text:
Q: How to measure cluster quality with distance matrix? When performing clustering with an algorithm such as K-means, it's possible to construct a plot that shows the intra cluster variability according to the number of clusters to see if there is an elbow that suggest an optimal number of clusters.
However, when working with a dissimilarity matrix (with all values in the range 0-1), it's not so obvious how to measure the quality of clusters obtained. Suppose I had a dataset with a mixture of numerical, categorical and ordinal variables, so I couldn't calculate the loss function with which K-means works, for example.
In this case, I can run K-medoids or hierarchical clustering, but how can I produce some metric that could suggest the number of clusters, analog to the inter/intra variability of algorithms that work with only numeric data?

A: If you read the section on internal cluster validation in Wikipedia, you will learn about a dozen measures for evaluation that require paiwise distances. E.g.

*

*Silhouette index

*Dunn's index

*Davids-Bouldin

and many more.
On the other hand, none of them has me really convinced yet.

A: I would suggest you to model your data as a graph and then use graph clustering algorithms and metrics to get what you want. A normalised (dis)similarity matrix is equivalent to the adjacency matrix of a complete, weighted, undirected graph. If you empirically set a threshold to that matrix (below which all values will become zero) you can also add a structure to that graph. For a given partition of the graph, the modularity metric will quantify the total strength of its clusters, therefore by maximising that metric you can get the optimal community structure (data clustering). An exact solution to modularity optimisation is a NP-hard problem but there are many (meta)heuristic packages that do the task. Once you've clustered your graph you can isolate clusters into subgraph and quantify their individual strength using graph metrics such as weighted degree centrality.
Unfortunately there is no package (that I know of) that can automate the adjacency matrix creation since finding the optimal threshold is a manual process. However, once you have that matrix, R and Mathematica have great packages to do the rest.

A: You can produce the metric using e.g. the cluster.stats function of fpc R package, and have a look at the metrics it offers.
The function computes several cluster quality statistics based on the distance matrix put as the function argument, e.g. silhouette width, G2 index (Baker & Hubert 1975), G3 index (Hubert & Levine 1976).
Example use case:
library(fpc)
data(data_ratio)
d <- dist.GDM(data_ratio)
p <- pam(d, 5, diss = TRUE)
c = cluster.stats(d = d,
                  p$clustering,
                  silhouette = TRUE, G2 = TRUE, G3 = TRUE)
c$avg.silwidth
c$g2
c$g3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


It's been said that it takes two to make a thing go right. Perhaps it is also true that it takes two to make it out of sight.
If there is just a single hand clapping (and can you really say that it is clapping at all if there is no second hand?), then the sound is a nearly inaudible swishing sound.
And if there are two hands clapping, well, the sound is pretty clearly 1/2 of aggregate 'slapping' sound that a typical hand clap makes.
It's not really that complicated, is it?


The internal storage refers, in a smartphone, to the memory chip, which is tightly connected with the rest of the smartphones hardware and can not be removed. That said, the internal storage is the direct opposite of the external storage.
The specification of the manufacturer, e.g. 16 Gigabyte, is based, like for other storage devices such as hard drives for the computer, on a calculation with 1000. That means, that the manufacturer assumes, that the conversion rate of, e.g., one Kilobyte is 1000 Bytes. Based on that assumption, 16 Gigabyte would mean, that there're 16 000 000 000 Bytes available. However, computer systems calculates with the binary unit, instead of the decimal (1000) one, 1024, which means that 1 Kilo-Byte are 1024 bytes instead of 1000. Based on the binary calculation, a 16 Gigabyte internal storage effectively provides only 14.9 Gigabyte of storage.
The available storage does not hold the user-generated data, only, but also all other data which is required for the system to operate normally. Therefore the storage is normally split into multiple different partitions (over 40, depending of the device). These system components include, but are not limited to, the android system itself, the bootloader, recovery and other firmware-components (AMSS / Baseband / Modem / Phone), the cache etc. These storage components can not be touched and modified by the user (directly) and can not be used to save user-generated data, like images or music. The partition, which is meant to be changed by the user by installing apps or creating images, is the /data partition. Depending on the device, the /data partition can, based on a 16 Gigabyte (14.9 Gigabyte) internal storage, vary between 10 and 12 Gigabyte of available storage.
The partition, which can be changed by the user, (/data) is mainly used to hold data of installed apps and user-generated data like images and music. This, however, includes, apart from the installation files of apps, the private data generated by these apps. Private means, that, on a device, which is not changed, e.g. rooted, the Android system guarantees that only the app, which is creating the data, is able to access this data, no app, as well as the user, can access the data of another app. The user can normally not manage the data saved by apps, except if the app provides settings to control how the storage is used. The only storage area, which can be fully controlled by the user (creating, renaming, deleting and moving data) is /data/media/0 (where 0 is something like an ID of the currently logged in user, if another user is created on the device, he will get /data/media/1 etc.). This storage is mounted separatedly at /storage/emulated/ and is handled by the system like any other (external) attached SD card and is therefore sometimes refered to as internal sd card or internal storage.
The internal storage is mostly a NAND-(Flash-)Chip, some time back it would be refered to as a ROM later as an EEPROM.
Since Android 6000!6.0 "Marshmallow" it's possible to use an external SD card in two different modes, either in a portable mode (which was the only mode before) or in the adoptable storage mode.
In the portable mode, the SD card will be mounted at it's own mount point under /storage/ using an ID of the SD card, e.g. /storage/CE5C-0252/. With that, the user can save and read data from the external storage, apps, on the other hand, will normally use the internal storage to save data and can not read from the external sd card, except when the user explicitly allows access to it. This mode can be compared to the use of external storage devices at computers, where the media is also recognized as it's own drive.
In contrast to that, the adoptable storage mode tries to solve exactly that problem. Instead of providing two different storage mount points, where the user always has to ask himself, if the data is now saved on the internal or external storage, in this mode, the external storage device is used as part of the internal storage. As a preparation for that, the SD Card has to be formetted to be used as internal storage. Data, saved on the sd card, can, after formatting the sd card to be used as internal storage, only be read from the Android device and not from any other device anymore as they'll find a non-functioning file system. Furthermore, Android expect the SD card to be present at any time and will not functioning correct anymore, if the sd card is removed. However, the advantage for the user is, that the external sd card will be fully used as internal storage. The device will not have two different storage areas anymore, but onyl one, the internal storage. Effectively, in this mode, the internal storage will be increased by the size of the external storage. The option to use the sd card as internal storage can be found in the settings -> "Storage" -> sdcard1 (or the name of the storage device listed unter "mobile storage") -> (the native Android file manager will be opened) menu -> storage settings -> Format as internal storage.
↑ Why do they say this is a 16gb phone when its only 10gb?
↑ Let's clear up the confusion regarding storage in Android once and for all, including adoptable storage in Marshmallow. • r/Android.
↑ How to Set Up a New SD Card in Android for Extra Storage.
This page was last edited on 30 April 2018, at 21:26.


text:
class MunicipiosController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_municipio, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /municipios
  # GET /municipios.json
  def index
    @municipios = Municipio.all
    @proveedors = Provider.all
    @obras = Obra.all
  end

  # GET /municipios/1
  # GET /municipios/1.json
  def show
  end

  # GET /municipios/new
  def new
    @municipio = Municipio.new
  end

  # GET /municipios/1/edit
  def edit
  end

  # POST /municipios
  # POST /municipios.json
  def create
    @municipio = Municipio.new(municipio_params)

    respond_to do |format|
      if @municipio.save
        format.html { redirect_to @municipio, notice: 'Municipio was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render action: 'show', status: :created, location: @municipio }
      else
        format.html { render action: 'new' }
        format.json { render json: @municipio.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  def showProv
    @municipio = Municipio.find(params[:id])
    @prov = Provider.where(:municipio_id => params[:id])
  end

  def showObra
    @municipio = Municipio.find(params[:id])
    @obras = Obra.where(:municipio_id => params[:id])
  end

  def showLicita
    @municipio = Municipio.find(params[:id])
    @obras = Obra.where(:municipio_id => params[:id])

  end

  # PATCH/PUT /municipios/1
  # PATCH/PUT /municipios/1.json
  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @municipio.update(municipio_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @municipio, notice: 'Municipio was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { head :no_content }
      else
        format.html { render action: 'edit' }
        format.json { render json: @municipio.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  # DELETE /municipios/1
  # DELETE /municipios/1.json
  def destroy
    @municipio.destroy
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { redirect_to municipios_url }
      format.json { head :no_content }
    end
  end

  private
    # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
    def set_municipio
      @municipio = Municipio.find(params[:id])
    end

    # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
    def municipio_params
      params.require(:municipio).permit(:name)
    end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Calculate size of rectangle when canvas changes aspect ratio I have a desktop application that shows a virtual representation of the user's screen. The ratio of the canvas inside my application does not match the ratio of the user's screen.

Inside my application the user can add a rectangle shaped section on the screen. When the rectangle is added, the default size on the actual desktop is 450x300. So I need to resize the rectangle in the virtual desktop to reflect that.
So I can't simply do this:
double virtualRectWidth = VirtualResolutionX / (RealResolutionX / 450);
double virtualRectHeight = virtualRectWidth / (RealResolutionX / RealResolutionY);

The aspect ratio would not match.
How do I adjust the size of the virtual rectangle?

A: If you wan to account for all the possible options (real height/width bigger/smaller than virtual height/width) and to make sure that the best configuration is delivered (the rescaling occurs such that the available space is maximised), it is not so straightforward. The code below accounts for all the eventualities:
double safeRatio = 0.95; //Avoiding identical height/width
double heightWidthRatio = virtualRectHeight / virtualRectWidth; //450 / 300
double diffWidth = safeRatio * realRectWidth - virtualRectWidth;
double diffHeight = safeRatio * realRectHeight - virtualRectHeight;
double virtualRectWidth_final = virtualRectWidth;
double virtualRectHeight_final = virtualRectHeight;

if (diffWidth <= 0 && diffHeight <= 0) //virtualRectWidth >= safeRatio*realRectWidth and virtualRectHeight >= safeRatio*realRectHeight
{
    int counterDec = 10;
    if(Math.Abs(diffWidth) > Math.Abs(diffHeight))
    {
         virtualRectWidth_final = safeRatio * realRectWidth + counterDec;
         do
         {
              virtualRectWidth_final = safeRatio * realRectWidth - counterDec;
              virtualRectHeight_final = virtualRectWidth_final * heightWidthRatio;
         } while(virtualRectHeight_final > safeRatio * realRectHeight);
    }
    else
    {
         virtualRectHeight_final = safeRatio * realRectHeight + counterDec;
         do
         {
              virtualRectHeight_final = safeRatio * realRectHeight - counterDec;
              virtualRectWidth_final = virtualRectHeight_final / heightWidthRatio;
         } while(virtualRectWidth_final > safeRatio * realRectWidth);
    }
}
else if (diffWidth <= 0) //virtualRectWidth >= safeRatio*realRectWidth
{
    virtualRectWidth_final = safeRatio * realRectWidth;
    virtualRectHeight_final = virtualRectWidth_final * heightWidthRatio;
    if (virtualRectHeight_final >= safeRatio * realRectHeight)
    {
        virtualRectHeight_final = safeRatio * realRectHeight;
        virtualRectWidth_final = virtualRectHeight_final / heightWidthRatio;
    }
}
else if (diffHeight <= 0) //virtualRectHeight >= safeRatio*realRectHeight
{
    virtualRectHeight_final = safeRatio * realRectHeight;
    virtualRectWidth_final = virtualRectHeight_final / heightWidthRatio;
    if (virtualRectWidth_final >= safeRatio * realRectWidth)
    {
        virtualRectWidth_final = safeRatio * realRectWidth;
        virtualRectHeight_final = virtualRectWidth_final * heightWidthRatio;
    }
}
else //virtualRectWidth < safeRatio*realRectWidth && virtualRectHeight < safeRatio*realRectHeight
{
    if (diffWidth < diffHeight)
    {
        virtualRectHeight_final = virtualRectWidth_final * heightWidthRatio;
    }
    else
    {
        virtualRectWidth_final = virtualRectHeight_final / heightWidthRatio;
    }
}

The final values are given by virtualRectWidth_final and virtualRectHeight_final. With a bit of work, you might reduce the size of the code but what matters here is the result and well... I have done enough just to answer your question.


Because we update our offerings to bring you refreshing culinary discoveries, please call if your heart is set on a specific item to ensure its availability! Menu varies by location. For your local restaurant menu click below.
*While supplies last. Menus vary by location. Click here to view your locations menu.
For all who share in our love for fresh healthy food, we give you the freedom to create your own unique meal; Choose from an abundance of freshly cut veggies, proteins and grains.


text:
Charles Eversfield (15 September1683 – 1749) of Denne Place, near Horsham, Sussex, was a British Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1705 and 1747.

Early life
Eversfield was the only son. of Nicholas Eversfield of Charlton Court, near Steyning, Sussex and his wife, Elizabeth Gildridge, daughter of Nicholas Gildridge of Eastbourne, Sussex. In 1684, he succeeded to the estates of his father. He married  Mary Duncombe, daughter of Henry Duncombe of Weston, Surrey on 21 July 1702.

Career

In 1695, Eversfield inherited the estate of Denne from his uncle Anthony Eversfield and with it an electoral interest at Horsham.  As soon as he came of age, he successfully contested Horsham at the 1705 English general election, being   listed as a 'Churchman'. He was relatively inconspicuous in his first Parliament but voted against the Court candidate for Speaker on 25 October 1705. He was returned again for Horsham, as a Tory at the 1708 British general election. He acted as a teller on 8 March 1709 against the election of Thomas Meredyth for Midhurst and voted against the impeachment of Dr Sacheverell in 1710. At the 1710 British general election, he was returned for both Horsham and for Sussex and chose to sit for Sussex. In this Parliament he was one of the spokesmen for the October Club. He obtained a place as Paymaster and treasurer of Ordnance in 1712. He was returned again at the 1713 but lost  his place as Paymaster on George I's accession in 1714.

At the  1715 British general election, he was defeated at Sussex  and was unseated on petition at  Horsham on 16 June 1715. He was therefore left without a seat. He came to an agreement with his opponents, the Ingrams, to share the representation of Horsham and  he was returned there unopposed at a by-election on 12 June 1721. He was returned for Horsham at the 1722 British general election and went over to the Government. He spoke for them in an army debate on 26 October 1722. He was returned again For Horsham in 1727 and 1734. He then voted regularly with the government and helped the Duke of Newcastle in county elections.  In 1737 he sold his burgages at Horsham to the Ingrams, and in 1741  was returned as MP for  Steyning, continuing to vote with the Government. He was classed as an Old Whig in 1746, and did not stand in 1747.

Later life and legacy
Eversfield  made a second marriage on 9 August 1731, to Henrietta Maria Lady Jenkinson, widow of Sir Robert Jenkinson, 3rd Baronet and daughter of Charles Scarborough of Windsor, Berkshire. He died on 17 June 1749 leaving a son and four daughters by his first wife and two illegitimate daughters. His eldest son Charles succeeded to a baronetcy created for Henry Fermor.

References

1683 births
1749 deaths
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
British MPs 1710–1713
British MPs 1713–1715
British MPs 1715–1722
British MPs 1722–1727
British MPs 1727–1734
British MPs 1734–1741
British MPs 1741–1747

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


There are some harsh truths you'd rather not face, like what you really look like eating a turkey drumstick, or how you sound while you sleep. Similarly, how many hours you spend on Facebook and Instagram is a potentially shame-inducing data point that for years you've had no real way to assess. But today, Facebook has been widely—and quietly—rolling out a tool that lets you measure how much time you spend using both the Facebook and Instagram apps.
Though Facebook detailed both features in August, they're still not fully baked at launch. The Facebook tool in particular has serious limitations, the most glaring of which is that it doesn't factor in desktop usage at all. You can't even access it other than in the app. The Instagram and Facebook tools also don't tally your total usage across devices. The numbers in the bar graph indicate only how much time you spend on Facebook or Instagram on that single device.
Still, for heavy Facebook app users, the tool should give a good sense of how much time you've sacrificed to the social network. The tool nudges you to take more control over your Facebook experience. Below the bar graph is the bolded suggestion to "Manage Your Time," followed by links to your preferences menu for the News Feed and your friends list, from which you can supposedly tell the algorithm to show you more photos and less news, or vice versa, or to see more of certain friends and less of others. (Sorry, Janet.) On Instagram, you get the option to change your notifications. Which you should! You don't need push alerts for likes on Instagram.
The most potentially disruptive and annoying—but helpful—new feature for both apps is a timer you can set, which Facebook politely calls a "Daily Reminder." Tell the app how long you think it's healthy for you to be on Facebook or Instagram, and it'll nudge you to sign off once you reach that limit.
Though Facebook detailed both features in August, they're still not fully baked at launch.
While Facebook's digital wellness measures are welcome, it's also industry standard at this point. This year, all the social media and the big consumer tech companies (with the notable exception of Twitter) have rolled out similar transparency tools, all with the goal of helping people reclaim their time and use their phones and apps less. As a nod to the "Time Well Spent" movement, these companies that became internationally dominant by addicting people to their infinite scrolls have admitted that maybe possibly spending hours staring at our phones doesn't bring people joy.
If you use Facebook or Instagram on iOS or a Pixel, you can compare your Facebook's reporting numbers with those of your Screen Time and Digital Well Being reports, which track how long you spend on individual apps. Before these native tools, apps like Moment tracked your phone use for you.


text:
Improving India's Higher Education System
January 19, 2019	Commentary 1 Views
AMIT KAPOOR
Both, China and India started building their national education systems under comparable conditions in the late 1940s. Different policies and historical circumstances have, however, led them to different educational outcomes, with China outperforming India not just in terms of its percentage of literate population and enrollment rates at all levels of education, but also in terms of number of world-class institutions in higher education and greater research output.
China Vs India
The roots of China's successful education system date back to the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), which unintentionally expanded access to the primary education through democratising the schooling system, which was previously elitist in character, thus addressing the problem of mass illiteracy. In contrast, India continued to focus on its higher education system since independence and only realised the importance of basic education in 1986, keeping it behind China and many other countries in Asia in educational development. In terms of enrollment, China reached a 100 per cent gross enrollment rate (GER) in its primary education in 1985, whereas India attained that level only in 2000.
In terms of secondary school enrollment, India and China both started at similar rates in 1985, with about 40 per cent of their population enrolled in secondary schools. However, due to a wider base of primary school students, the rate of increase in China has been much faster than in India, with 99 per cent secondary enrollment rate in China and 79 per cent in India in 2017. India is closing in on the Chinese rate in terms of access to education, but on the literacy level front, there is a huge gap in the percentage of literate populations in the two countries. In the age group of 15-24 years, India scores 104th rank on literacy and numeracy indicator compared to China's 40th rank.
The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), which assesses after every three years the domain knowledge of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics, science and finance, revealed that students in China performed above the OECD average in 2015. Moreover, one in four students in China is a top performer in mathematics, having an ability to formulate complex situations mathematically. Further, China outperforms all the other participating countries in financial literacy, by having a high ability to analyse complex finance products. For India, the comparable data is not available, as it was not a participating country in PISA 2015. However, in India, the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2017 provides data for rural youth, aged 14-18, with respect to their abilities to lead productive lives as adults. According to this survey, only about half of the 14-year-old children in the sample could read English sentences, and more than half of the students surveyed could not do basic arithmetic operations like division. For basic financial calculations such as managing a budget or making a purchase decision, less than two-thirds could do the correct calculations.
Recognition for varsities
With regard to the higher education system, both India and China dominate the number of tertiary degree holders because of their large population size, but when it comes to the percentage of the population holding tertiary degrees, only about 10 per cent and 8 per cent of the population possess university degrees in China and India, respectively. By contrast, in Japan, almost 50 per cent of the population holds a tertiary degree, and in the United States, 31 per cent of the population holds a tertiary degree.
In terms of international recognition of universities, the Times Higher Education (THE) World University Ranking for 2019 places seven of China's universities in the top 200 compared to none for India. The global university rankings, which are based on various performance metrics, pertaining to teaching, research, citations, international outlook and industrial income, shows progress for several of China's low-ranked universities, largely driven by improvements in citations. In fact, the Tsinghua University has overtaken the National University of Singapore (NUS) to become the best university in Asia due to improvements in its citations, institutional income and increased share of international staff, students and co-authored publications.
While India has progressed in terms of massification of education, there is still a lot that needs to be done when it comes to catching up with China's educational outcomes. China's early start in strengthening its primary and secondary education systems has given it an edge over India in terms of higher education. Moreover, Chinese government strategies are designed in line with the criterion used in major world university rankings, especially emphasis is on the two factors which weigh heavily in the rankings – publications and international students. The relentless publications drive, which is very evident in China, is weak in India and has led to a growing gap in the number of publications contributed by the two countries. Further, China enrolled about 2,92,611 foreign students in 2011 from 194 countries, while India currently only has 46,144 foreign students enrolled in its higher education institutions, coming from 166 countries. The large number of international enrollments in China is a reflection of its state policies granting high scholarships to foreign students.
To catch up with China, India needs to lay emphasis on improving its educational outcomes. Massification drive for education has helped India raise its student enrollments, but a lot needs to be done when it comes to global recognition for its universities. Further, it needs to focus on building the foundation skills which are acquired by students at the school age, poor fundamental skills flow through the student life, affecting adversely the quality of education system. IANS
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Should I use Wordpress or Joomla?
I want to rebuild a website and move its content onto a CMS. Site is currently hand-coded.
I know Joomla is more sophisticated and I think Wordpress is simpler to use. But I don't know which one is the best for me.
The goal is to develop, extend the site (which is a blog-like site) and add more complex features to it, to modify the design/layout/template and I also need the best security (against hacking).
So: should I choose Joomla or Wordpress? And why?
I prefer WordPress, as Ease of use is a strong point of WordPress and one of the main reason for its success. Setup is quick and easy and called the 5-minute install for a reason.
Both the CMS's are best for blogging and content publishing. You can opt for anyone but as per my opinion, WordPress is best than Joomla and it fits well with any platform. Technical wise, WordPress is easy to operate and offers many functions than Joomla. So, I give the node to WordPress.
MilesWeb - Your Hosting, Our Responsibility!!!
My suggestion is WordPress is better.


Good news! Netflix is continuing its annual tradition of making New Year's Eve a little bit easier for parents.
The streaming service is offering 10 New Year's Eve countdown videos that will help get kids to sleep early. The process is simple: Parents can show their kids one of the on-demand countdown videos at any point in the night, effectively tricking them into thinking they reached midnight and letting them ring in the celebration on their own time.
"Netflix is all about giving members the freedom to decide when and how to watch, and the New Year's Eve Countdowns do just that," Netflix's Director of Kids Content, Andy Yeatman, told The Huffington Post.
Tricking your kids into thinking it's midnight may feel wrong to some parents, but look at it this way ― it's midnight somewhere.
You can find the countdowns by searching "Countdowns" on Netflix, starting Wednesday.


Search Results - "San Juan (Argentina)"
Publications search: "San Juan (Argentina)"
Frosts constitute a main hazard for most of the Argentine olive growing area. As a component of a feasibility assessment, financed by the Argentine Federal Investment Council (CFI) to introduce olive growing in southern Argentina (Neuquén), a microclimatological study of the frost regime in 3760 ha was conducted. The field occupies a band, with moderate gradient, which runs between the limit of the Patagonian plateau and the Neuquén River that flows in the lower part of a narrow valley, thus allowing cold air to drain, mitigating frost intensity. To evaluate frost hazard, a meteorological automatic station with capacity to transmit data, and 30 registering temperature sensors were installed, making observations from March to November 2010. Those registers were correlated with data from two neighbor climate stations, reconstructing the local series for the 2001-2010 decade. Those reconstructed data were introduced in a model developed taking as a basis the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction of NOAA) Climate Forecast System Reanalysis a downscaling process was carried on, for a 2.5 by 2.5 m grid, covering the area in study to a high degree of resolution. Maps of mean value, beginning, end and duration of the annual periods with temperatures equal or less than 0, -1, -3, -7, -10 and -12°C, were elaborated. For all thermal levels, it was observed that the lower portions of the fields are prone to suffer longer lasting and more intense frosts, making evident the importance of two main microclimate factors: (a) upper portion of the area, higher wind speed, impedes air stratification avoiding the thermal inversion necessary for radiation frost development; and (b) lower portions of the field, cold air drainage ads to thermal loss increasing cooling. Those criteria allowed dividing the field in sub-areas with different levels of frost hazard.
Keywords: Olea europea L.; Frost; topography; Low temperature; Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica; Ciencias Biológicas; CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS.
Authors: Cellino, A.; Gil Hutton, Ricardo Alfredo; Dell'Oro, A.; Bendjoya, Ph.; Cañada Assandri, Marcela Inés; Di Martino, M.
We present a new calibration of the geometric albedo versus linear polarization relation for the asteroids. We use the classical relation logpv=C1logh+C2, where p V is the geometric albedo and h is the slope of the phase-polarization curve. We have obtained new values for the C 1 and C 2 coefficients and their nominal uncertainties, by means of dedicated polarimetric observations of a number of asteroids for which the albedo is supposed to be known with good accuracy [Shevchenko and Tedesco. Icarus 2006;184:211-220]. The new calibration proposed in this paper represents the state of the art based on currently available data. However, the uncertainties on the derived calibration coefficients are still not negligible, and we suggest that alternative forms of the albedo-polarization relation should be explored in the future, possibly based on a bigger data set of polarimetric measurements.
Keywords: ASTEROIDS; GEOMETRIC ALBEDO; POLARIMETRY; Astronomía; Ciencias Físicas; CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS.
Here we describe a new cosmocercid nematode, Aplectana nebulosa sp. nov., from the small and large intestines of Pleurodema nebulosum (Anura: Leptodactylidae), from the Monte desert of San Juan, Argentina. The new species belongs to the Aplectana group that possesses a gubernaculum and unpaired adcloacal papilla anteriorly to cloaca. It resembles A. membranosa, A. paraelenae and A. travassosi by the presence of four adcloacal papillae, but differs from those species by the following characters: number and arrangement of precloacal papillae; number and arrangement of postcloacal papillae; shape and size of spicules and gubernaculum, and by the presence of lateral alae in caudal region of males. The description of the new species is based on light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and we also provide a key to Neotropical species of Aplectana.
Keywords: NEMATODE PARASITE; AMPHIBIANS; SAN JUAN PROVINCE; ARGENTINA; Otras Ciencias Biológicas; Ciencias Biológicas; CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS.
A new species of bufonid frog, Rhinella bernardoi sp. nov., belonging to the granulosa group, is described from moderately high elevation (1400 m) at Ischigualasto Provincial Park, San Juan, Argentina. The morphology of the new species is compared to and diagnosed from other closely related species of the same group (R. bergi, R. fernandezae, and R. granulosa). We also describe the osteology of the skull and the vertebral column of the new species and present data on its geographic distribution and natural history.
Keywords: ARGENTINA; RHINELLA SP. NOVA; SAN JUAN; BUFONIDAE; Zoología, Ornitología, Entomología, Etología; Ciencias Biológicas; CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS.


in the life of internet there are many facility available for them whose like make friend. the online chat facility is very good facility. we updates with our friend also our nearest person. facebook, twitter and many sites provide facility due to this we are link with ours. we can also share our photos, document, video. we also use for our profesion and we can also increase our business through these sites. so we can say that there are advantage of these sites.


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"Log Hours" update! - New volunteer assignment choices
On May 23, 2019 in General, Literature Community, Textbook Community, Volunteer by Paula Restrepo
There have been some new updates to the Volunteer Portal. From this week onwards, when you visit the Log Hours page and log on to add your volunteer hours, there will some changes to the list of volunteer assignments. So when you click on [Post your hours] or go to the Time Sheet tab, the drop-down menu that gives options to the question "Which assignment did you serve in?", will have slightly different assignment names. Please check out these changes below:
Listener is now Literature Listener.
Narrator is now Literature Narrator.
QA/Catalog Review is now Literature QA/ Catalog Review.
Checker is now Textbook Checker.
Checker in the VHOC is now Textbook VHOC Checker.
Project Guidelines is now Textbook Pre- Production.
Reader is now Textbook Reader.
TOCTool is now Textbook Pre- Production.
Training Support is now Textbook Training Support.
These changes should make it easier to select the correct community and assignment, and we hope this will (in a small way) improve your experience at Learning Ally. If there are any questions or concerns with these changes, please contact Volunteer@LearningAlly.org. As always, we appreciate all the effort that you put into creating Learning Ally audiobooks!
The Volunteer Nation Community Portal: Our Volunteer Nation Home
On April 29, 2019 in General, Literature Community, Textbook Community, Training, Volunteer by Dave Kozemchak
The Volunteer Nation Community Portal is so much more than a place to log our volunteer hours. It is our Volunteer Nation Home. We encourage you all to make this your home. A place to visit anytime, it's also a great place to visit before starting your work. After exploring, there are links out to both the Textbook project sites as well as the Literature Community Portal to find your projects.
Come check out the blogs. You'll find stories about the students and schools that we are helping. Get to know some of your volunteer peers, learn why they volunteer and what they're up to outside of Learning Ally. Find statistics about all the students you are helping. Use this information to help spread the word. Remember to brag to your friends and families about the great things you do through volunteering.
There is a Resource link that will take you to some great training and support information, including documents and videos.
Visit the Support link to find answers to FAQs. Your question not answered? You'll find instructions there on how to connect to our Volunteer Support team. They are available to provide one-on-one help with your questions, ideas, and problems.
You'll also find our Recognition page. In addition to the volunteers recognized here, we want you all to know your great generosity has had a profound and lasting impact on our students. Thank you all!
From the Training Center: What's VHOC?
On April 2, 2019 in Textbook Community, Training, Volunteer by Russell Collins
Hello all! Our Storyteller course has taken off, and more volunteers are donating more hours to our at-home programs than ever before! If you're a Textbook volunteer wishing to show off your performer's voice, or a Storyteller volunteer looking to demonstrate your subject mastery, check out the Textbook or Literature communities on the Volunteer portal to learn more.
What is the VHOC?
We mention the Volunteer Hands-On Center at a few points in our training, but we still have questions about how it fits into the training program. The VHOC serves as an apprenticeship. There just isn't enough time (or patience) for us to cover all of the content you'll encounter in book projects, so you need to do some on-the-job learning and the VHOC is where you'll get that exposure but with more supervision.
While working in the VHOC you'll be limited to checking the reading of other volunteers. This serves several purposes:
More modeling of good and bad reading: The samples and examples in the training program are brief slices, and some errors can only be recognized as a part of larger projects. You'll be the first line of defense against errors in your work, so you need to recognize problems in anyone's work.
Broader exposure to reading conventions: Not only are there many more particular rules and standards than we can cover in the brief lessons on reading conventions, the infinite variety of books means we often need to make judgment calls in how we apply them. Seeing more examples of the conventions in the application helps you internalize the lessons.
Building your schedule: The training lessons can be finished in a couple of hours but book production requires dedicating hours of your time on a regular schedule. While working in the VHOC you can make sure you can be available as needed for volunteering.
VHOC book projects are the same book projects you'll find in the catalog of the Textbook community. The difference is that you'll use a request form, so the staff knows what work you'll be doing and you'll end each of your volunteer sessions by filling out a form to notify them of your progress. They'll have another volunteer take a QA pass through your work and offer feedback. (Once you graduate from the VHOC and join the Textbook community you'll be allowed to sign up for your own projects and there's no immediate follow-up checking on your checking work.)
As you demonstrate your abilities and knowledge, the staff of the VHOC will need to give you less advice and you'll gain more independence. Soon after that, you'll be allowed to train for reading, and maybe even become a peer mentor to other trainees new to volunteering with Learning Ally.
Congratulations Training Grads
Textbook Course: Thomas S., John G., Jane S., John K., Jaime H., Nicole M., Clara H., Suchetas B., Donna L-J., Qamara B., T.A. N., Leslie G., Cindy S., Christina J., Lorraine L.
Storyteller Course: Sayafiq B., Demetrius M., Alice C., Terri B., Angela J., Suzanna L., Lakshmi B., Natalia E., Erica H., Kenye A., Debbie R., Christine D., Carman W., Mary B., Elizabeth B., John T. T., Victoria S., Rowena P., Grace I., Nichalia S., Mak S., Nicole C., Stephanie S., Maria D., Elizabeth VK., Heidi B., Janet S., Sarah F., Brendan S., Ryan K., Jonathan M., Marion H., Mike Patrick M., Doug B., Christina J., J.K. M., Wallis T., Maggie, Sarah L., Rebecca U.
Tech Talk - How Do We Read Computer and Programming Books?
On March 30, 2019 in Textbook Community by Sarah Klipper
Learning Ally provides audio for a wide range of textbooks - from Music History to Economics to French Grammar to Geometry to Biochemistry! We have several specialized sub-fields within our Instructional Textbooks. Today, we'll be taking an inside look at our Science & Technology Community, with our small but powerful Computer and Programming group.
What are these computer books all about?
Our Computer Science projects can be broken down into three main categories. The most common books are those that teach students how to use computer programs like Microsoft Word, Excel, AutoCAD, and more. Every now and then, we'll get one or two books dealing with IT or computer service and repair. Finally, some of our more challenging projects are books on programming and markup languages like HTML, Java, and C++.
Help! How do I read "⌘"?*
These Computer Skills and Programming books come with their own special challenges. How do we read a page full of program code? When do we use "hashtag" versus "pound"? You might be surprised to learn that there is actually a lot we don't read in these projects. Most of our members are fully sighted, and many more have some usable vision. We don't describe computer screenshots or read all of the punctuation in code. Our job is to focus on the textual detail, so that the students can focus on what they're good at - thinking through code structure and building their tech skills.
Our staff members can answer many questions, but we often rely on our expert volunteers as much as our own specialized knowledge and research skills. I'm Sarah Klipper, our Computer and Programming Text Lead. I work with our Science & Technology Lead, Christine Hoffman, on everyday problems and tricky questions in our Science & Tech projects. To better deal with quirky computer lingo, I developed our Computer and Code Guidelines following Christine's and the Science volunteers' work on the Science Terms and Conventions as a guide. I'm grateful to have plenty of help with these Guidelines from our programmer volunteers, who know how some of these arcane terms are used in the classroom and in professional circles.
Google Hangouts are a big help with this kind of group collaboration; our Computer/Code Chat Group has been absolutely invaluable as we help each other figure out pronunciations and usage of coding syntax. Many thanks go to Ev Tate, Joseph "Old Joe" Clark, Ann Bouchard, and Kim Dauber for their contributions in this chat and various project Hangouts. Many thanks also to volunteer alumnus (and Staff husband) Michael Klipper for his help with Computer Science concepts.
Want to learn more about computers but too scared to try? We're here to help… and if we don't have the answer, we can help you find one. ;-)
*That ⌘ symbol is the Command key on a Macintosh computer.
Team Project Site
On March 22, 2019 in Textbook Community by Audrey Santos
As our Instructional Production team begins to position ourselves for growth, we are piloting some new opportunities for increased involvement with our volunteers. One of these new pilots includes our Project Guidelines Pilot, known also as "Team Project Site".
Staff has been working to create our structure and processes to include:
Step by step procedures for creating project guidelines.
Creating a library of Project Guideline templates; organized by publisher.
Training and working closely with volunteers on the creation of our project guidelines.
New structure to our current Project Guidelines.
Thank you to Team Project Site member Susan Wilson, who has been the first brave soul to start this pilot and has been doing great! With Susan's help, we have already added over twenty new projects to our Upper Instructional Community.
We'd like to welcome new member Kathy Cummings to Team Project Site. She is currently working with Upper Instructional, but will soon be joining the Lower Instructional group.
Here are some great new features in our Project Guidelines to keep an eye out for:
If you are interested in joining our Project Guidelines please reach out to Audrey in your Staff Hangout. Once again, thanks for all you do!!!
Team TOCTool, At Your Service!
On February 22, 2019 in General, Textbook Community, Volunteer, Volunteer Spotlight by Stacie Court
Do you ever wonder how the textbooks make it into EasyBooks? How does THIS:
become THIS?
In the past, only staff, and maybe a very few scattered volunteers, set up books for production. In late 2017, however, Learning Ally created a Pre-Production Community also known as Team TOCTool. Currently, eight dedicated volunteers work on setting up books, using the TOCTool program to transform the information from pdfs into .html files for EasyBooks. TOCToolers serve the community in a very special way, making the recording process easier for the other volunteers, and lightening the load for staff members, who still set up books as well, but now have some relief so they can focus on other tasks.
The requirements of this job are an eye (and love) for detail, some computer ability, regular time to devote to the task, patience, and a PC (sorry, no Macs right now--but we're working on a new version of the program for the future). Going through the pdf page by page, the TOCTooler types in every heading and its placement within the book, creating files along the way. One TOCTooler says, "It's a great way to get to know the books very intimately, and to see ahead of time which books I might like to read or QC."
Caren Snook is one of our most prolific TOCToolers, working steadily to provide the other volunteers with books to work on. Caren first joined the Learning Ally Athens (Georgia) Studio in 1973 and has put in well over 5,000 hours (not including undocumented hours from the "old days"). Over her 46 years with Learning Ally, Caren has served as a TOCTooler, Reader, Checker, bookmarker, local Board President, events tabler--she's seen it all! Caren says about TOCTool, "The logic is appealing and the attention to detail that is required fits my personality...I really enjoy reading, but my house does not include a good space for that." TOCTooling fits her schedule, and the house doesn't have to be quiet for her to do it.
A former teacher, Caren's love of Learning Ally led her recently to audit classes at the University of Georgia, classes required for the Graduate Certificate in Dyslexia. While attending these classes, Caren had the opportunity to learn more about the needs of our learners, and that knowledge has made her even more focused on excellence in her volunteer work, saying, "...it is incumbent on every volunteer to do his/her best every time...take time to find out the correct pronunciation...to reread the conventions...Recognize that everyone makes occasional errors, and learn from yours...If you aren't feeling well, give yourself a break and take a day off. Our students are depending on you!"
As a team in the last calendar year, the group set up over 200 books for the Textbook Community! Other current members of TeamTOCTool are:
Jaqui Bradley, a former cloistered Franciscan nun and ongoing kitten rescue volunteer who started at the Upland (California) Studio in 2007 and also currently serves as a volunteer mentor in the VHOC.
Jaci Collins, who joined the Austin (Texas) Studio in 1998 and continues to read and QC as well.
Elizabeth DeLaney Hoffman, who joined the Athens Studio in 2015 and also serves as a Volunteer Coordinator.
Pat Lim, a freelance technical writer in the bio-pharmaceutical field who joined the Menlo Park (California) Studio in 2011.
Jim Siewert, a retired Honeywell engineer who started volunteering at the Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Studio in 2004 and whose primary TOCTool focus is books for the Math Community.
Susan Wilson, a former corporate lawyer and current law school instructor who joined the Athens Studio in 2016; Susan not only works on TOCTool but is also helping Audrey Santos pilot a program for volunteers to create project sites (no photo available).
Beira Winter, who first joined the Hollywood (California) Studio in 2000, and besides all of her work for Learning Ally, also helped with her community's float for this year's Rose Bowl Parade.
Think you have what it takes to become a TOCTooler? Team TOCTool is open to any interested volunteer with the desire to try the task. For more information, contact Stacie Court sCourt@LearningAlly.org, or mention joining us in your STAFF Hangout. We'd love to have you on Team TOCTool!
Tagged With: EasyBooks, non-reading opportunities, production, TOCTool, volunteer
On November 2, 2018 in Textbook Community by Eleanor Cotton
Reminder Tip:: If the text is bold, highlighted or in italics, use your voice to highlight it. Pause, say the word, slightly lesser pause, continue reading.


play online with my friends and other poeple who i never known before. This program will help me to communicate with them. then we can plays.
Like an all-powerful Force controlling everything, GameRanger, a free Mac and ... Metal Gear Solid 5: The Phantom Pain review: future legend.
GameRanger is a gaming service which enables users from all over the world to interact with each other and organize multiplayer games.
As if you were in a community site, GameRanger allows you to get in touch with other gamers and play with or against them as it is compatible with more than 600 games. Moreover, thanks to its available chat sessions you will be able to speak with other users and exchange experiences and stories with them.
Besides, it is a very simple software to use as it imitates the aspect of a typical community site, with the classical chat rooms and users searching. However, it comes integrated with unique features such as game rooms or personalized profiles. Users can customize the application too.
As mentioned above, GameRanger supports more or less 600 online games you can play with by yourself or accompanied with the rest of the people that integrates this community. Just join a game room and start playing with them by double-clicking over it. As simple as it is, this program is suitable for all sorts of users; the only requirement is for you to like to play.
Its installation is pretty simple and you will only need to create a user account in order to join and then create your profile so the rest of the members can recognize you. Moreover, it comes integrated with chat rooms for instant messages where you can speak with the rest of the players and exchange with them strategies or tips from the games.
There are different alternatives to GameRanger in terms of communication with other people over the Internet. As an example, we encourage you to check TeamSpeak Server, which enables you to speak through the Internet with other people by using a microphone.
Another possibility SHOUTcast Server, an application that allows you to share the music you have gathered in your computer with your friends and relatives through the Internet by using Winamp Full.
Enjoy an improved experience while playing games by doing it with several people thanks to the community site built by GameRanger.


For a while now, you've been able to add basic tables to your Evernote notes. These tables have never been powerful, and they've always been pretty clunky. But things are starting to change. Very recently, Evernote launched a much-needed update to its tables function, breathing new life into this often overlooked feature.
At the time of writing, these updates are available to all Windows users, but only via a beta version of Evernote for Mac users. If you're a Mac user and want to download the beta version, go to Evernote > Preferences > Software Update > Update to beta versions when available.
First off, Evernote's tables are no replacement for Excel or Google Sheets. These are just tables, not full-blown spreadsheets. Great for displaying and organizing data (including images), but not manipulating data. That means they can't handle formulas. With their new redesign, however, they are less visually dull, and far more intuitive than the old tables — and they have plenty of uses.
With the new redesign, you can now add new columns and rows simply by clicking the dots where you want to expand the table.
You can also drag and drop entire rows and columns to reposition them within the spreadsheet, merge cells, and set background colors.
But that's enough about how to create and customize these tables. That's all pretty easy to figure out. A far more useful question is what can I use these tables for?
The Kanban technique How to Manage Tasks Using Japanese Kanban Technique How to Manage Tasks Using Japanese Kanban Technique Kanban is a Japanese recipe for getting things done. It's an organization technique originally developed for Toyota's production line. We show you how you can implement it for yourself or in your team. Read More is a Japanese productivity system, based around a Kanban board.
A Kanban board is essentially a linear way of managing tasks and projects. On the left is a backlog of tasks that are still to be done. Then, as tasks are tackled and completed, they are moved toward the right, to the corresponding column.
There are plenty of places where you can create Kanban boards Goodbye, Trello! 5 Alternative Free Kanban Board Tools Goodbye, Trello! 5 Alternative Free Kanban Board Tools Trello is an incredible app for project management and organizing your tasks. But there are other kanban apps that could be ideal for your tasks. Let's talk about the best Trello alternatives. Read More for your own projects. But if you already use Evernote, why introduce another app?
The table above is a Kanban board in its most simple form. For your own workflow, you should include whichever, and however many, columns you need.
If you like to keep your to-do list pretty simple, a template like this could serve you well. Keep the list up to date with the task status and priority column. And you can easily re-order the list by dragging and dropping rows to a different location.
If you want a more feature-rich solution including integrations with other apps, reminders, commenting, and tagging, you probably want to look into an app like Todoist, Wunderlist, or Any.do To-Do List App Showdown: Any.do vs Todoist vs Wunderlist To-Do List App Showdown: Any.do vs Todoist vs Wunderlist Some to-do list apps stand head and shoulders above the rest. But how do they compare and which one is best for you? We'll help you find out. Read More .
Although there are feature-rich apps such as Coach.me to help you develop habits How to Use Micro Habits and Spark Massive Personal Change How to Use Micro Habits and Spark Massive Personal Change Creating new habits is hard. Habits are usually built over weeks or months of repetition, and motivation is the challenge. When the going gets tough, micro-habits can be a huge help. Read More , a simple table in Evernote could be all you need.
The table above is just one example that would help you track habits over the course of a week.
If you want something different, check out Evernote's list of calendar templates, which you can download straight to your account. These include weekly, daily, monthly, and yearly calendars, so you've got all your bases covered. All you'd need to do is add checkboxes, as above.
For an easy way to plan out and/or record your workouts, a table like the one below would work.
If you need something much more complex, however, you probably want to use a dedicated app. Alternatively, create your own spreadsheet that can make any calculations you need.
To limit those household arguments, how about creating a simple household chores calendar so everyone knows what they're responsible for?
Once created, you could print this out so everyone can keep it up to date. Or if you're strangely organized, and all of your family use Evernote, too, you could share the chore calendar with everyone so they can access it from their own account.
We've all gone on vacation only to find out we forgot to bring something obvious. To stop this ever happening again, create your own pack list(s). You might just have one master list, or you could create a few for different types of trips: day trips, Winter vacations, weekends getaways, etc.
Split the list into different categories to help you keep everything organized. This also helps to make packing more streamlined, and your vacation more enjoyable How to Turn Your Next Vacation into an Adventure How to Turn Your Next Vacation into an Adventure Adventure is a state of mind. Take a few ideas from here when you want your vacation to be a compromise between new excitements and familiar relaxation. Read More .
Many health professionals agree that creating meal plans in advance can really help you keep up with your healthy eating and weight-loss goals Diet vs. Exercise: What's Better for Quick Weight Loss? Diet vs. Exercise: What's Better for Quick Weight Loss? When you want to lose weight, there are two options Either you can start dieting or start exercising. Ideally, you should do both. But which of the two helps you lose weight faster? Read More .
A simple template like this one offers pretty much everything you need. Photos to get your mouth watering, and links to recipes.
If required, you could also include the nutrient content of meals to help with food intake tracking This Daily Food Tracking Habit Can Transform Your Health This Daily Food Tracking Habit Can Transform Your Health Tracking the food you eat can change your health. Life benefits include losing weight and better sleep. And food tracking isn't tough -- you can do it easily with a few easy tools. Read More .
This is a very broad suggestion, but we all have lists of things we want to keep on top of. From books to read 5 Essential "Best Books" Lists: How Many Have You Read? 5 Essential "Best Books" Lists: How Many Have You Read? "What should I read next?" is the most common question. And so you google for lists of the best books. Find the right list with these resources. Read More and movies to watch, to albums to listen to, and projects to start.
Whatever list it is that you want to keep track of, an Evernote template could help to keep you completely organized.
Use a template like this one to keep track of the hours you've been working each day.
This can really help you to double check that your wage slip at the end of each month is correct.
To help you find out where you're wasting time, and where you could be making improvements in how you spend your day, time tracking is invaluable. It's also fantastic at helping you discover your most productive hours. Or perhaps you just want to track your time to help you bill clients each month.
Whatever your reason for time tracking, for some people, the simpler the solution, the better. Simply collecting data, as above, won't give you too much insight on its own. But it's a great way to record that data. It's then ready to export to another app (such as Excel) when you're ready to drill down and uncover some findings.
If you ever find yourself flailing around, trying desperately to locate the perfect gift for the next birthday celebration, you need a gift ideas list!
Create a list like this, and whenever you come across something you think would be a fantastic present for a specific person, add it next to their name. This way, you'll never run out of gift ideas again!
Organizing an event can be stressful. It's all to easy to find yourself inundated with tasks, things falling behind schedule, and everything collapsing into disarray.
The solution? A checklist, of course.
The checklist above is obviously oversimplified. If you were tackling a wedding, the list would be 10x this size. But the concept works for events of most sizes. Split your tasks into things to do before, during, and after the event, and you can't go far wrong!
What Else Can You Use Evernote Tables For?
Evernote is a powerful tool, with plenty of features Maximize Evernote with 5 Powerful Features Maximize Evernote with 5 Powerful Features With over 100 million users, Evernote is arguably the web's favorite productivity and note-saving tool. We are putting the spotlight on 5 under-appreciated Evernote features and detail their value. Read More to help you store notes about every aspect of your life. And as you start to use Evernote more and more, you'll begin to sort your notes more meticulously The Best Way to Organize Evernote: Use Tags The Best Way to Organize Evernote: Use Tags Is your Evernote a huge mess? We show you a simple tweak that'll help you organize your notes like never before. Read More . This is when the app becomes even more powerful. You're able to pull up highlights of articles you've read online, receipts from years ago, and much more.
On top of those ideas mentioned above, what else do you think Evernote tables could be useful for? And do you think you'll be using them from now on?
Explore more about: Evernote, Habits, Office Templates, Planning Tool, To-Do List.
Can you create a table in Excel or LibreOffice Calc, select a set of cells, and Paste · Special into Evernote?
I have a hobby crafting business and I love using tables for my customer files. I can track my conversations, drop in photos of items I've made for them, cost, shipping date, etc. It makes my customer files look neat and tidy, and I can get all the info I need at a glance. I love the updated look of the tables and I can't wait to use some of the ones that were suggested above!!
The problem with their tables is that they never render/stack properly on mobile. I will have to test these new ones out. I had to make my own that look good on all devices.
They seem to be displaying ok on my iPhone 6. Which phone are you using?
They display just fine on my Galaxy S8+ also.


text:
Arkabutla Farm Mastiffs
Old White English
Brindle Bulldogs
Big Red Bulldogs
OWEPS
American Presa Bandog
Old Farm Bulldogs
SIZE & GENETICS
Catch Dog History
ALAUNT/ALANO
Pit Bulldog
HISTORY of WAR DOGS
The use of white Mastiffs called Alaunt/Alano to guard the herds, and to fight in the arenas, is very ancient....
"Let us now turn to the facts. Ancient Molossis, from which these dogs certainly take their name, is a part of Epirus and is located on the northern west coast of Greece. Today Epirus is part of southern Albania."
FIGHTING DOG BREEDS, Dr Dieter Fleig
The Albanians were Alans, who came from the Caucasus....
"A group called the Alans arrived in eastern Europe five or six century BC to settle what is now Albania, and others arrived in waves around 400 AD."
The Atlas of Dog Breeds of the World
The Molossus or Pugnances of the arenas actually derived from Albania, the land of the Alans....
"The antiquity of such sport is shown in Pliny's account of the Albanian dog that successfully baited the boar, lion, and elephant before Alexander the Great some 300 B.C."
The History of the Mastiff, Wynn, 1886
In167 BC, Rome conqured and enslaved the Molossian peoples. The Alans, however, were Warriors hired by Rome to fight in their battles....
"The Romans made use of steppe nomads in their cavalry. Marcus Aurelius sent 5,500 Alans to Britian, where they guarded Hadrian's Wall. Their fierce Alaunt dogs went with them."
The Mastiffs, The Big Game Hunters
The steppe nomads domesticated the horse and invented the wheel, and introduced Warfare on horse back and chariots (waggons), as well as War Dogs to work along side of horsemen and waggons, to the known world. The Celts used cattle to pull waggons, and their dogs worked along side of these cattle drawn waggons. Thus, the Celtic Wolfhound was developed along the same lines as the Alaunt/Alano....
"By the same custom Alani gives an Alan, or in a secondary sense a cattle dog or mastiff, employed as a guard against the wolf."
OWE is a referance to the ancient Alaunts of Britian, which were imported by Rome, and described by Varro in Epirus of Molossi...
"The author Marius Terentius Varro, who died in the year 27 B.C., reports in his book on agriculture of two kinds of dogs that were bred in this country. The first were hunting dogs and the second large herding dogs, who effectivly protect sheep and goats. From this description of these herding dogs we quote: The lower jaw is undershot. From it grows two teeth, one on the left, the other on the right, which are only slightly exposed...These dogs have large heads and drooping ears, a strong nape and neck...The tail is thick, the bark sonorous, the jaws large; the color usually is white..."
OWE are used to guard farms and to round up cattle....
"It will be seen that the legitimate uses of the mastiff among the Britions were to defend their homes and property, and also to assist in driving cattle, while in times of war they afforded a guard for the women and chariots."
The Alans were Herdsmen/Warriors - the Alaunt/Alano is a Herding/Fighting Dog!!! Logically, the smaller Alaunt/Alano types (APBT) are better suited to Herding or Round Ups and the Pinning of cattle...
"Any thirty pound dog prepared to attack an enraged one ton bull has to be both extraordinarily brave and almost irrationally determined, valuable characteristics but not ones without dangers."
The Mastiffs, The Big Game Hunters, Hanc0ck"
...while the larger size is best suited to Guard Duty...
"In this larger variety, used to guard the doors of the houses of the Britons, and to protect their flocks and herds we can plainly trace the mastiff and its superiority over the true molossus."


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Q: How to concatenate the different row values in to one row in SQL Server I have Table A with columns CompetenceId, Description and Development Action. This is Table A

I have another table B with CompetencyId and Development Action.

As each CompetenceID is having multiple development actions in table B. My requirement is
for 'Table A'  I need 'Development action' column for a particular competencyId in the same row up on joining Table B. The result should look like below for Table A

How can I achieve this?
Thanks in advance


1. Are you a certified coach?
If yes - ask if they're certified with The International Coach Federation (ICF). If you have a choice, choose someone who's certified and has been coaching for at least a few years.
2. How long have you been actively coaching? Do you have testimonials from former clients?
Many coaches are entering the market today, so it just makes sense to select one with a proven track record of success. Ask if those testimonials are published -seeing real feedback from real people just makes sense.
I believe that 'comparison shopping' is always worthwhile. But I'm not suggesting that you just go with the least expensive (per hour) coach however. The best coaches offer programs to help their client move forward more quickly than others - so a low hourly rate doesn't always mean you'll save money.
4. Do you provide other tools or materials that I can use between our meetings?
Most people learn better in one mode than another. Options include being able to communicate between meetings using email, texting, and / or quick phone calls. And some coaches provide their clients with written materials developed to help you move forward more quickly. These will reduce the amount of time (money) that you spend with your coach.
This is a hot button for many coaches. My opinion is that if someone is offering a service or selling a product, then the client has every right to expect that they are getting what they pay for. If not, the client should be entitled to a full refund.


Sometimes we like to go down the rabbit hole. And you know what you need to do that — a magic potion. One of the best places to get a little summin' summin' is Prohibition. The retro cocktail bar calls it like it is and labels their drinks hooch. For our money, the Itty Bitty may sound small but comes with a big bang. Made with Tito's vodka, Cocchi Americano, lemon, honey, and basil, it's a tart and tempting treat no mere mortal can say no to.


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Ackroyd LLP
Wills & Estate Law
Home > Blog > Ackroyd LLP successful on behalf of Eastern Irrigation District in judicial review application involving interpretation of the Alberta Irrigation Districts Act
Ackroyd LLP successful on behalf of Eastern Irrigation District in judicial review application involving interpretation of the Alberta Irrigation Districts Act
On October 18, 2019, Madam Justice Johnna C. Kubik of the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench granted the Eastern Irrigation District ("EID") its application for Judicial Review and quashed the decision of the Irrigation Council Appeal Panel ("ICAP") which had earlier rescinded 3 decisions of the EID refusing to grant the application of the respondents George Murray V, Kimberley Resch and Kirk Dustin Prescott to add irrigation acres to the assessment roll pursuant to the provisions of the Irrigation Districts Act ("IDA") of Alberta. Our Bill McElhanney and Alex Yiu successfully argued the judicial review application before Madam Justice Kubik in Medicine Hat over a period of two days in April of this year.
A full copy of the decision can be found here.
The decision of Madam Justice Kubik has significant precedential value in the area of irrigation law in Alberta in that for the first time, a superior court in the Province of Alberta has judicially considered section 96(1) of the Irrigation Districts Act in respect of the term "owner", including the legal question of whether or not it was reasonable for the EID to have considered acts of dishonesty and deceit in determining whether a particular applicant "owner" was bona fides – in this case Murray V, Resch and Prescott – or not at the time of their application to the EID to add irrigation acres to the assessment roll.
On April 3, 2018 the ("ICAP") quashed an earlier decision of the EID denying three applications for allocation of new irrigation acres. Two applications for judicial review arose from that decision.
The EID sought judicial review of the ICAP decision. In relation to this application, the Alberta Irrigation Districts Association (hereinafter referred to as the "AIDA") was granted intervenor status.
A second application for judicial review was brought by Resch, Prescott, Murray V. They sought an order of mandamus requiring the EID to add the requested irrigation acres to their respective assessment rolls.
In granting the EID judicial review, Madam Justice Kubik reviewed the intent and objectives of the IDA – in particular, she observed that beneficial ownership could be examined by the EID in discharging its statutory function under the IDA, and further the very concept of ownership must be interpreted in conjunction with the Land Titles Act in order to give meaning to legislative intent. She elaborated thusly at paragraphs 59 and 60:
[59] Taken as a whole, the legislation, By-Law 840, and the Policy developed by the EID with respect to the expansion and allocation of these acres, was focused on fairness in the allocation of new acres – supporting as many diverse users as possible, while practicing sustainable resource management. Given that the EID was tasked under section 96 with reviewing the applications of "owners" (or purchasers with the consent of the registered owners), the element of fairness in the purpose of the legislation and the EID's accountability to users and the public gives the EID the scope and power to ensure the legitimacy of owners applying for new irrigation acres, and therefore to examine ownership, including beneficial ownership.
[60] Given the purpose of the Irrigation Districts Act, and the expectation of irrigators in the institution of By-Law 840 which deals with sustainable resource management, equitable distribution of irrigation acres and promotion of the economic viability of the EID, the very concept of ownership must be interpreted in conjunction with the Land Titles Act in order to give meaning to legislative intent.
In assessing the specific evidence comprising the record before her, Justice Kubik observed, among other things, that there was prima facie evidence before the EID and ICAP of suspicious transactions which could be characterized as deceit and dishonesty on the part of the respondents Resch, Prescott and Murray V. Her Ladyship elaborated thusly at paras 64 to 66:
[64] There was prima facie evidence before the EID and the ICAP of suspicious transactions which could be characterized as deceit and dishonesty on the part of Resch, Prescott, and Murray V. At the judicial review hearing before me, counsel for these parties argued that a nominal transfer based on one dollar, or love and affection, would not be uncommon in an intergenerational farming operation. However, there was no evidence before the EID or the ICAP that this was such a transfer. The land owners offered no explanation as to their interrelationship, the intention of their nominal consideration transfers of land valued in excess of hundreds of thousands of dollars, and the fact that the transferees Resch and Prescott took title to land which was subject to nearly one-million dollars in undischarged mortgage indebtedness.
[65] In the face of this evidence, it was unreasonable for the ICAP to determine that section 62 of the Land Titles Act was irrelevant to the EID's analysis of ownership of the land. The term "owner" included "registered owner" as defined in accordance with registration at land titles. In tendering the Certificates of Title, Resch, Prescott, and Murray V expressly relied on section 62 of the Land Titles Act. That put the issues of fraud and collusion squarely before the ICAP and EID.
[66] The ICAP's conclusion that the concepts of fraud or bona fides were not incorporated into the Irrigation Districts Act, and therefore the legislature did not intend to empower the EID to consider such concepts, ignores the purpose of the legislation and the expectation of users, as reflected in By-Law 840, that irrigation acres would be allocated fairly in a manner which spread the benefit of irrigation amongst diverse farming operations, supported the crop spectrum in the District, and provided a strong economic base for the District and community. It was not reasonable, in light of the purpose of the legislation, for ICAP to apply a strict statutory interpretation, which excluded an examination of the bona fides of the land titles. It was reasonable for the EID when faced with evidence of fraud, deceit, or dishonesty in relation to ownership of the land, to investigate the bona fides of ownership so as to meet its statutory mandate.
In addition, Justice Kubik commented at paragraph 71 that the ICAP's interpretation could lead to sham land transactions for the purpose of obtaining more acres than allowed by By-Law 840, or lead to electoral manipulation affecting the composition and control of irrigation district boards, and that this "…not a consequence reasonably intended by the legislature, particularly given the purpose and intent of the legislation in relation to equity, sustainability, economic viability and accountability to users. To this end, the ICAP erred in failing to consider the consequences of strict statutory interpretation."
Justice Kubik concluded based on the facts and law before her that she was satisfied that the decision of the ICAP with respect to the Resch, Prescott, and Murray V applications was unreasonable in that it did not fall within a range of possible acceptable outcomes defensible in respect of the facts and law, including principles of statutory interpretation and procedural fairness. She further was satisfied that the Irrigation Districts Act empowers individual irrigation districts to investigate the legitimacy of title when considering whether to allocate new irrigation acres.
Justice Kubik found that the original decisions of the EID were therefore reasonable having regard to the scope, purpose, and intention of the legislation and the facts before it.
The ICAP decision was accordingly quashed and the EID decisions were restored.
As no appeal has been taken from the decision of Madam Justice Kubik, it is now the law of the Province of Alberta that the Irrigation Districts Act empowers each of the 13 irrigation districts across the Province to investigate the legitimacy of title – including examining who the beneficial owner is behind the subject title – when considering whether to allocate new irrigation acres.
Any questions regarding this article may be directed to Bill McElhanney at bmcelhanney@ackroydlaw.com or Alex Yiu at ayiu@ackroydlaw.com.
Posted under: Regulatory Law.
1500 10665 Jasper Avenue
Edmonton, AB T5J 3S9
Email: info@ackroydlaw.com
© 2021 Ackroyd LLP.


And no, the boys don't have any potential way to read my blog, so Wii are safe.
So, last night when I posted the previous post, I had just started looking around online. I REFUSE to pay a premium — there are a number of places that you can buy the $250 package for $500 or more. Not going to happen.
I found that one of the Big Box stores had a bundle online and in stock. But it was bundled with extra controllers, and 7 extra games (6 of which you got to choose from a list). Wii weren't impressed with the list, and didn't want to spend that much money just to get the console and a bunch of games Wii didn't really want. (But Wii considered it, because even though it costs a lot, you actually GET something for that extra money).
I looked around for awhile (and found several websites that are Product trackers — they check various online sources and display the status at each store — you can even sign up for e-mail alerts) and then headed to bed.
This morning, just for fun, I checked the Big Box website again, and by golly — they had a different list of games to choose from. More choice — and better games! So……Wii are done with boy-Christmas shopping for this year! Woohoo! Wii are the coolest parents in the world. Except Wii aren't going to get credit — Santa will get all of that love….
Congratulations on getting your hands on one! Wii were looking last year, but not for Christmas. My boys had been following the progress of the Wii for months and had worked and saved up the money to buy one. This was the first time they had actually saved for something that expensive and Wii wanted that to be rewarded. Finally got our hands on one near the end of January or beginning of February and Wii also had to buy a bundle of games. I was just like you I wasn't buying games we didn't want them to have just to get the console. Finally found a deal where there were enough choices and it was in stock. Since we bought it at least nine months ago, I have only seen the consoles on a store shelf three times.
Also you are fortunate your boys don't have access to your blog. All three "boys" in this house read mine!
Wii were considering this gift too…however only one of our 3 boys wants it.
Which, of course, would mean having to get comparable gifts for the other two. Argh! What happened to the days of coloring books and tinker toys?
Congratulations! Dare I ask if the package contained several controllers? The game only comes with one and multi-players aren't an option unless each player has his own controller. Oh, and you'll be a total hero if you have lots of batteries on hand. The controllers need them and use them rather quickly.
Very cool! My husband would like one as well — but, well, maybe for his birthday!


text:
__author__ = "Christian Kongsgaard"
__license__ = 'MIT'

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# IMPORTS

# Modules
import data_process_functions as dp
import pandas as pd
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy.stats import linregress
import statsmodels

# RiBuild Modules

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# RIBuild

acronym_file = r'U:\RIBuild\2D_1D\2D to 1D Transformation.xlsx'
out_folder = r'C:\Users\ocni\PycharmProjects\delphin_6_automation\data_process\2d_1d\processed_data'
result_folder = r'U:\RIBuild\2D_1D\Results'
graphic_folder = r'U:\RIBuild\2D_1D\Processed Results\4A'
#dp.process_results(acronym_file, result_folder, out_folder)

quantities = ['heat loss', 'temperature', 'relative humidity', 'moisture content', 'moisture integral']
quantity = quantities[2]
hdf_file = out_folder + '/' + quantity + '.h5'

# Open HDF
#total_uninsulated_4a = pd.read_hdf(hdf_file, 'total_4a_36_uninsulated')
#total_insulated_4a = pd.read_hdf(hdf_file, 'total_4a_36_insulated')

insulation = 'insulated'
acros = [f'dresden_zp_high_cement_{insulation}_36_4a', f'dresden_zd_high_cement_{insulation}_36_4a',
         f'potsdam_high_cement_{insulation}_36_4a', f'dresden_zp_low_cement_{insulation}_36_4a',
         f'dresden_zd_low_cement_{insulation}_36_4a', f'potsdam_low_cement_{insulation}_36_4a']

acro_data_frame = pd.read_hdf(hdf_file, acros[1])

for i in range(7):
    test_data = acro_data_frame.loc[:, pd.IndexSlice[str(i), :, 'out']].rolling(24*7).mean()
    test_data.plot()

#granger_test_brick = statsmodels.grangercausalitytests(test_data)
plt.show()


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Ramstein Conference: Disappointment after the absence of a main battle tank decision
Germany is not yet delivering any tanks to Ukraine – and is not officially giving its partners permission either. After the pressure on Berlin, the question marks are growing as to why the government is acting like this.
Politicians from the traffic light coalition and the opposition have expressed their disappointment at the further postponed decision on the delivery of German battle tanks to Ukraine. The chairwoman of the defense committee, Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann (FPD), said on Friday evening in the ZDF "heute journal": "At least a signal would have been right to give the partners the green light." By that she meant the desire of countries like Poland to deliver their own Leopard-2 from German production to the Ukraine. However, they need a permit from Berlin for this.
"History is looking at us, and unfortunately Germany just failed," complained Strack-Zimmermann. The communication, especially from Chancellor Olaf Scholz (SPD) on this issue was a "catastrophe", because on the one hand Germany supports Ukraine massively, but the lack of a decision on the battle tanks creates a different impression. Scholz remains guilty of explanations. In her view, the new Defense Minister Boris Pistorius (SPD) is "on the chain," said Strack-Zimmermann. However, she is certain that the Leopard-2 will ultimately be delivered to Ukraine.
Ukraine conference in Ramstein
Despite considerable pressure from Ukraine and its supporting states, the federal government has not yet made a decision on the delivery of Leopard 2 main battle tanks to Kyiv. Yesterday, the allies met for a Ukraine conference in Ramstein, at which further billions in aid for the country attacked by Russia were agreed.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said in his video message distributed every evening in Kyiv on Friday evening that he heard a lot of understanding for his country's needs at the talks in Ramstein. "Yes, we will still have to fight for the supply of modern tanks, but every day we make it more obvious that there is no alternative to choosing tanks."
The Union now fears serious foreign policy damage. "Germany has done Ukraine and itself a disservice for the future position," said the CDU foreign policy expert Roderich Kiesewetter of the "Augsburger Allgemeine" (Saturday). "Unfortunately, the result of the Ramstein meeting is further isolation for Germany," criticized Kiesewetter. It also leaves him speechless that it was only the new Minister of Defense who commissioned an inventory of the available Leopard 1 and 2 in Bundeswehr and industrial stocks. "It is embarrassing and frightening that Germany apparently only remembered this almost a year after the beginning of the war."
The chairman of the German-Ukrainian parliamentary group, Robin Wagener (Greens), sees the measure announced by Pistorius differently: "The fact that the new defense minister is finally taking an inventory to check what we can continue to deliver is a later but correct step," he shared. "I assume that on this basis Germany will quickly give its impulse for the coordinated delivery of battle tanks."
The German Greens in the European Parliament were much more critical: "Chancellor Scholz annoyed our European partners with his negative attitude towards European initiatives to supply Leopard tanks," said the spokesman for the German group, Rasmus Andresen, the editorial network Germany (RND / Saturday). .
SPD parliamentary group leader Rolf Mützenich stressed that it was important to act in unison with the United States on the issue. "It is important that we always take important steps together," said Mützenich of the "Stuttgarter Zeitung" and the "Stuttgarter Nachrichten" (Saturday), "Together means: also and above all with the USA. The delivery of battle tanks is like that a step."
Recently there had been reports that Scholz had made the delivery of the US Abrams main battle tank a condition for the possible dispatch of German main battle tanks. However, according to US Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin, Pistorius had made it clear that there was no such connection.
Traffic: SPD puts pressure on the quick start of the 49-euro ticket
Protests: Peru: Demonstrators call for the resignation of the president
Berlin's jurisdictional chaos – the causes of a dysfunctional city
Vietnam: The image that changed the war
USA: Debt showdown between Biden and McCarthy


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I've been busy for the last couple of days, so here's a catch up of various poll findings from the last couple of days. Firstly since it's Prince Charles's 60th birthday, a YouGov poll in the Telegraph showed a majority of people thinking Charles is doing a very good or pretty good job as Prince of Wales, and 68% think he is right to air his views on potentially controversial subjects like the environment and GM food. In contrast to earlier polls, more people want him to succeed the Queen as monarch rather than the crown pass directly to Prince William. He will presumably be less pleased to find a drop in the proportion of people who want to see the Duchess of Cornwall become Queen upon Charles's accession. Only 17% wanted Camilla to become Queen, compared to 28% in July 2007.
Moving on, as well as their headline voting intention figures Populus also asked about views of the USA following Barack Obama's victory, reasing some questions they first asked in June 2006. Back then 44% of people thought that America was a force for good in the world, that has now risen to 54%. In 2006 58% thought that it was important for Britain's long-term security that we have a close and special relationship with the USA – that has now risen to 80%.
The same poll suggested that Gordon Brown had won the first round in the battle to cash in on being seen as close to Obama. Brown was seen as closer to Obama in terms of beliefs and policies than David Cameron by 35% to 25%; he was seen as more likely to build a strong working relationship with Obama than David Cameron is by 42% to 35%. On the other hand David Cameron was seen as better representing "the kind of change and progress in Britain that Barack Obama says he represents in America" by 34% to 30%.
Finally, generously splashing out on all of one question (the money they are saving on Jonathan Ross's salary they could afford some proper, thorough polling) an ICM poll for the BBC found that 68% of people thought that the UK should withdraw troops from Afghanistan within a year.
3 Responses to "You may have missed…"
I can't imagine anything more pointless than a public opinion poll on whether or not the Prince of Wales is doing a good job…it's not as if you can vote against him.
November 14th, 2008 at 11:55 am
'In the poll, when asked if the Prince should succeed the Queen, 42 per cent were in favour' – Telegraph
Fascinating; still the majority don't want him to be King. Love the Telegraph reporting style. I think it deserved to be in your summary Anthony- how well he does as POW, whether he has a right to speak out etc. is, In my opinion, far less important than the majority of people still do not want him to be King. So his support has gone up from the previous poll, but he still does not have majority support; yes, in one way that can be seen by him as good news but the reality remains that for at least three years (the polls being 2005 and late 2008) the majority of people in the UK do not Charles to be King. I'd love it if the Teleghraph had also put in a 'Republican' option as that would have indicated how many were against the monarchy on principle (or, if you prefer, how many people want this country to have a fully operating democracy) and, therefore, how many just can't stand Charles. The anti-Charles percentage would be fascinating to watch over the years…
False logic Jack. It only means they would prefer William to be King.
I prefer chocolate ice-cream to strawberry ice-cream, so in a poll saying would I rather have chocolate or strawberry ice-cream I'd say chocolate… but it doesn't mean I don't like strawberry ice-cream.
« Populus show lowest Tory lead since April UKPR Polling Average »


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