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The Sioux Nation, South Dakota, and Five Presidents
Amidst coronavirus and Black Lives Matter, President Trump has done what the news media and the public couldn't seem to get to—bring attention to American Indians. Concocting something with the Republican governor of South Dakota, Trump is engineered a Fourth of July celebration at Mount Rushmore, site of the mountain carvings of presidents Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Teddy Roosevelt. There's been a ten-year lapse since the last such celebration due to forest fire danger—but not this year.
The mountain carvings were completed in 1941 on land that had been left to the Sioux twice with treaties in the 19th century. In a familiar series of events, gold was found, miners rushed in, and Custer galumphed in to "make it safe" for the white invaders. The mountain had been sacred to the Sioux before the carving, before Custer.
Trump didn't check with the Indians before planning the extravaganza. Sioux President Julian Bear Runner said that Mr. Trump's attendance is "an insult to Native Americans on whose stolen land it was built… lands on which that mountain is carved and the lands he's about to visit belong to the Great Sioux nation, and I have to tell him he doesn't have permission from its original sovereign owners to enter the territory at this time." He also cited health concerns, important, as Governor Kristi Noem confirmed that attendees are not required to practice social distancing or wear masks.
It had never occurred to me—and we visited often when I was young—that the presidents on Rushmore are all an insult to the Sioux:
Washington did want to treat "justly" with Indians, but he also wanted their land, by sale and treaty if possible, war if not.
Jefferson's vision for America was sea to shining sea with white yeoman farmers, settlers who would replace the savages; in the Declaration of Independence he wrote of "the merciless Indian Savages, whose known Rule of Warfare, is an undistinguished Destruction, of all Ages, Sexes and Conditions."
Lincoln signed the Homestead Act of 1862, giving an easy path for white settlers to take Indian lands. And he hung 38 Sioux at Mankato, Minnesota in the same year. The Indians had balked at reduced lands and broken promises.
Teddy Roosevelt apparently softened towards Indian in the end, but didn't think them equal. And told photographer Edward Sheriff Curtis, who had learned the true story, that the real story of Custer should not reach the American public; Custer must remain a hero.
Trump stands tall among them.
by Rich WandschneiderJefferson, Kristi Noem, Lincoln, Mt. Rushmore, President Trump, Sioux, South Dakota, T. Roosevelt, Washington
Indians Matter
Dams and People


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Giovanni da Verrazzano
Italian explorer of North America for France
The English used in this article may not be easy for everybody to understand. You can help Wikipedia by reading Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages, then simplifying the article. (July 2019)
Map of 1524 voyage
Giovanni da Verrazzano (1485 – 1528) was a Florentine explorer of North America.[1][2] He is known for being the first European since the Norse colonization of the Americas around 1000 to explore the east coast of North America between South and North Carolina and Newfoundland, including New York Harbor and Narragansett Bay in 1524.[3] The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is named for him.[4]
He was chosen in 1524 by the King of France to search for a "Northwest Passage" to Asia through North America. He left in the January of 1524, and reached Cape Fear in North Carolina on March 1, 1524. He then proceeded north to explore the coastline, and believed that he had seen the Pacific Ocean (he explored North Carolina coast on the other side of a narrow piece of land). He actually discovered the Pamlico Sound, which is part of the Atlantic Ocean. Verrazzano's mistake meant that incorrect maps were printed in Europe. These maps showed North America as split into two parts, connected by a narrow strip of land. This error took over a century to correct.
Verrazzano discovered New York Harbor, Block Island and Narragansett bay while exploring the Atlantic coast of North America. However, he missed some important discoveries because he often anchored far off-shore. He sailed further north to Maine and Newfoundland, and then returned to France with his discoveries. He made two more trips to the Americas after that.
There are conflicting reports on how he died. One version says he was killed and eaten by natives on Guadalupe Island. Another says he was executed for piracy in Spain. New York Harbor's Verrazano Narrows Bridge commemorates this journey and his discoveries.
↑ "Giovanni da Verrazzano | Italian navigator". Britannica.com.
↑ di Sergio Parmentola. "Verrazzano, Giovanni da in "Enciclopedia dei ragazzi"". Treccani.it.
↑ Greene, George Washington (1837). The Life and Voyages of Verrazzano. Cambridge University: Folsom, Wells, and Thurston. p. 13 – via Google Books.
↑ "Verrazano It Is, in Bridge's Name; Governor Signs Disputed Designation Into Law". The New York Times. March 10, 1960.
Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_da_Verrazzano&oldid=6744137"

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Home » Celebrities » Comments » Popular Articles » Long Lives the Queen!
How many American Presidents can you name with our Queen?
No, I'm not going to tell you, so there's no point in scrolling down to the bottom!


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Rebuilding Oyster Reefs
with Tim Dillingham of the American Littoral Society
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2019/8/15/NJ190814-6
Jill Horner speaks with Tim Dillingham, Executive Director from the American Littoral Society, about Rebuilding Oyster Reefs. Interview recorded 8/14/2019.
Hosted by: Jill Horner Produced by: Freedom Newsmakers Team
#New Jersey #Community #General Interest #Local
Other videos hosted by Jill Horner
Breaking Down Barriers for Individuals with Special Needs
Breaking Down Barriers for Individuals with Special Needs - 6:40
Yasmin Nielsen, Director of Advancement, for Easterseals New Jersey, discusses the barriers that Individuals with disabilities often experience when pursuing their goals, but with the help of a new Easterseals campaign they are facing those barriers head on so they can "Get to the Other Side". Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Yasmin-Nielsen
Impact of COVID on Services for Sexual Assault Survivors
Impact of COVID on Services for Sexual Assault Survivors - 7:20
Patricia Teffenhart, New Jersey Coalition Against Sexual Assault, explains how New Jersey's sexual violence programs continue to operate during the pandemic, but have changed the way they deliver services due to COVID-19. Patricia also shares what these changes mean in working to support survivors. Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Patricia-Teffenhart
The Impact of COVID on the Latino Community
The Impact of COVID on the Latino Community - 8:07
Nelly Jimenez, Executive Director & CEO, ACLAMO Family Centers, discusses how Latinos face disproportionately high COVID-19 mortality rates compared to whites, and also how the pandemic has had a devastating impact on the economic well-being of Latino families. Nelly, also discusses her organization's expanded work to assist Latino families during the pandemic. Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Nelly-Jimenez
Girl Scouts Networking Virtually in 2021
Girl Scouts Networking Virtually in 2021 - 6:33
Ginny Hill, CEO, Girl Scouts of Central & Southern New Jersey discusses how an all-girl environment can help girls to be more confident and courageous. Ginny also explains how their programs, both virtual and in person, prepare girls for leadership in life. Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Ginny-Hill
Achieving the Dream of Homeownership
Achieving the Dream of Homeownership - 6:41
Danny Sulpizio, Board President, Gloucester County Habitat for Humanity, explains how their program helps families achieve the dream of homeownership in one of the most expensive housing markets in the country. Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Danny-Sulpizio
The Prevalence of Child Abuse during the Pandemic
The Prevalence of Child Abuse during the Pandemic - 6:30
Abbie Newman, CEO of Mission Kids Child Advocacy Center, explains that the social isolation caused by the pandemic can put children at risk for at-home abuse, and that a lack of reporting does not mean the prevalence of child abuse has decreased. Recorded January 6, 2021.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2021/1/12/Abbie-Newman
Affordability of New Jersey
Affordability of New Jersey - 3:58
Jill Horner speaks with Assemblyman Jon Bramnick, from the NJ General Assembly, about the Affordability of New Jersey. Interview recorded 1/29/2020.
Strawbridge Lake Projects
Strawbridge Lake Projects - 3:22
Jill Horner speaks with Nicole Gillespie, Mayor from Moorestown Township, about the Strawbridge Lake Projects. Interview recorded 3/10/2020.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2020/3/13/NJ200310-11
Tax Cut Caucas
Tax Cut Caucas - 3:57
Jill Horner speaks with Assemblyman Christopher DePhillips, from the NJ General Assembly, about theTax Cut Caucas. Interview recorded 1/29/2020.
Girls Inc Inspiring Girls
Girls Inc Inspiring Girls - 5:50
Cherice Arrington, Associate Director of Programs & Advocacy for Girls, Inc. of Greater Philadelphia and Southern New Jerseyhttp://girlsincpa-nj.org/, talks about how they work closely on the development of young girls through virtual programs and opportunities. Recorded October 14, 2020.
https://comcastnewsmakers.com/Videos/2020/10/21/Girls-Inc-Inspiring-Girls


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E-Cigarettes in Pregnancy Mistakenly Believed to Be Safer Than Smoking, Study Finds
by Catherine Donaldson-Evans
By now, we know that smoking cigarettes during pregnancy comes with serious risks for both mother and unborn baby. But a new study shows that a number of people think using e-cigarettes during pregnancy is better for you than smoking, even though that's not necessarily the case.
About 11 percent of the adults who participated in the study believe that e-cigarette use during pregnancy is safer for moms-to-be and their babies than smoking, the research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found.
That's concerning because while information on electronic cigarettes' effects on pregnant moms and fetuses is still limited, what is known suggests the habit isn't safe during pregnancy.
READ MORE: Are E-Cigarettes & Vaping Safe for Pregnant Women?
What did the research show?
The CDC analyzed data from a 2015 series of national consumer surveys called Styles completed by 4,127 people age 18 and older. They measured the perception of how harmful e-cigarette use is during pregnancy by asking participants the question: "Do you believe it is less harmful, equally harmful, or more harmful for pregnant women to use electronic vapor products than to smoke regular cigarettes?"
Among all the adult respondents, 11.1 percent answered that vaping during pregnancy was less harmful than smoking cigarettes. Another 51 percent answered that e-cigarettes are equally harmful as regular cigarettes for pregnant women, 11.6 percent believed they were more harmful and 26.2 percent said they didn't know.
What should expectant moms know about e-cigarette use during pregnancy?
Though existing research suggests that e-cigarettes' nicotine-based aerosol contains fewer dangerous chemicals than regular cigarette smoke does, vaping still isn't considered safe in pregnancy, and there's a lot that's not yet known about its effects on moms-to-be and their babies. Pregnant women who are smokers might understandably think a better, healthier alternative is switching to e-cigarettes while they're expecting. But vaping may carry risks to fetuses in utero too.
While e-cigarettes contain far fewer toxic and potentially cancer-causing chemicals than the roughly 7,000 in tobacco smoke, they still emit a vapor of nicotine and other chemicals that, when heated at a high voltage, may create new chemicals like formaldehyde that have been linked to cancer, studies have shown.
Plus, e-cigarettes aren't regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which issued a report warning that the amount of nicotine listed on the label may not be an accurate portrayal of what's inside the products. E-cigarettes are also still too new to be able to gauge their long-term effects.
For all those reasons, major pediatricians' groups like the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have warned that they may be dangerous to use around children, and OB/GYN organizations like the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) say pregnant moms should avoid using any nicotine or tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, since they all expose your baby to nicotine. Risks associated with nicotine and smoking cigarettes (that may also apply to vaping) include: miscarriage, preterm labor, stillbirth, low birth weight, adverse brain and lung development in babies, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), among others.
If you've already used e-cigarettes while you're pregnant, however, don't stress too much. Just do your best to stop vaping going forward and talk to your practitioner about any concerns or questions you might have as well as suggestions for how to kick the habit in other ways.


To plan or not to plan, is NOT the question. We all plan. We plan vacations. We plan what we wear. We plan date nights. We plan out our carpooling schedules! SOME plan more than others. How we plan might look different but it happens.
Planning is an important aspect of many different activities in which we take part on a regular basis. My family believes that eating dinner together on a daily (or as close as we can) basis is important. We enjoy each other's company, share events from our day and laugh together. We learn about and from one another. If we did not plan (set time in our schedules) to eat together daily, it would not happen. If we did not plan our meals (so that there is variety and some favorites), it would not be enjoyable because inevitably some would complain. If we did not plan a weekly grocery shopping trip (to gather all ingredients to have on hand), it would be stressful and last minute. If we didn't have a routine of sharing, our conversations would not be as open, for fear of judgement. IF we didn't plan, family dinner would not happen!
Planning is critical for success in all areas of life. I am an avid runner. I truly enjoy getting out on the trails! I work hard to be stronger and faster. I can't just go out and run though! I have to do some extensive planning in order to be able to run 30+ miles per week and not get myself injured. I had to research training plans (not to much to soon), decide on what equipment suites my needs (shoes – support is critical, socks, clothing, reflective gear, GPS watch, headlamp – for the early morning jaunts!), get enough sleep (not enough sleep = rundown, weak immune system), eat well (balanced nutrition provides energy) and schedule the actual runs (the BEST part). This is not an easy task, but I do it because I LOVE to run. Running gives me some time to myself to reflect, think and clear my mind. When I don't run it feels like I missed out on something. I even track my progress so that I can see my improvements!
Those are just two examples indicating the importance of planning. Some of this planning can be done in isolation, but to sharing the task is much more effective! To plan for our dinners we brainstorm meal ideas together, create a shared shopping list on Google Keep, and prep the meals together. The kids set the table, the parents prepare the food and everyone is responsible for clearing the table. Okay, so that only happens in a perfect world, but we are working towards this utopia, but we know why we plan our dinners.
I used to plan my running in isolation. THEN I GOT INJURED. I sought out friends, fellow runners and experts through Google, Facebook, Twitter and Voxer to get advice. At the time, I did not realize that I was building a tribe whom I could tap into whenever I had questions. The funny thing is I don't even remember what it was like to not have people to bounce ideas off of! I know why I plan my running.
I know that planning is important.
I can see how collaborative planning can be highly effective.
So, how do these lessons apply to the classroom? Why did I plan my lessons?
I planned my lessons so that I would have a well thought out idea of how the lesson should go. I planned lessons so I could think through possible misconceptions or points of clarification. I planned lessons so that I wouldn't forget anything. Plans provided me a jumping off point, a place to start. Where we ended depended upon the group, the day, sometimes the weather! I needed that jumping off point because if I didn't know where were going, how would the kids?
Is planning lessons what is best for our kids? Might it open our eyes to new possibilities? Is this process one way to model what we are asking our students to do?
Why else do we plan? For ourselves? For our kids? For our sanity?
So much has happened in 2016. From finessing our co-teaching program to team attendance at all professional development opportunities, I have seen the power of a team in action. I cannot think of a better way to help a team grow together than providing common experiences! 2016 was a year focused on relationship building because relationships matter. Everything else will fall into place IF we take the time to let our students know that we care about them. And who can forget about the schedule change we lived through? I am so proud of all of the feats we have accomplished in 2016 at Milton Middle School and I want to share with you some of the highlights!
In the fall of 2015 our special education department adopted and committed to a co-teaching model. It was in 2016 that the teams hit their stride and started to shine. As you know change can be difficult, but with the right supports in place we can ease into it. The purpose of moving to a co-teaching model with one special education teacher and one regular education teacher leading the class was so we could have more special education students with their same aged peers in classes throughout the day and it would also allow us an opportunity to explore new teaching methods not possible with only one teacher. As a team we committed to scheduling teams with daily common planning time, quarterly release time to dig into their data and plan together, as well as coaching support from administration, including our student services director! All I can say is this dedicated team should be extremely proud of themselves as they are closing the gap between our regular and special education students and learning from one another in the process! Each member of this team has a voice at the table, which is what has made this process so valuable.
Scheduling at the middle level can be challenging especially when you have shared staff and are busting at the seams in our building. So, we added 10 minutes to our school day, effectively lengthening our advisory time. We then developed a team who collaboratively came to the conclusion that advisory was going to look very different in the fall of 2016. The team met multiple times in the spring of 2016 to determine that advisory would not only be for character education, but also for intervention, a universal "Red Hawk" Time curriculum, and extension activities. The Red Hawk Time priorities were set and volunteers sought to participate in summer curriculum writing. Teams of 2-3 teachers developed the curriculum and rolled it out to staff in August. We are living it and tracking of suggestions for improvements that will be made this coming summer. Overall both staff and students appreciate the changes that were made in a short time! Reflecting upon the process, although it felt a bit rushed at the time; the process was worth the struggle. I may have gotten the ball rolling, but never did I imagine the product that we created together!
2016 was a year of teams attending conferences together. No single teacher went to a conference alone. Teams of two to ten teachers, depending upon the conference, attended various opportunities to further their understanding of the importance of literacy. Our Social Studies department was able to work close to home and participate in a two part conference provided by our CESA, a branch of our state education agency; while our Science team and a handful of our English department learned from teachers at Doug Fisher and Nancy Frey's Health Sciences High and Middle College in California. Talk about an inspiring look at how another school does business. This fall our Building Leadership Team embarked in a four part workshop series called Working on the Work to help us hone our leadership skills! We have completed two of the four sessions and each time I see our team grow stronger and think deeper about our beliefs as a building staff. Our entire 10 member English team was blessed with an opportunity to learn from Donalyn Miller (for a whole day!). The energy was palpable throughout the day as the team reflected upon their practices. They went from 10 individuals to 10 members of a team moving in the same direction. I cannot tell you how strongly I believe in the power of the team! This year I have learned to value opportunities to learn together, rather than sending one to try and share their experience.
As I wrap up this reflection, I could not publish this post without reflecting upon our renewed commitment to our building goals this year. As a staff we knew that the focus needed to be on relationships and that is what we are living! Although building relationships had been on of last year's written goals; we were not actively pursuing it. It wasn't until this school year that we started to challenge one another to move past the status quo and ask each other questions to be sure that we are doing what is best for our kids. We felt the importance of these relationships when members of our Milton "family" took some hits this year, losing family members, as well as a, former student but we leaned on one another through the pain. Staff are talking about kids differently as we learn how to create trauma sensitive classrooms and get to know our kids. Staff have also opened up to students, modeling vulnerability, while students follow suit. This positive momentum is very exciting and I look forward to what is to come!
What do all of these experiences have in common? None of them would have happened without a team. I cannot put into words how much I value the members of my team. Nothing I have ever accomplished was done without the support of a team. My family team, my work team, my Professional Learning Network including #momsasprincipals and #principalsinaction have all inspired me to try things that I never would have imagined I could!
This year I was inspired to lead a 12 Days before winter break for my staff by many of the great leaders I am connected to on Twitter and Voxer. I spent weeks gathering ideas before landing on the sequence you will find below. I spent hours preparing for the various tasks that required assembly or setup. It was a labor of love.
Why did I take the time to plan and carry out these 12 Days of Christmas? Because I was able. Because I want my staff to know how important they are. Because we need a little joy during this stressful time of year! I shared out the ideas on the Friday before the week began through our weekly staff bulletin and I have to say it was a success! If you ever feel the need to lighten the load for your staff an event like this is truly worth it.
Reflecting on this process, in an effort to learn from the experience, I know that the staff really enjoyed the "spirit days" where they could wear jeans. The best part about that is it is free! The coffee, tea, hot cocoa bar was a HUGE hit, especially since it happened to fall on a frigid morning that forced us to have a late start! Ugly Sweater Day was full of smiles and I am going to add a competitive edge to it next year (thanks to @GustafsonBrad). However, when the dust cleared and everyone left for their break my favorite day was handing out the thank you notes. I connected with each of my staff members, the half that I wrote the notes too, and personally thanked them as well as wished each of them a Merry Christmas. People came back to me throughout the day thanking me for taking the time to write such meaningful notes. Each was personal and took some time, but it was well worth it. My bucket if full going into this winter break and I believe my staff's buckets are full too!


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The jewel of the Adriatic Sea, Croatia is home to more than 1,200 islands, but travel between them has long been dictated by expensive yacht charters and sluggish public ferries. In 2018, that's set to change, now that UberBOAT, from the popular ride-sharing app, has launched on-demand transfers and private tours along the Dalmatian Coast. Hit the high seas in the direction of Šolta, a hilly isle a mere nine nautical miles from Split (the second-largest city in Croatia).
It's no secret that Fiji is home to some of the world's most spectacular scenery — powdery beaches fringed with palms, crystalline waters with colorful reefs, and rugged coastlines covered in greenery. But the islands' new crop of luxury accommodations is making a case for the archipelago's man-made phenomena as well. At the exclusive, family-owned Kokomo Private Island Resort, which is spread across 140 acres of dense tropical rain forest and white-sand beaches, guests will have their pick of 21 beach villas (among the most spacious in Fiji) and four hilltop residences featuring infinity pools and walled tropical gardens. If you're a diver, you're in luck: the Great Astrolabe Reef, which is teeming with kaleidoscopic corals and exotic marine life (like reef sharks, rays, and dolphinfish), is in the resort's backyard. The luxury ante will only be upped in March when a Six Senses debuts on Malolo Island. Set on a private beach, the boutique property will offer the brand's namesake spa and wellness offerings (including yoga, meditation, and nutrition and sleep counseling), plus a restaurant with ingredients sourced from the resort garden. Also slated to open in 2018: Nihi Fiji, from hotelier James McBride and Christopher Burch — the same duo behind Nihi Sumba Island, which Travel + Leisure readers named the best hotel in the world for 2017. —Melanie Lieberman
Move over, Croatia. Long overshadowed by its neighbor to the northwest, Montenegro is ready for the spotlight. The ancient city of Kotor is already attracting plenty of visitors, like the celebrities vacationing at luxurious boutique hotel Forza Terra, just outside the medieval walls, not to mention the hundreds of thousands of cruisers who've arrived with companies like Viking, Celebrity, and Princess. The swank marina Porto Montenegro is thriving in the formerly sleepy coastal town of Tivat, and the complex's Regent hotel unveiled an expansion in 2017. Nearby, luxury development Luštica Bay is slated to open this summer, with plans for villas, a golf course, and a five-star Chedi hotel. Further west on the Bay of Kotor's jagged coastline is the site of the country's most anticipated arrival, the One&Only Portonovi, which will be the brand's first European outpost when it opens this summer. Plans for the resort, situated on a 60-acre site overlooking the Adriatic, include 140 villas and residences, a tennis club, and a spa. —Meredith Bethune
Though decades of civil war made parts of the island unsafe, tourism is on the rise in Sri Lanka, where international visitors exceeded 2 million for the first time in 2016. The momentum is particularly strong along the south coast, which has the highest concentration of hotels and resorts after Colombo. The 172-room Amari resort recently opened on the beachfront in Galle (known for its UNESCO-protected Dutch fortress) with ocean views from every balcony. Water also plays a central role at Alila Koggala, a new luxury eco-resort with 36 suites and private villas, opening 20 minutes outside of Galle in June. The property sits on the serene shores of Lake Koggala and will feature an ayurvedic spa where treatments can be taken on a platform floating on the lake. Further along the south coast, Mirissa Beach is attracting travelers in need of a full mind-body reset. The laid-back surfer town — think Venice Beach minus the tech crowd — comes alive at night with bars and barbecue restaurants overlooking the turquoise bay; when you're ready to turn in, there are earthy, low-key lodges peppered throughout the jungle, such as Surf & Yoga, which offers daily on-site yoga and private surf lessons. —Alex Schechter
A new crop of five-star brands are coming in 2018, including the Zadún, a Ritz-Carlton Reserve, the Four Seasons Los Cabos at Costa Palmas, the Montage Los Cabos, 1 Hotel & Homes, and the first Nobu Hotel in Mexico. Foodies will want to make a reservation at Acre, a restaurant-farm from executive chefs Kevin Luzande and Oscar Torres, who are set to unveil 12 new treehouse guest rooms on site. —Christopher Tkaczyk
^ Jump up to: a b Cuozzo, Steve. "JetBlue Triples Size of its Queens Offices." New York Post. December 24, 2002. Retrieved on January 20, 2010. "74,000 square feet at 118–29 Queens Blvd., also known as Forest Hills Tower" and "Boulevard in Forest Hills – possibly the largest office lease in Queens this year. JetBlue was previously at 80–02 Kew Gardens Rd., across the street."
In September 2009, JetBlue made changes to its TrueBlue program.[132] In the new program, members receive three points for every dollar spent toward a flight, excluding taxes and fees, plus an additional three points for every dollar spent on a flight if booked online directly on the JetBlue.com website. Additional points are awarded if the member uses the Barclay's issued JetBlue Mastercard credit card to purchase the flight. The price of flights in points depend on the fare of the flight in U.S. dollars. The new program launched on November 9, 2009.[133][134]
A new marketing strategy has been partnerships with professional sports teams and venues. As the official airline of the New York Jets, JetBlue has specially painted the exterior of one of their Airbus A320s (N746JB) in the team's colors. Aircraft N605JB is based on the design of the Boston Red Sox road uniform and sports a grey fuselage with navy lettering. This aircraft was unveiled in February 2012, just in time for the opening of the Red Sox new spring training facility in Fort Myers, Florida named JetBlue Park at Fenway South. Additionally, JetBlue and MasterCard have pledged to refund select flight purchases made online at JetBlue.com using a MasterCard.[96] JetBlue has also partnered with various other sports teams and sporting venues in cities they serve.
JetBlue's in-flight options consist of gate-to-gate Fly-Fi service, offering over one hundred channels of DIRECTV, Sirius XM Radio, and movies, and on the Airbus A321, a 15″ interactive video screen which is not available on the rest of the fleet. JetBlue's partnership with Amazon lets customers watch Amazon Prime videos by connecting to Wi-Fi and downloading the Amazon Video app on their mobile phone or tablet. The in-flight WiFi under the "Fly-Fi" network is complimentary on all flights, at speeds of 12–15 megabits per second.
JetBlue Airways Corporation (NASDAQ: JBLU), stylized as jetBlue, is an American low-cost airline headquartered in New York City. A major air carrier and the sixth-largest airline in the United States. JetBlue is headquartered in the Long Island City neighborhood of the New York City borough of Queens, with its main base at John F. Kennedy International Airport. It also maintains corporate offices in Cottonwood Heights, Utah[6][7] and Orlando, Florida.


Maine Aviation | FDS Avionics Corp.
Maine Aviation was founded by brothers Joe and Tom Caruso who, just out of the military after World War II, took the advice of their Uncle Sully and started flying scenic flights in a seaplane from the Hinckley boat dock in Southwest Harbor, Maine, in 1947. By their third year, the brothers had leased the Bar Harbor Airport, finding a permanent home for their aviation business. Then, in 1959, Joe Caruso moved his family to Portland, where he established Maine Aviation Corporation.


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Q: AJAX function inside $.extend not working in jQuery 3 I need to extends jQuery (as a plugin). Problem is, $.ajax is not working inside the $.extend scope but outside the scope it is working fine. I am using jQuery 3.4.1 in my project.
My code:
(function($) {
  jQuery.extend({
    mmw: function(options) {

      var settings = $.extend({
        mtarget: "#cnapp-mmw",
        imgSize: "square",
        imgRestricted: true,
        imgtype: ["gif", "png", "jpg", "jpeg", "pdf"]
      }, options);

      $.ajax({
        type: "GET",
        url: "http://example.com/public/get-media",
        dataType: "html",
        success: function(data) {
          alert(data);
        },
        error: function(e) {
          alert(e); // Showing this as outout [object Object]
        }
      });
    }
  })
})

But this is showing the proper output:
(function($) {

  $.ajax({
    type: "GET",
    url: "http://example.com/public/get-media",
    dataType: "html",
    success: function(data) {
      alert(data); // This is showing the proper output
    },
    error: function(e) {
      alert(e);
    }
  });

  jQuery.extend({
    mmw: function(options) {

      var settings = $.extend({
        mtarget: "#cnapp-mmw",
        imgSize: "square",
        imgRestricted: true,
        imgtype: ["gif", "png", "jpg", "jpeg", "pdf"]
      }, options);
    }
  })
})

What is wrong in my first code? Is there anything different in jQuery 3?
Please note, I need to call this plugin without selector like
    $(".trigger").on('click', function(){
        $.mmw();
    });

Is the $.extend is a must required function to do so? Any advice on the best practice for this would be gratefully received.

UPDATE
After debugging many times I have found that, the AJAX request is not working inside any block or event. I am using this with Codeigniter 4 (beta 4).
This is showing error
    $(".trigger").on('click', function(){
        $.ajax({
            type: "GET",
            url: "http://example.com/public/get-media",
            dataType: "html",
            success: function(data){ alert("Ok"); },
            error: function(e){ alert(JSON.stringify(e)); } // Showing error message {"readyState":0,"status":0,"statusText":"TypeError: Cannot read property 'open' of undefined"}
        });
    });

But this showing the correct data
    $.ajax({
        type: "GET",
        url: "<?=base_url('test/'.session_id())?>",
        dataType: "html",
        success: function(data){ alert(data); }, // Showing the Data
        error: function(e){ alert(JSON.stringify(e)); }
    });

    $(".trigger").on('click', function(){

    });

Means Ajax function is only working outside the scope. Really confused about it.

A: As I am working with CI 4 (beta 4), there was a conflict between above code and the Javascript that has been used by CI 4 for debugging tools. The error is only generated in "development" environment. In "production" environment, everything on working fine.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


People have been eating seeds for hundreds of thousands of years. While our oldest ancestors might have preferred the biggest seeds such as nuts, our more recent ancestors had the idea of taking small seeds and grinding them in order to make them more digestible. Most small seed must be cooked after breaking, which means either making a biscuit or some type of soup. Today, loosely ground seed is used to make instant porridge.
To make porridge, a gain seed such as wheat is loosely ground and then cooked with hot water to produce a cereal similar to oatmeal or cooked rice. When flour was ground in the traditional process, the resulting product had to be sifted and was then set aside as different products. Fine flour would be turned into break, while the coarser product could be cooked like oatmeal.
It was common to sell fine flour to make bread, which was then a more expensive product. It was more common for nobles and richer peasants to eat bread while the coarser product was eaten by less wealthy members of society. For anyone who cracks grain by hand with a home grinder, it is still much easier to make porridge than to grind wheat berries into flour.
Today, flour can be milled using electricity rather than human muscle. Until a hundred years ago, it was still common for country dwellers to grind their own flour. Even in places where windmills were available for grinding, a fee was involved and so people preferred to crack grain seed on their own and save the expense. Porridge is not as attractive as bread, but it is a wholesome way to eat whole grains.
Very few people grind their own grain today because bread is so cheap. Bread that is theoretically whole wheat can be bought for a few dollars. In spite of this, there is a trend to revert to healthier ways of eating. Processed foods such as factory bread tend to be stripped of some of the vitamins. More importantly, they are packed full of preservatives and other chemicals.
Some people have decided to buy coarsely ground grain or else buy packages of whole wheat berries for the sake of grinding their own coarse grain. The benefits of making instant porridge this way is retaining all the vitamins in wheat. The truth is that fresh wheat is loaded with an incredible amount of nutrients that are lost in commercial production processes.
People have stored grain for thousands of years. Dry grain can last for decades and so was treated as a store of food and even as a currency. Whole grain seed are still valued by survival enthusiasts for these qualities. They might keep bags in a supply shed as a food reserve. Since reserves have to be consumed eventually, they are then eaten as a health food.
Cranking a metal grinder by hand tends to be exhausting. Making porridge is simply the fastest way to create an edible food. This is a great idea for health and preparation enthusiasts. For people who want a new way to eat grains, instant porridge might be a novel concept to try.


text:
S Ancher
A Bolot
B Clamp
D Esplin
H Green
RF Irvine
E J Jackson
R Minnett
B Mortlock
H Seidler
A Spain
J Sulman
WL Vernon
JG Verrills
BJ Waterhouse
WH Wilson
JG Verrills and Sons, builders
When James 'Jimmy' Verrills died in 1946, at the age of 83,
he was described as 'one of Sydney's oldest and best known builders'. (Sydney Morning Herald, 5/10/1946)
Jimmy had built more than 300 homes including, reputedly, the first house in Palm Beach on the city's northern most periphery in 1911. He was a long time resident of North Sydney and his name is associated with at least 75 projects in the area. No job, it seems, was too big or too small; so Jimmy built everything from blocks of flats to houses to residential additions, and even a domestic 'tennis pavilion'.
Verrills arrived in Sydney in 1885 as a 22 year old English immigrant from Sussex. That he came with his 21 year old wife, Annie, and their two young daughters suggests an intention to stay and make a new life in the colony. By 1906 the Verrills were living in Sutherland Street, Neutral Bay, and James was described as a carpenter. The following year they moved to No. 2 Reed Street, an address that was closer to Cremorne Point and probably more prestigious. In that house James and Annie raised three daughters and six sons. And there they grew a business called JG Verrills and Sons. Two of the boys, at least, were plumbers. Ernest was apprenticed to his father and John may also have learned his trade in the family business.
The Great War (1914-1919) brought hardship and suffering to the Verrill family, as it did to many Australian homes. Ernest joined up in 1915 and his brother John followed in 1917. Ernest was killed in action in October that year.
Jimmy worked throughout the war despite the absence of these two sons, but probably with the help of his other boys and perhaps his daughters. Much of the work was very local, in and around Cremorne Point. The years 1915 to 1919, when John returned from war, must have been busy for the name Verrill appears frequently in the North Sydney Council Building Application Files as the builder of several houses, and even a block of flats, in Milson Road, Rangers Road, and Spofforth Street.
Sometimes corners were cut. James was fined on at least two occasions, in 1911 and 1917, for erecting buildings that did not accord with the plans submitted to Council. The infringements were evidence, perhaps, of the pressure of work but certainly of the regulatory role of Council that followed the 1906 Local Government Act.
A growing local population and the promise of a Harbour Bridge in the 1920s led to urban consolidation around North Sydney. With that came blocks of flats and the conversion of existing large family dwellings into flats. The Verrills took on many of those jobs. 'Ardmore' at 67 Shellcove Road was one of these. Though it had only been completed in 1920, the big single-storey dwelling got an additional floor to be rented out as a flat in 1930. By then the effects of the Great Depression were already obvious, and it may have been that the extension was undertaken as a means of generating income for the owner.
Jimmy Verrills, it was reported, worked up until the day of his death. His legacy was large for, along with the 300 or more homes he helped to build, Jimmy was survived by 31 grandchildren and 43 great grandchildren.
Audio: Listen to Nell Conran's memories of her grandfather Jimmy Verrills, in conversation with historian Margaret Park and Julian Faigan in 1993. Merle Coppell Oral History Collection, OH47a


Considering your life goals we will create an individual financial plan that will include a unique blend of retirement planning, taxation, investment, risk management and wealth management strategies tailored specifically to you.
Unless otherwise requested our advice is continuous & ongoing. For you this means we offer regular reviews and progress meetings to continually assess progress towards your goals.
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text:
package lx.af.widget.iconify.fonts;

import lx.af.widget.iconify.Icon;
import lx.af.widget.iconify.IconFontDescriptor;

public class SimpleLineIconsModule implements IconFontDescriptor {

    @Override
    public String ttfFileName() {
        return "iconify/android-iconify-simplelineicons.ttf";
    }

    @Override
    public Icon[] characters() {
        return SimpleLineIconsIcons.values();
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
You are here: Home » Sports » Football » News
Hockey World Cup Quarterfinal Highlights: Australia, Belgium through to SF
First ever white card shown in a football match: What does it mean?
The white card was initiated by Portugal to try and improve ethical value in the sport
football | Portugal | BS Web Reports
https://mybs.in/2cBgIww
Illustration: Binay Sinha
Fifa World Cup Highlights: Portugal, Brazil win as Uruguay draw vs Korea
Fifa WC POR vs SUI Highlights: Ramos' hattrick leads Portugal to 6-1 win
Fifa World Cup: Korea through to last 16; Uruguay go out even after winning
Fifa World Cup, MAR vs POR Highlights: Morocco create history, reach semis
Ultra-rich Indians seek residency in Portugal for better healthcare
Most football fans must be aware of the red and yellow cards in football. But history was scripted in Portugal on Sunday when a white card was shown for the first time in a women's cup quarter-final match between Benfica and Sporting Lisbon.
The match was going in favour of Benfica when the card was shown.
What does "white card" mean in sports?
The card was initiated by Portugal to try and improve ethical value in the sport. It is in contrast with yellow and red cards which are used to discipline players for misconduct. The exact purpose and consequence of the card are yet to be announced.
During the match, a fan fell ill in the stands. The medical teams from both the teams rushed to the spot and the referee Catarina Campos showed the white card to them. It received a positive reception from the crowd at the Estadio da Luz, with many cheering and applauding the decision.
The card was shown as an appreciation to the medical teams for their spirit. Benfica went on to win the game 5-0.
Reports have suggested that football associations are expected to release more comprehensive information about the use of the card in the near future. According to BBC, it has been suggested that the card be introduced more widely in the games.
In India, if the card is to be introduced, it will have to be recognised by the All India Football Federation (AIFF).
Read our full coverage on football


text:
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About Amerikanki
10 Best Restaurants in the World
Julia Melko 16 Oct 2017
4. Mugaritz, San Sebastian, Spain
The dishes served at Mugaritz are described as being "techno-emotional Spanish." The diners get to experience a multiple-course tasting menu with small and intricate dishes.
However, Chef-patron Andoni Luis Aduriz likes to interact with the diners to see how a restaurant can impact people in different ways as well.
More: 10 Best Historic Cafes in Europe
1. El Celler de Can Roca, Girona, Spain
2. Noma, Copenhagen, Denmark
3. Osteria Francescana, Modena, Italy
5. Eleven Madison Park, New York, USA
6. D.O.M, Sao Paulo, Brazil
7. Dinner by Heston Blumenthal, London, England
8. Arzak, San Sebastian, Spain
9. Steirereck, Vienna, Austria
10. Vendome, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
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20 Most Peaceful Countries in the World 2017
5 Ways to Cope with Homesickness When Living Abroa...
10 Best Sushi Restaurants in the World
Top 10 Best Hostels around the World
10 World's Most Dangerous Mountains for Rock Climbing
10 Best Art Hotels around the World
Top 10 Most Haunted Hotels in the World
10 Best Casino Hotels in the World
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Companies are only considered as licit or legal after they are registered under the New Companies Act 2013 or other similar acts like as the LLP Act 2013. It is impossible to reap any official benefits in the absence of proper registration. Besides the chances of misuse or infringement by third parties cannot be ruled out as well in absence of proper registration. Getting your company registered ensures smooth and successful functioning of business entities reducing corporate risks and maltreat issues. Company registration service ensures the smooth and successful functioning of businesses reducing corporate risks and malpractices.
Getting your documentation right is of utmost priority for a business entity. We at Eaccountspro understand this and therefore our team is dedicated to offer you specialized company registration service with a varied range of services that range private limited company, limited company, one person company and much more. We are backed by a team of experienced and qualifies solicitors, lawyers whose expertise in resolving issues pertaining to business formation and company incorporation queries match none. This team of attorneys are also proficient in handling the entire segment of filing applications for company registration, company name registration. They are also capable of submitting the documents needed along with other law services, which needs to be applied for registration of new companies in India.
2. The company owner needs to apply for the availability of the proposed name of the company. This application needs to be accompanied with two unique names and the main object section of that business.
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HUNTSVILLE, Ala. -- Organizers of the NASA Student Launch Projects have announced the 57 student teams whose inventive creations will soar skyward in April during the space agency's 2012-13 rocketry challenge.
Representing schools in 26 states around the country, participating teams each will design and build a large, high-powered rocket, complete with a working science or engineering payload and capable of flying to the target altitude of 1 mile. NASA created the rocketry challenge to encourage young people to pursue careers in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields.
"Every year, the NASA Student Launch Projects build on our students' classroom studies in an energizing, exciting way," said Tammy Rowan, manager of the Academic Affairs Office at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., which organizes the event. "It's great fun, but it also reflects the real-world complexity of planning missions, building flight hardware and completing tough pre-flight checks and reviews. It tests their problem-solving skills and gives them practical, hands-on experience. We hope the experience is so unforgettable it leads many of them to become the nation's next generation of scientists, engineers and space explorers."
Twenty-one middle school and high school teams will take part in the Student Launch Initiative, which is non-competitive. Thirty-six college and university teams will compete in the University Student Launch Initiative with a $5,000 first-place award provided by ATK Aerospace Group of Salt Lake City going to the winner.
"We are proud to be sponsoring NASA's Student Launch Competition for the sixth year," said Kent Rominger, a former astronaut who is vice president of business development for ATK's Space Launch Division. "Each year we are impressed with the level of skill and knowledge these students exhibit. We are very optimistic and excited about the caliber of individuals that could become our future work force."
In 2013, the teams will travel to Marshall, where their rockets will undergo a series of intensive reviews and safety inspections -- a smaller-scale version of the rigorous processes applied to the nation's space vehicles. The culmination of their work is set for April 21, when the students launch their creations one by one into the skies over northern Alabama. Each will be seeking the elusive 1-mile altitude goal, as well as a variety of annual awards for vehicle design, engineering excellence and team spirit.
The NASA Student Launch Projects are sponsored jointly by NASA's Human Exploration and Operations and Science mission directorates.


THE Mets are 13-13 at Shea now because they let a Phillies outfit that had been 4-21 on the road steal one from them last night. They are less a team than a collection of marquee underachievers right now. The Hole In The Bat Gang lives.
The Mets, 5-3 losers, left 11 men on base. The boobirds savaged Mo Vaughn, who struck out three times and killed a ninth-inning rally when he grounded into a double play. He's a nice-sized scapegoat, but it isn't only him who came up small when Shea pleaded for The Big Hit. Rey Ordonez left the bases loaded. Joe McEwing left the bases loaded. Even Mike Piazza grounded into an inning-ending double play with two runners on in the fifth.
The weight of great expectations appears to be suffocating them. The 27-25 Mets aren't in first place anymore and don't deserve to be. Their clutch is stuck.
The biggest mystery of them all has been Alomar.
You can understand Vaughn's slow start; you don't miss a season and expect to come roaring out of the gate. But Alomar? The Mets thought they were getting a Hall of Fame second baseman when they stole him from the Indians. If the Mets plan on winning a World Series, then Alomar has to start playing like a Hall of Fame second baseman.
No one believes he is washed up at age 34, the way Carlos Baerga was at age 28 when he showed up at second base at Shea. No one believes that New York scares him, since Alomar has seen just about everything there is to see in baseball. It is early, yes, but never too early for Met fans who have seen Shea turn into a burial ground for the likes of Vince Coleman, Bobby Bonilla and Eddie Murray to worry.
He has been Alomarginal, in the field and at the plate. His batting average is .256, .159 from the right side, with four HRs and 17 RBIs. He has committed four errors. Unless he is Alomarvelous again, the Mets have no October chance.
Of course, in the big moments, they all look like Bob Gibson these days at Shea. "It's a big ballpark, I know that – it's more of a pitching ballpark than a hitting ballpark, I think," Alomar said.
Alomar was reminded that his troubles have mostly been from the right side of the plate. "I think I've been struggling from both sides, mainly," Alomar said.
GM Steve Phillips subscribes to the old baseball conviction that a player will ultimately play to his track record. Alomar is, remember, a .306 career hitter one year removed from a .336 season. "If we're having to worry about our Hall of Famers, then, you know, we got bigger things to worry about," the GM said.
The Mets keep telling us they will wake up. "When we do break out of this thing?" David Weathers said. "I feel sorry for some people." In the meantime, they better fight feeling sorry for themselves. "I want to play much better," Alomar said. He is supposed to play much better. They all are. They better wake up and remember that it can get late awful early around here.


House Democrats have blocked Republicans' attempts to pay federal workers during the partial government shutdown, according to a report by Fox News.
Rep. Dan Crenshaw sounded off after giving up his own salary during the partial government shutdown, saying the Democratic Party doesn't want federal workers to receive paychecks because "the Democrats actually want them as leverage."
"Let's pay them right now," Crenshaw added. "Let's pass these kinds of bills."
On Thursday, the Senate rejected both the Democratic and GOP proposals to end the ongoing partial federal government shutdown.
Both measures fell far short of the 60-vote threshold needed to pass.
Each of the dueling measures was expected to fail even before Thursday, although, it was hoped twin defeats may encourage both sides into a more serious push to negotiate a compromise.
The Senate is under 53-47 Republican control but almost every proposal needs 60 votes to advance.
According to Fox News, the final vote on the GOP bill was 50-47.
West Virginia Democrat Joe Manchin was the lone Democrat to cross over and support the GOP package, which would have provided $5.7 billion for President Trump's proposed border wall while also offering several immigration-related concessions and tightening asylum rules. GOP Sens. Tom Cotton and Mike Lee voted against the Republican measure.
"If this had been a vote to begin debate on a deal to end the shutdown, I would have happily voted yes," Lee told Fox News.
"But this was a vote to end debate on a bill that I believe is fundamentally flawed.
"In fact, after specifically asking for assurances that we would be allowed to offer amendments, no assurances were given.
Cotton added: "I could not support the bill because it gives legal status to illegal aliens without first securing our borders, implementing e-verify, and ending chain migration—all of which would eliminate the incentives for more illegal immigration.
The Democrats' plan would have reopened agency doors through Feb. 8 while bargainers seek a budget accord, but included no wall funding.
The vote was 52-44 on the Democratic bill, with all Democrats voting yes and several Republicans crossing over, including Utah Sen. Mitt Romney, Maine Sen. Susan Collins, Alaska Sen. Lisa Murkowski, Colorado Sen. Cory Gardner, Georgia Sen. Johnny Isakson, and Tennessee Sen. Lamar Alexander. Not voting on the bill were Sens. Richard Burr, Rand Paul, James Risch, and Jacky Rosen.
Both the GOP and Democratic measures would have reopened federal agencies and pay 800,000 federal workers who are about to miss yet another paycheck amid the shutdown, now in its 34th day.
In the wake of the failed votes, a bipartisan colloquy was underway on the Senate floor between senators trying to forge a bipartisan solution to reopen the government.
Several House Democratic representatives, including Reps. John Lewis, Bobby Scott, Gregory Meeks, and Jamie Raskin, were gathered in the back of the Senate chamber during the vote, apparently to protest the Senate's failure to consider several bills to end the shutdown that passed the Democratic-controlled House.
Trump told state and local officials on a conference call Wednesday, "Democrats are lousy politicians in many ways, they're lousy politicians and they have lousy policy, the only thing they do well is stick together."
"It's clear what the president wants," said House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, D-Md.
"It's clear what we want. If you have a negotiation, both parties are going to put on the table what they want." He added: "By definition a successful negotiation gets to a place where both sides feel they got something, right?"
Simply starting the negotiations has been the initial problem.
Democrats insist on opening the government first rather than reward Trump's tactics, while Republicans warn that immediately reopening the government would give Democrats too much leverage in any talks.
Trump's ex-chief of staff, John Kelly, joined the four other former Homeland Security secretaries in signing a letter urging Trump and his Democratic rivals to end the shutdown.
At a panel discussion held by House Democrats on the effects of the shutdown, union leaders and former Homeland Security officials said they worried about the long-term effects.
"I fear we are rolling the dice," said Tim Manning, a former Federal Emergency Management Agency official.
"We will be lucky to get everybody back on the job without a crisis to respond to."
The partial shutdown began just before Christmas after Trump indicated that he wouldn't sign a stopgap spending bill backed by top Republicans like McConnell, who shepherded a bill through the Senate that would have funded the government up to Feb. 8.
The House passed a plan with money for the wall as one of the last gasps of the eight-year GOP majority.
On Thursday, almost five weeks later, House Democrats continued work on a package that would ignore Trump's demand for $5.7 billion for a wall with Mexico and would instead pay for other ideas aimed at protecting the border.
Details of Democrats' border security plan and its cost remained a work in progress.
Party leaders said it would include money for scanning devices and other technological tools for improving security at ports of entry and along the border, plus money for more border agents and immigration judges.
A poll by The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research was the latest indicator that the shutdown is hurting Trump with the general public.
While his approval among Republicans remains strong, just 34 percent of Americans like his performance as president and 6 in 10 assign a great deal of responsibility to him for the shutdown, about double the share blaming Democrats, according to the poll out Wednesday.


3 completly different classes of fighters. Swordsmen, Gunners and Mages.
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The well-known guessing game – now in a challenging flavor. If you want more strategy instead luck, you will like this.


text:
Home » What is CGI?
What is CGI?5 min read
The term CGI stands for Computer-generated imagery (CGI). CGI uses computer graphics to create pictures in art, video games, computer animation, simulators, printed media, and visual effects in dramas, films, television shows, movies, and commercials.
CGI generally refers to the 3-D computer graphics used for generating characters, scenes and special effects in film and television.
The visual can be dynamic or static and can be two-dimensional (2-D).
CGI is used to create artificial environments that don't exist in real life.
Movies like Avatar and Jurassic Park are the best example of computer-generated imagery.
History of CGI
If we talk about the history of CGI, it goes back to the 1950s.
The film "Vertigo" directed by Alfred Hitchcock in 1958, is considered the first film to use computer-generated imagery.
Mechanical computers were used to create patterns on animation cells, which were included in a feature film in the 1950s when computer-generated imagery (CGI) first appeared on the scene.
With some 2-D trickery, Alfred Hitchcock may have gotten his start in the film industry.
The general public was not introduced to three-dimensional computer graphics till 1972 when Edwin Catmull and Fred Parke released a short film titled "A Computer Animated Hand."
This process was accomplished by using 350 triangles and polygons painted in ink on Edwin's hand, which were then scanned, digitized, and carefully animated in a 3-D animation tool created by Catmull.
Film Which Used CGI
Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo (1958) was the first film that used CGI. With some 2-D trickery, Alfred Hitchcock may have gotten his start in the film industry.
Westworld was the first feature film to make use of CGI in 1973.
The boundaries of CGI were pushed to the future world even further when it presented a 3D head using the same techniques as Edwin Catmull had specified.
Surprisingly the studio official used Edwin's Catmull initial hand animation and incorporated it into the movies.
The Oscars recognized this outstanding effort a decade later with a scientific & Engineering Academy Award.
Future World (1976)
In 1976 the film Westworld was succeeded by another film, the future world.
The original team was reunited for this sequel to do many of the same things they did. This time, a few talented newcomers' works were welcomed into the fold.
On May 25, 1977, Star Wars was released in some theaters in the United States and quickly became a blockbuster hit, leading to it being expanded to a much wider release.
Initially, the film suffered production difficulties; the crew and cast involved believed the film would be a failure.
Lucas formed the production company named Industrial Light & Magic to help create the special effects. Due to multiple delays, it also went $3 million over budget.
This film caused a great sensation, and it was all because the high percentage of computer graphics made it unusual and unique.
The dazzling computer effects of Space, Large spaceships, lightsabers, and other things were astounding.
In the field of computer graphics, the first part of "Jurassic Park" became a real discovery.
Dinosaurs of different shapes and sizes, drawn with maximum photo-realism.
The Matrix (1999)
The Matrix is also one of the well-known movies to be shot with a green background—the creation of many unique features which would be impossible without 3D CGI—for example, the capture of scenes with slow motion time and bullets in the fight.
Titanic is the best example of what good CGI can do for a film.
In James Cameron's movie "Titanic," trying to convey the ship's history, the artists and director used computer graphics to depict the sunken ship.
James Cameron took live-action footage of actors in shots of the boats ( hanging out on board or jumping into the water ) and digitally placed them on board the model.
It perplexed even the famed critic Roger Ebert because the result was so convincing.
According to the director James Cameron, the Avatar film is 60% computer-generated images and 40% live-action. Everything was drawn and virtually animated, such as the planet's vibrant landscapes and the appearance of many characters.
Avatar still ranks as one of the best CGI uses and one of the most expensive movies in history.
How Does CGI Work?
Computer-generated imagery can be used to create animated movies, video games, and other types of graphics or animations.
Of course, the most popular use of CGI today is in computer-generated imagery (CGI) films.
In CGI films, all the visual images were created on a computer rather than shot with cameras like in traditional feature films.
The computer programmers construct code that instructs the computer on what every single object in a scene should look like and what it should do at every moment during the film, how the character performs an action, how they fight, how they move around, etc.
Most people are unaware that CGI is different from animation, made by an artist who uses different software to get the desired effect.
Computer-generated imagery is used to perform various tasks, but the most common aim is to create artificial or virtual environments that don't exist in real life.
Both movies like Jurassic Park and Avatar use a lot of computer-generated imagery.
The process starts with the director's instruction: who told what to do? and what will the final result or product look like? -whether it is a natural environment or something more fantastical such as Dragons or spaceships.
Then the Artist collaborates with the programmers and animators to bring ideas and concepts into reality on the screen, using computers and different tools such as Maya modeling software and photoshop for editing photos.
While using these techniques, filmmakers bring their ideas to real-life without relying on the actor.
Where is CGI Used?
Computer-generated imagery is most commonly used in movies, television programs, commercials, and print media.
This technology is more affordable, often has higher quality, and is controllable than other physical processes.
This technology allows an artist to create content without the use of actors, props, or expensive sets.
Most frequently, video game creators use real-time computer graphics called CGI.
Video games also include pre-processed cutscenes that are made using computer-generated imagery.
Architecture and Real Estate
In various ways, computer-generated imagery is used in real estate, from early planning to final sales.
Many real estate companies are turning to specialists in this field to create impressive images and design future buildings for buyers.
CGI technology can also be used to ensure street landscape consistency.
Architects use computer-generated visuals to assist clients in understanding and approving projects.
In architecture, computer-generated imagery (CGI) allows the buyer or investor to understand every detail of the property, all aspects of the project, from the overall layout to specific rooms.
Product CGI
CGI is also used by designers and developers for product presentation, from early planning to marketing.
You may make the product more appealing by adjusting the lighting and shadows and tweaking the composition.
This method will help you in presenting your concept to clients and investors in the most effective manner.
This type of visualization is most commonly found in vehicle and alcohol commercials.
Landscapes Visuals
Computer-generated imagery is also used to edit or create beautiful landscapes.
They are indistinguishable from the real images. Such images can be created in 2D editors such as photoshop, and sometimes it is enough.
And some time in 3D CGI to make the pictures clear, vivid, and memorable.
CGI Software
The Artist uses different CGI software to create realistic CGI images and animations.
Without the best CGI software creating high-quality models is impossible. For this purpose, the artists use the following CGI software.
ZBrush is one of the best 3D modeling programs available. You may use ZBrush to create professional figures of people, animals, and other objects.
Blenders may also be used to create 3D models. The most significant advantage of this computer-generated image software is that it is totally free.
3Ds Max+Corona Renderer or V – Ray
This software can create unique and appealing images of anything you need, from building to landscapes.
You can achieve extraordinary photo-realism with one of its engines – Corona Render or V -Ray.
Maya is primarily used by 3D designers and artists who work on video games, special effects, and images for cinema.
This article was contributed to TechABU by a guest writer Irfan Ullah.
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Growing up I loved my mom's cooking, but wasn't that varied. We had a routine that included pork chops on Wednesday and meatloaf on Thursday.
So when we went to the local Chi-Chi's, it felt like we were rockin' our international mojo. Hey, nothing says global citizen like a Chimichanga.
In 1996, I joined a Japanese company, and it seemed like everyone was into sushi - for those of a certain age, we remember when it was exotic, and you couldn't get at the Kroger in landlocked Kentucky. But up to '96, I had never had it. To be honest, I thought it was little odd. Like, who eats raw food?
Before 2001, I thought meditation was weird. Like, who sits and focuses on their breath? But during my Last Bad Day recovery, I started a practice. I would wake up, get into my wheelchair, and head off to a quiet place in the hospital. There I would meditate and set my intentions for the day. It made such a difference that I continued my practice as I returned to corporate life.
You may think meditation is weird or too hippie-dippie for corporate America. You may have tried a session or two and determined it's not for you.
But there many benefits to meditation especially as we navigate our busy. It builds resilience and our ability to respond versus react. And it could be your secret sauce to better sales and marketing. Hey, you spend, or least plan to spend, hours at the gym, don't you think your brain could use a little training as well?
Here's my prediction, in a few years, meditation will loss it's woo-woo label. We will stop judging it as odd because the data will prove that those who are best at creating better tomorrows have a meditation practice.
So give it a try, and after your session, we can grab some sushi. Here are some great resources to get you started.
29 Benefits of Meditation from One Mind Dharma.
Have fun storming the castle! Namaste.
Happy Easter and Passover for those celebrating.
You can watch this week's Video Shift Tip by clicking HERE.
p.s., Don't forget to sign up for our free, five-day Conversation Challenge and filled your peloton with more civility, trust, and success. Click CHALLENGE to save your spot. It starts on Monday, April 2nd.


A 404 error happened because the resource could not be found. Can u please show me with small example code. –Raghu Nov 10 '14 at 5:00 In the catch block you can forward to /ErrorHandler instead of error page. In JSP, there are two ways to perform exception handling: By errorPage and isErrorPage attributes of page directive By element in web.xml file Example of exception handling in jsp by Errors: These are not exceptions at all, but problems that arise beyond the control of the user or the programmer.
Putting pin(s) back into chain Chebyshev Rotation Launching a rocket More than 100 figures causing jumble of text in list of figures Can civilian aircraft fly through or land in restricted Report it in our Jira issue tracking system and we will try to fix it as quickly as possible!Report an Issue Community Our community forum/mailinglist is where you go to stay Author: Deron Eriksson Description: This Java tutorial describes how to create a JSP error page to handle exceptions. Because it has attracted low-quality or spam answers that had to be removed, posting an answer now requires 10 reputation on this site (the association bonus does not count).
FREE eBook: Java Interview Questions (250+ Questions)Email address: Because 45,883 Developers can't be Wrong!
× Oracle JavaServer Pages Developer's Guide and ReferenceRelease 8.1.7Part Number A83726-01 Library Product Contents Index JSP Runtime Why not reach little more and connect with me directly on Google Plus, Facebook or Twitter. error.jsp Message: StackTrace: Notice that at the top of All Rights Reserved.
Tutorial created using: Windows XP || JDK 1.5.0_09 || Eclipse Web Tools Platform 2.0 (Eclipse 3.3.0) || Tomcat 5.5.20 Page: 1 2> When an exception is thrown in your web If you really want to do it programmatically, you should be using sendError(), not forward(). –BalusC Jul 1 at 7:25 add a comment| 3 Answers 3 active oldest votes up vote You can have following type of errors in your JSP code: Checked exceptions: Achecked exception is an exception that is typically a user error or a problem that cannot be foreseen Exceptions you do not catch in the JSP page will result in forwarding of the request and uncaught exception to an error page.
The specification of the redirection into the page where the Java exception can occur. Why aren't sessions exclusive to an IP? All Rights Reserved. Join them; it only takes a minute: Sign up How to redirect to error page when exception occurs from servlet?


Many students have fear to give presentation or some of you have fear to express yourself in front of your classmate.
If you are like most people, then public speaking or presenting is one of your major fears. You owe it to yourself to develop some strategies and techniques to manage your nerves so you can concentrate on delivering an effective and engaging presentation.
The more you can control the uncertainty, the less nervousness you will experience and the more residual energy you will have to devote to the presentation itself.
Here you can share your problem while speaking in front of audience.
The next blog will help you to come out form it.
yes ma'm you are rite.
In my opinion,The more you know your material, the more comfortable you'll be. So rehearse, rehearse, and then rehearse some more. Think I'm exaggerating?
For every minute of a speech he made, Winston Churchill spent an hour working on it. He wasn't a born orator, either, but overcame a childhood lisp through hard practice enunciating.
For feedback, practice in front of friends and family and/or video tape yourself to review later. You may end up sick of your presentation, but by then you should be able to deliver it more naturally.


Very light ground floor fully equipped apartment of 150 square meters and 15 meters outside space. The apartment has very high cealings which gives a spacial atmosphere. Its situated in a quit street in the famous Amsterdam neighborhood De Pijp in Amsterdam Zuid (South). Its situated next to the kids friendly Sarphatipark The apartment has a open spaced living room , diner room en open kitchen, one master bedroom and a huge kidsroom with 3 beds ( suitable for kids from 5-16 years,( + babybed available)) .. one bathroom with tub and shower, all bedrooms have acces with open doors to the outside area. There's separate room with washer and dryer.
Chalet on the 5 star campsite Julianahoeve / directly behind the dunes!
Holiday app. Quiet rooms with private bathrooms in the 1st floor. Big garden.


Trading as a country inn with bed, breakfast, dinner and drinks they are also happy to serve guests who merely want to drink.
The bar area is a very comfortable place to enjoy a pint. The single cask beer is always from a local brewery.


text:
Q: How to capture error while using CouchbaseAsyncCluster.openBucket call I have the following code that creates Couchbase cluster and tried to open a bucket. The name given to the bucket is a wrong name. I want to capture the error since the bucket does not exist. Using java client version 2.7.6 and Java 11.
CouchbaseAsyncCluster cluster =
CouchbaseAsyncCluster.create("localhost");
cluster.authenticate("Administrator", "password");
rx.Observable<AsyncBucket> bucket;
cluster.openBucket("wrongName")
        .doOnError(e -> System.out.println("error occurred"))
        .doOnNext(openbucket -> System.out.println("bucket opened"))
        .subscribe(openBucket -> System.out.println("subscription
         complete"));

The above code does not generate any error.
What is the best way to capture the error opening bucket?

A: The issue is probably that you're subscribing to the Observable, which is starting the async network operation, but before it completes, your application is terminating.
For testing you can try making the Observable block so that it completes before the application terminates:
    cluster.openBucket("wrongName")
            .doOnError(e -> System.out.println("error occurred"))
            .doOnNext(openbucket -> System.out.println("bucket opened"))
            .toBlocking()
            .subscribe(openBucket -> System.out.println("subscription complete"));

I tested this and it gives an 'Bucket "wrongName" does not exist.' error.


text:
Bill Cosby protester kicked out of London show
By Bruce DeMaraEntertainment
Thu., Jan. 8, 2015timer2 min. read
LONDON, ONT.—A sole protester was escorted out by London Police after calling Bill Cosby a "rapist" during his performance at the city's Budweiser Gardens Thursday evening, the second of three shows the embattled comedian is performing this week in Canada.
When an audience member shouted out "we love you, Bill," an unidentified young man retorted: "We don't love you, Bill. You're a rapist."
Moments later, when police motioned him to stand and come with them, the man again disrupted the performance. "I'm getting kicked out because you're a rapist."
The audience began booing and Cosby quieted them down, urging them to exercise "patience."
Earlier in the performance, Cosby alluded to allegations of sexual assault levelled at him by more than 20 women. It occurred when a woman near the front of the stage left her seat and headed for the exit.
After he asked where she was going, the woman said she was going to get a drink and offered to buy him one too.
"You have to be careful drinking alcohol around me," Cosby quipped, a remark that was met with muted laughter.
An earlier demonstration outside the venue organized by a local women's group and some union locals was far smaller than expected, drawing less than 100 protesters — a far cry from the 400 promised by organizers.
Nonetheless, security was tight with venue staff searching bags and patting down everyone who entered. Each patron was given a small slip of paper which said: "Patrons have a right to enjoy tonight's performance. Disruptive behaviour will not be tolerated and will result in removal, possible legal action and/or banning from the venue."
An electronic display board also had a message reading: "No shirts with profane language."
Cosby has one final performance Friday evening at Hamilton Place.
The 77-year-old comedian has never been criminally charged in connection with the slew of sexual assault allegations and has denied them through his lawyer.
His reputation, however, has taken a beating.
At least 10 performances on his North American tour were cancelled in the U.S., NBC halted work on a Cosby sitcom that was under development and Netflix indefinitely postponed a special that was set to premiere last month.
With files from The Canadian Press


text:
Pain-Relief Cream Put to the Test!
Health & Wellness By The Doctors on 12:00 AM PDT, May 6, 2019
Playing Pain-Reducing Cream Put to the Test!
One hundred million Americans live in pain so when The Doctors heard about a cream that promises to reduce pain without a pill, they put it to the test. They enlisted three testers, who join them in the audience, to share if this cream helped with their pain.
Watch: Back Pain Products - Buzz or Bust?
Alana says she has chronic pain in her neck and lower back because she used to do a lot of yoga and pushed her body too far to the point of injury. She says she always feels a pinching sensation in those areas.
Alana found the cream worked well! It felt like a cool compress on her body due to the menthol in the product. She really liked it!
Emily too was a fan of the cream. Emily was in a car accident that left her with four herniated discs so she says her pain is 24/7. Even though she isn't a big fan of menthol, she says she didn't mind the sensation the cream created. She also liked that it contained arnica, a homeopathic ingredient she has found to really help with pain.
ER physician Dr. Travis Stork notes with herniated discs, pain pills or creams aren't going to cure the issue, but he wonders if it distracted from the pain. Emily says it did. "It's kind of like when you had a massage and right after your muscles are more open and you feel more at ease," Emily says.
Watch: Drs. Rx: Ginger to Help with Joint Pain?
Lastly, Sydney says her pain in her back and shoulders comes and goes with certain activities, depending on her workouts, how she sleeps, or if she is sitting or standing in a particular position. She says the cream helped to ease her pain and she thinks for someone with chronic pain, this can help a lot!
The Doctors armed these women with the cream but all three of them say they would spend their own money to get this pain-relief cream!
Is a Clicking Jaw a Health Concern?
You Won't Believe How Many Gallstones Came out of One Patient!
The Doctors Top-Tested Procedures, Products and Hacks!
How Can Doctors Stop the Opioid Epidemic?
A Chopstick Stuck down There? Constant Orgasms?


text:
The System Worked: How the World Stopped Another Great Depression
Listen To Audio Download the Audio	Download
PDF File Uncorrected Transcript
Thursday, Jun 12, 2014 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM EDT
Saul/Zilkha Rooms
On June 12, the Foreign Policy Program at Brookings hosted a launch event for The System Worked: How the World Stopped Another Great Depression (Oxford University Press), a new book by Daniel Drezner, professor of international politics at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and a nonresident senior fellow with the Project on International Order and Strategy (IOS).
In The System Worked, Drezner examines how the institutions of global economic governance responded to the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression, and finds that despite a myriad of weaknesses in both structure and leadership, the international economic system proved surprisingly resilient and effective in averting a potential catastrophe. Drezner's presentation was followed by a panel discussion on the successes and failures of global governance in a post-Great Recession world.
Drezner was joined by Ely Ratner, senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security and Kathleen McNamara, director of the Mortara Center for International Studies at Georgetown University. IOS Director and Foreign Policy Senior Fellow Bruce Jones moderated the discussion. A question and answer session followed.
Join the conversation on Twitter using #SystemWorked
To subscribe or manage your subscriptions to our top event topic lists, please visit our event topics page.
Global Governance & Politics
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kandeej.com: Weirdy face and mini me!
but I'm in heaven in LA...and I get to see my sister today!!!! yay...I'll blog about it later but everyone is starving for lunch so I gotta go!
and here's my siss-tourage for the day....yay for seeing my sister!!!


text:
Q: French encoded characters Encodings are not my strongest points...
I am building a site which involves a range of different languages.
The database is storing content in UTF-8.
Content is injected on screen from the db with jQuery and AJAX. The problem is, the response is not correctly encoded.
Français returns as Fran�ais
I am not sure what I am doing wrong, the default request in jquery is uft8 and the data is stored in the db in uft-8 and the html page is set to <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
Am I missing something obvious?
Thanks,
John
When i request the content directly bypassing the jquery ajax the response is encoded correctly.. as in when no header is set by the browser...

A: As mentioned in my comment, you should make sure your DB connection charset is also utf-8. This is my goto PDO constructor that sets things up nicely...
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test;charset=utf8', 'username', 'password', array(
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
    PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false,
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC));

Note the charset param as part of the DSN. There's no need to run a SET NAMES query unless you're stuck on a PHP version lower than 5.3.6.


text:
Q: Woocommerce added custom fee, trying to manipulate with checkbox via AJAX i was hoping if i could get some information about whats going on in here.
I added an extra fee in the totals part of the checkout, it adds the 10% of the subtotal.
Now this works since i added the following code snippet via a plugin:
add_action( 'woocommerce_cart_calculate_fees','endo_handling_fee' );
function endo_handling_fee() {
global $woocommerce;

if ( is_admin() && ! defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) )
return;
$subtotal = $woocommerce->cart->subtotal;
$fee_percentage = 0.1; // 10 percent
$fee = ($subtotal * $fee_percentage);
$woocommerce->cart->add_fee( 'Seguro de Envio', $fee, true, 'standard' );
}

And it actually works but i have to be able to activate it via a checkbox.
Check box was created by going into cart-totals and using this code:
<?php foreach ( WC()->cart->get_fees() as $fee ) : ?>

<?php echo esc_html( $fee->name ); ?> <input type="checkbox" id="envio">
<td id="seguroenvio" data-title="<?php echo esc_html( $fee->name ); ?>"><?     php wc_cart_totals_fee_html( $fee ); ?>

<?php endforeach; ?>

Also at the bottom of cart-totals.php file, i added this:
<?php do_action( 'woocommerce_after_cart_totals' ); ?>

<?php
function custom_checkbox_checker () {
if ( is_checkout() ) {
wp_enqueue_script( 'jquery' ); ?>

<?php }
}

And to finish off, in the same location of the cart-totals.php i added a fields.php file that i created adding this code:
<?php
global $woocommerce;
add_action( 'woocommerce_cart_calculate_fees','endo_handling_fee' );

/*global $woocommerce;

$subtotal = $woocommerce->cart->subtotal;
$fee_percentage = 0.1; // 10 percent
$fee = ($subtotal * $fee_percentage);
$woocommerce->cart->add_fee( 'Seguro de Envio', $fee, true, 'standard' );
echo $fee." ";

require('../../../../../wp-includes/functions.php'); */

function endo_handling_fee() {
global $woocommerce;

if (is_admin() && ! defined( 'DOING_AJAX' ) )
return;
$subtotal = $woocommerce->cart->subtotal;
$fee_percentage = 0.1; // 10 percent
$fee = ($subtotal * $fee_percentage);
if($_POST["status"] == "yes"){
$woocommerce->cart->add_fee( 'Seguro de Envio', $fee, true, 'standard' );
echo $fee." ";
}
else
{
$woocommerce->cart->add_fee( 'Seguro de Envio', 0, true, 'standard' );
echo "0";
}
echo 0;
}
?>

The checkbox appears but its not triggering anything when clicked.
Any help is much appreciated.
Woocommerce version 4.4.2
Site url: valaidp.com/mrelectronicstest


text:
Q: what are all the open subgroups of $(\mathbb{R},+)$ I am not able to find out what are all the open subgroups of $(\mathbb{R},+)$, open as a set in usual topology and also subgroup.

A: Use archimedian property of $\mathbb{R}$
let $S$ be any proper open subgroup, $x\in \mathbb{R}\setminus S, S\le \mathbb{R}$,  $0\in S$ is interior point so there exist $\epsilon >0$, such that $(-\epsilon,\epsilon)\subseteq S$ ,forthis $\epsilon>0$ there exists $N\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $\frac{x}{N}<\epsilon$, so $\frac{x}{N}+\dots+\frac{x}{N}(N \text{ times})=x\in S$
so the only subgroups are trivials

A: Hint: Every open subgroup of a topological group is also closed.

A: HINT: If $G$ is a subgroup of $\Bbb R$, then $0\in G$. If in addition $G$ is open, then $G$ contains an interval of the form $I=(-a,a)$ for some $a>0$. Clearly $G\supseteq nI$ for each $n\in\Bbb Z^+$, where $nI=\{nx:x\in I\}$. What does this tell you about $G$?


Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, (also known as Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, Bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma,:482 or bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma Brocq) is a rare ichthyosis skin disease affecting around 1 in 250,000 people.
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis is a skin disorder that is present at birth. Affected babies may have very red skin (erythroderma) and severe blisters. Because newborns with this disorder are missing the protection provided by normal skin, they are at risk of becoming dehydrated and developing infections in the skin or throughout the body (sepsis).
As affected individuals get older, blistering is less frequent, erythroderma becomes less evident, and the skin becomes thick (hyperkeratotic), especially over joints, on areas of skin that come into contact with each other, or on the scalp or neck. This thickened skin is usually darker than normal. Bacteria can grow in the thick skin, often causing a distinct odor.
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis can be categorized into two types. People with PS-type epidermolytic hyperkeratosis have thick skin on the palms of their hands and soles of their feet (palmoplantar or palm/sole hyperkeratosis) in addition to other areas of the body. People with the other type, NPS-type, do not have extensive palmoplantar hyperkeratosis but do have hyperkeratosis on other areas of the body.
It is possible to classify epidermolytic hyperkeratosis based upon palm and sole hyperkeratosis.
This is a dominant genetic condition caused by mutations in the genes encoding the proteins keratin 1 or keratin 10.
Keratin 1 is associated with the variants affecting the palms and soles.
Keratin 10 is associated with the variants in which these are unaffected.
Gene Therapy is really the only true therapy on the horizon for sufferers of EHK.
Over the past 10 years since the first EHK mouse model was developed, many ideas have been discussed about how best to cure EHK. Back as far as 1994 researchers were discussing new promising ideas such as topical lotions that would deliver ribozymes in a liposom cream. Ribozymes are a small piece of synthetic RNA which can digest RNA molecules. When cells make a protein from a gene on a chromosome sitting in the nucleus, the gene is first transcribed as a piece of RNA. This RNA is then translated into a protein. Ribozymes can be designed to destroy RNA molecules with specific sequences. In theory, this will stop the production of the protein encoded by the mutant alleles of the gene.
Successful gene therapy solutions have been recently achieved on mouse models by Jiang Chen M.D., a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of Dennis Roop, Ph.D., in the Center for Cutaneous Molecular Biology at Baylor College of Medicine. In 1998 they developed an inducible mouse model for epidermolysis hyperkeratosis which is viable, because the expression of a mutant K10 allele can be restricted to a focal area of the skin. "Once the mutant K10 allele is activated in epidermal stem cells by topical application of an inducer, these stem cells continuously give rise to defective progeny that form hyperkeratotic lesions which persist for the life of the mouse. It was observed that partial suppression of the mutant K10 gene may be sufficient to eliminate the disorder."
To test this observation, Dr. Chen and his team of researchers developed siRNAs that target the mutant K10 gene products for degradation, without affecting normal K10 gene products. Dr. Chen observed that under these conditions, an efficient knock-down of mutant, but not normal, K10 genes could be achieved. The results allowed the normal K10 genes to function properly building healthy skin tissues. He claims that these results may prove to be a very vital step forward in forging a novel gene therapy and possible permanent corrective therapy for this debilitating skin disorder.
The challenge has always been how to deliver the siRNA using a topical method or retroviral vectors and ex vivo gene transfer. In 2011/12 a team at Northwestern University claim to have solved the topical delivery of siRNA dilemma. Personalized siRNA can be delivered in a commercial moisturizer or phosphate-buffered saline, and do not require barrier disruption or transfection agents, such as liposomes, peptides, or viruses. "Topical application of nucleic acids offers many potential therapeutic advantages for suppressing genes in the skin, and potentially for systemic gene delivery. However, the epidermal barrier typically precludes entry of gene-suppressing therapy unless the barrier is disrupted. We now show that spherical nucleic acid nanoparticle conjugates (SNA-NCs), gold cores surrounded by a dense shell of highly oriented, covalently immobilized siRNA, freely penetrate almost 100% of keratinocytes in vitro, mouse skin, and human epidermis within hours after application."  This new discovery may soon offer hope to all suffering from mono-genetic diseases such as EHK. This may lead to promising personalized, topically delivered gene therapy of cutaneous tumors, skin inflammation, and dominant negative genetic skin disorders. It seems in 2013 Clinical trials are being planned to test this new approach.
Until gene therapy solutions finally become reality, EHK sufferers must treat their fragile skin carefully. Most have learned that taking regular extended baths allows patients to care for their fragile skin and keep it manageable. Baths that include sea salt seem to improve the process of softening and removing the thickened skin. Ointments like Petroleum Jelly, Aveeno, and other barrier type ointment help hold the moisture in the skin after a bath.
^ synd/1036 at Who Named It?
^ Cheng J, Syder AJ, Yu QC, Letai A, Paller AS, Fuchs E (September 1992). "The genetic basis of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis: a disorder of differentiation-specific epidermal keratin genes". Cell 70 (5): 811–9. PMID 1381287. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90314-3.
^ "What is epidermolytic hyperkeratosis?". Retrieved 2011-11-03.
^ DiGiovanna JJ, Bale SJ (August 1994). "Clinical heterogeneity in epidermolytic hyperkeratosis". Arch Dermatol 130 (8): 1026–35. PMID 8053700. doi:10.1001/archderm.130.8.1026.
^ Ross R, DiGiovanna JJ, Capaldi L, Argenyi Z, Fleckman P, Robinson-Bostom L (July 2008). "Histopathologic characterization of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis: a systematic review of histology from the National Registry for Ichthyosis and Related Skin Disorders". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 59 (1): 86–90. PMC 2517215. PMID 18571597. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2008.02.031.
^ Brecher AR, Orlow SJ (2003). "Oral retinoid therapy for dermatologic conditions in children and adolescents". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 49 (2): 171–82; quiz 183–6. PMID 12894062. doi:10.1067/S0190-9622(03)01564-0.
^ "Gene Therapy - Gene therapy progress and prospects: the skin - easily accessible, but still far away". Retrieved 2008-01-03.


This is your Association please come.
There is no board meeting scheduled at this time. The specific date of board meetings are determined by the board President. Currently, board meetings are typically held at 1205 Eagle Lakes Drive at 7:00 pm.
Please be advised the annual dues for Falcon Ridge II are now $210.00.
Payment will be due January 31, 2018.
Letters to homeowners with payment information will be mailed by first of 2018.
Please use the following address for all correspondence to FRII Homeowner Association.
This ensures a postmark date to show us that is is not late.
City of Friendswood Ordinances pertaining to dogs/cats.
Sect.10-17-Animals running at-large is prohibited in the City of Friendswood.