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Building holistic competence
March 9, 2017 | Volunteer & Awards
The Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work's innovative Simulation Program receives the 2017 Northrop Frye Divisional Award
This is the story of how an entire faculty pulled together to research the most effective methods of education, then put those methods into practice in classes to become a world leader.
For outstanding success in integrating teaching and research, and for demonstrating innovation and best practices to their peer educators around the world, the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work's Simulation Program has been named the 2017 winner of the prestigious Northrop Frye Award, in the Departmental/Divisional Category. The prize includes a $6,000 award for the Faculty to put towards this award-winning initiative.
Over the last seven years, the Simulation Program has become the signature offering of the Factor-Inwentash Faculty. From their first year, students are offered multiple opportunities to test their developing social work skills in practice sessions with a simulated client – a trained actor presenting as an elderly woman with deteriorating mobility, a parent enmeshed in a child custody dispute, or a person with any number of other complex emotional issues.
"Students receive preparation in two intensive integrated courses on social work practice," explains Faye Mishna, Dean of the faculty. In the session itself, taking 10-minute turns, each student interviews the simulated client while the instructor and other students observe and provide feedback. Following the interviews, students complete written reflections to integrate social work concepts with practice. Four simulations are required in first year, and students could participate in as many as six others by the time they graduate.
Students say the confidence boost they receive is invaluable. Before they meet their first clients, they have already practiced working with people facing everything from grief to addictions to chronic health conditions. With experience assessing complex psycho-social-emotional issues, and in managing client reactions to social workers, students enter their internships more self-aware and effective. In addition, they can explore healthy risk-taking, a valuable learning tool, without affecting a real client.
The simulation scenarios, as well as the way they are taught, are the product of intensive research by Factor-Inwentash faculty, led by Professor Marion Bogo. Bogo is an expert in building professional competence who was appointed to the Order of Canada in 2014 in recognition of her work.
Between 2002 and 2010, Bogo and her colleagues conducted research and developed a model of what holistic competence in social work looks like; they then tested effective scenarios and evaluation methods. U of T students participated in pilot projects, which in turn refined the model and sparked further research. In 2010, the Simulation Program was launched for all first-year MSW students including the Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation (OSCE), a systematic testing method, used to evaluate all first-year students.
In order to fund stipends and training for the actors, the Faculty sought donations. In 2012, Larry Enkin generously gave $250,000 and in 2014 he gave $1,000,000 in honour of his late wife Sharon Enkin, who had run the non-profit theatre company Golden Horseshoe Players in Hamilton, Ont.
The landmark gift endowed the Simulation Program and facilitated its expansion – more faculty members and doctoral students joined the research projects, and simulations were created for more courses.
The program has been so effective that the Faculty has been fielding requests for their materials and methods from around the globe. "For example," says Mishna, "in England the OSCE was used for educational outcomes assessment of students' learning to evaluate an innovative fast-track training approach for social workers in child protection. In Australia, two universities in Queensland are using simulation in teaching social work students. And three US universities have formally consulted with us."
"The real value of simulation," says Bogo, "is that it allows students to practise again and again, which is necessary when learning any new skill, such as playing an instrument or performing in a sport. It is absolutely clear that in order to learn how to do something well, you need opportunities to practise." With the addition of focused feedback and reflection, students' ability to integrate theory and practice is improved.
The Northrop Frye Awards, one awarded to an individual faculty member and one to a department or division, are presented each year under the banner of the Awards of Excellence, a program recognizing the outstanding members of the University of Toronto community who have made rich and meaningful contributions to the University, their communities and to the world.
Alumni Relations within the Division of University Advancement is the steward of the Awards of Excellence program on behalf of the University of Toronto Alumni Association, and co-ordinates the vital contributions of other University stakeholder groups toward this prestigious award program.
The Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work Simulation Program and the other 2017 Awards of Excellence recipients will be honoured at a recognition event on April 27.
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U of T alumni, faculty and supporters honoured with the Order of Canada
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Haiti President Martelly to meet Pope Francis at end of month | MyAyiti.com a Place for Haitian Empowerment!
Haitian President Michel Martelly will meet the Pope in Rome François end of February on the occasion of the creation of the first cardinal of Haitian history, Chibly Mgr Langlois, announced Friday the Vatican diplomatic mission in Port-au-Prince.
"President Martelly will have a head-to-head with His Holiness the Pope," said the Apostolic Nunciature of Haiti in a statement.
Chibly Mgr Langlois will be inducted at an ordinary public consistory in the Basilica of St. Peter on February 22. Mr. Martelly attend the ceremonies with a group of fifty people from different regions of Haiti who will travel to the Vatican.
Pope Francis announced mid-January the creation at this consistory, sixteen cardinal electors (under 80 years), nine of which come from the South and five of his continent, Latin America. A total of 19 cardinals are created taking into account three cardinals over 80 years, who are not voters.


PROGRAM HAS PROFOUND IMPACT: REPORT - Haven; Home, Safe.
Haven; Home, Safe (HHS) today officially launched a special Social Return on Investment (SROI) report that highlights the 'profound' impact of its flagship Sidney Myer Haven (SMH) housing and support program on breaking the cycle of poverty of disadvantage.
The From Surviving to Thriving: A Model Breaking Negative Cycles report by an independent SROI evaluation agency, Think Impact, found that for every $1 invested in SMH up to $12 of social and economic value was created. This includes value to SMH residents, their children, and significant value to the Victorian State Government in avoided costs.
The three-month evaluation conducted last year, examined the value created since the SMH commenced in October 2015 through to June 2018.
Located in Bendigo, the Sidney Myer Haven is a residential complex, consisting of a central education centre and 19 two-bedroom units that house a mix of singles, couples and families. They are supported 24/7 by an on-site support worker. The majority of residents have complex issues, all have experienced homelessness or housing vulnerability, and most are new parents.
An SROI calculation indicates cost-effectiveness by comparing the investment required to deliver the activities with the value of the outcomes experienced by all beneficiary stakeholders. Social value is calculated by placing a financial value on the quantified change commensurate with the degree of change experienced by stakeholders as a result of the Sidney Myer Haven program.
These financial values are known as financial proxies.
Report author Suzi Young found 'the Sidney Myer Haven (SMH) program is enabling people to transform their lives and the lives of their children and families in the most profound ways'.
• 61 per cent of residents had parents with a history of mental health issues.
In this context of crisis, violence and intergenerational disadvantage, the SROI evaluation demonstrates that the SMH program is delivering significant positive outcomes to residents, and the government.
For example, residents benefited from 51 per cent ($11,383,329) of the social and economic value created, in the form of better mental health (23 per cent), expanded healthy social networks (21 per cent), increased personal safety for those escaping family violence (16 per cent), expanded confidence and capability to parent (11 per cent), and better emotional health (5 per cent).
At a conservative estimate, child residents are thought to experience 16 per cent of the total value ($3,679,571), with 56 per cent of that being from improved social and emotional development, and 21 per cent from improved physical health and wellbeing.
The State Government experienced 31 per cent ($7,026,271) of the total value by avoiding costs as a result of the outcomes realised for residents. These avoided cost figures are considered to be conservative, as they do not account for the avoided costs over a lifetime.
Haven; Home, Safe (HHS) is Australia's only fully integrated affordable rental, crisis, transitional, support, housing, and homelessness services provider employing more than 160 staff across offices in Bendigo, Preston, Geelong, Mildura, and Robinvale with outreach services in Frankston, Swan Hill, Echuca and Kyabram.
As a registered Housing Association, we own or manage 1600+ affordable rental properties across 29 Local Government Areas (LGAs).
First incorporated 1978, the organisation has grown from modest beginnings to become an industry-leader with a reputation for innovative and outstanding service delivery with total assets in excess of $300 million and an annual operating budget of $37 million.
How to Vote in the Federal Election if you don't have a permanent address.


Most NZX-listed companies have shied away from the post-2007 corporate debt binge cited as a growing risk in many offshore markets, new Harbour Asset Management research reveals.
According to the Harbour study, the median NZ listed company debt has remained stable or decreased across several metrics compared to pre-GFC (global financial crisis) levels. The NZ result contrasts with a recent Citibank report that found median US corporate net debt compared to earnings before interest, tax depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased from 1.4-times in October 2007 to 1.6-times at the latest measure.
Research by McKinsey in 2018 found the non-financial corporate bond market almost tripled post-GFC to reach US$11.7 trillion of outstanding debt in 2017. The McKinsey report says between US$1.6 trillion and US$2.2 trillion were set to mature over 2018-2022.
High corporate debt was one of the "driving factors" behind the GFC, the Harbour paper says.
Harbour chief, Andrew Bascand, who co-authored the paper with portfolio manager Shane Solly, said the 'long-lived assets' includes the relatively high proportion of utility stocks on the NZX.
The Harbour study excluded financial stocks and fast-growing debt-free NZX companies.
Bascand said two other measures – interest rate coverage and leverage (which compares borrowing to equity) – show the debt situation for the median NZX firm has either improved or remained stable post-GFC.
The median firm interest rate coverage improved from 4.41-times earnings in January 2007 to 7.87-times 12 years later during a period when the average NZ corporate debt rate dropped from about 8 per cent to 5.3 per cent.
Similarly, the median leverage ratio was more or less stable over the 12-year period. The average leverage ratio (which measures the combined debt of all companies in the study) actually fell from 2.3-times in 2007 to 1.99-times this January.
In spite of the generally benign conditions for NZ corporate balance sheets, the Harbour study did highlight an increase in the average level of debt to EBITDA, which rose from almost 3.1-times in 2007 to 3.71-times 12 years later.
However, Bascand said the average debt measure was skewed by just a handful of larger companies – notably Fletcher Building and Fonterra with the former in particular moving to rapidly reduce borrowings in recent months.
He said the retirement village sector (which is engaged in a capital-heavy building phase) and utility firms Chorus and Genesis Energy also added to the high average debt figure.
"On balance, Harbour's conclusion to this review of New Zealand equity market debt trends is that the median company debt levels are relatively modest and that the NZ market generally has conservative balance sheets," the paper says.
Bascand said the post-GFC era has seen a diversification of NZ corporate borrowing strategies as companies increasingly turn to investment markets rather than banks to fund growth.
And Bascand said NZ banks are also facing potential restraints on lending under a Reserve Bank of NZ proposal that will almost double the amount of reserve capital they have to hold.
In another paper published last week, Harbour senior credit analyst, Simon Pannett, outlines the potential effect of the RBNZ bank capital proposals on lending and fixed income markets concluding the "risk to the economic outlook as skewed to the downside".


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Q: How to show two Pie Charts on the same Mendix page? I'm working on a Mendix app, and I need to display two or more Pie Charts on the page. The problem is, that in Mendix I can pass only one entity object to the page.
So if I want to show multiple Pie Charts, I have to create a "Wrapper" entity, associated with the Pie Chart entities, pass the Wrapper to the page, and access Pie Chart entities by association.
Sounds simple and it works perfectly with Data Grids! But the Pie Chart widgets remain empty, and I can't understand why.
What I have:
I have two entities for the two Pie Charts and a Wrapper entity associated with them. I pass this entity to the page in order to access associated entities by association.

I created some pages using which I can create new objects for the Pie Chart entities and save them in the database.

On the page where I want to display the Pie Charts, I added 2 Data View widgets and passed the Wrapper object to them using a microflow. Inside of each Data View, I added a second Data View and linked it with the corresponding Pie Chart entity by association. Inside of the second Data View widgets, I added the Pie Chart widgets.

The microflow:

One Pie Chart Widget settings (the second one is the same just linked to another Pie Chart entity):

I also added Data Grid widgets for testing purposes. As you can see, Data Grid can access the data I entered, but the Pie Chart widgets remain empty.

Why is it happening and how can I fix it?

A: You are retrieving data from database, but from what I see in the microflow, you are creating the entity but not committing it into the database.
Consider also using a microflow instead of retrieving from database, if you want.
Passing the external object to the microflow and let it go out as a tunnel is enough to show your data inside the pie chart :)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


PerkinElmer, Inc.. (11/21/18). "Press Release: PerkinElmer to Present at 2018 Citi Global Healthcare Conference". Waltham, MA.
PerkinElmer, Inc. (NYSE: PKI), a global leader committed to innovating for a healthier world, today announced that the Company will present at the 2018 Citi Global Healthcare Conference on Wednesday, December 5, 2018, at 11:45 a.m. ET at the Lotte New York Palace in New York City.
Jamey Mock, PerkinElmer's senior vice president and chief financial officer, will provide an overview of the Company and its strategic priorities.
A live audio webcast of the presentation will also be available on the Investors section of the Company's website at www.perkinelmer.com. A replay of the presentation will be posted on the PerkinElmer website after the event and will be available for two weeks following.


The high quality precision of the Tikky makes it the first choice for field drawing and pencil illustration. The 'wave-form' grip is ergonomically designed for comfort and firmer hold. A pencil rubber is concealed in the cap and the body can hold ten spare leads. Choose from 0.5mm and 0.7mm.
quick delivery, great to use, good value.
never blunt, robust barrel, couldn't ask for more.


Keeping your car in check is a breeze with the help of a Toyota certified maintenance center. With hard work and world-class service, expect to find only the best Toyota dealership in Iona, MN for you and all of your auto maintenance issues.
When you're looking for the right Toyota in Iona, Minnesota, you can trust the qualified and experienced staff at your local Toyota dealership to search for the right fit.
You shouldn't have to your car's health. If you think it's time for your car's next scheduled maintenance, be sure to expect outstanding Toyota car service from the qualified technicians at your community Toyota dealers.
Are you aware if your service schedule is up to date? Contact certified service professionals at your neighborhood Toyota dealerships for any concerns concerning your Toyota car service.
Toyota dealers close by are able to help you search for guaranteed Toyota parts to get your car back to factory standards.
From Toyota dealer hours to Toyota cashback offers in your local area, your neighborhood Toyota dealership in Iona, Minnesota search makes it simple to discover what you're looking for.
Whether you're looking for the perfect offer on a new SUV or interested in scheduling regular repairs on your current Toyota, Toyota dealers in your neighborhood are waiting to help.
Your nearby Toyota dealerships are ready to provide an exceptional choice of brand new and quality used Toyota cars for any lifestyle and price range.
Put the fun back in your car buying experience. With great service, great value and top quality performance, your community Toyota dealerships will always work make sure you get the car your deserve.
Take a chunk out of the price of your new Toyota purchase with trade-in incentives available at your area's Toyota dealership near you.


Cuteness overload! Light pink and baby blue are full of youthful energy, making the combo ideal for couples that are young at heart. These colors are also very light, bright, and easy to the eyes. Plus, elements like centerpieces are more than enough to make your photos Instagram-worthy.
This shade of yellow never fails to brighten any event. Choosing this for your wedding is like bring the sun in your venue. What more if it's combined with light blue, right? This color combination is sure to make your guests' day!
Now this one's truly refreshing, but with enough hint of boldness. The calming color of green, when combined with black, simply exudes a sense of calmness but still character and a bit drama.
Do you have other color combinations in mind? Tell us in the comment section!
All photos are from Hizon's Catering & Corporate Canteens.


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Q: App keep crashing after trying to create new activity? I wanted to Create A Second Activity to my App and then the App gives black screen and crashes every time it switches to the new Activity.
The app works perfectly when disable the new activity. I tried a lot to fix it but no use. I maybe miss something .
Please Notice I Made the 2nd activity LAUNCHER category and changed the first to DEFAULT and the Emulator don't show the app when running it said that it's installed but it wont run and it's not on the Virtual Mobile Menu.
Here is the 2nd Activity xml File :
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context=".MenuActivity" >

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/WelcomeText"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_marginTop="41dp"
    android:text="Welcome !"
    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/Play"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_below="@+id/WelcomeText"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_marginTop="48dp"
    android:text="S t a r t   G a m e" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/QuitMenu"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_marginBottom="41dp"
    android:text="Quit Game" />

    </RelativeLayout>

Here it the Java Code of it :
    package com.example.write_example;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.view.Menu;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.widget.Button;

    public class MenuActivity extends Activity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.menu);

    Button start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Play);
    Button exit = (Button) findViewById(R.id.QuitMenu);

    start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
   startActivity (newIntent("android.intent.action.MAIN"));
        }
    });

       exit.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            finish();
        }
    });

}

  }

And Here is The Manifest Code :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.write_example"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk
    android:minSdkVersion="1"
    android:targetSdkVersion="17" />

<application
    android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
    <activity
        android:name="MainActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
    <activity
        android:name="MenuActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name" android:launchMode="standard">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MainMenu" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>
</application>

</manifest>

Any Help Is Appreciated , Thanks for your time .

A: <Button
    android:id="@+id/QuitMenu"

So change
Button exit = (Button) findViewById(R.id.QuitGame);// id is QuitMenu

to
Button exit = (Button) findViewById(R.id.QuitMenu);

Edit:
<activity
    android:name=".MenuActivity"
    android:launchMode="standard"
    android:label="@string/app_name" >
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    </intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
    android:name=".MainActivity"
    android:label="@string/app_name">

</activity>

And Change
startActivity (newIntent("android.intent.action.MAIN"));

To
startActivity (new Intent(MenuActivity.this,MainActivity.class));

A: QuitGame is text property of button not id. Id is QuitMenu.


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Zur Lüge gezwungen (Originaltitel Forgotten Sins) ist ein US-amerikanisches Filmdrama von Dick Lowry aus dem Jahr 1996. Die Handlung beruht zum Teil auf dem Buch "Remembering Satan: A Tragic Case of Recovered Memory" von Lawrence Wright aus dem Jahr 1994, in dem authentische Ereignisse beschrieben wurden, die Paul Ingram im Jahr 1988 erlebte.

Handlung
Der Film beginnt damit, Sheriff Matthew Bradshaw und das Verhältnis zu seiner Familie zu zeigen. Auf nahezu jedes Detail dieser ersten Szenen wird später Bezug genommen. In der ersten Szene spielt Bradshaw mit Kollegen und Freunden zuhause Poker. Sein kleiner Sohn (etwa acht Jahre alt) kommt im Schlafanzug dazu, der Vater geht sehr freundlich mit ihm um. Später kommt er ins Zimmer seiner beiden Töchter Laura und Rebecca (etwa 20 und 16). Sie hören eine Kassette mit Pop-Musik, der Vater reagiert wütend und nimmt sie ihnen weg. An der Zimmerwand hängt ein großes christliches Kreuz.

In einer der nächsten Szenen sieht man die ganze Familie in der Kirche. Es wird gemeinsam gesungen und gebetet, etwas lebhafter, als es in einer europäischen Kirche üblich wäre. Es gibt häufig Zwischenrufe wie "Preiset den Herrn". Möglicherweise handelt es sich um eine charismatische Gemeinde.

In einer anderen Szene bringt ein Kollege von der Polizeiwerkstatt den Wagen einer der Töchter zurück, den er anscheinend als Freundschaftsdienst repariert hat. Bradshaw ruft seine Tochter, sie solle herauskommen und sich bei dem Mann bedanken. Sie ist noch nicht angezogen und kann nicht sofort herunterkommen. Bradshaw wird wütend und schreit immer lauter nach ihr.

Später folgt eine Unterhaltung zwischen Bradshaw und seiner Frau Roberta. Er beginnt damit, ob er ihren Sohn wohl zu sehr verwöhne, er wolle nicht den gleichen Fehler wie bei den Mädchen machen. Seine Frau versichert ihm, ihr Verhältnis sei eben etwas Besonderes, aber ganz normal. Dann dreht sich das Gespräch aber darum, dass er sich seinen Töchtern nicht richtig nahe fühlt. Seine Frau rät ihm, mit dem Pastor zu reden.

Parallel dazu fährt eine der Töchter auf eine "Christian Girls' Retreat". Bei dieser Wochenendveranstaltung sollen die Mädchen ihren Gefühlen freien Raum geben und über Dinge sprechen können, die sie belasten. Das Thema sexueller Missbrauch wird dabei nie angesprochen. Ein Mädchen, in der Mitte des Kreises sitzend, berichtet davon, wie ihr Bruder sie überredete, gemeinsam mit Skiern einen steilen Abhang hinunterzufahren, wobei er starb. Sie fühlte sich seitdem schuldig, obwohl es seine Idee gewesen war. Nachdem sie es ausspricht, wird sie von der Betreuerin umarmt und getröstet, alle anderen Mädchen kommen herbei und umarmen sie auch.

Die Bradshaw-Tochter wird zunehmend trauriger während der Veranstaltung, besonders während sie die Anteilnahme für das andere Mädchen beobachtet. Am Ende der Veranstaltung bricht sie weinend in den Armen der Betreuerin zusammen und sagt, ihr Vater hätte ihr schreckliche Dinge angetan.

Die Mädchen werden in einer Familie in der Gemeinde untergebracht, der Vater wird festgenommen.

Erst streitet er alles ab, aber auf die Frage, ob seine Töchter dann etwa lügen würden, antwortet er, dass sie gute Christinnen sind und das niemals tun würden. Plötzlich denkt er, dass er ihnen vielleicht doch etwas angetan haben könnte, und sich nur nicht mehr daran erinnert. Die verhörenden Polizisten setzen ihm zu, dass er doch gestehen wolle, er müsse sich nur mehr anstrengen, um sich zu erinnern. Er wolle doch seinen Töchtern keinen Prozess zumuten. Der Pastor besucht ihn und redet ihm ebenfalls zu, er müsse versuchen, sich zu erinnern. Gott werde nicht zulassen, dass er sich an falsche Dinge erinnere. Außerdem wird ein Polizeipsychologe hinzugezogen, der ihm ebenfalls zuredet, er müsse sich nur entspannen, den Kopf leer machen, und die Bilder kommen lassen.

Und so versucht Bradshaw sich während der Verhöre und auch dazwischen in seiner Zelle – dort mit Hilfe von Gebeten – zu erinnern. In späteren Rückblenden mithilfe von Tonbändern merkt man, wie das ablief: "Ein Mann steht neben mir." "Wer ist es?" "Ich kann kein Gesicht sehen." "Strengen Sie sich an!" "Jesus, hilf mir, das Gesicht zu sehen, gib mir ein Gesicht … Es ist … <Name eines Kollegen oder Nachbarn>."

Die ersten Anschuldigen der Mädchen besagen nur, der Vater sei ins Zimmer gekommen und habe sie vergewaltigt. Obwohl sie das Zimmer teilten, hat jedoch nie eine die Vergewaltigung der jeweils anderen bemerkt. Kurz darauf kommt hinzu, dass die Pokerkollegen ebenfalls beschuldigt werden. Zwei werden festgenommen und sitzen längere Zeit in Untersuchungshaft. Dann wird auch noch die Mutter beschuldigt, sie sei vorher ins Zimmer gekommen und habe die Mädchen "vorbereitet". Plötzlich sind sie angeblich mit den Pokerkollegen an einen anderen Ort gefahren, wo satanische Riten vollführt wurden, einschließlich der Ermordung eines Säuglings. Im Laufe der Zeit sollen so zehn bis zwanzig Säuglinge ermordet worden sein und auf dem Grundstück vergraben. Ausgrabungen finden nichts als einen Elchknochen.

Auch die Mutter, die erst noch ihren Mann verteidigt und versucht, ihn von seiner Unschuld zu überzeugen, glaubt sich nach kurzer Zeit schuldig und meint, ihre Erinnerungen verdrängt zu haben – oder sie spielt es nur, um wenigstens das Sorgerecht für den Sohn zu behalten. Sie sei auch ein Opfer ihres Mannes, jetzt hätte der Heilungsprozess begonnen.

Die Polizei zieht den Psychologen Richard Ofshe hinzu. Dieser existiert real an der Berkeley-Universität. Er soll den Fall eigentlich wasserdicht machen. Ganz im Gegensatz zu fördert er jedoch zu Tage, dass die Mädchen offenbar lügen oder fantasieren und der Vater sich die Erinnerungen selbst einredet. Ofshe redet mit den Mädchen und fragt nach Details der satanischen Rituale, etwa ob der "Magier" von rechts oder von links an den Opferstein getreten sei, was für ein Kelch verwendet worden sei – auf alle Detailfragen wissen die Mädchen keine Antwort. Wenn sie separat neue Fragen gestellt bekommen, dann sind ihre Antworten nicht konsistent. Und ihre Aussagen passen nicht genau zu denen des Vaters. Generell sind die Aussagen von allen dreien extrem vage. Die Polizei und die Kirche begründen das damit, dass das bei verdrängten Erinnerungen eben so sei.

Ofshe testet Bradshaw: Er behauptet, eines der Mädchen hätte ausgesagt, der Vater sei mit ihr und einem Nachbarn oder Kollegen zu einem bestimmten See hinausgefahren und hätte sie dort gezwungen, mit ihm zu schlafen. Bradshaw kann sich erst nicht daran erinnern. In seiner Zelle bittet er Gott/Jesus wieder um Erinnerungen – und sie kommen. Am nächsten Tag bekennt er sich auch zu dieser Tat. Ofshe offenbart ihm, dass keines der Mädchen das gesagt hat, Ofhse selbst hat es erfunden. Er versucht Bradshaw klarzumachen, dass seine Erinnerungen Einbildungen sind, aber er dringt nicht zu ihm durch. Ofshe gibt den Expertenbericht ab, in dem steht, dass Bradshaw mit Sicherheit unschuldig ist und seine Erinnerungen falsch sind.

Später spricht der Verteidiger der anderen beiden inhaftierten Männer Ofshe auf dem Campus seiner Universität an. Ofshe versucht, keine Antworten zu geben, da er ja auf Seite der Staatsanwaltschaft in den Fall involviert ist und nicht mit der Verteidigung darüber sprechen darf. Der Richter müsse entscheiden, ob der Bericht der Verteidigung gegeben wird. Der Verteidiger sagt, dass er nicht glaubt, dass der Richter den Bericht hat, und er hat recht. Ofshe schickt den Bericht direkt an den Richter. Der Richter weist den Staatsanwalt wütend an, diesen Bericht sofort an die Verteidigung zu verteilen.

Bradshaw glaubt weiterhin an seine Schuld und bekennt sich in der Voranhörung schuldig, so dass es keinen Prozess gibt und seine Töchter nicht aussagen müssen. Ofshe geht entsetzt zu ihm und versucht ihn wiederum zu überzeugen, dass er unschuldig ist. In der nächsten Nacht betet Bradshaw wieder intensiv, doch nun verschwinden die Erinnerungen, ihm ist plötzlich klar, dass er unschuldig ist.

In der Urteilsverkündung kurz darauf, bei der auch seine Töchter und viele andere Personen im Publikum sitzen, sagt er, er habe seine Tochter nie missbraucht. Da er sich aber bereits schuldig bekannt hat, reagiert der Richter wütend, er lasse sich nicht an der Nase herumführen, und verurteilt ihn zu 20 Jahren Haft.

Kritiken
Das Lexikon des internationalen Films schrieb, der Film thematisiere "sexuellen Mißbrauch", "political correctness" sowie "die Macht falscher Anschuldigungen".

Hintergrund
Paul Ingram, dessen Erlebnisse aus dem Jahr 1988 von Lawrence Wright beschrieben wurden, wurde in einer Gerichtsverhandlung schuldig gesprochen. Er wurde erst im Jahr 2003, nachdem er seine Strafe abgesessen hatte, freigelassen.

Siehe auch
 Falsche Erinnerung

Weblinks

  (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 1996
US-amerikanischer Film
Literaturverfilmung
Filmdrama
Fernsehfilm

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


What happens when youth lead their peers in discussions of issues impacting D.C. youth? Three CE students – Anaise A., Malik T., and Khadijah W. – partnered with our program staff to co-facilitate our 6-week summer programs* to find out.
Each student-and-staff pair traveled to a site twice per week to facilitate CE's curriculum with other high school-aged youth. At the end of each week, the entire team met to evaluate how classes went, troubleshoot challenges, and discuss college-level readings on topics related to the program. In total, each Summer Youth Facilitator worked with our staff for over 150 hours. This constant cycle of preparation, implementation, and reflection led to a new level of student leadership.
The students' success as facilitators and leaders shows that young people are ready and able to foster critical dialogue amongst their peers about pressing issues that impact youth.
*Our summer program partners included D.C. Promise Neighborhood Initiative (DCPNI), Cathedral Scholars Program and Guerilla Arts.
Read below to learn about each Facilitator's reflections on the experience (must have an up-to-date Flash player).


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Optical tissue clearing and whole-mount immunolabeling of the organ of Corti.
(A) Time course and individual steps of tissue clearing with or without immunostaining. (B) Three-dimensional imaging of the organ of Corti within the temporal bone. Top view (left), lateral view (middle), and the schematic presentation of the organ of Corti with its axis parallel to the modiolus. The size of the organ of Corti is indicated in the X, Y, and Z coordinates. Scale bar, 500 μm. (C) Computational processes of linearization, cell detection, and modeling. (D) Side-by-side comparison of 3DISCO, iDISCO, CLARITY, and CUBIC. Transmitted light images of samples before and after clearing, together with MYO7A staining. Scale bar, 500 μm. (E) Manual dissection of the iDISCO-processed sample confirmed MYO7A staining in the sensory epithelium. Scale bars, 500 μm (upper image) and 100 μm (lower image). (F) Lateral and horizontal views of the reconstructed three-dimensional images of the organ of Corti stained with anti-MYO7A. CUBIC with decalcification and original ScaleS failed to detect the deepest part of the organ of Corti (green dotted lines). With modified ScaleS, the entire structure of the organ of Corti could be visualized. Scale bar, 500 μm. (G) Modified ScaleS sample of the organ of Corti stained with anti-MYO7A antibody, together with transmitted light images before (upper left) and after (upper right) treatment. Scale bar, 500 μm. (H) Three steps of the modified ScaleS protocol. The initial decalcification step is followed by a clearing step, which mainly removes lipids from the extracellular matrix. Finally, the RI of the sample is matched with mounting solution. (I) Preservation of GFP fluorescence after modified ScaleS treatment. Scale bar, 10 μm. (J) Preservation of rhodamine-phalloidin signal after modified ScaleS treatment, which includes sorbitol to stabilize cytoskeletal polymers. Scale bar, 10 μm. IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; RI, refractive index.
Source data for Figure 1B, E and Figure 1—figure supplement 2.
(A) Comparison of optical transparency of mouse brain samples using 3DISCO, iDISCO, CLARITY and CUBIC. Scale, 3 mm. (B) Relationship between imaging depths and RIs using the decalcified cochlea as a sample. (n = 5 samples. Dunnet's multiple comparison test, *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; ns; not significant, p > 0.05.) (C) Time course and individual steps of modified Sca/eS compared to the previous protocols of cochlear tissue preparations. (D) Macroscopic images of the cochlea through the steps of decalcification, clearing, and RI matching. Each image corresponds to the time points (i) to (viii) shown in (A). Scale bar, 1 mm. (E) Mouse brain sections with 100 μm thickness were treated with urea and guanidine solutions at varying concentrations. After tissue clearing, tissue volume expansion and optical transmittance were measured. Scale bar, 5 mm. (n = 5 samples for each condition. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test, *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; ns; not significant, p > 0.05.) RI, refractive index.
Application of modified ScaleS to other tissues.
(A) Tubular bone samples were treated with modified ScaleS and CB-perfusion. CB-perfusion was designed for whole-body imaging (see Appendix 1 for the detail). Transmitted light Images before and after clearing procedures were presented. The trabecular regions of the tubular bone (boxed regions of the low magnification images with transmitted light) stained with anti-vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin were imaged through the surface of the compact bone. Boxed regions in fluorescence images were further enlarged for presentation of vasculature details. Scale bar, 5 mm (transmission images), 100 μm (fluorescence images). The graph shows the maximal depth at which the VE-cadherin signals could be detected from the surface. (n = 3 samples for each condition. Two-tailed unpaired t test, *p < 0.05.) (B) Application of modified ScaleS to multiple biological samples. To test the effectiveness of modified ScaleS for clearing the non-osseous tissue, multiple organs (brain, heart, stomach, lung, liver, kidney, intestine and spleen) were processed with modified ScaleS and CB-perfusion. Performance of CB-perfusion was better than modified ScaleS in stomach, lung, liver, kidney and spleen. This difference can be explained by better performance of CB-perfusion in elimination of blood cells by perfusion and effective delipidation and decolorization by aminoalcohol. Scale bar, 5 mm.
Computational analysis of hair cell distribution in the organ of Corti.
(A) Detection of single hair cells stained with anti-MYO7A. The border between hair cells can be clearly detected. Scale bar, 10 μm. (B) Sequential steps in reconstruction of the linearized voxel image of the organ of Corti. The linearized voxel image was generated using the row of IHCs as a structural reference of the longitudinal axis of the organ of Corti. Scale bar, 100 μm. (C) Plot of the total longitudinal length of the organ of Corti against the total number of IHCs. (D) Plot of radial distance of IHCs from the modiolus. (E) Plot of hair cell positions along the vertical axis of the organ of Corti. (F) Normalization of heterogeneity in hair cell positions. Before normalization, both x and y axes represent physical positions of OHCs. After normalization, the coordinates are arbitrary units and are equalized in x and y axes. (G) Transformation of the positions of hair cells to fit the standardized template. The template is a two-dimensional grid parallel to the surface of the sensory epithelium (upper image). This transformation is useful for estimation of lost hair cells based on the calculation of cell-free space. The accuracy of estimation by this method was comparable to the performance of manual estimation (lower plot). [n = 161 samples for each. Paired t-test; ns, not significant (p > 0.05).] IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; PND, postnatal day; RI, refractive index.
Source data for Figure 2D, E, G and Figure 2—figure supplement 1.
Manual counting of lost hair cells and auditory brainstem-evoked response (ABR) in mice with age-related and noise-induced hearing loss.
(A) Numbers of total IHCs and OHCs of C57BL/6J mice at PND 5, PND 60, and PND 360. (n = 4 (PND 5), 4 (PND 60), and 3 (PND 360). One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's post hoc test, ***p < 0.001.) (B) ABR thresholds (left) and the numbers of lost OHCs (right) were compared between C57BL/6J (mouse model of age-related hearing loss) and CBA/Ca mice (control mice) at PND 60. (C) The effect of acoustic overexposure stimulus on ABR thresholds (left) and OHC loss (right) measured at PND 60. Acoustic overexposure stimulus induced an increase in ABR threshold and loss of OHCs. ABR, auditory brainstem response; IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; PND, postnatal day.
Three-dimensional presentation of hair cell distribution projected to X-Y and Y-Z planes.
Positions of Inner hair cells were sampled with regular intervals and the position data from different samples were overlaid. Hair cells from different samples were plotted as dots with different colors. Spiral directions of samples from right ears were converted to those of left ears for alignment of samples from both sides. PND, postnatal day.
Spatial pattern of hair cell loss.
(A) Pseudo-color presentation of hair cell loss along the longitudinal axis of the organ of Corti (PND 30, 60, and 120 and noise exposure at PND 60). Each row represents a single cochlear sample. Numbers of lost hair cells within 50 μm segments along the longitudinal axis were measured. For samples with higher cell loss in the basal portion, it was difficult to define the basal end of the sensory epithelium. These samples with ambiguous starting points of the epithelium were marked by thin red lines in rows of noise-exposed samples. The raw fluorescence image shows the definition of directions (distal and proximal, apex and base) relative to the sensory epithelium. (B) Distribution of lost cells along the longitudinal axis of the organ of Corti in three experimental groups. PND 60 and 120, and noise exposure at PND 60, exhibit distinct patterns of hair cell loss (Kruskal–Wallis test with Steel–Dwass test). (C) Detection of hair cell loss at the helicotrema. Scale bar, 100 μm. (D) Distribution of lost cells along the radial axis of the organ of Corti. Samples from PND 60 and 120 exhibit gradients of cell loss. (Paired t-test followed by Bonferroni's correction, *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001.) Number of samples; n = 10 (PND 30), 14 (PND 60), 9 (PND 120), and 10 (Noise), except for n = 7 in segment 'a' of Noise in (B). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. PND, postnatal day.
Source data for Figure 3D and Figure 3—figure supplement 1.
Longitudinal and radial distribution of hair cell loss in the organ of Corti.
(A) Pseudo-color presentation of the OHC loss frequency along the radial axis. Each row represents a single cochlear sample. The sample IDs were written on the left of the map. Note that the direction of comparison (proximal to distal) is perpendicular to the map shown in Figure 3A. Samples were arranged according to the extent of total cell loss in each experimental group from the highest to the lowest. The radial positions were divided into 15 sections and the scores were averaged within the sections. (B) Principal-component analysis (PCA) of the lost cell distribution in samples at PND 120 and at PND 60 with noise exposure (left). PCA was performed with the local OHC loss frequencies as variables. Frequencies of cell loss were calculated in individual segments set along the longitudinal and the radial axes. The percent variation explained by each principal component (PC) is indicated in parentheses. A dotted line indicates the decision boundary of the linear discriminant analysis. Coefficients of the first principal component (middle) and the second principal component (right) were presented from basal to apical and from proximal to distal. PND, postnatal day.
Model-based analysis of clustered cell loss.
(A) Evaluation of the extent of clustered cell loss by comparison with the extent of clustering based on a model of random cell loss. The extent of cell clustering in the experimental data was much higher than would have been expected from random cell loss (99% confidence intervals within two lines) (Welch's t-test, ***p < 0.001). (B) Construction of two models of hair cell loss (upper: neighborhood effect model; lower: position effect model). Virtual cell loss data were generated from the models and compared with the experimental data (measured). (C) Evaluation of the goodness-of-fit of the two models to the experimental data using the error score, which measures the extent of deviation of the clustering properties generated by the models from those observed in real samples. (D) Assessment of the relative contributions of the two models (neighborhood effect and position effect) to achieve the best fit to the experimental data. The two models contribute differentially under various conditions. The color code shows the proportion of lost OHCs against the total OHCs. (E) Overall pattern of contribution from two models. Note that the neighborhood effect makes a stronger contribution in young adult mice, whereas the position effect makes a stronger contribution in aged mice (means ± SD). Number of samples; n = 10 (PND 30), 14 (PND 60), 9 (PND 120), and 10 (Noise). PND, postnatal day.
Source data for Figure 4A, C, D and E.
Simulation analysis of clustered cell loss.
(A) A pair of 'probability matrix' (upper panel) and 'cell matrix' (lower panel). The intensities of elements in the 'probability matrix' indicate the probability of cell loss for the next round of the simulation runs for individual cells. White pixels in the 'cell matrix' indicate the locations of already lost cells in previous rounds of the simulation runs. (B) An example of simulated histograms with different amounts of two effects (neighborhood effect and position effect). These histograms indicate the frequency distribution of cell loss clusters with different sizes. (C) Comparison of experimental data and simulation results for a given cochlear sample (No. 517). A heat map (right) shows the relative similarities between the experimental data and the simulation result (reverse of the error score in Figure 4C) when the weights of the neighborhood effect and the position effect were systematically changed. The weighted average point indicated by the red dot was taken as the estimated contributions of two effects to this sample.
Efficient mapping of subcellular pathology and multiple cellular components.
(A) Automated detection of areas with variable degrees of hair cell loss, combined with evaluation of subcellular pathology. All sites of hair cell loss (white squares) were selected, and changes in the F-actin content were evaluated (upper image). White squares with dotted lines are representative analysis areas, and are enlarged at lower left. Hair cells surrounded by intact hair cells (crosses) or next to lost cells (asterisks) were compared for their F-actin content (lower right). The graph reveals loss of F-actin in hair cells adjacent to lost cells. Scale bars, 100 μm (upper) and 10 μm (lower). [n = 108 (PND 60) and 103 (Noise), paired t-test for comparison within the group, Welch's t-test with Bonferroni's correction for comparison of cell groups between different experimental conditions, ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant, p > 0.05.] (B) Modified ScaleS technique can be adapted to multiple immunohistochemistry of cellular and subcellular components at PND 5. Antibodies against CtBP2, VGLUT3, NF200, and SOX2 were used to detect multiple components in situ. Scale bars, 10 μm. HC, hair cell; IHC, inner hair cell; OHC, outer hair cell; PND, postnatal day.
Source data for Figure 5A.
First the line passing through the centers of two images were generated, and the line passing through the center of the image overlap and perpendicular to the first line was created (the center line).
Distance of each pixel to the center line was defined as x. The pixel that has the largest distance was selected and its x value was normalized to be 1.
Distribution of intensity peaks within the plane of the first and second principal components.
The first principal component matched the longitudinal axis, while the second matched the radial axis.
The method of stitching two arcs.
Among the dots on the two arcs, the open dots were removed and the closed dots were fitted with a spline curve.
Extraction of cell candidates by template matching.
Left; Template matching with the small template image (upper left) was performed for individual x-y images within the image stack. Right; Detection and labeling of correlation peaks distributed within three-dimensional matrix generated by calculation of cross-correlation. Cell candidates were assemblies of correlation peaks grouped by connected-component labeling.
Functions of the third and fourth machine learning models.
Cell candidates detected by the first and the second machine learning models were further categorized into three rows by the third model (cells marked by dots with different colors correspond to the three rows.). The spaces between detected OHCs (asterisks) were detected and evaluated the possible presence of OHCs escaped in the previous detection processes.
Comparison of detection efficiencies between a standard image processing method and our method (Paired t-test, both p < 0.0001, n = 10 linearized whole cochlear images).
Comparison of 3D watershed and our machine learning based method.
There are many duplicate count and false detection with 3D watershed method.
An example of fitting the increasing distance between IHCs and the modiolus to a smooth spiral.
The line with the minimum sum of squared errors was chosen to be the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical coordinate system.
An example of inner hair cell locations (black dots) viewed from the axial direction.
The angle (φ) was measured from the line (red line) connecting the center of the spiral and the inner hair cell located at the end of the apex (green dot).
Evaluation of the extent of correlation between two curves in the plane of φ-p.
Within this plane, the positions of spiral A and B were aligned. First, the shift in φ was adjusted (middle). Subsequently, the shift in p was adjusted (right).
Representative examples of hair cell images where manual estimation of cell loss was difficult.
The number of lost cells is difficult to estimate when the size of cell-negative area increases in the basal turn (left). Disorganized rows of OHCs were frequently observed in the apical turn (right). Identification of lost cell positions is difficult when cell density is not high enough to estimate the rows (left) or cells are not aligned as horizontal rows (right). Scale bars, 10 μm.
Procedures of obtaining parameters necessary for radial alignment (along y-axis) of cell centers.
Calculation of an averaged y position of the cell group (a red circle) and a vertical spread of the cell group (a red vertical line). These two parameters were calculated in the area (colored in gray) containing more than two 'cell centers'. Black dots indicate the positions of 'cell centers', and the variable x0 indicates the x-coordinate of the averaged cell center within the gray area.
Procedures of obtaining parameters necessary for longitudinal alignment (along x-axis) of cell centers.
Calculation of the horizontal distance between adjacent cells (red horizontal line). The nearest cell in the rectangular area (colored in gray) was selected for the calculation. The variables x0 and y0 are the coordinates of the parental cell center (red dot).
Details of machine learning models (related to Figure 2).
*. IHC, inner hair cell.
†. OHC, outer hair cell.
¶. Adjacent groups in direction of 0–60°, 60–120°, 120–180°, 180–240°, 240–300°, 300–360° with the y-axis as an initial line in the x-y plane.
††. Initial image size is 21 × 69 pixels in width and height. The image is resized in 7 × 23 then reshaped in 1 × 161.
*. Data from 10 samples (PND30: two sample, PND60: three sample, ACL: two sample, NCL: three sample). Data are expressed as means ± SD.
¶. Recover rate of manually identified hair cells by the automated detection algorithm (almost synonymous with recall).
††. The number of hair cells identified by both manual and automated detection divided by the number of hair cells identified by automated detection (almost synonymous with precision).
‡‡.The proposed method in this study (principle 1 + principle 2).
§§. The method using the first half of the proposed method. For details please see 'Principles of auto-detection by machine learning' in Appendix 2.
Inter-operator percent match in void space detection (related to Experimental procedures).
*. Sample 1, two months old, total loss rate of OHCs: 1.7%.
†. Sample 2, two months old with noise exposure, total loss rate of OHCs: 8.1%.
‡. Sample 3, one month old, total loss rate of OHCs: 2.2%.
§. Sample 4, four months old, total loss rate of OHCs: 4.2%.
¶. Skilled human operators (A, B, and C).
††. Auto, automated OHC loss counting program.
Number of training and test dataset, and performance evaluation of machine learning models (related to Figure 2).


text:
Wild Idaho Rising Tide
Wild Idaho Rising Tide (WIRT) confronts the root causes of climate change, water degradation, and air pollution, by asserting direct actions and promoting locally organized solutions, in solidarity with frontline communities of resistance and an international, volunteer, grassroots network of activists.
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WIRT Newsletter: September Events
Posted on September 7, 2013 by WIRT
Fellow activists and friends,
Wild Idaho Rising Tide (WIRT) and allied activists have invited hundreds of tribal and non-tribal friends, students, and supporters in north central Idaho, the Treasure Valley, and beyond to the following events. Please participate and contact WIRT at wild.idaho.rising.tide@gmail.com and/or 208-301-8039 to arrange carpools from the Moscow/Pullman area to Bellingham, Boise, Helena, and Lapwai.
Sign the Stop the Megaloads Petition (Ciarra Greene)
A third anti-megaload petition, addressed to Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forest Supervisor Rick Brazell, the U.S. President and Congress, the Idaho governor and legislature, and four regional county commissioners, urges the Forest Service to enforce its jurisdiction over megaload shipments across the Nez Perce-Clearwater National Forest. Warning of the long-lasting effects of environmental and social injustices in the Highway 12 and Alberta tar sands regions, which cannot be repaired through financial settlements, the petition encourages Forest Service adherence to the scientific process and a complete assessment of the possible impacts of megaload transportation through the Wild and Scenic River corridor, before megaload transit authorization.
On behalf of WIRT's 2000 members, our signature and comments on this petition added 5500 signatures, by incorporating the 3500 online and in-person signatures of the Petition to Deny Permits for Transport of Massively Oversized Equipment on U.S. Highway 12, submitted to the Idaho Transportation Department and Governor Otter, and the approximately 2000 online and in-person signatures of the currently circulated Petition to Deny Permits for Massively-Oversized Transports in the Northwest and Northern Rockies, addressing elected and appointed officials in Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington.
Please add your name and comments to the petition to Stop the Megaloads' 700 signatures, and request that all of your associates do the same, via facebook, email, Twitter, and other social media.
Saturday, September 7: Human Rights Day at the Market (City of Moscow)
The annual Human Rights Day information booth near the Friendship Square fountain at the Saturday, September 7, Moscow Farmers Market will feature displays, brochures, children's activities, and a gallery of pictures and information about Moscow women (including a core WIRT organizer) representing different areas of work, to depict this year's theme, Women and Work: Supporting Progress toward Equality. Stop by this and the WIRT table between 8 am and 1 pm and take part in community discussions.
Sunday, September 8: Nimiipuu Against Megaloads Teach-In (Nimiipuu Activists)
Nimiipuu Nation community members who are concerned about the recent tar sands megaload protests that occurred on August 5 through 8, 2013, encourage and welcome youth, elders, and people of all ages to participate in a community discussion at the Lapwai City Park and the Pi-Nee-Waus Community Center in Lapwai, Idaho, from 4 to 6 pm on Sunday, September 8. The teach-in aims to provide the Nimiipuu Nation and community information and background about the megaloads and the history of Nimiipuu activism, including the perspectives of nation members who wish to share their knowledge on this topic. Along with dialogue about why the Nimiipuu Nation wants to stop the megaloads and support other indigenous communities in their struggles against tar sands exploitation, facilitators will host a community forum on this issue. The teach-in will also offer updates on the federal court case and legalities, in preparation for the hearing on Monday, September 9, in Boise, Idaho. Please bring an open mind, positive attitude, and ideas for next steps. For further information, contact Ciarra Greene at 928-266-6527 or ciarrag@nezperce.org. Moscow/Pullman area carpools depart the WIRT Activist House at 3 pm.
Monday, September 9: Rally for Indigenous Environment (Nimiipuu Activists)
Nez Perce tribal activists and allies are gathering in solidarity on the West Jefferson Street steps of the Idaho Capitol in Boise between 1 and 4 pm Mountain time on Monday, September 9. Please join this anti-megaload rally before the associated federal court hearing, to send a clear, strong, unified message to elected Idaho officials that the Highway 12 corridor is not for sale to corporate America. Participants will protest Omega Morgan's transport of General Electric megaloads to tar sands extraction sites in Alberta, Canada, to speak out against massive water contamination, environmental degradation, and the rape of Mother Earth. Bring your spirit of resistance, voice, signs, banners, and moccasins to stomp on Governor Butch Otter's plan to stifle tribal sovereignty and treaty rights.
Monday, September 9: Nez Perce Tribe & Idaho Rivers United Hearing (Advocates for the West)
Representing co-plaintiffs Idaho Rivers United (IRU) and the Nez Perce Tribe before federal Judge B. Lynn Winmill at 4:30 pm (originally scheduled at 4 pm) on Monday, September 9, Advocates for the West (AW) attorneys Laird Lucas and Bryan Hurlbutt and contract attorney Natalie Havlina will seek an injunction against megaloads traveling up the U.S. Highway 12 corridor. On August 8, AW filed the lawsuit against the U.S. Forest Service, for its failure to uphold the same court's February 6 order that the federal agency has the authority and legal responsibility to protect the public Wild and Scenic River corridor from megaloads. The Forest Service did not enforce its own formative rules, when it arbitrarily, capriciously, and with questionable discretion allowed a 255-foot long, 21-foot high, 644,000-pound Omega Morgan-hauled megaload to enter the river corridor on August 7. Everyone is invited to pack the McClure federal building court room at 550 West Fort Street in Boise. Please dress respectfully, arrive early, and continue to stand in support of the Nez Perce Tribe and IRU, for this historic hearing.
Idaho Rivers United and the Nez Perce Tribal Executive Committee chair are conducting a press conference either at noon on the State Capitol steps and/or after the hearing on Monday, to maximize opportunities for public attendance. IRU has also reserved space for allies to converge at 6 pm on Monday evening, in the Boiler Room at the Bardenay Restaurant and Distillery, 610 Grove Street in Boise.
To travel to these events, Moscow/Pullman area carpools leaving the WIRT Activist House at 6 am on Monday morning can offer six round-trip rides and possible lodging in Boise, if each participant pitches in about $25 or more in gas funds, depending on the number of riders.
AW Files Suit to Stop Megaloads from Traveling up Highway 12 (Advocates for the West)
Thursday, September 12: Learn the WIRT Song (Jeanne McHale)
Core WIRT activist Jeanne McHale calls for your assistance: "Planet-loving musicians needed! Anyone who is interested in learning to sing and play with any instrument The Tide is Rising, written by Melanie Harby and Roy Zimmerman, we are gathering for a practice at the WIRT Activist House at 7 pm on Thursday evening, September 12. Send me a personal message for more info and an MP3 of the song. My goal is to get as many people as possible to join in performing this song at the fundraiser planned for September 20 at the Unitarian Church in Moscow. The concert will benefit Nez Perce tribal activists who were arrested during the recent blockades of Omega Morgan-hauled megaloads. I have the notes, chords, and lyrics of the song, if you want them. The upcoming group performance will be in another key than the original, recorded version. This is a powerful song and a very worthy cause. Peace Band members, WIRT activists, and random musical cohorts with whom I would love to work, I hope you will join me. All are welcome!" WIRT activists are eagerly anticipating this learning experience and benefit concert with all of you. Thanks, Jeanne! Please direct inquiries about the location of the WIRT Activist House through personal messages to WIRT.
The Tide is Rising (Melanie Harby & Roy Zimmerman)
Sunday & Monday, September 15 & 16: September Showdown Against Coal Exports (Coal Export Action)
Our Montana comrades sent us this email alert to invite interested activists to Helena. At least two WIRT members will participate in this great event. Sign up, contact WIRT about carpools, travel to Big Sky Country, and visit a rail line with Coal Export Action and us!
"This summer, the climate movement grew in unprecedented ways. In Maine, activists blocked a train carrying oil from the Bakken shale fields. In Idaho, members of the Nez Perce tribe blockaded a highway to stop the transport of drilling equipment to the Alberta tar sands. In Richmond, California, more than 200 protesters were arrested for trespassing at a Chevron oil refinery.
This month, it's Montana's turn. On September 15, people from across the region will converge in Helena, Montana, for a direct action to reclaim our future from the biggest carbon polluter of all: the coal industry.
Whether you're ready to participate in civil disobedience, or want to support others doing so, you can help stop Big Coal in Montana. Sign up for the September Showdown Against Coal Exports!
Companies like Arch Coal want to open vast new areas in Montana to mining, so they can export coal overseas. Rail towns like Bozeman, Helena, and Missoula would see increased coal dust, diesel fumes, and noise pollution from uncovered coal trains headed to the West Coast. When it's burned overseas, coal from Montana could become one of the largest new sources of carbon pollution on the planet.
The Coal Export Action network is coordinating a direct action to take back our rail lines from the coal industry. Rail should be used to transport agricultural goods and clean energy equipment, and we'll drive this point home with a peaceful, disciplined civil disobedience on September 15.
If you're not quite ready to risk arrest, there are other ways to get involved. At noon on September 15, before the direct action, we'll hold a family-friendly rally in Helena's Hill Park. The next morning, on September 16, we'll take our message directly to state officials in the State Capitol building. These are both opportunities to support those risking arrest.
You can help make this action a success, as we take back the future of our health, climate, and railways from the coal industry. Sign up to join the September Showdown Against Coal Exports!"
Join September's Showdown Against Coal Exports (Coal Export Action)
Wednesday & Tuesday, September 25 & October 1: Spokane and Tri-Cities Anti-Coal Rallies
Occupy Spokane and WIRT are co-coordinating demonstrations of public outrage at the Millennium Bulk (coal export) Terminals Longview public scoping hearings. We will send testimony talking points and carpool transportation schedules soon. Meanwhile, please see the Columbia Riverkeeper guide to providing oral and written testimony about Longview's proposed coal export project and the pertinent Washington Department of Ecology website pages for more information and comment submission.
9/17: Cowlitz Expo Center in Longview, 9/25: Spokane Convention Center in Spokane,
10/1: The Trac Center in Pasco, 10/9: Clark County Fairgrounds in Vancouver,
10/17: Tacoma Convention Center in Tacoma
What Can We Do to Stop Coal Exports in Longview? (Columbia Riverkeeper)
Millennium Bulk Terminals Longview Proposal (Washington Department of Ecology)
Thursday & Friday, September 26 & 27: Carbon Exports Forum & Rising Tide Regional Summit (Northwest Rising Tide Groups)
Although Portland Rising Tide in Oregon comprises a very large and established chapter of Rising Tide North America, nascent Cascadia groups have only recently emerged or re-started in Bellingham, Olympia, Seattle, and possibly Vancouver, Washington, and in Victoria and Vancouver, British Columbia. At the University of Washington in Seattle, various Rising Tide colleagues from Moscow, Olympia, Portland, and Vancouver are converging on Thursday, September 26, to host the Carbon Exports Forum, a panel presentation and discussion about 20 proposed Northwest fossil fuel projects and radical resistance to them throughout the region. After this event, a dozen or more co-workers and friends will gather for a celebration at an activist's house and possibly stay for the night, before heading together on Friday morning to a private farm setting near Bellingham.
On that last September Friday, Rising Tide groups are holding a regional summit in Bellingham, to meet each other and expand our relationships and to build and coordinate coherent strategies in our local campaigns and as a regional network. Maximizing the summit's focus on strategy, a facilitator will lead conversations, and participants will not engage in skill shares or workshops. Because many of the fossil fuel export projects on the coast connect to Alaska, Idaho, and Montana (as through coal and Bakken shale oil trains from inland mines to ocean ports), we need to develop a unified strategy that supports each other in escalating the fight against climate chaos. After the Mount Vernon, Washington, Interstate 5 bridge collapse caused by a megaload, our comrades on the West Coast feel a connection and affinity with WIRT, and have been asking how they can help with our work against the tar sands invasion, besides actually coming to Idaho, which some folks are considering. As one of the earlier Northwest chapters, we would be more than welcome at the summit, despite the distance of the trip to it. WIRT has promised to do our best to bring a few activists to participate in the panel and the strategy session, which will cover both incoming and outgoing tar sands and other fossil fuel infrastructure resistance. Please call WIRT (or expect a call, core activists!) for more information.
P.O. Box 9817, Moscow, Idaho 83843
WildIdahoRisingTide.org
Facebook.com/WildIdaho.RisingTide
Twitter.com/WildIdahoRT
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Some years ago I was sitting in the accountancy module B212 'window dressing and off balance sheet techniques' during my Masters course when the lecturer at the time piped up that one of the biggest fears in was the fact that mortgages were lent long whilst money was saved or acquired from the market short. In principle short money can be called for very quickly whilst paying back a mortgage on demand is impossible. A interesting discussion took place as we considered the possibilities of savers suddenly loosing confidence and withdrawing funds to stuff under the mattress or inter-bank lending suddenly drying up. And the fact that as mortgagees we would be unable to pay our green loans on demand loans so all chaos could result. We also in passing have a quaint notion that the money in the bank is actually ours to call on on demand – look to how Cyprus handled their depositors!
Obviously I am drawn to this reminiscing from a course more than 20 years ago by the thought that we have actually looked into the abyss over the last few years in the banking crisis. If this loss of confidence had gone much further there is actually no way that any government could cover all of the required finance without long term fiscal consequences. When looking at any proposed bailout of 700billion in the US this was clear – the figures are simply too huge. So how did we get here when the risk was well known. We had all began to assume that the ongoing growth period from the mid nineties would go on forever – we believed for a short while the Brown and Bush nonsense that the boom and bust and the cyclic nature of economies was a thing of the past. Actually not many economists bought this line but there seemed to be over the last ten years a creeping complacency in the market and in the economy at large that growth would continue house prices would rise and all would continue as before. So we are just past the worst of it house prices are on the rise again and we are set for another round of wish and hope. I can't wait for the first labour politician who tells us we can take the breaks of public spending.
One of the problems faced by HBOS for example was the breaking of the linkage between grannies saving, and loans being made to the newly forming families to buy their homes. Grannies tend to keep their money safe in a Bank for a rainy day – so save relatively long. More of the money that was being lent was being acquired on the wholesale market thus very short and when money becoming in short supply and loans were called in the whole circus came to an end. Coupled with this trend the window dressing of junk debt and reselling as triple A in other areas meant in some cases these inter-bank loans were unpinned by toxic and rubbish debt that could not in any case be collected. So a prediction of an accounting professor twenty years ago came all to true in a few turbulent weeks three years ago.
What is a little depressing about the saga is they who carried out these feats of financial engineering received the plaudits of their peers only a short while before the drop. The CEO of HBOS for example was hailed as a 'genius' only a year before the end. To some extend it was rather pleasing to see another rueful former CEO contemplating the handover of his company in a garage sale to one of his former rivals. A 300 year old company was sunk in that case during his short three years at the helm – a nice achievement not unique unfortunately if you look across the water.
There is an old saying that goes 'when the going gets tough the politicians run for cover' and politicians on both sides of the Atlantic squarely place the blame on the city or processes such as short trading and not themselves. Not minded to the fact that their policies and management of the economic context and their abject complacency has led us to where we are now. In the UK eye watering public sector borrowing to finance the client state, virtually no monetary policy, the encouragement of a reckless financial environment the surreal belief that would go on forever and the belief in the infallibility of their stewardship and lack of responsibilities are where some the explanation lies.
We even have the left in the UK claiming the debt is being caused by the current government and it was the nasty banks that let the country down. Partially true, I knew quite a few of these rather intellectually limited but supremely arrogant idiots, but the almost criminal management of the economy by the Labour government and the financing of the client welfare state was at the heart of the problem in the UK.
If we are talking about banning reckless bankers how about reckless Politicians anyone?


text:
Lest we forget - if we haven't already.
Toby said...
Absolutely, Mound. I wonder how many people know that.
12:58 PM, August 31, 2016
Northern PoV said...
Without meaning the accomplishment of the workers and while there are a few parochial origins to the North American timing ....
Adopting "Labour Day" in Sept. was a basically a canny move by Govt in N.A. to kill off any possibility of joining the WW labour day: May 1.
6:32 PM, August 31, 2016
edit: demeaning
When people around me complain about certain excesses of unions (yes, those exists too), I ask them a simple question which leave them speechless. All of them. So far, no one managed to muster an answer.
The question is: who was first, slave drivers or unions?
A..non
3:09 PM, September 01, 2016
In this country the people who came here many years ago, were escaping some sort of persecution., They worked hard and 3:09 what a great question. Now, we are right back at the beginning of "slave driving" entities. The only people in this country who are not immigrants are Newfoundlanders. Yes they are. Newfoundland and Labrador is Britain's Oldest Colony and those people from the 1500's when Sir Humphrey Gilbert took possession of Newfoundland for the UK went there to fish. Then along came Confederation of Newfoundland and they lost everything. Now, people like Elizabeth May do not want the Federal Government to make sure Muskrat Falls doesn't produce hydro power to the Martime Provinces.Then arrived Unions and it worked for a time. Now almost all unions are gone and Newfoundland is back to being what it was before oil. So...what is the answer? Do we demand Democratic Reform? Is it time we recognized over population? Do people have the right to over populate this world. Does religion have the right to demand over procreation? One thing is certain, this country needs to stop operating like it is 13 countries. For example, a labour certificate from New Brunswick won't get a person a job in Alberta. It is a new ending blank mind standing over the country drawing up one mistake after another.
10:44 AM, September 02, 2016
that ought to does produce hydro power
Newfoundlanders are not immigrants? They're certainly not the aboriginal people of that land. In fact they exterminated the aboriginal people of that land. Hunted them down for sport. They are immigrants and they carry a genocidal past. Beothuk.
12:22 PM, September 02, 2016
I think you said at one time you are a lawyer? I suggest you look at the Terms of Acceptance of the people of Newfoundland and Labrador into the Dominion of Canada in 1949. Newfoundlanders at the time of Confederation were and are still not considered immigrants. Beothuk are the aboriginal people of the island of Newfoundland and were Algonkian-speaking hunter-gatherers. This was not mentioned in the original comment. It seems sticking to the topic is also a problem especially when castigating others for doing the same thing.
You're splitting hairs to the point of pomposity.
It certainly seems you can be a jerk.
Remembering Walkerton
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Can We Undo Our Colonial Tragedy?
On Canada's East Coast, a Mirror Image
Two Takes on Shifty Steve
What Will Be Stephen Harper's Legacy?
Taking Responsibility for the Carnage
Hoist on His Own Orange Petard
It'll Be Good to See His Heels
Practice What You Preach, Junior
Bankrolling Islamic Extremism
Why the F-35 Is a Lousy Idea - For Everyone
Will the Real Donald Trump Please Stand Up
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You Can See It From Space
The Problem We Won't Admit Even Exists
Hamsterkaufe, Bitte
Stephane Dion Dropped from Environment Committee
May Stays
Was It Something I Said?
And Now a Few Words from John Maynard Keynes
Define "Normal"
Oh Look, It's Prime Minister Showboat !!
PTSD For the Masses
Well, There Goes the Neighbourhood
If You Want to Stop Hearing These Stories, You Hav...
And We're a Long Way From Done Yet
"The Way We've Been Thinking Can't Be Right"
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To Fareed Zakaria, He's a "Bullshit Artist."
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A Part of Canada Died Today.
Trump's Mental Illness
The Summer That Never Was
Trudeau, Netanyahu's Willing Dupe
Sam Bee on Hillary, Gold Star Moms and "Hemorrhoid...


Did anybody tell Nissan that there aren't any cars in "Star Wars"?
Despite the complete absence of cars from the "Star Wars" universe, Nissan has a special edition based on the upcoming movie "Rogue One: A Star Wars Story," and it's even made a commercial for it.
Nissan's super long name for this special edition is 2017 Rogue: Rogue One Star Wars Limited Edition. The car is based on the new 2017 Rogue, except there's a special badge on it, which Lucasfilm helped design. There's plenty more, too, but we won't see it until the Los Angeles Auto Show in November. When you buy one, though, you also get a limited edition Death Trooper replica helmet, which is pretty cool.
The 30-second spot highlights the car's active safety features amid a flurry of "Star Wars" action, involving AT-STs, TIE Fighters, Imperial Stormtroopers and droids. Nissan will also roll out a minute-long commercial that will be shown in movie theaters.
Update, 7:58 p.m. ET: Amended the description of the Rogue One Limited Edition.


Nagaland Chief Minister T.R. Zeliang on Tuesday asked the farmers to revive the production of traditional cotton in the state."In the past, our people used to grow cotton along with paddy as the climate in many parts of Nagaland is suitable for growing cotton," Zeliang said at the inauguration of the first Apparel and Garment Making Centre here."Our people produced cotton and made clothes locally, but today this practice is disappearing in our present society. I feel that the local population should also revive the production of our traditional cotton," he said.The Apparel and Garment Making Centre at the District Industries Centre complex was inaugurated by union Textiles Minister Santosh Kumar Gangwar.The project was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his visit to Nagaland in December 2014.
Zeliang said this centre will help in utilising the talents of the people of the northeast as they have their own ingenuity, as can be seen from the beautiful motifs and unique designs in their textiles."Of late, many youth of the northeast are taking keen interest in fashion technology and fashion designing, either as a hobby or as a profession," he said, adding that Naga youth Atsu Sekhose has made a name for himself as a successful fashion designer in Paris.Gangwar said his ministry has sanctioned three sericulture projects in Nagaland, with central support of Rs.101.25 crore in the last two years, and added that these projects will support production in all three varieties of silk -- Eri, Muga and Mulberry, from plantation to finished product to marketing.He said these projects will help about 5,000 farmers.


text:
Jody Rainwater Passed Away December 24th
/Penny Parsons/ Charles Edward Johnson, a.k.a. Jody Rainwater, passed away in his sleep on the evening of Saturday, December 24, 2011, following a lengthy illness. He was 92. Jody was born on April 13, 1919 near Mount Airy, North Carolina. He began his musical career in 1936, on WMFR radio in High Point. After serving in the Marines during World War II, Jody teamed with Woody Hauser in the Blue Ridge Mountain Boys, at WTOB in Winston Salem. There, Jody began to hone his skills as a comedian, adapting the stage name, "Little Jody." The legendary bass player also played mandolin and did all of the booking for the band. In 1948, he joined Smokey Graves & the Blue Star Boys at WDBJ in Roanoke, Virginia.
In the fall of 1949, Jody joined Lester Flatt and Earl Scruggs in Lexington, Kentucky, as their booking agent. He soon began doing comedy routines with the band, and when Cedric Rainwater left the Foggy Mountain Boys in the summer of 1950, Jody took over as bass player and bass singer. Jody made his first recordings with the Foggy Mountain Boys in October of 1950. Just a month later they were in Nashville for their first Columbia session, which included Jody's original song, "I'm Waiting to Hear You Call Me Darling." Their two sessions in 1951 produced fourteen songs. Jody sang the bass vocal part on the three gospel quartets: "I'm Working on a Road," "Get in Line Brother," and "Brother, I'm Getting Ready to Go."
Jody remained with Flatt & Scruggs until June of 1952. His communication and business skills made him a natural for radio work, and he settled at WSVS-AM in Crewe, Virginia, near Richmond. Jody was the station's morning disc jockey for almost 20 years, playing country and bluegrass music. He was one of the station's most popular air personalities ever. Jody also continued to play music on the side for many years with his band, The Jamboree Gang.
During his time at WSVS, Jody often brought bands into the station to perform live, and was responsible for Flatt & Scruggs spending about five months based at WSVS in 1954. Jody also promoted concerts, and he served as emcee for these and for other concerts in the Richmond area, and later at bluegrass festivals around the southeast. After leaving WSVS in 1971, Jody worked at various radio stations around Virginia and North Carolina until his retirement in 1984.
In recent years, Jody again became involved at WSVS radio, as a consultant, mentor, and elder statesman. He was inducted into the Virginia Folk Music Association's Hall of Fame in 2000, and was honored by the IBMA with a Distinguished Achievement Award in 2009.
Jody is survived by his wife, Emma, daughters Pat Johnson and Charlie Rainwater, son Ronald L. Gallagher, eleven grandchildren, and eight great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by sons Jerry M. Johnson and Robert T. Gallagher, both in 2004.
Visitation will be on Tuesday, December 27 at 6:00 PM and funeral will be on Wednesday, December 28 at 1:00 PM, both at Jennings-McMillian Funeral Home, 200 W. Carolina Avenue, Crewe, VA. Following the service, burial will be at Trinity Memorial Gardens in Rice, VA.
In lieu of flowers, the family has requested that memorial donations be made to: The Virginia Museum of Radio Entertainment (VMRE), PO Box 47, Crewe, VA 23930. A special fund has been set up in Jody's memory to support the Museum's educational programs in area schools. The VMRE is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization.
Jody Rainwater
Charles Edward Johnson
Silent Strings


text:
package org.apache.fineract.portfolio.floatingrates.exception;

import org.apache.fineract.infrastructure.core.exception.AbstractPlatformResourceNotFoundException;

public class FloatingRateNotFoundException extends
		AbstractPlatformResourceNotFoundException {

	public FloatingRateNotFoundException(final Long id) {
		super("error.msg.floatingrate.id.invalid",
				"Floating Rate with identifier " + id + " does not exist", id);
	}

	public FloatingRateNotFoundException(final String globalisationMessageCode) {
		super(globalisationMessageCode, "Floating Rate does not exist");
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: NSDecimalNumber from NSString not equal? I've got the weirdest thing happening.
Code:
NSString *input = @"357835487953487345879345897345897345897534";
NSLog(@"%@", input);
NSDecimalNumber *number = [NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:input];
NSLog(@"%@", number);

Output:
 357835487953487345879345897345897345897534
 357835487953487345879345897345897345890000

So the number's aren't the same, I it has something to do with the accuracy of floating point numbers. So what can I do to get these to be equal? Why is it replacing the last few digits with zero?

A: Check the documentation for NSDecimalNumber

NSDecimalNumber, an immutable subclass of NSNumber, provides an object-oriented wrapper for doing base-10 arithmetic. An instance can represent any number that can be expressed as mantissa x 10^exponent where mantissa is a decimal integer up to 38 digits long, and exponent is an integer from –128 through 127.

When I run your code they are the same until the 38th digit:
357835487953487345879345897345897345897534
357835487953487345879345897345897345890000

A: It is replacing the end of your number by zeroes because an NSDecimal number is limited in precision… all numbers are. So internally,
357835487953487345879345897345897345897534
is stored as
35783548795348734587934589734589734589 * 1E4
You will not have this issue with a shorter number (i.e. a number with less sygnificant digits).
From the docs:

NSDecimalNumber, an immutable subclass of NSNumber, provides an
  object-oriented wrapper for doing base-10 arithmetic. An instance can
  represent any number that can be expressed as mantissa x 10^exponent
  where mantissa is a decimal integer up to 38 digits long, and exponent
  is an integer from –128 through 127.

In short, you may need other storage solutions to hold numbers with more sygnificant digits (digits others than zeroes).
You may want to look for arbitrary precision arithmetics. Take a look at: GMP. Maybe it can help you.


The Crusades, Christendom's attempts to win back the Holy Land and Jerusalem, began in 1095 with the First Crusade. The Muslims had taken Jerusalem in 1076.
The Crusaders encountered little resistance for the most part, and reached Jerusalem by June 7, 1099. They began their attack on the 13th, and by the 17th, had slaughtered every Muslim in the city. They established the Kingdom of Jerusalem and held it for nearly 100 years.
By 1187, however, "Saladin had enough of broken treaties, renegade Crusader Princes' (see Reginald of Chatillon) attacking Arab caravans and the harassment of his people. Saladin's army started a march on Jerusalem. His army met up with King Guy [de Lusignon] at the Horns of Hattin on July 4th, 1187. Guy was poorly advised. He was greatly outnumbered but he attacked, and after a long, bloody battle, was taken prisoner. Balian of Ibelin was also captured at this time, but begged permission to return to Jerusalem to look after his ailing wife, the former wife of Amaury. Saladin wasn't heartless, and allowed Balian to go.


text:
Days Gone To Get Free DLC Starting In June
Paul David Nuñez April 24th, 2019 - 1:31 PM
Today, Bend Studio has announced that Days Gone will be getting free DLC after the game's release. Game Director Jeff Ross said, "Days Gone is almost here! The team at Bend Studio can't wait for players to test their luck against three difficulty modes that ship with the game on April 26… but starting in June, a whole new difficulty mode and new challenges each week are coming for all Days Gone owners with an active internet connection – for free!
The new 'Survival' difficulty mode will come with increased difficulty settings, no fast travel or Survival vision. It will also come with an immersive HUD that will remove maps and indicators from the gameplay screen.
Jeff Ross says that "every tweak and change made is designed to further immerse players and ratchet up the tension to make this the definitive survival experience".
Starting in June, each week will get a new Bike, Horde, or Combat challenge. The challenges take the key gameplay features of Days Gone and twists them in unique ways. Doing these challenges will lead to additional items and rewards. More information about the challenges will be given down the road.
New trophies and unique bike skins can also be earned while playing this new content in June.
Leading up to the game's release, Bend Studio and PlayStation have been ramping up the marketing and have been releasing videos going over every aspect of the game.
Earlier this week, more information about the many dangers of Days Gone was released. The video went into the different Freakers that you will have to deal with as well as the other human factions.
More videos have been released. One video went into the bike and how it can be upgraded and customized. The other talked about how the animals of Days Gone have changed.
Days Gone releases April 26, 2019, exclusively for the PlayStation 4.
Free DLC
PlayStation 4 exclusive
Paul David Nuñez
[READ FULL BIO]
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