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Prolyl hydroxylase 3 (PHD3) is essential for hypoxic regulation of neutrophilic inflammation in humans and mice
Sarah R. Walmsley, … , Peter Carmeliet, Moira K.B. Whyte
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI43273.
The regulation of neutrophil lifespan by induction of apoptosis is critical for maintaining an effective host response and preventing excessive inflammation. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) oxygen-sensing pathway has a major effect on the susceptibility of neutrophils to apoptosis, with a marked delay in cell death observed under hypoxic conditions. HIF expression and transcriptional activity are regulated by the oxygen-sensitive prolyl hydroxylases (PHD1–3), but the role of PHDs in neutrophil survival is unclear. We examined PHD expression in human neutrophils and found that PHD3 was strongly induced in response to hypoxia and inflammatory stimuli in vitro and in vivo. Using neutrophils from mice deficient in Phd3, we demonstrated a unique role for Phd3 in prolonging neutrophil survival during hypoxia, distinct from other hypoxia-associated changes in neutrophil function and metabolic activity. Moreover, this selective defect in neutrophil survival occurred in the presence of preserved HIF transcriptional activity but was associated with upregulation of the proapoptotic mediator Siva1 and loss of its binding target Bcl-xL. In vivo, using an acute lung injury model, we observed increased levels of neutrophil apoptosis and clearance in Phd3-deficient mice compared with WT controls. We also observed reduced neutrophilic inflammation in an acute mouse model of colitis. These data support what we believe to be a novel function for PHD3 in regulating neutrophil survival in hypoxia and may enable the development of new therapeutics for inflammatory disease.
Sarah R. Walmsley, Edwin R. Chilvers, Alfred A. Thompson, Kathryn Vaughan, Helen M. Marriott, Lisa C. Parker, Gary Shaw, Selina Parmar, Martin Schneider, Ian Sabroe, David H. Dockrell, Marta Milo, Cormac T. Taylor, Randall S. Johnson, Christopher W. Pugh, Peter J. Ratcliffe, Patrick H. Maxwell, Peter Carmeliet, Moira K.B. Whyte
An unrestrained proinflammatory M1 macrophage population induced by iron impairs wound healing in humans and mice
Anca Sindrilaru, … , Cord Sunderkötter, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
Uncontrolled macrophage activation is now considered to be a critical event in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and chronic venous leg ulcers. However, it is still unclear which environmental cues induce persistent activation of macrophages in vivo and how macrophage-derived effector molecules maintain chronic inflammation and affect resident fibroblasts essential for tissue homeostasis and repair. We used a complementary approach studying human subjects with chronic venous leg ulcers, a model disease for macrophage-driven chronic inflammation, while establishing a mouse model closely reflecting its pathogenesis. Here, we have shown that iron overloading of macrophages — as was found to occur in human chronic venous leg ulcers and the mouse model — induced a macrophage population in situ with an unrestrained proinflammatory M1 activation state. Via enhanced TNF-α and hydroxyl radical release, this macrophage population perpetuated inflammation and induced a p16INK4a-dependent senescence program in resident fibroblasts, eventually leading to impaired wound healing. This study provides insight into the role of what we believe to be a previously undescribed iron-induced macrophage population in vivo. Targeting this population may hold promise for the development of novel therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic venous leg ulcers.
Anca Sindrilaru, Thorsten Peters, Stefan Wieschalka, Corina Baican, Adrian Baican, Henriette Peter, Adelheid Hainzl, Susanne Schatz, Yu Qi, Andrea Schlecht, Johannes M. Weiss, Meinhard Wlaschek, Cord Sunderkötter, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
Leukotriene B4 amplifies NF-κB activation in mouse macrophages by reducing SOCS1 inhibition of MyD88 expression
Carlos H. Serezani, … , Sonia Jancar, Marc Peters-Golden
Activation of NF-κB and 5-lipoxygenase–mediated (5-LO–mediated) biosynthesis of the lipid mediator leukotriene B4 (LTB4) are pivotal components of host defense and inflammatory responses. However, the role of LTB4 in mediating innate immune responses elicited by specific TLR ligands and cytokines is unknown. Here we have shown that responses dependent on MyD88 (an adaptor protein that mediates signaling through all of the known TLRs, except TLR3, as well as IL-1β and IL-18) are reduced in mice lacking either 5-LO or the LTB4 receptor BTL1, and that macrophages from these mice are impaired in MyD88-dependent activation of NF-κB. This macrophage defect was associated with lower basal and inducible expression of MyD88 and reflected impaired activation of STAT1 and overexpression of the STAT1 inhibitor SOCS1. Expression of MyD88 and responsiveness to the TLR4 ligand LPS were decreased by Stat1 siRNA silencing in WT macrophages and restored by Socs1 siRNA in 5-LO–deficient macrophages. These results uncover a pivotal role in macrophages for the GPCR BLT1 in regulating activation of NF-κB through Stat1-dependent expression of MyD88.
Carlos H. Serezani, Casey Lewis, Sonia Jancar, Marc Peters-Golden
Bcl3 prevents acute inflammatory lung injury in mice by restraining emergency granulopoiesis
Daniel Kreisel, … , Ruaidhri J. Carmody, Andrew E. Gelman
Granulocytes are pivotal regulators of tissue injury. However, the transcriptional mechanisms that regulate granulopoiesis under inflammatory conditions are poorly understood. Here we show that the transcriptional coregulator B cell leukemia/lymphoma 3 (Bcl3) limits granulopoiesis under emergency (i.e., inflammatory) conditions, but not homeostatic conditions. Treatment of mouse myeloid progenitors with G-CSF — serum concentrations of which rise under inflammatory conditions — rapidly increased Bcl3 transcript accumulation in a STAT3-dependent manner. Bcl3-deficient myeloid progenitors demonstrated an enhanced capacity to proliferate and differentiate into granulocytes following G-CSF stimulation, whereas the accumulation of Bcl3 protein attenuated granulopoiesis in an NF-κB p50–dependent manner. In a clinically relevant model of transplant-mediated lung ischemia reperfusion injury, expression of Bcl3 in recipients inhibited emergency granulopoiesis and limited acute graft damage. These data demonstrate a critical role for Bcl3 in regulating emergency granulopoiesis and suggest that targeting the differentiation of myeloid progenitors may be a therapeutic strategy for preventing inflammatory lung injury.
Daniel Kreisel, Seiichiro Sugimoto, Jeremy Tietjens, Jihong Zhu, Sumiharu Yamamoto, Alexander S. Krupnick, Ruaidhri J. Carmody, Andrew E. Gelman
Mammalian target of rapamycin activation underlies HSC defects in autoimmune disease and inflammation in mice
Chong Chen, … , Yang Liu, Pan Zheng
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2010;120(12):4583-4583. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI43873C1.
View: Text | PDF | Amended Article
Chong Chen, Yu Liu, Yang Liu, Pan Zheng
Genetic and therapeutic targeting of properdin in mice prevents complement-mediated tissue injury
Yuko Kimura, … , Takashi Miwa, Wen-Chao Song
The alternative pathway (AP) of complement activation is constitutively active and must be regulated by host proteins to prevent autologous tissue injury. Dysfunction of AP regulatory proteins has been linked to several human inflammatory disorders. Properdin is a positive regulator of AP complement activation that has been shown to extend the half-life of cell surface–bound C3 convertase C3bBb; it may also initiate AP complement activation. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for properdin in autologous tissue injury mediated by AP complement activation. We identified myeloid lineage cells as the principal source of plasma properdin by generating mice with global and tissue-specific knockout of Cfp (which encodes properdin) and by generating BM chimeric mice. Properdin deficiency rescued mice from AP complement–mediated embryonic lethality caused by deficiency of the membrane complement regulator Crry and markedly reduced disease severity in the K/BxN model of arthritis. Ab neutralization of properdin in WT mice similarly ameliorated arthritis development, whereas reconstitution of properdin-null mice with exogenous properdin restored arthritis sensitivity. These data implicate systemic properdin as a key contributor to AP complement–mediated injury and support its therapeutic targeting in complement-dependent human diseases.
Yuko Kimura, Lin Zhou, Takashi Miwa, Wen-Chao Song
Hepcidin mediates transcriptional changes that modulate acute cytokine-induced inflammatory responses in mice
Ivana De Domenico, … , Diane M. Ward, Jerry Kaplan
View: Text | PDF | Corrigendum
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone that regulates iron homeostasis and acts as an antimicrobial peptide. It is expressed and secreted by a variety of cell types in response to iron loading and inflammation. Hepcidin mediates iron homeostasis by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation via activation of the protein kinase Jak2 and the subsequent phosphorylation of ferroportin. Here we have shown that hepcidin-activated Jak2 also phosphorylates the transcription factor Stat3, resulting in a transcriptional response. Hepcidin treatment of ferroportin-expressing mouse macrophages showed changes in mRNA expression levels of a wide variety of genes. The changes in transcript levels for half of these genes were a direct effect of hepcidin, as shown by cycloheximide insensitivity, and dependent on the presence of Stat3. Hepcidin-mediated transcriptional changes modulated LPS-induced transcription in both cultured macrophages and in vivo mouse models, as demonstrated by suppression of IL-6 and TNF-α transcript and secreted protein. Hepcidin-mediated transcription in mice also suppressed toxicity and morbidity due to single doses of LPS, poly(I:C), and turpentine, which is used to model chronic inflammatory disease. Most notably, we demonstrated that hepcidin pretreatment protected mice from a lethal dose of LPS and that hepcidin-knockout mice could be rescued from LPS toxicity by injection of hepcidin. The results of our study suggest a new function for hepcidin in modulating acute inflammatory responses.
Ivana De Domenico, Tian Y. Zhang, Curry L. Koening, Ryan W. Branch, Nyall London, Eric Lo, Raymond A. Daynes, James P. Kushner, Dean Li, Diane M. Ward, Jerry Kaplan
CCR2 mediates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell trafficking to sites of inflammation in mice
Yue Si, … , Kelsey Croft, Israel F. Charo
HSCs are BM-derived, self-renewing multipotent cells that develop into circulating blood cells. They have been implicated in the repair of inflamed parenchymal tissue, but the signals that regulate their trafficking to sites of inflammation are unknown. As monocytes are recruited to sites of inflammation via chemoattractants that activate CCR2 on their surface, we investigated whether HSCs are also recruited to sites of inflammation through CCR2. Initial analysis indicated that in mice, CCR2 was expressed on subsets of HSCs and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and that freshly isolated primitive hematopoietic cells (Lin–c-Kit+ cells) responded to CCR2 ligands in vitro. In vivo analysis indicated that after instillation of thioglycollate to cause aseptic inflammation and after administration of acetaminophen to induce liver damage, endogenous HSCs/HPCs were actively recruited to the peritoneum and liver, respectively, in WT but not Ccr2–/– mice. HSCs/HPCs recovered from the peritoneum successfully engrafted into the BM of irradiated primary and secondary recipients, confirming their self renewal and multipotency. Importantly, administration of exogenous WT, but not Ccr2–/–, HSCs/HPCs accelerated resolution of acetaminophen-induced liver damage and triggered the expression of genes characteristic of the macrophage M2 or repair phenotype. These findings reveal what we believe to be a novel role for CCR2 in the homing of HSCs/HPCs to sites of inflammation and suggest new functions for chemokines in promoting tissue repair and regeneration.
Yue Si, Chia-Lin Tsou, Kelsey Croft, Israel F. Charo
The Down syndrome critical region gene 1 short variant promoters direct vascular bed–specific gene expression during inflammation in mice
Takashi Minami, … , William C. Aird, Tatsuhiko Kodama
Down syndrome critical region gene 1 (DSCR-1) short variant (DSCR-1s) is an inhibitor of calcineurin/NFAT signaling encoded by exons 4–7 of DSCR1. We previously reported that VEGF induces DSCR-1s expression in endothelial cells, which in turn negatively feeds back to attenuate endothelial cell activation. Here, in order to characterize the role of the promoter that drives DSCR-1s expression in mediating inducible expression in vivo and to determine the functional relevance of DSCR-1s in inflammation, we targeted a DNA construct containing 1.7 kb of the human DSCR1s promoter coupled to the lacZ reporter to the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) locus of mice. We determined that lacZ was uniformly expressed in the endothelium of transgenic embryos but was markedly downregulated postnatally. Systemic administration of VEGF or LPS in adult mice resulted in cyclosporine A–sensitive reactivation of the DSCR1s promoter and endogenous gene expression in a subset of organs, including the heart and brain. The DSCR1s promoter was similarly induced in the endothelium of tumor xenografts. In a mouse model of endotoxemia, DSCR-1s–deficient mice demonstrated increased sepsis mortality, whereas adenovirus-mediated DSCR-1s overexpression protected against LPS-induced lethality. Collectively, these data suggest that the DSCR1s promoter directs vascular bed–specific expression in activated endothelium and that DSCR-1s serves to dampen the host response to infection.
Takashi Minami, Kiichiro Yano, Mai Miura, Mika Kobayashi, Jun-ichi Suehiro, Patrick C. Reid, Takao Hamakubo, Sandra Ryeom, William C. Aird, Tatsuhiko Kodama
PMNs facilitate translocation of platelets across human and mouse epithelium and together alter fluid homeostasis via epithelial cell–expressed ecto-NTPDases
Thomas Weissmüller, … , Glenn T. Furuta, Sean P. Colgan
Mucosal diseases are often characterized by an inflammatory infiltrate that includes polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), monocytes, lymphocytes, and platelets. A number of studies have suggested that the interaction of platelets with leukocytes has an essential proinflammatory role. Here, we examined whether platelets migrate across mucosal epithelium, as PMNs are known to do, and whether platelets influence epithelial cell function. Initial studies revealed that human platelets did not efficiently transmigrate across human epithelial cell monolayers. However, in the presence of human PMNs, platelet movement across the epithelium was proportional to the extent of PMN transmigration, and strategies that blocked PMN transmigration diminished platelet movement. Furthermore, platelet-PMN comigration was observed in intestinal tissue derived from human patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The translocated platelets were found to release large quantities of ATP, which was metabolized to adenosine via a 2-step enzymatic reaction mediated by ecto-nucleotidases, including CD73 and ecto–nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (ecto-NTPDases), expressed on the apical membrane of the intestinal epithelial cells. In vitro studies and a mouse model of intestinal inflammation were employed to define a mechanism involving adenosine-mediated induction of electrogenic chloride secretion, with concomitant water movement into the intestinal lumen. These studies demonstrate that ecto-NTPDases are expressed on the apical membrane of epithelial cells and are involved in what we believe to be a previously unappreciated function for platelets in the inflamed intestine, which might promote bacterial clearance under inflammatory conditions.
Thomas Weissmüller, Eric L. Campbell, Peter Rosenberger, Melanie Scully, Paul L. Beck, Glenn T. Furuta, Sean P. Colgan
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text:
Environmental Permit application for a proposed fuel service station
Poultry slaughterhouse at Qrendi
Redevelopment of Burmarrad Commercials
Client: Joem Auto Parts Ltd
Start / Finish Dates: April - June 2014
Adi Associates prepared an Environmental Permit application for a proposed fuel service station at St Julian's. The new service station will replace an existing kerbside fuel station within the same road and will comprise:
Underground fuel tanks storing diesel, biodiesel and unleaded petrol;
One above-ground LPG tank;
Fuel dispensers;
Car wash facilities;
A service station consisting of a shop selling only goods related to motor vehicles (e.g. oils and lubricants, spare parts, etc), and providing limited servicing of vehicles (e.g. puncture repair, replacement of batteries, replacement of car wipers, etc.); and
Associated underground storage to store stock required for the shop on site, as well as products used in the car wash and temporary storage of municipal waste generated at the station.
The Environmental Permit application described the operations of the proposed service station, including fuels and chemicals storage, waste management, discharge of wastewater, and emissions to air. Where required, information regarding the existing service station was also submitted to MEPA as part of this application.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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1. In which direction should the deceased be placed while giving the ghusal?
2. After the ghusal, when the deceased is brought to the home before being taken for the Janaazah Salaah, in which position should the deceased be placed?
1. The deceased may be placed in whichever direction it is easy to give the ghusal.
2. The deceased should be placed with his right side facing the qiblah.
Which direction must the body face when performing the ghusal?
Where should the feet of the deceased face during ghusal?
Who should be present when giving ghusal to the deceased?


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University labor leaders are irate over Kean University's plan to transfer its China-based faculty to the employment of the Chinese government. But despite loud objections from national American Federation of Teachers (AFT) president Randi Weingarten and other labor leaders, Kean has announced the deal is done. But they promise little will change for the faculty once turnover occurs.
Despite fears to the contrary, resolution documents obtained by NJ Spotlight show that Kean University's campus in Wenzhou, China has adopted a salary and benefit system comparable to the package given to Kean faculty in New Jersey. This includes equivalent salaries (in local currency), medical benefits, sick days, tenure policy and retirement benefits.
James Castiglione, an associate professor of physics at Kean and president of the Kean Federation of Teachers said he's doubtful these promises will be kept.
James Castiglione, president of the Kean Federation of Teachers, doubts promises made about the new arrangement will be kept.
Kean University president Dawood Farahi announced the transfer in a letter to faculty back in October. The agreement would affect 102 employees, more than half of whom are from the United States, including nine from New Jersey.
At a press conference in Trenton Thursday morning convened by the AFT and AFL-CIO, Weingarten decried the change in authority as an affront to "American values" and called on Democratic Gov. Phil Murphy to install a state monitor to oversee the goings-on at Kean and WKU.
"Yeah, I am mad, because this is not supposed to be happening in America," Weingarten shouted. "How dare we let it happen right under our eyes. That is why we are here today and that is why the entire American Federation of Teachers and the academic community all throughout America is watching carefully what is happening here."
State Secretary of Higher Education Zakiya Smith-Ellis revealed earlier this month that her office would be looking into the transfer but stopped short of calling it an investigation.
Resolution documents adopted by the WKU board on November 27 (just days after the Secretary announced she would be looking into the change) show that some of labor's concerns have been addressed and — as long as the leadership at WKU adheres to the agreement — teaching conditions will stay the same when the faculty change takes effect in July 2019.
On salary, the resolution says faculty members will receive a salary "at least equivalent to what they would have received as a Kean University employee, paid monthly in Chinese currency." That salary will be adjusted upward or downward based on the foreign exchange rate set by the People's Bank of China. This is not an unusual move for a university with a foreign campus. Duke University and New York University, both private universities with campuses in China confirmed to NJ Spotlight that full-time faculty at their schools in China are paid by those schools.
The salary question raised alarm bells with labor leaders who pointed to China's strict limitations on financial transactions. China's foreign exchange regulator, the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE), has tightened its laws, placing more restrictions in recent years on foreigners seeking to send cash back to the United States.
In response, Smith pointed to a section of the resolution that notes "a currency conversion/transfer service will be made available to faculty members through a local banking institution" for a monthly cost of 200 RMB (approx. $29.00). WKU faculty would be able to transfer their compensation to their home country "without restriction," under this model.
The resolution also includes language maintaining equivalent health benefits, sick and vacation days, a continuation of the current relocation, housing, travel, and professional development programs, retirement benefits, and eligibility for a dependent/spousal tuition discount.
Another sticking point for labor leaders was the adherence to academic freedom, something they said was unlikely to flourish under a communist regime.
The question now is whether or not these promises can be guaranteed by Kean, given the amount of control given to the Chinese government.
And though Kean released the agreement documents, many other questions are still left unanswered.
Castiglione raised issues of data transfer between schools and whether sensitive personal information pertaining to students and teachers at Kean USA would be shared with the Chinese government. He also brought up Kean's low graduation rates, high dropout rates, and increasing numbers of students graduating with debt here in the United States.
And the biggest unanswered question of all, according to Weingarten, is: Why is Kean in China at all?


text:
Veritas Appoints New Director
By Enterprise Storage Forum Staff
The board of directors for Veritas Software Corp. said Dave J. Roux, co-founder and principal of Silver Lake Management, LLC, has been appointed director.
Roux, 45, has served as co-founder and principal of Silver Lake Management, LLC, a New York and Silicon Valley investment partnership. Roux is also chairman of Liberate Technologies, Inc. in Redwood Shores, Calif. Prior to this, he was CEO of Liberate; executive vice president of corporate development at Oracle Corporation; senior vice president of Lotus Development; and co-founder and CEO of Datext, Inc., which was acquired by Lotus Development.
Veritas Shows Off Corporate Data Center
FalconStor CEO Expounds on Layers of Networked Storage Virtualization
Enterprise Storage Forum Staff
Equinix Plans Data Center in South Africa


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You are here: Home / Archives for annual plantings.
Some gardeners come to a scheme for planting annuals based on favorite colors, or color combinations. Others like a certain style of planting. Others focus on the size of the flowers, or the color of the leaves. The best plantings involve scheming on as many different levels as possible. I plant the annuals in front of the shop in a different way every year. That way, sooner or later, everyone will see something they like. This is the best part of planting annuals. Every year, there is a chance to try something new.
Last year's scheme was all green. I planted panicum grass inside the boxwood. More than a few customers said it looked like we were going out of business, as we had not cut the grass. Like I say, everyone has a different idea of beautiful. I knew I wanted to do something with purple. The color of this ageratum artist is so luscious. It is a light blue/purple that I call heliotrope blue. Lots of blue with a big dose of lavender. Dark purple has a way of turning dull, if it does not have lively companions. The blue salvia mystic spires has gorgeous blue/purple flowers that are so striking up close. Plant it in a garden, and the color sinks into the background. In the mid and background of this picture, you can barely make out the purple angelonia.
The planting needed some friends that would make that brooding dark purple more visually appealing. We added both lime and white nicotiana to the purple angelonia. This plant is airy growing, simple in flower, and sports big flat leaves. This will contrast beautifully with the narrow leaves, smaller stature and flower spikes of the angelonia. So far, the planting has three colors in the mix.
Mixing colors adds depth to a planting. Pictured above is a bedding petunia called "Great Lakes Mix". The mix of white, medium blue/purple and dark purple petunias is a lively way to visually represent the idea of purple. A mass of white, or another light color can be quite striking. A mass of dark purple can look dull and flat. The value of the color purple, meaning its lightness or darkness, is very similar to the value of many greens in the landscape. Dark purple blends with green, rather than standing out from it. Determined to have lots of dark purple? Underplant it with lime or white. I dropped a floret of a red geranium onto this mix. This is a scheme I have planned for a client. The red will be all the more brilliant, given the purple mix. The purple mix is even more lively, given the red. Color in a garden is never about a color. It is about the relationships that define every individual color in a strong way.
So far so good. But this is a big planting bed, with boxwood that is over 3 feet tall. The garden would need to be anchored by something. A four foot tall dahlia would certainly provide a visual anchor to the garden. This white dinnerplate dahlia called Fluerel has a pale yellow center, and pale yellow green buds. This secondary color will relate to the lime nicotiana. The big flowers will be visible from a car driving by. The nicotiana will soften the look of this stiffly growing upright plant. We will stake it securely, early on. We will do the same with the nicotiana. The stakes are not the best look, but plants will completely disguise them in short order. All there will be to do next is water and wait, and how the scheme is a good one. If the scheme is a good one, all the relationships will be both friendly and serious. I saved the beginning of the story about this garden for last. I read the garden blog Gardenista almost every day. Last winter they put up a post about a dinnerplate dahlia called "Cafe Au Lait". The story came from a the blog of a florist who features home grown flowers. www.floretflowers.com, if you are interested. This dahlia features flowers the color of cafe au lait, naturally. Some flowers are more pink. Some are more towards the cream side. I have always been reluctant to grow these dahlias. They can be too tall, too stiff, and too ungainly. The blog post was very detailed in how and when to pinch them. The pinching early on results in more flowers with long stems. But it was the astonishing color that made me ask Mark from Bogie Lake Greenhouse to order 30 of them for me, and bring them on. The entire rest of the garden is an effort to feature these dahlias.
Tomorrow we will add more ageratum to the edge. I am after an 18″ wide rounded band of this color rolling down to the gravel to border the garden. That low carpet of ageratum may not be prominent for long, but when it does fill in, it will lighten the look of all of the other plants. There is a good while before the dahlias will have much to say. The ageratum border might be the best part of the garden, for a moment. I am still thinking about what will go in the window boxes. Having and taking the time to look at a garden before proceeding is part of the pleasure of the process.
Filed Under: Color, Detroit Garden Works, flowers, Summer Tagged With: annual color schemes, annual plantings.
My annual planting season is in full swing. My cork board is filled with job cards-there is a lot of work to do. I do the design work-but that part is a fairly small part of the process. Finding and ordering plants is followed by an installation and cleanup. We like to check back fairly soon after a planting to be sure everything is growing ok.
It is a well known fact that only one person at a time can drive a bus. What goes into planning and planting a job is much like delivering a busload of people to a destination. A lot of seats on the bus are occupied by growers of perennials, annuals, tropical plants, herbs, and vegetables. I know them on a first name basis. I only ask for special help when I really need it. I try to order by the truckload. I have a lot of respect for people who grow plants for a living-it is not easy.
Some seats on the bus are for the people who plant. They get seats in first class. The most outstanding design on the planet means nothing if the installation is not first class. They know to water plants before they load them on a hot day. They will water again-any plant they bring back at the end of the day. They plant expertly, and quickly. They know which side of a plant should face forward. They know how to plant a rootball crooked, so a plant stands up straight. They know how to soak a planting through and through.
There are two seats on my bus for the people who supervise. They see to it that everyone is focused on a common goal. They make executive decisions on the spot when they are needed. They organize and direct every move. They all work together amazingly well-I can barely keep up, placing the plants. There is one seat for a runner-he delivers forgotten plants and materials to to the job. There is one seat on the bus for Monica. Every project has a job sheet detailing the scope of the work, the plant material, the hardgoods, and the time spent. She is really good at spotting what might be missing from a sheet.
There are several seats on the bus for me. Three days a week I shop the markets-between 5:30 and 6 am. I need to get in and out in a timely way, I go when the traffic is sparse. I am likely to run into other people who garden professionally; a few minutes may be spent socially, or in a discussion of a particular client that we have in common. Several other days a week I drive to this greenhouse or that one-to see what looks good. Then there is a seat I call the order desk. Plant numbers must be calculated, plants ordered, and a delivery coordinated. I direct the crew pulling material for a job. Sometimes I draw the planting scheme on a picture of a pot from a previous year. Sometimes I place the plants personally.
A truckload of plants provide a couple of days worth of material. Some jobs take a day or better; other days we may do three projects. In any event, I have a lot of projects swirling around in my head. I know instinctively when I see a plant that would work for a project-or a plant around which a project can be organized. Some plants I need I might have to pass on. Maybe there are not enough available, or they are not the quality I had hoped for. Selecting the plants is one job I cannot delegate.
Blue salvia has never particularly appealed to me; so much undistinguished foliage with not so many flowers. The Cathedral series is an intriguing one- it comes in a dark purple, white, lavender, and blue sky. The mix is really good looking, especially if you like subtle color. I signed up for 24 cases. We'll see what comes of that decision. Tomorrow I will shop the market, and order another truckload that will get me through the weekend. It's the time to plant the annual flowers.
75 degrees today, and sunny. I'll take it.


text:
IT Assessment: What You Don't Want To Think About Could Save You Millions
by Richard Spoon | Feb 1, 2014 | Strategy & OGSM
Back when the modern technology game started, the vast majority of costs to companies went to hardware and communications, with software and people making up only a small portion of the total. These days, however, the majority of costs (80 percent according to Gartner) are in the people part of the technology equation—people who work to support, install, operate, integrate and decommission the technology needed for the company.
"The hard truth is that there is no one right technology solution for any company and saving money in hardware, software or communications, and the expense of labor such as support or integration costs, generally results in a lose-lose," said Blair King, managing partner at ArchPoint Consulting.
While there is no silver bullet, there is a best practice for making technology decisions and integrating various software and hardware for a company's needs.
And then there's the wrong way:
In about 80 percent of organizations, the project manager makes the decisions about which software will work for his or her division or effort. Sounds reasonable, right? Wrong. The project manager understands the needs of a division and project. While that much is true, when a project manager makes a technology decision, it usually leads to disastrous results.
"The important part of IT decisions turns out not to be so much about how various software currently work and work together, as it is about figuring out the endgame," said Kevin Quincey, partner at ArchPoint. "The important question to ask is, 'where does the company need to be—and how to get there?'"
Having more discipline around IT will save the company a whole lot of money. In fact, there are four standardized levels of technological maturity for companies, and according to Microsoft's and Gartner's research, there's a 7 percent difference in the return on assets when comparing all the companies surveyed who find themselves in the first level of technological maturity to the companies ranked in the third level.
"The crux of the matter in improving a company's technological maturity rating is in getting the right decision makers involved—a company's senior leadership. Generally, they're the only ones who can see enough of the big picture to understand the potential gains and losses of the IT landscape," said King.
Both King and Quincey have walked numerous CEOs and CIOs through the process.
"Once presented with the facts an IT assessment unveils, almost every CIO realizes his or her organization needs to significantly change the way the company approaches technological decisions," Quincey said.
An IT assessment serves as a canary in the coal mine for both CEOs and CIOs as to the importance of taking a look at a company's technological infrastructure. The struggle for many, of course, is the lack of access, whether real or perceived, in delving deep into the technology side of business. CEOs and CIOs who realize the difference an IT assessment can make in increasing value, improving process and integration are ahead of the game.
"For some companies, the integration of technology doesn't involve a long or even short-term plan—it just happens," King said. "If the company needs an email system, someone selects and buys an email system. If they need a billing system, someone else selects and buys a billing system. If they need a time management system, another someone selects and buys a time management system. Oftentimes, little thought is given to how each of these systems works together."
However, after the software purchase takes place, people within the organization begin to realize, usually very quickly, that none of the systems were made to work together. Unfortunately, a lot of companies make this realization after they've made a large investment.
"Granted, some companies do a degree of research and still choose to piece mill their tech needs from various companies and software producers. This option isn't cheap," Quincey said. "However, other companies choose to make an even larger investment with a single company. A lot of businesses shy away from purchasing the various systems from one producer because the solutions initially look so expensive. Yes, they can buy the pieces separately for a lot less—but the money then comes in integrating the various systems."
Making these decisions are tricky. Not because the division needs are misunderstood, but because there must be consideration into how the new software will actually work or how it integrate in to other parts of the company. The decision to purchase new software needs to come down to an IT person who works closely with the specific division of a company— and understands what that division's needs most. The IT role is often a "systems integrator" or specialist in the architecture team and has spent his or her career in opening boxes and testing software.
Most companies have to make software decisions about 100 times a year—on top of the existing web of programs and software solutions. The issue is not simply a matter of how and what software comes into an organization. It's also an assessment of the current situation.
So, where does a company begin? The first step is assessing your company's current landscape. Believe it or not, a complete technology assessment is less complicated than you might expect. Using a 75- to 80-question survey, composed of mostly yes or no questions, trained experts can determine where a company falls on the five core capabilities on an industry standard technology maturity model.
The five core IT capabilities are:
Security networking and monitoring
Secured messaging infrastructure
The four IT maturity levels are:
Basic—This level is complete chaos in technology decisions. The company has no desktop standards and allows people to make decisions on a local or regional level regarding software. No security standards or formal procedures for disaster recovery are in place.
Standardized—This level is characterized by tight control. The company allows little to no room for anything to happen for special circumstances or to satisfy local/regional needs.
Rationalized—Allows global flexibility and secure remote access server monitoring. All servers have disaster recovery capabilities. Secure email access across channels.
Dynamic—Values both local and global flexibility by efforts to organize the critical decisions locally with centralized automated procurement. Values local flexibility and some will value global capabilities.
Combining the five capability areas with the four maturity levels produces this chart:
"Few customers make it to level 4," Quincey said.
In fact, Microsoft ranks only about 2 percent of their customers at level 4—a fleeting glory because technology changes so fast that those who make it to level 4 don't stay there for long, according to King.
The infrastructure optimization model offers a way to break down a company's technology situation into four levels—immature, medium, mature and advanced. Once a company participates in a complete IT assessment, CIOs realize the need to move the company up two maturity levels in various capabilities.
"While it's not impossible to move quickly or less expensively, the key point is that the assessment model provides a company a clear overview that helps reorder how to tackle the major renovations," said Quincey.
The end of the IT assessment story is the most important part. Without a global view of what difference an IT assessment and plan can make, a CEO may not even care about assessment not because he or she doesn't care but because other more pressing issues occupy their time and energy.
Assessing your capability
On a scale of 1 to 10, how well does IT support your business portfolio?
On the IT Capabilities and Gaps, gauge your organization's maturity level.
What gaps do you close?


text:
Coby Alexander
Hannah "Halo" Littleton, a senior broadcast journalism major from Montgomery, Alabama, is a musical artist and student at Troy University.
After falling in love with the being the lead singer for a praise band at her high school, Littleton said that music turned into a career path for her. However, balancing school and music with being a full-time student who also commutes isn't always easy.
"It is tiresome," Littleton said. "I drive about an hour and then drive back (to Montgomery) to go to the Studio Media where I work. It's a lot, but it's worth it."
Even though doing both is time-consuming for her, Littleton said she could never let go of music.
"That (music) is my focus, my passion, why I live and breathe," she shared.
Littleton said her relationship with making sound dates back to the moment she entered the world. Her mother said Littleton's birth came with a deafening scream.
"My mom would tell me stories of when she had me; I came out screaming," Littleton said.
"She said my voice would be piercing, and that's how she knew I would be a singer."
She said her talents began being sculpted in her home and at school. Littleton's father would play pop singer Elton John and the funk band theCommodores in the mornings as her family would clean the house. She said her brothers also began to take an interest in music.
"My brother plays bass, and my younger brother has picked up drums," Littleton explained. "We all used to play piano, so yeah, I guess you can say we're pretty musically inclined."
Littleton said she was involved with theater when she was younger, and some of the skills she learned translated into her musical career.
"I would not be as comfortable on stage if I didn't grow up on the stage; that is my comfort place," Littleton said. "Those skills carry over into music and into life, such as presenting yourself."
She also said working on an artistic presentation to help build a musical sound for an artist is necessary, and that being able to take from influences and mold personal sound is the foundation for most artists. Littleton mentioned R&B singer SZA, Sade and neo-soul singer Erykah Badu as her influences.
"I'll always rest on Erykah, just the spiritual being she is," Littleton said. "The fact that her music has a purpose and it's to enlighten others; I want my music to have that same impact."
Littleton attributed her writing style to life experiences since she wants to connect with her audience. She said she wants let listeners connect with her sounds even before she is able to reach them physically.
"When you express yourself through any medium, it's genuine, and it's from a (personal) experience," Littleton explained. "I think when it comes to that place, you can really connect with people genuinely."
Littleton said she is most comfortable on a stage where she can connect not only with the audience but also with herself.
"I love the stage! I get anxiety when I get off the stage," Little shared. "As soon as I get off stage, I feel it (anxiety), but when I'm on stage, it's natural."
However, with the COVID-19 pandemic and recent stay-at-home order, Halo was put in an uncomfortable situation that she said challenged her creatively.
"I had to challenge my thinking and rethink what this was," Littleton said. "When you've been told you can't leave a place, it can seem really restrictive in your mind."
Littleton lives with her parents, so in an attempt to be extra cautious for them, she turned her room into a recording space.
"I can't go to the studio, so one thing I have done is compiled my resources," Littleton said. "I got a new speaker, I got a new microphone and I've basically set up an at-home studio. I got sound software downloaded on my computer, so I'm ready to hit the ground running."
Littleton said that the first week at home was very confining, but she has learned lessons already from the quarantine.
"It taught me to be grateful, like I don't have it bad at all," Littleton said. "The more I changed my perception of the situation the more I became grateful. Like, I'm stuck here, I don't have to go out, so I can just sit here and create."
She said the musical lessons she is learning do stop with just the quarantine. Her school work is preparing her for her career. She shared that being a public relations minor helps her understand music from a business standpoint, as well.
"I'm learning a lot of things about marketing and advertising," Littleton said. "You can't be successful if you're not a good business person, too."
From recording her first song on an iPhone to now working on new music, Littleton said she has grown as an artist. She said she has learned from music, as well as college, the art of self-expression, and how to become more business savvy.
With this new knowledge found, Halo said she feels the same way about music as she did when she was the lead singer of her school band – she knows music is in her soul.
She said, "I want to do music, I want to perform and I want to be a music artist."
VarietyCareer, Coby Alexander, coronavirus, covid-19, creative, Halo, Hannah Littleton, Music, Student, Troy University
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Alabama should not extend lockdown
March 4, 2020 News Comments Off on Walk Hard: ATO members will start walking to Panama City Beach Friday morning
Walk Hard: ATO members will start walking to Panama City Beach Friday morning
(Photo/Contributed) Members of Troy University's Alpha Tau Omega fraternity pose with their flag on the beach...


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// This can only be built if the target/compiler supports FP16 arguments.
#ifdef __ARM_FP16_ARGS

#include "arm_gemm_local.hpp"

#include "pooling_implementation.hpp"
#include "pooling_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "pooling_depthfirst_generic.hpp"

#include "kernels/cpp_nhwc_1x1_stride_any_depthfirst.hpp"
#if defined(__aarch64__)
#if defined(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_SVE)
#include "kernels/sve_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/sve_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst.hpp"
#endif  // defined(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_SVE)
#include "kernels/a64_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst.hpp"
#include "kernels/a64_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst.hpp"
#endif  // defined(__aarch64__)

namespace arm_conv {
namespace pooling {

static const PoolingImplementation<__fp16, __fp16> pooling_fp16_methods[] = {
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "cpp_fp16_nhwc_1x1_stride_any_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> bool {
      return args.pool_window.rows == 1 && args.pool_window.cols == 1;
    },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new cpp_nhwc_1x1_stride_any_depthfirst<__fp16>(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirstGeneric<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
#if defined(__aarch64__)
#if defined(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_SVE)
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "sve_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &os) -> bool {
      return args.cpu_info->has_sve() &&
             is_supported<sve_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst>(args, os);
    },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new sve_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirst<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &os) -> bool {
      return args.cpu_info->has_sve() &&
             is_supported<sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst>(args, os);
    },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirst<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> bool {
      return args.cpu_info->has_sve() && args.pool_type == PoolingType::AVERAGE;
    },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new sve_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirstGeneric<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "sve_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> bool {
      return args.cpu_info->has_sve() && args.pool_type == PoolingType::MAX;
    },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new sve_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirstGeneric<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
#endif  // defined(ARM_COMPUTE_ENABLE_SVE)
#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_FP16_VECTOR_ARITHMETIC)
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "a64_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst",
    is_supported<a64_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst>,
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new a64_fp16_nhwc_max_2x2_s1_output2x2_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirst<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst",
    is_supported<a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst>,
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_3x3_s1_output2x2_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirst<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> bool { return args.pool_type == PoolingType::AVERAGE; },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new a64_fp16_nhwc_avg_generic_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirstGeneric<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
  {
    PoolingMethod::DEPTHFIRST,
    "a64_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst",
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> bool { return args.pool_type == PoolingType::MAX; },
    nullptr,
    [] (const PoolingArgs &args, const Nothing &) -> PoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> * {
      auto strat = new a64_fp16_nhwc_max_generic_depthfirst(args.cpu_info);
      return new PoolingDepthfirstGeneric<__fp16>(strat, args);
    },
  },
#endif  // defined(__ARM_FEATURE_FP16_VECTOR_ARITHMETIC)
#endif  // defined(__aarch64__)
  { PoolingMethod::DEFAULT, "", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr },  // End of list
};

template <>
const PoolingImplementation<__fp16, __fp16> *pooling_implementation_list()
{
  return pooling_fp16_methods;
}

template UniquePoolingCommon<__fp16, __fp16> pooling(const PoolingArgs &, const Nothing &);

}  //  namespace pooling
}  //  namespace arm_conv

#endif // __ARM_FP16_ARGS

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


In consequence, the word 'normal' has ceased to have any meaning. Community still means what it always has, a group of persons united by a love of something other than themselves, be it racehorses and poetry, but today such a love has to be discovered by each person for himself; it cannot be acquired socially. Society can only teach conformity to the momentary fashion, either of the majority or of its mirror-image, the rebellious minority. To belong to either is to be a member, not of a community, but if a 'public' in the Kierkegaardian sense. Today, all visible and therefore social signs of agreement are suspect. What a pleasant surprise it would be to meet a crew-cut hippie or a company director with hair down to his shoulders.
Such wholesale adoption of the trappings of the new group–especially speech forms and ideological commitments– require too, constant maintenance. This is best facilitated by persistent, frequent and sometimes, in extreme cases, exclusive, contact with other members of the new group. These interactions facilitate the upkeep of the new garb; they enable an inspection of slight changes in fashion that may need urgent responding to if membership is to continue.
The problem then, as Auden highlights it, is that the rebel only learns how to reject and leave a group; he does not learn how to live outside of one.
An absence of a 'sense of humor' it seems, is almost endemic to all reductive, 'X is nothing-but or merely Y' style analyses (as in the example of the naturalist above, who suggests that books are nothing but examples of conditioned behavior). They are also depressingly narrow-minded and lacking in imagination.
All too often, reductionist analyses fail to answer the most basic questions about their enterprise: Why is one necessary? How would it be accomplished? What explanatory power or insight do we gain with the new language of description that is now afforded by these 'nothing-but' locutions that you provide us? What would we lose in its place? A reduction for reduction's sake seems extremely unappealing.
This is not to discount the explanatory power that some reductionist analyses have afforded us, especially within the sciences. But even there, occasionally, as the misguided efforts to reduce biological explanations to exclusively physical and chemical ones shows, the seductive allure of the catch-all, explain-all impulse dies hard. That same urge fuels the intemperate extension of the reductive net to catch all manner of fish, be it literature, psychology, or the social sciences.
Auden is right: the reductionist is megalomaniacal and a bore. He fails to see that what makes inquiry interesting is the creation of meaning in rich and diverse forms; he'd rather channel that fundamental impulse into some narrowly circumscribed channel. And Auden is right too, about the lack of a sense of humor. The universe is laughing at you behind your back anyway; why not join in and crack a joke or two yourself?


RTsoft Forums > Official Robinson Technologies Forums > RTsoft Tavern > testing something, no need to look here.
View Full Version : testing something, no need to look here.
ok, guess you cant make a thread with no post.
Saying, "Testing something, no need to look here" makes me want to come here even more, xD. But you can still type in white making it look like you wrote nothing!


text:
Antamine Copper Mine, Peru
Pobladores bloquean carretera en cercanías a Antamina - http://prensaancashina.com/wp/2021/07/09/acciones-de-protesta-contra-antamina-en-su-ambito-de-influencia/
Pobladores de puerto Huarmey protestan contra minera Aatamina - https://prensaancashina.com/wp/2021/10/18/anuncian-paro-en-contra-de-antamina-en-huarmey/
Comuneros de Santa Cruz de Picchu protestan delante de la mina - https://huaraznoticias.com/antamina-comuneros-de-santa-cruz-de-pichiu-protesta-contra-minera/
One of the most important projects in the country. Long Data Conflict that affects inhabitants and the environment from its open pit in the Andes, along the mineway to the coast and even the fishermen of Huarmey port.
This case form has been translated for your convenience using translation software powered by Google Translate. Therefore, they may contain errors. Any discrepancies or differences created in translating this content from the original version into another language are not binding and have no legal effect. If any questions arise related to the accuracy of the information contained in these translations, please refer to the version of the case in: Spanish (Original)
Antamine is one of the largest mines in Peru, it is exploited to open Tajo, measures 2,000 meters long, 1,000 meters wide and 500 meters deep, it is one of the largest producers of copper, zinc, molybdenum and byproducts of Silver and lead.
The progress of the exploitation caused concern in the comuneros. The first protests in 2006 motivated the intervention of the Office of the Office of the People of the Région Ancash who intermediate for a dialogue with the community. Consequently, various meetings were held to address various topics such as the degree of land, employment, relocation and development, with the participation of the company and the Ministry of Energy and Minas. The main affected villagers are from the Santa Rosa community, and other comuneros of the Cajacay District, and JUPROG's comuneros in the San Marcos District, Acuash Region.
In this context, the Community requests the realization of studies of impacts of mining in the health of the community to the Occupational Health Center and Protection of the Environment for Health (Censopes). The study determines health risks due to exposure to heavy metals of the comuneros, checking cases where blood metal levels exceed the maximum allowed. The company has publicly expressed its doubts about the results and questions to the employed methodology.
In April 2008, the comuneros make public complaints based on the reports of censopes and indicate that the company, despite the report, has not taken any action or those affected have received medical care.
In March 2009, the comuneros make a judicial complaint against the company For the crime of heavy metal contamination (lead, cadmium and arsenic) and risk to health. The complaint with the Special Provincial Prosecutor's Office of Crime Prevention of Huaraz (ANCASH) is based on the results and conclusions of the evaluation carried out by Censopes. The inhabitants request relocation and compensation for contamination.
In October 2009 Faced with this complaint The company disseminates a statement in which the results of the study have generated confusion Among JUPROG's commuvers and questions the realization of a third study in charge of censopes with the support of the Regional Management of Natural Resources and Environmental Management of the Regional Government. The company maintains that the study should not be carried out without first sharing a technical table in order to ensure a correct interpretation of the results. Likewise, it reports that it agreed with the Vice Ministry of Health, constitute a technical table with the participation of Digesa, Censopes and Antamina in order to ensure an adequate intervention and correct interpretation of the results.
In addition there are conflicts in several zones, such as the protests of the chipta comuner (pallares) by disappearance of water eyes, there are also conflicts by transport [1].
The mine pipeline that transports the material to the coast has generated multiple spills on its way to the port of Huarmey, which has produced serious pollution problems between fishermen [2].
Despite the protests, Antamina continues to insist that her activities do not contaminate. However in 2011 in Juprog denounce the death of Cuyes and Truchas and permanent presence of a dust that sits on the plants, which made the authorities present [3].
In July 2012, a new spill occurs in Santa Rosa.
The National Institute of Health made three studies that confirmed copper, arsenic and lead pollution In the blood of the inhabitants. Results that were confirmed by the studies of the Occupational Health Center and Protection of the Censopes Environment: the company tried to deny these results. Huarmey inhabitants respond with a stop [4]
in 2017, a new spill occurs due to a breaking of the pipeline that poured minerals over the River Fortaleza [5 ].
Between 2010 and 2014 the mining has been fined 14 times by the OEFA for breach of environmental standards for an amount of half a million dollars in total [6] .
In 2011, the residents of several sectors claimed for the breach of the Development Agreement signed in 2007 with the mining company. They made a stop and blocked the way by seeing that SES suspended the meeting agreed with the mine. The mine sent two public relations during the protest. Cypto settlers, Juprog, San Pedro de Picchu were arrested by the police. Sixteen inhabitants reported having been beaten by members of the police. The comuneros Melitón Castillo and Narciso Espinoza were charged by the Mine of Kidnapping and sentenced in April 2017 to 24 years in prison. The Supreme Court of Justice absolved them. [6] [7].
Antamine is also one of the companies that has subscribed for protection agreements with the National Police [8].
During the pandemic, it did not stop working, reaching more than 210 workers infected by the COVID-19 [9].
Keywords: Open Cast Mine, Land Entitlement, Displacement, Impact Assessment, Heavy Metals, Health, Blood, Compensation, Transportation, Fishers, Leakage, Molybdenum
Name of conflict: Antamine Copper Mine, Peru
Country: Peru
State or province: Ancash
Location of conflict: Province of Huari, San Marcos District
Accuracy of location HIGH (Local level)
Type of conflict. 1st level: Mineral Ores and Building Materials Extraction
Type of conflict. 2nd level: Tailings from mines
Land acquisition conflicts
Specific commodities: Copper
Project Details and Actors
At 4300 msnm, one of the ten largest mines in the world in production, in Yanacancha, Open Tajo Mina with operational life 30 years proven and probable reserves 743 million tons of material with a 1.06% copper law, zinc 0.67%, silver 11.7 GR / TON, Molybdenum 0.026% 125 km. Online Straight of the Mine Al Puerto Lobitos in the province of Huarmey through a 304 km hydration.
Antamine copper production is driven by the new renewable energy market (1P) and its efficiency in energy conduction (2P). The same orientation is taking one of the shareholders of Antamina, the Empk (3P)
(See less)
Project area: 620.
Level of Investment for the conflictive project 3,600,000,000
Type of population Semi-urban
Affected Population: 35,000+.
Start of the conflict: 2006
Company names or state enterprises: Compania Minera Antamina S.A from Peru - es una empresa constituida en el Peru, cuyos accionistas son cuatro companias mundiales
Xstrata Coal from Switzerland - con el 33,75%
BHP Billiton (BHP) from United Kingdom
Teck Resources Limited (Teck) from Canada - con el 22,5% Teck (Canada)
Mitsubishi heavy industries from Japan - con el 10%
Relevant government actors: Defender of the People of Peru, Ministry of Energy and Mines, Special Provincial Privalal of Prevention of the Crime of Huaraz, Regional Management of Natural Resources and Environmental Government Management, General Directorate of Environmental Health
Environmental justice organizations (and other supporters) and their websites, if available: Occupational Health Center and Protection of the Environment for Health, (Censopes). This state institution performs the sampling of, blood in the year 2006.
National Human Rights Coordinator CNDDHH
Conflict & Mobilization
Intensity MEDIUM (street protests, visible mobilization)
Reaction stage Mobilization for reparations once impacts have been felt
Groups mobilizing: Farmers
Indigenous groups or traditional communities
Local ejos
Neighbours/citizens/communities
Ethnically/racially discriminated groups
Quechua Communities
Fisher people
Forms of mobilization: Blockades
Community-based participative research (popular epidemiology studies, etc..)
Creation of alternative reports/knowledge
Involvement of national and international NGOs
Lawsuits, court cases, judicial activism
Media based activism/alternative media
Official complaint letters and petitions
Street protest/marches
Arguments for the rights of mother nature
Studies of Impacts of Mining in Health
Environmental Impacts Visible: Air pollution, Food insecurity (crop damage), Loss of landscape/aesthetic degradation, Soil contamination, Soil erosion, Waste overflow, Surface water pollution / Decreasing water (physico-chemical, biological) quality, Mine tailing spills, Biodiversity loss (wildlife, agro-diversity), Groundwater pollution or depletion
Health Impacts Visible: Other environmental related diseases, Accidents, Health problems related to alcoholism, prostitution, Occupational disease and accidents
Potential: Violence related health impacts (homicides, rape, etc..)
Other Health impacts Lead pollination and other heavy metals
Socio-economical Impacts Visible: Displacement, Land dispossession, Loss of landscape/sense of place, Social problems (alcoholism, prostitution, etc..)
Potential: Increase in Corruption/Co-optation of different actors, Loss of livelihood, Loss of traditional knowledge/practices/cultures, Militarization and increased police presence, Specific impacts on women, Violations of human rights
Project Status In operation
Conflict outcome / response: Compensation
Criminalization of activists
Court decision (victory for environmental justice)
Migration/displacement
Application of existing regulations
Unfulfilled Compensation Agreements
Do you consider this an environmental justice success? Was environmental justice served?: No
Briefly explain: The permanent complaints of spills and pollution, both along the mineway, and in the port of Huarmey by the affected villagers, have not received ears from the authorities, in the case of the displaced people who came to a compensation agreement have Denounced that this is not being fulfilled.
Sources & Materials
Juridical relevant texts related to the conflict (laws, legislations, EIAs, etc)
Eficiencia del cobre para la conducción de energía que permitiría el ahorro energético
Teck, empresa accionista de Antamina se lanza al mercado de las energías renovables en Chile
[1] Servindi - Criminalización de la protesta III
[1] Cobre para la energía verde
[2] Huarmey en paro de 48 horas contra minera Antamina por Acuifero Cascajal
[3] Servindi - Contaminación en Juprog
[4] La Republica - Metales pesados en la sangre
[5] Servindi - Rotura de mineroducto
[6] OEFA muta a Antamina
[7] wambra.ec - Criminalización de la protesta
[8] OCMAL - Criminalización de la protesta II
[9] CooperAcción - Convenios con la policía
[10] CooperAcción - 210 contagiados en Antamina
Other comments: Investments: US $ 2.3 billion in 2001, for expansion of 38% capacity
Conflict ID: 797


text:
Aucanquilcha Volcano: Alto Loa National Reserve (Chile)
The Aucanquilcha volcano is located in the Antofagasta Region of northern Chile, between the Loa River and the border with Bolivia, within the Alto Loa National Reserve. It is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes. Several sulfur mines lie in the Aucanquilcha complex.
Aucanquilcha Volcano
The Aucanquilcha volcano is located in the Antofagasta Region of northern Chile, between the Loa River and the border with Bolivia, within the Alto Loa National Reserve. It is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes.
One of the largest volcanic edifices in the region, the stratovolcano has the form of a ridge with a maximum height of 6,176 m (20,262 ft). By elevation, Aucanquilcha is # 4 in the Antofagasta Region, #19 in Chile and #44 in the Andes of Chile and Argentina.
Part of a large cluster of volcanoes located between the Loa River and the Chile-Bolivia border, the Aucanquilcha volcano itself was formed from four units that erupted between 1.04 - 0.23 million years ago. There is some fumarolic activity and sulfur deposits are present at the summit.
The volcanic cluster of which Aucanquilcha is a part contains about 19 - 20 volcanoes and covers a surface area of 700 sq km (270 sq mi), the cluster is surrounded on its northern, western and eastern sides by salt flats and alluvial deposits. On its southern side lies the Cerro Chela volcano.
The volcano is currently not glaciated despite its height, due to the aridity of the climate. However, the volcanic cluster was modestly glaciated during the Quaternary, as evidenced by glacial striations and moraines at elevations above 4,500 m (14,800 ft). There is evidence of past glaciers both on the main volcano and its subsidiaries.
Sulfur Mining
Several sulfur mines lie in the Aucanquilcha complex. One mine, at an altitude of 5,950 m (19,520 ft), was opened in 1913 and remained in use from 1950 to 1992. It was the world's highest mine during that period.
Originally, sulfur obtained at the mine was transported down the mountain with llamas. An aerial cable system extending for 22 km (14 mi) was completed in 1935 to lower the sulfur in buckets. Eventually, this was replaced by a road that switchbacked up to the summit and was capable of supporting 20-ton mining trucks. Since the mine closed in 1993, much of the road has fallen into disrepair.
Alto Loa National Reserve
Alto Loa National Reserve is a natural protected area located in the Antofagasta Region of northern Chile. It is located at 3,000 m (9,800 ft) altitude with a total surface area of approximately 300,000 ha (740,000 acres). Created in 2005, it is Chile's largest natural reserve.
The nearest settlement to the reserve is the small village of Ollagüe and the nearest city is the mining town of Calama.
Alto Loa is the home of three salt flats: San Martín or Carcote, Ascotán and Ollagüe. The climate is desertic, with approximately 3 mm (.12 in) of precipitation a year and temperatures that normally range between 25 °C (77 °F) and 17 °C (63 °F).
The main aim of the reserve is to protect the source of the Loa River (4,277 m or 14,000 ft altitude) and the vegetal and animal species that depend on the river ecosystem in the desert region. Along with its native flora and fauna,
Alto Loa National Reserve hosts three salt flats:
Salar de Carcote (or San Martín): a remnant of an ancient lake, it covers an area of around 108 sq km (41.6 sq mi) and its surface elevation is 3,690 m
Salar de Ascotán (or Cebollar): with a surface area of 246 sq km (95 sq mi), the salt pan was formerly filled by a 270 sq km (104 sq mi) lake
Salar de Ollagüe: located on the border between Chile and Bolivia, this salt flat has a surface area of 133 sq km (51.3 sq mi) of which the majority lies in Bolivia
Fauna species that can be found here include the Guanaco, the Condor, the Viscacha and the Cougar. Flora species include the Tabaquillo or Queñoa (Polylepis australis) and the Yareta or Llareta.
Another of the park's objectives is to support the social and economic development of the local native communities through the operation of tourist concessions in the reserve.
Protected Areas in Chile
Landforms of Chile
Protected Areas in South America
Landforms of South America


Roy Hoopes is currently considered a "single author." If one or more works are by a distinct, homonymous authors, go ahead and split the author.
Roy Hoopes is composed of 4 names. You can examine and separate out names.


As I mentioned previously, I've been taking new photos of some older models. This one looks O. K. ,so I'll throw it in with some of the other astounding bi-plane builds that have been presented lately.
Hi, This is my Heinkel He51W, very hard to assemble kit. No major changes, is practically fact box. Hope you like it.


Figure 1-1. Storage Holds in a Cargo Ship.
The nationality of the vessel.
containers-military-owned demountable containers (MILVANs)-and their gross weight.
The name of the master or another officer of the vessel authorized to sign for the master.
An example of a ship's manifest is given in Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3. A Ship's Manifest.


text:
Sunnis and Shias must unite against sectarianism
Photo credit: photodune.
By Hesham Hassaballa
Last weekend, we were making S'mores (don't worry … halal marshmallows) in our backyard, and we called our neighbors over to join us. Their kids played with our kids, and we enjoyed a nice evening together. Our conversation varied from school, to cars, to food – you know, normal stuff – but it also touched upon religion. This could have been touchy, because they were Shi'a Muslims, and we are Sunnis.
But, there was no tension whatsoever. They left our house as beloved a neighbor as they were when they first arrived. We discussed religion because one of their children had a hoodie that read, "Who is Hussain?" And about this, I commented to his father, my friend: "I am still baffled that anyone could have the audacity to kill the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)." A sentiment with which he agreed completely.
After a conversation about the murder of Imam Hussein (r), we prayed Maghrib together and continued to discuss Islamic history and politics. And we both decried the terrible division between Sunnis and Shias that is rocking the Islamic world today, especially in the Arab Middle East. We also decried the fact that, unfortunately, many Muslims bring the divisions over there to their communities over here.
This should not be so.
Yes, there are theological differences between Sunnis and Shias. I neither dismiss nor belittle them. There are some things in that theology with which I do not agree. And I am against the extremists among the Shia who attack the veracity of the Companions of the Prophet (pbuh), whom I revere and greatly respect.
But I am equally against the savages among the Sunnis who call the Shias "infidels" and kill them at will. I hate them with every fiber of my being, and they must be opposed at every turn. No matter what the differences between our two communities, nothing should rise to the level of murder. Nothing. And we Muslims in the West should not seek to bring that conflict here.
In fact, the bond that can bind us together is the love we both have for the Family of the Prophet (pbuh). Even though I am Sunni, I have a deep-seated love for the Family of the Prophet (pbuh), all of the Family of the Prophet (pbuh). If I love the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) with all my heart, then how can I not love his family, which he loved with all of his heart?
I have written, literally dozens of times, that the mutual love for Jesus Christ (pbuh) should bring the Muslim and Christian communities together. The same sentiment is even more true for Sunnis and Shias: our mutual love for the Family of the Prophet (pbuh) should bring our communities closer together.
We both worship the same God; we both follow the same Prophet (pbuh); we revere the same Book. There should be no reason why our two communities should be against one another. We should pray at each others' mosques. We should break bread with each other, and with Ramadan coming up, we should break our fasts together. We are all Muslims, and we need to come together as one, our differences notwithstanding.
Our faith and our community is under attack, and there are so many people who profit handsomely from demonizing us and our faith. In the Middle East, this "centuries-old conflict" between Sunnis and Shias is threatening to tear apart the very fabric of the Muslim communities who live there. If we can't change what is happening over there, then the very least we can do is not emulate the madness.
We must heed the call of our Lord who says, "Verily, [O you who believe in Me,] this community of yours is one single community, since I am the Lord of you all: worship, then, Me [alone]! (21:92) We are all Muslims, and we need to come together as one. There are forces that want us to fight one another, for their own interest and benefit. We should never let them win.
Editor's Note: Hesham A. Hassaballa is a Chicago doctor and writer. He has written extensively on a freelance basis, being published in newspapers across the country and around the world. His articles have been distributed worldwide by Agence Global, and Dr. Hassaballa has appeared as a guest on WTTW (Channel 11) in Chicago, CNN, Fox News, BBC, and National Public Radio. The views expressed here are his own.
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