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Steampunk Robots and Action Figures
Posted on September 28, 2021 October 4, 2021 by admin
Steampunk robots are creative technological inventions that have a flair for pseudo-Victorian mechanical fantasies. These modded vintage robots help the modern world connect to the fantastical universe created by authors like H.G. Wells and Jules Verne. The visual characteristics from these fictional worlds have helped steampunk artists in widening their imaginations and creating amazing steampunk robots and mechanical models that we can see and appreciate today.
1 Steampunk Robots in Literature and Media
2 Steampunk Robots and Action Figure Designs and DIY projects
2.1 Steampunk Robots- 3D Action Figure/Watch Holder
2.2 Steampunk Robots – Ancient Mechanical Warriors
2.3 Steampunk Moon Astronaut
2.4 Mechanical Robot Model with Bluetooth Speaker
2.5 Steampunk Robots – Infantryman Mecha Model
2.6 Steampunk Style Industrial Table Lamp
3 Batman Action Figure – Steampunk Version
4 Batman Action Figure – American Wild West Version
5 Steampunk Samurai Iron Man and War Machine
Steampunk Robots in Literature and Media
One of the earliest examples of steam-powered humanized robots was seen in the 1868 novella The Steam Man of the Prairies written by Edward S. Ellis. The Steam Man was powered using a belly full of hot water and operated using reins on its levers and valves. An improved and optimized version of the same automaton was later seen in sequels which were written by Harry Enton.
Another example of a steampunk robot that can be seen in literature is the automaton Tik-Tok who is a fictional character from the Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum. Tik-Tok was initially presented as a round-bodied mechanical robot made of copper, that ran on clockwork springs that needed to be wound periodically, like a wind-up toy or mechanical clock. The Clockwork Dynasty by Daniel H. Wilson is one of the more modern works which shows the existence of automaton robots full of gears, springs, brass, and character living alongside humanity.
Over time there have been several modern interpretations of steampunk robots. Movies like Hellboy 2: The Golden Army(2008) and Hugo(2011) are some of the more modern movies that have been able to capture the essence of steampunk aesthetics when rendering their automatons on screen.
Steampunk Robots and Action Figure Designs and DIY projects
The most common visual characteristics of steampunk robots include gears, clockworks, pipes, gauges, etc. Other features include moving parts, winding mechanisms, and other functionalities in the modern world. Most modern steampunk tinkerers use repurposed old parts, brass, clockwork, chrome, and sometimes mixing technology with several other elements into Victorian-themed steampunk robot sculptures.
Steampunk Robots- 3D Action Figure/Watch Holder
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This particular steampunk robot is named Taurus by its creators. It is designed as an action figure and also as a watch holder. The robot is made by cutting high-quality metal using ultra-precision laser cutting. This robot comes as a DIY assembly kit consisting of various parts that need to be put together as per the instructions given in the instructions manual. There is no need for glue as most of the parts are fixed together using screw connections and gears.
This robot features a lot of amazing details like gears, screws, spring mechanisms, etc. There are a lot of pieces involved in this DIY assembly project and patience is the key when putting it together. It will not only help you get hands-on skills in assembling a complex robot from scratch but it will also help you build creative skills and problem-solving skills. All the tools to fix the robot are included with the robot.
The robot is suitable for all above 14 years of age. Children below 14 years are advised to play with the robot under adult or parental guidance. Apart from being used as a decorative item for your desk, this robot can also be used as a watch holder.
Steampunk Robots – Ancient Mechanical Warriors
These are an amazing set of steampunk robots who are considered by their creators to be ancient mechanical warriors. Each of these warriors wields a powerful weapon and their creators have also given each of them their own unique back story and inspiration.
These models are designed using laser cutting technology on high-quality metals such as stainless steel, iron, and copper. These robots are the perfect DIY assembly models to enhance your creativity and imagination. Each model is made up of 500+ parts that make the assembly a time taking process. Patience is the key when putting these steampunk robots together. You can also mix and match different parts to create your own robot designs which is a fun activity to engage in. Every joint of these models are movable which makes it a wonderful experience to assemble it and enjoy your work afterward.
This model is suitable for all people over the age of 14 years. Children below 14 years of age are advised to play with this DIY project under adult or parental guidance.
Steampunk Moon Astronaut
Astronauts have always been considered pioneers and adventurers who explore the vast mysteries of this universe. They do so by donning their spacesuits and other gadgets and jumping onto their spaceship to fly into the darkness we call 'Space'. The designers of this amazing space astronaut have combined elements such as bolts, gears, chains, springs, etc. to create this steampunk design. The design of the body is modeled after the design of a spacesuit, which consists of the oxygen tube and oxygen cylinder backpack design The head features a transparent ball that can display different effects according to different lights.
It is a relatively easy project with 154 pieces that need to be assembled. The completion time can be somewhere between 1-2 hours depending on your skill and hands-on abilities. You can also attach a key chain to the model and use it as such.
Mechanical Robot Model with Bluetooth Speaker
This robot is called the 'Magnetic Hunter' by its designers. Each part of this robot is made using high-quality metal and cut using ultra-precision laser cutting to provide a perfectly detailed model. A wireless Bluetooth speaker is provided which can be attached to the top left shoulder of the mecha bot. The Bluetooth speaker can be connected to any mobile phone or can also be used to play music using a TF memory card.
This unique DIY puzzle can be assembled in any way you can possibly imagine. Beginners, however, are advised to follow the instructions as provided in the manual. Tools such as screwdrivers, nipper pliers, and a mini sleeve are provided with the kit which makes it really convenient to assemble this project.
Steampunk Robots – Infantryman Mecha Model
If you are an avid puzzle collector, or if you would just like to stay indoors and engage in a meaningful activity, then this DIY model is for you. This model is made using high-quality material and consists of 200+ pieces. The artist Mr. Mech has created this beautiful design with his unique, recognizable steampunk style and pain-staking perfectionism with great attention to detail
You can assemble this robot alone or with your friend and family. This model will not only help you kept engaged in an activity for a few hours but will also help you build creative, problem-solving, and reasoning skills. Once assemble this robot appears as one from an army of several steampunk robots used to carry ammunition and supplies around the battlefield.
This model can be used as a decorative item for your desk or can also be used as a phone holder for you to enjoy using your phone while appreciating your DIY handiwork at the same time.
Steampunk Style Industrial Table Lamp
This steampunk-style industrial table lamp is a unique and exquisite robot model designed using high-quality metal materials. The lamp has a stable and reliable structure that can be disassembled and reassembled to adjust the amazing details as per your preference.
It comes with an Edith tungsten filament bulb whose brightness can be adjusted. It not only has a vintage style and personality but can also be used as a bedside lamp or reading lamp. This lamp will be a perfect addition to your home, bar, coffee store, workplace, and so on.
You can check out some more steampunk robots and designs here.
If you would like to check out some steampunk related models and DIY projects, check here.
Batman Action Figure – Steampunk Version
Anyone who has heard of Gotham knows that it lies under the protection of the DC comics greatest detective. He acts as an agent of hope and justice against those who indulge in crime, chaos, and evil. This steampunk version of Batman is part of the Variant Play Arts KAI figures. The designers, sculptors, and engineers behind this project have poured their hearts and soul into creating this original and unique design.
The designers have taken inspiration from the gadgets and suits used by this iconic figure and combined them with the design elements of the 'Steam era'. The transparent chest armor reveals gears and cogs which appear to power the suit's operations. The body armor on the Bat-suit appears to be the armor that was worn by medieval knights. The cape has a five-layer structure that can be adjusted to different shapes and designs. The entire figure is carefully painted throughout using burnished bronze metallic colors which further adds to the steampunk aesthetic of this amazing 'Steam Knight'. This Batman action figure also includes a display stand and interchangeable hand parts.
Batman Action Figure – American Wild West Version
This version of Batman is an American Wild West-inspired action figure from the same designers as part of the Variant Play Arts KAI figures. This action figure features a heavily detailed costume which includes a mask, cowboy hat, utility belt, grapple gun holster, cape, and many more amazing details. There are numerous posing options and several eye-catching details which complete the Western aesthetic of this amazing batman action figure.
This version of Batman also has a lot of unique weapons at his disposal. Weapons include Batarang, knife, pistol, grappling hook, and axe. The figure also includes two sets of interchangeable hands and the cape is removable.
This action figure will really stand out and get attention from all who lay their eyes on it.
Steampunk Samurai Iron Man and War Machine
Iron man's high-tech armor is rendered as ancient Samurai armor, with details down to the ornate scroll-work on the breastplate and rivets on the plating. Clockwork, steampunk style jet pack and flintlock rifle-like cannons provide a vintage alternate world atmosphere to the design. The 180mm figure comes with two types of optional hands (left and right sides), a Katana, and a jet pack.
The War machine armor has significantly more weapons than the Iron man armor. These weapons appear to be modified versions of weapons seen during the late 18th and early 19th century. The entire set Includes two pairs of optional hands, a sword, a backpack, and a stand.
These action figures are arranged by Takeyuki Takeya and sculpted by Junichi Taniguchi and Takashi Yamaguchi. Their combined masterful skills have re-envisioned the two iron armors as it might have appeared in the era of Samurai.
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Peter Unruh (* 18. September 1965 in Peine) ist ein deutscher Rechtswissenschaftler, Hochschullehrer und Präsident des Landeskirchenamtes der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Norddeutschland.

Leben
Peter Unruh studierte von 1984 bis 1989 Rechtswissenschaften an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Dort wurde er 1993 nach Betreuung durch Ralf Dreier mit einer Dissertation zur Staatsphilosophie Immanuel Kants promoviert. Sein Referendariat absolvierte er von 1993 bis 1995 am Oberlandesgericht Hamburg. Von 1995 bis 2001 war er als Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter an der Universität Göttingen tätig. Im Jahr 2001 folgte seine Habilitation aufgrund einer Arbeit zum Verfassungsbegriff des Grundgesetzes. Ihm wurde die Lehrberechtigung für die Fächer Öffentliches Recht, Europarecht und Rechtsphilosophie zuerkannt.

2005 trat Unruh in den Dienst der damaligen Nordelbischen Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche und leitete das Rechtsdezernat im Nordelbischen Kirchenamt in Kiel. Im Zuge der Bildung der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Norddeutschland wurde er im September 2012 Präsident des Landeskirchenamtes mit Sitz in Kiel und einer Außenstelle in Schwerin. Als Präsident ist er beratendes Mitglied der Kirchenleitung und nimmt beratend an den Tagungen der Landessynode teil. Er ist verantwortlich für die Pflege der Beziehungen zu EKD, VELKD und UEK sowie  zwischen Kirche und Staat.

Zugleich ist er seit Mai 2005 außerplanmäßiger Professor für Öffentliches Recht, Europarecht und Rechtsphilosophie an der Universität Göttingen. Er ist Mitglied der Vereinigung der Deutschen Staatsrechtslehrer und Mitherausgeber der Zeitschrift für evangelisches Kirchenrecht.

Peter Unruh ist verheiratet und hat zwei Kinder. Die Familie lebt in Heikendorf bei Kiel.

Veröffentlichungen
 Die Herrschaft der Vernunft. Zur Staatsphilosophie Immanuel Kants. Baden-Baden: Nomos 1993, zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 1992/93, ISBN 978-3-78903187-8 (= Studien zur Rechtsphilosophie und Rechtstheorie, 5); 2. Auflage 2016, ISBN 978-3-8487-2222-8.
 Der Verfassungsbegriff des Grundgesetzes. Eine verfassungstheoretische Rekonstruktion. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2002, zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Habil.-Schr., 2000/2001, ISBN 978-3-16-147696-9 (= Jus publicum, 82).
 mit Annette Göhres, Ulrich Stenzel (Hrsg.): Bischöfinnen und Bischöfe in Nordelbien 1924–2008. Kiel: Lutherische Verlagsgesellschaft 2008, ISBN 978-3-87503-131-7.
 Weimarer Staatsrechtslehre und Grundgesetz. Ein verfassungstheoretischer Vergleich. Berlin: Duncker und Humblot 2004, ISBN 978-3-428-11450-4 (= Schriften zur Verfassungsgeschichte, 68).
 Religionsverfassungsrecht. Baden-Baden: Nomos 2009, ISBN 978-3-8329-4698-2  (= Nomos Lehrbuch).
 2. Auflage 2012, 3. Auflage 2015, 4. Auflage 2018, ISBN 978-3-8487-3867-0.
 Reformation – Staat – Religion. Zur Grundlegung und Aktualität der reformatorischen Unterscheidung von Geistlichem und Weltlichem. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2017, ISBN 978-3-16-155217-5.

Weblinks
 Der Präsident des Landeskirchenamtes, Nordkirche
 Prof. Dr. Peter Unruh, Universität Göttingen (mit Schriftenverzeichnis)
 Gerhard Köbler: Wer ist wer im deutschen Recht, 20180703. Fassung, 4482

Einzelnachweise

Kirchenrechtler (21. Jahrhundert)
Staatsrechtler (21. Jahrhundert)
Präsident des Landeskirchenamtes Kiel
Hochschullehrer (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen)
Deutscher
Geboren 1965
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The Leaflet: In a Thriving Economy, Work Requirements Work
By Arianna Wilkerson
New research confirms that work requirements for food stamps do, in fact, work. The Foundation for Government Accountability (FGA) report finds that since Arkansas implemented work requirements for the state's food stamp program in 2016, enrollment of non-pregnant, non-elderly, abled-bodied adults without dependents (ABAWD) dropped 70 percent within a year.
In fact, ABAWDs who sought work instead of welfare increased their incomes126 percent on average within a year of leaving the food stamp program. The report features several inspirational stories of Arkansans who were able to make more than $40,000 within a year, more than double their county's median earnings.
Even better, all Arkansans, even those not on food stamps, have benefited from this reform. Taxpayers are experiencing estimated savings of $28 million per year since 2016, freeing up funds that can pay for high priority needs. The state's tax revenue has also risen by more than $2.3 million because former recipients are paying more income and sales taxes.
The food stamps program, officially known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), reached peak enrollment and cost during the Great Recession. In 2013, its worst year, more than 47 million Americans relied on Uncle Sam to purchase groceries at a public cost of nearly $80 billion.
Under federal law, ABAWDs must work, train, or volunteer at least 20 hours per week to obtain benefits. These adults are supposed to be removed from food stamp rolls if they fail to meet the work requirements for more than three consecutive months. However, the Obama administration allowed states to waive the three-month limit, which allowed ABAWDs to receive benefits without work indefinitely. Over the past five years, Arkansas and 16 other states have removed these time limit waivers and/or implemented work requirements because of the thriving economy and a general distaste for government dependence.
Similar to Arkansas, Kansas and Maine experienced declines in their SNAP enrollments after reinstating part-time work requirements for ABAWDs. Six months after the work requirements were implemented, Maine's SNAP enrollment dropped from more than 16,000 to less than 3,000. Thousands of former enrollees entered the workforce, where they experienced a 114 percent rise in income. Within three months of implementation, nearly half of Kansas' enrollees exited the program, gained employment, and experienced an average increase in their incomes of 127 percent.
As the U.S. economy continues to expand and unemployment rates hit all-time lows, SNAP participation has trended down. State legislators should take advantage of the opportunity a rebounding economy provides. For instance, policymakers should allow SNAP time limit waivers to expire and institute other necessary reforms such as restricting purchases of junk foods, ending SNAP participation for stores that engage in food stamp fraud, and transforming SNAP from an entitlement program to a block-grant program. Inserting self-sufficiency, integrity, and community engagement into SNAP will ensure that only the most vulnerable Americans are given necessary resources, while not ensnaring them in a welfare-woven spider web.
What We're Working On
Child Safety Accounts Allow All Colorado Students Access to Safe Schools
In this Research & Commentary, Policy Analyst Tim Benson writes about a bill to introduce Child Safety Accounts (CSA) in Colorado. CSAs are a type of education savings account that empowers parents to remove their children from unsafe schools and place them in a safer education environment. Any Colorado public school student would be eligible for a CSA if they were "directly affected or involved" in a "safety incident" at school. These are identified as bullying, sexual harassment, sexual abuse or misconduct, gang activity, fighting or any other act of violence, suicide attempts or threats, or any other incident a licensed Colorado physician examines and identifies to have taken place and harmed a student.
Fallacies of So-Called 'Sustainable' Investments
This Heartland Policy Brief authored by Martin Hutchinson examines—from the point of view of a fiduciary or any other investor whose primary duty or goal is to maximize returns—the arguments made in favor of investing in so-called "sustainables." The brief shows that fiduciaries have a moral obligation—and, in some cases, a legal obligation—to avoid sustainable investment practices. Such investments usually involve government subsidies and are made as a result of pressure from governments, meaning they are not promising on their own merits. Rather than embrace sustainable investment practices, fiduciaries should focus on sound science and investment practices that maximize risk-adjusted returns.
The State Lawmaker's Case for Legalizing Dental Therapy
In this Policy Brief, Heartland Research Fellow Michael Hamilton outlines why state lawmakers should support dental therapy. "Ultimately, state lawmakers face one question looming above all other questions, claims, and statistics generated by the dental therapy debate: Is the freedom of patients to choose their oral health care providers and the freedom of licensed dentists to choose their employees so dangerous that the state should deprive patients and dentists of their liberty?," wrote Hamilton.
Budget & Tax
Checking in with the Vaping Congressman
In the episode of Voices of Vapers, Rep. Duncan Hunter (R-CA) joins the show to discuss his vaping story, federal legislation, and suggestions for policy makers and e-cigarette users on regulating tobacco harm reduction products.
From Our Free-Market Friends
The Carbon Tax: Analysis of Six Potential Scenarios
A study commissioned by Institute for Energy Research and conducted by Capital Alpha Partners evaluates the economic impact of current carbon dioxide tax proposals. The study finds that most carbon dioxide taxes would reduce GDP between $3.76 trillion and $5.92 trillion over a two-decade period. The gargantuan loss in GDP would put a severe financial strain on the budgets of state and local governments, reducing their tax revenues by up to $30.6 billion per year during the first 10 years of the tax.
Click here to subscribe to The Leaflet, the weekly government relations e-newsletter.
Arianna Wilkerson
Arianna Wilkerson worked in government relations at The Heartland Institute from 2017 – 2019.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


One of my favorite dishes to teach is this marinated kale avocado salad. Sure, by now most New Yorkers are such fanatics they've probably converted their shampoo, face cream, and bed sheets to products with some derivative of kale. But I'm always surprised by how few people know how to easily remove the stems and cut the leaves to get the thin, beautiful ribbons, they're used to seeing in the restaurant kale salads of their dreams.
It's for this reason that I decided to develop a kale avocado salad for my Vitamin Shoppe pantry to plate class. To give the recipe a new flavor from my past kale efforts, I used coconut oil (I like this brand), toasted coconut, and liquid aminos for a slight Asian vibe.
One of my favorite new healthy local spots is Nourish Kitchen + Table. Their detox kale salad is one of the best around. It has a hint of sesame and tamari, but the highlight for me is that it's topped with beautiful shaved watermelon radishes. Since apple cider vinegar was one of my pantry ingredients du jour, I did a quick pickle on some radishes and carrots for the salad. One of the many benefits of apple cider vinegar is that it's known to support insulin function. This makes it a great thing to incorporate in your diet if you tend to eat a lot of carbs, like, say, fried rice.
The coconut oil gives the salad a great background flavor. But one thing to note is that it can easily go from liquid to solid when confronted with cold temperatures. So make sure your kale is room temperature and not straight from the fridge. Otherwise, hold off and wait until after the marinating process to drizzle in the coconut oil as a flavor finish.
This detox kale avocado salad with pickled vegetables is exactly what my body has been hungering for the past few weeks as I've force fed it high fructose corn syrup and MSG. It's also a great thing to make in advance and pack in your lunchbox for those of you who are a little late to the game on getting in the back-to-school healthy groove.
You'll want to serve this kale avocado salad at room temperature so the coconut oil doesn't solidify.
Stack the kale leaves in a pile and roll up like a cigar. Thinly slice the kale. Set aside in a large mixing bowl. Add the garlic, lemon juice, liquid aminos and olive oil. Mix together with your hands until each leaf of kale is very well coated in the lemon-oil mixture. Drizzle in the coconut oil and toss to combine. Set aside for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally, until wilted.
Me love. So healthy, and I usually find coconut oil hard to incorporate but this gives me an idea where I went wrong.
you can use it instead of olive oil for sauteing too!
I still have a ton of kale in my garden and from my CSA, and I have been looking for a new preparation…you can never have too many kale salad recipes, right? Just discovered liquid aminos, too — love the sound of all of these flavors! will report back.
What a beautiful combination. I am always looking for potential ways to get my kids to like kale. It is the never ending struggle 🙂 My daughter LOVES anything pickled so I have high hopes for this recipe.


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The New Crafts Company
by Deepti Priya Mehrotra
Grey-haired Rewat Ram of Phalodi, Rajasthan, could easily get lost in the crowd were it not for the bright colors surrounding him. He sits, serenely confident, amid stacks of beautifully woven kurtas, dupattas (long scarves) and fabric in New Delhi's Chinmaya Mission hall, even as city buyers carefully examine the goods brought in from far-flung desert villages of Jaisalmer and Jodhpur in Rajasthan.
Ram and his co-weavers were participating in the first ever exhibition put up by Ranga Sutra - a newly established producers' company - in October, 2005. Explained Ram, "Some 15 years ago, I joined Urmul Marusthali Bunker Vikas Samiti - a weavers' group - through which over 170 weavers are earning a regular livelihood. We have managed to save the craft handed down to us by our ancestors. However, we have reached saturation point in terms of our sales. That is why we have now started Ranga Sutra. It will help us to develop the market systematically."
Sumita Ghose, well-known social worker who has worked at the grassroots level in Rajasthan, Assam and Delhi for the past two decades, is the central moving force behind Ranga Sutra - which she defines as a family of grassroots organizations coming together to find a space in the market today. Ghose's eyes sparkle as she traces the inception of Ranga Sutra: "Crafts-persons belonging to various grassroots organizations provided the inspiration. During the past five years, people like Rewat Ram ji have been saying that these organizations should open up a shop to directly access urban consumers. I found several NGO-initiated shops actually closing down - for instance the Dastkar and Udyogini shops (both in Delhi). I felt that there must be other strategies as well."
Hunting around for options, Ghose discovered the idea of a producers' company. A producers' company is midway between the usual private company on the one hand, and a cooperative on the other. Exploring the option further, she found that so far only two Haryana-based milk cooperatives have registered as Producers' Companies. Ranga Sutra is, thus, the first crafts cooperative to register as a producers' company. Says Ghose, "We thought, we've to do it in a way that is financially viable. The form of organization is important."
The overwhelming majority of Ranga Sutra's shareholders are craftspeople. These 1000-odd crafts-persons are the founding members of Ranga Sutra. They belong to four organizations: 68 are from Vasundhara Gramothan Samiti, Lunkaransar, Rajasthan; 350 from Bajju, Rajasthan; 123 from the Action North-East Trust, Kokrajhar, Assam; 350 from the Pan Himalayan Grassroots Foundation, Almora, Uttaranchal; and 170 from the Urmul Marusthali Bunker Vikas Samiti, Phalodi.
All these crafts-persons belong to economically impoverished, marginalized communities living in remote areas - far from airports, railway stations or even proper roads. Barely literate, denied connections or infrastructure, as individuals it would be impossible to sell their products to the wider world. Through participation in local grassroots organizations, they realized the power of working as a group. Wanting to further tap the potential and expand their reach, they responded to Ghose's idea of a Producers' Company.
The five groups contributed Rs 10,000 (1US$=Rs 44) each to the original share capital for Ranga Sutra. Apart from these five organizations, there are five founding members of Ranga Sutra - all individuals, including professionals from designing, business and the garment industry. Ranga Sutra has taken no funds from the corporate sector or from any funding agency.
Ranga Sutra hopes to combine the power of organization with the dynamism of a commercially viable outfit. Social commitment coexists, here, with hard-headed economic logic. Thus Ram foresees the income of each of the 170 Phalodi weavers rising due to Ranga Sutra. He says, "At present the average annual earnings of each of our weavers is Rs 25,000 to 40,000. Through Ranga Sutra's support this will rise. Weavers can then send their children to school, improve their health and food intake. Moreover, 20 new weavers will be able to join the organization every year."
Between them, these five organizations represent traditional weaving, embroidery, stitching as well as organic agriculture and horticulture. The Uttaranchal group consists of women who make hand-knitted garments, as well as fruit growers. The Assam group has women weavers from the Bodo tribe. The group from Bajju consists of women embroiderers - most of them refugees from the 1971 war. The Lunkaransar group has weavers from Bikaner and Churu districts.
The weavers from Rajasthan and the North East work in unbelievably bright colors, creating beauty from wisps of cotton or raw wool - belying the dark, harsh conditions of their lives. While Bajju specializes in embroidery, North Eastern and Phalodi crafts-persons interweave intricate designs into their fabrics - geometrical motifs passed down through the centuries, timeless in their appeal.
Registered in December 2004, Ranga Sutra's exhibition attracted a motley range of buyers and activist supporters. Ranga Sutra has already provided some design inputs, apart from the marketing support.
The idea seems to have taken off. Several other organizations, attracted to Ranga Sutra's philosophy and transparently honesty, took part in the exhibition. These include Satya Jyoti from Haryana, Charmkar Vikas Sansthan, Seekar, Rajasthan, Kullu Karishma, Himachal Pradesh and Shramik Kala Kendra, Karnataka. For Kakoli Banerjee from Satya Jyoti, the experience was invigorating: "Our organization is just one year old. This is the first time we have brought our products for bulk sales. Our goods are selling well here. In fact, we may exhaust all our supplies within these four days."
Satya Jyoti products are indeed attractive - juices, pickles, herbal teas and other food items, as well as stylish garments. Banerjee herself is a professional designer who left a hi-fi city job to relocate to Satya Jyoti's 30-acre farm in village Sarekhurd, Alwar, Haryana. She and her colleagues grow organic food, and teach sewing, embroidery and literacy skills to women in the village. Banerjee envisages Satya Jyoti formally joining Ranga Sutra.
Ghose wants Ranga Sutra to be "a place where rural meets urban, producer meets consumer, and products become a means for human connection". Already, it is a meeting point for many people's dreams. Its constituent organizations, already active in integrated community empowerment, and aesthetic creative production, are straining to further broaden their horizons.
More by : Deepti Priya Mehrotra


It is disappointing to lose one of the most beautiful plants in your garden. In the case of frangipanis, however, the problem has a solution...easy, but not preferred.
At the start of spring, our Fruit Salad Frangipani was struck down with collar rot. It is my belief that the disease was induced by its heavy layer of mulch. Under normal conditions, mulch is an asset to a garden, because it acts to conserve valuable water and limit nutrient-stealing weeds. However, the thick mulch had been pushed up against the trunk of the plant, creating an overly damp environment. The probable vectors of the plant's demise were a pair of Common Blackbirds (Turdus merula) which regularly scratched and fossicked in the mulch in search of worms and other garden organisms. The lesson has been learned the hard way: ensure that the mulch stays right away from the trunk of the plant… especially with the presence of blackbirds!
Apart from the physical symptom of collar rot, a type of ring-barking of the trunk at ground level, the frangipani appeared 'delayed', rather than dead. For some time, we were puzzled that the plant was not flourishing. Flowers had been produced right throughout the spring and summer, but no leaves, only juvenile leaf stubs were present, giving an appearance of life. This behaviour was clearly a signal: the tree continued to flower in hope of re-creating itself before it died.
Sadly, the tree will need to be removed.
Fortunately, frangipanis are relatively easy to grow from cuttings. Not only tips, but also full branches can be struck to create new plants.
When you take your cuttings, ensure that the milky sap flowing from the cutting has dried. Some people will recommend leaving your cutting to dry for a fortnight before potting up. I even know of a person who successfully struck a frangipani cutting after neglecting it for months. For me, two days of drying out is sufficient.
Once potted, do not over-water your frangipani cuttings: water sparingly every few days, because frangipanis resent having 'wet feet'.
Our original Fruit Salad Frangipani was cutting-grown and had shown that it was a fast growing variety, reaching over two metres in its first three years. The replacement cuttings are showing the same, energetic growth habits and have quickly established over the past month. They will remain in their pots through the winter months. However, when the weather warms again, the strongest cutting will be selected to replace our ailing frangipani. No-one wants to lose one of their favourite trees. However, we can be thankful that frangipanis are so easy to replicate!


text:
Boxing reforms off to rocky start with suspension of outspoken critic
Efforts to reform the International Boxing Association (AIBA) to make it less corrupt and more democratic have had a rocky start. First AIBA suspended a critical vice president on suspicions that he had committed acts of terrorism but in all likelihood it is a case of mistaken identity. Later AIBA suspended its secretary general for embezzlement - without making it public.
When C.K. Wu took over as AIBA president from the Pakistani Anwar Chowdhry, he woved to clean up AIBA and set up a reform committee headed by the Norwegian IOC member, Gerhard Heiberg. He also asked PriceWaterhouseCoopers to make an audit of all AIBA finances and it is on the basis of their report that secretary general Caner Doganeli has been suspended.
According to Around the Rings, a newsletter on Olympic affairs, the audit report suggests that Doganeli has embezzled the federation in excess of 100,000 dollars. The report was presented at a meeting of the Executive Committee on 9 February where Doganeli was present. Three days later the AIBA Ethics Committee recommended that he should be suspended.
None of this information can be found on AIBA's own website. But according to Around the Rings, the audit report also warns of an impending scandal as hundreds of thousands of dollars appear to have been improperly paid to former AIBA president Anwar Chowdhry. In addition to which a former AIBA official is suspected of having run up tens of thousands of euros in gambling debts on a federation credit card.
Khusainov suspended to investigate suspicions of terrorist leanings
So on the financial front president Wu has his hands full. But the federation may have created another problem for itself when the Executive Committee at its recent meeting in Taipei decided to suspend its vice president Eduard Khusainov who is one of Wu's most outspoken critics.
Khusainov is president of the Boxing Federation of Russia (RBF) and also president of the European Amateur Boxing Association (EABA). His suspension is related to allegations that he is affiliated to an extremist Islamic group and has been convicted of terrorist acts.
After a presentation of these allegations, the Executive Committee immediately decided to temporarily suspend Khusainov pending further investigations.
But according to EABA and the Boxing Federation of Russia no further investigation is necessary. The two organisations say that boxing's Eduard R. Khusainov has been mistaken for a namesake, Eduard K. Khusainov who was convicted of membership of Hitz-Hizb-ut-Takhrir and given a suspended sentence at a court in Nizhnevartovsk.
On its website, EABA has posted copies of letters from the Russian Olympic Committee, the Moscow city government, the European Union of Boxing Veterans and the court in Nizhnevartovsk that all testify that Eduard R. Khusainov has never been convicted of any criminal acts.
The letter from the deputy chairman of the Nizhnevartovsk city court, A. Zolatavi, states that the court has convicted Eduard K. Khusainov born on 26 January 1972. And "there is no criminal case against Khusainov Eduard Rishatovich, born in 1960, in the Nizhnevartovsk city court."
Russian boxing federation says attack is deliberate
The Boxing Federation of Russia is convinced that the attack on Khusainov is deliberate and not a mistake. In an open letter to all sport leaders and national boxing federations, the vice president, the state coach and the executive director of the boxing federation write that they believe events in Taipei took place because Khusainov told the truth about the working methods of the new leadership.
"Times of democracy and Olympics in AIBA ended without beginning. Having voted for new AIBA leadership amateur boxing chose the regime of dictatorship and intolerance. We think it is a well-prepared action of frightening everyone who will dare to object to lawlessness in AIBA," the letter reads.
In an interview with the German newspaper Berliner Zeitung, president Wu says that the decision to suspend Khusainov had nothing to do with criticisms raised by the Russian vice president.
"There was information in the public domain that Khusainov was involved in terrorist activities and that he had also been sentenced to a suspended jail sentence. We asked him for a statement. We questioned him for half an hour. He did not answer. We then decided unanimously to suspend him and refer the case to the Ethics Commission," Wu explains in the Berliner Zeitung.
The Russian Boxing Federation on the other hand maintains in its open letter that Khusainov was not given an opportunity to speak at the meeting of the executive committee - not even after president Wu was presented with all the documents that are now posted on the website of the European Amateur Boxing Association.
What is right and who is wrong in this mess remains to be seen but the reform committeee certainly has its work cut out.
Keywords: corruption, governance


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FOCUS-Xiaomi banks on phone data for finance play in India
Fanny Potkin, Sankalp Phartiyal
JAKARTA/MUMBAI Aug 23 (Reuters) - China's Xiaomi is poised to launch a consumer lending business in India in the coming weeks, making an ambitious tilt at the booming financial services market where data privacy concerns and fierce competition present formidable challenges.
The stakes are high for the world's fourth largest mobile phone vendor, whose business model relies on low-margin hardware sales with services as a key long-term profit centre. The company reported disappointing second-quarter earnings on Tuesday and its shares are trading at slightly over half their 2018 IPO price
Xiaomi is betting it can leverage its number one position in India's smartphone market to tap into the country's lucrative but crowded financial services sector. Yet, the mounting public concern over data privacy, which has forced tech giants like Google and Facebook to change the way they do business, could make it a bumpy road for the Chinese firm.
Indeed, Xiaomi's approach to data collection and privacy has raised eyebrows among some of those familiar with its international expansion plans. The company remains a small player in financial services in its home country, according to documents seen by Reuters.
Xiaomi faces ferocious competition across Asia from banks, global tech giants, fintech startups and others who are scrambling for position in the region's booming digital economy.
In Indonesia, another key market, Xiaomi's financial unit had to shut down in late 2018 due to a disagreement with regulators over licensing.
A source familiar with Xiaomi's India efforts said the company was doing well there with its first offering, a payment app called Mi Pay that launched in March.
"They seem to be following the market leaders, Apple and Google, where a smartphone eventually will become more than a phone and more of a financial play," the source told Reuters.
Xiaomi's new Mi Credit service in India, offering loans of up to 100,000 rupees ($1,451) with interest rates starting at 1.8 percent, is scheduled to debut in the coming weeks. The Xiaomi spokesman told Reuters that Mi Credit was operating in "beta phase" but declined to share details.
India is Xiaomi's largest market outside China, and it boasts an installed base of some 70 million phones there, according to market researcher Counterpoint.
Xiaomi's fintech revenues rose 62.7 percent year-on-year to 112 million (RMB 792 million) for the second quarter, the company reported Tuesday, with a focus on "consumer loans and supply chain financing."
Xiaomi uses data from phone activity to create credit profiles based on a customer's "identity, life stage, lifestyle, social relationships, and brand loyalty," according to documents seen by Reuters.
The privacy issue has spooked at least one potential bank partner in Indonesia, Xiaomi's second-largest overseas market after India, which backed away from a deal in part because of concerns about invasive data collection, a senior executive at the bank told Reuters.
Consumers who apply for the services in India sign broad agreements consenting to share their personal data with Xiaomi, including everything from "professional and educational backgrounds" to "temporary messages history" and information related to "use of certain apps and websites".
The agreement also includes a disclosure that Xiaomi may share "personal information from time to time to Xiaomi affiliated companies...or third party service providers."
The banker in Indonesia told Reuters a presentation he saw showed the company scans phone owners' private data for mentions of lifestyle changes, such as a divorce or a promotion, as part of its approach to credit scoring.
Apar Gupta, executive director at advocacy group Internet Freedom Foundation, said a lack of data privacy laws and regulations in India left users vulnerable.
"The risks include information collection which goes beyond the reasonable contemplation of a user," Gupta said. "If they do not have adequate notice of what information is being gathered they have no meaningful way of knowing what they are bartering away in order to get a loan."
A Xiaomi spokesman told Reuters "user privacy and data protection is of utmost importance to us," and the firm had a "strong data protection agreement" in place with its lending partners in India.
Moreover, privacy concerns may not be top of mind for Xiaomi phone owners, many of whom are drawn by the relatively bargain prices of the hardware.
"Banks usually ask for a lot of documents before giving out a loan. If Xiaomi lends me money quickly, and without too many documents, I won't mind sharing my data with the company," said 29-year Akshay Pawar, a Xiaomi phone owner in Aurangabad in Western India. "100,000 rupees is a decent amount, good enough to buy a new motorcycle."
And the phone data appears to be effective in analysing risk: Xiaomi's non-performing loan ratio is under 2 percent, according to documents seen by Reuters, very low for consumer loans with the average ticket size of $1000 dollars.
CHINA RESULTS
In China, Xiaomi's lending business boasted a loan book of $8 billion, with $2 billion in outstanding balances, as of mid-2018, according to documents seen by Reuters. Mi Pay, operated in partnership with Chinese bank card provider UnionPay, has achieved an annual $12 billion in gross merchandise volume for China, with 20 million active users, according to the documents.
That leaves it far behind Chinese rivals such as WeChat Wallet and Alipay.
The China figures have not previously been reported. A spokesman for Xiaomi said the figures were valid as of May 2018, but declined to give the 2019 figures. (Reporting by Fanny Potkin in Jakarta and Sankalp Phartiyal in Mumbai. Additional reporting by Cindy Silviana and Jessica Damiana in Jakarta, Shu Zhang in Singapore, and Rajendra Jadhav in Mumbai. Editing by Jonathan Weber & Shri Navaratnam)


The Club at Lake Sinclair is the perfect setting for that special social event or corporate gathering. Milledgeville provides the privacy, elegance, and versatility for all of your special event needs and offers a Grand Ballroom, intimate Terrace and President's Rooms, a casual Lounge, and a quaint Porch. Their culinary staff can help you create a memory that you will cherish for a lifetime. They can guide you through the many options available to make this day uniquely special for you.
They also specialize in corporate meetings, social gatherings and charity events. Wireless internet connection is available throughout the clubhouse.


Small marble vase series-Nero Marquina marble from China, black with silk white texture, size isΦ8*15cm,surface finish is polished .
This black marble planter can make you very competitive on your local market for whosale. Simple design but not simple effect, everything is perfect when black marble pot meet with pink, purple, white ,green flower or plant, just a few are ok, not too many flowers.
For detailed marble vase price ,welcome to contact us.
2. White Marble Planter Pots series, made by white marble, size and design can be custom, we also can offer your modern table vases design idea.
Looking for ideal Black Marble Vase Manufacturer & supplier ? We have a wide selection at great prices to help you get creative. All the Black Marble Planter are quality guaranteed. We are China Origin Factory of Black Marble Pot. If you have any question, please feel free to contact us.


This Broulee home is a large, cosy and welcoming one. Large enough to accommodate two families who are in need of a relaxing beach holiday. Only a short five minute walk to the beach, supermarket and surf club.
The entire home and garage is yours to treat as your own, relax and be comfortable. Cook up a storm in the Weber and enjoy it at the private north facing courtyard. The backyard is fully enclosed so even the family pet can join you.
The house is very spacious and features a separate lounge, dining/meals, and quite area for games or puzzles. The kitchen is fully equipped so you don't feel like you need to eat out for every meal.
There is an en suite in the main bedroom. The main bathroom is great for large groups as it has a separate bath, shower, toilet and hand basin. Linen is provided, just bring your own beach towel.


This was my second pantomime and what better place than the Hackney Empire! I played the role of Dandini, best friend to the Prince Charming. What a treat to perform on that legendary stage. It's like performing onstage at the Apollo Theatre in New York. I learned so much and had a great time. "Oh yes I did"!


The fully open of second-child policy, which means that China is facing another cruel challenge---the aging population increasing.Pension has become a common problem faced by whole society, though the second-child policy has fully opened, this can't change the trend of rapid aging.
To make more old people get a better life, Balas continues the activity of "Piety in the word". At the beginning of new year, we start this activity to share piety around the world! For this donation ,we together with hundreds of "Public Service Ambassador" to share the whole society love to all the old people.
This activity, Balas together with hundreds of public service ambassadors entered into theapartment for the elderly in Shijiazhuang city of Hebei province. For the hundreds of old people, the adult care product brought by our representative of public benefit, just solve their demand.
It was said that, since the beginning of Balas' piety activity in 2016, it had attracted lots of love ambassadors to participate by the style of "You buy, I donate" in Hebei province. People who buy the adult care products, Balas will donate one bag to charity house by the name of customers. The activity only open two weeks, it had got hundreds of supporters. This just a beginning,and in the near future, Balas will donate much more adult care products.
One day, we will grow old, at that time we also hope that we can spend the remaining years, and now the first thing is to learn to love and be grateful. What we can do is limited for the elderly, but even a glimmer of care for the elderly is also a comfort and happiness. Balas' public benefit activity of " piety in the world" will not stop the pace, and we hope to use this action to infect more people. Starting from you and me to join our action of piety, try our best to offer the love and warmth to the elderly.


text:
namespace {

const char kErrorPingNotImplemented[] = "Not implemented";
const char kErrorPingFailed[] = "Failed to send ping packet";
}

namespace extensions {

namespace SendPacket = api::diagnostics::SendPacket;

DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction::DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction() {
}

DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction::~DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction() {
}

bool DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction::Prepare() {
  parameters_ = SendPacket::Params::Create(*args_);
  EXTENSION_FUNCTION_VALIDATE(parameters_.get());
  return true;
}

bool DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction::Respond() {
  return error_.empty();
}

void DiagnosticsSendPacketFunction::OnCompleted(
    SendPacketResultCode result_code,
    const std::string& ip,
    double latency) {
  switch (result_code) {
    case SEND_PACKET_OK: {
      api::diagnostics::SendPacketResult result;
      result.ip = ip;
      result.latency = latency;
      results_ = SendPacket::Results::Create(result);
      break;
    }
    case SEND_PACKET_NOT_IMPLEMENTED:
      SetError(kErrorPingNotImplemented);
      break;
    case SEND_PACKET_FAILED:
      SetError(kErrorPingFailed);
      break;
  }
  AsyncWorkCompleted();
}

}  // namespace extensions

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


A train is a popular transportation option because you can find breathtaking views from the tracks. For accessibility and other information, visit the Amtrak website. Here you will find information on making reservations, station accessibility, traveling with a companion or attendant, wheeled mobility device services, use of oxygen equipment, service animals, meal services and accessible thruway bus service.
If you are planning to travel abroad, visit the VIA RailCanada site or this link for a list of participating countries and railways with Eurail. Services vary in Europe; you will need to check with individual countries regarding special train compartments for wheelchairs, lifts or mobile ramps to access trains, assistance boarding or accessible toilets.
Provides boarding and de-boarding assistance, luggage, transfers and stowage and retrieval of wheeled mobility devices during transfers, meal and rest stops and as needed. Contact the Disabilities Travel Assistance line at 800-752-4841 before travel with questions. When booking in a terminal, notify the ticket agent if you need assistance and if you will be traveling in a wheeled mobility device. When booking online, self-select as a passenger traveling ina wheeled mobiity device if appropriate. If booking over the phone, tell the customer services rep you are traveling with a wheeled mobility device. Arrive on time. Inform Greyhound employees and contractors of your needs during your trip. For other questions, see their Customers with Disabilities site.
8 part series from Large Print Reviews that provides tips on traveling if you are visually impaired. See the following for info about train and bus travel or click the link above for the full series.
A siren detector electronically detects the high decibel sound waves of an ambulance or fire truck for a driver with hearing loss or deafness. To find out where to get a siren detector or for other types of automobile modifications, contact NMEDA (National Mobility Equipment Dealers Association) at (800) 833-0427 to locate a dealer near you.


Downtime costs money, and we understand that dependable technical IT support is vital to the smooth running of your business. We work the way you work – contract your technical IT support to Lineal today and a dedicated engineer becomes part of your team, regularly supporting your team on-site and performing routine maintenance to PCs, Macs, servers and a range of other hardware.
We provide fast, friendly, and easy to understand help both over the phone and in-person. Remote support typically allows our experienced helpdesk to talk users through technical difficulties by phone or email, routinely update software, administer your office network and access a wider pool of experience in the event of technical issues, to get your business up and running again quickly.
Supporting a wide range of businesses across Devon and beyond, our engineers hold an exceptionally broad base of experience and expertise solving IT hardware, software, security and communications queries. Lineal are proud to be one of the South West's few certified Microsoft Gold Partners.
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Home » Glossary » What are Task Skills?
Task Skills refer to a combination of general abilities, knowledge, talents and expertise a person possesses to perform a typical task or job. They are common skills that are necessary to accomplish common jobs and tasks. Task skills are distinguished from more occupation-specific skills and competencies that are required for specialists to do their unique and specific jobs.
Just like any other kind of skills, task skills can be acquired and improved through learning and practice. Every employee is supposed to develop his/her skills that are required for doing assigned duties and jobs. As much time and expertise employees invest in skill development and practice, as much proficiency and experience they gain.
Task Planning – a composition of general skills and abilities to set goals, determine resources and schedule events related to certain tasks.
Time management – common skills that help employees schedule their tasks and working hours.
Problem solving – an ability to solve task-based issues and problems.
Practical skills – using tools, computers, software, equipment or/and technology in task management.
Negotiation – a set of skills to communicate with colleagues and seniors to discuss certain tasks and come to agreement.


text:
First Time In Seville?
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About Sandra Vallaure
I have been lucky enough to live in Seville, a beautiful city located in the South of Spain, for several years. My love for it led me to create Seville Traveller, an independent online travel guide with over 25,000 monthly readers and a popular Pocket Guide. Continue reading
Semana Santa In Seville: Pasos, Costaleros And Nazarenos
Semana Santa in Seville is probably the most famous Holy Week celebration in the world.
During seven days Seville transforms itself into an incredible art and music performance. Even though Semana Santa in inspired by Christian facts and religious beliefs, you shouldn't miss this amazing spectacle.
What Is Semana Santa?
Semana Santa in Spanish is the equivalent of the Holy Week. It's one of the most important events of the city along with the Feria de Abril.
For seven days, starting on Palm Sunday and ending up in Easter, Sunday morning, more that 50,000 people wear traditional robes to parade in one of the 60 procesiones that take place.
The origin of these festivities dates back from the 16th century when Sevillanos started to celebrate the passion and death of Christ. In order to confer solemnity to the event, religious brotherhoods (hermandades and cofradias) organized processions.
A procession is a religious parade with a designated route. Each procession has two or three pasos, one or two of them representing a scene of the Passion, and the other one an image of the Virgin Mary.
The Pasos
A paso resembles a huge, ornate table about 2 m (7 ft) high, with a velvet hem hiding both its legs and the costaleros from view. The pasos are made of wood, usually covered in precious metals, and are intricately worked and decorated.
This combination of Baroque style and decorations made with lots of flowers (sometimes the same, sometimes different species) and candles are spectacular. On top of it, the candles are only lit by night, transforming the paso into an illuminated scene absolutely impressive.
I would say that one of my favorite things of Semana Santa in Seville is looking at these animated masterpieces and admire their details.
As I said before, there are two kinds of pasos: El Cristo (Christ) and La Virgen (The Virgin).
The pasos dedicated to El Cristo, which depict scenes from the Passion, are usually floats covered in gold. You will notice different kinds and sizes depending on the number of figures on top of it (up to 13 in the case of La Cena, the last supper!).
Some brotherhoods have chosen to represent scenes before Christ's death. These pasos are called misterios (misteries). And they represent for example the entrance of Jesus to Jerusalem, the trial, the cross given to Jesus, the Judas' kiss, Jesus carrying the cross himself, and many more). Others have preferred a paso with Christ on the cross (called a crucificado).
The pasos dedicated to La Virgen are usually covered in silver, and they represent a very dramatic image of the Virgin Mary, generally in tears. This image is called a dolorosa (literally, in pain). In most of the pasos the Virgin Mary is alone although she can be accompanied by an apostle or holding her Son in her arms.
All the dolorosas are covered by an ornate canopy or baldachin (palio) attached to the structure. The palio is supported by six poles (varales) on each side.
The Costaleros
The costaleros are the most important members of the processions, and without them Semana Santa in Seville would never take place. They carry the paso supporting the beams upon their shoulders and necks. And they also lift, move and lower it. The costaleros consider a once in a lifetime honor carrying the paso as it's a sign of devotion and penance.
This is usually a task performed by men as the pasos often weigh over 2,000 kg (4,400 lbs) and it takes many months of practice before the big day. On average there are 40 costaleros per paso with each one supporting a weight of around 50 kg (110 lbs) for approximately 8 hours.
Because the costaleros are totally hidden and packed, the capataz (overseer), located on the outside, guides the team by voice, and/or through a ceremonial hammer – el llamador (caller) attached to the paso.
As a result, the costaleros try to move the paso according to the rhythm of the music, giving the observer the impression that the figures are literally walking. Each brotherhood has a distinctive way to raise and move a paso, depending on its traditions, style and philosophy.
The Nazarenos
The nazarenos are probably the most famous characters of Semana Santa in Seville. They precede the pasos and generally march in silence, sometimes barefoot. They are dressed in a habit, wear a cape and hide their face behind a pointed hood (capirote).
Colors, forms and details of the habit are distinctive for each brotherhood, and sometimes for different locations within the procession. For instance, the nazarenos accompanying the mister can wear a capirote of a different color than the one of the nazarenos accompanying the Virgin Mary.
Apart from that, they hold either long wax candles (cirios), a pole (vara), a standard or a lantern. Usually the nazarenos march in pairs, and are grouped behind an insignia.
If you are interested in this fascinating subject, you can keep reading about the procesiones and the brotherhoods.
And if you plan to spend your holidays enjoying Semana Santa in Seville, have a look at my tips and recommendations.
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text:
That's A Lot of Tobacco
That's A Lot of Tobacco
Regulators Settle Charges That Reynolds, Lorillard Merger Would Be Anticompetitive
A year after the No. 2 and No. 3 cigarette brands in the country first announced they were planning to go all-in on a $27.4 billion merger, regulators have approved an order settling charges that the deal would be anticompetitive for the U.S. cigarette market, paving the way for the merger to move forward. [More]
Reynolds, Lorillard Must Sell Salem, Kool, Maverick & Winston Brands To Gain Approval Of $27.4B Mega-Cigarette Merger
You may recall that last July the No. 2 and No. 3 cigarette brands in the country announced they were planning to go all in on a $27.4 billion merger. This week the two companies received the blessing from federal regulators, as long as they divest four cigarette brands to a UK-based company. [More]
Proposed $27.4B Marriage Between Camel And Newport Cigarette Makers Worries Health Advocates
A $27.4 billion merger between the No. 2 and No. 3 cigarette companies in the United States might might cut down the number of players on the tobacco industry playing field, but it's also cause for concern for health advocates. [More]


You probably think that advertising your small business online will be overly expensive and that only the big brands can afford it. You might even think that without experience, your results will be poor and you won't gain half as many customers as your competitors.
With 71% of consumers beginning their search for products and services by using Google, you can get your business in front of the people who are searching for what you sell.
So as long as you choose the correct advertising platform and stick to a few proven principles, you're guaranteed to see results.
There are many ways to advertise your business online, but to meet the above criteria most effectively, it's hard to beat Google Ads.
Google Ads is Google's own advertising platform – you'll have seen the ads at the top of the results page every time you search on Google.
It's a form of advertising called PPC (Pay Per Click) and just as the name suggests, you only pay when someone actually clicks on your ad and visits your website. You don't pay for the views or circulation of your ad as you would with traditional newspapers, which is why it's so cost-effective.
In other words, businesses can drive targeted visitors to their website for as little as a few pence, depending on the competitiveness of what they're selling.
Only the people who have searched using keywords related to your business actually see your ad. And, as these visitors are actively searching for your products or services, they're far more likely to convert into customers once they've clicked your advert.
Google Ads also allows you to quickly test your ads for effectiveness and adapt them on the fly to ensure you're making the most out of your budget.
This kind of data can't be determined through traditional offline adverts, as it's impossible to quantify the number of people reading your adverts compared to the number of people responding.
As a result, businesses advertising offline are often left wondering why their adverts aren't producing many leads, but lack the insight to be able to do anything about it.
Traditional offline ads are therefore nowhere near as targeted, testable or cost-effective as Google Ads.
Google Ads is considered one of the most powerful ways to drive leads and customers to your business. However, it can have quite a steep learning curve and can take some getting used to before you start to see real results.
Since the ads are short, you'll need to experiment with the copy until you find something that works for you.
You can drive targeted customers to your business for as little as a few pence.
Using Google Ads, you only pay when someone clicks your ad.
You're able to test your ads for effectiveness and make the most out of your budget.
If you're still not sure whether it's right for your business, there are online advertising platforms that will do everything for you so you don't need to write a single word for your ad campaigns. This means you're able to grow your business and acquire new leads and customers without having to put in all of the hard work.
If this sounds like the ideal solution for you, Adzooma offers a done-for-you online advertising service you can utilise to attract new customers. Click here to find out how they can help grow your business.
Make $275 in 24 Hours by Robert Kiyosaki [Warning: This is no a get rich quick program] Christmas Special.


There are a variety of reasons you may discover on your own wishing to dismantle your apple iphone. One factor can be if you are most likely to be acquiring a brand-new cellular phone and also intend to market your old apple iphone for components to make a little additional cash money to balance out the rate of your brand-new gadget. An additional factor can be that of your phone's elements is damaged as well as you intend to repair it. Even if there is a trouble with your apple iphone, it does not always suggest that it is time for you to purchase a brand-new one. These tools can be rather costly, as well as it might be feasible for you to deal with the issue. Or, also if the damaged component is irreparable, you might have the ability to change simply that component without needing to buy a whole brand-new phone.
If, for whatever factor, you have an interest in discovering just how to dismantle your apple iphone, have a look at the adhering to actions to assist obtain you began.
The initial point that you will certainly require to do is to eliminate your phone's iFixYouri Smart Device Repair. Your phone most likely featured a device that is created particularly for doing this. If you do not have the device, however, you can make use of a paper clip.
Next off, try to find 2 little apple iphone screws that lie on the side of your phone's dock. You will certainly require getting these screws to open up the instance.
Currently, you will certainly require dividing the back panel from the display. To do this, situate the chrome ring as well as slide a device in between it and also the glass front panel over the opening from among the apple iphone screws. Be mild when putting in stress so as not to damage the glass.
Without damaging any one of the bows, currently raise the panel far from the dock end of your phone.


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GameStop: $90 Xenoblade Is 'Based On Current Market Value'
Why is GameStop charging $90 for Xenoblade? Because that's in line with the marketplace, they say.
Yesterday, we reported that GameStop had restocked copies of the critically-acclaimed Wii RPG and was selling them pre-owned for $90 a pop. We reached out to GameStop for comment, and they got back to us this afternoon with the following statement:
Extreme GameStop Pricing Leaves Some Fans Calling Scam
GameStop is charging a whopping $90 for used copies of a Wii game—and it's leading some fans to…
GameStop regularly receives feedback from our PowerUp members regarding old titles they would us like to bring back, such as vintage games like Xenoblade Chronicles. We were recently able to source a limited number of copies of this title to carry in our stores and online.
In fact, we have sourced several more vintage titles that we will be hitting stores in the coming months, including Metroid Prime Trilogy.
As always, our pricing for these games is competitive and is based on current market value driven by supply and demand. PowerUp Pro members always receive a 10% discount and earn PUR points on pre-owned purchases.
They're right: $90 is around the market value for Xenoblade, which can be found on eBay for much higher. But GameStop is the only retailer that can sell Xenoblade—their publishing deal with Nintendo ensured that. So the supply is driven by them. Make of that what you will.
Nintendo has declined to comment on this story.
Image via WallsOnline.org


Integrating product design and supply chain management is a challenging process, but can reap rewards, reducing risks and boosting profitability.
That's according to Omera Khan, professor of supply chain management at Royal Holloway, University of London, who has been on a long and determined quest to promote greater alignment of these functions.
Professor Khan first identified the problem when working with large companies almost 20 years ago. At the time, the professor says, many organisations disapproved of integration because they were stuck in a silo mentality, with little communication between departments. Undeterred, she continued researching the concept and has now written a book – "Product Design and the Supply Chain: Competing Through Design" – which marks the culmination of nearly two decades of work in the area.
Over the years, some companies have begun to recognise these issues as they look to address the increased complexity of their supply chains caused by globalisation and the rise of e‐commerce. However, too many still use a blinkered approach to design: this has led to products that are attractive to customers, but risky and costly to supply, eroding profitability, says Professor Khan.
One pioneer is aircraft manufacturer Boeing, which saw the problems of a linear product development approach – starting with designers, before passing to marketing, engineers, suppliers, then manufacturers – as early as the late 1980s. By transforming to a concurrent, cross‐functional process for versions of its 777 range, it has avoided many of the supply chain issues common to linear methods, such as ill‐fitting parts and delivery delays. This has contributed to the 777's reputation as one of the most successful aircraft ever made.
Another example is fashion retailer Zara. The company employs a process called constrained design, in which designers only use fabrics the company has already committed to buying. The result is a significant reduction in supply chain risk and the ability to deliver on‐trend products to its stores across the world just 15 days after design.
Maureen O'Shea, associate partner at professional services firm EY, agrees that design processes are becoming more integrated, taking issues such as sustainability, supply chain risk, and manufacturability into account.
Recent research by management consultancy Bain & Company has added some much‐needed empirical support, showing that a cross‐functional design process cuts costs by 38 per cent compared to a single‐function process. It achieves this by controlling a larger share of the costs of supply, says the consultant.
Another important way to reduce supply chain risk through design is so‐called modularity, says Peter Guarraia, partner at Bain & Company. For example, using undyed fabrics that can be dyed at the last stage in production – another technique used by Zara – adds flexibility to respond to fashion trends quickly, while cutting supply chain complexity.
But does integration create a more resilient supply chain, or can it risk a weak compromise? Mr Guarraia warns of a danger of designing out distinctiveness – you still need a design that wows the customers and differentiates the product, he says.
Professor Khan says some companies have failed in their integration attempts. However, this is mainly because they did not integrate enough, rather than any fundamental flaw in the concept. Integration often involves a major cultural and organisational transformation, which creates significant challenges and can add costs initially. But it is worth it to reduce risk and increase supply chain flexibility in the long term, she says.
Companies are grappling with these challenges right now and momentum towards integration is building, adds Professor Khan. Given the transformations required to compete in an increasingly uncertain world, it is a crucial and timely trend.


I know I have not been posting very much lately. I hope to make it up this week with a few sketches and a couple of new bags. But before that, here are a few images from our August trip to Portland Maine.
We stayed in this great BandB in Portland within walking distance of the downtown core. It is actually called the Inn on Carleton, but the address is right! I guess I was rushing to get the sketch done.
Below is the Court House in Montpelier VT. I love this city because of its architecture and its friendly vibe. It is a place I know well from attending Green Mountain Rug School. We stayed here coming home from Portland and had the best meal of the trip at a 'farm to table' called Kismet. It was across from the Court House and I had time to explore the tower again in a continuous line sketch as we were waiting for our meal.
Views below from the ferry rides out of Portland. We don't count a trip complete unless we get out on the water, and this trip we managed it three times. Islands and ferries are a way of life in Portland and we loved being part of that.
And finally, we made the trek to L.L. Bean. My canoe-building partner was enthralled by the canoes hanging about, especially this one, a Canadian cedar-rib canoe.


text:
Why Don't We Find More Melonhead Remains?
I have a theory about this, you may find it interesting.
If we excavated a barnyard a thousand years after it was buried in silt and we knew nothing about the planet, say we were archaeologists from the far flung future, we might make quite a few mistakes about the organization of the place.
Our future fossil diggers might conclude that the farm was run by cows, chickens, dogs and pigs. After all, we would find their skeletons there.
We wouldn't find the farmer's skeleton, however. We might not know that is because when the humans who ran the barnyard died, they were conveyed away to be buried in a special place far away from the barnyard. The animals were buried there because they were beasts of burden but the farmer is regarded as special. He gets a special ceremony, a special suit of clothing, he is buried as part of a complex ritual to put him in his final resting place. Nobody buries the farmer on the other side of the fence as the animals are buried. The farmer is special.
I have a theory that when melonheads died throughout the ancient past, they were conveyed away from whatever place they perished in and buried in tombs specially constructed for them. Sometimes we find these places but they are very, very rare to discover compared to the far more common remains of their slaves.
Perhaps there are tombs beneath the ice in Antarctica that stretch for miles underground where the melonheads were buried, when this region was a tropical paradise that housed the melonhead capital. Maybe they are now submerged on the ocean floor miles down.
I think when a melonhead died, it was considered a "human" and due special respect and treatment as well as an elite resting place. Slaves and various worker species were not regarded as deserving of much beyond an expedient burial and therefore are far more common - we find them used in the dedication of tombs and monoliths, often buried alive simply as a token gesture to commemorate completion. I think the melonhead command structure was obsessed with seeing to it that no melonhead was ever buried alongside these primitive creatures and they went to great lengths to always spirit the body away to these special "other" places.
Hey look, melonheads! They are still around!
http://trialx.com/curetalk/wp-content/blogs.dir/7/files/2011/05/diseases/Hydrocephalus-3.jpg
https://msmayshealth.wikispaces.com/file/view/hydrocephaly/56277908/hydrocephaly
http://returnofthespacegods.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/hydrocephalus_condition.jpg
http://returnofthespacegods.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/cranial.jpg
http://www.bsmarkham.com/mission/Africa/Jul%2005/liz/hc%203.jpg
The skull of a Melon Head goes back very far. The skull of the Neanderathal goes back not as far, but much farther than a Homo Sapiens. Could the Melon Heads have been a very advanced gracile form of Neanderthal?
Interesting skeleton, for sure. For those who talk about brain size, it's really brain-to-body mass ratio that's the important factor in determining relative intelligence of a species.
It's why crows, for example, are highly intelligent, even relative to cats and dogs despite having a significantly smaller brain.
So this skeleton shows a creature with a huge brain capacity and a very small body--absolutely ideal for peak intelligence of a species; definitely seems to be the result of delibrate genetic engineering. They say it's a child, but for all we know it's a full-grown adult.
The hole at the top of the head reminds me of the parietal eye which many species possess (particularly lizards...are these the "serpent" people the bible talks about?)
And the over-sized eyes are definitely indicitive of a nocturnal species: a star-gazer. Makes sense if these are the people responsible for the Mayan calendar.
Someone need to test the DNA of the skulls in Peru and Egypt to see what these large skulls are. The results would be interesting.
I live near a large Indian mound. They did some limited excavation on it and only found basic Indian artifacts. I believe they've had to stop due to laws against disturbing Indian artifacts.I wonder if there is more deeper within it. When Hernando de Soto met the Indian chief of this area he was reputed to be very tall. Some say 7 or 8 feet.
http://www.amazon.com/Enigma-Cranial-Deformation-Elongated-Ancients/dp/1935487760/ref=pd_rhf_cr_shvl33
Its a very interesting theory tex and thanks for elaborating.
As for "hydrocephalus" do you people even read the links or just make it up as you go along? Look at the things tex has linked to. These are not hydrocephalus babies.
Especially fascinating is how much people tried to make their children look like melonheads with artificial deformation. Like trying to get your kid into college, appears the melonheaded were the very upper class.
Codexian identified. Target engaged. Tranny neutralized.
You have your own board full of "people" just like you. I cannot understand why you would come here - unless you cannot stand being around a majority of people who are like you. I bet you will get tired of posting to threads before I get tired of deleting your posts.
Good luck and shove off.
Ghostwriter said...
Good post and interesting / good theory. Thats what it seems to be. I always tought that if some future archeologists found for example the Empire state building and some dog skeletons innit (sic) they would conclude that, shurely these beings created this building and all others like it. Dogs live around such places but didnt build them.
Excellent theory. This site always gives you something to think about in a new way. A half million hits soon Tex.
Hydrocephalus cases rarely survive infancy into childhood.
Many melonhead skulls are mature skulls.
Look also at the diferences in cranial suture lines.
Some "alleged" melonhead skuulls have been deformed by binding. But when you look at the size and shape it is clear that you have to have a lot of cranial bone and innards to be able to sculpt such a conehead with binding.
More likely the few specimens "selected" for binding were done as an homage to earlier genuine "ruling class" melonheads.
Food for thought. There's certainly more to this than the mainstream dogma. Right or wrong, your ideas are connecting more dots than the "experts".
I pity the idiots who bother to post here because they cannot even stand to put forward a theory. I find this running thread of the origins of mankind to be one of the most interesting things on the world web. You should write a book cleve.
Tex,
Thank you for discussing the ancient "melonhead" skeletons when so few people will discuss these and related artifacts.
My son and I have lots of recessive and uncommon traits. Some of these traits include short, gracile bodies that hide an incredible strength (at 2, my son can do handstands and I've deadlifted heavy equipment out of river mud), large skulls (my son is in the 3rd percentile for height and body weight, but in the 90th percentile for skull circumference without any cranial pathologies), and high intelligence. As far as I can discover, no one else in my family is like this.
In social settings, I actively simulate how a person should normally behave and have to actively restrain myself from training / manipulating the other people around me. We've had to warn and coach my son's nannies that he will try to train and manipulate them.
My whole life, I've known that I was different. My father has asked me if I am a space alien. My wife likes to joke that I have a cold, black heart. Now, I think I am beginning to understand how and why I am different.
And, I know that I am not just suffering from a "special snowflake" syndrome. This past summer, I had an MRI of my brain and it is not average. All of my cerebral lobes are larger than normal and include some atypical anatomical structures.
So, I just want to say, please continue posting your melonhead research. I am not part of some ancient melonhead tribe that has secret knowledge, but am a genetic throw-back trying to discover who I am.
P.S. Does any one have actual numbers on what King Tut's cranial capacity is? It is not in the first 15 pages of Google results, I have not been able to find it in the published literature about Tut's CT scan, and Dr. Hawass has not answered my email inquiry.
The ancient Aegean civilization, whose main repository was the Minoan civilization in Crete - the first advanced one in Europe, was predominantly the product of people with dolichocephalic (elongated) skulls. Some every interesting facts:
- The period marked with the rise of the Minoan culture and its continuous progression from Early Minoan to Middle Minoan is dominated by the long-heads.
- The revolution which brought an end to the Minoan civilization was preceded by a deterioration in the number of the long-heads from two-thirds to only one-eight of the population and a corresponding increase of short-heads and medium-heads.
- This marks the arrival of the Hellenes (who were Indo-Europeans). The great majority of the male old-inhabitants are massacred while the women are shared among the conquerors to found a race of half-breeds. Twenty one skulls dug up in the burial place of Kalkani show the men belonging to the Indo-European race and the women to the Aegean.
-The dolichocephalic type of the Minoan age persisted only in isolated heights in the western extremity of the island of Crete, most notably in a region called Sfakia whose geographical characteristics make it an impenetrable fortress. To this day, unlike the rest of the Greeks, the people of Sfakia are steadfast and unyielding, have a strong sense of family and tribal ties, they are suspicious and even hostile to strangers, and they are probably the only people in Greece (except perhaps for the very similar racial stock of Mani near ancient Sparta) to have a strongly-rooted gun culture and love for firearms.
http://books.google.com/books?id=5FcVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA57&dq=the+aegean+civilization&hl=el&source=gbs_toc_r&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=the%20aegean%20civilization&f=false
Then there is the case of Pierre Honore, the archaeologist claimed by mainstream science/media to be popular among "White Supremacists", who in his book "In Search of Quetzalcoatl" (original pro-peecee title was "In Quest of the White God") suggested that the White "Gods" of pre-Columbian America wrote Cretan script and that the South American cultures are connected to expeditions from Crete. In the light of your recent links and comments about sea traveling in the oceans being millenia old and on the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the American continent this becomes even more probable.
Anon 6:51 AM
I believe the traits you are describing would be an exact match for a descendant of the melonheaded. I would expect all of these traits to be present in someone of this background.
I imagine they would be master social engineers, able to think circles around anyone they speak to and get them to do nearly anything merely through suggestion. It is likely their intellects would permit them to see through those around them like they were made of glass and predict in advance exactly what to say to them to manipulate them into obediency. You see it today in the cunning, diabolical propaganda on television in the media, seemingly transcendental in it's capacity to make people think they had ideas of their own volition.
This is why I think Neanderthals were not melonheads. The average Neanderthal was almost the polar opposite of a social engineer. They were highly intelligent, incredible problem solvers and extremely honest in addition to being xenophobic and inward looking. If you put them in charge of a group of slaves there would be an insurrection in about ten minutes.
I can however see them being sourced as royal guards and shock troops, as the "Nephilim." It doesn't take much social acumen to scream "Silence while the Pharoah is speaking!" or "Do as you have been told!" The Melonheads might prize them for their excellent ability to follow orders and otherwise not fraternize with the slaves because of this aloofness from anyone but their own kind. If you were a melonhead, you'd probably want extremely strong bodyguards who were social clods so they would be incapable of conspiring against you behind your back with the slaves or perhaps even other melonheads.
Maybe neanderthals are the wild descendants of those enforcer slaves and not the noble savages you imagine, Cleve, but you seem to dislike hypotheses that injure your pride.
I think because the Neanderthals go back at least 600,000 years now and are always found in this xenophobic, defensive posture that they predate the Nephilim by at least a couple 100,000 years.
I may be wrong but for this reason I generally formulated this notion that the Neanderthals were oddballs that the Melonheads tried to incorporate into their hierarchies for a long time, including developing the "Nephilim," possibly mixing them with other breeds to make them a bit more manageable. I could be in error but I have developed this general sense that the melonheads tolerated "those people" because they felt for some time that their genes might be useful to them at some point.
Then, judging from the Epic of Gilgamesh (itself a corruption of a much older legend, obviously) the Enkidu did something that really pissed the wrong people off and for the first time in history, the melonheads decided they were fed up with the strange rodeo clowns living in their caves and scheduled them all for extermination.
It's interesting that you think mythology is about real things but I think it probably has a lot more to do with the collective unconscious like we talked about in the other thread.
I think there's definitely a hint of historical truth in these stories and almost every mythology on earth has stories about heroes killing a serpent or a god/demigod with serpent-like qualities and the melonheads, as we've seen, are associated with the symbol of the serpent. Judging by Tex's descriptions about their character, there's good reason why in the Bible the serpent is linked with evil.
Like Darth Vader, a clear reference to these Neanderthal/Nephilim, acting as an enforcer of melonhead Palpatine who seeing his potential first manipulates him, while the turning of Vader into a half machine alludes to this technique of mixing and genetic modification used by the melonheads.
http://beginningandend.com/xmen-class-pushing-evolution-power-gods/
Koanic said...
So it's just a random crapshoot of recessive gene expression. Makes sense.
In my case I got a double buckshot of neanderthal genes. Tex's description is me to a T.
What I find interesting is the possibility that certain koanic techniques can duplicate the melonhead capacity for manipulation.
The spartans had a rule: never war too long against one enemy. Only the enkidu had enough raw intelligence to use social engineering against the melonheads. Maybe lengthy exposure taught them to do so. It would be only natural for them to rebel; their natures are fundamentally contrary.
And that would be the one thing the melonheads absolutely could not tolerate.
There isn't a single scrap of mythology you can think of that I can't trace as a game of Chinese Whispers back to it's source. This oral history is worth much, much more than your society has trained you to believe. I know what the liberal mind is conditioned to think and believe me, it is very wrong.
Notice how the story of Jacob and Esau turned out to be the most accurate account of Sapiens and Neanderthal that could possibly be transmitted via oral knowledge. Science was claiming we had no Neanderthal ancestry until very recently, another fail.
Which is what you'd expect if your narrative was accessing the same archetypes as these myths, Cleve, but that doesn't mean either of the things actually happened.
OK then here's my challenge to you Tex:
Turn on that big associative brain of yours and figure out how the melonheads went extinct.
Melonheads kill neanderthals, ? kills melonheads.
The melonheads did not predict the bottleneck at 80,000 years ago when there were less than 2000-6000 human beings remaining on the planet. Right around the time Toba erupted and blacked out the planet for at least 20 years.
There must have been a couple of these, a couple of those, surviving purely on their preps while they waited for the ecosystem to recover. All of them very bright people. Their descendants repopulated the planet.
Then accounts were settled between Sapiens and Neanderthals 38,000 years ago by which time Sapiens outnumbered him ten thousand to one. Was Sapiens acting on the final standing order from his master when the master himself had nearly gone extinct before the Neanderthal?
Ah right. So the extinction event brought the melonheads below replacement density and devastated their great centralized empire(s). Plus maybe the hybrid sapiens were less amenable to total melonhead domination.
Thoughts on melonhead disappearance from "Anon 6:51 AM", above, ...
I suspect that melonheads had low fertility rates for two reasons. First, it is hard to get big heads out of human wombs. Second, rearing a melonhead child would have been very involved because of the demands of that child's natural intelligence.
After Toba, the melonhead survivors would probably have been working night and day to rebuild whatever grand society they had previously. And, I imagine that it wasn't uncommon for descendants of the melonhead survivors to just say "screw it". I wonder if the stories of fallen angels come from melonheads defecting.
So, if you have low numbers, low fertility, and deserters, then your race will shortly pass into legend no matter how smart and capable you are individually.
Tex do you believe that the melonheads were practicing eugenics, killing at birth those they considered subhuman?
It seems that many of the ancient myths point to this fact. The identical myths of Isis and Demeter speak of the them acting as nurses to royal infants. In both cases during the night they used to place the babies in the fire in order to "burn the mortal parts" and make them immortal (ie worthy to be allowed to live):
http://mythsoftheworld.blogspot.com/2011/07/isis-and-demeter.html
The ancient texts point that it was the mother that was responsible to get rid of the unwanted infant and I believe the story of baby Moses being let to flow on the river inside a basket speaks of a mother risking the her death in order to save her baby.
In the Epic of Gilgamesh we read:
"Without the Great Mountain, Enlil, Nintud would not kill, she would not strike dead; no cow would drop its calf in the cattle-pen"
http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section4/tr4051.htm
There were customs worldwide, from the pacific Islands to Ancient Rome, where a common "cleansing" ceremony was taking place, in different variations, where either a real human, a "scapegoat", or an effigy would be put on a vessel and left to be carried away in sea or river by the wind. The transition from using real human scapegoats towards using effigies depended at what period of time each particular culture became civilized enough as to not use real people. Therefore in Ancient Rome for instance they were already using effigies while in Africa humans were used up to the 19th century.
All this leads me to believe that the "Judgement" mentioned in ancient Egyptian texts has nothing to do with the afterlife but with the Judgement made by the "gods" on who would be allowed to live. So the Ancient Egyptian "afterlife" isn't life after death really, but the life granted after the judgement by the melons. I believe these practices date back at least 50.000 years.
The Golden or Saturnian Age seems to point out however that there was a time when humans were free of "Judges", if we are to believe Ovid:
"There was no man would crouch or creepe to Judge with cap in hand,
They lived safe without a Judge, in everie Realme and lande."
http://www.chlt.org/sandbox/perseus/ovid.golding.met_eng/page.2.a.php?size=240x320
PS. I also happen to believe that the melonheads' remnants are about to re-establish this rule on the earth.
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