We have an active partnership with Rennes educational establishments, who are confident in us and our competences. The Dialangues specific method adapts CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) to base your learning process on exchange and practice. Through your specific projects - professional or studies - in France and your expected results, we will build your own program in partnership, in order to obtain new abilities and be operational as soon as you finish your training.
In a warm ambiance, perfectly convenient to learn, our fully qualified and experienced French teachers will give you their passion of their native language. Multilingual, they will be able to reassure you when needed.
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Those sessions are blended-learning programmes, including group courses with our teachers and a constant access to our interactive platform (online exercices with teachers correction).
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English TOEIC Test Programme : get a high score to the TOEIC test and prepare your admission in French schools.


Hey ! I would like to request a showing of 7637 Haven Avenue #D. Let me know what times you are available. Thank you!
Looking for a turnkey condo in The Villas at Terra Vista? This is the one!! You will LOVE all the upgrades the original owner has done, including French doors that open to the private serene covered patio, granite counter tops in the kitchen and a gorgeous master bathroom. This floor plan is open and perfect for entertaining. The living room flows to the dining area, kitchen and family room with a fireplace and	read more French doors to the patio. The spacious kitchen offers a dining area, breakfast island, granite counter tops and back splash, pendant lighting and plenty of space for storage and prep work. In the master bedroom, you have French doors, plantation shutters, a vaulted ceiling and remodeled en suite bathroom with double sinks and a richly tiled walk in shower with alcove shelf and glass enclosure. Two more bedrooms have a vaulted ceiling & plant ledge above the closet. The convenient indoor laundry room makes that chore seamless. More items include crown moulding, recessed lighting, dual pane windows, ceiling fan lights in most rooms and direct garage access. We are located near the pool and club house area, but far enough not to be on top of it. This community is convenient to shops, parks, restaurants, schools and more. What a beautiful place to come home to!
This listing is courtesy of the listing agent SUSAN MAHONY (#01033212), with the office BERKSHIRE HATH HM SVCS CA PROP.
All data for this listing was last updated on November 19, 2018 at 07:20AM.


Suburbs of Albion: Bakertown, Bear Lake, Burr Oak, Green Center, High Lake, Merriam, Skinner Lake, Upper Long Lake.
Zip codes in the city: 46701.
Noble County funeral flowers can be purchased from one of the local funeral shops we partner with.
It was noted by Kalamazoo Gazette on December 1st, 2018 that Lena U Mounsey (McMichael) passed on in Richland, Michigan. Ms. Mounsey was 97 years old and was born in Albion, IN. Send flowers to share your condolences and honor Lena U's life.
It was reported by Sarasota Herald-Tribune on February 2nd, 2018 that Dora "Doe" Greenough (Evans) perished in Sarasota, Florida. Ms. Greenough was 93 years old and was born in Albion, IN. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Dora "Doe"'s life.
It was revealed by Kalamazoo Gazette on March 23rd, 2017 that Walter R "Ike" Enos passed away in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Enos was 82 years old and was born in Albion, IN. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Walter R "Ike"'s life.
It was reported by Peoria Journal Star on July 20th, 2014 that Leona Mae Schwalbe (Jacob) passed on in Bloomington, Illinois. Ms. Schwalbe was 90 years old and was born in Albion, IN. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Leona Mae's life.
It was revealed on January 9th, 2013 that John Butts died in Albion, Indiana. Butts was 85 years old and was born in Chelsea, MA. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor John's life.
It was written by Columbus Dispatch on March 11th, 2012 that Ronald Brent Morr passed away in Ohio. Morr was 56 years old and was born in Albion, IN. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Ronald Brent's life.
It was disclosed by Times-Union on November 4th, 2011 that Mary Maxine Sleighter (Busz) passed away in Albion, Indiana. Ms. Sleighter was 90 years old. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Mary Maxine's life.
It was noted by Times-Union on May 3rd, 2011 that Gloria Glee Iden passed away in Albion, Indiana. Iden was 88 years old. Send flowers to express your sorrow and honor Gloria Glee's life.
It was reported by Times-Union on April 7th, 2011 that Doris E Miller (Starr) died in Albion, Indiana. Ms. Miller was 86 years old. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor Doris E's life.
It was reported on November 24th, 1905 that J M Cress died in Albion, Indiana. Send flowers to express your sympathy and honor J M's life.
Albion is a town in Albion Township, Noble County, Indiana and Jefferson Township, Noble County, Indiana townships, Noble County, Indiana County, Indiana, United States. The population was 2,284 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Noble County, Indiana County . . .
Listing all funeral homes in Albion, Indiana so you can easily send flowers to any location (same day delivery) or find any funeral service.
Listing for Orr Funeral Home in Albion, Indiana, which deals with funerals and cremation.


Determined to keep my running streak up even in the blizzard conditions, and very much expecting to be the only one out and about, I set off for a jog along the Union Canal. I was wrong. I think all of Edinburgh was out, and they were all building snowmen (and snowwomen and snowchildren). After running past two parks littered with all manner of snowpeople, I ran back to my flat to grab my camera- there were just too many portraits waiting to be taken.
Since I handle a lot of the social media over here at Mad Challenges, I tried think of a way to tie in an environmental message. Maybe "What do Snowmen and Icebergs have in Common? THEY'RE BOTH MELTING." Nah, too aggressive. Or maybe funny fake interviews with the snowmen for our #MyHandprintMC campaign, in which they discuss ways they are pursuing sustainability in their everyday lives by choosing to be made out of 100% recyclable, biodegradable materials and leaving no carbon footprint because of their lack of feet. Nah, I didn't have enough puns to interview them all.


text:
Battle of the poos: which regions lead the bowel screening battle?
More Australians than ever participating in life saving bowel cancer screening, spurred on by Australian Government funded Cancer Council campaign
Talking about poo might sometimes be taboo but Cancer Council is continuing its mission to beat the stigma by celebrating the Australian regions with the largest National Bowel Cancer Screening Program participation.
New data released today by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare showed that the regions of Yorke Peninsular (SA), Fleurieu – Kangaroo Island (SA), Surf Coast – Bellarine Peninsula (Vic), Holdfast Bay (SA) and Mitcham (SA) had the highest participation rates across Australia in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program.
In the battle of the states, South Australia led the nation having four of the top 10 regions having the highest participation rate. The rest of the top ten consisted of regions in Victoria, Western Australia, and Tasmania.
When it comes to most improved, the regions of St Marys (NSW) (6.5%), Gascoyne (WA) (6.4%) and Melbourne City (Vic) (5.4%) led the charge, each increasing their participation rate by over five percentage points from 2016-17 to 2018-19.
Tanya Buchanan, CEO of Cancer Council Australia explained "Bowel cancer is Australia's second biggest cancer killer claiming the lives of around 100 Australians each week. Thankfully however, we have a screening test that can detect these cancers early, often before symptoms arise.
The promising participation rates across the nation comes as new Cancer Council data today shows that the 2019 Australian Government funded Cancer Council National Bowel Screening Campaign was responsible for a whopping 93,000 people doing these tests.
"The extra 93,000 tests completed equates to 860 cancers being prevented and 470 lives saved over the next 50 years," said Ms Buchanan.
"Australians who have completed their bowel screening test deserve a pat on the back and we would encourage everyone to talk to their friends and family who are aged 50 to 74 and ask them if they've done their test – talking about poo isn't taboo when it could save your life.
"Across the nation we see significant disparities in participation rates. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare data shows that while participation has increased it still equates to only 4 in 10 completing their bowel screening test when it was sent to them in the mail," Ms Buchanan said.
"Cancer Council's goal is to see all regions across Australia have these high participation rates because we know that if we can increase participation across the country from 4 in 10 to 6 in 10, we could save 84,000 lives over the next 20 years.
"If you have the screening test at home and you're yet to complete it, please do the test now," Ms Buchanan added.
Today's announcement comes alongside new Australian Government funding for an ongoing campaign to get more people participating in bowel screening.
Ms Buchanan added, "Cancer Council is very pleased to be working with the Australian Government to get more people participating in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program and we hope the continued awareness from another campaign will help us in our mutual goal to achieve a cancer free future."
The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program delivers screening kits to the homes of eligible Australians aged 50-74 every two years. The test is free, quick and hygienic and can be completed at home and returned in the post.
Top 10 regions with the highest participation rates (2018-19)
Yorke Peninsula (SA) 57%
Fleurieu – Kangaroo Island (SA) 55.9%
Surf Coast – Bellarine Peninsula (VIC) 55.1%
Holdfast Bay (SA) 55.1%
Mitcham (SA) 53.8%
Augusta – Margaret River – Busselton (WA) 53.7%
Gippsland – East (VIC) 53.7%
Hobart – South and West (TAS) 53.2%
Gippsland – South West (VIC) 52.7%
Joondalup (WA) 52.6%
Regions with the greatest improvements in screening participation:
SA3 name Participation 2016-17 (%) Participation 2018-19 (%) Participation increase (%)
St Marys (NSW) 31.3 37.8 6.5
Gascoyne (WA) 33.7 40.1 6.4
Melbourne City (VIC) 34.9 40.3 5.4
Swan (WA) 38.2 43.2 5.0
Stonnington – West (VIC) 38.0 42.9 4.9
Brunswick – Coburg (VIC) 38.4 43.0 4.6
Palmerston (NT) 25.7 30.2 4.5
Kimberley (WA) 22.6 27.1 4.5
Yorke Peninsula (SA) 52.5 57.0 4.5
Gosford (NSW) 39.2 43.6 4.4
New research shows menthol in tobacco products keeps smokers hooked
5 in 6 Aussie teens not meeting the recommended guidelines for physical activity

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: What does `&'a mut` mean when in the impl definition outside the generic parameter space? For example, we seem to have 3 different implementations of the IntoIterator trait for HashMap in the Rust std lib.
impl<'a, K, V, S> IntoIterator for &'a HashMap<K, V, S> {
  type Item = (&'a K, &'a V);
  type IntoIter = Iter<'a, K, V>;

  fn into_iter(self) -> Iter<'a, K, V> {
      self.iter()
  }
}

impl<'a, K, V, S> IntoIterator for &'a mut HashMap<K, V, S> {
  type Item = (&'a K, &'a mut V);
  type IntoIter = IterMut<'a, K, V>;

  fn into_iter(self) -> IterMut<'a, K, V> {
      self.iter_mut()
  }
}

impl<K, V, S> IntoIterator for HashMap<K, V, S> {
  type Item = (K, V);
  type IntoIter = IntoIter<K, V>;
}

What does &'a HashMap or &'a mut HashMap mean in this context, where it is appearing at the "class level" and outside of the <> angle brackets for generic parameters. I understand that & means take a reference, and 'a is a lifetime, and mut is for mutability, but under what contexts does it apply when defined like this? I am used to seeing those constructs in function parameters, but not here.

A: The impl keyword takes a unsafe? impl GenericParams? !? TypePath for Type as per the reference. If we break down your example:
impl<'a, K, V, S> IntoIterator for &'a HashMap<K, V, S>: We have <'a, K, V, S> being GenericParams, and IntoIterator being the TypePath. This means &'a HashMap<K, V, S> is a Type. notable, HashMap is not the type, the type is the full reference+lifetime+typename. If we look at an example such as:
let h = HashMap::new();
let rh = &h;

In this case rh will have type type &'a HashMap, and so the first implementation of the IntoIterator will apply to it.
Similarly &'a mut HashMap is a type. In an example such as:
let mut h = HashMap::new();
let mut rh = &h;

rh would be of type &'a mut HashMap.
Why do we want to have specialised implementations? If we look carefully we can see that a value returned by a mutable HashMap will be itself by mutable Item = (&'a K, &'a mut V);. Similarly, in case where your type is a reference to a HashMap, we deal with references to values and keys. So the implementation has a slightly different semantic, depending if the collection is a reference or mutable.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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This will prepare your readers as well as make them truly understand what your work is all about. From there, drill down to focus on primary sources by: 1. Stearns, Documents in World History, vol. What do you know about the author? If you need help on the technical aspects of writing, use the University Writing Center 569-8343 or On-Line Writing Lab. Barnet, A Short Guide to Writing About Art 9th edition, 2008 , pp. Currently DocSouth includes sixteen thematic collections of books, diaries, posters, artifacts, letters, oral history interviews, and songs. For short model essays of this type, take a look at the student essays from the site.
The relationship between art and religion intertwines as the portrayal of gods and goddesses in intriguing, evidently being metaphorical and very creative whilst still holding the symbolic quality. You may not use documents that are relatively common and widely known. The first aspect one should look at in deciding whether or not the source is primary is when it was written. Analyzing primary sources is an important component of historical study for historians and greatly furthers our understanding of historical events. What can the author's choice of words tell you? This is about how the evidences support the arguments and is it valid to the said statement.
V Primary Source Analysis 1763-1783 In the primary source below, the journal talks about a law being put into place into the colonies by the crown in London. Primary sources are available both online and in the library. Examples of plausible primary materials might include a letter where someone describes a new settlement or some interesting event or happening, an extended diary entry describing daily life at some period in the course, an account of a traveller describing their visit to some community, a political cartoon depicting some important issue or conflict, a newspaper account of some major event or disaster, a photograph of some interesting subject, or some sheet music that speaks to the values, beliefs, or ideas of people from the period. Because the majority of your paper will analyze one document, a separate bibliography is not required for this paper. They may be tricky to find at first. There are all kinds of potential documents related to business, politics, the emergence of science, medicine, religion, technology, sports, family, and just about anything else you can imagine. First a background of the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, then an explanation of the American Perspectives and finally, how one directly relates to the other.
Important note: a thesis statement does not have to be a single sentence. This article was written by George Orwell who wrote it in 1936 shortly following the imperialistic time period of Britain in India. Demonstrates that you have considered the following questions for your primary source: When was the source produced? Researching and Writing the Essay: T he essay should accomplish two goals. See the syllabus statement for further details. I think that this… Words 827 - Pages 4 religion were the basis of Egyptian culture. For this assignment, you should read and sometimes re-read the source s carefully and take notes as you read. Step 6 Inspect the physical document if it is available.
In order to pay for the expenses of the war several taxation acts and military presence were implemented such as the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Currency Act, Quartering Act and the presence of British troops at the colonies. Primary Source Analysis: The Communist Manifesto By Oliver Stearns B00559549 The Communist Manifesto discusses the political objectives of communists on behalf of the proletariat class. . Participants with appropriate intermediate to advanced language skills are encouraged to consider materials from the , The , the , or the. Understanding where a document comes from helps historians to understand what the document reveals about the history of a place or people. Do any of these factors make you feel skeptical about the trustworthiness of the source? Compare the primary source to secondary sources. Jot down the title of the movie and perhaps a short description of the scene.
Europeans thought that this theoretical application is effective due to the scarce population of Native American settlers in the area. You are encouraged to consult with the professor regarding a possible thesis statement. However, if you do not do a careful and thorough job, you might arrive at a wrong interpretation. An Autobiography Boston: Gold Mind, 1929 , 34-56. What can you learn from the form of the source? Sometimes, if a primary source was created even a little while after an event occurred, a person looking back on the event will have a different perspective than they would have had they created a source during an event. They were used until 1662. The relevance of the source used is also further expounded.
The essay gives a good sense of the soul, style, spirit, tone, mood, or rhetoric of the source. What important themes, trends, concepts, or consequences does it illustrate? Most importantly, proper footnoting helps focus your attention on how you think and what brought you to the conclusions you arrived at. Then, come up with a list of questions that you have about the source, and try to find answers in the text. What does it look like? Landsberger had collected Chinese propaganda posters and developed his collection into one of the largest private collections in the world. The source analysis essay is started with a brief introduction and or summary of the literary work or material that will be used in the paper. They have become a rich primary source dealing with many important subjects in contemporary Chinese history. If it is not in its original location, does the viewer see it as the artist intended? If it's a longer text, write a 5-10 word summary at the end of every paragraph or page to annotate the source.
V: Evaluation and Academic Integrity: E ssays will be evaluated on the accuracy and sophistication of their summary and contextualization. You might want to compare this document to others that are similar, or you might analyze reactions to it in past and present. Once you have completed a draft you are likely to find it useful to work through the process available on the Northwestern University writing center's website. Think about what you have read textbooks or heard in lectures on topics related to your primary source. How might this have influenced the content of the source? This statement will indicate what you think the essay will show.


text:
Home → Areas de Servicio
Áreas de Servicio en California
Abogado de Lesiones Personales en el Condado de Los Angeles Ca sirven las siguientes ciudades y comunidades del sur de California: Acton, Agoura Hills, Agua Dulce, Alhambra, Alondra Park, Altadena, Arcadia, Artesia, Avalon, Avocado Heights, Azusa, Baldwin Park, Bel Air, Bell, Bell Gardens, Bellflower, Beverly Hills, Bradbury, Burbank, Calabasas, Canoga Park, Canyon Country, Carson, Century City, Cerritos, Charter Oak, Chatsworth, Citrus, City of Industry, Claremont, Commerce, City of Commerce, Compton, West Covina, Cudahy, Culver City, Del Aire, Desert View Highlands, Diamond Bar, Downey, Duarte, Eagle Rock, East La Mirada, East Los Angeles Ca, East Pasadena, East Rancho Domiguez, East San Gabriel, El Monte, El Segundo, Elizabeth Lake, Encino, Florence-Graham, Gardena, Glendale, Glendora, Green Valley, Hacienda Heights, Hasley Canyon, Hawaiian Gardens, Hawthorne, Hermosa Beach, Hidden Hills, Huntington Beach, Huntington Park, City of Industry, Inglewood, Irwindale, La Cañada Flintridge, La Crescenta-Montrose, La Habra Heights, La Mirada, La Puente, La Verne, Ladera Heights, Laguna Hill, Lake Hughes, Lake Los Angeles, Lakewood, Lancaster, Lawndale, Lennox, Leona Valley, Little Rock, Lomita, Long Beach, Los Angeles, Lynwood, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, Marina del Rey, Mayflower Village, Mission Hill, Monrovia, Montebello, Monterey Park, Montrose, Newhall, North El Monte, North Hollywood, Northridge, Norwalk, Palmdale, Palos Verdes Estates, Palos Verdes Peninsula, Paramount, Pasadena, Pico Rivera, Pomona, Quartz Hill, Rancho Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Reseda, Rolling Hills Estates, Rose Hills, Rosemead, Rowland Heights, San Dimas, San Fernando, San Gabriel, San Marino, San Pasqual, San Pedro, Santa Clarita, Santa Fe Springs, Santa Monica, Sherman Oaks, Sierra Madre, Signal Hill, Simi Valley, South El Monte, South Gate, South Monrovia Island, South Pasadena, South San Gabriel, South San Jose Hills, South Whittier, Southern California, Stevenson Ranch, Studio City, Sun Village, Sylmar, Temple City, Thousand Oaks, Toluca Lake, Topanga, Torrance, Universal City, Val Verde, Valinda, Valley Glen, Valley Village, Vernon, View Park-Windsor Hills, Vincent, Walnut, Walnut Park, West Athens, West Carson, West Covina, West Hollywood, West Los Angeles, West Puente Valley, West Rancho Domiguez, West Whittier-Los Nietos, Westlake Village, Westmont, Westwood, Whittier, Willowbrook, Wilmington, Woodland Hills.
BEACH/AIRPORT: Del Rey, L.A. International Airport, Mar Vista, Marina Peninsula, Playa Del Rey, Playa Vista, Venice, Westchester
LAX CRESCENTA VALLEY: La Tuna Canyon, Lakeview Terrace, Shadow Hills, Sunland, Tujunga
DOWNTOWN/CENTRAL CITY: Arlington Heights, Boyle Heights, Brookside, Byzantine-Latino Quarter, Cahuenga Pass, Carthay, Chinatown/Historic LA, Central City East, Country Club Park, Downtown LA, East Hollywood, Echo Park, Elysian Park, Fremont Place, Griffith Park, Hancock Park, Harvard Heights, Historic Filipinotown, Historic West Adams, East Hollywood, Koreatown, La Brea, Hancock Park, Larchmont Village, Los Feliz, Maplewood-St. Andrews, Melrose, Mid-City, Mid-City West, Miracle Mile, Olympic Park, Picfair Village, Pico Park, Pico Union, Rampart Village, Redondo Sycamore, St. Andrews Square, Silver Lake, South Carthay, Sycamore Square, Western Heights, Western Wilton, Westlake, Wilshire Center, Wilshire Park, Wilshire Vista, Wilshire Vista Heights, Wilshire Square, Windsor Village
NORTHEAST: Atwater Village, Boyle Heights, Cypress Park, Eagle Rock, El Sereno, Elysian Valley, Glassell Park, Hermon, Highland Park, Lincoln Heights, Montecito Heights, Monterey Hills, Mt. Washington, Sycamore Grove, University Hills
SOUTH: Arlington Park, Baldwin Hills, Berkeley Square, Crenshaw, Crenshaw Manor, Historic West Adams, Hyde Park, Jefferson Park, Kinney Heights, Leimert Park, South Los Angeles Ca, Southeast Los Angeles Ca, University Park, Watts, West Adams, West Adams Terrace WESTSIDE: Bel Air, Beverly Crest, Beverly Glen, Brentwood, Century City, Cheviot Hills, Crestview, Pacific Palisades, Palms, Rancho Park, South Carthay, South Robertson, Topanga State Park, West Los Angeles Ca, Westside Village, Westwood


text:
Q: No implicit view available from AnyVal => org.scalacheck.Prop. [error] property I have 2 questions
I am trying to learn scalacheck
Question 1)
Here is the test I am writing which is throwing the error. Can you please point to which page from docmentation i should read to understand reason behind this error.
case class Student(name:String, age:Int, mathsScore:Int, scienceScore:Int){
  require(name != null ,"Name cannot be blank")
  require(age > 3 ,"Age should be more than 3")
  require(mathsScore >= 0 , "Score should not be negative")
  require(scienceScore >= 0 ,"Score should not be negative")

  val totalScore = mathsScore + scienceScore
}

Test is
object CaseStudySpecification extends Properties("Case Study Specification") {

  property("nullName") = forAll { (name: String, age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) =>
    if (name == null)
      Prop.throws(classOf[IllegalArgumentException]) {
        val x = Student(name, age, ms, ss)
      }
  }
}

Error is
 No implicit view available from AnyVal => org.scalacheck.Prop.
[error]   property("nullName") = forAll { (name: String, age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) =>
[error]                                 ^

Question 2)
The official documentation gives one example test class as
  property("stringLength") = Prop.forAll { s: String =>
    val len = s.length
    (s+s).length == len+len
  }

I also read that it can be written as
  val stringLength = Prop.forAll { s: String =>
    val len = s.length
    (s+s).length == len+len
  }

How can i run the second form of test code , as when i run sbt test nothing happens for second version.
Both of the above snippets are in
object Ch3 extends Properties("String") {

}

A: The signature of Prop.forAll being called requires a function returning Prop (or at least something that can be implicitly converted to Prop) but, as written, the function:
(name: String, age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) => {
  if (name != null) Prop.throws(...)
}

has an inferred signature of (String, Int, Int, Int) => AnyVal, and there does not exist an implicit conversion into a property. Hence the compilation error. The function could be trivially fixed by making sure it always returns a Boolean as follows:
property("nullName") = forAll { (name: String, age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) =>
  if (name == null) Prop.throws(classOf[IllegalArgumentException]) {
    Student(name, age, ms, ss)
  }
  else true
}

This results in the implicit Boolean => Prop function being applied, and the code compiles. A more idiomatic fix would be to rewrite the property using the implication operator:
property("nullName") = forAll { (name: String, age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) =>
  name == null ==>
    Prop.throws(classOf[IllegalArgumentException]) {
      Student(name, age, ms, ss)
    }
}

However it is not a good idea to reject too much of the generated input and since the very first value that scalacheck generates is in fact null, the property ends up as 'undecided' so the test still fails. You could just simplify your property to:
property("nullName") = forAll { (age: Int, ms: Int, ss: Int) =>
  Prop.throws(classOf[IllegalArgumentException]) {
    Student(null, age, ms, ss)
  }
}

As this isn't a scalacheck-specific problem but rather a general Scala one it isn't specifically covered in the scalacheck documentation; you can read up on implicit views for more background.


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THERE were two brothers, DatuDalu and Sangmaima. They were orphans. Their parents had died. The father was the master of healing. He had taught his skills in healing to his sons. The kids had learned very well and used the skills to help people.
Before their father died, he had inherited a spear to his sons. However, the tradition said that the oldest son could keep the spear. Therefore, DatuDalu was the one who kept the spear. Sangmaim could use it if DatuDalu allowed him.
Sangmaima loved hunting. He went to his brother's house to ask his permission to use the spear. His brother allowed him.
When he was in the jungle, Sangmaima saw a wild hog. He walked carefully and aimed the hog. He threw it very fast! The spear hit the hog! Sangmaima thought the hog died. He was wrong. The hog ran very fast. Unfortunately, the spear was still attached to its body.
Sangmaima was very panicky. He worried about the spear. The wild hog was bleeding, so he followed the blood trail and it led to a cave. He carefully went in side the cave. He saw an old woman and a girl. The girl was screaming in pain.
The girl saw Sangmaima coming.
She said, "Mother... That's the man who threw the spear at me."
He said, "No, I was throwing my spear at a wild hog not at you!"
The old woman said, "The wild hog was my daughter We are genies of the, jungle. We can change ourselves into anything. I'm sure you are looking for this spear. I will give it back to you but you have to heal my daughter said the old woman.
Sangmaima accepted the old woman's offer. He healed girl and after she was cured the old woman gave him the spear. Sangmaima immediately went back home.
DatuDalu was happy when his brother returned the spear safely. He had worried something bad had happened. To express his happiness, he held a great party. He invited lot of people, however he did not invite Sangmaima and that made him upset.
Sangmaima was also holding a party to balance his brother's party. There was a special performance. A girl was decorating her body like a bird. She danced beautifully.
DatuDalu saw the girl with bird's costume. He was impressed with her. He talked to Sangmaima.
"May I ask her to dance in my party tomorrow?"
Sangmaina said yes. On the following day, Sangmaima secretly went to DatuDalu's house. He asked the girl to leave DatuDalu's house. Later he asked his brother.
DatuDalu said, "She is still decorating herself."
"Where? I don't see her in this house," said Sangmaima.
DatuDalu did not believe what his brother said so he called for the girt. Well, it was useless. Sangmaima had asked her to leave.
Sangmaima was pretending to be angry. "Where is the girl? If you don't know where she is, you have to give me the spear!"
DatuDalu rejected his brother's idea. They were arguing and sadly they were fighting. DatuDalu threw a mortar for pounding rice toward Sangmaima. he missed it.
The mortar landed in a field and strangely it became a lake. People then named the lake as Si Losung Lake. Losung is from the word lesung or mortar.


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Maverick Farms DOT update 3/5/2013
Dear Maverick Farms Supporters,
We have been overwhelmed with the outpouring of support for Maverick Farms and our work in the community. We are proud to have so many supporters in so many places and will continue to fight to keep our land in production. At this point we are waiting to hear back from the DOT engineers, who said they will take a second look at their plans. This is not yet a moment of victory for us, but it does mean that YOUR support has given us more time and has made them pay attention. We need to keep the pressure on, and to that end, we will be printing and sending this petition on Friday, March 8 to send to Mr. Tata, Mr. Pettijohn, and Mr. Dishman so that they can see and feel the weight of our support (although they have been continously updated on the petition via email as well).
I'm including in this email a press release about the recent updates to the situation. Please don't hesitate to contact me if you have any questions or concerns and also note that we are planning an open house on March 23 for folks to see how the DOT's plan will affect our operation. We welcome folks from far and wide and hope to see many of your smiling faces there.
Thanks for all the love and support! We are working to stay productive in this season and the many more to come!
Hillary and the maverick farmers
Watauga County Commissioners Express Support of MaverickFarms as NC DOT Keeps Pressure On
Contact: Hillary Wilson, executive director, Maverick Farms, hillary@maverickfarms.com, 828 963 4656
VALLE CRUCIS, NC, March 5, 2013 — Maverick Farms' fight against a North Carolina Department of Transportation bridge-replacement plan that would destroy significant swath of farmland got a boost from the Watauga County Board of Commissioners on Tuesday, when the governing body passed a unanimous resolution of support for the farm.
"Maverick Farms is a vital asset to the community as an engine for sustainable agriculture, job training, and providing access to healthy, locally grown food," the resolution states. "The replacement and upgrades of the three bridges on Justus Road has the potential to significantly, if not totally, eliminate Maverick Farms' ability to provide agricultural products to the community and the revenue necessary to sustain the farm."
Noting that the commissioners had "received an outpouring of support for Maverick Farms and its continued operation," the resolution urges the NC DOT to "consider any and all options and alternatives to limit the impact on Maverick Farms."
The Watauga County Board of Commissioners' move comes on the heels of a Feb. 25 visit to MaverickFarms by NC Dept of Transportation (DOT) officials Mike Pettyjohn, district 11 engineer, from the North Wilkesboro office, and Ivan Dishman, division engineer based in Boone. At the meeting, the officials said that they were backing off a previous timeline on the bridge project.
On Feb. 5, Maverick Farms director Hillary Wilson had been informed by a private contractor working for the DOT that her family would receive a financial offer within one month on the property the state intended to claim—and face the option of either accepting the offer or seeing the land taken under eminent domain. At the Feb. 25 meeting, Pettyjohn and Dishman informed the Wilsons that they would take their concerns into consideration and modify the plan—meaning that the take-it-or-leave-it offer described in February has been delayed.
"We have a strong network here in the county of people we've worked with on various food-justice and educational projects, and our supporters rallied behind us, sending letters and calling the DOT and signing a petition," Wilson said. "We also have a strong national network, and people from all over the country made their voices heard, too." Wilson said an online petition demanding that the DOT not destroy the farmsfields had already received 1,500 signatures.
However, Wilson explained, the threat of the bridge project remains. The farm lies in what a DOT report has called "deep narrow valley" in Valle Crucis, hemmed in by hillsides and streams. A one-lane, unpaved, dead-end road cuts through the property, winding its way to a ridgetop. Despite these tight conditions, the county approved development of 140 house-lots up the road from the farm over the past 15 years, concentrated in two major developments, Hunters Ridge and Meadows at Valle Crucis. Homeowners up the road have been leading a push to pave the road for years, Wilson said, and the bridge project represents the fruition of their efforts.
In their meeting at Maverick, Pettyjohn and Dishman claimed that the bridges on Justus Road are "functionally obsolete and structurally deficient" simply because they are one-lane bridges—and will need to be replaced with dramatically larger bridges along with culverts that bury almost 150 feet of trout streams. In a phone conversation with Maverick Farms co-founder Tom Philpott, Dishman said that the "structurally deficient" assessment does not mean the bridges are unsafe—just that they require regular maintenance. "We dispute the idea that the bridges need to be replaced with larger ones," Wilson said.
She said that the family has offered the DOT right-of-way to build an alternate road along a ridgetop on their property that doesn't affect farm fields. She added that a more elegant solution to the traffic problem presented by intense development up the hill from the farm would be to connect Justus Road with Seven Devils Road. Seven Devils Road is a couple hundred feet from the top the private offshoot road servicing one of the developments at the end of Justus Road. Connecting Seven Devils and Justus Road would provide an alternate route to Highway 105 for residents of the Hunters Ridge and Meadows at Valle Crucis developments, as well as providing an outlet for Seven Devils Road.
Pettyjohn and Dishman said they would consider that option, but at the current time, the DOT only has funds budgeted for bridge projects. Currently, the agency has $820,000 budgeted for the three bridges project that affect Maverick Farms, plus another $270,000 for a bridge down the road from the Wilsons.
So despite the delay, "we are still very much under threat from the DOT," Wilson said. She added that thefarm will continue seeking support from local and national supporters. "We're not backing down," she said.
Over the years, Maverick Farms community partners have included Appalachian State University (departments include sustainable development, anthropology, sociology, history, biology, Appalachian Studies, and fermentation sciences), Warren Wilson College, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Appalachian District Health Department, FARM Cafe, Blue Ridge Women in Agriculture, Grandfather Home for Children, the Western Youth Network, Blue Mountain Center for the Healing Arts, Two Rivers Charter School, Mountain Pathways Montessori School, Karma Krew, Appalachian Sustainable Agricultural Project, Leola Street Community Garden, Hunger and Health Coalition, Hospitality House, Community Care Clinic, Watauga County Children's Council, Blue Ridge Conservancy, Valle Crucis Conference Center, Watauga County Cooperative Extension, Watauga County 4-H, Camp Lutherock, Duke University's TIP summer program, as well as the local Valle Crucis Elementary School.
The project has been profiled by Gourmet Magazine, The New York Times, and the New York Times Magazine, as well as many local and regional publications.
About Maverick Farms: Maverick Farms is a 501(c)3 educational non-profit dedicated to promoting familyfarming as a community resource and expanding access to healthy food by reconnecting local food networks in the High Country of North Carolina. In 2009, Maverick Farms launched High Country CSA (HCCSA), a multi-farm project that links area farmers and consumers. HCCSA is committed to being accessible to low-income community members—it accepts EBT benefits as payment and works with the Appalachian District Health Department, the Children's Coalition, and the Community Care Clinic to make subsidized shares available to low-income families. In 2012, HCCSA had 100 members. In 2012, Mavericklaunched a young farmer training project called the Farmer Incubator and Grower program, in conjunction with Appalachian State Community's Sustainable Development Department and the Valle Crucis Conference Center. In addition, Maverick Farms grows vegetables, meat, and eggs for sale at the Watauga County Farmers Market and the Banner Elk Farmers Market. Learn more at maverickfarms.com/orhttp://www.facebook.com/maverickfarmnc
March 5, 2013 July 7, 2015 Tom Philpott
Previous Post Feb. 27, 2013–NC DOT Delays Bridge Expansion at Maverick Farms, But Keeps Pressure On
Next Post Carolina Journal: DOT Bridge-Widening Project Threatens Iconic Farm Alternate routes being considered after public outcry


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History

During the early years of spaceflight only nation states had the resources to develop and fly spacecraft. Both the U.S. space program and Soviet space program were operated using mainly military pilots as astronauts. During this period, no commercial space launches were available to private operators, and no private organization was able to offer space launches.

In the 1980s, the European Space Agency created Arianespace, the world's first commercial space transportation company, and, following the Challenger disaster, the American government deregulated the American space transportation market as well. In the 1990s the Russian government sold their majority stake in RSC Energia to private investors (although it has recently renationalized the Russian space sector in 2013–2014.)
These events for the first time allowed private organizations to purchase, develop and offer space launch services; beginning the period of private spaceflight in the late-1980s and early-1990s.

Satellite manufacturers
There are 10 major companies that build large, commercial, Geosynchronous satellite platforms:

In addition to those above, the following companies have successfully built and launched (smaller) satellite platforms:

Launch vehicle manufacturers and providers of third party services

Commercial wings of national space agencies:
 Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation (AIDC) and Taiwan Aerospace Industry Association (TAIA) Taiwan
 Antrix Corporation India
 China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation China
Aerockets

Lander, rover and probe manufacturers

Spacecraft component manufacturers

Propulsion manufacturers

See also
List of private spaceflight companies including only companies with primarily private funding and missions ("NewSpace")
Russian aerospace industry

References

spacecraft manufacturers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Hop on over to Walmart.com or Amazon (ships w/ $25+ order) and score this Nerf Zombie Strike Crosscut Blaster for just $6.98 (regularly $14.99)!
This 2-in-1 action dart-firing blaster fires one dart at a time and includes the blaster and four Zombie Strike darts.
Does anyone know if you can purchase additional darts?
We have bought additional darts off of Amazon before. They were not overly expensive, which is good at the rate the dogs rip them apart.


Dr. Andrew Tidball's work in the Parent lab involves modeling severe genetic epilepsies in neurons from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. He uses gene-editing techniques to generate isogenic controls and "virtual" patient iPS cell lines that he differentiates into neurons for functional analysis. In this webinar, Dr. Tidball discusses current and potential uses of iPS cells for modeling epilepsies, how to develop different iPS cell-based model systems, as well as the key advantages and drawbacks of using these model systems.


I started hiking up to this mountain around 6am, because I wanted to catch the sunrise. With my guitar, camera, and drone strapped to my back I made my way up the switch backs as each step was creating fire in each of my legs. I made it to this point (picture above) around 9 am. About an hour after sunrise, but the sun was still looking awesome. Well, as I was preparing to take some pictures and videos, the box that had my drone in it slid down the mountain like it was competing in a luge competition. Well, luckily it was in a box, so I knew the contents would probably be fine. What I didn't know was the area that it landed was so packed with tall grass that it took me almost 2 hours to find it. So, very tired and weary I took a few pictures and started walking down the mountain. I decided about 30 mins later to stop and make a video, here is that video below. enjoy!


Eligibility The required minimum qualification for admission to Ph.D program shall be MHA/PGDHM from any recognized Indian or Foreign University, with a minimum of 55% marks or Equivalent Grade.
M.Sc. Food & Nutrition/ Food Sc. & Tech/ Nutrition/ Nutrition & Dietetics/ Public Health Nutrition/ Institutional Management & Dietetics / Dietetics & Food Service Management with a minimum of 55% marks or equivalent grade point average.


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Watch The Strokes play Saturday Night Live
Lou | November 1, 2020 | The New Abnormal | No Comments
The Strokes performed on Saturday Night Live last night (31 October 2020). It was the band's first performance on the show since they promoted Angles in 2011. This time around The Strokes played Bad Decisions and The Adults Are Talking from latest album The New Abnormal.
The Strokes Performing The Adults Are Talking on SNL (31 October 2020)
The Strokes Performing Bad Decisions on SNL (31 October 2020)
https://twitter.com/nbcsnl/status/1322783093405732864
The Strokes and John Mulaney End Credits on Saturday Night Live (31 October 2020
Tags:Bad Decisions, Saturday Night Live, SNL, The Adults Are Talking, The New Abnormal, The Strokes, TV Performances
The Strokes The New Abnormal Review Round-up
The Strokes unveil new song
The Strokes release new song and video for At The Door
The Strokes release new single and video Bad Decisions
Watch The Strokes play Saturday Night Live posted on November 1, 2020
The Strokes talk to The Times posted on April 11, 2020
The Strokes The New Abnormal Official Lyrics posted on April 10, 2020
The Strokes preview The New Abnormal posted on April 10, 2020
The Strokes launch lockdown video series posted on April 9, 2020
Bad Decisions Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5fbZTnZDvPA
At The Door VIdeo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CAz_vvsK9M
Buy The New Normal
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Two things are certain for us this time each year: "Watch of the Year" grand finale and the weather, so depressing and nothing like a famous, golden Polish autumn. Those two things are as sure as a precise Swiss watch, and it was so again, when first guests landed on Warsaw's Chopin Airport in the morning of 20th October. Fortunately their comfort and convenience were taken care of by our partner – Porsche Inter Auto Polska – while we could focus all our attention on the evening's ceremony, traditionally held at Sobanski's Palace (in front of which there was a brand new Panamera presented, for the first time in Poland).
Elegant, neo-renaissance villa, raised in the second half of XIX century, was our home for 6 out of 7 previous galas, and the Polish Business Roundtable Club became official partner of the event. The event would not be possible without our regular partners: Polish Watch and Clocks Collectors Club and the Manager MBA magazine. Media partnership was again, for the second year in a raw, provided by Esquire Polska, while the delicious cousin and drinks provided by Amber Room and Martell, represented by our great friend and all-round classy gentleman Dariusz Fabrykiewicz.
From the beginning and very first "WOTY" gala, the biggest such event in Poland, we wanted it to be a casual yet classy evening for the watch industry and friends, without an unnecessary posh and formality. Having said that each edition begins with awards ceremony and winners presented with hand-made, artistic statuettes. You can see all the results of this year's "WOTY" on the official website www.zegarekroku.pl/en, and during the evening two final laureates: Special Jury Prize and Grand Prix, were unveiled.
The first one went to the man, who is commonly (and very rightly) perceived as one of the geniuses of watch marketing. Jean-Claude Biver, gentleman with charisma and energy that we would all love to have, revived the dying Blancpain manufacture, placed Omega watch on James Bond's wrist, build the power an pop-cultural phenomenon of Hublot to finally take helm of the LVMH watch department. Nowadays Biver is not only responsible of all the watch brands within the group but also became the new CEO of TAG Heuer. In his scars private time he also passionately collects watches, with a set of vintage PP that anyone would easily kill for, not to mention great wines collection and private farm in Swiss Alps, making delicious cheese. Unfortunately Mr. Biver could not be with us In Warsaw, so his special award was collected by Sebastian Rusak from TAG Heuer Polska.
The main "WOTY" prize – Grand Prix – is always selected from among all the 6 categories winners. The Big winner not only receives a golden statuette but also a "Best of the Best" status, de facto the best all-round timepiece of the year. 2016 will be quite a memorable year for Bart and Tim Grönefeld. In their small hometown of Oldenzaal very limited number of precisely crafted watches is brought to life every year. Not more than 45 pieces leave the manufacture, including the newest 1941 Remontoire. Quite a minimalistic, traditionally styled piece has one of the most beautiful movements I've ever seen, finished with utmost precision in every smallest detail, and with a constant force device build in.
Grönefeld 1941 Remontoire (some live picture to be found HERE) is the 2016 "Watch of the Year" Grand Prix laureate.
The Grönefeld brothers returned home with one more trophy – the best "Classic Watch". The "sports Watch" category went to Vacheron Constantin Overseas Chronograph, and prize was collected by Sarah Schroeder, PR Manager.
"Complicated Watch" of 2016 belongs to A. Lange & Söhne and the Datograph Perpetual Tourbillon. The prize went to Glashutte in the hands of Mark Stelzer, Senior PR Manager of the brand. Best "Innovation in Watchmaking" of 2016 is Bulgari Octo Finissimo Minute Repeater, the thinnest mechanical repeating watch in the world. The statuette was presented to Pascal Brandt, PR & Events Senior Manager Watches. On-the-budget best timepiece of the year is a Seiko PADI SRPA21 Automatic Diver's. On behalf of the Japanese watchmakers the prize went to Patricio Testart, Marketing & Sales Manager. The "Ladies Watch" of the year will, for the next 12 months, belong to Urwerk UR-106 Lotus. Yacine Sar Terrettaz could not be with us during the evening, so we'll deliver the prize to Geneva soon.
There is another special prize, no less important than the Grand Prix or the Special Jury Prize. "Public Prize" is the annual voice of you, our dear reader. This time we receive a whopping 8.000+(!) votes, but the winner remains unchanged since three consecutive years. Longines went with a quite an overwhelming social media campaign to promote their watch, and if you add the popularity of the brand in Poland and an unquestionable charm of the simple yet stylish Heritage RailRoad, the recipe for success is guaranteed. The prize once again went to always happy and enthusiastic Leszek Pilch, Brand Manager Longines Polska.
Our host for the gala was Rafał Jemielita, and the awards were presented by jury members: Jan Lidmansky, Miguel Seabra, Frank Geelen, Dariusz Chlastawa, Jakub Filip Szymaniak, Tomasz Jakubas and finally yours-truly CH24.PL – Tomasz Kiełtyka and Łukasz Doskocz. Over 100 invited guests that attended the evening proves, that the concept of the "Watch of the Year" fits perfectly into the development of still modest Polish watch scene.
We thank a lot all the people and brands involved in successful 7th edition of "Watch of the Year", and already invite everyone for the 8th "WOTY", coming next year.


Episode 365 of the 10-Minute Teacher Podcast From the Cool Cat Teacher Blog by Vicki Davis Follow @coolcatteacher on Twitter. Stop, Screenshot, Block, Tell and Share – Free Internet Safety Poster. Safely Involve Students in Social Media and More Student Voice Tips. The company who sponsored it compensated me via cash payment, gift, or something else of value to include a reference to their product.


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"Winning Games" Reason Headley Signed With Yankees
Chase Headley is tired of losing.
That's the reason he gave when asked Monday why he chose to re-sign with the Yankees for four years and $51 million, in spite of the fact the club's in the midst of its longest playoff drought in over two decades. He said he feels the Yankees grant him a good chance to win, at least compared to his old team the Padres.
"The first consideration in my decision was winning baseball games and hopefully winning a world championship," Headley told ESPN.com's Wallace Matthews. "I've never been in the playoffs in my entire career, so a two-year drought is a lot in New York, but coming from San Diego where we haven't made the playoffs I thought this was the place that was going to give me the best opportunity, year in and year out, to have a chance to win a championship."
That logic doesn't appear to make much sense, as the Yankees are coming off their worst year since 1992. They went just 84-78 in 2014, 12 games out of first place.
Yet Headley seems to genuinely want to play for them, something clearly shown by his recent turning down of a larger offer.
"We did have a larger offer," he said. "I'm not going to get into specifics. We left some money on the table to be where I wanted to be, and that was New York. It was the best offer for myself and for my family. It was very attractive."
Yankees GM Brian Cashman confirmed Tuesday Alex Rodriguez will be their DH next season, so it's possible part of the attractiveness Headley is referring to has to do with the guarantee he'll start at third base. Prior to his suspension for alleged steroid use last year, Rodriguez manned the hot corner for New York, leading some to think he'd keep the job.
But really, it's not a huge surprise he won't. Headley was an elite defender for the Yankees while Rodriguez was gone last season, and, considering he's 30 and Rodriguez is 39, it's a safe bet he's also a bit more athletic.
Posted by Jack Niemuth at 6:22 PM
Labels: Alex Rodriguez, Brian Cashman, Chase Headley, New York Yankees, San Diego Padres
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Film and Hollywood / Homepage / Reviews / Movie Reviews
The Greatest Conservative Films: The Dark Knight Rises (2012)
By Eric M. Blake September 27th, 2018, 7:00 EDT
"Let's not stand on ceremony here…Mr. Wayne."
When Andrew Klavan wrote his groundbreaking review for The Dark Knight, it was met with a lot of mockery. "Come on. Batman and Bush? Really?" But when Christopher Nolan brought out this follow-up…suddenly those Leftists weren't laughing so much. Much as they still struggled to deny it (looking for every laughable excuse in the book)…well, Nolan all but came out of the closet, with The Dark Knight Rises. He hasn't "crossed the line", though. Not quite.
I will say this: Rush got targeted for mockery himself, over this film—having only heard bits and pieces about it before its release, he expressed concern that the villain's name "Bane" would be used by the Left in conjunction with Mitt Romney's old Wall Street firm, Bain Capital.
Of course…as he pointed out post-release, some Lefties actually did exactly that—so in the end, he was dead-on right. (He did make sure to note the Conservatism of the film, by the way.) Still, it does serve as an object lesson for Conservatives—especially if they ever want to comment in any way about pop culture. Namely, know everything there is to know about the piece of pop culture you're discussing. It's the Culture War, folks—as Ra's Al Ghul taught Bruce, "Always mind your surroundings."
For the record, the comic book writers who'd first created Bane publically endorsed Mitt Romney as America's real-life Bruce Wayne. Even in hindsight, they may not have been far wrong. I sincerely doubt Bruce, with that public persona of his, would've won the election—everyone seeing him as "privileged", "out-of-touch", and "unlikable."
So is the modern Hitchcock a closeted Tory? Perhaps even…a Friend Of Abe?
Oh, who knows? All we know is, as Glenn Beck noted, Nolan either does see the world the same way we do…or at the very least, "[He's] read The Coming Insurrection".
Before I go on, there are MAJOR SPOILERS for those who haven't seen the film. You've been warned.
Editor's Note: In April of 2017 writer Eric M. Blake began a series at Western Free Press naming the "Greatest Conservative Films." The introduction explaining the rules and indexing all films included in the series can be found here. Liberty Island will feature cross-posts of select essays from the series with the aim of encouraging discussion at this cross-roads of cinematic art with political ideology. (Click here to see the original essay. Check out the previously cross-posted entries on Jackie Brown, Captain America: The First Avenger, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, Captain America: Civil War, Unforgiven, Hail, Caesar!, Apocalypse Now, Fight Club, Man of Steel, Batman v. Superman: Dawn Of Justice ULTIMATE EDITION, Wonder Woman, Kill Bill, Gran Torino, and The Dark Knight.) If you would like join this dialogue please contact us at submissions [@] libertyislandmag.com.
WHY IT'S A CONSERVATIVE FILM:
This time, it was the great Ben Shapiro ("Thug Life™!") who broke down the Conservatism of The Dark Knight Rises. Being Ben Shapiro, it was a quick and rapid-fire rundown.
I'm no Ben Shapiro, of course. My analysis tends to be a bit more, well, drawn out. So…here we go:
THE DENT ACT:
As The Dark Knight ended, it seemed as if Batman would continue his crime-fighting efforts as a rogue—on the run from the cops, but still doing what had to be done. As this movie begins, Batman's last confirmed sighting was…the night of the Joker's defeat and Harvey Dent's tragic fall.
It seems Bats hasn't needed to continue his fight, in the interim—thanks in large part to an Act passed in Dent's name. Nothing's specified, but we're meant to get the idea that it's a kind of PATRIOT Act for the police, something akin to Rudy Giuliani's policies that allowed the NYPD under his governorship to clean up New York City.
And Gotham has been cleaned up, and it's enjoyed a period of peace without arch-criminals…except for a certain classy cat burglar. That's about to change, of course. But in the meantime, Gotham just hasn't needed Batman, one way or another.
And despite how Bane deconstructs the actions necessary to lead to the Dent Act…events prove that the ends did indeed justify the means, as the criminals he releases go out to terrorize the city. As Commissioner Gordon explains to his protege, Detective John Blake:
"There's a point, far out there, when the structures fail you—when the rules aren't weapons anymore—they're shackles, letting the bad guy get ahead. One day, you may face such a moment of crisis—and in that moment, I hope you have a friend like I did! To plunge their hands into the filth, so that you can keep yours clean!"
While Blake doesn't buy it at first…he comes to realize that Gordon's right, after all.
CATWOMAN'S "ROBIN HOOD" COMPLEX:
Just to get this out of the way: popular phraseology notwithstanding, none of the versions of the "Robin Hood" legend (at least not that I'm aware of) have him "robbing the rich to feed the poor"—at least, not "the rich" per se. Technically, the arrow-shooting outlaw "robs" the tyrannical government, to feed the overtaxed populace whose money it was in the first place. Still, as Ayn Rand noted in Atlas Shrugged, that's not how people tend to remember it. And so, we had Jesse James rationalizing his crimes in the Old West with his Robin Hood image. We have do-gooders on the Left, of course. We have self-proclaimed "big Lefty" Green Arrow dressing up like Robin for obvious reasons. And here, we have Catwoman—as Bruce amusedly notes to her.
"I take what I need from those who have more than enough. I don't stand on the shoulders of people with less."
"Robin Hood?"
"I think I'd do more to help someone than most of the people in this room. Than you."
"…You think maybe you're assuming a little too much?"
Indeed, Selina. Class envy at work…and class warfare isn't far behind….
"You think all this can last? There's a storm coming, Mr. Wayne. You and your friends better batten down the hatches, 'cause when it hits—you're all gonna wonder how you ever thought you could live so large, and leave so little for the rest of us."
Bruce notes that Selina seems eager for it—and indeed, she is…at first.
IN DEFENSE OF WALL STREET:
Bane reveals himself to Gotham through what was, at the time (2012, remember) the ultimate Leftist fantasy: An attack on the Stock Exchange. He does it at once to make a statement that We Are Coming…and (as it turns out) to cause Bruce to become (temporarily, before the fraud's proven) broke, to manipulate him into desperately handing over his company to Miranda Tate. More on that, later.
Foley, the officer apparently in charge while Gordon's hospitalized, isn't too eager to fight this battle. Cue the following exchange with a stock trader.
"I'm not risking my men for your money."
"It's not our money—it's everybody's."
"Really? Mine's in my mattress."
"You don't put these guys down, that stuffing in your mattress might be worth a whole h—l of a lot less."
Exactly. Most of the people who hate Wall Street don't have a clue what it really is, what it does, and how valuableit really is for creating jobs, developing societies, and lifting whole countries out of poverty. (Just look at those old "We Agree" commercials for Chevron, especially the "Angola" one.)
Or worse, as Batman might say: "They know. They just don't care."
(Incidentally, Foley's pretty much obsessed with the wrong priorities throughout the film—like going after Batman instead of Bane. The unlikable cop, by sheer coincidence, is the Lefty of the group. A little heavy-handed, perhaps…but I love it, myself. He does redeem himself, in the end…sort of.)
For Selina's part, we do see the roots of a change in her attitude….
"Mr. Wayne…? I'm sorry they took all your money."
"…No you're not."
In Bruce's defense, it's exactly what Miss Kyle needed to hear. She still has a lot to learn…as she discovers when she learns just who Bruce Wayne is….
OCCUPY GOTHAM:
Here's the biggest one. The villains' master stroke involves bringing about "the next era of Western Civilization"…couched with precisely the rhetoric of those self-proclaimed advocates of "the 99%": the Occupy Movement.
I don't blame you if it's a little difficult to remember just how disturbing it all was. When Obama got reelected, the movement quietly disappeared, their service complete in rallying people against the rich just enough for a vast majority of Americans to believe Obama just cared about them more than Romney.
But as the movie came out, the Occupiers were at the height of their chaos. Nolan himself apparently gave Very Serious Thought to filming some footage of said "protests" to put in Rises. Ultimately, he didn't…but his consideration does mean something. Christian Bale himself apparently seemed quite surprised at just how eerilyreality paralleled the film.
For the record, the actual plot point was thought up before the movement really exploded too much—apparently it was inspired by the French Revolution. This, however, just makes it all the more powerful. Bane proclaims a false "freedom" and "power to the people", railing specifically against the rich and "myths of opportunity"…and with them, the institutions of law and order, as he frees the "oppressed" criminals arrested under the Dent Act.
Spoils will be enjoyed!"—mansions are trashed, the well-off are thrown out into the streets, and the beautiful becomes decimated. And Selina Kyle can only look on, crushed at what her ideals have brought about. And lest Selina excuse herself with "Bane's doing it wrong!"…her sidekick—Holly Robinson in the comics, "Jen" in the movie subtitles—doesn't see it that way:
"This was someone's home."
"And now? It's everyone's home! 'There's a storm coming', remember?—This is what you wanted."
Selina can only shake her head in disgust.
STRENGTH IN "PRIVILEGE":
When Bruce first tries—and fails—to escape the prison pit, the explanation a fellow prisoner gives is that "the child" who did escape was "no ordinary child: A child born in hell. Forged from suffering. Hardened by pain. Not a man from privilege."
Indeed, Mirada has a similar perspective, the frankly Marxist notion that there's something inherently strengthening—and noble—about poverty, and weakening (physically and morally) about being born into wealth. Bane, for his part, is flabbergasted at the thought that Bruce could possibly escape as "the child" did.
Of course, Bruce did suffer as a child, losing his parents as he did. But recall how Falcone taunted him in Batman Begins to the effect that that's nothing compared to life on the streets.
And yet, as Ra's taught Bruce, that's all nonsense: "The will is everything! The will to act."
Bruce is weakened for much of Rises, only because he's lost that will he once had. But once he gets it back, he doesescape—tossing a rope down for the other prisoners. And then, he turns the tables on Bane, beating him to a pulp. Poverty and privilege has nothing to do with it. And as Shapiro pointed out:
"[I]n The Dark Knight Rises…those who grow up poor are held to the same moral standard as those who grow up rich. …Wealth is not an automatic moral failing in TDKR. It's a tool to be used for good or evil. And Batman uses it for good."
THE TRUE "EVIL RICH":
At some point, between movies, Miranda Tate came to Wayne Enterprises for investments in her new reactor technology—a "clean-energy project". Bruce had eagerly invested much of the company's funds into the project…until he read a study on how the reactor could easily become dangerous, in the wrong hands. Over the course of the film's events, his fears are realized.
Speaking of Miranda…note carefully her lines at the costume ball. When Bruce explains that he has no patience for virtue-signaling people who want to excuse their wealth by donating to false charity (Clinton Foundation, anyone?), Tate makes clear that the ball's proceeds would go "where they should", as she covered the expenses. Her reasoning? "You have to invest, if you want to restore balance to the world."
A nice bit of foreshadowing, in many ways. Obviously, it links to Ra's Al Ghul's philosophy for the League Of Shadows. But beyond that…it ties into Rand's warning (again in Atlas) to beware those who proclaim the hardest how "altruistic" they are, and/or much they "don't care about" money—the do-gooders who "justify" their wealth by being "selfless", "humanitarians" advocating for "equality" and so forth. That tends to be a cover for something far more sinister. Hello, George Soros…hello, Lex Luthor…and hello, Miranda Tate.
Meanwhile, Roland John Daggett, Bruce Wayne's business-world nemesis (originally introduced in the legendary animated series) is a contractor for city infrastructure projects. Aside from "hiring" Bane, he's also guilty of hiring kids abandoned by orphanages to work underground on his projects. Of course, Bane's making the projects structurally unsound, so as to seal off Gotham from the world….
Shapiro contends this is a swipe against corporatism. I'm not too sure—it's not particularly overt…but it's hinted at enough to be worth considering, at least.
FOR BONUS POINTS:
Bruce is an idealist…but notice a little detail in his own charity. The funds of the Wayne Foundation supporting Gotham's orphanages are linked to…the profits of Wayne Enterprises. As Alfred notes, there have to be profits for that to work out. Bruce's charity, then, isn't a "selfless sacrifice"—he's an orphan himself, so he has an emotional vested interest; and further, he knows darn well that charity is meaningless (at best) without a robust Capitalist engine to finance it.
After Wayne's effectively robbed by Bane and left broke, a reporter calls out, "How does it feel to be one of the people, Wayne?" No…no bias at all.
Eventually, the U.S. President sends in some special forces disguised as relief workers to join up with Gordon and company…with the intention of securing the bomb, and then essentially waiting it out because they can't risk the villains pushing the trigger. After Fox and Tate explain to the crew how the bomb's instability means it will blow up anyway, trigger or no trigger, if they wait too long, Detective Blake adds, "So your appeasement plan might not be as practical as you thought."
Later said appeasement leads right to an inability to evacuate the city—much to the rage of Detective Blake.
Catwoman repeatedly chides Batman for his vehement refusal to use guns. She gives one last dig right after stopping Bane—by gunning him down.
There's something deeply…meaningful in Bane's famous monologue to Bruce about the torment of false hope—and how he intends to break all of Gotham through the promise of "hope". A stretch? Well…who knows? It's pretty much the kind of dark joke I would've made, on a certain then-president….
WHY IT'S A GREAT FILM:
The Dark Knight Rises had the unfortunate scenario of following up perhaps the greatest superhero movie of all time. As such, like Return Of The Jedi following up The Empire Strikes Back, the only way it could've possibly avoided any label of "disappointing" would've been to somehow…top that! And like Return Of The Jed, such a tall order was…pretty much impossible.
The truth is, Rises nonetheless deserves status as a truly great film. Maybe not as great as The Dark Knight, but be honest: that's a very…VERY high standard. Not every movie's Casablanca—they don't have to be, to still be great.
Maybe it has to do with the politics of Rises being the most "open" and overt of the whole trilogy: Batman Begins is Conservative-friendly—The Dark Knight is Conservative via parable…and The Dark Knight Rises is utterly, completely, you-have-to-be-blind-in-order-to-miss-it Conservative, with no real "excuse". It's the film every Conservative "message movie" wants to be. And that's both a blessing and a curse.
Meanwhile…it can't be overemphasized how important an opening shot is—and for Rises, it's a powerful image of Gary Oldman's Commissioner Gordon in what seems to be an "anniversary" memorial of Harvey Dent—immediately putting us in the right sort of mood, as the memories of the tragedy of The Dark Knight come flooding in. And then…fade to black—and open on the introduction of the new threat to Gotham City….
THE MAGNIFICENT TOM HARDY AS BANE:
At the risk of sounding like a hipster, I've admired Tom Hardy long before he was "cool"—I'm one of the apparent few who loved the criminally underrated Star Trek: Nemesis, in which Hardy masterfully played a young counterpart to The Magnificent Sir Patrick Stewart. (Interestingly, Hardy's "renaissance" seems to have caused people to go back and re-evaluate Nemesis. Better late than never…I suppose….)
Here, he plays the single worthiest opponent Batman has ever faced—straight from the comics, the one villain who actually did defeat Batman (temporarily, of course). And in the process, he and Nolan wipe away the memory of the "dumb muscle" Bane of Batman & Robin. This Bane is the master strategist comic fans know and love, carefully planning bit-by-bit his conquest and destruction of Gotham—anticipating just about everything…much like Batman himself.
At once massive and burly, and affably eloquent—he intimidates and manipulates, all at the same time. His monologues are both chilling and charismatic, and very quotable. And we can believe he inspires loyalty in his men—to the point of martyrdom.
In the meantime, mask or no, he's quite expressive, if his eyes are any indication. My favorite example immediately follows a powerful demonstration of Hardy's sheer presence…through merely resting the side of his hand on Daggett's shoulder. When Daggett mutters out, "I've paid you a small fortune," Bane's eyes gives a look of honest bewilderment as he replies, "And this gives you…power over me…?"
ANNE HATHAWAY AS SELINA KYLE AKA CATWOMAN:
There was a time when we only knew Anne Hathaway as Princess Mia—diaries and all. Yeah, she did some other stuff, but Brokeback Mountain wasn't exactly "wide audience". And Nolan used this "image" issue to great effect. For much of Selina's introduction, she seems every bit the sweet and innocent "girlish" type…until Bruce Wayne deduces to her face that she's just stolen his mother's necklace. And then, in a split second, we see something subtly change in her face…and with a single word, Ms. Hathaway showed us all just why she was so perfect for the role, after all:
And then she catches him off guard—trips him, and elegantly climbs up into the window, bids him au revoir…and leaps out. Just like a cat.
As I've said before, Nolan is a devoted aficionado of Film Noir…and as such, this Catwoman is every bit the old-school femme fatale. Beautiful, classy, sexy, confident, and cool…at once a man's fantasy and nightmare. And in the end, she does have a heart of gold…and she's vulnerable to hurt. What she really wants, more than anything, is to clear herself of her past—and when Daggett "reveals" that what she wants doesn't exist, her voice fills with tears as she cries out "YOU'RE LYING!"
As her arc goes on, she discovers that she wants to be good—what she's really after isn't escape, but redemption. Just like, in his own way, Bruce Wayne.
Maybe that's why they're so perfect for each other—they understand each other, in a way Bruce and Rachel never could. Bruce and Selina walk the line…and here, they rescue each other from the brink.
And thusly, Selina gains what she truly desire. This princess has a happy ending, after all.
She even gets to keep the pearls.
CHRISTIAN BALE AS BRUCE WAYNE AKA BATMAN—ONE LAST TIME:
Batman hasn't been needed for eight long years. And Rachel's death has left Bruce Wayne deeply scarred, believing there's no life left for him post-Batman. Such leads him into conflict with Alfred…and arguably it's what keeps him from taking Bane's strengths—and his own weaknesses—as seriously as he should.
This is Bruce's final arc—to get rid of what Rocky Balboa would call "the stuff in the basement". Whatever's keeping him from moving on with his life, he needs to uncover it, and overcome it. And as his fellow prisoners in the pit make clear, it's simply the fact that he's lost the desire to stay alive.
And we feel along with him. We cringe at the breaking of his back—and at his struggle to recover. And when he finally does…and when the bats come out once more, symbolically restoring to him the will of Batman—it's right before he makes the jump, and escapes the pit. As the fellow prisoners cheer, we cheer with them.
And we really cheer when Batman leads the charge to restore order, and beats the living crap out of Bane. I can still remember the catharsis I felt at that moment, watching the film for the first time—just how satisfying it was as Bane now found himself broken:
"TELL ME WHERE THE TRIGGER IS—then…you have my permission to die!"
We're with Bruce, because we connect with him. And we're happy for him, when he gets his happy ending. He's earned it.
And Gotham gets its happy ending, too—and at last, they once again know who to honor and thank for it.
JOSEPH GORDON-LEVITT AS JOHN BLAKE AKA ROBIN RICHARD "DICK" GRAYSON
Yeah, he's Dick Grayson. The "reveal" in the end that his legal name was "Robin" is a clue to it, of course—and there's also the issue that he's a cop, which the comics establish as Dick's "day job" for a time. There's also him being a young adult, as opposed to a kid. And his seeming chemistry with Selina, in their one actual scene together. (Catwoman's flirted with Dick, on occasion.)
That being said, his heart-to-heart when he introduces himself to Bruce gives a nod to the other two "main" Robins, as well—for Jason Todd, his line about bottling up his anger; for Tim Drake, the fact that Blake was able to reason out Batman's identity.
JGL brings a "ruthless innocence" (as Rand would put it) to his role—at once tough, dry-witted, and hard-boiled…and highly idealistic and black-and-white in his worldview. (Meaningfully, when a gun of Blake's accidentally kills a bad guy, he throws it away in disgust.) Blake's a bit of a hero-worshipper, for both Bruce Wayne ("billionaire orphan") and Batman…and he makes it clear, in the aforementioned exchange, that he knows darn well what Bruce is going through, right now. And so, it is he who sounds the call, challenging Bruce, to his face, to return.
A friendship soon forms, with Bruce—and Batman—mentoring Blake a bit on what it means to wear a mask, and fight crime solo. Bit by bit, we see Blake molded into someone worthy to take the torch, once it's passed.
He doesn't become Robin, per se—both Bale and Nolan made it clear they'd no interest in going there. Rather, Blake/Grayson becomes Batman II…or Nightwing, if you like. And as he inherits the cave…the bats swarm around him, accepting him into this fate.
THE TWIST OF TALIA:
Marion Cotillard has an interesting turn as Miranda Tate—aka Talia Al Ghul. It's the kind of twist one would see coming a mile away—a new character thrust in front of us with no seeming comic counterpart. Except, of course, we've just had two movies with Rachel Dawes—who turned out to be…Rachel Dawes. And Nolan carefully disguises "Miranda's" role, with her struggling and fighting alongside Fox and Gordon and other heroes—to the point where a first-time viewer might wonder if she's being set up for a pairing with Fox….
Still, like any good twist, pay close attention to the rewatch. Take note of all the lines about Bane's past—and the story of the child…and you'll notice just how much doesn't add up. Perhaps, those of you who had been paying close attention would've found yourself wondering if the screenwriters had missed several continuity bugs…or maybe it's just that we're seeing Bruce revising his picturing of the stories' events as he learns more…or something….
THE REST OF THE CAST:
Gary Oldman and Morgan Freeman return with full gravitas as Commissioner Gordon and Lucius Fox. Fox has quite a few great moments, like showing Bruce the Bat-plane "anyway" (as if seeing right through that "retirement" talk), or teasing him about his new girlfriend, Catwoman. And foreshadowing Bruce's trials to come, we see Gordon recovering from his own injuries—both outside and in. As Batman let him know, for their last goodbye:
"A hero can be anyone. Even a man doing something as simple and reassuring as putting a coat around a young boy's shoulders, to let him know the world hadn't ended."
And with that revelation to Gordon, of who Batman is—I admit to getting a little misty-eyed in the theater.
Michael Cain is also excellent in his last turn as Alfred—here driven to a breaking point. I must admit, though: a major thing I took issue with, in this movie, is the fact that Al disappears after quitting in protest—and then doesn't show up until the very end of the film. Where is he, during the occupation? Does he help Bruce get back to Gotham, like in Batman Begins? Why don't we see any of this? Oh, well….
Ben Mendelsohn—Director Krennic of Rogue One—plays Daggett. Safe to say, Daggett choked on his aspirations…. Jokes aside, people have complained about the character's constant "hammy" antics. I think it's perfectly fine, myself. I'd say the "annoying" element is part of the point—he's a pawn in over his head, and refuses to admit it.
Oh, and Cillian Murphy returns as The Scarecrow…serving as Bane's Chief Justice.
HANS ZIMMER'S MUSIC:
Nolan's favorite composer returns with two new key pieces. One—Catwoman's theme—perfectly conveys Hathaway's incarnation of Selina: Mysterious, stylish, and somewhat off-beat…the perfect theme for a sneaky femme fatale with the motif of a cat.
The other, for Bane, has a primal drum beat with a constant chant, supposedly Moroccan Arabic for "He—he—rises!—rises!" "Brutal" yet powerful, driving…powering the tension of many a scene.
THE "RETURN" OF RA'S AL GHUL:
"Did you not think I would return, Bruce…? I told you I was immortal…."
It's a very weird scene, frankly—and the whole "Lazarus Pit" issue in the comics really doesn't help any.
For those not in the know, Ra's Al Ghul does cheat death in the comics, where the League brings his dead body to that pit, and he's resuscitated. Such is comics—no one's "killed off for good", if they're popular enough. But this is the Nolanverse—everything's "grounded" in reality. And we're pretty sure we saw Ra's Al Ghul die. Or…did we? Look at the scene in Batman Begins, frame-by-frame. Maybe…?
Look, at the very least, it's highly improbable that he could've possibly survived that. So, when Liam Neeson pops up in Rises, to rub Bane's victories and Bruce's failures in Bruce's face (and as it turns out, to goad him into a false assumption)…what are we to make of it? Is it really Ra's Al Ghul, back from the dead—and communicating telepathically to Bruce in a vision? Or is it all a hallucination, with Bruce just figuring things out in his head?
Well, I guess it all depends on what we want to believe. And if Ra's does have those abilities, it does open the door for "superpowers" existing in the Nolanverse, after all…which begs for other questions. It's fun to speculate about, regardless—and talk about as we leave the theater.
Which brings me to…
CLOSURE FOR THE NOLANVERSE:
Before the scenario for Batman v. Superman was revealed, there was a small amount of speculation that Man of Steel—and the DCEU with it—was connected in some way to the Dark Knight Trilogy. After all, Christopher Nolan produced Man of Steel…and rumors abounded that Joseph Gordon-Levitt would don the Batman cowl for the inevitable Justice League.
Alas, that may have been the plan, if we believe the story that the original drafts of what became BvS had been written with the "idea" that Christian Bale would return as Bruce Wayne…but in the end, Bale turned it down, feeling that he was all done with the character. His Batman's story was over. Let him enjoy his happily-ever-after with Selina…and maybe raise a girl, destined to become The Huntress….
At any rate, this "grounded in reality" take on Batman frankly wouldn't "work" in a universe where superpowers exist. Only once does the suggestion of the superhuman pop up—Ra's Al-Ghul's "return", and again, that's open to interpretation….
And of course, you'd think Bane's occupation of Gotham would've attracted the attention of a superhero or two.
But most importantly, Rises makes clear that Bruce has come to the end of this journey. He's finally saved Gotham, at long last—and the city's redeemed itself, too. Batman's good name is cleared…and meanwhile, Bruce has found someone to settle down with. He has, at last, found peace.
Still, just in case a hero's needed again…Bruce has also found someone he can pass the mantle to—Blake aka Grayson aka Robin. And he's given his proper goodbyes to Fox…Gordon…and Alfred. But Bruce's story is over, in this universe. Were he to "return", it would've invalidated his emotional arc, here.
(This leads to an interesting theory of mine about BvS. But that's for another time….)
ALTERNATE RISINGS:
Rumors have long circulated on exactly what Nolan's third Batman film would've been like, had the great Heath Ledger not met his untimely demise. A common story has it that the Joker would've returned in a Hannibal-Lector-type role, where Batman needs his twisted help in finding and stopping the Riddler. Fan speculation pointed to Leonardo DeCaprio or Johnny Depp or even Robin Williams playing Riddler—who apparently was to be a Zodiac-type, or a hacker, or maybe both.
Other theories involved Phillip Seymour Hoffman showing up as the Penguin, filling in the void as the new boss of the Gotham mob. Finally, some have suggested that Joker would've just had a brief cameo, where Bane makes it a point to not release him….
But in the end, who knows? We got what we got, and I personally love it.
Nolan himself has said he'd have loved to have seen a Catwoman-centric prequel spin-off starring the lovely Miss Hathaway…but Anne said she'd only do it if Nolan would direct. Shame, though. It would've been another opportunity to wipe away a bad memory. Sorry, Halle Berry.
Speaking of which…"Anne Hathaway" was the name of William Shakespeare's wife. And "our" Anne's parents knew it.
There's no real effort at all to cover up Manhattan standing in for Gotham. There's even a half-constructed Freedom Tower (aka One World Trade Center) in the wide shots.
Bane's most prominent henchman, who's good with rifles, is apparently Deadshot, pre-Will-Smith.
Just as Batman initiates his return, an elder cop, recognizing the signs, eagerly tells a youngster, "Boy, you are in for a show tonight, son!" He's quoting Frank Miller's monumental graphic novel The Dark Knight Returns, where a cop says the same thing in the same kind of context.
Mr. Fredericks—the noblest Wayne Enterprises executive besides Fox—is John Nolan, Christopher's uncle.
Buy/rent the movie here. And stay film-friendly, my friends.
Eric M. Blake
Eric M. Blake is a recent graduate of the University of South Florida, with a Bachelor's in Political Science and a Master's in Film Studies. As that implies, he is very passionate about political theory and filmmaking–and the connections between the two. Inspired by Andrew Breitbart's axiom that "Politics is downstream from culture", he is deeply fascinated by the great influence that popular culture has on public opinion, and is a firm believer in the power of storytelling. He proudly owns his second copy of Ben Shapiro's Primetime Propaganda… his first copy having been worn out though intense re-reading.
Eric was raised by Conservative Christian parents, but first became especially passionate about politics in high school, through reading up on economic theory. He also first read The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged around this time, for the ARI's essay contests. He now owns a great deal of Ayn Rand's work. Also included in his library are the collected works of Rush Limbaugh, Mark Levin, Ann Coulter, etc.
Eric is no stranger to writing commentary, as the writer of the Conservative Considerations column on CampCampaign.com, and as a film critic and commentator on FlickRev.com. He has also carried on the Conservative tradition of talk radio commentary, as the host of "Avengers of America" for the USF student radio station, Bulls Radio. In the meantime, he is practicing what he preaches: Striving to enter the professional realm of Hollywood, he has already written and directed short films for the Campus MovieFest, which can be found on his YouTube channel, Hard Boiled Entertainment.


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