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Tag: Modern Monetary Theory
The magic money forest
The BBC podcast linked below looks at the use of quantitative easing since 2009 and especially the most recent round since the onset of the pandemic.
Although QE was a major contributor to reducing the depth of the recession in 2009–10, it was barely used from 2013 to 2020 (except for a short period in late 2016/early 2017). The Coalition and Conservative governments were keen to get the deficit down. In justifying pay restraint and curbing government expenditure, Prime Ministers David Cameron and Theresa May both argued that there 'was no magic money tree'.
But with the severely dampening effect of the lockdown measures from March 2020, the government embarked on a large round of expenditure, including the furlough scheme and support for businesses.
The resulting rise in the budget deficit was accompanied by a new round of QE from the beginning of April. The stock of assets purchased by the Bank of England rose from £445 billion (the approximate level it had been since March 2017) to £740 billion by December 2020 and is planned to reach £895 billion by the end of 2021.
So with the effective funding of the government's deficits by the creation of new money, does this mean that there is indeed a 'magic money tree' or, indeed, a 'magic money forest'? And if so, is it desirable? Is it simply stoking up problems for the future? Or will, as modern monetary theorists maintain, the extra money, if carefully spent, lead to faster growth and a reducing deficit, with low interest rates making it easy to service the debt?
The podcast explores these issues. There is then a longer list of questions than normal relating to the topics raised in the podcast.
The Magic Money Forest (alternative link)
BBC Radio 4, Seriously, Dharshini David (14/12/20)
Which of the following are stocks and which are flows?
(a) Money
(b) Income
(c) The total amount people save each month
(d) The money held in savings accounts
(e) Public-sector net debt
(f) Public-sector net borrowing
(g) National income
(h) Injections into the circular flow of income
(i) Aggregate demand
(j) Wealth
How do banks create money?
What is the role of the Debt Management Office in the sale of gilts?
Describe the birth of QE.
Is raising asset prices the best means of stimulating the economy? What are the disadvantages of this form of monetary expansion?
What are the possible exit routes from QE and what problems could occur from reducing the central bank's stock of assets?
Is the use of QE in the current Covid-19 crisis directly related to fiscal policy? Or is this use of monetary policy simply a means of hitting the inflation target?
What are the disadvantages of having interest rates at ultra-low levels?
Does it matter if the stock of government debt rises substantially if the gilts are at ultra-low fixed interest rates?
What are the intergenerational effects of substantial QE? Does it depend on how debt is financed?
How do the policy recommendations of modern monetary theorists differ from those of more conventional macroeconomists?
In an era of ultra-low interest rates, does fiscal policy have a greater role to play than monetary policy?
Tags: TagsAsset Purchase Facility, Bank of England, credit creation, fiscal policy, flows, inflation targets, magic money forest, magic money tree, Modern Monetary Theory, monetary policy, money supply, QE, quantitative easing, stocksPosted in: CategoriesEconomics 10e: Ch 18, Economics 10e: Ch 19, Economics 10e: Ch 22, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 28, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 30, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 10, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 13, Podcasts and VideosAuthored by: John Sloman
The macroeconomic outlook over the next few years: a Covid hangover
Back in June, we examined the macroeconomic forecasts of the three agencies, the IMF, the OECD and the European Commission, all of which publish forecasts every six months. The IMF has recently published its latest World Economic Outlook (WEO) and its accompanying database. Unlike the April WEO, which, given the huge uncertainty surrounding the pandemic and its economic effects, only forecast as far as 2021, the latest version forecasts as far ahead as 2025.
In essence the picture is similar to that painted in April. The IMF predicts a large-scale fall in GDP and rise in unemployment, government borrowing and government debt for 2020 (compared with 2019) across virtually all countries.
World real GDP is predicted to fall by 4.4%. For many countries the fall will be much steeper. In the UK, GDP is predicted to fall by 9.8%; in the eurozone, by 8.3%; in India, by 10.3%; in Italy, by 10.8%; in Spain, by 12.8%. There will then be somewhat of a 'bounce back' in GDP in 2021, but not to the levels of 2019. World real GDP is predicted to rise by 5.2% in 2021. (Click here for a PowerPoint of the growth chart.)
Unemployment will peak in some countries in 2020 and in others in 2021 depending on the speed of recovery from recession and the mobility of labour. (Click here for a PowerPoint of the unemployment chart.)
Inflation is set to fall from already low levels. Several countries are expected to see falling prices.
Government deficits (negative net lending) will be sharply higher in 2020 as a result of government measures to support workers and firms affected by lockdowns and falling demand. Governments will also receive reduced tax revenues. (Click here for a PowerPoint of the general government net lending chart.)
Government debt will consequently rise more rapidly. Deficits are predicted to fall in 2021 as economies recover and hence the rise in debt will slow down or in some cases, such as Germany, even fall. (Click here for a PowerPoint of the general government gross debt chart.)
After the rebound in 2021, global growth is then expected to slow to around 3.5% by 2025. This compares with an average of 3.8% from 2000 to 2019. Growth of advanced economies is expected to slow to 1.7%. It averaged 1.9% from 2000 to 2019. For emerging market and developing countries it is expected to slow to 4.7% from an average of 5.7% from 2000 to 2019. These figures suggest some longer-term scarring effects from the pandemic.
In the short term, the greatest uncertainty concerns the extent of the second wave, the measures put in place to contain the spread of the virus and the compensation provided by governments to businesses and workers. The WEO report was prepared when the second wave was only just beginning. It could well be that countries will experience a deeper recession in 2000 and into 2021 than predicted by the IMF.
This is recognised in the forecast.
The persistence of the shock remains uncertain and relates to factors inherently difficult to predict, including the path of the pandemic, the adjustment costs it imposes on the economy, the effectiveness of the economic policy response, and the evolution of financial sentiment.
With some businesses forced to close, others operating at reduced capacity because of social distancing in the workplace and with dampened demand, many countries may find output falling again. The extent will to a large extent depend on the levels of government support.
In the medium term, it is assumed that there will be a vaccine and that economies can begin functioning normally again. However, the report does recognise the long-term scarring effects caused by low levels of investment, deskilling and demotivation of the parts of the workforce, loss of capacity and disruptions to various supply chains.
The deep downturn this year will damage supply potential to varying degrees across economies. The impact will depend on various factors … including the extent of firm closures, exit of discouraged workers from the labour force, and resource mismatches (sectoral, occupational and geographic).
One of the greatest uncertainties in the medium term concerns the stance of fiscal and monetary policies. Will governments continue to run large deficits to support demand or will they attempt to reduce deficits by raising taxes and/or reducing benefits and/or cutting government current or capital expenditure?
Will central banks continue with large-scale quantitative easing and ultra-low or even negative interest rates? Will they use novel forms of monetary policy, such as directly funding government deficits with new money or providing money directly to citizens through a 'helicopter' scheme (see the 2016 blog, New UK monetary policy measures – somewhat short of the kitchen sink)?
Forecasting at the current time is fraught with uncertainty. However, reports such as the WEO are useful in identifying the various factors influencing the economy and how seriously they may impact on variables such as growth, unemployment and government deficits.
Report, speeches and data
World Economic Outlook, October 2020: A Long and Difficult Ascent
IMF, Report (October 2020)
World Economic Outlook Databases
IMF (October 2020)
"We Must Take the Right Actions Now!"—Opening Remarks for Annual Meetings Press Conference
IMF, Speech, Kristalina Georgieva, IMF Managing Director (14/10/20)
Press Briefing: World Economic Outlook
IMF, Gita Gopinath, Chief Economist and Director of the Research Department, IMF; Gian Maria Milesi-Ferretti, Deputy Director, Research Department, IMF; Malhar Shyam Nabar, Division Chief, Research Department, IMF; Moderator: Raphael Anspach, Senior Communications officer, Communications Department, IMF (13/10/20)
IMF upgrades 2020 economic forecast but warns of a slower 2021
BBC News, Andrew walker (13/10/20)
IMF hints at improved global GDP forecast but warns of 'difficult climb' ahead
Business Insider, Ben Winck (6/10/20)
IMF estimates global Covid cost at $28tn in lost output
The Guardian, Larry Elliott (13/10/20)
IMF and World Bank must act fast after Covid caught policymakers napping
IMF Sees Shallower Recession, Tough Path Back to Recovery
Bloomberg, Eric Martin (13/10/20)
Explain what is meant by 'scarring effects'. Identify various ways in which the pandemic is likely to affect aggregate supply over the longer term.
Consider the arguments for and against governments continuing to run large budget deficits over the next few years.
What are the arguments for and against using 'helicopter money' in the current circumstances?
On purely economic grounds, what are the arguments for imposing much stricter lockdowns when Covid-19 rates are rising rapidly?
Chose two countries other than the UK, one industrialised and one developing. Consider what policies they are pursuing to achieve an optimal balance between limiting the spread of the virus and protecting the economy.
Tags: Tagsaggregate demand, aggregate supply, confidence, coronavirus, COVID-19, economic growth, fiscal policy, forecasts, general government debt, general government deficit, helicopter money, IMF, investment, Modern Monetary Theory, monetary policy, pandemic, Uncertainty, unemployment, World Economic OutlookPosted in: CategoriesEconomics 10e: Ch 15, Economics 10e: Ch 17, Economics 10e: Ch 22, Economics 10e: Ch 23, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 26, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 30, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 32, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 10, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 09, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 10, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 13Authored by: John Sloman
Posted on 29 August 2020 9 September 2020
Fed adopts new monetary targets
In the current environment of low inflation and rising unemployment, the Federal Reserve Bank, the USA's central bank, has amended its monetary targets. The new measures were announced by the Fed chair, Jay Powell, in a speech for the annual Jackson Hole central bankers' symposium (this year conducted online on August 27 and 28). The symposium was an opportunity for central bankers to reflect on their responses to the coronavirus pandemic and to consider what changes might need to be made to their monetary policy targets and instruments.
The Fed's previous targets
Previously, like most other central banks, the Fed had a long-run inflation target of 2%. It did, however, also seek to 'maximise employment'. In practice, this meant seeking to achieve a 'normal' rate of unemployment, which the Fed regards as ranging from 3.5 to 4.7% with a median value of 4.1%. The description of its objectives stated that:
In setting monetary policy, the Committee seeks to mitigate deviations of inflation from its longer-run goal and deviations of employment from the Committee's assessments of its maximum level. These objectives are generally complementary. However, under circumstances in which the Committee judges that the objectives are not complementary, it follows a balanced approach in promoting them, taking into account the magnitude of the deviations and the potentially different time horizons over which employment and inflation are projected to return to levels judged consistent with its mandate.
The new targets
Under the new system, the Fed has softened its inflation target. It will still be 2% over the longer term, but it will be regarded as an average, rather than a firm target. The Fed will be willing to see inflation above 2% for longer than previously before raising interest rates if this is felt necessary for the economy to recover and to achieve its long-run potential economic growth rate. Fed chair, Jay Powell, in a speech on 27 August said:
Following periods when inflation has been running below 2%, appropriate monetary policy will likely aim to achieve inflation moderately above 2 per cent for some time.
Additionally, the Fed has increased its emphasis on employment. Instead of focusing on deviations from normal employment, the Fed will now focus on the shortfall of employment from its normal level and not be concerned if employment temporarily exceeds its normal level. As Powell said:
Going forward, employment can run at or above real-time estimates of its maximum level without causing concern, unless accompanied by signs of unwanted increases in inflation or the emergence of other risks that could impede the attainment of our goals
The Fed will also take account of the distribution of employment and pay more attention to achieving a strong labour market in low-income and disadvantaged communities. However, apart from the benefits to such communities from a generally strong labour market, it is not clear how the Fed could focus on disadvantaged communities through the instruments it has at its disposal – interest rate changes and quantitative easing.
Modern monetary theorists (see blog MMT – a Magic Money Tree or Modern Monetary Theory?) will welcome the changes, arguing that they will allow more aggressive expansion and higher government borrowing at ultra-low interest rates.
The problem for the Fed is that it is attempting to achieve more aggressive goals without having any more than the two monetary instruments it currently has – lowering interest rates and increasing money supply through asset purchases (quantitative easing). Interest rates are already near rock bottom and further quantitative easing may continue to inflate asset prices (such as share and property prices) without sufficiently stimulating aggregate demand. Changing targets without changing the means of achieving them is likely to be unsuccessful.
It remains to be seen whether the Fed will move to funding government borrowing directly, which could allow for a huge stimulus through infrastructure spending, or whether it will merely stick to using asset purchases as a way for introducing new money into the system.
In landmark shift, Fed rewrites approach to inflation, labor market
Reuters, Jonnelle Marte, Ann Saphir and Howard Schneider (27/8/20)
5 Key Takeaways From Powell's Jackson Hole Fed Speech
Bloomberg, Mohamed A. El-Erian (28/8/20)
Fed adopts new strategy to allow higher inflation and welcome strong labor markets
Market Watch, Greg Robb (27/8/20)
Fed to tolerate higher inflation in policy shift
Financial Times, James Politi and Colby Smith (27/8/20)
Fed inflation shift raises questions about past rate rises
Dollar slides as bond market signals rising inflation angst
Financial Times, Adam Samson and Colby Smith (28/8/20)
Wall Street shares rise after Fed announces soft approach to inflation
The Guardian, Larry Elliott (27/8/20)
How the Fed Is Bringing an Inflation Debate to a Boil
Bloomberg, Ben Holland, Enda Curran, Vivien Lou Chen and Kyoungwha Kim (27/8/20)
The live now, pay later economy comes at a heavy cost for us all
The Guardian, Phillip Inman (29/8/20)
The world's central banks are starting to experiment. But what comes next?
The Guardian, Adam Tooze (9/9/20)
New Economic Challenges and the Fed's Monetary Policy Review
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Jay Powell (27/8/20)
The central bank balance sheet as a policy tool: past, present and future
Bank of England, Andrew Bailey (28/8/20)
Find out how much asset purchases by the Fed, the Bank of England and the ECB have increased in the current rounds of quantitative easing.
How do asset purchases affect narrow money, broad money and aggregate demand? Is there a fixed money multiplier effect between the narrow money increases and aggregate demand? Explain.
Why did the dollar exchange rate fall following the announcement of the new measures by Jay Powell?
The Governor of the Bank of England, Andrew Bailey, also gave a speech at the Jackson Hole symposium. How does the approach to money policy outlined by Bailey differ from that outlined by Jay Powell?
What practical steps, if any, could a central bank take to improve the relative employment prospects of disadvantaged groups?
Outline the arguments for and against central banks directly funding government expenditure through money creation.
What longer-term problems are likely to arise from central banks pursuing ultra-low interest rates for an extended period of time?
Tags: TagsAndrew Bailey, asset purchases, Bank of England, broad money, coronavirus, COVID-19, disadvantaged groups, ECB, Federal Reserve Bank, interest rates, Jackson Hole, Jay Powell, Modern Monetary Theory, monetary policy, monetary policy instruments, monetary targets, narrow money, quantitative easingPosted in: CategoriesEconomics 10e: Ch 18, Economics 10e: Ch 19, Economics 10e: Ch 22, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 28, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 30, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 10, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 13Authored by: John Sloman
MMT – a Magic Money Tree or Modern Monetary Theory?
Is there a 'magic money tree'? Is it desirable for central banks to create money to finance government deficits?
The standard thinking of conservative governments around the world is that creating money to finance deficits will be inflationary. Rather, governments should attempt to reduce deficits. This will reduce the problem of government expenditure crowding out private expenditure and reduce the burden placed on future generations of having to finance higher government debt.
If deficits rise because of government response to an emergency, such as supporting people and businesses during the Covid-19 pandemic, then, as soon as the problem begins to wane, governments should attempt to reduce the higher deficits by raising taxes or cutting government expenditure. This was the approach of many governments, including the Coalition and Conservative governments in the UK from 2010, as econommies began to recover from the 2007/8 financial crisis.
'Modern Monetary Theory' challenges these arguments. Advocates of the theory support the use of higher deficits financed by monetary expansion if the money is spent on things that increase potential output as well as actual output. Examples include spending on R&D, education, infrastructure, health and housing.
Modern monetary theorists still accept that excess demand will lead to inflation. Governments should therefore avoid excessive deficits and central banks should avoid creating excessive amounts of money. But, they argue that inflation caused by excess demand has not been a problem for many years in most countries. Instead, we have a problem of too little investment and too little spending generally. There is plenty of scope, they maintain, for expanding demand. This, if carefully directed, can lead to productivity growth and an expansion of aggregate supply to match the rise in aggregate demand.
Government deficits, they argue, are not intrinsically bad. Government debt is someone else's assets, whether in the form of government bonds, savings certificates, Treasury bills or other instruments. Provided the debt can be serviced at low interest rates, there is no problem for the government and the spending it generates can be managed to allow economies to function at near full capacity.
The following videos and articles look at modern monetary theory and assess its relevance. Not surprisingly, they differ in their support of the theory!
Modern Monetary Theory explained by Stephanie Kelton
CNBC, Stephanie Kelton (4/3/19)
Demystifying Modern Monetary Theory
Institute for New Economic Thinking on YouTube, Bill Mitchell (28/12/14)
Modern monetary theory: the rise of economists who say huge government debt is not a problem
The Conversation, John Whittaker (7/7/20)
Modern Monetary Theory: How MMT is challenging the economic establishment
ABC News, Gareth Hutchens (20/7/20)
What is Modern Monetary Theory and is it THE answer?
Sydney Morning Herald, Jessica Irvine (2/7/20)
MMT: what is modern monetary theory and will it work?
MoneyWeek, Stuart Watkins (14/7/20)
MMT: the magic money tree bears fruit
Modern Monetary Theory is no Magic Money Tree
Adam Smith Institute, Matt Kilcoyne (20/5/20)
"Modern Monetary Theory" Goes Mainstream
Forbes, Nathan Lewis (10/7/20)
How Boris Johnson's Conservatives have become Magic Money Tree huggers
The Scotsman, Bill Jamieson (16/7/20)
Ignore the impacts of debt-fuelled stimulus at your peril
Livewire, David Rosenbloom (14/7/20)
Modern Monetary Theory, explained
Vox.com, Dylan Matthews (16/4/19)
Compare traditional Keynesian economics and modern monetary theory.
Using the equation of exchange, MV = PY, what would a modern monetary theorist say about the effect of an expansion of M on the other variables?
What is the role of fiscal policy in modern monetary theory?
What evidence might suggest that money supply has been unduly restricted?
When, according to modern monetary theory, is a rising government deficit (a) not a problem; (b) a problem?
Is there any truth in the saying, 'There's no such thing as a magic money tree'?
Provide a critique of modern monetary theory.
Tags: Tagsaggregate demand, aggregate supply, crowding out, fiscal policy, government debt, Keynesian economics, magic money tree, Modern Monetary Theory, monetarism, money supply, neoclassical economics, potential output, productivity, quantitative easing, quantity theory of moneyPosted in: CategoriesEconomics 10e: Ch 17, Economics 10e: Ch 18, Economics 10e: Ch 19, Economics 10e: Ch 20, Economics 10e: Ch 21, Economics 10e: Ch 22, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 28, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 29, Economics for Business: 8e Ch 30, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 10, Essential Economics for Business: Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 10, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 11, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 12, Essentials of Economics: 8e Ch 13, Podcasts and VideosAuthored by: John Sloman


Many people will be left without a vote in today's elections throughout the UK, as printing suppliers failed to meet their deadlines for postal ballots.
Malcolm Dumper, executive director for policy at the Association of Electoral Administrators (AEA), told supplymanagement.com that new legislation brought in by the government to reduce fraud in postal voting had caught contractors and suppliers off guard. "There hasn't been sufficient time to plan ahead. There has been precious little time to get ready," he said.
Most contracts are for between 10,000 and 20,000 postal ballot packs. Returning officers are responsible for contracting suppliers for the compilation of the packs and printing of ballot papers. Dumper said the delays were caused by a combination of returning officers running out of time and printing firms being caught out on new technical requirements.
He also said, as a result of the new legislation, the number of suppliers had been reduced and there was less expertise in the market. This meant many officers were attempting to use the same supplier, which led to a lack of capacity.
The Electoral Commission, the independent organisation responsible for monitoring elections in the UK, said it would be considering the matter as part of its broad election evaluation.


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From the Pages of Psychiatric Times: August 2022
By Psychiatric Times Editors
The experts weighed in on a wide variety of psychiatric issues for the August 2022 issue of Psychiatric Times.
In the August issue of Psychiatric TimesTM, we worked with experts from multiple psychiatric areas to bring you thoughtful articles about a wide variety of psychiatric issues, from assessing mixed affective states to understanding and addressing substance use and misuse in clinicians. Here are some highlights from the issue.
Exploring Diagnostic Strategies in the Assessment of Mixed Affective States
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Depression has been well known to the medical community for multiple millennia. Through the ages, the understanding of depression and other affective disorders has undergone multiple revisions based on an evolving foundation of knowledge from contributing scientists and physicians. In 400 BCE, Hippocrates first used the terms mania and melancholia as a means of describing mental illness. Later, in the year 30 AD, Celsus, who was a physician in Rome, noticed that there was a relationship between depression and black bile, thus describing the term melancholia in his work De re medicina. As the understanding of mood disorders broadened over the centuries, clinicians began to notice the tendency for patients to fluctuate between mood states. Continue Reading
School Shooters and Psychopathy: A Rush to Judgment?
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It took only 48 hours for the pop psychology "diagnosis" of the Uvalde, Texas, shooter to hit the internet. One headline screamed, "A teenage psychopath is still a psychopath…." One prominent politician declared the shooter to be a "psychopath," and another upped the ante, describing him as a "heartless psychopath."
Several anonymous online comments ran along the lines of, "Who else but a psychopath could murder a room full of innocent schoolchildren?" That is a perfectly understandable question among the general public, but it amounts to little more than a circular argument and plays fast and loose with the concept of "psychopath." Continue Reading
What Are Clinicians Missing About Catatonia?
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Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome that features too little (hypokinetic), too much (hyperkinetic), or abnormal (parakinetic) movement and presents in association with primary mental illness or other medical conditions. An individual with catatonia may develop life-threatening autonomic abnormalities—a condition called malignant catatonia. Persistent or severe catatonia can also lead to a wide variety of medical complications. Prompt identification and management are imperative.
An estimated 5% to 10% of acute psychiatric inpatients have catatonia, with a growing body of literature describing catatonia in acute medical settings as well. Despite the prevalence of catatonia and its clinical impact, catatonia remains widely underdiagnosed. In fact, 2 separate studies found that roughly only 1 in 10 cases of catatonia was recognized by psychiatric inpatient treatment teams. Although several factors likely play a role, we believe that a widespread lack of understanding catatonia's clinical diversity may be a large reason catatonia so often goes undiagnosed. Continue Reading
Understanding and Addressing Physician Substance Use and Misuse
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Doctors and health care professionals are having a difficult time right now. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, our rates of burnout were steadily rising to the point that half of physicians have at least 1 symptom of burnout. We have one of the highest suicide rates of any profession, with female physicians being particularly vulnerable. A quarter to one-third of our students and trainees are reported to be suffering from clinical depression. The pandemic has exacerbated all the stressors that are fueling these tragic statistics.
A related issue that is not discussed nearly as thoroughly or as openly as it should be is that of physicians and addiction. Physicians become addicted to drugs or alcohol at least as commonly as the general population does. It is thought that 10% to 14% of physicians suffer from addiction to drugs or alcohol during their careers. Continue Reading
See the full August issue of Psychiatric TimesTM here. And be sure to stay up-to-date by subscribing to the Psychiatric TimesTM E-newsletter.
Do you have a comment on any of these or other articles? Have a good idea for an article and want to write? Interested in sharing your perspectives? Write to us at PTeditor@mmhgroup.com.
Positive Results from Phase 2a Trial of Psychedelic for Major Depressive Disorder
How to Talk to Teenagers About Substance Use
Blue Light Blockers: A Behavior Therapy for Mania
Telling Humanity's Brain Story: Insights From Brain Capital

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Click on the clothing business categories below to see detailed descriptions of pre-qualified businesses.
Ornamentation of fabric with needlework. The art can be done by hand or machine. If done in conjunction with other crafts, show as secondary business.
Merchandise consists of clothing as well as accessory items such as belts, purses, hats, shoes, etc. Infants and toddlers clothing and accessories are not eligible.
Representatives and distributors of Angela Moore Inc., Barefoot Parties, Butterfly Worldwide LLC, Chic Pursenality Inc., Claire Murray Home Gallery, Destinations Fashions, Million Wishes, Nefful U.S.A. Inc., Occasionally Handbags, Purse Party, PURSEnality Etcetera, Schu La La, The Finest Accessories Inc. and Weekenders USA Inc. are eligible operations for this classification.
Merchandise consists of undergarments, hosiery items, sleepwear, and accessories. Items are displayed, demonstrated, and sold directly to the consumer via mail order catalogues and/or arranging parties, generally in private homes to an individual or a small group. Adult toys are not eligible under this class.
Representatives and distributors of Essential Bodywear, Jeunique International Inc., Jockey Person to Person and Nefful U.S.A. Inc. are eligible operations for this classification.
Merchandise consists of clothing as well as accessory items such as belts, hats, shoes, etc. Infants and toddlers clothing and accessories are not eligible.
Representatives and distributors of Nefful U.S.A. Inc. have been prequalified and are eligible operations for this classification.
Act of marking with a design composed of one or more letters, typically the initials of a name, used as an identifying mark. The monogram can be sewn onto fabric by hand or by machine or engraved onto metals. If done in conjunction with other crafts, show as secondary business.
Consists of shoe repair, shoe dying, sneaker rebuilding, filling orthopedic shoe prescriptions, repair of orthopedic devices, handbag and luggage repair, zipper repair or replacement, and leather coat and jacket alterations and repair. Materials used in this business include: heavy-duty sewing machines, automatic shoe buffers, leathers, threads, plastic and rubber heels and soles, nails and tacks, hammers, knives, shoe polishes, rags, glues, foot measuring equipment, chairs, etc.
Tailors make, alter, and repair articles of clothing. A tailor will alter clothing so that it fits a person better. A seamstress makes a living by sewing. In addition to altering, zippers may be replaced or repaired, and buttons may be attached.


This year marked the 20th Anniversary of the Atlanta Charity Clays tournament held at Burge Plantation. The three-day event, beginning Thursday night with a kick-off party and silent auction, raised money for Atlanta area children's charities. Several Atlanta real estate firms were represented by sharp shooters including Hines, Jones Lang LaSalle, Cushman & Wakefield, Bullock Mannelly, HGOR, Dewberry Capital, Barry Companies and Shailendra Group. Resource Real Estate Marketing became a proud team sponsor for the 2010 event, in addition to their role as the design firm for event invitations and signage.


MAYSVILLE — A northeastern Kentucky town may have found a new way to "beet" icy road conditions in winter with a compound based on everyone's favorite vegetable.
Maysville Public Works Director Jim Fryman said the city will be using geomelt, a concentrate primarily made of beets, along with the traditional salt to treat icy roads.
The geomelt will be mixed as it is loaded onto trucks and pumped with a hose.
But, Fryman said, the city expects to learn as it goes during its first year using geomelt.
"It looks real dirty and sandy from treating the salt," Fryman said about what drivers should expect to see on roads.


BrainGuy63 (1 year ago) Inappropriate?
More SF sets are always welcome, thanks!
hikmayan (3 years ago) Inappropriate?
Gendragon's Mystical World (7 years ago) Inappropriate?
badab33 (9 years ago) Inappropriate?
This is great stuff, very much appreciated !


Asphyxiating is a wizard. He is a member of the unsorted masses of Hogwarts students just off the train eagerly crowding around the Sorting Hat.
For the veterans, this is Harvey. For the somewhat new people of the last few years, hello!


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Music, Music Videos, Premieres August 10, 2017 August 10, 2017
Premiere: Tom Forest Will Be Your "Believer" in Powerful New Song
We all need someone to believe in us; someone who will fight for us no matter what, be there for us throughout, support us when we fall, and watch us when we fly. Tom Forest's powerful new single "Believer" is a passionate cry into the darkness, shining a warm, bright light on the world.
I can see your troubles
weigh on you like stones
and how you face the world
takes courage, but let go, oh
And don't you waste one moment more
I will show you how I know
Watch: "Believer" – Tom Forest
Atwood Magazine is proud to be premiering the music video for "Believer," the latest incredible release from UK up-and-comer Tom Forest. In premiering the London singer/songwriter's official debut single "Summer" earlier this year, we described how Forest "the most of warm, full-bodied yet delicate soundscapes that evoke the most vulnerable, human of feelings." His soulful, impassioned voice invites us to dream – to ponder the little things, making the most of each day.
"Believer" puts Tom Forest's talents on full display with deep, bluesy riffs that evoke the heart of Forest's lyrics.
Hope – Tom Forest
I'm your believer,
I'm your believer.
Never gonna lose my faith.
so don't be afraid.
Reflecting the likes of U2 (a la "One") and early John Mayer, "Believer" resonates with vibrant energy that truly believes in itself. Directed by Theo Williams, Forest's music video bolsters that sentiment, echoing a place of comfort and safety.
"What is home? For us, it's our old red sofa," shares Forest. "It's the first thing we bought together, and it's held our friends, our family, each other. More than anything, those people are what we need to feel at home. We are so lucky to have this." That sofa plays an integral part in the "Believer" video, as various characters switch of sitting on that sofa. Everyone is going through something – some are smiling, some are melancholy, and some appear to be content. Everyone, however, is at home on that sofa – it's like they're in a therapy session; a safe space.
Forest continues: "So many people have been driven by deliberate policy into dangerous places. Families living in one room, tower blocks that are unsafe. Its not enough to put a sofa into a room and call it a home, people need so much more than that." Forest may be acknowledging the limitations of his video, yet it still carries its own weight. "The people in this video all have their own stories to tell. Some are friends and family, and some are strangers. We believe they are all important and all deserve to be seen and have a voice."
I can see you struggle conflicted
build a home
Everyone can see your heart's decision
now go, go.
Don't you waste one moment more
I will show you
I'm your believer
Never gonna lose my faith
Tom Forest – Believer 2017
Believer – Tom Forest
That's what "Believer" is: A safe space, an opportunity for all to share their truths, their stories, their worlds. Once again, Tom Forest shares a depth that goes so far beyond his peers, demonstrating the power and potential of music. His debut album Hope is anticipated for early 2018; it was co-written with and produced by his long-term collaborator and now wife, Isabel Gracefield (Forest is her Grandmother's name), and recorded over the space of a month in East London. Hope is for and about their family, and it rings true for all.
Join us and hop on the Tom Forest train as this 2017 artist-to-watch continues his promising ascent.
Connect to Tom Forest on
cover © Tom Forest
"Summer," Tom Forest's Bittersweet Embrace of the Moment
:: premiere ::
:: Listen to Tom Forest ::
Premiere: This Wild Life's "Catie Rae" Is a True, Unabridged Love Song
This Wild Life capture love's magical journey in "Catie Rae," an emotional...
Stockholm's ViVii Enchant with Ethereal, Exhilarating "Summer of 99" & "Whistle" Video
Premiere: No Rearview Mirror Needed as Delena Drives Off on "One Night"
"Simple & True": The Sea The Sea Stun with Enchanting, Warm & Wondrous 3rd Album 'Stumbling Home'
Feature: Bear's Den Shine a Light on Grief in 'So that you might hear me'
Exclusive Premiere: Agelast Immortalizes Love on "A Different Time"
Today's Song: How Keesh Immortalizes Love in "Ode to Fred"
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Next articlePremiere: Warmth, Hope and Dreams in Walter Etc.'s "Petunia You're Home"
Columns, Music, Today's Song
Today's Song: Day Wave's "Wasting Time" Is a Haunting Plea for an Escape


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Labour election hopeful Luke Field to host Public Meeting on Cork Flood Relief Scheme
By TheCork.ie on 10th February, 2017 Comments Off on Labour election hopeful Luke Field to host Public Meeting on Cork Flood Relief Scheme
10 February 2017, Friday
Luke Field, Labour Party local area representative in the South West ward of Cork City, will host a Submission Workshop this Wednesday (15th February 2017) to assist people looking to contribute to the public consultation on the Cork Flood Relief Scheme.
Luke Field
'Engineers and experts in planning will be available on the night to offer support and guidance to participants to help them with technical details and language,' said Mr Field.
'I'm inviting local residents, workers, and businesspeople to come and contribute their views to a document that will be submitted to the public consultation before it closes next month.
'Anyone who has been working on their own personal submission but would like to get some expert advice on it is welcome to bring it along as well,' Mr Field added.
The workshop will take place from 6:30pm on Wednesday 15th February 2017 in the Lough Community Centre (pictured above), Green Street. All are welcome.
Labour election hopeful Luke Field to host Public Meeting on Cork Flood Relief Scheme added by TheCork.ie on 10th February, 2017


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Language News
Language Crucial to Accurate Census
In recognition of the fact that limited-English proficient households are traditionally underrepresented in census reporting, the federal government is planning to officially collect Census 2020 responses in six new language options—Arabic, French, Haitian Creole, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, and Tagalog.
These languages are in addition to English, Chinese, Korean, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese which were available ten years ago, but paper forms will only be available in English and Spanish.
For the 2020 count, the census bureau is accepting responses in languages spoken in around 60,000 or more households with limited English skills. Paper forms will be available in English and in Spanish, while the bureau collects responses in the other 11 languages online and by phone. In addition, video and printed guides will be available in 59 non-English languages, and there will be a video in American Sign Language, plus a printed guide in Braille.
In addition to making the count more accurate, offering multiple language options should also cut the number of census workers needed to collect information, however, concerns remain that speakers of languages other than English will continue to be among the most likely to be excluded from census figures.
Language Magazine is calling on language educators to help ensure that limited-English speakers take part in the census with the campaign Count On Me! — Campaign for an Accurate 2020 Census. Educators are trusted by limited-English-speaking minorities, making them the ideal messengers.
Language Magazine is producing guides to help teachers explain the importance of taking part in Census 2020 and the guarantee that the information will not be shared.
For more information, visit www.languagemagazine.com/CountOnMe
Previous articleA Network of Teachers for Globally Connected Immersion Classrooms
Next articleNational Library Week: This Library Changed One Woman's Life
Canada's New Indigenous Language Office
Mexico and Spain to Promote Spanish in U.S.
Keep calm & communicate: COVID-19 Resources for Successful Remote Education Here
COVID-19 News Updates
English Learner Slated to Lead U.S. Education
Congress Approves Extra $15M for World Languages
From Silence to Conversation: Breaking Down the Wall One Essential Shift at a Time
Our Brains Interpret Coding Differently from Language
Getting Real with Translation & Interpreting


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Explore Search Results: author: Bernard
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Complementary and Alternative Medicine (Cam) Amongst Turkish Medical Faculty Students (2015, Journal Article)
Yurtseven, Eray,
Vehid, Suphi,
Bosat, Merve,
Sumer, Esin Cetinkaya,
Akdeniz, Sidika Ipek,
Cig, Gulnaz,
Tahirbegolli, Bernard
Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies are becoming increasingly acceptable to the general public and are increasingly used around the world. The international rise in focus on CAM and the increased incorporation of CAM into medical curricula make it important to gain insight into the knowledge and attitudes of medical students about CAM and its integration in the medical curriculum. Materials and Methods: In this present study, we attempt to investigate the Cerrahpasa medical faculty students' knowledge, attitude and practices of the students on CAM. The study used a primary cross-sectional data collection from students of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, in 2012-2013 academic years. Results: Students' knowledge of CAM between classes was also compared. There were also statistically significant differences about the knowledge of those methods (acupuncture, acupressure, yoga, reiki, prayer, meditation massage, dietary, spa). Prayer was the most known modality in all medical classes' students (first year students: 254, sixth year students: 192). The students who participated in the study stated that 433 (% 59.4) have some knowledge about the acupuncture (first year students: 229, sixth year students: 204). Acupressure was found to be at least known methods for CAM (first year students: 313, sixth year students: 282). Conclusion: Medical students in our faculty had limited knowledge about CAM therapies. Medical students also have an understanding of the importance of CAM education in the medical curriculum, specifically how it will positively influence professional attitude and stimulate the doctor-patient relationship.
Biofeedback and meditation in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses (Journal Article)
Bernard C. Glueck,
Charles F. Stroebel
Building learning communities with character: how to integrate academic, social, and emotional learning (2002, Book)
Bernard Novick
Presents a nine-step model for teaching character, designed to integrate academic, social, and emotional learning; anticipate problems; and hold students to high standards.
Can Explicit Instruction in Social and Emotional Learning Skills Benefit the Social-Emotional Development, Well-Being, and Academic Achievement of Young Children? (2012, Journal Article)
Ashdown, Daniela Maree,
Bernard, Michael E.
This study investigated the effect of a social and emotional learning skills curriculum, the "You Can Do It! Early Childhood Education Program" (YCDI), on the social-emotional development, well-being, and academic achievement of 99 preparatory and grade 1 students attending a Catholic school in Melbourne, Australia. One preparatory and one grade 1 class were randomly chosen to receive structured lessons in YCDI, delivered by their classroom teachers over a period of 10 weeks, while the remaining preparatory and grade 1 class served as the control group. The lessons were designed to teach young children confidence, persistence, organisation and emotional resilience. The educational program consisted of explicit, direct instruction lessons drawn from the YCDI Early Childhood Curriculum taught three times a week, supported by a variety of additional social and emotional teaching practices. The results indicated that YCDI had a statistically significant positive effect on levels of social-emotional competence and well-being for the preparatory and grade 1 students, a reduction in problem behaviours (externalising, internalising, and hyperactivity problems) for the grade 1 students, and an increase in reading achievement (decoding text) for the lower achieving grade 1 students. These findings are discussed with regard to issues concerning the role of explicit instruction in social and emotional learning for the early years.
Cognitive rehabilitation and mindfulness in multiple sclerosis (REMIND-MS): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (2017, Journal Article)
Nauta, Ilse M.,
Speckens, Anne E. M.,
Kessels, Roy P. C.,
Geurts, Jeroen J. G.,
de Groot, Vincent,
Uitdehaag, Bernard M. J.,
Fasotti, Luciano,
de Jong, Brigit A.
BackgroundCognitive problems frequently occur in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and profoundly affect their quality of life. So far, the best cognitive treatment options for MS patients are a matter of debate. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of two promising non-pharmacological treatments: cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Furthermore, this study aims to gain additional knowledge about the aetiology of cognitive problems among MS patients, since this may help to develop and guide effective cognitive treatments. Methods/design In a dual-centre, single-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT), 120 MS patients will be randomised into one of three parallel groups: CRT, MBCT or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). Both CRT and MBCT consist of a structured 9-week program. ETAU consists of one appointment with an MS specialist nurse. Measurements will be performed at baseline, post-intervention and 6 months after the interventions. The primary outcome measure is the level of subjective cognitive complaints. Secondary outcome measures are objective cognitive function, functional brain network measures (using magnetoencephalography), psychological symptoms, well-being, quality of life and daily life functioning. Discussion To our knowledge, this will be the first RCT that investigates the effect of MBCT on cognitive function among MS patients. In addition, studying the effect of CRT on cognitive function may provide direction to the contradictory evidence that is currently available. This study will also provide information on changes in functional brain networks in relation to cognitive function. To conclude, this study may help to understand and treat cognitive problems among MS patients.
Contemporary Perspectives on Social Learning in Early Childhood Education. Contemporary Perspectives in Early Childhood Education (2007, Book)
Olivia Saracho,
Bernard Spodek
Social epistemology is a broad set of approaches to the study of knowledge and to gain information about the social dimensions. This intellectual movement of wide cross-disciplinary sources reconstructs the problems of epistemology when knowledge is considered to be intrinsically social. In the first chapter, "Social Epistemology and Social Learning," Olivia Saracho and Bernard Spodek discuss the social and historical contexts in which different forms of knowledge are formulated based on the perspective of social epistemology. They also discuss the emergence of social epistemology, which guides researchers to investigate social phenomena in laboratory and field settings. Social factors "external" to the appropriate business of science have a major impact in the social studies researchers' historical case studies. Thus, social studies researchers may be considered social epistemologists, because (a) they focus on knowledge of social influences and (b) they infer epistemologically significant conclusions from their sociological or anthropological research. In addition, analyses indicate that studies of scientific paradigms are basically a struggle for political power rather than reflecting reliable epistemic merit. Social studies researchers focus on knowledge of social influences on knowledge, which is analogous to the knowledge of the social epistemologists. They also use their sociological or anthropological research to infer epistemologically significant conclusions. Contents include: (1) Introduction--Social Learning in the Early Childhood Years (Olivia N. Saracho and Bernard Spodek); (2) Social Epistemology and Social Learning (Olivia N. Saracho and Bernard Spodek); (3) Social Dynamics of Early Childhood Classrooms: Considerations and Implications for Teachers (Kathleen Cranley Gallagher, Kimberly Dadisman, Thomas W. Farmer, Laura Huss, and Bryan C. Hutchins); (4) The Development of Social Identity and Intergroup Attitudes in Young Children (Kurt Kowalski); (5) The Development of Ethnic Prejudice in Early Childhood: Theories and Research (Drew Nesdale); (6) Executive Function, Behavioral Self-Regulation, and Social-Emotional Competence: Links to School Readiness (Megan M. McClelland, Claire E. Cameron, Shannon B. Wanless, and Amy Murray); (7) Capital at Home and at School as Determinants of Child Social Adjustment (Toby L. Parcel); (8) Parenting and Schooling Influences on Early Self-Regulation Development (Abigail M. Jewkes and Frederick J. Morrison); (9) Positive Parent-Provider Relationships: A Key to Healthy Parent-Child Relationships (Angela M. Tomlin); (10) Promoting School Readiness in Foster Children (Katherine C. Pears, Philip A. Fisher, Cynthia V. Heywood, and Kimberly D. Bronz); (11) Teaching History and Social Studies to Young Children (Gary Fertig); (12) Play as Group Improvisation: A Social Semiotic, Multimodal Perspective on Play and Literacy (Stacy L. DeZutter); (13) Social Aspects in Language and Literacy Learning: Progress, Problems, and Interventions (Adriana G. Bus, Maria T. de Jong, and Marinus H. Van IJzendoorn); (14) If You're Not Like Me Can We Play? Peer Groups in Preschool (Carollee Howes and Linda Lee); (15) Social Life of Young Children: Co-construction of Shared Meanings and Togetherness, Humour and Conflicts in Child Care Centers (Elly Singer and Dorian de Haan); and (16) Social Learning as the Basis for Early Childhood Education (Olivia N. Saracho and Bernard Spodek)
Editorial: What can Neuroscience Learn from Contemplative Practices? (2015, Journal Article)
Josipovic, Zoran,
Baars, Bernard J.
Contemplative practices like meditation and mindfulness have recently gained increased acceptance in science and clinical practice, although a number of issues related to their phenomenology and to experimental designs still remain.
A Gray Matter: Another look at Buddhism and neuroscience (Journal Article)
Bernard Faure
Participants in the dialogue between science and Buddhism have long modeled their discussion primarily on the idea of convergence, the premise that the most significant comparisons are those that reveal common ground. This is by no means the only model for comparative discussion, and I would argue that in the case of Buddhism and science it is deeply flawed. Instead, another model—one based on mutual challenge, in which the two sides are able to shed light on each other precisely because of their differences—offers what I see as a more potentially fruitful alternative.
Neuroscience and Contemplation
A Gray Matter: Another look at Buddhism and neuroscience (Magazine Article)
Honey and salt: selected spiritual writings of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux (2007, Book)
Bernard,
John F. Thornton,
Susan B. Varenne
Bernard, of Clairvaux, Saint, 1090/91-1153,
Sermons, Latin,
Sermons, medieval,
It's Time We Teach Social-Emotional Competence as Well as We Teach Academic Competence (2006, Journal Article)
This article discusses the non-academic, social-emotional factors that contribute to student academic achievement, including the cognitive-behavioral characteristics of underachieving students and those with learning disabilities; the "You Can Do It! Education" (YCDI) theory of achievement; derivative research on social-emotional capabilities, called the Five Foundations (Academic Confidence, Work Persistence, Work Organization, Getting Along, Emotional Resilience) that, when delayed, produce achievement problems; and recommendations for developing students' social-emotional competence. The research reviewed demonstrates that the Five Foundations and associated Habits of the Mind can be taught to young people, producing increased effort with schoolwork and better achievement.
Japanese Tantra, the Tachikawa-ryū, and Ryōbu Shintō (2000, Book Chapter)
Deity yoga (devata-yoga, lhé nenjor),
Generation phase (utpattikrama, kyerim),
Sexuality (as theme of meditation),
Shingon,
Shinto,
Tantra,
Tantra-based
Practices Specific to Tibetan Buddhism,
Learning with the labyrinth: Creating reflective space in higher education (2016, Book)
Sellers, Jan,
Moss, Bernard
This book discusses the theory and practice of labyrinth creation and use. From issues of design and cost, to how a labyrinth may be used as a university-wide resource and also be used for outreach to the wider community, it covers labyrinth use: • Within disciplines, such as initiatives to deepen reflection and explore contemplative approaches to learning• In wider university contexts, such as counselling; chaplaincy; learning and educational development; widening participation and student transition• Across the whole university, and reaching out to the wider community of which the university is a part, from the labyrinth as a conference resource (as well as topic), to festival contributions. Learning with the Labyrinth seeks to illustrate, inspire and share ideas that can be taken further by the reader.
Mindfulness is associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems in urban firefighters. (2011, Journal Article)
Smith, Bruce W.,
Ortiz, J. Alexis,
Steffen, Laurie E.,
Tooley, Erin M.,
Wiggins, Kathryn T.,
Yeater, Elizabeth A.,
Montoya, John D.,
Bernard, Michael L.
Objective: This study investigated the association between mindfulness, other resilience resources, and several measures of health in 124 urban firefighters. Method: Participants completed health measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems and measures of resilience resources including mindfulness, optimism, personal mastery, and social support. The Mindful Awareness and Attention Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) was used to assess mindfulness. Participants also completed measures of firefighter stress, number of calls, and years as a firefighter as control variables. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted with the health measures as the dependent variables with 3 levels of independent variables: (a) demographic characteristics, (b) firefighter variables, and (c) resilience resources. Results: The results showed that mindfulness was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, physical symptoms, and alcohol problems when controlling for the other study variables. Personal mastery and social support were also related to fewer depressive symptoms, firefighter stress was related to more PTSD symptoms and alcohol problems, and years as a firefighter were related to fewer alcohol problems. Conclusions: Mindfulness may be important to consider and include in models of stress, coping, and resilience in firefighters. Future studies should examine the prospective relationship between mindfulness and health in firefighters and others in high-stress occupations.
A pilot study comparing the effects of mindfulness-based and cognitive-behavioral stress reduction (2008, Journal Article)
Shelley, Brian M.,
Dalen, Jeanne,
Wiggins, Kathryn,
Tooley, Erin,
Bernard, Jennifer
Objectives: The objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of two mind-body interventions: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive-behavioral stress reduction (CBSR). Subjects: Fifty ( 50) subjects were recruited from the community and took part in MBSR (n = 36) and CBSR (n = 14) courses. Participants self-selected into MBSR or CBSR courses taught at different times. There were no initial differences between the MBSR and CBSR subjects on demographics, including age, gender, education, and income. Intervention: MBSR was an 8-week course using meditation, gentle yoga, and body scanning exercises to increase mindfulness. CBSR was an 8-week course using cognitive and behavioral techniques to change thinking and reduce distress. Design: Perceived stress, depression, psychological well-being, neuroticism, binge eating, energy, pain, and mindfulness were assessed before and after each course. Pre-post scores for each intervention were compared by using paired t tests. Pre-post scores across interventions were compared by using a general linear model with repeated measures. Settings/Locations: Weekly meetings for both courses were held in a large room on a university medical center campus. Results: MBSR subjects improved on all eight outcomes, with all of the differences being significant. CBSR subjects improved on six of eight outcomes, with significant improvements on well-being, perceived stress, and depression. Multivariate analyses showed that the MBSR subjects had better outcomes across all variables, when compared with the CBSR subjects. Univariate analyses showed that MBSR subjects had better outcomes with regard to mindfulness, energy, pain, and a trend for binge eating. Conclusions: While MBSR and CBSR may both be effective in reducing perceived stress and depression, MBSR may be more effective in increasing mindfulness and energy and reducing pain. Future studies should continue to examine the differential effects of cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based interventions and attempt to explain the reasons for the differences.
Smith, B. W.,
Shelley, B. M.,
Dalen, J,
Wiggins, K,
Tooley, E,
Bernard, J
OBJECTIVES:The objective of this pilot study was to compare the effects of two mind-body interventions: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and cognitive-behavioral stress reduction (CBSR). SUBJECTS: Fifty (50) subjects were recruited from the community and took part in MBSR (n = 36) and CBSR (n = 14) courses. Participants self-selected into MBSR or CBSR courses taught at different times. There were no initial differences between the MBSR and CBSR subjects on demographics, including age, gender, education, and income. INTERVENTION: MBSR was an 8-week course using meditation, gentle yoga, and body scanning exercises to increase mindfulness. CBSR was an 8-week course using cognitive and behavioral techniques to change thinking and reduce distress. DESIGN: Perceived stress, depression, psychological well-being, neuroticism, binge eating, energy, pain, and mindfulness were assessed before and after each course. Pre-post scores for each intervention were compared by using paired t tests. Pre-post scores across interventions were compared by using a general linear model with repeated measures. SETTINGS/LOCATIONS: Weekly meetings for both courses were held in a large room on a university medical center campus. RESULTS: MBSR subjects improved on all eight outcomes, with all of the differences being significant. CBSR subjects improved on six of eight outcomes, with significant improvements on well-being, perceived stress, and depression. Multivariate analyses showed that the MBSR subjects had better outcomes across all variables, when compared with the CBSR subjects. Univariate analyses showed that MBSR subjects had better outcomes with regard to mindfulness, energy, pain, and a trend for binge eating. CONCLUSIONS: While MBSR and CBSR may both be effective in reducing perceived stress and depression, MBSR may be more effective in increasing mindfulness and energy and reducing pain. Future studies should continue to examine the differential effects of cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based interventions and attempt to explain the reasons for the differences.
Reconceptualizing the 'Anthropos' in the Anthropocene: Integrating the social sciences and humanities in global environmental change research (2013, Journal Article)
Palsson, Gisli,
Szerszynski, Bronislaw,
Sörlin, Sverker,
Marks, John,
Avril, Bernard,
Crumley, Carole,
Hackmann, Heide,
Holm, Poul,
Ingram, John,
Kirman, Alan,
Buendía, Mercedes Pardo,
Weehuizen, Rifka
There is growing recognition that humans are faced with a critical and narrowing window of opportunity to halt or reverse some of the key indicators involved in the environmental crisis. Given human activities' scale and impact, as well as the overly narrow perspectives of environmental research's dominant natural sciences, a major effort is necessary to place the perspectives and insights of the humanities' and social sciences' perspectives and insights at the forefront. Such effort will require developing integrated approaches, projects, and institutions that truly do so. This article's goal is to help mobilize the social sciences and the humanities on the topic of sustainability transitions, but also call for a meaningful research agenda to acknowledge the profound implications of the advent of the Anthropocene epoch. We formulate the need for an innovative research agenda based on a careful consideration of the changing human condition as linked to global environmental change. The humanities and social sciences will need to change and adapt to this pressing, historic task.


I was born in Winnetka at 511 Provident Avenue, between Elm and Oak streets. My son is now living in the house. My father was also born in Winnetka, I'm not sure exactly where.
Growing up in Winnetka was quite different back in the 1930s and 40s. The pace was a lot slower. People walked up to the store to shop. Cars were not as plentiful. Not every family owned one and those that did mostly used it to visit someone on weekends, mainly out of town. Winter was a different story. After a big snow, traffic was scarce for a few days. No one had plow service back then—the plow service was a strong back and a snow shovel. If the driveway was long it sometimes took a good day or two to shovel it out. By that time roads were plowed. Residents learned to live with the conditions of winter and took it in stride.
My early days I can remember going fishing with my dad, kite sailing after we made the kite, playing marbles on the living room rug, playing checkers, playing catch, going to ball games at Skokie Playfield where I got a treat when the candy man came by, a candy bar. Can't say treats were very plentiful back in my early days.
My first school was kindergarten at Horace Mann School—where the post office is today. Next was Sacred Heart School, then on to New Trier High School. How did I get there? Grammar school I walked most of the time along with others, until I was able to ride a bike, roller skate, sometimes ice skate, sun, rain, sleet or snow. Rides to school were the real treat. Rarely got one.
After school some of us usually got together and played some kind of game. If the weather was nice it was generally some kind of baseball or football in front of the house, providing we could get some players. Cars being scarce, we played a lot in front of the house in the road. The manhole cover in the middle of the road was home plate. We also played checkers, chess, Monopoly, cards, tag, red light/green light, kick the can, cops and robbers, cowboys and Indians. We could listen to the radio serials if the weather wasn't too bad and the battery was good. Orphan Annie, Tom Mix, Jack Armstrong, Captain Midnight…they were great for getting into something exciting and then saying "tune in tomorrow and find out what happens." Weekends we could go for bike rides, hike in the forest preserves. Another favorite spot was the beach, conditions permitting. In the summer we first went to the golf course to caddy, or another job before we got to play.
Paper routes in my day were delivered by school kids on bicycles. Older ones may have had an old jalopy. Papers had to be delivered by 7 a.m. Nice days it was a pretty nice job. Can't say the same for rainy and snowy days. On snow days I had to get up a lot earlier to get done, and even then a few times I'd be late for school.
During the morning paper route, when the weather was nice, the store owners would be out washing the store windows and sweeping up in front. Most of the stores were owned by Winnetka residents who knew your parents. From what I remember, back then it was business with a more friendly atmosphere. They were your friends beside being businessmen.
In the early years Winnetka had a real nice mix of stores. Rapp Brothers, National, A&P, Voltz, Schlossers, Demma's, Jewel & Liebschutz were all grocery stores. There were a couple of delicatessen stores that carried a small amount of items for emergencies and they were open when others weren't. Other stores were hardware, pharmacies, clothing, dress, shoe, jewelers, car dealers, service stations, paint, lunch counters and restaurants, banks and boutiques. All your shopping was pretty much done locally, no shopping malls back then.
Some things I feel kept people more neighborly was that there was no TV, computers or air conditioners. Neighbors were outside more and did their own yard work and saw one another to talk to. Kids weren't involved in so many after-school activities and mom didn't have to be a taxi to make all the schedules.
The North Shore Line was a great way to get downtown and fares were cheap. Trains ran often—every half hour and early morning till midnight, if I remember right. Things began to change when people got cars. People who used to take the train, took their car instead. Traffic was light and they could park close to the office and come and go without a train schedule. Later years traffic got heavier and people got older and didn't like the hassle, so they went back to the train—only to find that the service was not the same, because it didn't have all the riders it used to. There was also the Chicago Northwestern, now the Metra, that is still running.
Can't say I like all the changes over the years. The quaintness of Winnetka has changed drastically. Maybe if I hadn't been brought up in this area it wouldn't concern me as much. There used to be a mix of homes, but now they build them all as big as can be. I guess that is progress, but I don't have to like it.


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Privileged Elite: Kauai School Employees Begin Getting Vaccinations Monday
By News Release @ 4:05 AM :: 680 Views :: Kauai County, Education K-12, Labor, COVID-19
Teachers receiving COVID-19 vaccinations in first phase of distribution
Vaccines should be available to educators in late January, February
News Release from HSTA, January 8, 2021 (with some select comments in parenthesis)
Educators (who haven't met the public in months) will begin to get access to vaccines on a regular basis toward the end of January and early February, state officials said, while Kauai (lowest COVID rate in Hawaii) public school employees will get vaccinated starting Monday.
(BTW will this guy get a shot? "HSTA Member Posts Bail, Returning to Mainland after Forcing Kauai School Evacuation")
Many Hawaii State Teachers Association members are eagerly awaiting news of the COVID-19 vaccine. HSTA has been in discussions with the Hawaii State Department of Education (HIDOE) and Department of Health (DOH) and can provide the following updates for our members.
(Meanwhile there are 100,000s of 65 and 75 year olds who are still waiting. Too bad they didn't put a govenor in office.)
The COVID-19 vaccines began arriving in Hawaii in December. About 65,000 doses had arrived by the end of the month with more arriving each week. Vaccine distribution and access are prioritized as illustrated below:
There are two phases to the vaccine distribution. Phase 1 is further broken down into three groups:
1a: Health care personnel and long-term care facility residents
1b: Adults older than 75 and frontline essential workers* ⬅ Teachers fall in this category.
1c: Adults 65–74 years, persons 16–64 who have high-risk medical conditions, and essential workers who are not considered "frontline"
*Frontline essential workers are defined as workers whose duties must be performed on-site and require being in close proximity to the public or coworkers, are at substantially higher risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and are essential to the functioning of society with special attention to life and safety first.
Approximately 75 percent of Hawaii's population falls in category 1a, 1b, or 1c. This means that the Phase 1 vaccine distribution will likely continue through the spring and into the summer as the category includes approximately 800,000 people. Phase 2 includes everyone else ages 16 and older, around 300,000 people.
Vaccines have not been approved for distribution to anyone under 16 years old. The state has not given any indications that it will mandate vaccines for any student at this time. In addition, there are no plans to distribute vaccines to students ages 16+ through the public school system. Any determination of mandatory student vaccines would be led by the DOH, which has the authority to determine any required vaccines for students in public schools and universities.
HSTA encourages members, public to get vaccinated
While the state of Hawaii currently has no plans to mandate vaccines for employees in public schools, the HSTA fully encourages all of its members and the community to get COVID-19 vaccinations. HSTA is optimistic that when educators receive the second of the two-step vaccinations currently available in the United States, that will open up safer opportunities to increase in-person learning options. HSTA also believes teachers who are medically unable to receive the vaccine must also be given a chance to conduct distance learning until we have achieved herd immunity.
For the vaccine to be fully effective within our community, the goal is to vaccinate 60–70 percent of Hawaii's 1.1 million population. The goal is to complete distributing the vaccine as quickly and effectively as possible, so distribution may ebb and flow at various rates based on the availability of vaccines within the immediate geographic area. For example, Kauai had additional vaccines available and the DOH is making those available to HIDOE employees starting Monday, Jan. 11. This was very unusual, but a good example of how working quickly to provide vaccines to each priority group will result in inconsistent dates for distribution. Generally, the HSTA expects educators will begin to get access to vaccines on a regular basis toward the end of January and early February.
Make sure you notify your employer (HIDOE, charter school) if you want the vaccine
The HIDOE and charter schools should be providing a list of all employees with prioritization groups to the DOH within the next week or so. The HIDOE has split its employees into three groups to prioritize vaccinations:
Group 1: Adults who work on-site and have direct contact with the public, including employees at the school level,
Group 2: Those who work in close proximity to colleagues, including places like the district office staff, and
Group 3: All others, including places like HIDOE state office.
Schools are also going to begin surveying employees on their desire to receive the vaccine. These surveys will not be distributed en masse; they are being coordinated locally through the district offices.
Teachers are strongly encouraged to respond to the survey in a timely manner. The survey will ask if you are interested in receiving the vaccine, which places you on a list for access, and will likely ask you for personal contact information and the like so they can properly prepare systems for tracking. Tracking is required so officials can ensure recipients get their second dose in a timely manner.
If you are at all interested in the vaccine, responding in the positive will ensure you are placed in the count. If you respond in the negative and change your mind later, this may delay your access to the vaccine as vaccines are being ordered based on initial positive responses.
How will I know when I can get the vaccine and if it's available?
Once it is clear that vaccines are available for a specific employee group in a geographic area, you will be notified by your employer of the date, time, location, and any other specifics.
The HSTA has requested that, if possible, distribution sites be set up near workplaces. However, members should know the vaccines require specific cold storage and health care workers are in short supply, so all distribution of vaccines are being done in the most efficient way possible to maintain vaccine integrity and not overextend health care staff.
The HSTA has also requested that, if possible, paid work time be provided for employees to get the vaccine. We are awaiting a response on this request.
The HSTA has representatives who sit on the state's Vaccine Implementation Program Committee, which is made up of representatives from more than 100 medical organizations, government departments, schools, universities, and other non-profits throughout the state and community. Regular meetings and communications have occurred since November to keep all these groups informed. In addition, HSTA has been in discussion with the HIDOE regarding their plans for supporting vaccine availability for employees.
Using guidance from the federal government, the state developed a vaccine implementation plan that is in continuous adjustment and improvement.
Click here for more information related to the state's vaccine program
CB: Hawaii Teachers Get Their Turn To Receive COVID-19 Vaccines


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How corporate social responsibility can boost your bottom line
LAS VEGAS – Corporate social responsibility may sound like a cliché, but it can help improve the poor reputation of the entire 401(k) industry and also be good for business.
That's according to George Fraser, managing director of the Retirement Benefits Group, who spoke this week during a panel discussion at the NAPA 401(k) Summit.
"We can change our image and we can change people's lives," he said of the benefits of corporate social responsibility in the retirement industry.
He noted that the business still feels some effect from a negative portrayal on Frontline, PBS's documentary series, years ago. That program highlighted the fees involved in some plans and gave a disturbing view of general retirement preparedness in the U.S. But a good CSR program can go a long way to changing a community's mindset, he said.
See also: Small businesses afford major opportunity for advisers
The panelists said that people often confuse corporate social responsibility with socially responsible investing or environmental social and governance. But in fact, those investing strategies can be part of a broader CSR program. (They also joked that the industry did not need another acronym.) Indeed, CSR is a broader look at the community and treating it as a stakeholder that a company should feel some responsibility toward, they said.
Corporate social responsibility has become more important to employers in a variety of industries. Employers including Bank of America, Southwest Airlines and accounting firm EY offer a number of benefits that encourage employees to give back to the community. Some employers also offer matching benefits. For example, employees at JPMorgan Chase, for every dollar donated up to $1,000, receive a $2 credit in their charitable spending account, which can be used to donate to any nonprofit organization approved by the JPMorgan Chase Foundation.
In the 401(k) industry, there may be a number of small grassroots programs that can help companies improve their CSR, said another panelist, Jason Chepenik, managing partner of Chepenik Financial. But many of these programs simply aren't touted and don't get much recognition, she said.
They agreed that a certain amount of self-promotion is necessary in this area. It can inspire others to action and start a domino effect of other CSR programs.
See also: Employees think they're on track for retirement. Here's where they're wrong
Another panelist, Barb Delaney, a principal from Stone Street Renaissance, described a financial literacy program she oversees in schools in the Bronx. She said there is a lot of need in some of the schools in the New York borough, both for financial literacy and basic help.
"Eighty-five-percent of the kids don't have a father, 10% go home to shelters," she said. "They need the basics."
As for the business benefits, Chepenik says that corporate social responsibility has given his team more purpose, while also strengthening the business relationships with record keepers and RIAs.
Lee Conrad
Former senior editor, Employee Benefit News and Employee Benefit Adviser
Retirement benefitsRetirement planningCorporate philanthropyPhilanthropyVoluntary benefitsBenefit strategies


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BILLIS MOTO RENT
Patmos Island
Patmos or Patinos, as the locals call it, is the northernmost island of the Dodecanese, between the islands of Samos, Ikaria and Leros. The island is an elongated strip of land that extends from north to south. It has an area of 34 square kilometers, with a length of only 15 km and a width of 9 while it is one of the smallest inhabited islands of the Aegean Sea. It has mild climate, spotless seas and lacy beaches. The idyllic atmosphere and the excellent services make it a great holiday spot.
The island of "Apocalypse" or "Jerusalem of the Aegean" is declared in its entirety as a historical site and a landscape of special protection in 1971. In 1981, it was proclaimed "Holy Isle" and in 1999 it was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. (UNESCO)
In antiquity, it was known as Letois, a name due to the goddess Artemis, the daughter of Litus, who was worshiped by the inhabitants of Patmos and its sanctuary was located in the current position of the Monastery of St. John the Theologian.
Throughout its history, Patmos did not cease to have a close relationship with faith, resulting in the display of a multitude of cult monuments of various periods.
In Kastelli, west of Skala, there is the Acropolis on a natural fortified hill and is the most important ancient monument of the island and dates back to the 4th century BC.
During the Byzantine period (and especially during the 7th – 8th centuries) Arab raids became the cause of desertion of the island.
The island became particularly important and developed during the Middle Byzantine years when, in 1088, Saint Christodoulos the Latrine founded the Monastery of St. John the Theologian. The occasion for the establishment of the Monastery and the principle of monasticism in Patmos is the arrival of St. John the Theologian in 95 AD, who was exiled here for 2 years and during this time he wrote the Book of revelation in the homonymous cave.
The foundation of the Patmias ecclesiastical school in 1713 fueled the Christian world in great spiritual forms.
In the more recent years, during the Greek Independence War, Patmos is referred to as the second island after Spetses that rose against the Ottoman Empire although it remained in its possession until 1912.
From 1912 to 1943, the island passed into the sovereignty of Italy and then to 1947 in the United Kingdom. With the Treaty of Paris in 1947, the union with Greece took place on 7 March.
Holy Monastery of St. John the Theologian
Built on the top of Chora, the Monastery dominates all over the island and resembles a Byzantine castle. Archaeological finds testify that it was built at the site of the ancient temple of Artemis and an Early Christian basilica. It is surrounded by an irregular rectangular defense enclosure dated from the end of the 11th century until the 17th century, while from the Byzantine period the Katholikon, the bank and the cells are preserved. Inside, the visitor can admire the museum as well as places of religious and everyday life.
Sacred Cave of Revelation
Located on the hill between Skala and Chora, the Sacred Cave of Revelation is one of the reference points not only of Patmos, but of Christianity worldwide. This cave was the sanctuary of the beloved disciple of Jesus Christ, Saint John in 95 AD. ,
Today, the Sacred Cave of Apocalypse has been formed into a worship place, where the pilgrim is given the opportunity to see the place where the Revelation was written, to touch the triple cleft on the rock, to process the point where the Evangelist was resting, touch the pits on the cliff which he was grabbing to get up and the natural alter on the rock where his student Prohorus was writing what was dictated to him during the vision.
The cave of Apocalypse is a place of worship where the pilgrim can be initiated into its beauty and awe through silence, touch, prayer and insight, as with his eyes he can enjoy the feeling created by the image of this majestic sacred Cave.
Settlement of Chora (Medieval Settlement)
The architecture of the island was largely determined by the existence of the Monastery of St. John the Theologian.
The historic core of Patmos Town, which consists of the Alotina district, to the west of the Monastery, which was created after the Fall of Constantinople, of the "Cretan" neighborhood around the square of Agialevia, which was created after the fall of Candia (1669) from Cretan refugees, of the "Aporthiana" neighborhood that was built around the middle of the 18th century, as well as from the rich two-storey houses of new captains on the northern edge of the settlement on the cliff facing Skala.
Its picturesque alleys, its magnificent architecture and the majestic atmosphere offer the visitor pictures of true beauty. Within the settlement there are restaurants, cafes and bars, ideal for relaxation and fun.
Holy Monastery of Zoodochos Pigi
The women's monastery "Zoodochos Pigi" is located southwest of the Monastery of St. John the Theologian in Chora and was founded in 1607 by the Abbot of the Monastery of St. John the Theologian, Parthenios Pagostas, who dedicated it to Panagia(Virgin Mary) Zoodochos Pigi and Saint John the Theologian.
A small museum with sacred vessels of the Monastery was inaugurated in 2007. The monastery is celebrated on Easter Friday.
Monastery of Livadi Kalogiroi
The hermitage of Partheniou is one of the best known and best preserved on the island of Patmos, founded in 1798. The small valley in which the hermitage is located is in the northern part of the island, surrounded by mountains, while the surrounding islands are visible in the background. The place remains almost unchanged in time, making it one of the most picturesque places on the island.
Monastery of Annunciation or Evangelismos
The Holy Monastery of Evangelismos, the largest nunnery of the island, is located in the southwestern part of the island and has a magnificent view of the bay of Kipi, since it is built on the edge of the rock. It dates back to 1613.
Today the monastery is inhabited by nuns. Their main activity is embroidery with the notorious traditional stitch of patmians, which has been preserved since the Byzantine era. Other occupations include Gardening and Beekeeping, while the Monastery is engaged in great charitable activity.
The Holy Church of St. John the Theologian is located in Skala near the harbor beach and next to it there are the ruins of the buildings, which were used as a "baptistery" in the early Christian era. The church of Agios Ioannis is united with its chapel dedicated to Saint Polycarp.
The three windmills, owned by the Monastery, built in 1588, are built to the east of the Holy Monastery of Patmos, at the top of a hill overlooking the sea. In 2010, the rehabilitation works were completed and the first mill is reopened as a flour mill, with the ultimate goal of offering its visitors the experience of traditional flour production technology. They are a jewel of the island, which was awarded by Europa Nostra.
Nikolaides Mansion (museum)
The mansion "Nikolaidis", named by the last owner Pothitos Nikolaidis, is located in the Cretan district. It is an autonomous rural complex built in the 16th century, outside the boundaries of the settlement's core.
The Ministry of Culture, in 2007, completed the restoration work and now it functions as a museum and venue for events, exhibitions, speeches or simply as a sample of the traditional architecture that the visitor can see and observe.
Stavrakas House
The Stavrakas residence was built at the end of the 17th century on the northern side of Chora, just below the walls.
It was restored by the Society of Patmian Culture (EPAP) and today it functions as an international center of environment and culture.
Simanteri Mansion
The Simanteri Mansion was built in 1625 by Smyrnian artisans and it is a typical two-storey mansion. It is located next to the famous Zoodochos Pigi Monastery and operates as a folk museum.
Its interiors include furniture, paintings, family heirlooms (mainly from Odessa) and a rare iconostasis with Russian style paintings of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries. The tour is being held by its eighth generation owner, Mrs. Morfousa Simantri.
Archaeological site of Kastelli
The archaeological site of Kastelli, west of the village of Skala, is located at the highest hill in the area. The ruins of the ancient acropolis are found there, a fortress of the 4th-century with unobstructed views of Cyclades, the northern part of the Dodecanese and Miletus.
Kastelli is accessible via a marked path.
Settlement of Skala
The settlement of Skala is the port of the island. The most populated settlement of the island hosts public services and has the largest market.
It is a new settlement developed in the 17th-18th century when the raids of the Saracens pirates ceased and peace was restored in the Aegean. A remarkable monument is the Italian government building from 1932.
In the picturesque alleys you can see beautiful and well-preserved mansions while a variety of restaurants, cafes and bars offer options for all tastes.
Rock of "Kallikatsou"
The rock of Kallikatsou is a volcanic rock from the time of volcanic activity in the area (four million years ago) named after a sea-cormorant-like seabird. It is a wetland of special natural beauty and archaeological site.
Over the centuries, from antiquity to the age of Christianity, it was used as a place of worship. The carved stairs, the cave, the artificial cavities and niches for the placement of votive offerings and the water reservoirs are all elements that would be necessary for the ancient rituals. The elements of the ancient sanctuary changed their use with the establishment of Christianity when it became a hermitage and the monks used the existing spaces as places of reclusion until the 14th century AD.
Points with great views
Ancient Acropolis of Kastelli
Mount of Prophet Elias
Agios Dimitrios (Vagia)
Kavouras turning (on the way to Kambos)
The coastline of Patmos offers an impressive variety of coasts, bays, harbours, capes, coves and rocks with strange shapes. Like beads on a rosary, beaches succeed one another, each with its own characteristics. Those accessible by road and vehicle are the following:
Agrio Livadi (or Agriolivado)
Agrio Livadi is an organised, sandy beach with trees, taverns, beach bar, youthful atmosphere and water sports. It is located 4km northeast of Skala (35-40 minutes on foot) and it is famous for its clean – relatively shallow – waters.
You can enjoy the sight of the isle of St. Thecla, with the church that gave its name to the isle, and there is also a beach that you can row to reach it.
Agios Theologos
Agios Theologos is the beach in the bay of Skala, which leads to Baftistiri of St. John the Theologian. It is not an organized beach, but the trees along its coastline create a place with shade, while in a short distance there are cafes, taverns, restaurants and the municipal park. The two factors that make this beach very popular are easy access and nearby amenities.
As its name suggests (salt lakes in greek), in this region there were the old salt lakes of the Monastery of Patmos. It is located at the northern end of the bay of Stavros, that is located southwest of the island.
Apollou
With view the sea of Arki, this small rocky beach is located on the eastern and northern part of the island, near the small church of Apollou (or Apollo).
Aspri
In a short distance from Skala, before reaching Meloi, there is the beach Aspri with sand and small pebbles. A small isolated cove with view of the Monastery of Patmos, it has trees for shade and a fish-restaurant at one end.
Vagia
The pebbled Vagia, on the northeastern part of the island and in a short distance from Campos (1 km. from the bus stop) and 7 km. from Skala, is one of the quietest beaches of the island, with few trees along the coast that offer shade and crystal blue waters. At the top of the bay there is a café that offers cold dishes and desserts.
Geranos (or Livadi tou Geranou)
One of the quieter beaches, yet the most beloved by foreign tourists, the pebbled beach of Geranos with turquoise, crystal clear water is located in the northeastern part of the island and is protected from summer winds. Gereanos beach offers no sunbeds, just shade from the trees and as it is across the small island of St. George with its church, it creates an idyllic landscape and a target to swim at. At its one end there is a small tavern.
The bay of Grikos has a beautiful beach, which resembles a lake, with fine gravel and sand. It is surrounded by two small peninsulas and is protected from the open sea with the island Tragonisi. It offers space for mooring yachts, a fact that gives a cosmopolitan atmosphere. An impressive feature of the landscape is the view to the "stone of Kalikatsou ', a big rock connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land and which can be approached by walking along the beach.
Grikos is about 4.5 km. from Skala (to which it is connected by bus) and it is easily reachable by following the road the road parallel to the coast. The beach has a few trees and loungers, and you can also find small picturesque taverns along the coast.
The International Organisation "The most beautiful bays in the world" has ranked the bay of Grikos among the world's most beautiful bays.
The beach of Diakofti is located southeast of Skala, at the narrowest part of the island (just 200m.), in a beautiful landscape. It is a pebbled beach which at one of its ends has a large private dock, where there is a traditional maritime restaurant with local dishes. This point of the island is well known because the path to Psili Ammos starts there.
Kampos
In the northeastern part of the island, the beach of Kampos is the most organized and crowded beach of the island. With sand and small pebbles, it has purely blue and shallow waters and facilities for water sports and a trainer. In the surrounding area there are taverns, cafés, bars, and rooms to let. The area is accessible with the regular transportation of the island.
Lampi is a beautiful beach with crystal clear waters in the northeast part of the island that is famous for its colorful pebbles. People admired these pebbles so much that started collecting them and extinguishing them and therefore now it is prohibited to collect them! The name of the beach comes from the shimmer of the sun on the pebbles and the sea. Equally colorful and interestingly shaped by erosion are the rocks to the right of the beach.
Lampi is 9.5km from Skala, it is accessed by car (motorbike or taxi) and has umbrellas and sunbeds, cafes and restaurant that offer traditional delights of the island.
Leukes
In the bay carrying the same name, west of the island, the beach Leukes is among the least known beaches and therefore it is ideal for those who want to avoid the crowds. The sea, however, is often choppy, as the open sea offers no protection from the wind. The road leading to it (asphalt in the beginning and after a point gravel road that continues to the beach) crosses a characteristic rural landscape of Patmos. In the beach you can find a beach canteen.
Ligginou (or Didimes)
In a short distance from Vagia, following a stone path (a walk of about 15 minutes), there are two consecutive coves, one slightly larger than the other, but in other respects identical (this is why it was called "Didimes" – Twins), creating a beautiful landscape between the two headlands. Both beaches are covered with small pebbles and sand and have crystal clear blue waters.
Meloi
A picturesque bay, Meloi (or Melogi) got its name from the sweetness of the figs and melons of the surrounding area. It is located within a short distance (1.5 km or 15 minutes walk) from the north side of Skala. It has a sandy beach with trees along its coast and a small tavern at one of its ends.
Petra beach is located by the narrow strip of land that connects the "rock of Kalikatsou" to the mainland. It is an organized beach with large white pebbles both in the sea and on shore and crystal blue waters. Its famous Rock was, until the 14th century a hermitage and there are up until this day carved steps and a water tank, while the view offered from the top is unforgettable. The beach is organized, and visitors can try several water sports. In Petra there is a canteen and near the beach there are taverns offering traditional dishes.
Sapsila
Small sandy beach, located in the southeast of Patmos between Skala and Grikos. Access is possible through path that crosses the homonymous small, verdant village.
Psili Ammos
It is considered as one of the most beautiful beaches of the island and, as its name suggests, has fine, golden sand – and turquoise waters, a fact that gives it an exotic beauty. Access is possible either by boat (a journey of about 45 minutes – there are boats that travel every day from Skala to Psili Ammos), or on foot by following the path from Diakofti (half-hour hiking). The relatively few trees form a shaded area. In the summer months operates a tavern.
Source: http://www.patmos.gr
Patmos all year round!
Patmos is an island that will fascinate you with what you see. Cosmopolitan in the summer and atmospheric in winter can satisfy all tastes. This magical aura that flows all year round in combination with the various activities and cultural events will make your stay unforgettable!
Throughout the summer, there are various cultural events. You can get informed from the Patmos Cultural Center www.facebook.com/patmosculturalcenter
Festival of Religious Music www.patmosfestival.gr
Festival of Traditional Dances and Music
International Film Festival www.iffp.gr
Festival of taste and tradition
International photography festival
International painting festival
Hiking – A mapped and marked trail network
Feasts or Panigiria
Daily excursions to nearby islands
Police Station…………………………………………………………………………… 2247031303
Hospital…………………………………………………………………………………… 2247031211
Pharmacy A……………………………………………………………………………… 2247031650
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Tourist office ……………………………………………………………………………. 2247031666
Port Police ………………………………………………………………………………. 2247031231
Apollon travel…………………………………………………………………………… 2247031819
Astoria travel……………………………………………………………………………. 2247031205
Rental Room Association…………………………………………………………… 2247031541
Hotel Association of Patmos………………………………………………………. 2247031529
Municipality of Patmos………………………………………………………………. 2247031235
Monastery of St. John……………………………………………………………….. 2247020800
Monastery of Evagelismos…………………………………………………………. 2247031276
Holly cave of Apocalypse…………………………………………………………… 2247031234
Post office ………………………………………………………………………………. 2247031316
Customs………………………………………………………………………………….. 2247031312
National Bank of Greece……………………………………………………………. 2247034040
Alpha Bank ……………………………………………………………………………… 2247034140
Pharmacy B 2247031500
Tourist office 2247031666
Port Police 2247031231
Astoria travel 2247031205
Hotel Association of Patmos 2247031529
Municipality of Patmos 2247031235
Monastery of St. John 2247020800
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Post office 2247031316
Customs 2247031312
National Bank of Greece 2247034040
Alpha Bank 2247034140
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