collected at the village level. This also led many farmers to seek ways to improve their harvests as they would not be penalized for growing more than the cadastral assessment—the tax was at a fixed amount.
Based on this survey, Hideyoshi divided the responsibility of ruling Japan to his generals. In addition to the geographical division of the land, Hideyoshi also noted how much koku each general should receive based on their domains. For example, while his top general, Tokugawa Ieyasu was given the eastern provinces to govern, he also knew that these provinces annually produced 2.4 million koku—which made him the highest "earning" general in the land. This fostered a sense of reciprocity and loyalty between Hideyoshi and his military governors.
During the last decade of his life, Hideyoshi veered away from his reliance on diplomacy and acted somewhat erratically. For example, while at times he appeared to appreciate the work of the Jesuits and Franciscans in Japan, he also ordered the execution of Catholic priests and Japanese Christians. This included the 1596 crucifixion of 26 Christians (nine priests and seventeen Japanese laymen) in Nagasaki. Just one year earlier, Hideyoshi had his nephew (Toyotomi Hidetsugu) executed along with 31 of his family members. Hidetsugu was in line to take over after his uncle died, but Hideyoshi had a son in his old age and so he wanted to remove all potential rivals. For reasons that remain somewhat unclear, Hideyoshi also ordered that Japan conquer China. Thousands of samurai were sent to Korea as a stepping stone to China, but they found fierce resistance from Korean and Chinese soldiers and became bogged down in a somewhat senseless military campaign.
A bright spot for Hideyoshi in his final years was the birth of a long-hoped-for heir in 1593. Though he had united Japan, Hideyoshi did not have the pedigree to become shogun. His wife Yodo-dono was distantly related to the Minamoto house and so when she gave birth to Toyotomi Hideyori in 1593, there was an heir that had the bloodline to establish a new shogunate rule. In many ways, Hideyoshi set the table for a long and prosperous rule by his successor. Unfortunately, Hideyori was only five years old when Hideyoshi died in 1598 and Japan faced another crisis in leadership.
During his last days, Hideyoshi requested that his top five generals swear an oath of loyalty to his young son, Hideyori. The five generals agreed to act as protectors for the Toyotomi heir until he was old enough to lead Japan and rule as a court-appointed shogun. The five generals agreed to serve as regent to the boy as he lived with his mother in the Osaka Castle. Tokugawa Ieyasu, Hideyoshi's most powerful ally and one of the generals who swore allegiance to Hideyori had different plans about who should take over a new unified Japan—namely, himself.
Tokugawa Ieyasu
In 1543 the Matsudaira House was jockeying for power in the very important province of Mikawa. With some of the best area for farming rice, multiple daimyo sought control of Mikawa. In 1543 Matsudaira Hirotada, the daimyo of a large portion of Mikawa welcomed a new son into the family, Matsudaira Takechiyo. He would not live to see his new son grow up as he died when Takechiyo was just six years old. Takechiyo's turbulent childhood included being kidnapped and ransomed by rival daimyo and the concomitant diminution of the Matsudaira house's fortunes.
As a young man, Takechiyo exhibited leadership qualities to the point of inspiring the sagging spirits of samurai attached to the Matsudaira clan. Takechiyo's military victories across Mikawa were so impressive that in 1566 the emperor gave him the title of Mikawa no Kami or lord of Mikawa. The following year Takechiyo changed his surname and given name to Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Serving as an ally to Nobunaga and then Hideyoshi, Ieyasu became the dominant daimyo in Japan's Kanto area in eastern Honshu. He was given the village town of Edo which served as the Tokugawa house headquarters. But following the 1598 death of Hideyoshi, he moved to Osaka and claimed that he was taking the lead in protecting Hideyoshi's widow and the young heir, Hideyori. He also began sending letters to the various daimyo seeking their allegiance, which created deep resentment with Hideyoshi's other generals. Those that were loyal to the Toyotomi family began to fear that Ieyasu was positioning himself to become shogun and rumblings of war again troubled the realm.
This rivalry was not only between the Toyotomi and Tokugawa factions but was also western versus eastern armies. The military showdown took place at Sekigahara on October 21, 1600 in one of the epic battles of Japan's long history. Throughout that fateful battle, the future of Japan was at stake as the conflict's outcome was in doubt until the very end of the day. Tokugawa Ieyasu emerged victorious and used this military success to implement his rule in Japan.
Building off of Hideyoshi's cadastral survey and the division of land based on rice production, Ieyasu stripped 87 daimyo of their domains. Japan was divided up into hans (domains), each one had to produce at least 10,000 koku annually. In a very astute move, Ieyasu distributed governance of Japan's land to three different types of daimyo (military governors). About one third of Japan's riches (rice) were put in the hands of the daimyo related to the Tokugawa house. The second group of daimyo were known as the fudai daimyo and those were the generals who allied with Ieyasu at the Battle of Sekigahara. Finally, land that annually yielded more than ten million koku was given to thetozama daimyo—or those that had not allied with the Tokugawa house. This was one of many reasons that there was not a further rebellion against the Tokugawa clan.
In 1603 Tokugawa Ieyasu was given the title of seii tai-shogun by the emperor, meaning he was declared the realm's top general. The policies that he, his son, and grandson put in place laid the foundation for one of the most remarkable periods in Japanese history. Known as Tokugawa Japan, also as Edo Japan, the period from 1600 to 1868 was one of great peace and moved Japan toward modernity. Historians often label the political paradigm the Tokugawa shoguns implemented as the Baku-Han system. Some of the more prominent features of this structure are noted below.
The Tokugawa house continued the practice of keeping the military headquarters (bakufu) separate from the imperial capital (Kyoto). The Tokguawa bakufu in Edo transformed the area from a fishing village to what some claim was the world's largest city by 1700, with a population of over one million. Yet many have noted that while Tokugawa Japan experienced great peace and a sophisticated political system, it was not really a unified state. The realm was divided up into various domains that numbered almost 300 by the end of the Edo era. Each domain, also known as a han, was controlled from a castle town where the military governor and his samurai retainers resided. Hans were semi-autonomous states enjoying their own economic and judicial systems. As noted earlier, most hans were ruled by daimyo not related to the Tokugawa family and these hans were not required to pay any taxes to the bakufu.
While many daimyo enjoyed semi-autonomous status, they were accountable for keeping their domain's inhabitants safe and free from starvation. The bakufu had the authority to remove or transfer incompetent daimyo, and the military governors needed the shogun's permission to marry. Daimyo were not allowed to expand their castle structure without permission from the daimyo. For long periods of Tokugawa Japan, the daimyo were also forced to keep their wife and first son in Edo in an almost hostage-type of arrangement. Furthermore, the daimyo were required to visit Edo regularly in a pattern that became known as sankin kotai, or alternate attendance. All of these rules helped to keep a balance of power and accountability throughout Tokugawa Japan.
Tokugawa Ieyasu differed from the first two unifiers in that he had many children. Just between 1557 and 1583 he sired ten children with five different women. He became a father for the last time in 1607 at the age of 64. With so many children, he was able to distribute authority and rule through his sons. In 1605, just two years after accepting the title of shogun, he resigned his position and it was passed on to his 26-year-old son, Hidetada. This astute move guaranteed that the Tokugawa rule would extend after Ieyasu passed from the scene. Nonetheless, Ieyasu continued to be the main authority of the bakufu until his death in 1616.
Between his 1605 resignation and his death in 1616, Ieyasu kept busy. He became one of the world's richest men by monopolizing the mining industry in Japan. This was a period in China when the Ming dynasty was in its death throes and was desperately seeking Japanese imported silver to keep the system afloat. During the first decade of the seventeenth century it is estimated that up to one-third of the world's silver came out of Japan, and much of it was sold to China, making Ieyasu extremely wealthy. Despite his enormous riches, Ieyasu preferred the simple life. His passions included the sport of hawking and he would take a simple lunch out with him on the many days that he spent absorbed in the sport. Though he was involved in over a dozen major battles, he turned in his older age toward a more completive life following the doctrines of both neo-Confucianism and the Tendai sect of Buddhism.
However, Ieyasu's parting gift to his offspring and future Tokugawa shoguns was one of the more cruel acts he perpetrated. Hideyoshi's son, Hideyori and his mother continued to dwell in safety at the Osaka Castle. There were many anti-Tokugawa officials and military leaders that continued to support the Toyotomi family with the hopes that Hideyori would one day supplant the Tokugawa house and establish a Toytomoi shogunate. Ieyasu was wary of this potential development and so in 1614 he gathered tens of thousands of samurai and marched to Osaka with the intention of eliminating the Toyotomi threat. In a somewhat surprising development, Ieyasu's army lost the initial battle and he retreated back to eastern Honshu. Believing that Hideyori's position was so secure in the Osaka Castle, Ieyasu bargained with the Toyotomi house, promising to cede portions of Japan to it in exchange for Hideyori removing the defenses around the Osaka Castle. Hideyori agreed to this plan, and the moats around the castle are filled in. This spelled disaster for the Toyotomi family as Ieyasu almost immediately returned with his army to Osaka and on June 5, 1615 they broke through the castle. Despite pleas for mercy, Ieyasu made sure that Hideyori and his mother died in the battle. Part of this destruction of the Toyotomi family included a public decapitation of Hideyori's eight-year-old son.
With the elimination of the Hideyori threat, Ieyasu believed that he had provided a bright future for the Tokugawa shoguns who would follow after him. On June 1, 1616, almost one year to the day after the fall of the Osaka Castle, Ieyasu died of congestive heart failure.
Following the chaos of the sixteenth-century warring states period, Japan's reunification was a process that took almost half a century. It began with a Machiavellian-type leader, Oda Nobunaga. He spared no one who stood in his way, including the shogun and the Buddhist church. Perhaps it took such draconian measures to discourage the prevailing thought that loyalty to any authority was a thing of the past. Hideyoshi continued the work started by his lord but used diplomatic persuasion more than military might to bring Japan together. Hideyoshi also implemented social and land reforms that laid a foundation for Tokugawa Ieyasu to build upon. Finally, Ieyasu combined both the harsh rule of Nobunaga and the political acumen of Hideyoshi to establish the Tokugawa bakufu which led to almost three centuries of peace and economic stability throughout Japan.
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It's just a week until the start of the 85th session of the Texas Legislature. And, while you've probably heard lots of stories about lawmaker priorities for the 140-day session, it's not always about what bills are being debated, but whether the Texas House or Senate is leading the charge.
The House and Senate are actually on the same page about many things – keeping down spending, lowering taxes when possible, and lot more. But when the Senate's leader, Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick, released a list of his top priorities, House Speaker Joe Straus did not enthusiastically agree with the to-do list.
At an event in November, Straus explained to the Texas Tribune's Evan Smith why he didn't have his own accompanying list for the House.
"That's his job the way he sees to do it. And the way the Senator's apparently approve," Straus said, referring to Patrick's priorities list. "I think the House members would string me up if I said, 'Here's your bill - pass it!'"
Straus said being speaker means that he may have a personal set of priorities, but that doesn't make them the priorities of the House. Behind that sentiment are also some deep disagreements between the two chambers.
On Patrick's agenda: lowering property taxes, blocking transgender people from using the bathroom corresponding to their gender identity and creating a school voucher system.
In October, he told members of the Northeast Tarrant Tea Party that the state would be in trouble unless the state started using vouchers to improve public education.
"We will not have a future in Texas if we don't get about 300,000 kids – out of the 6 million we have in Texas – out of these failing schools," Patrick said.
And, on each of those, reception in the House could be chilly.
On school finance, based on the House's voting history, there might not be much chance of passing a voucher program that uses state money for kids to go to private schools.
On cutting property taxes, Straus says an overhaul of how the state funds schools is a good place to start, since the majority of property taxes are collected by local school districts.
And, on the bathroom bill, he said it just wasn't important to him, or his constituents.
"Excuse the expression, but this isn't the most urgent concern of mine. My district isn't really communicating with me on this as an urgent concern," Straus said.
He added that he had heard from several business groups opposing the proposed bill, and that if legislation passed by the Senate could lead to Texas losing out on business and sporting events – like the 2018 NCAA men's basketball final four scheduled for San Antonio – then he'd push to block the bill.
But Straus prefaces every comment about his priorities saying he's just speaking for himself; that his priorities are not the House's priorities; and that, if the chamber doesn't take a vote on vouchers or transgender bathroom access, it's because a majority of lawmakers don't want to take a vote, not because he won't let them vote.
Speaker Joe Straus (R-San Antonio) and Republican Lt. Governor Dan Patrick could have a prickly relationship during the 2017 Legislative session.
But Lt. Gov. Patrick may already be setting Straus up to shoulder the blame. When speaking at that same meeting with the Northeast Tarrant Tea Party, he promised his priorities would get done because of support from conservative lawmakers.
"Now we have great conservative Senators. There are great conservative House members. And I have a great relationship with our governor. And we're going to get these things done," Patrick said.
You'll notice Straus's name wasn't mentioned.
From The Texas Tribune: After being hit in the head with a bullet shortly after midnight on New Year's Eve, state Rep. Armando Martinez plans to file legislation aimed at reducing or preventing celebratory gun firings.
In this era of hyper-partisan politics, the denouement of the Democrat's house leadership fight on capitol hill today is an important reminder of something: not all the major battles are initiated by the other side.


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Cintia Santana
Cintia Santana's work has appeared or is forthcoming in Beloit Poetry Journal, Gulf Coast, Harvard Review, Linebreak, Michigan Quarterly Review, The Missouri Review, Narrative, The Spoon River Poetry Review, RHINO, Pleiades, and The Threepenny Review. "Qasida of Grief," was winner of the 2013 Wabash Poetry Prize and "Notes to a Funeral," was included in Best New Poets 2016 Anthology. Santana holds an M.F.A. from Sarah Lawrence College and a Ph.D. in Romance Languages and Literatures from Harvard. She teaches fiction and poetry in Spanish and literary translation at Stanford.
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During our extensive and, some might say, intensive sailing season of 2018 we have had 15 Incident Reports submitted. Ten of these involved RelaX and five Quartette, thankfully only two were category B (Serious). The PYC Incident Team review each of these and, where appropriate, give feedback to the skipper, we have tried to draw some conclusions from these to share with the wider membership in the hope of improving our seamanship and reducing the risk to our members and yachts.


# General- Fixed error "Invalid Depot Config" while updating a game owned by multiple users on the same computer- Improve voice chat protocol for multiple sessions- Fixed "flushconfig" causing Steam to forget non-standard game install folders- Fixed slow game startup when the game has many "deleted" files in the Steam Cloud- Added preliminary support for games using the Mantle graphics API# Big Picture- Added ability to set the search provider used when entering text into the Web Browsers url bar, under the Interface area in Options.- Fixed a bug where known controller bindings would sometimes not be communicated to the game when Steam started in Big Picture mode# Steam Music Player- Fixed saving out ' Media Keys enabled' on Windows- Removed the setting for enabling media keys for OS X and Linux, because it is not available on these platforms- Scanning for new music only on complete downloads, reducing the numbers of scans- Fixed Settings Set Taskbar Preferences- Made usage of media keys optional, default is off- Added plus button next to Album/Artist button to make it easier to add music- Music scanner includes soundtracks in game directories containing "Sound Track" as name- Fixed rare case of accidental grabbing focus on startup in 2' UI# In-Home Streaming- Fixed gradual framerate drop over time- Fixed not being able to stream if you copy a Steam installation to another computer# Linux- Fixed gamepad entry repeating quickly when running under a locale that doesn't use the decimal point character for floating point numbers- Changed Steam Cloud file paths to be preserve case instead of converting to lowercase.
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Blues, Brews & BBQ Featuring Jelly Bread
When August 25, 2019 at 12:00pm 5 hrs 30 mins
Where Snowbasin Resort 3925 E Snowbasin Rd, Huntsville, UT 84403, United States
Contact Blues, Brews & BBQ Featuring Jelly Bread [email protected]
Free concert, delicious BBQ, and family fun every Sunday afternoon.
Join us on the lawn at Earl's Lodge on Sunday, August 25 for our Blues, Brews & BBQ Concert Series with Big Blue Ox, Sneaky Pete & The Secret Weapons, and Jelly Bread! Relax on the lawn with a blanket, have a beverage, and listen to some incredible FREE live music! Delicious BBQ lunch and other offerings are available in Earl's Lodge are available as well as several local brews on tap. There are great family-friendly activities and games for the kids including a bungee jump, climbing wall, adventure course, playground and newest activity - The Wildflower Mini Golf Course. 12:15 pm: Big Blue Ox 2:15 pm: Sneaky Pete & The Secret Weapons 4:15 pm: Jelly Bread Share your photos using #snowbasinsummer! ***No outside food or beverage allowed in the music venue or the lodge. Utah State Law prohibits the possession and consumption of outside alcohol including beer & wine on premise. Bags may be subject to search at the music venue gate and any alcohol or outside food may be confiscated. Dogs are allowed in the music venue, but they must be on a leash at all times, and they must stay on the grassy areas. Dogs are never allowed in the lodges or on the patio, with the exception of service dogs. Umbrellas, shade tents, and chairs are allowed, but please be courteous of other guests. If you have a tent or umbrella, please set it up near the back of the venue and do not block other's views. Low chairs welcome towards the front (cannot fit a basketball underneath) but if you have higher chairs, please move towards the back. About the Bands: About the Bands: Jelly Bread Jelly Bread's musical alchemy blends a dash of alt-rock with soul and funk, yet is thoroughly steeped in Rock-Americana. The band's chameleonic playlist is highlighted by dual vocals, four-part harmonies, in-the-pocket drum, and bass grooves, swampy lap steel guitar, dirt under the fingernails guitar licks, and take-'em-to-church organ that is downright appetizing. Jelly Bread has emerged with a high-energy calling card that melds elements of desert twang and the urban tones of funk & rock, balanced by exceptional songwriting and storytelling. Jelly Bread has risen from Reno/Lake Tahoe area favorites into a nationally- touring, powerhouse quintet that delivers a high-energy, chameleonic playlist all over the United States. Jelly Bread's distinct style is identified by a blend of desert twang meeting the urban tones of funk and rock. Exceptional songwriting and storytelling interlaced with four part harmonies, intricate "in-the-pocket" drum and bass grooves, swampy lap steel guitar, dirt under the fingernails guitar licks, tasty talkbox, "take-'em-to-church" organ come together into a sound that is downright appetizing. http://www.jellybread.net/ --- Sneaky Pete & The Secret Weapons Sneaky Pete and the Secret Weapons is a collective of musicians channeling original music through a lens of hazy funk and unending groove, all witnessed and interpreted from the peaks and valleys of the Rocky Mountains. Their genre-blending sound of funk, rock, jazz, and hip-hop moves from the streets of New Orleans to smoky jazz dives, intergalactic spaceships, and late-night laser-filled clubs. Initially drawn to Jackson Hole with a shared passion for skiing and mountains, the group formed in late 2011 when friends Jack Tolan (guitar/vox) and Sam Lowenthal (bass) got together with the vision of "making funk noises," and featured a rotating cast of 'Secret Weapons' playing small gigs in Jackson, WY. With the addition of Bobby Griffith on trumpet, the band had their breakthrough performance on December 21st, 2012, a legendary party known as "the FUNKapocalypse." By the next fall, with the addition of keyboardist Galen Karnatz, it was time to hit the road and take their sound beyond the towering walls of the Tetons. They quickly built a reputation for high-energy performances and sweaty dance floors across the western US, taking to the road with repeated tours and expansion into new markets outside of the "Hole". --- Big Blue Ox Big Blue Ox is an explosive funk juggernaut from Salt Lake City, Utah. Throwing down head bangin' grooves and blistering horn lines, this band is sure to elevate the mind and move the booty. Big Blue Ox recently released their self-titled EP, featuring some of the group's most groundbreaking work. The band's core members, George Simon, Mason Peterson, and Wachira Waigwa-Stone, founded the first incarnation of Big Blue Ox while attending the School of Music at the University of Utah in 2009. After a hiatus, the band reformed in 2015 with an all-star lineup, including a 3-part horn section, analog synthesizers, and world percussion. Be sure to catch Big Blue Ox at a festival or venue near you. https://bigblueoxfunk.com
https://www.nowplayingutah.com/event/blues-brews-
Please RSVP: Blues, Brews & BBQ Featuring Jelly Bread


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Michael McClelland is a Canadian architect with a history of experience in heritage conservation. He is a founding principal of the Toronto-based firm ERA Architects Inc., as well as an author of several books.

Early life and education
McClelland graduated from the University of Toronto in 1981 with a Bachelor of Architecture (BArch).

Career

Architecture and conservation (1981–1990)
Prior to the establishment of ERA Architects Inc. in 1990, McClelland served as a member of the Toronto Historical Board as an adviser on municipal topics such as permit and development applications, as well as municipal planning and preservation. He has been chair of the Toronto Society of Architects, and has been a member of the Society for the Study of Architecture in Canada. His work with the Ontario Association of Architects has included roles such as member of the Centennial Committee, heritage restoration consultant, and graduate associate. He is currently a registered member of the Ontario Association of Architects.

His work during this time period also concerned heritage conservation, in the realms of heritage planning and urban design; in 1984, McClelland became one of the founding members of the Canadian Association of Professional Heritage Consultants (CAPHC).

ERA Architects Inc.
McClelland established the firm ERA Architects Inc. (ERA) in conjunction with fellow architect Edwin Rowse in 1990, based out of Toronto, Ontario. The firm has evolved since its foundation to specialize in heritage conservation, as well as in the conservation of cultural and built environments. Projects the firm has been involved ininclude the Distillery District, the Don Valley Brick Works, and the King Edward Hotel, all located in Toronto. McClelland has been credited as the heritage architect for projects such as the adjustments made to the Royal Ontario Museum and the Art Gallery of Ontario, as well as a member of the adaptive reuse design team for the Don Jail and the proposal for the Commissioner's Park in Toronto's Port Lands.

Ever since his initial partnership with Rowse upon the foundation of their firm, the two have retained a close working relationship throughout their careers.

Publications
McClelland has co-authored several books on the cultural potential and impacts of Canadian architecture and urban planning, for which he is also credited as an editor. His first book, East/West: A Guide to Where People Live in Downtown Toronto, was published in 2000 in collaboration with Mark Fram and Nancy Byrtus as a selection of housing and development testimonies provided by a variety of sources, followed by Concrete Toronto: A Guide to Concrete Architecture from the Fifties to the Seventies, an investigation into Toronto's historical use of concrete, with Graeme Stewart in 2007. Concrete Toronto: A Guide to Concrete Architecture from the Fifties to the Seventies contains contributions from professionals such as original architects, city planners, local practitioners, historians, journalists, and academics, as well as resources such as archival photos, drawings, and case studies. Since its publication, the book has received the following awards:

 Heritage Toronto Award (Book): Award of Excellence, 2008
 Design Exchange Award (Visual Communications Content & Editorial): Award of Merit, 2008
 Canadian Association of Heritage Professionals (Communications): Award of Merit, 2008

The Ward: The Life and Loss of Toronto's First Immigrant Neighbourhood, published in 2015 in collaboration with Toronto journalist John Lorinc, Toronto historian Ellen Scheinberg, and ERA Heritage Specialist Tatum Taylor, features a series of essays written by a spectrum of contributors on the evolution of late 19th century Toronto and its architectural culture. The book received the Award of Merit for Heritage Education from the Canadian Association of Heritage Professionals in 2015, as well as a nomination for the Toronto Book Awards in 2016. Its successor, The Ward Uncovered: The Archaeology of Everyday Life, was published in 2018 in collaboration with John Lorinc, Holly Martelle, and Tatum Taylor. The book received the Award of Merit for Heritage Education, Awareness and Scholarship in 2018 from the Canadian Association of Heritage Professionals.

Awards and recognition
McClelland has received the Ontario Association of Architects Award of Excellence, the Canadian Architect Award of Merit, and the City of Toronto Urban Design Award of Excellence. In 1999, he was awarded certificates of recognition from the Ontario Association of Architects and the Toronto Society of Architects. In 2006, McClelland was made a fellow of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canadian architects
University of Toronto alumni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Thank you Lindsay. I remember the night though it seems like along way off now. Wishing you and your Mum well.
Can atrioza cause water retention in legs and feet.
Night sweats is not included as a side effect in the summary of product information for efavirenz. It could plausibly happen if you are having the very bad dreams or nightmares. If you are not having these at the same time though, please talk to your doctor in case it is a symptom of something else.
hi I! ̄m starting my atrioza today. Should I take it before food or after food,is it true that with it u will also have bad dreams,seeing things that other people don! ̄t see,vomit,have a rash, and loose weight?


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John Jacob Astor III (Nova Iorque, 10 de junho de 1822 - Manhattan, 22 de fevereiro de 1890) foi um financista, filantropo americano e membro proeminente da família Astor. Foi o filho mais velho do empresário do setor imobiliário William Backhouse Astor, Sr. (1792-1875) e de Margaret Rebecca Armstrong (1800-1872), sobrinho de John Jacob Astor, Jr. (1791-1869), e neto do comerciante de peles John Jacob Astor (1763-1848), de Sarah Cox Todd (1761-1834), do senador John Armstrong, Jr. (1758-1843) e de Alida Livingston (1761-1822), da família Livingston. John Jacob III tornou-se o membro mais rico da família Astor em sua geração e fundador do ramo inglês da família Astor Seu irmão mais novo, o empresário William Backhouse Astor, Jr. (1829-1892) foi o patriarca da linha masculina dos Astor americanos.

Biografia
Astor estudou na Universidade Colúmbia e na Universidade de Göttingen, após o que foi para a Harvard Law School. Exerceu a advocacia por um ano, para se qualificar como auxiliar na gestão do imenso patrimônio de sua família, a metade do qual mais tarde foi herdada por ele. A origem dessa fortuna vem de seu avô paterno, que construiu um monopólio no lucrativo comércio de peles no início do século XIX.

Durante a Guerra de Secessão, Astor serviu como ajudante de ordens voluntário para o general George B. McClellan. Por seus serviços prestados durante a Campanha da Península, recebeu a patente de general de brigada do corpo de voluntários norte-americanos. Astor considerou este período como o melhor de sua vida; participou das reuniões da Leal Legião com zelo.

Nos negócios, Astor investiu em ferrovias, mas foi enganado pelo Comodoro Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877) e obrigado a ceder a ele o controle da linha original New York Central Railroad (de Albany até Buffalo). Seu interesse principal nos negócios era nas vastas participações imobiliárias dos Astor em Nova York, o que ele administrou de forma rentável e com parcimônia.

Casamento e família
Em 1846, Astor casou com Charlotte Augusta Gibbes (27 de fevereiro de 1825 - 12 de dezembro de 1887) da Carolina do Sul, filha de Thomas Stanyarne Gibbes, Jr. e de Susan Annette Vanden Heuvel. Eles tiveram um filho, Visconde William Waldorf Astor (1848-1919). Em 1859 Astor construiu uma casa no número 350 da Quinta Avenida, hoje o endereço do Empire State Building. Mais tarde, adquiriu uma casa imponente de veraneio, Beaulieu, construída em Newport, Rhode Island.

Filantropia
John Jacob Astor III doou objetos e fundos para o Metropolitan Museum of Art (em 1887 ele presentou-o com a coleção de sua esposa de rendas valiosas e deixou uma contribuição de 50 000 dólares). Ele e seu irmão doaram à igreja da Trindade um memorial para o seu pai: um retábulo esculpido e o altar ao custo de 80 000 dólares. Fez uma doação de 450 000 dólares para a biblioteca Astor, e suas contribuições familiares à instituição somaram um total de aproximadamente 1 500 000 de dólares. Doou também generosamente ao Hospital do Câncer de Nova York 100 000 dólares, ao Hospital da Mulher, ao Hospital São Lucas (100 000 dólares) e à Children's Aid Society.

Astor tinha grande interesse na Biblioteca Astor além de seu financiamento. Foi tesoureiro do seu conselho de administração, e em 1879 transferiu a ela os três terrenos nos quais a ala norte do edifício atual foi mais tarde construída por ele. Presenteou-a com sua coleção de livros antigos e manuscritos raros.

Sua mulher Charlotte, profundamente religiosa, apoiou a recém-criada Children's Aid Society e fez parte do conselho do Hospital das Mulheres de Nova York, uma instituição que, para seu espanto se recusava a aceitar pacientes com câncer. Ela convenceu o marido a doar dinheiro (225 000 dólares) para erguer a primeira ala do Hospital do Câncer de Nova York, o "Pavilhão Astor". Durante vinte anos, ela apoiou uma escola industrial alemã. De 1872 até sua morte, ela foi gerente do Hospital da Mulher, além de tomar parte ativa na Liga Niobrara para ajudar os índios e muitas outras instituições de caridade. Doou 150 000 dólares para organizações de caridade.

John Jacob III visitou cada vez com mais frequência Londres em seus últimos anos de vida. Seu filho William se mudou para lá permanentemente com sua família em 1891 e tornou-se cidadão britânico em 1899 onde mais tarde foi feito Par do Reino.

John Jacob Astor III morreu em 22 de fevereiro de 1890 e foi sepultado no Trinity Church Cemetery em Manhattan.

Fontes

Ligações externas

Família Astor
Filantropos dos Estados Unidos
Oficiais do Exército da União
Alunos da Universidade Columbia
Alunos da Universidade de Göttingen
Alunos da Harvard Law School
Norte-americanos de ascendência alemã
Norte-americanos de ascendência irlandesa
Norte-americanos de ascendência escocesa


A visit to one of the deadliest places in the United States for migrants shows that even for those who've made it across the border, a treacherous journey often awaits.
I'm really appreciating this series and how they're bringing some actually reporting and storytelling about what is actually happening at the border. It's far better than the simple pontificating we're hearing from politicians who seem to have some broad strokes, but never quite seem to have the whole picture.


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Terrance Knighton's visit with Washington goes well
By Troy E. Renck
Terrance Knighton visited the Redskins on Wednesday night. (Joe Amon, The Denver Post)
With the first wave of free agents off the board, clarity is emerging for the next tier. Terrance Knighton continues to mull his options. The defensive tackle enjoyed a good visit with Washington Redskins officials on Wednesday night, including talking with coaches.
The Colts, Patriots and Chargers have varying degrees of interest in Knighton, who ranked ninth among defensive tackles against the run a year ago according to Pro Football Focus. Last season, Knighton received praise from former defensive coordinator Jack Del Rio for his sound technique and leadership. Knighton served as one of the Broncos' team captains in 2014, an honor bestowed by teammates.
Denver is focusing on young players to fill Knighton's void. Broncos general manager John Elway believes that Sylvester Williams and Marvin Austin will improve under the guidance of new defensive line coach Bill Kollar. Denver also remains interested in re-signing Mitch Unrein.
Categories: Roster Moves
Quanterus Smith inactive for first time this season
By Mike Klis
Quanterus Smith. (Getty Images)
CINCINNATI — Sometimes stats lie. Way more often, though, they are revealing.
Broncos' defensive end Quanterus Smith had zero sacks and only 10 tackles while playing in 29.3 percent of the defensive snaps through the first 14 games this year.
He won't be taking any snaps tonight against the Cincinnati Bengals as Smith was on the Broncos' list of inactives.
Smith was selected by the Broncos in the fifth round of the 2013 draft. He would have gone higher except he suffered a torn ACL late in his senior year at Western Kentucky. The injury might have dropped him lower except he had three sacks against mighty Alabama in the first game of his senior season.
The Broncos essentially redshirted Smith as a rookie by placing him on season-ending injured reserve as the team set its 53-man roster. He flashed promise early this season as he spelled DeMarcus Ware at right defensive end. He has two pass deflections and two quarterback hits but he may have recently the so-called "rookie wall" a week or so ago.
At 6-foot-5, 255 pounds, Smith is both a bit taller and skinnier than the prototype NFL defensive end.
With Smith not dressing, the Broncos activated defensive tackle Mitch Unrein, who can also play some end.
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Categories: General Broncos
Jacob Tamme, Mitch Unrein among Broncos inactives; Ryan Mathews out for Chargers
Jacob Tamme (John Leyba, The Denver Post)
SAN DIEGO — Broncos not playing today: Tight end Jacob Tamme (ribs), cornerback Kayvon Webster (shoulder), running back Ronnie Hillman (foot), receiver Cody Latimer (concussion), offensive tackle Paul Cornick (toe), defensive tackle Mitch Unrein (coach's decision) and offensive tackle Michael Schofield (coach's decision).
The San Diego Chargers inactives include running back Ryan Mathews and punter Mike Scifries.
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Categories: AFC West
So, Peyton Manning, what's it like seeing yourself in so many commercials?
By Nicki Jhabvala
Peyton Manning is the NFL's top pitchman. (John Leyba, The Denver Post)
Peyton Manning is the NFL's top product endorser, according to Forbes, racking up nearly $12 million annually from deals with DirecTV, Papa John's, Buick, Gatorade and Nationwide.
Over the years, he's also had deals with MasterCard, Sprint, Nabisco, Reebok and others that have required him to wear a number of hats: inexperienced rapper, gas station manager, casual singer, booger-flicking coach, crazed Peyton Manning fan, football fridge fairy – you get the idea.
Broncos inactives include Latimer, Carter, Ball, McCray, Unrein
Denver Broncos running back Montee Ball carries a ball during practice at the Denver Broncos 2014 training camp on Aug. 11, 2014, at Dove Valley. (John Leyba, The Denver Post)
EAST RUTHERFORD, N.J. — There were no surprises on the Broncos' inactive list.
Second-round receiver Cody Latimer was inactive for the fourth consecutive game. Running back Montee Ball, a second-round pick in 2013, is inactive for the first time, but not the last as he'll miss a few more games with a strained groin.
Also inactive: Cornerback Tony Carter (third time); linebacker Lerentee McCray (third); guard Ben Garland (fifth), offensive tackle Michael Schofield (fifth) and defensive tackle Mitch Unrein (fourth).
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WATCH: Peyton Manning, Britton Colquitt dance to "Rocky Top" at Broncos' camp
Monday was Peyton Manning's day to chose the music that would be played during stretches at the start of Broncos camp. So, given his love for all things Tennessee, he chose "Rocky Top" and Garth Brooks' "Friends in Low Places."
"It was his day to pick the music so it wasn't a surprise to me what it was going to be," Von Miller said. "It's just a part of it. When it's my day I think you'll be asking other guys about what I played and what they thought about what I played. It was Peyton's day so it was all good."
What was surprising? This, courtesy of The Denver Channel:
Manning wasn't the only one to bust out some moves though. Fellow Volunteer and Broncos punter Britton Colquitt joined in, drawing strange looks from teammates and laughs from reporters on the sidelines.
"I liked that. I like that song because it reminds me of when Wyoming went out to Tennessee and we beat them 13-7, believe it or not," Mitch Unrein said. I was giving (former Volunteer) Malik (Jackson grief) about it. Yeah, they played that song in our locker room for a week straight before we went out there so it was just stuck in my head. But yeah Peyton had a nice dance out there. I was trying to mimic him a little bit but I just couldn't do a good job doing that."
Added Jackson: "I love it. They need to play it every day. 'Rocky Top' is awesome. Go Vols!"
Mitch Unrein among four Broncos to sign tenders
Denver Broncos defensive tackle Mitch Unrein celebrates stopping Seattle Seahawks running back Marshawn Lynch during the first quarter of the Super Bowl on Feb. 2, 2014, in East Rutherford, N.J. (Hyoung Chang, The Denver Post)
Broncos' defensive tackle Mitch Unrein signed his restricted-free-agent tender, worth about $1.4 million in salary. Unrein, from Eaton and the University of Wyoming, went undrafted but is now in his fourth season with the Broncos.
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Categories: NFL draft, Offseason
Malik Jackson, Mitch Unrein, Virgil Green on Broncos fan tour
Broncos defensive end Malik Jackson cools down with a drink during training camp. (David Zalubowski, Associated Press file)
As you read, the Broncos' fan tour featuring defensive linemen Malik Jackson and Mitch Unrein and tight end Virgil Green should be at the Windsor Town Hall in Windsor.
The second annual Mile High Salute to Fans Tour began Monday. The first stop was in Fort Collins on Monday morning, then traveled to Windsor. The next stop is in Greeley between 4 p.m. and 5 p.m. at the University of Northern Colorado West Campus practice field.
The tour will visit 20 cities in six days and concludes in Castle Rock.
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Categories: General Broncos, Offseason
Broncos Insider: Super Bowl ticket prices falling, forecast shows freezing weather
By Joe Nguyen
Crews work to remove snow from MetLife Stadium, which will host Superbowl XLVIII next month, on Jan. 22, 2014 in East Rutherford, New Jersey. In what is being called the first ever "cold weather superbowl," the Denver Broncos and Seattle Seahawks will face off in front of over 80,000 fans. Cold weather welcome kits have been produced for fans that will include earmuffs, hats, mittens, hand warmers, lip balm, and tissues, among other items. After a snowstorm hit the New York region with a foot of snow earlier this week, the NFL and local authorities are doing everying possible to prepare for a snowstorm on the day of the game. (Andrew Burton, Getty Images)
Good Friday evening/Saturday morning, Broncos fans. And happy weekend. This is your Broncos Insider Newsletter from The Denver Post.
THE SEAHAWKS WANTED AN OPPORTUNITY TO SIGN PEYTON MANNING, writes The Post's Troy Renck, reporting again from Renton, Wash. "So they parked a jet at a Denver-area airport, hoping to get an audience with Manning. 'He called me,' Seattle coach Pete Carroll said Friday before stifling a laugh. 'And it pretty much went downhill from there.'" http://dpo.st/1mUSh1y
10-DAY FORECAST for East Rutherford, N.J., shows a high of 2 degrees, a low of -4 degrees, and a 60 percent chance of rain/snow showers, according to weather.com. "While hedging their bets because a lot can change, meteorologists say that the New York metropolitan area will probably endure freezing temperatures nearly every day through game day and that several storms may bring some snow, including during the game," writes the New York Times' Ken Belson. "All this is in keeping with the seasonal patterns that show the period between mid-January and mid-February is the coldest time of the year and the most prone to winter storms." http://nyti.ms/1d1VQL1
THE INJURY REPORT: Knowshon Moreno was limited again in practice because of a rib injury suffered during the AFC championship. Mitch Unrein was also limited (knee). Matt Prater missed practice again on Friday with illness. Moreno is officially listed as questionable for the game, but expects to play.
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Categories: Super Bowl
Adams, Harris, Ihenacho play every snap against Chiefs
Denver Broncos strong safety Chris Harris (25) sprints to the endzone for a touchdown after stepping in front of San Diego Chargers wide receiver Eddie Royal (11) for an interception and run back for a touchdown in the fourth quarter to seal the game against the San Diego Chargers Monday, Oct 15, 2012, at Qualcomm Stadium. John Leyba, The Denver Post
The Broncos have released the play-time numbers for their game last Sunday against the Kansas City Chiefs.
Three defensive backs — safeties Mike Adams and Duke Ihenacho and cornerback Chris Harris — never came off the field. They played in all 72 defensive snaps. Next among defensive backs were Kayvon Webster (50), Quentin Jammer (32), Champ Bailey (30) and David Bruton (19).
Next most were linebackers Danny Trevathan (70) and Von Miller (68). Middle linebacker Wesley Woodyard had the big end zone interception on the first drive but didn't play much in the fourth quarter and was out there for 49 snaps.
Among defensive lineman, no one played more than Malik Jackson, who played 57 snaps in relief of Derek Wolfe. Shaun Phillips was out there for 56 snaps. Robert Ayers played 36 snaps.
Inside, Terrance Knighton had his usual 40 snaps with Mitch Unrein getting 36 and Sylvester Williams got just 22.
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Mitch Unrein, Ben Garland answering phones for Colorado flood relief telethon
Bronco players and Colorado natives Mitch Unrein and Ben Garland are spending their off day today by putting in volunteer time answering phones during the Colorado Flood Relief Fundraiser Telethon.
All the local television stations — Channels 4, 7, 9, 31 and PBS — are broadcasting the flood telethon from 4 p.m. until 10:30 p.m. tonight. Unrein, a defensive tackle from Eaton, and Garland, a practice squad offensive guard from Grand Junction and the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, are manning the phones at the TeleTech center in Englewood.
Those who would like to make a donation can call 1-877-667-6727. And maybe Unrein or Garland will pick up to take your order.
Speaking of manning, Peyton Manning recorded an audio message for the telethon urging people to join him in donating to the cause. The money for the fundraiser will go towards the local Red Cross and food banks that are helping flood victims throughout the state.
Mitch "Hands" Unrein signs exclusive rights tender with Broncos
Mitch Unrein, the pride of Eaton, Colorado and the University of Wyoming, and one of seven Broncos to catch a touchdown pass from Peyton Manning last year, has signed his exclusive rights tender.
Unrein is a defensive tackle who was brought in to play fullback on a goal-line play against Tampa Bay last season. Moving nimbly to the left flank, Unrein caught a 1-yard touchdown pass in the Broncos' 31-23 win on Dec. 2. He became the first defensive lineman in Broncos' history to catch a touchdown pass.
Unrein also had 20 tackles and a fumble recovery in his second season as a Broncos' rotational defensive tackle, a role he figures to play again in 2013 behind starters Kevin Vickerson and Terrance Knighton. Unrein will receive a $555,000 salary as a third-year player.
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Categories: Contracts, General Broncos
Here's how the Broncos fared with their 5 goals vs. Seattle
How the Broncos fared on five goals suggested by NFL reporter Mike Klis in their preseason game vs. the Seattle Seahawks…
1. Peyton Manning-led touchdown
Check. Manning and RB Willis McGahee led an 11-play, 80-yard, no-huddle drive at end of first quarter. Manning was 4-of-4 for 48 yards on drive. McGahee rushed three times for 27 yards, then three more times for the final 3 yards.
2. Figure out how to replace Chris Kuper
Broncos position battles at training camp: Unrein, Moore, Woodyard, Ramirez
Some of the notable depth chart developments in Day 1 of Denver Broncos training camp…
Running back: Lance Ball was the No. 2 tailback behind Willis McGahee. Knowshon Moreno wore a knee brace and didn't participate in team drills. Mario Fannin got some reps with the No. 2 offense.
Right guard:
Chris Kuper moved pretty well considering the ankle/fibula injury he is trying to recover from. But in team drills, Kuper rested while veteran Manny Ramirez lined up with the No. 1 offense.
Backup quarterback:
Caleb Hanie was clearly the No. 2 QB. Adam Weber was No. 3 and rookie Brock Osweiler was No. 4. The competition here is between Hanie and Weber. The Broncos probably won't keep both. Osweiler and Peyton Manning are keepers — you heard it here first!
Four Broncos meet with High Park Fire evacuees, fire fighters
By Lindsay Jones
[media-credit name="Mitch Unrein" align="aligncenter" width="495″] [/media-credit]
Broncos defensive linemen Kevin Vickerson, Mitch Unrein, Cyril Obiozor and Ben Garland, along with some Broncos cheerleaders, visited with wildland fire fighters in Ft. Collins
Broncos defensive tackle Mitch Unrein grew up in Eaton about 20 miles east of Ft. Collins, and from his parents' house, could see the billowing smoke of the High Park Fire.
So it was a "no brainer," he said, to join a few Broncos teammates Thursday for a trip to Ft. Collins to meet with evacuees and fire fighters. The High Park Fire has burned more than 87,000 acres in northern Colorado since it began nearly three weeks ago, and destroyed 257 homes.
Many of the evacuees were given clearance to return home Thursday.
Unrein and fellow defensive linemen Ben Garland, Kevin Vickerson and Cyril Obiozor first met with families at a Ft. Collins park. They talked about the fire, about families' experiences since being evacuated and plenty about Broncos football.
"It's good that the community so supportive in this area to lend a hand," Unrein said. "It's nice to know you'll get a hand too if something catastrophic happens."
Then the players, along with several Broncos cheerleaders and the mascot, Miles, visited fire fighters at their base camp.
"That was really cool," Unrein said. "To see the whole setup and how everything happens behind the scenes, how they communicate with the front lines, the equipment they use, how much they have to carry. It's amazing how they set that all up."
Broncos players Ben Garland, Kevin Vickerson, Mitch Unrein and Cyril Obiozor visited with Poudre Fire Authority fire fighters Thursday
Garland, a Grand Junction native and graduate of the Air Force Academy, has a personal connection to the Waldo Canyon Fire that exploded this week in Colorado Springs. Garland Tweeted earlier this week that his grandparents were forced to evacuate their home.
Unrein said Broncos players are planning more visits with fire victims and fire fighters in Colorado Springs when more players return to Colorado in early July.
Broncos owner Pat Bowlen also pledged $50,000 to be included in the Colorado Fire Relief Fund established by Gov. John Hickenlooper.
Anyone wishing to donate to fire victims can visit www.helpcoloradonow.org.
With Ty Warren back, a look at Broncos' defensive tackle situation
[media-credit name="Lindsay Jones, The Denver Post" align="aligncenter" width="495″] [/media-credit]
Broncos defensive tackle Ty Warren rejoined his teammates at Dove Valley Wednesday after agreeing to a restructured contract
Ty Warren is back at practice, so where does that leave the Broncos at defensive tackle?
The position group won't be complete until next week, when rookie second-round pick Derek Wolfe is finally allowed to join the team after his class at the University of Cincinnati graduates this weekend.
When the team opens that mandatory minicamp on June 12, here's who will be here:
Ty Warren — Warren on Wednesday said he currently weighs 310 pounds, and will likely play at 300 after his inevitable weight drop during training camp. He missed all of 2011 (triceps) and 2010 (with the Patriots, hip surgery) but said he physically feels better than he has in more than a decade. Two years without any contact will do that to you.
Justin Bannan — The former CU star is back for a second stint in Denver and eager to resume his role as a starter here. Bannan, 6-3 and 312 pounds, has been working with the first-team in each of the three OTA practices that have been open to the media.
Kevin Vickerson — Recovered from the ankle injury that forced him to miss most of the 2011 season, Vickerson has added nearly 50 pounds in hopes of being a more stout interior player. He has spent some time with the first team defense during OTAs.
Mitch Unrein — The Wyoming and Eaton High School alum played in 14 games as part of Denver's defensive line rotation last year.
Derek Wolfe — Drafted No. 36 overall, the Broncos hope the rookie from Cincinnati will help provide a strong interior pass-rush presence. He could be an edge player on run downs and move inside in pass-rush situations.
Sealver Siliga — Spent part of the 2011 season on Denver's practice squad but has impressed coaches through the start of OTAs. Siliga, listed at 307 pounds but likely more than 330 pounds, has lined up next to Bannan with the first-team defense in the past two practices that were open to the media.
Ben Garland — His Air Force commitment fulfilled, the Grand Junction native has rejoined the Broncos after spending training camp here in 2010.
Categories: Contracts
Ep. 11 — Broncos and Patriots Week
Ep. 10 — Super Special Broncos Bye Week Awards Edition
Ep. 9 — Trouble Ahead for the Broncos?
Ep. 5 — Dez Bryant in the best of times, Russell Wilson in the worst of times
Ep. 8 — No C.J. What now?
Broncos without Cutler? — 717 comments
A final word on Marshall's comments — 601 comments
To trade or not to trade... — 532 comments
Cutler gets the nod — 461 comments
Seahawks didn't beat the Broncos' "A" team in the Super Bowl — 458 comments
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Nicki Jhabvala is a Broncos beat writer for The Denver Post. She was previously the digital news editor for sports. Before arriving in Denver, she spent five years at Sports Illustrated working primarily as its online NBA editor. She also spent two years as a home page editor at the New York Times.
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text:
Genre: Action and Adventure
Director: Alejandro G. Iñárritu
Cast: Leonardo Dicaprio, Tom Hardy, Domhnall Gleeson, Will Poulter, Lukas Haas
MPAA-Rating: R
"As long as you can still grab a breathe, cheapest you fight." That is the unmistakable and undeniable mantra of Hugh Glass, the tough frontiersman at the center of the new drama The Revenant. Played by Leonardo DiCaprio, Glass is a guide in the 1820s who has witnessed death and knows the value of life, a value he teaches to his young son Hawk (Forrest Goodluck). It's a value that thematically underscores director Alejandro González Iñárritu masterful and unforgettable production.
In 2014, Iñárritu directed and cowrote Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance). That feature was a work of art, a film that came alive partially because of the risks that the director took in bringing it onscreen. The whole feature played out like one long continuous shot. It was a risky venture but one that triumphantly worked.
One would think that Oscar winner Iñárritu would be willing to play it safe after accomplishing such a feat onscreen. Instead, he does the opposite.
The Revenant, his latest cinematic creation, is a brutally effective drama about the power of the human spirit that was filmed in some of nature's harshest conditions. The weather conditions though aren't the bleakest elements of the feature. Within the movie's opening moments, a group of travelers led by Glass i is brutally attacked in a disturbingly visceral scene of death and violence. The environment that this director quickly envelopes us in is a grim and harsh world where death could be awaiting you at any moment.
After surviving the attack, Glass walks ahead of his group and is mauled by a bear in a terrifyingly brutal sequence. His body is ravaged. Even when the his group finds him, they are surprised that he is still breathing.
Believing that Glass is on the verge of death but not wanting to end the man's life, Captain Andrew Henry (Domhnall Gleeson) leaves Glass under the care and supervision of his associate John Fitzgerald (Tom Hardy), a young man named Bridger (Will Poulter) and Glass' young son Powaqa (Nakehk'o). After a betrayal though, Glass is left for dead — his emaciated body nearly buried alive in the harsh and unforgiving wilderness.
Inspired by true events and partially adapted by Michael Punke's book The Revenant: A Novel of Revenge, the feature chronicles Glass' journey as he survives the elements and enemies on all sides. DiCaprio, unlike so many of his previous roles, is forced to carry much of the movie alone with his physical performance. After the bear attack, Glass can barely speak but the actor still manages to communicate his character's emotions as Glass struggles under tremendously difficult physical conditions and under grueling emotional torment.
Cinematographer Emmanuel Lubezki beautifully captures the landscape and look of this treacherous world. The environment here is filled with unknown physical dangers, fiercely cold weather but beautiful natural resources and it's to the credit of Lubezki and Iñárritu that the filmmaking crew was able to depict it so realistically. Numerous reports have noted how difficult and arduous the film shoot was but the toughness of the shoot seeps its way into the whole film, offering audiences a true glimpse of this grim reality.
Against the odds, Iñárritu has crafted another auspicious cinematic masterpiece here. Glass' struggle to survive and his quest for revenge come to vivid and memorable life in this long but masterful production. Glass' mantra is realized thanks in part to the brilliant lead performance of DiCaprio, the majestic vision of Lubezki and the courage of Iñárritu.
Iñárritu didn't play it safe and this film only testifies to the auteur's incredible artistic abilities.
Review by: John Hanlon
Tags: Alejandro González Iñárritu, Hugh Glass, Leonardo DiCaprio, The Revenant, Tom Hardy
Review: Dunkirk
The King of Staten Island


I know myself too well. If I try be super-organised and have every piece of make-up/cosmetics in their allocated make-up bag/drawer/container then my bathroom counter will look a disaster when I am done... Guaranteed.
For me it needs to be as accessible and simple as possible when it comes to my everyday make-up. Basically my cosmetics cupboards have enough cosmetics to last me a lifetime... And longer. I have shelves of scented candles, shelves of self tan, drawers of nail varnishes, and bags of 'eye-things'/'lip-things/cheek-things blah blah blah (the list is long and ridiculous). However, the embarrassing part of all of this is that I use a teensy-tiny fraction of these cosmetics, so until then they can look pretty in my drawers, and I am on a mission to make my daily essentials look pretty, while being practically kept, thus avoiding my make-up mess.
As I'm sure you have guessed, the Dyptique candles as storage sold me as I love these and generally throw the jar away when they are burnt through, now I'm counting the days 'til these are done and I can use them to store ear-buds, glosses etc etc. I have bought a beautiful ceramic toothbrush holder from Wild Olive that has been great in storing my brush collection (ridiculous too), and plan on getting more of these as they are pretty and practical.
I personally use a mixture of tins and beautiful gift boxes to store my make up. For the items I don't use too often I have a drawer system in my cupboard.
A while ago I saw some really clever ideas of how to display makeup in really beautiful ways using magnets.
I don't think there will ever be an entirely perfect way to store ones ever growing makeup collection, it is fun trying them out.