text:
The Old Landmark: Celebrating Apostolic Heritage
'Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set.' Prov. 22.28
Archive for the 'William Booth-Clibborn' Category
The Pentecostal Experience of William Booth-Clibborn
In 1921, William Edmond Booth-Clibborn preached a successful tent revival in Lodi, California. Inspired by the results, Bro. Booth-Clibborn suggested that the revival party continue meetings further south and set up a tent in Holtville. After acquiring the necessary permits and lighting, they began services. Sadly, heavy rains and low attendance literally quenched the fiery services. Unable to pay the light bill for the week of disappointing meetings, Booth-Clibborn and his comrades took temporary jobs as field hands, harvesting corn. The evangelist, unused to such labor and forlorn by his failure, did little work. Finally, he sat down, crestfallen and dejected.
In this moment of self-pity, the Lord began to deal with him. As heavent-sent words began to flow in his spirit, Bro. Booth-Clibborn began to sing the words to one of the greatest anthems of the Apostolic Church:
Down from His glory,
Ever living story,
My God and Savior came,
And Jesus was His name.
Born in a manger,
To His own a stranger,
A Man of sorrows, tears and agony.
O how I love Him! How I adore Him!
My breath, my sunshine, my all in all!
The great Creator became my Savior,
And all God's fulness dwelleth in Him.
What condescension,
Bringing us redemption;
That in the dead of night,
Not one faint hope in sight,
God, gracious, tender,
Laid aside His splendor,
Stooping to woo, to win, to save my soul.
Without reluctance,
Flesh and blood His substance
He took the form of man,
Revealed the hidden plan.
O glorious myst'ry,
Sacrifice of Calv'ry,
And now I know Thou art the great "I AM."
This beloved song, which so gloriously articulates the revelation of the Mighty God in Christ, has inspired generations of Oneness Pentecostals and was perhaps Bro. Booth-Clibborn's most enduring contribution to the movement.
William Booth-Clibborn was the grandson of General William Booth, British founder of the Salvation Army. Booth-Clibborn's mother, Catherine, was a dynamic Salvation Army preacher and commanded the group's work in France, Holland, and Belgium. William, named for her father, was born in France.
When William was a boy, his mother and father, Arthur, resigned their positions with the Salvation Army to pursue a more radical path. In 1902, the family joined Zion, Illinois, the utopian community led by John Alexander Dowie, a famous healing evangelist. Arthur was greatly influenced by Dowie's message and began preaching holiness and healing on his return to England. Catherine also distinguished herself as an international evangelist and traveled extensively preaching amongst various evangelical groups.
In 1908, Arthur Booth-Clibborn learned of a burgeoning group of Pentecostals holding meetings in the Plumstead District of London. He persuaded his youngest son, William, to join him on the trip to London. On the train ride, Arthur asked his 15-year-old son, "William, don't you think you ought to yield your heart to God afresh?" The question pricked his young heart. He had lost the zeal of his repentance experience at boarding school, and he approached the meeting in a small London mission hall with a renewed hunger for the Lord!
The service was led by a Mrs. Cantell, and the young William was transfixed by the passionate singing and speaking in tongues. Arthur Booth-Clibborn spoke eight languages, and William spoke five. The "strange language" was not recognizable to either, but Mr. Booth-Clibborn assured his son that "This is the unknown tongue you read about in Scripture."
Mr. Alexander Moncur Niblock, a Baptist convert who had just received the Holy Ghost a few days before, was the speaker at the Booth-Clibborn's first service. At the altar invitation, William made a strong repentance, praying from 10 PM 'til 1 AM. He experienced a return of his zeal and desire for the Lord.
On Sunday, William and his father attended more Spirit-filled meetings at the Plumstead home of Mr. Bristow. At the evening service, William became insatiably hungry for the baptism of the Holy Spirit. At the altar, he was enraptured by the presence of God, praying fervently, hungrily for the Holy Ghost:
I found myself singing in a beautiful language entirely foreign to me. Its charm and surprising sounds saturated me with an indescribable ecstasy. Every sweet sentence fully & adequately expressed the pent-up feelings of my inflamed heart . . . Direct from the altar of my heart, rising in surging burning billows, the most pleasing incense was reaching the Throne!
So began the experience of faith that led William Booth-Clibborn into an anointed ministry. He was later baptized in Jesus' Name and proclaimed the great truth of the Oneness of God, joining the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World. Disillusioned with some of the later fragmentation of the Pentecostal movement, Booth-Clibborn eventually became less organizationally exclusive but maintained his Oneness stand, developing a remarkable Pentecostal ministry throughout his life. He founded several churches and led Immanuel Temple in Portland, Oregon until his death in 1969 at the age of seventy-six.
*Special thanks to Pat Clibborn, daughter-in-law of W.E. Clibborn, for granting an interview for this article.
Posted in Assemblies of God, Oneness, Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, Tongues, William Booth-Clibborn | 4 Comments »
Psalms and Hymns and Spiritual Songs: the Music of Early Oneness Believers
Music has always been an integral part of the Pentecostal Movement. Bro. Howard Goss, an early Pentecostal pioneer, devoted a chapter of his book, Winds of God, to the advent of Pentecostal music, which he described as "joyous" and an attractive alternative to the mournful worship of traditional churches. Songs were sung "almost at breakneck speed," and the passionate praises penetrated the souls of saints and sinners alike:
This crescendo of joyous, happy people singing unto the Lord was infectious. The sound of victorious Christian living wrapped around you. Unperceived, it seemed to slip down gently into the deeps of your affections, to tap at your heart's door, and unsuspected, spread warmly through your entire being. (Goss 208-209)
Bro. Goss saw Pentecostal music as an important and indispensable element of the early revival: "Without it the Pentecostal Movement could have never made the rapid inroads into the hearts of men and women as it did. Neither could we have experienced a constant, victorious revival over the ensuing fifty years, one in which thousands have been accepted, sealed, and shipped through the world in bond, waiting for the appearance of the Lord" (Goss 212).
The centrality of music in the promotion of Pentecostal worship and an abiding spiritual anointing have produced a number of prolific songwriters. When the Oneness Movement emerged after 1913, Apostolics began to pen new hymns intimating the Oneness stand for full Bible truth and melodiously conveying the doctrines of the Mighty God in Christ, the New Birth, and holy living.
The catalog of Apostolic songwriters is an impressive roll call of some of God's finest preachers and early Pentecostal laborers including: Garfield THaywood, Sis. S.K. Grimes, Alexander R. Schooler, Thoro Harris, Robert C. Lawson, William Booth-Clibborn, and George Farrow. *
G.T. Haywood, first Presiding Bishop of the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, is perhaps the most beloved of all Oneness composers. His songs "I See a Crimson Stream of Blood" and "Jesus, the Son of God" gained widespread popularity even outside of the Oneness movement. Many of his hymns, published in The Bridegroom Songs, a hymnal printed at Christ Temple, his Indianapolis church, are distinctly Apostolic. The chorus of "Do All in Jesus' Name" copyrighted in 1923 says:
Preach in Jesus name, teach in Jesus name,
Heal the sick in His name and always proclaim
It was Jesus' Name in which the power came;
Baptize in His Name, enduring the shame,
For there is vict'ry in Jesus' name.
Similarly, the refrain of Haywood's "The Lord of Lords" says:
He's Lord of lords and King of kings,
The Beginning and the end,
The Father, Son and Holy Ghost,
The dying sinner's Friend.
If you will hear His voice,
Be buried in His name,
Then the Comforter will come to abide.
Haywood was a tireless defender of Oneness doctrine; and when he died in April 1931, he left behind not only scores of hymns and a large body of apologetic tracts, sermons, and books.
Sis. S.K. Grimes also authored many songs. She and her husband, Samuel J. Grimes, served as Apostolic missionaries in Liberia for a number of years, and Grimes succeeded Bishop Haywood as leader of the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World in 1932. One of her most poignant hymns is aptly entitled "Acts 2:38":
O what will you do with Acts two thirty-eight?
The way that leads to life is narrow and straight.
"Repent and be baptized," God is speaking do not wait.
He gives you full directions there in Acts two thirty-eight.
Other significant hymns celebrating the Oneness of God and the Name of Jesus include "The Great I Am" and "Jesus, the Joy of My Soul."
A.R. Schooler, one of the original PAW bishops from Cleveland, Ohio, wrote a number of distinctly Apostolic songs such as "The Name", and "God Died for Me." His 1920 hymn "The Author and the Finisher" proclaims in part: "His word we will obey/In the water we'll be buried in His name." Schooler's "The Bible Manifestation" is an interesting example of Apostolic hymnody. The lyrics are openly critical of apostate denominationalism, which have "left the path apostles trod." The song defends Pentecostal norms such as speaking in tongues, the anointing "of the sick/By the bishopric", foot washing, and communion, and militantly declares: "I'll arise and stand by the Bible manifestation/I'll stand until the Lord shall come."
Schooler also co-wrote many hymns with Thoro Harris, pastor of the Lake Street Mission in Chicago, Illinois, and one of the most fruitful and widely published Pentecostal musicians. Harris, whose most famous tune is unquestionably "Jesus Loves the Little Children", wrote scores of hymns like "Pentecost in My Soul" and "All That Thrills my Soul is Jesus." He was one of the first musicians to produce exclusively Pentecostal hymnals: The Blessed Hope (1910), Jesus Is Coming Soon (1914), Songs of His Coming (1919), and Songs We Love (1921).
Robert C. Lawson, who left the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World to found the Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ of the Apostolic Faith, also contributed a large number of songs to the Pentecostal repertoire. In "Praise Our God", Lawson summates the Oneness view of Jesus Christ:
He overshadowed the Virgin Mary,
Was born a babe in Beth'lem cradle
God vailed [sic] in flesh,
His name was Jesus
Being interpreted was God with us.
Two of his most memorable hymns are "God is Great in My Soul" and "His Name Should be Praised" which boldly states: "I will praise Him for the ev'ning light/That I have entered in/Which shows us that the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are One;/Oh praise the Lord ''tis finished', On Calvary 'twas done!"
William Booth-Clibborn was the grandson of William Booth, the illustrious founder of the Salvation Army. Booth-Clibborn was a powerful Pentecostal evangelist and authored one of the most beloved Oneness compositions, "Down from His Glory." This majestic song inspired in 1921 declares the glory of Christ, the incarnate God:
Down from His glory, ever living story,
My God and Savior came, and Jesus was His name;
Born in a manger to His own a stranger,
A man of sorrows, tears and agony!
What condescension, bringing us redemption,
That in the dead of night, not one faint hope in sight,
God gracious, tender laid aside His splendor,
Stooping to woo, to win, to save my soul!
Without reluctance, flesh and blood His substance,
He took the form of man, revealed the hidden plan;
O glorious myst'ry sacrifice of Calv'ry!
And now I know He is the great "I AM"!
Chorus: Oh how I love Him! How I adore Him!
And all God's fullness dwelleth in Him!
Perhaps the most well-known anthem of Oneness Pentecostalism is George Farrow's "It's All in Him", which so clearly delineates the inter-testamental Oneness revelation of Jesus Christ as the manifest Jehovah God:
The Mighty God is Jesus, the Prince of Peace is He
The Everlasting Father, the King eternally,
The wonderful in wisdom by whom all things were made.
The fullness of the Godhead in Jesus is display'd.
Emmanuel, God with us, Jehovah Lord of hosts,
The omnipresent Spirit who fills the universe,
The Advocate, the High Priest, the Lamb for sinners slain,
The Author of redemption, O glory to His name!
The Alpha and Omega, Beginning and the End,
The Living Word incarnate, the helpless sinner's Friend.
Our wisdom and perfection, our righteousness and pow'r
Yea, all we need is Jesus, we find this very hour
'Our God for whom we've waited,' will be the glad refrain
Of Israel recreated when Jesus comes again.
Lo! He will come and save us, our King and Priest to be,
For in Him dwells all fullness, and Lord of all is He!
Chorus: It's all in Him, it's all in Him,
The fullness of the Godhead is all in Him.
It's all in Him, it's all in Him,
The Mighty God is Jesus, and it's all in Him!
The hymns of early Apostolic believers were inspired by deep spirituality and the freshness of Bible revelations. They were simultaneously anointed and apologetic, glorifying Christ and intimating the deep truths of the Scriptures. The popularity of many of these hymns lasted throughout the early decades of the Oneness movement. Sadly, today their lyrics and tunes are virtually unknown to Apostolic young people, and many of the Oneness songs are indeed endangered. But the musical contributions of our Pentecostal predecessors make up an important part of our Apostolic heritage, and it is the responsibility of the contemporary Church to rediscover and revive the powerful songs of Zion that remain relevant to our strong stand for Acts 2:38 salvation and New Testament doctrine of the Mighty God in Christ, passing from generation to generation the "psalms and hymns and spiritual songs" that so clearly articulate the message of "the faith once delivered unto the saints", born in the Spirit-fueled conflagration of early Pentecostalism and the rich experiences of our Apostolic ancestors.
Goss, Ethel. The Winds of God: the Story of the Early Pentecostal Days (1901-1914) in the Life of Howard A. Goss. Hazelwood, MO: Word Aflame Press, 1977.
Hymns taken from The Bridegroom Songs Indianapolis: Christ Temple, 1924 and Pentecostal Praises. St. Louis: Pentecostal Publishing House, 1947.
Posted in Christ Temple (Indianapolis), Garfield Thomas Haywood, George Farrow, Howard A. Goss, Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, Pentecostal Worship, R.C. Lawson, Sis. S.K. Grimes, United Pentecostal Church International, William Booth-Clibborn | 39 Comments »
1924: Redrawing the Color Line
In 1918, the General Assembly of Apostolic Assemblies and the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World merged, unifying Oneness Pentecostals into a large, interracial body. After being ousted from the Assemblies of God in 1916, the "Jesus Only" faction soon organized into the GAAA under the leadership of Daniel C. O. Opperman. The organization was destined to last only a short while. When the United States entered World War I on April 16, 1917, the government refused to recognize combat exemption for ministers of the fledgling church. In addition, GAAA ministers did not qualify for clergy train fare rates. For these two reasons, the organization sought a merger with the older Pentecostal Assemblies of the World (Clanton 29-30).
The PAW had a nebulous beginning in Los Angeles in 1906. Initially, few records were kept, which is not surprising considering the reticence of early Pentecostal believers to organize or to model themselves after the traditional denominations from which they had emerged. The alignment of the PAW with the Oneness camp may be historically attributable to the influence of Bishop G.T. Haywood, pastor of the large Pentecostal work at 11th & Senate in Indianapolis. Haywood along with his entire congregation accepted rebaptism in Jesus' Name and the doctrine of the mighty God in Christ when Glenn Cook, Pentecostal pioneer and evangelist, came through Indiana in 1915 preaching the Oneness revelation.
While the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World was interracial from its inception, the General Assembly of Apostolic Assemblies was essentially a white organization. The merger of these two groups recreated the racial unity that characterized the Pentecostal revival at Azusa Street Mission in Los Angeles. Bro. Frank Bartleman, journalist and chronicler of the Pentecostal movement in Los Angeles, said of Azusa Street: "The color line is washed away in the blood!" The mission, led by Bro. William Joseph Seymour, a black brother, became a bastion of multiracial unity as believers of every race and color gathered in the makeshift mission to experience the democratizing power of the Holy Ghost. When the GAAA joined the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, retaining the latter name, an initial, conscious effort was made to maintain racial integration.
Unfortunately, the merger was plagued by problems from the beginning. The most critical difficulty seems to have been the location of the annual conference. The South was considered too racially sensitive, and meetings had to be held in the North. At a time when Pentecostals were much less affluent, many Southern ministers could not afford to attend conventions in Northern cities. In 1922, leading white ministers in the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World organized the Southern Bible Conference. William Booth-Clibborn's record of the meeting, A Call to Dust and Ashes, describes a glorious visitation of the Holy Ghost and a prevailing unity and anointing, but the exclusive convention offended many of the black PAW brethren (1).
The following year, the General Conference adopted Resolution 4, with devastating results. The resolution read:
Be it further resolved, that because of conditions now existing in many parts of the country through no fault of the brethren, but rather those that oppose the work of the Lord, it is deemed advisable that two white Presbyters sign the credentials for the white brethren (especially in the southland) and two colored Presbyters sign the papers of the colored brethren. (Golder 78)
While the wording of the resolution seems to suggest the necessity of this measure due to external social forces, it seems likely that the real reason for the policy was racial prejudice. Oneness historians sharply disagree on the meaning and context of Resolution No. 4. White writers like S.C. McClain and Arthur Clanton attribute the adoption to the social mores of the South, repeatedly arguing that racial integration was hindering the work of the Lord, especially below the Mason-Dixon line. Bishop Morris E. Golder, PAW historian, logically asks: "How could any person picking up a credential and looking at the signatures tell who wrote them? Would the ink of the black man be different from that of a white man?" (79). The fissure that began with the passage of Resolution No. 4 broadened over the next year; and at the close of the 1924 General Conference, a majority of the white brethren withdrew and formed the Pentecostal Ministerial Alliance, electing L.C. Hall as the first chairman (Clanton 46).
While it is difficult to recapture the social context that led our predecessors to divide into essentially white and black organizations, Oneness Pentecostals should work at every level to restore greater interracial fellowship and cooperation. Manmade organizations can never replace the true unity of Apostolic believers and the transcendental power of our common Acts 2:38 salvation. Huge strides in fellowship have been made by both the United Pentecostal Church and the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, and we look forward to the day when Christ's prayer "that they all may be one" (Jn. 17:21) is fully answered when the saints of every color and creed gather at God's great throne!
Clanton, Arthur. United We Stand: a History of Oneness Organizations. Hazelwood: MO: Pentecostal Publishing House, 1970.
Booth-Clibborn, William. A Call to Dust and Ashes. St. Paul, MN: 1924.
Golder, Morris E. History of the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World. Indianapolis, 1973.
Posted in Assemblies of God, Azusa Street, D.C.O. Opperman, Frank Bartleman, Garfield Thomas Haywood, General Assembly of Apostolic Assemblies, Morris E. Golder, Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, Pentecostal Church Inc., William Booth-Clibborn | 2 Comments »
We Will Not Bow! Lessons Learned from the Assemblies of God
In August 1943, Mayme Williams, veteran Assemblies of God evangelist and future missionary to the Philippines, wrote a passionate article for the Pentecostal Evangel, the official organ of the AG, appealing to a new generation of Pentecostals to cling to their holiness roots. Her address, entitled "We Will Not Bow", evidences the pre-World War II erosion of Godly standards of living in the Assemblies of God and serves as a cautionary reminder to United Pentecostals, who continue the battle against the encroachment of worldliness and compromise in our own fellowship.
Williams recalls the "early years of the Pentecostal outpouring" and recounts her own experience of receiving gentle instruction from her pastor's wife after her conversion, attributing her ministry to that relationship: " . . . today, I am preaching the gospel largely as the result of that woman's words; yes, and her dress also." She reminisces about those nascent years of Pentecostal faith when "It made no difference if you were sixteen or sixty, you did your hair up, lengthened your dresses, quit the extreme method of so-called make up, and in general put yourself in the class of separated people who were everywhere called by the name 'Holiness'" (Williams 2).
She credits the wave of compromise to satanic influences and foretells a grave future for both the Church and the country if they continue to loosen their moral strictures:
It is a known fact that the great nations of past ages fell when their women let down the standard of modesty. Recently, while in prayer about this very thing, the Holy Spirit spoke to me and said: "THE THING YOU CALL WORLDLINESS IS THE SPIRIT OF IMMODESTY." As I thought on the subject, I realized more than ever before, that God had given me the real definition of the thing. The devil wants to trample the beauty of womanhood and motherhood into the very dust, and to away with all the sacredness of the high calling to which God has called women. If he can get us to be brazen and extreme in dress and actions, any influence we might have had upon our fathers, husbands and sons will be entirely lost. The last days will be especially noted for the let down in standards in the home, the marriage vows and morality." (Williams 2)
She further laments the growing adoption of trousers for women who claim to wear the "immodest dress" because of the demands of their employers (Williams 2).
The Assemblies of God, like other early Pentecostals, adopted strong positions of holiness and separation from the world. AG periodicals included many articles admonishing Christian women to observe modesty in dress, to avoid worldly fashion, and to cover their bodies. Writers also denounced the use of jewelry, cosmetics, and female haircutting. A piece by Eudorus N. Bell called for Pentecostals to use only functional pins and buckles and repudiated "tight lacing" and the disfigurement of vain corsets (2).
In 1925, an unnamed African missionary who had returned to America on furlough sent an editorial resolution to the Pentecostal Evangel lengthily detailing his shock and dismay at the worldliness penetrating the Assemblies of God:
An earnest and loving appeal is prayerfully offered to sisters of our Pentecostal assemblies in Christ Jesus, that since we are looking for our Lord 's soon return from heaven, and are earnestly praying for an outpouring of the Holy Spirit (Joel 2:28). They will with united effort by the grace of God enter into a solemn covenant with Him.
(1) Not to adorn themselves with earrings, necklaces, rings or other ornaments of gold;
(2) With blouses that expose in any degree the back or chest, or with skirts immodestly short;
(3) That they refrain from the use of paint and powder, and from curling of the hair by artificial means. ("A Timely Word" 9)
The writer further requests: "Will pastors who feel concerned and grieved over prevailing conditions among professors of the Pentecostal Baptism in the Holy Spirit read this appeal in their assemblies, and seek as the Spirit directs to stay the tide of worldliness that threatens to engulf and ruin this movement?" (9).
In 1934, William Booth-Clibborn contributed an article to the Latter Rain Evangel, entitled "The Lost Glory" about the shearing of women's hair. He appeals to a 17th century treatise by the Puritan William Prynne against the practice and concludes: "That women universally practice the cutting of their hair today is a sign of the times showing that in the ripeness of the age, the church as a whole of whom woman is a type, will lose its power, its faith and its glory" (22).
In time, the Assemblies of God completely distanced itself from its primitive roots in Bible holiness. As early as 1952, a short item called "Holy Adornment" appeared in the Pentecostal Evangel asserting that I Peter 2:3-4 did not forbid the wearing of jewelry and admonishing Christians not to become "morbid" on the issue of dress (Meyer 4). Subsequent articles in the Evangel about holiness completely omit discussions about former standards of dress, cosmetics, and ornamentation. The same publication that once upheld holiness regulations now minimizes, redefines, and compromises their original meaning and importance to the spiritual life of the Church!
Surely, Evangelist Mayme Williams did not realize in 1943 that her plea for the strengthening of holiness standards in the Assemblies of God came at the very twilight of their practice. Her resolution, "We will not bow", may have characterized the early generation of Assemblies of God ministers and members but was not representative of younger generations who were disconnected from the revival and holiness roots of their fellowship. While many early pioneers within the AG organization valiantly attempted to thwart the invasion of worldliness, they were ultimately unsuccessful. Today, most Assemblies members would be unrecognizable to their founding fathers.
The United Pentecostal Church International can take a relevant lesson from these periodical pieces. Their words should inspire us to retain our solid stand for biblical holiness. There is, in fact, an Apostolic Church in the grave counting on this modern generation of Oneness Pentecostals to maintain our moorings in the peaceful Harbor of Holiness rather than drift with our culture's current, as so many Pentecostal groups have done, into the dangerous waters of wickedness. We cannot afford to make wreckage of Zion's ship with carnality and compromise or to abandon our Bible anchor in clean living. Where others have failed, we can succeed! With truth and Christ's own righteousness, let us declare with unwavering fervor: "We will not bow!"
Bell, Eudorus N. "The Dress Fad." Word & Witness 9 (6) 20 June 1913, p. 2.
Booth-Clibborn, William. "The Lost Glory." Latter Rain Evangel 26 (10). July 1934, pp. 13 & 22.
Meyer, Frederick B. "Holy Adornment." Pentecostal Evangel 27 April 1952, p. 3.
"A Timely Word." Pentecostal Evangel. No. 514. 15 Sept 1923, p. 9.
Williams, Mayme. "We Will Not Bow." Pentecostal Evangel. No. 1527. 14 Aug 1943, pp. 2-3.
Posted in Assemblies of God, Dress and Adornment, Hair, Holiness, Mayme Williams, William Booth-Clibborn | 3 Comments »
Glossary of Pentecostal History
Other Apostolic 'Blogs
Subscribe to The Old Landmark
Welcome to the Old Landmark!


text:
Die Liste der Abgeordneten zum XVI. Südtiroler Landtag listet alle bei der Landtagswahl 2018 gewählten Abgeordneten und etwaige Nachrücker auf.

Abgeordnete

Weblinks
 Liste der Abgeordneten auf der Website des Südtiroler Landtags

2018

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Complex endovascular procedures can result in higher radiation doses for both the patient and the caregiver, with variation based on several different parameters. De Ruiter, et al reported in a retrospective study analysis dated last year, that there are many different characteristics that can predict patient radiation dose rates, not just Cumulative Air Kerma (CAK). Using data from 74 EVAR procedures, including 16,889 X-ray runs using fixed C-arm imaging equipment, a patient risk chart was created using several parameters such as body mass index (BMI), protocols used, C-arm position, and the image acquisitions used. Technologies such as Centerline Biomedical's Intra-Operative Position System (IOPS™) can provide enhanced visualization, reducing time under radiation since surgeons can see detailed 3D visualization, leading to more efficient procedures.
Often, surgeons are tasked with performing complex endovascular procedures that increase time under radiation, increasing dose levels for both the caregiver and the patient. This results in having to reduce X‑ray flux, which then results in lower X-ray dose, but causes lower image quality. High-contrast X-ray images from fixed C-arms increase the radiation dose rates (DR).
Final DR is multifactorial and should incorporate various DR predictors, such as the radiation protocol, BMI, C-arm rotation and angulation, the air gap, and the field size. This leads to a better understanding of the actual clinical DRs to eventually steer decision making for DR reduction during intervention.
The study encompassed two imaging modalities, fluoroscopy and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). Fluoroscopy is used for the majority of the procedure, with 'low', 'medium', and 'normal' settings; DSA is used to check vessel/device patency, existence of endoleaks, and outflow using 2 frames per second (fps) or 3 fps acquisition.
The effects estimates derived from the regression analysis using the various DR predictors were used to create a color-coded risk chart (below) that shows the maximum allowed radiation duration until the cumulative threshold of 2-Gy would be reached.
The final analysis of 16,889 X-ray runs consisted of 16,031 (94.9%) fluoroscopy runs, with a mean DRAK (Air Kerma) of 0.35±0.31 mGy/s and a mean DRDAP (Dose Area Product) of 74±67 mGycm2/s, and 858 (5.1%) DSA runs (DRAK of 6.8±5.5 mGy/s and DRDAP 1392±1071 mGycm2/s).
The time taken before the 2-Gy skin threshold was reached and decreased with increasing radiation dose. The low, normal, and medium fluoroscopy protocols corresponded with means of 218, 79, and 40 minutes, respectively. For DSA imaging, the 2-fps, and 3-fps protocols produced means of 5.8 and 3.6 minutes, respectively. This correlates with the fact that longer procedures require lower resolution for a bulk of the procedure. The mean DRs increased approximately 3 to 4 times when the C-arm position was rotated to 75 to 90°. The mean DRAK also increased an average of 9 times for fluoroscopic imaging with increasing BMI and body thickness and approximately 12 times for DSA imaging. Reducing the field size also increased the fluoroscopy DRAK.
For fluoroscopy, the chosen protocol was the most substantial predictor of DR. Therefore, higher resolution imaging results in higher DR, reducing the amount of time fluoroscopy can be used until the skin threshold is reached. Using the above characteristics – for example, a BMI of 30 kg/m2 combined with 45° of rotation and a field size of 800 cm2 in the medium fluoroscopy protocol – predicts a DRAK of 0.39 mGy/s (or 85.5 minutes until the 2-Gy skin threshold is reached). The below risk chart for radiation dose rates demonstrates that the intraoperative DRs are highly dependent on not one, but a combination of factors: the X-Ray mode (fluoroscopy or DSA) with the chosen protocol, the C-arm rotation or angulation, patient BMI, field size and the Source-to-Image distance (SID).
The study shows that because of the concerns of higher radiation exposure, lower resolution and fps rates need to be used, which can interfere with the smoothness of a moving object, such as a guidewire, and a fps rate that is too low can hinder the radiologist's eye-hand coordination.
Technologies such as Centerline's IOPS can reduce the fluoroscopy time and radiation dose by improving visualization. Improved visualization will enable high-resolution view of the patient's vasculature, something that is not possible for a full procedure with current standard of care.


text:
Q: Setting the value of h:outputText using Javascript I have a JSF output text as shown below:
<h:outputText id="totalCount" value="#{myBean.totalCount}" />

And within my javascript- which is being called from a h:selectOneMenu, I am trying to calculate the count and set it.
var total = <some calculation is done>;
document.getElementById("myForm:totalCount").value=total;

I verified that the value was being set by adding an alert, but this was not reflecting in the page. Further noticed that outputtext was being rendered as a SPAN HTML tag.
So, will it not work in a Javascipt? Any suggestions?
Thanks for anyone who can help me.

A: This would rather be "innerHTML" than "value" in case of spans. The problem is though even if you update it on the client side, value won't be submitted to the server and will be lost on the nearest refresh. It would be safer then to add f:ajax behaviour to your menu and update value there.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home > ETDS > DISSERTATIONS > AAI3136769
Off-campus UMass Amherst users: To download dissertations, please use the following link to log into our proxy server with your UMass Amherst user name and password.
Non-UMass Amherst users, please click the view more button below to purchase a copy of this dissertation from Proquest.
(Some titles may also be available free of charge in our Open Access Dissertation Collection, so please check there first.)
Impacts of habitat disturbance, including ecotourism activities, on breeding behavior and success of the pitta-like ground roller, Atelornis pittoides, an endangered bird species in the eastern rainforest of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar
Jean Claude Rolland Andrianantenaina Razafimahaimodison, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Although ecotourism is touted as a tool to promote sustainable development and conservation of protected areas, it can have a negative impact on some species that it intends to protect. This dissertation explores the impacts of tourism on the breeding behavior and success of Atelornis pittoides , Madagascar's endemic pitta-like ground roller. Another goal is to understand the foraging and nesting requirements of this endangered bird. From 2000 to 2003, I studied the morphology, habitat use, distribution, foraging behavior, nesting-habitat selection, breeding behavior, and breeding success of Atelornis pittoides (Brachypteraciidae, Coraciiformes) at three different study localities in the Ranomafana National Park. Data were collected using line transects, point counts, mist netting, and direct observation. Characteristics of preferred and rejected habitats were measured at each of the three study localities. Habitat disturbance was evaluated by direct observation and park records. Talatakely forest had suffered the greatest disturbance; Vohiparara had suffered moderate disturbance, and Parcelle 1 had suffered little disturbance (and supported no ecotourism). The breeding success of Atelornis was found to be jeopardized by natural- and human-induced habitat disturbance. It decreased in areas of heavy tourism, in years marked by heavy tourism, and for nests built close to tourist trails. Nest predation rates increased with increasing tourism. There were differences in the calling behavior of birds at the three localities; in the most disturbed habitats, the birds called less frequently, particularly in the middle of the day (when tourists are likely to draw predators to their nesting sites). Atelornis was found to be selective in its choice of nesting sites. There were significant differences in vegetation structure and composition, as well as other habitat characteristics (e.g., soil exposure, presence of fallen trees, local topography), between preferred and rejected habitats. In general, nesting habitat selection is related to predator avoidance, access to ideal foraging habitat, and avoidance of competition with conspecifics. Long-term pair bonding and nest habitat fidelity (from year to year) was demonstrated, for the first time, in this study. A minor but statistically significant amount of sexual dimorphism was also demonstrated, and interpreted within the context of foraging and breeding adaptations.
Zoology|Forestry|Ecology
Razafimahaimodison, Jean Claude Rolland Andrianantenaina, "Impacts of habitat disturbance, including ecotourism activities, on breeding behavior and success of the pitta-like ground roller, Atelornis pittoides, an endangered bird species in the eastern rainforest of Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar" (2004). Doctoral Dissertations Available from Proquest. AAI3136769.
https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3136769

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Victoria's Secret Rose Violet Eau De Parfum 3.4 Fl Oz.
Gentle, hydrating lotion nourishes and silkens as it leaves skin scented with luminous Dream Angels Heavenly.
Victoria's Secret Rose Musk Eau De Parfum 3.4 Fl Oz.


I had never shot large format camera before let alone wet plate collodion. So when it came time to shop for a camera I came across a review stating that the Svedovsky camera was a "real workhorse". I immediately looked it up and noticed that when compared to comparable cameras, the price was much closer to what I wanted to spend. I didn't know if this camera or any other for that matter would be something I would really be successful at since I was such a novice in this type of photography.
Piotr over at Svedovsky Cameras in Poland was immediately helpful in my correspondence with him and we detailed what I wanted in the camera. He helped me step through the options and made it as easy for me as possible. It took about two months to get my camera as it was still being built. I also had to have a wet plate holder made with inserts. I also ordered extra lens plates for the lenses I was beginning to collect.
Upon receiving my camera in the mail I was excited to see it was packaged well with no damage. After tinkering with everything for a while I noticed that some of the lens plates weren't fitting very well and that one of the wet plate inserts was too large for a 5×7 inch plate. A simple metric/standard measurement miscommunication on my part. I notified Piotr and he immediately corrected the problem by sending me new lens plates correctly measured and also a new plate insert at no cost to me. But he also included a 4×5 and 5×7 plexi-glass inserts which not only fit perfectly but are so much easier to clean than the wooden ones. I shoot wet plate and these inserts are wonderful and fit beautifully into the wet plate holder which also is a work of art, lightproof, and so easy to use.
It was several months before I could actually start shooting wet plate because I live in Hawaii and sourcing out chemicals and specialized supplies were difficult and expensive. I finally started shooting and immediately noticed that the camera was perfectly light proof and the focal plane between glass and focus was spot on. What I saw through the ground glass was what I got in the finished result. All the movements work well however, if you have a heavy lens the front movement tends to creep down. Piotr will provide some longer knobs which can lock the front movement and then there is no more creep with heavier lenses. It is solid!
Having a ¼-20 mount up front makes it convenient to put on a lens support arm. The levels are conveniently located and the fine tune focus crank is super nice to have when trying to get focus perfect. The camera quickly sets up and folds back up for storage. The optional travel case is built like a tank but yet not too heavy. A nice addition is the cloth cover for the front movement and uprights. This helps to protect the wood finish when storing the camera.
The tripod mount has two inserts so that I was able to mount a "Really Right Stuff" two hole mounting plate for my quick release tripod. They also sent two ground glass, one without 4×5 and 5×7 guidelines and one with. I always use the one with guidelines as I often shoot the smaller plates. These lines seem accurately located so that when composing the picture, the image shows up on the glass where it is supposed to.
Overall, I am very happy with my Svedovsky 8×10 large format camera. It is the perfect camera for a starting photographer in this format, but I think it may be my only camera even as a pro. Why change anything if everything is working great! I have had early success with my work and I can give much of that credit to Svedovsky Cameras. These folks are very reliable and very responsive to any requests you have weather it's a question or a response to a problem you might be having with your current set up -they are there for you.
Thank you Piotr and the folks at Svedovsky Camera for the overall great experience. I hope you make an 11×14 camera when I am ready to go big.
Quick Update: I am now almost five months into shooting with my Svedovsky and I can't imagine using any other large format camera. It is wonderful and my portfolio has grown sizeable and beautiful as a result. It also gets a lot of attention due to its beautiful rich wood tones and classic design. Thanks again to my Polish friends at Svedovsky! Aloha!


It's important in this era of web application development to have a strong toolset at your disposal. Growing complexity with 'fat' client apps can lead to a maintenance nightmare if not properly planned and thought out.
Yo, a scaffolding tool to easily build out a new application and add components when required.
Grunt, a build tool which runs tasks against your application. Typically used to preview, test and build your project.
Bower, a front-end dependency management system similar to npm or rubygems.
Yeoman encompasses these technologies and provides a solid base to build your apps from. A number of official and community generators are available to cover the different frameworks that are available today, such as Angular, Backbone, Bootstrap, Ember and others.
After using this particular generator for the last few weeks, I'm really happy with how it works. The author is very receptive to changes and has allowed me to help out with a few issues for the roadmapped 2.0 release, which already looks to be a big leap forward. Ironically, I find myself hardly using the Yo part of Yeoman, as I don't find it too difficult just to create my own files, and I don't really like the current naming conventions. However, I'm particularly happy with the comprehensive grunt tasks, taking care of building my Angular app, compiling and minifying it for deployment to Heroku. A speedy app is a good app and the compilation via Grunt is totally essential. Add in a bit of LiveReload, testing via Karma (and soon Protractor in 2.0) and nice dependency management with Bower, and I'm a happy app-camper.
The future is looking rosy, too. Here's to version 2.0 and all it will bring!


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<title>org.springframework.transaction.interceptor Class Hierarchy (Spring Framework 5.1.18.RELEASE API)</title>
<meta name="date" content="2020-09-15">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../../stylesheet.css" title="Style">

JavaScript is disabled on your browser.

Skip navigation links

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Spring Framework

Prev

Next

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

Hierarchy For Package org.springframework.transaction.interceptor

Package Hierarchies:

All Packages

Class Hierarchy

java.lang.Object

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.AbstractFallbackTransactionAttributeSource (implements org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource)

org.springframework.aop.support.AbstractPointcutAdvisor (implements org.springframework.core.Ordered, org.springframework.aop.PointcutAdvisor, java.io.Serializable)

org.springframework.aop.support.AbstractBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor (implements org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.CompositeTransactionAttributeSource (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource)

org.springframework.transaction.support.DefaultTransactionDefinition (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.DefaultTransactionAttribute (implements org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RuleBasedTransactionAttribute (implements java.io.Serializable)

org.springframework.transaction.support.DelegatingTransactionDefinition (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.DelegatingTransactionAttribute (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.MatchAlwaysTransactionAttributeSource (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.MethodMapTransactionAttributeSource (implements org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanClassLoaderAware, org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean, org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource (implements java.io.Serializable, org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource)

java.beans.PropertyEditorSupport (implements java.beans.PropertyEditor)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeEditor

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSourceEditor

org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyConfig (implements java.io.Serializable)

org.springframework.aop.framework.AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean (implements org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanClassLoaderAware, org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean<T>, org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean (implements org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute (implements java.io.Serializable)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NoRollbackRuleAttribute

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport (implements org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware, org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor (implements org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor, java.io.Serializable)

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.TransactionInfo

Interface Hierarchy

org.springframework.aop.SpringProxy

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionalProxy

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.InvocationCallback

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource

org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition

org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute

Skip navigation links

Overview

Package

Class

Use

Tree

Deprecated

Index

Help

Spring Framework

Prev

Next

Frames

No Frames

All Classes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Php - Prevent a User from Accessing a Page when He/She Typed the URL I have a simple web application with add, edit delete and select functions. There is also a login page to identify whether a user is logged in whenever he/she tried to access a page.
When the user typed in a URL that doesn't require authentication such as the link
/controller/login_read/
how can you prevent he/she from accessing that page ? In this scenario, one cannot simply use session variables and check if user is logged in because the function called by the controller happens before the user is logged in and it doesn't really require checking if the user details are set.


text:
The Ends of the Worlds
Posted on December 22, 2012 by Ethnohistory Research, LLC | David G. Lewis, PhD
In 1856, after a decade of pitched battles and skirmishes in southern Oregon and along the Columbia River, General Joel Palmer began removing the tribes of western Oregon to a permanent reservation called the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation. That removal was the end of the world, and the beginning of another world for the tribes. This new world was full of enemy tribes, 27 or more in all, and everyone had to learn to share significantly less resources.
The tribes were from very different environments. SW Oregon is fairly high and arid in some areas. Very hot summers and more hunting and gathering than fishing. The Grand Ronde valley can be hot in the summer but its much more temperate and much closer to the coast and subject to coastal temperature changes. Then for the tribes they had left their resource areas, places they had know for many thousands of generations. They had developed technologies and knowledge of the landscape, they knew when certain plants were ready for harvesting by reading the land and following the seasons. This was their traditional ecological knowledge. This all changed.
The reservation was a bounded 60,000 acres next to the coast range. There was a flat valley floor and many tribal people began working in agriculture and ranching, but the valley proved to have thin clay soils and was not good for subsistence agriculture. So many people went hungry subsisting on the few allocations of beef and flour they could get from the government and what they could forage from the forest. They were not allowed to have weapons and so could not hunt. Many people grew hungry and ill from their dietary changes and forced living situations. They could not escape into the valley during the winter like they usually did and had to learn to live through the harsh winter in a coastal range climate.
There was extreme poverty, hunger, and over half of the population died of illnesses and trauma by 1900. From the original 1200 people at the reservation in 1857 there were about 400 remaining in 1900.
In 1887, the Federal government hatched a plan to give every tribal individual a piece of property and sell the rest to white settlers. This was the Dawes Act which inculcated the notion of blood quantum into our societies. In this one act the collective tribes of the United States lost millions of acres of land, about 29,000 at Grand Ronde alone. In addition, there was instituted a "virus" of blood quantum philosophy which continues to work its way through tribal societies eliminating tribal descendants. This combined with the notion that we had to have individual land ownership and were not part of a collective sharing of the land, further caused degradation of our tribal society. As a collective with community rights, tribes have a better ability to withstand the various pressures to sell parts of the reservations, but after 20 years of having allotments, when the individuals got their fee-simple titles to their allotments, they began selling off their properties piecemeal. By 1935 we had about 400 acres remaining of the original 60,000 acre reservation.
The government stepped in and instituted a series of rehabilitation programs, and these programs included Indian Conservation Corps, Cannery development, buying back land for allotments, building houses, building the governance hall, 4H programs to help children learn to raise animals, and some other assistance in agriculture for land owners. There is a film about the program Rebuilding Indian Country. Pay close attention to the sections on canneries and fishing in the Columbia, and cattle ranching, those are the Oregon Tribal industries that were instituted.
One hundred years after the reservation was formed, the federal government terminated the western Oregon tribes in 1954. The tribes at Grand Ronde lost all federal services and were forced to sell their allotments and the majority had to move away to Salem or Portland where they could find work. They received $35.00 each, for their share of the remaining portion of the lands and resources of the reservation.
That was another end to the world and the beginning of another world; the final act in the agenda of the United States to colonize all Indian lands in western Oregon. The new world the tribes endured was fraught with poverty, abuses and illness, as most people could not afford to live anywhere but the poorest areas of town. Indians in the 1950s and '60s were subject to racism and discrimination just like other ethnic minorities.
In 1983, after a decade of hard work the tribe was restored and we underwent a rebirth. The tribe continues to work to restore itself in many ways, this too could be considered the end of one world and the beginning of another world. This began the reversal of the attempt of the government to eliminate the tribes forever and a new beginning of self-governance for the tribe.
This cycle is an agenda of colonization, and gradual takeover of the rights and resources of the worlds' indigenous peoples. Every half century or so another event happens to take resources from the people and give it to the colonizers. The next event like this for indigenous peoples will likely be sometime around 2020. At that time we will be seen as not needing further federal aid and efforts will begin to eliminate that aid, and our protected status. They will come after our "special" rights to land, to fishing and hunting, to take away the protection of dependent sovereignty within the United States.
Indigenous people are used to their worlds' ending, and beginning anew, this is why we were not surprised nor shocked when the recent economic decline occurred in 2008, and much of the wealth of the country was taken over by banks. The tribes are survivors and adapters. through our very long history on this land, a history that predates that of Europe, and most of western civilization, we have lived and adapted to all manner of changes. Still the ability to adapt does not make the situation any better, nor excuse those who work to eliminate us.
Category: UncategorizedTags: General History, Uncategorized
← Who are the savages now? European Vampires of the 19th century: Is this the origin of the vampire literature of that era?
Of Utmost good will, until 1847 →


JME 120V AC Pump DEF Transfer Systems w/ RPV Coupler, Valve, Manual Nozzle, & Meter (Tote Not Included) - John M. Ellsworth Co. Inc.
Our standard Tote system includes a 110 volt 8 GPM dispensing pump or a 12 volt DC pump, 19' of DEF dispensing hose with a manual nozzle, a closed system RPV coupler and valve with suction hose and a 4' hose to hook the pump up to the coupler. The system also includes a pump mount to attach the pump to your Tote making it easy to transfer it to another Tote.
Other options include systems with a meter, automatic nozzle or meter and automatic nozzle. We cut and couple all our own hose so if you need a different length or size just give us a call.


text:
steroids.app.absoluteUserFilesPath
=========================

  > String property that contains the absolute user files folder path inside the device filesystem.

    steroids.app.absoluteUserFilesPath;

Description
-----------

The absolute path of the user files folder changes every time you reload the app in AppGyver Scanner. This is done to clear all cache that the WebKit engine might have set.

When the full path to a file is needed, the user files folder's current path needs to be read from this property each time the application starts. This property can be accessed only after the Steroids `ready` event (see steroids.on).

Example
-------

    steroids.on('ready', function() {
      alert(steroids.app.absoluteUserFilesPath) // on iOS ~= "/var/mobile/Applications/AAAAAAAA-AAAA-AAAA-AAAA-AAAAAAAAAAAA/Scanner.app/Documents"
    });

Supported Platforms
-------------------

- iOS
- Android


text:
This is the time of year for rituals, which got me thinking about the choreographer Twyla Tharp. She wrote a book about her creative process, in which she reveals that ritual is an essential part of her process and she urged the reader of said book to identify\discover\create\establish their own daily ritual as a fundamental part of any artist's creative life.
Personally, I've tried (on many occasions) to establish my own daily ritual, but summarily failed (on every occasion), though this is the perfect time of the year to try again…so I will….as I happen to subscribe to Tharp's belief that a daily ritual is key to the success of the creative process.
On the advice of a friend I'm setting myself the target of 200 words a day or half an hour a day writing, whichever comes first - but the real challenge remains the same - when am I going to write those words, take the half an hour, devoted exclusively to the task, of putting down on paper or on the screen….those daily words? Which is where the ritual comes into its own - if I had a daily ritual, a routine, then I'd know…there'd be no question…it would happen the same time, same place, everyday. Simple…job done.
Plays, film scripts, novels, sketches, jokes, short stories, whatever your ambition and\or medium may be….none of them write themselves, no matter how hard we wish they did, but by committing to a set amount everyday, for a certain amount of time you might just surprise yourself how much you can achieve with a certain degree of ease….even more ease than you expected….especially if you just write and don't censor yourself….but that's another blog.
It doesn't have to be a resolution, but it could revolutionise your outlook, your approach and ultimately your output.
Give it a go - what's your ritual? Commit to it and let it influence your writing life. Whatever happens, it can only be fun, can't it?
It's the New Year and the plays are coming off the production line slick and fast. Over the past 24 months or so, I've been sharpening my dramaturgical wits with further collaborations with Eclipse Theatre and the Belgrade Theatre, helping the writers Chinonyerem Odimba and Amy Ng steer their new plays out of the dry dock into the open seas this spring. Each of them respectively, shedding new light onto the 1960's Bristol Bus Boycott and the situation of unmarried women of a certain age in contemporary China. See here for further details about both of these productions which will be opening in Bristol and Coventry before embarking upon nationwide tours –
https://eclipsetheatre.org.uk/whats-on/1452-princess-the-hustler - http://www.belgrade.co.uk/event/under-the-umbrella
It's through this close, one-to-one work with professional writers - listening to them and watching how they take ideas, thoughts, suggestions and constructive criticism churning it all over in their minds before eventually weaving it all into the gold that becomes their play scripts - that ensures my own practice as a dramaturge, teacher and facilitator remains sharp, challenged and focused. I love taking the insight gained and the lessons learned from this practice and letting it inform the lessons and advice I dispense to the students and members of the writers' groups I convene throughout the year.
This year promises to be particularly exciting on the teaching front, as I'm set to head up new groups with the Young Vic Theatre, Greenwich University and Goldsmiths University, along with my regular work for Royal Central School of Speech and Drama….and on The Inkubator….yes, that's right, I will be running another 10 week course in Spring 2019….see the EI website for more details.
The thing which excites me most about this work is the range of new voices I will encounter in these groups, and the wide spectrum of new stories which these voices will unleash into the theatre eco-system. Every tale as unique as the individual relating the stories.
So in many ways it's business as usual for me in 2019, but in so many other ways it's completely unusual, as I have no idea who I'm going to meet and what stories I'm going to be told - which is why I'm so full of anticipation for the year ahead - because the only thing I can guarantee is so many stories, mean so many lives and so many experiences are set to be captured, set down and shared. Creating new meaning and fresh perspectives for everyone involved.
I can hardly wait to get started.


text:
February 2011 - Volume 88 - Issue 2
AAO Members
Log in here >
Thought you might appreciate this item(s) I saw at Optometry and Vision Science.
Ocular Components in Three Breeds of Dogs with High Prevalence of Myopia
Williams, Laura A.*; Kubai, Melissa A.†; Murphy, Christopher J.‡; Mutti, Donald O.§
*BS
†DVM
‡DVM, PhD
§OD, PhD, FAAO
Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin (LAW), School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (MAK), Surgical Radiological Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California (CJM), and The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, Ohio (DOM).
Received June 30, 2010; accepted August 31, 2010.
Donald O. Mutti; The Ohio State University College of Optometry; 338 West 10th Avenue; Columbus, Ohio 43210-1280; e-mail: [email protected]
Christopher J. Murphy; Surgical Radiological Science; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California, Davis; 2112 Tupper Hall; Davis, California 95616; e-mail: [email protected]
Optometry and Vision Science: February 2011 - Volume 88 - Issue 2 - p 269-274
doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3182058ff0
Purpose.
Experimental models of human myopia have been developed using animals of various species. However, most of these are an induced rather than a spontaneous, naturally occurring myopia. This study was conducted to evaluate whether the spontaneous myopia found in three canine breeds was axial in nature and therefore similar to humans.
Methods.
Refractive error was measured by cycloplegic retinoscopy and ocular components by A-scan ultrasound (ocular axial dimensions) and videophakometry (corneal and lens radii and powers) in 83 dogs of three breeds [English Springer Spaniels (n = 33), Toy Poodles (n = 36), and Collies (n = 14)]. Dogs with refractive errors equal to or more myopic than −0.5 diopters spherical equivalent were considered myopic.
Myopia was most common in Toy Poodles (63.9%), followed by English Springer Spaniels (36.4%) and Collies (35.7%). Axial lengths and vitreous chamber depths were not different between myopic and non-myopic dogs (p = 0.84 and 0.63, respectively). The anterior crystalline lens radius was steeper and the lens power was greater in myopic compared with non-myopic dogs (p = 0.048 for each).
Conclusions.
Spontaneous myopia was very common in all three breeds in this sample of dogs, with Toy Poodles being most affected. However, the cause of the myopia appeared to be refractive, that is from a steeper, more powerful crystalline lens, rather than from excess axial elongation. These breeds do not appear to be promising models for human axial myopia.
© 2011 American Academy of Optometry
Optometry and Vision Science88(2):269-274, February 2011.
myopia , refractive error , dog , animal models
myopia\r, refractive error\r, dog\r, animal models
Articles in PubMed by Laura A. Williams
Articles in Google Scholar by Laura A. Williams
Other articles in this journal by Laura A. Williams
American Academy of Optometry


text:
Celestia è un gioco da tavolo di Aaron Weissblum distribuito nel 2015 dalla BLAM! in cui i giocatori sono chiamati a collezionare delle carte tesoro (ognuna di un determinato punteggio) per avere al termine della partita quello più prestigioso. Ogni giocatore è rappresentato da un personaggio che a bordo di un'aeronave dovrà cercare di arrivare nelle città più lontane per poter prendere i tesori più importanti.

Il gioco
All'inizio del gioco vanno predisposte in ordine crescente di punteggio le 9 tessere che rappresentano le città del mondo di Celestia e vicino ad ognuna di esse vengono sistemate le relative carte tesoro. Il gioco viene fornito di una aeronave 3D che viene sistemata sulla prima casella città e dove vengono poste all'interno le pedine dei vari giocatori. A ciascun giocatore vengono distribuite un numero di carte equipaggiamento che varia in base al numero dei giocatori e che serviranno per superare le future avversità a cui andrà incontro il velivolo. Il gioco si svolge a turni, ed ogni turno rappresenta un viaggio della nave. Durante il turno i giocatori possono avere 2 ruoli: capitano o passeggero. Il giocatore che è chiamato ad essere il capitano dell'aeronave deve superare delle avversità e a portare l'aeronave nella città successiva fino ad arrivare alla più lontana che compensa i giocatori con un tesoro più importante. Le avversità sono rappresentate dal risultato del lancio di 2, 3 o 4 dadi (a seconda della posizione dell'aeronave) ognuno dei quali può dar vita a 4 tipi di avversità diverse (nebbia, fulmini, uccelli assassini o pirati) rappresentate da vari simboli oppure mostrare la faccia bianca che equivale a non dover superare nessuna avversità. I rimanenti giocatori, alla vista del risultato del lancio dei dadi, possono fidarsi del capitano oppure no. In quest'ultimo caso scendono dall'aeronave spostando la pedina del proprio colore nella città dove si trova il velivolo e pescando una carta tesoro. Il capitano quindi, utilizzando le carte equipaggiamento dello stesso tipo delle avversità segnate dai dadi, supera i pericoli e passa alla città successiva. Se non dovesse farcela per mancanza di carte corrispondenti ai simboli dei dadi, l'aeronave precipita, tutti i giocatori a bordo non avranno nessuna carta tesoro, l'aeronave torna nella prima casella e i giocatori che sono scesi lungo il percorso tornano a bordo. Qualunque sia il risultato del turno, il timone della nave passa al giocatore successivo. Vince chi per primo riesce ad accumulare un tesoro pari o superiore a 50 punti.

Premi e riconoscimenti
Il gioco ha vinto i seguenti premi e avuto i seguenti riconoscimenti:

2015
 Jocul Anului în România Beginners: finalista
2016
 Gioco dell'Anno: finalista

Note

Collegamenti esterni
  Celestia su BoardGameGeek

Giochi da tavolo


Before mounting the fence or fences to the miter saw table top, draw a pencil or chalk line where top of the fence is in order to become positioned. Have a long straightedge, lay it flat through the miter saw's metal table and push one side of it long the miter saw's metal fence. Keeping it in this particular position, draw a pencil line at the table top, out as far as makita slide mitre saw - http://www.kfranchise.kr/?p=143337 makita mitre saws best price - http://petgurt.com/2018/04/09/review-with-the-dewalt-heavy-duty-12-doubl... table saw possible. Repeat on the opposite side of the saw an individual - http://sportsrants.com/?s=individual have tables on each party of the saw. Extend this pencil line to possible.
The nice thing upon the flip-up stop is that it will be flipped up aside without losing its measurement setting within the measuring strapping. If you were making repetitive cuts and needed avoid to use the saw momentarily for excellent kind of cut, if you can resume your repetitive cutting immediately without losing any accuracy.
Place fences along the pencil line with finish of the wooden fence almost touching the end of miter saw's metal fence. (Leave a 1/16" gap between your wooden fence and the metal containment system.) Drill appropriately sized holes for your lag screws through the table top and in the 2x4 joist underneath the table top (one each slot). Screw the fence to the table loosely so that hot weather can be adjusted. Make use of the long straight edge using a miter saw's table and on the front of fences to align the fence perfectly and screw down tightly. Repeat for the opposite side from the table if you have one.
The controls on the 4410L are certainly easy to learn and all of the adjustment knobs are in order to understand get to and implementation. With most saws of this type you must carry out bevel adjustments at the rear of the maker. The Bosch incorporates an innovative design allowing bevel adjustments in order to made quickly from the from from the machine. So no reaching round for the back within the rig and fewer downtime.
Majority of 10-inch sliding units can crosscut 12-inch wide material. A bigger 12-inch unit will generally be larger and weightier, often calling for a few individuals to lug. The wider blade allows a saw of this manner to have around one-half inch wider capacity whenever compared with 10-inch sliding compound saws, though. Is offering great for crown creating.
The sliding miter saw is advantageous compared to the standard saw without slide is that hot weather allows for you to make crosscuts that are wider with only 1 go. Even without the slide saw assists the chop cuts for smaller lumber but for wider lumber you'd surely need the miter saw slide mostly also pushes through the lumber which gives the smooth result.
A makita mitre saws - http://ivanrus.ru/2018/04/08/the-miter-saw-and-your-input-to-get-a-carpe... saw even offers a feature which allows it to slip like a radial arm saw how can. This means you can make longer cuts in mere one share. Sometimes as almost as much ast 12" according to the the saw.
A jobsite miter saw table is normally made utilizing the saw mounted to the intense - http://Data.Gov.uk/data/search?q=intense right end of the table. I have found that most miter saw manufacturers make their metal table surfaces so makita mitre saw sale - http://martingrimaltd.com/UserProfile/tabid/290/UserID/70714/Default.aspx mitre table saw they are 3 1/2" above the table on which the saw is sitting. A very straight, milled 4 x 4 (3 1/2" x 3 1/2") could be mounted on top of the table top, almost abutting the left side of the metal table of the saw. Usual x 4 should extend out the full length among the supporting table to the left and mounted towards supporting table.


Transmission problems can be a nightmare, but they don't have to be. Coopers Auto Repair Specialists are here to take the headache out of transmission repair and maintenance. The transmission is a complex component within your vehicle. Because of its complexity, you need a specialist to help pinpoint and diagnose the problem quickly and efficiently. At Coopers, we have ASE Master Technicians that are ready to tackle any transmission repair you may need. We employ only the best technicians in the area. Not only are they highly trained and knowledgeable but they have the experience to identify problems more accurately. Whether you have an automatic, stick, foreign, domestic, or diesel vehicle our team can have you back out on the road in no time.
Once you bring your vehicle in, one of our transmission repair specialists will conduct a multi-point inspection as well as an advanced diagnostic scan. Once the problem is identified, the specialists will go over your options and start the repairs as soon as possible. Our technicians are always happy to answer questions and explain the repair process. We want our customers to know what is going on with their vehicle not wonder. Providing great customer service is important to us and it shows in how we treat our customers.
Being such a complex component many things can go wrong. Some of the more common signals are a burnt smell, discoloration of fluid, and loss of fluid. Regularly checking your transmission fluid is important and can help you catch a problem before it gets bad. Transmission fluid should be red and smell sweet.
There are warning signs that can be felt while driving. If you are not getting enough power, rough or late shifting, or your gears are slipping you more than likely have a problem with your transmission. Another when driving is if you feel a shimmy when changing gears rather than a smooth shift you need to have your vehicle inspected.
Automatic and Manual transmissions react differently when malfunctioning. Listening to your vehicle and how it sounds when running, stopped, and while shifting can help you diagnose problems. If you are able to catch these signs early, you can avoid costly repairs and untimely breakdowns. Concerning an automatic vehicle, you may hear a whine, buzz, or humming noise that it a signal that a repair may be necessary. In Regards to a manual, if you hear grinding when shifting or after fully engaging the clutch; you may have worn out your clutch or you an adjustment is required. If you are having any of the above problems, we suggest you have you transmission inspected immediately to avoid further damage.
Coopers Auto Repair Specialists is your local dealership alternative with the best warranty in town. Every repair is backed by a 36 month / 36,000-mile warranty. For dependable transmission repair in Tacoma or transmission services in Puyallup, call or schedule service online.


In the years of studying these cars I have learned something: power comes with a cost. Not just the obvious price of upgrade parts but gas mileage and long term reliability. Getting more power boils down to three things... 1. getting air into and out of the engine faster and 2. cutting down on the weight (both inside the engine and the car itself, it takes energy to move weight). 3. and improving the "bang" (higher compression, ignition, etc.).
There are very few "bolt on" items that don't need other items to work best. For example, if you bolt on a larger carb like a Weber, the car will not have much of an improvement without a low-restriction exhaust system. Yes, you can open the air flow INTO the engine, but you have to give it a way to get OUT better or it negates the flow.
Here is where it starts getting complicated. If you do put on a header, the Weber will need to be adjusted to keep the mixture of gas/air optimal. You are now have much more air running through the engine with the same amount of fuel. You will need to increase the fuel or the mixture will be too lean.
Keeping this in mind, bolt-on items like K&N air filters, larger valved heads, a cam, etc. only help with air flow into/out of the engine.
Headers/Exhaust allow "air" to move out of the engine faster.
High compression pistons increase the size of the "bang"
K&N Air Filter allow air to move into of the engine faster.


Ascot Timber Buildings have been designing, manufacturing and installing timber buildings for over 20 years, providing a range of expertly crafted timber buildings and garages. We offer timber kits and bespoke designs for oak framed barn, stable building or timber garages as well as planning advice, high quality classic construction, modern designs and guarantee that your building is finished to the very highest standard using the highest grade timber. One of our recent Eco Builds was highly commended by the Sussex Heritage Trust and we have been known to construct anything from timber framed houses, to home offices, school classrooms to village halls.
Easter Weekend 2019: Closed from 5pm 17th April, returning to work 9am 24th April.
Ascot Timber Buildings brochure contains our full range of timber buildings, our buildings are bespoke, download it now for a little inspiration.
Once your building is completed you will need to look after it, to ensure it lasts many years into the future. Download our free guide here.
Ascot Buildings have bags of planning experience. Go ahead with your Ascot designs, and we'll deduct the cost of the plans from your final bill.
Ascot Buildings have decades of experience in designing and manufacturing every kind of garage. Get an idea about budgets here.
Just looking for Oak and Softwood Timber Doors and Windows?
Watch the Ascot installation team construction this garage for one of Ascot Timber Buildings clients.


text:
Sebastian Vettel dismisses Lewis Hamilton talk of underhand Ferrari tactics
Updated / Wednesday, 11 Jul 2018 09:23
Sebastian Vettel takes the plaudits after his Silverstone victory
Sebastian Vettel has hit back at Lewis Hamilton's "silly" accusation that he won the British Grand Prix following underhand tactics by Ferrari.
Hamilton fought his way back from last place to finish second after Vettel's team-mate Kimi Raikkonen collided with his Mercedes on the opening lap.
Hamilton afforded Raikkonen space at the right-handed third turn during the frenetic Silverstone race, but the Finn locked up, before his left-front tyre thudded into the right-rear of Hamilton's Mercedes.
The Englishman was sent into a spin, and he re-joined the track at the back of the pack.
The stewards had no trouble in declaring Raikkonen as the guilty party. He was slapped with a 10-second penalty and two points on his drivers' licence.
After Vettel's collision with Hamilton's team-mate Valtteri Bottas in France, Sunday's coming together marked the second time in just three races that a Ferrari car has hit a Mercedes.
"Interesting tactics from their side," Hamilton, who dropped eight championship points behind Vettel, said on the podium.
Later, when asked if he felt the move by Raikkonen was deliberate, the Brit replied: "All I would say is that in two races the Ferraris have taken out one of the Mercedes.
"A five-second penalty (for Vettel in France) and 10-second penalty here spoils our race. It is a lot of points that Valtteri and I have lost in those two scenarios."
He added: "In the future, we have got to position ourselves better so we are not exposed to the red cars because who knows when that is going to happen again."
Responding to Hamilton's remarks, Vettel said: "It's quite silly to think anything that happened was deliberate.
"I would struggle to be that precise to take somebody out. In France, I lost my wing so I screwed my race.
"There wasn't any intention and I find it a bit unnecessary to even go there."
Despite his breathless comeback, Hamilton was visibly furious with Raikkonen's behaviour. The Englishman broke protocol by refusing to be interviewed after the race and headed straight for the podium green room.
Explaining his decision, Hamilton added: "I sweat my a**e off in that race. I pushed 1000 per cent with every bit of energy I had. I didn't have anything left when I came in.
"People expect you to get out of the car and wave and smile. I gave everything I could, and I was struggling to stand.
"It's so physical nowadays. It's different when you're in the lead and can control the pace, but I was coming from last. So, I didn't have much to give at that time and needed to take a deep breath."


text:
Tasos Diakogiorgis (Greek: Τάσος Διακογιώργης; 1924 – 12 March 2007) was a Greek virtuoso santurist and music teacher. He is regarded as one of the greatest Greek santurists of all time.

Biography
Tasos Diakogiorgis was born in 1924 in Maritsa, a village of Rhodes. At the age of 10, began to study music and from 1939 to 1941 was attending violin lessons at the National Conservatory of Rhodes.

In 1954 moved to Athens to participate at the Dora Stratou Greek Dances Theatre as a soloist and study percussion and classical music theory with Manolis Kalomiris and Leonidas Zoras.

In 1962 Nikos Koundouros introduced him to Yannis Markopoulos. After this, he became a member of the ensemble that recorded the music of the film Young Aphrodites.

In 1964 he acceded to the ERT Contemporary Music Orchestra and ERT National Symphony Orchestra subsequently, which he remained until 1989.

Diakogiorgis died on 12 March 2007, in Athens.

References

1924 births
2007 deaths
20th-century Greek musicians
20th-century Greek educators
Greek musicians
People from Rhodes


As of January 1, 2019, the Landlord/Tenant Officer increased their filing fees on Alias Writs in the amount of $85.00. Regrettably, HAPCO will have to pass this increase on to our members.
Starting January 1, 2019 a One-Step case will cost $445.00. The first step (payment for court hearing only) will remain at $230.00.
Let HAPCO be your support for the best prices and most experienced team of professionals. We'll take you through the process from paperwork origination, settlement negotiation, and if still unresolved actual eviction.
If your tenant should Appeal, you will be charged a discounted rate from the attorney.
Before paying for the eviction case you must have all paperwork filed with the HAPCO office.
Call the HAPCO, office before making payment arrangements.


Give your summertime settings an array of bold, brilliant hues with one delightful mix! Perfect for planting in sun-filled borders and beds, dahlias offer much-needed beauty at a time when most blooming perennials have already retired for the season. The fully double, bicolour blooms in this exclusive mix will last until the first frost of fall and make eye-catching cut-flower arrangements for enjoyment indoors, too.